FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Lacouture, JC Johnson, PA Cohen-Tenoudji, F AF Lacouture, JC Johnson, PA Cohen-Tenoudji, F TI Study of critical behavior in concrete during curing by application of dynamic linear and nonlinear means SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Congress on Acoustics CY AUG, 2001 CL ROME, ITALY ID WAVE PROPAGATION; HYSTERESIS; HYDRATION; CEMENT AB The monitoring of both linear and nonlinear elastic properties of a high performance concrete during curing is presented by application of compressional and shear waves. To follow the linear elastic behavior, both compressional and shear waves are used in wide band pulse echo mode. Through the value of the complex reflection coefficient between the cell material (Lucite) and the concrete within the cell, the elastic moduli are calculated. Simultaneously, the transmission of a continuous compressional sine wave at progressively increasing drive levels permits us to calculate the nonlinear properties by extracting the harmonics amplitudes of the signal; Information regarding the chemical evolution of the concrete based upon the reaction of hydration of cement is obtained by monitoring the temperature inside the sample. These different types of measurements are linked together to interpret the critical behavior. (C) 2003 Acoustical Society of America. C1 Univ D Diderot, Lab Environm & Dev, F-75251 Paris, France. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Lacouture, JC (reprint author), Univ D Diderot, Lab Environm & Dev, Tour 33-43,Case Courrier 7087,2 Pl Jussieu, F-75251 Paris, France. NR 13 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 113 IS 3 BP 1325 EP 1332 DI 10.1121/1.1543927 PG 8 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 653CB UT WOS:000181416700015 PM 12656367 ER PT J AU Littlejohn, D Lucas, D AF Littlejohn, D Lucas, D TI Tank atmosphere perturbation: A procedure for assessing flashing losses from oil storage tanks SO JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article AB A new procedure to measure the total volume of emissions from heavy crude oil storage tanks is described. Tank flashing losses, which are difficult to measure, can be determined by correcting this value for working and breathing losses. The procedure uses a fan or blower to vent the headspace of the storage tank, with subsequent monitoring of the,change in concentrations of oxygen or other gases. Combined with a separate determination of the reactive organic carbon (ROC) fraction in the gas, this method allows the evaluation of the total amount of ROC emitted. The operation of the system is described, and results from measurement of several storage tanks in California oil fields are presented. Our measurements are compared with those obtained using the California Air Resources Board (CARB) 150 method. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Lucas, D (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOC PI PITTSBURGH PA ONE GATEWAY CENTER, THIRD FL, PITTSBURGH, PA 15222 USA SN 1047-3289 J9 J AIR WASTE MANAGE JI J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 53 IS 3 BP 360 EP 365 PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 653QQ UT WOS:000181448800010 PM 12661694 ER PT J AU Pezzotti, G Ota, K Yamamoto, Y Lin, HT AF Pezzotti, G Ota, K Yamamoto, Y Lin, HT TI Elementary mechanisms behind the high-temperature deformation behavior of lutetium-doped silicon nitride SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID GRAIN-BOUNDARIES AB Intergranular sliding and diffusive mechanisms behind the deformation behavior of a commercially available lutetium-doped silicon nitride were investigated and discussed. A method of locating and separating phenomena critical for mechanical relaxation at elevated temperatures was applied; the method was based on low-frequency forced-vibration damping measurements. The potentiality of lutetium addition for improving the deformation resistance of silicon nitride was clearly reflected in the high-temperature damping behavior of the investigated polycrystal. Softening of intergranular lutetium silicate phases located at multigrain junctions, which resulted in a grain-boundary sliding peak, occurred at remarkably high temperatures (> 1725 K). This phenomenon, partly overlapping diffusional flow, was followed by further damping relaxation with the melting of the lutetium silicates. Subsequent grain growth was also detected at temperatures > 2100 K. Torsional creep results, collected up to 2100 K, consistently proved the presence of a "locking" effect by lutetium silicates with the sliding of silicon nitride grain boundaries below 1873 K. C1 Kyoto Inst Technol, Dept Mat, Ceram Phys Lab, Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 6068585, Japan. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Pezzotti, G (reprint author), Kyoto Inst Technol, Dept Mat, Ceram Phys Lab, Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 6068585, Japan. NR 16 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43086-6136 USA SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 86 IS 3 BP 471 EP 474 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 659LM UT WOS:000181778200015 ER PT J AU Boyack, KW Borner, K AF Boyack, KW Borner, K TI Indicator-assisted evaluation and funding of research: Visualizing the influence of grants on the number and citation counts of research papers SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR INFORMATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LATENT SEMANTIC ANALYSIS; BIBLIOMETRIC METHODS; SCIENCES; INFORMATION; RETRIEVAL; IMPACT AB This article reports research on analyzing and visualizing the impact of governmental funding on the amount and citation counts of research publications. For the first time, grant and publication data appear interlinked in one map. We start with an overview of related work and a discussion of available techniques. A concrete example- grant and publication data from Behavioral and Social Science Research, one of four extramural research programs at the National Institute on Aging (NIA)-is analyzed and visualized using the VxInsight(R) visualization tool. The analysis also illustrates current existing problems related to the quality and existence of data, data analysis, and processing. The article concludes with a list of recommendations on how to improve the quality of grant-publication maps and a discussion of research challenges for indicator-assisted evaluation and funding of research. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Indiana Univ, Sch Lib & Informat Sci, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. RP Boyack, KW (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. OI Boyack, Kevin/0000-0001-7814-8951 NR 35 TC 49 Z9 51 U1 1 U2 26 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 1532-2882 J9 J AM SOC INF SCI TEC JI J. Am. Soc. Inf. Sci. Technol. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 54 IS 5 BP 447 EP 461 DI 10.1002/asi.10230 PG 15 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Information Science & Library Science SC Computer Science; Information Science & Library Science GA 649ZR UT WOS:000181238300011 ER PT J AU Giovannetti, T Goldstein, RZ Schullery, M Barr, WB Bilder, RM AF Giovannetti, T Goldstein, RZ Schullery, M Barr, WB Bilder, RM TI Category fluency in first-episode schizophrenia SO JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 29th Annual Meeting of the International-Neuropsychological-Society CY FEB 14-17, 2001 CL CHICAGO, ILLINOIS SP Int Neuropsychol Soc DE schizophrenia; semantic knowledge; animal word list generation; category fluency; first episode schizophrenia ID TEMPORAL-LOBE EPILEPSY; VERBAL FLUENCY; 1ST-EPISODE SCHIZOPHRENIA; SEMANTIC MEMORY; SCHIZOAFFECTIVE DISORDER; TREATMENT RESPONSE; THOUGHT-DISORDER; HEALTHY-ADULTS; NORMATIVE DATA; FRONTAL-LOBE AB Animal word list generation (ANWLG) was administered to 47 first-episode schizophrenia (FES) participants and 31 controls. Fifty-nine left temporal lobe epilepsy (LTLE) participants were included as a comparison group with known temporal lobe damage and expected semantic deficits. Semantic knowledge was assessed with the Association Index (AI), a measure of the semantic relatedness of all consecutive ANWLG responses. Neuropsychological tests of language and executive functioning were also administered. Results showed that both FES and LTLE groups generated fewer ANWLG responses than controls, but only the LTLE participants obtained a lower AI relative to controls. FES participants did not differ from controls on the AI. FES and LTLE groups produced fewer semantic subcategories (Clusters), however. only the LTLE group produced fewer words per subcategory compared to controls (cluster size). FES participants produced a higher rate of perseverative responses compared to the other groups. Finally, correlation analyses showed that for FES participants both executive and language tests significantly correlated with ANWLG total responses, while the correlation between ANWLG and only 1 language test was significant for LTLE participants. Taken to-ether, the results suggest that reduced ANWLG output in FES participants may be best conceptualized as a deficit in the executive component of word list generation (i.e., semantic search/access. response monitoring) or global cognitive impairment. C1 Moss Rehabil Res Inst, Philadelphia, PA 19141 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Widener Univ, Chester, PA 19013 USA. NYU, Comprehens Epilepsy Ctr, New York, NY USA. N Shore Long Isl Jewish Hlth Syst, Res Dept, Hillside Hosp Div, Glen Oaks, NY USA. RP Giovannetti, T (reprint author), Moss Rehabil Res Inst, Korman Bldg,Suite 203B,1200 W Tabor Rd, Philadelphia, PA 19141 USA. RI Bilder, Robert/A-8894-2008; OI Bilder, Robert/0000-0001-5085-7852; Barr, William/0000-0001-7711-7758 NR 55 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 1 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4221 USA SN 1355-6177 J9 J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC JI J. Int. Neuropsychol. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 9 IS 3 BP 384 EP 393 DI 10.1017/S1355617703930049 PG 10 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences; Psychiatry; Psychology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry; Psychology GA 661HR UT WOS:000181885600004 PM 12666763 ER PT J AU Han, SW AF Han, SW TI Flux-line lattice and surface barrier in a Nb/Al multilayer SO JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE vortex; magnetization; thin film; lower critical field; superconductor; surface barrier; free energy; multilayer; flux line ID POLARIZED NEUTRON REFLECTIVITY; THIN-FILMS; TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS; LAYERED SUPERCONDUCTORS; VORTICES; FIELD AB The interaction of the flux line and the surface in a Nb/Al multilayer was studied with DC magnetization measurements for a magnetic field applied nearly parallel to the film surface and with a Gibbs free-energy calculation. Peaks were observed in the M - H curves above the lower critical field, and a free-energy minimization calculation showed that the peak positions matched well with flux-line transitions of 1 row to 2 rows and 2 rows to 3 rows. When the field is applied at a small angle to the surface, an extra peak at small field, that was missed for a parallel field, was observed. With the free-energy calculation, we found that the extra peak corresponded to the lower critical field for flux-lines running parallel to the surface (H-c1\\). We point out that the flux lines in a thin-film superconductor follow the field applied with a sightly tilted angle to the surface for H-c1perpendicular to < Hsintheta and Hcostheta < H-c1\\, and rotate to be parallel to the surface at Hcostheta similar or equal to H-c1\\. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Han, SW (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KOREAN PHYSICAL SOC PI SEOUL PA 635-4, YUKSAM-DONG, KANGNAM-KU, SEOUL 135-703, SOUTH KOREA SN 0374-4884 J9 J KOREAN PHYS SOC JI J. Korean Phys. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 42 IS 3 BP 394 EP 400 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 656FR UT WOS:000181598500019 ER PT J AU Yoon, JH Wong, CY AF Yoon, JH Wong, CY TI Effect of initial- and final-state interactions for a pair of fermions SO JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE initial state interaction; final state interaction; ISI; FSI; Gamov factor; K-factor; Fermion pair production; Fermion pari annihilation ID 2-BODY DIRAC EQUATIONS; GENERAL COVARIANT INTERACTIONS; QUANTUM ELECTRODYNAMICS; PARTICLES AB We evaluate the corrective K-factor for strong Coulomb-type initial-state or final-state interactions and/or relativistic reactions. The corrective K-factor is obtained by taking the overlap of the Feynman amplitude with the relativistic wave function of the fermion pair under their mutual interaction. We find that the effects of the corrective factor are significant when the relative energy of the two fermions is small or when the magnitude of the,coupling constant is large. C1 Inha Univ, Dept Phys, Inchon 402751, South Korea. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Yoon, JH (reprint author), Inha Univ, Dept Phys, Inchon 402751, South Korea. NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU KOREAN PHYSICAL SOC PI SEOUL PA 635-4, YUKSAM-DONG, KANGNAM-KU, SEOUL 135-703, SOUTH KOREA SN 0374-4884 J9 J KOREAN PHYS SOC JI J. Korean Phys. Soc. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 42 IS 3 BP 423 EP 426 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 656FR UT WOS:000181598500024 ER PT J AU Kuba, J Benredjem, D Moller, C Drska, L AF Kuba, J Benredjem, D Moller, C Drska, L TI Analytical and numerical ray tracing of a transient x-ray laser: Ni-like Ag laser at 13.9 SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID BEAM OPTICS; GAIN; PULSE; EXCITATION; IRRADIATION; VELOCITY; NM AB Transient soft-x-ray lasers are generated from a solid target irradiated, by two intense pump laser pulses. Amplification is achieved in the plasma column thus produced. Knowledge of the beam propagation is vital for the intensity and quality of the x-ray laser output. In this paper, x-ray lager beam propagation in transient plasmas is studied both analytically and numerically. General one-dimensional formulas are developed for beams in electron density gradient media, including the exponential profile that describes the plasma created from a solid target. The gradient is predicted to limit the amplification length within the maximum,gain to <2.6 mm in standard experiments. The result given by the analytical model is confirmed by numerical ray tracing of x-ray laser beams within an amplifying medium as it is defined by the full numerical simulation results of the EHYBRID code. (C) 2003 Optical Society of America. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Czech Tech Univ, Fac Nucl Sci & Phys Engn, CR-11519 Prague 1, Czech Republic. Univ Paris 11, Lab Spect Atom & Ion, F-91405 Orsay, France. RP Kuba, J (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808,L-251, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 25 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0740-3224 J9 J OPT SOC AM B JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 20 IS 3 BP 609 EP 615 DI 10.1364/JOSAB.20.000609 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA 652KM UT WOS:000181378400027 ER PT J AU Yoshida, M Koyama, K Canfield, PC Cunningham, C Nimori, S Watanabe, K Motokawa, M AF Yoshida, M Koyama, K Canfield, PC Cunningham, C Nimori, S Watanabe, K Motokawa, M TI Cyclotron resonance in PrSb SO JOURNAL OF THE PHYSICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN LA English DT Article DE cyclotron resonance; cyclotron effective mass; Doppler-shifted cyclotron resonance; magnetoplasma; wave; low carrier system; PrSb AB Cyclotron resonance (CR) measurements on a single crystal of PrSb have been performed at temperatures between 1.5 K and 20 K in the frequency range from 50 to 110 GHz. Three CR absorption lines are observed at low temperatures. For magnetic fields parallel to the [001] direction, the determined effective masses are 0.25m(0), 0.31m(0), and 0.53m(0), respectively. In addition to "normal" CR, we have observed Doppler-shifted cyclotron resonance which shows nonlinear behavior on the frequency-field diagram. C1 Tohoku Univ, High field Lab Superconducting Mat, Inst Mat Res, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA USA. Natl Inst Mat Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050003, Japan. RP Yoshida, M (reprint author), Tohoku Univ, High field Lab Superconducting Mat, Inst Mat Res, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan. EM yopida@imr.edu RI Watanabe, Kazuo/C-2819-2011; Nimori, Shigeki/H-2643-2011; Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014 NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU PHYSICAL SOC JAPAN PI TOKYO PA YUSHIMA URBAN BUILDING 5F, 2-31-22 YUSHIMA, BUNKYO-KU, TOKYO, 113-0034, JAPAN SN 0031-9015 J9 J PHYS SOC JPN JI J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 IS 3 BP 705 EP 708 DI 10.1143/JPSJ.72.705 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 657QN UT WOS:000181678000038 ER PT J AU Zywicz, E O'Brien, MJ Nguyen, T AF Zywicz, E O'Brien, MJ Nguyen, T TI On the elastic-plastic response of a large-tow triaxially braided composite SO JOURNAL OF THERMOPLASTIC COMPOSITE MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID MODEL AB The elastic-plastic response of a large-tow 0degrees/+/-thetadegrees triaxially braided composite is numerically simulated to determine the elastic coefficients and post-yield behavior. The ratios of extensional to flexural effective Young's moduli vary from 0.30 to 0.52 in the longitudinal direction and from 0.90 to 0.95 in the transverse direction. Measurements on a 2-ply 0degrees/+/-30degrees braid support these numerical trends. The onset of macro yield in uniaxial extension coincides with the experimental values in the longitudinal direction while it is nearly twice the experimental values in the transverse direction. In simple shear, matrix plasticity around the undulations facilitates local rotation of the braiders at the onset of macro yield. Under uniaxial flexure, modest stiffening occurs prior to strain softening in both the principal directions. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94556 USA. RP Zywicz, E (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94556 USA. RI Nguyen, Thao/A-3391-2010 OI Nguyen, Thao/0000-0002-0312-1583 NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 6 BONHILL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4PU, ENGLAND SN 0892-7057 J9 J THERMOPLAST COMPOS JI J. Thermoplast. Compos. Mater. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 16 IS 2 BP 183 EP 191 DI 10.1106/089270503025862 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA 653UW UT WOS:000181456300005 ER PT J AU Jankowski, AF Hayes, JP AF Jankowski, AF Hayes, JP TI Sputter deposition of a spongelike morphology in metal coatings SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A LA English DT Article ID OXIDE FUEL-CELLS; THICK; SUBSTRATE AB Metallic films are grown with a "spongelike" morphology in the as-deposited condition using planar magnetron sputtering. The morphology of the deposit is characterized by metallic continuity in three dimensions with continuous and open porosity on the submicron scale. The stabilization of the spongelike morphology is found over a limited range of the sputter deposition parameters, that is, of working gas pressure and substrate temperature. This spongelike morphology is an extension of the features as generally represented in the classic zone models of growth for physical vapor deposits. Nickel coatings are deposited with working gas pressures up to 4 Pa and for substrate temperatures up to 1100 K. The morphology of the deposits is examined in plan and in cross section views with scanning electron microscopy. The parametric range of gas pressure and, substrate,temperature (relative to absolute melt point) under which the spongelike metal deposits are produced appear universal for other metals including gold, silver, and aluminum. (C) 2003 American Vacuum Society. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Dept Chem & Mat Sci, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, New Technol Engn Div, Div Engn, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Jankowski, AF (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Dept Chem & Mat Sci, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 13 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 6 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A PD MAR-APR PY 2003 VL 21 IS 2 BP 422 EP 425 DI 10.1116/1.1545759 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 673UH UT WOS:000182598300014 ER PT J AU Peake, GM Shul, RJ Ashby, CIH Cederberg, JG Hafich, MJ Biefeld, RM Palmisiano, MN AF Peake, GM Shul, RJ Ashby, CIH Cederberg, JG Hafich, MJ Biefeld, RM Palmisiano, MN TI Inductively coupled plasma reactive ion etching of GaInAsSb and AlGaAsSb for quaternary antimonide multiple interconnected module thermophotovoltaics SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article ID GASB; INGAASSB; DEVICES; INSB AB We report on the inductively coupled plasma reactive ion etching of GaInAsSb and AlGaAsSb for the fabrication of quaternary multiple interconnected module (MIM) thermophotovoltaic devices. A rapid dry etch process is described that produces smooth surfaces using BCl3 for AlGaAsSb and GaInAsSb structures capped with GaSb. Uncapped GaInAsSb was etched by adding an H-2 plasma preclean to reduce surface oxides. GaInAsSb etch rate was studied as a function of accelerating voltage, rf power, temperature, and pressure. The etch conditions found for GaInAsSb were used for AlGaAsSb etching to determine the effectiveness for isolation of the MIM cells. Etch rates of 2700 Angstrom/min with rms roughness of 0.40 nm and 3000 Angstrom/min with rms roughness of 2.33 nm were demonstrated for GaInAsSb and AlGaAsSb, respectively. (C) 2003 American Vacuum Society. [DOI: 10.1116/1.1562639]. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Bettis Atom Power Lab, W Mifflin, PA 15122 USA. RP Peake, GM (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,Mailstop 0601, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 8 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD MAR-APR PY 2003 VL 21 IS 2 BP 843 EP 847 DI 10.1116/1.1562639 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 673WV UT WOS:000182604000037 ER PT J AU Kaspar, T Tuan, A Tonkyn, R Hess, WP Rogers, JW Ono, Y AF Kaspar, T Tuan, A Tonkyn, R Hess, WP Rogers, JW Ono, Y TI Role of O(D-1) in the oxidation of Si(100) SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article ID LOW-TEMPERATURE; ATOMIC OXYGEN; PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; SILICON OXIDATION; PLASMA OXIDATION; KINETICS; FILMS; PHOTOOXIDATION; DEPOSITION; RADICALS AB Oxidation of silicon with neutral atomic oxygen species generated in a rare gas plasma has recently been shown to produce high-quality thin oxides. It has been speculated that atomic oxygen in the first excited state, O(D-1), is a dominant reactive species in the oxidation mechanism. In this study, we investigate the role of O(D-1) in silicon oxidation in-the-absence of other oxidizing species. The O(D-1) is generated by laser-induced photodissociation of N2O at 193 nm. We find that, at 400degreesC, O(D-1) is effective in the initial stages of oxidation, but the oxide growth rate decreases dramatically past 1.5 nm. Oxide films thicker than 2 nm were not achieved regardless of oxidation time or N2O partial pressure (0.5-90 mTorr), indicating O(D-1) cannot be a dominant reactive species in thicker rapid oxidation mechanisms. We suggest that quenching of O(D-1) to O(P-3) (ground state) during diffusion through thicker oxides results in drastically slower oxidation kinetics. In contrast, oxidation with a vacuum ultraviolet excimer lamp operating at 172 nm resulted in rapid oxide growth up to 4 nm. Thus, other species produced in plasmas and excimer lamps, such as molecular and atomic ions, photons, and free and conduction band electrons, likely play a dominant role in the rapid oxidation mechanism of thicker oxides (>2 nm). (C) 2003 American Vacuum Society. [DOI: 10.1116/1.1563254]. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Chem Engn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Sharp Labs Amer Inc, Camas, WA 98607 USA. RP Hess, WP (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM wayne.hess@pnl.gov NR 30 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD MAR-APR PY 2003 VL 21 IS 2 BP 895 EP 899 DI 10.1116/1.1563254 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 673WV UT WOS:000182604000046 ER PT J AU Niemann, C Penache, D Tauschwitz, A Rosmej, FB Neff, S Birkner, R Constantin, C Knobloch, R Presura, R Yu, SS Sharp, WM Ponce, DM Hoffmann, DHH AF Niemann, C Penache, D Tauschwitz, A Rosmej, FB Neff, S Birkner, R Constantin, C Knobloch, R Presura, R Yu, SS Sharp, WM Ponce, DM Hoffmann, DHH TI Diagnostics of discharge channels for neutralized chamber transport in heavy ion fusion SO LASER AND PARTICLE BEAMS LA English DT Article DE Chamber transport; heavy ion fusion; z-discharge ID PINCH; GAS AB The final beam transport in the reactor chamber for heavy ion fusion in preformed plasma channels offers many attractive advantages compared to other transport modes. In the past few years, experiments at the Gesellschaft fur Schwerionenforschung (GSI) accelerator facility have addressed the creation and investigation of discharge plasmas, designed for the transport of intense ion beams. Stable, self-standing channels of 50 cm length with currents up to 55 kA were initiated in low-pressure ammonia gas by a CO2-laser pulse along the channel axis before the discharge is triggered. The channels were characterized by several plasma diagnostics including interferometry and spectroscopy. We also present first experiments on laser-guided intersecting discharges. C1 Tech Univ Darmstadt, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany. Gesell Schwerionenforsch mbH, Darmstadt, Germany. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Niemann, C (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 E Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Hoffmann, Dieter H.H./A-5265-2008 NR 6 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 USA SN 0263-0346 J9 LASER PART BEAMS JI Laser Part. Beams PD MAR PY 2003 VL 21 IS 1 BP 13 EP 15 DI 10.1017/S0263034602211039 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 703NM UT WOS:000184286200003 ER PT J AU Friedman, A Grote, DP Celata, CM Staples, JW AF Friedman, A Grote, DP Celata, CM Staples, JW TI Use of projectional phase space data to infer a 4D particle distribution SO LASER AND PARTICLE BEAMS LA English DT Article DE heavy ion fusion; phase space; tomography; diagnostic; distribution function AB We consider beams that are described by a four-dimensional (4D) transverse distribution f (x, y, x', y'), where x' equivalent to p(x)/p(z) and z is the axial coordinate. A two-slit scanner is commonly employed to measure, over a sequence of shots, a two-dimensional (2D) projection of such a beam's phase space, for example, f (x, x'). Another scanner might yield f (y, y') or, using crossed slits, f (x, y). A small set of such 2D scans does not uniquely specify f (x, y, x', y'). We have developed "tomographic" techniques to synthesize a "reasonable" set of particles in a 4D phase space having 2D densities consistent with the experimental data. We briefly summarize one method and describe progress in validating it, using simulations of the High Current Experiment at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Friedman, A (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM af@llnl.gov NR 7 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 USA SN 0263-0346 J9 LASER PART BEAMS JI Laser Part. Beams PD MAR PY 2003 VL 21 IS 1 BP 17 EP 20 DI 10.1017/S0263034602211040 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 703NM UT WOS:000184286200004 ER PT J AU Qin, H Davidson, RC Startsev, EA Lee, WWL AF Qin, H Davidson, RC Startsev, EA Lee, WWL TI delta f simulation studies of the ion-electron two-stream instability in heavy ion fusion beams SO LASER AND PARTICLE BEAMS LA English DT Article DE two-stream instability; electron cloud; heavy ion fusion; space charge effect ID CHARGED-PARTICLE BEAMS; STORAGE-RINGS; STABILITY AB Ion-electron two-stream instabilities in high intensity heavy ion fusion beams, described self-consistently by the nonlinear Vlasov-Maxwell equations, are studied using a three-dimensional multispecies perturbative particle simulation method. Large-scale parallel particle simulations are carried out using the recently developed Beam Equilibrium, Stability, and Transport (BEST) code. For a parameter regime characteristic of heavy ion fusion drivers, simulation results show that the most unstable mode of the ion-electron two-stream instability has a dipole-mode structure, and the linear growth rate decreases with increasing axial momentum spread of the beam particles due to Landau damping by the axial momentum spread of the beam ions in the longitudinal direction. C1 Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Qin, H (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 23 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 USA SN 0263-0346 J9 LASER PART BEAMS JI Laser Part. Beams PD MAR PY 2003 VL 21 IS 1 BP 21 EP 26 DI 10.1017/S0263034602211052 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 703NM UT WOS:000184286200005 ER PT J AU Efthimion, PC Gilson, E Grisham, L Kolchin, P Davidson, RC Yu, S Logan, BG AF Efthimion, PC Gilson, E Grisham, L Kolchin, P Davidson, RC Yu, S Logan, BG TI ECR plasma source for heavy ion beam charge neutralization SO LASER AND PARTICLE BEAMS LA English DT Article DE plasma focus; RF plasma; beam charge neutralization ID DEPOSITION AB Highly ionized plasmas are being considered as a medium for charge neutralizing heavy ion beams in order to focus beyond the space-charge limit. Calculations suggest that plasma at a density of 1-100 times the ion beam density and at a length similar to0.1-2 m would be suitable for achieving a high level of charge neutralization. An Electron Cyclotron Resonance (ECR) source has been built at the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL) to support a joint Neutralized Transport Experiment (NTX) at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) to study ion beam neutralization with plasma. The ECR source operates at 13.6 MHz and with solenoid magnetic fields of 1-10 gauss. The goal is to operate the source at pressures similar to10(-6) Toff at full ionization. The initial operation of the source has been at pressures of 10(-4-)10(-1) Torr. Electron densities in the range of 10(8) to 10(11) cm(-3) have been achieved. Low-pressure operation is important to reduce ion beam ionization. A cusp magnetic field has been installed to improve radial confinement and reduce the field strength on the beam axis. In addition, axial confinement is believed to be important to achieve lower-pressure operation. To further improve breakdown at low pressure, a weak electron source will be placed near the end of the ECR source. This article also describes the wave damping mechanisms. At moderate pressures (> 1 mTorr), the wave damping is collisional, and at low pressures (< 1 mTorr) there is a distinct electron cyclotron resonance. C1 Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Efthimion, PC (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 USA SN 0263-0346 J9 LASER PART BEAMS JI Laser Part. Beams PD MAR PY 2003 VL 21 IS 1 BP 37 EP 40 DI 10.1017/S0263034602211088 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 703NM UT WOS:000184286200008 ER PT J AU Vay, JL Kawata, S Nakamura, T Sasaki, J Someya, T Deutsch, C AF Vay, JL Kawata, S Nakamura, T Sasaki, J Someya, T Deutsch, C TI Conducting versus insulating walls in a heavy ion reaction chamber SO LASER AND PARTICLE BEAMS LA English DT Article DE flibe gas pressure; plasma; ion beam; insulating walls ID BEAM-PROPAGATION; SIZED CHAMBER AB We first pay attention to the inflight charge state distribution in a Pb ion beam propagating in a reactor-sized chamber delimited by metallic walls. We thus compare Livermore (code BIC) and Orsay (code BPIC) distributions in the presence of a residual Flibe gas pressure. Next, we replace the electron plasma due to Flibe ionization by a gliding plasma produced by the polarization of the incoming ion beam on insulating walls. Corresponding electrons, when attracted by the beam, are demonstrated to yield a very efficient current neutralization. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Utsunomiya Univ, Dept Energy & Environm Sci, Utsunomiya, Tochigi 321, Japan. Tokyo Inst Technol, Nucl Reactors Res Lab, Tokyo 152, Japan. RP Vay, JL (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Bldg 47-112,1Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 USA SN 0263-0346 J9 LASER PART BEAMS JI Laser Part. Beams PD MAR PY 2003 VL 21 IS 1 BP 41 EP 46 DI 10.1017/S026303460221109X PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 703NM UT WOS:000184286200009 ER PT J AU Johnson, BM Hershcovitch, A Bugaev, AS Gushenets, VI Oks, EM Yushkov, GY Batalin, VA Kolomiets, AA Kuibeda, RP Kulevoy, TV Pershin, VI Petrenko, SV Seleznev, DN AF Johnson, BM Hershcovitch, A Bugaev, AS Gushenets, VI Oks, EM Yushkov, GY Batalin, VA Kolomiets, AA Kuibeda, RP Kulevoy, TV Pershin, VI Petrenko, SV Seleznev, DN TI Two approaches to electron beam enhancement of the metal vapor vacuum arc ion source SO LASER AND PARTICLE BEAMS LA English DT Article DE high charge states; intense beams; ion source; vacuum arc AB Conclusive demonstration of electron-beam enhancement of ion charge states for the Metal Vapor Vacuum Arc (MEVVA) ion source was recently achieved using an external electron beam (E-MEVVA) in experiments performed jointly among the Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics (ITEP), Moscow, Russia, the High Current Electronics Institute (HCEI), Tomsk, Russia, and Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), USA. The E-MEVVA experiments were performed in Moscow and Tomsk with nearly the same design of ion sources. Results for lead and bismuth cathodes yielded maximum ion charge states of Pb7+ and Bi8+ for E-MEVVA, as compared to Pb2+ and Bi2+ for conventional MEVVA operation. Additional encouraging results were also obtained using a Z-discharge to produce an internal electron-beam (Z-MEVVA and LIZ-MEV). C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Russian Acad Sci, Inst High Current Elect, Tomsk 634055, Russia. Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. RP Johnson, BM (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Box 5000,Bldg 510C, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Oks, Efim/A-9409-2014; Yushkov, Georgy/O-8024-2015 OI Oks, Efim/0000-0002-9323-0686; Yushkov, Georgy/0000-0002-7615-6058 NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 USA SN 0263-0346 J9 LASER PART BEAMS JI Laser Part. Beams PD MAR PY 2003 VL 21 IS 1 BP 103 EP 108 DI 10.1017/S0263034603211198 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 703NM UT WOS:000184286200019 ER PT J AU Skakun, VS Lomaev, MI Tarasenko, VF Shitts, DV Johnson, GL Wang, FT AF Skakun, VS Lomaev, MI Tarasenko, VF Shitts, DV Johnson, GL Wang, FT TI High-power UV excilamps excited by a glow discharge SO LASER AND PARTICLE BEAMS LA English DT Article DE excilamp; XeCl; KrCl; glow discharge ID QUASI-CONTINUOUS OPERATION; MICROWAVE-DISCHARGE; NM AB The results, on study of light sources based on spontaneous radiation of molecules KrCl* (lambda similar to 222 nm) and XeCl* (lambda similar to 308 nm) excited by a glow discharge are presented. It is demonstrated that additions of light inert gases (He and Ne) lead to increase in emission of radiation power and efficiency in mixtures Kr(Xe)-Cl-2. A high-power cylindrical multi-section excilamp was built and energy, time, and spectrum characteristics have been studied. Average output power obtained in the UV spectral range were 1,9 kW at lambda similar to 222 nm and 1,1 kW at lambda similar to 308 nm with efficiencies with respect to the excitation power of up to 14%. C1 Russian Acad Sci, Inst High Current Elect, Tomsk 634055, Russia. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. RP Skakun, VS (reprint author), Russian Acad Sci, Inst High Current Elect, Tomsk 634055, Russia. RI Tarasenko, Victor/P-1748-2014; Lomaev, Mikhail/D-8045-2014 OI Lomaev, Mikhail/0000-0001-9067-4954 NR 29 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 USA SN 0263-0346 J9 LASER PART BEAMS JI Laser Part. Beams PD MAR PY 2003 VL 21 IS 1 BP 115 EP 119 DI 10.1017/S0263034603211216 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 703NM UT WOS:000184286200021 ER PT J AU Lee, JH Springer, CS AF Lee, JH Springer, CS TI Effects of equilibrium exchange on diffusion-weighted NMR signals: The diffusigraphic "shutter-speed" SO MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE diffusion; exchange-regime; shutter speed ID TRANSCYTOLEMMAL WATER-EXCHANGE; PULSED FIELD GRADIENTS; MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; APPARENT DIFFUSION; CEREBRAL-ISCHEMIA; HUMAN BRAIN; IN-VIVO; SPIN ECHOES; ATTENUATION; MODEL AB A general picture is presented of the implications for diffusion-weighted NMR signals of the parsimonious two-site-exchange (2SX) paradigm. In particular, it is shown that the diffusigraphic "shutter-speed," T-1 equivalent to \q(2)(D-A - D-B)\, is a useful concept. The "wave-number" q has its standard definition (given in the text), and DA and DB are the apparent diffusion coefficients (ADCs) of molecules in the two "sites," A and B, if there is no exchange between them. At low gradient strengths (center of q-space), T-1 is less than rate constants for intercom partmental water molecule exchange in most tissue cases. Thus, the exchange reaction appears fast. However, q is increased during the course of most experiments and, as it is, the shutter-speed becomes "faster" and the exchange reaction, the kinetics of which do not change, appears to slow down. This causes a multiexponential behavior in the diffusion-weighting dimension, b, which also has its standard definition. This picture is found to be in substantial agreement with a number of different experimental observations. It is applied here to literature (H2O)-H-1 data from a yeast cell suspension and from the human and the rat brain. Since the equilibrium transcytolemmal water exchange reaction appears to be in the fast-exchange-limit at small b, the initial slope represents the weighted-average of the ADCs of intra- and extracellular water. Of course, in tissue the former is in the significant majority. Furthermore, a consideration of reasonable values for the other 2SX parameters suggests that, for resting brain tissue, the intracellular water ADC may be larger than the extracellular water ADC. There are some independent inferences of this, which would have ramifications for many applications of diffusion-weighted MRI. Published 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc.(dagger) C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Dept Biomed Engn, Cincinnati, OH USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. RP Springer, CS (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Lee, Jing-Huei/J-3978-2016; OI Lee, Jing-Huei/0000-0001-9921-7629; Springer, Charles/0000-0002-5966-2135 FU NIBIB NIH HHS [R01 EB-00422]; NINDS NIH HHS [R01 NS-40801] NR 42 TC 60 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 9 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0740-3194 J9 MAGNET RESON MED JI Magn. Reson. Med. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 49 IS 3 BP 450 EP 458 DI 10.1002/mrm.10402 PG 9 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 651AL UT WOS:000181297200007 PM 12594747 ER PT J AU Rajaraman, S Wood, LK Willhite, DK Russell, LB Bedell, MA AF Rajaraman, S Wood, LK Willhite, DK Russell, LB Bedell, MA TI Effects of spontaneous Kitl(Steel) mutations on survival and red blood cells of mice SO MAMMALIAN GENOME LA English DT Article ID KIT-LIGAND GENE; C-KIT; POINT MUTATIONS; ALLELIC SERIES; GROWTH-FACTOR; STEEL FACTOR; MUTANT MICE; TRANSMEMBRANE; EXPRESSION; DELETION AB Kit ligand (Kit1), which is a member of the helical cytokine superfamily, is encoded by the Steel (S1) locus of mice and is essential for the development of hematopoietic cells, germ cells, and melanocytes. A large series of Kit1(S1) alleles has been described, including some that arose spontaneously and others that were induced by either chemical or radiation mutagenesis. Here we describe the nucleotide sequence alterations in two spontaneous Kit1(S1) alleles. The Kit1(S1-18R) allele has a point mutation that introduces a premature termination codon, and the encoded protein is expected to be null functionally. The Kit1(S1-5R) allele has an in-frame deletion that results in deletion of amino acids at position 31 and 32 of Kid. While both mutations exert severe effects on blood cells and survival of homozygous mice, these effects are slightly milder than those of a previously characterized spontaneous deletion allele, Kit1(S1-gb). Examination of the survival of compound heterozygotes provided strong genetic evidence that the Kit1(S1-18R) and Kit1(S1-5R) mutants are null functionally for mouse survival. C1 Univ Georgia, Dept Genet, Athens, GA 30602 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Bedell, MA (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Genet, B416 Life Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. NR 22 TC 7 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0938-8990 J9 MAMM GENOME JI Mamm. Genome PD MAR PY 2003 VL 14 IS 3 BP 168 EP 174 DI 10.1007/s00335-002-2193-4 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 649FT UT WOS:000181197100002 PM 12647239 ER PT J AU Ozawa, M Winterer, M Loong, CK Suzuki, S AF Ozawa, M Winterer, M Loong, CK Suzuki, S TI Local structure stability of Cu-Al(2)O(3)NOx removal catalyst SO MATERIALS SCIENCE RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE alumina; catalyst; copper; nitrogen oxides; automotive exhaust; lean-burn; ESR; XANES ID SELECTIVE REDUCTION; NITROGEN MONOXIDE; ALUMINA; SCATTERING; PROPANE C1 Nagoya Inst Technol, Ceram Res Lab, Gifu 5070071, Japan. Tech Univ Darmstadt, Dept Mat Sci, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Nagoya Inst Technol, CRL, Grad Sch Engn, Gifu 5070071, Japan. RI Winterer, Markus/N-2069-2015 NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU SOC MATERIALS SCIENCE, JAPAN PI KYOTO PA 1-101, YOSHIDA-IZUMIDONO-CHO, SAKYO-KU, KYOTO, 606-8301, JAPAN SN 1341-1683 J9 MATER SCI RES INT JI Mater. Sci. Res. Int. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 9 IS 1 BP 114 EP 116 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 719ZV UT WOS:000185236300019 ER PT J AU Griewank, A Naumann, U AF Griewank, A Naumann, U TI Accumulating Jacobians as chained sparse matrix products SO MATHEMATICAL PROGRAMMING LA English DT Article DE chained matrix product; combinatorial optimization; dynamic programming; edge elimination in computational graphs AB The chain rule - fundamental to any kind of analytical differentiation - can be applied in various ways to computational graphs representing vector functions. These variants result in different operations counts for the calculation of the corresponding Jacobian matrices. The minimization of the number of arithmetic operations required for the calculation of the complete Jacobian leads to a hard combinatorial optimization problem. We will describe an approach to the solution of this problem that builds on the idea of optimizing chained matrix products using dynamic programming techniques. Reductions by a factor of 3 and more are possible regarding the operations count for the Jacobian accumulation. After discussing the mathematical basics of Automatic Differentiation we will show how to compute Jacobians by chained sparse matrix products. These matrix chains can be reordered, must be pruned, and are finally subject to a dynamic programming algorithm to reduce the number of scalar multiplications performed. C1 Tech Univ Dresden, D-8027 Dresden, Germany. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Griewank, A (reprint author), Tech Univ Dresden, D-8027 Dresden, Germany. OI Griewank, Andreas/0000-0001-9839-1473 NR 18 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0025-5610 J9 MATH PROGRAM JI Math. Program. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 95 IS 3 BP 555 EP 571 DI 10.1007/s10107-002-0329-7 PG 17 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics GA 670BG UT WOS:000182386900006 ER PT J AU Shrotriya, P Allameh, SM Lou, J Buchheit, T Soboyejo, WO AF Shrotriya, P Allameh, SM Lou, J Buchheit, T Soboyejo, WO TI On the measurement of the plasticity length scale parameter in LIGA nickel foils SO MECHANICS OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Experiments and Modeling of Failure of Modern Materials CY JUN 27-29, 2001 CL SAN DIEGO, CA DE LIGA Ni foil; strain gradient plasticity; rotational gradient; micro-tensile; plasticity length scale; micro-bend test; microstructure ID STRAIN GRADIENT PLASTICITY; HARDNESS; WORK AB This paper presents measurements of the plasticity length scale for polycrystalline LIGA nickel foils produced by electroplating in a sulfamate bath. The micro-bend test method developed by Stolken and Evans [Acta Mater. 46 (1998) 5109] is used to obtain a composite length scale parameter. l(c). that is primarily associated with rotational gradients. The micro-bend test utilizes the measurement of the curvature change associated with elastic spring-back of bent micro-beams in the extraction of a composite length scale parameter. l(c). The length scale is measured to be similar to5.6 mum for foils between 25 and 175 pm thick. This is in the range (3-5 mum) reported from prior micro-bend experiments on nickel foils (loc. cit.). The measured length scale is also similar to values reported previously for polycrystalline copper wires using torsion tests in which rotation gradients dominate. (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 Princeton Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Princeton Mat Inst, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Mech Reliabil & Modeling Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Princeton Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Princeton Mat Inst, 1 Olden St, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. EM pshrotri@princeton.edu RI Shrotriya, Pranav/F-5960-2011 OI Shrotriya, Pranav/0000-0001-9263-4892 NR 18 TC 66 Z9 67 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6636 EI 1872-7743 J9 MECH MATER JI Mech. Mater. PD MAR-JUN PY 2003 VL 35 IS 3-6 BP 233 EP 243 AR PII S0167-6636(02)00273-9 DI 10.1016/S0167-6636(02)00273-9 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Materials Science; Mechanics GA 638XH UT WOS:000180597600006 ER PT J AU Gautesen, AK AF Gautesen, AK TI On scattering of an SH-wave by a corner comprised of two different elastic materials SO MECHANICS OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Experiments and Modeling of Failure of Modern Materials CY JUN 27-29, 2001 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA ID RAYLEIGH; WEDGE AB The problem of the scattering of plane SH-waves by a corner comprised of two different elastic materials is considered. This problem is the analogy of the dielectric wedge problem in electromagnetics. A Fourier transform method is used to derive equations which can readily be solved numerically, The unknowns are the Fourier transforms of the displacements and tractions on the interfaces of the wedge. Fredholm integral equations of the second kind with simple continuous kernels are obtained after taking a physically reasonable representation of the unknown quantities, Numerical results for the diffraction coefficients are presented, The method can be generalized for incidence of Stonely, plane P-, or SV-waves. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Math, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Gautesen, AK (reprint author), Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Math, 136 Wilhelm Hall, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6636 J9 MECH MATER JI Mech. Mater. PD MAR-JUN PY 2003 VL 35 IS 3-6 BP 407 EP 414 AR PII S0167-6636(02)00258-8 DI 10.1016/S0167-6636(02)00258-2 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Materials Science; Mechanics GA 638XH UT WOS:000180597600015 ER PT J AU Radmilovic, V Mitlin, D Tolley, AJ Dahmen, U Morris, JW AF Radmilovic, V Mitlin, D Tolley, AJ Dahmen, U Morris, JW TI Resistance to shape refinement of precipitates in Al-(Si,Ge) alloys during thermal cycling SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID AL-GE ALLOY; MORPHOLOGY; EVOLUTION AB The present work addresses the response of Si-Ge precipitates in Al-0.5Si-0.5Ge (at. pct) to thermal-cycling treatments of the sort known to refine the shapes of Ge precipitates in binary Al-Ge alloys. Alloys aged at 250 degreesC contained both small, platelet precipitates on {111} planes and larger, equiaxed precipitates that were heavily twinned. Thermal cycling between 250 degreesC and 360 degreesC led to partial or complete dissolution of the platelets. However, the equiaxed particles coarsened at an essentially constant shape; the shape refinement that led to untwinned, single-variant octahedral precipitates in binary Al-Ge did not occur. The apparent reason is the heavy twinning of the Si-Ge precipitates, which produces particles with a nearly spherical shape and rounded, incoherent interfaces and is, hence, a viable mechanism for relaxing the large misfit strain of the precipitate structure. The twinned particles undergo normal coarsening at an essentially constant shape. After thermal cycling, the precipitates contain Si and Ge in the approximate ratio of 70Si-30Ge, which is in the composition range expected for the cycling temperature. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Natl Ctr Electron Microscopy, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Radmilovic, V (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Natl Ctr Electron Microscopy, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Mitlin , David /M-5328-2016 OI Mitlin , David /0000-0002-7556-3575 NR 21 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 5 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 34 IS 3 BP 543 EP 551 DI 10.1007/s11661-003-0090-4 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 651YW UT WOS:000181352400013 ER PT J AU Mitlin, D Radmilovic, V Morris, JW Dahmen, U AF Mitlin, D Radmilovic, V Morris, JW Dahmen, U TI On the influence of Si-Ge additions on the aging response of Al-Cu SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID PRECIPITATION AB Al-Cu-Si-Ge alloys display a unique combination of ultrarapid aging response, high peak hardness, and extended-aging microstructural stability. The purpose of this work is to explain these properties in terms of the role that the Si-Ge additions have on modifying the conventional Al-Cu aging sequence. In both AlCu and AlCuSiGe ; the room-temperature microstructure consists of both Guinier-Preston (GP) zones and theta" precipitates. Upon aging at 190 degreesC, Al-Cu displays the well-known precipitation sequence: the slow dissolution of GP zones and theta" and the gradual formation of theta'. In the quaternary alloy, Si-Ge particles quickly nucleate and grow during elevated-temperature aging (they are detected after as little as 30 minutes at 190 degreesC). The Si-Ge particles then act as nucleation sites for theta' precipitates, resulting in a peak-aged microstructure consisting of a dense distribution of theta' attached to Si-Ge. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Natl Ctr Electron Microscopy, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Mitlin , David /M-5328-2016 OI Mitlin , David /0000-0002-7556-3575 NR 21 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 4 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 34A IS 3 BP 735 EP 742 DI 10.1007/s11661-003-0108-y PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 655XJ UT WOS:000181577700002 ER PT J AU Dixon, ET Bogard, DD Garrison, DH AF Dixon, ET Bogard, DD Garrison, DH TI Ar-39-Ar-40 chronology of R chondrites SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID EQUILIBRATED ORDINARY CHONDRITES; PARENT BODY; THERMAL HISTORIES; CARLISLE LAKES; EXPOSURE AGES; METEORITES; RUMURUTI; CLASSIFICATION; FRAGMENTATION; METAMORPHISM AB This study presents the first determinations of Ar-39-Ar-40 ages of R chondrites for the purpose of understanding the thermal history of the R chondrite parent body. The Ar-39-Ar-40 ages were determined on whole-rock samples of four R chondrites: Carlisle Lakes, Rumuruti, Acfer 217, and Pecora Escarpment #91002 (PCA 91002). All samples are breccias except for Carlisle Lakes. The age spectra are complicated by recoil and diffusive loss to various extents. The peak Ar-39-Ar-40 ages of the four chondrites are greater than or equal to4.35, similar to4.47 +/- 0.02, 4.30 +/- 0.07 Ga, and greater than or equal to4.37 Ga, respectively. These ages are similar to Ar-Ar ages of relatively unshocked ordinary chondrites (4.52-4.38 Ga) and are older than Ar-Ar ages of most shocked ordinary chondrites (much less than4.2 Ga). Because the meteorites with the oldest (Rumuruti, similar to4.47 Ga) and the youngest (Acfer 217, similar to4.30 Ga) ages are both breccias, these ages probably do not record slow cooling within an undisrupted asteroidal parent body. Instead, the process of breccia formation may have differentially reset the ages of the constituent material, or the differences in their age spectra may arise from mixtures of material that had different ages. Two end-member type situations may be envisioned to explain the age range observed in the R chondrites. The first is if the impact(s) that reset the ages of Acfer 217 and Rumuruti was very early. In this case, the similar to170 Ma maximum age difference between these meteorites may have been produced by much deeper burial of Acfer 217 than Rumuruti within an impact-induced thick regolith layer, or within a rubble pile type parent body following parent body re-assembly. The second, preferred scenario is if the impact that reset the age of Acfer 217 was much later than that which reset Rumuruti, then Acfer 217 may have cooled more rapidly within a much thinner regolith layer. In either scenario, the oldest age obtained here, from Rumuruti, provides evidence for relatively early (similar to4.47 Ga) impact events and breccia formation on the R chondrite parent body. C1 NASA, Lyndon B Johnson Space Ctr, Houston, TX 77058 USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, C INC, MSJ514, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM edixon@lanl.gov NR 54 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1086-9379 EI 1945-5100 J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 38 IS 3 BP 341 EP 355 PG 15 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 731DC UT WOS:000185868400002 ER PT J AU Rightley, MJ Tigges, CP Givler, RC Robino, CV Mulhall, JJ Smith, PM AF Rightley, MJ Tigges, CP Givler, RC Robino, CV Mulhall, JJ Smith, PM TI Innovative wick design for multi-source, fiat plate heat pipes SO MICROELECTRONICS JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Thermal Challenges in Next Generation Electronic Systems (THERNES 02) CY JAN 13-16, 2002 CL SANTA FE, NEW MEXICO SP United Engn Fdn DE heat pipe; micro-heat pipe; IC cooling technology; dryout; porous media; high heat flux devices ID FLAT AB We present a novel micro-heat pipe wick design and fabrication technique to significantly boost the effective thermal conductivity of the heat pipe relative to the monolithic substrate material. Extensive porous flow modeling of the process has provided critical information on the key parameters and the resulting anisotropic wick designs have shown robust performance improvements. A methanol charged copper device reported in this paper showed a maximum thermal conductivity of 760 W/m K prior to dry out. This represents a 1.9 x increase over the conductivity of solid copper. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Rightley, MJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, MS 1076-Org,Bo 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 18 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY PI OXFORD PA OXFORD FULFILLMENT CENTRE THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0026-2692 J9 MICROELECTR J JI Microelectron. J. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 34 IS 3 BP 187 EP 194 DI 10.1016/S0026-2692(02)00187-8 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 655XN UT WOS:000181578100004 ER PT J AU Baig, MA Khandkar, MZH Khan, JA Khan, MA Simin, G Wang, H AF Baig, MA Khandkar, MZH Khan, JA Khan, MA Simin, G Wang, H TI A study of temperature field in a GaN heterostructure field-effect transistor SO MICROELECTRONICS JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Thermal Challenges in Next Generation Electronic Systems (THERNES 02) CY JAN 13-16, 2002 CL SANTA FE, NEW MEXICO SP United Engn Fdn DE gallium nitride; heterostructure field-effect transistor; temperature ID HEAT PIPES; HFETS AB This paper presents a three-dimensional finite element based heat transfer model for a Gallium Nitride-based Heterostructure Field-Effect Transistor (henceforth referred to as GaN HFET). Analyses were carried out to study the distribution of temperature in the HFET under steady-state conditions for two different steady-current inputs. Two different substrates for the HFET, sapphire and silicon carbide (SiC), were studied. The paper discusses the effect of using a heat sink and also that of using reasonable contact resistances on the substrate side of the HFET, on the temperature profile. In all cases, the gate region of the HFET was found to attain the highest temperature. Subsequent experiments to validate the results of the computational analysis were carried out at the Oakridge National Laboratories, Knoxville, and are also presented in this paper. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ S Carolina, Dept Mech Engn, Swearingen Engn Ctr, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Univ S Carolina, Dept Elect Engn, Swearingen Engn Ctr, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Khan, JA (reprint author), Univ S Carolina, Dept Mech Engn, Swearingen Engn Ctr, 300 S Main St, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. RI Wang, Hsin/A-1942-2013 OI Wang, Hsin/0000-0003-2426-9867 NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY PI OXFORD PA OXFORD FULFILLMENT CENTRE THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0026-2692 J9 MICROELECTR J JI Microelectron. J. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 34 IS 3 BP 207 EP 214 AR PII S0026-2692(02)00190-8 DI 10.1016/S0026-2692(02)00190-8 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 655XN UT WOS:000181578100007 ER PT J AU Arsenlis, A Tang, MJ AF Arsenlis, A Tang, MJ TI Simulations on the growth of dislocation density during Stage 0 deformation in BCC metals SO MODELLING AND SIMULATION IN MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID SINGLE-CRYSTALS; CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC TEXTURE; FOREST; PLASTICITY; EVOLUTION; FLOW AB This study focuses on modelling the behaviour of single crystal tantalum in Stage 0 characterized by the large activity of edge dislocations and relative inactivity of screw dislocations. The multiplication of dislocation density is investigated using dislocation dynamics (DD) simulations and a dislocation density based continuum model of single crystal plasticity. The DD simulations are used to guide the constitutive development of the continuum model and to determine its material specific parameters. While not all of the material constants needed by the continuum model can be determined, due to the limited strain histories considered in the simulations, interpreting the DD simulations through a dislocation mechanics based continuum plasticity model allows for the efficient extraction of scaling laws controlling the growth of dislocation density. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Arsenlis, A (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM arsenlis@llnl.gov NR 18 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0965-0393 J9 MODEL SIMUL MATER SC JI Model. Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 11 IS 2 BP 251 EP 264 AR PII S0965-0393(03)57878-0 DI 10.1088/0965-0393/11/2/309 PG 14 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 657FA UT WOS:000181653700009 ER PT J AU McGowan, KE Charles, PA AF McGowan, KE Charles, PA TI On the stability of the 421-d periodicity in A0538-66 SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE binaries : close; stars : individual; A0538-66; X-rays : stars ID RAY TRANSIENT A0538-66; X-RAY; BINARY A0538-66; SPACED DATA; OUTBURST; STATE; PHOTOMETRY; AO538-66 AB In this paper we analyse 70 years of archival Harvard and Schmidt plate data of the 16.6-d Be X-ray binary A0538-66 in order to search for the presence of the long-term period of 420.82 +/- 0.79 d found in MACHO photometry. We find evidence for a long-term period of 421.29 +/- 0.95 d in the archival data, and examine its stability. We also combine the archival and MACHO data sets in order to improve the accuracy of the orbital period determination, using a cycle-counting analysis to refine its value to 16.6460 +/- 0.0004 d. We also test the model proposed in our previous paper with observations documented in the literature for A0538-66 from 1980 to 1995, constraining the system inclination to be . C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. Univ Southampton, Dept Phys & Astron, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England. RP McGowan, KE (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 20 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 339 IS 3 BP 748 EP 756 DI 10.1046/j.1365-8711.2003.06220.x PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 647DN UT WOS:000181077300020 ER PT J AU Kumar, TSVV Krishnamurti, TN Fiorino, M Nagata, M AF Kumar, TSVV Krishnamurti, TN Fiorino, M Nagata, M TI Multimodel superensemble forecasting of tropical cyclones in the Pacific SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID SEASONAL CLIMATE; ENSEMBLE; WEATHER AB Using currently available operational forecast datasets on the tracks and intensities of tropical cyclones over the Pacific Ocean for the years 1998, 1999, and 2000 a multimodel superensemble has been constructed following the earlier work of the authors on the Atlantic hurricanes. The models included here include forecasts from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/Environmental Modeling Center [NCEP/EMC, the Aviation (AVN) and Medium-Range Forecast (MRF) Models], the U. S. Navy [Naval Operational Global Atmospheric Prediction System, (NOGAPS)], the U. K. Met Office (UKMO), and the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA). The superensemble methodology includes a collective bias estimation from a training phase in which a multiple-regression-based least squares minimization principle for the model forecasts with respect to the observed measures is employed. This is quite different from a simple bias correction, whereby a mean value is simply shifted. These bias estimates are described by separate weights at every 12 h during the forecasts for each of the member models. Superensemble forecasts for track and intensity are then constructed up to 144 h into the future using these weights. Some 100 past forecasts of tropical cyclone days are used to define the training phase for each basin. The findings presented herein show a marked improvement for the tracks and intensities of forecasts from the proposed multimodel superensemble as compared to the forecasts from member models and the ensemble mean. This note includes detailed statistics on the Pacific Ocean tropical cyclone forecasts for the years 1998, 1999, and 2000. C1 Florida State Univ, Dept Meteorol, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Program Climate Model Diag & Intercomparison, Livermore, CA USA. Japan Meteorol Agcy, Natl Typhoon Ctr, Tokyo, Japan. RP Kumar, TSVV (reprint author), Florida State Univ, Dept Meteorol, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. RI Tallapragada, Vijaya Kumar/A-2421-2008; Fiorino, Michael/N-4150-2014 OI Fiorino, Michael/0000-0002-2819-8157 NR 7 TC 50 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0027-0644 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 131 IS 3 BP 574 EP 583 PG 10 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 642AA UT WOS:000180778200009 ER PT J AU Ye, YY Biswas, R Morris, JR Bastawros, A Chandra, A AF Ye, YY Biswas, R Morris, JR Bastawros, A Chandra, A TI Molecular dynamics simulation of nanoscale machining of copper SO NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ATOMIC-SCALE FRICTION; CRYSTAL; METALS; TOOL AB Molecular dynamics simulations of the nanometric cutting of single-crystal copper were performed with the embedded atom method. The nature of material removal, chip formation, material defects and frictional forces were simulated. Nanometric cutting was found to comprise two steps: material removal as the tool machines the top surface, followed by relaxation of the work material to a low defect configuration, after the tool or abrasive particle has passed over the machined region. During nanometric cutting there is a local region of higher temperature and stress below the tool, for large cutting speeds. Relaxation anneals this excess energy and leads to lower dislocation work material. At high cutting speeds (180 m s(-1)), the machined surface is rough but the work material is dislocation free after the large excess energy has annealed the work material. At lower cutting speeds (1.8-18 m s(-1)), the machined surface is smooth, with dislocations remaining in the substrate, and there is only a small excess temperature in the work material after machining. The size of the chip grows with increasing cutting speed. C1 Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Microelect Res Ctr, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Aerosp Engn & Engn Mech, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Mech Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Ye, YY (reprint author), Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RI Bastawros, Ashraf/L-8057-2013; Morris, J/I-4452-2012; OI Bastawros, Ashraf/0000-0003-4547-8588; Morris, J/0000-0002-8464-9047; Chandra, Abhijit/0000-0002-4844-4466 NR 30 TC 86 Z9 90 U1 2 U2 17 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0957-4484 J9 NANOTECHNOLOGY JI Nanotechnology PD MAR PY 2003 VL 14 IS 3 BP 390 EP 396 AR PII S0957-4484(03)54805-X DI 10.1088/0957-4484/14/3/307 PG 7 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 664NE UT WOS:000182066500010 ER PT J AU Occelli, F Loubeyre, P Letoullec, R AF Occelli, F Loubeyre, P Letoullec, R TI Properties of diamond under hydrostatic pressures up to 140 GPa SO NATURE MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID STATE; EQUATION; CALIBRATION; TEMPERATURE; ELASTICITY; STABILITY; CARBON; GAUGE C1 CEA, DAM, DIF, Dept Phys Theor & Appliquee, F-91680 Bruyeres Le Chatel, France. RP Occelli, F (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 25 TC 214 Z9 220 U1 8 U2 49 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1476-1122 J9 NAT MATER JI Nat. Mater. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 2 IS 3 BP 151 EP 154 DI 10.1038/nmat831 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 671EM UT WOS:000182452400017 PM 12612670 ER PT J AU Nalla, RK Kinney, JH Ritchie, RO AF Nalla, RK Kinney, JH Ritchie, RO TI Mechanistic fracture criteria for the failure of human cortical bone SO NATURE MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID FINITE-ELEMENT MODELS; FATIGUE-CRACK GROWTH; TRABECULAR BONE; DIFFUSE DAMAGE; TOUGHNESS; STRESS; PREDICTION; MICROCRACKING; ORIENTATION; PROPAGATION C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Prevent & Restorat Dent Sci, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Nalla, RK (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Ritchie, Robert/A-8066-2008 OI Ritchie, Robert/0000-0002-0501-6998 FU NIDCR NIH HHS [P01DE09859] NR 32 TC 336 Z9 341 U1 10 U2 84 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1476-1122 J9 NAT MATER JI Nat. Mater. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 2 IS 3 BP 164 EP 168 DI 10.1038/nmat832 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 671EM UT WOS:000182452400020 PM 12612673 ER PT J AU Fletcher, RJ Bishop, BE Leon, RP Sclafani, RA Ogata, CM Chen, XJS AF Fletcher, RJ Bishop, BE Leon, RP Sclafani, RA Ogata, CM Chen, XJS TI The structure and function of MCM from archaeal M-thermoautotrophicum SO NATURE STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DNA HELICASE ACTIVITY; MINICHROMOSOME MAINTENANCE PROTEIN; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; REPLICATION ORIGINS; S-PHASE; COMPLEXES; ANTIGEN; YEAST; IDENTIFICATION AB Eukaryotic chromosomal DNA is licensed for replication precisely once in each cell cycle. The mini-chromosome maintenance (MCM) complex plays a role in this replication licensing. We have determined the structure of a fragment of MCM from Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum (mtMCM), a model system for eukaryotic MCM. The structure reveals a novel dodecameric architecture with a remarkably long central channel. The channel surface has an unusually high positive charge and binds DNA. We also show that the structure of the N-terminal fragment is conserved for all MCMs proteins despite highly divergent sequences, suggesting a common architecture for a similar task: gripping/remodeling DNA and regulating MCM activity. An mtMCM mutant protein equivalent to a yeast MCM5 (CDC46) protein with the bob1 mutation at its N terminus has only subtle structural changes, suggesting a Cdc7-bypass mechanism by Bob1 in yeast. Yeast bypass experiments using MCM5 mutant proteins support the hypothesis for the bypass mechanism. C1 Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Sch Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Genet, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, HHMI Beamline, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Chen, XJS (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Sch Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Genet, Denver, CO 80262 USA. OI Sclafani, Robert/0000-0002-1100-6489 NR 45 TC 223 Z9 227 U1 1 U2 16 PU NATURE AMERICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 USA SN 1072-8368 J9 NAT STRUCT BIOL JI Nat. Struct. Biol. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 10 IS 3 BP 160 EP 167 DI 10.1038/nsb893 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA 648YD UT WOS:000181178500008 PM 12548282 ER PT J AU Li, WY Rychlik, M Szidarovszky, F Chiarella, C AF Li, WY Rychlik, M Szidarovszky, F Chiarella, C TI On the attractivity of a class of homogeneous dynamic economic systems SO NONLINEAR ANALYSIS-THEORY METHODS & APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE stability; attractivity; invariant manifold; attractor; labor-managed oligopoly AB The attractivity properties of the set of equilibria of a special class of homogeneous dynamic economic systems are examined. The nonlinearity of the models and the presence of eigenvalues with zero real parts make the application of the classical theory impossible. Some principles of the modem theory of dynamical systems and invariant manifolds are applied, and the local attractivity of the set of equilibria is verified under mild conditions. As an application, special labor-managed oligopolies are investigated. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Grp T7, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Arizona, Dept Math, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Univ Arizona, Dept Syst & Ind Engn, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Univ Technol Sydney, Sch Finance & Econ, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia. RP Li, WY (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Grp T7, MS B284, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0362-546X J9 NONLINEAR ANAL-THEOR JI Nonlinear Anal.-Theory Methods Appl. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 52 IS 6 BP 1617 EP 1636 AR PII S0362-546X(02)00275-4 DI 10.1016/S0362-546X(02)00275-4 PG 20 WC Mathematics, Applied; Mathematics SC Mathematics GA 639TA UT WOS:000180644400004 ER PT J AU Feng, XB Lenhart, S Protopopescu, V Rachele, L Sutton, B AF Feng, XB Lenhart, S Protopopescu, V Rachele, L Sutton, B TI Identification problem for the wave equation with Neumann data input and Dirichlet data observations SO NONLINEAR ANALYSIS-THEORY METHODS & APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE coefficient identification; wave equation; optimal control; Dirichlet-Neumann map ID HYPERBOLIC PROBLEM; RECONSTRUCTION; STABILITY AB We seek to identify the dispersive coefficient in a wave equation with Neumann boundary conditions in a bounded space-time domain from imprecise observations of the solution on the boundary of the spatial domain (Dirichlet data). The problem is regularized and solved by casting it into an optimal control setting. By letting the "cost of the control" tend to zero, we obtain the limit of the corresponding control sequence, which we identify with the sought dispersive coefficient. The corresponding solution of the wave equation is interpreted as the possibly nonunique projection of the observation vector onto the range of the Neumann-to-Dirichlet maps corresponding to a single input Neumann data, as the dispersive coefficient is varied. Several numerical examples illustrate the merits and limitations of the procedure. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Math, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Tufts Univ, Dept Math, Medford, MA 02155 USA. Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Math, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Lenhart, S (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Math, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. NR 23 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0362-546X J9 NONLINEAR ANAL-THEOR JI Nonlinear Anal.-Theory Methods Appl. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 52 IS 7 BP 1777 EP 1795 AR PII S0362-546X(02)00295-X DI 10.1016/S0362-546X(02)00295-X PG 19 WC Mathematics, Applied; Mathematics SC Mathematics GA 646AL UT WOS:000181012600007 ER PT J AU Chu, MS Chan, VS Chance, MS Edgell, DH Garofalo, AM Glasser, AH Guo, SC Humphreys, DA Jensen, TH Kim, JS La Haye, RJ Lao, L Navratil, GA Okabayashi, M Perkins, FW Reimerdes, H St John, HE Soon, E Strait, EJ Turnbull, AD Walker, ML Wong, SK AF Chu, MS Chan, VS Chance, MS Edgell, DH Garofalo, AM Glasser, AH Guo, SC Humphreys, DA Jensen, TH Kim, JS La Haye, RJ Lao, L Navratil, GA Okabayashi, M Perkins, FW Reimerdes, H St John, HE Soon, E Strait, EJ Turnbull, AD Walker, ML Wong, SK TI Modelling of feedback and rotation stabilization of the resistive wall mode in tokamaks SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID PLASMAS AB This paper describes the modelling of the feedback control and rotational. stabilization of the resistive wall mode (RWM) in tokamaks. A normal mode theory for the feedback stabilization of the RWM has been developed for an ideal plasma with no toroidal rotation. This theory has been numerically implemented for general tokamak geometry and applied to the DIII-D tokamak. A general formulation is further developed for the feedback stabilization of a tokamak with toroidal rotation and plasma dissipation. It has been used to understand the role of the external resonant field in affecting the plasma stability and compared with the resonant field amplification phenomenon observed in DIII-D. The effectiveness of a differentially rotating resistive wall in stabilizing the RWM has also been studied numerically. It is found that for a non-circular tokamak, a wide range of flow patterns are all effective. The structure of the RWM predicted from ideal MHD theory has been compared with signals from various diagnostics. It is also projected that based on DIII-D results scaled up to the ITER-FEAT, 33 MW of 1 MeV. negative neutral beam injection will be able to sustain plasma rotation sufficient to stabilize the RWM without relying on feedback. C1 Gen Atom, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. FARTECH Inc, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Consorzio RFX, Corso State Unit 4, I-35127 Padua, Italy. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Chu, MS (reprint author), Gen Atom, POB 85608, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. OI Walker, Michael/0000-0002-4341-994X NR 13 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 4 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD MAR PY 2003 VL 43 IS 3 BP 196 EP 201 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/43/3/305 PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 661WN UT WOS:000181913000005 ER PT J AU Noterdaeme, JM Budny, R Cardinali, A Castaldo, C Cesario, R Crisanti, F DeGrassie, J D'Ippolito, DA Durodie, F Ekedahl, A Figueiredo, A Ingesson, C Joffrin, E Hartmann, D Heikkinen, J Hellsten, T Jones, T Kiptily, V Lamalle, P Litaudon, X Nguyen, F Mailloux, J Mantsinen, M Mayoral, M Mazon, D Meo, F Monakhov, I Myra, JR Pamela, J Pericoli, V Petrov, Y Sauter, O Sarazin, Y Sharapov, SE Tuccillo, AA Van Eester, D AF Noterdaeme, JM Budny, R Cardinali, A Castaldo, C Cesario, R Crisanti, F DeGrassie, J D'Ippolito, DA Durodie, F Ekedahl, A Figueiredo, A Ingesson, C Joffrin, E Hartmann, D Heikkinen, J Hellsten, T Jones, T Kiptily, V Lamalle, P Litaudon, X Nguyen, F Mailloux, J Mantsinen, M Mayoral, M Mazon, D Meo, F Monakhov, I Myra, JR Pamela, J Pericoli, V Petrov, Y Sauter, O Sarazin, Y Sharapov, SE Tuccillo, AA Van Eester, D CA JET EFDA Contributors TI Heating, current drive and energetic particle studies on JET in preparation of ITER operation SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID INTERNAL TRANSPORT BARRIERS AB This paper summarizes the recent work on JET in the three areas of heating, current drive and energetic particles. The achievements have extended the possibilities of JET, have a direct connection to ITER operation and provide new and interesting physics. Toroidal rotation profiles of plasmas heated far off axis with little or no refuelling or momentum input are hollow with only small differences on whether the power deposition is located on the low field side or on the high field side. With LH current drive the magnetic shear was varied from slightly positive to negative. The improved coupling (through the use of plasma shaping and CD4) allowed up to 3.4 MW of PLH in internal transport barrier (ITB) plasmas with more than 15 MW of combined NBI and ICRF heating. The q-profile with negative magnetic shear and the ITB could be maintained for the duration of the high heating pulse (8 s). Fast ions have been produced in JET with ICRF to simulate alpha particles: by using third harmonic He-4 heating, beam injected He-4 at 120 kV were accelerated to energies above 2 MeV taking advantage of the unique capability of JET to use NBI with 4 He and to confine MeV class ions. ICRF heating was used to replicate the dynamics of alpha heating and the control of an equivalent Q = 10 `burn' was simulated. C1 EURATOM, Max Planck Inst Plasmaphys, Garching, Germany. PPPL, Princeton, NJ USA. EURATOM, ENEA, Frascati, Italy. Gen Atom, San Diego, CA USA. Lodestar Res Corp, Boulder, CO USA. EURATOM Assoc Belgian State, LPP ERM, KMS, Brussels, Belgium. EURATOM, CEA, Cararache, France. EURATOM, IST, Lisbon, Portugal. EURATOM, FOM, Nieuwegijn, Netherlands. EURATOM, NFR, Gothenburg, Sweden. Helsinki Univ Technol, Assoc Euratom Tekes, Helsinki, Finland. Prairie View A&M Univ, Prairie View, TX USA. EURATOM, EPFL, CRPP, Lausanne, Switzerland. RP Noterdaeme, JM (reprint author), EURATOM, Max Planck Inst Plasmaphys, Garching, Germany. EM noterdaeme@ipp.mpg.de RI Figueiredo, Antonio/F-9261-2011; Meo, Fernando/A-3937-2012; Mantsinen, Mervi/B-8023-2016 OI Figueiredo, Antonio/0000-0003-0487-8956; Mantsinen, Mervi/0000-0001-9927-835X NR 35 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD MAR PY 2003 VL 43 IS 3 BP 202 EP 209 AR PII S0029-5515(03)59140-2 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/43/3/306 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 661WN UT WOS:000181913000006 ER PT J AU Harrison, M Ludlam, T Ozaki, S AF Harrison, M Ludlam, T Ozaki, S TI RHIC project overview SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE heavy; ion; collider ID CHARGED-PARTICLE MULTIPLICITY; PLUS AU COLLISIONS; ROOT-S(NN)=130 GEV; MIDRAPIDITY AB An overview of the RHIC Project, the construction and commissioning of the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider and a set of four detectors at Brookhaven National Laboratory, will be presented as the introduction to this Special Issue of Nucl. Instr. and Meth. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Ozaki, S (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM ozaki@bnl.gov NR 15 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 499 IS 2-3 BP 235 EP 244 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01937-X PG 10 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 664HK UT WOS:000182055500001 ER PT J AU Hahn, H Forsyth, E Foelsche, H Harrison, M Kewisch, J Parzen, G Peggs, S Raka, E Ruggiero, A Stevens, A Tepikian, S Thieberger, P Trbojevic, D Wei, J Willen, E Ozaki, S Lee, SY AF Hahn, H Forsyth, E Foelsche, H Harrison, M Kewisch, J Parzen, G Peggs, S Raka, E Ruggiero, A Stevens, A Tepikian, S Thieberger, P Trbojevic, D Wei, J Willen, E Ozaki, S Lee, SY TI The RHIC design overview SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE heavy; ion; collider AB The salient performance objectives for the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) are presented and the rationale for the design choices of the major collider systems is conveyed. RHIC provides collisions of heavy ions covering the entire mass range from protons to gold. For the prototypical case of Au-on-Au, one obtains energies up to 100 GeV/n per beam and luminosities of similar to2 x 10(26) cm(-2) s(-1), averaged over a 10-h storage time. Operation with polarized protons is also possible. The overall accelerator complex used for gold ions consists of the Tandem Van de Graaff, the Booster, the AGS, and the Collider itself, and the scenario for the beam transfer between machines is described. The two separate collider rings cross at six interaction points, where the lattice design provides low-beta insertions for maximum luminosity. The interaction diamond length of < 20 cm rms is achieved by bunched beam operation and holding the 56 bunches in a 197 MHz radio-frequency (RF) system after their acceleration in a 28 MHz RF system. The rings are constructed with superconducting magnets, which have a cold bore aperture of 6.9 cm in the arcs. The RHIC specific design challenges posed by intrabeam scattering of heavy ions, passage through transition energy with slow-ramping superconducting magnets, and control of magnetic errors in the low-beta triplet quadrupoles are addressed. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Collider Accelerator Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Indiana Univ, Dept Phys, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. RP Hahn, H (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Collider Accelerator Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 24 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 499 IS 2-3 BP 245 EP 263 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01938-1 PG 19 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 664HK UT WOS:000182055500002 ER PT J AU Iarocci, MA Brown, D Sondericker, J Wu, KC Benson, J Farah, Y Lac, C Morgillo, A Nicoletti, A Quimby, E Rank, J Rehak, M Werner, A AF Iarocci, MA Brown, D Sondericker, J Wu, KC Benson, J Farah, Y Lac, C Morgillo, A Nicoletti, A Quimby, E Rank, J Rehak, M Werner, A TI RHIC cryogenics SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE RHIC; cryogenics; collider; accelerator AB An integrated helium cryogenic system was designed with the specific performance goal of cooling and refrigerating the cryogenic magnets to below their nominal operating temperature. These magnets make up the steering and focusing elements for the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). In addition to meeting the accelerator demands, reliability, flexibility, safety, and ease of operation were key considerations during the design phase of the project. The refrigerator, with a capacity of 25 kW at about 4 K, was originally designed to match the load for the Colliding Beam Accelerator Project. The existing refrigerator, along with its complimentary warm compressor system was reconfigured slightly to meet the cooling process cycle design for RHIC. The original VAX based process control system was also adapted for RHIC, and later expanded upon to integrate a new programmable logic controller based ring resident control system, hence forming a common system to monitor and control all cryogenic components. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Collider Accelerator Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Iarocci, MA (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Collider Accelerator Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 499 IS 2-3 BP 264 EP 279 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01939-3 PG 16 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 664HK UT WOS:000182055500003 ER PT J AU Anerella, M Cottingham, J Cozzolino, J Dahl, P Elisman, Y Escallier, J Foelsche, H Ganetis, G Garber, M Ghosh, A Goodzeit, C Greene, A Gupta, R Harrison, M Herrera, J Jain, A Kahn, S Kelly, E Killian, E Lindner, M Louie, W Marone, A Morgan, G Morgillo, A Mulhall, S Muratore, J Plate, S Prodell, A Rehak, M Rohrer, E Sampson, W Schmalzle, J Schneider, W Shutt, R Sintchak, G Skaritka, J Thomas, R Thompson, P Wanderer, P Willen, E AF Anerella, M Cottingham, J Cozzolino, J Dahl, P Elisman, Y Escallier, J Foelsche, H Ganetis, G Garber, M Ghosh, A Goodzeit, C Greene, A Gupta, R Harrison, M Herrera, J Jain, A Kahn, S Kelly, E Killian, E Lindner, M Louie, W Marone, A Morgan, G Morgillo, A Mulhall, S Muratore, J Plate, S Prodell, A Rehak, M Rohrer, E Sampson, W Schmalzle, J Schneider, W Shutt, R Sintchak, G Skaritka, J Thomas, R Thompson, P Wanderer, P Willen, E TI The RHIC magnet system SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE accelerator magnets; superconducting magnets; helical magnets; RHIC magnets; magnet field quality AB The magnet system of the collider consists of superconducting dipole, quadrupole and correction magnets for guiding and focusing the beams through the regular arcs of the machine lattice as well as into collision at the six interaction points. It is designed to allow operation in the energy range 30-100 GeV/u. Operation with either equal or unequal ion species in the colliding beams is possible, imposing a ratio of up to 2.5:1 in the magnetic fields of the two rings. There are 1740 superconducting magnets in the machine. They were designed to meet stringent requirements on field quality, reproducibility, and long-term reliability while being inexpensive to produce. Wherever feasible, production of magnets and components was carried out in industry, always with build-to-print designs. After several years of operation, no magnet has failed and the magnet system has proven reliable and functional. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Wanderer, P (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 62 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 499 IS 2-3 BP 280 EP 315 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01940-X PG 36 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 664HK UT WOS:000182055500004 ER PT J AU Bruno, D Eng, W Feng, PK Ganetis, G Lambiase, RF Louie, W AF Bruno, D Eng, W Feng, PK Ganetis, G Lambiase, RF Louie, W TI RHIC magnet electrical system SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE superconducting magnet power supply; quench detection; quench protection AB the RHIC magnet electrical system consists primarily of the power converters that are used to energize the superconducting magnets in the collider ring, the power distribution system (both room temperature and superconducting) to deliver that power from the converters to the magnets, a detection system to monitor for quenches in the magnets and superconducting cables, and a protection system to remove power from the superconductors if a quench is detected. This system also has major interfaces with the Control System for commands, status monitoring, current setting and analog monitoring of the power supplies, and with Conventional Facilities for power distribution of the mains at and below the 480VAC level. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Collider Accelerator Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Ganetis, G (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Collider Accelerator Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Lambiase, Robert/E-1934-2013 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 499 IS 2-3 BP 316 EP 348 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01941-1 PG 33 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 664HK UT WOS:000182055500005 ER PT J AU Burns, R Hseuh, HC Lee, RC McIntyre, G Pate, D Smart, L Sondericker, J Weiss, D Welch, K AF Burns, R Hseuh, HC Lee, RC McIntyre, G Pate, D Smart, L Sondericker, J Weiss, D Welch, K TI The RHIC vacuum systems SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE accelerator vacuum; ultrahigh vacuum; insulating vacuum; superconducting magnets; heavy ion accelerator ID HELIUM AB There are three vacuum systems in RHIC: the insulating vacuum vessels housing the superconducting magnets, the cold beam tubes surrounded by the superconducting magnets, and the warm beam tube sections at the insertion regions and the experimental regions. These systems have a cumulative length over 10 km and a total volume over 3000 m(3). Conventional ultrahigh vacuum technology was used in the design and construction of the cold and warm beam vacuum systems with great success. The long and large insulating vacuum volumes without vacuum barriers require careful management of the welding and leak checking of the numerous helium line joints. There are about 1500 vacuum gauges and pumps serial-linked to eight PLCs distributed around RHIC, which allow the monitoring and control of these devices through Ethernet networks to remote control consoles. With the exception of helium leaks through the cryogenic valve boxes into the insulating vacuum volumes, the RHIC vacuum systems have performed well beyond expectations. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Collider Accelerator Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Hseuh, HC (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Collider Accelerator Dept, Bldg 817, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 499 IS 2-3 BP 349 EP 355 AR PII S0168-9002(02)01942-3 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01942-3 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 664HK UT WOS:000182055500006 ER PT J AU Barton, DS Binello, S Buxton, W Clifford, T D'Ottavio, T Hartmann, H Hoff, LT Katz, R Kennell, S Kerner, T Laster, J Lee, RC Marusic, A Michnoff, R Morris, J Oerter, BR Olsen, R Piacentino, J Skelly, JF AF Barton, DS Binello, S Buxton, W Clifford, T D'Ottavio, T Hartmann, H Hoff, LT Katz, R Kennell, S Kerner, T Laster, J Lee, RC Marusic, A Michnoff, R Morris, J Oerter, BR Olsen, R Piacentino, J Skelly, JF TI RHIC control system SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE control systems; accelerator controls AB The RHIC control system architecture is hierarchical and consists of two physical layers with a fiber-optic network connection. The Front-End Level systems consist of VME chassis with processors running a real-time operating system and both VME I/O modules and remote bus interfaces. Accelerator device software interfaces are implemented as objects in C++. The network implementation uses high speed, switched Ethernet technology Specialized hardware modules were built for waveform control of power supplies, multiplexed signal acquisition, and timing services; The Console Level systems are Unix workstations. A strong emphasis has been given to developing highly reusable, standard software tools for use in building physics and diagnostic application software. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Collider Accelerator Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Barton, DS (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Collider Accelerator Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 499 IS 2-3 BP 356 EP 371 AR PII S0168-9002(02)01943-5 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01943-5 PG 16 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 664HK UT WOS:000182055500007 ER PT J AU Bai, M Cameron, P Cerniglia, P Connolly, R Cupolo, J Degen, C Drees, A Fliller, R Gassner, D Mead, J Ptitsyn, V Satogata, T Shea, T Sikora, R Thompson, P Witkover, R AF Bai, M Cameron, P Cerniglia, P Connolly, R Cupolo, J Degen, C Drees, A Fliller, R Gassner, D Mead, J Ptitsyn, V Satogata, T Shea, T Sikora, R Thompson, P Witkover, R TI RHIC beam instrumentation SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE accelerator; RHIC; instrumentation; position monitor; loss monitor; current monitor; luminosity monitor AB RHIC instrumentation systems must accurately characterize diverse beams of up to 110 bunches in each of the two collider rings, ranging from 10(11) protons/bunch at 250 GeV to 10(9) Au+79 ions/bunch at 100 GeV/nucleon, as well as lower-intensity commissioning and pilot bunches. The collider instrumentation includes: 667 beam position monitor (BPM) channels, 363 beam loss monitor (BLM) channels, wall current monitors, DC current transformers, ionization profile monitors, tune measurement devices, and resonant Schottky monitors. Collider instrumentation is also used in the AGS-to-RHIC transfer line, including 52 BPM channels, 56 BLM channels, 5 fast integrating current transformers, and 12 video beam profile monitors (RHIC Design Manual, April 1998; Proceedings of the' 98 Beam Instrumentation Workshop, 1998). Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Collider Accelerator Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Satogata, T (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Collider Accelerator Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 21 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 499 IS 2-3 BP 372 EP 387 AR PII S0168-9002(02)01944-7 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01944-7 PG 16 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 664HK UT WOS:000182055500008 ER PT J AU Etkin, A Williams, T Musselino, S Robinson, T Frankel, B Heyder, R AF Etkin, A Williams, T Musselino, S Robinson, T Frankel, B Heyder, R TI The RHIC personnel safety system SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Collider Accelerator Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Etkin, A (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Collider Accelerator Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 499 IS 2-3 BP 388 EP 391 AR PII s0168-9002(02)01945-9 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01945-9 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 664HK UT WOS:000182055500009 ER PT J AU Alekseev, I Allgower, C Bai, M Batygin, Y Bozano, L Brown, K Bunce, G Cameron, P Courant, E Erin, S Escallier, J Fischer, W Gupta, R Hatanaka, K Huang, H Imai, K Ishihara, M Jain, A Lehrach, A Kanavets, V Katayama, T Kawaguchi, T Kelly, E Kurita, K Lee, SY Luccio, A MacKay, WW Mahler, G Makdisi, Y Mariam, F McGahern, W Morgan, G Muratore, J Okamura, M Peggs, S Pilat, F Ptitsin, V Ratner, L Roser, T Saito, N Satoh, H Shatunov, Y Spinka, H Syphers, M Tepikian, S Tominaka, T Tsoupas, N Underwood, D Vasiliev, A Wanderer, P Willen, E Wu, H Yokosawa, A Zelenski, AN AF Alekseev, I Allgower, C Bai, M Batygin, Y Bozano, L Brown, K Bunce, G Cameron, P Courant, E Erin, S Escallier, J Fischer, W Gupta, R Hatanaka, K Huang, H Imai, K Ishihara, M Jain, A Lehrach, A Kanavets, V Katayama, T Kawaguchi, T Kelly, E Kurita, K Lee, SY Luccio, A MacKay, WW Mahler, G Makdisi, Y Mariam, F McGahern, W Morgan, G Muratore, J Okamura, M Peggs, S Pilat, F Ptitsin, V Ratner, L Roser, T Saito, N Satoh, H Shatunov, Y Spinka, H Syphers, M Tepikian, S Tominaka, T Tsoupas, N Underwood, D Vasiliev, A Wanderer, P Willen, E Wu, H Yokosawa, A Zelenski, AN TI Polarized proton collider at RHIC SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE RHIC; polarized protons; accelerator; collider; synchrotron; storage ring; Siberian snake; spin rotator; helical dipole magnet; beam transport; polarimetry ID SPIN; ACCELERATION; RESONANCE AB In addition to heavy ion collisions (RHIC Design Manual, Brookhaven National Laboratory), RHIC will also collide intense beams of polarized protons (I. Alekseev, et al., Design Manual Polarized Proton Collider at RHIC, Brookhaven National Laboratory, 1998 [2]), reaching transverse energies where the protons scatter as beams of polarized quarks and gluons. The study of high energy polarized protons beams has been a long term part of the program at BNL with the development of polarized beams in the Booster and AGS rings for fixed target experiments. We have extended this capability to the RHIC machine. In this paper we describe the design and methods for achieving collisions of both longitudinal and transverse polarized protons in RHIC at energies up to roots = 500 GeV. (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. ITEP B, Moscow 117259, Russia. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60539 USA. RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 35101, Japan. IBM Corp, Almaden Res Ctr, San Jose, CA 95120 USA. IHEP, Protvino, Russia. Osaka Univ, Res Ctr Nucl Phys, Osaka 5670047, Japan. Kyoto Univ, Sakyo Ku, Kyoto, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Ctr Nucl Study, Tokyo, Japan. Forschungzentrum Julich, Inst Kernphys, Julich, Germany. Indiana Univ, IUCF, Bloomington, IN USA. KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. Acad Lavrentiev Prospect 2, BINP, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP MacKay, WW (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. OI Lehrach, Andreas/0000-0002-6991-2257 NR 44 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 499 IS 2-3 BP 392 EP 414 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01946-0 PG 23 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 664HK UT WOS:000182055500010 ER PT J AU Ahrens, L Bai, M Blaskiewicz, M Brennan, M Cameron, P Connolly, R Drees, A Fischer, W Hiller, R Gassner, D Kewisch, J Peggs, S Pilat, F Ptitsyn, V Roser, T Satogata, T Tepikian, S Trbojevic, D van Zeijts, J AF Ahrens, L Bai, M Blaskiewicz, M Brennan, M Cameron, P Connolly, R Drees, A Fischer, W Hiller, R Gassner, D Kewisch, J Peggs, S Pilat, F Ptitsyn, V Roser, T Satogata, T Tepikian, S Trbojevic, D van Zeijts, J TI Commissioning results and applications SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article AB This section describes both: successful commissioning of RHIC and the state of the art RHIC accelerator physics tools/applications. The commissioning provided collisions of the fully stripped gold ions at a beam energy of 65 GeV/ nucleon in all four experiments "STAR", "PHENIX", "PHOBOS", and "BRAHMS". They collected more than 3 mub(-1) of data. Measurements of betatron and dispersion functions have shown excellent agreement with predictions. Diagnostic results from tune-meter, wall current monitor, chromaticity, decoupling measurements, ionization beam profile monitor, Schottky monitors, etc. are shown. Progress towards stable gold ion beam stores with optimized luminosity is described [Proceedings of the HEACC2001 The 18th International Conference On High Energy Accelerators, March 26-30, 2001, Tsukuba, Japan, March, 2001]. Few major commissioning challenges are described first. The most important results, from some of the RHIC systems, are shown in the next section. In the following section bringing beams from two separate "blue" and "yellow" rings into collisions and measurements during long beam stores are described. In the summary part necessary steps and commissioning of additional systems during the next RHIC-2001 run are mentioned. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Collider Accelerator Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Trbojevic, D (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Collider Accelerator Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 499 IS 2-3 BP 415 EP 427 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01947-2 PG 13 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 664HK UT WOS:000182055500011 ER PT J AU Ludlam, T AF Ludlam, T TI Overview of experiments and detectors at RHIC SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Ludlam, T (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 2 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 499 IS 2-3 BP 428 EP 432 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01948-4 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 664HK UT WOS:000182055500012 ER PT J AU Adler, C Denisov, A Garcia, E Murray, M Strobele, H White, S AF Adler, C Denisov, A Garcia, E Murray, M Strobele, H White, S TI The RHIC zero-degree calorimeters SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE heavy ions; calorimeter; luminosity ID COLLISIONS AB The RHIC zero-degree calorimeters provide common event characterization in the four heavy ion experiments which recently completed their first data taking run. Here, we describe simulations which lead to the design of these devices, teastbeam performance and initial experience at RHIC. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Frankfurt, IKF, D-6000 Frankfurt, Germany. IHEP, Protvino, Russia. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Texas A&M Cyclotron, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP White, S (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 3 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 499 IS 2-3 BP 433 EP 436 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(00)01238-9 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 664HK UT WOS:000182055500013 ER PT J AU Adamczyk, M Antvorskov, L Ashktorab, K Asselta, K Baker, E Bearden, IG Beavis, D Besliu, C Blyakhman, Y Brzychczyk, J Budick, B Boggild, H Chasman, C Christensen, CH Christiansen, P Cibor, J Debbe, R Diaz, H Dutka, L Engelhardt, J Gaardhoje, JJ Grotowski, K Hagel, K Hammond, J Hansen, JC Hansen, O Holm, A Holme, AK Ito, H Jakobsen, E Jipa, A Jordre, JI Jundt, F Jorgensen, CE Justice, M Kajetanowicz, M Keutgen, T Kim, EJ Kotula, E Kozik, T Larsen, TM Lindegaard, N Lee, JH Lee, YK Lovhoiden, G Majka, Z Makeev, A McBreen, E Murray, M Natowitz, J Nielsen, BS Olchanski, K Olness, J Olsen, EK Ouerdane, D Pearson, C Pena, K Phillips, D Planeta, R Rami, F Rasmussen, OB Rohrich, D Samset, BH Sanders, SJ Scheetz, RA Sorensen, J Sosin, Z Staszel, P Thorsteinsen, TF Tveter, TS Videbaek, F Wada, R Westergaard, J Wieloch, A Zgura, IS AF Adamczyk, M Antvorskov, L Ashktorab, K Asselta, K Baker, E Bearden, IG Beavis, D Besliu, C Blyakhman, Y Brzychczyk, J Budick, B Boggild, H Chasman, C Christensen, CH Christiansen, P Cibor, J Debbe, R Diaz, H Dutka, L Engelhardt, J Gaardhoje, JJ Grotowski, K Hagel, K Hammond, J Hansen, JC Hansen, O Holm, A Holme, AK Ito, H Jakobsen, E Jipa, A Jordre, JI Jundt, F Jorgensen, CE Justice, M Kajetanowicz, M Keutgen, T Kim, EJ Kotula, E Kozik, T Larsen, TM Lindegaard, N Lee, JH Lee, YK Lovhoiden, G Majka, Z Makeev, A McBreen, E Murray, M Natowitz, J Nielsen, BS Olchanski, K Olness, J Olsen, EK Ouerdane, D Pearson, C Pena, K Phillips, D Planeta, R Rami, F Rasmussen, OB Rohrich, D Samset, BH Sanders, SJ Scheetz, RA Sorensen, J Sosin, Z Staszel, P Thorsteinsen, TF Tveter, TS Videbaek, F Wada, R Westergaard, J Wieloch, A Zgura, IS TI The BRAHMS experiment at RHIC SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE spectrometer; relativistic heavy ions; particle ID ID HEAVY-ION EXPERIMENTS; AU+AU COLLISIONS; SPECTROMETER; DETECTOR; SYSTEM AB The BRAHMS experiment at RHIC was conceived to pursue the understanding of nuclear matter under extreme conditions by detailed measurements of charged hadrons over the widest possible range of rapidity and transverse momentum. The experiment consists of two spectrometers with complementary charged hadron detection capabilities as well as a series of global detectors for event characterization. A series of tracking detectors, time-of-flight arms and Cherenkov detectors enables momentum determination and particle identification over a wide range of rapidity and transverse momentum. Technical details and performance results are presented for the various detector subsystems. The performance of the entire system working together is shown to meet the goals of the experiment. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Texas A&M Univ, Inst Cyclotron, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Jagiellonian Univ, M Smoluchowski Inst Phys, Krakow, Poland. Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania. NYU, New York, NY 10003 USA. H Niewodniczanski Inst Nucl Phys, Krakow, Poland. Univ Oslo, Dept Phys, Oslo, Norway. Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. Univ Bergen, Dept Phys, Bergen, Norway. Univ Strasbourg 1, Inst Rech Subatom, Strasbourg, France. Nowoczesna Elektron, Krakow, Poland. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RP Hagel, K (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Inst Cyclotron, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RI Christensen, Christian Holm/A-4901-2010; Christensen, Christian/D-6461-2012; Bearden, Ian/M-4504-2014; Nielsen, Borge S/C-3719-2015; OI Christensen, Christian Holm/0000-0002-1850-0121; Christensen, Christian/0000-0002-1850-0121; Bearden, Ian/0000-0003-2784-3094; Christiansen, Peter/0000-0001-7066-3473; Nielsen, Borge S/0000-0002-0091-1934; Gaardhoje, Jens-Jorgen/0000-0001-6122-4698 NR 20 TC 111 Z9 111 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 499 IS 2-3 BP 437 EP 468 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01949-6 PG 32 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 664HK UT WOS:000182055500014 ER PT J AU Adcox, K Adler, SS Aizama, M Ajitanand, NN Akiba, Y Akikawa, H Alexander, J Al-Jamel, A Allen, M Alley, G Amirikas, R Aphecetche, L Arai, Y Archuleta, JB Archuleta, JR Armendariz, R Armijo, V Aronson, SH Autrey, D Averbeck, R Awes, TC Azmoun, B Baldisseri, A Banning, J Barish, KN Barker, AB Barnes, PD Barrette, J Barta, F Bassalleck, B Bathe, S Batsouli, S Baublis, VV Bazilevsky, A Begay, R Behrendt, J Belikov, S Belkin, R Bellaiche, FG Belyaev, ST Bennett, MJ Berdnikov, Y Bhaganatula, S Biggs, JC Bland, AW Blume, C Bobrek, M Boissevain, JG Boose, S Borel, H Borland, D Bosze, E Botelho, S Bowers, J Britton, C Britton, L Brooks, ML Brown, AW Brown, DS Bruner, N Bryan, WL Bucher, D Buesching, H Bumazhnov, V Bunce, G Burward-Hoy, J Butsyk, SA Cafferty, MM Carey, TA Chai, JS Chand, P Chang, J Chang, WC Chappell, RB Chavez, LL Chernichenko, S Chiu, CY Chiba, J Chiu, M Chollet, S Choudhury, RK Christ, T Chujo, T Chung, MS Chung, P Cianciolo, V Clark, DJ Cobigo, Y Cole, BA Constantin, P Conway, R Cook, KC Crook, DW Cunitz, H Cunningham, R Cutshaw, M D'Enterria, DG Dabrowski, CM Danby, G Daniels, S Danmura, A David, G Debraine, A Delagrange, H DeMoss, J Denisov, A Deshpande, A Desmond, EJ Dietzsch, O Dinesh, BV Drachenberg, JL Drapier, O Drees, A du Rietz, R Durum, A Dutta, D Ebisu, K Echave, MA Efremenko, YV El Chenawi, K Emery, MS Engo, D Enokizono, A Enosawa, K En'yo, H Ericson, N Esumi, S Evseev, VA Ewell, L Fackler, O Fellenstein, J Ferdousi, T Ferrierra, J Fields, DE Fleuret, F Fokin, SL Fox, B Fraenkel, Z Frank, S Franz, A Frantz, JE Frawley, AD Fried, J Freidberg, JP Fujisawa, E Funahashi, H Fung, SY Gadrat, S Gannon, J Garpman, S Gastaldi, F Gee, TF Gentry, R Ghosh, TK Giannotti, P Glenn, A Godoi, AL Gonin, M Gogiberidze, G Gosset, J Goto, Y de Cassagnac, RG Greene, SV Griffin, V Perdekamp, MG Gupta, SK Guryn, W Gustafsson, HA Hachiya, T Haggerty, JS Hahn, S Halliwell, J Hamagaki, H Hance, RH Hansen, AG Hara, H Harder, J Hart, GW Hartouni, EP Harvey, A Hawkins, L Hayano, RS Hayashi, H Hayashi, N He, X Heine, N Heistermann, F Held, S Hemmick, TK Heuser, JM Hibino, M Hicks, JS Higuchi, R Hill, JC Hirano, T Ho, DS Hoade, R Holzmann, W Homma, K Hong, B Hoover, A Honaguchi, T Hunter, CT Hurst, DE Hutter, R Ichihara, T Ikonnikov, VV Imai, K Inaba, M Ippolitov, MS Isenhower, LD Isenhower, LD Ishihara, M Issah, M Ivanov, VI Jacak, BV Jackson, G Jackson, J Jaffe, D Jagadish, U Jang, WY Jayakumar, R Jia, J Johnson, BM Johnson, J Johnson, SC Jones, JP Jones, K Joo, KS Jouan, D Kahn, S Kajihara, F Kametani, S Kamihara, N Kamyshkov, Y Kandasamy, A Kang, JH Kann, MR Kapoor, SS Kapustinsky, J Karadjev, KV Kashikhin, V Kato, S Katou, K Kehayias, HJ Kelley, MA Kelly, S Kennedy, M Khachaturov, B Khanzadeev, AV Khomutnikov, A Kikuchi, J Kim, DJ Kim, DW Kim, GB Kim, HJ Kim, SY Kim, YG Kinnison, WW Kistenev, E Kiyomichi, A Klein-Boesing, C Klinksiek, S Kluberg, L Kobayashi, H Kochetkov, V Koehler, D Kohama, T Komkov, BG Kopytine, ML Koseki, K Kotchenda, L Kotchetkov, D Koutcheryaev, IA Kozlov, A Kozlov, VS Kravtsov, PA Kroon, PJ Kuberg, CH Kudin, LG Kurata-Nishimura, M Kuriatkov, VV Kurita, K Kuroki, Y Kweon, MJ Kwon, Y Kyle, GS LaBounty, JJ Lacey, R Lajoie, JG Lauret, J Lebedev, A Lebedev, VA Lebedev, VD Lee, DM Lee, S Leitch, M Lenz, M Lenz, W Li, XH Li, Z Libby, B Libkind, M Liccardi, W Lim, DJ Lin, S Liu, MX Liu, X Liu, Y Liu, Z Lockner, E Longbotham, N Lopez, JD Machnowski, R Maguire, CF Mahon, J Makdisi, YI Manko, VI Mao, Y Marino, S Mark, SK Markacs, S Markushin, DG Martinez, G Martinez, XB Marx, MD Masaike, A Matathias, F Matsumoto, T McGaughey, PL McCain, MC Mead, J Melnikov, E Melnikov, Y Meng, WZ Merschmeyer, M Messer, F Messer, M Miake, Y Miftakhov, NM Migluolio, S Milan, J Miller, TE Milov, A Minuzzo, K Mioduszewski, S Mischke, RE Mishra, GC Mitchell, JT Miyamoto, Y Mohanty, AK Montoya, BC Moore, A Moore, T Morrison, DP Moscone, GG Moss, JM Muhlbacher, F Muniruzzaman, M Murata, J Murray, MM Musrock, M Nagamiya, S Nagasaka, Y Nagle, JL Nakada, Y Nakamura, T Nandi, BK Negrin, J Newby, J Nikkinen, L Nikolaev, SA Nilsson, P Nishimura, S Nyanin, AS Nystrand, J O'Brien, E O'Conner, P Obenshain, F Ogilvie, CA Ohnishi, H Ojha, ID Ono, M Onuchin, V Oskarsson, A Osterman, L Otterlund, I Oyama, K Paffrath, L Palounek, APT Pancake, CE Pantuev, VS Papavassiliou, V Pate, SF Peitzmann, T Petersen, R Petridis, AN Pinkenburg, CH Pisani, RP Pitukhin, P Plagge, T Plasil, F Pollack, M Pope, K Prigl, R Purschke, ML Purwar, AK Qualls, JM Rankowitz, S Rao, G Rao, R Rau, M Ravinovich, I Raynis, R Read, KF Reygers, K Riabov, G Riabov, VG Riabov, YG Robinson, SH Roche, G Romana, A Rosati, M Roschin, EV Rose, AA Rosnet, P Roth, R Ruggiero, R Ryu, SS Saito, N Sakaguchi, A Sakaguchi, T Sakai, S Sako, H Sakuma, T Salomone, S Samsonov, VM Sandhoff, WF Sanfratello, L Sangster, TC Santo, R Sato, HD Sato, S Savino, R Sawada, S Schlei, BR Schleuter, R Schutz, Y Sekimoto, M Semenov, V Seto, R Severgin, Y Shajii, A Shangin, V Shaw, MR Shea, TK Shein, I Shelikhov, V Shibata, TA Shigaki, K Shiina, T Shimada, T Shin, YH Sibiriak, IG Silvermyr, D Sim, KS Simon-Gillo, J Simpson, M Singh, CP Singh, V Sippach, W Sivertz, M Skank, HD Skutnik, S Sleege, GA Smith, DC Smith, GD Smith, M Soldatov, A Solodov, GP Soltz, RA Sondheim, WE Sorensen, S Sourikova, I Staley, F Stankus, PW Starinsky, N Steffens, S Stein, EM Steinberg, P Stenlund, E Stepanov, M Ster, A Stewering, J Stokes, W Stoll, SP Sugioka, M Sugitate, T Sullivan, JP Sumi, Y Sun, Z Suzuki-Nara, M Takagui, EM Taketani, A Tamai, M Tanaka, KH Tanaka, Y Taniguchi, E Tannenbaum, MJ Tarakanov, VI Tarasenkova, OP Tepe, JD Thern, R Thomas, JH Thomas, JL Thomas, TL Thomas, WD Thornton, GW Tian, W Todd, R Tojo, J Toldo, F Torii, H Towell, RS Tradeski, J Trofimov, VA Tserruya, I Tsuruoka, H Tsvetkov, AA Tulli, SK Turner, G Tydesjo, H Tyurin, N Urasawa, S Usachev, A Ushiroda, T van Hecke, HW Van Lith, M Vasiliev, AA Vasiliev, V Vassent, M Velissaris, C Velkovska, J Velkovsky, M Verhoeven, W Villatte, L Vinogradov, AA Vishnevskii, VI Volkov, MA Von Achen, W Vorobyov, AA Vznuzdaev, EA Vznuzdaev, M Walker, JW Wan, Y Wang, HQ Wang, S Watanabe, Y Watkins, LC Weimer, T White, SN Whitus, BR Williams, C Willis, PS Wintenberg, AL Witzig, C Wohn, FK Wolniewicz, K Wong-Swanson, BG Wood, L Woody, CL Wright, LW Wu, J Xie, W Xu, N Yagi, K Yamamoto, R Yang, Y Yokkaichi, S Yokota, Y Yoneyama, S Young, GR Yushmanov, IE Zajc, WA Zhang, C Zhang, L Zhang, Z Zhou, S AF Adcox, K Adler, SS Aizama, M Ajitanand, NN Akiba, Y Akikawa, H Alexander, J Al-Jamel, A Allen, M Alley, G Amirikas, R Aphecetche, L Arai, Y Archuleta, JB Archuleta, JR Armendariz, R Armijo, V Aronson, SH Autrey, D Averbeck, R Awes, TC Azmoun, B Baldisseri, A Banning, J Barish, KN Barker, AB Barnes, PD Barrette, J Barta, F Bassalleck, B Bathe, S Batsouli, S Baublis, VV Bazilevsky, A Begay, R Behrendt, J Belikov, S Belkin, R Bellaiche, FG Belyaev, ST Bennett, MJ Berdnikov, Y Bhaganatula, S Biggs, JC Bland, AW Blume, C Bobrek, M Boissevain, JG Boose, S Borel, H Borland, D Bosze, E Botelho, S Bowers, J Britton, C Britton, L Brooks, ML Brown, AW Brown, DS Bruner, N Bryan, WL Bucher, D Buesching, H Bumazhnov, V Bunce, G Burward-Hoy, J Butsyk, SA Cafferty, MM Carey, TA Chai, JS Chand, P Chang, J Chang, WC Chappell, RB Chavez, LL Chernichenko, S Chiu, CY Chiba, J Chiu, M Chollet, S Choudhury, RK Christ, T Chujo, T Chung, MS Chung, P Cianciolo, V Clark, DJ Cobigo, Y Cole, BA Constantin, P Conway, R Cook, KC Crook, DW Cunitz, H Cunningham, R Cutshaw, M D'Enterria, DG Dabrowski, CM Danby, G Daniels, S Danmura, A David, G Debraine, A Delagrange, H DeMoss, J Denisov, A Deshpande, A Desmond, EJ Dietzsch, O Dinesh, BV Drachenberg, JL Drapier, O Drees, A du Rietz, R Durum, A Dutta, D Ebisu, K Echave, MA Efremenko, YV El Chenawi, K Emery, MS Engo, D Enokizono, A Enosawa, K En'yo, H Ericson, N Esumi, S Evseev, VA Ewell, L Fackler, O Fellenstein, J Ferdousi, T Ferrierra, J Fields, DE Fleuret, F Fokin, SL Fox, B Fraenkel, Z Frank, S Franz, A Frantz, JE Frawley, AD Fried, J Freidberg, JP Fujisawa, E Funahashi, H Fung, SY Gadrat, S Gannon, J Garpman, S Gastaldi, F Gee, TF Gentry, R Ghosh, TK Giannotti, P Glenn, A Godoi, AL Gonin, M Gogiberidze, G Gosset, J Goto, Y de Cassagnac, RG Greene, SV Griffin, V Perdekamp, MG Gupta, SK Guryn, W Gustafsson, HA Hachiya, T Haggerty, JS Hahn, S Halliwell, J Hamagaki, H Hance, RH Hansen, AG Hara, H Harder, J Hart, GW Hartouni, EP Harvey, A Hawkins, L Hayano, RS Hayashi, H Hayashi, N He, X Heine, N Heistermann, F Held, S Hemmick, TK Heuser, JM Hibino, M Hicks, JS Higuchi, R Hill, JC Hirano, T Ho, DS Hoade, R Holzmann, W Homma, K Hong, B Hoover, A Honaguchi, T Hunter, CT Hurst, DE Hutter, R Ichihara, T Ikonnikov, VV Imai, K Inaba, M Ippolitov, MS Isenhower, LD Isenhower, LD Ishihara, M Issah, M Ivanov, VI Jacak, BV Jackson, G Jackson, J Jaffe, D Jagadish, U Jang, WY Jayakumar, R Jia, J Johnson, BM Johnson, J Johnson, SC Jones, JP Jones, K Joo, KS Jouan, D Kahn, S Kajihara, F Kametani, S Kamihara, N Kamyshkov, Y Kandasamy, A Kang, JH Kann, MR Kapoor, SS Kapustinsky, J Karadjev, KV Kashikhin, V Kato, S Katou, K Kehayias, HJ Kelley, MA Kelly, S Kennedy, M Khachaturov, B Khanzadeev, AV Khomutnikov, A Kikuchi, J Kim, DJ Kim, DW Kim, GB Kim, HJ Kim, SY Kim, YG Kinnison, WW Kistenev, E Kiyomichi, A Klein-Boesing, C Klinksiek, S Kluberg, L Kobayashi, H Kochetkov, V Koehler, D Kohama, T Komkov, BG Kopytine, ML Koseki, K Kotchenda, L Kotchetkov, D Koutcheryaev, IA Kozlov, A Kozlov, VS Kravtsov, PA Kroon, PJ Kuberg, CH Kudin, LG Kurata-Nishimura, M Kuriatkov, VV Kurita, K Kuroki, Y Kweon, MJ Kwon, Y Kyle, GS LaBounty, JJ Lacey, R Lajoie, JG Lauret, J Lebedev, A Lebedev, VA Lebedev, VD Lee, DM Lee, S Leitch, M Lenz, M Lenz, W Li, XH Li, Z Libby, B Libkind, M Liccardi, W Lim, DJ Lin, S Liu, MX Liu, X Liu, Y Liu, Z Lockner, E Longbotham, N Lopez, JD Machnowski, R Maguire, CF Mahon, J Makdisi, YI Manko, VI Mao, Y Marino, S Mark, SK Markacs, S Markushin, DG Martinez, G Martinez, XB Marx, MD Masaike, A Matathias, F Matsumoto, T McGaughey, PL McCain, MC Mead, J Melnikov, E Melnikov, Y Meng, WZ Merschmeyer, M Messer, F Messer, M Miake, Y Miftakhov, NM Migluolio, S Milan, J Miller, TE Milov, A Minuzzo, K Mioduszewski, S Mischke, RE Mishra, GC Mitchell, JT Miyamoto, Y Mohanty, AK Montoya, BC Moore, A Moore, T Morrison, DP Moscone, GG Moss, JM Muhlbacher, F Muniruzzaman, M Murata, J Murray, MM Musrock, M Nagamiya, S Nagasaka, Y Nagle, JL Nakada, Y Nakamura, T Nandi, BK Negrin, J Newby, J Nikkinen, L Nikolaev, SA Nilsson, P Nishimura, S Nyanin, AS Nystrand, J O'Brien, E O'Conner, P Obenshain, F Ogilvie, CA Ohnishi, H Ojha, ID Ono, M Onuchin, V Oskarsson, A Osterman, L Otterlund, I Oyama, K Paffrath, L Palounek, APT Pancake, CE Pantuev, VS Papavassiliou, V Pate, SF Peitzmann, T Petersen, R Petridis, AN Pinkenburg, CH Pisani, RP Pitukhin, P Plagge, T Plasil, F Pollack, M Pope, K Prigl, R Purschke, ML Purwar, AK Qualls, JM Rankowitz, S Rao, G Rao, R Rau, M Ravinovich, I Raynis, R Read, KF Reygers, K Riabov, G Riabov, VG Riabov, YG Robinson, SH Roche, G Romana, A Rosati, M Roschin, EV Rose, AA Rosnet, P Roth, R Ruggiero, R Ryu, SS Saito, N Sakaguchi, A Sakaguchi, T Sakai, S Sako, H Sakuma, T Salomone, S Samsonov, VM Sandhoff, WF Sanfratello, L Sangster, TC Santo, R Sato, HD Sato, S Savino, R Sawada, S Schlei, BR Schleuter, R Schutz, Y Sekimoto, M Semenov, V Seto, R Severgin, Y Shajii, A Shangin, V Shaw, MR Shea, TK Shein, I Shelikhov, V Shibata, TA Shigaki, K Shiina, T Shimada, T Shin, YH Sibiriak, IG Silvermyr, D Sim, KS Simon-Gillo, J Simpson, M Singh, CP Singh, V Sippach, W Sivertz, M Skank, HD Skutnik, S Sleege, GA Smith, DC Smith, GD Smith, M Soldatov, A Solodov, GP Soltz, RA Sondheim, WE Sorensen, S Sourikova, I Staley, F Stankus, PW Starinsky, N Steffens, S Stein, EM Steinberg, P Stenlund, E Stepanov, M Ster, A Stewering, J Stokes, W Stoll, SP Sugioka, M Sugitate, T Sullivan, JP Sumi, Y Sun, Z Suzuki-Nara, M Takagui, EM Taketani, A Tamai, M Tanaka, KH Tanaka, Y Taniguchi, E Tannenbaum, MJ Tarakanov, VI Tarasenkova, OP Tepe, JD Thern, R Thomas, JH Thomas, JL Thomas, TL Thomas, WD Thornton, GW Tian, W Todd, R Tojo, J Toldo, F Torii, H Towell, RS Tradeski, J Trofimov, VA Tserruya, I Tsuruoka, H Tsvetkov, AA Tulli, SK Turner, G Tydesjo, H Tyurin, N Urasawa, S Usachev, A Ushiroda, T van Hecke, HW Van Lith, M Vasiliev, AA Vasiliev, V Vassent, M Velissaris, C Velkovska, J Velkovsky, M Verhoeven, W Villatte, L Vinogradov, AA Vishnevskii, VI Volkov, MA Von Achen, W Vorobyov, AA Vznuzdaev, EA Vznuzdaev, M Walker, JW Wan, Y Wang, HQ Wang, S Watanabe, Y Watkins, LC Weimer, T White, SN Whitus, BR Williams, C Willis, PS Wintenberg, AL Witzig, C Wohn, FK Wolniewicz, K Wong-Swanson, BG Wood, L Woody, CL Wright, LW Wu, J Xie, W Xu, N Yagi, K Yamamoto, R Yang, Y Yokkaichi, S Yokota, Y Yoneyama, S Young, GR Yushmanov, IE Zajc, WA Zhang, C Zhang, L Zhang, Z Zhou, S TI PHENIX detector overview SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE RHIC; PHENIX; heavy ions; spectrometer ID GEV AU+AU COLLISIONS; ROOT(NN)-N-S=130 GEV; CENTRALITY DEPENDENCE; DEUTERIUM AB The PHENIX detector is designed to perform a broad study of A-A, p-A, and p-p collisions to investigate nuclear matter under extreme conditions. A wide variety of probes, sensitive to all timescales, are used to study systematic variations with species and energy as well as to measure the spin structure of the nucleon. Designing for the needs of the heavy-ion and polarized-proton programs has produced a detector with unparalleled capabilities. PHENIX measures electron and muon pairs, photons, and hadrons with excellent energy and momentum resolution. The detector consists of a large number of subsystems that are discussed in other papers in this volume. The overall design parameters of the detector are presented. