FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Lin, HT Ferber, MK Kirkland, TP AF Lin, HT Ferber, MK Kirkland, TP TI Evaluation of mechanical stability of a commercial Sn88 silicon nitride at intermediate temperatures SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article AB Dynamic fatigue and stress rupture tests in four-point bending were conducted on a commercially available SN88 silicon nitride ceramic at temperatures in the range 700degrees-1000degreesC in air. The objective of the present study was to elucidate the failure of SN88 silicon nitride ceramic nozzles arising from a critical crack initiated at the intermediate temperature airfoil region during an engine field test. Results of dynamic fatigue tests indicated that SN88 silicon nitride tested at a stressing rate of 30 MPa/s exhibited little change in characteristic strength at the various test temperatures. However, SN88 silicon nitride exhibited a significant degradation in mechanical strength when tested at 0.003 MPa/s at temperatures indicative of a great susceptibility to slow crack growth, especially at 850degreesC. SEM and XRD analyses indicated that the mechanical instability of SN88 silicon nitride at intermediate temperatures resulted from the transformation of secondary phase(s) from oxidation. These phase transformations were accompanied by a large volume change, which led to the generation of large local residual tensile stresses. As a result, extensive damage zones were formed, which led to a substantial degradation of mechanical strength and reliability. Microstructural examination of failed SN88 airfoils indicated that a similar damage zone was formed in the regions exposed to intermediate temperatures during engine testing. Consequently, the ultimate failure of these vanes was attributed to the loss in mechanical strength from the damage zone formation. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Lin, HT (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 20 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43086-6136 USA SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 86 IS 7 BP 1176 EP 1181 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 703LR UT WOS:000184281300019 ER PT J AU Murrell, J Despeyroux, D Lammert, SA Stephenson, JL Goeringer, DE AF Murrell, J Despeyroux, D Lammert, SA Stephenson, JL Goeringer, DE TI "Fast excitation" CID in a quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometer SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article ID PEPTIDE IONS; COLLISIONAL ACTIVATION; DISSOCIATION; SPECTRA; FRAGMENTATION; SIMULATION; MS/MS AB Collision-induced dissociation (CID) in a quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometer is usually performed by applying a small amplitude excitation voltage at the same secular frequency as the ion of interest. Here we disclose studies examining the use of large amplitude voltage excitations (applied for short periods of time) to cause fragmentation of the ions of interest. This process has been examined using leucine enkephalin as the model compound and the motion of the ions within the ion trap simulated using ITSIM. The resulting fragmentation information obtained is identical with that observed by conventional resonance excitation CID. "Fast excitation" CID deposits (as determined by the intensity ratio of the a(4)/b(4) ion of leucine enkephalin) approximately the same amount of internal energy into an ion as conventional resonance excitation CID where the excitation signal is applied for much longer periods of time. The major difference between the two excitation techniques is the higher rate of excitation (gain in kinetic energy) between successive collisions with helium atoms with "fast excitation" CID as opposed to the conventional resonance excitation CID. With conventional resonance excitation CID ions fragment while the excitation voltage is still being applied whereas for "fast excitation" CID a higher proportion of the ions fragment in the ion cooling time following the excitation pulse. The fragmentation of the (M + 17H)(17+) of horse heart myoglobin is also shown to illustrate the application of "fast excitation" CID to proteins. (C) 2003 American Society for Mass Spectrometry. C1 DSTL, Detect Dept, Salisbury SP4 0JQ, Wilts, England. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Murrell, J (reprint author), DSTL, Detect Dept, Salisbury SP4 0JQ, Wilts, England. RI Stephenson, James/A-9262-2009 NR 15 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1044-0305 J9 J AM SOC MASS SPECTR JI J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 14 IS 7 BP 785 EP 789 DI 10.1016/S1044-0305(03)00326-X PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA 705RZ UT WOS:000184409700013 PM 12837601 ER PT J AU Jeffery, CA Austin, PH AF Jeffery, CA Austin, PH TI Unified treatment of thermodynamic and optical variability in a simple model of unresolved low clouds SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; BOUNDARY-LAYER CLOUDS; GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; AVERAGED SOLAR FLUXES; LARGE-SCALE MODELS; LIQUID WATER PATH; STRATOCUMULUS CLOUDS; MARINE STRATOCUMULUS; STRATIFORM CLOUDS; REMOTE SENSORS AB Comparative studies of global climate models have long shown a marked sensitivity to the parameterization of cloud properties. Early attempts to quantify this sensitivity were hampered by diagnostic schemes that were inherently biased toward the contemporary climate. Recently, prognostic cloud schemes based on an assumed statistical distribution of subgrid variability replaced the older diagnostic schemes in some models. Although the relationship between unresolved variability and mean cloud amount is known in principle, a corresponding relationship between ice-free low cloud thermodynamic and optical properties is lacking. The authors present a simple, analytically tractable statistical optical depth parameterization for boundary layer clouds that links mean reflectivity and emissivity to the underlying distribution of unresolved fluctuations in model thermodynamic variables. To characterize possible impacts of this parameterization on the radiative budget of a large-scale model, they apply it to a zonally averaged climatology, illustrating the importance of a coupled treatment of subgrid-scale condensation and optical variability. They derive analytic expressions for two response functions that characterize two potential low cloud feedback scenarios in a warming climate. C1 Univ British Columbia, Atmospher Sci Programme, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. RP Jeffery, CA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, NIS-2,POB 1663,Mail Stop D-436, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM cjeffery@lanl.gov NR 62 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0022-4928 EI 1520-0469 J9 J ATMOS SCI JI J. Atmos. Sci. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 60 IS 13 BP 1621 EP 1631 DI 10.1175/1520-0469(2003)60<1621:UTOTAO>2.0.CO;2 PG 11 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 685UD UT WOS:000183280900007 ER PT J AU Fujitsu, S Ono, S Nomura, H Komatsu, M Yamagiwa, K Saiz, E Tomsia, AP AF Fujitsu, S Ono, S Nomura, H Komatsu, M Yamagiwa, K Saiz, E Tomsia, AP TI Joining of single-crystal sapphire to alumina using silicate glasses SO JOURNAL OF THE CERAMIC SOCIETY OF JAPAN LA English DT Article DE alumina; sapphire; joining; adhesion; high temperature performance ID CERAMICS AB The joining of a sapphire single crystal plate to alumina ceramic tube is fabricated successfully using 34CaO.30Al(2)O(3).36SiO(2) glass as an interlayer. This glass showed good adhesion performance to alumina ceramics and sapphire single crystal. The joint with no crack was obtained by heating at 1550degreesC for 10 min and slow cooling from 1200degreesC to room temperature. From the thermal shock test, the half of the specimens showed the cracks after quenching from 225degreesC to 0degreesC, but all specimens showed no cracks after quenching from 200degreesC to 0degreesC. The specimen, composed of alumina tube-sapphire plate-alumina tube showed the comparable bending strength to the specimen composed of alumina tube-alumina tube. C1 Shonan Inst Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Ceram Technol, Kanagawa 2518511, Japan. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Fujitsu, S (reprint author), Shonan Inst Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Ceram Technol, 1-1-25 Tsujido Nishikaigan, Kanagawa 2518511, Japan. NR 23 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 12 PU CERAMIC SOC JAPAN-NIPPON SERAMIKKUSU KYOKAI PI TOKYO PA 22-17, HYAKUNIN-CHO 2-CHOME, SHINJUKU-KU, TOKYO, 169-0073, JAPAN SN 1882-0743 EI 1348-6535 J9 J CERAM SOC JPN JI J. Ceram. Soc. Jpn. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 111 IS 7 BP 448 EP 451 DI 10.2109/jcersj.111.448 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 702VA UT WOS:000184244200002 ER PT J AU Beach, JD Collins, RT Turner, JA AF Beach, JD Collins, RT Turner, JA TI Band-edge Potentials of n-type and p-type GaN SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID EFFECTIVE-MASS PARAMETERS; OHMIC CONTACT FORMATION; THERMAL-STABILITY; ELECTROLYTE INTERFACE; INN; RESISTIVITY; DEPENDENCE; FILMS; TI/AL; INGAN AB The band-edge potentials of p-GaN in aqueous solutions were examined with photocurrent measurements, and those of n-GaN were examined with both photocurrent measurements and impedance spectroscopy. The measured band-edge potentials were different for both the different materials and the different measurement techniques. These differences are attributed to differences in the interface charging due to slow charge-transfer kinetics at the interface between the semiconductor and the solution. Using photocurrent measurements, the conduction band-edge potential was Phi(c,s) = (-1.092 - 0.063 x pH) V vs. a standard calomel electrode (SCE) for p-GaN and Phi(c,s) = (-0.538 - 0.046 x pH) V SCE for n-GaN. Using impedance spectroscopy, the conduction band-edge potential for n-GaN was Phi(c,s) = (-0.816 - 0.047 x pH) V SCE. (C) 2003 The Electrochemical Society. C1 Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Phys, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Beach, JD (reprint author), Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Phys, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RI Collins, Reuben/O-2545-2014 OI Collins, Reuben/0000-0001-7910-3819 NR 39 TC 67 Z9 68 U1 3 U2 25 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 150 IS 7 BP A899 EP A904 DI 10.1149/1.1577542 PG 6 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA 689TB UT WOS:000183508100010 ER PT J AU Roberts, GA Cairns, EJ Reimer, JA AF Roberts, GA Cairns, EJ Reimer, JA TI An electrochemical and XRD study of lithium insertion into mechanically alloyed magnesium stannide SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID ANODE MATERIAL; ION BATTERIES; LI INSERTION; MG2SN; ELECTRODES; SILICIDE AB The intermetallic Mg2Sn is a promising negative electrode material for rechargeable lithium cells. Preliminary cycling tests have demonstrated stable capacities at 400 mAh/g for 20 cycles. Magnesium stannide was produced by mechanically alloying magnesium and tin powders. Mechanical alloying can convert the equilibrium Mg2Sn phase to a metastable phase by the introduction of defects with extended milling times. In situ X-ray diffraction has shown that the cubic Li2MgSn phase, which is similar in size and structure to cubic Mg2Sn, is produced by lithium insertion into the equilibrium and metastable phases. The conversion from the metastable phase is irreversible, so subsequent lithium removal from Li2MgSn produces the equilibrium Mg2Sn phase. (C) 2003 The Electrochemical Society. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Roberts, GA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Analyt Mat Sci Dept, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Cairns, Elton/E-8873-2012 OI Cairns, Elton/0000-0002-1179-7591 NR 18 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 4 U2 12 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 150 IS 7 BP A912 EP A916 DI 10.1149/1.1578477 PG 5 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA 689TB UT WOS:000183508100012 ER PT J AU Wang, LF Ou, CC Striebel, KA Chen, JJS AF Wang, LF Ou, CC Striebel, KA Chen, JJS TI Study of mn dissolution from LiMn2O4 spinel electrodes using rotating ring-disk collection experiments SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID LITHIUM BATTERIES; CAPACITY LOSSES; ION BATTERIES; CELLS; CATHODE; OXIDES; TEMPERATURE; INSERTION; FADE AB The goal of this research was to measure Mn dissolution from a thin porous spinel LiMn2O4 electrode by rotating ring-disk collection experiments. The amount of Mn dissolution from the spinel LiMn2O4 electrode under various conditions was detected by potential step chronoamperometry. The concentration of dissolved Mn was found to increase with increasing cycle numbers and elevated temperature. The dissolved Mn was not dependent on disk rotation speed, which indicated that the Mn dissolution from the disk was under reaction control. The in situ monitoring of Mn dissolution from the spinel was carried out under various conditions. The ring currents exhibited maxima corresponding to the end-of-charge (EOC) and end-of-discharge (EOD), with the largest peak at EOC. The results suggest that the dissolution of Mn from spinel LiMn2O4 occurs during charge/discharge cycling, especially in a charged state (at >4.1 V) and in a discharged state (at <3.1 V). The largest peak at EOC demonstrated that Mn dissolution took place mainly at the top of charge. At elevated temperatures, the ring cathodic currents were larger due to the increase of Mn dissolution rate. (C) 2003 The Electrochemical Society. C1 Kaohsiung Med Univ, Sch Chem, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. I Shou Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Kaohsiung 840, Taiwan. RP Wang, LF (reprint author), Kaohsiung Med Univ, Sch Chem, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan. NR 24 TC 40 Z9 41 U1 4 U2 37 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 150 IS 7 BP A905 EP A911 DI 10.1149/1.1577543 PG 7 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA 689TB UT WOS:000183508100011 ER PT J AU Liu, B Qiu, X Huang, Y Hwang, KC Li, M Liu, C AF Liu, B Qiu, X Huang, Y Hwang, KC Li, M Liu, C TI The size effect on void growth in ductile materials SO JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICS AND PHYSICS OF SOLIDS LA English DT Article DE voids; size effect; void growth rate; strain gradient plasticity; Taylor dislocation model ID STRAIN GRADIENT PLASTICITY; DISCRETE DISLOCATION ANALYSIS; CRACK-TIP FIELD; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; CAVITATION INSTABILITIES; COMPOSITE-MATERIAL; THIN-FILMS; DEFORMATION; INDENTATION; FRACTURE AB We have extended the Rice-Tracey model (J. Mech. Phys. Solids 17 (1969) 201) of void growth to account for the void size effect based on the Taylor dislocation model, and have found that small voids tend to grow slower than large voids. For a perfectly plastic solid, the void size effect comes into play through the ratio epsilonl/R-0, where I is the intrinsic material length on the order of microns, c the remote effective strain, and R-0 the void size. For micron-sized voids and small remote effective strain such that epsilonl/R-0 less than or equal to 0.02, the void size influences the void growth rate only at high stress triaxialities. However, for sub-micron-sized voids and relatively large effective strain such that epsilonl/R-0 > 0.2, the void size has a significant effect on the void growth rate at all levels of stress triaxiality. We have also obtained the asymptotic solutions of void growth rate at high stress triaxialities accounting for the void size effect. For epsilonl/R-0 > 0.2, the void growth rate scales with the square of mean stress, rather than the exponential function in the Rice-Tracey model (1969). The void size effect in a power-law hardening solid has also been studied. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Mech & Ind Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Tsinghua Univ, Dept Engn Mech, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. ALCOA, Alcoa Tech Ctr, Alcoa Ctr, PA 15069 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Huang, Y (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Mech & Ind Engn, 1206 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM huang9@uiuc.edu RI Liu, Bin/B-4768-2008; QIU, Xinming/D-1013-2010; HWANG, Keh-Chih/A-9989-2014; Huang, Yonggang/B-6998-2009 NR 70 TC 57 Z9 59 U1 4 U2 16 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-5096 EI 1873-4782 J9 J MECH PHYS SOLIDS JI J. Mech. Phys. Solids PD JUL PY 2003 VL 51 IS 7 BP 1171 EP 1187 DI 10.1016/S0022-5096(03)00037-1 PG 17 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Mechanics; Physics GA 680UE UT WOS:000182996300001 ER PT J AU Lin, SY Fleming, JG Li, ZY El-Kady, I Biswas, R Ho, KM AF Lin, SY Fleming, JG Li, ZY El-Kady, I Biswas, R Ho, KM TI Origin of absorption enhancement in a tungsten, three-dimensional photonic crystal SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID BAND-GAP; EDGE AB A three-dimensional, metallic photonic crystal is realized and its absorption measured at infrared wavelengths. The metallic absorption rate is found to be suppressed in the photonic bandgap regime (lambda similar to 8-20 mum). On the other hand, order-of-magnitude absorption enhancement is observed at the photonic band edge (lambda similar to 5.8 mum). The enhancement is attributed to the slower group velocity of light at the photonic band edge, a longer photon-matter interaction length, and a finite intrinsic absorption of tungsten. (C) 2003 Optical Society of America. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Lin, SY (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,MS 0603, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RI El-Kady, Ihab/D-2886-2013 OI El-Kady, Ihab/0000-0001-7417-9814 NR 14 TC 67 Z9 68 U1 0 U2 10 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0740-3224 J9 J OPT SOC AM B JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 20 IS 7 BP 1538 EP 1541 DI 10.1364/JOSAB.20.001538 PG 4 WC Optics SC Optics GA 701MW UT WOS:000184172200019 ER PT J AU Collins, B AF Collins, B TI Ground layer competition and herbivory effects on cherrybark oak (Quercus pagoda Raf.) regeneration in experimental canopy gaps SO JOURNAL OF THE TORREY BOTANICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE canopy gaps; Quercus pagoda; bottomland hardwoods; oak regeneration ID BOTTOMLAND HARDWOOD FOREST; WHITE-TAILED DEER; SOUTH-CAROLINA; DECIDUOUS FOREST; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; TREEFALL GAPS; UNITED-STATES; GROWTH; SEEDLINGS; SURVIVAL AB Windthrows and small-scale forest harvests generate environmental heterogeneity and dense regrowth. In such sites, interactions among environmental factors, competition with ground layer vegetation, and herbivores attracted to the disturbed area all potentially influence recruitment and early establishment of canopy tree species. I examined the interactive effects of overstory gap size, canopy openness, herb layer competition, and mammalian (deer, swamp rabbits) herbivory on emergence and seedling bank formation of cherrybark oak, Quercus pagoda Raf., in experimental gaps created by mechanized logging in a bottomland hardwood forest. Acorns were planted in exclosures (deer, swamp rabbits, deer + swamp rabbits, neither) in the center of three gaps of each of six gap sizes (7, 10, 14, 20, 29, 40 m radius) and outside the exclosures in center, edge, and forest positions. Mortality was greatest during recruitment (within the first season), and was due primarily to damage to acorns by seed predators and shade effects on seedling establishment. After three seasons, seedlings from damaged acorns in the exclosure plots were shorter than those from undamaged acorns; however, these seedlings had higher relative growth rate, which suggests that acorn damage effects decline over time. Herb layer competition and shade due to position within a gap or gap size were associated with reduced survival or height of seedlings, both in the exclosures and in center, edge, and forest positions. Deer or rabbit herbivory had no measurable effect on seedling survival or growth over the first three seasons. Natural or created canopy gaps greater than or equal to 14 m radius can be foci for Q. pagoda regeneration if acorns are protected from predators; however, the dense vegetation in regenerating gaps could limit seedling height growth and multiple openings may be necessary for ascent out of the seedling bank. C1 Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. RP Collins, B (reprint author), Savannah River Ecol Lab, PO Drawer E, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. NR 50 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 12 PU TORREY BOTANICAL SOC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 E 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 1095-5674 J9 J TORREY BOT SOC JI J. Torrey Bot. Soc. PD JUL-SEP PY 2003 VL 130 IS 3 BP 147 EP 157 DI 10.2307/3557550 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 729MR UT WOS:000185777900001 ER PT J AU Aldajah, S Ajayi, OO Fenske, GR Kumar, S AF Aldajah, S Ajayi, OO Fenske, GR Kumar, S TI Investigation of top of rail lubrication and laser glazing for improved railroad energy efficiency SO JOURNAL OF TRIBOLOGY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article AB Two new technologies have recently been developed that can help to solve some of the wheel rail contact problems. The first is a method of top of rail lubrication (TOR) or friction modification (FM). The second is a technique of laser glazing of steel rails. Both technologies help in reducing the friction, wear, and energy consumption in the wheel rail contact. This paper introduces the two technologies and presents some specific aspects of both methods. A 1:12 scale wheel/rail simulator (LA 4000) was used to study the potential of these two new technologies on energy savings. In order to develop an efficient top of rail lubrication system, all parameters affecting FM consumption rates have been studied. These parameters include speed, angle of attack, load and lubricant quantity. LA 4000 friction/wear studies were conducted to evaluate the effect of laser glazing and TOR lubricant on the lateral slipforces between a simulated wheel/rail. Three conditions under dry and lubricated environments were studied: unglazed wheel and an unglazed rail, an unglazed wheel against a glazed rail, and a glazed wheel against a glazed rail. The results of the tests indicate that the use of TOR and laser glazing does indeed reduce the lateral forces, which are an indirect measure of the damage caused to the wheel, rail and track. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Tanergy Corp, Bensenville, IL 60106 USA. RP Aldajah, S (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. OI Aldajah, Saud/0000-0001-6061-1004 NR 9 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0742-4787 J9 J TRIBOL-T ASME JI J. Tribol.-Trans. ASME PD JUL PY 2003 VL 125 IS 3 BP 643 EP 648 DI 10.1115/1.1537745 PG 6 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 699WX UT WOS:000184080100023 ER PT J AU Wu, G Phillips, HL Sundelin, RM AF Wu, G Phillips, HL Sundelin, RM TI Energetic deposition of niobium thin film by ecr-plasma SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A LA English DT Article AB An electron cyclotron resonance (ECR)-plasma reactor has been built to do energetic ion deposition of refractory metals in vacuum. The system uses an E-beam gun to create refractory metal flux. The neutral metal flux feeds into a microwave resonator and forms pure metal plasma created by electron cyclotron resonance. The metal ions are extracted to a biased substrate for direct deposition. A retarding field energy analyzer is developed and used to measure the kinetic energy of metal ions at the substrate location. A high-quality niobium thin film is obtained through this deposition system. The niobium film exhibits an excellent superconducting transition. The niobium ion energy distribution has been measured. The niobium ion at the substrate location has a median kinetic energy of 64 eV with an energy spread of 20 eV under certain plasma conditions. (C) 2003 American Vacuum Society. C1 Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Wu, G (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. NR 9 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A PD JUL-AUG PY 2003 VL 21 IS 4 BP 842 EP 845 DI 10.1116/1.1575227 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 705RU UT WOS:000184409200004 ER PT J AU Broitman, E Hellgren, N Czigany, Z Twesten, RD Luning, J Petrov, I Hultman, L Holloway, BC AF Broitman, E Hellgren, N Czigany, Z Twesten, RD Luning, J Petrov, I Hultman, L Holloway, BC TI Structural and mechanical properties of diamond-like carbon films deposited by direct current magnetron sputtering SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A LA English DT Article ID AMORPHOUS-CARBON; THIN-FILMS; ION-BOMBARDMENT; STRESS; GROWTH; ENERGY; MODEL; STABILITY; HARDNESS; PRESSURE AB The microstructure, morphology, and mechanical properties of diamond-like carbon (DLC) films deposited by direct current magnetron sputtering were investigated for microelectromechanical systems applications. Film properties were found to vary markedly with the ion energy (E-ion) and ion-to-carbon flux ratio (J(ion)/J(C)). Cross-sectional high-resolution transmission electron microscopy revealed an amorphous microstructure. However, the presence of nanometer-sized domains. at E(ion)similar to85 eV was detected. Film stresses, sigma, which were compressive in all cases, ranged from 0.5 to 3.5 GPa and depended on the flux ratio as well as ion energy. The hardness (H), Young's moduli (epsilon), and elastic recovery (R) increased with E-ion to maximum values of H = 27 GPa, epsilon = 250 GPa, and R = 68% at E-ion= 85 eV and J(ion)/J(C) = 4.4. However, near edge x-ray absorption fine structure and electron energy-loss spectrum analysis showed that the sp(2)/sp(3) content of the films does not change with E-ion or J(ion)/JC. The measured change in mechanical properties without a corresponding change in sp(2)/sp(3) ratio is not consistent with any previously published models. We suggest that,. in the ranges 5 eV less than or equal toE(ion)less than or equal to 85 eV and 1.1 less than or equal toJ(ion)/J(C)less than or equal to 6.8, the presence of defective graphite formed by subplanted C and Ar atoms has the dominant influence on the mechanical properties of DLC films. (C) 2003 American Vacuum Society. C1 Coll William & Mary, Dept Appl Sci, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. Univ Illinois, Frederick Seitz Mat Res Lab, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Linkoping Univ, Dept Phys & Measurement Technol, SE-58183 Linkoping, Sweden. Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Broitman, E (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. RI Czigany, Zsolt/K-6212-2012; Petrov, Ivan/D-4910-2011; Broitman, Esteban/L-6950-2015 OI Czigany, Zsolt/0000-0001-6410-8801; Petrov, Ivan/0000-0002-2955-4897; Broitman, Esteban/0000-0003-3277-1945 NR 42 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 8 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A PD JUL-AUG PY 2003 VL 21 IS 4 BP 851 EP 859 DI 10.1116/1.1575231 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 705RU UT WOS:000184409200006 ER PT J AU Tian, Y Constant, A Lo, CCH Anderegg, JW Russell, AM Snyder, JE Molian, P AF Tian, Y Constant, A Lo, CCH Anderegg, JW Russell, AM Snyder, JE Molian, P TI Microstructure evolution of Al-Mg-B thin films by thermal annealing SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A LA English DT Article ID PULSED-LASER DEPOSITION; BORON-RICH SOLIDS; NANOMECHANICAL PROPERTIES; HETEROJUNCTION DIODES; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; ELECTRONIC-PROPERTIES; CARBIDE; ALMGB14; COATINGS; TECHNOLOGY AB The growth of Al-Mg-B thin films on SiO2/Si(100) substrates was performed by nanosecond pulsed laser deposition at three different substrate temperatures (300 K, 573 K, and 873 K). The as-deposited films were then annealed at 1173 K or 1273 K for 2 h. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction (XRD), and atomic force microscope were employed to investigate the effects of processing conditions on the composition, microstructure evolution, and surface morphology of the Al-Mg-B films. The substrate temperatures were found to affect the composition of as-deposited films in that the Mg content decreases and C content increases at higher substrate temperatures, in particular for the 873 K-deposited film. XRD results show that the as-deposited films were amorphous, and this structure may be stable, up to 1173 K. Annealing at 1273 K was found to fully crystallize the room temperature and 573 K-deposited Al-Mg-B films with the formation of the polycrystalline orthorhombic AlMgB14 phase, accompanied by the development of a pronounced (011) preferred orientation. Nevertheless, high C incorporation in the 873 K-deposited Al-Mg-B film inhibits the crystallization and the amorphous structure remains stable even during 1273 K annealing. The presence of Si in the room-temperature-deposited 1273 K-annealed film due to the interdiffusion between the substrate and film leads to the formation of an additional tetragonal alpha-FeSi2 phase, which is thought to cause the surface cracking and microstructural instability observed in this film. (C) 2003 American Vacuum Society. C1 Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ctr Microelect Res, Ames, IA 50011 USA. US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, US Dept Energy, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, US Dept Energy, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Tian, Y (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 3053 Gilman Hall, Ames, IA 50011 USA. OI Russell, Alan/0000-0001-5264-0104 NR 43 TC 29 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 9 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A PD JUL-AUG PY 2003 VL 21 IS 4 BP 1055 EP 1063 DI 10.1116/1.1586274 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 705RU UT WOS:000184409200033 ER PT J AU Yoshida, Y Gessert, TA Perkins, CL Coutts, TJ AF Yoshida, Y Gessert, TA Perkins, CL Coutts, TJ TI Development of radio-frequency magnetron sputtered indium molybdenum oxide SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 49th International Symposium of the American-Vacuum-Society CY NOV 03-08, 2002 CL DENVER, COLORADO SP Amer Vacuum Soc ID TRANSPARENT CONDUCTING OXIDES; TIN-OXIDE; THIN-FILMS; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES AB Molybdenum-doped indium oxide (IMO), an n-type transparent conducting oxide, was deposited using radio-frequency magnetron sputtering. The, effects of oxygen concentration in an argon ambient and substrate temperature on film properties were studied. Compared to undoped indium oxide (In2O3) films, IMO films demonstrated higher electron mobility and more than an order-of-magnitude higher carrier concentration. The highest conductivity IMO film demonstrated a mobility of 44 cm(2) V-1 s(-1) and a carrier concentration of 1.3 X 10(20) cm(-3). The properties of both In2O3 and IMO films were very sensitive to the oxygen concentration, but not to the substrate temperature. Average visible transmittance of In2O3 and, IMO films were 86% and 80%, respectively. Both optical and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses indicate a possible second phase in IMO films deposited at lower (less than or equal to1%) oxygen concentrations. (C) 2003 American Vacuum Society. C1 Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Phys, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Yoshida, Y (reprint author), Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Phys, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 22 TC 56 Z9 62 U1 1 U2 6 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A PD JUL-AUG PY 2003 VL 21 IS 4 BP 1092 EP 1097 DI 10.1116/1.1586281 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 705RU UT WOS:000184409200041 ER PT J AU Hernandez, C Wang, T Siggins, T Bullard, D Dylla, HF Reece, C Theodore, ND Manos, DM AF Hernandez, C Wang, T Siggins, T Bullard, D Dylla, HF Reece, C Theodore, ND Manos, DM TI dc field-emission analysis of GaAs and plasma-source ion-implanted stainless steel SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 49th International Symposium of the American-Vacuum-Society CY NOV 03-08, 2002 CL DENVER, COLORADO SP Amer Vacuum Soc AB Field-emission studies have been performed on a GaAs wafers and a sample of its stainless-steel (SS) support electrode that are part of a photocathode gun for the 10 kW Upgrade infrared free electron laser at Jefferson Lab. The objective of the studies presented here is to characterize the effect of both the cleanliness of the wafer and the plasma-source ion-implanted layer on the electrode to suppress field emission. Field emission is the limiting factor to achieve the required 6 MV/m at the surface of the wafer. Potential field emitters are first located on the surface of 1 in. diameter samples with a dc scanning field-emission microscope at 60 MV/m, then each emitter is characterized in a scanning electron microscope equipped with an energy dispersive spectrometer. The GaAs wafer was hydrogen cleaned before the study. The results show three emitters caused by indium contamination during wafer handling. The GaAs wafer thus shows good high-voltage characteristics and the need to maintain cleanliness during handling. The SS sample is hand polished with diamond paste to a 1 mum surface finish, then implanted with N-2/SiO2 in a plasma-source ion-implantation chamber in preparation for the field-emission studies. (C) 2003 American Vacuum Society. C1 Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Coll William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. RP Hernandez, C (reprint author), Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RI Schaff, William/B-5839-2009 NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A PD JUL-AUG PY 2003 VL 21 IS 4 BP 1115 EP 1119 DI 10.1116/1.1577131 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 705RU UT WOS:000184409200045 ER PT J AU Azad, S Szanyi, J Peden, CHF Wang, LQ AF Azad, S Szanyi, J Peden, CHF Wang, LQ TI Adsorption and reaction of NO on oxidized and reduced SrTiO3(100) surfaces SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 49th International Symposium of the American-Vacuum-Society CY NOV 03-08, 2002 CL DENVER, CO SP Amer Vacuum Soc ID TIO2(110) SURFACE; SPECTROSCOPY; SRTIO3(001); CHEMISORPTION; DEFECTS; TIO2; CO AB Adsorption and reaction of NO on oxidized and reduced SrTiO3(100)) surfaces have been studied using temperature programmed desorption (TPD). Major desorption peaks for NO from the fully oxidized surface are found at 140 and 260 K, along with a long tail that continues up to 500 K. The desorption features at 140 and 260 K correspond to activation energies of 36 and 66 kJ/mol, respectively, using a simple Redhead analysis. NO reacts nondissociatively on the fully oxidized surface. Reactivity of reduced SrTiO3 (100) is relatively higher than that of the fully oxidized surface and is influenced by the adsorption temperature of the NO molecules on the surface. NO and N2O are the major desorption products following adsorption of NO on the reduced surface at 110 K. Desorption of N2O from significantly reduced SrTiO3(100) indicates that the oxygen atoms of the adsorbed NO molecules are preferentially extracted by the surface oxygen vacancy sites, whereas the surface oxidizes as a result of the deoxygenation of the adsorbates. Adsorption of NO on the reduced surface at 297 K is followed by breakage of the N-O bond. producing adsorbed N and O atoms and recombination of these adspecies results in desorption of NO, and N-2 from this surface. Adsorption of NO on the significantly reduced surface at 200 K is followed by desorption of NO, N-2, and N2O as TPD products and the reactivity of this surface at 200 K presumably is a composite of the behavior observed for NO adsorption at 110 and 297 K. (D 2003 American Vacuum Society. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Phys & Chem Sci Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Mat Sci Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Pacific NW Natl Lab, Phys & Chem Sci Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM chuck.peden@pnl.gov OI Peden, Charles/0000-0001-6754-9928 NR 25 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 4 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0734-2101 EI 1520-8559 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A PD JUL-AUG PY 2003 VL 21 IS 4 BP 1307 EP 1311 DI 10.1116/1.1560718 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 705RU UT WOS:000184409200079 ER PT J AU Li, X Yan, Y Gessert, TA Perkins, CL Young, D DeHart, C Young, M Coutts, TJ AF Li, X Yan, Y Gessert, TA Perkins, CL Young, D DeHart, C Young, M Coutts, TJ TI Chemical vapor deposition-formed p-type ZnO thin films SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 49th International Symposium of the American-Vacuum-Society CY NOV 03-08, 2002 CL DENVER, CO SP Amer Vacuum Soc AB We have fabricated nitrogen-doped zinc oxide (ZnO) films that demonstrate p-type behavior by using metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. In our experiment, diethylzinc is used as a Zn precursor, and NO gas is used to supply both O and N to form a N-doped ZnO (ZnO:N) film. With these precursors, we have routinely reached an N concentration in the ZnO films of about 1-3 at. %. When the N concentration level is higher than 2 at. %, the films demonstrate p-type characteristics. The carrier concentration of the films varies from 1.0 x 10(15) to 1.0 x 10(18) cm(-3), and mobilities are mainly in the 10(-1) cm(2) V-1 s(-1) range. The lowest film resistivity achieved is similar to20 Omega cm. (C) 2003 American Vacuum Society. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Li, X (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM xiaonan_li@nrel.gov NR 10 TC 121 Z9 128 U1 3 U2 17 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A PD JUL-AUG PY 2003 VL 21 IS 4 BP 1342 EP 1346 DI 10.1116/1.1584036 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 705RU UT WOS:000184409200086 ER PT J AU Brown, GW Grube, H Hawley, ME Schofield, SR Curson, NJ Simmons, MY Clark, RG AF Brown, GW Grube, H Hawley, ME Schofield, SR Curson, NJ Simmons, MY Clark, RG TI Scanning tunneling microscopy imaging of charged defects on clean Si(100)-(2X1) SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 49th International Symposium of the American-Vacuum-Society CY NOV 03-08, 2002 CL DENVER, CO SP Amer Vacuum Soc ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; VACANCY; SI(001); SILICON; STM AB We have used scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) to image charged defects on the clean (100)-(2 x 1) surface of p-type silicon. In the absence of "C"-type defects, band bending can occur during STM imaging, allowing near surface charge to influence the state density contributing to the tunnel current. As in the case of cleavage faces of III-V semiconductor crystals, the charge-induced band bending produces long range enhancements superimposed on the periodic surface lattice. The charged defects observed in this work are of the types commonly observed elsewhere in clean Si(100) - (2 x 1) STM studies, however, not all defects of a given type appear charged. This would indicate subtle differences in defect structure that are not obvious at higher sample bias. This work demonstrates the ability to observe charged features on the clean Si(100) surface, which will be important for cur-rent and future research focused on producing atomic scale electronic structures. (C) 2003 American Vacuum Society. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ New S Wales, Sch Phys, Ctr Quantum Comp Technol, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM geoffb@lanl.gov RI Simmons, Michelle/B-2755-2010 OI Simmons, Michelle/0000-0002-6422-5888 NR 16 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 5 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0734-2101 EI 1520-8559 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A PD JUL-AUG PY 2003 VL 21 IS 4 BP 1506 EP 1509 DI 10.1116/1.1566973 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 705RU UT WOS:000184409200117 ER PT J AU Tangyunyong, P Nakakura, CY AF Tangyunyong, P Nakakura, CY TI Product development and yield enhancement through failure analysis of integrated circuits with scanning capacitance microscopy SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 49th International Symposium of the American-Vacuum-Society CY NOV 03-08, 2002 CL DENVER, COLORADO SP Amer Vacuum Soc ID PN-JUNCTION DELINEATION; SI DEVICES; SPECTROSCOPY AB The application of scanning capacitance microscopy (SCM) to failure analysis of integrated circuits is described. Both top-down (parallel to the wafer surface) and cross-sectional SCM measurements were performed on product lots containing yield-limiting failures identified with electrical testing. The SCM images of functioning devices were compared with those of failed devices to note any differences in free carrier distributions. Using this approach, the root causes of failures in two different product lots-one bulk Si technology and one silicon-on-insulator technology-were identified. These two examples are described in detail, as well as the subsequent corrective actions taken to improve yield. (C) 2003 American Vacuum Society. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Microelect Dev Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Tangyunyong, P (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Microelect Dev Lab, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A PD JUL-AUG PY 2003 VL 21 IS 4 BP 1539 EP 1544 DI 10.1116/1.1569925 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 705RU UT WOS:000184409200123 ER PT J AU Levi, DH Nelson, BP Perkins, JD Moutinho, HR AF Levi, DH Nelson, BP Perkins, JD Moutinho, HR TI In situ studies of the amorphous to microcrystalline transition of hot-wire chemical vapor deposition Si : H films using real-time spectroscopic ellipsometry SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 49th International Symposium of the American-Vacuum-Society CY NOV 03-08, 2002 CL DENVER, COLORADO SP Amer Vacuum Soc ID SILICON; CVD AB In situ real-time spectroscopic ellipsometry (RTSE) provides detailed information on the evolution of the structural and optical properties of Si:H films during growth [Collins et al., Appl. Surf. Sci. 154-155, 217 (2000)]. We have used in situ RTSE to characterize the morphology and crystallinity of hot-wire chemical vapor deposition (HWCVD) Si:H films grown on native-oxide covered crystal silicon substrates as a function of substrate temperature T-s, hydrogen dilution R=[H-2/SiH4], and film thickness d(b). Transitions from one mode of film growth to another are correlated with abrupt changes in the magnitude of the surface roughness during film growth. The degree of crystallinity of the film can be determined from the shape of the dielectric spectrum. We have studied the growth parameter space consisting of R from 0 to 14, T-s of 250 and 500 degreesC, and d(b) from 0 to I mum. We have mapped out the crystallinity versus R, T-s and d(b) based on our analysis of the RTSE data. The transition between a-Si:H and muc-Si:H for growth on crystalline silicon substrates is near the R=3 to R=4 dividing line and is also a strong function of film thickness. Initial coalescence of purely muc-Si:H material does not occur until R greater than or equal to 10. These results have been corroborated using Raman scattering and atomic force microscopy to characterize the crystallinity and surface morphology of the films. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Levi, DH (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 9 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A PD JUL-AUG PY 2003 VL 21 IS 4 BP 1545 EP 1549 DI 10.1116/1.1564037 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 705RU UT WOS:000184409200124 ER PT J AU Liu, C Conley, R Assoufid, L Macrander, AT Ice, GE Tischler, JZ Zhang, K AF Liu, C Conley, R Assoufid, L Macrander, AT Ice, GE Tischler, JZ Zhang, K TI Profile coatings and their applications SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 49th International Symposium of the American-Vacuum-Society CY NOV 03-08, 2002 CL DENVER, COLORADO SP Amer Vacuum Soc ID MULTILAYERS; MIRRORS; FILMS AB We report a method of profile coating to achieve a certain selected thickness profile of a thin film coating using dc magnetron sputtering. In profile coatings, the substrate is passed over a contoured mask at a constant speed to obtain a desired profile along the direction perpendicular to the substrate-moving direction. The shape of the contour depends on the desired profile and the thickness distribution directly above the gun at the substrate level. Si wafers of 4 in. diameter were coated through a 100x152 mm(2) aperture on the top of the shield can. The thickness distribution was then obtained using a spectroscopic ellipsometer with computer-controlled X-Y stages. A model has been developed to fit the measured thickness distribution. The relative thickness weightings are then obtained at every point 1 mm apart for the entire open area of the aperture. When the substrate is moving across the shield can during depositions, the film thickness is directly proportional to the length of the opening on the can along the, moving direction. By equating the summation of relative weighting to the required relative thickness at the same position, the length of the opening at that position can be determined. By repeating the same process for the whole length of the required profile, a contour can be obtained for a desired thickness profile. The contoured mask is then placed very close (similar to 1 mm) to the substrate level on the shield-can opening. The number of passes and the moving speed of the substrate are determined according to the required thickness. and the growth rate calibration. This method of profile coating has been applied to coat laterally graded W/C multilayers. It has also been applied to coat Au on a cylindrical mirror to obtain an elliptical mirror for x-ray focusing applications. Test results for these applications will be presented. (C) 2003 American Vacuum Society. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Expt Facil Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. IIT, Dept Biol Chem & Phys Sci, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. RP Liu, C (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Expt Facil Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Conley, Ray/C-2622-2013 NR 17 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A PD JUL-AUG PY 2003 VL 21 IS 4 BP 1579 EP 1584 DI 10.1116/1.1564036 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 705RU UT WOS:000184409200129 ER PT J AU Wang, T Reece, CE Sundelin, RM AF Wang, T Reece, CE Sundelin, RM TI Enhanced field emission from chemically etched and electropolished broad-area niobium SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-EMISSION; SITES AB Electron field emission from broad-area metal surfaces is known to occur at a much lower electric field than predicted by the Fowler-Nordheim law. This enhanced field emission (EFE) presents a major impediment to high electric field operation in a variety of applications, e.g., in superconducting niobium radio-frequency cavities for particle accelerators, klystrons, and a wide range of high-voltage vacuum devices. Therefore, EFE has widely been the subject of fundamental research for years. Although micron or submicron particles are often observed at such EFE sites, the strength and number of emitting sites and the causes of EFE depend strongly on surface preparation and handling. Furthermore, the physical mechanism of EFE remains unknown. To systematically investigate the sources of this emission and to evaluate the best available surface preparation techniques with respect to the resulting field emission, a dc scanning field emission microscope (SFEM) was built at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (Jefferson Laboratory). Broad-area samples can be moved laterally in a raster pattern (2.5 mum step resolution) under a high-voltage microtip for EFE detection and localization in the SFEM. The emitting sites can then be characterized by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry without breaking ultrahigh vacuum. After preparation by chemical etching and electropolishing combined with ultrasonic deionized water rinse, EFE sources from planar Nb have been studied. Emitters have been identified and analyzed, and based on scan results the preparation process has been refined and improved. With the improved preparation process, field-emission-free or near-field-emission-free surfaces at similar to 140 MV/m have been achieved consistently on a number of samples. (C) 2003 American Vacuum Society. C1 Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Wang, T (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. OI Reece, Charles/0000-0003-1939-8699 NR 21 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 3 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD JUL-AUG PY 2003 VL 21 IS 4 BP 1230 EP 1239 DI 10.1116/1.1574047 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 717GW UT WOS:000185080000008 ER PT J AU Park, JY Phaneuf, RJ AF Park, JY Phaneuf, RJ TI Conductance imaging of thermally desorbed silicon oxide SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; REAL-SPACE OBSERVATION; ULTRATHIN OXIDE; SURFACE; DECOMPOSITION; SI(001); SPECTROSCOPY; SI(111)2X1; JUNCTIONS; KINETICS AB We report on the use of scanning tunneling microscopy-conductance mapping to image voids in a thermally decomposed wet-chemical silicon oxide. Prominent contrast is observed between regions of remaining oxide and atomically clean silicon surface regions due to the difference in the local density of electronically active surface states. Differences in measured tunneling spectra within the voids, and in the surrounding oxidized regions, confirm that the origin of the contrast is mainly due to surface Fermi-level pinning at the clean Si(100) surface and metal-insulator-semiconductor junction behavior at the oxidized region. The maps show little sensitivity to pure topographical features, such as steps, and allow selective probing of electronic variations across a device structure with a resolution of 2 nm or better. (C) 2003 American Vacuum Society. C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. Lab Phys Sci, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. RP Park, JY (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Park, Jeong Young/A-2999-2008 NR 20 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD JUL-AUG PY 2003 VL 21 IS 4 BP 1254 EP 1257 DI 10.1116/1.1574050 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 717GW UT WOS:000185080000011 ER PT J AU Naulleau, P Goldberg, KA Anderson, EH Bokor, J Gullikson, E Harteneck, B Jackson, K Olynick, D Salmassi, F Baker, S Mirkarimi, P Spiller, E Walton, C Zhang, GJ AF Naulleau, P Goldberg, KA Anderson, EH Bokor, J Gullikson, E Harteneck, B Jackson, K Olynick, D Salmassi, F Baker, S Mirkarimi, P Spiller, E Walton, C Zhang, GJ TI Lithographic characterization of the printability of programmed extreme ultraviolet substrate defects SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article ID SYSTEM AB Extreme ultraviolet lithography, the leading next-generation lithography candidate, has now entered the commercialization phase. One of the most daunting challenges to the commercial viability of this technology is the issue of defect-free multilayer-coated reflection masks. Of great potential interest are multilayer deposition processes that can effectively reduce the printability of substrate defects, thereby relaxing substrate particle cleanliness requirements and facilitating the precoating substrate-inspection task. In particular, ion-beam deposition with additional ion-assisted polishing has been shown to drastically reduce defect sizes as seen after multilayer coating. Here we report on tests performed to lithographically characterize the effectiveness of defect smoothing and to verify defect printability models. The results show that normally printable 50 nm substrate defects are rendered nonprintable through the smoothing process. Moreover, a programmed defect fabrication method enabling controlled proximity printing tests is presented. (C) 2003 American Vacuum Society. C1 Ctr Xray Opt, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept EECS, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Intel Corp, Santa Clara, CA 95052 USA. RP Naulleau, P (reprint author), Ctr Xray Opt, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Bokor, Jeffrey/A-2683-2011 NR 15 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD JUL-AUG PY 2003 VL 21 IS 4 BP 1286 EP 1290 DI 10.1116/1.1580839 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 717GW UT WOS:000185080000017 ER PT J AU Martin, PM Olsen, LC Johnston, JW Depoy, DM AF Martin, PM Olsen, LC Johnston, JW Depoy, DM TI Hybrid deposition of sputtered and evaporated multilayer thin films SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article AB Si:H/CaF2 and Si:H/HfF4 high reflectors with as many as 27 layers were deposited by a hybrid process that combined reactive magnetron sputtering and electron beam evaporation. The ultimate goal of this work was to deposit interference filters with low near-infrared (NIR) and LWIR absorption for use in thermophotovoltaic systems. The high index Si:H layers were deposited by reactive magnetron sputtering in mixtures of Ar + H-2. Electron beam evaporation was the preferred deposition method for the CaF2 layers. The multilayer hybrid coatings were deposited in the same chamber by sequentially rotating the substrate over the Si sputtering target and the CaF2 evaporation source. The deposition rate of the evaporated CaF2 was 18.3 Angstrom/s, compared to 0.42 Angstrom/s for sputtered CaF2. The deposition rate of the Si:H layers was 1 Angstrom/s. The refractive index of the SiH at NIR wavelengths was 3.45, with extinction coefficient <0.001. The refractive index of the CaF2 in the same wavelength range was 1.34, with an extinction coefficient <0.0001. The refractive index of HfF4 was 1.56 in the same wavelength range, with a comparable extinction coefficient. The resulting multilayer coatings had lower physisorbed water than those with sputtered CaF2 layers. The optical performance of the 9- and 27-layer all-sputtered and hybrid coatings was similar. The major advantage of the hybrid process was in deposition times. The deposition rate of the magnetron sputtered fluoride films was at least an order of magnitude lower than that of the e-beam evaporated films. The times required to deposit a quarter-wave (QW) optical thickness (3.2 mum) for hybrid (Si:H/HfF4) and (Si:H/CaF2) pairs were 34 min. The times to deposit comparable QW pairs by magnetron sputtering were 194 and 534 min, respectively. Advantages of this hybrid deposition method were reduced deposition times, optimum deposition process for each layer material, and improved optical and mechanical properties. (C) 2003 American Vacuum Society. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Lockheed Martin, Schenectady, NY USA. RP Martin, PM (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 8 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD JUL-AUG PY 2003 VL 21 IS 4 BP 1384 EP 1390 DI 10.1116/1.1591745 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 717GW UT WOS:000185080000035 ER PT J AU Ding, MQ Auciello, O Carlisle, JA Gruen, DM AF Ding, MQ Auciello, O Carlisle, JA Gruen, DM TI Effect of oxygen on field emission properties of ultrananocrystalline diamond-coated ungated Si tip arrays SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th International Vacuum Microelectronics Conference (IVMC) CY JUL 07-11, 2002 CL UNIV LYON, LYON, FRANCE HO UNIV LYON ID VAPOR-DEPOSITED-DIAMOND; THIN-FILMS; SURFACE; SILICON; O-2 AB The effect of O-2 exposure on field emission properties of ultrananocrystalline diamond (UNCD) coated ungated Si tip arrays is reported. The behavior of current degradation during O-2 exposure and current recovery following evacuation of O-2 Strongly depended on the initial current/electric field applied to the emitters. At a low initial current of 50 muA/electric field of 5.8 V/mum, O-2 exposure ( 1 x 10(-7), 5 x 10(-7), and 1 x 10(-6) Torr) resulted in a rapid decrease in current in the beginning, followed by a slow decrease. The current made a strong recovery toward the original value when O-2 was pumped out. With an increased initial current of 180 muA/electric field of 10.3 V/mum, the currents recovered only to a lesser extent after O-2 was evacuated. At an even higher initial current of 930 muA/electric field of 20.5 V/mum, the current decreased steadily and finally stabilized after an exposure of 720 L with only 34% degradation. To explain these observations, we propose a hypothesis of oxygen interaction with the UNCD surface. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Ding, MQ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 24 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD JUL-AUG PY 2003 VL 21 IS 4 BP 1644 EP 1647 DI 10.1116/1.1584472 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 717GW UT WOS:000185080000084 ER PT J AU Farrell, HH LaViolette, RA Schultz, BD Ludge, K Palmstrom, CJ AF Farrell, HH LaViolette, RA Schultz, BD Ludge, K Palmstrom, CJ TI Self-assembled CoAs nanostructures SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th International Vacuum Microelectronics Conference (IVMC) CY JUL 07-11, 2002 CL UNIV LYON, LYON, FRANCE HO UNIV LYON ID BEAM EPITAXIAL-GROWTH; SURFACE RECONSTRUCTION; INTERFACIAL REACTIONS; QUANTUM DOTS; GAAS; MORPHOLOGY; MECHANISMS; MOLECULES; COBALT; VI AB At low coverages, the codeposition of Co and As on the GaAs( 100) c (4 X 4) surface results in the formation of two different types of self-assembled nanostructures; one has a "mesa" configuration, and the other a large aspect ratio "nanostripe" configuration. Minimum-energy calculations have been performed on several possible surface reconstructions for the latter configuration. The favored structure has a rather small unit that repeats essentially endlessly along the [I 10] direction. This unit contains one Co atom substituted between adjacent c(4X4) As dimers that straddle a misfit dislocation in the two-dimensional c (4 X 4) lattice. The distorted octahedral bonding around these Co atoms is completed by the addition of three As atoms to the repeat unit. A dip or a valley is formed on each side of the nanostripe by removing As atoms from the substrate. This valley partially relieves the compressive strain along the [110] direction across the nanostripes, and it helps to insure that each Co atom is surrounded by the requisite 18 valence electrons. The detailed atomic structure of the mesas was not determined. However, it is suggested that they are CoAs crystallites with a specific orientation relative to the substrate. (C) 2003 American Vacuum Society. C1 Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. Univ Minnesota, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Tech Univ Berlin, Inst Festkorperphys, D-1000 Berlin, Germany. RP Farrell, HH (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RI Schaff, William/B-5839-2009 NR 29 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD JUL-AUG PY 2003 VL 21 IS 4 BP 1760 EP 1764 DI 10.1116/1.1593649 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 717GW UT WOS:000185080000108 ER PT J AU Dunham, D Mehlberg, S Chamberlin, S Soukiassian, P Denlinger, JD Rotenberg, E Tonner, BP Hurych, ZD AF Dunham, D Mehlberg, S Chamberlin, S Soukiassian, P Denlinger, JD Rotenberg, E Tonner, BP Hurych, ZD TI High resolution synchrotron radiation-based x-ray photoemission spectroscopy study of the Si-rich beta-SiC(100) 3X2 surface oxidation SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th International Vacuum Microelectronics Conference (IVMC) CY JUL 07-11, 2002 CL UNIV LYON, LYON, FRANCE HO UNIV LYON ID INTERFACE FORMATION AB We investigate the initial oxidation and interface formation of cubic silicon carbide for the silicon rich beta-SiC(100) 3x2 surface reconstruction by high resolution synchrotron radiation-based soft x-ray photoemission spectroscopy. The surface is exposed to low doses of molecular oxygen ranging from 1 up to 10 000 L, at surface temperatures from 25 to 500 degreesC. Significant formation of SiO(2) is found for the surface at room temperature, with the rate of oxidation increasing with temperature. Valence band data and Si 2p core level spectra show that even at low exposures, significant oxidation is taking place, with a surface reactivity to oxygen much larger than for silicon surfaces. The oxidation products, which are grown at very low temperatures (less than or equal to500 degreesC) include SiO(2) as a dominant feature but also substoichiometric oxides Si(+1), Si(+2), Si(+3), and significant amounts of mixed oxide products involving C atoms (Si-O-C). (C) 2003 American Vacuum Society. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Eau Claire, WI 54701 USA. Univ Paris Sud, Commissariat Energie Atom, Lab Surfaces & Interfaces Mat Avancees, DSM DRECAM SPCSI, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Cent Florida, Dept Phys, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. RP Dunham, D (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Eau Claire, WI 54701 USA. EM dunhamdj@uwec.edu RI Rotenberg, Eli/B-3700-2009 OI Rotenberg, Eli/0000-0002-3979-8844 NR 22 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD JUL-AUG PY 2003 VL 21 IS 4 BP 1876 EP 1880 DI 10.1116/1.1589515 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 717GW UT WOS:000185080000126 ER PT J AU Magri, R Zunger, A AF Magri, R Zunger, A TI Theory of optical properties of 6.1 angstrom III-V superlattices: The role of the interfaces SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th International Vacuum Microelectronics Conference (IVMC) CY JUL 07-11, 2002 CL UNIV LYON, LYON, FRANCE HO UNIV LYON ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; INAS/GASB SUPERLATTICES; INVERSION ASYMMETRY; COMMON-ATOM; HETEROSTRUCTURES; LASERS; SEMICONDUCTORS; SEGREGATION; PARAMETERS; SYSTEMS AB Interfacial interdiffusion in quantum wells and superlattices could alter the interfacial strain, band alignment, and even the atomic symmetry at the interface, thus potentially changing the electronic and optical properties. We consider-the InAs/GaSb system describing the interdiffused interfaces via a simple kinetic model of molecular beam epitaxy growth. The predicted atomic positions after interdiffusion are then used in a pseudopotential theory to describe the electronic and optical consequences of interdiffusion. We determine (i) the effects of different interfacial bonding compositions on the electronic and optical properties; (ii) the segregation profiles at the normal and inverted interfaces; and (iii) the effect of structural disorder on band gaps. The application of our method to the InAs/GaSb superlattices allows us to explain numerous observed results and trends. (C) 2003 American Vacuum Society. C1 Univ Modena, INFM, I-41100 Modena, Italy. Univ Modena, Dipartimento Fis, I-41100 Modena, Italy. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Magri, R (reprint author), Univ Modena, INFM, S3,Via Campi 213-A, I-41100 Modena, Italy. RI Zunger, Alex/A-6733-2013; Magri, Rita/O-5267-2016 OI Magri, Rita/0000-0003-2945-0374 NR 35 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD JUL-AUG PY 2003 VL 21 IS 4 BP 1896 EP 1902 DI 10.1116/1.1589519 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 717GW UT WOS:000185080000130 ER PT J AU Liu, Z Sun, Y Machuca, F Pianetta, P Spicer, WE Pease, RFW AF Liu, Z Sun, Y Machuca, F Pianetta, P Spicer, WE Pease, RFW TI Optimization and characterization of III-V surface cleaning SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th International Vacuum Microelectronics Conference (IVMC) CY JUL 07-11, 2002 CL UNIV LYON, LYON, FRANCE HO UNIV LYON ID SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION PHOTOEMISSION; MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; GAN SURFACES; INP(100) SURFACES; INP-SURFACES; OXIDE; ALN AB Achieving clean surfaces is a major and challenging requirement for the study of surfaces and surface reactions. Nondestructive cleaning is a crucial step in semiconductor manufacturing, growth of materials, and processing. We use photoemission spectroscopy (PES) to systematically study the core and valence band electronic structure of various chemical treatments of InP(100), GaAs(100), and GaN(0001). These surfaces undergo wet chemical cleaning of H2SO2/H2O2/H2O followed by thermal heating. In order to achieve the necessary surface sensitivity and spectral resolution, synchrotron radiation in the energy range of 60-1000 eV is used for PES. In tuning the sulfuric acid based chemistry, we achieve oxygen free GaAs and InP surfaces, as shown in our valence band and core level PES analysis. Furthermore, core level PES shows oxygen coverage of the GaN surface is reduced to less than 0.1 monolayer (ML). The carbon coverage is also reduced dramatically for the III-V surfaces, <10% ML for InP and GaAs and approximately 1% ML for GaN. The chemical reactions and species at different cleaning stages are determined and cleaning mechanisms are proposed. Our study shows that material similarities do not imply exact correlation to the chemical cleaning properties among III-V materials. (C) 2003 American Vacuum Society. C1 Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Chem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Liu, Z (reprint author), Ctr Integrated Syst, 420 Via Ortega, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RI Liu, Zhi/B-3642-2009 OI Liu, Zhi/0000-0002-8973-6561 NR 21 TC 33 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 17 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD JUL-AUG PY 2003 VL 21 IS 4 BP 1953 EP 1958 DI 10.1116/1.1593644 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 717GW UT WOS:000185080000140 ER PT J AU Kerschen, G Golinval, JC Hemez, FM AF Kerschen, G Golinval, JC Hemez, FM TI Bayesian model screening for the identification of nonlinear mechanical structures SO JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND ACOUSTICS-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article ID OUTPUT PARAMETRIC MODELS; NON-LINEAR STRUCTURES; OF-FREEDOM SYSTEMS; HILBERT TRANSFORM; VARIABLE-SELECTION; FREQUENCY-DOMAIN; DYNAMICS; FEEDBACK AB The development of techniques for identification and updating of nonlinear mechanical structures has received increasing attention in recent years. In practical situations, there is not necessarily a priori knowledge about the nonlinearity. This suggests the need for strategies that allow inference of useful information from the data. The present study proposes an algorithm based on a Bayesian inference approach for giving insight into the form of the nonlinearity. A family of parametric models is defined to represent the nonlinear response of a system and the selection algorithm estimates the likelihood that each member of the family is appropriate. The (unknown) probability density function of the family of models is explored using a simple variant of the Markov Chain Monte Carlo sampling technique. This technique offers the advantage that the nature of the underlying statistical distribution need not be assumed a priori. Enough samples are drawn to guarantee that the empirical distribution approximates the true but unknown distribution to the desired level of accuracy. It provides an indication of which models are the most appropriate to represent the nonlinearity and their respective goodness-of-fit to the data. The methodology is illustrated using two examples, one of which comes from experimental data. C1 Univ Liege, Dept Mech & Mat, B-4000 Liege, Belgium. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Engn Sci & Applicat Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Kerschen, G (reprint author), Univ Liege, Dept Mech & Mat, Chemin Chevreuils 1 B52, B-4000 Liege, Belgium. NR 35 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 1048-9002 J9 J VIB ACOUST JI J. Vib. Acoust.-Trans. ASME PD JUL PY 2003 VL 125 IS 3 BP 389 EP 397 DI 10.1115/1.1569947 PG 9 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Acoustics; Engineering; Mechanics GA 700VG UT WOS:000184131400020 ER PT J AU Altfeld, M Addo, MM Shankarappa, R Lee, PK Allen, TM Yu, XG Rathod, A Harlow, J O'Sullivan, K Johnston, MN Goulder, PJR Mullins, JI Rosenberg, ES Brander, C Korber, B Walker, BD AF Altfeld, M Addo, MM Shankarappa, R Lee, PK Allen, TM Yu, XG Rathod, A Harlow, J O'Sullivan, K Johnston, MN Goulder, PJR Mullins, JI Rosenberg, ES Brander, C Korber, B Walker, BD TI Enhanced detection of human immunodeficiency virus type 1-specific T-cell responses to highly variable regions by using peptides based on autologous virus sequences SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID LYMPHOCYTE RESPONSES; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; HIV-1 INFECTION; VIRAL LOAD; SUBTYPE-C; CTL EPITOPE; AIDS; ESCAPE; VIREMIA; PROGRESSION AB The antigenic diversity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) represents a significant challenge for vaccine design as well as the comprehensive assessment of HIV-1-specific immune responses in infected persons. In this study we assessed the impact of antigen variability on the characterization of HIV-1-specific T-cell responses by using an HIV-1 database to determine the sequence variability at each position in all expressed HIV-1 proteins and a comprehensive data set of CD8 T-cell responses to a reference strain of HIV-1 in infected persons. Gamma interferon Elispot analysis of HIV-1 clade B-specific T-cell responses to 504 overlapping peptides spanning the entire expressed HIV-1 genome derived from 57 infected subjects demonstrated that the average amino acid variability within a peptide (entropy) was inversely correlated to the measured frequency at which the peptide was recognized (P = 6 x 10(-7)). Subsequent studies in six persons to assess T-cell responses against p24 Gag, Tat, and Vpr peptides based on autologous virus sequences demonstrated that 29% (12 of 42) of targeted peptides were only detected with. peptides representing the autologous virus strain compared to the HIV-1 clade B consensus sequence. The use of autologous peptides also allowed the detection of significantly stronger HIV-1-specific T-cell responses in the more variable regulatory and accessory HIV-1 proteins Tat and Vpr (P = 0.007). Taken together, these data indicate that accurate assessment of T-cell responses directed against the more variable regulatory and accessory HIV-1 proteins requires reagents based on autologous virus sequences. They also demonstrate that CD8 T-cell responses to the variable HIV-1 proteins are more common than previously reported. C1 Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Partners AIDS Res Ctr, Boston, MA 02114 USA. Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Infect Dis Unit, Boston, MA 02114 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Div AIDS, Boston, MA USA. Allegheny Singer Res Inst, Ctr Genom Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15212 USA. Nuffield Dept Med, Dept Paediat, Oxford, England. Univ Washington, Dept Microbiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Altfeld, M (reprint author), MGH E,CNY 5212,149 13th St, Charlestown, MA 02129 USA. RI Allen, Todd/F-5473-2011; OI Brander, Christian/0000-0002-0548-5778; Korber, Bette/0000-0002-2026-5757 FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI44656, R01 AI030914, R01 AI040873, R01 AI044656, R01 AI050429, R01 AI30914, R01 AI40873, R01 AI50429, R37 AI128568, U01 AI041531, U01 AI41531, U01 AI41535] NR 51 TC 117 Z9 120 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 77 IS 13 BP 7330 EP 7340 DI 10.1128/JVI.77.13.7330-7340.2003 PG 11 WC Virology SC Virology GA 691GX UT WOS:000183598600018 PM 12805431 ER PT J AU Simon, V Padte, N Murray, D Vanderhoeven, J Wrin, T Parkin, N Di Mascio, M Markowitz, M AF Simon, V Padte, N Murray, D Vanderhoeven, J Wrin, T Parkin, N Di Mascio, M Markowitz, M TI Infectivity and replication capacity of drug-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 variants isolated during primary infection SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID AMINO-ACID SUBSTITUTIONS; CLEAVAGE SITE MUTATIONS; REVERSE-TRANSCRIPTASE; PROTEASE INHIBITORS; TREATMENT INTERRUPTION; HIV-1 RESISTANCE; CROSS-RESISTANCE; VIRAL FITNESS; TRANSMISSION; THERAPY AB It is believed that replication capacity is an important determinant of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) pathogenicity and transmissibility. To explore this, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the replication properties of nine drug-resistant and nine drug-susceptible viral isolates derived from patients with primary HIV-1 infection. Viral isolates were tested for single-cycle infectivity in the GHOST cell line. The infectivity of isolates carrying resistance-associated mutations was significantly higher than that of drug-susceptible isolates. Additionally, the growth kinetics of these isolates were determined in CD4(+) T lymphocytes. Drug-resistant isolates replicated as well as drug-susceptible viruses. Insertion of the resistance-conferring regions into an NL4-3-based molecular background resulted in chimeras that displayed a modest but significant reduction in replication capacity compared to the drug-susceptible chimeric viruses. Of note, two multidrug-resistant isolates and one protease inhibitor-resistant isolate displayed higher rates of infectivity and growth kinetics than the other drug-resistant or drug-susceptible isolates. These distinct replicative features, however, were not seen in the corresponding chimeras, indicating that changes within the C-terminal region of Gag as well as within the protease and reverse transcriptase genes contribute to but are not sufficient for the level of compensatory adaptation observed. These findings suggest that some drug-resistant viruses isolated during primary infection possess unique adaptive changes that allow for both high viral replication capacity and resistance to one or more classes of antiretroviral drugs. Further studies are needed to elucidate the precise regions that are essential for these characteristics. C1 Rockefeller Univ, Aaron Diamond AIDS Res Ctr, New York, NY 10016 USA. ViroLog Inc, San Francisco, CA USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Simon, V (reprint author), Rockefeller Univ, Aaron Diamond AIDS Res Ctr, 455 1st Ave,7th Floor, New York, NY 10016 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [M01 RR 00102, M01 RR000102]; NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI047033, AI 47033] NR 48 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 77 IS 14 BP 7736 EP 7745 DI 10.1128/JVI.14.7736-7745.2003 PG 10 WC Virology SC Virology GA 696QX UT WOS:000183899200005 PM 12829813 ER PT J AU Pennacchio, LA AF Pennacchio, LA TI Insights from human/mouse genome comparisons SO MAMMALIAN GENOME LA English DT Review ID CONSERVED NONCODING SEQUENCES; VERTEBRATE SCL LOCI; REGULATORY ELEMENTS; FUGU-RUBRIPES; PLASMA TRIGLYCERIDES; GENE-CLUSTER; MOUSE GENOME; PUFFER FISH; AV GENE; ALIGNMENTS AB Large-scale public genomic sequencing efforts have provided a wealth of vertebrate sequence data poised to provide insights into mammalian biology. These include deep genomic sequence coverage of human, mouse, rat, zebrafish, and two pufferfish (Fugu rubripes and Tetraodon nigroviridis) (Aparicio et al. 2002; Lander et al. 2001; Venter et al. 2001; Waterston et al. 2002). In addition, a high-priority has been placed on determining the genomic sequence of chimpanzee, dog, cow, frog, and chicken (Boguski 2002). While only recently available, whole genome sequence data have provided the unique opportunity to globally compare complete genome contents. Furthermore, the shared evolutionary ancestry of vertebrate species has allowed the development of comparative genomic approaches to identify ancient conserved sequences with functionality. Accordingly, this review focuses on the initial comparison of available mammalian genomes and describes various insights derived from such analysis. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Gen Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA USA. RP Pennacchio, LA (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Gen Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM LAPennacchio@lbl.gov FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL66681] NR 57 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0938-8990 J9 MAMM GENOME JI Mamm. Genome PD JUL PY 2003 VL 14 IS 7 BP 429 EP 436 DI 10.1007/s00335-002-4001-1 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 696NG UT WOS:000183892500001 PM 12925891 ER PT J AU Leecaster, M AF Leecaster, M TI Spatial analysis of grain size in Santa Monica Bay SO MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE mapping; kriging; sediment grain size; spatial modeling ID OPTIMAL SAMPLING SCHEMES; SOIL PROPERTIES; REGIONALIZED VARIABLES; LOCAL ESTIMATION; SEDIMENT; SHELF; PREDICTION; CALIFORNIA; PATTERNS; OUTFALL AB Maps are useful scientific tools for presenting environmental information, but the statistical techniques necessary to prepare scientifically rigorous maps have primarily focused on terrestrial habitats. This study compares three popular techniques (triangulation, kriging, and co-kriging) to map sediment grain size in Santa Monica Bay, California. Two grain size data sets, one collected in 1994 (79 sites) and one collected in 1997 and 1998 (149 sites) were used for model development. A bathymetric data set collected in 1997 was used as a model covariate. A third grain size data set (40 sites) collected in 1996 from independent sites was used for model evaluation. Predictions were compared to validation data by average difference, prediction mean square error (PMSE), and a goodness-of-prediction measure, G. The average difference between prediction and truth was similar for all methods, but the PMSE for triangulation was more than twice that for kriging or co-kriging, which were similar. The G measure also shows triangulation to be a far worse predictor than kriging and co-kriging. Small-scale differences were observed between kriging and co-kriging at steep depth contours, where co-kriging predicted values commensurate with the expected depth-defined grain size. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Idaho Natl Environm & Engn Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Leecaster, M (reprint author), Idaho Natl Environm & Engn Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. NR 27 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0141-1136 J9 MAR ENVIRON RES JI Mar. Environ. Res. PD JUL-AUG PY 2003 VL 56 IS 1-2 BP 67 EP 78 DI 10.1016/S0141-1136(02)00325-2 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Toxicology GA 675LG UT WOS:000182695800004 PM 12648950 ER PT J AU Horstemeyer, MF Ramaswamy, S Negrete, M AF Horstemeyer, MF Ramaswamy, S Negrete, M TI Using a micromechanical finite element parametric study to motivate a phenomenological macroscale model for void/crack nucleation in aluminum with a hard second phase SO MECHANICS OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID DAMAGE EVOLUTION; DUCTILE FRACTURE; ALLOY; TEMPERATURE; PARTICLES; GROWTH; STRESS; STATE AB A multi-scale methodology that includes microscale finite element simulations, physical experiments, and a macroscale phenomenological model was used to determine the appropriate first-order influence parameters relating to void/ crack nucleation. The finite element analyses were used to examine the role of seven independent features (number of silicon particle sites, uniformity of particle sizes which were micron size, shape of particles, additional microporosity, temperature, prestrain history, and loading conditions) in debonding and fracture of hard silicon particles in a cast A356 aluminum alloy. Owing to the wide range of features that can affect void/crack nucleation, an optimal matrix of finite element calculations is generated using a statistical method of design of experiments (DOE). The DOE method was used to independently screen the parametric influences concerning void/crack nucleation by second phase fracture or interface debonding. The results clearly show that the initial temperature was the most dominant influence parameter with respect to the others for both fracture and debonding. Experiments were then performed at three temperatures to quantify the void/crack nucleation from notch tensile specimen fracture surfaces. The data verified the importance of the temperature dependence on void/crack nucleation and showed that as the temperature decreased, the void nucleation rate increased. The Horstemeyer-Gokhale void/crack nucleation model was modified to include the temperature dependence and material constants were determined based on the experimental data. This study exemplifies a methodology of bridging various size scale analyses by sorting out the pertinent cause-effect relations from the structure-property relations. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Mat & Engn Sci, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Horstemeyer, MF (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Mat & Engn Sci, POB 969,MS 9405, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. OI Horstemeyer, Mark/0000-0003-4230-0063 NR 34 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6636 J9 MECH MATER JI Mech. Mater. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 35 IS 7 BP 675 EP 687 DI 10.1016/S0167-6636(02)00165-5 PG 13 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Materials Science; Mechanics GA 663LG UT WOS:000182006600006 ER PT J AU Lerma, J Khraishi, T Shen, YL Wirth, BD AF Lerma, J Khraishi, T Shen, YL Wirth, BD TI The elastic fields of misfit cylindrical particles: a dislocation-based numerical approach SO MECHANICS RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE dislocation mechanics; eigenstrains; particle strengthening AB Analytical solutions for the displacement and stress fields due to a misfit particle in a host matrix can be difficult to obtain, especially for complex particle geometries. In this work, we present a numerical method for finding such fields in the case of infinitely-long particles. The method is based on discretizing the continuous misfit region between the particle and matrix into local misfit regions consisting of interstitial dislocation loops. The results presented here indicate very good agreement with analytical solutions and better convergence with increasing loop density. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ New Mexico, Dept Mech Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Khraishi, T (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Mech Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RI Shen, Yu-Lin/C-1942-2008; Wirth, Brian/O-4878-2015 OI Wirth, Brian/0000-0002-0395-0285 NR 7 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0093-6413 J9 MECH RES COMMUN JI Mech. Res. Commun. PD JUL-AUG PY 2003 VL 30 IS 4 BP 325 EP 334 DI 10.1016/S0093-6413(03)00035-1 PG 10 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA 691QQ UT WOS:000183617300006 ER PT J AU Fourkal, E Li, JS Ding, M Tajima, T Ma, CM AF Fourkal, E Li, JS Ding, M Tajima, T Ma, CM TI Particle selection for laser-accelerated proton therapy feasibility study SO MEDICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE proton radiotherapy; dosimetry; laser-proton acceleration ID RADIATION-THERAPY; PLASMA INTERACTIONS; BEAMS; INTENSITY; RADIOTHERAPY; GENERATION; SOLIDS; LIGHT; IRRADIATION; ALGORITHM AB In this paper we present calculations for the design of a particle selection system for laser-accelerated proton therapy. Laser-accelerated protons coming from a thin high-density foil have broad energy and angular spectra leading to dose distributions that cannot be directly used for therapeutic applications. Our solution to this problem is a compact particle selection and collimation device that delivers small pencil beams of protons with desired energy spectra. We propose a spectrometer-like particle selection and beam modulation system in which the magnetic field will be used to spread the protons spatially according to their energies and emitting angles. Subsequently, an aperture will be used to select the protons within a therapeutic window of energy (energy modulation). It will be shown that for the effective proton spatial differentiation, the primary collimation device should be used, which will collimate protons to the desired angular distribution and limit the spatial mixing of different energy protons once they have traveled through the magnetic system. Due to the angular proton distribution, the spatial mixing of protons of different energies will always be present and it will result in a proton energy spread with the width depending on the energy. For 250 MeV protons, the width (from the maximum to the minimum energy) is found to be 50 MeV for the magnetic field configuration used in our calculations. As the proton energy decreases, its energy width decreases as well, and for 80 MeV protons it equals 9 MeV. The presence of the energy width in the proton energy distribution will modify the depth dose curves needed for the energy modulation calculation. The matching magnetic field setup will ensure the refocusing of the selected protons and the final beam will be collimated by the secondary collimator. The calculations presented in this article show that the dose rate that the selection system can yield is on the order of D=260 Gy/min for a field size of 1 X 1 cm(2). (C) 2003 American Association of Physicists in Medicine. C1 Fox Chase Canc Ctr, Dept Radiat Oncol, Philadelphia, PA 19111 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. RP Fourkal, E (reprint author), Fox Chase Canc Ctr, Dept Radiat Oncol, 7701 Burholme Ave, Philadelphia, PA 19111 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA78331] NR 40 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER ASSOC PHYSICISTS MEDICINE AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0094-2405 J9 MED PHYS JI Med. Phys. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 30 IS 7 BP 1660 EP 1670 DI 10.1118/1.1586268 PG 11 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 702DC UT WOS:000184209200013 PM 12906183 ER PT J AU Brown, PG Kalenda, P ReVelle, DO Borovicka, J AF Brown, PG Kalenda, P ReVelle, DO Borovicka, J TI The Moravka meteorite fall: 2. Interpretation of infrasonic and seismic data SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID RECORDS; WAVES; ATMOSPHERE; BOLIDE; MODEL AB The sound production from the Moravka fireball has been examined in detail making use of infrasound and seismic data. A detailed analysis of the production and propagation of sonic waves during the atmospheric entry of the Moravka meteoroid demonstrates that the acoustic energy was produced both by the hypersonic flight of the meteoroid (producing a cylindrical blast wave) and by individual fragmentation events of the meteoroid, which acted as small explosions (producing quasi-spherical shock waves). The deviation of the ray normals for the fragmentation events was found to be as much as 30degrees beyond that expected from a purely cylindrical line source blast. The main fragmentation of the bolide was confined to heights above 30 kin with a possible maximum in acoustic energy production near 38 km. Seismic stations recorded both the direct arrival of the airwaves (the strongest signal) as well as air-coupled P-waves and Rayleigh waves (earlier signals). In addition, deep underground stations detected the seismic signature of the fireball. The seismic data alone permit reconstruction of the fireball trajectory to a precision on the order of a few degrees. The velocity of the meteoroid is much less well-determined by these seismic data. The more distant infrasonic station detected 3 distinct signals from the fireball, identified as a thermospheric return, a stratospheric return, and an unusual mode propagating through the stratosphere horizontally and then leaking to the receiver. C1 Univ Western Ontario, Dept Phys & Astron, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada. CoalExp, Ostrava 70030 3, Czech Republic. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Astron, CS-25165 Ondrejov, Czech Republic. RP Brown, PG (reprint author), Univ Western Ontario, Dept Phys & Astron, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada. EM pbrown@uwo.ca RI Borovicka, Jiri/F-4257-2014 NR 18 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1086-9379 J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 38 IS 7 BP 989 EP 1003 PG 15 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 738UJ UT WOS:000186306000004 ER PT J AU Borovicka, J Weber, HW Jopek, T Jakes, P Randa, Z Brown, PG ReVelle, DO Kalenda, P Schultz, L Kucera, J Haloda, J Tycova, P Fryda, J Brandstatter, F AF Borovicka, J Weber, HW Jopek, T Jakes, P Randa, Z Brown, PG ReVelle, DO Kalenda, P Schultz, L Kucera, J Haloda, J Tycova, P Fryda, J Brandstatter, F TI The Moravka meteorite fall: 3. Meteoroid initial size, history, structure, and composition SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ORDINARY CHONDRITES; EXPOSURE HISTORY; PRODUCTION-RATES; PARENT BODIES; LOST CITY; BOLIDES; MODEL; INFRASOUND; ATMOSPHERE; SATELLITE AB The properties and history of the parent meteoroid of the Moravka H5-6 ordinary chondrites have been studied by a combination of various methods. The pre-atmospheric mass of the meteoroid was computed from fireball radiation, infrasound, seismic signal, and the content of noble gases in the meteorites. All methods gave consistent results. The best estimate of the pre-atmospheric mass is 1500 +/- 500 kg. The fireball integral bolometric, luminous efficiency was 9%, and the acoustic efficiency was 0.14%. The meteoroid cosmic ray exposure age was determined to be (6.7 +/- 1.0) x 10(6) yr. The meteorite shows a clear deficit of helium, both He-3 and He-4. This deficit can be explained by solar heating. Numerical backward integration of the meteoroid orbit (determined in a previous paper from video records of the fireball) shows that the perihelion distance was probably lower than 0.5 AU and possibly as low as 0.1 AU 5 Ma ago. The collision which excavated Moravka probably occurred while the parent body was on a near-Earth orbit, as opposed to being confined entirely to the main asteroid belt. An overview of meteorite macroscopic properties, petrology, mineralogy, and chemical composition is given. The meteorites show all mineralogical features of H chondrites. The shock level is S2. Minor deviations from other H chondrites in abundances of trace elements La, Ce, Cs, and Rb were found. The ablation crust is enriched with siderophile elements. C1 Acad Sci Czech Republ, Inst Astron, CS-25165 Ondrejov, Czech Republic. Max Planck Inst Chem, D-55128 Mainz, Germany. Adam Mickiewicz Univ Poznan, Astron Observ, PL-60286 Poznan, Poland. Charles Univ, Fac Sci, Inst Geochem Mineral & Mineral Resources, Prague 12843 2, Czech Republic. Acad Sci Czech Republ, Inst Nucl Phys, CZ-25068 Rez, Czech Republic. Univ Western Ontario, Dept Phys & Astron, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. CoalExp, Ostrava 70030 3, Czech Republic. Czech Geol Survey, Prague 15200 5, Czech Republic. Museum Nat Hist, Inst Mineral & Petrog, A-1010 Vienna, Austria. RP Borovicka, J (reprint author), Acad Sci Czech Republ, Inst Astron, CS-25165 Ondrejov, Czech Republic. RI Fryda, Jiri/C-3319-2008; Halodova, Patricie/D-2726-2013; Jopek, Tadeusz/I-5726-2013; Kucera, Jan/G-8507-2014; Borovicka, Jiri/F-4257-2014 OI Fryda, Jiri/0000-0003-2410-3293; NR 52 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU METEORITICAL SOC PI FAYETTEVILLE PA DEPT CHEMISTRY/BIOCHEMISTRY, UNIV ARKANSAS, FAYETTEVILLE, AR 72701 USA SN 1086-9379 J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 38 IS 7 BP 1005 EP 1021 PG 17 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 738UJ UT WOS:000186306000005 ER PT J AU Gudjonsson, T Ronnov-Jessen, L Villadsen, R Bissell, MJ Petersena, OW AF Gudjonsson, T Ronnov-Jessen, L Villadsen, R Bissell, MJ Petersena, OW TI To create the correct microenvironment: three-dimensional heterotypic collagen assays for human breast epithelial morphogenesis and neoplasia SO METHODS LA English DT Article DE breast models; three-dimensional cell culture; microenvironment; myoepithelial cell; luminal epithelial cell; tumor environment assay; myofibroblast; EPSTI1 ID HUMAN MAMMARY-GLAND; SMOOTH-MUSCLE DIFFERENTIATION; RECONSTITUTED BASEMENT-MEMBRANE; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; MYOEPITHELIAL CELLS; STROMAL CELLS; MALIGNANT BREAST; GENE-EXPRESSION; MORPHOLOGICAL-DIFFERENTIATION; IMMUNOMAGNETIC SEPARATION AB The normal human breast comprises an inner layer of luminal epithelial cells and an outer layer of myoepithelial cells separated from the connective tissue stroma by an intact basement membrane. In breast cancer, tumor cells are in direct contact with the surrounding highly activated collagenous stroma, with little or no discernible myoepithelial fence from the original double-layered structure. To understand the evolution of these two scenarios, we took advantage of a three-dimensional hydrated collagen gel approach. The contribution of myoepithelial cells to normal morphogenesis was studied by ablation and rescue experiments, and genes regulated on tumor cell-fibroblast interaction were identified in a tumor environment assay. In normal breast morphogenesis, the ability to correctly polarize sialomucin to the luminal membrane of emerging acini was used as a criterion for apical polarity and functional differentiation. In the assay of breast neoplasia, the consequence of reciprocal tumor cell-fibroblast interaction was addressed morphologically as well as by a differential display approach. Normal breast epithelial cells were purified immunomagnetically and an established cell line, MCF-7, was used as a surrogate tumor cell. With regard to the importance of myoepithelial cells in normal breast epithelial morphogenesis, the collagen gel assay elucidated the following subtleties: In contrast to culturing in basement membrane gels, luminal epithelial cells when cultured alone made structures that were all inversely polarized. This aberrant polarity could be rescued by co-culture with myoepithelial cells. The molecular activity of myoepithelial cells responsible for correct morphogenesis was narrowed down to the laminin-1 component of the basement membrane. As for the consequence of interaction of tumor cells with connective tissue fibroblasts, the assay allowed us to identify a hitherto undescribed gene referred to as EPSTI1. The relevance of the assay-based identification of regulated genes was confirmed in a series of breast carcinomas in which EPSTI1 was highly upregulated compared with normal breast. Few if any of these observations would have been possible on two-dimensional tissue culture plastic. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Copenhagen, Panum Inst, Inst Med Anat, Struct Cell Biol Unit, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark. Iceland Canc Soc, Mol & Cell Biol Res Lab, IS-105 Reykjavik, Iceland. Univ Copenhagen, August Krogh Inst, Zoophysiol Lab, DK-2100 Copenhagen O, Denmark. RP Bissell, MJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, 83 Room 101, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Ronnov-Jessen OR Ronnovjessen, Lone/A-5981-2013; OI Villadsen, Rene/0000-0002-5226-381X FU NCI NIH HHS [R01 CA064786, CA-64786, R01 CA064786-04A1, R37 CA064786] NR 77 TC 52 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1046-2023 J9 METHODS JI Methods PD JUL PY 2003 VL 30 IS 3 BP 247 EP 255 DI 10.1016/S1046-2023(03)00031-8 PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 690AZ UT WOS:000183526300008 PM 12798139 ER PT J AU Elias, DA Krumholz, LR Wong, D Long, PE Suflita, JM AF Elias, DA Krumholz, LR Wong, D Long, PE Suflita, JM TI Characterization of microbial activities and U reduction in a shallow aquifer contaminated by uranium mill tailings SO MICROBIAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SULFATE-REDUCING BACTERIA; OXIDIZING BACTERIA; HYDROGEN-SULFIDE; GROUND-WATER; IRON; METABOLISM; BIOREMEDIATION; IMMOBILIZATION; SEDIMENTS; U(VI) AB A characterization of the Shiprock, NM, uranium mill tailing site focused on the geochemical and microbiological factors governing in-situ uranium-redox reactions. Groundwater and aqueous extracts of sediment samples contained a wide concentration range of sulfate, nitrate, and U(VI) with median values of 21.2 mM, 16.1 muM, and 2.7 muM, respectively. Iron(III) was not detected in groundwater, but a median value of 0.3 mM in sediment extracts was measured. Bacterial diversity down gradient from the disposal pile reflected the predominant geochemistry with relatively high numbers of sulfate- and nitrate-reducing microorganisms, and smaller numbers of acetogenic, methanogenic, nitrate-dependent Fe(II)-oxidizing, Fe(III)-reducing, and sulfide-oxidizing bacteria. In aquifer slurry incubations, nitrate reduction was always preferred and had a negative impact on sulfate-, Fe(III)-, and U-reduction rates. We also found that sulfate-reduction rates decreased sharply in the presence of clay, while Fe (III)-reduction increased with no clear impact on U reduction. In the absence of clay, iron and sulfate reduction correlated with concentrations of Fe(III) and sulfate, respectively, Rates of U(VI) loss did not correlate with the concentration of any electron acceptor. With the exception of Fe(III), electron donor amendment was largely unsuccessful in stimulating electron acceptor loss over a 2-week incubation period, suggesting that endogenous forms of organic matter were sufficient to support microbial activity. Our findings suggest that efforts to accelerate biological U reduction should initially focus on stimulating nitrate removal. C1 Univ Oklahoma, Inst Energy & Environm, Norman, OK 73019 USA. Univ Oklahoma, Dept Bot & Microbiol, Norman, OK 73019 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Suflita, JM (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Inst Energy & Environm, Norman, OK 73019 USA. RI Elias, Dwayne/B-5190-2011; Long, Philip/F-5728-2013 OI Elias, Dwayne/0000-0002-4469-6391; Long, Philip/0000-0003-4152-5682 NR 40 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 8 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0095-3628 J9 MICROBIAL ECOL JI Microb. Ecol. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 46 IS 1 BP 83 EP 91 DI 10.1007/s00248-002-1060-x PG 9 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Microbiology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Microbiology GA 709RW UT WOS:000184639000009 PM 12754659 ER PT J AU Banerjee, B Cady, CM Adams, DO AF Banerjee, B Cady, CM Adams, DO TI Micromechanics simulations of glass-estane mock polymer bonded explosives SO MODELLING AND SIMULATION IN MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID COMPOSITES AB Polymer bonded explosives (PBXs) are particulate composites containing explosive particles and a continuous binder. The elastic modulus of the particles, at room temperature and higher, is often three to four orders of magnitude higher than that of the binder. Additionally, the explosive particles occupy high volume fractions, often greater than 90%. Both experimental and numerical determination of macroscopic properties of these composites is difficult. High modulus contrast mock PBXs provide a means of relatively inexpensive experimentation and validation of numerical approaches to determine properties of these materials. The goal of this investigation is to determine whether the effective elastic properties of monodisperse glass-estane mock PBXs can be predicted from two-dimensional micromechanics simulations using the finite element (FEM) method. In this study, the effect of representative volume element (RVE) size on the prediction of two-dimensional properties is explored. Two-dimensional estimates of elastic properties are compared with predictions from three-dimensional computations and with experimental data on glass-estane composites containing three different volume fractions of spherical glass beads. The effect of particle debonding on the effective elastic properties is also investigated using contact analyses. Results show that two-dimensional unit cells containing 10-20 circular particles are adequate for modelling glass-estane composites containing less than 60% glass particles by volume. No significant difference is observed between properties predicted by the two- and three-dimensional models. FEM simulations of RVEs, containing particles that are perfectly bonded to the binder, produce estimates of Young's modulus that are higher than the experimental data. Incorporation of debonding between particles and the binder causes the effective Young's modulus to decrease. However, the results suggest that cracks in the composite may play a significant role in determining the effective properties of mock polymer bonder explosives composed of glass and estane. The FEM simulations indicate that two-dimensional models that incorporate debonds and cracks can be used to obtain accurate estimates of the effective properties of glass-estane composites and possibly of PBXs. C1 Univ Utah, Dept Mech Engn, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Struct Property Relat Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Banerjee, B (reprint author), Univ Utah, Dept Mech Engn, 50 S Central Campus Drive Rm 2202, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. EM banerjee@eng.utah.edu; cady@lanl.gov; adams@eng.utah.edu NR 13 TC 7 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0965-0393 J9 MODEL SIMUL MATER SC JI Model. Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 11 IS 4 BP 457 EP 475 AR PII S0965-0393(03)62956-6 DI 10.1088/0965-0393/11/4/304 PG 19 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 705KL UT WOS:000184394200005 ER PT J AU Zhong, SY Fast, J AF Zhong, SY Fast, J TI An evaluation of the MM5, RAMS, and Meso-Eta models at subkilometer resolution using VTMX field campaign data in the Salt Lake Valley SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID MESOSCALE MODEL; PART I; SCHEMES; PARAMETERIZATION; PERFORMANCE; CONVECTION; COORDINATE; SYSTEMS; OZONE AB This study presents what is, to the authors' knowledge, the first intercomparison and evaluation of three state-of-the-art mesoscale numerical models, the fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University - NCAR Mesoscale Model (MMS), the Regional Atmospheric Modeling System (RAMS), and the NCEP Meso-Eta, at horizontal resolution finer than 1 km. Simulations were carried out for both weak and strong synoptic forcing cases during the Vertical Transport and Mixing ( VTMX) field campaign conducted in the Salt Lake valley in October of 2000. Both upper-air and surface observations at high spatial and temporal resolution were used to evaluate the simulations with a focus on boundary layer structures and thermally driven circulations that developed in the valley. Despite differences in the coordinate systems, numerical algorithms, and physical parameterizations used by the three models, the types of forecast errors were surprisingly similar. The common errors in predicted valley temperature structure include a cold bias extending from the surface to the top of the valley atmosphere, lower than observed mixed-layer depths when the observed mixed layers were relatively high, and much weaker nocturnal inversion strengths over the valley floor. Relatively large wind forecast errors existed at times in the midvalley atmosphere even in the case of strong synoptic winds. The development of valley, slope, and canyon flows and their diurnal reversals under weak synoptic forcing were captured better by RAMS and MM5 than by Meso-Eta. Meso-Eta consistently underpredicted the strengths of these terrain-induced circulations and the associated convergence and divergence over the valley floor. As operational mesoscale modeling moves toward subkilometer resolution in the near future, more detailed forecasts of the circulation patterns and boundary layer structure can be produced for local-scale applications. However, this study shows that relatively large forecast errors can still exist even with sufficiently fine spatial resolution, indicating that the future for accurate local forecasting still lies in improved model parameterization of longwave radiation and turbulent mixing. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Fast, J (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999,K9-30, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 33 TC 93 Z9 101 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0027-0644 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 131 IS 7 BP 1301 EP 1322 DI 10.1175/1520-0493(2003)131<1301:AEOTMR>2.0.CO;2 PG 22 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 694FN UT WOS:000183763400009 ER PT J AU Bunge, SD Boyle, TJ Headley, TJ AF Bunge, SD Boyle, TJ Headley, TJ TI Synthesis of coinage-metal nanoparticles from mesityl precursors SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GOLD NANOPARTICLES; SIZE CONTROL; GROWTH; NANOCRYSTALS; MONODISPERSE; CDSE; SUPERLATTICE; ABSORPTION; PARTICLES AB An anhydrous route for the synthesis of amine-capped coinage-metal nanoparticles (NP) has been developed using coinage-metal mesityl (mesityl = 2,4,6-Me3C6H2) derivatives. Under an argon atmosphere, crystalline [Cu(mu-mesityl)](5), [Ag(mu-mesityl)](4), and [Au(mu-mesityl)](5) were readily dissolved in octylamine (0.3 M solution) and subsequently injected into a heated hexadecylamine solution (300 degreesC), generating the corresponding metal nanoparticles. After washing with methanol and extracting with toluene, oxide-free coinage NPs were isolated and characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Under these conditions, the spherical NPs were found to be 8-9 nm in size for Cudegrees (no surface oxide present), 9 nm for Agdegrees, and 8-80 nm for Audegrees. Reducing the concentration of the precursor solution, the temperature of the solution, and the time of reaction led to the synthesis of Audegrees NPs that were 12 +/- 1 nm in size. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Adv Mat Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. RP Boyle, TJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Adv Mat Lab, 1001 Univ Blvd SE, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. EM tjboyle@sandia.gov NR 37 TC 64 Z9 64 U1 2 U2 23 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 3 IS 7 BP 901 EP 905 DI 10.1021/nl034200v PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 700HV UT WOS:000184107300007 ER PT J AU Parak, WJ Gerion, D Pellegrino, T Zanchet, D Micheel, C Williams, SC Boudreau, R Le Gros, MA Larabell, CA Alivisatos, AP AF Parak, WJ Gerion, D Pellegrino, T Zanchet, D Micheel, C Williams, SC Boudreau, R Le Gros, MA Larabell, CA Alivisatos, AP TI Biological applications of colloidal nanocrystals SO NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review ID SEMICONDUCTOR QUANTUM DOTS; SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS; CADMIUM-SULFIDE NANOPARTICLES; STABILIZED GOLD NANOPARTICLES; ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY; CELL-SURFACE RECEPTORS; CDSE NANOCRYSTALS; MOLECULAR RECOGNITION; PHAGOKINETIC TRACKS; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES AB Due to their interesting properties, research on colloidal nanocrystals has moved in the last few years from fundamental research to first applications in materials science and life sciences. In this review some recent biological applications of colloidal nanocrystals are discussed, without going into biological or chemical details. First, the properties of colloidal nanocrystals and how they can be synthesized are described. Second, the conjugation of nanocrystals with biological molecules is discussed. And third, three different biological applications are introduced: (i) the arrangement of nanocrystal-oligonucleotide conjugates using molecular scaffolds such as single-stranded DNA, (ii) the use of nanocrystal-protein conjugates as fluorescent probes for cellular imaging, and (iii) a motility assay based on the uptake of nanocrystals by living cells. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Anat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Parak, WJ (reprint author), Univ Munich, Ctr Nanosci, Amalienstr 54, D-80799 Munich, Germany. RI Pellegrino, teresa/G-6417-2010; Zanchet, Daniela/D-6566-2012; Parak, Wolfgang J./M-3998-2014; Alivisatos , Paul /N-8863-2015 OI Zanchet, Daniela/0000-0003-1475-2548; Parak, Wolfgang J./0000-0003-1672-6650; Alivisatos , Paul /0000-0001-6895-9048 NR 204 TC 506 Z9 514 U1 20 U2 158 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0957-4484 J9 NANOTECHNOLOGY JI Nanotechnology PD JUL PY 2003 VL 14 IS 7 BP R15 EP R27 AR PII S0957-4484(03)59672-6 DI 10.1088/0957-4484/14/7/201 PG 13 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 710BL UT WOS:000184660900001 ER PT J AU Martin, VJJ Pitera, DJ Withers, ST Newman, JD Keasling, JD AF Martin, VJJ Pitera, DJ Withers, ST Newman, JD Keasling, JD TI Engineering a mevalonate pathway in Escherichia coli for production of terpenoids SO NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ISOPENTENYL DIPHOSPHATE ISOMERASE; ARTEMISIA-ANNUA L; ISOPRENOID BIOSYNTHESIS; AMORPHA-4,11-DIENE SYNTHASE; LYCOPENE PRODUCTION; ANTIMALARIAL-DRUGS; KEY ENZYME; EXPRESSION; GENE; DERIVATIVES AB Isoprenoids are the most numerous and structurally diverse family of natural products. Terpenoids, a class of isoprenoids often isolated from plants, are used as commercial flavor and fragrance compounds and antimalarial or anticancer drugs. Because plant tissue extractions typically yield low terpenoid concentrations, we sought an alternative method to produce high-value terpenoid compounds, such as the antimalarial drug artemisinin, in a microbial host. We engineered the expression of a synthetic amorpha- 4,11-diene synthase gene and the mevalonate isoprenoid pathway from Saccharomyces cerevisiae in Escherichia coli. Concentrations of amorphadiene, the sesquiterpene olefin precursor to artemisinin, reached 24 mug caryophyllene equivalent/ml. Because isopentenyl and dimethylallyl pyrophosphates are the universal precursors to all isoprenoids, the strains developed in this study can serve as platform hosts for the production of any terpenoid compound for which a terpene synthase gene is available. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Keasling, JD (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, 201 Gilman Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Keasling, Jay/J-9162-2012 OI Keasling, Jay/0000-0003-4170-6088 NR 43 TC 729 Z9 833 U1 37 U2 324 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 USA SN 1087-0156 J9 NAT BIOTECHNOL JI Nat. Biotechnol. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 21 IS 7 BP 796 EP 802 DI 10.1038/nbt833 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 696KL UT WOS:000183886000033 PM 12778056 ER PT J AU McMurray, CT Tainer, JA AF McMurray, CT Tainer, JA TI Cancer, cadmium and genome integrity SO NATURE GENETICS LA English DT Editorial Material ID DNA-DAMAGE; REPAIR; MAINTENANCE; PROTEINS; METALS AB The direct inhibition of DNA mismatch repair by cadmium provides a molecular mechanism for cadmium toxicity with profound implications for human health, risk assessment and biological understanding of environmental mutagens. Alteration of key DNA damage response pathways may prove even more important than direct DNA damage by mutagens. C1 Mayo Clin & Mayo Fdn, Dept Mol Pharmacol & Expt Therapeut, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. Scripps Res Inst, Dept Mol Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. Scripps Res Inst, Skaggs Inst Chem Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP McMurray, CT (reprint author), Mayo Clin & Mayo Fdn, Dept Mol Pharmacol & Expt Therapeut, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. OI Tainer, John/0000-0003-1659-2429 NR 15 TC 113 Z9 121 U1 1 U2 7 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 USA SN 1061-4036 J9 NAT GENET JI Nature Genet. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 34 IS 3 BP 239 EP 241 DI 10.1038/ng0703-239 PG 3 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 695DF UT WOS:000183815300004 PM 12833042 ER PT J AU Crabtree, GW AF Crabtree, GW TI Superconductors - The mysteries of plastic motion SO NATURE MATERIALS LA English DT News Item ID DYNAMIC CORRELATION C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Crabtree, GW (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 6 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1476-1122 J9 NAT MATER JI Nat. Mater. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 2 IS 7 BP 435 EP 436 DI 10.1038/nmat927 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 696ND UT WOS:000183892200010 PM 12876567 ER PT J AU Shao-Horn, Y Croguennec, L Delmas, C Nelson, EC O'Keefe, MA AF Shao-Horn, Y Croguennec, L Delmas, C Nelson, EC O'Keefe, MA TI Atomic resolution of lithium ions in LiCoO2 SO NATURE MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; SUB-ANGSTROM RESOLUTION; LAYERED LIXCOO2; DIFFRACTION; OXYGEN; RECONSTRUCTION; BATTERIES; CRYSTALS; BOUNDARY; LIXNIO2 C1 MIT, Dept Mech Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Univ Bordeaux 1, Ecole Natl Super Chim & Phys Bordeaux, F-33608 Pessac, France. Univ Bordeaux 1, CNRS, Inst Chim Mat Condensee Bordeaux, F-33608 Pessac, France. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Shao-Horn, Y (reprint author), MIT, Dept Mech Engn, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RI Laurence, CROGUENNEC/E-4558-2010; Croguennec, Laurence/R-9512-2016 OI Croguennec, Laurence/0000-0002-3018-0992 NR 29 TC 104 Z9 107 U1 24 U2 143 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1476-1122 J9 NAT MATER JI Nat. Mater. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 2 IS 7 BP 464 EP 467 DI 10.1038/nmat922 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 696ND UT WOS:000183892200020 PM 12806387 ER PT J AU Budai, JD Yang, WG Tamura, N Chung, JS Tischler, JZ Larson, BC Ice, GE Park, C Norton, DP AF Budai, JD Yang, WG Tamura, N Chung, JS Tischler, JZ Larson, BC Ice, GE Park, C Norton, DP TI X-ray microdiffraction study of growth modes and crystallographic tilts in oxide films on metal substrates SO NATURE MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID YBA2CU3O7-DELTA COATED CONDUCTORS; CRITICAL-CURRENT DENSITY; SUPERCONDUCTING TAPES; EPITAXIAL YBA2CU3O7; CRITICAL CURRENTS; THIN-FILMS; LAYERS; STRAIN; RESOLUTION; HETEROEPITAXY AB The crystallographic texture of thin-film coatings plays an essential role in determining such diverse materials properties as wear resistance, recording density in magnetic media and electrical transport in superconductors. Typically, X-ray pole figures provide a macroscopically averaged description of texture, and electron backscattering provides spatially resolved surface measurements. In this study, we have used focused, polychromatic synchrotron X-ray microbeams to penetrate multilayer materials and simultaneously characterize the local structure, orientation and strain tensor of different heteroepitaxial layers with submicrometre resolution. Grain-by-grain microstructural studies of cerium oxide films grown on textured nickel foils reveal two distinct kinetic growth regimes on vicinal surfaces: ledge growth at elevated temperatures and island growth at lower temperatures. In addition, a combinatorial approach reveals that crystallographic tilting associated with these complex interfaces is qualitatively described by a simple geometrical model applicable to brittle films on ductile substrates. The sensitivity of conducting percolation paths to tilt-induced texture improvement is demonstrated. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Soongsil Univ, Dept Phys, Seoul, South Korea. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Korea Electrotechnol Res Inst, Chang Won, South Korea. Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Budai, JD (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Yang, Wenge/H-2740-2012; Yoon, Sejin/F-7637-2013; Budai, John/R-9276-2016 OI Budai, John/0000-0002-7444-1306 NR 40 TC 89 Z9 89 U1 1 U2 43 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1476-1122 J9 NAT MATER JI Nat. Mater. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 2 IS 7 BP 487 EP 492 DI 10.1038/nmat916 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 696ND UT WOS:000183892200025 PM 12792647 ER PT J AU Trachtenberg, E Korber, B Sollars, C Kepler, TB Hraber, PT Hayes, E Funkhouser, R Fugate, M Theiler, J Hsu, YS Kunstman, K Wu, S Phair, J Erlich, H Wolinsky, S AF Trachtenberg, E Korber, B Sollars, C Kepler, TB Hraber, PT Hayes, E Funkhouser, R Fugate, M Theiler, J Hsu, YS Kunstman, K Wu, S Phair, J Erlich, H Wolinsky, S TI Advantage of rare HLA supertype in HIV disease progression SO NATURE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID MAJOR-HISTOCOMPATIBILITY-COMPLEX; IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; NONRADIOACTIVE OLIGONUCLEOTIDE PROBES; MULTICENTER AIDS COHORT; T-LYMPHOCYTE RESPONSES; CLASS-I; POLYMORPHISM; INFECTION; MOLECULES; DIVERSITY AB The highly polymorphic human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I molecules help to determine the specificity and repertoire of the immune response. The great diversity of these antigen-binding molecules confers differential advantages in responding to pathogens, but presents a major obstacle to distinguishing HLA allele-specific effects. HLA class I supertypes provide a functional classification for the many different HLA alleles that overlap in their peptide-binding specificities. We analyzed the association of these discrete HLA supertypes with HIV disease progression rates in a population of HIV-infected men. We found that HLA supertypes alone and in combination conferred a strong differential advantage in responding to HIV infection, independent of the contribution of single HLA alleles that associate with progression of the disease. The correlation of the frequency of the HLA supertypes with viral load suggests that HIV adapts to the most frequent alleles in the population, providing a selective advantage for those individuals who express rare alleles. C1 Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. Childrens Hosp Oakland, Res Inst, Oakland, CA 94609 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Santa Fe Inst, Santa Fe, NM 87501 USA. Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Roche Mol Syst, Alameda, CA 94501 USA. RP Wolinsky, S (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, 676 N St Clair St, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. RI Wolinsky, Steven/B-2893-2012; OI Wolinsky, Steven/0000-0002-9625-6697; Kepler, Thomas/0000-0002-1383-6865; Korber, Bette/0000-0002-2026-5757; Hraber, Peter/0000-0002-2920-4897 FU NCI NIH HHS [P30-CA79458]; NIAID NIH HHS [U01-AI-35039]; NICHD NIH HHS [R01-HD37356] NR 49 TC 209 Z9 217 U1 1 U2 13 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 USA SN 1078-8956 J9 NAT MED JI Nat. Med. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 9 IS 7 BP 928 EP 935 DI 10.1038/nm893 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 698CD UT WOS:000183979300035 PM 12819779 ER PT J AU Umeda, N Grisham, LR Yamamoto, T Kuriyama, M Kawai, M Ohga, T Mogaki, K Akino, N Yamazaki, H Usui, K Honda, A Guangjiu, L Watanabe, K Inoue, T Hanada, M Kashiwagi, M Morishita, T Dairaku, M Takayanagi, T AF Umeda, N Grisham, LR Yamamoto, T Kuriyama, M Kawai, M Ohga, T Mogaki, K Akino, N Yamazaki, H Usui, K Honda, A Guangjiu, L Watanabe, K Inoue, T Hanada, M Kashiwagi, M Morishita, T Dairaku, M Takayanagi, T TI Improvement of beam performance in the negative-ion based NBI system for JT-60U SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article AB The injection performance of the negative-ion based NBI (N-NBI) system for JT-60U has been improved by correcting beamlet deflection and improving spatial uniformity of negative ion production. Beamlet deflection at the peripheral region of the grid segment due to the distorted electric field at the bottom of the extractor has been observed. This was corrected by modifying the surface geometry at the extractor to form a flat electric field. Moreover, beamlet deflection due to beamlet-beamlet repulsion caused by space charge was also compensated for by extruding the edge of the bottom extractor. This resulted in a reduction of the heat loading on the NBI port limiter. As a result of the improvement above, continuous injection of a 2.6 MW H-0 beam at 355 keV has been achieved for 10 s. Thus, long pulse injection up to the nominal pulse duration of JT-60U was demonstrated. This has opened up the prospect of long pulse operation of the negative-ion based NBI system for a steady-state tokamak reactor. So far, a maximum injection power of 5.8 MW at 400 keV, with a deuterium beam, and 6.2 MW at 381 keV, with a hydrogen beam, have been achieved in the JT-60U N-NBI. Uniformity of negative ion production was improved by tuning the filament emission current so as to direct more arc power into the region where less negative ion current was extracted. C1 Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Naka Fus Res Estab, Naka, Ibaraki 3110193, Japan. SW Inst Phys, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, Peoples R China. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Umeda, N (reprint author), Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Naka Fus Res Estab, 801-1 Mukouyama, Naka, Ibaraki 3110193, Japan. NR 6 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD JUL PY 2003 VL 43 IS 7 BP 522 EP 526 AR PII S0029-5515(03)63632-X DI 10.1088/0029-5515/43/7/302 PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 706AX UT WOS:000184430400002 ER PT J AU Intrator, T Myra, JR D'Ippolito, DA AF Intrator, T Myra, JR D'Ippolito, DA TI Three-dimensional finite-element model of the ion Bernstein wave antenna and excitation of coaxial electrostatic edge modes in the tokamak fusion test reactor SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID ALCATOR-C TOKAMAK; DIII-D; FREQUENCIES; PLASMAS; RANGE; FLOW AB Externally launched ion Bernstein wave (IBW) experiments have demonstrated localized electron heating, sheared flows and transport barriers in several tokamaks. Experiments in the tokamak fusion test reactor (TFTR) showed that IBW waves launched from low-field side IBW antennas could drive a velocity shear layer in the central plasma, but the power coupled to the IBW was not sufficient to achieve a transport barrier. This experiment raised important questions concerning where the radio-frequency (rf) power went and whether the anomalous loss channels are more important in larger machines. Recently, it was proposed that the power loss was due to a coaxial electron plasma wave (EPW) mode excited in the low density plasma halo near the vessel wall (Myra et al 2000 Phys. Plasmas 7 283). This mode could dissipate a significant power fraction by sheath and collisional mechanisms, fits more easily in larger machines like TFTR and has the phasing dependence observed in the experiments. Here we extend that work by demonstrating the existence and phasing dependence of the coaxial mode (CM) in a realistic rf coupling calculation. A three-dimensional finite-element electromagnetic code couples a detailed model of the antenna geometry with a plasma dielectric model that retains CM physics. Quantitative results show the dependence of the CM rf fields and power dissipation on the phasing of the multiple-strap array. Unlike conventional rf coupling codes, this paper enables the antenna limiters to be immersed in tenuous plasma, an important feature for correctly modelling parasitic coupling to the CM. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. Lodestar Res Corp, Boulder, CO USA. RP Intrator, T (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. NR 24 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0029-5515 EI 1741-4326 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD JUL PY 2003 VL 43 IS 7 BP 531 EP 538 AR PII S0029-5515(03)63731-2 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/43/7/304 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 706AX UT WOS:000184430400004 ER PT J AU Garcia, L Carreras, BA Lynch, VE Wakatani, M AF Garcia, L Carreras, BA Lynch, VE Wakatani, M TI Effect of beta and collisionality on the vacuum magnetic field islands in stellarators SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID STABILITY AB The resistive pressure gradient driven instability model is used to study the effect of plasma on a vacuum magnetic field island. Conditions under which the magnetic island is amplified or reduced have been identified. Starting with a set of reference parameters, we have varied these parameters by increasing either the density or the electron temperature. These scans lead to very different results. When beta increases because of the increase in density, so does the island width. However, in cases in which beta is increased by increasing the electron temperature, we observe a decrease in the island width. The main mechanism for island reduction seems to be the generation of strong sheared flow associated with the magnetic island. These results seem to reflect some observations in the Large Helical Device. C1 Univ Carlos III Madrid, Madrid 28911, Spain. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Energy Sci, Kyoto 6110011, Japan. RP Garcia, L (reprint author), Univ Carlos III Madrid, Madrid 28911, Spain. RI Lynch, Vickie/J-4647-2012; Garcia, Luis/A-5344-2015 OI Lynch, Vickie/0000-0002-5836-7636; Garcia, Luis/0000-0002-0492-7466 NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD JUL PY 2003 VL 43 IS 7 BP 553 EP 557 AR PII S0029-5515(03)64002-0 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/43/7/307 PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 706AX UT WOS:000184430400007 ER PT J AU Litaudon, X Becoulet, A Crisanti, F Wolf, RC Baranov, YF Barbato, E Becoulet, M Budny, R Castaldo, C Cesario, R Challis, CD Conway, GD De Baar, MR De Vries, P Dux, R Eriksson, LG Esposito, B Felton, R Fourment, C Frigione, D Garbet, X Giannella, R Giroud, C Gorini, G Hawkes, NC Hellsten, T Hender, TC Hennequin, P Hogeweij, GMD Huysmans, GTA Imbeaux, F Joffrin, E Lomas, PJ Lotte, P Maget, P Mailloux, J Mantica, P Mantsin, MJ Mazon, D Moreau, D Parail, V Pericoli, V Rachlew, E Riva, M Rimini, F Sarazin, Y Stratton, BC Tala, TJJ Tresset, G Tudisco, O Zabeo, L Zastrow, KD AF Litaudon, X Becoulet, A Crisanti, F Wolf, RC Baranov, YF Barbato, E Becoulet, M Budny, R Castaldo, C Cesario, R Challis, CD Conway, GD De Baar, MR De Vries, P Dux, R Eriksson, LG Esposito, B Felton, R Fourment, C Frigione, D Garbet, X Giannella, R Giroud, C Gorini, G Hawkes, NC Hellsten, T Hender, TC Hennequin, P Hogeweij, GMD Huysmans, GTA Imbeaux, F Joffrin, E Lomas, PJ Lotte, P Maget, P Mailloux, J Mantica, P Mantsin, MJ Mazon, D Moreau, D Parail, V Pericoli, V Rachlew, E Riva, M Rimini, F Sarazin, Y Stratton, BC Tala, TJJ Tresset, G Tudisco, O Zabeo, L Zastrow, KD CA JET-EFDA contributors TI Progress towards steady-state operation and real-time control of internal transport barriers in JET SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID CURRENT-DENSITY PROFILE; JOINT EUROPEAN TORUS; HYBRID CURRENT DRIVE; MAGNETIC SHEAR; HIGH-PERFORMANCE; DT PLASMAS; STABILITY; SCENARIOS; SUPRA; MODE AB In JET, advanced tokamak research mainly focuses on plasmas with internal transport barriers (ITBs) that are strongly influenced by the current density profile. A previously developed optimized shear regime with low magnetic shear in the plasma centre has been extended to deeply negative magnetic shear configurations. High fusion performance with wide ITBs has been obtained transiently with negative central magnetic shear configuration: H-IPB98(y,H-2) similar to 1.9, beta(N) = 2.4 at I-p = 2.5 MA. At somewhat reduced performance, electron and ion ITBs have been sustained in full current drive operation with 1 MA of bootstrap current: H-IPB98(y,H-2) similar to 1, beta(N) = 1.7 at I-p = 2.0 MA. The ITBs were maintained for up to 11 s for the latter case. This duration, much larger than the energy confinement time (37 times larger), is already approaching a current resistive time. New real-time measurements and feedback control algorithms have been developed and implemented in JET for successfully controlling the ITB dynamics and the current density profile in the highly non-inductive current regime. C1 CEA Cadarache, Assoc EURATOM CEA, F-13108 St Paul Les Durance, France. Ctr Ric Frascati, Assoc EURATOM ENEA Fus, Frascati, Italy. Assoc EURATOM FZJ, Inst Plasmaphys, D-52425 Julich, Germany. UKAEA, EURATOM Assoc, Culham Sci Ctr, Abingdon OX14 3DB, Oxon, England. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EURATOM, Max Planck Inst Plasmaphys, Garching, Germany. EURATOM, FOM, TEC, NL-3430 BE Nieuwegein, Netherlands. CNR Assoc, ENEA, EURATOM, Inst Fis Plasma, Milan, Italy. Assoc EURATOM VR, KTH, Dept Phys, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden. VTT Chem Technol, Assoc EURATOM TEKES, FIN-02044 Espoo, Finland. RP Litaudon, X (reprint author), CEA Cadarache, Assoc EURATOM CEA, F-13108 St Paul Les Durance, France. EM xavier.litaudon@cea.fr RI Tresset, Guillaume/B-9009-2008; Imbeaux, Frederic/A-7614-2013; Mantica, Paola/K-3033-2012; Mantsinen, Mervi/B-8023-2016; Gorini, Giuseppe/H-9595-2016 OI Mantsinen, Mervi/0000-0001-9927-835X; Gorini, Giuseppe/0000-0002-4673-0901 NR 41 TC 45 Z9 47 U1 2 U2 11 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD JUL PY 2003 VL 43 IS 7 BP 565 EP 572 AR PII S0029-5515(03)63937-2 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/43/7/309 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 706AX UT WOS:000184430400009 ER PT J AU Shinohara, K Kawashima, H Tsuzuki, K Urata, K Sato, M Ogawa, H Kamiya, K Sasao, H Kimura, H Kasai, S Kusama, Y Miura, Y Tobita, K Naito, O Darrow, DS AF Shinohara, K Kawashima, H Tsuzuki, K Urata, K Sato, M Ogawa, H Kamiya, K Sasao, H Kimura, H Kasai, S Kusama, Y Miura, Y Tobita, K Naito, O Darrow, DS CA JFT-2M Grp TI Effects of complex magnetic ripple on fast ions in JFT-2M ferritic insert experiments SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID STEEL; REDUCTION AB In JFT-2M, ferritic steel plates (FPs) were installed on almost the whole inner surface of the vacuum vessel. This arrangement is called the ferritic inside wall (FIW), and is the third step of the advanced material tokamak experiment programme. The toroidal field (TF) ripple was reduced by optimizing the thickness of FPs but the total ripple structure has become more complex, with a non-periodic feature in the toroidal direction, because of the existence of ports and other components that limit the periodic installation of FPs. We investigated the effect of this complex ripple on the heat flux onto the first wall due to fast ion loss. The ripple trapped loss was reduced as a result of the reduced magnetic ripple of the FIW. Additional FPs were also installed outside the vacuum vessel to produce a localized larger ripple. A small ripple trapped loss was observed when the shallow ripple well exists in the poloidal cross section, and a large ripple trapped loss was observed when the ripple well extends deep into the plasma region. Experimental results were almost consistent with computation with a newly developed fully three-dimensional magnetic field orbit-following Monte-Carlo code including the three-dimensional complex structure of the TF ripple and the non-axisymmetric first wall geometry. C1 Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Naka Fus Res Estab, Naka, Ibaraki 3110193, Japan. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Shinohara, K (reprint author), Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Naka Fus Res Estab, Naka, Ibaraki 3110193, Japan. NR 15 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 3 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD JUL PY 2003 VL 43 IS 7 BP 586 EP 593 AR PII S0029-5515(03)64083-4 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/43/7/312 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 706AX UT WOS:000184430400012 ER PT J AU Gorelenkov, NN Berk, HL Budny, R Cheng, CZ Fu, GY Heidbrink, WW Kramer, GJ Meade, D Nazikian, R AF Gorelenkov, NN Berk, HL Budny, R Cheng, CZ Fu, GY Heidbrink, WW Kramer, GJ Meade, D Nazikian, R TI Study of thermonuclear Alfven instabilities in next step burning plasma proposals SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID FUSION-TEST-REACTOR; AXISYMMETRICAL TOROIDAL PLASMAS; DIII-D TOKAMAK; ENERGETIC PARTICLES; ALPHA-PARTICLES; EIGENMODES; DRIVEN; MODES; STABILITY; EXCITATION AB The stability of a-particle driven shear Alfven eigenmodes (AE) for nominal burning plasma (BP) parameters in the proposed international tokamak experimental reactor (ITER), fusion ignition research experiment (FIRE) and IGNITOR tokamaks is studied. JET plasma, where fusion as were generated in tritium experiments, is also studied to compare the numerical predictions with the existing experiments. An analytic assessment of toroidal AE (TAE) stability is first presented, where the alpha-particle beta due to the fusion reaction rate and electron drag is simply and accurately estimated in plasmas with central temperature in the range of 7-20 keV. In this assessment the hot particle drive is balanced against ion-Landau damping of the background deuterons, and electron collision effects and stability boundaries are determined. Then two numerical studies of AE instability are presented. In one, the HIgh-n STability (HINST) code is used to predict the instabilities of low and moderately high frequency Alfven modes. HINST computes the non-perturbative solutions of the AE including effects of ion finite Larmor radius, orbit width, trapped electrons etc. The stability calculations are repeated using the global code NOVAK. We show that for these plasmas the spectrum of the least stable AE modes is at medium-/high-n numbers. In HINST, TAEs are locally unstable due to the alpha pressure gradient in all the devices under consideration except IGNITOR. However, NOVAK calculations show that the global mode structure enhances the damping mechanisms and produces stability for the nominal FIRE proposal and near-marginal stability for the nominal ITER proposal. NBI ions produce a strong stabilizing effect for JET. However, in ITER, the beam energies needed to penetrate to the core must be high (similar to1 MeV) so that a diamagnetic drift frequency comparable to that of alpha-particles is produced by the beam ions which induces a destabilizing effect. A serious question remains whether the perturbation theory used in NOVAK overestimates the stability predictions, so that it is premature to conclude that the nominal operation of all three BP proposals without neutral beam injection are stable (or marginally stable) to AEs. C1 Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. IFS, Austin, TX USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. RP Gorelenkov, NN (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RI Cheng, Chio/K-1005-2014 NR 40 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 4 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD JUL PY 2003 VL 43 IS 7 BP 594 EP 605 AR PII S0029-5515(03)64085-8 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/43/7/313 PG 12 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 706AX UT WOS:000184430400013 ER PT J AU Wade, MR Murakami, M Luce, TC Ferron, JR Petty, CC Brennen, DP Garofalo, AM Greenfield, CM Hyatt, AW Jayakumar, R Kinsey, JE La Haye, RJ Lao, LL Lohr, J Politzer, PA Prater, R Strait, EJ Watkins, JG AF Wade, MR Murakami, M Luce, TC Ferron, JR Petty, CC Brennen, DP Garofalo, AM Greenfield, CM Hyatt, AW Jayakumar, R Kinsey, JE La Haye, RJ Lao, LL Lohr, J Politzer, PA Prater, R Strait, EJ Watkins, JG TI Integrated, advanced tokamak operation on DIII-D SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID REVERSED-MAGNETIC SHEAR; INTERNAL TRANSPORT BARRIERS; NEOCLASSICAL TEARING MODES; HIGH-BETA; ENHANCED CONFINEMENT; D PLASMAS; PERFORMANCE; DISCHARGES; STABILITY; ELECTRON AB Recent experiments on DIII-D have demonstrated the ability to sustain plasma conditions that integrate and sustain the key ingredients of advanced tokamak (AT) operation: high beta with 1.5 < q(min) < 2.5, good energy confinement, and high current drive efficiency. Utilizing off-axis (rho = 0.4) electron cyclotron current drive (ECCD) to modify the current density profile in a plasma operating near the no-wall ideal stability limit with q(min) > 2.0, plasmas with beta approximate to 2.9% and 90% of the plasma current driven non-inductively have been sustained for nearly 2 s (limited only by the duration of the ECCD pulse). Negative central magnetic shear is produced by the ECCD, leading to the formation of a weak internal transport barrier even in the presence of Type I ELMs. Separate experiments have demonstrated the ability to sustain a steady current density profile using ECCD for periods as long as 1 s with beta = 3.3% and >90% of the current driven non-inductively. In addition, stable operation well above the ideal no-wall beta limit has been sustained for several energy confinement times with the duration only limited by resistive relaxation of the current profile to an unstable state. Stability analysis indicates that the experimental beta limit depends on the degree to which the no-wall limit can be exceeded and weakly on the actual no-wall limit. Achieving the necessary density levels required for adequate ECCD efficiency requires active divertor exhaust and reducing the wall inventory buildup prior to the high performance phase. Simulation studies indicate that the successful integration of high beta operation with current profile control consistent with these experimental results should result in high beta, fully non-inductive plasma operation. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. Oak Ridge Inst Sci Educ, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Lehigh Univ, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Wade, MR (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 57 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0029-5515 EI 1741-4326 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD JUL PY 2003 VL 43 IS 7 BP 634 EP 646 AR PII S0029-5515(03)64630-2 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/43/7/318 PG 13 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 706AX UT WOS:000184430400018 ER PT J AU McGinnis, DP Stancari, G Werkema, SJ AF McGinnis, DP Stancari, G Werkema, SJ TI Beam decelerations with variable momentum compaction in the Fermilab Antiproton Accumulator SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE lattice; deceleration; transition energy; charmonium ID CHI(C0)(1(3)P(0)) STATE; RESONANCE PARAMETERS; CHARMONIUM AB For the study of charmonium resonances above and including the chi(c0), Fermilab experiment E-835 required an intense and stochastically cooled antiproton beam with kinetic energies from 8 GeV (the injection energy of the Accumulator) down to 4 GeV. We developed a scheme in which the momentum compaction factor of the machine was changed as the antiprotons were decelerated, so that the energies of interest to the experiment were kept above transition. The scheme was used during the E-835 10-month run of the year 2000. Here we describe the design criteria, operational procedures and diagnostic tools we used to exploit the machine as an efficient antiproton decelerator. The machine performance during data taking is also discussed, in relation to the main experimental requirements. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Antiproton Source Dept, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Stancari, G (reprint author), Univ Ferrara, Dipartimento Fis, Via Paradiso 12, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. NR 14 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 1 PY 2003 VL 506 IS 3 BP 205 EP 216 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01395-0 PG 12 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 696WP UT WOS:000183910800001 ER PT J AU Agostinelli, S Allison, J Amako, K Apostolakis, J Araujo, H Arce, P Asai, M Axen, D Banerjee, S Barrand, G Behner, F Bellagamba, L Boudreau, J Broglia, L Brunengo, A Burkhardt, H Chauvie, S Chuma, J Chytracek, R Cooperman, G Cosmo, G Degtyarenko, P Dell'Acqua, A Depaola, G Dietrich, D Enami, R Feliciello, A Ferguson, C Fesefeldt, H Folger, G Foppiano, F Forti, A Garelli, S Giani, S Giannitrapani, R Gibin, D Cadenas, JJG Gonzalez, I Abril, GG Greeniaus, G Greiner, W Grichine, V Grossheim, A Guatelli, S Gumplinger, P Hamatsu, R Hashimoto, K Hasui, H Heikkinen, A Howard, A Ivanchenko, V Johnson, A Jones, FW Kallenbach, J Kanaya, N Kawabata, M Kawabata, Y Kawaguti, M Kelner, S Kent, P Kimura, A Kodama, T Kokoulin, R Kossov, M Kurashige, H Lamanna, E Lampen, T Lara, V Lefebure, V Lei, F Liendl, M Lockman, W Longo, F Magni, S Maire, M Medernach, E Minamimoto, K de Freitas, PM Morita, Y Murakami, K Nagamatu, M Nartallo, R Nieminen, P Nishimura, T Ohtsubo, K Okamura, M O'Neale, S Oohata, Y Paech, K Perl, J Pfeiffer, A Pia, MG Ranjard, F Rybin, A Sadilov, S Di Salvo, E Santin, G Sasaki, T Savvas, N Sawada, Y Scherer, S Seil, S Sirotenko, V Smith, D Starkov, N Stoecker, H Sulkimo, J Takahata, M Tanaka, S Tcherniaev, E Tehrani, ES Tropeano, M Truscott, P Uno, H Urban, L Urban, P Verderi, M Walkden, A Wander, W Weber, H Wellisch, JP Wenaus, T Williams, DC Wright, D Yamada, T Yoshida, H Zschiesche, D AF Agostinelli, S Allison, J Amako, K Apostolakis, J Araujo, H Arce, P Asai, M Axen, D Banerjee, S Barrand, G Behner, F Bellagamba, L Boudreau, J Broglia, L Brunengo, A Burkhardt, H Chauvie, S Chuma, J Chytracek, R Cooperman, G Cosmo, G Degtyarenko, P Dell'Acqua, A Depaola, G Dietrich, D Enami, R Feliciello, A Ferguson, C Fesefeldt, H Folger, G Foppiano, F Forti, A Garelli, S Giani, S Giannitrapani, R Gibin, D Cadenas, JJG Gonzalez, I Abril, GG Greeniaus, G Greiner, W Grichine, V Grossheim, A Guatelli, S Gumplinger, P Hamatsu, R Hashimoto, K Hasui, H Heikkinen, A Howard, A Ivanchenko, V Johnson, A Jones, FW Kallenbach, J Kanaya, N Kawabata, M Kawabata, Y Kawaguti, M Kelner, S Kent, P Kimura, A Kodama, T Kokoulin, R Kossov, M Kurashige, H Lamanna, E Lampen, T Lara, V Lefebure, V Lei, F Liendl, M Lockman, W Longo, F Magni, S Maire, M Medernach, E Minamimoto, K de Freitas, PM Morita, Y Murakami, K Nagamatu, M Nartallo, R Nieminen, P Nishimura, T Ohtsubo, K Okamura, M O'Neale, S Oohata, Y Paech, K Perl, J Pfeiffer, A Pia, MG Ranjard, F Rybin, A Sadilov, S Di Salvo, E Santin, G Sasaki, T Savvas, N Sawada, Y Scherer, S Seil, S Sirotenko, V Smith, D Starkov, N Stoecker, H Sulkimo, J Takahata, M Tanaka, S Tcherniaev, E Tehrani, ES Tropeano, M Truscott, P Uno, H Urban, L Urban, P Verderi, M Walkden, A Wander, W Weber, H Wellisch, JP Wenaus, T Williams, DC Wright, D Yamada, T Yoshida, H Zschiesche, D TI GEANT4-a simulation toolkit SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Review DE simulation; particle interactions; geometrical modelling; software engineering; object-oriented technology; distributed software development ID SPACE EVENT GENERATOR; ENERGY-LOSS; SCATTERING; ANNIHILATION; PARTICLES; LIBRARY; SHOWERS; PACKAGE; PHYSICS; SOLIDS AB GEANT4 is a toolkit for simulating the passage of particles through matter. It includes a complete range of functionality including tracking, geometry, physics models and hits. The physics processes offered cover a comprehensive range, including electromagnetic, hadronic and optical processes, a large set of long-lived particles, materials and elements, over a wide energy range starting, in some cases, from 250 eV and extending in others to the TeV energy range. It has been designed and constructed to expose the physics models utilised, to handle complex geometries, and to enable its easy adaptation for optimal use in different sets of applications. The toolkit is the result of a worldwide collaboration of physicists and software engineers. It has been created exploiting software engineering and object-oriented technology and implemented in the C++ programming language. It has been used in applications in particle physics, nuclear physics, accelerator design, space engineering and medical physics. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 European Org Nucl Res CERN, Geneva, Switzerland. ESA, ESTEC, Noordwijk, Netherlands. Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA USA. TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. CERN, ATLAS Collaborat, Geneva, Switzerland. CERN, CMS Collaborat, Geneva, Switzerland. CERN, HARP Collaborat, Geneva, Switzerland. CERN, LHCb Collaborat, Geneva, Switzerland. Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Aachen, Germany. Univ Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2M7, Canada. CERN, ALICE Collaborat, Geneva, Switzerland. Univ Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, Avon, England. Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Kfki, Budapest, Hungary. Univ Calabria, Calabria, Italy. Univ Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain. Univ Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany. Univ Fukui, Fukui 910, Japan. IST Natl Inst Canc Res Genova, Genoa, Italy. INFN, Genoa, Italy. Univ Genoa, Genoa, Italy. Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Inst Theoret Phys, Frankfurt, Germany. Helsinki Inst Phys, Helsinki, Finland. Hiroshima Inst Technol, Hiroshima, Japan. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London, England. IHEP, Protvino, Russia. No Illinois Univ, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. Kobe Univ, Kobe, Hyogo 657, Japan. IN2P3, LAL, Orsay, France. IN2P3, LAPP, Annecy, France. IN2P3, LLR, Palaiseau, France. Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. Lyon Univ, Lyon, France. Univ Manchester, Dept Phys & Astron, Manchester, Lancs, England. MEPhI, Moscow, Russia. INFN, Milan, Italy. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Naruto Univ Educ, Naruto, Japan. Niigata Univ, Niigata 95021, Japan. Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk, Russia. Osaka Inst Technol, Osaka 535, Japan. Univ Padua, Padua, Italy. Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA. UCSC, SCIPP, Santa Cruz, CA USA. Ritsumeikan Univ, Kyoto, Japan. Univ Southampton, Southampton SO9 5NH, Hants, England. TIFR, Bombay, Maharashtra, India. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Tokyo, Japan. RP Allison, J (reprint author), European Org Nucl Res CERN, Geneva, Switzerland. EM john.allison@man.ac.uk RI Grichine, Vladimir/M-8526-2015; Tcherniaev, Evgueni/G-3453-2016; Starkov, Nikolai/D-9293-2014; Kent, Paul/A-6756-2008; Gonzalez Caballero, Isidro/E-7354-2010; Kokoulin, Rostislav/A-5689-2011; Pia, Maria Grazia/C-7034-2012; Kurashige, Hisaya/H-4916-2012; Sasaki, Takashi/K-6031-2012; Guatelli, Susanna/C-2896-2014; Arce, Pedro/L-1268-2014; Gomez Cadenas, Juan Jose/L-2003-2014; Lamanna, Ernesto/C-7658-2012 OI Chauvie, Stephane/0000-0003-4394-5031; Araujo, Henrique/0000-0002-5972-2783; Tcherniaev, Evgueni/0000-0002-3685-0635; Starkov, Nikolai/0000-0001-5735-2451; Kent, Paul/0000-0001-5539-4017; Pia, Maria Grazia/0000-0002-3579-9639; Sasaki, Takashi/0000-0003-1591-7252; Arce, Pedro/0000-0003-3009-0484; Gomez Cadenas, Juan Jose/0000-0002-8224-7714; Lamanna, Ernesto/0000-0002-7844-8230 NR 116 TC 7834 Z9 7950 U1 85 U2 509 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 1 PY 2003 VL 506 IS 3 BP 250 EP 303 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01368-8 PG 54 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 696WP UT WOS:000183910800004 ER PT J AU Sajaev, V Huang, Z Biedron, SG Den Hartog, PK Gluskin, E Kim, KJ Lewellen, JW Li, Y Makarov, O Milton, SV Moog, ER AF Sajaev, V Huang, Z Biedron, SG Den Hartog, PK Gluskin, E Kim, KJ Lewellen, JW Li, Y Makarov, O Milton, SV Moog, ER TI Z-dependent spectral measurements of SASE FEL radiation at APS SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 23rd International Free Electron Laser Conference/8th FEL Users Workshop CY AUG 20-24, 2001 CL DARMSTADT, GERMANY SP Deutech Forsch Gemeinsch, Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron, Vacuumschmelze GmbH, ACCEL, Agilent Technol, BESSY, Comp Simulat Technol, Univ Darmstadt DE free-electron laser; spectrum; self-amplified spontaneous emission ID AMPLIFIED SPONTANEOUS EMISSION; FREE-ELECTRON LASERS; HARMONIC-GENERATION; GAIN AB We report on the first measurements of the dependence on the axial distance z of the spectrum of self-amplified spontaneous emission free-electron laser (SASE FEL) radiation. The measurements are performed under different FEL conditions in the wavelength range from 265 to 530 nm. Spectral measurements of the radiation at FEL saturation are included. The z-dependence of the radiation spectrum is compared with theory and simulations. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Sajaev, V (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 12 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 1 PY 2003 VL 506 IS 3 BP 304 EP 315 AR PII S0168-9002(02)00716-7 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)00716-7 PG 12 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 696WP UT WOS:000183910800005 ER PT J AU Perlmutter, S AF Perlmutter, S TI Dark energy: Recent observations and future prospects SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International UCLA Symposium on Sources and Detection of Dark Matter and Dark Energy in the Universe CY FEB 20-22, 2002 CL MARINA DEL REY, CALIFORNIA ID IA SUPERNOVAE; ACCELERATING UNIVERSE; DECELERATION; LAMBDA; OMEGA AB Dark energy presents us with a challenging puzzle: understanding the new element of physics evident in the acceleration of the expansion of the universe. Type la supernovae first detected this acceleration and have been instrumental in breaking the matter dominated universe paradigm, measuring the current acceleration of the expansion, and probing back to the decelerating phase. To further study the nature of dark energy requires understanding of systematic errors entering into any cosmological probe. Type Ia supernovae provide simple, transparent tracers of the expansion history of the universe, and the sources of systematic uncertainties in the supernova measurement have been identified. We briefly review the progress to date and examine the promise of future surveys with large numbers of supernovae and well bounded systematics. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Perlmutter, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Phys, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 124 BP 13 EP 20 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(03)02072-3 PG 8 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 703UE UT WOS:000184298700003 ER PT J AU Baccigalupi, C Balbi, A Matarrese, S Perrotta, F Vittorio, N AF Baccigalupi, C Balbi, A Matarrese, S Perrotta, F Vittorio, N TI Scalar field dark energy and cosmic microwave background SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International UCLA Symposium on Sources and Detection of Dark Matter and Dark Energy in the Universe CY FEB 20-22, 2002 CL MARINA DEL REY, CA ID ANGULAR POWER SPECTRUM; ANISOTROPIES; SUPERNOVAE; COSMOLOGY; CONSTANT; MAXIMA-1; UNIVERSE AB A dynamical scalar field represents the simplest generalization of a pure Cosmological Constant as a candidate to explain the recent evidence in favour of the accelerated cosmic expansion. We review the dynamical properties of such a component, and argue that, even if the background expectation value of this field is fixed and the equation of state is the same as a Cosmological Constant, scalar field fluctuations can still be used to distinguish the two components. We compare predicted spectra of Cosmic Microvave Background (CMB) anisotropies in tracking scalar field cosmologies with the present CMB data, in order to get constraints on the amount and equation of state of dark energy. High precision experiments like SNAP, PLANCK and SNFACTORY, together with the data on Large Scale Structure, are needed to probe this issue with the necessary accuracy. Here we show the intriguing result that, with a strong prior on the value of the Hubble constant today, the assumption of a flat universe, and consistency relations between amplitude and spectral index of primordial gravitational waves, the present CMB data at 1sigma give indication of a dark energy equation of state larger than -1, while the ordinary Cosmological Constant is recovered at 2sigma. C1 SISSA, ISAS, I-34014 Trieste, Italy. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma 2, I-00133 Rome, Italy. Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Osserv Astron Padova, I-35122 Padua, Italy. RP Baccigalupi, C (reprint author), SISSA, ISAS, Via Beirut 4, I-34014 Trieste, Italy. EM bacci@sissa.it; balbi@roma2.infn.it; matarrese@pd.infn.it; perrotta@materia.lbl.gov; vittorio@roma2.infn.it OI Matarrese, Sabino/0000-0002-2573-1243 NR 40 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 124 BP 68 EP 71 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(03)02079-6 PG 4 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 703UE UT WOS:000184298700010 ER PT J AU Perrotta, F Baccigalupi, C AF Perrotta, F Baccigalupi, C TI Sub-horizon perturbation behavior in extended quintessence SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International UCLA Symposium on Sources and Detection of Dark Matter and Dark Energy in the Universe CY FEB 20-22, 2002 CL MARINA DEL REY, CALIFORNIA ID DARK-MATTER; ACCELERATING UNIVERSE; GALAXIES; SUPERNOVAE AB In the general context of scalar-tensor theories, we consider a model in which a scalar field coupled to the Ricci scalar in the gravitational sector of the Lagrangian, is also playing the role of an "Extended Quintessence" field, dominating the energy content of the Universe at the present time. In this framework, we study the linear evolution of the perturbations in the Quintessence energy density, showing that a new phenomenon, named here "gravitational dragging", can enhance the scalar field density perturbations as much as they reach the non-linear regime. The possibility of dark energy clumps formation is thus discussed. C1 Osserv Astron Padova, INAF, I-35122 Padua, Italy. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. SISSA, ISAS, I-34014 Trieste, Italy. RP Perrotta, F (reprint author), Osserv Astron Padova, INAF, Vicolo Osservatorio 5, I-35122 Padua, Italy. NR 27 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 124 BP 72 EP 75 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(03)02080-2 PG 4 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 703UE UT WOS:000184298700011 ER PT J AU Linder, EV AF Linder, EV TI Dark energy and dark matter with SNAP SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International UCLA Symposium on Sources and Detection of Dark Matter and Dark Energy in the Universe CY FEB 20-22, 2002 CL MARINA DEL REY, CALIFORNIA ID SUPERNOVAE AB The discovery that the expansion of the Universe is accelerating opens up new frontiers for our understanding of cosmology and particle physics. The nature of the dark energy responsible is intimately tied to the high energy theory and gravitation. Measuring the properties of the accelerating universe and studying both the dark energy and the dark matter of the Universe using supernovae and weak gravitational lensing is the primary aim of the Supernova/Acceleration Probe (SNAP). SNAP can discover and follow thousands of Type Ia supernovae at redshifts z = 0.3 - 1.7. The resulting magnitude-redshift relation can determine the cosmological and dark energy parameters with high precision: the dark energy equation of state w to +/-0.05 and its time variation w' = dw/dz to +/-0.15. Wide area weak gravitational lensing studies will map the distribution of dark matter in the universe. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Linder, EV (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Phys, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 124 BP 76 EP 78 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(03)02081-4 PG 3 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 703UE UT WOS:000184298700012 ER PT J AU Chen, PS Adler, RJ AF Chen, PS Adler, RJ TI Black hole remnants and dark matter SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International UCLA Symposium on Sources and Detection of Dark Matter and Dark Energy in the Universe CY FEB 20-22, 2002 CL MARINA DEL REY, CALIFORNIA ID GENERALIZED UNCERTAINTY PRINCIPLE; QUANTUM-GRAVITY; RELICS; UNIVERSE AB We argue that, when the gravity effect is included, the generalized uncertainty principle (CUP) may prevent black holes from total evaporation in a similar way that the standard uncertainty principle prevents the hydrogen atom from total collapse. Specifically we invoke the CUP to obtain a modified Hawking temperature, which indicates that there should exist non-radiating remnants (BHR) of about Planck mass. BHRs axe an attractive candidate for cold dark matter. We investigate an alternative cosmology in which primordial BHRs axe the primary source of dark matter. C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Stanford Univ, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Grav Probe B, Stanford, CA 94035 USA. RP Chen, PS (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. NR 24 TC 73 Z9 73 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 124 BP 103 EP 106 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(03)02088-7 PG 4 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 703UE UT WOS:000184298700019 ER PT J AU Birkedal-Hansen, A AF Birkedal-Hansen, A TI SUSY dark matter with non-universal gaugino masses SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International UCLA Symposium on Sources and Detection of Dark Matter and Dark Energy in the Universe CY FEB 20-22, 2002 CL MARINA DEL REY, CALIFORNIA ID SUPERSYMMETRY-BREAKING; CONDENSATION AB In this talk we investigate the dark matter prospects for supersymmetric models with non-universal gaugino masses. We motivate the use of non-universal gaugino masses from several directions, including problems with the current favorite scenario, the cMSSM. We then display new corridors of parameter space that allow an acceptable dark matter relic density once gaugino mass universality is relaxed. We finish with a specific string-derived model that allows this universality relaxation and then use the dark matter constraint to make specific statements about the hidden sector of the model. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Theoret Phys Grp, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Birkedal-Hansen, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Theoret Phys Grp, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 124 BP 155 EP 158 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(03)02096-6 PG 4 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 703UE UT WOS:000184298700027 ER PT J AU Schnee, RW Abrams, D Akerib, DS Armel-Funkhouser, MS Baudis, L Bauer, DA Bolozdynya, A Brink, PL Bunker, R Cabrera, B Caldwell, DO Castle, JP Chang, CL Clarke, RM Crisler, MB Dixon, R Driscoll, D Eichblatt, S Gaitskell, RJ Golwala, SR Haller, EE Hellmig, J Holmgren, D Huber, ME Kamat, S Lu, A Mandic, V Martinis, JM Meunier, P Nam, SW Nelson, H Perera, TA Isaac, MCP Rau, W Ross, RR Saab, T Sadoulet, B Sander, J Shutt, T Smith, A Sonnenschein, AH Spadafora, AL Wang, C Yellin, S Young, BA AF Schnee, RW Abrams, D Akerib, DS Armel-Funkhouser, MS Baudis, L Bauer, DA Bolozdynya, A Brink, PL Bunker, R Cabrera, B Caldwell, DO Castle, JP Chang, CL Clarke, RM Crisler, MB Dixon, R Driscoll, D Eichblatt, S Gaitskell, RJ Golwala, SR Haller, EE Hellmig, J Holmgren, D Huber, ME Kamat, S Lu, A Mandic, V Martinis, JM Meunier, P Nam, SW Nelson, H Perera, TA Isaac, MCP Rau, W Ross, RR Saab, T Sadoulet, B Sander, J Shutt, T Smith, A Sonnenschein, AH Spadafora, AL Wang, C Yellin, S Young, BA TI Results from the 1998-1999 Runs of the Cryogenic Dark Matter Search SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International UCLA Symposium on Sources and Detection of Dark Matter and Dark Energy in the Universe CY FEB 20-22, 2002 CL MARINA DEL REY, CALIFORNIA ID WIMP SEARCH; CONSTRAINTS; LIMITS AB The Cryogenic Dark Matter Search (CDMS) uses low-temperature Ge and Si detectors to search for Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) via their elastic-scattering interaction with atomic nuclei while discriminating against interactions of background particles. CDMS data from 1998 and 1999 with a relaxed fiducial-volume cut (resulting in 15.8 kg-days exposure on Ge) are consistent with an earlier analysis with a more restrictive fiducial-volume cut. Twenty-three WIMP candidate events are observed, but these events are consistent with a background from neutrons. Resulting limits on the spin-independent WIMP-nucleon elastic-scattering cross-section are lower than those of any other experiment for WIMPs with masses between 10-70 GeV c(-2). Under the assumptions of standard WIMP interactions and a standard halo, the results are incompatible with the annual-modulation signal of DAMA at 99.99% CL in the asymptotic limit. C1 Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Phys, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Brown Univ, Dept Phys, Providence, RI 02912 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Denver, CO 80217 USA. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. Princeton Univ, Dept Phys, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Santa Clara Univ, Dept Phys, Santa Clara, CA 95053 USA. RP Schnee, RW (reprint author), Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Phys, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. RI Huber, Martin/B-3354-2011; OI Holmgren, Donald/0000-0001-6701-7737 NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 124 BP 185 EP 188 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(03)02102-9 PG 4 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 703UE UT WOS:000184298700033 ER PT J AU Dick, R Blasi, P Kolb, EW AF Dick, R Blasi, P Kolb, EW TI Ultrahigh energy cosmic rays from dark matter annihilation SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International UCLA Symposium on Sources and Detection of Dark Matter and Dark Energy in the Universe CY FEB 20-22, 2002 CL MARINA DEL REY, CA ID UNIVERSE; DECAY; BARYOGENESIS; INFLATION; SPECTRUM; BOSONS AB Annihilation of clumped superheavy dark matter provides an interesting explanation for the origin of ultrahigh energy cosmic rays. The predicted anisotropy signal provides a unique signature for this scenario. C1 Univ Saskatchewan, Dept Phys & Engn Phys, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada. Osserv Astrofis Arcetri, INAF, I-50125 Florence, Italy. NASA, Fermilab Astrophys Ctr, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Dick, R (reprint author), Univ Saskatchewan, Dept Phys & Engn Phys, 116 Sci Pl, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada. RI Dick, Rainer/H-5182-2011; Blasi, Pasquale/O-9345-2015 OI Blasi, Pasquale/0000-0003-2480-599X NR 37 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 EI 1873-3832 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 124 BP 201 EP 204 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(03)02106-6 PG 4 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 703UE UT WOS:000184298700037 ER PT J AU Aalseth, CE Adles, E Anderson, D Avignone, FT Barabash, A Bowyer, TW Brodzinski, RL Brudanin, V Champangne, A Collar, JI Doe, PJ Egorov, S Elliott, SR Farach, HA Gaitskell, R Jordan, D Jain, RK Kazkaz, K King, G Kochetov, O Konovalov, S Kouzes, R Miley, HS Palms, JM Pitts, WK Reeves, JH Robertson, RGH Rohm, R Sandukovsky, S Smith, LE Stekhanov, V Thompson, RC Tornow, W Umatov, V Warner, R Webb, J Wilkerson, JF Young, A AF Aalseth, CE Adles, E Anderson, D Avignone, FT Barabash, A Bowyer, TW Brodzinski, RL Brudanin, V Champangne, A Collar, JI Doe, PJ Egorov, S Elliott, SR Farach, HA Gaitskell, R Jordan, D Jain, RK Kazkaz, K King, G Kochetov, O Konovalov, S Kouzes, R Miley, HS Palms, JM Pitts, WK Reeves, JH Robertson, RGH Rohm, R Sandukovsky, S Smith, LE Stekhanov, V Thompson, RC Tornow, W Umatov, V Warner, R Webb, J Wilkerson, JF Young, A TI The Majorana Ge-76 double-beta decay project SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International UCLA Symposium on Sources and Detection of Dark Matter and Dark Energy in the Universe CY FEB 20-22, 2002 CL MARINA DEL REY, CALIFORNIA ID 0.1 EV RANGE; NEUTRINO MASS; SUPPRESSION; CONSERVATION; LIMITS AB The interest and relevance of next-generation 0(nu) betabeta-decay experiments is increasing. Even with nonzero neutrino mass strongly suggested by solar and atmospheric neutrino experiments sensitive to deltam(2), 0(nu) betabeta-decay experiments are still the only way to establish the Dirac or Majorana nature of neutrinos by measuring the effective electron neutrino mass, . In addition, the atmospheric neutrino oscillation experiments imply that at least one neutrino has a mass greater than about 50 meV. The Majorana Experiment expects to probe an effective neutrino mass near this critical value. Majorana is a next-generation Ge-76 double-beta decay search. It will employ 500 kg of Ge, isotopically enriched to 86% in Ce-76, in the form of similar to 200 detectors in a close-packed array. Each crystal will be electronically segmented and each segment fitted with pulse-shape analysis electronics. This combination of segmentation and pulse-shape analysis significantly improves our ability to discriminate neutrinoless double beta-decay from internal cosmogenic Ge-68 and Co-60. The half-life sensitivity is estimated to be 4.2 x 10(27) y corresponding to a range of less than or equal to 20-70 meV, depending on the nuclear matrix elements used to interpret the data. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC USA. Triangle Univ Nucl Lab, Durham, NC 27706 USA. Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. Duke Univ, Durham, NC USA. Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA. New Mexico State Univ, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RP Aalseth, CE (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI Barabash, Alexander/S-8851-2016; OI Wilkerson, John/0000-0002-0342-0217 NR 29 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 124 BP 247 EP 252 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(03)02116-9 PG 6 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 703UE UT WOS:000184298700047 ER PT J AU Hinchliffe, I AF Hinchliffe, I TI Use of taus in ATLAS SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Workshop on Tau Lepton Physics CY SEP 10-13, 2002 CL UNIV CALIFORNIA, SANTA CRUZ, SANTA CRUZ, CALIFORNIA HO UNIV CALIFORNIA, SANTA CRUZ AB At the LHC, new particles can be expected that decay to final states involving taus. Examples are given from simulations by the ATLAS experiment showing how such final states can be exploited. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Hinchliffe, I (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 123 BP 229 EP 233 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(03)02182-0 PG 5 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 700DB UT WOS:000184096400027 ER PT J AU Diwan, MV AF Diwan, MV TI Status of the MINOS experiment SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Workshop on Tau Lepton Physics CY SEP 10-13, 2002 CL UNIV CALIFORNIA, SANTA CRUZ, SANTA CRUZ, CA HO UNIV CALIFORNIA, SANTA CRUZ ID NEUTRINO OSCILLATIONS; ATMOSPHERIC NEUTRINOS; LSND EXPERIMENT AB I will present the status of the long baseline neutrino oscillation experiment MINOS at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Fermilab). I will summarize the status of the detector and beam construction, the expected event rates and sensitivity to physics, I will also comment on possible future plans to improve the performance of the experiment. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Diwan, MV (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 19 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 EI 1873-3832 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 123 BP 272 EP 278 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(03)02188-1 PG 7 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 700DB UT WOS:000184096400033 ER PT J AU Klein, SR AF Klein, SR TI Heavy nuclei, from RHIC to the cosmos SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Symposium on Very High Energy Cosmic Ray Interactions CY JUL 15-20, 2002 CL GENEVA, SWITZERLAND ID ION COLLISIONS; STRANGENESS PRODUCTION; PERIPHERAL COLLISIONS; AU COLLISIONS; COLLIDERS; FLOW AB Ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions produce a high-temperature, thermalized system that may mimic the conditions present shortly after the big bang. This writeup will given an overview of early results from the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC), and discuss what we have learned about hot, strongly interacting nuclear systems. The thermal and chemical composition of the system will be discussed, along with observables that are sensitive to the early evolution of the system. I will also discuss the implications of the RHIC results for cosmic ray air showers. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Klein, SR (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 39 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 122 BP 76 EP 85 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(03)01959-5 PG 10 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 719NT UT WOS:000185210300009 ER PT J AU Kamae, T AF Kamae, T TI GLAST Large Area Telescope - daily survey of high energy sky SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Symposium on Very High Energy Cosmic Ray Interactions CY JUL 15-20, 2002 CL GENEVA, SWITZERLAND ID TEST ENGINEERING MODEL; BEAM TEST; SILICON TRACKER AB GLAST Large Area Telescope was proposed to NASA in 1999 as a follow-up of EGRET on-board Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory by an international collaboration. The proposal has been approved as a part of the GLAST observatory mission in its capability to explore a wide range of astrophysics with 5-40 times higher sensitivity and extended energy coverage (20MeV to 300GeV) than EGRET. The instrument consists of 16 towers of e+e- pair tracker, 16 blocks of segmented electro-magnetic calorimeter, and a set of anti-coicidence plastic scintillator tiles covering the tracker towers. It will have 5-10 times larger on-axis effective area, 6 times wider field-of-view (FOV), and up to 5 times better angular resolution when compared with EGRET. The Large Area Telescope will cover about 40% of the sky above the Earth's horizon in its FOV at any given time and will scan nearly the entire Universe every orbit (similar to 90min): about 20% of Gamma-Ray Bursts will be observed from the onset of the bursts to the initial after-glow phase; all longer-lasting transients and variabilities will be detected daily at the improved sensitivity. The instrument has been prototyped twice between 1995 and 2001, designed almost to the Flight Model by the international collaboration of the US (NASA and DoE), France, Italy, Japan, and Sweden. The first prototype consisted of one tower of e+e- pair trackers, one block of segmented calorimeters and a smaller set of anticoicidence plastic scintillator tiles (Beam Test Engineering Model, BTEM), which was put into e(+), p, and gamma beams at SLAC in the winter of 1999-2000. It was subsequently modified for a balloon experiment (Balloon Flight Engineering Model, BFEM) and flown at Palestine, Texas in August 2001. Data collected in the test experiments have been analyzed and compared with predictions of computer simulation codes such as Geant4. These studies have confirmed validity of the basic design, brought up a few issues for further improvement, and gathered data on the cosmic-ray background expected in the orbit. All subsystems of GLAST-LAT are scheduled to be completed and come to SLAC in 2005 for integration. The integrated instrument will go through a set of tests before being integrated onto the spacecraft. The spacecraft will be put into a Low Earth Orbit (altitude similar to 450 - 550km) in the fall of 2006 and the LAT will begin collecting data after the commissiong phase. The astronomical gamma-ray data collected in the observation will be processed by the LAT team and archived for public use GLAST Science Support Center at Goddard Space Center in Greenbelt, Maryland. C1 Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Kamae, T (reprint author), Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 122 BP 179 EP 186 DI 10.1016/S0920-5632(03)01968-6 PG 8 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 719NT UT WOS:000185210300018 ER PT J AU Ponomarev-Stepnoi, NN Glushkov, YS Garin, VP Kompaniets, GV Nosov, VI Sanchez, RG Paternoster, RR Gary, SP AF Ponomarev-Stepnoi, NN Glushkov, YS Garin, VP Kompaniets, GV Nosov, VI Sanchez, RG Paternoster, RR Gary, SP TI Criticality and reactivity measurement method for nuclear material control and accountability SO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article AB The authors describe the criticality and reactivity measurement method (CRMM) and give results of their analysis obtained by using this method for a physical inventory of nuclear materials (NMs) on the Nartsiss critical assembly at the Russian Research Center Kurchatov Institute (RRC KI). The proposed approach is a further development of the criticality measurement method used at the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), and is a joint effort of LANL and RRC KI. A brief description is given of the Nartsiss critical assembly. Statistical control charts are used to study the reproducibility of results. The contributions of individual components to the resultant error of the proposed method are estimated. The method of quantile estimates of random errors is used in error analysis. It is shown that the CRMM has high sensitivity and may be successfully used in NM control-and accountability. C1 Kurchatov Inst, Russian Res Ctr, Moscow, Russia. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Sanchez, RG (reprint author), Kurchatov Inst, Russian Res Ctr, Moscow, Russia. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5639 J9 NUCL SCI ENG JI Nucl. Sci. Eng. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 144 IS 3 BP 191 EP 199 PG 9 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 694CG UT WOS:000183755800001 ER PT J AU Weaver, KD Herring, JS AF Weaver, KD Herring, JS TI Performance of thorium-based mixed-oxide fuels for the consumption of plutonium in current and advanced reactors SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE mixed-oxide fuel; plutonium reduction; thorium fuel AB A renewed interest in thorium-based fuels has arisen lately based on the need for proliferation resistance, longer fuel cycles, higher burnup, and improved waste form characteristics. Recent studies have been directed toward homogeneously mixed, heterogeneously mixed, and seed-and-blanket thorium-uranium oxide fuel cycles that rely on "in situ" use of the bred-in U-233. However, due to the higher initial enrichment required to achieve acceptable burnups, these fuels are encountering economic constraints. Thorium can nevertheless play a large role in the nuclear fuel cycle, particularly in the reduction of plutonium inventories. While uranium-based mixed-oxide (MOX) fuel will decrease the amount of plutonium in discharged fuel, the reduction is limited due to the breeding of more plutonium (and higher actinides) from the U-238. Here, we present calculational results and a comparison of the potential burnup of a thorium-based and uranium-based mixed-oxide fuel in a light water reactor. Although the uranium-based fuels outperformed the thorium-based fuels in achievable burnup, a depletion comparison of the initially charged plutonium (both reactor and weapons grade) showed that the thorium-based fuels outperformed the uranium-based fuels by more that a factor of 2, where > 70% of the total plutonium in the thorium-based fuel is consumed during the cycle. This is significant considering that the achievable burnups of the thorium-based fuels were 1.4 to 4.6 times less than the uranium-based fuels for similar plutonium enrichments. For equal specific burnups of similar to60 MWd/kg (i.e., using variable plutonium weight percentages to give the desired burnup), the thorium-based fuels still outperform the uranium-based fuels by more than a factor of 2, where the total plutonium consumption in a three-batch, 18-month cycle was 60 to 70%. This is fairly significant considering that 10 to 15% (by weight) more plutonium is needed in the thorium-based fuels as compared to the uranium-based fuels to achieve these burnups. Furthermore, thorium-based fuels could also be used as a strategy for reducing the amount of long-lived nuclides (including the minor actinides) and thus the radiotoxicity in spent nuclear fuel. Although the breeding of U-233 is a concern, the presence of U-232 and its daughter products (namely Tl-208) can aid in making this fuel self-protecting, and/or enough U-238 can be added to denature the fissile uranium. From these calculations, it appears that thorium-based fuel for plutonium incineration is superior when compared to uranium-based fuel and should be considered as an alternative to traditional MOX in both current and future/advanced reactor designs. RP Weaver, KD (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Adv Nucl Energy MS 3850,POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. NR 11 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5450 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 143 IS 1 BP 22 EP 36 PG 15 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 690FK UT WOS:000183536600003 ER PT J AU Zemla, A AF Zemla, A TI LGA: a method for finding 3D similarities in protein structures SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID STRUCTURE ALIGNMENT; PREDICTIONS AB We present the LGA (Local-Global Alignment) method, designed to facilitate the comparison of protein structures or fragments of protein structures in sequence dependent and sequence independent modes. The LGA structure alignment program is available as an online service at http://PredictionCenter.llnl.gov/local/lga. Data generated by LGA can be successfully used in a scoring function to rank the level of similarity between two structures and to allow structure classification when many proteins are being analyzed. LGA also allows the clustering of similar fragments of protein structures. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Zemla, A (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM adamz@llnl.gov NR 10 TC 448 Z9 459 U1 2 U2 10 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-1048 J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES JI Nucleic Acids Res. PD JUL 1 PY 2003 VL 31 IS 13 BP 3370 EP 3374 DI 10.1093/nar/gkg571 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 695LT UT WOS:000183832900022 PM 12824330 ER PT J AU Ng, E AF Ng, E TI Preconditioning 2001 - Editorial SO NUMERICAL LINEAR ALGEBRA WITH APPLICATIONS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Ng, E (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 1070-5325 J9 NUMER LINEAR ALGEBR JI Numer. Linear Algebr. Appl. PD JUL-SEP PY 2003 VL 10 IS 5-6 BP 383 EP 383 DI 10.1002/nla.319 PG 1 WC Mathematics, Applied; Mathematics SC Mathematics GA 708AJ UT WOS:000184543600001 ER PT J AU Chow, E AF Chow, E TI An unstructured multigrid method based on geometric smoothness SO NUMERICAL LINEAR ALGEBRA WITH APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Preconditioning Techniques for Large Sparse Matrix Problems CY APR 29-MAY 01, 2001 CL TAHOE CITY, CALIFORNIA SP US DOE, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Natl Energy Res Sci Comp Div, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Appl Sci Comp, Sandia Natl Labs, Comp Sci Res Inst, Univ Waterloo, Fac Math DE algebraic multigrid; finite elements AB For non-M-matrices, this paper proposes an unstructured multigrid method that only attempts to interpolate in the directions of geometric smoothness. These directions are determined by analysing samples of algebraically smooth error, e. Neighbouring grid points i and j are called smoothly coupled if e(i) and e(j) are consistently nearby in value. In addition, these differences may be used to define interpolation weights. These new ideas may be incorporated into the algebraic multigrid method. Test results show that the new method can have much lower grid and operator complexities compared to AMG, leading to lower solve timings. Published in 2003 by John Wiley Sons, Ltd. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Appl Sci Comp, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Chow, E (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Appl Sci Comp, L560,POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 13 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 1070-5325 J9 NUMER LINEAR ALGEBR JI Numer. Linear Algebr. Appl. PD JUL-SEP PY 2003 VL 10 IS 5-6 BP 401 EP 421 DI 10.1002/nla.321 PG 21 WC Mathematics, Applied; Mathematics SC Mathematics GA 708AJ UT WOS:000184543600003 ER PT J AU Cullum, JK Johnson, K Tuma, M AF Cullum, JK Johnson, K Tuma, M TI Effects of problem decomposition (partitioning) on the rate of convergence of parallel numerical algorithms SO NUMERICAL LINEAR ALGEBRA WITH APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Preconditioning Techniques for Large Sparse Matrix Problems CY APR 29-MAY 01, 2001 CL TAHOE CITY, CA SP US DOE, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Natl Energy Res Sci Comp Div, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Appl Sci Comp, Sandia Natl Labs, Comp Sci Res Inst, Univ Waterloo, Fac Math DE parallel algorithms; graph partitioning; problem decomposition; rate of convergence ID CONJUGATE-GRADIENT METHOD; IRREGULAR GRAPHS; SCHEME AB We focus on the interplay between the choice of partition (problem decomposition) and the corresponding rate of convergence of parallel numerical algorithrns. Using a specific algorithin, for which the numerics depend upon the partition, we demonstrate that the rate of convergence can depend strongly on the choice of the partition. This dependence is shown to be a function of the algorithm and of the choice of problem. Information gleaned from tests using various 2-way partitions leads to new partitions for which some degree of convergence robustness is exhibited. The incorporation of a known correction for approximate Schur complements into the original algorithm yields a modified parallel algorithm which numerical experiments indicate achieves robust convergence behaviour with respect to the choice of partition. We conclude that tests of a parallel algorithm which vary the method of partitioning can provide constructive information regarding the robustness of the algorithm and guidance for modifying the algorithm or the choice of partitioning algorithm to make the overall computations more robust. Copyright (C) 2003 John Wiley Sons, Ltd. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Boeing Co, Seattle, WA 98124 USA. Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Comp Sci, Prague 18207 8, Czech Republic. TU Liberec, Liberec, Czech Republic. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Tuma, Miroslav/A-5946-2014 OI Tuma, Miroslav/0000-0003-2808-6929 NR 31 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1070-5325 EI 1099-1506 J9 NUMER LINEAR ALGEBR JI Numer. Linear Algebr. Appl. PD JUL-SEP PY 2003 VL 10 IS 5-6 BP 445 EP 465 DI 10.1002/nla.323 PG 23 WC Mathematics, Applied; Mathematics SC Mathematics GA 708AJ UT WOS:000184543600005 ER PT J AU Giraud, L Vasquez, FG Tuminaro, RS AF Giraud, L Vasquez, FG Tuminaro, RS TI Grid transfer operators for highly variable coefficient problems in two-level non-overlapping domain decomposition methods SO NUMERICAL LINEAR ALGEBRA WITH APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Preconditioning Techniques for Large Sparse Matrix Problems CY APR 29-MAY 01, 2001 CL TAHOE CITY, CALIFORNIA SP US DOE, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Natl Energy Res Sci Comp Div, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Appl Sci Comp, Sandia Natl Labs, Comp Sci Res Inst, Univ Waterloo, Fac Math DE domain decomposition; two-level preconditioning; Schur complement; parallel distributed computing; elliptic partial differential equations; discontinuous coefficients ID ELLIPTIC PROBLEMS; 3 DIMENSIONS; PRECONDITIONERS; ALGORITHM AB We propose a robust interpolation scheme for non-overlapping two-level domain decomposition methods applied to two-dimensional elliptic problems with discontinuous coefficients. This interpolation is used to design a preconditioner closely related to the BPS scheme proposed in [Bramble et al. (Math. Comput. 1986; 47(175):103)]. Through numerical experiments, we show on structured and unstructured finite element problems that the new preconditioning scheme reduces to the BPS method on smooth problems but outperforms it on problems with discontinuous coefficients. In particular it maintains good scalable convergence behaviour even when the jumps in the coefficients are not aligned with subdomain interfaces. Copyright (C) 2003 John Wiley Sons, Ltd. C1 CERFACS, F-31057 Toulouse, France. Rice Univ, CAAM Dept, Houston, TX 77005 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA USA. RP Giraud, L (reprint author), CERFACS, 42 Av Gaspard Coriolis, F-31057 Toulouse, France. NR 20 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 1070-5325 J9 NUMER LINEAR ALGEBR JI Numer. Linear Algebr. Appl. PD JUL-SEP PY 2003 VL 10 IS 5-6 BP 467 EP 484 DI 10.1002/nla.324 PG 18 WC Mathematics, Applied; Mathematics SC Mathematics GA 708AJ UT WOS:000184543600006 ER PT J AU Raghavan, P Teranishi, K Ng, EG AF Raghavan, P Teranishi, K Ng, EG TI A latency tolerant hybrid sparse solver using incomplete Cholesky factorization SO NUMERICAL LINEAR ALGEBRA WITH APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Preconditioning Techniques for Large Sparse Matrix Problems CY APR 29-MAY 01, 2001 CL TAHOE CITY, CALIFORNIA SP US DOE, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Natl Energy Res Sci Comp Div, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Appl Sci Comp, Sandia Natl Labs, Comp Sci Res Inst, Univ Waterloo, Fac Math DE sparse matrix factorization; conjugate gradient; incomplete Cholesky; preconditioners; selective inversion ID NESTED DISSECTION; LINEAR-EQUATIONS; SYSTEMS AB Consider the solution of large sparse symmetric positive definite linear systems using the preconditioned conjugate gradient method. On sequential architectures, incomplete Cholesky factorizations provide effective preconditioning for systems from a variety of application domains, some of which may have widely differing preconditioning requirements. However, incomplete factorization based preconditioners are not considered suitable for multiprocessors. This is primarily because the triangular solution step required to apply the preconditioner (at each iteration) does not scale well due to the large latency of inter-processor communication. We propose a new approach to overcome this performance bottleneck by coupling incomplete factorization with a selective inversion scheme to replace triangular solutions by scalable matrix-vector multiplications. We discuss our algorithm, analyze its communication latency for model sparse linear systems, and provide empirical results on its performance and scalability. Copyright (C) 2003 John Wiley, Sons, Ltd. C1 Penn State Univ, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Pond Lab 308, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Pond Lab 220, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Raghavan, P (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Pond Lab 308, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. NR 36 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 1070-5325 J9 NUMER LINEAR ALGEBR JI Numer. Linear Algebr. Appl. PD JUL-SEP PY 2003 VL 10 IS 5-6 BP 541 EP 560 DI 10.1002/nla.327 PG 20 WC Mathematics, Applied; Mathematics SC Mathematics GA 708AJ UT WOS:000184543600009 ER PT J AU Dickey, FM Romero, LA Doerry, AW AF Dickey, FM Romero, LA Doerry, AW TI Window functions for imaging radar: a maximum energy approach to contiguous and notched spectrums SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE synthetic aperture radar; sidelobes; window functions; filtering; notched spectrum ID SPHEROIDAL WAVE-FUNCTIONS; FOURIER-ANALYSIS; UNCERTAINTY; FREEDOM AB Imaging systems such as synthetic aperture radar collect band-limited data from which an image of a target scene is rendered. The band-limited nature of the data generates sidelobes, or spilled energy, most evident in the neighborhood of bright point-like objects. It is generally considered desirable to minimize these sidelobes, even at the expense of some generally small increase in system bandwidth. This is accomplished by shaping the spectrum with window functions prior to inversion or transformation into an image. A window function that minimizes sidelobe energy can be constructed based on prolate spheroidal wave functions. A parametric design procedure allows doing so, even with constraints on allowable increases in system bandwidth. This approach is extended to accommodate spectral notches or holes, although the guaranteed minimum sidelobe energy can be quite high in this case. Interestingly, for a fixed bandwidth, the minimum mean-squared-error image rendering of a target scene is achieved with no windowing at all (rectangular or boxcar window). (C) 2003 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Dickey, FM (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM fmdicke@sandia.gov NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 42 IS 7 BP 2113 EP 2128 DI 10.1117/1.1578646 PG 16 WC Optics SC Optics GA 700HL UT WOS:000184106500038 ER PT J AU Acharya, BR Madsen, CK Baldwin, KW MacHarrie, RA Rogers, JA Moller, L Huang, CC Pindak, R AF Acharya, BR Madsen, CK Baldwin, KW MacHarrie, RA Rogers, JA Moller, L Huang, CC Pindak, R TI In-line liquid-crystal microcell polarimeter for high-speed polarization analysis SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MODE DISPERSION; PARAMETERS AB We report a type of high-speed microcell polarimeter that utilizes microelectrodes, liquid-crystal films, and ultrathin high-contrast polarizers, all integrated between the tips of two optical fibers. When combined with optimized nematic liquid-crystal materials, this compact (2.5 cm X 0.5 cm X 0.5 cm) device offers excellent optical properties and continuous, high-speed operation at >2 kHz with moderately low operating voltages. It requires no bulk optical elements, and it shows excellent performance when implemented for the measurement of degree of polarization in 10-Gbit/s test systems. Polarimeters based on this design have promising potential applications in polarization analysis for high-speed optical communication systems. (C) 2003 Optical Society of America. C1 Lucent Technol, Bell Labs, Murray Hill, NJ 07974 USA. Lucent Technol, Bell Labs, Holmdel, NJ 07733 USA. Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Acharya, BR (reprint author), Lucent Technol, Bell Labs, Murray Hill, NJ 07974 USA. NR 8 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD JUL 1 PY 2003 VL 28 IS 13 BP 1096 EP 1098 DI 10.1364/OL.28.001096 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 693AB UT WOS:000183691500011 PM 12879919 ER PT J AU Amestoy, PR Duff, IS L'Excellent, JY Li, XYS AF Amestoy, PR Duff, IS L'Excellent, JY Li, XYS TI Impact of the implementation of MPI point-to-point communications on the performance of two general sparse solvers SO PARALLEL COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE MPI; message passing; immediate communication primitives; direct solvers; sparse matrices AB We examine the send and receive mechanisms of MPI and show how to implement message passing robustly so that performance is not significantly affected by changes to the MPI system. We discuss this within the context of two different parallel algorithms for sparse Gaussian elimination: a multifrontal solver (MUMPS), and a supernodal one (SuperLU). The performance of our initial strategies based on simple MPI point-to-point communication primitives is very sensitive to the MPI system, particularly the way MPI buffers are used. Using nonblocking communication primitives improves the performance and robustness, but at the cost of increased code complexity. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Ecole Normale Super Lyon, INRIA Rhone Alpes, CNRS, URM 5668, F-69364 Lyon 07, France. Ecole Normale Super Lyon, CNRS, Lab Informat Parallelisme, UMR 5668, F-69364 Lyon, France. IRIT, ENSEEIHT, F-31071 Toulouse, France. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, NERSC, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. RP Amestoy, PR (reprint author), Ecole Normale Super Lyon, INRIA Rhone Alpes, CNRS, URM 5668, 46 Allee Italie, F-69364 Lyon 07, France. NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8191 J9 PARALLEL COMPUT JI Parallel Comput. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 29 IS 7 BP 833 EP 849 DI 10.1016/S0167-8191(03)00067-X PG 17 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA 698RT UT WOS:000184013100001 ER PT J AU Rangaswamy, P Beyerlein, IJ Bourke, MAM Prime, MB Saigal, AK Williams, TO AF Rangaswamy, P Beyerlein, IJ Bourke, MAM Prime, MB Saigal, AK Williams, TO TI Residual stresses in continuous-tungsten-fibre-reinforced Kanthal-matrix composites SO PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE LA English DT Article ID RIETVELD REFINEMENT; THERMOPLASTIC RESPONSE; ALUMINIDE COMPOSITES; FIBROUS COMPOSITES; THERMAL-EXPANSION; METAL; BEHAVIOR; TRANSVERSE; TENSILE; STRAINS AB Residual stresses were measured in four Kanthal matrix-continuous-tunsgten-fibre composites (with different tungsten fibre volume fractions V-f = 10, 20, 30 and 70vol.%) using neutron diffraction. Parallel to the fibres the stress in the Kanthal ranged from 40 MPa (V-f = 10vol.%) to 1100MPa (V-f = 70vol.%) compared with -1877MPa (V-f = 10vol.%) to -400 MPa (V-f = 70vol.%) for the tungsten. Perpendicular to the fibres the stress ranged from -52MPa (V-f = 10vol.%) to 620 MPa (V-f = 70vol.%) in the Kanthal compared with -778 MPa (V-f = 10vol.%) to -195 MPa (V-f = 70vol.%) in the tungsten. Assuming that the measured residual stresses were solely thermal in origin, predictions were made using concentric cylinder and finite-element models. In the absence of hardening data the assumed material behaviour was elastic-perfectly plastic and the predictions underestimated the measured stresses for all volume fractions. Nevertheless the model results were consistent with the experimental measurements. The transverse stress in the fibres is discussed in the context of the interface normal stress, which is significant to the global mechanical response. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Tufts Univ, Medford, MA 02155 USA. RP Rangaswamy, P (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Beyerlein, Irene/A-4676-2011; OI Prime, Michael/0000-0002-4098-5620 NR 89 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 7 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1478-6443 J9 PHILOS MAG JI Philos. Mag. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 83 IS 19 BP 2267 EP 2292 DI 10.1080/0141861031000104352 PG 26 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics GA 698NR UT WOS:000184006100003 ER PT J AU Qiang, JB Wang, YM Wang, DH Kramer, M Dong, CA AF Qiang, JB Wang, YM Wang, DH Kramer, M Dong, CA TI Ti-Zr-Ni bulk quasicrystals prepared by casting SO PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DIFFUSE-SCATTERING; ICOSAHEDRAL PHASES; ALLOYS; ARCS AB A broad bulk-quasicrystal-forming region, (TixZr100-x)(100-y)Ni-y (43.75 less than or equal to x less than or equal to 81.25, 17 less than or equal to y less than or equal to 23), has been identified in the Ti-Zr-Ni system, and quasicrystals can be obtained by using a conventional suction-casting method. The quasilattice constant of the icosahedral (i) phase is within the range 0.505-0.530 nm. Ti40Zr40Ni20 is the optimal composition, where nearly pure bulk quasicrystals can be obtained. With a slight deviation from this composition, Ti-Zr solid-solution phases and/or C14-type Laves phase, although minority phases, coexist with the majority i phase. Differential thermal analysis reveals that the i phase in the bulk as-cast Ti40Zr40Ni20 alloy is stable below 953 K and transforms to the C14-type Laves phase and beta-Ti-Zr solid solution at higher temperatures. C1 Dalian Univ Technol, Dept Mat Engn, State Key Lab Mat Modificat, Dalian 116024, Peoples R China. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Dept Energy, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Dong, CA (reprint author), Dalian Univ Technol, Dept Mat Engn, State Key Lab Mat Modificat, Dalian 116024, Peoples R China. NR 16 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0950-0839 J9 PHIL MAG LETT JI Philos. Mag. Lett. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 83 IS 7 BP 467 EP 472 DI 10.1080/0950083031000110298 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics GA 706NZ UT WOS:000184460900007 ER PT J AU Klaehn, JR Luther, TA Harrup, MK Stewart, FF AF Klaehn, JR Luther, TA Harrup, MK Stewart, FF TI Synthesis and characterization of mixed-substituent P-n-propyl-N-trimethylsilylphosphoranimines SO PHOSPHORUS SULFUR AND SILICON AND THE RELATED ELEMENTS LA English DT Article DE characterization; phosphines; phosphoranimines; stereocenter; synthesis ID CARBON-TETRACHLORIDE; (SILYLAMINO)PHOSPHINES; PRECURSORS; CHAINS; RINGS AB One approach to the synthesis of polyphosphazenes is the condensation polymerization of phosphoranimines. In this work, several novel P-n-propyl-N-trimethylsilylphosphoranimines have been synthesized and characterized. Modifications to the literature synthetic routes were required to obtain the precursor phosphines. The N-trimethylsilylphosphoranimines were obtained though oxidation of the phosphine with bromine and then subsequent nucleophilic displacement using lithium phenoxide. These phosphoranimines were stable for long periods of time under dry inert conditions. NMR analyses revealed complex splitting patterns beyond typical coupling due to the stereocenter at phosphorus. We report several approaches to the n-propyl containing phosphines and phosphoranimines. C1 Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Klaehn, JR (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM klaejr@inel.gov RI Klaehn, John/C-6011-2017 OI Klaehn, John/0000-0002-7077-4509 NR 20 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1042-6507 J9 PHOSPHORUS SULFUR JI Phosphorus Sulfur Silicon Relat. Elem. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 178 IS 7 BP 1587 EP 1603 DI 10.1080/10426500390213004 PG 17 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 703FP UT WOS:000184269600019 ER PT J AU Lee, WT Klose, F Yin, HQ Toperverg, BP AF Lee, WT Klose, F Yin, HQ Toperverg, BP TI Measuring lateral magnetic structures in thin films using time-of-flight polarized neutron reflectometry SO PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Workshop on Polarised Neutrons for Condensed Matter Investigations (PNCMI 2002) CY SEP 16-19, 2002 CL JULICH, GERMANY SP Forsch Szentrum Julich DE time-of-flight neutron reflectometry; off-specular scattering; specular reflection; distorted-wave born approximation; patterned magnetic arrays; lateral magnetic domains ID SCATTERING AB Polarized neutron reflectometry (PNR) has recently been applied to study lateral magnetic structures such as regular micron-sized magnetic arrays on a surface. To date, however, there is a lack of detailed accounts of the features observed in the scattered intensity map in the special case of time-of-flight (TOF) PNR. We present here preliminary measurement results on lithographically produced arrays of micron-sized rectangular permalloy magnetic bars. The measurements demonstrate the potential of the method to provide detailed structural information on a laterally patterned sample, as well as on its magnetic characteristics. The information can be obtained by analyzing the specular reflection along with three off-specular Bragg sheets. Most of the features seen experimentally can be interpreted by using simple heuristic arguments. In addition, we also present results of a study of lateral magnetic domains in an exchange-biased Co/CoO bilayer film to illustrate the capability of TOF PNR in the study of large lateral magnetic domains in the case when almost no off-specular scattering is detected. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. Forschungszentrum Julich, D-52425 Julich, Germany. Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, Gatchina 188300, Russia. RP Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM wtlee@anl.gov OI Toperverg, Boris/0000-0001-5166-7997 NR 8 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 EI 1873-2135 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD JUL PY 2003 VL 335 IS 1-4 BP 77 EP 81 DI 10.1016/S0921-4526(03)00195-9 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 695UH UT WOS:000183848400019 ER PT J AU Zsigmond, G Krist, T Mezei, F AF Zsigmond, G Krist, T Mezei, F TI Monte Carlo simulation of polarising cavities SO PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Workshop on Polarised Neutrons for Condensed Matter Investigations (PNCMI 2002) CY SEP 16-19, 2002 CL JULICH, GERMANY SP Forsch Szentrum Julich DE neutron optics; polarising cavities; Monte Carlo simulation AB High-reflectivity supermirrors allow for sophisticated neutron optical systems working with multiple reflections (for example polarising cavities and beam splitters). Polarising cavities are highly efficient broad-wavelength band-polariser systems. Beam-splitter polarising cavities, for example, yield a practically ideal separation into one spin "up". and one spin "down" neutron beam, which can supply two different instruments. This later principle was already implemented at BENSC. Monte Carlo simulations were recently done to optimise polarising cavity systems and to search for possible new applications at ESS. Wavelength-dependent polarisation intensities were computed with ESS moderators. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Hahn Meitner Inst Berlin GmbH, D-14109 Berlin, Germany. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Zsigmond, G (reprint author), Hahn Meitner Inst Berlin GmbH, Glienicker Str 100, D-14109 Berlin, Germany. NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD JUL PY 2003 VL 335 IS 1-4 BP 266 EP 269 DI 10.1016/S0921-4526(03)00253-9 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 695UH UT WOS:000183848400060 ER PT J AU Orenstein, J AF Orenstein, J TI Optical conductivity of a superfluid density wave SO PHYSICA C-SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE inhomogeneous superconductivity; optical conductivity ID MICROWAVE SURFACE IMPEDANCE; BI2SR2CACU2O8+DELTA; SUPERCONDUCTORS; CRYSTALS AB We present a calculation of the low-frequency optical conductivity of a superconductor in the presence of quenched inhomogeneity in both the superfluid and normal fluid densities. We find that inhomogeneity in the superfluid density displaces spectral weight from the condensate to a frequency range that depends critically on the spatial correlation of normal and superfluid density fluctuations. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Div Mat Sci, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Orenstein, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Div Mat Sci, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Orenstein, Joseph/I-3451-2015 NR 15 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD JUL 1 PY 2003 VL 390 IS 3 BP 243 EP 248 DI 10.1016/S0921-4534(03)00705-6 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 688XM UT WOS:000183462600009 ER PT J AU Li, X Rupich, MW Zhang, W Nguyen, N Kodenkandath, T Schoop, U Verebelyi, DT Thieme, C Jowett, M Arendt, PN Foltyn, SR Holesinger, TG Aytug, T Christen, DK Paranthaman, MP AF Li, X Rupich, MW Zhang, W Nguyen, N Kodenkandath, T Schoop, U Verebelyi, DT Thieme, C Jowett, M Arendt, PN Foltyn, SR Holesinger, TG Aytug, T Christen, DK Paranthaman, MP TI High critical current MOD ex situ YBCO films on RABiTS (TM) and MgO-IBAD templates SO PHYSICA C-SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE YBCO; MOD; RABiTS; CeO2; LaMnO3; MgO-IBAD; I-c ID YBA2CU3O7-DELTA THICK-FILMS; BUFFER LAYERS; COATED CONDUCTORS; DEPOSITION; FABRICATION; SRTIO3; Y123 AB Epitaxial YBCO films with a thickness of 0.9 mum have been deposited by ex situ conversion of a trifluoroacetate-based metal organic decomposition precursor on both RABiTS(TM) (NiW) and MgO-IBAD Hastelloy substrates. These are potential processes for fabricating second generation coated conductor wires. I-c values, at 77 K and self-field, as high as 202 and 194 A/cm-width have been achieved on the RABiTS(TM) and MgO-IBAD samples, respectively. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Amer Superconductor, Westborough, MA 01581 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Li, X (reprint author), Amer Superconductor, Westborough, MA 01581 USA. RI Paranthaman, Mariappan/N-3866-2015 OI Paranthaman, Mariappan/0000-0003-3009-8531 NR 18 TC 29 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD JUL 1 PY 2003 VL 390 IS 3 BP 249 EP 253 DI 10.1016/S0921-4534(03)00803-7 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 688XM UT WOS:000183462600010 ER PT J AU Berman, GP Borgonovi, F Lopez, GV Tsifrinovich, VI AF Berman, GP Borgonovi, F Lopez, GV Tsifrinovich, VI TI Transient dynamics in magnetic force microscopy for a single-spin measurement SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM BROWNIAN-MOTION; DECOHERENCE AB We analyze a single-spin measurement using a transient process in magnetic force microscopy which could increase the maximum operating temperature by a factor of Q (the quality factor of the cantilever) in comparison with the static Stern-Gerlach effect. We obtain an exact solution of the master equation, which confirms this result. We also discuss the conditions required to create a macroscopic quantum superposition in the cantilever. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, CNLS, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Cattolica, Dipartimento Matemat & Fis, I-25121 Brescia, Italy. INFM, Unita Brescia, I-25121 Brescia, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Univ Guadalajara, Dept Fis, SR 500, Guadalajara 44420, Jalisco, Mexico. Polytech Univ, IDS Dept, Brooklyn, NY 11201 USA. RP Berman, GP (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 11 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JUL PY 2003 VL 68 IS 1 AR 012102 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.68.012102 PG 8 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 708MP UT WOS:000184571600017 ER PT J AU Daligault, J AF Daligault, J TI Non-Hamiltonian dynamics and trajectory methods in quantum phase spaces SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID WAVE-PACKET DYNAMICS AB A Lagrangian, moving-with-the-fluid, picture in the quantum Wigner phase space is rigorously defined, introducing a state-dependent current in phase space. Contrary to its classical counterpart, the Lagrangian dynamics in quantum phase space is non-Hamiltonian and elementary phase-space volumes are not conserved. The consequences for the numerical implementation of a fluid trajectory method in quantum phase space are discussed. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Daligault, J (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, MS K-717, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 11 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JUL PY 2003 VL 68 IS 1 AR 010501 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.68.010501 PG 4 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 708MP UT WOS:000184571600004 ER PT J AU Decaux, V Jacobs, VL Beiersdorfer, P Liedahl, DA Kahn, SM AF Decaux, V Jacobs, VL Beiersdorfer, P Liedahl, DA Kahn, SM TI Modeling of high-resolution K alpha emission spectra from Fe XVIII through Fe XXIV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-IMPACT IONIZATION; SUPER-NOVA REMNANTS; BEAM ION-TRAP; CROSS-SECTIONS; SOLAR-FLARES; PLASMAS; TRANSITIONS; EQUILIBRIUM; DIAGNOSTICS; HYDROGEN AB Results for Kalpha x-ray emission from highly charged iron ions, which were obtained from a detailed and systematic spectral model, are presented in the wavelength range from 1.84 to 1.94 Angstrom. Account has been taken of the fundamental atomic radiative-emission processes associated with inner-shell electron collisional excitation, inner-shell electron collisional ionization, as well as dielectronic recombination. Particular emphasis has been directed at the identification of spectral features that can serve as diagnostics of extreme nonequilibrium or transient-ionization conditions, which can occur in stellar flares and supernova remnants, as well as in tokamak plasmas. In order to investigate the fundamental Kalpha line-formation processes that can play a dominant role under these conditions, theoretical predictions have been compared with spectral observations of the EBIT-II x-ray emission from highly charged Fe ions in the electron-beam ion trap at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. The observed spectroscopic features are found to be well represented by our theoretical calculations, validating earlier theoretical work on transient-ionization phenomena. We have identified spectral features that can serve as diagnostics of the electron density, the line-formation mechanism, and the charge-state distribution. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Phys & Adv Technol, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. USN, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, New York, NY 10027 USA. RP Decaux, V (reprint author), Novellus Syst, Surface Integr Grp, 4000 N 1st St,MS-30-1A, San Jose, CA 95134 USA. NR 27 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JUL PY 2003 VL 68 IS 1 AR 012509 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.68.012509 PG 12 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 708MP UT WOS:000184571600059 ER PT J AU Goldhaber, AS Requist, R AF Goldhaber, AS Requist, R TI Elementary Aharonov-Bohm system in three space dimensions: Quantum attraction with no classical force SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID BOUND-STATES; PHASE-FACTORS AB As a consequence of the Aharonov-Bohm effect, there is a quantum-induced attraction between a charged particle and a rigid, impenetrable hoop made from an arbitrarily thin tube containing a superconductor quantum of magnetic flux. This is remarkable because in classical physics there is no force between the two objects, and quantum-mechanical effects (associated with uncertainty-principle energy) generally are repulsive rather than attractive. For an incident spinless charged particle in a P wave (in a configuration with total angular momentum zero) we verify a resonance just above threshold using the Kohn variational principle in its S-matrix form. Even if optimistic choices of parameters describing a model system with these properties were feasible, the temperature required to observe the resonance would be far lower than has yet been attained in the laboratory. C1 SUNY Stony Brook, CN Yang Inst Theoret Phys, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Goldhaber, AS (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, CN Yang Inst Theoret Phys, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JUL PY 2003 VL 68 IS 1 AR 012109 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.68.012109 PG 7 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 708MP UT WOS:000184571600024 ER PT J AU Kanter, EP Krassig, B Southworth, SH Guillemin, R Hemmers, O Lindle, DW Wehlitz, R Amusia, MY Chernysheva, LV Martin, NLS AF Kanter, EP Krassig, B Southworth, SH Guillemin, R Hemmers, O Lindle, DW Wehlitz, R Amusia, MY Chernysheva, LV Martin, NLS TI E1-E2 interference in the vuv photoionization of He SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID PHOTOELECTRON ANGULAR-DISTRIBUTIONS; COMPLEX IONIZATION AMPLITUDES; DOUBLE-EXCITATION STATES; SUBSHELL CROSS-SECTIONS; DOUBLY-EXCITED STATES; E,2E SPECTROSCOPY; DISTRIBUTION PARAMETERS; NONDIPOLAR ASYMMETRIES; ELECTRON-IMPACT; RYDBERG SERIES AB We have measured the forward-backward asymmetry of photoelectron angular distributions produced in the vacuum ultraviolet photoionization of helium. This asymmetry, a consequence of the breakdown of the dipole approximation, measures the real part of the ratio of the quadrupole and dipole matrix elements. In the autoionization region, the strong energy dependence of the asymmetry permits an experimental separation of the ratio of those magnitudes from their phase difference. We experimentally determined the Fano parameters of the 2p(2) D-1(2) quadrupole resonance, and report improved values of the width Gamma and line profile parameter q from those previously available from electron scattering. Off resonance, the smooth energy dependence of the asymmetry is found to agree well with the theoretical treatment presented here which incorporates higher-multipole effects. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Nevada, Dept Chem, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Synchrotron Radiat, Stoughton, WI 53589 USA. Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Racah Inst Phys, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel. AF Ioffe Phys Tech Inst, St Petersburg 194021, Russia. Univ Kentucky, Dept Phys & Astron, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. RP Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Chernysheva, Larissa/E-5916-2014; Amusia, Miron/K-7726-2014 NR 49 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9926 EI 2469-9934 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JUL PY 2003 VL 68 IS 1 AR 012714 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.68.012714 PG 10 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 708MP UT WOS:000184571600073 ER PT J AU Kim, YH AF Kim, YH TI Quantum interference with beamlike type-II spontaneous parametric down-conversion SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID 2-PHOTON ENTANGLEMENT; PHOTON PAIRS; GENERATION; DISTINGUISHABILITY; BIPHOTONS; OPTICS; PUMP AB We implement experimentally methods to generate photon-number-path and polarization entangled photon pairs using "beamlike" type-II spontaneous parametric down-conversion, in which the signal-idler photon pairs are emitted as two separate circular beams with small emission angles rather than as two diverging cones. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Engn Sci Adv Res, Div Math & Comp Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Engn Sci Adv Res, Div Math & Comp Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM yokim@umbc.edu RI Kim, Yoonho/D-2591-2012 NR 32 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9926 EI 2469-9934 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JUL PY 2003 VL 68 IS 1 AR 013804 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.68.013804 PG 4 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 708MP UT WOS:000184571600116 ER PT J AU Pindzola, MS Minami, T Schultz, DR AF Pindzola, MS Minami, T Schultz, DR TI Laser-modified charge-transfer processes in proton collisions with lithium atoms SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID DEPENDENT SCHRODINGER-EQUATION; ELECTRON-CAPTURE; HYDROGEN COLLISIONS; EXCITATION; ANTIPROTONS; IONIZATION AB A time-dependent semiclassical lattice solution of the Schrodinger equation is used to calculate charge-transfer processes in proton collisions with lithium atoms. State-selective cross sections are obtained at 5-15 keV incident energy for laser excited 2psigma states aligned parallel and 2ppi states aligned perpendicular to the ion beam. State-selective cross sections are also obtained at 5 keV for 1s(2)2s ground states in which the polarization of a moderately intense pulsed laser is aligned parallel and perpendicular to the ion beam. The addition of a pulsed laser is found to have a strong effect on the charge-transfer cross sections to the n=3 excited states of hydrogen. C1 Auburn Univ, Dept Phys, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Pindzola, MS (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Dept Phys, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. NR 19 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JUL PY 2003 VL 68 IS 1 AR 013404 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.68.013404 PG 5 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 708MP UT WOS:000184571600090 ER PT J AU Wang, JL Wang, GH Zhao, JJ AF Wang, JL Wang, GH Zhao, JJ TI Nonmetal-metal transition in Zn-n (n=2-20) clusters SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID MERCURY CLUSTERS; GENETIC-ALGORITHM; PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; IONIZATION-POTENTIALS; ELECTRONIC-PROPERTIES; SIZE DEPENDENCE; TIGHT-BINDING; CD; MICROCLUSTERS; OPTIMIZATION AB By using density functional calculation with generalized gradient approximation, we have studied the structural and electronic properties of the zinc clusters. The lowest-energy structures of Zn-n (n=2-20) clusters are determined. Three kinds of growth pathways are obtained in the small zinc clusters from Zn-4 to Zn-8 and tetrahedron-based structures have favorable energy. The zinc clusters with 7-16 atoms are semiconductorlike. A structural transition from low coordination cagelike to high coordination compact structures is obtained around Zn-17. The Zn-n clusters with n=4, 7, 9, 10, 14, 18, 20 show relatively high stability, consistent with the electron shell model and mass spectra. The ionization potentials of the Zn-n clusters are calculated and compared with conducting sphere droplet model. The size evolution of zinc clusters from van der Waals to covalent and bulk metallic behavior is discussed. The Zn clusters show stronger metallicity than the Cd and Hg clusters with same size. C1 Nanjing Univ, Natl Lab Solid State Microstruct, Nanjing 210093, Peoples R China. Nanjing Univ, Dept Phys, Nanjing 210093, Peoples R China. Univ N Carolina, Dept Phys & Astron, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RP Wang, JL (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Wang, Jinlan/B-3507-2012; Wang, Jinlan/B-3503-2012; Zhao, Jijun/I-6030-2015 OI Wang, Jinlan/0000-0002-4529-874X; NR 32 TC 41 Z9 43 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JUL PY 2003 VL 68 IS 1 AR 013201 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.68.013201 PG 6 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 708MP UT WOS:000184571600086 ER PT J AU Cao, D Bridges, F Kowach, GR Ramirez, AP AF Cao, D Bridges, F Kowach, GR Ramirez, AP TI Correlated atomic motions in the negative thermal expansion material ZrW2O8: A local structure study SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ABSORPTION FINE-STRUCTURE; DENSITY-OF-STATES; SCATTERING; SPECTRA; ORIGIN AB Recent studies of zirconium tungstate, ZrW2O8, show an isotropic negative thermal expansion (NTE) over a wide temperature range. It has been proposed that the low-energy phonon vibrational modes, observed in both specific heat and phonon density-of-states measurements, are responsible for this unusual NTE. We have carried out x-ray-absorption fine-structure (XAFS) experiments at both the W L-III edge and Zr K edge to study the detailed local structure in ZrW2O8. Our XAFS results show a very small temperature dependence of the broadening parameter, sigma, for the W-Zr atom pair and the W-O-Zr linkage; consequently, the displacements of the W, O, and Zr atoms must be correlated. The data show a much larger temperature dependence of sigma for the nearest W-1-W-2 pair as well as for the nearest Zr-Zr pair. These combined results indicate that it is the correlated motion of a WO4 tetrahedron and its three nearest ZrO6 octahedra that leads to the NTE effect in this material instead of primarily transverse vibrations of the middle O atom in the W-O-Zr linkage. The data for both W-W and Zr-Zr atom pairs also indicate a hardening of the effective spring constant near 100 K, which is consistent with the shift of the lowest mode with T in the phonon density of states. A simple model is developed to explain the NTE in terms of the local structure results; it also provides a natural explanation for the lack of a soft-mode phase transition. C1 Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Agere Syst, Murray Hill, NJ 07974 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. NR 26 TC 43 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 1 PY 2003 VL 68 IS 1 AR 014303 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.014303 PG 14 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 708RN UT WOS:000184582900063 ER PT J AU Champion, JDM Harris, MJ Holdsworth, PCW Wills, AS Balakrishnan, G Bramwell, ST Cizmar, E Fennell, T Gardner, JS Lago, J McMorrow, DF Orendac, M Orendacova, A Paul, DM Smith, RI Telling, MTF Wildes, A AF Champion, JDM Harris, MJ Holdsworth, PCW Wills, AS Balakrishnan, G Bramwell, ST Cizmar, E Fennell, T Gardner, JS Lago, J McMorrow, DF Orendac, M Orendacova, A Paul, DM Smith, RI Telling, MTF Wildes, A TI Er2Ti2O7: Evidence of quantum order by disorder in a frustrated antiferromagnet SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ISING PYROCHLORE MAGNETS; KAGOME ANTIFERROMAGNET; SPIN LIQUID; DIPOLAR INTERACTIONS; LATTICE; ICE; HO2TI2O7 AB Er2Ti2O7 has been suggested to be a realization of the frustrated <111> XY pyrochlore lattice antiferromagnet, for which theory predicts fluctuation-induced symmetry breaking in a highly degenerate ground state manifold. We present a theoretical analysis of the classical model compared to neutron scattering experiments on the real material, both below and above T-N=1.173(2) K. The model correctly predicts the ordered magnetic structure, suggesting that the real system has order stabilized by zero-point quantum fluctuations that can be modeled by classical spin wave theory. However, the model fails to describe the excitations of the system, which show unusual features. C1 UCL, Dept Chem, London WC1H 0AJ, England. Rutherford Appleton Lab, ISIS Facil, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. Ecole Normale Super Lyon, Phys Lab, F-69364 Lyon, France. Inst Max Von Laue Paul Langevin, F-38042 Grenoble 9, France. Univ Warwick, Dept Phys, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. Safarik Univ, Dept Phys, Kosice 04154, Slovakia. Royal Inst Great Britain, London W1X 4BS, England. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. Riso Natl Lab, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark. RP Bramwell, ST (reprint author), UCL, Dept Chem, 20 Gordon St, London WC1H 0AJ, England. EM s.t.bramwell@ucl.ac.uk RI Wills, Andrew/C-1622-2008; McMorrow, Desmond/C-2655-2008; Gardner, Jason/A-1532-2013; Fennell, Tom/D-1912-2014; lago, jorge/G-1491-2016; Orendac, Martin/H-4923-2016; Balakrishnan, Geetha/P-5977-2016; Cizmar, Erik/R-9171-2016; Telling, Mark/F-3294-2014 OI McMorrow, Desmond/0000-0002-4947-7788; lago, jorge/0000-0002-4224-720X; Balakrishnan, Geetha/0000-0002-5890-1149; Cizmar, Erik/0000-0001-6289-110X; NR 31 TC 141 Z9 141 U1 4 U2 37 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 1 PY 2003 VL 68 IS 2 AR 020401 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.020401 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 719XC UT WOS:000185229500005 ER PT J AU Christen, HM Specht, ED Silliman, SS Harshavardhan, KS AF Christen, HM Specht, ED Silliman, SS Harshavardhan, KS TI Ferroelectric and antiferroelectric coupling in superlattices of paraelectric perovskites at room temperature SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID EPITAXIAL BATIO3/SRTIO3 SUPERLATTICES; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; KNBO3/KTAO3 SUPERLATTICES; DIELECTRIC-PROPERTIES; STRONTIUM TITANATE; X-RAY; SRTIO3; PERMITTIVITY; ENHANCEMENT; PRESSURE AB Results from dielectric and structural measurements on epitaxial SrTiO3/BaZrO3 superlattices reveal properties that cannot be explained simply in terms of those measured on single films of the constituent materials. For large superlattice periodicities (20/20 and 38/38 structures-i.e., samples in which each SrTiO3 and BaZrO3 layer are 20 or 38 unit cells thick, respectively), the capacitance-voltage curves indicate room-temperature ferroelectricity. For smaller periodicities (7/7 and 15/15), antiferroelectric-type behavior is observed, suggesting strong coupling between individual polar layers. This is consistent with recent second-harmonic generation results [A.Q. Jiang et al., J. Appl. Phys. 93, 1180 (2003)] of ordering in SrTiO3/BaTiO3 superlattices. However, both constituents of the structures investigated here are paraelectric. Strain-induced room-temperature ferroelectricity in SrTiO3 and distance-dependent coupling between these layers are proposed as mechanisms leading to the observed behavior. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Neocera Inc, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Silliman, SS (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Christen, Hans/H-6551-2013; Specht, Eliot/A-5654-2009 OI Christen, Hans/0000-0001-8187-7469; Specht, Eliot/0000-0002-3191-2163 NR 24 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 3 U2 22 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 1 PY 2003 VL 68 IS 2 AR 020101 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.020101 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 719XC UT WOS:000185229500001 ER PT J AU Chubukov, AV Abanov, A Basov, DN AF Chubukov, AV Abanov, A Basov, DN TI Differential sum rule for the relaxation rate in dirty superconductors SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID PSEUDOGAP AB We consider the differential sum rule for the effective scattering rate 1/tau(omega) and optical conductivity sigma(1)(omega) in a dirty BCS superconductor, for arbitrary ratio of the superconducting gap Delta and the normal state constant damping rate 1/tau. We show that if tau is independent of T, the area under 1/tau(omega) does not change between the normal and the superconducting states, i.e., there exists an exact differential sum rule for the scattering rate. For any value of the dimensionless parameter Deltatau, the sum rule is exhausted at frequencies controlled by Delta. We show that in the dirty limit the convergence of the differential sum rule for the scattering rate is much faster then the convergence of the f-sum rule, but slower then the convergence of the differential sum rule for conductivity. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Chubukov, AV (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA. NR 8 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 1 PY 2003 VL 68 IS 2 AR 024504 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.024504 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 719XC UT WOS:000185229500074 ER PT J AU Deb, A Mizumaki, M Muro, T Sakurai, Y Tsurkan, V AF Deb, A Mizumaki, M Muro, T Sakurai, Y Tsurkan, V TI Soft-x-ray magnetic-circular-dichroism study of the colossal-magnetoresistance spinel Fe0.5Cu0.5Cr2S4 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID CHALCOGENIDE SPINELS AB We have investigated the electronic and magnetic structure of the colossal magnetoresistive Cr-based spinel Fe0.5Cu0.5Cr2S4 employing magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) of core level absorption (x-ray absorption spectroscopy) spectra in the soft x-ray region. The results here clearly establish that Fe is in the formal trivalent state (Fe3+) in this compound, resolving previous controversies. The Cr 2p and Fe 2p x-ray absorption and MCD spectra shows that the magnetic moment of the tetrahedrally coordinated Fe3+ are aligned antiparallel to those of the octahedrally coordinated Cr3+. The observed Cu 2p MCD spectra show existence of very small magnetic moments (<0.20mu(B)) on the copper sites. The magnetic moments at the Fe and the Cr sites have been obtained based on the magneto-optical sum rules. The results are consistent with the band structure calculation based on the full potential augmented plane wave method. C1 Japan Synchroton Radiat Res Inst, Sayo, Hyogo 6795198, Japan. Acad Sci Moldava, Inst Appl Phys, MD-2028 Kishinev, Moldova. RP Deb, A (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 70-108B, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Deb, Aniruddha/H-7529-2016 OI Deb, Aniruddha/0000-0002-0331-9709 NR 18 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 1 PY 2003 VL 68 IS 1 AR 014427 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.014427 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 708RN UT WOS:000184582900092 ER PT J AU Kang, JS Kim, JH Sekiyama, A Kasai, S Suga, S Han, SW Kim, KH Choi, EJ Kimura, T Muro, T Saitoh, Y Olson, CG Shim, JH Min, BI AF Kang, JS Kim, JH Sekiyama, A Kasai, S Suga, S Han, SW Kim, KH Choi, EJ Kimura, T Muro, T Saitoh, Y Olson, CG Shim, JH Min, BI TI Resonant photoemission spectroscopy study of impurity-induced melting in Cr- and Ru-doped Nd(1/2)A(1/2)MnO(3) (A=Ca,Sr) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID PHASE-SEPARATION; MANGANITES; TRANSITION; FERROMAGNET; PARAMETERS; DIAGRAM AB Electronic structures of very dilute Cr- or Ru-doped Nd(1/2)A(1/2)MnO(3) (NAMO) (A=Ca,Sr) manganites have been investigated using the Mn and Cr 2p-->3d resonant photoemission spectroscopy (PES). All the Cr- and Ru-doped NAMO systems exhibit the clear metallic Fermi edges in the Mn e(g) spectra near E-F, consistent with their metallic ground states. The Cr 3d states with t(2g)(3) configuration are at similar to1.3 eV below E-F, and the Cr e(g) states do not participate in the formation of the band near E-F. Cr- and Ru-induced ferromagnetism and insulator-to-metal transitions can be understood based on their measured electronic structures. C1 Catholic Univ Korea, Dept Phys, Puchon 420743, South Korea. Osaka Univ, Dept Phys Mat, Grad Sch Engn Sci, Osaka 5608531, Japan. Gyeongsang Natl Univ, Dept Phys, Chinju 660701, South Korea. Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Phys, Seoul 130743, South Korea. Univ Tokyo, Dept Appl Phys, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. SPring 8, JASRI, Hyogo 6795198, Japan. SPring 8, Dept Synchrotron Radiat Res, JAERI, Hyogo 6785148, Japan. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Pohang Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, Pohang 790784, South Korea. RP Kang, JS (reprint author), Catholic Univ Korea, Dept Phys, Puchon 420743, South Korea. RI Shim, Ji Hoon/F-5375-2013; Sekiyama, Akira/G-1851-2016 NR 21 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 1 PY 2003 VL 68 IS 1 AR 012410 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.012410 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 708RN UT WOS:000184582900020 ER PT J AU Lazarovits, B Szunyogh, L Weinberger, P Ujfalussy, B AF Lazarovits, B Szunyogh, L Weinberger, P Ujfalussy, B TI Magnetic properties of finite Fe chains at fcc Cu(001) and Cu(111) surfaces SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MAGNETOCRYSTALLINE ANISOTROPY ENERGY; CIRCULAR-DICHROISM; MICROSCOPIC ORIGIN; METAL CHAINS; THIN-FILMS; NANOSTRUCTURES; MOMENT; PHASE; IRON AB We present a systematic study of the magnetic moments and magnetocrystalline anisotropy of finite monoatomic Fe-n (1less than or equal tonless than or equal to9) chains deposited along the (1 (1) over bar0) direction on top of fcc Cu(001) and Cu(111) surfaces as well as embedded into the uppermost three surface layers and into a perfect copper bulk host. The calculations are performed fully relativistically using the embedding technique within the Koninga-Kohn-Rostoker method. We focused our investigations on the effect of the interaction between the Fe atoms as well as between the Fe and host atoms on the magnetic properties of the chains. We found that the calculated spin and orbital moments in the Fe chains are systematically larger than in the corresponding monolayer. Exploring the magnetic anisotropy properties of these systems we obtained a strong out-of-plane easy axis for wires deposited both on the Cu(001) and Cu(111) surfaces, while for the embedded chains the orientation of the easy axis depends on the distance from the surface. We also found remarkable anisotropies for two different in-plane magnetic orientations: namely, for the one parallel and the other perpendicular to the chains. C1 Tech Univ Vienna, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, A-1060 Vienna, Austria. Budapest Univ Technol & Econ, Dept Theoret Phys, H-1521 Budapest, Hungary. Budapest Univ Technol & Econ, Ctr Appl Math & Computat Phys, H-1521 Budapest, Hungary. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Lazarovits, B (reprint author), Tech Univ Vienna, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Gumpendorferstr 1A, A-1060 Vienna, Austria. RI Szunyogh, Laszlo/A-7956-2010; Ujfalussy, Balazs/A-8155-2013 OI Ujfalussy, Balazs/0000-0003-3338-4699 NR 37 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 1 PY 2003 VL 68 IS 2 AR 024433 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.024433 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 719XC UT WOS:000185229500070 ER PT J AU Lee, Y Mitzi, DB Barnes, PW Vogt, T AF Lee, Y Mitzi, DB Barnes, PW Vogt, T TI Pressure-induced phase transitions and templating effect in three-dimensional organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID THERMAL-PROPERTIES; DIFFRACTION; AMORPHIZATION; CH3NH3PBBR3; NQR AB Pressure-induced structural changes of conducting halide perovskites (CH3NH3)SnI3, (CH3NH3)(0.5)(NH2CH=NH2)(0.5)SnI3, and (NH2CH=NH2)SnI3, have been investigated using synchrotron x-ray powder diffraction. In contrast to low-temperature structural changes, no evidence of an increased ordering of the organic cations was observed under pressure. Instead, increase in pressure results first in a ReO3-type doubling of the primitive cubic unit cell, followed by a symmetry distortion, and a subsequent amorphization above 4 GPa. This process is reversible and points towards a pressure-induced templating role of the organic cation. Bulk compressions are continuous across the phase boundaries. The compressibilities identify these hybrids as the most compressible perovskite system ever reported. However, the Sn-I bond compressibility in (CH3NH3)SnI3 shows a discontinuity within the supercell phase. This is possibly due to an electronic localization. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. IBM Corp, Thomas J Watson Res Ctr, Yorktown Hts, NY 10598 USA. Ohio State Univ, Dept Chem, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Lee, Y (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Mitzi, David/B-6260-2012; Vogt, Thomas /A-1562-2011; Lee, Yongjae/K-6566-2016 OI Mitzi, David/0000-0001-5189-4612; Vogt, Thomas /0000-0002-4731-2787; NR 32 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 3 U2 80 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 1 PY 2003 VL 68 IS 2 AR 020103 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.020103 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 719XC UT WOS:000185229500003 ER PT J AU Lorenz, B Cmaidalka, J Meng, RL Chu, CW AF Lorenz, B Cmaidalka, J Meng, RL Chu, CW TI Thermodynamic properties and pressure effect on the superconductivity in CaAlSi and SrAlSi SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID INTERMETALLIC COMPOUNDS; ALB2-TYPE STRUCTURE; TERNARY SILICIDES; = CA; SR; BA AB Superconductivity in the C32 compounds CaAlSi and SrAlSi is investigated by heat capacity measurements as well as high-pressure ac-susceptibility experiments. The heat capacity in the superconducting state is well explained by the BCS theory for weak (SrAlSi) and enhanced coupling strength (CaAlSi). The magnitudes of the superconducting gaps are estimated as 2.7 meV (CaAlSi) and 1.4 meV (SrAlSi). The pressure effect on the superconducting transition temperature, dlnT(c)/dp, is positive in CaAlSi (+0.026 GPa(-1)) but negative in SrAlSi (-0.024 GPa(-1)). The opposite sign of the pressure coefficients of T-c indicates distinct differences in the electronic structure and the density of states at the Fermi energy of the two compounds in agreement with recent band structure calculations. C1 Univ Houston, Dept Phys, Houston, TX 77204 USA. Univ Houston, TCSAM, Houston, TX 77204 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Hong Kong Univ Sci & Technol, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. RP Univ Houston, Dept Phys, Houston, TX 77204 USA. NR 18 TC 49 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 1 PY 2003 VL 68 IS 1 AR 014512 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.014512 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 708RN UT WOS:000184582900114 ER PT J AU Mawatari, Y Clem, JR AF Mawatari, Y Clem, JR TI Geometrical edge barriers and magnetization in superconducting strips with slits SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID FLUX-PENETRATION; CURRENTS AB We theoretically investigate the magnetic-field and current distributions for coplanar superconducting strips with slits in an applied magnetic field H-a. We consider ideal strips with no bulk pinning and calculate the hysteretic behavior of the magnetic moment m(y) as a function of H-a due solely to geometrical edge barriers. We find that the m(y)-H-a curves are strongly affected by the slits. In an ascending field, the m(y)-H-a curves exhibit kink or peak structures, because the slits prevent penetration of magnetic flux. In a descending field, m(y) becomes positive, because magnetic flux is trapped in the slits, in contrast to the behavior of a single strip without slits, for which m(y)approximate to0. C1 Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, Energy Elect Inst, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058568, Japan. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Mawatari, Y (reprint author), Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, Energy Elect Inst, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058568, Japan. NR 12 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 1 PY 2003 VL 68 IS 2 AR 024505 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.024505 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 719XC UT WOS:000185229500075 ER PT J AU Miao, J Amonette, JE Nishino, Y Ishikawa, T Hodgson, KO AF Miao, J Amonette, JE Nishino, Y Ishikawa, T Hodgson, KO TI Direct determination of the absolute electron density of nanostructured and disordered materials at sub-10-nm resolution SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; ITERATIVE ALGORITHMS; ZONE PLATES; DIFFRACTION AB We report the development of a novel experimental approach to the direct determination of the absolute electron density of nanostructured and disordered materials. By calibrating the incident coherent x-ray flux and the diffraction pattern intensity and using the oversampling method, we have directly determined the absolute electron density of a porous silica particle at similar to9-nm resolution. This general approach can be used for the quantitative characterization of nanocrystals and noncrystalline materials at nanometer or better resolution. C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. SPring 8, RIKEN, Mikazuki, Hyogo 6795148, Japan. Stanford Univ, Dept Chem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Miao, J (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. EM miao@ssrl.slac.stanford.edu RI Nishino, Yoshinori/A-9927-2008; Ishikawa, Tetsuya/I-4775-2012 OI Nishino, Yoshinori/0000-0002-7215-8013; Ishikawa, Tetsuya/0000-0002-6906-9909 NR 16 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 1 PY 2003 VL 68 IS 1 AR 012201 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.012201 PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 708RN UT WOS:000184582900006 ER PT J AU Papenbrock, T Barnes, T Dean, DJ Stoitsov, MV Strayer, MR AF Papenbrock, T Barnes, T Dean, DJ Stoitsov, MV Strayer, MR TI Density matrix renormalization group study of critical behavior of the spin-(1)/(2) alternating Heisenberg chain SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID TRANSITION AB We investigate the critical behavior of the S = 1/2 alternating Heisenberg chain using the density matrix renormalization group. The ground-state energy per spin, (e) over tilde (o), and singlet-triplet energy gap (Delta) over tilde are determined for a range of alternations delta. Our results for the approach of (e) over tilde (o) to the uniform chain limit are well described by c(deltap), with p approximate to 1.45. The singlet-triplet gap is also well described by a power law, with p approximate to 0.73, half of the eo power. The renormalization group predictions of power laws with logarithmic corrections can also accurately describe our data provided that a surprisingly large-scale parameter delta(o) is present in the logarithms. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Bulgarian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res & Nucl Energy, BU-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria. Joint Inst Heavy Ion Res, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Papenbrock, T (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. OI Papenbrock, Thomas/0000-0001-8733-2849 NR 18 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 1 PY 2003 VL 68 IS 2 AR 024416 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.024416 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 719XC UT WOS:000185229500053 ER PT J AU Park, JH Yoo, CS Iota, V Cynn, H Nicol, MF Le Bihan, T AF Park, JH Yoo, CS Iota, V Cynn, H Nicol, MF Le Bihan, T TI Crystal structure of bent carbon dioxide phase IV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID HIGH-PRESSURE PHASE; OPTICAL EVIDENCE; RUTILE-TYPE; X-RAY; GPA; TEMPERATURES; NITROGEN; METALLIZATION; TRANSITION; HYDROGEN AB The crystal structure of carbon dioxide phase IV (CO2-IV) has been characterized based on powder angle-resolved x-ray diffraction data obtained in situ at 300-750 K and 11-50 GPa. The results confirm that in this high-pressure polymorph O=C=O molecules are nonlinear. Rietveld analyses of the x-ray data yield two plausible structures: P4(1)2(1)2 (alpha-SiO2 cristobalite) and Pbcn (alpha-PbO2, post-stishovite). Carbon dioxide molecules are bent slightly more in the Pbcn phase (CL; TRANSITION; LATTICE; PHASE AB The authors report C-13 NMR and magnetization measurements on the magnetic state of oriented single crystals of the organic superconductor kappa-(BEDT-TTF)(2)Cu[N(CN)(2)]Cl. To understand these data a spin Hamiltonian based on the Pnma symmetry of the crystal is developed. When interpreted in the context of this Hamiltonian, the measurements provide a detailed picture of the spin ordering. It is found that the Dzialoshinskii-Moriya (DM) interaction is largely responsible for the details of the ordering above the spin-flop field. Of particular note, the interplane correlations are determined by the intraplane DM interactions and the direction of the applied field. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Smith, DF (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, 1110 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RI Kini, Aravinda/F-4467-2012 NR 30 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 1 PY 2003 VL 68 IS 2 AR 024512 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.024512 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 719XC UT WOS:000185229500082 ER PT J AU Stewart, DA Butler, WH Zhang, XG Los, VF AF Stewart, DA Butler, WH Zhang, XG Los, VF TI Interfacial scattering in magnetic multilayers and spin valves SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID GIANT MAGNETORESISTANCE; METALLIC MULTILAYERS; MODEL; TRANSPORT; ALLOYS; FILMS AB We consider electron transport in magnetic multilayers. In particular, we consider how electron transport is affected by disorder at the interface between two layers. Standard semiclassical approaches characterize diffusive scattering at interfaces with a specularity constant S such that S is the fraction of electrons that are specularly scattered. S is typically considered to be the same for the reflected and transmitted electron beams. Here we show for two models of interfacial disorder that (a) S is not a constant, but depends on the angle of incidence as well as the energy and the degree of interfacial disorder, and (b) S is different for reflected and transmitted electrons. The two different models that we consider are (1) random point scatterers at a planar interface between layers in a free electron approximation and (2) random substitutional disorder of atoms on atomic layers near the interface. The latter model is treated within the coherent potential approximation using the layer Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker method. The fraction of electrons scattered diffusely [1-S(k(parallel to))] is shown to have the same dependence on k(parallel to) (i.e., angle of incidence) in the free electron limit of model (2) as in model (1). Model (2) provides a realistic description of interfacial scattering that can be readily evaluated for technologically important systems such as Co-Cu. C1 Univ Virginia, Dept Phys, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. Univ Alabama, Ctr Mat Informat Technol, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. Univ Alabama, Dept Phys, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, Inst Magnetism, Phys Magnet Mat Div, UA-03142 Kiev, Ukraine. RP Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RI Stewart, Derek/B-6115-2008; OI Stewart, Derek/0000-0001-7355-2605 NR 27 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 1 PY 2003 VL 68 IS 1 AR 014433 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.014433 PG 14 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 708RN UT WOS:000184582900098 ER PT J AU Suslov, A Ketterson, JB Hinks, DG Agterberg, DF Sarma, BK AF Suslov, A Ketterson, JB Hinks, DG Agterberg, DF Sarma, BK TI H-T phase diagram of URu2Si2 in high magnetic fields SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON SUPERCONDUCTOR URU2SI2; MONOCRYSTALLINE URU2SI2; COMPOUND URU2SI2; ORDER; TRANSITION; HEAT; EXCITATIONS; SCATTERING; PRESSURE AB We have studied the ultrasonic velocity and ac susceptibility of URu2Si2 in magnetic fields up to 45 T. The resulting phase diagram reveals new phase boundaries that place strong constraints on theories of hidden order for this material. Furthermore, a significant difference between the constructed H-T phase diagram and that extracted from earlier pulsed field measurements is explained in terms of a large magnetocaloric effect. An offshoot of this analysis is that care should be taken in interpreting pulsed field measurements. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. Northwestern Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Russian Acad Sci, AF Ioffe Phys Tech Inst, St Petersburg 196140, Russia. RP Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, POB 413, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. RI Ketterson, John/B-7234-2009; Suslov, Alexey/M-7511-2014 OI Suslov, Alexey/0000-0002-2224-153X NR 32 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 1 PY 2003 VL 68 IS 2 AR 020406 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.020406 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 719XC UT WOS:000185229500010 ER PT J AU Voronin, GA Pantea, C Zerda, TW Wang, L Zhao, Y AF Voronin, GA Pantea, C Zerda, TW Wang, L Zhao, Y TI In situ x-ray diffraction study of silicon at pressures up to 15.5 GPa and temperatures up to 1073 K SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID PHASE-TRANSITIONS; METASTABLE PHASES; GERMANIUM; EQUATION; STATE; GE AB In situ x-ray diffraction measurements of silicon were conducted in the pressure range 6-15.5 GPa and at temperatures up to 1073 K. The results were used to improve the phase diagram for silicon. The pressure range where the Si-II phase is stable in the temperature interval 293-973 K was found. The positions of the Si-I-Si-II, Si-II-Si-XI, Si-XI-Si-V equilibrium lines and the Si-I-Si-II-Si-L, Si-II-Si-XI-Si-L, Si-XI-Si-V-Si-L triple points were determined. C1 Texas Christian Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ft Worth, TX 76129 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, LANSCE 12, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Inst Mineral Phys, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. RP Voronin, GA (reprint author), Texas Christian Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ft Worth, TX 76129 USA. RI Pantea, Cristian/D-4108-2009; Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012 NR 23 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 1 PY 2003 VL 68 IS 2 AR 020102 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.020102 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 719XC UT WOS:000185229500002 ER PT J AU Zheludev, A Sato, T Masuda, T Uchinokura, K Shirane, G AF Zheludev, A Sato, T Masuda, T Uchinokura, K Shirane, G TI Spin waves and the origin of commensurate magnetism in Ba2CoGe2O7 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ANISOTROPIC SUPEREXCHANGE INTERACTION; WEAK FERROMAGNETISM; RESOLUTION FUNCTION; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; BA2CUGE2O7; PHASE; FIELD; MNSI; ANTIFERROMAGNET; TRANSITION AB The square-lattice antiferromagnet Ba2CoGe2O7 is studied by means of neutron diffraction and inelastic scattering. This material is isostructural to the well-known Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya helimagnet Ba2CuGe2O7 but exhibits commensurate long-range Neel order at low temperatures. Measurements of the spin wave dispersion relation reveal strong in-plane anisotropy that is the likely reason for the suppression of helimagnetism. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tokyo, Dept Adv Mat Sci, Tokyo 1138656, Japan. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. ETH, Neutron Scattering Lab, CH-5232 Villigen, PSI, Switzerland. Paul Scherrer Inst, CH-5232 Villigen, PSI, Switzerland. RP Zheludev, A (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 28 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 26 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 1 PY 2003 VL 68 IS 2 AR 024428 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.024428 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 719XC UT WOS:000185229500065 ER PT J AU Barnes, T Swanson, ES Wong, CY Xu, XM AF Barnes, T Swanson, ES Wong, CY Xu, XM TI Dissociation cross sections of ground state and excited charmonia with light mesons in the quark model SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID SHORT-DISTANCE ANALYSIS; HEAVY-QUARK; POTENTIAL MODEL; HADRONIC MATTER; FORM-FACTORS; SCATTERING; SUPPRESSION; EXCHANGE; NUCLEAR; SYSTEMS AB We present numerical results for the dissociation cross sections of ground state, and orbitally and radially excited charmonia in collisions with light mesons. Our results are derived using the nonrelativistic quark model, so all parameters are determined by fits to the experimental meson spectrum. Examples of dissociation into both exclusive and inclusive final states are considered. The dissociation cross sections of several C = (+) charmonia may be of considerable importance for the study of heavy ion collisions, since these states are expected to be produced more copiously than J/psi. The relative importance of the productions of ground-state and orbitally excited charmed mesons in a pion-charmonium collision is demonstrated through the roots-dependent charmonium dissociation cross sections. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Barnes, T (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 48 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 EI 1089-490X J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JUL PY 2003 VL 68 IS 1 AR 014903 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.68.014903 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 709FX UT WOS:000184616100051 ER PT J AU Bhagwat, MS Pichowsky, MA Roberts, CD Tandy, PC AF Bhagwat, MS Pichowsky, MA Roberts, CD Tandy, PC TI Analysis of a quenched lattice-QCD dressed-quark propagator SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID DYSON-SCHWINGER-EQUATIONS; VANISHING GLUON PROPAGATOR; EUCLIDEAN GREENS FUNCTIONS; CHIRAL-SYMMETRY BREAKDOWN; STRONG-COUPLING-CONSTANT; QUANTUM CHROMODYNAMICS; INFRARED BEHAVIOR; CONFINEMENT; DECONFINEMENT; TEMPERATURE AB Quenched lattice-QCD data on the dressed-quark Schwinger function can be correlated with dressed-gluon data via a rainbow gap equation so long as that equation's kernel possesses enhancement at infrared momenta above that exhibited by the gluon alone. The required enhancement can be ascribed to a dressing of the quark-gluon vertex. The solutions of the rainbow gap equation exhibit dynamical chiral symmetry breaking and are consistent with confinement. The gap equation and related, symmetry-preserving ladder Bethe-Salpeter equation yield estimates for chiral and physical pion observables that suggest these quantities are materially underestimated in the quenched theory; \[(q) over barq]\ by a factor of 2 and f(pi) by 30%. C1 Kent State Univ, Dept Phys, Nucl Res Ctr, Kent, OH 44242 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Kent State Univ, Dept Phys, Nucl Res Ctr, Kent, OH 44242 USA. NR 55 TC 144 Z9 146 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JUL PY 2003 VL 68 IS 1 AR 015203 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.68.015203 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 709FX UT WOS:000184616100058 ER PT J AU Borgh, M Prakhov, S Nefkens, BMK Allgower, CE Bekrenev, V Briscoe, WJ Clajus, M Comfort, JR Craig, K Grosnick, D Isenhower, D Knecht, N Koetke, D Koulbardis, A Kozlenko, N Kruglov, S Lolos, G Lopatin, I Manley, DM Manweiler, R Marusic, A McDonald, S Olmsted, J Papandreou, Z Peaslee, D Phaisangittisakul, N Price, JW Ramirez, AF Sadler, M Shafi, A Spinka, H Stanislaus, TDS Starostin, A Staudenmaier, HM Supek, I Tippens, WB AF Borgh, M Prakhov, S Nefkens, BMK Allgower, CE Bekrenev, V Briscoe, WJ Clajus, M Comfort, JR Craig, K Grosnick, D Isenhower, D Knecht, N Koetke, D Koulbardis, A Kozlenko, N Kruglov, S Lolos, G Lopatin, I Manley, DM Manweiler, R Marusic, A McDonald, S Olmsted, J Papandreou, Z Peaslee, D Phaisangittisakul, N Price, JW Ramirez, AF Sadler, M Shafi, A Spinka, H Stanislaus, TDS Starostin, A Staudenmaier, HM Supek, I Tippens, WB CA Crystal Ball Collaboration TI Search for K(-)p ->pi(0)pi(0)pi(0)Lambda from threshold to p(K)-=750 MeV/c SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article AB The results of a search for K(-)p-->pi(0)pi(0)pi(0)Lambda (where the 3pi(0)'s are not from eta-meson decay) are presented. The data were obtained with the Crystal Ball spectrometer at eight beam momenta from 514 to 750 MeV/c. For the six beam momenta below p(K)-=714 MeV/c, no signal was found; the 90% C.L. upper limit obtained for the K(-)p-->3pi(0)Lambda total cross section sigma(t) varies between 2 and 7 mub. This small upper limit is indicative that spontaneous pi(0) emission is insignificant, since the K(-)p-->pi(0)pi(0)pi(0)Lambda threshold is at p(K)-=397 MeV/c. A signal was observed only at p(K)(-)=750 MeV/c, with sigma(t)=25+/-7 mub. These results can be explained only if triple pi(0) production goes predominantly by hyperon resonance deexcitation, K(-)p-->Sigma*-->pi(0)Lambda*. There are several candidates for the Sigma* but only one for the Lambda*, namely, the Lambda(1520)3/2(-), as the threshold for K(-)p-->pi(0)Lambda(1520) is at p(K)-=704 MeV/c. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, RU-188350 Gatchina, Russia. George Washington Univ, Washington, DC 20052 USA. Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. Valparaiso Univ, Valparaiso, IN 46383 USA. Abilene Christian Univ, Abilene, TX 79699 USA. Univ Regina, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada. Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Karlsruhe, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany. Rudjer Boskovic Inst, Zagreb 10002, Croatia. RP Borgh, M (reprint author), Lund Inst Technol, Dept Math Phys, Solvegatan 14A, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden. NR 8 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JUL PY 2003 VL 68 IS 1 AR 015206 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.68.015206 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 709FX UT WOS:000184616100061 ER PT J AU Borycki, PJ Ginocchio, J Nazarewicz, W Stoitsov, M AF Borycki, PJ Ginocchio, J Nazarewicz, W Stoitsov, M TI Nuclear wave functions for spin and pseudospin partners SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID HEAVY DEFORMED-NUCLEI; RELATIVISTIC SYMMETRY; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; NILSSON MODEL; N=82 ISOTONES; STATES; SU(3); PARAMETRIZATION; TRANSFORMATION; PSEUDO-SU(3) AB Using relations between wave functions obtained in the framework of the relativistic mean field theory, we investigate the effects of pseudospin and spin symmetry breaking on the single nucleon wave functions in spherical nuclei. In our analysis, we apply both relativistic and nonrelativistic self-consistent models as well as the harmonic oscillator model. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Warsaw Univ Technol, Inst Phys, PL-00662 Warsaw, Poland. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Warsaw, Inst Theoret Phys, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Joint Inst Heavy Ion Res, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Bulgarian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res & Nucl Energy, BU-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria. RP Borycki, PJ (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. NR 40 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JUL PY 2003 VL 68 IS 1 AR 014304 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.68.014304 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 709FX UT WOS:000184616100010 ER PT J AU Egiyan, KS Dashyan, N Sargsian, M Stepanyan, S Weinstein, LB Adams, G Ambrozewicz, P Anciant, E Anghinolfi, M Asavapibhop, B Asryan, G Audit, G Auger, T Avakian, H Bagdasaryan, H Ball, JP Barrow, S Battaglieri, M Beard, K Bedlinski, I Bektasoglu, M Bellis, M Benmouna, N Bianchi, N Biselli, AS Boiarinov, S Bonner, BE Bouchigny, S Bradford, R Branford, D Briscoe, WJ Brooks, WK Burkert, VD Butuceanu, C Calarco, JR Carman, DS Carnahan, B Cetina, C Ciciani, L Cole, PL Coleman, A Cords, D Connelly, J Corvisiero, P Crabb, D Crannell, H Cummings, JP DeSanctis, E DeVita, R Degtyarenko, PV Demirchyan, R Denizli, H Dennis, L Dharmawardane, KV Dhuga, KS Djalali, C Dodge, GE Doughty, D Dragovitsch, P Dugger, M Dytman, S Dzyubak, OP Eckhause, M Egiyan, H Elouadrhiri, L Empl, A Eugenio, P Fatemi, R Feuerbach, RJ Ficenec, J Forest, TA Funsten, H Gai, M Gavalian, G Gilad, S Gilfoyle, GP Giovanetti, KL Girard, P Gordon, CIO Griffioen, K Guidal, M Guillo, M Guo, L Gyurjyan, V Hadjidakis, C Hakobyan, RS Hardie, J Heddle, D Heimberg, P Hersman, FW Hicks, K Hicks, RS Holtrop, M Hu, J Hyde-Wright, CE Ilieva, Y Ito, MM Jenkins, D Joo, K Kelley, JH Khandaker, M Kim, DH Kim, KY Kim, K Kim, MS Kim, W Klein, A Klein, FJ Klimenko, A Klusman, M Kossov, M Kramer, LH Kuang, Y Kuhn, SE Kuhn, J Lachniet, J Laget, JM Lawrence, D Li, J Lukashin, K Manak, JJ Marchand, C Maximon, LC McAleer, S McCarthy, J McNabb, JWC Mecking, BA Mehrabyan, S Melone, JJ Mestayer, MD Meyer, CA Mikhailov, K Minehart, R Mirazita, M Miskimen, R Morand, L Morrow, SA Mozer, MU Muccifora, V Mueller, J Murphy, LY Mutchler, GS Napolitano, J Nasseripour, R Nelson, SO Niccolai, S Niculescu, G Niculescu, I Niczyporuk, BB Niyazov, RA Nozar, M O'Rielly, GV Opper, AK Osipenko, M Park, K Pasyuk, E Peterson, G Philips, SA Pivnyuk, N Pocanic, D Pogorelko, O Polli, E Pozdniakov, S Preedom, BM Price, JW Prok, Y Protopopescu, D Qin, LM Raue, BA Riccardi, G Ricco, G Ripani, M Ritchie, BG Ronchetti, F Rossi, P Rowntree, D Rubin, PD Sabatie, F Sabourov, K Salgado, C Santoro, JP Sapunenko, V Schumacher, RA Serov, VS Sharabian, YG Shaw, J Simionatto, S Skabelin, AV Smith, ES Smith, LC Sober, DI Spraker, M Stavinsky, A Stoler, P Strakovsky, I Strauch, S Strikman, M Taiuti, M Taylor, S Tedeschi, DJ Thoma, U Thompson, R Todor, L Tur, C Ungaro, M Vineyard, MF Vlassov, AV Wang, K Weisberg, A Weller, H Weygand, DP Whisnant, CS Wolin, E Wood, MH Yegneswaran, A Yun, J Zhang, B Zhao, J Zhou, Z AF Egiyan, KS Dashyan, N Sargsian, M Stepanyan, S Weinstein, LB Adams, G Ambrozewicz, P Anciant, E Anghinolfi, M Asavapibhop, B Asryan, G Audit, G Auger, T Avakian, H Bagdasaryan, H Ball, JP Barrow, S Battaglieri, M Beard, K Bedlinski, I Bektasoglu, M Bellis, M Benmouna, N Bianchi, N Biselli, AS Boiarinov, S Bonner, BE Bouchigny, S Bradford, R Branford, D Briscoe, WJ Brooks, WK Burkert, VD Butuceanu, C Calarco, JR Carman, DS Carnahan, B Cetina, C Ciciani, L Cole, PL Coleman, A Cords, D Connelly, J Corvisiero, P Crabb, D Crannell, H Cummings, JP DeSanctis, E DeVita, R Degtyarenko, PV Demirchyan, R Denizli, H Dennis, L Dharmawardane, KV Dhuga, KS Djalali, C Dodge, GE Doughty, D Dragovitsch, P Dugger, M Dytman, S Dzyubak, OP Eckhause, M Egiyan, H Elouadrhiri, L Empl, A Eugenio, P Fatemi, R Feuerbach, RJ Ficenec, J Forest, TA Funsten, H Gai, M Gavalian, G Gilad, S Gilfoyle, GP Giovanetti, KL Girard, P Gordon, CIO Griffioen, K Guidal, M Guillo, M Guo, L Gyurjyan, V Hadjidakis, C Hakobyan, RS Hardie, J Heddle, D Heimberg, P Hersman, FW Hicks, K Hicks, RS Holtrop, M Hu, J Hyde-Wright, CE Ilieva, Y Ito, MM Jenkins, D Joo, K Kelley, JH Khandaker, M Kim, DH Kim, KY Kim, K Kim, MS Kim, W Klein, A Klein, FJ Klimenko, A Klusman, M Kossov, M Kramer, LH Kuang, Y Kuhn, SE Kuhn, J Lachniet, J Laget, JM Lawrence, D Li, J Lukashin, K Manak, JJ Marchand, C Maximon, LC McAleer, S McCarthy, J McNabb, JWC Mecking, BA Mehrabyan, S Melone, JJ Mestayer, MD Meyer, CA Mikhailov, K Minehart, R Mirazita, M Miskimen, R Morand, L Morrow, SA Mozer, MU Muccifora, V Mueller, J Murphy, LY Mutchler, GS Napolitano, J Nasseripour, R Nelson, SO Niccolai, S Niculescu, G Niculescu, I Niczyporuk, BB Niyazov, RA Nozar, M O'Rielly, GV Opper, AK Osipenko, M Park, K Pasyuk, E Peterson, G Philips, SA Pivnyuk, N Pocanic, D Pogorelko, O Polli, E Pozdniakov, S Preedom, BM Price, JW Prok, Y Protopopescu, D Qin, LM Raue, BA Riccardi, G Ricco, G Ripani, M Ritchie, BG Ronchetti, F Rossi, P Rowntree, D Rubin, PD Sabatie, F Sabourov, K Salgado, C Santoro, JP Sapunenko, V Schumacher, RA Serov, VS Sharabian, YG Shaw, J Simionatto, S Skabelin, AV Smith, ES Smith, LC Sober, DI Spraker, M Stavinsky, A Stoler, P Strakovsky, I Strauch, S Strikman, M Taiuti, M Taylor, S Tedeschi, DJ Thoma, U Thompson, R Todor, L Tur, C Ungaro, M Vineyard, MF Vlassov, AV Wang, K Weisberg, A Weller, H Weygand, DP Whisnant, CS Wolin, E Wood, MH Yegneswaran, A Yun, J Zhang, B Zhao, J Zhou, Z CA CLAS Collaboration TI Observation of nuclear scaling in the A(e,e(')) reaction at x(B)> 1 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-SCATTERING; CLAS; NEUTRON; SYSTEM AB The ratios of inclusive electron scattering cross sections of He-4, C-12, and Fe-56 to He-3 have been measured for the first time. It is shown that these ratios are independent of x(B) at Q(2)>1.4 GeV2 for x(B)>1.5, where the inclusive cross section depends primarily on the high momentum components of the nuclear wave function. The observed scaling shows that the momentum distributions at high-momenta have the same shape for all nuclei and differ only by a scale factor. The observed onset of the scaling at Q(2)>1.4 GeV2 and x(B)>1.5 is consistent with the kinematical expectation that two-nucleon short range correlations (SRC) dominate the nuclear wave function at p(m)greater than or similar to300 MeV/c. The values of these ratios in the scaling region can be related to the relative probabilities of SRC in nuclei with Agreater than or equal to3. Our data, combined with calculations and other measurements of the He-3/deuterium ratio, demonstrate that for nuclei with Agreater than or equal to12 these probabilities are 4.9-5.9 times larger than in deuterium, while for He-4 it is larger by a factor of about 3.8. C1 Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Catholic Univ Amer, Washington, DC 20064 USA. CEA Saclay, Serv Phys Nucl, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Christopher Newport Univ, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Univ Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Univ Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Midlothian, Scotland. Florida Int Univ, Miami, FL 33199 USA. Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. George Washington Univ, Washington, DC 20052 USA. Univ Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Genova, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Inst Phys Nucl, F-91406 Orsay, France. Univ Bonn, Inst Strahlen & Kernphys, D-5300 Bonn, Germany. Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. James Madison Univ, Harrisonburg, VA 22807 USA. Kyungpook Natl Univ, Taegu 702701, South Korea. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA. Norfolk State Univ, Norfolk, VA 23504 USA. Ohio Univ, Athens, OH 45701 USA. Old Dominion Univ, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. Penn State Univ, State Coll, PA 16802 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Univ Roma 3, I-00146 Rome, Italy. Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Troy, NY 12180 USA. Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77005 USA. Univ Richmond, Richmond, VA 23173 USA. Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Univ Texas, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Union Coll, Schenectady, NY 12308 USA. Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. Coll William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. RP Egiyan, KS (reprint author), Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. RI Bektasoglu, Mehmet/A-2074-2012; Protopopescu, Dan/D-5645-2012; riccardi, gabriele/A-9269-2012; Brooks, William/C-8636-2013; Schumacher, Reinhard/K-6455-2013; Auger, Thierry/L-1073-2013; Meyer, Curtis/L-3488-2014; Sabatie, Franck/K-9066-2015 OI Brooks, William/0000-0001-6161-3570; Schumacher, Reinhard/0000-0002-3860-1827; Meyer, Curtis/0000-0001-7599-3973; Sabatie, Franck/0000-0001-7031-3975 NR 38 TC 80 Z9 80 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JUL PY 2003 VL 68 IS 1 AR 014313 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.68.014313 PG 10 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 709FX UT WOS:000184616100019 ER PT J AU Klein, S Vogt, R AF Klein, S Vogt, R TI Deuteron photodissociation in ultraperipheral relativistic heavy-ion on deuteron collisions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID ABSOLUTE CROSS-SECTION; PERIPHERAL COLLISIONS; PHOTODISINTEGRATION; PHOTON; FIT AB In ultraperipheral relativistic deuteron on heavy-ion collisions, a photon emitted from the heavy nucleus may dissociate the deuterium ion. We find deuterium breakup cross sections of 1.38 b for deuterium-gold collisions at a center of mass energy of 200 GeV per nucleon, as studied at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, and 2.49 b for deuterium-lead collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 6.2 TeV, as proposed for the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). This cross section includes an energy-independent 140-mb contribution from the hadronic diffractive dissociation. At the LHC, the cross section is as large as that of hadronic interactions. The estimated error is 5%. Deuteron dissociation could be used as a luminosity monitor and a "tag" for moderate impact-parameter collisions. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Klein, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 25 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JUL PY 2003 VL 68 IS 1 AR 017902 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.68.017902 PG 3 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 709FX UT WOS:000184616100074 ER PT J AU Rapp, W Koehler, PE Kappeler, F Raman, S AF Rapp, W Koehler, PE Kappeler, F Raman, S TI Mo-95(n,alpha) cross section from 1 eV to 500 keV: A test of the alpha plus nucleus optical potential used in calculating reaction rates for explosive nucleosynthesis SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID P-PROCESS; N,ALPHA MEASUREMENTS; NEUTRON RESONANCES; II SUPERNOVAE; CAPTURE; ENERGIES; MO AB We have measured the Mo-95(n,alpha) cross section in the energy range from 1 eV to 500 keV at the Oak Ridge Electron Linear Accelerator (ORELA). This work is part of a series of (n,alpha) measurements for deriving a reliable global alpha+nucleus potential, which is an essential ingredient in nuclear statistical model calculations of the reaction rates for unstable nuclei involved in explosive p-process nucleosynthesis. The Mo-95(n,alpha) rate shows a strong sensitivity to the alpha+nucleus potential used in the calculations, and therefore these new data should be very useful in obtaining an improved potential. For example, although there is a factor of 5 variation in the rate calculated using different potentials, an older model and a newer one using one of three recently proposed potentials are in good agreement with our new data. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Inst Kernphys, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany. RP Rapp, W (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, MS-6354, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM wolfgang.rapp@ik.fzk.de NR 33 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JUL PY 2003 VL 68 IS 1 AR 015802 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.68.015802 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 709FX UT WOS:000184616100065 ER PT J AU Williams, SJ Bentley, MA Warner, DD Bruce, AM Cameron, JA Carpenter, MP Fallon, P Frankland, L Gelletly, W Janssens, RVF Joss, DT O'Leary, CD Lister, CJ Poves, A Regan, PH Reiter, P Rubio, B Seweryniak, D Svensson, CE Vincent, SM AF Williams, SJ Bentley, MA Warner, DD Bruce, AM Cameron, JA Carpenter, MP Fallon, P Frankland, L Gelletly, W Janssens, RVF Joss, DT O'Leary, CD Lister, CJ Poves, A Regan, PH Reiter, P Rubio, B Seweryniak, D Svensson, CE Vincent, SM TI Anomalous Coulomb matrix elements in the f(7/2) shell SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID MIRROR NUCLEI; HIGH-SPIN; ENERGIES; CR-49; MODEL; MN-49; A=51 AB gamma decays from high-spin states in the N = Z-1 nucleus Co-53(27)26 have been identified for the first time. Level energies and Coulomb energy differences between these states and their analogs in its mirror nucleus Fe-53 have been compared with large-scale pf shell-model calculations, which offer excellent agreement. New information has been obtained on two-proton Coulomb matrix elements needed in the interpretation. These have been extracted from the data via a number of methods and are shown to exhibit an anomalous behavior for the J = 2 coupling. C1 Univ Keele, Sch Chem & Phys, Keele ST5 5BG, Staffs, England. CLRC, Daresbury Lab, Warrington WA4 4AD, Cheshire, England. Univ Brighton, Sch Engn, Brighton BN2 4GJ, E Sussex, England. McMaster Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Surrey, Sch Phys & Chem, Surrey GU2 7XH, England. Univ York, Dept Phys, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Fis Teor, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany. Univ Valencia, CSIC, E-46071 Valencia, Spain. Univ Guelph, Dept Phys, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. RP Univ Keele, Sch Chem & Phys, Keele ST5 5BG, Staffs, England. EM s.j.williams@phys.keele.ac.uk RI Yan, XinLiang/E-4156-2010; Poves, Alfredo/L-2594-2013; Rubio, Berta/M-1060-2014; Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015 OI Poves, Alfredo/0000-0001-7539-388X; Rubio, Berta/0000-0002-9149-4151; Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734 NR 16 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JUL PY 2003 VL 68 IS 1 AR 011301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.68.011301 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 709FX UT WOS:000184616100001 ER PT J AU Abdel-Rehim, A Black, D Fariborz, AH Nasri, S Schechter, J AF Abdel-Rehim, A Black, D Fariborz, AH Nasri, S Schechter, J TI Comparing the Higgs sector of electroweak theory with the scalar sector of low energy QCD SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Review ID PI-PI-SCATTERING; CHIRAL PERTURBATION-THEORY; SYMMETRY-BREAKING SECTOR; MESON Q(Q)OVER-BAR NONET; GAUGE BOSON SCATTERING; LINEAR SIGMA-MODEL; GLUON FUSION; EQUIVALENCE THEOREM; STANDARD MODEL; WEAK-INTERACTIONS AB We first review how the simple K-matrix unitarized linear SU(2) sigma model can explain the experimental data in the scalar pipi scattering channel of QCD up to about 800 MeV. Since it is just a scaled version of the minimal electroweak Higgs sector, which is often treated with the same unitarization method, we interpret the result as support for this approach in the electroweak model with scaled values of the tree-level Higgs boson mass up to at least about 2 TeV. We further note that the relevant QCD effective Lagrangian which fits the data to still higher energies using the same method involves another scalar resonance. This suggests that the method should also be applicable to corresponding beyond minimal electroweak models. Nevertheless, we note that even with one resonance, the minimal K matrix unitarized model behaves smoothly for a large bare Higgs boson mass by effectively "integrating out" the Higgs boson while preserving unitarity. With added confidence in this simple approach, we make a survey of the Higgs sector for the full range of bare Higgs boson mass. One amusing point which emerges is that the characteristic factor of the W-W fusion mechanism for Higgs boson production peaks at the bare mass of the Higgs boson, while the characteristic factor for the gluon fusion mechanism peaks near the generally lower physical mass. C1 Syracuse Univ, Dept Phys, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. SUNY Coll Technol Utica Rome, Inst Technol, Dept Math Sci, Utica, NY 13504 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Kavli Inst Theoret Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. RP Abdel-Rehim, A (reprint author), Syracuse Univ, Dept Phys, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. NR 108 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL PY 2003 VL 68 IS 1 AR 013008 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.68.013008 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 708RV UT WOS:000184583700017 ER PT J AU Acosta, D Affolder, T Akimoto, H Albrow, MG Ambrose, D Amidei, D Anikeev, K Antos, J Apollinari, G Arisawa, T Artikov, A Asakawa, T Ashmanskas, W Azfar, F Azzi-Bacchetta, P Bacchetta, N Bachacou, H Badgett, W Bailey, S de Barbaro, P Barbaro-Galtieri, A Barnes, VE Barnett, BA Baroiant, S Barone, M Bauer, G Bedeschi, F Behari, S Belforte, S Bell, WH Bellettini, G Bellinger, J Benjamin, D Bensinger, J Beretvas, A Berryhill, J Bhatti, A Binkley, M Bisello, D Bishai, M Blair, RE Blocker, C Bloom, K Blumenfeld, B Blusk, SR Bocci, A Bodek, A Bolla, G Bonushkin, Y Bortoletto, D Boudreau, J Brandl, A Bromberg, C Brozovic, M Brubaker, E Bruner, N Budagov, J Budd, HS Burkett, K Busetto, G Byrum, KL Cabrera, S Calafiura, P Campbell, M Carithers, W Carlson, J Carlsmith, D Caskey, W Castro, A Cauz, D Cerri, A Chan, AW Chang, PS Chang, PT Chapman, J Chen, C Chen, YC Cheng, MT Chertok, M Chiarelli, G Chirikov-Zorin, I Chlachidze, G Chlebana, F Christofek, L Chu, ML Chung, JY Chung, WH Chung, YS Ciobanu, CI Clark, AG Coca, M Colijn, AP Connolly, A Convery, M Conway, J Cordelli, M Cranshaw, J Culbertson, R Dagenhart, D D'Auria, S DeJongh, F Dell'Agnello, S Dell'Orso, M Demers, S Demortier, L Deninno, M Derwent, PF Devlin, T Dittmann, JR Dominguez, A Donati, S D'Onofrio, M Dorigo, T Dunietz, I Eddy, N Einsweiler, K Engels, E Erbacher, R Errede, D Errede, S Fan, Q Fang, HC Feild, RG Fernandez, JP Ferretti, C Field, RD Fiori, I Flaugher, B Flores-Castillo, LR Foster, GW Franklin, M Freeman, J Friedman, J Fukui, Y Furic, I Galeotti, S Gallas, A Gallinaro, M Gao, T Garcia-Sciveres, M Garfinkel, AF Gatti, P Gay, C Gerdes, DW Gerstein, E Giannetti, P Giolo, K Giordani, M Giromini, P Glagolev, V Glenzinski, D Gold, M Goldstein, J Gomez, G Gorelov, I Goshaw, AT Gotra, Y Goulianos, K Green, C Grim, G Grosso-Pilcher, C Guenther, M Guillian, G da Costa, JG Haas, RM Haber, C Hahn, SR Hall, C Handa, T Handler, R Happacher, F Hara, K Hardman, AD Harris, RM Hartmann, F Hatakeyama, K Hauser, J Heinrich, J Heiss, A Herndon, M Hill, C Hocker, A Hoffman, KD Hollebeek, R Holloway, L Huffman, BT Hughes, R Huston, J Huth, J Ikeda, H Incandela, J Introzzi, G Ivanov, A Iwai, J Iwata, Y James, E Jones, M Joshi, U Kambara, H Kamon, T Kaneko, T Unel, MK Karr, K Kartal, S Kasha, H Kato, Y Keaffaber, TA Kelley, K Kelly, M Kennedy, RD Kephart, R Khazins, D Kikuchi, T Kilminster, B Kim, BJ Kim, DH Kim, HS Kim, MJ Kim, SB Kim, SH Kim, YK Kirby, M Kirk, M Kirsch, L Klimenko, S Koehn, P Kondo, K Konigsberg, J Korn, A Korytov, A Kovacs, E Kroll, J Kruse, M Krutelyov, V Kuhlmann, SE Kurino, K Kuwabara, T Laasanen, AT Lai, N Lami, S Lammel, S Lancaster, J Lancaster, M Lander, R Lath, A Latino, G LeCompte, T Le, Y Lee, K Lee, SW Leone, S Lewis, JD Lindgren, M Liss, TM Liu, JB Liu, T Liu, YC Litvintsev, DO Lobban, O Lockyer, NS Loken, J Loreti, M Lucchesi, D Lukens, P Lusin, S Lyons, L Lys, J Madrak, R Maeshima, K Maksimovic, P Malferrari, L Mangano, M Manca, G Mariotti, M Martignon, G Martin, M Martin, A Martin, V Matthews, JAJ Mazzanti, P McFarland, KS McIntyre, P Menguzzato, M Menzione, A Merkel, P Mesropian, C Meyer, A Miao, T Miller, R Miller, JS Minato, H Miscetti, S Mishina, M Mitselmakher, G Miyazaki, Y Moggi, N Moore, E Moore, R Morita, Y Moulik, T Mulhearn, M Mukherjee, A Muller, T Munar, A Murat, P Murgia, S Nachtman, J Nagaslaev, V Nahn, S Nakada, H Nakano, I Napora, R Nelson, C Nelson, T Neu, C Neuberger, D Newman-Holmes, C Ngan, CYP Nigmanov, T Niu, H Nodulman, L Nomerotski, A Oh, SH Oh, YD Ohmoto, T Ohsugi, T Oishi, R Okusawa, T Olsen, J Orejudos, W Pagliarone, C Palmonari, F Paoletti, R Papadimitriou, V Partos, D Patrick, J Pauletta, G Paulini, M Pauly, T Paus, C Pellett, D Pescara, L Phillips, TJ Piacentino, G Piedra, J Pitts, KT Plunkett, R Pompos, A Pondrom, L Pope, G Pratt, T Prokoshin, F Proudfoot, J Ptohos, F Pukhov, O Punzi, G Rademacker, J Rakitine, A Ratnikov, F Reher, D Reichold, A Renton, P Ribon, A Riegler, W Rimondi, F Ristori, L Riveline, M Robertson, WJ Rodrigo, T Rolli, S Rosenson, L Roser, R Rossin, R Rott, C Roy, A Ruiz, A Safonov, A St Denis, R Sakumoto, WK Saltzberg, D Sanchez, C Sansoni, A Santi, L Sato, H Savard, P Savoy-Navarro, A Schlabach, P Schmidt, EE Schmidt, MP Schmitt, M Scodellaro, L Scott, A Scribano, A Sedov, A Seidel, S Seiya, Y Semenov, A Semeria, F Shah, T Shapiro, MD Shepard, PF Shibayama, T Shimojima, M Shochet, M Sidoti, A Siegrist, J Sill, A Sinervo, P Singh, P Slaughter, AJ Sliwa, K Snider, FD Solodsky, A Spalding, J Speer, T Spezziga, M Sphicas, P Spinella, F Spiropulu, M Spiegel, L Steele, J Stefanini, A Strologas, J Strumia, F Stuart, D Sumorok, K Suzuki, T Takano, T Takashima, R Takikawa, K Tamburello, P Tanaka, M Tannenbaum, B Tecchio, M Tesarek, RJ Teng, PK Terashi, K Tether, S Thompson, AS Thomson, E Thurman-Keup, R Tipton, P Tkaczyk, S Toback, D Tollefson, K Tollestrup, A Tonelli, D Tonnesmann, M Toyoda, H Trischuk, W de Troconiz, JF Tseng, J Tsybychev, D Turini, N Ukegawa, F Vaiciulis, T Valls, J Vataga, E Vejcik, S Velev, G Veramendi, G Vidal, R Vila, I Vilar, R Volobouev, I von der Mey, M Vucinic, D Wagner, RG Wagner, RL Wagner, W Wallace, NB Wan, Z Wang, C Wang, MJ Wang, SM Ward, B Waschke, S Watanabe, T Waters, D Watts, T Weber, M Wenzel, H Wester, WC Wicklund, AB Wicklund, E Wilkes, T Williams, HH Wilson, P Winer, BL Winn, D Wolbers, S Wolinski, D Wolinski, J Wolinski, S Worm, S Wu, X Wyss, J Yang, UK Yao, W Yeh, GP Yeh, P Yi, K Yoh, J Yosef, C Yoshida, T Yu, I Yu, S Yu, Z Yun, JC Zanetti, A Zetti, F Zucchelli, S AF Acosta, D Affolder, T Akimoto, H Albrow, MG Ambrose, D Amidei, D Anikeev, K Antos, J Apollinari, G Arisawa, T Artikov, A Asakawa, T Ashmanskas, W Azfar, F Azzi-Bacchetta, P Bacchetta, N Bachacou, H Badgett, W Bailey, S de Barbaro, P Barbaro-Galtieri, A Barnes, VE Barnett, BA Baroiant, S Barone, M Bauer, G Bedeschi, F Behari, S Belforte, S Bell, WH Bellettini, G Bellinger, J Benjamin, D Bensinger, J Beretvas, A Berryhill, J Bhatti, A Binkley, M Bisello, D Bishai, M Blair, RE Blocker, C Bloom, K Blumenfeld, B Blusk, SR Bocci, A Bodek, A Bolla, G Bonushkin, Y Bortoletto, D Boudreau, J Brandl, A Bromberg, C Brozovic, M Brubaker, E Bruner, N Budagov, J Budd, HS Burkett, K Busetto, G Byrum, KL Cabrera, S Calafiura, P Campbell, M Carithers, W Carlson, J Carlsmith, D Caskey, W Castro, A Cauz, D Cerri, A Chan, AW Chang, PS Chang, PT Chapman, J Chen, C Chen, YC Cheng, MT Chertok, M Chiarelli, G Chirikov-Zorin, I Chlachidze, G Chlebana, F Christofek, L Chu, ML Chung, JY Chung, WH Chung, YS Ciobanu, CI Clark, AG Coca, M Colijn, AP Connolly, A Convery, M Conway, J Cordelli, M Cranshaw, J Culbertson, R Dagenhart, D D'Auria, S DeJongh, F Dell'Agnello, S Dell'Orso, M Demers, S Demortier, L Deninno, M Derwent, PF Devlin, T Dittmann, JR Dominguez, A Donati, S D'Onofrio, M Dorigo, T Dunietz, I Eddy, N Einsweiler, K Engels, E Erbacher, R Errede, D Errede, S Fan, Q Fang, HC Feild, RG Fernandez, JP Ferretti, C Field, RD Fiori, I Flaugher, B Flores-Castillo, LR Foster, GW Franklin, M Freeman, J Friedman, J Fukui, Y Furic, I Galeotti, S Gallas, A Gallinaro, M Gao, T Garcia-Sciveres, M Garfinkel, AF Gatti, P Gay, C Gerdes, DW Gerstein, E Giannetti, P Giolo, K Giordani, M Giromini, P Glagolev, V Glenzinski, D Gold, M Goldstein, J Gomez, G Gorelov, I Goshaw, AT Gotra, Y Goulianos, K Green, C Grim, G Grosso-Pilcher, C Guenther, M Guillian, G da Costa, JG Haas, RM Haber, C Hahn, SR Hall, C Handa, T Handler, R Happacher, F Hara, K Hardman, AD Harris, RM Hartmann, F Hatakeyama, K Hauser, J Heinrich, J Heiss, A Herndon, M Hill, C Hocker, A Hoffman, KD Hollebeek, R Holloway, L Huffman, BT Hughes, R Huston, J Huth, J Ikeda, H Incandela, J Introzzi, G Ivanov, A Iwai, J Iwata, Y James, E Jones, M Joshi, U Kambara, H Kamon, T Kaneko, T Unel, MK Karr, K Kartal, S Kasha, H Kato, Y Keaffaber, TA Kelley, K Kelly, M Kennedy, RD Kephart, R Khazins, D Kikuchi, T Kilminster, B Kim, BJ Kim, DH Kim, HS Kim, MJ Kim, SB Kim, SH Kim, YK Kirby, M Kirk, M Kirsch, L Klimenko, S Koehn, P Kondo, K Konigsberg, J Korn, A Korytov, A Kovacs, E Kroll, J Kruse, M Krutelyov, V Kuhlmann, SE Kurino, K Kuwabara, T Laasanen, AT Lai, N Lami, S Lammel, S Lancaster, J Lancaster, M Lander, R Lath, A Latino, G LeCompte, T Le, Y Lee, K Lee, SW Leone, S Lewis, JD Lindgren, M Liss, TM Liu, JB Liu, T Liu, YC Litvintsev, DO Lobban, O Lockyer, NS Loken, J Loreti, M Lucchesi, D Lukens, P Lusin, S Lyons, L Lys, J Madrak, R Maeshima, K Maksimovic, P Malferrari, L Mangano, M Manca, G Mariotti, M Martignon, G Martin, M Martin, A Martin, V Matthews, JAJ Mazzanti, P McFarland, KS McIntyre, P Menguzzato, M Menzione, A Merkel, P Mesropian, C Meyer, A Miao, T Miller, R Miller, JS Minato, H Miscetti, S Mishina, M Mitselmakher, G Miyazaki, Y Moggi, N Moore, E Moore, R Morita, Y Moulik, T Mulhearn, M Mukherjee, A Muller, T Munar, A Murat, P Murgia, S Nachtman, J Nagaslaev, V Nahn, S Nakada, H Nakano, I Napora, R Nelson, C Nelson, T Neu, C Neuberger, D Newman-Holmes, C Ngan, CYP Nigmanov, T Niu, H Nodulman, L Nomerotski, A Oh, SH Oh, YD Ohmoto, T Ohsugi, T Oishi, R Okusawa, T Olsen, J Orejudos, W Pagliarone, C Palmonari, F Paoletti, R Papadimitriou, V Partos, D Patrick, J Pauletta, G Paulini, M Pauly, T Paus, C Pellett, D Pescara, L Phillips, TJ Piacentino, G Piedra, J Pitts, KT Plunkett, R Pompos, A Pondrom, L Pope, G Pratt, T Prokoshin, F Proudfoot, J Ptohos, F Pukhov, O Punzi, G Rademacker, J Rakitine, A Ratnikov, F Reher, D Reichold, A Renton, P Ribon, A Riegler, W Rimondi, F Ristori, L Riveline, M Robertson, WJ Rodrigo, T Rolli, S Rosenson, L Roser, R Rossin, R Rott, C Roy, A Ruiz, A Safonov, A St Denis, R Sakumoto, WK Saltzberg, D Sanchez, C Sansoni, A Santi, L Sato, H Savard, P Savoy-Navarro, A Schlabach, P Schmidt, EE Schmidt, MP Schmitt, M Scodellaro, L Scott, A Scribano, A Sedov, A Seidel, S Seiya, Y Semenov, A Semeria, F Shah, T Shapiro, MD Shepard, PF Shibayama, T Shimojima, M Shochet, M Sidoti, A Siegrist, J Sill, A Sinervo, P Singh, P Slaughter, AJ Sliwa, K Snider, FD Solodsky, A Spalding, J Speer, T Spezziga, M Sphicas, P Spinella, F Spiropulu, M Spiegel, L Steele, J Stefanini, A Strologas, J Strumia, F Stuart, D Sumorok, K Suzuki, T Takano, T Takashima, R Takikawa, K Tamburello, P Tanaka, M Tannenbaum, B Tecchio, M Tesarek, RJ Teng, PK Terashi, K Tether, S Thompson, AS Thomson, E Thurman-Keup, R Tipton, P Tkaczyk, S Toback, D Tollefson, K Tollestrup, A Tonelli, D Tonnesmann, M Toyoda, H Trischuk, W de Troconiz, JF Tseng, J Tsybychev, D Turini, N Ukegawa, F Vaiciulis, T Valls, J Vataga, E Vejcik, S Velev, G Veramendi, G Vidal, R Vila, I Vilar, R Volobouev, I von der Mey, M Vucinic, D Wagner, RG Wagner, RL Wagner, W Wallace, NB Wan, Z Wang, C Wang, MJ Wang, SM Ward, B Waschke, S Watanabe, T Waters, D Watts, T Weber, M Wenzel, H Wester, WC Wicklund, AB Wicklund, E Wilkes, T Williams, HH Wilson, P Winer, BL Winn, D Wolbers, S Wolinski, D Wolinski, J Wolinski, S Worm, S Wu, X Wyss, J Yang, UK Yao, W Yeh, GP Yeh, P Yi, K Yoh, J Yosef, C Yoshida, T Yu, I Yu, S Yu, Z Yun, JC Zanetti, A Zetti, F Zucchelli, S CA CDF Collaboration TI Momentum distribution of charged particles in jets in dijet events in p(p)over-bar collisions at root s=1.8 TeV and comparisons to perturbative QCD predictions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID SILICON VERTEX DETECTOR; GLUON JETS; QUARK JETS; E+E ANNIHILATION; FRAGMENTATION PROPERTIES; ANALYTIC PREDICTIONS; ENERGY-DEPENDENCE; PBARP COLLISIONS; E&E ANNIHILATION; HADRON SPECTRA AB Inclusive momentum distributions of charged particles in restricted cones around jet axes were measured in dijet events with invariant dijet masses in the range 80 to 600 GeV/c(2). Events were produced at the Fermilab Tevatron in p (p) over bar collisions with a center of mass energy of 1.8 TeV and recorded by the Collider Detector at Fermilab. The results were compared to perturbative QCD calculations carried out in the framework of the modified leading log approximation (MLLA) and assuming local parton-hadron duality. It was shown that the data follow theoretical predictions quite well over the whole range of the jet energies included in this analysis. We extracted the MLLA cutoff scale Q(eff) and found a value of 230+/-40 MeV. The theoretical prediction of E(jet)sin theta(c) scaling, where theta(c) is the cone opening angle, was experimentally observed for the first time. From the MLLA fits to the data, two more parameters were extracted: the ratio of parton multiplicities in gluon and quark jets, r=N-partons(g-jet)/N-partons(q-jet)=1.9+/-0.5, and the ratio of the number of charged hadrons to the number of predicted partons in a jet, K-LPHD(charged)=N-hadrons(charged)/N-partons=0.56+/-0.10. C1 Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Bologna, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. Brandeis Univ, Waltham, MA 02254 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Cantabria, CSIC, Inst Fis Cantabria, E-39005 Santander, Spain. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15218 USA. Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Joint Inst Nucl Res, RU-141980 Dubna, Russia. Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. Univ Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Hiroshima Univ, Higashihiroshima 724, Japan. Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Univ Karlsruhe, Inst Expt Kernphys, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany. Kyungpook Natl Univ, Ctr High Energy Phys, Taegu 702701, South Korea. Seoul Natl Univ, Seoul 151742, South Korea. Sungkyunkwan Univ, Suwon 440746, South Korea. High Energy Accelerator Res Org, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Osaka City Univ, Osaka 588, Japan. Univ Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. Univ Padua, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Pisa, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56100 Pisa, Italy. Scuola Normale Super Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy. Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. Rockefeller Univ, New York, NY 10021 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. Univ Toronto, Inst Particle Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. Univ Trieste Udine, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Trieste, Italy. Univ Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Tufts Univ, Medford, MA 02155 USA. Waseda Univ, Tokyo 169, Japan. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Acosta, D (reprint author), Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RI Scodellaro, Luca/K-9091-2014; Paulini, Manfred/N-7794-2014; Cabrera Urban, Susana/H-1376-2015; Introzzi, Gianluca/K-2497-2015; Lazzizzera, Ignazio/E-9678-2015; Punzi, Giovanni/J-4947-2012; messina, andrea/C-2753-2013; Gorelov, Igor/J-9010-2015; ciocci, maria agnese /I-2153-2015; Ruiz, Alberto/E-4473-2011; Chiarelli, Giorgio/E-8953-2012; Wolter, Marcin/A-7412-2012; Lancaster, Mark/C-1693-2008; Azzi, Patrizia/H-5404-2012; St.Denis, Richard/C-8997-2012; Kim, Soo-Bong/B-7061-2014; Russ, James/P-3092-2014; Annovi, Alberto/G-6028-2012; Ivanov, Andrew/A-7982-2013; De Cecco, Sandro/B-1016-2012; Robson, Aidan/G-1087-2011; Vucinic, Dejan/C-2406-2008; Nomerotski, Andrei/A-5169-2010; Prokoshin, Fedor/E-2795-2012; Gallas Torreira, Abraham Antonio/K-6508-2014; manca, giulia/I-9264-2012 OI Scodellaro, Luca/0000-0002-4974-8330; Paulini, Manfred/0000-0002-6714-5787; Introzzi, Gianluca/0000-0002-1314-2580; Lazzizzera, Ignazio/0000-0001-5092-7531; Punzi, Giovanni/0000-0002-8346-9052; Gorelov, Igor/0000-0001-5570-0133; ciocci, maria agnese /0000-0003-0002-5462; Ruiz, Alberto/0000-0002-3639-0368; Chiarelli, Giorgio/0000-0001-9851-4816; Azzi, Patrizia/0000-0002-3129-828X; Russ, James/0000-0001-9856-9155; Annovi, Alberto/0000-0002-4649-4398; Ivanov, Andrew/0000-0002-9270-5643; Prokoshin, Fedor/0000-0001-6389-5399; Gallas Torreira, Abraham Antonio/0000-0002-2745-7954; NR 65 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL PY 2003 VL 68 IS 1 AR 012003 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.68.012003 PG 19 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 708RV UT WOS:000184583700008 ER PT J AU Becher, T Melnikov, K AF Becher, T Melnikov, K TI Self-energy of improved staggered quarks SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID LATTICE GAUGE-THEORIES; PERTURBATION-THEORY AB We calculate the fermion self-energy at O(alpha(s)) for the Symanzik improved staggered fermion action used in recent lattice simulations by the MILC Collaboration. We demonstrate that the algebraic approach to lattice perturbation theory, suggested by us recently, is a powerful tool also for improved lattice actions. C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Univ Hawaii, Dept Phys & Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP Becher, T (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL PY 2003 VL 68 IS 1 AR 014506 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.68.014506 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 708RV UT WOS:000184583700046 ER PT J AU Chen, MC Mahanthappa, KT AF Chen, MC Mahanthappa, KT TI Symmetric textures in SO(10) and large mixing angle solution for solar neutrinos SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID MASSES; QUARK AB We analyze a model based on supersymmetric SO(10) combined with SU(2) family symmetry and symmetric mass matrices constructed by the authors recently. Previously, only the parameter space for the low mass, low probability and vacuum oscillation solutions was investigated. We indicate in this Brief Report the parameter space that leads to a large mixing angle solution to the solar neutrino problem with a slightly modified effective neutrino mass matrix. The symmetric mass textures arising from the left-right symmetry breaking and the SU(2) symmetry breaking give rise to very good predictions for the quark and lepton masses and mixing angles. The prediction of our model for the \U-enu3\ element in the Maki-Nakagawa-Sakata matrix is close to the sensitivity of current experiments; thus the validity of our model can be tested in the near future. We also investigate the correlation between the \U-enu3\ element and tan(2)theta. in a general two-zero neutrino mass texture. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, High Energy Theory Grp, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Chen, MC (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, High Energy Theory Grp, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 18 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL PY 2003 VL 68 IS 1 AR 017301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.68.017301 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 708RV UT WOS:000184583700065 ER PT J AU Chiang, CW Rosner, JL AF Chiang, CW Rosner, JL TI New physics contributions to the B ->phi K-S decay SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID B-MESON DECAYS; CHARGED PIONS; PSEUDOSCALARS; DIAGRAMS; KAONS AB Recent measurements of the time-dependent CP asymmetry of the B-->phiK(S) decay give results whose central values differ from standard model expectations. It is shown how such data can be used to identify new physics contributions in a model-independent manner. In general, a sizable new amplitude with nontrivial weak and strong phases would be required to explain current data. An improvement in the quality of data will allow one to form a more definite conclusion. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60440 USA. Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Chiang, CW (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60440 USA. OI Chiang, Cheng-Wei/0000-0003-1716-0169 NR 44 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL PY 2003 VL 68 IS 1 AR 014007 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.68.014007 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 708RV UT WOS:000184583700026 ER PT J AU Diwan, MV Beavis, D Chen, MC Gallardo, J Hahn, RL Kahn, S Kirk, H Marciano, W Morse, W Parsa, Z Samios, N Semertzidis, Y Viren, B Weng, W Yamin, P Yeh, M Frati, W Lande, K Mann, AK Van Berg, R Wildenhain, P Klein, JR Mocioiu, I Shrock, R McDonald, KT AF Diwan, MV Beavis, D Chen, MC Gallardo, J Hahn, RL Kahn, S Kirk, H Marciano, W Morse, W Parsa, Z Samios, N Semertzidis, Y Viren, B Weng, W Yamin, P Yeh, M Frati, W Lande, K Mann, AK Van Berg, R Wildenhain, P Klein, JR Mocioiu, I Shrock, R McDonald, KT TI Very long baseline neutrino oscillation experiments for precise measurements of mixing parameters and CP violating effects SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID SINGLE-PION-PRODUCTION; ATMOSPHERIC NEUTRINOS AB We analyze the prospects of a feasible, Brookhaven National Laboratory based, very long baseline neutrino oscillation experiment consisting of a conventional horn produced low energy wideband beam and a detector of 500 kton fiducial mass with modest requirements on event recognition and resolution. Such an experiment is intended primarily to determine CP violating effects in the neutrino sector for 3-generation mixing. We analyze the sensitivity of such an experiment. We conclude that this experiment will allow determination of the CP phase delta(CP) and the currently unknown mixing parameter theta(13), if sin(2)2theta(13)greater than or equal to0.01, a value similar to15 times lower than the present experimental upper limit. In addition to theta(13) and delta(CP), the experiment has great potential for precise measurements of most other parameters in the neutrino mixing matrix including Deltam(32)(2), sin(2)2theta(23), Deltam(21)(2)xsin 2theta(12), and the mass ordering of neutrinos through the observation of the matter effect in the nu(mu)-->nu(e) appearance channel. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Texas, Dept Phys, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Univ Arizona, Dept Phys, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, CN Yang Inst Theoret Phys, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Princeton Univ, Joseph Henry Labs, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RP Diwan, MV (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Semertzidis, Yannis K./N-1002-2013 NR 46 TC 113 Z9 114 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL PY 2003 VL 68 IS 1 AR 012002 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.68.012002 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 708RV UT WOS:000184583700007 ER PT J AU Friedland, A Lunardini, C AF Friedland, A Lunardini, C TI Neutrino flavor conversion in a neutrino background: Single- versus multi-particle description SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID EARLY UNIVERSE; OSCILLATIONS; NUCLEOSYNTHESIS; TRANSFORMATION; BOUNDS; MATTER; GASES AB In the early Universe, or near a supernova core, neutrino flavor evolution may be affected by coherent neutrino-neutrino scattering. We develop a microscopic picture of this phenomenon. We show that coherent scattering does not lead to the formation of entangled states in the neutrino ensemble and therefore the evolution of the system can always be described by a set of one-particle equations. We also show that the previously accepted formalism overcounts the neutrino interaction energy; the correct one-particle evolution equations for both active-active and active-sterile oscillations contain additional terms. These additional terms modify the index of refraction of the neutrino medium, but have no effect on oscillation physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Inst Adv Study, Sch Nat Sci, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. RP Friedland, A (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, T-8,MS B285, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 29 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL PY 2003 VL 68 IS 1 AR 013007 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.68.013007 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 708RV UT WOS:000184583700016 ER PT J AU Grossman, Y Ligeti, Z Nir, Y Quinn, H AF Grossman, Y Ligeti, Z Nir, Y Quinn, H TI SU(3) relations and the CP asymmetries in B decays to eta K-'(S), phi K-S, and K+K-KS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID AMPLITUDES; VIOLATION; PHYSICS AB We consider CP asymmetries in neutral B meson decays to eta'K-S, phiK(S), and K+K-KS. We use SU(3) relations to estimate or bound the contributions to these amplitudes proportional to V-ub*V-us. Such contributions induce a deviation of the S-f terms measured in these time dependent CP asymmetries from that measured for psiK(S). For the K+K-KS mode, we estimate the deviation to be of order 0.1. For the eta'K-S mode, we obtain an upper bound on this deviation of order 0.3. For the phiK(S) mode, we have to add a mild dynamical assumption to the SU(3) analysis due to insufficient available data, yielding an upper bound of order 0.25. These bounds may improve significantly with future data. While they are large at present compared to the usually assumed standard model contribution, they are obtained with minimal assumptions and hence provide more rigorous tests for new physics. If measurements yield \S-f-S-psiK\ that are much larger than our bounds, it would make a convincing case for new physics. C1 Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Phys, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. Univ Calif Berkeley, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Particle Phys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Phys, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. EM yuvalg@physics.technion.ac.il; zligeti@lbl.gov; yosef.nir@weizmann.ac.il; quinn@slac.stanford.edu NR 22 TC 106 Z9 107 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL PY 2003 VL 68 IS 1 AR 015004 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.68.015004 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 708RV UT WOS:000184583700051 ER PT J AU Harlander, RV Kilgore, WB AF Harlander, RV Kilgore, WB TI Higgs boson production in bottom quark fusion at next-to-next-to-leading order SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID INELASTIC STRUCTURE FUNCTIONS; MASS ANOMALOUS DIMENSION; HEAVY-QUARK; PERTURBATION-THEORY; QCD CORRECTIONS; SCATTERING; RESUMMATION; COLLISIONS; MOMENTS; NUMBER AB The total cross section for Higgs boson production in bottom-quark annihilation is evaluated at next-to-next-to-leading order in QCD. This is the first time that all terms at order alpha(s)(2) are taken into account. We find a greatly reduced scale dependence with respect to lower order results, for both the factorization and the renormalization scales. The behavior of the result is consistent with earlier determinations of the appropriate factorization scale for this process of mu(F)approximate toM(H)/4, and supports the validity of the bottom parton density approach for computing the total inclusive rate. We present precise predictions for the cross section at the Fermilab Tevatron and the CERN Large Hadron Collider. C1 CERN, Div TH, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Harlander, RV (reprint author), CERN, Div TH, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. NR 68 TC 224 Z9 224 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL PY 2003 VL 68 IS 1 AR 013001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.68.013001 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 708RV UT WOS:000184583700010 ER PT J AU Karsch, F Laermann, E Stickan, S Petreczky, P AF Karsch, F Laermann, E Stickan, S Petreczky, P TI Infinite temperature limit of meson spectral functions calculated on the lattice SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID MAXIMUM-ENTROPY ANALYSIS; FINITE-TEMPERATURE; THERMODYNAMICS; PROPAGATORS; QUARK; QCD AB We analyze the cutoff dependence of mesonic spectral functions calculated at finite temperature on Euclidean lattices with a finite temporal extent. In the infinite temperature limit we present analytic results for lattice spectral functions calculated with standard Wilson fermions as well as a truncated perfect action. We explicitly determine the influence of "Wilson doublers" on the high momentum structure of the mesonic spectral functions and show that this cutoff effect is strongly suppressed when using an improved fermion action. C1 Univ Bielefeld, Fak Phys, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Nucl Theory Grp, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Univ Bielefeld, Fak Phys, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany. NR 26 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL PY 2003 VL 68 IS 1 AR 014504 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.68.014504 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 708RV UT WOS:000184583700044 ER PT J AU Minakata, H Nunokawa, H Parke, S AF Minakata, H Nunokawa, H Parke, S TI Complementarity of eastern and western hemisphere long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiments SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID SUPERBEAM EXPERIMENTS; GRAN-SASSO; MATTER; SPECTROSCOPY; DISTANCE; BEAM; CERN; CP AB We present a general formalism for extracting information on the fundamental parameters associated with neutrino masses and mixings from two or more long baseline neutrino oscillation experiments. This formalism is then applied to the current most likely experiments using neutrino beams from the Japan Hadron Facility (JHF) and Fermilab's NuMI beamline. Different combinations of muon neutrino or muon anti-neutrino running are considered. The type of neutrino mass hierarchy is extracted using the effects of matter on neutrino propogation. Contrary to naive expectation, we find that both beams using neutrinos is more suitable for determining the hierarchy provided that the neutrino energy divided by baseline (E/L) for NuMI is smaller than or equal to that of JHF, whereas to determine the small mixing angle, theta(13), and the CP or T violating phase delta, one neutrino and the other anti-neutrino are most suitable. We make extensive use of bi-probability diagrams for both understanding and extracting the physics involved in such comparisons. C1 Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1920397, Japan. Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Fis Teor, BR-01405900 Sao Paulo, Brazil. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Dept Theoret Phys, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Minakata, H (reprint author), Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Dept Phys, 1-1 Minami Osawa, Tokyo 1920397, Japan. NR 51 TC 55 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL PY 2003 VL 68 IS 1 AR 013010 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.68.013010 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 708RV UT WOS:000184583700019 ER PT J AU Noaki, J Aoki, S Aoki, Y Burkhalter, R Ejiri, S Fukugita, M Hashimoto, S Ishizuka, N Iwasaki, Y Izubuchi, T Kanaya, K Kaneko, T Kuramashi, Y Lesk, V Nagai, KI Okawa, M Taniguchi, Y Ukawa, A Yoshie, T AF Noaki, J Aoki, S Aoki, Y Burkhalter, R Ejiri, S Fukugita, M Hashimoto, S Ishizuka, N Iwasaki, Y Izubuchi, T Kanaya, K Kaneko, T Kuramashi, Y Lesk, V Nagai, KI Okawa, M Taniguchi, Y Ukawa, A Yoshie, T CA CP-PACS Collaboration TI Calculation of nonleptonic kaon decay amplitudes from K ->pi matrix elements in quenched domain-wall QCD SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID ANOMALOUS DIMENSION MATRIX; DIRECT CP VIOLATION; TO-LEADING ORDER; LATTICE QCD; WEAK DECAYS; 4-FERMION OPERATORS; FINITE-VOLUME; QUARK MASSES; FERMIONS; DELTA-S=1 AB We explore the application of the domain wall fermion formalism of lattice QCD to calculate the K-->pipi decay amplitudes in terms of the K+-->pi(+) and K-0-->0 hadronic matrix elements through relations derived in chiral perturbation theory. Numerical simulations are carried out in quenched QCD using the domain-wall fermion action for quarks and a renormalization group-improved gauge action for gluons on a 16(3)x32x16 and 24(3)x32x16 lattice at beta = 2.6 corresponding to the lattice spacing 1/a approximate to 2 GeV. Quark loop contractions which appear in Penguin diagrams are calculated by the random noise method, and the DeltaI = 1/2 matrix elements which require subtractions with the quark loop contractions are obtained with a statistical accuracy of about 10%. We investigate the chiral properties required of the K+-->pi(+) matrix elements. Matching the lattice matrix elements to those in the continuum at mu = 1/a using the perturbative renormalization factor to one loop order, and running to the scale mu = m(c) = 1.3 GeV with the renormalization group for N-f = 3 flavors, we calculate all the matrix elements needed for the decay amplitudes. With these matrix elements, the DeltaI = 3/2 decay amplitude Re A(2) shows a good agreement with experiment after an extrapolation to the chiral limit. The DeltaI = 1/2 amplitude Re A(0), on the other hand, is about 50-60 % of the experimental one even after chiral extrapolation. In view of the insufficient enhancement of the DeltaI = 1/2 contribution, we employ the experimental values for the real parts of the decay amplitudes in our calculation of epsilon'/epsilon. The central values of our result indicate that the DeltaI = 3/2 contribution is larger than the DeltaI = 1/2 contribution so that epsilon'/epsilon is negative and has a magnitude of order 10(-4). We discuss in detail possible systematic uncertainties, which seem too large for a definite conclusion on the value of epsilon'/epsilon. C1 Univ Tsukuba, Inst Phys, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058571, Japan. Univ Tsukuba, Ctr Computat Phys, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058577, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778582, Japan. KEK, High Energy Accelerator Res Org, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. Kanazawa Univ, Inst Theoret Phys, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 9201192, Japan. RP Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Ukawa, Akira/A-6549-2011; Kuramashi, Yoshinobu /C-8637-2016 NR 69 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL PY 2003 VL 68 IS 1 AR 014501 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.68.014501 PG 36 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 708RV UT WOS:000184583700041 ER PT J AU Daligault, J Murillo, MS AF Daligault, J Murillo, MS TI Continued fraction matrix representation of response functions in multicomponent systems SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID RECURRENCE RELATIONS; DYNAMICS; PLASMAS; SCATTERING AB The continued fraction representation of response functions is developed for a set of dynamical variables. Various approximation schemes are possible in which the frequency-moment sum rules appear explicitly. This formalism is applied to light scattering in two-component strongly coupled plasmas as an illustrative example. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Daligault, J (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, MS K717, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM daligaul@lanl.gov; murillo@lanl.gov NR 22 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JUL PY 2003 VL 68 IS 1 AR 015401 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.68.015401 PN 2 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 708RK UT WOS:000184582500007 PM 12935190 ER PT J AU Hebner, GA Riley, ME Marder, BM AF Hebner, GA Riley, ME Marder, BM TI Dynamic probe of dust wakefield interactions using constrained collisions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID COULOMB CRYSTAL; PLASMA SHEATH; PARTICLES; MOLECULES; FORCES AB The magnitude and the structure of the ion-wakefield potential below a negatively charged dust particle levitated in the plasma-sheath region have been determined. Attractive and repulsive components of the interaction force were extracted from a trajectory analysis of low-energy dust collisions in a well-defined electrostatic potential, which constrained the dynamics of the collisions to be one dimensional. The peak attraction was on the order of 100 fN. The structure of the ion-wakefield-induced attractive potential was significantly different from a screened-Coulomb repulsive potential. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Hebner, GA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 20 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JUL PY 2003 VL 68 IS 1 AR 016403 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.68.016403 PN 2 PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 708RK UT WOS:000184582500071 PM 12935254 ER PT J AU Jing, CG Liu, WM Xiao, LL Gai, W Schoessow, P Wong, T AF Jing, CG Liu, WM Xiao, LL Gai, W Schoessow, P Wong, T TI Dipole-mode wakefields in dielectric-loaded rectangular waveguide accelerating structures SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID FIELDS AB By applying different symmetric boundary conditions, we found that the transverse wakefields generated by an electron bunch traveling through a partially loaded rectangular dielectric structure at an off center position can be decomposed into corresponding orthogonal longitudinal section electric (LSE) and longitudinal section magnetic (LSM) modes for guided waves as in the case of longitudinal wakefields treated previously. The wakefields are characterized using the normalized shunt impedance R/Q, a function of the geometry of the accelerating structure, for both LSE and LSM modes. A numerical example is given for an X-band waveguide structure and detailed results are given for the several leading transverse wakefield terms. The analytic results obtained are in agreement with the results from the time domain simulation tool MAFIA(R). C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. IIT, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. RP Jing, CG (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 9 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JUL PY 2003 VL 68 IS 1 AR 016502 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.68.016502 PN 2 PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 708RK UT WOS:000184582500080 PM 12935263 ER PT J AU Kum, O Hoover, WG Hoover, CG AF Kum, O Hoover, WG Hoover, CG TI Smooth-particle boundary conditions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID SIMULATIONS; MECHANICS AB We study the relative usefulness of static and dynamic boundary conditions as a function of system dimensionality. In one space dimension, dynamic boundaries, with the temperatures and velocities of external mirror-image boundary particles linked directly to temperatures and velocities of interior particles, perform qualitatively better than the simpler static-mirror-image boundary condition with fixed boundary temperatures and velocities. In one space dimension, the Euler-Maclaurin sum formula shows that heat-flux errors with dynamic temperature boundaries vary as h(-4), where h is the range of the smooth-particle weight function w(r0.04 a(p)) and the fast ion velocity is much greater than the Alfven speed (V (fi)>2 V Alfven). This regime of large Larmor radius and low Alfven speed is a regime in which fast ion driven instabilities are potentially virulent. It is therefore an important goal of the present proof-of-principle spherical tokamaks to evaluate the role of fast ion driven instabilities in fast ion confinement. This paper presents the first observations of fast ion losses in a spherical tokamak resulting from energetic particle driven modes. Two classes of instabilities are responsible for the losses. Multiple, simultaneously bursting modes in the toroidal Alfven eigenmode frequency gap cause neutron drops of up to 15%. A bursting, chirping mode identified as precession and/or bounce resonance fishbone also causes significant neutron drops. Both modes are usually present when the losses are observed. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RP Fredrickson, ED (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RI White, Roscoe/D-1773-2013; Cheng, Chio/K-1005-2014; Stutman, Dan/P-4048-2015; OI White, Roscoe/0000-0002-4239-2685; Menard, Jonathan/0000-0003-1292-3286 NR 61 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD JUL PY 2003 VL 10 IS 7 BP 2852 EP 2862 DI 10.1063/1.1579493 PG 11 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 691BT UT WOS:000183585500027 ER PT J AU Bourdelle, C Dorland, W Garbet, X Hammett, GW Kotschenreuther, M Rewoldt, G Synakowski, EJ AF Bourdelle, C Dorland, W Garbet, X Hammett, GW Kotschenreuther, M Rewoldt, G Synakowski, EJ TI Stabilizing impact of high gradient of beta on microturbulence SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID TRANSPORT BARRIER; ASPECT-RATIO; TORE-SUPRA; TOKAMAKS; PLASMAS; SIMULATIONS; MODES; SHEAR AB It is shown here that microturbulence can be stabilized in the presence of steep temperature and density profiles. Indeed in high beta plasmas, pressure profile gradients are associated with high \beta'\ = -partial derivativebeta/partial derivativerho, where beta = P/(B-2/2 mu(0)) and rho the square root of the toroidal flux normalized to its edge value. It is shown here that high values of \beta'\ have a stabilizing influence on drift modes. This may form the basis for a positive feedback loop in which high core beta values lead to improved confinement, and to further increase in beta. A gyrokinetic electromagnetic flux tube code, GS2 [M. Kotschenreuther, G. Rewoldt, and W. M. Tang, Comput. Phys. Commun. 88, 128 (1995)], is used for analyzing the microstability. In high beta spherical tokamak plasmas, high \beta'\ rather than low aspect ratio is a source of stabilization. Therefore, the effect of high \beta'\ should be stabilizing in the plasmas of the National Spherical Torus Experiment [Y.-K. Peng, M. G. Bell, R. E. Bell et al., Phys. Plasmas 7, 1681 (2000)]. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 CEA Cadarache, Assoc Euratom, DSM, DRFC, F-13108 St Paul Les Durance, France. Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Univ Texas, Inst Fus Studies, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Bourdelle, C (reprint author), CEA Cadarache, Assoc Euratom, DSM, DRFC, F-13108 St Paul Les Durance, France. RI Hammett, Gregory/D-1365-2011; Dorland, William/B-4403-2009 OI Hammett, Gregory/0000-0003-1495-6647; Dorland, William/0000-0003-2915-724X NR 23 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 3 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD JUL PY 2003 VL 10 IS 7 BP 2881 EP 2887 DI 10.1063/1.1585032 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 691BT UT WOS:000183585500030 ER PT J AU Stallard, BW Hooper, EB Woodruff, S Bulmer, RH Hill, DN McLean, HS Wood, RD AF Stallard, BW Hooper, EB Woodruff, S Bulmer, RH Hill, DN McLean, HS Wood, RD CA SSPX Team TI Magnetic helicity balance in the sustained Spheromak Plasma Experiment SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID CURRENT DRIVE; SPHEX SPHEROMAK; RELAXATION; CONSERVATION; INJECTION; FIELDS AB The magnetic helicity balance between the helicity input injected by a magnetized coaxial gun, the rate-of-change in plasma helicity content, and helicity dissipation in electrode sheaths and Ohmic losses have been examined in the Sustained Spheromak Plasma Experiment (SSPX) [E. B. Hooper, L. D. Pearlstein, and R. H. Bulmer, Nucl. Fusion 39, 863 (1999)]. Helicity is treated as a flux function in the mean-field approximation, allowing separation of helicity drive and losses between closed and open field volumes. For nearly sustained spheromak plasmas with low fluctuations, helicity balance analysis implies a decreasing transport of helicity from the gun input into the spheromak core at higher spheromak electron temperature. Long pulse discharges with continuously increasing helicity and larger fluctuations show higher helicity coupling from the edge to the spheromak core. The magnitude of the sheath voltage drop, inferred from cathode heating and a current threshold dependence of the gun voltage, shows that sheath losses are important and reduce the helicity injection efficiency in SSPX. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Stallard, BW (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 32 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD JUL PY 2003 VL 10 IS 7 BP 2912 EP 2924 DI 10.1063/1.1580121 PG 13 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 691BT UT WOS:000183585500033 ER PT J AU Colvin, JD Ault, ER King, WE Zimmerman, IH AF Colvin, JD Ault, ER King, WE Zimmerman, IH TI Computational model for a low-temperature laser-plasma driver for shock-processing of metals and comparison to experimental data SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID WAVES; PULSES AB Few-joule table-top lasers can generate pressures up to the 100 kbar range in solid materials by propagating a low-intensity beam through a transparent dielectric, which confines the ablation pressure, onto an ablation layer in contact with the material of interest. This technique has application in studies of material dynamic behavior and material processing. Development and application of physically based models of this process have lagged experiment. In this article the particulars of a detailed computational model incorporated into a two-dimensional radiation-hydrodynamics code are presented. The model accounts for the initial absorption onto a metal surface, low-intensity photoionization absorption in neutral vapor, collisional ionization, recombination, dielectric breakdown, band gap collapse, electron conductivity, thermal transport, and constitutive properties of the materials. The model shows that most of the laser energy is absorbed in the dielectric tamper, not the ablator. Good agreement is found between simulated and measured pressure histories for materials irradiated with several tens of joules using a single-beam neodymium-glass laser at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Colvin, JD (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 19 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD JUL PY 2003 VL 10 IS 7 BP 2940 EP 2947 DI 10.1063/1.1581285 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 691BT UT WOS:000183585500036 ER PT J AU Kirkwood, RK Berger, RL Geddes, CGR Moody, JD MacGowan, BJ Glenzer, SH Estabrook, KG Decker, C Landen, OL AF Kirkwood, RK Berger, RL Geddes, CGR Moody, JD MacGowan, BJ Glenzer, SH Estabrook, KG Decker, C Landen, OL TI Scaling of saturated stimulated Raman scattering with temperature and intensity in ignition scale plasmas SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID LANGMUIR DECAY INSTABILITY; ION-ACOUSTIC-WAVES; INERTIAL CONFINEMENT FUSION; LASER-PRODUCED PLASMAS; BRILLOUIN-SCATTERING; PARAMETRIC-INSTABILITIES; THOMSON SCATTERING; HOHLRAUM PLASMAS; ELECTRON-PLASMA; HOT-SPOTS AB Measurements show the scaling of stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) with laser intensity and plasma electron temperature under the conditions expected in ignition experiments. The scaling of the scattered energy with each parameter follows a power law with a small exponent (of order 1). Comparison with simulations suggests SRS is nonlinearly saturated in these cases. Further experiments with high Z dopants showed that the effect of electron-ion collisions on the measured SRS is primarily due to the inverse bremsstrahlung absorption of the scattered light. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Kirkwood, RK (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 36 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD JUL PY 2003 VL 10 IS 7 BP 2948 EP 2955 DI 10.1063/1.1580814 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 691BT UT WOS:000183585500037 ER PT J AU Slutz, SA Seidel, DB Lipinski, RJ Rochau, GE Brown, LC AF Slutz, SA Seidel, DB Lipinski, RJ Rochau, GE Brown, LC TI Magnetically insulated fission electric cells for direct energy conversion SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID B ION DIODES AB The principles of fission electric cells are reviewed. A detailed Monte Carlo model of the efficiency of a fission electric cell is presented and a theory of magnetically insulated fission electric cells (MIFECs) is developed. It is shown that the low operating voltages observed in previous MIFEC experiments were due to nonoptimal magnetic field profiles. Improved magnetic field profiles are presented. It is further shown that the large electric field present in a MIFEC limits the structure of the cathode and can lead to a displacement instability of the cathode toward the anode. This instability places constraints on the number of cells that can be strung together without some external cathode support. The large electric field stress also leads to electrical surface breakdown of the cathode. It is shown that this leads to the formation of a virtual cathode resulting in geometry constraints for spherical cells. Finally it is shown that the requirements of magnetic insulation and high efficiency leads to very low average density of the fissile material. Thus a reactor using fission electric cells for efficient direct energy conversion will be large and require a very large number of cells. This could be mitigated somewhat by the use of exotic fuels. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. RP Slutz, SA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 16 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD JUL PY 2003 VL 10 IS 7 BP 2983 EP 2993 DI 10.1063/1.1572813 PG 11 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 691BT UT WOS:000183585500042 ER PT J AU Hur, MS Wurtele, JS Shvets, G AF Hur, MS Wurtele, JS Shvets, G TI Simulation of electromagnetically and magnetically induced transparency in a magnetized plasma SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID LASER-PULSE; AMPLIFICATION AB Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT), a phenomenon well known in atomic systems, has a natural analogy in a classical magnetized plasma. The magnetized plasma has a resonance for right-hand polarized electromagnetic waves at the electron cyclotron frequency Omega(0), so that a probe wave with frequency omega(1) = Omega(0) cannot propagate through the plasma. The plasma can be made transparent to such a probe by the presence of a pump wave. The pump may be an electromagnetic wave or magnetostatic wiggler. Simulations and theory show that the physical reason for the transparency is that the beating of the probe wave with the pump wave sets up a plasma oscillation, and the upper sideband of the pump wave cancels the resonant plasma current due to the probe. The theory of plasma EIT derived here extends that found in the earlier work to include the effects of the lower sideband of the pump and renormalization of the plasma frequency and an analysis of the transient response. A detailed comparison of theory to one-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations is presented and estimates for the performance ion accelerator using the EIT interaction are given. The dispersion relation and estimates for the phase velocity and amplitude of the plasma wave are in good agreement with particle-in-cell simulations. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. IIT, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Hur, MS (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI wurtele, Jonathan/J-6278-2016 OI wurtele, Jonathan/0000-0001-8401-0297 NR 16 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD JUL PY 2003 VL 10 IS 7 BP 3004 EP 3011 DI 10.1063/1.1580816 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 691BT UT WOS:000183585500044 ER PT J AU Hill, CT Simmons, EH AF Hill, CT Simmons, EH TI Strong dynamics and electroweak symmetry breaking SO PHYSICS REPORTS-REVIEW SECTION OF PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Review ID TOP-QUARK MASS; TOPCOLOR-ASSISTED TECHNICOLOR; TUMBLING GAUGE-THEORIES; CHIRAL PERTURBATION-THEORY; PSEUDO-GOLDSTONE BOSONS; GRAND UNIFIED THEORIES; NEUTRAL PSEUDOGOLDSTONE BOSONS; SUPERSYMMETRIC STANDARD MODEL; INTERACTING HIGGS SECTOR; PRODUCTION CROSS-SECTION AB The breaking of electroweak symmetry, and origin of the associated "weak scale", upsilon(weak) = 1/root2root2G(F) = 175 GeV, may be due to a new strong interaction. Theoretical developments over the past decade have led to viable models and mechanisms that are consistent with current experimental data. Many of these schemes feature a privileged role for the top quark, and third generation, and are natural in the context of theories of extra space dimensions at the weak scale. We review various models and their phenomenological implications which will be subject to definitive tests in future collider runs at the Tevatron, and the LHC, and future linear e(+)e(-) colliders, as well as sensitive studies of rare processes. (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Boston Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Harvard Univ, Radcliffe Inst Adv Study, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM hill@fnal.gov NR 535 TC 487 Z9 487 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-1573 EI 1873-6270 J9 PHYS REP JI Phys. Rep.-Rev. Sec. Phys. Lett. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 381 IS 4-6 BP 235 EP 402 DI 10.1016/S0370-1573(03)00140-6 PG 168 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 698EK UT WOS:000183984500001 ER PT J AU Gibson, JM AF Gibson, JM TI Untitled - Reply SO PHYSICS TODAY LA English DT Letter C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Gibson, JM (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Gibson, Murray/E-5855-2013 OI Gibson, Murray/0000-0002-0807-6224 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0031-9228 J9 PHYS TODAY JI Phys. Today PD JUL PY 2003 VL 56 IS 7 BP 15 EP 16 PG 2 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 696WN UT WOS:000183910700011 ER PT J AU Crease, RP AF Crease, RP TI Seeming our own world rotate SO PHYSICS WORLD LA English DT Editorial Material C1 SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Philosophy, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Crease, RP (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Philosophy, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8585 J9 PHYS WORLD JI Phys. World PD JUL PY 2003 VL 16 IS 7 BP 16 EP 16 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 703DF UT WOS:000184264200017 ER PT J AU Sudo, S Ozaki, T Ashikawa, N Emoto, M Goto, M Hamada, Y Ida, K Ido, T Iguchi, H Inagaki, S Isobe, M Kawahata, K Khlopenkov, K Kobuchi, T Liang, Y Masuzaki, S Minami, T Morita, S Muto, S Nagayama, Y Nakanishi, H Narihara, K Nishizawa, A Ohdachi, S Osakabe, M Peterson, BJ Sakakibara, S Sasao, M Sato, K Shoji, M Tamura, N Tanaka, K Toi, K Tokuzawa, T Watanabe, K Watanabe, T Yamada, I Team, LHD Goncharov, P Ejiri, A Okajima, S Mase, A Tsuji-Iio, S Akiyama, T Lyon, JF Vyacheslavov, LN Sanin, A AF Sudo, S Ozaki, T Ashikawa, N Emoto, M Goto, M Hamada, Y Ida, K Ido, T Iguchi, H Inagaki, S Isobe, M Kawahata, K Khlopenkov, K Kobuchi, T Liang, Y Masuzaki, S Minami, T Morita, S Muto, S Nagayama, Y Nakanishi, H Narihara, K Nishizawa, A Ohdachi, S Osakabe, M Peterson, BJ Sakakibara, S Sasao, M Sato, K Shoji, M Tamura, N Tanaka, K Toi, K Tokuzawa, T Watanabe, K Watanabe, T Yamada, I Team, LHD Goncharov, P Ejiri, A Okajima, S Mase, A Tsuji-Iio, S Akiyama, T Lyon, JF Vyacheslavov, LN Sanin, A TI Recent diagnostic developments on LHD SO PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION LA English DT Article ID LARGE-HELICAL-DEVICE; SYSTEM; INTERFEROMETER; DETECTOR; ANALYZER; CONFINEMENT; BOLOMETER; ELECTRON; DESIGN; ARRAY AB The recent diagnostic developments on the large helical device (LHD) are described briefly. LHD is the largest helical machine with all superconducting coils, and its purpose is to prove the ability of a helical system to confine a fusion-relevant plasma in steady state. According to the missions of LHD research, the diagnostic devices are categorized as follows: diagnostics for (i) high ntau(E)T plasmas and transport physics; (ii) magnetohydrodynamic stability; (iii) long pulse operation and divertor function; and (iv) energetic particles. These are briefly described focusing on the recent developments of the devices. Since the LHD experiment started in March 1998, five series of experimental campaigns have been carried out. The LHD diagnostics during these periods were operated successfully, and contributed to the analysis of the experimental results. C1 Natl Inst Fus Sci, Toki 5095292, Japan. Grad Univ Adv Studies, Toki 5095292, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. Chubu Univ, Kasugai, Aichi 4878501, Japan. Kyushu Univ, Kasuga, Fukuoka 8168580, Japan. Tokyo Inst Technol, Meguro Ku, Tokyo 1528550, Japan. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. RP Sudo, S (reprint author), Natl Inst Fus Sci, Toki 5095292, Japan. RI Sakakibara, Satoru/E-7542-2013; Goncharov, Pavel/I-4288-2013; U-ID, Kyushu/C-5291-2016; Ida, Katsumi/E-4731-2016; Kyushu, RIAM/F-4018-2015; OI Sakakibara, Satoru/0000-0002-3306-0531; Goncharov, Pavel/0000-0001-9226-1694; Ida, Katsumi/0000-0002-0585-4561; Vyacheslavov, Leonid/0000-0002-5461-402X NR 43 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0741-3335 J9 PLASMA PHYS CONTR F JI Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion PD JUL PY 2003 VL 45 IS 7 BP 1127 EP 1142 AR PII S0741-3335(03)56729-X DI 10.1088/0741-3335/45/7/307 PG 16 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 709ZQ UT WOS:000184656800009 ER PT J AU Casper, TA Kaiser, TB Jong, RA LoDestro, LL Moller, J Pearlstein, LD Dodge, T AF Casper, TA Kaiser, TB Jong, RA LoDestro, LL Moller, J Pearlstein, LD Dodge, T TI Electron cyclotron heating and current drive for maintaining minimum q in negative central shear discharges SO PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION LA English DT Article ID INTERNAL TRANSPORT BARRIER; REVERSED MAGNETIC SHEAR; DIII-D; IMPROVED CONFINEMENT; SIMULATIONS; TOKAMAKS; MODEL AB Toroidal plasmas created with negative magnetic shear in the core region offer advantages in terms of MHD stability properties. These plasmas, transiently created in several tokamaks, have exhibited high-performance as measured by normalized stored energy and neutron production rates. A critical issue with extending the duration of these plasmas is the need to maintain the off-axis-peaked current distribution required to support the minimum in the safety factor q at large radii. We present equilibrium and transport simulations that explore the use of electron cyclotron heating and current drive to maintain this negative shear configuration. Using parameters consistent with DIII-D tokamak operation (Strait E et al 1995 Phys. Rev. Lett. 75 4421, Rice B W et al 1996 Nucl. Fusion 36 1271), we find that with sufficiently high injected power, it is possible to achieve steady-state conditions employing well aligned electron cyclotron and bootstrap current drive in fully non-inductively current-driven configurations. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Casper, TA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 30 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0741-3335 J9 PLASMA PHYS CONTR F JI Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion PD JUL PY 2003 VL 45 IS 7 BP 1193 EP 1208 AR PII S0741-3335(03)60503-8 DI 10.1088/0741-3335/45/7/311 PG 16 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 709ZQ UT WOS:000184656800013 ER PT J AU Lewandowski, JLV AF Lewandowski, JLV TI Improved conservation properties for particle-in-cell simulations with kinetic electrons SO PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION LA English DT Article ID ITERATIVE SOLUTION; TRANSPORT; EQUATIONS; ALGORITHM AB It is shown that a simple algorithm which exactly segregates between adiabatic and nonadiabatic electrons in particle-in-cell simulations of drift modes yields excellent conservation properties (e.g. particle number, energy) compared to the conventional deltaf scheme. The removal of the free streaming term in the evolution of the marker weight is shown to be responsible for the improved linear and nonlinear properties of the simulated plasma. C1 Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Lewandowski, JLV (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0741-3335 J9 PLASMA PHYS CONTR F JI Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion PD JUL PY 2003 VL 45 IS 7 BP L39 EP L46 AR PII S0741-3335(03)61537-X DI 10.1088/0741-3335/45/7/101 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 709ZQ UT WOS:000184656800001 ER PT J AU Parail, V Bateman, G Becoulet, M Corrigan, G Heading, D Hogan, J Houlberg, W Huysmans, GTA Kinsey, J Korotkov, A Kritz, A Loarte, A Lonnroth, J McDonald, D Monier-Garbet, P Onjun, T Saibene, G Sartori, R Sharapov, SE Wilson, HR AF Parail, V Bateman, G Becoulet, M Corrigan, G Heading, D Hogan, J Houlberg, W Huysmans, GTA Kinsey, J Korotkov, A Kritz, A Loarte, A Lonnroth, J McDonald, D Monier-Garbet, P Onjun, T Saibene, G Sartori, R Sharapov, SE Wilson, HR CA JET-EFDA contributors TI Integrated predictive modeling of JET H-mode plasma with type-I and type-III ELMs SO PLASMA PHYSICS REPORTS LA English DT Article ID EDGE; PEDESTAL AB Edge plasma parameters influence plasma performance in many different ways (profile stiffness is probably one of the best known examples). In the ELMy H-mode plasma, a thin region with improved transport characteristics (the edge transport barrier) links the core and the scrape-off layer. There is a strong coupling between these three areas, so that even a modest variation of plasma parameters in one region can lead to a dramatic change in the overall plasma performance. A systematic MHD stability analysis and self-consistent integrated predictive modeling of a series of JET ELMy H-mode plasmas, including scans in gas fueling and triangularity, are presented. The main conclusion is that plasma performance indeed sensitively depends on the edge plasma parameters, which should be modeled in a self-consistent way. (C) 2003 MAIK "Nauka/Interperiodica". C1 UKAEA Euratom Fus Assoc, Culham Sci Ctr, Abingdon OX14 3DB, Oxon, England. Lehigh Univ, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. EURATOM, CEA, F-13108 St Paul Les Durance, France. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. EFDA, CSU Graching, D-85748 Garching, Germany. Helsinki Univ Technol, EURATOM, TEKES Assoc, FIN-02015 Espoo, Finland. RP Parail, V (reprint author), UKAEA Euratom Fus Assoc, Culham Sci Ctr, Abingdon OX14 3DB, Oxon, England. RI Onjun, Thawatchai/A-3016-2009 NR 10 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 1 PU MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA PUBL PI MELVILLE PA C/O AMERICAN INST PHYSICS, 2 HUNTINGTON QUANDRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1063-780X J9 PLASMA PHYS REP+ JI Plasma Phys. Rep. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 29 IS 7 BP 539 EP 544 DI 10.1134/1.1592551 PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 711TR UT WOS:000184757600001 ER PT J AU Ryutov, DD Cohen, RH Hill, DN AF Ryutov, DD Cohen, RH Hill, DN TI A phenomenological model of the current filamentation instability driven by cathode processes in the Livermore spheromk SO PLASMA PHYSICS REPORTS LA English DT Article ID DIVERTOR AB The current density on the open field lines of the Livermore spheromak (SSPX) typically exceeds the saturation current density of the bulk plasma. We assume that the mechanism that provides conditions for that is associated with the formation of a thin layer near the cathode surface, where both the plasma and the neutral density are higher than in the bulk plasma and where intense ionization occurs. The ions formed in this layer fall back onto the cathode, whereas electrons contribute to the high current density in the bulk plasma. The particle balance in the ionizing layer is determined by the recycling coefficient, which, in turn, depends on the cathode temperature and the sheath voltage. As it turns out, these dependences give rise to an instability that leads to the current filamentation and the formation of hot spots on the cathode surface. The instability can be characterized in a phenomenological manner without going into the details of the structure of the ionizing layer, whose effect on the instability shows up in the form of a couple of numerical coefficients of the order of one. We predict the characteristic size and the shape of the filaments (and the hot spots), which are in a general agreement with discoloration patterns on the surface of the cathode in the SSPX. If the magnetic field is tilted to the surface, the footpoints of the filaments move with a significant velocity, whose direction depends on the ratio of the ion gyroradius and the thickness of the ionizing layer. This instability, although primarily considered in conjunction with the SSPX experiment, may play a role in spherical tokamaks and other systems with coaxial helicity injection. (C) 2003 MAIK "Nauka/Interperiodica". C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Ryutov, DD (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 19 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA PUBL PI MELVILLE PA C/O AMERICAN INST PHYSICS, 2 HUNTINGTON QUANDRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1063-780X J9 PLASMA PHYS REP+ JI Plasma Phys. Rep. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 29 IS 7 BP 605 EP 617 DI 10.1134/1.1592560 PG 13 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 711TR UT WOS:000184757600010 ER PT J AU Scott, HN Laible, PD Hanson, DK AF Scott, HN Laible, PD Hanson, DK TI Sequences of versatile broad-host-range vectors of the RK2 family SO PLASMID LA English DT Article DE mobilizable vector; RK2; pRK404; plasmid DNA sequence; cloning vector; conjugation ID GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA; DNA-BINDING-PROTEIN; PROMISCUOUS PLASMID RK2; KEY REGULATORY GENE; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; TRANSFER ORIGIN; CLONING VECTOR; REPLICATION; REGION AB Plasmid pRK404-a smaller derivative of RK2-is a tetracycline-resistant broad-host-range vector that carries a multiple cloning site and the lacZ(alpha) peptide that enables blue/white selection for cloned inserts in Escherichia coli. We present herein the complete and annotated sequence of pRK404 and three related vectors-pRK437, pRK442, and pRK442(H). These derivatives have proven to be valuable tools for genetic manipulation in Gram-negative bacteria. The knowledge of their complete sequences will facilitate efficient future engineering of them and will enhance their general applicability to the design of genetic systems for use in organisms for which new genomic sequence data are becoming available. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Hanson, DK (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [R01 GM61887] NR 34 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 2 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0147-619X J9 PLASMID JI Plasmid PD JUL PY 2003 VL 50 IS 1 BP 74 EP 79 DI 10.1016/S0147-619X(03)00030-1 PG 6 WC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology SC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology GA 697CG UT WOS:000183924200008 PM 12826060 ER PT J AU Sumpter, BG Noid, DW Barnes, MD AF Sumpter, BG Noid, DW Barnes, MD TI Recent developments in the formation, characterization, and simulation of micron and nano-scale droplets of amorphous polymer blends and semi-crystalline polymers SO POLYMER LA English DT Article DE polymer blends; micro- and nano-particles; micro droplets ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATION; NORMAL-COORDINATE ANALYSIS; VIBRATIONAL NORMAL-MODES; COIL BLOCK-COPOLYMERS; NANOPARTICLE COLLISIONS; CONJUGATED POLYMERS; PHASE-SEPARATION; REFRACTIVE-INDEX; PARTICLES; POLYETHYLENE AB Polymer micro- and nano-particles are fundamental to a number of modem technological applications, including polymer blends or alloys, biomaterials for drug delivery systems, electro-optic and luminescent devices, coatings, polymer powder impregnation of inorganic fibers in composites, and are also critical in polymer-supported heterogeneous catalysis. In this article, we review some of our recent progress in experimental and simulation methods for generating, characterizing, and modeling polymer micro- and nano-particles in a number of polymer and polymer blend systems. By using instrumentation developed for probing single fluorescent molecules in micron-sized liquid droplets, we have shown that polymer particles of nearly arbitrary size and composition can be made with a size dispersion that is ultimately limited by the chain length and number distribution within the droplets. Depending on the time scale for solvent evaporation-a tunable parameter in our experiments-phase separation of otherwise immiscible polymers can be avoided by confinement effects, producing homogeneous polymer blend micro- or nano-particles. These particles have tunable properties that can be controlled simply by adjusting the size of the particle, or the relative mass fractions of the polymer components in solution. Physical, optical, and mechanical properties of a variety of micro and nano-particles, differing in size and composition, have been examined using extensive classical molecular dynamics calculations in conjunction with experiments to gain deeper insights into fundamental nature of their structure, dynamics, and properties. (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Sumpter, BG (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, POB 2008,1 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Sumpter, Bobby/C-9459-2013 OI Sumpter, Bobby/0000-0001-6341-0355 NR 58 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 7 U2 32 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0032-3861 J9 POLYMER JI Polymer PD JUL PY 2003 VL 44 IS 16 BP 4389 EP 4403 DI 10.1016/S0032-3861(03)00428-2 PG 15 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 701LJ UT WOS:000184168800001 ER PT J AU Schmitz, TL Beckwith, JF AF Schmitz, TL Beckwith, JF TI An investigation of two unexplored periodic error sources in differential-path interferometry SO PRECISION ENGINEERING-JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETIES FOR PRECISION ENGINEERING AND NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE periodic error; heterodyne interferometry; frequency-path model ID HETERODYNE INTERFEROMETRY; LASER INTERFEROMETER; NONLINEARITY; LIMITATIONS; PARAMETERS AB This paper describes two sources of periodic error in differential-path interferometry that have remained largely unexplored: dynamic periodic error that is exhibited by heterodyne interferometer systems under high-speed displacements and intermodulation periodic error caused by amplifier nonlinearity. Dynamic periodic error occurs when the measurement signal, or intended ac interference term, and unwanted dc interference terms, that exist due to frequency leakage in physical implementations of heterodyne interferometers, are both present within the phase measuring electronics' modulation bandwidth. The situation is similar to the well-documented pseudo-static periodic error observed at low slide speeds, where the intended ac interference, leakage-induced ac interference, and ac reference terms all lie within the modulation bandwidth. The Frequency-Path (F-P) model of the propagation of light from the source to detector for differential-path interferometers is also presented. This model identifies each possible path for each light frequency from the source to detector and predicts the number of interference terms that may be expected at the detector output. We show that, regardless of the interferometer configuration, the behavior of each interference term with respect to optical path changes may be grouped into one of four categories: optical power, ac interference, ac reference, and dc interference. The application of the F-P model to the generic description of periodic error in a single pass, Michelson-type heterodyne interferometer is provided. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Elect Engn Technol Div, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Schmitz, TL (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, 237 MEB, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM tschmitz@ufl.edu NR 31 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0141-6359 EI 1873-2372 J9 PRECIS ENG JI Precis. Eng.-J. Int. Soc. Precis. Eng. Nanotechnol. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 27 IS 3 BP 311 EP 322 DI 10.1016/S0141-6359903)00036-9 PG 12 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Manufacturing; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 807QA UT WOS:000220514800011 ER PT J AU Strenge, DL Zack, RS AF Strenge, DL Zack, RS TI Notes on the biology of Synaxis formosa (Hulst) (Lepidoptera : Geometridae) in south central Washington State SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article ID HANFORD SITE C1 Battelle Mem Inst, Pacific NW Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Washington State Univ, Dept Entomol, James Entomol Collect, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Strenge, DL (reprint author), Battelle Mem Inst, Pacific NW Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 105 IS 3 BP 781 EP 782 PG 2 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 694CK UT WOS:000183756100027 ER PT J AU Smyth, DR Mrozkiewicz, MK McGrath, WJ Listwan, P Kobe, B AF Smyth, DR Mrozkiewicz, MK McGrath, WJ Listwan, P Kobe, B TI Crystal structures of fusion proteins with large-affinity tags SO PROTEIN SCIENCE LA English DT Review DE chimera; fusion protein; protein crystallization; protein expression; membrane proteins; molecular replacement; structural genomics; X-ray crystallography ID MALTOSE-BINDING-PROTEIN; SOLUBLE RECOMBINANT PROTEINS; INTEGRAL MEMBRANE-PROTEINS; GLUTATHIONE-S-TRANSFERASE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; 2-DIMENSIONAL CRYSTALLIZATION; INCLUSION-BODIES; LIPID LAYER; PURIFICATION; EXPRESSION AB The fusion of a protein of interest to a large-affinity tag, such as the maltose-binding protein (MBP), thioredoxin (TRX), or glutathione-S-transferase (GST), can be advantageous in terms of increased expression, enhanced solubility, protection from proteolysis, improved folding, and protein purification via affinity chromatography. Unfortunately, crystal growth is hindered by the conformational heterogeneity induced by the fusion tag, requiring that the tag is removed by a potentially problematic cleavage step. The first three crystal structures of fusion proteins with large-affinity tags have been reported recently. All three structures used a novel strategy to rigidly fuse the protein of interest to MBP via a short three- to five-amino acid spacer. This strategy has the potential to aid structure determination of proteins that present particular experimental challenges and are not conducive to more conventional crystallization strategies (e.g., membrane proteins). Structural genomics initiatives may also benefit from this approach as a way to crystallize problematic proteins of significant interest. C1 Univ Queensland, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Cooperat Res Ctr Chron Inflammatory Dis, Inst Mol Biosci, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. Univ Queensland, Special Res Ctr Funct & Appl Genom, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Kobe, B (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Cooperat Res Ctr Chron Inflammatory Dis, Inst Mol Biosci, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. RI Kobe, Bostjan/D-1292-2009 OI Kobe, Bostjan/0000-0001-9413-9166 NR 61 TC 147 Z9 154 U1 2 U2 35 PU COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS, PUBLICATIONS DEPT PI WOODBURY PA 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2924 USA SN 0961-8368 J9 PROTEIN SCI JI Protein Sci. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 12 IS 7 BP 1313 EP 1322 DI 10.1110/ps.0243403 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 694CR UT WOS:000183756700001 PM 12824478 ER PT J AU Shin, DH Roberts, A Jancarik, J Yokota, H Kim, R Wemmer, DE Kim, SH AF Shin, DH Roberts, A Jancarik, J Yokota, H Kim, R Wemmer, DE Kim, SH TI Crystal structure of a phosphatase with a unique substrate binding domain from Thermotoga maritima SO PROTEIN SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE X-ray crystallography; structural proteomics; phosphatase; HAD family; new fold; gi 4981173 ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; PHOSPHOSERINE PHOSPHATASE; PROTEIN STRUCTURES; GENOME SEQUENCE; COMPLEX; ENZYME; CHEY; CLASSIFICATION; RESOLUTION; ASPARTATE AB We have determined the crystal structure of a phosphatase with a unique substrate binding domain from Thermotoga maritima, TM0651 (gi 4981173), at 2.2 Angstrom resolution by selenomethionine single-wavelength anomalous diffraction (SAD) techniques. TM0651 is a member of the haloacid dehalogenase (HAD) superfamily, with sequence homology to trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase and sucrose-6(F)-phosphate phosphohydrolase. Selenomethionine labeled TM0651 crystallized in space group C2 with three monomers per asymmetric unit. Each monomer has approximate dimensions of 65 x 40 x 35 Angstrom(3), and contains two domains: a domain of known hydrolase fold characteristic of the HAD family, and a domain with a new tertiary fold consisting of a six-stranded beta-sheet surrounded by four alpha-helices. There is one disulfide bond between residues Cys35 and Cys265 in each monomer. One magnesium ion and one sulfate ion are bound in the active site. The superposition of active site residues with other HAD family members indicates that TM0651 is very likely a phosphatase that acts through the formation of a phosphoaspartate intermediate, which is supported by both NMR titration data and a biochemical assay. Structural and functional database searches and the presence of many aromatic residues in the interface of the two domains suggest the substrate of TM0651 is a carbohydrate molecule. From the crystal structure and NMR data, the protein likely undergoes a conformational change upon substrate binding. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Kim, SH (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM 62412, P50 GM062412] NR 46 TC 30 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 3 PU COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS, PUBLICATIONS DEPT PI WOODBURY PA 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2924 USA SN 0961-8368 J9 PROTEIN SCI JI Protein Sci. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 12 IS 7 BP 1464 EP 1472 DI 10.1110/ps.0302703 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 694CR UT WOS:000183756700015 PM 12824492 ER PT J AU Ramelot, TA Ni, SS Goldsmith-Fischman, S Cort, JR Honig, B Kennedy, MA AF Ramelot, TA Ni, SS Goldsmith-Fischman, S Cort, JR Honig, B Kennedy, MA TI Solution structure of Vibrio cholerae protein VC0424: A variation of the ferredoxin-like fold SO PROTEIN SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE VC0424; COG 3076; YjgD; structural genomics; NMR structure; Vibrio cholerae ID ISOTOPICALLY-ENRICHED PROTEINS; QUANTITATIVE J-CORRELATION; ACTINOBACILLUS-ACTINOMYCETEMCOMITANS; PHYLOGENETIC INFORMATION; IMPROVED SENSITIVITY; FUNCTIONAL REGIONS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; BACKBONE AMIDE; GENE-CLUSTER; J-COUPLINGS AB The structure of Vibrio cholerae protein VC0424 was determined by NMR spectroscopy. VC0424 belongs to a conserved family of bacterial proteins of unknown function (COG 3076). The structure has an alpha-beta sandwich architecture consisting of two layers: a four-stranded antiparallel beta-sheet and three side-by-side alpha-helices. The secondary structure elements have the order alphabetaalphabetaalphabeta along the sequence. This fold is the same as the ferredoxin-like fold, except with an additional long N-terminal helix, making it a variation on this common motif. A cluster of conserved surface residues on the beta-sheet,side of the protein forms a pocket that may be important for the biological function of this conserved family of proteins. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, EMSL 2569 K8 98, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Columbia Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biophys, Howard Hughes Med Inst, New York, NY 10032 USA. RP Kennedy, MA (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, EMSL 2569 K8 98, 3335 Q Ave, Richland, WA 99352 USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [P50 GM062413, P50 GM 62413] NR 42 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS, PUBLICATIONS DEPT PI WOODBURY PA 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2924 USA SN 0961-8368 J9 PROTEIN SCI JI Protein Sci. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 12 IS 7 BP 1556 EP 1561 DI 10.1110/ps.03108103 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 694CR UT WOS:000183756700024 PM 12824501 ER PT J AU Masselon, C Pasa-Tolic, L Li, LJ Anderson, GA Harkewicz, R Smith, RD AF Masselon, C Pasa-Tolic, L Li, LJ Anderson, GA Harkewicz, R Smith, RD TI Identification of tryptic peptides from large databases using multiplexed tandem mass spectrometry: simulations and experimental results SO PROTEOMICS LA English DT Article DE Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance; liquid chromatography ID ION-CYCLOTRON RESONANCE; CAPILLARY LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; COLLISION-INDUCED DISSOCIATION; PROTEOME; ACCUMULATION; PERFORMANCE AB Multiplexed tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) has recently been demonstrated as a means to increase the throughput of peptide identification in liquid chromatography (LC) MS/MS experiments. In this approach, a set of parent species is dissociated simultaneously and measured in a single spectrum (in the same manner that a single parent ion is conventionally studied), providing a gain in sensitivity and throughput proportional to the number of species that can be simultaneously addressed. In the present work, simulations performed using the Caenorhabditis elegans predicted proteins database show that multiplexed MS/MS data allow the identification of tryptic peptides from mixtures of up to ten peptides from a single dataset with only three "y" or "b" fragments per peptide and a mass accuracy of 2.5 to 5 ppm. At this level of database and data complexity, 98% of the 500 peptides considered in the simulation were correctly identified. This compares favorably with the rates obtained for classical MS/MS at more modest mass measurement accuracy. LC multiplexed Fourier transform-ion cyclotron resonance MS/MS data obtained from a 66 kDa protein (bovine serum albumin) tryptic digest sample are presented to illustrate the approach, and confirm that peptides can be effectively identified from the C. elegans database to which the protein sequence had been appended. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Smith, RD (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI Masselon, Christophe/A-2340-2010; Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012; Lee, Sang-Won/H-6760-2013 OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349; Lee, Sang-Won/0000-0002-5042-0084 FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 81654, CA 86340] NR 22 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 2 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1615-9853 J9 PROTEOMICS JI Proteomics PD JUL PY 2003 VL 3 IS 7 BP 1279 EP 1286 DI 10.1002/pmic.200300448 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 707JH UT WOS:000184507200019 PM 12872228 ER PT J AU Schiffer, WK Marsteller, D Dewey, SL AF Schiffer, WK Marsteller, D Dewey, SL TI Sub-chronic low dose gamma-vinyl GABA (vigabatrin) inhibits cocaine-induced increases in nucleus accumbens dopamine SO PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE vigabatrin; microdialysis; GABA; addiction; pharmacotherapy ID VISUAL-FIELD CONSTRICTION; ANTIEPILEPTIC DRUGS; WITHDRAWAL SYNDROME; RATS; SINGLE; METHAMPHETAMINE; DEPENDENCE; ADDICTION; BACLOFEN; STRATEGY AB Rationale. gamma-Vinyl GABA (GVG) irreversibly inhibits GABA-transaminase. This non-receptor mediated inhibition requires de novo synthesis for restoration of functional GABA catabolism. Objectives. Given its preclinical success for treating substance abuse and the increased risk of visual field defects (VFD) associated with cumulative lifetime exposure, we explored the effects of sub-chronic low dose GVG on cocaine-induced increases in nucleus accumbens (NAcc) dopamine (DA). Methods. Using in vivo microdialysis, we compared acute exposure (450 mg/kg) to an identical sub-chronic exposure (150 mg/kg per day for 3 days), followed by 1- or 3-day washout. Finally, we examined the low dose of 150 mg/kg (50 mg/kg per day) using a similar washout period. Results. Sub-chronic GVG exposure inhibited the effect of cocaine for 3 days, which exceeded in magnitude and duration the identical acute dose. Conclusions. Sub-chronic low dose GVG potentiates and extends the inhibition of cocaine-induced increases in dopamine, effectively reducing cumulative exposures and the risk for VFDS. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Neurobiol & Behav, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. NYU, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY 10016 USA. RP Schiffer, WK (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. FU NIDA NIH HHS [F31-DA15874, DA15041] NR 36 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0033-3158 J9 PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY JI Psychopharmacology PD JUL PY 2003 VL 168 IS 3 BP 339 EP 343 DI 10.1007/s00213-003-1446-6 PG 5 WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry GA 703RD UT WOS:000184294000012 PM 12684739 ER PT J AU Prausnitz, JM AF Prausnitz, JM TI Molecular thermodynamics for some applications in biotechnology SO PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th IUPAC Conference on Chemical Thermodynamics (ICCT) CY JUL 28-AUG 02, 2002 CL UNIV ROSTOCK, ROSTOCK, GERMANY SP IUPAC HO UNIV ROSTOCK ID ELECTROLYTE-SOLUTIONS; FLUORESCENCE POLARIZATION; PROTEIN CRYSTALLIZATION; PHASE-EQUILIBRIA; LYSOZYME; CELL AB As biotechnology sweeps the world, it is appropriate to remember that the great virtue of thermodynamics is its broad range of applicability. As a result, there is a growing literature describing how chemical thermodynamics can be used to inform processes for old and new biochemical products for industry and medicine. A particular application of molecular thermodynamics concerns separation of aqueous proteins by selective precipitation. For this purpose, we need phase diagrams; for constructing such diagrams, we need to understand not only the qualitative nature of phase equilibria of aqueous proteins, but also the quantitative intermolecular forces between proteins in solution. Some examples are given to show how aqueous protein-protein forces can be calculated or measured to yield a potential of mean force and how that potential is then used along with a statistical-thermodynamic model to establish liquid-liquid and liquid-crystal equilibria. Such equilibria are useful not only for separation processes, but also for understanding diseases like Alzheimer's, eye cataracts, and sickle-cell anemia that appear to be caused by protein agglomeration. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Prausnitz, JM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 29 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 7 PU INT UNION PURE APPLIED CHEMISTRY PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA 104 TW ALEXANDER DR, PO BOX 13757, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-3757 USA SN 0033-4545 J9 PURE APPL CHEM JI Pure Appl. Chem. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 75 IS 7 BP 859 EP 873 DI 10.1351/pac200375070859 PG 15 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 699NU UT WOS:000184063500002 ER PT J AU Imasaka, T Moore, DS Vo-Dinh, T AF Imasaka, T Moore, DS Vo-Dinh, T TI Critical assessment: Use of supersonic jet spectrometry for complex mixture analysis - (IUPAC technical report) SO PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PULSED-LASER DESORPTION; SYNCHRONOUS SCAN LUMINESCENCE; FLIGHT MASS-SPECTROMETRY; MULTIPHOTON IONIZATION; MOLECULAR-BEAM; FLUORESCENCE SPECTROMETRY; ELECTRONIC SPECTROSCOPY; FLUOROMETRIC DETECTION; AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY AB When cooled to a temperature of a few K using supersonic jet expansion into a vacuum, a molecule exists in the lowest vibrational level of the ground electronic state and is isolated at collision-free conditions. The absorption or excitation/fluorescence spectrum is then greatly simplified, when transitions occur from this single vibrational level to a limited number of vibrational levels in the excited electronic state. This method, called supersonic jet spectrometry, is a powerful analytical technique because of its high selectivity, since the chemical species can be accurately identified and selectively quantified using the sharp spectral features even for large molecules. Supersonic jet spectrometry has distinct advantages over other low-temperature spectrometries, in that it can be combined with gas-phase separation and detection techniques such as chromatography or mass spectrometry. Therefore, this spectrometric technique can be used as a versatile analytical means, not only for basic research on pure substances, but also for practical trace analysis of chemical species in multicomponent samples (e.g., in biological monitoring or in environmental monitoring). C1 Kyushu Univ, Dept Chem Sci & Technol, Higashi Ku, Fukuoka 812, Japan. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Adv Monitoring Dev Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Imasaka, T (reprint author), Kyushu Univ, Dept Chem Sci & Technol, Higashi Ku, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Fukuoka 812, Japan. RI Moore, David/C-8692-2013 NR 62 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 8 PU INT UNION PURE APPLIED CHEMISTRY PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA 104 TW ALEXANDER DR, PO BOX 13757, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-3757 USA SN 0033-4545 J9 PURE APPL CHEM JI Pure Appl. Chem. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 75 IS 7 BP 975 EP 998 DI 10.1351/pac200375070975 PG 24 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 699NU UT WOS:000184063500009 ER PT J AU Prevette, SS AF Prevette, SS TI Systems thinking - An uncommon answer SO QUALITY PROGRESS LA English DT Article C1 Fluor Corp, Aliso Viejo, CA USA. US DOE, Washington, DC 20545 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC QUALITY CONTROL-ASQC PI MILWAUKEE PA 600 N PLANKINTON AVE, MILWAUKEE, WI 53203 USA SN 0033-524X J9 QUAL PROG JI Qual. Prog. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 36 IS 7 BP 32 EP 35 PG 4 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Industrial; Management; Operations Research & Management Science SC Engineering; Business & Economics; Operations Research & Management Science GA 699KT UT WOS:000184056600016 ER PT J AU Game, JC Birrell, GW Brown, JA Shibata, T Baccari, C Chu, AM Williamson, MS Brown, JM AF Game, JC Birrell, GW Brown, JA Shibata, T Baccari, C Chu, AM Williamson, MS Brown, JM TI Use of a genome-wide approach to identify new genes that control resistance of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to ionizing radiation SO RADIATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID DOUBLE-STRAND BREAKS; DNA-REPAIR; SENSITIVE MUTANTS; YEAST; SCREEN; CELLS; END; CONNECTION; PROTEINS AB We have used the recently completed set of all homozygous diploid deletion mutants in budding yeast, S. cerevisiae, to screen for new mutants conferring sensitivity to ionizing radiation. In each strain a different open reading frame (ORF) has been replaced with a cassette containing unique 20-mer sequences that allow the relative abundance of each strain in a pool to be determined by hybridization to a high-density oligonucleotide array. Putative radiation-sensitive mutants were identified as having a reduced abundance in the pool of 4,627 individual deletion strains after irradiation. Of the top 33 strains most sensitive to radiation in this assay, 14 contained genes known to be involved in DNA repair. Eight of the remaining deletion mutants were studied. Only one, which deleted for the ORF YDR014W (which we name RAD61), conferred reproducible radiation sensitivity in both the haploid and diploid deletions and had no problem with spore viability when the haploid was backcrossed to wild-type. The rest showed only marginal sensitivity as haploids, and many had problems with spore viability when backcrossed, suggesting the presence of gross aneuploidy or polyploidy in strains initially presumed haploid. Our results emphasize that secondary mutations or deviations from euploidy can be a problem in screening this resource for sensitivity to ionizing radiation. (C) 2003 by Radiation Research Society. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biochem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Div Radiat & Canc Biol, Dept Radiat Oncol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Brown, JM (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Div Radiat & Canc Biol, Dept Radiat Oncol, CCSR S,Room 1255,269 Campus Dr, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA09302, CA 82566]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM 5997901] NR 36 TC 51 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 1 PU RADIATION RESEARCH SOC PI OAK BROOK PA 820 JORIE BOULEVARD, OAK BROOK, IL 60523 USA SN 0033-7587 J9 RADIAT RES JI Radiat. Res. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 160 IS 1 BP 14 EP 24 DI 10.1667/RR3019 PG 11 WC Biology; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 697FQ UT WOS:000183931900003 PM 12816519 ER PT J AU Helton, JC Davis, FJ AF Helton, JC Davis, FJ TI Latin hypercube sampling and the propagation of uncertainty in analyses of complex systems SO RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY LA English DT Review DE aleatory uncertainty; epistemic uncertainty; Latin hypercube sampling; Monte Carlo analysis; random sampling; sensitivity analysis; uncertainty analysis ID ISOLATION PILOT-PLANT; PROBABILISTIC RISK ASSESSMENT; 1996 PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT; SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES; SPATIAL POINT PATTERNS; MONTE-CARLO TECHNIQUES; CUMULATIVE DISTRIBUTION-FUNCTIONS; RESPONSE-SURFACE METHODOLOGY; RADIOACTIVE-WASTE DISPOSAL; COMPLIANCE CERTIFICATION APPLICATION AB The following techniques for uncertainty and sensitivity analysis are briefly summarized: Monte Carlo analysis, differential analysis, response surface methodology, Fourier amplitude sensitivity test, Sobol' variance decomposition, and fast probability integration. Desirable features of Monte Carlo analysis in conjunction with Latin hypercube sampling are described in discussions of the following topics: (i) properties of random, stratified and Latin hypercube sampling, (ii) comparisons of random and Latin hypercube sampling, (iii) operations involving Latin hypercube sampling (i.e. correlation control, reweighting of samples to incorporate changed distributions, replicated sampling to test reproducibility of results), (iv) uncertainty analysis (i.e. cumulative distribution functions, complementary cumulative distribution functions, box plots), (v) sensitivity analysis (i.e. scatterplots, regression analysis, correlation analysis, rank transformations, searches for nonrandom patterns), and (vi) analyses involving stochastic (i.e. aleatory) and subjective (i.e. epistemic) uncertainty. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Dept 6849, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Arizona State Univ, Dept Math & Stat, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. RP Helton, JC (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Dept 6849, MS 0779, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RI Barley, Kamal/F-9579-2011 OI Barley, Kamal/0000-0003-1874-9813 NR 318 TC 638 Z9 672 U1 11 U2 150 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0951-8320 J9 RELIAB ENG SYST SAFE JI Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 81 IS 1 BP 23 EP 69 DI 10.1016/S0951-8320(03)00058-9 PG 47 WC Engineering, Industrial; Operations Research & Management Science SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA 687RU UT WOS:000183391300003 ER PT J AU Lee, IY Deleplanque, MA Vetter, K AF Lee, IY Deleplanque, MA Vetter, K TI Developments in large gamma-ray detector arrays SO REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS LA English DT Review ID DATA ACQUISITION-SYSTEM; HIGH-PURITY GERMANIUM; SUPERDEFORMED BAND; GE DETECTORS; SEMICONDUCTOR-DETECTORS; PROTOTYPE DETECTORS; COAXIAL DETECTORS; SPECTROMETER; GAMMASPHERE; SPECTROSCOPY AB Gamma-ray spectroscopy was revolutionized with the introduction of high energy-resolution semiconductor germanium (Ge) detectors in the early 1960s. This led to the large increase in sensitivity realized by today's arrays of Compton-suppressed Ge detectors. A still larger increase in sensitivity is expected by implementing the new concept of tracking. A tracking array consists of highly segmented Ge detectors (that can cover the full 4pi solid-angle) in which gamma rays will be identified by measuring and tracking every gamma-ray interaction. This article reviews the physics motivation for such detectors and the development of the new technologies involved. The concept of tracking is explained using the example of a proposed array called y-ray energy tracking array (GRETA). C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Lee, IY (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 73 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 1 U2 8 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0034-4885 J9 REP PROG PHYS JI Rep. Prog. Phys. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 66 IS 7 BP 1095 EP 1144 AR PII S0034-4885(03)18707-6 DI 10.1088/0034-4885/66/7/201 PG 50 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 707GW UT WOS:000184503700001 ER PT J AU Edwards, GS Austin, RH Carroll, FE Copeland, ML Couprie, ME Gabella, WE Haglund, RF Hooper, BA Hutson, MS Jansen, ED Joos, KM Kiehart, DP Lindau, I Miao, J Pratisto, HS Shen, JH Tokutake, Y van der Meer, AFG Xie, A AF Edwards, GS Austin, RH Carroll, FE Copeland, ML Couprie, ME Gabella, WE Haglund, RF Hooper, BA Hutson, MS Jansen, ED Joos, KM Kiehart, DP Lindau, I Miao, J Pratisto, HS Shen, JH Tokutake, Y van der Meer, AFG Xie, A TI Free-electron-laser-based biophysical and biomedical instrumentation SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Review ID AMPLIFIED SPONTANEOUS-EMISSION; GLASS WAVE-GUIDES; NICOTINAMIDE ADENINE-DINUCLEOTIDE; NERVE SHEATH FENESTRATION; MALDI MASS-SPECTROMETRY; CARBON-DIOXIDE LASER; MONOCHROMATIC X-RAYS; DORSAL CLOSURE; MU-M; FLUORESCENCE DECAY AB A survey of biophysical and biomedical applications of free-electron lasers (FELs) is presented. FELs are pulsed light sources, collectively operating from the microwave through the x-ray range. This accelerator-based technology spans gaps in wavelength, pulse structure, and optical power left by conventional sources. FELs are continuously tunable and can produce high-average and high-peak power. Collectively, FEL pulses range from quasicontinuous to subpicosecond, in some cases with complex superpulse structures. Any given FEL, however, has a more restricted set of operational parameters. FELs with high-peak and high-average power are enabling biophysical and biomedical investigations of infrared tissue ablation. A midinfrared FEL has been upgraded to meet the standards of a medical laser and is serving as a surgical tool in ophthalmology and human neurosurgery. The ultrashort pulses produced by infrared or ultraviolet FELs are useful for biophysical investigations, both one-color time-resolved spectroscopy and when coupled with other light sources, for two-color time-resolved spectroscopy. FELs are being used to drive soft ionization processes in mass spectrometry. Certain FELs have high repetition rates that are beneficial for some biophysical and biomedical applications, but confound research for other applications. Infrared FELs have been used as sources for inverse Compton scattering to produce a pulsed, tunable, monochromatic x-ray source for medical imaging and structural biology. FEL research and FEL applications research have allowed the specification of spin-off technologies. On the horizon is the next generation of FELs, which is aimed at producing ultrashort, tunable x rays by self-amplified spontaneous emission with potential applications in biology. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Duke Univ, FEL Lab, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Princeton Univ, Dept Phys, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Radiol & Radiol Sci, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Neurosurg, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. Univ Paris 11, F-91898 Orsay, France. Lab Utilisat Rayonnement Electromagnet, F-91898 Orsay, France. Vanderbilt Univ, WM Keck FEL Lab, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Duke Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Ophthalmol & Visual Sci, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. Duke Univ, Dept Biol, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. EURATOM, FOM, Inst Plasma Phys, FELIX, NL-3439 MN Nieuwegein, Netherlands. Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Phys, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. RP Edwards, GS (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. EM edwards@fel.duke.edu RI Jansen, E. Duco/B-1894-2013 NR 155 TC 65 Z9 66 U1 1 U2 17 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 EI 1089-7623 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 74 IS 7 BP 3207 EP 3245 DI 10.1063/1.1584078 PG 39 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 694CP UT WOS:000183756500001 ER PT J AU Armstrong, DJ Pack, MV Smith, AV AF Armstrong, DJ Pack, MV Smith, AV TI Instrument and method for measuring second-order nonlinear optical tensors SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID MAKER FRINGES; GENERATION; CRYSTALS; COEFFICIENTS; DISPERSION; HARMONICS AB We describe an apparatus for measuring the second-order nonlinear tensor of crystals based on the measurement technique of separated-beam, nonphase matched, second-harmonic generation. This method is an improvement over traditional methods based on the analysis of Maker fringes. We illustrate our measurement technique and show some typical data for crystals of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium niobate. We intend to maintain our apparatus to encourage rapid and complete characterization of new nonlinear crystals, and also to improve the nonlinear tensor data base for established nonlinear crystals. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Dept 1118, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Smith, AV (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Dept 1118, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 14 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 74 IS 7 BP 3250 EP 3257 DI 10.1063/1.1581393 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 694CP UT WOS:000183756500003 ER PT J AU Nishimura, H Lambertson, G Kalnins, JG Gould, H AF Nishimura, H Lambertson, G Kalnins, JG Gould, H TI Feasibility of a synchrotron storage ring for neutral polar molecules SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID BEAMS; ATOMS; TRAP AB Using calculations and mathematical modeling, we demonstrate the feasibility of constructing a synchrotron storage ring for neutral polar molecules. The lattice is a racetrack type 3.6 m in circumference consisting of two 180degrees arcs, six bunchers, and two long straight sections. Each straight section contains two triplet focusing lenses and space for beam injection and experiments. The design also includes a matched injector and a linear decelerator. Up to 60 bunches can be loaded and simultaneously stored in the ring. The molecules are injected at 90 m/s but the velocity of the circulating beam can be decelerated to 60 m/s after injection. The modeling uses deuterated ammonia ((NH3)-N-14-H-2) molecules in a weak-field seeking state. A beam that survives 400 turns (15 s), has horizontal and vertical acceptances of 35 and 70 mm mrad, respectively, and an energy acceptance of +/-2%. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Nishimura, H (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Mail Stop 80-101, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 25 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 74 IS 7 BP 3271 EP 3278 DI 10.1063/1.1578159 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 694CP UT WOS:000183756500006 ER PT J AU Hu, DH Micic, M Klymyshyn, N Suh, YD Lu, HP AF Hu, DH Micic, M Klymyshyn, N Suh, YD Lu, HP TI Correlated topographic and spectroscopic imaging beyond diffraction limit by atomic force microscopy metallic tip-enhanced near-field fluorescence lifetime microscopy SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID SCANNING OPTICAL MICROSCOPY; RHODAMINE 6G MOLECULES; RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; SINGLE-MOLECULE; TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; ENERGY-TRANSFER; FIBER PROBE; SURFACE; SCATTERING; SIMULATION AB A near-field optical imaging approach is demonstrated for simultaneous topographic and spectroscopic imaging with spatial resolution beyond the optical diffraction limit. The method combines metallic-tip-based tapping-mode atomic force microscopy (AFM) with fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM). The AFM metallic tip was formed by sputter coating a Si tapping mode tip with Au, in a way that forms a globular tip apex. Such tip apex generates high local electric field enhancement under laser illumination, which provides a strong electric-field interaction between the AFM tip and the fluorescent molecules under the tip. The tip perturbation of fluorescence gives the fluorescence lifetime changes that provide the AFM-FLIM imaging contrast. A finite element method simulation was used to further evaluate the electric near-field enhancement and electric field distribution originating from the metallic Au-coated AFM tapping-mode tip. We have demonstrated that spatially mapping the change in fluorescence lifetime and intensity is a promising approach to spectroscopic imaging at an AFM spatial resolution typically defined by the apex diameter of the AFM tips. The globular Au-coated AFM tip not only gives adequate spatial AFM tapping-mode imaging spatial resolution but also is "environmentally friendly" to soft samples, such as polymeric dye-labeled nanospheres and even biological specimens such as POPO-3 labeled DNA. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental Sci Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Lu, HP (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental Sci Div, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM peter.lu@pnl.gov RI Hu, Dehong/B-4650-2010 OI Hu, Dehong/0000-0002-3974-2963 NR 68 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 3 U2 25 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 EI 1089-7623 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 74 IS 7 BP 3347 EP 3355 DI 10.1063/1.1581359 PG 9 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 694CP UT WOS:000183756500018 ER PT J AU Zurek, WH AF Zurek, WH TI Decoherence, einselection, and the quantum origins of the classical SO REVIEWS OF MODERN PHYSICS LA English DT Review ID ERROR-CORRECTING CODES; NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; RELATIVE STATE FORMULATION; BROWNIAN-MOTION; WAVE-FUNCTION; CONSISTENT HISTORIES; HARMONIC-OSCILLATOR; PREFERRED BASIS; OPEN SYSTEMS; STATISTICAL INTERPRETATION AB The manner in which states of some quantum systems become effectively classical is of great significance for the foundations of quantum physics, as well as for problems of practical interest such as quantum engineering. In the past two decades it has become increasingly clear that many (perhaps all) of the symptoms of classicality can be induced in quantum systems by their environments. Thus decoherence is caused by the interaction in which the environment in effect monitors certain observables of the system, destroying coherence between the pointer states corresponding to their eigenvalues. This leads to environment-induced superselection or einselection, a quantum process associated with selective loss of information. Einselected pointer states are stable. They can retain correlations with the rest of the universe in spite of the environment. Einselection enforces classicality by imposing an effective ban on the vast majority of the Hilbert space, eliminating especially the flagrantly nonlocal "Schrodinger-cat states." The classical structure of phase space emerges from the quantum Hilbert space in the appropriate macroscopic limit. Combination of einselection with dynamics leads to the idealizations of a point and of a classical trajectory. In measurements, einselection replaces quantum entanglement between the apparatus and the measured system with the classical correlation. Only the preferred pointer observable of the apparatus can store information that has predictive power. When the measured quantum system is microscopic and isolated, this restriction on the predictive utility of its correlations with the macroscopic apparatus results in the effective "collapse of the wave packet." The existential interpretation implied by einselection regards observers as open quantum systems, distinguished only by their ability to acquire, store, and process information. Spreading of the correlations with the effectively classical pointer states throughout the environment allows one to understand "classical reality" as a property based on the relatively objective existence of the einselected states. Effectively classical pointer states can be "found out" without being re-prepared, e.g, by intercepting the information already present in the environment. The redundancy of the records of pointer states in the environment (which can be thought of as their "fitness" in the Darwinian sense) is a measure of their classicality. A new symmetry appears in this setting. Environment-assisted invariance or envariance sheds new light on the nature of ignorance of the state of the system due to quantum correlations with the environment and leads to Born's rules and to reduced density matrices, ultimately justifying basic principles of the program of decoherence and einselection. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theory, Mail Stop B210, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 343 TC 1671 Z9 1693 U1 27 U2 203 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0034-6861 EI 1539-0756 J9 REV MOD PHYS JI Rev. Mod. Phys. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 75 IS 3 BP 715 EP 775 DI 10.1103/RevModPhys.75.715 PG 61 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 716JY UT WOS:000185026100001 ER PT J AU Bradley, R Clarke, J Kinion, D Rosenberg, LJ van Bibber, K Matsuki, S Muck, M Sikivie, P AF Bradley, R Clarke, J Kinion, D Rosenberg, LJ van Bibber, K Matsuki, S Muck, M Sikivie, P TI Microwave cavity searches for dark-matter axions SO REVIEWS OF MODERN PHYSICS LA English DT Review ID QUANTUM INTERFERENCE DEVICE; STRONG CP PROBLEM; ISOTHERMAL DENSITY PERTURBATIONS; QCD PHASE-TRANSITION; EXCITED RB RYDBERG; INVISIBLE-AXION; RADIOFREQUENCY-AMPLIFIER; COSMIC AXIONS; LOW-NOISE; INFLATIONARY UNIVERSE AB Recent determinations of cosmological parameters point to a flat Universe, whose total energy density is composed of about two-thirds vacuum energy and one-third matter. Ordinary baryonic matter is relegated to a small fraction of the latter, within which the luminous part is an order of magnitude smaller yet. Particle dark matter, i.e., one or more relic particle species from the big bang, is thus strongly suggested as the dominant component of matter in the Universe. The axion, a hypothetical elementary pseudoscalar arising from the Peccei-Quinn solution to the strong-CP problem, is a well-motivated candidate. If the axion exists, it must be extremely light, in the mass range of 10(-6)-10(-3) eV, and possess extraordinarily feeble couplings to matter and radiation. Nevertheless, as proposed by Sikivie in 1983, the axion's two-photon coupling lends itself to a feasible search strategy with currently available technology. In this scheme, axions resonantly convert to single microwave photons by a Primakoff interaction, in a tunable microwave cavity permeated by a strong magnetic field. Present experiments utilizing heterostructure transistor microwave amplifiers have achieved total system noise temperatures of similar to3 K and represent the world's quietest spectral radio receivers. Exclusion regions have already been published well into the band of realistic axion model couplings, within the lowest decade of mass range. Recent breakthroughs in the development of near-quantum-limited superconducting quantum interference device amplifiers should reduce the system noise temperature to similar to100 mK or less. Ongoing research into using Rydberg-atom single-quantum detectors as the detector in a microwave cavity experiment could further reduce the effective noise temperature. In parallel with improvements in amplifier technology, promising concepts for higher-frequency cavity resonators are being explored to open up the higher decades in mass range. Definitive experiments to find or exclude the axion may therefore be at hand in the next few years. As the microwave cavity technique measures the total energy of the axion, a positive discovery could well reveal fine structure of the signal due to flows of nonthermalized axions. Manifesting diurnal and sidereal modulation, such detailed features would contain a wealth of information about the history, structure, and dynamics of our Milky Way galaxy. C1 Natl Radio Astron Observ, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Kyoto Univ, Kyoto 6110011, Japan. Univ Giessen, D-35392 Giessen, Germany. Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Bradley, R (reprint author), Natl Radio Astron Observ, Edgemont Rd, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. NR 185 TC 130 Z9 131 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0034-6861 J9 REV MOD PHYS JI Rev. Mod. Phys. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 75 IS 3 BP 777 EP 817 DI 10.1103/RevModPhys.75.777 PG 41 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 716JY UT WOS:000185026100002 ER PT J AU Davis, R AF Davis, R TI Nobel lecture: A half-century with solar neutrinos SO REVIEWS OF MODERN PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID FUSION CATALYSIS; OSCILLATIONS; CAPTURE; FLUX; QUARKS; SEARCH; MATTER; MODELS; TIME; SUN C1 Univ Penn, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Davis, R (reprint author), Univ Penn, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 46 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0034-6861 J9 REV MOD PHYS JI Rev. Mod. Phys. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 75 IS 3 BP 985 EP 994 DI 10.1103/RevModPhys.75.985 PG 10 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 716JY UT WOS:000185026100008 ER PT J AU Lorusso, GF Joy, DC AF Lorusso, GF Joy, DC TI Experimental resolution measurement in critical dimension scanning electron microscope metrology SO SCANNING LA English DT Article DE critical dimension scanning electron microscope; critical dimension metrology; correlation; Fourier analysis ID PERFORMANCE; SYSTEMS; SIZE AB By applying the basic principles of metrology we discuss how to define the standards that any experimental method to measure resolution has to obey. Our results clearly indicate the need to apply a calibration procedure when designing algorithms to estimate resolution to satisfy accuracy requirements. Similarly, the precision of an algorithm has to be clearly specified. We compare here the performances of a variety of commonly used implementations of published methods, with that of an algorithm based on an approach known to be reliable. Our results confirm that when an algorithm is designed with the clear intent of satisfying metrology requirements, it demonstrates excellent accuracy, precision, and lack of sensitivity to the noise level, as is desirable. As a consequence, the algorithm will have the ability to measure accurately the point spread function convoluted in the image, thus paving the way for quantitative deconvolution techniques. C1 Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37997 USA. KLA Tencor Corp, Dept CD Metrol, San Jose, CA USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Joy, DC (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37997 USA. NR 18 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU FAMS INC PI MAHWAH PA BOX 832, MAHWAH, NJ 07430-0832 USA SN 0161-0457 J9 SCANNING JI Scanning PD JUL-AUG PY 2003 VL 25 IS 4 BP 175 EP 180 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Microscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Microscopy GA 705FD UT WOS:000184384300002 PM 12926608 ER PT J AU Tang, XH Joy, DC AF Tang, XH Joy, DC TI Quantitative measurements of charging in a gaseous environment SO SCANNING LA English DT Article DE charging; electron beam; gaseous environment; x-ray spectrum; Duane-Hunt limit ID SCANNING ELECTRON-MICROSCOPE; SEM AB Charge accumulation in insulating or semi-conducting samples due to electron beam irradiation is one of the key problems in electron microscopy. One of the most promising techniques for reducing the severity of such charging is to surround the sample with a low-pressure atmosphere of a gas. The charging behavior of a number of materials, surrounded by a variety of gases, has been determined to identify the important factors which control charging under these conditions. The magnitude of the surface potential was deduced from an analysis of x-ray spectra from the surface. The relationship between surface charge, gas pressure, and gas type are measured, and the charging reduction efficiency (CRE) is compared. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. Univ Tennessee, Elect Microscope Facil, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Joy, DC (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Biochem Cellular & Mol Biol, Sci & Engn Facil 232, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. NR 13 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU FAMS INC PI MAHWAH PA BOX 832, MAHWAH, NJ 07430-0832 USA SN 0161-0457 J9 SCANNING JI Scanning PD JUL-AUG PY 2003 VL 25 IS 4 BP 194 EP 200 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Microscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Microscopy GA 705FD UT WOS:000184384300005 PM 12926611 ER PT J AU Prasad, MS Joy, DC AF Prasad, MS Joy, DC TI Measurements of absolute X-ray generation efficiency for selected K, L, and M-lines SO SCANNING LA English DT Article DE fluorescent x-rays; generation efficiency; microanalysis AB The absolute efficiency of generation of a selection of K, L, and M- x-ray lines has been measured as a function of the incident electron beam energy. At an overvoltage U=2 this efficiency falls within the range 1E-4 to 1E-7, with K-lines being highest and L-Lines usually being the lowest. It is shown that for all three families of lines the efficiency has a functional variation which has the form A. (U- 1)(n), as first suggested by Compton and Allison, where A and n are constants. Values of A and n for the K, L, and M shells are tabulated. The smoothly varying behavior of the efficiency makes it well suited for analytical use and spectrum simulation purposes. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Biochem Cellular & Mol Biol, EM Facil, Knoxville, TN 37997 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Joy, DC (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Biochem Cellular & Mol Biol, EM Facil, Knoxville, TN 37997 USA. NR 11 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU FAMS INC PI MAHWAH PA BOX 832, MAHWAH, NJ 07430-0832 USA SN 0161-0457 J9 SCANNING JI Scanning PD JUL-AUG PY 2003 VL 25 IS 4 BP 210 EP 215 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Microscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Microscopy GA 705FD UT WOS:000184384300007 PM 12926613 ER PT J AU Kenik, EA Maziasz, PJ Swindeman, RW Cervenka, J May, D AF Kenik, EA Maziasz, PJ Swindeman, RW Cervenka, J May, D TI Structure and phase stability in a cast modified-HP austenite after long-term ageing SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE austenite; high temperature; phase transformations; carbides; analytical electron microscopy ID STEELS AB Phase transformations in a cast HP series alloy after long-term ageing were determined by analytical electron microscopy (AEM). Beyond the chromium and niobium carbides normally expected for the as-cast material, an eta phase enriched in Nb and Si is present, indicating phase instability at high temperatures (similar to1000 degreesC). (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. on behalf of Acta Materialia Inc. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. ABB Lummus Global Inc, Bloomfield, NJ 07003 USA. NOVA Chem Canada Ltd, Sarnia, ON N7T 8A3, Canada. RP Kenik, EA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Bldg 4515,MS6064, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. OI Maziasz, Philip/0000-0001-8207-334X NR 11 TC 38 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 49 IS 2 BP 117 EP 122 DI 10.1016/S1359-6462(03)00238-0 PG 6 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 681QU UT WOS:000183047500002 ER PT J AU Clausen, B Lee, SY Ustundag, E Aydiner, CC Conner, RD Bourke, MAM AF Clausen, B Lee, SY Ustundag, E Aydiner, CC Conner, RD Bourke, MAM TI Compressive yielding of tungsten fiber reinforced bulk metallic glass composites SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE neutron diffraction; metallic glasses; fiber reinforced composites; residual stresses; finite element analysis ID FRACTURE-TOUGHNESS; MATRIX COMPOSITES; STRESSES AB In-situ uniaxial compression tests were conducted on four tungsten fiber reinforced bulk metallic glass matrix composites using neutron diffraction. The results were interpreted with a finite element model. Both phases were seen to approximately obey the von Mises yield criterion. The fibers were observed to yield first and then transfer load to the matrix. (C) 2003 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 CALTECH, Dept Mat Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Ustundag, E (reprint author), CALTECH, Dept Mat Sci, 1200 E Calif Blvd,MC 138-78, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RI Ustundag, Ersan/C-1258-2009; Clausen, Bjorn/B-3618-2015; OI Ustundag, Ersan/0000-0002-0812-7028; Clausen, Bjorn/0000-0003-3906-846X; Aydiner, Cahit/0000-0001-8256-6742 NR 15 TC 46 Z9 50 U1 2 U2 15 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 49 IS 2 BP 123 EP 128 DI 10.1016/S1359-6462(03)00237-9 PG 6 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 681QU UT WOS:000183047500003 ER PT J AU Ho, CK Lindgren, ER Rawlinson, KS McGrath, LK Wright, JL AF Ho, CK Lindgren, ER Rawlinson, KS McGrath, LK Wright, JL TI Development of a surface acoustic wave sensor for in-situ monitoring of volatile organic compounds SO SENSORS LA English DT Article DE SAW; surface acoustic wave; sensor; hydrocarbon; polymer; monitoring AB This paper describes the development of a surface-acoustic-wave ( SAW) sensor that is designed to be operated continuously and in situ to detect volatile organic compounds. A ruggedized stainless-steel package that encases the SAW device and integrated circuit board allows the sensor to be deployed in a variety of media including air, soil, and even water. Polymers were optimized and chosen based on their response to chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons (e.g., trichloroethylene), which are common groundwater contaminants. Initial testing indicates that a running-average data-logging algorithm can reduce the noise and increase the sensitivity of the in-situ sensor. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Ho, CK (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 8 TC 44 Z9 45 U1 5 U2 22 PU MOLECULAR DIVERSITY PRESERVATION INTERNATIONAL PI BASEL PA MATTHAEUSSTRASSE 11, CH-4057 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1424-8220 J9 SENSORS JI Sensors PD JUL PY 2003 VL 3 IS 7 BP 236 EP 247 DI 10.3390/s30700236 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 706RQ UT WOS:000184468100004 ER PT J AU Reichmuth, DS Chirica, GS Kirby, BJ AF Reichmuth, DS Chirica, GS Kirby, BJ TI Increasing the performance of high-pressure, high-efficiency electrokinetic micropumps using zwitterionic solute additives SO SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL LA English DT Article DE micropump; electroosmosis; zwitterion; dielectric increment ID POLYMER MONOLITHS; POROUS-MEDIA; ELECTROCHROMATOGRAPHY AB A zwitterionic additive is used to improve the performance of electrokinetic micropumps (EK pumps), which use voltage applied across a porous matrix to generate electroosmotic pressure and flow in microfluidic systems. Modeling of EK pump systems predicts that the additive, trimethylammoniopropane sulfonate (TMAPS), will result in up to a 3.3-fold increase in pumping efficiency and up to a 2.5-fold increase in the generated pressure. These predictive relations compare well with experimental results for flow, pressure and efficiency. With these improvements, pressures up to 156 kPa/V (22 psi/V) and efficiency up to 5.6% are demonstrated. Similar improvements can be expected from a wide range of zwitterionic species that exhibit large dipole moments and positive linear dielectric increments. These improvements lead to a reduction in voltage and power requirements and will facilitate miniaturization of micro-total-analysis systems (muTAS) and microfluidically driven actuators. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Microfluid Dept, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Kirby, BJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Microfluid Dept, POB 969,MS 9951, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 22 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 1 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-4005 J9 SENSOR ACTUAT B-CHEM JI Sens. Actuator B-Chem. PD JUL 1 PY 2003 VL 92 IS 1-2 BP 37 EP 43 DI 10.1016/S0925-4005(03)00128-X PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 683RA UT WOS:000183162200005 ER PT J AU Rivera, D Alam, MK Davis, CE Ho, CK AF Rivera, D Alam, MK Davis, CE Ho, CK TI Characterization of the ability of polymeric chemiresistor arrays to quantitate trichloroethylene using partial least squares (PLS): effects of experimental design, humidity, and temperature SO SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL LA English DT Article DE partial least squares; experimental design; calibration; chemiresistor; in situ environmental monitoring ID RELATIVE-HUMIDITY; SPECTRAL ANALYSES; ORGANIC VAPORS; RESPONSES; SENSORS; TASKS AB Polymeric chemiresistors are a class of chemical sensor that have promise for being practical in situ sensors of volatile organic compounds (VOC) in various environmental monitoring applications. However, these devices may undergo changes in response due to changes in temperature or humidity that must be taken into consideration when developing calibration models. The devices can also display significant hysteresis effects after exposure to VOC vapor. These effects are complicated by the fact that each sensor within an array is coated with a different polymer, each with a different response to temperature, humidity, and VOC exposure. It is shown that partial least squares (PLS) can provide quantitative predictions of trichloroethylene (TCE) using an array of chemiresistors through appropriate experimental design. Effects of humidity and temperature on the response of chemiresistor arrays and predictive ability of PLS are also discussed. It is also shown that to truly assess the quality of a calibration model it must be first tested through prediction of a test set at a time separated from the acquisition of the calibration data. Using only leave-one-out cross-validation results from the calibration can lead to unwarranted confidence in a model that is not stable with respect to changing environmental conditions and device drift. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Chem & Biol Sensing Imaging & Anal 1812, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Micro Syst Sensors & Technol 1744, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Geohydrol 6115, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Alam, MK (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Chem & Biol Sensing Imaging & Anal 1812, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 26 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-4005 J9 SENSOR ACTUAT B-CHEM JI Sens. Actuator B-Chem. PD JUL 1 PY 2003 VL 92 IS 1-2 BP 110 EP 120 DI 10.1016/S0925-4005(03)00122-9 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 683RA UT WOS:000183162200015 ER PT J AU Zhou, JZ Xia, BC Huang, HS Treves, DS Hauser, LJ Mural, RJ Palumbo, AV Tiedje, JM AF Zhou, JZ Xia, BC Huang, HS Treves, DS Hauser, LJ Mural, RJ Palumbo, AV Tiedje, JM TI Bacterial phylogenetic diversity and a novel candidate division of two humid region, sandy surface soils SO SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE SSU rRNA genes; phylogenetic diversity; soil microbial community ID MOLECULAR MICROBIAL DIVERSITY; COMMUNITY; ENVIRONMENT; ARCHAEA; DNA; CLONING; MEMBERS AB The extent of microbial community diversity in two similar sandy surface soils from Virginia and Delaware (USA) was analysed with a culture-independent small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) gene-based cloning approach with about 400-700 SSU rDNA clones obtained from each sample. While there were no operational taxonomic units (OTUs) having more than three individuals, about 96-99% of the OTUs had only a single individual. The clones showing less than 85% similarity to the sequences in the current databases were fully sequenced. The majority of the clones (55%) had sequences that were more than 20% different from those in the current databases. About 37% of the clones differed by 15-20% in sequence from the database, 16% of the clones differed by 10-15%, and 5% of the clones differed by only 1 - 10%. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that these sequences fell into 10 of the 35-40 known phylogenetic divisions. Many of the clones were affiliated with Acidobacterium (35%). While a substantial portion of the clones belong to alpha (24%) and beta (12%) Proteobacteria, a few of them were affiliated with delta (6%) and gamma (3%) Proteobacteria. About 6% of the clones belong to Planctomycetes, and 4% of the clones were related to gram-positive bacteria. About 4% of clones were related to other bacterial divisions, including Cytophaga, Green sulfur bacteria, Nitrospira, OP10, and Verrucomicrobia. Eight sequences had no specific association with any of the known divisions or candidate divisions and were phylogenetically divided into three novel division level groups, named AD1, AD2 and AD3. Candidate division AD1 represented by six clones (4%) was found in both sites and consisted of two subdivisions. The community structures were similar between these two widely separated, sandy, oligotrophic, surface soils under grass vegetation in a temperate, humid climate but somewhat dissimilar to community structures revealed in similar studies in other types of soil habitats. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN USA. Michigan State Univ, Ctr Microbial Ecol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Zhou, JZ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Palumbo, Anthony/A-4764-2011; Hauser, Loren/H-3881-2012 OI Palumbo, Anthony/0000-0002-1102-3975; NR 29 TC 42 Z9 50 U1 1 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-0717 J9 SOIL BIOL BIOCHEM JI Soil Biol. Biochem. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 35 IS 7 BP 915 EP 924 DI 10.1016/S0038-0717(03)00124-X PG 10 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 700RT UT WOS:000184125500005 ER PT J AU Wilcox, BP Breshears, DD Turin, HJ AF Wilcox, BP Breshears, DD Turin, HJ TI Hydraulic conductivity in a pinon-juniper woodland: Influence of vegetation SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SEMIARID WOODLAND; NEW-MEXICO; SAGEBRUSH RANGELAND; SPATIAL VARIABILITY; SEDIMENT PRODUCTION; SIMULATED RAINFALL; INFILTRATION RATES; SOIL-MOISTURE; EROSION; RUNOFF AB In semiarid environments, vegetation affects surface runoff either by altering surface characteristics (e.g., surface roughness, litter absorption) or subsurface characteristics (e.g., hydraulic conductivity). Previous observations of runoff within a pinon-juniper [Pinus edulis Englem. and Juniperus monosperma (Englem.) Sarg.] woodland led us to hypothesize that hydraulic conductivity differs between vegetation types. Using ponded and tension infiltrometers, we measured saturated (K-s) and unsaturated [K(h)] hydraulic conductivity at three levels of a nested hierarchy: the patch (canopy and intercanopy), the unit (juniper canopy, pinon canopy, vegetated intercanopy, and bare intercanopy), and the intercanopy locus (grass, biological soil crust, bare spot). Differences were smaller than expected and generally not significant. Canopy and intercanopy K, values were comparable with the exception of a small number of exceedingly high readings under the juniper canopy-a difference we attribute to higher surface macroporosity beneath juniper canopies. The unsaturated hydraulic conductivity, K(h), values were higher for canopy soils than for intercanopy soils, although differences were small. At the unit level, the only significant differences were for K(h) between juniper or pinon canopies vs. bare interspaces. Median K values for vegetated intercanopy areas were intermediate between but not significantly different from those for canopies and bare areas. There were no significant differences between grass, biological soil crust, and bare spots within the herbaceous intercanopy area. Overall, the observed differences in K between canopy and intercanopy patches do not account for differences in runoff observed previously. C1 Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Wilcox, BP (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RI Breshears, David/B-9318-2009 OI Breshears, David/0000-0001-6601-0058 NR 48 TC 53 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 18 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD JUL-AUG PY 2003 VL 67 IS 4 BP 1243 EP 1249 PG 7 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 700XP UT WOS:000184136700022 ER PT J AU Edwards, NT Riggs, JS AF Edwards, NT Riggs, JS TI Automated monitoring of soil respiration: A moving chamber design SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID CO2 EFFLUX; SURFACE; FOREST; FIELD; FLUX AB We designed, constructed, and tested an automated chamber system for continuously monitoring soil respiration. Our objective was to design a chamber that would permit monitoring of CO2 efflux rates over long time periods without altering the natural microclimate within the chamber. Furthermore, the design would permit accurate measurements even in a highly fluctuating CO2 environment. We built a chamber that operates by closing over the soil in response to a control signal and remains closed for a 14-min period before opening again. Thus, the chamber allows normal drying and wetting of the soil between measurements. An automated switching system was programmed to sequentially open and close chambers in concert with an infrared gas analysis system (IRGA). The IRGA was operated in a differential mode, and equivalent How rates of reference gas (ambient air) and sample gas (air exiting chamber) were maintained with mass flow controllers. A flexible neoprene lid, stretched tightly over each chamber when closed, provided an airtight seal. This feature and the use of a large mixing bottle (for buffering frequent changes in ambient CO2 concentration) permitted us to measure Soil CO2 efflux rates even in an environment with highly variable atmospheric CO2 concentration. Soil respiration rates, measured over a period of several weeks with the automated chambers, were in agreement with traditional point-in-time measurements, and the soil microclimate was not affected by the chambers. However, when extrapolated over a period of several weeks the point-in-time measurements overestimated CO2 efflux rates based on continuous measurements with the automated system. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Edwards, NT (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 14 TC 21 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 11 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD JUL-AUG PY 2003 VL 67 IS 4 BP 1266 EP 1271 PG 6 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 700XP UT WOS:000184136700025 ER PT J AU Mahan, AH AF Mahan, AH TI Hot wire chemical vapor deposition of Si containing materials for solar cells SO SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS LA English DT Article DE vapor deposition; filament; growth ID HYDROGENATED AMORPHOUS-SILICON; GENERATED ATOMIC-HYDROGEN; MICROCRYSTALLINE SILICON; CAT-CVD; GLOW-DISCHARGE; POLYSILICON FILMS; LOW-TEMPERATURES; DEVICE-QUALITY; GAS-PHASE; POLYCRYSTALLINE AB A review of the hot wire chemical vapor deposition (HWCVD) of Si-containing materials for solar cell applications is given. A short history of the technique is given, starting from the early 1970s up to the present time. This is followed by a summary of radical detection and gas phase interaction results aimed towards achieving a basic understanding of this process. Next, issues particular to HWCVD growth are presented. These deal mainly with the filament, and include different methods of mounting filaments, filament contamination issues, filament alloying and its effect on both filament lifetime and film properties, and substrate heating by the filament. Differences between PECVD and HWCVD growth are then summarized, and this is followed by examples of research results indicating unique film properties. Included in these examples are works on amorphous silicon, microcrystalline silicon, silicon nitride, and a new technique for deposition of large grained poly Si by utilizing the etching of silicon by atomic hydrogen produced by the filament. Finally, the future prospects of HWCVD are briefly discussed. (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Mahan, AH (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 90 TC 54 Z9 55 U1 3 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-0248 J9 SOL ENERG MAT SOL C JI Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells PD JUL PY 2003 VL 78 IS 1-4 BP 299 EP 327 DI 10.1016/S0927-0248(02)00440-3 PG 29 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA 694WL UT WOS:000183798100011 ER PT J AU Stradins, P AF Stradins, P TI Light-induced degradation in a-Si : H and its relation to defect creation SO SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS LA English DT Article DE degradation; amorphous silicon; defect creation ID HYDROGENATED AMORPHOUS-SILICON; MOBILITY-LIFETIME PRODUCT; METASTABLE DEFECTS; LOW-TEMPERATURES; DRIFT MOBILITY; PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY; RECOMBINATION; KINETICS; GENERATION; STABILITY AB Light-induced degradation of the photoconductivity of hydrogenated amorphous silicon, a-Si:H, called the Staebler-Wronski effect (SWE) is caused by the creation of defects that act as recombination centers. The creation efficiency as well as its kinetics is essentially the same between 4 and 300 K despite drastic changes in the recombination processes. Defects are created with the same spin signature but with greatly different thermal stability and electron capture cross sections. There appears to be a strong link between the latter two properties. The creation-annealing hystereses of free carrier lifetime and defect concentration are explained. The SWE is reduced in high electric fields at 4.2 K suggesting the possible importance of non-radiative geminate recombinations. The validity of accepted rate equations for the SWE excited by cw and laser pulses is questioned. Evidence for long-lived (similar to10 mus) precursors of SWE defect creation is presented. Problems with existing SWE models and understanding of defect capture properties are formulated. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Stradins, P (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM pauls_stradins@nrel.gov NR 54 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-0248 EI 1879-3398 J9 SOL ENERG MAT SOL C JI Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells PD JUL PY 2003 VL 78 IS 1-4 BP 349 EP 367 DI 10.1016/S0927-0248(02)00442-7 PG 19 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA 694WL UT WOS:000183798100013 ER PT J AU Branz, HM AF Branz, HM TI The hydrogen collision model of metastability after 5 years: experimental tests and theoretical extensions SO SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS LA English DT Article DE hydrogen collision; metastability; amorphous silicon ID A-SI-H; LIGHT-INDUCED METASTABILITY; AMORPHOUS-SILICON; DIFFUSION; DEFECTS; CREATION; PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY; DEGRADATION; BOND; DISSOCIATION AB This paper examines the hydrogen collision model of metastability in hydrogenated amorphous silicon nearly 5 years after its publication. A brief restatement of key model features and assumptions is followed by a review of recent, related, experimental and theoretical studies. Experimental tests and discoveries support several predictions and requirements of the model, including observation of (1) H pairing in the metastability final state, (2) a new timescale in defect creation, (3) an extremely high diffusion rate of mobile H and (4) room-temperature light-induced H motion. However, an experiment in a-SiGe:H casts doubt on the assumption of quasi-equilibration between the mobile H and dangling bonds. Theorists and modelers devised microscopic proposals for paired H in the metastability final state. but no entirely successful picture has emerged. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Natl Ctr Photovoltaics, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Branz, HM (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Natl Ctr Photovoltaics, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM hbranz@nrel.gov NR 54 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-0248 J9 SOL ENERG MAT SOL C JI Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells PD JUL PY 2003 VL 78 IS 1-4 BP 425 EP 445 DI 10.1016/S0927-0248(02)00446-4 PG 21 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA 694WL UT WOS:000183798100017 ER PT J AU Biswas, R Pan, BC AF Biswas, R Pan, BC TI Mechanisms of metastability in hydrogenated amorphous silicon SO SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS LA English DT Article DE metastability; molecular dynamics; atomistic mechanisms; infrared absorption; weak silicon bonds ID A-SI-H; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; LIGHT-INDUCED-CHANGES; STRUCTURAL-CHANGES; INDUCED DEGRADATION; COLLISION MODEL; TIGHT-BINDING; DEFECTS; PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY; RELAXATION AB We survey theoretical approaches to understanding the diverse metastable behavior in hydrogenated amorphous silicon. We discuss a recently developed network-rebonding model involving bonding rearrangements of silicon and hydrogen atoms. Using tight-binding molecular dynamics we find non-radiative recombination can break weak silicon bonds with low activation energies, producing dangling bond-floating bond pairs. The transient floating bonds annihilate generating local hydrogen motion and leaving behind isolated dangling bonds. Charged defects are also observed. Major experimental features of metastability including electron-spin resonance, t(1/3) kinetics, dangling-bond H anti-correlation, and hysteretic annealing are explained. In the second part we focus on large metastable structural changes observed in a-Si:H. We find H atoms have a local metastability involving the flipping of the H to the backside of the Si-H bond that results in a local increase of strain and increase of dipole moments. This naturally explains the larger infrared absorption found after light soaking, and may be related to other large structural changes in the network. Directions for future research are surveyed. (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ctr Microelect Res, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Dept Phys, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Biswas, R (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ctr Microelect Res, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RI Pan, Bicai/A-1235-2010 NR 48 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-0248 J9 SOL ENERG MAT SOL C JI Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells PD JUL PY 2003 VL 78 IS 1-4 BP 447 EP 467 DI 10.1016/S0927-0248(02)00447-6 PG 21 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA 694WL UT WOS:000183798100018 ER PT J AU Butov, LV AF Butov, LV TI Exciton condensation in coupled quantum wells SO SOLID STATE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Euroconference on Quantum Phase at the Nanoscale CY MAY 15-20, 2002 CL ERICE, ITALY SP European Comm, Natl Sci Fdn, Off Naval Res, European Off Aerosp Res & Dev, Natl Enterprise NanoSci & Nanotechnol, Ettire Majorana Ctr Sci Culture, ONRIFO DE quantum wells; exciton; condensation ID BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATION; STRONG MAGNETIC-FIELDS; INDIRECT MAGNETOEXCITONS; POTENTIAL TRAPS; NOBEL LECTURE; ELECTRON; GAS; TRANSPORT; PHASE; CU2O AB Bound electron-hole pairs-excitons-are Bose particles with small mass. Exciton Bose-Einstein condensation is expected to occur at a few degrees Kelvin-a temperature many orders of magnitude higher than for atoms. Experimentally, an exciton temperature well below I K is achieved in coupled quantum well (CQW) semiconductor nanostructures. In this contribution, we review briefly experiments that signal exciton condensation in CQWs: a strong enhancement of the indirect exciton mobility consistent with the onset of exciton superfluidity, a strong enhancement of the radiative decay rate of the indirect excitons consistent with exciton condensate superradiance, strong fluctuations of the indirect exciton emission consistent with critical fluctuations near the phase transition, and a strong enhancement of the exciton scattering rate with increasing concentration of the indirect excitons revealing bosonic stimulation of exciton scattering. Novel experiments with exciton condensation in potential traps, pattern formation in exciton system and macroscopically ordered exciton state will also be reviewed briefly. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 EO Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Russian Acad Sci, Inst Solid State Phys, Chernogolovka 142432, Russia. RP Butov, LV (reprint author), EO Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 51 TC 50 Z9 53 U1 1 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-1098 J9 SOLID STATE COMMUN JI Solid State Commun. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 127 IS 2 BP 89 EP 98 DI 10.1016/S0038-1098(03)00312-0 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 705GD UT WOS:000184386600005 ER PT J AU Perakis, IE Chemla, DS AF Perakis, IE Chemla, DS TI Coherent ultrafast dynamics in the quantum Hall effect regime SO SOLID STATE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Euroconference on Quantum Phase at the Nanoscale CY MAY 15-20, 2002 CL ERICE, ITALY SP European Comm, Natl Sci Fdn, Off Naval Res, European Off Aerosp Res & Dev, Natl Enterprise NanoSci & Nanotechnol, Ettire Majorana Ctr Sci Culture, ONRIFO DE nanostructures; collective effects; strong correlations; quantum Hall effect; ultrafast non-linear optical spectroscopy ID FERMI-EDGE SINGULARITY; VIRTUAL EXCITATION; MANY-BODY; SEMICONDUCTOR; HIERARCHY AB We review recent investigations of the femtosecond non-linear optical response of the two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) in the quantum Hall effect regime. We find that the time and frequency profile of the four-wave-mixing non-linear optical spectrum is strongly influenced by Coulomb correlations between the photoexcited electron-hole pairs and the 2DEG collective excitations. We discuss experimental and theoretical results showing non-Markovian memory effects in the polarization dephasing, and an optically induced time-dependent coupling between the two lowest Landau level magnetoexcitons. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Crete, Dept Phys, Iraklion 71003, Crete, Greece. Fdn Res & Technol Hellas, Iraklion 71003, Crete, Greece. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Perakis, IE (reprint author), Univ Crete, Dept Phys, POB 2208, Iraklion 71003, Crete, Greece. RI Perakis, Ilias/G-9186-2011 NR 25 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-1098 J9 SOLID STATE COMMUN JI Solid State Commun. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 127 IS 2 BP 147 EP 154 DI 10.1016/S0038-1098(03)00342-9 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 705GD UT WOS:000184386600012 ER PT J AU Simner, SP Shelton, JP Anderson, MD Stevenson, JW AF Simner, SP Shelton, JP Anderson, MD Stevenson, JW TI Interaction between La(Sr)FeO(3) SOFC cathode and YSZ electrolyte SO SOLID STATE IONICS LA English DT Article DE YSZ; LSF; electrical conductivity AB Anode-supported yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) solid oxide fuel cells utilizing a Sr-doped LaFeO(3) (LSF) cathode show improved performance with the incorporation of a Sm-doped CeO(2) layer between the cathode and YSZ electrolyte. Detailed Xray diffraction (XRD) analysis of LSF-YSZ reaction mixtures indicates no strontium or lanthanum zirconate formation between these materials even at 1400 degreesC. However, a significant shift in the LSF diffraction peaks is readily apparent and corresponds to a unit cell volume expansion. The most likely scenario for the change in volume is considered to be the incorporation of Zr(4+) cations in the perovskite structure. The presence of the Zr cations subsequently results in reduced electrical conductivity of the cathode, potentially explaining the need for the aforementioned ceria interlayer. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Mat Sci Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Simner, SP (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Mat Sci Div, 902 Battelle Blvd, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM Steven.Simner@pnl.gov NR 13 TC 105 Z9 110 U1 5 U2 35 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2738 J9 SOLID STATE IONICS JI Solid State Ion. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 161 IS 1-2 BP 11 EP 18 DI 10.1016/S0167-2738(03)00158-9 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 720KX UT WOS:000185260900002 ER PT J AU Diebold, AC Joy, D AF Diebold, AC Joy, D TI A critical analysis of techniques and future CD metrology needs SO SOLID STATE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Determining the limits of various CD-metrology method is extremely important for future IC manufacturing. Venerable CD-SEM, Is at a crossroad where new direction is needed; the limits of scatterometry are not well characterized; and AFM needs new probe tip technology. We are at a point where considerable work is required on all. CD methods to meet future CD metrology, requirements. C1 Int Sematech, Austin, TX USA. Univ Tennessee, Oak Ridge, TN USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Diebold, AC (reprint author), Int Sematech, Austin, TX USA. NR 12 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU PENNWELL PUBL CO PI NORTHBROOK PA P O BOX 3284, NORTHBROOK, IL 60065-3284 USA SN 0038-111X J9 SOLID STATE TECHNOL JI Solid State Technol. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 46 IS 7 BP 63 EP + PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA 700YD UT WOS:000184138000010 ER PT J AU Muramatsu, Y Kaneyoshi, T Gullikson, EM Perera, RCC AF Muramatsu, Y Kaneyoshi, T Gullikson, EM Perera, RCC TI Angle-resolved soft X-ray emission and absorption spectroscopy of hexagonal boron nitride SO SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE soft X-ray; synchrotron radiation; X-ray emission; X-ray absorption; boron nitride; electronic structure ID BN; GRAPHITE; ANISOTROPY AB Angle-resolved soft X-ray emission and absorption spectra in the BK and NK regions of hexagonal BN were measured using polarized synchrotron radiation. The take-off/incident-angle-dependence on the spectral features in both X-ray emission and absorption is clearly observed. The configuration of the sigma and pi orbitals, which were calculated using discrete variational (DV)-Xalpha molecular orbital calculations, explains the angle-resolved soft X-ray emission and absorption spectra. The relative peak intensity of the 394-eV peak in the NK X-ray emission provides useful information about the BN layer ordering. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 JAERI, Kansai Res Estab, Mikazuki, Hyogo 6795148, Japan. Hyogo Prefectural Inst Ind Res, Suma Ku, Kobe, Hyogo 6540037, Japan. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Ctr Xray Opt, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Muramatsu, Y (reprint author), JAERI, Kansai Res Estab, 1-1-1 Kouto, Mikazuki, Hyogo 6795148, Japan. NR 13 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1386-1425 J9 SPECTROCHIM ACTA A JI Spectroc. Acta Pt. A-Molec. Biomolec. Spectr. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 59 IS 9 BP 1951 EP 1957 DI 10.1016/S1386-1425(02)00442-0 PG 7 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA 692RN UT WOS:000183674200004 PM 12788449 ER PT J AU Chaudhuri, BN Sawaya, MR Kim, CY Waldo, GS Park, MS Terwilliger, TC Yeates, TO AF Chaudhuri, BN Sawaya, MR Kim, CY Waldo, GS Park, MS Terwilliger, TC Yeates, TO TI The crystal structure of the first enzyme in the pantothenate biosynthetic pathway, ketopantoate hydroxymethyltransferase, from M-tuberculosis SO STRUCTURE LA English DT Article ID PROTEIN-STRUCTURE REFINEMENT; ASPERGILLUS-NIDULANS; ISOCITRATE LYASE; BARREL ENZYMES; COENZYME-A; PANB GENE; EVOLUTION; ALDOLASE; MECHANISM; LOCATION AB Ketopantoate hydroxymethyltransferase (KPHMT) catalyzes the first committed step in the biosynthesis of pantothenate, which is a precursor to coenzyme A and is required for penicillin biosynthesis. The crystal structure of KPHMT from Mycobacterium tuberculosis was determined by the single anomalous substitution (SAS) method at 2.8 Angstrom resolution. KPHMT adopts a structure that is a variation on the (beta/alpha) barrel fold, with a metal binding site proximal to the presumed catalytic site. The protein forms a decameric complex, with subunits in opposing pentameric rings held together by a swapping of their C-terminal alpha helices. The structure reveals KPHMT's membership in a small recently discovered group of (beta/alpha) barrel enzymes that employ domain swapping to form a variety of oligomeric assemblies. The apparent conservation of certain detailed structural characteristics suggests that KPHMT is distantly related by divergent evolution to enzymes in unrelated pathways, including isocitrate lyase and phosphoenolpyruvate mutase. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, UCLA DOE, Ctr Genom & Prote, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Biochem & Chem, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Yeates, TO (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, UCLA DOE, Ctr Genom & Prote, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RI Terwilliger, Thomas/K-4109-2012; OI Terwilliger, Thomas/0000-0001-6384-0320; Yeates, Todd/0000-0001-5709-9839; Sawaya, Michael/0000-0003-0874-9043 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [1 P50 GM62410] NR 53 TC 25 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 2 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 1100 MASSACHUSETTS AVE, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 USA SN 0969-2126 J9 STRUCTURE JI Structure PD JUL PY 2003 VL 11 IS 7 BP 753 EP 764 DI 10.1016/S0969-2126(03)00106-0 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA 699CA UT WOS:000184037300006 PM 12842039 ER PT J AU Liao, XZ Serquis, A Zhu, YT Civale, L Hammon, DL Peterson, DE Mueller, FM Nesterenko, VF Gu, Y AF Liao, XZ Serquis, A Zhu, YT Civale, L Hammon, DL Peterson, DE Mueller, FM Nesterenko, VF Gu, Y TI Defect structures in MgB2 wires introduced by hot isostatic pressing SO SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CRITICAL-CURRENT-DENSITY; THIN-FILMS; SUPERCONDUCTING PROPERTIES; COLUMNAR DEFECTS; GRAIN-BOUNDARIES; TUBE MGB2; YBA2CU3O7-DELTA; IRRADIATION; MICROSTRUCTURES; ENHANCEMENT AB The microstructures of MgB2 wires prepared by the powder-in-tube technique and subsequent hot isostatic pressing were investigated using transmission electron microscopy. A large amount of crystalline defects including small-angle twisting, tilting and bending boundaries, in which high densities of dislocations reside, was found forming sub-grains within MgB2 grains. It is believed that these defects resulted from particle deformation during the hot isostatic pressing process and are effective flux pinning centres that contribute to the high critical current densities of the wires at high temperatures and at high fields. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Supercond Technol Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Liao, XZ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Supercond Technol Ctr, MS K763, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Zhu, Yuntian/B-3021-2008; Liao, Xiaozhou/B-3168-2009; Serquis, Adriana/L-6554-2015 OI Zhu, Yuntian/0000-0002-5961-7422; Liao, Xiaozhou/0000-0001-8565-1758; Serquis, Adriana/0000-0003-1499-4782 NR 30 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-2048 J9 SUPERCOND SCI TECH JI Supercond. Sci. Technol. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 16 IS 7 BP 799 EP 803 AR PII S0953-2048(03)60502-6 DI 10.1088/0953-2048/16/7/310 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 707AR UT WOS:000184487700010 ER PT J AU Wu, J Walukiewicz, W AF Wu, J Walukiewicz, W TI Band gaps of InN and group III nitride alloys SO SUPERLATTICES AND MICROSTRUCTURES LA English DT Review ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; ATOMIC LAYER EPITAXY; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; INDIUM NITRIDE; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; PRESSURE-DEPENDENCE; IN1-XGAXN ALLOYS; SEMICONDUCTORS; FILMS; GAN AB We review the fundamental band gaps of wurtzite InN and group III nitride ternary alloys in the light of the recent discovery of the narrow band gap of InN. The results on the composition, temperature and hydrostatic pressure dependence of the band gaps of these alloys are summarized and discussed. The role of the Burstein-Moss shift for the accurate determination of the band gap is emphasized. The impact of the narrow band gap of InN on new device applications of group III nitrides is briefly discussed. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM w_walukiewicz@lbl.gov RI Wu, Junqiao/G-7840-2011 OI Wu, Junqiao/0000-0002-1498-0148 NR 42 TC 106 Z9 108 U1 1 U2 41 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0749-6036 J9 SUPERLATTICE MICROST JI Superlattices Microstruct. PD JUL-AUG PY 2003 VL 34 IS 1-2 BP 63 EP 75 DI 10.1016/j.spmi.2004.03.069 PG 13 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 832LH UT WOS:000222268500005 ER PT J AU van der Laan, G Chesnel, KC Belakhovsky, M Marty, A Livet, F Collins, SP Dudzik, E Haznar, A Attane, JP AF van der Laan, G Chesnel, KC Belakhovsky, M Marty, A Livet, F Collins, SP Dudzik, E Haznar, A Attane, JP TI Magnetic anisotropy of aligned magnetic stripe domains in FePd studied by soft X-ray resonant magnetic scattering, magnetic force microscopy and micromagnetic modeling SO SUPERLATTICES AND MICROSTRUCTURES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Low Dimensional Magnetism as Probed by Photons and Neutrons CY MAY 22-23, 2003 CL Ruhr Univ, Bochum, GERMANY HO Ruhr Univ DE X-ray resonant magnetic scattering; circular dichroism; perpendicular magnetic anisotropy; nanoscience; speckle; coherent X-rays; local disorder ID THIN-FILMS; DICHROISM; DEPENDENCE AB FePd thin-film samples with different perpendicular magnetic anisotropies have been studied with magnetic force microscopy (MFM), micromagnetic calculations and soft x-ray resonant magnetic scattering (SXRMS). The competition between perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) and shape anisotropy leads to the formation of highly ordered stripe domain patterns with a magnetization component perpendicular to the film plane. The magnetic stripes with a period of similar to100 nm, which are seen in the MFM images and can be modeled by micromagnetic calculations, give rise to magnetic peaks in the diffraction pattern. Closure domains occur in samples with a low to medium PMA, while a high PMA inhibits their formation. The in-plane magnetization component of the closure domains is not observable with MFM. In the presence of closure domains the interference between the scattering amplitudes in SXRMS from perpendicular and in-plane magnetized domains gives rise to a circular dichroism in the transverse geometry, where the scattering plane is along the stripes. We also recorded the magnetic speckle pattern from an 8 mum FePd wire using coherent x-rays and CCD detection. A high degree of coherence was obtained as evidenced from the observed intensity fluctuations. The speckle pattern can in principle provide information about the local disorder of the magnetic stripe domains. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 SERC, Daresbury Lab, Magnet Spect, Warrington WA4 4AD, Cheshire, England. CEA, Dept Rech Fondamentale Mar Condensee, Serv Phys Mat & Microstruct, F-38054 Grenoble, France. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, ALS, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. ENSEEG, INPG Grenoble, LTPCM, F-38402 St Martin Dheres, France. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Diamond Light Source, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. Hahn Meitner Inst Berlin GmbH, Bessy, D-12489 Berlin, Germany. Polish Acad Sci, Inst Low Temp & Struct Res, Wroclaw, Poland. RP van der Laan, G (reprint author), SERC, Daresbury Lab, Magnet Spect, Warrington WA4 4AD, Cheshire, England. EM g.vanderlaan@dl.ac.uk RI van der Laan, Gerrit/Q-1662-2015; marty, alain/H-7941-2014 OI van der Laan, Gerrit/0000-0001-6852-2495; marty, alain/0000-0001-5709-6945 NR 37 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 10 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0749-6036 J9 SUPERLATTICE MICROST JI Superlattices Microstruct. PD JUL-AUG PY 2003 VL 34 IS 1-2 BP 107 EP 126 DI 10.1016/j.spmi.2004.01.005 PG 20 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 832LH UT WOS:000222268500008 ER PT J AU Fournee, V Ross, AR Lograsso, TA Evans, JW Thiel, PA AF Fournee, V Ross, AR Lograsso, TA Evans, JW Thiel, PA TI Growth of Ag thin films on complex surfaces of quasicrystals and approximant phases SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE scanning tunneling microscopy; low energy electron diffraction (LEED); epitaxy; metallic surfaces; silver ID AL-PD-MN; ENERGY-ELECTRON DIFFRACTION; FIVEFOLD SURFACE; TEMPERATURE; NUCLEATION; AG(111); ALPDMN; OXYGEN AB The nucleation and growth of Ag thin films deposited on structurally complex alloy substrates is studied by scanning tunneling microscopy and low-energy electron diffraction. The substrates are high-symmetry surfaces of either icosahedral or decagonal quasicrystals or of related periodic crystals called approximants. At low coverage, completely different film morphologies are observed depending on the surface free energy of the substrate (relative to Ag). At high coverage, the formation of hexagonal nanocrystals is observed in all cases. These have fcc symmetry and pyramid-like multilayer stacking along the (111) direction. The constituent hexagonal islands have one, two or five different orientations depending on the rotational symmetry of the substrate on which the growth occurred. The films can be artificially smoothened by O-2 induced coarsening, leading to a patchwork of Ag nanocrystals with a perfect texture, which are separated by grain boundaries. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Ecole Mines, LSG2M, CNRS, UMR7584, F-54042 Nancy, France. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Math, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Ecole Mines, LSG2M, CNRS, UMR7584, Parc Saurupt, F-54042 Nancy, France. EM vincent.fournee@mines.inpl-nancy.fr NR 44 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 EI 1879-2758 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD JUL 1 PY 2003 VL 537 IS 1-3 BP 5 EP 26 DI 10.1016/S0039-6028(03)00691-5 PG 22 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 695VG UT WOS:000183850600007 ER PT J AU Adib, K Totir, GG Fitts, JP Rim, KT Mueller, T Flynn, GW Joyce, SA Osgood, RM AF Adib, K Totir, GG Fitts, JP Rim, KT Mueller, T Flynn, GW Joyce, SA Osgood, RM TI Chemistry of CCl4 on Fe3O4(111)-(2 x 2) surfaces in the presence of adsorbed D2O studied by temperature programmed desorption SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE molecule-solid reactions; thermal desorption spectroscopy; surface chemical reaction; iron oxide; halides; water ID SINGLE-CRYSTAL HEMATITE; AQUEOUS CR(VI); WATER; ADSORPTION; ALPHA-FE2O3(0001); SPECTROSCOPY; CATALYSIS; FEO(111); SELVEDGE; SCIENCE AB Temperature programmed desorption (TPD) was used to study surface reactions of Fe3O4(111)-(2 x 2) sequentially exposed, at similar to100 K, to vapor-phase D2O and CCl4. Previous TPD and XPS results have indicated that in the absence of D2O, CCl4 dissociatively adsorbs on Fe3O4(111) producing chemisorbed Cl and CCl2. Subsequent heating of the surface results in abstraction of lattice iron and oxygen atoms and causes them to desorb as FeCl2 and OCCl2, respectively. This study shows that when this Fe3O4 surface is exposed only to D2O, TPD measures a rich surface chemistry with multiple desorption events extending as high as similar to800 K, indicating dissociative adsorption of D2O on the Fe3O4(111) surface. After sequential exposure to D2O and then CCl4, the production of FeCl2 and OCCl2 from adsorbed CCl4 is suppressed, indicating that D2O fragments block the surface reactive sites. (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Columbia Univ, Ctr Integrated Sci & Engn, Environm Mol Sci Inst, New York, NY 10027 USA. Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Appl Math, Mat Sci Program, New York, NY 10027 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Osgood, RM (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Ctr Integrated Sci & Engn, Environm Mol Sci Inst, 530 W 120th St,Schaprio CEPSR,Rm 1001, New York, NY 10027 USA. RI Fitts, Jeffrey/J-3633-2012; Joyce, Stephen/Q-7804-2016 OI Joyce, Stephen/0000-0003-1330-7362 NR 36 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD JUL 1 PY 2003 VL 537 IS 1-3 BP 191 EP 204 DI 10.1016/S0039-6028(03)00647-2 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 695VG UT WOS:000183850600022 ER PT J AU Shah, V Li, T Baumert, KL Cheng, HS Sholl, DS AF Shah, V Li, T Baumert, KL Cheng, HS Sholl, DS TI A comparative study of CO chemisorption on flat and stepped Ni surfaces using density functional theory SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE carbon monoxide; stepped single crystal surfaces; density functional calculations; chemisorption; nickel ID TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; WAVE BASIS-SET; TRANSITION-METALS; ADSORPTION; NI(110); CARBON; KINETICS; APPROXIMATION; DISSOCIATION; RELAXATION AB Comparative studies of CO adsorption on Ni (110), Ni(111), Ni(210), and Ni(531) surfaces are carried out with density functional theory. On each surface, the favored adsorption site is determined by considering multiple possible adsorption sites. Adsorption energies and structural properties are compared with experimental results on the (110) and (111) surfaces. In both cases, good agreement with experimental data is found. At surface coverages where adsorbate-adsorbate interactions are relatively weak, the adsorption energy of CO is very similar on the four Ni surfaces. We show that CO bonding on each of these four Ni surfaces is quite similar, with the main contributions arising from the 5sigma and the 2pi molecular orbitals of CO. The implications of our results for understanding the structure sensitivity of CO dissociation on Ni are discussed. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. Air Prod & Chem Inc, Allentown, PA 18195 USA. RP Sholl, DS (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. NR 43 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 2 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD JUL 1 PY 2003 VL 537 IS 1-3 BP 217 EP 227 DI 10.1016/S0039-6028(03)00616-2 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 695VG UT WOS:000183850600024 ER PT J AU Sih, GC Chen, EP AF Sih, GC Chen, EP TI Dilatational and distortional behavior of cracks in magnetoelectroelastic materials SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED FRACTURE MECHANICS LA English DT Article DE dilatation and distortion; multi-scaling; cracks; magnetoelectroelastic material; poling effects AB Dilatation and distortion are the two basic modes of deformation in continuum mechanics. They occur at different time and position depending on the size scale under consideration. At the macroscopic scale, dilatational waves are said to arrive prior to distortional waves at a given location. Macro-plastic deformation caused by distortion off to the side of a macro-crack precedes that of macro-fracture caused by dilatation ahead of a macro-crack. Micro-plasticity and micro-cracking can introduce non-linearity to the macroscopic material behavior. Such effects can be modeled directly as geometric defects (dislocations and/or micro-cracks) or indirectly by introducing effective material coefficients in the constitutive relations. Material anisotropy and/or inhomogeneity, however, do not separate hydrostatic tension (or compression) state of stress from that of shear on the octahedral planes. The latter is the basis of the von-Mises yield criterion. Stated in terms of the strain energy density function, linear separation into one part for dilatation and another for distortion can be made only if the material is linearly isotropic and homogeneous. Recent trends of miniaturization of electronic components requires a better knowledge of how the micro-structure would affect the material response due to mechanical stress as well as other sources of disturbances. Continuum mechanics results need to be interpreted over a wider range of time and size scales, and a better understanding of their limitations need to be achieved. In what follows, the stationary values of the strain energy density function dW/dV will be shown to yield an interpretation of the local dilatational and distortional behavior of anisotropic (or non-homogeneous) materials with or without cracks. This quantity is not only attractive from the view point of mathematics and mechanics because it is positive definite, it also makes physical sense for non-linear materials where the quotient dW/dV could still be used to separate dilatation from distortion. Application of the minimum local energy density function should be distinguished from the global energy minimization method used in molecular dynamics which is applied to determine the equilibrium configuration of atoms. The response of a line crack in a magnetoelectroelastic (MEE) material will be used for discussion in order to illustrate the character of multi-scaling. Expressed differently is that the time and size scales for the transfer of magnetic, electric and elastic energies may not be the same. An arbitrary limiting process that assumes vanishing crack segments created by all forms of energy may not be justified at the local scale levels. What has been assumed at the global scale for isotropic and homogeneous situations may not be valid at the local scale levels where anisotropy and non-homogeneity are the rule rather then the exception. Numerical results are obtained for the composite BaTiO3-CoFe2O4. They show how magnetic and electric poling normal to a line crack could greatly affect the interplay between volume change and shape change of the local continuum elements at both the macroscopic and microscopic scale level. The micro-energy-density function is found to be three orders of magnitude higher than that at the macroscopic scale. The volume fraction of the inclusions made of BaTiO3 also comes into play for both Mode I and II mechanical loading. Potential micro-crack bifurcation is predicted in a region very close to the crack tip while macro-crack initiation occurs in a straight line for the MEE material. The information is relevant for developing macro- and micro-crack models where quantities and situations of secondary importance can be weeded out. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 E China Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Mech Engn, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China. Lehigh Univ, Dept Mech Engn & Mech, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Sci Based Mat Modeling Dept, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Sih, GC (reprint author), E China Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Mech Engn, Mail Box 295,130 Melong St, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China. NR 14 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8442 J9 THEOR APPL FRACT MEC JI Theor. Appl. Fract. Mech. PD JUL-AUG PY 2003 VL 40 IS 1 BP 1 EP 21 DI 10.1016/S0167-8442(03)00031-4 PG 21 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA 701JN UT WOS:000184164600001 ER PT J AU Williams, MA Coutant, CC AF Williams, MA Coutant, CC TI Modification of schooling behavior in larval atherinid fish Atherina mochon by heat exposure of eggs and larvae SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID CLUPEA-HARENGUS; METHYLMERCURY; ORGANIZATION AB We report the effects of short daily exposures to sublethal increases in water temperature during the egg and larval stages on the development of the schooling behavior of the little sand smelt Atherina mochon. The experiments were conducted to simulate the periodic exposure of different developmental stages to a transient thermal plume caused by the discharge of heated effluents into the spawning environment. Exposures were administered for eggs only, larvae only, and both eggs and larvae and consisted of nonlethal increases in water temperature from a 20degreesC acclimation temperature to 28.5degreesC over a period of 30 min, maintenance at 28.5degreesC for 15 min, and a gradual reduction to 20degreesC over 35 min. Heat treatments were administered to the egg-only and larvae-only groups for 10 consecutive days each; those administered at both the egg and larval stages were for 20 consecutive days. Behavioral testing of larval fish at 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, and 35 d posthatch showed significant modification or retardation of schooling behavior. There was an increase in number of approach-withdrawals (behavior that precedes parallel formation and involves the head-on approach of two fry and immediate veering away) as well as a decrease in parallel orientation (schooling), higher latency for the formation of the first schools, and shorter duration of the longest-persisting schools in most heat-exposed fish relative to the controls. Locomotor ability was diminished and schooling was unstable, with wide fish-to-fish distances and an absence of synchrony in the position and swimming speed of school members. These behaviors were indicative of a reduction in normal social interaction, in which fish swim close together and adjust to each other in a coordinated fashion, Additional research is required to determine whether subtle changes in schooling behavior are as important as immediate heat death to the survival of local fish populations. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Staz Zool Anton Dohrn, I-80077 Naples, Italy. RP Coutant, CC (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM coutantcc@ornl.gov NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0002-8487 J9 T AM FISH SOC JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 132 IS 4 BP 638 EP 645 DI 10.1577/T02-058 PG 8 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 703NY UT WOS:000184287600002 ER PT J AU Shapouri, H Duffield, JA Wang, M AF Shapouri, H Duffield, JA Wang, M TI The energy balance of corn ethanol revisited SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASAE LA English DT Article DE corn production; energy; ethanol; net energy balance AB Studies conducted since the late 1970s have estimated the net energy value (NEV) of corn ethanol. However, variations in data and assumptions used among the studies have resulted in a wide range of estimates. This study identifies the factors causing this wide variation and develops a more consistent estimate. We conclude that the NEV of corn ethanol has been rising over time due to technological advances in ethanol conversion and increased efficiency in farm production. We show that corn ethanol is energy efficient, as indicated by an energy output:input ratio of 1.34 and 1.53 under a best-case scenario. C1 USDA, Off Energy Policy & New Uses, Washington, DC 20024 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Energy Syst Div, Ctr Transportat Res, US Dept Energy,, Argonne, IL USA. RP Shapouri, H (reprint author), USDA, Off Energy Policy & New Uses, 300 7th St SW,Rm 361,Reporters Bldg, Washington, DC 20024 USA. NR 34 TC 89 Z9 91 U1 0 U2 21 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0001-2351 J9 T ASAE JI Trans. ASAE PD JUL-AUG PY 2003 VL 46 IS 4 BP 959 EP 968 PG 10 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 723TT UT WOS:000185448200004 ER PT J AU Bradbury, A Velappan, N Verzillo, V Ovecka, M Chasteen, L Sblattero, D Marzari, O Lou, JL Siegel, R Pavlik, P AF Bradbury, A Velappan, N Verzillo, V Ovecka, M Chasteen, L Sblattero, D Marzari, O Lou, JL Siegel, R Pavlik, P TI Antibodies in proteomics II: screening, high-throughput characterization and downstream applications SO TRENDS IN BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review ID SITE-SPECIFIC RECOMBINATION; CULTURED-MAMMALIAN-CELLS; LOXP SPACER REGION; PROTEIN MICROARRAYS; INTRACELLULAR EXPRESSION; INTRABODY CONSTRUCTION; COMBINATORIAL LIBRARY; PHENOTYPIC KNOCKOUT; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; RNA INTERFERENCE AB There are many ways in which the use of antibodies and antibody selection can be improved and developed for high-throughput characterization. Standard protocols, such as immunoprecipitation, western blotting and immunofluorescence, can be used with antibody fragments generated by display technologies. Together with novel approaches, such as antibody chips and intracellular immunization, these methods will yield useful proteomic data following adaptation of the protocols foe increased reliability and robustness. To date, most work has focused on the use of standard, well-characterized commercial antibodies. Such protocols need to be adapted for broader use, for example, with antibody fragments or other binders generated by display technologies, because it is unlikely that traditional approaches will provide the required throughput. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, B Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Inst Neurodegenerat Dis, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Biol, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Anesthesiol, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Bradbury, A (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, B Div, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. OI Siegel, Robert/0000-0002-0833-5580 NR 64 TC 45 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0167-7799 J9 TRENDS BIOTECHNOL JI Trends Biotechnol. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 21 IS 7 BP 312 EP 317 DI 10.1016/S0167-7799(03)00117-3 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 700TB UT WOS:000184126300007 PM 12837616 ER PT J AU Carroll, B Gogotsi, Y Kovalchenko, A Erdemir, A McNallan, MJ AF Carroll, B Gogotsi, Y Kovalchenko, A Erdemir, A McNallan, MJ TI Effect of humidity on the tribological properties of carbide-derived carbon (CDC) films on silicon carbide SO TRIBOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE carbon; tribology; humidity; coatings; dry friction ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE CHLORINATION; DIAMOND; COATINGS; FRICTION AB The effect of humidity on the tribological behavior of carbide-derived carbon (CDC) films prepared by high-temperature chlorination of silicon carbide was examined. Pin-on-disk tribological tests indicate that CDC, unlike graphite or glassy carbon, performs better in dry nitrogen (less than 0.05 friction coefficient at 0% humidity) than in humid air. This versatility is explained by the onion-like structure of the nanoporous CDC coating. C1 Drexel Univ, Dept Mat Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Civil & Mat Engn, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. RP Drexel Univ, Dept Mat Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RI Gogotsi, Yury/B-2167-2008 OI Gogotsi, Yury/0000-0001-9423-4032 NR 22 TC 29 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 14 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1023-8883 EI 1573-2711 J9 TRIBOL LETT JI Tribol. Lett. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 15 IS 1 BP 51 EP 55 DI 10.1023/A:1023508006745 PG 5 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 668WQ UT WOS:000182318500007 ER PT J AU Luna, M de Pablo, PJ Colchero, J Gomez-Herrero, J Baro, AM Tokumoto, H Jarvis, SP AF Luna, M de Pablo, PJ Colchero, J Gomez-Herrero, J Baro, AM Tokumoto, H Jarvis, SP TI Interaction forces and conduction properties between multi wall carbon nanotube tips and Au(111) SO ULTRAMICROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE AFM; SFM; MCNT; interaction forces; conductivity; non-contact ID TAPPING-MODE; SAMPLE INTERACTION; MICROSCOPY; WATER; MECHANISMS; REGIMES; PROBE AB We have studied the interaction forces and electrical conduction properties arising between multiwall carbon nanotube tips and the Au(1 1 1) surface in air, by means of amplitude modulation scanning force microscopy, also called intermittent contact. We have centered our work on tips with metallic electronic structure and for the specific parameters used we have found a preliminary interaction range where there is no contact between tip and surface. Stable imaging in this non-contact range is possible with multiwall carbon nanotube tips. These tips have also been used to obtain simultaneous topographic and current maps of the surface. They show excellent properties as tips due to their high aspect ratio and durability, as a result of their elastic and non-reactive properties. Correspondingly, multiwall carbon nanotube tips allow high resolution local analysis of electrical conductivity on a nanometer scale. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Fis Mat Condensada, Lab Nuevas Microscopias, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. AIST, Nanotechnol Res Inst, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050046, Japan. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 66-214, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM luna@stm.lbl.gov RI Baro, Arturo/C-4539-2011; Gomez-Herrero, Julio/B-6094-2013; Luna, Monica/M-1792-2014; De Pablo Gomez, Pedro/L-9392-2014; OI Gomez-Herrero, Julio/0000-0001-8583-8061; Luna, Monica/0000-0002-7104-0726; De Pablo Gomez, Pedro/0000-0003-2386-3186; Colchero, Jaime/0000-0003-0887-4549 NR 29 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3991 EI 1879-2723 J9 ULTRAMICROSCOPY JI Ultramicroscopy PD JUL PY 2003 VL 96 IS 1 BP 83 EP 92 DI 10.1016/S0304-3991(02)00401-1 PG 10 WC Microscopy SC Microscopy GA 658TT UT WOS:000181737100007 PM 12623173 ER PT J AU Beleggia, M Fazzini, PF Pozzi, G AF Beleggia, M Fazzini, PF Pozzi, G TI A Fourier approach to fields and electron optical phase-shifts calculations SO ULTRAMICROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE electron diffraction and elastic scattering theory; image simulation ID P-N-JUNCTIONS; LORENTZ MICROSCOPY; VORTICES; IMAGES; MODEL AB The Fourier method is applied to calculate fields and electron optical phase shifts in specimens having long-range electromagnetic fields, like reverse biased p-n junctions or stripe magnetic domains. It is shown that this approach not only allows to take into account rather easily the effect of the fringing fields protruding in the space around the specimen, but also to obtain solutions to interesting models in analytical form. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Mat Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Bologna, Dept Phys, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. Univ Bologna, Ist Nazl Fis Mat, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. RP Beleggia, M (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Mat Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM beleggia@bnl.gov RI FAZZINI, Pier Francesco/B-2645-2012; OI FAZZINI, Pier Francesco/0000-0002-4307-6481; Beleggia, Marco/0000-0002-2888-1888 NR 32 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3991 J9 ULTRAMICROSCOPY JI Ultramicroscopy PD JUL PY 2003 VL 96 IS 1 BP 93 EP 103 DI 10.1016/S0304-3991(02)00402-3 PG 11 WC Microscopy SC Microscopy GA 658TT UT WOS:000181737100008 PM 12623174 ER PT J AU Horvath, DP Schaffer, R Wisman, E AF Horvath, DP Schaffer, R Wisman, E TI Identification of genes induced in emerging tillers of wild oat (Avena fatua) using Arabidopsis microarrays SO WEED SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE microarray; tiller growth; gene regulation ID EXPRESSION; TRANSCRIPTION; INTERACT; THALIANA; HOMOLOG; CLONING; EMBRYOS AB Arabidopsis complementary DNA (cDNA) microarrays were hybridized with labeled cDNA from mature leaves and emerging tillers of wild oat to determine if they could identify gene expression profiles in distantly related species. More than 23% of the > 11,000 cDNAs on the array hybridized to the wild oat probe. Transcription patterns detected by hybridization to the arrays are indicators for physiological processes in the tissues tested. Coordinated expression patterns for these genes in Arabidopsis indicate common signals involved in their regulation. The results demonstrate that probing cDNA-based arrays from well-characterized species can provide valuable insight into the signal transduction processes regulating growth and development of poorly characterized species. C1 USDA ARS, Biosci Res Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. HortRes, Auckland, New Zealand. Michigan State Univ, MSU DOE Plant Res Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Horvath, DP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Biosci Res Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RI Schaffer, Robert/D-1018-2011; OI Horvath, David/0000-0002-8458-7691 NR 18 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0043-1745 J9 WEED SCI JI Weed Sci. PD JUL-AUG PY 2003 VL 51 IS 4 BP 503 EP 508 DI 10.1614/0043-1745(2003)051[0503:IOGIIE]2.0.CO;2 PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 705HV UT WOS:000184390400004 ER PT J AU Dave, VR Beyerlein, IJ Hartman, DA Barbieri, JM AF Dave, VR Beyerlein, IJ Hartman, DA Barbieri, JM TI A Probabilistic diffusion weld modeling framework SO WELDING JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE diffusion welding; titanium; porosity; probabilistic model; Monte Carlo; topography ID TITANIUM-ALLOYS; THEORETICAL-MODEL; COMPONENTS; SURFACE; BONDS AB Physics-based modeling of critical diffusion welds is problematic at best and, in practice, semi-empirical approaches are employed. This work reviews existing pore closure models identifying their shortcomings vis-a-vis actual manufacturing environments. A framework is developed that incorporates realistic manufacturing process attributes such as surface topography into pore closure models. Relevant quantities are represented as distribution functions instead of deterministic values, and manufacturing attributes are then correlated to parameters in these distribution functions. Using a Monte Carlo approach, the distribution of residual joint porosity as a function of both manufacturing attributes and bond process conditions (time, pressure, and temperature) can be derived. Existing models do not capture joint strength, so an additional objective of this work is to model the relationship between residual joint porosity and joint impact strength by applying probabilistic failure models. Finally, this overall approach is applied to model impact strength data of diffusion welds in Ti-6AI-4V. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Nucl Mat & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. United Technol Corp, E Hartford, CT USA. RP Dave, VR (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Nucl Mat & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Beyerlein, Irene/A-4676-2011 NR 34 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER WELDING SOC PI MIAMI PA 550 N W LEJEUNE RD, MIAMI, FL 33126 USA SN 0043-2296 J9 WELD J JI Weld. J. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 82 IS 7 BP 170S EP 178S PG 9 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 746VP UT WOS:000186768600011 ER PT J AU Veers, PS Ashwill, TD Sutherland, HJ Laird, DL Lobitz, DW Griffin, DA Mandell, JF Musial, WD Jackson, K Zuteck, M Miravete, A Tsai, SW Richmond, JL AF Veers, PS Ashwill, TD Sutherland, HJ Laird, DL Lobitz, DW Griffin, DA Mandell, JF Musial, WD Jackson, K Zuteck, M Miravete, A Tsai, SW Richmond, JL TI Trends in the design, manufacture and evaluation of wind turbine blades SO WIND ENERGY LA English DT Review DE blades; materials; manufacturing; blade design; fatigue; testing; stress analysis AB Wind turbine blades continue to be the target of technological improvements by the use of better designs, materials, manufacturing, analysis and testing. As the size of turbines has grown over the past decade, designers have restrained the associated growth in blade weight to less than would have been possible through simple scaling-up of past approaches. These past improvements are briefly summarized. Manufacturing trends and design drivers are presented, as are the ways these design drivers have changed. Issues related to blade material choices are described, first for the currently dominant glass fibre technology and then for the potential use of carbon fibres. Some possible directions for future blade design options are presented, namely new planforms, aerofoils and aeroelastic tailoring. The significant improvement in sophistication of stress analysis and full-scale blade testing are also discussed. Copyright (C) 2003 John Wiley Sons, Ltd. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Wind Energy Technol Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Global Energy Concepts LLC, Kirkland, WA USA. Montana State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Bozeman, MT USA. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Natl Wind Technol Ctr, Golden, CO USA. Dynam Design Engn Inc, Davis, CA USA. MDZ Consulting, Clear Lake Shores, TX USA. Univ Houston, Compos Engn & Applicat Ctr, Houston, TX USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. MDEC, Newbury Pk, CA USA. RP Veers, PS (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Wind Energy Technol Dept, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 36 TC 85 Z9 95 U1 1 U2 53 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 1095-4244 J9 WIND ENERGY JI Wind Energy PD JUL-SEP PY 2003 VL 6 IS 3 BP 245 EP 259 DI 10.1002/we.90 PG 15 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 739PP UT WOS:000186355900005 ER PT J AU Giaever, G Flaherty, P Arkin, AP Jaramillo, DF Proctor, M Chu, AM Davis, RW AF Giaever, G Flaherty, P Arkin, AP Jaramillo, DF Proctor, M Chu, AM Davis, RW TI Chemical genomics in yeast via Haploinsufficiency Profiling (HIP). SO YEAST LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 21st International Conference on Yeast Genetics and Molecular Biology CY JUL 07-12, 2003 CL GOTHENBURG, SWEDEN C1 Stanford Genome Technol Ctr, Dept Biochem, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Arkin, Adam/A-6751-2008; Flaherty, Patrick/A-1720-2011 OI Arkin, Adam/0000-0002-4999-2931; NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0749-503X J9 YEAST JI Yeast PD JUL PY 2003 VL 20 SU 1 BP S18 EP S18 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology; Mycology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology; Mycology GA 701HH UT WOS:000184161800018 ER PT J AU Zurbuchen, MA Lettieri, J Fulk, SJ Jia, Y Carim, AH Schlom, DG Streiffer, SK AF Zurbuchen, MA Lettieri, J Fulk, SJ Jia, Y Carim, AH Schlom, DG Streiffer, SK TI Bismuth volatility effects on the perfection of SrBi2Nb2O9 and SrBi2Ta2O9 films SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY INVESTIGATIONS; FERROELECTRIC THIN-FILMS; PULSED-LASER DEPOSITION; STACKING-FAULTS; GROWTH; (111)SRTIO3; PHASES AB The volatility of bismuth and bismuth oxide species complicates the growth of phase-pure films of SrBi2Nb2O9 and SrBi2Ta2O9. Films that appear phase-pure by x-ray diffraction can have microstructural defects caused by transient bismuth nonstoichiometry which have a significant impact on properties. Such defects are resolved by transmission electron microscopy. Post-growth loss of bismuth from a slowly cooled SrBi2Ta2O9 film resulted in the generation of a high density of out-of-phase boundaries (OPBs), which are demonstrated to be ferroelectrically inactive. In another film, the difference in the rate of desorption of bismuth oxides from SrTiO3 versus that from SrBi2Nb2O9 led to bismuth enrichment at the film-substrate interface, and the formation of an epitaxial reaction layer in an otherwise stoichiometric SrBi2Nb2O9 film. This different-composition layer would be expected to alter the electrical properties of the film as a whole. These results help explain the scatter in electrical data reported for similarly oriented films. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16803 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Zurbuchen, MA (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16803 USA. RI Streiffer, Stephen/A-1756-2009; Zurbuchen, Mark/H-1664-2012; Schlom, Darrell/J-2412-2013 OI Zurbuchen, Mark/0000-0002-8947-6309; Schlom, Darrell/0000-0003-2493-6113 NR 20 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 30 PY 2003 VL 82 IS 26 BP 4711 EP 4713 DI 10.1063/1.1574406 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 694CZ UT WOS:000183757400027 ER PT J AU Htoon, H Hollingworth, JA Malko, AV Dickerson, R Klimov, VI AF Htoon, H Hollingworth, JA Malko, AV Dickerson, R Klimov, VI TI Light amplification in semiconductor nanocrystals: Quantum rods versus quantum dots SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ULTRAFAST CARRIER DYNAMICS; STIMULATED-EMISSION AB We perform side-by-side comparison of optical gain properties of spherical and elongated nanocrystals (quantum dots and quantum rods, respectively). This comparison indicates that elongated nanoparticles provide several features beneficial for lasing applications, such as enhanced absorption cross sections (and hence reduced lasing threshold and improved photostability), increased optical gain lifetime, and extended optical gain spectral range through the use of transitions that involve both ground and excited electronic states. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Htoon, H (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM htoon@lanl.gov; klimov@lanl.gov OI Htoon, Han/0000-0003-3696-2896 NR 14 TC 116 Z9 117 U1 3 U2 34 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 30 PY 2003 VL 82 IS 26 BP 4776 EP 4778 DI 10.1063/1.1586460 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 694CZ UT WOS:000183757400049 ER PT J AU Tang, YL AF Tang, YL TI Comment on "Transmission electron microscopy evidence for phase transformation from Bi2Sr2CuO6 to Bi2Sr2Ca2Cu3O10" [Appl. Phys. Lett. 81, 688 (2002)] SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Letter ID COMPOSITE CONDUCTORS C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Tang, YL (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 30 PY 2003 VL 82 IS 26 BP 4842 EP 4842 DI 10.1063/1.1588755 PG 1 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 694CZ UT WOS:000183757400071 ER PT J AU Takakuwa, Y Ishidzuka, S Yoshigoe, A Teraoka, Y Yamauchi, Y Mizuno, Y Tonda, H Homma, T AF Takakuwa, Y Ishidzuka, S Yoshigoe, A Teraoka, Y Yamauchi, Y Mizuno, Y Tonda, H Homma, T TI Real-time monitoring of oxidation on the Ti(0001) surface by synchrotron radiation photoelectron spectroscopy and RHEED-AES SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Symposium on the Control of Semiconductor Interfaces CY OCT 21-25, 2002 CL KARUIZAWA, JAPAN DE titanium; oxidation; Auger electron spectroscopy; reflection high-energy electron diffraction; photoelectron spectroscopy; synchrotron radiation; surface chemical reaction ID TITANIUM SURFACE; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; OXYGEN; DESORPTION; SI(001) AB The oxidation kinetics on the Ti(0001) single crystal surface was investigated by real-time Auger electron spectroscopy combined with reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED-AES) and high-resolution photoelectron spectroscopy using synchrotron radiation. The RHEED specular reflection spot intensity showed an oscillatory behavior, at the maxima and minima of which the oxygen uptake curve obtained by O KLL Auger electron intensity shows breaks. This agreement indicates that growth of oxides progresses with changing the surface morphology and the oxygen uptake rate. The 0, dose dependence of Ti 2p photoelectron spectrum measured at photon energies of 574.6 eV (surface sensitive) and 1549 eV (bulk sensitive) revealed that (1) oxidation of metallic Ti atoms with growing Ti2O and TiO on the surface makes the surface morphology roughened up to similar to17 L: (2) the roughened morphology is recovered by oxidation of Ti2O and TiO into Ti2O3, Ti3O5 and TiO2 up to similar to45 L; (3) after almost saturation of TiO, growth in the surface layer the surface morphology is roughened again by further oxidation at the interface up to similar to140 L; and (4) then the oxygen uptake rate is considerably suppressed due to the passivation effect of grown oxides. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Tohoku Univ, Inst Multidisciplinary Res Adv Mat, Aoba Ku, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan. Akita Natl Coll Technol, Dept Mat Engn, Akita 0118511, Japan. Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Synchrotron Radiat Res Ctr, Mikazuki 6795198, Japan. Chiba Inst Technol, Dept Precis Engn, Narashino, Chiba 2750016, Japan. Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94025 USA. Kumamoto Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Technol, Kumamoto 8608555, Japan. RP Takakuwa, Y (reprint author), Tohoku Univ, Inst Multidisciplinary Res Adv Mat, Aoba Ku, 2-1-1 Katahira, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan. NR 17 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4332 J9 APPL SURF SCI JI Appl. Surf. Sci. PD JUN 30 PY 2003 VL 216 IS 1-4 BP 395 EP 401 DI 10.1016/S0169-4332(03)00453-7 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 699XJ UT WOS:000184081800069 ER PT J AU Sewards, TV Sewards, MA AF Sewards, TV Sewards, MA TI Representations of motivational drives in mesial cortex, medial thalamus, hypothalamus and midbrain SO BRAIN RESEARCH BULLETIN LA English DT Review DE drive; medial hypothalamus; medial preoptic area; medial thalamus; mesial cortex; motivation; periaqueductal gray matter ID C-FOS EXPRESSION; PREFRONTAL CORTICAL PROJECTIONS; ANTERIOR CINGULATE CORTEX; PHASEOLUS-VULGARIS-LEUKOAGGLUTININ; POSITRON-EMISSION-TOMOGRAPHY; TEMPORAL-LOBE EPILEPSY; SEXUALLY DIMORPHIC AREA; VENTROLATERAL PERIAQUEDUCTAL GRAY; HAMSTERS MESOCRICETUS-AURATUS; PONTINE RETICULAR-FORMATION AB We propose that neural representations of motivational drives, including sexual desire, hunger, thirst, fear, power-dominance, the motivational aspect of pain, the need for sleep, and nurturance, are represented in four areas in the brain. These are located in the medial hypothalamic/preoptic area, the periaqueductal gray matter (PAG) in the midbrain/pons, the midline and intralaminar thalamic nuclei, and in the anterior part of the mesial cortex, including the medial prefrontal. and anterior cingulate areas. We attempt to determine the locations of each of these representations within the hypothalamus/preoptic area, periaqueductal gray and cortex, based on the available literature on activation of brain structures by stimuli that evoke these forms of motivation, on the effects of electrical and chemical stimulation and lesions of candidate structures, and on hodological data. We discuss the hierarchical organization of the representations for a given drive, outputs from these representations to premotor structures in the medulla, caudate-putamen, and cortex, and their contributions to involuntary, learned-sequential (operant) and voluntary behaviors. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Sandia Res Ctr, Placitas, NM 87043 USA. RP Sewards, TV (reprint author), Sandia Res Ctr, 21 Perdiz Canyon Rd, Placitas, NM 87043 USA. EM sewards@nmia.com NR 330 TC 85 Z9 87 U1 1 U2 14 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0361-9230 EI 1873-2747 J9 BRAIN RES BULL JI Brain Res. Bull. PD JUN 30 PY 2003 VL 61 IS 1 BP 25 EP 49 DI 10.1016/S0361-9230(03)00069-8 PG 25 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 691DZ UT WOS:000183590700002 PM 12788205 ER PT J AU Lehmann, BE Love, A Purtschert, R Collon, P Loosli, HH Kutschera, W Beyerle, U Aeschbach-Hertig, W Kipfer, R Frape, SK Herczeg, A Moran, J Tolstikhin, IN Groning, M AF Lehmann, BE Love, A Purtschert, R Collon, P Loosli, HH Kutschera, W Beyerle, U Aeschbach-Hertig, W Kipfer, R Frape, SK Herczeg, A Moran, J Tolstikhin, IN Groning, M TI A comparison of groundwater dating with Kr-81, Cl-36 and He-4 in four wells of the Great Artesian Basin, Australia SO EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS LA English DT Article DE geochemistry; groundwater dating; krypton-81; chlorine-36; helium-4; Great Artesian Basin; Australia; isotope hydrology ID MILK RIVER AQUIFER; OLD GROUNDWATER; NOBLE-GASES; WATER; SPECTROSCOPY; SWITZERLAND; ATMOSPHERE; ISOTOPES; ALBERTA; HELIUM AB The isotopic ratios Kr-81/Kr and Cl-36/Cl and the He-4 concentrations measured in groundwater from four artesian wells in the western part of the Great Artesian Basin (GAB) in Australia are discussed. Based on radioactive decay along a water flow path the Kr-81/Kr ratios are directly converted to groundwater residence times. Results are in a range of 225-400 kyr with error bars in the order of 15% primarily due to counting statistics in the cyclotron accelerator mass spectrometer measurement. Additional uncertainties from subsurface production and/or exchange with stagnant porewaters in the confining shales appear to be of the same order of magnitude. These Kr-81 ages are then used to calibrate the Cl-36 and the He-4 dating methods. Based on elemental analyses of rock samples from the sandstone aquifer as well as from the confining Bulldog shale the in situ flux of thermal neutrons and the corresponding He-3/He-4 and Cl-36/Cl ratios are calculated. From a comparison of: (i) the He-3/He-4 ratios measured in the groundwater samples with the calculated in situ ratios in rocks and (ii) the measured delta(37)Cl ratios with the 4 He concentrations measured in groundwater it is concluded that both helium and chloride are most likely added to the aquifer from sources in the stagnant porewaters of the confining shale by diffusion and/or mixing. Based on this 'working hypothesis' the Cl-36 transport equation in groundwater is solved taking into account: (i) radioactive decay, (ii) subsurface production in the sandstone aquifer (with an in situ Cl-36/Cl ratio of 6 X 10(-15)) and (iii) addition of chloride from a source in the confining shale (with a Cl-36/Cl ratio of 13 X 10(-15)). Lacking better information it is assumed that the chloride concentration increased linearly with time from an (unknown) initial value C-i to its measured present value C = C-i + C-a, where C-a represents the (unknown) amount of chloride added from subsurface sources. Using the Kr-81 ages of the four groundwater samples and a reasonable initial Cl-36/Cl ratio of 125 X 10(-15), which is consistent with other studies in this part of the GAB, it is then possible to determine (C-i ,C-a) parameter sets for all four samples and consequently to simulate the Cl and the Cl-36 evolution with time. Strong evidence that the whole procedure is adequate comes from: (i) a comparison of C-i with the calculated noble gas recharge temperatures (NGRT) indicating that a higher NGRT is related to higher input chloride concentrations C-i (because of higher evapotranspiration) and (ii) a comparison of C-a with the measured He-4 concentration confirming the idea that both chloride and helium are added to the groundwater in parallel. It turns out that the four samples fall into two groups: (i) for two of the samples (Raspberry Creek and Oodnadatta) initial Cl-36 concentrations are high and Cl-36 dating based on radioactive decay is possible. The He-4 accumulation rate for these two samples is low (0.2 X 10(-10) cm(3) STP He-4/(cm(3) water yr)); (ii) for the other two samples (Duck Hole and Watson Creek) the initial Cl-36 concentration is low and therefore subsurface processes dominate resulting in almost constant Cl-36 concentrations with time; W+W-, gammagamma --> Higgs bosons, and higher-order loop processes, such as gammagamma --> gammagamma, Zgamma, H(0)Z(0) and ZZ. Methods for measuring the anomalous magnetic and quadrupole moments of the W and Z gauge bosons to high precision in polarized electron-photon and photon-photon collisions are discussed. Since each photon can be resolved into a W+W- pair, high energy photon-photon collisions can also provide a remarkably background-free laboratory for studying WW collisions and annihilation. I also review high energy gammagamma and egamma tests of quantum chromodynamics, including the production of two gluon jets in photon-photon collisions, deeply virtual Compton scattering on a photon target, and leading-twist single-spin asymmetries for a photon polarized normal to a production plane. Exclusive hadron production processes in photon-photon collisions provide important tests of QCD at the amplitude level, particularly as measures of hadron distribution amplitudes which are also important for the analysis of exclusive semi-leptonic and two-body hadronic B-decays. C1 Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Brodsky, SJ (reprint author), Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM sjbth@slac.stanford.edu NR 99 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0217-751X EI 1793-656X J9 INT J MOD PHYS A JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. A PD JUN 30 PY 2003 VL 18 IS 16 BP 2871 EP 2892 DI 10.1142/S0217751X03016343 PG 22 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 698VC UT WOS:000184019200016 ER PT J AU Asner, D AF Asner, D TI Prospect for discovering H-0, A(0) in two-photon collisions at a linear collider SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th Workshop on Electron-Electron Collision at TeV Energies CY DEC 07-09, 2001 CL UNIV CALIFORNIA, SANTA CRUZ, CALIFORNIA HO UNIV CALIFORNIA ID HIGGS-BOSON PRODUCTION; BEAMS AB We examine the potential for detecting and studying Higgs bosons in two-photon collisions at a future linear collider. Our study incorporates realistic two-photon spectra based on the most probable available laser technology. We study the cases of a) the heavy MSSM Higgs bosons and b) a Higgs boson with no WW/ZZ couplings from a general two Higgs doublet model. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Asner, D (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 912805, SINGAPORE SN 0217-751X J9 INT J MOD PHYS A JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. A PD JUN 30 PY 2003 VL 18 IS 16 BP 2893 EP 2902 DI 10.1142/S0217751X03016355 PG 10 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 698VC UT WOS:000184019200017 ER PT J AU Spencer, JE AF Spencer, JE TI The silicon lattice accelerator SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th Workshop on Electron-Electron Collision at TeV Energies CY DEC 07-09, 2001 CL UNIV CALIFORNIA, SANTA CRUZ, CALIFORNIA HO UNIV CALIFORNIA DE lasers; damage; silicon; a,c-silica; luminosity; impedances; figures-of-merit; transmissive/reflective modes; parallel/serial structures; next generation lithography ID REMEDIES; PHYSICS AB Previously, the generalized luminosity C was defined and calculated for all incident channels based on an NLC e(+)e(-) design. Alternatives were then considered to improve the differing bearn-beam effects in the e(-)e(-), egamma and gammagamma channels. One example was tensor beams composed of bunchlets n(ijk) implemented with a laser-driven, silicon accelerator based on micromachining techniques. Problems were considered and expressions given for radiative broadening due to bunchlet manipulation near the final focus to optimize luminosity via charge enhancement, neutralization or bunch shaping. Because the results were promising, we explore fully integrated structures that include sources, optics (for both light and particles) and acceleration in a common format - an accelerator-on-chip. Acceptable materials (and wavelengths) must allow velocity synchronism between many laser and electron pulses with optimal efficiency in high radiation environments. There are obvious control and cost advantages that accrue from using silicon structures if radiation effects can be made acceptable and the structures fabricated. Tests related to deep etching, fabrication and radiation effects on candidate amorphous and crystalline materials show Si(lambda(L) > 1.2mum) and fused SiO2(lambda(L) > 0.3mum) to be ideal materials. C1 Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Accelerator Res Dept B, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Spencer, JE (reprint author), Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Accelerator Res Dept B, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 912805, SINGAPORE SN 0217-751X J9 INT J MOD PHYS A JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. A PD JUN 30 PY 2003 VL 18 IS 16 BP 2903 EP 2919 DI 10.1142/S0217751X03016367 PG 17 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 698VC UT WOS:000184019200018 ER PT J AU Gronberg, J AF Gronberg, J TI A photon collider testbed at the SLC SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th Workshop on Electron-Electron Collision at TeV Energies CY DEC 07-09, 2001 CL UNIV CALIFORNIA, SANTA CRUZ, CALIFORNIA HO UNIV CALIFORNIA AB The idea of producing a high-energy photon-photon collider(1), based on Compton backscattering of laser photons from an electron beam, was proposed in the early 1980's. In this idea, a linear e(+)e(-) collider must be upgraded with high power lasers and an interaction region,including optics to focus the laser pulses onto the electron beam. Recently, a strawman design for such an interaction region has been produced. Given the existence of the mothballed Stanford Linear Collider it becomes reasonable to propose a photon collider test bed, which would allow that design to be tested in actual operational conditions. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Gronberg, J (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 912805, SINGAPORE SN 0217-751X J9 INT J MOD PHYS A JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. A PD JUN 30 PY 2003 VL 18 IS 16 BP 2921 EP 2926 DI 10.1142/S0217751X03016379 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 698VC UT WOS:000184019200019 ER PT J AU Wan, YP Sampath, S Prasad, V Williamson, R Fincke, JR AF Wan, YP Sampath, S Prasad, V Williamson, R Fincke, JR TI An advanced model for plasma spraying of functionally graded materials SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th IUMRS International Conference on Advanced Materials CY JUN 13-18, 1999 CL BEIJING, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Lab Semiconduct Mat Sci, Inst Semiconduct, Chinese Acad Sci, Int Union Mat Res Soc DE functionally graded materials; plasma spraying; LAVA model AB A comprehensive model for the simulation of the plasma spraying of functionally graded materials (FGMs) is developed based on the recently modified CFD code, LAVA-P, that incorporates a well-verified model for plasma gas flow and chemistry. The particle movement and its trajectory are described within a Lagrangian framework by considering the drag as the major driving force. Melting and evaporation of particles are considered using a recently developed model for particle-flame interaction that also accounts for the non-continuum and variable property effects of high temperature plasma on particle momentum and heat transfer. Calculations are performed for NiCrAlY (alloy) and Y2O3 stabilized ZrO2 powders with a wide range of size distribution. The influence of the power levels and flow rate of H-2 on the plasma flow field, and hence, on the particle velocity and temperature are investigated numerically. The predicted velocity and temperature fields agree well with the measurements performed under similar spraying conditions. Segregation is investigated for two powder injection configurations. The model presented here can be used successfully for FGM deposition uniformity. (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 SUNY Stony Brook, Ctr Thermal Spray Res, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Proc Modeling Lab, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Wan, YP (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Ctr Thermal Spray Res, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. OI Williamson, Richard/0000-0001-7734-3632 NR 12 TC 13 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0924-0136 J9 J MATER PROCESS TECH JI J. Mater. Process. Technol. PD JUN 30 PY 2003 VL 137 IS 1-3 BP 110 EP 116 AR PII S0924-0136(02)01096-8 DI 10.1016/S0924-0136(02)01096-8 PG 7 WC Engineering, Industrial; Engineering, Manufacturing; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 681KP UT WOS:000183035600024 ER PT J AU Riestenberg, D West, O Lee, S McCallum, S Phelps, TJ AF Riestenberg, D West, O Lee, S McCallum, S Phelps, TJ TI Sediment surface effects on methane hydrate formation and dissociation SO MARINE GEOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Fall Meeting of the American-Geophysical-Union CY DEC 15-19, 2000 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Amer Geophys Union DE mineral surfaces; methane hydrates; gas hydrates; bentonite ID GAS HYDRATE; CARBON-DIOXIDE; WATER; SEA AB The effects of sediment surfaces on methane hydrate formation and dissociation were investigated using colloidal suspensions and new experimental methods developed for a large volume (72 liters), temperature-controlled pressure vessel. Hydrates were formed by bubbling methane gas through test solutions at temperatures and pressures within the hydrate stability field. Hydrate formation was visually detected by the accumulation of hydrate-encrusted gas bubbles. To measure hydrate dissociation conditions, the pressure vessel was warmed while temperature was monitored within a zone of previously formed hydrate-encrusted gas bubbles. Hydrate dissociation was indicated by a distinct plateau in the hydrate zone temperature, while temperatures of the gas and liquid phases within the vessel continued to rise. The 'dissociation plateau' appears to be a phenomenon that is unique to the large volume of the pressure vessel used for the experiments. In experiments where hydrates were formed in pure water, temperature and corresponding pressure conditions measured during the temperature plateau matched model-predicted values for hydrate stability in water, thus confirming the validity of this new method for measuring hydrate dissociation conditions. Formation and dissociation conditions were measured for methane hydrates in colloidal suspensions containing bentonite. Hydrate formation experiments indicated that the presence of bentonite in water at 200 mg/l significantly decreased pressures required for hydrate formation relative to formation in pure water alone. On the other hand, hydrate dissociation conditions measured in bentonite and silica suspensions with solids concentrations of 34 g/l did not differ significantly from that of water. These results are relevant to the origin and stability of natural gas hydrate deposits known to exist in deep permafrost and marine sediments, where the effects of sediment surfaces are largely unknown. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Geol Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP West, O (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM westor@ornl.gov RI phelps, tommy/A-5244-2011 NR 16 TC 37 Z9 44 U1 6 U2 24 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0025-3227 EI 1872-6151 J9 MAR GEOL JI Mar. Geol. PD JUN 30 PY 2003 VL 198 IS 1-2 BP 181 EP 190 DI 10.1016/S0025-3227(03)00100-2 PG 10 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography SC Geology; Oceanography GA 695TW UT WOS:000183847300010 ER PT J AU Volkov, VV Schofield, MA Zhu, Y AF Volkov, VV Schofield, MA Zhu, Y TI Phase retrieval and induction mapping of artificially structured micromagnetic arrays SO MODERN PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Review DE Lorentz microscopy; in situ magnetization; induction mapping; phase retrieval; image processing; off-axis holography ID OF-INTENSITY EQUATION; MAGNETIZATION REVERSAL; TRANSPORT; FIELD; COBALT AB We report our study on magnetic structural evolution of artificially patterned micron and submicron magnetic arrays as a function of applied field using in situ electron microscopy. To understand magnetic dynamics and switching behavior we employ our newly developed phase retrieval method, based on Lorentz phase microscopy, to map local induction distribution at nanometric scale. We outline the principle of the new method and discuss its advantages and drawbacks in comparison with off-axis electron holography. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Long Isl City, NY 11973 USA. RP Zhu, Y (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Long Isl City, NY 11973 USA. RI Volkov, Vyacheslav/D-9786-2016 NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 912805, SINGAPORE SN 0217-9849 J9 MOD PHYS LETT B JI Mod. Phys. Lett. B PD JUN 30 PY 2003 VL 17 IS 15 BP 791 EP 801 DI 10.1142/S0217984903005809 PG 11 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 715LX UT WOS:000184974700001 ER PT J AU de Jager, K AF de Jager, K TI Nucleon form factors SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th Particles and Nuclei International Conference (PANIC 02) CY SEP 30-OCT 04, 2002 CL OSAKA, JAPAN ID ELECTRON-PROTON SCATTERING; QUASI-ELASTIC SCATTERING; NEUTRON SPIN STRUCTURE; POLARIZED ELECTRONS; PARITY VIOLATION; MOMENTUM-TRANSFER; HE-3; (GEV/C)(2); E'N)P AB A review of data on the nucleon electro-weak form factors in the space-like region is presented. Recent results from experiments using polarized beams and either polarized targets or nucleon recoil polarimeters have yielded a significant improvement on the precision of the electromagnetic data obtained with the traditional Rosenbluth separation. An outlook is presented of planned experiments. C1 Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP de Jager, K (reprint author), Jefferson Lab, 12000 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. NR 58 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUN 30 PY 2003 VL 721 BP 66C EP 75C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(03)01018-2 PG 10 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 697JH UT WOS:000183938800012 ER PT J AU Jackson, HE AF Jackson, HE TI Structure of the nucleon and nuclei studied by HERMES SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th Particles and Nuclei International Conference (PANIC 02) CY SEP 30-OCT 04, 2002 CL OSAKA, JAPAN ID POLARIZED QUARK DISTRIBUTIONS; DEEP-INELASTIC SCATTERING; ASYMMETRIES AB Recent results from studies of inclusive and semi-inclusive deep-inelastic lepton scattering are presented. Data with polarization provide the first measurement of the b(1) (x, Q(2)) structure function in the deuteron, a five component flavor decomposition of quark helcity distributions in the nucleon, as well as results pertaining to transverse spin physics and deep virtual Compton scattering. Data from unpolarized targets constrain models of quark hadronization and give a measure of parton energy loss in cold nuclear matter. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Jackson, HE (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUN 30 PY 2003 VL 721 BP 127C EP 134C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(03)01025-X PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 697JH UT WOS:000183938800019 ER PT J AU En'yo, H AF En'yo, H TI Physics with RHIC spin collider SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th Particles and Nuclei International Conference (PANIC 02) CY SEP 30-OCT 04, 2002 CL OSAKA, JAPAN ID POLARIZED PROTON-BEAM; SCATTERING; ASYMMETRY; PAIRS AB The year 2002 has been very exciting and successful for the RHIC spin program, with the first collisions of polarized protons at roots = 200 GeV, which is an order of magnitude higher energy than any previous polarized proton collisions. The achievements in the first year of the polarized collider are reported. C1 RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN, Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP En'yo, H (reprint author), RIKEN, Hirosawa 2-1, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. RI En'yo, Hideto/B-2440-2015 NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUN 30 PY 2003 VL 721 BP 143C EP 150C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(03)01027-3 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 697JH UT WOS:000183938800021 ER PT J AU Smith, ES AF Smith, ES TI Physics prospects with the JLab 12-GeV upgrade SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th Particles and Nuclei International Conference (PANIC 02) CY SEP 30-OCT 04, 2002 CL OSAKA, JAPAN AB Increasing the beam energy of the CEBAF accelerator to 12 GeV will greatly expand the physics opportunities to explore the nature of strongly interacting matter. The primary thrusts of the experimental program will include the study of quark confinement and the direct exploration of the quark-gluon structure of hadrons and nuclei in the valence-quark region. C1 Jefferson Lab, Div Phys, Newport News, VA USA. RP Smith, ES (reprint author), Jefferson Lab, Div Phys, Newport News, VA USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUN 30 PY 2003 VL 721 BP 198C EP 205C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(03)01033-9 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 697JH UT WOS:000183938800027 ER PT J AU Aronson, S AF Aronson, S TI Future facilities for nuclear and particle physics at Brookhaven SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th Particles and Nuclei International Conference (PANIC 02) CY SEP 30-OCT 04, 2002 CL OSAKA, JAPAN AB The RHIC-AGS complex at Brookhaven National Laboratory is actively producing important results in nuclear and particle physics. Plans to develop these facilities for new experiments in these fields are discussed. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Aronson, S (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUN 30 PY 2003 VL 721 BP 206C EP 210C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(03)01034-0 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 697JH UT WOS:000183938800028 ER PT J AU Pak, R AF Pak, R CA PHOBOS TI Recent results from PHOBOS at RHIC SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th Particles and Nuclei International Conference (PANIC 02) CY SEP 30-OCT 04, 2002 CL OSAKA, JAPAN ID HADRON-NUCLEUS INTERACTIONS; MULTIPARTICLE PRODUCTION; ENERGY-DEPENDENCE; DISTRIBUTIONS; MULTIPLICITY; COLLISIONS; ANNIHILATION AB The PHOBOS experiment at RHIC has recorded measurements for Au-Au collisions spanning nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energies from root(NN)(S) = 19.6 GeV to 200 GeV. Global observables such as elliptic flow and charged particle multiplicity provide important constraints on model predictions that characterize the state of matter produced in these collisions. The nearly 4pi acceptance of the PHOBOS experiment provides excellent coverage for complete flow and multiplicity measurements. Results including beam energy and centrality dependencies are presented and compared to elementary systems. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Inst Nucl Phys, Krakow, Poland. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Natl Cent Univ, Chungli 32054, Taiwan. Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL USA. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. RP Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM Robert.Pak@bnl.gov OI Holzman, Burt/0000-0001-5235-6314 NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 EI 1873-1554 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUN 30 PY 2003 VL 721 BP 227C EP 230C DI 10.1016/S0975-9474(03)01037-6 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 697JH UT WOS:000183938800031 ER PT J AU Chujo, T AF Chujo, T CA PHENIX Collaboration TI Results on identified charged hadrons from the PHENIX experiment at RHIC SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th Particles and Nuclei International Conference (PANIC 02) CY SEP 30-OCT 04, 2002 CL OSAKA, JAPAN AB Recent results on identified hadrons from the PHENIX experiment in Au+Au collisions at mid-rapidity at roots(NN) = 200 GeV are presented. The centrality dependence of transverse momentum distributions and particle ratios for identified charged hadrons are studied. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM chujo@bnl.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 EI 1873-1554 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUN 30 PY 2003 VL 721 BP 273C EP 276C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(03)01048-0 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 697JH UT WOS:000183938800042 ER PT J AU Hirano, T Nara, Y AF Hirano, T Nara, Y TI Energy loss of partons traversing a QGP fluid SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th Particles and Nuclei International Conference (PANIC 02) CY SEP 30-OCT 04, 2002 CL OSAKA, JAPAN ID P(T) AZIMUTHAL ASYMMETRY; COLLISIONS; MATTER; A+A AB We analyse the azimuthal correlation function for high PT charged hadrons in Au+Au collisions at the RHIC energy. By using a dynamical model in which hydrodynamics is combined with explicit propagation of high P-T partons, we study the effect of the intrinsic transverse momentum of initial partons on the azimuthal back-to-back correlations. C1 Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN, BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Hirano, T (reprint author), Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, 7-3-1 Hongo, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUN 30 PY 2003 VL 721 BP 277C EP 280C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(03)01049-2 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 697JH UT WOS:000183938800043 ER PT J AU Iancu, E Itakura, K McLerran, L AF Iancu, E Itakura, K McLerran, L TI Geometric scaling in the color glass condensate SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th Particles and Nuclei International Conference (PANIC 02) CY SEP 30-OCT 04, 2002 CL OSAKA, JAPAN AB Geometric scaling is a novel phenomenon observed in deep inelastic scattering (DIS) at small x: the total gamma*p cross section depends upon the two variables Q(2) and x only via their combination xi equivalent to Q(2)R(0)(2)(x), with R-0(2)(x) proportional to x(lambda). We show that this scaling can be naturally understood as a manifestation of gluon saturation based on the effective theory for high density matter of saturated gluons, namely, the Color Glass Condensate (CGC). C1 CE Saclay, Serv Phys Theor, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. RIKEN, BNL Res Ctr, BNL, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Nucl Theory Grp, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Iancu, E (reprint author), CE Saclay, Serv Phys Theor, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUN 30 PY 2003 VL 721 BP 293C EP 296C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(03)01053-4 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 697JH UT WOS:000183938800047 ER PT J AU Reddy, S Sadzikowski, M Tachibana, M AF Reddy, S Sadzikowski, M Tachibana, M TI Neutrino rates in color flavor locked quark matter SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th Particles and Nuclei International Conference (PANIC 02) CY SEP 30-OCT 04, 2002 CL OSAKA, JAPAN ID HIGH-DENSITY QCD; LOCKING AB QCD at high baryon density is expected to be a color superconductor [1,2]. For three massless flavors, a symmetric ground state called the Color Flavor Locked (CFL) phase, in which BCS like pairing involves all nine quarks, is favored [3]. In this phase the SU(3)(color) x SU(3)(L) x SU(3)(R) x U(1)(B) symmetry of QCD is broken down to the global diagonal SU(3) symmetry. Gluons become massive by the Higgs mechanism. The lightest excitations in this phase are Goldstone bosons associated with chiral symmetry breaking as well as U(1)(B) symmetry breaking. This color superconductivity can have important astrophysical implications if quark matter were to exist in the core of a neutron star. The ensuing thermal evolution of the newly born neutron star, during which it emits neutrinos copiously, has generated much recent interest [4]. Several aspects of this early evolution can be probed directly since neutrinos emitted during the first several tens of seconds can be detected in terrestial detectors such as Super-Kamiokande and SNO. In this article we calculate weak interaction rates for neutrino production and scattering in the CFL phase and contrast it with earlier estimates of similar rates in normal (unpaired) quark matter and nuclear matter. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Inst Nucl Phys, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland. RIKEN, Theoret Phys Lab, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. RP Reddy, S (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 14 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUN 30 PY 2003 VL 721 BP 309C EP 312C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(03)01057-1 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 697JH UT WOS:000183938800051 ER PT J AU Kuhn, SE Dharmawardane, V Dodge, GE Stepanyan, S Prok, Y Minehart, R Burkert, V AF Kuhn, SE Dharmawardane, V Dodge, GE Stepanyan, S Prok, Y Minehart, R Burkert, V CA CLAS Collaboration TI Measurement of spin structure functions at moderate Q(2) using CLAS SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th Particles and Nuclei International Conference (PANIC 02) CY SEP 30-OCT 04, 2002 CL OSAKA, JAPAN ID MAGNETIC MOMENTS; SUM RULE AB Spin structure functions of the nucleon in the region of large x and small to moderate Q(2) continue to be of high current interest. Among the topics one can study in this kinematic regime are spin-dependent resonance transition amplitudes and their interference with each other and the non-resonant background, the behavior of the asymmetry A(1) at large x, and the presence or absence of local duality in spin structure functions. The first moment of the spin structure function 1 goes through a rapid transition from the photon g(1) point (Q(2) = 0), where it is constrained by the Gerasimov-Drell-Hearn sum rule, to the deep inelastic limit where it is sensitive to the nucleon spin fraction carried by quarks. This opens up the possibility to study the transition from hadronic to quark degrees of freedom over the whole range of Q(2). Recently, we concluded a large experimental program to measure these observables with polarized proton and deuteron targets at Jefferson Lab. A highly polarized electron beam, solid polarized NH3 and ND3 targets and the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS) in Hall B were used to accumulate over 23 billion events with 4 different beam energies of 1.6, 2.5, 4.2 and 5.7 GeV. We present an overview of the experiment, its kinematic coverage and its statistical power. We show final results from the first run at 2.5 GeV and 4 GeV and preliminary results from the 5.7 GeV and the 1.6 GeV data sets. C1 Old Dominion Univ, Dept Phys, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. Univ Virginia, Dept Phys, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA USA. RP Old Dominion Univ, Dept Phys, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. EM skuhn@odu.edu NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 EI 1873-1554 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUN 30 PY 2003 VL 721 BP 340C EP 343C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(03)01064-9 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 697JH UT WOS:000183938800058 ER PT J AU Gagliardi, CA Awes, TC Beddo, ME Brooks, ML Brown, CN Bush, JD Carey, TA Chang, TH Cooper, WE Garvey, GT Geesaman, DF Hawker, EA He, XC Isenhower, LD Kaplan, DM Kaufman, SB Kirk, PN Koetke, DD Kyle, G Lee, DM Lee, WM Leitch, MJ Makins, N McGaughey, PL Moss, JM Mueller, BA Nord, PM Papavassiliou, V Park, BK Peng, JC Petitt, G Reimer, PE Sadler, ME Sondheim, WE Stankus, PW Thompson, TN Towell, RS Tribble, RE Vasiliev, MA Wang, YC Wang, ZF Webb, JC Willis, JL Wise, DK Young, GR AF Gagliardi, CA Awes, TC Beddo, ME Brooks, ML Brown, CN Bush, JD Carey, TA Chang, TH Cooper, WE Garvey, GT Geesaman, DF Hawker, EA He, XC Isenhower, LD Kaplan, DM Kaufman, SB Kirk, PN Koetke, DD Kyle, G Lee, DM Lee, WM Leitch, MJ Makins, N McGaughey, PL Moss, JM Mueller, BA Nord, PM Papavassiliou, V Park, BK Peng, JC Petitt, G Reimer, PE Sadler, ME Sondheim, WE Stankus, PW Thompson, TN Towell, RS Tribble, RE Vasiliev, MA Wang, YC Wang, ZF Webb, JC Willis, JL Wise, DK Young, GR CA FNAL E866 NuSea Collaboration TI Measurement of the absolute Drell-Yan dimuon cross sections in 800 GeV/c pp and pd collisions SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th Particles and Nuclei International Conference (PANIC 02) CY SEP 30-OCT 04, 2002 CL OSAKA, JAPAN ID PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; NUCLEON AB Fermilab experiment 866 has measured the Drell-Yan dimuon cross sections in 800 GeV/c pp and pd collisions. This represents the first measurement of the Drell-Yan cross section in pp collisions over a broad kinematic region and the most extensive study to date of the Drell-Yan cross section in pd collisions. The results are compared to previous measurements and to predictions based on various global parton distribution function fits. The implications for future parton distribution fits are discussed. C1 Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Abilene Christian Univ, Abilene, TX 79699 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Georgia State Univ, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. IIT, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Louisiana State Univ, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. New Mexico State Univ, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Valparaiso Univ, Valparaiso, IN 46383 USA. RP Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM cggroup@comp.tamu.edu; isenhowe@acu.edu RI Reimer, Paul/E-2223-2013 NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 EI 1873-1554 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUN 30 PY 2003 VL 721 BP 344C EP 347C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(03)01065-0 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 697JH UT WOS:000183938800059 ER PT J AU Goto, Y AF Goto, Y CA PHENIX Collaboration TI Neutral pion measurements in polarized proton collisions from PHENIX at RHIC SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th Particles and Nuclei International Conference (PANIC 02) CY SEP 30-OCT 04, 2002 CL OSAKA, JAPAN AB The Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) started operation as a polarized proton collider in December, 2001 with transverse-spin beams. This report presents the preliminary result for the absolute neutral pion production cross section at roots=200 GeV in the mid-rapidity region by the PHENIX experiment. We compare this result to the prediction of a next-to-leading order perturbative QCD calculation. The measurement of the neutral pion asymmetries in this run and in future runs are also discussed. C1 RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. EM goto@bnl.gov NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 EI 1873-1554 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUN 30 PY 2003 VL 721 BP 360C EP 363C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(03)01069-8 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 697JH UT WOS:000183938800063 ER PT J AU Nikolenko, DM Arenhovel, H Barkov, LM Belostotsky, SL Dmitriev, VF Dyug, MV Gilman, R Holt, RJ Isaeva, LG de Jager, CW Kinney, ER Kowalczyk, RS Lazarenko, BA Loginov, AY Mishnev, SI Nelyubin, VV Osipov, AV Potterveld, DH Rachek, IA Sadykov, RS Shestakov, YV Sidorov, AA Stibunov, VN Toporkov, DK Vikhrov, VV de Vries, H Zevakov, SA AF Nikolenko, DM Arenhovel, H Barkov, LM Belostotsky, SL Dmitriev, VF Dyug, MV Gilman, R Holt, RJ Isaeva, LG de Jager, CW Kinney, ER Kowalczyk, RS Lazarenko, BA Loginov, AY Mishnev, SI Nelyubin, VV Osipov, AV Potterveld, DH Rachek, IA Sadykov, RS Shestakov, YV Sidorov, AA Stibunov, VN Toporkov, DK Vikhrov, VV de Vries, H Zevakov, SA TI Measurement of tensor analyzing power in elastic electron-deuteron scattering at momentum transfer range 2.8-4.6fm(-1). SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th Particles and Nuclei International Conference (PANIC 02) CY SEP 30-OCT 04, 2002 CL OSAKA, JAPAN C1 Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. Univ Mainz, Inst Kernphys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany. St Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, Gatchina 188350, Russia. Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Tomsk Polytech Univ, Inst Nucl Phys, Tomsk 634050, Russia. NIKHEF, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. RP Nikolenko, DM (reprint author), Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. RI Holt, Roy/E-5803-2011; Dmitriev, Vladimir/G-3213-2013 NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUN 30 PY 2003 VL 721 BP 409C EP 412C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(03)01084-4 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 697JH UT WOS:000183938800074 ER PT J AU Yamaga, M Dorochenko, M Inagaki, T Ishihara, N Lim, GY Morimoto, T Okuno, H Omata, K Sato, T Sekimoto, M Yoshimura, Y Ajimura, A Ikei, T Ikemoto, Y Nomachi, M Oba, T Sakashita, K Sugaya, Y Yamanaka, T Itaya, M Iwata, T Hariu, T Moriya, M Tajima, Y Yamamoto, M Yoshida, H Yoshida, Y Lednev, A Nix, J Perdue, G Pod, E Rawtajizak, M Wah, Y Watanabe, H Baranov, V Khomouov, N Kurilin, A Macharashvili, G Moissenko, A Tsamalaidze, Z Akune, Y Fujioka, Y Kawakubo, N Kobayashi, S Kojima, T Ahn, JK Lee, HS Lee, SY Shinkawa, T Hsiung, YB Nakano, T AF Yamaga, M Dorochenko, M Inagaki, T Ishihara, N Lim, GY Morimoto, T Okuno, H Omata, K Sato, T Sekimoto, M Yoshimura, Y Ajimura, A Ikei, T Ikemoto, Y Nomachi, M Oba, T Sakashita, K Sugaya, Y Yamanaka, T Itaya, M Iwata, T Hariu, T Moriya, M Tajima, Y Yamamoto, M Yoshida, H Yoshida, Y Lednev, A Nix, J Perdue, G Pod, E Rawtajizak, M Wah, Y Watanabe, H Baranov, V Khomouov, N Kurilin, A Macharashvili, G Moissenko, A Tsamalaidze, Z Akune, Y Fujioka, Y Kawakubo, N Kobayashi, S Kojima, T Ahn, JK Lee, HS Lee, SY Shinkawa, T Hsiung, YB Nakano, T TI K-L ->pi(0)nu(nu)over-bar experiment at KEK 12-GeV PS-E391a SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th Particles and Nuclei International Conference (PANIC 02) CY SEP 30-OCT 04, 2002 CL OSAKA, JAPAN AB The K-L --> pi(0)nu(ν) over bar decay is one of the most attractive phenomena for the study of the CP violation. The branching ratio can be calculated with a small theoretical ambiguity, which will provide a clean determination of a basic parameter of the present particle physics. It will also play an important role for the search of the new physics as well as for the fundamental understanding of the CP-violation. We will start a kind of pilot experiment using a present 12-GeV proton synchrotron (PS) at KEK from early 2004, which is the first dedicated experiment searching for the K-L --> pi(0)nu(ν) over bar decay. C1 Osaka Univ, Suita, Osaka 565, Japan. Yamagata Univ, Yamagata 990, Japan. Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Joint Nucl Res Inst, Dubna, Russia. Saga Univ, Saga 840, Japan. Pusan Natl Univ, Pusan 609735, South Korea. Natl Defense Acad, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Osaka Univ, Res Ctr Nucl Phys, Osaka, Japan. RI Ahn, Jung Keun/C-1293-2008 NR 3 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUN 30 PY 2003 VL 721 BP 449C EP 452C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(03)01096-0 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 697JH UT WOS:000183938800083 ER PT J AU Masuda, Y Bowman, JD Carlini, RD Case, T Chupp, TE Coulter, KP Freedman, SJ Gentile, TR Gericke, M Greene, GL Hersmann, FW Ino, T Ishimoto, S Jones, GL Leuschner, MB Mitchell, GS Morimoto, K Muto, S Nann, H Page, SA Perittila, SI Ramsay, WD Sharapov, EI Smith, TB Snow, WM Wilburn, SW Yuan, YW AF Masuda, Y Bowman, JD Carlini, RD Case, T Chupp, TE Coulter, KP Freedman, SJ Gentile, TR Gericke, M Greene, GL Hersmann, FW Ino, T Ishimoto, S Jones, GL Leuschner, MB Mitchell, GS Morimoto, K Muto, S Nann, H Page, SA Perittila, SI Ramsay, WD Sharapov, EI Smith, TB Snow, WM Wilburn, SW Yuan, YW TI Parity-violating gamma-ray asymmetry in the neutron-proton capture SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th Particles and Nuclei International Conference (PANIC 02) CY SEP 30-OCT 04, 2002 CL OSAKA, JAPAN ID ANAPOLE MOMENT; F-18; SEARCH AB An experiment to measure gamma-ray asymmetry A(gamma) with a high precision in neutron-proton radiative capture is under construction at LANSCE. The experiment will determine the weak pion-nucleon coupling constant H-pi(1) with an error of 3x10(-7), 30 % of its predicted value. We discuss the experiment and its status. C1 KEK, High Energy Accelerator Res Org, Tukubash 3050801, Japan. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA. Hamilton Coll, Clinton, NY 13323 USA. Univ Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada. TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. Joint Nucl Res Inst, Dubna, Russia. Univ Dayton, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. RP Masuda, Y (reprint author), KEK, High Energy Accelerator Res Org, Tukubash 3050801, Japan. NR 20 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUN 30 PY 2003 VL 721 BP 485C EP 488C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(03)01105-9 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 697JH UT WOS:000183938800092 ER PT J AU Numao, T Awes, T Berridge, S Bugg, W Cianciolo, V Davydov, Y Efremenko, Y Gearhart, R Kamyshkov, Y Ovchinnikov, S Poutissou, JM Young, G AF Numao, T Awes, T Berridge, S Bugg, W Cianciolo, V Davydov, Y Efremenko, Y Gearhart, R Kamyshkov, Y Ovchinnikov, S Poutissou, JM Young, G TI pi(-) absorption in water and light material SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th Particles and Nuclei International Conference (PANIC 02) CY SEP 30-OCT 04, 2002 CL OSAKA, JAPAN ID BRANCHING RATIO; NEGATIVE PIONS; LIQUID-HELIUM AB We report on a search for the free-decay component of the pi(-) stopped in water and light materials. A non-zero value of this would be an indication of (v) over bar (e) contamination in the v(e) and (v) over bar (mu) beams at the stopped-beam neutrino facilities. C1 TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Numao, T (reprint author), TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. RI Kamyshkov, Yuri/J-7999-2016 OI Kamyshkov, Yuri/0000-0002-3789-7152 NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUN 30 PY 2003 VL 721 BP 491C EP 494C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(03)01106-0 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 697JH UT WOS:000183938800093 ER PT J AU Garcia, FG AF Garcia, FG CA BooNE Collaboration TI Current status of the MiniBooNE experiment SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th Particles and Nuclei International Conference (PANIC 02) CY SEP 30-OCT 04, 2002 CL OSAKA, JAPAN AB This paper reviews the current status of the Fermilab mini-Booster neutrino experiment (MiniBooNE). The experiment began taking beam data in late August 2002. We describe the experiment, status of the beamline and detector, and show the first neutrino candidate events. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Garcia, FG (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUN 30 PY 2003 VL 721 BP 505C EP 508C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(03)01110-2 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 697JH UT WOS:000183938800097 ER PT J AU Doe, P Ejiri, H Elliott, SR Engel, J Finger, M Fushimi, K Gehman, V Gorine, A Greenfield, M Hazama, R Ichihara, K Itahashi, T Kavitov, P Kekelidze, V Kuroda, K Kutsalo, V Matsuoka, K Manouilov, I Nomachi, M Para, A Rjazanstev, A Robertson, RGH Shichijo, Y Stonehill, LC Shima, T Shirkov, G Sissakian, A Sugaya, Y Titov, A Vatulin, V Voronov, V Vilches, OE Wilkerson, JF Will, DI Yoshida, S AF Doe, P Ejiri, H Elliott, SR Engel, J Finger, M Fushimi, K Gehman, V Gorine, A Greenfield, M Hazama, R Ichihara, K Itahashi, T Kavitov, P Kekelidze, V Kuroda, K Kutsalo, V Matsuoka, K Manouilov, I Nomachi, M Para, A Rjazanstev, A Robertson, RGH Shichijo, Y Stonehill, LC Shima, T Shirkov, G Sissakian, A Sugaya, Y Titov, A Vatulin, V Voronov, V Vilches, OE Wilkerson, JF Will, DI Yoshida, S TI Neutrino studies in Mo-100 and MOON - Mo observatory of neutrinos SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th Particles and Nuclei International Conference (PANIC 02) CY SEP 30-OCT 04, 2002 CL OSAKA, JAPAN ID DOUBLE-BETA-DECAY AB The MOON (Molybdenum Observatory Of Neutrinos) project is a hybrid betabeta and solar v experiment with Mo-100. It aims at high sensitive studies of betabeta decays with a sensitivity of < m(nu) > similar to0.03 eV and real-time studies of pp and Be-7 solar nu's. The double beta rays from Mo-100 are measured in prompt coincidence for the 0nubetabeta studies, and the inverse beta rays from solar-nu captures of Mo-100 are measured in delayed coincidence with the subsequent beta decay of Tc-100. Measurements with good position resolution enable one to select true signals by spatial and time correlations. C1 CENPA, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Osaka Univ, RCNP, Osaka 5670047, Japan. LANL, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. Charles Univ, FMP, CZ-18000 Prague 8, Czech Republic. Univ Tokushima, IAS, Tokushima 7708592, Japan. IHEP, Protvino 142284, Russia. Int Christian Univ, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1818585, Japan. Osaka Univ, OULNS & Phys, Toyonaka, Osaka 5600043, Japan. VNIIEF, Sarov, Russia. Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. CERN, Prevessian, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Doe, P (reprint author), CENPA, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. OI Wilkerson, John/0000-0002-0342-0217 NR 10 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUN 30 PY 2003 VL 721 BP 517C EP 520C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(03)01113-8 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 697JH UT WOS:000183938800100 ER PT J AU Ahrens, J Bai, X Barwick, SW Becka, T Becker, KH Bernardini, E Bertrand, D Binon, F Biron, A Boser, S Botner, O Bouhali, O Burgess, T Carius, S Castermans, T Chirkin, D Conrad, J Cooley, J Cowen, DF Davour, A De Clercq, C DeYoung, T Desiati, P Dewulf, JP Ekstrom, P Feser, T Gaisser, TK Ganupati, R Gaug, M Geenen, H Gerhardt, L Goldschmidt, A Hallgren, A Halzen, F Hanson, K Hardtke, R Hauschildt, T Hellwig, M Herquet, P Hilll, GC Hulth, PO Hultqvist, K Hundertmark, S Jacobsen, J Karle, A Kopke, L Kuehn, K Kowalski, M Lamoureux, JI Leich, H Leuthold, M Lindahl, P Liubarsky, I Madsen, J Mandli, K Marciniewski, P Matis, HS McParland, CP Messarius, T Minaeva, Y Miocinovic, P Morse, R Nalmhauer, R Neunhoffer, T Niessen, P Nygren, DR Ogelman, H Olbrechts, P de los Heros, CP Pohl, AC Price, PB Przybylski, GT Rawlins, K Resconi, E Rhode, W Ribordy, M Richter, S Martino, JR Sander, HG Schmidt, T Schneider, D Schinarakis, K Schwarz, R Silvestri, A Solarz, M Spiczak, GM Spiering, C Steele, D Steffen, P Stokstad, RG Sudoff, P Sulanke, KH Taboada, I Thollander, L Tilav, S Wagner, W Walck, C Weinheimer, C Wiebusch, CH Wiedemann, C Wischnewski, R Wissing, H Woschnagg, K Yodh, G Young, S AF Ahrens, J Bai, X Barwick, SW Becka, T Becker, KH Bernardini, E Bertrand, D Binon, F Biron, A Boser, S Botner, O Bouhali, O Burgess, T Carius, S Castermans, T Chirkin, D Conrad, J Cooley, J Cowen, DF Davour, A De Clercq, C DeYoung, T Desiati, P Dewulf, JP Ekstrom, P Feser, T Gaisser, TK Ganupati, R Gaug, M Geenen, H Gerhardt, L Goldschmidt, A Hallgren, A Halzen, F Hanson, K Hardtke, R Hauschildt, T Hellwig, M Herquet, P Hilll, GC Hulth, PO Hultqvist, K Hundertmark, S Jacobsen, J Karle, A Kopke, L Kuehn, K Kowalski, M Lamoureux, JI Leich, H Leuthold, M Lindahl, P Liubarsky, I Madsen, J Mandli, K Marciniewski, P Matis, HS McParland, CP Messarius, T Minaeva, Y Miocinovic, P Morse, R Nalmhauer, R Neunhoffer, T Niessen, P Nygren, DR Ogelman, H Olbrechts, P de los Heros, CP Pohl, AC Price, PB Przybylski, GT Rawlins, K Resconi, E Rhode, W Ribordy, M Richter, S Martino, JR Sander, HG Schmidt, T Schneider, D Schinarakis, K Schwarz, R Silvestri, A Solarz, M Spiczak, GM Spiering, C Steele, D Steffen, P Stokstad, RG Sudoff, P Sulanke, KH Taboada, I Thollander, L Tilav, S Wagner, W Walck, C Weinheimer, C Wiebusch, CH Wiedemann, C Wischnewski, R Wissing, H Woschnagg, K Yodh, G Young, S TI Results from the AMANDA telescope SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th Particles and Nuclei International Conference (PANIC 02) CY SEP 30-OCT 04, 2002 CL OSAKA, JAPAN AB We present results from the AMANDA high energy neutrino telescope located at the South Pole. They include measurements of the atmospheric neutrino flux, search for UHE point sources, and diffuse sources producing electromagnetic/hadronic showers at the detector or close to it. C1 Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany. Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA. Berg Univ Gesamthsch Wuppertal, Fachbereich Phys 8, D-42097 Wuppertal, Germany. Free Univ Brussels, Fac Sci, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany. Kalmar Univ, Dept Technol, S-39182 Kalmar, Sweden. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA. Univ Uppsala, Div High Energy Phys, S-75121 Uppsala, Sweden. Stockholm Univ, SCFAB, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. Free Univ Brussels, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. Univ Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium. Univ Simon Bolivar, Dept Fis, Caracas 1080A, Venezuela. RP Ahrens, J (reprint author), Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany. RI Wiebusch, Christopher/G-6490-2012; Hundertmark, Stephan/A-6592-2010; Botner, Olga/A-9110-2013; Hallgren, Allan/A-8963-2013; GAug, Markus/L-2340-2014; OI Wiebusch, Christopher/0000-0002-6418-3008; GAug, Markus/0000-0001-8442-7877; Perez de los Heros, Carlos/0000-0002-2084-5866 NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUN 30 PY 2003 VL 721 BP 545C EP 548C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(03)01120-5 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 697JH UT WOS:000183938800107 ER PT J AU Winter, W Rehm, KE Jiang, CL Ahmad, I Freedman, SJ Greene, J Heinz, A Henderson, D Janssens, RVF Moore, EF Mukherjee, G Pardo, RC Paul, M Pennington, T Savard, G Schiffer, JP Seweryniak, D Zinkann, G AF Winter, W Rehm, KE Jiang, CL Ahmad, I Freedman, SJ Greene, J Heinz, A Henderson, D Janssens, RVF Moore, EF Mukherjee, G Pardo, RC Paul, M Pennington, T Savard, G Schiffer, JP Seweryniak, D Zinkann, G TI Measurement of the B-8 neutrino spectrum SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th Particles and Nuclei International Conference (PANIC 02) CY SEP 30-OCT 04, 2002 CL OSAKA, JAPAN ID DECAY; ALPHA AB The neutrino spectrum from the decay of B-8 is a crucial ingredient in interpreting recent data from solar neutrino detectors. The beta(+) decay of B-8 proceeds to a broad state in Be-8, and the shape of the neutrino spectrum may be obtained from a measurement of the a spectrum following the beta(+) decay. A new technique has been used at the ATLAS accelerator to measure this spectrum by implanting B-8 particles into the mid-plane of a 91 mum thick Si detector. The advantage of this method is that both alpha particles are detected and systematic effects due to energy loss in catcher foils and dead layers of the detector are eliminated. To calibrate the detector, alpha's from the decay of Na-20 ions produced and implanted with the same technique were used. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, IL-91905 Jerusalem, Israel. RP Winter, W (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Heinz, Andreas/E-3191-2014 NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUN 30 PY 2003 VL 721 BP 553C EP 555C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(03)01122-9 PG 3 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 697JH UT WOS:000183938800109 ER PT J AU Kulesza, A Sterman, G Vogelsang, W AF Kulesza, A Sterman, G Vogelsang, W TI Phenomenological studies in QCD resummation SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th Particles and Nuclei International Conference (PANIC 02) CY SEP 30-OCT 04, 2002 CL OSAKA, JAPAN ID SMALL TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM; HIGGS-BOSON PRODUCTION; HADRONIC COLLISIONS; LOGARITHMIC CORRECTIONS; CROSS-SECTION; DISTRIBUTIONS; ANNIHILATION; COLLIDERS; PAIRS AB We study applications of QCD soft-gluon resummations to electroweak annihilation cross sections. We focus on a formalism that allows to resum logarithmic corrections arising near partonic threshold and at small transverse momentum simultaneously. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, CN Yang Inst Theoret Phys, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN, Res Ctr & Nucl Theory, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM wvogelsang@bnl.gov NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 EI 1873-1554 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUN 30 PY 2003 VL 721 BP 591C EP 596C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(03)01130-8 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 697JH UT WOS:000183938800117 ER PT J AU Page, PR AF Page, PR TI The anomalous suppression of pi(2)(1670) -> b(1)(1235) pi SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th Particles and Nuclei International Conference (PANIC 02) CY SEP 30-OCT 04, 2002 CL OSAKA, JAPAN ID DECAYS AB We show that current experimental data indicate that the strong decay mode pi(2) --> b(1)pi is anomalously small (more than 3 times smaller than all other decay modes of the pi(2)). This acts as a powerful discriminator for and against various decay models. Nonrelativistic quark models with spin-1 pair creation, e.g. P-3(0) (flux-tube breaking) and S-3(1) and D-3(1) (chromo-electric string-breaking) models, as well as lowest order one-boson (in this case pi) emission models, can accommodate the experimental data because of a quark-spin selection rule. Models that violated the selection rule, e.g. higher order one-boson emission decay mechanisms, as well as mixing with other Fock states and relativistic effects, may be constrained by the small pi(2) --> b(1)pi decay. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Page, PR (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, MS B283, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Page, Philip/L-1885-2015 OI Page, Philip/0000-0002-2201-6703 NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUN 30 PY 2003 VL 721 BP 609C EP 612C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(03)01134-5 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 697JH UT WOS:000183938800121 ER PT J AU Oh, Y Lee, TSH AF Oh, Y Lee, TSH TI pi and rho loop corrections to omega photoproduction in the resonance region SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th Particles and Nuclei International Conference (PANIC 02) CY SEP 30-OCT 04, 2002 CL OSAKA, JAPAN ID POLARIZED PHOTON-BEAM; SCATTERING; NUCLEON; MASONS; MESONS; PROTON; MODEL AB One-loop corrections due to the intermediate piN and rhoN states are studied in omega photoproduction near threshold. Our results show that the coupled-channel effects should be taken into account in extracting reliable nucleon resonance parameters from the forthcoming vector meson photoproduction data in the resonance region. C1 Yonsei Univ, Inst Phys & Appl Phys, Seoul 120749, South Korea. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Oh, Y (reprint author), Yonsei Univ, Inst Phys & Appl Phys, Seoul 120749, South Korea. RI Oh, Yongseok/A-2504-2008 OI Oh, Yongseok/0000-0001-9822-8975 NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUN 30 PY 2003 VL 721 BP 743C EP 746C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(03)01171-0 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 697JH UT WOS:000183938800153 ER PT J AU Afanasev, A Carlson, CE AF Afanasev, A Carlson, CE TI Hard pion electroproduction at medium energies SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th Particles and Nuclei International Conference (PANIC 02) CY SEP 30-OCT 04, 2002 CL OSAKA, JAPAN ID DEEP-INELASTIC SCATTERING; SEMIEXCLUSIVE PRODUCTION; PHOTOPRODUCTION; DISTRIBUTIONS AB Even at moderate energy machines, there is a regime where hard pion electroproduction proceeds by a perturbatively calculable process. The process, we claim, is not the leading twist fragmentation one but rather a higher twist process that produces kinematically isolated pions. Semiexclusive data may teach us more about parton distribution functions of the target and the pion distribution amplitude. In addition, there is a connection to generalized parton distribution calculations of exclusive processes in that the perturbative kernel is the same. C1 Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Coll William & Mary, Dept Phys, Nucl & Particle Theory Grp, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. RP Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, 1200 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. EM carlson@physics.wm.edu OI Afanasev, Andrei/0000-0003-0679-3307 NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 EI 1873-1554 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUN 30 PY 2003 VL 721 BP 763C EP 768C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(03)01176-X PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 697JH UT WOS:000183938800158 ER PT J AU Felix, J Berisso, MC Christian, DC Gara, A Gottschalk, EE Gutierrez, G Hartouni, EP Knapp, BC Kreisler, MN Lee, S Markianos, K Moreno, G Reyes, MA Wang, MHLS Wehmann, A Wesson, D AF Felix, J Berisso, MC Christian, DC Gara, A Gottschalk, EE Gutierrez, G Hartouni, EP Knapp, BC Kreisler, MN Lee, S Markianos, K Moreno, G Reyes, MA Wang, MHLS Wehmann, A Wesson, D TI Resonances and Lambda(0) polarization in 800 GeV/c pp -> p(diffracted)Lambda K-0(+) SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th Particles and Nuclei International Conference (PANIC 02) CY SEP 30-OCT 04, 2002 CL OSAKA, JAPAN ID MAGNETIC-MOMENT; INCLUSIVE PRODUCTION; HYPERONS; PROTONS; BERYLLIUM AB Lambda(0) polarization from pp --> p(diffracted)Lambda(0)K(+) at 800 GeV/c in the average depends linearly on Lambda(0)K(+) invariant mass: Lambda(0) polarization is 0.635 +/- 0.036 at 1.64 GeV, consistent with zero at similar to2.195 GeV, and -0.586 +/- 0.072 at 3.200 GeV. The origin of this Lambda(0) polarization is, probably, the interference of at least two Lambda(0)K(+) resonances, created from the excitation of the target proton, due to the diffracted proton transferred momentum. C1 Univ Guanajuato, Leon Guanajuato, Mexico. Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL USA. Columbia Univ, Nevis Lab, New York, NY USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. RP Univ Guanajuato, Leon Guanajuato, Mexico. NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 EI 1873-1554 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUN 30 PY 2003 VL 721 BP 805C EP 808C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(03)01186-2 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 697JH UT WOS:000183938800168 ER PT J AU Nemoto, Y Nakajima, N Matsufuru, H Suganuma, H AF Nemoto, Y Nakajima, N Matsufuru, H Suganuma, H TI Negative-parity baryons in quenched anisotropic lattice QCD SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th Particles and Nuclei International Conference (PANIC 02) CY SEP 30-OCT 04, 2002 CL OSAKA, JAPAN ID CHIRAL-SYMMETRY AB We study negative-parity baryon spectra in quenched anisotropic lattice QCD. The negative-parity baryons are measured as the parity partner of the ground-state baryons. In addition to the flavor octet and decuplet baryons, we pay much attention to the flavor-singlet negative-parity baryon as a three-quark state and compare it with the Lambda(1405) baryon. For the flavor octet and decuplet negative-parity baryons,. the calculated masses are close to experimental values of corresponding lowest-lying negative-parity baryons. On the other hand, the flavor-singlet baryon is found to be much heavier than Lambda(1405), which indicates the multi-quark state of Lambda(1405) such as the N (K) over bar molecule rather than the flavor-singlet three-quark state. C1 RIKEN, BNL Res Ctr, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Kochi Med Sch, Ctr Med Informat Sci, Kochi 7838505, Japan. Kyoto Univ, Yukawa Inst Theoret Phys, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. Tokyo Inst Technol, Fac Sci, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. RP Nemoto, Y (reprint author), RIKEN, BNL Res Ctr, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUN 30 PY 2003 VL 721 BP 879C EP 882C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(03)01233-8 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 697JH UT WOS:000183938800185 ER PT J AU Fleming, GT Kilcup, GW Nelson, DR AF Fleming, GT Kilcup, GW Nelson, DR TI Gasser-Leutwyler coefficients from partially quenched lattice QCD SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th Particles and Nuclei International Conference (PANIC 02) CY SEP 30-OCT 04, 2002 CL OSAKA, JAPAN ID CHIRAL PERTURBATION-THEORY; QUARK; MASS AB We present the latest results of our ongoing project to determine the Gasser-Leutwyler coefficients of the QCD chiral Lagrangian using partially quenched lattice QCD with three flavors of light dynamical quarks. We are currently studying the mass dependence of the pseudoscalar meson and can extract 2L(8) - L-5 and 2L(6) - L-4. Neither combination can be determined from experimental data alone. While phenomenological estimates have been available for some time, precise ab initio determination of these low energy constants could greatly reduce the theoretical uncertainties of chiral perturbation theory calculations. Our value of 2L(8) - L-5 is particularly interesting because it rules out the possibility that a massless up quark is responsible for strong CP invariance. We will discuss in some detail the studies we have done to estimate the theoretical uncertainties of our simulations. C1 Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA USA. EM gfleming@mps.ohio-state.edu RI Fleming, George/L-6614-2013 OI Fleming, George/0000-0002-4987-7167 NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 EI 1873-1554 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUN 30 PY 2003 VL 721 BP 883C EP 886C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(03)01234-X PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 697JH UT WOS:000183938800186 ER PT J AU Thomas, AW Ashley, JD Detmold, W Leinweber, DB Melnitchouk, W Young, RD AF Thomas, AW Ashley, JD Detmold, W Leinweber, DB Melnitchouk, W Young, RD TI Progress in the calculation of nucleon form factors and parton distribution functions SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th Particles and Nuclei International Conference (PANIC 02) CY SEP 30-OCT 04, 2002 CL OSAKA, JAPAN ID INCORPORATING CHIRAL-SYMMETRY; BAG MODEL; EXTRAPOLATIONS; BREAKING; SEA AB Even though current lattice calculations are limited to unrealistically large quark masses, it is possible to implement the model independent constraints of chiral symmetry in extrapolations to the physical region. We discuss the role of the Delta-isobar in the extrapolation of the moments of spin dependent parton distribution functions. Unlike the unpolarised case, the Delta plays a crucial role for the isovector spin dependent distributions. We also present initial results for the extrapolation of isovector nucleon form factors, finding reasonably good agreement with experimental data. C1 Univ Adelaide, Special Res Ctr Subatom Struct Matter, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys & Math Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. Univ Washington, Inst Nucl Theory, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Thomas, AW (reprint author), Univ Adelaide, Special Res Ctr Subatom Struct Matter, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. RI Young, Ross/H-8207-2012; Leinweber, Derek/J-6705-2013; OI Leinweber, Derek/0000-0002-4745-6027; Detmold, William/0000-0002-0400-8363; Thomas, Anthony/0000-0003-0026-499X NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUN 30 PY 2003 VL 721 BP 915C EP 921C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(03)01242-9 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 697JH UT WOS:000183938800194 ER PT J AU Takahashi, TT Suganuma, H Ichie, H Matsufuru, H Nemoto, Y AF Takahashi, TT Suganuma, H Ichie, H Matsufuru, H Nemoto, Y TI Behind the success of the quark model SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th Particles and Nuclei International Conference (PANIC 02) CY SEP 30-OCT 04, 2002 CL OSAKA, JAPAN ID QCD AB The ground-state three-quark (3Q) potential V-3Q(g.s) and the excited-state 3Q potential V-3Q(e.s) are studied using SU(3) lattice QCD at the quenched level. For more than 300 patterns of the 3Q systems, the ground-state potential V-3Q(g.s) is investigated in detail in lattice QCD with 12(3) x 24 at beta = 5.7 and with 16(3) x 32 at beta = 5.8,6.0. As a result, the ground-state potential V-3Q(g.s) is found to be well described with Y-ansatz within the 1%-level deviation. From the comparison with the Q-Q potential, we find the universality of the string tension as sigma(3Q) similar or equal to sigma(Q (Q) over bar) and the one-gluon-exchange result as A(3Q) similar or equal to 1/2A(Q (Q) over bar.) The excited-state potential V-3Q(e.s) is also studied in lattice QCD with 16(3) x 32 at beta = 5.8 for 24 patterns of the 3Q systems. The energy gap between V-3Q(g.s) and V-3Q(e.s) which physically means the gluonic excitation energy, is found to be about 1GeV in the typical hadronic scale, which is relatively large compared with the excitation energy of the quark origin. This large gluonic excitation energy justifies the great success of the simple quark model. C1 Osaka Univ, RCNP, Ibaraki, Osaka 5670047, Japan. Tokyo Inst Technol, Fac Sci, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-10115 Berlin, Germany. Kyoto Univ, Yukawa Inst Theoret Phys, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. RIKEN, BNL Res Ctr, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Takahashi, TT (reprint author), Osaka Univ, RCNP, Mihogaoka 10-1, Ibaraki, Osaka 5670047, Japan. NR 9 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUN 30 PY 2003 VL 721 BP 926C EP 929C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(03)01244-2 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 697JH UT WOS:000183938800196 ER PT J AU Takahashi, H Ahn, JK Akikawa, H Aoki, S Arai, K Bahk, SY Baik, KM Bassalleck, B Chung, JH Chung, MS Davis, DH Fukuda, T Hoshino, K Ichikawa, A Ieiri, M Imai, K Iwata, YH Iwata, YS Kanda, H Kaneko, M Kawai, T Kawasaki, M Kim, CO Kim, JY Kim, SJ Kim, SH Kondo, Y Kouketsu, T Kyaw, KN Lee, YL McNabb, JWC Mitsuhara, M Nagase, Y Nagoshi, C Nakazawa, K Noumi, H Ogawa, S Okabe, H Okuda, M Oyama, K Park, BD Park, HM Park, IG Parker, J Ra, YS Rhee, JT Rusek, A Shibuya, H Sim, KS Saha, PK Seki, D Sekimoto, M Song, JS Takahashi, T Takeutchi, F Tanaka, H Tanida, K Tojo, J Torii, H Torikai, S Tovee, DN Ushida, N Wint, T Yamamoto, K Yasuda, N Yang, JT Yoon, CJ Yoon, CS Yosoi, M Yoshida, T Zhu, L AF Takahashi, H Ahn, JK Akikawa, H Aoki, S Arai, K Bahk, SY Baik, KM Bassalleck, B Chung, JH Chung, MS Davis, DH Fukuda, T Hoshino, K Ichikawa, A Ieiri, M Imai, K Iwata, YH Iwata, YS Kanda, H Kaneko, M Kawai, T Kawasaki, M Kim, CO Kim, JY Kim, SJ Kim, SH Kondo, Y Kouketsu, T Kyaw, KN Lee, YL McNabb, JWC Mitsuhara, M Nagase, Y Nagoshi, C Nakazawa, K Noumi, H Ogawa, S Okabe, H Okuda, M Oyama, K Park, BD Park, HM Park, IG Parker, J Ra, YS Rhee, JT Rusek, A Shibuya, H Sim, KS Saha, PK Seki, D Sekimoto, M Song, JS Takahashi, T Takeutchi, F Tanaka, H Tanida, K Tojo, J Torii, H Torikai, S Tovee, DN Ushida, N Wint, T Yamamoto, K Yasuda, N Yang, JT Yoon, CJ Yoon, CS Yosoi, M Yoshida, T Zhu, L TI Observation of double-hypernuclei and Lambda-Lambda interaction SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th Particles and Nuclei International Conference (PANIC 02) CY SEP 30-OCT 04, 2002 CL OSAKA, JAPAN ID DOUBLE HYPERFRAGMENT AB A hybrid-emulsion experiment has been carried out at KEK-PS to study S = -2 nuclei. With the analysis of about 35 % of total emulsion, we have successfully found three events of sequential weak decay of a double-hypernucleus. The results of these E373 events are summarized together with those of past experiments. The first experimental study of the branching ratios of weak decay modes of double-hypernuclei has been performed. C1 Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. Kobe Univ, Fac Human Dev, Kobe, Hyogo 6578501, Japan. Toho Univ, Dept Phys, Funabashi, Chiba 2748510, Japan. Wonkwang Univ, Iri 570749, South Korea. Korea Univ, Dept Phys, Seoul 136701, South Korea. Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Gifu Univ, Dept Phys, Gifu 5011193, Japan. UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London WC1E 6BT, England. KEK, Inst Particle & Nucl Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. Nagoya Univ, Dept Phys, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. Chonnam Natl Univ, Kwangju 500757, South Korea. Gyeongsang Natl Univ, Dept Phys, Jinju 660701, South Korea. Konkuk Univ, Inst Adv Phys, Seoul 143701, South Korea. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Higashi Nippon Int Univ, Iwaki, Fukushima 9708023, Japan. Osaka Prefectural Educ Ctr, Osaka 5580011, Japan. Brookhaven Natl Lab, New York, NY 11973 USA. Tohoku Univ, Dept Phys, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan. Kyoto Sangyo Univ, Fac Sci, Kyoto 6038555, Japan. Aichi Univ Educ, Kariya, Aichi 4488542, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. Natl Inst Radiol Sci, Chiba 2638555, Japan. Osaka City Univ, Dept Phys, Osaka 5588585, Japan. RP KEK, Inst Particle & Nucl Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. EM thitoshi@nh.scphys.kyoto-u.ac.jp; jkahn@kaon.phys.pusan.ac.kr; Bassalleck@Baryon.phys.unm.edu; fukuda@isc.osakac.ac.jp; imai@nh.scphys.kyoto-u.ac.jp; kondo@kokugakuin.ac.jp; nakazawa@cc.gifu-u.ac.jp; hiroyuki.noumi@kek.jp; ttoru@rcnp.osaka-u.ac.jp; takeut@ksuvx0.kyoto-su.c.jp; tanida@rarfaxp.riken.go.jp RI Ahn, Jung Keun/C-1293-2008; Aoki, Shigeki/L-6044-2015 NR 9 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 EI 1873-1554 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUN 30 PY 2003 VL 721 BP 951C EP 954C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(03)01249-1 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 697JH UT WOS:000183938800201 ER PT J AU Sakaguchi, A Ajimura, S Hayakawa, H Kishimoto, T Kohri, H Matsuoka, K Minami, S Miyake, YS Morikubo, K Saji, E Shimizu, Y Sumihama, M Chrien, RE May, M Pile, P Rusek, A Sutter, R Eugenio, PM Franklin, G Khaustov, P Paschke, K Quinn, B Schumacher, RA Franz, J Fukuda, T Gan, L Tang, L Yuan, L Nakano, J Noumi, H Outa, H Tamagawa, T Tanida, K Sawafta, R Tamura, H Akikawa, H AF Sakaguchi, A Ajimura, S Hayakawa, H Kishimoto, T Kohri, H Matsuoka, K Minami, S Miyake, YS Morikubo, K Saji, E Shimizu, Y Sumihama, M Chrien, RE May, M Pile, P Rusek, A Sutter, R Eugenio, PM Franklin, G Khaustov, P Paschke, K Quinn, B Schumacher, RA Franz, J Fukuda, T Gan, L Tang, L Yuan, L Nakano, J Noumi, H Outa, H Tamagawa, T Tanida, K Sawafta, R Tamura, H Akikawa, H TI Structure of C-13(Lambda) hypernucleus studied by the (K-,pi(-) gamma) reaction SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th Particles and Nuclei International Conference (PANIC 02) CY SEP 30-OCT 04, 2002 CL OSAKA, JAPAN AB The BNL-AGS/E929 experiment was carried out to study energy levels of the C-13(Lambda) hypernucleus by a gamma-ray spectroscopy. Energy splitting of the spin-orbit doublets, 1/2(-) and 3/2(-) states, was estimated precisely. The excitation energy of the 1st 3/2(+) state was also measured. We discuss the symmetric and the anti-symmetric spin-orbit interactions between a Lambda particle and a nucleon from the measurement. C1 Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Toyonaka, Osaka 5600043, Japan. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Freiburg, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany. Osaka Electrocommun Univ, Phys Lab, Neyagawa, Osaka 5728530, Japan. Hampton Univ, Dept Phys, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. High Energy Accelerator Res Org, Tsukuba, Ibaragi 3050801, Japan. Inst Phys & Chem Res, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. N Carolina Agr & Tech State Univ, Dept Phys, Greensboro, NC 27411 USA. Tohoku Univ, Dept Phys, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan. Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. RP Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Toyonaka, Osaka 5600043, Japan. EM sakaguch@phys.sci.osaka-u.ac.jp; ajimura@phys.sci.osaka-u.ac.jp; kisimoto@phys.sci.osaka-u.ac.jp; minami@km.phys.sci.osaka-u.ac.jp; yshimizu@rcnp.osaka-u.ac.jp; sumihama@rcnp.osaka-u.ac.jp; schumacher@cmu.edu; fukuda@icrr.u-tokyo.ac.jp; tangl@jlab.org; hiroyuki.noumi@kek.jp; outa@post.kek.jp; tanida@rarfaxp.riken.go.jp; tamura@lambda.phys.tohoku.ac.jp RI Schumacher, Reinhard/K-6455-2013; Franklin, Gregg/N-7743-2014 OI Schumacher, Reinhard/0000-0002-3860-1827; Franklin, Gregg/0000-0003-4176-1378 NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 EI 1873-1554 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUN 30 PY 2003 VL 721 BP 979C EP 982C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(03)01264-8 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 697JH UT WOS:000183938800208 ER PT J AU Tanida, K Akikawa, H Fukao, Y Hotchi, H Imai, K Miura, Y Miwa, K Mizunuma, K Nakamura, SN Niiyama, M Ohta, S Saha, PK Takahashi, H Takahashi, T Tamura, H Terashima, S Togawa, M Ukai, M AF Tanida, K Akikawa, H Fukao, Y Hotchi, H Imai, K Miura, Y Miwa, K Mizunuma, K Nakamura, SN Niiyama, M Ohta, S Saha, PK Takahashi, H Takahashi, T Tamura, H Terashima, S Togawa, M Ukai, M TI High-resolution gamma-ray spectroscopy of hyperfragments produced by stopped K- reactions SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th Particles and Nuclei International Conference (PANIC 02) CY SEP 30-OCT 04, 2002 CL OSAKA, JAPAN ID LI-7(LAMBDA); HYPERNUCLEI AB We measured gamma rays of hyperfragments produced by stopped K- reactions on light (A less than or equal to 12) targets (KEK-PS E509). By preliminary analysis, 2050 keV gamma ray from Li-7(Lambda)(E2:5/2(+) --> 1/2(+)) is seen with B-10 and C targets. Also, two candidates for new hypernuclear gamma rays are observed. C1 RIKEN, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Tohoku Univ, Dept Phys, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan. Osaka Electrocommun Univ, Phys Lab, Neyagawa, Osaka 5728530, Japan. RP RIKEN, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. EM tanida@rarfaxp.riken.go.jp; imai@nh.scphys.kyoto-u.ac.jp; nue@lambda.phys-tohoku.ac.jp; niiyama@nh.scphys.kyoto-u.ac.jp; pranab@nexus.kek.jp; thitoshi@nh.scphys.kyoto-u.ac.jp; takahasi@lambda.phys.tohoku.ac.jp; tamura@lambda.phys.tohoku.ac.jp; togawa@nh.sephys.kyoto-u.ac.jp NR 7 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 EI 1873-1554 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUN 30 PY 2003 VL 721 BP 999C EP 1002C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(03)01271-5 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 697JH UT WOS:000183938800213 ER PT J AU de Jager, K Merminga, L Derbenev, Y AF de Jager, K Merminga, L Derbenev, Y TI An electron-ion collider at CEBAF SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th Particles and Nuclei International Conference (PANIC 02) CY SEP 30-OCT 04, 2002 CL OSAKA, JAPAN AB Electron-ion colliders with a center of mass energy between 15 and 100 GeV, a luminosity of at least 10(33) cm(-2)s(-1), and a polarization of both beams at or above 80% have been proposed for future studies of hadronic structure. The scheme proposed here would accelerate the electron beam using the CEBAF recirculating linac with energy recovery. If all accelerating structures presently installed in the CEBAF tunnel are replaced by ones with a similar to 20 MV/m gradient, then a single recirculation results in an electron beam energy of about 5 GeV. After colliding with protons/light ions circulating in a figure-of-eight storage ring (for flexibility of spin manipulation) at an energy of up to 100 GeV, the electrons are re-injected into the CEBAF accelerator for deceleration and energy recovery. In this report several layout options and their respective feasibilities will be presented and discussed, together with parameters which would provide a luminosity of up to I . 10(35) cm(-2) s(-1). The feasibility of combining such a collider at a center-of-mass energy roots of up to 43 GeV with a fixed target facility at 25 GeV is also explored. C1 Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP de Jager, K (reprint author), Jefferson Lab, 12000 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUN 30 PY 2003 VL 721 BP 1067C EP 1070C DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(03)01286-7 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 697JH UT WOS:000183938800228 ER PT J AU Moore, JE AF Moore, JE TI Conservation laws in the quantum Hall Liouvillian theory and its generalizations SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article ID TRANSITION; DELOCALIZATION; FIELD AB It is known that the localization length scaling of noninteracting electrons near the quantum Hall plateau transition can be described in a theory of the bosonic density operators, with no reference to the underlying fermions. The resulting "Liouvillian" theory has a U(1\1) global supersymmetry as well as a hierarchy of geometric conservation laws related to the noncommutative geometry of the lowest Landau level (LLL). Approximations to the Liouvillian theory contain quite different physics from standard approximations to the underlying fermionic theory. Mean-field and large-N generalizations of the Liouvillian are shown to describe problems of noninteracting bosons that enlarge the U(1\1) supersymmetry to U(1\1) x SO(N) or U(1\1) x SU(N). These noninteracting bosonic problems are studied numerically for 2 less than or equal to N less than or equal to 8 by Monte Carlo simulation and compared to the original N = 1 Liouvillian theory. The N > 1 generalizations preserve the first two of the hierarchy of geometric conservation laws, leading to logarithmic corrections at order 1/N to the diffusive large-N limit, but do not preserve the remaining conservation laws. The emergence of nontrivial scaling at the plateau transition, in the Liouvillian approach, is shown to depend sensitively on the unusual geometry of Landau levels. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Moore, JE (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Moore, Joel/O-4959-2016 OI Moore, Joel/0000-0002-4294-5761 NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD JUN 30 PY 2003 VL 661 IS 3 BP 514 EP 532 DI 10.1016/S0550-3213(03)00345-6 PG 19 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 691RY UT WOS:000183620300003 ER PT J AU Holtberg, P Hirsch, R AF Holtberg, P Hirsch, R TI Can we identify limits to worldwide energy resources? SO OIL & GAS JOURNAL LA English DT Article C1 US DOE, Washington, DC 20545 USA. RP Holtberg, P (reprint author), US DOE, Washington, DC 20545 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PENNWELL PUBL CO ENERGY GROUP PI TULSA PA 1421 S SHERIDAN RD PO BOX 1260, TULSA, OK 74101 USA SN 0030-1388 J9 OIL GAS J JI Oil Gas J. PD JUN 30 PY 2003 VL 101 IS 25 BP 20 EP + PG 5 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Petroleum SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 697JB UT WOS:000183938100008 ER PT J AU Arkin, A AF Arkin, A TI Assert yourself, appreciate your colleagues SO SCIENTIST LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Arkin, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Arkin, Adam/A-6751-2008 OI Arkin, Adam/0000-0002-4999-2931 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SCIENTIST INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3535 MARKET ST, SUITE 200, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-3385 USA SN 0890-3670 J9 SCIENTIST JI Scientist PD JUN 30 PY 2003 VL 17 IS 13 BP 52 EP 52 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science; Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Information Science & Library Science; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 709ZJ UT WOS:000184656200039 ER PT J AU Sewtz, M Backe, H Dong, CZ Dretzke, A Eberhardt, K Fritzsche, S Gruning, C Haire, RG Kube, G Kunz, P Lassen, J Lauth, W Passler, G Schwamb, P Thorle, P Trautmann, N AF Sewtz, M Backe, H Dong, CZ Dretzke, A Eberhardt, K Fritzsche, S Gruning, C Haire, RG Kube, G Kunz, P Lassen, J Lauth, W Passler, G Schwamb, P Thorle, P Trautmann, N TI Resonance ionization spectroscopy of fermium (Z=100) SO SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART B-ATOMIC SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Laser Probing (LAP-2002) CY JUL 07-12, 2002 CL LEUVEN, BELGIUM SP Minist Gov Flanders Educ & Training, European Phys Soc, Fund Sci Res Flanders, Katholieke Univ Leuven, City Leuven, Coherent Inc, Pfeiffer Vacuum Beligium NV SA, Radiant Dyes Laser & Accessories GmbH, Spectra Phys, Wouters Boekhandel DE fermium; resonance ionization spectroscopy; buffer gas; multiconfiguration Dirac-Fock calculations ID CHEMISTRY; ELEMENTS AB Laser spectroscopy has been applied for the first time to measure resonant transition frequencies of fermium (Z = 100). A number of 2.7 X 10(10) atoms was electrodeposited on a Ta filament and covered with a 1 mum Ti layer. Fm atoms were evaporated from the filament at a temperature of approximately 1000 degreesC into an optical cell filled with a buffer gas and were subsequently photoionized in a two-photon 1 + 1' process using a tunable excimer-pumped dye laser and the excimer (XeF) laser itself to produce the resonant (1) and non-resonant (F) photon frequencies, respectively. The created photoions were identified by mass-selective detection. We observed resonant transitions of Fm at dye-laser energies of 25 099.8(2) and 25 111.8(2) cm-(1). A possible classification of these levels is given on the basis of multiconfiguration Dirac-Fock calculations. We also interpreted the recorded time of ion drift through the buffer gas as a novel way to measure the mean ionic charge radius of the heavy elements. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Mainz, Inst Kernphys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany. Univ Kassel, Fachbereich Phys, D-34132 Kassel, Germany. Univ Mainz, Inst Kernchem, D-55099 Mainz, Germany. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany. RP Sewtz, M (reprint author), Univ Mainz, Inst Kernphys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany. OI Gruening, Carsten/0000-0002-6169-2827 NR 13 TC 21 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0584-8547 J9 SPECTROCHIM ACTA B JI Spectroc. Acta Pt. B-Atom. Spectr. PD JUN 30 PY 2003 VL 58 IS 6 BP 1077 EP 1082 DI 10.1016/S0584-8547(03)00065-X PG 6 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA 703VB UT WOS:000184301200009 ER PT J AU Bushaw, BA Nortershauser, W Blaum, K Wendt, K AF Bushaw, BA Nortershauser, W Blaum, K Wendt, K TI Studies of narrow autoionizing resonances in gadolinium SO SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART B-ATOMIC SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Laser Probing (LAP-2002) CY JUL 07-12, 2002 CL LEUVEN, BELGIUM SP Minist Gov Flanders Educ & Training, European Phys Soc, Fund Sci Res Flanders, Katholieke Univ Leuven, City Leuven, Coherent Inc, Pfeiffer Vacuum Beligium NV SA, Radiant Dyes Laser & Accessories GmbH, Spectra Phys, Wouters Boekhandel DE gadolinium; autoionization; saturated photoiodization; Rydberg series; laser spectroscopy ID IONIZATION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; HYPERFINE-STRUCTURE; ISOTOPE SHIFTS; CONFIGURATION INTERACTION; GD-I; STATES; TRANSITIONS; SPECTRA; CA-41; ATOMS AB The autoionization (AI) spectrum of gadolinium between the first and second limits has been investigated by triple-resonance excitation with high-resolution cw lasers. A large number of narrow AI resonances have been observed and assigned total angular momentum J values. The resonances are further divided into members of AI Rydberg series converging to the second limit or other 'interloping' levels. Fine structure in the Rydberg series has been identified and interpreted in terms of J(c)j coupling. A number of detailed studies have been performed on the interloping resonances: these include lifetime determination by line-shape analysis, isotope shifts, hyperfine structure, and photoionization saturation parameters. The electronic structure of the interloping levels is discussed in terms of these studies. Line-widths generally decrease with increasing total angular momentum and the J = 7 resonances are extremely narrow with Lorentzian widths ranging from < 1 MHz up to 157 MHz. The strongest resonances are found to have cross-sections of similar to10(-12) cm(2) and photoionization can be saturated with powers available from cw diode lasers. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Gesellschaft Schwerionenforsch, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany. CERN, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany. RP Bushaw, BA (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI Wendt, Klaus/D-7306-2011; Nortershauser, Wilfried/A-6671-2013 OI Wendt, Klaus/0000-0002-9033-9336; Nortershauser, Wilfried/0000-0001-7432-3687 NR 32 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0584-8547 J9 SPECTROCHIM ACTA B JI Spectroc. Acta Pt. B-Atom. Spectr. PD JUN 30 PY 2003 VL 58 IS 6 BP 1083 EP 1095 DI 10.1016/S0584-8547(03)00066-1 PG 13 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA 703VB UT WOS:000184301200010 ER PT J AU Kousba, AA Poet, TS Timchalk, C AF Kousba, AA Poet, TS Timchalk, C TI Characterization of the in vitro kinetic interaction of chlorpyrifos-oxon with rat salivary cholinesterase: A potential biomonitoring matrix SO TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE saliva; cholinesterase; organophosphate insecticide; chlorpyrifos; chloropyrifos-oxon; biomonitoring ID PHARMACODYNAMIC PBPK/PD MODEL; PHOSPHOROTHIONATE INSECTICIDES; PSEUDOCHOLINESTERASE ACTIVITY; ORGANOPHOSPHORUS PESTICIDES; BRAIN ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE; INHIBITION; PARATHION; PARAOXON; LIVER; BUTYRYLCHOLINESTERASE AB The primary mechanism of action for organophosphorus (OP) insecticides such as chlorpyrifos (CPF) involves the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) by their active oxon metabolites resulting in a wide range of neurotoxic effects. These oxons also inhibit other cholinesterases (ChE) such as butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE), which represents a detoxification mechanism and a potential biomarker for OP insecticide exposure/response. Salivary biomonitoring has recently been explored as a practical method for examination of chemical exposure, however, there are few studies exploring the use of saliva for OP insecticides. To evaluate the use of salivary ChE as a biological monitor for OP insecticide exposure, a modified Ellman assay-in conjunction with a pharmacodynamic model was used to characterize salivary ChE in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats. Comparison of rat saliva, brain, and plasma ChE activity in the presence of selective inhibitors of AChE and BuChE (BW284C51 and iso-OMPA, respectively) with different ChE substrates indicated that rat salivary ChE activity is primarily associated with BuChE ( > 95%). Further characterization of rat salivary BuChE kinetics yielded an average total BuChE active site concentration of 1.20+/-0.13 fmol ml(-1) saliva, an average reactivation rate constant (Kr) of 0.070+/-0.008 h(-1), and an inhibitory rate constant (Ki) of similar to9 nM(-1) h(-1). The pharmacodynamic model successfully described the in vitro BuChE activity profile as well as the kinetic parameters. These results support the potential utility of saliva as a biomonitoring matrix for evaluating occupational and environmental exposure to CPF and other OP insecticides. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Battelle Pacific NW Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Timchalk, C (reprint author), Battelle Pacific NW Div, 902 Battelle Blvd,POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 63 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0300-483X J9 TOXICOLOGY JI Toxicology PD JUN 30 PY 2003 VL 188 IS 2-3 BP 219 EP 232 DI 10.1016/S0300-483X(03)00090-8 PG 14 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 686YC UT WOS:000183347700010 PM 12767693 ER PT J AU Frome, EL Newman, LS Cragle, DL Colyer, SP Wambach, PF AF Frome, EL Newman, LS Cragle, DL Colyer, SP Wambach, PF TI Identification of an abnormal beryllium lymphocyte proliferation test (vol 183, pg 39, 2003) SO TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Correction C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. Natl Jewish Med & Res Ctr, Denver, CO USA. Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Ctr Epidemiol Res, Oak Ridge, TN USA. US DOE, Germantown, MD USA. RP Frome, EL (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0300-483X J9 TOXICOLOGY JI Toxicology PD JUN 30 PY 2003 VL 188 IS 2-3 BP 335 EP 336 DI 10.1016/S0300-483X(03)00094-5 PG 2 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 686YC UT WOS:000183347700019 ER PT J AU Zelicoff, AP AF Zelicoff, AP TI Screening for cancer with computed tomography - History repeats itself in another manifestation of "executive physical examinations" SO BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Letter C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Natl Secur & Arms Control, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Zelicoff, AP (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Natl Secur & Arms Control, Mail Stop 1363,POB 589, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BRITISH MED JOURNAL PUBL GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0959-535X J9 BRIT MED J JI Br. Med. J. PD JUN 28 PY 2003 VL 326 IS 7404 BP 1458 EP 1458 DI 10.1136/bmj.326.7404.1458 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 697FP UT WOS:000183931800032 PM 12829573 ER PT J AU Chow, E Manteuffel, TA Tong, C Wallin, BK AF Chow, E Manteuffel, TA Tong, C Wallin, BK TI Algebraic elimination of slide surface constraints in implicit structural analysis SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE constraint equations; direct elimination; schur complement; sparsity; iterative methods; graph theory ID APPROXIMATE INVERSE PRECONDITIONERS; AUGMENTED LAGRANGIAN TREATMENT; INDEFINITE LINEAR-SYSTEMS; PRIORI SPARSITY PATTERNS; FINITE-ELEMENT ANALYSIS; SADDLE-POINT PROBLEMS; CONTACT; FORMULATION; ALGORITHM AB Slide surface and contact boundary conditions can be implemented via Lagrange multipliers in the algebraic equations in implicit structural analysis. This indefinite set of equations is difficult to solve by iterative methods and is often too large to be solved by direct methods. When there are m constraints and there exists a set of in variables where each variable is only involved in a single constraint, we advocate a direct elimination technique which leaves a sparse, positive definite system to solve by iterative methods. We prove that the amount of 'fill-in' created by this process is independent of the size of the slide surfaces. In addition, the eigenvalues of the reduced matrix do not differ significantly from the eigenvalues of the unconstrained matrix. This method can be extended to the case where constrained surfaces intersect and leads to a graph theoretic approach for determining which variables can be eliminated efficiently for constraints with more general structure. Published in 2003 by John Wiley Sons, Ltd. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Appl Sci Comp, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Colorado, Dept Math Appl, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div B, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Chow, E (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Appl Sci Comp, L-560,Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 24 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0029-5981 J9 INT J NUMER METH ENG JI Int. J. Numer. Methods Eng. PD JUN 28 PY 2003 VL 57 IS 8 BP 1129 EP 1144 DI 10.1002/nme.720 PG 16 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Engineering; Mathematics GA 696PR UT WOS:000183895700005 ER PT J AU Byun, TS AF Byun, TS TI On the stress dependence of partial dislocation separation and deformation microstructure in austenitic stainless steels SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE austenitic steels; dislocations; faults; twinning; dislocation channels ID SINGLE-CRYSTALS; MARTENSITE; ORIGIN; METALS; TWINS; MECHANISMS; NUCLEATION; BEHAVIOR; ALLOYS AB In the austenitic stainless steels the separation of Shockley partial dislocations is known to play an important role in the plastic deformation and produces a variety of deformation microstructures depending on test and material conditions. Theoretical calculations have been carried out in an attempt to explain the origin of the deformation microstructures which include large stacking faults and twins. Force balance equations for the leading and trailing partials are established by considering the Peach-Koehler force from an applied stress field, repulsive force between leading and trailing partial dislocations, attractive force due to the stacking fault energy, and resistance (or damping) force to the glide of the partial dislocations. For a simple dislocation and stress arrangement, an expression for separation distance was derived from the force balance equations. The results indicate that the separation distance varies with the directional relationship between the applied stress and the Burgers vectors of glide dislocations. Also, the separation distance increases with the applied stress and can diverge when the applied stress exceeds a critical stress. The critical stress is readily achievable in the uniform strain range by strengthening measures like irradiation, lowering test temperature, and increasing strain or strain rate. Further, using a stress-based analysis, some predictions were attempted for the influence of radiation-induced defects on deformation microstructure in austenitic stainless steels. (C) 2003 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Byun, TS (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, POB 2008,MS-6151, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 52 TC 174 Z9 178 U1 4 U2 51 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD JUN 27 PY 2003 VL 51 IS 11 BP 3063 EP 3071 DI 10.1016/S1359-6454(03)00117-4 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 692KW UT WOS:000183661100003 ER PT J AU Saiz, E Hwang, CW Suganuma, K Tomsia, AP AF Saiz, E Hwang, CW Suganuma, K Tomsia, AP TI Spreading of Sn-Ag solders on FeNi alloys SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE soldering; iron alloys; lead-free solders; interfaces; spreading ID SURFACE-TENSION; WETTING KINETICS; LIQUID-TIN; DYNAMICS; REACTIVITY; ADSORPTION; SYSTEMS; METALS AB The spreading of Sn-3Ag-xBi solders on Fe-42Ni has been studied using a drop transfer setup. Initial spreading velocities as fast as similar to0.5 m/s have been recorded. The results are consistent with a liquid front moving on a metastable, flat, unreacted substrate and can be described by using a modified molecular-kinetic model for which the rate controlling step is the movement of one atom from the liquid to the surface of the solid substrate. Although the phase diagram predicts the formation of two Fe-Sn intermetallics at the solder/substrate interface in samples heated at temperatures lower than 513 degreesC, after spreading at 250 degreesC only a thin FeSn(2), reaction layer could be observed. Two interfacial layers (FeSn and FeSn(2)) were found after spreading at 450 degreesC. (C) 2003 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Osaka Univ, Inst Sci & Ind Res, Osaka, Japan. RP Saiz, E (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM esaiz@lbl.gov NR 42 TC 51 Z9 54 U1 4 U2 24 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD JUN 27 PY 2003 VL 51 IS 11 BP 3185 EP 3197 DI 10.1016/S1359-6454(03)00140-X PG 13 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 692KW UT WOS:000183661100013 ER PT J AU Detwiler, RL Glass, RJ Bourcier, WL AF Detwiler, RL Glass, RJ Bourcier, WL TI Experimental observations of fracture dissolution: The role of Peclet number on evolving aperture variability SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SINGLE FRACTURE; FLOW; KINETICS; GROWTH; ERRORS; FIELDS AB Dissolution of the surfaces of rock fractures can cause significant alteration of the fracture void space (aperture) and fracture permeability (k). Both surface reaction rates and transport of reactants within the fracture can limit local dissolution. We investigated the role of Peclet number (Pe), a measure of the relative importance of advective and diffusive transport of reactants, on fracture dissolution in two identical transparent analog fractures with different initial values of Pe (Pe(o)). High-resolution light-transmission techniques provided direct measurements of the evolving aperture field during each experiment. For Pe(o) = 54 distinct dissolution channels formed, while for Pe(o) = 216 we measured minimal channeling and a reduction in short wavelength aperture variability. The nature of the dissolution patterns strongly influenced the relative increase in k. A 110% increase in the mean aperture due to dissolution resulted in estimated permeability increases of 440% and 640% for the Pe(o) = 54 and Pe(o) = 216 experiments, respectively. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Flow Visualizat & Proc Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Detwiler, RL (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RI Detwiler, Russell/C-3228-2008 OI Detwiler, Russell/0000-0002-7693-9271 NR 10 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JUN 27 PY 2003 VL 30 IS 12 AR 1648 DI 10.1029/2003GL017396 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 708PR UT WOS:000184577600005 ER PT J AU Hendriks, BS Opresko, LK Wiley, HS Lauffenburger, D AF Hendriks, BS Opresko, LK Wiley, HS Lauffenburger, D TI Quantitative analysis of HER2-mediated effects on HER2 and epidermal growth factor receptor endocytosis - Distribution of homo- and heterodimers depends on relative HER2 levels SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID MAMMARY EPITHELIAL-CELLS; ERBB SIGNALING NETWORK; HUMAN-BREAST-CANCER; TYROSINE KINASES; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; DOWN-REGULATION; EGF RECEPTORS; INTERNALIZATION; DIMERIZATION; NEU AB Endocytic trafficking plays an important role in the regulation of the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR) family. Many cell types express multiple EGFR family members (including EGFR, HER2, HER3, and/or HER4) that interact to form an array of homo- and heterodimers. Differential trafficking of these receptors should strongly affect signaling through this system by changing substrate access and heterodimerization efficiency. Because of the complexity of these dynamic processes, we used a quantitative and computational model to understand their integrated operation. Parameters characterizing EGFR and HER2 interactions were determined using experimental data obtained from mammary epithelial cells constructed to express different levels of HER2, enabling us to estimate receptor-specific internalization rate constants and dimer uncoupling rate constants. Significant novel results obtained from this work are as follows: first, that EGFR homodimerization and EGFR/HER2 heterodimerization occur with comparable affinities; second, that EGFR/HER2 heterodimers traffic as single entities. Furthermore, model predictions of the relationship of HER2 expression levels to consequent distribution of EGFR homodimers and EGFR/HER2 heterodimers suggest that the levels of HER2 found on normal cells are barely at the threshold necessary to drive efficient heterodimerization. Thus, altering HER2 concentrations, either overall or local, could provide an effective mechanism for regulating EGFR/HER2 heterodimerization and may explain why HER2 overexpression found in some cancers has such a profound effect on cell physiology. C1 MIT, Dept Chem Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. MIT, Dept Biol, Biol Engn Div, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. MIT, Ctr Canc Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Lauffenburger, D (reprint author), MIT, Dept Chem Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. OI Wiley, Steven/0000-0003-0232-6867 NR 52 TC 101 Z9 104 U1 1 U2 17 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD JUN 27 PY 2003 VL 278 IS 26 BP 23343 EP 23351 DI 10.1074/jbc.M300477200 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 692AR UT WOS:000183638600018 PM 12686539 ER PT J AU Barrette-Ng, IH Ng, KKS Cherney, MM Pearce, G Ryan, CA James, MNG AF Barrette-Ng, IH Ng, KKS Cherney, MM Pearce, G Ryan, CA James, MNG TI Structural basis of inhibition revealed by a 1 : 2 complex of the two-headed tomato inhibitor-II and subtilisin Carlsberg SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SERINE PROTEINASE-INHIBITOR; TRANSGENIC TOBACCO PLANTS; 2.3 ANGSTROM RESOLUTION; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; NICOTIANA-ALATA; TRYPSIN-INHIBITOR; PROTEASE INHIBITORS; PRECURSOR PROTEIN; TERNARY COMPLEX; MESSENGER-RNAS AB Multidomain proteinase inhibitors play critical roles in the defense of plants against predation by a wide range of pests. Despite a wealth of structural information on proteinase-single domain inhibitor interactions, the structural basis of inhibition by multidomain proteinase inhibitors remains poorly understood. Here we report the 2.5-Angstrom resolution crystal structure of the two-headed tomato inhibitor-II (TI-II) in complex with two molecules of subtilisin Carlsberg; it reveals how a multidomain inhibitor from the Potato II family of proteinase inhibitors can bind to and simultaneously inhibit two enzyme molecules within a single ternary complex. The N terminus of TI-II initiates the folding of Domain I (Lys-1 to Cys-15 and Pro-84 to Met-123) and then completes Domain II (Ile-26 to Pro-74) before coming back to complete the rest of Domain I (Pro-84 to Met-123). The two domains of TI-II adopt a similar fold and are arranged in an extended configuration that presents two reactive site loops at the opposite ends of the inhibitor molecule. Each subtilisin molecule interacts with a reactive site loop of TI-II through the standard, canonical binding mode. Remarkably, a significant distortion of the active site of subtilisin is induced by the presence of phenylalanine in the P1 position of reactive site loop II of TI-II. The structure of the TI-II.(subtilisin) 2 complex provides a molecular framework for understanding how multiple inhibitory domains in a single Potato II type proteinase inhibitor molecule from the Potato II family act to inhibit proteolytic enzymes. C1 Univ Alberta, Dept Biochem, Canadian Inst Hlth Res Grp Prot Struct & Funct, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada. Univ Calgary, Dept Biol Sci, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada. Washington State Univ, Inst Biol Chem, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Natl User Facil, Stanford, CA USA. RP James, MNG (reprint author), Univ Alberta, Dept Biochem, Canadian Inst Hlth Res Grp Prot Struct & Funct, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada. OI Ng, Kenneth/0000-0001-7280-8445 NR 66 TC 31 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD JUN 27 PY 2003 VL 278 IS 26 BP 24062 EP 24071 DI 10.1074/jbc.M302020200 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 692AR UT WOS:000183638600109 PM 12684499 ER PT J AU Gritti, F Guiochon, G AF Gritti, F Guiochon, G TI Repeatability and reproducibility of high concentration data in reversed-phase liquid chromatography I. Overloaded band profiles on Kromasil-C-18 SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article DE adsorption isotherms; band profiles; frontal analysis; mathematical modeling; aniline; caffeine; phenol; propranolol; theophylline; ethylbenzene ID RETENTION DATA; C-18 COLUMNS; EXPECTATION-MAXIMIZATION; ADSORPTION; PROPAGATION; SIMULATION; ISOTHERM AB Single-component adsorption-isotherm data were acquired by frontal analysis (FA) for six low-molecular-mass compounds (phenol. aniline, caffeine, theophylline, ethylbenzene and propranolol) on one Kromasil-C-18 column, using water-methanol solutions (between 70:30 and 20:80, v/v) as the mobile phase. Propranolol data were also acquired using an acetate buffer (0.2 M) instead of water. The data were modeled for best agreement between calculated and experimental overloaded band profiles. The adsorption energy distribution was also derived and used for the selection of the best isotherm model. Widely different isotherm models were found to model best the data obtained for these compounds, convex upward (i.e. Langmuirian), convex downward (i.e. anti-Langmuirian), and S-shaped isotherms. Using the same sample size for all columns (loading factor, Lfsimilar or equal to10%), overloaded band profiles were recorded on four different columns packed with the same batch of Kromasil-C-18 and five other columns packed with different batches of Kromasil-C-18. These experimental band profiles were compared to the profile calculated from the isotherm measured by FA on the first column. The repeatability as well as the column-to-column and the batch-to-batch reproducibilities of the band profiles are better than 4%. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Guiochon, G (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, 552 Buehler Hall, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. NR 37 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD JUN 27 PY 2003 VL 1003 IS 1-2 BP 43 EP 72 DI 10.1016/S0021-9673(03)00685-X PG 30 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 700FV UT WOS:000184102700005 PM 12899296 ER PT J AU Piatkowski, W Antos, D Gritti, F Guiochon, G AF Piatkowski, W Antos, D Gritti, F Guiochon, G TI Study of the competitive isotherm model and the mass transfer kinetics for a BET binary system SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article DE adsorption isotherms; frontal analysis; perturbation chromatography; mass transfer ID LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; ADSORPTION EQUILIBRIUM; MONOLITHIC COLUMNS; NONLINEAR-WAVES; BAND PROFILES; MULTICOMPONENT; THERMODYNAMICS; COEFFICIENTS; PARAMETERS; DIFFUSION AB The competitive adsorption behavior of the binary mixture of phenetole (ethoxy-benzene) and propyl benzoate in a reversed-phase system was investigated. The adsorption equilibrium data of the single-component systems were acquired by frontal analysis. The same data for binary mixtures were acquired by the perturbation method. For both compounds, the single-component isotherm data fit best to the multilayer BET model. The experimental overloaded band profiles are in excellent agreement with the profiles calculated with either the general rate model or the modified transport-dispersive models. The competitive adsorption data were modeled using the ideal adsorbed solution (IAS) theory. The numerical values of the coefficients were derived by fitting the retention times of the perturbation pulses to those calculated using the IAS theory compiled with the coherence conditions. Finally, the elution profiles of binary mixtures were recorded. They compared very well with those calculated. As a characteristic feature of this case, an unusual retainment effect of the chromatographic band of the more retained component by the less retained one was observed. The combination of the General Rate Model and the adsorption isotherm model allowed an accurate prediction of the band profiles. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Rzeszow Univ Technol, Fac Chem, PL-35959 Rzeszow, Poland. RP Guiochon, G (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, 414 Buhler Hall, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. NR 40 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD JUN 27 PY 2003 VL 1003 IS 1-2 BP 73 EP 89 DI 10.1016/S0021-9673(03)00726-X PG 17 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 700FV UT WOS:000184102700006 PM 12899297 ER PT J AU Lin, BC Song, F Guiochon, G AF Lin, BC Song, F Guiochon, G TI Analytical solution of the ideal, nonlinear model of reaction chromatography for a reaction A -> B and a parabolic isotherm SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article DE parabolic isotherm; reaction chromatography; non-linear; axial dispersion; adsorption isotherms; band profiles ID REACTION GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; ENANTIOMERIZATION BARRIERS; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; DYNAMIC HPLC; PARAMETERS; KINETICS AB The analytical solution of the ideal, nonlinear model of reaction chromatography for the simplest possible chemical reaction. A-->B and with a parabolic isotherm for the reagent, is derived for two types of boundary conditions, the injection of a rectangular concentration pulse of finite width (elution) and that of an instantaneous concentration jump (Riemann problem or breakthrough curve). The areas of the profiles of the reagent and of the product of the reaction are calculated in both the ideal and the nonideal cases. The effects of the nonlinear behavior of the equilibrium isotherm and of axial dispersion on the reagent profile are discussed using analytical and numerical methods. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Anshan Univ Sci & Technol, Ctr Separat Technol, Liaoning 114044, Peoples R China. RP Guiochon, G (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. NR 29 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD JUN 27 PY 2003 VL 1003 IS 1-2 BP 91 EP 100 DI 10.1016/S0021-9673(03)00656-3 PG 10 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 700FV UT WOS:000184102700007 PM 12899298 ER PT J AU D'Helon, C Protopopescu, V Perez, R AF D'Helon, C Protopopescu, V Perez, R TI Targeting qubit states using open-loop control SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A-MATHEMATICAL AND GENERAL LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM-SYSTEMS; MACROSCOPIC COHERENCE; OPTICAL FEEDBACK; DECOHERENCE; COMPUTERS; CAVITIES AB We present an open-loop (bang-bang) scheme which drives an open two-level quantum system to any target state, while maintaining quantum coherence throughout the process. The control is illustrated by a realistic simulation for both adiabatic and thermal decoherence. In the thermal decoherence regime, the control achieved by the proposed scheme is qualitatively similar, at the ensemble level, to the control realized by the quantum feedback scheme of Wang, Wiseman and Milburn (2001 Phys. Rev. A 64 063810) for the spontaneous emission of a two-level atom. The performance of the open-loop scheme compares favourably against the quantum feedback scheme with respect to robustness, target fidelity and transition times. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Ctr Engn Sci Adv Res, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP D'Helon, C (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Ctr Engn Sci Adv Res, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM protopopesva@ornl.gov NR 35 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0305-4470 J9 J PHYS A-MATH GEN JI J. Phys. A-Math. Gen. PD JUN 27 PY 2003 VL 36 IS 25 BP 7129 EP 7148 AR PII S0305-4470(03)58898-9 DI 10.1088/0305-4470/36/25/315 PG 20 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 706CX UT WOS:000184435400017 ER PT J AU Alam, TM Friedmann, TA Schultz, PA Sebastiani, D AF Alam, TM Friedmann, TA Schultz, PA Sebastiani, D TI Low temperature annealing in tetrahedral amorphous carbon thin films observed by C-13 NMR spectroscopy SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID DIAMOND-LIKE CARBON; NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; SPIN-LATTICE-RELAXATION; ENERGY-LOSS SPECTROSCOPY; HYDROGENATED CARBON; STRUCTURAL-PROPERTIES; INTRINSIC STRESS; PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; COORDINATION; DEPOSITION AB For the first time to our knowledge, the C-13 solid-state magic angle spinning (MAS) NMR spectrum of a 99% C-13 enriched tetrahedral amorphous-carbon (ta-C) thin film containing a high concentration of fourfold coordinated carbon species (82%) is reported along with measured NMR spectra for the ta-C film after low temperature annealing (650 degreesC). Differential changes are observed for the C-13 MAS NMR chemical shifts and linewidths of both the fourfold (diamondlike) and threefold (graphitelike) coordinated carbon species within the thin films with increasing annealing time; however, there was no change (+/-2%) in the relative fourfold content. These spectral changes are associated with the large compressive stress reduction (6-8 GPa) in the carbon film. Ab initio calculations of the C-13 NMR chemical shift, along with shift variations as a function of atomic volume are reported for amorphous carbon and crystalline diamond. Using the observed spectral variations in the solid-state C-13 MAS NMR, along with the ab initio chemical shift calculations, the effect of annealing on the ta-C films is discussed and related to current models of thermal stress relaxation in ta-C thin films. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Organ Mat, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Nanostruct & Semicond Phys, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Computat Mat & Mol Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Max Planck Inst Polymer Res, D-55128 Mainz, Germany. RP Alam, TM (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Organ Mat, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RI Sebastiani, Daniel/B-4670-2008 OI Sebastiani, Daniel/0000-0003-2240-3938 NR 55 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 19 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN 27 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 24 AR 245309 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.245309 PG 11 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 701UD UT WOS:000184186600037 ER PT J AU Barisic, N Forro, L Mandrus, D Jin, R He, J Fazekas, P AF Barisic, N Forro, L Mandrus, D Jin, R He, J Fazekas, P TI Electrical properties of Cd2Re2O7 under pressure SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID PYROCHLORE OXIDE CD2RE2O7; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; TRANSITION; LATTICE; MODEL AB We examine the resistivity and thermopower of single crystal specimens of the pyrochlore oxide Cd2Re2O7 at pressures up to 2 GPa. Thermopower proves to be a sensitive tool in the study of the phase diagram of Cd2Re2O7. The 200 K metal-to-metal phase transition is accompanied by a strong increase of the absolute value of the thermopower. A weaker anomaly allows us to identify a second phase transition at 125 K. Following the temperature dependence of this anomaly, we obtain the corresponding phase boundary up to 1.2 GPa, and argue that it must drop to T=0 before p reaches 1.8 GPa. There is a wide temperature range where the electrical properties are fairly sensitive to pressure, indicating the strong coupling of the electronic degrees of freedom to the lattice. C1 Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Fac Sci Base, IPMC, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Res Inst solid State Phys & Opt, H-1525 Budapest 114, Hungary. RP Barisic, N (reprint author), Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Fac Sci Base, IPMC, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. RI Mandrus, David/H-3090-2014; Barisic, Neven/E-4246-2015 NR 33 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN 27 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 24 AR 245112 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.245112 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 701UD UT WOS:000184186600025 ER PT J AU Nakagawa, T Okuyama, H Nishijima, M Aruga, T Yeom, HW Rotenberg, E Krenzer, B Kevan, SD AF Nakagawa, T Okuyama, H Nishijima, M Aruga, T Yeom, HW Rotenberg, E Krenzer, B Kevan, SD TI Dual nature of a charge-density-wave transition on In/Cu(001) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID FERMI-SURFACE; 2H-TASE2; RECONSTRUCTION; SN/GE(111); MECHANISM; CHAINS; PHASE AB A surface phase transition on In/Cu(001) with In coverage of 0.63 was studied. The structural analysis shows that the reversible phase transition at 405 K between the high-temperature (2x2) and the low-temperature (2root2x2root2)R45degrees phases belongs to an order-disorder type. The angle-resolved photoemission experiment shows that the low-temperature phase is stabilized by the partial gap formation at the Fermi surface, indicating that the transition is due to the Peierls-type Fermi-surface nesting. While the above observations point to a strong-coupling charge-density-wave (SCDW) scenario, the temperature-dependent behavior of the gap is in better agreement with the weak-coupling CDW theory. Thus, the results serve the first experimental characterization of the CDW transition driven cooperatively by electronic and lattice entropies. C1 Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Chem, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. Inst Mol Sci, Okazaki, Aichi 4448585, Japan. Yonsei Univ, Dept Phys, Seoul 120749, South Korea. Yonsei Univ, Atom Scale Surface Sci Res Ctr, Seoul 120749, South Korea. Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Oregon, Dept Phys, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. RP Nakagawa, T (reprint author), Inst Mol Sci, Okazaki, Aichi 4448585, Japan. RI Rotenberg, Eli/B-3700-2009; Kevan, Stephen/F-6415-2010; Okuyama, Hiroshi/H-7570-2014; Aruga, Tetsuya/B-7782-2010 OI Rotenberg, Eli/0000-0002-3979-8844; Kevan, Stephen/0000-0002-4621-9142; Aruga, Tetsuya/0000-0002-4276-0679 NR 21 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN 27 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 24 AR 241401 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.241401 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 701UD UT WOS:000184186600011 ER PT J AU Abazov, VM Abbott, B Abdesselam, A Abolins, M Abramov, V Acharya, BS Adams, DL Adams, M Ahmed, SN Alexeev, GD Alton, A Alves, GA Anderson, EW Arnoud, Y Avila, C Babintsev, VV Babukhadia, L Bacon, TC Baden, A Baffioni, S Baldin, B Balm, PW Banerjee, S Barberis, E Baringer, P Barreto, J Bartlett, JF Bassler, U Bauer, D Bean, A Beaudette, F Begel, M Belyaev, A Beri, SB Bernardi, G Bertram, I Besson, A Beuselinck, R Bezzubov, VA Bhat, PC Bhatnagar, V Bhattacharjee, M Blazey, G Blekman, F Blessing, S Boehnlein, A Bojko, NI Bolton, TA Borcherding, F Bos, K Bose, T Brandt, A Breedon, R Briskin, G Brock, R Brooijmans, G Bross, A Buchholz, D Buehler, M Buescher, V Burtovoi, VS Butler, JM Canelli, F Carvalho, W Casey, D Casilum, Z Castilla-Valdez, H Chakraborty, D Chan, KM Chekulaev, SV Cho, DK Choi, S Chopra, S Christenson, JH Claes, D Clark, AR Coney, L Connolly, B Cooper, WE Coppage, D Crepe-Renaudin, S Cummings, MAC Cutts, D da Motta, H Davis, GA De, K de Jong, SJ Demarteau, M Demina, R Demine, P Denisov, D Denisov, SP Desai, S Diehl, HT Diesburg, M Doulas, S Dudko, LV Duensing, S Duflot, L Dugad, SR Duperrin, A Dyshkant, A Edmunds, D Ellison, J Eltzroth, JT Elvira, VD Engelmann, R Eno, S Eppley, G Ermolov, P Eroshin, OV Estrada, J Evans, H Evdokimov, VN Fein, D Ferbel, T Filthaut, F Fisk, HE Fisyak, Y Fleuret, F Fortner, M Fox, H Fu, S Fuess, S Gallas, E Galyaev, AN Gao, M Gavrilov, V Genik, RJ Genser, K Gerber, CE Gershtein, Y Ginther, G Gomez, B Goncharov, PI Gordon, H Goss, LT Gounder, K Goussiou, A Graf, N Grannis, PD Green, JA Greenlee, H Greenwood, ZD Grinstein, S Groer, L Grunendahl, S Gurzhiev, SN Gutierrez, G Gutierrez, P Hadley, NJ Haggerty, H Hagopian, S Hagopian, V Hall, RE Han, C Hansen, S Hauptman, JM Hebert, C Hedin, D Heinmiller, JM Heinson, AP Heintz, U Hildreth, MD Hirosky, R Hobbs, JD Hoeneisen, B Huang, J Huang, Y Iashvili, I Illingworth, R Ito, AS Jaffre, M Jain, S Jesik, R Johns, K Johnson, M Jonckheere, A Jostlein, H Juste, A Kahl, W Kahn, S Kajfasz, E Kalinin, AM Karmanov, D Karmgard, D Kehoe, R Khanov, A Kharchilava, A Klima, B Knuteson, B Ko, W Kohli, JM Kostritskiy, AV Kotcher, J Kothari, B Kozelov, AV Kozlovsky, EA Krane, J Krishnaswamy, MR Krivkova, P Krzywdzinski, S Kubantsev, M Kuleshov, S Kulik, Y Kunori, S Kupco, A Kuznetsov, VE Landsberg, G Lee, WM Leflat, A Leggett, C Lehner, F Leonidopoulos, C Li, J Li, QZ Lima, JGR Lincoln, D Linn, SL Linnemann, J Lipton, R Lucotte, A Lueking, L Lundstedt, C Luo, C Maciel, AKA Madaras, RJ Malyshev, VL Manankov, V Mao, HS Marshall, T Martin, MI Mayorov, AA McCarthy, R McMahon, T Melanson, HL Merkin, M Merritt, KW Miao, C Miettinen, H Mihalcea, D Mishra, CS Mokhov, N Mondal, NK Montgomery, HE Moore, RW Mutaf, YD Nagy, E Nang, F Narain, M Narasimham, VS Naumann, NA Neal, HA Negret, JP Nomerotski, A Nunnemann, T O'Neil, D Oguri, V Olivier, B Oshima, N Padley, P Papageorgiou, K Parashar, N Partridge, R Parua, N Patwa, A Peters, O Petroff, P Piegaia, R Pope, BG Popkov, E Prosper, HB Protopopescu, S Przybycien, MB Qian, J Raja, R Rajagopalan, S Rapidis, PA Reay, NW Reucroft, S Ridel, M Rijssenbeek, M Rizatdinova, F Rockwell, T Royon, C Rubinov, P Ruchti, R Rutherfoord, J Sabirov, BM Sajot, G Santoro, A Sawyer, L Schamberger, RD Schellman, H Schwartzman, A Shabalina, E Shivpuri, RK Shpakov, D Shupe, M Sidwell, RA Simak, V Sirotenko, V Slattery, P Smith, RP Snow, GR Snow, J Snyder, S Solomon, J Song, Y Sorin, V Sosebee, M Sotnikova, N Soustruznik, K Souza, M Stanton, NR Steinbruck, G Stoker, D Stolin, V Stone, A Stoyanova, DA Strang, MA Strauss, M Strovink, M Stutte, L Sznajder, A Talby, M Taylor, W Tentindo-Repond, S Tripathi, SM Trippe, TG Turcot, AS Tuts, PM Kooten, RV Vaniev, V Varelas, N Vertogradov, LS Villeneuve-Seguier, F Volkov, AA Vorobiev, AP Wahl, HD Wang, ZM Warchol, J Watts, G Wayne, 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Montgomery, HE Moore, RW Mutaf, YD Nagy, E Nang, F Narain, M Narasimham, VS Naumann, NA Neal, HA Negret, JP Nomerotski, A Nunnemann, T O'Neil, D Oguri, V Olivier, B Oshima, N Padley, P Papageorgiou, K Parashar, N Partridge, R Parua, N Patwa, A Peters, O Petroff, P Piegaia, R Pope, BG Popkov, E Prosper, HB Protopopescu, S Przybycien, MB Qian, J Raja, R Rajagopalan, S Rapidis, PA Reay, NW Reucroft, S Ridel, M Rijssenbeek, M Rizatdinova, F Rockwell, T Royon, C Rubinov, P Ruchti, R Rutherfoord, J Sabirov, BM Sajot, G Santoro, A Sawyer, L Schamberger, RD Schellman, H Schwartzman, A Shabalina, E Shivpuri, RK Shpakov, D Shupe, M Sidwell, RA Simak, V Sirotenko, V Slattery, P Smith, RP Snow, GR Snow, J Snyder, S Solomon, J Song, Y Sorin, V Sosebee, M Sotnikova, N Soustruznik, K Souza, M Stanton, NR Steinbruck, G Stoker, D Stolin, V Stone, A Stoyanova, DA Strang, MA Strauss, M Strovink, M Stutte, L Sznajder, A Talby, M Taylor, W Tentindo-Repond, S Tripathi, SM Trippe, TG Turcot, AS Tuts, PM Kooten, RV Vaniev, V Varelas, N Vertogradov, LS Villeneuve-Seguier, F Volkov, AA Vorobiev, AP Wahl, HD Wang, ZM Warchol, J Watts, G Wayne, M Weerts, H White, A White, JT Whiteson, D Wijngaarden, DA Willis, S Wimpenny, SJ Womersley, J Wood, DR Xu, Q Yamada, R Yamin, P Yasuda, T Yatsunenko, YA Yip, K Youssef, S Yu, J Zanabria, M Zhang, X Zheng, H Zhou, B Zhou, Z Zielinski, M Zieminska, D Zieminski, A Zutshi, V Zverev, EG Zylberstejn, A CA DO Collaboration TI Search for large extra dimensions in the Monojet+E-T channel with the DO detector SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PRODUCTION CROSS-SECTION; LARGE COMPACT DIMENSIONS; ROOT-S=1.8 TEV; P(P)OVER-BAR COLLISIONS; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM; CONSTRAINTS; MILLIMETER; SCATTERING AB We present a search for large extra dimensions (ED) in p (p) over bar collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 1.8 TeV using data collected by the DO detector at the Fermilab Tevatron in 1994-1996. Data corresponding to 78.8+/-3.9 pb(-1) are examined for events with large missing transverse energy, one high-p(T) jet, and no isolated muons. There is no excess observed beyond expectation from the standard model, and we place lower limits on the fundamental Planck scale of 1.0 and 0.6 TeV for 2 and 7 ED, respectively. C1 Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. Univ Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. Ctr Brasileiro Pesquisas Fis, LAFEX, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Univ Estado Rio de Janeiro, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing, Peoples R China. Univ Los Andes, Bogota, Colombia. Charles Univ Prague, Ctr Particle Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. Acad Sci Czech Republic, Ctr Particle Phys, Inst Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. Univ San Francisco Quito, Quito, Ecuador. Univ Grenoble 1, CNRS, IN2P3, Inst Sci Nucl, Grenoble, France. Univ Aix Marseille 2, CNRS, IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France. CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Accelerateur Lineaire, F-91405 Orsay, France. Univ Paris 06, LPNHE, Paris, France. Univ Paris 07, CNRS, IN2P3, Paris, France. CEA, Serv Phys Particules, DAPNIA, Saclay, France. Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Mainz, Germany. Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. India Delhi Univ, Delhi, India. Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Bombay 400005, Maharashtra, India. CINVESTAV, Mexico City 14000, DF, Mexico. NIKHEF H, FOM Inst, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Amsterdam, NIKHEF, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Nijmegen, NIKHEF, Nijmegen, Netherlands. Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow, Russia. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Moscow, Russia. Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. Univ Lancaster, Lancaster, England. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London, England. Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Calif State Univ Fresno, Fresno, CA 93740 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. No Illinois Univ, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. Louisiana Tech Univ, Ruston, LA 71272 USA. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019 USA. Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA. Univ Texas, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77005 USA. Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Abazov, VM (reprint author), Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. RI Nomerotski, Andrei/A-5169-2010; De, Kaushik/N-1953-2013; Oguri, Vitor/B-5403-2013; Shivpuri, R K/A-5848-2010; Alves, Gilvan/C-4007-2013; Belyaev, Alexander/F-6637-2015; Gutierrez, Phillip/C-1161-2011; Dudko, Lev/D-7127-2012; Leflat, Alexander/D-7284-2012; Merkin, Mikhail/D-6809-2012; Yip, Kin/D-6860-2013; Kuleshov, Sergey/D-9940-2013; Chekulaev, Sergey/O-1145-2015; Sznajder, Andre/L-1621-2016; Canelli, Florencia/O-9693-2016 OI De, Kaushik/0000-0002-5647-4489; Belyaev, Alexander/0000-0002-1733-4408; Dudko, Lev/0000-0002-4462-3192; Yip, Kin/0000-0002-8576-4311; Kuleshov, Sergey/0000-0002-3065-326X; Sznajder, Andre/0000-0001-6998-1108; Canelli, Florencia/0000-0001-6361-2117 NR 49 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. 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Chen, C Chen, YC Cheng, MT Chertok, M Chiarelli, G Chirikov-Zorin, I Chlachidze, G Chlebana, F Christofek, L Chu, ML Chung, JY Chung, WH Chung, YS Ciobanu, CI Clark, AG Coca, M Colijn, AP Connolly, A Convery, M Conway, J Cordelli, M Cranshaw, J Culbertson, R Dagenhart, D D'Auria, S De Cecco, S DeJongh, F Dell'Agnello, S Dell'Orso, M Demers, S Demortier, L Deninno, M De Pedis, D Derwent, PF Devlin, T Dionisi, C Dittmann, JR Dominguez, A Donati, S D'Onofrio, M Dorigo, T Eddy, N Einsweiler, K Engels, E Erbacher, R Errede, D Errede, S Eusebi, R Fan, Q Farrington, S Feild, RG Fernandez, JP Ferretti, C Field, RD Fiori, I Flaugher, B Flores-Castillo, LR Foster, GW Franklin, M Freeman, J Friedman, J Fukui, Y Furic, I Galeotti, S Gallas, A Gallinaro, M Gao, T Garcia-Sciveres, M Garfinkel, AF Gatti, P Gay, C Gerdes, DW Gerstein, E Giagu, S Giannetti, P Giolo, K Giordani, M Giromini, P Glagolev, V Glenzinski, D Gold, M Goldschmidt, N Goldstein, J Gomez, G Goncharov, M Gorelov, I Goshaw, AT Gotra, Y Goulianos, K Green, C Gresele, A Grim, G Grosso-Pilcher, C Guenther, M Guillian, G da Costa, JG Haas, RM Haber, C Hahn, SR Halkiadakis, E Hall, C Handa, T Handler, R Happacher, F Hara, K Hardman, AD Harris, RM Hartmann, F Hatakeyama, K Hauser, J Heinrich, J Heiss, A Hennecke, M Herndon, M Hill, C Hocker, A Hoffman, KD Hollebeek, R Holloway, L Hou, S Huffman, BT Hughes, R Huston, J Huth, J Ikeda, H Issever, C Incandela, J Introzzi, G Iori, M Ivanov, A Iwai, J Iwata, Y Iyutin, B James, E Jones, M Joshi, U Kambara, H Kamon, T Kaneko, T Kang, J Unel, MK Karr, K Kartal, S Kasha, H Kato, Y Keaffaber, TA Kelley, K Kelly, M Kennedy, RD Kephart, R Khazins, D Kikuchi, T Kilminster, B Kim, BJ Kim, DH Kim, HS Kim, MJ Kim, SB Kim, SH Kim, TH Kim, YK Kirby, M Kirk, M Kirsch, L Klimenko, S Koehn, P Kondo, K Konigsberg, J Korn, A Korytov, A Kotelnikov, K Kovacs, E Kroll, J Kruse, M Krutelyov, V Kuhlmann, SE Kurino, K Kuwabara, T Kuznetsova, N Laasanen, AT Lai, N Lami, S Lammel, S Lancaster, J Lannon, K Lancaster, M Lander, R Lath, A Latino, G LeCompte, T Le, Y Lee, J Lee, SW Leonardo, N Leone, S Lewis, JD Li, K Lin, CS Lindgren, M Liss, TM Liu, JB Liu, T Liu, YC Litvintsev, DO Lobban, O Lockyer, NS Loginov, A Loken, J Loreti, M Lucchesi, D Lukens, P Lusin, S Lyons, L Lys, J Madrak, R Maeshima, K Maksimovic, P Malferrari, L Mangano, M Manca, G Mariotti, M Martignon, G Martin, M Martin, A Martin, V Martinez, M Matthews, JAJ Mazzanti, P McFarland, KS McIntyre, P Menguzzato, M Menzione, A Merkel, P Mesropian, C Meyer, A Miao, T Miller, R Miller, JS Minato, H Miscetti, S Mishina, M Mitselmakher, G Miyazaki, Y Moggi, N Moore, E Moore, R Morita, Y Moulik, T Mulhearn, M Mukherjee, A Muller, T Munar, A Murat, P Murgia, S Nachtman, J Nagaslaev, V Nahn, S Nakada, H Nakano, I Napora, R Niell, F Nelson, C Nelson, T Neu, C Neubauer, MS Neuberger, D Newman-Holmes, C Ngan, CYP Nigmanov, T Niu, H Nodulman, L Nomerotski, A Oh, SH Oh, YD Ohmoto, T Ohsugi, T Oishi, R Okusawa, T Olsen, J Orejudos, W Pagliarone, C Palmonari, F Paoletti, R Papadimitriou, V Partos, D Patrick, J Pauletta, G Paulini, M Pauly, T Paus, C Pellett, D Penzo, A Pescara, L Phillips, TJ Piacentino, G Piedra, J Pitts, KT Pompos, A Pondrom, L Pope, G Pratt, T Prokoshin, F Proudfoot, J Ptohos, F Pukhov, O Punzi, G Rademacker, J Rakitine, A Ratnikov, F Ray, H Reher, D Reichold, A Renton, P Rescigno, M Ribon, A Riegler, W Rimondi, F Ristori, L Riveline, M Robertson, WJ Rodrigo, T Rolli, S Rosenson, L Roser, R Rossin, R Rott, C Roy, A Ruiz, A Ryan, D Safonov, A St Denis, R Sakumoto, WK Saltzberg, D Sanchez, C Sansoni, A Santi, L Sarkar, S Sato, H Savard, P Savoy-Navarro, A Schlabach, P Schmidt, EE Schmidt, MP Schmitt, M Scodellaro, L Scott, A Scribano, A Sedov, A Seidel, S Seiya, Y Semenov, A Semeria, F Shah, T Shapiro, MD Shepard, PF Shibayama, T Shimojima, M Shochet, M Sidoti, A Siegrist, J Sill, A Sinervo, P Singh, P Slaughter, AJ Sliwa, K Snider, FD Snihur, R Solodsky, A Spalding, J Speer, T Spezziga, M Sphicas, P Spinella, F Spiropulu, M Spiegel, L Steele, J Stefanini, A Strologas, J Strumia, F Stuart, D Sukhanov, A Sumorok, K Suzuki, T Takano, T Takashima, R Takikawa, K Tamburello, P Tanaka, M Tannenbaum, B Tecchio, M Tesarek, RJ Teng, PK Terashi, K Tether, S Thom, J Thompson, AS Thomson, E Thurman-Keup, R Tipton, P Tkaczyk, S Toback, D Tollefson, K Tonelli, D Tonnesmann, M Toyoda, H Trischuk, W de Troconiz, JF Tseng, J Tsybychev, D Turini, N Ukegawa, F Unverhau, T Vaiciulis, T Valls, J Varganov, A Vataga, E Vejcik, S Velev, G Veramendi, G Vidal, R Vila, I Vilar, R Volobouev, I von der Mey, M Vucinic, D Wagner, RG Wagner, RL Wagner, W Wallace, NB Wan, Z Wang, C Wang, MJ Wang, SM Ward, B Waschke, S Watanabe, T Waters, D Watts, T Weber, M Wenzel, H Wester, WC Whitehouse, B Wicklund, AB Wicklund, E Wilkes, T Williams, HH Wilson, P Winer, BL Winn, D Wolbers, S Wolinski, D Wolinski, J Wolinski, S Wolter, M Worm, S Wu, X Wurthwein, F Wyss, J Yang, UK Yao, W Yeh, GP Yeh, P Yi, K Yoh, J Yosef, C Yoshida, T Yu, I Yu, S Yu, Z Yun, JC Zanello, L Zanetti, A Zetti, F Zucchelli, S CA CDF Collaboration TI Search for the supersymmetric partner of the top quark in dilepton events from p(p)over-bar collisions at root s=1.8 TeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ALPHA-S CALCULATION; ROOT S=1.8 TEV; HADRON COLLIDERS; SCALAR TOP; PHYSICS AB We have searched for pair production of the supersymmetric partner of the top quark (stop) in 107 pb(-1) of p (p) over bar collisions at roots=1.8 TeV collected by the Collider Detector at Fermilab (CDF). Each stop is assumed to decay into a lepton, bottom quark, and supersymmetric neutrino. Such a scenario would give rise to events with two leptons, two hadronic jets, and a substantial imbalance of transverse energy. No evidence of such a stop signal has been found. We exclude stop masses in the region (80less than or equal tom((t) over bar)less than or equal to135 GeV/c(2)) in the mass plane of stop versus sneutrino. C1 Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Bologna, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. Brandeis Univ, Waltham, MA 02254 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Cantabria, CSIC, Inst Fis Cantabria, E-39005 Santander, Spain. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Joint Nucl Res Inst, RU-141980 Dubna, Russia. Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. Univ Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Hiroshima Univ, Higashihiroshima 724, Japan. Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Univ Karlsruhe, Inst Expt Kernphys, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany. High Energy Accelerator Res Org KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Seoul Natl Univ, Seoul 151742, South Korea. Kyungpook Natl Univ, Ctr High Energy Phys, Taegu 702701, South Korea. Sungkyunkwan Univ, Suwon 440746, South Korea. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. UCL, London WC1E 6BT, England. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Osaka City Univ, Asaka 588, Japan. Univ Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. Univ Padua, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Pisa, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56100 Pisa, Italy. Scuola Normale Super Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy. Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. Rockefeller Univ, New York, NY 10021 USA. Univ Rome 1, Sez Roma, Inst Nazl Fis Nucl, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. Univ Toronto, Inst Particle Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. Univ Trieste Udine, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Udine, Italy. Univ Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Tufts Univ, Medford, MA 02155 USA. Waseda Univ, Tokyo 169, Japan. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Acosta, D (reprint author), Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RI Gallas Torreira, Abraham Antonio/K-6508-2014; Scodellaro, Luca/K-9091-2014; Paulini, Manfred/N-7794-2014; vilar, rocio/P-8480-2014; Cabrera Urban, Susana/H-1376-2015; Prokoshin, Fedor/E-2795-2012; Introzzi, Gianluca/K-2497-2015; Gorelov, Igor/J-9010-2015; Leonardo, Nuno/M-6940-2016; Lancaster, Mark/C-1693-2008; Vucinic, Dejan/C-2406-2008; Kim, Soo-Bong/B-7061-2014; Nomerotski, Andrei/A-5169-2010; Ruiz, Alberto/E-4473-2011; De Cecco, Sandro/B-1016-2012; Wolter, Marcin/A-7412-2012; St.Denis, Richard/C-8997-2012; Azzi, Patrizia/H-5404-2012; manca, giulia/I-9264-2012; Punzi, Giovanni/J-4947-2012; Chiarelli, Giorgio/E-8953-2012; Ivanov, Andrew/A-7982-2013 OI Gallas Torreira, Abraham Antonio/0000-0002-2745-7954; Scodellaro, Luca/0000-0002-4974-8330; Paulini, Manfred/0000-0002-6714-5787; Prokoshin, Fedor/0000-0001-6389-5399; Introzzi, Gianluca/0000-0002-1314-2580; Gorelov, Igor/0000-0001-5570-0133; Leonardo, Nuno/0000-0002-9746-4594; Ruiz, Alberto/0000-0002-3639-0368; Azzi, Patrizia/0000-0002-3129-828X; Punzi, Giovanni/0000-0002-8346-9052; Chiarelli, Giorgio/0000-0001-9851-4816; Ivanov, Andrew/0000-0002-9270-5643 NR 30 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 27 PY 2003 VL 90 IS 25 AR 251801 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.251801 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 694XW UT WOS:000183801300007 ER PT J AU Ahrens, J Bai, X Barwick, SW Bay, RC Becka, T Becker, KH Bernardini, E Bertrand, D Biron, A Boeser, S Botner, O Bouchta, A Bouhali, O Burgess, T Carius, S Castermans, T Chirkin, D Conrad, J Cooley, J Cowen, DF Davour, A De Clercq, C DeYoung, T Desiati, P Doksus, P Ekstrom, P Feser, T Gaisser, TK Ganugapati, R Gaug, M Geenen, H Gerhardt, L Goldschmidt, A Hallgren, A Halzen, F Hanson, K Hardtke, R Hauschildt, T Hellwig, M Herquet, P Hill, GC Hulth, PO Hughey, B Hultqvist, K Hundertmark, S Jacobsen, J Karle, A Kuehn, K Kim, J Kopke, L Kowalski, M Lamoureux, JI Leich, H Leuthold, M Lindahl, P Liubarsky, I Madsen, J Mandli, K Marciniewski, P Matis, H McParland, CP Messarius, T Miller, TC Minaeva, Y Miocinovic, P Mock, PC Morse, R Neunhoffer, T Niessen, P Nygren, DR Ogelman, H Olbrechts, P de los Heros, CP Pohl, AC Porrata, R Price, PB Przybylski, GT Rawlins, K Resconi, E Rhode, W Ribordy, M Richter, S Martino, JR Romenesko, P Ross, D Sander, HG Schlenstedt, S Schinarakis, K Schmidt, T Schneider, D Schwarz, R Silvestri, A Solarz, M Stamatikos, M Spiczak, GM Spiering, C Steele, D Steffen, P Stokstad, RG Sulanke, KH Taboada, I Tilav, S Wagner, W Walck, C Wang, YR Wiebusch, CH Wiedemann, C Wischnewski, R Wissing, H Woschnagg, K Wu, W Yodh, G Young, S AF Ahrens, J Bai, X Barwick, SW Bay, RC Becka, T Becker, KH Bernardini, E Bertrand, D Biron, A Boeser, S Botner, O Bouchta, A Bouhali, O Burgess, T Carius, S Castermans, T Chirkin, D Conrad, J Cooley, J Cowen, DF Davour, A De Clercq, C DeYoung, T Desiati, P Doksus, P Ekstrom, P Feser, T Gaisser, TK Ganugapati, R Gaug, M Geenen, H Gerhardt, L Goldschmidt, A Hallgren, A Halzen, F Hanson, K Hardtke, R Hauschildt, T Hellwig, M Herquet, P Hill, GC Hulth, PO Hughey, B Hultqvist, K Hundertmark, S Jacobsen, J Karle, A Kuehn, K Kim, J Kopke, L Kowalski, M Lamoureux, JI Leich, H Leuthold, M Lindahl, P Liubarsky, I Madsen, J Mandli, K Marciniewski, P Matis, H McParland, CP Messarius, T Miller, TC Minaeva, Y Miocinovic, P Mock, PC Morse, R Neunhoffer, T Niessen, P Nygren, DR Ogelman, H Olbrechts, P de los Heros, CP Pohl, AC Porrata, R Price, PB Przybylski, GT Rawlins, K Resconi, E Rhode, W Ribordy, M Richter, S Martino, JR Romenesko, P Ross, D Sander, HG Schlenstedt, S Schinarakis, K Schmidt, T Schneider, D Schwarz, R Silvestri, A Solarz, M Stamatikos, M Spiczak, GM Spiering, C Steele, D Steffen, P Stokstad, RG Sulanke, KH Taboada, I Tilav, S Wagner, W Walck, C Wang, YR Wiebusch, CH Wiedemann, C Wischnewski, R Wissing, H Woschnagg, K Wu, W Yodh, G Young, S TI Limits on diffuse fluxes of high energy extraterrestrial neutrinos with the AMANDA-B10 detector SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ATMOSPHERIC NEUTRINOS AB Data from the AMANDA-B10 detector taken during the austral winter of 1997 have been searched for a diffuse flux of high energy extraterrestrial muon neutrinos. This search yielded no excess events above those expected from background atmospheric neutrinos, leading to upper limits on the extraterrestrial neutrino flux measured at the earth. For an assumed E-2 spectrum, a 90% classical confidence level upper limit has been placed at a level E(2)Phi(E)=8.4x10(-7) cm(-2) s(-1) sr(-1) GeV (for a predominant neutrino energy range 6-1000 TeV), which is the most restrictive bound placed by any neutrino detector. Some specific predicted model spectra are excluded. Interpreting these limits in terms of the flux from a cosmological distributions of sources requires the incorporation of neutrino oscillations, typically weakening the limits by a factor of 2. C1 Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany. Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA. DESY Zeuthen, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany. Univ Kalmar, Dept Technol, S-30182 Kalmar, Sweden. Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Libre Brussels, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. Uppsala Univ, Div High Energy Phys, S-75121 Uppsala, Sweden. Berg Univ Wuppertal, Fachbereich Phys 8, D-42097 Wuppertal, Germany. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA. Univ Libre Brussels, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. Univ Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium. Univ Simon Bolivar, Dept Fis, Caracas 1080A, Venezuela. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, London SW7 2BW, England. RP Ahrens, J (reprint author), Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany. RI Wiebusch, Christopher/G-6490-2012; GAug, Markus/L-2340-2014; Kowalski, Marek/G-5546-2012; Hundertmark, Stephan/A-6592-2010; Botner, Olga/A-9110-2013; Hallgren, Allan/A-8963-2013 OI Wiebusch, Christopher/0000-0002-6418-3008; GAug, Markus/0000-0001-8442-7877; NR 29 TC 69 Z9 71 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 27 PY 2003 VL 90 IS 25 AR 251101 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.251101 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 694XW UT WOS:000183801300006 PM 12857122 ER PT J AU Cheng, L Fenter, P Bedzyk, MJ Sturchio, NC AF Cheng, L Fenter, P Bedzyk, MJ Sturchio, NC TI Fourier-expansion solution of atom distributions in a crystal using x-ray standing waves SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PHASE PROBLEM; DIFFRACTION; HOLOGRAPHY; CHEMISTRY AB Term-by-term Fourier-expansion series, each made up of components having element-specific phases and amplitudes acquired with x-ray standing wave measurements on successive orders of Bragg reflections, are used to reconstruct impurity atom distributions in muscovite mica with respect to the (001) lattice without a priori assumptions on their structures. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. RP Cheng, L (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Bedzyk, Michael/B-7503-2009; Cheng, Likwan/C-1436-2013; Bedzyk, Michael/K-6903-2013 NR 19 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 27 PY 2003 VL 90 IS 25 AR 255503 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.255503 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 694XW UT WOS:000183801300027 PM 12857143 ER PT J AU Dixon, L Siu, MS AF Dixon, L Siu, MS TI Resonance-continuum interference in the diphoton Higgs signal at the LHC SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID STANDARD MODEL; BOSON PRODUCTION; HADRON COLLIDERS; E(+)E(-) COLLISIONS; MASSLESS PARTICLES; QCD CORRECTIONS; ROOT-S; SEARCH; DECAYS AB A low mass standard model Higgs boson should be visible at the Large Hadron Collider through its production via gluon-gluon fusion and its decay to two photons. We compute the interference of this resonant process, gg-->H-->gammagamma, with the continuum QCD background, gg-->gammagamma, induced by quark loops. Helicity selection rules suppress the effect, which is dominantly due to the imaginary part of the two-loop gg-->gammagamma scattering amplitude. The interference is destructive, but only of order 5% in the standard model, which is still below the 10%-20% present accuracy of the total cross section prediction. We comment on the potential size of such effects in other Higgs models. C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Dixon, L (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. NR 48 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 27 PY 2003 VL 90 IS 25 AR 252001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.252001 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 694XW UT WOS:000183801300009 PM 12857125 ER PT J AU Grimsditch, M Hoffmann, A Vavassori, P Shi, HT Lederman, D AF Grimsditch, M Hoffmann, A Vavassori, P Shi, HT Lederman, D TI Exchange-induced anisotropies at ferromagnetic-antiferromagnetic interfaces above and below the Neel temperature SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID COERCIVITY ENHANCEMENT; BILAYERS; SYSTEMS; ALLOYS; FILMS; BIAS; CO AB The exchange bias and magnetic anisotropies in a Co layer on a single-crystalline FeF2 film have been determined between 30 and 300 K. By postulating that the coupling between the ferromagnet and the antiferromagnet persists above the Neel temperature (T-N) we develop a model that quantitatively describes the exchange bias and the anisotropies over the whole temperature range, both above and below T-N. Using only the measured low temperature exchange bias and a distribution of blocking temperatures we explain (i) the temperature dependence of the bias, (ii) the magnitude of the anisotropies, (iii) the opposite sign of the first and second order anisotropies, (iv) the observed 1/T and 1/T-3 temperature dependencies of the first and second order uniaxial anisotropies above T-N, and (v) the decrease of the anisotropies below T-N. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Ferrara, Dipartimento Fis, INFM UdR Ferrara, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. INFM, Natl Res Ctr Nanostruct & Biosyst Surfaces S3, Ferrara, Italy. W Virginia Univ, Dept Phys, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. RP Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Hoffmann, Axel/A-8152-2009; Vavassori, Paolo/B-4299-2014 OI Hoffmann, Axel/0000-0002-1808-2767; Vavassori, Paolo/0000-0002-4735-6640 NR 21 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 2 U2 21 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 27 PY 2003 VL 90 IS 25 AR 257201 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.257201 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 694XW UT WOS:000183801300043 PM 12857159 ER PT J AU Murakami, M Wade, MR Greenfield, CM Luce, TC Makowski, MA Petty, CC DeBoo, JC Ferron, JR Jayakumar, RJ Lao, LL Lohr, J Politzer, PA Prater, R St John, HE AF Murakami, M Wade, MR Greenfield, CM Luce, TC Makowski, MA Petty, CC DeBoo, JC Ferron, JR Jayakumar, RJ Lao, LL Lohr, J Politzer, PA Prater, R St John, HE TI Modification of the current profile in high-performance plasmas using off-axis electron-cyclotron-current drive in DIII-D SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ARBITRARY COLLISIONALITY; BOOTSTRAP CURRENT; TOKAMAK; DIFFUSION AB Recent DIII-D experiments using off-axis electron cyclotron current drive (ECCD) have demonstrated the ability to modify the current profile in a plasma with toroidal beta near 3%. The resulting plasma simultaneously sustains the key elements required for Advanced Tokamak operation: high bootstrap current fraction, high beta, and good confinement. More than 85% of the plasma current is driven by noninductive means. ECCD is observed to produce strong negative central magnetic shear, which in turn acts to trigger confinement improvements in all transport channels in the plasma core. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Murakami, M (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 23 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 27 PY 2003 VL 90 IS 25 AR 255001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.255001 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 694XW UT WOS:000183801300023 PM 12857139 ER PT J AU Pieper, SC AF Pieper, SC TI Can modern nuclear Hamiltonians tolerate a bound tetraneutron? SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MONTE-CARLO CALCULATIONS AB I show that it does not seem possible to change modern nuclear Hamiltonians to bind a tetraneutron without destroying many other successful predictions of those Hamiltonians. This means that, should a recent experimental claim of a bound tetraneutron be confirmed, our understanding of nuclear forces will have to be significantly changed. I also point out some errors in previous theoretical studies of this problem. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM spieper@anl.gov NR 14 TC 48 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 27 PY 2003 VL 90 IS 25 AR 252501 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.252501 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 694XW UT WOS:000183801300011 PM 12857127 ER PT J AU Volfson, D Tsimring, LS Aranson, IS AF Volfson, D Tsimring, LS Aranson, IS TI Order parameter description of stationary partially fluidized shear granular flows SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CIRCULAR DISKS; TRANSITION; ROUGH; PLANE; FRICTION; MEDIA AB We carry out a detailed comparison of soft-particle molecular dynamics simulations with the theory of partially fluidized shear granular flows. We verify by direct simulations a constitutive relation based on the separation of the shear stress tensor into a fluid part proportional to the strain rate tensor, and a remaining solid part. The ratio of these two components is determined by the order parameter. Based on results of the simulations we construct the "free energy" function for the order parameter. We also present the simulations of the stationary deep 2D granular flows driven by an upper wall and compare it with the continuum theory. C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Inst Nonlinear Sci, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Volfson, D (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Inst Nonlinear Sci, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RI Aranson, Igor/I-4060-2013; OI Volfson, Dmitri/0000-0002-5167-7834 NR 27 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 27 PY 2003 VL 90 IS 25 AR 254301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.254301 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 694XW UT WOS:000183801300020 PM 12857136 ER PT J AU Wang, LG Zunger, A AF Wang, LG Zunger, A TI Cluster-doping approach for wide-gap semiconductors: The case of p-type ZnO SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CODOPING METHOD; THIN-FILMS; BAND GAP; DEFECTS; UNIPOLARITY; FABRICATION AB First-principles calculations on p-type doping of the paradigm wide-gap ZnO semiconductor reveal that successful doping depends much on engineering a stable local chemical bonding environment. We suggest a cluster-doping approach in which a locally stable chemical environment is realized by using few dopant species. We explain two puzzling experimental observations, i.e., that monodoping N in ZnO via N-2 fails to produce p-type behavior, whereas using an NO source produces metastable p-type behavior, which disappears over time. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Wang, LG (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RI Zunger, Alex/A-6733-2013 NR 27 TC 198 Z9 208 U1 3 U2 44 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 27 PY 2003 VL 90 IS 25 AR 256401 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.256401 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 694XW UT WOS:000183801300033 PM 12857149 ER PT J AU Yashchuk, VV Budker, D Gawlik, W Kimball, DF Malakyan, YP Rochester, SM AF Yashchuk, VV Budker, D Gawlik, W Kimball, DF Malakyan, YP Rochester, SM TI Selective addressing of high-rank atomic polarization moments SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GROUND-STATE; ROTATION PROPERTIES; MULTIPOLE MOMENTS; RESONANCE LIGHT; TRAP STATES; SCATTERING; COHERENCE AB We describe a method of selective generation and study of polarization moments of up to the highest-rank kappa=2F possible for a quantum state with total angular momentum F. The technique is based on nonlinear magneto-optical rotation with frequency-modulated light. Various polarization moments are distinguished by the periodicity of light-polarization rotation induced by the atoms during Larmor precession and exhibit distinct light-intensity and frequency dependences. We apply the method to study polarization moments of Rb-87 atoms contained in a vapor cell with antirelaxation coating. Distinct ultranarrow (1-Hz wide) resonances, corresponding to different multipoles, appear in the magnetic-field dependence of the optical rotation. The use of the highest-multipole resonances supported by a given system has important applications in quantum and nonlinear optics and in magnetometry. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Jagiellonian Univ, Ins Fiz Imiemi M Smoluchowskiego, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland. Armenian Acad Sci, Inst Phys Res, Ashtarak 378410 2, Armenia. RP Yashchuk, VV (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 25 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 27 PY 2003 VL 90 IS 25 AR 253001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.253001 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 694XW UT WOS:000183801300012 PM 12857128 ER PT J AU Montgomery, DR Manga, M AF Montgomery, DR Manga, M TI Streamflow and water well responses to earthquakes SO SCIENCE LA English DT Review ID MAGNITUDE-DISTANCE RELATIONS; CLOSELY CLUSTERED WELLS; LEVEL CHANGES; GROUNDWATER-FLOW; CENTRAL JAPAN; CALIFORNIA; STRAIN; SEARCH; FAULT; PRECURSORS C1 Univ Washington, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Montgomery, DR (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RI Manga, Michael/D-3847-2013; OI Manga, Michael/0000-0003-3286-4682 NR 51 TC 112 Z9 122 U1 5 U2 37 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JUN 27 PY 2003 VL 300 IS 5628 BP 2047 EP 2049 DI 10.1126/science.1082980 PG 3 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 694KZ UT WOS:000183774900034 PM 12829774 ER PT J AU Benkovitz, CM Schwartz, SE Kim, BG AF Benkovitz, CM Schwartz, SE Kim, BG TI Evaluation of a chemical transport model for sulfate using ACE-2 observations and attribution of sulfate mixing ratios to source regions and formation processes SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID NORTH-ATLANTIC; AEROSOL; SCALE; SO2 AB [1] High resolution measurements of sulfate during the ACE-2 campaign (June-July 1997) permit detailed evaluation of the performance of a chemical transport models driven by analyzed meteorological data. At Tenerife, Canary Islands, (minimal proximate sources) the median ratio characteristic spread between model and observations, S-m/o similar to 1.3, was comparable to the spread of three sets of collocated observations and to the spread of observations at stations separated by similar to 13 km within a single model grid cell (1degrees x 1degrees). Somewhat greater S-m/o, similar to 1.6, at Sagres, Portugal is attributed to nonrepresentativeness of a single measurement site influenced by proximate sources. At Tenerife contributions from European, North American, and biogenic sources to sulfate mixing ratios are comparable, with North American sources dominating (up to similar to85%) under conditions of a strong Azores high; thus substantial contributions of sulfate, and by implication other aerosols, can result from long-range midlatitude transport across the Atlantic Ocean. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Benkovitz, CM (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Schwartz, Stephen/C-2729-2008 OI Schwartz, Stephen/0000-0001-6288-310X NR 16 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JUN 26 PY 2003 VL 30 IS 12 AR 1641 DI 10.1029/2003GL016942 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 708PP UT WOS:000184577400002 ER PT J AU Huang, CS Reeves, GD Borovsky, JE Skoug, RM Pu, ZY Le, G AF Huang, CS Reeves, GD Borovsky, JE Skoug, RM Pu, ZY Le, G TI Periodic magnetospheric substorms and their relationship with solar wind variations SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE magnetic storm; substorm; periodic substorm; sawtooth injection; solar wind triggering ID INTERPLANETARY MAGNETIC-FIELD; EARTHS MAGNETOSPHERE; MAGNETOPAUSE CROSSINGS; CURRENT DISRUPTION; TAIL RECONNECTION; EXPANSION ONSET; INSTABILITY; PASSAGE; MODELS; CLOUD AB [1] Outstanding problems in magnetospheric substorms include what causes substorm onsets and whether substorms have some specific periodicity. This paper provides observations and interpretations that relate to these problems. We study a specific type of geosynchronous particle injections during magnetic storms and the possible relationship between the solar wind and injections. Three storm events are analyzed: the March - April 2001, October 2000, and September 1998 storms. During the main phase or initial recovery phase of the storms, recurrent particle injections with a period of 2 - 3 hours were observed by geosynchronous satellites. The particle fluxes exhibited a well-defined "sawtooth'' profile with gradual decreases ( flux dropouts) followed by rapid increases ( injections). The sawtooth injections coincided well with AE increases and are interpreted as the signature of periodic substorms. In one case, sawtooth substorm injections were correlated with continuous solar wind pressure oscillations. In two other cases, sawtooth substorm injections occurred after a solar wind pressure impulse arrived at the magnetosphere. The observations show that substorms during storm times can be indeed periodic with a period of 2 - 3 hours and that solar wind variations may trigger the periodic substorms. We suggest that magnetospheric substorms have an intrinsic cycle time of 2 - 3 hours. If solar wind pressure oscillations with periods comparable to the substorm cycle time are imposed on the magnetosphere, some magnetospheric resonant state may be excited, and periodic substorms can be triggered. Otherwise, if the solar wind oscillates too fast, not enough energy is accumulated in the magnetotail for substorms to occur; if the period of solar wind pressure oscillations is too long, magnetospheric energy may be released through other processes including internally triggered substorms. C1 MIT, Haystack Observ, Westford, MA 01886 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Peking Univ, Dept Geophys, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Extraterr Phys Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Huang, CS (reprint author), MIT, Haystack Observ, Route 40, Westford, MA 01886 USA. RI Le, Guan/C-9524-2012; Reeves, Geoffrey/E-8101-2011 OI Le, Guan/0000-0002-9504-5214; Reeves, Geoffrey/0000-0002-7985-8098 NR 33 TC 55 Z9 56 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD JUN 26 PY 2003 VL 108 IS A6 AR 1255 DI 10.1029/2002JA009704 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 708WL UT WOS:000184593000006 ER PT J AU Skoug, RM Thomsen, MF Henderson, MG Funsten, HO Reeves, GD Pollock, CJ Jahn, JM McComas, DJ Mitchell, DG Brandt, PC Sandel, BR Clauer, CR Singer, HJ AF Skoug, RM Thomsen, MF Henderson, MG Funsten, HO Reeves, GD Pollock, CJ Jahn, JM McComas, DJ Mitchell, DG Brandt, PC Sandel, BR Clauer, CR Singer, HJ TI Tail-dominated storm main phase: 31 March 2001 SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE tail current; geomagnetic storm; Dst index; ENA imaging ID ENERGETIC NEUTRAL ATOMS; RING-CURRENT; GEOMAGNETIC STORMS; MAGNETIC STORMS; IMAGE MISSION; GEOSYNCHRONOUS ORBIT; MAGNETOPAUSE CROSSINGS; MIDLATITUDE STATIONS; PLASMA SHEET; FIELD AB [1] On 31 March 2001 a fast solar wind transient with strong southward interplanetary magnetic field B-z produced a large geomagnetic storm at Earth, with a drop in the Dst index to - 350 nT between 0400 and 0900 UT. The Earth's magnetosphere was very compressed during this interval, with the bow shock crossing geosynchronous orbit on at least two occasions. Here we present space-based and ground-based observations demonstrating that tail currents, rather than ring currents, were the dominant contributor to the Dst index during the main phase of this storm. The plasma sheet during this interval was exceptionally dense and penetrated very deeply towards the Earth, leading to extremely strong tail currents flowing quite close to the Earth. These tail currents produced a very distorted magnetosphere, with strong stretching of the magnetic field lines in the nightside plasma sheet. Energetic neutral atom (ENA) images from the MENA and HENA instruments on IMAGE show a very narrow spatial distribution, with ENAs confined to the nightside until a magnetic field dipolarization at similar to 0630 UT when Dst was - 250 nT. Ground magnetometer measurements confirm that the disturbance was localized on the nightside and dominated by tail currents up until the field dipolarization. Following the dipolarization, higher energy ENAs began to drift toward dusk, forming a partial ring current. Even at that time, low-energy ENAs were not observed on the dayside, either due to inhibited access or to strong charge exchange losses. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. SW Res Inst, Instrumentat & Space Res Div, San Antonio, TX 78238 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. Univ Arizona, Lunar & Planetary Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Univ Michigan, Space Phys Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. NOAA, Space Environm Ctr, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS D466, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM rskoug@lanl.gov; mthomsen@lanl.gov; mghenderson@lanl.gov; hfunsten@lanl.gov; gdreeves@lanl.gov; cpollock@swri.edu; jjahn@swri.edu; dmccomas@swri.edu; Donald.G.Mitchell@jhuap1.edu; brandpc1@jhuap1.edu; sandel@vega.lpl.arizona.edu; rclauer@umich.edu; hsinger@sec.noaa.gov RI Funsten, Herbert/A-5702-2015; Reeves, Geoffrey/E-8101-2011; Henderson, Michael/A-3948-2011; Brandt, Pontus/N-1218-2016 OI Funsten, Herbert/0000-0002-6817-1039; Reeves, Geoffrey/0000-0002-7985-8098; Henderson, Michael/0000-0003-4975-9029; Brandt, Pontus/0000-0002-4644-0306 NR 60 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9380 EI 2169-9402 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD JUN 26 PY 2003 VL 108 IS A6 AR 1259 DI 10.1029/2002JA009705 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 708WL UT WOS:000184593000007 ER PT J AU Wade, EA Lorenz, KT Springfield, JL Chandler, DW AF Wade, EA Lorenz, KT Springfield, JL Chandler, DW TI Collisions of HCl with rare gas and molecular colliders SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID DIFFERENTIAL CROSS-SECTIONS; INELASTIC-SCATTERING; BEAM; SYSTEMS AB Collisions of HCl (j = 0) with rare gas and molecular colliders were studied using velocity-mapped ion imaging. For the rare gas colliders, Ne and Kr, the observed scattering behavior is very similar to that previously observed for HCl + Ar, and any differences are primarily due to the rule of corresponding states. For the molecular colliders, N-2 and CH4, very different scattering behavior was observed, especially for high Deltaj(HCl) transitions. When HCl is scattered into j(HCl) = 2 or 3, the collision results in more forward-scattering than is observed for rare gas colliders, whereas when HCl is scattered into j(HCl) = 4 or 5, the collision results in more backscattering. This implies that to generate HCl in a highly rotationally excited quantum state following collision with a diatomic or polyatomic collider, the collision must have a smaller impact parameter than would be required for an atomic collision. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Mills Coll, Dept Chem & Phys, Oakland, CA 94613 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. Griffith Univ, Brisbane, Qld 4111, Australia. RP Wade, EA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 23 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD JUN 26 PY 2003 VL 107 IS 25 BP 4976 EP 4981 DI 10.1021/jp027601s PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 692NU UT WOS:000183667800002 ER PT J AU Nielsen, IMB Janssen, CL Allendorf, MD AF Nielsen, IMB Janssen, CL Allendorf, MD TI Ab initio predictions for thermochemical parameters for tin-oxygen compounds SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID BASIS-SET CONVERGENCE; CORRELATED MOLECULAR CALCULATIONS; GAUSSIAN-BASIS SETS; CL-H SYSTEM; ELECTRON CORRELATION; PERTURBATION-THEORY; ENERGY; IMPLEMENTATION; 5TH-ORDER; ALUMINUM AB Heats of formation have been determined for the tin-oxygen compounds SnO, SnO2, H2SnO, and H3SnOH by ab initio computations of reaction energies for isogyric reactions. The electronic structure methods employed include the coupled-cluster singles and doubles method with a perturbative correction for connected triple substitutions [CCSD(T)] and the Brueckner doubles method with analogous corrections for triple and quadruple substitutions [BD(TQ)]. Correlation-consistent triple- and quadruple-zeta basis sets were employed in conjunction with a large-core pseudopotential and a core polarization potential for Sn, and a basis set incompleteness correction was computed from extrapolations to the infinite basis set limit. Values of 9 4, 10 4, 34 4, and -20 +/- 4 kcal mol(-1) are proposed for DeltaH(f,0)degrees for SnO, SnO2, H2SnO, and H3SnOH, respectively. Polynomial fits were carried out for the heat capacity and the standard enthalpy and entropy over the 300-3100 K temperature range. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Nielsen, IMB (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 969, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM ibniels@ca.sandia.gov NR 55 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD JUN 26 PY 2003 VL 107 IS 25 BP 5122 EP 5127 DI 10.1021/jp030255+ PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 692NU UT WOS:000183667800018 ER PT J AU Jones, CY Marshall, SL Chakoumakos, BC Rawn, CJ Ishii, Y AF Jones, CY Marshall, SL Chakoumakos, BC Rawn, CJ Ishii, Y TI Structure and thermal expansivity of tetrahydrofuran deuterate determined by neutron powder diffraction SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID CLATHRATE HYDRATE; HEAT-CAPACITIES; GUEST MOLECULES; ETHYLENE-OXIDE; STRUCTURE-II; MOTION; ICE; DECOMPOSITION; CONDUCTIVITY; ENTHALPIES AB The crystal structure of tetrahydrofuran deuterate, a clathrate hydrate, has been refined from neutron powder diffraction data at five temperatures in the range 7-265 K. The thermal expansivity was shown to be greater than that of ice Ih in the same range of temperature (7), as observed in previous studies of other clathrates. The overall effect of T has been resolved into contributions from different geometrical parameters in the structure. Thus, an increase in T results in expansion of the host-lattice framework with increases in both the D-D and O-O distances and out-of-plane tilting of water molecules. The greatest dependence on T is exhibited by the D-D distances and the distortion of the hexagonal faces from planarity, which is particularly pronounced in the range 75-140 K. The cage volumes show a complex dependence on T. from 7 to 140 K, the volume of the small cage decreases slightly and that of the large cage increases, and between 140 and 205 K, the trend is reversed. The most pronounced structural changes occur in a similar regime of T as changes in guest dynamics observed in spectroscopic and thermodynamic studies. The temperature dependences of the structure and alpha(T), when considered along with the relation of (x(T) to the degree of anharmonicity in bonding,(34) could be formulated to provide a sensitive test of molecular models of clathrate hydrates. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Naka, Ibaraki 3111195, Japan. RP Jones, CY (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. RI Marshall, Simon/E-9518-2010; Chakoumakos, Bryan/A-5601-2016 OI Chakoumakos, Bryan/0000-0002-7870-6543 NR 37 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 3 U2 13 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD JUN 26 PY 2003 VL 107 IS 25 BP 6026 EP 6031 DI 10.1021/jp020513n PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 692FC UT WOS:000183649500003 ER PT J AU Rondinone, AJ Chakoumakos, BC Rawn, CJ Ishii, Y AF Rondinone, AJ Chakoumakos, BC Rawn, CJ Ishii, Y TI Neutron diffraction study of structure I and structure II trimethylene oxide clathrate deuterate SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID HYDRATE; TETRAHYDROFURAN AB Trimethylene oxide (TMO) forms structure I or 11 hydrates depending on stoichiometry and affords the opportunity to compare and contrast the temperature dependence of the crystal structure parameters for the two major hydrate structure types occluding a common guest molecule. Structures I and 11 TMO deuterates were synthesized from D2O and hydrogenated TMO at the ratio of 6.25:1 D2O:TMO (mole) for structure I and 17:1 D2O:TMO for structure II. The samples were studied with powder neutron diffraction using the high-resolution powder diffractometer at the Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, research reactor JRR-3M. The guest-host interactions of TMO in the 5(12)6(2) and 5(12)6(4) cavities were modeled using rigid-body constraints. Data were collected at 10 (12 K for structure 1), 40, 70, 100, 130, 160, 190, 220, and 250 K for both structure types. The volumes of the 5(12) and 5(12)6(2) or 5(12)6(4) cages of both structure types were computed at each temperature. Cage volume calculations, rigid-body orientations, and rigid-body mean-squared displacement parameters revealed perturbations in the host lattice due to guest molecule motion/orientation for the structure I deuterate but not for the structure 11 deuterate. The guest molecule motion approximates that in the gas phase with some restrictions imposed by the deuterate cage. Below 105 K, the guest molecule tends to orient the ether oxygen toward the hexagonal face of the structure 1 5(12)6(2) cage. Above 105 K the ether oxygen moves away from the hexagonal face of the 5(12)6(2) cage to an angle of about 50degrees, corresponding to an increase in volume for the 5(12)6(2) cage and a decrease in volume for the 5(12) cage. The most rapid changes with respect to temperature occur between 160 and 190 K. Similar behavior was not noted for the structure 11 deuterate. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Tokai, Ibaraki 3191195, Japan. RP Rondinone, AJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Rondinone, Adam/F-6489-2013; Chakoumakos, Bryan/A-5601-2016 OI Rondinone, Adam/0000-0003-0020-4612; Chakoumakos, Bryan/0000-0002-7870-6543 NR 17 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD JUN 26 PY 2003 VL 107 IS 25 BP 6046 EP 6050 DI 10.1021/jp027127q PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 692FC UT WOS:000183649500006 ER PT J AU Doorn, SK Strano, MS O'Connell, MJ Haroz, EH Rialon, KL Hauge, RH Smalley, RE AF Doorn, SK Strano, MS O'Connell, MJ Haroz, EH Rialon, KL Hauge, RH Smalley, RE TI Capillary electrophoresis separations of bundled and individual carbon nanotubes SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID ORGANIC POLYMER; PURIFICATION; MODES; SWNTS AB Capillary electrophoresis (CE) has been performed on polymer-stabilized bundles and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) suspensions of high-pressure carbon monoxide (HiPco)-produced single-walled carbon nanotubes. Real-time Raman spectroscopy has been used for detection and characterization of the separation process. Radial-breathing-mode vibrational frequencies are sensitive to nanotube diameter. Monitoring of these modes demonstrates the separation of poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP)-stabilized tubes into fractions of differing bundle composition. Separations on SDS suspensions indicate that CE is capable of separating bundled nanotubes from isolated individuals on the basis of differences in nanotube mobility, depending on changes in diameter or bundle size. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, MS J563, C ACS, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Rice Univ, Dept Chem, Houston, TX 77251 USA. Rice Univ, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Houston, TX 77251 USA. RP Doorn, SK (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, MS J563, C ACS, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Hauge, Robert/A-7008-2011; Zhou, Charlie/N-5376-2015 OI Hauge, Robert/0000-0002-3656-0152; NR 21 TC 75 Z9 75 U1 1 U2 20 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD JUN 26 PY 2003 VL 107 IS 25 BP 6063 EP 6069 DI 10.1021/jp022631g PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 692FC UT WOS:000183649500009 ER PT J AU Gibaud, A Grosso, D Smarsly, B Baptiste, A Bardeau, JF Babonneau, F Doshi, DA Chen, Z Brinker, CJ Sanchez, C AF Gibaud, A Grosso, D Smarsly, B Baptiste, A Bardeau, JF Babonneau, F Doshi, DA Chen, Z Brinker, CJ Sanchez, C TI Evaporation-controlled self-assembly of silica surfactant mesophases SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID THIN-FILMS; PHASE-TRANSFORMATION; IN-SITU AB Surfactant templated silica mesophases belong to the class of self-assembled materials that exhibit long range ordered two-dimensional (2D) hexagonal, three-dimensional (3D) hexagonal, or 3D cubic mesostructures when the composition of the initial deposited solution and its aging time have been optimized. Thin films of such mesophases with a thickness typically less than 300 nm are now routinely obtained by dip coating. In this study a reference solution was used with a chemical composition leading to the formation of thin films with a 3D hexagonal (P6(3)/mmc) mesostructure by dip coating. Thick films (about 10 mum thick) were alternatively prepared by a evaporation-controlled self-assembly (ECSA) process and studied with grazing incidence small-angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS). In the ECSA process, the mesostructure was developed under slower evaporation conditions than for dip-coated films by finely tuning the ethanol/H2O evaporation rate of the reference solution horizontally deposited on a silicon wafer. It is shown that the evaporation rate of the solvent is one of the key parameters that control the final mesostructure and can, under certain conditions, promote the formation of the cubic mesophase. The ability to precisely control such a structural arrangement on the mesoscale is of major interest for making sensor arrays, nanoreactors, photonic and fluidic devices, and low dielectric constant films. C1 Univ Maine, CNRS, UMR, Lab Phys Etat Condense, F-72085 Le Mans 09, France. Univ Paris 06, Lab Chem Matiere Condensee, F-75252 Paris 05, France. Univ New Mexico, Ctr Micro Engineered Mat, Adv Mat Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. Univ New Mexico, Adv Mat Lab, Dept Chem & Nucl Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Univ Maine, CNRS, UMR, Lab Phys Etat Condense, F-72085 Le Mans 09, France. EM gibaud@univ-lemans.fr RI Smarsly, Bernd/G-8514-2011; Grosso, David /H-7133-2012; SANCHEZ, CLEMENT/B-7097-2014; Grosso, David/K-9500-2015; Chen, Zhu/M-3834-2015 NR 18 TC 128 Z9 128 U1 2 U2 31 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD JUN 26 PY 2003 VL 107 IS 25 BP 6114 EP 6118 DI 10.1021/jp027612l PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 692FC UT WOS:000183649500015 ER PT J AU Poluektov, OG Utschig, LM Dalosto, S Thurnauer, MC AF Poluektov, OG Utschig, LM Dalosto, S Thurnauer, MC TI Probing local dynamics of the photosynthetic bacterial reaction center with a cysteine specific spin label SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID RHODOBACTER-SPHAEROIDES R-26; SEQUENTIAL ELECTRON-TRANSFER; HIGH-FIELD EPR; RHODOPSEUDOMONAS-SPHAEROIDES; LIBRATIONAL MOTION; MEMBRANE-PROTEINS; W-BAND; MOLECULES; SITE; SPECTROSCOPY AB A multifrequency electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) approach was used to probe the dynamic structure of the bacterial photosynthetic reaction center (RC) protein. We have demonstrated that the cysteine specific nitroxide spin label MTSL can be covalently bound to a surface cysteine residue of Rhodobacter sphaeroides RC protein. We suggest that the MTSL nitroxide is bound to an accessible cysteine residue, H156, which is located on the surface of the protein on the H-subunit. Analysis of the multifrequency EPR spectra of the spin-labeled RC proteins suggests the restricted character of the protein dynamics. These dynamics can be described as fast libration in a cone with a correlation time faster than 10(-9) s. Several dynamically nonequivalent sites were observed in the EPR spectra, which may reflect distinct conformational substates of local protein structure. This work provides a foundation for future studies with the goal of correlating protein motions with photosynthetic charge-transfer reactions. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Div D200, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Div D200, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM polouektov@anchim.chm.anl.gov NR 65 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD JUN 26 PY 2003 VL 107 IS 25 BP 6239 EP 6244 DI 10.1021/jp0342374 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 692FC UT WOS:000183649500032 ER PT J AU Wunderlich, B AF Wunderlich, B TI The thermal properties of complex, nanophase-separated macromolecules as revealed by temperature-modulated calorimetry SO THERMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th Lahnwitz Seminar on Calorimetry held in conjunction with the 17th IUPAC Conference on Chemical Thermodynamics CY JUL 28-AUG 02, 2002 CL ROSTOCK, GERMANY DE nanophase; DSC; TMDSC; flexible polymers; non-equilibrium thermal properties; thermal history; mechanical history; reversible melting; rigid-amorphous fraction; molecular nucleation ID DIFFERENTIAL SCANNING CALORIMETRY; GLASS-TRANSITION REGION; HEAT-CAPACITY MEASUREMENT; MASS POLYETHYLENE FIBERS; EXTENDED-CHAIN CRYSTALS; SAWTOOTH MODULATION; POLYMER CRYSTALS; MOLAR-MASS; GEL-SPUN; CRYSTALLIZATION AB Linear, flexible macromolecules are long recognized as phase structures limited to micrometer and nanometer dimensions with covalent bonds crossing the interfaces. This special, usually non-equilibrium structure leads to unique properties and a multitude of changes for different thermal and mechanical histories. Analyses that enable the study of these properties are temperature-modulated calorimetry and related techniques which allow the separation of equilibrium and non-equilibrium responses. Research on these topics is reviewed and combined to a model for the nanophases. The new approach to the complex nanophase systems yields a better understanding of the relationship between structure and thermodynamic properties. Special emphasis is placed on the size and surface effects on the glass and melting transitions, the development of rigid-amorphous phases, and the reversible melting within the globally metastable structure. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Wunderlich, B (reprint author), 200 Baltusrol Rd, Knoxville, TN 37922 USA. NR 59 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0040-6031 J9 THERMOCHIM ACTA JI Thermochim. Acta PD JUN 26 PY 2003 VL 403 IS 1 BP 1 EP 13 DI 10.1016/S0040-6031(03)00099-6 PG 13 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry GA 697LG UT WOS:000183944000002 ER PT J AU Eliassi, M Glass, RJ AF Eliassi, M Glass, RJ TI On the porous continuum-scale modeling of gravity-driven fingers in unsaturated materials: Numerical solution of a hypodiffusive governing equation that incorporates a hold-back-pile-up effect SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE capillary hysteresis; wetting front instability; preferential flow; extended irreversible thermodynamics; extended Darcy-Buckingham relations; hyperbolic and Navier-Stokes flux equations ID HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY; RICHARDS EQUATION; FLOW; MEDIA; SOILS; INFILTRATION; PERSISTENCE; STABILITY; PHYSICS AB [1] We consider the use of a hypodiffusive governing equation (HDE) for the porous-continuum modeling of gravity-driven fingers (GDF) as occur in initially dry, highly nonlinear, and hysteretic porous media. In addition to the capillary and gravity terms within the traditional Richards equation, the HDE contains a hypodiffusive term that models an experimentally observed hold-back-pile-up (HBPU) effect and thus imparts nonmonotonicity at the wetting front. In its dimensionless form the HDE contains the dimensionless hypodiffusion number, N-HD. As N-HD increases, one-dimensional (1D) numerical solutions transition from monotonic to nonmonotonic. Considering the experimentally observed controls on GDF occurrence, as either the initial moisture content and applied flux increase or the material nonlinearity decreases, solutions undergo the required transition back to monotonic. Additional tests for horizontal imbibition and capillary rise show the HDE to yield the required monotonic response but display sharper fronts for N-HD > 0. Finally, two-dimensional (2D) numerical solutions illustrate that in parameter space where the 1D HDE yields nonmonotonicity, in 2D it forms nonmonotonic GDF. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Flow Visualizat & Proc Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Eliassi, M (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Flow Visualizat & Proc Lab, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 24 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD JUN 26 PY 2003 VL 39 IS 6 AR 1167 DI 10.1029/2002WR001535 PG 18 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 708XX UT WOS:000184596600004 ER PT J AU Ivashchenko, VI Turchi, PEA Shevchenko, VI Ivashchenko, LA Rusakov, GV AF Ivashchenko, VI Turchi, PEA Shevchenko, VI Ivashchenko, LA Rusakov, GV TI Atomic and electronic structures of a-SiC : H from tight-binding molecular dynamics SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article ID ALLOYS; FILMS; SILICON; CARBON AB The atomic and electronic properties of amorphous unhydrogenated (a-SiC) and hydrogenated (a-SiC:H) silicon carbides are studied using an sp(3)s* tight-binding force model with molecular dynamics simulations. The parameters of a repulsive pairwise potential are determined from ab initio pseudopotential calculations. Both carbides are generated from dilute vapours condensed from high temperature, with post-annealing at low temperature for a-SiC:H. A plausible model for the inter-atomic correlations and electronic states in a-SiC:H is suggested. According to this model, the formation of the amorphous network is weakly sensitive to the presence of hydrogen. Hydrogen passivates effectively only the weak bonds of threefold-coordinated atoms. Chemical ordering is very much affected by the cooling rate and the structure of the high-temperature vapour. The as-computed characteristics are in rather good agreement with the results for a-SiC and a-Si:H from ab initio calculations. C1 NAS Ukraine, Inst Prob Mat Sci, UA-03142 Kiev, Ukraine. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Shevchenko, VI (reprint author), NAS Ukraine, Inst Prob Mat Sci, Krzhyzhanovsky St 3, UA-03142 Kiev, Ukraine. NR 22 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD JUN 25 PY 2003 VL 15 IS 24 BP 4119 EP 4126 AR PII S0953-8984(03)61686-3 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/15/24/305 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 705TD UT WOS:000184410100014 ER PT J AU Landa, A Soderlind, P Ruban, A AF Landa, A Soderlind, P Ruban, A TI Monte Carlo simulations of the stability of delta-Pu SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article ID DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; TRANSITION-METAL ALLOYS; 1ST-PRINCIPLES THEORY; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES; LIGHT ACTINIDES; EQUILIBRIUM PROPERTIES; ALPHA-PU; APPROXIMATION; PLUTONIUM AB The transition temperature (T-c) for delta-Pu has been calculated for the first time. A Monte Carlo method is employed for this purpose and the effective cluster interactions are obtained from first-principles calculations incorporated with the Connolly-Williams and generalized perturbation methods. It is found that at T-c similar to 548 K, delta-Pu undergoes transformation from a disordered magnetic state to a structure with an anti ferromagnetic spin alignment that is mechanically unstable with respect to tetragonal distortion. The calculated transition temperature is in good agreement with the temperature measured at the gamma --> delta transition (593 K). C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Tech Univ Denmark, Ctr Atom Scale Mat Phys, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. Tech Univ Denmark, Dept Phys, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. RP Landa, A (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Ruban, Andrei/B-7457-2012 NR 42 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD JUN 25 PY 2003 VL 15 IS 24 BP L371 EP L376 AR PII S0953-8984(03)59531-5 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/15/24/103 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 705TD UT WOS:000184410100003 ER PT J AU Buess, M Acremann, Y Kashuba, A Back, CH Pescia, D AF Buess, M Acremann, Y Kashuba, A Back, CH Pescia, D TI Pulsed precessional motion on the 'back of an envelope' SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Review ID MAGNETIZATION REVERSAL; SPIN-WAVES AB In a recent paper (Acremann et al 2000 Science 290 492) the precessional trajectory of the magnetization vector was imaged with spatial resolution as a function of the time elapsed after a magnetic field pulse was applied. The most surprising observations-the reversal of the magnetic excitation upon reflection from the boundary and the spatial non-uniformities of the precessional mode-have remained unaccounted for so far. Here we present a 'back of the envelope' model of the precessional motion that is analytical, free of adjustable parameters, and that reproduces all the essential experimental features, including the behaviour of the dynamical magnetization at boundaries. C1 ETH, Lab Festkorperphys, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. LD Landau Theoret Phys Inst, Moscow 117334, Russia. Univ Regensburg, Inst Expt & Angew Phys, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany. RP Pescia, D (reprint author), ETH, Lab Festkorperphys, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. RI Back, Christian/A-8969-2012 OI Back, Christian/0000-0003-3840-0993 NR 18 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD JUN 25 PY 2003 VL 15 IS 24 BP R1093 EP R1100 AR PII S0953-8984(03)33367-3 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/15/24/203 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 705TD UT WOS:000184410100009 ER PT J AU Zhang, ZT Blom, DA Gai, Z Thompson, JR Shen, J Dai, S AF Zhang, ZT Blom, DA Gai, Z Thompson, JR Shen, J Dai, S TI High-yield solvothermal formation of magnetic CoPt alloy nanowires SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID METALLIC NANOWIRES; FEPT NANOPARTICLES; NANORODS; ARRAYS; SEMICONDUCTOR; NANOTUBES; PLATINUM C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Condensed Matter Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Dai, S (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Condensed Matter Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Gai, Zheng/B-5327-2012; Dai, Sheng/K-8411-2015 OI Gai, Zheng/0000-0002-6099-4559; Dai, Sheng/0000-0002-8046-3931 NR 28 TC 109 Z9 113 U1 4 U2 52 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JUN 25 PY 2003 VL 125 IS 25 BP 7528 EP 7529 DI 10.1021/ja035185z PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 692DX UT WOS:000183646400024 PM 12812488 ER PT J AU Lewis, TL Cook, BA Harringa, JL Russell, AM AF Lewis, TL Cook, BA Harringa, JL Russell, AM TI Al2MgO4, Fe3O4, and FeB impurities in AlMgB14 SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE hardness; borides; resistivity; mechanical alloying AB AlMgB14 materials with Si and Ti additions produced by mechanical alloying/hot uniaxial pressing have recently been found to display hardness greater than 40 GPa. Al2MgO4 and Fe3O4, and FeB are common impurities in AlMgB14 produced in this manner. The characterization of these impurities and their effects on the hardness and electrical properties of AlMgB14 without Si and Ti additions are presented in this study. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. IBM Corp, Rochester, MN 55901 USA. RP Russell, AM (reprint author), Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, 3109 Gilman Hall, Ames, IA 50011 USA. OI Russell, Alan/0000-0001-5264-0104 NR 16 TC 19 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD JUN 25 PY 2003 VL 351 IS 1-2 BP 117 EP 122 DI 10.1016/S0921-5093(02)00835-3 PG 6 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 675UL UT WOS:000182714500013 ER PT J AU Jang, J Lee, JS Ju, JB Lee, BW Kwon, D Kim, WS AF Jang, J Lee, JS Ju, JB Lee, BW Kwon, D Kim, WS TI Determination of microstructural criterion for cryogenic toughness variation in actual HAZs using micro structure-distribution maps SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE weld; heat-affected zone (HAZ); microstructure-distribution map; fracture toughness; local brittle zone (LBZ); 9% Ni steel ID HEAT-AFFECTED ZONES; 9-PERCENT NI STEEL; FRACTURE-TOUGHNESS AB It is well known that heat-affected zone (HAZ)-notched fracture mechanics tests, such as crack tip opening displacement (CTOD) test, are very sensitive to the microstructural. gradient in the HAZ. This. study aimed to investigate the. distribution of microstructures, including local brittle zones (LBZs), in the actual HAZ of advanced 9% Ni cryogenic steel, and to determine a microstructure criterion for the change in cryogenic toughness of the steel HAZs using microstructure-distribution maps. To estimate the microstructural influence more systematically, K-grooved HAZ specimens were prepared. Analysis using these microstructure-distribution maps constructed from the specimens tested at 111 K revealed that the weakest-link-type fracture occurs mainly in regions having a large fraction of LBZs (over 17%), whereas the fracture toughness of the other regions was found to be governed by a mixture-rule of the microstructures existing at the precrack tip front of CTOD specimen. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Seoul Natl Univ, Front Inc, Res Inst Adv Mat, Seoul 151742, South Korea. Seoul Natl Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Seoul 151742, South Korea. Korea Gas Corp, Res & Dev Ctr, Ansan 425150, South Korea. RP Jang, J (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Met & Ceram Div, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Jang, Jae-il/A-3486-2011 OI Jang, Jae-il/0000-0003-4526-5355 NR 17 TC 12 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD JUN 25 PY 2003 VL 351 IS 1-2 BP 183 EP 189 AR PII S0921-5093(02)00850-X DI 10.1016/S0921-5093(02)00850-X PG 7 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 675UL UT WOS:000182714500021 ER PT J AU Kazantsev, AV Krivenko, AA Harrington, DJ Carter, RJ Holbrook, SR Adams, PD Pace, NR AF Kazantsev, AV Krivenko, AA Harrington, DJ Carter, RJ Holbrook, SR Adams, PD Pace, NR TI High-resolution structure of RNase P protein from Thermotoga maritima SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID ELONGATION-FACTOR-G; RIBONUCLEASE-P; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; PHASE DETERMINATION; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; ELECTRON-DENSITY; 5' LEADER; HOLOENZYME; RIBOZYME; COMPONENT AB The structure of RNase P protein from the hyperthermophilic bacterium Thermotoga maritima was determined at 1.2-Angstrom resolution by using x-ray crystallography. This protein structure is from an ancestral-type RNase P and bears remarkable similarity to the recently determined structures of RNase P proteins from bacteria that have the distinct, Bacillus type of RNase P. These two types of protein span the extent of bacterial RNase P diversity, so the results generalize the structure of the bacterial RNase P protein. The broad phylogenetic conservation of structure and distribution of potential RNA-binding elements in the RNase P proteins indicate that all of these homologous proteins bind to their cognate RNAs primarily by interaction with the phylogenetically conserved core of the RNA. The protein is found to dimerize through an extensive, well-ordered interface. This dimerization may reflect a mechanism of thermal stability of the protein before assembly with the RNA moiety of the holoenzyme. C1 Univ Colorado, Dept Mol Cellular & Dev Biol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Pace, NR (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Mol Cellular & Dev Biol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RI Adams, Paul/A-1977-2013 OI Adams, Paul/0000-0001-9333-8219 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [R37 GM034527, GM34527, R01 GM034527] NR 46 TC 67 Z9 71 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JUN 24 PY 2003 VL 100 IS 13 BP 7497 EP 7502 DI 10.1073/pnas.0932597100 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 695TE UT WOS:000183845800019 PM 12799461 ER PT J AU Wang, YJ Wei, X Zhang, Y Mascarenhas, A Xin, HP Hong, YG Tu, CW AF Wang, YJ Wei, X Zhang, Y Mascarenhas, A Xin, HP Hong, YG Tu, CW TI Evolution of the electron localization in a nonconventional alloy system GaAs1-xNx probed by high-magnetic-field photoluminescence SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FUNDAMENTAL-BAND GAP; NITROGEN-DOPED GAAS; EFFECTIVE-MASS; IMPURITY BAND AB We demonstrate that a high magnetic field can be used effectively not only to probe the nature of the photoluminescence (PL) in a semiconductor, but also to reveal emission peaks that are unobservable at zero field since the magnetic field can alter energy relaxation processes and the statistical distribution of the photocarriers. Our systematic magneto-PL study of GaAs1-xNx ( 0.1%less than or equal tox<2.5%) in fields up to 30 T indicates that the character of the low-temperature PL in this system changes drastically with varying nitrogen composition x and exhibits transitions with applying strong magnetic fields. For x<0.7%, the PL spectrum shows many discrete features whose energies remain nearly stationary up to the highest applied field. However, the magnetic confinement gives rise to a feature emerging on the higher energy side of the zero-field spectrum. This feature does show a diamagnetic shift, but it is much slower that that of the GaAs band-edge transition. For x>1%, the PL spectrum evolves into a broad band, and its diamagnetic shift resembles the band-edge transition in a conventional semiconductor, and the rate of shift is comparable to that of GaAs. From the diamagnetic shift of the band, the reduced effective masses for different composition of nitrogen have been derived for this system using the standard theory for the magneto-exciton in a three dimensional semiconductor. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Florida State Univ, Natl High Magnet Field Labs, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Wang, YJ (reprint author), Florida State Univ, Natl High Magnet Field Labs, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. EM wang@magnet.fsu.edu NR 21 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 23 PY 2003 VL 82 IS 25 BP 4453 EP 4455 DI 10.1063/1.1584789 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 690PK UT WOS:000183557300015 ER PT J AU Foltyn, SR Arendt, PN Jia, QX Wang, H MacManus-Driscoll, JL Kreiskott, S DePaula, RF Stan, L Groves, JR Dowden, PC AF Foltyn, SR Arendt, PN Jia, QX Wang, H MacManus-Driscoll, JL Kreiskott, S DePaula, RF Stan, L Groves, JR Dowden, PC TI Strongly coupled critical current density values achieved in Y1Ba2Cu3O7-delta coated conductors with near-single-crystal texture SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID BEAM-ASSISTED DEPOSITION; YBA2CU3O7-DELTA THICK-FILMS; GRAIN-BOUNDARIES; MGO TEMPLATE; BICRYSTALS; TRANSPORT; LAYERS AB One of the most intensely researched subjects in the development of YBa2Cu3O7-delta (YBCO)-based coated conductors is the methodology for achieving ever-sharper film texture on flexible metal substrates. This is a critical issue due to the intrinsic weak-link behavior that results in depressed critical current density (J(c)) in polycrystalline YBCO. Using ion-beam-assisted deposition of magnesium oxide, we have achieved YBCO texture on superalloy substrates approaching that on single-crystal oxide substrates. This advance has allowed us to fabricate coated conductor samples with J(c)s that are as high as for films on oxide crystals; for example, >2 MA/cm(2) (75 K, self-field) at a YBCO thickness of similar to1.5 mum. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Superconductiv Technol Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Foltyn, SR (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Superconductiv Technol Ctr, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Jia, Q. X./C-5194-2008; Wang, Haiyan/P-3550-2014 OI Wang, Haiyan/0000-0002-7397-1209 NR 20 TC 103 Z9 105 U1 2 U2 20 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 23 PY 2003 VL 82 IS 25 BP 4519 EP 4521 DI 10.1063/1.1584783 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 690PK UT WOS:000183557300037 ER PT J AU Silverman, KL Mirin, RP Cundiff, ST Norman, AG AF Silverman, KL Mirin, RP Cundiff, ST Norman, AG TI Direct measurement of polarization resolved transition dipole moment in InGaAs/GaAs quantum dots SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DYNAMICS; LASERS; GAIN AB The propagation of optical pulses resonant with the ground-to-excited state transition of InGaAs quantum dots is investigated. An analysis of low intensity excitation yields a dipole moment of 8.8 x 10(-29) to 10.9 x 10(-29) Cm, depending on the quantum dot growth conditions. We observe polarization of the dipole moment exclusively in the plane perpendicular to the growth direction. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Joint Inst Lab Astrophys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Silverman, KL (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. RI Cundiff, Steven/B-4974-2009; Norman, Andrew/F-1859-2010; OI Cundiff, Steven/0000-0002-7119-5197; Norman, Andrew/0000-0001-6368-521X; Mirin, Richard/0000-0002-4472-4655 NR 9 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 23 PY 2003 VL 82 IS 25 BP 4552 EP 4554 DI 10.1063/1.1584514 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 690PK UT WOS:000183557300048 ER PT J AU Bardakci, K Thorn, CB AF Bardakci, K Thorn, CB TI An improved mean field approximation on the worldsheet for planar phi(3) theory SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article ID DUAL AMPLITUDES AB We present an improved version of our earlier work on summing the planar graphs in 03 field theory. The present treatment is also based on our world sheet formalism and the mean field approximation, but it makes use of no further approximations. We derive a set of equations between the expectation values of the world sheet fields, and we investigate them in certain limits. We show that the equations can give rise to (metastable) string forming solutions. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Theoret Phys Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Florida, Inst Fundamental Theory, Dept Phys, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Bardakci, K (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. OI Thorn, Charles/0000-0002-2671-9799 NR 10 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD JUN 23 PY 2003 VL 661 IS 1-2 BP 235 EP 256 DI 10.1016/S0550-3213(03)00343-2 PG 22 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 690TQ UT WOS:000183566000012 ER PT J AU Eppink, J Hochheiser, W Watson, RL Crandell, D AF Eppink, J Hochheiser, W Watson, RL Crandell, D TI Federal lands access in the US Rockies: Is the glass 40% empty or 60% full? SO OIL & GAS JOURNAL LA English DT Article C1 Adv Resources Int Inc, Arlington, VA USA. US DOE, Washington, DC USA. Bur Land Management, Washington, DC USA. US Forest Serv, Arlington, VA USA. RP Eppink, J (reprint author), Adv Resources Int Inc, Arlington, VA USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PENNWELL PUBL CO ENERGY GROUP PI TULSA PA 1421 S SHERIDAN RD PO BOX 1260, TULSA, OK 74101 USA SN 0030-1388 J9 OIL GAS J JI Oil Gas J. PD JUN 23 PY 2003 VL 101 IS 24 BP 48 EP + PG 5 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Petroleum SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 697AB UT WOS:000183919100015 ER PT J AU Vishik, M Berman, G AF Vishik, M Berman, G TI Asymptotic theory for quantum Bose systems with many degrees of freedom SO PHYSICS LETTERS A LA English DT Article DE coherent states; Laplace asymptotics; Hamilton-Jacobi theory; caustics ID PHASE-SPACE METHODS; NONCOMMUTING OPERATORS; MECHANICS; CALCULUS; COHERENT; STATES AB We construct asymptotic expansions of Laplace type for the time-dependent quantum averages for Bose systems with many degrees of freedom, initially populated in coherent states. These solutions are localized in phase space, and they are different from the usual oscillating asymptotics for the quasi-classical wave functions. These expansions are valid on any fixed time interval, and caustics do not contribute to the asymptotics. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Texas, Dept Math, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Vishik, M (reprint author), Univ Texas, Dept Math, Austin, TX 78712 USA. NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9601 J9 PHYS LETT A JI Phys. Lett. A PD JUN 23 PY 2003 VL 313 IS 1-2 BP 37 EP 44 DI 10.1016/S0375-9601(03)00724-2 PG 8 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 693AJ UT WOS:000183692200006 ER PT J AU Shukla, AK Futrell, JH Sen, AD AF Shukla, AK Futrell, JH Sen, AD TI Dynamics of the dissociative and nondissociative scattering of hyperthermal CS2+ from a self-assembled fluoroalkyl monolayer surface on gold substrate SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID COLLISION-INDUCED DISSOCIATION; POLYATOMIC IONS; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ENERGY-TRANSFER; CROSSED-BEAM; ACTIVATION; EFFICIENCY; GRAPHITE; SIME3+ AB Dissociative and nondissociative scattering of low energy CS2+ ions from a self-assembled monolayer surface of fluorinated alkylthiol [CF3(CF2)(9)CH2CH2SH] on vapor deposited gold has been studied using a modified crossed-beam instrument. Dissociation of CS2+ ions begins at similar to30 eV ion kinetic energy, much higher than the thermochemical threshold of 4.7 eV for the lowest energy dissociation channel forming S+. This product channel is dominant up to the ion energy of similar to50 eV, the highest energy accessible by this instrument. Both inelastically scattered parent ions and product ions leave the surface with very low kinetic energies, demonstrating that most of the ions' kinetic energy is taken up by the surface rather than transferred into internal modes of recoiling ions. The scattered ion intensity maximum is found between the specular angle and the surface parallel. At all energies studied, primary ion intensity remains higher than that of fragment ions. Also, the intensity of S+ fragment ions is higher than that of CS+ fragment ions, suggesting that the distribution of internal excitation of the recoiling CS2+ ions extends only slightly above the thresholds for the two product channels. A comparison of the relative intensities of the fragment ions with those from earlier collision-induced dissociation study of the CS2+ ions with xenon suggests that only similar to6.5 and similar to7.5 eV are transferred into internal modes for 30.6 and 49.8 eV energy collisions, respectively. This is lower than the energy transferred into internal modes in the gas phase collision-induced dissociation process, for which the center-of-mass collision energy is well defined. We infer from our observations that the effective mass of the surface collision partner is much less than that of the infinite mass which would apply to scattering from the gold substrate or the mass of the monolayer surface molecule. The experimental velocity vectors of scattered primary and fragment ions reveal that their maxima follow a circle whose center falls on the ion velocity vector, away from the laboratory collision center. From this collision center, we estimate the effective mass of the surface for surface-induced dissociation to be 150 corresponding to the CF3CF2CF end group of the SAM molecular chain. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Prot Technol Inc, St Louis, MO 63102 USA. RP Shukla, AK (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 41 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUN 22 PY 2003 VL 118 IS 24 BP 11217 EP 11225 DI 10.1063/1.1574311 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 687XL UT WOS:000183402200043 ER PT J AU Marty, C Philipona, R Delamere, J Dutton, EG Michalsky, J Stamnes, K Storvold, R Stoffel, T Clough, SA Mlawer, EJ AF Marty, C Philipona, R Delamere, J Dutton, EG Michalsky, J Stamnes, K Storvold, R Stoffel, T Clough, SA Mlawer, EJ TI Downward longwave irradiance uncertainty under arctic atmospheres: Measurements and modeling SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article DE longwave radiation; pyrgeometer; MODTRAN; LBLRTM ID RADIATIVE-TRANSFER MODEL; SKY-SCANNING RADIOMETER; WATER-VAPOR; CLIMATE RESEARCH; WAVE-RADIATION; CLOUD; PYRGEOMETERS; NETWORK; FLUXES AB [1] Measurement and modeling of downward longwave irradiance are a special challenge in arctic winter due to its low water vapor content and the extreme meteorological conditions. There are questions about the representativeness of the instrument calibration, the consistency and uncertainty of measurements and models in these environments. The Second International Pyrgeometer and Absolute Sky-scanning Radiometer Comparison (IPASRC-II), which was conducted at Atmospheric Radiation Measurement ( ARM) program's North Slope of Alaska (NSA) site in Barrow provided a unique opportunity to compare high accuracy downward longwave irradiance measurements and radiative transfer model computations during arctic winter. Participants from 11 international institutions deployed 14 pyrgeometers, which were field-calibrated against the Absolute Sky-scanning Radiometer (ASR). Continuous measurements over a 10-day period in early March 2001 with frequent clear-sky conditions yielded downward longwave irradiances between 120 and 240 W m(-2). The small average difference between ASR irradiances, pyrgeometer measurements, MODTRAN and LBLRTM radiative transfer computations indicates that the absolute uncertainty of measured downward longwave irradiance under arctic winter conditions is within +/- 2 W m(-2). C1 Phys Meteorol Onserv, CH-7260 Davos, Switzerland. World Radiat Ctr, CH-7260 Davos, Switzerland. Univ Alaska, Inst Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. Atmospher & Environm Res, Lexington, MA USA. NOAA, Climate Monitoring & Diagnost Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. SUNY Albany, Atmospher Sci Res Ctr, Albany, NY 12203 USA. Stevens Inst Technol, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Marty, C (reprint author), Phys Meteorol Onserv, Dorfstr 33, CH-7260 Davos, Switzerland. EM r.philipona@pmodwrc.ch RI Marty, Christoph/D-3715-2009 OI Marty, Christoph/0000-0002-0398-6253 NR 32 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD JUN 21 PY 2003 VL 108 IS D12 AR 4358 DI 10.1029/2002JD002937 PG 12 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 693YY UT WOS:000183747000002 ER PT J AU He, X Fuerschbach, PW DebRoy, T AF He, X Fuerschbach, PW DebRoy, T TI Heat transfer and fluid flow during laser spot welding of 304 stainless steel SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ALLOYING ELEMENT VAPORIZATION; TYPE-304 STAINLESS-STEEL; METAL COMPOSITION CHANGE; POOL DEVELOPMENT; PHASE-CHANGE; GTA; CONVECTION; BEAM; SOLIDIFICATION; DISSOLUTION AB The evolution of temperature and velocity fields during laser spot welding of 304 stainless steel was studied using a transient, heat transfer and fluid flow model based on the solution of the equations of conservation of mass, momentum and energy in the weld pool. The weld pool geometry, weld thermal cycles and various solidification parameters were calculated. The fusion zone geometry, calculated from the transient heat transfer and fluid flow model, was in good agreement with the corresponding experimentally measured values for various welding conditions. Dimensional analysis was used to understand the importance of heat transfer by conduction and convection and the roles of various driving forces for convection in the weld pool. During solidification, the mushy zone grew at a rapid rate and the maximum size of the mushy zone was reached when the pure liquid region vanished. The solidification rate of the mushy zone/liquid interface was shown to increase while the temperature gradient in the liquid zone at this interface decreased as solidification of the weld pool progressed. The heating and cooling rates, temperature gradient and the solidification rate at the mushy zone/liquid interface for laser spot welding were much higher than those for the moving and spot gas tungsten arc welding. C1 Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Joining & Coating Dept, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP He, X (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RI DebRoy, Tarasankar/A-2106-2010 NR 40 TC 125 Z9 129 U1 11 U2 84 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0022-3727 J9 J PHYS D APPL PHYS JI J. Phys. D-Appl. Phys. PD JUN 21 PY 2003 VL 36 IS 12 BP 1388 EP 1398 AR PII S0022-3727(03)59453-0 DI 10.1088/0022-3727/36/12/306 PG 11 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 699ZD UT WOS:000184086900008 ER PT J AU Perl, M AF Perl, M TI Fraction man SO NEW SCIENTIST LA English DT Article C1 Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA USA. RP Perl, M (reprint author), Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU REED BUSINESS INFORMATION LTD PI SUTTON PA QUADRANT HOUSE THE QUADRANT, SUTTON SM2 5AS, SURREY, ENGLAND SN 0262-4079 J9 NEW SCI JI New Sci. PD JUN 21 PY 2003 VL 178 IS 2400 BP 44 EP 46 PG 3 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 692ZB UT WOS:000183689200042 ER PT J AU Unel, MK Tesarek, RJ AF Unel, MK Tesarek, RJ TI Beam halo monitoring at CDF SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE radiation detectors; radiation monitoring; beam monitors; beam halo and losses; tevatron, CDF AB Losses from the proton and antiproton beams of the Fermilab Tevatron have been shown to produce a halo which contribute to backgrounds to physics signals in the Collider Detector at Fermilab (CDF). To provide a measure of the beam halo and losses, we have installed arrays of scintillation counters on both sides of the CDF detector. We describe here the physical configuration of these counters, their implementation and performance within the Fermilab Accelerator Control Network (ACNET). We show correlations between these new devices and the accelerator operating conditions. We point out that the use of these monitors is leading to improvement in the accelerator operations and reduced backgrounds in CDF. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, CDF, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RP Unel, MK (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, CDF, POB 500,Mail Stop 318, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM karagozm@fnal.gov; tesarek@fnal.gov NR 9 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 EI 1872-9576 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 21 PY 2003 VL 506 IS 1-2 BP 7 EP 19 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01367-6 PG 13 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 694WK UT WOS:000183798000002 ER PT J AU Granier, T Pangault, L Ethvignot, T Haight, RC Ledoux, X Meot, V Patin, Y Pras, P Szmigiel, M Rundberg, RS Wilhelmy, JB AF Granier, T Pangault, L Ethvignot, T Haight, RC Ledoux, X Meot, V Patin, Y Pras, P Szmigiel, M Rundberg, RS Wilhelmy, JB TI Measuring neutron-induced fission cross-section of shortlived actinides using a lead neutron-slowing-down spectrometer SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE nuclear fission; neutron spectrometry; uranium; isomers; nuclear data ID LINAC AB The "lead-slowing-down-spectrometer" method is an established technique for measuring neutron-induced reaction cross-sections. It is known to provide high neutron fluences below 100 keV. In this work, the possibility of applying this method to the measurement of the neutron-induced fission cross-section of shortlived actinides and in particular of the 77 eV isomer of U-235 is investigated. Numerical simulations and a test-experiment using a photovaltaic cell fission detector demonstrate the feasibility of such a measurement at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center using 800 MeV proton-induced spallation to provide source neutrons. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 CEA, DAM Ile De France, Serv Phys Nucl, F-91680 Bruyeres Le Chatel, France. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Granier, T (reprint author), CEA, DAM Ile De France, Serv Phys Nucl, BP 12, F-91680 Bruyeres Le Chatel, France. NR 22 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 21 PY 2003 VL 506 IS 1-2 BP 149 EP 159 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01373-1 PG 11 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 694WK UT WOS:000183798000016 ER PT J AU Armstrong, DJ Phillips, MC Smith, AV AF Armstrong, DJ Phillips, MC Smith, AV TI Generation of radially polarized beams with an image-rotating resonator SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID LASER-BEAMS; LIGHT; PROPAGATION; EFFICIENCY; GRATINGS; MODES; TRAP; TE01 AB We show how a passive image-rotating optical resonator can be used to convert a linearly polarized, lowest-order Gaussian beam into a radially polarized beam., The image and polarization rotation of the cavity removes the frequency degeneracy of the modes, making it possible to select the radially polarized Mode by cavity tuning. With the addition of gain, the same cavity should operate as a radially polarized laser when injection seeded at the proper wavelength. (C) 2003 Optical Society of America. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Dept 1118, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Armstrong, DJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Dept 1118, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM arlsmit@sandia.gov NR 25 TC 37 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 3 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD JUN 20 PY 2003 VL 42 IS 18 BP 3550 EP 3554 DI 10.1364/AO.42.003550 PG 5 WC Optics SC Optics GA 692LC UT WOS:000183661700017 PM 12833959 ER PT J AU Reichardt, TA Bambha, RP Kulp, TJ Schmitt, RL AF Reichardt, TA Bambha, RP Kulp, TJ Schmitt, RL TI Frequency-locked, injection-seeded, pulsed narrowband optical parametric generator SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID STAND-OFF; OSCILLATOR; SPECTROSCOPY; METHANE; LASERS; SENSOR; LIDAR AB A frequency-locked, injection-seeded, pulsed optical parametric generator (OPG) has been developed for short-range infrared differential absorption lidar (DIAL) applications. The periodically poled lithium niobate OPG is pumped by a passively Q-switched Nd:YAG microlaser and is seeded by a distributed feedback (DFB) diode laser. The OPG is designed for DIAL measurement of a narrow R-branch transition of methane at 3.2704 mum. The output of the OPG is a two-pulse sequence with a 100-mus temporal separation between the pulses, where the first pulse is absorbed by methane and the second, pulse is not absorbed. The first pulse is actively. locked to the methane absorption feature by use of the derivative of the transmission spectrum through a reference cell. Although the device was not optimized for output power, the 3.27-mum OPG output energies of the first and second pulses are 5.5 and 5.9 muJ, respectively, producing 21 mW when operated at 1818 Hz. (C) 2003 Optical Society of America. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Reichardt, TA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 969,Mail Stop 9056, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM tareich@sandia.gov NR 21 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 7 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD JUN 20 PY 2003 VL 42 IS 18 BP 3564 EP 3569 DI 10.1364/AO.42.003564 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA 692LC UT WOS:000183661700020 PM 12833962 ER PT J AU Fragile, PC Murray, SD Anninos, P Lin, DNC AF Fragile, PC Murray, SD Anninos, P Lin, DNC TI Supernova enrichment of dwarf spheroidal galaxies SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies : dwarf; galaxies : evolution; hydrodynamics; methods : numerical; supernovae : general ID COLD DARK-MATTER; STAR-FORMATION HISTORY; DISK GALAXIES; STELLAR-SYSTEMS; SEXTANS-A; EVOLUTION; HALOS; PHOTOIONIZATION; SIMULATIONS; ABUNDANCES AB Many dwarf galaxies exhibit subsolar metallicities, with some star-to-star variation, despite often containing multiple generations of stars. The total metal content in these systems is much less than expected from the heavy-element production of massive stars in each episode of star formation. Such a deficiency implies that a substantial fraction of the enriched material has been lost from these small galaxies. Mass ejection from dwarf galaxies may have important consequences for the evolution of the intergalactic medium and for the evolution of massive galaxies, which themselves may have formed via the merger of smaller systems. We report here the results of three-dimensional simulations of the evolution of supernova-enriched gas within dwarf spheroidal galaxies (dSphs), with the aim of determining the retention efficiency of supernova ejecta. We consider two galaxy models, selected to represent opposite ends of the dSph sequence. One contains 10(6) M. of gas, and the other 5.5 x 10(6) M.. In both, the baryonic-to-dark matter ratio is assumed to be 0.1. The total binding energies of the gas in the two models are 9.8 x 10(50) and 1.6 x 10(52) ergs. For each model galaxy we investigate a number of scenarios. The simplest is a single supernova within a smooth gas distribution. We also investigate the evolution of 10 supernovae, within initially smooth gas distributions, occurring over time spans of either 10 or 100 Myr. Finally, we investigate the effects of 10 supernovae occurring over 10 Myr in a medium filled with hot "bubbles,'' such as would be expected in the presence of an initial generation of hot stars. For models with only a single supernova, no enriched material is lost from the galaxies. When multiple supernovae occur within an initially smooth gas distribution, less than one-half the enriched gas is lost from the galaxy (fractional losses range from 0% to 47%). Most of the enriched gas is lost, however, from the cores of the galaxies. In the presence of an initially disturbed gas distribution, 6% or less of the enriched gas remains in the core, and much is lost from the galaxies as a whole (47% and 71% for the larger and smaller galaxy models, respectively). If subsequent star formation occurs predominantly within the core where most of the residual gas is concentrated, then these results could explain the poor self-enrichment efficiency observed in dwarf galaxies. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Lick Observ, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. RP Fragile, PC (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Murray, Stephen/I-8685-2016 OI Murray, Stephen/0000-0001-5597-090X NR 58 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 20 PY 2003 VL 590 IS 2 BP 778 EP 790 DI 10.1086/375183 PN 1 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 688WA UT WOS:000183459200014 ER PT J AU Wang, LF Goldhaber, G Aldering, G Perlmutter, S AF Wang, LF Goldhaber, G Aldering, G Perlmutter, S TI Multicolor light curves of type Ia supernovae on the color-magnitude diagram: A novel step toward more precise distance and extinction estimates SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmological parameters; distance scale; supernovae : general ID K-CORRECTIONS; B-BAND; LUMINOSITY; LAMBDA; PHOTOMETRY; PARAMETERS; OMEGA AB We show empirically that fits to the color-magnitude relation of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) after optical maximum can provide accurate relative extragalactic distances. We report the discovery of an empirical color relation for SN Ia light curves: during much of the first month past maximum, the magnitudes of SNe Ia defined at a given value of color index have a very small magnitude dispersion; moreover, during this period the relation between B magnitude and B - V color ( or B - R or B - I color) is strikingly linear, to the accuracy of existing well-measured data. These linear relations can provide robust distance estimates, in particular, by using the magnitudes when the SN reaches a given color. After correction for light-curve stretch factor or decline rate, the dispersion of the magnitudes taken at the intercept of the linear color-magnitude relation is found to be around 0.08 mag for the subsample of SNe with (B-max - V-max) less than or equal to 0.05 mag and around 0.11 mag for the subsample with (B-max - V-max) less than or equal to 0.2 mag. This small dispersion is consistent with being mostly due to observational errors. The method presented here and the conventional light-curve fitting methods can be combined to further improve statistical dispersions of distance estimates. It can be combined with the magnitude at maximum to deduce dust extinction. The slopes of the color-magnitude relation may also be used to identify intrinsically different SN Ia systems. The method provides a tool that is fundamental to using SNe Ia to estimate cosmological parameters such as the Hubble constant and the mass and dark energy content of the universe. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Wang, LF (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 50-232,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Perlmutter, Saul/I-3505-2015 OI Perlmutter, Saul/0000-0002-4436-4661 NR 36 TC 75 Z9 76 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 20 PY 2003 VL 590 IS 2 BP 944 EP 970 DI 10.1086/375020 PN 1 PG 27 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 688WA UT WOS:000183459200029 ER PT J AU Borovsky, JE Funsten, HO AF Borovsky, JE Funsten, HO TI Role of solar wind turbulence in the coupling of the solar wind to the Earth's magnetosphere SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Review DE freestream turbulence; solar wind/magnetosphere coupling; eddy viscosity; Reynold's stress; viscous drag; astrophysical flows ID FREE-STREAM TURBULENCE; INTERPLANETARY MAGNETIC-FIELD; MHD TRANSPORT-COEFFICIENTS; TOLLMIEN-SCHLICHTING WAVES; MODERATE REYNOLDS-NUMBERS; MEAN PROFILE DEVELOPMENT; LATITUDE BOUNDARY-LAYER; FREESTREAM TURBULENCE; GEOMAGNETIC-ACTIVITY; HEAT-TRANSFER AB [1] The correlation between the amplitude of the MHD turbulence in the upstream solar wind and the amplitude of the Earth's geomagnetic activity indices AE, AU, AL, Kp, ap, Dst, and PCI is explored. The amplitude of the MHD turbulence is determined by the fluctuation amplitude of the solar wind magnetic field. This "turbulence effect'' in solar wind/magnetosphere coupling is more easily discerned when the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) is northward, but the effect is also present when the IMF is southward. The magnitude of the effect is the same for northward and southward IMF, accounting for about 150 nT of the variability of the AE index. Tests are performed that conclude (1) that the turbulence effect is not caused by the turbulence amplitude acting as a proxy for \B\ in the solar wind and (2) that reversals of the IMF from northward to southward in the turbulent fluctuations is not the cause of the correlations. An expression is derived for the total viscous-shear force on the surface of the magnetosphere; improved solar wind/magnetosphere correlations result when this expression is used. With insight from fluidflow experiments, the turbulence effect is interpreted as an enhanced viscous coupling of the solar wind flow to the Earth's magnetosphere caused by an eddy viscosity that is controlled by the amplitude of MHD turbulence in the upstream solar wind: more upstream turbulence means more momentum transfer from the magnetosheath into the magnetosphere, resulting in more stirring of the magnetosphere, which produces enhanced geomagnetic activity indices. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Space & Atmospher Sci Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Space Sci & Explorat, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Borovsky, JE (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Space & Atmospher Sci Grp, POB 1663,MS D466,NIS-1,SM-30 Bikini Atoll Rd, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Funsten, Herbert/A-5702-2015 OI Funsten, Herbert/0000-0002-6817-1039 NR 129 TC 70 Z9 70 U1 2 U2 13 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD JUN 20 PY 2003 VL 108 IS A6 AR 1246 DI 10.1029/2002JA009601 PG 25 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 696JR UT WOS:000183884300001 ER PT J AU Huang, CS Foster, JC Goncharenko, LP Sofko, GJ Borovsky, JE Rich, FJ AF Huang, CS Foster, JC Goncharenko, LP Sofko, GJ Borovsky, JE Rich, FJ TI Midlatitude ionospheric disturbances during magnetic storms and substorms SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE storms; substorms; ionospheric disturbances; middle latitude ID MAGNETOSPHERIC SUBSTORMS; MILLSTONE-HILL; F-REGION; GEOMAGNETIC DISTURBANCES; PLASMA CONVECTION; ELECTRIC-FIELDS; NEUTRAL WINDS; LOW LATITUDES; MIDDLE; MARCH AB [1] We present periodic (similar to2 hour) magnetospheric and ionospheric oscillations observed with multiple space-based and ground-based instruments during the severe magnetic storm of 25 September 1998. Periodic particle injections were observed at geosynchronous orbit. Ground magnetometers registered very large, as high as 3000 nT, magnetic deviations in the nightside auroral zone. The Millstone Hill incoherent scatter radar at magnetic latitude 55degrees measured periodic enhancements of ionospheric eastward ion velocity from midnight to similar to1000 MLT. The periodic variations in the magnetometers and Millstone Hill radar were well correlated with the magnetospheric particle injections. The observations are consistent with the occurrence of periodic magnetospheric substorms during a magnetic storm. During each substorm cycle the ionospheric auroral zone expanded to the latitude of the Millstone Hill radar, so the radar was periodically within the auroral zone and detected the auroral plasma return flows. After substorm activity stopped, the Millstone Hill radar measured near-noon in-phase periodic oscillations of the ionospheric F-region electron density and temperature, which may be due to particle precipitation from the ring current and/or plasmasphere into the midlatitude ionosphere. We suggest that magnetospheric substorms during magnetic storms have a cycle time of similar to2 hours. The magnetosphere can sustain similar oscillations for several cycles even though the substorm activity has stopped. All the observed periodic variations in the geosynchronous particle injections, in the auroral magnetic deviations, and in the ionospheric ion velocity are related to the periodic magnetospheric substorms and oscillations. C1 MIT, Haystack Observ, Westford, MA 01886 USA. Univ Saskatchewan, Inst Space & Atmospher Studies, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA. RP Huang, CS (reprint author), MIT, Haystack Observ, Route 40, Westford, MA 01886 USA. NR 40 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD JUN 20 PY 2003 VL 108 IS A6 AR 1244 DI 10.1029/2002JA009608 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 696JR UT WOS:000183884300002 ER PT J AU Protopopescu, V D'Helon, C Barhen, J AF Protopopescu, V D'Helon, C Barhen, J TI Constant-time solution to the global optimization problem using Bruschweiler's ensemble search algorithm SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A-MATHEMATICAL AND GENERAL LA English DT Article ID SPIN LIOUVILLE SPACE; QUANTUM; REALIZATION AB A constant-time solution of the continuous global optimization problem (GOP) is obtained by using an ensemble algorithm. We show that under certain assumptions, the solution can be guaranteed by mapping the GOP onto a discrete unsorted search problem, whereupon Bruschweiler's ensemble search algorithm is applied. For adequate sensitivities of the measurement technique, the query complexity of the ensemble search algorithm depends linearly on the size of the function's domain. Advantages and limitations of an eventual NMR implementation are discussed. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Engn Syst Adv Res, Div Math & Comp Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Protopopescu, V (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Engn Syst Adv Res, Div Math & Comp Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM protopopesva@ornl.gov NR 26 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0305-4470 J9 J PHYS A-MATH GEN JI J. Phys. A-Math. Gen. PD JUN 20 PY 2003 VL 36 IS 24 BP L399 EP L407 AR PII S0305-4470(03)62517-5 DI 10.1088/0305-4470/36/24/104 PG 9 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 700EX UT WOS:000184100600004 ER PT J AU Aubert, B Barate, R Boutigny, D Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Robbe, P Tisserand, V Zghiche, A Palano, A Pompili, A Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Ofte, I Stugu, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Charles, E Day, CT Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kral, JF Kukartsev, G LeClerc, C Levi, ME Lynch, G Mir, LM Oddone, PJ Orimoto, TJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Romosan, A Ronan, MT Shelkov, VG Telnov, AV Wenzel, WA Ford, K Harrison, TJ Hawkes, CM Knowles, DJ Morgan, SE Penny, RC Watson, AT Watson, NK Deppermann, T Goetzen, K Koch, H Lewandowski, B Pelizaeus, M Peters, K Schmuecker, H Steinke, M Barlow, NR Boyd, JT Chevalier, N Cottingham, WN Kelly, MP Latham, TE Mackay, C Wilson, FF Abe, K Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T Hearty, C Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Kyberd, P McKemey, AK Blinov, VE Bukin, AD Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Solodov, EP Yushkov, AN Best, D Chao, M Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M McMahon, S Mommsen, RK Roethel, W Stoker, DP Buchanan, C del Re, D Hadavand, HK Hill, EJ MacFarlane, DB Paar, HP Rahatlou, S Schwanke, U Sharma, V Berryhill, JW Campagnari, C Dahmes, B Kuznetsova, N Levy, SL Long, O Lu, A Mazur, MA Richman, JD Verkerke, W Beck, TW Beringer, J Eisner, AM Heusch, CA Lockman, WS Schalk, T Schmitz, RE Schumm, BA Seiden, A Turri, M Walkowiak, W Williams, DC Wilson, MG Albert, J Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Hitlin, DG Narsky, I Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Yang, S Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Abe, T Barillari, T Blanc, F Bloom, P Clark, PJ Ford, WT Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Rankin, P Roy, J Smith, JG van Hoek, WC Zhang, L Harton, JL Hu, T Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Zhang, J Altenburg, D Brandt, T Brose, J Colberg, T Dickopp, M Dubitzky, RS Hauke, A Lacker, HM Maly, E Muller-Pfefferkorn, R Nogowski, R Otto, S Schubert, KR Schwierz, R Spaan, B Wilden, L Bernard, D Bonneaud, GR Brochard, F Cohen-Tanugi, J Thiebaux, C Vasileiadis, G Verderi, M Khan, A Lavin, D Muheim, F Playfer, S Swain, JE Tinslay, J Andreotti, M Bettoni, D Bozzi, C Calabrese, R Cibinetto, G Luppi, E Negrini, M Piemontese, L Sarti, A Treadwell, E Anulli, F Baldini-Ferroli, R Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Falciai, D Finocchiaro, G Patteri, P Peruzzi, IM Piccolo, M Zallo, A Buzzo, A Contri, R Crosetti, G Lo Vetere, M Macri, M Monge, MR Passaggio, S Pastore, FC Patrignani, C Robutti, E Santroni, A Tosi, S Bailey, S Morii, M Aspinwall, ML Bhimji, W Bowerman, DA Dauncey, PD Egede, U Eschrich, I Morton, GW Nash, JA Sanders, P Taylor, GP Grenier, GJ Lee, SJ Mallik, U Cochran, J Crawley, HB Lamsa, J Meyer, WT Prell, S Rosenberg, EI Yi, J Davier, M Grosdidier, G Hocker, A Laplace, S Le Diberder, F Lepeltier, V Lutz, AM Petersen, TC Plaszczynski, S Schune, MH Tantot, L Wormser, G Brigljevic, V Cheng, CH Lange, DJ Wright, DM Bevan, AJ Coleman, JP Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R Kay, M Parry, RJ Payne, DJ Sloane, RJ Touramanis, C Back, JJ Harrison, PF Shorthouse, HW Strother, P Vidal, PB Brown, CL Cowan, G Flack, RL Flaecher, HU George, S Green, MG Kurup, A Marker, CE McMahon, TR Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Vaitsas, G Winter, MA Brown, D Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, RJ Forti, AC Hart, PA Jackson, F Lafferty, GD Lyon, AJ Weatherall, JH Williams, JC Farbin, A Jawahery, A Kovalskyi, D Lae, CK Lillard, V Roberts, DA Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Flood, KT Hertzbach, SS Kofler, R Koptchev, VB Moore, TB Saremi, S Staengle, H Willocq, S Cowan, R Sciolla, G Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Mangeol, DJJ Milek, M Patel, PM Lazzaro, A Palombo, F Bauer, JM Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Godang, R Kroeger, R Reidy, J Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Zhao, HW Hast, C Taras, P Nicholson, H Cartaro, C Cavallo, N De Nardo, G Fabozzi, F Gatto, C Lista, L Paolucci, P Piccolo, D Sciacca, C Baak, MA Raven, G LoSecco, JM Gabriel, TA Brau, B Pulliam, T Brau, J Frey, R Potter, CT Sinev, NB Strom, D Torrence, E Colecchia, F Dorigo, A Galeazzi, F Margoni, M Morandin, M Posocco, M Rotondo, M Simonetto, F Stroili, R Tiozzo, G Voci, C Benayoun, M Briand, H Chauveau, J David, P de la Vaissiere, C Del Buono, L Hamon, O John, MJJ Leruste, P Ocariz, J Pivk, M Roos, L Stark, J T'Jampens, S Manfredi, PF Re, V Gladney, L Guo, QH Panetta, J Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bondioli, M Bucci, F Calderini, G Carpinelli, M Forti, F Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Marchiori, G Martinez-Vidal, F Morganti, M Neri, N Paoloni, E Rama, M Rizzo, G Sandrelli, F Walsh, J Haire, M Judd, D Paick, K Wagoner, DE Danielson, N Elmer, P Lu, C Miftakov, V Olsen, J Smith, AJS Varnes, EW Bellini, F Cavoto, G Faccini, R Ferrarotto, F Ferroni, F Gaspero, M Mazzoni, MA Morganti, S Pierini, M Piredda, G Tehrani, FS Voena, C Christ, S Wagner, G Waldi, R Adye, T De Groot, N Franek, B Geddes, NI Gopal, GP Olaiya, EO Xella, SM Aleksan, R Emery, S Gaidot, A Ganzhur, SF Giraud, PF de Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Langer, M London, GW Mayer, B Schott, G Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Purohit, MV Weidemann, AW Yumiceva, FX Aston, D Bartelt, J Bartoldus, R Berger, N Boyarski, AM Buchmueller, OL Convery, MR Coupal, DP Dong, D Dorfan, J Dujmic, D Dunwoodie, W Field, RC Glanzman, T Gowdy, SJ Grauges-Pous, E Hadig, T Halyo, V Hryn'ova, T Innes, WR Jessop, CP Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Langenegger, U Leith, DWGS Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Marsiske, H Menke, S Messner, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Ozcan, VE Perazzo, A Perl, M Petrak, S Ratcliff, BN Robertson, SH Roodman, A Salnikov, AA Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Simi, G Snyder, A Soha, A Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Tanaka, HA Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weaver, M Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Wright, DH Young, CC Burchat, PR Edwards, AJ Meyer, TI Roat, C Ahmed, S Alam, MS Ernst, JA Saleem, M Wappler, FR Bugg, W Krishnamurthy, M Spanier, SM Eckmann, R Kim, H Ritchie, JL Schwitters, RF Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Ye, S Bianchi, F Bona, M Gallo, F Gamba, D Borean, C Bosisio, L Della Ricca, G Dittongo, S Grancagnolo, S Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vitale, L Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Banerjee, S Brown, CM Fortin, D Jackson, PD Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Band, HR Dasu, S Datta, M Eichenbaum, AM Hu, H Johnson, JR Kutter, PE Li, H Liu, R Di Lodovico, F Mihalyi, A Mohapatra, AK Pan, Y Prepost, R Sekula, SJ von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, J Wu, SL Yu, Z Neal, H AF Aubert, B Barate, R Boutigny, D Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Robbe, P Tisserand, V Zghiche, A Palano, A Pompili, A Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Ofte, I Stugu, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Charles, E Day, CT Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kral, JF Kukartsev, G LeClerc, C Levi, ME Lynch, G Mir, LM Oddone, PJ Orimoto, TJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Romosan, A Ronan, MT Shelkov, VG Telnov, AV Wenzel, WA Ford, K Harrison, TJ Hawkes, CM Knowles, DJ Morgan, SE Penny, RC Watson, AT Watson, NK Deppermann, T Goetzen, K Koch, H Lewandowski, B Pelizaeus, M Peters, K Schmuecker, H Steinke, M Barlow, NR Boyd, JT Chevalier, N Cottingham, WN Kelly, MP Latham, TE Mackay, C Wilson, FF Abe, K Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T Hearty, C Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Kyberd, P McKemey, AK Blinov, VE Bukin, AD Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Solodov, EP Yushkov, AN Best, D Chao, M Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M McMahon, S Mommsen, RK Roethel, W Stoker, DP Buchanan, C del Re, D Hadavand, HK Hill, EJ MacFarlane, DB Paar, HP Rahatlou, S Schwanke, U Sharma, V Berryhill, JW Campagnari, C Dahmes, B Kuznetsova, N Levy, SL Long, O Lu, A Mazur, MA Richman, JD Verkerke, W Beck, TW Beringer, J Eisner, AM Heusch, CA Lockman, WS Schalk, T Schmitz, RE Schumm, BA Seiden, A Turri, M Walkowiak, W Williams, DC Wilson, MG Albert, J Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Hitlin, DG Narsky, I Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Yang, S Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Abe, T Barillari, T Blanc, F Bloom, P Clark, PJ Ford, WT Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Rankin, P Roy, J Smith, JG van Hoek, WC Zhang, L Harton, JL Hu, T Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Zhang, J Altenburg, D Brandt, T Brose, J Colberg, T Dickopp, M Dubitzky, RS Hauke, A Lacker, HM Maly, E Muller-Pfefferkorn, R Nogowski, R Otto, S Schubert, KR Schwierz, R Spaan, B Wilden, L Bernard, D Bonneaud, GR Brochard, F Cohen-Tanugi, J Thiebaux, C Vasileiadis, G Verderi, M Khan, A Lavin, D Muheim, F Playfer, S Swain, JE Tinslay, J Andreotti, M Bettoni, D Bozzi, C Calabrese, R Cibinetto, G Luppi, E Negrini, M Piemontese, L Sarti, A Treadwell, E Anulli, F Baldini-Ferroli, R Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Falciai, D Finocchiaro, G Patteri, P Peruzzi, IM Piccolo, M Zallo, A Buzzo, A Contri, R Crosetti, G Lo Vetere, M Macri, M Monge, MR Passaggio, S Pastore, FC Patrignani, C Robutti, E Santroni, A Tosi, S Bailey, S Morii, M Aspinwall, ML Bhimji, W Bowerman, DA Dauncey, PD Egede, U Eschrich, I Morton, GW Nash, JA Sanders, P Taylor, GP Grenier, GJ Lee, SJ Mallik, U Cochran, J Crawley, HB Lamsa, J Meyer, WT Prell, S Rosenberg, EI Yi, J Davier, M Grosdidier, G Hocker, A Laplace, S Le Diberder, F Lepeltier, V Lutz, AM Petersen, TC Plaszczynski, S Schune, MH Tantot, L Wormser, G Brigljevic, V Cheng, CH Lange, DJ Wright, DM Bevan, AJ Coleman, JP Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R Kay, M Parry, RJ Payne, DJ Sloane, RJ Touramanis, C Back, JJ Harrison, PF Shorthouse, HW Strother, P Vidal, PB Brown, CL Cowan, G Flack, RL Flaecher, HU George, S Green, MG Kurup, A Marker, CE McMahon, TR Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Vaitsas, G Winter, MA Brown, D Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, RJ Forti, AC Hart, PA Jackson, F Lafferty, GD Lyon, AJ Weatherall, JH Williams, JC Farbin, A Jawahery, A Kovalskyi, D Lae, CK Lillard, V Roberts, DA Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Flood, KT Hertzbach, SS Kofler, R Koptchev, VB Moore, TB Saremi, S Staengle, H Willocq, S Cowan, R Sciolla, G Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Mangeol, DJJ Milek, M Patel, PM Lazzaro, A Palombo, F Bauer, JM Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Godang, R Kroeger, R Reidy, J Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Zhao, HW Hast, C Taras, P Nicholson, H Cartaro, C Cavallo, N De Nardo, G Fabozzi, F Gatto, C Lista, L Paolucci, P Piccolo, D Sciacca, C Baak, MA Raven, G LoSecco, JM Gabriel, TA Brau, B Pulliam, T Brau, J Frey, R Potter, CT Sinev, NB Strom, D Torrence, E Colecchia, F Dorigo, A Galeazzi, F Margoni, M Morandin, M Posocco, M Rotondo, M Simonetto, F Stroili, R Tiozzo, G Voci, C Benayoun, M Briand, H Chauveau, J David, P de la Vaissiere, C Del Buono, L Hamon, O John, MJJ Leruste, P Ocariz, J Pivk, M Roos, L Stark, J T'Jampens, S Manfredi, PF Re, V Gladney, L Guo, QH Panetta, J Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bondioli, M Bucci, F Calderini, G Carpinelli, M Forti, F Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Marchiori, G Martinez-Vidal, F Morganti, M Neri, N Paoloni, E Rama, M Rizzo, G Sandrelli, F Walsh, J Haire, M Judd, D Paick, K Wagoner, DE Danielson, N Elmer, P Lu, C Miftakov, V Olsen, J Smith, AJS Varnes, EW Bellini, F Cavoto, G Faccini, R Ferrarotto, F Ferroni, F Gaspero, M Mazzoni, MA Morganti, S Pierini, M Piredda, G Tehrani, FS Voena, C Christ, S Wagner, G Waldi, R Adye, T De Groot, N Franek, B Geddes, NI Gopal, GP Olaiya, EO Xella, SM Aleksan, R Emery, S Gaidot, A Ganzhur, SF Giraud, PF de Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Langer, M London, GW Mayer, B Schott, G Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Purohit, MV Weidemann, AW Yumiceva, FX Aston, D Bartelt, J Bartoldus, R Berger, N Boyarski, AM Buchmueller, OL Convery, MR Coupal, DP Dong, D Dorfan, J Dujmic, D Dunwoodie, W Field, RC Glanzman, T Gowdy, SJ Grauges-Pous, E Hadig, T Halyo, V Hryn'ova, T Innes, WR Jessop, CP Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Langenegger, U Leith, DWGS Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Marsiske, H Menke, S Messner, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Ozcan, VE Perazzo, A Perl, M Petrak, S Ratcliff, BN Robertson, SH Roodman, A Salnikov, AA Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Simi, G Snyder, A Soha, A Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Tanaka, HA Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weaver, M Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Wright, DH Young, CC Burchat, PR Edwards, AJ Meyer, TI Roat, C Ahmed, S Alam, MS Ernst, JA Saleem, M Wappler, FR Bugg, W Krishnamurthy, M Spanier, SM Eckmann, R Kim, H Ritchie, JL Schwitters, RF Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Ye, S Bianchi, F Bona, M Gallo, F Gamba, D Borean, C Bosisio, L Della Ricca, G Dittongo, S Grancagnolo, S Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vitale, L Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Banerjee, S Brown, CM Fortin, D Jackson, PD Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Band, HR Dasu, S Datta, M Eichenbaum, AM Hu, H Johnson, JR Kutter, PE Li, H Liu, R Di Lodovico, F Mihalyi, A Mohapatra, AK Pan, Y Prepost, R Sekula, SJ von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, J Wu, SL Yu, Z Neal, H CA BABAR Collaboration TI Observation of a narrow meson state decaying to D-s(+)pi(0) at a mass of 2.32 GeV/c(2) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-QUARK; SPECTROSCOPY; ANNIHILATION AB We have observed a narrow state near 2.32 GeV/c(2) in the inclusive D(s)(+)pi(0) invariant mass distribution from e(+)e(-) annihilation data at energies near 10.6 GeV. The observed width is consistent with the experimental resolution. The small intrinsic width and the quantum numbers of the final state indicate that the decay violates isospin conservation. The state has natural spin-parity and the low mass suggests a J(P)=0(+) assignment. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 91 fb(-1) recorded by the BABAR detector at the SLAC PEP-II asymmetric-energy e(+)e(-) storage ring. C1 Phys Particules Lab, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. Univ Bari, Dipartmento Fis, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Univ Bergen, Inst Phys, N-5007 Bergen, Norway. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. Ruhr Univ Bochum, Inst Expt Phys 1, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. Univ Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. Brunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England. Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Kern & Teilchenphys, D-01062 Dresden, Germany. Ecole Polytech, LLR, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. Univ Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Midlothian, Scotland. Univ Ferrara, Dipartmento Fis, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Florida A&M Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32307 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Genoa, Dipartimento Fis, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London SW7 2BW, England. Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Lab Accelerateur Lineaire, F-91898 Orsay, France. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. Univ London Queen Mary Coll, London E1 4NS, England. Univ London Royal Holloway & Bedford New Coll, Egham TW20 0EX, Surrey, England. Univ Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. Univ Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. MIT, Nucl Sci Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA. Univ Montreal, Lab Rene JA Levesque, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. Mt Holyoke Coll, S Hadley, MA 01075 USA. Univ Naples, Dipartimento Sci Fis, I-80126 Naples, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-80126 Naples, Italy. Natl Inst Nucl Phys & High Energy Phys, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Univ Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Univ Paris 06, Lab Phys Nucl HE, F-75252 Paris, France. Univ Paris 07, Lab Phys Nucl HE, F-75252 Paris, France. Univ Pavia, Dipartimento Elettr, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis, Scuola Normale Super, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. Prairie View A&M Univ, Prairie View, TX 77446 USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Univ Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. DAPNIA, Commissariat Energie Atom Saclay, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. SUNY Albany, Albany, NY 12222 USA. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Univ Texas, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Sperimentale, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Univ Trieste, Dipartmento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Univ Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6, Canada. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. RP Aubert, B (reprint author), Phys Particules Lab, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. RI Peters, Klaus/C-2728-2008; de Groot, Nicolo/A-2675-2009; Lista, Luca/C-5719-2008; Bellini, Fabio/D-1055-2009; Roe, Natalie/A-8798-2012; Neri, Nicola/G-3991-2012; Forti, Francesco/H-3035-2011; Rotondo, Marcello/I-6043-2012; de Sangro, Riccardo/J-2901-2012; Sarti, Alessio/I-2833-2012; Cavallo, Nicola/F-8913-2012; Negrini, Matteo/C-8906-2014; Patrignani, Claudia/C-5223-2009; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Di Lodovico, Francesca/L-9109-2016; Calcaterra, Alessandro/P-5260-2015; Frey, Raymond/E-2830-2016; Monge, Maria Roberta/G-9127-2012; Luppi, Eleonora/A-4902-2015; Kravchenko, Evgeniy/F-5457-2015; Calabrese, Roberto/G-4405-2015; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/G-7212-2015; Martinez Vidal, F*/L-7563-2014; Kolomensky, Yury/I-3510-2015; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/J-5049-2012; Grancagnolo, Sergio/J-3957-2015; Lusiani, Alberto/N-2976-2015; Lusiani, Alberto/A-3329-2016; Morandin, Mauro/A-3308-2016 OI Peters, Klaus/0000-0001-7133-0662; Bellini, Fabio/0000-0002-2936-660X; Neri, Nicola/0000-0002-6106-3756; Forti, Francesco/0000-0001-6535-7965; Rotondo, Marcello/0000-0001-5704-6163; de Sangro, Riccardo/0000-0002-3808-5455; Sarti, Alessio/0000-0001-5419-7951; Negrini, Matteo/0000-0003-0101-6963; Patrignani, Claudia/0000-0002-5882-1747; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Di Lodovico, Francesca/0000-0003-3952-2175; Calcaterra, Alessandro/0000-0003-2670-4826; Frey, Raymond/0000-0003-0341-2636; Mackay, Catherine/0000-0003-4252-6740; Raven, Gerhard/0000-0002-2897-5323; Monge, Maria Roberta/0000-0003-1633-3195; Luppi, Eleonora/0000-0002-1072-5633; Calabrese, Roberto/0000-0002-1354-5400; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/0000-0002-4276-715X; Martinez Vidal, F*/0000-0001-6841-6035; Kolomensky, Yury/0000-0001-8496-9975; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/0000-0002-6520-4480; Grancagnolo, Sergio/0000-0001-8490-8304; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Morandin, Mauro/0000-0003-4708-4240 NR 11 TC 518 Z9 522 U1 2 U2 28 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 20 PY 2003 VL 90 IS 24 AR 242001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.242001 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 692CM UT WOS:000183642800009 PM 12857188 ER PT J AU Berciu, M Janko, B AF Berciu, M Janko, B TI Nanoscale Zeeman localization of charge carriers in diluted magnetic semiconductor-permalloy hybrids SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article AB We investigate the possibility of charge carrier localization in magnetic semiconductors due to the presence of a highly inhomogeneous external magnetic field. As an example, we study in detail the properties of a magnetic semiconductor-permalloy disk hybrid system. We find that the giant Zeeman response of the magnetic semiconductor in conjunction with the highly nonuniform magnetic field created by the vortex state of a permalloy disk can lead to Zeeman localized states at the interface of the two materials. These trapped states are chiral, with chirality controlled by the orientation of the core magnetization of the permalloy disk. We calculate the energy spectrum and the eigenstates of these Zeeman localized states, and discuss their experimental signatures in spectroscopic probes. C1 Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. RP Berciu, M (reprint author), Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. RI Berciu, Mona/O-4889-2014 NR 18 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 20 PY 2003 VL 90 IS 24 AR 246804 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.246804 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 692CM UT WOS:000183642800034 PM 12857213 ER PT J AU Burdman, G Perelstein, M Pierce, A AF Burdman, G Perelstein, M Pierce, A TI Large Hadron Collider tests of the little Higgs model SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article AB The little Higgs model provides an alternative to traditional candidates for new physics at the TeV scale. The new heavy gauge bosons predicted by this model should be observable at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC). We discuss how the LHC experiments could test the little Higgs model by studying the production and decay of these particles. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Theory Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Theoret Phys Grp, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Theory Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Burdman, Gustavo/D-3285-2012 NR 9 TC 101 Z9 101 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 20 PY 2003 VL 90 IS 24 AR 241802 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.241802 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 692CM UT WOS:000183642800008 PM 12857187 ER PT J AU Canton, SE Yencha, AJ Kukk, E Bozek, JD Lopes, MCA Snell, G Berrah, N AF Canton, SE Yencha, AJ Kukk, E Bozek, JD Lopes, MCA Snell, G Berrah, N TI Comment on "Experimental evidence of a dynamic Jahn-Teller effect in C-60(+)" - Reply SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Western Michigan Univ, Dept Phys, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, ALS, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. SUNY Albany, Dept Chem, Albany, NY 12222 USA. Univ Oulu, Dept Phys Sci, FIN-90014 Oulu, Finland. Univ Fed Juiz Fora, ICE, Dept Fis, BR-36036330 Juiz De Fora, MG, Brazil. RP Canton, SE (reprint author), Western Michigan Univ, Dept Phys, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA. RI Bozek, John/E-4689-2010; Bozek, John/E-9260-2010; Canton, Sophie/A-8432-2016 OI Bozek, John/0000-0001-7486-7238; NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 20 PY 2003 VL 90 IS 24 AR 249602 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.249602 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 692CM UT WOS:000183642800056 ER PT J AU Chau, R Mitchell, AC Minich, RW Nellis, WJ AF Chau, R Mitchell, AC Minich, RW Nellis, WJ TI Metallization of fluid nitrogen and the Mott transition in highly compressed low-Z fluids SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GPA 1.4 MBAR; ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; METAL TRANSITION; HYDROGEN; EQUATION; STATE AB Electrical conductivities are reported for degenerate fluid nitrogen at pressures up to 180 GPa (1.8 Mbar) and temperatures of similar to7000 K. These extreme quasi-isentropic conditions were achieved with multiple-shock compression generated with a two-stage light-gas gun. Nitrogen undergoes a nonmetal-metal transition at 120 GPa, probably in the monatomic state. These N data and previous conductivity data for H, O, Cs, and Rb are used to develop a general picture of the systematics of the nonmetal-metal transition in these fluids. Specifically, the density dependences of electrical conductivities in the semiconducting fluid are well correlated with the radial extent of the electronic charge-density distributions of H, N, O, Cs, and Rb atoms. These new data for N scale with previous data for O, as expected from their similar charge-density distributions. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Chau, R (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 25 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 20 PY 2003 VL 90 IS 24 AR 245501 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.245501 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 692CM UT WOS:000183642800020 PM 12857199 ER PT J AU Hamilton, JC Siegel, DJ Daruka, I Leonard, F AF Hamilton, JC Siegel, DJ Daruka, I Leonard, F TI Why do grain boundaries exhibit finite facet lengths? SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL CALCULATIONS; PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; ALUMINUM AB Uniform finite facets are frequently observed at grain boundaries (GBs) and are usually attributed to equilibrium stabilization by GB stress. We report calculations for an aluminum twin GB using density functional theory, the embedded-atom method, and continuum elasticity theory. These methods show that GB stress is much too small to stabilize finite facets, suggesting that the usual explanation is incorrect. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RI Siegel, Donald/B-4048-2013 OI Siegel, Donald/0000-0001-7913-2513 NR 19 TC 18 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 20 PY 2003 VL 90 IS 24 AR 246102 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.246102 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 692CM UT WOS:000183642800025 PM 12857204 ER PT J AU Hastings, MB Reichhardt, CJO Reichhardt, C AF Hastings, MB Reichhardt, CJO Reichhardt, C TI Ratchet cellular automata SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SUPERCONDUCTING FILMS; REGULAR ARRAY; MAGNETIC DOTS; DEFECTS; LATTICE; STATES AB In this work we propose a ratchet effect which provides a general means of performing clocked logic operations on discrete particles, such as single electrons or vortices. The states are propagated through the device by the use of an applied ac drive. We numerically demonstrate that a complete logic architecture is realizable using this ratchet. We consider specific nanostructured superconducting geometries using superconducting materials under an applied magnetic field, with the positions of the individual vortices in samples acting as the logic states. These devices can be used as the building blocks for an alternative microelectronic architecture. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Div T 12, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 27 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 20 PY 2003 VL 90 IS 24 AR 247004 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.247004 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 692CM UT WOS:000183642800039 PM 12857218 ER PT J AU Langanke, K Martinez-Pinedo, G Sampaio, JM Dean, DJ Hix, WR Messer, OEB Mezzacappa, A Liebendorfer, M Janka, HT Rampp, M AF Langanke, K Martinez-Pinedo, G Sampaio, JM Dean, DJ Hix, WR Messer, OEB Mezzacappa, A Liebendorfer, M Janka, HT Rampp, M TI Electron capture rates on nuclei and implications for stellar core collapse SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID WEAK-INTERACTION RATES; INTERMEDIATE-MASS NUCLEI; BOLTZMANN NEUTRINO TRANSPORT; GAMOW-TELLER STRENGTH; EQUATION-OF-STATE; SHELL NUCLEI; RATE TABLES; SUPERNOVAE; MODEL; ENVIRONMENTS AB Supernova simulations to date have assumed that during core collapse electron captures occur dominantly on free protons, while captures on heavy nuclei are Pauli blocked and are ignored. We have calculated rates for electron capture on nuclei with mass numbers A=65-112 for the temperatures and densities appropriate for core collapse. We find that these rates are large enough so that, in contrast to previous assumptions, electron capture on nuclei dominates over capture on free protons. This leads to significant changes in core collapse simulations. C1 Aarhus Univ, Inst Phys & Astron, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. Inst Estudis Espacials Catalunya, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain. Lluis Co 23, Inst Catalana Recerca & Estudis Avancats, E-08010 Barcelona, Spain. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Joint Inst Heavy Ion Res, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Max Planck Inst Astrophys, D-85741 Garching, Germany. RP Aarhus Univ, Inst Phys & Astron, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. RI Messer, Bronson/G-1848-2012; Hix, William/E-7896-2011; Martinez-Pinedo, Gabriel/A-1915-2013; Sampaio, Jorge/M-4750-2013; Mezzacappa, Anthony/B-3163-2017 OI Messer, Bronson/0000-0002-5358-5415; Hix, William/0000-0002-9481-9126; Martinez-Pinedo, Gabriel/0000-0002-3825-0131; Sampaio, Jorge/0000-0003-4359-493X; Mezzacappa, Anthony/0000-0001-9816-9741 NR 30 TC 165 Z9 166 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 20 PY 2003 VL 90 IS 24 AR 241102 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.241102 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 692CM UT WOS:000183642800003 PM 12857182 ER PT J AU Moody, JD Williams, EA Glenzer, SH Young, PE Hawreliak, J Gouveia, A Wark, JS AF Moody, JD Williams, EA Glenzer, SH Young, PE Hawreliak, J Gouveia, A Wark, JS TI Investigation of the onset and development of forward scattering in an underdense plasma SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SCALE-LENGTH PLASMAS; LASER-BEAMS; BRILLOUIN-SCATTERING; STIMULATED BRILLOUIN; THOMSON SCATTERING; FUSION PLASMAS; FILAMENTATION; RAMAN AB We investigate the distortion of a spatial intensity modulation imposed on a 527 nm f/10 probe beam as it transmits through an underdense plasma characterized with Thomson scattering. Combining the measurements with full wave simulations of beam propagation through the entire plasma show that the key features of the data can be reproduced using the Kaiser thermal transport model. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Clarendon Lab, Oxford OX1 3PU, England. RP Moody, JD (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 15 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 20 PY 2003 VL 90 IS 24 AR 245001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.245001 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 692CM UT WOS:000183642800015 PM 12857194 ER PT J AU Bolan, NS Khan, MA Donaldson, J Adriano, DC Matthew, C AF Bolan, NS Khan, MA Donaldson, J Adriano, DC Matthew, C TI Distribution and bioavailability of copper in farm effluent SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE bioavailability; copper; dairy cows; farm effluent; growth promoter; lameness; piggery units; swine ID ENRICHED SWINE MANURE; POULTRY LITTER; PIG-MANURE; LAND APPLICATION; BROILER LITTER; HOG MANURE; SOIL; ZINC; AVAILABILITY; DAIRY AB Effluent and sludge samples from a number of dairy and piggery units in the North Island of New Zealand were collected and analysed for free ionic-copper (Cu2+) and organically-complexed Cu. The bioavailability of sludge-Cu was examined using microbial respiration and plant growth experiments. Microbial respiration was measured at various levels of Cu (0-1000 mg kg(-1)), added as copper sulfate (CuSO4) and sludge-Cu, using a Gilson differential respirometer. A glass house experiment was conducted to examine the transformation of Cu in soils and its subsequent uptake by ryegrass pasture. Three Cu sources were used that included fast-release CuSO4, slow-release copper oxide (CuO) and Cu-enriched sludge. The pasture samples were analysed for Cu concentration. The transformation of Cu in the soil was monitored by analysing the soil samples for various fractions of Cu. The effluent and sludge samples collected from farms which regularly used Cu to treat lameness in dairy cattle and as a growth promoter in swine contained higher concentration of Cu. The total Cu concentration ranged from similar to0.1 to 1.55 mg l(-1) and from 0.5 to 10.5 mg l(-1) in the piggery and diary effluent, respectively. The corresponding values for the sludge samples were 3.0-526 and 25-105 mg kg(-1). Most of the Cu in both the effluent and solid sludge material was organically complexed. The respiration measurements indicated that sludge-Cu was less toxic to soil microbial activity than CuSO4. The results from the glass house experiment indicated that increasing the level of Cu applied through fertilisers and sludge increased Cu concentration in plants. At the same rate of application, plants took up less Cu from sludge and CuO than from CuSO4. There was, however, a greater translocation of Cu from root to shoot at the highest rate of Cu through sludge application. The Cu fractionation study indicated that there was greater accumulation of organic bound Cu in the sludge-treated soil than the fertiliser-treated soil. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Massey Univ, Soil & Earth Sci Grp, Inst Nat Resources, Palmerston North, New Zealand. Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. RP Bolan, NS (reprint author), Massey Univ, Soil & Earth Sci Grp, Inst Nat Resources, Palmerston North, New Zealand. RI Bolan, Nanthi/E-8535-2011 OI Bolan, Nanthi/0000-0003-2056-1692 NR 51 TC 55 Z9 70 U1 1 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD JUN 20 PY 2003 VL 309 IS 1-3 BP 225 EP 236 DI 10.1016/S0048-9697(03)00052-4 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 695VJ UT WOS:000183850800019 PM 12798106 ER PT J AU Mattsson, TR Swartzentruber, BS Stumpf, R Feibelman, PJ AF Mattsson, TR Swartzentruber, BS Stumpf, R Feibelman, PJ TI Electric field effects on surface dynamics: Si ad-dimer diffusion and rotation on Si(001) SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE silicon; surface diffusion; density functional calculations; scanning tunneling microscopy ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; PIECEWISE DIFFUSION; EXCHANGE; PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; PT(001); ATOMS AB Density functional calculations show that the electric field effect on Si ad-dimer diffusion on Si(0 0 1) is largely a reflection of the position dependence of the ad-dimer's dipole moment. Surface diffusion barriers' dependence on perpendicular electric fields can be used to discriminate between diffusion mechanisms. Since the previously accepted mechanism for ad-dimer diffusion on Si(0 0 1) has the opposite field dependence to what is observed, it cannot be the one that dominates mass-transport. We identify an alternate process, with a similar barrier at zero electric field and field dependence in agreement with measurements. For rotation, calculations to date show linear field dependence, in contrast to experiments. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Surface & Interface Sci Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Motorola Labs, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Sandia Natl Labs, Surface & Interface Sci Dept, MS 1415, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM tkmatts@sandia.gov RI Mattsson, Thomas/B-6057-2009 NR 30 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 EI 1879-2758 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD JUN 20 PY 2003 VL 536 IS 1-3 BP 121 EP 129 DI 10.1016/S0039-6028(03)00565-X PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 693DF UT WOS:000183699500018 ER PT J AU Shanklin, J Whittle, E AF Shanklin, J Whittle, E TI Evidence linking the Pseudomonas oleovorans alkane omega-hydroxylase, an integral membrane diiron enzyme, and the fatty acid desaturase family SO FEBS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE alkane omega-hydroxylase; oxygenase; EC 1.14.15.3; desaturase; cytochrome P450 ID SITE-DIRECTED MUTAGENESIS; STEAROYL-COA DESATURASE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; XYLENE MONOOXYGENASE; HISTIDINE-RESIDUES; ELECTRON CARRIER; ARABIDOPSIS FAD2; OXO PROTEINS; GENE; EXPRESSION AB Pseudomonas oleovorans alkane omega-hydroxylase (AlkB) is an integral membrane diiron enzyme that shares a requirement for iron and oxygen for activity in a manner similar to that of the non-heme integral membrane desaturases, epoxidases, acetylenases, conjugases, ketolases, decarbonylase and methyl oxidases. No overall sequence similarity is detected between AlkB and these desaturase-like enzymes by computer algorithms; however, they do contain a series of histidine residues in a similar relative positioning with respect to hydrophobic regions thought to be transmembrane domains. To test whether these conserved histidine residues are functionally equivalent to those of the desaturase-like enzymes we used scanning alanine mutagenesis to test if they are essential for activity of AlkB. These experiments show that alanine substitution of any of the eight conserved histidines results in complete inactivation, whereas replacement of three non-conserved histidines in close proximity to the conserved residues, results in only partial inactivation. These data provide the first experimental support for the hypotheses: (i) that the histidine motif in AlkB is equivalent to that in the desaturase-like enzymes and (ii) that the conserved histidine residues play a vital role such as coordinating the Fe ions comprising the diiron active site. (C) 2003 Federation of European Biochemical Societies. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Shanklin, J (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Bldg 463,50 Bell Ave, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 41 TC 43 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-5793 J9 FEBS LETT JI FEBS Lett. PD JUN 19 PY 2003 VL 545 IS 2-3 BP 188 EP 192 DI 10.1016/S0014-5793(03)00529-5 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA 692WM UT WOS:000183683300018 PM 12804773 ER PT J AU Gok, R Ni, JF West, M Sandvol, E Wilson, D Aster, R Baldridge, WS Grand, S Gao, W Tilmann, F Semken, S AF Gok, R Ni, JF West, M Sandvol, E Wilson, D Aster, R Baldridge, WS Grand, S Gao, W Tilmann, F Semken, S TI Shear wave splitting and mantle flow beneath LA RISTRA SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID RIO-GRANDE RIFT; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; SEISMIC ANISOTROPY; DEFORMATION AB Shear-wave splitting parameters (fast polarization direction and delay time) are determined using data from LA RISTRA (Colorado pLAteau RIo Grande Rift/Great Plains Seismic TRAnsect), a deployment of broadband seismometers extending from the Great Plains, across the Rio Grande Rift and the Jemez Lineament, to the Colorado Plateau. Results show that the fast polarization directions are sub-parallel to North American absolute plate motion. The largest deviations from the plate motion are observed within the western edge of the Great Plains and in the interior of the Colorado Plateau where lithospheric anisotropy may be significant. Delay times range from 0.8 to 1.8 seconds with an average value of 1.4 seconds; the largest values are along the Jemez Lineament and the Rio Grande Rift which are underlain by an uppermost mantle low velocity zone extending to depths of similar to200 km. The anisotropy beneath the central part of LA RISTRA shows a remarkably consistent pattern with a mean fast direction of 40degrees+/-6degrees. Seismic anisotropy can be explained by differential horizontal motion between the North American lithosphere and westerly to southwesterly flow of the asthenospheric mantle. The approximately N-S fast direction found beneath western Texas is similar to that observed beneath the southern rift and may reflect a different dynamic regime. C1 New Mexico State Univ, Dept Phys, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. Univ Missouri, Dept Geol Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Texas, Dept Geol Sci, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Univ Cambridge, Bullard Labs, Cambridge CB3 0EZ, England. Dine Coll, Div Nat Sci, Shiprock, NM 87420 USA. RP New Mexico State Univ, Dept Phys, MSC 3D, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. EM sandvol@missouri.edu RI Grand, Stephen/B-4238-2011; Tilmann, Frederik/E-4293-2012; Gok, Rengin/O-6639-2014; Aster, Richard/E-5067-2013 OI Tilmann, Frederik/0000-0002-7439-8782; Aster, Richard/0000-0002-0821-4906 NR 15 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JUN 19 PY 2003 VL 30 IS 12 AR 1614 DI 10.1029/2002GL016616 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 693XF UT WOS:000183743100001 ER PT J AU Yu, SC Kasibhatla, PS Wright, DL Schwartz, SE McGraw, R Deng, AJ AF Yu, SC Kasibhatla, PS Wright, DL Schwartz, SE McGraw, R Deng, AJ TI Moment-based simulation of microphysical properties of sulfate aerosols in the eastern United States: Model description, evaluation, and regional analysis SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article DE moment-method; sulfate aerosol; model simulation; microphysical properties; eastern United States ID PARTICLE-SIZE DISTRIBUTION; COMMUNITY CLIMATE MODEL; SULFUR CYCLE; ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOLS; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; SOUTHERN OXIDANTS; STRATIFORM CLOUDS; QUADRATURE METHOD; TRANSPORT MODELS; NATIONAL CENTER AB [1] A six-moment microphysics module for sulfate aerosols based on the quadrature method of moments has been incorporated in a host 3-D regional model, the Multiscale Air Quality Simulation Platform. Model performance was examined and evaluated by comparison with in situ observations over the eastern United States for a 40-day period from 19 July to 28 August 1995. The model generally reproduces the spatial patterns ( sulfate mixing ratios and wet deposition) over the eastern United States and time series variations of sulfate mass concentrations. The model successfully captured the observed size distribution in the accumulation mode (radius 0.1 - 0.5 mum), in which the sulfate is predominately located, while underestimating the nucleation and coarse modes on the basis of the size distributions retrieved from the modeled six moments at the Great Smoky Mountains ( GSM). This is consistent with better model performance on the effective radius ( ratio of third to second moment, important for light scattering) than on number-mean and mass-mean radii. However, the model did not predict some of the moments well, especially the higher moments and during the dust events. Aerosol components other than sulfate such as dust and organics appear to have contributed substantially to the observed aerosol loading at GSM. The model underpredicted sulfate mixing ratios by 13% with about 50% of observations simulated to within a factor of 2. One of the reasons for this underestimation may be overprediction of sulfate wet deposition. Sulfate mass concentrations and number concentrations were high in the source-rich Ohio River valley, but number concentrations were also high over the mid-Atlantic coast ( New Jersey area). Most (77%) sulfate amount was below 2.6 km, whereas most sulfate number (> 52%) was above 2.6 km except over Ohio River valley (41%). These results demonstrate the accuracy, utility, practicality, and efficiency of moment-based methods for representing aerosol microphysical processes in large-scale chemical transport models. C1 Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm & Earth Sci, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Div Atmospher Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Meteorol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Yu, SC (reprint author), US EPA, Atmospher Sci Modeling Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, E243-01, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM yu.shaocai@epa.gov RI Kasibhatla, Prasad/A-2574-2010; yu, shaocai/G-7806-2011; Schwartz, Stephen/C-2729-2008; yu, shaocai/F-1394-2014 OI Schwartz, Stephen/0000-0001-6288-310X; NR 79 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD JUN 19 PY 2003 VL 108 IS D12 AR 4353 DI 10.1029/2002JD002890 PG 26 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 693YM UT WOS:000183746000002 ER PT J AU DeSain, JD Taatjes, CA AF DeSain, JD Taatjes, CA TI Infrared laser absorption measurements of the kinetics of propargyl radical self-reaction and the 193 nm photolysis of propyne SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID RATE COEFFICIENTS; CROSS-SECTIONS; PHOTODISSOCIATION; ALLENE; METHYLACETYLENE; HCL; RECOMBINATION; ISOMERIZATION; CHEMISTRY; SPECTRUM AB Infrared laser absorption spectroscopy is used to investigate recent discrepancies in measurements of the propargyl radical self-reaction rate coefficient and product formation in 193 nm photolysis of propyne. The cross section of the propargyl radical is measured relative to that of HCl using the Cl + propyne reaction, yielding a peak absorption cross section (assuming Doppler-limited line shapes) of (1.9 +/- 0.4) x 10(-18) cm(2) for the P(12) line of the v, fundamental at 296 K. The rate coefficient for the propargyl radical (CH2CCH) self-reaction is determined by modeling the infrared absorption of the propargyl radical formed in the 193 nm photolysis of propargyl chloride (HCCCH2Cl) and propargyl bromide (HCCCH2Br), using a more precise literature determination of the pressure-broadened absorption cross section. The propargyl self-reaction rate coefficient so obtained, (3.9 +/- 0.6) x 10(-11) cm(3) molecule(-1) s(-1), is consistent with several recent measurements but disagrees significantly with the one previous infrared absorption determination. Both the propargyl radical and acetylene (HCCH) are observed in the 193 nm photolysis of propyne (CH3CCH). The propargyl is formed promptly following the UV photolysis pulse, and the magnitude of the signal is unaffected by the addition of O-2. The observed propargyl signal is consistent with direct CH2CCH formation in the 193 nm photolysis of propyne and appears inconsistent with formation by secondary reactions of the 1-propynyl radical (CH3CC). The observed CH2CCH yield per 193 nm photon absorbed is 0.49 +/- 0.10. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Taatjes, CA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Mail Stop 9055, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 35 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD JUN 19 PY 2003 VL 107 IS 24 BP 4843 EP 4850 DI 10.1021/jp034047t PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 691EP UT WOS:000183592100013 ER PT J AU Hirata, S Head-Gordon, M Szczepanski, J Vala, M AF Hirata, S Head-Gordon, M Szczepanski, J Vala, M TI Time-dependent density functional study of the electronic excited states of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon radical ions SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID DIFFUSE INTERSTELLAR BANDS; MATRIX-ISOLATED NAPHTHALENE; VIBRONIC ABSORPTION-SPECTRA; INFRARED-EMISSION BANDS; VALENCE ONE-ELECTRON; UP IONIZATION BANDS; PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTRA; EXCITATION-ENERGIES; SOLID ARGON; POLYNUCLEAR AROMATICS AB A uniform, comprehensive theoretical interpretation of spectroscopic data is presented for 51 radical ion species of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) with the aid of (Tamm-Dancoff) time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT). TDDFT is capable of predicting the transition energies to the low-lying excited states of PAH ions with quantitative accuracy (the standard deviation from experimental results being less than 0.3 eV) and their intensity patterns qualitatively correctly. The accuracy is hardly affected by the sizes of PAH ions (azulene through dinaphthocoronene), the types of transitions (Koopmans or satellite transitions), the types of orbitals involved (pi* <-- pi, pi* <-- sigma, or sigma* <-- pi transitions), the types of ions (cations or anions), or other geometrical or electronic perturbations (nonplanarity, sp(3) carbons, or heterocyclic or nonbenzenoid rings). C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, William R Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Div Chem Sci, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Chem, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Univ Florida, Ctr Chem Phys, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Hirata, S (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, William R Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 78 TC 80 Z9 80 U1 1 U2 24 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD JUN 19 PY 2003 VL 107 IS 24 BP 4940 EP 4951 DI 10.1021/jp0301913 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 691EP UT WOS:000183592100024 ER PT J AU Chaban, GM Xantheas, SS Gerber, RB AF Chaban, GM Xantheas, SS Gerber, RB TI Anharmonic vibrational spectroscopy of the F(-)(H(2)O)(n) complexes, n=1, 2 SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID SELF-CONSISTENT-FIELD; AB-INITIO CALCULATIONS; WATER CLUSTERS; I CLUSTERS; MOLECULAR CALCULATIONS; ELECTRON CORRELATION; BINDING-ENERGY; WAVE-FUNCTIONS; BOND-ENERGY; BASIS SETS AB We report anharmonic vibrational spectra (fundamentals, first overtones) for the F(-)(H(2)O) and F(-)(H(2)O)(2) clusters computed at the MP2 and CCSD(T) levels of theory with basis sets of triple-zeta quality. Anharmonic corrections were estimated via the correlation-corrected vibrational self-consistent field (CC-VSCF) method. The CC-VSCF anharmonic spectra obtained on the potential energy surfaces evaluated at the CCSD(T) level of theory are the first ones reported at a correlated level beyond MP2. We have found that the average basis set effect (TZP vs aug-cc-pVTZ) is on the order of 30-40 cm(-1), whereas the effects of different levels of electron correlation [MP2 vs CCSD(T)] are smaller, 20-30 cm(-1). However, the basis set effect is much larger in the case of the H-bonded O-H stretch of the F(-)(H(2)O) cluster amounting to 100 cm(-1) for the fundamentals and 200 cm(-1) for the first overtones. Our calculations are in agreement with the limited available set of experimental data for the F(-)(H(2)O) and F(-)(H(2)O)(2) systems and provide additional information that can guide further experimental studies. C1 NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Chem, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Dept Phys Chem, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel. Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Fritz Haber Res Ctr, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel. RP Chaban, GM (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Mail Stop T257B-1, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. EM chaban@nas.nasa.gov; sotiris.xantheas@pnl.gov RI Xantheas, Sotiris/L-1239-2015 NR 39 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD JUN 19 PY 2003 VL 107 IS 24 BP 4952 EP 4956 DI 10.1021/jp0343483 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 691EP UT WOS:000183592100025 ER PT J AU Yu, ZH Li, JB O'Connor, DB Wang, LW Barbara, PF AF Yu, ZH Li, JB O'Connor, DB Wang, LW Barbara, PF TI Large resonant stokes shift in CdS nanocrystals SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Letter ID QUANTUM DOTS; SEMICONDUCTOR NANOCRYSTALS; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; SIZE DEPENDENCE; LEVEL STRUCTURE; EXCITON-STATES; LUMINESCENCE; DYNAMICS; CLUSTERS; BAND AB The electronic spectrum of CdS colloidal quantum dots (QDs) with a radius of 1.0-2.3 nm is studied by low-temperature photoluminescence excitation spectroscopy. CdS QDs are found to exhibit a resonant Stokes shift of similar to20-70 meV, which is similar to4 times larger than similarly sized CdSe QDs. This effect can be reproduced by an effective-mass theoretical calculation, which reveals that the hole ground state (or highest occupied molecular orbital, HOMO) in CdS QDs is a P state and the ground-state exciton is an optically passive state. Compared to CdSe, in CdS, the smaller spin-orbit splitting causes the orbital-symmetry-forbidden dark exciton in a QD and its larger resonant Stokes shift. The band-edge photoluminescence in CdS QDs exhibits a lifetime of similar to200 ns at 10 K, which is consistent with the dark exciton mechanism. C1 Univ Texas, Ctr Nano & Mol Sci & Technol, Dept Chem & Biochem, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, NERSC, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Barbara, PF (reprint author), Univ Texas, Ctr Nano & Mol Sci & Technol, Dept Chem & Biochem, Austin, TX 78712 USA. NR 37 TC 59 Z9 60 U1 7 U2 21 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD JUN 19 PY 2003 VL 107 IS 24 BP 5670 EP 5674 DI 10.1021/jp027392b PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 691EN UT WOS:000183592000002 ER PT J AU Yoo, CS Iota, V Cynn, H Nicol, M Park, JH Le Bihan, T Mezouar, M AF Yoo, CS Iota, V Cynn, H Nicol, M Park, JH Le Bihan, T Mezouar, M TI Disproportionation and other transformations of N2O at high pressures and temperatures to lower energy, denser phases SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID CARBON-DIOXIDE; RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; GPA; NITROGEN; CO2; METALLIZATION; DIAGRAM; SOLIDS; OXYGEN AB When beta-nitrous oxide (Cmca N2O) is laser heated to between 2000 and 3400 K at high pressures (10-55 GPa), it disproportionates into an ionic form of dimeric nitrogen dioxide (NO+NO3-) and nitrogen. Raman spectra of the quenched products suggest that the ionic phase is stable to 55 GPa at ambient temperature but, upon subsequent heating at pressures below 30 GPa, further dissociates into nitrogen, oxygen, and other nitrogen-oxygen compounds. X-ray diffraction patterns of the ionic phase indicate that it has an orthorhombic structure (Z = 4, rho(0) = 2.69 g/cm(3)), similar to the aragonite phase of calcium carbonate. The results suggest that the primary driver for ionization is densification at high pressures, whereas dissociation between 10 and 30 GPa results from the combined effects of densification and entropy increases. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Nevada, High Pressure Sci & Engn Ctr, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, Grenoble, France. RP Nicol, M (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 5508, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RI LE BIHAN, Tristan/I-5063-2013 NR 30 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD JUN 19 PY 2003 VL 107 IS 24 BP 5922 EP 5925 DI 10.1021/jp0275589 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 691EN UT WOS:000183592000037 ER PT J AU Chung, SU Klempt, E AF Chung, SU Klempt, E TI Vector mesons in q(q)over-barq(q)over-bar systems SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article DE nonstrange vector mesons; four-quark exotic mesons; SU(3) symmetry ID 18 GEV/C; REST; WAVE AB We discuss the vector mesons, I-G(J(PC)) = 1(+)(1(--)) and 1(-)(1(-+)) in 10 circle plus (10) over bar representations, decaying into two ground-state octets. We derive a powerful selection rule, valid in the limit of flavor SU(3) symmetry. The octets considered are {pi}, {rho}, {b(1)}, {a(1)} and {a(2)} labeled by the isovector state in the representation. (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Bonn, Helmholtz Inst Strahlen & Kernphys, D-53115 Bonn, Germany. RP Chung, SU (reprint author), Tech Univ Munich, D-8000 Munich, Germany. NR 10 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JUN 19 PY 2003 VL 563 IS 1-2 BP 83 EP 86 DI 10.1016/S0370-2693(03)00605-1 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 689KP UT WOS:000183492000011 ER PT J AU Trebosc, J Amoureux, JP Wiench, JW Pruski, M AF Trebosc, J Amoureux, JP Wiench, JW Pruski, M TI Simultaneous frequency-selective solid-state NMR analysis of internuclear distances and through-bond connectivities in the presence of quadrupolar nuclei SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ECHO DOUBLE-RESONANCE; HETERONUCLEAR DIPOLAR INTERACTIONS; ROTATIONAL-ECHO; ALUMINOPHOSPHATE VPI-5; SPIN-1/2 NUCLEI; REDOR; SPECTROSCOPY; SPINS; COUPLINGS; SPECTRA AB In solid-state NMR spectroscopy, the potential of rotational echo double resonance (REDOR) for deriving distance information is well documented in the literature for isolated pairs of spin-1/2 nuclei. Several extensions of REDOR to more complex spin-1/2 systems have been proposed. Herein, we investigate the feasibility of the frequency-selective REDOR approach to a multispin system SIn where S spin is a quadrupolar nucleus. In addition, we describe the effect of scalar couplings J(SI), on these measurements and use this result to study through-bond connectivities between Al-27 and P-31 in VP15. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Lille 1, LCPS, CNRS 8012, F-59652 Villeneuve Dascq, France. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Amoureux, JP (reprint author), Univ Lille 1, LCPS, CNRS 8012, F-59652 Villeneuve Dascq, France. NR 33 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 18 PY 2003 VL 374 IS 5-6 BP 432 EP 438 DI 10.1016/S0009-2614(03)00575-X PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 697MA UT WOS:000183945900003 ER PT J AU Franceschetti, A Pennycook, SJ Pantelides, ST AF Franceschetti, A Pennycook, SJ Pantelides, ST TI Oxygen chemisorption on Au nanoparticles SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GOLD CLUSTERS; MOLECULAR-OXYGEN; ADSORPTION; ANIONS; METALS AB Oxygen molecules do not adsorb on flat gold surfaces at room temperature, but recent experimental results have demonstrated adsorption of oxygen on small, negatively charged gold nanoparticles. Here we report first-principles density functional calculations of oxygen adsorption on neutral and charged An(n) nanoparticles. We find that: (i) Oxygen molecules chemisorb on An(n) clusters, with typical binding energies of 0.5-1.5 eV; the binding energy is larger for negatively charged clusters. (ii) In the most stable configurations, the two oxygen atoms are spatially separated and form a linear O-Au-O bridge. The results establish a correlation between the experimental reactivity of gold clusters and the oxygen binding energy. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Franceschetti, A (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. NR 17 TC 78 Z9 79 U1 0 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 18 PY 2003 VL 374 IS 5-6 BP 471 EP 475 DI 10.1016/S0009-2614(03)00725-5 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 697MA UT WOS:000183945900009 ER PT J AU Erickson, DJ Hernandez, JL Ginoux, P Gregg, WW McClain, C Christian, J AF Erickson, DJ Hernandez, JL Ginoux, P Gregg, WW McClain, C Christian, J TI Atmospheric iron delivery and surface ocean biological activity in the Southern Ocean and Patagonian region SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID EQUATORIAL PACIFIC-OCEAN; LAST GLACIAL MAXIMUM; MODEL; PRODUCTIVITY; AEROSOLS; CLIMATE AB [1] Iron is a limiting nutrient for biologic activity in much of the world ocean. We present a method to quantitatively address the response of surface ocean biology to inputs of atmospheric Fe associated with atmospheric dust. We merge two enabling technologies, global models of Earth system processes and satellite derived chlorophyll concentrations to assess the importance of Fe in oceanic biogeochemistry. We present an objective correlation analysis to elucidate the spatial response of chlorophyll to iron flux considering the ocean surface meridional center of mass in areas with high correlation. Several regions between 40 degreesS and 60 degreesS show correlations from 0.6 to 0.95, significant at the 0.05 level, particularly the Patagonian region. Surface chlorophyll and iron flux follow similar patterns, however chlorophyll may be displaced to different latitudes than where Fe input occurs due to meridional ocean transport. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, GEST, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Erickson, DJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Ginoux, Paul/C-2326-2008 OI Ginoux, Paul/0000-0003-3642-2988 NR 20 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JUN 18 PY 2003 VL 30 IS 12 AR 1609 DI 10.1029/2003GL017241 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 693XC UT WOS:000183742800006 ER PT J AU Johnson, CS Kim, JS Kropf, AJ Kahaian, AJ Vaughey, JT Fransson, LML Edstrom, K Thackeray, MM AF Johnson, CS Kim, JS Kropf, AJ Kahaian, AJ Vaughey, JT Fransson, LML Edstrom, K Thackeray, MM TI Structural characterization of layered LixNi0.5Mn0.5O2 (0 < x <= 2) oxide electrodes for Li batteries SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; MANGANESE OXIDES; CATHODE MATERIAL; INSERTION; ELECTROCHEMISTRY; PHASE; ABSORPTION; LI2NIO2 AB X-ray diffraction and X-ray absorption spectroscopy experiments were used to study chemical and electrochemical Li insertion and extraction reactions of LiNi0.5Mn0.5O2. These results, along with galvanostatic cycling data, suggest that LiNi0.5Mn0.5O2 layered electrodes in lithium batteries operate predominantly off two-electron redox couples, Ni4+/Ni2+, between approximately 4.5 and 1.25 V and Mn4+/Mn2+ between 1.25 and 1.0 V versus metallic Li, respectively. The retention of a stable layered framework structure and the apparent absence of Jahn-Teller ions Ni3+ and Mn3+ in the high- or low-voltage region is believed to be responsible for the excellent structural and electrochemical stability of these electrodes. The LiNi0.5Mn0.5O2 layered oxide reversibly reacts chemically or electrochemically with Li to form an air-sensitive, dilithium. compound, Li2Ni0.5Mn0.5O2, with a hexagonal structure analogous to Li2MnO2. The cycling behavior of Li/LiNi0.5Mn0.5O2 cells over a large voltage window (4.6-1.0 V) and with very slow rates shows that rechargeable capacities >500 mA(.)h/g can be obtained. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem Technol, Electrochem Technol & Basic Sci Program, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Uppsala Univ, Angstrom Lab, Dept Chem Mat, Uppsala, Sweden. RP Johnson, CS (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem Technol, Electrochem Technol & Basic Sci Program, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI ID, MRCAT/G-7586-2011; OI Edstroem, Kristina/0000-0003-4440-2952 NR 39 TC 98 Z9 100 U1 7 U2 78 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0897-4756 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD JUN 17 PY 2003 VL 15 IS 12 BP 2313 EP 2322 DI 10.1021/cm0204728 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 689DE UT WOS:000183475700007 ER PT J AU Gao, JB Sansinena, JM Wang, HL AF Gao, JB Sansinena, JM Wang, HL TI Tunable polyaniline chemical actuators SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID POLYPYRROLE FILMS; POLYMER GEL; TRANSPORT; BEHAVIOR; MUSCLES; FIBERS AB Polyaniline (PANI) porous asymmetric membranes were prepared using a phase-inversion technique, and their bending-recovery behavior induced by sorption and desorption of chemical vapors was studied. It was found that the bending-recovery rates and maximum bending angles of the membranes were different in various vapors [hexane, ethyl ether, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran (THF), and ethanol]. The undoped PANI membrane showed the most extensive and the fastest bending-recovery movement in THF but no bending-recovery movement in hexane. We believe that the bending-recovery movement results from the asymmetric structure of the membrane's cross section. The dense side has a larger volume expansion than the more porous side after the absorption of organic vapors, and this larger volume causes a bending toward the porous side. Desorption of organic vapor from the membrane allows it to recover to its original position. The study of the effect of the membrane structure on membrane bending-recovery behavior shows that changing the PANI emeraldine base (EB) concentration of the solution used to cast the PANI porous asymmetric membrane changes not only the mechanical properties of the membranes but also the bending-recovery rate of these membrane-based actuators. Lowering the EB concentration leads to the formation of a more porous structure, which increases the diffusion rate of the organic vapor into the membrane and thereby accelerates the bending-recovery movement induced by sorption and desorption. Reversing the hydrophobicity by doping PANI with the surfactant acid, dedecylbenzenesulfonic acid, allows the membrane to respond to less-polar organic vapors such as hexane. Simplified mechanisms between both doped and undoped PANI and organic vapors are proposed to explain the above results. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Wang, HL (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, MSJ-586, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 29 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 2 U2 30 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0897-4756 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD JUN 17 PY 2003 VL 15 IS 12 BP 2411 EP 2418 DI 10.1021/cm020329e PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 689DE UT WOS:000183475700018 ER PT J AU Durham, WB Kirby, SH Stern, LA Zhang, W AF Durham, WB Kirby, SH Stern, LA Zhang, W TI The strength and rheology of methane clathrate hydrate (vol 108, pg 2182, 2003) SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH LA English DT Correction C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Durham, WB (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9313 EI 2169-9356 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth PD JUN 17 PY 2003 VL 108 IS B6 AR 2301 DI 10.1029/2003JB002534 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 696HT UT WOS:000183882100003 ER PT J AU Walker, TA Melnichenko, YB Wignall, GD Spontak, RJ AF Walker, TA Melnichenko, YB Wignall, GD Spontak, RJ TI Phase behavior of poly(methyl methacrylate)/poly(vinylidene fluoride) blends with and without high-pressure CO2 SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID SOLUTION TEMPERATURE BEHAVIOR; POLY(VINYLIDENE FLUORIDE); POLYMER BLENDS; CARBON-DIOXIDE; METHACRYLATE) BLENDS; MISCIBILITY; CRYSTALLIZATION; SORPTION; STATE; PVDF C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Spontak, RJ (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. OI Wignall, George/0000-0002-3876-3244 NR 37 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD JUN 17 PY 2003 VL 36 IS 12 BP 4245 EP 4249 DI 10.1021/ma030103c PG 5 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 690BF UT WOS:000183526900001 ER PT J AU Wojtowicz, T Cywinski, G Lim, WL Liu, X Dobrowolska, M Furdyna, JK Yu, KM Walukiewicz, W Kim, GB Cheon, M Chen, X Wang, SM Luo, H AF Wojtowicz, T Cywinski, G Lim, WL Liu, X Dobrowolska, M Furdyna, JK Yu, KM Walukiewicz, W Kim, GB Cheon, M Chen, X Wang, SM Luo, H TI In1-xMnxSb - a narrow-gap ferromagnetic semiconductor SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB A narrow-gap ferromagnetic In1-xMnxSb semiconductor alloy was grown by low-temperature molecular-beam epitaxy on CdTe/GaAs hybrid substrates. Ferromagnetic order in In1-xMnxSb was unambiguously established by the observation of clear hysteresis loops both in direct magnetization measurements and in the anomalous Hall effect, with Curie temperatures T-C ranging up to 8.5 K. The observed values of T-C agree well with the existing models of carrier-induced ferromagnetism. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Polish Acad Sci, Inst Phys, PL-02668 Warsaw, Poland. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Elect Mat Program, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. SUNY Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. RP Wojtowicz, T (reprint author), Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. EM wojto@ifpan.edu.pl RI Yu, Kin Man/J-1399-2012; Wang, Shumin/O-5364-2014; Wojtowicz, Tomasz/A-2887-2017 OI Yu, Kin Man/0000-0003-1350-9642; Wang, Shumin/0000-0002-4993-9460; NR 11 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 3 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 16 PY 2003 VL 82 IS 24 BP 4310 EP 4312 DI 10.1063/1.1583142 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 688ZQ UT WOS:000183467500033 ER PT J AU Klie, RF Zhu, Y Schneider, G Tafto, J AF Klie, RF Zhu, Y Schneider, G Tafto, J TI Experimental probing of the anisotropy of the empty p states near the Fermi level in MgB2 SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB We have studied the boron K edge in the superconductor MgB2 by electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) and experimentally resolved the empty p states at the Fermi level that have previously been observed within an energy window of 0.8 eV by soft x-ray absorption spectroscopy. Using angular-resolved EELS, we find that these states at the immediate edge onset have p(xy) character in agreement with predictions from first-principle electronic structure calculations. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Vienna Tech Univ, Inst Allgemeine Phys, A-1060 Vienna, Austria. Vienna Tech Univ, CMS, A-1060 Vienna, Austria. Univ Oslo, Inst Phys, N-0316 Oslo, Norway. RP Klie, RF (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 8 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 16 PY 2003 VL 82 IS 24 BP 4316 EP 4318 DI 10.1063/1.1583132 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 688ZQ UT WOS:000183467500035 ER PT J AU Knopp, R Panak, PI Wray, LA Renninger, NS Keasling, JD Nitsche, H AF Knopp, R Panak, PI Wray, LA Renninger, NS Keasling, JD Nitsche, H TI Laser spectroscopic studies of interactions of U-VI with bacterial phosphate species SO CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE bacteria; fluorescence spectroscopy; phosphate; Raman spectroscopy; sorption; uranium ID INDUCED FLUORESCENCE SPECTROSCOPY; MINING WASTE PILE; PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; BACILLUS-SPHAERICUS; RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; CITROBACTER SP; URANIUM; U(VI); BIOACCUMULATION; COMPLEXATION AB We have investigated the interactions of U-VI with two bacterial phosphate-containing species: Gram-positive Bacillus sphaericus and Gram-negative Psedomonas aeruginosa. The Gram-positive B. sphaericus was investigated by using Raman spectroscopy and time-resolved laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy (TRLFS). We found that living cells, spores, and intact heatkilled cells complexed U-VI (pH 4.5) through phosphate groups bound to their surfaces, while decomposed cells released H2PO4- and precipitated U-VI as UO2(H2PO4)(2). TRLFS of U-VI showed that Gram-negative P aeruginosa-genetically engineered to accumulate polyphosphate, subsequently degrade it, and secrete phosphate-precipitated U-VI quantitatively at pH 4.5. The same bacterial strain, not induced to secrete phosphate, sorbed only a small amount of UVI. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Nitsche, H (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 70R0319, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Keasling, Jay/J-9162-2012 OI Keasling, Jay/0000-0003-4170-6088 NR 30 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 11 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0947-6539 J9 CHEM-EUR J JI Chem.-Eur. J. PD JUN 16 PY 2003 VL 9 IS 12 BP 2812 EP 2818 DI 10.1002/chem.200304711 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 693HW UT WOS:000183712300016 PM 12866546 ER PT J AU Conradson, SD Begg, BD Clark, DL Den Auwer, C Espinosa-Faller, FJ Gordon, PL Hess, NJ Hess, R Keogh, DW Morales, LA Neu, MP Runde, W Tait, CD Veirs, DK Villella, PM AF Conradson, SD Begg, BD Clark, DL Den Auwer, C Espinosa-Faller, FJ Gordon, PL Hess, NJ Hess, R Keogh, DW Morales, LA Neu, MP Runde, W Tait, CD Veirs, DK Villella, PM TI Speciation and unusual reactivity in PuO2+x SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SPECTROSCOPY AB Pu L-3 XAFS measurements show that the excess oxygen in single phase PuO2+x occurs as oxo groups with Pu-O distances of 1.83-1.91 Angstrom. This distance and the energy of the edge (via comparison with a large number of related compounds) are more consistent with a Pu(IV/V) than a Pu(IV/VI) mixture. Analogous to Pu(IV) colloids, although the Pu-Pu pair distribution remains single site even when it shows substantial disorder, the Pu-O distribution can display a number of additional shells at specific distances up to 3.4 Angstrom even in high fired materials when no oxo groups are present, implying intrinsic H+/OH-(H2O). The number of oxo atoms increases when samples are equilibrated with humid air at ambient temperature, indicating that the Pu reactivity in this solid system differs notably from that of isolated complexes and demonstrating the importance of nanoscale cooperative phenomena and total free energy in determining its chemical properties. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Australian Nucl Sci & Technol Org, Menai, NSW 2234, Australia. CEA Marcoule, F-30207 Bagnols Sur Ceze, France. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Conradson, SD (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Clark, David/A-9729-2011; OI Hess, Nancy/0000-0002-8930-9500 NR 11 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 5 U2 27 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD JUN 16 PY 2003 VL 42 IS 12 BP 3715 EP 3717 DI 10.1021/ic026044l PG 3 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 688AX UT WOS:000183410900004 PM 12793805 ER PT J AU Lupu, C Mao, JG Rabalais, JW Guloy, AM Richardson, JW AF Lupu, C Mao, JG Rabalais, JW Guloy, AM Richardson, JW TI X-ray and neutron diffraction studies on "Li4.4Sn" SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID LITHIUM; TIN; OXIDE; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; INSERTION; BATTERIES; GLASSES AB A chemical analysis and detailed structural characterization, using X-ray single crystal and neutron powder diffraction, of the binary lithium-tin compound "Li4.4Sn" is presented. Phase analyses and subsequent structural refinements result in the reformulation of "Li4.4Sn" as Li17Sn4. The lithium-rich binary phase crystallizes with a complex cubic structure in the space group F43m, with a = 19.6907(11) Angstrom, Z = 20. The improved crystal structure determination indicates well-defined lithium atom positions, some of which differ from those previously reported. The nearly Zintl phase Li17Sn4 exhibits poor metallic behavior similar to that of heavily doped semiconductors. Comparisons of the refined crystal structure with previously reported X-ray crystal structures associated with "Li4.4Sn" are discussed. C1 Univ Houston, Dept Chem, Houston, TX 77204 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, IPNS Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Guloy, AM (reprint author), Univ Houston, Dept Chem, Univ Pk, Houston, TX 77204 USA. NR 19 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 26 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD JUN 16 PY 2003 VL 42 IS 12 BP 3765 EP 3771 DI 10.1021/ic026235o PG 7 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 688AX UT WOS:000183410900011 PM 12793812 ER PT J AU Manson, JL Gu, JY Schlueter, JA Wang, HH AF Manson, JL Gu, JY Schlueter, JA Wang, HH TI Structures and magnetic behavior of 1-, 2-, and 3D coordination polymers in the Cu(II)-dicyanamide-pyrimidine family SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID DCA = DICYANAMIDE; TRINUCLEAR COPPER(II) COMPLEXES; X-RAY STRUCTURE; 3-D NETWORK; FERROMAGNETIC INTERACTION; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES; PYRIMIDINE; LIGANDS; CO; N(CN)(2)(-) AB Using aqueous conditions, three new coordination polymers containing Cu2+ cations, dicyanamide (dca) anions, and pyrimidine (pym) were isolated and structurally and magnetically characterized. Comprising the bulk of the product yield, Cu(dca)(2)(pym)(2), 1, crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2(1)/c with a = 7.3569(5) Angstrom, b = 13.4482(9) Angstrom, c = 7.4559(5) Angstrom, beta = 98.984(3)degrees, and V = 728.6(1) Angstrom and forms linear 1D chains. The second compound, Cu(dca)(NO3)(pym)(H2O), 2, is also monoclinic, P2(1)/n, with a = 7.6475(3) Angstrom, b = 12.2422(5) Angstrom, c = 11.0286(4) Angstrom, beta = 106.585(2)degrees, and V = 989.6(1) Angstrom(3). A 2D network structure consisting of both bridging mu-dca and pym ligands is formed while the NO3- and H2O are axially bonded to the Cu center. Cu-3(dca)(6)(pym)(2)(.)0.75H(2)O, 3, is triclinic, P $(1) over bar $, with a = 7.7439(4) Angstrom, b = 9.3388(5) Angstrom, c = 10.1779(5) Angstrom, alpha = 86.014(2)degrees, beta = 88.505(2)degrees, gamma = 73.623(2)degrees, and V = 704.46(g) Angstrom(3). The structure of 3 is quite unique in that [Cu-3(pym)(2)](6+) trimers are interconnected via mu-dca ligands affording a complex 3D self-penetrating framework. Magnetically, 1 exhibits extremely weak exchange interactions along the Cu-(dca)(2)-Cu ribbons while 2 and 3 display very strong magnetic couplings mediated by the mu-bonded pym ligands. Moreover, 2 shows a broad maximum in X(T) at 40 K and behaves as a uniform 1D antiferromagnetic chain with g = 2.09(1), J/k(B) = -42.6(1) K, and TIP = -66 x 10(-6) emu/mol. An S = (1)/(2) trimer model that includes intertrimer interactions successfully described the magnetic behavior of 3, yielding g = 2.10(1), J/k(B) =,-69.4(5) K, theta = -0.28(3) K, and TIP = -180 x 10(-6) emu/mol. It is found that mu-bonded dca and pym ligands mediate very weak and very strong exchange interactions, respectively, between Cu2+ centers. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Neutron Scattering, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Manson, JL (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Neutron Scattering, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Bldg 7964-I,MS 6430,POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 46 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD JUN 16 PY 2003 VL 42 IS 12 BP 3950 EP 3955 DI 10.1021/ic026164t PG 6 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 688AX UT WOS:000183410900033 PM 12793834 ER PT J AU Amsler, C Anisovich, A Baker, CA Barnett, BM Batty, CJ Benayoun, M Blum, P Braune, K Bugg, D Case, T Crede, V Crowe, KM Doser, M Dunnweber, W Engelhardt, D Faessler, MA Haddock, RP Heinsius, FH Heinzelmann, M Hessey, NP Hidas, P Jamnik, D Kalinowsky, H Kammel, P Kisiel, J Klempt, E Koch, H Kunze, M Kurilla, U Landua, R Matthay, H Meyer, CA Meyer-Wildhagen, F Montanet, L Ouared, R Peters, K Pick, B Popkov, W Ratajczak, M Regenfus, C Reinnarth, J Roethel, W Sarantsev, AV Spanier, S Strohbusch, U Suffert, M Suh, JS Thoma, U Uman, I Wallis-Plachner, S Walther, D Wiedner, U Wittmack, K Zou, BS AF Amsler, C Anisovich, A Baker, CA Barnett, BM Batty, CJ Benayoun, M Blum, P Braune, K Bugg, D Case, T Crede, V Crowe, KM Doser, M Dunnweber, W Engelhardt, D Faessler, MA Haddock, RP Heinsius, FH Heinzelmann, M Hessey, NP Hidas, P Jamnik, D Kalinowsky, H Kammel, P Kisiel, J Klempt, E Koch, H Kunze, M Kurilla, U Landua, R Matthay, H Meyer, CA Meyer-Wildhagen, F Montanet, L Ouared, R Peters, K Pick, B Popkov, W Ratajczak, M Regenfus, C Reinnarth, J Roethel, W Sarantsev, AV Spanier, S Strohbusch, U Suffert, M Suh, JS Thoma, U Uman, I Wallis-Plachner, S Walther, D Wiedner, U Wittmack, K Zou, BS CA Crystal Barrel Collaboration TI Annihilation at rest of antiprotons and protons into neutral particles SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article DE antiproton-proton; annihilation; neutral particles ID LIQUID-HYDROGEN TARGET; BRANCHING RATIOS; (P)OVER-BAR-P ANNIHILATION; STATE ANNIHILATION; F(0)(1500) DECAY; HIGH-STATISTICS; CRYSTAL-BARREL; S-STATE; P-WAVE; PI(0)PI(0) AB Annihilation of antiprotons and protons at rest into neutral particles has been studied with the Crystal Barrel detector at LEAR. Annihilation frequencies are determined for final states containing pi(0), eta, eta' and omega mesons using a liquid and a room temperature, 12 bar, gaseous hydrogen target. Including annihilation frequencies for production of neutral kaons from other experiments, the identified reactions for annihilation in liquid hydrogen add up to a branching fraction of (3.56+/-0.28)% per annihilation compared to the frequency of (3.50+/-0.30)% with which we observe the all-neutral decay modes inclusively. Since the exclusive final states are normalized to the Crystal Barrel measurement of the pi(0)pi(0) branching ratio, the latter result is strongly supported by this present study. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany. Univ Calif Berkeley, LBNL, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Ruhr Univ Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. Hungarian Acad Sci, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. Univ Hamburg, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany. Univ Karlsruhe, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany. Univ London Queen Mary & Westfield Coll, London E1 4NS, England. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Munich, D-80333 Munich, Germany. LPNHE Paris 6, F-75252 Paris, France. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Ctr Rech Nucl, F-67037 Strasbourg, France. Univ Zurich, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland. RP Sarantsev, AV (reprint author), Univ Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany. RI Peters, Klaus/C-2728-2008; Meyer, Curtis/L-3488-2014; OI Peters, Klaus/0000-0001-7133-0662; Meyer, Curtis/0000-0001-7599-3973; Heinsius, Fritz-Herbert/0000-0002-9545-5117 NR 61 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUN 16 PY 2003 VL 720 IS 3-4 BP 357 EP 367 DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(03)00912-6 PG 11 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 681MF UT WOS:000183039400007 ER PT J AU Zhang, BW Wang, XN AF Zhang, BW Wang, XN TI Multiple parton scattering in nuclei: beyond helicity amplitude approximation SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article ID RADIATIVE ENERGY-LOSS; LARGE TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM; HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; ROOT-S(NN)=130 GEV; JET TOMOGRAPHY; QCD; DISTRIBUTIONS; SUPPRESSION; DEPENDENCE AB Multiple parton scattering and induced parton energy loss in deeply inelastic scattering (DlS) off heavy nuclei is studied within the framework of generalized factorization in perturbative QCD with a complete calculation beyond the helicity amplitude (or soft bremsstrahlung) approximation. Such a calculation gives rise to new corrections to the modified quark fragmentation functions. The effective parton energy loss is found to be reduced by a factor of 5/6 from the result of helicity amplitude approximation. (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Huazhong Normal Univ, Inst Particle Phys, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. Shandong Univ, Dept Phys, Jinan 250100, Peoples R China. RP Wang, XN (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, MS 70R0319, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. OI Wang, Xin-Nian/0000-0002-9734-9967 NR 30 TC 54 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUN 16 PY 2003 VL 720 IS 3-4 BP 429 EP 451 DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(03)01003-0 PG 23 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 681MF UT WOS:000183039400012 ER PT J AU Koester, CJ Simonich, SL Esser, BK AF Koester, CJ Simonich, SL Esser, BK TI Environmental analysis SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Review ID PLASMA-MASS SPECTROMETRY; SOLID-PHASE MICROEXTRACTION; 2-DIMENSIONAL GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; SEMIPERMEABLE-MEMBRANE DEVICES; ACCELERATED SOLVENT-EXTRACTION; CARBON-ISOTOPE FRACTIONATION; BROMINATED FLAME RETARDANTS; ATOMIC-EMISSION DETECTION; BAR SORPTIVE EXTRACTION C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Analyt & Nucl Chem Div, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Oregon State Univ, Dept Environm & Mol Toxicol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. Oregon State Univ, Dept Chem, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Koester, CJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Analyt & Nucl Chem Div, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RI Esser, Bradley/G-4283-2010 OI Esser, Bradley/0000-0002-3219-4298 NR 299 TC 60 Z9 65 U1 1 U2 22 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD JUN 15 PY 2003 VL 75 IS 12 BP 2813 EP 2829 DI 10.1021/ac030131t PG 17 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 689MF UT WOS:000183496500002 ER PT J AU Da Costa, L Tchernia, G Gascard, P Lo, A Meerpohl, J Niemeyer, C Chasis, JA Fixler, J Mohandas, N AF Da Costa, L Tchernia, G Gascard, P Lo, A Meerpohl, J Niemeyer, C Chasis, JA Fixler, J Mohandas, N TI Nucleolar localization of RPS19 protein in normal cells and mislocalization due to mutations in the nucleolar localization signals in 2 Diamond-Blackfan anemia patients: potential insights into pathophysiology SO BLOOD LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR-LOCALIZATION; RNA-BINDING; SEQUENCE; DOMAINS; IMPORT; TRANSPORT; GENE; S19; IDENTIFICATION; ACCUMULATION AB Ribosomal protein S19 (RPS19) is frequently mutated in Diamond-Blackfan anemia (DBA), a rare congenital hypoplastic anemia. Recent studies have shown that RPS19 expression decreases during terminal erythroid differentiation. Currently no information is available on the subcellular localization of normal RPS19 and the potential effects of various RPS19 mutations on cellular localization. In the present study, using wild-type and mutant RPS19 cDNA, we explored the subcellular distribution of normal and mutant proteins in a fibroblast cell line (Cos-7 cells). RPS19 was detected primarily in the nucleus, and more specifically in the nucleoli, where RPS19 colocalized with the nucleolar protein nucleolin. Using various N-terminal and C-terminal deletion constructs, we identified 2 nucleolar localization signals (NoSs) in RPS19: the first comprising amino acids Met1 to Arg16 in the NH2-terminus and the second comprising Gly120 to Asn142 in the CCOH-terminus. Importantly, 2 mutations identified in DBA patients, Val15Phe and Gly127Gln, each of which localized to 1 of the 2 NoS, failed to localize RPS19 to the nucleolus. In addition to their mislocalization, there was a dramatic decrease in the expression of the 2 mutant proteins compared to the wild type. This decrease in protein expression was specific for the mutant RPS19, since expression of other proteins was normal. The present findings enable us to document the nucleolar localization signals in RPS19 and help define the phenotypic consequences of some mutations in RPS19 in DBA. (C) 2003 by The American Society of Hematology. C1 Hop Bicetre, Hematol Lab, INSERM U473, Fac Med Parix XI,Assistance Publ Hop Paris, F-94275 Le Kremlin Bicetre, France. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. New York Blood Ctr, New York, NY 10021 USA. Univ Kinderklin, Freiburg, Germany. RP Da Costa, L (reprint author), Hop Bicetre, Hematol Lab, INSERM U473, Fac Med Parix XI,Assistance Publ Hop Paris, 78 Ave Gen Leclerc, F-94275 Le Kremlin Bicetre, France. EM dacosta@kb.inserm.fr RI Meerpohl, Joerg/J-4224-2013 OI Meerpohl, Joerg/0000-0002-1333-5403 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK26263] NR 42 TC 47 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M STREET. NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD JUN 15 PY 2003 VL 101 IS 12 BP 5039 EP 5045 DI 10.1182/blood-2002-12-3878 PG 7 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 689FV UT WOS:000183481700067 PM 12586610 ER PT J AU Bethge, WA Wilbur, DS Storb, R Hamlin, DK Santos, EB Brechbiel, MW Fisher, DR Sandmaier, BM AF Bethge, WA Wilbur, DS Storb, R Hamlin, DK Santos, EB Brechbiel, MW Fisher, DR Sandmaier, BM TI Selective T-cell ablation with bismuth-213-labeled anti-TCR alpha beta as nonmyeloablative conditioning for allogeneic canine marrow transplantation SO BLOOD LA English DT Article ID TOTAL-BODY IRRADIATION; MIXED HEMATOPOIETIC CHIMERISM; IDENTICAL LITTERMATE DOGS; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; BONE-MARROW; PHARMACOLOGICAL IMMUNOSUPPRESSION; MYELODYSPLASTIC SYNDROME; ANTI-CD45 ANTIBODY; MYELOID-LEUKEMIA; GRAFT-REJECTION AB Two major immunologic barriers, the host-versus-graft (HVG) and graft-versus-host (GVH) reactions, have to be overcome for successful allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. T cells were shown to be primarily involved in these barriers in the major histocompatibility complex identical setting. We hypothesized that selective ablation of T cells using radioimmunotherapy together with postgrafting immunosuppression would suffice to ensure stable allogeneic engraftment. We had described a canine model of nonmyeloablative marrow transplantation in which host immune reactions were impaired by a single dose of 200 cGy total body irradiation (TBI), and both GVH and residual HVG reactions were controlled by postgrafting immunosuppression with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) and cyclosporine (CSP). Here, we substituted the a-emitter bismuth-213 (Bi-213) linked to a monoclonal antibody (mAb) against T-cell receptor (TCR) alphabeta, using the metal-binding chelate diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) derivative cyclohexyl-(CHX)-A", for 200 cGy TBI. Biodistribution studies using a gamma-emitting indium-111-labeled anti-TCRalphabeta mAb showed uptake primarily in blood, marrow, lymph nodes, spleen, and liver. Four dogs were treated with 0.13 to 0.46 mg/kg TCRalphabeta mAb labeled with 3.7 to 5.6 mCi/kg (137-207 MBq/kg) Bi-213. The treatment was administered in 6 injections on days -3 and -2 followed by transplantation of dog leukocyte antigen-identical marrow on day 0 and postgrafting immunosuppression with MMF/CSP. The therapy was well tolerated except for elevations of transaminases that were transient in all but one of the dogs. No other organ toxicities or signs of graft-versus-host disease were noted. The dogs had prompt allogeneic hematopoietic engraftment and achieved stable mixed donor-host hematopoietic chimerism with donor contributions ranging from 5% to 55% after more than 30 weeks of follow up. (C) 2003 by The American Society of Hematology. C1 Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Div Clin Res, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Radiat Oncol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA. RP Sandmaier, BM (reprint author), Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Div Clin Res, 1100 Fairview Ave N,D1-100,POB 19024, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. EM bsandmai@fhcrc.org FU NCI NIH HHS [CA15704, CA78902, P01 CA078902]; NHLBI NIH HHS [HL36444] NR 45 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M STREET. NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD JUN 15 PY 2003 VL 101 IS 12 BP 5068 EP 5075 DI 10.1182/blood-2002-12-3867 PG 8 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 689FV UT WOS:000183481700071 PM 12609833 ER PT J AU Gamwo, IK Halow, JS Gidaspow, D Mostofi, R AF Gamwo, IK Halow, JS Gidaspow, D Mostofi, R TI CFD models for methanol synthesis three-phase reactors: reactor optimization SO CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE CFD models; slurry bubble column reactors; optimum catalyst distribution ID SLURRY BUBBLE-COLUMN; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; FLUIDIZED-BED; FCC PARTICLES; 2-PHASE FLOW; HEAT AB Two Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) models have been developed for slurry bubble columns. The first model is based on the kinetic theory of granular flow with a measured restitution coefficient in a slurry bubble column. The model was used to predict Air Products/DOE La Porte reactor's slurry height, gas hold-up and the rate of methanol production. It showed an unfavorable high solids concentration at the bottom of the reactor. The second model with a catalyst viscosity as an input has computed the measured flow patterns and Reynolds stresses in agreement with measurements in a laboratory slurry bubble column. Here, we have rearranged the heat exchangers in the La Porte unit and constructed a CFD model for a baffled reactor that has a higher concentration of the catalyst in the upper portion of the reactor. In this arrangement, the conversion to products is higher than in the La Porte unit, because there is more catalyst in the region of decreased reactant concentration. The baffled arrangement of the heat exchangers prevents the mixing of the catalyst from the upper stage, allowing continued operation of the reactor with a high concentration in the upper stage. Thus. an optimum catalyst concentration is maintained during the course of the production of the liquid fuels. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 United States Dept Energy, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. IIT, Dept Chem & Environm Engn, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. RP Gamwo, IK (reprint author), United States Dept Energy, Natl Energy Technol Lab, POB 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. NR 43 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 5 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 1385-8947 J9 CHEM ENG J JI Chem. Eng. J. PD JUN 15 PY 2003 VL 93 IS 2 BP 103 EP 112 AR PII S1385-8947(02)00192-4 DI 10.1016/S1385-8947(02)00192-4 PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 677YA UT WOS:000182835900001 ER PT J AU Turesky, RJ Richoz, J Constable, A Curtis, KD Dingley, KH Turteltaub, KW AF Turesky, RJ Richoz, J Constable, A Curtis, KD Dingley, KH Turteltaub, KW TI The effects of coffee on enzymes involved in metabolism of the dietary carcinogen 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo [4,5-b]pyridine in rats SO CHEMICO-BIOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS LA English DT Article DE heterocyclic aromatic amines; coffee; caffeine; metabolism; chemoprotection ID HETEROCYCLIC AROMATIC-AMINES; NATURALLY-OCCURRING ANTIOXIDANTS; GLUTATHIONE-S-TRANSFERASE; DIGESTIVE-TRACT CANCERS; DNA ADDUCT FORMATION; FEMALE F344 RATS; BLACK TEA; GREEN TEA; UDP-GLUCURONOSYLTRANSFERASES; DITERPENES CAFESTOL AB The effects of coffee on the metabolism and genotoxicity of the dietary carcinogen 2-amino-l-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4.5-b]pyridine (PhIP) were investigated. Coffee diminished the bacterial mutagenicity of PhIP in the Ames reversion assay through inhibition of cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2), a key enzyme involved in the metabolic activation of PhIP. When given as part of the diet (0, 1 or 5% w/w) to male Fischer-344 rats for 2 weeks, coffee affected the expression of hepatic enzymes involved in PhIP metabolism. Coffee increased the expression of CYP1A2 by 16-fold in the 5% coffee-treated group, and approximately half of this inductive effect was attributed to caffeine. Coffee also increased the expression of enzymes involved in the detoxication of PhIP. A 2-fold increase in expression of glutathione S-transferase alpha was observed, UDP-glucuronosyl transferase (UGTs) activities of p-nitrophenol increased 2-fold, while N-2-and N3-glucuronidation of the genotoxic metabolite 2-hydroxyamino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (HONH-PhIP) increased by 1.3-fold in the 5% coffee-treated over the control group. The amount of PhIP (0.75 mg/kg, 24 h) eliminated in urine as the N-2-and N3-glucuronide conjugates of HONH-PhIP increased by 1.8- and 2.5-fold. respectively, in the 5% coffee-treated group over control rats, suggesting either increased rates of N-oxidation of PhIP or N-glcuronidation of HONH-PhIP. Despite the strong induction of CYP1A2, there was no increase in PhIP-DNA adduct formation in colon and pancreas while liver adducts decreased by 50% over control animals. These data suggest that the effect of coffee on inhibition of PhIP N-oxidation and ensuing DNA damage is more important in vivo than its effect on induction of PhIP N-hydroxylation. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Natl Ctr Toxicol Res, Div Chem, Jefferson, AR 72079 USA. Nestec Ltd, Nestle Res Ctr, CH-1000 Lausanne 26, Switzerland. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biol & Biotechnol Res Program, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Turesky, RJ (reprint author), Natl Ctr Toxicol Res, Div Chem, 3900 NCTR Rd, Jefferson, AR 72079 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR13461] NR 55 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 3 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0009-2797 J9 CHEM-BIOL INTERACT JI Chem.-Biol. Interact. PD JUN 15 PY 2003 VL 145 IS 3 BP 251 EP 265 DI 10.1016/S0009-2797(03)00022-X PG 15 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 681BF UT WOS:000183016200002 PM 12732453 ER PT J AU Liu, CX Zachara, JM Qafoku, O Smith, SC AF Liu, CX Zachara, JM Qafoku, O Smith, SC TI Effect of temperature on Cs+ sorption and desorption in subsurface sediments at the Hanford Site, USA SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CLAY-MINERALS; FIXATION; CESIUM; RADIONUCLIDES; MOBILIZATION; ILLITE AB The effects of temperature on Cs+ sorption and desorption were investigated in subsurface sediments from the U.S. Department of Energy Hanford Site. The site has been contaminated at several locations by the accidental leakage of high-level nuclear waste (HLW) containing Cs-137(+). The high temperature of the self-boiling, leaked HLW fluid and the continuous decay of various radionuclides carried by the waste supernatant have resulted in elevated vadose temperatures (currently up to 72 degreesC) below the Hanford S-SX tank farm that have dissipated slowly from the time of leakage (1970). The effect of temperature on Cs+ sorption was evaluated through batch binary Cs+-Na+ exchange experiments on pristine sediments, while Cs+ desorption was studied in column experiments using Cs-137(+)- contaminated sediments. Cs+ adsorption generally decreased with increasing temperature, with a more apparent decrease at low aqueous Cs+ concentration (10(-10)-10(-6) mol/L). Cs+ desorption from the contaminated sediments increased with increasing temperature. The results indicated that the free energy of Na+-Cs+ exchange on the Hanford sediment had a significant enthalpy component that was estimated to be -17.87 (+/-2.01) and -4.82 (+/-0.44) kJ/mol (at 298 degreesC) for the high- and low-affinity exchange sites, respectively. Both Cs+ adsorption and desorption at elevated temperature could be well simulated by a two-site ion exchange model, with the conditional exchange constants corrected by the exchange enthalpy effect. The effect of temperature on Cs+ desorption kinetics was also evaluated using a stop-flow technique. The kinetics of desorption of the exchangeable pool (which was less than the total adsorbed concentration) were found to be rapid under the conditions studied. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Liu, CX (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999,MSIN K8-96, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI Liu, Chongxuan/C-5580-2009 NR 18 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 3 U2 32 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUN 15 PY 2003 VL 37 IS 12 BP 2640 EP 2645 DI 10.1021/es02622fh PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 689QR UT WOS:000183504900003 PM 12854700 ER PT J AU Niemann, C Neff, S Tauschwitz, A Penache, D Birkner, R Constantin, C Knobloch, R Presura, R Rosmej, FB Hoffmann, DHH Yu, SS AF Niemann, C Neff, S Tauschwitz, A Penache, D Birkner, R Constantin, C Knobloch, R Presura, R Rosmej, FB Hoffmann, DHH Yu, SS TI Laser-guided, intersecting discharge channels for the final beam transport in heavy-ion fusion SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PLASMA-CHANNEL AB Ion-beam transport in space charge neutralizing discharge channels has been proposed for the final focus and chamber transport in a heavy-ion fusion reactor. A driver scenario with two-sided target illumination requires a system of two intersecting discharges to transport beams of the same charge from opposite sides towards the fusion target. In this article we report on experiments on the creation of free-standing, intersecting high-current discharge channels. The discharges are initiated in ammonia gas (NH3) in a metallic chamber by two perpendicular CO2-laser beams, which resonantly heat and subsequently rarefy the gas along the laser paths before the breakdown. These low density channels guide the discharges along the predefined paths and also around the 90degrees angles without any mechanical guiding structures. In this way stable X-, T-, and L-shaped discharges with currents in excess of 40 kA, at pressures of a few mbar were created with a total length of 110 cm. An 11.4 A MeV Ni-58(+12) beam from the UNILAC (Universal Linear Accelerator) linear accelerator was used to probe the line-integrated ion-optical properties of the central channel in a T-shaped discharge. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Tech Univ Darmstadt, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Niemann, C (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Hoffmann, Dieter H.H./A-5265-2008 NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 15 PY 2003 VL 93 IS 12 BP 9470 EP 9476 DI 10.1063/1.1569395 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 685XD UT WOS:000183288900009 ER PT J AU Jellison, GE Boatner, LA Budai, JD Jeong, BS Norton, DP AF Jellison, GE Boatner, LA Budai, JD Jeong, BS Norton, DP TI Spectroscopic ellipsometry of thin film and bulk anatase (TiO2) SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; 2-MODULATOR GENERALIZED ELLIPSOMETRY; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; RUTILE TIO2; GROWTH; SUBSTRATE; CRYSTALS; SENSORS; LAALO3; TENSOR AB Spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE) measurements were made on thin-film and single-crystal TiO2 anatase using a two-modulator generalized ellipsometer. The TiO2 films were epitaxially stabilized on a LaAlO3 substrate in the anatase crystal structure using reactive sputter deposition. The films were highly crystalline, possessing a "stepped surface" morphology indicative of atomic layer-by-layer growth. The SE results for the anatase film indicate that the material is essentially oriented with the c axis perpendicular to the substrate, but there is some anisotropy near the interface and the surface. Corrugations of the film surface, as observed using atomic force microscopy, are consistent with a surface structure needed to create cross polarization. Accurate values of the optical functions of crystalline anatase were obtained above and below the band edge using SE. Above the band edge, both the ordinary and extraordinary complex dielectric functions exhibited two critical points. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM jellisongejr@ornl.gov RI Boatner, Lynn/I-6428-2013; Budai, John/R-9276-2016 OI Boatner, Lynn/0000-0002-0235-7594; Budai, John/0000-0002-7444-1306 NR 37 TC 137 Z9 138 U1 5 U2 53 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 15 PY 2003 VL 93 IS 12 BP 9537 EP 9541 DI 10.1063/1.1573737 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 685XD UT WOS:000183288900018 ER PT J AU Addessio, FL Zuo, QH Mason, TA Brinson, LC AF Addessio, FL Zuo, QH Mason, TA Brinson, LC TI Model for high-strain-rate deformation of uranium-niobium alloys SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SHAPE-MEMORY ALLOY; MULTIVARIANT MICROMECHANICAL MODEL; PHASE-TRANSFORMATIONS; PLASTIC BEHAVIOR; NUMERICAL APPROACH; STEELS; INTEGRATION; FRACTURE AB A thermodynamic approach is used to develop a framework for modeling uranium-niobium alloys under the conditions of high-strain rate. Using this framework, a three-dimensional phenomenological model, which includes nonlinear elasticity (equation of state), phase transformation, crystal reorientation, rate-dependent plasticity, and porosity growth, is presented. An implicit numerical technique is used to solve the evolution equations for the material state. Comparisons are made between the model and data for low-strain rate loading and unloading as well as heating and cooling experiments. Comparisons of the model and data also are made for low- and high-strain-rate uniaxial stress and uniaxial strain experiments. A uranium-6 wt % niobium alloy is used in comparisons of the model and experiment. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Northwestern Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RP Addessio, FL (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Brinson, L. Catherine/B-6678-2009; Brinson, L Catherine/B-1315-2013 OI Brinson, L Catherine/0000-0003-2551-1563 NR 53 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 15 PY 2003 VL 93 IS 12 BP 9644 EP 9654 DI 10.1063/1.1576302 PG 11 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 685XD UT WOS:000183288900035 ER PT J AU Weeks, RA Bogard, JS Elam, JM Weinand, DC Kramer, A AF Weeks, RA Bogard, JS Elam, JM Weinand, DC Kramer, A TI Effects of thermal annealing on the radiation produced electron paramagnetic resonance spectra of bovine and equine tooth enamel: Fossil and modern SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ESR; DEPENDENCE AB The concentration of stable radiation-induced paramagnetic states in fossil teeth can be used as a measure of sample age. Temperature excursions >100 degreesC, however, can cause the paramagnetic state clock to differ from the actual postmortem time. We have heated irradiated enamel from both fossilized bovid and modern equine (MEQ) teeth for 30 min in 50 degreesC increments from 100 to 300 degreesC, measuring the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectrum after each anneal, to investigate such effects. Samples were irradiated again after the last anneal, with doses of 300-1200 Gy from Co-60 photons, and measured. Two unirradiated MEQ samples were also annealed for 30 min at 300 degreesC, one in an evacuated EPR tube and the other in a tube open to the atmosphere, and subsequently irradiated. The data showed that hyperfine components attributed to the alanine radical were not detected in the irradiated MEQ sample until after the anneals. The spectrum of the MEQ sample heated in air and then irradiated was similar to that of the heat treated fossil sample. We conclude that the hyperfine components are due to sample heating to temperatures/times >100 degreesC/30 min and that similarities between fossil and MEQ spectra after the 300 degreesC/30 min MEQ anneal are also due to sample heating. We conclude that the presence of the hyperfine components in spectra of fossil tooth enamel indicate that such thermal events occurred either at the time of death, or during the postmortem history. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Vanderbilt Univ, Greenback, TN 37742 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Anthropol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Weeks, RA (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, 331 Southshore Dr, Greenback, TN 37742 USA. NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 15 PY 2003 VL 93 IS 12 BP 9880 EP 9889 DI 10.1063/1.1576290 PG 10 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 685XD UT WOS:000183288900070 ER PT J AU Toney, MF Lee, WY Hedstrom, JA Kellock, A AF Toney, MF Lee, WY Hedstrom, JA Kellock, A TI Thickness and growth temperature dependence of structure and magnetism in FePt thin films SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MAGNETOCRYSTALLINE ANISOTROPY; RECORDING MEDIA; HIGH-COERCIVITY; CHEMICAL ORDER; ALLOY-FILMS; SPIN VALVES; COPT; FERROMAGNETS; MICROSTRUCTURE; PHASE AB We describe structural and magnetic measurements of polycrystalline, L1(0) chemically ordered Fe(55-60)Pt(45-40) films as a function of film thickness (from 3 to 13 nm) and growth temperature (270-370 degreesC). With increasing film thickness, the coercivity increases from about 1 kOe up to 11 kOe (growth at 400 degreesC), while for increasing growth temperature, the coercivity grows from 0.2 to 6 kOe for 4.3 nm thick films and 1.6 to 10 kOe for 8.5 nm thick films. There is a strong, nearly linear correlation between coercivity and the extent of L1(0) chemical order. In all the films there is a mixture of L1(0) and chemically disordered, fcc phases. The grain size in the L1(0) phase increases with both film thickness and growth temperature (increasing chemical order), while in the fcc phase the grain size remains nearly constant and is smaller than in the L1(0) phase. The films all contain twins and stacking faults. The relationship between the coercivity and the film structure is discussed and we give a possible mechanism for the lack of chemical order in the very thin films (lack of nucleation sites for the L1(0) phase). (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 IBM Corp, Almaden Res Ctr, IBM Res Div, San Jose, CA 95120 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. Hitachi Global Storage Technol, San Jose, CA 95193 USA. RP Toney, MF (reprint author), IBM Corp, Almaden Res Ctr, IBM Res Div, 650 Harry Rd, San Jose, CA 95120 USA. NR 37 TC 82 Z9 84 U1 1 U2 17 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 15 PY 2003 VL 93 IS 12 BP 9902 EP 9907 DI 10.1063/1.1577226 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 685XD UT WOS:000183288900073 ER PT J AU Jiang, CS Moutinho, HR Friedman, DJ Geisz, JF Al-Jassim, MM AF Jiang, CS Moutinho, HR Friedman, DJ Geisz, JF Al-Jassim, MM TI Measurement of built-in electrical potential in III-V solar cells by scanning Kelvin probe microscopy SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTOR; FORCE MICROSCOPY; BAND OFFSETS; CAPACITANCE MICROSCOPY; 2-DIMENSIONAL DOPANT; SURFACE-STATES; GAINP/GAAS; SEMICONDUCTORS; PHOTOEMISSION; PROFILES AB We report on direct measurements of the built-in electrical potential in III-V semiconductor-based solar cell devices by using scanning Kelvin probe microscopy. Potential profiles on cross sections of the devices were measured quantitatively and spatially resolved in open and short circuits, under and without illuminations, with selective photon energies matching band gaps of the junctions. The measurements provide valuable information about the electrical properties of the devices, and are useful for understanding the performance of solar cells. On a GaInP2-single junction cell, two potential features were measured and were assigned to the p-n junction and the potential barrier at the interface between the GaInP2 base layer and the GaAs substrate. The potential on the p-n junction is photoactive, and that on the GaInP2/GaAs interface is photoinactive. On a GaInP2/GaAs tandem cell, two potential features were measured near the top and the bottom p-n junctions. When the sample was illuminated by light with photon energies larger than the band gap of the top junction, in the condition of short circuit, a potential peak appeared on the boundary between the bottom cell and tunnel junction due to charge accumulations on the bottom junction. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Jiang, CS (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RI jiang, chun-sheng/F-7839-2012 NR 26 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 1 U2 24 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 15 PY 2003 VL 93 IS 12 BP 10035 EP 10040 DI 10.1063/1.1573736 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 685XD UT WOS:000183288900096 ER PT J AU Yu, MH Lewis, LH Moodenbaugh, AR AF Yu, MH Lewis, LH Moodenbaugh, AR TI Large magnetic entropy change in the metallic antiperovskite Mn3GaC SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID TRANSITION; ALLOYS; FIELD; PRESSURE AB A large positive magnetic entropy change DeltaS(M) is observed in the metallic antiperovskite Mn3GaC near its first-order metamagnetic transition temperature 159 K where the stoichiometric compound transforms from an antiferromagnetic to a canted ferromagnetic state accompanied by a discontinuous volume change of -0.46% without change of symmetry. The unusual field dependence of the DeltaS(M) of Mn3GaC shows a very rapid linear increase from zero to a saturation value within a field interval smaller than 1 T. The broadening of the peak of DeltaS(M) to low temperature with increasing field change creates an DeltaS(M) plateau in the temperature dependence of the MCE, which is of significance for practical application of these materials in the Ericsson-cycle magnetic refrigerator. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Mat Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Yu, MH (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Mat Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 12 TC 78 Z9 81 U1 1 U2 26 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 15 PY 2003 VL 93 IS 12 BP 10128 EP 10130 DI 10.1063/1.1574591 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 685XD UT WOS:000183288900112 ER PT J AU Schmeichel, KL Bissell, MJ AF Schmeichel, KL Bissell, MJ TI Modeling tissue-specific signaling and organ function in three dimensions SO JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE LA English DT Review DE human epithelial cells; three dimensional; organotypic models; tissue-specific signaling ID MAMMARY EPITHELIAL-CELLS; RECONSTITUTED BASEMENT-MEMBRANE; FLOATING COLLAGEN MEMBRANES; CAPILLARY-LIKE STRUCTURES; HUMAN-ENDOTHELIAL CELLS; HUMAN BREAST EPITHELIUM; HUMAN EPIDERMAL-CELLS; EMBRYONAL STEM-CELLS; EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX; IN-VITRO AB In order to translate the findings from basic cellular research into clinical applications, cell-based models need to recapitulate both the 3D organization and multicellular complexity of an organ but at the same time accommodate systematic experimental intervention. Here we describe a hierarchy of tractable 3D models that range in complexity from organotypic 3D cultures (both monotypic and multicellular) to animal-based recombinations in vivo. Implementation of these physiologically relevant models, illustrated here in the context of human epithelial tissues, has enabled the study of intrinsic cell regulation pathways and also has provided compelling evidence for the role of the stromal compartment in directing epithelial cell function and dysfunction. Furthermore the experimental accessibility afforded by these tissue-specific 3D models has implications for the design and development of cancer therapies. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Bissell, MJ (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 83-101, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [R01 CA064786-04A1, CA57621, CA64786-02, R01 CA057621, R01 CA057621-07, R01 CA064786, R37 CA064786] NR 133 TC 327 Z9 337 U1 5 U2 54 PU COMPANY OF BIOLOGISTS LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA BIDDER BUILDING CAMBRIDGE COMMERCIAL PARK COWLEY RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 4DL, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 0021-9533 J9 J CELL SCI JI J. Cell Sci. PD JUN 15 PY 2003 VL 116 IS 12 BP 2377 EP 2388 DI 10.1242/jcs.00503 PG 12 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 694HE UT WOS:000183768000001 PM 12766184 ER PT J AU Colavecchia, FD Mrugala, F Parker, GA Pack, RT AF Colavecchia, FD Mrugala, F Parker, GA Pack, RT TI Accurate quantum calculations on three-body collisions in recombination and collision-induced dissociation. II. The smooth variable discretization enhanced renormalized Numerov propagator SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID LOG-DERIVATIVE METHOD; DIFFERENTIAL-EQUATIONS; REACTIVE SCATTERING; NUMERICAL-METHODS; PROBABILITIES; COORDINATE; MECHANISMS; DYNAMICS; STATES AB We introduce a novel solution of the coupled- channel Schrodinger equation. This new procedure dramatically improves on our previous paper on this subject. The method uses a truly adiabatic internal basis and combines a smooth variable discretization ( SVD) with an enhanced renormalized Numerov (ERN) propagator. Although the basis is truly adiabatic, this method does not require derivative coupling terms, and it involves less numerical work than previous SVD approaches. Boundary conditions are applied using Jacobi coordinates for bound states and using hyperspherical coordinates for continuum states; that allows application of the boundary conditions at smaller distances. We apply this new algorithm to the model collision- induced dissociation process Ne-2 + H --> Ne + Ne + H for zero total angular momentum. We study the convergence of the probabilities as a function of the number of channels, distance propagated, and step size in the propagation. The method is fast, reliable, and provides considerable savings over previous propagators. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Nicholas Copernicus Univ, Inst Phys, PL-87100 Torun, Poland. Univ Oklahoma, Dept Phys & Astron, Norman, OK 73019 USA. RP Colavecchia, FD (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, T-12,MS B268, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Parker, Gregory/A-4327-2009; Mrugala, Felicja/G-3813-2014 OI Parker, Gregory/0000-0002-0225-8887; NR 39 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 4 U2 16 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUN 15 PY 2003 VL 118 IS 23 BP 10387 EP 10398 DI 10.1063/1.1573186 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 683AJ UT WOS:000183124300005 ER PT J AU Kendrick, BK AF Kendrick, BK TI Quantum reactive scattering calculations for the D+H-2 -> HD+H reaction SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DIFFERENTIAL CROSS-SECTIONS; POTENTIAL-ENERGY SURFACE; STATE TRANSITION-PROBABILITIES; LOG-DERIVATIVE METHOD; GEOMETRIC PHASE; H+D-2->HD+D REACTION; CONICAL INTERSECTION; REACTION DYNAMICS; COLLISION ENERGIES; H+O-2 SCATTERING AB The results of accurate quantum scattering calculations in symmetrized hyperspherical coordinates are reported for the D + H-2(upsilon, j) --> HD(upsilon', j') + H reaction at 48 values of total energy in the range 0.4-2.32 eV. Integral and differential cross sections are computed using the Boothroyd-Keogh-Martin-Peterson (BKMP2) potential energy surface for all values of total angular momentum J less than or equal to 34. Two sets of calculations are reported: one set includes the effects of the geometric phase and the other does not. By comparing these two sets of calculations, the effects of the geometric phase on the scattering results are investigated both as a function of total energy and total angular momentum. Several transition state resonances survive the sum over J and are observed in many of the fully converged state-to-state integral and differential cross sections. In some cases a series of resonances is observed. The energy spacings between many of the resonances are consistent with the energy spacings between the even or odd bending modes of the quantized transition states of H-3. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Kendrick, BK (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, T-12,MS-B268, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 71 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUN 15 PY 2003 VL 118 IS 23 BP 10502 EP 10522 DI 10.1063/1.1573183 PG 21 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 683AJ UT WOS:000183124300017 ER PT J AU Guo, R Balasubramanian, K Schaefer, HF AF Guo, R Balasubramanian, K Schaefer, HF TI The treacherous potential energy hypersurface of AgSiO SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID RELATIVISTIC EFFECTIVE POTENTIALS; SPIN-ORBIT OPERATORS; ATOMIC SILVER; SIO; AG; MOLECULES; COMPLEXES; AU AB The AgSiO system has been a source of puzzlement for more than a decade, with experimental and theoretical studies providing bewildering conclusions regarding the structure of the molecule. State-of-the-art coupled cluster and multireference configuration interaction methods have been applied in the present work, in conjunction with techniques designed to incorporate relativistic effects. With the coupled cluster single and double excitation with perturbatively applied triples method [CCSD(T)], the Ag-SiO dissociation energy is predicted to be 6.8 kcal/mole, with the equilibrium structure being a nearly isosceles triangle. However, a second minimum Ag-O-Si structure with bond angle similar to150degrees lies at less than 1 kcal/mole. With the multireference CI approach (up to 48 million configurations) the energetic order of these two minima is reversed. In contrast, both second-order perturbation theory and density functional theory predict an Ag-Si-O structure with bond angle similar to115degrees to be the global minimum. The present theoretical results represent a major step forward. However, it is clear that AgSiO will be the subject of experimental and theoretical studies for some time to come. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem & Appl Mat Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Glenn T Seaborg Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Georgia, Ctr Computat Quantum Chem, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Guo, R (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Guo, Rui/F-2384-2012 NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUN 15 PY 2003 VL 118 IS 23 BP 10623 EP 10630 DI 10.1063/1.1573175 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 683AJ UT WOS:000183124300029 ER PT J AU Csaszar, AG Leininger, ML Szalay, V AF Csaszar, AG Leininger, ML Szalay, V TI The standard enthalpy of formation of CH2 SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Review ID MOLECULAR VIBRATIONAL ANHARMONICITY; RELATIVISTIC ENERGY CORRECTIONS; CONFIGURATION-INTERACTION LIMIT; BORN-OPPENHEIMER APPROXIMATION; BOND-DISSOCIATION ENERGIES; HIGHER-DERIVATIVE METHODS; LASER MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; AB-INITIO DETERMINATION; SET MODEL CHEMISTRY; GAUSSIAN-BASIS SETS AB High-quality ab initio quantum chemical methods, including higher-order coupled cluster and full configuration interaction benchmarks, with basis sets ranging from [C/H] [4s3p1d/2s1p] to [9s8p7d5f4g3h2i/7s6p5d4f3g2h] have been employed to obtain the best technically possible value for the standard enthalpy of formation of (X) over tilde B-3(1) CH2 and (a) over tilde (1)A(1) CH2. Careful extrapolations of finite basis MP2, CCSD, CCSD(T), and CCSDT energies to the complete basis set full configuration interaction limit plus inclusion of small corrections owing to relativistic effects, core correlation, and the diagonal Born-Oppenheimer correction results in the final extrapolated enthalpies of formation of this study, Delta(f)H(0)(o)( (X) over tilde B-3(1) CH2) = 390.45(-0.64)(+0.68) kJ mol(-1) and Delta(f)H(0)(o)((a) over tilde (1)A(1) CH2) = 428.10(-0.64)(+0.68) kJ mol(-1). The computed value for <()over tilde> B-3(1) CH2 is in between the best two experimental results of 389.87+/-0.86 and 390.73+/-0.66 kJ mol(-1). The elaborate calculations leading to these enthalpies of formation also resulted in accurate estimates of the singlet-triplet splitting, T-0((a) over tilde (1)A(1) CH2) = 37.54(-0.29)(+0.41) kJ mol(-1), in excellent agreement with the best empirical value of 37.65+/-0.06 kJ mol(-1), of the total atomization enthalpy, D-0((X) over tilde B-3(1) CH2) = 753.03(-0.62)(+0.43) kJ mol(-1), in excellent agreement with the best experimental value of 753.3 kJ mol(-1), of the bond dissociation energy, D-U1(o)(0 K)(CH-H) = 417.85+/-0.35 kJ mol(-1), and of the quartic force field representations of the potentials of the two states around their respective minima. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Eotvos Lorand Univ, Dept Theoret Chem, H-1518 Budapest 112, Hungary. Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Hungarian Acad Sci, Res Inst Solid State Phys & Opt, Crystal Phys Lab, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary. RP Csaszar, AG (reprint author), Eotvos Lorand Univ, Dept Theoret Chem, POB 32, H-1518 Budapest 112, Hungary. EM csaszar@chem.elte.hu; mlleini@ca.sandia.gov RI Csaszar, Attila/A-5241-2009; Szalay, Viktor/J-5011-2016 NR 114 TC 62 Z9 63 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUN 15 PY 2003 VL 118 IS 23 BP 10631 EP 10642 DI 10.1063/1.1573180 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 683AJ UT WOS:000183124300030 ER PT J AU Sloutskin, E Kraack, H Gang, O Ocko, BM Sirota, EB Deutsch, M AF Sloutskin, E Kraack, H Gang, O Ocko, BM Sirota, EB Deutsch, M TI A thin-thick transition in the surface-frozen layer of a binary alcohol mixture SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID N-ALKANE SOLUTIONS; CHAIN MOLECULES; LIQUID-CRYSTAL; PHASES; NEAT AB A new quadrilayer surface phase, and its transition to bilayer and liquid surface phases, are observed by x-ray and surface tension measurements in the surface-frozen layer of a binary mixture of similar to20%C26OH:80%C18OH alcohols. The surface phase diagram is rationalized qualitatively based on the free energy landscape. A quantitative elucidation of the molecular-level origin of these effects is not currently available. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Bar Ilan Univ, Dept Phys, IL-52900 Ramat Gan, Israel. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. ExxonMobil Res & Engn Co, Annandale, NJ 08801 USA. RP Deutsch, M (reprint author), Bar Ilan Univ, Dept Phys, IL-52900 Ramat Gan, Israel. RI Sirota, Eric/A-7633-2009 NR 20 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUN 15 PY 2003 VL 118 IS 23 BP 10729 EP 10734 DI 10.1063/1.1574313 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 683AJ UT WOS:000183124300040 ER PT J AU Sawyer, RH Washington, LD Salvatore, BA Glenn, TC Knapp, LW AF Sawyer, RH Washington, LD Salvatore, BA Glenn, TC Knapp, LW TI Origin of archosaurian integumentary appendages: The bristles of the wild turkey beard express feather-type beta keratins SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY PART B-MOLECULAR AND DEVELOPMENTAL EVOLUTION LA English DT Article ID AVIAN SCALE DEVELOPMENT; ANTERIOR SHANK SKIN; EVOLUTIONARY ORIGIN; YIXIAN FORMATION; SCUTATE SCALE; FOOT SCALES; MORPHOGENESIS; DINOSAUR; CHINA; KERATINIZATION AB The discovery that structurally unique "filamentous integumentary appendages" are associated with several different non-avian dinosaurs continues to stimulate the development of models to explain the evolutionary origin of feathers. Taking the phylogenetic relationships of the non-avian dinosaurs into consideration, some models propose that the "filamentous integumentary appendages" represent intermediate stages in the sequential evolution of feathers. Here we present observations on a unique integumentary structure, the bristle of the wild turkey beard, and suggest that this non-feather appendage provides another explanation for some of the "filamentous integumentary appendages." Unlike feathers, beard bristles grow continuously from finger-like outgrows of the integument lacking follicles. We find that these beard bristles, which show simple branching, are hollow, distally, and express the feather-type beta keratins. The significance of these observations to explanations for the evolution of archosaurian integumentary appendages is discussed. (C) 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Univ S Carolina, Dept Sci Biol, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Univ S Carolina, Dept Chem & Biochem, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29202 USA. RP Sawyer, RH (reprint author), Univ S Carolina, Dept Sci Biol, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. RI Glenn, Travis/A-2390-2008 NR 78 TC 22 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0022-104X J9 J EXP ZOOL PART B JI J. Exp. Zool. Part B PD JUN 15 PY 2003 VL 297B IS 1 BP 27 EP 34 DI 10.1002/jez.b.00017 PG 8 WC Evolutionary Biology; Developmental Biology; Zoology SC Evolutionary Biology; Developmental Biology; Zoology GA 687DW UT WOS:000183361600003 PM 12955841 ER PT J AU Zenou, VY Kusinski, G Yue, L Thomas, G AF Zenou, VY Kusinski, G Yue, L Thomas, G TI Structure and magnetic properties of nano-structured heterogeneous Au-Co alloys SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID GIANT MAGNETORESISTANCE; CU-CO; MICROSTRUCTURE; GMR; SYSTEMS; FILMS AB High-resolution and analytical transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, magnetic and magnetoresistance measurements were used to investigate nanostructures of melt-spun Au86Co14 and Au78Co22 alloys. The microstructure of the Au86Co14 alloy was composed of very small Co precipitates inside the Au grains with some larger Co precipitates (20-35 nm) dispersed at the grain boundaries, while the microstructure of the Au78Co22 alloy consisted of Au/Co lamellar eutectic grains with Co precipitates (50-70 nm) dispersed at the grain boundaries. A few grains had very small (4 nm) Co precipitates. Annealing at 773 K for 10 min caused Co depletion in the Au matrix from 5.4-10 at.% to 0.9-2.0 at.%. Annealing also caused transitions from superparamagnetic to ferromagnetic and from single to multiple domain magnetic structure of some of the small and some of the larger Co precipitates, respectively. The MR ratios (Deltarho/rho, in magnetic field of 14.5 kOe) of the as-cast Au86Co14 and Au78Co22 alloys were 2.5% and 2.6%, respectively. Annealing of the alloys at 673 K for 1 hr reduced Deltarho/rho to 0.9-1%. (C) 2003 Kluwer Academic Publishers. C1 Nucl Res Ctr Negev, IL-84190 Beer Sheva, Israel. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Nebraska, Ctr Mat Res & Anal, Lincoln, NE 68515 USA. RP Zenou, VY (reprint author), Nucl Res Ctr Negev, POB 9001, IL-84190 Beer Sheva, Israel. NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 8 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-2461 J9 J MATER SCI JI J. Mater. Sci. PD JUN 15 PY 2003 VL 38 IS 12 BP 2679 EP 2688 DI 10.1023/A:1024446905266 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 693EQ UT WOS:000183703800018 ER PT J AU Matthew, BA Green, DJ Glass, SJ AF Matthew, BA Green, DJ Glass, SJ TI Fracture behavior of engineered stress profile soda lime silicate glass SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS LA English DT Article ID ION-EXCHANGED GLASS; STRENGTH VARIABILITY; STABILITY; CRACKING AB Multi-step ion-exchange processing can produce complex stress profiles in glass surfaces, which can result in increased fracture strength, reduced strength dispersion, flaw tolerance and multiple cracking behavior. Glass displaying this set of properties is termed engineered stress profile (ESP) glass. Treatments at 400-450 degreesC in molten KNO3 and NaNO3 salt baths were used to create residual stresses in the surface of soda lime silicate float glass. Stress profiles were measured using optical stress birefringence, allowing derivation of apparent fracture toughness curves and prediction of crack stability over a range of flaw sizes. Specimens were tested in the four-point bend configuration to determine fracture strength and to study the multiple cracking which results from crack growth stabilization. The results were compared to predictions from the fracture toughness curves, in terms of the strength dispersion and crack stability criteria. Indented specimens were tested to determine the response of the glass to contact damage. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Matthew, BA (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. NR 19 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3093 J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids PD JUN 15 PY 2003 VL 321 IS 1-2 BP 10 EP 19 DI 10.1016/S0022-3093(03)00021-8 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 684CE UT WOS:000183187200003 ER PT J AU Narayanan, RA AF Narayanan, RA TI Prediction of chalcogenide glassy phase diagrams (vol 318, pg 213, 2003) SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS LA English DT Correction C1 Indian Inst Sci, Dept Phys, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India. RP Narayanan, RA (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Intense Pulsed Neutron Source Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3093 J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids PD JUN 15 PY 2003 VL 321 IS 1-2 BP 134 EP 135 DI 10.1016/S0022-3093(03)00119-4 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 684CE UT WOS:000183187200017 ER PT J AU Matsukawa, Y Yasunaga, K Komatsu, M Kiritani, M AF Matsukawa, Y Yasunaga, K Komatsu, M Kiritani, M TI Dynamic observation of dislocation-free plastic deformation in gold thin foils SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on High-Speed Plastic Deformation CY JAN 09-11, 2002 CL HIROSHIMA, JAPAN DE transmission electron microscope; plastic deformation; dislocation; point defect ID NUCLEATION; METALS AB Ductile fracture of metals produces a thin foil portion, which is observable by transmission electron microscopy, at the fractured edge. The thin foil portion shows unusual deformation microstructure, which contains no dislocations, but contains vacancy-type point defect clusters at extraordinarily high density. Dynamic observation of the deformation process revealed that these defect clusters are produced in the portion of local heavy deformation; however, no dislocation motion was observed during the course of the heavy plastic deformation, constituting direct evidence that the unusual deformation microstructure is produced by plastic deformation without dislocations. Also, the deformation was found to involve 14% elastic deformation, indicating that the dislocation-free plastic deformation occurs under an extraordinarily high internal stress level of more than 10 GPa, which is comparable to the ideal strength of metals. Furthermore, during the dislocation-free plastic deformation, equal-thickness fringes were found to disappear temporarily, suggesting that instability of crystalline state under extraordinarily high internal stress level is a key factor for the mechanism of dislocation-free plastic deformation. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Hiroshima Inst Technol, Acad Frontier Res Ctr Ultra High Speed Plast Defo, Saeki Ku, Hiroshima 7315143, Japan. RP Matsukawa, Y (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Matsukawa, Yoshitaka/C-2274-2011 OI Matsukawa, Yoshitaka/0000-0002-7888-3478 NR 8 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD JUN 15 PY 2003 VL 350 IS 1-2 BP 8 EP 16 AR PII S0921-5093(02)00689-5 DI 10.1016/S0921-5093(02)00689-5 PG 9 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 678BK UT WOS:000182845000004 ER PT J AU Matsukawa, Y Yasunaga, K Komatsu, M Kiritani, M AF Matsukawa, Y Yasunaga, K Komatsu, M Kiritani, M TI Dynamic observation of dislocation-free deformation process in Al, Cu, and Ni thin foils SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on High-Speed Plastic Deformation CY JAN 09-11, 2002 CL HIROSHIMA, JAPAN DE transmission electron microscope; plastic deformation; dislocation; point defect ID POINT-DEFECT CLUSTERS; ELECTRON-IRRADIATION; IDENTIFICATION AB Dislocation-free plastic deformation, which occurs under extraordinarily high internal stress comparable to ideal strength of metals, was discovered in thin foil portion produced by ductile fracture of fcc Au by dynamic observation of the deformation process [1-5]. In the present study, the deformation process of thin foil portion in other fcc metals (Al, Cu, Ni) was examined in the same manner. In all these fcc metals, production of vacancy-type point defect clusters was confirmed during deformation without dislocations. Also, the dislocation-free deformation was found to progress under extraordinarily high internal stress levels corresponding to 14% elastic deformation in Ni, 12% in Cu, and 4% in Al. Especially in Al, as temperature decreased, the number density of stacking fault tetrahedra produced during deformation increased, along with increasing of the detected elastic deformation. These results indicate that internal stress level is a key factor in generalizing the new theory regarding dislocation-free plastic deformation. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Hiroshima Inst Technol, Acad Frontier Res Ctr Ultra High Speed Plast Defo, Saeki Ku, Hiroshima 7315143, Japan. RP Matsukawa, Y (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Matsukawa, Yoshitaka/C-2274-2011 OI Matsukawa, Yoshitaka/0000-0002-7888-3478 NR 9 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD JUN 15 PY 2003 VL 350 IS 1-2 BP 17 EP 24 AR PII S0921-5093(02)00691-3 DI 10.1016/S0921-5093(02)00691-3 PG 8 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 678BK UT WOS:000182845000005 ER PT J AU Cecconi, F del-Castillo-Negrete, D Falcioni, M Vulpiani, A AF Cecconi, F del-Castillo-Negrete, D Falcioni, M Vulpiani, A TI The origin of diffusion: the case of non-chaotic systems SO PHYSICA D-NONLINEAR PHENOMENA LA English DT Article DE diffusion; chaos ID MICROSCOPIC CHAOS; STATISTICAL-MECHANICS; TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; KOLMOGOROV-ENTROPY; PERIODIC-ORBITS; RANDOM-WALKS; UNIT TIME; NOISE AB We investigate the origin of diffusion in non-chaotic systems. As an example, we consider 1D map models whose slope is everywhere 1 (therefore the Lyapunov exponent is zero) but with random quenched discontinuities and quasi-periodic forcing. The models are constructed as non-chaotic approximations of chaotic maps showing deterministic diffusion, and represent one-dimensional versions of a Lorentz gas with polygonal obstacles (e.g., the Ehrenfest wind-tree model). In particular, a simple construction shows that these maps define non-chaotic billiards in space-time. The models exhibit, in a wide range of the parameters, the same diffusive behavior of the corresponding chaotic versions. We present evidence of two sufficient ingredients for diffusive behavior in one-dimensional, non-chaotic systems: (i) a finite size, algebraic instability mechanism; (ii) a mechanism that suppresses periodic orbits. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Univ Roma La Sapienza, INFM, Ctr Stat Mech & Complex, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Cecconi, F (reprint author), Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, Ple A Moro 2, I-00185 Rome, Italy. EM fabio.cecconi@roma1.infn.it RI Cecconi, Fabio/B-3777-2009; Vulpiani, Angelo/B-9664-2011; OI Cecconi, Fabio/0000-0001-8351-248X; del-Castillo-Negrete, Diego/0000-0001-7183-801X NR 30 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2789 J9 PHYSICA D JI Physica D PD JUN 15 PY 2003 VL 180 IS 3-4 BP 129 EP 139 DI 10.1016/S0167-2789(03)00051-4 PG 11 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA 688ZC UT WOS:000183466300001 ER PT J AU Foteinopoulou, S Soukoulis, CM AF Foteinopoulou, S Soukoulis, CM TI Negative refraction and left-handed behavior in two-dimensional photonic crystals SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID PERIODIC DIELECTRIC STRUCTURES; PERFECTLY MATCHED LAYER; LOW-FREQUENCY PLASMONS; BLOCH WAVES; TRANSMISSION; GAP AB We systematically examine the conditions of obtaining left-handed (LH) behavior in photonic crystals. Detailed studies of the phase and group velocities as well as the phase n(p) and group n(g) refractive indices are given. The existence of negative refraction does not guarantee the existence of negative index of refraction and so LH behavior. A wedge type of experiment is suggested, which can unambiguously distinguinsh between cases of negative refraction that occur when left-handed behavior is present from cases that show negative refraction without LH behavior. C1 US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RI Soukoulis, Costas/A-5295-2008 NR 30 TC 223 Z9 228 U1 1 U2 20 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN 15 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 23 AR 235107 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.235107 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 699DM UT WOS:000184040700025 ER PT J AU Luo, X Zhang, SB Wei, SH AF Luo, X Zhang, SB Wei, SH TI Electronic and optical properties of delta-layer GaN/(GaAs)(n) superlattices SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ALLOYS; GAASN; GAN; SHIFT; BAND AB First-principles total energy calculations reveal qualitative differences between delta-layer GaN/(GaAs)(n) superlattices and their corresponding random alloys. Whereas the optical bowing coefficient for the superlattices is typically 30% smaller than that of the alloys with the same concentration, the optical transition matrix elements are comparable to that of GaAs(GaN) and show only weak dependence on nitrogen concentration x. This is because the band-edge states are localized near the GaN region. In contrast, in the random alloys, whereas the conduction band-edge is localized on the N site, the valence band-edge states are increasingly localized into the GaAs-rich region, resulting in significant decrease in optical transitions with increasing x. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM xluo3@uiuc.edu RI Krausnick, Jennifer/D-6291-2013; Zhang, Shengbai/D-4885-2013 OI Zhang, Shengbai/0000-0003-0833-5860 NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN 15 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 23 AR 235305 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.235305 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 699DM UT WOS:000184040700043 ER PT J AU Nakhmanson, SM Calzolari, A Meunier, V Bernholc, J Nardelli, MB AF Nakhmanson, SM Calzolari, A Meunier, V Bernholc, J Nardelli, MB TI Spontaneous polarization and piezoelectricity in boron nitride nanotubes SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE CALCULATIONS; DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; FIRST-PRINCIPLES; PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; CONSTANTS; SYSTEMS; PBTIO3 AB Ab initio calculations of the spontaneous polarization and piezoelectric properties of boron nitride nanotubes show that they are excellent piezoelectric systems with response values larger than those of piezoelectric polymers. The intrinsic chiral symmetry of the nanotubes induces an exact cancellation of the total spontaneous polarization in ideal, isolated nanotubes of arbitrary indices. Breaking of this symmetry by intertube interaction or elastic deformations induces spontaneous polarization comparable to those of wurtzite semiconductors. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Univ Modena & Reggio Emilia, INFM, Natl Res Ctr Nanostruct & Biosyst Surfaces S3, Modena, Italy. Univ Modena & Reggio Emilia, Dipartimento Fis, Modena, Italy. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, CCS, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Nakhmanson, SM (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RI Buongiorno Nardelli, Marco/C-9089-2009; Meunier, Vincent/F-9391-2010; Nakhmanson, Serge/A-6329-2014; Calzolari, Arrigo/B-8448-2015 OI Meunier, Vincent/0000-0002-7013-179X; Calzolari, Arrigo/0000-0002-0244-7717 NR 28 TC 103 Z9 103 U1 2 U2 26 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN 15 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 23 AR 235406 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.235406 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 699DM UT WOS:000184040700074 ER PT J AU Niklasson, AMN Wills, JM Katsnelson, MI Abrikosov, IA Eriksson, O Johansson, B AF Niklasson, AMN Wills, JM Katsnelson, MI Abrikosov, IA Eriksson, O Johansson, B TI Modeling the actinides with disordered local moments SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MEAN-FIELD THEORY; GENERALIZED GRADIENT APPROXIMATION; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; DELTA-PU; MOTT TRANSITION; DENSITY APPROXIMATION; CORRELATED SYSTEMS; 5F ELECTRONS; BAND THEORY; PLUTONIUM AB A first-principles disordered local moment (DLM) picture within the local-spin-density and coherent potential approximations of the actinides is presented. The parameter-free theory gives an accurate description of bond lengths and bulk modulus. The case of delta-Pu is studied in particular, and the calculated density of states is compared to data from photoelectron spectroscopy. The relation between the DLM description, the dynamical mean-field approach, and spin-polarized magnetically ordered modeling is discussed. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Sverdlovsk Met Phys Inst, Ekaterinburg 620219, Russia. Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys, SE-75121 Uppsala, Sweden. Royal Inst Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Katsnelson, Mikhail/D-4359-2012; Eriksson, Olle/E-3265-2014 OI Eriksson, Olle/0000-0001-5111-1374 NR 63 TC 58 Z9 58 U1 4 U2 10 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN 15 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 23 AR 235105 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.235105 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 699DM UT WOS:000184040700023 ER PT J AU Wu, CJ Yang, LH Fried, LE Quenneville, J Martinez, TJ AF Wu, CJ Yang, LH Fried, LE Quenneville, J Martinez, TJ TI Electronic structure of solid 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene under uniaxial compression: Possible role of pressure-induced metallization in energetic materials SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID STATE; GAS; POINTS AB The electronic structure of the energetic crystalline solid TATB (1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene) has been studied as a function of uniaxial compression, in order to examine the insulator-to-metal transition. Both ab initio density-functional theory and configuration interaction methods have been used to determine band gaps. Band-gap closure is found to begin near 47% uniaxial strain. A lower bound for the metallization pressure is predicted at 120 GPa, far above the detonation pressure of TATB. Therefore, we conclude that electronic excitation is not involved in the initial stages of detonation for defect-free crystalline TATB. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Chem, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Wu, CJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM wu5@llnl.gov RI Martinez, Todd/F-4306-2010; Fried, Laurence/L-8714-2014 OI Martinez, Todd/0000-0002-4798-8947; Fried, Laurence/0000-0002-9437-7700 NR 28 TC 64 Z9 68 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN 15 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 23 AR 235101 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.235101 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 699DM UT WOS:000184040700019 ER PT J AU Yoon, S Seong, MJ Geisz, JF Duda, A Mascarenhas, A AF Yoon, S Seong, MJ Geisz, JF Duda, A Mascarenhas, A TI Evolution of electronic states in GaP1-xNx studied by resonant Raman scattering spectroscopy SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID GAP-N; NITROGEN; SEMICONDUCTORS; ALLOYS; BAND AB Two distinct maxima E-W and E-W(') are observed in the resonant Raman scattering profile for the zone-center longitudinal-optical phonon asymmetric linewidth broadening in GaP1-xNx. E-W originates from the X-point conduction-band state perturbed by isolated nitrogen state N-X and the nitrogen-nitrogen (NN) pair and cluster states, and E-W(') from the effective band-edge states which are comprised of NN pairs and clusters. The study reveals that E-W remains stationary with increased nitrogen doping whereas E-W(') closely follows the absorption edge. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Yoon, S (reprint author), Chung Ang Univ, Dept Phys, Seoul 156756, South Korea. NR 20 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN 15 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 23 AR 235209 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.235209 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 699DM UT WOS:000184040700038 ER PT J AU Anchordoqui, LA Goldberg, H Torres, DF AF Anchordoqui, LA Goldberg, H Torres, DF TI Anisotropy at the end of the cosmic ray spectrum? SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID GALACTIC MAGNETIC-FIELD; LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE; PULSAR ROTATION MEASURES; ZATSEPIN-KUZMIN CUTOFF; ENERGY-SPECTRUM; GALAXY; UNIVERSE; RADIO; WELL; EYE AB The starburst galaxies M82 and NGC253 have been proposed as the primary sources of cosmic rays with energies above 10(18.7) eV. For energies greater than or similar to10(20.3) eV the model predicts strong anisotropies. We calculate the probabilities that the latter can be due to chance occurrence. For the highest energy cosmic ray events in this energy region, we find that the observed directionality has less than 1% probability of occurring due to random fluctuations. Moreover, during the first 5 years of operation at Auger, the observation of even half the predicted anisotropy has a probability of less than 10(-5) to occur by chance fluctuation. Thus, this model can be subject to test at very small cost to the Auger priors budget and, whatever the outcome of that test, valuable information on the galactic magnetic field will be obtained. C1 Northeastern Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Northeastern Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RI Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016 OI Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065 NR 72 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUN 15 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 12 AR 123006 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.67.123006 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 699UX UT WOS:000184075300014 ER PT J AU Giddings, SB AF Giddings, SB TI High energy QCD scattering, the shape of gravity on an IR brane, and the Froissart bound SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article AB High-energy scattering in nonconformal gauge theories is investigated using the AdS/conformal field theory (CFT) dual string-gravity theory. It is argued that strong-gravity processes, such as black hole formation, play an important role in the dual dynamics. Further information about this dynamics is found by performing a linearized analysis of gravity for a mass near an infrared brane; this gives the far field approximation to black hole or other strong-gravity effects, and in particular allows us to estimate their shape. From this shape, one can infer a total scattering cross section that grows with center of mass energy as ln(2) E, saturating the Froissart bound. C1 Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, SLAC, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. EM giddings@physics.ucsb.edu NR 27 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUN 15 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 12 AR 126001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.67.126001 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 699UX UT WOS:000184075300082 ER PT J AU Brnicevic, N Basic, I Hoxha, B Planinic, P McCarley, RE AF Brnicevic, N Basic, I Hoxha, B Planinic, P McCarley, RE TI Molybdenum and tungsten methoxo clusters with differently bonded methoxo groups. Crystal structure of [Na(CH3OH)(5)](2)[Mo-6(mu(3)-Br)(8)(OCH3)(6)] SO POLYHEDRON LA English DT Article DE molybdenum clusters; tungsten clusters; methoxo complexes; X-ray crystal structures ID ALCOHOLATE LIGANDS; HALIDE CLUSTERS; SPECTROSCOPIC PROPERTIES; VIBRATIONAL-SPECTRA; X-I=CL; BR; MO6BR12.2H2O AB New molybdenum and tungsten methoxo clusters of the composition [M-6(mu(3)-X)(8)X-2(mu-OCH3)(4/2)].2CH(3)OH (M = Mo, W; X = Cl, Br), [Mo-6(mu(3)-X)(8)(OCH3)(2)(mu-OCH3)(4/2)].CH3OH (X = Cl, Br) and [Na(CH3OH)(5)](2)[Mo-6(mu(3)-Br)(8)(OCH3)(6)] containing bridging (g), both bridging and terminal, or terminal methoxo groups, respectively, have been prepared. The preparation procedures, spectroscopic and physical properties, including X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS) have been correlated. The crystal structure has been solved for [Na(CH3OH)(5)](2)[Mo-6(mu(3)-Br)(8)(OCH3)(6)]. The compound crystallizes in the triclinic crystal system. The structure is built of two [Na(CH3OH)(5)](+) cations and the [Mo-6(mu(3)-Br)(8)(OCH3)(6)](2-) anion. All six-oxygen atoms from coordinated methoxo groups are acceptors of hydrogen of coordinated methanol molecules from the six neighbouring cations making a three-dimensional packing network. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Rudjer Boskovic Inst, Zagreb 10002, Croatia. Fac Min & Met, Mitrovica, Serbia Monteneg, Yugoslavia. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, US DOE, Ames, IA USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA USA. RP Brnicevic, N (reprint author), Rudjer Boskovic Inst, POB 180, Zagreb 10002, Croatia. NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0277-5387 J9 POLYHEDRON JI Polyhedron PD JUN 15 PY 2003 VL 22 IS 12 BP 1553 EP 1559 DI 10.1016/S0277-5387(03)00290-0 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA 693RW UT WOS:000183733000007 ER PT J AU Wang, SH Ackermann, R Spicer, CW Fast, JD Schmeling, M Stutz, J AF Wang, SH Ackermann, R Spicer, CW Fast, JD Schmeling, M Stutz, J TI Atmospheric observations of enhanced NO2-HONO conversion on mineral dust particles SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID NITROUS-ACID; HETEROGENEOUS HYDROLYSIS; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; SURFACES; WATER; HONO AB [1] Nitrous acid is an important precursor for OH radicals in the polluted troposphere. The heterogeneous conversion of NO2 to HONO, however, is currently not well understood. Measurements of HONO and NO2 in Phoenix in summer 2001 using long path DOAS show ratios of chemically formed secondary [HONO] to [NO2] that rarely exceeded 3%. During two nocturnal dust storm events, however, a significant increase of this ratio was observed. The unprecedented high ratios near 19% suggest a highly efficient NO2 to HONO conversion process on mineral dust particles. The particle composition in Phoenix is similar to other mineral dusts, implying that the enhanced NO2 conversion could be an important HONO, and therefore also OH, source in regions where pollution and dust storms coincide. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Atmospher Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Battelle Mem Inst, Columbus Operat, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Loyola Univ, Dept Chem, Chicago, IL 60626 USA. RP Wang, SH (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Atmospher Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RI Stutz, Jochen/K-7159-2014 NR 18 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 14 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JUN 14 PY 2003 VL 30 IS 11 AR 1595 DI 10.1029/2003GL017014 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 691VM UT WOS:000183626700002 ER PT J AU Phan, AV Napier, JAL Gray, LJ Kaplan, T AF Phan, AV Napier, JAL Gray, LJ Kaplan, T TI Symmetric-Galerkin BEM simulation of fracture with frictional contact SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE crack friction; fracture analysis; kinked crack; boundary element method; symmetric-Galerkin approximation ID BOUNDARY-ELEMENT METHOD; CRACK-GROWTH; DISPLACEMENT DISCONTINUITY; HYPERSINGULAR INTEGRALS; MODEL; ROCK; PROPAGATION; EQUATIONS; MECHANICS AB A symmetric-Galerkin boundary element framework for fracture analysis with frictional contact (crack friction) on the crack surfaces is presented. The algorithm employs a continuous interpolation on the crack surface (utilizing quadratic boundary elements) and enables the determination of two important quantities for the problem, namely the local normal tractions and sliding displacements on the crack surfaces. An effective iterative scheme for solving this non-linear boundary value problem is proposed. The results of test examples are compared with available analytical solutions or with those obtained from the displacement discontinuity method (DDM) using linear elements and internal collocation. The results demonstrate that the method works well for difficult kinked/junction crack problems. Copyright (C) 2003 John Wiley Sons, Ltd. C1 Univ S Alabama, Dept Mech Engn, Mobile, AL 36688 USA. CSIR, Div Mining Technol, ZA-2006 Johannesburg, South Africa. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Phan, AV (reprint author), Univ S Alabama, Dept Mech Engn, Mobile, AL 36688 USA. NR 37 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND SN 0029-5981 J9 INT J NUMER METH ENG JI Int. J. Numer. Methods Eng. PD JUN 14 PY 2003 VL 57 IS 6 BP 835 EP 851 DI 10.1002/nme.707 PG 17 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Engineering; Mathematics GA 686GW UT WOS:000183313900006 ER PT J AU Wickett, ME Caldeira, K Duffy, PB AF Wickett, ME Caldeira, K Duffy, PB TI Effect of horizontal grid resolution on simulations of oceanic CFC-11 uptake and direct injection of anthropogenic CO(2) SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article DE ocean; model; resolution; CO(2); sequestration; CFC ID GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; SEA-ICE FORMATION; CLIMATE MODELS; EQUILIBRIUM; ATLANTIC; WATER; SENSITIVITY; EXCHANGE; SEAWATER; FLUXES AB We simulate direct injection of CO(2) and uptake of CFC-11 in a global, three-dimensional ocean general circulation model using two model resolutions: a coarse resolution of 4degrees in longitude by 2degrees in latitude and a finer resolution of 1degrees in both longitude and latitude. We assess the impact of resolution on the relative effectiveness of ocean carbon sequestration for four different injection sites: New York at 710 and 3025 m depths and San Francisco at 710 and 3025 m depths. Results show that deep injection is generally effective, with relatively small differences in retention, transport, and fluxes between the two resolutions. Results for the change in ocean pH due to CO(2) injection show that resolution does limit the details at sufficiently small scales, with the finer resolution showing greater maximum pH changes. Model predictions of CFC-11 uptake generally have shallower penetration than is seen in observations, and the differences between the model resolutions are much smaller than the differences between either simulation and the observations. There is no persuasive evidence of improvement of large-scale results with globally higher horizontal resolution in these non-eddy-resolving simulations to justify the computational expense. However, when local details are the primary interest, the use of higher resolution may be justified. We suggest that the best approach to improving the results of coarse-resolution ocean models is not to globally increase horizontal resolution outside of the eddy-resolving regime, but rather to pursue other approaches such as improved numerical methods, better parameterizations of sub-grid-scale processes, better forcing data, or perhaps local resolution increases. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Climate & Carbon Cycle Modeling Grp, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Appl Sci Comp, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Wickett, ME (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Climate & Carbon Cycle Modeling Grp, 7000 E Ave,L-103, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM wickett@llnl.gov; kenc@llnl.gov; pduffy@llnl.gov RI Caldeira, Ken/E-7914-2011 NR 39 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD JUN 14 PY 2003 VL 108 IS C6 AR 3189 DI 10.1029/2001JC001130 PG 12 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 691WW UT WOS:000183629800002 ER PT J AU Nicolas, C Alcaraz, C Thissen, R Vervloet, M Dutuit, O AF Nicolas, C Alcaraz, C Thissen, R Vervloet, M Dutuit, O TI Dissociative photoionization of N-2 in the 24-32 eV photon energy range SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS B-ATOMIC MOLECULAR AND OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CONFIGURATION-INTERACTION CALCULATIONS; PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION; VIBRATIONAL STRUCTURE; ELECTRONIC STATES; PREDISSOCIATION; IONS; NITROGEN; N2; SPECTRUM AB Dissociative photoionization of N-2 is studied with synchrotron radiation in the 24-32 eV photon energy range. Branching ratios between the different dissociation limits are measured from coincidence time of flight ion spectra threshold photoelectron-photoion coincidence recorded for state-selected N-2(+) parent ions. In this energy range, N-2(+) molecular ions are observed to dissociate 2 only towards the three lowest dissociation limits. Dissociations towards the second and third ones, which correspond to the formation of NI(ID) and N (D-2) metastable states, respectively, occur right from their thermochernical onsets. From the second dissociation limit energy up to the third one, the N+ (I D) + N(S-4)/N+(P-3) + N (4S) branching ratio is almost constant and equal to 0.6:0.4, except at the energy of the C(2)Sigma(u)(+) (nu = 12) state, where this branching ratio is found to be equal to 0.5:0.5. From the third dissociation limit onset, N-2(+) ions fragment only towards this limit. Possible dissociation mechanisms 2 are discussed, involving a spin-orbit coupling between doublet and quartet states of N-2(+) to produce N+ (I D) + N (4 S) and a direct dissociation to produce 2 N+(P-3) + N (D-2). No dissociation towards the other limits has been observed, in particular to produce the N+ (S-1), N+ (S-5) and N(P-2) metastable states. C1 Ctr Univ Paris Sud, LURE, UMR 130, F-91898 Orsay, France. Ctr Univ Paris Sud, UPR 3361, Lab Photophys Mol, F-91405 Orsay, France. Ctr Univ Paris Sud, Chim Phys Lab, UMR 8000, F-91405 Orsay, France. RP Nicolas, C (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 55 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 10 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-4075 J9 J PHYS B-AT MOL OPT JI J. Phys. B-At. Mol. Opt. Phys. PD JUN 14 PY 2003 VL 36 IS 11 BP 2239 EP 2251 AR PII S0953-4075(03)61277-0 DI 10.1088/0953-4075/36/11/309 PG 13 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 699KZ UT WOS:000184057200013 ER PT J AU Canton, SE Wills, AA Gorczyca, TW Sokell, E Bozek, JD Turri, G Wiedenhoeft, M Feng, X Berrah, N AF Canton, SE Wills, AA Gorczyca, TW Sokell, E Bozek, JD Turri, G Wiedenhoeft, M Feng, X Berrah, N TI New low-lying mirroring singly and doubly excited resonances in neon SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS B-ATOMIC MOLECULAR AND OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SPIN-ORBIT INTERACTIONS; PHOTO-IONIZATION; PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; RARE-GASES; PHOTOIONIZATION; SHELLS; RATIOS; ARGON; HE AB Many new resonances in neon have been discovered by virtue of their LS-forbidden mirroring partial cross section profiles In particular, all six of the previously undetected 2s(2)2p(4)(P-3)3s(P-[2,P-4])3p((3)[S, P, D](1)) resonances have been observed. These results confirm our earlier prediction (Canton-Rogan et 61 2000 Phys. Rev. Lett. 85 3113) that mirroring triplet resonances ate observable in partial cross sections Where continuum spin-orbit effects exist, and suggest that future experimental studies of other atoms will also reveal new resonances. C1 Western Michigan Univ, Dept Phys, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, ALS, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Coll Dublin, Dept Expt Phys, Dublin 2, Ireland. RP Canton, SE (reprint author), Western Michigan Univ, Dept Phys, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA. RI Bozek, John/E-4689-2010; Feng, Ximao/B-3688-2010; Bozek, John/E-9260-2010; Canton, Sophie/A-8432-2016 OI Bozek, John/0000-0001-7486-7238; NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-4075 J9 J PHYS B-AT MOL OPT JI J. Phys. B-At. Mol. Opt. Phys. PD JUN 14 PY 2003 VL 36 IS 11 BP L181 EP L187 AR PII S0953-4075(03)58444-9 DI 10.1088/0953-4075/36/11/103 PG 7 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 699KZ UT WOS:000184057200003 ER PT J AU Turoczi, T Jun, L Cordis, G Morris, JE Maulik, N Stevens, RG Das, DK AF Turoczi, T Jun, L Cordis, G Morris, JE Maulik, N Stevens, RG Das, DK TI HFE mutation and dietary iron content interact to increase ischemia/reperfusion injury of the heart in mice SO CIRCULATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE reactive oxygen species; antioxidant enzymes; oxidative stress; iron overload; hereditary hemochromatosis ID HEREDITARY HEMOCHROMATOSIS; OXIDATIVE STRESS; CARDIOMYOCYTE APOPTOSIS; ANTIOXIDANT STATUS; RADICAL REACTIONS; REPERFUSION; GENE; ISCHEMIA; OVERLOAD; DISEASE AB Hereditary hemochromatosis is an inherited pathological condition characterized by iron overload in several vital organs including heart. To increase our understanding of the underlying pathogenic mechanisms of hereditary hemochromatosis, we used a HFE gene knockout mouse model that replicates hereditary hemochromatosis. A group of mice with no copies of HFE gene and corresponding wild-type mice were maintained either on low-iron (30 ppm) or high-iron (300 ppm) diet since birth. The results of our study revealed that HFE gene knockout mouse hearts were susceptible to ischemia-reperfusion injury as evidenced by increased postischemic ventricular dysfunction, increased myocardial infarct size and cardiomyocyte apoptosis compared with wild-type control hearts. The degree of injury increased in the hearts of the mice fed high-iron diet. The hearts of the HFE knockout mice showed increased iron deposition, increased content of reactive oxygen species (ROS) as evidenced by the increased formation of malondialdehyde, and reduced antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase. The results suggest that increased amount of ROS and reduced antioxidant reserve secondary to iron overloading may be instrumental for the susceptibility of the HFE gene knockout mice to cardiac injury. C1 Univ Connecticut, Sch Med, Cardiovasc Res Ctr, Dept Surg, Farmington, CT 06030 USA. Univ Connecticut, Sch Med, Dept Med, Farmington, CT 06030 USA. Univ Connecticut, Sch Med, Dept Community Med, Farmington, CT 06030 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA. RP Das, DK (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Sch Med, Cardiovasc Res Ctr, Dept Surg, Farmington, CT 06030 USA. EM ddas@neuron.uchc.edu FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL 56322, HL 22559, HL 33889, HL 34360] NR 26 TC 30 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7330 EI 1524-4571 J9 CIRC RES JI Circ.Res. PD JUN 13 PY 2003 VL 92 IS 11 BP 1240 EP 1246 DI 10.1161/01.RES.0000076890.59807.23 PG 7 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Hematology GA 688WL UT WOS:000183460200011 PM 12750309 ER PT J AU Wang, LB Mueller, P Holt, RJ Lu, ZT O'Connor, TP Sano, Y Sturchio, NC AF Wang, LB Mueller, P Holt, RJ Lu, ZT O'Connor, TP Sano, Y Sturchio, NC TI Laser spectroscopic measurement of helium isotope ratios SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FREQUENCY-MODULATION SPECTROSCOPY; ATMOSPHERIC HELIUM; DIODE-LASER; HE-3 AB [1] A sensitive laser spectroscopic method has been applied to the quantitative determination of the isotope ratio of helium at the level of He-3/He-4 = 10(-7) - 10(-5). The resonant absorption of 1083 nm laser light by the metastable He-3 atoms in a discharge cell was measured with the frequency modulation saturation spectroscopy technique while the abundance of He-4 was measured by a direct absorption technique. The results on three different samples extracted from the atmosphere and commercial helium gas were in good agreement with values obtained with mass spectrometry. The achieved 3sigma detection limit of He-3 in helium is 4 x 10(-9). This demonstration required a 200 muL STP sample of He. The sensitivity can be further improved, and the required sample size reduced, by several orders of magnitude with the addition of cavity enhanced spectroscopy. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Univ Tokyo, Ocean Res Inst, Nakano Ku, Tokyo 1648639, Japan. Univ Illinois, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Wang, LB (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Mueller, Peter/E-4408-2011; Holt, Roy/E-5803-2011 OI Mueller, Peter/0000-0002-8544-8191; NR 24 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JUN 13 PY 2003 VL 30 IS 11 AR 1592 DI 10.1029/2003GL017242 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 691VJ UT WOS:000183626300002 ER PT J AU Lemon, C Toffoletto, F Hesse, M Birn, J AF Lemon, C Toffoletto, F Hesse, M Birn, J TI Computing magnetospheric force equilibria SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE magnetosphere; force; equilibrium; MHD; magnetohydrodynamics; Tsyganenko ID MAGNETIC-FIELD; CONVECTION MODEL; MAGNETOTAIL; PLASMA; CONFIGURATIONS; DIMENSIONS; STABILITY; BOUNDARY; URANUS; LAYER AB [1] We describe a method to compute three-dimensional force equilibria in the Earth's magnetosphere. The method is embodied in a code called the MagnetoFriction code which solves a set of ideal magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations that are modified to include a frictional dissipation term in the momentum equation. The friction takes the form of a force which is directed against the fluid motion and is therefore an energy sink. This allows the system to settle into a minimum energy equilibrium. A nonuniform cartesian grid is used along with initial conditions supplied by empirical magnetic field and pressure models. These initial conditions do not, in general, satisfy the force balance condition (J) over right arrow x (B) over right arrow = del(p), and the code must iterate until approximate force balance is achieved. Pressure and magnetic field solutions are presented for several different configurations of the magnetosphere. C1 Rice Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Rice Space Inst, Houston, TX 77251 USA. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Extraterr Phys Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Space Plasma Phys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Lemon, C (reprint author), Rice Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Rice Space Inst, POB 1892, Houston, TX 77251 USA. EM colby@rice.edu; toffo@rice.edu RI Hesse, Michael/D-2031-2012 NR 32 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9380 EI 2169-9402 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD JUN 13 PY 2003 VL 108 IS A6 AR 1237 DI 10.1029/2002JA009702 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 691YE UT WOS:000183632900004 ER PT J AU Kim, S Chamberlain, AK Bowie, JU AF Kim, S Chamberlain, AK Bowie, JU TI A simple method for modeling transmembrane helix oligomers SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE membrane protein; structure prediction; modeling; Monte Carlo optimization; glycophorin A, neu, erbB-2, M2, phospholamban ID RECEPTOR TYROSINE KINASE; DEPENDENT ROTAMER LIBRARY; ION-CHANNEL PROTEIN; M-2 PROTON CHANNEL; INFLUENZA-VIRUS; ALPHA-HELICES; ONCOGENIC ACTIVATION; DIMER INTERFACE; GLYCOPHORIN-A; DOMAIN AB We describe an effective procedure for modeling the structures of simple transmembrane helix homo-oligomers. The method differs from many previous approaches in that the only structural constraint we use to help select the correct model is the oligomerization state of the protein. The method involves the following steps: (1) perform 100-250 independent Monte Carlo energy minimizations of helix pairs to produce a large collection of well-packed structures; (2) filter the minimized structures to find those that are consistent with the expected symmetry of the oligomer; (3) cluster the structures that pass the symmetry filter; and (4) select a representative of the most populous cluster as the final prediction. We applied the method to the transmembrane helices of five proteins and compare our results to the available experimental data. Our predictions of glycophorin A, neu, the M2 channel and phospholamban resulted in a single model for each protein that agreed with the experimental results. In the case of erbB-2, however, we obtained three structurally distinct clusters of approximately equal sizes, so it was not possible to identify a clearly favored structure. This may reflect a real heterogeneity of packing modes for erbB-2, which is known to interact with different receptor subunits. Our method should be useful for obtaining structural models of transmembrane domains, improving our understanding of structure/function relationships for particular membrane proteins. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Biochem & Chem, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, DOE Ctr Genom & Proteom, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Bowie, JU (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Biochem & Chem, 611 Charles E Young,Dr E,Room 655,Boyer Hall, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [R01 GM63919] NR 53 TC 61 Z9 63 U1 1 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0022-2836 J9 J MOL BIOL JI J. Mol. Biol. PD JUN 13 PY 2003 VL 329 IS 4 BP 831 EP 840 DI 10.1016/S0022-2836(03)00521-7 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 691HY UT WOS:000183601400018 PM 12787681 ER PT J AU Harper, JK Barich, DH Hu, JZ Strobel, GA Grant, DM AF Harper, JK Barich, DH Hu, JZ Strobel, GA Grant, DM TI Stereochemical analysis by solid-state NMR: Structural predictions in ambuic acid SO JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-SHIFT TENSORS; MOLECULAR-CONFORMATION; CPMAS NMR; ANGLE AB Relative stereochemistry is predicted for ambuic acid using a novel solid-state NMR approach. This NMR technique entails a comparison of measured shift tensor principal values with computed values for all diastereomers, allowing the selection of a best-fit structure. The proposed method extends previous solution NMR structural data by simultaneously modeling with high statistical probability hydrogen-bonding arrangements and molecular conformation at two positions. A dimeric structure is proposed for ambuic acid based on the initial poor fit of the carboxyl carbon tensors to a monomeric model. The dimer model, consisting of hydrogen bonding between pairs of neighboring carboxyl groups, reduces the root mean square error at the carboxy tensor by a factor of 2.7. Lattice details are thus also described by the proposed approach. The structural characterization method presented is of general applicability and may be especially useful for characterizing difficult to crystallize or hydrogen-poor materials. C1 Univ Utah, Dept Chem, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Montana State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. RP Grant, DM (reprint author), Univ Utah, Dept Chem, 315 S 1400 E, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. RI Hu, Jian Zhi/F-7126-2012 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM 08521-40] NR 30 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0022-3263 J9 J ORG CHEM JI J. Org. Chem. PD JUN 13 PY 2003 VL 68 IS 12 BP 4609 EP 4614 DI 10.1021/jo020377i PG 6 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 687DD UT WOS:000183360000001 PM 12790563 ER PT J AU Fradera, X Marquez, M Smith, BD Orozco, M Luque, FJ AF Fradera, X Marquez, M Smith, BD Orozco, M Luque, FJ TI Molecular dynamics study of [2]rotaxanes: Influence of solvation and cation on co-conformation SO JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ANION TEMPLATE; ROTAXANES; MOTION; MODEL; COMPLEXATION; RECOGNITION; BINDING; SOLVATOCHROMISM; PARAMETRIZATION; MACROMOLECULES AB The conformational preference of a [2]rotaxane system has been examined by molecular dynamics simulations. The rotaxane wheel consists of two bridged binding components: a cis-dibenzo-18-crown-6 ether and a 1,3-phenyldicarboxamide, and the penetrating axle consists of a central isophthaloyl unit with phenyltrityl capping groups. The influence of solvation on the co-conformation of the [2]rotaxane was evaluated by comparing the conformational flexibility in two solvents: chloroform and dimethyl sulfoxide. Attention was also paid to the effect of cation binding on the dynamical properties of the [2]rotaxane. The conformational stability of the [2]rotaxane was calculated using a MM/PB-SA strategy, and the occurrence of specific motions was examined by essential dynamics analysis. The changes in the co-conformational properties in the two solvents and upon cation binding are discussed in light of the available NMR data. The results indicate that in chloroform solution the [2]rotaxane system exists as a mixture of co-conformational states including some that have hydrogen bonds between axle C=O and wheel NH groups. Analysis of the simulations allow us to hypothesize that the [2]rotaxane's circumrotation motion can occur as the result of a dynamic process that combines a preliminary axle sliding step that breaks these hydrogen bonds and a conformational change in the ester group more distant from the wheel. In contrast, no hydrogen-bonded co-conformation was found in dimethyl sulfoxide, which appears to be due to the preferential formation of hydrogen bonds between the wheel NH groups with solvent molecules. Moreover, the axle experiences notable changes in anisotropic shielding, which would explain why the NMR signals are broadened in this solvent. Insertion of a sodium cation into the crown ether reduces co-conformational flexibility due to an interaction of the axle with the cation. Overall, the results reveal how both solvent and ionic atmosphere can influence the co-conformational preferences of rotaxanes. C1 Parc Cientif Barcelona, Inst Recerca Biomed, Barcelona 08028, Spain. Univ Barcelona, Fac Farm, Dept Fisicoquim, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Notre Dame, Dept Chem & Biochem, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Univ Barcelona, Fac Quim, Dept Bioquim & Biol Mol, Barcelona 08028, Spain. RP Orozco, M (reprint author), Parc Cientif Barcelona, Inst Recerca Biomed, C Josep Samitier 1-6, Barcelona 08028, Spain. RI Fradera, Xavier/C-4827-2009; Luque, F. Javier/L-9652-2014; OI Fradera, Xavier/0000-0002-6118-075X; Luque, F. Javier/0000-0002-8049-3567; Orozco Lopez, Modesto/0000-0002-8608-3278 NR 51 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0022-3263 J9 J ORG CHEM JI J. Org. Chem. PD JUN 13 PY 2003 VL 68 IS 12 BP 4663 EP 4673 DI 10.1021/jo034457d PG 11 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 687DD UT WOS:000183360000007 PM 12790569 ER PT J AU Schmidt, HJ Luban, M AF Schmidt, HJ Luban, M TI Classical ground states of symmetric Heisenberg spin systems SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A-MATHEMATICAL AND GENERAL LA English DT Article ID MAGNETISM AB We investigate the ground states of classical Heisenberg spin systems which have point group symmetry. Examples are the regular polygons (spin rings) and the seven quasi-regular polyhedra including the five Platonic solids. For these examples, ground states with special properties, e.g. coplanarity or symmetry, can be completely enumerated using group-theoretical methods. For systems having coplanar (anti-) ground states with vanishing total spin we also calculate the smallest and largest energies of all states having a given total spin S. We find that these extremal energies depend quadratically on S and prove that, under certain assumptions, this happens only for systems with coplanar S = 0 ground states. For general systems the corresponding parabolas represent lower and upper bounds for the energy values. This provides strong support and clarifies the conditions for the so-called rotational band structure hypothesis which has been numerically established for many quantum spin systems. C1 Univ Osnabruck, Fachbereich Phys, D-49069 Osnabruck, Germany. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Schmidt, HJ (reprint author), Univ Osnabruck, Fachbereich Phys, Barbarstr 7, D-49069 Osnabruck, Germany. NR 21 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0305-4470 J9 J PHYS A-MATH GEN JI J. Phys. A-Math. Gen. PD JUN 13 PY 2003 VL 36 IS 23 BP 6351 EP 6378 AR PII S0305-4470(03)53622-8 DI 10.1088/0305-4470/36/23/306 PG 28 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 699KX UT WOS:000184057000013 ER PT J AU Aubert, B Barate, R Boutigny, D Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Robbe, P Tisserand, V Zghiche, A Palano, A Pompili, A Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Ofte, I Stugu, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Charles, E Day, CT Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kral, JF Kukartsev, G LeClerc, C Levi, ME Lynch, G Mir, LM Oddone, PJ Orimoto, TJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Romosan, A Ronan, MT Shelkov, VG Telnov, AV Wenzel, WA Harrison, TJ Hawkes, CM Knowles, DJ Penny, RC Watson, AT Watson, NK Deppermann, T Goetzen, K Koch, H Lewandowski, B Pelizaeus, M Peters, K Schmuecker, H Steinke, M Barlow, NR Bhimji, W Boyd, JT Chevalier, N Cottingham, WN Mackay, C Wilson, FF Hearty, C Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Kyberd, P McKemey, AK Blinov, VE Bukin, AD Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Solodov, EP Yushkov, AN Best, D Chao, M Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M McMahon, S Mommsen, RK Roethel, W Stoker, DP Buchanan, C Hadavand, HK Hill, EJ MacFarlane, DB Paar, HP Rahatlou, S Schwanke, U Sharma, V Berryhill, JW Campagnari, C Dahmes, B Kuznetsova, N Levy, SL Long, O Lu, A Mazur, MA Richman, JD Verkerke, W Beringer, J Eisner, AM Heusch, CA Lockman, WS Schalk, T Schmitz, RE Schumm, BA Seiden, A Turri, M Walkowiak, W Williams, DC Wilson, MG Albert, J Chen, E Dorsten, MP Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Hitlin, DG Narsky, I Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Yang, S Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Barillari, T Blanc, F Bloom, P Clark, PJ Ford, WT Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Rankin, P Roy, J Smith, JG van Hoek, WC Zhang, L Harton, JL Hu, T Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Zhang, J Altenburg, D Brandt, T Brose, J Colberg, T Dickopp, M Dubitzky, RS Hauke, A Lacker, HM Maly, E Muller-Pfefferkorn, R Nogowski, R Otto, S Schubert, KR Schwierz, R Spaan, B Wilden, L Bernard, D Bonneaud, GR Brochard, F Cohen-Tanugi, J Thiebaux, C Vasileiadis, G Verderi, M Khan, A Lavin, D Muheim, F Playfer, S Swain, JE Tinslay, J Bozzi, C Piemontese, L Sarti, A Treadwell, E Anulli, F Baldini-Ferroli, R Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Falciai, D Finocchiaro, G Patteri, P Peruzzi, IM Piccolo, M Zallo, A Buzzo, A Contri, R Crosetti, G Lo Vetere, M Macri, M Monge, MR Passaggio, S Pastore, FC Patrignani, C Robutti, E Santroni, A Tosi, S Bailey, S Morii, M Grenier, GJ Lee, SJ Mallik, U Cochran, J Crawley, HB Lamsa, J Meyer, WT Prell, S Rosenberg, EI Yi, J Davier, M Grosdidier, G Hocker, A Laplace, S Le Diberder, F Lepeltier, V Lutz, AM Petersen, TC Plaszczynski, S Schune, MH Tantot, L Wormser, G Bionta, RM Brigljevic, V Cheng, CH Lange, DJ Wright, DM Bevan, AJ Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R Kay, M Payne, DJ Sloane, RJ Touramanis, C Aspinwall, ML Bowerman, DA Dauncey, PD Egede, U Eschrich, I Morton, GW Nash, JA Sanders, P Taylor, GP Back, JJ Bellodi, G Harrison, PF Shorthouse, HW Strother, P Vidal, PB Cowan, G Flaecher, HU George, S Green, MG Kurup, A Marker, CE McMahon, TR Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Vaitsas, G Winter, MA Brown, D Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, RJ Forti, AC Hart, PA Jackson, F Lafferty, GD Lyon, AJ Weatherall, JH Williams, JC Farbin, A Jawahery, A Kovalskyi, D Lae, CK Lillard, V Roberts, DA Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Flood, KT Hertzbach, SS Kofler, R Koptchev, VB Moore, TB Staengle, H Willocq, S Cowan, R Sciolla, G Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Mangeol, DJJ Milek, M Patel, PM Lazzaro, A Palombo, F Bauer, JM Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Godang, R Kroeger, R Reidy, J Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Zhao, HW Hast, C Taras, P Nicholson, H Cartaro, C Cavallo, N De Nardo, G Fabozzi, F Gatto, C Lista, L Paolucci, P Piccolo, D Sciacca, C Baak, MA Raven, G LoSecco, JM Gabriel, TA Brau, B Pulliam, T Brau, J Frey, R Iwasaki, M Potter, CT Sinev, NB Strom, D Torrence, E Colecchia, F Dorigo, A Galeazzi, F Margoni, M Morandin, M Posocco, M Rotondo, M Simonetto, F Stroili, R Tiozzo, G Voci, C Benayoun, M Briand, H Chauveau, J David, P de la Vaissiere, C Del Buono, L Hamon, O Leruste, P Ocariz, J Pivk, M Roos, L Stark, J T'Jampens, S Manfredi, PF Re, V Gladney, L Guo, QH Panetta, J Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bondioli, M Bucci, F Calderini, G Carpinelli, M Forti, F Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Marchiori, G Martinez-Vidal, F Morganti, M Neri, N Paoloni, E Rama, M Rizzo, G Sandrelli, F Walsh, J Haire, M Judd, D Paick, K Wagoner, DE Danielson, N Elmer, P Lu, C Miftakov, V Olsen, J Smith, AJS Varnes, EW Bellini, F Cavoto, G del Re, D Faccini, R Ferrarotto, F Ferroni, F Gaspero, M Leonardi, E Mazzoni, MA Morganti, S Pierini, M Piredda, G Tehrani, FS Serra, M Voena, C Christ, S Wagner, G Waldi, R Adye, T De Groot, N Franek, B Geddes, NI Gopal, GP Olaiya, EO Xella, SM Aleksan, R Emery, S Gaidot, A Ganzhur, SF Giraud, PF de Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Langer, M London, GW Mayer, B Schott, G Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Purohit, MV Weidemann, AW Yumiceva, FX Aston, D Bartoldus, R Berger, N Boyarski, AM Buchmueller, OL Convery, MR Coupal, DP Dong, D Dorfan, J Dujmic, D Dunwoodie, W Field, RC Glanzman, T Gowdy, SJ Grauges-Pous, E Hadig, T Halyo, V Hryn'ova, T Innes, WR Jessop, CP Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Langenegger, U Leith, DWGS Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Marsiske, H Menke, S Messner, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Ozcan, VE Perazzo, A Perl, M Petrak, S Ratcliff, BN Robertson, SH Roodman, A Salnikov, AA Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Simi, G Snyder, A Soha, A Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Tanaka, HA Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weaver, M Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Wright, DH Young, CC Burchat, PR Meyer, TI Roat, C Ahmed, S Ernst, JA Bugg, W Krishnamurthy, M Spanier, SM Eckmann, R Kim, H Ritchie, JL Schwitters, RF Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Ye, S Bianchi, F Bona, M Gallo, F Gamba, D Borean, C Bosisio, L Della Ricca, G Dittongo, S Grancagnolo, S Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vitale, L Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Banerjee, S Brown, CM Fortin, D Jackson, PD Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Band, HR Dasu, S Datta, M Eichenbaum, AM Hu, H Johnson, JR Liu, R Di Lodovico, F Mohapatra, AK Pan, Y Prepost, R Sekula, SJ von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, J Wu, SL Yu, Z Neal, H AF Aubert, B Barate, R Boutigny, D Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Robbe, P Tisserand, V Zghiche, A Palano, A Pompili, A Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Ofte, I Stugu, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Charles, E Day, CT Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kral, JF Kukartsev, G LeClerc, C Levi, ME Lynch, G Mir, LM Oddone, PJ Orimoto, TJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Romosan, A Ronan, MT Shelkov, VG Telnov, AV Wenzel, WA Harrison, TJ Hawkes, CM Knowles, DJ Penny, RC Watson, AT Watson, NK Deppermann, T Goetzen, K Koch, H Lewandowski, B Pelizaeus, M Peters, K Schmuecker, H Steinke, M Barlow, NR Bhimji, W Boyd, JT Chevalier, N Cottingham, WN Mackay, C Wilson, FF Hearty, C Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Kyberd, P McKemey, AK Blinov, VE Bukin, AD Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Solodov, EP Yushkov, AN Best, D Chao, M Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M McMahon, S Mommsen, RK Roethel, W Stoker, DP Buchanan, C Hadavand, HK Hill, EJ MacFarlane, DB Paar, HP Rahatlou, S Schwanke, U Sharma, V Berryhill, JW Campagnari, C Dahmes, B Kuznetsova, N Levy, SL Long, O Lu, A Mazur, MA Richman, JD Verkerke, W Beringer, J Eisner, AM Heusch, CA Lockman, WS Schalk, T Schmitz, RE Schumm, BA Seiden, A Turri, M Walkowiak, W Williams, DC Wilson, MG Albert, J Chen, E Dorsten, MP Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Hitlin, DG Narsky, I Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Yang, S Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Barillari, T Blanc, F Bloom, P Clark, PJ Ford, WT Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Rankin, P Roy, J Smith, JG van Hoek, WC Zhang, L Harton, JL Hu, T Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Zhang, J Altenburg, D Brandt, T Brose, J Colberg, T Dickopp, M Dubitzky, RS Hauke, A Lacker, HM Maly, E Muller-Pfefferkorn, R Nogowski, R Otto, S Schubert, KR Schwierz, R Spaan, B Wilden, L Bernard, D Bonneaud, GR Brochard, F Cohen-Tanugi, J Thiebaux, C Vasileiadis, G Verderi, M Khan, A Lavin, D Muheim, F Playfer, S Swain, JE Tinslay, J Bozzi, C Piemontese, L Sarti, A Treadwell, E Anulli, F Baldini-Ferroli, R Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Falciai, D Finocchiaro, G Patteri, P Peruzzi, IM Piccolo, M Zallo, A Buzzo, A Contri, R Crosetti, G Lo Vetere, M Macri, M Monge, MR Passaggio, S Pastore, FC Patrignani, C Robutti, E Santroni, A Tosi, S Bailey, S Morii, M Grenier, GJ Lee, SJ Mallik, U Cochran, J Crawley, HB Lamsa, J Meyer, WT Prell, S Rosenberg, EI Yi, J Davier, M Grosdidier, G Hocker, A Laplace, S Le Diberder, F Lepeltier, V Lutz, AM Petersen, TC Plaszczynski, S Schune, MH Tantot, L Wormser, G Bionta, RM Brigljevic, V Cheng, CH Lange, DJ Wright, DM Bevan, AJ Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R Kay, M Payne, DJ Sloane, RJ Touramanis, C Aspinwall, ML Bowerman, DA Dauncey, PD Egede, U Eschrich, I Morton, GW Nash, JA Sanders, P Taylor, GP Back, JJ Bellodi, G Harrison, PF Shorthouse, HW Strother, P Vidal, PB Cowan, G Flaecher, HU George, S Green, MG Kurup, A Marker, CE McMahon, TR Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Vaitsas, G Winter, MA Brown, D Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, RJ Forti, AC Hart, PA Jackson, F Lafferty, GD Lyon, AJ Weatherall, JH Williams, JC Farbin, A Jawahery, A Kovalskyi, D Lae, CK Lillard, V Roberts, DA Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Flood, KT Hertzbach, SS Kofler, R Koptchev, VB Moore, TB Staengle, H Willocq, S Cowan, R Sciolla, G Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Mangeol, DJJ Milek, M Patel, PM Lazzaro, A Palombo, F Bauer, JM Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Godang, R Kroeger, R Reidy, J Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Zhao, HW Hast, C Taras, P Nicholson, H Cartaro, C Cavallo, N De Nardo, G Fabozzi, F Gatto, C Lista, L Paolucci, P Piccolo, D Sciacca, C Baak, MA Raven, G LoSecco, JM Gabriel, TA Brau, B Pulliam, T Brau, J Frey, R Iwasaki, M Potter, CT Sinev, NB Strom, D Torrence, E Colecchia, F Dorigo, A Galeazzi, F Margoni, M Morandin, M Posocco, M Rotondo, M Simonetto, F Stroili, R Tiozzo, G Voci, C Benayoun, M Briand, H Chauveau, J David, P de la Vaissiere, C Del Buono, L Hamon, O Leruste, P Ocariz, J Pivk, M Roos, L Stark, J T'Jampens, S Manfredi, PF Re, V Gladney, L Guo, QH Panetta, J Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bondioli, M Bucci, F Calderini, G Carpinelli, M Forti, F Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Marchiori, G Martinez-Vidal, F Morganti, M Neri, N Paoloni, E Rama, M Rizzo, G Sandrelli, F Walsh, J Haire, M Judd, D Paick, K Wagoner, DE Danielson, N Elmer, P Lu, C Miftakov, V Olsen, J Smith, AJS Varnes, EW Bellini, F Cavoto, G del Re, D Faccini, R Ferrarotto, F Ferroni, F Gaspero, M Leonardi, E Mazzoni, MA Morganti, S Pierini, M Piredda, G Tehrani, FS Serra, M Voena, C Christ, S Wagner, G Waldi, R Adye, T De Groot, N Franek, B Geddes, NI Gopal, GP Olaiya, EO Xella, SM Aleksan, R Emery, S Gaidot, A Ganzhur, SF Giraud, PF de Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Langer, M London, GW Mayer, B Schott, G Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Purohit, MV Weidemann, AW Yumiceva, FX Aston, D Bartoldus, R Berger, N Boyarski, AM Buchmueller, OL Convery, MR Coupal, DP Dong, D Dorfan, J Dujmic, D Dunwoodie, W Field, RC Glanzman, T Gowdy, SJ Grauges-Pous, E Hadig, T Halyo, V Hryn'ova, T Innes, WR Jessop, CP Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Langenegger, U Leith, DWGS Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Marsiske, H Menke, S Messner, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Ozcan, VE Perazzo, A Perl, M Petrak, S Ratcliff, BN Robertson, SH Roodman, A Salnikov, AA Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Simi, G Snyder, A Soha, A Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Tanaka, HA Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weaver, M Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Wright, DH Young, CC Burchat, PR Meyer, TI Roat, C Ahmed, S Ernst, JA Bugg, W Krishnamurthy, M Spanier, SM Eckmann, R Kim, H Ritchie, JL Schwitters, RF Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Ye, S Bianchi, F Bona, M Gallo, F Gamba, D Borean, C Bosisio, L Della Ricca, G Dittongo, S Grancagnolo, S Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vitale, L Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Banerjee, S Brown, CM Fortin, D Jackson, PD Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Band, HR Dasu, S Datta, M Eichenbaum, AM Hu, H Johnson, JR Liu, R Di Lodovico, F Mohapatra, AK Pan, Y Prepost, R Sekula, SJ von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, J Wu, SL Yu, Z Neal, H CA BABAR Collaboration TI Evidence for B+ -> J/psi p(Lambda)over-bar and search for B-0 -> J/psi p(p)over-bar SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article AB We have performed a search for the decays B+-->J/psip (&ULambda;) over bar and B-0-->J/psip (p) over bar in a data set of (88.9+/-1.0)x10(6) Y(4S) decays collected by the BABAR experiment at the PEP-II e(+)e(-) storage ring at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center. Four charged B candidates have been observed with an expected background of 0.21+/-0.14 events. The corresponding branching fraction is (12(-6)(+9))x10(-6), where statistical and systematic uncertainties have been combined. The result can be interpreted as a 90% confidence level (C.L.) upper limit of 26x10(-6). We also find one B-0 candidate, with an expected background of 0.64+/-0.17 events, implying a 90% C.L. upper limit of 1.9x10(-6). C1 Lab Annecy Le Vieux Phys Particules, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. Univ Bari, Dipartmento Fis, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Univ Bergen, Inst Phys, N-5007 Bergen, Norway. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. Ruhr Univ Bochum, Inst Expt Phys 1, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. Univ Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. Brunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England. Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Kern & Teilchenphys, D-01062 Dresden, Germany. Ecole Polytech, LLR, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. Univ Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Midlothian, Scotland. Univ Ferrara, Dipartimento Fis, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Florida A&M Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32307 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Genoa, Dipartimento Fis, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Lab Accelerateur Lineaire, F-91898 Orsay, France. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London SW7 2BW, England. Queen Mary Univ London, London E1 4NS, England. Univ London Royal Holloway & Bedford New Coll, Egham TW20 0EX, Surrey, England. Univ Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. Univ Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. MIT, Nucl Sci Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA. Univ Montreal, Lab Rene JA Levesque, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. Mt Holyoke Coll, S Hadley, MA 01075 USA. Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Sci Fisiche, I-80126 Naples, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-80126 Naples, Italy. NIKHEF, Natl Inst Nucl & High Energy Phys, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Univ Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Univ Paris 06, F-75252 Paris, France. Univ Paris 07, Lab Phys Nucl HE, F-75252 Paris, France. Univ Pavia, Dipartimento Elettr, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis, Scuola Normale Super Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. Prairie View A&M Univ, Prairie View, TX 77446 USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Univ Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. DAPNIA, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. SUNY Albany, Albany, NY 12222 USA. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Univ Texas, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Sperimentale, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Univ Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6, Canada. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. RP Aubert, B (reprint author), Lab Annecy Le Vieux Phys Particules, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. RI Peters, Klaus/C-2728-2008; Neri, Nicola/G-3991-2012; de Groot, Nicolo/A-2675-2009; Forti, Francesco/H-3035-2011; Rotondo, Marcello/I-6043-2012; de Sangro, Riccardo/J-2901-2012; Sarti, Alessio/I-2833-2012; Cavallo, Nicola/F-8913-2012; Roe, Natalie/A-8798-2012; Patrignani, Claudia/C-5223-2009; Lista, Luca/C-5719-2008; Bellini, Fabio/D-1055-2009; Monge, Maria Roberta/G-9127-2012; Kravchenko, Evgeniy/F-5457-2015; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/G-7212-2015; Martinez Vidal, F*/L-7563-2014; Kolomensky, Yury/I-3510-2015; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/J-5049-2012; Grancagnolo, Sergio/J-3957-2015; Lusiani, Alberto/N-2976-2015; Lusiani, Alberto/A-3329-2016; Morandin, Mauro/A-3308-2016; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Di Lodovico, Francesca/L-9109-2016; Calcaterra, Alessandro/P-5260-2015; Frey, Raymond/E-2830-2016 OI Peters, Klaus/0000-0001-7133-0662; Neri, Nicola/0000-0002-6106-3756; Forti, Francesco/0000-0001-6535-7965; Rotondo, Marcello/0000-0001-5704-6163; de Sangro, Riccardo/0000-0002-3808-5455; Sarti, Alessio/0000-0001-5419-7951; Patrignani, Claudia/0000-0002-5882-1747; Bellini, Fabio/0000-0002-2936-660X; Monge, Maria Roberta/0000-0003-1633-3195; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/0000-0002-4276-715X; Martinez Vidal, F*/0000-0001-6841-6035; Kolomensky, Yury/0000-0001-8496-9975; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/0000-0002-6520-4480; Grancagnolo, Sergio/0000-0001-8490-8304; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Morandin, Mauro/0000-0003-4708-4240; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Di Lodovico, Francesca/0000-0003-3952-2175; Calcaterra, Alessandro/0000-0003-2670-4826; Frey, Raymond/0000-0003-0341-2636 NR 16 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 13 PY 2003 VL 90 IS 23 AR 231801 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.231801 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 689GP UT WOS:000183483500011 ER PT J AU Beiersdorfer, P Scofield, JH Osterheld, AL AF Beiersdorfer, P Scofield, JH Osterheld, AL TI X-ray-line diagnostic of magnetic field strength for high-temperature plasmas SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HELIUM-LIKE; FE; SPECTRA; PACKAGE; IONS AB An x-ray line diagnostic for use in magnetic field measurements in high-temperature plasmas has been identified. The intensity of the otherwise strictly forbidden 1s(2)2s(2)2p(1/2)2p(3/2)(4)3s(1/2) (3)P(0) --> 1s(2)2s(2)2p(6) (1)S(0) transition in neonlike ions is shown to depend on the magnetic field strength. The field dependence is illustrated between one and 3 T in the Ar(8+) spectrum. The line is well resolved, bright, and close to reference lines, making it an experimentally simple to use diagnostic. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Phys & Adv Technol, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Beiersdorfer, P (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Phys & Adv Technol, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 23 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 13 PY 2003 VL 90 IS 23 AR 235003 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.235003 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 689GP UT WOS:000183483500028 PM 12857267 ER PT J AU Glover, TE Ackerman, GD Belkacem, A Heimann, PA Hussain, Z Lee, RW Padmore, HA Ray, C Schoenlein, RW Steele, WF Young, DA AF Glover, TE Ackerman, GD Belkacem, A Heimann, PA Hussain, Z Lee, RW Padmore, HA Ray, C Schoenlein, RW Steele, WF Young, DA TI Metal-insulator transitions in an expanding metallic fluid: Particle formation kinetics SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION; LASER-ABLATION; SILICON; SPECTROSCOPY; SEMICONDUCTORS; DYNAMICS; SURFACE; MECHANISMS; RELAXATION; NANOTUBES AB Core-level photoemission spectroscopy provides a local probe of expansion dynamics and associated transient chemical properties as a highly pressurized, metallic fluid expands into vacuum following impulsive heating of a semiconductor by an intense, ultrashort laser pulse. Transient photoemission peak shifts reveal that metal-insulator transitions occur rapidly following laser heating. These experiments probe constituents species and solidification kinetics occurring in the early moments of material ejection and provide insight into how particles arise in the current laser ablation regime. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Glover, TE (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Schoenlein, Robert/D-1301-2014 OI Schoenlein, Robert/0000-0002-6066-7566 NR 25 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 13 PY 2003 VL 90 IS 23 AR 236102 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.236102 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 689GP UT WOS:000183483500035 PM 12857274 ER PT J AU Lortz, R Meingast, C Welp, U Kwok, WK Crabtree, GW AF Lortz, R Meingast, C Welp, U Kwok, WK Crabtree, GW TI Crystal-lattice coupling to the vortex-melting transition in YBa2Cu3O7-delta SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS; UNIVERSAL PHASE-DIAGRAM; IRREVERSIBILITY LINE; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; UNTWINNED YBA2CU3O7-DELTA; LAYERED SUPERCONDUCTORS; PRESSURE-DEPENDENCE; LATENT-HEAT; FLUCTUATIONS; ANISOTROPY AB Distinct discontinuities in the thermal expansion of the crystal lattice are observed at the melting transition of the vortex lattice in a naturally untwinned reversible YBa2Cu3O7-delta single crystal using high-resolution dilatometry. This coupling between the vortex transition and the crystal lattice demonstrates that the crystal lattice is more than a mere host for the vortices, and it is attributed to a strong pressure dependence of the superconducting transition temperature and thus to the condensation energy at the vortex-melting temperature. C1 Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Inst Festkorperphys, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany. Univ Karlsruhe, Fak Phys, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Sci & Technol Ctr Superconduct, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Lortz, R (reprint author), Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Inst Festkorperphys, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany. OI Lortz, Rolf/0000-0002-4075-9375 NR 39 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 13 PY 2003 VL 90 IS 23 AR 237002 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.237002 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 689GP UT WOS:000183483500042 PM 12857281 ER PT J AU Minasyan, VN Touryan, KJ AF Minasyan, VN Touryan, KJ TI Two types of quasiparticles excited in a Bose gas SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LIQUID-HELIUM; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; LAMBDA-TRANSITION; EXCITATIONS AB We present a novel approach for investigating the superfluid liquid He-4 based on the proper use of the nonideal Bose gas model for dilute hard spheres. The results show that the presence of a macroscopic number of condensate atoms leads to the existence of a nonphysical branch, corresponding to density excitations, in addition to the continuous branch of the phonon-maxon-roton excitation spectrum. C1 Joint Inst Nucl Res, Sci Ctr Appl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Minasyan, VN (reprint author), Joint Inst Nucl Res, Sci Ctr Appl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 13 PY 2003 VL 90 IS 23 AR 235301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.235301 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 689GP UT WOS:000183483500029 ER PT J AU Miyoshi, T Sarsour, M Yuan, L Zhu, X Ahmidouch, A Ambrozewicz, P Androic, D Angelescu, T Asaturyan, R Avery, S Baker, OK Bertovic, I Breuer, H Carlini, R Cha, J Chrien, R Christy, M Cole, L Danagoulian, S Dehnhard, D Elaasar, M Empl, A Ent, R Fenker, H Fujii, Y Furic, M Gan, L Garrow, K Gasparian, A Gueye, P Harvey, M Hashimoto, O Hinton, W Hu, B Hungerford, E Jackson, C Johnston, K Juengst, H Keppel, C Lan, K Liang, Y Likhachev, VP Liu, JH Mack, D Margaryan, A Markowitz, P Martoff, J Mkrtchyan, H Nakamura, SN Petkovic, T Reinhold, J Roche, J Sato, Y Sawafta, R Simicevic, N Smith, G Stepanyan, S Tadevosyan, V Takahashi, T Tanida, K Tang, L Ukai, M Uzzle, A Vulcan, W Wells, S Wood, S Xu, G Yamaguchi, H Yan, C AF Miyoshi, T Sarsour, M Yuan, L Zhu, X Ahmidouch, A Ambrozewicz, P Androic, D Angelescu, T Asaturyan, R Avery, S Baker, OK Bertovic, I Breuer, H Carlini, R Cha, J Chrien, R Christy, M Cole, L Danagoulian, S Dehnhard, D Elaasar, M Empl, A Ent, R Fenker, H Fujii, Y Furic, M Gan, L Garrow, K Gasparian, A Gueye, P Harvey, M Hashimoto, O Hinton, W Hu, B Hungerford, E Jackson, C Johnston, K Juengst, H Keppel, C Lan, K Liang, Y Likhachev, VP Liu, JH Mack, D Margaryan, A Markowitz, P Martoff, J Mkrtchyan, H Nakamura, SN Petkovic, T Reinhold, J Roche, J Sato, Y Sawafta, R Simicevic, N Smith, G Stepanyan, S Tadevosyan, V Takahashi, T Tanida, K Tang, L Ukai, M Uzzle, A Vulcan, W Wells, S Wood, S Xu, G Yamaguchi, H Yan, C CA HNSS Collaboration TI High resolution spectroscopy of the B-12(Lambda) hypernucleus produced by the (e,e(')K(+)) reaction SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LIGHT HYPERNUCLEI; MODEL; PHOTOPRODUCTION AB High-energy, cw electron beams at new accelerator facilities allow electromagnetic production and precision study of hypernuclear structure, and we report here on the first experiment demonstrating the potential of the (e,e'K+) reaction for hypernuclear spectroscopy. This experiment is also the first to take advantage of the enhanced virtual photon flux available when electrons are scattered at approximately zero degrees. The observed energy resolution was found to be approximate to 900 keV for the B-12(Lambda) spectrum, and is substantially better than any previous hypernuclear experiment using magnetic spectrometers. The positions of the major excitations are found to be in agreement with a theoretical prediction and with a previous binding energy measurement, but additional structure is also observed in the core excited region, underlining the future promise of this technique. C1 Tohoku Univ, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan. Univ Houston, Houston, TX 77204 USA. Hampton Univ, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. N Carolina Agr & Tech State Univ, Greensboro, NC 27411 USA. Temple Univ, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. Univ Zagreb, Zagreb 41000, Croatia. Univ Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania. Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. So Univ New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70126 USA. Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Troy, NY 12180 USA. Louisiana Tech Univ, Ruston, LA 71272 USA. Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Florida Int Univ, Miami, FL 33199 USA. Coll William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. Univ Tokyo, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. RP Miyoshi, T (reprint author), Tohoku Univ, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan. RI Zhu, Xiaofeng/B-9493-2011; Androic, Darko/A-7482-2008; Fujii, Yu/D-3413-2015 OI Fujii, Yu/0000-0001-6625-2241 NR 28 TC 69 Z9 71 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 13 PY 2003 VL 90 IS 23 AR 232502 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.232502 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 689GP UT WOS:000183483500013 PM 12857252 ER PT J AU Osipov, T Cocke, CL Prior, MH Landers, A Weber, T Jagutzki, O Schmidt, L Schmidt-Bocking, H Dorner, R AF Osipov, T Cocke, CL Prior, MH Landers, A Weber, T Jagutzki, O Schmidt, L Schmidt-Bocking, H Dorner, R TI Photoelectron-photoion momentum spectroscopy as a clock for chemical rearrangements: Isomerization of the di-cation of acetylene to the vinylidene configuration SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ION MASS-SPECTRA; STATE AB We have used complete correlated momentum mapping of the photoelectron and heavy ion products from the dissociation of the di-cation of acetylene, induced by photoionizing the carbon K shell of one of the atoms, to map out the angular correlation between the electron and the axis of the target molecule. The (quasi-) symmetric decay is found to proceed through both acetylene and vinylidene configurations. By using the strongly peaked photoelectron emission to "start a clock," an upper limit of 60 fs is placed on the isomerization time from the acetylene to the vinylidene configuration. C1 Kansas State Univ, Dept Phys, JR Macdonald Lab, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Western Michigan Univ, Dept Phys, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA. Univ Frankfurt, Inst Kernphys, D-660486 Frankfurt, Germany. RP Osipov, T (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Phys, JR Macdonald Lab, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RI Doerner, Reinhard/A-5340-2008; Landers, Allen/C-1213-2013; Weber, Thorsten/K-2586-2013 OI Doerner, Reinhard/0000-0002-3728-4268; Weber, Thorsten/0000-0003-3756-2704 NR 21 TC 76 Z9 76 U1 0 U2 15 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 13 PY 2003 VL 90 IS 23 AR 233002 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.233002 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 689GP UT WOS:000183483500015 PM 12857254 ER PT J AU Reed, EJ Fried, LE Joannopoulos, JD AF Reed, EJ Fried, LE Joannopoulos, JD TI A method for tractable dynamical studies of single and double shock compression SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; SILICON; WAVES; METALLIZATION; SIMULATIONS; HYDROGEN; PHASES AB A new multiscale simulation method is formulated for the study of shocked materials. The method combines molecular dynamics and the Euler equations for compressible flow. Treatment of the difficult problem of the spontaneous formation of multiple shock waves due to material instabilities is enabled with this approach. The method allows the molecular dynamics simulation of the system under dynamical shock conditions for orders of magnitude longer time periods than is possible using the popular nonequilibrium molecular dynamics approach. An example calculation is given for a model potential for silicon in which a computational speedup of 10(5) is demonstrated. Results of these simulations are consistent with the recent experimental observation of an anomalously large elastic precursor on the nanosecond time scale. C1 MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Reed, EJ (reprint author), MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RI Fried, Laurence/L-8714-2014 OI Fried, Laurence/0000-0002-9437-7700 NR 20 TC 95 Z9 97 U1 1 U2 22 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 13 PY 2003 VL 90 IS 23 AR 235503 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.235503 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 689GP UT WOS:000183483500032 PM 12857271 ER PT J AU Ryu, DY Lee, DJ Kim, JK Lavery, KA Russell, TP Han, YS Seong, BS Lee, CH Thiyagarajan, P AF Ryu, DY Lee, DJ Kim, JK Lavery, KA Russell, TP Han, YS Seong, BS Lee, CH Thiyagarajan, P TI Effect of hydrostatic pressure on closed-loop phase behavior of block copolymers SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LATTICE CLUSTER THEORY; DIBLOCK COPOLYMERS; POLYMER BLENDS; MICROPHASE SEPARATION; DISORDER TRANSITION; DEPENDENCE; SYSTEMS; COMPRESSIBILITY; COMPATIBILITY; FLUCTUATIONS AB The effect of hydrostatic pressure (P) on closed-loop phase behavior of deuterated polystyrene-block-poly(n-pentyl methacrylate) copolymers [dPS-PnPMA] was investigated by using small-angle neutron scattering and birefringence. For P<20.7 bar, dPS-PnPMA exhibited a lower disorder-to-order transition temperature (T-LDOT) at 175 &DEG;C, and then an upper order-to-disorder transition temperature (T-UODT) at 255 &DEG;C. With increasing pressure both T-LDOT and T-UODT were markedly changed, where dT(LDOT)/dP was 725 &DEG;C/kbar and dT(UODT)/dP was -725 &DEG;C/kbar. These are consistent with predictions by the Clausius-Clapeyron equation using measured values of the volume and enthalpy changes of both transitions. The large pressure coefficients imply that the closed-loop phase behavior observed for PS-PnPMA is an entropic-driven phase transition. C1 Pohang Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Chem Engn, Kyungbuk 790784, South Korea. Pohang Univ Sci & Technol, Polymer Res Inst, Div Elect, Kyungbuk 790784, South Korea. Pohang Univ Sci & Technol, Polymer Res Inst, Comp Engn Div, Kyungbuk 790784, South Korea. Univ Massachusetts, Dept Polymer Sci & Engn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. Korea Atom Energy Res Inst, Hanaro Reactor, Small Angle Neutron Beam Line, Taejon 430200, South Korea. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Kim, JK (reprint author), Pohang Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Chem Engn, Kyungbuk 790784, South Korea. RI Ryu, Du Yeol/G-8278-2012 NR 27 TC 68 Z9 68 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 13 PY 2003 VL 90 IS 23 AR 235501 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.235501 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 689GP UT WOS:000183483500030 PM 12857269 ER PT J AU Samuel, S AF Samuel, S TI On the speed of gravity and the v/c corrections to the Shapiro time delay SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GENERAL RELATIVITY; FOURTH TEST AB Using a relatively simple method, I compute the v/c correction to the gravitational time delay for light passing by a massive object moving with speed v. It turns out that the v/c effects are too small to have been measured in the recent experiment involving Jupiter and quasar J0842+1845 that was used to measure the speed of gravity. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Theory Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Samuel, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Theory Grp, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 13 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 13 PY 2003 VL 90 IS 23 AR 231101 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.231101 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 689GP UT WOS:000183483500007 PM 12857246 ER PT J AU Stoeckl, C Bahr, RE Yaakobi, B Seka, W Regan, SP Craxton, RS Delettrez, JA Short, RW Myatt, J Maximov, AV Baldis, H AF Stoeckl, C Bahr, RE Yaakobi, B Seka, W Regan, SP Craxton, RS Delettrez, JA Short, RW Myatt, J Maximov, AV Baldis, H TI Multibeam effects on fast-electron generation from two-plasmon-decay instability SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SCALE-LENGTH PLASMAS; NATIONAL IGNITION FACILITY; DECAY INSTABILITY; LASER PLASMAS; INHOMOGENEOUS-PLASMA; IMPLOSIONS; PREHEAT; PERFORMANCE; SATURATION; UNIFORMITY AB Experiments with multiple laser beams have been carried out in both spherical and planar geometry to study two-plasmon-decay instability, the predominant source of suprathermal electrons in direct-drive inertial confinement fusion experiments. These electrons are observed using the hard x rays generated through electron-target interactions. The experiments show for the first time that the total overlapped intensity governs the scaling of the suprathermal-electron generation regardless of the number of overlapped beams, in contrast to conventional theories that are based on the single-beam approximation. C1 Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Stoeckl, C (reprint author), Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, 250 E River Rd, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. NR 34 TC 59 Z9 60 U1 2 U2 15 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 13 PY 2003 VL 90 IS 23 AR 235002 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.235002 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 689GP UT WOS:000183483500027 PM 12857266 ER PT J AU Vekhter, I Varma, CM AF Vekhter, I Varma, CM TI Proposal to determine the spectrum of pairing glue in high-temperature superconductors SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ANGLE-RESOLVED PHOTOEMISSION; ELECTRON SELF-ENERGY; BI2SR2CACU2O8+DELTA; SCATTERING AB We propose a method for an analysis of the angle-resolved photoemission data in two-dimensional anisotropic superconductors which directly yields the spectral function of the bosons mediating Cooper pairing. The method includes a self-consistency check for the validity of the approximations made in the analysis. We explicitly describe the experimental data needed for implementing the proposed procedure. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Bell Labs, Lucent Technol, Murray Hill, NJ 07974 USA. RP Vekhter, I (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, MS B262, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Vekhter, Ilya/M-1780-2013 NR 22 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 13 PY 2003 VL 90 IS 23 AR 237003 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.237003 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 689GP UT WOS:000183483500043 PM 12857282 ER PT J AU Wong, KL May, MJ Beiersdorfer, P Fournier, KB Wilson, B Brown, GV Springer, P Neill, PA Harris, CL AF Wong, KL May, MJ Beiersdorfer, P Fournier, KB Wilson, B Brown, GV Springer, P Neill, PA Harris, CL TI Determination of the charge state distribution of a highly ionized coronal Au plasma SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID BEAM ION-TRAP; INERTIAL CONFINEMENT FUSION; LASER-PRODUCED PLASMA; X-RAY; ATOMIC PROCESSES; SPECTROSCOPY; RESOLUTION; RADIATION; EXCHANGE AB We present the first definitive measurement of the charge state distribution of a highly ionized gold plasma in coronal equilibrium. The experiment utilized the Livermore electron beam ion trap EBIT-II in a novel configuration to create a plasma with a Maxwellian temperature of 2.5 keV. The charge balance in the plasma was inferred from spectral line emission measurements which accounted for charge exchange effects. The measured average ionization state was 46.8 +/- 0.75. This differs from the predictions of two modeling codes by up to four charge states. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA. RP Wong, KL (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 26 TC 47 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 13 PY 2003 VL 90 IS 23 AR 235001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.235001 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 689GP UT WOS:000183483500026 PM 12857265 ER PT J AU McKee, RA Walker, FJ Nardelli, MB Shelton, WA Stocks, GM AF McKee, RA Walker, FJ Nardelli, MB Shelton, WA Stocks, GM TI The interface phase and the Schottky barrier for a crystalline dielectric on silicon SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID METAL-SEMICONDUCTOR INTERFACES; BAND OFFSETS; GAP STATES; HETEROJUNCTION; HEIGHTS; GROWTH; OXIDES; MODEL AB The barrier height for electron exchange at a dielectric-semiconductor interface has long been interpreted in terms of Schottky's theory with modi. cations from gap states induced in the semiconductor by the bulk termination. Rather, we show with the structure specifics of heteroepitaxy that the electrostatic boundary conditions can be set in a distinct interface phase that acts as a "Coulomb buffer." This Coulomb buffer is tunable and will functionalize the barrier-height concept itself. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP McKee, RA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM mckeera@ornl.gov RI Buongiorno Nardelli, Marco/C-9089-2009; Stocks, George Malcollm/Q-1251-2016; OI Stocks, George Malcollm/0000-0002-9013-260X; Walker, Frederick/0000-0002-8094-249X NR 28 TC 127 Z9 129 U1 4 U2 36 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JUN 13 PY 2003 VL 300 IS 5626 BP 1726 EP 1730 DI 10.1126/science.1083894 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 688WF UT WOS:000183459700045 PM 12805542 ER PT J AU Williams, BS Kumar, S Callebaut, H Hu, Q Reno, JL AF Williams, BS Kumar, S Callebaut, H Hu, Q Reno, JL TI 3.4THz quantum cascade laser operating above liquid nitrogen temperature SO ELECTRONICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CONTINUOUS-WAVE OPERATION AB Terahertz lasing in a quantum cascade structure in pulsed mode up to a temperature of 87K at a wavelength of lambda = 88 mum (3.4 THz) has been obtained. At 5K. a peak power of approximately 3.4 mW is observed, with still similar to1 inW at 78K. C1 MIT, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. MIT, Elect Res Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Dept 1123, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Williams, BS (reprint author), MIT, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RI Williams, Benjamin/B-4494-2013 OI Williams, Benjamin/0000-0002-6241-8336 NR 6 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 3 U2 6 PU IEE-INST ELEC ENG PI HERTFORD PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD SG1 2AY, ENGLAND SN 0013-5194 J9 ELECTRON LETT JI Electron. Lett. PD JUN 12 PY 2003 VL 39 IS 12 BP 915 EP 916 DI 10.1049/el:20030587 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 696PV UT WOS:000183896000021 ER PT J AU Yang, X Razavet, M Wang, XB Pickett, CJ Wang, LS AF Yang, X Razavet, M Wang, XB Pickett, CJ Wang, LS TI Probing the electronic structure of the Di-iron subsite of [Fe]-hydrogenase: A photoelectron spectroscopic study of Fe(I)-Fe(I) model complexes SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID FE-ONLY HYDROGENASE; MULTIPLY-CHARGED ANIONS; REPULSIVE COULOMB BARRIER; IRON-SULFUR CLUSTERS; DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL CALCULATIONS; ACTIVE-SITE; DESULFOVIBRIO-DESULFURICANS; PHOTODETACHMENT; MECHANISM; CHEMISTRY AB The electronic structures of a series of Fe(I)-Fe(I) model complexes of the di-iron subsite of [Fe]-hydrogenase, [(mu-PDT)Fe(2)(CO)(4)(CN)(2)](2-) (1), [Fe(2)(CO)(4){MeSCH(2)C(Me)(CH(2)S)(2)}(CN)(2)](2-) (II), [Fe(2)(CO)(4){PhCH(2)SCH(2)C(Me)-(CH(2)S)(2)}(CN)(2)](2-) (III), [Fe(2)(CO)(4){PhCH(2)SCH(2)C(Me) (CH(2)S)(2)}(CN)](-) (IV), and [Fe(2)(CO)(4){MeSCH(2)C(Me)(CH(2)S)(2)}(CN)](-) (V), were investigated in the gas phase using photodetachment photoelectron spectroscopy. The adiabatic electron detachment energy (ADE) of each species and the intramolecular Coulomb repulsion for the doubly charged species were obtained. The ADEs correspond to the intrinsic redox potentials (in vacuo) of reactions involving the Fe(I)-Fe(I)/Fe(I)-Fe(II) couples in these compounds. The photoelectron spectra were understood and qualitatively assigned by comparing with that of Fe(2)(CO)(6)S(2), which has been well studied previously and exhibits similar valence spectral features as I-V. A "normal level scheme" is suggested for the electronic structure of these low spin di-iron compounds, in which all occupied 3d levels lie above all occupied ligand levels. We also observed subtle differences in the electronic structures of the five di-iron complexes due to the slightly different ligand environments. C1 Washington State Univ, Dept Phys, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, WR Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. John Innes Ctr Plant Sci Res, Dept Biol Chem, Norwich NR4 7UH, Norfolk, England. RP Pickett, CJ (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Phys, 2710 Univ Dr, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM chris.pickett@bbsrc.ac.uk; ls.wang@pnl.gov RI PICKETT, CHRISTOPHER/F-3896-2010 OI PICKETT, CHRISTOPHER/0000-0003-3142-0780 NR 53 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD JUN 12 PY 2003 VL 107 IS 23 BP 4612 EP 4618 DI 10.1021/jp034432i PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 687YB UT WOS:000183403600006 ER PT J AU Gao, Y Macdonald, RG AF Gao, Y Macdonald, RG TI Determination of the rate constant for the NCO(X-2 Pi)+O(P-3) reaction at 292 K SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID BRANCHING RATIO; VIBRATIONAL-RELAXATION; NCO+NO REACTION; ENERGY-TRANSFER; FLOW REACTOR; NO; CN; KINETICS; RADICALS; PRODUCT AB The rate constant for the reaction of the isocyanate radical, NCO(X(2)Pi), with oxygen atoms, O(P-3), has been measured at a temperature of 292 +/- 2 K to be (2.1 +/- 0.76) x 10(-10) cm(3) molecule(-1) s(-1) where the error estimate contains both systematic and random errors. The measurements were carried out in an excess of either Ar or CF4 at pressures between 1.5 and 7.5 Torr and found to be independent of both the nature of the third body and pressure. Equal concentrations of NCO and O were generated by the CN + O-2 reaction. The temporal dependence of NCO was followed using time-resolved infrared absorption spectroscopy on rotational transitions of the NCO (10(1)1) <-- (00(1)0) combination band. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Macdonald, RG (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 55 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD JUN 12 PY 2003 VL 107 IS 23 BP 4625 EP 4635 DI 10.1021/jp0222595 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 687YB UT WOS:000183403600008 ER PT J AU Fulton, JL Heald, SM Badyal, YS Simonson, JM AF Fulton, JL Heald, SM Badyal, YS Simonson, JM TI Understanding the effects of concentration on the solvation structure of Ca2+ in aqueous solution. I: The perspective on local structure from EXAFS and XANES SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID ABSORPTION FINE-STRUCTURE; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATION; DOUBLE-ELECTRON-EXCITATION; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; SUPERCRITICAL WATER; K-EDGE; ION; HYDRATION; CALCIUM; NI2+ AB X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectroscopy was used to probe the effects of concentration on the first-shell structure of Ca2+ in aqueous solution. Measurements were carried out under ambient conditions using a bending magnet beamline (sector 20) at the Advanced Photon Source, Argonne. The Ca K-edge EXAFS spectrum for 6 m CaCl2 yielded no evidence for the formation of significant numbers of Ca2+-Cl- contact ion pairs even at such high concentration, a result confirmed by comparison with the data for a dilute (0.2 m) reference solution of the perchlorate. A mean coordination number of 7.2 +/- 1.2 water molecules and an average Ca-O distance of 2.437 +/- 0.010 Angstrom were determined for 6 m CaCl2, and these parameters are also consistent with earlier EXAFS measurements on dilute Ca2+ solutions. Comparison of the pre-edge and near-edge (XANES) spectrum against those for various references, including the crystalline hydrates, provided further confirmation of the lack of change in the Ca2+ first-shell structure and symmetry. Our measurements help clarify the earlier results of modeling thermodynamic data that imply that some significant structural change occurs at high salt concentration. Taken together, our results suggest the formation of Ca2+-OH2-Cl- solvent-shared ion pairs, rather than Ca2+-Cl- contact ion pairs, is most likely responsible for the unusual thermodynamic behavior of this system. The EXAFS spectrum for an even more concentrated (9.2 m CaCl2) hexahydrate melt, however, did indicate the presence of some contact ion pairs. The new results agree closely with those of an earlier X-ray diffraction study, and serve to further aid interpretation of the aqueous solutions data. On a technical note, a previously unreported multielectron excitation edge at k = 10.2 Angstrom(-1) was detected in the EXAFS spectra and assigned to the KLII,III transition. Inclusion of this new transition, along with the other known (KMII,III and KMI) transitions, in the background correction procedure significantly improved the quality of EXAFS fits. Further improvements resulted from the inclusion of Ca-H single scattering paths to treat the protons on the tightly bound water molecules. A Ca-H distance of 2.97 Angstrom was obtained, which is in excellent agreement with the results of neutron scattering measurements (reported in part II). This appears to be the most convincing evidence to date for the detection of proton backscattering in EXAFS measurements of the local structure around ions in aqueous solution. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental Sci Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Fulton, JL (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental Sci Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 44 TC 123 Z9 123 U1 7 U2 69 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD JUN 12 PY 2003 VL 107 IS 23 BP 4688 EP 4696 DI 10.1021/jp0272264 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 687YB UT WOS:000183403600016 ER PT J AU King, WD Corn, JD Murphy, OJ Boxall, DL Kenik, EA Kwiatkowski, KC Stock, SR Lukehart, CM AF King, WD Corn, JD Murphy, OJ Boxall, DL Kenik, EA Kwiatkowski, KC Stock, SR Lukehart, CM TI Pt-Ru and Pt-Ru-P/carbon nanocomposites: Synthesis, characterization, and unexpected performance as direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) anode catalysts SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID HIGH RELATIVE PERFORMANCE; MOLECULAR PRECURSORS; OXYGEN REDUCTION; ELECTROOXIDATION; COMPLEXES; NANOPARTICLES; PLATINUM(II); OXIDATION; ALLOY; ELECTROCATALYSIS AB Six Pt-Ru/carbon nanocomposites have been prepared, using five different Pt,Ru-bimetallic precursors as sources of metal. Nanocomposites prepared from precursors lacking phosphorus contain Pt-Ru nanocrystals that are highly dispersed on the carbon support, as expected. However, nanocomposites prepared from precursors possessing phosphorus contain a mixture of face-centered-cubic Pt-Ru alloy nanocrystals and primitive-cubic nanocrystals of an interstitial ternary metal phosphide phase identified as PtRuP2. Nanocomposites containing substantial amounts of nano-PtRuP2 perform as well as a commercial Pt-Ru/carbon nanocomposite in the role of an anode catalyst in direct methanol fuel cells. Although the exclusion of metal phosphide phases in Pt-Ru nanocomposite syntheses is best achieved by eliminating all sources of phosphorus, the presence of PtRuP2 in such natiocomposites does not poison methanol electrooxidation. Investigation of the synthesis and electrocatalytic reactivity of pure PtRuEx (where E denotes a main-group heteroelement) phases is suggested. C1 Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Chem, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Lynntech Inc, College Stn, TX 77840 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Lukehart, CM (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Chem, Box 1583, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. EM charles.m.lukehart@vanderbilt.edu NR 48 TC 66 Z9 68 U1 6 U2 30 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD JUN 12 PY 2003 VL 107 IS 23 BP 5467 EP 5474 DI 10.1021/jp030052l PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 687YC UT WOS:000183403700012 ER PT J AU Circone, S Stern, LA Kirby, SH Durham, WB Chakoumakos, BC Rawn, CJ Rondinone, AJ Ishii, Y AF Circone, S Stern, LA Kirby, SH Durham, WB Chakoumakos, BC Rawn, CJ Rondinone, AJ Ishii, Y TI CO(2) hydrate: Synthesis, composition, structure, dissociation behavior, and a comparison to structure I CH(4) hydrate SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID CLATHRATE HYDRATE; METHANE HYDRATE; CARBON-DIOXIDE; NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; SUPERHEATED ICE; ETHYLENE-OXIDE; DEUTERATED ICE; TEMPERATURE; PRESERVATION; GUEST AB Structure I (sI) carbon dioxide (CO(2)) hydrate exhibits markedly different dissociation behavior from sI methane (CH(4)) hydrate in experiments in which equilibrated samples at 0.1 MPa are heated isobarically at 13 K/h from 210 K through the H(2)O melting point (273.15 K). The CO(2) hydrate samples release only about 3% of their gas content up to temperatures of 240 K, which is 22 K above the hydrate phase boundary. Up to 20% is released by 270 K, and the remaining CO(2) is released at 271.0 +/- 0.5 K, where the sample temperature is buffered until hydrate dissociation ceases. This reproducible buffering temperature for the dissociation reaction CO(2).nH(2)O = CO(2)(g) + nH(2)O(1 to s) is measurably distinct from the pure H(2)O melting point at 273.15 K, which is reached as gas evolution ceases. In contrast, when sI CH4 hydrate is heated at the same rate at 0.1 MPa, >95% of the gas is released within 25 K of the equilibrium temperature (193 K at 0.1 MPa). In conjunction with the dissociation study, a method for efficient and reproducible synthesis of pure polycrystalline CO(2) hydrate with suitable characteristics for material properties testing was developed, and the material was characterized. CO(2) hydrate was synthesized from CO(2) liquid and H(2)O solid and liquid reactants at pressures between 5 and 25 MPa and temperatures between 250 and 281 K. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) examination indicates that the samples consist of dense crystalline hydrate and 50-300 mum diameter pores that are lined with euhedral cubic hydrate crystals. Deuterated hydrate samples made by this same procedure were analyzed by neutron diffraction at temperatures between 4 and 215 K; results confirm that complete conversion of water to hydrate has occurred and that the measured unit cell parameter and thermal expansion are consistent with previously reported values. On the basis of measured weight gain after synthesis and gas yields from the dissociation experiments, approximately all cages in the hydrate structure are filled such that n approximate to 5.75. C1 US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Tokai, Ibaraki 31911, Japan. RP Circone, S (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd,MS 977, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM scircone@usgs.gov RI Rondinone, Adam/F-6489-2013; Chakoumakos, Bryan/A-5601-2016 OI Rondinone, Adam/0000-0003-0020-4612; Chakoumakos, Bryan/0000-0002-7870-6543 NR 27 TC 83 Z9 86 U1 4 U2 30 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD JUN 12 PY 2003 VL 107 IS 23 BP 5529 EP 5539 DI 10.1021/jp027391j PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 687YC UT WOS:000183403700020 ER PT J AU Dunietz, BD Dreuw, A Head-Gordon, M AF Dunietz, BD Dreuw, A Head-Gordon, M TI Initial steps of the photodissociation of the CO ligated heme group SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID CARBON-MONOXIDE BINDING; X-RAY STRUCTURE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES; SINGLE-CRYSTAL; CONFORMATIONAL RELAXATION; EXCITED-STATES; MYOGLOBIN; PROTEINS; ABSORPTION; HEMOGLOBIN AB Upon irradiation of CO ligated hemoglobin or myoglobin with a laser pulse of 570 nm (2.17 eV), the proteins are electronically excited into the Q states and undergo dissociation of the CO ligand within 50 fs. Because the Q state is well-known to correspond to a pi-pi* transition localized at the iron porphyrin (heme) group, this should not greatly affect the binding of the CO ligand. It is shown by means of time-dependent density functional theory that, in fact, the Q states decay into the 5 A" and 3 A' singlet excited states. The latter states are repulsive along the Fe-CO stretch coordinate and, consequently, lead to the dissociation of the heme-CO bond. The nature of the repulsive states is analyzed with attachment/detachment density plots. At the equilibrium geometry of heme-CO, they can be understood as an excitation from a pi-back-bonding orbital into an anti-back-bonding orbital which nicely explains their repulsive nature. However, at a separation distance of 2.5 Angstrom, the state has charge-transfer character from the iron to the nitrogens of the porphyrin ring as well as the CO and imidazole ligand. This is in accord with a previous experimental assignment of the first intermediate of the photodissociation process to be a charge-transfer state. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Head-Gordon, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 47 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD JUN 12 PY 2003 VL 107 IS 23 BP 5623 EP 5629 DI 10.1021/jp0226376 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 687YC UT WOS:000183403700030 ER PT J AU Kaindl, RA Carnahan, MA Hagele, D Lovenich, R Chemla, DS AF Kaindl, RA Carnahan, MA Hagele, D Lovenich, R Chemla, DS TI Ultrafast terahertz probes of transient conducting and insulating phases in an electron-hole gas SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID GAAS QUANTUM-WELLS; EXCITON FORMATION; DYNAMICS; SEMICONDUCTORS; RELAXATION; ENERGY AB Many-body systems in nature exhibit complexity and self-organization arising from seemingly simple laws. For example, the long-range Coulomb interaction between electrical charges has a simple form, yet is responsible for a plethora of bound states in matter, ranging from the hydrogen atom to complex biochemical structures. Semiconductors form an ideal laboratory for studying many-body interactions of electronic quasiparticles among themselves and with lattice vibrations and light(1-4). Oppositely charged electron and hole quasiparticles can coexist in an ionized but correlated plasma, or form bound hydrogen-like pairs called excitons(5,6). The pathways between such states, however, remain elusive in near-visible optical experiments that detect a subset of excitons with vanishing centre-of-mass momenta. In contrast, transitions between internal exciton levels, which occur in the far-infrared at terahertz (10(12) s(-1)) frequencies(7-9), are independent of this restriction, suggesting(10) their use as a probe of electron-hole pair dynamics. Here we employ an ultrafast terahertz probe to investigate directly the dynamical interplay of optically-generated excitons and unbound electron-hole pairs in GaAs quantum wells. Our observations reveal an unexpected quasi-instantaneous excitonic enhancement, the formation of insulating excitons on a 100-ps timescale, and the conditions under which excitonic populations prevail. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Hannover, Inst Festkorperphys, D-30167 Hannover, Germany. RP Kaindl, RA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Schaff, William/B-5839-2009 NR 30 TC 237 Z9 243 U1 8 U2 65 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD JUN 12 PY 2003 VL 423 IS 6941 BP 734 EP 738 DI 10.1038/nature01676 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 688PA UT WOS:000183443400039 PM 12802330 ER PT J AU Clark, JD Beyene, Y WoldeGabriel, G Hart, WK Renne, PR Gilbert, H Defleur, A Suwa, G Katoh, S Ludwig, KR Boisserie, JR Asfaw, B White, TD AF Clark, JD Beyene, Y WoldeGabriel, G Hart, WK Renne, PR Gilbert, H Defleur, A Suwa, G Katoh, S Ludwig, KR Boisserie, JR Asfaw, B White, TD TI Stratigraphic, chronological and behavioural contexts of Pleistocene Homo sapiens from Middle Awash, Ethiopia SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID HOMINID AB Clarifying the geographic, environmental and behavioural contexts in which the emergence of anatomically modern Homo sapiens occurred has proved difficult, particularly because Africa lacked adequate geochronological, palaeontological and archaeological evidence. The discovery of anatomically modern Homo sapiens fossils at Herto, Ethiopia(1), changes this. Here we report on stratigraphically associated Late Middle Pleistocene artefacts and fossils from fluvial and lake margin sandstones of the Upper Herto Member of the Bouri Formation, Middle Awash, Afar Rift, Ethiopia. The fossils and artefacts are dated between 160,000 and 154,000 years ago by precise age determinations using the Ar-40/Ar-39 method. The archaeological assemblages contain elements of both Acheulean and Middle Stone Age technocomplexes. Associated faunal remains indicate repeated, systematic butchery of hippopotamus carcasses. Contemporary adult and juvenile Homo sapiens fossil crania manifest bone modifications indicative of deliberate mortuary practices. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Museum Vertebrate Zool, Dept Integrat Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Museum Vertebrate Zool, Lab Human Evolutionary Studies, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Anthropol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Author Res & Conservat Cultural Heritage, Dept Anthropol & Archaeol, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Miami Univ, Dept Geol, Oxford, OH 45056 USA. Berkeley Geochronol Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94709 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Fac Med, Lab Anthropol, CNRS, UMR 6569, F-13916 Marseille 20, France. Univ Tokyo, Univ Museum, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. Hyogo Museum Nat & Human Act, Sanda 6691546, Japan. Univ Poitiers, CNRS, UMR 6046, Poitiers, France. Rift Valley Res Serv, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. RP White, TD (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Museum Vertebrate Zool, Dept Integrat Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Davidson, Iain/A-9216-2011 NR 16 TC 165 Z9 177 U1 0 U2 36 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD JUN 12 PY 2003 VL 423 IS 6941 BP 747 EP 752 DI 10.1038/nature01670 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 688PA UT WOS:000183443400042 PM 12802333 ER PT J AU Airapetian, A Akopov, N Akopov, Z Amarian, M Ammosov, VV Andrus, A Aschenauer, EC Augustyniak, W Avakian, H Avakian, R Avetissian, A Avetissian, E Bailey, P Baturin, V Baumgarten, C Beckmann, M Belostotski, S Bernreuther, S Bianchi, N Block, HP Bottcher, H Borissov, A Bouwhuis, M Brack, J Brull, A Bryzgalov, V Capitani, GP Chiang, HC Ciullo, G Contalbrigo, M Court, GR Dalpiaz, PF De Leo, R De Nardo, L De Sanctis, E Devitsin, E Di Nezza, P Duren, M Ehrenfried, M Elalaoui-Moulay, A Elbakian, G Ellinghaus, F Elschenbroich, U Ely, J Fabbri, R Fantoni, A Fechtchenko, A Felawka, L Fox, B Franz, J Frullani, S Garber, Y Gapienko, G Gapienko, V Garibaldi, F Garutti, E Gaskell, D Gavrilov, G Gharibyan, V Graw, G Grebeniouk, O Greeniaus, LG Haeberli, W Hafidi, K Hartig, M Hasch, D Heesbeen, D Henoch, M Hertenberger, R Hesselink, WHA Hillenbrand, A Holler, Y Hommez, B Iarygin, G Ivanilov, A Izotov, A Jackson, HE Jgoun, A Kaiser, R Kinney, E Kisselev, A Konigsmann, K Kolster, H Kopytin, M Korotkov, V Kozlov, V Krauss, B Krivokhijine, VG Lagamba, L Lapikas, L Laziev, A Lenisa, P Liebing, P Lindemann, T Lipka, K Lorenzon, W Ma, BQ Makins, NCR Marukyan, H Masoli, F Menden, F Mexner, V Meyners, N Mikloukho, O Miller, CA Miyachi, Y Muccifora, V Nagaitsev, A Nappi, E Naryshkin, Y Nass, A Nowak, WD Oganessyan, K Ohsuga, H Orlandi, G Potashov, S Potterveld, DH Raithel, M Reggiani, D Reimer, PE Reischl, A Reolon, AR Rith, K Rosner, G Rostomyan, A Ryckbosch, D Sanjiev, I Savin, I Scarlett, C Schafer, A Schill, C Schnell, G Schuler, KP Schwind, A Seidl, R Seibert, J Seitz, B Shanidze, R Shibata, TA Shutov, V Simani, MC Sinram, K Stancari, M Statera, M Steffens, E Steijger, JJM Stewart, J Stosslein, U Tanaka, H Taroian, S Tchuiko, B Terkulov, A Tessarin, S Thomas, E Tkabladze, A Trzcinski, A Tytgat, M Urciuoli, GM van der Nat, P van der Steenhoven, G de Vyver, RV Vetterli, MC Vikhrov, V Vincter, MG Visser, J Vogel, C Vogt, M Volmer, J Weiskopf, C Wendland, J Wilbert, J Wise, T Yen, S Yoneyama, S Zihlmann, B Zohrabian, H Zupranski, P AF Airapetian, A Akopov, N Akopov, Z Amarian, M Ammosov, VV Andrus, A Aschenauer, EC Augustyniak, W Avakian, H Avakian, R Avetissian, A Avetissian, E Bailey, P Baturin, V Baumgarten, C Beckmann, M Belostotski, S Bernreuther, S Bianchi, N Block, HP Bottcher, H Borissov, A Bouwhuis, M Brack, J Brull, A Bryzgalov, V Capitani, GP Chiang, HC Ciullo, G Contalbrigo, M Court, GR Dalpiaz, PF De Leo, R De Nardo, L De Sanctis, E Devitsin, E Di Nezza, P Duren, M Ehrenfried, M Elalaoui-Moulay, A Elbakian, G Ellinghaus, F Elschenbroich, U Ely, J Fabbri, R Fantoni, A Fechtchenko, A Felawka, L Fox, B Franz, J Frullani, S Garber, Y Gapienko, G Gapienko, V Garibaldi, F Garutti, E Gaskell, D Gavrilov, G Gharibyan, V Graw, G Grebeniouk, O Greeniaus, LG Haeberli, W Hafidi, K Hartig, M Hasch, D Heesbeen, D Henoch, M Hertenberger, R Hesselink, WHA Hillenbrand, A Holler, Y Hommez, B Iarygin, G Ivanilov, A Izotov, A Jackson, HE Jgoun, A Kaiser, R Kinney, E Kisselev, A Konigsmann, K Kolster, H Kopytin, M Korotkov, V Kozlov, V Krauss, B Krivokhijine, VG Lagamba, L Lapikas, L Laziev, A Lenisa, P Liebing, P Lindemann, T Lipka, K Lorenzon, W Ma, BQ Makins, NCR Marukyan, H Masoli, F Menden, F Mexner, V Meyners, N Mikloukho, O Miller, CA Miyachi, Y Muccifora, V Nagaitsev, A Nappi, E Naryshkin, Y Nass, A Nowak, WD Oganessyan, K Ohsuga, H Orlandi, G Potashov, S Potterveld, DH Raithel, M Reggiani, D Reimer, PE Reischl, A Reolon, AR Rith, K Rosner, G Rostomyan, A Ryckbosch, D Sanjiev, I Savin, I Scarlett, C Schafer, A Schill, C Schnell, G Schuler, KP Schwind, A Seidl, R Seibert, J Seitz, B Shanidze, R Shibata, TA Shutov, V Simani, MC Sinram, K Stancari, M Statera, M Steffens, E Steijger, JJM Stewart, J Stosslein, U Tanaka, H Taroian, S Tchuiko, B Terkulov, A Tessarin, S Thomas, E Tkabladze, A Trzcinski, A Tytgat, M Urciuoli, GM van der Nat, P van der Steenhoven, G de Vyver, RV Vetterli, MC Vikhrov, V Vincter, MG Visser, J Vogel, C Vogt, M Volmer, J Weiskopf, C Wendland, J Wilbert, J Wise, T Yen, S Yoneyama, S Zihlmann, B Zohrabian, H Zupranski, P CA HERMES Collaboration TI Measurement of single-spin azimuthal asymmetries in semi-inclusive electroproduction of pions and kaons on a longitudinally polarised deuterium target SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID DEEP-INELASTIC SCATTERING; ODD PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; DRELL-YAN; EXCLUSIVE ELECTROPRODUCTION; HARD-SCATTERING; HERMES; LEPTOPRODUCTION; FRAGMENTATION; POLARIMETER; EVOLUTION AB Single-spin asymmetries have been measured for semi-inclusive electroproduction of pi(+), pi(-), pi(0) and K+ mesons in deep-inelastic scattering off a longitudinally polarised deuterium target. The asymmetries appear in the distribution of the hadrons in the azimuthal angle phi around the virtual photon direction, relative to the lepton scattering plane. The corresponding analysing powers in the sinphi moment of the cross section are 0.012 +/- 0.002(stat.) +/- 0.002(syst.) for pi(+), 0.006 +/- 0.003(stat.) +/- 0.002(syst.) for pi(-), 0.021 +/- 0.005(stat.) +/- 0.003(syst.) for pi(0) and 0.013 +/- 0.006(stat.) +/- 0.003(syst.) for K The sin 20 moments are compatible with zero for all particles. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V All rights reserved. C1 Univ Ghent, Dept Subatom & Radiat Phys, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2J1, Canada. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sezione Bari, I-70124 Bari, Italy. Peking Univ, Dept Phys, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. Univ Colorado, Nucl Phys Lab, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. DESY, Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron, D-22603 Hamburg, Germany. DESY Zeuthen, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Inst Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany. Univ Ferrara, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sezione Ferrara, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Univ Ferrara, Dipartimento Fis, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Freiburg, Fak Phys, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany. Univ Giessen, Inst Phys, D-35392 Giessen, Germany. Univ Glasgow, Dept Phys & Astron, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Univ Liverpool, Dept Phys, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. MIT, Nucl Sci Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Univ Michigan, Randall Lab Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. PN Lebedev Phys Inst, Moscow 117924, Russia. Univ Munich, Sekt Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. Natl Inst Nucl Phys & High Energy Phys, NIKHEF, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. St Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, Gatchina 188350, Russia. Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino 142284, Moscow Region, Russia. Univ Regensburg, Inst Theoret Phys, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany. Ist Super Sanita, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sezione Roma 1, Grp Sanita, I-00161 Rome, Italy. Ist Super Sanita, Phys Lab, I-00161 Rome, Italy. Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Phys, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Tokyo 152, Japan. Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Dept Phys & Astron, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands. Andrzej Soltan Inst Nucl Studies, PL-00689 Warsaw, Poland. Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. RP Ryckbosch, D (reprint author), Univ Ghent, Dept Subatom & Radiat Phys, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. EM dirk@inwfsun1.rug.ac.be RI Gavrilov, Gennady/C-6260-2013; Reimer, Paul/E-2223-2013; El Alaoui, Ahmed/B-4638-2015; Kozlov, Valentin/M-8000-2015; Terkulov, Adel/M-8581-2015; OI Lagamba, Luigi/0000-0002-0233-9812 NR 44 TC 116 Z9 116 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JUN 12 PY 2003 VL 562 IS 3-4 BP 182 EP 192 DI 10.1016/S0370-2693(03)00566-5 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 685WT UT WOS:000183287600006 ER PT J AU Hua, H Wu, CY Cline, D Hayes, AB Teng, R Clark, RM Fallon, P Goergen, A Macchiavelli, AO Vetter, K AF Hua, H Wu, CY Cline, D Hayes, AB Teng, R Clark, RM Fallon, P Goergen, A Macchiavelli, AO Vetter, K TI The sudden onset of the band crossing for the aligned pi g(9/2) orbitals: a possible transition of a triaxial shape from prolate to oblate? SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article DE nuclear structure; Ru-109,Ru-110,Ru-111,Ru-112; Pd-114,Pd-115,Pd-116,Pd-117; U-238(alpha, f) fusion-fission reaction; collective levels; band crossings; prolate-to-oblate shape transition ID FISSION; ALIGNMENT; DETECTOR; NUCLEI AB The yrast states were observed up through both the first and second band crossings in both Ru-112 and Pd-116 using the U-238(alpha, f) fusion-fission reaction. The rotational alignment of the g(9/2) proton-pair is responsible for the second band crossing. This assignment is based on the amount of angular momentum gained in the alignment and a similar crossing frequency is observed for the rotational band based on the h(11/2) neutron orbital in both Ru-111 and Pd-117. The closeness of the crossing frequency between the first and second band crossings, which happens unexpectedly within a rotational frequency span of approximate to 50 keV, most likely is caused by a transition of a triaxial shape from prolate to oblate in neutron rich Ru and Pd nuclei. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Rochester, Dept Phys, Nucl Struct Res Lab, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Hua, H (reprint author), Univ Rochester, Dept Phys, Nucl Struct Res Lab, 601 Elmwood Ave, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. EM hhua@exotic.pas.rochester.edu OI Gorgen, Andreas/0000-0003-1916-9941 NR 26 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 EI 1873-2445 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JUN 12 PY 2003 VL 562 IS 3-4 BP 201 EP 207 DI 10.1016/S0370-2693(03)00569-0 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 685WT UT WOS:000183287600008 ER PT J AU Zhou, F Liao, XZ Zhu, YT Dallek, S Lavernia, EJ AF Zhou, F Liao, XZ Zhu, YT Dallek, S Lavernia, EJ TI Microstructural evolution during recovery and recrystallization of a nanocrystalline Al-Mg alloy prepared by cryogenic ball milling SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE nanocrystalline materials; ball milling; recovery; recrystallization; aluminum alloys ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATION; STRAIN RATE SUPERPLASTICITY; SEVERE PLASTIC-DEFORMATION; GRAIN-GROWTH; MECHANICAL ATTRITION; NANOSTRUCTURED MATERIALS; FCC METALS; POWDERS; REFINEMENT; STABILITY AB The microstructural evolution during thermal annealing of a cryogenically ball milled Al-7.6 at% Mg alloy with a grain size of similar to25 nm was examined using differential scanning calorimetry, x-ray diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy. Recovery occurs during annealing from 100 to 230degreesC resulting in strain relaxation and grain coarsening, and recrystallization proceeds at higher temperatures up to about 370degreesC with further grain growth. The stored enthalpy release during recovery was estimated to be similar to450 J/mol, which is considerably higher than that in materials processed by other known cold-working methods. Only a fraction of the measured enthalpy was found to arise from the enthalpy releases due to grain coarsening and the reduction of high dislocation density. Both recovery and recrystallization give rise to non-uniform, bimodal grain-size distributions, which may result from heterogeneous nanostructures in the as-milled state. The detailed microscopic observations strongly support that grain coalescence is a feasible mechanism for grain coarsening during the recovery. In addition, the activation energy for recovery was calculated to be similar to120 kJ/mol, indicating the process is diffusion-controlled (Mg in Al), whereas the activation energy for recrystallization was considerably higher, similar to190 kJ/mol. (C) 2003 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. USN, Surface Warface Ctr, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Zhou, F (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. RI Zhu, Yuntian/B-3021-2008; Liao, Xiaozhou/B-3168-2009 OI Zhu, Yuntian/0000-0002-5961-7422; Liao, Xiaozhou/0000-0001-8565-1758 NR 49 TC 144 Z9 152 U1 17 U2 76 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD JUN 11 PY 2003 VL 51 IS 10 BP 2777 EP 2791 DI 10.1016/S1359-6454(03)00083-1 PG 15 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 691HF UT WOS:000183599500005 ER PT J AU Cui, H Eres, G Howe, JY Puretkzy, A Varela, M Geohegan, DB Lowndes, DH AF Cui, H Eres, G Howe, JY Puretkzy, A Varela, M Geohegan, DB Lowndes, DH TI Growth behavior of carbon nanotubes on multilayered metal catalyst film in chemical vapor deposition SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CO-MO CATALYSTS; CVD SYNTHESIS; RAMAN-SCATTERING; GAS-PHASE; DECOMPOSITION; ACETYLENE; PARTICLES AB The temperature and time dependences of carbon nanotube (CNT) growth by chemical vapor deposition are studied using a multilayered Al/Fe/Mo catalyst on silicon substrates. Within the 600-1100 degreesC temperature range of these studies, narrower temperature ranges were determined for the growth of distinct types of aligned multi-walled CNTs and single-walled CNTs by using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. At 900 degreesC, in contrast to earlier work, double-walled CNTs are found more abundant than single-walled CNTs. Defects also are found to accumulate faster than the ordered graphitic structure if the growth of CNTs is extended to long durations. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Bethel Valley Rd,Bldg 3150, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM cui@ornl.gov RI Varela, Maria/H-2648-2012; Varela, Maria/E-2472-2014; Howe, Jane/G-2890-2011; Geohegan, David/D-3599-2013; Eres, Gyula/C-4656-2017 OI Varela, Maria/0000-0002-6582-7004; Geohegan, David/0000-0003-0273-3139; Eres, Gyula/0000-0003-2690-5214 NR 28 TC 121 Z9 121 U1 0 U2 47 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 EI 1873-4448 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 11 PY 2003 VL 374 IS 3-4 BP 222 EP 228 DI 10.1016/S0009-2614(03)00701-2 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 689XK UT WOS:000183518100004 ER PT J AU Hoops, AA Gascooke, JR Faulhaber, AE Kautzman, KE Neumark, DM AF Hoops, AA Gascooke, JR Faulhaber, AE Kautzman, KE Neumark, DM TI Fast beam studies of I-2(-) and I-2(-) center dot Ar photodissociation SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FEMTOSECOND PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; I-2(-)(OCS)(N) CLUSTER IONS; FLIGHT MASS-SPECTROMETER; REACTION DYNAMICS; 3-BODY BREAKUP; EXCITED-STATES; GROUND-STATE; ANION; TIME; RECOMBINATION AB The photodissociation dynamics of bare I-2(-) and I-2(-). Ar at 413 and 390 nm have been investigated using a fast beam instrument coupled with a new photofragment coincidence imaging detector. Results from the application of this technique to the dissociation of I-2(-) and I-2(-). Ar yielded the dissociation energy of I-2(-) (D-0(I-2(-)) = 1.012 +/- 0.008 eV) and I-2(-)-Ar binding energy (D-0(I-2(-)-Ar) = 45 +/- 8 meV). The experiments show that at these wavelengths, I-2(-). Ar undergoes three-body dissociation to I- + I* + Ar, with very low momentum in the Ar atom and unequal momentum partitioning between the two I atoms. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Neumark, DM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Neumark, Daniel/B-9551-2009 OI Neumark, Daniel/0000-0002-3762-9473 NR 35 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 11 PY 2003 VL 374 IS 3-4 BP 235 EP 242 DI 10.1016/S0009-2614(03)00708-5 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 689XK UT WOS:000183518100006 ER PT J AU Roszak, S Gee, RH Balasubramanian, K Fried, LE AF Roszak, S Gee, RH Balasubramanian, K Fried, LE TI Molecular interactions of TATB clusters SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; BASIS SET; INTERMOLECULAR INTERACTIONS; 2ND-HARMONIC GENERATION; INTERNAL-ROTATION; ORBITAL METHODS; 1,3,5-TRIAMINO-2,4,6-TRINITROBENZENE; DECOMPOSITION; ENERGIES; DENSITY AB Electronic structure calculations of 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene (TATB) clusters are presented, The calculated gas phase structures of TATB are close to the experimental crystal structures. Two isomers of the TATB dimer axe considered. One resembles the structures found experimentally for the A-B sheet of the molecular crystal. The other, a stacked ring ('C') configuration, yields an eclipsed structure, while the crystal data suggest two rings displaced relative to each other. Electron correlation effects are of greater importance for the stacked C-dimer than the planar A-B-dimer. Furthermore, many-body contributions to the total interaction energy are found to be of limited importance. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Wroclaw Univ Technol, Inst Phys & Theoret Chem, PL-50370 Wroclaw, Poland. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Glenn T Seaborg Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Balasubramanian, K (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Fried, Laurence/L-8714-2014 OI Fried, Laurence/0000-0002-9437-7700 NR 33 TC 36 Z9 38 U1 2 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 11 PY 2003 VL 374 IS 3-4 BP 286 EP 296 DI 10.1016/S0009-2614(03)00727-9 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 689XK UT WOS:000183518100013 ER PT J AU Li, W Poisson, L Peterka, DS Ahmed, M Lucchese, RR Suits, AG AF Li, W Poisson, L Peterka, DS Ahmed, M Lucchese, RR Suits, AG TI Dissociative photoionization dynamics in ethane studied by velocity map imaging SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID H-2 LOSS REACTION; BASIS-SETS; COINCIDENCE; IONIZATION; PROPANE; BUTANE; IONS; SF6 AB We have studied the dissociative ionization of ethane from 12.0 to 12.8 eV using velocity map imaging with synchrotron radiation. We obtained translational energy release distributions and angular distributions for the C2H4+ product. The translational energy distributions are consistent with a similar to0.6 eV barrier to H-2 elimination in the ethane cation, while the angular distributions are characterized by a limiting anisotropy parameter of beta = -0.3. Theoretical calculations predict a lower anisotropy; possible reasons for the discrepancy are considered. (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11793 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Dept Chem, College Stn, TX 77642 USA. RP Suits, AG (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11793 USA. RI POISSON, Lionel/A-6669-2008; Ahmed, Musahid/A-8733-2009; OI POISSON, Lionel/0000-0002-7131-968X; Lucchese, Robert/0000-0002-7200-3775 NR 27 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 11 PY 2003 VL 374 IS 3-4 BP 334 EP 340 DI 10.1016/S0009-2614(03)00712-7 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 689XK UT WOS:000183518100020 ER PT J AU Manaa, MR Sprehn, DW Ichord, HA AF Manaa, MR Sprehn, DW Ichord, HA TI High-energy structures of azafullerene C48N12 SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID N6 ISOMERS; STABILITY; HEXAAZABENZENE; (C59N)(2); MOLECULE; DENSITY AB We report optimized geometries and harmonic vibrational frequencies of new N-N linked, fullerene-analog structures of C48N12 with 6N(2), 4N(3), and 2N(6) subunits, using B3LYP/6-31G* level of theory. These are high-energy structures with relative energy of 112, 195, and 269 kcal/mol, respectively. The N-N bonds in these isomers are in the range of 1.48-1.56 Angstrom, indicative of weak, van der Waals type interactions rather than the N-N covalent bonds usually found in polynitrogen. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Energet Mat Ctr, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Manaa, MR (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Energet Mat Ctr, POB 808,L-282,7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 16 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 11 PY 2003 VL 374 IS 3-4 BP 405 EP 409 DI 10.1016/S0009-2614(03)00775-9 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 689XK UT WOS:000183518100031 ER PT J AU Rosner, DE McGraw, R Tandon, P AF Rosner, DE McGraw, R Tandon, P TI Multivariate population balances via moment and Monte Carlo simulation methods: An important sol reaction engineering bivariate example and "mixed" moments for the estimation of deposition, scavenging, and optical properties for populations of nonspherical suspended particles SO INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the AICHE CY NOV, 2000 CL LOS ANGELES, CA SP AICHE ID EFFICIENT STOCHASTIC ALGORITHM; AEROSOL DYNAMICS; SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS; QUADRATURE METHOD; CONTINUOUS THERMODYNAMICS; SEMICONTINUOUS MIXTURES; ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOLS; BREAKAGE PROBLEMS; DIFFUSION FLAMES; CERAMIC POWDERS AB Reactors or crystallizers synthesizing valuable particles can be formally described by combining the laws of continuum transport theory with a population balance equation governing evolution of the "dispersed" (suspended) particle population. Early examples necessarily focused on highly idealized device configurations and populations described locally using only one particle state variable, i.e., "size" (length or volume). However, in almost every application of current/future importance, a multivariate description is required, for which the existing literature offers little guidance. We describe here our recent research on an instructive bivariate prototype of physical interest (coagulating, sintering nanoparticles of prescribed composition, etc.) that will, hopefully, motivate a broader attack on important multivariate population balance problems, including those describing continuous molecular mixtures. We illustrate the use of both physically based bivariate "mixed" moment and Monte Carlo simulation methods amenable to future generalization. Multivariate extensions, improved and fully coupled rate laws, and consideration of interacting (coexisting) populations will be required to deal with future sol reaction engineering problems using similar strategies/techniques. C1 Yale Univ, Dept Chem Engn, High Temp Chem React Engn Lab, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Environm Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Rosner, DE (reprint author), Yale Univ, Dept Chem Engn, High Temp Chem React Engn Lab, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. EM daniel.rosner@yale.edu NR 97 TC 52 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0888-5885 J9 IND ENG CHEM RES JI Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. PD JUN 11 PY 2003 VL 42 IS 12 BP 2699 EP 2711 DI 10.1021/ie020627l PG 13 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 687GX UT WOS:000183369200027 ER PT J AU Ames, RL Bluhm, EA Bunge, AL Abney, KD Way, JD Schreiber, SB AF Ames, RL Bluhm, EA Bunge, AL Abney, KD Way, JD Schreiber, SB TI Aqueous ion transport studies in stainless steel membranes SO INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID POROUS ALUMINA MEMBRANES; DIFFUSION AB Aqueous ion transport through unmodified, acid/base resistant, stainless steel membrane material was investigated to determine the feasibility of using the material as a basis for an actinide separation unit operation. The Mott Metal Corporation membrane material used for testing was a sintered 316L stainless steel membrane having a particle size cutoff rating of 0.5 mum and an average pore size of 2.2 +/- 0.5 mum. Radiotracer transport experimentation was conducted with Ca-45, Cs-137, (241)AM, Eu-152, and Pu-239 cations at varying pH and at dilute cation concentrations. Infinite-dilution diffusion coefficients for the cations were measured and had the same order of magnitude (10(-6) cm(2) s(-1)). The infinite-dilution diffusivities compared well with values found in the cited literature. These results confirmed bulk diffusion as the controlling mechanism for cation transport through the water-saturated stainless steel membrane pores and support the hypothesis that the membrane, in the unmodified form, does not add any contribution to the removal of selected cations under aqueous conditions. In addition, the infinite-dilution diffusion coefficient for plutonium in solution as Pu(OH)(3+) was determined for the first time to be 3.3 +/- 1.3 x 10(-6) cm(2) s(-1). C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, NMT 2, CINC, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Chem Engn, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Ames, RL (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, NMT 2, CINC, Mail Stop E511, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Bunge, Annette/A-7995-2012 OI Bunge, Annette/0000-0002-0287-3724 NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0888-5885 J9 IND ENG CHEM RES JI Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. PD JUN 11 PY 2003 VL 42 IS 12 BP 2853 EP 2860 DI 10.1021/ie020787x PG 8 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 687GX UT WOS:000183369200041 ER PT J AU Urquidi, J Benmore, CJ Neuefeind, J Tomberli, B Tulk, CA Guthrie, M Egelstaff, PA Klug, DD AF Urquidi, J Benmore, CJ Neuefeind, J Tomberli, B Tulk, CA Guthrie, M Egelstaff, PA Klug, DD TI Isotopic quantum effects on the structure of low density amorphous ice SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; GLASS-TRANSITION; LIQUID H2O; WATER; D2O; PRESSURE; HYDROGEN AB Careful neutron diffraction measurements on deuterated low density amorphous (LDA) ice confirm that at 120 K it can be considered a fully 'annealed' structure, as no significant changes are observed in the amorphous spectra until crystallization occurred over time at 130 K. On this basis, the measurement of structural differences between the hydrogenated and deuterated forms of LDA ice at 120 K, have been carried out using 98 keV electromagnetic radiation diffraction techniques. The maximum observed isotope effect in LDA ice is similar to3.4% at 40 K when compared to the magnitude of the first peak in the electronic structure factor at Q = 1.70 Angstrom(-1). This compares to a maximum effect of similar to1.6% previously measured in liquid water at room temperature (Tomberli et al 2000 J Phys.: Condens. Matter 12 2597). The isotope effect is shown to be similar to a temperature shift in the structure of light LDA ice. However, the existence of a first sharp diffraction peak at Q = 1.0 Angstrom(-1) in the isotopic difference function is not reproduced in the temperature difference and suggests that additional longer-range correlations are present in the more ordered deuterated form. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Natl Res Council Canada, Ottawa, ON K0A 0R6, Canada. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Guelph, Dept Phys, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Argonne Natl Lab, Div Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Guthrie, Malcolm/K-3099-2012; Neuefeind, Joerg/D-9990-2015; Tulk, Chris/R-6088-2016; OI Neuefeind, Joerg/0000-0002-0563-1544; Tulk, Chris/0000-0003-3400-3878; Benmore, Chris/0000-0001-7007-7749 NR 20 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 7 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 EI 1361-648X J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD JUN 11 PY 2003 VL 15 IS 22 BP 3657 EP 3664 AR PII S0953-8984(03)55322-X DI 10.1088/0953-8984/15/22/301 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 695KA UT WOS:000183828600002 ER PT J AU Knafo, W Raymond, S Fak, B Lapertot, G Canfield, PC Flouquet, J AF Knafo, W Raymond, S Fak, B Lapertot, G Canfield, PC Flouquet, J TI Study of low-energy magnetic excitations in single-crystalline CeIn3 by inelastic neutron scattering SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-FERMION COMPOUNDS; COMPOUND CEIN3; CEPD2SI2; SYSTEMS; PRESSURE; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; SUSCEPTIBILITY; TEMPERATURE; INSTABILITY; DEGENERACY AB Inelastic neutron scattering experiments were performed on single crystals of the heavy-fermion compound CeIn3 for temperatures below and above the Neel temperature, T-N. In the antiferromagnetically ordered phase, well-defined spin-wave excitations with a bandwidth of 2 meV are observed. The spin waves coexist with quasielastic (QE) Kondo-type spin fluctuations and broadened crystal-field (CF) excitations below T-N. Above T-N, only the QE and CF excitations persist, with a weak temperature dependence. C1 CEA, DRFMC, SPSMS, F-38054 Grenoble, France. Rutherford Appleton Lab, ISIS Facil, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP CEA, DRFMC, SPSMS, F-38054 Grenoble, France. RI LAPERTOT, Gerard/B-3354-2008; Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014 NR 28 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 7 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 EI 1361-648X J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD JUN 11 PY 2003 VL 15 IS 22 BP 3741 EP 3749 AR PII S0953-8984(03)60928-8 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/15/22/308 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 695KA UT WOS:000183828600009 ER PT J AU Cheung, CL Camarero, JA Woods, BW Lin, TW Johnson, JE De Yoreo, JJ AF Cheung, CL Camarero, JA Woods, BW Lin, TW Johnson, JE De Yoreo, JJ TI Fabrication of assembled virus nanostructures on templates of chemoselective linkers formed by scanning probe nanolithography SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID DIP-PEN NANOLITHOGRAPHY; MONOLAYERS; LITHOGRAPHY; SURFACES C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Scripps Res Inst, Dept Mol Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. RP Camarero, JA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Directorate, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM camarero1@llnl.gov RI Cheung, Chin Li/B-8270-2013; Camarero, Julio/A-9628-2015 NR 13 TC 131 Z9 135 U1 0 U2 17 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JUN 11 PY 2003 VL 125 IS 23 BP 6848 EP 6849 DI 10.1021/ja034479h PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 687CX UT WOS:000183359300004 PM 12783520 ER PT J AU Rai, BK Durbin, SM Prohofsky, EW Sage, JT Ellison, MK Roth, A Scheidt, WR Sturhahn, W Alp, EE AF Rai, BK Durbin, SM Prohofsky, EW Sage, JT Ellison, MK Roth, A Scheidt, WR Sturhahn, W Alp, EE TI Direct determination of the complete set of iron normal modes in a porphyrin-imidazole model for carbonmonoxy-heme proteins: [Fe(TPP)(CO)(1-Melm)] SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR RESONANT SCATTERING; DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; SPIN COBALT PORPHYRINS; FORCE-FIELD; MOLECULAR STEREOCHEMISTRY; SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION; VIBRATIONAL-SPECTRA; RAMAN INTENSITIES; INFRARED-SPECTRA; NICKEL PORPHINE AB Detailed Fe vibrational spectra have been obtained for the heme model complex [Fe(TPP)(CO)-(1-Melm)] using a new, highly selective and quantitative technique, Nuclear Resonance Vibrational Spectroscopy (NRVS). This spectroscopy measures the complete vibrational density of states for iron atoms, from which normal modes can be calculated via refinement of the force constants. These data and mode assignments can reveal previously undetected vibrations and are useful for validating predictions based on optical spectroscopies and density functional theory, for example. Vibrational modes of the iron porphyrin-imidazole compound [Fe(TPP)(CO)(1-Melm)] have been determined by refining normal mode calculations to NRVS data obtained at an X-ray synchrotron source. Iron dynamics of this compound, which serves as a useful model for the active site in the six-coordinate heme protein, carbonmonoxy-myoglobin, are discussed in relation to recently determined dynamics of a five-coordinate deoxy-myoglobin model, [Fe(TPP)(2-MeHIm)]. For the first time in a six-coordinate heme system, the iron-imidazole stretch mode has been observed, at 226 cm(-1). The heme in-plane modes with large contributions from the nu(42), nu(49), nu(50), and nu(53) modes of the core porphyrin are identified. In general, the iron modes can be attributed to coupling with the porphyrin core, the CO ligand, the imidazole ring, and/or the phenyl rings. Other significant findings are the observation that the porphyrin ring peripheral substituents are strongly coupled to the iron doming mode and that the Fe-C-O tilting and bending modes are related by a negative interaction force constant. C1 Purdue Univ, Dept Phys, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Northeastern Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Northeastern Univ, Ctr Interdisciplinary Res Complex Syst, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Univ Notre Dame, Dept Chem & Biochem, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Durbin, SM (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Phys, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM-38401, GM-52002] NR 58 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JUN 11 PY 2003 VL 125 IS 23 BP 6927 EP 6936 DI 10.1021/ja028219w PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 687CX UT WOS:000183359300029 PM 12783545 ER PT J AU Chen, LX Shaw, GB Novozhilova, I Liu, T Jennings, G Attenkofer, K Meyer, GJ Coppens, P AF Chen, LX Shaw, GB Novozhilova, I Liu, T Jennings, G Attenkofer, K Meyer, GJ Coppens, P TI MLCT state structure and dynamics of a copper(I) diimine complex characterized by pump-probe X-ray and laser spectroscopies and DFT calculations SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Review ID REGULAR 2-COMPONENT HAMILTONIANS; DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL-THEORY; GATED ELECTRON-TRANSFER; MOLECULAR-STRUCTURES; CHARGE-TRANSFER; EXCITED-STATE; BIS(2,9-DIMETHYL-1,10-PHENANTHROLINE)COPPER(I) NITRATE; INORGANIC EXCIPLEXES; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; CU(NN)2+ SYSTEMS AB The molecular structure and dynamics of the photoexcited metal-to-ligand-charge-transfer (MLCT) state of [Cu-I(dmP)(2)](+), where dmp is 2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline, in acetonitrile have been investigated by time-domain pump-probe X-ray absorption spectroscopy, femtosecond optical transient spectroscopy, and density functional theory (DFT). The time resolution for the excited state structural determination was 100 ps, provided by single X-ray pulses from a third generation synchrotron source. The Cooper ion in the thermally equilibrated MLCT state has the same oxidation state as the corresponding copper(II) complex in the ground state and was found to be penta-coordinate with an average nearest neighbor Cu-N distance 0.04 Angstrom shorter than that of the ground state [Cu-I(dMP)(2)](+). The results confirm the previously proposed "exciplex" structure of the MLCT state in Lewis basic solvents. The evolution from the photoexcited Franck-Condon MLCT state to the thermally equilibrated MLCT state was followed by femtosecond optical transient spectroscopy, revealing three time constants of 500-700 fs, 10-20 ps, and 1.6-1.7 ns, likely related to the kinetics for the formation of the triplet MLCT state, structural relaxation, and the MLCT excited-state decay to the ground state, respectively. DFT calculations are used to interpret the spectral shift on structural relaxation and to predict the geometries of the ground state, the tetracoordinate excited state, and the exciplex. The DFT calculations also indicate that the amount of charge transferred from copper to the dmp ligand upon photoexcitation is similar to the charge difference at the copper center between the groundstate copper(I) and copper(II) complexes. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Chem, Baltimore, MD 21210 USA. SUNY Buffalo, Dept Chem, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. RP Chen, LX (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM lchen@anl.gov NR 102 TC 166 Z9 166 U1 6 U2 63 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JUN 11 PY 2003 VL 125 IS 23 BP 7022 EP 7034 DI 10.1021/ja0294663 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 687CX UT WOS:000183359300041 PM 12783557 ER PT J AU Huang, XY Li, J Zhang, Y Mascarenhas, A AF Huang, XY Li, J Zhang, Y Mascarenhas, A TI From 1D chain to 3D network: Tuning hybrid II-VI nanostructures and their optical properties SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM DOTS; SEMICONDUCTOR PARTICLES; PERSPECTIVES; CHEMISTRY; MOLECULES; STATE AB In an effort to make semiconductor nanomaterials with tunable properties, we have deliberately designed and synthesized a family of novel organic-inorganic hybrid nanocomposites based on II-VI semiconductors with structures ranging from one-dimensional (1-D) chain to two-dimensional layer (2-D) to three-dimensional (3-D) framework. All nanostructures exhibit strong quantum confinement effect (QCE), while possessing a perfectly periodic arrangement. The optical absorption experiments show that all compounds generate a very large blue shift in the absorption edge (1.0-2.0 eV) due to the strong OCE. More significantly, their band edge shift and optical properties can be tuned by changing the dimensionality of inorganic motifs as well as overall crystal structures. Raman studies reveal that not only do these structures have distinctly different vibrational signatures from those of the II-VI host semiconductors, but they also differ significantly from each other as a result of changes in dimensionality. The crystal structures of these nanocomposite materials have been characterized by single crystal and/or powder X-ray diffraction methods. [ZnTe(pda)] (1; pda = propanediamine) is composed of 1-D chains of [ZnTe] with pda chelating to Zn atoms. [ZnTe(N2H4)] (2; N2H4 = hydrazine) and [ZnTe(ma)] (3; ma = MeNH2 = methylamine) are two-dimensional (2-D) layered structures containing [ZnTe] slabs and terminal hydrazine (2) or methylamine (3) molecules. The crystal structures of [CdSe(en)(0.5)] (4; en = ethylenediamine) and [CdSe(pda)(0.5)] (5) are 3-D networks containing [CdSe] slabs bridged by bidentate organic diamine molecules. Crystal data for 1: Orthorhombic, space group Pbcm, a = 9.997(2), b = 6.997(1), c 10.332(2) Angstrom, Z= 4. For 2: Monoclinic, space group P2(1), a = 4.2222(6), b = 6.9057(9), c = 7.3031(10) Angstrom, beta = 98.92(8)degrees, Z = 2. For 3: Orthorhombic, Pbca, a = 7.179(1), b = 6.946(1), c = 18.913(4) Angstrom, Z = 8. For 4: Orthorhombic, Pbca, a = 7.0949(3), b = 6.795(3), c = 16.7212(8) Angstrom, Z = 8. For 5: Orthorhombic, Cmc2(1), a = 20.6660(12), b = 6.8900(4), c 6.7513(4) Angstrom, Z = 8. C1 Rutgers State Univ, Dept Chem & Chem Biol, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Li, J (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Dept Chem & Chem Biol, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. RI Huang, Xiao-Ying/E-9705-2011 OI Huang, Xiao-Ying/0000-0002-3514-216X NR 23 TC 150 Z9 151 U1 10 U2 71 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JUN 11 PY 2003 VL 125 IS 23 BP 7049 EP 7055 DI 10.1021/ja0343611 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 687CX UT WOS:000183359300043 PM 12783559 ER PT J AU Tzenov, SI Davidson, RC AF Tzenov, SI Davidson, RC TI Renormalization group reduction of the Henon map and application to the transverse betatron motion in cyclic accelerators SO NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID HAMILTONIAN-SYSTEMS; PERTURBATION-THEORY AB The renormalization group (RG) method is applied to the study of discrete dynamical systems. As a particular example, the Henon map is considered as being applied to describe the transverse betatron oscillations in a cyclic accelerator or storage ring possessing a FODO-cell structure with a single thin sextupole. A powerful RG method is developed that is valid correct to fourth order in the perturbation amplitude, and a technique for resolving the resonance structure of the Henon map is also presented. This calculation represents an application of the RG method to the study of discrete dynamical systems in a unified manner capable of reducing the dynamics of the system both far from and close to resonances, thus preserving the symplectic symmetry of the original map. C1 Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Tzenov, SI (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM tzenov@sa.infn.it OI Tzenov, Stephan/0000-0001-8672-308X NR 24 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1367-2630 J9 NEW J PHYS JI New J. Phys. PD JUN 11 PY 2003 VL 5 AR 67 DI 10.1088/1367-2630/5/1/367 PG 13 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 690BL UT WOS:000183527400001 ER PT J AU Burr, T Hemphill, G Longmire, V Smith, M AF Burr, T Hemphill, G Longmire, V Smith, M TI The impact of combining nuclear material categories on uncertainty SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE working standards; total measurement error; systematic and random errors AB There is nearly always some mismatch between the physical properties of items containing nuclear material and standards used to calibrate the assay method. Physical properties include the density and heterogeneity of the item's nonnuclear material and the type of interfering species, such as hydrogen in the case of neutron counting. Some assay techniques are less sensitive to variation in physical properties than others and can be used to generate working standards. Provided that a reference assay method I (often calorimetry) is available that is well characterized (having negligible or known dependence on varying physical properties), we can assess the total measurement error of another method 2. In this paper we consider the impact of the number of measurement categories on the measurement error standard deviation of method 2. We assume that working standards (traceable to primary reference standards) are provided by the method I assay of actual facility items. Given the same number of working standards, we evaluate the tradeoff between using more working standards for each of a fewer number of categories versus using fewer standards in each of more categories. This leads to a method to determine a good allocation of working standards., (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Safeguards Syst Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Burr, T (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Safeguards Syst Grp, NIS7,POB 1663,Mail Stop E 541, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 11 PY 2003 VL 505 IS 3 BP 707 EP 717 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00347-4 PG 11 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 693DP UT WOS:000183700400008 ER PT J AU Buzdin, A Koshelev, AE AF Buzdin, A Koshelev, AE TI Periodic alternating 0- and pi-junction structures as realization of Phi-Josephson junctions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SUPERCONDUCTORS; STATE; FLUX AB We consider the properties of a periodic structure consisting of small alternating 0- and pi-Josephson junctions. We show that depending on the relation between the lengths of the individual junctions, this system can be either in the homogeneous or in the phase-modulated state. The modulated phase appears via a second-order phase transition when the mismatch between the lengths of the individual junctions drops below the critical value. The screening length diverges at the transition point. In the modulated state, the equilibrium phase difference in the structure can take any value from -pi to pi (Phi-junction). The current-phase relation in this structure has very unusual shape with two maxima. As a consequence, the field dependence of the critical current in a small structure is very different from the standard Fraunhofer dependence. The Josephson vortex in a long structure carries partial magnetic flux, which is determined by the equilibrium phase. C1 Univ Bordeaux 1, UMR 5798, CPMOH, F-33405 Talence, France. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Univ Bordeaux 1, UMR 5798, CPMOH, F-33405 Talence, France. RI Buzdin, Alexander/I-6038-2013; Koshelev, Alexei/K-3971-2013 OI Koshelev, Alexei/0000-0002-1167-5906 NR 16 TC 92 Z9 95 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN 11 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 22 AR 220504 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.220504 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 698RB UT WOS:000184011600012 ER PT J AU Cai, SH Rashkeev, SN Pantelides, ST Sohlberg, K AF Cai, SH Rashkeev, SN Pantelides, ST Sohlberg, K TI Phase transformation mechanism between gamma- and theta-alumina SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID TRANSITION ALUMINAS; CATALYTIC ALUMINAS; CORRELATION-ENERGY; CATION ADDITIVES; ELECTRON-GAS; GAMMA-AL2O3; DEHYDRATION; POLYMORPHS; ADSORPTION; OXIDATION AB gamma-alumina transforms to theta-alumina and finally to alpha-alumina in the sequence of thermal dehydration of boehmite. We report a detailed theoretical investigation of the gamma- to theta-alumina transformation based on first-principles density-functional calculations. Although the unit cells of cubic gamma-alumina and monoclinic theta-alumina look quite different, we have identified cells for both the polytypes (with the composition Al16O24) that look very similar and can be continuously transformed one to another. The transformation may be described by a set of aluminum atom migrations between different interstitials while the oxygen atoms remain fixed. Total-energy calculations along the paths of the atomic migrations have been used to map out possible transformation pathways. The calculated conversion rate accurately predicts the experimentally measured transformation temperature. The deduced orientation relationships between the gamma- and theta-alumina forms also agree with experimental observations. The formation of several different interfaces observed in domain boundaries of theta-alumina may correspond to different migration paths of the aluminum atoms in neighboring domains during the gamma- to theta-alumina phase transition. C1 Xiamen Univ, Dept Phys, State Key Lab Phys Chem Solid Surface, Xiamen 361005, Peoples R China. Drexel Univ, Dept Chem, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Xiamen Univ, Dept Phys, State Key Lab Phys Chem Solid Surface, Xiamen 361005, Peoples R China. EM sohlbergk@drexel.edu RI Cai, SH/G-3334-2010 NR 59 TC 45 Z9 46 U1 1 U2 27 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN 11 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 22 AR 224104 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.224104 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 698RB UT WOS:000184011600018 ER PT J AU Demos, SG Staggs, M Radousky, HB AF Demos, SG Staggs, M Radousky, HB TI Bulk defect formations in KH2PO4 crystals investigated using fluorescence microscopy SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID POTASSIUM DIHYDROGEN PHOSPHATE; LASER IRRADIATION; RAPID-GROWTH; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; HYDROGEN-ATOMS; POINT-DEFECTS; KDP CRYSTALS; IMPURITIES; ABSORPTION; DIFFUSION AB Defect formations located in the bulk of KH2PO4 crystals are studied using a specially designed microscopic fluorescence imaging system. The concentration of the observed defect clusters varies depending on the crystal-growth method, the growth sector of the crystal, and the speed of growth. The experimental procedure involves acquisition of high-resolution fluorescence images of bulk defect cluster formations obtained under cw, 488-nm photoexcitation. Annihilation and/or passivation of these defects is observed under exposure of the crystal to high-power, 355-nm laser irradiation. This work suggests that native defects can influence the optical performance and characteristics of potassium dihydrogen phosphate. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Demos, SG (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 40 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN 11 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 22 AR 224102 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.224102 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 698RB UT WOS:000184011600016 ER PT J AU Gronbech-Jensen, N Thompson, DB Cirillo, M Cosmelli, C AF Gronbech-Jensen, N Thompson, DB Cirillo, M Cosmelli, C TI Thermal escape from zero-voltage states in hysteretic superconducting interferometers SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ACTIVATION; JUNCTIONS AB We analyze the thermal escape behavior of the metastable zero-voltage state in biased symmetric hysteretic interferometers in external magnetic fields. An effective single degree of freedom equation of motion for the system with small loop inductance is derived and used to evaluate the two necessary parameters, energy barrier and attempt frequency, for the successful application of Kramers theory for thermal escape from metastable states. The slightly revised theory, resulting in a double pendulum model of the interferometer, is outlined and numerical simulation results are used to validate the approach. Recent experimental reports of excessive thermal escape temperatures for interferometers are discussed and interpreted. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Computat Res Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dept Phys, I-00133 Rome, Italy. Univ Roma Tor Vergata, INFM, I-00133 Rome, Italy. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dept Phys, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Univ Roma La Sapienza, INFM, I-00185 Rome, Italy. RP Gronbech-Jensen, N (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. NR 12 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN 11 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 22 AR 224505 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.224505 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 698RB UT WOS:000184011600073 ER PT J AU Hoffmann, A Grimsditch, M Pearson, JE Nogues, J Macedo, WAA Schuller, IK AF Hoffmann, A Grimsditch, M Pearson, JE Nogues, J Macedo, WAA Schuller, IK TI Tailoring the exchange bias via shape anisotropy in ferromagnetic/antiferromagnetic exchange-coupled systems SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC ANISOTROPY AB The magnetic behavior of Fe lines on top of a continuous FeF2 antiferromagnetic layer was investigated as a function of the orientation of the lines with respect to the applied magnetic field and a unidirectional anisotropy established by field cooling. The orientational dependence of the asymmetric loop shift, called exchange bias, shows that the competition between shape and unidirectional anisotropies modifies the exchange bias and the coercivity. Remarkably, in certain cases, exchange bias can be observed even when the applied field is perpendicular to the unidirectional anisotropy. Numerical simulations with a coherent rotation model illustrate a rich phase diagram, which originates from the noncollinearity of the involved anisotropies. Using this phase diagram, exchange bias and coercivity can be predictably tailored. In particular, different preferred magnetization directions can be designed in separately patterned structures of the same sample with identical preparation and magnetic history. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Inst Catalana Recerca & Estudis Avancats, Bellaterra 08193, Spain. Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Dept Fis, Bellaterra 08193, Spain. Ctr Desenvolvimento Tecnol Nucl, Lab Fis Aplicada, BR-30123970 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM hoffmann@anl.gov RI Nogues, Josep/D-7791-2012; Hoffmann, Axel/A-8152-2009 OI Nogues, Josep/0000-0003-4616-1371; Hoffmann, Axel/0000-0002-1808-2767 NR 17 TC 67 Z9 68 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN 11 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 22 AR 220406 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.220406 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 698RB UT WOS:000184011600007 ER PT J AU Maris, G Ren, Y Volotchaev, V Zobel, C Lorenz, T Palstra, TTM AF Maris, G Ren, Y Volotchaev, V Zobel, C Lorenz, T Palstra, TTM TI Evidence for orbital ordering in LaCoO3 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SPIN-STATE TRANSITIONS; X-RAY-SCATTERING; NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; LAMNO3 AB We present powder and single-crystal x-ray diffraction data as evidence for a monoclinic distortion in the low-spin (S=0) and intermediate spin states (S=1) of LaCoO3. The alternation of short and long bonds in the ab plane indicates the presence of e(g) orbital ordering induced by a cooperative Jahn-Teller distortion. We observe an increase of the Jahn-Teller distortion with temperature in agreement with a thermally activated behavior of the Co3+ ions from a low-spin ground state to an intermediate-spin excited state. C1 Univ Groningen, Ctr Mat Sci, Solid State Chem Lab, NL-9747 AG Groningen, Netherlands. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Cologne, Inst Phys 2, D-50937 Cologne, Germany. RP Univ Groningen, Ctr Mat Sci, Solid State Chem Lab, Nijenborg 4, NL-9747 AG Groningen, Netherlands. EM palstra@chem.rug.nl RI Palstra, Thomas/K-1961-2013; Volochaev, Vadim/N-3239-2014 OI Palstra, Thomas/0000-0001-5239-3115; Volochaev, Vadim/0000-0003-2982-9974 NR 29 TC 153 Z9 153 U1 2 U2 35 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN 11 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 22 AR 224423 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.224423 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 698RB UT WOS:000184011600056 ER PT J AU Mito, T Koyama, T Shimoide, M Wada, S Muramatsu, T Kobayashi, TC Sarrao, JL AF Mito, T Koyama, T Shimoide, M Wada, S Muramatsu, T Kobayashi, TC Sarrao, JL TI Magnetic ordering in the pressure-stabilized high-temperature phase of YbInCu4 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID VALENCE TRANSITION; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; FERROMAGNETISM; YBXIN1-XCU2; FIELD; AG AB To elucidate the ground state of the pressure-stabilized high-temperature (HT) phase of YbInCu4, we have carried out electrical resistivity rho and ac-susceptibility chi(ac) measurements at high pressures. For pressures above 2.49 GPa, the first-order valence transition is completely suppressed (below similar to80 mK). Separately, above 2.39 GPa, a clear peak appears in chi(ac) with a small kink in rho at around T-M=2.4 K. The chi(ac) peak is easily diminished by applying low magnetic fields and disappears above similar to500 Oe. The characteristic behavior of chi(ac) at T-M can generally be ascribed to the onset of long-range ferromagnetic ordering and, therefore, the ground state of the pressure-stabilized HT phase is most probably a ferromagnetically ordered state. This result is compatible with the occurrence of weak ferromagnetism recently reported for the Y-substituted compound Yb0.8Y0.2InCu4 under pressure of 1.2 GPa. C1 Kobe Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Phys, Nada Ku, Kobe, Hyogo 6578501, Japan. Osaka Univ, KYOKUGEN, Osaka 5608531, Japan. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Mito, T (reprint author), Kobe Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Phys, Nada Ku, Kobe, Hyogo 6578501, Japan. RI KOBAYASHI, Tatsuo/B-1527-2011 NR 22 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN 11 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 22 AR 224409 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.224409 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 698RB UT WOS:000184011600042 ER PT J AU Nelson, EJ Blobaum, KJM Wall, MA Allen, PG Schwartz, AJ Booth, CH AF Nelson, EJ Blobaum, KJM Wall, MA Allen, PG Schwartz, AJ Booth, CH TI Local structure and vibrational properties of alpha '-Pu martensite in Ga-stabilized delta-Pu SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-ABSORPTION; FINE-STRUCTURE SPECTROSCOPY; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; STRUCTURE STANDARDS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; PLUTONIUM; ALLOYS; TRANSFORMATION; DELTA->ALPHA; ELEMENTS AB Extended x-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (EXAFS) is used to investigate the local atomic environment and vibrational properties of plutonium and gallium atoms in the alpha(') and delta phases of a mixed phase Pu-Ga alloy. EXAFS results measured at low temperature compare the structure of the mixed phase sample with a single-phase delta-Pu sample. EXAFS spectral components attributed to both alpha(')-Pu and delta-Pu were observed in the mixed phase sample. Ga K-edge EXAFS spectra indicate local atomic environments similar to the Pu L-III-edge EXAFS results, which suggests that Ga is substitutional for Pu atoms in both the monoclinic alpha(')-Pu and the fcc delta-Pu structures. In delta-Pu, we measure a Ga-Pu bond length contraction of 0.11 A with respect to the Pu-Pu bond length. The corresponding bond-length contraction around Ga in alpha(')-Pu is only 0.03 A. Results from temperature-dependent Pu L-III-edge EXAFS measurements are fit to a correlated Debye model, and a large difference in the Pu-Pu bond Debye temperature is observed for the alpha(') and delta phases: theta(cD)(alpha('))=159+/-13 K versus theta(cD)(delta)=120+/-3 K. The corresponding analysis for the Ga K EXAFS determines a Ga-Pu bond Debye temperature of theta(cD)(delta)=188+/-12 K in the delta-Pu phase. These results are related to the observed solubility of Ga in delta-Pu, the "stabilization" of delta-Pu by Ga at room temperature, and the insolubility of Ga in alpha(')-Pu. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Seaborg Inst Transactinium Sci, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Nelson, EJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Seaborg Inst Transactinium Sci, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RI Booth, Corwin/A-7877-2008 NR 30 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN 11 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 22 AR 224206 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.224206 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 698RB UT WOS:000184011600030 ER PT J AU Pask, JE Yang, LH Fong, CY Pickett, WE Dag, S AF Pask, JE Yang, LH Fong, CY Pickett, WE Dag, S TI Six low-strain zinc-blende half metals: An ab initio investigation SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID GENERALIZED GRADIENT APPROXIMATION; MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; SEMICONDUCTORS; FERROMAGNET; TRANSITION; MNAS; DYNAMICS; CRO2; CRAS AB A class of spintronic materials, the zinc-blende (ZB) half metals, has recently been synthesized in thin-film form. We apply all-electron and pseudopotential ab initio methods to investigate the electronic and structural properties of ZB Mn and Cr pnictides and carbides, and find six compounds to be half metallic at or near their respective equilibrium lattice constants, making them excellent candidates for growth at low strain. Based on these findings, we further propose substrates on which the growth may be accomplished with minimum strain. Our findings are supported by the recent successful synthesis of ZB CrAs on GaAs and ZB CrSb on GaSb, where our predicted equilibrium lattice constants are within 0.5% of the lattice constants of the substrates on which the growth was accomplished. We confirm previous theoretical results for ZB MnAs, but find ZB MnSb to be half metallic at its equilibrium lattice constant, whereas previous work has found it to be only nearly so. We report here two low-strain half metallic ZB compounds, CrP and MnC, and suggest appropriate substrates for each. Unlike the other five compounds, we predict ZB MnC to become/remain half metallic with compression rather than expansion, and to exhibit metallicity in the minority- rather than majority-spin channel. These fundamentally different properties of MnC can be connected to substantially greater p-d hybridization and d-d overlap, and correspondingly larger bonding-antibonding splitting and smaller exchange splitting. We examine the relative stability of each of the six ZB compounds against NiAs and MnP structures, and find stabilities for the compounds not yet grown comparable to those already grown. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div H, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Bilkent Univ, Dept Phys, Ankara, Turkey. RP Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div H, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM pask1@llnl.gov NR 40 TC 148 Z9 149 U1 2 U2 18 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN 11 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 22 AR 224420 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.224420 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 698RB UT WOS:000184011600053 ER PT J AU Schofield, MA Wu, L Zhu, Y AF Schofield, MA Wu, L Zhu, Y TI Quantitative measurement of grain boundary potentials on the nanoscale by off-axis electron holography SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID STRUCTURAL ORIGIN; CRITICAL CURRENTS; TWIST BOUNDARIES; YBA2CU3O7-DELTA; BICRYSTALS; BEHAVIOR; BI2SR2CACU2O8+DELTA; TRANSPORT; SYMMETRY AB We explore the quantification of the grain boundary potential across c-axis aligned twist boundaries in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta superconductors using off-axis electron holography. In separating the bulk contribution to the potential profile we find that a kinematical treatment is sufficient to quantify the potential associated with only the grain boundary. We model the measured potential with a Gaussian function to determine the charge density across several boundaries as a function of the interface misorientation. We further examine the effect of objective lens aberration and defocus on the potential quantification for subnanometer resolution and conclude that it may be neglected for spatial resolution above 5 Angstrom, which is suitable for the boundaries under study. We find no dependence of the measured potential or grain boundary width on the misorientation angle. We measure an average grain boundary potential of 2.18+/-0.12 V corresponding to about a 8.6 Angstrom interface width, and conclude that a negative charge of 1.7e(-)/unit cell is associated with the grain boundary core. The treatment presented here has general validity for the quantitative study of interface potential. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Mat Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Schofield, MA (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Mat Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 21 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN 11 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 22 AR 224512 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.224512 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 698RB UT WOS:000184011600080 ER PT J AU Sidorov, VA Bauer, ED Frederick, NA Jeffries, JR Nakatsuji, S Moreno, NO Thompson, JD Maple, MB Fisk, Z AF Sidorov, VA Bauer, ED Frederick, NA Jeffries, JR Nakatsuji, S Moreno, NO Thompson, JD Maple, MB Fisk, Z TI Magnetic phase diagram of the ferromagnetic Kondo-lattice compound CeAgSb2 up to 80 kbar SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID HIGH-PRESSURE; POLYCRYSTALLINE UGE2; HYDROSTATIC-PRESSURE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; CRITICAL-POINTS; FERMI-LIQUID; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; TEMPERATURE; CERU2GE2; GPA AB Electrical resistivity and ac-calorimetric measurements reveal a complex magnetic phase diagram for single crystals of the ferromagnetic Kondo-lattice compound CeAgSb2 at high pressures up to 80 kbar. The ferromagnetic order at T-C=9.6 K at ambient pressure is completely suppressed at a critical pressure P-C=35 kbar. Another magnetic transition, possibly antiferromagnetic, found above 27 kbar, attains a maximum value T(N)similar to6 K at 44 kbar and then appears to be completely suppressed by similar to50 kbar. Thermodynamic and transport measurements in the ferromagnetic state indicate an energy gap Deltasimilar to30 K in the spin-wave excitation spectrum at ambient pressure which decreases to Deltasimilar to10 K at P=30 kbar. No superconductivity is observed at ambient pressure above Tsimilar to0.1 K, under applied pressure in the ferromagnetic state (P=28.5 kbar), nor in the antiferromagnetic state (P=33-46 kbar) above 0.3 K. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Inst Pure & Appl Phys Sci, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Florida State Univ, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. Florida State Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. RP Sidorov, VA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Bauer, Eric/D-7212-2011; Moreno, Nelson/H-1708-2012 OI Moreno, Nelson/0000-0002-1672-4340 NR 44 TC 52 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN 11 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 22 AR 224419 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.224419 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 698RB UT WOS:000184011600052 ER PT J AU Simovic, B Hucker, M Hammel, PC Buchner, B Ammerahl, U Revcolevschi, A AF Simovic, B Hucker, M Hammel, PC Buchner, B Ammerahl, U Revcolevschi, A TI Local structure of La1.65Eu0.2Sr0.15CuO4 determined by Cu-63 NMR spectroscopy and Van Vleck paramagnetism of Eu3+ ions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID EU-151 MOSSBAUER-SPECTROSCOPY; OCTAHEDRAL TILTS; CUO6 OCTAHEDRA; SUPERCONDUCTORS; LATTICE; LA1.83-XEU0.17SRXCUO4; INSTABILITIES; LA2-XSRXCUO4; LA2-XBAXCUO4; DISTORTIONS AB We investigate the local symmetry of the tilting of the CuO6 octahedra in La1.65Eu0.2Sr0.15CuO4 by means of Cu-63 NMR spectroscopy and the Van Vleck susceptibility of the Eu3+ ions. The lineshape of the Cu-NMR central line is sensitive to local structure through the coupling of the Cu-63 nuclear quadrupole moment to the local electric field gradient. The Eu3+ Van Vleck susceptibility, as a single ion effect, locally probes the symmetry of the crystal field at the Eu site. Both techniques independently provide clear evidence for a change of the local tilt symmetry at the first order structural transition from the orthorhombic to the low-temperature tetragonal phase, in excellent agreement with the average structure obtained by diffraction techniques. We conclude that the symmetry of the average crystal structure accurately represents the symmetry of the octahedral tilt pattern on a local scale. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 2, D-52056 Aachen, Germany. Univ Paris 11, Lab Phys Chim Etat Solide, F-91405 Orsay, France. RP Simovic, B (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Hammel, P Chris/O-4845-2014; Buchner, Bernd/E-2437-2016 OI Hammel, P Chris/0000-0002-4138-4798; Buchner, Bernd/0000-0002-3886-2680 NR 27 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 4 U2 10 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN 11 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 22 AR 224508 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.224508 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 698RB UT WOS:000184011600076 ER PT J AU Xue, YY Chen, F Cmaidalka, J Meng, RL Chu, CW AF Xue, YY Chen, F Cmaidalka, J Meng, RL Chu, CW TI Separation between antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic transitions in Ru1-xCuxSr2EuCu2O8+delta SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID RUSR2GDCU2O8; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; NMR AB The macroscopic magnetizations of Ru1-xCuxSr2EuCu2O8+delta with x between 0 and 0.15 were investigated. A ferromagnetlike transition as well as an antiferromagnetlike transition appear around T-M in the low-field magnetization and around T-AM in the high-field differential susceptibility, respectively. The separation between them, which is accompanied by a flat plateau in the magnetic C-p, increases with x. Superparamagnetic M(H) and slow spin dynamics, i.e., characteristics of nanomagnetic clusters, were observed far above T-M. A comparison with RuSr2(Eu1-yCey)Cu2O10+delta and some manganites further suggests that a phase separation occurs, which can describe well the conflicting magnetic-superconductivity data previously reported. C1 Univ Houston, Dept Phys, Houston, TX 77204 USA. Univ Houston, Texas Ctr Superconduct, Houston, TX 77204 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Hong Kong Univ Sci & Technol, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. RP Univ Houston, Dept Phys, 202 Houston Sci Ctr, Houston, TX 77204 USA. NR 19 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN 11 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 22 AR 224511 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.224511 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 698RB UT WOS:000184011600079 ER PT J AU Naulleau, PP Gallatin, GM AF Naulleau, PP Gallatin, GM TI Line-edge roughness transfer function and its application to determining mask-effects in EUV resist characterization SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID LITHOGRAPHY; EXPOSURE AB The control of line-edge roughness (LER) of features printed in,photoresist poses significant challenges to next-generation lithography techniques such as extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) lithography. Achieving adequately low LER levels will require accurate resist characterization as well as the ability to separate resist effects from other potential contributors to LER. One significant potential contributor is LER on the mask. Here we explicitly study the mask to resist LER coupling using both, analytical and computer-simulation methods. We present what is to our knowledge a new imaging transfer function referred to as the LER transfer function (LTF), which fundamentally differs from both the conventional modulation transfer function and the optical transfer function. Moreover, we present experimental results demonstrating the impact of current EUV masks on projection-lithography-based LER experiments. (C) 2003 Optical Society of America. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Ctr Xray Opt, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. IBM Corp, Div Res, TJ Watson Res Ctr, Semicond Res & Dev Ctr, Yorktown Hts, NY 10598 USA. RP Naulleau, PP (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Ctr Xray Opt, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Gallatin, Gregg/H-1998-2012 NR 14 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 2 U2 8 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD JUN 10 PY 2003 VL 42 IS 17 BP 3390 EP 3397 DI 10.1364/AO.42.003390 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA 688RK UT WOS:000183449600006 PM 12816326 ER PT J AU Sowards-Emmerd, D Romani, RW Michelson, PF AF Sowards-Emmerd, D Romani, RW Michelson, PF TI The gamma-ray blazar content of the northern sky SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE BL Lacertae objects : general; galaxies : active; gamma rays : observations; surveys ID HOBBY-EBERLY TELESCOPE; SOURCE 3EG; EGRET SOURCES; RADIO; CATALOG; PULSAR; IDENTIFICATIONS; J1835+5918; DISCOVERY; NUCLEI AB Using survey data, we have re-evaluated the correlation of flat-spectrum radio sources with EGRET sources in the northern sky. An analysis incorporating the radio and X-ray properties and the gamma-ray source localization is used to gauge the reliability of associations and to search for counterparts of previously unidentified EGRET sources. Above \b\ = 10degrees, where the classification is complete, we find that 70% of the northern EGRET sources have counterparts similar to the bright EGRET blazars. For several of these we identify known blazar counterparts more likely than the earlier proposed 3EG association; for similar to20 we have new identifications. Spectroscopic confirmation of these candidates is in progress, and we have found flat-spectrum radio quasars and BL Lacertae counterparts with redshifts as high as 4. We also find strong evidence for a set of 28 objects with no plausible counterpart like the known EGRET blazars. These thus represent either a new extragalactic population or a population of Galactic objects with a large scale height. The survey has been extended into the plane, where we find several new blazar candidates; the bulk of the sources are, however, Galactic. Looking ahead to the GLAST era, we predict that several of the present 3EG sources are composite and that higher resolution data will break these into multiple blazar identifications. C1 Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94039 USA. RP Sowards-Emmerd, D (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM dse@darkmatter.stanford.edu; rwr@astro.stanford.edu; peterm@stanford.edu NR 33 TC 88 Z9 89 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 10 PY 2003 VL 590 IS 1 BP 109 EP 122 PN 1 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 685TE UT WOS:000183278700012 ER PT J AU Lepson, JK Beiersdorfer, P Behar, E Kahn, SM AF Lepson, JK Beiersdorfer, P Behar, E Kahn, SM TI Emission-line spectra of ArIX-AR XVI in the soft X-ray region 20-50 angstrom SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE line : identification; methods : analytical; methods : laboratory; stars : coronae; X-rays : general ID EXTREME-ULTRAVIOLET REGION; FE-XVII; LABORATORY MEASUREMENTS; XMM-NEWTON; SPECTROSCOPY; SPECTROMETER; INTENSITY; VII AB As part of a larger project to complete a comprehensive catalog of astrophysically relevant emission lines in support of new-generation X-ray observatories using the Lawrence Livermore electron beam ion traps EBIT-I and EBIT-II, we present observations of argon lines in the extreme-ultraviolet region. Our database includes wavelength measurements with standard errors, relative intensities, and line assignments for Ar ix Ar xvi between 20 and 50 Angstrom. The experimental data are complemented with a full set of calculations using the Hebrew University Lawrence Livermore Atomic Code (HULLAC). Despite differences in calculated and measured wavelengths, we find the calculated lines to be of great utility in analyzing our laboratory spectra. The calculated line intensities are generally sufficient to identify the strongest transitions in each charge state. We note, however, an underestimation by theory of the strength of the 3s --> 2p lines relative to the 3d --> 2p lines in Ar ix, Ar x, and Ar xi. The laboratory data are compared with Chandra observations of Procyon, resulting in the identification of an Ar ix line that was previously thought to be from S ix. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Phys Adv Technol, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Phys, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA. RP Lepson, JK (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 25 TC 67 Z9 68 U1 2 U2 5 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 10 PY 2003 VL 590 IS 1 BP 604 EP 617 DI 10.1086/374980 PN 1 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 685TE UT WOS:000183278700056 ER PT J AU Yang, L Ding, L Huang, HW AF Yang, L Ding, L Huang, HW TI New phases of phospholipids and implications to the membrane fusion problem SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID DIOLEOYLPHOSPHATIDYLETHANOLAMINE MEMBRANES; STALK MECHANISM; TRANSITIONS; MODEL; SIMULATION; ENERGETICS; DYNAMICS; SYSTEMS; PORES AB Membrane fusion is a ubiquitous process in eukaryotic cells. When two membranes fuse, lipid must undergo molecular rearrangements at the point of merging. To understand how lipid structure transitions occur, scientists studied the phase transition of lipid between the lamellar (L-alpha) phase and the inverted hexagonal (H-II) phase, based on the idea that lipid must undergo a similar rearrangement as in fusion. However, previous investigations on the system of dioleoylphosphatidylcholine (DOPC) and dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE) did not reveal intermediate phases between the L-alpha and H-II phases. Recently, we found a rhombohedral phase of diphytanoylphosphatidylcholine between its L-alpha and H-II phases using substrate-supported samples. Here we report the observation of two new phases in the DOPC-DOPE system: a rhombohedral phase and a distorted hexagonal phase. The rhombohedral phase confirms the stalk hypothesis for the L-alpha-H-II transition, but the phase of stable stalks exists only for a certain range of spontaneous curvature. The distorted hexagonal phase exists only in a lipid mixture. It implies that lipids may demix to adjust its local spontaneous curvature in order to achieve energy minimum under stress. C1 Rice Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Houston, TX 77251 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Huang, HW (reprint author), Rice Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Houston, TX 77251 USA. RI Yang, Lin/D-5872-2013 OI Yang, Lin/0000-0003-1057-9194 FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR14812]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM55203] NR 29 TC 71 Z9 72 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD JUN 10 PY 2003 VL 42 IS 22 BP 6631 EP 6635 DI 10.1021/bi0344836 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 685YW UT WOS:000183293100001 PM 12779317 ER PT J AU Duffy, PB AF Duffy, PB TI Evaluation, intercomparison and application of global climate models - Introduction SO GLOBAL AND PLANETARY CHANGE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Climate & Carbon Cycle Modeling Grp, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Duffy, PB (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Climate & Carbon Cycle Modeling Grp, POB 808,7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-8181 J9 GLOBAL PLANET CHANGE JI Glob. Planet. Change PD JUN 10 PY 2003 VL 37 IS 1-2 BP VII EP VIII DI 10.1016/S0921-8181(02)00187-X PG 2 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA 683XB UT WOS:000183175400001 ER EF