FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Adams, J Adler, C Aggarwal, MM Ahammed, Z Amonett, J Anderson, BD Anderson, M Arkhipkin, D Averichev, GS Badyal, SK Balewski, J Barannikova, O Barnby, LS Baudot, J Bekele, S Belaga, VV Bellwied, R Berger, J Bezverkhny, BI Bhardwaj, S Bhaskar, P Bhati, AK Bichsel, H Billmeier, A Bland, LC Blyth, CO Bonner, BE Botje, M Boucham, A Brandin, A Bravar, A Cadman, RV Cai, XZ Caines, H Sanchez, MCD Cardenas, A Carroll, J Castillo, J Castro, M Cebra, D Chaloupka, P Chattopadhyay, S Chen, HF Chen, Y Chernenko, SP Cherney, M Chikanian, A Choi, B Christie, W Coffin, JP Cormier, TM Cramer, JG Crawford, HJ Das, D Das, S Derevschikov, AA Didenko, L Dietel, T Dong, X Draper, JE Du, F Dubey, AK Dunin, VB Dunlop, JC Majumdar, MRD Eckardt, V Efimov, LG Emelianov, V Elage, JE Eppley, G Erazmus, B Fachini, P Faine, V Faivre, J Fatemi, R Filimonov, K Filip, P Finch, E Fisyak, Y Flierl, D Foley, KJ Fu, J Gagliardi, CA Ganti, MS Gutierrez, TD Gagunashvili, N Gans, J Gaudichet, L Germain, M Geurts, E Ghazikhanian, V Ghosh, R Gonzalez, JE Grachov, O Grigoriev, V Gronstal, S Grosnick, D Guedon, M Guertin, SM Gupta, A Gushin, E Hallman, TJ Hardtke, D Harris, JW Heinz, M Henry, TW Heppelmann, S Herston, T Hippolyte, B Hirsch, A Hjort, E Hoffmann, GW Horsley, M Huang, HZ Huang, SL Humanic, TJ Igo, G Ishihara, A Jacobs, P Jacobs, WW Janik, M Johnson, I Jones, PG Judd, EG Kabana, S Kaneta, M Kaplan, M Keane, D Kiryluk, J Kisiel, A Klay, J Klein, SR Klyachko, A Koetke, DD Kolleger, T Konstantmov, AS Kopytine, M Kotchenda, L Kovalenko, AD Kramer, M Kravtsov, P Krueger, K Kuhn, C Kulikov, AI Kumar, A Kunde, GJ Kunz, CL Kutuev, RK Kuznetsov, AA Lamont, MAC Landgraf, JM Lange, S Lansdell, CP Lasiuk, B Laue, F Lauret, J Lebedev, A Lednicky, R Leontiev, VM LeVine, MJ Li, C Li, Q Lindenbatim, SJ Lisa, MA Liu, E Liu, L Liu, Z Liu, QJ Ljubicic, T Llope, WJ Long, H Longacre, RS Lopez-Noriega, M Love, WA Ludlam, T Lynn, D Ma, J Ma, YG Maestro, D Mahajan, S Mangotra, LK Mahapatra, DP Majka, R Manweiler, R Margetis, S Markert, C Martin, L Marx, J Matis, HS Matulenko, YA McShane, TS Meissner, F Melnick, Y Meschanin, A Messer, M Miller, ML Milosevich, Z Minaev, NG Mironov, C Mishra, D Mitchell, J Mohanty, B Molnar, L Moore, CF Mora-Corral, MJ Morozov, V de Moura, MM Munhoz, MG Nandi, BK Nayak, SK Nayak, TK Nelson, JM Nevski, P Nikitin, VA Nogach, LV Norman, B Nurushev, SB Odyniec, G Ogawa, A Okorokov, V Oldenburg, M Olson, D Paic, G Pandey, SU Pal, SK Panebratsev, Y Panitkin, SY Pavlinov, AI Pawlak, T Perevoztchikov, V Peryt, W Petrov, VA Phatak, SC Picha, R Planinic, M Pluta, J Porile, N Porter, J Poskanzer, AM Potekhin, M Potrebenikova, E Potukuchi, BVKS Prindle, D Pruneau, C Putschke, J Rai, G Rakness, G Raniwala, R Raniwala, S Ravel, O Razin, SV Reichhold, D Reid, JG Renault, G Retiere, F Ridiger, A Ritter, HG Roberts, JB Rogachevski, OV Romero, JL Rose, A Roy, C Ruan, LJ Rykov, V Sahoo, R Sakrejda, I Salur, S Sandweiss, J Savin, I Schambach, J Scharenberg, RP Schmitz, N Schroeder, LS Schweda, K Seger, J Seliverstov, D Seyboth, P Shahaliev, E Shao, M Sharma, M Shestermanov, KE Shimanskii, SS Singaraju, RN Simon, F Skoro, G Smirnov, N Snellings, R Sood, G Sorensen, P Sowinski, J Spinka, HM Srivastava, B Stanislaus, S Stock, R Stolpovsky, A Strikhanov, M Stringfellow, B Struck, C Suaide, AAP Sugarbaker, E Suite, C Sumbera, M Surrow, B Symons, TJM de Toledo, AS Szarwas, P Tai, A Takahashi, J Tang, AH Thein, D Thomas, JH Tikhomirov, V Tokarev, M Tonjes, MB Trentalange, S Tribble, RE Trivedi, MD Trofimov, V Tsai, O Ullrich, T Underwood, DG Van Buren, G VanderMolen, AM Vasiliev, AN Vasiliev, M Vigdor, SE Viyogi, YP Voloshin, SA Waggoner, W Wang, F Wang, G Wang, XL Wang, ZM Ward, H Watson, JW Wells, R Westfall, GD Whitten, C Wieman, H Willson, R Wissink, SW Witt, R Wood, J Wu, J Xu, N Xu, Z Xu, ZZ Yakutin, AE Yamamoto, E Yang, J Yepes, P Yurevich, VI Zanevski, YV Zborovsky, I Zhang, H Zhang, HY Zhang, WM Zhang, ZP Zolnierczuk, PA Zoulkarneev, R Zoulkarneeva, J Zubarev, AN AF Adams, J Adler, C Aggarwal, MM Ahammed, Z Amonett, J Anderson, BD Anderson, M Arkhipkin, D Averichev, GS Badyal, SK Balewski, J Barannikova, O Barnby, LS Baudot, J Bekele, S Belaga, VV Bellwied, R Berger, J Bezverkhny, BI Bhardwaj, S Bhaskar, P Bhati, AK Bichsel, H Billmeier, A Bland, LC Blyth, CO Bonner, BE Botje, M Boucham, A Brandin, A Bravar, A Cadman, RV Cai, XZ Caines, H Sanchez, MCD Cardenas, A Carroll, J Castillo, J Castro, M Cebra, D Chaloupka, P Chattopadhyay, S Chen, HF Chen, Y Chernenko, SP Cherney, M Chikanian, A Choi, B Christie, W Coffin, JP Cormier, TM Cramer, JG Crawford, HJ Das, D Das, S Derevschikov, AA Didenko, L Dietel, T Dong, X Draper, JE Du, F Dubey, AK Dunin, VB Dunlop, JC Majumdar, MRD Eckardt, V Efimov, LG Emelianov, V Elage, JE Eppley, G Erazmus, B Fachini, P Faine, V Faivre, J Fatemi, R Filimonov, K Filip, P Finch, E Fisyak, Y Flierl, D Foley, KJ Fu, J Gagliardi, CA Ganti, MS Gutierrez, TD Gagunashvili, N Gans, J Gaudichet, L Germain, M Geurts, E Ghazikhanian, V Ghosh, R Gonzalez, JE Grachov, O Grigoriev, V Gronstal, S Grosnick, D Guedon, M Guertin, SM Gupta, A Gushin, E Hallman, TJ Hardtke, D Harris, JW Heinz, M Henry, TW Heppelmann, S Herston, T Hippolyte, B Hirsch, A Hjort, E Hoffmann, GW Horsley, M Huang, HZ Huang, SL Humanic, TJ Igo, G Ishihara, A Jacobs, P Jacobs, WW Janik, M Johnson, I Jones, PG Judd, EG Kabana, S Kaneta, M Kaplan, M Keane, D Kiryluk, J Kisiel, A Klay, J Klein, SR Klyachko, A Koetke, DD Kolleger, T Konstantmov, AS Kopytine, M Kotchenda, L Kovalenko, AD Kramer, M Kravtsov, P Krueger, K Kuhn, C Kulikov, AI Kumar, A Kunde, GJ Kunz, CL Kutuev, RK Kuznetsov, AA Lamont, MAC Landgraf, JM Lange, S Lansdell, CP Lasiuk, B Laue, F Lauret, J Lebedev, A Lednicky, R Leontiev, VM LeVine, MJ Li, C Li, Q Lindenbatim, SJ Lisa, MA Liu, E Liu, L Liu, Z Liu, QJ Ljubicic, T Llope, WJ Long, H Longacre, RS Lopez-Noriega, M Love, WA Ludlam, T Lynn, D Ma, J Ma, YG Maestro, D Mahajan, S Mangotra, LK Mahapatra, DP Majka, R Manweiler, R Margetis, S Markert, C Martin, L Marx, J Matis, HS Matulenko, YA McShane, TS Meissner, F Melnick, Y Meschanin, A Messer, M Miller, ML Milosevich, Z Minaev, NG Mironov, C Mishra, D Mitchell, J Mohanty, B Molnar, L Moore, CF Mora-Corral, MJ Morozov, V de Moura, MM Munhoz, MG Nandi, BK Nayak, SK Nayak, TK Nelson, JM Nevski, P Nikitin, VA Nogach, LV Norman, B Nurushev, SB Odyniec, G Ogawa, A Okorokov, V Oldenburg, M Olson, D Paic, G Pandey, SU Pal, SK Panebratsev, Y Panitkin, SY Pavlinov, AI Pawlak, T Perevoztchikov, V Peryt, W Petrov, VA Phatak, SC Picha, R Planinic, M Pluta, J Porile, N Porter, J Poskanzer, AM Potekhin, M Potrebenikova, E Potukuchi, BVKS Prindle, D Pruneau, C Putschke, J Rai, G Rakness, G Raniwala, R Raniwala, S Ravel, O Razin, SV Reichhold, D Reid, JG Renault, G Retiere, F Ridiger, A Ritter, HG Roberts, JB Rogachevski, OV Romero, JL Rose, A Roy, C Ruan, LJ Rykov, V Sahoo, R Sakrejda, I Salur, S Sandweiss, J Savin, I Schambach, J Scharenberg, RP Schmitz, N Schroeder, LS Schweda, K Seger, J Seliverstov, D Seyboth, P Shahaliev, E Shao, M Sharma, M Shestermanov, KE Shimanskii, SS Singaraju, RN Simon, F Skoro, G Smirnov, N Snellings, R Sood, G Sorensen, P Sowinski, J Spinka, HM Srivastava, B Stanislaus, S Stock, R Stolpovsky, A Strikhanov, M Stringfellow, B Struck, C Suaide, AAP Sugarbaker, E Suite, C Sumbera, M Surrow, B Symons, TJM de Toledo, AS Szarwas, P Tai, A Takahashi, J Tang, AH Thein, D Thomas, JH Tikhomirov, V Tokarev, M Tonjes, MB Trentalange, S Tribble, RE Trivedi, MD Trofimov, V Tsai, O Ullrich, T Underwood, DG Van Buren, G VanderMolen, AM Vasiliev, AN Vasiliev, M Vigdor, SE Viyogi, YP Voloshin, SA Waggoner, W Wang, F Wang, G Wang, XL Wang, ZM Ward, H Watson, JW Wells, R Westfall, GD Whitten, C Wieman, H Willson, R Wissink, SW Witt, R Wood, J Wu, J Xu, N Xu, Z Xu, ZZ Yakutin, AE Yamamoto, E Yang, J Yepes, P Yurevich, VI Zanevski, YV Zborovsky, I Zhang, H Zhang, HY Zhang, WM Zhang, ZP Zolnierczuk, PA Zoulkarneev, R Zoulkarneeva, J Zubarev, AN CA STAR Collaboration TI Net charge fluctuations in Au+Au collisions at root s(NN)=130 GeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID CM ENERGIES; DISTRIBUTIONS AB We present the results of charged particle fluctuations measurements in Au+Au collisions at rootS(NN)=130 GeV using the STAR detector. Dynamical fluctuations measurements are presented for inclusive charged particle multiplicities as well as for identified charged pions, kaons, and protons. The net charge dynamical fluctuations are found to be large and negative providing clear evidence that positive and negative charged p article production is correlated within the pseudorapidity range investigated. Correlations are smaller than expected based on model-dependent predictions for a resonance gas or a quark-gluon gas which undergoes fast hadronization and freeze-out. Qualitative agreement is found with comparable scaled p+p measurements and a heavy ion jet interaction generation model calculation based on independent particle collisions, although a small deviation from the 1/N scaling dependence expected from this model is observed. C1 Univ Birmingham, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Creighton Univ, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Nucl Phys, CZ-25068 Rez, Czech Republic. Joint Inst Nucl Res, Lab High Energy, Dubna, Russia. Joint Inst Nucl Res, Particle Phys Lab, Dubna, Russia. Goethe Univ Frankfurt, D-6000 Frankfurt, Germany. Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA. Inst Phys, Bhubaneswar 751005, Orissa, India. Inst Rech Subatom, Strasbourg, France. Univ Jammu, Jammu 180001, India. Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Moscow Engn Phys Inst, Moscow 115409, Russia. CUNY City Coll, New York, NY 10031 USA. NIKHEF H, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Univ Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, Rajasthan, India. Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA. Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Univ Sci & Technol China, Anhui 230027, Peoples R China. Acad Sinica, Shanghai Inst Nucl Res, Shanghai 201800, Peoples R China. SUBATECH, Nantes, France. Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Valparaiso Univ, Valparaiso, IN 46383 USA. Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Ctr Variable Energy Cyclotron, Kolkata 700064, W Bengal, India. Warsaw Univ Technol, Warsaw, Poland. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. CCNU, HZNU, Inst Particle Phys, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Univ Zagreb, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia. RP Univ Birmingham, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. RI Strikhanov, Mikhail/P-7393-2014; Kisiel, Adam/O-8754-2015; Tikhomirov, Vladimir/M-6194-2015; Chaloupka, Petr/E-5965-2012; Suaide, Alexandre/L-6239-2016; Ma, Yu-Gang/M-8122-2013; Skoro, Goran/F-3642-2010; Sumbera, Michal/O-7497-2014; Barnby, Lee/G-2135-2010; Skoro, Goran/P-1229-2014; Takahashi, Jun/B-2946-2012; Chen, Yu/E-3788-2012; Planinic, Mirko/E-8085-2012; Witt, Richard/H-3560-2012; Castillo Castellanos, Javier/G-8915-2013; Voloshin, Sergei/I-4122-2013; Johnson, Ian/I-2439-2013; Lednicky, Richard/K-4164-2013; Zborovsky, Imrich/G-7964-2014 OI Strikhanov, Mikhail/0000-0003-2586-0405; Kisiel, Adam/0000-0001-8322-9510; Tikhomirov, Vladimir/0000-0002-9634-0581; Suaide, Alexandre/0000-0003-2847-6556; Ma, Yu-Gang/0000-0002-0233-9900; Sumbera, Michal/0000-0002-0639-7323; Barnby, Lee/0000-0001-7357-9904; Skoro, Goran/0000-0001-7745-9045; Takahashi, Jun/0000-0002-4091-1779; Castillo Castellanos, Javier/0000-0002-5187-2779; NR 25 TC 92 Z9 95 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD OCT PY 2003 VL 68 IS 4 AR 044905 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.68.044905 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 757RM UT WOS:000187575300049 ER PT J AU Ahmad, I Chasman, RR Greene, JP Kondev, EG Moore, EF Browne, E Porter, CE Felker, LK AF Ahmad, I Chasman, RR Greene, JP Kondev, EG Moore, EF Browne, E Porter, CE Felker, LK TI Energy levels of Cm-247 populated in the alpha decay of Cf-251(98) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-CAPTURE DECAY; SINGLE-PARTICLE STATES; ODD-A NUCLEI; ELEMENTS; CF-249; REGION AB alpha-Particle, conversion-electron, and gamma-ray singles spectra of Cf-251 sources containing few Bq activities were measured with high-resolution semiconductor detectors. alpha-gamma coincidence and level half-life measurements were also performed. On the basis of these measurements the following single-particle states have been identified in Cm-247: 9/2(-)[734], 0 keV; 5/2(+)[622], 227.4 keV; 7/2(+)[624], 285.4 keV; 1/2(+)[620], 404.9 keV; 1/2(+)[631], 518.6 keV. The measured single-particle energies are in good agreement with energies calculated with a Woods-Saxon single-particle potential. From the measured half-life of the 227.4-keV level and the E3 branching ratio, a B(E3) value of 5 W.u. has been deduced between the 5/2(+)[622] and 9/2(-)[734] bands. The large B(E3) value is an indication of octupole mixing in the 227.4-keV level. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Nucl Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Ahmad, I (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 23 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD OCT PY 2003 VL 68 IS 4 AR 044306 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.68.044306 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 757RM UT WOS:000187575300016 ER PT J AU Benesh, CJ Goldman, T Stephenson, GJ AF Benesh, CJ Goldman, T Stephenson, GJ TI Valence quark distribution in A=3 nuclei SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID INELASTIC LEPTON SCATTERING; BAG MODEL; MOMENTUM DISTRIBUTION; SUBSTRUCTURE; CONFINEMENT; DEPENDENCE; TARGETS; DENSITY; SYSTEM; ENERGY AB We calculate the quark distribution function for He-3/H-3 in a relativistic quark model of nuclear structure which adequately reproduces the nucleon approximation, nuclear binding energies, and nuclear sizes for small nuclei. The results show a clear distortion from the quark distribution function for individual nucleons (EMC effect) arising dominantly from a combination of recoil and quark tunneling effects. Antisymmetrization (Pauli) effects are found to be small due to limited spatial overlaps. We compare our predictions with a published parametrization of the nuclear valence quark distributions and find significant agreement. C1 Wesleyan Coll, Dept Chem & Phys, Macon, GA 31204 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Wesleyan Coll, Dept Chem & Phys, Macon, GA 31204 USA. NR 49 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD OCT PY 2003 VL 68 IS 4 AR 045208 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.68.045208 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 757RM UT WOS:000187575300059 ER PT J AU Fries, RJ Muller, B Nonaka, C Bass, SA AF Fries, RJ Muller, B Nonaka, C Bass, SA TI Hadron production in heavy ion collisions: Fragmentation and recombination from a dense parton phase SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID QUARK-ANTIQUARK RECOMBINATION; LARGE TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM; RADIATIVE ENERGY-LOSS; TO-LEADING ORDER; PION FORM-FACTOR; QUANTUM CHROMODYNAMICS; ASYMPTOTIC-BEHAVIOR; EXCLUSIVE PROCESSES; AU+AU COLLISIONS; AU COLLISIONS AB We discuss hadron production in heavy ion collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). We argue that hadrons at transverse momenta P-T<5 GeV are formed by recombination of partons from the dense parton phase created in central collisions at RHIC. We provide a theoretical description of the recombination process for P-T>2 GeV. Below P-T=2 GeV our results smoothly match a purely statistical description. At high transverse momentum hadron production is well described in the language of perturbative QCD by the fragmentation of partons. We give numerical results for a variety of hadron spectra, ratios, and nuclear suppression factors. We also discuss the anisotropic flow v(2) and give results based on a flow in the parton phase. Our results are consistent with the existence of a parton phase at RHIC hadronizing at a temperature of 175 MeV and a radial flow velocity of 0.55c. C1 Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN, BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Fries, RJ (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. NR 95 TC 450 Z9 452 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 EI 1089-490X J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD OCT PY 2003 VL 68 IS 4 AR 044902 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.68.044902 PG 23 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 757RM UT WOS:000187575300046 ER PT J AU Majumder, A Koch, V AF Majumder, A Koch, V TI Chemical equilibration volume: Measuring the degree of thermalization SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; PLUS PB COLLISIONS; CANONICAL DESCRIPTION; STATISTICAL-MODEL; HADRON-PRODUCTION; PARTICLE RATIOS; FLUCTUATIONS; MATTER AB We address the issue of the degree of equilibrium achieved in a high energy heavy-ion collision. Specifically, we explore the consequences of incomplete strangeness chemical equilibrium. This is achieved over a volume V of the order of the strangeness correlation length and is assumed to be smaller than the freeze-out volume V-f. Probability distributions of strange hadrons emanating from the system are computed for varying sizes of V and simple experimental observables based on these are proposed. Measurements of such observables may be used to estimate V and as a result, the degree of strangeness chemical equilibration achieved. This sets a lower bound on the degree of kinetic equilibrium. We also point out that a determination of two-body correlations or second moments of the distributions are not sufficient for this estimation. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Majumder, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 33 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD OCT PY 2003 VL 68 IS 4 AR 044903 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.68.044903 PG 13 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 757RM UT WOS:000187575300047 ER PT J AU Paech, K Stocker, H Dumitru, A AF Paech, K Stocker, H Dumitru, A TI Hydrodynamics near a chiral critical point SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Review ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; QUARK-GLUON-PLASMA; RELATIVISTIC NUCLEAR COLLISIONS; PHASE-TRANSITION; ELLIPTIC FLOW; QUANTUM CHROMODYNAMICS; PARTICLE-PRODUCTION; FLUID-DYNAMICS; DIRECTED FLOW; PION FIELDS AB We introduce a model for the real-time evolution of a relativistic fluid of quarks coupled to nonequilibrium dynamics of the long-wavelength (classical) modes of the chiral condensate. We solve the equations of motion numerically in 3+1 space-time dimensions. Starting the evolution at high temperature in the symmetric phase, we study dynamical trajectories that either cross the line of first-order phase transitions or evolve through its critical end point. For those cases, we predict the behavior of the azimuthal momentum asymmetry for high-energy heavy-ion collisions at nonzero impact parameter. C1 Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Inst Theoret Phys, D-60054 Frankfurt, Germany. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Paech, K (reprint author), Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Inst Theoret Phys, Postfach 111932, D-60054 Frankfurt, Germany. RI Stoecker, Horst/D-6173-2013 OI Stoecker, Horst/0000-0002-3282-3664 NR 109 TC 68 Z9 70 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 EI 1089-490X J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD OCT PY 2003 VL 68 IS 4 AR 044907 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.68.044907 PG 13 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 757RM UT WOS:000187575300051 ER PT J AU Park, HI Hartley, DJ Riedinger, LL Reviol, W Zeidan, O Zhang, JY Galindo-Uribarri, A Janssens, RVF Carpenter, MP Seweryniak, D Sarantites, DG Devlin, M Dong, BG Ragnarsson, I AF Park, HI Hartley, DJ Riedinger, LL Reviol, W Zeidan, O Zhang, JY Galindo-Uribarri, A Janssens, RVF Carpenter, MP Seweryniak, D Sarantites, DG Devlin, M Dong, BG Ragnarsson, I TI Rotational structures near 40h in La-123 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID SHAPE CHANGES; MASS REGION; HIGH-SPIN; CROSSING FREQUENCIES; TERMINATING BANDS; OBLATE BAND; SPECTROSCOPY; ALIGNMENT; NUCLEI; COLLECTIVITY AB The neutron-deficient nucleus La-123 was studied via the Mo-92(Ca-40,2ap) reaction at a beam energy of 184 MeV. Previously known bands were extended to a much higher spin, and in two cases the structures are now observed near 40 (h) over bar. In addition, three new sequences were identified and linked into previously known bands. The lowest (pi,alpha)=(+,-1/2) structure displays characteristics similar to those of analogous bands in La-127,La-129, which have been proposed as examples of smooth band termination. Cranked Nilsson-Strutinsky calculations were compared with the experimental data in La-123 to determine whether this band is approaching a terminating state as well. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Washington Univ, Dept Chem, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. Lund Inst Technol, Dept Math Phys, S-22100 Lund, Sweden. RP Park, HI (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RI Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015; Devlin, Matthew/B-5089-2013 OI Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734; Devlin, Matthew/0000-0002-6948-2154 NR 40 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 EI 1089-490X J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD OCT PY 2003 VL 68 IS 4 AR 044323 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.68.044323 PG 13 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 757RM UT WOS:000187575300033 ER PT J AU Regan, PH Yamamoto, AD Xu, FR Wu, CY Macchiavelli, AO Cline, D Smith, JF Freeman, SJ Valiente-Dobon, JJ Andgren, K Chakrawarthy, RS Cromaz, M Fallon, P Gelletly, W Gorgen, A Hayes, A Hua, H Langdown, SD Lee, IY Pearson, CJ Podolyak, Z Teng, R Wheldon, C AF Regan, PH Yamamoto, AD Xu, FR Wu, CY Macchiavelli, AO Cline, D Smith, JF Freeman, SJ Valiente-Dobon, JJ Andgren, K Chakrawarthy, RS Cromaz, M Fallon, P Gelletly, W Gorgen, A Hayes, A Hua, H Langdown, SD Lee, IY Pearson, CJ Podolyak, Z Teng, R Wheldon, C TI Binary-reaction spectroscopy of Mo-99,Mo-100: Intruder alignment systematics in N=57 and N=58 isotones SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID RARE-EARTH NUCLEI; NEUTRON ALIGNMENTS; SPIN STATES; GAMMASPHERE; ISOTOPES; PD-108; REGION; CD-105; PROTON; SHAPE AB The near-yrast states of Mo-99,Mo-100 have been studied following their population via a binary reaction between a Xe-136 beam and a thin, self-supporting Mo-100 target. The yrast sequence in Mo-100 has been extended to a tentative spin/parity (20(+)), while the decoupled band built on the I-pi=11(-)/2 isomeric state in Mo-99 has been extended through the first alignment up to a tentative spin/parity of (43(-)/2). The results are compared with self-consistent, cranked-mean-field calculations using a Woods-Saxon potential. The alignment systematics of the intruder h(11/2) bands in the N=57 isotones from Mo (Z=42) to Cd (Z=48) and the yrast sequences in their N=58 even-even neighbors are discussed. An overall picture emerges, where the alignment properties evolve from being due to positive-parity neutrons in the Cd-105(48) to predominantly (g(9/2))(2) proton crossings closer to the Z=40 subshell. Qualitatively, this can be explained by an increase in the quadrupole deformation and a simultaneous lowering of the proton Fermi surface in the g(9/2) shell with decreasing proton number. These data provide excellent examples of rotational-alignment phenomena in weakly deformed nuclei. C1 Univ Surrey, Dept Phys, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, England. Yale Univ, Wright Nucl Struct Lab, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Peking Univ, Dept Tech Phys, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. Univ Rochester, Dept Phys, Nucl Struct Res Lab, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Royal Inst Technol, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. Univ Manchester, Dept Phys & Astron, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. GSI Darmstadt, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany. RP Regan, PH (reprint author), Univ Surrey, Dept Phys, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, England. RI Freeman, Sean/B-1280-2010; Wheldon, Carl/F-9203-2013; Xu, Furong/K-4178-2013 OI Freeman, Sean/0000-0001-9773-4921; NR 27 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD OCT PY 2003 VL 68 IS 4 AR 044313 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.68.044313 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 757RM UT WOS:000187575300023 ER PT J AU Sawicka, M Grzywacz, R Matea, I Grawe, H Pfutzner, M Daugas, JM Lewitowicz, M Balabanski, DL Becker, F Belier, G Bingham, C Borcea, C Bouchez, E Buta, A La Commara, M Dragulescu, E de France, G Georgiev, G Giovinazzo, J Gorska, M Hammache, F Hass, M Hellstrom, M Ibrahim, F Janas, Z Mach, H Mayet, P Meot, V Negoita, F Neyens, G Santos, FD Page, RD Perru, O Podolyak, Z Roig, O Rykaczewski, KP Saint-Laurent, MG Sauvestre, JE Sorlin, O Stanoiu, M Stefan, I Stodel, C Theisen, C Verney, D Zylicz, J AF Sawicka, M Grzywacz, R Matea, I Grawe, H Pfutzner, M Daugas, JM Lewitowicz, M Balabanski, DL Becker, F Belier, G Bingham, C Borcea, C Bouchez, E Buta, A La Commara, M Dragulescu, E de France, G Georgiev, G Giovinazzo, J Gorska, M Hammache, F Hass, M Hellstrom, M Ibrahim, F Janas, Z Mach, H Mayet, P Meot, V Negoita, F Neyens, G Santos, FD Page, RD Perru, O Podolyak, Z Roig, O Rykaczewski, KP Saint-Laurent, MG Sauvestre, JE Sorlin, O Stanoiu, M Stefan, I Stodel, C Theisen, C Verney, D Zylicz, J TI Low energy levels in Ni-72 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR SHELL-MODEL; NEUTRON-RICH NUCLEI; NI ISOTOPES; BETA-DECAY; SN-100; IDENTIFICATION; MAGICITY; STATES; ISOMER AB The yrast J(pi)=8(+) states in neutron-rich Ni-70,Ni-72,Ni-74,Ni-76 nuclei are predicted to be isomeric. The present paper describes two GANIL experiments. In the first of them a search was made for the 8(+) isomeric states in Ni-72,Ni-74 nuclei via fragmentation of Ge-76 using the ion gamma-decay correlation technique. Although these states were not observed, limits for their lifetimes were determined. In the second experiment the decay spectroscopy of Co-70,Co-72 nuclei was performed using fragmentation of a Kr-86(36+) beam and the new LISE2000 spectrometer. The beta delayed gamma rays from the decay of Co-70,Co-72 to Ni-70,Ni-72 were observed using the EXOGAM germanium detectors. The half life of Co-72 was measured to be 62(3) ms and the level sequence of the lowest excited states in Ni-72 was suggested, with the 2(+) state at 1096 keV. An attempt to reproduce the level scheme in terms of shell-model calculations was undertaken. The reasons for the disappearance of the 8(+) isomer in Ni-72 are discussed. C1 Univ Warsaw, Inst Expt Phys, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. GANIL, F-14076 Caen 5, France. Gesell Schwerionenforsch mbH, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany. CEA Bruyeres le Chatel, DIF, DPTA, SPN, F-91680 Bruyeres Le Chatel, France. Sofia Univ St Kliment Ohridski, BG-1164 Sofia, Bulgaria. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. IFIN, Bucharest 76900, Romania. CEA Saclay, DSM, DAPNIA, SPhN, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Univ Naples Federico II, Dept Phys, I-80126 Naples, Italy. CEN Bordeaux Gradignan, F-33175 Gradignan, France. Inst Phys Nucl, F-91406 Orsay, France. Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Particle Phys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. Uppsala Univ, Dept Radiat Sci, S-61182 Nykoping, Sweden. Katholieke Univ Leuven, IKS, B-3001 Louvain, Belgium. Univ Liverpool, Oliver Lodge Lab, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England. Univ Surrey, Dept Phys, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, England. RP Sawicka, M (reprint author), Univ Warsaw, Inst Expt Phys, Hoza 69, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. RI Georgiev, Georgi/C-5110-2008; sauvestre, jean-etienne/C-8819-2009; THEISEN, Christophe/A-9343-2015; Hammache, Fairouz/K-6132-2016 OI Georgiev, Georgi/0000-0003-1467-1764; THEISEN, Christophe/0000-0002-8509-1022; NR 38 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 EI 1089-490X J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD OCT PY 2003 VL 68 IS 4 AR 044304 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.68.044304 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 757RM UT WOS:000187575300014 ER PT J AU Wu, CY Cline, D Simon, MW Teng, R Vetter, K Carpenter, MP Janssens, RVF Wiedenhover, I AF Wu, CY Cline, D Simon, MW Teng, R Vetter, K Carpenter, MP Janssens, RVF Wiedenhover, I TI K-pi=4(-) isomers and their rotational bands in Er-168,Er-170 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID ER-170 AB The half-life of the known I,K-pi=4(-),4(-) state in Er-170 has been measured to be 42.8+/-1.7 ns. The rotational band built on this isomer was excited inelastically up to spin 18(-) by a U-238 beam at E-lab=1358 MeV. A similar band in Er-168 was extended to spin 15(-). The wave function of the isomeric state in Er-170 has been determined from the measured \g(K)-g(R)\ values, which were deduced from the intensity ratios of the DeltaI=1 to DeltaI=2 transitions within the band. The dominant component consists of a two-quasiproton configuration involving the Nilsson orbits 7/2(-)[523] and 1/2(+)[411]. In contrast, the two-quasineutron configuration involving the 7/2(+)[633] and 1/2(-)[521] Nilsson orbits constitutes the major component for the wave function of the K-pi=4(-) isomer in Er-168. C1 Univ Rochester, Nucl Struct Res Lab, Dept Phys, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Wu, CY (reprint author), Univ Rochester, Nucl Struct Res Lab, Dept Phys, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. RI Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015 OI Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734 NR 14 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD OCT PY 2003 VL 68 IS 4 AR 044305 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.68.044305 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 757RM UT WOS:000187575300015 ER PT J AU Zhao, YM Arima, A Ginocchio, JN Yoshinaga, N AF Zhao, YM Arima, A Ginocchio, JN Yoshinaga, N TI General pairing interactions and pair truncation approximations for fermions in a single-j shell SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID INCOMPRESSIBLE QUANTUM FLUID; BOSON MODEL; CUPRATE SUPERCONDUCTORS; STATES; LIMIT; WAVE AB We investigate Hamiltonians with attractive interactions between pairs of fermions coupled to angular momentum J. We show that pairs with spin J are reasonable building blocks for the low-lying states. For systems with only a J=J(max) pairing interaction, eigenvalues are found to be approximately integers for a large array of states, in particular, for those with total angular momenta Iless than or equal to2j. For 1=0 eigenstates of four fermions in a single-j shell we show that there is only one nonzero eigenvalue. We address these observations using the nucleon pair approximation of the shell model and relate our results with a number of currently interesting problems. C1 Saitama Univ, Dept Phys, Saitama 338, Japan. SE Univ, Dept Phys, Nanjing 210018, Peoples R China. House Councilors, Tokyo 1008962, Japan. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RIKEN, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Cyclotron Ctr, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. RP Zhao, YM (reprint author), Saitama Univ, Dept Phys, Saitama 338, Japan. RI Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012; Zhao, Yu-Min/B-2601-2012 NR 22 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD OCT PY 2003 VL 68 IS 4 AR 044320 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.68.044320 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 757RM UT WOS:000187575300030 ER PT J AU Acosta, D Affolder, T Ahn, MH Akimoto, T Albrow, MG Alcorn, B Alexander, C Allen, D Allspach, D Amaral, P Ambrose, D Amendolia, SR Amidei, D Amundson, J Anastassov, A Anderson, J Anikeev, K Annovi, A Antos, J Aoki, M Apollinari, G Arguin, JF Arisawa, T Artikov, A Asakawa, T Ashmanskas, W Attal, A Avanzini, C Azfar, F Azzi-Bacchetta, P Babik, M Bacchetta, N Bachacou, H Badgett, W Bailey, S Bakken, J Barbaro-Galtieri, A Bardi, A Bari, M Barker, G Barnes, VE Barnett, BA Baroiant, S Barone, M Barsotti, E Basti, A Bauer, G Beckner, D Bedeschi, F Behari, S Belforte, S Bell, WH Bellendir, G Bellettini, G Bellinger, J Benjamin, D Beretvas, A Berg, B Bhatti, A Binkley, M Bisello, D Bishai, M Blair, RE Blocker, C Bloom, K Blumenfeld, B Bocci, A Bodek, A Bogdan, M Bolla, G Bolshov, A Booth, PSL Bortoletto, D Boudreau, J Bourov, S Bowden, M Box, D Bromberg, C Brown, W Brozovic, M Brubaker, E Buckley-Geer, L Budagov, J Budd, HS Burkett, K Busetto, G Bussey, P Byon-Wagner, A Byrum, KL Cabrera, S Calafiura, P Campanelli, M Campbell, M Canal, P Canepa, A Carithers, W Carlsmith, D Carosi, R Carrell, K Carter, H Caskey, W Castro, A Cauz, D Cerri, A Cerri, C Cerrito, L Chandler, JT Chapman, J Chappa, S Chen, C Chen, YC Cheng, MT Chertok, M Chiarelli, G Chirikov-Zorin, I Chlachidze, G Chlebana, F Cho, I Cho, K Chokheli, D Chu, ML Chung, JY Chung, WH Chung, YS Ciobanu, CI Ciocci, MA Cisko, S Clark, AG Coca, M Coiley, K Colijn, AP Colombo, R Connolly, A Convery, M Conway, J Cooper, G Cordelli, M Cortiana, G Cranshaw, J Cudzewicz, R Culbertson, R Currat, C Cyr, D Dagenhart, D DalMonte, L DaRonco, S D'Auria, S Davila, R Dawson, J Dawson, T de Barbaro, P DeBaun, C De Cecco, S Dell'Agnello, S Dell'Orso, M DeMaat, R Demar, P Demers, S Demortier, L Deninno, M De Pedis, D Derwent, PF Derylo, G Devlin, T Dionisi, C Dittmann, JR Doksus, P Dominguez, A Donati, S Donno, F D'Onofrio, M Dorigo, T Downing, R Drake, G Drennan, C Drollinger, V Dunietz, I Dyer, A Ebina, K Eddy, N Ely, R Engels, E Erbacher, R Erdmann, M Errede, D Errede, S Eusebi, R Fang, HC Farrington, S Feild, RG Feindt, M Fernandez, JP Ferretti, C Field, RD Fiori, I Fischler, M Flanagan, G Flaugher, B Flores-Castillo, LR Foland, A Forrester, S Foster, GW Franklin, M Frisch, H Fromm, J Fujii, Y Furic, I Galeotti, S Galet, G Gallas, A Gallinaro, M Ganel, O Garcia, C Garcia-Sciveres, M Garfinkel, AF Garwacki, M Garzoglio, G Gay, C Gerberich, H Gerdes, DW Gerchtein, E Gerstenslager, J Giacchetti, L Giagu, S Giannetti, P Gibson, A Gillespie, G Gingu, C Ginsburg, C Giolo, K Giordani, M Glagolev, V Glenzinski, D Glossen, R Gold, M Goldschmidt, N Goldstein, D Goldstein, J Gomez, G Goncharov, M Gonzalez, H Gordon, S Gorelov, I Goshaw, AT Gotra, Y Goulianos, K Grado, J Gregori, M Gresele, A Griffin, T Grim, G Grimm, C Gromoll, S Grosso-Pilcher, C Gu, C Guarino, V Guenther, M da Costa, JG Haber, C Hahn, A Hahn, K Hahn, SR Halkiadakis, E Hall, C Handler, R Haney, M Hao, W Happacher, F Hara, K Hare, M Harr, RF Harrington, J Harris, RM Hartmann, F Hatakeyama, K Hauser, J Hawke, T Hays, C Heider, E Heinemann, B Heinrich, J Heiss, A Hennecke, M Herber, R Herndon, M Herren, M Hicks, D Hill, C Hirschbuehl, D Hocker, A Hoff, J Hoffman, KD Hoftiezer, J Holloway, A Holloway, L Holm, S Holmgren, D Hou, S Houlden, MA Howell, J Hrycyk, M Hubbard, P Hughes, RE Huffman, BT Humbert, J Huston, J Ikado, K Incandela, J Introzzi, G Iori, M Ishizawa, I Issever, C Ivanov, A Iwata, Y Iyutin, B James, E Jang, D Jarrell, J Jeans, D Jensen, H Jetton, R Johnson, M Jones, M Jones, T Jun, SY Junk, T Kallenbach, J Kamon, T Kang, J Unel, MK Karchin, PE Kartal, S Kasha, H Kasten, M Kato, Y Kemp, Y Kennedy, RD Kephart, K Kephart, R Khazins, D Khotilovich, V Kilminster, B Kim, BJ Kim, DH Kim, HS Kim, J Kim, MJ Kim, MS Kim, SB Kim, SH Kim, TH Kim, YK King, BT Kirby, M Kirk, M Kirsch, L Klein, R Klimenko, S Knapp, M Knoblauch, D Knuteson, B Kobayashi, H Koehn, P Kondo, K Kong, DJ Konigsberg, J Kononenko, W Kordas, K Korn, A Korytov, A Kotelnikov, K Kotwal, A Kovalev, A Kowalkowski, J Kraus, J Kravchenko, I Kreymer, A Kroll, J Kruse, M Krutelyov, V Kuhlmann, SE Kumar, A Kuznetsova, N Laasanen, AT Lai, S Lami, S Lammel, S Lamore, D Lancaster, J Lancaster, M Lander, R Lanfranco, G Lannon, K Lath, A Latino, G Lauhakangas, R Lazzizzera, I Le, Y LeCompte, T Lee, J Lee, J Lee, K Lee, SW Lei, CM Leininger, M Leonardi, GL Leonardo, N Leone, S Levshina, T Lewis, F Lewis, JD Li, K Lin, CS Lindgren, M Liss, TM Litvintsev, DO Liu, T Liu, Y Lobban, O Lockyer, NS Loginov, A Loken, J Loreti, M Loskot, J Loverre, PF Lucchesi, D Lukens, P Lutz, P Lyons, L Lys, J MacNerland, J MacQueen, D Madorsky, A Madrak, R Maeshima, K Maksimovic, P Malferrari, L Mammini, P Manca, G Mandrichenko, I Manea, C Marginean, R Marrafino, J Martin, A Martin, M Martin, V Martinez, M Maruyama, T Matsunaga, H Mayer, J Mayers, GM Mazzanti, P McFarland, KS McGivern, D McIntyre, PM McNamara, P McNulty, R Menzemer, S Menzione, A Merkel, P Mesropian, C Messina, A Meyer, A Miao, T Michael, N Miller, JS Miller, L Miller, R Miquel, R Miscetti, S Mitselmakher, G Miyamoto, A Miyazaki, Y Mizicko, D Moccia, S Moggi, A Moggi, N Montero, S Moore, R Moore, T Morris, L Morsani, F Moulik, T Mukherjee, A Mulhearn, M Muller, T Mumford, R Munar, A Murat, P Murgia, S Nachtman, J Nagaslaev, V Nahn, S Nakamura, I Nakano, I Napier, A Napora, R Necula, V Nelson, C Nelson, T Neu, C Neubauer, MS Neuberger, D Newby, W Newcomer, FM Newman-Holmes, C Niell, F Nielsen, J Nicollerat, AS Nigmanov, T Niu, H Nodulman, L Noe, W Oesterberg, K Ogawa, T Oh, S Oh, YD Ohl, K Ohsugi, T Oishi, R Okusawa, T Oldeman, R Orava, R Orejudos, W Orr, S Pagani, G Pagliarone, C Palmonari, F Ramos, I Panacek, S Pantano, D Paoletti, R Papadimitriou, V Pasetes, R Pashapour, S Passuello, D Paterno, M Patrick, J Pauletta, G Paulini, M Pauly, T Paus, C Pavlicek, V Pavlon, S Pellett, D Penzo, A Perington, B Petragnani, G Petravick, D Phillips, TJ Photos, F Piacentino, G Picciolo, C Piccoli, L Piedra, J Pitts, KT Plunkett, R Pompos, A Pondrom, L Pope, G Poukhov, O Prakoshyn, F Pratt, T Profeti, A Pronko, A Proudfoot, J Punzi, G Rademacker, J Rafaelli, F Rakitine, A Rappoccio, S Ratnikov, F Rauch, J Ray, H Rechenmacher, R Reia, S Reichold, A Rekovic, V Renton, P Rescigno, M Rimondi, F Rinnert, K Ristori, L Riveline, M Rivetta, C Robertson, WJ Robson, A Rodrigo, T Rolli, S Roman, M Rosenberg, S Rosenson, L Roser, R Rossin, R Rott, C Ruiz, A Russ, J Ryan, D Saarikko, H Sabik, S Sadler, L Safonov, A St Denis, R Sakumoto, WK Saltzberg, D Sanchez, C Sanders, H Sanders, R Sandrew, M Sansoni, A Santi, L Sarkar, S Sarraj, H Sarraj, J Sato, H Savard, P Schemitz, P Schlabach, P Schmidt, EE Schmidt, J Schmidt, MP Schmitt, M Schmitt, R Schmitz, M Schofield, G Schuh, K Schultz, K Scodellaro, L Scott, L Scribano, A Scuri, F Sedov, A Segler, S Seidel, S Seiya, Y Semenov, A Semeria, F Sexton-Kennedy, L Sfiligoi, I Shallenberger, J Shapiro, MD Shaw, T Shears, T Shenai, A Shepard, PF Shimojima, M Shochet, M Shon, Y Shoun, M Sidoti, A Siegrist, J Sieh, C Siket, M Sill, A Silva, R Simaitis, V Sinervo, P Sirotenko, I Sisakyan, A Skiba, A Slaughter, AJ Sliwa, K Smith, J Snider, FD Snihur, R Somalwar, SV Spalding, J Spezziga, M Spiegel, L Spinella, F Spiropulu, M Stadie, H Stanek, R Stanfield, N Stelzer, B Stelzer-Chilton, O Strologas, J Stuart, D Stuermer, W Sukhanov, A Sumorok, K Sun, H Suzuki, T Syu, J Szymulanski, A Taffard, A Takach, SF Takano, H Takashima, R Takeuchi, Y Takikawa, K Tamburello, P Tanaka, M Tanaka, R Tang, D Tanimoto, N Tannenbaum, B Tapprogge, S Taylor, RD Teafoe, G Tecchio, M Teng, PK Terashi, K Terentieva, T Tesarek, RJ Tether, S Thom, J Thomas, A Thompson, AS Thomson, E Thurman-Keup, R Timm, S Tipton, P Tkaczyk, S Toback, D Tollefson, K Tonelli, D Tonnesmann, M Torretta, D Trimby, C Trischuk, W Trumbo, J Tseng, J Tsuchiya, R Tsuno, S Tsybychev, D Turini, N Turner, M Ukegawa, F Unverhau, T Uozumi, S Usynin, D Vacavant, L Vaiciulis, T Van Berg, R Varganov, A Vataga, E Vejcik, S Velev, G Veramendi, G Vickey, T Vidal, R Vila, I Vilar, R Vittone, M Voirin, J Vollmer, B Vollrath, I Volobouev, I von der Mey, M Votava, M Wagner, RG Wagner, RL Wagner, W Wallace, N Walter, T Walters, A Wan, Z Wandersee, A Wang, MJ Wang, SM Ward, B Waschke, S Waters, D Watts, T Weber, M Weems, L Wenzel, H Wester, W Whitehouse, B Wickenberg, W Wicklund, AB Wicklund, E Wigmans, R Wike, C Wilkes, T Williams, HH Wilson, P Winer, BL Wittich, P Wolbers, S Wolter, M Wong, M Worcester, M Worland, R Worm, S Wright, T Wu, J Wu, X Wurthwein, F Wyatt, A Yagil, A Yamamoto, K Yamashita, T Yang, UK Yao, W Yarema, R Yeh, GP Yi, K Yocum, D Yoh, J Yoon, P Yorita, K Yoshida, T Yu, I Yu, S Yu, Z Yun, JC Zalokar, M Zanello, L Zanetti, A Zaw, I Zetti, F Zhou, J Zimmerman, T Zsenei, A Zucchelli, S AF Acosta, D Affolder, T Ahn, MH Akimoto, T Albrow, MG Alcorn, B Alexander, C Allen, D Allspach, D Amaral, P Ambrose, D Amendolia, SR Amidei, D Amundson, J Anastassov, A Anderson, J Anikeev, K Annovi, A Antos, J Aoki, M Apollinari, G Arguin, JF Arisawa, T Artikov, A Asakawa, T Ashmanskas, W Attal, A Avanzini, C Azfar, F Azzi-Bacchetta, P Babik, M Bacchetta, N Bachacou, H Badgett, W Bailey, S Bakken, J Barbaro-Galtieri, A Bardi, A Bari, M Barker, G Barnes, VE Barnett, BA Baroiant, S Barone, M Barsotti, E Basti, A Bauer, G Beckner, D Bedeschi, F Behari, S Belforte, S Bell, WH Bellendir, G Bellettini, G Bellinger, J Benjamin, D Beretvas, A Berg, B Bhatti, A Binkley, M Bisello, D Bishai, M Blair, RE Blocker, C Bloom, K Blumenfeld, B Bocci, A Bodek, A Bogdan, M Bolla, G Bolshov, A Booth, PSL Bortoletto, D Boudreau, J Bourov, S Bowden, M Box, D Bromberg, C Brown, W Brozovic, M Brubaker, E Buckley-Geer, L Budagov, J Budd, HS Burkett, K Busetto, G Bussey, P Byon-Wagner, A Byrum, KL Cabrera, S Calafiura, P Campanelli, M Campbell, M Canal, P Canepa, A Carithers, W Carlsmith, D Carosi, R Carrell, K Carter, H Caskey, W Castro, A Cauz, D Cerri, A Cerri, C Cerrito, L Chandler, JT Chapman, J Chappa, S Chen, C Chen, YC Cheng, MT Chertok, M Chiarelli, G Chirikov-Zorin, I Chlachidze, G Chlebana, F Cho, I Cho, K Chokheli, D Chu, ML Chung, JY Chung, WH Chung, YS Ciobanu, CI Ciocci, MA Cisko, S Clark, AG Coca, M Coiley, K Colijn, AP Colombo, R Connolly, A Convery, M Conway, J Cooper, G Cordelli, M Cortiana, G Cranshaw, J Cudzewicz, R Culbertson, R Currat, C Cyr, D Dagenhart, D DalMonte, L DaRonco, S D'Auria, S Davila, R Dawson, J Dawson, T de Barbaro, P DeBaun, C De Cecco, S Dell'Agnello, S Dell'Orso, M DeMaat, R Demar, P Demers, S Demortier, L Deninno, M De Pedis, D Derwent, PF Derylo, G Devlin, T Dionisi, C Dittmann, JR Doksus, P Dominguez, A Donati, S Donno, F D'Onofrio, M Dorigo, T Downing, R Drake, G Drennan, C Drollinger, V Dunietz, I Dyer, A Ebina, K Eddy, N Ely, R Engels, E Erbacher, R Erdmann, M Errede, D Errede, S Eusebi, R Fang, HC Farrington, S Feild, RG Feindt, M Fernandez, JP Ferretti, C Field, RD Fiori, I Fischler, M Flanagan, G Flaugher, B Flores-Castillo, LR Foland, A Forrester, S Foster, GW Franklin, M Frisch, H Fromm, J Fujii, Y Furic, I Galeotti, S Galet, G Gallas, A Gallinaro, M Ganel, O Garcia, C Garcia-Sciveres, M Garfinkel, AF Garwacki, M Garzoglio, G Gay, C Gerberich, H Gerdes, DW Gerchtein, E Gerstenslager, J Giacchetti, L Giagu, S Giannetti, P Gibson, A Gillespie, G Gingu, C Ginsburg, C Giolo, K Giordani, M Glagolev, V Glenzinski, D Glossen, R Gold, M Goldschmidt, N Goldstein, D Goldstein, J Gomez, G Goncharov, M Gonzalez, H Gordon, S Gorelov, I Goshaw, AT Gotra, Y Goulianos, K Grado, J Gregori, M Gresele, A Griffin, T Grim, G Grimm, C Gromoll, S Grosso-Pilcher, C Gu, C Guarino, V Guenther, M da Costa, JG Haber, C Hahn, A Hahn, K Hahn, SR Halkiadakis, E Hall, C Handler, R Haney, M Hao, W Happacher, F Hara, K Hare, M Harr, RF Harrington, J Harris, RM Hartmann, F Hatakeyama, K Hauser, J Hawke, T Hays, C Heider, E Heinemann, B Heinrich, J Heiss, A Hennecke, M Herber, R Herndon, M Herren, M Hicks, D Hill, C Hirschbuehl, D Hocker, A Hoff, J Hoffman, KD Hoftiezer, J Holloway, A Holloway, L Holm, S Holmgren, D Hou, S Houlden, MA Howell, J Hrycyk, M Hubbard, P Hughes, RE Huffman, BT Humbert, J Huston, J Ikado, K Incandela, J Introzzi, G Iori, M Ishizawa, I Issever, C Ivanov, A Iwata, Y Iyutin, B James, E Jang, D Jarrell, J Jeans, D Jensen, H Jetton, R Johnson, M Jones, M Jones, T Jun, SY Junk, T Kallenbach, J Kamon, T Kang, J Unel, MK Karchin, PE Kartal, S Kasha, H Kasten, M Kato, Y Kemp, Y Kennedy, RD Kephart, K Kephart, R Khazins, D Khotilovich, V Kilminster, B Kim, BJ Kim, DH Kim, HS Kim, J Kim, MJ Kim, MS Kim, SB Kim, SH Kim, TH Kim, YK King, BT Kirby, M Kirk, M Kirsch, L Klein, R Klimenko, S Knapp, M Knoblauch, D Knuteson, B Kobayashi, H Koehn, P Kondo, K Kong, DJ Konigsberg, J Kononenko, W Kordas, K Korn, A Korytov, A Kotelnikov, K Kotwal, A Kovalev, A Kowalkowski, J Kraus, J Kravchenko, I Kreymer, A Kroll, J Kruse, M Krutelyov, V Kuhlmann, SE Kumar, A Kuznetsova, N Laasanen, AT Lai, S Lami, S Lammel, S Lamore, D Lancaster, J Lancaster, M Lander, R Lanfranco, G Lannon, K Lath, A Latino, G Lauhakangas, R Lazzizzera, I Le, Y LeCompte, T Lee, J Lee, J Lee, K Lee, SW Lei, CM Leininger, M Leonardi, GL Leonardo, N Leone, S Levshina, T Lewis, F Lewis, JD Li, K Lin, CS Lindgren, M Liss, TM Litvintsev, DO Liu, T Liu, Y Lobban, O Lockyer, NS Loginov, A Loken, J Loreti, M Loskot, J Loverre, PF Lucchesi, D Lukens, P Lutz, P Lyons, L Lys, J MacNerland, J MacQueen, D Madorsky, A Madrak, R Maeshima, K Maksimovic, P Malferrari, L Mammini, P Manca, G Mandrichenko, I Manea, C Marginean, R Marrafino, J Martin, A Martin, M Martin, V Martinez, M Maruyama, T Matsunaga, H Mayer, J Mayers, GM Mazzanti, P McFarland, KS McGivern, D McIntyre, PM McNamara, P McNulty, R Menzemer, S Menzione, A Merkel, P Mesropian, C Messina, A Meyer, A Miao, T Michael, N Miller, JS Miller, L Miller, R Miquel, R Miscetti, S Mitselmakher, G Miyamoto, A Miyazaki, Y Mizicko, D Moccia, S Moggi, A Moggi, N Montero, S Moore, R Moore, T Morris, L Morsani, F Moulik, T Mukherjee, A Mulhearn, M Muller, T Mumford, R Munar, A Murat, P Murgia, S Nachtman, J Nagaslaev, V Nahn, S Nakamura, I Nakano, I Napier, A Napora, R Necula, V Nelson, C Nelson, T Neu, C Neubauer, MS Neuberger, D Newby, W Newcomer, FM Newman-Holmes, C Niell, F Nielsen, J Nicollerat, AS Nigmanov, T Niu, H Nodulman, L Noe, W Oesterberg, K Ogawa, T Oh, S Oh, YD Ohl, K Ohsugi, T Oishi, R Okusawa, T Oldeman, R Orava, R Orejudos, W Orr, S Pagani, G Pagliarone, C Palmonari, F Ramos, I Panacek, S Pantano, D Paoletti, R Papadimitriou, V Pasetes, R Pashapour, S Passuello, D Paterno, M Patrick, J Pauletta, G Paulini, M Pauly, T Paus, C Pavlicek, V Pavlon, S Pellett, D Penzo, A Perington, B Petragnani, G Petravick, D Phillips, TJ Photos, F Piacentino, G Picciolo, C Piccoli, L Piedra, J Pitts, KT Plunkett, R Pompos, A Pondrom, L Pope, G Poukhov, O Prakoshyn, F Pratt, T Profeti, A Pronko, A Proudfoot, J Punzi, G Rademacker, J Rafaelli, F Rakitine, A Rappoccio, S Ratnikov, F Rauch, J Ray, H Rechenmacher, R Reia, S Reichold, A Rekovic, V Renton, P Rescigno, M Rimondi, F Rinnert, K Ristori, L Riveline, M Rivetta, C Robertson, WJ Robson, A Rodrigo, T Rolli, S Roman, M Rosenberg, S Rosenson, L Roser, R Rossin, R Rott, C Ruiz, A Russ, J Ryan, D Saarikko, H Sabik, S Sadler, L Safonov, A St Denis, R Sakumoto, WK Saltzberg, D Sanchez, C Sanders, H Sanders, R Sandrew, M Sansoni, A Santi, L Sarkar, S Sarraj, H Sarraj, J Sato, H Savard, P Schemitz, P Schlabach, P Schmidt, EE Schmidt, J Schmidt, MP Schmitt, M Schmitt, R Schmitz, M Schofield, G Schuh, K Schultz, K Scodellaro, L Scott, L Scribano, A Scuri, F Sedov, A Segler, S Seidel, S Seiya, Y Semenov, A Semeria, F Sexton-Kennedy, L Sfiligoi, I Shallenberger, J Shapiro, MD Shaw, T Shears, T Shenai, A Shepard, PF Shimojima, M Shochet, M Shon, Y Shoun, M Sidoti, A Siegrist, J Sieh, C Siket, M Sill, A Silva, R Simaitis, V Sinervo, P Sirotenko, I Sisakyan, A Skiba, A Slaughter, AJ Sliwa, K Smith, J Snider, FD Snihur, R Somalwar, SV Spalding, J Spezziga, M Spiegel, L Spinella, F Spiropulu, M Stadie, H Stanek, R Stanfield, N Stelzer, B Stelzer-Chilton, O Strologas, J Stuart, D Stuermer, W Sukhanov, A Sumorok, K Sun, H Suzuki, T Syu, J Szymulanski, A Taffard, A Takach, SF Takano, H Takashima, R Takeuchi, Y Takikawa, K Tamburello, P Tanaka, M Tanaka, R Tang, D Tanimoto, N Tannenbaum, B Tapprogge, S Taylor, RD Teafoe, G Tecchio, M Teng, PK Terashi, K Terentieva, T Tesarek, RJ Tether, S Thom, J Thomas, A Thompson, AS Thomson, E Thurman-Keup, R Timm, S Tipton, P Tkaczyk, S Toback, D Tollefson, K Tonelli, D Tonnesmann, M Torretta, D Trimby, C Trischuk, W Trumbo, J Tseng, J Tsuchiya, R Tsuno, S Tsybychev, D Turini, N Turner, M Ukegawa, F Unverhau, T Uozumi, S Usynin, D Vacavant, L Vaiciulis, T Van Berg, R Varganov, A Vataga, E Vejcik, S Velev, G Veramendi, G Vickey, T Vidal, R Vila, I Vilar, R Vittone, M Voirin, J Vollmer, B Vollrath, I Volobouev, I von der Mey, M Votava, M Wagner, RG Wagner, RL Wagner, W Wallace, N Walter, T Walters, A Wan, Z Wandersee, A Wang, MJ Wang, SM Ward, B Waschke, S Waters, D Watts, T Weber, M Weems, L Wenzel, H Wester, W Whitehouse, B Wickenberg, W Wicklund, AB Wicklund, E Wigmans, R Wike, C Wilkes, T Williams, HH Wilson, P Winer, BL Wittich, P Wolbers, S Wolter, M Wong, M Worcester, M Worland, R Worm, S Wright, T Wu, J Wu, X Wurthwein, F Wyatt, A Yagil, A Yamamoto, K Yamashita, T Yang, UK Yao, W Yarema, R Yeh, GP Yi, K Yocum, D Yoh, J Yoon, P Yorita, K Yoshida, T Yu, I Yu, S Yu, Z Yun, JC Zalokar, M Zanello, L Zanetti, A Zaw, I Zetti, F Zhou, J Zimmerman, T Zsenei, A Zucchelli, S CA CDF II Collaboration TI Measurement of the mass difference m(D-s(+))-m(D+) at CDF II SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID SILICON VERTEX TRACKER AB We present a measurement of the mass difference m(D-s(+))-m(D+), where both the D-s(+) and D+ are reconstructed in the phipi(+) decay channel. This measurement uses 11.6 pb(-1) of data collected by CDF II using the new displaced-track trigger. The mass difference is found to be m(D-s(+))-m(D+)=99.41+/-0.38(stat)+/-0.21(syst) MeV/c(2). C1 Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Bologna, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. Brandeis Univ, Waltham, MA 02254 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Cantabria, CSIC, Inst Fis Cantabria, E-39005 Santander, Spain. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Joint Inst Nucl Res, RU-141980 Dubna, Russia. Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. Univ Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Univ Helsinki, FIN-00044 Helsinki, Finland. Hiroshima Univ, Higashihiroshima 724, Japan. Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Univ Karlsruhe, Inst Expt Kernphys, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany. KEK, High Energy Accelerator Res Org, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Kyungpook Natl Univ, Ctr High Energy Phys, Taegu 702701, South Korea. Seoul Natl Univ, Seoul 151742, South Korea. Sungkyunkwan Univ, Suwon 440746, South Korea. Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England. UCL, London WC1E 6BT, England. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Okayama Univ, Okayama 7008530, Japan. Osaka City Univ, Osaka 588, Japan. Univ Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. Univ Padua, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova Trento, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Pisa, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56100 Pisa, Italy. Scuola Normale Super Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy. Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. Rockefeller Univ, New York, NY 10021 USA. Univ Rome 1, Inst Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. Univ Toronto, Inst Particle Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. Univ Trieste, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Udine, Italy. Univ Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Tufts Univ, Medford, MA 02155 USA. Waseda Univ, Tokyo 169, Japan. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RI Prokoshin, Fedor/E-2795-2012; Kim, Soo-Bong/B-7061-2014; Gallas Torreira, Abraham Antonio/K-6508-2014; Scodellaro, Luca/K-9091-2014; Paulini, Manfred/N-7794-2014; Russ, James/P-3092-2014; Cabrera Urban, Susana/H-1376-2015; ciocci, maria agnese /I-2153-2015; Introzzi, Gianluca/K-2497-2015; Gorelov, Igor/J-9010-2015; Leonardo, Nuno/M-6940-2016; Lancaster, Mark/C-1693-2008; Ruiz, Alberto/E-4473-2011; Robson, Aidan/G-1087-2011; De Cecco, Sandro/B-1016-2012; Wolter, Marcin/A-7412-2012; St.Denis, Richard/C-8997-2012; Azzi, Patrizia/H-5404-2012; manca, giulia/I-9264-2012; Punzi, Giovanni/J-4947-2012; messina, andrea/C-2753-2013; Annovi, Alberto/G-6028-2012; Chiarelli, Giorgio/E-8953-2012; Ivanov, Andrew/A-7982-2013 OI Prokoshin, Fedor/0000-0001-6389-5399; Gallas Torreira, Abraham Antonio/0000-0002-2745-7954; Scodellaro, Luca/0000-0002-4974-8330; Paulini, Manfred/0000-0002-6714-5787; Russ, James/0000-0001-9856-9155; ciocci, maria agnese /0000-0003-0002-5462; Introzzi, Gianluca/0000-0002-1314-2580; Gorelov, Igor/0000-0001-5570-0133; Leonardo, Nuno/0000-0002-9746-4594; Ruiz, Alberto/0000-0002-3639-0368; Azzi, Patrizia/0000-0002-3129-828X; Punzi, Giovanni/0000-0002-8346-9052; Annovi, Alberto/0000-0002-4649-4398; Chiarelli, Giorgio/0000-0001-9851-4816; Ivanov, Andrew/0000-0002-9270-5643 NR 19 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD OCT 1 PY 2003 VL 68 IS 7 AR 072004 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.68.072004 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 740FA UT WOS:000186391200009 ER PT J AU Chiang, CW Gronau, M Rosner, JL AF Chiang, CW Gronau, M Rosner, JL TI Two-body charmless B decays involving eta and eta ' SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID WEAK PHASE-GAMMA; MESON DECAYS; EXCLUSIVE DECAYS; CP-VIOLATION; U-SPIN; K-ETA; QCD; LIGHT; AMPLITUDES; MODES AB We discuss the implications of recent experimental data for B decays into two pseudoscalar mesons, with an emphasis on those with eta and eta' in the final states. Applying a U-spin argument, we show that tree and penguin amplitudes, both in B+-->pi(+)eta and in B+-->pi(+)eta', are of comparable magnitudes. Nontrivial relative weak and strong phases between the tree-level amplitudes and penguin-loop amplitudes in the B+/--->pi(+/-)eta modes are extracted. We predict the possible values for the averaged branching ratio and CP asymmetry of the B+/--->pi(+/-)eta' modes. We test the assumption of a singlet-penguin amplitude with the same weak and strong phases as the QCD penguin amplitude in explaining the large branching ratios of eta'K modes, and show that it is consistent with current branching ratio and CP asymmetry data of the B+-->(pi(0),eta,eta')K+ modes. We also show that the strong phases of the singlet-penguin and tree-level amplitudes can be extracted with further input of electroweak penguin contributions and a sufficiently well-known branching ratio of the etaK(+) mode. Using SU(3) flavor symmetry, we also estimate required data samples to detect modes that have not yet been seen. C1 Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Phys, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. RP Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, 5640 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. EM chengwei@hep.uchicago.edu; gronau@physics.technion.ac.il; rosner@hep.uchicago.edu OI Chiang, Cheng-Wei/0000-0003-1716-0169 NR 89 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD OCT 1 PY 2003 VL 68 IS 7 AR 074012 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.68.074012 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 740FA UT WOS:000186391200029 ER PT J AU Gogoladze, I Lykken, J Macesanu, C Nandi, S AF Gogoladze, I Lykken, J Macesanu, C Nandi, S TI Implications of a massless neutralino for neutrino physics SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID SUPERSYMMETRIC STANDARD MODEL; CPT-VIOLATION; DARK-MATTER; SUPER-KAMIOKANDE; STERILE NEUTRINO; SOLAR; OSCILLATIONS; MIXINGS; LSND; SEARCH AB We consider the phenomenological implications of a soft supersymmetry (SUSY) breaking term (B) over tildeN at the TeV scale [here (B) over tilde is the U(1)(Y) gaugino and N is the right-handed neutrino field]. In models with a massless (or nearly massless) neutralino, such a term will give rise through the seesaw mechanism to new contributions to the mass matrix of the light neutrinos. We treat the massless neutralino as an (almost) sterile neutrino and find that its mass depends on the square of the soft SUSY breaking scale, with interesting consequences for neutrino physics. We also show that, although it requires finetuning, a massless neutralino in the minimal supersymmetric standard model or next-to-minimal supersymmetric standard model is not experimentally excluded. The implications of this scenario for neutrino physics are discussed. C1 Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Phys, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Phys, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. EM ilia@hep.phy.okstate.edu; lykken@fnal.gov; mcos@pas.rochester.edu; shaown@okstate.edu NR 70 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD OCT 1 PY 2003 VL 68 IS 7 AR 073004 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.68.073004 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 740FA UT WOS:000186391200013 ER PT J AU Martin, SP AF Martin, SP TI Evaluation of two-loop self-energy basis integrals using differential equations SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID THRESHOLD EXPANSION; FEYNMAN DIAGRAMS; NUMERICAL EVALUATION; ASYMPTOTIC EXPANSIONS; DIMENSIONAL REDUCTION; PROPAGATOR INTEGRALS; MOMENTUM EXPANSION; MASTER AMPLITUDES; ARBITRARY MASSES; SUNSET DIAGRAM AB I study the Feynman integrals needed to compute two-loop self-energy functions for general masses and external momenta. A convenient basis for these functions consists of the four integrals obtained at the end of Tarasov's recurrence relation algorithm. The basis functions are modified here to include one-loop and two-loop counterterms to render them finite; this simplifies the presentation of results in practical applications. I find the derivatives of these basis functions with respect to all squared-mass arguments, the renormalization scale, and the external momentum invariant, and express the results algebraically in terms of the basis. This allows all necessary two-loop self-energy integrals to be efficiently computed numerically using the differential equation in the external momentum invariant. I also use the differential equations method to derive analytic forms for various special cases, including a four-propagator integral with three distinct nonzero masses. C1 No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Martin, SP (reprint author), No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. NR 63 TC 59 Z9 59 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD OCT 1 PY 2003 VL 68 IS 7 AR 075002 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.68.075002 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 740FA UT WOS:000186391200038 ER PT J AU Nomura, Y Suzuki, K AF Nomura, Y Suzuki, K TI Gauge mediation models with neutralino dark matter SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID ANOMALOUS MAGNETIC-MOMENT; DYNAMICAL SUPERSYMMETRY BREAKING; RELIC DENSITY; MUON G-2; SUPERGRAVITY MODELS; STANDARD MODEL; MINIMAL SUPERGRAVITY; SLEPTON MASSES; SUSY BREAKING; MESSENGER AB We study gauge mediation models of supersymmetry breaking with a neutralino lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP). These models are naturally realized by embedding the usual four-dimensional gauge mediation models into a higher-dimensional spacetime such as M(4)xS(1)/Z(2). We calculate the relic abundance of the neutralino LSP in these models and show that there exist wide parameter regions where the neutralino LSP constitutes the dominant component of the cold dark matter. These regions evade constraints from collider experiments, such as Higgs boson mass bounds, and give values for b-->sgamma and the muon anomalous magnetic moment consistent with current experiments. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Theoret Phys Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. OI Nomura, Yasunori/0000-0002-1497-1479 NR 97 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD OCT 1 PY 2003 VL 68 IS 7 AR 075005 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.68.075005 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 740FA UT WOS:000186391200041 ER PT J AU Nomura, Y Smith, DR AF Nomura, Y Smith, DR TI Spectrum of TeV particles in warped supersymmetric grand unification SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article AB In warped supersymmetric grand unification, XY gauge particles appear near the TeV scale along with Kaluza-Klein towers of the standard model gauge fields. In spite of this exotic low-energy physics, the successful gauge coupling unification prediction of the minimal supersymmetric standard model (MSSM) is preserved and proton decay is naturally suppressed. In this paper we study in detail the low-lying mass spectrum of superparticles and grand unified particles in this theory, taking supersymmetry breaking to be localized to the TeV brane. The masses of the MSSM particles, Kaluza-Klein modes, and XY states are all determined by two parameters, one that fixes the strength of the supersymmetry breaking and the other that sets the scale of the infrared brane. A particularly interesting result is that for relatively strong supersymmetry breaking, the XY gauginos and the lowest Kaluza-Klein excitations of the MSSM gauginos may both lie within reach of the CERN Large Hadron Collider, providing the possibility that the underlying unified gauge symmetry and the enhanced N=2 supersymmetry of the theory will both be revealed. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Dept Theoret Phys, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. MIT, Ctr Theoret Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Nomura, Y (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Dept Theoret Phys, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. OI Nomura, Yasunori/0000-0002-1497-1479 NR 21 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD OCT 1 PY 2003 VL 68 IS 7 AR 075003 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.68.075003 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 740FA UT WOS:000186391200039 ER PT J AU Pati, JC AF Pati, JC TI Leptogenesis and neutrino oscillations within a predictive G(224)/SO(10) framework SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Review ID HEAVY MAJORANA NEUTRINOS; LEPTON NUMBER VIOLATION; CP VIOLATION; BARYON ASYMMETRY; STRING MODEL; GRAND UNIFICATION; SYMMETRY-BREAKING; NON-CONSERVATION; GAUGE SYMMETRY; PROTON-DECAY AB A framework based on an effective symmetry that is either G(224)=SU(2)(L)xSU(2)(R)xSU(4)(c) or SO(10) has been proposed (a few years ago) that successfully describes the masses and mixings of all fermions including neutrinos, with seven predictions, in good accord with the data. Baryogenesis via leptogenesis is considered within this framework by allowing for natural phases (similar to1/20-1/2) in the entries of the Dirac and Majorana mass matrices. It is shown that the framework leads quite naturally, for both thermal as well as nonthermal leptogenesis, to the desired magnitude for the baryon asymmetry. This result is obtained in full accord with the observed features of the atmospheric and solar neutrino oscillations, as well as with those of the quark and charged lepton masses and mixings, and the gravitino constraint. Hereby one obtains a unified description of fermion masses, neutrino oscillations and baryogenesis (via leptogenesis) within a single predictive framework. C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Pati, JC (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. NR 132 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD OCT 1 PY 2003 VL 68 IS 7 AR 072002 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.68.072002 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 740FA UT WOS:000186391200007 ER PT J AU Skiba, W Terning, J AF Skiba, W Terning, J TI Simple model of two little Higgs bosons SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID COMPOSITE HIGGS; ELECTROWEAK PARAMETERS; RADIATIVE-CORRECTIONS; TECHNICOLOR THEORIES; SYMMETRY-BREAKING; MISALIGNMENT; SU(2) AB We construct a little Higgs boson model using a simple global symmetry group SU(9) spontaneously broken to SU(8). The electroweak interactions are extended to SU(3)xU(1) and embedded in SU(9). At the electroweak scale, our model is a two-Higgs-boson doublet model. At the TeV scale, there are additional states, which are responsible for the cancellation of one loop quadratic divergences. We compute the effects of heavy states on the precision electroweak observables and find that the lower bounds on the masses of heavy gauge bosons and fermions are between 1 and 2 TeV. C1 Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theory Div T8, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. EM witold.skiba@yale.edu; terning@lanl.gov NR 31 TC 114 Z9 114 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD OCT 1 PY 2003 VL 68 IS 7 AR 075001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.68.075001 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 740FA UT WOS:000186391200037 ER PT J AU Asthagiri, D Pratt, LR Kress, JD AF Asthagiri, D Pratt, LR Kress, JD TI Free energy of liquid water on the basis of quasichemical theory and ab initio molecular dynamics SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID GENERALIZED GRADIENT APPROXIMATION; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; HYDRATION NUMBER; SIMULATION AB We use ab initio molecular dynamics as a basis for quasichemical theory evaluation of the free energy of water near conventional liquid thermodynamic states. The Perdew-Wang-91 (PW91), Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof (PBE), and revised PBE (rPBE) functionals are employed. The oxygen radial density distribution using the rPBE functional is in reasonable agreement with current experiments, whereas the PW91 and PBE functionals predict a more structured oxygen radial density distribution. The diffusion coefficient with the rPBE functional is in reasonable accord with experiments. Using a maximum entropy procedure, we obtain x(0) from the coordination number distribution x(n) for oxygen atoms having n neighbors. Likewise, we obtain p(0) from p(n), the probability of observing cavities of specified radius containing n water molecules. The probability x(0) is a measure of the local chemical interactions and is central to the quasichemical theory of solutions. The probability p(0), central to the theory of liquids, is a measure of the free energy required to open cavities of defined sizes in the solvent. Using these values and a reasonable model for electrostatic and dispersion effects, the hydration free energy of water in water at 314 K is calculated to be -5.1 kcal/mole with the rPBE functional, in encouraging agreement with the experimental value of -6.1 kcal/mole. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Asthagiri, Dilipkumar/A-3383-2010; Asthagiri, Dilipkumar/P-9450-2016; Pratt, Lawrence/H-7955-2012 OI Asthagiri, Dilipkumar/0000-0001-5869-0807; Pratt, Lawrence/0000-0003-2351-7451 NR 36 TC 107 Z9 108 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0045 EI 2470-0053 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD OCT PY 2003 VL 68 IS 4 AR 041505 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.68.041505 PN 1 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 743JR UT WOS:000186569100032 PM 14682945 ER PT J AU Deng, S Barnes, CD Clayton, CE O'Connell, C Decker, FJ Erdem, O Fonseca, RA Huang, C Hogan, MJ Iverson, R Johnson, DK Joshi, C Katsouleas, T Krejcik, P Lu, W Marsh, KA Mori, WB Muggli, P Tsung, F AF Deng, S Barnes, CD Clayton, CE O'Connell, C Decker, FJ Erdem, O Fonseca, RA Huang, C Hogan, MJ Iverson, R Johnson, DK Joshi, C Katsouleas, T Krejcik, P Lu, W Marsh, KA Mori, WB Muggli, P Tsung, F TI Plasma wakefield acceleration in self-ionized gas or plasmas SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID BEAM AB Tunnel ionizing neutral gas with the self-field of a charged particle beam is explored as a possible way of creating plasma sources for a plasma wakefield accelerator [Bruhwiler , Phys. Plasmas (to be published)]. The optimal gas density for maximizing the plasma wakefield without preionized plasma is studied using the PIC simulation code OSIRIS [R. Hemker , in Proceeding of the Fifth IEEE Particle Accelerator Conference (IEEE, 1999), pp. 3672-3674]. To obtain wakefields comparable to the optimal preionized case, the gas density needs to be seven times higher than the plasma density in a typical preionized case. A physical explanation is given. C1 Univ So Calif, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Deng, S (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. RI Fonseca, Ricardo/B-7680-2009; Lu, Wei/F-2504-2016 OI Fonseca, Ricardo/0000-0001-6342-6226; NR 9 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD OCT PY 2003 VL 68 IS 4 AR 047401 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.68.047401 PN 2 PG 3 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 743KP UT WOS:000186571200103 PM 14683089 ER PT J AU Hebner, GA Riley, ME AF Hebner, GA Riley, ME TI Measurement of attractive interactions produced by the ion wakefield in dusty plasmas using a constrained collision geometry SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID COULOMB CRYSTAL; PARTICLES; SHEATH; MOLECULES; LATTICE; FORCES; CHARGE AB Plasma dust particle interactions, charges, and screening lengths are derived from measurements of time-dependent particle positions in a simplified geometry. The magnitude and structure of the ion wakefield potential below a negatively charged dust particle levitated in the plasma sheath region were measured as functions of the pressure and interparticle spacing. Attractive and repulsive components of the interaction force were extracted from a trajectory analysis of low-energy dust collisions between different mass particles in a well-defined electrostatic potential that constrained the dynamics of the collisions to be one-dimensional. Typical peak attractions varied between 60 and 230 fN while the peak particle-particle repulsion was on the order of 60 fN. Random thermal motion of the particles contributed to observable rates for transitions between different equilibrium configurations of vertically separated particles. The influence of nearest- and non-nearest-neighbor interactions on calculated particle parameters is examined using several methods. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 27 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0045 EI 2470-0053 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD OCT PY 2003 VL 68 IS 4 AR 046401 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.68.046401 PN 2 PG 11 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 743KP UT WOS:000186571200062 PM 14683048 ER PT J AU Kevrekidis, PG Khare, A Saxena, A AF Kevrekidis, PG Khare, A Saxena, A TI Breather lattice and its stabilization for the modified Korteweg-de Vries equation SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID DIFFERENTIAL-DIFFERENCE EQUATIONS; KDV EQUATION; SURFACES; PLASMA; MODES AB We obtain an exact solution for the breather lattice solution of the modified Korteweg-de Vries equation. Numerical simulation of the breather lattice demonstrates its instability due to the breather-breather interaction. However, such multibreather structures can be stabilized through the concurrent application of ac driving and viscous damping terms. C1 Univ Massachusetts, Dept Math & Stat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. Inst Phys, Bhubaneswar 751005, Orissa, India. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Kevrekidis, PG (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Math & Stat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. NR 28 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD OCT PY 2003 VL 68 IS 4 AR 047701 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.68.047701 PN 2 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 743KP UT WOS:000186571200104 PM 14683090 ER PT J AU Reichhardt, C Reichhardt, CJO AF Reichhardt, C Reichhardt, CJO TI Absolute transverse mobility and ratchet effect on periodic two-dimensional symmetric substrates SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID SUPERCONDUCTING FILMS; ANOMALOUS HYSTERESIS; NEGATIVE-RESISTANCE; THERMAL RATCHETS; BROWNIAN MOTORS; ARRAYS; TRANSPORT; LATTICES; DYNAMICS; DEFECTS AB We present a simple model of an overdamped particle moving on a two-dimensional symmetric periodic substrate with a dc drive in the longitudinal direction and additional ac drives in both the longitudinal and transverse directions. For certain regimes we find that a finite longitudinal dc force produces a net dc response only in the transverse direction, which we term absolute transverse mobility. Additionally, we find regimes exhibiting a ratchet effect in the absence of an applied dc drive. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Reichhardt, C (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. OI Reichhardt, Cynthia/0000-0002-3487-5089 NR 38 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD OCT PY 2003 VL 68 IS 4 AR 046102 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.68.046102 PN 2 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 743KP UT WOS:000186571200011 PM 14682997 ER PT J AU Wu, YK Forest, E Robin, DS AF Wu, YK Forest, E Robin, DS TI Explicit symplectic integrator for s-dependent static magnetic field SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID FEL STORAGE-RING; DYNAMIC APERTURE; GLOBAL DYNAMICS AB This paper reports our recent work on explicit symplectic integration techniques for the charged particle motion in an s-dependent static magnetic field. Using the extended phase space, symplectic integrators can be developed for Hamiltonians with or without the paraxial approximation using either the space or time as an independent variable. This work extends the successful element-by-element tracking method for studying single-particle nonlinear dynamics to a set of s-dependent magnetic elements. Important applications of this work include the studies of the charged particle dynamics in a storage ring with various insertion devices, superconducting magnets, large aperture magnets with significant fringe fields, and solenoid magnets in the interaction region. Consequently, this work is expected to make an impact on design and optimal operation of existing and future light source rings and high energy physics accelerators. C1 Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. High energy Accelerator Res Org, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050810, Japan. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. EM wu@fel.duke.edu NR 30 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0045 EI 2470-0053 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD OCT PY 2003 VL 68 IS 4 AR 046502 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.68.046502 PN 2 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 743KP UT WOS:000186571200072 PM 14683058 ER PT J AU Zhang, YT Shi, J Shu, CW Zhou, Y AF Zhang, YT Shi, J Shu, CW Zhou, Y TI Numerical viscosity and resolution of high-order weighted essentially nonoscillatory schemes for compressible flows with high Reynolds numbers SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID EFFICIENT IMPLEMENTATION; INTENSE LASERS; ASTROPHYSICS AB A quantitative study is carried out in this paper to investigate the size of numerical viscosities and the resolution power of high-order weighted essentially nonoscillatory (WENO) schemes for solving one- and two-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations for compressible gas dynamics with high Reynolds numbers. A one-dimensional shock tube problem, a one-dimensional example with parameters motivated by supernova and laser experiments, and a two-dimensional Rayleigh-Taylor instability problem are used as numerical test problems. For the two-dimensional Rayleigh-Taylor instability problem, or similar problems with small-scale structures, the details of the small structures are determined by the physical viscosity (therefore, the Reynolds number) in the Navier-Stokes equations. Thus, to obtain faithful resolution to these small-scale structures, the numerical viscosity inherent in the scheme must be small enough so that the physical viscosity dominates. A careful mesh refinement study is performed to capture the threshold mesh for full resolution, for specific Reynolds numbers, when WENO schemes of different orders of accuracy are used. It is demonstrated that high-order WENO schemes are more CPU time efficient to reach the same resolution, both for the one-dimensional and two-dimensional test problems. C1 Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Math, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Univ Texas, Dept Math, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Brown Univ, Div Appl Math, Providence, RI 02912 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Zhang, YT (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Math, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. EM zyt@math.uci.edu; jshi@mail.ma.utexas.edu; shu@dam.brown.edu; zhou3@llnl.gov RI Shu, Chi-Wang/A-3216-2013 OI Shu, Chi-Wang/0000-0001-7720-9564 NR 18 TC 23 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD OCT PY 2003 VL 68 IS 4 AR 046709 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.68.046709 PN 2 PG 16 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 743KP UT WOS:000186571200095 PM 14683081 ER PT J AU Amundson, J Lackey, J Spentzouris, P Jungman, G Spentzouris, L AF Amundson, J Lackey, J Spentzouris, P Jungman, G Spentzouris, L TI Calibration of the Fermilab Booster ionization profile monitor SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article AB The booster ionization profile monitor (IPM) obtains transverse beam profiles by measuring the distribution of ions resulting from interaction of the proton beam with background gas in the beam chamber. The challenge of the IPM operation is that the measured ion distribution is not an exact representation of the beam distribution, since the ion trajectories are influenced by the electromagnetic field of the beam. We have developed a new model for the dependence of the IPM measurement on the beam parameters, assuming a Gaussian beam distribution. Our model of the ion dynamics in the detector was constrained by making independent measurements of the horizontal beamwidth at injection and extraction and comparing these to data taken from the IPM at the same time. Our calibration results in the formula sigma(measured) = sigma(real) + C(1)Nsigma(real)(p1), where N is the number of protons in the machine, in units of 10(12), C-1 = (1.13 +/- 0.06) x 10(-5), in units of (meters)(1-p1)/10(12), and p(1) = -0.615 +/- 0.013; the subscript "measured" indicates the raw IPM measurement, the subscript "real" the true beamwidth. This result is the first detailed calibration of the response of the booster IPM based on experimental data. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. IIT, Dept Biol Chem & Phys Sci, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. RP Amundson, J (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 8 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD OCT PY 2003 VL 6 IS 10 AR 102801 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.6.102801 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 740XU UT WOS:000186428800002 ER PT J AU Cowan, BM AF Cowan, BM TI Two-dimensional photonic crystal accelerator structures SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article AB Photonic crystals provide a method of confining a synchronous speed-of-light mode in an all-dielectric structure, likely a necessary feature in any optical accelerator. We explore computationally a class of photonic crystal structures with translational symmetry in a direction transverse to the electron beam. We demonstrate synchronous waveguide modes and discuss relevant parameters of such modes. We then explore how accelerator parameters vary as the geometry of the structure is changed and consider trade-offs inherent in the design of an accelerator of this type. C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Cowan, BM (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. EM benc@slac.stanford.edu NR 14 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD OCT PY 2003 VL 6 IS 10 AR 101301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.6.101301 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 740XU UT WOS:000186428800001 ER PT J AU Davidson, RC Qin, H Shvets, G AF Davidson, RC Qin, H Shvets, G TI Wall-impedance-driven collective instability in intense charged particle beams SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article ID PERIODIC FOCUSING FIELD; DELTA-F SIMULATION; VLASOV-MAXWELL EQUATIONS; RESISTIVE INSTABILITIES; STABILITY THEOREM; COASTING BEAMS; PROPAGATION; EQUILIBRIUM; ACCELERATORS AB The linearized Vlasov-Maxwell equations are used to investigate detailed properties of the wall-impedance-driven instability for a long charge bunch (bunch length l(b) >> bunch radius r(b)) propagating through a cylindrical pipe with radius r(w) and wall impedance (Z) over tilde(omega). The stability analysis is carried out for perturbations about a cylindrical Kapchinskij-Vladimirskij beam equilibrium with a flattop density profile in the smooth-focusing approximation. The perturbations are assumed to be of the form deltapsi(x, t) = deltapsi(l)(r) exp(iltheta + ik(z)z - iomegat), where (r,theta) are the radial and azimuthal coordinates in the transverse direction, and z is the coordinate in the longitudinal direction. Here, l = 1, 2,... is the azimuthal mode number of the perturbation in the transverse direction, k(z) is the wave number in the longitudinal direction, and ! is the oscillation frequency. As an example, detailed stability properties are determined for dipole-mode perturbations (l = 1) assuming negligibly small axial momentum spread of the beam particles. The stability analysis is valid for a general value of the normalized beam intensity s(b) = (omega) over cap (2)(pb)/2gamma(b)(2)omega(betaperpendicular to)(2) in the interval 0 < s(b) < 1, where (omega) over cap (pb) = (4pi(n) over cap (b)e(b)(2)/gamma(b)m(b))(1/2) is the relativistic plasma frequency and omega(betaperpendicular to) is the applied focusing frequency. C1 Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. IIT, Ctr Accelerator & Particle Phys, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. RP Davidson, RC (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 50 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD OCT PY 2003 VL 6 IS 10 AR 104402 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.6.104402 PG 12 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 740XU UT WOS:000186428800008 ER PT J AU Kim, KJ AF Kim, KJ TI Round-to-flat transformation of angular-momentum-dominated beams SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article AB A study of round-to-flat configurations, and vice versa, of angular-momentum-dominated beams is presented. The beam propagation in an axial magnetic field is described in terms of the familiar Courant-Snyder formalism by using a rotating coordinate system. The discussion of the beam transformation is based on the general properties of a cylindrically symmetric beam matrix and the existence of two invariants for a symplectic transformation in 4D phase space. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Kim, KJ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 15 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD OCT PY 2003 VL 6 IS 10 AR 104002 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.6.104002 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 740XU UT WOS:000186428800005 ER PT J AU Wang, CX Sajaev, V Yao, CY AF Wang, CX Sajaev, V Yao, CY TI Phase advance and beta function measurements using model-independent analysis SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article AB Phase advance and beta function are basic lattice functions characterizing the linear properties of an accelerator lattice. Accurate and efficient measurements of these quantities are important for commissioning and operating a machine. For rings with little coupling, we report a new method to measure these lattice functions based on the model-independent analysis technique, which uses beam histories of excited betatron oscillations measured simultaneously at a large number of beam position monitors. It is simple, fast, accurate, and robust. Measurements done at the storage ring of the Advanced Photon Source are reported. Comparisons among various methods are made. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Wang, CX (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 23 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD OCT PY 2003 VL 6 IS 10 AR 104001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.6.104001 PG 10 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 740XU UT WOS:000186428800004 ER PT J AU Warnock, RL Ellison, JA AF Warnock, RL Ellison, JA TI Equilibrium state of colliding electron beams SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article AB We study a nonlinear integral equation that is a necessary condition on the equilibrium phase-space distribution function of stored, colliding electron beams. It is analogous to the Haissinski equation, being derived from Vlasov-Fokker-Planck theory, but is quite different in form. The equation is analyzed for the case of the Chao-Ruth model of the beam-beam interaction in 1 degree of freedom, a so-called strong-strong model with nonlinear beam-beam force. We prove the existence of a unique solution, for sufficiently small beam current, by an application of the implicit function theorem. We have not yet proved that this solution is positive, as would be required to establish existence of an equilibrium. There is, however, numerical evidence of a positive solution. We expect that our analysis can be extended to more realistic models. C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Univ New Mexico, Dept Math & Stat, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Warnock, RL (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD OCT PY 2003 VL 6 IS 10 AR 104401 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.6.104401 PG 16 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 740XU UT WOS:000186428800007 ER PT J AU Wu, JH Stupakov, GV Raubenheimer, TO Huangx, ZR AF Wu, JH Stupakov, GV Raubenheimer, TO Huangx, ZR TI Impact of the wiggler coherent synchrotron radiation impedance on the beam instability and damping ring optimization SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article ID FREE-ELECTRON-LASER AB Coherent synchrotron radiation (CSR) can play an important role by not only increasing the energy spread and emittance of a beam, but also leading to a potential instability. Previous studies of the CSR induced longitudinal instability were carried out for the CSR impedance due to dipole magnets. However, many storage rings include long wigglers where a large fraction of the synchrotron radiation is emitted. This includes high-luminosity factories such as DAPHNE, PEP-II, KEK-B, and CESR-C as well as the damping rings of future linear colliders. In this paper, the instability due to the CSR impedance from a wiggler is studied assuming a large wiggler parameter K. The primary consideration is a low-frequency microwavelike instability, which arises near the pipe cutoff frequency. Detailed results are presented on the growth rate and threshold for the damping rings of several linear collider designs. The different scaling between the wiggler CSR impedance and the dipole CSR impedance suggests an optimization for the damping ring design. C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Wu, JH (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD OCT PY 2003 VL 6 IS 10 AR 104404 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.6.104404 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 740XU UT WOS:000186428800010 ER PT J AU Amonette, JE Heald, SM Russell, CK AF Amonette, JE Heald, SM Russell, CK TI Imaging the heterogeneity of mineral surface reactivity using Ag(I) and synchrotron X-ray microscopy SO PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF MINERALS LA English DT Article DE silver; XRM; hematite; thin sections; biotite; sulfate-reducing bacteria; SRB; granite; diabase; conglomerate; feldspar; quartz ID SILVER; IRON; VISUALIZATION; LIGHT; GOLD AB Microscopic-scale imaging of reduced zones on the surfaces of minerals can be achieved by reaction with dilute Ag(I) solutions and subsequent analysis using synchrotron X-ray microscopy (XRM) above the Ag K-edge (25.5 keV). The principal reductant is Fe(II), but other reductants such as sulfide may contribute. Reduced zones may exist instrinsically, as in the structure of biotite and augite, or may be generated by reaction with chemical agents such as dithionite or treatment with sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB). We demonstrate the method on flakes of specular hematite and biotite, as well as on thin sections of different rocks (arfvedsonitic granite, oolitic hematite, diabase, and quartz conglomerate) treated with SRB, and discuss possible artifacts that can occur. To our knowledge, this is the only microscopic technique that can image Fe( II) zones on the surface of an Fe-bearing mineral with monolayer sensitivity. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Amonette, JE (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0342-1791 J9 PHYS CHEM MINER JI Phys. Chem. Miner. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 30 IS 9 BP 559 EP 569 DI 10.1007/s00269-003-0350-2 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mineralogy SC Materials Science; Mineralogy GA 741NC UT WOS:000186463300010 ER PT J AU Radlinski, AP Claoue-Long, J Hinde, AL Radlinska, EZ Lin, JS AF Radlinski, AP Claoue-Long, J Hinde, AL Radlinska, EZ Lin, JS TI Small-angle X-ray scattering measurement of the internal microstructure of natural zircon crystals SO PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF MINERALS LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR RADIATION; ION MICROPROBE; METAMICTIZATION; DIFFUSION; DAMAGE; GENERATION; TRANSITION; PB AB Zircon crystals change their physical properties significantly over time in response to the radiation damage (metamictization) induced in the lattice by the presence of radionuclides U and Th. Crystalline zircon has extremely low diffusion rates of the radiogenic daughter product, Pb. Lead diffusion is enhanced in metamict volumes, but the observed lack of correlation between Pb loss and metamictization in natural zircons requires that other mechanisms control the incidence of Pb migration. The proposition that self-induced stress and elasticity contrasts in zoned natural crystals create fast-track Pb migration pathways, in response to time-integrated radiation damage, requires a means of detecting the microstructures within zircons at the interatomic scale at which Pb migration takes place. Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) is introduced as a means of detecting candidate microstructures including subgrain boundaries, defect networks and microfractures produced by differential metamictization. It is shown that a classical X-ray source yields measurable SAXS response from contrasting metamict and crystalline domains within a crystal, and these properties are quantified for a metamict zircon megacryst. Detection of the weaker SAXS response expected from microfractures and networked defects requires the more intense X-rays of synchrotron-source radiation. C1 Geosci Australia, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. Australian Natl Univ, Dept Appl Math, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Claoue-Long, J (reprint author), Geosci Australia, GPO Box 378, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. NR 36 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 3 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0342-1791 J9 PHYS CHEM MINER JI Phys. Chem. Miner. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 30 IS 10 BP 631 EP 640 DI 10.1007/s00269-003-0352-0 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mineralogy SC Materials Science; Mineralogy GA 741ND UT WOS:000186463400007 ER PT J AU Iliescu, T Fischer, PF AF Iliescu, T Fischer, PF TI Large eddy simulation of turbulent channel flows by the rational large eddy simulation model SO PHYSICS OF FLUIDS LA English DT Article ID APPROXIMATE DECONVOLUTION MODEL; DIRECT NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; SCALE ESTIMATION MODEL; SUBGRID-SCALE; COMPLEX-GEOMETRY; REYNOLDS-NUMBER; MIXING LAYER; STATISTICS; EQUATIONS AB The rational large eddy simulation (RLES) model is applied to turbulent channel flows. This approximate deconvolution model is based on a rational (subdiagonal Pade) approximation of the Fourier transform of the Gaussian filter and is proposed as an alternative to the gradient (also known as the nonlinear or tensor-diffusivity) model. We used a spectral element code to perform large eddy simulations of incompressible channel flows at Reynolds numbers based on the friction velocity and the channel half-width Re(tau)=180 and Re(tau)=395. We compared the RLES model with the gradient model and the Smagorinsky model with Van Driest damping. The RLES model was much more stable than the gradient model and yielded improved results. Both the RLES model and the gradient model predicted the off-diagonal Reynolds stresses better than the Smagorinsky model with Van Driest damping. The latter, however, yielded better results for the diagonal Reynolds stresses. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Math, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Iliescu, T (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Math, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. NR 52 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-6631 J9 PHYS FLUIDS JI Phys. Fluids PD OCT PY 2003 VL 15 IS 10 BP 3036 EP 3047 DI 10.1063/1.1604781 PG 12 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA 720PB UT WOS:000185268200024 ER PT J AU Ristorcelli, JR AF Ristorcelli, JR TI The self-preserving decay of isotropic turbulence: Analytic solutions for energy and dissipation SO PHYSICS OF FLUIDS LA English DT Article ID GRID TURBULENCE; POWER-LAW AB Analytic solutions for the nonlinear single-point equations, describing the isotropic decay of turbulence, as first formulated by von Karman and Howarth [Proc. R. Soc. London, Ser. A 164, 192 (1938)] are given. The asymptotic solution indicates the self-preserving k(t)similar tot(-1) scaling demonstrated in the fixed-point analysis of Speziale and Bernard [J. Fluid Mech. 241, 645 (1992)]. The solutions are exact for a decay with Taylor microscale similarity in which the skewness and palinstrophy coefficients are constant. The approach to the k(t)similar tot(-1) decay, though not reached in finite time (mathematically speaking), is approached fairly rapidly for typical palinstrophies. An expression for the evolution of the Taylor microscale as a function of the Reynolds number and the palinstrophy is derived. Expansion of the exact solution for small time shows a slow departure from the initial condition, depending on the initial Taylor microscale Reynolds number, as seen in numerical solutions. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Ristorcelli, JR (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 13 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-6631 J9 PHYS FLUIDS JI Phys. Fluids PD OCT PY 2003 VL 15 IS 10 BP 3248 EP 3250 DI 10.1063/1.1604780 PG 3 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA 720PB UT WOS:000185268200043 ER PT J AU Park, J Nebel, RA Rellergert, WG Sekora, MD AF Park, J Nebel, RA Rellergert, WG Sekora, MD TI Experimental studies of electrostatic confinement on the intense neutron source-electron device SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID OSCILLATING PLASMA SPHERE; FUSION SYSTEMS; POTENTIAL WELL; EMISSIVE PROBE; PENNING TRAP; FLUID AB Theoretical works by Barnes and Nebel [R. A. Nebel and D. C. Barnes, Fusion Technol. 38, 28 (1998); D. C. Barnes and R. A. Nebel, Phys. Plasmas 5, 2498 (1998)] have suggested that a tiny oscillating ion cloud may undergo a self-similar collapse in a harmonic oscillator potential formed by a uniform electron background. By tuning the external radio-frequency electric fields to this naturally occurring mode, it is then possible to heat the ions to obtain very high densities and temperatures simultaneously during the collapse phase of the oscillation through adiabatic compression. However, a major uncertainty in this oscillating plasma scheme is the dynamics and stability of the background electrons in the virtual cathode. Recent work based on the electron fluid equations have demonstrated that the required electron cloud is susceptible to an instability that is analogous to the Rayleigh-Taylor mode present in fluid mechanics [R. A. Nebel and J. M. Finn, Phys. Plasmas 8, 1505 (2001)]. This paper describes an inertial electrostatic confinement device at Los Alamos National Laboratory that is being used to test the electron dynamics in a virtual cathode and will subsequently be used to verify this heating and compression scheme. Results from the device operation will be presented including the formation of deep potential wells and bifurcations in the potential equilibria. A simple model is used to explain this bifurcation. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Park, J (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Phys, MS E26, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 26 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD OCT PY 2003 VL 10 IS 10 BP 3841 EP 3849 DI 10.1063/1.1605740 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 723FU UT WOS:000185422500005 ER PT J AU Kaye, SM Bush, CE Fredrickson, E LeBlanc, B Maingi, R Sabbagh, SA AF Kaye, SM Bush, CE Fredrickson, E LeBlanc, B Maingi, R Sabbagh, SA TI Low- to high-confinement mode transitions in the National Spherical Torus Experiment SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID L-H TRANSITION; TOKAMAK; PLASMAS; DISCHARGES; THRESHOLD; TRANSPORT; DYNAMICS; REGIME AB Edge data from plasmas in the National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX) [S. Kaye , Fusion Technol. 36, 16 (1999)] have been compared to theories of transport suppression that have been used to develop a physics framework for low-confinement (L) to high-confinement (H) mode transitions. The NSTX data were obtained in low aspect ratio (R/asimilar or equal to1.3) discharges taken from a variety of discharge phases, including L-modes, L-H transitions and H-modes with and without edge localized modes. The comparisons show that the group of points taken just before the L-H mode transition are well mixed with the purely L-mode group to within the measurement uncertainties, indicating that changes in these parameters leading up to the transition are subtle. One of the theory parameters, alpha(MHD)=-Rq(2) dbeta(t)/dr, does show a clear threshold (alpha(MHD)=1 to 2) between the H-mode grouping of points and those remaining in the L-mode or taken just prior to the transition. Additionally, there is no evidence for an edge temperature threshold necessary for transitioning into the H-mode. NSTX data indicate further a possible connection between L-H transitions and nonambipolar beam ion losses. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Appl Math, New York, NY 10027 USA. RP Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RI Sabbagh, Steven/C-7142-2011 NR 28 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD OCT PY 2003 VL 10 IS 10 BP 3953 EP 3960 DI 10.1063/1.1608934 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 723FU UT WOS:000185422500020 ER PT J AU Hammett, GW Jardin, SC Stratton, BC AF Hammett, GW Jardin, SC Stratton, BC TI Non-existence of normal tokamak equilibria with negative central current SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID EXTREME SHEAR REVERSAL; CURRENT HOLE; RECONNECTION; JET AB Recent tokamak experiments employing off-axis, non-inductive current drive have found that a large central current hole can be produced. The current density is measured to be approximately zero in this region, though in principle there was sufficient current drive power for the central current density to have gone significantly negative. Recent papers have used a large aspect-ratio expansion to show that normal magnetohydrodynamic equilibria (with axisymmetric nested flux surfaces, non-singular fields, and monotonic peaked pressure profiles) cannot exist with negative central current. That proof is extended here to arbitrary aspect ratio, using a variant of the virial theorem to derive a relatively simple integral constraint on the equilibrium. However, this constraint does not, by itself, exclude equilibria with non-nested flux surfaces, or equilibria with singular fields and/or hollow pressure profiles that may be spontaneously generated. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Hammett, GW (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RI Jardin, Stephen/E-9392-2010; Hammett, Gregory/D-1365-2011 OI Hammett, Gregory/0000-0003-1495-6647 NR 19 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD OCT PY 2003 VL 10 IS 10 BP 4048 EP 4052 DI 10.1063/1.1608935 PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 723FU UT WOS:000185422500029 ER PT J AU Lewandowski, JLV AF Lewandowski, JLV TI Gyrokinetic simulations of microinstabilities in stellarator geometry SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC FIELD CONFIGURATIONS; DRIFT WAVES; ANOMALOUS TRANSPORT; INSTABILITIES; GRADIENTS; PLASMAS; MODES; SHEAR AB A computational study of microinstabilities in general geometry is presented. The ion gyrokinetic is solved as an initial value problem. The advantage of this approach is the accurate treatment of some important kinetic effects. The magnetohydrodynamic equilibrium is obtained from a three-dimensional local equilibrium model. The use of a local magnetohydrodynamic equilibrium model allows for a computationally efficient systematic study of the impact of the magnetic structure on microinstabilities. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Lewandowski, JLV (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 21 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD OCT PY 2003 VL 10 IS 10 BP 4053 EP 4063 DI 10.1063/1.1609987 PG 11 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 723FU UT WOS:000185422500030 ER PT J AU Campbell, RB DeGroot, JS Mehlhorn, TA Welch, DR Oliver, BV AF Campbell, RB DeGroot, JS Mehlhorn, TA Welch, DR Oliver, BV TI Collimation of PetaWatt laser-generated relativistic electron beams propagating through solid matter SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID ABSORPTION; PLASMA; LIGHT AB Particle-in-cell simulations aimed at developing methods to control the relativistic electron beam blowup observed in recent laser-plasma experiments are described. By radially layering vacuum gaps and/or dissimilar materials with varying ionizability, a negative radial gradient in plasma density would be formed. This gradient results in confining fields that can, in principle, confine the hot electron column to nearly the laser injection spot size. Fully kinetic ion dynamics are included, to account for heavy particle transport effects across interfaces. Potential applications include radiography, electron beam focusing, and perhaps beam collimation for fast ignition. Experiments are presently being planned to test this concept. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Plasma Res Grp, Dept Appl Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Mission Res Corp, Albuquerque, NM 87110 USA. RP Campbell, RB (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,MS1186, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 12 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD OCT PY 2003 VL 10 IS 10 BP 4169 EP 4172 DI 10.1063/1.1609444 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 723FU UT WOS:000185422500045 ER PT J AU Crease, RP AF Crease, RP TI The press is a foreign country SO PHYSICS WORLD LA English DT Editorial Material C1 SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Philosophy, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Crease, RP (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Philosophy, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8585 J9 PHYS WORLD JI Phys. World PD OCT PY 2003 VL 16 IS 10 BP 18 EP 18 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 730WB UT WOS:000185852200020 ER PT J AU Krause, MS De Ceuster, TJJ Tiquia, SM Michel, FC Madden, LV Hoitink, HAJ AF Krause, MS De Ceuster, TJJ Tiquia, SM Michel, FC Madden, LV Hoitink, HAJ TI Isolation and characterization of rhizobacteria from composts that suppress the severity of bacterial leaf spot of radish SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Raphanus sativus ID SYSTEMIC ACQUIRED-RESISTANCE; RHIZOCTONIA DAMPING-OFF; GROWTH-PROMOTING RHIZOBACTERIA; NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; PYTHIUM ROOT-ROT; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; PLANT-DISEASES; TRICHODERMA-HAMATUM; CONTAINER MEDIA; MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES AB Composts can induce systemic resistance in plants to disease. Unfortunately, the degree of resistance induced seems highly variable and the basis for this effect is not understood. In this work, only I of 79 potting mixes prepared with different batches of mature, stabilized composts produced from several different types of solid wastes suppressed the severity of bacterial leaf spot of radish caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. armoraciae compared with disease on plants produced in a nonamended sphagnum peat mix. An additional batch of compost-amended mix that had been inoculated with Trichoderma hamatum 382 (T(382)), which is known to induce systemic resistance in plants, also suppressed the disease. A total of 11 out of 538 rhizobacterial strains isolated from roots of radish seedlings grown in these two compost-amended mixes that suppressed bacterial leaf spot were able to significantly suppress the severity of this disease when used as inoculum in the compost-amended mixes. The most effective strains were identified as Bacillus sp. based on partial sequencing of 16S rDNA. These strains were significantly less effective in reducing the severity of this disease than T(382). A combined inoculum consisting of T(382) and the most effective rhizobacterial Bacillus strain was less effective than T(382) alone. A drench applied to the potting mix with the systemic acquired resistance-inducing chemical acibenzolar-S-methyl was significantly more effective than T(382) in several, but not all tests. We conclude that systemic suppression of foliar diseases induced by compost amendments is a rare phenomenon. Furthermore, inoculation of compost-amended potting mixes with biocontrol agents such as T(382) that induce systemic resistance in plants can significantly increase the frequency of systemic disease control obtained with natural compost amendments. C1 Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Dept Plant Pathol, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Dept Food Agr & Biol Engn, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Sci Terrae Res Inst, B-2860 St Kateljine Water, Belgium. RP Hoitink, HAJ (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Dept Plant Pathol, 1680 Madison Ave, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. EM hoitink.1@osu.edu RI Michel, Frederick/I-8554-2015 OI Michel, Frederick/0000-0002-6006-460X NR 57 TC 45 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD OCT PY 2003 VL 93 IS 10 BP 1292 EP 1300 DI 10.1094/PHYTO.2003.93.10.1292 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 724AZ UT WOS:000185465300013 PM 18944329 ER PT J AU Alm, TM AF Alm, TM TI Solution O-17 NMR study of thermal hydrolysis in nylon 6,6 SO POLYMER LA English DT Article DE NMR; O-17 NMR; hydrolysis ID OXIDATIVE-DEGRADATION; CHEMICAL-SHIFTS; WATER; DECOMPOSITION; POLYAMIDE-11; POLYMERS; BEHAVIOR; PRODUCTS; ACID AB The thermal hydrolysis of nylon 6,6 between 338 and 398 K was investigated using solution O-17 NMR spectroscopy. By performing the hydrolysis with isotopically O-17-enriched H2O, it is possible to easily identify the non-volatile oxygen-containing degradation products formed during the hydrolysis of nylon. For the aging temperature range investigated, the dominant oxygen-containing degradation species are carboxylic acids, consistent with the hydrolytic cleavage of the amide bond. These O-17 NMR studies allowed the temperature variation for the hydrolysis of the amide bond in nylon 6,6 to be determined with of the initial rate of carboxylic acid concentration production giving an energy of activation of similar to87 +/- 1 kJ/mol. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Organ Mat, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Alm, TM (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Organ Mat, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 34 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0032-3861 J9 POLYMER JI Polymer PD OCT PY 2003 VL 44 IS 21 BP 6531 EP 6536 DI 10.1016/j.polymer.2003.08.003 PG 6 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 725FH UT WOS:000185532800014 ER PT J AU Kim, J Ryba, E Bai, JM AF Kim, J Ryba, E Bai, JM TI Grazing incidence X-ray diffraction studies on the structures of polyurethane films and their effects on adhesion to Al substrates SO POLYMER LA English DT Article DE polyurethane; crystallization; adhesion ID BOND STRENGTH; TRANSCRYSTALLIZED INTERPHASE; CRYSTALLINE POLYPROPYLENE; EPITAXIAL CRYSTALLIZATION; THERMOPLASTIC COMPOSITES; FIBER SURFACES; HIGH POLYMERS; MORPHOLOGY; NYLON; MELT AB Grazing incidence X-ray diffraction was carried out to analyze the structure of polyurethane films as a function of X-ray penetration depth by varying the angle of incidence. Coherence lengths, interplanar spacings, and crystallinities were obtained for non-aged and aged films of OH numbers of 120, 375, and 600 bonded to an aluminum substrate. Aging led to the improvement of bulk crystallinity of all the samples, particularly in the case of the aged PU-375 film, for which a dramatic increase of the bond strength was observed. The crystallinity of non-aged samples varied from the air/polymer surface down to the polymer/aluminum interface. Invariance of coherence length from air surface to interface was observed for PU-120 and PU-375 samples, implying that substrate-induced ordering has little effect on the average crystallite size. As the X-ray penetration increases near the polymer/Al interface, interplanar spacing of (02 1) reflection in all the films approach the value found for a bulk polyurethane-urea by Ishihara et al. The bond strength of the polyurethane film to the aluminum was exponentially proportional to the crystallinity including the crystalline interphase formed near the substrate. It is also found that the polymer film containing more (100) planes provided higher bond strength. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, High Temp Mat Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Kim, J (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RI Bai, Jianming/O-5005-2015 NR 32 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0032-3861 J9 POLYMER JI Polymer PD OCT PY 2003 VL 44 IS 21 BP 6663 EP 6674 DI 10.1016/S0032-3861(03)00682-7 PG 12 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 725FH UT WOS:000185532800029 ER PT J AU Gillen, KT Celina, M Bernstein, R AF Gillen, KT Celina, M Bernstein, R TI Validation of improved methods for predicting long-term elastomeric seal lifetimes from compression stress-relaxation and oxygen consumption techniques SO POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY LA English DT Article DE compression stress relaxation; aging; lifetime prediction; Butyl rubber; O-rings; seals; Arrhenius extrapolation; oxygen consumption ID DIFFUSION-LIMITED OXIDATION; TIME DEVELOPMENT; EXTRAPOLATION; ARRHENIUS; PROFILES; MODEL AB Conventional high-temperature compression stress-relaxation (CSR) experiments (e.g., using a Shawbury-Wallace relaxometer) measure the force periodically at room temperature. In this paper, we first describe modifications that allow the force measurements to be made isothermally and show that such measurements lead to more accurate estimates of sealing force decay. We then use conventional Arrhenius analysis and linear extrapolation of the high-temperature (80-110 degreesC) CSR results for two commercial butyl o-ring materials (Butyl-A and Butyl-B) to show that Butyl-B is predicted to have approximately three times longer lifetime at room temperature (23 degreesC). To test the linear extrapolation assumed by the Arrhenius approach, we conducted ultrasensitive oxygen consumption measurements from 110 degreesC to room temperature for the two butyl materials. The results indicated that linear extrapolation of the high temperature CSR results for Butyl-A was reasonable whereas a significant curvature to a lower activation energy was observed for Butyl-B below 80 degreesC. Using the oxygen consumption results to extrapolate the CSR results from 80 degreesC to 23 degreesC resulted in the conclusion that Butyl-B would actually degrade much faster than Butyl-A at 23 degreesC, the opposite of the earlier conclusion based solely on extrapolation of the high-temperature CSR results. Since samples of both materials that had aged in the field for similar to20 years at 23 degreesC were available, it was possible to check the predictions using compression set measurements made on the field materials. The comparisons were in accord with the extrapolated predictions made using the ultrasensitive oxygen consumption measurements, underscoring the power of this extrapolation approach. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Gillen, KT (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 28 TC 66 Z9 70 U1 3 U2 31 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0141-3910 J9 POLYM DEGRAD STABIL JI Polym. Degrad. Stabil. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 82 IS 1 BP 25 EP 35 DI 10.1016/S0141-3910(03)00159-9 PG 11 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 717ZP UT WOS:000185120900003 ER PT J AU Frank, A Chau, H Lee, R Vitello, P Souers, PC AF Frank, A Chau, H Lee, R Vitello, P Souers, PC TI Reaction zones in ultrafine TATB SO PROPELLANTS EXPLOSIVES PYROTECHNICS LA English DT Article DE aluminum foil velocities; initition energy; run-to-detonation; reaction zone; Fabry-Perot interferometry ID DETONATION; JWL++ AB We have measured the particle velocity of aluminum foils placed between ultrafine TATB and lithium fluoride, where the TATB thicknesses are varied between 0 and 8 mm. Resolution is about +/-2 ns. The reaction zones are determined from the data, with 0.3 mm being the average. We suggest a 1-D analytical approach based on the idea that the initiating flyer must put in some minimum amount of energy over one reaction zone length. The energy is calculated three ways: flyer input, reaction zone to be filled and the P(2)tau initiation energy. Code calculations show the reaction zones rapidly growing in the region dominated by the fiver followed by a slow increase as the detonation takes hold. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Energet Mat Ctr, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Souers, PC (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Energet Mat Ctr, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 21 TC 2 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 3 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0721-3115 J9 PROPELL EXPLOS PYROT JI Propellants Explos. Pyrotech. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 28 IS 5 BP 259 EP 264 DI 10.1002/prep.200300014 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Applied; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 741RF UT WOS:000186470500006 ER PT J AU Ngu-Schwemlein, M Corzett, M Thornton, KH Balhorn, R Cosman, M AF Ngu-Schwemlein, M Corzett, M Thornton, KH Balhorn, R Cosman, M TI Extracellular domain of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) exhibits solvent-dependent conformational transitions SO PROTEIN AND PEPTIDE LETTERS LA English DT Article ID EXPERIMENTAL AUTOIMMUNE ENCEPHALOMYELITIS; MULTIPLE-SCLEROSIS; T-CELL; MYELIN/OLIGODENDROCYTE GLYCOPROTEIN; BASIC-PROTEIN; B-CELL; MODEL; PEPTIDE; SPECIFICITIES; LESIONS AB The conformation of the non-glycosylated recombinant form of the extracellar domain of rat MOG (rMOG(1-125)) dissolved in different solvent conditions was studied by CD spectroscopy. The results show that rMOG(1-125) exhibits a predominantly beta sheet conformation in aqueous buffer solution at pH 7.5 and that this 'beta-form' is stabilized by zwitterionic phospholipids, DPC and LPCP. The alpha helical content of the protein can increase from 9% to up to 20% when TFE or anionic detergent LPAP and SDS are added. C1 Univ S Alabama, Dept Chem, Mobile, AL 36688 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biol & Biotechnol Res Program, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Ngu-Schwemlein, M (reprint author), Univ S Alabama, Dept Chem, Mobile, AL 36688 USA. NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD PI HILVERSUM PA PO BOX 1673, 1200 BR HILVERSUM, NETHERLANDS SN 0929-8665 J9 PROTEIN PEPTIDE LETT JI Protein Pept. Lett. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 10 IS 5 BP 483 EP 490 DI 10.2174/0929866033478672 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 725XY UT WOS:000185568700008 PM 14561137 ER PT J AU Schwarzenbacher, R Canaves, JM Brinen, LS Dai, XP Deacon, AM Elsliger, MA Eshaghi, S Floyd, R Godzik, A Grittini, C Grzechnik, SK Guda, C Jaroszewski, L Karlak, C Klock, HE Koesema, E Kovarik, JS Kreusch, A Kuhn, P Lesley, SA McMullan, D McPhillips, TM Miller, MA Miller, MD Morse, A Moy, K Ouyang, J Robb, A Rodrigues, K Selby, TL Spraggon, G Stevens, RC van den Bedem, H Velasquez, J Vincent, J Wang, XH West, B Wolf, G Hodgson, KO Wooley, J Wilson, IA AF Schwarzenbacher, R Canaves, JM Brinen, LS Dai, XP Deacon, AM Elsliger, MA Eshaghi, S Floyd, R Godzik, A Grittini, C Grzechnik, SK Guda, C Jaroszewski, L Karlak, C Klock, HE Koesema, E Kovarik, JS Kreusch, A Kuhn, P Lesley, SA McMullan, D McPhillips, TM Miller, MA Miller, MD Morse, A Moy, K Ouyang, J Robb, A Rodrigues, K Selby, TL Spraggon, G Stevens, RC van den Bedem, H Velasquez, J Vincent, J Wang, XH West, B Wolf, G Hodgson, KO Wooley, J Wilson, IA TI Crystal structure of uronate isomerase (TM0064) from Thermotoga maritima at 2.85 angstrom resolution SO PROTEINS-STRUCTURE FUNCTION AND GENETICS LA English DT Article ID CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; SOFTWARE; SYSTEM C1 Scripps Res Inst, Joint Ctr Struct Genom, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. Stanford Univ, Joint Ctr Struct Genom, Menlo Pk, CA USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Menlo Pk, CA USA. Genom Inst Novartis Res Fdn, San Diego, CA USA. San Diego Supercomp Ctr, La Jolla, CA USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Wilson, IA (reprint author), Scripps Res Inst, Joint Ctr Struct Genom, BCC206,10050 N Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. RI Godzik, Adam/A-7279-2009 OI Godzik, Adam/0000-0002-2425-852X FU NIGMS NIH HHS [P50 GM62411] NR 14 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0887-3585 J9 PROTEINS JI Proteins PD OCT 1 PY 2003 VL 53 IS 1 BP 142 EP 145 DI 10.1002/prot.10462 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 717QK UT WOS:000185100700014 PM 12945057 ER PT J AU Corish, J Rosenblatt, GM AF Corish, J Rosenblatt, GM TI Name and symbol of the element with atomic number 110 - (IUPAC Recommendations 2003) SO PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID DISCOVERY AB A joint IUPAC-IUPAP Working Party (JWP) confirmed the discovery of the element with atomic number 110. In accord with IUPAC procedures, the discoverers proposed a name and symbol for the element. The Inorganic Chemistry Division recommended this proposal for acceptance, and it was adopted by the IUPAC Council at Ottawa, 16 August 2003. The recommended name is darmstadtium with symbol Ds. C1 Univ Dublin Trinity Coll, Dept Chem, Dublin 2, Ireland. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Corish, J (reprint author), Univ Dublin Trinity Coll, Dept Chem, Dublin 2, Ireland. NR 10 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 2 PU INT UNION PURE APPLIED CHEMISTRY PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA 104 TW ALEXANDER DR, PO BOX 13757, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-3757 USA SN 0033-4545 J9 PURE APPL CHEM JI Pure Appl. Chem. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 75 IS 10 BP 1613 EP 1615 DI 10.1351/pac200375101613 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 736LK UT WOS:000186172100014 ER PT J AU Xu, J Moxom, J AF Xu, J Moxom, J TI Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Positron and Positronium Chemistry, PPC-7 - Preface SO RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Xu, J (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008,MS 6142, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0969-806X J9 RADIAT PHYS CHEM JI Radiat. Phys. Chem. PD OCT-NOV PY 2003 VL 68 IS 3-4 BP 329 EP 329 DI 10.1016/S0969-806X(03)00179-8 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 729NB UT WOS:000185778900001 ER PT J AU Sterne, PA Larrimore, L Hastings, P Bug, ALR AF Sterne, PA Larrimore, L Hastings, P Bug, ALR TI New theories for positrons in insulators SO RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Workshop on Positron and Positronium Chemistry CY JUL 07-12, 2002 CL KNOXVILLE, TN ID O-PS LIFETIME; MOLECULAR SUBSTANCES; MONTE-CARLO; ANNIHILATION; SOLIDS; POTENTIALS; DEPENDENCE; CRYSTALS AB We present a novel path-integral Monte Carlo method for calculating ortho positronium lifetimes in insulators and illustrate the method with calculations for positronium in hard spheres, solid argon, and a simple zeolite structure. In argon, we find that the positronium wavefunction is compressed, suggesting that the contact potential may be larger than unity. We discuss the difference in physical pictures between our method and the widely used Tao-Eldrup model. and indicate how our approach can address complicated geometries and chemical effects. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Swarthmore Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Swarthmore, PA 19081 USA. RP Sterne, PA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808,L-415, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM sterne1@llnl.gov NR 32 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0969-806X J9 RADIAT PHYS CHEM JI Radiat. Phys. Chem. PD OCT-NOV PY 2003 VL 68 IS 3-4 BP 409 EP 414 DI 10.1016/S0969-806X(03)00192-0 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 729NB UT WOS:000185778900014 ER PT J AU Selim, FA Wells, DP Harmon, JF Kwofie, J Erikson, G Roney, T AF Selim, FA Wells, DP Harmon, JF Kwofie, J Erikson, G Roney, T TI New positron annihilation spectroscopy techniques for thick materials SO RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Workshop on Positron and Positronium Chemistry CY JUL 07-12, 2002 CL KNOXVILLE, TENNESSEE DE gamma ray induced positron annihilation spectroscopy; proton capture; electron linac AB The Idaho Accelerator Center (IAC) has developed new techniques for positron annihilation spectroscopy (PAS) by using highly penetrating gamma-rays to create positrons inside the material via pair production. Two sources of gamma-rays have been employed. Bremsstrahlung beams from small-electron linacs (6 MeV) were used to generate positrons inside the material to perform Doppler-broadening spectroscopy. A 2 MeV proton beam was used to obtain coincident gamma-rays from Al-27 target and enable lifetime and Doppler-broadening spectroscopy. This technique successfully measured stress/strain in thick samples, and showed promise to extend PAS into a variety of applications. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Idaho State Univ, Idaho Accelerator Ctr, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA. Boise State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Boise, ID 83725 USA. Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Selim, FA (reprint author), Idaho State Univ, Idaho Accelerator Ctr, Campus Box 8263, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA. RI Selim, Farida/N-8077-2016 NR 9 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0969-806X J9 RADIAT PHYS CHEM JI Radiat. Phys. Chem. PD OCT-NOV PY 2003 VL 68 IS 3-4 BP 427 EP 430 DI 10.1016/S0969-806X(03)00249-4 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 729NB UT WOS:000185778900017 ER PT J AU Hamza, A Asoka-Kumar, P Stoeffl, W Howell, R Miller, D Denison, A AF Hamza, A Asoka-Kumar, P Stoeffl, W Howell, R Miller, D Denison, A TI Development of positron diffraction and holography at LLNL SO RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Workshop on Positron and Positronium Chemistry CY JUL 07-12, 2002 CL KNOXVILLE, TENNESSEE DE positron annihilation; surface characterization; diffraction; holography ID LOW-ENERGY-POSITRON; ELECTRON-DIFFRACTION; SURFACES AB A low-energy positron diffraction and holography spectrometer is currently being constructed at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) to study surfaces and adsorbed structures. This instrument will operate in conjunction with the LLNL intense positron beam produced by the 100 MeV LINAC allowing data to be acquired in minutes rather than days. Positron diffraction possesses certain advantages over electron diffraction which are discussed. Details of the instrument based on that of low-energy electron diffraction are described. (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Denison, A (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Mail Stop L-280, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 4 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0969-806X J9 RADIAT PHYS CHEM JI Radiat. Phys. Chem. PD OCT-NOV PY 2003 VL 68 IS 3-4 BP 635 EP 638 DI 10.1016/S0969-806X(03)00253-6 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 729NB UT WOS:000185778900064 ER PT J AU Moxom, J Xu, J AF Moxom, J Xu, J TI A positron lifetime spectrometer for a DC positron beam SO RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Workshop on Positron and Positronium Chemistry CY JUL 07-12, 2002 CL KNOXVILLE, TENNESSEE DE positron lifetime spectroscopy; positronium; positron beam ID SI; ANNIHILATION; DEFECTS AB A lifetime spectrometer for use with an isotope-based DC positron beam is described. The system utilizes secondary electrons emitted from the sample and annihilation gamma rays to determine positron lifetimes. The device has been tested with porous silica films capped with a 25 nm layer of Cu. For positron implantation energies between 1.7 and 15 keV, the time resolution was found to be between 985 and 425 ps, respectively. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Xu, J (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008,MS 6142, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0969-806X J9 RADIAT PHYS CHEM JI Radiat. Phys. Chem. PD OCT-NOV PY 2003 VL 68 IS 3-4 BP 651 EP 654 DI 10.1016/S0969-806X(03)00287-1 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 729NB UT WOS:000185778900068 ER PT J AU Norman, MR Pepin, C AF Norman, MR Pepin, C TI The electronic nature of high temperature cuprate superconductors SO REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS LA English DT Review ID ANGLE-RESOLVED PHOTOEMISSION; T-C SUPERCONDUCTORS; MAGNETIC-FIELD DEPENDENCE; D-WAVE SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; VALENCE BOND STATE; FERMI-SURFACE; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; GAP ANISOTROPY; HIGH-T(C) SUPERCONDUCTORS; CONDENSATION ENERGY AB We review the field of high temperature cuprate superconductors, with emphasis on the nature of their electronic properties. After a general overview of experiment and theory, we concentrate on recent results obtained by angle resolved photoemission, inelastic neutron scattering, and optical conductivity, along with various proposed explanations for these results. We conclude by reviewing efforts which attempt to identify the energy savings involved in the formation of the superconducting ground state. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. CEA Saclay, SPhT, Orme Merisiers, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. RP Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM norman@anl.gov RI Norman, Michael/C-3644-2013 NR 270 TC 153 Z9 154 U1 7 U2 41 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0034-4885 EI 1361-6633 J9 REP PROG PHYS JI Rep. Prog. Phys. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 66 IS 10 BP 1547 EP 1610 AR PII S0034-4885(03)79354-3 DI 10.1088/0034-4885/66/10/R01 PG 64 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 738KP UT WOS:000186286100001 ER PT J AU Park, H Chang, CC Deng, BH Domier, CW Donne, AJH Kawahata, K Liang, C Liang, XP Lu, HJ Luhmann, NC Mase, A Matsuura, H Mazzucato, E Miura, A Mizuno, K Munsat, T Nagayama, Y van de Pol, MJ Wang, J Xia, ZG Zhang, WK AF Park, H Chang, CC Deng, BH Domier, CW Donne, AJH Kawahata, K Liang, C Liang, XP Lu, HJ Luhmann, NC Mase, A Matsuura, H Mazzucato, E Miura, A Mizuno, K Munsat, T Nagayama, Y van de Pol, MJ Wang, J Xia, ZG Zhang, WK TI Recent advancements in microwave imaging plasma diagnostics SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Review ID ELECTRON-CYCLOTRON EMISSION; EXPERIMENTAL TOKAMAK-UPGRADE; CROSS-POLARIZATION SCATTERING; ADIABATIC TOROIDAL COMPRESSOR; SCALE DENSITY-FLUCTUATIONS; TORE-SUPRA TOKAMAK; 10 TANDEM MIRROR; DIII-D TOKAMAK; T-E PROFILES; TEMPERATURE-FLUCTUATIONS AB Significant advances in microwave and millimeter wave technology over the past decade have enabled the development of a new generation of imaging diagnostics for current and envisioned magnetic fusion devices. Prominent among these are microwave electron cyclotron emission imaging, microwave phase imaging interferometers, imaging microwave scattering, and microwave imaging reflectometer systems for imaging T-e and n(e) fluctuations (both turbulent and coherent) and profiles (including, transport barriers) on toroidal devices such as tokamaks, spherical tori, and stellarators. The diagnostic technology is reviewed, and typical diagnostic systems are analyzed. Representative experimental results obtained with these novel diagnostic systems are also presented. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EURATOM, FOM, Inst Plasmafys Rijnhuizen, Trilateral Euregio Cluster, NL-3430 BE Nieuwegein, Netherlands. Natl Inst Fus Sci, Toki 5095292, Japan. Kyushu Univ, Adv Sci & Technol Ctr Cooperat Res, Kasuga, Fukuoka 8168580, Japan. Yokogawa Elect Corp, Ctr Corp Res & Dev, Dev Project Ctr, Musashino, Tokyo 1808750, Japan. Tohoku Univ, Elect Commun Res Inst, Sendai, Miyagi 9800812, Japan. RP Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM hpark@pppl.gov RI U-ID, Kyushu/C-5291-2016 NR 147 TC 54 Z9 55 U1 2 U2 18 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 EI 1089-7623 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 74 IS 10 BP 4239 EP 4262 DI 10.1063/1.1610781 PG 24 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 730RW UT WOS:000185844800001 ER PT J AU Priedhorsky, WC Borozdin, KN Hogan, GE Morris, C Saunders, A Schultz, LJ Teasdale, ME AF Priedhorsky, WC Borozdin, KN Hogan, GE Morris, C Saunders, A Schultz, LJ Teasdale, ME TI Detection of high-Z objects using multiple scattering of cosmic ray muons SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID CHAMBERS AB We demonstrate that high-Z material can be detected and located in three dimensions using radiographs formed by cosmic-ray muons. Detection of high-Z material hidden inside large volume of ordinary cargo is an important and timely task given the danger associated with illegal transport of uranium and heavier elements. Existing radiography techniques are inefficient for shielded material, often expensive and involve radiation hazards, real and perceived. We recently demonstrated that radiographs can be formed using cosmic-ray muons [K. N. Borozdin et al., Nature (London) 422, 277 (2003)]. Here, we show that compact, high-Z objects can be detected and located in three dimensions with ration radiography. The natural flux of cosmic-ray muons [P K. E Grieder, Cosmic Rays at Earth (Elsevier, New York, 2001)], approximately 10 000 m(-2) min(-1), can form useful images in similar to1 min, using large-area muon detectors like those used in high-energy physics. 0(C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Priedhorsky, WC (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. OI Priedhorsky, William/0000-0003-0295-9138 NR 10 TC 48 Z9 50 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 74 IS 10 BP 4294 EP 4297 DI 10.1063/1.1606536 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 730RW UT WOS:000185844800006 ER PT J AU Fan, S Kim, PC Lee, ER Lee, IT Perl, ML Rogers, H Loomba, D AF Fan, S Kim, PC Lee, ER Lee, IT Perl, ML Rogers, H Loomba, D TI A device for precision neutralization of electric charge of small drops using ionized air SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID ELEMENTARY-PARTICLES; AEROSOLS; SEARCH AB For use in our Millikan type liquid drop searches for fractional charge elementary particles we have developed a simple ionized air device for neutralizing a narrow stream of small drops. The neutralizer has been used for drops ranging in diameter from 10 to 25 mum. The width of the produced charge distribution is given by the Boltzmann equilibrium charge distribution and the mean of the distribution is set by a bias voltage. Using the bias voltage,. the mean can be set with a precision of better than e, the electron charge. The use of the neutralizer is illustrated in an application to mineral oil drops produced with charges of the order of 1000e. We also show the interesting case of silicone oil drops that are produced in our drop generator with a charge distribution narrower. than the Boltzmann equilibrium charge distribution, the charge distribution being broadened by the neutralizer. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Fan, S (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 74 IS 10 BP 4305 EP 4309 DI 10.1063/1.1606117 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 730RW UT WOS:000185844800009 ER PT J AU Taccetti, JM Intrator, TP Wurden, GA Zhang, SY Aragonez, R Assmus, PN Bass, CM Carey, C deVries, SA Fienup, WJ Furno, I Hsu, SC Kozar, MP Langner, MC Liang, J Maqueda, RJ Martinez, RA Sanchez, PG Schoenberg, KF Scott, KJ Siemon, RE Tejero, EM Trask, EH Tuszewski, M Waganaar, WJ Grabowski, C Ruden, EL Degnan, JH Cavazos, T Gale, DG Sommars, W AF Taccetti, JM Intrator, TP Wurden, GA Zhang, SY Aragonez, R Assmus, PN Bass, CM Carey, C deVries, SA Fienup, WJ Furno, I Hsu, SC Kozar, MP Langner, MC Liang, J Maqueda, RJ Martinez, RA Sanchez, PG Schoenberg, KF Scott, KJ Siemon, RE Tejero, EM Trask, EH Tuszewski, M Waganaar, WJ Grabowski, C Ruden, EL Degnan, JH Cavazos, T Gale, DG Sommars, W TI FRX-L: A field-reversed configuration plasma injector for magnetized target fusion SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID CONVERGING FLUX CONSERVER; THETA-PINCH; COMPRESSION; SYSTEM; MODEL AB We describe the-experiment and technology leading to a target plasma for the magnetized target fusion research effort, an approach to fusion wherein a plasma with embedded magnetic fields is formed and subsequently adiabatically compressed to fusion conditions. The target plasmas under consideration, field-reversed configurations (FRCs), have the required closed-field-line topology and are translatable and compressible. Our goal is to form high-density (10(17) cm(-3)) FRCs on the field-reversed experiment-liner (FRX-L) device, inside a 36 cm long, 6.2 cm radius theta coil, with 5 T peak magnetic field and an azimuthal electric field as high as 1 kV/cm. FRCs have been formed with an equilibrium density n(e) approximate to (1 to 2) X 10(16) cm(-3), T-e + T-i approximate to 250 eV, and excluded flux approximate to2 to 3 mWb. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87117 USA. RP Taccetti, JM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Wurden, Glen/A-1921-2017; OI Wurden, Glen/0000-0003-2991-1484; Hsu, Scott/0000-0002-6737-4934 NR 43 TC 36 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 74 IS 10 BP 4314 EP 4323 DI 10.1063/1.1606534 PG 10 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 730RW UT WOS:000185844800011 ER PT J AU Soukhanovskii, VA Regan, SP May, MJ Finkenthal, M Moos, HW AF Soukhanovskii, VA Regan, SP May, MJ Finkenthal, M Moos, HW TI Development of phosphor scintillator-based detectors for soft x-ray and vacuum ultraviolet. spectroscopy of magnetically confined fusion plasmas SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID ALCATOR C-MOD; SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION; TOKAMAK PLASMA; DIAGNOSTICS; EFFICIENCIES; DIVERTOR; SCREENS; POLYCHROMATOR; LUMINESCENCE; DISCHARGES AB Specialized soft x-ray and vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) diagnostics used to monitor impurity emissions from fusion plasmas are often placed in a very challenging experimental environment. Detectors in these diagnostics must be simple; mechanically robust; immune to electromagnetic interference, energetic particles, and magnetic fields up to several tesla; ultra-high-vacuum compatible; and able to withstand bakeout temperatures up to 300 degreesC. The design and the photometric calibration of a detector consisting of a P45 phosphor (Y2O2S:Tb), two incoherent fiber-optic bundles coupled with a vacuum feedthrough fiber-optic faceplate, and a photomultiplier tube (PMT) are reported. We have successfully operated the detectors of this type in novel soft x-ray and VUV diagnostics on several fusion plasma facilities. Measurements of the visible photon throughput of the silica/silica incoherent fiber-optic bundle; and the light loss associated with the coupling of the two fibers with the faceplate are presented. In addition, improved absolute measurements of the conversion efficiency of the P45/PMT photodetector based upon the use of a PMT with a bialkali photocathode instead of a multialkah one are presented for the soft x-ray and VUV range of photon wavelengths. The conversion efficiency is defined as the ratio of the photoelectrons ejected from the photocathode of a visible detector, which are excited by the scintillated photons that are emitted from the phosphor in a solid angle of 2,,7, to the number of soft x-ray photons incident on the phosphor. Sensitive electronic gain measurements of the PMT using the visible scintillated light from the P45 phosphor are compared with the gain measurements supplied by the manufacturer of the PMT, which were performed with a tungsten filament lamp operated at 2856 K. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Plasma Spect Grp, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Racah Inst Phys, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel. RP Soukhanovskii, VA (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 22 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 74 IS 10 BP 4331 EP 4335 DI 10.1063/1.1605493 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 730RW UT WOS:000185844800013 ER PT J AU Turner, JFC McLain, SE Free, TH Benmore, CJ Herwig, KW Siewenie, JE AF Turner, JFC McLain, SE Free, TH Benmore, CJ Herwig, KW Siewenie, JE TI Sample containment for neutron and high-energy x-ray scattering studies of hydrogen fluoride and related molecular species SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID LIQUID METHANOL; XENON HEXAFLUORIDE; IN-SITU; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; MULTIPLE-SCATTERING; PHOTON DIFFRACTION; POLYTETRAFLUOROETHYLENE; APPARATUS; DISORDER; WATER AB The design of a suite of sample cells and sample preparation facilities to investigate the structure and dynamics of chemically reactive molecular fluorides, using high-energy x-ray and neutron scattering, is reported. A detailed discussion of both the neutronic and chemical considerations is provided, in support of the choice of the material of cell construction for both structural and dynamical experiments. The discussion of this suite of equipment also includes a detailed design of a hybrid high-vacuum Schlenk line for sample preparation. These cells were specifically designed to study hydrogen fluoride but may be used for other species that exhibit similar chemical reactivity. Background considerations for liquid diffraction experiments are also discussed and show that in designing cells for liquid samples, or samples that contain a large structurally amorphous fraction, crystalline sample containment affords far more tractable data analysis. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Tennessee, Neutron Sci Consortium, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Spallat Neutron Source, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Turner, JFC (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Neutron Sci Consortium, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RI Herwig, Kenneth/F-4787-2011; OI McLain, Sylvia/0000-0002-3347-7759; Benmore, Chris/0000-0001-7007-7749 NR 70 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 74 IS 10 BP 4410 EP 4417 DI 10.1063/1.1611999 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 730RW UT WOS:000185844800025 ER PT J AU Young, JL Nelson, RO Kelly, JF AF Young, JL Nelson, RO Kelly, JF TI Radio frequency characterization of a split-ringed, electrically small electro-optical bulk modulator SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID LIGHT MODULATORS; SPECTROSCOPY AB A radio frequency characterization of a split-ringed, electro-optical modulator (EOM) is provided herein. This characterization is given in terms of electromagnetic simulation data, as obtained from a finite-difference, time-domain code, and a lumped element circuit model. The simulation data provides insight into the field structure within the cavity; the circuit model provides a simple, yet accurate set of design and analysis formulas that relate resonant frequency, voltage levels and power levels to the geometrical and material parameters of the cavity. To validate the claims made from the simulation data and circuit model, experimental data is also provided and a favorable comparison among all data sets is shown. It is concluded that the cavity under consideration can be made to resonate at low frequencies, without increasing the overall size of the cavity. Even though the price in doing so is a reduction in cavity Q and electro-optical crystal voltage, this split-ringed EOM is well,suited to an efficient thermal management scheme. Guidance is given on how to optimize the cavity in terms of voltage, Q, power levels, and voltage levels. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Idaho, MRC Inst, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Young, JL (reprint author), Univ Idaho, MRC Inst, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. RI Young, Jeffrey/B-1591-2017 OI Young, Jeffrey/0000-0001-6647-4303 NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 74 IS 10 BP 4529 EP 4535 DI 10.1063/1.1606538 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 730RW UT WOS:000185844800045 ER PT J AU Yang, MC Tang, DC Somorjai, GA AF Yang, MC Tang, DC Somorjai, GA TI Sample mounting and transfer mechanism for in situ IR-visible sum frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy in high-pressure ultrahigh vacuum system SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID REACTION CELL; ETHYLENE HYDROGENATION; PT(111); SURFACE; DEHYDROGENATION; CHAMBER; SFG AB We developed a sample mounting and transfer mechanism for studying heterogeneous catalytic reactions in a high-pressure ultrahigh vacuum system. The system is optimized for the use of sum frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy to probe surface species in situ during the reactions. The system allows wide-ranging working conditions: a pressure range between 4 X 10(-10) and 760 Torr and a temperature range between 200 and 1200 K. Rigid and reproducible sample positioning as well as precise temperature control can be achieved by compact designs of a sample holder and a sample mount incorporating ultrahigh vacuum compatible plugs. The performance of the system is demonstrated here by monitoring surface intermediates over time during cyclohexene catalytic reactions using a Pt(111) single crystal and sum frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Somorjai, GA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 15 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 74 IS 10 BP 4554 EP 4557 DI 10.1063/1.1606529 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 730RW UT WOS:000185844800050 ER PT J AU Hurth, T AF Hurth, T TI Present status of inclusive rare B decays SO REVIEWS OF MODERN PHYSICS LA English DT Review ID TO-LEADING-ORDER; LARGE TAN-BETA; DYNAMICAL SUPERSYMMETRY BREAKING; MINIMAL SUPERGRAVITY MODEL; PHOTON ENERGY-SPECTRUM; RIGHT-HANDED CURRENTS; HEAVY FLAVOR DECAYS; DIRECT CP ASYMMETRY; U-SPIN SYMMETRY; X-S-GAMMA AB Most inclusive rare B decays are important modes of flavor physics due to the small hadronic uncertainties. In this article, the author gives a status report on such decays, highlighting recent developments and open problems. The focus is on the decay modes B-->X(s,d)gamma, B-->X(s)l(+)l(-), and B-->X(s)nu(nu) over bar and on their role as laboratories in the search for new physics. The experimental data already available from CLEO and the B factories BABAR and BELLE are collected and discussed. The article then reviews the next-to-leading-log (NLL) and next-to-next-to-leading log (NNLL) QCD calculations of the inclusive decay rates that were recently completed and discusses future prospects, especially the issue of the charm-mass-scheme ambiguity. The phenomenological impact of these decay modes, in particular, on the CKM phenomenology and on the indirect search for supersymmetry, is analyzed. Direct CP violation in inclusive rare B decays is briefly treated, as are the rare kaon decays K+-->pi(+)nu(nu) over bar and K-L-->pi(0)nu(nu) over bar, which offer complementary, theoretically clean information. C1 CERN, Div Theory, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP CERN, Div Theory, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. EM tobias.hurth@cern.ch NR 285 TC 138 Z9 138 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0034-6861 EI 1539-0756 J9 REV MOD PHYS JI Rev. Mod. Phys. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 75 IS 4 BP 1159 EP 1199 DI 10.1103/RevModPhys.75.1159 PG 41 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 746QN UT WOS:000186757200003 ER PT J AU Kivelson, SA Bindloss, IP Fradkin, E Oganesyan, V Tranquada, JM Kapitulnik, A Howald, C AF Kivelson, SA Bindloss, IP Fradkin, E Oganesyan, V Tranquada, JM Kapitulnik, A Howald, C TI How to detect fluctuating stripes in the high-temperature superconductors SO REVIEWS OF MODERN PHYSICS LA English DT Review ID T-J MODEL; HIGH LANDAU-LEVELS; 2-DIMENSIONAL ELECTRON-GAS; QUANTUM PHASE-TRANSITIONS; MUON-SPIN-RELAXATION; STATIC ANTIFERROMAGNETIC CORRELATIONS; COPPER-OXIDE SUPERCONDUCTORS; QUASI-PARTICLE SCATTERING; 2-MAGNON RAMAN-SCATTERING; LIQUID-CRYSTAL PHASES AB This article discusses fluctuating order in a quantum disordered phase proximate to a quantum critical point, with particular emphasis on fluctuating stripe order. Optimal strategies are derived for extracting information concerning such local order from experiments, with emphasis on neutron scattering and scanning tunneling microscopy. These ideas are tested by application to two model systems-an exactly solvable one-dimensional (1D) electron gas with an impurity, and a weakly interacting 2D electron gas. Experiments on the cuprate high-temperature superconductors which can be analyzed using these strategies are extensively reviewed. The authors adduce evidence that stripe correlations are widespread in the cuprates. They compare and contrast the advantages of two limiting perspectives on the high-temperature superconductor: weak coupling, in which correlation effects are treated as a perturbation on an underlying metallic (although renormalized) Fermi-liquid state, and strong coupling, in which the magnetism is associated with well-defined localized spins, and stripes are viewed as a form of micro phase separation. The authors present quantitative indicators that the latter view better accounts for the observed stripe phenomena in the cuprates. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Princeton Univ, Dept Mol Biol, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RI Tranquada, John/A-9832-2009; Fradkin, Eduardo/B-5612-2013; OI Tranquada, John/0000-0003-4984-8857; Fradkin, Eduardo/0000-0001-6837-463X NR 346 TC 920 Z9 922 U1 17 U2 150 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0034-6861 EI 1539-0756 J9 REV MOD PHYS JI Rev. Mod. Phys. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 75 IS 4 BP 1201 EP 1241 DI 10.1103/RevModPhys.75.1201 PG 41 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 746QN UT WOS:000186757200004 ER PT J AU Wei, J AF Wei, J TI Synchrotrons and accumulators for high-intensity proton beams SO REVIEWS OF MODERN PHYSICS LA English DT Review ID ALTERNATING GRADIENT ACCELERATOR; POSITRON STORAGE-RINGS; CERN PS BOOSTER; SPACE-CHARGE; PARTICLE ACCELERATORS; COASTING BEAMS; BUNCHED BEAM; INSTABILITY; FIELD; SIMULATIONS AB During the past five decades, the development of accelerator science and technology sustained exponential growth in the energy and intensity of proton beams. Combined with an increasing repetition rate, the use of high-powered proton beams has extended from nuclear and high-energy physics to modern applications, including spallation-neutron production, kaon factories, nuclear transmutation, neutrino-factory drivers, and, in future, energy amplification and muon-collider drivers. This paper surveys the design and operational experience of existing and proposed proton facilities, summarizes physical and engineering issues limiting the efficiency of high-intensity synchrotrons and accumulators, reviews beam-dynamics topics pertaining to high-intensity performance, and discusses future applications and outlook. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Collider Accelerator Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Spallat Neutron Source Project, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Collider Accelerator Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM jwei@bnl.gov NR 257 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0034-6861 EI 1539-0756 J9 REV MOD PHYS JI Rev. Mod. Phys. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 75 IS 4 BP 1383 EP 1432 DI 10.1103/RevModPhys.75.1383 PG 50 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 746QN UT WOS:000186757200008 ER PT J AU Freedman, WL Turner, MS AF Freedman, WL Turner, MS TI Colloquium: Measuring and understanding the universe SO REVIEWS OF MODERN PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE; POWER SPECTRUM; IA SUPERNOVAE; REDSHIFT SURVEY; DARK-MATTER; COSMOLOGY; GALAXY; CLUSTERS; CONSTRAINTS; NEUTRINOS AB Revolutionary advances in both theory and technology have launched cosmology into its most exciting period of discovery yet. Unanticipated components of the universe have been identified, promising ideas for understanding the basic features of the universe are being tested, and deep connections between physics on the smallest scales and on the largest scales are being revealed. C1 Carnegie Inst Washington Observ, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA. Univ Chicago, Ctr Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, NASA, Fermilab Astrophys Ctr, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Carnegie Inst Washington Observ, 813 Santa Barbara St, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA. EM wendy@ociw.edu NR 44 TC 115 Z9 115 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0034-6861 EI 1539-0756 J9 REV MOD PHYS JI Rev. Mod. Phys. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 75 IS 4 BP 1433 EP 1447 DI 10.1103/RevModPhys.75.1433 PG 15 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 746QN UT WOS:000186757200009 ER PT J AU Mayo, MJ Suresh, A Porter, WD AF Mayo, M. J. Suresh, A. Porter, W. D. TI THERMODYNAMICS FOR NANOSYSTEMS: GRAIN AND PARTICLE-SIZE DEPENDENT PHASE DIAGRAMS SO REVIEWS ON ADVANCED MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB Unusual phases are often observed in nanocrystalline materials; these are often assumed to be metastable phases produced by non-equilibrium synthesis techniques. The present analysis shows that, in fact, some such phases are stable, and their presence can be rigorously predicted by thermodynamics. Using dilatometry and high temperature differential scanning calorimetry (HTDSC) on zirconia samples with varying grain sizes and yttria content, we are able to show that the tetragonal-to- monoclinic phase transformation temperature varies linearly with inverse crystallite/grain size. This shift, which traverses hundreds of degrees, obeys a simple thermodynamic model that adds an interfacial energy term to the total free energy of the system. The relevant thermodynamic parameters, such as the change in volumetric enthalpy and entropy, change in surface enthalpy and entropy, and the interfacial energy and strain energy change involved in the transformation, are calculated from experiment. The result is an ability to redraw the Y2O3 - ZrO2 phase diagram with crystallite/grain size as a third variable. C1 [Mayo, M. J.; Suresh, A.] Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Porter, W. D.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, High Temp Mat Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Mayo, MJ (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Engn, Bldg 090, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM mmayo@nas.edu FU U. S. Department of Energy [DE-FG02-98ER45700]; High Temperature Materials Laboratory User Program, Oak Ridge National Laboratory [DE-AC05-000R22725] FX This research was supported by the U. S. Department of Energy under contract No. DE-FG02-98ER45700 and the High Temperature Materials Laboratory User Program, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract number DE-AC05-000R22725. One of the authors (MM) would also like to thank Yuri Mishin of George Mason University for his compelling arguments that the LaPlace pressure was real and should not be ignored, despite failed attempts in the literature at measuring its effects in solids. NR 38 TC 45 Z9 48 U1 1 U2 13 PU INST PROBLEMS MECHANICAL ENGINEERING-RUSSIAN ACAD SCIENCES PI ST PTERSBURG PA BOLSHOJ 61, VAS OSTROV, ST PTERSBURG, 199178, RUSSIA SN 1606-5131 J9 REV ADV MATER SCI JI Rev. Adv. Mater. Sci. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 5 IS 2 BP 100 EP 109 PG 10 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA V34JK UT WOS:000209082500003 ER PT J AU Abrams, BL Thomes, WJ Bang, JS Holloway, PH AF Abrams, B. L. Thomes, W. J. Bang, J. S. Holloway, P. H. TI DEGRADATION OF NANOPARTICULATE-COATED AND UNCOATED SULFIDE-BASED CATHODOLUMINESCENT PHOSPHORS SO REVIEWS ON ADVANCED MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB Changes in the cathodoluminescent (CL) brightness and in the surface chemistry of nanoparticulate SiO2-coated and uncoated ZnS:Ag,Cl powder phosphor have been investigated using a PHI 545 scanning Auger electron spectrometer (AES), an Oriel optical spectrometer and a JEOL 6400 scanning electron microscope (SEM). The data were collected in a stainless steel UHV chamber with residual gas pressures between 1x10(-8) and 1x10(-6) Torr as measured by a Dycor LC residual gas analyzer (RGA). The primary electron current density was 272 mu A/cm(2), while the primary beam energy was varied between 2 and 5 keV. In the presence of a 2keV primary electron beam in 1x10(-6) Torr of water for both the SiO2-coated and the uncoated cases, the amounts of C and S on the surface decreased, that of O increased and the CL intensity decreased with electron dose. This surface chemistry change lead to the development of a surface dead layer and is explained by the electron beam stimulated surface chemical reaction model (ESSCR). The penetration range of the impinging low energy primary electrons is on the order of 10-100 nm creating a reaction region very close to the surface. The ESSCR takes this into account postulating that primary and secondary electrons dissociate physisorbed molecules to form reactive atomic species. These atomic species remove surface S as volatile SOx or H2S. In the case of an oxidizing ambient (i.e. high partial pressure of water), a non-luminescent ZnO layer is formed. This oxide layer has been measured to be on the order of 3-30 nm. In the case where the vacuum of 1x10(-8) Torr was dominated by hydrogen and had a low water content, there was a small increase in the S signal, no rise in the O Auger signal, but the CL intensity still decreased. This is explained by the ESSCR whereby H removes S as H2S leaving elemental Zn, which evaporates due to a high vapor pressure. In the case of ZnS:Ag,Cl coated with SiO2, morphological changes were observed on the surface after extended electron beam exposure. Erosion of ZnS occurs more dramatically at an accelerating voltage of 5kV even at the same current density. Uncoated ZnS:Ag,Cl phosphors exhibited similar surface chemical changes to that of SiO2-coated ZnS:Ag,Cl but did not degrade to the same extent. Also, no change in the surface morphology was observed. These SEM images as well as reaction rate data suggest that these nanometer sized SiO2 particles acted as a catalyst for decomposition of the ZnS especially in a reducing ambient (i.e. high hydrogen partial pressure). In order to reduce CL degradation of these and other phosphors, protective coatings were pulse laser deposited onto the phosphor surface. The effectiveness of these coatings was dependent upon both the thickness and the uniformity. Thicknesses of these coatings ranged from 1-5 nm and were uniform as determined using profilometry and TEM. C1 [Abrams, B. L.; Thomes, W. J.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Bang, J. S.; Holloway, P. H.] Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Abrams, BL (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800-1421, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM blabram@sandia.gov NR 25 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU INST PROBLEMS MECHANICAL ENGINEERING-RUSSIAN ACAD SCIENCES PI ST PTERSBURG PA BOLSHOJ 61, VAS OSTROV, ST PTERSBURG, 199178, RUSSIA SN 1606-5131 J9 REV ADV MATER SCI JI Rev. Adv. Mater. Sci. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 5 IS 2 BP 139 EP 146 PG 8 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA V34JK UT WOS:000209082500008 ER PT J AU Koenigsberger, G Moffat, AFJ Auer, LH AF Koenigsberger, G Moffat, AFJ Auer, LH TI Ultraviolet spectroscopy of the massive LMC multiple systems Sk-67 degrees 18 (Br 5) and HD 36402 (Br31) SO REVISTA MEXICANA DE ASTRONOMIA Y ASTROFISICA LA English DT Article DE galaxies : Large Magellanic Cloud; stars : binaries; stars : individual (Sk-67 degrees 18, HD 36402); stars : Wolf-Rayet; ultraviolet : spectra ID WOLF-RAYET STARS; LARGE-MAGELLANIC-CLOUD; BINARY HD 5980; ATMOSPHERIC ECLIPSES; COLLIDING WINDS; SPECTRAL CLASSIFICATION; HD-5980; SUPERGIANTS; EVOLUTION AB Following previous IUE-based spectroscopic studies of WR+O binaries in the Galaxy and in the SMC, we present a similar study of the two systems, Br5 [O3 If* (+O) + O8- B0I(+OB?)] and Br 31 [WC4(+O?) + O8 I:] in the Large Magellanic Cloud. We detect wind eclipse effects in the WC4+O (P = 3.033d) pair in Br 31 similar to, but weaker than those observed in the Small Magellanic Cloud system Sk 188 (WO4+O4 V). A low-amplitude (similar to 40 km s(-1)) variation in the radial velocity of UV photospheric absorption lines and the O V 1371 emission with the 3 day period is detected. The radial velocity variations of the photospheric lines may be due to the superposition of the stationary set of absorption lines belonging to the O8 I: star and a broader set of lines belonging to the O-type companion in the close binary pair. The UV continuum energy distribution of Br 31 also supports the optical results that the system contains at least 3 bright stars, one of which is a late O-type supergiant. Contrasting with Br 31, the absence of significant Si IV 1400 Angstrom emission in the UV spectrum of Br 5 contradicts the results from optical spectroscopy that imply that it is triple, with the presence of a late O-type supergiant in the system. Orbital phase-coverage of the IUE observations does not allow the detection of possible atmospheric eclipse effects in Br 5, with P = 2.001 d, but radial velocity variations attributable to orbital motion of the O3 If* star axe detected. C1 Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Ciencias Fis, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico. Univ Montreal, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3C 3A7, Canada. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Koenigsberger, G (reprint author), Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Ciencias Fis, Apdo Postal 48-3, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico. EM gloria@astroscu.unam.mx NR 42 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV NACIONAL AUTONOMA MEXICO, INST DE ASTRONOMIA PI MEXICO CITY PA APDO POSTAL 70-264, MEXICO CITY 04510, MEXICO SN 0185-1101 J9 REV MEX ASTRON ASTR JI Rev. Mex. Astron. Astrofis. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 39 IS 2 BP 213 EP 223 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 734NN UT WOS:000186062800007 ER PT J AU Lambrakos, SG Fonda, RW Milewski, JO Mitchell, JE AF Lambrakos, SG Fonda, RW Milewski, JO Mitchell, JE TI Analysis of friction stir welds using thermocouple measurements SO SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF WELDING AND JOINING LA English DT Article ID ALUMINUM-ALLOYS; FLOW; VISUALIZATION; MODEL AB The friction stir welding process is analysed via an inverse problem approach, using experimentally obtained thermocouple information to constrain the thermal field of the model. Using this approach, the thermal field is described by a convenient parametric representation, which is constrained in a self-consistent manner according to data from the outer regions of the weld (e.g. the heat affected zone). The thermal field is scaled using thermocouple measurements acquired during friction stir welding, and is then compared with the thermocouple measurements acquired at different locations. Various aspects of this inverse problem approach relevant to its application to friction stir welds using thermocouple measurements are discussed. C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Dept Mat Sci & Technol, Met Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. RP Lambrakos, SG (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Code 6324, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 20 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 5 PU MANEY PUBLISHING PI LEEDS PA HUDSON RD, LEEDS LS9 7DL, ENGLAND SN 1362-1718 J9 SCI TECHNOL WELD JOI JI Sci. Technol. Weld. Join. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 8 IS 5 BP 385 EP 390 DI 10.1179/136217103225005624 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 745CP UT WOS:000186671300010 ER PT J AU Hsueh, CH Hoffmann, MJ AF Hsueh, CH Hoffmann, MJ TI Devising a method of making actuators with reduced poling-induced tension SO SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL LA English DT Article DE actuators; ferroelectric ceramics; domain switching; stresses; poling effect ID PIEZOELECTRIC MULTILAYER ACTUATORS; ZIRCONATE-TITANATE CERAMICS; FINITE-ELEMENT-ANALYSIS; DEFORMATION; CAPACITORS; BEHAVIOR AB Domain switching of poled dielectric ceramics in actuators induces tensile stresses in the polarization direction in both the end margin and the end termination which, in turn, result in cracking and create a major reliability problem. A method of reducing these poling-induced tensile stresses is devised in the present study. This is achieved by dividing the poled region into blocks of poled region separated by bands of unpoled region. The stress field can further be modified by changing (1) the elastic constants of the bands of unpoled region, and (2) the geometry of the interface between the poled region and the end margin from a conventional flat plane to a curved one. The numerical simulation results are presented. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Karlsruhe, Inst Ceram Mech Engn, Karlsruhe, Germany. RP Hsueh, CH (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Hsueh, Chun-Hway/G-1345-2011 NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0924-4247 J9 SENSOR ACTUAT A-PHYS JI Sens. Actuator A-Phys. PD OCT 1 PY 2003 VL 107 IS 1 BP 14 EP 20 DI 10.1016/S0924-4247(03)00206-1 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 718LK UT WOS:000185147500003 ER PT J AU Song, SJ Wachsman, ED Rhodes, J Dorris, SE Balachandran, U AF Song, SJ Wachsman, ED Rhodes, J Dorris, SE Balachandran, U TI Numerical modeling of hydrogen permeation in chemical potential gradients SO SOLID STATE IONICS LA English DT Article DE hydrogen permeation; SrCe0.95Y0.05O3-d ID ELECTRICAL-PROPERTIES; TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; ELECTRONIC DEFECTS; MIXED CONDUCTORS; PROTON; SEPARATION; MEMBRANES; SRCE0.95EU0.05O3-DELTA AB A point defect model was used to describe the functional dependence of defect species in SrCe0.95Y0.05O3-d on hydrogen, water vapor, and oxygen partial pressure. Concentrations of each defect were simulated with a C programming code. The mobilities of protons, oxygen ions, and electrons were evaluated from partial conductivities. Hydrogen permeation equations derived from chemical diffusion theory were solved by a numerical modeling method. Accurate predictions of the hydrogen permeation flux were possible only when the functional dependence of ionic/electronic conductivity on both hydrogen and oxygen partial pressure was known. The dependence of hydrogen permeation flux on hydrogen potential difference agrees with the P-H2 dependence of electronic conductivity. Hydrogen permeation flux calculated for 1 mm SrCe0.95Y0.05O3-d was approximate to 1.50 x 10(-9) mol/cm(2) s under DeltaP(H2) (= 10(-7)-1 atm), P-O2 (= 10(-24)-10(-12) atm) with the same P-H2O (= 0.03 atm) on both sides at 973 K. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Wachsman, ED (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. NR 19 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2738 J9 SOLID STATE IONICS JI Solid State Ion. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 164 IS 1-2 BP 107 EP 116 DI 10.1016/j.ssi.2003.08.033 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 752BZ UT WOS:000187128100012 ER PT J AU Delshad, M Lenhard, RJ Oostrom, M Pope, GA AF Delshad, M Lenhard, RJ Oostrom, M Pope, GA TI A mixed-wet hysteretic relative permeability and capillary pressure model for reservoir, simulations SO SPE RESERVOIR EVALUATION & ENGINEERING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1999 SPE Reservoir Simulation Symposium CY FEB 14-17, 1999 CL HOUSTON, TEXAS SP Soc Petr Engineers ID PARAMETRIC MODEL; MULTIPHASE FLOW; POROUS-MEDIA; WETTABILITY; SYSTEMS AB A crucial component of all multiphase flow models is the relationship among relative permeabilities, fluid saturations, and capillary pressures. Relative permeability and capillary pressure parametric models can be very useful for predicting fluid behavior in porous media. However, relative permeabilities and capillary pressures used in oil reservoir simulators are commonly determined through interpolation between laboratory measurements. A problem with this approach is that the relations are valid only for the specific saturation path measured. Therefore, simulations of oil production using different saturation paths from those measured are likely to be in error and can limit the investigation of alternative production scenarios. In this paper, saturation-history-dependent relative permeability and capillary pressure functions for two-phase flow in mixed-wet rocks are discussed. Relative permeabilities are predicted by integrating a pore-distribution model between limits that reflect how oil and water are distributed in mixed-wet porous media. The proposed model was tested against mixed-wet capillary pressure data. The model then was incorporated in the U. of Texas Chemical Compositional Simulator (called UTCHEM) to compare waterflood simulations in water- and mixed-wet reservoirs. The simulation results agree qualitatively with laboratory core and field observations. The model and its implementation also were validated against a sandpack experiment. C1 Univ Texas, Ctr Petr & Geosyst Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Subsurface Flow & Transport Lab, Richland, WA USA. RP Delshad, M (reprint author), Univ Texas, Ctr Petr & Geosyst Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA. NR 27 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC PETROLEUM ENG PI RICHARDSON PA 222 PALISADES CREEK DR,, RICHARDSON, TX 75080 USA SN 1094-6470 J9 SPE RESERV EVAL ENG JI SPE Reserv. Eval. Eng. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 6 IS 5 BP 328 EP 334 PG 7 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Petroleum; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Geology GA 735WF UT WOS:000186137000004 ER PT J AU Maddalena, RL McKone, TE Riley, WJ AF Maddalena, RL McKone, TE Riley, WJ TI Is there a "forest filter effect" for organic pollutants? SO STOCHASTIC ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND RISK ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article ID PHOTODEGRADATION; ACCUMULATION; FOLIAGE C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Indoor Environm Dept, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Ernesto Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Maddalena, RL (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Indoor Environm Dept, 1 Cyclotron Rd Mail Stop 90-3058, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Riley, William/D-3345-2015 OI Riley, William/0000-0002-4615-2304 NR 10 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 1436-3240 J9 STOCH ENV RES RISK A JI Stoch. Environ. Res. Risk Assess. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 17 IS 4 BP 231 EP 234 DI 10.1007/s00477-003-0135-7 PG 4 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences; Statistics & Probability; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Mathematics; Water Resources GA 739ZC UT WOS:000186375600002 ER PT J AU MacLeod, M AF MacLeod, M TI On the influence of forests on the overall fate of semi-volatile organic contaminants SO STOCHASTIC ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND RISK ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article ID VEGETATION; MODEL C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP MacLeod, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,90R3058, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI MacLeod, Matthew/D-5919-2013 OI MacLeod, Matthew/0000-0003-2562-7339 NR 7 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 4 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 1436-3240 J9 STOCH ENV RES RISK A JI Stoch. Environ. Res. Risk Assess. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 17 IS 4 BP 256 EP 259 DI 10.1007/s00477-003-0142-8 PG 4 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences; Statistics & Probability; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Mathematics; Water Resources GA 739ZC UT WOS:000186375600009 ER PT J AU Wu, L Solovyov, SV Wiesmann, HJ Welch, DO Suenaga, M AF Wu, L Solovyov, SV Wiesmann, HJ Welch, DO Suenaga, M TI Twin boundaries and critical current densities of YBa2Cu3O7 thick films fabricated by the BaF2 process SO SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC-FIELD; ANISOTROPY; SUPERCONDUCTORS; DEPENDENCE; MECHANISMS; TRANSITION; GROWTH AB 2 mum thick epitaxial YBa2Cu3O7, YBCO, films on SrTiO3 substrates were prepared at the reaction temperatures of 725, 750 and 800 degreesC by the BaF2 process. The dc critical current densities of these films were found to vary by a factor of 2 at 77 K in perpendicular dc magnetic fields measured up to 1.5 T. The twin boundary spacing was essentially unchanged among these films while the size of Y2O3 precipitates in the films varied by a factor of similar to5. Also, the measured ratios of the lattice parameters, a/b, of the films were surprisingly larger than those found in standard fully oxygenated YBCO. This unusual property of the films appeared to be caused by the presence of the Y2O3 precipitates which provided a strain constraint in limiting the full tetragonal-to-orthorhombic phase transformation due to the oxygenation. Differences in the degree of the constraint possibly led to the observed difference in J(c) among these films. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Mat Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Wu, L (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Mat Sci, 76 Cornell Ave, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 32 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-2048 J9 SUPERCOND SCI TECH JI Supercond. Sci. Technol. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 16 IS 10 BP 1127 EP 1133 AR PII S0953-2048(03)62388-2 DI 10.1088/0953-2048/16/10/301 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 738BL UT WOS:000186266800003 ER PT J AU McCarty, KF AF McCarty, KF TI Growth regimes of the oxygen-deficient TiO2(110) surface exposed to oxygen SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE low-energy electron microscopy (LEEM); surface structure, morphology, roughness, and topography; epitaxy; growth; oxidation; titanium oxide; single crystal surfaces ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC SHEAR PLANES; ENERGY-ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; RUTILE TITANIUM-DIOXIDE; RE-OXIDATION; TEMPERATURE; DYNAMICS; PHASE; STM; RECONSTRUCTION AB We use low-energy electron microscopy (LEEM) to systematically investigate how the (I 10) surfaces of oxygen-deficient rutile crystals grow epitaxially when exposed to oxygen. Distinct growth processes occur, depending primarily on temperature and oxygen pressure. The temperature dependence of these growth regimes has been systematically determined for a slightly reduced crystal of medium-blue color. At high-temperature, TiO2 growth occurs by pure step flow without the nucleation of new islands. At relatively low-temperatures, crystal growth proceeds by two-dimensional islands nucleating and spreading laterally. In this layer-by-layer growth regime, the surface periodically oscillates between structures with I x I and I x 2 periodicity. The threshold temperature above which island nucleation does not occur depends upon the local terrace width. For a range of temperatures around the threshold, nucleation occurs on wide terraces but not on narrow terraces. We demonstrate how to use the different growth regimes to efficiently increase a crystal's oxygen content, smooth its surface, and synthesize island arrays and stacks. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP McCarty, KF (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, MS 9161,POB 969, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RI McCarty, Kevin/F-9368-2012 OI McCarty, Kevin/0000-0002-8601-079X NR 39 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD OCT 1 PY 2003 VL 543 IS 1-3 BP 185 EP 206 DI 10.1016/S0039-6028(03)01001-X PG 22 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 724TD UT WOS:000185502100022 ER PT J AU Rodriguez, JA Liu, P Dvorak, J Jirsak, T Gomes, J Takahashi, Y Nakamura, K AF Rodriguez, JA Liu, P Dvorak, J Jirsak, T Gomes, J Takahashi, Y Nakamura, K TI Adsorption and decomposition of SO2 on TiC(001): An experimental and theoretical study SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE carbides; density functional calculations; photoelectron spectroscopy; titanium carbide; sulphur; sulphur dioxide; surface chemical reaction ID SUPPORTED MOLYBDENUM CARBIDE; METAL-SURFACES; THIOPHENE HYDRODESULFURIZATION; NITRIDE CATALYSTS; CO ADSORPTION; CHEMISTRY; SULFUR; PHOTOEMISSION; REACTIVITY; MO(110) AB High-resolution photoemission, thermal desorption mass spectroscopy, and first-principles density-functional slab calculations were used to study the interaction of SO2 with a TiC(0 0 1) surface. At 140 K, SO2 adsorbs molecularly on TiC(0 0 1). Ti<---->C interactions prevent strong bonding between the Ti centers and the SO2 molecule. The heat of adsorption of SO, is in the range of 13-16 kcal/mol and most of the molecules desorb below room temperature. A fraction of the molecules undergoes full dissociation into S and O adatoms. The participation of the surface C sites in the dissociation reaction is a key element for the energetics of this process. Our results show that C can participate directly in desulfurization reactions on carbides instead of being a simple spectator or site blocker. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Porto, IFIMUP, P-4169 Oporto, Portugal. Tokyo Inst Technol, Mat & Struct Lab, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2268503, Japan. RP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, POB 5000, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM rodrigez@bnl.gov NR 45 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 EI 1879-2758 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD OCT 1 PY 2003 VL 543 IS 1-3 BP L675 EP L682 DI 10.1016/S0039-6028(03)00924-5 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 724TD UT WOS:000185502100003 ER PT J AU Holm, DD Hone, ANW AF Holm, DD Hone, ANW TI Nonintegrability of a fifth-order equation with integrable two-body dynamics SO THEORETICAL AND MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th International Conference on Nonlinear Evolution Equations and Dynamical Systems CY JUN 10-15, 2002 CL UNIV CADIZ, CADIZ, SPAIN HO UNIV CADIZ DE Hamiltonian dynamics; nonintegrability; elastic scattering; pulsons ID DIFFERENTIAL-EQUATIONS; EVOLUTION-EQUATIONS; PAINLEVE PROPERTY; SYMMETRY APPROACH; TRANSFORMATIONS; SYSTEMS AB We consider a fifth-order partial differential equation (PDE) that is a generalization of the integrable Camassa-Holm equation. This fifth-order PDE has exact solutions in terms of an arbitrary number of superposed pulsons with a geodesic Hamiltonian dynamics that is known to be integrable in the two-body case N = 2. Numerical simulations show that the pulsons are stable, dominate the initial value problem, and scatter elastically. These characteristics are reminiscent of solitons in integrable systems. But after demonstrating the nonexistence of a suitable Lagrangian or bi-Hamiltonian structure. and obtaining negative results from Painleve analysis and the Wahlquist-Estabrook method, we assert that this fifth-order PDE is not integrable. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Kent, Inst Math & Stat, Canterbury CT2 7NF, Kent, England. RP Holm, DD (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Div, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM dholm@lanl.gov RI Hone, Andrew/K-2989-2012; OI Hone, Andrew/0000-0001-9780-7369; Holm, Darryl D/0000-0001-6362-9912 NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU CONSULTANTS BUREAU PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5779 J9 THEOR MATH PHYS+ JI Theor. Math. Phys. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 137 IS 1 BP 1459 EP 1471 DI 10.1023/A:1026060924520 PG 13 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 743DT UT WOS:000186557700012 ER PT J AU Somorjai, GA Yang, MC AF Somorjai, GA Yang, MC TI The surface science of catalytic selectivity SO TOPICS IN CATALYSIS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference in Honor of Professor Sir John Meurig Thomas CY SEP 03-05, 2002 CL LONDON, ENGLAND DE catalysis science; catalytic activity; catalytic selectivity; surface structure; mobility; electron beam lithography; size reduction lithography ID SINGLE-CRYSTAL SURFACES; ELECTRON-BEAM LITHOGRAPHY; SUM-FREQUENCY GENERATION; ETHYLENE HYDROGENATION; STRUCTURE SENSITIVITY; PRODUCT DISTRIBUTION; PLATINUM; CO; PT(111); MODEL AB Catalysis science research employing model systems (single crystal surfaces) focused on understanding and enhancing catalytic activity (turnover rate). The catalyst surface structure and the mobility of adsorbed species are key ingredients that control activity. Catalytic selectivity is the focus of research in the foreseeable future to develop environmentally benign chemical processes that approach 100% selectivity. The catalyst surface structure, selective site blocking, bifunctional catalysis, and oxide-metal interfaces have been recognized as some of the features of reaction selectivity. New two-dimensional model catalyst systems are being fabricated by electron beam and photolithographies for molecular studies of selectivity. New methods are employed to develop three-dimensional high surface area catalysts with precise control of metal particle size, surface structure, and location in the mezopores. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Somorjai, GA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 34 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 13 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1022-5528 J9 TOP CATAL JI Top. Catal. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 24 IS 1-4 BP 61 EP 72 DI 10.1023/B:TOCA.0000003077.98309.cf PG 12 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 742ZG UT WOS:000186547500011 ER PT J AU Rickman, JE AF Rickman, JE TI LC/MS/MS measures perchlorate in 0.1-0.3 ppb range SO TRAC-TRENDS IN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT News Item C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Rickman, JE (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0165-9936 J9 TRAC-TREND ANAL CHEM JI Trac-Trends Anal. Chem. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 22 IS 10 BP VIII EP IX PG 2 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 741ZJ UT WOS:000186490000009 ER PT J AU Bontchev, PR Mehandjiev, DR Ivanova, BB Bontchev, RP AF Bontchev, PR Mehandjiev, DR Ivanova, BB Bontchev, RP TI A mononuclear complex of copper(II) with a calcium channel antagonist nifedipine. Synthesis, properties, crystal structure SO TRANSITION METAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CU(II) AB The complexation processes between the calcium channel antagonist drug nifedipine (Nif) and Cu-II lead to the formation of a mononuclear violet complex CuNif(2)Cl(2) (1). Monocrystals of (1) were isolated and their structure determined by X-ray diffraction. Copper is coordinated through N of the NH group of the ligand. The metal ion is coordinated also with two Cl) anions and the geometry of the CuN2Cl2 core is a near. at square. The magnetic and optical properties of (1) were also studied using electronic and i.r. spectra, e.p.r. and magnetochemical measurements. C1 Bulgarian Acad Sci, Inst Gen & Inorgan Chem, BU-1113 Sofia, Bulgaria. Univ Sofia, Fac Chem, Sofia 1164, Bulgaria. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Bontchev, PR (reprint author), Bulgarian Acad Sci, Inst Gen & Inorgan Chem, BU-1113 Sofia, Bulgaria. RI Bontchev, Panayot/A-4001-2008 NR 28 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0340-4285 J9 TRANSIT METAL CHEM JI Transit. Met. Chem. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 28 IS 7 BP 745 EP 748 DI 10.1023/A:1026061029474 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 728FQ UT WOS:000185706700003 ER PT J AU Blau, PJ Mclaughlin, JC AF Blau, PJ Mclaughlin, JC TI Effects of water films and sliding speed on the frictional behavior of truck disc brake materials SO TRIBOLOGY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE brakes; wet braking; sliding friction; friction material; disc brakes; transfer film ID PADS AB Friction materials for car and truck disc brake pads are typically complex composites containing metals, ceramics, and polymers that are designed to provide stable frictional performance over a range of vehicle operating conditions, exhibit acceptable wear life, and produce minimal noise and vibration. Despite the fact that brakes must operate under a variety of environmental conditions, most standardized and developmental laboratory tests for brake materials are conducted under dry sliding conditions. Studies of wet braking behavior are rare in the tribology literature. The present work investigated the frictional behavior of commercial truck brake pad materials sliding on gray cast iron simulated brake discs in the presence of water films. An instrumented sub-scale testing machine equipped with a water spray was used. There was a significant effect of water films on reducing pad/disc friction compared with dry tests on the same materials and at the same sliding speeds. The friction coefficient under water spray conditions was inversely proportional to the square of the sliding speed. The reduction of friction with increasing speed was principally due to hydrodynamic effects, although the water spray also reduced frictional heating and changed the nature of the transfer film formation on the cast iron contact surface. Frictional recovery occurred within seconds after the water spray was removed. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Blau, PJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, POB 2008,Mail Stop 6063, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 8 TC 44 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0301-679X J9 TRIBOL INT JI Tribol. Int. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 36 IS 10 BP 709 EP 715 DI 10.1016/S0301-679X(03)00026-4 PG 7 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 723UN UT WOS:000185450100001 ER PT J AU Prioli, R Jacobsohn, LG da Costa, MEHM Freire, FL AF Prioli, R Jacobsohn, LG da Costa, MEHM Freire, FL TI Nanotribological properties of amorphous carbon-fluorine films SO TRIBOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE carbon films; PECVD; lateral force microscopy; friction; surface energy ID FRICTION; COATINGS; TIP AB An investigation of the friction on the nanoscale was performed on amorphous carbon-fluorine films deposited by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition. A direct correlation between friction forces, measured by lateral force microscopy in air, and the contact angles of the films was observed. The dependence of friction on the relative scanning velocity was also studied. The results show that the friction dependence on the velocity is influenced by the films' surface wettability. It is also shown that as the fluorine content in the films increases, there is an increase in the dependence of friction on the scanning velocity. These results highlight the influence of the capillary condensation of water between the moving parts on the nanoscale friction. C1 Pontificia Univ Catolica Rio de Janeiro, Dept Fis, BR-22452970 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Freire, FL (reprint author), Pontificia Univ Catolica Rio de Janeiro, Dept Fis, Caixa Postal 38071, BR-22452970 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. OI Jacobsohn, Luiz/0000-0001-8991-3903 NR 14 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 6 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1023-8883 J9 TRIBOL LETT JI Tribol. Lett. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 15 IS 3 BP 177 EP 180 DI 10.1023/A:1024848816646 PG 4 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 704CT UT WOS:000184320700002 ER PT J AU Hershberger, J Ajayi, OO Fenske, GR AF Hershberger, J Ajayi, OO Fenske, GR TI X-rays as a tool for investigation of scuffing and boundary lubrication SO TRIBOLOGY TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Article DE scuffing; lubricant analytical techniques; fluorescence; X-ray diffraction ID MECHANISMS; TRIBOLOGY; OIL AB A suite of X-ray-based techniques has been adopted for the investigation of scuffing and other tribological failure modes. Depth-profiled X-ray diffraction, reflectivity, and fluorescence are being used to gather information on additive reaction film thickness, roughness, and electron density, presence and distribution of additive elements within those layers, identification of crystalline phases in the reaction film and subsurface material, and degree and depth of deformation. The differences between the samples and equipment used in development of this approach, and the production mechanical parts and laboratory X-ray systems, are discussed, with emphasis on application of the approach in industry. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Hershberger, J (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU SOC TRIBOLOGISTS & LUBRICATION ENGINEERS PI PARK RIDGE PA 840 BUSSE HIGHWAY, PARK RIDGE, IL 60068 USA SN 1040-2004 J9 TRIBOL T JI Tribol. Trans. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 46 IS 4 BP 550 EP 555 DI 10.1080/10402000308982662 PG 6 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 734WP UT WOS:000186081200013 ER PT J AU Suh, YD Schenter, GK Zhu, LY Lu, HP AF Suh, YD Schenter, GK Zhu, LY Lu, HP TI Probing nanoscale surface enhanced Raman-scattering fluctuation dynamics using correlated AFM and confocal ultramicroscopy SO ULTRAMICROSCOPY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Scanning Probe Microscopy, Sensors and Nanostructures CY MAY 26-29, 2002 CL LAS VEGAS, NEVADA DE AFM; SERS; spectral fluctuation dynamics; single-molecule spectroscopy; single-particle spectroscopy ID SCANNING OPTICAL MICROSCOPY; RHODAMINE 6G MOLECULES; EXCITATION PROFILES; ELECTRON-TRANSFER; CYTOCHROME-C; SPECTROSCOPY; SILVER; NANOPARTICLES; SERS; TIP AB We have studied the laser-excitation-intensity-dependent and Ag-nanocluster interstitial-site-dependent SERS intensity fluctuations under low molecule surface coverage of rhodamine 6G and cytochrome c. A new two-channel photon time-stamping system coupled with atomic force microscopic (AFM), Raman spectroscopic, and imaging microscopy was developed and applied to record Raman intensity fluctuation trajectories at sub-microsecond resolution correlated with in situ characterization of the nanoparticle clusters. Our experimental results suggest that the nanoconfinement of the local electromagnetic-field enhancement and the interaction of the local field with the molecules, presumably under rotational motions, result in nano-Raman fluctuations. The SERS spectral fluctuation was pertinent to the nanoscale local enhancement and local interaction of the molecules with the surface when the surface coverage of the nanoparticles was less than a monolayer, and the nanoscale interstitial space controlled the finite number of molecules to contribute the microscopic Raman signal collected from a diffraction-limited focus spot. The fluctuation amplitude significantly decreased with the number of molecules confined at the nanolocal field. The nano-SERS fluctuation dynamics were both photo-induced and spontaneous for rhodamine 6G, but only the photo-induced component was observable for cytochrome c. The fluctuation dynamics were also found to be highly inhomogeneous at interstitial sites with heterogeneous geometries. To interpret the observed nano-SERS fluctuation dynamics, we used computer simulation of optical multiple scattering, based on multi-sphere scattering Mie theory, and rotational diffusion of molecules at an interstitial site, based on a random walk in orientation space. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental Sci Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Lu, HP (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental Sci Div, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI Schenter, Gregory/I-7655-2014 OI Schenter, Gregory/0000-0001-5444-5484 NR 54 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 2 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3991 J9 ULTRAMICROSCOPY JI Ultramicroscopy PD OCT-NOV PY 2003 VL 97 IS 1-4 BP 89 EP 102 DI 10.1016/S0304-3991(03)00033-0 PG 14 WC Microscopy SC Microscopy GA 694PP UT WOS:000183783200012 PM 12801661 ER PT J AU Mertens, J Finot, E Thundat, T Fabre, A Nadal, MH Eyraud, V Bourillot, E AF Mertens, J Finot, E Thundat, T Fabre, A Nadal, MH Eyraud, V Bourillot, E TI Effects of temperature and pressure on microcantilever resonance response SO ULTRAMICROSCOPY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Scanning Probe Microscopy, Sensors and Nanostructures CY MAY 26-29, 2002 CL LAS VEGAS, NEVADA DE cantilever; gas sensor; Knudsen number; pressure; temperature ID FORCE MICROSCOPE CANTILEVERS; CHEMICAL SENSORS; DEPENDENCE; FREQUENCY AB The variation in resonance response of microcantilevers was investigated as a function of pressure (10(-2)-10(6) Pa) and temperature (290-390 K) in atmospheres of helium (He) and dry nitrogen (N-2) Our results for a silicon cantilever under vacuum show that the frequency varies in direct proportion to the temperature. The linear response is explained by the decrease in Young's modulus with increasing the temperature. However, when the cantilever is bimaterial, the response is nonlinear due to differential thermal expansion. Resonance response as a function of pressure shows three different regions, which correspond to molecular flow regime, transition regime, and viscous regime. The deflection in flow transition regime resulting from thermal variation has minimal effect on frequency. The frequency variation of the cantilever is caused mainly by changes in the mean free path of gas molecules. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Bourgogne, UFR Sci & Tech, Phys Lab, F-21078 Dijon, France. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. CEA, Dept Rech Mat Nucl, F-21120 Is Sur Tille, France. RP Finot, E (reprint author), Univ Bourgogne, UFR Sci & Tech, Phys Lab, 9,Rue A Savary,BP 47870, F-21078 Dijon, France. RI Mertens, Johann/I-4208-2015; OI Mertens, Johann/0000-0002-1312-8914 NR 20 TC 56 Z9 60 U1 1 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3991 J9 ULTRAMICROSCOPY JI Ultramicroscopy PD OCT-NOV PY 2003 VL 97 IS 1-4 BP 119 EP 126 DI 10.1016/S0304-3991(03)00036-6 PG 8 WC Microscopy SC Microscopy GA 694PP UT WOS:000183783200015 PM 12801664 ER PT J AU Marcus, MS Eriksson, MA Sasaki, DY Carpick, RW AF Marcus, MS Eriksson, MA Sasaki, DY Carpick, RW TI In-plane contributions to phase contrast in intermittent contact atomic force microscopy SO ULTRAMICROSCOPY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Scanning Probe Microscopy, Sensors and Nanostructures CY MAY 26-29, 2002 CL LAS VEGAS, NEVADA DE AFM ID TAPPING-MODE; FRICTION ANISOTROPY; ENERGY-DISSIPATION; NANOMETER-SCALE; MONOLAYER; SHEAR; SURFACE; FILMS AB Contrast in the phase response of intermittent-contact atomic force microscopy (IC-AFM) reveals in-plane structural and mechanical properties of polymer monolayers. This result is unexpected, as IC-AFM has previously only been considered as a probe of out-of-plane properties. Until now, AFM measurements of nanoscale in-plane properties have employed contact mode techniques. In-plane property measurements are possible with intermittent contact AFM because there is a small but significant component of tip motion parallel to the sample surface. This in-plane component of tip displacement is virtually universal in AFM, implying that oscillating-tip techniques generally are sensitive to in-plane material properties. We present a simple Hertzian model of intermittent-contact AFM that includes such an in-plane displacement. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Biomol Mat & Interface Sci Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Engn Phys, Mat Sci Program, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Rheol Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Eriksson, MA (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA. NR 33 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3991 J9 ULTRAMICROSCOPY JI Ultramicroscopy PD OCT-NOV PY 2003 VL 97 IS 1-4 BP 145 EP 150 DI 10.1016/S0304-3991(03)00039-1 PG 6 WC Microscopy SC Microscopy GA 694PP UT WOS:000183783200018 PM 12801667 ER PT J AU Doktycz, MJ Sullivan, CJ Hoyt, PR Pelletier, DA Wu, S Allison, DP AF Doktycz, MJ Sullivan, CJ Hoyt, PR Pelletier, DA Wu, S Allison, DP TI AFM imaging of bacteria in liquid media immobilized on gelatin coated mica surfaces SO ULTRAMICROSCOPY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Scanning Probe Microscopy, Sensors and Nanostructures CY MAY 26-29, 2002 CL LAS VEGAS, NEVADA DE atomic force microscopy; gelatin; MacMode; bacteria; Rhodopseudomonas palustris; in situ microscopy; cell immobilization ID ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; DNA-MOLECULES; MORPHOLOGY; MEMBRANE; CELLS AB Immobilization of particulates, especially biomolecules and cells, onto surfaces is critical for imaging with the atomic force microscope (AFM). In this paper, gelatin coated mica surfaces are shown to be suitable for immobilizing and imaging both gram positive, Staphylococcus aureus, and gram negative, Escherichia coli, bacteria in both air and liquid environments. Gelatin coated surfaces are shown to be superior to poly-L-lysine coated surfaces that are commonly used for the immobilization of cells. This cell immobilization technique is being developed primarily for live cell imaging of Rhodopseudomonas palustris. The genome of R. palustris has been sequenced and the organism is the target of intensive studies aimed at understanding genome function. Images of R. palustris grown both aerobically and anaerobically in liquid media are presented. Images in liquid media show the bacteria is rod shaped and smooth while images in air show marked irregularity and folding of the surface. Significant differences in the vertical dimension are also apparent with the height of the bacteria in liquid being substantially greater than images taken in air. In air immobilized bacterial flagella are clearly seen while in liquid this structure is not visible. Additionally, significant morphological differences are observed that depend on the method of bacterial growth. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37932 USA. Mol Imaging Inc, Tempe, AZ USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Biochem & Cellular & Mol Biol, Knoxville, TN 37932 USA. RP Doktycz, MJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Doktycz, Mitchel/A-7499-2011; Pelletier, Dale/F-4154-2011 OI Doktycz, Mitchel/0000-0003-4856-8343; NR 22 TC 130 Z9 135 U1 4 U2 54 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3991 J9 ULTRAMICROSCOPY JI Ultramicroscopy PD OCT-NOV PY 2003 VL 97 IS 1-4 BP 209 EP 216 DI 10.1016/S0304-3991(03)00045-7 PG 8 WC Microscopy SC Microscopy GA 694PP UT WOS:000183783200024 PM 12801673 ER PT J AU Passian, A Muralidharan, G Mehta, A Simpson, H Ferrell, TL Thundat, T AF Passian, A Muralidharan, G Mehta, A Simpson, H Ferrell, TL Thundat, T TI Manipulation of microcantilever oscillations SO ULTRAMICROSCOPY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Scanning Probe Microscopy, Sensors and Nanostructures CY MAY 26-29, 2002 CL LAS VEGAS, NEVADA DE AFM; miscellaneous methods; tip scanning instrument design and characterization; miscellaneous theories ID FORCE MICROSCOPY; THERMAL NOISE; CANTILEVERS AB Experimental observation of self-sustaining oscillations via a delayed feedback system is presented for a rectangular silicon microcantilever. The system is modeled as one and two-dimensional damped oscillator and the resulting delay differential equations are studied in frequency and time domain. The shortcomings of each model are outlined, and an improved formulation of the dynamics of the cantilever is presented. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Math, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Passian, A (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Bethel Valley Rd,Bldg 4500 S MS 6123, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Muralidharan, Govindarajan/J-6155-2015 NR 15 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3991 J9 ULTRAMICROSCOPY JI Ultramicroscopy PD OCT-NOV PY 2003 VL 97 IS 1-4 BP 391 EP 399 DI 10.1016/S0304-3991(03)00066-4 PG 9 WC Microscopy SC Microscopy GA 694PP UT WOS:000183783200045 PM 12801694 ER PT J AU Passian, A Warmack, RJ Wig, A Farahi, RH Meriaudeau, F Ferrell, TL Thundat, T AF Passian, A Warmack, RJ Wig, A Farahi, RH Meriaudeau, F Ferrell, TL Thundat, T TI Observation of Knudsen effect with microcantilevers SO ULTRAMICROSCOPY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Scanning Probe Microscopy, Sensors and Nanostructures CY MAY 26-29, 2002 CL LAS VEGAS, NEVADA DE Knudsen force; force measurement; atomic force microscopy; microcantilever sensors; rarefied gas; free molecular flow ID VACUUM; GAS AB The Knudsen effect is estimated theoretically and observed experimentally using a U-shaped silicon microcantilever. Though Knudsen forces are extremely small in most cases involving microcantilevers, there exist situations where these forces can be significant and may be important in atomic force microscopy and in microelectromechanical systems (MEMS). The criteria for the presence of Knudsen forces are outlined and an analytical expression in the form of a linear function of the pressure is given for the force in the free molecular regime. The experimental results display peaks in the transitional regime while varying linearly in the molecular regime. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Bourgogne, IUT Creusot, F-71200 Le Creusot, France. RP Passian, A (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Bethel Valley Rd,Bldg 4500 S MS 6123, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 9 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3991 J9 ULTRAMICROSCOPY JI Ultramicroscopy PD OCT-NOV PY 2003 VL 97 IS 1-4 BP 401 EP 406 DI 10.1016/S0304-3991(03)00067-6 PG 6 WC Microscopy SC Microscopy GA 694PP UT WOS:000183783200046 PM 12801695 ER PT J AU Headrick, JJ Sepaniak, MJ Lavrik, NV Datskos, PG AF Headrick, JJ Sepaniak, MJ Lavrik, NV Datskos, PG TI Enhancing chemi-mechanical transduction in microcantilever chemical sensing by surface modification SO ULTRAMICROSCOPY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Scanning Probe Microscopy, Sensors and Nanostructures CY MAY 26-29, 2002 CL LAS VEGAS, NEVADA DE microcantilevers; selective coatings; surface modification; chemical sensors ID MODIFIED CAPILLARY-ELECTROPHORESIS; MICROMACHINED CANTILEVERS; SENSORS; SEPARATIONS; SELECTIVITY; FABRICATION; STRESS; PHASES; FILMS; GOLD AB The use of chemically selective thin-film coatings has been shown to enhance both the chemical selectivity and sensitivity of microcantilever (MC) chemical sensors. As an analyte absorbs into the coating, the coating can swell or contract causing an in-plane stress at the associated MC surface. However, much of the stress upon absorption of an analyte may be lost through slippage of the chemical coatings on the MC surface, or through relaxation of the coating in a manner that minimizes stress to the cantilever. Structural modificatibn of MC chemical sensors can improve the stress transduction between,the chemical coating and the MC. Surfaces of silicon MC were modified with focused ion beam milling. Sub-micron channels were milled across the width of the MC. Responses of the nanostructured, coated MCs to 2,3-dihydroxynaphthalene and a series of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were compared to smooth, coated MCs. The analytical figures of merit for the nanostructured, coated MCs in the sensing of VOCs were found to be better than the unstructured MCs. A comparison is made with a previously reported method of creating disordered nanostructured MC surfaces. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Datskos, PG (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, 1 Bear Creek Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Lavrik, Nickolay/B-5268-2011 OI Lavrik, Nickolay/0000-0002-9543-5634 NR 37 TC 42 Z9 45 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3991 J9 ULTRAMICROSCOPY JI Ultramicroscopy PD OCT-NOV PY 2003 VL 97 IS 1-4 BP 417 EP 424 DI 10.1016/S0304-3991(03)00069-X PG 8 WC Microscopy SC Microscopy GA 694PP UT WOS:000183783200048 PM 12801697 ER PT J AU Muralidharan, G Wig, A Pinnaduwage, LA Hedden, D Thundat, T Lareau, RT AF Muralidharan, G Wig, A Pinnaduwage, LA Hedden, D Thundat, T Lareau, RT TI Absorption-desorption characteristics of explosive vapors investigated with microcantilevers SO ULTRAMICROSCOPY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Scanning Probe Microscopy, Sensors and Nanostructures CY MAY 26-29, 2002 CL LAS VEGAS, NEVADA DE atomic force microscopy ID TNT AB Understanding the kinetics of adsorption and desorption of explosive vapors such as TNT from surfaces is important in the design of sensors. We report for the first time, the adsorption-desorption characteristics of TNT from a Si-microcantilever exposed to vapors of TNT. It was observed that TNT readily sticks to the exposed Si surface with the adsorption kinetics showing an initial exponential behavior followed by roughly linear kinetics. It was also observed that for cantilever temperatures close to room temperature, TNT desorbs spontaneously from the surface with decaying exponential kinetics. Based on the known equilibrium partial vapor pressures of TNT, the "effective" sticking coefficient for the silicon oxide surface at room temperature under the experimental conditions was calculated to be about 0.02. This information can be very useful in the design of sensors and that of vapor-delivery systems. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. FAA, Atlantic City, NJ 08405 USA. RP Thundat, T (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Muralidharan, Govindarajan/J-6155-2015 NR 14 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3991 J9 ULTRAMICROSCOPY JI Ultramicroscopy PD OCT-NOV PY 2003 VL 97 IS 1-4 BP 433 EP 439 DI 10.1016/S0304-3991(03)00071-8 PG 7 WC Microscopy SC Microscopy GA 694PP UT WOS:000183783200050 PM 12801699 ER PT J AU Senesac, LR Corbeil, JL Rajic, S Lavrik, NV Datskos, PG AF Senesac, LR Corbeil, JL Rajic, S Lavrik, NV Datskos, PG TI IR imaging using uncooled microcantilever detectors SO ULTRAMICROSCOPY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Scanning Probe Microscopy, Sensors and Nanostructures CY MAY 26-29, 2002 CL LAS VEGAS, NEVADA DE IR imaging; microcantilever; IR sensors; IR detectors ID ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPE; ARRAYS; RADIATION AB Uncooled bimaterial microcantilever detectors were fabricated and used to obtain infrared (IR) images of objects at temperatures ranging from room temperature to a few hundred degreesC. Images were obtained using both single 50 mum x 50 mum microcantilever I R detectors and arrays of microcantilever detectors. Thermal radiation from the target object was imaged onto the detector and the resulting temperature change caused microcantilever bending due to the bimaterial effect. This micromechanical bending was measured using two different non-contact optical readout techniques and IR images were obtained. A smaller size (20 mum x 20 mum) microcantilever IR detector was also used to capture IR images of near room temperature objects. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Datskos, PG (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, 1 Bear Creek Rd,POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Lavrik, Nickolay/B-5268-2011 OI Lavrik, Nickolay/0000-0002-9543-5634 NR 27 TC 65 Z9 73 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3991 J9 ULTRAMICROSCOPY JI Ultramicroscopy PD OCT-NOV PY 2003 VL 97 IS 1-4 BP 451 EP 458 DI 10.1016/S0304-3991(03)00073-1 PG 8 WC Microscopy SC Microscopy GA 694PP UT WOS:000183783200052 PM 12801701 ER PT J AU Arakawa, ET Lavrik, NV Rajic, S Datskos, PG AF Arakawa, ET Lavrik, NV Rajic, S Datskos, PG TI Detection and differentiation of biological species using microcalorimetric spectroscopy SO ULTRAMICROSCOPY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Scanning Probe Microscopy, Sensors and Nanostructures CY MAY 26-29, 2002 CL LAS VEGAS, NEVADA DE microcantilever; anthrax; DNA; RNA; IR spectroscopy; CalSpec ID TRANSFORM INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS; PHOTOTHERMAL SPECTROSCOPY; CHEMICAL-DETECTION; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; IDENTIFICATION; MICROCANTILEVERS; CLASSIFICATION; BACTERIA; AGENTS AB We report on the application of infrared (IR) microcalorimetric spectroscopy (mu-CalSpec) to the identification and detection of trace amounts of biological species. Our approach combines principles of photothermal IR spectroscopy with ultrasensitive microcantilever (MC) thermal detectors. We have obtained photothermal IR spectra for DNA and RNA bases and for Bacillus Cereus (an anthrax simulant) in the wavelength range of 2.5-14.5 mum (4000-690 cm(-1)). The measurements are accomplished by absorbing biological materials directly on a MC thermal detector. The main advantage of the developed mu-CalSpec is its unprecedented sensitivity as compared to any of the previously explored IR techniques, including FTIR and photothermal FTIR methods. Our results demonstrate that < 10(-9) g of a biological sample is sufficient to obtain its characteristic mu-CalSpec spectrum that contains information-rich chemical (vibrational) signatures. This opens up a new opportunity to create inexpensive high-throughput analytical systems for biochemical detection. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Datskos, PG (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, 1 Bear Creek Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Lavrik, Nickolay/B-5268-2011 OI Lavrik, Nickolay/0000-0002-9543-5634 NR 33 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3991 J9 ULTRAMICROSCOPY JI Ultramicroscopy PD OCT-NOV PY 2003 VL 97 IS 1-4 BP 459 EP 465 DI 10.1016/S0304-3991(03)00074-3 PG 7 WC Microscopy SC Microscopy GA 694PP UT WOS:000183783200053 PM 12801702 ER PT J AU Rajic, S Corbeil, JL Datskos, PG AF Rajic, S Corbeil, JL Datskos, PG TI Feasibility of tunable MEMS photonic crystal devices SO ULTRAMICROSCOPY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Scanning Probe Microscopy, Sensors and Nanostructures CY MAY 26-29, 2002 CL LAS VEGAS, NEVADA DE photonic crystal; spectrally tunable; MEMS; SOI ID STRESS AB Periodic photonic crystal structures channel electromagnetic waves much as semiconductors/quantum wells channel electrons. Photonic bandgap crystals (PBC) are fabricated by arranging sub-wavelength alternating materials with high and low dielectric constants to produce a desired effective bandgap. Photons with energy within this bandgap cannot propagate through the structure. This property has made these structures useful for microwave applications such as frequency-selective surfaces, narrowband filters, and antenna substrates when the dimensions are on the order of millimeters. They are also potentially very useful, albeit much more difficult to fabricate, in the visible/near-infrared region for various applications when the smallest dimensions are at the edge of current micro-lithography fabrication tools. We micro-fabricated suspended free standing micro-structure bridge waveguides to serve as substrates for PBC features. These micro-bridges were fabricated onto commercial silicon-on-insulator wafers. Nanoscale periodic features were fabricated onto these micro-structure bridges to form a tunable system. When this combined structure is perturbed, such as mechanical deflection of the suspended composite structure at resonance, there can be a realtime shift in the material effective bandgap due to slight geometric alterations due to the induced mechanical stress. Extremely high resonance frequencies/device speeds are possible with these very small dimension MEMS. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Rajic, S (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Neilson Phys Bldg, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. NR 11 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3991 J9 ULTRAMICROSCOPY JI Ultramicroscopy PD OCT-NOV PY 2003 VL 97 IS 1-4 BP 473 EP 479 DI 10.1016/S0304-3991(03)00076-7 PG 7 WC Microscopy SC Microscopy GA 694PP UT WOS:000183783200055 PM 12801704 ER PT J AU Andersson, J Erck, RA Erdemir, A AF Andersson, J Erck, RA Erdemir, A TI Friction of diamond-like carbon films in different atmospheres SO WEAR LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th Nordic Symposium on Tribology (NORDTRIB 2002) CY JUN 09-12, 2002 CL STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN DE friction; tetrahedral amorphous carbon; diamond-like carbon; hydrogen; water; vacuum ID BORIC-ACID FILMS; SUPERLOW-FRICTION; TRIBOLOGICAL PERFORMANCE; DLC COATINGS; BEHAVIOR; WEAR; CHEMISTRY; HYDROGEN; SPEED AB Diamond-like carbon (DLC) films constitute a class of new materials with a wide range of compositions, properties, and performance. In particular, the tribological properties of these films are rather intriguing and can be strongly influenced by the test conditions and environment. In this paper, a series of model experiments are performed in high vacuum and with various added gases to elucidate the influence of different test environments on the tribological behavior of three DLC films. Specifically, the behavior of a hydrogen-free film produced by a cathodic arc process and two highly hydrogenated films produced by plasma-enhanced chemical-vapor deposition were studied. Flats and balls used in these experiments were coated with DLC and tested in a pin-on-disc machine under a load of 1 N and at constant rotational frequency. With a low background pressure, in the 10(-6) Pa range, the highly hydrogenated films exhibited a friction coefficient of less than 0.01, whereas the hydrogen-free film gave a friction coefficient of approximately 0.6. Adding oxygen or hydrogen to the experimental environment changed the friction to some extent. However, admission of water vapor into the test chamber caused large changes: the friction coefficient decreased drastically for the hydrogen-free DLC film, whereas it increased slightly for one of the highly hydrogenated films. These results indicate that water molecules play a prominent role in the frictional behavior of DLC films-most notably for hydrogen-free films but also for highly hydrogenated films. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Andersson, J (reprint author), Angstrom Lab, Tribomat Grp, POB 534, SE-75121 Uppsala, Sweden. EM joakim.andersson@angstrom.uu.se RI Andersson, Joakim/A-3017-2009 OI Andersson, Joakim/0000-0003-2991-1927 NR 33 TC 148 Z9 157 U1 8 U2 50 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0043-1648 J9 WEAR JI Wear PD OCT PY 2003 VL 254 IS 11 BP 1070 EP 1075 DI 10.1016/S0043-1648(03)00336-3 PG 6 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 723UA UT WOS:000185448900003 ER PT J AU Vianco, PT Stephens, JJ Hlava, PF Walker, CA AF Vianco, PT Stephens, JJ Hlava, PF Walker, CA TI Titanium scavenging in Ag-Cu-Ti active braze joints SO WELDING JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID COMPOUND LAYER GROWTH; COPPER; METAL AB Poor hermeticity was observed for Al2O3-Al2O3 braze joints using a Fe-29Ni-17Co alloy spacer and Ag-Cu-Ti active filler metal. Titanium was scavenged from the filler metal by formation of a (Fe, Ni, Co)-Ti "lacework" phase. The scavenging mechanism was further studied using braze joints made with elemental Fe, Ni, or Co spacers. The Fe spacer caused development of FexTiy phases at its interface but allowed a significant TixOy layer to form at the Ag-Cu-Ti/Al2O3 interface, resulting in 100% hermetic joints. The Co spacer caused a lacework phase and only intermittent TixOy reaction layer at the Ag-Cu-Ti/Al2O3 interface; 75% of the buttons were hermetic. The Ni spacer caused extensive scavenging of Ti, resulting in an absence of a TixOy layer at the Ag-Cu-Ti/Al2O3 interface and no hermetic joints. Braze joint mechanical strength correlated primarily with the presence or absence of the TixOy layer. The Fe, Ni, and Co spacer experiments suggested that lacework phase formation in Fe-29Ni-17Co/Ag-Cu-Ti joints was primarily a result of scavenging by the Ni and Co components of the spacer material. Mechanical strength behavior and poor hermeticity were commensurate with the absence of a TixOy reaction layer at the Ag-Cu-Ti/Al2O3 interface. An Fe or inactive metal barrier layer would provide a means to curtail the scavenging reaction. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Vianco, PT (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 17 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER WELDING SOC PI MIAMI PA 550 N W LEJEUNE RD, MIAMI, FL 33126 USA SN 0043-2296 J9 WELD J JI Weld. J. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 82 IS 10 BP 268S EP 277S PG 10 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 746VW UT WOS:000186769200016 ER PT J AU Simmons, SA Rickard, NH AF Simmons, SA Rickard, NH TI Fire effects on spiny hopsage in south central Washington SO WESTERN NORTH AMERICAN NATURALIST LA English DT Article DE hopsage; Grayia sphiosa; wildfire; shrub-steppe; Columbia River plabi ID CONSERVATION C1 Washington State Univ, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Simmons, SA (reprint author), Washington State Univ, 2710 Univ Dr, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIV PI PROVO PA 290 LIFE SCIENCE MUSEUM, PROVO, UT 84602 USA SN 1527-0904 J9 WEST N AM NATURALIST JI West. North Am. Naturalist PD OCT PY 2003 VL 63 IS 4 BP 524 EP 528 PG 5 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 754FW UT WOS:000187292900014 ER PT J AU Wolf, D Yamakov, V Phillpot, SR Mukherjee, AK AF Wolf, D Yamakov, V Phillpot, SR Mukherjee, AK TI Deformation mechanism and inverse Hall-Petch behavior in nanocrystalline materials SO ZEITSCHRIFT FUR METALLKUNDE LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATION; BOUNDARY DIFFUSION CREEP; PLASTIC BEHAVIOR; NANOPHASE METALS; STRAIN; SOLIDS; SIZE; NI AB It is widely accepted that for the very smallest grain sizes (typically below 20-30 nm), dislocations play no significant role in the deformation of nanocrystalline materials. However, the grain-boundary mechanisms responsible for the reported decrease in strength with decreasing grain size in this regime (the 'inverse Hall-Petch effect') remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate by molecular-dynamics simulation that, in the absence of both grain growth and any dislocations, nanocrystalline fcc metals deform via a mechanism involving an intricate interplay between grain-boundary sliding and grain-boundary diffusion. By quantitatively reproducing the well-known Coble-creep formula for coarse-grained materials, we show that the 'inverse Hall-Petch effect' arises from sliding-accommodated grain-boundary diffusion creep. Previous, apparently contradictory, suggestions that GB sliding, on the one hand, or GB-diffusion creep, on the other, are responsible for this behavior can thus be reconciled as originating from one and the same deformation mechanism. We discuss the reasons why we believe that these simulations also capture the room-temperature deformation behavior of nanocrystalline fcc metals in the absence of dislocation nucleation and microcracking. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Wolf, D (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM wolf@anl.gov RI Phillpot, Simon/J-9117-2012; OI Phillpot, Simon/0000-0002-7774-6535 NR 34 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 6 U2 24 PU CARL HANSER VERLAG PI MUNICH PA KOLBERGERSTRASSE 22, POSTFACH 86 04 20, D-81679 MUNICH, GERMANY SN 0044-3093 J9 Z METALLKD JI Z. Metallk. PD OCT PY 2003 VL 94 IS 10 BP 1091 EP 1097 PG 7 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 810IQ UT WOS:000220698400008 ER PT J AU Marohnic, CC Bewley, MC Barber, MJ AF Marohnic, CC Bewley, MC Barber, MJ TI Engineering and characterization of a NADPH-utilizing cytochrome b(5) reductase SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SITE-DIRECTED MUTAGENESIS; PYRIDINE-NUCLEOTIDE SPECIFICITY; SPINACH NITRATE REDUCTASE; NITRIC-OXIDE SYNTHASE; COENZYME SPECIFICITY; FERREDOXIN-NADP(+) REDUCTASE; BINDING-SITE; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; LACTATE DEHYDROGENASE; NEUROSPORA-CRASSA AB Microsomal cytochrome b(5) reductase (EC 1.6.2.2) catalyzes the reduction of ferricytochrome b5 using NADH as the physiological electron donor. Site-directed mutagenesis has been used to engineer the soluble rat cytochrome b5 reductase diaphorase domain to utilize NADPH as the preferred electron donor. Single and double mutations at residues D239 and F251 were made in a recombinant expression system that corresponded to D239E, S and T, F251R, and Y, D239S/F251R, D239S/F251Y, and D239T/ F251R, respectively. Steady-state turnover measurements indicated that D239S/F251Y was bispecific while D239T, D239S/F251R, and D239T/F251R were each NADPH-specific. Wild-type (WT) cytochrome b5 reductase showed a 3700-fold preference for NADH whereas the mutant with the highest NADPH efficiency, D239T, showed an 11-fold preference for NADPH, a 39200-fold increase. Wild-type cytochrome b5 reductase only formed a stable charge-transfer complex with NADH while D239T formed complexes with both NADH and NADPH. The rates of hydride ion transfer, determined by stopped-flow kinetics, were k(NADH-WT) = 130 s(-1), k(NADPH-WT) = 5 s(-1), k(NADH-D239T) = 180 s(-1), and k(NADPH-D239T) = 73 s(-1). K-s determinations by differential spectroscopy demonstrated that D239T could bind nonreducing pyridine nucleotides with a phosphate or a hydroxyl substituent at the 2' position, whereas wild-type cytochrome b5 reductase would only bind 2' hydroxylated molecules. Oxidation-reduction potentials (E-o', n = 2) for the flavin cofactor were WT = -268 mV, D239T = -272 mV, WT(+)NAD(+) = -190 mV, D239T+NAD(+) = -206 mV, WT+NADP(+) = -253 mV, and D239T+NADP(+) = -215 mV, which demonstrated the thermodynamic contribution of NADP(+) binding to D239T. The crystal structures of D239T and D239T in complex with NAD(+) indicated that the loss of the negative electrostatic surface that precluded 2' phosphate binding in the wild-type enzyme was primarily responsible for the observed improvement in the use of NADPH by the D239T mutant. C1 Univ S Florida, Coll Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Tampa, FL 33612 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Barber, MJ (reprint author), Univ S Florida, Coll Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, 12901 Bruce B Downs Blvd,MDC Box 7, Tampa, FL 33612 USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM 32696] NR 60 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD SEP 30 PY 2003 VL 42 IS 38 BP 11170 EP 11182 DI 10.1021/bi034819b PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 726HC UT WOS:000185592000009 PM 14503867 ER PT J AU James, SC Chrysikopoulos, CV AF James, SC Chrysikopoulos, CV TI Analytical solutions for monodisperse and polydisperse colloid transport in uniform fractures SO COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS LA English DT Article DE analytical solutions; uniform fracture; monodisperse colloids; polydisperse colloids; effective parameters; filtration ID FACILITATED CONTAMINANT TRANSPORT; SPATIALLY-VARIABLE APERTURE; 2-DIMENSIONAL CHANNEL FLOW; POROUS-MEDIA; SINGLE FRACTURE; CONCENTRATED SUSPENSIONS; CONVECTIVE DIFFUSION; SATURATED FRACTURES; TAYLOR DISPERSION; SIZE DISTRIBUTION AB Analytical solutions are derived describing the transport of suspensions of monodisperse as well as polydisperse colloid plumes of neutral buoyancy within a fracture with uniform aperture. Various initial and boundary conditions are considered. It is shown that both the finite colloid size and the characteristics of the colloid diameter distribution significantly affect the shape of colloid concentration breakthrough curves. Furthermore, increasing the standard deviation of the colloid diameter enhances colloid spreading and increases the number of attached colloids when colloid-wall interactions are taken into account. Excellent agreement between available experimental data and the analytical solution for the case of an instantaneous release of monodisperse colloids in a natural fracture is observed. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Geohydrol Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. RP James, SC (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Geohydrol Dept, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RI Chrysikopoulos, Constantinos/F-1783-2013; OI Chrysikopoulos, Constantinos/0000-0003-4722-8697; James, Scott/0000-0001-7955-0491 NR 56 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-7757 J9 COLLOID SURFACE A JI Colloid Surf. A-Physicochem. Eng. Asp. PD SEP 30 PY 2003 VL 226 IS 1-3 BP 101 EP 118 DI 10.1016/S0927-7757(03)00316-9 PG 18 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 743EN UT WOS:000186559600012 ER PT J AU Saar, MO Manga, M AF Saar, MO Manga, M TI Seismicity induced by seasonal groundwater recharge at Mt. Hood, Oregon SO EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS LA English DT Article DE hydroseismicit; groundwater; pore-fluid pressure; permeability; effective stress; volcano; triggering; stress; earthquake; recharge ID RESERVOIR-INDUCED SEISMICITY; SPRING-DOMINATED STREAMS; EARTHQUAKE OCCURRENCE; DENVER EARTHQUAKES; CASCADE RANGE; STRESS; CALIFORNIA; MODEL; FLOW; DISCHARGE AB Groundwater recharge at Mt. Hood, Oregon, is dominated by spring snow melt which provides a natural large-amplitude and narrow-width pore-fluid pressure signal. Time delays between this seasonal groundwater recharge and seismicity triggered by groundwater recharge can thus be used to estimate large-scale hydraulic diffusivities and the state of stress in the crust. We approximate seasonal variations in groundwater recharge with discharge in runoff-dominated streams at high elevations. We interpolate the time series of number of earthquakes, N, seismic moment, M-o, and stream discharge, Q, and determine cross-correlation coefficients at equivalent frequency bands between Q and both N and M-o. We find statistically significant correlation coefficients at a mean time lag of about 151 days. This time lag and a mean earthquake depth of about 4.5 km are used in the solution to the pressure diffusion equation, under periodic (I year) boundary conditions, to estimate a hydraulic diffusivity of kappa approximate to 10(-1) m(2)/s, a hydraulic conductivity of about K-h approximate to 10(-7) m/s, and a permeability of about k approximate to 10(-15) m(2). Periodic boundary conditions also allow us to determine a critical pore-fluid pressure fraction, P'/P-0 = 0.1, of the applied near-surface pore-fluid pressure perturbation, P-0 approximate to 0.1 MPa, that has to be reached at the mean earthquake depth to cause hydroseismicity. The low magnitude of P' approximate to 0.01 MPa is consistent with other studies that propose 0.01 less than or equal to P' less than or equal to 0.1 MPa and suggests that the state of stress in the crust near Mt. Hood could be near critical for failure. Therefore, we conclude that, while earthquakes occur throughout the year at Mt. Hood, elevated seismicity levels along pre-existing faults south of Mt. Hood during summer months are hydrologically induced by a reduction in effective stress. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Saar, MO (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Manga, Michael/D-3847-2013; Saar, Martin/F-3542-2014; OI Saar, Martin/0000-0002-4869-6452; Manga, Michael/0000-0003-3286-4682 NR 52 TC 81 Z9 85 U1 5 U2 24 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0012-821X J9 EARTH PLANET SC LETT JI Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. PD SEP 30 PY 2003 VL 214 IS 3-4 BP 605 EP 618 DI 10.1016/S0012-821X(03)00418-7 PG 14 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 725PA UT WOS:000185550500017 ER PT J AU Rutherford, SW Nguyen, C Coons, JE Do, DD AF Rutherford, SW Nguyen, C Coons, JE Do, DD TI Characterization of carbon molecular sieves using methane and carbon dioxide as adsorptive probes SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID AIR SEPARATION; KINETIC SELECTIVITY; ACTIVATED CARBONS; DIFFUSION; GASES; CO2; DYNAMICS; MODEL AB Nitrogen adsorption at 77 K is the current standard means for pore size determination of adsorbent materials. However, nitrogen adsorption reaches limitations when dealing with materials such as molecular sieving carbon with a high degree of ultramicroporosity. In this investigation, methane and carbon dioxide adsorption is explored as a possible alternative to the standard nitrogen probe. Methane and carbon dioxide adsorption equilibria and kinetics are measured in a commercially derived carbon molecular sieve over a range of temperatures. The pore size distribution is determined from the adsorption equilibrium, and the kinetics of adsorption is shown to be Fickian for carbon dioxide and non-Fickian for methane. The non-Fickian response is attributed to transport resistance at the pore mouth experienced by the methane molecules but not by the carbon dioxide molecules. Additionally, the change in the rate of adsorption with loading is characterized by the Darken relation in the case of carbon dioxide diffusion but is greater than that predicted by the Darken relation for methane transport. Furthermore, the proposition of inkbottle-shaped micropores in molecular sieving carbon is supported by the determination of the activation energy for the transport of methane and subsequent sizing of the pore-mouth barrier by molecular potential calculations. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Engn Sci & Applicat Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. CSIRO Mfg & Infrastruct Technol, Clayton, Vic 3168, Australia. Univ Queensland, Dept Chem Engn, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia. RP Rutherford, SW (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Engn Sci & Applicat Div, MS C930, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Coons, Jim/G-5159-2011; Do, Duong/C-4636-2013; OI Coons, Jim/0000-0003-1392-298X NR 33 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD SEP 30 PY 2003 VL 19 IS 20 BP 8335 EP 8342 DI 10.1021/la034472d PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 727ZK UT WOS:000185690600031 ER PT J AU Burns, AR AF Burns, AR TI Domain structure in model membrane bilayers investigated by simultaneous atomic force microscopy and fluorescence imaging SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID SCANNING OPTICAL MICROSCOPY; GANGLIOSIDE GM1 DOMAINS; CELL PLASMA-MEMBRANES; GPI-ANCHORED PROTEINS; LIPID RAFTS; MONOLAYERS; CHOLESTEROL; RESOLUTION; PHOSPHATIDYLCHOLINE; ORGANIZATION AB Simultaneous atomic force microscope (AFM) and submicron confocal fluorescence imaging of 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) lipid domain structures in 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero3-phosphocholine (DOPC) is presented. Lipids labeled by fluorescent probes either at the headgroups or tailgroups enable domain contrast in fluorescence imaging on the basis of partitioning between the gel (DPPC) and disordered liquid (DOPC) phases. However, correlation with AFM topographic information reveals that they do not always faithfully report exact gel domain size or shape. Furthermore, we find that the fluorescence contrast decreases significantly with domain size, such that small domains observed with AFM are not observed in fluorescence images despite adequate optical resolution. We attribute these effects in part to broadened partitioning of the probe lipids across the domain boundaries. Binding of fluorescent Alexa 488-conjugated cholera toxin B subunits to GM1 gangliosides in DPPC domains correlates well with AFM topographic information to the limit of optical resolution. However, it also may reveal the presence of dilute GM1 components in the fluid phase that have no topographic contrast. In all cases, the complete correlation of topographic and fluorescence images provides evidence that gel-phase domains occur across both leaflets of the bilayer. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Biomol Mat & Interfaces Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Burns, AR (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Biomol Mat & Interfaces Dept, MS 1413, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 41 TC 52 Z9 54 U1 2 U2 14 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD SEP 30 PY 2003 VL 19 IS 20 BP 8358 EP 8363 DI 10.1021/la030175x PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 727ZK UT WOS:000185690600034 ER PT J AU Winesett, DA Story, S Luning, J Ade, H AF Winesett, DA Story, S Luning, J Ade, H TI Tuning substrate surface energies for blends of polystyrene and poly(methyl methacrylate) SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS; DIRECTED SPINODAL DECOMPOSITION; X-RAY; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; DIBLOCK COPOLYMERS; WETTING BEHAVIOR; POLYMER MIXTURES; SI(100) SURFACE; THIN-FILMS; GROWTH AB We compare the efficacies of three preparation methods intended to create in an easy and inexpensive way a nonpreferential surface for a two-component homopolymer blend of polystyrene and poly(methyl methacrylate). The first method is to physically absorb two different high molecular weight copolymers of styrene and methyl methacrylate onto hydroxylated silicon oxide. The second method consists of covalently bonding octyltrichlorosilane onto hydroxylated silicon oxide with gradient coverage to create a region with a neutral surface. The third method utilizes hydroxyl terminated, miscible, low molecular weight homopolymers of polystyrene and poly(methyl methacrylate) covalently attached to the substrate. We characterize the relative effectiveness of all three methods and their temporal stability using optical microscopy, atomic force microscopy, contact angle measurements, as well as near edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) microscopy and spectroscopy. The preparation methods explored should be extendable to a number of polymer systems. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Ade, H (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RI Ade, Harald/E-7471-2011 NR 40 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD SEP 30 PY 2003 VL 19 IS 20 BP 8526 EP 8535 DI 10.1021/la030129x PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 727ZK UT WOS:000185690600055 ER PT J AU Striolo, A Chialvo, AA Cummings, PT Gubbins, KE AF Striolo, A Chialvo, AA Cummings, PT Gubbins, KE TI Water adsorption in carbon-slit nanopores SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID ACTIVATED CARBON; MONTE-CARLO; MOLECULAR SIMULATION; HYDROPHOBIC INTERACTION; MICROPOROUS CARBONS; LIQUID WATER; SURFACES; MODEL; SEPARATION; DYNAMICS AB With the use of the grand canonical Monte Carlo simulation, water adsorption isotherms were determined for SPC/E water in slit-shaped graphitic nanopores at 298 K. The pore widths considered were 0.6, 0.625, 0.7, 0.8, 1.0, 1.6, and 2.0 nm. The resulting adsorption isotherms indicated negligible adsorption at low pressures, pore-filling by a capillary-condensation-like mechanism, and adsorption/desorption hysteresis loops. For pore widths equal to or larger than 0.7 nm, the relative pressure at which pore filling occurs and the size of the hysteresis loop decrease with decreasing pore width. For 0.6-nm pores, pore filling occurs at pressures approaching saturation. Upon decreasing the pore width from 2.0 to 0.7 nm, the zero-coverage isosteric heat of adsorption increases from 6 to 14 kJ/mol. The limit at high coverage converges to the enthalpy of condensation for SPC/E water as the pore width increases. From the simulated adsorbed-water densities and distributions across the pores and the use of a mean-field approximation, the solvation force was computed between two flat hydrophobic walls. The force profile oscillates as a function of the wall-to-wall separation. Our results show that attractive peaks of the force correspond to wall-to-wall separations at which confined water molecules cannot establish a finite number of layers, while repulsive peaks correspond to separations at which confined water molecules form well-defined layers of molecules, often stabilized by intralayer hydrogen bonds. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. RP Gubbins, KE (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, 113 Riddick Labs, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RI Striolo, Alberto/G-2926-2011; Cummings, Peter/B-8762-2013; OI Cummings, Peter/0000-0002-9766-2216; Chialvo, Ariel/0000-0002-6091-4563 NR 38 TC 123 Z9 124 U1 3 U2 37 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD SEP 30 PY 2003 VL 19 IS 20 BP 8583 EP 8591 DI 10.1021/la0347354 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 727ZK UT WOS:000185690600062 ER PT J AU Hoyt, JJ Asta, M Karma, A AF Hoyt, JJ Asta, M Karma, A TI Atomistic and continuum modeling of dendritic solidification SO MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING R-REPORTS LA English DT Review DE dendritic solidification; materials science; modeling ID INTERFACIAL FREE-ENERGY; SOLID-LIQUID INTERFACE; PHASE-FIELD MODEL; DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; CRYSTAL-MELT INTERFACES; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATION; RADIAL-DISTRIBUTION FUNCTION; ADAPTIVE MESH REFINEMENT; EMBEDDED-ATOM-METHOD; ANISOTROPIC FREE-ENERGY AB Due to its technological importance, modeling of dendrite growth in pure metals and alloys remains a significant challenge in the field of materials science. In this review recent achievements in the dendrite modeling problem, using two distinct length scale approaches, are summarized. At the nanometer scale, molecular dynamics and Monte Carlo techniques have been developed to extract two important properties of the solid-liquid interface: the kinetic coefficient and the solid-liquid interfacial free energy. Perhaps more importantly the atomistic simulation methods are capable of accurately determining the small, yet crucially important, anisotropies of these parameters. At the mesoscopic scale, advances in phase field modeling have largely overcome the numerical problem associated with the large disparity in length scales typically found in dendrite growth. It is demonstrated that, when the atomistic and continuum level approaches are combined, accurate and parameter free predictions of dendrite growth velocities are possible. In addition, extensions of atomistic and phase field modeling to the case of binary alloys are described. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Northeastern Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Hoyt, JJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, MS 1411, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM jjhoyt@sandia.gov NR 186 TC 218 Z9 224 U1 11 U2 118 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0927-796X J9 MAT SCI ENG R JI Mater. Sci. Eng. R-Rep. PD SEP 30 PY 2003 VL 41 IS 6 BP 121 EP 163 DI 10.1016/S0927-796X(03)00036-6 PG 43 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 736WG UT WOS:000186195700001 ER PT J AU Aldous, D Percus, AG AF Aldous, D Percus, AG TI Scaling and universality in continuous length combinatorial optimization SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID TRAVELING-SALESMAN PROBLEM; SPIN-GLASSES; STATE AB We consider combinatorial optimization problems defined over rancom ensembles and study how solution cost increases when the optimal solution undergoes a small perturbation S. For the minimum spanning tree, the increase in cost scales as delta(2). For the minimum matching and traveling salesman problems in dimension d greater than or equal to 2, the increase scales as delta(3); this is observed in Monte Carlo Simulations in d = 2, 3, 4 and in theoretical analysis of a mean-field model. We speculate that the scaling exponent could serve to classify combinatorial optimization problems of this general kind into a small number of distinct categories, similar to universality classes in statistical physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Comp & Computat Sci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Stat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Percus, AG (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Comp & Computat Sci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM percus@lani.gov NR 27 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 3 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD SEP 30 PY 2003 VL 100 IS 20 BP 11211 EP 11215 DI 10.1073/pnas.1635191100 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 727XG UT WOS:000185685700009 PM 14504403 ER PT J AU Fowler, JS Logan, J Wang, GJ Volkow, ND Telang, F Zhu, W Franceschi, D Pappas, N Ferrieri, R Shea, C Garza, V Xu, YW Schlyer, D Gatley, SJ Ding, YS Alexoff, D Warner, D Netusil, N Carter, P Jayne, M King, P Vaska, P AF Fowler, JS Logan, J Wang, GJ Volkow, ND Telang, F Zhu, W Franceschi, D Pappas, N Ferrieri, R Shea, C Garza, V Xu, YW Schlyer, D Gatley, SJ Ding, YS Alexoff, D Warner, D Netusil, N Carter, P Jayne, M King, P Vaska, P TI Low monoamine oxidase B in peripheral organs in smokers SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID POSITRON-EMISSION-TOMOGRAPHY; CIGARETTE-SMOKING; PARKINSONS-DISEASE; L-DEPRENYL; BRAIN; INHIBITION; DOPAMINE; PET; NEUROTRANSMISSION; PROTECTION AB One of the major mechanisms for terminating the actions of catecholamines and vasoactive dietary amines is oxidation by monoamine oxidase (MAO). Smokers have been shown to have reduced levels of brain MAO, leading to speculation that MAO inhibition by tobacco smoke may underlie some of the behavioral and epidemiological features of smoking. Because smoking exposes peripheral organs as well as the brain to MAO-inhibitory compounds, we questioned whether smokers would also have reduced MAO levels in peripheral organs. Here we compared MAO B in peripheral organs in nonsmokers and smokers by using positron emission tomography and serial scans with the MAO B-specific radiotracers,L-[C-11]deprenyl and deuterium-substituted L-[C-11]deprenyl (L-[C-11]deprenyl-D2). Binding specificity was assessed by using the deuterium isotope effect. We found that smokers have significantly reduced MAO B in peripheral organs, particularly in the heart, lungs, and kidneys, when compared with nonsmokers. Reductions ranged from 33% to 46%. Because MAO B breaks down catecholamines and other physiologically active amines, including those released by nicotine, its inhibition may alter sympathetic tone as well as central neurotransmitter activity, which could contribute to the medical consequences of smoking. In addition, although most of the emphases on the carcinogenic properties of smoke have been placed on the lungs and the upper airways, this finding highlights the fact that multiple organs in the body are also exposed to pharmacologically significant quantities of chemical compounds in tobacco smoke. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Stony Brook Univ, Dept Appl Math & Stat, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. RP Fowler, JS (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. OI Logan, Jean/0000-0002-6993-9994 FU NIBIB NIH HHS [R01 EB002630, EB002630]; NIDA NIH HHS [DA 7092-01, DA00280] NR 44 TC 45 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 6 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD SEP 30 PY 2003 VL 100 IS 20 BP 11600 EP 11605 DI 10.1073/pnas.1833106100 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 727XG UT WOS:000185685700077 PM 12972641 ER PT J AU Ozkan, E Lee, SH Tracy, CE Pitts, JR Deb, SK AF Ozkan, E Lee, SH Tracy, CE Pitts, JR Deb, SK TI Comparison of electrochromic amorphous and crystalline tungsten oxide films SO SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS LA English DT Article DE tungsten oxide; thermal evaporation; electrochromism ID A-WO3-Y THIN-FILMS; COLORATION EFFICIENCY; DEPENDENCE; ABSORPTION AB A detailed systematic study of the tungsten oxide thin films has been carried out using WO3 films after they were annealed at progressively increasing temperatures ranging from 350degreesC to 450degreesC in oxygen environments. The structural properties of the films were characterized using X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. The amorphous WO3 films remain as an amorphous phase up to 385degreesC and begin to crystallize at 390degreesC and then are completely crystallized at 450degreesC. Absorption peaks of the films are found to shift to a higher energy side with increasing annealing temperature up to 385degreesC and then shift abruptly to a lower energy as the films begin to crystallize at 390degreesC. Deconvolution of the absorption spectra shows that there are two different polaron transitions in the amorphous WO3 films. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Istanbul Tech Univ, Dept Phys, Fac Sci & Letters, TR-80626 Istanbul, Turkey. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Ozkan, E (reprint author), Istanbul Tech Univ, Dept Phys, Fac Sci & Letters, TR-80626 Istanbul, Turkey. RI Lee, Sehee/A-5989-2011 NR 10 TC 60 Z9 61 U1 1 U2 29 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-0248 J9 SOL ENERG MAT SOL C JI Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells PD SEP 30 PY 2003 VL 79 IS 4 BP 439 EP 448 DI 10.1016/S0927-0248(03)00019-9 PG 10 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA 720NH UT WOS:000185266500003 ER PT J AU Dorf, L Semenov, V Raitses, Y AF Dorf, L Semenov, V Raitses, Y TI Anode sheath in Hall thrusters SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SEGMENTED ELECTRODE; PLASMA-FLOW AB A set of hydrodynamic equations is used to describe quasineutral plasma in ionization and acceleration regions of a Hall thruster. The electron distribution function and Poisson equation are invoked for description of a near-anode region. Numerical solutions suggest that steady-state operation of a Hall thruster can be achieved at different anode sheath regimes. It is shown that the anode sheath depends on the thruster operating conditions, namely the discharge voltage and the mass flow rate. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Russian Acad Sci, Inst Appl Phys, Nizhnii Novgorod 603155, Russia. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Dorf, L (reprint author), Russian Acad Sci, Inst Appl Phys, Nizhnii Novgorod 603155, Russia. NR 10 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD SEP 29 PY 2003 VL 83 IS 13 BP 2551 EP 2553 DI 10.1063/1.1615307 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 725AX UT WOS:000185521400017 ER PT J AU Lu, ZP Liu, CT Porter, WD AF Lu, ZP Liu, CT Porter, WD TI Role of yttrium in glass formation of Fe-based bulk metallic glasses SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FORMING ABILITY; AMORPHOUS-ALLOYS; OXYGEN IMPURITY; CRYSTALLIZATION; TEMPERATURE AB In this study, we discovered that a small addition of Y is very effective in improving glass-forming ability of Fe-based alloys. As-cast bulk amorphous alloys containing 2 at. % Y showed large thermal stability, with glass transition temperatures above 900 K and supercooled liquid regions above 55 K, and high strength, with Vickers hardnesses larger than HV 1200. The beneficial effect of Y on glass formation is twofold: (1) Y adjusted the compositions closer to the eutectic and thus lowered their liquidus temperatures, and (2) Y improved the manufacturability of these alloys by scavenging the oxygen impurity from it via the formation of innocuous yttrium oxides. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Lu, ZP (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Lu, Zhao-Ping/A-2718-2009; OI Liu, Chain Tsuan/0000-0001-7888-9725 NR 12 TC 175 Z9 199 U1 2 U2 43 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD SEP 29 PY 2003 VL 83 IS 13 BP 2581 EP 2583 DI 10.1063/1.1614833 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 725AX UT WOS:000185521400027 ER PT J AU Senger, RT Bajaj, KK Jones, ED Modine, NA Waldrip, KE Jalali, F Klem, JF Peake, GM Wei, X Tozer, SW AF Senger, RT Bajaj, KK Jones, ED Modine, NA Waldrip, KE Jalali, F Klem, JF Peake, GM Wei, X Tozer, SW TI Magneto-optical properties of GaAsSb/GaAs quantum wells SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; ALLOYS; GAAS; ENERGIES AB We have measured the diamagnetic shift of a heavy-hole exciton in a single 60 Angstrom wide GaAs0.7Sb0.3/GaAs quantum well as a function of magnetic field up to 32 T at 1.3 K using photoluminescence spectroscopy. The sample was grown on (001)-oriented GaAs substrate using solid-source molecular beam epitaxy. We have calculated the variation of the diamagnetic shift as a function of magnetic field using a variational approach and a free exciton model. We assumed a weak type-I conduction-band lineup in our calculations. We found that the values thus obtained are more than twice as large as the observed values. A similar calculation assuming a complete localization of the heavy hole leads to the values of the diamagnetic shift which agree very well with the experimental data. Our study suggests that the excitons are strongly localized in GaAs0.7Sb0.3/GaAs quantum well structures at low temperatures, and that this heterostructure has a weak type-I conduction-band lineup. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Emory Univ, Dept Phys, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Florida State Univ, NHMFL, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. RP Senger, RT (reprint author), Emory Univ, Dept Phys, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RI Senger, Tugrul/B-8207-2009 OI Senger, Tugrul/0000-0003-0800-1924 NR 14 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD SEP 29 PY 2003 VL 83 IS 13 BP 2614 EP 2616 DI 10.1063/1.1615680 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 725AX UT WOS:000185521400038 ER PT J AU Davalos, AR Campisi, J AF Davalos, AR Campisi, J TI Bloom syndrome cells undergo p53-dependent apoptosis and delayed assembly of BRCA1 and NBS1 repair complexes at stalled replication forks SO JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE DNA damage; DNA repair; DNA replication; gamma H2AX; S phase checkpoint ID MAMMARY EPITHELIAL-CELLS; WERNERS-SYNDROME GENES; SYNDROME PROTEIN; DNA-REPLICATION; HISTONE H2AX; GENOMIC INSTABILITY; S-PHASE; HOMOLOGOUS RECOMBINATION; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; HUMAN FIBROBLASTS AB Bloom syndrome (BS) is a hereditary disorder characterized by pre- and postnatal growth retardation, genomic instability, and cancer. BLM, the gene defective in BS, encodes a DNA helicase thought to participate in genomic maintenance. We show that BS human fibroblasts undergo extensive apoptosis after DNA damage specifically when DNA replication forks are stalled. Damage during S, but not G(1), caused BLM to rapidly form foci with gammaH2AX at replication forks that develop DNA breaks. These BLM foci recruited BRCA1 and NBS1. Damaged BS cells formed BRCA1/NBS1 foci with markedly delayed kinetics. Helicase-defective BLM showed dominant-negative activity with respect to apoptosis, but not BRCA1/NBS1 recruitment, suggesting catalytic and structural roles for BLM. Strikingly, inactivation of p53 prevented the death of damaged BS cells and delayed recruitment of BRCA1/NBS1. These findings suggest that BLM is an early responder to damaged replication forks. Moreover, p53 eliminates cells that rapidly assemble BRCA1/NBS1 without BLM, suggesting that BLM is essential for timely BRCA1/NBS1 function. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Buck Inst Age Res, Novato, CA 94945 USA. RP Campisi, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd,Mailstop 84-171, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG00226, AG11658, R01 AG011658, T32 AG000226] NR 69 TC 75 Z9 77 U1 0 U2 1 PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 1114 FIRST AVE, 4TH FL, NEW YORK, NY 10021 USA SN 0021-9525 J9 J CELL BIOL JI J. Cell Biol. PD SEP 29 PY 2003 VL 162 IS 7 BP 1197 EP 1209 DI 10.1083/jcb.200304016 PG 13 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 729UW UT WOS:000185794300003 PM 14517203 ER PT J AU Plotkin, S AF Plotkin, S TI Energy conservation SO OIL & GAS JOURNAL LA English DT Letter C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Washington, DC USA. RP Plotkin, S (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PENNWELL PUBL CO ENERGY GROUP PI TULSA PA 1421 S SHERIDAN RD PO BOX 1260, TULSA, OK 74101 USA SN 0030-1388 J9 OIL GAS J JI Oil Gas J. PD SEP 29 PY 2003 VL 101 IS 37 BP 10 EP + PG 2 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Petroleum SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 727MK UT WOS:000185662400001 ER PT J AU Golden, JT Kazul'kin, DN Scott, BL Voskoboynikov, AZ Burns, CJ AF Golden, JT Kazul'kin, DN Scott, BL Voskoboynikov, AZ Burns, CJ TI Synthesis and characterization of thorium ansa-cyclopentadienyl-amido complexes SO ORGANOMETALLICS LA English DT Article ID CONSTRAINED-GEOMETRY CATALYSTS; OLEFIN POLYMERIZATION; METALLOCENE COMPLEXES; STRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION; ETHYLENE; INSERTION; TITANIUM; BEARING; LIGANDS AB Two new thorium complexes, a tetramer (1) of C5Me4Si(Me)(2)NPhThCl2, and a dimer (2) of Li(Et2O)(2)[C5Me4Si(Me)(2)N-t-BuThCl3], have been synthesized and characterized. In both cases, structural studies reveal the thorium centers may be viewed as having pseudo-octahedral geometry, formally with two dative and two covalent chloride interactions. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Burns, CJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, MS J515, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Scott, Brian/D-8995-2017 OI Scott, Brian/0000-0003-0468-5396 NR 19 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0276-7333 J9 ORGANOMETALLICS JI Organometallics PD SEP 29 PY 2003 VL 22 IS 20 BP 3971 EP 3973 DI 10.1021/om030513p PG 3 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 724VB UT WOS:000185506400001 ER PT J AU Fournier, KB Faenov, AY Pikuz, TA Magunov, AI Skobelev, IY Belyaev, VS Vinogradov, VI Kyrilov, AS Matafonov, AP Flora, F Bollanti, S Di Lazzaro, P Murra, D Reale, A Reale, L Tomassetti, G Ritucci, A Francucci, M Martellucci, S Petrocelli, G AF Fournier, KB Faenov, AY Pikuz, TA Magunov, AI Skobelev, IY Belyaev, VS Vinogradov, VI Kyrilov, AS Matafonov, AP Flora, F Bollanti, S Di Lazzaro, P Murra, D Reale, A Reale, L Tomassetti, G Ritucci, A Francucci, M Martellucci, S Petrocelli, G TI Identification and precise measurements of the wavelengths of high-n transitions in N-, O-, and F-like Zn ions SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS B-ATOMIC MOLECULAR AND OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID LASER-PRODUCED PLASMAS; X-RAY-EMISSION; ISOELECTRONIC SEQUENCE; NEON-LIKE; SPECTRA; ELEMENTS; IRON; CU AB We have observed spectra of highly charged zinc ions from a variety of laser-produced plasmas. High-precision measurements of transition wavelengths have been made in the range 6.7-8.6 Angstrom, with accuracies of approximate to1 mAngstrom. Line identifications for high-n transitions (n less than or equal to 7) in the N-, O-, and F-like spectra of Zn XXIV, XXIII, XXII, respectively, are made by comparison with steady-state collisional-radiative models. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. VNIIFTRI, Multicharged Ions Spectra Data Ctr, Moscow 141570, Russia. Cent Res Inst Machine Bldg, Korolev 141070, Moscow Region, Russia. ENEA, Dipartimento Innovaz, Settore Fis Applicata, I-00044 Frascati, Roma, Italy. Univ Aquila, Dipartimento Fis, I-67010 Coppito, Italy. Univ Aquila, INFM, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Gc LNGS, I-67010 Laquila, Italy. Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Sci & Tecnol Fisiche & Energet, INFM, I-00133 Rome, Italy. RP Fournier, KB (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808,L-41, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI matafonov, anatoly/R-7542-2016 NR 18 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-4075 J9 J PHYS B-AT MOL OPT JI J. Phys. B-At. Mol. Opt. Phys. PD SEP 28 PY 2003 VL 36 IS 18 BP 3787 EP 3796 AR PII S0953-4075(03)64450-0 DI 10.1088/0953-4075/36/18/307 PG 10 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 732VL UT WOS:000185966200008 ER PT J AU Holt, NE Kennis, JTM Dall'Osto, L Bassi, R Fleming, GR AF Holt, NE Kennis, JTM Dall'Osto, L Bassi, R Fleming, GR TI Carotenoid to chlorophyll energy transfer in light harvesting complex II from Arabidopsis thaliana probed by femtosecond fluorescence upconversion SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HIGHER-PLANTS; PHOTOSYSTEM-II; TRANSIENT ABSORPTION; INTERNAL-CONVERSION; EXCITATION TRANSFER; ANTENNA COMPLEX; LHCII; PATHWAYS; SPECTROSCOPY; DYNAMICS AB Trimers of light harvesting complex 11 from Arabidopsis thaliana were studied by femtosecond fluorescence up-conversion. The average lifetime of the carotenoid S-2 state was similar to57 fs for wild type trimers and similar to70 fs for trimers, from a mutant plant with a distinctly different carotenoid composition. We estimate that similar to56% of the energy transferred from carotenoids to chlorophylls proceeds via the carotenoid S, state in the wild type and similar to46% in the mutant. By comparison with the fluorescence excitation spectra, we find that similar to20% of the energy transferred in both samples proceeds through the carotenoid S, state. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Free Univ Amsterdam, Fac Sci, Div Phys & Astron, Dept Biophys & Phys Complex Syst, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Verona, Fac Sci, Dipartimento Sci & Tecnol, I-37134 Verona, Italy. RP Fleming, GR (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Dall'Osto, Luca/A-9384-2010; OI bassi, roberto/0000-0002-4140-8446; Dall'Osto, Luca/0000-0001-9497-5156 NR 29 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD SEP 26 PY 2003 VL 379 IS 3-4 BP 305 EP 313 DI 10.1016/j.cplett.2003.08.039 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 728RW UT WOS:000185731000017 ER PT J AU Oliva, JM Gray, SK AF Oliva, JM Gray, SK TI Theoretical study of dielectrically coated metallic nanowires SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PLASMON RESONANT NANOWIRES; SILVER NANOPARTICLES; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; LIGHT; NANOSHELLS; TRANSPORT; AU AB The interaction of light with nanometer scale diameter single and multiple silver nanowires, coated externally with a dielectric material, is studied with the finite-difference time-domain method. As would be expected, the surface plasmon polariton resonance positions for the single nanowires shift to the red as the thickness of the coating is increased. In the case of multiple nanowires, however, we find that the effect of the coating is similar to bringing bare nanowires closer together, i.e., it leads to greater light intensities between the wires and more complex spectra. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Bristol, Sch Chem, Bristol BS8 1TS, Avon, England. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Theoret Chem Grp, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Gray, SK (reprint author), Univ Bristol, Sch Chem, Cantocks Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, Avon, England. NR 29 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD SEP 26 PY 2003 VL 379 IS 3-4 BP 325 EP 331 DI 10.1016/j.cplett.2003.08.038 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 728RW UT WOS:000185731000020 ER PT J AU Stoner, DL Stedtfeld, RD Tyler, TL White, FJ McJunkin, TR LaViolette, RA AF Stoner, DL Stedtfeld, RD Tyler, TL White, FJ McJunkin, TR LaViolette, RA TI Impact of microorganisms on unsaturated flow at fracture intersections SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE unsaturated flow; fracture; microorganisms ID SUBSURFACE; CHALK AB [1] An experiment is described in which a groundwater bacterium, Sphingomonas sp., influenced the dynamics of unsaturated flow at a fracture intersection. A washed cell suspension increased by three-fold the length of time that water pooled at the fracture intersection. On the other hand, the addition of growth substrates resulted in cell growth and the conversion from intermittent to continuous flow behavior at the fracture intersection. The results suggest that microbial properties and processes need to be included with other important variables for understanding unsaturated flow in fractured geomatrices. C1 Idaho Natl Lab, Dept Biotechnol, Idaho Falls, ID 83401 USA. Idaho Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Idaho Falls, ID 83401 USA. Idaho Natl Lab, Dept Mat Technol, Idaho Falls, ID 83401 USA. RP Idaho Natl Lab, Dept Biotechnol, Idaho Falls, ID 83401 USA. EM dstoner@inel.gov RI McJunkin, Timothy/G-8385-2011 OI McJunkin, Timothy/0000-0002-4987-9170 NR 12 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD SEP 26 PY 2003 VL 30 IS 18 AR 1960 DI 10.1029/2003GL017860 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 727FW UT WOS:000185648800004 ER PT J AU Saito, S Yamaguchi, H Higashimoto, Y Chao, C Xu, Y Fornace, AJ Appella, E Anderson, CW AF Saito, S Yamaguchi, H Higashimoto, Y Chao, C Xu, Y Fornace, AJ Appella, E Anderson, CW TI Phosphorylation site interdependence of human p53 post-translational modifications in response to stress SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID TUMOR-SUPPRESSOR PROTEIN; DNA-DAMAGE; IONIZING-RADIATION; UBIQUITIN SYSTEM; GAMMA-RADIATION; UV-RADIATION; MURINE P53; IN-VITRO; ACTIVATION; ATM AB Modification-specific antibodies were used to characterize the phosphorylation and acetylation of human p53 in response to genotoxic (UV, IR, and adriamycin) and non-genotoxic (PALA, taxol, nocodazole) stress in cultured human cells at 14 known modification sites. In A549 cells, phosphorylation or acetylation was induced at most sites by the three DNA damage-inducing agents, but significant differences between agents were observed. IR-induced phosphorylation reached a maximum 2 h after treatment and returned to near pretreatment levels by 72 h; UV light and adriamycin induced a less rapid but more robust and prolonged p53 phosphorylation, which reached a maximum between 8 and 24 h, but persisted ( UV) even 96 h after treatment. Ser(33), Ser(37), Ser(46), and Ser(392) were more efficiently phosphorylated after exposure to UV light than after IR. The non-genotoxic agents PALA, taxol and nocodazole induced p53 accumulation and phosphorylation at Ser(6), Ser(33), Ser(46), and Ser(392). Some phosphorylation at Ser(15) also was observed. Modifications occurred similarly in the HCT116 human colon carcinoma cell line. Analysis of single site mutant p53s indicated clear interdependences between N-terminal phosphorylation sites, which could be classified in four clusters: Ser(6) and Ser(9); Ser(9), Ser(15), Thr(18) and Ser(20); Ser(33) and Ser(37); and Ser(46). We suggest that p53 phosphorylation is regulated through a double cascade involving both the activation of secondary, effector protein kinases as well as intermolecular phosphorylation site interdependencies that check inappropriate p53 inactivation while allowing for signal amplification and the integration of signals from multiple stress pathways. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NCI, Cell Biol Lab, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NCI, Basic Res Lab, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Mol Biol Sect, Div Biol, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Anderson, CW (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, 50 Bell Ave, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Fornace, Albert/A-7407-2008 OI Fornace, Albert/0000-0001-9695-085X NR 51 TC 158 Z9 162 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD SEP 26 PY 2003 VL 278 IS 39 BP 37536 EP 37544 DI 10.1074/jbc.M305135200 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 723MY UT WOS:000185437200067 PM 12860987 ER PT J AU Reichmuth, DS Kirby, BJ AF Reichmuth, DS Kirby, BJ TI Effects of ammonioalkyl sulfonate internal salts on electrokinetic micropump performance and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic separations SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th International Symposium on Microscale Separation and Analysis CY JAN 17-22, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CA DE salt effects; electrokinetic pumps; pumps; ammonioalkyl sulfonates ID TOTAL ANALYSIS SYSTEMS; HIGH-PRESSURE AB Ammonioalkyl sulfonate internal salts are explored owing to their potential for improving electrokinetic pumps used to perform miniaturized HPLC separations. The internal salts investigated can be added at high molarity since they are net-neutral, and furthermore show potential for increasing electroosmotic pumping owing to their large positive dielectric increment. Streaming potential measurements of buffered aqueous systems with varying concentrations of ammonioalkyl sulfonate internal salts have been used to measure these dielectric increments, which increase with the length of the alkyl linker. Due to their positive dielectric increments and their decremental effect on solution conductivity, all of the measured species are predicted to improve the pressure generation (up to 85%) and efficiency performance (up to 140%) of electrokinetic pumps when added at 1 M concentration. RP-HPLC separations with an ammonioalkyl sulfonate (TMAPS) have been performed and indicate that separation performance is essentially unaffected by these species. These results indicate the potential for a variety of ammonioalkyl sulfonates to be used to improve electrokinetic pump performance for miniaturized HPLC. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Microfluid Dept, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Kirby, BJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Microfluid Dept, POB 969,MS 9951, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM bjkirby@sandia.gov NR 13 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD SEP 26 PY 2003 VL 1013 IS 1-2 BP 93 EP 101 DI 10.1016/S0021-9673(03)01468-7 PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 727KJ UT WOS:000185656900011 PM 14604111 ER PT J AU Lashuel, HA Hartley, DM Petre, BM Wall, JS Simon, MN Walz, T Lansbury, PT AF Lashuel, HA Hartley, DM Petre, BM Wall, JS Simon, MN Walz, T Lansbury, PT TI Mixtures of wild-type and a pathogenic (E22G) form of A beta 40 in vitro accumulate protofibrils, including amyloid pores SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Alzheimer's disease; amyloid-beta protein (A beta); amyloid pores; protofibrils; Arctic mutation ID BETA-PROTEIN FIBRILLOGENESIS; ALPHA-SYNUCLEIN; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; PARKINSONS-DISEASE; FIBRIL FORMATION; VESICLE PERMEABILIZATION; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; MECHANISM; PEPTIDE; FIBRILLIZATION AB Although APP mutations associated with inherited forms of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are relatively rare, detailed studies of these mutations may prove critical for gaining important insights into the mechanism(s) and etiology of AD. Here, we present a detailed biophysical characterization of the structural properties of protofibrils formed by the Arctic variant (E22G) of amyloid-beta protein (Abeta40(ARC)) as well as the effect of Abeta40(WT) on the distribution of the protofibrillar species formed by Abeta40(ARC) by characterizing biologically relevant mixtures of both proteins that may mimic the situation in the heterozygous patients. These studies revealed that the Arctic mutation accelerates both Abeta oligomerization and fibrillogenesis in vitro. In addition, Abeta40(ARC) was observed to affect both the morphology and the size distribution of Abeta protofibrils. Electron microscopy examination of the protofibrils formed by Abeta40(ARC) revealed several morphologies, including: (1) relatively compact spherical particles roughly 4-5 nm in diameter; (2) annular pore-like protofibrils; (3) large spherical particles 18-25 nm in diameter; and (4) short filaments with chain-like morphology. Conversion of Abeta40(ARC) protofibrils to fibrils occurred more rapidly than protofibrils formed in mixed solutions of Abeta40(WT)/Abeta40(ARC), suggesting that co-incubation of Abeta40(ARC) with Abeta40(WT) leads to kinetic stabilization of Abeta40(ARC) protofibrils. An increase in the ratio of Abeta(WT)/Abeta(MUT(Arctic)), therefore, may result in the accumulation of potential neurotoxic protofibrils and acceleration of disease progression in familial Alzheimer's disease mutation carriers. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Harvard Univ, Ctr Neurodegenerat & Repair, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Brigham & Womens Hosp, Ctr Neurol Dis, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Cell Biol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Lansbury, PT (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Ctr Neurodegenerat & Repair, 65 Landsdowne St, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [P41-RR01777]; NIA NIH HHS [AG08470]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM62580] NR 63 TC 173 Z9 179 U1 1 U2 23 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0022-2836 J9 J MOL BIOL JI J. Mol. Biol. PD SEP 26 PY 2003 VL 332 IS 4 BP 795 EP 808 DI 10.1016/S0022-2836(03)00927-6 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 722VT UT WOS:000185399300005 PM 12972252 ER PT J AU Wall, ME Hlavacek, WS Savageau, MA AF Wall, ME Hlavacek, WS Savageau, MA TI Design principles for regulator gene expression in a repressible gene circuit SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE gene regulation; repression; design principles; mathematical model; autoregulation ID PYRIMIDINE BIOSYNTHETIC OPERON; UPTAKE REGULATION PROTEIN; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATION; NEGATIVE AUTOREGULATION; AUTOGENOUS REGULATION; FEEDBACK INHIBITION; BIOCHEMICAL SYSTEMS; MESSENGER-RNA AB We consider the design of a type of repressible gene circuit that is common in bacteria. In this type of circuit, a regulator protein acts to coordinately repress the expression of effector genes when a signal molecule with which it interacts is present. The regulator protein can also independently influence the expression of its own gene, such that regulator gene expression is repressible (like effector genes), constitutive, or inducible. Thus, a signal-directed change in the activity of the regulator protein can result in one of three patterns of coupled regulator and effector gene expression: direct coupling, in which regulator and effector gene expression change in the same direction; uncoupling, in which regulator gene expression remains constant while effector gene expression changes; or inverse coupling, in which regulator and effector gene expression change in opposite directions. We have investigated the functional consequences of each form of coupling using a mathematical model to compare alternative circuits on the basis of engineering-inspired criteria for functional effectiveness. The results depend on whether the regulator protein acts as a repressor or activator of transcription at the promoters of effector genes. In the case of repressor control of effector gene expression, direct coupling is optimal among the three forms of coupling, whereas in the case of activator control, inverse coupling is optimal. Results also depend on the sensitivity of effector gene expression to changes in the level of a signal molecule; the optimal form of coupling can be physically realized only for circuits with sufficiently small sensitivity. These theoretical results provide a rationale for autoregulation of regulator genes in repressible gene circuits and lead to testable predictions, which we have compared with data available in the literature and electronic databases. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Biol & Biophys Grp T 10, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Comp & Computat Sci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Sch Med, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Hlavacek, WS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Biol & Biophys Grp T 10, Div Theoret, Mail Stop K710, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [R01-GM30054] NR 79 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 2 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0022-2836 J9 J MOL BIOL JI J. Mol. Biol. PD SEP 26 PY 2003 VL 332 IS 4 BP 861 EP 876 DI 10.1016/S0022-2836(03)00948-3 PG 16 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 722VT UT WOS:000185399300010 PM 12972257 ER PT J AU Aubert, B Barate, R Boutigny, D Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Robbe, P Tisserand, V Zghiche, A Palano, A Pompili, A Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Ofte, I Stugu, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Charles, E Day, CT Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kral, JF Kukartsev, G LeClerc, C Levi, ME Lynch, G Mir, LM Oddone, PJ Orimoto, TJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Romosan, A Ronan, MT Shelkov, VG Telnov, AV Wenzel, WA Ford, K Harrison, TJ Hawkes, CM Knowles, DJ Morgan, SE Penny, RC Watson, AT Watson, NK Deppermann, T Goetzen, K Koch, H Lewandowski, B Pelizaeus, M Peters, K Schmuecker, H Steinke, M Barlow, NR Boyd, JT Chevalier, N Cottingham, WN Kelly, MP Latham, TE Mackay, C Wilson, FF Abe, K Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T Hearty, C Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Kyberd, P McKemey, AK Blinov, VE Bukin, AD Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Solodov, EP Yushkov, AN Best, D Chao, M Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M McMahon, S Mommsen, RK Roethel, W Stoker, DP Buchanan, C del Re, D Hadavand, HK Hill, EJ MacFarlane, DB Paar, HP Rahatlou, S Schwanke, U Sharma, V Berryhill, JW Campagnari, C Dahmes, B Kuznetsova, N Levy, SL Long, O Lu, A Mazur, MA Richman, JD Verkerke, W Beck, TW Beringer, J Eisner, AM Heusch, CA Lockman, WS Schalk, T Schmitz, RE Schumm, BA Seiden, A Turri, M Walkowiak, W Williams, DC Wilson, MG Albert, J Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Hitlin, DG Narsky, I Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Yang, S Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Abe, T Barillari, T Blanc, F Bloom, P Chen, S Clark, PJ Ford, WT Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Rankin, P Roy, J Smith, JG van Hoek, WC Zhang, L Harton, JL Hu, T Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Zhang, J Altenburg, D Brandt, T Brose, J Colberg, T Dickopp, M Dubitzky, RS Hauke, A Lacker, HM Maly, E Muller-Pfefferkorn, R Nogowski, R Otto, S Schubert, KR Schwierz, R Spaan, B Wilden, L Bernard, D Bonneaud, GR Brochard, F Cohen-Tanugi, J Thiebaux, C Vasileiadis, G Verderi, M Khan, A Lavin, D Muheim, F Playfer, S Swain, JE Tinslay, J Andreotti, M Azzolini, V Bettoni, D Bozzi, C Calabrese, R Cibinetto, G Luppi, E Negrini, M Piemontese, L Sarti, A Treadwell, E Anulli, F Baldini-Ferroli, R Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Falciai, D Finocchiaro, G Patteri, P Peruzzi, IM Piccolo, M Zallo, A Buzzo, A Contri, R Crosetti, G Lo Vetere, M Macri, M Monge, MR Passaggio, S Pastore, FC Patrignani, C Robutti, E Santroni, A Tosi, S Bailey, S Morii, M Bhimji, W Bowerman, DA Dauncey, PD Egede, U Eschrich, I Gaillard, JR Morton, GW Nash, JA Sanders, P Taylor, GP Grenier, GJ Lee, SJ Mallik, U Cochran, J Crawley, HB Lamsa, J Meyer, WT Prell, S Rosenberg, EI Yi, J Davier, M Grosdidier, G Hocker, A Laplace, S Le Diberder, F Lepeltier, V Lutz, AM Petersen, TC Plaszczynski, S Schune, MH Tantot, L Wormser, G Brigljevic, V Cheng, CH Lange, DJ Wright, DM Bevan, AJ Coleman, JP Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R Kay, M Parry, RJ Payne, DJ Sloane, RJ Touramanis, C Back, JJ Harrison, PF Shorthouse, HW Strother, P Vidal, PB Brown, CL Cowan, G Flack, RL Flaecher, HU George, S Green, MG Kurup, A Marker, CE McMahon, TR Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Vaitsas, G Winter, MA Brown, D Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, RJ Hart, PA Forti, AC Jackson, F Lafferty, GD Lyon, AJ Weatherall, JH Williams, JC Farbin, A Jawahery, A Kovalskyi, D Lae, CK Lillard, V Roberts, DA Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Flood, KT Hertzbach, SS Kofler, R Koptchev, VB Moore, TB Saremi, S Staengle, H Willocq, S Cowan, R Sciolla, G Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Mangeol, DJJ Milek, M Patel, PM Lazzaro, A Palombo, F Bauer, JM Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Godang, R Kroeger, R Reidy, J Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Zhao, HW Hast, C Taras, P Nicholson, H Cartaro, C Cavallo, N De Nardo, G Fabozzi, F Gatto, C Lista, L Paolucci, P Piccolo, D Sciacca, C Baak, MA Raven, G LoSecco, JM Gabriel, TA Brau, B Pulliam, T Wong, QK Brau, J Frey, R Potter, CT Sinev, NB Strom, D Torrence, E Colecchia, F Dorigo, A Galeazzi, F Margoni, M Morandin, M Posocco, M Rotondo, M Simonetto, F Stroili, R Tiozzo, G Voci, C Benayoun, M Briand, H Chauveau, J David, P de la Vaissiere, C Del Buono, L Hamon, O John, MJJ Leruste, P Ocariz, J Pivk, M Roos, L Stark, J T'Jampens, S Therin, G Manfredi, PF Re, V Gladney, L Guo, QH Panetta, J Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bondioli, M Bucci, F Calderini, G Carpinelli, M Forti, F Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Marchiori, G Martinez-Vidal, F Morganti, M Neri, N Paoloni, E Rama, M Rizzo, G Sandrelli, F Walsh, J Haire, M Judd, D Paick, K Wagoner, DE Danielson, N Elmer, P Lu, C Miftakov, V Olsen, J Smith, AJS Tanaka, HA Varnes, EW Bellini, F Cavoto, G Faccini, R Ferrarotto, F Ferroni, F Gaspero, M Mazzoni, MA Morganti, S Pierini, M Piredda, G Tehrani, FS Voena, C Christ, S Wagner, G Waldi, R Adye, T De Groot, N Franek, B Geddes, NI Gopal, GP Olaiya, EO Xella, SM Aleksan, R Emery, S Gaidot, A Ganzhur, SF Giraud, PF de Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Langer, M London, GW Mayer, B Schott, G Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Purohit, MV Weidemann, AW Yumiceva, FX Aston, D Bartoldus, R Berger, N Boyarski, AM Buchmueller, OL Convery, MR Coupal, DP Dong, D Dorfan, J Dujmic, D Dunwoodie, W Field, RC Glanzman, T Gowdy, SJ Grauges-Pous, E Hadig, T Halyo, V Hryn'ova, T Innes, WR Jessop, CP Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Langenegger, U Leith, DWGS Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Marsiske, H Menke, S Messner, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Ozcan, VE Perazzo, A Perl, M Petrak, S Ratcliff, BN Robertson, SH Roodman, A Salnikov, AA Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Simi, G Snyder, A Soha, A Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weaver, M Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Wright, DH Young, CC Burchat, PR Edwards, AJ Meyer, TI Roat, C Ahmed, S Alam, MS Ernst, JA Saleem, M Wappler, FR Bugg, W Krishnamurthy, M Spanier, SM Eckmann, R Kim, H Ritchie, JL Schwitters, RF Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Ye, S Bianchi, F Bona, M Gallo, F Gamba, D Borean, C Bosisio, L Della Ricca, G Dittongo, S Grancagnolo, S Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vitale, L Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Banerjee, S Brown, CM Fortin, D Jackson, PD Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Band, HR Dasu, S Datta, M Eichenbaum, AM Hu, H Johnson, JR Kutter, PE Li, H Liu, R Di Lodovico, F Mihalyi, A Mohapatra, AK Pan, Y Prepost, R Sekula, SJ von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, J Wu, SL Yu, Z Neal, H AF Aubert, B Barate, R Boutigny, D Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Robbe, P Tisserand, V Zghiche, A Palano, A Pompili, A Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Ofte, I Stugu, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Charles, E Day, CT Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kral, JF Kukartsev, G LeClerc, C Levi, ME Lynch, G Mir, LM Oddone, PJ Orimoto, TJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Romosan, A Ronan, MT Shelkov, VG Telnov, AV Wenzel, WA Ford, K Harrison, TJ Hawkes, CM Knowles, DJ Morgan, SE Penny, RC Watson, AT Watson, NK Deppermann, T Goetzen, K Koch, H Lewandowski, B Pelizaeus, M Peters, K Schmuecker, H Steinke, M Barlow, NR Boyd, JT Chevalier, N Cottingham, WN Kelly, MP Latham, TE Mackay, C Wilson, FF Abe, K Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T Hearty, C Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Kyberd, P McKemey, AK Blinov, VE Bukin, AD Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Solodov, EP Yushkov, AN Best, D Chao, M Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M McMahon, S Mommsen, RK Roethel, W Stoker, DP Buchanan, C del Re, D Hadavand, HK Hill, EJ MacFarlane, DB Paar, HP Rahatlou, S Schwanke, U Sharma, V Berryhill, JW Campagnari, C Dahmes, B Kuznetsova, N Levy, SL Long, O Lu, A Mazur, MA Richman, JD Verkerke, W Beck, TW Beringer, J Eisner, AM Heusch, CA Lockman, WS Schalk, T Schmitz, RE Schumm, BA Seiden, A Turri, M Walkowiak, W Williams, DC Wilson, MG Albert, J Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Hitlin, DG Narsky, I Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Yang, S Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Abe, T Barillari, T Blanc, F Bloom, P Chen, S Clark, PJ Ford, WT Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Rankin, P Roy, J Smith, JG van Hoek, WC Zhang, L Harton, JL Hu, T Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Zhang, J Altenburg, D Brandt, T Brose, J Colberg, T Dickopp, M Dubitzky, RS Hauke, A Lacker, HM Maly, E Muller-Pfefferkorn, R Nogowski, R Otto, S Schubert, KR Schwierz, R Spaan, B Wilden, L Bernard, D Bonneaud, GR Brochard, F Cohen-Tanugi, J Thiebaux, C Vasileiadis, G Verderi, M Khan, A Lavin, D Muheim, F Playfer, S Swain, JE Tinslay, J Andreotti, M Azzolini, V Bettoni, D Bozzi, C Calabrese, R Cibinetto, G Luppi, E Negrini, M Piemontese, L Sarti, A Treadwell, E Anulli, F Baldini-Ferroli, R Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Falciai, D Finocchiaro, G Patteri, P Peruzzi, IM Piccolo, M Zallo, A Buzzo, A Contri, R Crosetti, G Lo Vetere, M Macri, M Monge, MR Passaggio, S Pastore, FC Patrignani, C Robutti, E Santroni, A Tosi, S Bailey, S Morii, M Bhimji, W Bowerman, DA Dauncey, PD Egede, U Eschrich, I Gaillard, JR Morton, GW Nash, JA Sanders, P Taylor, GP Grenier, GJ Lee, SJ Mallik, U Cochran, J Crawley, HB Lamsa, J Meyer, WT Prell, S Rosenberg, EI Yi, J Davier, M Grosdidier, G Hocker, A Laplace, S Le Diberder, F Lepeltier, V Lutz, AM Petersen, TC Plaszczynski, S Schune, MH Tantot, L Wormser, G Brigljevic, V Cheng, CH Lange, DJ Wright, DM Bevan, AJ Coleman, JP Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R Kay, M Parry, RJ Payne, DJ Sloane, RJ Touramanis, C Back, JJ Harrison, PF Shorthouse, HW Strother, P Vidal, PB Brown, CL Cowan, G Flack, RL Flaecher, HU George, S Green, MG Kurup, A Marker, CE McMahon, TR Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Vaitsas, G Winter, MA Brown, D Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, RJ Hart, PA Forti, AC Jackson, F Lafferty, GD Lyon, AJ Weatherall, JH Williams, JC Farbin, A Jawahery, A Kovalskyi, D Lae, CK Lillard, V Roberts, DA Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Flood, KT Hertzbach, SS Kofler, R Koptchev, VB Moore, TB Saremi, S Staengle, H Willocq, S Cowan, R Sciolla, G Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Mangeol, DJJ Milek, M Patel, PM Lazzaro, A Palombo, F Bauer, JM Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Godang, R Kroeger, R Reidy, J Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Zhao, HW Hast, C Taras, P Nicholson, H Cartaro, C Cavallo, N De Nardo, G Fabozzi, F Gatto, C Lista, L Paolucci, P Piccolo, D Sciacca, C Baak, MA Raven, G LoSecco, JM Gabriel, TA Brau, B Pulliam, T Wong, QK Brau, J Frey, R Potter, CT Sinev, NB Strom, D Torrence, E Colecchia, F Dorigo, A Galeazzi, F Margoni, M Morandin, M Posocco, M Rotondo, M Simonetto, F Stroili, R Tiozzo, G Voci, C Benayoun, M Briand, H Chauveau, J David, P de la Vaissiere, C Del Buono, L Hamon, O John, MJJ Leruste, P Ocariz, J Pivk, M Roos, L Stark, J T'Jampens, S Therin, G Manfredi, PF Re, V Gladney, L Guo, QH Panetta, J Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bondioli, M Bucci, F Calderini, G Carpinelli, M Forti, F Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Marchiori, G Martinez-Vidal, F Morganti, M Neri, N Paoloni, E Rama, M Rizzo, G Sandrelli, F Walsh, J Haire, M Judd, D Paick, K Wagoner, DE Danielson, N Elmer, P Lu, C Miftakov, V Olsen, J Smith, AJS Tanaka, HA Varnes, EW Bellini, F Cavoto, G Faccini, R Ferrarotto, F Ferroni, F Gaspero, M Mazzoni, MA Morganti, S Pierini, M Piredda, G Tehrani, FS Voena, C Christ, S Wagner, G Waldi, R Adye, T De Groot, N Franek, B Geddes, NI Gopal, GP Olaiya, EO Xella, SM Aleksan, R Emery, S Gaidot, A Ganzhur, SF Giraud, PF de Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Langer, M London, GW Mayer, B Schott, G Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Purohit, MV Weidemann, AW Yumiceva, FX Aston, D Bartoldus, R Berger, N Boyarski, AM Buchmueller, OL Convery, MR Coupal, DP Dong, D Dorfan, J Dujmic, D Dunwoodie, W Field, RC Glanzman, T Gowdy, SJ Grauges-Pous, E Hadig, T Halyo, V Hryn'ova, T Innes, WR Jessop, CP Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Langenegger, U Leith, DWGS Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Marsiske, H Menke, S Messner, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Ozcan, VE Perazzo, A Perl, M Petrak, S Ratcliff, BN Robertson, SH Roodman, A Salnikov, AA Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Simi, G Snyder, A Soha, A Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weaver, M Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Wright, DH Young, CC Burchat, PR Edwards, AJ Meyer, TI Roat, C Ahmed, S Alam, MS Ernst, JA Saleem, M Wappler, FR Bugg, W Krishnamurthy, M Spanier, SM Eckmann, R Kim, H Ritchie, JL Schwitters, RF Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Ye, S Bianchi, F Bona, M Gallo, F Gamba, D Borean, C Bosisio, L Della Ricca, G Dittongo, S Grancagnolo, S Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vitale, L Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Banerjee, S Brown, CM Fortin, D Jackson, PD Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Band, HR Dasu, S Datta, M Eichenbaum, AM Hu, H Johnson, JR Kutter, PE Li, H Liu, R Di Lodovico, F Mihalyi, A Mohapatra, AK Pan, Y Prepost, R Sekula, SJ von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, J Wu, SL Yu, Z Neal, H CA BABAR Collaboration TI Measurement of time-dependent CP asymmetries and the CP-odd fraction in the decay B-0 -> D*+D*- SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID VIOLATION AB We present a measurement of time-dependent CP asymmetries and an updated determination of the CP-odd fraction in the decay B-0-->D*+D*- using a data sample of 88x10(6)B (B) over bar pairs collected by the BABAR detector at the PEP-II B Factory at SLAC. We determine the CP-odd fraction to be 0.063+/-0.055(stat)+/-0.009(syst). The time-dependent CP asymmetry parameters Im(lambda(+)) and \lambda(+)\ are determined to be 0.05+/-0.29(stat)+/-0.10(syst) and 0.75+/-0.19(stat)+/-0.02(syst), respectively. The standard model predicts these parameters to be -sin2beta and 1, respectively, in the absence of penguin diagram contributions. C1 Lab Annecy Le Vieux Phys Particules, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. Univ Bari, Dipartimento Fis, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Univ Bergen, Inst Phys, N-5007 Bergen, Norway. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. Ruhr Univ Bochum, Inst Expt Phys 1, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. Univ Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. Brunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England. Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Kern & Teilchenphys, D-01062 Dresden, Germany. Ecole Polytech, LLR, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. Univ Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Midlothian, Scotland. Univ Ferrara, Dipartimento Fis, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Florida A&M Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32307 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Genoa, Dipartimento Fis, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London SW7 2BW, England. Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Lab Accelerateur Lineaire, F-91898 Orsay, France. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. Queen Mary Univ London, London E1 4NS, England. Univ London Royal Holloway & Bedford New Coll, Egham TW20 0EX, Surrey, England. Univ Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. Univ Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. MIT, Nucl Sci Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA. Univ Montreal, Lab Rene JA Levesque, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. Mt Holyoke Coll, S Hadley, MA 01075 USA. Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Sci Fisiche, I-80126 Naples, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-80126 Naples, Italy. NIKHEF H, Natl Inst Nucl Phys & High Energy Phys, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Univ Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Univ Paris 06, F-75252 Paris, France. Univ Paris 07, Lab Phys Nucl HE, F-75252 Paris, France. Univ Pavia, Dipartimento Elettr, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis, Scuola Normale Super Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. Prairie View A&M Univ, Prairie View, TX 77446 USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Univ Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. CEA Saclay, DSM Dapnia, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. SUNY Albany, Albany, NY 12222 USA. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Univ Texas, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Univ Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6, Canada. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. RP Aubert, B (reprint author), Lab Annecy Le Vieux Phys Particules, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. RI Di Lodovico, Francesca/L-9109-2016; Calcaterra, Alessandro/P-5260-2015; Frey, Raymond/E-2830-2016; Peters, Klaus/C-2728-2008; Forti, Francesco/H-3035-2011; Rotondo, Marcello/I-6043-2012; de Sangro, Riccardo/J-2901-2012; Sarti, Alessio/I-2833-2012; Cavallo, Nicola/F-8913-2012; Negrini, Matteo/C-8906-2014; Patrignani, Claudia/C-5223-2009; Monge, Maria Roberta/G-9127-2012; de Groot, Nicolo/A-2675-2009; Lista, Luca/C-5719-2008; Bellini, Fabio/D-1055-2009; Neri, Nicola/G-3991-2012; Luppi, Eleonora/A-4902-2015; Kravchenko, Evgeniy/F-5457-2015; Calabrese, Roberto/G-4405-2015; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/G-7212-2015; Martinez Vidal, F*/L-7563-2014; Kolomensky, Yury/I-3510-2015; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/J-5049-2012; Grancagnolo, Sergio/J-3957-2015; Lusiani, Alberto/N-2976-2015; Lusiani, Alberto/A-3329-2016; Morandin, Mauro/A-3308-2016; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013 OI Di Lodovico, Francesca/0000-0003-3952-2175; Calcaterra, Alessandro/0000-0003-2670-4826; Frey, Raymond/0000-0003-0341-2636; Peters, Klaus/0000-0001-7133-0662; Forti, Francesco/0000-0001-6535-7965; Rotondo, Marcello/0000-0001-5704-6163; de Sangro, Riccardo/0000-0002-3808-5455; Sarti, Alessio/0000-0001-5419-7951; Negrini, Matteo/0000-0003-0101-6963; Patrignani, Claudia/0000-0002-5882-1747; Monge, Maria Roberta/0000-0003-1633-3195; Bellini, Fabio/0000-0002-2936-660X; Neri, Nicola/0000-0002-6106-3756; Luppi, Eleonora/0000-0002-1072-5633; Calabrese, Roberto/0000-0002-1354-5400; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/0000-0002-4276-715X; Martinez Vidal, F*/0000-0001-6841-6035; Kolomensky, Yury/0000-0001-8496-9975; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/0000-0002-6520-4480; Grancagnolo, Sergio/0000-0001-8490-8304; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Morandin, Mauro/0000-0003-4708-4240; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982 NR 18 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 26 PY 2003 VL 91 IS 13 AR 131801 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.131801 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 725ZX UT WOS:000185573700011 ER PT J AU Bezuglyi, EV Vinokur, V AF Bezuglyi, EV Vinokur, V TI Heat transport in proximity structures SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CIRCUIT-THEORY; ANDREEV INTERFEROMETERS; THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY; INTERMEDIATE STATE; MICROSCOPIC THEORY; SUPERCONDUCTORS; CONDUCTANCE; THERMOPOWER; JUNCTIONS AB We study heat and charge transport through a normal diffusive wire coupled with a superconducting wire over the region smaller than the coherence length. Because of partial Andreev reflection of quasiparticles from the interface, the subgap thermal flow is essentially suppressed and approaches zero along with energy, which is specific for diffusive structures. Whereas the electric conductance shows a conventional reentrance effect, the thermal conductance kappa rapidly decreases with temperature which qualitatively explains the results of recent experiments. In the Andreev interferometer geometry, kappa experiences full-scale oscillations with the order parameter phase difference. C1 Inst Low Temp Phys & Engn, UA-61103 Kharkov, Ukraine. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Bezuglyi, EV (reprint author), Inst Low Temp Phys & Engn, UA-61103 Kharkov, Ukraine. NR 17 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 26 PY 2003 VL 91 IS 13 AR 137002 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.137002 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 725ZX UT WOS:000185573700044 PM 14525331 ER PT J AU Clatterbuck, DM Krenn, CR Cohen, ML Morris, JW AF Clatterbuck, DM Krenn, CR Cohen, ML Morris, JW TI Phonon instabilities and the ideal strength of aluminum SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-GAS; SOLIDS; PRINCIPLES; STABILITY; COPPER AB We have calculated the phonon spectra of aluminum as a function of strain using density functional perturbation theory for <110>, <100>, and <111> uniaxial tension, as well as relaxed <112>{111} shear. In all four cases, phonon instabilities occur at points away from the center of the Brillouin zone and intrude before the material becomes unstable according to elastic stability criteria. This is the first time the ideal strength of a metal has been shown to be dictated by instabilities in the acoustic phonon spectra. We go on to describe the crystallography of the unstable modes, all of which are shear in character. This work further suggests that shear failure is an inherent property of aluminum even in an initially dislocation-free perfect crystal. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Mat & Chem Sci, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Clatterbuck, DM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 27 TC 126 Z9 128 U1 0 U2 20 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 26 PY 2003 VL 91 IS 13 AR 135501 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.135501 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 725ZX UT WOS:000185573700026 PM 14525313 ER PT J AU Dodelson, S Hui, L AF Dodelson, S Hui, L TI Horizon ratio bound for inflationary fluctuations SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID COSMOLOGICAL PERTURBATIONS; DENSITY PERTURBATIONS; GRAVITATIONAL-WAVES; UNIVERSE SCENARIO; SPECTRUM; CONSTRAINTS; SCALE; FLATNESS; CREATION AB We demonstrate that the gravity wave background amplitude implies a robust upper bound on the wavelength-to-horizon ratio at the end of inflation: lambda/H(-1)less than or similar toe(60), as long as the cosmic energy density does not drop faster than radiation subsequent to inflation. This limit implies that N, the number of e-folds between horizon exit and the end of inflation for wave modes of interest, is less than or similar to60 plus a model-dependent factor-for vast classes of slow-roll models, Nless than or similar to67. As an example, this bound solidifies the tension between observations of the cosmic microwave background anisotropies and chaotic inflation with a phi(4) potential by closing the escape hatch of large N (<62). C1 NASA, Fermilab Astrophys Ctr, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Dodelson, S (reprint author), NASA, Fermilab Astrophys Ctr, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 41 TC 99 Z9 99 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 26 PY 2003 VL 91 IS 13 AR 131301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.131301 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 725ZX UT WOS:000185573700009 PM 12906468 ER PT J AU Guslienko, KY Novosad, V AF Guslienko, KY Novosad, V TI Comment on "Scaling approach to the magnetic phase diagram of nanosized systems" SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Editorial Material ID CYLINDER; VORTEX C1 Seagate Res, Pittsburgh, PA 15222 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Guslienko, KY (reprint author), Seagate Res, 1251 Waterfront Pl, Pittsburgh, PA 15222 USA. RI Novosad, Valentyn/C-2018-2014; Novosad, V /J-4843-2015 NR 6 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 26 PY 2003 VL 91 IS 13 AR 139701 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.139701 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 725ZX UT WOS:000185573700060 PM 14525347 ER PT J AU Holden, AAB Wardlaw, GM Reedyk, M Smith, JL AF Holden, AAB Wardlaw, GM Reedyk, M Smith, JL TI Emergence of coherent transport in UBe13: An optical investigation in both the normal and superconducting states SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRICAL-RESISTIVITY; MAGNETIC-FIELD; PSEUDOGAP; URU2SI2 AB The far-infrared reflectance of heavy-fermion superconductor UBe13 has been measured from 0.5 K in the superconducting state, to 300 K. Coherent transport, characterized by an optical conductivity that exhibits a renormalized Drude peak at low frequencies, emerges between 45 and 85 K although the dc resistivity of UBe13 continues to increase with decreasing temperature down to approximate to2.5 K. In the superconducting state, the low frequency scattering rate falls abruptly, implying that the formation of the condensate alters dramatically the interaction between the heavy electrons. C1 Brock Univ, Dept Phys, St Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Holden, AAB (reprint author), Brock Univ, Dept Phys, St Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada. NR 25 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 26 PY 2003 VL 91 IS 13 AR 136401 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.136401 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 725ZX UT WOS:000185573700036 PM 14525323 ER PT J AU Tracy, ER Kaufman, AN AF Tracy, ER Kaufman, AN TI Ray helicity: Geometric invariant for multidimensional resonant wave conversion SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LINEAR-MODE-CONVERSION; NORMAL FORMS; REDUCTION; EMISSION; OPTICS; ORDER AB For a multicomponent wave field propagating into a multidimensional conversion region, the rays are shown to be helical, in general. For a ray-based quantity to have a fundamental physical meaning, it must be invariant under the following two groups of transformations, which are used to construct solutions: congruence transformations (which involve linear combinations of components of the multicomponent wave field) and canonical transformations (which act on the ray phase space). It is shown that for conversion between two waves there is a new invariant not previously discussed: the intrinsic helicity of the ray. C1 Coll William & Mary, Dept Phys, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Tracy, ER (reprint author), Coll William & Mary, Dept Phys, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. NR 25 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 26 PY 2003 VL 91 IS 13 AR 130402 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.130402 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 725ZX UT WOS:000185573700002 PM 14525289 ER PT J AU Zhu, S Garg, U Nayak, BK Ghugre, SS Pattabiraman, NS Fossan, DB Koike, T Starosta, K Vaman, C Janssens, RVF Chakrawarthy, RS Whitehead, M Macchiavelli, AO Frauendorf, S AF Zhu, S Garg, U Nayak, BK Ghugre, SS Pattabiraman, NS Fossan, DB Koike, T Starosta, K Vaman, C Janssens, RVF Chakrawarthy, RS Whitehead, M Macchiavelli, AO Frauendorf, S TI A composite chiral pair of rotational bands in the odd-A nucleus Nd-135 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID COINCIDENCE DATA SETS; TRIAXIAL NUCLEI; TILTED ROTATION; SYMMETRY; CRANKING AB High-spin states in Nd-135 were populated with the Pd-110(Si-30,5n)Nd-135 reaction at a Si-30 bombarding energy of 133 MeV. Two DeltaI=1 bands with close excitation energies and the same parity were observed. These bands are directly linked by DeltaI=1 and DeltaI=2 transitions. The chiral nature of these two bands is confirmed by comparison with three-dimensional tilted axis cranking calculations. This is the first observation of a three-quasiparticle chiral structure and establishes the primarily geometric nature of this phenomenon. C1 Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. IUCDAEF, Calcutta Ctr, Kolkata 700094, W Bengal, India. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Manchester, Schuster Lab, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Zhu, S (reprint author), Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. NR 25 TC 78 Z9 82 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 26 PY 2003 VL 91 IS 13 AR 132501 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.132501 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 725ZX UT WOS:000185573700012 PM 14525299 ER PT J AU Budowle, B Schutzer, SE Einseln, A Kelley, LC Walsh, AC Smith, JAL Marrone, BL Robertson, J Campos, J AF Budowle, B Schutzer, SE Einseln, A Kelley, LC Walsh, AC Smith, JAL Marrone, BL Robertson, J Campos, J TI Building microbial forensics as a response to bioterrorism SO SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Fed Bur Invest, Lab Div, Quantico, VA 22135 USA. Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, New Jersey Med Sch, Dept Med, Newark, NJ 07103 USA. USDA, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30604 USA. New York State Dept Hlth, Wadsworth Ctr Labs & Res, Albany, NY 12201 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Childrens Natl Med Ctr, Dept Lab Med, Washington, DC 20010 USA. RP Budowle, B (reprint author), Fed Bur Invest, Lab Div, Quantico, VA 22135 USA. NR 10 TC 61 Z9 67 U1 3 U2 9 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD SEP 26 PY 2003 VL 301 IS 5641 BP 1852 EP 1853 DI 10.1126/science.1090083 PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 725GW UT WOS:000185536700029 PM 14512607 ER PT J AU Hu, FS Kaufman, D Yoneji, S Nelson, D Shemesh, A Huang, Y Tian, J Bond, G Clegg, B Brown, T AF Hu, FS Kaufman, D Yoneji, S Nelson, D Shemesh, A Huang, Y Tian, J Bond, G Clegg, B Brown, T TI Cyclic variation and solar forcing of Holocene climate in the Alaskan subarctic SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID NORTH-ATLANTIC; LATE-QUATERNARY; BIOGENIC-SILICA; ICE CORE; OXYGEN ISOTOPES; YOUNGER-DRYAS; RECORD; VEGETATION; TUNDRA; POLLEN AB High-resolution analyses of lake sediment from southwestern Alaska reveal cyclic variations in climate and ecosystems during the Holocene. These variations occurred with periodicities similar to those of solar activity and appear to be coherent with time series of the cosmogenic nuclides C-14 and Be-10 as well as North Atlantic drift ice. Our results imply that small variations in solar irradiance induced pronounced cyclic changes in northern high-latitude environments. They also provide evidence that centennial-scale shifts in the Holocene climate were similar between the subpolar regions of the North Atlantic and North Pacific, possibly because of Sun-ocean-climate linkages. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Univ Illinois, Program Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Geol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. No Arizona Univ, Dept Geol, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. No Arizona Univ, Dept Environm Sci, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Environm Sci, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. Brown Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Providence, RI 02912 USA. Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Palisades, NY 10964 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Hu, FS (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RI Nelson, David/D-5596-2009; Kaufman, Darrell/A-2471-2008 OI Nelson, David/0000-0003-2755-5535; Kaufman, Darrell/0000-0002-7572-1414 NR 41 TC 182 Z9 194 U1 3 U2 34 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD SEP 26 PY 2003 VL 301 IS 5641 BP 1890 EP 1893 DI 10.1126/science.1088568 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 725GW UT WOS:000185536700046 PM 14512624 ER PT J AU Thantu, N Schley, RS AF Thantu, N Schley, RS TI Ultrafast third-order nonlinear optical spectroscopy of chlorinated hydrocarbons SO VIBRATIONAL SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE intermolecular; inhomogeneous broadening; ultrafast molecular dynamics; reorientation; continuum generation ID INTERMOLECULAR DYNAMICS; LIQUIDS; KERR; BENZENE; MODES; SOLVENTS; WATER; RAMAN AB Time-resolved Raman induced Kerr effect spectroscopy in the optical heterodyne detection configuration has been employed to investigate intermolecular, intramolecular, and reorientational dynamics in neat trichloroethylene (TCE). The reorientation time constant is directly measured from the time-resolved data, while Fourier transformation of the time-resolved data yields the intermolecular and intramolecular vibrational spectrum. Use of ultrashort, femtosecond pulses enables excitation of depolarized Raman-active transitions between 1 and 500 cm(-1). The intramolecular vibrations have been identified using a previous assignment. The limitations imposed by the laser and detector noise, and other nonlinear optical processes that are manifest at high pulse intensities, on the use of this time-domain technique for performing chemical species detection are discussed using carbon tetrachloride as an example. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Thantu, N (reprint author), XonTech Inc, 6862 Hayvenhurst Ave, Van Nuys, CA 91406 USA. RI Schley, Robert/B-9124-2017 OI Schley, Robert/0000-0001-8907-6535 NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0924-2031 J9 VIB SPECTROSC JI Vib. Spectrosc. PD SEP 26 PY 2003 VL 32 IS 2 BP 215 EP 223 DI 10.1016/S0924-2031(03)00068-7 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA 718FM UT WOS:000185134500009 ER PT J AU Elci, A Flach, GP Molz, FJ AF Elci, A Flach, GP Molz, FJ TI Detrimental effects of natural vertical head gradients on chemical and water level measurements in observation wells: identification and control SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE ambient flow; monitoring well; hydraulic head gradients; numerical simulation; well screens ID HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY; FREE SURFACE; FLOW; SHALLOW; BIAS; AQUIFER; SEEPAGE AB It is well known that vertical head gradients exist in natural aquifer systems, and borehole flowmeter data have shown that such gradients commonly set up spontaneous vertical flows in monitoring wells, often called ambient flows. What has not been fully appreciated until recently is the serious detrimental effects such flows can have on solute concentration [Ground Water 39 (2001) 853] and hydraulic head measurements in monitoring wells. This communication explores the possibilities of diminishing ambient flows by increasing the hydraulic resistance to vertical flow within monitoring wells and limiting the penetration of such wells. Analyzed also are the surprising effects that vertical gradients may have on the equilibrium water level in a monitoring well. Results are based on collected data, numerical flow simulations, and hydraulic analysis in the near-well vicinity. Raising wellbore hydraulic resistance is of increasing importance and impact in thicker aquifers with higher horizontal hydraulic conductivities (K-h). A systematic analysis of screen penetration revealed that the reduction of ambient flow also depends on aquifer thickness. On a first order basis, the results for homogeneous aquifers may be used to estimate the behavior of a heterogeneous aquifer by computing a power-law average of the heterogeneous K-h(z). Finally, it is evident from the analysis of vertical gradients on well water levels that in the presence of sufficiently high gradients (partial derivativeh/partial derivativez > 0.5) it is physically possible for a well screen to be fully submerged below the water table, and yet have an internal water level below the top of the screen. Contrary to common perceptions, water levels in wells spanning the water table deviate significantly from the elevation of the formation water table when the local vertical gradient exceeds about 0.1. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Clemson Univ, Anderson, SC 29625 USA. Savannah River Technol Ctr, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. RP Molz, FJ (reprint author), Clemson Univ, 342 Comp Ct, Anderson, SC 29625 USA. RI Elci, Alper/B-6664-2009 OI Elci, Alper/0000-0002-8102-0438 NR 20 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1694 J9 J HYDROL JI J. Hydrol. PD SEP 25 PY 2003 VL 281 IS 1-2 BP 70 EP 81 DI 10.1016/S0022-1694(03)00201-4 PG 12 WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 732NH UT WOS:000185952100006 ER PT J AU Park, E Zhan, HB AF Park, E Zhan, HB TI Hydraulics of horizontal wells in fractured shallow aquifer systems SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE horizontal well; wellbore storage; skin effect; water table; leaky confined aquifer; fractured aquifer ID NUMERICAL INVERSION; LAPLACE TRANSFORMS; FINITE-DIAMETER; FLOW; RESERVOIR; SKIN AB An analysis of groundwater hydraulic head in the vicinity of a horizontal well in fractured or porous aquifers considering confined, leaky confined, and water-table aquifer boundary conditions is presented. Solutions for hydraulic heads in both leaky confined and water table aquifers are provided. The fracture model used in this study is the standard double-porosity model. The aquitard storage is included in the formula. Solutions for the confined and unconfined conditions, fractured and porous conditions, wellbore storage, and skin effect are compared. Several findings of this study are, (1) the influence of wellbore storage and skin upon the drawdown for a fractured confined aquifer is similar to that for a porous confined aquifer, (2) aquitard storage affects the intermediate time the most by delaying the drawdown, and (3) there is a significant difference,between the type curves of fractured and porous confined aquifers in most aquifer boundary conditions because of the contribution of matrix storage, and such a difference disappears at the later time. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Delft Univ Technol, Dept Civil Engn & Geosci, NL-2600 GA Delft, Netherlands. Texas A&M Univ, Dept Geol & Geophys, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Park, E (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM parke@ornl.gov; zhan@hydrog.tamu.edu RI Zhan, Hongbin/B-3464-2008 OI Zhan, Hongbin/0000-0003-2060-4904 NR 24 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1694 J9 J HYDROL JI J. Hydrol. PD SEP 25 PY 2003 VL 281 IS 1-2 BP 147 EP 158 DI 10.1016/S0022-1694(03)00206-3 PG 12 WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 732NH UT WOS:000185952100011 ER PT J AU Lightstone, JM Mann, HA Wu, M Johnson, PM White, MG AF Lightstone, JM Mann, HA Wu, M Johnson, PM White, MG TI Gas-phase production of molybdenum carbide, nitride, and sulfide clusters and nanocrystallites SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID METAL-CARBON NANOCRYSTALS; SONOCHEMICAL SYNTHESIS; THERMIONIC EMISSION; GEOMETRIC STRUCTURE; DELAYED IONIZATION; METALLOCARBOHEDRENES; CARBOHEDRENES; CARS; STABILITY; TITANIUM AB Molybdenum carbide, nitride, and sulfide clusters were created via laser ablation in the presence of dilute and neat reactive carrier gases. Distributions of the neutral products were characterized by time-of-flight mass spectrometry after photoionization with 193 nm radiation. The carbide clusters show an increase in ion intensity up to Mo8C12 at which point there is a sharp drop in intensity. The latter suggests that the Mo8C12 neutral or ion is particularly stable, which we attribute to a Met-Car-like structure analogous to that observed for other early transition-metal carbides. Carbide clusters containing 10-23 Mo atoms exhibit a MoxCx+3 stoichiometry, while those containing >23 Mo atoms are closer to MoxCx+2, indicative of near cubic nanocrystallite structures. At low mass (Mo-x, x less than or equal to 6), cluster ions produced in expansions of ammonia gas contained up to three nitrogen atoms; however, heavier species (Mo-x, x less than or equal to 40) appear to be pure molybdenum metal clusters. The mass distributions for the sulfide clusters indicate a "magic number" structure at Mo6S4+ which is attributed to a stable structure previously observed for the [Cu6S4](-) anion. Also, the dependence of cluster distributions on the fluence of the ionizing laser was investigated to gain insight on the observed cluster ion distributions using a simple, qualitative kinetic model. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11974 USA. RP White, MG (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 50 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 6 U2 29 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD SEP 25 PY 2003 VL 107 IS 38 BP 10359 EP 10366 DI 10.1021/jp027674b PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 722WW UT WOS:000185401900008 ER PT J AU Tarasevich, BJ Chusuei, CC Allara, DL AF Tarasevich, BJ Chusuei, CC Allara, DL TI Nucleation and growth of calcium phosphate from physiological solutions onto self-assembled templates by a solution-formed nucleus mechanism SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID SIMULATED BODY-FLUID; PHASE-SHIFT INTERFEROMETRY; 37 DEGREES-C; APATITE FORMATION; BONE SIALOPROTEIN; IN-VITRO; SYSTEM CA(OH)2-H3PO4-H2O; OCTACALCIUM PHOSPHATE; QUARTZ MICROBALANCE; THIN-FILM AB The nucleation and growth mechanisms of calcium phosphate were investigated using supersaturated solutions similar to physiological conditions and model self-assembled monolayer substrates tailored to have functional groups that mimicked chemistries found in bone organic matrices. Deposition kinetics were studied using an in situ microbalance and showed a long induction period followed by a second region of extensive growth, both of which depended on the solution supersaturation. Solution studies revealed that the growth of calcium phosphate onto the surfaces after the induction period corresponded to nucleation and growth in solution. Nuclei formed in solution, started to grow, adsorbed onto the substrates, and then grew further to form apatite films composed of coalesced, oriented crystallites. The solution-formed critical nucleus mechanism is in contrast to heterogeneous nucleation and reveals an important mechanism for calcium phosphate growth onto surfaces. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Missouri, Dept Chem, Rolla, MO 65409 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Chem, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Penn State Univ, Mat Res Inst, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Tarasevich, BJ (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 73 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 22 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD SEP 25 PY 2003 VL 107 IS 38 BP 10367 EP 10377 DI 10.1021/jp027445p PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 722WW UT WOS:000185401900009 ER PT J AU Schaaff, TG Rodinone, AJ AF Schaaff, TG Rodinone, AJ TI Preparation and characterization of silver sulfide nanocrystals generated from silver(I)-thiolate polymers SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID ION CONDUCTOR BETA-AG2S; QUANTUM-SIZED SILVER; SELF-ORGANIZATION; 3D SUPERLATTICES; THIN-FILMS; NANOPARTICLES; MOLECULES; CLUSTERS; MONOLAYERS; PARTICLES AB Silver sulfide nanocrystals have been formed by the conversion of silver thiolate polymers with sodium sulfide in a dual-phase solution preparation. From transmission electron microscopy and laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry, the mean nanocrystalline diameter is estimated to be 5.4 nm. Large-angle X-ray diffraction is qualitatively consistent with the rhombic phase (acanthite) of Ag2S. The removal of the silver thiolate polymer is confirmed by mass spectrometry, and initial results indicate that fractional crystallization may be utilized to separate these large nanocrystalline compounds by their respective core sizes. Optical absorption spectroscopy indicates a band gap of 1.1 eV, which is not shifted appreciably from the bulk value for this direct band gap semiconductor. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Schaaff, TG (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Rondinone, Adam/F-6489-2013 OI Rondinone, Adam/0000-0003-0020-4612 NR 35 TC 54 Z9 55 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD SEP 25 PY 2003 VL 107 IS 38 BP 10416 EP 10422 DI 10.1021/jp034979x PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 722WW UT WOS:000185401900015 ER PT J AU Trouw, FR Borodin, O Cook, JC Copley, JRD Smith, GD AF Trouw, FR Borodin, O Cook, JC Copley, JRD Smith, GD TI Quasielastic neutron-scattering study of the local dynamics of poly(ethylene glycol) dimethyl ether in aqueous solution SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID MONTE-CARLO CALCULATION; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; OXIDE) SOLUTIONS; WATER DYNAMICS; SIMULATIONS; 1,2-DIMETHOXYETHANE; CONFORMATIONS; DEPENDENCE; OLIGOMERS AB Neutron quasielastic scattering experiments were carried out on aqueous solutions of 500 u molecular weight poly(ethylene glycol) dimethyl ether (PEG-DME) in deuterated water. The intermediate scattering functions extracted from the measured neutron scattering can be fitted by a combination of a fast second-order exponential decay (t < 2 ps) and a slower first-order exponential decay. The analysis of the momentum transfer (Q) dependence of the decay constant for the slower component shows that it has an approximately constant value at Q's less than 13 nm(-1) and then increases linearly up to the highest momentum transfer (25 nm(-1)). Both the slope of the higher-Q linear region and the individual Q-dependent decay constants show a minimum in the PEG-DME weight fraction range of 0.6-0.9. Further analysis of the neutron-scattering data to check the effect of multiple scattering in the sample shows that only the shape of the fast decay (t < 2 ps) is affected by this correction. A direct quantitative comparison is made between experiment and molecular dynamics simulations. Fourier transforming the experimental data from the frequency domain into the time domain to yield the intermediate scattering function allows for a quantitative comparison with the equivalent function calculated from the simulations. Furthermore, a Monte Carlo simulation of the experiment based on simulation results is used to account for the effect of multiple scattering quantitatively, which represents a novel approach to dealing with the complications arising from multiple scattering. This correction is significant, resulting in excellent agreement between experiment and the simulations. Both simulation and experiment give rise to a maximum in the relaxation time for PEG-DME proton motion in the PEG-DME weight fraction range of 0.6-0.9. On the basis of the simulations, this maximum arises from competition between the slowing down of the torsional transitions due to hydrogen bonding between the water and the PEG-DME ether oxygens, and the addition of a sufficient quantity of water results in an increasing fraction of large water clusters and more mobile water (i.e., a low-viscosity solvent). The former dominates at low dilution, and the latter dominates at higher dilution, leading to the enhanced backbone motion of the PEG-DME and the observed maximum in the residence time of the PEG-DME protons as a function of composition. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Manuel Lujan Jr Neutron Scattering Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Utah, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. Univ Utah, Dept Chem & Fuels Engn, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. RP Trouw, FR (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Manuel Lujan Jr Neutron Scattering Ctr, POB 1663,MS H805, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM trouw@lanl.gov RI Borodin, Oleg/B-6855-2012; Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012 OI Borodin, Oleg/0000-0002-9428-5291; NR 27 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD SEP 25 PY 2003 VL 107 IS 38 BP 10446 EP 10452 DI 10.1021/jp035234u PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 722WW UT WOS:000185401900019 ER PT J AU Lin, Y Hill, DE Bentley, J Allard, LF Sun, YP AF Lin, Y Hill, DE Bentley, J Allard, LF Sun, YP TI Characterization of functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes at individual nanotube-thin bundle level SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID CHEMISTRY; POLYMERS AB Individual and thin bundles of aminopolymer-functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) were successfully imaged using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM). The corresponding electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) characterization of the same TEM specimen before and after ex situ thermal defunctionalization confirmed that the nanotube surface was covered with nitrogen-containing functionalities in the functionalized SWNT sample. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, High Temp Mat Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Clemson Univ, Dept Chem, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. Clemson Univ, Ctr Adv Engn Fibers & Films, Howard L Hunter Chem Lab, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. RP Allard, LF (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, High Temp Mat Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 22 TC 61 Z9 63 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD SEP 25 PY 2003 VL 107 IS 38 BP 10453 EP 10457 DI 10.1021/jp0306141 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 722WW UT WOS:000185401900020 ER PT J AU Gattas-Asfura, KM Zheng, YJ Micic, M Snedaker, MJ Ji, XJ Sui, GD Orbulescu, J Andreopoulos, FM Pham, SM Wang, CM Leblanc, RM AF Gattas-Asfura, KM Zheng, YJ Micic, M Snedaker, MJ Ji, XJ Sui, GD Orbulescu, J Andreopoulos, FM Pham, SM Wang, CM Leblanc, RM TI Immobilization of quantum dots in the photo-cross-linked poly(ethylene glycol)-based hydrogel SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID PEG-BASED HYDROGEL; IN-VIVO; SEMICONDUCTOR NANOCRYSTALS; POLYETHYLENE-GLYCOL; PROTEIN PEGYLATION; CDTE NANOPARTICLES; GLUCOSE-OXIDASE; CDSE; RELEASE; SPECTROSCOPY AB An inorganic/organic composite hybrid nano-system has been successfully synthesized in which nanocrystalline quantum dots (QDs) were effectively immobilized within a photo-cross-linked poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) hydrogel. The immobilization of 3.5-6.0 nm CdTe and 2.0-3.5 nm CdSe QDs within the PEG hydrogel network has been shown to be effective through utilization of physical trapping. These QD-immobilized gel systems demonstrated luminescence characteristics unique to semiconductor QD nanocrystals. Controlled particle extraction from the PEG hydrogel matrix may be possible via a photocleavage process. The solubility property of QDs was controlled through surface functionalization. It is envisioned that the unique photophysical properties of this new material can be utilized as a convenient signal transducer for chemo-/bio-sensing. A promising application of the described QD/PEG-NC hybrid system may be in the fields of fluoroimmunoassay and as a monitoring system for drug delivery and wound healing. C1 Univ Miami, Dept Chem, Coral Gables, FL 33146 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental Sci Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Miami, Sch Med, Dept Surg, Miami, FL 33136 USA. Univ Miami, Dept Biomed Engn, Miami, FL 33136 USA. RP Leblanc, RM (reprint author), Univ Miami, Dept Chem, Coral Gables, FL 33146 USA. RI Zheng, Yujun/H-9122-2012; Zheng, Yujun/P-8975-2014; Orbulescu, Jhony/D-7829-2012 OI Orbulescu, Jhony/0000-0001-9408-9787 NR 68 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 2 U2 40 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD SEP 25 PY 2003 VL 107 IS 38 BP 10464 EP 10469 DI 10.1021/jp0358001 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 722WW UT WOS:000185401900022 ER PT J AU Tang, RK Orme, CA Nancollas, GH AF Tang, RK Orme, CA Nancollas, GH TI A new understanding of demineralization: The dynamics of brushite dissolution SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; EQUILIBRIUM SOLUBILITY BEHAVIOR; GROWTH; PHOSPHATE; SURFACE; MORPHOLOGY; KINETICS; CALCITE; BONE AB In situ atomic force microscopic studies of brushite dissolution suggest an exactly analogous mechanism to that of crystallization in which embryo formation takes place only after critical conditions are reached. Experimentally, the relationship between the spreading rate of dissolution steps and their sizes is first measured and the elimination of active dissolution sites is observed at different undersaturations. The results reinforce our previous "self-inhibition" model in which the dissolution rates decrease with time and the reactions are effectively suppressed. The data suggest a metastable zone for dissolution in undersaturated solutions, and this is confirmed by constant composition dissolution experiments near equilibrium. Clearly, it is important to understand the mechanism of dissolution when attempts are made to measure, experimentally, the solubilities of sparingly soluble minerals. Surface dissolution pits not only play important roles in dissolution kinetics, but also they can directly influence crystal morphology. C1 SUNY Buffalo, Dept Chem, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Chem & Mat Sci, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Nancollas, GH (reprint author), SUNY Buffalo, Dept Chem, Nat Sci Complex, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. RI Orme, Christine/A-4109-2009 NR 27 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 2 U2 17 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD SEP 25 PY 2003 VL 107 IS 38 BP 10653 EP 10657 DI 10.1021/jp0346312 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 722WW UT WOS:000185401900049 ER PT J AU Zhu, P Li, JCM Liu, CT AF Zhu, P Li, JCM Liu, CT TI Adiabatic temperature of combustion synthesis of Al-Ni systems SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE combustion synthesis; aluminum; nickel; intermetallics; nickel aluminides; self-propagating high-temperature synthesis; enthalpy of Ni/Al liquid solutions; adiabatic temperature of Ni/Al combustion ID THERMODYNAMIC ASSESSMENT; PROPAGATION; ALLOYS; WAVE AB The adiabatic reaction temperature of stoichiometric Ni+Al and 3Ni+Al elemental mixtures and non-stoichiometric Ni/Al reaction systems under various initial conditions are calculated and compared with experiments. The experiments are based on the measurement of temperature-time profiles of the combustion reactions carried out in a nearly adiabatic condition. The adiabatic reaction temperature changes with the fraction of Ni with a maximum at about equal atomic ratio. The experimental results are in good agreement with the calculations. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Rochester, Coll Arts Sci & Engn, Dept Mech Engn, Mat Sci Program, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Li, JCM (reprint author), Univ Rochester, Coll Arts Sci & Engn, Dept Mech Engn, Mat Sci Program, 221 Hopeman Bldg, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. OI Liu, Chain Tsuan/0000-0001-7888-9725 NR 30 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 2 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD SEP 25 PY 2003 VL 357 IS 1-2 BP 248 EP 257 DI 10.1016/S0921-5093(03)00249-1 PG 10 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 711XV UT WOS:000184767100030 ER PT J AU Caldeira, K Wickett, ME AF Caldeira, K Wickett, ME TI Anthropogenic carbon and ocean pH SO NATURE LA English DT Editorial Material ID DIOXIDE; CYCLE; CO2 C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Energy & Environm Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Appl Sci Comp, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Caldeira, K (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Energy & Environm Directorate, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM kenc@llnl.gov RI Caldeira, Ken/E-7914-2011; kohki, sowa/D-2955-2011 NR 13 TC 1425 Z9 1496 U1 69 U2 572 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD SEP 25 PY 2003 VL 425 IS 6956 BP 365 EP 365 DI 10.1038/425365a PG 1 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 724TG UT WOS:000185502300029 PM 14508477 ER PT J AU Birse, MC Kao, CW Nayak, GC AF Birse, MC Kao, CW Nayak, GC TI Screening and antiscreening in anisotropic QED and QCD plasmas SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; HARD THERMAL LOOPS; TRANSPORT-THEORY; PREEQUILIBRIUM EVOLUTION; EQUILIBRATION AB We use a transport-theory approach to construct the static propagator of a gauge boson in a plasma with a general axially- and reflection-symmetric momentum distribution. Non-zero magnetic screening is found if the distribution is anisotropic, confirming the results of a closed-time-path-integral approach. We find that the electric and magnetic screening effects depend on both the orientation of the momentum carried by the boson and the orientation of its polarization. In some orientations there can be antiscreening, reflecting the instabilities of such a medium. We present some fairly general conditions on the dependence of these effects on the anisotropy. (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Univ Manchester, Dept Phys & Astron, Theoret Phys Grp, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Birse, MC (reprint author), Univ Manchester, Dept Phys & Astron, Theoret Phys Grp, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. NR 24 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD SEP 25 PY 2003 VL 570 IS 3-4 BP 171 EP 179 DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2003.08.007 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 723DP UT WOS:000185417400006 ER PT J AU Capstick, S Page, PR Roberts, W AF Capstick, S Page, PR Roberts, W TI Interpretation of the Theta+ as an isotensor pentaquark with weakly decaying partners SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article DE pentaquark; isotensor; weak decay ID SKYRME MODEL; QUARK-MODEL; BARYONS; DECUPLET; STATES AB The Theta(+)(1540), recently observed at LEPS, DIANA and CLAS, is hypothesized to be an isotensor resonance. This implies the existence of a multiplet where the Theta(++), Theta(+) and Theta(0) have isospin-violating strong decays, and the Theta(+++) and Theta(-) have weak decays and so are long-lived. Production mechanisms for the weakly-decaying states are discussed. The J(P) assignment of the Theta is most likely 1/2(-) or 3/2(-). (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Florida State Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Old Dominion Univ, Dept Phys, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Theory Grp, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Capstick, S (reprint author), Florida State Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. RI Page, Philip/L-1885-2015 OI Page, Philip/0000-0002-2201-6703 NR 29 TC 97 Z9 98 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD SEP 25 PY 2003 VL 570 IS 3-4 BP 185 EP 190 DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2003.08.010 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 723DP UT WOS:000185417400008 ER PT J AU Yu, PQ McKinnon, JJ Christensen, CR Christensen, DA Marinkovic, NS Miller, LM AF Yu, PQ McKinnon, JJ Christensen, CR Christensen, DA Marinkovic, NS Miller, LM TI Chemical imaging of microstructures of plant tissues within cellular dimension using synchrotron infrared microspectroscopy SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE synchrotron; infrared microspectroscopy; chemical imaging; plant tissue; feed chemistry; ultraspatial resolutions AB Synchrotron radiation-based Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy (SR-FTIR) is an advanced bioanalytical technique capable of exploring the chemistry within microstructures of plant and animal tissues with a high signal to noise ratio at high ultraspatial resolutions (3-10 mum) without destruction of the intrinsic structures of a tissue. This technique is able to provide information relating to the quantity, composition, structure, and distribution of chemical constituents and functional groups in a tissue. The objective of this study was to illustrate how the SR-FTIR technique can be used to image inherent structures of plant tissues on a cellular level (pixel size, similar to10 mum x 10 mum). The results showed that with the extremely bright synchrotron light, spectra with high signal to noise ratios were obtained from areas as small as 10 mum x 10 mum in the plant tissue, which allowed us to "see" plant tissue in a chemical sense on a cellular level. The ultraspatial resolved imaging of plant tissues by stepping in pixel-sized increments was obtained. Chemical distributions of plant tissues such as lignin, cellulose, protein, lipid, and total carbohydrate could be mapped. These images revealed the chemical information of plant intrinsic structure. In conclusion, SR-FTIR can provide chemical and functional characteristics of plant tissue at high ultraspatial resolutions. The SR-FTIR microspectroscopic images can generate spatially localized functional group and chemical information within cellular dimensions. C1 Univ Saskatchewan, Coll Agr, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada. BioMed Imaging Grp, Saskatoon, SK S7K 6M6, Canada. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Yu, PQ (reprint author), Univ Saskatchewan, Coll Agr, 51 Campus Dr, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada. RI Marinkovic, Nebojsa/A-1137-2016 OI Marinkovic, Nebojsa/0000-0003-3579-3453 NR 12 TC 53 Z9 55 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD SEP 24 PY 2003 VL 51 IS 20 BP 6062 EP 6067 DI 10.1021/jf034654d PG 6 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 722XK UT WOS:000185403200038 PM 13129317 ER PT J AU Corrales, LR Weber, WJ Chartier, A Meis, C Crocombette, JP AF Corrales, LR Weber, WJ Chartier, A Meis, C Crocombette, JP TI Comment on 'large swelling and percolation in irradiated zircon' SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Editorial Material ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATION; DISPLACEMENT CASCADES; DEFECT PRODUCTION; RADIATION-DAMAGE; SOLIDS; COPPER; IRON AB A recent model for the large radiation-induced swelling exhibited by irradiated zircon (ZrSiO4) is partially based on results of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of the partial overlap of two collision cascades that predict a densified boundary of polymerized silica and the scattering of the second cascade away from the densified boundary (Trachenko et al 2003 J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 15 L1). These MD simulations are based on an atomic interaction potential for zircon (Trachenko et al 2001 J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 13 1947), which, according to our analysis, only reproduces some of the crystallographic properties at equilibrium and does not adequately describe the atomic scattering physics for zircon, and on simulation methodologies for energetic events that are ill defined. In fact, the interatomic potential model used by Trachenko et al yields a significantly more rigid structure, with very high Frenkel defect formation energies and extremely low entropy and specific heat capacity. Consequently, the reported results of the cascade simulations, which are events far from equilibrium, may be artifacts of both the potential model and simulation methodologies employed. Thus, the structural changes predicted by the simulations must be viewed cautiously, as these simulation results cannot be taken as confirmation of a new scattering physics process that is the basis for the proposed swelling model. In this comment, the deficiencies in the atomic interaction potential and methodologies employed by these authors are critically reviewed, and the validity of the cascade overlap simulations and proposed physics is discussed. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental Sci Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA. CEA, Ctr Etudes Nucl Saclay, DEN, SRMP, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. RP Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental Sci Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM rene.corrales@pn1.gov RI Weber, William/A-4177-2008; Crocombette, Jean-Paul/E-7681-2012 OI Weber, William/0000-0002-9017-7365; Crocombette, Jean-Paul/0000-0001-9543-3973 NR 26 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 EI 1361-648X J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD SEP 24 PY 2003 VL 15 IS 37 BP 6447 EP 6456 AR PII S0953-8984(03)63487-9 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/15/37/N01 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 731WQ UT WOS:000185909800019 ER PT J AU Lai, JR Shafi, KVPM Loos, K Ulman, A Lee, Y Vogt, T Estournes, C AF Lai, JR Shafi, KVPM Loos, K Ulman, A Lee, Y Vogt, T Estournes, C TI Doping gamma-Fe2O3 nanoparticles with Mn(III) suppresses the transition to the alpha-Fe2O3 structure SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID NANOCRYSTALLINE GAMMA-FE2O3; FERRITES; SIZE C1 Polytech Univ, Dept Chem Engn Chem & Mat Sci, Metrotech Ctr 6, Brooklyn, NY 11201 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Inst Phys & Chim Mat Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France. RP Ulman, A (reprint author), Polytech Univ, Dept Chem Engn Chem & Mat Sci, Metrotech Ctr 6, Brooklyn, NY 11201 USA. RI Loos, Katja/B-9792-2008; Vogt, Thomas /A-1562-2011; Lee, Yongjae/K-6566-2016; ESTOURNES, Claude/F-2322-2017 OI Loos, Katja/0000-0002-4613-1159; Vogt, Thomas /0000-0002-4731-2787; ESTOURNES, Claude/0000-0001-8381-8454 NR 22 TC 56 Z9 57 U1 2 U2 13 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 24 PY 2003 VL 125 IS 38 BP 11470 EP 11471 DI 10.1021/ja035409d PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 728HE UT WOS:000185711100008 PM 13129329 ER PT J AU Doshi, DA Gibaud, A Goletto, V Lu, MC Gerung, H Ocko, B Han, SM Brinker, CJ AF Doshi, DA Gibaud, A Goletto, V Lu, MC Gerung, H Ocko, B Han, SM Brinker, CJ TI Peering into the self-assembly of surfactant templated thin-film silica mesophases SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID MESOPOROUS SILICA; IN-SITU; CETYLTRIMETHYLAMMONIUM BROMIDE; MESOSCOPIC SILICA; SPECTROSCOPY; WATER; NANOSTRUCTURES; POLYMERIZATION; MECHANISM; EVOLUTION AB It is now recognized that self-assembly is a powerful synthetic approach to the fabrication of nanostructures with feature sizes smaller than achievable with state of the art lithography and with a complexity approaching that of biological systems. For example, recent research has shown that silica/surfactant self-assembly combined with evaporation (so-called evaporation induced self-assembly EISA) can direct the formation of porous and composite thin-film mesostructures characterized by precise periodic arrangements of inorganic and organic constituents on the 1-50-nm scale. Despite the potential utility of these films for a diverse range of applications such as sensors, membranes, catalysts, waveguides, lasers, nano-fluidic systems, and low dielectric constant (so-called low k) insulators, the mechanism of EISA is not yet completely understood. Here, using time-resolved grazing incidence small-angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS) combined with gravimetric analysis and infrared spectroscopy, we structurally and compositionally characterize in situ the evaporation induced self-assembly of a homogeneous silica/surfactant/solvent solution into a highly ordered surfactant-templated mesostructure. Using CTAB (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide) as the structure-directing surfactant, a two-dimensional (2-D) hexagonal thin-film mesophase (p6mm) with cylinder axes oriented parallel to the substrate surface forms from an incipient lamellar mesophase through a correlated micellar intermediate. Comparison with the corresponding CTAB/water/alcohol system (prepared without silica) shows that, for acidic conditions in which the siloxane condensation rate is minimized, the hydrophilic and nonvolatile silicic acid components replace water maintaining a fluidlike state that avoids kinetic barriers to self-assembly. C1 Univ New Mexico, Dept Chem & Nucl Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Univ New Mexico, Ctr Microengineered Mat, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. Univ Paris 06, F-75005 Paris, France. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Brinker, CJ (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Chem & Nucl Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. NR 44 TC 150 Z9 150 U1 9 U2 79 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 24 PY 2003 VL 125 IS 38 BP 11646 EP 11655 DI 10.1021/ja0295523 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 728HE UT WOS:000185711100048 PM 13129369 ER PT J AU Keeffe, JR Gronert, S Colvin, ME Tran, NL AF Keeffe, JR Gronert, S Colvin, ME Tran, NL TI Identity proton-transfer reactions from C-H, N-H, and O-H acids. An ab initio, DFT, and CPCM-B3LYP aqueous solvent model study SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID DELOCALIZED CONJUGATE BASES; TRANSITION-STATE STRUCTURES; GAS-PHASE; HYDROGEN-BONDS; NONPERFECT SYNCHRONIZATION; INTRINSIC BARRIERS; NUCLEOPHILIC DISPLACEMENTS; DEPROTONATION REACTIONS; BRONSTED COEFFICIENTS; RATE CONSTANTS AB Identity proton-transfer reactions between 21 acids, Y-X-H, and their conjugate bases, X--Y, were studied according to the reaction scheme, Y-X-H + X--Y --> (Y-X-H....-X-Y)(cx) --> [Y-(XHX)-H-...-X-...-Y](ts) --> (Y-X-....H-X-Y)(cx) --> Y-X- + H-X-Y, where cx indicates an ion-molecule complex and ts indicates the proton-transfer transition state. All species were optimized at the MP2/6-311+G** level, and these geometries were used for single-point calculations by other methods: coupled-cluster, DFT (gas phase), and a polarizable continuum aqueous solvent model (COSMO). All methods gave enthalpies of deprotonation which correlate well with experimental measurements of DeltaH(ACID) (gas) or pK(a) (aq). Calculated gas-phase enthalpies of deprotonation (DeltaH(ACID)) and enthalpies of activation (DeltaH(double dagger)) are poorly correlated except for small, carefully selected sets. This result stands in contrast to the many aqueous phase Bronsted correlations of kinetic and equilibrium acid strength. On the other hand, gas-phase enthalpies of complexation and DeltaH(double dagger) are well correlated, indicating that factors which stabilize the transition state are at work in the bimolecular ion-molecule complex although to a smaller degree. We infer that intermoiety electrostatic and other interactions, similar within the complex and the transition state, but absent in the separated reactants (products), cause the lack of correlation between DeltaH(ACID) and the other two quantities. Such differences are strongly attenuated in water because reactants and products do interact with polar/polarizable matter (the solvent) if not with each other. Charge distributions (NPA) were computed, allowing calculation of Bernasconi's "transition state imbalance parameter". Such measures provide intuitively satisfactory trends, but only if the reaction termini, X, are kept the same. As X is made more electronegative, the magnitude of the apparent imbalance increases, a result of greater negative charge on X in the transition state. This result gives additional support for the importance of the ion-triplet structure, [YX-...H+....-XY], to the stability of the transition state. Additional qualitative support for this conclusion is provided by the inverse relationship between the activation barrier and the charge on the in-flight hydrogen in the transition state, and by the dominance of polar over resonance substituent effects on the stability of the transition state. Calculations also show that the "nitroalkane anomaly", well established in solution, does not exist in the gas phase. The COSMO model partly reproduces this anomaly and performs adequately except when strong, specific intermolecular forces such as hydrogen bonding between solvent and anions are important. C1 San Francisco State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, San Francisco, CA 94132 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Comp Sci, Computat Biol Grp, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Comp Sci, Biotechnol Res Program, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Merced, Dept Chem, Merced, CA 95344 USA. RP Keeffe, JR (reprint author), San Francisco State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, 1600 Holloway Ave, San Francisco, CA 94132 USA. RI Gronert, Scott/C-2304-2016 OI Gronert, Scott/0000-0002-0408-9765 NR 77 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 2 U2 13 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 24 PY 2003 VL 125 IS 38 BP 11730 EP 11745 DI 10.1021/ja0356683 PG 16 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 728HE UT WOS:000185711100057 PM 13129378 ER PT J AU Bontchev, RP Liu, S Krumhansl, JL Voigt, J Nenoff, TM AF Bontchev, RP Liu, S Krumhansl, JL Voigt, J Nenoff, TM TI Synthesis, characterization, and ion exchange properties of hydrotalcite Mg6Al2(OH)(16)(A)(x)(A ')(2-x)center dot 4H(2)O (A, A ' = Cl-, Br, I-, and NO3-, 2 >= x >= 0) derivatives SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID LAYERED DOUBLE HYDROXIDES; INTERCALATION CHEMISTRY; THERMAL-DECOMPOSITION; PYROAURITE; BEHAVIOR; SORPTION; AL AB A series of monovalent anion-containing hydrotalcites (HTCs) with the general formula Mg6Al2(OH)(16)(A)(x)(A')(2-x).4H(2)O (A, A' = Cl-, Br-, I-, and NO3-, 2 greater than or equal to x greater than or equal to 0) have been studied. Samples were synthesized by three different methods: ion exchange (IE), hydrothermal (HT), and recrystallization based on "memory effect" (ME). The physical, structural, and chemical characteristics and properties of the HTCs have been studied as a function of the synthetic methods and anions used. All three synthetic methods produced HTCs of good crystallinity and uniform particle size. When a second (A') or all four (Cl-, Br-, I-, NO3-) anions were present together with an A-HTC in an aqueous medium, the order of ion exchange preference was Br- > Cl- > NO3- > I-. When using one-pot synthetic methods (HT, ME), the same order of anion incorporation preference, Br- > Cl- > NO3- > I-, was observed. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Nenoff, TM (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,MS 0734, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 21 TC 79 Z9 83 U1 0 U2 30 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0897-4756 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD SEP 23 PY 2003 VL 15 IS 19 BP 3669 EP 3675 DI 10.1021/cm034231r PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 723AU UT WOS:000185410900016 ER PT J AU Sanderson, TR Marsden, RG Tranquille, C Dalla, S Forsyth, RJ Gosling, JT McKibben, RB AF Sanderson, TR Marsden, RG Tranquille, C Dalla, S Forsyth, RJ Gosling, JT McKibben, RB TI Propagation of energetic particles in the high-latitude high-speed solar wind SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article AB [1] We present observations of energetic particles in the energy range similar to 1 MeV to similar to 100 MeV made by the COSPIN instrument on board the Ulysses spacecraft during the recent second northern polar pass. For a short time during this pass the Ulysses spacecraft was at high heliographic latitude, above the current sheet, and immersed in high-speed solar-wind flow coming from the northern polar coronal hole. Four large solar energetic particle events were observed. For the first two or three days of each event, the spacecraft was in a homogeneous region devoid of any structures. We discuss the rise to maximum of these events. We examine the onset time and the anisotropy of the energetic particles. We find that during these events the particle angular distributions were almost isotropic, but with a net outward flow along the magnetic field lines. We conclude that particles reached these high latitudes traveling along the magnetic field lines. We do not find any evidence for cross field diffusion at Ulysses. C1 European Space Agcy, ESTEC, Res & Sci Support Dept, NL-2200 AG Noordwijk, Netherlands. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, London, England. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RP Sanderson, TR (reprint author), European Space Agcy, ESTEC, Res & Sci Support Dept, NL-2200 AG Noordwijk, Netherlands. NR 6 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD SEP 23 PY 2003 VL 30 IS 19 AR 8036 DI 10.1029/2003GL017306 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 727FY UT WOS:000185649000001 ER PT J AU Lin, Y Zhou, B Fernando, KAS Liu, P Allard, LF Sun, YP AF Lin, Y Zhou, B Fernando, KAS Liu, P Allard, LF Sun, YP TI Polymeric carbon nanocomposites from carbon nanotubes functionalized with matrix polymer SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; SELECTIVE INTERACTION; CONJUGATED POLYMERS; POLYVINYL ALCOHOL); COMPOSITES; POLYSTYRENE; SOLUBILIZATION; LUMINESCENCE; DISSOLUTION AB Single-walled and multiple-walled carbon nanotubes were functionalized with poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) in esterification reactions. Similar to the parent PVA, the functionalized carbon nanotube samples are soluble in highly polar solvents such as DMSO and water. The common solubilities have allowed the intimate mixing of the functionalized nanotubes with the matrix polymer for the wet-casting of nanocomposite thin films. The PVA-carbon nanotube composite films are of high optical quality, without any observable phase separation, and the carbon nanotubes in the films are as well-dispersed as in solution. The functionalization of carbon nanotubes by the matrix polymer is apparently an effective way in the homogeneous nanotube dispersion for high-quality polymeric carbon nanocomposite materials. Results from characterizations of the solubilized carbon nanotubes and the nanocomposite thin films are presented and discussed. C1 Clemson Univ, Howard L Hunter Chem Lab, Dept Chem, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. Clemson Univ, Howard L Hunter Chem Lab, Ctr Adv Engn Fibers & Films, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, High Temp Mat Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Sun, YP (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Howard L Hunter Chem Lab, Dept Chem, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. NR 53 TC 367 Z9 385 U1 7 U2 111 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD SEP 23 PY 2003 VL 36 IS 19 BP 7199 EP 7204 DI 10.1021/ma0348876 PG 6 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 723QT UT WOS:000185443600035 ER PT J AU Rousse, S Gilder, S Farber, D McNulty, B Patriat, P Torres, V Sempere, T AF Rousse, S Gilder, S Farber, D McNulty, B Patriat, P Torres, V Sempere, T TI Paleomagnetic tracking of mountain building in the Peruvian Andes since 10 Ma SO TECTONICS LA English DT Article DE paleomagnetism; Andes; Peru; Cenozoic; South America ID TRUE POLAR WANDER; CLOCKWISE BLOCK ROTATIONS; VERTICAL-AXIS ROTATION; NAZCA-SOUTH-AMERICA; NORTHERN CHILE; TECTONIC ROTATIONS; LATE TERTIARY; PLATE MOTIONS; GEODYNAMIC EVOLUTION; BOLIVIAN OROCLINE AB [1] We report paleomagnetic data from 73 sites (628 samples) of upper Oligocene to Pliocene rocks from central and northern Peru. The data indicate that the Subandean Zone has not experienced vertical axis rotation since the upper Oligocene, whereas the coast and the Western Cordillera record a coherent pattern of counterclockwise rotations emplaced in the last 10 Ma. This pattern can best be explained by two competing hypotheses: (1) a propagation in rotations from the Bolivian Orocline toward the north or (2) a more punctual and widespread event linked to subduction of the Nazca Ridge that caused the rotations. On the basis of the time-space relationship of paleomagnetic rotations, deformation, magmatism and Nazca-South America plate convergence, the latter appears more likely. Moreover, because the rotations north of the Abancay deflection (similar to15.5degreesS) are synchronous with deformation and exhumation, they indicate that major mountain building in the Peruvian Andes has occurred since 10 Ma. Finally, we suggest that a succession of aseismic ridge subduction events played an important role in shaping the modern topography of the Andean chain. C1 Inst Phys Globe, Lab Paleomagnetisme, F-75252 Paris 05, France. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Calif State Univ Dominguez Hills, Dept Earth Sci, Carson, CA 90747 USA. INGEMMET, Lima 41, Peru. IRD, Lima 18, Peru. RP Rousse, S (reprint author), Inst Phys Globe, Lab Paleomagnetisme, 4 Pl Jussieu, F-75252 Paris 05, France. RI Farber, Daniel/F-9237-2011; Sempere, Thierry/B-7211-2014; Gilder, Stuart/B-1871-2016; ipgp, Laboratoire geoscien/F-8471-2010 OI Gilder, Stuart/0000-0001-8724-7812; NR 90 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0278-7407 J9 TECTONICS JI Tectonics PD SEP 23 PY 2003 VL 22 IS 5 AR 1048 DI 10.1029/2003TC001508 PG 21 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 727HT UT WOS:000185653100002 ER PT J AU Young, DL Crandall, RS AF Young, DL Crandall, RS TI An electrostatic barrier to trap filling in CuIn1-xGaxSe2 SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PHOTOVOLTAIC DEVICES; DEFECT STATES; GA-CONTENT; SPECTROSCOPY; CU(IN,GA)SE-2; DENSITIES; JUNCTIONS; CUINSE2; FILMS; BULK AB Voltage pulses of variable length were applied to CuIn1-xGaxSe2/CdS (0 H+CO2 SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID POTENTIAL-ENERGY SURFACE; CORRELATED MOLECULAR CALCULATIONS; GAUSSIAN-BASIS SETS; QUANTUM CALCULATIONS; TRIATOMIC-MOLECULES; SEMICLASSICAL EIGENVALUES; BIMOLECULAR REACTIONS; WAVE-FUNCTIONS; CROSSED-BEAM; CO AB A new, full-dimensional potential energy surface has been constructed to describe the OH+CO<---->H+CO2 reactive system. The new surface modifies the existing many body expansion potential of Bradley and Schatz based on recent ab initio calculations and incorporates an entirely new hybrid surface to accurately describe the OH+CO entrance channel and two possible van der Waals complexes, OH-CO and OH-OC. Quasiclassical trajectory calculations have been performed for the reaction OH+CO-->H+CO2 using the new surface in order to examine the impact of the changes in the surface, to evaluate the accuracy of the surface by comparing to experimental results, and to investigate the reaction dynamics of this interesting complex-forming system. It is shown that the improvement in the description of the entrance channel has a rather large effect on overall reactivity and response to reagent rotational and vibrational excitation, but has little effect on various product properties such as angular and translational energy distributions, which still compare well to experiment. Also, although the reaction forms the intermediate complex HOCO, it is shown that energy is not completely equilibrated among all internal modes and, as a result, there is a strong correlation between reagent and product excitation. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Schatz, GC (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. NR 52 TC 77 Z9 77 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD SEP 22 PY 2003 VL 119 IS 12 BP 5848 EP 5859 DI 10.1063/1.1602061 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 717XU UT WOS:000185116700010 ER PT J AU Balasubramanian, K Siekhaus, WJ McLean, W AF Balasubramanian, K Siekhaus, WJ McLean, W TI Potential energy surfaces for the uranium hydriding reaction SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MATRIX INFRARED-SPECTRA; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; SOLID ARGON; IR-SPECTRA; MOLECULES; KINETICS; HYDROGEN; ATOMS; METAL; INSERTION AB We have computed the potential energy surfaces for the low-lying electronic states of uranium hydrides, UHn (n=1-3), which are important in the uranium hydriding reactions. We have employed a number of computational methods including the complete active space multiconfiguration self-consistent field followed by multireference relativistic configuration interaction computations with spin-orbit coupling that included up to 6 million configurations. We find that the activation barrier to insert uranium into H-2 is reduced substantially by spin-orbit coupling, and the product species UH2 in its A(1) spin-orbit ground state is substantially stable over U(L-5)+H-2 dissociated products. We have found two electronic states for UH to be quite close to each other, and depending on the level of theory the relative ordering of the (6)Lambda and I-4 states changes, I-4 state being the lowest at the highest second-order configuration interaction level. The UH2 species also exhibits a similar feature in that the triplet state is favored at the single-reference second-order Moller-Plesset and coupled cluster levels, while the quintet state is favored at the multireference and density functional theory levels. The UH3 species is extremely floppy, exhibiting an inversion potential surface that has a barrier smaller than its zero-point energy. It is shown that the UH3 species is considerably more ionic than UH2 or UH, and UH3 is responsible for catalyzing the U-hydriding reaction as the highly positive U site in UH3 reacts with H-2 spontaneously without an activation barrier. The results of our computations are compared with previous experimental results. The spin-orbit coupling is shown to be more important for energy activation than near the minima. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem & Appl Mat Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Glenn T Seaborg Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Balasubramanian, K (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 57 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 23 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD SEP 22 PY 2003 VL 119 IS 12 BP 5889 EP 5900 DI 10.1063/1.1601591 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 717XU UT WOS:000185116700015 ER PT J AU Valiev, M Bylaska, EJ Weare, JH AF Valiev, M Bylaska, EJ Weare, JH TI Calculations of the electronic structure of 3d transition metal dimers with projector augmented plane wave method SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID LOCAL-SPIN-DENSITY; SMALL IRON CLUSTERS; RARE-GAS MATRICES; FUNCTIONAL THEORY; DIATOMIC MANGANESE; COPPER DIMER; MN CLUSTERS; BAND SYSTEM; PAW CODE; NI-N AB The projected augmented plane wave method provides an all-electron solution to the Kohn-Sham local density approximation to the electronic Schrodinger equation. By projecting the fast-varying parts of the single-particle orbitals onto a local basis it allows accurate calculations for molecules and solids throughout the periodic table using a plane wave basis without the introduction of pseudopotentials. The method, thereby, preserves the efficiency required for applications to first-principles molecular dynamics simulations, while still allowing an unambiguous solution for systems containing strong scattering atoms such as transition metals. In this work, we made a comprehensive comparison of the structural and energetic properties of homonuclear 3d transition metal diatomic molecules as predicted by projector augmented plane wave and by various local basis methods. These molecules are particularly difficult to treat with plane-wave pseudopotential methods. The bond energies, bond lengths, and vibrational frequencies for the lowest-lying multiplet states are calculated. Our results demonstrate that projector augmented plane wave calculations deliver the same level of accuracy as local basis methods. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Chem & Biochem, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, William R Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Valiev, M (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Chem & Biochem, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. NR 65 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD SEP 22 PY 2003 VL 119 IS 12 BP 5955 EP 5964 DI 10.1063/1.1602694 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 717XU UT WOS:000185116700023 ER PT J AU Kum, O Ree, FH Stuart, SJ Wu, CJ AF Kum, O Ree, FH Stuart, SJ Wu, CJ TI Molecular dynamics investigation on liquid-liquid phase change in carbon with empirical bond-order potentials SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PRESSURE; HYDROCARBONS; TRANSITION; ENERGY AB A liquid-liquid phase transition in carbon is investigated with two recent bond-order potentials. In contrary to a previous bond-order model, they show no phase change in liquid carbon, which agrees with simulations based on the nonempirical density-functional theory (DFT). Ab initio and DFT studies carried out in this work show that the observed discrepancy lies not in any inherent shortcoming in using empirical models for the bonding process, but rather in the quality of individual expressions used to represent a conjugated local environment in liquid carbon. The present work shows that the current bond-order models and a slightly modified potential proposed in this work agree with recent quantum mechanical simulations and will provide a viable tool for a large-scale study of carbon over a wide range of pressures and temperatures. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Clemson Univ, Dept Chem, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Kum, O (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Chem, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. RI Kum, Oyeon/A-4962-2008; Stuart, Steven/H-1111-2012 NR 18 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD SEP 22 PY 2003 VL 119 IS 12 BP 6053 EP 6056 DI 10.1063/1.1601216 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 717XU UT WOS:000185116700032 ER PT J AU Dang, LX AF Dang, LX TI Solvation of the hydronium ion at the water liquid/vapor interface SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; PROTON-TRANSFER; GAS-PHASE; SIMULATION; TRANSPORT; CLUSTERS; H2O AB In this study, we used constrained molecular dynamics techniques to investigate the transport of a hydronium ion across the water liquid/vapor interface. The computed transfer free energy was nearly unchanged as the hydronium ion approached the Gibbs dividing surface. The ion crossed the interface with no substantial minimum free energy, and transport of the hydronium ion involved a change in the solvent composition of the solvation shells around the ion. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Dang, LX (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 17 TC 66 Z9 66 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD SEP 22 PY 2003 VL 119 IS 12 BP 6351 EP 6353 DI 10.1063/1.1599274 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 717XU UT WOS:000185116700065 ER PT J AU Marchesini, S Chapman, HN Hau-Riege, SP London, RA Szoke, A He, H Howells, MR Padmore, H Rosen, R Spence, JCH Weierstall, U AF Marchesini, S Chapman, HN Hau-Riege, SP London, RA Szoke, A He, H Howells, MR Padmore, H Rosen, R Spence, JCH Weierstall, U TI Coherent X-ray diffractive imaging: applications and limitations SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID ITERATIVE ALGORITHMS; PHASE RETRIEVAL; ELECTRON; RECONSTRUCTION; MICROSCOPY; RESOLUTION; SPECIMENS AB The inversion of a diffraction pattern offers aberration-free diffraction-limited 3D images without the resolution and depth-of-field limitations of lens-based tomographic systems, the only limitation being radiation damage. We review our recent experimental results, in which Xray images were reconstructed from the diffraction pattern alone. A preliminary analysis of the radiation dose needed for CXDI imaging and the dose tolerance of frozen-hydrated life-science samples suggests that 3D tomography at a resolution of about 10 nm may be possible. In material science, where samples are less sensitive to radiation damage, we expect CXDI to be able to achieve 1 to 2 nm resolution using modern x-ray synchrotron sources. For higher resolution imaging of biological material, strategies based on fast-pulse illumination from proposed x-ray free-electron laser sources, can be considered as described in Neutze et al. Nature 406, 752- 757 (2000). (C) 2003 Optical Society of America. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Arizona State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. RP Marchesini, S (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM smarchesini@llnl.gov RI Marchesini, Stefano/A-6795-2009; Chapman, Henry/G-2153-2010; Weierstall, Uwe/B-3568-2011 OI Chapman, Henry/0000-0002-4655-1743; NR 33 TC 72 Z9 75 U1 3 U2 33 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD SEP 22 PY 2003 VL 11 IS 19 BP 2344 EP 2353 DI 10.1364/OE.11.002344 PG 10 WC Optics SC Optics GA 726WA UT WOS:000185623100010 PM 19471343 ER PT J AU Grunes, J Zhu, A Somorjai, GA AF Grunes, J Zhu, A Somorjai, GA TI Catalysis and nanoscience SO CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID SINGLE-CRYSTAL SURFACES; ETHYLENE HYDROGENATION; AMMONIA-SYNTHESIS; MODEL CATALYSTS; SIZE; LITHOGRAPHY; SCIENCE; PT(111); OXIDES; BEAM AB The development of synthetic catalysts is inspired by nature's use of enzymes to achieve high reaction rates and 100% selectivity. These natural catalysts often contain inorganic nanoclusters at the active site, and it is an understanding of the activity and selectivity of these nanoclusters and their interaction with the surrounding protein, which can aid in the design of synthetic catalysts. Since natural and synthetic catalysts are composed of these nanoclusters, the fields of catalysis and nanoscience are inextricably linked. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat & Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Grunes, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 20 TC 140 Z9 140 U1 2 U2 40 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1359-7345 J9 CHEM COMMUN JI Chem. Commun. PD SEP 21 PY 2003 IS 18 BP 2257 EP 2260 DI 10.1039/b305719b PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 724GZ UT WOS:000185481000001 PM 14518867 ER PT J AU Cameron, TM Gordon, JC Michalczyk, R Scott, BL AF Cameron, TM Gordon, JC Michalczyk, R Scott, BL TI Unusual alkyl group activation and cationic complex formation from a novel lutetium dialkyl complex supported by a tridentate monoanionic ligand SO CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID RARE-EARTH-METALS; BETA-DIKETIMINATO LIGANDS; RAY CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY; POLYMERIZATION CATALYSTS; CYCLOPENTADIENYL LIGAND; LANTHANIDES; ACTINIDES; REACTIVITY; COORDINATION AB We report herein the synthesis and characterization of a lutetium dialkyl complex supported by a multidentate, anilido-pyridine-imine ligand and its subsequent transformation into an unprecedented cationic monoalkyl derivative. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, NIH Stable Isotope Resource, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Gordon, JC (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, MS J514, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. EM jgordon@lanl.gov RI Scott, Brian/D-8995-2017; OI Scott, Brian/0000-0003-0468-5396; Michalczyk, Ryszard/0000-0001-8839-6473 NR 32 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 8 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1359-7345 J9 CHEM COMMUN JI Chem. Commun. PD SEP 21 PY 2003 IS 18 BP 2282 EP 2283 DI 10.1039/b306889g PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 724GZ UT WOS:000185481000009 PM 14518875 ER PT J AU Kuehl, CJ Da Re, RE Scott, BL Morris, DE John, KD AF Kuehl, CJ Da Re, RE Scott, BL Morris, DE John, KD TI Toward new paradigms in mixed-valency: ytterbocene-terpyridine charge-transfer complexes SO CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR ELECTRONICS; COORDINATION; CHEMISTRY AB (C5Me5)(2)Yb.OEt2 reacts with terpyridine and tetrapyridinylpyrazine to afford new mixed-valent systems. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Morris, DE (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Morris, David/A-8577-2012; Scott, Brian/D-8995-2017; OI Scott, Brian/0000-0003-0468-5396; John, Kevin/0000-0002-6181-9330 NR 15 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 5 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1359-7345 J9 CHEM COMMUN JI Chem. Commun. PD SEP 21 PY 2003 IS 18 BP 2336 EP 2337 DI 10.1039/b306484k PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 724GZ UT WOS:000185481000036 PM 14518902 ER PT J AU Huh, S Wiench, JW Trewyn, BG Song, S Pruski, M Lin, VSY AF Huh, S Wiench, JW Trewyn, BG Song, S Pruski, M Lin, VSY TI Tuning of particle morphology and pore properties in mesoporous silicas with multiple organic functional groups SO CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-SIEVES; POLYMERIZATION AB A synthetic method has been developed that can control both multifunctionalization and morphology of the mesoporous organic-inorganic hybrid materials by introducing different molar ratios of organoalkoxysilane precursors to a base-catalyzed co-condensation of silicate. C1 Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Lin, VSY (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RI HUH, SEONG/E-5192-2011; OI Huh, Seong/0000-0001-7894-8422 NR 28 TC 111 Z9 111 U1 0 U2 31 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1359-7345 J9 CHEM COMMUN JI Chem. Commun. PD SEP 21 PY 2003 IS 18 BP 2364 EP 2365 DI 10.1039/b306255d PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 724GZ UT WOS:000185481000050 PM 14518916 ER PT J AU Shan, XP Espenson, JH AF Shan, XP Espenson, JH TI Interconversion of MeReO(dithiolate)(NC5H4-X) and MeReO(dithiolate)(PAr3) complexes: The equilibrium constants follow the Hammett equation but the rate constants do not SO DALTON TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Article ID CROSS-INTERACTION CONSTANT; OXYGEN-ATOM TRANSFER; LIGAND SUBSTITUTION-REACTIONS; MAIN-GROUP ELEMENTS; PYRIDINE N-OXIDES; NUCLEOPHILIC-SUBSTITUTION; TRANSITION-METALS; MULTIPLE BONDS; KINETICS; OXORHENIUM(V) AB Equilibration occurs among the species MeReO(dithiolate)Py, MeReO(dithiolate)(PZ(3)), Py, and PZ(3) where the chelating dithiolate ligand is 1,2-ethanedithiol (edt) or 1,3-propanedithiol (pdt), Py stands for NC5H4-4-X and PZ(3) for both P(C6H4-4-Y), and P(alkyl)(n)(Ph)(3-n). Equilibrium constants in the pdt series were evaluated directly; values of K generally favor phosphane coordination and range from 4.8 x 10(-2) (X = NMe2, Y = Cl) to 3.2 x 10(4) (X = CN, Y = OMe). The values of K are well correlated by the Hammett equation with rho(x)(K) = 2.7(3) and rho(Y)(K) = -2.0(3). Kinetic data were determined with the stopped-flow method for 65 reactions of the edt and pdt complexes, and resolved into forward and reverse components by use of the equilibrium constants. Values of k(for) deviate markedly from Hammett behavior, especially along any series with a given X substituent, where plots of log k(for) against 3sigma(Y) take on a V-shaped appearance. This pattern has been interpreted in terms of a two step mechanism for ligand substitution reactions of these complexes. The rate constants for those phosphanes that are the better Lewis bases are governed by Re-P bond formation. The rate constants for those phosphanes that are weaker Lewis bases, on the other hand, are governed by the second step in which an initial psi-octahedral complex rotates towards a transition state that is an approximate trigonal prism. In so doing, the prior Re-P interaction is weakened, which gives rise to an increase in log k(for) with sigma(Y). C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Espenson, JH (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 37 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1477-9226 J9 DALTON T JI Dalton Trans. PD SEP 21 PY 2003 IS 18 BP 3612 EP 3616 DI 10.1039/b306634g PG 5 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 726KT UT WOS:000185598800021 ER PT J AU Kisielius, R Hibbert, A Ferland, GJ Foord, ME Rose, SJ van Hoof, PAM Keenan, FP AF Kisielius, R Hibbert, A Ferland, GJ Foord, ME Rose, SJ van Hoof, PAM Keenan, FP TI Inner-shell photoexcitation of Fe XV and Fe XVI SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE atomic data; line : formation; X-rays : general ID GENERAL PROGRAM; RAY-ABSORPTION; PHOTOIONIZATION; NGC-4151; STRENGTH; LINES AB The configuration-interaction method as implemented in the computer code CIV3 is used to determine energy levels, electric dipole radiative transition wavelengths, oscillator strengths and transition probabilities for inner-shell excitation of transitions in Fe XV and Fe XVI. Specifically, transitions are considered of the type 1s(2) 2s(2) 2p(6) 3s(2) -1s(2) 2s(2) 2p(5) 3l3l' 3l" (l, l' and l" = s,p or d) in FeXV and 1s(2) 2s(2) 2p(6) 3s- 1s(2) 2s(2) 2p(5) 3l3l' (l and l' = s,p or d) in FeXVI, using the relativistic Breit-Pauli approach. An assessment of the accuracy of the derived atomic data is performed. C1 Queens Univ Belfast, Dept Pure & Appl Phys, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland. Queens Univ Belfast, Dept Appl Math & Theoret Phys, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland. Univ Kentucky, Dept Phys, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Clarendon Lab, Oxford OX1 3PU, England. RP Kisielius, R (reprint author), Queens Univ Belfast, Dept Pure & Appl Phys, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland. OI Rose, Steven/0000-0001-6808-6355; Ferland, Gary/0000-0003-4503-6333 NR 13 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD SEP 21 PY 2003 VL 344 IS 3 BP 696 EP 706 DI 10.1046/j.1365-8711.2003.06801.x PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 720GQ UT WOS:000185253400006 ER PT J AU Re, V Kirkby, D Berryhill, J Burke, S Callahan, D Campagnari, C Dahmes, B Hale, D Hart, P Kyre, S Levy, S Long, O Mazur, M Richman, J Stoner, J Verkerke, W Beringer, J Eisner, AM Grothe, M Lockman, WS Pulliam, T Seiden, A Walkowiak, W Wilson, M Borean, C Bozzi, C Piemontese, L Laplace, S Breon, AB Brown, D Charles, E Clark, AR Dardin, S Goozen, F Kerth, LT Gritsan, A Lynch, G Perazzo, A Roe, NA Zizka, G Lillard, V Roberts, D Brenna, E Citterio, M Lanni, F Palombo, F Rattli, L Manfredi, PF Mandelli, E Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bondioli, M Bosi, F Bucci, F Calderini, G Carpinelli, M Ceccanti, M Forti, F Gagliardi, D Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Mammini, P Marchiori, G Morganti, M Morsani, F Neri, N Paoloni, E Profeti, A Rama, M Rizzo, G Sandrelli, F Simi, G Walsh, J Elmer, P Burchat, P Cheng, C Meyer, TI Roat, C Bona, M Bianchi, F Gamba, D Trapani, P Bosisio, L Della Ricca, G Dittongo, S Lanceri, L Rashevskaia, I Vitale, L Vuagnin, G Datta, M Liu, R AF Re, V Kirkby, D Berryhill, J Burke, S Callahan, D Campagnari, C Dahmes, B Hale, D Hart, P Kyre, S Levy, S Long, O Mazur, M Richman, J Stoner, J Verkerke, W Beringer, J Eisner, AM Grothe, M Lockman, WS Pulliam, T Seiden, A Walkowiak, W Wilson, M Borean, C Bozzi, C Piemontese, L Laplace, S Breon, AB Brown, D Charles, E Clark, AR Dardin, S Goozen, F Kerth, LT Gritsan, A Lynch, G Perazzo, A Roe, NA Zizka, G Lillard, V Roberts, D Brenna, E Citterio, M Lanni, F Palombo, F Rattli, L Manfredi, PF Mandelli, E Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bondioli, M Bosi, F Bucci, F Calderini, G Carpinelli, M Ceccanti, M Forti, F Gagliardi, D Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Mammini, P Marchiori, G Morganti, M Morsani, F Neri, N Paoloni, E Profeti, A Rama, M Rizzo, G Sandrelli, F Simi, G Walsh, J Elmer, P Burchat, P Cheng, C Meyer, TI Roat, C Bona, M Bianchi, F Gamba, D Trapani, P Bosisio, L Della Ricca, G Dittongo, S Lanceri, L Rashevskaia, I Vitale, L Vuagnin, G Datta, M Liu, R TI Status and future plans of the BABAR silicon vertex tracker SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th Annual Meeting on Vertex Detectors CY NOV 03-08, 2002 CL KAILUA KONA, HAWAII DE SVT; BABAR experiment; silicon strip detectors AB A brief summary of the design goals, description, and performance of the BABAR Silicon Vertex Tracker is given. Results from radiation hardness tests are discussed, which indicate satisfactory operation up to 5 Mrad of accumulated radiation. The local alignment procedure has made significant improvements recently, and four readout sections were recovered during the BABAR shutdown in 2002. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Univ Pavia, Dipartimento Elettr, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Univ Pavia, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Ferrara, Dipartimento Fis, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Univ Ferrara, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Lab Accelerateur Lineaire, F-91898 Orsay, France. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Univ Milan, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Univ Pavia, Dipartimento Elettr, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Univ Pavia, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis, Scuola Normale Super Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Sperimentale, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Univ Turin, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Univ Trieste, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Wilson, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. RI Rizzo, Giuliana/A-8516-2015; Forti, Francesco/H-3035-2011; Neri, Nicola/G-3991-2012; Lusiani, Alberto/N-2976-2015; Lusiani, Alberto/A-3329-2016; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013 OI Re, Valerio/0000-0003-0697-3420; Kirkby, David/0000-0002-8828-5463; Bettarini, Stefano/0000-0001-7742-2998; RATTI, LODOVICO/0000-0003-1906-1076; Paoloni, Eugenio/0000-0001-5969-8712; Lanceri, Livio/0000-0001-8220-3095; Carpinelli, Massimo/0000-0002-8205-930X; Rizzo, Giuliana/0000-0003-1788-2866; Forti, Francesco/0000-0001-6535-7965; Neri, Nicola/0000-0002-6106-3756; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982 NR 2 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD SEP 21 PY 2003 VL 511 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 5 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01738-8 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 719ZC UT WOS:000185234200002 ER PT J AU Kajfasz, E AF Kajfasz, E CA D0 Collaboration TI The D0 silicon microstrip tracker for run IIa SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th Annual Meeting on Vertex Detectors CY NOV 03-08, 2002 CL KAILUA KONA, HAWAII DE silicon; microstrip tracker; tevatron AB We describe the production, installation, commissioning and operations of the new 792,576 channel DO Silicon Microstrip Tracker to be used for the 2 fb(-1) of the Run IIa at the Tevatron. (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 CPPM, F-13288 Marseille 9, France. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Kajfasz, E (reprint author), CPPM, Case 907,163 Ave Luminy, F-13288 Marseille 9, France. NR 3 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD SEP 21 PY 2003 VL 511 IS 1-2 BP 16 EP 19 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01741-8 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 719ZC UT WOS:000185234200005 ER PT J AU Kwan, S AF Kwan, S CA BTeV Collaboration TI The BTeV silicon pixel and microstrip detectors SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th Annual Meeting on Vertex Detectors CY NOV 03-08, 2002 CL KAILUA KONA, HAWAII DE BTeV; pixel; silicon microstrip detector AB The status of the BTeV pixel vertex detector and the forward silicon microstrip tracker are presented, with some highlights on the recent achievements in our RD effort. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Expt Phys Projects, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Kwan, S (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Expt Phys Projects, MS 122,POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 8 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD SEP 21 PY 2003 VL 511 IS 1-2 BP 48 EP 51 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01749-2 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 719ZC UT WOS:000185234200011 ER PT J AU Hanagaki, K AF Hanagaki, K TI Layer 0 in D0 silicon tracker for Run2b SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th Annual Meeting on Vertex Detectors CY NOV 03-08, 2002 CL KAILUA KONA, HAWAII DE silicon tracker; flex printed circuit cable AB We report on the status of R&D of the innermost layer of the DO Silicon Tracker for Run2b. Because of space constraints, the cooling issues, and the amount of material, the analog signal from the sensor must be transmitted to the readout chip. This scheme is a potential noise source due to the extra capacitive load and possible RF pickup. We focus on the noise studies to address these issues. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Hanagaki, K (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, MS 357,POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 1 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD SEP 21 PY 2003 VL 511 IS 1-2 BP 121 EP 123 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01776-5 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 719ZC UT WOS:000185234200025 ER PT J AU Steinbruck, G AF Steinbruck, G TI The DO Silicon Track Trigger SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th Annual Meeting on Vertex Detectors CY NOV 03-08, 2002 CL KAILUA KONA, HAWAII DE trigger systems; vertex detectors; silicon detectors; displaced vertices; impact parameter trigger AB We describe a trigger preprocessor to be used by the DO experiment for selecting events with tracks from the decay of long-lived particles. This Level 2 impact parameter trigger utilizes information from the Silicon Microstrip Tracker to reconstruct tracks with improved spatial and momentum resolutions compared to those obtained by the Level 1 tracking trigger. It is constructed of VME boards with much of the logic existing in programmable processors. A common motherboard provides the I/O infrastructure and three different daughter boards perform the tasks of identifying the roads from the tracking trigger data, finding the clusters in the roads in the silicon detector, and fitting tracks to the clusters. This approach provides flexibility for the design, testing and maintenance phases of the project. The track parameters are provided to the trigger framework in 25 mus. The effective impact parameter resolution for high-momentum tracks is 35 pm, dominated by the size of the Tevatron beam. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Steinbruck, G (reprint author), Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. NR 2 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD SEP 21 PY 2003 VL 511 IS 1-2 BP 145 EP 149 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01780-7 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 719ZC UT WOS:000185234200029 ER PT J AU Wang, MHLS AF Wang, MHLS TI The BTeV trigger architecture SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th Annual Meeting on Vertex Detectors CY NOV 03-08, 2002 CL KAILUA KONA, HAWAII DE vertex; trigger; DAQ; BTeV ID VERTEX TRIGGER AB BTeV is a high-statistics B-physics experiment that will achieve new levels of sensitivity in testing the Standard Model explanation of CP violation, mixing, and rare decays in the b and c quark systems by operating in the unique environment of a hadron collider. In order to achieve its goals, it will make use of a state-of-the-art Si-pixel vertex detector and a novel three-level hierarchical trigger that will look at every single beam crossing to detect the presence of heavy quark decays. This talk will describe the trigger architecture focusing on key design aspects that allow the use of commercially available technology in a highly feasible and practical solution that meets the demanding physics requirements of the BTeV experiment. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Wang, MHLS (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500,Mail Stop 122, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD SEP 21 PY 2003 VL 511 IS 1-2 BP 161 EP 165 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01784-4 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 719ZC UT WOS:000185234200033 ER PT J AU Hou, S AF Hou, S TI Experience with parallel optical link for the CDF silicon detector SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th Annual Meeting on Vertex Detectors CY NOV 03-08, 2002 CL KAILUA KONA, HAWAII DE optical link AB The Dense Optical Interface Module is a byte-wide optical link developed for the Run II upgrade of the CDF silicon tracking system (CDF Collaboration, The CDF-II Detector Technical Design Report, FERMILAB-Pub 96/390-E; S. Nahn, status of CDF silicon, Vertex 2002, Nucl. Instr. and Meth.). The module consists of a transmitter with a laserdiode array for conversion of digitized detector signals into light outputs, a 22 m optical fiber ribbon cable for light transmission, and a receiver converting the light pulses back to electrical signals. We report on the design feature, characteristics, and radiation tolerance. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei 115, Taiwan. RP Hou, S (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 8 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD SEP 21 PY 2003 VL 511 IS 1-2 BP 166 EP 170 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01785-6 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 719ZC UT WOS:000185234200034 ER PT J AU Garcia-Sciveres, M Krieger, B Walder, JP Mandelli, E von der Lippe, H Weber, M Haber, C Zimmerman, T Hoff, J Yarema, R Hanagaki, K Cristofek, L Alfonsi, S Pellett, D Wilkes, T Yao, W AF Garcia-Sciveres, M Krieger, B Walder, JP Mandelli, E von der Lippe, H Weber, M Haber, C Zimmerman, T Hoff, J Yarema, R Hanagaki, K Cristofek, L Alfonsi, S Pellett, D Wilkes, T Yao, W TI The SVX4 integrated circuit SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th Annual Meeting on Vertex Detectors CY NOV 03-08, 2002 CL KAILUA KONA, HAWAII DE SVX4; CDF upgrade; Silicon Vertex Detector; quarter micron ID READOUT CHIP AB A first prototype of the SVX4 readout IC with enclosed transistor layout for radiation tolerance has been fabricated in a commercial 0.25 mum bulk CMOS process. The SVX4 is intended to instrument the CDF and DO Run IIB silicon strip detector upgrades at Fermilab. The design and test results are discussed. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. Univ Padua, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Garcia-Sciveres, M (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,Mail Stop 50-5239, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 6 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD SEP 21 PY 2003 VL 511 IS 1-2 BP 171 EP 173 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01786-8 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 719ZC UT WOS:000185234200035 ER PT J AU Quinn, B AF Quinn, B TI Carbon fiber grounding in the D0 Run IIb silicon detector design SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th Annual Meeting on Vertex Detectors CY NOV 03-08, 2002 CL KAILUA KONA, HAWAII DE particle detectors; silicon trackers; carbon fiber; grounding AB Carbon fiber support structures have become common elements of silicon detector designs. While the use of carbon fiber, solves a variety of mechanical problems, it presents a challenging set of electrical concerns. Well-designed coupling and grounding schemes are essential for producing low-noise environments within the detectors. General principles involved in grounding systems with carbon fiber. structures are described, as well as specific applications to the DO Run Ilb silicon detector. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Quinn, B (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 2 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD SEP 21 PY 2003 VL 511 IS 1-2 BP 180 EP 182 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01788-1 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 719ZC UT WOS:000185234200037 ER PT J AU Libby, J AF Libby, J TI Performance of a 95 mu m pitch n-on-n silicon detector with floating strips SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th Annual Meeting on Vertex Detectors CY NOV 03-08, 2002 CL KAILUA KONA, HAWAII DE silicon micro-strip detectors; floating strips; induced signals; vertexing ID MICROSTRIP DETECTORS AB First measurements of charge sharing and collection for a 95 pm pitch n-on-n silicon sensor with floating strips are presented. These measurements were made with an analogue front-end sampling at 40 MHz. Strips with a significant signal are found to be correlated with opposite polarity signals in the strips neighbouring them. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 SLAC, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Libby, J (reprint author), SLAC, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD SEP 21 PY 2003 VL 511 IS 1-2 BP 190 EP 194 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01791-1 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 719ZC UT WOS:000185234200040 ER PT J AU Rosinsky, P Borer, K Casagrande, L Devaux, A Granata, V Guettet, N Hess, M Heuser, J Jarron, P Li, Z Lourenco, C Manso, F Niinikoski, TO Palmieri, VG Radermacher, E Shahoyan, R Sonderegger, P AF Rosinsky, P Borer, K Casagrande, L Devaux, A Granata, V Guettet, N Hess, M Heuser, J Jarron, P Li, Z Lourenco, C Manso, F Niinikoski, TO Palmieri, VG Radermacher, E Shahoyan, R Sonderegger, P TI The cryogenic silicon Beam Tracker of NA60 for heavy ion and proton beams SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th Annual Meeting on Vertex Detectors CY NOV 03-08, 2002 CL KAILUA KONA, HI DE silicon detectors; heavy ions; cryogenic; radiation hardness ID CHARGE COLLECTION EFFICIENCY; TEMPERATURES AB The cryogenic silicon Beam Tracker of NA60 is the first detector based on the Lazarus effect used in a high-energy physics experiment. It employs single-sided silicon strip sensors of 50 mum pitch operated at a temperature of 130 K. Two tracking stations determine the transverse coordinates of the interaction point at the target with 20 mum resolution, to improve the determination of the offset of secondary vertices. This impact parameter measurement allows NA60 to distinguish between prompt dimuons and muon pairs from D-meson decays. The detector concept and technical feasibility have been demonstrated in beam time periods between 1999 and 2002. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. Univ Bern, LHEP, Bern, Switzerland. Univ Clermont Ferrand, LPC, CNRS, IN2P3, Aubiere, France. RIKEN, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Wako, Saitama 35101, Japan. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Tecn Lisboa, IST, P-1100 Lisbon, Portugal. RP Rosinsky, P (reprint author), CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. EM peter.rosinsky@cern.ch NR 9 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD SEP 21 PY 2003 VL 511 IS 1-2 BP 200 EP 204 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01793-5 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 719ZC UT WOS:000185234200042 ER PT J AU Potter, CT Brau, JE Sinev, NB AF Potter, CT Brau, JE Sinev, NB TI A CCD vertex detector for measuring Higgs boson branching ratios at a linear collider SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th Annual Meeting on Vertex Detectors CY NOV 03-08, 2002 CL KAILUA KONA, HAWAII ID PERFORMANCE AB We have studied a CCD vertex detector design for a future linear collider and report methods under consideration for radiation damage remediation in the linear collider environment. Noting the rich physics program available with a precise vertex detector, we report the expected precision on the Standard Model Higgs boson branching ratios with the described design and the efforts towards improving the topological vertex reconstruction algorithms. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Oregon, Dept Phys, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. RP Potter, CT (reprint author), Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Mail Stop 94,POB 20450, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD SEP 21 PY 2003 VL 511 IS 1-2 BP 225 EP 228 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01798-4 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 719ZC UT WOS:000185234200047 ER PT J AU Tajima, H AF Tajima, H TI Gamma-ray polarimetry SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th Annual Meeting on Vertex Detectors CY NOV 03-08, 2002 CL KAILUA KONA, HAWAII DE gamma-ray; Compton telescope; polarimeter; Silicon Strip Detector AB An astrophysics application of a low-noise Double-sided Silicon Strip Detector (DSSD) is described. A Semiconductor Multiple-Compton Telescope (SMCT) is being developed to explore the gamma-ray universe in the 0.1-20 MeV energy range. Excellent energy resolution and polarization sensitivity are key features of the SMCT. We have developed prototype modules for a low-noise DSSD system that achieved an energy resolution of 1.3 keV (FWHM) for 122 keV at 0degreesC. Results of a gamma-ray imaging test are also presented. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Tajima, H (reprint author), Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. NR 6 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD SEP 21 PY 2003 VL 511 IS 1-2 BP 287 EP 290 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01808-4 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 719ZC UT WOS:000185234200057 ER PT J AU Drymiotis, F Lashley, JC Fisk, Z Peterson, E Nakatsuji, S AF Drymiotis, F Lashley, JC Fisk, Z Peterson, E Nakatsuji, S TI Physical properties of the beta-Ti6Sn5 system SO PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE LA English DT Article ID ITINERANT ELECTRON FERROMAGNETISM; SPIN FLUCTUATIONS; TIBE2-XCUX AB The current work reports the specific heat, the resistivity and the magnetic susceptibility of both single-crystal and polycrystalline beta-Ti6Sn5 at cryogenic temperatures. The effects of small additions of magnetic and non-magnetic impurities were examined. Resistivity and magnetic susceptibility measurements reveal that the undoped material is a Pauli paramagnet displaying Fermi-liquid behaviour, while ferromagnetic ordering was observed at T approximate to 150 K with small additions of Ce, La or Co. Analysis of the electronic specific heat gamma and magnetic susceptibility gives an unexpectedly large Wilson ratio R-W of 1.76, a value indicative of correlated electron behaviour. We present the general physical properties and based on the sensitivity of the magnetic properties to doping, show evidence that beta-Ti6Sn5 exhibits a ground state in close proximity to a non-magnetic and magnetic phase boundary. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Florida State Univ, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. RP Drymiotis, F (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 14 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1478-6443 J9 PHILOS MAG JI Philos. Mag. PD SEP 21 PY 2003 VL 83 IS 27 BP 3169 EP 3178 DI 10.1080/1478643031000137877 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics GA 727XM UT WOS:000185686200006 ER PT J AU Acharya, BR Moller, L Baldwin, KW MacHarrie, RA Stepnoski, RA Huang, CC Pindak, R Rogers, JA AF Acharya, BR Moller, L Baldwin, KW MacHarrie, RA Stepnoski, RA Huang, CC Pindak, R Rogers, JA TI In-line liquid-crystal microcell wave plates and their application for high-speed, reset-free polarization mode dispersion compensation in 40-Gbit/s systems SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID CONTROLLER AB We describe the design, fabrication, and performance of a high-speed, continuously tunable, and reset-free polarization controller based on nematic liquid-crystal (NLC) microcell wave plates fabricated directly between the tips of optical fibers. This controller utilizes a pulsed driving scheme and optimized NLC materials to achieve a stepwise switching speed of 1 deg/mus, for arbitrary rotation angles with moderately low voltages. This compact microcell design requires no bulk optical components and has the potential to have low insertion loss. We describe the performance of these devices when implemented in polarization mode dispersion compensators for 40 Gbit/s systems. The good optical properties and the nonmechanical, high-speed, and low-power operation suggest that this type of device might be considered for some applications in dynamic compensation of polarization mode dispersion, polarization analysis, polarization division demultiplexing, and polarization scrambling in high-speed optical communication systems. (C) 2003 Optical Society of America. C1 Bell Labs, Murray Hill, NJ 07974 USA. Bell Labs, Holmdel, NJ 07733 USA. Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Acharya, BR (reprint author), Bell Labs, Murray Hill, NJ 07974 USA. EM bacharya@lucent.com NR 11 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 1 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD SEP 20 PY 2003 VL 42 IS 27 BP 5407 EP 5412 DI 10.1364/AO.42.005407 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA 722BL UT WOS:000185354800005 PM 14526827 ER PT J AU Burnham, AK Runkel, M Feit, MD Rubenchik, AM Floyd, RL Land, TA Siekhaus, WJ Hawley-Fedder, RA AF Burnham, AK Runkel, M Feit, MD Rubenchik, AM Floyd, RL Land, TA Siekhaus, WJ Hawley-Fedder, RA TI Laser-induced damage in deuterated potassium dihydrogen phosphate SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID GROWN KDP CRYSTALS; RAPID-GROWTH; DKDP CRYSTALS; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; BULK; IRRADIATION; THRESHOLD; NM; IMPURITIES; SILICA AB Laser-induced pinpoint bulk damage of deuterated potassium dihydrogen phosphate at 351 nm is shown to depend on the propagation direction relative to the crystallographic axes and on growth temperature in addition to the previously reported dependence on continuous filtration. Pulse-length scaling is also consistent with earlier reports. The leading hypothesis for the cause of pinpoint damage is absorbing nanoparticle impurities, and our results are consistent with but not conclusive for that model. Advances in technology have led to greatly improved damage resistance. (C) 2003 Optical Society of America. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Burnham, AK (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808,L-047, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM burnham1@llnl.gov RI Feit, Michael/A-4480-2009 NR 54 TC 73 Z9 76 U1 8 U2 15 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD SEP 20 PY 2003 VL 42 IS 27 BP 5483 EP 5495 DI 10.1364/AO.42.005483 PG 13 WC Optics SC Optics GA 722BL UT WOS:000185354800014 PM 14526835 ER PT J AU Wheeler, EK Fluck, R Woods, B Whitman, PK AF Wheeler, EK Fluck, R Woods, B Whitman, PK TI Effect of surface degradation on optical performance of potassium dihydrogen phosphate optics SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID SOL-GEL COATINGS; LASER; CRYSTALS AB We have measured scatter produced by roughening of bare potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP) surfaces and by surface degradation (etch pits) that develop beneath a porous solgel coating on KDP after exposure to ambient relative humidity. The etch pits that form on coated KDP scatter incident light into strongly anisotropic angular distributions characteristic of the defect size and shape. The total integrated scatter (TIS) can be as high as 9% for a crystal with etch pits as compared with 0.05% for the as-manufactured crystal. The amount of TIS correlates with the area obscured by defects as measured by optical microscopy. (C) 2003 Optical Society of America. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Wheeler, EK (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM wheeler16@llnl.gov RI Whitman, Pamela/B-2336-2013 NR 12 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD SEP 20 PY 2003 VL 42 IS 27 BP 5545 EP 5550 DI 10.1364/AO.42.005545 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA 722BL UT WOS:000185354800023 PM 14526844 ER PT J AU Michelsen, HA Witze, PO Kayes, D Hochgreb, S AF Michelsen, HA Witze, PO Kayes, D Hochgreb, S TI Time-resolved laser-induced incandescence of soot: the influence of experimental factors and microphysical mechanisms SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID PARTICLE-SIZE MEASUREMENTS; VOLUME FRACTION; DIFFUSION FLAMES; CARBONACEOUS PARTICLES; INDUCED FLUORESCENCE; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; FLICKERING METHANE; GRAPHITE; DIAGNOSTICS; VISUALIZATION AB We present a data set for testing models of time-resolved laser-induced incandescence of soot. Measurements were made in a laminar ethene diffusion flame over a wide range of laser fluences at 532 nm. The laser was seeded to provide a smooth temporal profile, and the beam was spatially filtered and imaged into the flame to provide a homogeneous spatial profile. The particle incandescence was imaged onto a fast photodiode. The measurements are compared with the standard Melton model [Appl. Opt. 23, 2201 (1984)] and with a new model that incorporates physical mechanisms not included in the Melton model. (C) 2003 Optical Society of America. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Michelsen, HA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, MS 9055,POB 969, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM hamiche@ca.sandia.gov NR 90 TC 51 Z9 52 U1 1 U2 3 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD SEP 20 PY 2003 VL 42 IS 27 BP 5577 EP 5590 DI 10.1364/AO.42.005577 PG 14 WC Optics SC Optics GA 722BL UT WOS:000185354800028 PM 14526849 ER PT J AU Budavari, T Connolly, AJ Szalay, AS Szapudi, I Csabai, I Scranton, R Bahcall, NA Brinkmann, J Eisenstein, DJ Frieman, JA Fukugita, M Gunn, JE Johnston, D Kent, S Loveday, JN Lupton, RH Tegmark, M Thakar, AR Yanny, B York, DG Zehavi, I AF Budavari, T Connolly, AJ Szalay, AS Szapudi, I Csabai, I Scranton, R Bahcall, NA Brinkmann, J Eisenstein, DJ Frieman, JA Fukugita, M Gunn, JE Johnston, D Kent, S Loveday, JN Lupton, RH Tegmark, M Thakar, AR Yanny, B York, DG Zehavi, I TI Angular clustering with photometric redshifts in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: Bimodality in the clustering properties of galaxies SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmology : observations; galaxies : clusters : general; galaxies : distances and redshifts; galaxies : evolution; galaxies : photometry; large-scale structure of universe ID HUBBLE-DEEP-FIELD; CREATING SPECTRAL TEMPLATES; BROAD-BAND PHOTOMETRY; EARLY DATA RELEASE; EVOLUTION; LUMINOSITY; SYSTEM; COLOR AB Understanding the clustering of galaxies has long been a goal of modern observational cosmology. Redshift surveys have been used to measure the correlation length as a function of luminosity and color. However, when subdividing the catalogs into multiple subsets, the errors increase rapidly. Angular clustering in magnitude-limited photometric surveys has the advantage of much larger catalogs but suffers from a dilution of the clustering signal because of the broad radial distribution of the sample. Also, up to now it has not been possible to select uniform subsamples based on physical parameters, such as luminosity and rest-frame color. Utilizing our photometric redshift technique, a volume-limited sample (0.1 < z < 0.3) containing more than 2 million galaxies is constructed from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey galaxy catalog. In the largest such analysis to date, we study the angular clustering as a function of luminosity and spectral type. Using Limber's equation, we calculate the clustering length for the full data set as r(0) = 5.77 +/- 0.10 h(-1) Mpc. We find that r(0) increases with luminosity by a factor of 1.6 over the sampled luminosity range, in agreement with previous redshift surveys. We also find that both the clustering length and the slope of the correlation function depend on the galaxy type. In particular, by splitting the galaxies in four groups by their rest-frame type, we find a bimodal behavior in their clustering properties. Galaxies with spectral types similar to elliptical galaxies have a correlation length of 6.59 +/- 0.17 h(-1) Mpc and a slope of the angular correlation function of 0.96 +/- 0.05, while blue galaxies have a clustering length of 4.51 +/- 0.19 h(-1) Mpc and a slope of 0.68 +/- 0.09. The two intermediate color groups behave like their more extreme "siblings'' rather than showing a gradual transition in slope. We discuss these correlations in the context of current cosmological models for structure formation. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Eotvos Lorand Univ, Dept Phys, H-1518 Budapest, Hungary. Princeton Univ Observ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Apache Point Observ, Sunspot, NM 88349 USA. Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, Kashiwa City, Chiba 2778582, Japan. Univ Sussex, Ctr Astron, Brighton BN1 9QJ, E Sussex, England. Univ Penn, Dept Phys, Philadelphia, PA 19101 USA. RP Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, 3701 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RI Csabai, Istvan/F-2455-2012; OI Csabai, Istvan/0000-0001-9232-9898 NR 39 TC 99 Z9 100 U1 1 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD SEP 20 PY 2003 VL 595 IS 1 BP 59 EP 70 DI 10.1086/377168 PN 1 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 721VC UT WOS:000185338300006 ER PT J AU Parkinson, PMS Tournear, DM Bloom, ED Focke, WB Reilly, KT Wood, KS Ray, PS Wolff, MT Scargle, JD AF Parkinson, PMS Tournear, DM Bloom, ED Focke, WB Reilly, KT Wood, KS Ray, PS Wolff, MT Scargle, JD TI Long-term X-ray variability of Circinus X-1 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE X-rays : binaries; X-rays : individual (Circinus X-1) ID CIR X-1; BURSTS; DISCOVERY; BINARY; PERIOD AB We present an analysis of long-term X-ray monitoring observations of Circinus X-1 (Cir X-1) made with four different instruments: Vela 5B, Ariel 5 all-sky monitor (ASM), Ginga ASM, and RXTE ASM, over the course of more than 30 yr. We use Lomb-Scargle periodograms to search for the similar to16.5 day orbital period of Cir X-1 in each of these data sets. From this we derive a new orbital ephemeris based solely on X-ray measurements, which we compare with the previous ephemerides obtained from radio observations. We also use the phase dispersion minimization (PDM) technique, as well as fast Fourier transform analysis, to verify the periods obtained from periodograms. We obtain dynamic periodograms (both Lomb-Scargle and PDM) of Cir X-1 during the RXTE era, showing the period evolution of Cir X-1 and also displaying some unexplained discrete jumps in the location of the peak power. C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. USN, Res Lab, EO Hulburt Ctr Space Res, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. RP Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. EM pablos@slac.stanford.edu OI Ray, Paul/0000-0002-5297-5278 NR 29 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD SEP 20 PY 2003 VL 595 IS 1 BP 333 EP 341 DI 10.1086/377193 PN 1 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 721VC UT WOS:000185338300031 ER PT J AU Torres, DF Reucroft, S Reimer, O Anchordoqui, LA AF Torres, DF Reucroft, S Reimer, O Anchordoqui, LA TI On the cross-correlation between the arrival direction of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays, BL Lacertae objects, and EGRET detections: A new way to identify EGRET sources? SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE BL Lacertae objects : general; cosmic rays; gamma rays : observations ID COMPACT RADIO QUASARS; HAVERAH-PARK ARRAY; GAMMA-RAY; NORTHERN SKY; SPECTRUM; NEUTRINOS; IDENTIFICATIONS; REMNANTS; CATALOG; CUTOFF AB With the aim of testing recent claims for a particularly strong correlation between ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs), observed with the AGASA and Yakutsk experiments, and a sample of BL Lacertae objects, we conduct a blind statistical assessment. We search for associations between the same set of BL Lac objects and the arrival directions of 33 relevant UHECRs observed with the Haverah Park and Volcano Ranch experiments. Within the accuracy of the angle determination, there are no positional coincidences. The probability that this null result arises as a statistical fluctuation from the strongly correlated case is less than 5%. This implies that the possible correlation between the arrival directions of UHECRs and BL Lac objects is not statistically sustained. We discuss the impact of our findings on the proposed additional connection among UHECRs, BL Lac objects, and EGRET gamma-ray blazars. Recently, such an association was used as a classification technique for EGRET sources. Here we show that its main underlying hypothesis (i.e., the EGRET angular uncertainty is twice that quoted in the third EGRET catalog) grossly underestimates the goodness of existing gamma-ray data. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Northeastern Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Ruhr Univ Bochum, Inst Theoret Phys, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. RP Torres, DF (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave,L-413, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016 OI Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065 NR 49 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD SEP 20 PY 2003 VL 595 IS 1 BP L13 EP L16 DI 10.1086/379006 PN 2 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 721VE UT WOS:000185338500004 ER PT J AU Giraldo, FX Perot, JB Fischer, PF AF Giraldo, FX Perot, JB Fischer, PF TI A spectral element semi-Lagrangian (SESL) method for the spherical shallow water equations SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE cubic gnomonic; flux-corrected transport; hexahedral grid; shallow water equations; semi-Lagrangian; semi-implicit; spectral element method; spherical geometry ID GALERKIN METHODS; GEODESIC GRIDS; NUMERICAL-INTEGRATION; ADVECTION SCHEMES; MODEL; RESOLUTION; GEOMETRY AB A spectral element semi-Lagrangian (SESL) method for the shallow water equations on the sphere is presented. The sphere is discretized using a hexahedral grid although any grid imaginable can be used as long as it is comprised of quadrilaterals. The equations are written in Cartesian coordinates to eliminate the pole singularity which plagues the equations in spherical coordinates. In a previous paper [Int. J. Numer. Methods Fluids 35 (2001) 869] we showed how to construct an explicit Eulerian spectral element (SE) model on the sphere; we now extend this work to a semi-Lagrangian formulation. The novelty of the Lagrangian formulation presented is that the high order SE basis functions are used as the interpolation functions for evaluating the values at the Lagrangian departure points. This makes the method not only high order accurate but quite general and thus applicable to unstructured grids and portable to distributed memory computers. The equations are discretized fully implicitly in time in order to avoid having to interpolate derivatives at departure points. By incorporating the Coriolis terms into the Lagrangian derivative, the block LU decomposition of the equations results in a symmetric positive-definite pseudo-Helmholtz operator which we solve using the generalized minimum residual method (GMRES) with a fast projection method [Comput. Methods Appl. Mech. Eng. 163 (1998) 193]. Results for eight test cases are presented to confirm the accuracy and stability of the method. These results show that SESL yields the same accuracy as an Eulerian spectral element semi-implicit (SESI) while allowing for time-steps 10 times as large and being up to 70% more efficient. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Giraldo, FX (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 37 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9991 J9 J COMPUT PHYS JI J. Comput. Phys. PD SEP 20 PY 2003 VL 190 IS 2 BP 623 EP 650 DI 10.1016/S0021-9991(03)00300-0 PG 28 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 727WK UT WOS:000185683700012 ER PT J AU Bender, G Wilson, MS Zawodzinski, TA AF Bender, G Wilson, MS Zawodzinski, TA TI Further refinements in the segmented cell approach to diagnosing performance in polymer electrolyte fuel cells SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE PEMFC; PEFC; design; impedance; current distribution; segmented cell AB Described is the most recent configuration of a segmented Cell used to measure current distribution across the Surface of an electrode in a polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC). In this fourth generation cell design, measurement and data collection capabilities have been modified to significantly improve ease of use and quality of information obtained. The current configuration allows examination of spatial resolution of the cell current and cell voltage with respect to well-defined baseline reference measurements, as well as measurement of the high frequency resistance (HFR) distribution and spatial ac impedance spectroscopy. This specially designed cell is intended for use in studies on time and location resolved carbon monoxide poisoning, humidification and flow-field design effects on fuel cell performance. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Elect & Electrochem Mat & Devices Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Bender, G (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Elect & Electrochem Mat & Devices Grp, MST-11,MS D429, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 7 TC 76 Z9 78 U1 1 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD SEP 20 PY 2003 VL 123 IS 2 BP 163 EP 171 DI 10.1016/S0378-7753(03)00533-0 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 724NR UT WOS:000185494100007 ER PT J AU Belt, JR Ho, CD Motloch, CG Miller, TJ Duong, TQ AF Belt, JR Ho, CD Motloch, CG Miller, TJ Duong, TQ TI A capacity and power fade study of Li-ion cells during life cycle testing SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE cycle life; lithium-ion cell; capacity fade; power fade; delta-state of charge (Delta SOC); DOD AB We tested three lithum-ion cells to evaluate capacity and power fade during cycle life testing of a hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) cell with varying state of charge (DeltaSOC). Test results showed that the cells had Sufficient power and energy capability to meet the Partnership for a New Generation of Vehicles (PNGV), now called FreedomCAR, goals for Power Assist Lit the beginning of life and after 120,000 life cycles using 48 cells. The initial static capacity tests showed that the capacity of the cells stabilized after three discharges at an average of 14.67 Ah. Capacity faded as expected over the course of 120,000 life cycles. However, capacity fade did not vary with DeltaSOC. The hybrid pulse power characterization (HPPC) tests indicated that the cells were able to meet the power and energy goals at the beginning of testing and after 120,000 life cycles. The rate of power fade of the lithium-ion cells during cycle life testing increased with increasing DeltaSOC. Capacity fade is believed to be due to lithium corrosion at the anode, and power fade suggested a buildup of the SEl layer or a decrepitation of the active material. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. Ford Motor Co, THINK Technol, Dearborn, MI 48120 USA. US DOE, Washington, DC 20585 USA. RP Belt, JR (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. NR 7 TC 21 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD SEP 20 PY 2003 VL 123 IS 2 BP 241 EP 246 DI 10.1016/S0378-7753(03)00537-8 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 724NR UT WOS:000185494100016 ER PT J AU Belharouak, I Sun, YK Liu, J Amine, K AF Belharouak, I Sun, YK Liu, J Amine, K TI Li(Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3)O-2 as a suitable cathode for high power applications SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE Li-ion batteries; cathode material; layered structure; hybrid electric vehicle; high power ID LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES; DIFFRACTION AB The electrochemical performance of the layered Li(Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3)O-2 material have been investigated as a promising cathode for a hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) application. A C/Li(Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3)O-2 cell, cycled between 2.9 and 4.1 V at 1.5 C rate, does not show any sign of capacity fade up to 100 cycles, whereas at the 5 C rate, a loss of only 18% of capacity is observed after 200 cycles. The Li(Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3)O-2 host cathode converts from the hexagonal to a monoclinic symmetry at a high state of charge. The cell pulse power capability on charge and discharge were found to exceed the requirement for powering a hybrid HEV The accelerated calendar life tests performed on C/Li(Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3)O-2 cells charged at 4.1 V and stored at 50degreesC have shown a limited area specific impedance (ASI) increase unlike C/Li(Ni0.8Co0.8)O-2 based-cells. A differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) comparative study clearly showed that the thermal stability of Li(Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3)O-2 is much better than that of Li(Ni0.8Co0.2)O-2 and Li(Ni0.8Co0.5Al0.05)O-2 cathodes. Also, DSC data of Li(Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3)O-2 cathode charged at 4.1, 4.3, and 4.6 V Lire presented and their corresponding exothermic heat flow peaks are discussed. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem Engn, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Hanyang Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Seoul 133791, South Korea. RP Belharouak, I (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem Engn, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Sun, Yang-Kook/B-9157-2013; Amine, Khalil/K-9344-2013; OI Sun, Yang-Kook/0000-0002-0117-0170; Belharouak, Ilias/0000-0002-3985-0278 NR 15 TC 203 Z9 220 U1 12 U2 111 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD SEP 20 PY 2003 VL 123 IS 2 BP 247 EP 252 DI 10.1016/S0378-7753(03)00529-9 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 724NR UT WOS:000185494100017 ER PT J AU Chan, TL Wang, CZ Lu, ZY Ho, KM AF Chan, TL Wang, CZ Lu, ZY Ho, KM TI Mixed PbSi dimer chains on Si(100): a first-principles study SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE density functional calculations; scanning tunneling microscopy; surface structure; morphology; roughness; and topography; surface energy; self-assembly; silicon; lead; low index single crystal surfaces ID SI AD-DIMERS; ELECTRON-GAS; SI(001); SURFACE; GROWTH; DYNAMICS; AL AB It has been a common belief that the one-dimensional structures observed by STM at low coverage of Pb on Si(100) are buckled Pb-Pb dimer chains. However, using first-principles density functional calculations, we found that it is energetically favorable for Pb adatoms to intermix with Si atoms to form mixed dimer chains on Si(100), instead of Pb-Pb dimer chains as assumed in previous studies. Up to a Pb coverage of 0.125 ML, mixed PbSi dimer chain is 0.19 eV per Pb atom lower in energy than Pb dimer chain. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, USDOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, USDOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM phyliang@iastate.edu; wangcz@ameslab.gov RI 上官, 敏慧/E-8964-2012 NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 EI 1879-2758 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD SEP 20 PY 2003 VL 542 IS 3 BP L649 EP L654 DI 10.1016/S0039-6028(03)00993-2 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 723VG UT WOS:000185451800001 ER PT J AU DiMasi, E Olszta, MJ Patel, VM Gower, LB AF DiMasi, E Olszta, MJ Patel, VM Gower, LB TI When is template directed mineralization really template directed? SO CRYSTENGCOMM LA English DT Article ID STEARIC-ACID MONOLAYERS; CALCIUM-CARBONATE; ORIENTED CRYSTALLIZATION; COMPRESSED MONOLAYERS; LANGMUIR MONOLAYERS; GROWTH; FILMS; NUCLEATION; CRYSTALS; CACO3 AB In-situ synchrotron X-ray scattering clarifies the role of templating on calcium carbonate mineralization. Fatty acid monolayers are reorganized by Ca(2+) in the subphase, into structures with no epitaxial relation to CaCO(3) planes. Crystals are not oriented relative to the film; kinetics dominates polytype selection. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. Univ Florida, Coll Med, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP DiMasi, E (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM dimasi@bnl.gov RI Gower, Laurie/A-5947-2008 OI Gower, Laurie/0000-0003-2927-5406 NR 24 TC 54 Z9 55 U1 1 U2 12 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1466-8033 J9 CRYSTENGCOMM JI Crystengcomm PD SEP 19 PY 2003 VL 5 BP 346 EP 350 DI 10.1039/b309800a PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA 724TX UT WOS:000185503700001 ER PT J AU Cavazzini, A Felinger, A Guiochon, G AF Cavazzini, A Felinger, A Guiochon, G TI Comparison between adsorption isotherm determination techniques and overloaded band profiles on four batches of monolithic columns SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article DE adsorption isotherms; overloaded band profiles; monolithic columns; inverse numerical method; 4-tert-butylphenol ID LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; CAPILLARY ELECTROCHROMATOGRAPHY; NUMERICAL ESTIMATION; STATIONARY-PHASE; EQUILIBRIUM; ENANTIOMERS; SIMULATION; OPTIMIZATION; BEHAVIOR AB The adsorption isotherms of 4-tert-butyl phenol were measured on four different monolithic columns, using three different techniques, classical frontal analysis (FA), the perturbation on a plateau method (PP) and the recently introduced numerical procedure known as the inverse numerical method (IN). This last approach requires only the recording of a few overloaded profiles and has the potential advantage of affording a dramatic decrease of the amounts of compounds, solvent, and time needed to determine accurate estimates of the coefficients of the isotherm. The reproducibility of the adsorption data measured on the four columns is discussed with reference to the specific techniques used for obtaining these data and to the most suitable equation used for modeling them. The data obtained for the different columns were highly consistent. The inverse numerical approach was confirmed to provide a powerful, accurate, and economic method for measuring single component adsorption data. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Guiochon, G (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, 552 Buehler Hall, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM guiochon@utk.edu RI Felinger, Attila/A-1595-2008; Cavazzini, Alberto/B-7051-2015 OI Felinger, Attila/0000-0001-7130-1968; Cavazzini, Alberto/0000-0002-2510-0871 NR 37 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD SEP 19 PY 2003 VL 1012 IS 2 BP 139 EP 149 DI 10.1016/S0021-9673(03)01185-3 PG 11 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 718QK UT WOS:000185157800004 PM 14521310 ER PT J AU Smith, PC Flagg, CN Limeburner, R Fuentes-Yaco, C Hannah, C Beardsley, RC Irish, JD AF Smith, PC Flagg, CN Limeburner, R Fuentes-Yaco, C Hannah, C Beardsley, RC Irish, JD TI Scotian Shelf crossovers during winter/spring 1999 SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article DE Georges Bank; Scotian Shelf Water; GLOBEC; Northeast Peak; Northeast Channel; Browns Bank ID GEORGES BANK; GULF; CIRCULATION; MAINE; CANYON; WATER; WINDS AB [1] A field program detected direct " crossover'' of Scotian Shelf Water ( SSC) from Browns to Georges Bank during winter/ spring 1999 using ( 1) moored measurements, ( 2) drogued drifters, and ( 3) satellite imagery. Statistics of the 30- day trajectories indicate that ( 18, 55) +/- 17% of the drifters crossed the ( 100, 200) m isobaths on Georges Bank. Transit times ranged from 2 to 26 days. Four of the drifters crossed onto the Northeast Peak ( NEP) coinciding with the detection of Scotian ShelfWater at the central NEP mooring. These events are deemed " significant'' because they serve to deliver particles from the Scotian Shelf directly to the gadoid spawning grounds on Georges Bank. Depths of the SSC layers lie between 15 and 50 m, and " residence times'' for the Scotian Shelf Water on the NEP are estimated at 3 to 4 weeks. Canonical correlation analysis of the NEP temperature and salinity records suggest that 10% of the correlation structure among the variables is related to SSCs, while 70% is associated with the annual cycle. A search for SSC driving mechanisms reveals that ( 1) interannual variability of the annual freshwater discharge from the Gulf of St. Lawrence is not a factor, ( 2) Ekman-like response of near- surface currents to southeast wind stress plays a role but is not the dominant factor, and ( 3) mesoscale baroclinic features penetrating Northeast Channel from offshore are the most likely cause. Furthermore, the incidence of SSCs may be related to offshore fronts whose proximity is positively correlated with the North Atlantic Oscillation index. C1 Bedford Inst Oceanog, Dartmouth, NS B2Y 4A2, Canada. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. RP Smith, PC (reprint author), Bedford Inst Oceanog, POB 1006, Dartmouth, NS B2Y 4A2, Canada. NR 26 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD SEP 19 PY 2003 VL 108 IS C11 AR 8013 DI 10.1029/2001JC001288 PG 31 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 724FY UT WOS:000185478600001 ER PT J AU Aubert, B Barate, R Boutigny, D Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Robbe, P Tisserand, V Zghiche, A Palano, A Pompili, A Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Ofte, I Stugu, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Charles, E Day, CT Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kral, JF Kukartsev, G LeClerc, C Levi, ME Lynch, G Mir, LM Oddone, PJ Orimoto, TJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Romosan, A Ronan, MT Shelkov, VG Telnov, AV Wenzel, WA Ford, K Harrison, TJ Hawkes, CM Knowles, DJ Morgan, SE Penny, RC Watson, AT Watson, NK Deppermann, T Goetzen, K Koch, H Lewandowski, B Pelizaeus, M Peters, K Schmuecker, H Steinke, M Barlow, NR Boyd, JT Chevalier, N Cottingham, WN Kelly, MP Latham, TE Mackay, C Wilson, FF Abe, K Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T Hearty, C Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Kyberd, P McKemey, AK Blinov, VE Bukin, AD Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Solodov, EP Yushkov, AN Best, D Chao, M Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M McMahon, S Mommsen, RK Roethel, W Stoker, DP Buchanan, C del Re, D Hadavand, HK Hill, EJ MacFarlane, DB Paar, HP Rahatlou, S Schwanke, U Sharma, V Berryhill, JW Campagnari, C Dahmes, B Kuznetsova, N Levy, SL Long, O Lu, A Mazur, MA Richman, JD Verkerke, W Beck, TW Beringer, J Eisner, AM Grothe, M Heusch, CA Lockman, WS Schalk, T Schmitz, RE Schumm, BA Seiden, A Turri, M Walkowiak, W Williams, DC Wilson, MG Albert, J Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Hitlin, DG Narsky, I Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Yang, S Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Abe, T Barillari, T Blanc, F Bloom, P Clark, PJ Ford, WT Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Rankin, P Roy, J Smith, JG van Hoek, WC Zhang, L Harton, JL Hu, T Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Zhang, J Altenburg, D Brandt, T Brose, J Colberg, T Dickopp, M Dubitzky, RS Hauke, A Lacker, HM Maly, E Muller-Pfefferkorn, R Nogowski, R Otto, S Schubert, KR Schwierz, R Spaan, B Wilden, L Bernard, D Bonneaud, GR Brochard, F Cohen-Tanugi, J Thiebaux, C Vasileiadis, G Verderi, M Khan, A Lavin, D Muheim, F Playfer, S Swain, JE Tinslay, J Andreotti, M Bettoni, D Bozzi, C Calabrese, R Cibinetto, G Luppi, E Negrini, M Piemontese, L Sarti, A Treadwell, E Anulli, F Baldini-Ferroli, R Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Falciai, D Finocchiaro, G Patteri, P Peruzzi, IM Piccolo, M Zallo, A Buzzo, A Contri, R Crosetti, G Lo Vetere, M Macri, M Monge, MR Passaggio, S Pastore, FC Patrignani, C Robutti, E Santroni, A Tosi, S Bailey, S Morii, M Aspinwall, ML Bhimji, W Bowerman, DA Dauncey, PD Egede, U Eschrich, I Morton, GW Nash, JA Sanders, P Taylor, GP Grenier, GJ Lee, SJ Mallik, U Cochran, J Crawley, HB Lamsa, J Meyer, WT Prell, S Rosenberg, EI Yi, J Davier, M Grosdidier, G Hocker, A Laplace, S Le Diberder, F Lepeltier, V Lutz, AM Petersen, TC Plaszczynski, S Schune, MH Tantot, L Wormser, G Brigljevic, V Cheng, CH Lange, DJ Wright, DM Bevan, AJ Coleman, JP Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R Kay, M Parry, RJ Payne, DJ Sloane, RJ Touramanis, C Back, JJ Harrison, PF Shorthouse, HW Strother, P Vidal, PB Brown, CL Cowan, G Flack, RL Flaecher, HU George, S Green, MG Kurup, A Marker, CE McMahon, TR Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Vaitsas, G Winter, MA Brown, D Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, RJ Forti, AC Hart, PA Jackson, F Lafferty, GD Lyon, AJ Weatherall, JH Williams, JC Farbin, A Jawahery, A Kovalskyi, D Lae, CK Lillard, V Roberts, DA Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Flood, KT Hertzbach, SS Kofler, R Koptchev, VB Moore, TB Saremi, S Staengle, H Willocq, S Cowan, R Sciolla, G Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Mangeol, DJJ Milek, M Patel, PM Lazzaro, A Palombo, F Bauer, JM Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Godang, R Kroeger, R Reidy, J Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Zhao, HW Hast, C Taras, P Nicholson, H Cartaro, C Cavallo, N De Nardo, G Fabozzi, F Gatto, C Lista, L Paolucci, P Piccolo, D Sciacca, C Baak, MA Raven, G LoSecco, JM Gabriel, TA Brau, B Pulliam, T Brau, J Frey, R Potter, CT Sinev, NB Strom, D Torrence, E Colecchia, F Dorigo, A Galeazzi, F Margoni, M Morandin, M Posocco, M Rotondo, M Simonetto, F Stroili, R Tiozzo, G Voci, C Benayoun, M Briand, H Chauveau, J David, P de la Vaissiere, C Del Buono, L Hamon, O John, MJJ Leruste, P Ocariz, J Pivk, M Roos, L Stark, J T'Jampens, S Manfredi, PF Re, V Gladney, L Guo, QH Panetta, J Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bondioli, M Bucci, F Calderini, G Carpinelli, M Forti, F Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Marchiori, G Martinez-Vidal, F Morganti, M Neri, N Paoloni, E Rama, M Rizzo, G Sandrelli, F Walsh, J Haire, M Judd, D Paick, K Wagoner, DE Danielson, N Elmer, P Lu, C Miftakov, V Olsen, J Smith, AJS Varnes, EW Bellini, F Cavoto, G Faccini, R Ferrarotto, F Ferroni, F Gaspero, M Mazzoni, MA Morganti, S Pierini, M Piredda, G Tehrani, FS Voena, C Christ, S Wagner, G Waldi, R Adye, T De Groot, N Franek, B Geddes, NI Gopal, GP Olaiya, EO Xella, SM Aleksan, R Emery, S Gaidot, A Ganzhur, SF Giraud, PF de Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Langer, M London, GW Mayer, B Schott, G Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Purohit, MV Weidemann, AW Yumiceva, FX Aston, D Bartoldus, R Berger, N Boyarski, AM Buchmueller, OL Convery, MR Coupal, DP Dong, D Dorfan, J Dujmic, D Dunwoodie, W Field, RC Glanzman, T Gowdy, SJ Grauges-Pous, E Hadig, T Halyo, V Hryn'ova, T Innes, WR Jessop, CP Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Langenegger, U Leith, DWGS Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Marsiske, H Menke, S Messner, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Ozcan, VE Perazzo, A Perl, M Petrak, S Ratcliff, BN Robertson, SH Roodman, A Salnikov, AA Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Simi, G Snyder, A Soha, A Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Tanaka, HA Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weaver, M Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Wright, DH Young, CC Burchat, PR Edwards, AJ Meyer, TI Roat, C Ahmed, S Alam, MS Ernst, JA Saleem, M Wappler, FR Bugg, W Krishnamurthy, M Spanier, SM Eckmann, R Kim, H Ritchie, JL Schwitters, RF Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Ye, S Bianchi, F Bona, M Gallo, F Gamba, D Borean, C Bosisio, L Della Ricca, G Dittongo, S Grancagnolo, S Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vitale, L Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Banerjee, S Brown, CM Fortin, D Jackson, PD Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Band, HR Dasu, S Datta, M Eichenbaum, AM Hu, H Johnson, JR Kutter, PE Li, H Liu, R Di Lodovico, F Mihalyi, A Mohapatra, AK Pan, Y Prepost, R Sekula, SJ von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, J Wu, SL Yu, Z Neal, H AF Aubert, B Barate, R Boutigny, D Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Robbe, P Tisserand, V Zghiche, A Palano, A Pompili, A Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Ofte, I Stugu, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Charles, E Day, CT Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kral, JF Kukartsev, G LeClerc, C Levi, ME Lynch, G Mir, LM Oddone, PJ Orimoto, TJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Romosan, A Ronan, MT Shelkov, VG Telnov, AV Wenzel, WA Ford, K Harrison, TJ Hawkes, CM Knowles, DJ Morgan, SE Penny, RC Watson, AT Watson, NK Deppermann, T Goetzen, K Koch, H Lewandowski, B Pelizaeus, M Peters, K Schmuecker, H Steinke, M Barlow, NR Boyd, JT Chevalier, N Cottingham, WN Kelly, MP Latham, TE Mackay, C Wilson, FF Abe, K Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T Hearty, C Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Kyberd, P McKemey, AK Blinov, VE Bukin, AD Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Solodov, EP Yushkov, AN Best, D Chao, M Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M McMahon, S Mommsen, RK Roethel, W Stoker, DP Buchanan, C del Re, D Hadavand, HK Hill, EJ MacFarlane, DB Paar, HP Rahatlou, S Schwanke, U Sharma, V Berryhill, JW Campagnari, C Dahmes, B Kuznetsova, N Levy, SL Long, O Lu, A Mazur, MA Richman, JD Verkerke, W Beck, TW Beringer, J Eisner, AM Grothe, M Heusch, CA Lockman, WS Schalk, T Schmitz, RE Schumm, BA Seiden, A Turri, M Walkowiak, W Williams, DC Wilson, MG Albert, J Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Hitlin, DG Narsky, I Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Yang, S Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Abe, T Barillari, T Blanc, F Bloom, P Clark, PJ Ford, WT Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Rankin, P Roy, J Smith, JG van Hoek, WC Zhang, L Harton, JL Hu, T Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Zhang, J Altenburg, D Brandt, T Brose, J Colberg, T Dickopp, M Dubitzky, RS Hauke, A Lacker, HM Maly, E Muller-Pfefferkorn, R Nogowski, R Otto, S Schubert, KR Schwierz, R Spaan, B Wilden, L Bernard, D Bonneaud, GR Brochard, F Cohen-Tanugi, J Thiebaux, C Vasileiadis, G Verderi, M Khan, A Lavin, D Muheim, F Playfer, S Swain, JE Tinslay, J Andreotti, M Bettoni, D Bozzi, C Calabrese, R Cibinetto, G Luppi, E Negrini, M Piemontese, L Sarti, A Treadwell, E Anulli, F Baldini-Ferroli, R Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Falciai, D Finocchiaro, G Patteri, P Peruzzi, IM Piccolo, M Zallo, A Buzzo, A Contri, R Crosetti, G Lo Vetere, M Macri, M Monge, MR Passaggio, S Pastore, FC Patrignani, C Robutti, E Santroni, A Tosi, S Bailey, S Morii, M Aspinwall, ML Bhimji, W Bowerman, DA Dauncey, PD Egede, U Eschrich, I Morton, GW Nash, JA Sanders, P Taylor, GP Grenier, GJ Lee, SJ Mallik, U Cochran, J Crawley, HB Lamsa, J Meyer, WT Prell, S Rosenberg, EI Yi, J Davier, M Grosdidier, G Hocker, A Laplace, S Le Diberder, F Lepeltier, V Lutz, AM Petersen, TC Plaszczynski, S Schune, MH Tantot, L Wormser, G Brigljevic, V Cheng, CH Lange, DJ Wright, DM Bevan, AJ Coleman, JP Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R Kay, M Parry, RJ Payne, DJ Sloane, RJ Touramanis, C Back, JJ Harrison, PF Shorthouse, HW Strother, P Vidal, PB Brown, CL Cowan, G Flack, RL Flaecher, HU George, S Green, MG Kurup, A Marker, CE McMahon, TR Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Vaitsas, G Winter, MA Brown, D Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, RJ Forti, AC Hart, PA Jackson, F Lafferty, GD Lyon, AJ Weatherall, JH Williams, JC Farbin, A Jawahery, A Kovalskyi, D Lae, CK Lillard, V Roberts, DA Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Flood, KT Hertzbach, SS Kofler, R Koptchev, VB Moore, TB Saremi, S Staengle, H Willocq, S Cowan, R Sciolla, G Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Mangeol, DJJ Milek, M Patel, PM Lazzaro, A Palombo, F Bauer, JM Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Godang, R Kroeger, R Reidy, J Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Zhao, HW Hast, C Taras, P Nicholson, H Cartaro, C Cavallo, N De Nardo, G Fabozzi, F Gatto, C Lista, L Paolucci, P Piccolo, D Sciacca, C Baak, MA Raven, G LoSecco, JM Gabriel, TA Brau, B Pulliam, T Brau, J Frey, R Potter, CT Sinev, NB Strom, D Torrence, E Colecchia, F Dorigo, A Galeazzi, F Margoni, M Morandin, M Posocco, M Rotondo, M Simonetto, F Stroili, R Tiozzo, G Voci, C Benayoun, M Briand, H Chauveau, J David, P de la Vaissiere, C Del Buono, L Hamon, O John, MJJ Leruste, P Ocariz, J Pivk, M Roos, L Stark, J T'Jampens, S Manfredi, PF Re, V Gladney, L Guo, QH Panetta, J Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bondioli, M Bucci, F Calderini, G Carpinelli, M Forti, F Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Marchiori, G Martinez-Vidal, F Morganti, M Neri, N Paoloni, E Rama, M Rizzo, G Sandrelli, F Walsh, J Haire, M Judd, D Paick, K Wagoner, DE Danielson, N Elmer, P Lu, C Miftakov, V Olsen, J Smith, AJS Varnes, EW Bellini, F Cavoto, G Faccini, R Ferrarotto, F Ferroni, F Gaspero, M Mazzoni, MA Morganti, S Pierini, M Piredda, G Tehrani, FS Voena, C Christ, S Wagner, G Waldi, R Adye, T De Groot, N Franek, B Geddes, NI Gopal, GP Olaiya, EO Xella, SM Aleksan, R Emery, S Gaidot, A Ganzhur, SF Giraud, PF de Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Langer, M London, GW Mayer, B Schott, G Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Purohit, MV Weidemann, AW Yumiceva, FX Aston, D Bartoldus, R Berger, N Boyarski, AM Buchmueller, OL Convery, MR Coupal, DP Dong, D Dorfan, J Dujmic, D Dunwoodie, W Field, RC Glanzman, T Gowdy, SJ Grauges-Pous, E Hadig, T Halyo, V Hryn'ova, T Innes, WR Jessop, CP Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Langenegger, U Leith, DWGS Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Marsiske, H Menke, S Messner, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Ozcan, VE Perazzo, A Perl, M Petrak, S Ratcliff, BN Robertson, SH Roodman, A Salnikov, AA Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Simi, G Snyder, A Soha, A Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Tanaka, HA Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weaver, M Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Wright, DH Young, CC Burchat, PR Edwards, AJ Meyer, TI Roat, C Ahmed, S Alam, MS Ernst, JA Saleem, M Wappler, FR Bugg, W Krishnamurthy, M Spanier, SM Eckmann, R Kim, H Ritchie, JL Schwitters, RF Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Ye, S Bianchi, F Bona, M Gallo, F Gamba, D Borean, C Bosisio, L Della Ricca, G Dittongo, S Grancagnolo, S Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vitale, L Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Banerjee, S Brown, CM Fortin, D Jackson, PD Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Band, HR Dasu, S Datta, M Eichenbaum, AM Hu, H Johnson, JR Kutter, PE Li, H Liu, R Di Lodovico, F Mihalyi, A Mohapatra, AK Pan, Y Prepost, R Sekula, SJ von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, J Wu, SL Yu, Z Neal, H CA BABAR Collaboration TI Limits on D-0-(D)over-bar(0) mixing and CP violation from the ratio of lifetimes for decay to K-pi(+), K-K+, and pi(-)pi(+) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID D-MESON SYSTEM AB We present a measurement of D-0-(D) over bar (0) mixing parameters using the ratios of lifetimes extracted from samples of D-0 mesons decaying to K(-)pi(+), K-K+, and pi(-)pi(+). Using 91 fb(-1) of data collected by the BABAR detector at the PEP-II asymmetric-energy B Factory, we obtain a value Y=[0.8+/-0.4(stat.)