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Tsukuba, Inst Phys, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. High Energy Accelerator Res Org, KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. Kyoto Univ, Kyoto 606, Japan. New Mexico State Univ, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Univ Nantes, CNRS, IN2P3, Ecole Mines Nantes,SUBATECH, F-44307 Nantes 3, France. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. CEA Saclay, DSM, SPhN, Dapnial, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Abilene Christian Univ, Abilene, TX 79699 USA. McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany. Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. Nevis Labs, Irvington, NY 10533 USA. Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, PNPI, Gatchina, Russia. Inst High Energy Phys, IHEP, Protvino, Russia. Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN, BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Efremov Inst Electrophys Res, St Petersburg, Russia. Kurchatov Inst, Russian Res Ctr, Moscow, Russia. St Petersburg State Tech Univ, St Petersburg, Russia. Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis, BR-05315970 Sao Paulo, Brazil. Korea Canc Hosp, CAL, Seoul 139706, South Korea. Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Bombay 400085, Maharashtra, India. Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. Ecole Polytech, LLR, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. Korea Univ, Seoul 136701, South Korea. Lund Univ, Dept Phys, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden. Nagasaki Inst Appl Sci, Nagasaki 8510193, Japan. Hiroshima Univ, Higashihiroshima 7398526, Japan. RIKEN, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. Weizmann Inst Sci, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. Univ Clermont Ferrand, LPC, F-63177 Clermont Ferrand, France. Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Sci, Ctr Nucl Study, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. Georgia State Univ, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. Waseda Univ, Adv Res Inst Sci & Engn, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1620044, Japan. Yonsei Univ, IPAP, Seoul 120749, South Korea. Myongji Univ, Kyonggi Do 449728, South Korea. IPN, F-91406 Orsay, France. Kangnung Natl Univ, Kangnung 210702, South Korea. State Interphys, Protvino, Russia. China Inst Atom Energy, CIAE, Beijing, Peoples R China. Banaras Hindu Univ, Dept Phys, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. KFKI, Res Inst Particle & Nucl Phys, RMKI, Budapest, Hungary. RP Hill, JC (reprint author), Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM jhill@iastate.edu RI Simpson, Michael/A-8410-2011; seto, richard/G-8467-2011; Peitzmann, Thomas/K-2206-2012; du Rietz, Rickard/I-3794-2013; En'yo, Hideto/B-2440-2015; Hayano, Ryugo/F-7889-2012; HAMAGAKI, HIDEKI/G-4899-2014; Durum, Artur/C-3027-2014; Kamyshkov, Yuri/J-7999-2016; Yokkaichi, Satoshi/C-6215-2017; Taketani, Atsushi/E-1803-2017; Semenov, Vitaliy/E-9584-2017 OI Tannenbaum, Michael/0000-0002-8840-5314; Thomas, James/0000-0002-6256-4536; Skutnik, Steve/0000-0001-6441-135X; Hartouni, Edward/0000-0001-9869-4351; Liu, Ming/0000-0002-5992-1221; Simpson, Michael/0000-0002-3933-3457; Newby, Robert/0000-0003-3571-1067; Peitzmann, Thomas/0000-0002-7116-899X; du Rietz, Rickard/0000-0002-9884-9058; Hayano, Ryugo/0000-0002-1214-7806; Kamyshkov, Yuri/0000-0002-3789-7152; Taketani, Atsushi/0000-0002-4776-2315; NR 11 TC 362 Z9 359 U1 7 U2 33 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 EI 1872-9576 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 499 IS 2-3 BP 469 EP 479 AR PII S0168-9002(02)01950-2 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01950-2 PG 11 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 664HK UT WOS:000182055500015 ER PT J AU Aronson, SH Bowers, J Chiba, J Danby, G Drees, A Fackler, O Franz, A Freidberg, JP Guryn, W Harvey, A Ichihara, T Jackson, J Jayakumar, R Kahn, S Kashikhin, V Kroon, PJ Libkind, M Marx, MD Meng, WZ Messer, F Migluolio, S Ojha, ID Prigl, R Riabov, G Ruggiero, R Saito, N Schleuter, R Severgin, Y Shajii, A Shangin, V Shea, TK Sondheim, WE Tanaka, KH Thern, R Thomas, JH Vasiliev, V Velissaris, C Yamamoto, R AF Aronson, SH Bowers, J Chiba, J Danby, G Drees, A Fackler, O Franz, A Freidberg, JP Guryn, W Harvey, A Ichihara, T Jackson, J Jayakumar, R Kahn, S Kashikhin, V Kroon, PJ Libkind, M Marx, MD Meng, WZ Messer, F Migluolio, S Ojha, ID Prigl, R Riabov, G Ruggiero, R Saito, N Schleuter, R Severgin, Y Shajii, A Shangin, V Shea, TK Sondheim, WE Tanaka, KH Thern, R Thomas, JH Vasiliev, V Velissaris, C Yamamoto, R TI PHENIX magnet system SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE magnet; solenoid; field mapping; spectrometer; heavy ions; RHIC AB The PHENIX magnet system is composed of three spectrometer magnets with warm iron yokes and water-cooled copper coils. The Central Magnet (CM) is energized by two pairs of concentric coils and provides a field around the interaction vertex that is parallel to the beam. This allows momentum analysis of charged particles in the polar angle range from 70degrees to 110degrees. The north and south Muon Magnets (MMN and MMS) use solenoid coils to produce a radial magnetic field for muon analysis. They each cover a pseudorapidity interval of 1.1-2.3 and full azimuth. The coils are wound on cylindrical surfaces at the end of large tapered pistons. Each of the three magnets provides a field integral of about 0.8 T-m. The physical and operating parameters of the magnets and their coils are given along with a description of the magnetic fields generated. The geometric, thermal and magnetic analysis leading to the coil design is discussed. The magnetic volumes of the PHENIX magnets are very large and complex, so a new technique was developed to map the fields based on surface measurements of a single field component using single axis Hall probes mounted on a rotating frame. A discussion of the performance of the CM during the first year of PHENIX running is given. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. High Energy Accelerator Res Org, KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RIKEN, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. Efremov Inst Electrophys Res, St Petersburg, Russia. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Petersberg Nucl Phys Inst, Gatchina, Russia. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. New Mexico State Univ, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RP Franz, A (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. OI Thomas, James/0000-0002-6256-4536 NR 1 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 499 IS 2-3 BP 480 EP 488 AR PII S0168-9002(02)01951-4 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01951-4 PG 9 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 664HK UT WOS:000182055500016 ER PT J AU Adcox, K Ajitanand, NN Alexander, J Autrey, D Averbeck, R Azmoun, B Barish, KN Baublis, VV Belkin, R Bhaganatula, S Biggs, JC Borland, D Botelho, S Bryan, WL Burward-Hoy, J Butsyk, SA Chang, WC Christ, T Dietzsch, O Drees, A du Rietz, R El Chenawi, K Evseev, VA Fellenstein, J Ferdousi, T Fraenkel, Z Franz, A Fung, SY Gannon, J Garpman, S Godoi, AL Green, SV Gustafsson, HA Harder, J Hemmick, TK Heuser, JM Holzmann, W Hutter, R Issah, M Ivanov, VI Jacak, BV Jagadish, U Jia, J Johnson, SC Kandasamy, A Kann, MR Kelley, MA Khanzadeev, AV Khomutnikov, A Komkov, BG Kopytine, ML Kotchenda, L Kotchetkov, D Kozlov, VS Kravtsov, PA Kudin, LG Kuriatkov, VV Lacey, R Lauret, J Lebedev, A Lebedev, VD Li, XH Libby, B Liccardi, W Machnowski, R Mahon, J Markushin, DG Matathias, F Messer, F Miftakhov, NM Milan, J Miller, TE Milov, A Minuzzo, K Mioduszewski, S Mitchell, JT Muniruzzamann, M Nandi, BK Negrin, J Nilsson, P Nystrand, J O'Brien, E O'Connor, P Oskarsson, A Osterman, L Otterlund, I Pancake, CE Pantuev, VS Petersen, R Pinkenburg, CH Pisani, RP Purwar, AK Rankowitz, S Ravinovich, I Riabov, VG Riabov, YG Rosati, M Rose, AA Roschin, EV Samsonov, VM Sangster, TC Seto, R Silvermyr, D Sivertz, M Smith, M Solodov, GP Stenlund, E Takagui, EM Tarakanov, VI Tarasenkova, OP Thomas, JL Trofimov, VA Tserruya, I Tydesjo, H Velkovska, J Velkovsky, M Vishnevskii, VI Vorobyov, AA Vznuzdaev, EA Vznuzdaev, M Wang, HQ Weimer, T Wolniewicz, K Wu, J Xie, W Young, GR AF Adcox, K Ajitanand, NN Alexander, J Autrey, D Averbeck, R Azmoun, B Barish, KN Baublis, VV Belkin, R Bhaganatula, S Biggs, JC Borland, D Botelho, S Bryan, WL Burward-Hoy, J Butsyk, SA Chang, WC Christ, T Dietzsch, O Drees, A du Rietz, R El Chenawi, K Evseev, VA Fellenstein, J Ferdousi, T Fraenkel, Z Franz, A Fung, SY Gannon, J Garpman, S Godoi, AL Green, SV Gustafsson, HA Harder, J Hemmick, TK Heuser, JM Holzmann, W Hutter, R Issah, M Ivanov, VI Jacak, BV Jagadish, U Jia, J Johnson, SC Kandasamy, A Kann, MR Kelley, MA Khanzadeev, AV Khomutnikov, A Komkov, BG Kopytine, ML Kotchenda, L Kotchetkov, D Kozlov, VS Kravtsov, PA Kudin, LG Kuriatkov, VV Lacey, R Lauret, J Lebedev, A Lebedev, VD Li, XH Libby, B Liccardi, W Machnowski, R Mahon, J Markushin, DG Matathias, F Messer, F Miftakhov, NM Milan, J Miller, TE Milov, A Minuzzo, K Mioduszewski, S Mitchell, JT Muniruzzamann, M Nandi, BK Negrin, J Nilsson, P Nystrand, J O'Brien, E O'Connor, P Oskarsson, A Osterman, L Otterlund, I Pancake, CE Pantuev, VS Petersen, R Pinkenburg, CH Pisani, RP Purwar, AK Rankowitz, S Ravinovich, I Riabov, VG Riabov, YG Rosati, M Rose, AA Roschin, EV Samsonov, VM Sangster, TC Seto, R Silvermyr, D Sivertz, M Smith, M Solodov, GP Stenlund, E Takagui, EM Tarakanov, VI Tarasenkova, OP Thomas, JL Trofimov, VA Tserruya, I Tydesjo, H Velkovska, J Velkovsky, M Vishnevskii, VI Vorobyov, AA Vznuzdaev, EA Vznuzdaev, M Wang, HQ Weimer, T Wolniewicz, K Wu, J Xie, W Young, GR TI PHENIX central arm tracking detectors SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE RHIC; PHENIX; charged particle detectors; tracking; electronics ID PAD CHAMBER; IDENTIFICATION; SHAPER AB The PHENIX tracking system consists of Drift Chambers (DC), Pad Chambers (PC) and the Time Expansion Chamber (TEC). PC1/DC and PC2/TEC/PC3 form the inner and outer tracking units, respectively. These units link the track segments that transverse the RICH and extend to the EMCal. The DC measures charged particle trajectories in the r-phi direction to determine P-T of the particles and the invariant mass of particle pairs. The PCs perform 3D spatial point measurements for pattern recognition and longitudinal momentum reconstruction and provide spatial resolution of a few mm in both r-phi and z. The TEC tracks particles passing through the region between the RICH and the EMCal. The design and operational parameters of the detectors are presented and running experience during the first year of data taking with PHENIX is discussed. The observed spatial and momentum resolution is given which imposes a limitation on the identification and characterization of charged particles in various momentum ranges. (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, Gatchina 188350, Russia. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. Acad Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. Lund Univ, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden. Weizmann Inst Sci, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. St Petersburg Tech Univ, St Petersburg 195251, Russia. State Interphys, Protvino, Russia. RP Hemmick, TK (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. RI seto, richard/G-8467-2011; du Rietz, Rickard/I-3794-2013; OI du Rietz, Rickard/0000-0002-9884-9058; Thomas, James/0000-0002-6256-4536 NR 12 TC 63 Z9 63 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 499 IS 2-3 BP 489 EP 507 AR PII S0168-9002(02)01952-6 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01952-6 PG 19 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 664HK UT WOS:000182055500017 ER PT J AU Aizawa, M Akiba, Y Begay, R Burward-Hoy, J Chappell, RB Chi, CY Chiu, M Chujo, T Crook, DW Danmura, A Ebisu, K Emery, MS Enosawa, K Esumi, S Ferrierra, J Frawley, AD Griffin, V Hamagaki, H Hara, H Hayano, RS Hayashi, H Hemmick, TK Hibino, M Higuchi, R Hirano, T Hoade, R Hutter, R Inaba, M Jones, K Kametani, S Kato, S Kennedy, M Kikuchi, J Kiyomichi, A Koseki, K Kurata-Nishimura, M Kurita, K Kuroki, Y Matsumoto, T Miake, Y Miyamoto, Y Moscone, GG Nagasaka, Y Nishimura, S Ono, M Oyama, K Raynis, R Sakaguchi, T Sakai, S Sako, H Salomone, S Sato, S Shigaki, K Shimada, T Suzuki-Nara, M Tamai, M Tanaka, Y Tsuruoka, H Urasawa, S Ushiroda, T Walker, JW Wang, S Wintenberg, AL Wright, LW Yagi, K Yokota, Y Young, GR AF Aizawa, M Akiba, Y Begay, R Burward-Hoy, J Chappell, RB Chi, CY Chiu, M Chujo, T Crook, DW Danmura, A Ebisu, K Emery, MS Enosawa, K Esumi, S Ferrierra, J Frawley, AD Griffin, V Hamagaki, H Hara, H Hayano, RS Hayashi, H Hemmick, TK Hibino, M Higuchi, R Hirano, T Hoade, R Hutter, R Inaba, M Jones, K Kametani, S Kato, S Kennedy, M Kikuchi, J Kiyomichi, A Koseki, K Kurata-Nishimura, M Kurita, K Kuroki, Y Matsumoto, T Miake, Y Miyamoto, Y Moscone, GG Nagasaka, Y Nishimura, S Ono, M Oyama, K Raynis, R Sakaguchi, T Sakai, S Sako, H Salomone, S Sato, S Shigaki, K Shimada, T Suzuki-Nara, M Tamai, M Tanaka, Y Tsuruoka, H Urasawa, S Ushiroda, T Walker, JW Wang, S Wintenberg, AL Wright, LW Yagi, K Yokota, Y Young, GR TI PHENIX central arm particle ID detectors SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE Cherenkov detectors; scintillation detectors; electron spectroscopy; charged particle spectroscopy AB The Ring-Imaging Cherenkov (RICH) and the Time-of-Flight (ToF) systems provide identification of charged particles for the PHENIX central arm. The RICH is located between the inner and outer tracking units and is one of the primary devices for identifying electrons among the very large number of charged pions. The ToF is used to identify hadrons and is located between the most outer pad chamber (PC3) and the electromagnetic calorimeter. A Time Zero (TO) counter that enhances charged particle measurements in p-p collisions is described. Details of the construction and performance of both the RICH, ToF and TO are given along with typical results from the first PHENIX data taking run. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Univ Tsukuba, Inst Phys, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058571, Japan. High Energy Accelerator Res Org, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. Nevis Labs, Irvington, NY 10533 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Nagasaki Inst Appl Sci, Nagasaki 8510193, Japan. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tokyo, Ctr Nucl Study, Tokyo 1880002, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. Waseda Univ, Tokyo 1698555, Japan. RIKEN, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN, BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Frawley, AD (reprint author), Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. RI Hayano, Ryugo/F-7889-2012; HAMAGAKI, HIDEKI/G-4899-2014 OI Hayano, Ryugo/0000-0002-1214-7806; NR 3 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 499 IS 2-3 BP 508 EP 520 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01953-8 PG 13 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 664HK UT WOS:000182055500018 ER PT J AU Aphecetche, L Awes, TC Banning, J Bathe, S Bazilevsky, A Belikov, S Belyaev, ST Blume, C Bobrek, M Bucher, D Bumazhnov, V Busching, H Chernichenkov, S Cianciolo, V Cutshaw, M D'Enterria, DG Daniels, S David, G Delagrange, H Denisov, A Durum, A Efremenko, YV Emery, MS Fokin, SL Frank, S Goto, Y Perdekamp, MG Heine, N Hurst, DE Ikonnikov, VV Ippolitov, MS Jackson, G Jones, JP Karadjev, KV Kistenev, E Klein-Bosing, C Kochetkov, V Koutcheryaev, IA Lebedev, VA Manko, VI Martinez, G Melnikov, Y Moore, T Musrock, M Nikolaev, SA Nyanin, AS Onuchin, V Peitzmann, T Pitukhin, P Plasil, F Read, KF Reygers, K Santo, R Schutz, Y Semenov, V Shelikhov, V Sibiriak, IG Simpson, M Smith, DC Smith, M Soldatov, A Stankus, PW Stewering, J Stoll, SP Torii, H Tsvetkov, AA Tyurin, N Usachev, A Vasiliev, AA Verhoeven, W Vinogradov, AA Volkov, MA Walker, JW White, SN Wintenberg, AL Woody, CL Young, GR Yushmanov, IE AF Aphecetche, L Awes, TC Banning, J Bathe, S Bazilevsky, A Belikov, S Belyaev, ST Blume, C Bobrek, M Bucher, D Bumazhnov, V Busching, H Chernichenkov, S Cianciolo, V Cutshaw, M D'Enterria, DG Daniels, S David, G Delagrange, H Denisov, A Durum, A Efremenko, YV Emery, MS Fokin, SL Frank, S Goto, Y Perdekamp, MG Heine, N Hurst, DE Ikonnikov, VV Ippolitov, MS Jackson, G Jones, JP Karadjev, KV Kistenev, E Klein-Bosing, C Kochetkov, V Koutcheryaev, IA Lebedev, VA Manko, VI Martinez, G Melnikov, Y Moore, T Musrock, M Nikolaev, SA Nyanin, AS Onuchin, V Peitzmann, T Pitukhin, P Plasil, F Read, KF Reygers, K Santo, R Schutz, Y Semenov, V Shelikhov, V Sibiriak, IG Simpson, M Smith, DC Smith, M Soldatov, A Stankus, PW Stewering, J Stoll, SP Torii, H Tsvetkov, AA Tyurin, N Usachev, A Vasiliev, AA Verhoeven, W Vinogradov, AA Volkov, MA Walker, JW White, SN Wintenberg, AL Woody, CL Young, GR Yushmanov, IE TI PHENIX calorimeter SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE RHIC; PHENIX; calorimeter; Pb-glass; scintillator; electronics ID SCINTILLATOR ELECTROMAGNETIC CALORIMETER; MONITORING-SYSTEM AB The PHENIX Electromagnetic Calorimeter (EMCal) is used to measure the spatial position and energy of electrons and photons produced in heavy ion collisions. It covers the full central spectrometer acceptance of 70degreesless than or equal tothetaless than or equal to110degrees with two walls, each subtending 90degrees in azimuth. One wall comprises four sectors of a Pb-scintillator sampling calorimeter and the other has two sectors of Pb-scintillator and two of a Pb-glass Cherenkov calorimeter. Both detectors have very good energy, spatial and timing resolution, while the Pb-scintillator excels in timing and the Pb-glass in energy measurements. Also, having two detectors with different systematics increases the confidence level of the physics results. Design and operational parameters of the Pb-scintillator, Pb-glass and special readout electronics for EMCal are presented and running experience during the first year of data taking with PHENIX is discussed. Some examples of data taken during the first run are shown. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Nantes, CNRS, IN2P3, Ecole Mines Nantes,SUBATECH, F-44307 Nantes 3, France. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Munster, D-411980 Munster, Germany. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Inst High Energy Phys, IHEP, Protvino, Russia. Kurchatov Inst, Russian Res Ctr, RU-123182 Moscow, Russia. Kyoto Univ, Kyoto 606, Japan. RP David, G (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Simpson, Michael/A-8410-2011; Peitzmann, Thomas/K-2206-2012; Durum, Artur/C-3027-2014; Semenov, Vitaliy/E-9584-2017 OI Simpson, Michael/0000-0002-3933-3457; Peitzmann, Thomas/0000-0002-7116-899X; NR 10 TC 89 Z9 90 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 499 IS 2-3 BP 521 EP 536 AR PII S0168-9002(02)01954-x DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01954-X PG 16 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 664HK UT WOS:000182055500019 ER PT J AU Akikawa, H Al-Jamel, A Archuleta, JB Archuleta, JR Armendariz, R Armijo, V Awes, TC Baldisseri, A Barker, AB Barnes, PD Bassalleck, B Batsouli, S Behrendt, J Bellaiche, FG Bland, AW Bobrek, M Boissevain, JG Borel, H Brooks, ML Brown, AW Brown, DS Bruner, N Cafferty, MM Carey, TA Chai, JS Chavez, LL Chollet, S Choudhury, RK Chung, MS Cianciolo, V Clark, DJ Cobigo, Y Dabrowski, CM Debraine, A DeMoss, J Dinesh, BV Drachenberg, JL Drapier, O Echave, MA Efremenko, YV En'yo, H Fields, DE Fleuret, F Fried, J Fujisawa, E Funahashi, H Gadrat, S Gastaldi, F Gee, TF Glenn, A Gogiberidze, G Gonin, M Gosset, J Goto, Y de Cassagnac, RG Hance, RH Hart, GW Hayashi, N Held, S Hicks, JS Hill, JC Hoade, R Hong, B Hoover, A Horaguchi, T Hunter, CT Hurst, DE Ichihara, T Imai, K Isenhower, LD Isenhower, LD Ishihara, M Jang, WY Johnson, J Jouan, D Kamihara, N Kamyshkov, Y Kang, JH Kapoor, SS Kim, DJ Kim, DW Kim, GB Kinnison, WW Klinksiek, S Kluberg, L Kobayashi, H Koehler, D Kotchenda, L Kuberg, CH Kurita, K Kweon, MJ Kwon, Y Kyle, GS LaBounty, JJ Lajoie, JG Lee, DM Lee, S Leitch, M Li, Z Liu, MX Liu, X Liu, Y Lockner, E Lopez, JD Mao, Y Martinez, XB McCain, MC McGaughey, PL Mioduszewski, S Mischke, RE Mohanty, AK Montoya, BC Moss, JM Murata, J Murray, MM Nagle, JL Nakada, Y Newby, J Obenshain, F Palounek, APT Papavassiliou, V Pate, SF Plasil, F Pope, K Qualls, JM Rao, G Read, KF Robinson, SH Roche, G Romana, A Rosnet, P Roth, R Saito, N Sakuma, T Sandhoff, WF Sanfratello, L Sato, HD Savino, R Sekimoto, M Shaw, MR Shibata, TA Sim, KS Skank, HD Smith, DE Smith, GD Sondheim, WE Sorensen, S Staley, F Stankus, PW Steffens, S Stein, EM Stepanov, M Stokes, W Sugioka, M Sun, Z Taketani, A Taniguchi, E Tepe, JD Thornton, GW Tian, W Tojo, J Torii, H Towell, RS Tradeski, J Vassent, M Velissaris, C Villatte, L Wan, Y Watanabe, Y Watkins, LC Whitus, BR Williams, C Willis, PS Wong-Swanson, BG Yang, Y Yoneyama, S Young, GR Zhou, S AF Akikawa, H Al-Jamel, A Archuleta, JB Archuleta, JR Armendariz, R Armijo, V Awes, TC Baldisseri, A Barker, AB Barnes, PD Bassalleck, B Batsouli, S Behrendt, J Bellaiche, FG Bland, AW Bobrek, M Boissevain, JG Borel, H Brooks, ML Brown, AW Brown, DS Bruner, N Cafferty, MM Carey, TA Chai, JS Chavez, LL Chollet, S Choudhury, RK Chung, MS Cianciolo, V Clark, DJ Cobigo, Y Dabrowski, CM Debraine, A DeMoss, J Dinesh, BV Drachenberg, JL Drapier, O Echave, MA Efremenko, YV En'yo, H Fields, DE Fleuret, F Fried, J Fujisawa, E Funahashi, H Gadrat, S Gastaldi, F Gee, TF Glenn, A Gogiberidze, G Gonin, M Gosset, J Goto, Y de Cassagnac, RG Hance, RH Hart, GW Hayashi, N Held, S Hicks, JS Hill, JC Hoade, R Hong, B Hoover, A Horaguchi, T Hunter, CT Hurst, DE Ichihara, T Imai, K Isenhower, LD Isenhower, LD Ishihara, M Jang, WY Johnson, J Jouan, D Kamihara, N Kamyshkov, Y Kang, JH Kapoor, SS Kim, DJ Kim, DW Kim, GB Kinnison, WW Klinksiek, S Kluberg, L Kobayashi, H Koehler, D Kotchenda, L Kuberg, CH Kurita, K Kweon, MJ Kwon, Y Kyle, GS LaBounty, JJ Lajoie, JG Lee, DM Lee, S Leitch, M Li, Z Liu, MX Liu, X Liu, Y Lockner, E Lopez, JD Mao, Y Martinez, XB McCain, MC McGaughey, PL Mioduszewski, S Mischke, RE Mohanty, AK Montoya, BC Moss, JM Murata, J Murray, MM Nagle, JL Nakada, Y Newby, J Obenshain, F Palounek, APT Papavassiliou, V Pate, SF Plasil, F Pope, K Qualls, JM Rao, G Read, KF Robinson, SH Roche, G Romana, A Rosnet, P Roth, R Saito, N Sakuma, T Sandhoff, WF Sanfratello, L Sato, HD Savino, R Sekimoto, M Shaw, MR Shibata, TA Sim, KS Skank, HD Smith, DE Smith, GD Sondheim, WE Sorensen, S Staley, F Stankus, PW Steffens, S Stein, EM Stepanov, M Stokes, W Sugioka, M Sun, Z Taketani, A Taniguchi, E Tepe, JD Thornton, GW Tian, W Tojo, J Torii, H Towell, RS Tradeski, J Vassent, M Velissaris, C Villatte, L Wan, Y Watanabe, Y Watkins, LC Whitus, BR Williams, C Willis, PS Wong-Swanson, BG Yang, Y Yoneyama, S Young, GR Zhou, S TI PHENIX Muon Arms SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE spectrometer; cathode strip chambers; iaroccitubes; heavy ion collisions AB The PHENIX Muon Arms detect muons at rapidities of \y\ = (1.2-2.4) with full azimuthal acceptance. Each muon arm must track and identify muons and provide good rejection of pions and kaons (similar to 10(-3)). In order to accomplish this we employ a radial field magnetic spectrometer with precision tracking (Muon Tracker) followed by a stack of absorber/low resolution tracking layers (Muon Identifier). The design, construction, testing and expected run parameters of both the muon tracker and the muon identifier are described. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Kyoto Univ, Kyoto 606, Japan. New Mexico State Univ, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. CEA Saclay, DSM, Dapnia, SPhN, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Abilene Christian Univ, Abilene, TX 79699 USA. Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. Nevis Labs, Irvington, NY 10533 USA. Korea Canc Hosp, CAL, Seoul 139706, South Korea. Ecole Polytech, LLR, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Bombay 400085, Maharashtra, India. Korea Univ, Seoul 136701, South Korea. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RIKEN, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Waco, Saitama, Japan. Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. Univ Clermont Ferrand, LPC, F-63177 Clermont Ferrand, France. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN, BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. IPN, F-91406 Orsay, France. Yonsei Univ, IPAP, Seoul 120749, South Korea. Kangnung Natl Univ, Kangnung 210702, South Korea. Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, Gatchina 188350, Russia. State Interphys, Protvino, Russia. China Inst Atom Energy, CIAE, Beijing, Peoples R China. High Energy Res Accelerator Org, KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. RP Read, KF (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI En'yo, Hideto/B-2440-2015; Kamyshkov, Yuri/J-7999-2016; Taketani, Atsushi/E-1803-2017; OI Kamyshkov, Yuri/0000-0002-3789-7152; Taketani, Atsushi/0000-0002-4776-2315; Read, Kenneth/0000-0002-3358-7667; Newby, Robert/0000-0003-3571-1067; Liu, Ming/0000-0002-5992-1221 NR 3 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 499 IS 2-3 BP 537 EP 548 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01955-1 PG 12 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 664HK UT WOS:000182055500020 ER PT J AU Allen, M Bennett, MJ Bobrek, M Boissevain, JB Boose, S Bosze, E Britton, C Chang, J Chi, CY Chiu, M Conway, R Cunningham, R Denisov, A Deshpande, A Emery, MS Enokizono, A Ericson, N Fox, B Fung, SY Giannotti, P Hachiya, T Hansen, AG Homma, K Jacak, BV Jaffe, D Kang, JH Kapustinsky, J Kim, SY Kim, YG Kohama, T Kroon, PJ Lenz, W Longbotham, N Musrock, M Nakamura, T Ohnishi, H Ryu, SS Sakaguchi, A Seto, R Shiina, T Simpson, M Simon-Gillo, J Sondheim, WE Sugitate, T Sullivan, JP van Hecke, HW Walker, JW White, SN Willis, P Xu, N AF Allen, M Bennett, MJ Bobrek, M Boissevain, JB Boose, S Bosze, E Britton, C Chang, J Chi, CY Chiu, M Conway, R Cunningham, R Denisov, A Deshpande, A Emery, MS Enokizono, A Ericson, N Fox, B Fung, SY Giannotti, P Hachiya, T Hansen, AG Homma, K Jacak, BV Jaffe, D Kang, JH Kapustinsky, J Kim, SY Kim, YG Kohama, T Kroon, PJ Lenz, W Longbotham, N Musrock, M Nakamura, T Ohnishi, H Ryu, SS Sakaguchi, A Seto, R Shiina, T Simpson, M Simon-Gillo, J Sondheim, WE Sugitate, T Sullivan, JP van Hecke, HW Walker, JW White, SN Willis, P Xu, N TI PHENIX inner detectors SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE relativistic heavy-ion collisions; Cherenkov detectors; scintillation detectors; tracking and position sensitive detectors ID MULTIPLICITY VERTEX DETECTOR; ELECTRONICS; MODULE AB The timing, location and particle multiplicity of a PHENIX collision are determined by the Beam-Beam Counters (BBC), the Multiplicity/Vertex Detector (MVD) and the Zero-Degree Calorimeters (ZDC). The BBCs provide both the time of interaction and position of a collision from the flight time of prompt particles. The MVD provides a measure of event particle multiplicity, collision vertex position and fluctuations in charged particle distributions. The ZDCs provide information on the most grazing collisions. A Normalization Trigger Counter (NTC) is used to obtain absolute cross-section measurements for p-p collisions. The BBC, MVD and NTC are described below. (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. Nevis Labs, Irvington, NY 10533 USA. Inst High Energy Phys, IHEP, Protvino, Russia. Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN, BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Hiroshima Univ, Higashihiroshima 7398526, Japan. Yonsei Univ, Seoul 120749, South Korea. Abilene Christian Univ, Abilene, TX 79699 USA. Univ Alabama, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. RP Sullivan, JP (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Simpson, Michael/A-8410-2011; seto, richard/G-8467-2011 OI Simpson, Michael/0000-0002-3933-3457; NR 8 TC 64 Z9 64 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 499 IS 2-3 BP 549 EP 559 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01956-3 PG 11 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 664HK UT WOS:000182055500021 ER PT J AU Adler, SS Allen, M Alley, G Amirikas, R Arai, Y Awes, TC Barish, KN Barta, F Batsouli, S Belikov, S Bennett, MJ Bobrek, M Boissevain, JG Boose, S Britton, C Britton, L Bryan, WL Cafferty, MM Carey, TA Chang, WC Chi, CY Chi, M Cianciolo, V Cole, BA Constantin, P Cook, KC Cunitz, H Desmond, EJ Ebisu, K Efremenko, YV El Chenawi, K Emery, MS Engo, D Ericson, N Fields, DE Frank, S Frantz, JE Franz, A Frawley, AD Fried, J Gannon, J Gee, TF Gentry, R Giannotti, P Gustafsson, HA Haggerty, JS Hahn, S Halliwell, J Hamagaki, H Hansen, AG Hara, H Harder, J He, X Heistermann, F Hemmick, TK Hibino, M Hill, JC Homma, K Jacak, BV Jagadish, U Jia, J Kajihara, F Kametani, S Kamyshkov, Y Kandasamy, A Kang, JH Kapustinsky, J Katou, K Kelley, MA Kelly, S Kikuchi, J Kim, SY Kim, YG Kistenev, E Kotchetkov, D Kurita, K Lajoie, JG Lenz, M Lenz, W Li, XH Lin, S Liu, MX Markacs, S Matathias, F Matsumoto, T Mead, J Mischke, RE Mishra, GC Moore, A Muniruzzamann, M Musrock, M Nagle, JL Nandi, BK Newby, J Nystrand, J O'Brien, E O'Connor, P Ohnishi, H Oskarsson, A Osterman, L Oyama, K Paffrath, L Pancake, CE Pantuev, VS Petridis, AN Pisani, RP Plagge, T Plasil, F Purschke, ML Rankowitz, S Rao, R Rau, M Read, KF Ryu, SS Sakaguchi, T Sato, HD Seto, R Shiina, T Silvermyr, D Simon-Gillo, J Simpson, M Sippach, W Skank, HD Skutnik, S Sleege, GA Smith, GD Smith, M Stankus, PW Steinberg, P Sugitate, T Sullivan, JP Taketani, A Tamai, M Tanaka, Y Thomas, WD Todd, R Toldo, F Turner, G Ushiroda, T Velkovska, J van Hecke, HW Van Lith, M Villatte, L Von Achen, W Walker, JW Wang, HQ White, SN Wintenberg, AL Witzig, C Wood, L Xie, W Young, GR Zajc, WA Zhang, C Zhang, L AF Adler, SS Allen, M Alley, G Amirikas, R Arai, Y Awes, TC Barish, KN Barta, F Batsouli, S Belikov, S Bennett, MJ Bobrek, M Boissevain, JG Boose, S Britton, C Britton, L Bryan, WL Cafferty, MM Carey, TA Chang, WC Chi, CY Chi, M Cianciolo, V Cole, BA Constantin, P Cook, KC Cunitz, H Desmond, EJ Ebisu, K Efremenko, YV El Chenawi, K Emery, MS Engo, D Ericson, N Fields, DE Frank, S Frantz, JE Franz, A Frawley, AD Fried, J Gannon, J Gee, TF Gentry, R Giannotti, P Gustafsson, HA Haggerty, JS Hahn, S Halliwell, J Hamagaki, H Hansen, AG Hara, H Harder, J He, X Heistermann, F Hemmick, TK Hibino, M Hill, JC Homma, K Jacak, BV Jagadish, U Jia, J Kajihara, F Kametani, S Kamyshkov, Y Kandasamy, A Kang, JH Kapustinsky, J Katou, K Kelley, MA Kelly, S Kikuchi, J Kim, SY Kim, YG Kistenev, E Kotchetkov, D Kurita, K Lajoie, JG Lenz, M Lenz, W Li, XH Lin, S Liu, MX Markacs, S Matathias, F Matsumoto, T Mead, J Mischke, RE Mishra, GC Moore, A Muniruzzamann, M Musrock, M Nagle, JL Nandi, BK Newby, J Nystrand, J O'Brien, E O'Connor, P Ohnishi, H Oskarsson, A Osterman, L Oyama, K Paffrath, L Pancake, CE Pantuev, VS Petridis, AN Pisani, RP Plagge, T Plasil, F Purschke, ML Rankowitz, S Rao, R Rau, M Read, KF Ryu, SS Sakaguchi, T Sato, HD Seto, R Shiina, T Silvermyr, D Simon-Gillo, J Simpson, M Sippach, W Skank, HD Skutnik, S Sleege, GA Smith, GD Smith, M Stankus, PW Steinberg, P Sugitate, T Sullivan, JP Taketani, A Tamai, M Tanaka, Y Thomas, WD Todd, R Toldo, F Turner, G Ushiroda, T Velkovska, J van Hecke, HW Van Lith, M Villatte, L Von Achen, W Walker, JW Wang, HQ White, SN Wintenberg, AL Witzig, C Wood, L Xie, W Young, GR Zajc, WA Zhang, C Zhang, L TI PHENIX on-line systems SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE RHIC; PHENIX; data acquisition; trigger; electronics ID PAD CHAMBER; DISCRIMINATOR; DETECTOR; AMPLIFIER; MANAGER AB The PHENIX On-Line system takes signals from the Front End Modules (FEM) on each detector subsystem for the purpose of generating events for physics analysis. Processing of event data begins when the Data Collection Modules (DCM) receive data via fiber-optic links from the FEMs. The DCMs format and zero suppress the data and generate data packets. These packets go to the Event Builders (EvB) that assemble the events in final form. The Level-1 trigger (LVL1) generates a decision for each beam crossing and eliminates uninteresting events. The FEMs carry out all detector processing of the data so that it is delivered to the DCMs using a standard format. The FEMs also provide buffering for LVL1 trigger processing and DCM data collection. This is carried out using an architecture that is pipelined and deadtimeless. All of this is controlled by the Master Timing System (MTS) that distributes the RHIC clocks. A Level-2 trigger (LVL2) gives additional discrimination. A description of the components and operation of the PHENIX On-Line system is given and the solution to a number of electronic infrastructure problems are discussed. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. High Energy Res Org, KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. Nevis Labs, Irvington, NY 10533 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. Nagasaki Inst Appl Sci, Nagasaki 8510193, Japan. Lund Univ, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden. Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Sci, Ctr Nucl Study, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. Georgia State Univ, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Waseda Univ, Adv Res Inst Sci & Engn, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1620044, Japan. Hiroshima Univ, Higashihiroshima 7398526, Japan. Yonsei Univ, Seoul 120749, South Korea. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RIKEN, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. RP Hill, JC (reprint author), Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RI Simpson, Michael/A-8410-2011; HAMAGAKI, HIDEKI/G-4899-2014; Kamyshkov, Yuri/J-7999-2016; Taketani, Atsushi/E-1803-2017; OI Simpson, Michael/0000-0002-3933-3457; Kamyshkov, Yuri/0000-0002-3789-7152; Taketani, Atsushi/0000-0002-4776-2315; Read, Kenneth/0000-0002-3358-7667; Newby, Robert/0000-0003-3571-1067; Liu, Ming/0000-0002-5992-1221 NR 21 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 499 IS 2-3 BP 560 EP 592 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01957-5 PG 33 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 664HK UT WOS:000182055500022 ER PT J AU Adler, SS Chujo, T Desmond, EJ Ewell, L Ghosh, TK Haggerty, JS Ichihara, T Jacak, BV Johnson, SC Kehayias, HJ Lauret, J Maguire, CF Messer, M Mioduszewski, S Mitchell, JT Morrison, DP Ojha, ID Pinkenburg, CH Pollack, M Pope, K Purschke, ML Sorensen, S Sourikova, I Thomas, TL Velkovsky, M Watanabe, Y Witzig, C Yokkaichi, S Zajc, WA AF Adler, SS Chujo, T Desmond, EJ Ewell, L Ghosh, TK Haggerty, JS Ichihara, T Jacak, BV Johnson, SC Kehayias, HJ Lauret, J Maguire, CF Messer, M Mioduszewski, S Mitchell, JT Morrison, DP Ojha, ID Pinkenburg, CH Pollack, M Pope, K Purschke, ML Sorensen, S Sourikova, I Thomas, TL Velkovsky, M Watanabe, Y Witzig, C Yokkaichi, S Zajc, WA TI PHENIX on-line and off-line computing SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE RHIC; PHENIX; data acquisition; computing; data analysis AB Data handling in PHENIX is carried out by the On-Line Computing System (ONCS) and Off-Line Computing System (Off-Line). ONCS provides the overall control and monitoring of the front-end electronics, trigger and data acquisition system and detector ancillary systems. It configures and initializes the on-line system, monitors and controls the data flow, coordinates calibration processes, interlocks the data acquisition process with the slow control subsystems and performs a number of other functions. ONCS uses CORBA software to monitor and control the hardware. Off-Line provides all aspects of data handling not directly connected to the collection of data and monitoring, such as event simulation and reconstruction, data analysis and information management. The impact of the unprecedented data volumes on the design is presented, along with a detailed discussion of the tasks and methods of simulating, obtaining and monitoring the data. (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. RIKEN, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. Nevis Labs, Irvington, NY 10533 USA. RP Morrison, DP (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Yokkaichi, Satoshi/C-6215-2017 NR 6 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 499 IS 2-3 BP 593 EP 602 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01958-7 PG 10 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 664HK UT WOS:000182055500023 ER PT J AU Back, BB Baker, MD Barton, DS Basilev, S Baum, R Betts, RR Bialas, A Bindel, R Bogucki, W Budzanowski, A Busza, W Carroll, A Ceglia, M Chang, YH Chen, AE Coghen, T Connor, C Czyz, W Dabrowski, B Decowski, MP Despet, M Fita, P Fitch, J Friedl, M Galuszka, K Ganz, R Garcia, E George, N Godlewski, J Gomes, C Griesmayer, E Gulbrandsen, K Gushue, S Halik, J Halliwell, C Haridas, P Hayes, A Heintzelman, GA Henderson, C Hollis, R Holynski, R Hofman, D Holzman, B Johnson, E Kane, J Katzy, J Kita, W Kotula, J Kraner, H Kucewicz, W Kulinich, P Law, C Lemler, M Ligocki, J Lin, WT Manly, S McLeod, D Michalowski, J Mignerey, A Mulmenstadt, J Neal, M Nouicer, R Olszewski, A Pak, R Park, IC Patel, M Pernegger, H Plesko, M Reed, C Remsberg, LP Reuter, M Roland, C Roland, G Ross, D Rosenberg, L Ryan, J Sanzgiri, A Sarin, P Sawicki, P Scaduto, J Shea, J Sinacore, J Skulski, W Steadman, SG Stephans, GSF Steinberg, P Straczek, A Stodulski, M Strek, M Stopa, Z Sukhanov, A Surowiecka, K Tang, JL Teng, R Trzupek, A Vale, C van Nieuwenhuizen, GJ Verdier, R Wadsworth, B Wolfs, FLH Wosiek, B Wozniak, K Wuosmaa, AH Wyslouch, B Zalewski, K Zychowski, P AF Back, BB Baker, MD Barton, DS Basilev, S Baum, R Betts, RR Bialas, A Bindel, R Bogucki, W Budzanowski, A Busza, W Carroll, A Ceglia, M Chang, YH Chen, AE Coghen, T Connor, C Czyz, W Dabrowski, B Decowski, MP Despet, M Fita, P Fitch, J Friedl, M Galuszka, K Ganz, R Garcia, E George, N Godlewski, J Gomes, C Griesmayer, E Gulbrandsen, K Gushue, S Halik, J Halliwell, C Haridas, P Hayes, A Heintzelman, GA Henderson, C Hollis, R Holynski, R Hofman, D Holzman, B Johnson, E Kane, J Katzy, J Kita, W Kotula, J Kraner, H Kucewicz, W Kulinich, P Law, C Lemler, M Ligocki, J Lin, WT Manly, S McLeod, D Michalowski, J Mignerey, A Mulmenstadt, J Neal, M Nouicer, R Olszewski, A Pak, R Park, IC Patel, M Pernegger, H Plesko, M Reed, C Remsberg, LP Reuter, M Roland, C Roland, G Ross, D Rosenberg, L Ryan, J Sanzgiri, A Sarin, P Sawicki, P Scaduto, J Shea, J Sinacore, J Skulski, W Steadman, SG Stephans, GSF Steinberg, P Straczek, A Stodulski, M Strek, M Stopa, Z Sukhanov, A Surowiecka, K Tang, JL Teng, R Trzupek, A Vale, C van Nieuwenhuizen, GJ Verdier, R Wadsworth, B Wolfs, FLH Wosiek, B Wozniak, K Wuosmaa, AH Wyslouch, B Zalewski, K Zychowski, P TI The PHOBOS detector at RHIC SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE relativistic heavy ion collisions; Si detectors ID PLUS AU COLLISIONS; SILICON PAD DETECTORS; ROOT-S(NN)=130 GEV; READOUT; PARTICLES AB This manuscript contains a detailed description of the PHOBOS experiment as it is configured for the Year 2001 running period. It is capable of detecting charged particles over the full solid angle using a multiplicity detector and measuring identified charged particles near mid-rapidity in two spectrometer arms with opposite magnetic fields. Both of these components utilize silicon pad detectors for charged particle detection. The minimization of material between the collision vertex and the first layers of silicon detectors allows for the detection of charged particles with very low transverse momenta, which is a unique feature of the PHOBOS experiment. Additional detectors include a time-of-flight wall which extends the particle identification range for one spectrometer arm, as well as sets of scintillator paddle and Cherenkov detector arrays for event triggering and centrality selection. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Collider Accelerator Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. MIT, Nucl Sci Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Chem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. Jagiellonian Univ, Dept Phys, Krakow, Poland. Inst Nucl Phys, Krakow, Poland. Natl Cent Univ, Dept Phys, Chungli 32054, Taiwan. Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM back@phy.anl.gov RI Decowski, Patrick/A-4341-2011; Mignerey, Alice/D-6623-2011; Muelmenstaedt, Johannes/K-2432-2015; OI Muelmenstaedt, Johannes/0000-0003-1105-6678; Reuter, Michael/0000-0003-3881-8310; Holzman, Burt/0000-0001-5235-6314 NR 17 TC 91 Z9 90 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 EI 1872-9576 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 499 IS 2-3 BP 603 EP 623 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01959-9 PG 21 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 664HK UT WOS:000182055500024 ER PT J AU Ackermann, KH Adams, N Adler, C Ahammed, Z Ahmad, S Allgower, C Amonett, J Amsbaugh, J Anderson, BD Anderson, M Anderssen, E Arnesen, H Arnold, L Averichev, GS Baldwin, A Balewski, J Barannikova, O Barnby, LS Baudot, J Beddo, M Bekele, S Belaga, VV Bellwied, R Bennett, S Bercovitz, J Berger, J Betts, W Bichsel, H Bieser, F Bland, LC Bloomer, M Blyth, CO Boehm, J Bonner, BE Bonnet, D Bossingham, R Botloi, M Boucham, A Bouillo, N Bouvier, S Bradley, K Brady, FP Brandin, A Brown, RL Brugalette, G Burkes, M Cadman, RV Caines, H Sanchez, MCD Cardenas, A Carr, L Carroll, J Castillo, J Castro, M Cebra, D Chattopadhyay, S Chen, ML Chen, W Chen, Y Chernenko, SP Cherney, M Chikanian, A Choi, B Chrin, J Christie, W Coffin, JP Conin, L Consiglio, C Cormier, TM Cramer, JG Crawford, HJ Danilov, I Dayton, D DeMello, M Deng, WS Derevschikov, AA Dialinas, M Diaz, H DeYoung, PA Didenko, L Dimassimo, D Dioguardi, J Drancourt, C Dietel, T Draper, JE Dunin, VB Dunlop, JC Eckardt, V Edwards, WR Efimov, LG Eggert, T Emelianov, V Engelage, J Eppley, G Erazmus, B Etkin, A Fachini, P Faine, V Feliciano, C Ferenc, D Ferguson, MI Fessler, H Filimonov, K Finch, E Fisyak, Y Flierl, D Flores, I Foley, KJ Fritz, D Fu, J Gagliardi, CA Gagunashvili, N Gans, J Gaudichet, L Gazdzicki, M Germain, M Geurts, F Ghazikhanian, V Gojak, C Grabski, J Grachov, O Grau, M Greiner, D Greiner, L Grigoriev, V Grosnick, D Gross, J Guedon, M Guilloux, G Gushin, E Hall, J Hallman, TJ Hardtke, D Harper, G Harris, JW Heffner, M Heppelmann, S Herston, T Hill, D Hippolyte, B Hirsch, A Hjort, E Hoffmann, GW Horsley, M Howe, M Huang, HZ Humanic, TJ Hummler, H Hunt, W Hunter, J Igo, G Ishihara, A Ivanshin, YI Jacobs, P Jacobs, WW Jacobson, S Janik, M Jared, R Jensen, P Johnson, I Jones, PG Judd, EG Kaneta, M Kaplan, M Keane, D Khodinov, A Kiryluk, J Kisiel, A Klay, J Klein, SR Klyachko, A Koehler, G Konstantinov, AS Kotov, I Kopytine, M Kotchenda, L Kovalenko, AD Kramer, M Kravtsov, P Krueger, K Krupien, T Kuczewski, P Kuhn, C Kulikov, AI Kunde, GJ Kunz, CL Kutuev, RK Kuznetsov, AA Lakehal-Ayat, L Lamont, MAC Landgraf, JM Lange, S Lansdell, CP Lasiuk, B Laue, F Lebedev, A LeCompte, T Lednicky, R Leonhardt, WJ Leontiev, VM LeVine, MJ Li, Q Liaw, CJ Lin, J Lindenbaum, SJ Lindenstruth, V Lindstrom, PJ Lisa, MA Liu, F Liu, L Liu, Z Liu, QJ Ljubicic, T Llope, WJ LoCurto, G Long, H Longacre, RS Lopez-Noriega, M Love, WA Lynn, D Maier, R Majka, R Margetis, S Markert, C Martin, L Marx, J Matis, HS Matulenko, YA McParland, C McShane, TS Meier, J Meissner, F Melnick, Y Meschanin, A Messer, M Middlekamp, P Miller, B Miller, ML Milosevich, Z Minaev, NG Minor, B Mitchell, J Mogavero, E Moiseenko, VA Moltz, D Moore, CF Morozov, V de Moura, MM Munhoz, MG Mutchler, GS Nelson, JM Nevski, P Nguyen, M Nguyen, T Nikitin, VA Nogach, LV Noggle, T Norman, B Nurushev, SB Nussbaum, T Nuystrand, J Odyniec, G Ogawa, A Ogilvie, CA Okorokov, V Olchanski, K Oldenburg, M Olson, D Ott, G Padrazo, D Paic, G Pandey, SU Panebratsev, Y Panitkin, SY Pavlinov, AI Pawlak, T Perevoztchikov, V Peryt, W Petrov, VA Pinganaud, W Pirogov, S Platner, E Pluta, J Polk, I Porile, N Porter, J Poskanzer, AM Potrebenikova, E Prindle, D Pruneau, C Puskar-Pasewicz, J Rai, G Rasson, J Ravel, O Ray, RL Razin, SV Reichhold, D Reid, JG Renfordt, RE Retiere, F Ridiger, A Riso, J Ritter, HG Roberts, JB Roehrich, D Rogachevski, OV Romero, JL Roy, C Russ, D Rykov, V Sakrejda, I Sanchez, R Sandler, Z Salur, S Sandweiss, J Saulys, AC Savin, I Schambach, J Scharenberg, RP Scheblien, J Scheetz, R Schlueter, R Schmitz, N Schroeder, LS Schulz, M Schuttauf, A Schweda, K Sedlmeir, J Seger, J Seliverstov, D Seyboth, P Seymour, R Shahaliev, E Shestermanov, KE Shimanskii, SS Shuman, D Shvetcov, VS Skoro, G Smirnov, N Smykov, LP Snellings, R Solberg, K Sorensen, P Sowinski, J Spinka, HM Srivastava, B Stephenson, EJ Stock, R Stolpovsky, A Stone, N Strikhanov, M Stringfellow, B Stroebele, H Struck, C Suaide, AAP Sugarbaker, E Suire, C Sumbera, M Symons, TJM de Toledo, AS Szarwas, P Tai, A Takahashi, J Tang, AH Tarchini, A Tarzian, J Thomas, JH Thompson, M Tikhomirov, V Tokarev, M Tonjes, MB Tonse, S Trainor, TA Trentalange, S Tribble, RE Trofimov, V Tsai, O Turner, K Ullrich, T Underwood, DG Vakula, I Van Buren, G VanderMolen, AM Vanyashin, A Vasilevski, IM Vasiliev, AN Vigdor, SE Visser, G Voloshin, SA Vu, C Wang, F Ward, H Watson, JW Weerasundara, D Weidenbach, R Wells, R Wenaus, T Westfall, GD Whitfield, JP Whitten, C Wieman, H Willson, R Wilson, K Wirth, J Wisdom, J Wissink, SW Witt, R Wolf, J Wood, J Xu, N Xu, Z Yakutin, AE Yamamoto, E Yang, J Yepes, P Yokosawa, A Yurevich, VI Zanevski, YV Zborovsky, I Zhang, H Zhang, WM Zimmerman, D Zoulkarneev, R Zubarev, AN AF Ackermann, KH Adams, N Adler, C Ahammed, Z Ahmad, S Allgower, C Amonett, J Amsbaugh, J Anderson, BD Anderson, M Anderssen, E Arnesen, H Arnold, L Averichev, GS Baldwin, A Balewski, J Barannikova, O Barnby, LS Baudot, J Beddo, M Bekele, S Belaga, VV Bellwied, R Bennett, S Bercovitz, J Berger, J Betts, W Bichsel, H Bieser, F Bland, LC Bloomer, M Blyth, CO Boehm, J Bonner, BE Bonnet, D Bossingham, R Botloi, M Boucham, A Bouillo, N Bouvier, S Bradley, K Brady, FP Brandin, A Brown, RL Brugalette, G Burkes, M Cadman, RV Caines, H Sanchez, MCD Cardenas, A Carr, L Carroll, J Castillo, J Castro, M Cebra, D Chattopadhyay, S Chen, ML Chen, W Chen, Y Chernenko, SP Cherney, M Chikanian, A Choi, B Chrin, J Christie, W Coffin, JP Conin, L Consiglio, C Cormier, TM Cramer, JG Crawford, HJ Danilov, I Dayton, D DeMello, M Deng, WS Derevschikov, AA Dialinas, M Diaz, H DeYoung, PA Didenko, L Dimassimo, D Dioguardi, J Drancourt, C Dietel, T Draper, JE Dunin, VB Dunlop, JC Eckardt, V Edwards, WR Efimov, LG Eggert, T Emelianov, V Engelage, J Eppley, G Erazmus, B Etkin, A Fachini, P Faine, V Feliciano, C Ferenc, D Ferguson, MI Fessler, H Filimonov, K Finch, E Fisyak, Y Flierl, D Flores, I Foley, KJ Fritz, D Fu, J Gagliardi, CA Gagunashvili, N Gans, J Gaudichet, L Gazdzicki, M Germain, M Geurts, F Ghazikhanian, V Gojak, C Grabski, J Grachov, O Grau, M Greiner, D Greiner, L Grigoriev, V Grosnick, D Gross, J Guedon, M Guilloux, G Gushin, E Hall, J Hallman, TJ Hardtke, D Harper, G Harris, JW Heffner, M Heppelmann, S Herston, T Hill, D Hippolyte, B Hirsch, A Hjort, E Hoffmann, GW Horsley, M Howe, M Huang, HZ Humanic, TJ Hummler, H Hunt, W Hunter, J Igo, G Ishihara, A Ivanshin, YI Jacobs, P Jacobs, WW Jacobson, S Janik, M Jared, R Jensen, P Johnson, I Jones, PG Judd, EG Kaneta, M Kaplan, M Keane, D Khodinov, A Kiryluk, J Kisiel, A Klay, J Klein, SR Klyachko, A Koehler, G Konstantinov, AS Kotov, I Kopytine, M Kotchenda, L Kovalenko, AD Kramer, M Kravtsov, P Krueger, K Krupien, T Kuczewski, P Kuhn, C Kulikov, AI Kunde, GJ Kunz, CL Kutuev, RK Kuznetsov, AA Lakehal-Ayat, L Lamont, MAC Landgraf, JM Lange, S Lansdell, CP Lasiuk, B Laue, F Lebedev, A LeCompte, T Lednicky, R Leonhardt, WJ Leontiev, VM LeVine, MJ Li, Q Liaw, CJ Lin, J Lindenbaum, SJ Lindenstruth, V Lindstrom, PJ Lisa, MA Liu, F Liu, L Liu, Z Liu, QJ Ljubicic, T Llope, WJ LoCurto, G Long, H Longacre, RS Lopez-Noriega, M Love, WA Lynn, D Maier, R Majka, R Margetis, S Markert, C Martin, L Marx, J Matis, HS Matulenko, YA McParland, C McShane, TS Meier, J Meissner, F Melnick, Y Meschanin, A Messer, M Middlekamp, P Miller, B Miller, ML Milosevich, Z Minaev, NG Minor, B Mitchell, J Mogavero, E Moiseenko, VA Moltz, D Moore, CF Morozov, V de Moura, MM Munhoz, MG Mutchler, GS Nelson, JM Nevski, P Nguyen, M Nguyen, T Nikitin, VA Nogach, LV Noggle, T Norman, B Nurushev, SB Nussbaum, T Nuystrand, J Odyniec, G Ogawa, A Ogilvie, CA Okorokov, V Olchanski, K Oldenburg, M Olson, D Ott, G Padrazo, D Paic, G Pandey, SU Panebratsev, Y Panitkin, SY Pavlinov, AI Pawlak, T Perevoztchikov, V Peryt, W Petrov, VA Pinganaud, W Pirogov, S Platner, E Pluta, J Polk, I Porile, N Porter, J Poskanzer, AM Potrebenikova, E Prindle, D Pruneau, C Puskar-Pasewicz, J Rai, G Rasson, J Ravel, O Ray, RL Razin, SV Reichhold, D Reid, JG Renfordt, RE Retiere, F Ridiger, A Riso, J Ritter, HG Roberts, JB Roehrich, D Rogachevski, OV Romero, JL Roy, C Russ, D Rykov, V Sakrejda, I Sanchez, R Sandler, Z Salur, S Sandweiss, J Saulys, AC Savin, I Schambach, J Scharenberg, RP Scheblien, J Scheetz, R Schlueter, R Schmitz, N Schroeder, LS Schulz, M Schuttauf, A Schweda, K Sedlmeir, J Seger, J Seliverstov, D Seyboth, P Seymour, R Shahaliev, E Shestermanov, KE Shimanskii, SS Shuman, D Shvetcov, VS Skoro, G Smirnov, N Smykov, LP Snellings, R Solberg, K Sorensen, P Sowinski, J Spinka, HM Srivastava, B Stephenson, EJ Stock, R Stolpovsky, A Stone, N Strikhanov, M Stringfellow, B Stroebele, H Struck, C Suaide, AAP Sugarbaker, E Suire, C Sumbera, M Symons, TJM de Toledo, AS Szarwas, P Tai, A Takahashi, J Tang, AH Tarchini, A Tarzian, J Thomas, JH Thompson, M Tikhomirov, V Tokarev, M Tonjes, MB Tonse, S Trainor, TA Trentalange, S Tribble, RE Trofimov, V Tsai, O Turner, K Ullrich, T Underwood, DG Vakula, I Van Buren, G VanderMolen, AM Vanyashin, A Vasilevski, IM Vasiliev, AN Vigdor, SE Visser, G Voloshin, SA Vu, C Wang, F Ward, H Watson, JW Weerasundara, D Weidenbach, R Wells, R Wenaus, T Westfall, GD Whitfield, JP Whitten, C Wieman, H Willson, R Wilson, K Wirth, J Wisdom, J Wissink, SW Witt, R Wolf, J Wood, J Xu, N Xu, Z Yakutin, AE Yamamoto, E Yang, J Yepes, P Yokosawa, A Yurevich, VI Zanevski, YV Zborovsky, I Zhang, H Zhang, WM Zimmerman, D Zoulkarneev, R Zubarev, AN TI STAR detector overview SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE relativistic heavy ions; tracking detectors; electromagnetic calorimeters; gas detectors; silicon detectors ID ROOT-S(NN)=130 GEV; TPC; COLLISIONS AB An introduction to the STAR detector and a brief overview of the physics goals of the experiment are presented. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA. Univ Frankfurt, D-6000 Frankfurt, Germany. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA. Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Joint Inst Nucl Res Dubna, Lab High Energy, Dubna, Russia. Inst Rech Subatom, Strasbourg, France. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. SUBATECH, Nantes, France. Moscow Phys Engn Inst, Moscow, Russia. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Creighton Univ, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Warsaw Univ Technol, Warsaw, Poland. Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Joint Inst Nucl Res Dubna, Particle Phys Lab, Dubna, Russia. CUNY City Coll, New York, NY 10031 USA. Inst Particle Phys, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China. Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Harris, JW (reprint author), Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. EM harris@star.physics.yale.edu RI Strikhanov, Mikhail/P-7393-2014; Kisiel, Adam/O-8754-2015; Carr, Lincoln/E-3819-2016; Tikhomirov, Vladimir/M-6194-2015; Suaide, Alexandre/L-6239-2016; KHODINOV, ALEKSANDR/D-6269-2015; Okorokov, Vitaly/C-4800-2017; Skoro, Goran/F-3642-2010; Barnby, Lee/G-2135-2010; Sumbera, Michal/O-7497-2014; Skoro, Goran/P-1229-2014; Takahashi, Jun/B-2946-2012; Chen, Yu/E-3788-2012; Witt, Richard/H-3560-2012; Castillo Castellanos, Javier/G-8915-2013; Vanyashin, Aleksandr/H-7796-2013; Voloshin, Sergei/I-4122-2013; Johnson, Ian/I-2439-2013; Lednicky, Richard/K-4164-2013; Zborovsky, Imrich/G-7964-2014; OI Strikhanov, Mikhail/0000-0003-2586-0405; Kisiel, Adam/0000-0001-8322-9510; Carr, Lincoln/0000-0002-4848-7941; Tikhomirov, Vladimir/0000-0002-9634-0581; Suaide, Alexandre/0000-0003-2847-6556; KHODINOV, ALEKSANDR/0000-0003-3551-5808; Okorokov, Vitaly/0000-0002-7162-5345; Fisyak, Yuri/0000-0002-3151-8377; Sorensen, Paul/0000-0001-5056-9391; Barnby, Lee/0000-0001-7357-9904; Sumbera, Michal/0000-0002-0639-7323; Skoro, Goran/0000-0001-7745-9045; Takahashi, Jun/0000-0002-4091-1779; Castillo Castellanos, Javier/0000-0002-5187-2779; Vanyashin, Aleksandr/0000-0002-0367-5666; Thomas, James/0000-0002-6256-4536 NR 27 TC 415 Z9 416 U1 0 U2 24 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 499 IS 2-3 BP 624 EP 632 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01960-5 PG 9 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 664HK UT WOS:000182055500025 ER PT J AU Bergsma, F Blyth, CO Brown, RL Dieffenbach, W Etkin, A Foley, KJ Giudici, PA Leonhardt, WJ Love, W Mills, JA Phillips, D Polk, I Roger, ES Rosas, P Sandberg, J Scheblein, JA Schlueter, RD Toldo, F Trentalange, S Wieman, H AF Bergsma, F Blyth, CO Brown, RL Dieffenbach, W Etkin, A Foley, KJ Giudici, PA Leonhardt, WJ Love, W Mills, JA Phillips, D Polk, I Roger, ES Rosas, P Sandberg, J Scheblein, JA Schlueter, RD Toldo, F Trentalange, S Wieman, H TI The STAR detector magnet subsystem SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article AB We describe the specification and design, construction and mapping of the STAR magnet. Measurements demonstrate that field quality exceeds specifications for uniformity and agrees with design values. (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Trentalange, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. NR 3 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 499 IS 2-3 BP 633 EP 639 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01961-7 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 664HK UT WOS:000182055500026 ER PT J AU Bellwied, R Beuttenmuller, R Caines, H Chen, W DiMassimo, D Dyke, H Elliot, D Eremin, V Grau, M Hoffmann, GW Humanic, T Ilyashenko, I Kotov, I Kraner, HW Kuczewski, P Leonhardt, WJ Li, Z Liaw, CJ LoCurto, G Lynn, D Minor, R Munhoz, M Ott, G Pandey, SU Pruneau, C Rykov, V Schambach, J Sedlmeir, J Soja, B Sugarbaker, E Takahashi, J Willson, R AF Bellwied, R Beuttenmuller, R Caines, H Chen, W DiMassimo, D Dyke, H Elliot, D Eremin, V Grau, M Hoffmann, GW Humanic, T Ilyashenko, I Kotov, I Kraner, HW Kuczewski, P Leonhardt, WJ Li, Z Liaw, CJ LoCurto, G Lynn, D Minor, R Munhoz, M Ott, G Pandey, SU Pruneau, C Rykov, V Schambach, J Sedlmeir, J Soja, B Sugarbaker, E Takahashi, J Willson, R TI The STAR Silicon Vertex Tracker: A large area Silicon Drift Detector SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article ID LARGE MAGNETIC-FIELDS; ELECTRON CLOUDS; RESOLUTION; DYNAMICS AB The Solenoidal Tracker At RHIC-Silicon Vertex Tracker (STAR-SVT) is a three-barrel microvertex detector based upon silicon drift detector (SDD) technology. As designed for the STAR-SVT, (SDDs) are capable of providing unambiguous two-dimensional hit position measurements with resolutions on the order of 20 mum in each coordinate. In addition, a high-resolution energy loss measurement in the three layers of the SVT enables good particle identification. We describe features of the design of the STAR-SVT SDDs and electronics that are motivated by such characteristics. We also detail the mechanical structure, assembly procedures, and performance characteristics of the completed device. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Univ Sao Paulo, BR-05508 Sao Paulo, Brazil. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. RP Bellwied, R (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Bldg 510A,POB 5000, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Takahashi, Jun/B-2946-2012 OI Takahashi, Jun/0000-0002-4091-1779 NR 22 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 499 IS 2-3 BP 640 EP 651 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01962-9 PG 12 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 664HK UT WOS:000182055500027 ER PT J AU Anderson, M Berkovitz, J Betts, W Bossingham, R Bieser, F Brown, R Burks, M Sanchez, MCD Cebra, D Cherney, M Chrin, J Edwards, WR Ghazikhanian, V Greiner, D Gilkes, M Hardtke, D Harper, G Hjort, E Huang, H Igo, G Jacobson, S Keane, D Klein, SR Koehler, G Kotchenda, L Lasiuk, B Lebedev, A Lin, J Lisa, M Matis, HS Nystrand, J Panitkin, S Reichold, D Retiere, F Sakrejda, I Schweda, K Shuman, D Snellings, R Stone, N Stringfellow, B Thomas, JH Trainor, T Trentalange, S Wells, R Whitten, C Wieman, H Yamamoto, E Zhang, W AF Anderson, M Berkovitz, J Betts, W Bossingham, R Bieser, F Brown, R Burks, M Sanchez, MCD Cebra, D Cherney, M Chrin, J Edwards, WR Ghazikhanian, V Greiner, D Gilkes, M Hardtke, D Harper, G Hjort, E Huang, H Igo, G Jacobson, S Keane, D Klein, SR Koehler, G Kotchenda, L Lasiuk, B Lebedev, A Lin, J Lisa, M Matis, HS Nystrand, J Panitkin, S Reichold, D Retiere, F Sakrejda, I Schweda, K Shuman, D Snellings, R Stone, N Stringfellow, B Thomas, JH Trainor, T Trentalange, S Wells, R Whitten, C Wieman, H Yamamoto, E Zhang, W TI The STAR time projection chamber: a unique tool for studying high multiplicity events at RHIC SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE detectors TPC; time projection chambers; drift chamber; heavy ions ID ROOT-S(NN)=130 GEV; TPC; CALIBRATION; COLLISIONS; SYSTEM AB The STAR Time Projection Chamber (TPC) is used to record the collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. The TPC is the central element in a suite of detectors that surrounds the interaction vertex. The TPC provides complete coverage around the beam-line, and provides complete tracking for charged particles within +/- 1.8 units of pseudo-rapidity of the center-of-mass frame. Charged particles with momenta greater than 100 MeV/c are recorded. Multiplicities in excess of 3000 tracks per event are routinely reconstructed in the software. The TPC measures 4 m in diameter by 4.2 m long, making it the largest TPC in the world. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Creighton Univ, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA. St Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, Gatchina 188350, Russia. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Thomas, JH (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jhthomas@lbl.gov OI Thomas, James/0000-0002-6256-4536 NR 24 TC 367 Z9 372 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 499 IS 2-3 BP 659 EP 678 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01964-2 PG 20 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 664HK UT WOS:000182055500029 ER PT J AU Anderson, M Bieser, F Bossingham, R Cebra, D Hjort, EL Klein, SR Kleinfelder, S Vu, CQ Wieman, H AF Anderson, M Bieser, F Bossingham, R Cebra, D Hjort, EL Klein, SR Kleinfelder, S Vu, CQ Wieman, H TI A readout system for the STAR time projection chamber SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article ID TPC; ELECTRONICS; DETECTOR AB We describe the readout electronics for the STAR Time Projection Chamber. The system is made up of 136,608 channels of waveform digitizer, each sampling 512 time samples at 6-12 Mega-samples per second. The noise level is about 1000 electrons, and the dynamic range is 800:1, allowing for good energy loss (dE/dx) measurement for particles with energy losses up to 40 times minimum ionizing. The system is functioning well, with more than 99% of the channels working within specifications. (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Klein, SR (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 15 TC 27 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 499 IS 2-3 BP 679 EP 691 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01965-4 PG 13 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 664HK UT WOS:000182055500030 ER PT J AU Abele, J Berkovitz, J Boehm, J Brandin, A Gushin, E Harper, G Lebedev, A Love, WA Ridiger, A Strikhanov, M Weidenbach, J Wells, R Wolf, J Wirth, J Wieman, HH AF Abele, J Berkovitz, J Boehm, J Brandin, A Gushin, E Harper, G Lebedev, A Love, WA Ridiger, A Strikhanov, M Weidenbach, J Wells, R Wolf, J Wirth, J Wieman, HH TI The laser system for the STAR time projection chamber SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE detectors; laser; Time Projection Chamber; calibration; heavy ions AB The Time Projection Chamber (TPC) is the core tracking detector for the STAR experiment at RHIC. To determine spatial distortions, calibrate and monitor the TPC, a laser calibration system has been built. We developed a novel design to produce similar to500 thin laser beams simulating straight particle tracks in the TPC volume. The new approach is significantly simpler than the traditional ones, and provides a higher TPC coverage at a reduced cost. During RHIC 2000 and 2001 runs the laser system was used to monitor the TPC performance and measure drift velocity with similar to0.02% accuracy. Additional runs were recorded with and without magnetic field to check E x B corrections. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Lebedev, A (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Strikhanov, Mikhail/P-7393-2014 OI Strikhanov, Mikhail/0000-0003-2586-0405 NR 17 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 499 IS 2-3 BP 692 EP 702 AR PII S0168-9002(02)01966-6 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01966-6 PG 11 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 664HK UT WOS:000182055500031 ER PT J AU Kotchenda, L Kozlov, S Kravtsov, P Markov, A Strikhanov, M Stringfellow, B Trofimov, V Wells, R Wieman, H AF Kotchenda, L Kozlov, S Kravtsov, P Markov, A Strikhanov, M Stringfellow, B Trofimov, V Wells, R Wieman, H TI STAR TPC gas system SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article AB The STAR TPC (Time Projection Chamber) Gas System supplies either of two mixtures, P10 (Ar 90% + CH4 10%) or C2H6 50% + He 50%, to the STAR TPC (STAR Project, Brookhaven, USA) at a controlled pressure. This system regulates the pressure and composition of the gas while monitoring gas temperature, O-2 and H2O. A computer data acquisition system collects and logs the gas system parameters, controls the purification: of the recirculating mixture. A separate alarm and interlock system prevents the TPC from operating under unsafe conditions. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. St Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, Gatchina 188350, Russia. Moscow Engn Phys Inst, Moscow 115409, Russia. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Stringfellow, B (reprint author), Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RI Strikhanov, Mikhail/P-7393-2014 OI Strikhanov, Mikhail/0000-0003-2586-0405 NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 499 IS 2-3 BP 703 EP 712 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01967-8 PG 10 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 664HK UT WOS:000182055500032 ER PT J AU Ackermann, KH Bieser, F Brady, FP Cebra, D Draper, JE Eckardt, V Eggert, T Fessler, H Foley, KJ Ghazikhanian, V Hallman, TJ Heffner, M Hummler, H Klay, J Klein, SR Lebedev, A LeVine, MJ Ljubicic, T Lo Curto, G Longacre, RS Oldenburg, M Ritter, HG Romero, JL Schmitz, N Schuttauf, A Seyboth, J Seyboth, P Vidal, M Whitten, C Yamamoto, E AF Ackermann, KH Bieser, F Brady, FP Cebra, D Draper, JE Eckardt, V Eggert, T Fessler, H Foley, KJ Ghazikhanian, V Hallman, TJ Heffner, M Hummler, H Klay, J Klein, SR Lebedev, A LeVine, MJ Ljubicic, T Lo Curto, G Longacre, RS Oldenburg, M Ritter, HG Romero, JL Schmitz, N Schuttauf, A Seyboth, J Seyboth, P Vidal, M Whitten, C Yamamoto, E TI The forward time projection chamber in STAR SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE Time Projection Chamber; laser calibration; readout electronics; track reconstruction ID TPC AB Two cylindrical forward TPC detectors are described which were constructed to extend the phase space coverage of the STAR experiment to the region 2.5 < \eta\ < 4.0. For optimal use of the available space and in order to cope with the high track density of central Au+Au collisions at RHIC, a novel design was developed using radial drift in a low diffusion gas. From prototype measurements a 2-track resolution of 1-2 mm is expected. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Eckardt, V (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. NR 13 TC 61 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 499 IS 2-3 BP 713 EP 719 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01968-X PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 664HK UT WOS:000182055500033 ER PT J AU Beddo, M Bielick, E Fornek, T Guarino, V Hill, D Krueger, K LeCompte, T Lopiano, D Spinka, H Underwood, D Yokosawa, A Brown, R Christie, W Hallman, T Ljubicic, T Padrazo, D Ivanshin, YI Savin, IA Shvetsov, VS Zulkarneev, RY Balewski, J Bland, LC Hunt, W Jacobs, WW Klyachko, A Planinic, M Razin, S Rinckel, T Solberg, KA Sowinski, J Stephensen, EJ Vigdor, SE Wissink, SW Akimenko, SA Derevschikov, AA Konstantinov, AS Leontiev, VA Matulenko, YA Melnick, Y Meschanin, AP Mikhalin, NE Minaev, NG Nogach, LV Nurushev, SB Shestermanov, KE Vasiliev, AV Yakutin, AE Bieser, F Carroll, JB Chen, H Filimonov, K Holmes, B Hunter, J Jared, R Klay, J Krieger, B Merrick, T Marx, J Minor, R Risk, G Salz, P Vu, C Tonjes, MB Vander Molen, AM Westfall, GD Heppelmann, S Ogawa, A Eppley, G Llope, W Platner, E Ghazikhanian, V Igo, GJ Trentalange, S Tsai, OD Whitten, C Belikov, NI Bennett, S Bordiukov, A Chattopadhyay, S Cormier, TM de Moura, MM Egorov, A Filippov, Y Funk, W Goncharenko, YM Grachov, OA Kormilitsyne, V Lavrentiev, V Lesovoy, O Li, Q Pavlinov, AI Petrov, V Pirogov, I Pompei, F Riso, J Rykov, VL Shamsoutdinov, G Stolpovsky, AV Suaide, AAP Vilkov, A Voloshin, SA Wang, Q AF Beddo, M Bielick, E Fornek, T Guarino, V Hill, D Krueger, K LeCompte, T Lopiano, D Spinka, H Underwood, D Yokosawa, A Brown, R Christie, W Hallman, T Ljubicic, T Padrazo, D Ivanshin, YI Savin, IA Shvetsov, VS Zulkarneev, RY Balewski, J Bland, LC Hunt, W Jacobs, WW Klyachko, A Planinic, M Razin, S Rinckel, T Solberg, KA Sowinski, J Stephensen, EJ Vigdor, SE Wissink, SW Akimenko, SA Derevschikov, AA Konstantinov, AS Leontiev, VA Matulenko, YA Melnick, Y Meschanin, AP Mikhalin, NE Minaev, NG Nogach, LV Nurushev, SB Shestermanov, KE Vasiliev, AV Yakutin, AE Bieser, F Carroll, JB Chen, H Filimonov, K Holmes, B Hunter, J Jared, R Klay, J Krieger, B Merrick, T Marx, J Minor, R Risk, G Salz, P Vu, C Tonjes, MB Vander Molen, AM Westfall, GD Heppelmann, S Ogawa, A Eppley, G Llope, W Platner, E Ghazikhanian, V Igo, GJ Trentalange, S Tsai, OD Whitten, C Belikov, NI Bennett, S Bordiukov, A Chattopadhyay, S Cormier, TM de Moura, MM Egorov, A Filippov, Y Funk, W Goncharenko, YM Grachov, OA Kormilitsyne, V Lavrentiev, V Lesovoy, O Li, Q Pavlinov, AI Petrov, V Pirogov, I Pompei, F Riso, J Rykov, VL Shamsoutdinov, G Stolpovsky, AV Suaide, AAP Vilkov, A Voloshin, SA Wang, Q TI The STAR barrel electromagnetic calorimeter SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article ID RESEARCH-AND-DEVELOPMENT; CDF AB Details concerning the design, fabrication and performance of the STAR Barrel Electromagnetic Calorimeter are presented. (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Wayne State Univ, Dept Phys, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Div Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Dubna Joint Nucl Res Inst, Lab Particle Phys, Dubna 141980, Russia. Indiana Univ, Cyclotron Facil, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA. Protvino High Energy Phys Inst, Protvino 142284, Russia. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Rice Univ, Dept Phys, Houston, TX 77251 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Wayne State Univ, Dept Phys, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. RP Cormier, TM (reprint author), Wayne State Univ, Dept Phys, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. RI Planinic, Mirko/E-8085-2012; Voloshin, Sergei/I-4122-2013; Suaide, Alexandre/L-6239-2016 OI Suaide, Alexandre/0000-0003-2847-6556 NR 5 TC 123 Z9 123 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 499 IS 2-3 BP 725 EP 739 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01970-8 PG 15 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 664HK UT WOS:000182055500035 ER PT J AU Allgower, CE Anderson, BD Baldwin, AR Balewski, J Belt-Tonjes, M Bland, LC Brown, RL Cadman, RV Christie, W Cyliax, I Dunin, V Efimov, L Eppley, G Gagliardi, CA Gagunashvili, N Hallman, T Hunt, W Jacobs, WW Klyachko, A Krueger, K Kulikov, A Ogawa, A Panebratsev, Y Planinic, M Puskar-Pasewicz, J Rakness, G Razin, S Rogachevski, O Shimansky, S Solberg, KA Sowinski, J Spinka, H Stephenson, EJ Tikhomirov, V Tokarev, M Tribble, RE Uunderwood, D Vander Molen, AM Vigdor, SE Watson, JW Westfall, G Wissink, SW Yokosawa, A Yurevich, V Zhang, WM Zubarev, A AF Allgower, CE Anderson, BD Baldwin, AR Balewski, J Belt-Tonjes, M Bland, LC Brown, RL Cadman, RV Christie, W Cyliax, I Dunin, V Efimov, L Eppley, G Gagliardi, CA Gagunashvili, N Hallman, T Hunt, W Jacobs, WW Klyachko, A Krueger, K Kulikov, A Ogawa, A Panebratsev, Y Planinic, M Puskar-Pasewicz, J Rakness, G Razin, S Rogachevski, O Shimansky, S Solberg, KA Sowinski, J Spinka, H Stephenson, EJ Tikhomirov, V Tokarev, M Tribble, RE Uunderwood, D Vander Molen, AM Vigdor, SE Watson, JW Westfall, G Wissink, SW Yokosawa, A Yurevich, V Zhang, WM Zubarev, A TI The STAR endcap electromagnetic calorimeter SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE detectors; electromagnetic calorimeter; pi(0)/gamma discrimination; electron/hadron discrimination ID SYSTEM AB The STAR endcap electromagnetic calorimeter will provide full azimuthal coverage for high-P-T photons, electrons and electromagnetically decaying mesons over the pseudorapidity range 1.086 less than or equal to eta less than or equal to 2.00. It includes a scintillating-strip shower-maximum detector to provide pi(0)/gamma discrimination and preshower and postshower layers to aid in distinguishing between electrons and charged hadrons. The triggering capabilities and coverage it offers are crucial for much of the spin physics program to be carried out in polarized proton-proton collisions. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Indiana Univ, Cyclotron Facil, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA. Kent State Univ, Dept Phys, Kent, OH 44242 USA. Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Div Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, High Energy Phys Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Joint Inst Nucl Res, High Energy Phys Lab, Dubna 141980, Russia. Rice Univ, Dept Phys, Houston, TX 77251 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Inst Cyclotron, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Vigdor, SE (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Cyclotron Facil, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA. RI Planinic, Mirko/E-8085-2012; Tikhomirov, Vladimir/M-6194-2015 OI Tikhomirov, Vladimir/0000-0002-9634-0581 NR 11 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 499 IS 2-3 BP 740 EP 750 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01971-X PG 11 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 664HK UT WOS:000182055500036 ER PT J AU Landgraf, JM LeVine, MJ Ljubicic, A Nelson, JM Padrazo, D Schulz, MW AF Landgraf, JM LeVine, MJ Ljubicic, A Nelson, JM Padrazo, D Schulz, MW TI An overview of the STAR DAQ system SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE data acquisition ID DATA-ACQUISITION SYSTEM; IMPLEMENTATION; MYRINET; NETWORK AB We describe the STAR Data Acquisition System. STAR is one of four experiments commissioned at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) at BNL in 1999 and 2000. DAQ combines custom VME-based receiver electronics with off-the-shelf computers in a parallel architecture interconnected with a Myrinet network. Events of size 80 MB are processed at input rates up to 100 Hz. Events are reduced to 10 MB by zero suppression performed in hardware using custom-designed ASICs. A Level 3 Trigger reconstructs tracks in real time and provides a physics-based filter to further reduce the sustained out put data rate to similar to 30 MB/s. Built events are sent via Gigabit Ethernet to the RHIC Computing Facility and stored to tape using HPSS. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. Univ Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. RP Landgraf, JM (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 8 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 499 IS 2-3 BP 762 EP 765 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01973-3 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 664HK UT WOS:000182055500038 ER PT J AU Bieser, FS Crawford, HJ Engelage, J Eppley, G Greiner, LC Judd, EG Klein, SR Meissner, F Minor, R Milosevich, Z Mutchler, G Nelson, JM Schambach, J VanderMolen, AS Ward, H Yepes, P AF Bieser, FS Crawford, HJ Engelage, J Eppley, G Greiner, LC Judd, EG Klein, SR Meissner, F Minor, R Milosevich, Z Mutchler, G Nelson, JM Schambach, J VanderMolen, AS Ward, H Yepes, P TI The STAR trigger SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article AB We describe the trigger system that we designed and implemented for the STAR detector at RHIC. This is a 10 MHz pipelined system based on fast detector output that controls the event selection for the much slower tracking detectors. Results from the first run are presented and new detectors for the 2001 run are discussed. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Crawford, HJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 3 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 499 IS 2-3 BP 766 EP 777 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01974-5 PG 12 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 664HK UT WOS:000182055500039 ER PT J AU Adler, C Berger, J Demello, M Dietel, T Flierl, D Landgraf, J Lange, JS LeVine, MJ Ljubicic, A Nelson, J Roehrich, D Stock, R Struck, C Yepes, P AF Adler, C Berger, J Demello, M Dietel, T Flierl, D Landgraf, J Lange, JS LeVine, MJ Ljubicic, A Nelson, J Roehrich, D Stock, R Struck, C Yepes, P TI The STAR Level-3 trigger system SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE trigger; data acquisition; nucleus-nucleus collisions; proton-proton collisions ID COLLISIONS AB The STAR Level-3 trigger issues a trigger decision upon a complete online reconstruction of Au + An collisions at relativistic heavy ion collider energies. Central interactions are processed up to a rate of 50 s(-1) including a simple analysis of physics observables. The setup of the processor farm and the event reconstruction as well as experiences and the proposed trigger algorithms are described. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Goethe Univ Frankfurt, D-60486 Frankfurt, Germany. Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. Univ Bergen, N-5007 Bergen, Norway. RP Lange, JS (reprint author), Goethe Univ Frankfurt, August Euler Str 6, D-60486 Frankfurt, Germany. EM soeren@bnl.gov NR 13 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 EI 1872-9576 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 499 IS 2-3 BP 778 EP 791 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01975-7 PG 14 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 664HK UT WOS:000182055500040 ER PT J AU Reichhold, D Bieser, F Bordua, M Cherney, M Chrin, J Dunlop, JC Ferguson, MI Ghazikhanian, V Gross, J Harper, G Howe, M Jacobson, S Klein, SR Kravtsov, P Lewis, S Lin, J Lionberger, C LoCurto, G McParland, C McShane, T Meier, J Sakrejda, I Sandler, Z Schambach, J Shi, Y Willson, R Yamamoto, E Zhang, W AF Reichhold, D Bieser, F Bordua, M Cherney, M Chrin, J Dunlop, JC Ferguson, MI Ghazikhanian, V Gross, J Harper, G Howe, M Jacobson, S Klein, SR Kravtsov, P Lewis, S Lin, J Lionberger, C LoCurto, G McParland, C McShane, T Meier, J Sakrejda, I Sandler, Z Schambach, J Shi, Y Willson, R Yamamoto, E Zhang, W TI Hardware controls for the STAR experiment at RHIC SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE control systems; EPICS ID SYSTEM; TPC AB The STAR detector sits in a high radiation area when operating normally; therefore it was necessary to develop a robust system to remotely control all hardware. The STAR hardware controls system monitors and controls a:approximately 14,000 parameters in the STAR detector. Voltages, currents, temperatures, and other parameters are monitored. Effort has been minimized by the adoption of experiment-wide standards and the use of pre-packaged software tools. The system is based on the Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System (EPICS) [1]. VME processors communicate with subsystem-based sensors over a variety of field busses, with High-level Data Link Control (HDLC),being the most prevalent. Other features of the system include interfaces to accelerator and magnet control systems, a web-based archiver., and C + +-based communication between STAR online, run control and hardware controls and their associated databases. The system has been designed for easy expansion as new detector elements are installed in STAR. (C) 002 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Creighton Univ, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Moscow Engn Phys Inst, Moscow 115409, Russia. Univ Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA. RP Reichhold, D (reprint author), Creighton Univ, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 499 IS 2-3 BP 792 EP 801 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01976-9 PG 10 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 664HK UT WOS:000182055500041 ER PT J AU Matis, HS Brown, RL Christie, W Edwards, WR Jared, R Minor, B Salz, P AF Matis, HS Brown, RL Christie, W Edwards, WR Jared, R Minor, B Salz, P TI Integration and conventional systems at STAR SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE integration; RHIC; grounding ID ROOT-S(NN)=130 GEV; COLLISIONS AB At the beginning of the design and construction of the STAR detector, the collaboration assigned a team of physicists and engineers the responsibility of coordinating the construction of the detector. This group managed the general space assignments for each sub-system and coordinated the assembly and planning for the detector. Furthermore, as this group was the only STAR group with the responsibility of looking at the system as a whole, the collaboration assigned it several tasks that spanned the different sub-detectors. These items included grounding, rack layout, cable distribution, electrical, power and water, and safety systems. This paper describes these systems and their performance. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Matis, HS (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 499 IS 2-3 BP 802 EP 813 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01977-0 PG 12 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 664HK UT WOS:000182055500042 ER PT J AU Gibbard, BD Throwe, TG AF Gibbard, BD Throwe, TG TI The RHIC computing facility SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE computing; heavy ions; physics AB A description of the RHIC Computing Facility at Brookhaven National Laboratory is given. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Throwe, TG (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 499 IS 2-3 BP 814 EP 818 AR PII S0168-9002(02)01978-2 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01978-2 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 664HK UT WOS:000182055500043 ER PT J AU Chan, AW Hogue, RW Throwe, TG Yanuklis, TA AF Chan, AW Hogue, RW Throwe, TG Yanuklis, TA TI The linux farms of the RHIC computing facility SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE computing; linux; cluster AB A description of the history, current status and future of the Linux Compute Farms at the RHIC Computing Facility. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Throwe, TG (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 499 IS 2-3 BP 819 EP 824 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01979-4 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 664HK UT WOS:000182055500044 ER PT J AU Harlander, R Kilgore, W AF Harlander, R Kilgore, W TI Scalar and pseudo-scalar Higgs production at hadron colliders SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Symposium on Radiative Corrections/6th Zeuthen Workshop on Elementary Particle Theory CY SEP 08-13, 2002 CL KLOSTER BANZ, GERMANY SP DESY ID BOSON PRODUCTION; QCD; ORDER AB The evaluation of the NNLO QCD corrections to the production of a scalar and a pseudo-scalar Higgs boson is described. C1 CERN, Div TH, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, HET, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP CERN, Div TH, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. EM robert.harlander@cern.ch NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 EI 1873-3832 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 116 BP 168 EP 172 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(02)02333-2 PG 5 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 656FP UT WOS:000181579300032 ER PT J AU Bern, Z De Freitas, A Dixon, L AF Bern, Z De Freitas, A Dixon, L TI Two-loop corrections to gg ->gamma gamma SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Symposium on Radiative Corrections/6th Zeuthen Workshop on Elementary Particle Theory CY SEP 08-13, 2002 CL KLOSTER BANZ, GERMANY SP DESY ID 2-LOOP QCD CORRECTIONS; DOUBLE-PHOTON PRODUCTION; MASS HIGGS-BOSON; LIGHT-LIKE LEGS; HELICITY AMPLITUDES; GAUGE-THEORIES; DIFFERENCE-EQUATIONS; GLUON SCATTERING; MASTER INTEGRALS; PAIR PRODUCTION AB An overview of the calculation of the two-loop helicity amplitudes for scattering of two gluons into two photons is presented. These matrix elements enter into the recent improved calculation of the QCD background to Higgs boson decay into a pair of photons, which is the preferred search mode at the LHC for the case of a light Higgs boson. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Bern, Z (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. NR 51 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 116 BP 173 EP 177 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(02)02334-4 PG 5 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 656FP UT WOS:000181579300033 ER PT J AU Bern, Z Dixon, L Schmidt, C AF Bern, Z Dixon, L Schmidt, C TI The di-photon background to a light Higgs boson at the LHC SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Symposium on Radiative Corrections/6th Zeuthen Workshop on Elementary Particle Theory CY SEP 08-13, 2002 CL KLOSTER BANZ, GERMANY SP DESY ID TO-LEADING ORDER; PAIR PRODUCTION; HADRON COLLIDERS; QCD CORRECTIONS; COLLISIONS; SEARCH; PROTON; JET AB Recent years have seen a significant advance in our ability to calculate two-loop matrix elements. In this talk we describe an application of this breakthrough to improve our understanding of the background to the search for a light Higgs boson at the LHC. In particular, we focus on the QCD corrections to the gluon fusion subprocess gg --> gammagamma, which forms an important component of the background in the di-photon channel. We find that the K factor for this subprocess is significantly smaller than estimated previously. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Bern, Z (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. NR 37 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 116 BP 178 EP 182 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(02)02335-6 PG 5 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 656FP UT WOS:000181579300034 ER PT J AU Anastasiou, C Dixon, L Melnikov, K AF Anastasiou, C Dixon, L Melnikov, K TI NLO Higgs boson rapidity distributions at hadron colliders SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Symposium on Radiative Corrections/6th Zeuthen Workshop on Elementary Particle Theory CY SEP 08-13, 2002 CL KLOSTER BANZ, GERMANY SP DESY ID TO-LEADING ORDER; QCD CORRECTIONS; PROTON COLLIDERS; COLLISIONS; ALGORITHM; LOOPS AB We describe a new method, based on an extension of the unitarity cutting rules proposed in Ref. [2], which is very efficient for the algorithmic evaluation of phase-space integrals for various differential distributions. As a first application, we compute the next-to-leading order normalized rapidity distribution of the CP-even and the CP-odd Higgs boson produced in hadron collisions through gluon fusion. We work in the heavy top-quark approximation; we find that the NLO corrections at the LHC are approximately 5% in the zero rapidity region. C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Univ Hawaii, Dept Phys & Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. EM babis@slac.stanford.edu NR 23 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 EI 1873-3832 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 116 BP 193 EP 197 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(02)02338-1 PG 5 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 656FP UT WOS:000181579300037 ER PT J AU Dawson, S Orr, LH Reina, L Wackeroth, D AF Dawson, S Orr, LH Reina, L Wackeroth, D TI NLO QCD predictions for associated t(t)over-bar-h production in hadronic collisions SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Symposium on Radiative Corrections/6th Zeuthen Workshop on Elementary Particle Theory CY SEP 08-13, 2002 CL KLOSTER BANZ, GERMANY SP DESY ID ONE-LOOP INTEGRALS; CROSS-SECTIONS; HIGGS-BOSON; RADIATIVE-CORRECTIONS; FERMILAB TEVATRON; DISCOVERY MODE; COLLIDERS AB We present the next-to-leading-order (NLO) QCD corrections to the inclusive total cross section for the production of a Higgs boson in association with a top anti-top quark pair within the Standard Model at the Tevatron and the LHC. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. Florida State Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. SUNY Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. RP Dawson, S (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 116 BP 207 EP 211 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(02)02341-1 PG 5 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 656FP UT WOS:000181579300040 ER PT J AU Deile, M AF Deile, M CA Muon G2 Collaboration TI News from the Muon (g-2) experiment at BNL SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Symposium on Radiative Corrections/6th Zeuthen Workshop on Elementary Particle Theory CY SEP 08-13, 2002 CL KLOSTER BANZ, GERMANY SP DESY ID ANOMALOUS MAGNETIC-MOMENT; NMR AB The magnetic moment anomaly a(mu) = (g(mu) - 2)/2 of the positive muon has been measured at the Brookhaven Alternating Gradient Synchrotron with an uncertainty of 0.7 ppm. The new result, based on data taken in 2000, agrees well with previous measurements. Standard Model evaluations currently differ from the experimental result by 1.6 to 3.0 standard deviations. C1 Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. Cornell Univ, Newman Lab, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. Univ Groningen, Kernfys Versneller Inst, NL-9747 AA Groningen, Netherlands. Univ Heidelberg, Inst Phys, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. KEK, High Energy Accelerator Res Org, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. Univ Minnesota, Dept Phys, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Tokyo Inst Technol, Tokyo 152, Japan. RP Deile, M (reprint author), Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. OI Gray, Frederick/0000-0003-4073-8336 NR 15 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 116 BP 215 EP 219 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(02)02342-3 PG 5 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 656FP UT WOS:000181579300041 ER PT J AU Ghinculov, A Hurth, T Isidori, G Yao, YP AF Ghinculov, A Hurth, T Isidori, G Yao, YP TI NNLL QCD corrections to the decay B -> Chi(s)l(+)l(-) SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Symposium on Radiative Corrections/6th Zeuthen Workshop on Elementary Particle Theory CY SEP 08-13, 2002 CL KLOSTER BANZ, GERMANY SP DESY ID VIRTUAL CORRECTIONS; LEADING LOGARITHMS; STANDARD MODEL; B->SL(+)L(-); B->S+GAMMA; B->S-GAMMA AB We briefly discuss the status of the NNLL QCD calculations in the inclusive rare B decay B --> X(s)l(+)l(-). Two important ingredients, the two-loop matrix elements of the four quark operator O-2 and the bremsstrahlung contributions, were quite recently finalised. The new contributions significantly improve the sensitivity of the inclusive decay B --> X(s)l(+)l(-) decay in testing extensions of the standard model in the sector of flavour dynamics,for instance the two-loop calculation cuts the low-scale uncertainty in half and the bremsstrahlung calculation leads to a 10% shift of the position of the zero of the forward-backward asymmetry. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. CERN, Div Theoret Phys, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Michigan, Randall Lab Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Ghinculov, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. NR 19 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 116 BP 284 EP 288 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(02)02355-1 PG 5 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 656FP UT WOS:000181579300054 ER PT J AU Freitas, A Heinemeyer, S Weiglein, G AF Freitas, A Heinemeyer, S Weiglein, G TI Two-loop results for M-w in the standard model and the MSSM SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Symposium on Radiative Corrections/6th Zeuthen Workshop on Elementary Particle Theory CY SEP 08-13, 2002 CL KLOSTER BANZ, GERMANY SP DESY ID VACUUM-POLARIZATION FUNCTIONS; HEAVY-TOP; ELECTROWEAK PARAMETERS; 2-LOOP CORRECTIONS; QCD CORRECTIONS; HIGGS-MASS; RADIATIVE-CORRECTIONS; RHO-PARAMETER; MUON LIFETIME; DELTA-R AB Recent higher-order results for the prediction of the W-boson mass within the Standard Model are reviewed and an estimate of the remaining theoretical uncertainties of the electroweak precision observables is given. Furthermore, leading electroweak two-loop contributions to the precision observables within the MSSM are discussed. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. LMU Munchen, Inst Theoret Elementarteilchenphys, D-80333 Munich, Germany. Univ Durham, Inst Particle Phys Phenomenol, Durham DH1 3LE, England. RP Freitas, A (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 46 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 116 BP 331 EP 335 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(02)02364-2 PG 5 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 656FP UT WOS:000181579300063 ER PT J AU Becker, T Melnikov, K AF Becker, T Melnikov, K TI Continuum methods in lattice perturbation theory SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Symposium on Radiative Corrections/6th Zeuthen Workshop on Elementary Particle Theory CY SEP 08-13, 2002 CL KLOSTER BANZ, GERMANY SP DESY ID FEYNMAN DIAGRAMS; COMPUTATION; INTEGRALS; ALGORITHM AB We show how methods of continuum perturbation theory can be used to simplify perturbative lattice calculations. We use the technique of asymptotic expansions to expand lattice loop integrals around the continuum limit. After the expansion, all nontrivial dependence on momenta and masses is encoded in continuum loop integrals and the only genuine lattice integrals left are tadpole integrals. Using integration-by-parts relations all of these can be expressed in terms of a small number of master integrals. Four master integrals are needed for bosonic one loop integrals, sixteen in QCD with Wilson or staggered fermions. C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Univ Hawaii, Dept Phys & Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP Becker, T (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 116 BP 407 EP 411 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(02)02379-4 PG 5 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 656FP UT WOS:000181579300078 ER PT J AU Marciano, WJ AF Marciano, WJ TI RADCOR 2002: Conclusions and outlook SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Symposium on Radiative Corrections/6th Zeuthen Workshop on Elementary Particle Theory CY SEP 08-13, 2002 CL KLOSTER BANZ, GERMANY SP DESY ID ANOMALOUS MAGNETIC-MOMENT; RADIATIVE-CORRECTIONS; HADRON COLLIDERS; STANDARD MODEL; MUON; PHYSICS; CESIUM AB General impressions of the RADCOR 2002 and Loops and Legs in Quantum Field Theory meeting axe given. The connection between experiments and quantum loop effects is illustrated by recent developments: 1) A possible signal for "New Physics" when the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon, a(mu), and precision electroweak data embodied in Deltar(m(H)) and A (r) over cap (m(H)) axe combined 2) a "strange" new twist in an old CKM unitarity test. An outlook for future expectations is also given. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM marciano@bnl.gov NR 33 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 EI 1873-3832 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 116 BP 437 EP 442 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(03)01448-8 PG 6 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 656FP UT WOS:000181579300084 ER PT J AU Difilippo, FC AF Difilippo, FC TI Monte Carlo calculations of pebble bed benchmark configurations of the PROTEUS facility SO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article AB Under the auspices of the International Atomic Energy Agency, a series of well-documented benchmark experiments were performed at the Proteus facility of the Swiss Paul Scherrer Institute. Thirteen critical pebble bed reactor configurations were assembled, with ten of them deterministic with a precise location of the low-enriched fuel and moderator pebbles. Seven of these configurations were modeled with a very high spatial resolution with the Monte Carlo code MCNP with details that go from the fuel kernel (0.5 mm in diameter) to the walls surrounding the facility. The calculations of the k's of the configurations agree quite well with the experiments (within a fraction of a dollar). A sensitivity analysis is included to discuss the possibility of a small bias; also biases introduced by customary approximations of production codes were calculated. The experiments and the analysis of this paper might be very useful tools to check the calculational accuracy of procedures used in the emerging work related to pebble bed modular gas-cooled reactors. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Difilippo, FC (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 12 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5639 J9 NUCL SCI ENG JI Nucl. Sci. Eng. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 143 IS 3 BP 240 EP 253 PG 14 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 648EB UT WOS:000181135900003 ER PT J AU Booth, TE AF Booth, TE TI Computing the higher k-eigenfunctions by Monte Carlo power iteration: A conjecture SO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article AB Most Monte Carlo transport codes estimate the fundamental k-eigenfunction by means of a power iteration method. A modified power iteration method appears to generate the higher eigenfunctions for some Monte Carlo transport problems. This technical note describes the method as well as some plausibility arguments about why the method works. At this time, no formal proof exists to show that the method converges to the desired eigenfunction. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Diagnost Applicat Grp X5, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Booth, TE (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Diagnost Applicat Grp X5, Mail Stop F663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 9 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5639 J9 NUCL SCI ENG JI Nucl. Sci. Eng. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 143 IS 3 BP 291 EP 300 PG 10 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 648EB UT WOS:000181135900007 ER PT J AU Gombert, D Richardson, JR AF Gombert, D Richardson, JR TI Cold-crucible induction melter design and development SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cold crucible; induction melter; waste vitrification AB The international process for immobilization of high-activity waste from aqueous fuel reprocessing is vitrification. In the United States joule-heated melter technology has been implemented at West Valley and the Savannah River Site, but improved melter concepts are sought to bring down the costs of processing. The cold-crucible induction melter (CCIM) design is being evaluated for many applications, including radioactive wastes because it eliminates many materials and operating constraints inherent in the baseline technology. The cold-crucible design is also smaller, less expensive, and generates much less waste for ultimate disposal. In addition, it should allow a much more flexible operating envelope, which will be crucial if the heterogeneous wastes at the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) reprocessing sites are to be vitrified. A joule-heated melter operates by passing current between water-cooled electrodes through a molten pool in a refractory-lined chamber. This design is inherently limited by susceptibility of materials to corrosion and melting, In addition, redox conditions and free metal content have exacerbated materials problems or lead to electrical short-circuiting causing failures in developmental DOE melters. In contrast, the CCIM design is based on inductive coupling of a water-cooled high-frequency electrical coil with the glass, causing eddy, currents that produce heat and mixing. While significant marketing claims have been made by technology suppliers and developers, little data is available for engineering and economic evaluation of the technology, and no facilities are available in the United States to support testing. In addition to verifying the capabilities of the technology, further development can exploit opportunities for optimization through better understanding of the electromagnetic thermal phenomena intrinsic to the cold-crucible melter. Induction frequency, applied power, and coil and crucible configuration are all related but independent variables that can be explored to optimize throughput while designing a system for maximum reliability in a remote environment. This paper is an introduction to the technology as it applies to vitrification of materials not electrically conductive at ambient temperatures, the potential for research improvements, and the new system being built at the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory. C1 Bechtel BWXT Idaho, LLC Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Gombert, D (reprint author), Bechtel BWXT Idaho, LLC Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. NR 16 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5450 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 141 IS 3 BP 301 EP 308 PG 8 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 647DJ UT WOS:000181076900006 ER PT J AU McMahon, PJ Peele, AG Paterson, D Lin, JJA Irving, THK McNulty, I Nugent, KA AF McMahon, PJ Peele, AG Paterson, D Lin, JJA Irving, THK McNulty, I Nugent, KA TI Quantitative X-ray phase tomography with sub-micron resolution SO OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION; MICROSCOPY; TRANSMISSION AB Tomographic X-ray phase reconstructions of an atomic force microscope tip with a spatial resolution of better than 900 nm are presented. The data was acquired using an X-ray energy of 1.83 keV using a zone plate based microscope at a third generation synchrotron, the Advanced Photon Source at the Argonne National Laboratory. The phase tomographic data is quantitatively accurate and we confirm that the deduced refractive index is in agreement with the known properties of the sample. Our results open the way for full 3D imaging of the complex refractive index with submicron spatial resolution. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Nugent, KA (reprint author), Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. RI Nugent, Keith/J-2699-2012; Nugent, Keith/I-4154-2016 OI Nugent, Keith/0000-0003-1522-8991; Nugent, Keith/0000-0002-4281-3478 NR 22 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0030-4018 J9 OPT COMMUN JI Opt. Commun. PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 217 IS 1-6 BP 53 EP 58 DI 10.1016/S0030-4018(02)02281-2 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA 652EC UT WOS:000181366000007 ER PT J AU Ferer, M Bromhal, GS Smith, DH AF Ferer, M Bromhal, GS Smith, DH TI Pore-level modeling of immiscible drainage: validation in the invasion percolation and DLA limits SO PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE pore-level modeling; immiscible drainage; invasion percolation; DLA ID POROUS-MEDIA; VISCOUS FINGERS; 2-PHASE FLOW; AGGREGATION; DISPLACEMENTS; SIMULATION; DYNAMICS; GROWTH AB Motivated by a wide-range of applications from ground water remediation to carbon dioxide sequestration and by difficulties in reconciling experiments with previous modeling, we have developed a pore-level model of two-phase flow in porous media. We have attempted to make our model as physical and as reliable as possible, incorporating both capillary effects and viscous effects. After a detailed discussion of the model, we validate it in the very different limits of zero capillary number and zero-viscosity ratio. Invasion percolation (IP) models the flow in the limit of zero capillary number; results from our model show detailed agreement with results from IP, for small capillary numbers. Diffusion limited aggregation (DLA) models the flow in the limit of zero-viscosity ratio; flow patterns from our model have the same fractal dimension as patterns from DLA for small viscosity ratios. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. W Virginia Univ, Dept Phys, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. RP Ferer, M (reprint author), Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. NR 32 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4371 J9 PHYSICA A JI Physica A PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 319 BP 11 EP 35 AR PII S0378-4371(02)01508-X DI 10.1016/S0378-4371(02)01508-X PG 25 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 650UA UT WOS:000181280700002 ER PT J AU Canfield, PC Bud'ko, SL Finnemore, DK AF Canfield, PC Bud'ko, SL Finnemore, DK TI An overview of the basic physical properties of MgB2 SO PHYSICA C-SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE isotope effect; critical field; anisotropy; critical current; magnetization; transport properties ID SUPERCONDUCTING MGB2; MAGNETIZATION DATA; THIN-FILMS; ANISOTROPY; FIELD AB The basic physical properties of MgB2 have been well established over the past two years of intensive research. At this point there is a general consensus about the values for the isotope shift, critical fields, most of the salient length scales, and general anisotropies. In this paper we will review the determination of these parameters and set the stage for further, more detailed discussions of specific aspects of the physics of MgB2. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Canfield, PC (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RI Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014 NR 27 TC 103 Z9 111 U1 2 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 385 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 7 AR PII S0921-4534(02)02328-6 DI 10.1016/S0921-4534(02)02328-6 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 640AG UT WOS:000180663000002 ER PT J AU Ribeiro, RA Bud'ko, SL Petrovic, C Canfield, PC AF Ribeiro, RA Bud'ko, SL Petrovic, C Canfield, PC TI Effects of boron purity, Mg stoichiometry and carbon substitution on properties of polycrystalline MgB2 SO PHYSICA C-SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE materials preparation; stoichiometry; carbon doping; transport properties ID SUPERCONDUCTING MGB2; TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; MAGNESIUM DIBORIDE; RESISTANCE AB By synthesizing MgB2 using boron of different nominal purity we found values of the residual resistivity ratio (RRR = R(300 K)/R(42 K)) from 4 to 20, which covers almost all values found in literature. To obtain high values of RRR, high purity reagents are necessary. With the isotopically pure boron we obtained the highest RRR similar to 20 for the stoichiometric compound. We also investigated (MgxB2)-B-11 samples with 0.8 < x < 1.2. For the range (Mg0.8B2)-B-11 up to (Mg1.2B2)-B-11 we found average values of RRR between 14 and 24. For smaller variations in stoichiometry (x = 1 +/- 0.1) RRR = 18 +/- 3. All of our data point to the conclusion that high RRR (similar to20) and low rho(0) (less than or equal to 0.4 muOmega cm) are intrinsic material properties associated with high purity MgB2. In addition we have performed initial work on optimizing the formation of carbon doped MgB2 via the use of B4C. Nearly single phase material can be formed by reaction of nominal Mg(B0.8C0.2)(2) for 24 h at 1200 degreesC. The T-c for this composition is between 21.9 and 22.7 K (depending on criterion). (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Ribeiro, RA (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM ribeiro@ameslab.gov RI Petrovic, Cedomir/A-8789-2009; Ribeiro, Raquel/B-9041-2012; Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014 OI Petrovic, Cedomir/0000-0001-6063-1881; Ribeiro, Raquel/0000-0001-6075-1701; NR 21 TC 65 Z9 66 U1 1 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 385 IS 1-2 BP 16 EP 23 AR PII S0921-4534(02)02326-2 DI 10.1016/S0921-4534(02)02326-2 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 640AG UT WOS:000180663000004 ER PT J AU Mazin, II Antropov, VP AF Mazin, II Antropov, VP TI Electronic structure, electron-phonon coupling, and multiband effects in MgB2 SO PHYSICA C-SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE band theory; electron-phonon interaction; multi-gap superconductivity ID SUPERCONDUCTING MGB2; ART.; BORON; ANHARMONICITY; TEMPERATURE; ANISOTROPY; RELAXATION; SCATTERING; MAGNESIUM; COVALENT AB We review the current situation in the theory of superconducting and transport properties of MgB2. First principle calculations of the electronic structure and electron-phonon coupling are discussed and compared with the experiment. We also present a brief description of the multiband effects in superconductivity and transport, and how these manifest themselves in MgB2. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Mazin, II (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 6391,4555 Overlook Ave, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Mazin, Igor/B-6576-2008 NR 67 TC 200 Z9 208 U1 4 U2 40 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 385 IS 1-2 BP 49 EP 65 AR PII S0921-4534(02)02299-2 DI 10.1016/S0921-4534(02)02299-2 PG 17 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 640AG UT WOS:000180663000008 ER PT J AU Choi, HJ Cohen, ML Louie, SG AF Choi, HJ Cohen, ML Louie, SG TI Anisotropic Eliashberg theory of MgB2: T-c, isotope effects, superconducting energy gaps, quasiparticles, and specific heat SO PHYSICA C-SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE multi-gap superconductivity; band structure; isotope effect; specific heat; phonons; Eliashberg theory; Fermi surface ID STRONG-COUPLED SUPERCONDUCTORS; TRANSITION-TEMPERATURE; ELECTRON; BORON AB The anisotropic Eliashberg formalism, employing results from the ab initio, pseudopotential density functional calculations, is applied to study the superconducting properties of MgB2. It is shown that the relatively high transition temperature of MgB2 originates from strong electron-phonon coupling of the hole states in the boron sigma-bonds although the coupling strength averaged over the Fermi surface is moderate, and the reduction of the isotope effect arises from the large anharmonicity of the relevant phonons. The superconducting energy gap is nodeless but its value varies strongly on different pieces of the Fermi surface. The gap values Delta(k) cluster into two groups at low temperature, a small value of similar to2 meV and a large value of similar to7 meV, resulting in two thresholds in the quasiparticle density of states and an increase in the specific heat at low temperature due to quasiparticle excitations over the small gap. All of these results are in good agreement with corresponding experimerits and support the view that MgB2 is a phonon-mediated multiplegap superconductor. (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, 366 LeConte Hall 7300, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM sglouie@uclink.berkeley.edu RI Choi, Hyoung Joon/N-8933-2015 OI Choi, Hyoung Joon/0000-0001-8565-8597 NR 35 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 EI 1873-2143 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 385 IS 1-2 BP 66 EP 74 AR PII S0921-4534(02)02345-6 DI 10.1016/S0921-4534(02)02345-6 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 640AG UT WOS:000180663000009 ER PT J AU Uchiyama, H Tajima, S Shen, KM Lu, DH Shen, ZX AF Uchiyama, H Tajima, S Shen, KM Lu, DH Shen, ZX TI Photoemission studies in MgB2 SO PHYSICA C-SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE photoemission spectroscopy; band structure; single crystal ID TUNNELING SPECTROSCOPY; ART.; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; SURFACE; ENERGY; LIFETIME; GAPS; BI2SR2CACU2O8+DELTA; DISPERSION; SPECTRA AB Photoemission spectroscopy measurements of MgB2 are reviewed. From angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, band dispersion is observed as is theoretically predicted, suggesting that the electronic structure of MgB2 is well described within band theory. From angle-integrated photoemission spectroscopy, a clear peak ascribed to the superconducting coherent peak is observed. The shape of the spectral line shape is consistent with the presence of s-wave gap(s). The estimated size of superconducting gap is close to the conventional BCS prediction, supporting the idea that this material is an electron-phonon mediated superconductor. At the same time, the presence of second gap with a smaller size is indicated by the high-resolution photoemission spectroscopy. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Int Superconduct Technol Ctr, Superconduct Res Lab, Koto Ku, Tokyo 1350062, Japan. Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Uchiyama, H (reprint author), Int Superconduct Technol Ctr, Superconduct Res Lab, Koto Ku, 1-10-13 Shinonome, Tokyo 1350062, Japan. EM uchiyama@istec.or.jp RI Shen, Kyle/B-3693-2008 NR 44 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 EI 1873-2143 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 385 IS 1-2 BP 85 EP 90 AR PII S0921-4534(02)02294-3 DI 10.1016/S0921-4534(02)02294-3 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 640AG UT WOS:000180663000011 ER PT J AU Hinks, DG Jorgensen, JD AF Hinks, DG Jorgensen, JD TI The isotope effect and phonons in MgB2 SO PHYSICA C-SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE isotope effect; electron-phonon interaction; transition temperature ID SUPERCONDUCTING MGB2; T-C; ART.; BORON; ANHARMONICITY; SCATTERING; COVALENT; STATES AB MgB2 shows a large isotope effect coefficient for B and a negligible coefficient for Mg. The total isotope effect is reduced from 0.5, a value that might be expected for a BCS, phonon-mediated, sp superconductor. Recent work reconciling this lower total isotope effect is reviewed with regard to the unique nature of MgB2. (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave,Bldg 223, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM hinks@anl.gov NR 28 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 EI 1873-2143 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 385 IS 1-2 BP 98 EP 104 AR PII S0921-4534(02)02309-2 DI 10.1016/S0921-4534(02)02309-2 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 640AG UT WOS:000180663000013 ER PT J AU Deemyad, S Tomita, T Hamlin, JJ Beckett, BR Schilling, JS Hinks, DG Jorgensen, JD Lee, S Tajima, S AF Deemyad, S Tomita, T Hamlin, JJ Beckett, BR Schilling, JS Hinks, DG Jorgensen, JD Lee, S Tajima, S TI Dependence of the superconducting transition temperature of single and polycrystalline MgB2 on hydrostatic pressure SO PHYSICA C-SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE hydrostatic pressure; transition temperature; single crystal ID T-C; MAGNESIUM DIBORIDE; ORGANIC CONDUCTORS; RESISTIVITY; SYSTEM; GPA AB The dependence of T-c for MgB2 on purely hydrostatic or nearly hydrostatic pressure has been determined to 29 GPa for single-crystal line and to 32 GPa for polycrystalline samples, and found to be in good agreement. T, decreases from 39 K at ambient pressure to 15 K at 32 GPa with an initial slope dT(c)/dP similar or equal to -1.11(2) K/GPa. Evidence is presented that the differing values of dT(c)/dP reported in the literature may result primarily from shear-stress effects in nonhydrostatic pressure media rather than from differences in the samples. Although comparison of these results with theory supports phonon-mediated superconductivity, a critical test of theory must await calculations based on the solution of the anisotropic Eliashberg equations as a function of the lattice parameters. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Washington Univ, Dept Phys, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. ISTEC, Superconduct Res Lab, Koto Ku, Tokyo 1350062, Japan. RP Schilling, JS (reprint author), Washington Univ, Dept Phys, CB 1105,1 Brookings Dr, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. EM schill@wuphys.wustl.edu NR 68 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 4 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 EI 1873-2143 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 385 IS 1-2 BP 105 EP 116 AR PII S0921-4534(02)02300-6 DI 10.1016/S0921-4534(02)02300-6 PG 12 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 640AG UT WOS:000180663000014 ER PT J AU Kogan, VG Bud'ko, SL AF Kogan, VG Bud'ko, SL TI Anisotropy parameters of superconducting MgB2 SO PHYSICA C-SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE upper critical field; penetration depth; anisotropy; torque ID MAGNETIZATION DATA; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; ART.; TEMPERATURE; FIELD; DEPENDENCE; COVALENT; LATTICE; BORON; FILMS AB Data on macroscopic superconducting anisotropy of MgB2 are reviewed. The data are described within a weak coupling two-gaps anisotropic s-wave model of superconductivity. The calculated ratio of the upper critical fields gamma(H) = H-c2.ab/H-c2,H-c increases with decreasing temperature in agreement with available data, whereas the calculated ratio of London penetration depths gamma(lambda) = lambda(c)/lambda(ab) decreases to reach approximate to1.1 at T = 0. Possible macroscopic consequences of gamma(lambda) not equal gamma(H) are discussed. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM kogan@ameslab.gov; budko@ameslab.gov NR 53 TC 40 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 EI 1873-2143 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 385 IS 1-2 BP 131 EP 142 AR PII S0921-4534(02)02293-1 DI 10.1016/S0921-4534(02)02293-1 PG 12 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 640AG UT WOS:000180663000016 ER PT J AU Welp, U Rydh, A Karapetrov, G Kwok, WK Crabtree, GW Marcenat, C Paulius, LM Lyard, L Klein, T Marcus, J Blanchard, S Samuely, P Szabo, P Jansen, AGM Kim, KHP Jung, CU Lee, HS Kang, B Lee, SI AF Welp, U Rydh, A Karapetrov, G Kwok, WK Crabtree, GW Marcenat, C Paulius, LM Lyard, L Klein, T Marcus, J Blanchard, S Samuely, P Szabo, P Jansen, AGM Kim, KHP Jung, CU Lee, HS Kang, B Lee, SI TI Superconducting phase diagram of single-crystal MgB2 SO PHYSICA C-SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE vortex phase diagram; specific heat; transport; magnetization; upper critical field; anisotropy; single crystal ID UPPER CRITICAL-FIELD; FLUX-LINE-LATTICE; MAGNETIZATION DATA; VORTEX LATTICE; ART.; ANISOTROPY; LUNI2B2C; YNI2B2C; SURFACE; TRANSITION AB The superconducting phase diagram of single-crystal MgB2 has been determined using magnetization, magneto-transport and specific heat measurements. A value of 9.4 nm is found for the zero-temperature in-plane coherence length. The superconducting anisotropy coefficient, gamma, increases monotonously from a value around 2 near T-c to 4.5 at low temperature. The current dependence and angular dependence of the resistive transitions give evidence for a surface superconducting state for H parallel to c which might account for the wide spread in reported values of the superconducting anisotropy. (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. CEA Grenoble, SPSMS, Dept Rech Fondamentale Mat Condensee, F-38054 Grenoble, France. CNRS, Lab Etude Proprietes Solides, F-38042 Grenoble, France. Slovak Acad Sci, Inst Expt Phys, SK-04353 Kosice, Slovakia. Max Planck Inst Festkorperforsch, Grenoble High Magnet Field Lab, CNRS, F-38042 Grenoble 9, France. Pohang Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, NCRICS, Pohang 790784, South Korea. RP Welp, U (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Rydh, Andreas/A-7068-2012; Karapetrov, Goran/C-2840-2008 OI Rydh, Andreas/0000-0001-6641-4861; Karapetrov, Goran/0000-0003-1113-0137 NR 65 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 385 IS 1-2 BP 154 EP 161 AR PII S0921-4534(02)02329-8 DI 10.1016/S0921-4534(02)02329-8 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 640AG UT WOS:000180663000018 ER PT J AU Vinnikov, LY Karpinski, J Kazakov, SM Jun, J Anderegg, J Bud'ko, SL Canfield, PC AF Vinnikov, LY Karpinski, J Kazakov, SM Jun, J Anderegg, J Bud'ko, SL Canfield, PC TI Bitter decoration of vortex structure in MgB2 single crystals SO PHYSICA C-SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE vortex decoration; vortex lattice; penetration depth; single crystal ID SUPERCONDUCTING PROPERTIES; HEAT AB The Bitter decoration technique has been used to observe vortices in the superconducting state of single crystal MgB2. Experiments in low applied magnetic field (B approximate to 4.4 G) allow for the estimation of the London penetration depth, lambda, to be approximately 1900 Angstrom for T approximate to 6 K Experiments in higher applied fields (B approximate to 200 G) unambiguously show a triangular vortex lattice in both real space (a larger than 10 mum x 10 mum image of over 1000 vortices) as well as in reciprocal space. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Russian Acad Sci, Inst Solid State Phys, Chernogolovka 142432, Moscow Region, Russia. Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Solid State Phys Lab, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Vinnikov, LY (reprint author), Russian Acad Sci, Inst Solid State Phys, Chernogolovka 142432, Moscow Region, Russia. RI Kazakov, Sergey/A-4139-2014; Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014 OI Kazakov, Sergey/0000-0002-0553-7881; NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 385 IS 1-2 BP 177 EP 179 AR PII S0921-4534(02)02324-9 DI 10.1016/S0921-4534(02)02324-9 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 640AG UT WOS:000180663000021 ER PT J AU Fisher, RA Li, GT Lashley, JC Bouquet, F Phillips, NE Hinks, DG Jorgensen, JD Crabtree, GW AF Fisher, RA Li, GT Lashley, JC Bouquet, F Phillips, NE Hinks, DG Jorgensen, JD Crabtree, GW TI Specific heat of (MgB2)-B-11 SO PHYSICA C-SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE multi-gap superconductivity; specific heat; vortices; phonons ID TEMPERATURE SPECIFIC-HEAT; SUPERCONDUCTING MGB2; ART.; GAP; SPECTROSCOPY; DENSITY; YNI2B2C; BORON AB We report specific-heat measurements on two samples of (MgB2)-B-11, one powder and one sintered, that give essentially identical results. Both samples are of exceptionally high quality: At the critical temperature the discontinuity in specific heat is higher than that of other samples, the transition is sharper than for most samples, and the signature feature of the small, non-BCS energy gap is particularly pronounced. The results art! compared with a phenomenological model for a multi-gap superconductor, with band-structure calculations, and with spectroscopic determinations of the energy gaps. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Phillips, NE (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 53 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 385 IS 1-2 BP 180 EP 191 AR PII S0921-4534(02)02316-X DI 10.1016/S0921-4534(02)02316-X PG 12 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 640AG UT WOS:000180663000022 ER PT J AU Ivarone, M Karapetrov, G Koshelev, AE Kwok, WK Crabtree, GW Hinks, DG Cook, R Kang, WN Choi, EM Kim, HJ Lee, SI AF Ivarone, M Karapetrov, G Koshelev, AE Kwok, WK Crabtree, GW Hinks, DG Cook, R Kang, WN Choi, EM Kim, HJ Lee, SI TI Directional scanning tunneling spectroscopy in MgB2 SO PHYSICA C-SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE STM; scanning tunneling spectroscopy; multi-gap superconductivity AB The superconductivity in MgB2 has a two-band character with the dominating band having a 2D character and the second band being isotropic in the three dimensions. We use tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy to reveal the two distinct energy gaps at Delta(1) = 2.3 meV and Delta(2) = 7.1 meV. Different spectral weights of the partial superconducting density of states are a reflection of different tunneling directions in this multi-band system. The results are consistent with the existence of two-band superconductivity in the presence of strong interband superconducting pair interaction and quasiparticle scattering. The temperature evolution of the tunneling spectra shows both gaps vanishing at the bulk T-c. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Pohang Univ Sci & Technol, NCRICS, Pohang 790784, South Korea. Pohang Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, Pohang 790784, South Korea. RP Ivarone, M (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Iavarone, Maria/C-3628-2008; Karapetrov, Goran/C-2840-2008; Koshelev, Alexei/K-3971-2013 OI Karapetrov, Goran/0000-0003-1113-0137; Koshelev, Alexei/0000-0002-1167-5906 NR 11 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 385 IS 1-2 BP 215 EP 220 AR PII S0921-4534(02)02315-8 DI 10.1016/S0921-4534(02)02315-8 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 640AG UT WOS:000180663000025 ER PT J AU Schmidt, H Zasadzinski, JF Gray, KE Hinks, DG AF Schmidt, H Zasadzinski, JF Gray, KE Hinks, DG TI Break-junction tunneling on MgB2 SO PHYSICA C-SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE break junction; tunneling spectroscopy; multi-gap superconductivity ID SUPERCONDUCTING ENERGY-GAP; POINT-CONTACT SPECTROSCOPY; TEMPERATURE AB Tunneling data on magnesium diboride, MgB2, are reviewed with a particular focus on superconductor-insulator-superconductor (SIS) junctions formed by a break-junction method. The collective tunneling literature reveals two distinct energy scales, a large gap, Delta(L) similar to 7.2 meV, close to the expected BCS value, and a small gap, Delta(s) similar to 2.4 meV. The SIS break junctions show clearly that the small gap closes near the bulk critical temperature, T-c = 39 K. The SIS spectra allow proximity effects to be ruled out as the cause for the small gap and therefore make a strong case that MgB2 is a coupled, two-band superconductor. While the break junctions sometimes reveal parallel contributions to the conductance from both bands, it is more often found that Delta(s) dominates the spectra. In these cases, a subtle feature is observed near Delta(s) + Delta(L) that is reminiscent of strong-coupling effects. This feature is consistent with quasiparticle scattering contributions to the interband coupling which provides an important insight into the nature of two-band superconductivity in MgB2. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. IIT, Div Phys, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. RP Schmidt, H (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 68 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 385 IS 1-2 BP 221 EP 232 AR PII S0921-4534(02)02317-1 DI 10.1016/S0921-4534(02)02317-1 PG 12 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 640AG UT WOS:000180663000026 ER PT J AU Finnemore, DK Straszheim, WE Bud'ko, SL Canfield, PC Anderson, NE Suplinskas, RJ AF Finnemore, DK Straszheim, WE Bud'ko, SL Canfield, PC Anderson, NE Suplinskas, RJ TI CVD routes to MgB2 conductors SO PHYSICA C-SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE wire; chemical vapour deposition; boron fiber; critical current; grain structure ID SUPERCONDUCTING MGB2; BORON; WIRES AB Processing methods are described for the development of magnesium diboride wire using the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) to produce long lengths of suitably doped starting boron fiber. It is found that titanium can be co-deposited with the boron to make long lengths of doped fiber that contain both TiB and TiB2. When this fiber is reacted in Mg vapor to transform boron into MgB2, the resulting conductor has a superconducting critical current density of about 5 x 10(6) A/cm(2) at 5 K and self-field. The critical current density at 25 K and 1 T is 10,000 A/cm(2). Using optical methods to define grain boundaries and energy dispersive X-rays to determine Ti and Mg concentration, these samples show a fine dispersion of Ti through out the grains and no conspicuous precipitation of TiB2 on the MgB2 grain boundaries. This is to be contrasted with the precipitation of TiB, on MgB, grain boundaries observed for samples prepared by solid state reaction of Ti, Mg, and B powders. Introducing Ti impurities into the B during the CVD deposition of the B gives a distribution of TiB2 in the resulting MgB2 different from solid state reaction of powders. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, US Dept Energy, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Specialty Mat Inc, Lowell, MA 01851 USA. RP Finnemore, DK (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, US Dept Energy, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM finnemor@ameslab.gov RI Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014 NR 20 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 385 IS 1-2 BP 278 EP 285 AR PII S0921-4534(02)02325-0 DI 10.1016/S0921-4534(02)02325-0 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 640AG UT WOS:000180663000032 ER PT J AU Harrison, WA AF Harrison, WA TI Tight-binding theory of surface states in metals SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE AB Bands from s- and p-orbitals allow exponentially decaying solutions from continuation of the bands to complex wavenumber. However, simple truncation cannot produce surface states except in a gap opened between crossing s- and p-bands, consistent with Shockley's 1939 predictions. Surface states occur because a dangling sp-hybrid can be formed at each end. sd-hybrids are symmetric, and corresponding surface states cannot arise. Application to beryllium and copper yields surface states where expected, but not the two sets previously predicted for copper in the d-band gap at L. These states are of the Tamm, rather than Shockley, type, arising from shifts of the surface orbital comparable to the corresponding d-band widths. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Appl Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Harrison, WA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. EM walt@stanford.edu NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU ROYAL SWEDISH ACAD SCIENCES PI STOCKHOLM PA PUBL DEPT BOX 50005, S-104 05 STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN SN 0031-8949 J9 PHYS SCRIPTA JI Phys. Scr. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 67 IS 3 BP 253 EP 259 DI 10.1238/Physica.Regular.067a00253 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 659HL UT WOS:000181770800012 ER PT J AU Norton, DP Chakoumakos, BC Budai, JD Lowndes, DH AF Norton, DP Chakoumakos, BC Budai, JD Lowndes, DH TI Evidence for pseudo-gap behavior in defect-doped infinite layer (Ca, Sr)CuO2 thin films SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI B-BASIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; INSULATOR TRANSITION; PHASE-DIAGRAM; NORMAL-STATE; TRANSPORT; CHARGE; SUPERCONDUCTORS; FLUCTUATIONS; TEMPERATURE; DYNAMICS AB A distinct crossover between the high temperature and low temperature normal state do transport properties of epitaxial (Ca, Sr)CuO2 single crystal thin films has been observed. Defect-doped (Ca, Sr)CuO2 films with do conductivity behavior ranging from insulating to metallic-like were obtained by growing stoichiometric and cation-deficient material under various film growth conditions. The results indicate that 2D variable-range hopping is the dominant transport mechanism at low temperatures. The high temperature behavior depends on the magnitude of the conductivity, resulting in either activated conduction or a ln rho similar to 1/T-1/2 dependence that is reminiscent of thermally-activated tunneling in a granular metal/insulator matrix. The distinct crossover in behavior suggests the possibility of gap formation in the temperature range 150-200 K. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Norton, DP (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 106 Rhines Hall,POB 116400, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RI Chakoumakos, Bryan/A-5601-2016; Budai, John/R-9276-2016 OI Chakoumakos, Bryan/0000-0002-7870-6543; Budai, John/0000-0002-7444-1306 NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0370-1972 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI B JI Phys. Status Solidi B-Basic Res. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 236 IS 1 BP 143 EP 150 DI 10.1002/pssb.200301645 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 654DJ UT WOS:000181478400016 ER PT J AU Gibson, ND Walter, CW Zatsarinny, O Gorczyca, TW Ackerman, GD Bozek, JD Martins, M McLaughlin, BM Berrah, N AF Gibson, ND Walter, CW Zatsarinny, O Gorczyca, TW Ackerman, GD Bozek, JD Martins, M McLaughlin, BM Berrah, N TI K-shell photodetachment from C-: Experiment and theory SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID STATIC ELECTRIC-FIELD; NEGATIVE CARBON ION; CROSS-SECTIONS; 1S THRESHOLD; PHOTOIONIZATION; AUTODETACHMENT; RESONANCES; REGION; LI AB K-shell photodetachment from C- has been investigated in the photon energy range between 280 and 285 eV using the merged ion-beam-photon-beam technique. C- ions were produced using a Cs sputtering negative-ion source, while the photons were produced by the undulator beam line 10.0.1 of the Advanced Light Source. C+ ions formed by double detachment were detected as a function of incident photon energy. Using this collinear arrangement, the relative cross sections were measured and compared with theoretical predictions. The measured spectrum shows the first experimental evidence of the 1s2s(2)2p(4)(P-4) shape resonance near 281.7 eV, which is in excellent agreement with two independent R-matrix calculations for the 1s photodetachment cross section of C- producing C+. C1 Denison Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Granville, OH 43023 USA. Western Michigan Univ, Dept Phys, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Hamburg, Inst Expt Phys, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany. Queens Univ Belfast, Sch Math & Phys, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland. RP Gibson, ND (reprint author), Denison Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Granville, OH 43023 USA. RI Bozek, John/E-4689-2010; Bozek, John/E-9260-2010; OI Bozek, John/0000-0001-7486-7238; Martins, Michael/0000-0002-1228-5029 NR 31 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD MAR PY 2003 VL 67 IS 3 AR 030703 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.67.030703 PG 4 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 662TX UT WOS:000181965900005 ER PT J AU Schippers, S Muller, A Ricz, S Bannister, ME Dunn, GH Schlachter, AS Hinojosa, G Cisneros, C Aguilar, A Covington, AM Gharaibeh, MF Phaneuf, RA AF Schippers, S Muller, A Ricz, S Bannister, ME Dunn, GH Schlachter, AS Hinojosa, G Cisneros, C Aguilar, A Covington, AM Gharaibeh, MF Phaneuf, RA TI Photoionization of Sc2+ ions by synchrotron radiation: Measurements and absolute cross sections in the photon energy range 23-68 eV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID ATOMIC SCANDIUM; RECOMBINATION; PHOTORECOMBINATION; CA+; PHOTOEXCITATION; RESONANCE; REGION; SC3+; 3P AB Cross sections for the photoionization (PI) of Sc2+ ions with [Ar]3d ground-state configuration have been measured by employing the merged ion-photon beams method. The Sc2+ ions were produced from metallic vapor in an electron cyclotron resonance ion source, and the photon beam was generated by an undulator in the electron-synchrotron storage ring of the advanced light source of the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. The experimental photon energy range 23-68 eV encompasses the direct 3d and 3p photoionization thresholds. The experimental photoion spectrum is dominated by autoionizing resonances due to 3p excitations predominantly decaying via Coster-Kronig and super-Coster-Kronig transitions. Individual resonances located around Eapproximate to40.2 eV have been measured with an instrumental energy spread DeltaE as low as 1.2 meV, corresponding to a resolving power of E/(DeltaE) around 33 500. The fractions of metastable ions in the Sc2+ ion beam are obtained by comparing the photoionization cross section with the recently measured [Schippers , Phys. Rev. A 65, 042723 (2002)] cross section for the time-reversed process of photorecombination of Sc3+ ions. Absolute strengths of several 3p(5) 3d(2) and 3p(5) 3d 4s PI resonances have been determined. They are the same as the corresponding resonance strengths for isoelectronic Ca+ ions. C1 Univ Giessen, Inst Kernphys, D-35392 Giessen, Germany. Hungarian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, ATOMKI, H-4001 Debrecen, Hungary. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Colorado, Joint Inst Lab Astrophys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Ciencias Fis, Cuernavaca 62131, Morelos, Mexico. Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA. RP Univ Giessen, Inst Kernphys, D-35392 Giessen, Germany. EM Stefan.E.Schippers@strz.uni-giessen.de RI Schippers, Stefan/A-7786-2008; Ricz, Sandor/A-4735-2011; Muller, Alfred/A-3548-2009; OI Schippers, Stefan/0000-0002-6166-7138; Muller, Alfred/0000-0002-0030-6929; Bannister, Mark E./0000-0002-9572-8154 NR 30 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9926 EI 2469-9934 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD MAR PY 2003 VL 67 IS 3 AR 032702 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.67.032702 PG 13 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 662TX UT WOS:000181965900045 ER PT J AU Utter, SB Beiersdorfer, P Trabert, E Clothiaux, EJ AF Utter, SB Beiersdorfer, P Trabert, E Clothiaux, EJ TI Wavelengths of the 4s(1/2)-4p(3/2) resonance lines in Cu-like heavy ions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID PERTURBATION-THEORY CALCULATIONS; ZN-LIKE IONS; ENERGY-LEVELS; ISOELECTRONIC SEQUENCE; LAMB SHIFT; 2S(1/2)-2P(3/2) LEVELS; NA-LIKE; TRANSITIONS; SPECTRA; EMISSION AB Using the EBIT-II electron-beam-ion trap and a flat-field spectrometer, the extreme UV resonance lines 4s(1/2)-4p(3/2) of the Cu-like ions of Yb, W, Pb, Th, and U have been observed and their wavelengths measured. Our results differ substantially from earlier measurements performed with plasmas produced by the OMEGA and NOVA lasers and have higher accuracy. Our results are in good agreement with theory in all ions but those of the highest charge states. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Phys & Adv Technol, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Auburn Univ, Dept Phys, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. RP Utter, SB (reprint author), SpectraPhys, Mountain View, CA 94039 USA. NR 36 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD MAR PY 2003 VL 67 IS 3 AR 032502 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.67.032502 PG 6 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 662TX UT WOS:000181965900038 ER PT J AU Arms, DA Shah, RS Simmons, RO AF Arms, DA Shah, RS Simmons, RO TI X-ray Debye-Waller factor measurements of solid He-3 and He-4 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES; HCP; SCATTERING; BEAMLINE; CRYSTAL; PHASE AB X-ray synchrotron radiation was used to measure Debye-Waller factors of helium crystals for both He-3 and He-4 in both hcp and fcc phases. To our knowledge, there are no previous measurements for He-3. The ranges studied for He-3 and He-4 crystals were 11.52-12.82 and 10.95-12.13 cm(3), respectively, and 11.5-18.2 and 12.0-20.3 K. With small uncertainty, only a Gaussian dependence upon momentum transfer Q was found, and no anisotropy was detected in the hcp phase. Mean square atomic deviations, [u(2)], and Lindemann ratios were obtained. Large Lindemann ratios confirm that these solids are highly anharmonic. The [u(2)] values agree within an average 1% with computations of Draeger and Ceperley from path integral Monte Carlo methods including unusual extrapolations to the thermodynamic limit. Because the path-integral Monte Carlo (PIMC) computations exhibit a T-3 dependence for [u(2)], which also depends upon molar volume, an empirical analysis was made of the present data as well as of published x-ray and neutron data on hcp He-4. The volume dependencies are similar to those found from calorimetry, over a large volume range, and the temperature dependencies show similar systematic variations with molar volume both in x-ray data and PIMC results. C1 Univ Illinois, Frederick Seitz Mat Res Lab, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Arms, DA (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, MHATT, CAT, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 38 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 9 AR 094303 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.094303 PG 11 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 663RL UT WOS:000182019300061 ER PT J AU Berman, GP Borgonovi, F Goan, HS Gurvitz, SA Tsifrinovich, VI AF Berman, GP Borgonovi, F Goan, HS Gurvitz, SA Tsifrinovich, VI TI Single-spin measurement and decoherence in magnetic-resonance force microscopy SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article AB We consider a simple version of a cyclic adiabatic inversion (CAI) technique in magnetic-resonance force microscopy (MRFM). We study the problem: What component of the spin is measured in the CAI MRFM? We show that the nondestructive detection of the cantilever vibrations provides a measurement of the spin component along the effective magnetic field. This result is based on numerical simulations of the Hamiltonian dynamics (the Schrodinger equation) and the numerical solution of the master equation. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, CNLS, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Dipartimento Matemat & Fis, I-25121 Brescia, Italy. INFM, Unita Brescia, Brescia, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Univ New S Wales, Ctr Quantum Comp Technol, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Particle Phys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. Polytech Univ, IDS Dept, Metrotech Ctr 6, Brooklyn, NY 11201 USA. RP Berman, GP (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 6 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 9 AR 094425 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.094425 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 663RL UT WOS:000182019300088 ER PT J AU Boothroyd, AT Barratt, JP Bonville, P Canfield, PC Murani, A Wildes, AR Bewley, RI AF Boothroyd, AT Barratt, JP Bonville, P Canfield, PC Murani, A Wildes, AR Bewley, RI TI Magnetic state of Yb in Kondo-lattice YbNi2B2C SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-FERMION BEHAVIOR; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; SPECTROSCOPY; SYSTEM; FIELD; EXCITATIONS; SCATTERING; IMPURITY; MOMENTS AB We report neutron-scattering experiments performed to investigate the dynamic magnetic properties of the Kondo-lattice compound YbNi2B2C. The spectrum of magnetic excitations is found to be broad, extending up to at least 150 meV, and contains inelastic peaks centered near 18 meV and 43 meV. At low energies, we observe quasielastic scattering with a width Gamma=2.1 meV. The results suggest a Yb3+ ground state with predominantly localized 4f electrons subject to (i) a crystalline electric-field (CEF) potential, and (ii) a Kondo interaction, which at low temperatures is about an order of magnitude smaller than the CEF interaction. From an analysis of the dynamic magnetic response, we conclude that the crystalline electric field acting on the Yb ions has a similar anisotropy to that in other RNi2B2C compounds, but is uniformly enhanced by almost a factor of 2. The static and dynamic magnetic properties of YbNi2B2C are found to be reconciled quite well by means of an approximation scheme to the Anderson impurity model, and this procedure also indicates that the effective Kondo interaction varies with temperature due to the crystal-field splitting. We discuss the nature of the correlated-electron ground state of YbNi2B2C based on these and other experimental results, and suggest that this compound might be close to a quantum critical point on the nonmagnetic side. C1 Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford OX1 3PU, England. Inst Max Von Laue Paul Langevin, F-38042 Grenoble 9, France. Ctr Etud Saclay, DSM, DRECAM, Serv Phys Etat Condense, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Rutherford Appleton Lab, ISIS Facil, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. RP Boothroyd, AT (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford OX1 3PU, England. RI Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014 NR 33 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 10 AR 104407 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.104407 PG 11 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 663YB UT WOS:000182033700046 ER PT J AU Burakovsky, L Greeff, CW Preston, DL AF Burakovsky, L Greeff, CW Preston, DL TI Analytic model of the shear modulus at all temperatures and densities SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID EFFECTIVE ELASTIC-MODULI; HASHIN-SHTRIKMAN BOUNDS; HIGH-PRESSURES; DEBYE-TEMPERATURE; MELTING CURVE; AB-INITIO; DISLOCATION MECHANISM; 1ST-PRINCIPLES THEORY; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; PHASE-TRANSITION AB An analytic model of the shear modulus applicable at temperatures up to melt and at all densities is presented. It is based in part on a relation between the melting temperature and the shear modulus at melt. Experimental data on argon are shown to agree with this relation to within 1%. The model of the shear modulus involves seven parameters, all of which can be determined from zero-pressure experimental data. We obtain the values of these parameters for 11 elemental solids. Both the experimental data on the room-temperature shear modulus of argon to compressions of similar to2.5, and theoretical calculations of the zero-temperature shear modulus of aluminum to compressions of similar to3.5 are in good agreement with the model. Electronic-structure calculations of the shear moduli of copper and gold to compressions of 2, performed by us, agree with the model to within uncertainties. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Burakovsky, L (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM burakov@lanl.gov; greeff@lanl.gov; dean@lanl.gov RI Greeff, Carl/N-3267-2013; OI Greeff, Carl/0000-0003-0529-0441 NR 90 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 9 AR 094107 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.094107 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 663RL UT WOS:000182019300038 ER PT J AU Capan, C Behnia, K Li, ZZ Raffy, H Marin, C AF Capan, C Behnia, K Li, ZZ Raffy, H Marin, C TI Anomalous dissipation in the mixed state of underdoped cuprates close to the superconductor-insulator boundary SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTOR; T-C SUPERCONDUCTORS; VALENCE-BOND THEORY; THIN-FILMS; MAGNETIC-FIELD; PHASE-DIAGRAM; VORTEX CORES; LA2-XSRXCUO4; TRANSITION; NERNST AB We present a comparative study of Nernst effect and resistivity in underdoped samples of Bi2Sr2CuO6+delta and La2-xSrxCuO4. The Nernst effect presents a peak in a region of the H-T diagram where resistivity shows a nonmetallic temperature dependence. Our results illustrate that the mechanism of dissipation in the mixed state of underdoped cuprates is poorly understood. Large quantum superconducting fluctuations and vanishing vortex viscosity are among suggested explanations for an enhanced Nernst signal close to the superconductor-insulator boundary. C1 Ecole Super Phys & Chim Ind Ville Paris, CNRS, UPR 5, Phys Quant Lab, F-75231 Paris, France. Univ Paris 11, CNRS, UMR 8502, Phys Solides Lab, F-91405 Orsay, France. Comm Energie Atom, DRFMC, SPSMS, F-38042 Grenoble, France. RP Capan, C (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI MARIN, Christophe/H-8500-2014 NR 31 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 10 AR 100507 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.100507 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 663YB UT WOS:000182033700022 ER PT J AU Chambers, SA Heald, SM Droubay, T AF Chambers, SA Heald, SM Droubay, T TI Local Co structure in epitaxial CoxTi1-xO2-x anatase SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID DOPED TIO2 ANATASE; THIN-FILMS; FERROMAGNETISM; GROWTH AB We have used Co K-shell near-edge and extended x-ray absorption fine structure to investigate the charge state and local structure surrounding Co in epitaxial Co-doped TiO2 anatase grown on LaAlO3(001). Co is in the +2 formal oxidation state throughout the film, and substitutes for Ti in the lattice, creating a nearby oxygen vacancy in the process. There is no evidence for either elemental Co or CoO in the films. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental Sci Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Chambers, SA (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental Sci Div, POB 999,MS K8-93, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI Droubay, Tim/D-5395-2016 OI Droubay, Tim/0000-0002-8821-0322 NR 14 TC 93 Z9 94 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 10 AR 100401 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.100401 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 663YB UT WOS:000182033700005 ER PT J AU Chen, XJ Zhang, CL Almasan, CC Gardner, JS Sarrao, JL AF Chen, XJ Zhang, CL Almasan, CC Gardner, JS Sarrao, JL TI Small-polaron hopping conduction in bilayer manganite La1.2Sr1.8Mn2O7 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MIXED-VALENCE MANGANITES; LAYERED LA1.2SR1.8MN2O7; GIANT MAGNETORESISTANCE; TRANSPORT; TEMPERATURE; LA0.67CA0.33MNO3; FILMS AB We report anisotropic resistivity measurements on a La1.2Sr1.8Mn2O7 single crystal over a temperature T range from 2 to 400 K and in magnetic-fields H up to 14 T. For Tgreater than or equal to218 K, the temperature dependence of the zero-field in-plane resistivity rho(ab)(T) obeys the adiabatic small polaron hopping mechanism, while the out-of-plane resistivity rho(c)(T) can be ascribed by an Arrhenius law with the same activation energy. Considering the magnetic character of the polarons and the close correlation between resistivity and magnetization, we developed a model which allows the determination of rho(ab,c)(H,T). The excellent agreement of the calculations with the measurements indicates that small polarons play an essential role in the electrical transport properties in the paramagnetic phase of bilayer manganites. C1 Kent State Univ, Dept Phys, Kent, OH 44242 USA. Chalk River Lab, NRC NPMR, Chalk River, ON KOJ 1PO, Canada. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Chen, XJ (reprint author), Kent State Univ, Dept Phys, Kent, OH 44242 USA. RI Gardner, Jason/A-1532-2013 NR 29 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 9 AR 094426 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.094426 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 663RL UT WOS:000182019300089 ER PT J AU Cherne, FJ Baskes, MI Holian, BL AF Cherne, FJ Baskes, MI Holian, BL TI Predicted transport properties of liquid plutonium SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID EMBEDDED-ATOM-METHOD; NONEQUILIBRIUM MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; METALS; IMPURITIES; NICKEL AB The fluid-phase transport properties, diffusivity and viscosity, are calculated by equilibrium and nonequilibrium techniques for plutonium, whose interatomic interactions are described by the modified embedded-atom method. The transport coefficients are evaluated at zero pressure, for temperatures between 950 K and 1300 K. We find the calculated viscosity to be noticeably higher than experiment, while the structure of liquid Pu appears to be similar to other liquid metals. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Cherne, FJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 19 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 9 AR 092104 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.092104 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 663RL UT WOS:000182019300004 ER PT J AU Chmaissem, O Dabrowski, B Kolesnik, S Mais, J Jorgensen, JD Short, S AF Chmaissem, O Dabrowski, B Kolesnik, S Mais, J Jorgensen, JD Short, S TI Structural and magnetic phase diagrams of La1-xSrxMnO3 and Pr1-ySryMnO3 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID FERROMAGNETIC-ANTIFERROMAGNETIC TRANSITION; PEROVSKITE MANGANITES; LANTHANUM MANGANITES; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; DOUBLE-EXCHANGE; METALLIC STATE; SEPARATION; PR1-XSRXMNO3; MAGNETORESISTANCE; PR0.5SR0.5MNO3 AB The nuclear and magnetic structures and properties of La1-xSrxMnO3 with 0.45less than or equal toxless than or equal to1 and Pr1-ySryMnO3 (0.58less than or equal toyless than or equal to1) were investigated using neutron powder diffraction, resistivity and magnetic measurements. In this paper, we present the full magnetic and structural phase diagram for La1-xSrxMnO3 and a partial phase diagram for Pr1-ySryMnO3. At low temperatures, we observe a series of structural phase transitions evolving as a function of increasing x as follows: orthorhombic Pbnm-->rhombohedral R (3) over barc-->orthorhombic Fmmm-->tetragonal I4/mcm-->cubic Pm (3) over barm. At higher temperatures, the orthorhombic Fmmm structural region disappears. We also identify four magnetic states (FM, A, C, and G type) evolving as a function of increasing x. The magnetic and nuclear structural transitions coincide for samples with 0.8less than or equal toxless than or equal to0.95. In the 0.5less than or equal toxless than or equal to0.9 region, resistivity and magnetic measurements show a substantial hysteresis near T-N. This hysteresis of a few K is indicative of a first order antiferromagnetic transition in good agreement with the neutron diffraction results. Our data also suggest the existence of a strong competition between the ferromagnetic and A-type states for xsimilar to0.5, and between the C- and G-type states for xsimilar to0.95. A similar behavior is observed for Pr1-ySryMnO3. C1 No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Chmaissem, O (reprint author), No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. NR 48 TC 149 Z9 149 U1 6 U2 54 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 9 AR 094431 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.094431 PG 13 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 663RL UT WOS:000182019300094 ER PT J AU Cui, CW Tyson, TA Zhong, Z Carlo, JP Qin, YH AF Cui, CW Tyson, TA Zhong, Z Carlo, JP Qin, YH TI Effects of pressure on electron transport and atomic structure of manganites: Low to high pressure regimes SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MIXED-VALENCE MANGANITES; CA-MN-O; METAL-INSULATOR-TRANSITION; COLOSSAL-MAGNETORESISTANCE; MANGANESE PEROVSKITES; GIANT MAGNETORESISTANCE; DOUBLE-EXCHANGE; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; LAUE CRYSTALS; LA1-XSRXMNO3 AB The pressure dependence of the resistivity and structure of La0.60Y0.07Ca0.33MnO3 has been explored in the pressure range from 1 atm to similar to7 GPa. The metal to insulator transition temperature (T-MI) was found to reach a maximum and the resistivity achieves a minimum at similar to3.8 GPa. Beyond this pressure, T-MI is reduced with a concomitant increase in the resistivity. Structural measurements at room temperature show that at low pressure (below 2 GPa) the Mn-O bond lengths are compressed. Between similar to2 and similar to4 GPa, a pressure-induced enhancement of the Jahn-Teller (JT) distortion occurs in parallel with an increase in Mn-O1-Mn bond angle to similar to180degrees. Above similar to4 GPa, the Mn-O1-Mn bond angle is reduced, while the JT distortion appears to remain unchanged. The resistivity above T-MI is well modeled by variable range hopping. The pressure dependence of the localization length follows the behavior of T-MI. C1 New Jersey Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Cui, CW (reprint author), New Jersey Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. NR 55 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 10 AR 104107 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.104107 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 663YB UT WOS:000182033700031 ER PT J AU da Silva, GJ Fossum, JO DiMasi, E Maloy, KJ AF da Silva, GJ Fossum, JO DiMasi, E Maloy, KJ TI Hydration transitions in a nanolayered synthetic silicate: A synchrotron x-ray scattering study SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID COMPUTER-SIMULATION; DIFFRACTION; WATER AB Synchrotron x-ray diffraction studies of the water intercalation on a synthetic layered silicate Na-fluorohectorite clay were performed as a function of temperature under controlled relative humidity for both surface reflection and bulk transmission scattering geometries. The behavior of 0-, 1-, and 2-water-layer hydration states is compared for both increasing and decreasing temperature. Observed differences in hysteresis as well as a two-state coexistence behavior are attributed to first-order transitions. It is further concluded that differences in surface and bulk hydration states for this system may be attributed to differences in stress relaxation. Possible structural transitions between mobile and immobile water are reported. C1 Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, NTNU, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Oslo, Dept Phys, Oslo, Norway. RP Fossum, JO (reprint author), Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, NTNU, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway. RI Fossum, Jon/L-1510-2016 OI Fossum, Jon/0000-0002-8952-303X NR 22 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 9 AR 094114 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.094114 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 663RL UT WOS:000182019300045 ER PT J AU Fishman, RS Jarrell, M AF Fishman, RS Jarrell, M TI Magnetic susceptibility of the double-exchange model SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID TRANSITION-TEMPERATURE; INFINITE DIMENSIONS AB A unified treatment is provided for the local-moment, electronic, and cross terms in the magnetic susceptibility chi of the double-exchange model within the dynamical mean-field theory. All contributions diverge at the same critical temperature T-C, which may be calculated analytically for large J(H)S and a semi-circular density-of-states. Close to T-C, the Curie constant deviates significantly from the result expected for a local-moment system. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Dept Phys, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. RP Fishman, RS (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Fishman, Randy/C-8639-2013 NR 10 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 10 AR 100403 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.100403 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 663YB UT WOS:000182033700007 ER PT J AU Gapud, AA Christen, DK Thompson, JR Yethiraj, M AF Gapud, AA Christen, DK Thompson, JR Yethiraj, M TI Electrical transport, magnetic, and structural properties of the vortex lattice of V3Si in the vicinity of the peak effect SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ANGLE NEUTRON-SCATTERING; FLUX-LINE-LATTICE; HISTORY DEPENDENCE; ORDER TRANSITION; SINGLE-CRYSTAL; EFFECT REGIME; SUPERCONDUCTOR; PHASE; METASTABILITY; INSTABILITIES AB The peak effect in critical current density J(c) is investigated by studying the flux dynamics in V3Si using bulk magnetometry, small-angle neutron scattering, and transport measurements on clean single-crystal samples from the same ingot. For a field-cooled history, well-defined structure in the vortex lattice was found for fields and temperatures (H,T) below the peak-effect line H-P(T); above this line, the structure disappeared. History-dependent, metastable disorder is found only for (H,T) below H-P(T) but the vortex system is reproducibly re-ordered either by field cooling or a low-frequency, pulsed "shaking" transport current. The latter is shown to attain Bardeen-Stephen flux flow. In addition, flux flow is observed at H-P(T) at high current levels. The results support the traditional picture of H-P(T) as an order-disorder transition due to the competition between elasticity and pinning. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Gapud, AA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 24 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 10 AR 104516 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.104516 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 663YB UT WOS:000182033700089 ER PT J AU Heller, L AF Heller, L TI Classical limit of demagnetization in a field gradient SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SPIN POLARIZED GAS; TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; DIFFUSION AB We calculate the rate of decrease of the expectation value of the transverse component of spin for spin-1/2 particles in a magnetic field with a spatial gradient, and determine the conditions under which a previous classical description is valid. A density matrix treatment is required for two reasons. The first arises because the particles initially are not in a pure state due to thermal motion. The second reason is that each particle interacts with the magnetic field and the other particles, with the latter taken to be via a two-body central force. The equations for the one-body Wigner distribution functions are written in a general manner, and the places where quantum mechanical effects can play a role are identified. One that may not have been considered previously concerns the momentum associated with the magnetic field gradient, which is proportional to the time integral of the gradient. Its relative magnitude compared with the important momenta in the problem is a significant parameter, and if their ratio is not small some nonclassical effects contribute to the solution. Assuming the field gradient is sufficiently small, and a number of other inequalities are satisfied involving the mean wavelength, range of the force, and the mean separation between particles, we solve the integro-partial differential equations for the Wigner functions to second order in the strength of the gradient. When the same reasoning is applied to a different problem with no field gradient, but having instead a gradient to the z component of the polarization, the connection with the diffusion coefficient is established, and we find agreement with the classical result for the rate of decrease of the transverse component of magnetization. The corresponding result for this rate in the absence of collisions is much greater. An approximate value for the He-3 self diffusion coefficient based on a hard core potential is found to be 23.1 mm(2)/sec at room temperature and 7 atm. This falls between the results obtained in an NMR experiment having these values of temperature and pressure, in which the spatial gradient of the field is time dependent, and earlier experiments using other techniques, corrected for temperature and pressure variation. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biophys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Heller, L (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biophys Grp, P-21,POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 9 AR 094417 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.094417 PG 12 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 663RL UT WOS:000182019300080 ER PT J AU Homes, CC Vogt, T Shapiro, SM Wakimoto, S Subramanian, MA Ramirez, AP AF Homes, CC Vogt, T Shapiro, SM Wakimoto, S Subramanian, MA Ramirez, AP TI Charge transfer in the high dielectric constant materials CaCu3Ti4O12 and CdCu3Ti4O12 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ACU(3)TI(4)O(12); PEROVSKITES AB The cubic perovskite-related ceramic CaCu3Ti4O12 has a very high static dielectric constant epsilon(0)greater than or similar to10 000 at room temperature (RT), which drops to about 100 below similar or equal to100 K. Substituting Cd for Ca reduces the RT value of epsilon(0) by over an order of magnitude. The origin of the large epsilon(0) is not fully understood, but may be due to an internal barrier layer capacitance (IBLC) effect. Infrared measurements on the Ca and Cd compounds show that low-frequency modes increase dramatically in strength at low temperature, suggesting a change in the effective charges and increasing electronic localization that may lead to a breakdown of the IBLC effect. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. DuPont Co Inc, Cent Res & Dev, Expt Stn, Wilmington, DE 19880 USA. MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Integrat Sci Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Homes, CC (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM homes@bnl.gov RI Vogt, Thomas /A-1562-2011 OI Vogt, Thomas /0000-0002-4731-2787 NR 18 TC 127 Z9 128 U1 1 U2 28 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 9 AR 092106 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.092106 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 663RL UT WOS:000182019300006 ER PT J AU Hu, MY Sturhahn, W Toellner, TS Mannheim, PD Brown, DE Zhao, JY Alp, EE AF Hu, MY Sturhahn, W Toellner, TS Mannheim, PD Brown, DE Zhao, JY Alp, EE TI Measuring velocity of sound with nuclear resonant inelastic x-ray scattering SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID DENSITY-OF-STATES; NORMAL-MODE DYNAMICS; SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION; THIN-FILMS; ABSORPTION; IRON; FE; MYOGLOBIN; CRYSTAL AB Nuclear resonant inelastic x-ray scattering is used to measure the projected partial phonon density of states of materials. A relationship is derived between the low-energy part of this frequency distribution function and the sound velocity of materials. Our derivation is valid for harmonic solids with Debye-like low-frequency dynamics. This method of sound velocity determination is applied to elemental, composite, and impurity samples which are representative of a wide variety of both crystalline and noncrystalline materials. Advantages and limitations of this method are elucidated. C1 HP CAT, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Carnegie Inst Washington, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Connecticut, Dept Phys, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. RP Hu, MY (reprint author), HP CAT, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Hu, Michael/C-7571-2013 OI Hu, Michael/0000-0002-3718-7169 NR 31 TC 59 Z9 59 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 9 AR 094304 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.094304 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 663RL UT WOS:000182019300062 ER PT J AU Jeong, IK Heffner, RH Graf, MJ Billinge, SJL AF Jeong, IK Heffner, RH Graf, MJ Billinge, SJL TI Lattice dynamics and correlated atomic motion from the atomic pair distribution function SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID NEUTRON-POWDER-DIFFRACTION; DEBYE-WALLER FACTORS; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; ANHARMONIC CONTRIBUTIONS; PHONON-DISPERSION; BRAGG-DIFFRACTION; TEMPERATURE; DISPLACEMENTS; REFINEMENT; DEPENDENCE AB The mean-square relative displacements (MSRD) of atomic pair motions in crystals are studied as a function of pair distance and temperature using the atomic pair distribution function (PDF). The effects of the lattice vibrations on the PDF peak widths are modelled using both a multi-parameter Born-von Karman (BvK) force model and a single-parameter Debye model. These results are compared to experimentally determined PDFs. We find that the near-neighbor atomic motions are strongly correlated, and that the extent of this correlation depends both on the interatomic interactions and crystal structure. These results suggest that proper account of the lattice vibrational effects on the PDF peak width is important in extracting information on static disorder in a disordered system such as an alloy. Good agreement is obtained between the BvK model calculations of PDF peak widths and the experimentally determined peak widths. The Debye model successfully explains the average, though not detailed, natures of the MSRDs of atomic pair motion with just one parameter. Also the temperature dependence of the Debye model largely agrees with the BvK model predictions. Therefore, the Debye model provides a simple description of the effects of lattice vibrations on the PDF peak widths. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Michigan State Univ, Ctr Fundamental Mat Res, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Jeong, IK (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM jeong@lanl.gov NR 41 TC 69 Z9 69 U1 3 U2 27 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 10 AR 104301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.104301 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 663YB UT WOS:000182033700039 ER PT J AU Kim, C Mehta, A Feng, DL Shen, KM Armitage, NP Char, K Moon, SH Xie, YY Wu, J AF Kim, C Mehta, A Feng, DL Shen, KM Armitage, NP Char, K Moon, SH Xie, YY Wu, J TI X-ray diffraction measurements of the c-axis Debye-Waller factors of YBa2Cu3O7 and HgBa2CaCu2O6 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SINGLE-CRYSTALS; THERMAL-EXPANSION; THIN-FILMS; TEMPERATURE AB We report an application of x rays to the measurement of the temperature-dependent Bragg peak intensities to obtain Debye-Waller factors on high-temperature superconductors. Intensities of (0,0,l) peaks of YBa2Cu3O7 and HgBa2CaCu2O6 thin films are measured to obtain the c-axis Debye-Waller factors. While lattice constant and some Debye-Waller factor measurements on high-T-c superconductors show anomalies at the transition temperature, our measurements by x-ray diffraction show a smooth transition of the c-axis Debye-Waller factors through T-c. This suggests that the dynamic displacements of the heavy elements along the c-axis direction in these compounds do not have anomalies at T-c. This method in combination with measurements by other techniques will give more details concerning the dynamics of the lattice. C1 Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Yonsei Univ, Inst Phys & Appl Phys, Seoul 120749, South Korea. Stanford Univ, Dept Phys & Appl Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Fudan Univ, Dept Phys, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China. Seoul Natl Univ, Sch Phys, Seoul 151742, South Korea. Seoul Natl Univ, Ctr Strongly Correlated Mat Res, Seoul 151742, South Korea. Seoul Natl Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Seoul 151742, South Korea. Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. RP Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RI Shen, Kyle/B-3693-2008 NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 9 AR 092508 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.092508 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 663RL UT WOS:000182019300027 ER PT J AU Kim, D Zink, BL Hellman, F McCall, S Cao, G Crow, JE AF Kim, D Zink, BL Hellman, F McCall, S Cao, G Crow, JE TI Mean-field behavior with Gaussian fluctuations at the ferromagnetic phase transition of SrRuO3 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; RESISTIVE ANOMALIES; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; HEAT AB Specific heat, resistivity, and magnetization have been measured through the ferromagnetic critical point for single-crystal SrRuO3. All data are well fitted to small reduced temperatures with mean-field critical exponents including Gaussian fluctuations. The specific heat and temperature derivative of resistivity scale with each other, confirming the Fisher-Langer relation. A long magnetic correlation length due to 4d-electron itinerancy is likely responsible for the mean-field behavior. C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, MS-E536, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI McCall, Scott/G-1733-2014 OI McCall, Scott/0000-0002-7979-4944 NR 27 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 2 U2 15 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 10 AR 100406 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.100406 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 663YB UT WOS:000182033700010 ER PT J AU Kucheyev, SO Williams, JS Jagadish, C Zou, J Evans, C Nelson, AJ Hamza, AV AF Kucheyev, SO Williams, JS Jagadish, C Zou, J Evans, C Nelson, AJ Hamza, AV TI Ion-beam-produced structural defects in ZnO SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID VOLTAGE ELECTRON-MICROSCOPE; IRRADIATION DAMAGE; DISLOCATION LOOPS; BOMBARDMENT; GAN; IMPLANTATION; ENERGY; ACCUMULATION; DISORDER; CRYSTAL AB We study the evolution of lattice defects in single-crystal ZnO bombarded with 60-keV Si-28 and 300-keV Au-197 ions at 77 and 300 K. To characterize ion-beam-produced structural defects, we use a combination of Rutherford backscattering/channeling (RBS/C) spectrometry, cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy (XTEM), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy. Results show that ZnO exhibits strong dynamic annealing, and even high-dose bombardment with heavy (Au-197) ions at 77 K does not render ZnO amorphous. However, a crystalline-to-amorphous phase transition can be induced by irradiation with relatively light Si-28 ions. In this latter case, amorphization is attributed to strong chemical effects of Si atoms implanted into the ZnO lattice, resulting in the stabilization of an amorphous phase. High-dose heavy-ion bombardment also results in a strong stoichiometric imbalance (loss of O) in the near-surface region. A variation in irradiation temperature from 77 up to 300 K has a minor effect on the damage buildup behavior in ZnO bombarded with Au ions. Data analysis also shows that a variation in the density of collision cascades by increasing ion mass from Si-28 up to Au-197 has a negligible effect on the damage buildup behavior. For both light- (Si-28) and heavy- (Au-197) ion bombardment regimes, XTEM reveals that ion irradiation produces energetically favorable planar defects which are parallel to the basal plane of the wurtzite structure of ZnO. Interestingly, our RBS/C study also reveals the formation of a middle defect peak between the surface and bulk peaks of disorder in Au-implanted ZnO, but not in Si-bombarded samples. The formation of this middle peak, most likely to be related to complex defect agglomeration processes, is rather unexpected and, to our knowledge, has not been observed in any other material. Physical mechanisms of defect formation in ZnO under ion bombardment are discussed based on these experimental findings. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Phys Sci & Engn, Dept Elect Mat Engn, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. Univ Sydney, Australian Key Ctr Microscopy & Microanal, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. RP Kucheyev, SO (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Zou, Jin/B-3183-2009 OI Zou, Jin/0000-0001-9435-8043 NR 57 TC 179 Z9 179 U1 8 U2 67 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 9 AR 094115 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.094115 PG 11 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 663RL UT WOS:000182019300046 ER PT J AU Leung, K AF Leung, K TI Rhombohedral ferroelectric phases of lead zirconate titanate SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SOLID-SOLUTION SYSTEM; FIRST-PRINCIPLES; NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; THERMODYNAMIC THEORY; PBZRO3; INSTABILITIES; POLARIZATION; TRANSITIONS; PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; PB(ZR1-XTIX)O-3 AB The phonon dispersion relations of lead zirconate in the high-temperature rhombohedral ferroelectric phase are computed from first principles. They exhibit instabilities at the M point of the pseudocubic Brillouin zone, suggesting that this may be related to anomalous superlattice reflections found in recent transmission electron microscopy experiments. However, ordered M-like structures are observed in neither metastable structures nor in finite-temperature simulations of bulk crystals. Using a coarse-grained model fitted to ab initio results, the transition between the low- and high-temperature rhombohedral phases is simulated and analyzed at small Ti concentrations. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Leung, K (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, M-S 1415, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 44 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 11 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 10 AR 104108 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.104108 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 663YB UT WOS:000182033700032 ER PT J AU Martin, JE Anderson, RA Odinek, J Adolf, D Williamson, J AF Martin, JE Anderson, RA Odinek, J Adolf, D Williamson, J TI Controlling percolation in field-structured particle composites: Observations of giant thermoresistance, piezoresistance, and chemiresistance SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID CURRENT-LIMITING THERMISTORS; CONDUCTING FILLED-POLYMERS; ELECTRICAL BREAKDOWN; FUSE NETWORK; ISING-MODEL; SIMULATION AB Composites of conductive particles in an insulating phase are conductive if the particle volume fraction exceeds the percolation threshold. Composites prepared slightly above the percolation threshold have a conductivity that is sensitive to small volume changes, and thus have potential as temperature, pressure, or chemical sensors. In practice it is difficult to prepare composites close to the percolation threshold, and the critical current-carrying path gives a rather low sample conductivity. We find that magnetic-field-structured composites, consisting of gold-coated magnetic particle chains in a polymeric resin, can be reproducibly brought to the percolation threshold, regardless of particle concentration. The low-dimensionality conducting chains form a dense population of critical current paths with extreme sensitivity to composite volume changes. These field-structured composites thus exhibit giant thermoresistance, piezoresistance, and chemiresistance, and should be useful as sensor materials. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Martin, JE (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 25 TC 47 Z9 53 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 9 AR 094207 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.094207 PG 11 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 663RL UT WOS:000182019300055 ER PT J AU Ohwada, K Hirota, K Rehrig, PW Fujii, Y Shirane, G AF Ohwada, K Hirota, K Rehrig, PW Fujii, Y Shirane, G TI Neutron diffraction study of field-cooling effects on the relaxor ferroelectric Pb[(Zn1/3Nb2/3)(0.92)Ti-0.08]O-3 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MORPHOTROPIC PHASE-BOUNDARY; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; PB(ZRXTI1-X)O-3 CERAMICS; PIEZOELECTRIC PROPERTIES; POLARIZATION ROTATION; TRANSITIONS; PBTIO3 AB High-temperature (high-T) and high-electric-field (high-E) effects on Pb[(Zn1/3Nb2/3)(0.92)Ti-0.08]O-3 were studied comprehensively by neutron diffraction in the ranges 300less than or equal toTless than or equal to550 K and 0less than or equal toEless than or equal to15 kV/cm. We have focused on how phase transitions depend on preceding thermal and electrical sequences. In the field-cooling process (Eparallel to[001]greater than or equal to0.5 kV/cm), a successive cubic (C)-->tetragonal(T)--> monoclinic (M-C) transition was observed. In the zero-field-cooling process, however, we have found that the system does not transform to the rhombohedral (R) phase as widely believed, but to an unidentified phase, which we call X. X gives a Bragg-peak profile similar to that expected for R, but the c axis is always slightly shorter than the a axis. As for field effects on the X phase, it transforms into the M-C phase via another monoclinic phase (M-A) as expected from a previous paper [Noheda , Phys. Rev. B 65, 224101 (2002)]. At a higher electric field, we confirmed the field-induced M-C-->T transition, which shows a gradual c-axis jump contrary to a sharp c-axis jump observed by strain and x-ray diffraction measurements. C1 Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, SPring 8, Synchrotron Radiat Res Ctr, Kobe, Hyogo 6795148, Japan. Tohoku Univ, Dept Phys, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan. Penn State Univ, Mat Res Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Univ Tokyo, Inst Solid State Phys, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778581, Japan. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Ohwada, K (reprint author), Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, SPring 8, Synchrotron Radiat Res Ctr, Kobe, Hyogo 6795148, Japan. RI Hirota, Kazuma/C-6797-2008 NR 22 TC 87 Z9 87 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 9 AR 094111 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.094111 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 663RL UT WOS:000182019300042 ER PT J AU Ryan, DH Beath, AD McCalla, E van Lierop, J Cadogan, JM AF Ryan, DH Beath, AD McCalla, E van Lierop, J Cadogan, JM TI Transverse spin freezing in a-(Fe1-xMnx)(78)Si8B14: A site-frustrated metallic glass SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID NEUTRON DEPOLARIZATION; MAGNETIC-STRUCTURE; HEISENBERG-MODEL; RELAXATION; DYNAMICS; ALLOYS; FIELD AB Muon spin relaxation, Mossbauer spectroscopy, magnetization, and ac-susceptibility have been used to investigate transverse spin freezing in a site-frustrated alloy system. All static and dynamic signatures coincide to yield a well-defined transition temperature (T-xy). These results are in full agreement with numerical simulations and earlier work on bond-frustrated alloys. No evidence is found for a third transition below T-c and T-xy. A complete magnetic phase diagram for a-(Fe1-xMnx)(78)Si8B14 is presented. C1 McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. McGill Univ, Ctr Phys Mat, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Mat Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ New S Wales, Sch Phys, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. RP Ryan, DH (reprint author), McGill Univ, Dept Phys, 3600 Univ St, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. NR 30 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 10 AR 104404 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.104404 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 663YB UT WOS:000182033700043 ER PT J AU Siegel, DJ Hector, LG Adams, JB AF Siegel, DJ Hector, LG Adams, JB TI Ab initio study of Al-ceramic interfacial adhesion SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID METAL; SAPPHIRE; SURFACE; PRINCIPLES; ENERGY; PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; NITRIDES; CARBIDE; FILMS; AG AB We present a small database of adhesion energies for Al/ceramic interfaces calculated using density functional methods. In total, 26 distinct interface geometries were examined, in which the ceramic component was varied amongst carbides (WC, VC), nitrides (VN, CrN, TiN), and oxides (alpha-Al2O3), while including variations in interfacial stacking sequence and ceramic termination (polar and nonpolar). We find that adhesion is smallest (largest) for those interfaces constructed from non-polar (polar) surfaces, regardless of ceramic component. Since the interfacial free energies of all interfaces are relatively small, we examine the extent to which adhesion can be described solely by contributions from the surface energies. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. GM Corp, Ctr Res & Dev, Mat & Proc Lab, Warren, MI 48090 USA. Arizona State Univ, Dept Chem & Mat Engn, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. RP Sandia Natl Labs, Mail Stop 9161, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM djsiege@sandia.gov RI Siegel, Donald/B-4048-2013 OI Siegel, Donald/0000-0001-7913-2513 NR 46 TC 77 Z9 79 U1 0 U2 16 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 9 AR 092105 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.092105 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 663RL UT WOS:000182019300005 ER PT J AU Song, XY Morris, JR AF Song, XY Morris, JR TI Accurate method to calculate liquid and solid free energies for embedded atom potentials SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID PERTURBATION-THEORY; MELTING-POINT; SIMULATIONS; ALUMINUM; PHASES; METALS; FLUIDS; MODEL; AL AB Using a perturbation theory with a hard-sphere reference system we have directly calculated free energies of fluid and solid phases of aluminum with an embedded atom model potential. Unlike other approaches such as thermodynamic integration, we do not require any simulations. Moreover, the free energies of the two different phases are calculated in a single approach, unlike approximations like the quasi-harmonic solid approach. The calculated free energies are with an average relative error 0.55% of the simulation values and the resulting melting temperature is within 5% of the simulation value. C1 Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Song, XY (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RI Morris, J/I-4452-2012 OI Morris, J/0000-0002-8464-9047 NR 23 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 9 AR 092203 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.092203 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 663RL UT WOS:000182019300010 ER PT J AU Vinnikov, LY Karpinski, J Kazakov, SM Jun, J Anderegg, J Bud'ko, SL Canfield, PC AF Vinnikov, LY Karpinski, J Kazakov, SM Jun, J Anderegg, J Bud'ko, SL Canfield, PC TI Vortex structure in MgB2 single crystals observed by the Bitter decoration technique SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SUPERCONDUCTING PROPERTIES; MAGNESIUM DIBORIDE; TEMPERATURE; ANISOTROPY; SURFACE; DEPENDENCE; LATTICES; FILMS; HEAT AB We report the observation of superconducting vortices in pure and lightly Al doped MgB2 single crystals. Low field experiments allow for the estimation of the absolute value of the London penetration depth, lambda = 1900+/-600 Angstrom for Tsimilar to6 K. Experiments in higher fields (e.g., 200 Oe) clearly show a triangular vortex lattice in both real space (13x13mum(2) Bitter decoration image of over 1000 vortices) and reciprocal space. C1 Russian Acad Sci, Inst Solid State Phys, Chernogolovka 142432, Moscow Region, Russia. ETH Zurich Honggerberg, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Vinnikov, LY (reprint author), Russian Acad Sci, Inst Solid State Phys, Chernogolovka 142432, Moscow Region, Russia. RI Kazakov, Sergey/A-4139-2014; Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014 OI Kazakov, Sergey/0000-0002-0553-7881; NR 26 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 9 AR 092512 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.092512 PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 663RL UT WOS:000182019300031 ER PT J AU Wang, LG Zunger, A AF Wang, LG Zunger, A TI Why are the 3d-5d compounds CuAu and NiPt stable, whereas the 3d-4d compounds CuAg and NiPd are not SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID METAL ATOMS; GOLD ATOMS; ALLOYS; RECONSTRUCTION; RELATIVITY; SURFACES; SOLIDS; ORDER AB We show that the existence of stable, ordered 3d-5d intermetallics CuAu and NiPt, as opposed to the unstable 3d-4d isovalent analogs CuAg and NiPd, results from relativity. First, in shrinking the equilibrium volume of the 5d element, relativity reduces the atomic size mismatch with respect to the 3d element, thus lowering the elastic packing strain. Second, in lowering the energy of the bonding 6s,p bands and raising the energy of the 5d band, relativity enhances (diminishes) the occupation of the bonding (antibonding) bands. The raising of the energy of the 5d band also brings it closer to the energy of the 3d band, improving the 3d-5d bonding. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Wang, LG (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RI Zunger, Alex/A-6733-2013 NR 29 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 9 AR 092103 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.092103 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 663RL UT WOS:000182019300003 ER PT J AU Wu, YZ Won, C Zhao, HW Qiu, ZQ AF Wu, YZ Won, C Zhao, HW Qiu, ZQ TI Surface magneto-optic Kerr effect study of Co thin films grown on double curved Cu(001) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID FCC CO(001) STRUCTURES; MAGNETOCRYSTALLINE ANISOTROPY; DEPENDENCE; SIGNALS; SMOKE; HCP AB Co thin films grown on a double curved Cu(001) were studied by the surface magneto-optic Kerr effect (SMOKE) technique. We found that the Co magnetization does not lie in the film surface, and that the competition between the magnetocrystalline anisotropy and the shape magnetic anisotropy tilts the Co magnetization off the film surface toward the step terrace plane. Because the polar SMOKE signal is much greater than the longitudinal signal, we are able to quantitatively analyze the small normal component of the magnetization. Our result shows that the tilting angle depends linearly on the vicinal angle for a Co film grown on stepped Cu(001) when the magnetization is perpendicular to the step edges. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Chinese Acad Sci, Int Ctr Quantum Struct, Beijing 100080, Peoples R China. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Wu, YZ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI wu, YiZheng/O-1547-2013; Wu, yizheng/P-2395-2014; Qiu, Zi Qiang/O-4421-2016 OI Wu, yizheng/0000-0002-9289-1271; Qiu, Zi Qiang/0000-0003-0680-0714 NR 27 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 9 AR 094409 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.094409 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 663RL UT WOS:000182019300072 ER PT J AU Xu, GY Zhong, Z Bing, Y Ye, ZG Stock, C Shirane, G AF Xu, GY Zhong, Z Bing, Y Ye, ZG Stock, C Shirane, G TI Ground state of the relaxor ferroelectric Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O-3 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SINGLE-CRYSTALS; PHASE-DIAGRAM; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; GLASSY; PB(MG1/3NB2/3)O-3; TRANSITIONS; DIFFRACTION; BEHAVIOR; SYMMETRY; SYSTEMS AB High energy x-ray diffraction measurements on Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O-3 (PZN) single crystals show that the system does not have a rhombohedral symmetry at room temperature as previously believed. The phase (X) in the bulk of the crystal gives Bragg peaks similar to that of a nearly cubic lattice with a slight tetragonal distortion. The Bragg profile remains sharp with no evidence of size broadening due to the polar microcrystals. However, in our preliminary studies of the skin, we have found the expected rhombohedral (R) phase as a surface state. On the other hand, studies on an electric-field poled PZN single crystal clearly indicate a rhombohedral phase at room temperature. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Chem, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. RP Xu, GY (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Xu, Guangyong/A-8707-2010 OI Xu, Guangyong/0000-0003-1441-8275 NR 25 TC 60 Z9 60 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 10 AR 104102 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.104102 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 663YB UT WOS:000182033700026 ER PT J AU Ye, ZG Bing, Y Gao, J Bokov, AA Stephens, P Noheda, B Shirane, G AF Ye, ZG Bing, Y Gao, J Bokov, AA Stephens, P Noheda, B Shirane, G TI Development of ferroelectric order in relaxor (1-x)Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O-3-xPbTiO(3) (0 <= x <= 0.15) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID LEAD MAGNESIUM NIOBATE; DIELECTRIC-SPECTROSCOPY; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; SOLID-SOLUTIONS; DOMAIN STATES; BEHAVIOR; PB(MG1/3NB2/3)O-3-PBTIO3; PBMG1/3NB2/3O3; POLARIZATION AB The microstructure and phase transition in relaxor ferroelectric Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O-3 (PMN) and its solid solution with PbTiO3 (PT), PMN-xPT, remain to be some of the most puzzling issues of solid-state science. In the present work we have investigated the evolution of the phase symmetry in PMN-xPT ceramics as a function of temperature (20D+GAMMA; ASYMMETRY; PROTON; FORCES AB We investigate parity-violating asymmetries in (n) over right arrowp radiative capture at thermal neutron energies and in deuteron electrodisintegration in quasielastic kinematics, using the Desplanques, Donoghue, and Holstein model for the parity-violating nucleon-nucleon interaction. We find dramatic cancellations between the asymmetries induced by the parity-violating interaction and those arising from the associated parity-violating pion-exchange currents. In the (n) over right arrowp capture, the model dependence of the result is nevertheless quite small, because of constraints arising through the Siegert evaluation of the relevant E-1 matrix elements. In quasielastic electron scattering, these processes are found to be insignificant compared to the asymmetry produced by gamma-Z interference on individual nucleons. These two experiments, then, provide clean probes of different aspects of weak-interaction physics associated with parity violation in the np system. C1 Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Old Dominion Univ, Dept Phys, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Schiavilla, R (reprint author), Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. NR 36 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD MAR PY 2003 VL 67 IS 3 AR 032501 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.67.032501 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 663XL UT WOS:000182032000005 ER PT J AU Verde, G Danielewicz, P Brown, DA Lynch, WG Gelbke, CK Tsang, MB AF Verde, G Danielewicz, P Brown, DA Lynch, WG Gelbke, CK Tsang, MB TI Probing transport theories via two-proton source imaging SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; 2-PROTON CORRELATION-FUNCTIONS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; INTENSITY INTERFEROMETRY; NUCLEAR COLLISIONS; FRAGMENT FORMATION; EMISSION; ENERGY; EQUATION; DEPENDENCE AB The imaging technique is applied to two-proton correlation functions to extract quantitative information about the space-time properties of the emitting source and about the fraction of protons which can be attributed to fast emission mechanisms. These new analysis techniques resolve important ambiguities that bedeviled prior comparisons between measured correlation functions and those calculated by transport theory. Quantitative comparisons to transport theory are presented here. The results of the present analysis differ from those reported previously for the same reaction systems. The shapes of the two-proton emitting sources are strongly sensitive to the details about the in-medium nucleon-nucleon cross sections and their density dependence. C1 Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Verde, G (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RI Verde, Giuseppe/J-3609-2012; Lynch, William/I-1447-2013 OI Lynch, William/0000-0003-4503-176X NR 28 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD MAR PY 2003 VL 67 IS 3 AR 034606 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.67.034606 PG 11 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 663XL UT WOS:000182032000035 ER PT J AU Wiedeking, M Tabor, SL Cristancho, F Devlin, M Doring, J Jackson, CB Johns, GD Kaye, RA Lee, IY Lerma, F Macchiavelli, AO Naidu, M Ragnarsson, I Sarantites, DG Solomon, GZ AF Wiedeking, M Tabor, SL Cristancho, F Devlin, M Doring, J Jackson, CB Johns, GD Kaye, RA Lee, IY Lerma, F Macchiavelli, AO Naidu, M Ragnarsson, I Sarantites, DG Solomon, GZ TI Transition strengths and band terminations in Zr-86 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID ROTATIONAL BANDS; HIGH-SPIN; GAMMASPHERE; NB-86 AB High angular momentum states in Zr-86 were populated through the Ni-58(S-32,4p) reaction at 135 MeV using the 88-In. Cyclotron at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. Recoiling Zr-86 nuclei were stopped in a thick Ta backing. Prompt multi-gamma coincidences with evaporated charged particles were detected using the full array of GAMMASPHERE and the MICROBALL. Mean lifetimes of 36 levels in Zr-86 were measured using the Doppler-shift attenuation method. Transition quadrupole moments Q(t) were found in the range of about 0.3-1.5 e b in the positive-parity bands. The negative-parity bands show Q(t) values from about 0.25 to 1.2 e b. In the yrast positive-parity band, a sharp drop in collectivity approaching the 30(+) state supports the interpretation of band termination in this configuration. Decreasing Q(t) values approaching the 24(+) and 27(-) states also provide an indication of terminating structures. C1 Florida State Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Univ Nacl Colombia, Dept Fis, Bogota, Colombia. Washington Univ, Dept Chem, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lund Inst Technol, Dept Math Phys, S-21100 Lund, Sweden. RP Wiedeking, M (reprint author), Florida State Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. RI Devlin, Matthew/B-5089-2013 OI Devlin, Matthew/0000-0002-6948-2154 NR 20 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 EI 1089-490X J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD MAR PY 2003 VL 67 IS 3 AR 034320 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.67.034320 PG 14 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 663XL UT WOS:000182032000029 ER PT J AU Abazov, VM Abbott, B Abdesselam, A Abolins, M Abramov, V Acharya, BS Adams, DL Adams, M Ahmed, SN Alexeev, GD Alton, A Alves, GA Anderson, EW Arnoud, Y Avila, C Babintsev, VV Babukhadia, L Bacon, TC Baden, A Baldin, B Balm, PW Banerjee, S Barberis, E Baringer, P Barreto, J Bartlett, JF Bassler, U Bauer, D Bean, A Beaudette, F Begel, M Belyaev, A Beri, SB Bernardi, G Bertram, I Besson, A Beuselinck, R Bezzubov, VA Bhat, PC Bhatnagar, V Bhattacharjee, M Blazey, G Blekman, F Blessing, S Boehnlein, A Bojko, NI Bolton, TA Borcherding, F Bos, K Bose, T Brandt, A Breedon, R Briskin, G Brock, R Brooijmans, G Bross, A Buchholz, D Buehler, M Buescher, V Burtovoi, VS Butler, JM Canelli, F Carvalho, W Casey, D Casilum, Z Castilla-Valdez, H Chakraborty, D Chan, KM Chekulaev, SV Cho, DK Choi, S Chopra, S Christenson, JH Claes, D Clark, AR Coney, L Connolly, B Cooper, WE Coppage, D Crepe-Renaudin, S Cummings, MAC Cutts, D Davis, GA De, K de Jong, SJ Demarteau, M Demina, R Demine, P Denisov, D Denisov, SP Desai, S Diehl, HT Diesburg, M Doulas, S Ducros, Y Dudko, LV Duensing, S Duflot, L Dugad, SR Duperrin, A Dyshkant, A Edmunds, D Ellison, J Eltzroth, JT Elvira, VD Engelmann, R Eno, S Eppley, G Ermolov, P Eroshin, OV Estrada, J Evans, H Evdokimov, VN Fein, D Ferbel, T Filthaut, F Fisk, HE Fisyak, Y Flattum, E Fleuret, F Fortner, M Fox, H Fu, S Fuess, S Gallas, E Galyaev, AN Gao, M Gavrilov, V Genik, RJ Genser, K Gerber, CE Gershtein, Y Gilmartin, R Ginther, G Gomez, B Goncharov, PI Gordon, H Goss, LT Gounder, K Goussiou, A Graf, N Grannis, PD Green, JA Greenlee, H Greenwood, ZD Grinstein, S Groer, L Grunendahl, S Gupta, A Gurzhiev, SN Gutierrez, G Gutierrez, P Hadley, NJ Haggerty, H Hagopian, S Hagopian, V Hall, RE Hansen, S Hauptman, JM Hays, C Hebert, C Hedin, D Heinmiller, JM Heinson, AP Heintz, U Hildreth, MD Hirosky, R Hobbs, JD Hoeneisen, B Huang, Y Iashvili, I Illingworth, R Ito, AS Jaffre, M Jain, S Jesik, R Johns, K Johnson, M Jonckheere, A Jostlein, H Juste, A Kahl, W Kahn, S Kajfasz, E Kalinin, AM Karmanov, D Karmgard, D Kehoe, R Khanov, A Kharchilava, A Kim, SK Klima, B Knuteson, B Ko, W Kohli, JM Kostritskiy, AV Kotcher, J Kothari, B Kozelov, AV Kozlovsky, EA Krane, J Krishnaswamy, MR Krivkova, P Krzywdzinski, S Kubantsev, M Kuleshov, S Kulik, Y Kunori, S Kupco, A Kuznetsov, VE Landsberg, G Lee, WM Leflat, A Leggett, C Lehner, F Leonidopoulos, C Li, J Li, QZ Lima, JGR Lincoln, D Linn, SL Linnemann, J Lipton, R Lucotte, A Lueking, L Lundstedt, C Luo, C Maciel, AKA Madaras, RJ Malyshev, VL Manankov, V Mao, HS Marshall, T Martin, MI Mayorov, AA McCarthy, R McMahon, T Melanson, HL Merkin, M Merritt, KW Miao, C Miettinen, H Mihalcea, D Mishra, CS Mokhov, N Mondal, NK Montgomery, HE Moore, RW Mostafa, M da Motta, H Mutaf, YD Nagy, E Nang, F Narain, M Narasimham, VS Naumann, NA Neal, HA Negret, JP Nomerotski, A Nunnemann, T Obrant, GZ O'Neil, D Oguri, V Olivier, B Oshima, N Padley, P Papageorgiou, K Parashar, N Partridge, R Parua, N Patwa, A Peters, O Petroff, P Piegaia, R Pope, BG Popkov, E Prosper, HB Protopopescu, S Przybycien, MB Qian, J Raja, R Rajagopalan, S Rapidis, PA Reay, NW Reucroft, S Ridel, M Rijssenbeek, M Rizatdinova, F Rockwell, T Roco, M Royon, C Rubinov, P Ruchti, R Rutherfoord, J Sabirov, BM Sajot, G Santoro, A Sawyer, L Schamberger, RD Schellman, H Schwartzman, A Shabalina, E Shivpuri, RK Shpakov, D Shupe, M Sidwell, RA Simak, V Singh, H Sirotenko, V Slattery, P Smith, RP Snihur, R Snow, GR Snow, J Snyder, S Solomon, J Song, Y Sorin, V Sosebee, M Sotnikova, N Soustruznik, K Souza, M Stanton, NR Steinbruck, G Stephens, RW Stoker, D Stolin, V Stone, A Stoyanova, DA Strang, MA Strauss, M Strovink, M Stutte, L Sznajder, A Talby, M Taylor, W Tentindo-Repond, S Tripathi, SM Trippe, TG Turcot, AS Tuts, PM Vaniev, V Van Kooten, R Varelas, N Vertogradov, LS Villeneuve-Seguier, F Volkov, AA Vorobiev, AP Wahl, HD Wang, H Wang, ZM Warchol, J Watts, G Wayne, M Weerts, H White, A White, JT Whiteson, D Wijngaarden, DA Willis, S Wimpenny, SJ Womersley, J Wood, DR Xu, Q Yamada, R Yamin, P Yasuda, T Yatsunenko, YA Yip, K Youssef, S Yu, J Zanabria, M Zhang, X Zheng, H Zhou, B Zhou, Z Zielinski, M Zieminska, D Zieminski, A Zutshi, V Zverev, EG Zylberstejn, A AF Abazov, VM Abbott, B Abdesselam, A Abolins, M Abramov, V Acharya, BS Adams, DL Adams, M Ahmed, SN Alexeev, GD Alton, A Alves, GA Anderson, EW Arnoud, Y Avila, C Babintsev, VV Babukhadia, L Bacon, TC Baden, A Baldin, B Balm, PW Banerjee, S Barberis, E Baringer, P Barreto, J Bartlett, JF Bassler, U Bauer, D Bean, A Beaudette, F Begel, M Belyaev, A Beri, SB Bernardi, G Bertram, I Besson, A Beuselinck, R Bezzubov, VA Bhat, PC Bhatnagar, V Bhattacharjee, M Blazey, G Blekman, F Blessing, S Boehnlein, A Bojko, NI Bolton, TA Borcherding, F Bos, K Bose, T Brandt, A Breedon, R Briskin, G Brock, R Brooijmans, G Bross, A Buchholz, D Buehler, M Buescher, V Burtovoi, VS Butler, JM Canelli, F Carvalho, W Casey, D Casilum, Z Castilla-Valdez, H Chakraborty, D Chan, KM Chekulaev, SV Cho, DK Choi, S Chopra, S Christenson, JH Claes, D Clark, AR Coney, L Connolly, B Cooper, WE Coppage, D Crepe-Renaudin, S Cummings, MAC Cutts, D Davis, GA De, K de Jong, SJ Demarteau, M Demina, R Demine, P Denisov, D Denisov, SP Desai, S Diehl, HT Diesburg, M Doulas, S Ducros, Y Dudko, LV Duensing, S Duflot, L Dugad, SR Duperrin, A Dyshkant, A Edmunds, D Ellison, J Eltzroth, JT Elvira, VD Engelmann, R Eno, S Eppley, G Ermolov, P Eroshin, OV Estrada, J Evans, H Evdokimov, VN Fein, D Ferbel, T Filthaut, F Fisk, HE Fisyak, Y Flattum, E Fleuret, F Fortner, M Fox, H Fu, S Fuess, S Gallas, E Galyaev, AN Gao, M Gavrilov, V Genik, RJ Genser, K Gerber, CE Gershtein, Y Gilmartin, R Ginther, G Gomez, B Goncharov, PI Gordon, H Goss, LT Gounder, K Goussiou, A Graf, N Grannis, PD Green, JA Greenlee, H Greenwood, ZD Grinstein, S Groer, L Grunendahl, S Gupta, A Gurzhiev, SN Gutierrez, G Gutierrez, P Hadley, NJ Haggerty, H Hagopian, S Hagopian, V Hall, RE Hansen, S Hauptman, JM Hays, C Hebert, C Hedin, D Heinmiller, JM Heinson, AP Heintz, U Hildreth, MD Hirosky, R Hobbs, JD Hoeneisen, B Huang, Y Iashvili, I Illingworth, R Ito, AS Jaffre, M Jain, S Jesik, R Johns, K Johnson, M Jonckheere, A Jostlein, H Juste, A Kahl, W Kahn, S Kajfasz, E Kalinin, AM Karmanov, D Karmgard, D Kehoe, R Khanov, A Kharchilava, A Kim, SK Klima, B Knuteson, B Ko, W Kohli, JM Kostritskiy, AV Kotcher, J Kothari, B Kozelov, AV Kozlovsky, EA Krane, J Krishnaswamy, MR Krivkova, P Krzywdzinski, S Kubantsev, M Kuleshov, S Kulik, Y Kunori, S Kupco, A Kuznetsov, VE Landsberg, G Lee, WM Leflat, A Leggett, C Lehner, F Leonidopoulos, C Li, J Li, QZ Lima, JGR Lincoln, D Linn, SL Linnemann, J Lipton, R Lucotte, A Lueking, L Lundstedt, C Luo, C Maciel, AKA Madaras, RJ Malyshev, VL Manankov, V Mao, HS Marshall, T Martin, MI Mayorov, AA McCarthy, R McMahon, T Melanson, HL Merkin, M Merritt, KW Miao, C Miettinen, H Mihalcea, D Mishra, CS Mokhov, N Mondal, NK Montgomery, HE Moore, RW Mostafa, M da Motta, H Mutaf, YD Nagy, E Nang, F Narain, M Narasimham, VS Naumann, NA Neal, HA Negret, JP Nomerotski, A Nunnemann, T Obrant, GZ O'Neil, D Oguri, V Olivier, B Oshima, N Padley, P Papageorgiou, K Parashar, N Partridge, R Parua, N Patwa, A Peters, O Petroff, P Piegaia, R Pope, BG Popkov, E Prosper, HB Protopopescu, S Przybycien, MB Qian, J Raja, R Rajagopalan, S Rapidis, PA Reay, NW Reucroft, S Ridel, M Rijssenbeek, M Rizatdinova, F Rockwell, T Roco, M Royon, C Rubinov, P Ruchti, R Rutherfoord, J Sabirov, BM Sajot, G Santoro, A Sawyer, L Schamberger, RD Schellman, H Schwartzman, A Shabalina, E Shivpuri, RK Shpakov, D Shupe, M Sidwell, RA Simak, V Singh, H Sirotenko, V Slattery, P Smith, RP Snihur, R Snow, GR Snow, J Snyder, S Solomon, J Song, Y Sorin, V Sosebee, M Sotnikova, N Soustruznik, K Souza, M Stanton, NR Steinbruck, G Stephens, RW Stoker, D Stolin, V Stone, A Stoyanova, DA Strang, MA Strauss, M Strovink, M Stutte, L Sznajder, A Talby, M Taylor, W Tentindo-Repond, S Tripathi, SM Trippe, TG Turcot, AS Tuts, PM Vaniev, V Van Kooten, R Varelas, N Vertogradov, LS Villeneuve-Seguier, F Volkov, AA Vorobiev, AP Wahl, HD Wang, H Wang, ZM Warchol, J Watts, G Wayne, M Weerts, H White, A White, JT Whiteson, D Wijngaarden, DA Willis, S Wimpenny, SJ Womersley, J Wood, DR Xu, Q Yamada, R Yamin, P Yasuda, T Yatsunenko, YA Yip, K Youssef, S Yu, J Zanabria, M Zhang, X Zheng, H Zhou, B Zhou, Z Zielinski, M Zieminska, D Zieminski, A Zutshi, V Zverev, EG Zylberstejn, A CA DO Collaboration TI Multiple jet production at low transverse energies in p(p)over-bar collisions at root s=1.8 TeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID CROSS-SECTIONS; D0 DETECTOR; EVENTS AB We present data on multiple production of jets with transverse energies near 20 GeV in p (p) over bar collisions at roots=1.8 TeV. QCD calculations in the parton-shower approximation of PYTHIA and HERWIG and the next-to-leading order approximation of JETRAD are compared to the data for one, two, three, and four jet inclusive production. Transverse energy spectra and multiple jet angular and summed transverse-energy distributions are adequately described by the shower approximation while next-to-leading order calculations describe the data poorly. C1 Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. Univ Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. Ctr Brasileiro Pesquisas Fis, LAFEX, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Univ Estado Rio de Janeiro, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Univ Los Andes, Bogota, Colombia. Charles Univ, Ctr Particle Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. Acad Sci Czech Republ, Inst Phys, Ctr Particle Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. Univ San Francisco Quito, Quito, Ecuador. Univ Grenoble 1, CNRS, Inst Nucl Sci, IN2P3, Grenoble, France. CNRS, Accelerateur Lineaire Lab, IN2P3, F-91405 Orsay, France. Univ Paris 06, CNRS, LPNHE, IN2P3, Paris, France. Univ Paris 07, CNRS, LPNHE, IN2P3, Paris, France. CEA, DAPNIA, Serv Phys Particules, Saclay, France. Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-6500 Mainz, Germany. Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. Univ Delhi, Delhi 110007, India. Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Bombay 400005, Maharashtra, India. Seoul Natl Univ, Seoul, South Korea. CINVESTAV, Mexico City 14000, DF, Mexico. FOM, Inst NIKHEF, NL-1098 SJ Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Amsterdam, NIKHEF, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Nijmegen, NIKHEF, Nijmegen, Netherlands. Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Moscow, Russia. Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. Univ Lancaster, Lancaster, England. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London, England. Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Calif State Univ Fresno, Fresno, CA 93740 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. No Illinois Univ, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. Louisiana Tech Univ, Ruston, LA 71272 USA. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Langston Univ, Langston, OK 73050 USA. Univ Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019 USA. Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA. Univ Texas, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77005 USA. Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, Gatchina, Russia. RP Abazov, VM (reprint author), Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. RI Chekulaev, Sergey/O-1145-2015; Sznajder, Andre/L-1621-2016; Canelli, Florencia/O-9693-2016; Nomerotski, Andrei/A-5169-2010; Alves, Gilvan/C-4007-2013; Belyaev, Alexander/F-6637-2015; Shivpuri, R K/A-5848-2010; Gutierrez, Phillip/C-1161-2011; Dudko, Lev/D-7127-2012; Leflat, Alexander/D-7284-2012; Merkin, Mikhail/D-6809-2012; Yip, Kin/D-6860-2013; Kuleshov, Sergey/D-9940-2013; De, Kaushik/N-1953-2013; Oguri, Vitor/B-5403-2013; Kim, Sun Kee/G-2042-2015 OI Sznajder, Andre/0000-0001-6998-1108; Canelli, Florencia/0000-0001-6361-2117; Belyaev, Alexander/0000-0002-1733-4408; Dudko, Lev/0000-0002-4462-3192; Yip, Kin/0000-0002-8576-4311; Kuleshov, Sergey/0000-0002-3065-326X; De, Kaushik/0000-0002-5647-4489; Kim, Sun Kee/0000-0002-0013-0775 NR 16 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 5 AR 052001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.67.052001 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 663RQ UT WOS:000182019700003 ER PT J AU Abdel-Rehim, A Black, D Fariborz, AH Schechter, J AF Abdel-Rehim, A Black, D Fariborz, AH Schechter, J TI Effects of light scalar mesons in eta -> 3 pi decay SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID PI-PI-SCATTERING; CHIRAL PERTURBATION-THEORY; LINEAR SIGMA-MODEL; Q(Q)OVER-BAR NONET; PSEUDOSCALAR-MASS; SYMMETRY-BREAKING; CURRENT-ALGEBRA; DASHEN THEOREM; PHASE-SHIFT; K MESONS AB We study the role of a possible nonet of light scalar mesons in the still interesting eta-->3pi decay process, with the primary motivation of learning more about the scalars themselves. The framework is a conventional nonlinear chiral Lagrangian of pseudoscalars and vectors, extended to include the scalars. The parameters involving the scalars were previously obtained to fit the s-wave pipi and piK scatterings in the region up to about 1 GeV as well as the strong decay eta'-->etapipi. At first, one might expect a large enhancement from diagrams including a light sigma(560). However there is an amusing cancellation mechanism which prevents this from occurring. In the simplest model there is an enhancement of about 13 percent in the eta-->3pi decay rate due to the scalars. In a more complicated model which includes derivative type symmetry breakers, the cancellation is modified and the scalars contribute about 30 percent of the total decay rate (although the total is not significantly changed). The vectors do not contribute much. Our model produces a reasonable estimate for the related a(0)(980)-f(0)(980) mixing strength, which has been a topic of current interest. Promising directions for future work along the present line are suggested. C1 Syracuse Univ, Dept Phys, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. SUNY Coll Technol Utica, Inst Technol, Dept Math Sci, Utica, NY 13504 USA. RP Syracuse Univ, Dept Phys, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. EM abdou@physics.syr.edu; dblack@jlab.org; fariboa@sunyit.edu; schechte@physics.syr.edu NR 82 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 5 AR 054001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.67.054001 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 663RQ UT WOS:000182019700013 ER PT J AU Allen, TJ Coleman, T Olsson, MG Veseli, S AF Allen, TJ Coleman, T Olsson, MG Veseli, S TI QCD string structure in vector confinement SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID STATES AB We demonstrate that the Nambu-Goto string spectroscopy with massless quarks is replicated in highly excited states of the linear vector confinement potential. For deep radial excitations we observe that the Regge slope, spacing between daughter trajectories, and absolute state energies agree with those of the QCD string. C1 Hobart & William Smith Coll, Dept Phys, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Allen, TJ (reprint author), Hobart & William Smith Coll, Dept Phys, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 5 AR 054016 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.67.054016 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 663RQ UT WOS:000182019700028 ER PT J AU Babansky, A Balitsky, I AF Babansky, A Balitsky, I TI Scattering of color dipoles: From low to high energies SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID GLUON DISTRIBUTION-FUNCTIONS; PARTON-PARTON SCATTERING; BFKL POMERON; SMALL-X; LARGE NUCLEI; POMERANCHUK SINGULARITY; QUANTUM CHROMODYNAMICS; ADS/CFT CORRESPONDENCE; OPERATOR EXPANSION; PERTURBATIVE QCD AB A dipole-dipole scattering amplitude is calculated exactly in the first two orders of perturbation theory. This amplitude is an analytic function of the relative energy and the dipoles' sizes. The cross section of the dipole-dipole scattering approaches the high-energy Balitskii-Fadin-Kuraev-Lipatov (BFKL) asymptotics starting from a relatively large rapidity similar to5. C1 Jefferson Lab, Theory Grp, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Old Dominion Univ, Dept Phys, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. RP Jefferson Lab, Theory Grp, 12000 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. EM babansky@jlab.org; balitsky@jlab.org NR 42 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 5 AR 054026 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.67.054026 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 663RQ UT WOS:000182019700038 ER PT J AU Bai, JZ Ban, Y Bian, JG Blum, I Cai, X Chang, JF Chen, HF Chen, HS Chen, J Chen, J Chen, JC Chen, YB Chi, SP Chu, YP Cui, XZ Dai, YS Dong, LY Du, ZZ Dunwoodie, W Fang, J Fang, SS Fu, HY Fu, LP Gao, CS Gao, YN Gong, MY Gratton, P Gu, SD Guo, YN Guo, YQ Guo, ZJ Han, SW Harris, FA He, J He, KL He, M He, X Heng, YK Hong, T Hitlin, DG Hu, HM Hu, T Huang, GS Huang, XP Izen, JM Ji, XB Jiang, CH Jiang, XS Jin, DP Jin, S Jin, Y Jones, BD Ke, ZJ Kelsey, MH Kim, BK Kong, D Lai, YF Li, G Li, HH Li, J Li, JC Li, QJ Li, RY Li, W Li, WG Li, XQ Liu, CF Liu, F Liu, F Liu, HM Liu, JP Liu, RG Liu, TR Liu, Y Liu, ZA Liu, ZX Lou, XC Lowery, B Lu, GR Lu, F Lu, HJ Lu, JG Lu, ZJ Luo, XL Ma, EC Ma, FC Ma, JM Malchow, R Mao, ZP Meng, XC Mo, XH Nie, J Nie, ZD Olsen, SL Oyang, J Paluselli, D Pan, LJ Panetta, J Peng, HP Porter, F Qi, ND Qian, CD Qiu, JF Rong, G Schernau, M Shen, DL Shen, H Shen, XY Sheng, HY Shi, F Standifird, J Sun, HS Sun, SS Sun, YZ Tang, X Tian, D Toki, W Tong, GL Varner, GS Wang, J Wang, JZ Wang, L Wang, LS Wang, M Wang, M Wang, P Wang, PL Wang, WF Wang, YF Wang, YY Wang, Z Wang, Z Wang, ZY Weaver, M Wei, CL Wu, N Xia, XM Xie, XX Xu, GF Xu, Y Xue, ST Yan, ML Yan, WB Yang, CY Yang, GA Yang, HX Yang, W Ye, MH Ye, SW Ye, YX Ying, J Yu, CS Yu, GW Yuan, CZ Yuan, JM Yuan, Y Yue, Q Zeng, Y Zhang, BX Zhang, BY Zhang, CC Zhang, DH Zhang, HY Zhang, J Zhang, JW Zhang, L Zhang, LS Zhang, QJ Zhang, SQ Zhang, XY Zhang, YY Zhang, YY Zhang, ZP Zhao, DX Zhao, JW Zhao, JW Zhao, PP Zhao, WR Zhao, YB Zhao, ZG Zheng, JP Zheng, LS Zheng, ZP Zhong, XC Zhou, BQ Zhou, GM Zhou, L Zhu, KJ Zhu, QM Zhu, YC Zhu, YS Zhu, ZA Zhuang, BA Zou, BS AF Bai, JZ Ban, Y Bian, JG Blum, I Cai, X Chang, JF Chen, HF Chen, HS Chen, J Chen, J Chen, JC Chen, YB Chi, SP Chu, YP Cui, XZ Dai, YS Dong, LY Du, ZZ Dunwoodie, W Fang, J Fang, SS Fu, HY Fu, LP Gao, CS Gao, YN Gong, MY Gratton, P Gu, SD Guo, YN Guo, YQ Guo, ZJ Han, SW Harris, FA He, J He, KL He, M He, X Heng, YK Hong, T Hitlin, DG Hu, HM Hu, T Huang, GS Huang, XP Izen, JM Ji, XB Jiang, CH Jiang, XS Jin, DP Jin, S Jin, Y Jones, BD Ke, ZJ Kelsey, MH Kim, BK Kong, D Lai, YF Li, G Li, HH Li, J Li, JC Li, QJ Li, RY Li, W Li, WG Li, XQ Liu, CF Liu, F Liu, F Liu, HM Liu, JP Liu, RG Liu, TR Liu, Y Liu, ZA Liu, ZX Lou, XC Lowery, B Lu, GR Lu, F Lu, HJ Lu, JG Lu, ZJ Luo, XL Ma, EC Ma, FC Ma, JM Malchow, R Mao, ZP Meng, XC Mo, XH Nie, J Nie, ZD Olsen, SL Oyang, J Paluselli, D Pan, LJ Panetta, J Peng, HP Porter, F Qi, ND Qian, CD Qiu, JF Rong, G Schernau, M Shen, DL Shen, H Shen, XY Sheng, HY Shi, F Standifird, J Sun, HS Sun, SS Sun, YZ Tang, X Tian, D Toki, W Tong, GL Varner, GS Wang, J Wang, JZ Wang, L Wang, LS Wang, M Wang, M Wang, P Wang, PL Wang, WF Wang, YF Wang, YY Wang, Z Wang, Z Wang, ZY Weaver, M Wei, CL Wu, N Xia, XM Xie, XX Xu, GF Xu, Y Xue, ST Yan, ML Yan, WB Yang, CY Yang, GA Yang, HX Yang, W Ye, MH Ye, SW Ye, YX Ying, J Yu, CS Yu, GW Yuan, CZ Yuan, JM Yuan, Y Yue, Q Zeng, Y Zhang, BX Zhang, BY Zhang, CC Zhang, DH Zhang, HY Zhang, J Zhang, JW Zhang, L Zhang, LS Zhang, QJ Zhang, SQ Zhang, XY Zhang, YY Zhang, YY Zhang, ZP Zhao, DX Zhao, JW Zhao, JW Zhao, PP Zhao, WR Zhao, YB Zhao, ZG Zheng, JP Zheng, LS Zheng, ZP Zhong, XC Zhou, BQ Zhou, GM Zhou, L Zhu, KJ Zhu, QM Zhu, YC Zhu, YS Zhu, ZA Zhuang, BA Zou, BS CA BES Collaboration TI psi(2S) two- and three-body hadronic decays SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID RHO-PI PUZZLE; CHARMONIUM DECAYS; POSSIBLE EXPLANATION; FINAL-STATES; PSI' DECAYS; J/PSI; MESONS AB We report measurements of branching fractions for psi(2S) decays into omegapi(+)pi(-), b(1)pi, omegaf(2)(1270), omegaK(+)K(-), omegap (p) over bar, phipi(+)pi(-), phif(0)(980), phiK(+)K(-), and an upper limit for phip (p) over bar final states based on a data sample of (4.02+/-0.22)x10(6)psi(2S) events collected with the BESI detector at the Beijing Electron-Positron Collider. The branching fractions for b(1)pi and omegaf(2)(1270) update previous BES results, while those for other decay modes are first measurements. The ratios of psi(2S) and J/psi branching fractions are smaller than what is expected from the 12% rule by a factor of 5 for omegaf(2)(1270) and by a factor of 2 for omegapi(+)pi(-), omegap (p) over bar, and phiK(+)K(-), while for other studied channels the ratios are consistent with expectations within errors. C1 Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. China Ctr Adv Sci & Technol, Beijing 100080, Peoples R China. Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Henan Normal Univ, Xinxiang 453002, Peoples R China. Huazhong Normal Univ, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. Hunan Univ, Changsha 410082, Peoples R China. Liaoning Univ, Shenyang 110036, Peoples R China. Nankai Univ, Tianjin 300071, Peoples R China. Peking Univ, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. Shandong Univ, Jinan 250100, Peoples R China. Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Shanghai 200030, Peoples R China. Sichuan Univ, Chengdu 610064, Peoples R China. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Tsing Hua Univ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. Univ Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. Univ Texas, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. Wuhan Univ, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China. Zhejiang Univ, Hangzhou 310028, Peoples R China. RP Bai, JZ (reprint author), Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. RI Wang, Wenefng/G-6312-2011; Chen, Jie/H-6210-2011 NR 22 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 5 AR 052002 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.67.052002 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 663RQ UT WOS:000182019700004 ER PT J AU Bauer, CW Ligeti, Z Luke, M Manohar, AV AF Bauer, CW Ligeti, Z Luke, M Manohar, AV TI B decay shape variables and the precision determination of vertical bar V-cb vertical bar and m(b) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID QUARK EFFECTIVE THEORY; HEAVY-QUARK; LEPTON SPECTRUM; PERTURBATION-THEORY; PHOTON SPECTRUM; SEMILEPTONIC-B; MESON DECAYS; SUM-RULES; POLE MASS; QCD AB We present expressions for shape variables of B decay distributions in several different mass schemes, to order alpha(s)(2)beta(0) and Lambda(QCD)(3)/m(b)(3). Such observables are sensitive to the b quark mass and matrix elements in the heavy quark effective theory, and recent measurements allow precision determinations of some of these parameters. We perform a combined fit to recent experimental results from CLEO, BABAR, and DELPHI, and discuss the theoretical uncertainties due to nonperturbative and perturbative effects. We discuss the possible discrepancy between the OPE prediction, recent BABAR results and the measured branching fraction to D and D* states. We find \V-cb\ = (40.8+/-0.9)x10(-3) and m(b)(1S) = 4.74+/-0.10 GeV, where the errors are dominated by experimental uncertainties. C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. RP Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM bauer@physics.ucsd.edu; zligeti@lbl.gov; luke@physics.utoronto.ca; amanohar@ucsd.edu NR 49 TC 63 Z9 63 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 5 AR 054012 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.67.054012 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 663RQ UT WOS:000182019700024 ER PT J AU Becirevic, D Prelovsek, S Zupan, J AF Becirevic, D Prelovsek, S Zupan, J TI B ->pi and B -> K transitions in standard and quenched chiral perturbation theory SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID QUARK EFFECTIVE THEORY; HEAVY-LIGHT MESONS; EFFECTIVE-FIELD-THEORY; LATTICE QCD; DECAY CONSTANTS; FORM-FACTORS; ONE-LOOP; SEMILEPTONIC DECAYS; SYMMETRY-BREAKING; 1ST MEASUREMENT AB We study the effects of chiral logs on the heavy-->light pseudoscalar meson transition form factors by using standard and quenched chiral perturbation theory combined with the static heavy quark limit. The resulting expressions are used to indicate the size of uncertainties due to the use of the quenched approximation in the current lattice studies. They may also be used to assess the size of systematic uncertainties induced by missing chiral log terms in extrapolating toward the physical pion mass. We also provide the coefficient multiplying the quenched chiral log, which may be useful if the quenched lattice studies are performed with very light mesons. C1 Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Theory Grp, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Jozef Stefan Inst, Ljubljana 1001, Slovenia. Univ Ljubljana, Dept Phys, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia. RP Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, Piazzale Aldo Moro 2, I-00185 Rome, Italy. NR 66 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 5 AR 054010 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.67.054010 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 663RQ UT WOS:000182019700022 ER PT J AU Bodwin, GT Lee, J Braaten, E AF Bodwin, GT Lee, J Braaten, E TI Exclusive double-charmonium production from e(+)e(-) annihilation into two virtual photons SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID HADRONIC PRODUCTION; J-PSI; B-DECAYS; GLUON; DISTRIBUTIONS; QUARKONIUM; UPSILON AB We calculate the contributions from QED processes involving two virtual photons to the cross sections for e(+)e(-) annihilation into two charmonium states with the same C parity. Generically, the cross sections are three orders of magnitude smaller than those for charmonia with opposite C parity because they are suppressed by a factor of alpha(2)/alpha(s)(2). However, if both charmonia have quantum numbers J(PC) = 1(--), then there is a contribution to the cross section that involves the fragmentation of each photon into a charmonium. The fragmentation contribution is enhanced by powers of E-beam/m(c), the ratio of the beam energy to the charm-quark mass, and this enhancement can compensate for the suppression factor that is associated with the coupling constants. In particular, the predicted cross section for J/psi+J/psi at the B factories is larger than that for J/psi+eta(c). C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 27 TC 67 Z9 67 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 5 AR 054023 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.67.054023 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 663RQ UT WOS:000182019700035 ER PT J AU Boer, D Brodsky, SJ Hwang, DS AF Boer, D Brodsky, SJ Hwang, DS TI Initial-state interactions in the unpolarized Drell-Yan process SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID TRANSVERSE-SPIN ASYMMETRIES; DEEP-INELASTIC-SCATTERING; HADRON-HADRON COLLISIONS; FRAGMENTATION FUNCTIONS; ANGULAR-DISTRIBUTIONS; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; HARD-SCATTERING; MOMENTUM; PAIRS; QCD AB We show that initial-state interactions contribute to the cos 2phi distribution in unpolarized Drell-Yan lepton pair production pp and p (p) over bar-->l(+)l(-)X, without suppression. The asymmetry is expressed as a product of chiral-odd distributions h(1)(perpendicular to)(x(1),p(perpendicular to)(2))x (h) over bar (perpendicular to)(1)(x(2),k(perpendicular to)(2)), where the quark-transversity function h(1)(perpendicular to)(x,p(perpendicular to)(2)) is the transverse momentum dependent, light-cone momentum distribution of transversely polarized quarks in an unpolarized proton. We compute this (naive) T-odd and chiral-odd distribution function and the resulting cos 2phi asymmetry explicitly in a quark-scalar diquark model for the proton with initial-state gluon interaction. In this model the function h(1)(perpendicular to)(x,p(perpendicular to)(2)) equals the T-odd (chiral-even) Sivers effect function f(1T)(perpendicular to)(x,p(perpendicular to)(2)). This suggests that the single-spin asymmetries in the semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering and the Drell-Yan process are closely related to the cos 2phi asymmetry of the unpolarized Drell-Yan process, since all can arise from the same underlying mechanism. This provides new insight regarding the role of the quark and gluon orbital angular momentum as well as that of initial- and final-state gluon exchange interactions in hard QCD processes. C1 Free Univ Amsterdam, Dept Phys & Astron, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands. Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Sejong Univ, Dept Phys, Seoul 143747, South Korea. RP Boer, D (reprint author), Free Univ Amsterdam, Dept Phys & Astron, De Boelelaan 1081, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands. RI Boer, Daniel/B-3493-2015 OI Boer, Daniel/0000-0003-0985-4662 NR 45 TC 160 Z9 161 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 5 AR 054003 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.67.054003 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 663RQ UT WOS:000182019700015 ER PT J AU Boyanovsky, D de Vega, HJ Wang, SY AF Boyanovsky, D de Vega, HJ Wang, SY TI Dynamical renormalization group approach to transport in ultrarelativistic plasmas: The electrical conductivity in high temperature QED SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; HOT GAUGE-THEORIES; QUANTUM-FIELD THEORY; FINITE-TEMPERATURE; RELATIVISTIC HYDRODYNAMICS; PHASE-TRANSITION; MAGNETIC-FIELDS; TRANSVERSE INTERACTIONS; INFRARED DIVERGENCES AB The dc electrical conductivity of an ultrarelativistic QED plasma is studied in real time by implementing the dynamical renormalization group. The conductivity is obtained from the real-time dependence of a dissipative kernel closely related to the retarded photon polarization. Pinch singularities in the imaginary part of the polarization are manifest as secular terms that grow in time in the perturbative expansion of this kernel. The leading secular terms are studied explicitly and it is shown that they are insensitive to the anomalous damping of hard fermions as a result of a cancellation between self-energy and vertex corrections. The resummation of the secular terms via the dynamical renormalization group leads directly to a renormalization group equation in real time, which is the Boltzmann equation for the (gauge invariant) fermion distribution function. A direct correspondence between the perturbative expansion and the linearized Boltzmann equation is established, allowing a direct identification of the self-energy and vertex contributions to the collision term. We obtain a Fokker-Planck equation in momentum space that describes the dynamics of the departure from equilibrium to leading logarithmic order in the coupling. This equation determines that the transport time scale is given by t(tr)=24 pi/e(4)T ln(1/e). The solution of the Fokker-Planck equation approaches asymptotically the steady-state solution as similar toe(tr)(-t/(4.038...t)). The steady-state solution leads to the conductivity sigma=15.698 T/e(2)ln(1/e) to leading logarithmic order. We discuss the contributions beyond leading logarithms as well as beyond the Boltzmann equation. The dynamical renormalization group provides a link between linear response in quantum field theory and kinetic theory. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Univ Paris 06, LPTHE, F-75252 Paris 05, France. Univ Paris 07, CNRS, UMR 7589, F-75252 Paris 05, France. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Boyanovsky, D (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. NR 73 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD MAR PY 2003 VL 67 IS 6 AR 065022 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.67.065022 PG 39 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 665DW UT WOS:000182105200079 ER PT J AU Braaten, E Lee, J AF Braaten, E Lee, J TI Exclusive double-charmonium production from e(+)e(-) annihilation into a virtual photon SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID HADRONIC PRODUCTION; J-PSI; QUANTUM CHROMODYNAMICS; B-DECAYS; QUARKONIUM; GLUON; DISTRIBUTIONS; UPSILON AB We calculate the exclusive cross sections for e(+)e(-) annihilation into two charmonium states through a virtual photon. Purely electromagnetic contributions are surprisingly large, changing the cross sections by as much as 21%. The predicted cross section for J/psi+eta(c) is about an order of magnitude smaller than a recent measurement by the BELLE Collaboration, although part of the discrepancy can be attributed to large relativistic corrections. The cross sections for S-wave + P-wave, P-wave + P-wave, and S-wave + D-wave charmonium states are also calculated. It may be possible to discover the D-wave state eta(c2)(1D) at the B factories through the mode J/psi+eta(c2), whose cross section is predicted to be about a factor of 10 smaller than J/psi+eta(c). C1 Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. NR 31 TC 193 Z9 193 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 5 AR 054007 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.67.054007 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 663RQ UT WOS:000182019700019 ER PT J AU Brodsky, SJ Menke, S Merino, C Rathsman, J AF Brodsky, SJ Menke, S Merino, C Rathsman, J TI Behavior of the effective QCD coupling alpha(tau)(s) at low scales SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID HADRONIC TAU-DECAYS; PERTURBATIVE QUANTUM CHROMODYNAMICS; STRANGE SPECTRAL FUNCTIONS; RENORMALIZATION-SCHEME; E+E ANNIHILATION; EXCLUSIVE PROCESSES; PARTICLE PHYSICS; GAUGE-THEORIES; BETA-FUNCTION; TESTING QCD AB The hadronic decays of the tau lepton can be used to determine the effective charge alpha(tau)(m(tau)('2)) for a hypothetical tau lepton with a mass in the range 0 antineutrino oscillation; (ii) rare decays of K and B mesons and their antiparticles; and (iii) the lepton asymmetry generated by the decay of hypothetical very heavy right-handed "seesaw" neutrinos. We also find that, for the case of degenerate light neutrinos, manifestly CP-violating effects in neutrino <-> antineutrino oscillation vanish, although flavor-changing transitions do not. Finally, we comment on leptogenesis with degenerate right-handed neutrinos, and contrast it with the neutrino <-> antineutrino oscillation case. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Dept Theoret Phys, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Dept Theoret Phys, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 50 TC 79 Z9 79 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 5 AR 053004 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.67.053004 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 663RQ UT WOS:000182019700010 ER PT J AU DeWolfe, O Giddings, SB AF DeWolfe, O Giddings, SB TI Scales and hierarchies in warped compactifications and brane worlds SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID BLACK-HOLE COLLISIONS; GRAVITATIONAL-RADIATION; SUPERSYMMETRY BREAKING; STANDARD MODEL; SUPERGRAVITY; DIMENSIONS; SPEED; LIGHT; MILLIMETER; STRINGS AB Warped compactifications with branes provide a new approach to the hierarchy problem and generate a diversity of four-dimensional thresholds. We investigate the relationships between these scales, which fall into two classes. Geometrical scales, such as thresholds for Kaluza-Klein, excited string, and black hole production, are generically determined solely by the spacetime geometry. Dynamical scales, notably the scale of supersymmetry breaking and moduli masses, depend on other details of the model. We illustrate these relationships in a class of solutions of type IIB string theory with imaginary self-dual fluxes. After identifying the geometrical scales and the resulting hierarchy, we determine the gravitino and moduli masses through explicit dimensional reduction, and estimate their value to be near the four-dimensional Planck scale. In the process we obtain expressions for the superpotential and Kahler potential, including the effects of warping. We identify matter living on certain branes to be effectively sequestered from the supersymmetry breaking fluxes: specifically, such "visible sector" fields receive no tree-level masses from the supersymmetry breaking. However, loop corrections are expected to generate masses, at the phenomenologically viable TeV scale. C1 Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Kavli Inst Theoret Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, SLAC, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Kavli Inst Theoret Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. EM odewolfe@itp.ucsb.edu; giddings@physics.ucsb.edu NR 49 TC 187 Z9 187 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD MAR PY 2003 VL 67 IS 6 AR 066008 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.67.066008 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 665DW UT WOS:000182105200087 ER PT J AU Hastings, NC Abe, K Abe, K Abe, R Abe, T Adachi, I Aihara, H Akatsu, M Asano, Y Aso, T Aulchenko, V Aushev, T Bakich, AM Ban, Y Banas, E Bay, A Bedny, I Bizjak, I Bondar, A Bozek, A Bracko, M Brodzicka, J Browder, TE Casey, BCK Chang, MC Chang, P Chao, Y Chen, KF Cheon, BG Chistov, R Choi, SK Choi, Y Choi, YK Danilov, M Dong, LY Drutskoy, A Eidelman, S Eiges, V Enari, Y Everton, CW Fang, F Fukunaga, C Gabyshev, N Garmash, A Gershon, T Golob, B Haba, J Hagner, C Handa, F Hara, T Hasuko, K Hayashii, H Hazumi, M Higuchi, I Hinz, L Hokuue, T Hoshi, Y Hou, WS Hsiung, YB Huang, HC Igaki, T Igarashi, Y Iijima, T Inami, K Ishikawa, A Itoh, R Iwasaki, H Iwasaki, Y Jang, HK Kang, JH Kang, JS Kapusta, P Kataoka, SU Katayama, N Kawai, H Kawasaki, T Kichimi, H Kim, DW Kim, HJ Kim, HO Kim, H Kim, JH Kim, SK Kinoshita, K Kobayashi, S Korpar, S Krizan, P Krokovny, P Kulasiri, R Kumar, S Kuzmin, A Kwon, YJ Lange, JS Leder, G Lee, SH Li, J Lin, SW Liventsev, D Lu, RS MacNaughton, J Majumder, G Mandl, F Marlow, D Matsuishi, T Matsumoto, S Matsumoto, T Mitaroff, W Miyabayashi, K Miyake, H Miyata, H Moloney, GR Mori, T Nagamine, T Nagasaka, Y Nakadaira, T Nakano, E Nakao, M Nam, JW Natkaniec, Z Nishida, S Nitoh, O Noguchi, S Nozaki, T Ogawa, S Ohshima, T Okabe, T Okuno, S Olsen, SL Onuki, Y Ozaki, H Pakhlov, P Palka, H Park, CW Park, H Park, KS Peak, LS Perroud, JP Piilonen, LE Ronga, FJ Rozanska, M Rybicki, K Sagawa, H Saitoh, S Sakai, Y Sarangi, TR Satapathy, M Satpathy, A Schneider, O Schrenk, S Schumann, J Schwanda, C Semenov, S Senyo, K Seuster, R Sevior, ME Shibuya, H Sidorov, V Singh, JB Stanic, S Staric, M Sugi, A Sugiyama, A Sumisawa, K Sumiyoshi, T Suzuki, S Suzuki, SY Takahashi, T Takasaki, F Tamai, K Tamura, N Tanaka, J Tanaka, M Taylor, GN Teramoto, Y Tokuda, S Tomura, T Trabelsi, K Tsuboyama, T Tsukamoto, T Uehara, S Ueno, K Unno, Y Uno, S Varner, G Varvell, KE Wang, CC Wang, CH Wang, JG Wang, MZ Watanabe, Y Won, E Yabsley, BD Yamada, Y Yamaguchi, A Yamashita, Y Yamashita, Y Yamauchi, M Yanai, H Yokoyama, M Yuan, Y Yusa, Y Zhang, CC Zhang, ZP Zheng, Y Zhilich, V Zontar, D AF Hastings, NC Abe, K Abe, K Abe, R Abe, T Adachi, I Aihara, H Akatsu, M Asano, Y Aso, T Aulchenko, V Aushev, T Bakich, AM Ban, Y Banas, E Bay, A Bedny, I Bizjak, I Bondar, A Bozek, A Bracko, M Brodzicka, J Browder, TE Casey, BCK Chang, MC Chang, P Chao, Y Chen, KF Cheon, BG Chistov, R Choi, SK Choi, Y Choi, YK Danilov, M Dong, LY Drutskoy, A Eidelman, S Eiges, V Enari, Y Everton, CW Fang, F Fukunaga, C Gabyshev, N Garmash, A Gershon, T Golob, B Haba, J Hagner, C Handa, F Hara, T Hasuko, K Hayashii, H Hazumi, M Higuchi, I Hinz, L Hokuue, T Hoshi, Y Hou, WS Hsiung, YB Huang, HC Igaki, T Igarashi, Y Iijima, T Inami, K Ishikawa, A Itoh, R Iwasaki, H Iwasaki, Y Jang, HK Kang, JH Kang, JS Kapusta, P Kataoka, SU Katayama, N Kawai, H Kawasaki, T Kichimi, H Kim, DW Kim, HJ Kim, HO Kim, H Kim, JH Kim, SK Kinoshita, K Kobayashi, S Korpar, S Krizan, P Krokovny, P Kulasiri, R Kumar, S Kuzmin, A Kwon, YJ Lange, JS Leder, G Lee, SH Li, J Lin, SW Liventsev, D Lu, RS MacNaughton, J Majumder, G Mandl, F Marlow, D Matsuishi, T Matsumoto, S Matsumoto, T Mitaroff, W Miyabayashi, K Miyake, H Miyata, H Moloney, GR Mori, T Nagamine, T Nagasaka, Y Nakadaira, T Nakano, E Nakao, M Nam, JW Natkaniec, Z Nishida, S Nitoh, O Noguchi, S Nozaki, T Ogawa, S Ohshima, T Okabe, T Okuno, S Olsen, SL Onuki, Y Ozaki, H Pakhlov, P Palka, H Park, CW Park, H Park, KS Peak, LS Perroud, JP Piilonen, LE Ronga, FJ Rozanska, M Rybicki, K Sagawa, H Saitoh, S Sakai, Y Sarangi, TR Satapathy, M Satpathy, A Schneider, O Schrenk, S Schumann, J Schwanda, C Semenov, S Senyo, K Seuster, R Sevior, ME Shibuya, H Sidorov, V Singh, JB Stanic, S Staric, M Sugi, A Sugiyama, A Sumisawa, K Sumiyoshi, T Suzuki, S Suzuki, SY Takahashi, T Takasaki, F Tamai, K Tamura, N Tanaka, J Tanaka, M Taylor, GN Teramoto, Y Tokuda, S Tomura, T Trabelsi, K Tsuboyama, T Tsukamoto, T Uehara, S Ueno, K Unno, Y Uno, S Varner, G Varvell, KE Wang, CC Wang, CH Wang, JG Wang, MZ Watanabe, Y Won, E Yabsley, BD Yamada, Y Yamaguchi, A Yamashita, Y Yamashita, Y Yamauchi, M Yanai, H Yokoyama, M Yuan, Y Yusa, Y Zhang, CC Zhang, ZP Zheng, Y Zhilich, V Zontar, D CA Belle Collaboration TI Studies of B-0-(B)over-bar(0) mixing properties with inclusive dilepton events SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article AB We report a precise determination of the B-0-(B) over bar (0) mixing parameter Deltam(d) based on the time evolution of same-sign and opposite-sign dilepton yields in Y(4S) decays. Data were collected with the Belle detector at KEKB. Using data samples of 29.4 fb(-1) recorded at the Y(4S) resonance and 3.0 fb(-1) recorded at an energy 60 MeV below the resonance, we measure Deltam(d)=[0.503+/-0.008(stat)+/-0.010(syst)] ps(-1). From the same analysis, we also measure the ratio of charged and neutral B meson production at the Y(4S), f(+)/f(0)=1.01+/-0.03(stat)+/-0.09(syst), and CPT violation parameters in B-0-(B) over bar (0) mixing, R(cos theta)=0.00+/-0.12(stat)+/-0.01(syst) and J(cos theta)=0.03+/-0.01(stat)+/-0.03(syst). C1 Univ Melbourne, Parkville, Vic 3052, Australia. Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. Chiba Univ, Chiba, Japan. Chuo Univ, Tokyo, Japan. Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. Goethe Univ Frankfurt, D-6000 Frankfurt, Germany. Gyeongsang Natl Univ, Chinju, South Korea. Univ Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. KEK, High Energy Accelerator Res Org, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. Hiroshima Inst Technol, Hiroshima, Japan. Chinese Acad Sci, Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing, Peoples R China. Inst High Energy Phys, Vienna, Austria. Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. Jozef Stefan Inst, Ljubljana, Slovenia. Kanagawa Univ, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan. Korea Univ, Seoul 136701, South Korea. Kyoto Univ, Kyoto, Japan. Kyungpook Natl Univ, Taegu 702701, South Korea. Univ Lausanne, Inst Phys Hautes Energies, Lausanne, Switzerland. Univ Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia. Univ Maribor, SLO-2000 Maribor, Slovenia. Univ Melbourne, Parkville, Vic 3052, Australia. Nagoya Univ, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan. Nara Womens Univ, Nara, Japan. Natl Lien Ho Inst Technol, Miaoli, Taiwan. Natl Taiwan Univ, Taipei 10764, Taiwan. H Niewodniczanski Inst Nucl Phys, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland. Nihon Dental Coll, Niigata, Japan. Niigata Univ, Niigata, Japan. Osaka City Univ, Osaka 558, Japan. Osaka Univ, Osaka, Japan. Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. Peking Univ, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08545 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN, Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Saga Univ, Saga 840, Japan. Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. Seoul Natl Univ, Seoul, South Korea. Sungkyunkwan Univ, Suwon, South Korea. Univ Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Bombay 400005, Maharashtra, India. Toho Univ, Funabashi, Chiba 274, Japan. Tohoku Gakuin Univ, Tagajo, Miyagi, Japan. Tohoku Univ, Sendai, Miyagi 980, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. Tokyo Inst Technol, Tokyo 152, Japan. Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Tokyo 158, Japan. Tokyo Univ Agr & Technol, Tokyo, Japan. Toyama Natl Coll Maritime Technol, Toyama, Japan. Univ Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Utkal Univ, Bhubaneswar 751004, Orissa, India. Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. Yokkaichi Univ, Yokaichi, Japan. Yonsei Univ, Seoul 120749, South Korea. RP Univ Melbourne, Parkville, Vic 3052, Australia. RI Abe, Kazuo/F-6576-2010; Aihara, Hiroaki/F-3854-2010; Yokoyama, Masashi/A-4458-2011; Huang, Hsuan-Cheng/C-7266-2011; Nitoh, Osamu/C-3522-2013; Marlow, Daniel/C-9132-2014; Drutskoy, Alexey/C-8833-2016; Kim, Sun Kee/G-2042-2015; Pakhlov, Pavel/K-2158-2013; Danilov, Mikhail/C-5380-2014; Krokovny, Pavel/G-4421-2016; Chistov, Ruslan/B-4893-2014 OI Aihara, Hiroaki/0000-0002-1907-5964; Yokoyama, Masashi/0000-0003-2742-0251; Huang, Hsuan-Cheng/0000-0002-3386-0934; Drutskoy, Alexey/0000-0003-4524-0422; Kim, Sun Kee/0000-0002-0013-0775; Pakhlov, Pavel/0000-0001-7426-4824; Danilov, Mikhail/0000-0001-9227-5164; Krokovny, Pavel/0000-0002-1236-4667; Chistov, Ruslan/0000-0003-1439-8390 NR 10 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 5 AR 052004 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.67.052004 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 663RQ UT WOS:000182019700006 ER PT J AU Jager, B Schafer, A Stratmann, M Vogelsang, W AF Jager, B Schafer, A Stratmann, M Vogelsang, W TI Next-to-leading order QCD corrections to high-p(T) pion production in longitudinally polarized pp collisions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID JET CROSS-SECTIONS; DIRECT PHOTON PRODUCTION; DEEP-INELASTIC-SCATTERING; PARTON-PARTON SCATTERING; HADRON-HADRON SCATTERING; VECTOR BOSON PRODUCTION; MUON-PROTON-SCATTERING; SPIN-SPIN ASYMMETRIES; DEPENDENT DRELL-YAN; RADIATIVE-CORRECTIONS AB We present a calculation for single-inclusive large-p(T) pion production in longitudinally polarized pp collisions in next-to-leading order QCD. We choose an approach where fully analytical expressions for the underlying partonic hard-scattering cross sections are obtained. We simultaneously rederive the corresponding corrections to unpolarized scattering and confirm the results existing in the literature. Our results allow to calculate the double-spin asymmetry A(LL)(pi) for this process at next-to-leading order, which will soon be used at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider to measure the polarization of gluons in the nucleon. C1 Univ Regensburg, Inst Theoret Phys, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN, BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Univ Regensburg, Inst Theoret Phys, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany. NR 75 TC 150 Z9 150 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 5 AR 054005 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.67.054005 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 663RQ UT WOS:000182019700017 ER PT J AU Raufeisen, J Peng, JC AF Raufeisen, J Peng, JC TI Relating the parton model and color dipole formulation of heavy quark hadroproduction SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID DEEP-INELASTIC SCATTERING; DRELL-YAN PROCESS; CROSS-SECTION; FLAVOR PRODUCTION; HADRONIC COLLISIONS; MESON PRODUCTION; PP INTERACTIONS; NUCLEI; SATURATION; RESUMMATION AB At high center of mass energies, hadroproduction of heavy quarks can be expressed in terms of the same color dipole cross section as low Bjorken-x deep inelastic scattering. We show analytically that, at leading order, the dipole formulation is equivalent to the gluon-gluon fusion mechanism of the conventional parton model. In phenomenological application, we employ a parametrization of the dipole cross section which also includes higher order and saturation effects, thereby going beyond the parton model. Numerical calculations in the dipole approach agree well with experimental data on open charm production over a wide range of energy. The dipole approach and the next to leading order parton model yield similar values for open charm production, but for open bottom production, the dipole approach tends to predict somewhat higher cross sections than the parton model. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Raufeisen, J (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS H846, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 45 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 5 AR 054008 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.67.054008 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 663RQ UT WOS:000182019700020 ER PT J AU Bena, I Saxena, A Tsironis, GP Ibanes, M Sancho, JM AF Bena, I Saxena, A Tsironis, GP Ibanes, M Sancho, JM TI Confinement of discrete breathers in inhomogeneously profiled nonlinear chains SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID INTRINSIC LOCALIZED MODES; ENERGY LOCALIZATION; TRAPPING MECHANISM; DIATOMIC CHAIN; LATTICES; SOLITONS; DNA; IMPURITIES; MOBILITY; SYSTEMS AB We investigate numerically the scattering of a moving discrete breather on a pair of junctions in a Fermi-Pasta-Ulam chain. These junctions delimit an extended region with different masses of the particles. We consider (i) a rectangular trap, (ii) a wedge shaped trap, and (iii) a smoothly varying convex or concave mass profile. All three cases lead to DB confinement, with the ease of trapping depending on the profile of the trap. We also study the collision and trapping of two DBs within the profile as a function of trap width, shape, and approach time at the two junctions. The latter controls whether one or both DBs are trapped. C1 Univ Barcelona, Dept Estructura & Constituents Mat, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Crete, Dept Phys, Iraklion 71003, Crete, Greece. Fdn Res & Technol Hellas, Iraklion 71003, Crete, Greece. RP Bena, I (reprint author), Univ Barcelona, Dept Estructura & Constituents Mat, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. RI Ibanes, Marta/A-7657-2008; Tsironis, George/C-2683-2011 NR 38 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD MAR PY 2003 VL 67 IS 3 AR 037601 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.67.037601 PN 2 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 663TB UT WOS:000182020900086 ER PT J AU Benczik, IJ Toroczkai, Z Tel, T AF Benczik, IJ Toroczkai, Z Tel, T TI Advection of finite-size particles in open flows SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID FREEMAN SCHOLAR LECTURE; INDECOMPOSABLE CONTINUA; CHAOTIC-SCATTERING; POISEUILLE FLOW; FLUID-FLOW; DYNAMICS; MOTION; EQUATION; SYSTEMS; SPHERE AB It is known that small, spherical particles with inertia do not follow the local velocity field of the flow. Here we investigate the motion of such particles and particle ensembles immersed in open, unsteady flows which, in the case of ideal pointlike tracers, generate chaotic Lagrangian trajectories. Due to the extra force terms in the equations of motion (such as Stokes drag, added mass) the inertial tracer trajectories become described by a high-dimensional (2d + 1, with d being the flow's dimension) chaotic dynamics, which can drastically differ from the (d + 1)-dimensional ideal tracer dynamics. As a consequence, we find parameter regimes (in terms of density and size), where long-term tracer trapping can occur for the inertial particle, even for flows in which no ideal, pointlike passive tracers can be trapped. These studies are performed in a model of a two-dimensional channel flow past a cylindrical obstacle. Since the Lagrangian tracer dynamics is sensitive to the particle density and size parameters, a simple geometric setup in such flows could be used as a (low-density) particle mixture segregator. C1 Eotvos Lorand Univ, Inst Theoret Phys, H-1518 Budapest, Hungary. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Benczik, IJ (reprint author), Eotvos Lorand Univ, Inst Theoret Phys, POB 32, H-1518 Budapest, Hungary. RI Toroczkai, Zoltan/A-3421-2008 OI Toroczkai, Zoltan/0000-0002-6602-2849 NR 36 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD MAR PY 2003 VL 67 IS 3 AR 036303 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.67.036303 PN 2 PG 11 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 663TB UT WOS:000182020900043 PM 12689161 ER PT J AU Chertkov, M Chung, Y Dyachenko, A Gabitov, I Kolokolov, I Lebedev, V AF Chertkov, M Chung, Y Dyachenko, A Gabitov, I Kolokolov, I Lebedev, V TI Shedding and interaction of solitons in weakly disordered optical fibers SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID ABSORBING BOUNDARY-CONDITIONS; PERTURBATION-THEORY; PULSE CONFINEMENT; RANDOM DISPERSION; SYSTEMS; STATISTICS; WAVES AB The propagation of the soliton pattern through optical fiber with weakly disordered dispersion coefficient is considered. Solitons perturbed by this disorder radiate and, as a consequence, decay. The average radiation profile is found. Emergence of a long-range intrachannel interaction between the solitons (mediated by this radiation) is reported. We show that soliton in a multisoliton pattern experiences a random jitter: intersoliton separation is zero mean Gaussian random field. Fluctuations of this separation are estimated by deltay similar to Dz(2) rootmu, where D measures the disorder strength, z is the propagation distance, and mu stands for the transmission rate (number of solitons per unit length of the fiber). Direct numerical simulations are used to validate theoretical predictions for single soliton decay and two-soliton interaction. Relevance of these results to fiber optics communication technology is discussed. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. LD Landau Theoret Phys Inst, Moscow 117334, Russia. Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. RP Chertkov, M (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Chertkov, Michael/O-8828-2015; Dyachenko, Alexandr/F-1237-2016 OI Dyachenko, Alexandr/0000-0001-6103-0316 NR 36 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD MAR PY 2003 VL 67 IS 3 AR 036615 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.67.036615 PN 2 PG 21 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 663TB UT WOS:000182020900069 PM 12689187 ER PT J AU Gericke, DO Schlanges, M AF Gericke, DO Schlanges, M TI Energy deposition of heavy ions in the regime of strong beam-plasma correlations SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID STOPPING POWER; DENSE-PLASMAS AB The energy loss of highly charged ions in dense plasmas is investigated. The applied model includes strong beam-plasma correlation via a quantum T-matrix treatment of the cross sections. Dynamic screening effects are modeled by using a Debye-like potential with a velocity dependent screening length that guarantees the known low and high beam velocity limits. It is shown that this phenomenological model is in good agreement with simulation data up to very high beam-plasma coupling. An analysis of the stopping process shows considerably longer ranges and a less localized energy deposition if strong coupling is treated properly. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Greifswald, Inst Phys, D-17487 Greifswald, Germany. RP Gericke, DO (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 19 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD MAR PY 2003 VL 67 IS 3 AR 037401 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.67.037401 PN 2 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 663TB UT WOS:000182020900085 PM 12689203 ER PT J AU Kevrekidis, PG Malomed, BA Frantzeskakis, DJ Bishop, AR AF Kevrekidis, PG Malomed, BA Frantzeskakis, DJ Bishop, AR TI Domain walls in two-component dynamical lattices SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID WAVE-GUIDE ARRAYS; SELF-TRAPPING EQUATION; CONVECTION PATTERNS; GAP SOLITONS; STABILITY; BREATHERS; INSTABILITIES; BOUNDARIES; EXISTENCE AB We introduce domain-wall (DW) states in the bimodal discrete nonlinear Schrodinger equation, in which the modes are coupled by cross-phase modulation (XPM). The results apply to an array of nonlinear optical waveguides carrying two different polarizations of light, or two different wavelengths, with anomalous intrinsic diffraction controlled by direction of the light beam, and to a string of drops of a binary Bose-Einstein condensate, trapped in an optical lattice. By means of continuation from various initial patterns taken in the anticontinuum (AC) limit, we find a number of different solutions of the DW type, for which different stability scenarios are identified. In the case of strong-XPM coupling, DW configurations contain a single mode at each end of the chain. The most fundamental solution of this type is found to be always stable. Another solution, which is generated by a different AC pattern, demonstrates behavior which is unusual for nonlinear dynamical lattices: it is unstable for small values of the coupling constant C (which measures the ratio of the nonlinearity and coupling lengths), and becomes stable at larger C. Stable bound states of DWs are also found. DW configurations generated by more sophisticated AC patterns are identified as well, but they are either completely unstable, or are stable only at small values of C. In the case of weak XPM, a natural DW solution is the one which contains a combination of both polarizations, with the phase difference between them 0 and pi at the opposite ends of the lattice. This solution is unstable at all values of C, but the instability is very weak for large C, indicating stabilization as the continuum limit is approached. The stability of DWs is also verified by direct simulations, and the evolution of unstable DWs is simulated too; in particular, it is found that, in the weak-XPM system, the instability may give rise to a moving DW. The DW states can be observed experimentally in the same parameter range where discrete solitons have been found in the lattice setting. C1 Univ Massachusetts, Dept Math & Stat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. Tel Aviv Univ, Fac Engn, Dept Interdisciplinary Studies, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. Univ Athens, Dept Phys, Athens 15784, Greece. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Kevrekidis, PG (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Math & Stat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. NR 32 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD MAR PY 2003 VL 67 IS 3 AR 036614 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.67.036614 PN 2 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 663TB UT WOS:000182020900068 PM 12689186 ER PT J AU Kraynik, AM Reinelt, DA van Swol, F AF Kraynik, AM Reinelt, DA van Swol, F TI Structure of random monodisperse foam SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID SIMPLE SHEARING FLOW; DRY SOAP FOAMS; MINIMAL-SURFACES; CONJECTURE; COUNTEREXAMPLE; POLYHEDRA; RHEOLOGY; DYNAMICS; PACKING; SPHERES AB The Surface Evolver was used to calculate the equilibrium microstructure of random monodisperse soap froth, starting from Voronoi partitions of randomly packed spheres. The sphere packing has a strong influence on foam properties, such as E (surface free energy) and [f] (average number of faces per cell). This means that random foams composed of equal-volume cells come in a range of structures with different topological and geometric properties. Annealing-subjecting relaxed foams to large-deformation, tension-compression cycles-provokes topological transitions that can further reduce E and [f]. All of the foams have [f]less than or equal to14. The topological statistics and census of cell types for fully annealed foams are in excellent agreement with experiments by Matzke. Geometric properties related to surface area, edge length, and stress are evaluated for the foams and their individual cells. Simple models based on regular polygons predict trends for the edge length of individual cells and the area of individual faces. Graphs of surface area vs shape anisotropy for the cells reflect the geometrical frustration in random monodisperse foam, which is epitomized by pentagonal dodecahedra: they have low surface area but do not pack to fill space. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Dept 9114 MS0834, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. So Methodist Univ, Dept Math, Dallas, TX 75275 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Dept 1834 MS1349, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Univ New Mexico, Adv Mat Lab, Dept Chem & Nucl Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. RP Kraynik, AM (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Dept 9114 MS0834, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM amkrayn@sandia.gov NR 50 TC 103 Z9 103 U1 5 U2 20 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD MAR PY 2003 VL 67 IS 3 AR 031403 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.67.031403 PN 1 PG 11 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 663TA UT WOS:000182020700021 PM 12689063 ER PT J AU Bohn, CL Sideris, IV AF Bohn, CL Sideris, IV TI Chaotic orbits in thermal-equilibrium beams: Existence and dynamical implications SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article ID CHARGED-PARTICLE BEAMS; N-BODY PROBLEM; LYAPUNOV EXPONENTS; CONTINUUM-LIMIT; INSTABILITY; POTENTIALS; SYSTEMS AB Phase mixing of chaotic orbits exponentially distributes these orbits through their accessible phase space. This phenomenon, commonly called "chaotic mixing," stands in marked contrast to phase mixing of regular orbits which proceeds as a power law in time. It is operationally irreversible; hence, its associated e-folding time scale sets a condition on any process envisioned for emittance compensation. A key question is whether beams can support chaotic orbits, and if so, under what conditions? We numerically investigate the parameter space of three-dimensional thermal-equilibrium beams with space charge, confined by linear external focusing forces, to determine whether the associated potentials support chaotic orbits. We find that a large subset of the parameter space does support chaos and, in turn, chaotic mixing. Details and implications are enumerated. C1 No Illinois Univ, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. RP Bohn, CL (reprint author), No Illinois Univ, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. NR 38 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD MAR PY 2003 VL 6 IS 3 AR 034203 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.6.034203 PG 15 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 665MT UT WOS:000182125400012 ER PT J AU Cousineau, S Lee, SY Holmes, JA Danilov, V Fedotov, A AF Cousineau, S Lee, SY Holmes, JA Danilov, V Fedotov, A TI Space charge induced resonance excitation in high intensity rings SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article ID HALF-INTEGER RESONANCE; DOMINATED BEAMS; SYNCHROTRONS; MODEL AB We present a particle core model study of the space charge effect on high intensity synchrotron beams, with specific emphasis on the Proton Storage Ring (PSR) at Los Alamos National Laboratory. Our particle core model formulation includes realistic lattice focusing and dispersion. We transport both matched and mismatched beams through real lattice structure and compare the results with those of an equivalent uniform-focusing approximation. The effects of lattice structure and finite momentum spread on the resonance behavior are specifically targeted. Stroboscopic maps of the mismatched envelope are constructed and show high-order resonances and stochastic effects that dominate at high mismatch or high intensity. We observe the evolution of the envelope phase-space structure during a high intensity PSR beam accumulation. Finally, we examine the envelope-particle parametric resonance condition and discuss the possibility for halo growth in synchrotron beams due to this mechanism. C1 Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Cousineau, S (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. NR 23 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD MAR PY 2003 VL 6 IS 3 AR 034205 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.6.034205 PG 14 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 665MT UT WOS:000182125400014 ER PT J AU Emma, P Stupakov, G AF Emma, P Stupakov, G TI Limitations of electron beam conditioning for free-electron lasers SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article ID FEL AB Several ideas have been proposed to "condition" an electron beam prior to the undulator of a free-electron laser (FEL) by increasing each particle's energy in proportion to the square of its transverse betatron amplitude. This conditioning enhances FEL gain by reducing the axial velocity spread within the electron bunch. We demonstrate that for symplectic beam lines, and independent of the method, this conditioning is always accompanied by a large head-tail focusing variation which, for short-wavelength FELs, is so severe as to make conditioning completely impractical. We furthermore find that any system added to correct the head-tail focusing variation will also remove the conditioning. As an example, a new method for conditioning is presented and shown to generate exactly the same head-tail focusing problems as in previously published work. C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Emma, P (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. NR 10 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD MAR PY 2003 VL 6 IS 3 AR 030701 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.6.030701 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 665MT UT WOS:000182125400003 ER PT J AU Harkay, KC Rosenberg, RA AF Harkay, KC Rosenberg, RA TI Properties of the electron cloud in a high-energy positron and electron storage ring SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article ID INSTABILITY; EMISSION; BEAM AB Low-energy, background electrons are ubiquitous in high-energy particle accelerators. Under certain conditions, interactions between this electron cloud and the high-energy beam can give rise to numerous effects that can seriously degrade the accelerator performance. These effects range from vacuum degradation to collective beam instabilities and emittance blowup. Although electron-cloud effects were first observed two decades ago in a few proton storage rings, they have in recent years been widely observed and intensely studied in positron and proton rings. Electron-cloud diagnostics developed at the Advanced Photon Source enabled for the first time detailed, direct characterization of the electron-cloud properties in a positron and electron storage ring. From in situ measurements of the electron flux and energy distribution at the vacuum chamber wall, electron-cloud production mechanisms and details of the beam-cloud interaction can be inferred. A significant longitudinal variation of the electron cloud is also observed, due primarily to geometrical details of the vacuum chamber. Such experimental data can be used to provide realistic limits on key input parameters in modeling efforts, leading ultimately to greater confidence in predicting electron-cloud effects in future accelerators. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Harkay, KC (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM harkay@aps.anl.gov; rar@aps.anl.gov RI Rosenberg, Richard/K-3442-2012 NR 35 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD MAR PY 2003 VL 6 IS 3 AR 034402 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.6.034402 PG 12 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 665MT UT WOS:000182125400018 ER PT J AU Houck, T Lidia, S AF Houck, T Lidia, S TI Beam dynamics experiments to study the suppression of transverse instabilities SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article ID KLYSTRON 2-BEAM ACCELERATOR AB Two-beam accelerators based upon relativistic klystron's (RK's) have been proposed as power sources for future generation linear electron-positron colliders. These drivers are susceptible to several transverse beam breakup (BBU) instabilities. An experiment to study a particular technique ( the "betatron node scheme") for ameliorating the high-frequency BBU has been performed at LBNL on a 1 MeV, 500 A induction accelerator beam. The results of this experiment are particularly important for RK, but apply to any system where the betatron phase advance between perturbing structures is an integral multiple of 180degrees. This phase advance is beneficial in linear accelerators as the instability growth changes from exponential to linear. In the experiment described below, the beam is contained in a solenoidal focusing channel, rf cavities are spaced every 60 cm, and growth in the transverse motion was measured as a function of phase advance. Details of the experiment and results are presented. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. LBNL, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Houck, T (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD MAR PY 2003 VL 6 IS 3 AR 030101 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.6.030101 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 665MT UT WOS:000182125400001 ER PT J AU Piot, P Carr, L Graves, WS Loos, H AF Piot, P Carr, L Graves, WS Loos, H TI Subpicosecond compression by velocity bunching in a photoinjector SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article ID FREE-ELECTRON LASER; RF AB We present an experimental evidence of a bunch compression scheme that uses a traveling wave accelerating structure as a compressor. The bunch length issued from a laser-driven radio-frequency electron source was compressed by a factor >3 using an S-band traveling wave structure located immediately downstream from the electron source. Experimental data are found to be in good agreement with particle tracking simulations. C1 DESY, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Piot, P (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM piot@fnal.gov; wsgraves@mit.edu NR 17 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD MAR PY 2003 VL 6 IS 3 AR 033503 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.6.033503 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 665MT UT WOS:000182125400009 ER PT J AU Piot, P Douglas, DR Krafft, GA AF Piot, P Douglas, DR Krafft, GA TI Longitudinal phase space manipulation in energy recovering linac-driven free-electron lasers SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article ID COHERENT AB Energy recovering an electron beam after it has participated in a free-electron laser (FEL) interaction can be quite challenging because of the substantial FEL-induced energy spread and the energy antidamping that occurs during deceleration. In the Jefferson Lab infrared FEL driver accelerator, such an energy recovery scheme was implemented by properly matching the longitudinal phase space throughout the recirculation transport by employing the so-called energy compression scheme. In the present paper, after presenting a single-particle dynamics approach of the method used to energy recover the electron beam, we report on experimental validation of the method obtained by measurements of the so-called "compression efficiency" and "momentum compaction" lattice transfer maps at different locations in the recirculation transport line. We also compare these measurements with numerical tracking simulations. C1 Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Piot, P (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD MAR PY 2003 VL 6 IS 3 AR 030702 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.6.030702 PG 11 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 665MT UT WOS:000182125400004 ER PT J AU Pivi, MTF Furman, MA AF Pivi, MTF Furman, MA TI Electron cloud development in the Proton Storage Ring and in the Spallation Neutron Source SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article ID EMISSION AB We have applied our simulation code POSINST to evaluate the contribution to the growth rate of the electron cloud instability in proton storage rings. In particular, we present here recent simulation results for the main features of the electron cloud in the storage ring of the Spallation Neutron Source at Oak Ridge, and updated results for the Proton Storage Ring at Los Alamos. A key ingredient in our model is a detailed description of the secondary electron emission process, including a refined model for the emitted energy spectrum, and for the three main components of the secondary yield, namely, the true secondary, rediffused and backscattered components. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Accelerator & Fus Res, Ctr Beam Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Pivi, MTF (reprint author), Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, POB 20450, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. NR 25 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD MAR PY 2003 VL 6 IS 3 AR 034201 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.6.034201 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 665MT UT WOS:000182125400010 ER PT J AU Stupakov, GV Kotelnikov, IA AF Stupakov, GV Kotelnikov, IA TI Shielding and synchrotron radiation in toroidal waveguide SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article AB We develop a new approach to the calculation of the synchrotron radiation in a toroidal vacuum chamber. Using a small parameter epsilon = roota/R, where a is the characteristic size of the cross section of the toroid and R is the bending radius, we simplify Maxwell's equations assuming that the characteristic frequency of the modes omega similar to c/aepsilon and neglect terms of higher order in epsilon. For a rectangular cross section of the waveguide, we find an analytical solution of the equations and analyze their asymptotics at very high frequency. We then obtain an equation which gives radiation into each synchronous mode. We demonstrate the flexibility of the new method by calculating the frequencies and the loss factors for the lowest modes in square and round waveguides. C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. RP Stupakov, GV (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. OI Kotelnikov, Igor/0000-0002-5509-3174 NR 8 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD MAR PY 2003 VL 6 IS 3 AR 034401 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.6.034401 PG 12 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 665MT UT WOS:000182125400017 ER PT J AU Uhm, HS Davidson, RC AF Uhm, HS Davidson, RC TI Effects of electron collisions on the resistive hose instability in intense charged particle beams propagating through background plasma SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article ID ION-BEAMS; SIMULATIONS; FUSION AB The dispersion relation for the resistive hose instability in a charged particle beam with a flattop density profile is derived from the linearized Vlasov-Maxwell equations. Stability properties of the resistive hose instability where the perturbations are initiated at the beam entrance are investigated. In particular, the complex eigen frequency Omega in the dispersion relation is expressed as a function of the real oscillation frequency omega of the excitation at the beam entrance. As expected, the growth rate ImOmega = Omega(i) decreases rapidly as the conducting wall approaches the beam (r(w)/r(b) --> 1). The growth rate also decreases substantially as the frequency ratio omega/v(c) increases, where v(c) is the electron collision frequency. Stability properties for perturbations propagating through the beam pulse from its head to tail are also investigated. In this case, the growth rate Imomega is calculated in terms of the real oscillation frequency Omega of each beam segment. It is shown that the resonance frequency Omega = Omega(r) corresponding to the infinite growth rate detunes considerably from the betatron frequency omega(beta) of the beam particles. It is also found that the bandwidth corresponding to instability is narrow when the plasma electron collision time (1/v(c)) is long compared with the magnetic decay time (tau(d)). C1 Ajou Univ, Dept Mol Sci & Technol, Suwon 442749, South Korea. Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Uhm, HS (reprint author), Ajou Univ, Dept Mol Sci & Technol, Suwon 442749, South Korea. NR 33 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD MAR PY 2003 VL 6 IS 3 AR 034204 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.6.034204 PG 10 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 665MT UT WOS:000182125400013 ER PT J AU Hoddeson, L Kolb, A AF Hoddeson, L Kolb, A TI Vision to reality: from Robert R. Wilson's frontier to Leon M. Lederman's Fermilab SO PHYSICS IN PERSPECTIVE LA English DT Article DE Fermilab; high-energy physics; laboratory; particle accelerator; big science; Robert R. Wilson; Leon M. Lederman ID ENERGY AB We examine the roles of vision and leadership in creating and directing Ferini National Accelerator Laboratory from the late 1960s through the 1980s. The story divides into two administrations having different problems and accomplishments, that of Robert R. Wilson from 1967-1978, which saw the transformation from cornfield to frontier physics facility, and that of Leon M. Lederman from 1979-1989, in which the laboratory evolved into one of the world's major high-energy facilities. Lederman's pragmatic vision Of a User-based experimental community helped him to convert the pioneering facility that Wilson had built frugally into a laboratory with a stable scientific, Cultural, and funding environment. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Hist, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Hoddeson, L (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Hist, 309 Gregory Hall, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. NR 56 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIRKHAUSER VERLAG AG PI BASEL PA VIADUKSTRASSE 40-44, PO BOX 133, CH-4010 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1422-6944 J9 PHYS PERSPECT JI Phys. Perspect. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 5 IS 1 BP 67 EP 86 DI 10.1007/s000160300003 PG 20 WC History & Philosophy Of Science SC History & Philosophy of Science GA 677HM UT WOS:000182800900004 ER PT J AU White, R Zakharov, LE AF White, R Zakharov, LE TI Hamiltonian guiding center equations in toroidal magnetic configurations SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article AB Guiding center equations for particle motion in a toroidal magnetic configuration are derived using general magnetic coordinates. For the case of axisymmetry, the explicit transformation to exact Hamiltonian canonical variables is presented for the first time. Approximate canonical coordinates are introduced also for three-dimensional configurations with strong toroidal magnetic field. Previous derivations made use of so-called Boozer equilibrium coordinates, which are highly nonuniform and are canonical only in the exceptional case of low beta, up-down symmetric configurations. The present formalism is valid for arbitrary, spatially well distributed magnetic coordinates, greatly increasing the accuracy of calculations. Magnetostatic equilibrium is not assumed in the present formalism, the analysis holds for any configuration with nested flux surfaces. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP White, R (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RI White, Roscoe/D-1773-2013 OI White, Roscoe/0000-0002-4239-2685 NR 9 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD MAR PY 2003 VL 10 IS 3 BP 573 EP 576 DI 10.1063/1.1544500 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 646ZA UT WOS:000181065700003 ER PT J AU Robey, HF Zhou, Y Buckingham, AC Keiter, P Remington, BA Drake, RP AF Robey, HF Zhou, Y Buckingham, AC Keiter, P Remington, BA Drake, RP TI The time scale for the transition to turbulence in a high Reynolds number, accelerated flow SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID OMEGA-LASER SYSTEM; SUPERNOVA HYDRODYNAMICS; NOVA LASER; INSTABILITY; VISCOSITY; PLASMAS; GROWTH AB An experiment is described in which an interface between materials of different density is subjected to an acceleration history consisting of a strong shock followed by a period of deceleration. The resulting flow at this interface, initiated by the deposition of strong laser radiation into the initially well characterized solid materials, is unstable to both the Richtmyer-Meshkov (RM) and Rayleigh-Taylor (RT) instabilities. These experiments are of importance in their ability to access a difficult experimental regime characterized by very high energy density (high temperature and pressure) as well as large Reynolds number and Mach number. Such conditions are of interest, for example, in the study of the RM/RT induced mixing that occurs during the explosion of a core-collapse supernova. Under these experimental conditions, the flow is in the plasma state and given enough time will transition to turbulence. By analysis of the experimental data and a corresponding one-dimensional numerical simulation of the experiment, it is shown that the Reynolds number is sufficiently large (Re>10(5)) to support a turbulent flow. An estimate of three key turbulence length scales (the Taylor and Kolmogorov microscales and a viscous diffusion scale), however, shows that the temporal duration of the present flow is insufficient to allow for the development of a turbulent inertial subrange. A methodology is described for estimating the time required under these conditions for the development of a fully turbulent flow. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. RP Robey, HF (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Drake, R Paul/I-9218-2012; Keiter, Paul/J-3037-2013 OI Drake, R Paul/0000-0002-5450-9844; NR 30 TC 49 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD MAR PY 2003 VL 10 IS 3 BP 614 EP 622 DI 10.1063/1.1534584 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 646ZA UT WOS:000181065700010 ER PT J AU Semenov, I Mirnov, S Darrow, D Roquemore, L Fredrickson, ED Menard, J Stutman, D Belov, A AF Semenov, I Mirnov, S Darrow, D Roquemore, L Fredrickson, ED Menard, J Stutman, D Belov, A TI Phenomenology of internal reconnections in the National Spherical Torus Experiment SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID TOKAMAKS AB The behavior of large scale magnetohydrodynamic modes was investigated in the National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX) [M. Ono , Nucl. Fusion 40, 557 (2000)] during reconnection events using combined analysis of magnetic probe signals, and soft x-ray data. The comparison of mode dynamics during precursor and disruption stages in T-11M (V. S. Vlasenkov , in Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Plasma Physics and Controlled Nuclear Fusion Research, Berchtesgaden, 6-13 October 1976, p. 95) (small circular plasma), Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor [R. J. Hawryluk , Plasma Phys. Controlled Fusion 33, 1509 (1991)] (large circular plasma), and NSTX (large spherical plasma) was done. The analysis shows that the sequence of events of minor and major internal reconnection events (IRE) in NSTX is essentially similar to that for disruptions in moderate aspect ratio tokamaks. The main feature of disruption dynamics apparently affected by the small aspect ratio in NSTX appears in the relatively slow thermal quench event (5-10 times longer compared to ordinary tokamaks), which precedes the major IRE. The coincidence of the electron and neutron quench times during the major IRE leads us to the conclusion that the fast ions and hot electrons leave the center of a plasma column simultaneously, i.e., convectively. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Kurchatov Inst, Moscow, Russia. TRINITI, Troitsk 142092, Moscow Reg, Russia. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RP Semenov, I (reprint author), Kurchatov Inst, Moscow, Russia. RI Stutman, Dan/P-4048-2015; OI Menard, Jonathan/0000-0003-1292-3286 NR 13 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD MAR PY 2003 VL 10 IS 3 BP 664 EP 670 DI 10.1063/1.1539031 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 646ZA UT WOS:000181065700016 ER PT J AU Gorelenkov, NN Gondhalekar, A Korotkov, AA Sharapov, SE Testa, D AF Gorelenkov, NN Gondhalekar, A Korotkov, AA Sharapov, SE Testa, D TI Mechanism of radial redistribution of energetic trapped ions due to m=2/n=1 kink instability in plasmas with an internal transport barrier in the Joint European Torus SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID FUSION-TEST-REACTOR; INDUCED ALFVEN EIGENMODES; SAWTOOTH OSCILLATIONS; NEUTRON EMISSION; ALPHA-PARTICLES; MAGNETIC SHEAR; JET; TOKAMAK; TFTR; SAWTEETH AB Internal radial redistribution of MeV energy ion cyclotron resonance frequency driven hydrogen minority ions was inferred from neutral particle analyzer measurements during large amplitude magnetohydrodynamic activity in plasmas with an internal transport barrier in the Joint European Torus. A theory is developed for energetic ion redistribution during a m=2/n=1 kink mode instability. Plasma motion during the instability or during subsequent magnetic reconnection generates an electric field which can change the energy and radial position of the energetic ions. The magnitude of ion energy change depends on the value of the safety factor at the plasma core, q(0) from which the energetic ions are redistributed. A relation is found for the corresponding change in canonical momentum P-Phi, which leads to radial displacement of the ions. The model yields distinctive new features of energetic ion redistribution such as more vertical particle displacement as q(0) increases from 1 to 2. Predicted characteristics of ion redistribution are compared with the measurements, and good correlation is found. Sometimes the energetic ions were further transported to the plasma edge due to interaction with a long-lived magnetic fluctuation (often in the form of a magnetic island) with chirping frequency in the laboratory frame which developed after the m=2/n=1 kink instability. Convection of resonant ions trapped in a radially moving phase-space island is modeled to understand the physics of such events. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. UKAEA Euratom Fus Assoc, Culham Sci Ctr, Abingdon OX14 3DB, Oxon, England. MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Gorelenkov, NN (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 41 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD MAR PY 2003 VL 10 IS 3 BP 713 EP 725 DI 10.1063/1.1539471 PG 13 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 646ZA UT WOS:000181065700023 ER PT J AU Mazzucato, E AF Mazzucato, E TI Localized measurement of turbulent fluctuations in tokamaks with coherent scattering of electromagnetic waves SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID DENSITY-FLUCTUATIONS; TRANSPORT; PLASMAS AB Localized measurements of short-scale turbulent fluctuations in tokamaks are still an outstanding problem. In this paper, the method of coherent scattering of electromagnetic waves for the detection of density fluctuations is revisited. Results indicate that the proper choice of frequency, size and launching of the probing wave can transform this method into an excellent technique for high-resolution measurements of those fluctuations that plasma theory indicates as the potential cause of anomalous transport in tokamaks. The best spatial resolution can be achieved when the range of scattering angles corresponding to the spectrum of fluctuations under investigation is small. This favors the use of high frequency probing waves, such as those of far infrared lasers. The application to existing large tokamaks is discussed. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Mazzucato, E (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 11 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD MAR PY 2003 VL 10 IS 3 BP 753 EP 759 DI 10.1063/1.1541018 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 646ZA UT WOS:000181065700026 ER PT J AU Amendt, P Colvin, JD Ramshaw, JD Robey, HF Landen, OL AF Amendt, P Colvin, JD Ramshaw, JD Robey, HF Landen, OL TI Modified Bell-Plesset effect with compressibility: Application to double-shell ignition target designs SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID RICHTMYER-MESHKOV INSTABILITY; RAYLEIGH-TAYLOR INSTABILITY; MODEL; IMPLOSIONS; INTERFACE; VISCOSITY; PLASMAS AB The effect of spherical convergence on the fluid stability of collapsing and expanding bubbles was originally treated by Bell [Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory Report No. LA-1321 (1951)] and Plesset [J. Appl. Phys. 25, 96 (1954)]. The additional effect of fluid compressibility was also considered by Bell but was limited to the case of nonzero density on only one side of a fluid interface. A more general extension is developed which considers distinct time-dependent uniform densities on both sides of an interface in a spherically converging geometry. A modified form of the velocity potential is used that avoids an unphysical divergence at the origin [Goncharov , Phys. Plasmas 7, 5118 (2000); Lin , Phys. Fluids 14, 2925 (2002)]. Two consequences of this approach are that an instability proposed by Plesset for an expanding bubble in the limit of large interior density is now absent and application to inertial confinement fusion studies of stability becomes feasible. The model is applied to a proposed ignition double-shell target design [Amendt , Phys. Plasmas 9, 2221 (2002)] for the National Ignition Facility [Paisner , Laser Focus World 30, 75 (1994)] for studying the stability of the inner surface of an imploding high-Z inner shell. Application of the Haan [Phys. Rev. A 39, 5812 (1989)] saturation criterion suggests that ignition is possible. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Amendt, P (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 27 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD MAR PY 2003 VL 10 IS 3 BP 820 EP 829 DI 10.1063/1.1543926 PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 646ZA UT WOS:000181065700034 ER PT J AU Smalyuk, VA Dumanis, SB Marshall, FJ Delettrez, JA Meyerhofer, DD Regan, SP Sangster, TC Yaakobi, B Koch, JA AF Smalyuk, VA Dumanis, SB Marshall, FJ Delettrez, JA Meyerhofer, DD Regan, SP Sangster, TC Yaakobi, B Koch, JA TI Radial structure of shell modulations near peak compression of spherical implosions SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID RAYLEIGH-TAYLOR GROWTH; OMEGA-LASER SYSTEM; X-RAY MICROSCOPE; DISPERSION CURVE; PLANAR TARGETS; DRIVE; INSTABILITY; PERFORMANCE AB The structure of shell modulations is measured at peak compression of directly driven spherical implosions using absorption of titanium-doped layers placed at various distances of 1, 5, 7, and 9 mum from the inner surface of 20 mum thick plastic CH shells filled with 18 atm of (DHe)-He-3 gas. The modulations are measured using the ratios of monochromatic core images taken inside and outside of the titanium 1s-2p absorption spectral region. Peak-compression, time-integrated areal-density modulations are higher at the inner shell surface, which is unstable during the deceleration phase of an implosion with a modulation level of 59+/-14%. The perturbations are lower in the central part of the shell, having a modulation level of 18+/-5%. The outer surface of the shell, which is unstable during the acceleration phase of an implosion, has a modulation level of 52+/-20%. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Harley Sch, Rochester, NY 14618 USA. Univ Rochester, Dept Mech Engn, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. RP Smalyuk, VA (reprint author), Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, 250 E River Rd, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. NR 34 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD MAR PY 2003 VL 10 IS 3 BP 830 EP 834 DI 10.1063/1.1543172 PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 646ZA UT WOS:000181065700035 ER PT J AU Sgro, AG Kwan, TJT AF Sgro, AG Kwan, TJT TI Long time scale electron beam penetration of blowoff plasma in multipulse x-ray radiography SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID ION-FOCUSED REGIME; HOSE INSTABILITY AB In the context of multipulse x-ray radiography, the interaction of a relativistic electron beam pulse with the low density halo surrounding the blowoff plasma from a target due to previous pulses is calculated in two dimensions on time scales comparable to the pulse duration. In the halo, the density of the beam and plasma system is low enough that the interaction is collisionless. At the outer edge of the halo, the density is lower than the beam density. The electric field due to the impinging beam rapidly pushes the background electrons radially outward and the beam is not disrupted by the two stream instability because of the absence of the background electrons. As the beam propagates closer to the target where the background density is much higher than the beam density, some electrons are also pushed radially outward, but most remain. The beam propagates through about the first 5 cm of the background before a part of it is disrupted at early times by the two stream instability. At later times, the instability is extinguished when a channel deficient in background electrons forms through which the beam then propagates without further significant disruption. The beam spot size is restored and the remains comparable to the initial size. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Sgro, AG (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS B259, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD MAR PY 2003 VL 10 IS 3 BP 849 EP 854 DI 10.1063/1.1544663 PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 646ZA UT WOS:000181065700038 ER PT J AU de Hoon, MJL Lee, EP Barnard, JJ Friedman, A AF de Hoon, MJL Lee, EP Barnard, JJ Friedman, A TI Cold phase fluid model of the longitudinal dynamics of space-charge-dominated beams SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article AB The dynamics of a longitudinally cold, charged-particle beam can be simulated by dividing the beam into slices and calculating the motion of the slice boundaries due to the longitudinal electric field generated by the beam. On each time step, the beam charge is deposited onto an (r, z) grid, and an existing (r, z) electrostatic field solver is used to find the longitudinal electric field. Transversely, the beam envelope equation is used for each slice boundary separately. In contrast to the g-factor model, it can be shown analytically that the repulsive electric field of a slice compressed to zero length is bounded. Consequently, this model allows slices to overtake their neighbors, effectively incorporating mixing. The model then effectively describes a cold fluid in longitudinal z, v(z) phase space. Longitudinal beam compression calculations based on this cold phase fluid model showed that slice overtaking reflects local mixing, while the global phase space structure is preserved. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP de Hoon, MJL (reprint author), Univ Tokyo, Inst Med Sci, Ctr Human Genome, Tokyo, Japan. RI de Hoon, Michiel/A-6443-2013; de Hoon, Michiel/N-8006-2015 NR 19 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD MAR PY 2003 VL 10 IS 3 BP 855 EP 861 DI 10.1063/1.1541015 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 646ZA UT WOS:000181065700039 ER PT J AU Krstic, PS Schultz, DR Chung, T AF Krstic, PS Schultz, DR Chung, T TI Elastic and transport cross sections for argon in hydrogen plasmas SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID STATIC DIPOLE POLARIZABILITIES; SLOW COLLISIONS; CHARGE-TRANSFER; ATOMS; SCATTERING; IONS; H+; HE AB Accurate elastic differential scattering cross sections have been computed through a fully quantum mechanical approach for hydrogen ions (H+, D+, or T+) colliding with argon in the center of mass energy range of 0.1 to 200 eV. With the appropriate weight functions, these differential cross sections have been integrated to yield the momentum transfer, viscosity, and integral elastic cross sections. The momentum transfer and viscosity cross sections have been extended to higher collision energies (up to 10 keV) using a classical, three-body scattering method. Results have been compared with those of a simple model and previous recommended values. Knowledge of these cross sections, tabulated and made available through the world wide web, is of use to modeling and diagnostics of gaseous electronic, fusion, and other plasma environments. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Krstic, PS (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 22 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD MAR PY 2003 VL 10 IS 3 BP 869 EP 874 DI 10.1063/1.1541016 PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 646ZA UT WOS:000181065700041 ER PT J AU Canfield, PC Crabtree, G AF Canfield, PC Crabtree, G TI Magnesium diboride: Better late than never SO PHYSICS TODAY LA English DT Article ID MGB2 THIN-FILMS; 2-BAND SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; ART.; ANISOTROPY; TEMPERATURE; FIELD; BORON C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Canfield, PC (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RI Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014 NR 28 TC 90 Z9 90 U1 4 U2 16 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0031-9228 J9 PHYS TODAY JI Phys. Today PD MAR PY 2003 VL 56 IS 3 BP 34 EP 40 DI 10.1063/1.1570770 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 652EB UT WOS:000181365900015 ER PT J AU Phaneuf, RJ Schmid, AK AF Phaneuf, RJ Schmid, AK TI Low-energy electron microscopy: Imaging surface dynamics SO PHYSICS TODAY LA English DT Article ID SI(001); TRANSITION; SI(111) C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Mat & Nucl Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Maryland, Lab Phys Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Natl Ctr Electron Microscopy, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Phaneuf, RJ (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Mat & Nucl Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. NR 22 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0031-9228 J9 PHYS TODAY JI Phys. Today PD MAR PY 2003 VL 56 IS 3 BP 50 EP 55 DI 10.1063/1.1570772 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 652EB UT WOS:000181365900017 ER PT J AU Panofsky, W AF Panofsky, W TI Karl Leslie Brown - Obituary SO PHYSICS TODAY LA English DT Biographical-Item C1 SLAC, Menlo Pk, CA USA. RP Panofsky, W (reprint author), SLAC, Menlo Pk, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0031-9228 J9 PHYS TODAY JI Phys. Today PD MAR PY 2003 VL 56 IS 3 BP 99 EP 100 DI 10.1063/1.1570791 PG 2 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 652EB UT WOS:000181365900022 ER PT J AU Crease, RP AF Crease, RP TI The Rosalind Franklin question SO PHYSICS WORLD LA English DT Editorial Material C1 SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Philosophy, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Crease, RP (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Philosophy, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8585 J9 PHYS WORLD JI Phys. World PD MAR PY 2003 VL 16 IS 3 BP 17 EP 17 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 665LQ UT WOS:000182122600019 ER PT J AU Genetay, I Maurice, S Feldman, WC Gasnault, O Lawrence, DJ Elphic, RC d'Uston, C Binder, AB AF Genetay, I Maurice, S Feldman, WC Gasnault, O Lawrence, DJ Elphic, RC d'Uston, C Binder, AB TI Elemental content from 0 to 500 keV neutrons: Lunar Prospector results SO PLANETARY AND SPACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE planetary surfaces; Moon; elemental composition; neutron physics ID GAMMA-RAY; MOON; ABUNDANCES; SPECTRA AB Neutron spectroscopy is a new way to study planetary bodies that have sufficiently thin atmospheres. This technique was demonstrated for the first time with Lunar Prospector around the Moon. Here, we report results for moderated neutrons having energies from 0 to 500 keV that were measured using the anti-coincidence shield (ACS) of the gamma-ray spectrometer. We describe the detection method, followed by data reduction with an emphasis on each data processing step; most steps rely on in-flight calibrations. The behavior of the ACS is well known regarding the measurement of moderated neutrons. We present a map of 0-500 keV neutrons over the whole Moon with a spatial resolution of similar to 60 km. Statistical errors per pixel are less than 2%. The resulting map includes information about the hydrogen content, concentrations of Fe, Ti, traces of Sm and Gd, and the atomic mass of the regolith. These data complement other neutron products of Lunar Prospector, namely thermal (0-0.4 eV), epithermal (0.4-100 eV) and fast (0.5-8 McV) neutrons. The previous unexplored region between 100 eV and 500 keV reveals several high counting rate regions that are also visible in epithermal neutron data. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Observ Midi Pyrenees, Astrophys Lab, F-31400 Toulouse, France. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. Lunar Res Inst, Tucson, AZ USA. RP Maurice, S (reprint author), Observ Midi Pyrenees, Astrophys Lab, 14 Ave Edouard Belin, F-31400 Toulouse, France. RI Gasnault, Olivier/F-4327-2010; Lawrence, David/E-7463-2015 OI Gasnault, Olivier/0000-0002-6979-9012; Lawrence, David/0000-0002-7696-6667 NR 21 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0032-0633 J9 PLANET SPACE SCI JI Planet Space Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 51 IS 3 BP 271 EP 280 AR PII S0032-0633(02)00152-6 DI 10.1016/S0032-0633(02)00152-6 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 666XR UT WOS:000182202200011 ER PT J AU Bolan, NS Adriano, DC Duraisamy, P Mani, A Arulmozhiselvan, K AF Bolan, NS Adriano, DC Duraisamy, P Mani, A Arulmozhiselvan, K TI Immobilization and phytoavailability of cadmium in variable charge soils. I. Effect of phosphate addition SO PLANT AND SOIL LA English DT Article DE cadmium; heavy metal; immobilization; phytoavailability; precipitation; surface charge ID SEWAGE-SLUDGE; CONTAMINATED SOILS; SITU STABILIZATION; AGRICULTURAL LAND; ZINC ADSORPTION; IONIC-STRENGTH; NEW-ZEALAND; SORPTION; METAL; LEAD AB The effect of phosphate on the surface charge and cadmium (Cd) adsorption was examined in seven soils that varied in their variable-charge components. The effect of phosphate on immobilization and phytoavailability of Cd from one of the soils, treated with various levels of Cd (0-10 mg Cd kg(-1) soil), was further evaluated using mustard (Brassica juncea L.) plants. Cadmium immobilization in soil was evaluated by a chemical fractionation scheme. Addition of phosphate, as KH2PO4, increased the pH, negative charge and Cd adsorption by the soils. Of the seven soils examined, the three allophanic soils (i.e., Egmont, Patua and Ramiha) exhibited greater increases in phosphate-induced pH, negative charge and Cd2+ adsorption over the other four non-allophanic soils (i.e., Ballantrae, Foxton, Manawatu ad Tokomaru). Increasing addition of Cd enhanced Cd concentration in plants, resulting in decreased plant growth (i.e., phytotoxicity). Addition of phosphate effectively reduced the phytotoxicity of Cd. There was a significant inverse relationship between dry matter yield and Cd concentration in soil solution. Addition of phosphate decreased the concentration of the soluble + exchangeable Cd fraction but increased the concentration of inorganic-bound Cd fraction in soil. The phosphate-induced alleviation of Cd phytotoxicity can be attributed primarily to Cd immobilization due to increases in pH and surface charge. C1 Massey Univ, Nat Resources Inst, Palmerston North, New Zealand. Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. Tamil Nadu Agr Univ, Coimbatore 641003, Tamil Nadu, India. RP Bolan, NS (reprint author), Massey Univ, Nat Resources Inst, Palmerston North, New Zealand. EM N.S.Bolan@massey.ac.nz RI Bolan, Nanthi/E-8535-2011 OI Bolan, Nanthi/0000-0003-2056-1692 NR 48 TC 77 Z9 102 U1 4 U2 49 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0032-079X J9 PLANT SOIL JI Plant Soil PD MAR PY 2003 VL 250 IS 1 BP 83 EP 94 DI 10.1023/A:1022826014841 PG 12 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 658XJ UT WOS:000181746100008 ER PT J AU Pickering, IJ Wright, C Bubner, B Ellis, D Persans, MW Yu, EY George, GN Prince, RC Salt, DE AF Pickering, IJ Wright, C Bubner, B Ellis, D Persans, MW Yu, EY George, GN Prince, RC Salt, DE TI Chemical form and distribution of selenium and sulfur in the selenium hyperaccumulator Astragalus bisulcatus SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RAY-ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY; NON-ACCUMULATOR PLANTS; CANCER PREVENTION; ATP SULFURYLASE; SELENATE UPTAKE; INDIAN MUSTARD; LEAF TISSUE; AMINO-ACIDS; TOLERANCE; METABOLISM AB In its natural habitat, Astragalus bisulcatus can accumulate up to 0.65% (w/w) selenium (Se) in its shoot dry weight. X-ray absorption spectroscopy has been used to examine the selenium biochemistry of A. bisulcatus. High concentrations of the nonprotein amino acid Se-methylseleno-cysteine (Cys) are present in young leaves of A. bisulcatus, but in more mature leaves, the Se-methylseleno-Cys concentration is lower, and selenate predominates. Seleno-Cys methyltransferase is the enzyme responsible for the biosynthesis of Se-methylseleno-Cys from seleno-Cys and S-methyl-methionine. Seleno-Cys methyltransferase is found to be expressed in A. bisulcatus leaves of all ages, and thus the biosynthesis of Se-methylseleno-Cys in older leaves is limited earlier in the metabolic pathway, probably by an inability to chemically reduce selenate. A comparative study of sulfur (S) and Se in A. bisulcatus using x-ray absorption spectroscopy indicates similar trends for oxidized and reduced Se and S species, but also indicates that the proportions of these differ significantly. These results also indicate that sulfate and selenate reduction are developmentally correlated, and they suggest important differences between S and Se biochemistries. C1 Purdue Univ, Dept Hort & Landscape Architecture, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. No Arizona Univ, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. Univ Texas Pan Amer, Dept Biol, Edinburg, TX 78539 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. ExxonMobil Res & Engn Co, Annandale, NJ 08801 USA. RP Salt, DE (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Hort & Landscape Architecture, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RI Salt, David/B-3864-2009; George, Graham/E-3290-2013; Pickering, Ingrid/A-4547-2013; OI Pickering, Ingrid/0000-0002-0936-2994 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM57375, R01 GM057375] NR 47 TC 88 Z9 94 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 0032-0889 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL JI Plant Physiol. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 131 IS 3 BP 1460 EP 1467 DI 10.1104/pp.014787 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 717FM UT WOS:000185076100061 PM 12644695 ER PT J AU Kirschner, A Brooks, JN Philipps V Coad, JP AF Kirschner, A Brooks, JN Philipps, V Coad, JP CA EFDA-JET Workprogramme TI Hydrocarbon transport in the MkIIa divertor of JET SO PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION LA English DT Article ID PLASMA-WALL INTERACTION; ONION-SKIN MODEL; CHEMICAL EROSION; BEHAVIOR; GEOMETRY; ISSUES AB This contribution presents two-dimensional Monte-Carlo simulations of the local transport of hydrocarbons that are chemically eroded in the JET MkIIa divertor. The effect of a given background carbon flux flowing from the main plasma down to the divertor is also taken into account. The influence of local plasma temperatures and densities and the influence of different assumptions for the sticking of re-deposited particles hitting the tiles is analysed. Even under the assumption that the sticking of re-deposited hydrocarbon fragments is zero, a large amount (about 75%) of the eroded particles is re-deposited in the form of ionized carbon on the tiles. A reasonable agreement between the simulation and the experimental observation of the carbon deposition at the inner louvers in the MkIIa JET divertor is achieved, if high chemical erosion yields of about 20% together with a negligible effective sticking of hydrocarbons are assumed. Although there are experimental observations indicating such high erosion yields, such yields cannot be applied as a stationary value for the effective erosion since it would turn the inner divertor into a net erosion area in contrast to the experimental findings. The possibility of applying different erosion rates for (re)-deposited layers and the substrate material is discussed. To further improve the modelling a better knowledge about the formation and erosion of re-deposited layers is required. A first conclusion concerning the erosion and re-deposition behaviour in ITER will be drawn. C1 Forschungszentrum Julich, EURATOM Assoc, Inst Plasmaphys,Trilateral Euregio Cluster, D-52425 Julich, Germany. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. UKAEA Euratom Fus Assoc, Culham Sci Ctr, Abingdon OX14 3DB, Oxon, England. RP Kirschner, A (reprint author), Forschungszentrum Julich, EURATOM Assoc, Inst Plasmaphys,Trilateral Euregio Cluster, D-52425 Julich, Germany. OI Kirschner, Andreas/0000-0002-3213-3225 NR 22 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0741-3335 J9 PLASMA PHYS CONTR F JI Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion PD MAR PY 2003 VL 45 IS 3 BP 309 EP 319 AR PII S0741-3335(03)37188-X DI 10.1088/0741-3335/45/3/311 PG 11 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 664YV UT WOS:000182093600012 ER PT J AU Strachan, DM Schaef, HT Schweiger, MJ Simmons, KL Woodcock, LJ Krouse, MK AF Strachan, DM Schaef, HT Schweiger, MJ Simmons, KL Woodcock, LJ Krouse, MK TI A versatile and inexpensive XRD specimen holder for highly radioactive or hazardous specimens SO POWDER DIFFRACTION LA English DT Article AB Two XRD specimen holders we designed for use with highly radioactive specimens are described. An injection mold was fabricated to allow inexpensive production of one of the holders. These holders are suitable for single-time use. The ease of use and disposable nature of this holder resulted in a dramatic reduction in personnel exposure and an uncontaminated diffraction unit. A second holder, based on the design of the first, is used to obtain XRD patterns from powders where preferred orientation is an issue and from clays. Both holders result in negligible background, since the specimen is essentially levitated in the X-ray beam. This is a benefit over other methods, such as collodion, that introduce significant background to the XRD pattern. (C) 2003 International Centre for Diffraction Data. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Strachan, DM (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 6 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 4 PU J C P D S-INT CENTRE DIFFRACTION DATA PI NEWTOWN SQ PA 12 CAMPUS BLVD, NEWTOWN SQ, PA 19073-3273 USA SN 0885-7156 J9 POWDER DIFFR JI Powder Diffr. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 18 IS 1 BP 23 EP 28 DI 10.1154/1.1523078 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA 654VR UT WOS:000181517200004 ER PT J AU Wunderlich, B AF Wunderlich, B TI Reversible crystallization and the rigid-amorphous phase in semicrystalline macromolecules SO PROGRESS IN POLYMER SCIENCE LA English DT Review DE polymers; oligomers; reversible and irreversible melting; rigid amorphous fraction; temperature-modulated calorimetry; nanophase; heat capacity; latent heat; crystallinity ID DIFFERENTIAL SCANNING CALORIMETRY; TEMPERATURE-MODULATED DSC; GLASS-TRANSITION REGION; X-RAY-SCATTERING; MOLECULAR-MASS POLYETHYLENE; LINEAR ALIPHATIC POLYOXIDES; IRREVERSIBLE HEAT-CAPACITY; EXTENDED-CHAIN CRYSTALS; SOLID-STATE NMR; THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AB Linear, flexible macromolecules in the semicrystalline state have long been recognized as being globally metastable and divided into microphases and nanophases with strong, covalent bonds crossing the phase boundaries. The different phases can be crystals, mesophases, liquids, and glasses. The glasses may have structures which correspond to liquids or mesophases and can exist even above the glass transition temperature of the mobile macrophase as rigid-amorphous fractions. This multilevel structure causes rather unique properties which vary with the thermal and mechanical history of the materials. Temperature-modulated calorimetry and related techniques which can separate equilibrium and nonequilibrium responses are ideal for the analysis of such structures. The techniques of thermal analysis needed to separate reversible from irreversible processes is described, and the transitions of the rigid-amorphous phase and the major reversible processes involving latent heats is discussed on hand of the literature. As baselines for this discussion, the vibrational heat capacity of crystals and glasses of the ATHAS Data Bank will be used. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Wunderlich, B (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. NR 244 TC 332 Z9 336 U1 21 U2 134 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0079-6700 J9 PROG POLYM SCI JI Prog. Polym. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 28 IS 3 BP 383 EP 450 AR PII S0079-6700(02)00085-0 DI 10.1016/S0079-6700(02)00085-0 PG 68 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 637YW UT WOS:000180542200003 ER PT J AU Schulze-Gahmen, U Pelaschier, J Yokota, H Kim, R Kim, SH AF Schulze-Gahmen, U Pelaschier, J Yokota, H Kim, R Kim, SH TI Crystal structure of a hypothetical protein, TM841 of Thermotoga maritima, reveals its function as a fatty acid-binding protein SO PROTEINS-STRUCTURE FUNCTION AND GENETICS LA English DT Article DE X-ray crystallography; structural genomics; lipid-binding protein; DegV protein family ID LIPID-TRANSFER PROTEIN; DATABASE; RESOLUTION; CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; STATE AB We determined the three-dimensional (3D) crystal structure of protein TM841, a protein product from a hypothetical open-reading frame in the genome of the hyperthermophile bacterium Thermotoga maritima, to 2.0 Angstrom resolution. The protein belongs to a large protein family, DegV or COG1307 of unknown function. The 35 kDa protein consists of two separate domains, with low-level structural resemblance to domains from other proteins with known 3D structures. These structural homologies, however, provided no clues for the function of TM841. But the electron density maps revealed clear density for a bound fatty-acid molecule in a pocket between the two protein domains. The structure indicates that TM841 has the molecular function of fatty-acid binding and may play a role in the cellular functions of fatty acid transport or metabolism. (C) 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Kim, SH (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM 62412] NR 20 TC 22 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0887-3585 J9 PROTEINS JI Proteins PD MAR 1 PY 2003 VL 50 IS 4 BP 526 EP 530 DI 10.1002/prot.10305 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 652JD UT WOS:000181375300002 PM 12577257 ER PT J AU Volkow, ND Wang, GJ Fowler, JS Molina, PE Logan, J Gatley, SJ Gifford, A Ding, YS Wong, C Pappas, NR Wei, Z Swanson, JM AF Volkow, ND Wang, GJ Fowler, JS Molina, PE Logan, J Gatley, SJ Gifford, A Ding, YS Wong, C Pappas, NR Wei, Z Swanson, JM TI Cardiovascular effects of methylphenidate in humans are associated with increases of dopamine in brain and of epinephrine in plasma SO PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE PET; striatum; blood pressure; raclopride; ADHD; catecholamines ID POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; BLOOD-PRESSURE; C-11 RACLOPRIDE; CONSCIOUS RATS; COCAINE; AMPHETAMINE; BINDING; VASOPRESSIN; STIMULATION; CHILDREN AB Rationale: The cardiovascular effects of psychostimulant drugs (methylphenidate, amphetamine, cocaine) have been mostly associated with their noradrenergic effects. However, there is some evidence that dopaminergic effects are involved in the cardiovascular actions of these drugs. Here, we evaluated this association in humans. Methods: Positron emission tomography (PET) and [C-11]raclopride, a dopamine (DA) D2 receptor radioligand that competes with endogenous DA for occupancy of the D2 receptors, were used to measure changes in brain DA after different doses of intravenous methylpbenidate in 14 healthy subjects. Cardiovascular (heart rate and blood pressure) and catecholamine (plasma epinephrine and norepineprhine) responses were determined in parallel to assess their relationships to methylphenidate-induced changes in brain DA. Results: Methylphenidate administration significantly increased heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressures and epinephrine concentration in plasma. The increases in blood pressure were significantly correlated with methylphenidate-induced increases of DA in striatum (r>0.78, P<0.001) and of plasma epinephrine levels (r>0.82, P<0.0005). In turn methylphenidate-induced DA increases in striatum were correlated with increases of epinephrine in plasma (r=0.85, P<0.0001). Subjects in whom methylphenidate did not increase DA had no change in blood pressure or in plasma epinephrine concentration. Discussion: These results are consistent with the hypothesis that methylphenidate-induced increases in blood pressure are in part due to its central dopaminergic effects. They also suggest that methylphenidate's pressor effects may be in part mediated by DA-induced increases in peripheral epinephrine. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Psychiat, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Math Appl, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Louisiana State Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Physiol, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Child Dev Ctr, Irvine, CA 92612 USA. RP Volkow, ND (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA. OI Logan, Jean/0000-0002-6993-9994 FU NIDA NIH HHS [DA06278, DA09490] NR 42 TC 45 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0033-3158 J9 PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY JI Psychopharmacology PD MAR PY 2003 VL 166 IS 3 BP 264 EP 270 DI 10.1007/s00213-002-1340-7 PG 7 WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry GA 666XP UT WOS:000182202000010 PM 12589522 ER PT J AU Fehler, M Sato, H AF Fehler, M Sato, H TI Coda SO PURE AND APPLIED GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Scientific Meeting on Seismic Motion, Litospheric Structures, Earthquake and Volcanic Sources CY MAR 16-18, 2000 CL UNIV SO CALIF, LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA HO UNIV SO CALIF DE scattering; coda; seismology; heterogeneity; attenuation; Q ID SITE AMPLIFICATION; S-WAVE; INTRINSIC ATTENUATION; MULTIPLE-SCATTERING; SEISMIC-WAVES; CENTRAL CALIFORNIA; ENERGY; SEPARATION; CRUST; HETEROGENEITY AB Observations and analysis of seismic scattering in the heterogeneous earth have grown from the initial observations of Aki in the 1960s into a well-developed subfield of seismology. The area presents many challenging and interesting problems for seismologists today and there are many areas of fruitful research. We focus on a small subset of areas of research within the general area of, "coda study," that can be most directly tied to Kei's early work in this field: scattering coefficient, coda Q, coda normalization method, and the radiative transfer approach. These are the most useful tools in the interpretation of high-frequency seismograms. In each of these areas, Kei provided initial inspiration through insightful observation and well-thought out models for his observations. The results of ongoing work in these areas have provided insight into the complexity of wave propagation in the earth and have yielded new insights into the character of the earth's lithosphere. They have also provided reliable means to obtain practical information like relative site amplification factors and relative source radiation as a function of frequency. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos Seism Res Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Tohoku Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Geophys, Aoba Ku, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan. RP Fehler, M (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos Seism Res Ctr, MS D443, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 43 TC 27 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 3 PU BIRKHAUSER VERLAG AG PI BASEL PA VIADUKSTRASSE 40-44, PO BOX 133, CH-4010 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0033-4553 J9 PURE APPL GEOPHYS JI Pure Appl. Geophys. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 160 IS 3-4 BP 541 EP 554 DI 10.1007/PL00012549 PG 14 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 640YP UT WOS:000180716900006 ER PT J AU Briner, JP Miller, GH Davis, PT Bierman, PR Caffee, M AF Briner, JP Miller, GH Davis, PT Bierman, PR Caffee, M TI Last Glacial Maximum ice sheet dynamics in Arctic Canada inferred from young erratics perched on ancient tors SO QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS LA English DT Article ID FENNOSCANDIAN GLACIATION; COSMOGENIC NUCLIDES; RELICT LANDSCAPE; BAFFIN-ISLAND; LAURENTIDE; EROSION; PRESERVATION; SURFACES; SEDIMENT; NORWAY AB A long-standing debate regarding the reconstruction of former ice sheets revolves around the use of relative weathering of landscapes, i.e., the assumption that highly weathered landscapes have not been recently glaciated. New cosmogenic isotope measurements from upland bedrock surfaces and erratics along the northeastern margin of the Laurentide Ice Sheet (LIS) shed light on this debate. Be-10 and Al-26 concentrations from three perched erratics, yielding cosmogenic exposure ages of 17-11 ka, are much lower than those measured in two unmodified, highly weathered tors upon which they lie, which yield cosmogenic exposure ages of > 60 ka. These findings suggest that non-erosive ice covered weathered upland surfaces along the northeastern margin of the LIS during the last glacial maximum. These data challenge the use of relative weathering to define the margins of Pleistocene ice sheets. The juxtaposition of non-erosive ice over upland plateaus and erosive ice in adjacent fiords requires strong gradients in basal thermal regimes, suggestive of an ice-stream mode of glaciation. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Colorado, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Univ Colorado, Dept Geol Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Bentley Coll, Dept Nat Sci, Waltham, MA 02454 USA. Univ Vermont, Dept Geol, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. Univ Vermont, Sch Nat Resources, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Briner, JP (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. EM jason.briner@colorado.edu RI Caffee, Marc/K-7025-2015 OI Caffee, Marc/0000-0002-6846-8967 NR 46 TC 89 Z9 92 U1 0 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0277-3791 J9 QUATERNARY SCI REV JI Quat. Sci. Rev. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 22 IS 5-7 BP 437 EP 444 DI 10.1016/S0277-3791(03)00003-9 PG 8 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA 659TM UT WOS:000181793600002 ER PT J AU Miller, J Zeitlin, C Cucinotta, FA Heilbronn, L Stephens, D Wilson, JW AF Miller, J Zeitlin, C Cucinotta, FA Heilbronn, L Stephens, D Wilson, JW TI Benchmark studies of the effectiveness of structural and internal materials as radiation shielding for the International Space Station SO RADIATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID ENERGY-TRANSFER SPECTRA; CROSS-SECTIONS; 510-MEV/NUCLEON FE-56; DEPTH DEPENDENCE; FRAGMENTATION; POLYETHYLENE; ENVIRONMENT; TARGETS; MODELS AB Accelerator-based measurements and model calculations have been used to study the heavy-ion radiation transport properties of materials in use on the International Space Station (ISS). Samples of the ISS aluminum outer hull were augmented with various configurations of internal wall material and polyethylene. The materials were bombarded with high-energy iron ions characteristic of a significant part of the galactic cosmic-ray (GCR) heavy-ion spectrum. Transmitted primary ions and charged fragments produced in nuclear collisions in the materials were measured near the beam axis, and a model was used to extrapolate from the data to lower beam energies and to a lighter ion. For the materials and ions studied, at incident particle energies from 1037 MeV/nucleon down to at least 600 MeV/nucleon, nuclear fragmentation reduces the average dose and dose equivalent per incident ion. At energies below 400 MeV/nucleon, the calculation predicts that as material is added, increased ionization energy loss produces increases in some dosimetric quantities. These limited results suggest that the addition of modest amounts of polyethylene or similar material to the interior of the ISS will reduce the dose to ISS crews from space radiation; however, the radiation transport properties of ISS materials should be evaluated with a realistic space radiation field. (C) 2003 by Radiation Research Society. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NASA, Lyndon B Johnson Space Ctr, Houston, TX 77058 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Nucl Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. RP Miller, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, MS 74-197, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Heilbronn, Lawrence/J-6998-2013 OI Heilbronn, Lawrence/0000-0002-8226-1057 NR 18 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 2 U2 7 PU RADIATION RESEARCH SOC PI OAK BROOK PA 820 JORIE BOULEVARD, OAK BROOK, IL 60523 USA SN 0033-7587 J9 RADIAT RES JI Radiat. Res. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 159 IS 3 BP 381 EP 390 DI 10.1667/0033-7587(2003)159[0381:BSOTEO]2.0.CO;2 PG 10 WC Biology; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 654UE UT WOS:000181513800011 PM 12600241 ER PT J AU Hora, SC Helton, JC AF Hora, SC Helton, JC TI A distribution-free test for the relationship between model input and output when using Latin hypercube sampling SO RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY LA English DT Article DE rank statistics; Latin hypercube sampling; exchangeability; sensitivity analysis; Spearman's rank correlation ID ISOLATION PILOT-PLANT; SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES; MONTE-CARLO TECHNIQUES; PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT; UNCERTAINTY ANALYSIS; PARAMETER SENSITIVITY; WASTE; EXAMPLE; HIV AB A test for the detection of non-monotone relationships between the inputs and outputs of computer simulation models is described for use in sensitivity analyses employing Latin hypercube sampling. The test is based on the squared differences of the consecutive ranks of the output variable when the values of the output variable have been ordered by the corresponding values of an input variable. The test is distribution-free and does not require the values of the output variable to be independent of one another. Instead, the weaker assumption of exchangeability is used. The resulting test statistic is shown to be independent of Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, and a simple method for combining the two statistics is discussed. The test is illustrated with an example from a recent performance assessment for the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Dept 6849, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Arizona State Univ, Dept Math, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. Univ Hawaii, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. RP Helton, JC (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Dept 6849, MS 0779, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RI Barley, Kamal/F-9579-2011 OI Barley, Kamal/0000-0003-1874-9813 NR 33 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0951-8320 J9 RELIAB ENG SYST SAFE JI Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 79 IS 3 BP 333 EP 339 AR PII S0951-8320(02)00240-5 DI 10.1016/S0951-8320(02)00240-5 PG 7 WC Engineering, Industrial; Operations Research & Management Science SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA 642ML UT WOS:000180808100007 ER PT J AU Lu, ZT Wendt, KDA AF Lu, ZT Wendt, KDA TI Laser-based methods for ultrasensitive trace-isotope analyses SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Review ID RESONANCE IONIZATION SPECTROSCOPY; ACCELERATOR MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ENVIRONMENTAL-SAMPLES; CA-41; KR-81; ATOMS; SR-90 AB An overview of experimental approaches to sensitive and selective trace analysis of long-lived radioactive isotopes is given, emphasizing methods based upon laser spectroscopy techniques. Two such laser-based methods, resonance ionization mass spectrometry and atom trap trace analysis, have recently demonstrated high sensitivities and selectivities which are comparable to those of more mature methods such as accelerator mass spectrometry and low level counting. The analysis of long-lived radioactive isotopes has been used for a variety of applications in a broad range of scientific and technological fields and is steadily gaining importance. The development of these new laser-based methods can enhance our analysis capability and further expand the area of applications. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany. RP Lu, ZT (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 54 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 16 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 BP 1169 EP 1179 DI 10.1063/1.1535232 PN 1 PG 11 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655AZ UT WOS:000181530300001 ER PT J AU Wootton, AJ Ryutov, DD AF Wootton, AJ Ryutov, DD TI Compton scattering and photoluminescence for x-ray imaging SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID COULOMB EXPLOSION; CLUSTERS AB Experiments with high-intensity, submillimeter diameter, pulsed x-ray beams that will be generated by the planned Linac Coherent Light Source will require nonperturbing imaging of such beams. Two approaches to solving this problem are proposed: Compton scattering off a thin solid foil and photoluminescence induced in a thin gas jet. The first would be efficient for x-ray energies above a few keV, whereas the second can be used to detect lower-energy beams, below similar to1 keV. Spatial resolution of the time-integrated images would be similar to10 mum for the first technique and similar to60 mum for the second technique. The minimum number of x-ray quanta needed for reaching this spatial resolution is similar to10.(11) The imaging does not introduce significant perturbations to the beam. A set of design equations and constraints is provided. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Wootton, AJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 BP 1180 EP 1186 DI 10.1063/1.1536261 PN 1 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655AZ UT WOS:000181530300002 ER PT J AU Noy, A Huser, TR AF Noy, A Huser, TR TI Combined force and photonic probe microscope with single, molecule sensitivity SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID OPTICAL MICROSCOPY; SCANNING FORCE; SPECTROSCOPY; FRICTION AB Direct integration of atomic force microscopy (AFM) imaging with single molecule optical detection promises to combine the resolving power of AFM with the chemical identification capabilities of optical techniques. We,present a straightforward experimental approach to achieving such integration. Our design allows simultaneous acquisition of topographical images and optical images with single molecule sensitivity at any region of. the optical spectrum. We describe an instrument that combines atomic force microscopy and scanning confocal optical microscopy in a single multifunctional setup that maximizes the use of commercially available parts. To build this instrument we replaced the built-in piezoscanner of a commercial optical microscope-AFM platform with an external scanner that translates the sample. We also added a simple circuit to the setup that modulates the AFM-head laser and synchronizes collection of the AFM and optical data in interleave scanning mode. Finally, we demonstrate the technique's identification capabilities using a model system of dye-labeled beads. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biosecur & Nanotechnol Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Noy, A (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biosecur & Nanotechnol Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM noyl@llnl.gov RI Huser, Thomas/H-1195-2012 OI Huser, Thomas/0000-0003-2348-7416 NR 22 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 BP 1217 EP 1221 DI 10.1063/1.1536260 PN 1 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655AZ UT WOS:000181530300009 ER PT J AU Kramer, GJ Nazikian, R Valeo, E AF Kramer, GJ Nazikian, R Valeo, E TI Correlation reflectometry for turbulence and magnetic field measurements in fusion plasmas (invited) SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUL 08-11, 2002 CL MADISON, WISCONSIN SP Univ Wisconsin Madison, Amer Phys Soc, Div Plasma Phys, US DOE, Off Fus Energy Sci & Defense Sci ID X CORRELATION REFLECTOMETRY; FLUCTUATION MEASUREMENTS; MICROWAVE REFLECTOMETRY; TOKAMAK; TFTR AB For the interpretation of correlation reflectometry data a fast two-dimensional full wave code in which realistic plasma geometries are used has been developed. Results of this code are compared with experiments from which turbulence correlation lengths and fluctuation levels are extracted with statistical optics methods. It is shown that in general the measured reflectometer correlation length is not equal to the turbulence correlation length. The code is also, used to study the possibility of O-X correlation reflectometry in FIRE for the determination of the local magnetic field strength. It was found that this is only possible at very low fluctuation levels. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Kramer, GJ (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 22 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 SI SI BP 1421 EP 1425 DI 10.1063/1.1530380 PN 2 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655BB UT WOS:000181530500004 ER PT J AU Munsat, T Mazzucato, E Park, H Deng, BH Domier, CW Luhmann, NC Wang, J Xia, ZG Donne, AJH van de Pol, M AF Munsat, T Mazzucato, E Park, H Deng, BH Domier, CW Luhmann, NC Wang, J Xia, ZG Donne, AJH van de Pol, M TI Microwave imaging reflectometer for TEXTOR (invited) SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUL 08-11, 2002 CL MADISON, WISCONSIN SP Univ Wisconsin Madison, Amer Phys Soc, Div Plasma Phys, US DOE, Off Fus Energy Sci & Defense Sci ID TURBULENT FLUCTUATIONS; TOKAMAKS; PLASMAS AB Understanding the behavior of fluctuations in magnetically confined plasmas is essential to the. advancement of turbulence-based transport physics. Though microwave reflectometry has proven to be an extremely useful and sensitive tool for measuring small density fluctuations in some circumstances, this technique has been shown to have limited viability for large amplitude, high k(theta) fluctuations and/or core measurements. To this end, a new instrument based on two-dimensional imaging reflectometry has been developed to measure density fluctuations over an extended plasma region in the TEXTOR tokamak. This technique is made possible by collecting an extended spectrum of reflected waves with large-aperture imaging optics. Details of the imaging reflectometry concept, as well as technical details of the TEXTOR instrument, are presented. Data from proof-of-principle experiments on TEXTOR using a prototype system is presented, as well as results from a systematic off-line study of the advantages and limitations of the imaging reflectometer. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. FOM, Inst Plasma Phys, Rijnhuizen, Netherlands. RP Munsat, T (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 15 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 SI SI BP 1426 EP 1432 DI 10.1063/1.1530381 PN 2 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655BB UT WOS:000181530500005 ER PT J AU Zweben, SJ Kornack, TW Majeski, D Schilling, G Skinner, CH Wilson, R Kuzma, N AF Zweben, SJ Kornack, TW Majeski, D Schilling, G Skinner, CH Wilson, R Kuzma, N TI Evaluation of possible nuclear magnetic resonance diagnostic techniques for tokamak experiments SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUL 08-11, 2002 CL MADISON, WISCONSIN SP Univ Wisconsin Madison, Amer Phys Soc, Div Plasma Phys, US DOE, Off Fus Energy Sci & Defense Sci ID FUSION PRODUCTS; PLASMAS AB Potential applications of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) diagnostic techniques to tokamak experiments are evaluated. NMR frequencies for hydrogen isotopes and low-Z nuclei in such experiments are in the frequency range approximate to20-200 MHz, so existing rf antennas could be used to rotate the spin polarization and to make the NMR measurements. Our tentative conclusion is that such measurements are possible if highly spin polarized H or 3 He gas sources (which exist) are used to fuel these plasmas. In addition, NMR measurements of the surface layers of the first wall (without plasma) may also be possible, e.g., to evaluate the inventory of tritium inside the vessel. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. RP Zweben, SJ (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RI Kuzma, Nicholas/A-1117-2007 NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 SI SI BP 1460 EP 1464 DI 10.1063/1.1530388 PN 2 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655BB UT WOS:000181530500013 ER PT J AU Kubota, S Peebles, WA Nguyen, XV Roquemore, AL AF Kubota, S Peebles, WA Nguyen, XV Roquemore, AL TI Automatic profile reconstruction for millimeter-wave frequency-modulated continuous-wave reflectometry on NSTX SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUL 08-11, 2002 CL MADISON, WISCONSIN SP Univ Wisconsin Madison, Amer Phys Soc, Div Plasma Phys, US DOE, Off Fus Energy Sci & Defense Sci ID SPHERICAL-TORUS-EXPERIMENT; DENSITY PROFILE; DIII-D; PLASMAS; PHYSICS; DESIGN AB UCLA operates a set of millimeter-wave/microwave reflectometers on the National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX) for routine measurements of electron density profiles and fluctuations. The system has a combined frequency coverage of 12 to 50 GHz (in the bands 12-18, 20-32, and 33-50 GHz) or a corresponding ordinary-mode cutoff range of 1.8 x 10(12) to 3.1 x 10(13) cm(-3) to cover,both the plasma core and edge. Profile measurements via frequency-modulated continuous-wave operation are typically made in O-mode reflectometry, with sweep times down to 50 mus over the full band. Automated profile analysis of the reflectometry data is available with limited between-shot analysis and full batch analysis capabilities. The reconstruction algorithm uses complex demodulation with the short-time Fourier transform for signal processing. The unknown portion of the edge profile below the lowest cutoff density is modeled by fitting a family of polynomial density profiles to the experimental data. Uncertainties due to edge profile modeling and comparisons to Thomson scattering measurements are discussed. The reconstructed profiles have documented fast events such as L-H transitions and edge-localized modes in NSTX. (C) 2003 American Institute Of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Plasma & Fus Res, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Kubota, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Plasma & Fus Res, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. NR 20 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 SI SI BP 1477 EP 1480 DI 10.1063/1.1530391 PN 2 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655BB UT WOS:000181530500017 ER PT J AU McLean, HS Hill, DN Ryutov, DD Chen, H AF McLean, HS Hill, DN Ryutov, DD Chen, H TI Laser-based diagnostic for tracing magnetic-field lines in spheromaks and other self-organized magnetically confined plasmas SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUL 08-11, 2002 CL MADISON, WISCONSIN SP Univ Wisconsin Madison, Amer Phys Soc, Div Plasma Phys, US DOE, Off Fus Energy Sci & Defense Sci ID W/CM(2) AB We are in the process of testing a technique for measuring the magnetic-field line topology in magnetically confined plasmas. The basic idea is to use a high-powerful short-pulse laser to launch a burst of energetic (similar to100 keV) electrons from a target passing through the plasma of interest; these electrons then generally follow field lines until they strike a solid surface, where a burst of x rays is produced and then detected. The field line connection length can be determined from the time delay between the laser pulse and the burst of x rays. The topology of the field lines can be inferred by measuring the connection length as a function of initial target location inside the plasma. Measuring the spatial distribution of the x-ray production will provide further information on-the field topology, including the effects of magnetic-field fluctuations and stochasticity. The work will eventually include testing the appropriate x-ray detectors, measuring the background x-ray emission in a spheromak plasma, measuring the energetic electron production by a short-pulse high-power laser, and making preliminary measurements of the edge field line topology in the Sustained Spheromak Physics Experiment using a pulsed electron-beam source as a prototype for a laser-based source. This technique may have broad application to a variety of plasma configurations and provide physics data applicable to a wide range of plasma physics problems. (C) 2003 American Institute Of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP McLean, HS (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave,Mail Stop L-637, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 SI SI BP 1547 EP 1550 DI 10.1063/1.1538357 PN 2 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655BB UT WOS:000181530500033 ER PT J AU Chen, H Patel, PK Price, DF Young, BK Springer, PT Berry, R Booth, R Bruns, C Nelson, D AF Chen, H Patel, PK Price, DF Young, BK Springer, PT Berry, R Booth, R Bruns, C Nelson, D TI A compact electron spectrometer for hot electron measurement in pulsed laser solid interaction SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUL 08-11, 2002 CL MADISON, WISCONSIN SP Univ Wisconsin Madison, Amer Phys Soc, Div Plasma Phys, US DOE, Off Fus Energy Sci & Defense Sci ID PLASMA INTERACTIONS; HIGH-INTENSITY; X-RAY; W/CM(2) AB Ultraintense laser-matter interactions provide a unique source of temporally short, broad spectrum electrons, which may be utilized in many varied applications. One such, which we are pursuing, is as part of a diagnostic to trace magnetic field lines in a magnetically confined fusion device. An essential aspect of this scheme is to have a detailed characterization of the,electron. angular and energy distribution. To this effect we designed and constructed a compact electron spectrometer that uses permanent magnets for electron energy dispersion and over 100 scintillating fibers coupled to a 1024 x 1024 pixel charge coupled device as the detection system. This spectrometer has electron energy coverage from 10 keV to 60 MeV. We tested the spectrometer on a high intensity (10(17)-10(21) W/cm(2)) short pulse (<100 fs) laser, JanUSP, at. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory using various solid targets. The details of the spectrometer and the experimental results will be reported. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Chen, H (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Patel, Pravesh/E-1400-2011 NR 13 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 SI SI BP 1551 EP 1553 DI 10.1063/1.1526929 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655BB UT WOS:000181530500034 ER PT J AU Watkins, JG Lasnier, CJ Whyte, DG Stangeby, PC Ulrickson, MA AF Watkins, JG Lasnier, CJ Whyte, DG Stangeby, PC Ulrickson, MA TI Calorimeter probe for the DIII-D divertor SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUL 08-11, 2002 CL MADISON, WISCONSIN SP Univ Wisconsin Madison, Amer Phys Soc, Div Plasma Phys, US DOE, Off Fus Energy Sci & Defense Sci AB Heat flux measurements of the DIII-D divertor plate have been obtained with 6 mm spatial resolution using a calorimeter probe. These measurements complement the infrared camera system normally used for heat flux measurements on DIII-D but at higher-spatial resolution. The calorimeter probe is inserted into the tokamak from below to a position which is flush with the lower divertor plate tiles using the divertor materials experimental station (DiMES). The DiMES mechanism allows for retraction of the probe behind a gate valve and removal from the tokamak for modification or calibration. A 6 mm diameter insulated graphite cylinder for collecting energy is mounted within a standard DiMES sample. A 0.8 mm diameter thermocouple, installed 4 mm below the surface, provides a measurement of the temperature during and after the plasma exposure. The 80 ms time constant for the measurement is fast enough to determine heat flux changes during the 5 s plasma discharge and heat flux profiles have been obtained using both fixed, strike points and slow strike point sweeps across the calorimeter. Special electronics and isolation is necessary as the sample is in direct electrical contact with the plasma. The calorimeter observes approximately 100 degreesC temperature rise over one tokamak discharge. The thermocouple signals are typically less than 1 mV and must be amplified near the vacuum feedthrough, passed through a low-pass filter to eliminate magnetic pickup, isolated, and sent to the data acquisition system approximately 8 m away. Initial measurements are included. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Toronto, Inst Aerosp Studies, N York, ON M3H 5T6, Canada. RP Watkins, JG (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 4 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 SI SI BP 1574 EP 1577 DI 10.1063/1.1527241 PN 2 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655BB UT WOS:000181530500040 ER PT J AU Cortes, SR Hawkes, NC Lotte, P Fenzi, C Stratton, BC Hobirk, J De Angelis, R Orsitto, F Varandas, CAF AF Cortes, SR Hawkes, NC Lotte, P Fenzi, C Stratton, BC Hobirk, J De Angelis, R Orsitto, F Varandas, CAF CA EFDA-JET Work Program TI Measurement of the plasma radial electric field by the motional Stark effect diagnostic on JET plasmas SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUL 08-11, 2002 CL MADISON, WI SP Univ Wisconsin Madison, Amer Phys Soc, Div Plasma Phys, US DOE, Off Fus Energy Sci & Def Sci ID REVERSED SHEAR PLASMAS; DIII-D; E-R AB The radial electric field gradient or the EXB flow shear has been pointed out as the underlying mechanism for turbulence suppression, responsible for an internal transport barrier formation in advanced tokamak scenarios. A comprehensive study on these subjects requires a direct measurement of the plasma radial electric field E-r. The poloidal component of the magnetic field is assessed by the motional Stark effect (MSE) polarimeter, which is currently a standard diagnostic in fusion devices, allowing a local and nonperturbative measurement of the magnetic pitch angle. A precise measure to the state of polarization of the Stark components gives the information on the direction of the magnetic field. Due to the particular orientation of the Lorentz component, that is nearly perpendicular to E-r the MSE diagnostic is very sensitive to the plasma intrinsic radial electric field. This article describes a technique to measure E-r involving the change of the polarization angle of the MSE emission, by using two beam injectors at different energies, firing sequentially, Experimental results for the low E-r case, i.e., with very little plasma rotation, showing the ability of the MSE to perform this measurement, will be presented. This is the first time that evidence of a direct measurement of the plasma E-r is reported from the Joint European Torus. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Beira Interior, EURATOM Assoc, IST, Dept Fis, P-6200 Covilha, Portugal. UKAEA Euratom Fus Assoc, Culham Sci Ctr, Abingdon OX14 3DB, Oxon, England. CEA, CEA Cadarache, EURATOM Assoc, F-13108 St Paul Les Durance, France. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Max Planck Inst Plasma Phys, EURATOM Assoc, D-85748 Garching, Germany. EURATOM, IST, Ctr Fusao Nucl, Rome, Italy. EFDA, JET, Culham Sci Ctr, Abingdon OX14 3EA, Oxon, England. RP Univ Beira Interior, EURATOM Assoc, IST, Dept Fis, P-6200 Covilha, Portugal. RI Varandas, Carlos/N-3519-2013 OI Varandas, Carlos/0000-0002-6164-0170 NR 12 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 EI 1089-7623 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 SI SI BP 1596 EP 1600 DI 10.1063/1.1537881 PN 2 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655BB UT WOS:000181530500045 ER PT J AU Deng, BH Chen, HC Domier, CW Johnson, M Lee, KC Luhmann, NC Nathan, BR Park, H AF Deng, BH Chen, HC Domier, CW Johnson, M Lee, KC Luhmann, NC Nathan, BR Park, H TI Development of a multichannel far-infrared tangential interferometer/polarimeter for the National Spherical Torus Experiment SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUL 08-11, 2002 CL MADISON, WISCONSIN SP Univ Wisconsin Madison, Amer Phys Soc, Div Plasma Phys, US DOE, Off Fus Energy Sci & Defense Sci ID LASER AB Completion of a multichannel far-infrared (FIR) tangential interferometer/polarimeter is under way for the National Spherical Torus Experiment, for the measurement of plasma electron density and toroidal magnetic-field distributions. The system is based on the three-wavelength configuration, which was first developed by Rommers and Howard in the RTP tokamak [Plasma Phys. Controlled Fusion 38, 1805 (1996)]. The probe beams enter the plasma through the, windows on the midplane in Bay-K, and are reflected back to the detectors by retro-reflectors. The three FIR beams with a wavelength of 119 mum are produced by three Methanol lasers optically pumped by a CO2 laser tuned to 9.7 mum. The entire system is designed to have a full remote control capability using the LABVIEW program and fiber links. The technical details of the system development will be presented together with preliminary experimental result. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Unit 3, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Deng, BH (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Unit 3, 3001 Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. NR 7 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 SI SI BP 1617 EP 1620 DI 10.1063/1.1538359 PN 2 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655BB UT WOS:000181530500050 ER PT J AU Lee, KC Domier, CW Deng, BH Johnson, M Nathan, BR Luhmann, NC Park, H AF Lee, KC Domier, CW Deng, BH Johnson, M Nathan, BR Luhmann, NC Park, H TI A Stark-tuned laser application for interferometry and polarimetry on the National Spherical Torus Experiment SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUL 08-11, 2002 CL MADISON, WISCONSIN SP Univ Wisconsin Madison, Amer Phys Soc, Div Plasma Phys, US DOE, Off Fus Energy Sci & Defense Sci ID FREQUENCY AB Interferometer/polarimeter systems based on far infrared lasers have suffered from lack of frequency modulation techniques that can allow higher intermediate frequency (IF) frequency for a fast time resolution together with stable operation including low frequency drift. This is mainly due to the intrinsic narrow gain profile of the lasers. It is known that the Stark, effect can broaden the laser gain profile as has been demonstrated in the laboratory. A Stark-tuned optically pumped far infrared (FIR) CH3OH laser together with two additional FIR lasers at 119 mum have been successfully implemented in the far infrared tangential interferometer/polarimeter system which will provide temporally and radially resolved two-dimensional electron density profile [n(e)(r,t)] and toroidal field profile [B-T(r,t)] data for the National Spherical Tokamak Experiment. The characteristic frequencies of the IF system are similar to3, similar to4, and similar to7 MHz and a phase lock system was utilized for tracking the drift of the IF frequencies. In this article, the characteristics and operation of the Stark-tuned laser are described in detail. The measured electron density and Faraday rotation for various physics operation regimes are compared to the line integral of Thomson scattering measurement and EFIT results, respectively. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Lee, KC (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. NR 4 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 SI SI BP 1621 EP 1624 DI 10.1063/1.1530352 PN 2 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655BB UT WOS:000181530500051 ER PT J AU Kondoh, T Miura, Y Lee, S Richards, RK Hutchinson, DP Bennett, CA AF Kondoh, T Miura, Y Lee, S Richards, RK Hutchinson, DP Bennett, CA TI Collective Thomson scattering based on CO2 laser for ion energy spectrum measurements in JT-60U SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUL 08-11, 2002 CL MADISON, WISCONSIN SP Univ Wisconsin Madison, Amer Phys Soc, Div Plasma Phys, US DOE, Off Fus Energy Sci & Defense Sci ID PULSED CO2-LASER; TEMPERATURE; RADIATION; PLASMAS; TRITIUM AB A collective Thomson scattering (CTS) diagnostic system based on a pulsed CO2 laser has been developed and brought into operation to establish a measurement technique for ion temperature and the energy spectrum of fast ions. The pulsed CO2 laser (wavelength 10.6 mum, beam energy 15 J, pulse width 1 mus) and a heterodyne receiver were installed on the JT-60U tokamak. Calculation of the scattered power spectrum from high temperature plasma in JT-60U shows that a good signal-to-noise value is expected for the bulk-ion temperature measurement. Calibration of the heterodyne receiver system has been carried out using a large area (12 x 12 cm(2)) blackbody radiation source. Commissioning of the CTS system by injecting the CO2 laser into the plasmas has been accomplished. However, a scattered signal has not yet been detected due to electrical noise, originating from the pulsed lasers discharge and stray signal coming from mode impurities in the pulsed laser. After the electrical and stray light reduction, ion temperature will be evaluated from the scattered spectrum using the CTS system. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Ibaraki 3110193, Japan. High Energy Accelerator Res Org, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Kondoh, T (reprint author), Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Ibaraki 3110193, Japan. NR 12 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 SI SI BP 1642 EP 1645 DI 10.1063/1.1532760 PN 2 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655BB UT WOS:000181530500056 ER PT J AU Richards, RK Hutchinson, DP Bennett, CA Kondoh, T Miura, Y Lee, S AF Richards, RK Hutchinson, DP Bennett, CA Kondoh, T Miura, Y Lee, S TI Applying the CO2 laser collective Thomson scattering results from JT-60U to other machines SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUL 08-11, 2002 CL MADISON, WISCONSIN SP Univ Wisconsin Madison, Amer Phys Soc, Div Plasma Phys, US DOE, Off Fus Energy Sci & Defense Sci AB A collective Thomson scattering (CTS) system based on a pulsed-CO2 laser is being developed to demonstrate the feasibility of alpha-particle diagnostics. Tests on this system are being conducted on the JT-60U tokamak. The system consists of a pulsed laser (15 J in 1:s at 10.6:m) and a wide band (similar to8 GHz) heterodyne receiver with a quantum-well infrared photodetector [Liu et al., IEEE Electron Device Lett. 16, 253 (1995)]. Stray light is reduced by a notch filter containing hot CO2 gas. The heterodyne receiver is absolutely calibrated using a large area blackbody radiation source [Bennett et al., Appl. Opt. 27, 3324 (1988)]. Results from the tests on JT-60U indicate a larger than expected noise background, especially for the lower velocity measurements determined by the smaller frequency shifts from the laser line. These results are used to estimate the signal-to-noise ratio that would be expected for a CTS diagnostic installed on other devices; ITER.("the way" in Latin), Joint European Torus-Enhanced Performance JET-EP,, and axially symmetric divertor experiment (ASDEX). Calculations and possible system improvements are presented. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Ibaraki 3110193, Japan. High Energy Accelerator Res Org, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. RP Richards, RK (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 3 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 SI SI BP 1646 EP 1648 DI 10.1063/1.1534373 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655BB UT WOS:000181530500057 ER PT J AU Den Hartog, DJ Holly, DJ O'Connell, R Beach, RJ Payne, SA Carlstrom, TN AF Den Hartog, DJ Holly, DJ O'Connell, R Beach, RJ Payne, SA Carlstrom, TN TI Prospects for measurement of rapid equilibrium changes and electron fluctuations using a high repetition rate Thomson scattering diagnostic SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUL 08-11, 2002 CL MADISON, WISCONSIN SP Univ Wisconsin Madison, Amer Phys Soc, Div Plasma Phys, US DOE, Off Fus Energy Sci & Defense Sci ID REVERSED-FIELD PINCH; SOLID-STATE LASERS; TEMPERATURE-FLUCTUATIONS; DENSITY-FLUCTUATIONS; DIII-D; TRANSPORT; PLASMA; YAG; EMISSION; UPGRADE AB Recent technological developments make a laser Thomson scattering diagnostic, operating in the incoherent electron scattering regime, a good candidate to accomplish measurements of fast electron dynamics (i.e., fast equilibrium changes, turbulence, and electron fluctuations) in high temperature plasmas. Pulse repetition rates for current generation Thomson scattering diagnostics have been limited to about 100 Hz, with the possible exception of "burst" modes in which multiple laser systems provide a limited sequence of closely spaced pulses. To overcome this limitation in laser capability, we propose that recent advances in compact, high power, diode-pumped solid state lasers be applied to a fast Thomson scattering diagnostic for fusion research. To illustrate the possibilities, we present an overview of a diagnostic system designed for the Madison Symmetry Torus reversed field pinch. The operational goal for this single-laser system is to measure (T) over tilde (e), (n) over tildee, and (p) over tilde (e) with a measurement rate of at least 10 kHz and spatial resolution of 2 cm. if successful, the technique can be extended to higher temporal frequencies and much better radial resolution, and implemented on other fusion research devices. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. RP Den Hartog, DJ (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA. NR 29 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 SI SI BP 1653 EP 1658 DI 10.1063/1.1532762 PN 2 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655BB UT WOS:000181530500059 ER PT J AU LeBlanc, BP Bell, RE Johnson, DW Hoffman, DE Long, DC Palladino, RW AF LeBlanc, BP Bell, RE Johnson, DW Hoffman, DE Long, DC Palladino, RW TI Operation of the NSTX Thomson scattering system SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUL 08-11, 2002 CL MADISON, WISCONSIN SP Univ Wisconsin Madison, Amer Phys Soc, Div Plasma Phys, US DOE, Off Fus Energy Sci & Defense Sci ID TOKAMAK AB The National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX) multipoint Thomson scattering system has been in operation for nearly two years and provides routine T-e (R, t) and n(e) (R, t) measurements. The laser beams from two M Hz Nd:YAG lasers are imaged by a spherical mirror onto 36 fiber-optic bundles. In the present configuration, the output ends of 20 of these bundles are instrumented with filter polychromators and avalanche photodiode detectors. In this article, we discuss the laser implementation and the installed collection optics. We follow with examples of raw and analyzed data, and close with some comments about calibration. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP LeBlanc, BP (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 9 TC 75 Z9 75 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 SI SI BP 1659 EP 1662 DI 10.1063/1.1532763 PN 2 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655BB UT WOS:000181530500060 ER PT J AU Ochi, Y Golovkin, I Mancini, R Uschmann, I Sunahara, A Nishimura, H Fujita, K Louis, S Nakai, M Shiraga, H Miyanaga, N Azechi, H Butzbach, R Forster, E Delettrez, J Koch, J Lee, RW Klein, L AF Ochi, Y Golovkin, I Mancini, R Uschmann, I Sunahara, A Nishimura, H Fujita, K Louis, S Nakai, M Shiraga, H Miyanaga, N Azechi, H Butzbach, R Forster, E Delettrez, J Koch, J Lee, RW Klein, L TI Temporal evolution of temperature and density profiles of a laser compressed core (invited) SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUL 08-11, 2002 CL MADISON, WISCONSIN SP Univ Wisconsin Madison, Amer Phys Soc, Div Plasma Phys, US DOE, Off Fus Energy Sci & Defense Sci ID IMPLOSION EXPERIMENTS; DRIVEN-IMPLOSION; UNIFORMITY; PLASMAS AB Temporal evolutions of the electron temperature and density profiles in the inertial confinement fusion core plasma were obtained through a combination of experimental technology to create a uniform core, diagnostics developments,,and a data analysis technique to obtain an optimal solution. In the experiment, time- and space-resolved x-ray spectroscopic measurements were carried out; an x-ray streak spectrograph and a monochromatic x-ray framing camera provided temporal evolution of x-ray spectrum and monochromatic emissivities, respectively. The spectrum and emissivity profile were iteratively fitted as a function of electron temperature, density, and space. Then, optimal solutions were successfully extracted with the help of Niched-Pareto genetic algorithm. Temporal behavior between those data is well corrected by comparing spatially and spectrally integrated intensities. The resultant profiles were compared with hydrocode simulations, showing that spatially averaged electron temperature and density evolutions are well replicated by the simulations, but their detail spatial profiles do not agree with them. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Osaka Univ, Inst Laser Engn, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan. Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA. Univ Jena, Inst Opt & Quantum Elect, D-07743 Jena, Germany. Univ Nevada, Dept Comp Sci, Reno, NV 89557 USA. Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Howard Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Washington, DC 20059 USA. Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Kansai Res Estab, Adv Photon Res Ctr, Kyoto, Japan. RP Ochi, Y (reprint author), Osaka Univ, Inst Laser Engn, 2-6 Yamada Oka, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan. RI Miyanaga, Noriaki/F-1340-2015; Azechi, Hiroshi/H-5876-2015; Nakai, Mitsuo/I-6758-2015; Nishimura, Hiroaki/I-4908-2015; Shiraga, Hiroyuki/I-9565-2015; OI Miyanaga, Noriaki/0000-0002-9902-5392; Nakai, Mitsuo/0000-0001-6076-756X; SUNAHARA, ATSUSHI/0000-0001-7543-5226 NR 18 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 SI SI BP 1683 EP 1687 DI 10.1063/1.1534389 PN 2 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655BB UT WOS:000181530500066 ER PT J AU Borghesi, M Schiavi, A Campbell, DH Haines, MG Willi, O Mackinnon, AJ Patel, P Galimberti, M Gizzi, LA AF Borghesi, M Schiavi, A Campbell, DH Haines, MG Willi, O Mackinnon, AJ Patel, P Galimberti, M Gizzi, LA TI Proton imaging detection of transient electromagnetic fields in lasor-plasma interactions (invited) SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUL 08-11, 2002 CL MADISON, WISCONSIN SP Univ Wisconsin Madison, Amer Phys Soc, Div Plasma Phys, US DOE, Off Fus Energy Sci & Defense Sci ID LASER-SOLID INTERACTIONS; HIGH-INTENSITY LASER; ION-ACCELERATION; MAGNETIC-FIELDS; TARGETS; PULSE; ELECTRONS; SIMULATIONS; GENERATION; TRANSPORT AB Due to their particular properties (small source size, low divergence, short duration, large number density), the beams of multi-MeV protons generated during the interaction of ultraintense (I > 10(19) W/cm(2)) short pulses with thin solid targets are most suited for use as a particle probe in laser-plasma experiments. In particular, the proton beams are a valuable diagnostic tool for the detection, of electromagnetic fields. The recently developed proton imaging technique employs the beams, in a point-projection imaging scheme, as an easily synchronizable diagnostic tool in laser-plasma interactions, fields, with high temporal and spatial resolution. The broad energy spectrum of the beams coupled with an appropriate choice of detector (multiple layers of dosimetric film) allows temporal multiframe capability. By allowing, for the first time, diagnostic access to electric-field distributions in dense plasmas, this novel diagnostic opens up to investigation a whole new range of unexplored phenomena. Results obtained in experiments performed at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory are discussed here. In particular, the article presents the measurement of highly transient electric fields related to the generation and dynamics of hot electron currents following ultraintense. laser irradiation of targets. The experimental capabilities of the technique and the analysis procedure required are well exemplified by the data presented. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Queens Univ Belfast, Dept Pure & Appl Phys, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, London, England. Univ Dusseldorf, Inst Laser & Plasmaphys, D-4000 Dusseldorf, Germany. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. CNR, Ist Proc Chim Fis, I-56100 Pisa, Italy. RP Borghesi, M (reprint author), Queens Univ Belfast, Dept Pure & Appl Phys, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland. RI Patel, Pravesh/E-1400-2011; Gizzi, Leonida/F-4782-2011; Borghesi, Marco/K-2974-2012; MacKinnon, Andrew/P-7239-2014; Galimberti, Marco/J-8376-2016; Schiavi, Angelo/D-2924-2017 OI MacKinnon, Andrew/0000-0002-4380-2906; Galimberti, Marco/0000-0003-0661-7282; Schiavi, Angelo/0000-0002-7081-2747 NR 39 TC 53 Z9 54 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 SI SI BP 1688 EP 1693 DI 10.1063/1.1534390 PN 2 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655BB UT WOS:000181530500067 ER PT J AU Moran, MJ Haan, SW Hatchett, SP Izumi, N Koch, A Lerche, RA Phillips, TW AF Moran, MJ Haan, SW Hatchett, SP Izumi, N Koch, A Lerche, RA Phillips, TW TI Energy-resolved neutron imaging for inertial confinement fusion SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUL 08-11, 2002 CL MADISON, WI SP Univ Wisconsin Madison, Amer Phys Soc, Div Plasma Phys, US DOE, Off Fus Energy Sci & Def Sci AB The success of the National Ignition Facility program will depend on diagnostic measurements which study the performance of inertial confinement fusion (ICF) experiments. Neutron yield, fusion-burn time history, and images are examples of important diagnostics. Neutron and x-ray images will record the geometries of compressed targets during the fusion-burn process'. Such images provide a critical test of the accuracy of numerical modeling of ICF experiments. They also can provide valuable information in cases where experiments produce unexpected results. Although x-ray and neutron images provide similar data, they do have significant differences. X-ray images represent the distribution of high-temperature regions where fusion occurs, while neutron images directly reveal the spatial distribution of fusion-neutron emission. X-ray imaging has the advantage of a relatively straightforward path to the imaging system design. Neutron imaging, by using energy-resolved detection, offers the intriguing advantage of being able to provide independent images of burning and nonburning regions of the nuclear fuel. The usefulness of energy-resolved neutron imaging depends on both the information content of the data and on the quality of the data that can be recorded. The information content will relate to the characteristic neutron spectra that are associated with emission from different regions of the source. Numerical modeling of ICF fusion burn will be required to interpret the corresponding energy-dependent images. The exercise will be useful only if the images can be recorded with sufficient definition to reveal the spatial and energy-dependent features of interest. Several options are being evaluated with respect to the feasibility of providing the desired simultaneous spatial and energy resolution. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM moran3@llnl.gov RI IZUMI, Nobuhiko/J-8487-2016 OI IZUMI, Nobuhiko/0000-0003-1114-597X NR 1 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 EI 1089-7623 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 SI SI BP 1701 EP 1704 DI 10.1063/1.1534391 PN 2 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655BB UT WOS:000181530500069 ER PT J AU Wilson, DC Christensen, CR Morgan, GL Wilke, MD Bradley, PA Gobby, PL AF Wilson, DC Christensen, CR Morgan, GL Wilke, MD Bradley, PA Gobby, PL TI Goals for and design of a neutron pinhole imaging system for ignition capsules SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUL 08-11, 2002 CL MADISON, WI SP Univ Wisconsin Madison, Amer Phys Soc, Div Plasma Phys, US DOE, Off Fus Energy Sci & Def Sci ID CONFINEMENT AB Neutron yield at the National Ignition Facility (NIF) or the Laser MegaJoule (LMJ) will range from 10(19) for a capsule that ignites and burns well to below 10(15) for one that fails to ignite. Expected image sizes in deuterium-tritium (DT) neutrons decrease with the neutron yield. At 10(18)-10(19) yields the capsules have ignited and are burning main fuel, producing images with full width at half maximum (FWHM) of similar to100 mum which require a 200 mum field of view and would need 10 mum resolution., Marginally igniting capsules, with yields of 10(17) to 10(18), burn the hot spot and some main fuel. Their neutron images are smaller, similar to 60 mum FWHM, and require similar to120 mum field of view, with 7 mum resolution needed. Below similar to 10(17), the capsule fails to ignite and a field of view of similar to100 mum suffices to image the hot spot which might be similar to30 mum FWHM with a resolution of similar to5 mum. Images in downscattered neutrons are as large or larger than the time integrated images, have similar to5% of the brightness, and require correspondingly larger fields of view and are useful at lower resolution. A neutron imaging system can be designed to meet these requirements. One design for a neutron aperture is symmetric, biconic, with no clear opening. The opening angle of the cone defines the aperture's effective area, point spread function, and hence the resolution. The field of view is determined by the cone angle and the distance from the capsule, and hence. is coupled to the aperture resolution. Detector resolution determines the required magnification and thereby the minimum capsule to detector distance. At NIF a 20 cm long tungsten aperture with its front face 15 cm from the capsule could produce images with 5 mum resolution at yields down to 10(16) in directions normal to the indirect drive Hohlraum axis. Image noise levels could be comparable to those already achieved on the Omega laser. Imaging in downscattered DT neutrons, typically 9.4-13 MeV and several percent in number compared to the DT neutrons, requires a detector with relatively fast decay time to recover after the arrival of the 14 MeV neutrons. The larger, fainter images reflecting the cold, main DT fuel, which demand less resolution, might be imaged through a second aperture with larger effective area located in the same pinhole assembly. In addition to a line of sight normal to the Hohlraunt axis, a second line of sight along the axis is needed to diagnose nonaxisymmetric asymmetries. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM dcw@lanl.gov NR 12 TC 18 Z9 20 U1 3 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 EI 1089-7623 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 SI SI BP 1705 EP 1708 DI 10.1063/1.1534392 PN 2 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655BB UT WOS:000181530500070 ER PT J AU Lerche, RA Izumi, N Fisher, RK Disdier, L Bourgade, JL Rouyer, A Jaanimagi, PA Sangster, TC AF Lerche, RA Izumi, N Fisher, RK Disdier, L Bourgade, JL Rouyer, A Jaanimagi, PA Sangster, TC TI Neutron images recorded with high-resolution bubble detectors SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUL 08-11, 2002 CL MADISON, WISCONSIN SP Univ Wisconsin Madison, Amer Phys Soc, Div Plasma Phys, US DOE, Off Fus Energy Sci & Defense Sci ID CONFINEMENT FUSION EXPERIMENTS; TARGETS AB Neutron images have been successfully recorded with "gel-type bubble detectors." 14 MeV fusion neutrons emitted from laser-irradiated inertial confinement fusion targets formed coded images in proof-of-principle experiments conducted at the OMEGA laser facility. In the detector, small (similar to50 mum diameter) bubbles form when high-energy neutrons collide with the detector material. Each collision produces only one bubble whose position can be determined with a precision of better than 25 mum., Additionally, bubble detectors are insensitive to x-ray and gamma-ray background. For these ride-along experiments, bubble detectors were simply inserted between the imaging aperture and the scintillation detector of the primary experiment. Recorded images for high-yield (6 X 10(13)) targets show the bubble detector's potential for high resolution. More complex "liquid" bubble detectors are expected to have efficiencies of similar to1% (versus 0.001% for gel-type) while maintaining the desirable characteristics of the gel-type units. This article discusses the bubble detector, the characteristics that make them an attractive recording device for neutron imaging, and initial bubble detector images. Simulation of the image statistics and the potential impact of bubble detectors on image system design are also discussed. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. CEA DAM Ile France, Gometz Le Chatel, France. Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. RP Lerche, RA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RI IZUMI, Nobuhiko/J-8487-2016 OI IZUMI, Nobuhiko/0000-0003-1114-597X NR 10 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 SI SI BP 1709 EP 1712 DI 10.1063/1.1534393 PN 2 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655BB UT WOS:000181530500071 ER PT J AU Stoeckl, C Glebov, VY Roberts, S Sangster, TC Lerche, RA Griffith, RL Sorce, C AF Stoeckl, C Glebov, VY Roberts, S Sangster, TC Lerche, RA Griffith, RL Sorce, C TI Ten-inch manipulator-based neutron temporal diagnostic for cryogenic experiments on OMEGA SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUL 08-11, 2002 CL MADISON, WI SP Univ Wisconsin Madison, Amer Phys Soc, Div Plasma Phys, US DOE, Off Fus Energy Sci & Def Sci ID INERTIAL-CONFINEMENT FUSION; TARGET BURN HISTORY; STREAK CAMERA; IMPLOSIONS AB Measurements of the neutron emission from inertial confinement fusion implosions provide important information about target performance that can be compared directly with numerical models. For room-temperature target experiments on OMEGA at the Laboratory for Laser Energetics (LLE) the neutron temporal diagnostic (NTD), originally developed at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, is used to measure the neutron burn history with high resolution and good timing accuracy. The NTD is mechanically incompatible with cryogenic target experiments because of the standoff required to remain clear of the cryogenic target handling system, A cryogenic-compatible neutron temporal diagnostic (cryoNTD) has been designed for LLE's standard ten-inch manipulator diagnostic inserters. This instrument provides high-resolution neutron emission measurements for cryogenic implosions. Experimental results of the performance of cryoNTD compared to NTD on room-temperature direct-drive implosions and on cryogenic implosions are presented. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. RP Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, 250 E River Rd, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. EM csto@lle.rochester.edu NR 12 TC 21 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 EI 1089-7623 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 SI SI BP 1713 EP 1716 DI 10.1063/1.1534394 PN 2 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655BB UT WOS:000181530500072 ER PT J AU Izumi, N Lerche, RA Phillips, TW Schmid, GJ Moran, MJ Koch, JA Azechi, H Sangster, TC AF Izumi, N Lerche, RA Phillips, TW Schmid, GJ Moran, MJ Koch, JA Azechi, H Sangster, TC TI Development of a gated scintillation fiber neutron detector for areal density measurements of inertial confinement fusion capsules SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUL 08-11, 2002 CL MADISON, WISCONSIN SP Univ Wisconsin Madison, Amer Phys Soc, Div Plasma Phys, US DOE, Off Fus Energy Sci & Defense Sci ID OMEGA; SPECTROSCOPY; IGNITION AB A detector for, fuel areal density measurements in inertial confinement fusion capsules has been designed. Observation of neutrons scattered in an imploded deuterium capsule (0.27-0.6 MeV) is a promising method for areal density measurements in the National Ignition Facility DD surrogate capsules. In order to detect scattered neutrons, we need to (1) suppress interference due to the strong direct neutron burst and (2) suppress the background produced by neutrons scattering on nontarget material (mainly from the target chamber). In our detector system, we suppress direct neutrons by gating the detector. We suppress the nontarget background neutrons by placing the detector outside the target chamber and limiting the view of the detector with collimators. In addition, we are developing a lithium-glass scintillation-fiber detector (LG-SCIFI) to detect the scattered neutrons. The LG-SCIFI will work as a multichannel scintillator array. The scintillation signal will be amplified by a microchannel plate image intensifier, which is gated to accept signals only in a specific time-of-flight window for the scattered, neutrons. The gated scintillation image will be recorded by a charge-coupled device. Since the detector is segmented, neutron detection events will be clearly identified as bright spots in the gated image. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Osaka Univ, Inst Laser Engn, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan. Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. RP Izumi, N (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RI Azechi, Hiroshi/H-5876-2015; IZUMI, Nobuhiko/J-8487-2016 OI IZUMI, Nobuhiko/0000-0003-1114-597X NR 17 TC 14 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 SI SI BP 1722 EP 1725 DI 10.1063/1.1534396 PN 2 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655BB UT WOS:000181530500074 ER PT J AU Isobe, M Darrow, DS Kotani, J Shimizu, A Suzuki, C Yoshimura, Y Minami, T Takahashi, C Nagaoka, K Nishimura, S Toi, K Matsuoka, K Okamura, S AF Isobe, M Darrow, DS Kotani, J Shimizu, A Suzuki, C Yoshimura, Y Minami, T Takahashi, C Nagaoka, K Nishimura, S Toi, K Matsuoka, K Okamura, S CA CHS Grp TI Energy and pitch angle-resolved measurements of escaping helically trapped energetic ions at the small major radius side of the compact helical system SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUL 08-11, 2002 CL MADISON, WISCONSIN SP Univ Wisconsin Madison, Amer Phys Soc, Div Plasma Phys, US DOE, Off Fus Energy Sci & Defense Sci ID FUSION PRODUCTS; HELIOTRON/TORSATRON; TFTR; LOSSES; CHS AB We have developed and installed a new, second escaping fast ion probe for the small major radius side of the compact helical system. This is a Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor type scintillator-based probe and is intended to detect unconfined helically trapped fast ions whose orbits largely deviate from magnetic flux surfaces. We observed a localized light spot on the scintillator screen in neutral beam-heated discharges and it was confirmed to be a true fast ion signal. The analysis suggests that the probe detects partially thermalized, pitch angle scattered beam ions. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Natl Inst Fus Sci, Toki 5095292, Japan. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Nagoya Univ, Nagoya, Aichi 4648602, Japan. RP Isobe, M (reprint author), Natl Inst Fus Sci, 322-6 Oroshi Cho, Toki 5095292, Japan. NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 SI SI BP 1739 EP 1742 DI 10.1063/1.1538330 PN 2 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655BB UT WOS:000181530500078 ER PT J AU Cecil, FE Aakhus-Witt, A Hawbaker, J Sayers, J Bozek, A Heidbrink, WW Darrow, DS Debey, TM Marmar, E AF Cecil, FE Aakhus-Witt, A Hawbaker, J Sayers, J Bozek, A Heidbrink, WW Darrow, DS Debey, TM Marmar, E TI Thin foil Faraday collectors as a radiation hard fast lost-ion diagnostic SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUL 08-11, 2002 CL MADISON, WISCONSIN SP Univ Wisconsin Madison, Amer Phys Soc, Div Plasma Phys, US DOE, Off Fus Energy Sci & Defense Sci ID FUSION PLASMAS AB We are investigating thin foil Faraday collectors as a diagnostic for lost fast ions from tokamak fusion plasmas. Prototype devices have been recently, installed in the National Spherical Torus Experiment and DIII-D. Initial results from these devices indicate a loss of energetic ions from, a variety of plasma conditions. Results from a device installed immediately outside a thin Be window on ALCATOR C-mod, as a test on the response to moderately intense fluxes of soft x rays indicate an upper limit of about 2 x 10(-22) A/photon/cm(2) at a plasma electron temperature of 1.8 keV. An important property of the diagnostic is the expected ability to operate under fairly high neutron/gamma radiation backgrounds. We have tested this expectation by measuring the current from a thin (2.5 mum) Ni foil placed in the core of a TRIGA fission reactor. At a maximum steady-state power of 950 kW (10(13) n/cm(2)/s), a current of 1.2 nA/cm(2) was measured. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Phys, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA USA. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Cecil, FE (reprint author), Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Phys, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 8 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 SI SI BP 1747 EP 1749 DI 10.1063/1.1534400 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655BB UT WOS:000181530500080 ER PT J AU Young, KM AF Young, KM TI Diagnostics for FIRE: A status report SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUL 08-11, 2002 CL MADISON, WISCONSIN SP Univ Wisconsin Madison, Amer Phys Soc, Div Plasma Phys, US DOE, Off Fus Energy Sci & Defense Sci ID PLASMA DIAGNOSTICS; ITER; BEAM AB The mission for the proposed fusion ignition research experiment (FIRE) device is to "attain, explore, understand and optimize fusion-dominated plasmas." Operation at Qgreater than or equal to5, for 20 s with a fusion power output of similar to150 MW is the major goal. Attaining this mission sets demands for plasma measurement which are at least as comprehensive as on present tokamaks, with the additional capabilities needed for control of the plasma and for understanding the effects of the alpha-particles. Because of the planned operation in advanced tokamak scenarios, with steep transport barriers, the diagnostic instrumentation must be able to provide fine spatial and temporal resolution. It must also be able to withstand the impact of the intense neutron and gamma irradiation. There are practical engineering issues of minimizing radiation streaming while providing essential diagnostic access to the plasma. Many components will operate close to the first wall, e.g., ceramics and mineral insulated cable for magnetic diagnostics and mirrors for optical diagnostics; these components must be selected and mounted so that they will operate and survive in fluxes which require special material selection. The measurement requirements have been assessed so that the diagnostics for the FIRE device can be defined. Clearly, a better set of diagnostics of alpha-particles than that available for TFTR is essential, since the alpha-particles provide the dominant sources of heating and of instability-drive in the plasma. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Young, KM (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 SI SI BP 1761 EP 1765 DI 10.1063/1.1534404 PN 2 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655BB UT WOS:000181530500084 ER PT J AU Johnson, D Brown, T Neilson, H Schilling, G Takahashi, H Zarnstorff, M Cole, M Lazarus, E Fenstermacher, M AF Johnson, D Brown, T Neilson, H Schilling, G Takahashi, H Zarnstorff, M Cole, M Lazarus, E Fenstermacher, M TI Diagnostics plan for the national compact stellarator experiment SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUL 08-11, 2002 CL MADISON, WISCONSIN SP Univ Wisconsin Madison, Amer Phys Soc, Div Plasma Phys, US DOE, Off Fus Energy Sci & Defense Sci ID MAGNETIC-FIELD; SYSTEM AB The National Compact Stellarator Experiment (NCSX) is a stellarator-tokamak hybrid seeking to combine the good confinement, high beta, and moderate aspect ratio of the tokamak with the quasi-steady-state operation and good stability properties of the stellarator. A preliminary list of measurement requirements, intended to satisfy the needs of the phased research plan, provides the basis for a full complement of plasma diagnostics. It is important to consider this full set, even at this early stage, to assess the adequacy of the stellarator design for diagnostic port access. The three-dimensional nature of the plasma is a measurement challenge, as is the necessity for high-spatial resolution to assess the quality of magnetic surfaces. Other diagnostic requirements include the need for re-entrant views that penetrate the cryostat, for a convenient e-beam probe for field line mapping, and for a diagnostic neutral beam for active spectroscopy. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Johnson, D (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 SI SI BP 1787 EP 1790 DI 10.1063/1.1538364 PN 2 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655BB UT WOS:000181530500090 ER PT J AU Bradley, PA Wilson, DC Swenson, FJ Morgan, GL AF Bradley, PA Wilson, DC Swenson, FJ Morgan, GL TI ICF ignition capsule neutron, gamma ray, and high energy x-ray images SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUL 08-11, 2002 CL MADISON, WISCONSIN SP Univ Wisconsin Madison, Amer Phys Soc, Div Plasma Phys, US DOE, Off Fus Energy Sci & Defense Sci ID TARGET DESIGN; FACILITY AB Post-processed total neutron, RIF neutron, gamma-ray, and x-ray images from 2D LASNEX calculations of burning ignition capsules are presented. The capsules have yields ranging from tens of kilojoules (failures) to over 16 MJ (ignition), and their implosion symmetry ranges from prolate (flattest at the hohlraum equator) to oblate (flattest towards the laser entrance hole). The simulated total neutron images emphasize regions of high DT density and temperature; the reaction-in-flight neutrons emphasize regions of high DT density; the gamma rays emphasize regions of high shell density; and the high energy x rays (>10 keV) emphasize regions of high temperature. (C) 2003. American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Wilson, DC (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 10 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 SI SI BP 1824 EP 1827 DI 10.1063/1.1534930 PN 2 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655BB UT WOS:000181530500099 ER PT J AU Schmid, GJ Griffith, RL Izumi, N Koch, JA Lerche, RA Moran, MJ Phillips, TW Turner, RE Glebov, VY Sangster, TC Stoeckl, C AF Schmid, GJ Griffith, RL Izumi, N Koch, JA Lerche, RA Moran, MJ Phillips, TW Turner, RE Glebov, VY Sangster, TC Stoeckl, C TI CVD diamond as a high bandwidth neutron detector for inertial confinement fusion diagnostics SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUL 08-11, 2002 CL MADISON, WISCONSIN SP Univ Wisconsin Madison, Amer Phys Soc, Div Plasma Phys, US DOE, Off Fus Energy Sci & Defense Sci ID AREAL DENSITY; SPECTROSCOPY; OMEGA; NIF AB We characterize the response of chemical vapor deposition (CVD) diamond detectors to inertial confinement fusion (ICF) neutrons generated at the OMEGA laser fusion facility in Rochester, NY. Four detectors are tested: three utilizing "Optical grade" CVD diamond, and one utilizing "electronic grade" CVD diamond. Using a 50 Omega measurement system, we find that the optical grade wafers, biased to 1000 V/mm, have an average sensitivity of 0.24 muV ns/n for 2.5 MeV (DD fusion) neutrons and 0.62 muV ns/n for 14.0 MeV (DT fusion) neutrons. At the same E field, the electronic grade wafer has a sensitivity of 0.56 and 1.43 muV ns/n for 2.5 and 14 MeV neutrons, respectively. Linear dynamic range for the optical grade material is shown to be at least 10(5). Average full width at half maximum response times, as measured with pulsed laser and 3 GHz scope, are 376 and 880 ps for optical and electronic grades, respectively. These characteristics make CVD diamond suitable for ICF applications such as neutron time-of-flight spectroscopy, bang time measurements, and ion temperature measurements. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. RP Schmid, GJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI IZUMI, Nobuhiko/J-8487-2016 OI IZUMI, Nobuhiko/0000-0003-1114-597X NR 13 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 SI SI BP 1828 EP 1831 DI 10.1063/1.1534899 PN 2 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655BB UT WOS:000181530500100 ER PT J AU Caldwell, SE Berggren, RR Davis, BA Evans, SC Faulkner, JR Garcia, JA Griffith, RL Lash, DK Lerche, RA Mack, JM Morgan, GL Moy, KJ Ortel, JA Sturges, RE Young, CS AF Caldwell, SE Berggren, RR Davis, BA Evans, SC Faulkner, JR Garcia, JA Griffith, RL Lash, DK Lerche, RA Mack, JM Morgan, GL Moy, KJ Ortel, JA Sturges, RE Young, CS TI Observation of d-t fusion gamma rays (invited) SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUL 08-11, 2002 CL MADISON, WISCONSIN SP Univ Wisconsin Madison, Amer Phys Soc, Div Plasma Phys, US DOE, Off Fus Energy Sci & Defense Sci AB Deuterium-tritium (DT) reaction rates of imploding capsules have historically been measured using. neutron detectors. Temporal resolution is limited by the size,of the detector and distance from the source to detector. The reaction rates can also be measured using the 16.7 MeV gamma ray, which is produced by the same DT reaction, but statistically far less often than the 14.1 MeV neutron. Cherenkov detectors detect gamma rays by converting the gamma rays to electrons,, which in turn produce Cherenkov light and record this visible light using, a fast optical detector. These detectors can be scaled to large volumes in order to increase detection efficiency with little degradation in time resolution, and placed well away from the source since gamma rays do not suffer velocity dispersion between the source and detector. Gas-based Cherenkov detectors can also discriminate against lower-energy photons produced in and around the target. A prototype gas Cherenkov detector has been built and tested for detector response at the Idaho State University electron linear accelerator (LINAC). Later tests at the University of Rochester's OMEGA laser facility proved the feasibility of this diagnostic by successfully recording the 16.7 MeV gamma ray. A second version has now been built to demonstrate the temporal resolution. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Bechtel, N Las Vegas, NV 89030 USA. Sumner Associates, Santa Fe, NM 87501 USA. RP Caldwell, SE (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 15 TC 18 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 SI SI BP 1837 EP 1841 DI 10.1063/1.1534932 PN 2 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655BB UT WOS:000181530500102 ER PT J AU Lyon, JF Goncharov, PR Murakami, S Ozaki, T Greenwood, DE Spong, DA Sudo, S AF Lyon, JF Goncharov, PR Murakami, S Ozaki, T Greenwood, DE Spong, DA Sudo, S CA LHD Grp I II TI Spatially resolved measurements of energetic neutral particle distributions in the Large Helical Device SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUL 08-11, 2002 CL MADISON, WISCONSIN SP Univ Wisconsin Madison, Amer Phys Soc, Div Plasma Phys, US DOE, Off Fus Energy Sci & Defense Sci AB A silicon-detector-based neutral particle analyzer array was used to study fast ion distributions in the Large Helical. Device for different plasma heating conditions. GNET code simulations of the measurements are needed for accurate interpretation of the data. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Grad Univ Adv Studies, Kanagawa 2400193, Japan. Natl Inst Fus Sci, Gifu 5095292, Japan. RP Lyon, JF (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Spong, Donald/C-6887-2012; Goncharov, Pavel/I-4288-2013; Murakami, Sadayoshi/A-2191-2016 OI Spong, Donald/0000-0003-2370-1873; Goncharov, Pavel/0000-0001-9226-1694; Murakami, Sadayoshi/0000-0002-2526-7137 NR 3 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 SI SI BP 1873 EP 1877 DI 10.1063/1.1534913 PN 2 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655BB UT WOS:000181530500111 ER PT J AU Wang, ZH Wurden, GA AF Wang, ZH Wurden, GA TI Hypervelocity dust beam injection for internal magnetic field mapping SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUL 08-11, 2002 CL MADISON, WISCONSIN SP Univ Wisconsin Madison, Amer Phys Soc, Div Plasma Phys, US DOE, Off Fus Energy Sci & Defense Sci ID TOKAMAK; PLASMA; SPECTROSCOPY AB Injecting neutral atoms into high-temperature plasmas forms the basis for several important diagnostics, such as motional Stark effect and charge exchange recombination spectroscopy. We describe an alternative approach to seeding the plasma with neutrals, via "hypervelocity dust beam injection" (HDBI), using micron-sized dusts. Among its many potential applications, HDBI mapping of two-dimensional internal magnetic fields inside medium-sized (50-500 eV) plasmas is discussed in detail. Electrostatic acceleration at similar to100-200 kV will launch a stream of (0.2-10 Am-sized) dust grains of lithium or carbon to hypervelocities (1-10 km/s). Each dust grain, acting. as a "microcomet" in the plasma, forming a plume (tail), which if photographed, will reveal the direction of the local magnetic field, with anywhere from 10-100 microcomets in the plasma at any time, a full profile of the B-field direction could be obtained per high resolution image. Due to the small dust grain size, the perturbation to the plasma will be minimal. HDBI could be a simple low cost approach to obtain internal magnetic field information in plasmas with magnetic field structures that are significantly different than vacuum fields, such as in spherical tokamaks, FRC's, RFP's, and spheromaks. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Wang, ZH (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Wurden, Glen/A-1921-2017 OI Wurden, Glen/0000-0003-2991-1484 NR 20 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 SI SI BP 1887 EP 1891 DI 10.1063/1.1534894 PN 2 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655BB UT WOS:000181530500114 ER PT J AU Medley, SS Bell, RE Petrov, MP Roquemore, AL Suvorkin, EV AF Medley, SS Bell, RE Petrov, MP Roquemore, AL Suvorkin, EV TI Initial neutral particle analyzer measurements of ion temperature in the National Spherical Torus Experiment SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUL 08-11, 2002 CL MADISON, WISCONSIN SP Univ Wisconsin Madison, Amer Phys Soc, Div Plasma Phys, US DOE, Off Fus Energy Sci & Defense Sci AB The neutral particle analyzer (NPA) diagnostic on the National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX) utilizes a PPPL-designed Eparallel toB spectrometer which measures the energy spectra of minority H and bulk D species simultaneously with 39 energy channels per mass species and a time resolution of I ms. The calibrated energy range is E = 0.5- 150 keV and the energy resolution varies from DeltaE/E = 3% - 7% over the surface of the microchannel plate detector. The NPA measures thermal Maxwellian ion spectra to obtain line integrated ion temperatures, T-i. For line integral electron densities below n(e)L similar to 3.5 x 10(19) m(-2), good agreement is observed between the line integrated NPA T-i and the central T-i(0) measured by the spatially localized charge exchange recombination spectroscopy (CHERS) diagnostic. However, with increasingly higher n(e)L the NPA T-i falls below the central T-i(0) measured by CHERS because the charge exchange neutral emissivity weights the line integrated NPA measurement outboard of the, plasma core. An analytic neutral analysis code, DOUBLE, has been applied to the NPA data to correct for this effect and restore agreement with T-i(0) measured by CHERS. A description of the NPA diagnostic on NSTX and initial ion temperature measurements along with an illustration of application of the DOUBLE code are presented. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. AF Ioffe Phys Tech Inst, St Petersburg 194021, Russia. RP Medley, SS (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 5 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 SI SI BP 1896 EP 1899 DI 10.1063/1.1534895 PN 2 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655BB UT WOS:000181530500116 ER PT J AU Raman, R Kugel, HW Provost, T Gernhardt, R Jarboe, TR Bell, MG AF Raman, R Kugel, HW Provost, T Gernhardt, R Jarboe, TR Bell, MG TI Fast neutral pressure measurements in NSTX SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUL 08-11, 2002 CL MADISON, WISCONSIN SP Univ Wisconsin Madison, Amer Phys Soc, Div Plasma Phys, US DOE, Off Fus Energy Sci & Defense Sci AB Several fast neutral pressure gauges have been installed on the National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX) to measure the vessel and divertor pressure during inductive and coaxial helicity injected plasma operations. Modified, Princeton. divertor experiment-type Penning gauges have been installed on the upper and lower divertors. Neutral pressure measurements during plasma operations from these and from two shielded fast microion gauges at different toroidal locations on the vessel midplane are described. A new unshielded ion gauge, referred to as the in-vessel neutral. pressure gauge is under development. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Raman, R (reprint author), Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. NR 6 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 SI SI BP 1900 EP 1904 DI 10.1063/1.1534896 PN 2 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655BB UT WOS:000181530500117 ER PT J AU Alekseyev, AG Darrow, DS Roquemore, AL Medley, SS Amosov, VN Krasilnikov, AV Prosvirin, DV Tsutskikh, AY AF Alekseyev, AG Darrow, DS Roquemore, AL Medley, SS Amosov, VN Krasilnikov, AV Prosvirin, DV Tsutskikh, AY TI Application of natural diamond detector to energetic neutral particle measurements on NSTX SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUL 08-11, 2002 CL MADISON, WISCONSIN SP Univ Wisconsin Madison, Amer Phys Soc, Div Plasma Phys, US DOE, Off Fus Energy Sci & Defense Sci ID ACCELERATION; IRRADIATION; CONFINEMENT; PROTONS AB Two natural diamond detectors have been installed on the National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX) to look at escaping neutrals at or near the neutral beam injection energy. Time resolved measurements have been obtained from these detectors at various tangency radii. The close proximity of the detector to the vessel required the development of a very fast low-noise preamplifier, which has been shown to be superior to similar commercial units. With this amplifier arrangement, electromagnetic pick-up noise was reduced to acceptable levels. However, radiation shielding was required to reduce the background levels from neutron-induced pulses in the detector. Calibration data along with the measured energy resolution is presented in the useful energy range. for NSTX. Example data from plasma discharges is also presented. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 TRINITI, Troitsk, Moscow Reg, Russia. Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Alekseyev, AG (reprint author), TRINITI, Troitsk, Moscow Reg, Russia. NR 9 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 SI SI BP 1905 EP 1908 DI 10.1063/1.1538324 PN 2 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655BB UT WOS:000181530500118 ER PT J AU Mackinnon, AJ Patel, PK Price, DW Hicks, D Borghesi, M Romagnani, L AF Mackinnon, AJ Patel, PK Price, DW Hicks, D Borghesi, M Romagnani, L TI First observation of Moire fringes in a proton beam generated by a 100 fs laser pulse SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUL 08-11, 2002 CL MADISON, WISCONSIN SP Univ Wisconsin Madison, Amer Phys Soc, Div Plasma Phys, US DOE, Off Fus Energy Sci & Defense Sci ID PLASMA INTERACTION; ION-ACCELERATION; SOLID TARGETS; EMISSION; ELECTRON AB High contrast Moire fringes have been observed when two gratings were inserted into a proton beam produced from the interaction of a 100 TW laser beam with a thin solid foil. Moire fringes with modulation close to 20% were observed in protons with energies between 4 and 7 MeV The fringes were rotated with respect to a collimated optical test beam, a finding consistent with the protons originating from a point source close to the original target surface. These important results indicate that. proton Moire can be used as a high precision diagnostic of proton beam deflections from electric and magnetic fields in plasmas. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Queens Univ Belfast, Dept Phys, Belfast, Antrim, North Ireland. RP Mackinnon, AJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Patel, Pravesh/E-1400-2011; Borghesi, Marco/K-2974-2012; Hicks, Damien/B-5042-2015; MacKinnon, Andrew/P-7239-2014 OI Hicks, Damien/0000-0001-8322-9983; MacKinnon, Andrew/0000-0002-4380-2906 NR 26 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 SI SI BP 1917 EP 1920 DI 10.1063/1.1534900 PN 2 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655BB UT WOS:000181530500121 ER PT J AU Kalantar, DH Bringa, E Caturla, M Colvin, J Lorenz, KT Kumar, M Stolken, J Allen, AM Rosolankova, K Wark, JS Meyers, MA Schneider, M Boehly, TR AF Kalantar, DH Bringa, E Caturla, M Colvin, J Lorenz, KT Kumar, M Stolken, J Allen, AM Rosolankova, K Wark, JS Meyers, MA Schneider, M Boehly, TR TI Multiple film plane diagnostic for shocked lattice measurements (invited) SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUL 08-11, 2002 CL MADISON, WISCONSIN SP Univ Wisconsin Madison, Amer Phys Soc, Div Plasma Phys, US DOE, Off Fus Energy Sci & Defense Sci ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; STRAIN-RATE; CRYSTALS; COMPRESSION; LASER AB Laser-based shock experiments have been conducted in thin Si and Cu crystals at pressures above the Hugoniot elastic limit. In these experiments, static film and x-ray streak cameras recorded x rays diffracted from lattice planes both parallel and perpendicular to the shock direction. These data, showed uniaxial compression of Si(100) along the shock direction and three.-dimensional compression of Cu(100). In the case of the Si diffraction, there was a multiple wave structure observed, which may be due to a one-dimensional phase transition or a time variation in the shock pressure. A new film-based detector has been developed for these in situ dynamic diffraction experiments. This large-angle detector consists of three film cassettes that are positioned to record x rays diffracted from a shocked crystal anywhere within a full pi steradian. It records x rays that are diffracted from multiple lattice planes both parallel and at oblique angles with respect to the shock direction. It is a time-integrating measurement, but time-resolved data may be recorded using a short duration laser pulse to create the diffraction source x rays. This new instrument,has been fielded at the OMEGA and Janus lasers to study single-crystal materials shock compressed by direct laser irradiation. In these experiments, a multiple wave structure was observed on many different lattice planes in Si. These data provide information on, the structure under compression. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Clarendon Lab, Oxford OX1 3PU, England. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. RP Kalantar, DH (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Bringa, Eduardo/F-8918-2011; Caturla, Maria /D-6241-2012; Meyers, Marc/A-2970-2016 OI Caturla, Maria /0000-0002-4809-6553; Meyers, Marc/0000-0003-1698-5396 NR 9 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 SI SI BP 1929 EP 1934 DI 10.1063/1.1538325 PN 2 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655BB UT WOS:000181530500124 ER PT J AU Hansen, SB Shlyaptseva, AS Kantsyrev, VL Fedin, DA Ouart, ND Safronova, UI Fournier, KB AF Hansen, SB Shlyaptseva, AS Kantsyrev, VL Fedin, DA Ouart, ND Safronova, UI Fournier, KB TI Applications of advanced theoretical x-ray L-shell spectroscopy to various plasma and collision experiments SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUL 08-11, 2002 CL MADISON, WISCONSIN SP Univ Wisconsin Madison, Amer Phys Soc, Div Plasma Phys, US DOE, Off Fus Energy Sci & Defense Sci ID FEMTOSECOND LASER-PULSES; OSCILLATOR-STRENGTHS; IONS; EXCITATION; SPECTRA AB The University of Nevada, Reno has developed a collisional-radiative atomic kinetics model that has successfully described the spectra produced by widely different multicharged ion experiments. The application of the model to experiments that highlight the importance of particular kinetics effects, including time-dependence and non-Maxwellian election distribution functions, will be presented. These experiments include ion beam collision and high-temperature femtosecond laser and X-pinch plasma experiments. Adequate descriptions of ion beam collision spectra and x-ray yield require time-dependent treatment of radiative cascades from high-n capture states. Spectra from plasmas with significant fractions of hot electrons, such as those produced by fs lasers and X-pinches, require calculation of hot electron effects on collisional rates. The kinetics model presented here extracts as much information as possible from advanced experimental diagnostics such as time- and space-resolved spectral measurements. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Nevada, Phys Dept 220, Reno, NV USA. Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46566 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Hansen, SB (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Phys Dept 220, Reno, NV USA. NR 17 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 SI SI BP 1943 EP 1946 DI 10.1063/1.1535276 PN 2 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655BB UT WOS:000181530500127 ER PT J AU Shlyaptseva, AS Fedin, DA Hamasha, SM Hansen, SB Harris, C Kantsyrev, VL Neill, P Ouart, N Beiersdorfer, P Safronova, UI AF Shlyaptseva, AS Fedin, DA Hamasha, SM Hansen, SB Harris, C Kantsyrev, VL Neill, P Ouart, N Beiersdorfer, P Safronova, UI TI X-ray spectroscopy and spectropolarimetry of high energy density plasma complemented by LLNL electron beam ion trap experiments SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUL 08-11, 2002 CL MADISON, WISCONSIN SP Univ Wisconsin Madison, Amer Phys Soc, Div Plasma Phys, US DOE, Off Fus Energy Sci & Defense Sci AB X-ray spectra of high energy density (HED) Z-pinch plasmas have been analyzed by means of a comprehensive kinetic modeling. A new diagnostic, x-ray spectropolarimetry, was applied to study anisotropy of Z-pinch plasma. This diagnostic is based on theoretical. modeling of polarization-dependent spectra measured simultaneously by spectrometers with different sensitivity to polarization. Specifically, K-shell emission from Ti X-pinches was recorded simultaneously with identical LiF crystal spectrometers with the dispersion plane perpendicular and parallel to the discharge axis. Spectroscopic results from seven Ti X-pinch shots have been analyzed. Similar K-shell Ti polarization-dependent spectra generated by a quasi-Maxwellian electron beam at, the LLNL EBIT-II electron beam ion trap have been studied. Further, the EBIT-II M-shell W spectra have proved to be important in the development of M-shell diagnostics of HED Z-pinch plasma. The advantages provided by electron beam ion trap data in the interpretation of HED Z-pinch spectra will be presented. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. RP Shlyaptseva, AS (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA. NR 9 TC 15 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 SI SI BP 1947 EP 1950 DI 10.1063/1.1535277 PN 2 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655BB UT WOS:000181530500128 ER PT J AU Welser, LA Mancini, RC Koch, JA Dalhed, S Lee, RW Golovkin, IE Marshall, F Delettrez, J Klein, L AF Welser, LA Mancini, RC Koch, JA Dalhed, S Lee, RW Golovkin, IE Marshall, F Delettrez, J Klein, L TI Processing of multi-monochromatic x-ray images from indirect drive implosions at OMEGA SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUL 08-11, 2002 CL MADISON, WISCONSIN SP Univ Wisconsin Madison, Amer Phys Soc, Div Plasma Phys, US DOE, Off Fus Energy Sci & Defense Sci AB We report here on the processing Of multi-monochromatic x-ray images recorded with the MMI instrument in a series of stable and low-convergence indirect-drive implosion experiments in which Ar-doped D-2-filled plastic shells were imploded with the OMEGA laser system. MMI records numerous narrow-band x-ray images over a broad photon energy range. From these images, specific line- and continuum-based subimages can be extracted A procedure for, processing data from the array of images recorded by MMI was developed and implemented into a convenient interactive data language code. Data from narrow-band x-ray images are critical for diagnosing the spatial structure of ICF implosion cores. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Prism Computat Sci, Madison, WI 53703 USA. Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. Howard Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Washington, DC 20059 USA. RP Welser, LA (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Mail Stop 220, Reno, NV 89557 USA. NR 5 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 SI SI BP 1951 EP 1953 DI 10.1063/1.1535278 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655BB UT WOS:000181530500129 ER PT J AU Cohen, DH MacFarlane, JJ Bailey, JE Liedahl, DA AF Cohen, DH MacFarlane, JJ Bailey, JE Liedahl, DA TI X-ray spectral diagnostics of neon photoionization experiments on the Z-machine SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUL 08-11, 2002 CL MADISON, WISCONSIN SP Univ Wisconsin Madison, Amer Phys Soc, Div Plasma Phys, US DOE, Off Fus Energy Sci & Defense Sci ID PLASMAS; DRIVEN AB We report on. an initial spectroscopic study of low-density, x-ray photoionized neon with x-ray spectroscopy. These experiments, carried out on the Z-machine at Sandia, are optimized to produce a gradient-free, collisionless plasma, and to explore issues related to the rapid x-ray photoionization of relatively cold, low-density plasmas. The initial experiments used time-integrated absorption spectroscopy, backlit by the pinch radiation, to determine the ionization balance in the gas cell. future experiments will use time-resolved spectroscopy in both absorption and emission. The emission spectra are expected to be similar to those seen from photoionized astrophysical sources, such as x-ray binaries. Indeed, in addition to addressing basic plasma and atomic physics issues, these experiments are designed to help the astrophysical community better understand the new, high-resolution spectra being produced by the Chandra and XMM-Newton telescopes, and to benchmark spectral synthesis codes. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Swarthmore Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Swarthmore, PA 19081 USA. Prism Computat Sci, Madison, WI 53711 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Cohen, DH (reprint author), Swarthmore Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, 500 Coll Ave, Swarthmore, PA 19081 USA. OI Cohen, David/0000-0003-2995-4767 NR 6 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 SI SI BP 1962 EP 1965 DI 10.1063/1.1535261 PN 2 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655BB UT WOS:000181530500132 ER PT J AU Beiersdorfer, P Bitter, M May, MJ Roquemore, L AF Beiersdorfer, P Bitter, M May, MJ Roquemore, L TI High-resolution soft x-ray spectrometer for the NSTX tokamak SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUL 08-11, 2002 CL MADISON, WISCONSIN SP Univ Wisconsin Madison, Amer Phys Soc, Div Plasma Phys, US DOE, Off Fus Energy Sci & Defense Sci ID FE-XVII; REFLECTION; RESONANCE; INTENSITY; SPECTRUM; LINES; IONS AB A high-resolution spectrometer for measuring the soft x-ray emission (7-24 Angstrom) has been implemented on the National Spherical, Tokamak Experiment (NSTX). The instrument will be used to study the K-shell spectra of 0, Ne, and Mg as well as the L-shell spectra of Fe and Ni and to calibrate spectral diagnostics of fusion and astrophysical plasmas. The spectrometer employs a spherically bent crystal for dispersion and two microchannel-plate intensified 1D charged-coupled devices for recording the x rays. The temporal resolution is 25 ins per spectrum. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Beiersdorfer, P (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 17 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 SI SI BP 1974 EP 1976 DI 10.1063/1.1535241 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655BB UT WOS:000181530500135 ER PT J AU Bitter, M Hill, K Roquemore, L Beiersdorfer, P Thorn, D Gu, MF AF Bitter, M Hill, K Roquemore, L Beiersdorfer, P Thorn, D Gu, MF TI Results from the National Spherical Torus Experiment x-ray crystal spectrometer SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUL 08-11, 2002 CL MADISON, WISCONSIN SP Univ Wisconsin Madison, Amer Phys Soc, Div Plasma Phys, US DOE, Off Fus Energy Sci & Defense Sci ID HELIUMLIKE ARGON; EXCITED-STATES; TOKAMAK; POPULATION; PLASMA AB A high-resolution x-ray crystal spectrometer has recently been installed at the National Spherical Torus Experiment to record the satellite spectra of helium-like argon, Ar XVII, in the wavelength range from 3.94 to 4.00 A for measurements of ion and electron temperatures, and measurements of the ionization equilibrium of argon, which is of interest for studies of ion transport. The instrument presently consists of a spherically bent quartz crystal and a conventional one-dimensional position-sensitive multiwire proportional counter, but it will soon be upgraded to a new type of x-ray imaging crystal spectrometer, by the installation of a large size (10 cm x 30 cm) two-dimensional position-sensitive detector that will allow us to obtain temporally and spatially resolved spectra from a 80 cm high cross-section of the plasma. In its present configuration, the spectrometer has been optimized for high throughput so that it is possible to record spectra with small statistical errors with a time resolution of 10 ms by adding only small, nonperturbing amounts of argon to the plasma. The spectrometer is most valuable for measurements of the ion temperature in the absence of a neutral beam in ohmically heated and rf heated discharges, when charge exchange recombination spectroscopy does not function. Electron temperature measurements from the satellite-to-resonance line ratios have been important for a quantitative comparison with (and verification of) the Thomson scattering data. The article will describe the instrumental details of the present and future spectrometer configurations and present, recent experimental results. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. MIT, Ctr Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Bitter, M (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 9 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 SI SI BP 1977 EP 1981 DI 10.1063/1.1535242 PN 2 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655BB UT WOS:000181530500136 ER PT J AU Stutman, D Finkenthal, M Moos, HW Fournier, KB Kaita, R Johnson, D Roquemore, L AF Stutman, D Finkenthal, M Moos, HW Fournier, KB Kaita, R Johnson, D Roquemore, L TI Integrated impurity diagnostic package for magnetic fusion experiments SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUL 08-11, 2002 CL MADISON, WI SP Univ Wisconsin Madison, Amer Phys Soc, Div Plasma Phys, US DOE, Off Fus Energy Sci & Def Sci ID SPHERICAL-TORUS-EXPERIMENT; TOKAMAK; PLASMA AB We develop an integrated instrumental and computational package for the diagnosis of impurity content, Z(eff) profile, particle transport, and magnetohydrodynamics activity in magnetic fusion experiment plasmas. The package includes broadband filtered arrays of absolute (AXUV) photodiodes, a transmission grating imaging spectrometer measuring up to 20 chords across the discharge and having a few angstrom spectral resolution, together,kith an atomic physics database coupled with an impurity transport code. The atomic physics database is based on ab initio computations with the Hebrew University Lawrence Livermore atomic code. The package is designed for the diagnostic of sub-keV plasmas having predominantly low-Z impurities (C, B, and O) together with trace metals. A preliminary version is being tested on the National Spherical Torus Experiment spherical torus at the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, using the ultrasoft x-ray. imaging system and a grazing incidence spectrometer. Representative results from non-H-mode, discharges are presented. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Racah Inst Phys, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel. RP Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. EM stutman@pppl.gov RI Stutman, Dan/P-4048-2015 NR 15 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 EI 1089-7623 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 SI SI BP 1982 EP 1987 DI 10.1063/1.1538327 PN 2 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655BB UT WOS:000181530500137 ER PT J AU Blagojevic, B Stutman, D Finkenthal, M Moos, HW Kaita, R Majeski, R AF Blagojevic, B Stutman, D Finkenthal, M Moos, HW Kaita, R Majeski, R TI Imaging transmission grating spectrometer for magnetic fusion experiments SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUL 08-11, 2002 CL MADISON, WISCONSIN SP Univ Wisconsin Madison, Amer Phys Soc, Div Plasma Phys, US DOE, Off Fus Energy Sci & Defense Sci ID SPECTROGRAPH; ELEMENTS AB The Johns Hopkins Plasma Spectroscopy Group is developing a transmission grating based imaging spectrometer for the ultrasoft x-ray [(USXR), 10-300 Angstrom] range. The spectrometer will be integrated into an impurity diagnostic package for magnetic fusion experiments, which provides. time,and space resolved information about radiation losses, Z(eff) profiles, and particle transport. The spectrometer has a simple layout, consisting of collimating and space resolving slits, a transmission grating, and a two-dimensional imaging USXR detector. We tested two types of detectors, a CsI coated multichannel plate and a. phosphor P45 coated fiber optic plate, both with intensified charge-coupled-device image readout. The performance of the 5000 1/mm, 3:4 bar to open area ratio transmission grating has been evaluated in the laboratory using Kalpha lines from a Manson source and the emission from a Penning discharge. A prototype spectrometer equiped with the first type detector and optimized for 6 Angstrom spectral resolution has been tested successfully on the CDX-U tokamak at the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory. A spectrometer using the second detector version has been developed for the NSTX spherical torus at Princeton. Spatially resolved spectra have been recorded with 25-250 ms time integration with both spectrometers. In both experiments, spectra are dominated by low-Z impurities, C, N, and O. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Racah Inst Phys, IL-91905 Jerusalem, Israel. RP Blagojevic, B (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RI Stutman, Dan/P-4048-2015 NR 6 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 SI SI BP 1988 EP 1992 DI 10.1063/1.1538328 PN 2 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655BB UT WOS:000181530500138 ER PT J AU Lee, SG Bak, JG Bitter, M Moon, MK Nam, UW Jin, KC Kong, KN Seon, KI AF Lee, SG Bak, JG Bitter, M Moon, MK Nam, UW Jin, KC Kong, KN Seon, KI TI Imaging x-ray crystal spectrometers for KSTAR SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUL 08-11, 2002 CL MADISON, WISCONSIN SP Univ Wisconsin Madison, Amer Phys Soc, Div Plasma Phys, US DOE, Off Fus Energy Sci & Defense Sci AB Two x-ray imaging crystal spectrometers are presently designed for the KSTAR tokamak. The instruments will provide temporally and spatially resolved spectra of heliumlike argon (or krypton) from a large cross section of the plasma. The spectral data will be used for profile measurements-both within and perpendicular to the horizontal midplane of KSTAR-of the ion and electron temperatures, the rotation velocity, and the ionization equilibrium. Each spectrometer will consist of a spherically bent quartz crystal and large area two-dimensional position-sensitive multiwire proportional counter. The article presents the design for the KSTAR x-ray imaging crystal spectrometers, and the fabrication and initial test results from the large area two-dimensional multiwire proportional counter. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Korea Basic Sci Inst, Taejon, South Korea. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. Korea Astron Observ, Taejon, South Korea. RP Lee, SG (reprint author), Korea Basic Sci Inst, Taejon, South Korea. NR 6 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 SI SI BP 1997 EP 2000 DI 10.1063/1.1535243 PN 2 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655BB UT WOS:000181530500140 ER PT J AU May, M Lepson, J Beiersdorfer, P Thorn, D Chen, H Hey, D Smith, A AF May, M Lepson, J Beiersdorfer, P Thorn, D Chen, H Hey, D Smith, A TI Photometric calibration of an EUV flat field spectrometer at the advanced light source SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUL 08-11, 2002 CL MADISON, WISCONSIN SP Univ Wisconsin Madison, Amer Phys Soc, Div Plasma Phys, US DOE, Off Fus Energy Sci & Defense Sci ID BEAM ION-TRAP; CORRECTED CONCAVE GRATINGS; Z-PINCH PLASMA; X-RAY; ATOMIC PROCESSES; LINE EMISSION; SPECTROSCOPY; FUSION; ENERGY; FE AB The photometric calibration of an extreme ultraviolet flat field spectrometer has been done at the Advanced Light Source at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. This spectrometer is used to record spectrum for atomic physics research from highly charged ions in plasmas created in the Livermore electron beam ion traps EBIT-I and SuperEBIT. Two calibrations were done each with a different gold-coated grating, a 1200 l/mm and a 2400 l/mm, that covered 75-300 Angstrom and 15-160 Angstrom respectively. The detector for this calibration was a back thinned charge coupled device. The relative calibration was determined for several different incident angles for both gratings. Within the scatter of the data, the calibration was roughly insensitive to the incidence angle for the range of angles investigated. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Morehouse Coll, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA. RP May, M (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 19 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 SI SI BP 2011 EP 2013 DI 10.1063/1.1535247 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655BB UT WOS:000181530500144 ER PT J AU Maqueda, RJ Wurden, GA Stotler, DP Zweben, SJ LaBombard, B Terry, JL Lowrance, JL Mastrocola, VJ Renda, GF D'Ippolito, DA Myra, JR Nishino, N AF Maqueda, RJ Wurden, GA Stotler, DP Zweben, SJ LaBombard, B Terry, JL Lowrance, JL Mastrocola, VJ Renda, GF D'Ippolito, DA Myra, JR Nishino, N TI Gas puff imaging of edge turbulence (invited) SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUL 08-11, 2002 CL MADISON, WISCONSIN SP Univ Wisconsin Madison, Amer Phys Soc, Div Plasma Phys, US DOE, Off Fus Energy Sci & Defense Sci ID ALCATOR-C-MOD; SCRAPE-OFF LAYER; PLASMA TURBULENCE; TOKAMAK EDGE; FLUCTUATIONS; TRANSITION; TRANSPORT; TORUS; TFTR AB The gas puff imaging (GPI) diagnostic can be used to study the turbulence present at the edge of magnetically confined plasmas. In this diagnostic the instantaneous two-dimensional (2D) radial vs poloidal structure of the turbulence is measured using fast-gated cameras and discrete fast chords. By imaging a controlled neutral gas puffs of typically helium or deuterium, the brightness and contrast of the turbulent emission fluctuations are increased and the structure can be measured independently of natural gas recycling. In addition, recent advances. in ultrafast framing cameras allow the turbulence to be followed in time. The gas puff itself does not perturb the edge turbulence and the neutral gas does not introduce fluctuations in the emission that could possibly arise from, a nonsmooth (turbulent) neutral gas puff. Results from neutral transport and atomic physics simulations using the DEGAS 2 code are discussed showing that the observed line emission is sensitive to modulations in both the electron density and the electron temperature. The GPI diagnostic implementation in the National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX) and Alcator C-Mod, tokamak is presented together with example results from these two experiments. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Princeton Sci Instruments, Monmouth Jct, NJ 08852 USA. Lodestar Res Corp, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima, Japan. RP Maqueda, RJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Stotler, Daren/J-9494-2015; Wurden, Glen/A-1921-2017 OI Stotler, Daren/0000-0001-5521-8718; Wurden, Glen/0000-0003-2991-1484 NR 20 TC 73 Z9 73 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 SI SI BP 2020 EP 2026 DI 10.1063/1.1535249 PN 2 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655BB UT WOS:000181530500146 ER PT J AU Reich, RK Rathman, DD O'Mara, DM Young, DJ Loomis, AH Kohler, EJ Osgood, RM Murphy, RA Rose, M Berger, R Watson, SA Ulibarri, MD Perry, T Kosicki, BB AF Reich, RK Rathman, DD O'Mara, DM Young, DJ Loomis, AH Kohler, EJ Osgood, RM Murphy, RA Rose, M Berger, R Watson, SA Ulibarri, MD Perry, T Kosicki, BB TI High-speed, electronically shuttered solid-state imager technology (invited) SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUL 08-11, 2002 CL MADISON, WISCONSIN SP Univ Wisconsin Madison, Amer Phys Soc, Div Plasma Phys, US DOE, Off Fus Energy Sci & Defense Sci ID DESIGN AB Electronically shuttered solid-state imagers are being developed for high-speed imaging applications. A 5 cm X 5 cm, 512 X 512 element, multiframe charge-coupled device (CCD) imager has been fabricated for the Los Alamos National Laboratory DARHT facility that collects four sequential image frames at megahertz rates. To operate at fast frame rates with high sensitivity, the imager uses an electronic shutter technology designed for back-illuminated CCDs. The design concept and test results are described for the burst-frame-rate imager. Also. discussed is an evolving solid-state imager technology that has interesting characteristics for creating large-format x-ray detectors with short integration times (100 ps to 1 ns). Proposed device architectures use CMOS technology for high speed sampling (tens of picoseconds transistor switching times). Techniques for parallel clock distribution, that triggers the sampling of x-ray photoelectrons, will be described that exploit features of CMOS technology. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 MIT, Lincoln Lab, Lexington, MA 02420 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Reich, RK (reprint author), MIT, Lincoln Lab, 244 Wood St, Lexington, MA 02420 USA. RI Perry, Theodore/K-3333-2014 OI Perry, Theodore/0000-0002-8832-2033 NR 11 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 SI SI BP 2027 EP 2031 DI 10.1063/1.1535250 PN 2 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655BB UT WOS:000181530500147 ER PT J AU Groth, M Fenstermacher, ME Lasnier, CJ Hernandez, R Moller, JM Sturz, RA AF Groth, M Fenstermacher, ME Lasnier, CJ Hernandez, R Moller, JM Sturz, RA TI Diagnosis of edge localized mode evolution in DIII-D using fast-gated CID and infrared cameras SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUL 08-11, 2002 CL MADISON, WISCONSIN SP Univ Wisconsin Madison, Amer Phys Soc, Div Plasma Phys, US DOE, Off Fus Energy Sci & Defense Sci ID D DIVERTOR; TV SYSTEM AB The tangentially viewing visible and vertically viewing infrared camera systems on DIII-D were upgraded to permit emission measurements during edge localized modes (ELMs) with integration times as short as 1 and 100 mus, respectively. The visible system was used to obtain two-dimensional As integration during various poloidal profiles of CIII (465 nm) and D-alpha (656.3 nm) emission with 20 mus integration during various stages of ELM events in the lower DIII-D divertor. The infrared system was used to measure the heat flux to the divertor targets at 10 kHz with 100 mus exposure. Upgrades to the data processing and storage systems permitted efficient comparison of the temporal evolution of these measurements. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Xybion Elect Syst, San Diego, CA 92126 USA. RP Groth, M (reprint author), Gen Atom Co, POB 85608, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. RI Groth, Mathias/G-2227-2013 NR 5 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 SI SI BP 2064 EP 2067 DI 10.1063/1.1537037 PN 2 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655BB UT WOS:000181530500156 ER PT J AU Colchin, RJ Hillis, DL Maingi, R Klepper, CC Brooks, NH AF Colchin, RJ Hillis, DL Maingi, R Klepper, CC Brooks, NH TI The Filterscope SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUL 08-11, 2002 CL MADISON, WISCONSIN SP Univ Wisconsin Madison, Amer Phys Soc, Div Plasma Phys, US DOE, Off Fus Energy Sci & Defense Sci AB The filterscope is a diagnostic for monitoring visible light emission from plasmas. Light from. a plasma is conducted to the filterscope via optical fibers. This light is split into multiple paths, and optical bandpass filters in each path pass the light from visible wavelengths, including D-alpha, D-beta and various impurities. The filtered light is then detected by compact photomultipliers and the resulting data digitized and stored. Because of the large number of data channels employed, the filters and electronics are designed to be compact. Measured light intensities are absolutely calibrated. Filterscopes are presently employed on the DIII-D, the National Spherical Torus Experiment, and the Current Drive Experiment-Upgrade tokamak plasma devices. (C) 2003 American Institute Of Physics. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. HY Tech Res Corp, Radford, VA 24141 USA. Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. RP Colchin, RJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Klepper, C.Christopher/I-9904-2016 OI Klepper, C.Christopher/0000-0001-9107-8337 NR 5 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 SI SI BP 2068 EP 2070 DI 10.1063/1.1537038 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655BB UT WOS:000181530500157 ER PT J AU Soukhanovskii, VA Roquemore, AL Skinner, CH Menard, J Kugel, HW Johnson, D Maingi, R Sabbagh, S Paoletti, F AF Soukhanovskii, VA Roquemore, AL Skinner, CH Menard, J Kugel, HW Johnson, D Maingi, R Sabbagh, S Paoletti, F TI High-resolution spectroscopic diagnostic for divertor and scrape-off layer neutral and impurity emission measurements in the National Spherical Torus Experiment SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUL 08-11, 2002 CL MADISON, WISCONSIN SP Univ Wisconsin Madison, Amer Phys Soc, Div Plasma Phys, US DOE, Off Fus Energy Sci & Defense Sci ID ALCATOR C-MOD; TOKAMAK; NSTX AB The National. Spherical Torus Experiment boundary physics program presently focuses on edge power and particle flow optimization and control in betagreater than or equal to25% long pulse L- and H-mode plasmas with high harmonic fast wave heating power up to 6 MW and neutral beam injection, power up to 5 MW, with the emphasis on the edge physics implications resulting from the low aspect ratio geometry. To address the particle flux measurements in the divertor and plasma scrape-off layer (SOL), two spectrally filtered one-dimensional charge coupled device cameras have been fielded. The cameras utilize 2048 pixel 12-bit Dalsa CL-C6 arrays, f = 85 mm lenses, and Deltalambda = 1.5 mn bandpass interference filters. Both cameras provide mm, spatial resolution, sub-ms temporal resolution and are spatially and photometrically calibrated. Midplane SOL and divertor brightness profiles of C III and deuterium species have been obtained in the L- and H-mode phases of center stack limited and diverted plasmas. The equilibria reconstructed by the EFIT code are found in agreement with the optical and infra-red measurements. In-out asymmetries in divertor recycling and carbon fluxes have been observed in L- and H-mode plasmas. The analysis of neutral recycling and impurity fluxes using the two-dimensional multifluid code UEDGE is in progress. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. Columbia Univ, New York, NY USA. RP Soukhanovskii, VA (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RI Sabbagh, Steven/C-7142-2011; OI Menard, Jonathan/0000-0003-1292-3286 NR 11 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 SI SI BP 2094 EP 2097 DI 10.1063/1.1537042 PN 2 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655BB UT WOS:000181530500163 ER PT J AU Paul, SF AF Paul, SF TI Real-time plasma rotation diagnostic for measuring small Doppler shifts SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUL 08-11, 2002 CL MADISON, WISCONSIN SP Univ Wisconsin Madison, Amer Phys Soc, Div Plasma Phys, US DOE, Off Fus Energy Sci & Defense Sci ID TOKAMAK AB A noninvasive velocity measurement has been developed for use in high-temperature plasma confinement devices, having particular use where multi-kilohertz measurement of plasma rotation is needed. The most interesting aspect of the technique is that the Doppler shift is determined from the ratio of the light intensity from two detectors rather than by resolving the emission line with a spectrometer. One detector views the plasma through an interference filter whose passband has a negative slope, and the other channel views the identical volume of plasma through a positive-slope filter. The signal ratio varies as the line is shifted across the passbands, but is not sensitive to changes in plasma emission. For interference filters with linear passbands, that is, constant slopes, the ratio is not sensitive to ion temperature, and the shifted wavelength reduces to a simple function of the signal ratio, the channels' relative responsivity, and the two filters' transmission curves. Filters with sharp passband slopes (100%-200% per nm) and approximate to0.1% deviation from linearity have been fabricated. For an uncertainty in the signal ratio of +/-1%, the expected error in the wavelength shift is +/-0.001 nm (Deltav(phi)approximate to +/-1 km/s). (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Paul, SF (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 9 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 SI SI BP 2098 EP 2102 DI 10.1063/1.1537438 PN 2 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655BB UT WOS:000181530500164 ER PT J AU Trabert, E Beiersdorfer, P AF Trabert, E Beiersdorfer, P TI Stovepipe optical setup at the Livermore electron beam ion trap SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUL 08-11, 2002 CL MADISON, WISCONSIN SP Univ Wisconsin Madison, Amer Phys Soc, Div Plasma Phys, US DOE, Off Fus Energy Sci & Defense Sci ID M1 TRANSITION RATES; LINES; CONFIGURATIONS; SPECTROSCOPY; KR22+ AB A fast light-collection system with optical filters for spectral selection has been set up at the Livermore electron-beam ion trap for monitoring highly charged ions by the time dependence of electric-dipole forbidden transitions in the visible spectrum. When switching between the electron and magnetic trapping mode, the system yields measurements of atomic lifetimes in the Many-millisecond range. Moreover, the response is sensitive to the neutral particle density inside the trap volume, where no. vacuum gauge reaches. Hence, measurements of transitions with well-established atomic lifetimes can be exploited for determining the neutral background particle density in the trap. (C) 2003 American Insiitute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Phys & Adv Technol, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. RP Trabert, E (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Phys & Adv Technol, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 20 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 SI SI BP 2127 EP 2129 DI 10.1063/1.1537447 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655BB UT WOS:000181530500171 ER PT J AU Koch, JA Aglitskiy, Y Brown, C Cowan, T Freeman, R Hatchett, S Holland, G Key, M MacKinnon, A Seely, J Snavely, R Stephens, R AF Koch, JA Aglitskiy, Y Brown, C Cowan, T Freeman, R Hatchett, S Holland, G Key, M MacKinnon, A Seely, J Snavely, R Stephens, R TI 4.5-and 8-keV emission and absorption x-ray imaging using spherically bent quartz 203 and 211 crystals (invited) SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUL 08-11, 2002 CL MADISON, WISCONSIN SP Univ Wisconsin Madison, Amer Phys Soc, Div Plasma Phys, US DOE, Off Fus Energy Sci & Defense Sci ID INERTIAL CONFINEMENT FUSION; NATIONAL-IGNITION-FACILITY; MASS OSCILLATIONS; PLASTIC TARGETS; HIGH-ENERGY; PLASMAS; MICROSCOPY AB We have used spherically-bent quartz 203 and 211 crystals to image 4.5- and 8-keV sources in both emission and absorption geometries. These imaging systems are straightforward to align, provide high throughput, and can provide high spatial resolution over large fields of view. We discuss the imaging geometry and alignment strategies, and we present experimental results we have obtained from a 1-ns-duration, multikilojoule laser facility and from sub-ps-duration, ultrahigh-intensity laser facilities. Our successful applications suggest that high-quality, spherically-bent quartz crystals may be used to image at many different x-ray energies due to the numerous diffraction planes available from quartz. This range of usable x-ray energies increases the number of applications that might benefit from high-resolution, high-brightness, monochromatic x-ray imaging using bent crystals. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Sci Applicat Int Corp, Mclean, VA 22102 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Koch, JA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RI MacKinnon, Andrew/P-7239-2014; Cowan, Thomas/A-8713-2011; OI MacKinnon, Andrew/0000-0002-4380-2906; Cowan, Thomas/0000-0002-5845-000X; Stephens, Richard/0000-0002-7034-6141 NR 20 TC 67 Z9 75 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 SI SI BP 2130 EP 2135 DI 10.1063/1.1537448 PN 2 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655BB UT WOS:000181530500172 ER PT J AU Ohdachi, S Toi, K Fuchs, G von Goeler, S Yamamoto, S AF Ohdachi, S Toi, K Fuchs, G von Goeler, S Yamamoto, S CA LHD Expt Grp TI High-speed tangentially viewing soft x-ray camera to study magnetohydrodynamic fluctuations in toroidally confined plasmas (invited) SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUL 08-11, 2002 CL MADISON, WI SP Univ Wisconsin Madison, Amer Phys Soc, Div Plasma Phys, US DOE, Off Fus Energy Sci & Def Sci ID LARGE HELICAL DEVICE AB A high-speed tangentially viewing soft x-ray camera system has been developed and installed on the large helical device (LHD) using a video camera with a. maximum framing rate of 13.5 kHz. Low-frequency activities, for example, structures with toroidal/poloidal mode number n/m = 1/2, are directly detected with this system. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Natl Inst Fus Sci, Toki 5095292, Japan. Forschungszentrum Julich, EURATOM Assoc, Inst Plasmaphys, D-52425 Julich, Germany. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Nagoya Univ, Dept Energy Engn & Sci, Nagoya, Aichi 4648603, Japan. RP Natl Inst Fus Sci, Toki 5095292, Japan. EM ohdachi@nifs.ac.jp NR 13 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 3 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 EI 1089-7623 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 SI SI BP 2136 EP 2143 DI 10.1063/1.1537449 PN 2 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655BB UT WOS:000181530500173 ER PT J AU Pacella, D Pizzicaroli, G Leigheb, M Bellazzini, R Brez, A Finkenthal, M Stutman, D Blagojevic, B Vero, R Kaita, R Roquemore, AL Johnson, D AF Pacella, D Pizzicaroli, G Leigheb, M Bellazzini, R Brez, A Finkenthal, M Stutman, D Blagojevic, B Vero, R Kaita, R Roquemore, AL Johnson, D TI Fast x-ray imaging of the National Spherical Tokamak Experiment plasma with a micropattern gas detector based on gas electron multiplier amplifier SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUL 08-11, 2002 CL MADISON, WISCONSIN SP Univ Wisconsin Madison, Amer Phys Soc, Div Plasma Phys, US DOE, Off Fus Energy Sci & Defense Sci AB An innovative fast system for x-ray imaging has been developed at ENEA-Frascati, Italy, in collaboration with INFN-Pisa, Italy. It is based on a pinhole camera coupled to a micropattern gas detector (MPGD) having a gas electron multiplier (GEM) as amplifying stage. This detector (2.5 cm x 2.5 cm active area) is equipped with a two dimensional readout printed circuit board with 144 pixels (12 x 12). It is able to get x-ray images of the plasma at very high framing rate (up to 100 kHz) in a selectable x-ray energy range, with different magnifications or views of the plasma. The system has been tested successfully on the Frascati Tokamak Upgrade (FTU) during Summer 2001, with done-dimensional perpendicular view-of the plasma. In collaboration with ENEA, the Johns Hopkins University (JHU) and Princeton Plasma Physics (PPPL), this system has been setup and calibrated in the x-ray energy range 3-8 keV and it has been installed, with A tangential view, on the NSTX experiment at PPPL. Time resolved, two-dimensional x-ray images of the NSTX plasma core will be presented, with different magnifications and different orientations of the optical axis of the x-ray pinhole camera. Fast acquisitions, performed up to 50 kHz of framing rate, allow the study of the plasma evolution and the 2D shaping during MHD activity. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 ENEA, Assoc ENEA EURATOM Fus, Frascati, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Pisa, Italy. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Pacella, D (reprint author), ENEA, Assoc ENEA EURATOM Fus, Frascati, Italy. RI Stutman, Dan/P-4048-2015 NR 2 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 SI SI BP 2148 EP 2151 DI 10.1063/1.1537873 PN 2 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655BB UT WOS:000181530500175 ER PT J AU Workman, J Lanier, NE Kyrala, GA AF Workman, J Lanier, NE Kyrala, GA TI Analysis of TiK-shell emission produced from solid targets using nanosecond pulses on the TRIDENT laser facility SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUL 08-11, 2002 CL MADISON, WISCONSIN SP Univ Wisconsin Madison, Amer Phys Soc, Div Plasma Phys, US DOE, Off Fus Energy Sci & Defense Sci ID PLASMA; BRIGHTNESS AB Measurements of Ti He-like x-ray emission (4.75 keV) from solid targets irradiated with nanosecond pulses on the TRIDENT laser facility are examined., Relative x-ray emission and conversion efficiency was measured as a function of laser irradiance conditions using a crystal spectrometer and step-filtered charge coupled device and x-ray film. Data on the x-ray emission with and without random phase plates is presented. Difficulties and caveats in the diagnostic techniques are also presented. Analysis of step-filtered data suggests a high-energy x-ray tail. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Workman, J (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Box 1663,Mail Stop E-526, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 15 TC 9 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 SI SI BP 2165 EP 2168 DI 10.1063/1.1537877 PN 2 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655BB UT WOS:000181530500179 ER PT J AU Lanier, NE Barnes, CW Perea, R Steckle, W AF Lanier, NE Barnes, CW Perea, R Steckle, W TI Feasibility of fluorescence-based imaging of high-energy-density hydrodynamics experiments SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUL 08-11, 2002 CL MADISON, WISCONSIN SP Univ Wisconsin Madison, Amer Phys Soc, Div Plasma Phys, US DOE, Off Fus Energy Sci & Defense Sci ID FACILITY; CHROMATIN; DNA AB Experiments conducted on the LANL Trident two-beam facility show the viability of fluorescence-based imaging as a diagnostic in high-energy-density (HED) hydrodynamics experiments. Passive fluorescence experiments using titanium-pumped scandium-oxide, or iron-pumped manganese-oxide, show that fluorescence emission can be produced at sufficient intensities to be useful. Dynamic. experiments, designed to demonstrate particle tracking in time for particle imaging velocimetry (PIV), were marginally successful in that only very large particulates could be definitively observed. However, our results indicate that experiments conducted on facilities offering-a greater energy would be less susceptible to the limitations confronted in this study and thus, significantly enhance the prospect of PIV as an effective diagnostic tool in HED experiments. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Lanier, NE (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 15 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 SI SI BP 2169 EP 2173 DI 10.1063/1.1537878 PN 2 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655BB UT WOS:000181530500180 ER PT J AU Batha, SH Barnes, CK Christensen, CR AF Batha, SH Barnes, CK Christensen, CR TI Backlighter predictive capability SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUL 08-11, 2002 CL MADISON, WISCONSIN SP Univ Wisconsin Madison, Amer Phys Soc, Div Plasma Phys, US DOE, Off Fus Energy Sci & Defense Sci ID OMEGA LASER AB Correctly predicting the intensity and spatial extent of an area backlighter is important in optimizing the design and analysis of a laser-based experiment. In this work, the spatial extent of an area backlighter is calculated using a view factor code to obtain the laser illumination pattern and then converting to x rays using the measured x-ray conversion efficiency. The view factor model can also be compared to a simple illumination calculation. The models were validated with experiments where five 1-ns-square, OMEGA [Boehly et al., Opt. Commun. 133, 495 (1997)] laser beams containing a total of 1.85 kJ were directed onto Fe or Ti foils. The predicted emission size was, compared to time-gated two-dimensional images, of the Fe emission region or to time-integrated images from both Fe and Ti. The models correctly predict the spatial extent of the emitting region for the first hundred picoseconds. The emission region grows logarithmically with time during the laser pulse; eventually reaching a diameter that is 1.6 times the initial laser spot size. Folding the x-ray conversion efficiency into the calculated intensities allows prediction of backlighter brightness and structure that is useful in optimizing the experimental design. (C) 2003 American Institute Of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Batha, SH (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. NR 8 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 SI SI BP 2174 EP 2177 DI 10.1063/1.1537879 PN 2 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655BB UT WOS:000181530500181 ER PT J AU Kyrala, GA Klare, K Workman, J AF Kyrala, GA Klare, K Workman, J TI Optimizing area-backlighter performance in a difficult geometry SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUL 08-11, 2002 CL MADISON, WISCONSIN SP Univ Wisconsin Madison, Amer Phys Soc, Div Plasma Phys, US DOE, Off Fus Energy Sci & Defense Sci ID OMEGA LASER; RAY AB It is relatively easy to predict backlighter performance when few beams intercept a simple flat target and backlight an optically thin object. However, when faced with a thick target, noncooperating geometry, and multiple objects in the path of the laser beams, it becomes a challenge to find the optimum arrangement to satisfy all these conditions. On Omega, we came up with a unique solution, using more than one coaxial foil to optimize, not only the pointing and focusing, but also the uniformity and flux of x rays on the target using as many of the laser beams as possible. We will describe, the method used, the geometry used, and compare the prediction and the measurement. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Kyrala, GA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Box 1663,Mail Stop E-526, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 SI SI BP 2182 EP 2185 DI 10.1063/1.1537865 PN 2 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655BB UT WOS:000181530500183 ER PT J AU Olson, RE Leeper, RJ Dropinski, SC Mix, LP Rochau, GA Glenzer, SH Jones, OS Suter, LJ Kaae, JL Shearer, CH Smith, JN AF Olson, RE Leeper, RJ Dropinski, SC Mix, LP Rochau, GA Glenzer, SH Jones, OS Suter, LJ Kaae, JL Shearer, CH Smith, JN TI Time and spatially resolved measurements of x-ray burnthrough and re-emission in Au and Au : Dy : Nd foils SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUL 08-11, 2002 CL MADISON, WISCONSIN SP Univ Wisconsin Madison, Amer Phys Soc, Div Plasma Phys, US DOE, Off Fus Energy Sci & Defense Sci ID ROSSELAND MEAN OPACITY; CHARGE-COUPLED-DEVICE; FUSION EXPERIMENTS; RADIATION DRIVE; FRAMING CAMERA; NOVA LASER; PLASMAS; OMEGA; FILM AB In experiments at the Omega laser facility, x-ray framing and streak cameras were used to explore a technique for simultaneously measuring the relative x-ray burnthrough and re-emission properties of pure Au. and high-Z mixture "cocktail" foils exposed to a Hohlraum radiation field. For the Au :Dy:Nd. cocktail used. in these preliminary experiments, the burnthrough measurements indicated a cocktail opacity similar to1.5 times that of pure Au. The x-ray re-emission fluxes from the cocktail and Au appeared to be equivalent. In the future, we propose to use this experimental arrangement to compare the relative x-ray burnthrough and-re-emission properties of other potential wall materials proposed for use in National Ignition Facility Hohlraums. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. RP Olson, RE (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 17 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 SI SI BP 2186 EP 2190 DI 10.1063/1.1537866 PN 2 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655BB UT WOS:000181530500184 ER PT J AU Holder, JP Piston, KW Bradley, DK Bell, PM Dymoke-Bradshaw, AKL Hares, JD AF Holder, JP Piston, KW Bradley, DK Bell, PM Dymoke-Bradshaw, AKL Hares, JD TI Further development of a single line of sight x-ray framing camera SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUL 08-11, 2002 CL MADISON, WISCONSIN SP Univ Wisconsin Madison, Amer Phys Soc, Div Plasma Phys, US DOE, Off Fus Energy Sci & Defense Sci AB High-speed microchannel plate (MCP) x-ray framing cameras are a well established diagnostic for laser plasma experiments. Each frame acquired with these devices requires a separate image, and with most reasonable x-ray optics, a separate line of sight, causing potential parallax problems. Gated image tubes, have a single line of sight capability, but the conventional designs have not been effectively extended to the short gating times of the microstrip MCP camera. A hybrid camera combining image tube and microstrip MCP technology has been under development at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in collaboration with. the University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, and KENTECH Instruments. Characterization measurements using laser generated plasma x rays are presented. Simulations as a guide to improving this hybrid camera are also presented. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Kentech Instruments Ltd, Didcot, Oxon, England. RP Holder, JP (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 5 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 SI SI BP 2191 EP 2193 DI 10.1063/1.1537850 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655BB UT WOS:000181530500185 ER PT J AU Sinars, DB Cuneo, ME Bennett, GR Wenger, DF Ruggles, LE Vargas, MF Porter, JL Adams, RG Johnson, DW Keller, KL Rambo, PK Rovang, DC Seamen, H Simpson, WW Smith, IC Speas, SC AF Sinars, DB Cuneo, ME Bennett, GR Wenger, DF Ruggles, LE Vargas, MF Porter, JL Adams, RG Johnson, DW Keller, KL Rambo, PK Rovang, DC Seamen, H Simpson, WW Smith, IC Speas, SC TI Monochromatic x-ray backlighting of wire-array z-pinch plasmas using spherically bent quartz crystals SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUL 08-11, 2002 CL MADISON, WISCONSIN SP Univ Wisconsin Madison, Amer Phys Soc, Div Plasma Phys, US DOE, Off Fus Energy Sci & Defense Sci ID MASS OSCILLATIONS; PLASTIC TARGETS; DRIVE AB X-ray backlighting systems are being developed to diagnose z-pinch, inertial confinement fusion capsule, and complex hydrodynamics experiments on the 20 MA Sandia Z machine. The x-ray backlighter source is a laser-produced plasma created using the Z-Beamlet laser, a 2 TW, 2 kJ Nd:glass laser recently constructed at Sandia. As an alternative to point-projection radiography, we are investigating a different geometry [S. A. Pikuz et al., Rev. Sci. Instrum. 68, 740 (1997)] that uses spherically bent crystal mirrors to simultaneously obtain high spatial resolution and a narrow spectral bandwidth. Backlighting systems using the Si He-alpha line (1.865 keV) and the Mn He-alpha line (6.15 keV) are discussed. These systems are-capable of spatial resolutions in the 5-10 mum range, a field of view as large as 5 mm by 20 mm, and a spectral bandwidth comparable to the width of the emission line used for backlighting. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Ktech Corp Inc, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. Atom Weap Estab, Reading, Berks, England. RP Sinars, DB (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 19 TC 37 Z9 48 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 SI SI BP 2202 EP 2205 DI 10.1063/1.1537853 PN 2 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655BB UT WOS:000181530500188 ER PT J AU Ruggles, LE Porter, JL Rambo, PK Simpson, WW Vargas, MF Bennett, GR Smith, IC AF Ruggles, LE Porter, JL Rambo, PK Simpson, WW Vargas, MF Bennett, GR Smith, IC TI Measurements of 4-10 keV x-ray production with the Z-Beamlet laser SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUL 08-11, 2002 CL MADISON, WISCONSIN SP Univ Wisconsin Madison, Amer Phys Soc, Div Plasma Phys, US DOE, Off Fus Energy Sci & Defense Sci ID PHOTOGRAPHIC FILMS; DRIVE AB In order to characterize the current backlighting capability of Sandia's Z-Beamlet laser (ZBL) over a range of high photon energies, we measured the x-ray conversion efficiency of the focused 527 nm ZBL beam into 4 - 10 keV x rays from He-like emission of the elements Sc through Ge (excluding Ga). The measurements approximated ZBL's nominal backlighting geometry and laser performance at Sandia's Z soft x-ray facility by irradiating planar foil targets several microns thick rotated 30degrees to the laser beam axis with a 600 ps pulse at 1 TW. The focal spot diameter was about 150 mum. This study includes measurements of the K-shell x-ray spectrum, x-ray power, and x-ray spot size with an array of filtered high-bandwidth silicon diodes, a convex LiF crystal spectrometer, step wedge filtered x-ray film, and a filtered x-ray pinhole camera, We found agreement with previous work for comparable laser parameters and recorded decreasing conversion efficiency versus atomic number and He-like photon energy. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Ktech Corp Inc, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. Atom Weap Estab, Reading RG7 4PR, Berks, England. RP Ruggles, LE (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 20 TC 19 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 SI SI BP 2206 EP 2210 DI 10.1063/1.1537854 PN 2 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655BB UT WOS:000181530500189 ER PT J AU Nash, TJ Chandler, GA Leeper, RJ McGurn, J Jobe, D Torres, J Seamen, J Lazier, S Gilliland, T Nielsen, D Stygar, B Deeney, C Smelser, R Moore, T Pyle, J LePell, PD Coverdale, CA Bailey, JE AF Nash, TJ Chandler, GA Leeper, RJ McGurn, J Jobe, D Torres, J Seamen, J Lazier, S Gilliland, T Nielsen, D Stygar, B Deeney, C Smelser, R Moore, T Pyle, J LePell, PD Coverdale, CA Bailey, JE TI Two-dimensional imaging of radiation temperature in dynamic Hohlraums on Z SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUL 08-11, 2002 CL MADISON, WISCONSIN SP Univ Wisconsin Madison, Amer Phys Soc, Div Plasma Phys, US DOE, Off Fus Energy Sci & Defense Sci AB We present a technique for experimentally measuring two-dimensional radiation temperatures in dynamic Hohlraums on Z. In principle the technique can be applied to any radiation source. Total radiated power from the source is measured by normalizing the area under an x-ray diode signal to energy yield measured by a bolometer. The radiated power as a function of time, which is just the normalized x-ray diode signal, can then be used to normalize gated microchannel plate x-ray pinhole camera images. The procedure is most accurate when the gated x-ray pinhole camera has the same filter as the x-ray diode and when the filter is transmissive near the peak of the Planckian radiation temperature being measured. We present results for two-dimensional radiation temperatures as a function of time for dynamic Hohlraum experiments on Z. In these experiments a z pinch consisting of nested tungsten wire arrays driven by the 20 MA, 100 ns Z accelerator implodes onto cylindrical foam located on axis. X-ray diodes and bolometers located along the axis measure the power radiated along the pinch axis. Pinhole-imaged time-resolved microchannel plate framing cameras located on axis measure the spatial distribution of this radiation. Results from the analysis of many shots taken on Z show that a symmetrical strongly radiating shock wave is launched in the foam. The shock wave stagnates to less than 1 mm diameter with radiation temperatures exceeding 300 eV. Applications for this source include driving inertial confinement fusion capsules within the dynamic Hohlraum and weapons physics experiments that use the dynamic Hohlraum as a radiation source. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Nash, TJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,Mail Stop 1196, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 6 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 SI SI BP 2211 EP 2214 DI 10.1063/1.1537855 PN 2 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655BB UT WOS:000181530500190 ER PT J AU Faenov, AY Pikuz, TA Avrutin, V Izyumskaya, N Shabelnikov, L Shulakov, E Kyrala, GA AF Faenov, AY Pikuz, TA Avrutin, V Izyumskaya, N Shabelnikov, L Shulakov, E Kyrala, GA TI Hard x-ray imaging using free-standing spherically bent crystals SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUL 08-11, 2002 CL MADISON, WISCONSIN SP Univ Wisconsin Madison, Amer Phys Soc, Div Plasma Phys, US DOE, Off Fus Energy Sci & Defense Sci ID NATIONAL-IGNITION-FACILITY; KRF LASER; DIFFRACTION; PLASMAS; MICROSCOPE; TARGETS AB We report the attempt to prepare free-standing spherically bent Si crystals with radii of curvature as small as 30 cm and large uniform working areas up to several cm(2). We also report on the use of these crystals in the Laue geometry to record two-dimensional high spatial resolution x-ray images in the hard x-ray region (lambda similar to 0.5 Angstrom). We discuss how these bent crystals were made, and show how these spherically bent crystals were used in the Laue geometry to obtain hard x-ray images of test objects at the silver K-alpha wavelength at two different magnifications. The mean spatial resolution of this x-ray imaging scheme, determined from the recorded image traces, was found to be better than 10 mum over a field of view of 1.5 X 1.5 mm. Contributions of possible focusing mechanisms (dynamical and polychromatic) are discussed. Additional theoretical understanding of how such a scheme is working is needed. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 VNIIFTRI, Multicharged Ions Spectra Data Ctr, Mendeleyevsk 141570, Moscow Region, Russia. Russian Acad Sci, Inst Microelect Technol, Chernogolovka 142432, Moscow District, Russia. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Kyrala, GA (reprint author), VNIIFTRI, Multicharged Ions Spectra Data Ctr, Mendeleyevsk 141570, Moscow Region, Russia. NR 34 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 SI SI BP 2224 EP 2227 DI 10.1063/1.1537858 PN 2 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655BB UT WOS:000181530500193 ER PT J AU McDonald, JW Weber, F Piston, KW De Dios, EOV Holder, JP Bell, PM AF McDonald, JW Weber, F Piston, KW De Dios, EOV Holder, JP Bell, PM TI Improvements in off-center focusing in an x-ray streak camera SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY JUL 08-11, 2002 CL MADISON, WISCONSIN SP Univ Wisconsin Madison, Amer Phys Soc, Div Plasma Phys, US DOE, Off Fus Energy Sci & Defense Sci AB Due to the planar construction of present x-ray streak tubes, significant off-center defocusing is observed in both static and dynamic images taken with one-dimensional resolution slits. Based on the streak tube geometry, curved photocathodes with radii of curvature ranging from 3.5 to 18 in. have been fabricated. We report initial off-center focusing performance data on the evaluation of these "improved" photocathodes in an x-ray streak camera. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP McDonald, JW (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, L-280, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 2 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 3 SI SI BP 2245 EP 2246 DI 10.1063/1.1538331 PN 2 PG 2 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 655BB UT WOS:000181530500198 ER PT J AU Skukla, MK Lal, R Owens, LB Urikefer, P AF Skukla, MK Lal, R Owens, LB Urikefer, P TI Land use and management impacts on structure and infiltration characteristics of soils in the North Appalachian region of Ohio SO SOIL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE land use and soil management; infiltration; soil bulk density; aggregation; water transmission parameters; soil texture; soil structure; landscape position ID LONG-TERM TILLAGE; ORGANIC-MATTER; NO-TILL; HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; WATER INFILTRATION; EARTHWORM; NITROGEN; POROSITY; MANURE AB Effects of land use and management treatments on soil mechanical and hydrological properties were assessed by analysis of balk and core soil samples and water infiltration measurements in the field, using double ring infiltrometers in five plots located at the experimental farm of the North Appalachian Experimental Watersheds (NAEW) near Coshocton, Ohio. The five treatments were no-till without manure (NTWM), no-till with manure (NTM), no-till corn (Zee mays)-soybean (Glycine max) rotation (NTCSR), conventional tillage (CT), and meadow (M). Treatments significantly influenced water infiltration characteristics, soil bulk density (rho(b)), aggregation, and mean weight diameter (MWD). The maximum cumulative infiltration after 3 h (I) of 109.3 +/- 29.0 cm (average of 9 measurements at 3 landscape positions) was measured for the NTM treatment and the lowest of 27.7 +/- 21.0 cm (average of 3 measurements at shoulder slope or S) for the CT treatment. The infiltration rate at 5 min (i(5)), steady state infiltration rate after 3 h (i(c)) and field capacity water content 24 h after the infiltration (FC) were higher in NTM (1.5 cm min(-1), 0.4 cm min(-1), and 0.35 gg(-1), respectively) than other treatments. The least values of i(5), i(c) and FC (0.4 cm min(-1), 0.18 cm min(-1), and 0.22 gg(-1), respectively) were observed for the CT treatment. Saturated hydraulic conductivity (K.) measured on soil cores was the highest for the NTM (0.29 cm min(-1)) for 0 to 10 cm and NTCSR (0.24 cm min(-1)) for 10 to 20 cm depth. The rho(b) (1.52 g cm(-3) for 0 to 10 cm and 1.62 g cm(-3) for 10 to 20 cm depth) was the lowest and water stable aggregates (WSA) were the highest (WSA of 89% and 63%) for both depths for the NTM treatment. The rho(b) was much higher for the CT (1.75 g cm(-3) for 0 to 10 cm depth) and NTWM (1.77 g cm(-3) for 10 to 20 cm depth) than NTM, NTCSR and M treatments for either depth. The landscape positions did not have a significant influence on soil physical and water transmission properties nor on total biomass. The manuring treatment improved soil aggregation and water transmission properties (NTM > NTWM > NTCSR). C1 Ohio State Univ, Sch Nat Resources, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. USDA ARS, N Appalachian Expt Watersheds, Coshocton, OH USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Skukla, MK (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Sch Nat Resources, 2021 Coffey Rd, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RI Lal, Rattan/D-2505-2013 NR 48 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 16 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0038-075X J9 SOIL SCI JI Soil Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 168 IS 3 BP 167 EP 177 DI 10.1097/01.ss.0000058889.60072.aa PG 11 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 655RF UT WOS:000181565900003 ER PT J AU Karathanasis, AD Thompson, YL Barton, CD AF Karathanasis, AD Thompson, YL Barton, CD TI Long-term evaluations of seasonally saturated "wetlands" in western Kentucky SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID MOLLISOL CATENA; SOILS; MINNESOTA AB A research program was initiated in 1993 to monitor water-table depth, redox potential, and soil matric potential at four sites. The selected sites were woodlands with water tables present at or near the soil surface-during late winter-and spring. Soil morphology was described and permanent monitoring instruments were installed on eight soils. Hydrosequences of three soils, which represented an Endoaquept-Fragiaqualf-Fraglossudalf and a Fraguaqualf-Fraglossudalf-Fraglossudalf sequences, were studied at two sites. An Epiaqualf and a Fragiaqualf were monitored at each of the remaining sites. Six of the eight soils experienced wetland hydrology in most years, while the other two exhibited sporadic saturation events above 25 cm. Saturated conditions occurred mainly in late winter and spring, with longest duration in the lowest landscape positions. On the wettest soils, redox levels <200 mV developed during late winter and continued into the growing season. Of the six soils meeting the hydrology criterion only three experienced both, functional hydric soil conditions (<200 mV redox potential) and exhibited definitive hydric soil indicators. However, hydric soil indicators were also present in two of the three other soils that developed only moderately reduced conditions (<350 mV). In contrasts only one of the six soils with wetland hydrology did not meet the hydrophytic vegetation criterion, while one nonhydric soil met the criterion. The presence, depth, and quality of fragipans appeared to influence the expression of hydric conditions through episaturation, endosaturation, and amphisaturation processes, creating a range of aquic and oxyaquic conditions. These findings emphasize the complexity of seasonally saturated wetland ecosystems and the difficulties in assessing and implementing wetland identification and delineation criteria. C1 Univ Kentucky, Dept Agron, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. RP Karathanasis, AD (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Agron, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. NR 25 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 5 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD MAR-APR PY 2003 VL 67 IS 2 BP 662 EP 673 PG 12 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 653XG UT WOS:000181461900033 ER PT J AU Timusk, T Homes, CC AF Timusk, T Homes, CC TI The role of magnetism in forming the c-axis spectral peak at 400cm(-1) in high temperature superconductors SO SOLID STATE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on High-T(c) Superconductivity CY JUN 07-08, 2002 CL WILLIAMSBURG, VIRGINIA DE plasmon; bilayers; magnetism; superconductivity ID ASTERISK PHASE SMLA1-XSRXCUO4-DELTA; JOSEPHSON PLASMA MODE; T-C; OPTICAL CONDUCTIVITY; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; CUO2 PLANES; SPIN-GAP; CUPRATE SUPERCONDUCTORS; CHARGE DYNAMICS; PSEUDOGAP AB We discuss the peak at 400 cm(-1), which is seen in c-axis conductivity spectra of underdoped high temperature superconductors. The model of van der Marel and Munzar, where the peak is the result of a transverse plasmon arising from a low frequency conductivity mode between the closely spaced planes, fits our data well. Within the model we find that the temperature dependence of the peak amplitude is controlled by in-plane scattering processes. The temperature range where the mode can be seen coincides with T-s, the spin gap temperature, which is lower than T-*, the pseudogap temperature. As a function of temperature, the amplitude of the mode tracks the amplitude of the 41 meV neutron resonance and the spin lattice relaxation time, suggesting to us that the mode is controlled by magnetic processes and not by superconducting fluctuations which have temperature scale much closer to T-c, the superconducting transition temperature. (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 McMaster Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Timusk, T (reprint author), McMaster Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, 1280 Main St W, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada. NR 45 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-1098 J9 SOLID STATE COMMUN JI Solid State Commun. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 126 IS 1-2 BP 63 EP 69 AR PII S0038-1098(02)00666-X DI 10.1016/S0038-1098(02)00666-X PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 655FN UT WOS:000181540800008 ER PT J AU Vajk, OP Greven, M Mang, PK Lynn, JW AF Vajk, OP Greven, M Mang, PK Lynn, JW TI Neutron scattering, magnetometry, and quantum Monte Carlo study of the randomly diluted spin-1/2 square-lattice Heisenberg antiferromagnet SO SOLID STATE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on High-T(c) Superconductivity CY JUN 07-08, 2002 CL WILLIAMSBURG, VA DE insulators; crystal growth; phase transitions; spin dynamics; neutron scattering ID DOPED LA2CUO4; PHASE-TRANSITION; LOW-TEMPERATURES; NONMAGNETIC IMPURITIES; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; CORRELATION LENGTH; TRANSVERSE-FIELD; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; DYNAMICS; ORDER AB We have successfully grown sizable single crystals of La2Cu1-z(Zn,Mg),O-4 with up to nearly half of the magnetic Cu sites replaced by non-magnetic Zn and Mg. Neutron scattering, SQUID magnetometry, and complementary quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) simulations demonstrate that this material is an excellent model system for the study of site percolation of the square-lattice Heisenberg antiferromagnet (SLHAF) in the quantum-spin limit S= 1/2. Carefully oxygen-reduced samples exhibit Neel order up to the percolation threshold for site dilution, z(P) approximate to 40.7%. For z > 10%, the material exhibits a low-temperature tetragonal (LTT) structural phase, with a transition temperature that increases linearly with doping. Above z approximate to 25%, Neel order occurs in the LTT phase. Up to at least z = 35%, the Neel temperature T-N(z) of the experimental system corresponds to the temperature at which QMC indicates that the spin correlations for the nearest-neighbor S= 1/2 SLHAF have grown to approximately 100 lattice constants. Neutron scattering measurements of the static structure factor in the paramagnetic regime allow the determination of the two-dimensional spin correlations, which are found to be in excellent quantitative agreement with QMC over a wide common temperature and doping range. Neutron scattering and QMC results for the temperature dependence of the static structure factor amplitude S(pi,pi) are in good agreement as well. As the concentration of non-magnetic sites is increased, the magnetic correlation length xi(T,z) crosses over from an exponential dependence on p(s)/T to power-law behavior in the temperature regime studied. Fits to a heuristic cross-over form for xi(T,z) allow an estimate of the spin stiffness, p(s) = p(s)(z), which approaches zero at z = z(P). The combined experimental and numerical data presented here provide valuable quantitative information for tests of theories of the randomly diluted S = 1/2 SLHAF. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Stanford Univ, TH Geballe Lab Adv Mat, Dept Appl Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, TH Geballe Lab Adv Mat, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. RP Greven, M (reprint author), Stanford Univ, TH Geballe Lab Adv Mat, Dept Appl Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM greven@stanford.edu NR 71 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-1098 EI 1879-2766 J9 SOLID STATE COMMUN JI Solid State Commun. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 126 IS 1-2 BP 93 EP 101 AR PII S0038-1098(02)00708-1 DI 10.1016/S0038-1098(02)00708-1 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 655FN UT WOS:000181540800012 ER PT J AU Zhang, G Dorris, SE Balachandran, U Liu, ML AF Zhang, G Dorris, SE Balachandran, U Liu, ML TI Interfacial resistances of Ni-BCY mixed-conducting membranes for hydrogen separation SO SOLID STATE IONICS LA English DT Article DE hydrogen separation; mixed conductors; interfacial polarization; composite; electrochemistry ID TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; CELLS AB Accurate determination of interfacial polarization resistance is essential to characterization of solid-state electrochemical systems based on thin-film electrolytes or membranes. In this study, three methods have been used to determine the interfacial resistance of a composite membrane consisting of 40 vol.% Ni and 60 vol.% BaYxCe1-xO3. The interfacial resistances determined from the dependence of hydrogen permeation rate on membrane thickness were similar to those obtained from a combination of gas permeation with impedance spectroscopy (IS), implying that both approaches are applicable to the composite membrane. Results also indicate that the interfacial resistances are much greater than the bulk resistances under the conditions studied. Further improvement of the hydrogen permeation rate thus depends on reducing the interfacial polarization resistance. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Dorris, SE (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, 9700 S Cass Ave,Bldg 212, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Liu, Meilin/E-5782-2010 OI Liu, Meilin/0000-0002-6188-2372 NR 10 TC 34 Z9 36 U1 2 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2738 J9 SOLID STATE IONICS JI Solid State Ion. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 159 IS 1-2 BP 121 EP 134 DI 10.1016/S0167-2738(02)00871-8 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 663DJ UT WOS:000181990700013 ER PT J AU Willson, SM Fossum, AF Fredrich, JT AF Willson, SM Fossum, AF Fredrich, JT TI Assessment of salt loading on well casings SO SPE DRILLING & COMPLETION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2002 IADC/SPE Drilling Conference CY FEB 26-28, 2002 CL DALLAS, TX SP IADC, Soc Petr Engineers ID MODEL AB Assuring the integrity of subsalt wells in the deepwater of the Gulf of Mexico throughout the field's life is a major drilling engineering challenge. The consequences of well failures may result in billions of dollars in remedial costs and lost production. On the other hand, the costs associated with overly conservative well design are significant, which motivates systematic analysis of casing loading for scenarios of interest. Simplified hole-closure and casing-design guidelines for salt, many developed for the western U.S. Overthrust Belt, are not appropriate for the relatively pure, slow-moving halite found along the Gulf Coast. Instead, our work applies knowledge gained by Sandia Natl.. Laboratories from technical research and development (R&D) investigations of the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) and the Strategic Petroleum Reserve (SPR) to determine the magnitude and timing of salt loading on well casings in the Gulf of Mexico. If hole quality can be assured, the analyses presented show that it is not always necessary to cement the casing/borehole annulus through the salt because the subsequent uniform loading is insufficient to substantially deform the casing. This poses no threat to drilling operations or impingement on the inner casing string in the long term and results in considerable cost savings. However, if hole quality is poor, a cemented annulus is necessary, as the cement effectively transforms the potentially nonuniform loading situation into one of uniform loading. Significant benefits can accrue from quantifying the magnitude and timing of salt loading. Difficult cementing jobs and liner tiebacks can be omitted and a more aggressive well design adopted. The simplified well design, and the elimination of potentially troublesome operations, leads to millions of dollars in cost savings in individual wells. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM willsonsm@bp.com; affossu@sandia.gov; fredrich@sandia.gov NR 27 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 3 PU SOC PETROLEUM ENG PI RICHARDSON PA 222 PALISADES CREEK DR,, RICHARDSON, TX 75080 USA SN 1064-6671 EI 1930-0204 J9 SPE DRILL COMPLETION JI SPE Drill. Complet. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 18 IS 1 BP 13 EP 21 PG 9 WC Engineering, Petroleum SC Engineering GA 654QM UT WOS:000181507600002 ER PT J AU Silin, DB Tsang, CF AF Silin, DB Tsang, CF TI A well-test analysis method accounting for pre-test operations SO SPE JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB In recent work, we have extended the classical radial flow model used in a standard pressure drawdown or buildup well-test analysis by incorporating an additional parameter characterizing the pumping rate prior to the test. By this means, we develop an approach for estimating the formation hydraulic properties in the vicinity of the wellbore from regular pumping rate-pumping pressure data. In this paper, the approach is established as a well-test analysis method by accomplishing two steps. First, five parameters, including the reservoir transmissivity, storativity, skin factor, and pre-test pumping rate, are determined from analysis of measured data. Second, the average reservoir pressure and drainage radius are determined from a calculation using parameters obtained in the first part. C1 Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Silin, DB (reprint author), Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU SOC PETROLEUM ENG PI RICHARDSON PA 222 PALISADES CREEK DR,, RICHARDSON, TX 75080 USA SN 1086-055X J9 SPE J JI SPE J. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 8 IS 1 BP 22 EP 31 PG 10 WC Engineering, Petroleum SC Engineering GA 656BQ UT WOS:000181589300004 ER PT J AU Pruess, K Xu, TF Apps, J Garcia, J AF Pruess, K Xu, TF Apps, J Garcia, J TI Numerical Modeling of aquifer disposal of CO2 SO SPE JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID CARBON-DIOXIDE; HYDROTHERMAL SYSTEMS; FLUID-FLOW; TRANSPORT; EQUATION; STORAGE; GASES; SCALE AB Disposal of CO2 from stationary sources (fossil-fired power plants) into brackish (saline) aquifers has been suggested as a possible means of reducing emissions of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. Injection of CO2 into such aquifers would be carried out at supercritical conditions and would give rise to the evolution of a two-phase fluid system, in which most of the injected CO2 will reside in a dense supercritical gas phase, while also dissolving partially into the aqueous phase and reacting with native minerals. This paper presents scoping studies of the amounts of CO2 that can be trapped into the various phases (gas, aqueous, and solid) for a range of conditions that may be encountered in typical disposal aquifers. Our analyses employ a realistic fluid property (PVT) description of brine/CO2 mixtures for supercritical conditions, which takes into account real gas density and viscosity effects for CO2, and includes pressure, temperature, and salinity dependence of CO2 dissolution into the aqueous phase. The fluid property description has been incorporated into a multipurpose reservoir simulator, and has been used to evaluate dynamic effects of CO2 injection into aquifers. A survey of minerals commonly encountered in crustal rocks was made to identify possibilities for chemical sequestration of CO2 through the formation of carbonates of low solubility. We also performed batch reaction modeling of the geochemical evolution of representative aquifer mineralogies. Results indicate that under favorable conditions the amount of CO2 that may be sequestered by precipitation of secondary carbonates is comparable to the amount of CO2 dissolved in pore waters. The accumulation of carbonates in the rock matrix and induced rock mineral alteration caused by the presence of dissolved CO2 lead to a considerable decrease in porosity. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Pruess, K (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 53 TC 101 Z9 106 U1 2 U2 20 PU SOC PETROLEUM ENG PI RICHARDSON PA 222 PALISADES CREEK DR,, RICHARDSON, TX 75080 USA SN 1086-055X J9 SPE J JI SPE J. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 8 IS 1 BP 49 EP 60 PG 12 WC Engineering, Petroleum SC Engineering GA 656BQ UT WOS:000181589300007 ER PT J AU Podobnik, M Weitze, TF O'Donnell, M Kuriyan, J AF Podobnik, M Weitze, TF O'Donnell, M Kuriyan, J TI Nucleotide-induced conformational changes in an isolated Escherichia coli DNA polymerase III clamp loader subunit SO STRUCTURE LA English DT Article DE AAA plus ATPase; clamp loader; DNA polymerase III; gamma subunit; replication factor C (RFC) ID CHROMOSOMAL REPLICATION MACHINE; ONE HOLOENZYME PARTICLE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; DELTA-SUBUNIT; ACCESSORY PROTEINS; MOLECULAR SWITCH; GTP-HYDROLYSIS; SLIDING CLAMPS; GAMMA-SUBUNIT; BETA-CLAMP AB Sliding clamps are loaded onto DNA by ATP-driven clamp loader complexes. The structure of the E. coli clamp loader in a nucleotide-free state has been determined previously. We now report crystal structures of a truncated form of the isolated gamma-ATPase subunit, gamma(1-243), of the E. coli clamp loader, in nucleotide-free and bound forms. The gamma subunit adopts a defined conformation when empty, in which the nucleotide binding site is blocked. The binding of either ATPgammaS or ADP, which are shown to bind with equal affinity to gamma(1-243), induces a change in the relative orientation of the two domains such that nucleotides can be accommodated. This change would break one of the gamma:gamma interfaces seen in the empty clamp loader complex, and may represent one step in the activation process. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Rockefeller Univ, Howard Hughes Med Inst, New York, NY 10021 USA. RP Kuriyan, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM45547, GM38839] NR 53 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 1100 MASSACHUSETTS AVE, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 USA SN 0969-2126 J9 STRUCTURE JI Structure PD MAR PY 2003 VL 11 IS 3 BP 253 EP 263 AR PII S0969-2126(03)00027-3 DI 10.1016/S0969-2126(03)00027-3 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA 655FC UT WOS:000181539800006 PM 12623013 ER PT J AU Shaw, AD Cortez, MM Gianotto, AK Appelhans, AD Olson, JE Karahan, C Avci, R Groenewold, GS AF Shaw, AD Cortez, MM Gianotto, AK Appelhans, AD Olson, JE Karahan, C Avci, R Groenewold, GS TI Static SIMS analysis of carbonate on basic alkali-bearing surfaces SO SURFACE AND INTERFACE ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE SSIMS; ToF-SIMS; polyatomic projectile; alkali particles; carbonates ID ION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ORGANIC ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOLS; SODIUM-NITRATE; AIR-POLLUTION; HANFORD SITE; PARTICLES; EMISSION; PROJECTILES; SPECIATION; MICROSCOPE AB Carbonate is a somewhat enigmatic anion in static secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) because abundant ions containing intact CO32- are not detected when analyzing alkaline-earth carbonate minerals common to the geochemical environment. In contrast, carbonate can be observed as an adduct ion when it is bound with alkali cations. In this study, carbonate was detected as the adduct Na2CO3.Na+ in the spectra of sodium carbonate, bicarbonate, hydroxide, oxalate, formate and nitrite and to a lesser extent nitrate. The appearance of the adduct Na2CO3.Na+ on hydroxide, oxalate, formate and nitrite surfaces was interpreted in terms of these basic surfaces fixing CO2 from the ambient atmosphere. The low abundance of Na2CO3.Na+ in the static SIMS spectrum of sodium nitrate, compared with a significantly higher abundance in salts having stronger conjugate bases, suggested that the basicity of the conjugate anions correlated with aggressive CO2 fixation; however, the appearance of Na2CO3.Na+ could not be explained simply in terms of solution basicity constants. The oxide molecular ion Na2O+ and adducts NaOH.Na+ and Na2O.Na+ also constituted part of the carbonate spectral signature, and were observed in spectra from all the salts studied. In addition to the carbonate and oxide ions, a low-abundance oxalate ion series was observed that had the general formula Na2-xHxC2O4.Na+, where 0 < x < 2. Oxalate adsorption from the laboratory atmosphere was demonstrated but the oxalate ion series also was likely to be formed from reductive coupling occurring during the static SIMS bombardment event. The remarkable spectral similarity observed when comparing the sodium salts indicated that their surfaces shared common chemical speciation and that the chemistry of the surfaces was very different from the bulk of the particle. Copyright (C) 2003 John Wiley Sons, Ltd. C1 Idaho Natl Environm & Engn Lab, Idaho Falls, ID USA. Westminster Christian Acad, St Louis, MO USA. Montana State Univ, Image & Chem Anal Lab, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. RP Groenewold, GS (reprint author), Idaho Natl Environm & Engn Lab, Idaho Falls, ID USA. EM gsg@inel.gov NR 38 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 5 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND SN 0142-2421 J9 SURF INTERFACE ANAL JI Surf. Interface Anal. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 35 IS 3 BP 310 EP 317 DI 10.1002/sia.1534 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 658MR UT WOS:000181725200012 ER PT J AU Scheuring, I Karolyi, G Toroczkai, Z Tel, T Pentek, A AF Scheuring, I Karolyi, G Toroczkai, Z Tel, T Pentek, A TI Competing populations in flows with chaotic mixing SO THEORETICAL POPULATION BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID OPEN HYDRODYNAMICAL FLOWS; AUTOCATALYTIC REACTIONS; SPECIES-DIVERSITY; ACTIVE PARTICLES; EVOLUTION; SCATTERING; COEXISTENCE; DISTURBANCE; BOUNDARIES; ADVECTION AB We investigate the effects of spatial heterogeneity on the coexistence of competing species in the case when the heterogeneity is dynamically generated by environmental flows with chaotic mixing properties. We show that one effect of chaotic advection on the passively advected species (such as phytoplankton, or self-replicating macro-molecules) is the possibility of coexistence of more species than that limited by the number of niches they occupy. We derive a novel set of dynamical equations for competing populations. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved. C1 Eotvos Lorand Univ, Dept Plant Taxon & Ecol, Res Grp Ecol & Theoret Biol, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary. Univ Arizona, Program Appl Math, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Budapest Univ Technol & Econ, Dept Struct Mech, H-1521 Budapest, Hungary. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Eotvos Lorand Univ, Inst Theoret Phys, H-1518 Budapest, Hungary. Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Marine Phys Lab, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Scheuring, I (reprint author), Eotvos Lorand Univ, Dept Plant Taxon & Ecol, Res Grp Ecol & Theoret Biol, Pazmany P Setany 11C, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary. EM shieazsf@ludens.elte.hu RI Toroczkai, Zoltan/A-3421-2008; Karolyi, Gyorgy/A-5073-2008; Scheuring, Istvan/A-5368-2011; OI Toroczkai, Zoltan/0000-0002-6602-2849; Scheuring, Istvan/0000-0002-8108-8897; Karolyi, Gyorgy/0000-0002-1021-9554 NR 45 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0040-5809 J9 THEOR POPUL BIOL JI Theor. Popul. Biol. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 63 IS 2 BP 77 EP 90 AR PII S0040-5809(02)00035-7 DI 10.1016/S0040-5809(02)00035-7 PG 14 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 655WE UT WOS:000181575000002 PM 12615492 ER PT J AU Zangar, RC Woodbury, RL Varnum, SM Covington, CC Smith, RD AF Zangar, RC Woodbury, RL Varnum, SM Covington, CC Smith, RD TI Development of a microarray ELISA for characterizing potential markers of breast cancer in nipple aspirate fluid. SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Nursing, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RI Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012 OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 56 BP 12 EP 12 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518500058 ER PT J AU Morgan, DL Dill, JA Su, Y Westerberg, B Price, HC Shines, CJ Smith, CS AF Morgan, DL Dill, JA Su, Y Westerberg, B Price, HC Shines, CJ Smith, CS TI Evaluation of the chemical and physical properties of cellulose insulation aerosols and the potential acute pulmonary toxicity SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UT SP Soc Toxicol C1 NIEHS, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. Battelle Pacific NW Labs, Richland, WA USA. Man Tech Environm Technol Inc, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 212 BP 44 EP 44 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518500215 ER PT J AU Ress, NB Roycroft, JH Hailey, JR Haseman, JK Chou, BJ Renne, R Dill, JA Miller, RA Bucher, JR AF Ress, NB Roycroft, JH Hailey, JR Haseman, JK Chou, BJ Renne, R Dill, JA Miller, RA Bucher, JR TI Toxic and carcinogenic effects in the lungs of rats and mice exposed to vanadium pentoxide by whole-body inhalation. SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 NIEHS, NTP, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. Battelle Toxicol NW, Richland, WA USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 412 BP 85 EP 85 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518500415 ER PT J AU Adeshina, E Mast, T Moore, N Mahfouz, A Protzel, A Choudhury, H AF Adeshina, E Mast, T Moore, N Mahfouz, A Protzel, A Choudhury, H TI Identifying triazine herbicides on EPA drinking water contaminant candidate list (CCL) for common mechanism of toxicity and cumulative risk assessment SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. Battelle Pacific, Richland, WA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 436 BP 90 EP 90 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518500439 ER PT J AU Wu, H Timchalk, C Kousba, A Poet, TS AF Wu, H Timchalk, C Kousba, A Poet, TS TI Intestinal metabolism of organophosphate insecticides: Potential first-pass metabolism. SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 440 BP 91 EP 91 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518500443 ER PT J AU Talmage, S Rodgers, G Krewski, D Bakshi, K Garrett, R AF Talmage, S Rodgers, G Krewski, D Bakshi, K Garrett, R TI Acute exposure guideline levels (AEGLs) for hydrogen cyanide. SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. Univ Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. Univ Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada. CNR, Washington, DC 20418 USA. US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 774 BP 159 EP 160 PG 2 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518500780 ER PT J AU Bast, C Bress, W Garrett, R Krewski, D Bakshi, K AF Bast, C Bress, W Garrett, R Krewski, D Bakshi, K TI Acute exposure guideline levels (AEGLs) for phosgene. SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. Vermont Dept Hlth, Burlington, VT 05402 USA. US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. Univ Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada. CNR, Washington, DC 20418 USA. RI Bast, Cheryl/B-9436-2012 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 778 BP 160 EP 161 PG 2 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518500784 ER PT J AU Opresko, D Watson, A Still, K Hauschild, V Leach, G Krewski, D Bakshi, K Garrett, R Young, R AF Opresko, D Watson, A Still, K Hauschild, V Leach, G Krewski, D Bakshi, K Garrett, R Young, R TI Acute exposure guideline levels (AEGLs) for sulfur mustard (Agent HD). SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. USN, NHRC, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. USA, CHPPM, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. Univ Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada. CNR, Washington, DC 20418 USA. US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 776 BP 160 EP 160 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518500782 ER PT J AU Watson, AP Young, R Opresko, D Hauschild, V Leach, G Hinz, J Koller, L Bress, W Still, K Krewski, D Garrett, R Bakshi, K AF Watson, AP Young, R Opresko, D Hauschild, V Leach, G Hinz, J Koller, L Bress, W Still, K Krewski, D Garrett, R Bakshi, K TI Acute exposure guideline levels (AEGLs) for nerve agents. SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. USA, CHPPM, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. USAF, AFIERA, Brooks AFB, TX USA. Environm Hlth & Toxicol, Corvallis, OR USA. Vermont Dept Hlth, Burlington, VT 05402 USA. USN, NHRC, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. Univ Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada. CNR, Washington, DC 20418 USA. US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 775 BP 160 EP 160 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518500781 ER PT J AU Young, R Thomas, R Garrett, R Krewski, D Bakshi, K AF Young, R Thomas, R Garrett, R Krewski, D Bakshi, K TI Acute exposure guideline levels (AEGLs) for arsine. SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 INTERCET Ltd, Mclean, VA USA. ORNL, Oak Ridge, TN USA. US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. Univ Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada. CNR, Washington, DC 20418 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 777 BP 160 EP 160 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518500783 ER PT J AU West, JA Horn, BA Lane, TW Fruetel, JA AF West, JA Horn, BA Lane, TW Fruetel, JA TI Identification of biotoxin variants and viral signatures using the hand portable mu ChemLab (TM)/CB detection system. SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 795 BP 164 EP 164 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518500801 ER PT J AU Corley, RA Gies, RA Wu, H AF Corley, RA Gies, RA Wu, H TI Development of a PBPK model for propylene glycol monomethyl ether and its acetate for rats, mice and humans. SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 868 BP 178 EP 179 PG 2 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518500874 ER PT J AU Lewis, KE Woodstock, AD Thrall, KD AF Lewis, KE Woodstock, AD Thrall, KD TI Development of a preliminary physiologically based pharmacokinetic model for 1, 2-diethylbenzene in the F344 rat. SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 Washington State Univ, Energy Pre Serv Teacher Res Fellowship, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Pacific NW Lab, Richland, WA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 871 BP 179 EP 179 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518500877 ER PT J AU Soelberg, JJ Grant, DM Farris, E Weitz, KK Thrall, KD Corley, RA AF Soelberg, JJ Grant, DM Farris, E Weitz, KK Thrall, KD Corley, RA TI Incorporation of age, gender, and species-specific data on the metabolism, protein binding and renal clearance of 2-butoxyethanol and its metabolite, butoxyacetic acid, into a PBPK model. SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA. BIOGEN, Cambridge, MA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 870 BP 179 EP 179 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518500876 ER PT J AU Thrall, KD Weitz, KK Woodstock, AD AF Thrall, KD Weitz, KK Woodstock, AD TI Comparison of the dermal and inhalation routes of exposure on the absorption of toluene in human volunteers. SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 Pacific NW Lab, Richland, WA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 869 BP 179 EP 179 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518500875 ER PT J AU Bhattacharyya, M Regunathan, A Glesne, D Wilson, A AF Bhattacharyya, M Regunathan, A Glesne, D Wilson, A TI Microarray analysis of bone cell gene expression early after cadmium gavage in mice. SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Benedictine Univ, Lisle, IL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 1044 BP 216 EP 216 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518501050 ER PT J AU Adkins, JN Varnum, SP Auberry, KJ Moore, RJ Angell, NH Wunschel, DS Smith, RD Springer, DL Pounds, JG AF Adkins, JN Varnum, SP Auberry, KJ Moore, RJ Angell, NH Wunschel, DS Smith, RD Springer, DL Pounds, JG TI Global proteomics for human blood serum I: Multidimensional separation of peptides coupled with mass spectrometry. SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA. Human Genome Sci, Rockville, MD USA. RI Wunschel, David/F-3820-2010; Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012; Adkins, Joshua/B-9881-2013 OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349; Adkins, Joshua/0000-0003-0399-0700 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 1166 BP 240 EP 240 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518501172 ER PT J AU Hahn, FF Guilmette, RA AF Hahn, FF Guilmette, RA TI Depleted uranium metal implants are carcinogenic in rats. SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 Lovelace Resp Res Inst, Albuquerque, NM USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 1362 BP 280 EP 280 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518501369 ER PT J AU Chin, B Thrall, BD AF Chin, B Thrall, BD TI Induction of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) signaling genes in alveolar macrophages (M phi)after exposure to ultrafine particles (UFP). SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 Battelle Mem Inst, Pacific NW Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 1405 BP 289 EP 289 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518501411 ER PT J AU Schwartz, RE Foureman, GL Timchalk, C Weitz, KK Soelberg, JJ Thrall, KD AF Schwartz, RE Foureman, GL Timchalk, C Weitz, KK Soelberg, JJ Thrall, KD TI Simultaneous analysis of acetone concentration in the nasopharyngeal and exhaled breath of human volunteers. SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 US EPA, NCEA, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. Battelle Mem Inst, Pacific NW Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 1417 BP 291 EP 292 PG 2 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518501423 ER PT J AU Lemus, R Lee, KM Werley, MS AF Lemus, R Lee, KM Werley, MS TI Characterization and validation of a rodent nose-only exposure system for acute toxicity evaluation of polymer and tobacco combustion products. SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 Philip Morris Inc, Richmond, VA 23261 USA. Battelle Toxicol NW, Richland, WA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 1427 BP 294 EP 294 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518501433 ER PT J AU Obot, CJ Fuciarelli, AF Le, MK Westerberg, RB McKinney, WJ AF Obot, CJ Fuciarelli, AF Le, MK Westerberg, RB McKinney, WJ TI Comparative analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid biomarkers in mice following acute cigarette smoke exposure. SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 Philip Morris Inc, Richmond, VA 23261 USA. Battelle Toxicol NW, Richland, WA USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 1428 BP 294 EP 294 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518501434 ER PT J AU Kousba, A Poet, TS Timchalk, C AF Kousba, A Poet, TS Timchalk, C TI Potential utility of saliva biomonitoring for organophosphate insecticide dosimetry and esterase inhibition. SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 1484 BP 305 EP 306 PG 2 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518501490 ER PT J AU Timchalk, C Kousba, A Poet, TS AF Timchalk, C Kousba, A Poet, TS TI Development of a neonatal rat physiologically based pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PBPK/PD) model for chlorpyrifos. SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 1483 BP 305 EP 305 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518501489 ER PT J AU Poet, TS Kousba, A Wu, H Dennison, SL Timchalk, C AF Poet, TS Kousba, A Wu, H Dennison, SL Timchalk, C TI Development of a physiologically based pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic (PBPK/PD) model for the organophosphate pesticide, diazinon. SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 1485 BP 306 EP 306 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518501491 ER PT J AU Kimzey, AL Bollinger, N Shen, S Zangar, RC AF Kimzey, AL Bollinger, N Shen, S Zangar, RC TI Oxidative stress stimulates the formation of cytochrome P450 3A protein conjugation in a process that is inhibited by substrate. SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 1540 BP 317 EP 317 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518501546 ER PT J AU Woodstock, AD Thrall, KD AF Woodstock, AD Thrall, KD TI Evaluation of dermal absorption of aqueous toluene in F344 rats using real-time breath analysis and physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling. SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 Pacific NW Lab, Richland, WA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 1840 BP 379 EP 379 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518501847 ER PT J AU Kania, MR Woodstock, AD Thrall, KD AF Kania, MR Woodstock, AD Thrall, KD TI Dermal absorption of toluene from enamel paint in F344 rats. SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 Univ Washington, Energy Res Undergrad Lab Fellowship, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Pacific NW Lab, Richland, WA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 1851 BP 381 EP 382 PG 2 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518501858 ER PT J AU Reddy, G Allen, NA Major, MA AF Reddy, G Allen, NA Major, MA TI Absorption of 14C-RDX from soils through human SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 US Army Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Hlth Effects Res Program, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 1850 BP 381 EP 381 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518501857 ER PT J AU Gadagbui, BK Simon, TW Pounds, JG Roberts, SM AF Gadagbui, BK Simon, TW Pounds, JG Roberts, SM TI A soil concentration limit for lead based on acute exposure in children. SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology CY MAR 09-13, 2003 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH SP Soc Toxicol C1 Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA. Pacific NW Lab, Richland, WA USA. USEPA Reg 4, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 72 SU S MA 1920 BP 396 EP 396 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 654WB UT WOS:000181518501927 ER PT J AU Shvidler, M Karasaki, K AF Shvidler, M Karasaki, K TI Exact averaging of stochastic equations for transport in random velocity field SO TRANSPORT IN POROUS MEDIA LA English DT Article DE transport; random; velocity; averaging; exact; Gaussian process; telegraph process AB We present new examples of exactly averaged multi- dimensional equation of transport of a conservative solute in a time- dependent random flow velocity field. The functional approach and a technique for decoupling the correlations are used. In general, the averaged equation is non- local. We study the special cases where the averaged equation can be localized and reduced to a differential equation of finite- order, where the problem of evolution of the initial plume (Cauchy problem) can be solved exactly. We present in detail the results of the analyses of two cases of exactly averaged problems for Gaussian and telegraph random velocity with an identical exponential correlation function, which are informative and convenient models for continuous and discontinuous random functions. The problems in which the field has sources of solute and boundaries are also examined. We study the behavior of different initial plumes for all times (evolutions and convergence) and show the manner in which they approach the same asymptotic limit for two stochastic distributions of flow- velocity. A comparison between exact solutions and solutions derived by the method of perturbation is also discussed. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Shvidler, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 23 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-3913 J9 TRANSPORT POROUS MED JI Transp. Porous Media PD MAR PY 2003 VL 50 IS 3 BP 223 EP 241 DI 10.1023/A:1021136708863 PG 19 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 616WB UT WOS:000179325400002 ER PT J AU Shvidler, M Karasaki, K AF Shvidler, M Karasaki, K TI Probability density functions for solute transport in random field SO TRANSPORT IN POROUS MEDIA LA English DT Article DE transport; random; solute; probability density function; density distribution function AB Effective description of flow and transport in irregular porous media, adequate understanding and reliable estimation of the uncertainty, all require stochastic approach. The primary problem is finding the relations between the non- random functionals of the unknown and the given random fields, that is moments, distribution functions, probability density distributions, etc. This paper considers the process of transport of non- reactive admixture in random media and attempts to develop a method for finding the probability density function of the concentration of the solute. We introduce the random functional p( x t; c), the density distribution function (DDF) of the local random concentration c( x t) in the one- dimensional phase space of its possible values c, where parameter x is multi- dimensional vector, and parameter t is time. By using the stochastic transport equation in the ( x t) space, one can write the so- called stochastic Liouville equation for the functional p( x t; c) and this equation bears the form of the transport equation in the ( x t; c) space. The averaging of the new transport equation in the ( x t; c) space leads to equations for P( x t; c) = p( x t; c) -the probability density function (PDF) for c( x t) and the corresponding power moments. We present the analysis examples of PDFs for the concentration c( x t) in several different cases of flow velocity field and initial concentration distribution. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Shvidler, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 11 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 3 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-3913 J9 TRANSPORT POROUS MED JI Transp. Porous Media PD MAR PY 2003 VL 50 IS 3 BP 243 EP 266 DI 10.1023/A:1021129325701 PG 24 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 616WB UT WOS:000179325400003 ER PT J AU Brooks, JA Robino, CV Headley, TJ Michael, JR AF Brooks, JA Robino, CV Headley, TJ Michael, JR TI Weld solidification and cracking behavior of free-machining stainless steel SO WELDING JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE sulfur bearing; stainless steel; laser beam welding; gas tungsten arc; solidification; free machining; cracking ID MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVELOPMENT; SUSCEPTIBILITY; WELDABILITY; ALLOYS; DELTA AB The weld solidification and cracking behavior of sulfur-bearing, free-machining austenitic stainless steel was investigated for both gas tungsten arc (GTA) and pulsed laser beam welding processes. The GTA weld solidification was consistent with that predicted with existing solidification diagrams, and the cracking response was controlled primarily by the solidification mode. The solidification behavior of the pulsed laser welds was complex and often contained regions of primary ferrite and primary austenite solidification, although in all cases the welds were found to be completely austenite at room temperature. Electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) pattern analysis indicated the nature of the base metal at the time of solidification plays a primary role in initial solidification. The solid-state transformation of austenite to ferrite at the fusion zone boundary and ferrite to austenite on cooling may both be massive in nature. A range of alloy compositions that exhibited good resistance to solidification cracking and was compatible with both welding processes was identified. The compositional range is bounded by laser weldability at lower Cr-eq/Ni-eq ratios and by the GTA weldability at higher ratios. It was found with both processes that the limiting ratios were somewhat dependent upon sulfur content. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM USA. RP Brooks, JA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 52 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER WELDING SOC PI MIAMI PA 550 N W LEJEUNE RD, MIAMI, FL 33126 USA SN 0043-2296 J9 WELD J JI Weld. J. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 82 IS 3 BP 51S EP 64S PG 14 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 746VJ UT WOS:000186768100008 ER PT J AU Uda, M Yamamoto, T Ogyu, Y Yamashita, D Perera, RCC Mukoyama, T AF Uda, M Yamamoto, T Ogyu, Y Yamashita, D Perera, RCC Mukoyama, T TI Evolution of KL satellite of F in CaF2 SO X-RAY SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-SATELLITES; CUKH-ALPHA(1,2) HYPERSATELLITES; ATOMIC EXCITATION; METAL FLUORIDES; THRESHOLD; ALPHA; IONIZATION; SPECTRA; SATURATION; ABSORPTION AB Photoexcited F Kalpha satellite spectra of CaF2 were studied as a function of excitation energy from threshold. The observed spectra show that the intensity evolution of the KL satellite line is not a monotonic function increasing with excitation energy, in contrast to the prediction from the conventional shake model, but has a small bump. Comparison with the Hartree-Fock calculations indicates that the origin of the bump can be ascribed to resonances of multi-electron excitation processes in photoabsorption. Copyright (C) 2003 John Wiley Sons, Ltd. C1 Waseda Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1698555, Japan. Waseda Univ, Mat Sci & Technol Lab, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1690051, Japan. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Kansai Gaidai Univ, Hirakata, Osaka 5731001, Japan. RP Uda, M (reprint author), Waseda Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1698555, Japan. EM muda@mn.waseda.ac.jp NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND SN 0049-8246 J9 X-RAY SPECTROM JI X-Ray Spectrom. PD MAR-APR PY 2003 VL 32 IS 2 BP 89 EP 92 DI 10.1002/xrs.607 PG 4 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA 660RV UT WOS:000181847600003 ER PT J AU Owen, LA Ma, HZ Derbyshire, E Spencer, JQ Barnard, PL Nian, ZY Finkel, RC Caffee, MW AF Owen, LA Ma, HZ Derbyshire, E Spencer, JQ Barnard, PL Nian, ZY Finkel, RC Caffee, MW TI The timing and style of Late Quaternary glaciation in the La Ji Mountains, NE Tibet: evidence for restricted glaciation during the latter part of the Last Glacial SO ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GEOMORPHOLOGIE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Geomorphology CY AUG, 2001 CL TOKYO, JAPAN SP Int Assoc Geomorphologists, Japanese Geomorphol Union, Chuo Univ ID INDIAN MONSOON RAINFALL; EURASIAN SNOW COVER; LATE PLEISTOCENE; ICE-CORE; APPARENT RELATIONSHIP; HIMALAYAN GLACIATION; SUMMER MONSOON; SIERRA-NEVADA; BE-10; MAXIMUM AB Moraine successions along the northern margins of the La Ji Mountains at the northeastern edge of the Tibetan plateau were mapped and dated using cosmogenic radionuclides (CRN). The glacial geologic evidence and the CRN dating show that glaciers existed in this marginal region of Tibet during the latter part of the global Last Glacial Maximum and during the Lateglacial. These data suggest that temperatures were low enough and/or monsoon precipitation was sufficiently high to support one or more limited glacial advances between similar to20 and 10 ka. Nevertheless glaciation was limited to glaciers of < 10 km in length and the estimated ELA depression was similar to800 m. These results confirm studies throughout other regions of Tibet and the Himalaya that show that glaciation was restricted during the latter part of the Last Glacial. C1 Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Earth Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Saline Lakes, Xining, Qinghai, Peoples R China. Univ London Royal Holloway & Bedford New Coll, Quaternary Res Ctr, Dept Geog, Egham TW20 0EX, Surrey, England. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Owen, LA (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Earth Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. RI Caffee, Marc/K-7025-2015 OI Caffee, Marc/0000-0002-6846-8967 NR 31 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 4 PU GEBRUDER BORNTRAEGER PI STUTTGART PA JOHANNESSTR 3A, D-70176 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0372-8854 J9 Z GEOMORPHOL JI Z. Geomorphol. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 47 SU S BP 263 EP 276 PG 14 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA 888PM UT WOS:000226386700016 ER PT J AU Rauch, N Saiz, E Tomsia, AP AF Rauch, N Saiz, E Tomsia, AP TI Spreading of liquid Ag and Ag-Mo alloys on molybdenum substrates SO ZEITSCHRIFT FUR METALLKUNDE LA English DT Article DE wetting; spreading; interface; Ag-Mo system ID DYNAMICS; KINETICS; SURFACE; DROPS AB The spreading of liquid Ag and Ag-Mo alloys on molybdenum substrates has been studied, using a drop-transfer setup. Even though initial spreading velocities as fast as approximate to 1 m/s have been recorded in some experiments, a large variation in the spreading dynamics has been observed, and there is no unique relationship between the contact angle and the spreading velocity. This can be attributed to the formation of ridges at the triple junction, the movement of which controls spreading. The fastest spreading rates are consistent with results reported for low-temperature liquids; these can be described, using a molecular-kinetic model. Spreading kinetics and final contact angles were similar for pure Ag and A-Mo liquids. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, MSD Bldg 62, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM aptomsia@lbl.gov NR 24 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 10 PU CARL HANSER VERLAG PI MUNICH PA KOLBERGERSTRASSE 22, POSTFACH 86 04 20, D-81679 MUNICH, GERMANY SN 0044-3093 J9 Z METALLKD JI Z. Metallk. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 94 IS 3 BP 233 EP 237 PG 5 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 810II UT WOS:000220697600013 ER PT J AU Schuh, CA Kumar, M King, WE AF Schuh, CA Kumar, M King, WE TI Connectivity of CSL grain boundaries and the role of deviations from exact coincidence SO ZEITSCHRIFT FUR METALLKUNDE LA English DT Article DE grain boundary network connectivity; coincidence; site lattice model; Brandon criterion; Palumbo-Aust criterion ID INTERGRANULAR CORROSION; CHARACTER-DISTRIBUTION; POLYCRYSTALS; DISTRIBUTIONS; EVOLUTION; FRACTURE; DESIGN; NICKEL AB The practical classification of grain boundaries as coincidence site lattice (CSL) boundaries requires the use of an acceptance criterion, of which the classical Brandon criterion is the most commonly used. In this work, we consider the role of the acceptance criterion on the grain boundary character distribution, triple junction distribution, and the boundary clustering behavior in nine experimental microstructures. The Brandon criterion is directly compared with the Palumbo-Aust criterion, which is more restrictive in the allowable deviations from exact CSL misorientation. Although the latter criterion causes changes in the CSL fraction, the triple junction distributions, and the cluster characteristics of the experimental microstructures, these changes are all mutually commensurate. The essential features of boundary connectivity are therefore not fundamentally affected by the choice of a CSL acceptance criterion. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Kumar, M (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave,M-S L-356, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM mukul@llnl.gov RI Schuh, Christopher/C-7947-2009 NR 36 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU CARL HANSER VERLAG PI MUNICH PA KOLBERGERSTRASSE 22, POSTFACH 86 04 20, D-81679 MUNICH, GERMANY SN 0044-3093 J9 Z METALLKD JI Z. Metallk. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 94 IS 3 BP 323 EP 328 PG 6 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 810II UT WOS:000220697600026 ER PT J AU Campbell, GH Kumar, M AF Campbell, GH Kumar, M TI Effect of laser shock processing on the microstructure and mechanical properties of pure Cu SO ZEITSCHRIFT FUR METALLKUNDE LA English DT Article DE laser processing; shocks; mechanical properties; transmission electron microscopy ID DEFORMATION; EVOLUTION AB Pure annealed Cu was subjected to shocks produced by a high power laser, producing shock pressures of about 5 GPa. The shock waves traveled through the 1 mm thick specimens. The shocks were found to modify the microstructure of the metal primary through the introduction of a large concentration of dislocations. The mechanical properties of the shock processed Cu were measured by tensile testing and compared to the unshocked material. The shock processing causes an increase in the yield stress, a decrease in the initial work hardening rate, and a decrease in the strain to failure. The deformation microstructures were characterized and found to be consistent with the observed mechanical behavior. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Mat Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Campbell, GH (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Mailstop L-356,POB 808, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM ghcampbell@llnl.gov RI Campbell, Geoffrey/F-7681-2010 NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU CARL HANSER VERLAG PI MUNICH PA KOLBERGERSTRASSE 22, POSTFACH 86 04 20, D-81679 MUNICH, GERMANY SN 0044-3093 J9 Z METALLKD JI Z. Metallk. PD MAR PY 2003 VL 94 IS 3 BP 329 EP 332 PG 4 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 810II UT WOS:000220697600027 ER PT J AU Settersten, TB Farrow, RL Gray, JA AF Settersten, TB Farrow, RL Gray, JA TI Infrared-ultraviolet double-resonance spectroscopy of OH in a flame SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE; ROTATIONAL ENERGY-TRANSFER; POLARIZATION SPECTROSCOPY; INDUCED GRATINGS; 2-COLOR; DEPENDENCE; DIAGNOSTICS; INTENSITY; NH AB We have experimentally investigated three types of two-color techniques for the detection of the hydroxyl radical using an infrared laser to pump individual ground-state rovibrational transitions and an ultraviolet laser to probe electronic transitions from the pumped intermediate levels. Signal scaling relations and saturation studies are compared for the following techniques: two-color laser-induced fluorescence (TC-LIF), polarization spectroscopy (TC-PS), and resonant four-wave mixing (TC-RFWM). Collisional effects are observed, but the time resolution set by the 1.5-ns laser pulses is not sufficient to determine state-to-state energy transfer rates in an atmospheric pressure flame. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Ohio No Univ, Dept Chem, Ada, OH 45810 USA. RP Settersten, TB (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, POB 969,MS 9065, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RI Settersten, Thomas/B-3480-2009 OI Settersten, Thomas/0000-0002-8017-0258 NR 29 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 28 PY 2003 VL 369 IS 5-6 BP 584 EP 590 DI 10.1016/S0009-2614(03)00022-8 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 647EG UT WOS:000181079000011 ER PT J AU Orlandini, KA Bowling, JK Pinder, JE Penrose, WR AF Orlandini, KA Bowling, JK Pinder, JE Penrose, WR TI Y-90-Sr-90 disequilibrium in surface waters: investigating short-term particle dynamics by using a novel isotope pair SO EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS LA English DT Article DE radiochemistry; isotope chronometers; Y-90/Sr-90 disequilibria; scavenging coefficients; particle dynamics ID MONOMICTIC RESERVOIR; CONTINENTAL-SHELF; RESIDENCE TIME; TH-234; LAKE; SEA; SEDIMENTATION; RADIONUCLIDES; PLUTONIUM; ACTINIDES AB We demonstrate the use of the disequilibrium between Sr-90 (t(1/2) = 29.1 yr) and its particle-reactive daughter Y-90 (t(1/2) = 64 h) to estimate particle removal rates and settling velocities in the epilimnion of a freshwater lake during varying conditions of stratification caused by seasonal changes. The estimated rates of removal obtained from the Sr-90-Y-90 disequilibrium showed good agreement with (a) measured rates of mass removal obtained from settling particle fluxes in sediment traps and the inventories of suspended material and (b) independently obtained removal coefficients for the scavenging behavior of two different isotopes of particle-reactive plutonium, present in the water column because of different processes. Because Sr-90 is widespread and readily measurable in freshwater systems as a result of fallout from nuclear weapons testing, the Sr-90-Y-90 disequilibrium is a potentially valuable resource for examining particle dynamics in surface waters. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science BY. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Res, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Procter & Gamble Co, Environm Safety Dept, Milford, OH 45150 USA. Colorado State Univ, Dept Radiol Hlth Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. IIT, Biol Chem & Phys Sci Dept, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. RP Orlandini, KA (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Res, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 34 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0012-821X J9 EARTH PLANET SC LETT JI Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. PD FEB 28 PY 2003 VL 207 IS 1-4 BP 141 EP 150 DI 10.1016/S0012-821X(02)01096-8 PG 10 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 657JA UT WOS:000181661700011 ER PT J AU Gritti, F Gotmar, G Stanley, BJ Guiochon, G AF Gritti, F Gotmar, G Stanley, BJ Guiochon, G TI Determination of single component isotherms and affinity energy distribution by chromatography SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article DE adsorption isotherms; frontal analysis; adsorption energy distributions; mathematical modelling; caffeine; phenols ID PHASE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; EXPECTATION-MAXIMIZATION; FREUNDLICH ISOTHERM; FINITE-ELEMENTS; BAND PROFILES; ADSORPTION; RETENTION; COLUMNS; SILICA AB Adsorption isotherm data were acquired by frontal analysis (FA) and large sample-size band profiles were recorded for phenol and caffeine. For both compounds, the isotherm data fit well to the Langmuir, Toth, and Bi-Langmuir models of adsorption. The Langmuir model must be dismissed because it does not predict accurately the overloaded band profiles. However, profiles calculated using the unimodal Toth and the bimodal Bi-Langmuir models are indistinguishable. The expectation-maximization procedure was used to calculate directly the affinity energy distribution (AED) from the raw FA data points. For both compounds, the AED converges to a bimodal distribution at high numbers of iterations. This result, which shows the high sensitivity of the EM method, suggest that the Bi-Langmuir model makes better physical sense than the Toth model. This model also permits a detailed investigation of the properties of active sites, a feature often evoked in chromatography but so far rarely the topic of a quantitative investigation. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN USA. Calif State Univ San Bernardino, Dept Chem, San Bernardino, CA 92407 USA. RP Guiochon, G (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. NR 38 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 2 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD FEB 28 PY 2003 VL 988 IS 2 BP 185 EP 203 DI 10.1016/S0021-9673(02)02084-8 PG 19 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 650EY UT WOS:000181251000003 PM 12641156 ER PT J AU Liu, XD Szabelski, P Kacmarski, K Zhou, DM Guiochon, G AF Liu, XD Szabelski, P Kacmarski, K Zhou, DM Guiochon, G TI Influence of pressure on the chromatographic behavior of insulin variants under nonlinear conditions SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article DE pressure-induced retention; pore diffusion; nonlinear chromatography; adsorption isotherms; insulin ID PHASE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; MAGNETIC-RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY; ADSORPTION EQUILIBRIUM; PROTEIN-STRUCTURE; SOLUTE RETENTION; MODIFIED SILICA; BAND PROFILES; BETA-BLOCKERS; DYNAMICS; EXCHANGE AB The effect of pressure on the chromatographic behavior of two insulin variants in RPLC was investigated on a YMC-ODS C(18) column, under nonlinear conditions. The adsorption isotherm data of porcine insulin and Lispro were measured at average column pressures ranging from 52 to 242 bar. These data fit well to the Toth and the bi-Langmuir isotherm models. The saturation capacity increases rapidly with increasing pressure while the affinity (or equilibrium) constant and the parameter characterizing the surface heterogeneity decrease. It is noteworthy that the distribution coefficient of the insulin variants increases with increasing pressure whereas their equilibrium constant b decreases for porcine insulin and increases for Lispro. The association constant b(ds), which characterizes the adsorption and desorption equilibrium of insulin in the system, increases with increasing pressure. The excellent agreement between the experimental overloaded profiles recorded under different pressures and those calculated using the POR model suggests that the chromatographic behavior of insulin is controlled more by equilibrium thermodynamics than by the mass transfer kinetics. The latter seems to be nearly independent of the average column pressure. Thus, increasing the average column pressure is an efficient, albeit costly, way to increase the loading capacity of the column, hence the production rate in preparative chromatography. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN USA. Rzeszow Univ Technol, Fac Chem, PL-35959 Rzeszow, Poland. RP Guiochon, G (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Buchler Hall, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM guiochon@novell.chem.utk.edu NR 55 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 2 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD FEB 28 PY 2003 VL 988 IS 2 BP 205 EP 218 DI 10.1016/S0021-9673(03)00002-5 PG 14 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 650EY UT WOS:000181251000004 PM 12641157 ER PT J AU Protopopescu, V Perez, R D'Helon, C Schmulen, J AF Protopopescu, V Perez, R D'Helon, C Schmulen, J TI Robust control of decoherence in realistic one-qubit quantum gates SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A-MATHEMATICAL AND GENERAL LA English DT Article ID MACROSCOPIC COHERENCE; FEEDBACK; SYSTEMS; DISSIPATION; SUPPRESSION; SUBSYSTEMS; COMPUTERS AB We present an open-loop (bang-bang) scheme to control decoherence in a generic one-qubit quantum gate and implement it in a realistic simulation. The system is consistently described within the spin-boson model, with interactions accounting for both adiabatic and thermal decoherence. The external control is included from the beginning in the Hamiltonian as an independent interaction term. After tracing out the environment modes, reduced equations are obtained for the two-level system in which the effects of both decoherence and external control appear explicitly. The controls are determined exactly from the condition to eliminate decoherence, i.e. to restore unitarity. Numerical simulations show excellent performance and robustness of the proposed control scheme. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Engn Syst Adv Res, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Protopopescu, V (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Engn Syst Adv Res, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 36 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0305-4470 J9 J PHYS A-MATH GEN JI J. Phys. A-Math. Gen. PD FEB 28 PY 2003 VL 36 IS 8 BP 2175 EP 2189 AR PII S0305-4470(03)55813-9 DI 10.1088/0305-4470/36/8/314 PG 15 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 659ZA UT WOS:000181808200017 ER PT J AU Micic, M Radotic, K Jeremic, M Leblanc, RM AF Micic, M Radotic, K Jeremic, M Leblanc, RM TI Study of self-assembly of the lignin model compound on cellulose model substrate SO MACROMOLECULAR BIOSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE biopolymers; dehydrogenation; environmental scanning electron microscopy; (ESEM); lignin; supramolecular structures ID SCANNING PROBE MICROSCOPY; ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; PLANT-CELL-WALL; SUPRAMOLECULAR STRUCTURES; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; RAMAN MICROPROBE; KRAFT PULP; FILMS; ORGANIZATION; BIOSYNTHESIS AB Full Paper: Herein we report a topographical study of the supramolecular organization of enzymatically polymerized lignin model compound - dehydrogenative polymer (DHP) of coniferyl alcohol - on cellulose substrate, using the Environmental Scanning Electron microscope (ESM) technique. A comparison of deposits obtained by bulk polymerization in solution and direct polymerization in the presence of cellulose substrate shows distinct differences in supramolecular organization organization. DHP polymerized in solution expresses a 3-D structure with short range ordered motifs, while the polymer formed in the presence of cellulose substrate arranges in a layer compact structure consisting of several domains. Such structures could be described as a two-dimensional hexagonal close packed lattice (HCPL), with the dimension of unit cell in 1 mum range. The domains have a quite regular structure with few lattice defects, forming a good example of two dimensional colloidal crystal. The growth of DHP globules and their assembly into supramolecular structures are integrated in terms of cooperative electrostatic interaction of polymer precursors, with a framework of cellulose OH groups, and interfacial interactions (hydrophilic/hydrophobic) in the course of the structure growth. The results strongly suggest that the carbohydrate matrix in plant cells can serve as a template for lignin structure formation in the plant cell wall. C1 Univ Miami, Dept Chem, Ctr Supramol Sci, Coral Gables, FL 33146 USA. Univ Miami, Dept Chem, Ctr Adv Microscopy, Coral Gables, FL 33146 USA. Univ Belgrade, Ctr Multidisciplinary Studies, YU-11000 Belgrade, Serbia Monteneg. Univ Belgrade, Fac Phys Chem, YU-11001 Belgrade, Serbia Monteneg. RP Micic, M (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, M-S K8-88,POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM rml@miami.edu NR 33 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 19 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1616-5187 J9 MACROMOL BIOSCI JI Macromol. Biosci. PD FEB 28 PY 2003 VL 3 IS 2 BP 100 EP 106 DI 10.1002/mabi.200390011 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Materials Science, Biomaterials; Polymer Science SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Materials Science; Polymer Science GA 664DW UT WOS:000182047300003 ER PT J AU Pearton, SJ Abernathy, CR Norton, DP Hebard, AF Park, YD Boatner, LA Budai, JD AF Pearton, SJ Abernathy, CR Norton, DP Hebard, AF Park, YD Boatner, LA Budai, JD TI Advances in wide bandgap materials for semiconductor spintronics SO MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING R-REPORTS LA English DT Review DE wide bandgap materials; semiconductor; spintronics ID ELECTRICAL SPIN INJECTION; MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; ROOM-TEMPERATURE FERROMAGNETISM; DILUTED MAGNETIC SEMICONDUCTORS; ABSORPTION FINE-STRUCTURE; III-V SEMICONDUCTORS; TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; THIN-FILMS; DOPED ZNO; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES AB Existing semiconductor electronic and photonic devices utilize the charge on electrons and holes in order to perform their specific functionality such as signal processing or light emission. The relatively new field of semiconductor spintronics seeks, in addition, to exploit the spin of charge carriers in new generations of transistors, lasers and integrated magnetic sensors. The ability to control of spin injection, transport and detection leads to the potential for new classes of ultra-low power, high speed memory, logic and photonic devices. The utility of such devices depends on the availability of materials with practical (>300 K) magnetic ordering temperatures. In this paper, we summarize recent progress in dilute magnetic semiconductors (DMS) such as (Ga, Mn)N, (Ga, Mn)P, (Zn, Mn)O and (Zn, Mn)SiGeN2 exhibiting room temperature ferromagnetism, the origins of the magnetism and its potential applications in novel devices such as spin-polarized light emitters and spin field effect transistors. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Phys, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Seoul Natl Univ, Ctr Strongly Correlated Mat Res, Seoul 151747, South Korea. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37813 USA. RP Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, POB 116400,100 Rhines Hall, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM spear@mse.ufl.edu RI Park, Yun/A-9559-2008; Boatner, Lynn/I-6428-2013; Budai, John/R-9276-2016 OI Park, Yun/0000-0001-7699-0432; Boatner, Lynn/0000-0002-0235-7594; Budai, John/0000-0002-7444-1306 NR 142 TC 333 Z9 335 U1 20 U2 108 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0927-796X EI 1879-212X J9 MAT SCI ENG R JI Mater. Sci. Eng. R-Rep. PD FEB 28 PY 2003 VL 40 IS 4 BP 137 EP 168 AR PII S0927-796X(02)00136-5 DI 10.1016/S0927-796X(02)00136-5 PG 32 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 654RF UT WOS:000181509300001 ER PT J AU Tamura, H Ajimura, S Akikawa, H Alburger, DE Banu, A Chrien, RE Eugenio, P Franklin, GB Franz, J Gan, L Hashimoto, O Hayakawa, T Hotchi, H Imai, K Kishimoto, T Khaustov, P May, M Minami, S Miura, Y Miyoshi, T Mizunuma, K Nagae, T Nakamura, SN Nakazawa, K Okayasu, Y Pile, PH Quinn, BP Rusek, A Sasao, J Sato, Y Sawafta, R Schmitt, H Sutter, R Takahashi, H Tang, L Tanida, K Ukai, M Yuan, L Zhou, SH Zhu, LH Zhu, XF AF Tamura, H Ajimura, S Akikawa, H Alburger, DE Banu, A Chrien, RE Eugenio, P Franklin, GB Franz, J Gan, L Hashimoto, O Hayakawa, T Hotchi, H Imai, K Kishimoto, T Khaustov, P May, M Minami, S Miura, Y Miyoshi, T Mizunuma, K Nagae, T Nakamura, SN Nakazawa, K Okayasu, Y Pile, PH Quinn, BP Rusek, A Sasao, J Sato, Y Sawafta, R Schmitt, H Sutter, R Takahashi, H Tang, L Tanida, K Ukai, M Yuan, L Zhou, SH Zhu, LH Zhu, XF TI Gamma spectroscopy of P-shell hypernuclei and Lambda N spin-dependent interactions - Report of BNL E930 SO MODERN PHYSICS LETTERS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd Asia/Pacific Conference on Few-Body Problems in Physics CY AUG 27-30, 2002 CL SHANGHAI INST NUCL RES, SHANGHAI, PEOPLES R CHINA HO SHANGHAI INST NUCL RES ID HYPER-NUCLEI; LI-7(LAMBDA); TRANSITIONS; STATES AB High resolution gamma spectroscopy of hypernuclei using Hyperball has revealed detailed level structure of several p-shell Lambda hypernuclei and allowed us to extract the strengths of LambdaN spin-dependent interactions. In the experiment BNL E930, we observed E2(3/2(+),5/2(+) --> 1/2(+)) transitions in Be-Lambda(9) and confirmed a small size of the Lambda-spin-dependent O-16(Lambda) and N-15(Lambda) in order to investigate dependent spin-orbit force. Recently we took data for A A the strength of the LambdaN tensor force. In a preliminary analysis, we observed gamma rays of O-16(Lambda) and N-15(Lambda). C1 Tohoku Univ, Dept Phys, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Osaka Univ, Dept Phys, Toyonaka, Osaka 5600043, Japan. Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. China Inst Atom Energy, Dept Nucl Phys, Beijing 102413, Peoples R China. Hampton Univ, Dept Phys, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. Univ Freiburg, Dept Phys, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany. KEK, High Energy Accelerator Res Org, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. RIKEN, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. Gifu Univ, Dept Phys, Gifu 5011193, Japan. N Carolina Agr & Tech State Univ, Dept Phys, Greensboro, NC 27411 USA. GSI, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany. RP Tamura, H (reprint author), Tohoku Univ, Dept Phys, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan. RI Zhu, Xiaofeng/B-9493-2011; Franklin, Gregg/N-7743-2014; Quinn, Brian/N-7343-2014 OI Franklin, Gregg/0000-0003-4176-1378; Quinn, Brian/0000-0003-2800-986X NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 912805, SINGAPORE SN 0217-7323 J9 MOD PHYS LETT A JI Mod. Phys. Lett. A PD FEB 28 PY 2003 VL 18 IS 2-6 BP 85 EP 94 DI 10.1142/S0217732303010028 PG 10 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 654PJ UT WOS:000181505000003 ER PT J AU Tang, L AF Tang, L CA Jefferson Lab E89-009 Collaboratio TI First experiment to produce Lambda-hypernuclei using electron beam at JLAB SO MODERN PHYSICS LETTERS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd Asia/Pacific Conference on Few-Body Problems in Physics CY AUG 27-30, 2002 CL SHANGHAI INST NUCL RES, SHANGHAI, PEOPLES R CHINA HO SHANGHAI INST NUCL RES ID SINGLE-PARTICLE STATES; NUCLEI AB The first experiment producing A-hypernuclear spectroscopy using the high-precision electron beam has been carried out at Jefferson Laboratory (JLab). A zero degree tagging technique for the scattered electrons was applied and the hypernuclear spectrometer system (HNSS) was successfully used to measure spectra from the (e, e' K+) reaction. The best energy resolution obtained thus far in hypernuclear spectroscopy with magnetic spectrometers, near or below 1 MeV, was achieved. This paper describes the general B-12(Lambda) and He-7(Lambda) systems. A new technique of HNSS and the preliminary results for the A A phase of experiment on hypernuclear spectroscopy is approved for the future with much higher yield and quality and even better energy resolution. C1 Hampton Univ, Dept Phys, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. Jefferson Lab, Div Phys, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Tang, L (reprint author), Hampton Univ, Dept Phys, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 912805, SINGAPORE SN 0217-7323 J9 MOD PHYS LETT A JI Mod. Phys. Lett. A PD FEB 28 PY 2003 VL 18 IS 2-6 BP 112 EP 115 DI 10.1142/S0217732303010053 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 654PJ UT WOS:000181505000006 ER PT J AU Julia-Diaz, B Lee, TSH AF Julia-Diaz, B Lee, TSH TI Quark-exchange mechanism of gamma d -> np reaction at 2-6 GeV SO MODERN PHYSICS LETTERS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd Asia/Pacific Conference on Few-Body Problems in Physics CY AUG 27-30, 2002 CL SHANGHAI INST NUCL RES, SHANGHAI, PEOPLES R CHINA HO SHANGHAI INST NUCL RES ID DEUTERON PHOTODISINTEGRATION; 2-BODY PHOTODISINTEGRATION; ELASTIC-SCATTERING; MODELS; NN AB Within the constituent quark model, we examine the extent to which the deuteron photo-disintegration at 2-6 GeV can be described by the quark-exchange mechanism. With the parameters constrained by the np scattering, the calculated differential cross sections disagree with the data in both magnitude and energy-dependence. The results can be improved if we use a smaller size parameter for quark wavefunctions. We also find that the on-shell approximation used in a previous investigation is not accurate. C1 Univ Salamanca, Dept Phys, E-37008 Salamanca, Spain. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Julia-Diaz, B (reprint author), Univ Salamanca, Dept Phys, E-37008 Salamanca, Spain. RI Julia-Diaz, Bruno/E-5825-2010 OI Julia-Diaz, Bruno/0000-0002-0145-6734 NR 18 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 912805, SINGAPORE SN 0217-7323 J9 MOD PHYS LETT A JI Mod. Phys. Lett. A PD FEB 28 PY 2003 VL 18 IS 2-6 BP 200 EP 207 DI 10.1142/S0217732303010247 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 654PJ UT WOS:000181505000025 ER PT J AU Saha, A AF Saha, A CA Jefferson Lab Hall A Collaboration TI Detailed study of the few nucleon systems at Jefferson Lab SO MODERN PHYSICS LETTERS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd Asia/Pacific Conference on Few-Body Problems in Physics CY AUG 27-30, 2002 CL SHANGHAI INST NUCL RES, SHANGHAI, PEOPLES R CHINA HO SHANGHAI INST NUCL RES ID ELECTRODISINTEGRATION AB In a new and detailed experimental program carried out at Jefferson Laboratory, the few nucleon systems has been studied via Electrodisintegration of Deuterium and the Helium nuclei. Interesting new results probing the high momentum structure have been studied via the (e,e'p) reaction using the two high resolution spectrometers in Hall A and various kinematic regions have been investigated. Detailed and precise information on the effective bound state momentum distributions have been measured for the first time up to missing momenta of 1 Gev/c in He-3, exhibiting significant strength at these high momenta which the standard nuclear calculations fail to explain and could be an indication of the onset of non-nucleonic degrees of freedom. The continuum region in 3He has also been investigated in great detail looking for nuclear correlations and quasi-deuteron strength. Response function separations have been carried out to extract details of the few body structure and relativistic dynamics. Measurements made so far on D and He-4 have focussed on specific kinematic regions and there are plans to extend them over kinematic ranges similar to the He-3 investigation. C1 Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Saha, A (reprint author), Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 912805, SINGAPORE SN 0217-7323 J9 MOD PHYS LETT A JI Mod. Phys. Lett. A PD FEB 28 PY 2003 VL 18 IS 2-6 BP 235 EP 243 DI 10.1142/S0217732303010284 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 654PJ UT WOS:000181505000029 ER PT J AU Burkert, VD AF Burkert, VD TI Spin response of the nucleon in the resonance region SO MODERN PHYSICS LETTERS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd Asia/Pacific Conference on Few-Body Problems in Physics CY AUG 27-30, 2002 CL SHANGHAI INST NUCL RES, SHANGHAI, PEOPLES R CHINA HO SHANGHAI INST NUCL RES ID ELECTRON-PROTON-SCATTERING; HEARN SUM-RULE; GERASIMOV; DUALITY AB I discuss recent results from CLAS and Hall A at Jefferson Lab on the measurement of inclusive spin structure functions in the nucleon resonance region using polarized electron beams and polarized targets. Results on the first moment of the spin structure function for protons and neutrons will be discussed, as well as the Bjorken integral. I will argue that the helicity structure of individual resonances plays a vital role in understanding the nucleon's spin response in the domain of strong interaction QCD, and must be considered in any analysis of the nucleon spin structure at low and intermediate photon virtuality. C1 Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Burkert, VD (reprint author), Jefferson Lab, 12000 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. NR 31 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 912805, SINGAPORE SN 0217-7323 J9 MOD PHYS LETT A JI Mod. Phys. Lett. A PD FEB 28 PY 2003 VL 18 IS 2-6 BP 262 EP 271 DI 10.1142/S0217732303010326 PG 10 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 654PJ UT WOS:000181505000033 ER PT J AU Gilman, R AF Gilman, R TI Neutron spin structure with polarized He-3 at Jefferson Lab Hall A SO MODERN PHYSICS LETTERS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd Asia/Pacific Conference on Few-Body Problems in Physics CY AUG 27-30, 2002 CL SHANGHAI INST NUCL RES, SHANGHAI, PEOPLES R CHINA HO SHANGHAI INST NUCL RES ID NUCLEON STRUCTURE FUNCTIONS; DEEP-INELASTIC SCATTERING; STRUCTURE-FUNCTION G(1)(N); PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; CHIRAL SOLITON; SUM-RULE; QUARK; ASYMMETRY; PROTON; REGION AB Several experiments at Jefferson Lab Hall A have used a polarized He-3 target for studying the spin structure of the neutron. Measurements have been published for the neutron magnetic form factor, and are being published for the extended Gerasimov-Drell-Hearn sum rule. The A(1)(n) asymmetry and the g(2)(n) structure function have been measured above the resonance region. Further measurements in the resonance region will be performed in the near future. C1 Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Div Phys, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Gilman, R (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, 156 Frelinghuysen Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 912805, SINGAPORE SN 0217-7323 J9 MOD PHYS LETT A JI Mod. Phys. Lett. A PD FEB 28 PY 2003 VL 18 IS 2-6 BP 272 EP 281 DI 10.1142/S0217732303010338 PG 10 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 654PJ UT WOS:000181505000034 ER PT J AU Gilman, R AF Gilman, R TI Polarization measurements in pi(0) photoproduction from the proton SO MODERN PHYSICS LETTERS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd Asia/Pacific Conference on Few-Body Problems in Physics CY AUG 27-30, 2002 CL SHANGHAI INST NUCL RES, SHANGHAI, PEOPLES R CHINA HO SHANGHAI INST NUCL RES ID PION-PHOTOPRODUCTION; ELECTROPRODUCTION AB In the resonance. region, up to W similar to 2 GeV or so, pi(0) photoproduction probes resonance photoproduction, as well as non-resonant production processes. Above the resonance region, data are sparse, and it is not clear whether the reaction will be easier to understand with quark or with meson-baryon degrees of freedom. We have measured the proton recoil polarization for ten incident beam energies, across and above the resonance region. Despite the greatly extended kinematic range of the data, no approach to any existing quark-model prediction is seen. C1 Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Div Phys, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Gilman, R (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, 136 Frelinghuysen Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 912805, SINGAPORE SN 0217-7323 J9 MOD PHYS LETT A JI Mod. Phys. Lett. A PD FEB 28 PY 2003 VL 18 IS 2-6 BP 286 EP 289 DI 10.1142/S0217732303010351 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 654PJ UT WOS:000181505000036 ER PT J AU Wang, F Ping, JL Pang, HR Goldman, T AF Wang, F Ping, JL Pang, HR Goldman, T TI Which constituent quark model is better? SO MODERN PHYSICS LETTERS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd Asia/Pacific Conference on Few-Body Problems in Physics CY AUG 27-30, 2002 CL SHANGHAI INST NUCL RES, SHANGHAI, PEOPLES R CHINA HO SHANGHAI INST NUCL RES ID MESON-EXCHANGE POTENTIALS; COLOR-SCREENING MODEL; VALENCE QCD; HYPERFINE INTERACTIONS; UNIFIED DESCRIPTION; YN INTERACTIONS; CONNECTING QCD; BARYONS; DELOCALIZATION; NUCLEON AB A comparative study has been done by calculating the effective baryon-baryon interactions of the 64 lowest channels consisting of octet and decuplet baryons with three constituent quark models: the extended quark gluon exchange model, the Goldstone boson exchange model and the quark gluon meson exchange hybrid model. We find that these three models give similar results for 44 channels. Further tests of these models are discussed. C1 Nanjing Univ, Dept Phys, Nanjing 210093, Peoples R China. Nanjing Normal Univ, Dept Phys, Nanjing 210024, Peoples R China. Nanjing Univ, Dept Phys, Nanjing 210093, Peoples R China. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Wang, F (reprint author), Nanjing Univ, Dept Phys, Nanjing 210093, Peoples R China. NR 30 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 912805, SINGAPORE SN 0217-7323 J9 MOD PHYS LETT A JI Mod. Phys. Lett. A PD FEB 28 PY 2003 VL 18 IS 2-6 BP 356 EP 361 DI 10.1142/S021773230301048X PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 654PJ UT WOS:000181505000049 ER PT J AU Acosta, D Affolder, T Akimoto, H Albrow, MG Ambrose, D Amidei, D Anikeev, K Antos, J Apollinari, G Arisawa, T Artikov, A Asakawa, T Ashmanskas, W Azfar, F Azzi-Bacchetta, P Bacchetta, N Bachacou, H Badgett, W Bailey, S de Barbaro, P Barbaro-Galtieri, A Barnes, VE Barnett, BA Baroiant, S Barone, M Bauer, G Bedeschi, F Behari, S Belforte, S Bell, WH Bellettini, G Bellinger, J Benjamin, D Bensinger, J Beretvas, A Berryhill, J Bhatti, A Binkley, M Bisello, D Bishai, M Blair, RE Blocker, C Bloom, K Blumenfeld, B Blusk, SR Bocci, A Bodek, A Bolla, G Bolshov, A Bonushkin, Y Bortoletto, D Boudreau, J Brandl, A Bromberg, C Brozovic, M Brubaker, E Bruner, N Budagov, J Budd, HS Burkett, K Busetto, G Byrum, KL Cabrera, S Calafiura, P Campbell, M Carithers, W Carlson, J Carlsmith, D Caskey, W Castro, A Cauz, D Cerri, A Cerrito, L Chan, AW Chang, PS Chang, PT Chapman, J Chen, C Chen, YC Cheng, MT Chertok, M Chiarelli, G Chirikov-Zorin, I Chlachidze, G Chlebana, F Christofek, L Chu, ML Chung, JY Chung, WH Chung, YS Ciobanu, CI Clark, AG Coca, M Colijn, AP Connolly, A Convery, M Conway, J Cordelli, M Cranshaw, J Culbertson, R Dagenhart, D D'Auria, S De Cecco, S DeJongh, F Dell'Agnello, S Dell'Orso, M Demers, S Demortier, L Deninno, M De Pedis, D Derwent, PF Devlin, T Dionisi, C Dittmann, JR Dominguez, A Donati, S D'Onofrio, M Dorigo, T Dunietz, I Eddy, N Einsweiler, K Engels, E Erbacher, R Errede, D Errede, S Eusebi, R Fan, Q Fang, HC Farrington, S Feild, RG Fernandez, JP Ferretti, C Field, RD Fiori, I Flaugher, B Flores-Castillo, LR Foster, GW Franklin, M Freeman, J Friedman, J Fukui, Y Furic, I Galeotti, S Gallas, A Gallinaro, M Gao, T Garcia-Sciveres, M Garfinkel, AF Gatti, P Gay, C Gerdes, DW Gerstein, E Giagu, S Giannetti, P Giolo, K Giordani, M Giromini, P Glagolev, V Glenzinski, D Gold, M Goldstein, J Gomez, G Goncharov, M Gorelov, I Goshaw, AT Gotra, Y Goulianos, K Green, C Gresele, A Grim, G Grosso-Pilcher, C Guenther, M Guillian, G da Costa, JG Haas, RM Haber, C Hahn, SR Halkiadakis, E Hall, C Handa, T Handler, R Happacher, F Hara, K Hardman, AD Harris, RM Hartmann, F Hatakeyama, K Hauser, J Heinrich, J Heiss, A Hennecke, M Herndon, M Hill, C Hocker, A Hoffman, KD Hollebeek, R Holloway, L Hou, S Huffman, BT Hughes, R Huston, J Huth, J Ikeda, H Incandela, J Introzzi, G Iori, M Ivanov, A Iwai, J Iwata, Y Iyutin, B James, E Jones, M Joshi, U Kambara, H Kamon, T Kaneko, T Unel, MK Karr, K Kartal, S Kasha, H Kato, Y Keaffaber, TA Kelley, K Kelly, M Kennedy, RD Kephart, R Khazins, D Kikuchi, T Kilminster, B Kim, BJ Kim, DH Kim, HS Kim, MJ Kim, SB Kim, SH Kim, TH Kim, YK Kirby, M Kirk, M Kirsch, L Klimenko, S Koehn, P Kondo, K Konigsberg, J Korn, A Korytov, A Kotelnikov, K Kovacs, E Kroll, J Kruse, M Krutelyov, V Kuhlmann, SE Kurino, K Kuwabara, T Kuznetsova, N Laasanen, AT Lai, N Lami, S Lammel, S Lancaster, J Lannon, K Lancaster, M Lander, R Lath, A Latino, G LeCompte, T Le, Y Lee, J Lee, SW Leonardo, N Leone, S Lewis, JD Li, K Lin, CS Lindgren, M Liss, TM Liu, JB Liu, T Liu, YC Litvintsev, DO Lobban, O Lockyer, NS Loginov, A Loken, J Loreti, M Lucchesi, D Lukens, P Lusin, S Lyons, L Lys, J Madrak, R Maeshima, K Maksimovic, P Malferrari, L Mangano, M Manca, G Mariotti, M Martignon, G Martin, M Martin, A Martin, V Matthews, JAJ Mazzanti, P McFarland, KS McIntyre, P Menguzzato, M Menzione, A Merkel, P Mesropian, C Meyer, A Miao, T Miller, R Miller, JS Minato, H Miscetti, S Mishina, M Mitselmakher, G Miyazaki, Y Moggi, N Moore, E Moore, R Morita, Y Moulik, T Mulhearn, M Mukherjee, A Muller, T Munar, A Murat, P Murgia, S Nachtman, J Nagaslaev, V Nahn, S Nakada, H Nakano, I Napora, R Nelson, C Nelson, T Neu, C Neubauer, MS Neuberger, D Newman-Holmes, C Ngan, CYP Nigmanov, T Niu, H Nodulman, L Nomerotski, A Oh, SH Oh, YD Ohmoto, T Ohsugi, T Oishi, R Okusawa, T Olsen, J Orejudos, W Pagliarone, C Palmonari, F Paoletti, R Papadimitriou, V Partos, D Patrick, J Pauletta, G Paulini, M Pauly, T Paus, C Pellett, D Penzo, A Pescara, L Phillips, TJ Piacentino, G Piedra, J Pitts, KT Pompos, A Pondrom, L Pope, G Pratt, T Prokoshin, F Proudfoot, J Ptohos, F Pukhov, O Punzi, G Rademacker, J Rakitine, A Ratnikov, F Reher, D Reichold, A Renton, P Rescigno, M Ribon, A Riegler, W Rimondi, F Ristori, L Riveline, M Robertson, WJ Rodrigo, T Rolli, S Rosenson, L Roser, R Rossin, R Rott, C Roy, A Ruiz, A Ryan, D Safonov, A St Denis, R Sakumoto, WK Saltzberg, D Sanchez, C Sansoni, A Santi, L Sarkar, S Sato, H Savard, P Savoy-Navarro, A Schlabach, P Schmidt, EE Schmidt, MP Schmitt, M Scodellaro, L Scott, A Scribano, A Sedov, A Seidel, S Seiya, Y Semenov, A Semeria, F Shah, T Shapiro, MD Shepard, PF Shibayama, T Shimojima, M Shochet, M Sidoti, A Siegrist, J Sill, A Sinervo, P Singh, P Slaughter, AJ Sliwa, K Snider, FD Snihur, R Solodsky, A Spalding, J Speer, T Spezziga, M Sphicas, P Spinella, F Spiropulu, M Spiegel, L Steele, J Stefanini, A Strologas, J Strumia, F Stuart, D Sukhanov, A Sumorok, K Suzuki, T Takano, T Takashima, R Takikawa, K Tamburello, P Tanaka, M Tannenbaum, B Tecchio, M Tesarek, RJ Teng, PK Terashi, K Tether, S Thompson, AS Thomson, E Thurman-Keup, R Tipton, P Tkaczyk, S Toback, D Tollefson, K Tollestrup, A Tonelli, D Tonnesmann, M Toyoda, H Trischuk, W de Troconiz, JF Tseng, J Tsybychev, D Turini, N Ukegawa, F Unverhau, T Vaiciulis, T Valls, J Vataga, E Vejcik, S Velev, G Veramendi, G Vidal, R Vila, I Vilar, R Volobouev, I von der Mey, M Vucinic, D Wagner, RG Wagner, RL Wagner, W Wallace, NB Wan, Z Wang, C Wang, MJ Wang, SM Ward, B Waschke, S Watanabe, T Waters, D Watts, T Weber, M Wenzel, H Wester, WC Whitehouse, B Wicklund, AB Wicklund, E Wilkes, T Williams, HH Wilson, P Winer, BL Winn, D Wolbers, S Wolinski, D Wolinski, J Wolinski, S Wolter, M Worm, S Wu, X Wurthwein, F Wyss, J Yang, UK Yao, W Yeh, GP Yeh, P Yi, K Yoh, J Yosef, C Yoshida, T Yu, I Yu, S Yu, Z Yun, JC Zanello, L Zanetti, A Zetti, F Zucchelli, S AF Acosta, D Affolder, T Akimoto, H Albrow, MG Ambrose, D Amidei, D Anikeev, K Antos, J Apollinari, G Arisawa, T Artikov, A Asakawa, T Ashmanskas, W Azfar, F Azzi-Bacchetta, P Bacchetta, N Bachacou, H Badgett, W Bailey, S de Barbaro, P Barbaro-Galtieri, A Barnes, VE Barnett, BA Baroiant, S Barone, M Bauer, G Bedeschi, F Behari, S Belforte, S Bell, WH Bellettini, G Bellinger, J Benjamin, D Bensinger, J Beretvas, A Berryhill, J Bhatti, A Binkley, M Bisello, D Bishai, M Blair, RE Blocker, C Bloom, K Blumenfeld, B Blusk, SR Bocci, A Bodek, A Bolla, G Bolshov, A Bonushkin, Y Bortoletto, D Boudreau, J Brandl, A Bromberg, C Brozovic, M Brubaker, E Bruner, N Budagov, J Budd, HS Burkett, K Busetto, G Byrum, KL Cabrera, S Calafiura, P Campbell, M Carithers, W Carlson, J Carlsmith, D Caskey, W Castro, A Cauz, D Cerri, A Cerrito, L Chan, AW Chang, PS Chang, PT Chapman, J Chen, C Chen, YC Cheng, MT Chertok, M Chiarelli, G Chirikov-Zorin, I Chlachidze, G Chlebana, F Christofek, L Chu, ML Chung, JY Chung, WH Chung, YS Ciobanu, CI Clark, AG Coca, M Colijn, AP Connolly, A Convery, M Conway, J Cordelli, M Cranshaw, J Culbertson, R Dagenhart, D D'Auria, S De Cecco, S DeJongh, F Dell'Agnello, S Dell'Orso, M Demers, S Demortier, L Deninno, M De Pedis, D Derwent, PF Devlin, T Dionisi, C Dittmann, JR Dominguez, A Donati, S D'Onofrio, M Dorigo, T Dunietz, I Eddy, N Einsweiler, K Engels, E Erbacher, R Errede, D Errede, S Eusebi, R Fan, Q Fang, HC Farrington, S Feild, RG Fernandez, JP Ferretti, C Field, RD Fiori, I Flaugher, B Flores-Castillo, LR Foster, GW Franklin, M Freeman, J Friedman, J Fukui, Y Furic, I Galeotti, S Gallas, A Gallinaro, M Gao, T Garcia-Sciveres, M Garfinkel, AF Gatti, P Gay, C Gerdes, DW Gerstein, E Giagu, S Giannetti, P Giolo, K Giordani, M Giromini, P Glagolev, V Glenzinski, D Gold, M Goldstein, J Gomez, G Goncharov, M Gorelov, I Goshaw, AT Gotra, Y Goulianos, K Green, C Gresele, A Grim, G Grosso-Pilcher, C Guenther, M Guillian, G da Costa, JG Haas, RM Haber, C Hahn, SR Halkiadakis, E Hall, C Handa, T Handler, R Happacher, F Hara, K Hardman, AD Harris, RM Hartmann, F Hatakeyama, K Hauser, J Heinrich, J Heiss, A Hennecke, M Herndon, M Hill, C Hocker, A Hoffman, KD Hollebeek, R Holloway, L Hou, S Huffman, BT Hughes, R Huston, J Huth, J Ikeda, H Incandela, J Introzzi, G Iori, M Ivanov, A Iwai, J Iwata, Y Iyutin, B James, E Jones, M Joshi, U Kambara, H Kamon, T Kaneko, T Unel, MK Karr, K Kartal, S Kasha, H Kato, Y Keaffaber, TA Kelley, K Kelly, M Kennedy, RD Kephart, R Khazins, D Kikuchi, T Kilminster, B Kim, BJ Kim, DH Kim, HS Kim, MJ Kim, SB Kim, SH Kim, TH Kim, YK Kirby, M Kirk, M Kirsch, L Klimenko, S Koehn, P Kondo, K Konigsberg, J Korn, A Korytov, A Kotelnikov, K Kovacs, E Kroll, J Kruse, M Krutelyov, V Kuhlmann, SE Kurino, K Kuwabara, T Kuznetsova, N Laasanen, AT Lai, N Lami, S Lammel, S Lancaster, J Lannon, K Lancaster, M Lander, R Lath, A Latino, G LeCompte, T Le, Y Lee, J Lee, SW Leonardo, N Leone, S Lewis, JD Li, K Lin, CS Lindgren, M Liss, TM Liu, JB Liu, T Liu, YC Litvintsev, DO Lobban, O Lockyer, NS Loginov, A Loken, J Loreti, M Lucchesi, D Lukens, P Lusin, S Lyons, L Lys, J Madrak, R Maeshima, K Maksimovic, P Malferrari, L Mangano, M Manca, G Mariotti, M Martignon, G Martin, M Martin, A Martin, V Matthews, JAJ Mazzanti, P McFarland, KS McIntyre, P Menguzzato, M Menzione, A Merkel, P Mesropian, C Meyer, A Miao, T Miller, R Miller, JS Minato, H Miscetti, S Mishina, M Mitselmakher, G Miyazaki, Y Moggi, N Moore, E Moore, R Morita, Y Moulik, T Mulhearn, M Mukherjee, A Muller, T Munar, A Murat, P Murgia, S Nachtman, J Nagaslaev, V Nahn, S Nakada, H Nakano, I Napora, R Nelson, C Nelson, T Neu, C Neubauer, MS Neuberger, D Newman-Holmes, C Ngan, CYP Nigmanov, T Niu, H Nodulman, L Nomerotski, A Oh, SH Oh, YD Ohmoto, T Ohsugi, T Oishi, R Okusawa, T Olsen, J Orejudos, W Pagliarone, C Palmonari, F Paoletti, R Papadimitriou, V Partos, D Patrick, J Pauletta, G Paulini, M Pauly, T Paus, C Pellett, D Penzo, A Pescara, L Phillips, TJ Piacentino, G Piedra, J Pitts, KT Pompos, A Pondrom, L Pope, G Pratt, T Prokoshin, F Proudfoot, J Ptohos, F Pukhov, O Punzi, G Rademacker, J Rakitine, A Ratnikov, F Reher, D Reichold, A Renton, P Rescigno, M Ribon, A Riegler, W Rimondi, F Ristori, L Riveline, M Robertson, WJ Rodrigo, T Rolli, S Rosenson, L Roser, R Rossin, R Rott, C Roy, A Ruiz, A Ryan, D Safonov, A St Denis, R Sakumoto, WK Saltzberg, D Sanchez, C Sansoni, A Santi, L Sarkar, S Sato, H Savard, P Savoy-Navarro, A Schlabach, P Schmidt, EE Schmidt, MP Schmitt, M Scodellaro, L Scott, A Scribano, A Sedov, A Seidel, S Seiya, Y Semenov, A Semeria, F Shah, T Shapiro, MD Shepard, PF Shibayama, T Shimojima, M Shochet, M Sidoti, A Siegrist, J Sill, A Sinervo, P Singh, P Slaughter, AJ Sliwa, K Snider, FD Snihur, R Solodsky, A Spalding, J Speer, T Spezziga, M Sphicas, P Spinella, F Spiropulu, M Spiegel, L Steele, J Stefanini, A Strologas, J Strumia, F Stuart, D Sukhanov, A Sumorok, K Suzuki, T Takano, T Takashima, R Takikawa, K Tamburello, P Tanaka, M Tannenbaum, B Tecchio, M Tesarek, RJ Teng, PK Terashi, K Tether, S Thompson, AS Thomson, E Thurman-Keup, R Tipton, P Tkaczyk, S Toback, D Tollefson, K Tollestrup, A Tonelli, D Tonnesmann, M Toyoda, H Trischuk, W de Troconiz, JF Tseng, J Tsybychev, D Turini, N Ukegawa, F Unverhau, T Vaiciulis, T Valls, J Vataga, E Vejcik, S Velev, G Veramendi, G Vidal, R Vila, I Vilar, R Volobouev, I von der Mey, M Vucinic, D Wagner, RG Wagner, RL Wagner, W Wallace, NB Wan, Z Wang, C Wang, MJ Wang, SM Ward, B Waschke, S Watanabe, T Waters, D Watts, T Weber, M Wenzel, H Wester, WC Whitehouse, B Wicklund, AB Wicklund, E Wilkes, T Williams, HH Wilson, P Winer, BL Winn, D Wolbers, S Wolinski, D Wolinski, J Wolinski, S Wolter, M Worm, S Wu, X Wurthwein, F Wyss, J Yang, UK Yao, W Yeh, GP Yeh, P Yi, K Yoh, J Yosef, C Yoshida, T Yu, I Yu, S Yu, Z Yun, JC Zanello, L Zanetti, A Zetti, F Zucchelli, S CA CDF Collaboration TI Search for a W(') boson decaying to a top and bottom quark pair in 1.8 TeV p(p)over-bar collisions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SILICON VERTEX DETECTOR; RIGHT-HANDED CURRENTS; LEFT-RIGHT SYMMETRY; COLLIDER DETECTOR; CROSS-SECTION; FERMILAB; PARTICLES; PHYSICS; EVENTS; MASS AB We report the results of a search for a W(') boson produced in p (p) over bar collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 1.8 TeV using a 106 pb(-1) data sample recorded by the Collider Detector at Fermilab. We observe no significant excess of events above background for a W(') boson decaying to a top and bottom quark pair. In a model where this boson would mediate interactions involving a massive right-handed neutrino (nu(R)) and have standard model strength couplings, we use these data to exclude a W(') boson with mass between 225 and 536 GeV/c(2) at 95% confidence level for M(W)(')>M(nuR) and between 225 and 566 GeV/c(2) at 95% confidence level for M(W)(') Tyr, Tyr(M208) Phe, Leu(M212) --> His, and Trp(M250) --> Val (denoted YFHV). Following direct excitation of the bacteriochlorophyll dimer (P) to its lowest excited singlet state P*, electron transfer to the B-side bacteriopheophytin (H-B) gives P+HB- in similar to30% yield. When the secondary quinone (Q(B)) site is fully occupied, P+HB- decays with a time constant estimated to be in the range of 1.5-3 ns. In the presence of excess terbutryn, a competitive inhibitor of Q(B) binding, the observed lifetime of P+HB- is noticeably longer and is estimated to be in the range of 4-8 ns. On the basis of these values, the rate constant for P+HB- --> P(+)Q(B)(-) electron transfer is calculated to be between similar to(2 ns)(-l) and similar to(12 ns)(-1), making it at least an order of magnitude smaller than the rate constant of similar to(200 ps)(-1) for electron transfer between the corresponding A-side cofactors (P+HA- --> P(+)Q(A)(-)). Structural and energetic factors associated with electron transfer to Q(B) compared to Q(A) are discussed. Comparison of the P+HB- lifetimes in the presence and absence of terbutryn indicates that the ultimate (i.e., quantum) yield Of P(+)Q(B)(-) formation relative to P* is 10-25% in the YFHV RC. C1 Washington Univ, Dept Chem, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Kirmaier, C (reprint author), Washington Univ, Dept Chem, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. NR 80 TC 30 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD FEB 25 PY 2003 VL 42 IS 7 BP 2016 EP 2024 DI 10.1021/bi026973o PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 647NE UT WOS:000181098800023 PM 12590589 ER PT J AU Sandi, G Joachin, H Kizilel, R Seifert, S Carrado, KA AF Sandi, G Joachin, H Kizilel, R Seifert, S Carrado, KA TI In situ SAXS studies of the structural changes of polymer nanocomposites used in battery applications SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID POLY(ETHYLENE OXIDE); MELT INTERCALATION; LAYERED SILICATES; LITHIUM BATTERIES; CLAY; ELECTROLYTES; MONTMORILLONITE AB In situ small-angle X-ray scattering studies have been conducted to monitor the structural changes of polymer nanocomposites upon heating. These nanocomposites are made of different mass ratios of poly(ethylene oxide) and synthetic lithium hectorite. The samples Were heated under nitrogen to avoid oxidation of the organic matrix. On the basis of the in situ results, it was found that the polymer matrix losses its crystallinity at about 60 degreesC and the composite is stable up to 150 degreesC. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. IIT, Dept Environm Chem & Engn, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. RP Sandi, G (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 37 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0897-4756 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD FEB 25 PY 2003 VL 15 IS 4 BP 838 EP 843 DI 10.1021/cm020670z PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 647XX UT WOS:000181120300005 ER PT J AU Zeng, Z Natesan, K AF Zeng, Z Natesan, K TI Relationship of carbon crystallization to the metal-dusting mechanism of nickel SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID RAMAN-SPECTRA; GRAPHITE; FILMS; SPECTROSCOPY; SCATTERING; PROTECTION; CORROSION; CRYSTALS; STEELS AB Raman scattering and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to study the mechanism of metal-dusting corrosion of nickel and Alloy 601. The Raman bandwidths and the relative intensities of the 1330- and 1580-cm(-1) bands are related to the crystallinity and defect structure of coke. Both Raman and XRD analyses suggest that there is a relationship between metal dusting and the catalytic crystallization of carbon. Coke cannot crystallize well by deposition from carburizing gases at low temperature without catalytic activation because of its strong C-C bonds and high melting temperature. Participation of nickel during the coke-crystallizing process tends to improve the crystallinity of the coke. At the same time, nickel particles are liberated from metal. A decrease in free energy from highly disordered carbon to well-crystallized carbon is the driving force of metal dusting. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Zeng, Z (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 32 TC 47 Z9 48 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0897-4756 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD FEB 25 PY 2003 VL 15 IS 4 BP 872 EP 878 DI 10.1021/cm020807l PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 647XX UT WOS:000181120300010 ER PT J AU Gillis, JJ Jolliff, BL AF Gillis, JJ Jolliff, BL TI A revised algorithm for calculating TiO2 from Clementine UVVIS data: A synthesis of rock, soil, and remotely sensed TiO2 concentrations SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS LA English DT Article DE Moon; mare basalt; remote sensing; Clementine; basalt chemistry; TiO2 ID POTENTIAL LUNAR RESOURCES; IMPACT-MELT BRECCIAS; MULTISPECTRAL DATA; LATERAL TRANSPORT; MARE BASALTS; PROSPECTOR; FEO; REGOLITH; IMAGES; KREEP AB [1] Investigating mare basalt compositions, at both the sample and remote-sensing level for the Apollo and Luna mare sites, reveals the need for a more complex regression procedure than previously proposed in order to extract accurate TiO2 concentrations from Clementine spectral reflectance (CSR) data. The TiO2 algorithm of Lucey and coworkers is modified by using two different sets of regression parameters to relate measured regolith compositions from sampling locations to the CSR properties of these sites. One regression trend fits the majority of Apollo data, and the second regression is a fit to the Apollo 11, Luna 16, and Luna 24 data, which were considered to be anomalous in previous TiO2 calibrations. These three sites have unusually low albedo compared to other mare landing sites, and some 32% of nearside mare regions appear to share this characteristic. Possible reasons for these differences related to proximity of the other sites to mare-highland boundaries are discussed. Using the dual-regression method, we find ( 1) that TiO2 concentrations calculated for the basaltic landing sites faithfully reproduce a bimodal distribution as seen in the sample data, (2) that when coupled with the effects of other thermal neutron absorbers, Ti concentrations are more consistent with observed epithermal-to-thermal neutron-flux ratios than are previous Clementine-based derivations of TiO2 for basaltic regions, and (3) that basalts of intermediate-TiO2 concentrations occur most frequently in the Oceanus Procellarum region and that these intermediate concentrations appear to be inherent to the flows underlying the regolith and presumably to the basalt source regions. C1 Washington Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Gillis, JJ (reprint author), Washington Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Campus Box 1169,1 Brookings Dr, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. EM gillis@levee.wustl.edu NR 51 TC 65 Z9 73 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-PLANET JI J. Geophys. Res.-Planets PD FEB 25 PY 2003 VL 108 IS E2 AR 5009 DI 10.1029/2001JE001515 PG 18 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 664RV UT WOS:000182075500001 ER PT J AU Rapine, R Tilmann, F West, M Ni, J Rodgers, A AF Rapine, R Tilmann, F West, M Ni, J Rodgers, A TI Crustal structure of northern and southern Tibet from surface wave dispersion analysis SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH LA English DT Article DE Tibet; crustal velocity structure; surface wave; Rayleigh waves; continental collision ID MOMENT TENSOR SOLUTIONS; UPPER-MANTLE; TECTONIC IMPLICATIONS; RAYLEIGH-WAVES; SURROUNDING REGIONS; VELOCITY STRUCTURE; COLLISION ZONE; INDIAN SHIELD; BRIGHT SPOTS; PLATEAU AB [1] Group and phase velocities of fundamental mode Rayleigh waves, in the period range of 10 to 70 s, are obtained for southern and northern Tibet. Significant variations in crustal velocity structure are found. The group velocity minimum for Tibet occurs at similar to33 s and the minimum is similar to0.12 km/s lower for southern Tibet than for northern Tibet. At periods greater than 50 s, however, group velocities are up to 0.2 km/s faster in southern Tibet. The group and phase velocities are inverted for layered S wave models. The dispersion observations in southern Tibet can only be fit with a low-velocity layer in the middle crust. In contrast, the velocity models for northern Tibet do not require any low-velocity zone in the crust. The S wave velocity of the lower crust of southern Tibet is similar to0.2 km/s faster than the lower crust of northern Tibet. In southern Tibet the sub-Moho velocity increases with a positive gradient that is similar to a shield, while there is no velocity gradient beneath northern Tibet. The high-velocity lower crust of southern Tibet is consistent with the underthrusting of Indian continental lithosphere. The most plausible explanation of the mid-crustal low velocity zone is the presence of crustal melt resulting from H2O-saturated melting of the interplate shear zone between the underthrusting Indian crust and overflowing Asian crust. The lack of a pronounced crustal low-velocity zone in northern Tibet is an indication of a relatively dry crust. The low S wave velocity in the lower crust of northern Tibet is interpreted to be due to a combination of compositional differences, high temperatures, presumably caused by a high mantle heat flux, and possibly small amounts of partial melt. Combined with all available observations in Tibet, the new surface wave results are consistent with a hot and weak upper mantle beneath northern Tibet. C1 New Mexico State Univ, Dept Phys, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Rapine, R (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, Dept Phys, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. EM rrapine@nmsu.edu; west@nmsu.edu; jni@nmsu.edu; rodgers@s34.llnl.gov RI Rodgers, Arthur/E-2443-2011; Tilmann, Frederik/E-4293-2012 OI Tilmann, Frederik/0000-0002-7439-8782 NR 63 TC 78 Z9 82 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9313 EI 2169-9356 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth PD FEB 25 PY 2003 VL 108 IS B2 AR 2120 DI 10.1029/2001JB000445 PG 11 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 664RX UT WOS:000182075700001 ER PT J AU Bloom, I Jones, SA Polzin, EG Battaglia, VS Henriksen, GL Motloch, CG Wright, RB Jungst, RG Case, HL Doughty, DH AF Bloom, I Jones, SA Polzin, EG Battaglia, VS Henriksen, GL Motloch, CG Wright, RB Jungst, RG Case, HL Doughty, DH TI Mechanisms of impedance rise in high-power, lithium-ion cells (vol 111, pg 152, 2002) SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Correction C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Electrochem Technol Program, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Bloom, I (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Electrochem Technol Program, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD FEB 25 PY 2003 VL 114 IS 1 BP 180 EP 180 DI 10.1016/S0378-7753(02)00644-4 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 653YF UT WOS:000181464100021 ER PT J AU Wiyatno, W Fuller, GG Pople, JA Gast, AP Chen, ZR Waymouth, RM Myers, CL AF Wiyatno, W Fuller, GG Pople, JA Gast, AP Chen, ZR Waymouth, RM Myers, CL TI Component stress-strain behavior and small-angle neutron scattering investigation of stereoblock elastomeric polypropylene SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-SCATTERING; CHAIN-BRANCHED POLYETHYLENES; GROUP-IVB CATALYSTS; PROPYLENE POLYMERIZATION; ZIRCONOCENE CATALYSTS; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; METALLOCENE CATALYSTS; 2-STATE PROPAGATION; SOLID-STATE; BLENDS AB Elastomeric polypropylene (ePP) produced from unbridged 2-arylindene metallocene catalysts was studied by uniaxial tensile and small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) techniques. The ePP can be separated into the following: a low tacticity fraction soluble in ether (ES), an intermediate tacticity fraction soluble in heptane (HS), and a high tacticity fraction insoluble in heptane (HI). Tensile properties of ePP were compared to its solvent fractions, and the role of each solvent fraction residing within ePP was investigated by blending 5 wt % deuterated fraction with ePP. The tensile properties of each fraction vary considerably, exhibiting properties from a weak gum elastomer for ES, to a semicrystalline thermoplastic for HI. The intermediate tacticity HS fraction exhibits elastic properties similar to the parent elastomer (ePP). In the melt at 160 degreesC, SANS shows that all deuterated fractions are homogeneously mixed with ePP. Slow cooling from the melt to 25 degreesC causes the low tacticity fraction to preferentially segregate in amorphous domains due to different crystallization temperatures and kinetics although, despite its low crystallinity (less than or equal to2%), the low tacticity fraction can cocrystallize with the matrix. The dES-ePP shows little or no relaxation when held under strain and recovers readily upon the release of stress. The high tacticity component (dHI-ePP) retains its plastic properties in the blend. C1 Stanford Univ, Dept Chem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. MIT, Dept Chem Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Chem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. BP Chem Co, Res Ctr, Naperville, IL 60566 USA. RP Waymouth, RM (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Chem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. OI Waymouth, Robert/0000-0001-9862-9509 NR 78 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD FEB 25 PY 2003 VL 36 IS 4 BP 1178 EP 1187 DI 10.1021/na020477q PG 10 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 647WN UT WOS:000181117200032 ER PT J AU Stolyarov, VV Zhu, YT Alexandrov, IV Lowe, TC Valiev, RZ AF Stolyarov, VV Zhu, YT Alexandrov, IV Lowe, TC Valiev, RZ TI Grain refinement and properties of pure Ti processed by warm ECAP and cold rolling SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE equal channel angular pressing; cold rolling; ultrafine grain; titanium; microstructure; property ID SEVERE PLASTIC-DEFORMATION; CHANNEL ANGULAR EXTRUSION; MICROSTRUCTURE; ALUMINUM; TITANIUM AB This work explored a two-step severe plastic deformation process to produce ultrafine-grained (UFG) Ti with significantly enhanced strength. Warm equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) was first used to refine the grain size of Ti billets to about 350 nm. The Ti billets were further processed by repetitive cold rolling (CR). This two-step process produced UFG Ti with strengths higher than those of common titanium alloys such as Ti-6Al-4V. This paper reports the microstructures, tensile properties, and thermal stability of these Ti billets processed by a combination of warm ECAP and CR. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Ufa State Aviat Tech Univ, Inst Phys Adv Mat, Ufa 450000, Russia. RP Zhu, YT (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Main Stop K763, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Zhu, Yuntian/B-3021-2008 OI Zhu, Yuntian/0000-0002-5961-7422 NR 27 TC 243 Z9 273 U1 9 U2 68 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD FEB 25 PY 2003 VL 343 IS 1-2 BP 43 EP 50 AR PII S0921-5093(02)00366-0 DI 10.1016/S0921-5093(02)00366-0 PG 8 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 626XP UT WOS:000179899400007 ER PT J AU Kunnavakkam, MV Houlihan, FM Schlax, M Liddle, JA Kolodner, P Nalamasu, O Rogers, JA AF Kunnavakkam, MV Houlihan, FM Schlax, M Liddle, JA Kolodner, P Nalamasu, O Rogers, JA TI Low-cost, low-loss microlens arrays fabricated by soft-lithography replication process SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB This letter describes a soft lithographic approach for fabricating low-cost, low-loss microlens arrays. An accurate negative reproduction (stamp) of an existing high-quality lens surface (master) is made by thermally curing a prepolymer to a silicone elastomer against the master. Fabricating the stamp on a rigid backing plate minimizes distortion of its surface relief. Dispensing a liquid photocurable epoxy loaded to high weight percent with functionalized silica nanoparticles into the features of relief on the mold and then curing this material with UV radiation against a quartz substrate generates a replica lens array. The physical and optical characteristics of the resulting lenses suggest that the approach will be suitable for a range of applications in micro and integrated optics. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Cornell Univ, Alliance Nanomed Technol, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. Clariant Corp, Somerville, NJ 08876 USA. Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Bell Labs, Lucent Technol, Murray Hill, NJ 07974 USA. RP Kunnavakkam, MV (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Alliance Nanomed Technol, 311 Stocking Hall, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. RI Liddle, James/A-4867-2013 OI Liddle, James/0000-0002-2508-7910 NR 9 TC 112 Z9 112 U1 3 U2 37 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 24 PY 2003 VL 82 IS 8 BP 1152 EP 1154 DI 10.1063/1.1555694 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 646ZD UT WOS:000181066000004 ER PT J AU Koleske, DD Coltrin, ME Allerman, AA Cross, KC Mitchell, CC Figiel, JJ AF Koleske, DD Coltrin, ME Allerman, AA Cross, KC Mitchell, CC Figiel, JJ TI In situ measurements of GaN nucleation layer decompostion SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; BUFFER LAYER; THERMAL-TREATMENT; GROWTH; EVOLUTION; SAPPHIRE; QUALITY; H-2 AB GaN nucleation layer (NL) decomposition was measured using optical reflectance over a wide range of pressure P, temperature T, and H-2/NH3 gas mixture. The GaN NLs show measurable decomposition above 800 degreesC and do not significantly roughen until above 960 degreesC. The NL decomposition rates increase with increasing P, increasing T, and decreasing NH3 flow. An activation energy E-A of 2.68 eV was measured (from 820 to 960 degreesC) for NL decomposition and an E-A of 2.62 eV was measured (from 900 to 1075 degreesC) for decomposition of thick, high-T bulk GaN films. Depending on P, the pre-exponential factor A(0) was four to nine times larger for NL decomposition compared to bulk GaN decomposition. The E-A measured for both NL and bulk GaN decomposition in mixed H-2 and NH3 flows is similar to the E-A for Ga desorption, suggesting that the rate-limiting step for both NL and bulk GaN decomposition is Ga desorption. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Koleske, DD (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 13 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 2 U2 25 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 24 PY 2003 VL 82 IS 8 BP 1170 EP 1172 DI 10.1063/1.1555264 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 646ZD UT WOS:000181066000010 ER PT J AU Al-Kuhaili, MF Glosser, R Wickenden, AE Koleske, DD Henry, RL AF Al-Kuhaili, MF Glosser, R Wickenden, AE Koleske, DD Henry, RL TI Electroreflectance of hexagonal gallium nitride at the fundamental and E-1 spectral regions SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; GAN EPITAXIAL LAYERS; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; WURTZITE GAN; INTERBAND-TRANSITIONS; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; ELECTRIC-FIELD; PHOTOREFLECTANCE; SEMICONDUCTORS; SCATTERING AB We have measured the room-temperature electroreflectance (ER) of hexagonal gallium nitride. Our measurements were obtained at the fundamental optical gap and at the E-1 critical point regions. The measurements were performed using front contact ER. In the fundamental region, the ER spectra were found to be of excitonic nature and in the low field regime. In the E-1 region, the ER spectra were also in the low field regime, but were fitted with two-dimensional critical points. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 King Fahd Univ Petr & Minerals, Dept Phys, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia. Univ Texas, Dept Phys, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Al-Kuhaili, MF (reprint author), King Fahd Univ Petr & Minerals, Dept Phys, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia. RI Al-Kuhaili, Mohammad/B-5965-2015 OI Al-Kuhaili, Mohammad/0000-0001-5453-7645 NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 24 PY 2003 VL 82 IS 8 BP 1203 EP 1205 DI 10.1063/1.1556964 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 646ZD UT WOS:000181066000021 ER PT J AU Young, DL Geisz, JF Coutts, TJ AF Young, DL Geisz, JF Coutts, TJ TI Nitrogen-induced decrease of the electron effective mass in GaAs1-xNx thin films measured by thermomagnetic transport phenomena SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID STATES EFFECTIVE-MASS; HEAVILY-DOPED GAAS; SCATTERING PARAMETER; BAND-GAP; ALLOYS AB Thin films of GaAs1-xNx were grown on insulating GaAs substrates and subjected to temperature-dependent resistivity, Hall, Seebeck, and Nernst coefficient measurements. Density of states, effective-mass values, which are calculated from the transport data, decrease from 0.084m(e) to 0.029m(e) as x increases from 0 to 0.004. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Young, DL (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM david_young@nrel.gov NR 23 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 24 PY 2003 VL 82 IS 8 BP 1236 EP 1238 DI 10.1063/1.1554777 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 646ZD UT WOS:000181066000032 ER PT J AU Scarpulla, MA Dubon, OD Yu, KM Monteiro, O Pillai, MR Aziz, MJ Ridgway, MC AF Scarpulla, MA Dubon, OD Yu, KM Monteiro, O Pillai, MR Aziz, MJ Ridgway, MC TI Ferromagnetic Ga1-xMnxAs produced by ion implantation and pulsed-laser melting SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SEMICONDUCTORS; GAAS; MNAS; PARTICLES AB We demonstrate the formation of ferromagnetic Ga1-xMnxAs films by Mn ion implantation into GaAs followed by pulsed-laser melting. Irradiation with a single excimer laser pulse results in the epitaxial regrowth of the implanted layer with Mn substitutional fraction up to 80% and effective Curie temperature up to 29 K for samples with a maximum Mn concentration of xapproximate to0.03. A remanent magnetization persisting above 85 K has been observed for samples with xapproximate to0.10, in which 40% of the Mn resides on substitutional lattice sites. We find that the ferromagnetism in Ga1-xMnxAs is rather robust to the presence of structural defects. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Harvard Univ, Div Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Phys Sci & Engn, Dept Elect Mat Engn, Canberra, ACT, Australia. RP Scarpulla, MA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Scarpulla, Michael/C-7941-2009; Yu, Kin Man/J-1399-2012; Ridgway, Mark/D-9626-2011; OI Yu, Kin Man/0000-0003-1350-9642; Ridgway, Mark/0000-0002-0642-0108; Scarpulla, Michael/0000-0002-6084-6839 NR 11 TC 78 Z9 78 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 24 PY 2003 VL 82 IS 8 BP 1251 EP 1253 DI 10.1063/1.1555260 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 646ZD UT WOS:000181066000037 ER PT J AU Chambers, SA Droubay, T Wang, CM Lea, AS Farrow, RFC Folks, L Deline, V Anders, S AF Chambers, SA Droubay, T Wang, CM Lea, AS Farrow, RFC Folks, L Deline, V Anders, S TI Clusters and magnetism in epitaxial Co-doped TiO2 anatase SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GROWTH AB We show that under certain conditions, highly Co-enriched TiO2 anatase clusters nucleate on epitaxial TiO2 anatase grown on LaAlO3(001) by oxygen plasma assisted molecular beam epitaxy. In the most extreme cases, virtually all incident Co segregates to the clusters, yielding a nanoscale ferromagnetic phase that is not ferromagnetic in homogeneous films of the same Co concentration. The nucleation of this phase simultaneous with continuous epitaxial film growth must be carefully monitored in order to avoid drawing false conclusions about the film structure. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental Sci Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. IBM Corp, Almaden Res Ctr, San Jose, CA 95120 USA. RP Chambers, SA (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental Sci Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI Folks, Liesl/C-7611-2016; Raoux, Simone/G-3920-2016; Droubay, Tim/D-5395-2016; OI Folks, Liesl/0000-0003-0161-957X; Droubay, Tim/0000-0002-8821-0322; Lea, Alan/0000-0002-4232-1553 NR 9 TC 176 Z9 181 U1 0 U2 19 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 24 PY 2003 VL 82 IS 8 BP 1257 EP 1259 DI 10.1063/1.1556173 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 646ZD UT WOS:000181066000039 ER PT J AU Mozyrsky, D Martin, I Pelekhov, D Hammel, PC AF Mozyrsky, D Martin, I Pelekhov, D Hammel, PC TI Theory of spin relaxation in magnetic resonance force microscopy SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB We study relaxation of a spin in magnetic resonance force microscopy (MRFM) experiments. We evaluate the relaxation rate for the spin caused by high-frequency mechanical noise of the cantilever under the conditions of adiabatic spin inversion. We find quantitative agreement between the obtained relaxation time and the experimental results of B. C. Stipe, H. J. Mamin, C. S. Yannoni, T. D. Stowe, T. W. Kenny, and D. Rugar [Phys. Rev. Lett. 87, 277602 (2001)]. Based on our analysis, we propose a method for improving the MRFM sensitivity by engineering cantilevers with reduced tip positional fluctuations. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM i-martin@lanl.gov RI Hammel, P Chris/O-4845-2014 OI Hammel, P Chris/0000-0002-4138-4798 NR 12 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 24 PY 2003 VL 82 IS 8 BP 1278 EP 1280 DI 10.1063/1.1554769 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 646ZD UT WOS:000181066000046 ER PT J AU Fujdala, KL Oliver, AG Hollander, FJ Tilley, TD AF Fujdala, KL Oliver, AG Hollander, FJ Tilley, TD TI Tris(tert-butoxy)siloxy derivatives of boron, including the boronous acid HOB[OSi((OBu)-Bu-t)(3)](2) and the metal (siloxy)boryloxide complex CP2Zr(Me)OB[OSi((OBu)-Bu-t)(3)](2): A remarkable crystal structure with 18 independent molecules in its asymmetric unit SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SOL-GEL PROCESS; SILICA MATERIALS; THERMOLYTIC TRANSFORMATION; TRIALKOXYSILOXY COMPLEXES; OLEFIN POLYMERIZATION; METALLOCENE CATALYSTS; MULTICOMPONENT OXIDES; MESOPOROUS SILICA; NONPOLAR MEDIA; PRECURSORS AB Silanolysis of B(O'Bu)(3) with 2 and 3 equiv of HOSi(O'Bu)(3) led to the formation of 'BuOB[OSi(O'Bu)(3)](2) (1) and B[OSi(O'Bu)(3)](3) (2), respectively. Compounds 1 and 2 are efficient single-source molecular precursors to B/Si/O materials via thermolytic routes in nonpolar media, as demonstrated by the generation of BO1.5.2SiO(2) (BOSi2(xg)) and BO1.5.3SiO(2) (BOSi3(xg)) xerogels, respectively. Use of a block copolymer template provided B/Si/O materials (BOSi2(epe) and BOSi3(epe)) with a broad distribution of mesopores (by N-2 porosimetry) and smaller, more uniform particle sizes (by TEM) as compared to the nontemplated materials. Hydrolyses of 1 and 2 with excess H2O resulted in formation of the expected amounts of 'BuOH and HOSi(O'Bu)3; however, reaction of 1 with 1 equiv of H2O led to isolation of the new boronous acid HOB[OSi(O'Bu)(3)](2) (3). This ligand precursor is well suited for the synthesis of new metal (siloxy)boryloxide complexes via proton-transfer reactions involving the BOH group. The reaction of 3 with CP2ZrMe2 resulted in formation Of Cp2Zr(Me)OB[OSi(O'Bu)(3)](2) (4) in high yield. This rare example of a transition metal boryloxide complex crystallizes in the triclinic space group P1 and exhibits a crystal structure with an unprecedented number of independent molecules in its asymmetric unit (i.e., Z' = 18 and Z = 36). This unusual crystal structure presented an opportunity to perform statistical analyses of the metric parameters for the 18 crystallographically independent molecules. Complex 4 readily converts to Cp2Zr[OSi(O'Bu)(3)](2) (5) upon thermolysis or upon dissolution in Et2O at room temperature. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Coll Chem, Xray Crystallog Facil,CHEXRAY, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Oliver, AG (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Coll Chem, Xray Crystallog Facil,CHEXRAY, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 82 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD FEB 24 PY 2003 VL 42 IS 4 BP 1140 EP 1150 DI 10.1021/ic0205482 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 647WC UT WOS:000181116200034 PM 12588150 ER PT J AU Bedaque, PF Rupak, G Griesshammer, HW Hammer, HW AF Bedaque, PF Rupak, G Griesshammer, HW Hammer, HW TI Low energy expansion in the three body system to all orders and the triton channel SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article DE effective field theory; three body system; three body force; Faddeev equation ID NEUTRON-DEUTERON SCATTERING; EFFECTIVE-FIELD THEORY; SHORT-RANGE INTERACTIONS; LENGTHS AB We extend and systematise the power counting for the three-body system, in the context of the "pion-less" Effective Field Theory approach, to all orders in the low-energy expansion. We show that a sub-leading part of the three-body force appears at the third order and delineate how the expansion proceeds at higher orders. After discussing the renormalisation issues in a simple bosonic model, we compute the phase shifts for neutron-deuteron scattering in the doublet S wave (triton) channel and compare our results with phase shift analysis and potential model calculations. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, Inst Theoret Phys T39, D-85747 Garching, Germany. Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. ECT, I-38050 Trento, Italy. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Griesshammer, HW (reprint author), Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, Inst Theoret Phys T39, D-85747 Garching, Germany. EM pfbedaque@lbl.gov; grupak@lbl.gov; hgrie@physik.tu-muenchen.de; hammer@mps.ohio-state.edu NR 32 TC 113 Z9 113 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 EI 1873-1554 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD FEB 24 PY 2003 VL 714 IS 3-4 BP 589 EP 610 DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(02)01402-1 PG 22 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 644NX UT WOS:000180925600011 ER PT J AU Chacon, L Knoll, DA Finn, JM AF Chacon, L Knoll, DA Finn, JM TI Hall MHD effects on the 2D Kelvin-Helmholtz/tearing instability SO PHYSICS LETTERS A LA English DT Article DE Kelvin-Helmholtz instability; tearing instability; Hall MHD; collisionless reconnection; current-vortex sheets ID RESISTIVE TEARING MODE; MAGNETIC RECONNECTION CHALLENGE; SHEAR-FLOW; COLLISIONLESS RECONNECTION; LARMOR RADIUS; VISCOSITY; EVOLUTION; PLASMA; FIELDS AB The Kelvin-Helmholtz (KHI)/tearing (TMI) instability is studied with a 2D incompressible Hall MHD model. In the equilibrium configuration of interest, the magnetic and ion velocity fields are parallel and identically sheared. While in resistive MHD simultaneous growth of a TMI and a KHI is precluded, Hall physics, by decoupling electrons and ions, destabilizes both modes, leading to a more complex interaction. Nonlinearly, saturation occurs with the formation of a magnetic island and an ion flow vortex in both sub- and super-Alfvenic regimes. For moderately large c/w(pi), the electron flow shows good aligment with the magnetic field, while demagnetized ions still show KH activity. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Chacon, L (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, MS K717,T-15, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 32 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9601 J9 PHYS LETT A JI Phys. Lett. A PD FEB 24 PY 2003 VL 308 IS 2-3 BP 187 EP 197 DI 10.1016/S0375-9601(02)01807-8 PG 11 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 648GG UT WOS:000181141500017 ER PT J AU Barrett, C Hunt, HB Marathe, MV Ravi, SS Rosenkrantz, DJ Steams, RE AF Barrett, C Hunt, HB Marathe, MV Ravi, SS Rosenkrantz, DJ Steams, RE TI Reachability problems for sequential dynamical systems with threshold functions SO THEORETICAL COMPUTER SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 26th International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science CY AUG 27-31, 2001 CL MARIANSKE LAZNE, CZECH REPUBLIC SP Acad Sci Czech Republ, Math Inst, Inst Theoret Comp Sci, Inst Comp Sci, Act M Agcy DE computational complexity; theory of simulation; dynamical systems; Hopfield networks; communicating finite state machines; cellular automata ID FINITE-STATE MACHINES; CELLULAR-AUTOMATA; COMPLEXITY; NETWORKS AB A sequential dynamical system (SDS) over a domain D is a triple (G, F, pi), where (i) G(V,E) is an undirected graph with n nodes with each node having a state value from D, (ii) F = {f(1),f(2),..f(n)} is a set of local transition functions with f(i) denoting the local transition function associated with node v(i) and (iii) pi is a permutation of (i.e., a total order on) the nodes in V. A single SDS transition is obtained by updating the states of the nodes in V by evaluating the function associated with each of them in the order given by pi. We consider reachability problems for SDSs with restricted local transition functions. Our main intractability results show that the reachability problems for SDSs are PSPACE-complete when either of the following restrictions hold: (i) F consists of both simple-threshold-functions and simple-inverted-threshold functions, or (ii) F consists only of threshold-functions that use weights in an asymmetric manner. Moreover, the results hold even for SDSs whose underlying graphs have bounded node degree and bounded pathwidth. Our lower bound results also extend to reachability problems for Hopfield networks and communicating finite state machines. On the positive side, we show that when F consists only of threshold functions that use weights in a symmetric manner, reachability problems can be solved efficiently provided all the weights are strictly positive and the ratio of the largest to the smallest weight is bounded by a polynomial function of the number of nodes. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. SUNY Albany, Dept Comp Sci, Albany, NY 12222 USA. RP Ravi, SS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663,MS M997, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 37 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3975 J9 THEOR COMPUT SCI JI Theor. Comput. Sci. PD FEB 24 PY 2003 VL 295 IS 1-3 BP 41 EP 64 AR PII S0304-3975(02)00395-X DI 10.1016/S0304-3975(02)00395-X PG 24 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA 647ZV UT WOS:000181124700004 ER PT J AU Feller, D Peterson, KA de Jong, WA Dixon, DA AF Feller, D Peterson, KA de Jong, WA Dixon, DA TI Performance of coupled cluster theory in thermochemical calculations of small halogenated compounds SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID GAUSSIAN-BASIS SETS; CORRELATED MOLECULAR CALCULATIONS; TOTAL ATOMIZATION ENERGIES; DIATOMIC DISSOCIATION-ENERGIES; DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORIES; HIGHER-ORDER CORRELATION; WAVE-FUNCTIONS; SYSTEMATIC SEQUENCES; TRIPLE EXCITATIONS; HARTREE-FOCK AB Atomization energies at 0 K and heats of formation at 298 K were obtained for a collection of small halogenated molecules from coupled cluster theory including noniterative, quasiperturbative triple excitations calculations with large basis sets (up through augmented septuple zeta quality in some cases). In order to achieve near chemical accuracy (+/-1 kcal/mol) in the thermodynamic properties, we adopted a composite theoretical approach which incorporated estimated complete basis set binding energies based on frozen core coupled cluster theory energies and (up to) five corrections: (1) a core/valence correction; (2) a Douglas-Kroll-Hess scalar relativistic correction; (3) a first-order atomic spin-orbit correction; (4) a second-order spin-orbit correction for heavy elements; and (5) an approximate correction to account for the remaining correlation energy. The last of these corrections is based on a recently proposed approximation to full configuration interaction via a continued fraction approximant for coupled cluster theory [CCSD(T)-cf]. Failure to consider corrections (1) to (4) can introduce errors significantly in excess of the target accuracy of +/-1 kcal/mol. Although some cancellation of error may occur if one or more of these corrections is omitted, such a situation is by no means universal and cannot be relied upon for high accuracy. The accuracy of the Douglas-Kroll-Hess approach was calibrated against both new and previously published four-component Dirac Coulomb results at the coupled cluster level of theory. In addition, vibrational zero-point energies were computed at the coupled cluster level of theory for those polyatomic systems lacking an experimental anharmonic value. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Washington State Univ, Dept Chem, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Feller, D (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, MS K8-91, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI DE JONG, WIBE/A-5443-2008 OI DE JONG, WIBE/0000-0002-7114-8315 NR 93 TC 160 Z9 163 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD FEB 22 PY 2003 VL 118 IS 8 BP 3510 EP 3522 DI 10.1063/1.1532314 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 642KP UT WOS:000180803800009 ER PT J AU Kalosakas, G Rasmussen, KO Bishop, AR AF Kalosakas, G Rasmussen, KO Bishop, AR TI Charge trapping in DNA due to intrinsic vibrational hot spots SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; NONLINEAR MODEL; POLARON MOTION; DENATURATION; MOLECULES; MIGRATION; TRANSPORT; LATTICES; NOISE AB We study temperature effects on the characteristic time for which charge carriers remain spatially confined while interacting with fluctuational openings (bubbles) of double stranded DNA. Using semiclassical molecular-dynamics simulations, we find that in the low-temperature regime this characteristic time decreases in a power-law fashion with temperature and coincides with the polaronic lifetime. However, above 50-70 K the confinement time exhibits an exponential increase with temperature. We demonstrate that this enhanced trapping is a result of intrinsic dynamical structural disorder resulting from thermal fluctuations. Specifically, nonlinearity-induced hot spots in the lattice subsystem form breathing potential barriers confining the charge for substantially longer times. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Kalosakas, G (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM kor@lanl.gov RI Rasmussen, Kim/B-5464-2009; Kalosakas, George/L-6211-2013 OI Rasmussen, Kim/0000-0002-4029-4723; Kalosakas, George/0000-0001-7763-718X NR 27 TC 46 Z9 47 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD FEB 22 PY 2003 VL 118 IS 8 BP 3731 EP 3735 DI 10.1063/1.1539091 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 642KP UT WOS:000180803800035 ER PT J AU Ostrom, H Triguero, L Weiss, K Ogasawara, H Garnier, MG Nordlund, D Nyberg, M Pettersson, LGM Nilsson, A AF Ostrom, H Triguero, L Weiss, K Ogasawara, H Garnier, MG Nordlund, D Nyberg, M Pettersson, LGM Nilsson, A TI Orbital rehybridization in n-octane adsorbed on Cu(110) SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID RAY-EMISSION SPECTROSCOPY; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; CYCLIC HYDROCARBONS; CORRELATION-ENERGY; AB-INITIO; GAS-PHASE; ALKANES; ADSORPTION; CU(100); MOLECULES AB We have investigated the local electronic structure of n-octane adsorbed on the Cu(110) surface using symmetry-resolved x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and x-ray emission spectroscopy (XES) in combination with density functional theory (DFT) spectrum calculations. We found new adsorption-induced states in the XE spectra, which we assign to interaction between the bonding CH orbitals and the metal surface. By performing a systematic investigation of the influence of different structural parameters on the XA and XE spectra, we conclude that the molecular geometry is significantly distorted relative to the gas-phase structure. The bonding to the surface leads to a strengthening of the carbon-carbon bonds and a weakening of the carbon-hydrogen bonds, consistent with a rehybridization of the carbons from sp(3) to sp(2.8). (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Stockholm, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. KTH Syd, S-13640 Haninge, Sweden. Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys, S-75121 Uppsala, Sweden. Univ Basel, Inst Phys, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland. Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Univ Stockholm, Dept Phys, Vanadisvagen 9, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. EM nilsson@ssrl.slac.stanford.edu RI Nordlund, Dennis/A-8902-2008; Nilsson, Anders/E-1943-2011; Pettersson, Lars/F-8428-2011; Pettersson, Lars/J-4925-2013; Ogasawara, Hirohito/D-2105-2009 OI Nordlund, Dennis/0000-0001-9524-6908; Nilsson, Anders/0000-0003-1968-8696; Pettersson, Lars/0000-0003-1133-9934; Ogasawara, Hirohito/0000-0001-5338-1079 NR 45 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 EI 1089-7690 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD FEB 22 PY 2003 VL 118 IS 8 BP 3782 EP 3789 DI 10.1063/1.1539866 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 642KP UT WOS:000180803800041 ER PT J AU Gee, RH Fried, LE AF Gee, RH Fried, LE TI Ultrafast crystallization of polar polymer melts SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; POLY(VINYLIDENE FLUORIDE); CRYSTAL NUCLEATION; LIQUID; PHASE; TEMPERATURE; ALKANES; CHAIN; ORDER AB Primary nucleation of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (pVDF) from bulk entangled amorphous polymer melts has been observed from molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. This is the first instance of spontaneous primary nucleation of an entangled bulk polymer in a MD simulation. The melt-to-crystal phase transition occurs via a three-stage process. The ordered phase is found to consist of mainly chain-folded lamella with predominantly adjacent re-entry. The observed crystal polymorphs correspond to either the well known beta phase or form I polymorph or a crystal structure that does not coincide with any of the known experimental polymorphs for pVDF, but is found to be strikingly similar to the beta structure but with antiparallel alignment of the dipole moments normal to the polymer chain axis. The time required for the onset of nucleation is found to decrease with the number of monomers in the polymer, while the opposite is found for the growth rate of the crystal. We find that the crystallization of the polymer is mediated by electrostatics; in fact the crystal structure spontaneously melts when the electrostatic interactions are removed. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Gee, RH (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RI Fried, Laurence/L-8714-2014 OI Fried, Laurence/0000-0002-9437-7700 NR 39 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD FEB 22 PY 2003 VL 118 IS 8 BP 3827 EP 3834 DI 10.1063/1.1532346 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 642KP UT WOS:000180803800045 ER PT J AU Crozier, PS Stevens, MJ AF Crozier, PS Stevens, MJ TI Simulations of single grafted polyelectrolyte chains: ssDNA and dsDNA SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; BRUSHES; SURFACES; SYSTEMS; SALT AB The structure of a single, grafted polyelectrolyte, DNA, is investigated by molecular dynamics simulations. The polyelectrolyte is treated as a bead-spring model with explicit charges using parametrizations of both flexible (ssDNA) and stiff (dsDNA) polyelectrolytes. In this single chain limit with no added salt, the flexible ssDNA is always highly extended. Counterion condensation on both molecules is found to be chain length dependent. The counterion distribution is not localized to the chain volume as in related polyelectrolyte brush states. Even at large chain lengths, where the majority of counterions are condensed, a significant fraction of counterions reside far from the chain. The distributions of positions of the nongrafted end monomer for ssDNA and dsDNA differ significantly, indicating a possibility for distinguishing the two states in DNA array technologies.(C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Crozier, PS (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,MS 0316, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 25 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD FEB 22 PY 2003 VL 118 IS 8 BP 3855 EP 3860 DI 10.1063/1.1540098 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 642KP UT WOS:000180803800048 ER PT J AU Harris, SP Heller, WT Greaser, ML Moss, RL Trewhella, J AF Harris, SP Heller, WT Greaser, ML Moss, RL Trewhella, J TI Solution structure of heavy meromyosin by small-angle scattering SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CROSS-BRIDGE ATTACHMENT; SMOOTH-MUSCLE MYOSIN; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; THICK FILAMENTS; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; TAIL JUNCTION; SHAPE CHANGES; TROPONIN-C; 2 HEADS; ACTIN AB Elucidation of x-ray crystal structures for the S1 subfragment of myosin afforded atomic resolution of the nucleotide and actin binding sites of the enzyme. The structures have led to more detailed hypotheses regarding the mechanisms by which force generation is coupled to ATP hydrolysis. However, the three-dimensional structure of double-headed myosin consisting of two S1 subfragments has not yet been solved. Therefore, to investigate the overall shape and relative orientations of the two heads of myosin, we performed small-angle x-ray and neutron scattering measurements of heavy meromyosin containing all three light chains (LC(1-3)) in solution. The resulting small-angle scattering intensity profiles were best fit by models of the heavy meromyosin head-tail junction in which the angular separation between heads was less than 180 degrees. The S1 heads of the best fit models are not related by an axis of symmetry, and one of the two S(1) heads is bent back along the rod. These results provide new information on the structure of the head-tail junction of myosin and indicate that combining scattering measurements with high resolution structural modeling is a feasible approach for investigating myosin head-head interactions in solution. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Dept Physiol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Meat Sci & Muscle Biol Lab, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Harris, SP (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Dept Physiol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM spharris@physiology.wisc.edu RI Greaser, Marion/C-6147-2012; OI Greaser, Marion/0000-0002-6583-9566; Trewhella, Jill/0000-0002-8555-6766 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [P01-HL47053, HL10161-02] NR 49 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD FEB 21 PY 2003 VL 278 IS 8 BP 6034 EP 6040 DI 10.1074/jbc.M210558200 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 648BF UT WOS:000181129400069 PM 12466269 ER PT J AU Clementi, C Garcia, AE Onuchic, JN AF Clementi, C Garcia, AE Onuchic, JN TI Interplay among tertiary contacts, secondary structure formation and side-chain packing in the protein folding mechanism: All-atom representation study of protein L SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE protein folding; transition state; Phi-value analysis; molecular dynamics simulations ID CALORIMETRIC 2-STATE COOPERATIVITY; TRANSITION-STATE ENSEMBLE; 3-HELIX BUNDLE PROTEIN; BETA-HAIRPIN FORMATION; FREE-ENERGY SURFACE; RELATE 2 SETS; SHEET PROTEINS; TOPOLOGY; KINETICS; MODEL AB Experimental and theoretical results suggest that, since proteins are energetically minimally frustrated, the native fold, or topology, plays a primary role in determining the structure of the transition state ensemble and on-pathway intermediate states in protein folding. Although the central role of native state topology in determining the folding mechanism is thought to be a quite general result-at least for small two-state folding proteins-there are remarkable exceptions. Recent experimental findings have shown that topology alone cannot always determine the folding mechanism, and demonstrated that the balance between topology and energetics is very delicate. This balance seems to be particularly critical in proteins with a highly symmetrical native structure, such as proteins L and G, which have similar native structure topology Out fold by different mechanisms. Simplified, C-alpha-atom only protein models have shown not be sufficient to differentiate these mechanisms. An all-atom Go model provides a valuable intermediate model between structurally simplified protein representations and all-atom protein simulations with explicit/implicit solvent descriptions. We present here a detailed study of an all-atom G (o) over bar -like representation of protein L, in close comparison with the experimental results and with the results obtained from a simple C-alpha-atom representation of the same protein. We also perform simulations for protein G, where we obtain a folding mechanism in which the protein symmetry is broken exactly in the opposite way to protein L as has been observed experimentally. A detailed analysis for protein L also shows that the role of specific residues is correctly and quantitatively reproduced by the all-atom G (o) over bar model over almost the entire protein. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Rice Univ, Dept Chem, Houston, TX 77005 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Biol & Biophys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Ctr Theoret Biol Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Clementi, C (reprint author), Rice Univ, Dept Chem, 6100 Main St, Houston, TX 77005 USA. NR 78 TC 130 Z9 133 U1 2 U2 11 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0022-2836 J9 J MOL BIOL JI J. Mol. Biol. PD FEB 21 PY 2003 VL 326 IS 3 BP 933 EP 954 DI 10.1016/S0022-2836(02)01379-7 PG 22 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 647JW UT WOS:000181090500023 PM 12581651 ER PT J AU Samuel, SA Weng, G AF Samuel, SA Weng, G TI Characterization of a branch of the phylogenetic tree SO JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID EXTINCTION; EVOLUTION AB We use a combination of analytic models and computer simulations to gain insight into the dynamics of evolution. Our results suggest that certain interesting phenomena should eventually emerge from the fossil record. For example, there should be a "tortoise and hare effect": those genera with the smallest species death rate are likely to survive much longer than genera with large species birth and death rates. A complete characterization of the behavior of a branch of the phylogenetic tree corresponding to a genus and accurate mathematical representations of the various stages are obtained. We apply our results to address certain controversial issues that have arisen in paleontology such as the importance of punctuated equilibrium and whether unique Cambrian phyla have survived to the present. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Pharmacol, New York, NY 10029 USA. RP Samuel, SA (reprint author), Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, MS 50A-5105,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM samuel@thrsv.lbl.gov NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0022-5193 J9 J THEOR BIOL JI J. Theor. Biol. PD FEB 21 PY 2003 VL 220 IS 4 BP 457 EP 468 DI 10.1006/jtbi.2003.3132 PG 12 WC Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA 657ZT UT WOS:000181697700003 PM 12623281 ER PT J AU Torres, DF Romero, GE Eiroa, EF Wambsganss, J Pessah, ME AF Torres, DF Romero, GE Eiroa, EF Wambsganss, J Pessah, ME TI Gravitational microlensing of gamma-ray blazars SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE gravitational lensing; galaxies : active; gamma-rays : observations; gamma-rays : theory ID NEWMAN BLACK-HOLES; EGRET SOURCES; SUPERNOVA REMNANT; BURST AFTERGLOWS; HIGH-LATITUDES; CENTRAL ENGINE; RADIO PULSARS; 2 YOUNG; X-RAY; LENS AB We present a detailed study of the effects of gravitational microlensing on compact and distant gamma-ray blazars. These objects have gamma-ray-emitting regions that are small enough to be affected by microlensing effects produced by stars lying in intermediate galaxies. We compute the gravitational magnification taking into account effects of the lensing and show that, whereas the innermost gamma-ray spheres can be significantly magnified, there is little magnification either for very high gamma-ray energies or for lower (radio) frequencies (because these wavelengths are emitted from larger regions). We analyse the temporal evolution of the gamma-ray magnification for sources moving in a caustic pattern field, where the combined effects of thousands of stars are taken into account using a numerical technique. We propose that some of the unidentified gamma-ray sources (particularly some of those lying at high galactic latitude with gamma-ray statistical properties that are very similar to detected gamma-ray blazars) are indeed the result of gravitational lensing magnification of background undetected active galactic nuclei (AGN). This is partly supported from a statistical point of view: we show herein as well, using the latest information from the third EGRET catalogue, that high-latitude gamma-ray sources have similar averaged properties to already detected gamma-ray AGN. Some differences between both samples, regarding the mean flux level, could also be understood within the lensing model. With an adequate selection of lensing parameters, it is possible to explain a variety of gamma-ray light curves with different time-scales, including non-variable sources. The absence of strong radio counterparts could be naturally explained by differential magnification in the extended source formalism. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Princeton Univ, Dept Phys, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Inst Agrentino Radioastron, RA-1894 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. Inst Astron & Fis Espacio, RA-1428 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. Univ Potsdam, Inst Phys, D-14469 Potsdam, Germany. Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Torres, DF (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave,L-413, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM dtorres@igpp.ucllnl.org RI Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016 OI Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065 NR 74 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0035-8711 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD FEB 21 PY 2003 VL 339 IS 2 BP 335 EP 352 DI 10.1046/j.1365-8711.2003.06219.x PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 645HT UT WOS:000180970700005 ER PT J AU Scranton, R AF Scranton, R TI Testing the halo model against the SDSS photometric survey SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE methods : numerical; large-scale structure of Universe ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; GALAXY FORMATION; POWER SPECTRUM; ANALYTIC MODEL; DARK; EVOLUTION; PROFILES; CONDENSATION; UNIVERSE; BIAS AB We present halo model predictions for the expected angular clustering and associated errors from the completed Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) photometric galaxy sample. These results are used to constrain halo model parameters under the assumption of a fixed LambdaCDM cosmology using standard Fisher matrix techniques. Given the ability of the five-colour SDSS photometry to separate galaxies into subpopulations by intrinsic colour, we also use extensions of the standard halo model formalism to calculate the expected clustering of red and blue galaxy subpopulations as a further test of the galaxy evolution included in the semi-analytical methods for populating dark matter haloes with galaxies. The extremely small sample variance and Poisson errors from the completed SDSS should result in very impressive constraints (similar to1-10 per cent) on the halo model parameters for a simple magnitude-limited sample and should provide an extremely useful check on the behaviour of current and future N -body simulations and semi-analytical techniques. We also show that similar constraints are possible using a narrow selection function, as would be possible using photometric redshifts, without making linear assumptions regarding the evolution of the underlying power spectra. In both cases, we explore the effects of uncertainty in the selection function on the resulting constraints and the degeneracies between various combinations of parameters. C1 Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. NASA, Fermilab Astrophys Ctr, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Scranton, R (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 5640 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. NR 37 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD FEB 21 PY 2003 VL 339 IS 2 BP 410 EP 426 DI 10.1046/j.1365-8711.2003.06174.x PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 645HT UT WOS:000180970700011 ER PT J AU Barletta, WA AF Barletta, WA TI Special issue: the KEK asymmetric B-factory SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Accelerator & Fus Res, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Barletta, WA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Accelerator & Fus Res, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD FEB 21 PY 2003 VL 499 IS 1 BP VII EP VII AR PII S0168-9002(02)01853-3 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01853-3 PG 1 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 652EA UT WOS:000181365800001 ER PT J AU Akai, K Akasaka, N Ebihara, K Ezura, E Furuya, T Hara, K Hosoyama, K Isagawa, S Kabe, A Kageyama, T Kojima, Y Mitsunobu, S Mizuno, H Morita, Y Nakai, H Nakanishi, H Ono, M Sakai, H Suetake, M Tajima, T Takeuchi, Y Yamazaki, Y Yoshimoto, S AF Akai, K Akasaka, N Ebihara, K Ezura, E Furuya, T Hara, K Hosoyama, K Isagawa, S Kabe, A Kageyama, T Kojima, Y Mitsunobu, S Mizuno, H Morita, Y Nakai, H Nakanishi, H Ono, M Sakai, H Suetake, M Tajima, T Takeuchi, Y Yamazaki, Y Yoshimoto, S TI RF systems for the KEK B-Factory SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE accelerator; B-factory; RF system; RE control; accelerating cavity; crab cavity AB This paper describes the design features and operational status of the RF systems for the KEK B-Factory (KEKB). Two types of new RF cavities have been developed to store very high-intensity beams with many short bunches. The design and performance of the cavities and other critical components, such as the input couplers and HOM dampers, are reported. The configuration of the RF systems is given and descriptions of various control loops are made, including a direct RF feedback loop and a 0-mode damping loop. The effects of transient beam loading due to a bunch gap on bunch phase modulations were simulated and measured. The development of a superconducting crab cavity, which is a component of luminosity upgrade strategy, is also presented. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 High Energy Accelerator Res Org, KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Ezura, E (reprint author), High Energy Accelerator Res Org, KEK, 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. NR 36 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD FEB 21 PY 2003 VL 499 IS 1 BP 45 EP 65 AR PII S0168-9002(02)01773-4 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01773-4 PG 21 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 652EA UT WOS:000181365800005 ER PT J AU Schuh, CA Minich, RW Kumar, M AF Schuh, CA Minich, RW Kumar, M TI Connectivity and percolation in simulated grain-boundary networks SO PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE LA English DT Article ID STRESS-CORROSION CRACKING; CHARACTER-DISTRIBUTION; INTERGRANULAR CRACKING; POLYCRYSTALS; ALLOYS; CREEP; MISORIENTATION; NI-16CR-9FE; RESISTANCE; FRACTURE AB Random percolation theory is a common basis for modelling intergranular phenomena such as cracking, corrosion or diffusion. However, crystallographic constraints in real micro structures dictate that grain boundaries are not assembled at random. In this work a Monte Carlo method is used to construct physically realistic networks composed of high-angle grain boundaries that are susceptible to intergranular attack, as well as twin-variant boundaries that are damage resistant. When crystallographic constraints are enforced, the simulated networks exhibit triple-junction distributions that agree with experiment and reveal the non-random nature of grain-boundary connectivity. The percolation threshold has been determined for several constrained boundary networks and is substantially different from the classical result of percolation theory; compared with a randomly assembled network, about 50-75% more resistant boundaries are required to break up the network of susceptible boundaries. Triple-junction distributions are also shown to capture many details of the correlated percolation problem and to provide a simple means of ranking micro structures. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Schuh, CA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM mukul@llnl.gov RI Schuh, Christopher/C-7947-2009 NR 34 TC 70 Z9 70 U1 2 U2 12 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1478-6443 J9 PHILOS MAG JI Philos. Mag. PD FEB 21 PY 2003 VL 83 IS 6 BP 711 EP 726 DI 10.1080/0141861021000056681 PG 16 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics GA 660TF UT WOS:000181848800004 ER PT J AU Chubukov, AV Finkel'stein, AM Haslinger, R Morr, DK AF Chubukov, AV Finkel'stein, AM Haslinger, R Morr, DK TI First-order superconducting transition near a ferromagnetic quantum critical point SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID WAVE SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; PHASE-TRANSITION; FERMI-LIQUID; P-WAVE; TEMPERATURE; BEHAVIOR; SYSTEMS; METALS AB We address the issue of how triplet superconductivity emerges in an electronic system near a ferromagnetic quantum critical point (FQCP). Previous studies found that the superconducting transition is of second order, and T-c is strongly reduced near the FQCP due to pair-breaking effects from thermal spin fluctuations. In contrast, we demonstrate that near the FQCP, the system avoids pair-breaking effects by undergoing a first order transition at a much larger T-c. A second order superconducting transition emerges only at some distance from the FQCP. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Phys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. RP Chubukov, AV (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA. OI Morr, Dirk/0000-0003-3692-2835 NR 21 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 21 PY 2003 VL 90 IS 7 AR 077002 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.077002 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 647JZ UT WOS:000181090800045 PM 12633265 ER PT J AU Ismail-Beigi, S Louie, SG AF Ismail-Beigi, S Louie, SG TI Excited-state forces within a first-principles Green's function formalism SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-HOLE EXCITATIONS; OPTICAL-SPECTRA; SEMICONDUCTORS; INSULATORS AB We present a new first-principles formalism for calculating forces for optically excited electronic states using the interacting Green's function approach with the GW Bethe-Salpeter-equation method. This advance allows for efficient computation of gradients of the excited-state Born-Oppenheimer energy, allowing for the study of relaxation, molecular dynamics, and photoluminescence of excited states. The approach is tested on photoexcited carbon dioxide and ammonia molecules, and the calculations accurately describe the excitation energies and photoinduced structural deformations. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Ismail-Beigi, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Ismail-Beigi, Sohrab/F-2382-2014 OI Ismail-Beigi, Sohrab/0000-0002-7331-9624 NR 16 TC 58 Z9 58 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 21 PY 2003 VL 90 IS 7 AR 076401 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.076401 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 647JZ UT WOS:000181090800033 PM 12633253 ER PT J AU Lin, JJA Paterson, D Peele, AG McMahon, PJ Chantler, CT Nugent, KA Lai, B Moldovan, N Cai, Z Mancini, DC McNulty, I AF Lin, JJA Paterson, D Peele, AG McMahon, PJ Chantler, CT Nugent, KA Lai, B Moldovan, N Cai, Z Mancini, DC McNulty, I TI Measurement of the spatial coherence function of undulator radiation using a phase mask SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID X-RAY LASER; DIFFRACTION; WAVELENGTH; LIGHT; BEAM AB A measurement of the horizontal coherence function of 7.9 keV radiation from an undulator beam line at the Advanced Photon Source is reported. X-ray diffraction from a phase-shifting mask was used, and the coherence function was measured as a function of the width of beam-conditioning slits in the beam line. The coherence distribution is found to be best described by a Lorentzian function. C1 Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia. RI Nugent, Keith/J-2699-2012; Chantler, Christopher/D-4744-2013; Nugent, Keith/I-4154-2016 OI Nugent, Keith/0000-0003-1522-8991; Chantler, Christopher/0000-0001-6608-0048; Nugent, Keith/0000-0002-4281-3478 NR 21 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 21 PY 2003 VL 90 IS 7 AR 074801 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.074801 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 647JZ UT WOS:000181090800013 PM 12633233 ER PT J AU Nikolenko, DM Arenhovel, H Barkov, LM Belostotsky, SL Dmitriev, VF Dyug, MV Gilman, R Holt, RJ Isaeva, LG de Jager, CW Kinney, ER Kowalczyk, RS Lazarenko, BA Loginov, AY Mishnev, SI Nelyubin, VV Osipov, AV Potterveld, DH Rachek, IA Sadykov, RS Shestakov, YV Sidorov, AA Stibunov, VN Toporkov, DK Vikhrov, VV de Vries, H Zevakov, SA AF Nikolenko, DM Arenhovel, H Barkov, LM Belostotsky, SL Dmitriev, VF Dyug, MV Gilman, R Holt, RJ Isaeva, LG de Jager, CW Kinney, ER Kowalczyk, RS Lazarenko, BA Loginov, AY Mishnev, SI Nelyubin, VV Osipov, AV Potterveld, DH Rachek, IA Sadykov, RS Shestakov, YV Sidorov, AA Stibunov, VN Toporkov, DK Vikhrov, VV de Vries, H Zevakov, SA TI Measurement of the tensor analyzing powers T-20 and T-21 in elastic electron-deuteron scattering SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MOMENTUM-TRANSFER; INTERNAL TARGET; POLARIZATION AB The tensor analyzing power components T-20 and T-21 have been measured in elastic electron-deuteron scattering at the 2 GeV electron storage ring VEPP-3, Novosibirsk, in a four-momentum transfer range from 8.4 to 21.6 fm(-2). A new polarized internal gas target with an intense cryogenic atomic beam source was used. The new data determine the deuteron form factors G(C) and G(Q) in an important range of momentum transfer where the first node of the deuteron monopole charge form factor is located. The new results are compared with previous data and with some theoretical predictions. C1 Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. Jogannes Gutenberg Univ, Inst Kernphys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany. St Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, Gatchina 188350, Russia. Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NIKHEF H, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Tomsk Polytech Univ, Inst Nucl Phys, Tomsk 634050, Russia. RP Nikolenko, DM (reprint author), Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. RI Holt, Roy/E-5803-2011; Dmitriev, Vladimir/G-3213-2013 NR 26 TC 40 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 21 PY 2003 VL 90 IS 7 AR 072501 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.072501 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 647JZ UT WOS:000181090800004 PM 12633224 ER PT J AU Chakravarthy, VK Conklin, JC Daw, CS D'Azevedo, EF AF Chakravarthy, VK Conklin, JC Daw, CS D'Azevedo, EF TI Multi-dimensional simulations of cold-start transients in a catalytic converter under steady inflow conditions SO APPLIED CATALYSIS A-GENERAL LA English DT Article DE monolith channels; cold start; light-off ID REACTOR AB A multi-channel model is used to study the impact of flow non-uniformity during cold-start transient operations of a catalytic converter. It is seen that inlet zone recirculation can lead to significant non-uniformity of the flow in the monolith, and this non-uniformity can lead to significant differences in ignition characteristics among the channels. These ignition differences are especially pronounced at lower exhaust temperatures, where the axial location of ignition can vary from one channel to another. It is suggested that this strong effect of temperature on ignition may explain some of the apparently contradictory conclusions about the impact of flow non-uniformities in the literature. The simulations here show that the index of non-uniformity, as defined in many past studies, is an inadequate measure of the full impact on ignition characteristics. For the same index of non-uniformity, the non-uniformity effects on ignition become less significant with increasing exhaust flow rate. This implies that more detailed simulations of flow and temperatures non-uniformities caused by the recirculation zones, heat losses at the boundaries and insufficient mixing upstream of the monolith can be relevant to practical applications. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Engn Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Chakravarthy, VK (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, POB 2008,Bldg 6025, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 20 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-860X J9 APPL CATAL A-GEN JI Appl. Catal. A-Gen. PD FEB 20 PY 2003 VL 241 IS 1-2 BP 289 EP 306 AR PII S0926-860X(02)00490-8 DI 10.1016/S0926-860X(02)00490-8 PG 18 WC Chemistry, Physical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 650JQ UT WOS:000181260400023 ER PT J AU Coble, K Dodelson, S Dragovan, M Ganga, K Knox, L Kovac, J Ratra, B Souradeep, T AF Coble, K Dodelson, S Dragovan, M Ganga, K Knox, L Kovac, J Ratra, B Souradeep, T TI Cosmic microwave background anisotropy measurement from Python V SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmic microwave background; cosmology : observations ID ANGULAR POWER SPECTRUM; DARK-MATTER COSMOGONIES; CONSTRAINTS; SKY AB We analyze observations of the microwave sky made with the Python experiment in its fifth year of operation at the Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station in Antarctica. After modeling the noise and constructing a map, we extract the cosmic signal from the data. We simultaneously estimate the angular power spectrum in eight bands ranging from large (1similar to40) to small (lsimilar to260) angular scales, with power detected in the first six bands. There is a significant rise in the power spectrum from large to smaller (lsimilar to200) scales, consistent with that expected from acoustic oscillations in the early universe. We compare this Python V map to a map made from data taken in the third year of Python. Python III observations were made at a frequency of 90 GHz and covered a subset of the region of the sky covered by Python V observations, which were made at 40 GHz. Good agreement is obtained both visually ( with a filtered version of the map) and via a likelihood ratio test. C1 Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Adler Planetarium & Astron Museum, Chicago, IL 60605 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. CALTECH, Ctr Infrared Proc & Anal, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Kansas State Univ, Dept Phys, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. Interuniv Ctr Astron & Astrophys, Pune 411007, Maharashtra, India. RP Coble, K (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, 5640 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RI Ratra, Bharat/I-4979-2012 NR 27 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 20 PY 2003 VL 584 IS 2 BP 585 EP 592 DI 10.1086/345714 PN 1 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 643WG UT WOS:000180884100006 ER PT J AU Schechter, PL Udalski, A Szymanski, M Kubiak, M Pietrzynski, G Soszynski, I Wozniak, P Zebrun, K Szewczyk, O Wyrzykowski, L AF Schechter, PL Udalski, A Szymanski, M Kubiak, M Pietrzynski, G Soszynski, I Wozniak, P Zebrun, K Szewczyk, O Wyrzykowski, L CA OGLE Collaboration TI Microlensing of relativistic knots in the quasar HE 1104-1805 AB SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE gravitational lensing; quasars : individual (HE 1104-1805 AB) ID GRAVITATIONAL LENSING EXPERIMENT; TIME-DELAY; PROBABILITY-DISTRIBUTIONS; LIGHT CURVES; DARK-MATTER; VARIABILITY; MAGNIFICATION; STATISTICS; B1600+434; LENSES AB We present 3 years of photometry of the Double Hamburger lensed quasar, HE 1104-1805 AB, obtained on 102 separate nights using the Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment 1.3 m telescope. Both the A and B images show variations, but with substantial differences in the light curves at all time delays. At the 310 day delay reported by Wisotzki and collaborators, the difference light curve has an rms amplitude of 0.060 mag. The structure functions for the A and B images are quite different, with image A more than twice as variable as image B ( a factor of 4 in structure function) on timescales of less than a month. Adopting microlensing as a working hypothesis for the uncorrelated variability, the short timescale argues for the relativistic motion of one or more components of the source. We argue that the small amplitude of the fluctuations is due to the finite size of the source with respect to the microlenses. C1 MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Inst Adv Study, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. Univ Warsaw Observ, PL-00478 Warsaw, Poland. Univ Concepcion, Dept Fis, Concepcion, Chile. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Schechter, PL (reprint author), MIT, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM schech@achernar.mit.edu; udalski@astrouw.edu.pl; msz@astrouw.edu.pl; mk@astrouw.edu.pl; pietrzyn@astrouw.edu.pl; soszynsk@astrouw.edu.pl; wozniak@lanl.gov; zebrun@astrouw.edu.pl; szewczyk@astrouw.edu.pl; wyrzykow@astrouw.edu.pl NR 31 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 20 PY 2003 VL 584 IS 2 BP 657 EP 663 DI 10.1086/345716 PN 1 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 643WG UT WOS:000180884100013 ER PT J AU Blondin, JM Mezzacappa, A DeMarino, C AF Blondin, JM Mezzacappa, A DeMarino, C TI Stability of standing accretion shocks, with an eye toward core-collapse supernovae SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE accretion, accretion disks; hydrodynamics; shock waves; supernovae : general; turbulence ID NEUTRINO TRANSPORT; CONVECTION; MECHANISM; SIMULATIONS; EXPLOSIONS; STARS AB We examine the stability of standing, spherical accretion shocks. Accretion shocks arise in core-collapse supernovae (the focus of this paper), star formation, and accreting white dwarfs and neutron stars. We present a simple analytic model and use time-dependent hydrodynamics simulations to show that this solution is stable to radial perturbations. In two dimensions we show that small perturbations to a spherical shock front can lead to rapid growth of turbulence behind the shock, driven by the injection of vorticity from the now nonspherical shock. We discuss the ramifications this instability may have for the supernova mechanism. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Blondin, JM (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RI Mezzacappa, Anthony/B-3163-2017 OI Mezzacappa, Anthony/0000-0001-9816-9741 NR 19 TC 347 Z9 347 U1 0 U2 8 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 20 PY 2003 VL 584 IS 2 BP 971 EP 980 DI 10.1086/345812 PN 1 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 643WG UT WOS:000180884100039 ER PT J AU Bersier, D Stanek, KZ Winn, JN Grav, T Holman, MJ Matheson, T Mochejska, B Steeghs, D Walker, AR Garnavich, PM Quinn, J Jha, S Cook, KH Craig, WW Meintjes, PJ Calitz, JJ AF Bersier, D Stanek, KZ Winn, JN Grav, T Holman, MJ Matheson, T Mochejska, B Steeghs, D Walker, AR Garnavich, PM Quinn, J Jha, S Cook, KH Craig, WW Meintjes, PJ Calitz, JJ TI The unusual optical afterglow of the gamma-ray burst GRB 021004: Color changes and short-timescale variability SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE gamma rays : bursts ID IMAGE SUBTRACTION; CCD PHOTOMETRY; GRB-990510; PROGRAM AB We report UBVRI observations of the optical afterglow of the gamma-ray burst GRB 021004. We observed significant (similar to10%-20%) deviations from a power-law decay on several timescales, ranging from a few hours down to 20-30 minutes. We also observed a significant color change starting similar to1.5 days after the burst, confirming the spectroscopic results already reported by Matheson et al. We discuss these results in the context of several models that have recently been proposed to account for the anomalous photometric behavior of this event. C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Univ Oslo, Inst Theoret Astrophys, N-0315 Oslo, Norway. Natl Opt Astron Observ, Cerro Tololo Inter Amer Observ, La Serena, Chile. Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Orange Free State, Dept Phys, ZA-9300 Bloemfontein, South Africa. RP Bersier, D (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RI Steeghs, Danny/C-5468-2009 OI Steeghs, Danny/0000-0003-0771-4746 NR 51 TC 57 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 20 PY 2003 VL 584 IS 2 BP L43 EP L46 DI 10.1086/373888 PN 2 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 643WH UT WOS:000180884400001 ER PT J AU Jing, J Lee, J Spirock, TJ Xu, Y Wang, HM Choe, GS AF Jing, J Lee, J Spirock, TJ Xu, Y Wang, HM Choe, GS TI Periodic motion along a solar filament initiated by a subflare SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Sun : corona; Sun : filaments; Sun : oscillations; Sun : prominences ID PROMINENCES; OSCILLATIONS AB A type of mass motion in solar filaments, not previously reported, is studied with high-cadence (1 minute) Halpha observations made at the Big Bear Solar Observatory on 2001 October 24. This oscillatory motion is along the filament and extends over a long distance (similar to1.4 x 10(5) km) with a period of similar to80 minutes and a very high velocity amplitude of similar to92 km s(-1). Another significant property of this oscillation is that it is triggered by a subflare that occurred near its footpoint. The oscillation completes three cycles before it damps out over a timescale of similar to210 minutes. We mainly discuss whether this oscillation is an extreme form of the recently discovered counterstreaming flows in filaments or is a form of the large-amplitude filament oscillations (known as a "winking" filament) discovered a half-century ago. C1 New Jersey Inst Technol, Ctr Solar Res, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Jing, J (reprint author), New Jersey Inst Technol, Ctr Solar Res, 161 Warren St, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. RI Choe, Gwangson/E-2366-2013 NR 15 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 4 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 20 PY 2003 VL 584 IS 2 BP L103 EP L106 DI 10.1086/373886 PN 2 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 643WH UT WOS:000180884400015 ER PT J AU Smith, TR Miller, MS Lohman, K Lange, EM Case, LD Mohrenweiser, HW Hu, JJ AF Smith, TR Miller, MS Lohman, K Lange, EM Case, LD Mohrenweiser, HW Hu, JJ TI Polymorphisms of XRCC1 and XRCC3 genes and susceptibility to breast cancer SO CANCER LETTERS LA English DT Article DE breast cancer; DNA repair polymorphisms; genetic susceptibility ID IONIZING-RADIATION SENSITIVITY; ACID SUBSTITUTION VARIANTS; DNA-REPAIR PROFICIENCY; POLY(ADP-RIBOSE) POLYMERASE; CHROMOSOME STABILITY; BLADDER-CANCER; RISK; BRCA1; RADIOSENSITIVITY; PROTEIN AB Mammalian cells are constantly exposed to a wide variety of genotoxic agents from both endogenous and exogenous sources. Genetic variability in DNA repair may contribute to human cancer risk. We used a case-control study design (162 cases and 302 controls) to test the association between three amino acid substitution variants of DNA repair genes (XRCC1 Arg194Trp, XRCC1 Arg399Gln, and XRCC3 Thr241Met) and breast cancer susceptibility. We found a weak association between the XRCC1 194Trp allele and breast cancer risk (adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.98; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.85-4.63). We also found a potential gene-gene interaction between the XRCC1 194Trp allele and XRCC3 241Met allele and breast cancer risk (adjusted OR = 8.74; 95% CI = 1.13-67.53). Although larger studies are needed to validate the study results, our data suggest that amino acid substitution variants of XRCC1 and XRCC3 genes may contribute to breast cancer susceptibility. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Dept Canc Biol, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Ctr Comprehens Canc, Winston Salem, NC USA. Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Winston Salem, NC USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biol & Biotechnol Res Program, Livermore, CA USA. RP Hu, JJ (reprint author), Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Dept Canc Biol, Med Ctr Blvd, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. EM jenhu@wfubmc.edu FU NCI NIH HHS [CA73629, CA81330, CA91221, P30-CA12197-27] NR 43 TC 140 Z9 144 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0304-3835 J9 CANCER LETT JI Cancer Lett. PD FEB 20 PY 2003 VL 190 IS 2 BP 183 EP 190 DI 10.1016/S0304-3835(02)00595-5 PG 8 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 647HT UT WOS:000181087900008 PM 12565173 ER PT J AU Reddmann, H Jank, S Schultze, H Amberger, HD Edelstein, NM AF Reddmann, H Jank, S Schultze, H Amberger, HD Edelstein, NM TI Electronic structures of organometallic complexes of f elements. LIII. Comparison of the experimental spectroscopic splitting factors of a magnetically diluted tetrahydrofuran adduct derived from tris(eta(5)-cyclopentadienyl)erbium with calculated values based on wavefunctions obtained from a parametric analysis of the absorption spectrum SO INORGANICA CHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE erbium; absorption spectrum; crystal field analysis; EPR spectrum; paramagnetic susceptibility ID PARAMETERIZATION; ELUCIDATION; PATTERN; STATE; IONS AB The absorption spectrum of (eta(5)-Cp)(3)Er.MeTHF (1) has been measured at room and low temperatures. Fitting the experimental energy levels to those obtained by the diagonalization of the energy matrices obtained from a parametric Hamiltonian resulted in 47 crystal field assignments with an r.m.s. deviation of 27.6 cm(-1). The averaged values of the spectroscopic splitting factors \g(parallel to)\=8.07 and \g(perpendicular to)\=4.41 (extracted from the 2.6 K electron paramagnetic resonance spectrum Of Cp3La0.945Er0.055.THF (2)) could be reproduced in a satisfactory manner with the wavefunction of the CF ground state obtained from these calculations. Also the experimentally determined temperature dependence of mu(eff)(2) of the powdered complex 1 could be simulated by using the calculated wavefunctions and eigenvalues. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Hamburg, Inst Anorgan & Angew Chem, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Amberger, HD (reprint author), Univ Hamburg, Inst Anorgan & Angew Chem, Martin Luther King Pl 6, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany. NR 25 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0020-1693 J9 INORG CHIM ACTA JI Inorg. Chim. Acta PD FEB 20 PY 2003 VL 344 BP 243 EP 248 AR PII S0020-1693(02)01336-1 DI 10.1016/S0020-1693(02)01336-1 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 644YD UT WOS:000180948100031 ER PT J AU Kirchstetter, TW Novakov, T Hobbs, PV Magi, B AF Kirchstetter, TW Novakov, T Hobbs, PV Magi, B TI Airborne measurements of carbonaceous aerosols in southern Africa during the dry biomass burning season SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article DE organic carbon; black carbon; SAFARI; positive sampling artifact; evolved gas analysis; light absorption ID ATTENUATION CROSS-SECTION; LOS-ANGELES BASIN; UNITED-STATES; PARTICLES; EMISSIONS; DEPENDENCE; ABSORPTION; ATMOSPHERE; FILTERS; SYSTEM AB [1] Particulate matter collected aboard the University of Washington's (UW) Convair-580 research aircraft over southern Africa during the dry biomass burning season was analyzed for total carbon (TC), organic carbon (OC), and black carbon (BC) contents using thermal and optical methods. Samples were collected in smoke plumes of burning savanna and in regional haze. A known artifact, produced by the adsorption of organic gases on the quartz filter substrates used to collect the particulate matter samples, comprised a significant portion of the TC collected. Consequently, conclusions derived from the data are greatly dependent on whether or not OC concentrations are corrected for this artifact. For example, the estimated aerosol coalbedo (1 - single scattering albedo (SSA)), which is a measure of aerosol absorption, of the biomass smoke samples is 60% larger using corrected OC concentrations. Thus, the corrected data imply that the biomass smoke is 60% more absorbing than do the uncorrected data. The BC to (corrected) OC mass ratio (BC/OC) of smoke plume samples (0.18 +/- 0.06) is lower than that of samples collected in the regional haze (0.25 +/- 0.08). The difference may be due to mixing of biomass smoke with background air characterized by a higher BC/OC ratio. A simple source apportionment indicates that biomass smoke contributes about three quarters of the aerosol burden in the regional haze, while other sources (e.g., fossil fuel burning) contribute the remainder. C1 Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Kirchstetter, TW (reprint author), Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM twkirchstetter@lbl.gov RI Magi, Brian/K-2000-2015 OI Magi, Brian/0000-0001-8131-0083 NR 30 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD FEB 20 PY 2003 VL 108 IS D13 AR 8476 DI 10.1029/2002JD002171 PG 8 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 663BE UT WOS:000181984500001 ER PT J AU Micic, M Klymyshyn, N Suh, YD Lu, HP AF Micic, M Klymyshyn, N Suh, YD Lu, HP TI Finite element method simulation of the field distribution for AFM tip-enhanced surface-enhanced Raman scanning microscopy SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPE; RHODAMINE 6G MOLECULES; OPTICAL MICROSCOPY; SINGLE MOLECULES; SCATTERING; SPECTROSCOPY; NANOPARTICLES AB Electric field enhancement distributions encountered in atomic force microscopy (AFM) tip-enhanced surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) experiments (AFM-SERS) are simulated using a frequency-domain three-dimensional finite element method to solve Maxwell's equations of electric field distributions. We simulated an electromagnetic field enhancement in the vicinity of an AFM tip in close proximity to silver spherical nanoparticles under the illumination of a laser beam of various incident angles under different geometric arrangements. Maximum electric field enhancement is discussed in terms of the relative position of the tip and nanoparticles, as well as the direction of excitation laser propagation. Our results suggest new approaches for using AFM-SERS tip-enhanced near-field technique to image samples on surfaces. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental Sci Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Lu, HP (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental Sci Div, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 42 TC 95 Z9 98 U1 6 U2 54 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD FEB 20 PY 2003 VL 107 IS 7 BP 1574 EP 1584 DI 10.1021/jp022060s PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 647NV UT WOS:000181100500015 ER PT J AU Kim, J Chou, KC Somorjai, GA AF Kim, J Chou, KC Somorjai, GA TI Structure and dynamics of acetonitrile at the air/liquid interface of binary solutions studied by infrared-visible sum frequency generation SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID VIBRATIONAL SPECTROSCOPY; LIQUID INTERFACES; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; WATER-INTERFACE; SURFACE; MOLECULES; SPECTRUM; SFG; ORIENTATION; MIXTURES AB Infrared-visible sum frequency generation (SFG) vibrational spectroscopy was employed to investigate the molecular level details of acetonitrile (CH3CN) structure at the air/liquid interface of binary solutions with per-deuterated acetonitrile (CD3CN), water, and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). In the case of the CH3CN-CD3CN system, the SFG signal intensity for the symmetric CH stretch (CH(s)) mode increases proportionally with the bulk mole fraction of CH3CN (x(CH3CN)). However, the SFG signal intensity of the CH(s) mode from the CH3CN-water system is rapidly enhanced, reaches a maximum, and gradually attenuates as x(CH3CN) is varied from 0 to 1. Mixtures of CH3CN and CCl4 generally exhibit less SFG intensity for the CH(s) mode compared to the CH3CN-CD3CN and CH3CN-water systems for a corresponding x(CH3CN). For quantitative analysis, the contributions to the SFG signal intensity were separated into the orientation factor and surface number density. As a consequence, it was found that CH3CN molecules in the CH3CN-CD3CN mixtures exhibit a concentration-independent orientation similar to those in neat CH3CN. For the CH3CN-water system, CH3CN molecules become less tilted with respect to the surface normal and more ordered that) those in neat CH3CN by lowering x(CH3CN), In contrast, CH3CN molecules in the CH3CN-CCl4 system are generally less ordered and more tilted with respect to the surface normal compared to the case of neat CH3CN. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Somorjai, GA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 29 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 1 U2 22 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD FEB 20 PY 2003 VL 107 IS 7 BP 1592 EP 1596 DI 10.1021/jp021227e PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 647NV UT WOS:000181100500017 ER PT J AU Bruns, D Miura, H Vollhardt, KPC Stanger, A AF Bruns, D Miura, H Vollhardt, KPC Stanger, A TI En route to archimedene: Total synthesis of C-3h-symmetric [7]phenylene SO ORGANIC LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DIFFERENTIALLY SUBSTITUTED HEXAETHYNYLBENZENES; 4-MEMBERED RINGS; CHEMICAL-SHIFTS; PHENYLENES; HYDROCARBONS; FULLERENE; CYCLOHEXATRIENE; <3>PHENYLENE; TOPOLOGY; MODEL AB [GRAPHICS] The total synthesis of C-3h-symmetric [7]phenylene has been accomplished by triple cobalt-catalyzed cycloisomerization of an appropriate nonayne. Its spectral data are in accord with the expectations for a triply angularly fused system, but its calculated heat of formation suggests the presence of a destabilizing sigma effect relative to its D-3h isomer. The molecule constitutes the largest substructure of archimedene hitherto synthesized. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Ctr New Direct Organ Synth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Chem, Inst Catalysis Sci & Technol, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. Technion Israel Inst Technol, Lise Meitner Minerva Ctr Computat Quantum Chem, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. RP Vollhardt, KPC (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Ctr New Direct Organ Synth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM kpcv@uclink.berkeley.edu NR 43 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1523-7060 J9 ORG LETT JI Org. Lett. PD FEB 20 PY 2003 VL 5 IS 4 BP 549 EP 552 DI 10.1021/ol027482z PG 4 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 647DM UT WOS:000181077200043 PM 12583766 ER PT J AU Henderson, MA Perkins, CL Engelhard, MH Thevuthasan, S Peden, CHF AF Henderson, MA Perkins, CL Engelhard, MH Thevuthasan, S Peden, CHF TI Redox properties of water on the oxidized and reduced surfaces of CeO2(111) SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; RAY PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; CERIUM OXIDE LAYERS; CEO2 SURFACES; THIN-FILMS; STRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; INDUCED REDUCTION; CARBON-MONOXIDE; SELF-DIFFUSION AB We present X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and temperature programmed desorption (TPD) results probing the surface chemistry of water on the oxidized and reduced surfaces of a 500 Angstrom epitaxial CeO2(1 1 1) film grown on yttria-stabilized ZrO2(1 1 1). Oxidation with O-2 at 773 K under UHV conditions was sufficient to generate XPS spectra reflective of fully oxidized CeO2(1 1 1). Surface reduction was carried out by annealing in UHV between 773 and 973 K, and the level of reduction was quantified using changes in the Ce3d(3/2) 4f(0) photoemission peak at 917 eV which results primarily from Ce4+ sites. As expected, the level of surface reduction (generation of Ce3+ sites) increased with increasing temperature. These Ce3+ sites were primarily in the first layer based on the fact that exposure of the film to O-2 at RT resulted in nearly complete conversion of Ce3+ to Ce4+. Annealing at 773 K led to a surface in which approximate to40% of the surface Ce4+ sites were reduced to Ce3+, whereas annealing at higher temperatures led to more substantial reduction of the first layer along with some subsurface reduction that was not reoxidized by RT exposure to O-2. Comparisons with results in the literature for reduction of single crystal CeO2(1 1 1) surfaces suggest that the volume-to-surface ratio of ceria samples influences, in part, the reduction conditions that result in detectable levels of surface Ce3+ sites. In other words, the annealing temperatures required to achieve a specific extent of surface reduction likely depends on the thickness of the sample. Water TPD studies on the oxidized CeO2(1 1 1) surface reveal strong coverage dependence that destabilizes high coverages of water relative to low coverages. The presence of surface reduction (on the order 30% oxygen vacancy sites) removes much of the coverage dependent behavior. TPD uptake measurements, H-2 TPD spectra and XPS spectra in the Ce3d core level and Ce4f valence band (VB) regions all indicate that little or no irreversible water decomposition or Ce3+ oxidation was observed for water on this reduced surface. In contrast, exposure of water at 650 K resulted in additional surface reduction above that observed from annealing at 650 K in the absence of water. This is attributed to a redistribution of oxygen vacancies from the bulk to the surface as a result of high temperature water treatment. Because water oxidation of Ce3+ surface sites has been observed for reduced ceria powders, but was not observed on the reduced CeO2(1 1 1) surfaces studied here, we propose that the reduced (1 1 1) surface is more resistant than non-(1 1 1) terminations to being oxidized by water. (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Henderson, MA (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, POB 999,MS K8-93, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI Engelhard, Mark/F-1317-2010; OI Peden, Charles/0000-0001-6754-9928; Engelhard, Mark/0000-0002-5543-0812 NR 68 TC 216 Z9 218 U1 16 U2 127 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD FEB 20 PY 2003 VL 526 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 18 DI 10.1016/S0039-6028(02)02657-2 PG 18 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 649LZ UT WOS:000181211300008 ER PT J AU Cai, T Ledieu, J McGrath, R Fournee, V Lograsso, T Ross, A Thiel, P AF Cai, T Ledieu, J McGrath, R Fournee, V Lograsso, T Ross, A Thiel, P TI Pseudomorphic starfish: nucleation of extrinsic metal atoms on a quasicrystalline substrate SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE nucleation; single crystal epitaxy; alloys ID ENERGY-ELECTRON DIFFRACTION; FIVEFOLD SURFACE; AL70PD21MN9; CRYSTAL; ALPDMN; GROWTH; PHASE; STM AB Direct observation of extrinsic Al atoms on the fivefold surface of icosahedral Al-Cu-Fe indicates that they form pseudomorphic islands resembling starfish. The starfish occupy specific types of sites on the laterally-bulk-terminated quasicrystalline surface. We postulate that the nucleation event consists of a diffusing Al atom dropping into an empty site at the centre of a substrate pentagon. Growth consists of the addition of five Al atoms (nearly) in lattice sites. These 6-atom starfish do not grow laterally as coverage increases, leading to islands of uniform size, and to early roughening. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Dept Met & Ceram, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Univ Liverpool, Surface Sci Res Ctr, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Thiel, P (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Dept Met & Ceram, 1605 Gilman Hall, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RI McGrath, Ronan/A-1568-2009; Ledieu, Julian/F-1430-2010 OI McGrath, Ronan/0000-0002-9880-5741; NR 19 TC 62 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD FEB 20 PY 2003 VL 526 IS 1-2 BP 115 EP 120 DI 10.1016/S0039-6028(02)02593-1 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 649LZ UT WOS:000181211300017 ER PT J AU Johnson, JA Holland, D Bland, J Johnson, CE Thomas, MF AF Johnson, JA Holland, D Bland, J Johnson, CE Thomas, MF TI Cation coordination in oxychloride glasses SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article ID NEUTRON AB Glasses containing mixtures of cations and anions of nominal compositions [Sb2O3](x)-[ZnCl2](1-x) where x = 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, and 1.00, have been studied by means of neutron diffraction and Raman and Mossbauer spectroscopy. There is preferential bonding within the system with the absence of Sb-Cl bonds. Antimony is found to be threefold coordinated to oxygen, and zinc fourfold coordinated. The main contributing species are of the form [Sb(OSb)(2)(OZn)] and [Zn(ClZn)(2)(OSb)(2)]. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Energy Technol Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Warwick, Dept Phys, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. Univ Liverpool, Dept Phys, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. RP Johnson, JA (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Energy Technol Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Johnson, Jacqueliine/G-7365-2011; Johnson, Jacqueline/P-4844-2014 OI Johnson, Jacqueline/0000-0003-0830-9275 NR 17 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 8 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD FEB 19 PY 2003 VL 15 IS 6 BP 755 EP 764 AR PII S0953-8984(03)53376-8 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/15/6/302 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 657NZ UT WOS:000181674400006 ER PT J AU Rogado, N Haas, MK Lawes, G Huse, DA Ramirez, AP Cava, RJ AF Rogado, N Haas, MK Lawes, G Huse, DA Ramirez, AP Cava, RJ TI beta-Cu3V2O8: magnetic ordering in a spin-1/2 Kagome-staircase lattice SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article ID TRIANGULAR-LATTICE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; ANTIFERROMAGNET; FRUSTRATION; JAROSITE AB The spin-1/2 Cu2+, ions in beta-Cu3V2O8 occupy the sites of a Kagome-staircase lattice, an anisotropic variant of the Kagome net: buckled layers and imbedded plaquettes of three edge-shared CuO4 squares break the ideal Kagome symmetry. Susceptibility and heat capacity measurements show the onset of short-range ordering at approximately 75 K, and a magnetic phase transition with the characteristics of antiferromagnetism at similar to29 K. Comparison to the Curie-Weiss theta (theta(CW) = -135 K) indicates that the geometric frustration is largely relieved by the anisotropy. C1 Princeton Univ, Dept Chem, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton Mat Inst, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. Princeton Univ, Dept Phys, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RP Rogado, N (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Chem, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. EM nsrogado@princeton.edu NR 25 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 19 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD FEB 19 PY 2003 VL 15 IS 6 BP 907 EP 914 AR PII S0953-8984(03)57007-2 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/15/6/317 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 657NZ UT WOS:000181674400021 ER PT J AU George, GN Pickering, IJ Harris, HH Gailer, J Klein, D Lichtmannegger, J Summer, KH AF George, GN Pickering, IJ Harris, HH Gailer, J Klein, D Lichtmannegger, J Summer, KH TI Tetrathiomolybdate causes formation of hepatic copper-molybdenum clusters in an animal model of Wilson's disease SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID RAY-ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY; LEC RATS; METALLOTHIONEIN; GENE C1 Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. GSF Natl Res Ctr Environ Hlth, Inst Ecol Chem, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany. GSF Natl Res Ctr Environ Hlth, Inst Toxicol, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany. RP George, GN (reprint author), Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, 2575 Sand Hill Rd,MS 69, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RI Harris, Hugh/A-4983-2008; George, Graham/E-3290-2013; Pickering, Ingrid/A-4547-2013; OI Pickering, Ingrid/0000-0002-0936-2994; Harris, Hugh/0000-0002-3472-8628 NR 15 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD FEB 19 PY 2003 VL 125 IS 7 BP 1704 EP 1705 DI 10.1021/ja029054u PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 647HU UT WOS:000181088000012 PM 12580588 ER PT J AU Smalley, JF Finklea, HO Chidsey, CED Linford, MR Creager, SE Ferraris, JP Chalfant, K Zawodzinsk, T Feldberg, SW Newton, MD AF Smalley, JF Finklea, HO Chidsey, CED Linford, MR Creager, SE Ferraris, JP Chalfant, K Zawodzinsk, T Feldberg, SW Newton, MD TI Heterogeneous electron-transfer kinetics for ruthenium and ferrocene redox moieties through alkanethiol monolayers on gold SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS; ORGANIZED THIOL MONOLAYERS; TRANSFER RATE CONSTANTS; DISTANCE DEPENDENCE; SEQUENTIAL FORMULA; TRANSFER DYNAMICS; AC VOLTAMMETRY; N-ALKANE; BRIDGES; TEMPERATURE AB The standard heterogeneous electron-transfer rate constants between substrate gold electrodes and either ferrocene or pentaaminepyridine ruthenium redox couples attached to the electrode surface by various lengths of an alkanethiol bridge as a constituent of a mixed self-assembled monolayer were measured as a function of temperature. The ferrocene was either directly attached to the alkanethiol bridge or attached through an ester (CO2) linkage. For long bridge lengths (containing more than 11 methylene groups) the rate constants were measured using either chronoamperometry or cyclic voltammetry; for the shorter bridges, the indirect laser induced temperature jump technique was employed to measure the rate constants. Analysis of the distance (bridge length) dependence of the preexponential factors obtained from an Arrhenius analysis of the rate constant versus temperature data demonstrates a clear limiting behavior at a surprisingly small value of this preexponential factor (much lower than would be expected on the basis of aqueous solvent dynamics). This limit is independent of both the identity of the redox couple and the nature of the linkage of the couple to the bridge, and it is definitely different (smaller) from the limit derived from an equivalent analysis of the rate constant (versus temperature) data for the interfacial electron-transfer reaction through oligophenylenevinylene bridges between gold electrodes and ferrocene. There are a number of possible explanations for this behavior including, for example, the possible effects of bridge conformational flexibility upon the electron-transfer kinetics. Nevertheless, conventional ideas regarding electronic coupling through alkane bridges and solvent dynamics are insufficient to explain the results reported here. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Mat Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. W Virginia Univ, Dept Chem, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Chem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Brigham Young Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Provo, UT 84602 USA. Clemson Univ, Dept Chem, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. Univ Texas, Dept Chem, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. RP Smalley, JF (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Mat Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 82 TC 203 Z9 204 U1 16 U2 90 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD FEB 19 PY 2003 VL 125 IS 7 BP 2004 EP 2013 DI 10.1021/ja028458j PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 647HU UT WOS:000181088000053 PM 12580629 ER PT J AU Laible, PD Kirmaier, C Udawatte, CSM Hofman, SJ Holten, D Hanson, DK AF Laible, PD Kirmaier, C Udawatte, CSM Hofman, SJ Holten, D Hanson, DK TI Quinone reduction via secondary B-branch electron transfer in mutant bacterial reaction centers SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PHOTOSYNTHETIC REACTION CENTERS; SPHAEROIDES REACTION CENTERS; DIRECT CHARGE RECOMBINATION; INDUCED STRUCTURAL-CHANGES; R-26 REACTION CENTERS; RHODOBACTER-SPHAEROIDES; RHODOPSEUDOMONAS-VIRIDIS; PROTON-TRANSFER; PURPLE BACTERIA; FREE-ENERGY AB Symmetry-related branches of electron-transfer cofactors-initiating with a primary electron donor (P) and terminating in quinone acceptors (Q)-are common features of photosynthetic reaction centers (RC). Experimental observations show activity of only one of them-the A branch-in wild-type bacterial RCs. In a mutant RC, we now demonstrate that electron transfer can occur along the entire, normally inactive B-branch pathway to reduce the terminal acceptor Q(B) on the time scale of nanoseconds. The transmembrane charge-separated state P(+)Q(B)(-) is created in this manner in a Rhodobacter capsulatus RC containing the F(L181)Y-Y(M208)F-L(M212)H-W(M250)V mutations (YFHV). The W(M250)V mutation quantitatively blocks binding of Q(A), thereby eliminating Q(B) reduction via the normal A-branch pathway. Full occupancy of the Q(B) site by the native UQ(10) is ensured (without the necessity of reconstitution by exogenous quinone) by purification of RCs with the mild detergent, Deriphat 160-C. The lifetime of P(+)Q(B)(-) in the YFHV mutant RC is >6 s (at pH 8.0, 298 K). This charge-separated state is not formed upon addition of competitive inhibitors of Q(B) binding (terbutryn or stigmatellin). Furthermore, this lifetime is much longer than the value of similar to1-1.5 s found when P(+)Q(B)(-) is produced in the wild-type RC by A-side activity alone. Collectively, these results demonstrate that P(+)Q(B)(-) is formed solely by activity of the B-branch carriers in the YFHV RC. In comparison, P(+)Q(B)(-) can form by either the A or B branches in the YFH RC, as indicated by the biexponential lifetimes of similar to1 and similar to6-10 s. These findings suggest that P(+)Q(B)(-) states formed via the two branches are distinct and that P(+)Q(B)(-) formed by the B side does not decay via the normal (indirect) pathway that utilizes the A-side cofactors when present. These differences may report on structural and energetic factors that further distinguish the functional asymmetry of the two cofactor branches. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Washington Univ, Dept Chem, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. RP Laible, PD (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 92 TC 45 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD FEB 18 PY 2003 VL 42 IS 6 BP 1718 EP 1730 DI 10.1021/bi026959b PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 645BG UT WOS:000180955900041 PM 12578387 ER PT J AU Barenblatt, GI AF Barenblatt, GI TI Transfer of a passive additive in a turbulent boundary layer at very large Reynolds numbers SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID PRESSURE-GRADIENT AB We formulate the mass transfer problem for a passive additive in a turbulent boundary layer based on the recently proposed model of the turbulent boundary layer at very large Reynolds numbers. The solutions of three basic problems are obtained. These solutions are self-similar asymptotics describing the mass exchange at its initial stages. The solutions obtained can be used for the construction (in particular, the numerical construction) of the solution to the more general problems of passive admixture transfer in the developed turbulent wall-bounded shear flows. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Math, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Barenblatt, GI (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Math, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 8 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD FEB 18 PY 2003 VL 100 IS 4 BP 1481 EP 1483 DI 10.1073/pnas.0337426100 PG 3 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 647CA UT WOS:000181073000008 PM 12578978 ER PT J AU Walsh, RJ Matsuzaki, S Reinot, T Hayes, JM Kalli, KR Hartmann, LC Small, GJ AF Walsh, RJ Matsuzaki, S Reinot, T Hayes, JM Kalli, KR Hartmann, LC Small, GJ TI Single-cell nonphotochemical hole burning of ovarian surface epithelial carcinoma and normal cells SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID ALUMINUM PHTHALOCYANINE TETRASULFONATE; HYPERQUENCHED GLASSY FILMS; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; SPECTRAL DIFFUSION; SPECTROSCOPY; WATER; PRESSURE; GROWTH AB Persistent spectral nonphotochemical hole-burning (NPHB) spectroscopy has recently been applied to dye molecules in cells. The sensitivity of NPHB to the nanoenvironment of the probe is well established. It has been shown that NPHB applied to bulk suspensions of cultured human cells can distinguish between normal and cancer cells. Thus, NPHB has potential as a diagnostic cancer tool. For this reason, the methodology is referred to as hole-burning imaging, by analogy with MRI. The optical dephasing time (T-2) of the dye in hole-burning image replaces the proton T-1 relaxation time in MRI. In addition to the T-2 mode of operation, there are four other modes including measurement of the spectral hole growth kinetics (HGK). Reported here is that the selectivity and sensitivity of NPHB operating in the HGK mode allow for distinction between normal and carcinoma cells at the single-cell level. The ovarian cell lines are ovarian surface epithelial cells with temperature-sensitive large T antigens (analogously normal) and ovarian surface epithelial carcinoma (OV167) cells. The mitochondrial specific dye used was rhodamine 800 (Molecular Probes). This carbocationic dye is highly specific for the outer and inner membranes of mitochondria. In line with the results for bulk suspensions of the two cell lines, the hole-burning efficiency for OV167 cells was found to be significantly higher than that for normal cells. Theoretical analysis of the HGK data leads to the conclusion that the degree of structural heterogeneity for the probe-host configurations in OV167 cells is lower than in the normal cells. Possible reasons for this are given. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Mayo Clin & Mayo Fdn, Endocrine Res Unit, Dept Internal Med, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. Mayo Clin & Mayo Fdn, Dept Oncol, Div Med Oncol, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. RP Small, GJ (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RI Tang, Amy/L-3226-2016 OI Tang, Amy/0000-0002-5772-2878 NR 31 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD FEB 18 PY 2003 VL 100 IS 4 BP 1685 EP 1689 DI 10.1073/pnas.0437668100 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 647CA UT WOS:000181073000045 PM 12574511 ER PT J AU Anders, M Hansen, R Ding, RX Rauen, KA Bissell, MJ Korn, WM AF Anders, M Hansen, R Ding, RX Rauen, KA Bissell, MJ Korn, WM TI Disruption of 3D tissue integrity facilitates adenovirus infection by deregulating the coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID BREAST EPITHELIAL-CELLS; E-CADHERIN; GROWTH; CANCER; EXPRESSION; CARCINOMA; PROTEIN; INTERNALIZATION; DIFFERENTIATION; TRANSITION AB The human coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR) represents the primary cellular site of adenovirus attachment during infection. An understanding of the mechanisms regulating its expression could contribute to improving efficacy and safety of adenovirus-based therapies. We characterized regulation of CAR expression in a 3D cell culture model of human breast cancer progression, which mimics aspects of the physiological tissue context in vitro. Phenotypically normal breast epithelial cells (S1) and their malignant derivative (T4-2 cells) were grown either on tissue culture plastic (2D) or 3D cultures in basement membrane matrix. S1 cells grown in 3D showed low levels of CAR, which was expressed mainly at cell-cell junctions. In contrast, T4-2 cells expressed high levels of CAR, which was mainly in the cytoplasm. When signaling through the epidermal growth factor receptor was inhibited in T4-2 cells, cells reverted to a normal phenotype, CAR protein expression was significantly reduced, and the protein relocalized to cell-cell junctions. Growth of S1 cells as 2D cultures or in 3D in collagen-l, a noriphysiological microenvironment for these cells, led to up-regulation of CAR to levels similar to those in T4-2 cells, independently of cellular growth rates. Thus, expression of CAR depends on the integrity and polarity of the 3D organization of epithelial cells. Disruption of this organization by changes in the microenvironment, including malignant transformation, leads to up-regulation of CAR, thus enhancing the cell's susceptibility to adenovirus infection. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Inst Canc Res, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Div Gastroenterol, Ctr Comprehens Canc, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Div Med Genet, Dept Pediat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Korn, WM (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Inst Canc Res, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RI Anders, Mario/F-9260-2012 OI Anders, Mario/0000-0003-3610-1500 FU NCI NIH HHS [P50-CA89520, R37 CA064786, R01 CA064786, CA64786, P50 CA089520] NR 31 TC 79 Z9 87 U1 0 U2 3 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD FEB 18 PY 2003 VL 100 IS 4 BP 1943 EP 1948 DI 10.1073/pnas.0337599100 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 647CA UT WOS:000181073000090 PM 12576544 ER PT J AU Ye, XR Lin, YH Wang, CM Wai, CM AF Ye, XR Lin, YH Wang, CM Wai, CM TI Supercritical fluid fabrication of metal nanowires and nanorods templated by multiwalled carbon nanotubes SO ADVANCED MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID REACTIVE DEPOSITION; CARBONIZATION METHOD; MESOPOROUS SILICA; DIOXIDE SOLUTION; PLATINUM; CHEMISTRY; FILMS; NANOPARTICLES; CAPILLARITY; STRENGTH C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Idaho, Dept Chem, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. RP Lin, YH (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI Lin, Yuehe/D-9762-2011 OI Lin, Yuehe/0000-0003-3791-7587 NR 53 TC 153 Z9 159 U1 1 U2 25 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0935-9648 J9 ADV MATER JI Adv. Mater. PD FEB 17 PY 2003 VL 15 IS 4 BP 316 EP 319 DI 10.1002/adma.200390077 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 654JX UT WOS:000181494200013 ER PT J AU Williams, BS Callebaut, H Kumar, S Hu, Q Reno, JL AF Williams, BS Callebaut, H Kumar, S Hu, Q Reno, JL TI 3.4-THz quantum cascade laser based on longitudinal-optical-phonon scattering for depopulation SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID INTERSUBBAND EMISSION; WELLS AB We report the development of a quantum cascade laser, at lambda=87.2 mum, corresponding to 3.44 THz or 14.2 meV photon energy. The GaAs/Al0.15Ga0.85As laser structure utilizes longitudinal-optical (LO) phonon scattering for electron depopulation. Laser action is obtained in pulsed mode at temperatures up to 65 K, and at 50% duty cycle up to 29 K. Operating at 5 K in pulsed mode, the threshold current density is 840 A/cm(2), and the peak power is approximately 2.5 mW. Based on the relatively high operating temperatures and duty cycles, we propose that direct LO-phonon-based depopulation is a robust method for achieving quantum cascade lasers at long-wavelength THz frequencies. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 MIT, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. MIT, Elect Res Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Dept 1123, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Williams, BS (reprint author), MIT, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RI Williams, Benjamin/B-4494-2013 OI Williams, Benjamin/0000-0002-6241-8336 NR 12 TC 279 Z9 286 U1 5 U2 27 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 17 PY 2003 VL 82 IS 7 BP 1015 EP 1017 DI 10.1063/1.154479 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 644KR UT WOS:000180917000005 ER PT J AU Lu, XH Yu, PY Zheng, LX Xu, SJ Xie, MH Tong, SY AF Lu, XH Yu, PY Zheng, LX Xu, SJ Xie, MH Tong, SY TI Evidence for a type-II band alignment between cubic and hexagonal phases of GaN SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; STACKING-FAULTS; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE AB The photoluminescence spectra of a series of thin, undoped, hexagonal GaN films containing cubic GaN inclusions grown by molecular-beam epitaxy on 6H-SiC have been studied as a function of temperature and excitation power. The dependence of the line shape and peak position of a peak at similar to3.17 eV on laser power suggests that it is associated with a spatially indirect Type-II transition between hexagonal and cubic GaN. The values of the band offsets extracted from our data are in good agreement with theoretical predictions. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Hong Kong, Dept Phys, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. RP Lu, XH (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Lu, Xinghua/F-2655-2010; Xu, Shijie/D-3149-2009; Xie, Mao Hai/D-3147-2009; Zheng, Lianxi/A-3855-2011; OI Xu, Shijie/0000-0001-6522-5778; Zheng, Lianxi/0000-0003-4974-365X; Xu, SJ/0000-0003-0985-0530 NR 9 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 17 PY 2003 VL 82 IS 7 BP 1033 EP 1035 DI 10.1063/1.1541113 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 644KR UT WOS:000180917000011 ER PT J AU Swift, GA Ustundag, E Clausen, B Bourke, MAM Lin, HT AF Swift, GA Ustundag, E Clausen, B Bourke, MAM Lin, HT TI High-temperature elastic properties of in situ-reinforced Si3N4 SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SILICON-NITRIDE; TENSILE CREEP; DIFFRACTION; STRESSES AB A high-temperature tensile stress study of a monolithic silicon nitride (Si3N4) was performed with time-of-flight neutron diffraction. A dedicated engineering diffractometer was employed at temperatures reaching 1375 degreesC. Rietveld refinements of diffraction spectra allowed the determination of (1) the coefficient of thermal expansion tensor during heating and (2) lattice strains during loading. The stress-strain response of individual lattice reflections was used to calculate the single-crystal elastic stiffness tensor of Si3N4 at 1375 degreesC via a self-consistent model. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 CALTECH, Dept Mat Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Ustundag, E (reprint author), CALTECH, Dept Mat Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RI Ustundag, Ersan/C-1258-2009; Clausen, Bjorn/B-3618-2015 OI Ustundag, Ersan/0000-0002-0812-7028; Clausen, Bjorn/0000-0003-3906-846X NR 17 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 17 PY 2003 VL 82 IS 7 BP 1039 EP 1041 DI 10.1063/1.1554478 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 644KR UT WOS:000180917000013 ER PT J AU Lograsso, TA Ross, AR Schlagel, DL Clark, AE Wun-Fogle, M AF Lograsso, TA Ross, AR Schlagel, DL Clark, AE Wun-Fogle, M TI Structural transformations in quenched Fe-Ga alloys SO JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS LA English DT Article DE Fe-Ga system; magnetostriction; short-range ordering; x-ray diffraction; intermetallics ID AL ALLOYS AB It has been speculated that the large increase in magnetostriction in Fe-Ga alloys results from local short-range ordering of the Ga atoms along specific crystallographic directions in the disordered Fe structure. The structural transitions associated with different cooling rates from the high temperature disordered state were investigated with X-ray diffraction of oriented single crystals of Fe-19 at% Ga. Results are presented for long-range ordering during slow cooling and indirect evidence of local short-range ordering of Ga atoms in the disordered state when the alloys are quenched is also presented. In the latter case, the short-range ordering of Ga atoms leads to a tetragonal distortion of the lattice. The dependence of the magnetostrictive response of Fe-Ga alloys on thermal history has been found to be directly related to these structural transformations in Fe-19 at% Ga alloys and experimental support for the proposed magnetostriction model based on Ga-Ga pairing along [100] crystallographic directions is presented. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Met Ceram Sci, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Clark Associates, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. RP Lograsso, TA (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Met Ceram Sci, 111 Metals Dev Bldg, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 15 TC 135 Z9 151 U1 1 U2 24 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-8388 J9 J ALLOY COMPD JI J. Alloy. Compd. PD FEB 17 PY 2003 VL 350 IS 1-2 BP 95 EP 101 AR PII S0925-8388(02)00933-7 DI 10.1016/S0925-8388(02)00933-7 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 643XZ UT WOS:000180890000018 ER PT J AU Schneibel, JH Easton, DS Horton, JA Chao, BS Cantrell, L Li, Y Young, RC Ting, J AF Schneibel, JH Easton, DS Horton, JA Chao, BS Cantrell, L Li, Y Young, RC Ting, J TI Battery electrode materials based on MgCaNi4 SO JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS LA English DT Article DE hydrogen storage materials; intermetallics; casting; crystal structure and symmetry ID HYDRIDE BATTERY; LAVES-PHASE; ALLOYS; SYSTEM AB Quaternary alloys based on MgCaNi4 were prepared by induction-melting of elemental materials. Nickel was partially substituted with several 3d transition metals or Al. Initial electrochemical capacities up to 350 mAh/g were found. However, these capacities decreased rapidly during cycling. Partial substitution of Ca by La improved the cyclic stability. The capacities deduced from desorption isotherms were generally lower than the electrochemical capacities. The reasons for this may be irreversible electrochemical processes. In disagreement with Oesterreicher et al., the MgCaNi4 alloy prepared in this work did not exhibit a single phase C15 (MgCu2) crystal structure. Instead, it exhibited primarily the CaNi, structure. With suitable quaternary alloying additions, single phase materials could be obtained. In particular, Zn and Cu additions tended to stabilize the CaNi5 structure, whereas Mn, Cr, Fe, Co, and Al additions tended to stabilize the MgCu2 structure. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Energy Convers Devices, Troy, MI 48084 USA. Ovon Battery Corp, Troy, MI 48083 USA. Crucible Res, Pittsburgh, PA 15205 USA. RP Schneibel, JH (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 10 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-8388 J9 J ALLOY COMPD JI J. Alloy. Compd. PD FEB 17 PY 2003 VL 350 IS 1-2 BP 130 EP 135 AR PII S0925-8388(02)00979-9 DI 10.1016/S0925-8388(02)00979-9 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 643XZ UT WOS:000180890000022 ER PT J AU Jaouen, G Fish, RH AF Jaouen, G Fish, RH TI Foreword to the special JOMC issue on bioorganometallic chemistry SO JOURNAL OF ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Ecole Natl Super Chim Paris, F-75231 Paris 05, France. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Jaouen, G (reprint author), Ecole Natl Super Chim Paris, 11 Rue Pierre & Marie Curie, F-75231 Paris 05, France. RI Jaouen, Gerard/O-9927-2016 OI Jaouen, Gerard/0000-0001-5471-113X NR 0 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0022-328X J9 J ORGANOMET CHEM JI J. Organomet. Chem. PD FEB 17 PY 2003 VL 668 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 1 AR PII S0022-328X(02)02089-2 DI 10.1016/S0022-328X(02)02089-2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 657BD UT WOS:000181644800001 ER PT J AU Elduque, A Carmona, D Oro, LA Eisenstein, M Fish, RH AF Elduque, A Carmona, D Oro, LA Eisenstein, M Fish, RH TI Bioorganometallic chemistry - Part 15. A novel molecular recognition process of host, trans-[Cp*Rh(eta(1)(N3)-1-methylcytosine)(mu-OH)](2)(OTf)(2),with L-aromatic amino acid guests: selective hydrogen bonding to the mu-OH groups and the 1-methylcytosine ligands SO JOURNAL OF ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Symposium on Bioorganometallic Chemistry (ISBOMC 02) CY JUN 18-20, 2002 CL PARIS, FRANCE DE molecular recognition; host-guest non-covalent interactions; selective hydrogen bonding ID NONCOVALENT PI-PI; HYDROPHOBIC INTERACTIONS; COMPLEXES AB The H-1-NMR and computer docking experiments have elucidated a novel molecular recognition process of host, trans[Cp*Rh(eta(1)(N3)-1-methylcytosine)(mu-OH)](2)(OTf)(2) (1), with L-aromatic amino acids, which is predicated on a selective hydrogen bonding regime of the NH3+ of the amino acid to one of the Rh-mu-OH groups, as well as to a C=O group of one of the other 1-methycytosine ligands, while the COO- H-bonds to an NH2 of the other 1-methycytosine ligand. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Zaragoza, CSIC, ICMA, Fac Sci,Dept Inorgan Chem, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain. Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Organ Chem, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. Weizmann Inst Sci, Chem Sci Unit, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Fish, RH (reprint author), Univ Zaragoza, CSIC, ICMA, Fac Sci,Dept Inorgan Chem, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain. RI Carmona Gascon, Daniel/H-5323-2015 OI Carmona Gascon, Daniel/0000-0003-4196-5856 NR 13 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0022-328X J9 J ORGANOMET CHEM JI J. Organomet. Chem. PD FEB 17 PY 2003 VL 668 IS 1-2 BP 123 EP 127 DI 10.1016/S0022-328X(02)02141-1 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 657BD UT WOS:000181644800017 ER PT J AU Alvarez, CM Angelici, RJ Sygula, A Sygula, R Rabideau, PW AF Alvarez, CM Angelici, RJ Sygula, A Sygula, R Rabideau, PW TI eta(6)-corannulene buckybowl complexes of iridium, including ring-to-ring migration SO ORGANOMETALLICS LA English DT Article ID CORANNULENE; FULLERENES; SURFACES; C-60 AB Corannulene (C20H10, 1), a curved-surface fragment of buckminsterfullerene (C-60), forms an eta(6)-coordinated complex with Cp*Ir2+. The analogous 1,2,5,6-tetramethylcorannulene (2) complex, Cp*Ir(eta(6)-2)(2+), initially forms three isomers, but migration of the Cp*Ir2+ unit from a nonmethylated to a methylated ring gives two isomers in the final product. C1 Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Angelici, RJ (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RI Alvarez, Celedonio/E-6197-2010 OI Alvarez, Celedonio/0000-0003-4431-6501 NR 17 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0276-7333 J9 ORGANOMETALLICS JI Organometallics PD FEB 17 PY 2003 VL 22 IS 4 BP 624 EP 626 DI 10.1021/om021012r PG 3 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 646FH UT WOS:000181024000006 ER PT J AU Berg, DJ Andersen, RA AF Berg, DJ Andersen, RA TI Reaction of (C5Me5)(2)Yb(ER)(NH3)with Me3Al. Formation of (C5Me5)(2)Yb(AlMe4) and [(C5Me5)(2)Yb(ER)(AlMe3)(2)](2) SO ORGANOMETALLICS LA English DT Article ID CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; ALKYL COMPLEXES; LANTHANIDE; YTTERBIUM; ORGANOLANTHANIDES; CHALCOGENIDES; COORDINATION; CHEMISTRY; MODEL AB Addition of 3 molar equiv of AlMe3 to (Me5C5)(2)Yb(ER)(NH3) gives two types of products depending on the identity of the ER group. When ER is OSiMe3 or TePh, the isolated metallocene is [(Me5C5)(2)Yb(Me4Al)](2), which exists as an equilibrium between monomeric and dimeric forms in toluene solution. When ER is OCMe3, SPh, S-p-tolyl, or SePh, the isolated metallocenes have the stoichiometry (Me5C5)(2)Yb(ER)(Me3Al)(2). The H-1 NMR spectra of these molecules show that several species are present in solution. The crystal structure of the S-p-tolyl derivative shows that two (Me5C5)(2)Yb fragments are bridged by two Me3Al(S-p-tolyl)AlMe3 units by way of nearly linear Yb...H3C-Al bonds. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Div Chem Sci, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Andersen, RA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM raandersen@lbl.gov NR 32 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0276-7333 J9 ORGANOMETALLICS JI Organometallics PD FEB 17 PY 2003 VL 22 IS 4 BP 627 EP 632 DI 10.1021/om020472h PG 6 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 646FH UT WOS:000181024000007 ER PT J AU Sharp, JS Becker, JM Hettich, RL AF Sharp, JS Becker, JM Hettich, RL TI Protein surface mapping by chemical oxidation: Structural analysis by mass spectrometry SO ANALYTICAL BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE mass spectrometry; electrospray; protein derivatization; oxidation; Fenton chemistry; collisional dissociation ID SPERM WHALE APOMYOGLOBIN; HYDROXYL RADICAL PROBE; X-RAY RADIOLYSIS; SYNCHROTRON RADIOLYSIS; HIGH-RESOLUTION; EXCHANGE; IONS; NMR; DISSOCIATION; INTERFACE AB The solvent-accessible surface area of proteins is important in biological function for many reasons, including protein-protein interactions, protein folding, and catalytic sites. Here we present a chemical technique to oxidize amino acid side chains in a model protein, apomyoglobin, and subsequent elucidation of the effect of solvent accessibility on the sites of oxidation. Under conditions of low protein oxidation (zero to three oxygen atoms added per apomyoglobin molecule), we have positively identified five oxidation sites by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and high-resolution Fourier transform mass spectrometry. Our results indicate that all oxidized amino acids, with the exception of methionine, have highly solvent-accessible side chains, but the rate of oxidation may not be dictated solely by solvent accessibility and amino acid identity. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved. C1 Univ Tennessee, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Grad Sch Genome Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Organ & Biol Mass Spectrometry Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Hettich, RL (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Grad Sch Genome Sci & Technol, 1060 Commerce Pk, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RI Hettich, Robert/N-1458-2016 OI Hettich, Robert/0000-0001-7708-786X NR 34 TC 93 Z9 93 U1 0 U2 11 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0003-2697 J9 ANAL BIOCHEM JI Anal. Biochem. PD FEB 15 PY 2003 VL 313 IS 2 BP 216 EP 225 DI 10.1016/S0003-2697(02)00612-7 PG 10 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 653KA UT WOS:000181433300004 PM 12605858 ER PT J AU Zheng, JJ Yeung, ES AF Zheng, JJ Yeung, ES TI Mechanism of microbial aggregation during capillary electrophoresis SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID FLAVONOID-O-GLYCOSIDES; ZONE ELECTROPHORESIS; BORATE COMPLEXATION; SOFT PARTICLES; DLVO THEORY; SEPARATION; BACTERIA; MOBILITY; ADHESION; CELL AB We studied the aggregation of a rod-shaped bacteria, Bifidobacterium infantis, during capillary electrophoresis (CE). A microscope with an intensified CCD camera was employed to monitor the migration and aggregation of bacteria, which are labeled with fluorescent dye Syto 9 and excited with a 488-nm argon ion laser. A collision-based aggregation mechanism is proposed, in which collisions between microbes result from different mobilities and migration directions in the electric field. Individual microbes are aligned differently with respect to the direction of the electric field and exhibit different drag coefficients. The long-range forces include van der Waals attraction and electrostatic repulsion as qualitatively described by DLVO theory. Collisions in CE produce sufficient energy to overcome electrostatic repulsion, thus improving the efficiency of aggregation. This is supported by the fact that higher electric fields always resulted in faster aggregation. Also, when sodium phosphate buffer was used, increasing the ionic strength resulted in faster aggregation. However, when Tris-boric acid-EDTA (TBE, pH 9.1) buffer was used, the aggregation speed decreased when the ionic strength increased. We attribute this to the change of the surface of the bacteria at high borate and EDTA concentration, such as the loss of polysacchatides or the presence of complexation. This reduces the hydrophobicity of the surface and, thus, the short-range attractive forces. The addition of 0.05% poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) into high ionic strength TBE buffer increased the aggregation rate. This can be attributed to the bridging effect of PEO between microbes. Further increase in the concentration of polymer reduced the aggregation rate, especially when the electric field was low, due in part to the increase in viscosity. The decrease in migration velocity produced lower collision energies and lower aggregation efficiencies as well. C1 US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Yeung, ES (reprint author), US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 33 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 16 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD FEB 15 PY 2003 VL 75 IS 4 BP 818 EP 824 DI 10.1021/ac026146t PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 647CF UT WOS:000181073800017 PM 12622372 ER PT J AU Xu, MC Peterson, DS Rohr, T Svec, F Frechet, JM AF Xu, MC Peterson, DS Rohr, T Svec, F Frechet, JM TI Polar polymeric stationary phases for normal-phase HPLC based on monodisperse macroporous poly(2,3-dihydroxypropyl methacrylate-co-ethylene dimethacrylate) beads SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; PORE-SIZE DISTRIBUTION; SEPARATION MEDIA; REACTIVE POLYMERS; HYDROPHILIC-INTERACTION; COMBINATORIAL APPROACH; CHIRAL SEPARATION; GRADIENT-ELUTION; DESIGN; PARTICLES AB The effect of variables such as shape template size, porogen composition and percentage, content of cross-linking monomer, and polymerization temperature on the properties of uniformly sized 3-mum porous poly(glycidyl methacrylate-co-ethylene dimethacrylate) beads prepared by the staged templated suspension polymerization technique has been studied. The porous properties of the beads including surface morphology, pore size distribution, and specific surface area have been optimized to obtain highly efficient stationary phases for normal-phase HPLC. A column packed with diol stationary phase obtained by hydrolysis of poly(glycidyl methacrylate-coethylene dimethacrylate) beads affords an efficiency of 67 000 plates/m for toluene using THF as the mobile phase. The retention properties and selectivity of the diol beads are easily modulated by changes in the composition of the mobile phase. The performance of these beads is demonstrated with the separations of a variety of polar compounds including positional isomers, aniline derivatives, and basic tricyclic antidepressant drugs. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Frechet, JM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. OI Peterson, Dominic/0000-0001-8244-565X; Frechet, Jean /0000-0001-6419-0163 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM-44885] NR 61 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 21 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD FEB 15 PY 2003 VL 75 IS 4 BP 1011 EP 1021 DI 10.1021/ac026216w PG 11 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 647CF UT WOS:000181073800044 PM 12622399 ER PT J AU Ma, Q Rosenberg, RA AF Ma, Q Rosenberg, RA TI Angle-resolved X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study of the oxides on Nb surfaces for superconducting r.f. cavity applications SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE angle-resolved x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; Nb2O5; Nb surface oxide; thermal effects ID OXIDATION; NIOBIUM; XPS; PHOTOEMISSION; TEMPERATURE; DISSOLUTION; METAL; FILMS AB Angle-resolved X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy is used to study the oxidation of chemically etched, polycrystalline Nb surfaces and thermal effects on the oxide layer. Annealing the sample at 250 degreesC does not remove the oxide layer but simply changes the oxide composition from a Nb2O5-dominated layer to a WO-dominated one through oxygen diffusion. The latter is stable in ultrahigh vacuum and metallic in nature. For oxygen diffusion into the bulk at 250 degreesC, estimations are made of the composition of the oxygen-enriched metal layer and the density change of this layer due to interstitial oxygen. Room temperature re-oxidation of the annealed surface follows similar kinetics as the oxidation of as-etched surfaces. Nb2O5 is Simply re-generated in the existing oxide layer by inward oxygen diffusion starting out from the oxide surface. It is demonstrated that the electric field-assisted, Cabrera-Mott mechanism operates in the initial Nb surface oxidation. Its effectiveness diminishes quickly as the insulating oxide layer grows over 3 nm. The existing electric field is evidenced by the shifts in the binding energy of Nb2O5 towards that of Nb metal, indicating a potential drop across the oxide. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Ma, Q (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Rosenberg, Richard/K-3442-2012 NR 30 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4332 J9 APPL SURF SCI JI Appl. Surf. Sci. PD FEB 15 PY 2003 VL 206 IS 1-4 BP 209 EP 217 AR PII S0169-4332(02)01238-2 DI 10.1016/S0169-4332(02)01238-2 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 642MJ UT WOS:000180807900025 ER PT J AU Her, C Wu, XL Griswold, MD Zhou, F AF Her, C Wu, XL Griswold, MD Zhou, F TI Human MutS homologue MSH4 physically interacts with von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor-binding protein 1 SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; MISMATCH REPAIR; CROSSING-OVER; SERTOLI CELLS; MEIOSIS; GENE; YEAST; EXPRESSION; CLONING; IDENTIFICATION AB Increasing evidence indicated that the protein factors involved in DNA mismatch repair (MMR) possess meiotic functions beyond the scope of DNA mismatch correction. The important roles of MMR components in meiotic processes have been highlighted by the recent identification of two additional members of the mammalian MutS homologs, MSH4 and MSH5. Mammalian MSH4 and MSH5 proteins form a heterodimeric complex and play an important role in the meiotic processes. As a step forward to the understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the roles of these two mammalian MutS homologues, here we have identified von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) tumor suppressor-binding protein 1 (VBP1) as an interacting protein partner for human MSH4 (hMSH4). In addition, we have characterized a hMSH4 splicing variant (hMSH4sv) encoding a truncated form of hMSH4. The protein encoded by hMSH4sv was unable to interact with hMSH5, but it retained the capacity to interact with VBP1. It is conceivable that hMSH4 and hMSH4sv can carry out different but overlapping functions by differential protein interactions, and, therefore, bMSH4sv might represent a separation-of-function alternative form of the hMSH4 protein. hMSH4 and VBP1 proteins were colocalized in mammalian cells. Three-hybrid analysis suggested that VBP1 could compete with hMSH5 for the binding of hMSH4. Thus, hMSH4 may be involved in diverse cellular processes through interaction with different protein partners, and the levels of VBP1 protein expression in cells could potentially affect the availability of the hMSH4-hMSH5 hetero-complex. C1 Washington State Univ, Sch Mol Biosci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Washington State Univ, Ctr Reprod Biol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Her, C (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Sch Mol Biosci, POB 644660, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. NR 33 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI BIRMINGHAM PA PO BOX 11806, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35202 USA SN 0008-5472 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD FEB 15 PY 2003 VL 63 IS 4 BP 865 EP 872 PG 8 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 645XV UT WOS:000181006500023 PM 12591739 ER PT J AU Adye, TJ Dorigo, A Dubitzky, R Forti, A Gowdy, SJ de Monchenault, GH Jacobsen, RG Kirkby, D Kluth, S Leonardi, E Salnikov, A Wilden, L AF Adye, TJ Dorigo, A Dubitzky, R Forti, A Gowdy, SJ de Monchenault, GH Jacobsen, RG Kirkby, D Kluth, S Leonardi, E Salnikov, A Wilden, L TI KANGA(ROO): Handling the micro-DST of the BABAR experiment with ROOT SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE data handling; data distribution; object-oriented programming; ROOT; relational DB; OOD; OOA; C plus AB A system based on ROOT for handling the micro-DST of the BABAR experiment is described. The purpose of the KANGA system is to have micro-DST data available in a format well suited for data distribution within a world-wide collaboration with many small sites. The design requirements, implementation and experience in practice after three years of data taking by the BABAR experiment are presented. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Kern & Teilchenphys, D-01062 Dresden, Germany. Univ Manchester, Dept Phys & Astron, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma, Dipartimento Fis G Marconi, I-00185 Rome, Italy. RP Kluth, S (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, Fohringer Ring 6, D-80805 Munich, Germany. OI Hamel de Monchenault, Gautier/0000-0002-3872-3592; Kirkby, David/0000-0002-8828-5463; Adye, Tim/0000-0003-0627-5059 NR 20 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-4655 J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN JI Comput. Phys. Commun. PD FEB 15 PY 2003 VL 150 IS 3 BP 197 EP 214 AR PII S0010-4655(02)00678-1 DI 10.1016/S0010-4655(02)00678-1 PG 18 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 637FA UT WOS:000180499800001 ER PT J AU Cooper, KM Goldstein, SJ Sims, KWW Murrell, MT AF Cooper, KM Goldstein, SJ Sims, KWW Murrell, MT TI Uranium-series chronology of Gorda Ridge volcanism: new evidence from the 1996 eruption SO EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS LA English DT Article DE uranium-series disequilibria; mid-ocean ridge basalt; internal isochron; chronology ID EAST PACIFIC RISE; MOUNT-ST-HELENS; JUAN-DE-FUCA; IONIZATION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; RA-226 TH-230 DISEQUILIBRIUM; U-238 TH-230-RA-226; GEOLOGIC SAMPLES; MELT INCLUSIONS; MAGMA FORMATION; BASALTS AB We present new uranium-series plagioclase and glass data for the 1996 eruption of the North Gorda Ridge. The glass data provide a more accurate estimate of 'zero-age' disequilibria for use in external isochron dating than was previously available. Furthermore, plagioclase-glass Ra-226-Th-230 disequilibria delimit the degree of initial fractionation of radium from barium during crystal growth, with effective D-Ra/D-Ba similar to0.25-0.5. These data are inconsistent with the common assumption that D-Ra = D-Ba but are qualitatively consistent with theoretical model predictions that radium and barium should be fractionated during crystallization, with D-Ra/D-Ba similar to 0.2. In more detail, differences between model predictions and data could be explained by an extreme combination of model and data uncertainties, but more likely suggest suppression of efficient fractionation during rapid crystallization. We also assess the extent to which use of barium as an analog for radium would result in underestimating Ra-226-Th-210 disequilibria produced during melting. Effects of a lower value of D-Ra on most melting models are small, with a slight increase in the porosity or melt fraction for a given value of Ra-226/Th-230. The new plagioclase data also indicate that plagioclase accumulation and assimilation in the crustal reservoir would have only a negligible effect on mantle-derived Ra-226-Th-230 disequilibria. External isochron ages from U-Th, U-Pa, and Th-Ra data calculated using initial disequilibria from the 1996 sample are concordant, with one exception. Anomalously young ages for off-axis samples most likely reflect volcanism up to I km off-axis. Radium ages for near-axis dredge samples for other areas of the North Gorda Ridge generally range from 2000 to 4000 yr, similar to calculated steady-state eruptive periodicity of 3000 yr for this ridge segment. However, comparison of radium excesses for the 1996 eruption and a nearby older lava suggests that recent volcanism at this site occurs with relatively short-lived (< few hundred year) episodicity. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Geol & Geophys, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. RP Cooper, KM (reprint author), CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, MC 170-25,1200 E Calif Blvd, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RI Cooper, Kari/G-8261-2012 NR 52 TC 28 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0012-821X J9 EARTH PLANET SC LETT JI Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. PD FEB 15 PY 2003 VL 206 IS 3-4 BP 459 EP 475 AR PII S0012-821X(02)01083-X DI 10.1016/S0012-821X(02)01083-X PG 17 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 645PR UT WOS:000180988000016 ER PT J AU O'Loughlin, EJ Kelly, SD Cook, RE Csencsits, R Kemner, KM AF O'Loughlin, EJ Kelly, SD Cook, RE Csencsits, R Kemner, KM TI Reduction of Uranium(VI) by mixed iron(II/iron(III) hydroxide (green rust): Formation of UO2 manoparticies SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ZERO-VALENT IRON; PERMEABLE REACTIVE BARRIERS; ABSORPTION FINE-STRUCTURE; HYDROUS FERRIC-OXIDE; GROUND-WATER; BACTERIAL REDUCTION; MAGNETITE FORMATION; REDUCING BACTERIUM; HYDROMORPHIC SOILS; AQUEOUS CORROSION AB Green rusts, which are mixed ferrous/ferric hydroxides, are found in many suboxic environments and are believed to play a central role in the biogeochemistry of Fe. Analysis by U L-III-edge X-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy of aqueous green rust suspensions spiked with uranyl (U-VI) showed that U-VI was readily reduced to U-IV by green rust. The extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) data for uranium reduced by green rust indicate the formation of a UO2 phase. A theoretical model based on the crystal structure Of UO2 was generated by using FEFF7 and fitted to the data for the UO2 standard and the uranium in the green rust samples. The model fits indicate that the number of nearest-neighbor uranium atoms decreases from 12 for the UO2 structure to 5.4 for the uranium-green rust sample. With an assumed four near-neighbor uranium atoms per uranium atom on the surface Of UO2, the best-fit value for the average number of uranium atoms indicates UO2 particles with an average diameter of 1.7 +/- 0.6 nm. The formation of nanometer-scale particles Of UO2, suggested by the modeling of the EXAFS data, was confirmed by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, which showed discrete particles (similar to2-9 nm in diameter) of crystalline UO2. Our results clearly indicate that U-IV (as soluble uranyl ion) is readily reduced by green rust to U-IV in the form of relatively insoluble UO2 nanoparticles, suggesting that the presence of green rusts in the subsurface may have significant effects on the mobility of uranium, particularly under iron-reducing conditions. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Environm Res Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP O'Loughlin, EJ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Environm Res Div, 9700 S Cass Ave,Bldg 203,Room E-137, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM oloughlin@anl.gov RI O'Loughlin, Edward/C-9565-2013; ID, MRCAT/G-7586-2011 OI O'Loughlin, Edward/0000-0003-1607-9529; NR 81 TC 221 Z9 228 U1 17 U2 150 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD FEB 15 PY 2003 VL 37 IS 4 BP 721 EP 727 DI 10.1021/es0208409 PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 646ZQ UT WOS:000181067100009 PM 12636270 ER PT J AU Krueger, BJ Grassian, VH Laskin, A Cowin, JP AF Krueger, BJ Grassian, VH Laskin, A Cowin, JP TI The transformation of solid atmospheric particles into liquid droplets through heterogeneous chemistry: Laboratory insights into the processing of calcium containing mineral dust aerosol in the troposphere SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LONG-RANGE TRANSPORT; NITRIC-ACID; ASIAN DUST; PERSPECTIVE AB [1] Individual calcium carbonate particles reacted with gas-phase nitric acid at 293 K have been followed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-Ray (EDX) analysis as a function of time and relative humidity (RH). The rate of calcium carbonate to calcium nitrate conversion is significantly enhanced in the presence of water vapor. The SEM images clearly show that solid CaCO3 particles are converted to spherical droplets as the reaction proceeds. The process occurs through a two-step mechanism involving the conversion of calcium carbonate into calcium nitrate followed by the deliquescence of the calcium nitrate product. The change in phase of the particles and the significant reactivity of nitric acid and CaCO3 at low RH are a direct result of the deliquescence of the product at low RH. This is the first laboratory study to show the phase transformation of solid particles into liquid droplets through heterogeneous chemistry. C1 Univ Iowa, Dept Chem, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Univ Iowa, Ctr Global & Reg Environm Res, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, William R Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Krueger, BJ (reprint author), Univ Iowa, Dept Chem, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. RI Laskin, Alexander/I-2574-2012 OI Laskin, Alexander/0000-0002-7836-8417 NR 19 TC 74 Z9 76 U1 7 U2 31 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD FEB 15 PY 2003 VL 30 IS 3 AR 1148 DI 10.1029/2002GL016563 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 662FA UT WOS:000181935400004 ER PT J AU Yi, HW Zhou, ZY Ding, PZ Yu, LH AF Yi, HW Zhou, ZY Ding, PZ Yu, LH TI Computation of quantum system by second-order matrix symplectic scheme SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF QUANTUM CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE matrix; second order; symplectic scheme ID OPERATOR FIELD-EQUATIONS AB In this article the work of Vazquez and Zhang Meiqing et al. has been developed in such a way that it can be used to calculate time evolution of quantum system. In Heisenberg picture, operator symplectic schemes have been changed into matrix symplectic schemes by use of the expansion method, the matrix schemes satisfy equal time commutation relation (ETCR) in the matrix form. The second-order matrix scheme is used to calculate one-dimensional nonlinear harmonic oscillator. The calculated result is compared with results obtained by Runge-Kutta scheme. Calculated results show that results computed by ETCR-preserving and symplectic scheme is consistent with physics theory. It also shows that it is rational and effective as well as reliable to use ETCR-preserving symplectic scheme to calculate time evolution of quantum system in Heisenberg picture. It is proved that second-order symplectic scheme has more computing accuracy than does first-order symplectic scheme. (C) 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 Changchun Inst Opt & Fine Mech, Dept Phys Opt, Changchun 130022, Peoples R China. Jilin Univ, Inst Atom & Mol Phys, Changchun 130023, Peoples R China. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Yi, HW (reprint author), Changchun Inst Opt & Fine Mech, Dept Phys Opt, 7 Weixing Rd, Changchun 130022, Peoples R China. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0020-7608 J9 INT J QUANTUM CHEM JI Int. J. Quantum Chem. PD FEB 15 PY 2003 VL 91 IS 5 BP 591 EP 596 DI 10.1002/qua.10474 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Mathematics; Physics GA 642FX UT WOS:000180794500001 ER PT J AU Byon, E Anders, A AF Byon, E Anders, A TI Ion energy distribution functions of vacuum arc plasmas SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID STATE; ACCELERATION; JET; DISCHARGE; REGION AB The velocity distribution function of vacuum arc ions can be measured by a time-of-flight technique. The measuring principle makes use of the well-justified assumption that the ion drift velocity from the cathode spot region to a collector is approximately constant. It is shown that the negative time derivative of the collector current is directly proportional to the ion distribution function provided that the time-averaged emission of ions from cathode spots is constant until the arc is rapidly switched off. In the experiment, arc termination took about 700 ns, which is much faster than the decay of the ion current measured at the collector placed more than 2 m from the cathode. The experimental distribution functions for most cathode materials show one large peak with a tail and one or more small peaks at higher ion velocities. The typical peak position is at about 10(4) m/s, with the precise values being material specific. The distribution functions for some materials exhibit not one but several peaks. No conclusive answer can be given about the nature of these peaks. Arguments are presented that the peaks are not caused by different charge states or plasma contamination but rather are due to insufficiently averaged source fluctuations and/or acceleration by plasma instabilities. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,Mail Stop 53, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM aanders@lbl.gov RI Anders, Andre/B-8580-2009 OI Anders, Andre/0000-0002-5313-6505 NR 30 TC 57 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD FEB 15 PY 2003 VL 93 IS 4 BP 1899 EP 1906 DI 10.1063/1.1539535 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 640RU UT WOS:000180702400009 ER PT J AU Elmer, JW Palmer, TA Wong, J AF Elmer, JW Palmer, TA Wong, J TI In situ observations of phase transitions in Ti-6Al-4V alloy welds using spatially resolved x-ray diffraction SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID HEAT-AFFECTED ZONE; FUSION WELDS; ARC WELDS; TRANSFORMATIONS; EVOLUTION AB In situ spatially resolved x-ray diffraction (SRXRD) experiments were used to directly observe the heat-affected zone phases present during gas tungsten arc welding of a Ti-6Al-4V alloy. The experiments were performed at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory using a 250 mum diam x-ray beam to gather real-time experimental information about the alpha-Ti-->beta-Ti phase transition during weld heating. Six different welding conditions were investigated using SRXRD to experimentally determine the extent of the single phase beta-Ti region surrounding the liquid weld pool. These data were compared to predicted locations of the beta-Ti phase boundary determined by calculated weld thermal profiles and equilibrium thermodynamic relationships. The comparison shows differences between the experimentally measured and the calculated locations of the beta-Ti boundary. The differences are attributed to kinetics of the alpha-Ti-->beta-Ti phase transition, which requires superheating above the beta-Ti transus temperature to take place during nonisothermal weld heating. Analysis of the results reveal that the transition to beta-Ti requires an additional 3.96 s (+/-0.29 s) of time and 169 degreesC (+/-25.7 degreesC) of superheat above the beta-Ti transus temperature to go to completion under an average weld heating rate of 42.7 degreesC/s. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Chem & Mat Sci, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Elmer, JW (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Chem & Mat Sci, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 20 TC 27 Z9 29 U1 6 U2 23 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD FEB 15 PY 2003 VL 93 IS 4 BP 1941 EP 1947 DI 10.1063/1.1537464 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 640RU UT WOS:000180702400015 ER PT J AU Zhang, Y Weber, WJ Jiang, W Wang, CM Hallen, A Possnert, G AF Zhang, Y Weber, WJ Jiang, W Wang, CM Hallen, A Possnert, G TI Effects of implantation temperature and ion flux on damage accumulation in Al-implanted 4H-SiC SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID IRRADIATION-INDUCED AMORPHIZATION; SILICON-CARBIDE; DIODES; BREAKDOWN; EVOLUTION; CERAMICS; ALPHA AB The effects of implantation temperature and ion flux on damage accumulation on both the Si and C sublattices in 4H-SiC have been investigated under 1.1-MeV Al-2(2+) irradiation at temperatures from 150 to 450 K. The rate of damage accumulation decreases dramatically, and the damage profile sharpens due to significant dynamic recovery at temperatures close to the critical temperature for amorphization. At 450 K, the relative disorder and the density of planar defects increase rapidly with the increasing ion flux, exhibiting saturation at high ion fluxes. Planar defects are generated through the agglomeration of excess Si and C interstitials during irradiation and post-irradiation annealing at 450 K. A volume expansion of similar to8% is estimated for the peak damage region. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Angstrom Lab, Div Ion Phys, SE-75121 Uppsala, Sweden. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Royal Inst Technol, Dept Microelect & IT, Electrum 229, SE-16440 Stockholm, Sweden. RP Zhang, Y (reprint author), Angstrom Lab, Div Ion Phys, Box 534, SE-75121 Uppsala, Sweden. EM Yanwen.Zhang@pnl.gov RI Weber, William/A-4177-2008; OI Weber, William/0000-0002-9017-7365; Jiang, Weilin/0000-0001-8302-8313 NR 22 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD FEB 15 PY 2003 VL 93 IS 4 BP 1954 EP 1960 DI 10.1063/1.1537451 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 640RU UT WOS:000180702400017 ER PT J AU Heeg, B Rumbles, G AF Heeg, B Rumbles, G TI Influence of radiative transfer on optical cooling in the condensed phase SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID RHODAMINE-B; LASER; FLUORESCENCE; TEMPERATURE AB The effect of fluorescence reabsorption on the optical cooling in the condensed phase was calculated using a stochastic model, based on spectral data of Rhodamine 101 in ethanol. The redshift in measured fluorescence for increasing Rhodamine 101 concentrations is reproduced for concentrations up to 10(-4) M, suggesting that radiative transfer can be simulated accurately using a relatively simple random walk model. This also ensures a degree of accuracy in calculating the effect of radiative transfer processes on the optical cooling of a sample of given geometry. The stochastic method, using only the absorbance and molecular fluorescence (i.e., fluorescence unaffected by reabsorption) spectra as the input values, allows one to estimate the chromophore concentration for which maximum cooling efficiency occurs, given a cell geometry and quantum yield and vice versa. The method predicts a cooling efficiency that is an order of magnitude lower than has been reported previously [J. L. Clark and G. Rumbles, Phys. Rev. Lett. 76, 2037 (1996); J. L. Clark, P. F. Miller, and G. Rumbles, J. Phys. Chem. A 102, 4428 (1998)]. The difference is attributed to an overestimate of the experimental data that is in part due to the measurement of a local cooling effect rather than a macroscopic, bulk cooling. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Chem, Ctr Elect Mat & Devices, London SW7 2AY, England. RP Rumbles, G (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. OI Rumbles, Garry/0000-0003-0776-1462 NR 16 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD FEB 15 PY 2003 VL 93 IS 4 BP 1966 EP 1973 DI 10.1063/1.1529076 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 640RU UT WOS:000180702400019 ER PT J AU Itza-Ortiz, S Ederer, DL Schuler, TM Ruzycki, N Jiang, JS Bader, SD AF Itza-Ortiz, S Ederer, DL Schuler, TM Ruzycki, N Jiang, JS Bader, SD TI Model study of soft x-ray spectroscopy techniques for observing magnetic circular dichroism in buried SmCo magnetic films SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID FLUORESCENCE DETECTION; PERMANENT-MAGNETS; THIN-FILMS; FE; CO; PHOTOABSORPTION; ABSORPTION; ANISOTROPY; SCATTERING; BEHAVIOR AB X-ray emission and absorption spectroscopy (XES and XAS, respectively) are important and powerful techniques for determining the electronic properties of materials. Both are used to study magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) which is especially useful for analyzing the magnetic properties of materials. We present XAS and XES measurements and a MCD model study of two thin film layered samples containing SmCo layers in order to report on the applicability of soft x-ray spectroscopic techniques to determine the composition, layer thickness, and electronic structure of such materials. Using a transmission by fluorescence attenuation (TFA) technique we determined the composition and thickness of the SmCo layer to be consistent with the intended composition and thickness. We also confirmed the thickness of the other layers by comparing the XES from the thin film with that of a bulk sample. We showed by a model study that TFA could be used to obtain MCD, and thus the anisotropy of the sample, for film thicknesses between about 400 and 800 A. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Tulane Univ, Dept Phys, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Schuler, TM (reprint author), Tulane Univ, Dept Phys, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. RI Bader, Samuel/A-2995-2013; OI Ruzycki, Nancy/0000-0001-7516-2985 NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD FEB 15 PY 2003 VL 93 IS 4 BP 2002 EP 2008 DI 10.1063/1.1538339 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 640RU UT WOS:000180702400025 ER PT J AU Menzel, A Conrad, EH Tringides, MC Kammler, M von Hogen, MH AF Menzel, A Conrad, EH Tringides, MC Kammler, M von Hogen, MH TI Finite collection time effects in autocovariance function measurements SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID INTENSITY FLUCTUATION SPECTROSCOPY; DYNAMICS; DIFFRACTION AB In this paper we discuss how finite data sets influence experimental measurements of the autocovariance function. Autocovariance estimators are biased, meaning that the expectation value for any measured autocovariance function is not identical to the actual autocovariance function. In this work we show that the measured autocovariance function for a finite length time series must become negative for some lag times. We derive analytic corrections to these finite time errors for different types of correlated random sequences. Our results explain the apparent anticorrelated noise observed in experimental observations. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Univ Essen Gesamthsch, Fachbereich Phys, D-45117 Essen, Germany. RP Menzel, A (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RI Menzel, Andreas/C-4388-2012 OI Menzel, Andreas/0000-0002-0489-609X NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD FEB 15 PY 2003 VL 93 IS 4 BP 2229 EP 2235 DI 10.1063/1.1537466 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 640RU UT WOS:000180702400062 ER PT J AU Medlin, JW McDaniel, AH Allendorf, MD Bastasz, R AF Medlin, JW McDaniel, AH Allendorf, MD Bastasz, R TI Effects of competitive carbon monoxide adsorption on the hydrogen response of metal-insulator-semiconductor sensors: the role of metal film morphology SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SENSITIVE MOS-STRUCTURES; SINGLE-CRYSTAL SURFACES; PALLADIUM MEMBRANE; CO; PD; PD(111); PERMEATION; ABSORPTION AB We have investigated the effects of carbon monoxide coadsorption on the performance of hydrogen-sensitive palladium metal-insulator-semiconductor (MIS) sensors, and have found that device performance is highly dependent on the morphology of the metal film. On smooth, continuous films, experiments utilizing H-2/CO mixtures show that CO induces a time-delayed increase in response to H-2. Based on a kinetic model of CO and hydrogen adsorption on the Pd film, this increase is interpreted as being due to trapping of H atoms at the Pd-SiO2 interface by CO adsorbed on the metal surface. However, MIS sensors fabricated so that a large concentration of voids exist in the metal film respond in a markedly different fashion: on these devices, the addition of CO causes a time-delayed decrease in the sensor response. Possible explanations for this attenuating CO effect are discussed. The experimental and modeling results presented here suggest that sensor behavior in the presence of competitively adsorbing mixtures can be quite complex, with film imperfections playing an important role in determining the response. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Medlin, JW (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Chem Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. NR 23 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD FEB 15 PY 2003 VL 93 IS 4 BP 2267 EP 2274 DI 10.1063/1.1539898 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 640RU UT WOS:000180702400068 ER PT J AU Anders, A Chacon-Golcher, E AF Anders, A Chacon-Golcher, E TI Time-resolved emittance of a bismuth ion beam from a pulsed vacuum arc ion source SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article AB The emittance of a pulsed bismuth vacuum arc ion source has been measured using a time-resolving double-slit emittance scanner. Each arc pulse was 250 mus long. Ion extraction was performed with 20 mus pulses 200 mus after arc triggering, when Bi ions are almost exclusively singly charged. This was motivated by a possible use of the ion source for heavy ion fusion. Pulsed extraction implies perveance mismatch during extractor voltage rise and fall time. The emittance increased with arc current. The beam current is very constant when operating in the slightly overdense plasma regime because fluctuations of the ion supply current are partially offset by extraction optics. For an extraction voltage of 35 kV, a bismuth current density of up to 18 mA/cm(2) with a normalized emittance of 0.006 pi mm mrad was obtained for a beamlet of 2 mm nominal diameter. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Anders, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Anders, Andre/B-8580-2009 OI Anders, Andre/0000-0002-5313-6505 NR 5 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD FEB 15 PY 2003 VL 93 IS 4 BP 2298 EP 2300 DI 10.1063/1.1539910 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 640RU UT WOS:000180702400075 ER PT J AU Miquel, I Gonzalez, M Sayos, R Balint-Kurti, GG Gray, SK Goldfield, EM AF Miquel, I Gonzalez, M Sayos, R Balint-Kurti, GG Gray, SK Goldfield, EM TI Quantum reactive scattering calculations of cross sections and rate constants for the N(D-2)+O-2(X (3)Sigma(-)(g))-> O(P-3)+NO(X (2)Pi) reaction SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID POTENTIAL-ENERGY SURFACE; ANGULAR-MOMENTUM J-GREATER-THAN-0; PRODUCT STATE DISTRIBUTIONS; REAL WAVE-PACKETS; AB-INITIO; MECHANICAL CALCULATIONS; ATMOSPHERIC REACTION; GAS-PHASE; DYNAMICS; O(D-1)+H-2->OH+H AB Time-dependent quantum wave packet calculations have been performed on the two lowest adiabatic potential energy surfaces (2 (2)A(') and 1 (2)A") for the N(D-2)+O-2(X (3)Sigma(g)(-))-->O(P-3)+NO(X (2)Pi) reaction. The calculations have been carried out, on these recently published potential energy surfaces, using the real wave packet method together with a new dispersion fitted finite difference technique for evaluating the action of the radial kinetic energy operator. Reaction probabilities, corresponding to the O-2 reactant in its ground vibrational-rotational state, have been calculated for both surfaces and for many different values of the total angular momentum quantum number (J), within the helicity decoupling approximation. The reaction probabilities associated with all other relevant J values have been interpolated, and to a smaller extent extrapolated, using a capture model, to yield probabilities as a function of energy. The probabilities have in turn been summed to yield energy dependent cross sections and then used to compute rate constants. These rate constants are compared with ones obtained from quasiclassical trajectory (QCT) and variational transition state theory (VTST) calculations performed on the same surfaces. There is a good agreement between the wave packet and QCT cross sections for reaction on both potential energy surfaces considered, with the exception of the near threshold region, where the reaction probability is dominated by tunnelling. Comparison of the predicted rate constants shows that for the 2 (2)A(') surface, above 300 K, the wave packet, QCT and VTST results are quite similar. For the 1 (2)A" surface, however, significant differences occur between the wave packet and the other methods. These differences become smaller with increasing temperature. It is likely that these differences arise, at least in part, from the fact that, when calculating the rate constants, the reactants are restricted to be in their lowest vibrational-rotational state in the wave packet calculations but are selected from a thermally equilibrated population in the other methods. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Barcelona, Dept Quim Fis, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. Univ Barcelona, Ctr Recerca Quim Teor, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. Univ Bristol, Sch Chem, Ctr Computat Chem, Bristol BS8 1TS, Avon, England. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Wayne State Univ, Dept Chem, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. RP Miquel, I (reprint author), Univ Barcelona, Dept Quim Fis, C Marti & Franques, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. RI Sayos, Ramon/H-2244-2011 OI Sayos, Ramon/0000-0001-6627-7844 NR 49 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD FEB 15 PY 2003 VL 118 IS 7 BP 3111 EP 3123 DI 10.1063/1.1530575 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 640RV UT WOS:000180702500016 ER PT J AU Sawyer, RH Salvatore, BA Potylicki, TTF French, JO Glenn, TC Knapp, LW AF Sawyer, RH Salvatore, BA Potylicki, TTF French, JO Glenn, TC Knapp, LW TI Origin of feathers: Feather beta (beta) keratins are expressed in discrete epidermal cell populations of embryonic scutate scales SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY PART B-MOLECULAR AND DEVELOPMENTAL EVOLUTION LA English DT Review ID DEVELOPING AVIAN SCALES; ANTERIOR SHANK SKIN; CHICK-EMBRYOS; ALPHA-KERATIN; FOOT SCALES; MORPHOGENESIS; DIFFERENTIATION; DERMIS; GENES; HISTOGENESIS AB The feathers of birds develop from embryonic epidermal lineages that differentiate during outgrowth of the feather germ. Independent cell populations also form an embryonic epidermis on scutate scales, which consists of peridermal layers, a subperiderm, and an alpha stratum. Using an antiserum (anti-FPK) developed to react specifically with the beta (P) keratins of feathers, we find that the feather-type P keratins are expressed in the subperiderm cells of embryonic scutate scales, as well as the barb ridge lineages of the feather. However, unlike the subperiderm of scales, which is lost at hatching, the cells of barb ridges, in conjunction with adjacent cell populations, give rise to the structural elements of the feather. The observation that an embryonic epidermis, consisting of peridermal and subperidermal layers, also characterizes alligator scales (Thompson, 2001. J Anal 198:265-282) suggests that the epidermal populations of the scales and feathers of avian embryos are homologous with those forming the embryonic epidermis of alligators. While the embryonic epidermal populations of archosaurian scales are discarded at hatching, those of the feather germ differentiate into the periderm, sheath, barb ridges, axial plates, barbules, and marginal plates of the embryonic feather filament. We propose that the development of the embryonic feather filament provides a model for the evolution of the first protofeather. Furthermore, we hypothesize that invagination of the epidermal lineages of the feather filament, namely the barb ridges, initiated the formation of the follicle, which then allowed continuous renewal of the feather epidermal lineages, and the evolution of diverse feather forms. (C) 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Univ S Carolina, Dept Chem & Biochem, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Univ S Carolina, Dept Biol Sci, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29208 USA. RP Sawyer, RH (reprint author), Univ S Carolina, Dept Biol Sci, Columbia, SC 29802 USA. RI Glenn, Travis/A-2390-2008 NR 107 TC 34 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 11 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0022-104X J9 J EXP ZOOL PART B JI J. Exp. Zool. Part B PD FEB 15 PY 2003 VL 295B IS 1 BP 12 EP 24 DI 10.1002/jez.b.00005 PG 13 WC Evolutionary Biology; Developmental Biology; Zoology SC Evolutionary Biology; Developmental Biology; Zoology GA 670QY UT WOS:000182421300002 PM 12548540 ER PT J AU Morreale, BD Ciocco, MV Enick, RM Morsi, BI Howard, BH Cugini, AV Rothenberger, KS AF Morreale, BD Ciocco, MV Enick, RM Morsi, BI Howard, BH Cugini, AV Rothenberger, KS TI The permeability of hydrogen in bulk palladium at elevated temperatures and pressures SO JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE gas separations; metal membranes; palladium; permeability ID MEMBRANES; TRANSPORT; TANTALUM; NIOBIUM AB The permeability of hydrogen in bulk palladium membranes (approximately 1-mm thickness) was determined for the first time at conditions of simultaneously elevated temperature (623-1173K) and hydrogen pressure (0.1 x 10(6) to 2.76 x 10(6) Pa). When the hydrogen partial pressure exponent value was constrained to a value of 0.5, the permeability was described by an Arrhenius-type relation where the pre-exponential constant and activation energy for this correlation were 1.92 x 10(-7) mol/(m s pa(0.50)) and 13.81 kJ/mol, respectively. These Arrhenius values were in good agreement with prior low-pressure correlations. However, the hydrogen flux results of this study were most accurately represented by an Arrhenius permeability expression where 3.21 x 10(-8) mol/(m s Pa-0.62), 13.41 kJ/mol, and 0.62 represent the pre-exponential constant, activation energy of permeation and permeability driving force, respectively. Although the partial pressure exponent value of 0.62 was slightly greater than the commonly accepted value of 0.5 (atmospheric and sub-atmospheric pressure studies), the optimal exponent value in this study decreased as the upper limit of pressure employed in the database was reduced. Therefore, the deviation in the partial pressure exponent with increasing hydrogen pressure may be attributed to variances in the product of the diffusion coefficient and Sieverts constant at elevated pressures. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 US DOE, NETL, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. Parsons Project Serv Inc, South Pk, PA 15129 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Chem & Petr Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RP Rothenberger, KS (reprint author), US DOE, NETL, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. NR 18 TC 165 Z9 167 U1 2 U2 33 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0376-7388 J9 J MEMBRANE SCI JI J. Membr. Sci. PD FEB 15 PY 2003 VL 212 IS 1-2 BP 87 EP 97 AR PII S0376-7388(02)00456-8 DI 10.1016/S0376-7388(02)00456-8 PG 11 WC Engineering, Chemical; Polymer Science SC Engineering; Polymer Science GA 640LY UT WOS:000180691400008 ER PT J AU Kim, YS Wang, F Hickner, M Zawodzinski, TA McGrath, JE AF Kim, YS Wang, F Hickner, M Zawodzinski, TA McGrath, JE TI Fabrication and characterization of heteropolyacid (H3PW12O40)/directly polymerized sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) copolymer composite membranes for higher temperature fuel cell applications SO JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE composite membranes; ion-exchange membranes; heteropolyacid; sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) ID WATER-UPTAKE; X-RAY; ACID; CONDUCTIVITY; ELECTROLYTES; H3PW12O40; KETONE); BLENDS; H2O; IR AB The feasibility of heteropolyacid (HPA)/sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) composite membranes for use in proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells was investigated. Partially disulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone)s (BPSH) copolymers were prepared by direct aromatic nucleophilic copolymerization and solution-blended with a commercial HPA, phosphotungstic acid. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy band shifts showed that sulfonic acid groups on the polymer backbone interact with both bridging tungstic oxide and terminal tungstic oxide in the phosphotungstic acid molecule, indicative of an intermolecular hydrogen bonding interaction between the copolymer and the HPA additive. The composite membranes generally exhibited a low HPA extraction after water vapor treatment, except for the 60 mol% disulfonated BPSH where significant HPA extraction from the composite membrane occurred because of excessive matrix swelling. The composite membrane not only had good thermal stability (decomposition temperature in nitrogen >300degreesC), but also showed improved mechanical strength and lower water uptake than the unfilled membranes possibly due to the specific interaction. The composite membranes displayed good proton conductivity especially at elevated temperatures (e.g. 130 degreesC). For example, fully hydrated membranes consisting of 30 wt.% HPA and 70 wt.% BPSH with 40 mol% disulfonation had a conductivity of 0.08 S/cm at room temperature which linearly increased up to 0.15 S/cm at 130 degreesC. In contrast, the pure copolymer had a proton conductivity of 0.07 S/cm at room temperature only reached a maximum conductivity of 0.09 S/cm, most probably due to dehydration at elevated temperatures. The dehydration process was monitored by dynamic infrared spectra by observing the intensity reduction of the sulfonate group and distinctive changes of shape in the hydroxyl vibrations as the sample was heated. Combining infrared results with dynamic thermogravimetric data showed that the composite membrane had much higher water retention from 100 to 280 degreesC than the pure sulfonated copolymer. Those results suggested that the incorporation of HPA into these proton conducting copolymers should be good candidates for elevated temperature operation of proton exchange membrane fuel cells. Application to operating fuel cells at high temperatures is now being investigated. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Chem, Mat Res Inst, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP McGrath, JE (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Chem, Mat Res Inst, 2108 Hahn Hall 0344, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. NR 41 TC 278 Z9 287 U1 5 U2 63 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0376-7388 J9 J MEMBRANE SCI JI J. Membr. Sci. PD FEB 15 PY 2003 VL 212 IS 1-2 BP 263 EP 282 AR PII S0376-7388(02)00507-0 DI 10.1016/S0376-7388(02)00507-0 PG 20 WC Engineering, Chemical; Polymer Science SC Engineering; Polymer Science GA 640LY UT WOS:000180691400023 ER PT J AU Hu, WB Buzin, A Lin, JS Wunderlich, B AF Hu, WB Buzin, A Lin, JS Wunderlich, B TI Annealing behavior of gel-spun polyethylene fibers at temperatures lower than needed for significant shrinkage SO JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART B-POLYMER PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE gel-spun polyethylene fibers; annealing; differential scanning calorimetry (DSC); atomic force microscopy (AFM); temperature-modulated differential scanning; calorimetry (TMDSC); SAXS; structural changes; properties ID MOLECULAR-WEIGHT POLYETHYLENE; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; HEXAGONAL PHASE-TRANSITION; HIGHLY-DRAWN POLYETHYLENE; EXTENDED-CHAIN CRYSTALS; MOLAR-MASS POLYETHYLENE; HIGH-RESOLUTION NMR; ULTRA-HIGH MODULUS; STATE C-13 NMR; RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY AB The annealing at 373 K of ultrastrong, gel-spun polyethylene (PE) has been studied. At this temperature, the fibers show no significant shrinkage. Still, a significant decrease in the mechanical properties is observed. The fibers have been analyzed with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), temperature-modulated differential scanning calorimetry (TMDSC), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). During the annealing, the glass transition of the intermediate phase is exceeded, as shown by DSC. When split for structure analysis by AFM, the annealed fibers undergo plastic deformation around the base fibrils instead of brittle fracture. The quasi-isothermal TMDSC experiments are compared to the minor structural changes seen with SAXS and AFM. The loss of performance of the PE fibers at 373 K is suggested to be caused by the oriented intermediate phase, and not by major changes in the structure or morphology. The overall metastable, semicrystalline structure is shown by TMDSC to posses local regions that can melt reversibly. (C) 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Wunderlich, B (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RI Buzin, Alexander/H-5482-2011 NR 57 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 19 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0887-6266 J9 J POLYM SCI POL PHYS JI J. Polym. Sci. Pt. B-Polym. Phys. PD FEB 15 PY 2003 VL 41 IS 4 BP 403 EP 417 DI 10.1002/polb.10372 PG 15 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 638NC UT WOS:000180576300009 ER PT J AU Pecharsky, VK Samolyuk, GD Antropov, VP Pecharsky, AO Gschneidner, KA AF Pecharsky, VK Samolyuk, GD Antropov, VP Pecharsky, AO Gschneidner, KA TI The effect of varying the crystal structure on the magnetism, electronic structure and thermodynamics in the Gd-5(SixGe1-x)(4) system near x=0.5 SO JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 23rd Rare Earth Research Conference CY JUL 13-18, 2002 CL UNIV CALIF DAVIS, DAVIS, CA HO UNIV CALIF DAVIS ID ADIABATIC TEMPERATURE-CHANGE; 1ST-ORDER TRANSITION; PHASE-RELATIONSHIPS; MAGNETOOPTICAL PROPERTIES; GIANT MAGNETORESISTANCE; MAGNETOCALORIC COMPOUND; ELECTRICAL-RESISTANCE; GD-5(SI2GE2); GD5SI2GE2; FIELD AB The crystal structure, magnetic and other physical properties of the intermetallic Gd-5(SixGe1-x)(4) phases are strongly dependent on the Si:Ge ratio (x). Especially intriguing behavior is observed when the chemical composition in this system is near x congruent to 0.5, where small changes in the stoichiometry result in drastic variations in the chemical bonding, electronic structure, crystal structure, and magnetism. Furthermore, the fully reversible magnetic/crystallographic (T-C congruent to 270 K) and the irreversible thermoelastic crystallographic (between similar to 500 and similar to 750 K) transformations exist near this critical chemical composition. Both of these transformations involve the same two crystallographic modifications: the monoclinic Gd5(Si2Ge2)-type (beta) and the orthorhombic Gd5Si4-type structures (alpha and gamma). First principle calculations of the electronic structure and exchange coupling of these materials are in nearly quantitative agreement with the experiment. It appears that the unusual behavior observed in the near critical Gd-5(SixGe1-x)(4) phases is closely related to the stability of the well-defined sub-nanometer thick atomic slabs coupled with the flexibility of their arrangements. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM vitkp@ameslab.gov NR 56 TC 71 Z9 71 U1 1 U2 21 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-4596 EI 1095-726X J9 J SOLID STATE CHEM JI J. Solid State Chem. PD FEB 15 PY 2003 VL 171 IS 1-2 BP 57 EP 68 DI 10.1016/S0022-4596(02)00146-9 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 684LA UT WOS:000183207400010 ER PT J AU Liu, GK Chen, XY Zhuang, HZ Li, S Niedbala, RS AF Liu, GK Chen, XY Zhuang, HZ Li, S Niedbala, RS TI Confinement of electron-phonon interaction on luminescence dynamics in nanophosphors of Er3+: Y2O2S SO JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 23rd Rare Earth Research Conference CY JUL 13-18, 2002 CL UNIV CALIF DAVIS, DAVIS, CA HO UNIV CALIF DAVIS DE nanocrystals; quantum confinement; density of phonon states; electron-phonon interaction; Er3+; nonradiative relaxation; anomalous thermalization ID FLAME SPRAY-PYROLYSIS; NANOCRYSTALS; RELAXATION; IONS AB Observation of an anomalous thermalization effect induced by optical excitation of Er3+ in nanocrystals Of Y2O2S was recently reported (Liu et al. Nano Lett. 2 (2002) 535). Due to the absence of low-energy phonon modes in nanocrystals, the nonradiative relaxation between crystal field levels of Er3+ is significantly diminished, whereas this confinement effect on high-energy phonon relaxation and thermalization is negligible. It is also shown that absorption line broadening for Er3+ ions in the surface layer of the nanoparticles enables coincident excitation of Er3+ ions at defect and intrinsic sites. As a result of the combined excitation and relaxation processes, Er3+ population accumulates in the upper crystal field levels of the I-4(15/2) ground state; and the intensity of hot bands originating from these levels increases abruptly as temperature decreases below 7 K. This anomalous thermalization effect is interpreted satisfactorily based on calculations of temperature-dependent multiphonon relaxation rates in nanocrystals of confined phonon modes. (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier Science (USA). C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. OraSure Technol Inc, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. RP Liu, GK (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM gkliu@anl.gov RI Chen, Xueyuan/C-5613-2012 OI Chen, Xueyuan/0000-0003-0493-839X NR 19 TC 43 Z9 47 U1 4 U2 14 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-4596 J9 J SOLID STATE CHEM JI J. Solid State Chem. PD FEB 15 PY 2003 VL 171 IS 1-2 BP 123 EP 132 DI 10.1016/S0022-4596(02)00195-0 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 684LA UT WOS:000183207400018 ER PT J AU Gschneidner, KA Pecharsky, AO Wu, YL Pecharsky, VK AF Gschneidner, KA Pecharsky, AO Wu, YL Pecharsky, VK TI Effect of interstitial impurities on the magnetic transitions of Er-rich PrxEr1-x alloys SO JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 23rd Rare Earth Research Conference CY JUL 13-18, 2002 CL UNIV CALIF DAVIS, DAVIS, CALIFORNIA HO UNIV CALIF DAVIS DE erbium magnetic transitions; Pr-Er magnetic-phase diagram; low-temperature heat capacity AB Interstitial impurities (primarily oxygen, but also fluorine, nitrogen, and carbon) have a considerable effect on the magnetism of Er. They lower the second-order magnetic transition temperatures (86 and 53 K), increase the first-order magnetic transition temperature (19 K) and destroy the spin-slip magnetic transition (26 K) of pure Er. Similar trends are observed in the PrxEr1-x alloys for 0 less than or equal to x less than or equal to 0.4. Pr additions to commercial-grade Er and to high-purity Er lower the two second-order and spin-slip magnetic transition temperatures, and have little or no effect on the first-order magnetic transition temperature for x less than or equal to 0.125. The 52 and 22 K transitions are wiped out by Pr additions of x similar or equal to 0.10 and 0.02, respectively. Furthermore, the first-order transition terminates in the concentration range 0.10 less than or equal to x less than or equal to 0.125, and a new magnetic phase is formed between 0.125 less than or equal to x less than or equal to 0.15. For x similar or equal to 0.35, the magnetic transitions merge and for larger Pr concentrations there is only one second-order paramagnetic to antiferromagnetic transition on cooling. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved. C1 Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Gschneidner, KA (reprint author), Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-4596 J9 J SOLID STATE CHEM JI J. Solid State Chem. PD FEB 15 PY 2003 VL 171 IS 1-2 BP 324 EP 328 DI 10.1016/S0022-4596(02)00211-6 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 684LA UT WOS:000183207400054 ER PT J AU Boatner, LA AF Boatner, LA TI Using EPR spectroscopy to go from the Jahn-Teller effect to nuclear waste disposal SO JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 23rd Rare Earth Research Conference CY JUL 13-18, 2002 CL UNIV CALIF DAVIS, DAVIS, CALIFORNIA HO UNIV CALIF DAVIS DE rare earth; actinide; EPR spectroscopy; J-T; nuclear waste; scintillators ID ELECTRON-PARAMAGNETIC-RESONANCE; LUPO4 SINGLE-CRYSTALS; EARTH ORTHO-PHOSPHATES; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; RAMAN-SCATTERING; RES INVESTIGATIONS; STRUCTURAL INVESTIGATIONS; POLARIZATION DEPENDENCE; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; LATTICE-PARAMETERS AB Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy is a powerful technique for elucidating the fundamental solid-state-chemical and crystal-field ground-state electronic properties of rare-earth and actinide ions that are incorporated into single-crystal host materials. In the case of rare-earth or rare-earth-like ions that are characterized by a degenerate orbital doublet ground state when placed in a cubic crystal field, EPR has proven to be an extremely valuable approach to the study of various manifestations of the Jahn-Teller (J-T) effect. The contributions of EPR spectroscopy to the study of the J-T effect in ions such as La2+, Y2+ and Sc2+ include the discovery of quadrupolar effects in J-T systems and a verification of Frank Ham's theory of the dynamic J-T effect. Such basic studies can often have unforeseen consequences-like leading to the discovery of new scintillators for gamma-ray detection or the development of a matrix for the disposal of radioactive waste. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Phys Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Boatner, LA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Phys Div, 1 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Boatner, Lynn/I-6428-2013 OI Boatner, Lynn/0000-0002-0235-7594 NR 132 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-4596 J9 J SOLID STATE CHEM JI J. Solid State Chem. PD FEB 15 PY 2003 VL 171 IS 1-2 BP 445 EP 454 DI 10.1016/S0022-4596(03)00059-8 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 684LA UT WOS:000183207400078 ER PT J AU Williamson, RL Wright, JK Steffler, ED Cannon, RM AF Williamson, RL Wright, JK Steffler, ED Cannon, RM TI Numerical analysis of surface cracks at regions of curvature in oxide scales SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE oxide scales; surface crack; numerical analysis ID RESIDUAL-STRESSES; METAL; INTERFACE; SEPARATION; JOINTS; FE3AL; FILMS AB Finite element simulations are used to examine surface cracks at regions of local curvature (corners or convolutions) in protective oxide scales. Stresses are generated during cooling from oxide formation temperatures. Three different modeling approaches are employed, since each adds some insight to crack behavior. For the first, a series of standard static analyses with varying crack lengths is used to approximate crack motion. Next, a simple node-release technique is used, permitting dynamic crack growth along an assumed path. Finally, a model based on an arbitrary crack path is employed, wherein the crack path is included as an unknown and is part of the solution. To quantify geometric effects, three different ratios of corner radii to scale thickness are considered. Further, the influence of the substrate material is investigated by considering both perfectly-plastic and work-hardening behavior. The computed stress-intensity factor at the crack tip is compared to the fracture toughness of the scale material to predict crack growth. Simulations indicate that sharper corners and lower substrate yield strengths increase crack growth potential. Reductions in the stress-intensity factor with increasing crack length are observed that result from the constraining effects of the substrate. Predictions of crack trajectory indicate initial crack motion perpendicular to the free surface of the scale, followed by a near 90degrees turn, resulting in a crack path nearly parallel to the free surface. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Idaho Natl Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM rlw@inel.gov OI Williamson, Richard/0000-0001-7734-3632 NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 EI 1873-4936 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD FEB 15 PY 2003 VL 342 IS 1-2 BP 109 EP 119 AR PII S0921-5093(02)00253-8 DI 10.1016/S0921-5093(02)00253-8 PG 11 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 621BP UT WOS:000179568900013 ER PT J AU Kaibyshev, R Musin, F Lesuer, DR Nieh, TG AF Kaibyshev, R Musin, F Lesuer, DR Nieh, TG TI Superplastic behavior of an Al-Mg alloy at elevated temperatures SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE aluminum alloy; superplasticity; microstrutural evolution; grain boundary sliding; threshold stress ID MICROSTRUCTURAL EVOLUTION; DEFORMATION-BEHAVIOR; IMPURITY CONTENT; CREEP-BEHAVIOR; ELONGATION; COMPOSITES AB The superplastic properties and microstructural evolution of a 0.2% Zr and 1.6% Mn modified 5083 aluminum alloy with an initial grain size of 6.2 mum were examined at strain rates ranging from 10(-5) to 10(-1) s(-1) in the temperature interval 500-580 degreesC. The maximum elongation-to-failure of 1150% was found at 570 degreesC, which is near the solidus temperature of 572 degreesC,and an initial strain rate of 2.8 x 10(-3) s(-1). The corresponding strain rate sensitivity coefficient, m, was about 0.6. It was shown that increasing the temperature from 550 to 570 degreesC results in reduced cavitation and expanding the optimal interval of superplasticity toward lower strain rates due to the disappearance of the threshold stress. The influence of temperature on the mechanisms of superplastic deformation is discussed. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Inst Met Superplast Problems, Ufa 450001, Russia. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Kaibyshev, R (reprint author), Inst Met Superplast Problems, Khalturina St 39, Ufa 450001, Russia. RI Nieh, Tai-Gang/G-5912-2011; Kaibyshev, Rustam/G-8804-2011 OI Nieh, Tai-Gang/0000-0002-2814-3746; NR 26 TC 69 Z9 72 U1 1 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD FEB 15 PY 2003 VL 342 IS 1-2 BP 169 EP 177 AR PII S0921-5093(02)00276-9 DI 10.1016/S0921-5093(02)00276-9 PG 9 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 621BP UT WOS:000179568900018 ER PT J AU Yu, MH Devi, PS Lewis, LH Sampath, S Parise, JB Gambino, RJ AF Yu, MH Devi, PS Lewis, LH Sampath, S Parise, JB Gambino, RJ TI Novel synthesis and magnetocaloric assessment of functional oxide perovskites SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING B-SOLID STATE MATERIALS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE magnetocaloric effect; perovskite oxide; gel autoignition; combustion thermal spray ID MAGNETIC ENTROPY CHANGE; TEMPERATURE SYNTHESIS; REFRIGERATION; FILMS AB The magnetic entropy change associated with the ferromagnetic Curie transition has been studied in La0.85Sr0.15MnO3 (LSM) perovskites obtained by both the citrate-nitrate get autoignition and combustion thermal spray techniques. A modest magnetic entropy change can be observed in La0.85Sr0.15MnO3 by sintering the precursor-derived powder at 1200 degreesC for 16 h or by combustion spraying the solution precursor onto an At substrate and annealing at 800 degreesC for 6 h. The combustion thermal spray process with rapid deposition rates and relatively low deposition temperature directly produces a microcrystalline perovskite phase. This microcrystalline powder can be processed more rapidly and at lower temperatures than that derived from the sol-gel syntheses process to produce material with fine crystallinity and an obvious magnetocaloric effect. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ctr Thermal Spray Res, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Geosci, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. RP Yu, MH (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Bldg 480, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 18 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5107 J9 MAT SCI ENG B-SOLID JI Mater. Sci. Eng. B-Solid State Mater. Adv. Technol. PD FEB 15 PY 2003 VL 97 IS 3 BP 245 EP 250 AR PII S0921-5107(02)00597-4 DI 10.1016/S0921-5107(02)00597-4 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 654AL UT WOS:000181469800007 ER PT J AU Holm, DD AF Holm, DD TI Rasetti-Regge Dirac bracket formulation of Lagrangian fluid dynamics of vortex filaments SO MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTERS IN SIMULATION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Nonlinear Evolution Equations and Wave Phenomena: Computation and Theory CY APR 09-12, 2001 CL ATHENS, GEORGIA DE Lagrangian fluid; RRDB; Hasimoto transformation ID HYDRODYNAMIC-TYPE SYSTEMS; HAMILTONIAN-DYNAMICS; CLEBSCH VARIABLES; LINES; VORTICES; PLASMAS AB We review the Rasetti-Regge Dirac bracket (RRDB) for determining the constrained Hamiltonian dynamics of vortex filaments moving with an incompressible potential flow of superfluid helium-II in the Lagrangian fluid picture. We compare the equations for Lagrangian vortex filaments with their corresponding Eulerian vorticity dynamics in the examples of the Euler fluid, superfluid vortices, the local induction approximation (LIA), the Rosenhead regularization and a new class of alternative regularized theories including the Euler-alpha model. The RRDB formulation generalizes the Betchov-Da Rios equation for the transverse self-induction velocity of a vortex filament from LIA to the case of an incompressible fluid whose energy may expressed as an arbitrary functional of spatial vorticity. We also discuss the relation of RRDB to the Marsden-Weinstein bracket for vortex filaments and its implications under the Hasimoto transformation for physically meaningful nonlocal nonlinear Schrodinger (NLNLS) equations. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. on behalf of IMACS. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Holm, DD (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, MS B284, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. OI Holm, Darryl D/0000-0001-6362-9912 NR 24 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4754 J9 MATH COMPUT SIMULAT JI Math. Comput. Simul. PD FEB 15 PY 2003 VL 62 IS 1-2 SI SI BP 53 EP 63 AR PII S0378-4754(02)00187-8 DI 10.1016/S0378-4754(02)00187-8 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA 651JR UT WOS:000181317200007 ER PT J AU Martinez, MJ Aragon, AD Rodriguez, AL Weber, JM Timlin, JA Sinclair, MB Haaland, DM Werner-Washburne, M AF Martinez, MJ Aragon, AD Rodriguez, AL Weber, JM Timlin, JA Sinclair, MB Haaland, DM Werner-Washburne, M TI Identification and removal of contaminating fluorescence from commercial and in-house printed DNA microarrays SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID EXPRESSION AB Microarray analysis is a critically important technology for genome-enabled biology, therefore it is essential that the data obtained be reliable. Current software and normalization techniques for microarray analysis rely on the assumption that fluorescent background within spots is essentially the same throughout the glass slide and can be measured by fluorescence surrounding the spots. This assumption is not valid if background fluorescence is spot-localized. Inaccurate estimates of background fluorescence under the spot create a source of error, especially for low expressed genes. We have identified spot-localized, contaminating fluorescence in the Cy3 channel on several commercial and in-house printed microarray slides. We determined through mock hybridizations (without labeled target) that pre-hybridization scans could not be used to predict the contribution of this contaminating fluorescence after hybridization because the change in spot-to-spot fluorescence after hybridization was too variable. Two solutions to this problem were identified. First, allowing 4 h of exposure to air prior to printing on to Corning UltraGAPS slides significantly reduced contaminating fluorescence intensities to approximately the value of the surrounding glass. Alternatively, application of a novel, hyperspectral imaging scanner and multivariate curve resolution algorithms, allowed the spectral contributions of Cy3 signal, glass, and contaminating fluorescence to be distinguished and quantified after hybridization. C1 Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. EM maggieww@unm.edu FU NHGRI NIH HHS [HG02262]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM67593, R01 GM067593] NR 13 TC 39 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-1048 EI 1362-4962 J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES JI Nucleic Acids Res. PD FEB 15 PY 2003 VL 31 IS 4 AR e18 DI 10.1093/nar/gng018 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 647VQ UT WOS:000181115100007 PM 12582263 ER PT J AU Scher, EC Manna, L Alivisatos, AP AF Scher, EC Manna, L Alivisatos, AP TI Shape control and applications of nanocrystals SO PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF LONDON SERIES A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Royal-Society Discussion Meeting on Quantum Dots - Science on the Smallest Scale CY APR 17-18, 2002 CL LONDON, ENGLAND SP Royal Soc DE nanocrystals; CdSe; cobalt; nanorods; tetrapods; quantum dots ID ASSEMBLED QUANTUM DOTS; PLASTIC SOLAR-CELLS; E = S; CDSE NANOCRYSTALS; CORE/SHELL NANOCRYSTALS; II-VI; SIZE; NANOPARTICLES; GROWTH; EVOLUTION AB Inorganic nanocrystals with well-defined shapes are important for understanding basic size-dependent scaling laws, and may be useful in a wide range of applications. Methods for controlling the shapes of inorganic nanocrystals are evolving rapidly. This paper will focus on how we currently control the shape of nanocrystals and this will be illustrated using CdSe and Co nanocrystals as examples for semiconductors and for metals. These materials show a more pronounced variation of fundamental properties with aspect ratio. However, to take advantage of these shape-dependent properties in possible applications, several challenges need to be overcome. Issues such as alignment, high quantum yield and photostability and precise control of three-dimensional structures need to be addressed. These challenges, as well as several potential applications, will be described briefly. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Scher, EC (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Manna, Liberato/G-2339-2010; Alivisatos , Paul /N-8863-2015 OI Manna, Liberato/0000-0003-4386-7985; Alivisatos , Paul /0000-0001-6895-9048 NR 49 TC 152 Z9 152 U1 1 U2 31 PU ROYAL SOC LONDON PI LONDON PA 6 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 1364-503X J9 PHILOS T ROY SOC A JI Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. Ser. A-Math. Phys. Eng. Sci. PD FEB 15 PY 2003 VL 361 IS 1803 BP 241 EP 255 DI 10.1098/rsta.2002.1126 PG 15 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 646YH UT WOS:000181063900004 PM 12639381 ER PT J AU Baek, IG Lee, HG Kim, HJ Vescovo, E AF Baek, IG Lee, HG Kim, HJ Vescovo, E TI Spin reorientation transition in Fe(110) thin films: The role of surface anisotropy SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID KERR-EFFECT OBSERVATION; MAGNETIC-ANISOTROPY; ULTRATHIN FILMS; IRON FILMS; FE FILMS; TEMPERATURE; FE/CU(100); DEPENDENCE; W(001); W(110) AB We report on the spin reorientation phase transition in Fe(110) ultrathin films, epitaxially grown on a W(110) single crystal. The critical film thickness of the magnetic reorientation (t(r)) has been monitored by spin-resolved photoemission. Either an increase or a decrease of t(r) can be induced by controlled modification of the surface (anisotropy) of the Fe films. t(r) is reduced by deposition of noble metal (Ag and Au) overlayers on the Fe(110) surface. The effect is significantly more pronounced in the case of Au overlayers than Ag. In contrast, t(r) is found to increase by small amounts of oxygen (0.25 monolayer) adsorbed on the Fe(110) surface. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Baek, IG (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 25 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 15 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 7 AR 075401 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.075401 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 654MT UT WOS:000181501200050 ER PT J AU Ellingson, RJ Blackburn, JL Nedeljkovic, J Rumbles, G Jones, M Fu, HX Nozik, AJ AF Ellingson, RJ Blackburn, JL Nedeljkovic, J Rumbles, G Jones, M Fu, HX Nozik, AJ TI Theoretical and experimental investigation of electronic structure and relaxation of colloidal nanocrystalline indium phosphide quantum dots SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ENERGY RELAXATION; INP; SPECTROSCOPY; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; DYNAMICS; EMISSION AB We present results of theoretical studies of the electronic structure, and experimental studies of electronic relaxation dynamics, for colloidally synthesized InP quantum dots (QD's). Detailed theoretical calculations of the electronic structure of a 41.8 Angstrom diameter InP QD, based on an atomistic pseudopotiential approach, are presented and discussed in the context of experimental measurements. Using femtosecond transient absorption (TA) spectroscopy, we find that the rate of relaxation of photogenerated excitons to the lowest-energy exciton level varies depending upon excitation energy and surface chemistry. Etching the QD's passivates surface electron traps and yields enhanced carrier cooling, which we ascribe to improved confinement of charge carriers to the QD core. When exciting near or slightly above the first exciton state, we observe a sub-picosecond decay of the band edge TA bleach signal which we attribute to a thermalization process. We also present size-selective transient absorption measurements providing experimental evidence which confirms the existence of two s-like exciton states spaced by similar to100 meV. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Ctr Basic Sci, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys, Camden, NJ 08102 USA. RP Ellingson, RJ (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Ctr Basic Sci, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RI Jones, Marcus/B-3291-2008; Blackburn, Jeffrey/D-7344-2012; Ellingson, Randy/H-3424-2013; Nozik, Arthur/A-1481-2012; Nozik, Arthur/P-2641-2016 OI Jones, Marcus/0000-0001-9912-1168; NR 21 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 15 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 7 AR 075308 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.075308 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 654MT UT WOS:000181501200041 ER PT J AU Farangis, B Nachimuthu, P Richardson, TJ Slack, JL Perera, RCC Gullikson, EM Lindle, DW Rubin, M AF Farangis, B Nachimuthu, P Richardson, TJ Slack, JL Perera, RCC Gullikson, EM Lindle, DW Rubin, M TI In situ x-ray-absorption spectroscopy study of hydrogen absorption by nickel-magnesium thin films SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SWITCHABLE OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; FINE-STRUCTURE; NI FILMS; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; HIGH-RESOLUTION; K-EDGE; SPIN; MG; OVERLAYERS; MAGNETISM AB Structural and electronic properties of co-sputtered Ni-Mg thin films with varying Ni to Mg ratio were studied by in situ x-ray absorption spectroscopy in the Ni L-edge and Mg K-edge regions. Codeposition of the metals led to increased disorder and decreased coordination around Ni and Mg compared to pure metal films. Exposure of the metallic films to hydrogen resulted in formation of hydrides and increased disorder. The presence of hydrogen as a near neighbor around Mg caused a drastic reduction in the intensities of multiple scattering resonances at higher energies. The optical switching behavior and changes in the x-ray spectra varied with Ni to Mg atomic ratio. Pure Mg films with Pd overlayers were converted to MgH2: The H atoms occupy regular sites as in bulk MgH2. Although optical switching was slow in the absence of Ni, the amount of H-2 absorption was large. Incorporation of Ni in Mg films led to an increase in the speed of optical switching but decreased maximum transparency. Significant shifts in the Ni L-3 and L-2 peaks are consistent with strong interaction with hydrogen in the mixed films. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Sci Mat, Ctr Xray Opt, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Nevada, Dept Chem, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. RP Farangis, B (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 43 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 5 U2 12 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 15 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 8 AR 085106 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.085106 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 654WN UT WOS:000181520100018 ER PT J AU Lee, SJ Park, JM Canfield, PC Lynch, DW AF Lee, SJ Park, JM Canfield, PC Lynch, DW TI Optical properties and electronic structures of single crystalline RAl3 (R = Sc, Yb, and Lu) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-ABSORPTION; VALENCE; YBAL3; STABILITY; GROWTH; SCAL3 AB The optical conductivities of single crystals of ScAl3, LuAl3, and YbAl3 were measured by spectroscopic ellipsometry in the energy range of 1.5-5.5 eV. The conductivity spectra of all show peaks between 1.5 and 2.0 eV originating from interband transitions. Two additional peaks around at 2.9 and 4.2 eV are observed for ScAl3, and a weak shoulder is observed around at 2.8 eV for LuAl3. Band structure, density of states, and optical conductivity were calculated using the full-potential linear augmented plane wave method. The calculated conductivity spectrum for ScAl3 shows peaks around at 2.7 and 4.3 eV. The distinctive feature of the optical conductivity for ScAl3 comes from the extraordinary large Sc d unoccupied density of states compared to those of Yb d and Lu d. Oxidation effects on the optical properties of the sample were studied using a three-phase model. The calculated optical conductivity of the clean surface using the three-phase model is larger than that of the oxidized surface. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Lee, SJ (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RI Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014 NR 24 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 15 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 7 AR 075104 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.075104 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 654MT UT WOS:000181501200020 ER PT J AU McMahan, AK Held, K Scalettar, RT AF McMahan, AK Held, K Scalettar, RT TI Thermodynamic and spectral properties of compressed Ce calculated using a combined local-density approximation and dynamical mean-field theory SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ALPHA-GAMMA-TRANSITION; PERIODIC ANDERSON MODEL; KONDO VOLUME-COLLAPSE; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; PHASE-TRANSITION; INFINITE DIMENSIONS; GAMMA->ALPHA TRANSITION; ORBITAL POLARIZATION; CORRELATED SYSTEMS; DETAILED ANALYSIS AB We have calculated thermodynamic and spectral properties of Ce metal over a wide range of volume and temperature, including the effects of 4f electron correlations, by the merger of the local-density approximation and dynamical mean-field theory (DMFT). The DMFT equations are solved using the quantum Monte Carlo technique supplemented by the more approximate Hubbard-I and Hartree-Fock methods. At a large volume we find Hubbard split spectra, the associated local moment, and an entropy consistent with degeneracy in the moment direction. On compression through the volume range of the observed gamma-alpha transition, an Abrikosov-Suhl resonance begins to grow rapidly in the 4f spectra at the Fermi level, a corresponding peak develops in the specific heat, and the entropy drops rapidly in the presence of a persistent, although somewhat reduced, local moment. Our parameter-free spectra agree well with experiment at the alpha- and gamma-Ce volumes, and a region of negative curvature in the correlation energy leads to a shallowness in the low-temperature total energy over this volume range which is consistent with the gamma-alpha transition. As measured by the double occupancy, we find a noticeable decrease in correlation on compression across the transition; however, even at the smallest volumes considered, Ce remains strongly correlated with residual Hubbard bands to either side of a dominant Fermi-level structure. These characteristics are discussed in light of current theories for the volume collapse transition in Ce. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Max Planck Inst Festkorperforsch, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Held, Karsten/O-4178-2015 OI Held, Karsten/0000-0001-5984-8549 NR 72 TC 91 Z9 91 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 15 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 7 AR 075108 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.075108 PG 18 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 654MT UT WOS:000181501200024 ER PT J AU Ray, S Mahadevan, P Kumar, A Sarma, DD Cimino, R Pedio, M Ferrari, L Pesci, A AF Ray, S Mahadevan, P Kumar, A Sarma, DD Cimino, R Pedio, M Ferrari, L Pesci, A TI Strong correlation effects in the electronic structure of Sr2FeMoO6 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID PHOTOIONIZATION CROSS-SECTIONS; SEMICONDUCTOR-METAL TRANSITION; TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; WAVE BASIS-SET; AB-INITIO; RESONANT-PHOTOEMISSION; EXCITATION-SPECTRA; MODEL; NI; MAGNETORESISTANCE AB We investigate the electronic structure of Sr2FeMoO6 combining photoemission spectroscopy with a wide range of photon energies and electronic structure calculations based on first-principle as well as model Hamiltonian approaches to reveal several interesting aspects. We find evidence for unusually strong Coulomb correlation effects both in the Fe 3d and O 2p states, with an enhanced manifestation in the majority spin channel. Additionally, O 2p states exhibit a spin splitting of nonmagnetic origin, which nevertheless is likely to have a subtle influence on the stability of the ferromagnetism of this compound. C1 Indian Inst Sci, Solid State & Struct Chem Unit, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Roma, Italy. CNR, ISM, I-34012 Basovizza, TS, Italy. Univ Trieste, Trieste, Italy. Indian Inst Sci, Jawaharlal Nehru Ctr Adv Sci Res, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India. RP Indian Inst Sci, Solid State & Struct Chem Unit, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India. EM sarma@sscu.iisc.ernet.in RI Sarma, D. D./B-2576-2010; Pedio, Maddalena/O-4962-2015 OI Sarma, D. D./0000-0001-6433-1069; Pedio, Maddalena/0000-0002-3305-4318 NR 39 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 15 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 8 AR 085109 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.085109 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 654WN UT WOS:000181520100021 ER PT J AU Schafer, J Erwin, SC Hansmann, M Song, Z Rotenberg, E Kevan, SD Hellberg, CS Horn, K AF Schafer, J Erwin, SC Hansmann, M Song, Z Rotenberg, E Kevan, SD Hellberg, CS Horn, K TI Random registry shifts in quasi-one-dimensional adsorbate systems SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SI(111) SURFACE; QUANTUM CHAINS; RECONSTRUCTION; MG; SILICON; WAVE AB The apparent contradiction of one-dimensional adsorbate chains on Si(111) having a 3x2 unit cell and yet a 3x1 diffraction pattern is resolved for the example of Ba/Si(111)-(3x2). Random registry shifts between adsorbate chains are observed in tunneling microscopy, with very short interchain correlation lengths. Fourier analysis provides a natural explanation for a pseudo-(3x1) diffraction pattern. Within density-functional theory such registry shifts can occur with essentially negligible energy cost, leading to entropy-driven, virtually perfect disorder. Substrate states of high symmetry and one-dimensional character are inferred to promote this phenomenon. C1 Univ Augsburg, Inst Phys, D-86135 Augsburg, Germany. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. USN, Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Max Planck Gesell, Fritz Haber Inst, D-14195 Berlin, Germany. Univ Oregon, Dept Phys, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. RP Schafer, J (reprint author), Univ Augsburg, Inst Phys, D-86135 Augsburg, Germany. RI Erwin, Steven/B-1850-2009; Rotenberg, Eli/B-3700-2009; Hellberg, C. Stephen/E-5391-2010; Kevan, Stephen/F-6415-2010 OI Rotenberg, Eli/0000-0002-3979-8844; Kevan, Stephen/0000-0002-4621-9142 NR 19 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 15 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 8 AR 085411 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.085411 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 654WN UT WOS:000181520100060 ER PT J AU Bjorken, JD AF Bjorken, JD TI Cosmology and the standard model SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID QUARK MASSES; BLACK-HOLE; CONSTANT; GRAVITY AB We consider the properties of an ensemble of universes as function of size, where size is defined in terms of the asymptotic value of the Hubble constant (or, equivalently, the value of the cosmological constant). We assume that standard model parameters depend upon size in a manner that we have previously suggested, and provide additional motivation for that choice. Given these assumptions, it follows that universes with different sizes will have different physical properties, and we estimate, very roughly, that only if a universe has a size within a factor root2 of our own will it support life as we know it. We discuss implications of this picture for some of the basic problems of cosmology and particle physics, as well as the difficulties this point of view creates. C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Bjorken, JD (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. NR 42 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 15 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 4 AR 043508 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.67.043508 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 653NR UT WOS:000181443000018 ER PT J AU Friedland, A Murayama, H Perelstein, M AF Friedland, A Murayama, H Perelstein, M TI Domain walls as dark energy SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID DYNAMICAL SUPERSYMMETRY BREAKING; LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE; COSMOLOGICAL CONSTANT; GALAXY CLUSTERS; COSMIC STRINGS; IA SUPERNOVAE; UNIVERSE; EQUATION; STATE; QUINTESSENCE AB The possibility that the energy density of the Universe is dominated by a network of low-tension domain walls provides an alternative to the commonly discussed cosmological constant and scalar-field quintessence models of dark energy. We quantify the lower bound on the number density of the domain walls that follows from the observed near isotropy of the cosmic microwave background radiation. This bound can be satisfied by a strongly frustrated domain wall network. No fine tuning of the parameters of the underlying field theory model is required. We briefly outline the observational consequences of this model. C1 Inst Adv Study, Sch Nat Sci, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Theory Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Friedland, A (reprint author), Inst Adv Study, Sch Nat Sci, Einstein Dr, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. RI Murayama, Hitoshi/A-4286-2011 NR 45 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 15 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 4 AR 043519 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.67.043519 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 653NR UT WOS:000181443000029 ER PT J AU Kane, GL Lykken, J Mrenna, S Nelson, BD Wang, LT Wang, TT AF Kane, GL Lykken, J Mrenna, S Nelson, BD Wang, LT Wang, TT TI Theory-motivated benchmark models and superpartners at the Fermilab Tevatron SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID MEDIATED SUPERSYMMETRY BREAKING; CONSTRAINED MINIMAL SUPERSYMMETRY; ELECTROWEAK SYMMETRY-BREAKING; EFFECTIVE FIELD-THEORIES; COUPLED STRING THEORY; GAUGINO CONDENSATION; ORBIFOLD COMPACTIFICATIONS; DIMENSIONAL REDUCTION; SUPERSTRING MODELS; MODULAR INVARIANCE AB Recently published benchmark models have contained rather heavy superpartners. To test the robustness of this result, several benchmark models have been constructed based on theoretically well-motivated approaches, particularly string-based ones. These include variations on anomaly- and gauge-mediated models, as well as gravity mediation. The resulting spectra often have light gauginos that are produced in significant quantities at the Fermilab Tevatron collider, or will be at a 500 GeV linear collider. The signatures also provide interesting challenges for the CERN LHC. In addition, these models are capable of accounting for electroweak symmetry breaking with less severe cancellations among soft supersymmetry breaking parameters than previous benchmark models. C1 Univ Michigan, Randall Lab, Michigan Ctr Theoret Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Dept Theoret Phys, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Univ Michigan, Randall Lab, Michigan Ctr Theoret Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. NR 88 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 15 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 4 AR 045008 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.67.045008 PG 20 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 653NR UT WOS:000181443000059 ER PT J AU Klein, M AF Klein, M TI Loop effects in pseudosupersymmetry SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID BRANE SUPERSYMMETRY BREAKING; SYMMETRY-BREAKING; EXTRA DIMENSIONS; GAUGE FIELD; MODELS; ORBIFOLDS; VACUA; MASS AB We analyze the transmission of supersymmetry breaking in brane-world models of pseudosupersymmetry. In these models two branes preserve different halves of the bulk supersymmetry. Thus supersymmetry is broken although each sector of the model is supersymmetric when considered separately. The world-volume theory on one brane feels the breakdown of supersymmetry only through two-loop interactions involving a coupling to fields from the other brane. In a 5D toy model with bulk vectors, we compute the diagrams that contribute to scalar masses on one brane and find that the masses are proportional to the compactification scale up to logarithmic corrections, m(2)proportional to(2piR)(-2)[ln(2piRm(S))-1.1], where m(S) is an ultraviolet cutoff. Thus, for large compactification radii, where this result is valid, the brane scalars acquire a positive mass squared. We also compute the three-loop diagrams relevant to the Casimir energy between the two branes and find Eproportional to(2piR)(-4){[ln(2piRm(S))-1.7](2)+0.2}. For large radii, this yields a repulsive Casimir force. C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. EM mklein@slac.stanford.edu NR 42 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 15 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 4 AR 045021 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.67.045021 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 653NR UT WOS:000181443000072 ER PT J AU Parolini, C Chiesa, G Zhu, YW Forte, T Caligari, S Gianazza, E Sacco, MG Sirtori, CR Rubin, EM AF Parolini, C Chiesa, G Zhu, YW Forte, T Caligari, S Gianazza, E Sacco, MG Sirtori, CR Rubin, EM TI Targeted replacement of mouse apolipoprotein A-I with human ApoA-I or the mutant ApoA-l(Milano) - Evidence of APOA-I-M impaired hepatic secretion SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID HIGH-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEINS; CHOLESTEROL ACYLTRANSFERASE DEFICIENCY; CORONARY-ARTERY DISEASE; LOW HDL CHOLESTEROL; TRANSGENIC MICE; INVIVO METABOLISM; ANIMAL-MODEL; VA-HIT; PLASMA; ATHEROSCLEROSIS AB Despite a pro-atherogenic profile, individuals carrying the molecular variant (R173C) of apolipoprotein (apo)A-I, named apoA-I-Milano (apoA-I-M), appear to be at reduced risk for cardiovascular disease. To develop an in vivo system to explore, in a controlled manner, the effects of apoA-I-M on lipid metabolism, we have used the gene targeting technology, or "gene knock-in" (gene k-in), to replace the murine apoA-I gene with either human apoA-I or apoA-I-M genes in embryonic stem cells. As in human carriers, mice expressing apoA-I-M (A-I-M k-in) are characterized by low concentrations of the human apolipoprotein and reduced high density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, compared with A-I k-in animals. The aim of the present study was to investigate the basic mechanisms of hypoalphalipoproteinemia associated with the apoA-I-M mutation. ApoA-I and apoA-I-M mRNA expression, as assessed by Northern blot analysis and quantitative real time reverse transcription-PCR, did not exhibit significant differences in either liver or intestine. Moreover, human apolipoprotein synthesis rates were similar in the k-in lines. When the secretion rate of the human apoli-poproteins was assessed in cultured hepatocytes from the mouse lines, secretion from apoA-I-M-expressing cells was markedly reduced (42% for A-I-M k-in and 36% for A-I/A-I-M k-in mice) as compared with that of A-I k-in hepatocytes. These results provide the first evidence that the hypoalphalipoproteinemia in apoA-I-M human carriers may be partially explained by impaired apoA-I-M secretion. C1 Univ Milan, Dept Pharmacol Sci, I-20133 Milan, Italy. CNR, Ist Tecnol, I-20090 Milan, Italy. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Genome Sci Dept, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Parolini, C (reprint author), Univ Milan, Dept Pharmacol Sci, Via Balzaretti 9, I-20133 Milan, Italy. RI Sirtori, Cesare/F-4658-2012; Parolini, Cinzia/G-8984-2012; Chiesa, Giulia/G-8987-2012 OI Parolini, Cinzia/0000-0002-5699-0918; Chiesa, Giulia/0000-0001-5553-1210 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL55493, HL18574] NR 56 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD FEB 14 PY 2003 VL 278 IS 7 BP 4740 EP 4746 DI 10.1074/jbc.M207335200 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 645GY UT WOS:000180968900051 PM 12471038 ER PT J AU Schiffer, JP AF Schiffer, JP TI Order in confined ions SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS B-ATOMIC MOLECULAR AND OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Trapped Charged Particles and Fundamental Interactions (TCPFI) CY AUG 25-30, 2002 CL WILDBAD KREUTH, GERMANY ID ONE-COMPONENT PLASMA; TRAP; PARTICLES; FIELDS; COLD AB The phenomena associated with the ordering in classical finite one-component plasmas are reviewed with emphasis on simulations. The inevitable surface of finite systems imposes boundary conditions that have to be satisfied. The consequence of this is shell structure in the interior, which, for sufficiently large clouds, gives way to the body-centred cubic order characteristic of infinite Coulombic matter. The density of ions is constant if the confining potential is harmonic, but for forces with different radial dependence the density is non-uniform, becoming a hollow shell for a square well. The phase transition from an ordered state to a liquid in a finite system occurs at a temperature that is lower than that for an infinite system, with an associated latent heat of melting. This lowering in temperature depends on the size (number of ions) and is associated with the surface-to-volume ratio. For time-dependent confining forces, such as are characteristic of radio-frequency quadrupole (Paul) traps, the concept of temperature is complicated by the 'micro-motion' associated with the confining field. Simulations indicate that periodic motion is coupled to the random thermal motion very weakly for 'cold' systems. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM schiffer@anl.gov NR 17 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-4075 EI 1361-6455 J9 J PHYS B-AT MOL OPT JI J. Phys. B-At. Mol. Opt. Phys. PD FEB 14 PY 2003 VL 36 IS 3 BP 511 EP 523 AR PII S0953-4075(03)54387-5 DI 10.1088/0953-4075/36/3/309 PG 13 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 655NZ UT WOS:000181560100012 ER PT J AU Abazajian, KN Fuller, GM Patel, M AF Abazajian, KN Fuller, GM Patel, M TI Cosmological constraints on bulk neutrinos SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LARGE EXTRA DIMENSIONS; STERILE NEUTRINOS; DARK-MATTER; OSCILLATIONS; MODELS; TEV; PHENOMENOLOGY; MILLIMETER; PHYSICS; MASS AB Recent models invoking extra spacelike dimensions inhabited by (bulk) neutrinos are shown to have significant cosmological effects if the size of the largest extra dimension is R greater than or similar to 1 fm. We consider effects on cosmic microwave background anisotropies, big bang nucleosynthesis, deuterium and Li-6 photoproduction, diffuse photon backgrounds, and structure formation. The resulting constraints can be stronger than either bulk graviton overproduction constraints or laboratory constraints. C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, NASA Fermilab Astrophys Ctr, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Abazajian, KN (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. NR 50 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 14 PY 2003 VL 90 IS 6 AR 061301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.061301 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 646BX UT WOS:000181015900008 PM 12633285 ER PT J AU Brito, C Aranson, IS Chate, H AF Brito, C Aranson, IS Chate, H TI Vortex glass and vortex liquid in oscillatory media SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GINZBURG-LANDAU EQUATION; SPIRAL WAVES; TURBULENCE AB We study the disordered, multispiral solutions of two-dimensional oscillatory media for parameter values at which the single-spiral/vortex solution is fully stable. Using the complex Ginzburg-Landau (CGLE) equation, we show that these states, heretofore believed to be static, actually evolve extremely slowly. This is achieved via a reduction of the CGLE to the evolution of the sole vortex coordinates. This true defect-mediated turbulence occurs in two distinct phases, a vortex liquid characterized by normal diffusion of spirals, and a slowly relaxing, intermittent, "vortex glass". C1 Univ Fed Rio Grande Sul, Inst Fis, BR-91501970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. Ctr Etud Saclay, CEA, Serv Phys Etat Condense, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Brito, C (reprint author), Univ Fed Rio Grande Sul, Inst Fis, BR-91501970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. RI Aranson, Igor/I-4060-2013; Brito, Carolina/J-2432-2013; Chate, Hugues/D-2156-2015 OI Chate, Hugues/0000-0002-6098-4094 NR 22 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 14 PY 2003 VL 90 IS 6 AR 068301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.068301 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 646BX UT WOS:000181015900056 PM 12633333 ER PT J AU Bulaevskii, L Buzdin, A Maley, M AF Bulaevskii, L Buzdin, A Maley, M TI Intrinsic pinning of vortices as a direct probe of the nonuniform Larkin-Ovchinnikov-Fulde-Ferrell state in layered superconductors SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ORGANIC SUPERCONDUCTORS; ANGULAR-DEPENDENCE; 2D SUPERCONDUCTORS; VORTEX LATTICE; FIELDS AB Previously the search for the modulated superconducting Larkin-Ovchinnikov-Fulde-Ferrell (LOFF) state was performed by means of measurements which do not give direct information on spatial modulation of the superconducting state. We propose to measure interlayer conductivity in Josephson-coupled layered superconductors as a function of the strength and the orientation of the parallel magnetic field. We show that interlayer critical current and the conductivity have peaks when the magnetic field is perpendicular to the in-plane wave vector of the LOFF state and when the period of the Josephson vortex lattice induced by the magnetic field is commensurate with the LOFF period. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Bordeaux 1, Ctr Phys Mol Opt & Hertzienne, F-33405 Talence, France. RP Bulaevskii, L (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Buzdin, Alexander/I-6038-2013 NR 24 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 14 PY 2003 VL 90 IS 6 AR 067003 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.067003 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 646BX UT WOS:000181015900042 PM 12633319 ER PT J AU Dobrovitski, VV Katsnelson, MI Harmon, BN AF Dobrovitski, VV Katsnelson, MI Harmon, BN TI Length scale coupling for nonlinear dynamical problems in magnetism SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIZATION REVERSAL; SIMULATIONS AB The dynamics of real magnets is often governed by several interacting processes taking place simultaneously at different length scales. For dynamical simulations, the relevant length scales should be coupled, and the energy transfer accurately described. We show that in this case the micromagnetic theory is not always reliable. We present a coarse-graining approach applicable to nonlinear problems, which provides a unified description of all relevant length scales, allowing a smooth, seamless coupling. The simulations performed on model systems show that the coarse-graining approach achieves nearly the precision of all-atom simulations. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Inst Met Phys, Ekaterinburg 620219, Russia. RP Dobrovitski, VV (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RI Katsnelson, Mikhail/D-4359-2012 NR 19 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 14 PY 2003 VL 90 IS 6 AR 067201 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.067201 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 646BX UT WOS:000181015900045 PM 12633322 ER PT J AU Draeger, EW Ceperley, DM AF Draeger, EW Ceperley, DM TI Superfluidity in a doped helium droplet SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HE-4 CLUSTERS; MOLECULES AB Path-integral Monte Carlo calculations of the superfluid density throughout He-4 droplets doped with linear impurities are presented. After deriving a local estimator for the superfluid density distribution, we find a decreased superfluid response in the cylindrically symmetric region of the first solvation layer. The helium in this region has a superfluid transition temperature similar to that of a two-dimensional helium system and may be responsible for previously unexplained experimental Q-branch measurements. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Univ Illinois, Natl Ctr Supercomp Applicat, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Draeger, EW (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Ceperley, David/A-6858-2008 NR 14 TC 69 Z9 69 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 14 PY 2003 VL 90 IS 6 AR 065301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.065301 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 646BX UT WOS:000181015900020 PM 12633297 ER PT J AU Kim, H Ruhm, A Lurio, LB Basu, JK Lal, J Lumma, D Mochrie, SGJ Sinha, SK AF Kim, H Ruhm, A Lurio, LB Basu, JK Lal, J Lumma, D Mochrie, SGJ Sinha, SK TI Surface dynamics of polymer films SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-SCATTERING; GLASS-TRANSITION; FLUCTUATIONS; WAVES AB The dynamics of supported polymer films were studied by probing the surface height fluctuations as a function of lateral length scale using x-ray photon correlation spectroscopy. Measurements were performed on polystyrene (PS) films of thicknesses varying from 84 to 333 nm at temperatures above the PS glass transition temperature. Within a range of wave vectors spanning 10(-3) to 10(-2) nm(-1), good agreement is found between the measured surface dynamics and the theory of overdamped thermal capillary waves on thin films. Quantitatively, the data can be accounted for using the viscosity of bulk PS. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, LANSCE, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Sogang Univ, Dept Phys, Seoul 121742, South Korea. MIT, Ctr Mat Sci & Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Max Planck Inst Met Res, Stuttgart, Germany. No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. Univ Illinois, Mat Res Lab, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Yale Univ, Dept Phys & Appl Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Kim, H (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 20 TC 122 Z9 122 U1 6 U2 47 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 14 PY 2003 VL 90 IS 6 AR 068302 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.068302 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 646BX UT WOS:000181015900057 PM 12633334 ER PT J AU Kogan, VG Pokrovsky, VL AF Kogan, VG Pokrovsky, VL TI Current in narrow channels of anisotropic superconductors SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID THIN-FILMS AB We argue that, in channels cut out of anisotropic single crystal superconductors and narrow on the scale of London penetration depth, the persistent current must cause the transverse phase difference provided the current does not point in any of the principal crystal directions. The difference is proportional to the current value and depends on the anisotropy parameter, on the current direction relative to the crystal, and on the transverse channel dimension. An idea on how to measure the transverse phase is proposed. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. LD Landau Theoret Phys Inst, Chernogolovka 142432, Russia. RP Kogan, VG (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 14 PY 2003 VL 90 IS 6 AR 067004 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.067004 PG 3 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 646BX UT WOS:000181015900043 PM 12633320 ER PT J AU Leung, K Luzar, A Bratko, D AF Leung, K Luzar, A Bratko, D TI Dynamics of capillary drying in water SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MONTE-CARLO-SIMULATION; GAS-LIQUID NUCLEATION; LENNARD-JONES SYSTEM; HYDROPHOBIC SURFACES; COMPUTER-SIMULATION; HYDRATION FORCES; DISSOLVED-GAS; WALLS; EVAPORATION; ATTRACTION AB We use atomistic simulations to address the question when capillary evaporation of water confined in a hydrocarbonlike slit is kinetically viable. Activation barriers and absolute rates of evaporation are estimated using open ensemble Monte Carlo-umbrella sampling and molecular dynamics simulations. At ambient conditions, the evaporation rate in a water film four molecular diameters thick is found to be of the order 10(5) (nm(2) s)(-1), meaning that water readily evaporates. Films more than a few nanometers thick will persist in a metastable liquid state. Dissolved atmospheric gas molecules do not significantly decrease the activation barrier. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Pharmaceut Chem, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Coll Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Leung, K (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, MS 1421, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 46 TC 107 Z9 107 U1 4 U2 39 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 14 PY 2003 VL 90 IS 6 AR 065502 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.065502 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 646BX UT WOS:000181015900022 PM 12633299 ER PT J AU Malek, M Morii, M Fukuda, S Fukuda, Y Ishitsuka, M Itow, Y Kajita, T Kameda, J Kaneyuki, K Kobayashi, K Koshio, Y Miura, M Moriyama, S Nakahata, M Nakayama, S Namba, T Okada, A Ooyabu, T Saji, C Sakurai, N Shiozawa, M Suzuki, Y Takeuchi, H Takeuchi, Y Totsuka, Y Yamada, S Desai, S Earl, M Kearns, E Messier, MD Stone, JL Sulak, LR Walter, CW Goldhaber, M Barszczak, T Casper, D Gajewski, W Kropp, WR Mine, S Liu, DW Smy, MB Sobel, HW Vagins, MR Gago, A Ganezer, KS Keig, WE Ellsworth, RW Tasaka, S Kibayashi, A Learned, JG Matsuno, S Takemori, D Hayato, Y Ishii, T Kobayashi, T Maruyama, T Nakamura, K Obayashi, Y Oyama, Y Sakuda, M Yoshida, M Kohama, M Iwashita, T Suzuki, AT Ichikawa, A Inagaki, T Kato, I Nakaya, T Nishikawa, K Haines, TJ Dazeley, S Hatakeyama, S Svoboda, R Blaufuss, E Goodman, JA Guillian, G Sullivan, GW Turcan, D Scholberg, K Habig, A Ackermann, M Hill, J Jung, CK Martens, K Mauger, C McGrew, C Sharkey, E Viren, B Yanagisawa, C Toshito, T Mitsuda, C Miyano, K Shibata, T Kajiyama, Y Nagashima, Y Nitta, K Takita, M Kim, HI Kim, SB Yoo, J Okazawa, H Ishizuka, T Etoh, M Gando, Y Hasegawa, T Inoue, K Ishihara, K Shirai, J Suzuki, A Koshiba, M Hatakeyama, Y Ichikawa, Y Koike, M Nishijima, K Ishino, H Nishimura, R Watanabe, Y Kielczewska, D Berns, HG Boyd, SC Stachyra, AL Wilkes, RJ AF Malek, M Morii, M Fukuda, S Fukuda, Y Ishitsuka, M Itow, Y Kajita, T Kameda, J Kaneyuki, K Kobayashi, K Koshio, Y Miura, M Moriyama, S Nakahata, M Nakayama, S Namba, T Okada, A Ooyabu, T Saji, C Sakurai, N Shiozawa, M Suzuki, Y Takeuchi, H Takeuchi, Y Totsuka, Y Yamada, S Desai, S Earl, M Kearns, E Messier, MD Stone, JL Sulak, LR Walter, CW Goldhaber, M Barszczak, T Casper, D Gajewski, W Kropp, WR Mine, S Liu, DW Smy, MB Sobel, HW Vagins, MR Gago, A Ganezer, KS Keig, WE Ellsworth, RW Tasaka, S Kibayashi, A Learned, JG Matsuno, S Takemori, D Hayato, Y Ishii, T Kobayashi, T Maruyama, T Nakamura, K Obayashi, Y Oyama, Y Sakuda, M Yoshida, M Kohama, M Iwashita, T Suzuki, AT Ichikawa, A Inagaki, T Kato, I Nakaya, T Nishikawa, K Haines, TJ Dazeley, S Hatakeyama, S Svoboda, R Blaufuss, E Goodman, JA Guillian, G Sullivan, GW Turcan, D Scholberg, K Habig, A Ackermann, M Hill, J Jung, CK Martens, K Mauger, C McGrew, C Sharkey, E Viren, B Yanagisawa, C Toshito, T Mitsuda, C Miyano, K Shibata, T Kajiyama, Y Nagashima, Y Nitta, K Takita, M Kim, HI Kim, SB Yoo, J Okazawa, H Ishizuka, T Etoh, M Gando, Y Hasegawa, T Inoue, K Ishihara, K Shirai, J Suzuki, A Koshiba, M Hatakeyama, Y Ichikawa, Y Koike, M Nishijima, K Ishino, H Nishimura, R Watanabe, Y Kielczewska, D Berns, HG Boyd, SC Stachyra, AL Wilkes, RJ CA Super-Kamiokande Collaboration TI Search for supernova relic neutrinos at Super-Kamiokande SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ATMOSPHERIC NEUTRINOS; PAST SUPERNOVAE; EVOLUTION; SPECTRUM; SN1987A; BURST; FLUX; B-8 AB A search for the relic neutrinos from all past core-collapse supernovae was conducted using 1496 days of data from the Super-Kamiokande detector. This analysis looked for electron-type antineutrinos that had produced a positron with an energy greater than 18 MeV. In the absence of a signal, 90% C.L. upper limits on the total flux were set for several theoretical models; these limits ranged from 20 to 130 (nu) over bar (e) cm(-2) s(-1). Additionally, an upper bound of 1.2 (nu) over bar (e) cm(-2) s(-1) was set for the supernova relic neutrino flux in the energy region E-nu >19.3 MeV. C1 SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, Chiba 2778582, Japan. Boston Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Calif State Univ Dominguez Hills, Dept Phys, Carson, CA 90747 USA. George Mason Univ, Dept Phys, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. Gifu Univ, Dept Phys, Gifu 5011193, Japan. Univ Hawaii, Dept Phys & Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. KEK, High Energy Accelerator Res Org, Inst Particle & Nucl Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. Kobe Univ, Dept Phys, Kobe, Hyogo 6578501, Japan. Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. Louisiana State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Univ Minnesota, Dept Phys, Duluth, MN 55812 USA. Nagoya Univ, Dept Phys, Aichi 4648602, Japan. Niigata Univ, Dept Phys, Niigata 9502181, Japan. Osaka Univ, Dept Phys, Osaka 5600043, Japan. Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Phys, Seoul 151742, South Korea. Shizuoka Seika Coll, Shizuoka 4258611, Japan. Shizuoka Univ, Dept Syst Engn, Shizuoka 4328561, Japan. Tohoku Univ, Res Ctr Neutrino Sci, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. Tokai Univ, Dept Phys, Kanagawa 2591292, Japan. Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. Univ Warsaw, Inst Expt Phys, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. RI Obayashi, Yoshihisa/A-4472-2011; Yoo, Jonghee/K-8394-2016; Takeuchi, Yasuo/A-4310-2011; Nakamura, Kenzo/F-7174-2010; Sobel, Henry/A-4369-2011; Suzuki, Yoichiro/F-7542-2010; Martens, Kai/A-4323-2011; Wilkes, R.Jeffrey/E-6011-2013; Kim, Soo-Bong/B-7061-2014; Sakurai, Nobuyuki/M-5009-2014; Ishino, Hirokazu/C-1994-2015; Koshio, Yusuke/C-2847-2015; Kibayashi, Atsuko/K-7327-2015 OI Sakurai, Nobuyuki/0000-0002-1002-217X; Ishino, Hirokazu/0000-0002-8623-4080; Koshio, Yusuke/0000-0003-0437-8505; NR 21 TC 154 Z9 154 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 14 PY 2003 VL 90 IS 6 AR 061101 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.061101 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 646BX UT WOS:000181015900006 PM 12633283 ER PT J AU Morr, DK Balatsky, AV AF Morr, DK Balatsky, AV TI Impurities and quantum interference in the chains of YBa2Cu3O6+x SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SCANNING TUNNELING SPECTROSCOPY; D-WAVE SUPERCONDUCTORS; GAPLESS FERMI SYSTEMS; MAGNETIC-IMPURITIES; T-C; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; INPLANE ANISOTROPY; PENETRATION-DEPTH; BOUND-STATES; YBA2CU3O7-DELTA AB Motivated by recent experiments, we study the electronic structure near impurities in the chains of YBa2Cu3O6+x. Using a model of proximity induced chain superconductivity, we show that a resonance state in the chain density of states is induced only by a magnetic impurity. The spatial form of the resonance reflects the particle-hole nature of chain superconductivity and therefore distinguishes it from other broken symmetry phases. Because of quantum interference effects between impurities, the chains can undergo a quantum phase transition into a polarized state. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. NR 37 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 14 PY 2003 VL 90 IS 6 AR 067005 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.067005 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 646BX UT WOS:000181015900044 PM 12633321 ER PT J AU Warren, LA Kauffman, ME AF Warren, LA Kauffman, ME TI Microbial geoengineers SO SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material ID ACID-MINE DRAINAGE; MICROORGANISMS C1 McMaster Univ, Sch Geog & Geol, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada. Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Warren, LA (reprint author), McMaster Univ, Sch Geog & Geol, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada. NR 15 TC 8 Z9 20 U1 3 U2 9 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD FEB 14 PY 2003 VL 299 IS 5609 BP 1027 EP + DI 10.1126/science.1072076 PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 645DB UT WOS:000180960000033 PM 12586932 ER PT J AU Stepanauskas, R Moran, MA Bergamaschi, BA Hollibaugh, JT AF Stepanauskas, R Moran, MA Bergamaschi, BA Hollibaugh, JT TI Covariance of bacterioplankton composition and environmental variables in a temperate delta system SO AQUATIC MICROBIAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE bacterioplankton biogeography; 16S rRNA; T-RFLP; clone libraries; dissolved organic matter ID IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION; BACTERIAL COMMUNITY COMPOSITION; DISSOLVED ORGANIC-CARBON; RIBOSOMAL-RNA ANALYSIS; HIGH-MOUNTAIN LAKE; WATER; DYNAMICS; DIVERSITY; MATTER; ASSEMBLAGES AB We examined seasonal and spatial variation in bacterioplankton composition in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta (CA) using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis. Cloned 16S rRNA genes from this system were used for putative identification of taxa dominating the T-RFLP profiles. Both cloning and T-RFLP analysis indicated that Actinobacteria, Verrucomicrobia, Cytophaga-Flavobacterium and Proteobacteria were the most abundant bacterioplankton groups in the Delta. Despite the broad variety of sampled habitats (deep water channels, lakes, marshes, agricultural drains, freshwater and brackish areas), and the spatial and temporal differences in hydrology, temperature and water chemistry among the sampling campaigns, T-RFLP electropherograms from all samples were similar, indicating that the same bacterioplankton phylotypes dominated in the various habitats of the Delta throughout the year. However, principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least-squares regression (PLS) of T-RFLP profiles revealed consistent grouping of samples on a seasonal, but not a spatial, basis. beta-Proteobacteria related to Ralstonia, Actinobacteria related to Microthrix, and beta-Proteobacteria identical to the environmental Clone LD12 had the highest relative abundance in summer/fall T-RFLP profiles and were associated with low river flow, high pH, and a number of optical and chemical characteristics of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) indicative of an increased proportion of phytoplankton-produced organic material as opposed to allochthonous, terrestrially derived organic material. On the other hand, Geobacter-related beta-Proteobacteria showed a relative increase in abundance in T-RFLP analysis during winter/spring, and probably were washed out from watershed soils or sediment. Various phylotypes associated with the same phylogenetic division, based on tentative identification of T-RFLP fragments, exhibited diverse seasonal patterns, suggesting that ecological roles of Delta bacterioplankton were partitioned at the genus or species level. C1 Univ Georgia, Dept Marine Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. Calif State Univ Sacramento, US Geol Survey, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA. RP Stepanauskas, R (reprint author), Savannah River Ecol Lab, Drawer E, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. OI Bergamaschi, Brian/0000-0002-9610-5581; Stepanauskas, Ramunas/0000-0003-4458-3108 NR 49 TC 88 Z9 90 U1 2 U2 23 PU INTER-RESEARCH PI OLDENDORF LUHE PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY SN 0948-3055 J9 AQUAT MICROB ECOL JI Aquat. Microb. Ecol. PD FEB 13 PY 2003 VL 31 IS 1 BP 85 EP 98 DI 10.3354/ame031085 PG 14 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Microbiology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Microbiology GA 652AR UT WOS:000181357800008 ER PT J AU Banisaukas, J Szczepanski, J Eyler, J Vala, M Hirata, S Head-Gordon, M Oomens, J Meijer, G von Helden, G AF Banisaukas, J Szczepanski, J Eyler, J Vala, M Hirata, S Head-Gordon, M Oomens, J Meijer, G von Helden, G TI Vibrational and electronic spectroscopy of acenaphthylene and its cation SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID AROMATIC HYDROCARBON CATIONS; MICRON EMISSION FEATURES; INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; FLUORENE CATION; EXCITATION-ENERGIES; RADICAL CATIONS; SPECTRA; PHOTODISSOCIATION; BANDS; CORONENE AB Various spectroscopic and photochemical properties of the acenaphthylene radical cation have been determined. Acenaphthylene cations were generated by low energy electron impact, deposited in solid argon at 12 K, and studied via Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and visible/UV absorption spectroscopy. In addition, the gas-phase IR spectrum of cationic acenaphthylene was obtained via multiphoton dissociation spectroscopy of the species stored in a quadrupole ion trap, using the intense and widely tunable radiation of a free electron laser. These two sets of results have been compared to the calculated (B3LYP/6-31G(d) and BP86/6-31G(d)) vibrational spectra of neutral and cationic acenaphthylene to aid in spectral band assignments. Large differences between the calculated IR intensity distributions of neutral and cationic acenaphthylene are predicted. The observed spectra are consistent with the predictions. The conversion of acenaphthylene (C12H8) into acenaphthene (C12H10) was observed upon deposition of acenaphthylene in an argon matrix with excess hydrogen atoms. The inverse conversion of acenaphthene (C12H10) to acenaphthylene (C12H8) was found to occur when the former species was exposed to UV radiation in the matrix. Calculations of the electronic excited states of the acenaphthylene cation and its hydrogenated cationic and neutral forms have been performed using time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT), with SVWN/6-31(d,p), BLYP/6-31G(d,p), and B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) functionals/basis sets. Ten low-lying excited states were found theoretically for the cationic species. Three of these match closely with observed optical band energies. Finally, the photofragmentation pathways of the acenaphthene cation, a dihydrogenated product of acenaphthylene cation, were determined using Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FT-ICR) mass spectrometry. The possible contribution of the acenaphthylene cation to the "unidentified interstellar infrared (UIR)" bands is discussed briefly. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Chem, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Univ Florida, Ctr Chem Phys, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, William R Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. FOM, Inst Plasma Phys Rijnhuizen, NL-3430 BE Nieuwegein, Netherlands. Univ Nijmegen, Dept Mol & Laser Phys, NL-6500 GL Nijmegen, Netherlands. RP Vala, M (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Chem, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RI Meijer, Gerard/D-2141-2009; von Helden, Gert/H-9357-2012; Oomens, Jos/F-9691-2015 OI von Helden, Gert/0000-0001-7611-8740; NR 55 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 3 U2 16 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD FEB 13 PY 2003 VL 107 IS 6 BP 782 EP 793 DI 10.1021/jp0219754 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 672QU UT WOS:000182533500004 ER PT J AU Tarasov, VF Chemerisov, SD Trifunac, AD AF Tarasov, VF Chemerisov, SD Trifunac, AD TI H-atom electron-spin polarization in irradiated water and ice confined in the nanopores of Vycor glass SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID RADICAL PAIR RECOMBINATION; INDUCED MAGNETIC-POLARIZATION; TIME-RESOLVED EPR; SILICA; FIELD; TRANSITIONS; RADIOLYSIS; RESONANCE; HYDROGEN; CIDEP AB Chemically Induced Dynamic Electron-spin Polarization (CIDEP) in radiolytically generated H atoms in water-saturated Vycor glass is observed at different temperatures (+29 to -94degreesC) by time-resolved pulsed EPR spectroscopy. The kinetics of polarization is investigated by means of the numerical solution of the stochastic Liouville equation (SLE) as applied to a two-site kinetic model. The experimental results are quantitatively simulated assuming that the H atom is one of the partners of the random (or triplet geminate) radical pairs and that the Heisenberg spin-spin exchange interaction is the only inter-radical interaction in such pairs. The recombination of H atoms with radical pair partners is a spin-selective reaction with activation parameters close to those of H-atom diffusion. It is shown that the rate of longitudinal spin relaxation of the partner, the rate of encounters, and the rate of the spin-selective recombination of the H atom with a partner are the most important kinetic parameters defining the observed time evolution of CIDEP. The kinetics of the CIDEP is defined mostly by the polarization generated in random pairs. The contribution of CIDEP from the geminate triplet radical pairs is important only at short times. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Trifunac, AD (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 26 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD FEB 13 PY 2003 VL 107 IS 6 BP 1293 EP 1301 DI 10.1021/jp021438j PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 672QV UT WOS:000182533600002 ER PT J AU Pan, ZW Zhu, HG Zhang, ZT Im, HJ Dai, S Beach, DB Lowndes, DH AF Pan, ZW Zhu, HG Zhang, ZT Im, HJ Dai, S Beach, DB Lowndes, DH TI Patterned growth of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes on pre-patterned iron/silica substrates prepared by sol-gel and shadow masking SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; FIELD-EMISSION; SOFT-LITHOGRAPHY; CATALYSTS AB The sol-gel technique has been used to prepare film-like iron/silica substrates for the large-scale growth of highly aligned carbon nanotubes. Here, we show that by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) grids as shadow masks, the sol-gel technique can be readily adapted to prepare patterned film-like iron/silica substrates, on which various kinds of micropatterns of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes can be fabricated. Not only were micropatterns composed of regularly arranged nanotube towers of (when viewed from the top) squares and hexagons obtained, but also patterns consisting of complex tube features (for example, hollow tube-like towers and nanotube networks) were fabricated via our approach. The synthesis of these morphologies can be readily controlled by using TEM grids with different openings and by tuning the parameters in preparing the patterned substrates. In comparison with other techniques that involve sophisticated lithography, our technique represents a simple and low-cost approach to the micropatterning of aligned carbon nanotubes. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Dai, S (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Dai, Sheng/K-8411-2015; OI Dai, Sheng/0000-0002-8046-3931; Pan, Zhengwei/0000-0002-3854-958X NR 21 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD FEB 13 PY 2003 VL 107 IS 6 BP 1338 EP 1344 DI 10.1021/jp026850d PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 672QV UT WOS:000182533600008 ER PT J AU West, GB Savage, VM Gillooly, J Enquist, BJ Woodruff, WH Brown, JH AF West, GB Savage, VM Gillooly, J Enquist, BJ Woodruff, WH Brown, JH TI Why does metabolic rate scale with body size? SO NATURE LA English DT Article C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Santa Fe Inst, Santa Fe, NM 87501 USA. Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Univ Arizona, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM gbw@lanl.gov NR 6 TC 80 Z9 83 U1 4 U2 28 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 EI 1476-4687 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD FEB 13 PY 2003 VL 421 IS 6924 BP 713 EP 713 DI 10.1038/421713a PG 1 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 644UP UT WOS:000180938000032 PM 12610614 ER EF