(-0.4)(+0.5)(syst.)]%, which, in the limit of CP conservation, corresponds to the mixing parameter y=DeltaGamma/2Gamma. Using the difference in lifetimes of D-0 and (D) over bar (0) mesons, we obtain the CP-violation parameter DeltaY=[-0.8+/-0.6(stat.)+/-0.2(syst.)]%. C1 Phys Particules Lab, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. Univ Bari, Dipartimento Fis, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Univ Bergen, Inst Phys, N-5007 Bergen, Norway. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. Ruhr Univ Bochum, Inst Expt Phys, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. Univ Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. Brunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England. Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Kern & Teilchenphys, D-01062 Dresden, Germany. Ecole Polytech, LLR, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. Univ Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Midlothian, Scotland. Univ Ferrara, Dipartimento Fis, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Florida A&M Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32307 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Genoa, Dipartimento Fis, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London SW7 2BW, England. Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Lab Accelerateur Lineaire, F-91898 Orsay, France. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. Univ London, Queen Mary, London E1 4NS, England. Univ London Royal Holloway & Bedford New Coll, Egham TW20 0EX, Surrey, England. Univ Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. Univ Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. MIT, Nucl Sci Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA. Univ Montreal, Lab Rene JA Levesque, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. Mt Holyoke Coll, S Hadley, MA 01075 USA. Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Sci Fisiche, I-80126 Naples, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-80126 Naples, Italy. Natl Inst Nucl Phys & High Energy Phys, NIKHEF H, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Univ Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Univ Paris 06, Lab Phys Nucl HE, F-75252 Paris, France. Univ Paris 07, F-75252 Paris, France. Univ Pavia, Dipartimento Elettr, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis, Scuola Normale Super, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. Prairie View A&M Univ, Prairie View, TX 77446 USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Univ Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. CEA Saclay, DSM Dapnia, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. SUNY Albany, Albany, NY 12222 USA. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Univ Texas, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Sperimentale, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Univ Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6, Canada. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. Univ Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. Univ Basilicata, I-85100 Potenza, Italy. Univ Valencia, CSIC, IFIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular, Valencia, Spain. RP Aubert, B (reprint author), Phys Particules Lab, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. RI Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Di Lodovico, Francesca/L-9109-2016; Calcaterra, Alessandro/P-5260-2015; Frey, Raymond/E-2830-2016; Luppi, Eleonora/A-4902-2015; Kravchenko, Evgeniy/F-5457-2015; Calabrese, Roberto/G-4405-2015; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/G-7212-2015; Martinez Vidal, F*/L-7563-2014; Kolomensky, Yury/I-3510-2015; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/J-5049-2012; Grancagnolo, Sergio/J-3957-2015; Lusiani, Alberto/N-2976-2015; Morandin, Mauro/A-3308-2016; Lusiani, Alberto/A-3329-2016; de Sangro, Riccardo/J-2901-2012; Rotondo, Marcello/I-6043-2012; Bagnasco, Stefano/J-4324-2012; Neri, Nicola/G-3991-2012; Forti, Francesco/H-3035-2011; Lista, Luca/C-5719-2008; Peters, Klaus/C-2728-2008; Bellini, Fabio/D-1055-2009; Negrini, Matteo/C-8906-2014; Patrignani, Claudia/C-5223-2009; Monge, Maria Roberta/G-9127-2012; Cavallo, Nicola/F-8913-2012; de Groot, Nicolo/A-2675-2009; Sarti, Alessio/I-2833-2012; Schaffner, Stephen/D-1189-2011 OI Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Di Lodovico, Francesca/0000-0003-3952-2175; Calcaterra, Alessandro/0000-0003-2670-4826; Frey, Raymond/0000-0003-0341-2636; Luppi, Eleonora/0000-0002-1072-5633; Calabrese, Roberto/0000-0002-1354-5400; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/0000-0002-4276-715X; Martinez Vidal, F*/0000-0001-6841-6035; Kolomensky, Yury/0000-0001-8496-9975; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/0000-0002-6520-4480; Grancagnolo, Sergio/0000-0001-8490-8304; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Morandin, Mauro/0000-0003-4708-4240; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; de Sangro, Riccardo/0000-0002-3808-5455; Rotondo, Marcello/0000-0001-5704-6163; Neri, Nicola/0000-0002-6106-3756; Forti, Francesco/0000-0001-6535-7965; Peters, Klaus/0000-0001-7133-0662; Bellini, Fabio/0000-0002-2936-660X; Negrini, Matteo/0000-0003-0101-6963; Patrignani, Claudia/0000-0002-5882-1747; Monge, Maria Roberta/0000-0003-1633-3195; Sarti, Alessio/0000-0001-5419-7951; NR 13 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 19 PY 2003 VL 91 IS 12 AR 121801 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.121801 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 723GP UT WOS:000185424700005 ER PT J AU Bao, W Chen, Y Qiu, Y Sarrao, JL AF Bao, W Chen, Y Qiu, Y Sarrao, JL TI Novel dynamic scaling regime in hole-doped La2CuO4 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC PHASE-DIAGRAM; SPIN CORRELATIONS; HEISENBERG-ANTIFERROMAGNET; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; DOPING DEPENDENCE; NORMAL-STATE; LA2-XSRXCUO4; TEMPERATURE; FLUCTUATIONS; LA2CU1-XLIXO4 AB Only 3% hole doping by Li is sufficient to suppress the long-range three-dimensional (3D) antiferromagnetic order in La2CuO4. The spin dynamics of such a 2D spin liquid state at T<2 or 4-->3) needed to promote a ground state electron across the energy gap. The wavelength dependence of the damage threshold suggests that a primary mechanism for damage initiation in DKDP is a multiphoton process in which the order is reduced through excited defect state absorption. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RI Carr, Chris/F-7163-2013 NR 30 TC 140 Z9 145 U1 5 U2 33 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 19 PY 2003 VL 91 IS 12 AR 127402 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.127402 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 723GP UT WOS:000185424700051 PM 14525399 ER PT J AU Madey, R Semenov, AY Taylor, S Plaster, B Aghalaryan, A Crouse, E MacLachlan, G Tajima, S Tireman, W Yan, CY Ahmidouch, A Anderson, BD Arenhovel, H Asaturyan, R Baker, OK Baldwin, AR Barkhuff, D Breuer, H Carlini, R Christy, E Churchwell, S Cole, L Danagoulian, S Day, D Eden, T Elaasar, M Ent, R Farkhondeh, M Fenker, H Finn, JM Gan, L Garrow, K Gasparian, A Gueye, P Howell, CR Hu, B Jones, MK Kelly, JJ Keppel, C Khandaker, M Kim, WY Kowalski, S Lai, A Lung, A Mack, D Manley, DM Markowitz, P Mitchell, J Mkrtchyan, H Opper, AK Perdrisat, C Punjabi, V Raue, B Reichelt, T Reinhold, J Roche, J Sato, Y Savvinov, N Semenova, IA Seo, W Simicevic, N Smith, G Stepanyan, S Tadevosyan, V Tang, L Ulmer, PE Vulcan, W Watson, JW Wells, S Wesselmann, F Wood, S Yan, C Yang, S Yuan, L Zhang, WM Zhu, H Zhu, X AF Madey, R Semenov, AY Taylor, S Plaster, B Aghalaryan, A Crouse, E MacLachlan, G Tajima, S Tireman, W Yan, CY Ahmidouch, A Anderson, BD Arenhovel, H Asaturyan, R Baker, OK Baldwin, AR Barkhuff, D Breuer, H Carlini, R Christy, E Churchwell, S Cole, L Danagoulian, S Day, D Eden, T Elaasar, M Ent, R Farkhondeh, M Fenker, H Finn, JM Gan, L Garrow, K Gasparian, A Gueye, P Howell, CR Hu, B Jones, MK Kelly, JJ Keppel, C Khandaker, M Kim, WY Kowalski, S Lai, A Lung, A Mack, D Manley, DM Markowitz, P Mitchell, J Mkrtchyan, H Opper, AK Perdrisat, C Punjabi, V Raue, B Reichelt, T Reinhold, J Roche, J Sato, Y Savvinov, N Semenova, IA Seo, W Simicevic, N Smith, G Stepanyan, S Tadevosyan, V Tang, L Ulmer, PE Vulcan, W Watson, JW Wells, S Wesselmann, F Wood, S Yan, C Yang, S Yuan, L Zhang, WM Zhu, H Zhu, X CA Jefferson Lab E93-038 Collaboratio TI Measurements of G(E)(n)/G(M)(n) from the H-2((e)over-right-arrow-e '(e)over-right-arrow)H-1 reaction to Q(2)=1.45 (GeV/c)(2) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRIC FORM-FACTOR; EXCLUSIVE DEUTERON ELECTRODISINTEGRATION; POLARIZATION TRANSFER; CHARGE RADIUS; NEUTRON; SCATTERING; TARGET; OBSERVABLES; MODEL; E'N)P AB We report new measurements of the ratio of the electric form factor to the magnetic form factor of the neutron, G(E)(n)/G(M)(n), obtained via recoil polarimetry from the quasielastic H-2((e) over right arrow ,e(')(n) over right arrow)H-1 reaction at Q(2) values of 0.45, 1.13, and 1.45 (GeV/c)(2) with relative statistical uncertainties of 7.6% and 8.4% at the two higher Q(2) points, which points have never been achieved in polarization measurements. C1 Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA. Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. Coll William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. Ohio Univ, Athens, OH 45701 USA. Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27708 USA. TUNL, Durham, NC 27708 USA. N Carolina Agr & Tech State Univ, Greensboro, NC 27411 USA. Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany. Hampton Univ, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. So Univ New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70126 USA. Calif State Univ Northridge, Norfolk, VA 23504 USA. Kyungpook Natl Univ, Taegu 702701, South Korea. Univ Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany. Louisiana Tech Univ, Ruston, LA 71272 USA. Old Dominion Univ, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. RP Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA. RI Zhu, Xiaofeng/B-9493-2011; Day, Donal/C-5020-2015 OI Day, Donal/0000-0001-7126-8934 NR 45 TC 118 Z9 118 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 19 PY 2003 VL 91 IS 12 AR 122002 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.122002 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 723GP UT WOS:000185424700007 PM 14525355 ER PT J AU Nazikian, R Kramer, GJ Cheng, CZ Gorelenkov, NN Berk, HL Sharapov, SE AF Nazikian, R Kramer, GJ Cheng, CZ Gorelenkov, NN Berk, HL Sharapov, SE TI New interpretation of alpha-particle-driven instabilities in deuterium-tritium experiments on the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID AXISYMMETRICAL TOROIDAL PLASMAS; ALFVEN EIGENMODES; TFTR PLASMAS; CONFINEMENT; CASTOR; SHEAR AB The original description of alpha particle driven instabilities in the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor in terms of toroidal Alfven eigenmodes (TAEs) remained inconsistent with three fundamental characteristics of the observations: (i) the variation of the mode frequency with toroidal mode number, (ii) the chirping of the mode frequency for a given toroidal mode number, and (iii) the antiballooning density perturbation of the modes. It is now shown that these characteristics can be explained by observing that cylindrical-like modes can exist in the weak magnetic shear region of the plasma that then make a transition to TAEs as the central safety factor decreases in time. C1 Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Univ Texas, Inst Fus Studies, Austin, TX 78712 USA. UKAEA Euratom Fus Assoc, Culham Sci Ctr, Abingdon OX14 3DB, Oxon, England. RP Nazikian, R (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RI Cheng, Chio/K-1005-2014 NR 20 TC 61 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 19 PY 2003 VL 91 IS 12 AR 125003 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.125003 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 723GP UT WOS:000185424700020 PM 14525368 ER PT J AU Patel, PK Mackinnon, AJ Key, MH Cowan, TE Foord, ME Allen, M Price, DF Ruhl, H Springer, PT Stephens, R AF Patel, PK Mackinnon, AJ Key, MH Cowan, TE Foord, ME Allen, M Price, DF Ruhl, H Springer, PT Stephens, R TI Isochoric heating of solid-density matter with an ultrafast proton beam SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID EQUATION-OF-STATE; PETAWATT LASER-PULSES; DEUTERIUM; PLASMA AB A new technique is described for the isochoric heating (i.e., heating at constant volume) of matter to high energy-density plasma states (>10(5) J/g) on a picosecond time scale (10(-12)sec). An intense, collimated, ultrashort-pulse beam of protons-generated by a high-intensity laser pulse-is used to isochorically heat a solid density material to a temperature of several eV. The duration of heating is shorter than the time scale for significant hydrodynamic expansion to occur; hence the material is heated to a solid density warm dense plasma state. Using spherically shaped laser targets, a focused proton beam is produced and used to heat a smaller volume to over 20 eV. The technique described of ultrafast proton heating provides a unique method for creating isochorically heated high-energy density plasma states. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Nevada, Dept Phys 220, Reno, NV 89507 USA. Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. RP Patel, PK (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Patel, Pravesh/E-1400-2011; MacKinnon, Andrew/P-7239-2014; Cowan, Thomas/A-8713-2011 OI MacKinnon, Andrew/0000-0002-4380-2906; Cowan, Thomas/0000-0002-5845-000X NR 22 TC 304 Z9 308 U1 3 U2 26 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 19 PY 2003 VL 91 IS 12 AR 125004 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.125004 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 723GP UT WOS:000185424700021 PM 14525369 ER PT J AU Segev, D Wei, SH AF Segev, D Wei, SH TI Design of shallow donor levels in diamond by isovalent-donor coupling SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID N-TYPE DIAMOND; THIN-FILMS; NITROGEN; PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; GROWTH; SULFUR AB Using the first-principles pseudopotential method, we have studied simultaneous isovalent and n-type doping in diamond. We show that Si induces fully occupied isovalent levels near the valence band maximum. The Si levels interact with N donor levels, making them much shallower. The donor transition energy level of the N+4Si defect complexes is found to be 0.09 eV below the conduction band minimum, which is the shallowest level found thus far for this system. The binding energy of the N+4Si complex is also large enough to insure its stability. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 26 TC 60 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 19 PY 2003 VL 91 IS 12 AR 126406 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.126406 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 723GP UT WOS:000185424700035 PM 14525383 ER PT J AU Wu, KH Fujikawa, Y Nagao, T Hasegawa, Y Nakayama, KS Xue, QK Wang, EG Briere, T Kumar, V Kawazoe, Y Zhang, SB Sakurai, T AF Wu, KH Fujikawa, Y Nagao, T Hasegawa, Y Nakayama, KS Xue, QK Wang, EG Briere, T Kumar, V Kawazoe, Y Zhang, SB Sakurai, T TI Na adsorption on the Si(111)-(7x7) surface: From two-dimensional gas to nanocluster array SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; ALKALI-METAL ATOMS; SI(111)7X7 SURFACE; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; SI(100); METALLIZATION; CHEMISORPTION; INTERFACES; TRANSITION; DIFFUSION AB We have systematically investigated Na adsorption on the Si(111)-(7x7) surface at room temperature using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). Below the critical coverage of 0.08 monolayer, we find intriguing contrast modulation instead of localized Na adsorbates, coupled with streaky noise in the STM images, which is accompanied by monotonic work function drop. Above the critical coverage, Na clusters emerge and form a self-assembled array. Combined with first-principles theoretical simulations, we conclude that the Na atoms on the (7x7) surface are, while strongly bound (similar to2.2 eV) to the surface, highly mobile in "basins" around the Si rest atoms, forming a two-dimensional gas phase at the initial coverage, and that the cluster at the higher coverage consists of six Na atoms together with three Si adatoms. C1 Tohoku Univ, Inst Mat Res, Sendai, Miyagi 980855, Japan. Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Beijing 100080, Peoples R China. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Tohoku Univ, Inst Mat Res, Sendai, Miyagi 980855, Japan. RI Fujikawa, Yasunori/A-6527-2009; Hasegawa, Yukio/B-3495-2009; Kawazoe, Yoshiyuki/C-2998-2011; Nakayama, Koji/E-5053-2012; NAGAO, Tadaaki/H-2582-2011; Krausnick, Jennifer/D-6291-2013; Kumar, Vijay/I-2599-2013; Zhang, Shengbai/D-4885-2013 OI Hasegawa, Yukio/0000-0002-6674-4745; Zhang, Shengbai/0000-0003-0833-5860 NR 30 TC 102 Z9 107 U1 2 U2 20 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 19 PY 2003 VL 91 IS 12 AR 126101 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.126101 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 723GP UT WOS:000185424700027 PM 14525375 ER PT J AU Coons, JE Halley, PJ McGlashan, SA Tran-Cong, T AF Coons, JE Halley, PJ McGlashan, SA Tran-Cong, T TI A review of drainage and spontaneous rupture in free standing thin films with tangentially immobile interfaces SO ADVANCES IN COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Review DE draining thin films; thin film stability; maximum transition thickness; critical thickness; spontaneous rupture; cell opening mechanisms ID LIQUID-FILMS; CRITICAL THICKNESS; DIMPLE FORMATION; FOAM STABILITY; SURFACTANTS; BEHAVIOR; MECHANISM; EMULSION AB A review of spontaneous rupture in thin films with tangentially immobile interfaces is presented that emphasizes the theoretical developments of film drainage and corrugation growth through the linearization of lubrication theory in a cylindrical geometry. Spontaneous rupture occurs when corrugations from adjacent interfaces become unstable and grow to a critical thickness. A corrugated interface is composed of a number of waveforms and each waveform becomes unstable at a unique transition thickness. The onset of instability occurs at the maximum transition thickness, and it is shown that only upper and lower bounds of this thickness can be predicted from linear stability analysis. The upper bound is equivalent to the Freakel criterion and is obtained from the zeroth order approximation of the H-3 term in the evolution equation. This criterion is determined solely by the film radius, interfacial tension and Hamaker constant. The lower bound is obtained from the first order approximation of the H-3 term in the evolution equation and is dependent on the film thinning velocity A semi-empirical equation, referred to as the MTR equation, is obtained by combining the drainage theory of Manev et al. [J. Dispersion Sci. Technol., 18 (1997) 769] and the experimental measurements of Radoev et al. [J. Colloid Interface Sci. 95 (1983) 254] and is shown to provide accurate predictions of film thinning velocity near the critical thickness of rupture. The MTR equation permits the prediction of the lower bound of the maximum transition thickness based entirely on film radius, Plateau border radius, interfacial tension, temperature and Hamaker constant. The MTR equation extrapolates to Reynolds equation under conditions when the Plateau border pressure is small, which provides a lower bound for the maximum transition thickness that is equivalent to the criterion of Gumerman and Homsy [Chem. Eng. Commun. 2 (1975) 27]. The relative accuracy of either bound is thought to be dependent on the amplitude of the hydrodynamic corrugations, and a semiempirical correlation is also obtained that permits the amplitude to be calculated as a function of the upper and lower bound of the maximum transition thickness. The relationship between the evolving theoretical developments is demonstrated by three film thickness master curves, which reduce to simple analytical expressions under limiting conditions when the drainage pressure drop is controlled by either the Plateau border capillary pressure or the van der Waals disjoining pressure. The master curves simplify solution of the various theoretical predictions enormously over the entire range of the linear approximation. Finally, it is shown that when the Frenkel criterion is used to assess film stability, recent studies reach conclusions that are contrary to the relevance of spontaneous rupture as a cell-opening mechanism in foams. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Queensland, Dept Chem Engn, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia. Univ So Queensland, Fac Engn & Surveying, Toowoomba, Qld 4350, Australia. RP Coons, JE (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663,Mail Stop C930, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Tran-Cong, Thanh/G-1077-2010; Coons, Jim/G-5159-2011; Halley, Peter/F-8435-2014; OI Tran-Cong, Thanh/0000-0002-7919-1879; Halley, Peter/0000-0001-8014-6613; Coons, Jim/0000-0003-1392-298X NR 45 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 2 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0001-8686 J9 ADV COLLOID INTERFAC JI Adv. Colloid Interface Sci. PD SEP 18 PY 2003 VL 105 BP 3 EP 62 DI 10.1016/S0001-8686(03)00003-4 PG 60 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 725LE UT WOS:000185544000001 PM 12969641 ER PT J AU Vontrat-Reberac, A Bosqued, JM Taylor, MGGT Lavraud, B Fontaine, D Dunlop, MW Laakso, H Cornilleau-Werhlin, N Canu, P Fazakerley, A AF Vontrat-Reberac, A Bosqued, JM Taylor, MGGT Lavraud, B Fontaine, D Dunlop, MW Laakso, H Cornilleau-Werhlin, N Canu, P Fazakerley, A TI Cluster observations of the high-altitude cusp for northward interplanetary magnetic field: A case study SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE high-altitude cusp; high-latitude cusp; magnetic reconnection ID HIGH-LATITUDE MAGNETOPAUSE; FLUX-TRANSFER EVENTS; SPECTROMETRY CIS EXPERIMENT; POLAR CUSP; DAYSIDE MAGNETOPAUSE; SOLAR-WIND; BOUNDARY-LAYER; INTERBALL OBSERVATIONS; PARTICLE SIGNATURES; RECONNECTION PULSES AB [1] Since January 2001, the multisatellite and multiinstrument CLUSTER mission gives a unique opportunity to study the structure and dynamics of the high-altitude polar cusp. On 17 March 2001, CLUSTER sampled the northern high-altitude cusp (7 - 9R(E)) around noon for more than 1 hour during very quiet interplanetary and magnetospheric conditions (P < 1 nPa, AE similar to 0) and for an Interplanetary Magnetic Field ( IMF) directed northward and duskward. In this paper we present detailed four-point plasma observations from the electron ( Plasma Electron And Current Experiment) and ion ( CLUSTER Ion Spectrometer) instruments. Ion observations throughout the cusp crossing reveal repetitive "reverse'' ion energy dispersions associated with sporadic electron injections. Ion injections are observed with a variable time repetition rate, from similar to 5 min to as low as similar to 1 min. Although highly turbulent, the observed convection flows are in close agreement with IMF-B(z) > 0 driven patterns, including one or two lobe reconnection-cells in the dayside polar cap, according to the amplitude of the B(y) component. The overall convection pattern responds in similar to 3 - 5 min to abrupt changes in the IMF orientation. Successive electron and ion patches are interpreted as signatures of pulsed, enhanced reconnection in the high-latitude magnetopause, poleward of CLUSTER, at a distance estimated to be 8 - 12R(E) and, at times, less. A four-point boundary analysis demonstrates that reconnected flux tubes ( Flux Transfer Events) convect with drift directions and velocities (6 - 15 km/s) in close agreement with the inferred convective patterns. Furthermore, CLUSTER demonstrates that boundary cusp motions, with a velocity up to similar to 20 km/s, are immediately and directly induced by abrupt changes in the IMF orientation. C1 CNRS, CETP, UVSQ, F-78140 Velizy Villacoublay, France. CNRS, CESR, F-31028 Toulouse, France. LANL, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Dept Space Sci, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. European Space Agcy, Estec, Dept Space Sci, NL-2200 AG Noordwijk, Netherlands. UCL, Mullard Space Sci Lab, Dorking RH5 6NT, Surrey, England. RP Vontrat-Reberac, A (reprint author), CNRS, CETP, UVSQ, 10-12 Ave Europe, F-78140 Velizy Villacoublay, France. EM aurelie.vontrat@cetp.ipsl.fr NR 83 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD SEP 18 PY 2003 VL 108 IS A9 AR 1346 DI 10.1029/2002JA009717 PG 29 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 724GG UT WOS:000185479400001 ER PT J AU Defazio, P Gray, SK AF Defazio, P Gray, SK TI A quantum dynamics study of D-2+OH -> DOH+D on the WSLFH potential energy function SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID TRANSITION-STATE THEORY; CHEMICAL-REACTION RATES; REAL WAVE-PACKETS; RATE CONSTANTS; REACTION PROBABILITIES; REACTIVE SCATTERING; APPROXIMATION; SURFACES; KINETICS; FINITE AB The quantum dynamics of the reaction D-2 + OH --> DOH + D on the Wu-Schatz-Lendvay-Fang-Harding ab initio-based potential energy function is investigated. A recently developed four-atom implementation of the real wave packet method is employed. Extensive six-dimensional calculations for a total angular momentum of J = 0 and, within the helicity-decoupled approximation, numerous J > 0 calculations are performed. Cross sections and rate constants for reaction are estimated using a J-shifting procedure and compared with quasi-classical trajectory, transition state theory, and experimental results. The results are also contrasted with comparable results for H-2 + OH. A surprising feature is that our rate constants agree best with zero-curvature transition state theory results, indicating that tunneling may not be as important as expected. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Siena, Dipartimento Chim, I-53100 Siena, Italy. RP Gray, SK (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 35 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD SEP 18 PY 2003 VL 107 IS 37 BP 7132 EP 7137 DI 10.1021/jp030190a PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 721XY UT WOS:000185344800011 ER PT J AU Kouri, DJ Vijay, A Hoffman, DK AF Kouri, DJ Vijay, A Hoffman, DK TI Inverse scattering theory: Renormalization of the Lippmann-Schwinger equation for quantum elastic scattering with spherical symmetry SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article AB We present a new inverse scattering series for quantum elastic scattering in three spherical dimensions. The new series, which converges absolutely, independent of the strength of the scattering interaction, results from a renormalization transformation of the Lippmann-Schwinger Fredholm integral equation to a Volterra form. A new feature of the formulation is that it does not require the determination of phase shifts and it can be applied even to integral cross-section measurements. The approach is illustrated by application to a simple example problem. C1 Univ Houston, Dept Chem, Houston, TX 77204 USA. Univ Houston, Dept Math, Houston, TX 77204 USA. Univ Houston, Dept Phys, Houston, TX 77204 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Kouri, DJ (reprint author), Univ Houston, Dept Chem, Houston, TX 77204 USA. NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD SEP 18 PY 2003 VL 107 IS 37 BP 7230 EP 7235 DI 10.1021/jp030273r PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 721XY UT WOS:000185344800024 ER PT J AU Kouri, DJ Papadakis, M Kakadiaris, I Hoffman, DK AF Kouri, DJ Papadakis, M Kakadiaris, I Hoffman, DK TI Properties of minimum uncertainty wavelets and their relations to the harmonic oscillator and the coherent states SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID DISTRIBUTED APPROXIMATING FUNCTIONS; QUANTUM-MECHANICS; BURGERS-EQUATION; DYNAMICS; FUNCTIONALS; PROPAGATOR; NUMBER AB We consider additional aspects of the recently derived "minimum uncertainty" (mu) wavelets. In particular, we show that they are fundamentally related to both the harmonic oscillator eigenstates and the canonical coherent states that play a fundamental role in quantum dynamics. In addition, we derive new raising and lowering operators that apply to the mu-wavelets. Finally, we explore in some detail the senses in which the mu-wavelets form complete sets that can be used in a variety of applications in quantum dynamics. C1 Univ Houston, Dept Chem, Houston, TX 77204 USA. Univ Houston, Dept Math, Houston, TX 77204 USA. Univ Houston, Dept Phys, Houston, TX 77204 USA. Univ Houston, Dept Math, Houston, TX 77204 USA. Univ Houston, Dept Comp Sci, Houston, TX 77204 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Kouri, DJ (reprint author), Univ Houston, Dept Chem, Univ Pk, Houston, TX 77204 USA. OI Kakadiaris, Ioannis/0000-0002-0591-1079 NR 33 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD SEP 18 PY 2003 VL 107 IS 37 BP 7318 EP 7327 DI 10.1021/jp030686s PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 721XY UT WOS:000185344800033 ER PT J AU Kuo, CW Shiu, JY Chen, PL Somorjai, GA AF Kuo, CW Shiu, JY Chen, PL Somorjai, GA TI Fabrication of size-tunable large-area periodic silicon nanopillar arrays with sub-10-nm resolution SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Letter ID DIP-PEN NANOLITHOGRAPHY; NANOSPHERE LITHOGRAPHY; NANOSCALE CMOS; SPACER FINFET; TERABIT ERA; CRYSTALS; NANOTECHNOLOGY; NANOPARTICLE; TECHNOLOGY; BANDGAP AB Here, we present a fabrication procedure that can produce large-area, size-tunable, periodic silicon nanopillar arrays, using metal templates that are created via nanosphere lithography. The size of the silicon nanopillars can be systematically controlled by an oxidation and etching process. The smallest size of nanopillars fabricated via this method is similar to9 nm, and the area covered with nanopillars is >1 cm(2). Using this approach and nanoimprint lithography, it is possible to pattern sub-10-nm metal nanoparticles with a particle density as high as 1 x 10(9) particles/cm(2). C1 Acad Sinica, Inst Appl Sci & Engn Res, Sect 2, Taipei 115, Taiwan. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Chem Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Chen, PL (reprint author), Acad Sinica, Inst Appl Sci & Engn Res, Sect 2, 128,Acad Rd, Taipei 115, Taiwan. RI Chen, Peilin/E-2728-2010 OI Chen, Peilin/0000-0003-4154-0487 NR 32 TC 66 Z9 66 U1 1 U2 23 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD SEP 18 PY 2003 VL 107 IS 37 BP 9950 EP 9953 DI 10.1021/jp035468d PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 721YE UT WOS:000185345400004 ER PT J AU Jeong, B Windisch, CF Park, MJ Sohn, YS Gutowska, A Char, K AF Jeong, B Windisch, CF Park, MJ Sohn, YS Gutowska, A Char, K TI Phase transition of the PLGA-g-PEG copolymer aqueous solutions SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID POLY(ETHYLENE GLYCOL); ASSOCIATION PROPERTIES; TRIBLOCK COPOLYMERS; POLYMERS; HYDROGELS; BEHAVIOR; MOVEMENT; GELATION; GELS AB The aqueous solution of poly(lactic acid-co-glycolic acid)-g-poly(ethylene glycol) becomes a gel as the temperature increases. The sol-to-gel transition temperature can be controlled from 15 to 45 degreesC by varying the number of poly(ethylene glycol) grafts and the composition of the polymer. In addition, hysteresis between heating and cooling cycles could be controlled by adding poly(ethylene glycol) with different molecular weights as an additive. To prove the hypothesis of micellar aggregation for the sol-to-gel transition and the change in hydration status for the gel-to-sol transition, several experiments were performed. Small-angle neutron scattering and Raman spectroscopy sensitively detected the sol-to-gel transition, because it involves aggregation of the scattering particle of micelles. IR and C-13 NMR showed that little change in hydration status is involved during the sol-to-gel transition, whereas significant change in hydration status is involved in the gel-to-sol transition. The intrinsic viscosity of the PEG showed that more significant dehydration can occur when PEG is attached to the hydrophobic group. On the basis of the experiments above, PEG dehydration is the major driving force for the phase change of the PLGA-g-PEG aqueous solution. At the sol-to-gel transition temperature, partial dehydration of the PEG induces the micellar aggregation while keeping the core-shell structure. However, at the gel-to-sol transition, dehydration of the PEG is so significant that the core-shell structure is broken and macroscopic phase separation occurs. These phenomena were associated with changes in the carbonyl stretching and ether bending modes in the IR spectra. C1 Ewha Womans Univ, Dept Chem, Div Nano Sci, Seoul 120750, South Korea. Pacific NW Natl Lab, PNNL, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Seoul Natl Univ, Sch Chem Engn, Polymer Thin Films Lab, Seoul 151744, South Korea. RP Jeong, B (reprint author), Ewha Womans Univ, Dept Chem, Div Nano Sci, Daehyun Dong, Seoul 120750, South Korea. RI Park, Moon Jeong/F-5752-2013 NR 39 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 10 U2 28 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD SEP 18 PY 2003 VL 107 IS 37 BP 10032 EP 10039 DI 10.1021/jp027339n PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 721YE UT WOS:000185345400015 ER PT J AU Stevens, JA Ivison, RJ Dunlop, JS Smail, IR Percival, WJ Hughes, DH Rottgering, HJA van Breugel, WJM Reuland, M AF Stevens, JA Ivison, RJ Dunlop, JS Smail, IR Percival, WJ Hughes, DH Rottgering, HJA van Breugel, WJM Reuland, M TI The formation of cluster elliptical galaxies as revealed by extensive star formation SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID REDSHIFT RADIO GALAXIES; BLACK-HOLES; DUST; EMISSION; MERGERS; QUASARS; PROTOCLUSTER; ABSORPTION; ALIGNMENT; BULGES AB The most massive galaxies in the present-day Universe are found to lie in the centres of rich clusters. They have old, coeval stellar populations suggesting that the bulk of their stars must have formed at early epochs in spectacular starbursts(1), which should be luminous phenomena when observed at submillimetre wavelengths(2). The most popular model of galaxy formation predicts that these galaxies formin proto-clusters at high-density peaks in the early Universe(3). Such peaks are indicated by massive high-redshift radio galaxies(4). Here we report deep submillimetre mapping of seven high-redshift radio galaxies and their environments. These data confirm not only the presence of spatially extended regions of massive star-formation activity in the radio galaxies themselves, but also in companion objects previously undetected at any wavelength. The prevalence, orientation, and inferred masses of these submillimetre companion galaxies suggest that we are witnessing the synchronous formation of the most luminous elliptical galaxies found today at the centres of rich clusters of galaxies. C1 Royal Observ, Astron Technol Ctr, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland. Univ Edinburgh, Inst Astron, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland. Univ Durham, Inst Computat Cosmol, Durham DH1 3LE, England. Inst Nacl Astrofis Opt & Elect, Puebla 72000, Mexico. Leiden Observ, NL-2300 Leiden, Netherlands. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Livermore, CA 94459 USA. RP Stevens, JA (reprint author), Royal Observ, Astron Technol Ctr, Blackford Hill, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland. RI Smail, Ian/M-5161-2013; Ivison, R./G-4450-2011 OI Smail, Ian/0000-0003-3037-257X; Ivison, R./0000-0001-5118-1313 NR 30 TC 122 Z9 122 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD SEP 18 PY 2003 VL 425 IS 6955 BP 264 EP 267 DI 10.1038/nature01976 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 722JA UT WOS:000185370900036 PM 13679908 ER PT J AU van der Marel, D Molegraaf, HJA Zaanen, J Nussinov, Z Carbone, F Damascelli, A Eisaki, H Greven, M Kes, PH Li, M AF van der Marel, D Molegraaf, HJA Zaanen, J Nussinov, Z Carbone, F Damascelli, A Eisaki, H Greven, M Kes, PH Li, M TI Quantum critical behaviour in a high-T-c superconductor SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID OPTICAL CONDUCTIVITY; PSEUDOGAP STATE; ANISOTROPY; TRANSPORT; YBA2CU3O7; CRYSTALS AB Quantum criticality is associated with a system composed of a nearly infinite number of interacting quantum degrees of freedom at zero temperature, and it implies that the system looks on average the same regardless of the time- and length scale on which it is observed. Electrons on the atomic scale do not exhibit such symmetry, which can only be generated as a collective phenomenon through the interactions between a large number of electrons. In materials with strong electron correlations a quantum phase transition at zero temperature can occur, and a quantum critical state has been predicted(1,2), which manifests itself through universal power-law behaviours of the response functions. Candidates have been found both in heavy-fermion systems(3) and in the high-transition temperature (high-Tc) copper oxide superconductors(4), but the reality and the physical nature of such a phase transition are still debated(5-7). Here we report a universal behaviour that is characteristic of the quantum critical region. We demonstrate that the experimentally measured phase angle agrees precisely with the exponent of the optical conductivity. This points towards a quantum phase transition of an unconventional kind in the high-Tc superconductors. C1 Univ Groningen, Ctr Mat Sci, NL-9747 AG Groningen, Netherlands. Leiden Univ, Leiden Inst Phys, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. Stanford Univ, Dept Appl Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP van der Marel, D (reprint author), Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Mat Condensee, 24 Quai E Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. EM dirk.vandermarel@physics.unige.ch RI Carbone, Fabrizio/A-2969-2012; damascelli, andrea/P-6329-2014; van der Marel, Dirk/G-4618-2012 OI damascelli, andrea/0000-0001-9895-2226; van der Marel, Dirk/0000-0001-5266-9847 NR 25 TC 172 Z9 173 U1 7 U2 35 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD SEP 18 PY 2003 VL 425 IS 6955 BP 271 EP 274 DI 10.1038/nature01978 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 722JA UT WOS:000185370900038 PM 13679910 ER PT J AU Zachos, C AF Zachos, C TI Membranes and consistent quantization of Nambu dynamics SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID POISSON STRUCTURES; LIE-ALGEBRAS; MECHANICS; SYSTEMS AB The dynamics of even topological open membranes relies on Nambu brackets. Consequently, such 2p-branes can be quantized through the consistent quantization of the underlying Nambu dynamical structures. This is a summary construction relying on the methods detailed in Refs. [New J. Phys. 4 (2002) 83.1; Phys. Rev. D 68 (2003)]. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Zachos, C (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI zachos, cosmas/C-4366-2014 OI zachos, cosmas/0000-0003-4379-3875 NR 23 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD SEP 18 PY 2003 VL 570 IS 1-2 BP 82 EP 88 DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2003.07.027 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 720XT UT WOS:000185288500012 ER PT J AU Eliassi, M Glass, RJ AF Eliassi, M Glass, RJ TI Reply to comment on "On the continuum-scale modeling of gravity-driven fingers in unsaturated porous media: The inadequacy of the Richards equation with standard monotonic constitutive relations and hysteretic equations of state'' by Mehdi Eliassi and Robert J. Glass SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Editorial Material DE capillary hysteresis; extended Darcy flux relations; gravity-driven fingers; Richards equation; truncation error-induced numerical oscillations; wetting front instabilities ID NONWETTING PHASE INVASION; WATER REPELLENT SOIL; HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY; UNSTABLE FLOW; SANDY SOILS; PERSISTENCE; SIMULATION; VISUALIZATION C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Flow Visualizat & Proc Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87158 USA. RP Eliassi, M (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Flow Visualizat & Proc Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87158 USA. NR 29 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD SEP 18 PY 2003 VL 39 IS 9 AR 1264 DI 10.1029/2003WR002053 PG 4 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 724GQ UT WOS:000185480200007 ER PT J AU Kreutz, KJ Wake, CP Aizen, VB Cecil, LD Synal, HA AF Kreutz, KJ Wake, CP Aizen, VB Cecil, LD Synal, HA TI Seasonal deuterium excess in a Tien Shan ice core: Influence of moisture transport and recycling in Central Asia SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ISOTOPIC COMPOSITION; PRECIPITATION; MODEL; MOUNTAINS AB Stable water isotope (delta(18)O, deltaD) data from a high elevation (5100 masl) ice core recovered from the Tien Shan Mountains, Kyrgyzstan, display a seasonal cycle in deuterium excess (d = deltaD - 8* delta(18)O) related to changes in the regional hydrologic cycle during 1994 - 2000. While there is a strong correlation (r(2) = 0.98) between delta(18)O and dD in the ice core samples, the regression slope (6.9) and mean d value (23.0) are significantly different than the global meteoric water line values. The resulting time-series ice core d profile contains distinct winter maxima and summer minima, with a yearly d amplitude of similar to 15 - 20parts per thousand. Local-scale processes that may affect d values preserved in the ice core are not consistent with the observed seasonal variability. Data from Central Asian monitoring sites in the Global Network of Isotopes in Precipitation (GNIP) have similar seasonal d changes. We suggest that regional-scale hydrological conditions, including seasonal changes in moisture source, transport, and recycling in the Caspian/ Aral Sea region, are responsible for the observed spatial and temporal d variability. C1 Univ Maine, Climate Change Inst, Orono, ME 04469 USA. Univ Maine, Dept Earth Sci, Orono, ME 04469 USA. Univ New Hampshire, Inst Study Earth Oceans & Space, Climate Change Res Ctr, Durham, NH 03824 USA. Univ Idaho, Dept Geog, Moscow, ID USA. US Geol Survey, Idaho Falls, ID 83402 USA. ETH, Inst Particle Phys, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. RP Kreutz, KJ (reprint author), Univ Maine, Climate Change Inst, Orono, ME 04469 USA. RI Wake, Cameron/G-8114-2014 NR 16 TC 24 Z9 27 U1 6 U2 20 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD SEP 17 PY 2003 VL 30 IS 18 AR 1922 DI 10.1029/2003GL017896 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 754HQ UT WOS:000187310400005 ER PT J AU Davis, MI Wasinger, EC Decker, A Pau, MYM Vaillancourt, FH Bolin, JT Eltis, LD Hedman, B Hodgson, KO Solomon, EI AF Davis, MI Wasinger, EC Decker, A Pau, MYM Vaillancourt, FH Bolin, JT Eltis, LD Hedman, B Hodgson, KO Solomon, EI TI Spectroscopic and electronic structure studies of 2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl 1,2-dioxygenase: O-2 reactivity of the non-heme ferrous site in extradiol dioxygenases SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC CIRCULAR-DICHROISM; X-RAY-ABSORPTION; EFFECTIVE CORE POTENTIALS; CLEAVING CATECHOLIC DIOXYGENASE; HUMAN PHENYLALANINE-HYDROXYLASE; FE(II) ACTIVE-SITE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; PROTOCATECHUATE 4,5-DIOXYGENASE; MOLECULAR CALCULATIONS; PSEUDOMONAS-PUTIDA AB The extradiol dioxygenase, 2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl 1,2-dioxygenase (DHBD, EC 1.13.11.39), has been studied using magnetic circular dichroism (MCD), variable-temperature variable-field (VTVH) MCD, X-ray absorption (XAS) pre-edge, and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopies, which are analogous to methods used in earlier studies on the extradiol dioxygenase catechol 2,3-dioxygenase [Mabrouk et al. J. Am. Chem Soc. 1991, 113, 4053-4061]. For DHBD, the spectroscopic data can be correlated to the results of crystallography and with the results from density functional calculations to obtain detailed geometric and electronic structure descriptions of the resting and substrate (DHB) bound forms of the enzyme. The geometry of the active site of the resting enzyme, square pyramidal with a strong Fe-glutamate bond in the equatorial plane, localizes the redox active orbital in an orientation appropriate for O-2 binding. However, the O-2 reaction is not favorable, as it would produce a ferric superoxide intermediate with a weak Fe-O bond. Substrate binding leads to a new square pyramidal structure with the strong Fe-glutamate bond in the axial direction as indicated by a decrease in the E-5(g) and increase in the T-5(2g) splitting. Electronic structure calculations provide insight into the relative lack of dioxygen reactivity for the resting enzyme and its activation upon substrate binding. C1 Stanford Univ, Dept Chem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Univ British Columbia, Dept Microbiol, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada. Univ British Columbia, Dept Biochem, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada. Univ Laval, Dept Biochem, St Foy, PQ G1K 7P4, Canada. Purdue Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Markey Ctr Struct Biol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Solomon, EI (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Chem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RI Eltis, Lindsay/J-8272-2015 OI Eltis, Lindsay/0000-0002-6774-8158 FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR1209]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM40392, GM52381] NR 69 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 17 PY 2003 VL 125 IS 37 BP 11214 EP 11227 DI 10.1021/ja029746i PG 14 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 721WQ UT WOS:000185341800039 PM 16220940 ER PT J AU George, SD Basumallick, L Szilagyi, RK Randall, DW Hill, MG Nersissian, AM Valentine, JS Hedman, B Hodgson, KO Solomon, EI AF George, SD Basumallick, L Szilagyi, RK Randall, DW Hill, MG Nersissian, AM Valentine, JS Hedman, B Hodgson, KO Solomon, EI TI Spectroscopic investigation of stellacyanin mutants: Axial ligand interactions at the blue copper site SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-ABSORPTION; MAGNETIC CIRCULAR-DICHROISM; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE CONTRIBUTIONS; RESONANCE RAMAN INTENSITIES; CHARGE-TRANSFER DYNAMICS; ANGSTROM RESOLUTION; FINE-STRUCTURE; ACTIVE-SITE; K-EDGE; PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA AB Detailed electronic and geometric structural descriptions of the blue copper sites in wild-type (WT) stellacyanin and its Q99M and Q99L axial mutants have been obtained using a combination of XAS, resonance Raman, MCD, EPR, and DFT calculations. The results show that the origin of the short Cu-S(Cys) bond in blue copper proteins is the weakened axial interaction, which leads to a shorter (based on EXAFS results) and more covalent (based on S K-edge XAS) Cu-S bond. XAS pre-edge energies show that the effective nuclear charge on the copper increases going from O(Gln) to S(Met) to no axial (Leu) ligand, indicating that the weakened axial ligand is not fully compensated for by the increased donation from the thiolate. This is further supported by EPR results. MCD data show that the decreased axial interaction leads to an increase in the equatorial ligand field, indicating that the site acquires a more trigonally distorted tetrahedral structure. These geometric and electronic structural changes, which result from weakening the bonding interaction of the axial ligand, allow the site to maintain efficient electron transfer (high H-DA and low reorganization energy), while modulating the redox potential of the site to the biologically relevant range. These spectroscopic studies are complemented by DFT calculations to obtain insight into the factors that allow stellacyanin to maintain a trigonally distorted tetrahedral structure with a relatively strong axial Cu(II)-oxygen bond. C1 Stanford Univ, Dept Chem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, SLAC, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Occidental Coll, Dept Chem, Los Angeles, CA 90041 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Chem & Biochem, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP Hedman, B (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Chem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RI Valentine, Joan/B-6665-2008; DeBeer, Serena/G-6718-2012; Szilagyi, Robert/G-9268-2012 OI Valentine, Joan/0000-0002-7174-925X; Szilagyi, Robert/0000-0002-9314-6222 NR 90 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 1 U2 19 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 17 PY 2003 VL 125 IS 37 BP 11314 EP 11328 DI 10.1021/ja035802j PG 15 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 721WQ UT WOS:000185341800053 ER PT J AU Eliassi, M Glass, RJ AF Eliassi, M Glass, RJ TI Reply to comment by R. D. Braddock and J. Norbury on "On the continuum-scale modeling of gravity-driven fingers in unsaturated porous media: The inadequacy of the Richards equation with standard monotonic constitutive relations and hysteretic equations of state'' SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Editorial Material DE numerical oscillations; truncation error; gravity-driven fingers; capillary hysteresis; wetting front instability ID WATER REPELLENT SOIL; HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY; UNSTABLE FLOW; PERSISTENCE; SIMULATION; TRANSPORT C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Flow Visualizat & Proc Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87158 USA. RP Sandia Natl Labs, Flow Visualizat & Proc Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87158 USA. EM meliass@sandia.gov; rjglass@sandia.gov NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 EI 1944-7973 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD SEP 17 PY 2003 VL 39 IS 9 AR 1250 DI 10.1029/2002WR001753 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 754JL UT WOS:000187312600005 ER PT J AU Kline, RJ McGehee, MD Kadnikova, EN Liu, JS Frechet, JMJ AF Kline, RJ McGehee, MD Kadnikova, EN Liu, JS Frechet, JMJ TI Controlling the field-effect mobility of regioregular polythiophene by changing the molecular weight SO ADVANCED MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID THIN-FILM TRANSISTORS; CONJUGATED POLYMERS; SOLAR-CELLS; POLY(3-HEXYLTHIOPHENE); CHEMISTRY AB A clear dependence of the hole mobility on molecular weight of poly(3-hexylthiophene) in films is demonstrated. The charge carrier mobility of regioregular polythiophene is shown to increase by four orders of magnitude as the molecular weight is increased from similar to3 200 g mol(-1) to 36 000 g mol-1. These observations could explain why the mobility values obtained in different labs vary so widely and suggest that optimizing the molecular weight of conjugated polymers could lead to significant improvements in device performance. C1 Stanford Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP McGehee, MD (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RI Kline, Regis/B-8557-2008; OI Frechet, Jean /0000-0001-6419-0163 NR 29 TC 653 Z9 655 U1 8 U2 140 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0935-9648 J9 ADV MATER JI Adv. Mater. PD SEP 16 PY 2003 VL 15 IS 18 BP 1519 EP + DI 10.1002/adma.200305275 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 722VV UT WOS:000185399500003 ER PT J AU Heller, WT Krueger, JK Trewhella, J AF Heller, WT Krueger, JK Trewhella, J TI Further insights into calmodulin-myosin light chain kinase interaction from solution scattering and shape restoration SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SMALL-ANGLE SCATTERING; DEPENDENT PROTEIN-KINASE; RAY SOLUTION SCATTERING; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION; QUANTITATIVE-ANALYSIS; ACTIVATION MECHANISM; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; GENETIC ALGORITHM; CATALYTIC SUBUNIT AB We have gained new insight into the interactions between the second-messenger protein calmodulin (CaM) and myosin light chain kinase from skeletal muscle (skMLCK) using small-angle solution scattering and shape restoration. Specifically, we explored the nature of a 2Ca(2+)-CaM-skMLCK complex and compared it to a 4Ca(2+)-CaM-skMLCK complex under the same conditions. The 2Ca(2+) complex has been proposed to be physiologically relevant. To aid in the interpretation of the data, we developed a shape restoration approach, implemented in GA_STRUCT, that combines many of the best features of other available methods into a single, automated package. Importantly, GA_STRUCT explicitly addresses the problem of the existence of multiple solutions to the inverse scattering problem and produces a consensus envelope from a set of shapes that fit the input intensity. Small-angle scattering intensity profiles measured or calculated from known structures were used to test GA_STRUCT, which was then used to generate low-resolution models for three complexes: 2Ca(2+)-CaM-skMLCK, 4Ca(2+)-CaM-skMLCK, and 4Ca(2+)-CaM-skMLCK with a bound substrate. These models were used in conjunction with high-resolution structures of the protein components to better understand the interactions among them. In the case of the 2Ca(2+)-CaM-skMLCK complex, the consensus envelope is consistent with CaM in a fully collapsed state with its two globular lobes in close contact with each other while the catalytic cleft of the kinase is open. The consensus envelope for the 4Ca(2+)-CaM-skMLCK complex indicates that the collapsed CaM has swung further away from the open catalytic cleft of the skMLCK than in the 2Ca(2+) complex, and further that substrate binding to this complex results in closure of the kinase catalytic cleft, in agreement with previous neutron scattering results. These results indicate that activation of MLCK by CaM can only occur once CaM is fully translocated away from the catalytic cleft, which is presumably linked to full release of the pseudo-substrate/inhibitory sequence. Our scattering data indicate that this step is completed only when all four calcium binding sites are loaded. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ N Carolina, Dept Chem, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, MS M-888, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM jtrewhella@lanl.gov RI Krueger, Joanna/A-3110-2011; OI Trewhella, Jill/0000-0002-8555-6766 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM40528] NR 52 TC 40 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD SEP 16 PY 2003 VL 42 IS 36 BP 10579 EP 10588 DI 10.1021/bi0348664 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 720LQ UT WOS:000185262600005 PM 12962481 ER PT J AU Li, JH Bigelow, DJ Squier, TC AF Li, JH Bigelow, DJ Squier, TC TI Phosphorylation by cAMP-dependent protein kinase modulates the structural coupling between the transmembrane and cytosolic domains of phospholamban SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CARDIAC SARCOPLASMIC-RETICULUM; FLUORESCENCE ENERGY-TRANSFER; BETA-ADRENERGIC STIMULATION; DISTANCE DISTRIBUTIONS; TERMINAL FRAGMENT; ATPASE ACTIVITY; CALCIUM-PUMP; CA2+ ATPASE; MEMBRANES; ORIENTATION AB We have used frequency-domain fluorescence spectroscopy to investigate the structural linkage between the transmembrane and cytosolic domains of the regulatory protein phospholamban (PLB). Using an engineered PLB having a single cysteine (Cys(24)) derivatized with the fluorophore N-(1-pyrenyl)maleimide (PMal), we have. used fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) to measure the average spatial separation and conformational heterogeneity between PMal bound to Cys(24) in the transmembrane domain and Tyr(6) in the cytosolic domain near the amino terminus of PLB. In these measurements, PMal serves as a FRET donor, and Tyr(6) serves as a FRET acceptor following its nitration by tetranitromethane. The native structure of PLB is retained following site-directed mutagenesis and chemical modification, as indicated by the ability of the derivatized PLB to fully regulate the Ca-ATPase following their co-reconstitution. To assess how phosphorylation modulates the structure of PLB itself, FRET measurements were made following reconstitution of PLB in membrane vesicles made from extracted sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane lipids. We find that the cytosolic domain of PLB assumes a wide range of conformations relative to the transmembrane sequence, consistent with other structural data indicating the presence of a flexible hinge region between the transmembrane and cytosolic domains of PLB. Phosphorylation of Ser(16) by PKA results in a 3 Angstrom decrease in the spatial separation between Mal at Cys(24) and nitroTyr(6) and an almost 2-fold decrease in conformational heterogeneity, suggesting a stabilization of the hinge region of PLB possibly through an electrostatic linkage between phosphoSer(16) and Arg(13) that promotes a coil-to-helix transition. This structural transition has the potential to function as a conformational switch, since inhibition of the Ca-ATPase requires disruption of the secondary structure of PLB in the vicinity of the hinge element to permit association with the nucleotide binding domain at a site located approximately 50 Angstrom above the membrane surface. Following phosphorylation, the stabilization of the helical content in the hinge domain will disrupt this inhibitory interaction by reducing the maximal dimension of the cytosolic domain of PLB. Thus, stabilization of the structure of PLB following phosphorylation of Ser(16) is part of a switching mechanism, which functions to alter binding interactions between PLB and the-nucleotide binding domain of the Ca-ATPase that modulates enzyme inhibition. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Dept Biol Sci, Cell Biol Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Washington State Univ, Sch Mol Biosci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Pacific NW Natl Lab, Dept Biol Sci, Cell Biol Grp, POB 999,Mail Stop P7-53, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM thomas.squier@pnl.gov FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL64031] NR 68 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD SEP 16 PY 2003 VL 42 IS 36 BP 10674 EP 10682 DI 10.1021/bi034708c PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 720LQ UT WOS:000185262600016 PM 12962492 ER PT J AU Pinnaduwage, LA Hawk, JE Boiadjiev, V Yi, D Thundat, T AF Pinnaduwage, LA Hawk, JE Boiadjiev, V Yi, D Thundat, T TI Use of microcantilevers for the monitoring of molecular binding to self-assembled monolayers SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID FORCE MICROSCOPY; GOLD AB We measured the adsorption of water vapor and trinitrotoluene (TNT) on a silicon cantilever that was coated with a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) of 4-mercaptobenzoic acid on one surface. Even though hydrogen bonding is responsible for adsorption in both cases, the adsorption characteristics were quite different for the two species. In the case of water vapor, the mass loading and bending both increased with relative humidity in a linear fashion. For TNT in the dry nitrogen carrier, the mass loading and bending initially increased rapidly and then leveled off around one monolayer of coverage irrespective of the TNT concentration. This study shows that microcantilevers provide a convenient and versatile platform for the monitoring of molecular binding to SAMs. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys, Knoxville, TN 37932 USA. RP Pinnaduwage, LA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 13 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD SEP 16 PY 2003 VL 19 IS 19 BP 7841 EP 7844 DI 10.1021/la034969n PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 720ZX UT WOS:000185293500025 ER PT J AU Pautot, S Frisken, BJ Weitz, DA AF Pautot, S Frisken, BJ Weitz, DA TI Engineering asymmetric vesicles SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID MEMBRANES; CURVATURE; LIPOSOMES; COPOLYMERS; MONOLAYERS; ELASTICITY; BILAYERS; SURFACE; ASSAY AB Vesicles are bilayers of lipid molecules enclosing a fixed volume of aqueous solution. Ubiquitous in cells, they can be produced in vitro to study the physical properties of biological membranes and for use in drug delivery and cosmetics. Biological membranes are, in fact, a fluid mosaic of lipids and other molecules; the richness of their chemical and mechanical properties in vivo is often dictated by an asymmetric distribution of these molecules. Techniques for vesicle preparation have been based on the spontaneous assembly of lipid bilayers, precluding the formation of such asymmetric structures. Partial asymmetry has been achieved only with chemical methods greatly restricting the study of the physical and chemical properties of asymmetric vesicles and their use in potential applications for drug delivery. Here we describe the systematic engineering of unilamellar vesicles assembled with two independently prepared monolayers; this process produces asymmetries as high as 95%. We demonstrate the versatility of our method by investigating the stability of the asymmetry. We also use it to engineer hybrid structures comprised of an inner leaflet of diblock copolymer and an independent lipid outer leaflet. C1 Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Harvard Univ, Div Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Phys, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. RP Weitz, DA (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RI Frisken, Barbara/D-5928-2013 NR 24 TC 192 Z9 194 U1 4 U2 64 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD SEP 16 PY 2003 VL 100 IS 19 BP 10718 EP 10721 DI 10.1073/pnas.1931005100 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 723CR UT WOS:000185415300028 PM 12963816 ER PT J AU Park, CC Henshall-Powell, RL Erickson, AC Talhouk, R Parvin, B Bissell, MJ Barcellos-Hoff, MH AF Park, CC Henshall-Powell, RL Erickson, AC Talhouk, R Parvin, B Bissell, MJ Barcellos-Hoff, MH TI Ionizing radiation induces heritable disruption of epithelial cell interactions SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA; JUNCTIONAL INTERCELLULAR COMMUNICATION; CARCINOMA IN-SITU; E-CADHERIN; BASEMENT-MEMBRANE; BREAST-CANCER; TGF-BETA; MAMMARY-GLAND; CHROMOSOMAL INSTABILITY; SIGNALING PATHWAYS AB Ionizing radiation (IR) is a known human breast carcinogen. Although the mutagenic capacity of IR is widely acknowledged as the basis for its action as a carcinogen, we and others have shown that IR can also induce growth factors and extracellular matrix remodeling. As a consequence, we have proposed that an additional factor contributing to IR carcinogenesis is the potential disruption of critical constraints that are imposed by normal cell interactions. To test this hypothesis, we asked whether IR affected the ability of nonmalignant human mammary epithelial cells (HMEC) to undergo tissue-specific morphogenesis in culture by using confocal microscopy and imaging bioinformatics. We found that irradiated single HMEC gave rise to colonies exhibiting decreased localization of E-cadherin, beta-catenin, and connexin-43, proteins necessary for the establishment of polarity and communication. Severely compromised acinar organization was manifested by the majority of irradiated HMEC progeny as quantified by image analysis. Disrupted cell-cell communication, aberrant cell-extracellular matrix interactions, and loss of tissue-specific architecture observed in the daughters of irradiated HMEC are characteristic of neoplastic progression. These data point to a heritable, nonmutational mechanism whereby IR compromises cell polarity and multicellular organization. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Comp Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Amer Univ Beirut, Dept Biol, Beirut, Lebanon. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Radiat Oncol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Barcellos-Hoff, MH (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 57 TC 46 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD SEP 16 PY 2003 VL 100 IS 19 BP 10728 EP 10733 DI 10.1073/pnas.1832185100 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 723CR UT WOS:000185415300030 PM 12960393 ER PT J AU Krauss, SW Chen, C Penman, S Heald, R AF Krauss, SW Chen, C Penman, S Heald, R TI Nuclear actin and protein 4.1: Essential interactions during nuclear assembly in vitro SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID MESSENGER-RNA; MATRIX PREPARATIONS; LATRUNCULIN-B; L5178Y CELLS; BINDING; LOCALIZATION; ASSOCIATION; DOMAINS; MOUSE; INTERPHASE AB Structural protein 4.1, which has crucial interactions within the spectrin-actin lattice of the human red cell membrane skeleton, also is widely distributed at diverse intracellular sites in nucleated cells. We previously showed that 4.1 is essential for assembly of functional nuclei in vitro and that the capacity of 4.1 to bind actin is required. Here we report that 4.1 and actin colocalize in mammalian cell nuclei using fluorescence microscopy and, by higher-resolution detergent-extracted cell whole-mount electron microscopy, are associated on nuclear filaments. We also devised a cell-free assay using Xenopus egg extract containing fluorescent actin to follow actin during nuclear assembly. By directly imaging actin under nonperturbing conditions, the total nuclear actin population is retained and visualized in situ relative to intact chromatin. We detected actin initially when chromatin and nuclear pores began assembling. As nuclear lamina assembled, but preceding DNA synthesis, actin distributed in a reticulated pattern throughout the nucleus. Protein 4.1 epitopes also were detected when actin began to accumulate in nuclei, producing a diffuse coincident pattern. As nuclei matured, actin was detected both coincident with and also independent of 4.1 epitopes. To test whether acquisition of nuclear actin is required for nuclear assembly, the actin inhibitor latrunculin A was added to Xenopus egg extracts during nuclear assembly. Latrunculin A strongly perturbed nuclear assembly and produced distorted nuclear structures containing neither actin nor protein 4.1. Our results suggest that actin as well as 4.1 is necessary for nuclear assembly and that 4.1-actin interactions may be critical. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Subcellular Struct, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. MIT, Dept Biol, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Krauss, SW (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Subcellular Struct, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 74-157, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. OI Heald, Rebecca/0000-0001-6671-6528 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [R01 DK059079, DK59079]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM57839, R01 GM057839] NR 44 TC 68 Z9 73 U1 0 U2 4 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD SEP 16 PY 2003 VL 100 IS 19 BP 10752 EP 10757 DI 10.1073/pnas.1934680100 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 723CR UT WOS:000185415300034 PM 12960380 ER PT J AU Marquis, EA Seidman, DN Dunand, DC AF Marquis, EA Seidman, DN Dunand, DC TI Effect of Mg addition on the creep and yield behavior of an Al-Sc alloy SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE transmission electron microscopy; aluminum alloys; coarsening; creep; Al3Sc precipitates ID SOLID-SOLUTION ALLOYS; DISLOCATION CLIMB; VISCOUS GLIDE; DEFORMATION; STRESS; DEPENDENCE; PARTICLES; FRACTURE AB The relationships between microstructure and strength were studied at room temperature and 300 degreesC in an Al-2 wt% Mg-0.2 wt% Sc alloy, containing Mg in solid-solution and Al3Sc (L1(2) structure) as nanosize precipitates. At room temperature, the yield strength is controlled by the superposition of solid-solution and precipitation strengthening. At 300 degreesC and at large applied stresses, the creep strength, which is characterized by a stress exponent of similar to5, is significantly improved compared to binary Al-Sc alloys, and is independent of the size of the Al3Sc precipitates. At small applied stress, a threshold stress exists, increasing from 9% to 70% of the Orowan stress with increasing Al3Sc precipitate radius from 2 to 25 nm. An existing model based on a climb-controlled bypass mechanism is in semi-quantitative agreement with the precipitate radius dependence of the threshold stress. The model is, however, only valid for coherent precipitates, and the Al3Sc precipitates lose coherency for radii larger than 11 nm. For semi-coherent precipitates with radii greater than 15 nm, the threshold stress remains high, most likely because of the presence of interfacial misfit dislocations. (C) 2003 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RP Marquis, EA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Thin Film & Interface Dept, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Seidman, David/B-6697-2009; Dunand, David/B-7515-2009; LAI, JING/F-6526-2010; Marquis, Emmanuelle/O-5647-2014; OI Marquis, Emmanuelle/0000-0002-6476-2835; Dunand, David/0000-0001-5476-7379 NR 31 TC 70 Z9 71 U1 0 U2 33 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 51 IS 16 BP 4751 EP 4760 DI 10.1016/S1359-6454(03)00288-X PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 723MD UT WOS:000185435400007 ER PT J AU Cummings, EB Singh, AK AF Cummings, EB Singh, AK TI Dielectrophoresis in microchips containing arrays of insulating posts: Theoretical and experimental results SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID HIGH-SPEED; SEPARATION; CELLS; ELECTROPHORESIS; PARTICLES; DNA; FLOW; MANIPULATION; FIELDS; BLOOD AB Dielectrophoresis (DEP), a nonlinear electrokinetic transport mechanism, can be used to concentrate and sort cells, viruses, and particles. To date, microfabricated DEP-based devices have typically used embedded metal electrodes to apply spatially nonuniform, time-varying (AC) electric fields. We have developed an alternative method in which arrays of insulating posts in a channel of a microchip produce the spatially nonuniform fields needed for DEP. Electrodes may be located remotely, allowing operation of the device down to zero frequency (DC) without excessive problems of electrolysis. Applying a sufficiently large electric field across an insulating-post array produces two flow regimes through a competition between electrokinetic flow (combined electrophoresis and electroosmosis) and dielectrophoresis. "Streaming DEP" is observed when DEP dominates diffusion but is overcome by electrokinetic flow. Particles concentrated by DEP forces in areas of electric field extrema travel electrokinetically down the array in flowing streams. In an array of posts, dielectrophoretic forcing within repeated rows adds coherently to produce flowing streams of highly concentrated and rarefied particles. We demonstrate that this reinforcement is a strong function of alignment of the array with respect to the applied electric field and that the particle concentrations can be "enhanced" or "depleted" along columns of posts, enabling a novel class of continuous-flow, selective particle filter/concentrator devices. To our knowledge, this is the first observation of streaming dielectrophoresis. The second regime is "trapping DEP," in which DEP forces dominate over both diffusion and electrokinetic flow, reversibly immobilizing particles on the insulating posts, enabling inexpensive and embedded batch filter/concentrator devices. Devices can be biased electrically to manipulate particles selectively by varying the field strength to vary the relative magnitudes of electrokinetic flow and DEP. Post shapes are contoured easily to control electric field gradients and, hence, DEP behavior. Simple simulations based on similitude of fluid flow and electric field that solve the Laplace equation to obtain fluid velocity have also been developed to predict the dielectrophoretic behavior in an array of posts. These simulations are in excellent agreement with the experimental observations and provide insight into electrokinetic behavior to enable design of dielectrophoretic concentrators and sorters. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Chem & Radiat Detect Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Cummings, EB (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Chem & Radiat Detect Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RI Sano, Michael/E-1715-2011 NR 32 TC 238 Z9 242 U1 7 U2 64 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 75 IS 18 BP 4724 EP 4731 DI 10.1021/ac0340612 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 723NW UT WOS:000185439300003 PM 14674447 ER PT J AU Fiechtner, GJ Cummings, EB AF Fiechtner, GJ Cummings, EB TI Faceted design of channels for low-dispersion electrokinetic flows in microfluidic systems SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID MICROCHIP ELECTROPHORESIS; SEPARATION DEVICES; WAVE-GUIDES; GEOMETRY; TURNS; CHIPS; PERFORMANCE AB A novel methodology for designing microfluidic channels for low-dispersion, electrokinetic flows is presented. The technique relies on trigonometric relations that apply for ideal electrokinetic flows, allowing faceted channels to be designed using common drafting software and a hand calculator. Flows are rotated and stretched along the abrupt interface between adjacent regions having differing specific permeability-a quantity with dimensions of length that we introduce to derive the governing equations. Two-interface systems are used to eliminate hydrodynamic rotation of bands injected into channels. Regions bounded by interfaces form faceted flow "prisms" with uniform velocity fields that can be combined with other prisms to obtain a wide range of turning angles and expansion ratios. Lengths of faceted prisms can be varied arbitrarily, simplifying chip layout and allowing the ability to reduce unwanted effects such as transverse diffusion and Joule heating for a given faceted prism. Designs are demonstrated using two-dimensional numerical solutions of the Laplace equation. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Cummings, EB (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 969,MS 9951, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 30 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 75 IS 18 BP 4747 EP 4755 DI 10.1021/ac0207776 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 723NW UT WOS:000185439300006 PM 14674450 ER PT J AU Gerion, D Chen, FQ Kannan, B Fu, AH Parak, WJ Chen, DJ Majumdar, A Alivisatos, AP AF Gerion, D Chen, FQ Kannan, B Fu, AH Parak, WJ Chen, DJ Majumdar, A Alivisatos, AP TI Room-temperature single-nucleotide polymorphism and multiallele DNA detection using fluorescent nanocrystals and microarrays SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SEMICONDUCTOR QUANTUM DOTS; NANOPARTICLE PROBES; BACILLUS-ANTHRACIS; IN-VIVO; P53; GENOME; DISEASE; GENE AB We report two cDNA microarray-based applications of DNA-nanocrystal conjugates, single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and multiallele detections, using a commercial scanner and two sets of nanocrystals with orthogonal emissions. We focus on SNP mutation detection in the human p53 tumor suppressor gene, which has been found to be mutated in more than 50% of the known human cancers. DNA-nanocrystal conjugates are able to detect both SNP and single-base deletion at room temperature within minutes, with true-to-false signal ratios above 10. We also demonstrate microarray-based multiallele detection, using hybridization of multicolor nanocrystals conjugated to two sequences specific for the hepatitis B and hepatitis C virus, two common viral pathogens that inflict more than 10% of the population in the developing countries worldwide. The simultaneous detection of multiple genetic markers with microarrays and DNA-nanocrystal conjugates has no precedent and suggests the possibility of detecting an even greater number of bacterial or viral pathogens simultaneously. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Gerion, D (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808,L-415, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM gerion1@llnl.gov; f_chen@lbl.gov RI Parak, Wolfgang J./M-3998-2014; Alivisatos , Paul /N-8863-2015 OI Parak, Wolfgang J./0000-0003-1672-6650; Alivisatos , Paul /0000-0001-6895-9048 FU NCI NIH HHS [1R21CA95393-01] NR 38 TC 248 Z9 253 U1 6 U2 73 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 75 IS 18 BP 4766 EP 4772 DI 10.1021/ac034482j PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 723NW UT WOS:000185439300008 PM 14674452 ER PT J AU Zhang, YF Ji, HF Brown, GM Thundat, T AF Zhang, YF Ji, HF Brown, GM Thundat, T TI Detection of CrO42- using a hydrogel swelling microcantilever sensor SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID MICROMECHANICAL CANTILEVER; POLYMER GELS; ARRAY; RESONANCE; COLLAPSE AB Hydrogels containing various mounts of tetraalkylammonium salts were used to modify microcantilevers for measurements of the concentration of CrO42- in aqueous solutions. These microcantilevers undergo bending deflection upon exposure to solutions containing various CrO42- concentrations as a result of swelling or shrinking of the hydrogels. The microcantilever deflection as a function of the concentration of CrO42- ions is nearly linear in most concentration ranges. It was found that a concentration of 10(-11) M CrO42- can be detected using this technology in a fluid cell. Other ions, such as Br-, NPO42-, and NO3-, have minimal effect on the deflection of this cantilever. The anions SO42- and CO32- could interfere with the CrO42- detection, but only at high concentrations (> 10(-5) M). Such hydrogel-coated microcantilevers could potentially be used to prepare microcantilever-based chemical and biological sensors when molecular recognition agents are immobilized in the hydrogel. C1 Louisiana Tech Univ, Dept Chem, Ruston, LA 71272 USA. Louisiana Tech Univ, Inst Micromfg, Ruston, LA 71272 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Ji, HF (reprint author), Louisiana Tech Univ, Dept Chem, Ruston, LA 71272 USA. NR 36 TC 76 Z9 79 U1 3 U2 15 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 75 IS 18 BP 4773 EP 4777 DI 10.1021/ac0343026 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 723NW UT WOS:000185439300009 PM 14674453 ER PT J AU Liang, CD Dai, S Guiochon, G AF Liang, CD Dai, S Guiochon, G TI A graphitized-carbon monolithic column SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; OPEN-PORE POLYURETHANE; PHASE-SEPARATION; POROUS CARBON; PROFILES; SUPPORTS; SYSTEMS; BLACK AB The preparation of a novel carbon monolithic column for high performance liquid chromatography is described. A phenolic resin rod with embedded 10-mum silica beads was prepared by acid-catalyzed polymerization of a resorcinol/iron(III) complex and formaldehyde. This rod was carbonized and graphitized under inert atmosphere with a programmed temperature cycle from room temperature to 1250 degreesC. Subsequently, the silica beads along with iron catalysts were removed, leaving a porous carbon rod. Imaging of this monolithic rod by scanning and transmission electron microscopies revealed a highly interconnected bimodal porous structure. The porosity and pore size distribution of the mesopores were characterized by N-2 absorption/desorption. Graphene sheets were found in the TEM images of the carbon rod, and the graphite index was characterized by Raman spectrum and X-ray diffraction. A monolithic column prepared with the aforementioned carbon rod was evaluated using a mixture of alkylbenzenes. It exhibited an excellent separation power and a low hydraulic resistance. The bundle-of-capillaries model was used to characterize the hydrodynamics of this monolith. Its permeability was found to agree well with the theoretical one. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Dai, S (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RI Liang, Chengdu/G-5685-2013; Dai, Sheng/K-8411-2015 OI Dai, Sheng/0000-0002-8046-3931 NR 28 TC 110 Z9 111 U1 2 U2 66 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 75 IS 18 BP 4904 EP 4912 DI 10.1021/ac030146r PG 9 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 723NW UT WOS:000185439300026 PM 14674470 ER PT J AU Williams, BS Kumar, S Callebaut, H Hu, Q Reno, JL AF Williams, BS Kumar, S Callebaut, H Hu, Q Reno, JL TI Terahertz quantum-cascade laser at lambda approximate to 100 mu m using metal waveguide for mode confinement SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB We report lasing at similar to3.0 THz (lambdaapproximate to98-102 mum) in a quantum-cascade structure in which mode confinement is provided by a double-sided metal waveguide. The depopulation mechanism is based on resonant phonon scattering, as in our previous work. Lasing takes place in pulsed mode up to a heat-sink temperature of 77 K. The waveguide consists of metallic films placed above and below the 10-mum-thick multiple-quantum-well gain region, which gives low losses and a modal confinement factor of nearly unity. Fabrication takes place via low-temperature metallic wafer bonding and subsequent substrate removal using selective etching. This type of waveguide is expected to be increasingly advantageous at even longer wavelengths. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 MIT, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. MIT, Elect Res Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Dept 1123, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Williams, BS (reprint author), MIT, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RI Williams, Benjamin/B-4494-2013 OI Williams, Benjamin/0000-0002-6241-8336 NR 15 TC 224 Z9 229 U1 8 U2 33 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 83 IS 11 BP 2124 EP 2126 DI 10.1063/1.1611642 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 719XU UT WOS:000185231000012 ER PT J AU Howe, JA Loeppert, RH Derose, VJ Hunter, DB Bertsch, PM AF Howe, JA Loeppert, RH Derose, VJ Hunter, DB Bertsch, PM TI Localization and speciation of chromium in subterranean clover using XRF, XANES, and EPR spectroscopy SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-SPIN-RESONANCE; L-ASCORBIC-ACID; CHEMICAL SPECIATION; COMPLEXES; REDUCTION; ABSORPTION; CR(III); PLANTS; SOILS; PHYTOREMEDIATION AB Optimization of phytoremediation and assessment of potential health hazards from metals in the environment requires an understanding of absorption, localization, and transport of the target metal by plants. The objectives of this study were to localize Cr and determine the oxidation state and possible complexation mode of Cr in intact plant tissue by means of XANES, synchrotron XRF microprobe spectroscopy, and EPR spectroscopy. Subterranean clover (Trifolium brachycalycinum) was grown hydroponically with Cr(VI) (0.04-2.0 mmol L-1) and compared with plants grown without Cr and with inorganic Cr(III) and various Cr(III)-organic sources. The uptake, translocation, and form of Cr in the plant were dependent on the form and concentration of supplied Cr. Chromium was found predominately in the +3 oxidation state, regardless of the Cr source supplied to the plant, though at high Cr(VI) treatment concentrations, Cr(VI) and Cr(V)were also observed. At low Cr(VI) concentrations, the plant effectively reduced the toxic Cr(VI) to less toxic Cr(III), which was observed both as a Cr(III) hydroxide phase at the roots and as a Cr(III)-organic complex in the roots and shoots. At low Cr(VI) treatment concentrations, Cr in the leaves was observed predominately around the leaf margins, while at higher concentrations Cr was accumulated at leaf veins. C1 Texas A&M Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Dept Chem, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Adv Analyt Ctr Environm Sci, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. RP Loeppert, RH (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. NR 31 TC 49 Z9 54 U1 3 U2 15 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 37 IS 18 BP 4091 EP 4097 DI 10.1021/es0341561 PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 721QH UT WOS:000185326700011 PM 14524440 ER PT J AU Melnichenko, YB Wignall, GD Schwahn, D AF Melnichenko, YB Wignall, GD Schwahn, D TI Universal behavior of polymers in blends, solutions, and supercritical mixtures and implications for the validity of the random phase approximation SO FLUID PHASE EQUILIBRIA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th European Conference on Thermophysical Properties CY SEP 01-04, 2002 CL Imperial Coll, London, ENGLAND HO Imperial Coll DE polymer blends; liquid-liquid equilibria; critical state; small-angle neutron scattering ID ANGLE NEUTRON-SCATTERING; POLYVINYL METHYL-ETHER); POLY(METHYL METHACRYLATE); DEUTERATED POLYSTYRENE; DILUTE CONCENTRATION; CRITICAL-POINT; POLY(DIMETHYLSILOXANE); TEMPERATURE; CROSSOVER; OXIDE) AB Blending (or mixing) of macromolecules is widely used to tailor the properties of polymeric materials and small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) has provided detailed information at the molecular level on the ability of different polymer species to mix or segregate at various thermodynamic conditions. For two decades, SANS data have been analyzed via the de Gennes "random phase approximation" (RPA) [P.-G. de Gennes, Scaling Concepts in Polymer Physics, second ed., Cornell University Press, Ithaca, London, 1979], which is based on the assumption that the dimensions of polymer chains remain unchanged on mixing for all concentrations and temperatures. Here we investigate the effect of temperature and concentration on the dimensions of macromolecules in blends using SANS and high-concentration labeling methods and construct a generic phase diagram, which specifies the range of validity of the RPA. Using scaling arguments, we demonstrate a parallel between the structure-property relationships in blends and solutions of polymers in small molecule solvents and reveal the impact of the chain length of the polymeric solvent on the phase behavior of polymer blends. The results offer new insights into the universality of the thermodynamic properties and structure of macromolecules in polymeric, liquid and supercritical solvents. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Forschungszentrum Julich, D-52425 Julich, Germany. RP Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM yui@ornl.gov OI Wignall, George/0000-0002-3876-3244 NR 33 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-3812 EI 1879-0224 J9 FLUID PHASE EQUILIBR JI Fluid Phase Equilib. PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 212 IS 1-2 SI SI BP 209 EP 219 DI 10.1016/S0378-3812(03)00259-0 PG 11 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Engineering GA 723RJ UT WOS:000185445100016 ER PT J AU Chin, YH Wang, Y Dagle, RA Li, XHS AF Chin, YH Wang, Y Dagle, RA Li, XHS TI Methanol steam reforming over Pd/ZnO: Catalyst preparation and pretreatment studies SO FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 223rd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY APR 07-11, 2002 CL ORLANDO, FLORIDA SP Amer Chem Soc DE fuel cell fuel processing; methanol steam reforming; Pd/ZnO catalyst ID COPPER; DIFFERENCE; HYDROGEN AB The preparation and the pretreatment of Pd/ZnO catalysts were studied for methanol steam reforming. The presence of nitric acid in I'd nitrate precursor significantly altered the porosities and crystalline structures of the ZnO support. The dissolution of ZnO and extent of mixing between the Zn2+ and Pd2+ cations during catalyst preparation may have an impact on the PdZn alloy formation and its catalytic properties. The pretreatment of Pd/ZnO, which is critical to the PdZn alloy formation, depends not only on the reduction temperature but also on the reaction conditions under which hydrogen is formed. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Wang, Y (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, MS K8-93,902 Battelle Blvd,POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI Wang, Yong/C-2344-2013 NR 10 TC 59 Z9 62 U1 2 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-3820 J9 FUEL PROCESS TECHNOL JI Fuel Process. Technol. PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 83 IS 1-3 BP 193 EP 201 DI 10.1016/S0378-3820(03)00067-5 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Applied; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 700RN UT WOS:000184125100014 ER PT J AU Valek, BC Tamura, N Spolenak, R Caldwell, WA MacDowell, AA Celestre, RS Padmore, HA Braman, JC Batterman, BW Nix, WD Patel, JR AF Valek, BC Tamura, N Spolenak, R Caldwell, WA MacDowell, AA Celestre, RS Padmore, HA Braman, JC Batterman, BW Nix, WD Patel, JR TI Early stage of plastic deformation in thin films undergoing electromigration SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID X-RAY MICRODIFFRACTION; AL INTERCONNECTS; CU INTERCONNECTS; METAL LINES; STRESS; DAMAGE; POLYCRYSTALLINE; ORIENTATION; DIFFRACTION; CONDUCTOR AB Electromigration occurs when a high current density drives atomic motion from the cathode to the anode end of a conductor, such as a metal interconnect line in an integrated circuit. While electromigration eventually causes macroscopic damage, in the form of voids and hillocks, the earliest stage of the process when the stress in individual micron-sized grains is still building up is largely unexplored. Using synchrotron-based x-ray microdiffraction during an in-situ electromigration experiment, we have discovered an early prefailure mode of plastic deformation involving preferential dislocation generation and motion and the formation of a subgrain structure within individual grains of a passivated Al (Cu) interconnect. This behavior occurs long before macroscopic damage (hillocks and voids) is observed. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Stanford Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Max Planck Inst Met Res, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. Stanford Univ, SSRL SLAC, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Valek, BC (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RI Spolenak, Ralph/A-1655-2008; MacDowell, Alastair/K-4211-2012 NR 31 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 94 IS 6 BP 3757 EP 3761 DI 10.1063/1.1600843 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 723EN UT WOS:000185419600010 ER PT J AU Makala, RS Jagannadham, K Sales, BC AF Makala, RS Jagannadham, K Sales, BC TI Pulsed laser deposition of Bi2Te3-based thermoelectric thin films SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID TEMPERATURE AB Thin films of p-type Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3, n-type Bi2Te2.7Se0.3, and n-type (Bi2Te3)(90)(Sb2Te3)(5)(Sb2Se3)(5) (with 0.13 wt % SbI3) were deposited on substrates of mica and aluminum nitride (on silicon) using pulsed laser ablation at substrate temperatures between 300 degreesC to 500 degreesC. The films were characterized using x-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy for crystalline quality and epitaxial growth on the substrates. The surface morphology and microstructure were examined using scanning electron microscopy. X-ray mapping and energy-dispersive spectroscopy were performed to determine nonstoichiometry in the composition and homogeneity. The quality of the films, in terms of stoichiometric composition and crystal perfection, was studied as a function of growth temperature and laser fluence. The values of the Seebeck coefficient, electrical resistivity, and Hall mobility in the thin films were measured and compared with those in the bulk. Thermoelectric figure of merit of the films was evaluated from the measured parameters. Correlation of the thermoelectric properties, with the crystalline quality and stoichiometric composition of the films, showed the advantages of pulsed laser deposition of the multicomponent thermoelectric thin films. The results illustrate that laser physical vapor deposition is a suitable choice for deposition of multicomponent thermoelectric films. However, optimization of target composition, substrate temperature, and annealing of the films after deposition were found necessary to maintain the desired stoichiometry and low defect density. AlN/Si substrates provided better quality films compared to substrates of mica. Poor adhesion and cracking of the films on mica were found to be detrimental factors. Films deposited on AlN/Si substrates were found to show higher carrier mobility and higher values of Seebeck coefficient. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Makala, RS (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Box 7907, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RI Jagannadham, Kasichainula/A-2953-2008 NR 22 TC 77 Z9 78 U1 9 U2 56 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 94 IS 6 BP 3907 EP 3918 DI 10.1063/1.1600524 PG 12 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 723EN UT WOS:000185419600033 ER PT J AU Toney, MF Marinero, EE Doerner, MF Rice, PM AF Toney, MF Marinero, EE Doerner, MF Rice, PM TI High anisotropy CoPtCrB magnetic recording media SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID THIN-FILM MEDIA; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; FCC GRAINS; ALLOY; GBITS/IN(2); COERCIVITY AB We describe the synthesis, magnetism, and structure of CoPtCrB alloys with Pt concentrations from 10%-43%. The Cr concentration in the alloys was 15%-17% and the B concentration was 9%-11%. The magnetic anisotropy and coercivity increase with increasing Pt up to approximate to30%, plateau at approximate to35 000 Oe and approximate to6000 Oe, respectively, and then decrease. Transmission electron microscopy results show the media form fine isolated grains for all Pt concentrations. X-ray diffraction measurements show that with increasing Pt a face-centered-cubic (fcc) Co-alloy phase is progressively formed at the expense of the hexagonal-close-packed Co-alloy and that this fraction becomes significant for >35% Pt. The formation of the fcc phase likely causes the behavior in the anisotropy. No Pt concentration dependence is observed for the stacking fault density. The x-ray data show that with increasing Pt, the CoPtCrB-alloy lattice parameters exhibit two distinct regions with the slope changing at 16% Pt. The presence of these two regions is discussed. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 IBM Corp, Almaden Res Ctr, IBM Res Div, San Jose, CA 95120 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Toney, MF (reprint author), IBM Corp, Almaden Res Ctr, IBM Res Div, 650 Harry Rd, San Jose, CA 95120 USA. NR 34 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 94 IS 6 BP 4018 EP 4023 DI 10.1063/1.1601689 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 723EN UT WOS:000185419600050 ER PT J AU Serquis, A Civale, L Hammon, DL Liao, XZ Coulter, JY Zhu, YT Peterson, DE Mueller, FM AF Serquis, A Civale, L Hammon, DL Liao, XZ Coulter, JY Zhu, YT Peterson, DE Mueller, FM TI Role of excess Mg and heat treatments on microstructure and critical current of MgB2 wires SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CRITICAL-CURRENT DENSITY; TRANSPORT CRITICAL CURRENTS; IN-TUBE MGB2; SUPERCONDUCTING PROPERTIES; FE-CLAD; MAGNESIUM DIBORIDE; TAPES; POWDER; DEFECTS AB We present a detailed analysis of the effect of heat treatments on the microstructure, magnetization, and transport properties of MgB2 wires produced by the powder-in-tube method. We have used commercial MgB2 powder with 5 at. % Mg powder added as an additional source of magnesium and stainless steel as sheath material. We measure the dc transport critical current that can be increased or decreased by more than one order of magnitude as compared with the as-drawn wire, depending on the annealing parameters. We correlate the changes in the critical current with changes in the microstructure, as determined from scanning and transmission electron microscopy analysis. We show through magnetization measurements of short annealed wires that inappropriate annealing conditions result in a deterioration of the connectivity due to the loss of Mg and in inhomogeneous weak-link limited current flow, rendering the critical state model inapplicable. We discuss the optimization of the annealing conditions that strongly improve the connectivity by eliminating most of the microcracks present in the unannealed wires, where excess Mg promotes the recrystallization. The loss of Mg during the heat treatment may be precluded by annealing long wire lengths with a high heating rate. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Superconduct Technol Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Serquis, A (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Superconduct Technol Ctr, MS K763, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Zhu, Yuntian/B-3021-2008; Liao, Xiaozhou/B-3168-2009; Serquis, Adriana/L-6554-2015 OI Zhu, Yuntian/0000-0002-5961-7422; Liao, Xiaozhou/0000-0001-8565-1758; Serquis, Adriana/0000-0003-1499-4782 NR 29 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 94 IS 6 BP 4024 EP 4031 DI 10.1063/1.1603347 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 723EN UT WOS:000185419600051 ER PT J AU Tsakalakos, L Sands, T Carleton, E Yu, KM AF Tsakalakos, L Sands, T Carleton, E Yu, KM TI Modification of (Pb,La)(Zr,Ti)O-3 thin films during pulsed laser liftoff from MgO substrates SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID FERROELECTRIC PROPERTIES; HYSTERESIS LOOP; TEMPERATURE; PBTIO3; STRESS; GAN; DEFORMATION; SHIFT AB Pulsed excimer laser irradiation of an absorbing thin film through a transparent substrate has been employed to separate epitaxial (Pb,La)(Zr,Ti)O-3 (PLZT) thin films from their MgO growth substrates. The morphology, microstructure, and dielectric properties of the laser-modified PLZT layer generated at the original PLZT/MgO interface by this laser liftoff (LLO) process was investigated. Atomic force microscopy measurements of the film surface after LLO indicated average surface roughness on the order of 90-100 nm, complementing previously reported scanning electron microscopy studies that revealed what appeared to be a rough glassy layer. The surface roughness is thought to form as the original growth substrate is ejected from the films transferred towards the end of the 38 ns pulse, pulling the molten near-interfacial portion of the PLZT film via surface tension, and followed by quenching of the liquid phase. Transmission electron microscopy of PLZT films transferred to Si wafers showed the surface layer consists of an irregular amorphous layer ranging in thickness from 50 to 100 nm, although some surface features protruded as far as 300 nm. Enhanced levels of lead were found to be present in the amorphous phase by Rutherford backscattering spectrometry, implying PbO evaporation and subsequent condensation during LLO. Electrical measurements determined the relative dielectric constant of the surface layer to be in the ran-e of 40-70. Subsequent ion milling of the layer demonstrated that the ferroelectric and dielectric properties of the original PLZT films were largely recovered, while the surface roughness was reduced to betow 40 nm. The observed differences between the dielectric and ferroelectric properties of the film transferred after complete removal of the amorphous layer compared to those of the film on the original MgO substrate are attributed to the removal of substrate clamping. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Tsakalakos, L (reprint author), GE Co, Global Res Ctr, Niskayuna, NY 12309 USA. RI Sands, Timothy/D-2133-2009; Yu, Kin Man/J-1399-2012 OI Sands, Timothy/0000-0001-9718-6515; Yu, Kin Man/0000-0003-1350-9642 NR 28 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 94 IS 6 BP 4047 EP 4052 DI 10.1063/1.1604963 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 723EN UT WOS:000185419600055 ER PT J AU Hajra, M Hunt, CE Ding, M Auciello, O Carlisle, J Gruen, DM AF Hajra, M Hunt, CE Ding, M Auciello, O Carlisle, J Gruen, DM TI Effect of gases on the field emission properties of ultrananocrystalline diamond-coated silicon field emitter arrays SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID FILM GROWTH; TIPS; ENHANCEMENT; EFFICIENCY AB We performed studies of electron emission from ultrananocrystalline diamond (UNCD)-coated, ungated silicon field emitters as a function of in situ exposure to various gases during current versus voltage and current versus time measurements. The emitter arrays were fabricated by a subtractive tip fabrication process and coated with UNCD films using microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition with a CH4/Ar plasma chemistry. The emission characteristics of the coated tip arrays were studied in the diode configuration; using a 2 mm diameter anode with rounded edges to suppress arcing. Significant enhancement of the electron emission was observed, increasing from 35% to 100%, after the emitting surface was exposed to H-2 at pressures in the 10(-5) and 10(-4) Torr range. Upon termination of the H-2 exposure, the current decreased to the initial value of 2 muA. The emission current subsequently remained stable at 2 muA upon continued evacuation down to the base pressure below 10(-9) Torr. The emission current variation is repeatable with ensuing hydrogen exposure, indicating that the enhancement is due to the hydrogen exposure. Negligible emission current variations are observed at pressures less than 10(-5) Torr. Exposure to either Ar or N-2 resulted in a reduction of the emission current for ambients of up to 10(-5) Torr. This effect is reversible. The effect of the investigated gases on the emission characteristics of UNCD-coated Si tip arrays is attributed to a modification of the effective work function at the localized sites from where electrons are being emitted. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Beijing Vacuum Elect Res Inst, Beijing, Peoples R China. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Hajra, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. NR 17 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 94 IS 6 BP 4079 EP 4083 DI 10.1063/1.1594268 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 723EN UT WOS:000185419600060 ER PT J AU Park, JW Babu, SS Vitek, JM Kenik, EA David, SA AF Park, JW Babu, SS Vitek, JM Kenik, EA David, SA TI Stray grain formation in single crystal Ni-base superalloy welds SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SOLIDIFICATION; MICROSTRUCTURES; GROWTH AB The effects of processing conditions and crystallographic orientation of growing dendrites on Stray grain formation have been investigated in welds of single crystal Ni-base superalloys. The degree of constitutional supercooling (CS) at the solidification front has been used as a metric to quantify the effects. Numerical calculation results showed an appreciable effect of dendrite orientation on CS. For experimental verification, welds were made on a single crystal but in an asymmetric crystallographic orientation under three different processing conditions. Stray grain formation was observed to increase and become extensive on one side of the weld as power and welding speed increased. This result is in agreement with the calculated predictions and confirms that the degree of CS is a good metric. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Park, JW (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Babu, Sudarsanam/D-1694-2010 OI Babu, Sudarsanam/0000-0002-3531-2579 NR 17 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 2 U2 17 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 94 IS 6 BP 4203 EP 4209 DI 10.1063/1.1602950 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 723EN UT WOS:000185419600079 ER PT J AU Wiseman, BS Sternlicht, MD Lund, LR Alexander, CM Mott, J Bissell, MJ Soloway, P Itohara, S Werb, Z AF Wiseman, BS Sternlicht, MD Lund, LR Alexander, CM Mott, J Bissell, MJ Soloway, P Itohara, S Werb, Z TI Site-specific inductive and inhibitory activities of MMP-2 and MMP-3 orchestrate mammary gland branching morphogenesis SO JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE apoptosis; matrix metalloproteinases; stromal-epithelial interaction; terminal end bud; tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases ID A-DEFICIENT MICE; MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASES; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; DEGRADING PROTEINASES; EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX; BASEMENT-MEMBRANE; TISSUE INHIBITOR; TUMOR INVASION; GROWTH; STROMELYSIN-1 AB During puberty, mouse mammary epithelial ducts invade the stromal mammary fat pad in a wave of branching morphogenesis to form a complex ductal tree. Using pharmacologic and genetic approaches, we find that mammary gland branching morphogenesis requires transient matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity for invasion and branch point selection. MMP-2, but not MMP-9, facilitates terminal end bud invasion by inhibiting epithelial cell apoptosis at the start of puberty. Unexpectedly, MMP-2 also represses precocious lateral branching during mid-puberty. In contrast, MMP-3 induces secondary and tertiary lateral branching of ducts during mid-puberty and early pregnancy. Nevertheless, the mammary gland is able to develop lactational competence in MMP mutant mice. Thus, specific MMPs refine the mammary branching pattern by distinct mechanisms during mammary gland branching morphogenesis. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Anat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Rigshosp, Finsen Lab, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Cornell Univ, Div Nutr Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. Inst Phys & Chem Res, Brain Sci Inst, Lab Behav Genet, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. RP Werb, Z (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Anat, HSW 1320-1321,513 Parnassus Ave, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RI Itohara, Shigeyoshi/I-8769-2012 OI Itohara, Shigeyoshi/0000-0002-2410-9989 FU NCI NIH HHS [CA58207, CA57621, P50 CA058207, R01 CA057621] NR 54 TC 174 Z9 175 U1 2 U2 7 PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 1114 FIRST AVE, 4TH FL, NEW YORK, NY 10021 USA SN 0021-9525 J9 J CELL BIOL JI J. Cell Biol. PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 162 IS 6 BP 1123 EP 1133 DI 10.1083/jcb.200302090 PG 11 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 722WR UT WOS:000185401500015 PM 12975354 ER PT J AU Robinson, JC Sveum, NE Neumark, DM AF Robinson, JC Sveum, NE Neumark, DM TI Determination of absolute photoionization cross sections for vinyl and propargyl radicals SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PHOTOFRAGMENT TRANSLATIONAL SPECTROSCOPY; 193 NM PHOTODISSOCIATION; PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTRUM; SECONDARY PROCESSES; PHOTO-IONIZATION; CHLORINE; CL AB Photofragment translational spectroscopy experiments employing tunable vacuum ultraviolet photoionization yielded absolute photoionization cross sections for vinyl and propargyl radicals at 10 eV of 11.1+/-2.2 and 8.3+/-1.6 Mb, respectively. From these values, the photoionization efficiency curves from 7.8-10.8 eV for these radicals were placed on an absolute scale. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Robinson, JC (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Neumark, Daniel/B-9551-2009 OI Neumark, Daniel/0000-0002-3762-9473 NR 27 TC 82 Z9 83 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 119 IS 11 BP 5311 EP 5314 DI 10.1063/1.1606440 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 716JL UT WOS:000185025000001 ER PT J AU Yang, MN Fleming, GR AF Yang, MN Fleming, GR TI Construction of kinetic domains in energy trapping processes and application to a photosynthetic light harvesting complex SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CYANOBACTERIAL PHOTOSYSTEM-I; CHARGE SEPARATION; CORE ANTENNA; SYNECHOCOCCUS-ELONGATUS; EXCITON MIGRATION; FLUORESCENCE; TEMPERATURE; DEPENDENCE; ABSORPTION; LATTICES AB We develop a formulation allowing construction of various kinetic domains from a master equation for population transfer dynamics and enabling calculation of the time scales of transition between such domains. In this way, a complicated network of energy transfer steps can be simplified to a series of sequential kinetic transitions over the kinetic domains. We illustrate the advantage of this formulation by applying it to energy trapping in a photosynthetic light harvesting system and as a result we obtain a clear picture of energy transfer dynamics and the various rate determining steps in Photosystem I. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Yang, MN (reprint author), Chungbuk Natl Univ, Dept Chem, Cheongju 361763, Chungbuk, South Korea. OI Yang, Mino/0000-0001-9504-0280 NR 23 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 119 IS 11 BP 5614 EP 5622 DI 10.1063/1.1599347 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 716JL UT WOS:000185025000034 ER PT J AU Rodriguez, JA Wang, XQ Hanson, JC Liu, G Iglesias-Juez, A Fernandez-Garcia, M AF Rodriguez, JA Wang, XQ Hanson, JC Liu, G Iglesias-Juez, A Fernandez-Garcia, M TI The behavior of mixed-metal oxides: Structural and electronic properties of Ce1-xCaxO2 and Ce1-xCaxO2-x SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID RAY-ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY; X-RAY; CHEMICAL-PROPERTIES; PLANE-WAVE; MICROEMULSION METHOD; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; CEO2; SURFACES; SO2; DIFFRACTION AB Synchrotron-based time-resolved x-ray diffraction (TR-XRD), x-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy (XANES), Raman spectroscopy (RS), and first-principles density functional (DF) calculations were used to study the structural and electronic properties of Ce-Ca mixed-metal oxides. The XRD results and DF calculations show that doping with calcium induces relatively minor variations (<0.05 Angstrom) in the cell dimensions of ceria. However, the presence of Ca leads to slightly distorted tetragonal structures, a substantial strain in the lattice of the oxide and a tendency to form O vacancies in an ideal Ce1-xCaxO2 solid solution. The two latter effects can be a consequence of the large number of oxygen neighbors that Ca is forced to have in Ce1-xCaxO2 and differences in the electronic charges of calcium and cerium cations. The Ce1-xCaxO2-x systems are not fully ionic. Cation charges derived from the DF calculations indicate that these systems obey the Barr model for charge redistribution in mixed-metal oxides. The Ca atoms in Ce1-xCaxO2-x are more electropositive than the cations in CaO, while the Ce cations of Ce1-xCaxO2-x are less electropositive than those of CeO2. These trends are consistent with XANES measurements at the Ca K- and Ce L-III-edges. The cation charge redistributions should be taken into consideration when explaining or predicting the chemical and catalytic properties of Ce1-xCaxO2-x. Ca induces structural and electronic perturbations on ceria quite different from those found after doping with Zr. The behavior of Ce1-xCaxO2-x illustrates the drastic effects that doping with an electropositive element can have on the properties of ceria. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. CSIC, Inst Catalisis & Petroleoquim, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. RP Fernandez-Garcia, M (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Hanson, jonathan/E-3517-2010; Fernandez-Garcia, Marcos/A-8122-2014; Iglesias-Juez, Ana/K-6048-2014 OI Iglesias-Juez, Ana/0000-0002-1218-5490 NR 71 TC 78 Z9 78 U1 2 U2 41 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 119 IS 11 BP 5659 EP 5669 DI 10.1063/1.1601595 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 716JL UT WOS:000185025000039 ER PT J AU Slowinska, K Feldberg, SW Majda, M AF Slowinska, K Feldberg, SW Majda, M TI An electrochemical time-of-flight technique with galvanostatic generation and potentiometric sensing SO JOURNAL OF ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE band microelectrode; hemi-cylindrical diffusion ID MICROELECTRODE ARRAYS; PHYSICAL DIFFUSION; ELECTROLYTES; SIMULATION; DEVICES; FILMS AB A variation of an electrochemical time-of-flight (ETOF) technique is described and illustrated with the test cases involving electrochemically generated Ag+ and H+ ions in aqueous solutions of different viscosity and ionic strength. Similar to the earlier ETOF methods, the new ETOF technique also relies on photolithographically fabricated microelectrode devices. It uses a constant current (rather than potentiostatic) mode of generation of redox species and, unlike earlier approaches, it uses potentiometric (rather than amperometric) monitoring of the rates of their diffusion to the sensor microelectrode. The unknown D-values can be obtained by direct comparison between the experimentally obtained and digitally simulated E vs t transients. Digital simulations were based on simple hemi-cylindrical diffusion between the microband generator modeled as a hemi-cylinder and sensor microband electrode assumed to be infinitesimally small. This model approximates well the experimental results as long as the spacing between the two microband electrodes is approximately equal to or greater than twice their width. Discrepancies between theory and experiment may also arise due to the double-layer charging of the sensor / solution interface, and migration effects. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Majda, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 17 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0022-0728 J9 J ELECTROANAL CHEM JI J. Electroanal. Chem. PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 554 BP 61 EP 69 DI 10.1016/S0022-0728(03)00049-4 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry GA 727KY UT WOS:000185658500007 ER PT J AU Lister, TE Tolmachev, YV Chu, Y Cullen, WG You, H Yonco, R Nagy, Z AF Lister, TE Tolmachev, YV Chu, Y Cullen, WG You, H Yonco, R Nagy, Z TI Cathodic activation of RuO2 single crystal surfaces for hydrogenevolution reaction SO JOURNAL OF ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE ruthenium dioxide; hydrogen evolution reaction; hydrogen oxidation reaction; cathodic activation; synchrotron X-ray scattering ID ENHANCED RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; X-RAY-SCATTERING; HYDROGEN EVOLUTION; RUTHENIUM DIOXIDE; OXIDE ELECTRODES; OXIDATION; REDUCTION; ELECTROOXIDATION; ENVIRONMENTS; TEMPERATURE AB Activation of RuO2 (110) and (100) single crystal surfaces by cathodic polarization was studied using hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions as probes, as well as cyclic voltammetry and X-ray crystal-truncation-rod measurements. Both surfaces are poor catalysts for hydrogen reactions in the as-grown state, however, their activity increases after cathodic polarization. Cathodic activation of the RuO2 (110) surface was interpreted as the formation of metallic ruthenium sites which can be reoxidized to ruthenium dioxide. This process is reversible in the early stages of activation when no significant surface corrugation is produced. Irreversible surface roughening can be produced with activation at very negative potentials. On the other hand, the activation of the RuO2 (100) surface leads, under even very mild conditions, to an irreversible increase in surface pseudocapacitance and the appearance of new voltammetric features. This behavior is attributed to irreversible morphological changes following hydrogen intercalation into the subsurface region. The more facile and drastic changes upon activation of the (100) surface can be explained by its more open structure as compared with the densely packed (110) surface. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP You, H (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI You, Hoydoo/A-6201-2011; OI You, Hoydoo/0000-0003-2996-9483; Tolmachev, Yuriy/0000-0001-6705-6058 NR 34 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 4 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0022-0728 J9 J ELECTROANAL CHEM JI J. Electroanal. Chem. PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 554 BP 71 EP 76 DI 10.1016/S0022-0728(03)00048-2 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry GA 727KY UT WOS:000185658500008 ER PT J AU Inoue, H Wang, JX Sasaki, K Adzic, RR AF Inoue, H Wang, JX Sasaki, K Adzic, RR TI Electrocatalysis of H-2 oxidation on Ru(0001) and Ru(10-10) single crystal surfaces SO JOURNAL OF ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE single crystal Ru(0001) and Ru(10-10) electrodes; hydrogen oxidation; hydrogen evolution ID HYDROGEN EVOLUTION REACTION; ELECTRODE SURFACE; OXYGEN REDUCTION; RU NANOPARTICLES; ACID-SOLUTIONS; PT-RU; CO; ELECTROOXIDATION; ADSORPTION; DISK AB The hydrogen oxidation reaction kinetics have been measured as a function of temperature on Ru(0001) and Ru(10 - 10) surfaces in H2SO4 and HClO4 solutions by using a rotating disk electrode. The reaction is essentially under kinetic control at temperatures between 25 and 60 degreesC. It has a pronounced structural sensitivity, having higher rates on a Ru(10 - 10) than on a Ru(0001) surface. The reaction is strongly inhibited by Ru oxide formation at low overpotentials for hydrogen oxidation, which causes a current peak in the polarization curve and a negligible oxidation current at large overpotentials. The structural dependence appears to be predominantly determined by the properties of the oxidized surfaces of Ru(0001) and Ru(10 - 10). The kinetics are faster in H2SO4 than in HClO4 solution due to a slower surface oxidation in the former acid. The apparent electrochemical activation energy for the Ru(0001) surface is about 120 U mol(-1), while 80 U mol(-1) is observed for the Ru(10 - 10) surface. The exchange current densities of 0.13 and 0.16 mA cm(-2) at 40 degreesC for Ru(0001) and Ru(10 - 10), respectively have been determined from the linear part of the polarization curves. The origin of the structural effects on the hydrogen oxidation kinetics on Ru surfaces has been discussed. In sharp contrast to hydrogen oxidation, the hydrogen evolution kinetics shows a very small structural dependence. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Mat Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Adzic, RR (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Mat Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Wang, Jia/B-6346-2011 NR 26 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 28 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0022-0728 J9 J ELECTROANAL CHEM JI J. Electroanal. Chem. PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 554 BP 77 EP 85 DI 10.1016/S0022-0728(03)00077-9 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry GA 727KY UT WOS:000185658500009 ER PT J AU Stamenkovic, V Schmidt, TJ Ross, PN Markovic, NM AF Stamenkovic, V Schmidt, TJ Ross, PN Markovic, NM TI Surface segregation effects in electrocatalysis: kinetics of oxygen reduction reaction on polycrystalline Pt3Ni alloy surfaces SO JOURNAL OF ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE surface segregation; electrocatalysis; alloys; platinum nickel; oxygen reduction reaction; surface composition ID SINGLE-CRYSTAL SURFACES; ACID-SOLUTIONS; ELECTROOXIDATION; TEMPERATURE; METAL; ELECTROCHEMISTRY; ELECTROLYTES; ELECTRODES; SCATTERING; CATALYST AB The effects of surface segregation on the oxygen reduction reaction (orr) have been studied on a polycrystalline Pt3Ni alloy in acid electrolyte using ultra high vacuum (UHV) surface sensitive probes and the rotating ring disk electrode (RRDE) method. Preparation, modification and characterization of alloy surfaces were done in ultra high vacuum (UHV). Depending on the preparation method, two different surface compositions of the Pt3Ni alloy are produced: a sputtered surface with 75% Pt and an annealed surface (950 K) with 100% Pt. The latter surface is designated as the 'Pt-skin' structure, and is a consequence of surface segregation, i.e. replacement of Ni with Pt atoms in the first few atomic layers. Definitive surface compositions were established by low energy ion scattering spectroscopy (LEISS). The cyclic voltammetry of the 'Pt-skin' surface as well as the pseudcapacitance in the hydrogen adsorption/desorption potential region is similar to that of a polycrystalline Pt electrode. The activities of the orr on Pt3Ni alloy surfaces were compared to that of a polycrystalline Pt in 0.1 M HClO4 electrolyte for the observed temperature range of 293 < T < 333 K. The order of activities at 333 K was: 'Pt-skin' > Pt3Ni (75% Pt) > Pt with the maximum catalytic enhancement obtained for the 'Pt-skin' being 4 times that for pure Pt. Catalytic improvement of the orr on Pt3Ni and 'Pt-skin' surfaces was assigned to the inhibition of Pt-OHad formation (on Pt sites) versus polycrystalline Pt. Production of H2O2 on both surfaces was similar compared to that on the pure Pt. Kinetic analyses of RRDE data confirmed that the kinetic parameters for the orr on the Pt3Ni and 'Pt-skin' surfaces are the same as on pure Pt: reaction order, m = 1, two identical Tafel slopes, activation energy, approximate to 21 -25 kJ mol(-1). Therefore, the reaction mechanism on both Pt3Ni and 'Pt-skin' surfaces is the same as that proposed for pure Pt, i.e. a 4e(-) reduction pathway. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Stamenkovic, V (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Schmidt, Thomas/A-2586-2010 OI Schmidt, Thomas/0000-0002-1636-367X NR 48 TC 225 Z9 226 U1 24 U2 156 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0022-0728 J9 J ELECTROANAL CHEM JI J. Electroanal. Chem. PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 554 BP 191 EP 199 DI 10.1016/S0022-0728(03)00177-3 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry GA 727KY UT WOS:000185658500020 ER PT J AU Abou Hamad I Wandlowski, T Brown, G Rikvold, PA AF Abou Hamad, I Wandlowski, T Brown, G Rikvold, PA TI Electrosorption of Br and Cl on Ag(100): experiments and computer simulations SO JOURNAL OF ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE bromine electrosorption; chlorine electrosorption; chronocoulometry; continuous phase transition; lattice-gas model; Monte Carlo simulation ID SINGLE-CRYSTAL ELECTRODES; MONTE-CARLO SIMULATIONS; SILVER ELECTRODES; HALIDE ADSORPTION; SURFACES; BROMIDE; VALENCY AB We present chronocoulometry experiments and equilibrium Monte Carlo simulations for the electrosorption of Br and Cl on Ag(1 0 0) single-crystal electrode surfaces. Two different methods are used to calculate the long-range part of the adsorbate-adsorbate interactions. The first method is a truncated-sum approach, while the second is a mean-field-enhanced truncated-sum approach. To compare the two methods, the resulting isotherms are fit to experimental adsorption isotherms, assuming both a constant electrosorption valency gamma and also a coverage-dependent gamma. While a constant gamma fits the Br/Ag(1 0 0) well, a coverage-dependent or potential-dependent gamma is needed for Cl/Ag(1 0 0). (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Florida State Univ, Ctr Mat Res & Technol, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Florida State Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Florida State Univ, Sch Computat Sci & Informat Technol, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Thin Flims & Interfaces, D-52425 Julich, Germany. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Comp Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Stochast Proc Sci & Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Rikvold, PA (reprint author), Florida State Univ, Ctr Mat Res & Technol, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. EM rikvold@csit.fsu.edu RI Thomas, Wandlowski/C-7251-2009; Brown, Gregory/F-7274-2016 OI Brown, Gregory/0000-0002-7524-8962 NR 26 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 1572-6657 J9 J ELECTROANAL CHEM JI J. Electroanal. Chem. PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 554 BP 211 EP 219 DI 10.1016/S0022-0728(03)00178-5 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry GA 727KY UT WOS:000185658500022 ER PT J AU Chou, KC Kim, J Baldelli, S Somorjai, GA AF Chou, KC Kim, J Baldelli, S Somorjai, GA TI Vibrational spectroscopy of carbon monoxide, acetonitrile, and phenylalanine adsorbed on liquid vertical bar electrode interfaces by sum frequency generation SO JOURNAL OF ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE sum frequency generation; liquid vertical bar electrode interfaces; CO oxidation; acetonitrile; phenylalanine; platinum; glassy carbon ID ENHANCED RAMAN-SCATTERING; IN-SITU FTIR; INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; SINGLE-CRYSTAL; GLASSY-CARBON; AMINO-ACIDS; ELECTROCHEMICAL INTERFACES; REACTIVE CHEMISORPTION; ORIENTATION ANALYSIS; PLATINUM-ELECTRODES AB This paper reviews recent work carried out in our laboratory on the application of sum frequency generation (SFG) to investigate liquid \ electrode interfaces in the presence of an external potential. First, we present a study of CO oxidation on a Pt(I 11) electrode. Although the CO stretching frequency observed by SFG agrees with that observed using IR spectroscopy, the intensity behaves differently from that observed by IR. While the intensity of IR absorption decreases due to CO oxidation, a 360% enhancement of SFG intensity was observed in the pre-ignition potential region. This suggests that the bonding state of CO is significantly perturbed in the pre-ignition potential region. Secondly, SFG was used to study the potential induced structural change of acetonitrile adsorbed on a Pt(I 11) electrode. SFG spectra indicate that acetonitrile reorients in response to the electrode potential with the C-C bond perpendicular to the electrode surface. The orientation is predominately with the CH3 group toward the metal at 200 mV (vs. a reversible hydrogen electrode, RHE) and with the CN group toward the metal at 1200 mV. Finally, the adsorption of phenylalanine on a glassy carbon electrode was studied as a function of electrode potential. The SFG signal suggests that the phenylalanine is adsorbed on the electrode with the phenyl ring and the ammonium group nearly parallel to the surface. The dipole of the methylene group tilts toward the electrode surface when the applied potential increases. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM somorjai@socrates.berkeley.edu NR 74 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 3 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 1572-6657 EI 1873-2569 J9 J ELECTROANAL CHEM JI J. Electroanal. Chem. PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 554 BP 253 EP 263 DI 10.1016/S0022-0728(03)00199-2 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry GA 727KY UT WOS:000185658500026 ER PT J AU Rhee, CK Wakisaka, M Tolmachev, YV Johnston, CM Haasch, R Attenkofer, K Lu, GQ You, H Wieckowski, A AF Rhee, CK Wakisaka, M Tolmachev, YV Johnston, CM Haasch, R Attenkofer, K Lu, GQ You, H Wieckowski, A TI Osmium nanoislands spontaneously deposited on a Pt(111) electrode: an XPS, STM and GIF-XAS study SO JOURNAL OF ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE osmium, platinum, oxidation states; XPS-electrochemistry, in-situ STM; in-situ GIF-XAS, fuel cell, catalysis ID RAY PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; METHANOL OXIDATION; FUEL-CELLS; RUTHENIUM SUBMONOLAYERS; BINDING-ENERGIES; SINGLE-PHASE; PLATINUM; RU; CATALYSTS; ELECTROOXIDATION AB Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) characterized adlayers of spontaneously deposited osmium on a Pt(l 11) electrode were investigated using ex-situ X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) and in-situ grazing incidence fluorescence X-ray absorption spectroscopy (GIF-XAS). After a single spontaneous deposition, monoatomic (or nearly monoatomic) nanoislands of osmium are formed. The island diameter varies from 2 to 5 nm depending on the Os coverage, which in turn is adjusted by varying the concentration of the Os precursor salt (OsCl3) in the deposition bath and/or by the deposition time. XPS reveals three oxidation states: a metallic Os (the 4f(7/2) core level binding energy of 50.8 eV), Os(IV) (51.5 eV) and Os(VIII) (52.4 eV). The metallic osmium exists at potentials below 500 mV (vs. RHE) while above 500 mV osmium is oxidized to Os(IV). Electrodissolution of osmium begins above 900 mV and occurs simultaneously with platinum oxidation. At ca. 1200 mV V versus the RHE reference, the oxidation state of some small amounts of osmium that survive dissolution is the Os(VIII). We demonstrate, for the first time, that mixed or odd valencies of osmium exist on the platinum surface at potentials higher that 800 mV. In-situ GIF-XAS measurements of an Os L-III edge also reveal the presence of three Os oxidation states. Namely, below the electrode potential of 400 mV, the X-ray fluorescent energy at maximum absorption is 10.8765 keV, and is characteristic of the metallic Os. In the potential range between 500 and 1000 mV this energy is gradually shifted to higher values, assignable to higher valencies of osmium, like Os(IV). This tendency continues to higher potentials consistent with the third, highly oxidized osmium form present, most likely Os(VIII). The variation of the "raw edge jump height" of Os with the electrode potential, which is equivalent to a drop in osmium surface concentration, demonstrates that the electrochemical stripping of Os begins below 1.0 V versus RHE, as expected from voltammetry. Also, the observed intensity of the white line of Os in the 100-400 mV region is larger than the value reported for metallic bulk Os. This discrepancy may result from the difference in the electronic properties of the metallic Os layers on Pt(I 11) and the metallic bulk Os: in the potential region between 100 and 400 mV, the 5d electrons in Os and Pt form a mixed electronic band, and the density of electronic states near the Fermi level, the main factor determining the white line intensity, may not be the same as in metallic bulk. The presented results on osmium adlayers are much more comprehensive than those available in our previous work due to the combined STM, GIF-XAS and XPS investigations. A nearly perfect convergence of the in situ and ex situ data is one of the main research outcomes of this project. Finally, platinum XPS spectra taken in the context of Os electrooxidation from the electrode surface are also presented and conclusions are made, that up to 900 mV platinum remain metallic, irrespective of a significant osmium oxidation on its surface. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Chem, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Univ Illinois, Frederick Seitz Mat Res Lab, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Wieckowski, A (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Chem, 600 S Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RI Johnston, Christina/A-7344-2011; You, Hoydoo/A-6201-2011; OI You, Hoydoo/0000-0003-2996-9483; Tolmachev, Yuriy/0000-0001-6705-6058 NR 49 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 6 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0022-0728 J9 J ELECTROANAL CHEM JI J. Electroanal. Chem. PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 554 BP 367 EP 378 DI 10.1016/S0022-0728(03)00256-0 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry GA 727KY UT WOS:000185658500038 ER PT J AU Saravanan, C Dunietz, BD Markovic, NM Somorjai, GA Ross, PN Head-Gordon, M AF Saravanan, C Dunietz, BD Markovic, NM Somorjai, GA Ross, PN Head-Gordon, M TI Electro-oxidation of CO on Pt-based electrodes simulated by electronic structure calculations SO JOURNAL OF ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE CO electro-oxidation; ab initio calculations; Pt surface catalysis; density functional theory calculations ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; SUM-FREQUENCY GENERATION; MONTE-CARLO SIMULATIONS; CARBON-MONOXIDE; INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; POTENTIAL DEPENDENCE; OXIDATION; PLATINUM; SURFACE AB CO electro-oxidation on Pt-based electrodes is simulated by density functional calculations on cluster models. A surface bound complex of CO with OH is identified as a crucial intermediate in the mechanism of CO oxidation. The complex under the influence of an appropriate potential and in the presence of water undergoes CO oxidation. The potential energy surface for this reaction as a function of the potential of the electrode is presented, and the barrier for the reaction is shown to vanish above a sufficiently positive applied potential. In addition, the different major barriers for the process are highlighted by comparing the mechanism on pure Pt to a Ru-Pt alloy. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Dunietz, BD (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 41 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 3 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0022-0728 J9 J ELECTROANAL CHEM JI J. Electroanal. Chem. PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 554 BP 459 EP 465 DI 10.1016/S0022-0728(03)00414-5 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry GA 727KY UT WOS:000185658500047 ER PT J AU Hu, MZC Payzant, EA Booth, KR Rawn, CJ Hunt, RD Allard, LF AF Hu, MZC Payzant, EA Booth, KR Rawn, CJ Hunt, RD Allard, LF TI Ultrafine microsphere particles of zirconium titanate produced by homogeneous dielectric-tuning coprecipitation SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID HYDRAZINE CARBOXYLATE PRECURSORS; LOW-TEMPERATURE SYNTHESIS; SOL-GEL SYNTHESIS; POLYMERIC PRECURSORS; MICROWAVE DIELECTRICS; CHEMICAL SYNTHESIS; THERMAL EVOLUTION; ZRTIO4 POWDERS; MICROSTRUCTURE; ZRO2-TIO2 AB Zirconium titanates are widely used in electrical ( common microwave dielectrics) and optical devices as well as in bifunctional catalysis and structural ceramics. In this paper, ultrafine amorphous solid microsphere precursor particles of zirconium titanate (ZrxTi1-xO2) with possibly tailored intraparticle nanostructure (i.e., nanosized pores) were synthesized by a "dielectric-tuning" solution coprecipitation method, in which inorganic salts were dissolved in a simple water-alcohol mixture and homogeneous nucleation and growth of particles were then induced by heating at temperatures below 100degreesC. Near-monodispersed particles were obtained. Particle sizes (nanometers to a few micrometers in diameter) were controlled by adjusting the process parameters such as salt concentration, alcohol-to-water volume ratio, temperature, and heating time. Nanosphere particles were produced with a rapid microwave heating nucleation-control scheme. Transmission electron microscopic analysis of each individual microsphere indicates that uniform nanostructures ( a few nanometers in pore size) as well as compositional homogeneity ( in terms of the Zr/Ti ratio) have been obtained inside each amorphous microsphere. In situ high-temperature X-ray diffraction data show that no phase segregation was observed in as-preprared microspheres and the transition from amorphous to the single-crystalline ZrTiO4 phase occurred around 650degreesC for a composition of Zr/Ti = 1. Interestingly, thermal analysis (DTA/TGA) data indicate that the solution synthesis condition seems to affect the crystallization activation energy and onset temperature, which varies from 530 to 680degreesC. (C) 2003 Kluwer Academic Publishers. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Nucl Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Tuskegee Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Tuskegee, AL 36088 USA. RP Hu, MZC (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Nucl Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Payzant, Edward/B-5449-2009; OI Payzant, Edward/0000-0002-3447-2060; Hu, Michael/0000-0001-8461-9684 NR 46 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 11 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-2461 J9 J MATER SCI JI J. Mater. Sci. PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 38 IS 18 BP 3831 EP 3843 DI 10.1023/A:1025900804268 PG 13 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 726EF UT WOS:000185585000017 ER PT J AU Hwang, KS Yang, MC Zhu, J Grunes, J Somorjai, GA AF Hwang, KS Yang, MC Zhu, J Grunes, J Somorjai, GA TI The molecular mechanism of the poisoning of platinum and rhodium catalyzed ethylene hydrogenation by carbon monoxide SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR CATALYSIS A-CHEMICAL LA English DT Article DE ethylene hydrogenation; ethylidyne; carbon monoxide; platinum nanoparticles; rhodium ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; SUM-FREQUENCY GENERATION; ENERGY-ELECTRON DIFFRACTION; HIGH-PRESSURE; BEAM LITHOGRAPHY; PT(111); SURFACE; CO; ETHYLIDYNE; ADSORPTION AB CO poisoning of ethylene hydrogenation was studied on platinum and rhodium single crystals as well as on platinum nanoparticles deposited on alumina in the mTorr and Torr pressure regimes. Reaction studies using gas chromatography on Pt(111) show that CO poisons the reaction, and the measured activation energy in the presence of CO (20.2 kcal/mol) is higher than without CO (9.6 kcal/mol). STM studies on Rh(111) show that in the absence of CO, hydrogen and ethylidyne species that are present on the surface in large concentrations diffuse rapidly on the surface and thus, cannot be imaged. When CO is introduced, ordered structures appear on the surface. Based on these results, a model is proposed for CO poisoning on single crystals in which CO adsorbs on vacant hollow sites, preventing the diffusion of ethylidyne. With the immobile adsorbates filling the surface, ethylene from the gas phase has no room to adsorb, and ethylene hydrogenation is prevented. Similarly, CO on platinum nanoparticles reduces the reaction rate of ethylene hydrogenation. Unlike on Pt(111), however, CO does not change the activation energy significantly. This indicates that platinum at the oxide-metal interface sites remains active as CO is rapidly hydrogenated and removed from these sites. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Somorjai, GA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 27 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1381-1169 J9 J MOL CATAL A-CHEM JI J. Mol. Catal. A-Chem. PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 204 BP 499 EP 507 DI 10.1016/S1381-1169(03)00332-7 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 722QQ UT WOS:000185387900051 ER PT J AU Houseweart, MK Pennacchio, LA Vilaythong, A Peters, C Noebels, JL Myers, RM AF Houseweart, MK Pennacchio, LA Vilaythong, A Peters, C Noebels, JL Myers, RM TI Cathepsin B but not cathepsins L or S contributes to the pathogenesis of Unverricht-Lundborg progressive myoclonus epilepsy (EPM1) SO JOURNAL OF NEUROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE EPM1; Unverricht Lundborg; progressive myoclonus epilepsy; cystatin B; stefin B; cathepsin; apoptosis; cell death; ataxia; lysosome ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; MEDIATED HEPATOCYTE APOPTOSIS; LYSOSOMAL CYSTEINE PROTEASES; CYTOCHROME-C; OXIDATIVE STRESS; CELL-DEATH; CYSTATIN-B; ANTIGEN PRESENTATION; PROTEIN INHIBITORS; RAT CARDIOMYOCYTES AB The inherited epilepsy Unverricht-Lundborg disease (EPM1) is caused by loss-of-function mutations in the cysteine protease inhibitor, cystatin B. Because cystatin B inhibits a class of lysosomal cysteine proteases called cathepsins, we hypothesized that increased proteolysis by one or more of these cathepsins is likely to be responsible for the seizure, ataxia, and neuronal apoptosis phenotypes characteristic of EPM1. To test this hypothesis and to identify which cysteine cathepsins contribute to EPM1, we have genetically removed three candidate cathepsins from cystatin B-deficient mice and tested for rescue of their EPM1 phenotypes. Whereas removal of cathepsins L or S from cystatin B-deficient mice did not ameliorate any aspect of the EPM1 phenotype, removal of cathepsin B resulted in a 36-89% reduction in the amount of cerebellar granule cell apoptosis depending on mouse age. The incidence of an incompletely penetrant eye phenotype was also reduced upon removal of cathepsin B. Because the apoptosis and eye phenotypes were not abolished completely and the ataxia and seizure phenotypes experienced by cystatin B-deficient animals were not diminished, this suggests that another molecule besides cathepsin B is also responsible for the pathogenesis, or that another molecule can partially compensate for cathepsin B function. These findings establish cathepsin B as a contributor to the apoptotic phenotype of cystatin B-deficient mice and humans with EPM1. They also suggest that the identification of cathepsin B substrates may further reveal the molecular basis for EPM1. (C) 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Genet, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Genome Sci Dept, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Neurol & Mol & Human Genet, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Univ Freiburg, Dept Med, D-7800 Freiburg, Germany. RP Myers, RM (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Genet, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM myers@shgc.stanford.edu OI Noebels, Jeffrey /0000-0002-2887-0839 FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS29709] NR 76 TC 68 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0022-3034 J9 J NEUROBIOL JI J. Neurobiol. PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 56 IS 4 BP 315 EP 327 DI 10.1002/neu.10253 PG 13 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 713BC UT WOS:000184834300002 PM 12918016 ER PT J AU Mahurin, SM Dai, S Schumacher, RF AF Mahurin, SM Dai, S Schumacher, RF TI Spectroscopic determination of heterogeneities in uranyl-doped glasses SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS LA English DT Article ID SILICA; PHOTOPHYSICS; ADSORPTION; CHEMISTRY; SURFACES; URANIUM AB Fluorescence spectroscopic methods were used to obtain information concerning the speciation of uranyl doped into three types of glass: a silica sol-gel glass, a frit glass (a simulant glass for vitrification of radionuclides), and a pyrex glass. Fluorescence decay curves were acquired and lifetime distributions were calculated for each glass via a continuous model analysis program. The uranyl ion contained in the commercial borosilicate glass shows a single lifetime at approximately 370 mus, while the other glasses show multiple peaks at various lifetimes. In addition, a red shift in the emission spectrum of the uranyl ion in the frit and commercial glass indicates stronger bonding of the ion in these glasses as compared to the sol-gel glass. It is concluded that the commercial borosilicate glass provides the most homogeneous environment for the uranyl ion while phase separation in the frit is responsible for the observed multicomponent lifetime distribution. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Waste Proc Technol, Savannah River Technol Ctr, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. RP Dai, S (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Dai, Sheng/K-8411-2015 OI Dai, Sheng/0000-0002-8046-3931 NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3093 J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 325 IS 1-3 BP 70 EP 75 DI 10.1016/S0022-3093(03)00364-8 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 718RM UT WOS:000185160300009 ER PT J AU Cooke, DW Bennett, BL AF Cooke, DW Bennett, BL TI Optical absorption and luminescence of 14-MeV neutron-irradiated CaF2 single crystals SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID ALKALINE EARTH FLUORIDES; CENTERS; TEMPERATURE; SOLIDS AB The effects of 14-MeV neutron irradiation (1.1 x 10(19) n/m(2)) on crystalline CaF2 have been examined by optical absorption and luminescence techniques to evaluate its suitability as a window material for fusion energy applications. For comparison, similar studies were done on unirradiated and X-irradiated samples. It is confirmed that pristine CaF2 exhibits excellent optical transmission in the spectral region 200-1000 nm. X and neutron irradiation induce similar optical absorption spectra with maximum absorption coefficients approximately 1.6 and 0.8 cm(-1), respectively. Thermally stimulated luminescence glow curves are induced by X-ray (11.55 kGy) and neutron exposures; peaks occur at 423, 534, 596 and 479, 550, 605 K, respectively. Thermal annealing experiments show that the major absorption peaks decay in concert with appearance of the first glow peak, which is attributed to an electron trap. Thus, the major absorption bands are associated with F and F-aggregate centers. The relative ease with which these centers are produced strongly suggests that CaF2 is not a good final optic window material for fusion energy applications. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Cooke, DW (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, MST-8,MS E546, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 16 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 321 IS 2-3 BP 158 EP 164 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(03)00240-X PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 723EZ UT WOS:000185420600006 ER PT J AU Snead, LL Burchell, TD Qualls, AL AF Snead, LL Burchell, TD Qualls, AL TI Strength of neutron-irradiated high-quality 3D carbon fiber composite SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article AB The effects of neutronirradiation to 10 dpa at 500 and 800 degreesC on a high-quality three-dimensional balanced weave composite (FMI-222) is presented. Strength and dimensional stability for this system is compared to earlier work on this material, at lower dose, and contrasted with that of a well studied isotropic graphite (POCO AXF-5Q) irradiated at identical conditions. For both irradiation temperatures the composite strength in bending is substantially increased. While both irradiation temperatures cause contraction along the bend bar axis, the amount of contraction is greater for the higher temperature irradiation. Moreover, for the 500 degreesC irradiation the corresponding decrease in volume is observed, though an apparent large increase in volume occurs for the 800 degreesC irradiated composite. This departure from isotropic dimensional change is explained in terms of fiber dimensional stability model previously presented. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Snead, LL (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RI Burchell, Tim/E-6566-2017 OI Burchell, Tim/0000-0003-1436-1192 NR 10 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 321 IS 2-3 BP 165 EP 169 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(03)00246-0 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 723EZ UT WOS:000185420600007 ER PT J AU Zhang, JS Li, N AF Zhang, JS Li, N TI Parametric study of a corrosion model applied to lead-bismuth flow systems SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID LIQUID LEAD; STEELS AB The corrosion of steels exposed to flowing liquid metals is influenced by local and axial conditions of the flow systems. Despite of this, most existing corrosion models only consider the mean values based on local conditions. The present study refines a model for flowing liquid metal under non-isothermal conditions. The model is based on solving the mass transport equation in the boundary layer. Two kinds of flows are investigated: through an open pipe system and through a closed loop system. The model is applied to a lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE) test loop. A parametric study illustrates the effects of the axial temperature profile on corrosion. The study provides important insight to the design, operation and testing of such loop systems. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Zhang, JS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Zhang, Jinsuo/H-4717-2012 OI Zhang, Jinsuo/0000-0002-3412-7769 NR 8 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 321 IS 2-3 BP 184 EP 191 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(03)00244-7 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 723EZ UT WOS:000185420600010 ER PT J AU Fournier, L Sencer, BH Was, GS Simonen, EP Bruemmer, SM AF Fournier, L Sencer, BH Was, GS Simonen, EP Bruemmer, SM TI The influence of oversized solute additions on radiation-induced changes and post-irradiation intergranular stress corrosion cracking behavior in high-purity 316 stainless steels SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID AUSTENITIC STAINLESS-STEELS; GRAIN-BOUNDARY SEGREGATION; ELECTRON-IRRADIATION; NEUTRON-IRRADIATION; INTERSTITIAL LOOPS; MICROSTRUCTURES AB The influence of oversized solute additions on the radiation-induced microstructure, radiation-induced segregation (RIS) at grain boundaries and post-irradiation intergranular stress corrosion cracking (IGSCC) behavior of model, high-purity 316 stainless alloys, doped with either 0.3 at.% platinum or 0.3 at.% hafnium, and proton-irradiated to 2.5 and 5 dpa at 400 degreesC was examined. Radiation-induced microstructure was characterized using both bright and dark field imaging techniques in transmission electron microscopy. Platinum addition was found to promote void nucleation and to increase both the loop density and the mean loop diameter relative to the base alloy at 2.5 dpa. Addition of hafnium was effective in reducing swelling at 2.5 and 5 dpa. Hafnium addition also significantly decreased the mean loop diameter relative to the base alloy. Both platinum and hafnium additions also resulted in significant suppression of RIS at grain boundaries at 2.5 dpa. At 5 dpa, the influence of hafnium addition on RIS was still beneficial but much less pronounced. Comparative constant elongation rate tensile tests performed in a simulated boiling water reactor environment at 288 degreesC demonstrated a beneficial effect of hafnium addition and to a lesser extent platinum addition on the post-irradiation IGSCC behavior of 316 stainless steel alloys. The 316SS alloy doped with platinum exhibited a slightly lower susceptibility to post-irradiation IGSCC than the 316SS base alloy at both 2.5 and 5 dpa. Most spectacularly, the 316SS alloy doped with hafnium was found to be not susceptible to post-irradiation IGSCC at both 2.5 and 5 dpa. The mechanisms by which oversized solute additions impact point defect behavior as well as the links between radiation-induced changes and irradiation-assisted stress corrosion cracking are discussed. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 CEA Saclay, Lab Caracterisat Mat Irradies, Dept Mat Nucl, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Fournier, L (reprint author), CEA Saclay, Lab Caracterisat Mat Irradies, Dept Mat Nucl, Bat 625 P, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. NR 29 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 321 IS 2-3 BP 192 EP 209 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(03)00243-5 PG 18 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 723EZ UT WOS:000185420600011 ER PT J AU Yilmazbayhan, A Delaire, O Motta, AT Birtcher, RC Maser, JM Lai, B AF Yilmazbayhan, A Delaire, O Motta, AT Birtcher, RC Maser, JM Lai, B TI Determination of the alloying content in the matrix of Zr alloys using synchrotron radiation microprobe X-ray fluorescence SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID MONTE-CARLO SIMULATION; ALPHA-ZR; HOMOGENEOUS SAMPLES; NODULAR CORROSION; ZIRCALOY-4; IRRADIATION; FE; SPECTROMETERS; ZIRCONIUM; SOLUBILITY AB The alloying element content in the alpha-Zr matrix of Zr alloys was studied using synchrotron radiation microprobe X-ray fluorescence, coupled with Monte Carlo simulation of the fluorescence process for quantification of the concentrations. The agreement between the measured values and the bulk concentrations of the alloy standards, as measured by the overall fit of the full fluorescence spectrum, was excellent. We measured the concentration of insoluble alloying elements in the matrix of Zircaloy-4 previously annealed to 705 degreesC for 125 h (corresponding to a cumulative annealing parameter (CAP) of 2.1 x 10(-16) h, CAP = Sigma(i) t(i) exp(-Q/RTi) where t(i) is the time (hours) spent at temperature T-i (K) and Q/R = 40000 K) and in the matrix of a ZrSnNbFe alloy with a composition similar to ZIRLO(TM), but annealed at 710 degreesC for 92 h. The matrix concentrations of alloying elements were found to be, Fe = 290 wt. ppm, Cr = 270 wt. ppm in Zircaloy-4 and Fe = 250 wt. ppm in the ZrSnNbFe alloy. These results are discussed in light of other experimental determinations of alloying element concentrations in the literature. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Penn State Univ, Dept Mech & Nucl Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Motta, AT (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Mech & Nucl Engn, 227 Reber Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RI Maser, Jorg/K-6817-2013 NR 37 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 321 IS 2-3 BP 221 EP 232 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(03)00267-8 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 723EZ UT WOS:000185420600013 ER PT J AU Loewen, EP Yount, HJ Volk, K Kumar, A AF Loewen, EP Yount, HJ Volk, K Kumar, A TI Layer formation on metal surfaces in lead-bismuth at high temperatures in presence of zirconium SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID STEEL CORROSION; LIQUID LEAD; OXYGEN; SYSTEMS AB If the operating temperature lead-bismuth cooled fission reactor could be extended to 800 degreesC, they could produce hydrogen directly from water. A key issue for the deployment of this technology at these temperatures is the corrosion of the fuel cladding and structural materials by the lead-bismuth. Corrosion studies of several metals were performed to correlate the interaction layer formation rate as a function of time, temperature, and alloy compositions. The interaction layer is defined as the narrow band between the alloy substrate and the solidified lead-bismuth eutectic on the surface. Coupons of HT-9, 410, 316L, and F22 were tested at 550 and 650 degreesC for 1000 h inside a zirconium corrosion cell. The oxygen potential ranged from approximately 10(-22) to 10(-19) Pa. Analyses were performed on the coupons to determine the depth of the interaction layer and the composition, at each time step (100, 300, and 1000 h). The thickness of the interaction layer on F22 at 550 degreesC was 25.3 mum, the highest of all the alloys tested, whereas at 650 degreesC, the layer thickness was only 5.6 mum, the lowest of all the alloys tested. The growth of the interaction layer on F22 at 650 degreesC was suppressed, owing to the presence of Zr (at 1500 wppm) in the LBE. In the case of 316L, the interaction layers of 4.9 and 10.6 mum were formed at 550 and 650 degreesC, respectively. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. Univ Mississippi, Dept Nucl Engn, Rolla, MO 65409 USA. RP Loewen, EP (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, 2525 Fremont Ave, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. NR 18 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 321 IS 2-3 BP 269 EP 280 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(03)00296-4 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 723EZ UT WOS:000185420600019 ER PT J AU Rest, J AF Rest, J TI The effect of irradiation-induced gas-atom re-solution on grain-boundary bubble growth SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID FISSION-GAS; URANIUM-DIOXIDE; NUCLEAR-FUEL; RELEASE; UO2; MICROSTRUCTURE; PRECIPITATION; PRODUCTS; KINETICS; MODEL AB The rim region of high-burnup fuels is characterized by an exponential growth of intergranular porosity. In particular, the understanding of the dynamics of irradiation-induced recrystallization and subsequent gas-bubble swelling requires a quantitative assessment of the nucleation and growth of grain-boundary bubbles. Calculations of bubble growth on the grain boundaries of irradiated nuclear fuels at relatively low temperatures have, in general, been performed under the assumption that these bubbles are not appreciably affected by irradiation-induced gas-atom resolution. In contrast, matrix bubbles are strongly affected by this bubble shrinkage mechanism and as a consequence are generally two to three orders or more of magnitude smaller than the grain-boundary bubbles. A variational method is used to calculate diffusion from a spherical fuel grain. The junction position of two trial functions is set equal to the bubble gas-atom knock out distance. The effect of grain size, gas-atom re-solution rate and diffusivity, gas-atom knock out distance, and grain-boundary bubble density on the growth of intergranular bubbles is studied, and the conditions under which intergranular bubble growth occurs are elucidated. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Rest, J (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 23 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 321 IS 2-3 BP 305 EP 312 DI 10.1016/S0022-3115(03)00303-9 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 723EZ UT WOS:000185420600023 ER PT J AU Androsch, R Wunderlich, B AF Androsch, R Wunderlich, B TI Specific reversible melting of polyethylene SO JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART B-POLYMER PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE reversible melting and crystallization of polymers; polyethylene (PE); temperature-modulated differential scanning calorimetry (TMDSC); specific reversibility ID DIFFERENTIAL SCANNING CALORIMETRY; TEMPERATURE-MODULATED DSC; HEAT-CAPACITY MEASUREMENTS; EXTENDED-CHAIN CRYSTALS; X-RAY-SCATTERING; LINEAR POLYETHYLENE; SPHERULITIC GROWTH; ALPHA-RELAXATION; THERMAL-ANALYSIS; CRYSTALLIZATION AB The specific reversibility of the crystallization and melting of linear and branched polyethylene has been determined as function of temperature by temperature-modulated differential scanning calorimetry. The specific reversibility of crystallization and melting is defined as the ratio of the reversible enthalpy to the total enthalpy of the transition, both measured at the same temperature. This definition emphasizes a close connection between the reversible and irreversible parts of the transition. As one would expect, the crystal-to-melt transition of a given portion of a sample can only be reversible at a temperature close to its own temperature of irreversible melting. Reversible melting is absent at temperatures far from irreversible melting, and this is usually seen by experimentation as its zero-entropy production melting temperature. The reversible change in the fold length, in contrast, is observed far from the melting temperature of the crystal involved. The specific reversibility of the crystallization and melting of polyethylene crystals may exceed 50% outside the temperature range of the main crystallization and melting. The specific reversibility seems rather independent of the branch concentration, and this points to similar mechanisms of the reversible transition in linear polyethylene of high crystallinity and in branched polyethylene of low crystallinity. The reversible transition is due to a local equilibrium at the crystal surface and is, therefore, largely independent of the overall morphology of the sample. In this study, a model is developed that is based on partial molecular melting, which avoids the need of molecular nucleation and permits, therefore, reversible melting as seen for small molecules in the presence of crystal nuclei. It provides an explanation of the rather large number of the crystals that may participate in reversible melting and allows a connection to the fully reversible crystallization of paraffins and the fully irreversible crystallization of extended-chain crystals of high crystallinity. (C) 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 Univ Halle Wittenberg, Inst Sci Mat, D-06217 Merseburg, Germany. Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Androsch, R (reprint author), Univ Halle Wittenberg, Inst Sci Mat, Geusaer Str, D-06217 Merseburg, Germany. EM rene.androsch@iw.uni-halle.de NR 52 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0887-6266 J9 J POLYM SCI POL PHYS JI J. Polym. Sci. Pt. B-Polym. Phys. PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 41 IS 18 BP 2157 EP 2173 DI 10.1002/polb.10574 PG 17 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 714YJ UT WOS:000184942200007 ER PT J AU Ahrenkiel, RK Johnston, SW AF Ahrenkiel, RK Johnston, SW TI An advanced technique for measuring minority-carrier parameters and defect properties of semiconductors SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING B-SOLID STATE MATERIALS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Spring Meeting of the European-Materials-Research-Society (E-MRS) CY JUN 18-21, 2002 CL STRASBOURG, FRANCE SP European Mat Res Soc DE defect characterization; RCPCD; contactless; recombination lifetime; minority-carrier mobility; deep-level impurities ID RECOMBINATION LIFETIMES; SILICON; CONTAMINATION; SPECTROSCOPY; IMPURITIES AB Rapid and contactless defect characterization is a very desirable goal in most current technologies. We will describe the contactless, resonant-coupled photoconductive decay (RCPCD) technique, as applied to a variety of wafer and thin-film materials. Using this technique, we can measure recombination lifetime over many decades of injection level. We can also measure relative values of minority-carrier mobility and diffusion length. By scanning the excitation wavelength, we can measure spectral response and photoconductive excitation spectra. Deep-level impurities can also be detected by several variations of RCPCD. We will show the general versatility of this technique. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Ahrenkiel, RK (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 24 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5107 J9 MAT SCI ENG B-SOLID JI Mater. Sci. Eng. B-Solid State Mater. Adv. Technol. PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 102 IS 1-3 BP 161 EP 172 DI 10.1016/S0921-5107(02)00639-6 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 718YR UT WOS:000185174800033 ER PT J AU Schrape, M Tributsch, H Klein, MP Wunsch, F Kunst, M AF Schrape, M Tributsch, H Klein, MP Wunsch, F Kunst, M TI Measurement of the microwave Hall effect for the characterization of semiconductors SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING B-SOLID STATE MATERIALS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Spring Meeting of the European-Materials-Research-Society (E-MRS) CY JUN 18-21, 2002 CL STRASBOURG, FRANCE SP European Mat Res Soc DE microwave hall effect; faraday effect; contactless; mobility AB Microwave Hall experiments in a bimodal cavity are presented. The principle of the measurements is elucidated and the experimental set-up is considered. A quantitative evaluation of the measurement data is given. Precise cavity tuning with the help of a rotating sample holder is discussed. Results of measurements on crystalline silicon and pyrite (FeS2) are shown. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Hahn Meitner Inst Berlin GmbH, Bereich SE5, D-14109 Berlin, Germany. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Biodynam, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Wunsch, F (reprint author), Hahn Meitner Inst Berlin GmbH, Bereich SE5, Glienickerstr 100, D-14109 Berlin, Germany. NR 4 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5107 J9 MAT SCI ENG B-SOLID JI Mater. Sci. Eng. B-Solid State Mater. Adv. Technol. PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 102 IS 1-3 BP 409 EP 412 DI 10.1016/S0921-5107(03)00161-2 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 718YR UT WOS:000185174800080 ER PT J AU Menotti, C Smerzi, A Trombettoni, A AF Menotti, C Smerzi, A Trombettoni, A TI Superfluid dynamics of a Bose-Einstein condensate in a periodic potential SO NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID OPTICAL LATTICES; TUNNEL ARRAYS; INSTABILITIES; TRANSITION; INSULATOR; ATOMS AB We investigate the superfluid properties of a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) trapped in a one-dimensional periodic potential. We study, both analytically (in the tight binding limit) and numerically, the Bloch chemical potential, the Bloch energy and the Bogoliubov dispersion relation, and we introduce two different, density dependent, effective masses and group velocities. The Bogoliubov spectrum predicts the existence of sound waves, and the arising of energetic and dynamical instabilities at critical values of the BEC quasi-momentum which dramatically affect its coherence properties. We investigate the dependence of the dipole and Bloch oscillation frequencies in terms of an effective mass averaged over the density of the condensate. We illustrate our results with several animations obtained solving numerically the time-dependent Gross-Pitaevskii equation. C1 Univ Trent, Ist Nazl Fis Mat, BEC CRS, I-38050 Povo, Italy. Univ Trent, Dipartimento Fis, I-38050 Povo, Italy. Univ Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Dipartimento Matemat & Fis, I-25121 Brescia, Italy. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Parma, Ist Nazl Fis Mat, I-43100 Parma, Italy. Univ Parma, Dipartimento Fis, I-43100 Parma, Italy. RP Menotti, C (reprint author), Univ Trent, Ist Nazl Fis Mat, BEC CRS, I-38050 Povo, Italy. NR 33 TC 74 Z9 75 U1 1 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1367-2630 J9 NEW J PHYS JI New J. Phys. PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 5 AR 112 DI 10.1088/1367-2630/5/1/112 PG 20 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 721TZ UT WOS:000185334900001 ER PT J AU Osipiuk, J Walsh, MA Joachimiak, A AF Osipiuk, J Walsh, MA Joachimiak, A TI Crystal structure of MboIIA methyltransferase SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID DNA METHYLTRANSFERASE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; S-ADENOSYLMETHIONINE; ECORI METHYLASE; RESTRICTION; CYTOSINE; PURIFICATION; REFINEMENT; PROTEINS; PROGRAM AB DNA methyltransferases (MTases) are sequence-specific enzymes which transfer a methyl group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine ( AdoMet) to the amino group of either cytosine or adenine within a recognized DNA sequence. Methylation of a base in a specific DNA sequence protects DNA from nucleolytic cleavage by restriction enzymes recognizing the same DNA sequence. We have determined at 1.74 Angstrom resolution the crystal structure of a beta-class DNA MTase MboIIA (M . MboIIA) from the bacterium Moraxella bovis, the smallest DNA MTase determined to date. M . MboIIA methylates the 3' adenine of the pentanucleotide sequence 5'-GAAGA-3'. The protein crystallizes with two molecules in the asymmetric unit which we propose to resemble the dimer when M . MboIIA is not bound to DNA. The overall structure of the enzyme closely resembles that of M . RsrI. However, the cofactor-binding pocket in M . MboIIA forms a closed structure which is in contrast to the open-form structures of other known MTases. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Struct Biol Ctr, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Gdansk, Dept Microbiol, PL-80822 Gdansk, Poland. ESRF, Med Res Council France, F-38043 Grenoble, France. RP Joachimiak, A (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Walsh, Martin/I-1566-2013 OI Walsh, Martin/0000-0001-5683-1151 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM62414, P50 GM062414, P50 GM062414-02] NR 49 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-1048 J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES JI Nucleic Acids Res. PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 31 IS 18 BP 5440 EP 5448 DI 10.1093/nar/gkg713 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 722AY UT WOS:000185353200025 PM 12954781 ER PT J AU Murphy, MB Fuller, ST Richardson, PM Doyle, SA AF Murphy, MB Fuller, ST Richardson, PM Doyle, SA TI An improved method for the in vitro evolution of aptamers and applications in protein detection and purification SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID EXPONENTIAL ENRICHMENT; SYSTEMATIC EVOLUTION; SELECTION; LIGANDS; EXPRESSION; TECHNOLOGY; MOLECULES; INVITRO; CLONING; SCALE AB One of the key components of proteomics initiatives is the production of high affinity ligands or probes that specifically recognize protein targets in assays that detect and capture proteins of interest. Particularly versatile probes with tremendous potential for use as affinity molecules are aptamers. Aptamers are short single-stranded DNA or RNA sequences that are selected in vitro based on affinity for a target molecule. Aptamers offer advantages over traditional antibody-based affinity molecules in their ease of production, regeneration and stability, largely due to the chemical properties of nucleic acids versus amino acids. We describe an improved in vitro selection protocol that relies on magnetic separations for DNA aptamer production that is relatively easy and scalable without the need for expensive robotics. We demonstrate the ability of aptamers that recognize thyroid transcription factor 1 (TTF1) to bind their target protein with high affinity and specificity, and detail their uses in a number of assays. The TTF1 aptamers were characterized using surface plasmon resonance, and shown to be useful for enzyme-linked assays, western blots and affinity purification. C1 DOE Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA. RP Richardson, PM (reprint author), DOE Joint Genome Inst, 2800 Mitchell Dr, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA. NR 26 TC 105 Z9 112 U1 2 U2 39 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-1048 J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES JI Nucleic Acids Res. PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 31 IS 18 AR e110 DI 10.1093/nar/gng110 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 722AY UT WOS:000185353200030 PM 12954786 ER PT J AU Habib, S Molina-Paris, C Deisboeck, TS AF Habib, S Molina-Paris, C Deisboeck, TS TI Complex dynamics of tumors: modeling an emerging brain tumor system with coupled reaction-diffusion equations SO PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article ID EPIDERMAL-GROWTH-FACTOR; HUMAN GLIOMA-CELLS; HUMAN ASTROCYTOMA MIGRATION; SCATTER FACTOR EXPRESSION; FACTOR RECEPTOR COMMON; MATHEMATICAL-MODEL; RAT-BRAIN; MULTICELLULAR SPHEROIDS; EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX; MONOLAYER-CULTURES AB One of the hallmarks of malignant brain tumors is their extensive tissue invasion, which represents a major obstacle for effective treatment. In this paper we specifically model the invasive behavior of such tumors viewed as complex dynamic biosystems. Based on the spatio-temporal patterns seen in an experimental setting for multicellular brain tumor spheroids we propose an invasion-guiding, dynamical profile of heterotype and homotype attractor substances. We present a novel theoretical and numerical framework for a mathematical tumor model composed of a set of coupled reaction-diffusion equations describing chemotactic and haptotactic cell behavior. In particular, our continuum model simulates tumor cell motility guided by the principle of least resistance, most permission and highest attraction. Preliminary numerical results indicate that the computational algorithm is capable of reproducing patterns similar to the experimentally observed behavior. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Warwick, Inst Math, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Div T8, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Leeds, Dept Appl Math, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Harvard MIT HST Athinoula A Martinos Ctr Biomed I, Complex Biosyst Modeling Lab, Charlestown, MA 02129 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Mol Neurooncol Lab, Charlestown, MA 02129 USA. RP Molina-Paris, C (reprint author), Univ Warwick, Inst Math, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. NR 66 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4371 J9 PHYSICA A JI Physica A PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 327 IS 3-4 BP 501 EP 524 DI 10.1016/S0378-4371(03)00391-1 PG 24 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 727YJ UT WOS:000185688200019 ER PT J AU List, FA Specht, ED Heatherly, L Leonard, KJ Sathyamurthy, S Kroeger, DM AF List, FA Specht, ED Heatherly, L Leonard, KJ Sathyamurthy, S Kroeger, DM TI Crystalline phase development during vacuum conversion of thin barium fluoride precursor films on metallic substrates SO PHYSICA C-SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE YBCO; coated conductor; barium fluoride process; in situ X-ray diffraction ID GROWTH; NUCLEATION; YBA2CU3OX; SRTIO3; TAPES AB In situ X-ray diffraction has been used to study the conversion of similar to3000 Angstrom thick, evaporated barium fluoride precursor films to YBCO on buffered metal substrates for a range of conversion time, ramp rate, water vapor pressure, oxygen pressure, and temperature. All films were taken from the same continuously processed tape. Critical current densities as high as 1.34 MA/cm(2) have been obtained for a precursor reaction rate of 2.0 Angstrom/s. Higher reaction rates (up to 17 Angstrom/s) lead to lower critical current densities and incompletely developed YBCO. The reaction rate increases with increasing P-H2O, increasing T, and decreasing P-O2. The reaction rate increases linearly with increasing P-H2O for the range of pressures used here (0.0125-5.0 mTorr). The formation of non-epitaxial YBCO is generally associated with lower T and higher reaction rate, whereas the formation of barium cerate, which results from a reaction of the precursor and the CeO2-capped substrate, is generally associated with higher T and lower reaction rate. General trends in the formation of crystalline phases during conversion may serve as a baseline for development of higher rate conversion processing for thicker, higher performance YBCO. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP List, FA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, POB 2008,Bldg 4500S M-S 6116, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Specht, Eliot/A-5654-2009 OI Specht, Eliot/0000-0002-3191-2163 NR 17 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 391 IS 4 BP 350 EP 362 DI 10.1016/S0921-4534(03)00965-1 PG 13 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 716PH UT WOS:000185037200006 ER PT J AU Kiss, IZ Merkin, JH Neufeld, Z AF Kiss, IZ Merkin, JH Neufeld, Z TI Combustion initiation and extinction in a 2D chaotic flow SO PHYSICA D-NONLINEAR PHENOMENA LA English DT Article DE combustion; chaotic mixing; quenching; stationary flame ID DIFFUSION; ADVECTION; SCATTERING; SYSTEMS AB The evolution of a flame in a reaction-advection-diffusion combustion system in the presence of chaotic stirring by an unsteady laminar fluid flow is considered. Two distinct regimes are found as the stirring rate is increased. When the reaction is slow (or fast stirring) localised temperature perturbations decay-the flame is quenched by the flow. If the reaction is fast (or slow stirring) a localised ignition leads to a stationary flame with complex filamental structure. The width of the filaments depends on the reaction and stirring rates. This problem is investigated numerically in 2D for an open flow system formed by two alternately opened point-vortex-sinks and the results are compared with previous results [Physica D 176 (1-2) (2003) 67-81] from a 1D 'mean-strain' model for the transverse profile of the flame filaments. The system is studied for different Lewis and Damkohler numbers, with a critical Damkohler number being found, dependent on the Lewis number, for the transition from trivial to combustion states. A comparison between time-periodic and steady flow regimes shows that chaotic motion of the fluid elements in the unsteady flow significantly enhances the combustion. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Leeds, Dept Appl Math, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Kiss, IZ (reprint author), Univ Leeds, Dept Appl Math, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. EM istvan@maths.leeds.ac.uk RI Neufeld, Zoltan/C-3008-2011; Kiss, Istvan/C-7392-2014 OI Kiss, Istvan/0000-0003-1473-6644 NR 29 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2789 J9 PHYSICA D JI Physica D PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 183 IS 3-4 BP 175 EP 189 DI 10.1016/S0167-2789(03)00172-6 PG 15 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA 717YU UT WOS:000185119000002 ER PT J AU Ben-Naim, E Krapivsky, PL Redner, S AF Ben-Naim, E Krapivsky, PL Redner, S TI Bifurcations and patterns in compromise processes SO PHYSICA D-NONLINEAR PHENOMENA LA English DT Article DE bifurcations and patterns; compromise process; opinion dynamics model ID PARTICLE-SYSTEMS; PHASE-TRANSITION; MODEL AB We study an opinion dynamics model in which agents reach compromise via pairwise interactions. When the opinions of two agents are sufficiently close, they both acquire the average of their initial opinions; otherwise, they do not interact. Generically, the system reaches a steady state with a finite number of isolated, non-interacting opinion clusters ("parties"). As the initial opinion range increases, the number of such parties undergoes a periodic sequence of bifurcations. Both major and minor parties emerge, and these are organized in alternating pattern. This behavior is illuminated by considering discrete opinion states. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Boston Univ, Ctr Biodynam, Ctr Polymer Studies, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Boston Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA. RP Ben-Naim, E (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Ben-Naim, Eli/C-7542-2009; Krapivsky, Pavel/A-4612-2014 OI Ben-Naim, Eli/0000-0002-2444-7304; NR 38 TC 130 Z9 134 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2789 J9 PHYSICA D JI Physica D PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 183 IS 3-4 BP 190 EP 204 DI 10.1016/S0167-2789(03)00171-4 PG 15 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA 717YU UT WOS:000185119000003 ER PT J AU Szanyi, J Kwak, JH Moline, RA Peden, CHF AF Szanyi, J Kwak, JH Moline, RA Peden, CHF TI The adsorption of NO2 and the NO+O-2 reaction on Na-Y,FAU: an in situ FTIR investigation SO PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID Y-TYPE ZEOLITES; NITRIC OXIDE; IR; COADSORPTION; MORDENITE; CO-ZSM-5; PROBES AB The adsorption of NO and NO2 and the reaction between NO and O(2)were investigated on a Na-Y,FAU zeolite. The interaction between NO and Na-Y is weak and no IR absorption feature is seen upon room temperature adsorption. On the other hand, several NO, species were identified in the adsorption of NOx bonded to Lewis acidic (NO3-, NO2-) and basic sites (NO+ and [NO+][NO2] and [NO+][N2O4]). In the NO + O-2 reaction, N2O3 was formed and adsorbed N2O3 was observed in addition to the species detected upon NO, adsorption. A series of experiments were conducted to unambiguously assign the IR features in the 2000-2120 cm(-1) spectral range. Through reaction and isotopic substitution ((NO)-N-15 and O-18(2)) experiments, these bands were assigned to NO+ adsorbed onto framework O- sites as charge compensating cations. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, William R Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Szanyi, J (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, William R Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, POB 999,MS K8-93, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI Kwak, Ja Hun/J-4894-2014; OI Peden, Charles/0000-0001-6754-9928 NR 25 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 1 U2 14 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1463-9076 J9 PHYS CHEM CHEM PHYS JI Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 5 IS 18 BP 4045 EP 4051 DI 10.1039/b306585e PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 728XB UT WOS:000185740700034 ER PT J AU Azevedo, GD Glover, CJ Ridgway, MC Yu, KM Foran, GJ AF Azevedo, GD Glover, CJ Ridgway, MC Yu, KM Foran, GJ TI Direct evidence of defect annihilation during structural relaxation of amorphous indium phosphide SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ION-IMPLANTATION; III-V; INP; SEMICONDUCTORS; SILICON; EXAFS; SCATTERING; ORDER; GAAS; SI AB Extended x-ray absorption fine structure measurements have been used to characterize the low-temperature, thermally induced structural relaxation of amorphous InP. We show reductions in both chemical and structural disorder associated with homopolar and heteropolar bonding, respectively, are operative during structural relaxation of this amorphous compound semiconductor. The latter is analogous to that observed in the amorphous elemental semiconductors Ge and Si. Though a reduction in homopolar bonding accompanies structural relaxation, the fully relaxed, minimum-energy configuration of the amorphous phase still retains chemical disorder. C1 Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Phys Sci & Engn, Dept Elect Mat Engn, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. Lund Univ, Max Lab, Lund, Sweden. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Australian Nucl Sci & Technol Org, Menai, NSW 2234, Australia. RP Azevedo, GD (reprint author), Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Phys Sci & Engn, Dept Elect Mat Engn, GPO Box 4, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. RI Yu, Kin Man/J-1399-2012; Ridgway, Mark/D-9626-2011; Azevedo, Gustavo/E-9399-2010 OI Yu, Kin Man/0000-0003-1350-9642; Ridgway, Mark/0000-0002-0642-0108; Azevedo, Gustavo/0000-0003-0301-3280 NR 25 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 68 IS 11 AR 115204 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.115204 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 730KE UT WOS:000185829300046 ER PT J AU Bulaevskii, LN Hruska, M Ortiz, G AF Bulaevskii, LN Hruska, M Ortiz, G TI Tunneling measurement of quantum spin oscillations SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID INDIVIDUAL PARAMAGNETIC SPINS; MICROSCOPY; SPECTROSCOPY; RESONANCE AB We consider the problem of tunneling between two leads via a localized spin 1/2 or any other microscopic system (e.g., a quantum dot) which can be modeled by a two-level Hamiltonian. We assume that a constant magnetic field B-0 acts on the spin, that electrons in the leads are in a voltage driven thermal equilibrium, and that the tunneling electrons are coupled to the spin through exchange and spin-orbit interactions. Using the nonequilibrium Keldysh formalism we find the dependence of the spin-spin and current-current correlation functions on the applied voltage between leads V, temperature T, B-0, and on the degree and orientation m(alpha) of spin polarization of the electrons in the right (alpha=R) and left (alpha=L) leads. We show the following (a) The spin-spin correlation function exhibits a peak at the Larmor frequency, omega(L), corresponding to the effective magnetic field B acting upon the spin as determined by B-0 and the exchange field induced by tunneling of spin-polarized electrons. (b) If the m(alpha)'s are not parallel to B the second-order derivative of the average tunneling current I(V) with respect to V is proportional to the spectral density of the spin-spin correlation function, i.e., exhibits a peak at the voltage V=homega(L)/e. (c) In the same situation when V>B the current-current correlation function exhibits a peak at the same frequency. (d) The signal-to-noise (shot-noise) ratio R for this peak reaches a maximum value of order unity, Rless than or equal to4, at large V when the spin is decoupled from the environment and the electrons in both leads are fully polarized in the direction perpendicular to B. (e) R<1 if the electrons are weakly polarized, or if they are polarized in a direction close to B-0, or if the spin interacts with the environment stronger than with the tunneling electrons. Our results of a full quantum-mechanical treatment of the tunneling-via-spin model when V>B are in agreement with those previously obtained in the quasiclassical approach. We discuss also the experimental results observed using scanning tunneling microscopy dynamic probes of the localized spin. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Bulaevskii, LN (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 30 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 68 IS 12 AR 125415 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.125415 PG 17 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 731AG UT WOS:000185861900084 ER PT J AU Goupalov, SV AF Goupalov, SV TI Light scattering on exciton resonance in a semiconductor quantum dot: Exact solution SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article AB We find an exact solution to the problem of light scattering on exciton resonance in a semiconductor quantum dot surrounded by a medium with a given dielectric constant. This enables us to obtain the exciton resonant-frequency renormalization due to the long-range electron-hole exchange interaction and exciton radiative lifetime to any order in the ratio of the quantum dot size to the wavelength of light. We find spatial distribution of the electric field both inside and outside the quantum dot. C1 Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. AF Ioffe Phys Tech Inst, St Petersburg 194021, Russia. RP Goupalov, SV (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 11 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 68 IS 12 AR 125311 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.125311 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 731AG UT WOS:000185861900047 ER PT J AU Ilton, ES deJong, WA Bagus, PS AF Ilton, ES deJong, WA Bagus, PS TI Intra-atomic many-body effects in p-shell photoelectron spectra of Cr3+ ions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID X-RAY PHOTOELECTRON; TRANSITION-METAL IONS; MULTIPLET STRUCTURE; PHOTOEMISSION SPECTRA; BINDING-ENERGIES; VACANCY LEVELS; MECHANISM; XPS; CONSTRAINTS; DISSOLUTION AB A strict ab initio model of the many-body effects for the free Cr3+ ion is developed in order to provide a benchmark for intra-atomic effects in the XP spectra of Cr3+ compounds. The model contains no empirical fits or assumptions and incorporates all intershell and intrashell couplings and recouplings, relativistic orbitals, spin-orbital coupling, the core hole, and Boltzmann weighted averages for initial state spin-orbit split levels. Synthetic Cr 2p and 3p XP spectra are compared to an experimental spectrum of alpha-Cr2O3. The theory for the free Cr ion accounts for important features of the experimental Cr 2p spectrum, including the spin-orbital splitting energy and the Cr 2p(3/2) doublet. In contrast, the theory only accounts for the grossest features of the experimental Cr 3p spectrum. Comparing experiment with theory highlights the importance of both intra-atomic and inter-atomic effects on the XP spectra of Cr3+ compounds. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, MSCF Visualizat & User Serv Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Dept Chem, College Stn, TX 77842 USA. RP Ilton, ES (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, MSIN-K8-96,902 Battelle Blvd,POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI DE JONG, WIBE/A-5443-2008; Bagus, Paul/M-1273-2015 OI DE JONG, WIBE/0000-0002-7114-8315; NR 42 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 14 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 68 IS 12 AR 125106 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.125106 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 731AG UT WOS:000185861900016 ER PT J AU Kim, YH Choi, J Chang, KJ Tomanek, D AF Kim, YH Choi, J Chang, KJ Tomanek, D TI Defective fullerenes and nanotubes as molecular magnets: An ab initio study SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID CARBON; EDGE; RIBBONS; STATES AB Using ab initio spin-density-functional calculations, we investigate the electronic and magnetic structures of a C-60 fullerene during a structural transition to a nanotube segment by a series of Stone-Wales transformations. We find that partly opened intermediate cage structures may acquire a magnetic moment of several Bohr magnetons. Our results offer a possible explanation for the ferromagnetic behavior observed in polymerized C-60 following exposure to high temperatures and pressures, and suggest the use of carbon nanostructures for magnetic measurements. C1 Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, Taejon 305701, South Korea. Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM ykim@nrel.gov; kchang@kaist.ac.kr; tomanek@msu.edu RI Chang, Kee Joo/C-1989-2011; Kim, Yong-Hyun/C-2045-2011; Tomanek, David/B-3275-2009 OI Kim, Yong-Hyun/0000-0003-4255-2068; Tomanek, David/0000-0003-1131-4788 NR 20 TC 96 Z9 100 U1 2 U2 15 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 68 IS 12 AR 125420 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.125420 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 731AG UT WOS:000185861900089 ER PT J AU Krcmar, M Fu, CL AF Krcmar, M Fu, CL TI Structural and electronic properties of BaTiO3 slabs: Mechanism for surface conduction SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID PLANE-WAVE METHOD; THIN-FILMS; DEPOLARIZATION FIELD; FERROELECTRICS; COMPUTATIONS; TRANSITION; STABILITY; SRTIO3 AB The structural and electronic properties of BaTiO3 (001) slabs in paraelectric (PE) phase and ferroelectric (FE) phases with a [001] FE distortion are investigated by first-principles calculations to explore a possible scenario for the surface conduction recently observed in the FE phase. Both TiO2(S1)-TiO2(S2) and TiO2(S1)-BaO(S2) terminated surfaces are considered, where S1 (S2) denotes a top (bottom) slab surface. The PE phase electronic structure possesses fully occupied surface oxygen p states in the bulk band gap, and the empty surface titanium d states at the edge of the bulk conduction band. In the FE phase, both the top surface titanium d state and the bottom surface oxygen p state move into the bulk midgap; the states exchange charge, becoming partially occupied and conducting. The intrinsic carrier layers are formed by a long-range charge transfer from O(S2) to Ti(S1) states. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Krcmar, M (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 27 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 68 IS 11 AR 115404 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.115404 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 730KE UT WOS:000185829300083 ER PT J AU Li, MZ Bartelt, MC Evans, JW AF Li, MZ Bartelt, MC Evans, JW TI Geometry-based simulation of submonolayer film growth SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS; ADATOM CAPTURE; ISLAND GROWTH; NUCLEATION; AGGREGATION; DEPOSITION; SURFACE; ZONES AB A geometry-based simulation (GBS) strategy is developed for modeling film growth, which avoids explicit treatment of the terrace diffusion of adatoms and their aggregation with islands-a computationally expensive component of either atomistic simulation or continuum analysis. GBS characterizes island growth in terms of capture zones (CZ's), and implements simple but realistic geometric rules to incorporate crucial spatial aspects of the island nucleation process, i.e., nucleation nearby CZ boundaries. This approach reliably predicts island size distributions and spatial correlations, and is especially efficient for highly reversible island formation. C1 Iowa State Univ, Dept Math, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, USDOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Chem & Mat Sci, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Li, MZ (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Math, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 20 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 68 IS 12 AR 121401 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.121401 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 731AG UT WOS:000185861900008 ER PT J AU Lyo, SK Huang, DH AF Lyo, SK Huang, DH TI Temperature-dependent magnetoconductance in quantum wires: Effect of phonon scattering SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID IMPURITY-LIMITED MOBILITY; TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; FIELD AB A rigorous numerical formalism is presented for the conductance in quasi-one-dimensional systems dominated by phonon and elastic scattering. The formalism is applied to study the effects of phonon scattering and the interface-roughness scattering at low temperatures (T) on the T-dependent electron conductance in a multilevel single quantum wires (SQWR's) and tunnel-coupled double quantum wires (DQWR's) under a perpendicular magnetic field B. The effect of phonon scattering is significant when the thermal energy k(B)T is comparable to the energy separation between the Fermi level and the nearest unoccupied sublevel in SQWR's and to the tunneling gap energy in DQWR's. While the magnetoconductance decreases with increasing T in general, it displays a strikingly opposite behavior in certain regimes of B and T in DQWR's because of the field-induced separation of the initial and final scattering-state wave functions into the two separate quantum wires. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. USAF, Res Lab AFRL VSSS, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. RP Lyo, SK (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 15 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 68 IS 11 AR 115317 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.115317 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 730KE UT WOS:000185829300069 ER PT J AU Sell, C Christensen, C Tuttle, G Li, ZY Ho, KM AF Sell, C Christensen, C Tuttle, G Li, ZY Ho, KM TI Propagation loss in three-dimensional photonic crystal waveguides with imperfect confinement SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID INFRARED WAVELENGTHS; BENDS; LIGHT; SLABS; BAND AB Perfect confinement and efficient propagation of electromagnetic (EM) waves can be realized in waveguides created into a three-dimensional (3D) layer-by-layer photonic crystal that exhibits a complete band gap. However, the difficulty to build very thick 3D photonic crystals in the fundamental optical and infrared regimes by means of current lithography techniques will induce leakage of EM waves away from the waveguide through limited cladding layers. In order to assess the degradation of the optical properties of these photonic crystal waveguides, we build waveguides in a microwave-frequency 3D layer-by-layer photonic crystal and measure the leakage induced propagation loss. We find that this propagation loss exponentially decays with respect to the thickness of the cladding wall of the waveguide. The measurement results can scale to optical and infrared wavelengths and provide useful information for optimal design of photonic crystal structures in these regimes. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ctr Microelect Res, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Iowa State Univ, Ctr Microelect Res, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 22 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 68 IS 11 AR 113106 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.113106 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 730KE UT WOS:000185829300006 ER PT J AU Shi, W Johnson, JK Cole, MW AF Shi, W Johnson, JK Cole, MW TI Wetting transitions of hydrogen and deuterium on the surface of alkali metals SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MONTE-CARLO SIMULATION; PREWETTING PHASE-DIAGRAM; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; PATH-INTEGRALS; CRITICAL-POINT; TRIPLE-POINT; HELIUM; CESIUM; HE-4; ADSORPTION AB Although wetting transitions have been observed for helium and hydrogen on alkali metal surfaces, no finite temperature, quantum simulation studies of these systems have been able to conclusively locate a wetting transition. This paper presents such calculations for the systems H-2 and D-2 on Rb and Cs, using semiempirical hydrogen-hydrogen interactions and ab initio gas-surface interactions. Comparison with experiment implies that the adsorption potential is similar to10% more attractive than is predicted by current theory. Simulations of H-2 adsorbing on a 15 Angstrom thick film of Rb on Au predict that this system will show a decrease in the wetting temperature of about 1 K compared with H-2 on pure Rb. The simulations reveal that a commonly used "simple model" is surprisingly accurate. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Chem & Petr Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Penn State Univ, Mat Res Inst, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Shi, W (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Chem & Petr Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. RI Johnson, Karl/E-9733-2013 OI Johnson, Karl/0000-0002-3608-8003 NR 48 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 68 IS 12 AR 125401 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.125401 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 731AG UT WOS:000185861900070 ER PT J AU Travesset, A AF Travesset, A TI Universality in the screening cloud of dislocations surrounding a disclination SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID BOND-ORIENTATIONAL ORDER; 2 DIMENSIONS; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; THOMSONS PROBLEM; DEFECTS; MEMBRANES; CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; MONOLAYERS; PATTERNS; SURFACES AB A detailed analytical and numerical analysis for the dislocation cloud surrounding a disclination is presented. The analytical results show that the combined system behaves as a single disclination with an effective charge which can be computed from the properties of the grain boundaries forming the dislocation cloud. Expressions are also given when the crystal is subjected to an external two-dimensional pressure. The analytical results are generalized to a scaling form for the energy which up to core energies is given by the Young modulus of the crystal times a universal function. The accuracy of the universality hypothesis is numerically checked to high accuracy. The numerical approach, based on a generalization from previous work by Seung and Nelson [Phys. Rev. A 38, 1005 (1988)], is interesting on its own and allows to compute the energy for an arbitrary distribution of defects, on an arbitrary geometry with an arbitrary elastic energy with very minor additional computational effort. Some implications for recent experimental, computational, and theoretical work are also discussed. C1 Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Ames Natl Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 41 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 68 IS 11 AR 115421 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.115421 PG 15 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 730KE UT WOS:000185829300100 ER PT J AU von Zimmermann, M Grenier, S Nelson, CS Hill, JP Gibbs, D Blume, M Casa, D Keimer, B Murakami, Y Kao, CC Venkataraman, C Gog, T Tomioka, Y Tokura, Y AF von Zimmermann, M Grenier, S Nelson, CS Hill, JP Gibbs, D Blume, M Casa, D Keimer, B Murakami, Y Kao, CC Venkataraman, C Gog, T Tomioka, Y Tokura, Y TI Reply to "Comment on 'X-ray resonant scattering studies of orbital and charge ordering in Pr1-xCaxMnO3' " SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Editorial Material AB The interpretation given in our recent x-ray scattering study of Pr1-xCaxMnO3 in terms of charge and orbital ordering is questioned in the preceeding Comment by Garcia and Subias. They argue that anisotropy of the charge distribution induced by local distortions gives rise to the so-called charge order reflections. In this Reply we suggest that the two different pictures are reconcilable. C1 DESY, HASYLAB, D-22603 Hamburg, Germany. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, CMC CAT, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Max Planck Inst Festkorperforsch, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. Tohoku Univ, Dept Phys, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA. JRCAT, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050033, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Dept Appl Phys, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. RP von Zimmermann, M (reprint author), DESY, HASYLAB, Notkestr 85, D-22603 Hamburg, Germany. RI Tokura, Yoshinori/C-7352-2009; Grenier, Stephane/N-1986-2014; Casa, Diego/F-9060-2016 OI Grenier, Stephane/0000-0001-8370-7375; NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 68 IS 12 AR 127102 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.127102 PG 2 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 731AG UT WOS:000185861900095 ER PT J AU Wang, LG Zunger, A AF Wang, LG Zunger, A TI Dilute nonisovalent (II-VI)-(III-V) semiconductor alloys: Monodoping, codoping, and cluster doping in ZnSe-GaAs SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID WIDE-BAND GAP; P-TYPE ZNSE; SOLID-SOLUTIONS; TOTAL-ENERGY; ZNO; FABRICATION; UNIPOLARITY; FORMALISM; SYSTEMS; STATES AB A dilute nonisovalent semiconductor alloy, made of a III-V semiconductor component (GaAs) mixed with a II-VI semiconductor (ZnSe), can be viewed as the doping of a host semiconductor with a lower (higher) valent cation and a higher (lower) valent anion. We have investigated different doping types, i.e., monodoping, triatomic codoping, and cluster doping, in the ZnSe-GaAs system using ab initio pseudopotential plane-wave calculations. We find the following: (i) The acceptor dopant clusters are stabilized in a chemical potential range different from that of the donor dopant clusters. This explains the experimental observation that a nonisovalent alloy has a distinct carrier polarity. (ii) Cluster doping, e.g., (Zn-Se-4)(3+) or (Se-Zn-4)(3-) in GaAs, is predicted to be stable at extreme chemical potential limits, and also to contribute free carriers. (iii) Triatomic codoping is predicted to be thermodynamically unstable. (iv) Cluster doping produces shallower acceptor/donor levels than monodoping and triatomic codoping. (v) There is a strong attractive interaction between positively charged donors and negatively charged acceptors. Therefore, a high concentration of the charge-neutral dopant pairs exists in the alloy. This finding explains why free carriers in a nonisovalent alloy have a high mobility. (vi) Our results also explain the asymmetric dependence of the band gap on the alloy composition. Specifically, adding a small amount of Ga+As into ZnSe leads to a sharp drop in the band gap of the host crystal, whereas adding Zn+Se into GaAs does not change the band gap very much. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Wang, LG (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RI Zunger, Alex/A-6733-2013 NR 29 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 68 IS 12 AR 125211 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.125211 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 731AG UT WOS:000185861900035 ER PT J AU Chacko, Z Murayama, H Perelstein, M AF Chacko, Z Murayama, H Perelstein, M TI Preheating in supersymmetric theories SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID ENERGY COSMIC-RAYS; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; INFLATION; MAXIMA-1; UNIVERSE; DECAY AB We examine the particle production via preheating at the end of inflation in supersymmetric theories. The inflaton and matter scalars are now necessarily complex fields, and their relevant interactions are restricted by holomorphy. In general this leads to major changes both in inflaton dynamics and in the efficiency of the preheating process. In addition, supersymmetric models generically contain multiple isolated vacua, raising the possibility of non-thermal production of dangerous topological defects. Because of these effects, the success of leptogenesis or wimpzilla production via preheating depends much more sensitively on the detailed parameters in the inflaton sector than previously thought. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Theory Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Chacko, Z (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Theory Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Murayama, Hitoshi/A-4286-2011 NR 34 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 68 IS 6 AR 063515 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.68.063515 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 730KP UT WOS:000185830200029 ER PT J AU Jiles, DC Lo, CCH AF Jiles, DC Lo, CCH TI The role of new materials in the development of magnetic sensors and actuators SO SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th European Magnetic Sensor and Actuators Conference CY JUL 03-05, 2002 CL ATHENS, GREECE DE actuators; magnetic sensors; magnetic-martensitic materials ID FIELD-INDUCED STRAIN; SHAPE-MEMORY ALLOYS; MARTENSITIC PHASE; GD-5(SIXGE1-X)(4); MAGNETOSTRICTION AB Broadly magnetic sensors and actuators rely on only a few basic principles. These include the law of induction, for magneto-inductive devices; the Ampere force law, for magnetomechanical sensors; and changes in materials properties under the action of a magnetic field, such as magnetoresistance, magneto-optics or magnetoelasticity for sensors based on magnetoelectronics (Proceedings of the 5th Conference on Magnetic Materials, Measurements and Modeling: symposium on magnetic sensors materials and devices, Ames, Iowa, USA, May 16-17, 2002). The identification and characterization of new materials with enhanced magnetic properties is important for the development of improved sensors and actuators. In some cases the identification of new materials can open up new applications for magnetic sensors and actuators which were previously not possible. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ctr Nondestruct Evaluat, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Jiles, DC (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RI Jiles, David/H-9548-2012 NR 17 TC 54 Z9 55 U1 2 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0924-4247 J9 SENSOR ACTUAT A-PHYS JI Sens. Actuator A-Phys. PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 106 IS 1-3 BP 3 EP 7 DI 10.1016/S0924-4247(03)00255-3 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 713FZ UT WOS:000184847600002 ER PT J AU Fernandez, AM Turner, JA AF Fernandez, AM Turner, JA TI Preparation and photocharacterization of Cu-Sb-Se films by electrodeposition technique SO SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS LA English DT Article DE electrodeposition; ternary semiconductor; copper-antimony-selenide ID SB2SE3 THIN-FILMS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE AB Ternary semiconductor Cu-Sb-Se films were grown on 304 stainless-steel/Cr and ITO-glass using a combination of electrodeposition and chemical bath techniques. The samples were annealed in a N(2) atmosphere at various temperatures and characterized by X-ray, electron probe microanalysis, current-voltage, capacitance-voltage and photocurrent spectroscopy. Photoelectrochemical studies were used to determinate the flat-band potential and the doping density of the material. These data lead to energetic considerations on the applicability of the Cu-Sb-Se electrode in the photoelectrochemical decomposition of water. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, CIE, Dept Mat Solares, Ctr Invest Energia, Temixco 62580, Morelos, Mexico. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Fernandez, AM (reprint author), Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, CIE, Dept Mat Solares, Ctr Invest Energia, Temixco 62580, Morelos, Mexico. EM afm@cie.unam.nix NR 8 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 4 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-0248 J9 SOL ENERG MAT SOL C JI Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 79 IS 3 BP 391 EP 399 DI 10.1016/S0927-0248(02)00474-9 PG 9 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA 720NF UT WOS:000185266300011 ER PT J AU Felton, JS Knize, MG Malfatti, MA Kulp, KS AF Felton, JS Knize, MG Malfatti, MA Kulp, KS TI Interaction between environmental toxicants and dietary mutagens: their impact on the development of cancer SO TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 5th Congress of Toxicology in Developing Countries CY OCT 10-13, 2003 CL GUILIN, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Chinese Soc Toxicol, Int Union Toxicol C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biol & Biotechnol Res Program, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0300-483X J9 TOXICOLOGY JI Toxicology PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 191 IS 1 BP 7 EP 8 PG 2 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 725LM UT WOS:000185544700018 ER PT J AU Meng, QX Hackfeld, LC Hodge, RP Walker, V AF Meng, QX Hackfeld, LC Hodge, RP Walker, V TI Comparison of the mutagenicity of stereochemical forms of 1,2;3,4-diepoxybutane at HPRT and TK loci in human cells and rodents SO TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 5th Congress of Toxicology in Developing Countries CY OCT 10-13, 2003 CL GUILIN, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Chinese Soc Toxicol, Int Union Toxicol C1 Battelle Toxicol NW, Richland, WA USA. Univ Texas, Med Branch, Galveston, TX 77550 USA. Lovelace Resp Res Inst, Albuquerque, NM USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0300-483X J9 TOXICOLOGY JI Toxicology PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 191 IS 1 BP 36 EP 37 PG 2 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 725LM UT WOS:000185544700106 ER PT J AU Regunathan, A Glesne, DA Wilson, AK Song, JW Nicolae, D Flores, T Bhattacharyya, MH AF Regunathan, A Glesne, DA Wilson, AK Song, JW Nicolae, D Flores, T Bhattacharyya, MH TI Microarray analysis of changes in bone cell gene expression early after cadmium gavage in mice SO TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cadmium; bone; gene expression microarray; northern analysis; mouse ID EMBRYONIC CHICK BONE; IMMEDIATE-EARLY GENE; ACTIVATED PROTEIN-KINASE; I/II-NULL MICE; TISSUE-CULTURE; TRANSCRIPTIONAL ACTIVATION; OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE; DIETARY-CADMIUM; MOUSE CALVARIA; WILD-TYPE AB We developed an in vivo model for cadmium-induced bone loss in which mice excrete bone mineral in feces beginning 8 h after cadmium gavage. Female mice of three strains [CF1, MTN (metallothionein-wild-type), and MT1,2KO (MT1,2-deficient)] were placed on a low-calcium diet for 2 weeks. Each mouse was gavaged with 200 mug Cd or vehicle only. Fecal calcium was monitored daily for 9 days, beginning 4 days before cadmium gavage, to document the bone response. For CF1 mice, bones were taken from four groups: +/- Cd, 2 It after Cd and +/- Cd, 4 h after Cd. MTN and MT1,2KO strains had two groups each: +/-Cd, 4 h after Cd. PolyA+ RNA preparations from marrow-free shafts of femura and tibiae of each +/- Cd pair were submitted to Incyte Genomics for microarray analysis. Fecal Ca results showed that bone calcium excreted after cadmium differed for the three mouse strains: CFI, 0.24 +/- 0.08 mg; MTN, 0.92 +/- 0.22 mg; and MT1,2KO, 1.7 +/- 0.4 mg. Gene array results showed that nearly all arrayed genes were unaffected by cadmium. However, MT1 and MT2 had Cd+/Cd- expression, ratios >1 in all four groups, while all ratios for MT3 were essentially 1, showing specificity. Both probes for MAPK 14 (p38 MAPK) had expression ratios >1, while no other MAPK responded to cadmium. Vacuolar proton pump ATPase and integrin alpha v (osteoclast genes), transferrin receptor, and src-like adaptor protein genes were stimulated by Cd; other src-related genes were unaffected. Genes for bone formation, stress response, growth factors, and signaling molecules showed little or no response to cadmium. Results support the hypothesis that Cd stimulates bone demineralization via a p38 MAPK pathway involving osteoclast activation. (C) 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Benedictine Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Lisle, IL 60523 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Stat, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Bhattacharyya, MH (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. FU NIEHS NIH HHS [ES04816] NR 85 TC 46 Z9 48 U1 1 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0041-008X J9 TOXICOL APPL PHARM JI Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. PD SEP 15 PY 2003 VL 191 IS 3 BP 272 EP 293 DI 10.1016/S0041-008X(03)00163-7 PG 22 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 725EU UT WOS:000185531500009 PM 13678660 ER PT J AU Owen, SJ Shephard, MS AF Owen, SJ Shephard, MS TI Special issue on trends in unstructured mesh generation SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN ENGINEERING LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Troy, NY 12181 USA. RP Owen, SJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0029-5981 J9 INT J NUMER METH ENG JI Int. J. Numer. Methods Eng. PD SEP 14 PY 2003 VL 58 IS 2 BP 159 EP 160 DI 10.1002/nme.763 PG 2 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Engineering; Mathematics GA 720DB UT WOS:000185245300001 ER PT J AU Knupp, PM AF Knupp, PM TI A method for hexahedral mesh shape optimization SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN ENGINEERING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Symposium on Trends in Unstructured Mesh Generation CY AUG 01-04, 2001 CL DEARBORN, MICHIGAN DE mesh smoothing; mesh optimization; hexahedral meshing; condition number; mesh quality ID QUALITY METRICS AB Methods for improving the quality of all-hexahedral unstructured meshes by node-movement strategies have, until recently, been lacking. Laplacian smoothing, while easily implemented and well-known, fails to guarantee improvement of mesh quality and may result in inverted elements where none existed before. A method for improving unstructured hexahedral mesh shape-quality that guarantees untangled elements is proposed. The method is based on optimization of all objective function built from the quality of individual hexahedral elements. The shape-quality measure for hexahedral elements is based on the condition number of a set of Jacobian metrics associated with the element. The theory of the condition number quality metric and of the objective function are reviewed. A numerical optimization procedure to find the improved-quality mesh is described. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the robustness of the method. We do so by giving a realistic example. The method has also been successfully applied to dozens of meshes on complex geometries. Published in 2003 by John Wiley Soils. Ltd. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Parallel Comp Sci Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Knupp, PM (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Parallel Comp Sci Dept, M-S 0847,POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 22 TC 56 Z9 59 U1 0 U2 9 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0029-5981 J9 INT J NUMER METH ENG JI Int. J. Numer. Methods Eng. PD SEP 14 PY 2003 VL 58 IS 2 BP 319 EP 332 DI 10.1002/nme.768 PG 14 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Engineering; Mathematics GA 720DB UT WOS:000185245300010 ER PT J AU Owen, SJ White, DR AF Owen, SJ White, DR TI Mesh-based geometry SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN ENGINEERING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Symposium on Trends in Unstructured Mesh Generation CY AUG 01-04, 2001 CL DEARBORN, MICHIGAN DE geometry reconstruction; faceted models; non-manifold topology; automatic finite-element mesh generation; boundary representation ID GENERATION; ALGORITHM AB A systematic approach to building a complete geometric and topologic representation of a model given only the finite element (FE) description is proposed. The objective of the proposed system is to provide a geometry foundation for existing finite element based models so that standard mesh generation tools can be used without requiring CAD-based modelling systems such as ACIS or other proprietary commercial tools. To accomplish this, a method for extracting topology from the FE model is proposed. Topology entities including volumes, surfaces, curves and vertices are built based on user-defined boundary conditions and surface features. Curve and surface geometry is described by either linear triangular facets or G(1) continuous 4th-order Bezier patches. Integration of the proposed mesh-based geometry (MBG) system into an existing mesh generation toolkit is described. Sample applications and examples of MBG are presented. Published in 2003 by John Wiley Sons, Ltd. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. RP Owen, SJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 20 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0029-5981 J9 INT J NUMER METH ENG JI Int. J. Numer. Methods Eng. PD SEP 14 PY 2003 VL 58 IS 2 BP 375 EP 395 DI 10.1002/nme.773 PG 21 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Engineering; Mathematics GA 720DB UT WOS:000185245300013 ER PT J AU Lee, YN Weber, R Ma, Y Orsini, D Maxwell-Meier, K Blake, D Meinardi, S Sachse, G Harward, C Chen, TY Thornton, D Tu, FH Bandy, A AF Lee, YN Weber, R Ma, Y Orsini, D Maxwell-Meier, K Blake, D Meinardi, S Sachse, G Harward, C Chen, TY Thornton, D Tu, FH Bandy, A TI Airborne measurement of inorganic ionic components of fine aerosol particles using the particle-into-liquid sampler coupled to ion chromatography technique during ACE-Asia and TRACE-P SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article DE aerosol; composition; PILS; TRACE-P; ACE-Asia ID HYDROCARBONS; TROPOSPHERE; EMISSION AB Eight inorganic ions in fine aerosol particles (D-p < 1.3 mm) were measured on board the NCAR C130 and NASA P-3B aircraft during the 2001 Aerosol Characterization Experiment (ACE)-Asia and the Transport and Chemical Evolution over the Pacific (TRACE-P) experiments, respectively. Concentrations of NH4+, SO42-, NO3-, Ca2+, K+, Mg2+, Na+, and Cl- were determined using a particle-into-liquid sampler coupled to ion chromatography (PILS-IC) technique at a 4-min resolution and a limit of detection <0.05 mu g m(-3). The maximum total ion concentrations observed on the C130 and the P-3B were 27 mu g m(-3) and 84 mu g m(-3), respectively. During ACE-Asia, NH4+ and SO42- dominated, with the dust-derived Ca2+ contributing nearly equally as SO42- in mixing ratios. The sea-salt-derived Na+ and Cl- were comparable to biomass-burning tracer K+, showing >1 ppbv only in the top 1% sample population. During TRACE- P, NH4+ dominated, followed by SO42-, Cl-, Na+, NO3-, Ca2+, and K+, in decreasing order of importance. In addition to a sea-salt origin, Cl- showed a source in urban emissions possibly related to biofuel combustion. Both sea salt and dust contributed to Mg2+. In both experiments, NH4+, SO42-, NO3-, and CO were strongly correlated, indicating that combustion was the dominant source of these species and that NH3 and other alkaline materials were in sufficient supply to neutralize H2SO4. The [NH4+] to ([NO3-] + 2[SO42-]) ratio was similar to0.70 in the two campaigns, with deviations found only in volcano plumes, whereby SO42- was found to correlate with SO2. Charge balance of the ions showed both positive and negative deviations whose magnitudes, similar to30%, provide estimates of the lower limits of unmeasured ions. Elevated NO3- and Ca2+ coexist mainly under polluted conditions, suggesting the importance of sequestering HNO3 by mineral dust. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Div Atmospher Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Chem, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. Acad Sinica, Environm Change Res Project, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. Drexel Univ, Dept Chem, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Lee, YN (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Div Atmospher Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM ynlee@bnl.gov NR 20 TC 40 Z9 42 U1 3 U2 17 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD SEP 13 PY 2003 VL 108 IS D23 AR 8646 DI 10.1029/2002JD003265 PG 14 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 775AG UT WOS:000189018100001 ER PT J AU Schnier, JB Nishi, K Monks, A Gorin, FA Bradbury, EM AF Schnier, JB Nishi, K Monks, A Gorin, FA Bradbury, EM TI Inhibition of glycogen phosphorylase (GP) by CP-91,149 induces growth inhibition correlating with brain GP expression SO BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE brain glycogen phosphorylase; CP-91,149; tumor; cancer; cell cycle; glioma; colony stimulating factor alpha ID TUMOR-CELL-LINES; HUMAN-LIVER; SELECTIVE INHIBITOR; ALLOSTERIC SITE; DIVERSE PANEL; IN-VIVO; PROTEIN; KINASE; PATTERNS; MUSCLE AB The role of glycogenolysis in normal and cancer cells was investigated by inhibiting glycogen phosphorylase (GP) with the synthetic inhibitor CP-91,149. A549 non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) cells express solely the brain isozyme of GP, which was inhibited by CP-91,149 with an IC50 of 0.5 muM. When treated with CP-91,149, A549 cells accumulated glycogen with associated growth retardation. Treated normal skin fibroblasts also accumulated glycogen with G1-cell cycle arrest that was associated with inhibition of cyclin E-CDK2 activity. Overall, cells expressing high levels of brain GP were growth inhibited by CP-91,149 correlating with glycogen accumulation whereas cells expressing low levels of brain GP were not affected by the drug. Analyses of 59 tumor cell lines represented in the NCI drug screen identified that every cell line expressed brain GP but the profile was dominated by a few highly GP expressing cell lines with lower than mean GP-a enzymatic activities. The correlation program, COMPARE, identified that the brain GP protein measured in the NCI cell lines corresponded with brain GP mRNA expression, ADP-ribosyltransferase 3, and colony stimulating factor 2 receptor alpha in the 10,000 gene microarray database with similar correlation coefficients. These results suggest that brain GP is present in proliferating cells and that high protein levels correspond with the ability of CP-91,149 to inhibit cell growth. (C) 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Sch Med, Dept Biol Chem, Davis, CA 95616 USA. SAIC Frederick, DTP Screening Technol Branch, Frederick, MD USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Neurol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Ctr Neurosci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Schnier, JB (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Sch Med, Dept Biol Chem, Tupper Hall,1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. FU NINDS NIH HHS [5R01 NS040489-03] NR 36 TC 27 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0006-291X J9 BIOCHEM BIOPH RES CO JI Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. PD SEP 12 PY 2003 VL 309 IS 1 BP 126 EP 134 DI 10.1016/S0006-291X(03)01542-0 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 718WA UT WOS:000185168400020 PM 12943673 ER PT J AU Rodriguez, JA Perez, M Jirsak, T Evans, J Hrbek, J Gonzalez, L AF Rodriguez, JA Perez, M Jirsak, T Evans, J Hrbek, J Gonzalez, L TI Activation of Au nanoparticles on oxide surfaces: reaction of SO2 with Au/MgO(100) SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GOLD PARTICLES; ELECTRONIC-PROPERTIES; CO OXIDATION; ADSORPTION; TIO2(110); CATALYSIS; MGO(100); CHEMISTRY; MOLECULES; TITANIA AB Photoemission, thermal desorption spectroscopy and density-functional calculations were used to study the chemistry Of SO2 on Au nanoparticles supported on MgO(1 0 0). The heat of adsorption of the molecule on the Au nanoparticles is similar to 15 kcal/mol compared to 8 kcal for SO2 on Au(I 11). corner sites in the An nanoparticles are responsible for this difference in reactivity. The dissociation Of SO2 on Au/MgO(1 0 0) is very limited due to weak Au <----> MgO interactions. A comparison of the behavior of SO2 on Au/MgO(1 0 0) and Au/TiO2(110) shows how important can be the effects of the oxide support for the activation of An nanoparticles. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Cent Univ Venezuela, Fac Ciencias, Caracas 1020A, Venezuela. RP Rodriguez, JA (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Hrbek, Jan/I-1020-2013 NR 35 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD SEP 12 PY 2003 VL 378 IS 5-6 BP 526 EP 532 DI 10.1016/S0009-2614(03)01341-1 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 722XB UT WOS:000185402400011 ER PT J AU Binz, SK Lao, Y Lowry, DF Wold, MS AF Binz, SK Lao, Y Lowry, DF Wold, MS TI The phosphorylation domain of the 32-kDa subunit of replication protein a (RPA) modulates RPA-DNA interactions - Evidence for an intersubunit interaction SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SINGLE-STRANDED-DNA; 70 KDA SUBUNIT; NUCLEOTIDE EXCISION-REPAIR; SIMIAN VIRUS-40 DNA; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; BINDING PROTEIN; 70-KDA SUBUNIT; FUNCTIONAL DOMAINS; DAMAGE CHECKPOINTS; HELA-CELLS AB Replication protein A (RPA) is a heterotrimeric (subunits of 70, 32, and 14 kDa) single-stranded DNA-binding protein that is required for DNA replication, recombination, and repair. The 40-residue N-terminal domain of the 32-kDa subunit of RPA (RPA32) becomes phosphorylated during S-phase and after DNA damage. Recently it has been shown that phosphorylation or the addition of negative charges to this N-terminal phosphorylation domain modulates RPA-protein interactions and increases cell sensitivity to DNA damage. We found that addition of multiple negative charges to the N-terminal phosphorylation domain also caused a significant decrease in the ability of a mutant form of RPA to destabilize double-stranded (ds) DNA. Kinetic studies suggested that the addition of negative charges to the N-terminal phosphorylation domain caused defects in both complex formation ( nucleation) and subsequent destabilization of dsDNA by RPA. We conclude that the N-terminal phosphorylation domain modulates RPA interactions with dsDNA. Similar changes in DNA interactions were observed with a mutant form of RPA in which the N-terminal domain of the 70-kDa subunit was deleted. This suggested a functional link between the N-terminal domains of the 70- and 32-kDa subunits of RPA. NMR experiments provided evidence for a direct interaction between the N-terminal domain of the 70- kDa subunit and the negatively charged N-terminal phosphorylation domain of RPA32. These findings suggest that phosphorylation causes a conformational change in the RPA complex that regulates RPA function. C1 Univ Iowa, Coll Med, Dept Biochem, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Wold, MS (reprint author), Univ Iowa, Coll Med, Dept Biochem, 51 Newton Rd, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. RI Wold, Marc/F-5806-2010 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM4471] NR 59 TC 69 Z9 69 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD SEP 12 PY 2003 VL 278 IS 37 BP 35584 EP 35591 DI 10.1074/jbc.M305388200 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 718UG UT WOS:000185164400102 PM 12819197 ER PT J AU Vay, SA Woo, JH Anderson, BE Thornhill, KL Blake, DR Westberg, DJ Kiley, CM Avery, MA Sachse, GW Streets, DG Tsutsumi, Y Nolf, SR AF Vay, SA Woo, JH Anderson, BE Thornhill, KL Blake, DR Westberg, DJ Kiley, CM Avery, MA Sachse, GW Streets, DG Tsutsumi, Y Nolf, SR TI Influence of regional-scale anthropogenic emissions on CO2 distributions over the western North Pacific SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article DE carbon dioxide; Asian emissions; CO2 flux ID TROPOSPHERIC CARBON-DIOXIDE; LONG-RANGE TRANSPORT; PEM-WEST; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; AIRBORNE OBSERVATIONS; HYDROCARBON RATIOS; AIR MASSES; JAPAN; ASIA; BASIN AB [ 1] We report here airborne measurements of atmospheric CO2 over the western North Pacific during the March-April 2001 Transport and Chemical Evolution over the Pacific ( TRACE-P) mission. The CO2 spatial distributions were notably influenced by cyclogenesis-triggered transport of regionally polluted continental air masses. Examination of the CO2 to C2H2/CO ratio indicated rapid outflow of combustion-related emissions in the free troposphere below 8 km. Although the highest CO2 mixing ratios were measured within the Pacific Rim region, enhancements were also observed further east over the open ocean at locations far removed from surface sources. Near the Asian continent, discrete plumes encountered within the planetary boundary layer contained up to 393 ppmv of CO2. Coincident enhancements in the mixing ratios of C2Cl4, C2H2, and C2H4 measured concurrently revealed combustion and industrial sources. To elucidate the source distributions of CO2, an emissions database for Asia was examined in conjunction with the chemistry and 5-day backward trajectories that revealed the WNW/W sector of northeast Asia was a major contributor to these pollution events. Comparisons of NOAA/CMDL and JMA surface data with measurements obtained aloft showed a strong latitudinal gradient that peaked between 35degrees and 40degreesN. We estimated a net CO2 flux from the Asian continent of approximately 13.93 Tg C day(-1) for late winter/early spring with the majority of the export ( 79%) occurring in the lower free troposphere ( 2-8 km). The apportionment of the flux between anthropogenic and biospheric sources was estimated at 6.37 Tg C day(-1) and 7.56 Tg C day(-1), respectively. C1 NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. Univ Iowa, Ctr Global & Reg Environm Res, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Sci Applicat Int Corp, Hampton, VA 23666 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Chem, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Florida State Univ, Dept Meteorol, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Decis & Informat Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Japan Meteorol Agcy, Div Atmospher Environm, Chiyoda Ku, Tokyo 1008122, Japan. Comp Sci Corp, Hampton, VA 23666 USA. RP NASA, Langley Res Ctr, MS 483, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. EM a.vay@larc.nasa.gov; woojh21@cgrer.uiowa.edu; b.e.anderson@larc.nasa.gov; k.l.thornhill@larc.nasa.gov; dblake@orion.oac.uci.edu; d.j.westberg@larc.nasa.gov; ckiley@met.fsu.edu; m.a.avery@larc.nasa.gov; g.w.sachse@larc.nasa.gov; dstreets@anl.gov; y-tsutsumi@met.kishou.go.jp; snolf@csc.com NR 47 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X EI 2169-8996 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD SEP 12 PY 2003 VL 108 IS D20 AR 8801 DI 10.1029/2002JD003094 PG 14 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 775AC UT WOS:000189017700001 ER PT J AU Das, R Kwok, LW Millett, IS Bai, Y Mills, TT Jacob, J Maskel, GS Seifert, S Mochrie, SGJ Thiyagarajan, P Doniach, S Pollack, L Herschlag, D AF Das, R Kwok, LW Millett, IS Bai, Y Mills, TT Jacob, J Maskel, GS Seifert, S Mochrie, SGJ Thiyagarajan, P Doniach, S Pollack, L Herschlag, D TI The fastest global events in RNA folding: Electrostatic relaxation and tertiary collapse of the tetrahymena ribozyme SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE RNA folding; time-resolved small-angle X-ray scattering; molten globule; electrostatic relaxation; burst phase ID X-RAY-SCATTERING; MOLTEN-GLOBULE STATE; THERMOPHILA RIBOZYME; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; STRUCTURED RNA; KINETIC TRAPS; PROTEIN; DNA; INTERMEDIATE; ATTRACTION AB Large RNAs can collapse into compact conformations well before the stable formation of the tertiary contacts that define their final folds. This study identifies likely physical mechanisms driving these early compaction events in RNA folding. We have employed time-resolved small-angle X-ray scattering to monitor the fastest global shape changes of the Tetrahymena ribozyme under different ionic conditions and with RNA mutations that remove long-range tertiary contacts. A partial collapse in each of the folding time-courses occurs within tens of milliseconds with either monovalent or divalent cations. Combined with comparison to predictions from structural models, this observation suggests a relaxation of the RNA to a more compact but denatured conformational ensemble in response to enhanced electrostatic screening at higher ionic concentrations. Further, the results provide evidence against counterion-correlation-mediated attraction between RNA double helices, a recently proposed model for early collapse. A previous study revealed a second 100 ms phase of collapse to a globular state. Surprisingly, we find that progression to this second early folding intermediate requires RNA sequence motifs that eventually mediate native long-range tertiary interactions, even though these regions of the RNA were observed to be solvent-accessible in previous footprinting studies under similar conditions. These results help delineate an analogy between the early conformational changes in RNA folding and the "burst phase" changes and molten globule formation in protein folding. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Biochem, Sch Med, Beckman Ctr, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Cornell Univ, Sch Appl & Engn Phys, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Chem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Biophys Program, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Thiyagarajan, P (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM08267, GM49243]; NINDS NIH HHS [NS40132] NR 54 TC 97 Z9 102 U1 0 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0022-2836 J9 J MOL BIOL JI J. Mol. Biol. PD SEP 12 PY 2003 VL 332 IS 2 BP 311 EP 319 DI 10.1016/S0022-2836(03)00854-4 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 721FQ UT WOS:000185306700002 PM 12948483 ER PT J AU Paaventhan, P Joseph, JS Seow, SV Vaday, S Robinson, H Chua, KY Kolatkar, PR AF Paaventhan, P Joseph, JS Seow, SV Vaday, S Robinson, H Chua, KY Kolatkar, PR TI A 1.7 angstrom structure of Fve, a member of the new fungal immunomodulatory protein family SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE fungal immunomodulatory protein; FNIII fold; pseudo-h-topology; lectin; 3-D domain swapping ID MUSHROOM FLAMMULINA-VELUTIPES; CONSERVED PROLINE RESIDUES; AMINO-ACID-SEQUENCE; LING ZHI-8 LZ-8; VOLVARIELLA-VOLVACEA; GANODERMA-LUCIDIUM; EDIBLE MUSHROOM; FRUITING BODIES; TYROSINE CORNER; DOMAIN AB Fve, a major fruiting body protein from Flammulina velutipes, a mushroom possessing immunomodulatory activity, stimulates lymphocyte mitogenesis, suppresses systemic anaphylaxis reactions and edema, enhances transcription of IL-2, IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha, and hemagglutinates red blood cells. It appears to be a lectin with specificity for complex cell-surface carbohydrates. Fve is a non-covalently linked homodimer containing no Cys, His or Met residues. It shares sequence similarity only to the other fungal immunomodulatory proteins (FIPs) LZ-8, Gts, Vvo and Vvl, all of unknown structure. The 1.7 Angstrom structure of Fve solved by single anomalous diffraction of NaBr-soaked crystals is novel: each monomer consists of an N-terminal alpha-helix followed by a fibronectin III (FNIII) fold. The FNIII fold is the first instance of "pseudo-h-type" topology, a transition between the seven beta-stranded s-type and the eight beta-stranded h-type topologies. The structure suggests that dimerization, critical for the activity of FIPs, occurs by 3-D domain swapping of the N-terminal helices and is stabilized predominantly by hydrophobic interactions. The structure of Fve is the first in this lectin family to be reported, and the first of an FNIII domain-containing protein of fungal origin. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Genome Inst Singapore, Singapore 117528, Singapore. Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Paediat, Singapore 199260, Singapore. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Kolatkar, PR (reprint author), Genome Inst Singapore, 1 Sci Pk Rd,Capricorn,Sci Pk 2, Singapore 117528, Singapore. NR 49 TC 50 Z9 59 U1 1 U2 7 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0022-2836 J9 J MOL BIOL JI J. Mol. Biol. PD SEP 12 PY 2003 VL 332 IS 2 BP 461 EP 470 DI 10.1016/S0022-2836(03)00923-9 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 721FQ UT WOS:000185306700014 PM 12948495 ER PT J AU Turner, L AF Turner, L TI Cross correlations in nonlinear dynamics SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A-MATHEMATICAL AND GENERAL LA English DT Article ID RANDOM-PHASE; TURBULENCE; MECHANICS; FLUID AB It is commonly assumed that in statistical closures describing fluid or magnetohydrodynamic turbulence, the only ingredient needed for an understanding of the turbulent evolution is the energy spectrum. This assumption is shown to be valid only in very special cases. The key feature invalidating the unique significance of the energy spectrum is the existence of more than one non-vanishing quadratic invariant for a non-dissipative system, such as the presence of non-zero energy and helicity invariants. The latter plays a key role in the evolution of a turbulent MHD dynamo. These results have serious implications for the development of practical closures for inhomogeneous turbulence. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Turner, L (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0305-4470 J9 J PHYS A-MATH GEN JI J. Phys. A-Math. Gen. PD SEP 12 PY 2003 VL 36 IS 36 BP L481 EP L488 AR PII S0305-4470(03)62557-6 DI 10.1088/0305-4470/36/36/102 PG 8 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 728HZ UT WOS:000185712900002 ER PT J AU Batista, CD Shastry, BS AF Batista, CD Shastry, BS TI Hubbard model on decorated lattices SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GROUND-STATE; URU2SI2; ORDER AB We introduce a family of lattices for which the Hubbard model and its natural extensions can be quasiexactly solved, i.e., solved for the ground and low energy states. In particular, we show rigorously that the ground state of the Hubbard model with off-site Coulomb repulsions on a decorated Kagome lattice is an ordered array of local currents. The low energy theory describing this chiral state is an S=1/2 XY model, where each spin degree of freedom represents the two possible chiralities of each local current. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Indian Inst Sci, Dept Phys, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India. JNCASR, Bangalore, Karnataka, India. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Batista, Cristian/J-8008-2016 NR 12 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 12 PY 2003 VL 91 IS 11 AR 116401 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.116401 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 720XN UT WOS:000185288000041 PM 14525445 ER PT J AU Brodsky, SJ Goldhaber, AS Lee, J AF Brodsky, SJ Goldhaber, AS Lee, J TI Hunting for glueballs in electron-positron annihilation SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID EXCLUSIVE PROCESSES; J-PSI; UPSILON; GLUONS; DECAYS AB We calculate the cross section for the exclusive production of J(PC)=0(++) glueballs G(0) in association with the J/psi in e(+)e(-) annihilation using the perturbative QCD factorization formalism. The required long-distance matrix element for the glueball is bounded by CUSB data from a search for resonances in radiative Y decay. The cross section for e(+)e(-)-->J/psi+G(0) at roots=10.6 GeV is similar to exclusive charmonium-pair production e(+)e(-)-->J/psi+h for h=eta(c) and chi(c0), and is larger by a factor of 2 than that for h=eta(c)(2S). As the subprocesses gamma(*)-->(c (c) over bar)(c (c) over bar) and gamma(*)-->(c (c) over bar)(gg) are of the same nominal order in perturbative QCD, it is possible that some portion of the anomalously large signal observed by Belle in e(+)e(-)-->J/psiX may actually be due to the production of charmonium-glueball J/psiG(J) pairs. C1 Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Theory Grp, Newport News, VA 23036 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. MIT, Ctr Theoret Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, CN Yang Inst Theoret Phys, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. RP Brodsky, SJ (reprint author), Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Theory Grp, Newport News, VA 23036 USA. NR 25 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 12 PY 2003 VL 91 IS 11 AR 112001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.112001 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 720XN UT WOS:000185288000011 PM 14525415 ER PT J AU Chertkov, M AF Chertkov, M TI Phenomenology of Rayleigh-Taylor turbulence SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ADVECTED PASSIVE SCALAR; NUMBER CONVECTION; INSTABILITY; TEMPERATURE; SPECTRA; FLUID; FLOW AB I analyze the advanced mixing regime of the Rayleigh-Taylor incompressible turbulence in the small Atwood number Boussinesq approximation. The prime focus of my phenomenological approach is to resolve the temporal behavior and the small-scale spatial correlations of velocity and temperature fields inside the mixing zone, which grows as proportional tot(2). I show that the "5/3"-Kolmogorov scenario for velocity and temperature spectra is realized in three spatial dimensions with the viscous and dissipative scales decreasing in time, proportional tot(-1/4). The Bolgiano-Obukhov scenario is shown to be valid in two dimensions with the viscous and dissipative scales growing, proportional tot(1/8). C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Chertkov, M (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Chertkov, Michael/O-8828-2015 NR 38 TC 73 Z9 73 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 12 PY 2003 VL 91 IS 11 AR 115001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.115001 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 720XN UT WOS:000185288000028 PM 14525432 ER PT J AU Lu, ZP Liu, CT AF Lu, ZP Liu, CT TI Glass formation criterion for various glass-forming systems SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CRITICAL COOLING RATES; METALLIC-GLASS; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; DIMETHYL-SULFOXIDE; AMORPHOUS STATE; OXYGEN IMPURITY; BINARY-ALLOYS; CRYSTALLIZATION; STABILITY; ABILITY AB A conceptual approach to evaluate glass-forming ability for various glass-forming systems has been proposed from a physical metallurgy point of view. It was found that the glass-forming ability for noncrystalline materials was related mainly to two factors, i.e., 1/(T-g+T-l) and T-x (wherein T-x is the onset crystallization temperature, T (g) the glass transition temperature, and T-l the liquidus temperature), and could be predicated by a unified parameter gamma defined as T-x/(T-g+T-l). This approach was confirmed and validated by experimental data in various glass-forming systems including oxide glasses, cryoprotectants, and metallic glasses. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Lu, Zhao-Ping/A-2718-2009 NR 41 TC 314 Z9 326 U1 8 U2 67 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 12 PY 2003 VL 91 IS 11 AR 115505 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.115505 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 720XN UT WOS:000185288000035 PM 14525439 ER PT J AU Minniti, D Borissova, J Rejkuba, M Alves, DR Cook, KH Freeman, KC AF Minniti, D Borissova, J Rejkuba, M Alves, DR Cook, KH Freeman, KC TI Kinematic evidence for an old stellar halo in the Large Magellanic Cloud SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID RR LYRAE STARS; MACHO PROJECT; GLOBULAR-CLUSTERS; VARIABLE-STARS; OMEGA-CENTAURI; CARBON STARS; LMC; POPULATION; INVENTORY; DISTANCE AB The oldest and most metal-poor Milky Way stars form a kinematically hot halo, which motivates the two major formation scenarios for our galaxy: extended hierarchical accretion and rapid collapse. RR Lyrae stars are excellent tracers of old and metal-poor populations. We measured the kinematics of 43 RR Lyrae stars in the inner regions of the nearby Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) galaxy. The velocity dispersion equals 53 +/- 10 kilometers per second, which indicates that a kinematically hot metal-poor old halo also exists in the LMC. This result suggests that our galaxy and smaller late-type galaxies such as the LMC have similar early formation histories. C1 Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Dept Astron, Santiago 22, Chile. European So Observ, D-85748 Garching, Germany. Columbia Univ, Astrophys Lab, New York, NY 10027 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Australian Natl Univ, Mt Stromlo Observ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Canberra, ACT, Australia. RP Minniti, D (reprint author), Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Dept Astron, Ave Vicuna Mackenna 4860,Casilla 306, Santiago 22, Chile. OI Rejkuba, Marina/0000-0002-6577-2787 NR 31 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD SEP 12 PY 2003 VL 301 IS 5639 BP 1508 EP 1510 DI 10.1126/science.1088529 PG 3 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 720HL UT WOS:000185255300041 PM 12970558 ER PT J AU Nardi, F Spinsanti, G Boore, JL Carapelli, A Dallai, R Frati, F AF Nardi, F Spinsanti, G Boore, JL Carapelli, A Dallai, R Frati, F TI Response to comment on "Hexapod origins: Monophyletic or paraphyletic?" SO SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material ID MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; DNA-SEQUENCE C1 Univ Siena, Dept Evolut Biol, I-53100 Siena, Italy. US DOE, Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA. RP Nardi, F (reprint author), Univ Siena, Dept Evolut Biol, Via Aldo Moro 2, I-53100 Siena, Italy. RI Nardi, Francesco/E-5516-2011 NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD SEP 12 PY 2003 VL 301 IS 5639 PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 720HL UT WOS:000185255300027 ER PT J AU Reisenfeld, DB Gosling, JT Forsyth, RJ Riley, P St Cyr, OC AF Reisenfeld, DB Gosling, JT Forsyth, RJ Riley, P St Cyr, OC TI Properties of high-latitude CME-driven disturbances during Ulysses second northern polar passage SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS; SOLAR-WIND; MISSION; SHOCK AB Ulysses observed five coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and their associated disturbances while the spacecraft was immersed in the polar coronal hole (CH) flow above 70degrees N in late 2001. Of these CMEs, two were very fast (>850 km s(-1)) driving strong shocks in the wind ahead, and two others were over-expanding. The two fast CMEs were observed leaving the Sun by LASCO/SOHO, and were observed in the ecliptic by Genesis and ACE. These were large events, spanning at least from the northern heliospheric pole to the ecliptic. One-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations indicate that these could be described as overpressured CMEs launched from the Sun at speeds initially faster than ambient, but then decelerating to the ambient solar wind speed as they propagated outward. The two over-expanding CMEs mark their first occurrence since Ulysses' first orbit when such CMEs were only observed in polar CH flow. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Imperial Coll Space & Atmospher Phys, Blackett Lab, London SW7 2BW, England. Sci Applicat Int Corp, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20770 USA. RP Reisenfeld, DB (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS D466, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Reisenfeld, Daniel/F-7614-2015 NR 16 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD SEP 11 PY 2003 VL 30 IS 19 AR 8031 DI 10.1029/2003GL017155 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 774ZN UT WOS:000189016400003 ER PT J AU Branstetter, ML Erickson, DJ AF Branstetter, ML Erickson, DJ TI Continental runoff dynamics in the Community Climate System Model 2 (CCSM2) control simulation SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article DE global hydrology; streamflow; climate modeling ID THERMOHALINE CIRCULATION; ATLANTIC-OCEAN; WATER CYCLE; PRECIPITATION AB We present an analysis of the river transport model (RTM) implementation in a fully coupled Earth system model, the Community Climate System Model, version 2 (CCSM2). The results of a 350-year CCSM2 control simulation were compared to observational river flow data and previous simulations using the Community Climate Model, version 3 (CCM3). River discharge into the Arctic Ocean improved significantly over earlier CCM3 simulations. Significant interannual variability was evident in the control simulation, although at times it exceeded the observational variability. The CCSM2 river discharges to the ocean during the peak discharge month of June for the Amazon, Amur, Ob, St. Lawrence, and Ganges Rivers were found to be within 25% of observations. CCSM2 produced negative river discharges for the St. Lawrence, Parana, and Ob Rivers for some months of the year because of the methods CCSM2 used to calculate runoff resulting from lakes, wetlands, and glaciers. Precipitation and snow cover analyses explained some of the improvements of CCSM2 over CCM3 as well as lingering sources of inaccuracy in the river discharges. The lack of water impoundment in both CCSM2 and CCM3 was shown to be another source of discrepancy between model river discharge and observed streamgage data. We discuss the differences and similarities between CCSM2 river discharges and observations within the context of extant freshwater resource management, observational measurement techniques, and spatial and temporal scales. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Branstetter, ML (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, POB 2008,MS 6016, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM branstetterm@ornl.gov NR 28 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD SEP 11 PY 2003 VL 108 IS D17 AR 4550 DI 10.1029/2002JD003212 PG 17 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 774ZU UT WOS:000189016900003 ER PT J AU Min, QL Duan, M Marchand, R AF Min, QL Duan, M Marchand, R TI Validation of surface retrieved cloud optical properties with in situ measurements at the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program (ARM) South Great Plains site SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article DE cloud properties; validation ID GROUND-BASED MEASUREMENTS; LIQUID WATER; PARAMETERIZATION; SENSORS; DEPTH AB Cloud optical properties inferred from a multifilter rotating shadowband radiometer have been validated against in situ measurements during the second ARM Enhanced Shortwave Experiment (ARESE II) field campaign at the ARM South Great Plains (SGP) site. On the basis of eight aircraft in situ vertical profiles (constructed from measurements), Forward Spectra Scattering Probe (FSSP), we find that our retrieved cloud effective radii for single-layer warm water clouds agree well with in situ measurements, within 5.5%. A sensitivity study also illustrates that (for this case) a 13% uncertainty in observed liquid water path (LWP, 20 g/m(2)) results in 1.5% difference in retrieved cloud optical depth and 12.7% difference in inferred cloud effective radius, on average. The uncertainty of the LWP measured by the microwave radiometer (MWR) is the major contributor to the uncertainty of retrieved cloud effective radius. Further, we conclude that the uncertainty of our inferred cloud optical properties is better than 5% for warm water clouds based on a surface closure study, in which cloud optical properties inferred from narrowband irradiances are applied to a shortwave model and the modeled broadband fluxes are compared to a surface pyranometer. C1 SUNY Albany, Atmospher Sci Res Ctr, Albany, NY 12203 USA. PAcific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Min, QL (reprint author), SUNY Albany, Atmospher Sci Res Ctr, 251 Fuller Rd,Room L215, Albany, NY 12203 USA. EM min@asrc.cestm.albany.edu NR 26 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD SEP 11 PY 2003 VL 108 IS D17 AR 4547 DI 10.1029/2003JD003385 PG 6 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 774ZU UT WOS:000189016900006 ER PT J AU Lu, WC Wang, CZ Nguyen, V Schmidt, MW Gordon, MS Ho, KM AF Lu, WC Wang, CZ Nguyen, V Schmidt, MW Gordon, MS Ho, KM TI Structures and fragmentations of small silicon oxide clusters by ab initio calculations SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; MOLECULES; ABINITIO; ENERGIES; SYSTEM; SI2O2; SIO2 AB The structures, energies, and fragmentation stabilities of silicon oxide clusters SimOn, with m = 1-5, n = 1, 2m + 1, are studied systematically by ab initio calculations. New structures for nine clusters are found to be energetically more favorable than previously proposed structures. Using the ground state structures and energies obtained from our calculations, we have also studied fragmentation pathways and dissociation energies of the clusters. Our computational results show that the dissociation energy is strongly correlated with the O/Si ratio. Oxygen-rich clusters tend to have larger dissociation energies, as well as larger HOMO-LUMO gaps. Our calculations also show that SiO is the most abundant species in the fragmentation products. C1 US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Wang, CZ (reprint author), US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 29 TC 68 Z9 71 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD SEP 11 PY 2003 VL 107 IS 36 BP 6936 EP 6943 DI 10.1021/jp027860h PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 719YV UT WOS:000185233400006 ER PT J AU Yan, YF Liu, P Wen, JG To, B Al-Jassim, MM AF Yan, YF Liu, P Wen, JG To, B Al-Jassim, MM TI In-situ formation of ZnO nanobelts and metallic Zn nanobelts and nanodisks SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID NANOWIRES; OXIDE; NANORIBBONS; EVAPORATION; CLUSTERS; PHASE AB We report on the in-situ formation of ZnO nanobelts and metallic Zn nanobelts and nanodisks in a transmission electron microscope by electron-beam irradiation of single-crystalline polyhedral Zn nanoparticles, which were synthesized by evaporating ZnO powder mixed with graphite in a N-2 flowing carrying gas environment. ZnO and Zn nanobelts are both single-crystalline, have a top surface of +/-{110} a side surface of +/-{100}, and a [001] growth direction. The zinc nanodisks have diameters of 10 nm to 0.3 mum, and thickness of about 0.1 mum. They usually have faceted hexagonal shapes with a top surface of +/-(001). C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Univ Illinois, Frederick Seitz Mat Res Lab, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Yan, YF (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RI Liu, Ping/I-5615-2012 NR 20 TC 45 Z9 47 U1 2 U2 13 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD SEP 11 PY 2003 VL 107 IS 36 BP 9701 EP 9704 DI 10.1021/jp030328p PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 719YX UT WOS:000185233600013 ER PT J AU Boyanov, MI Kmetko, J Shibata, T Datta, A Dutta, P Bunker, BA AF Boyanov, MI Kmetko, J Shibata, T Datta, A Dutta, P Bunker, BA TI Mechanism of Pb adsorption to fatty acid langmuir monolayers studied by X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID AIR-WATER-INTERFACE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; METAL-IONS; BLODGETT-FILMS; ARACHIDIC ACID; DIFFRACTION; LEAD; SURFACE; SUBPHASE; SCATTERING AB The local atomic environment of lead (Pb) adsorbed to a CH3(CH2)(19)COOH Langmuir monolayer was investigated in situ using grazing-incidence X-ray absorption fine structure (GI-XAFS) spectroscopy at the Pb L-III edge. Measurements were performed at pH 6.5 of the 10(-5) M PbCl2 solution subphase, a condition under which grazing incidence diffraction (GID) revealed a large-area commensurate superstructure underneath the close-packed organic monolayer. The XAFS results indicate covalent binding of the Pb cations to the carboxyl headgroups, and the observed Pb-Pb coordination suggests that the metal is adsorbed as a hydrolysis polymer, rather than as individual Pb2+ ions. The data are consistent with a bidentate chelating mechanism and a one Pb atom to one carboxyl headgroup binding stoichiometry. We discuss how this adsorption model can explain the peculiarities observed with Ph in previous metal-Langmuir monolayer studies. A systematic study of lead perchlorate and lead acetate aqueous solutions is presented and used in the analysis. XAFS multiple scattering effects from alignment of the Pb-C-C atoms in the lead acetate solutions are reported. C1 Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Northwestern Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RP Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM mboyanov@nd.edu RI Datta, Alokmay/C-1252-2008; ID, MRCAT/G-7586-2011 NR 51 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD SEP 11 PY 2003 VL 107 IS 36 BP 9780 EP 9788 DI 10.1021/jp0341772 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 719YX UT WOS:000185233600025 ER PT J AU Arenz, M Schmidt, TJ Wandelt, K Ross, PN Markovic, NM AF Arenz, M Schmidt, TJ Wandelt, K Ross, PN Markovic, NM TI The oxygen reduction reaction on thin palladium films supported on a Pt(111) electrode SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID SINGLE-CRYSTAL SURFACES; IRREVERSIBLY ADSORBED PALLADIUM; SULFURIC-ACID-SOLUTION; ULTRATHIN PD FILMS; CO ADSORPTION; ELECTROCHEMICAL-BEHAVIOR; ABSORPTION-SPECTROSCOPY; PT(HKL) ELECTRODES; ALKALINE-SOLUTION; PLATINUM AB The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in acid and alkaline solutions is investigated on thin Pd films (0 < theta(Pd) < 1.5 ML) supported on a Pt(111) electrode. In 0.1 M KOH, the general form of the current vs Theta(Pd) relationship for the ORR has a volcano shape, with the maximum catalytic activity exhibited by a surface modified with 1 ML of Pd. However, if the amount of Pd deposited exceeds 1 ML, the reaction is inhibited and 1.5 ML of Pd are less active than unmodified Pt(111). In 0.1 M HClO4, none of the Pd films are more active than Pt(111). In solution containing Cl- (ca. 10(6)-10(-5) M), the inhibition on the Pt(111)-Pd electrode is much more severe than on bare Pt(111) due to stronger anion adsorption on Pd. We present an interpretation of the kinetics of the ORR on Pt modified by thin Pd films in alkaline and acid solution based on the electronic properties of the Pd films and how the electronic properties effect specific anion adsorption, the formation of OHad and the adsorption of the reaction intermediates. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Bonn, Inst Phys & Theoret Chem, D-53115 Bonn, Germany. RP Arenz, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Schmidt, Thomas/A-2586-2010; Arenz, Matthias/C-7385-2009; Arenz, Matthias/C-3195-2016 OI Schmidt, Thomas/0000-0002-1636-367X; Arenz, Matthias/0000-0001-9765-4315; Arenz, Matthias/0000-0001-9765-4315 NR 36 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 8 U2 59 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD SEP 11 PY 2003 VL 107 IS 36 BP 9813 EP 9819 DI 10.1021/jp034789m PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 719YX UT WOS:000185233600030 ER PT J AU Clarke, J AF Clarke, J TI Condensed-matter physics - Vortices and hearts SO NATURE LA English DT Editorial Material ID MACROSCOPIC QUANTUM STATES; QUBITS C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Clarke, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 12 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD SEP 11 PY 2003 VL 425 IS 6954 BP 133 EP + DI 10.1038/425133a PG 3 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 719ZT UT WOS:000185236000024 PM 12968160 ER PT J AU Batarin, VA Butler, J Derevschikov, AA Fomin, YV Frolov, V Grishin, VN Kachanov, VA Khodyrev, VY Konstantinov, AS Kravtsov, VI Kubota, Y Leontiev, VM Maisheev, VA Matulenko, YA Meschanin, AP Melnick, YM Minaev, NG Mochalov, VV Morozov, DA Nogach, LV Semenov, PA Shestermanov, KE Soloviev, LF Solovianov, VL Stone, S Ukhanov, MN Uzunian, AV Vasiliev, AN Yakutin, AE Yarba, J AF Batarin, VA Butler, J Derevschikov, AA Fomin, YV Frolov, V Grishin, VN Kachanov, VA Khodyrev, VY Konstantinov, AS Kravtsov, VI Kubota, Y Leontiev, VM Maisheev, VA Matulenko, YA Meschanin, AP Melnick, YM Minaev, NG Mochalov, VV Morozov, DA Nogach, LV Semenov, PA Shestermanov, KE Soloviev, LF Solovianov, VL Stone, S Ukhanov, MN Uzunian, AV Vasiliev, AN Yakutin, AE Yarba, J TI Development of a momentum determined electron beam in the 1-45 GeV range SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE beam line; momentum resolution; tracking AB A beam line for electrons with energies in the range of 1-45 GeV, low contamination of hadrons and muons and high intensity up to 106 per accelerator spill at 27 GeV was setup at U70 accelerator in Protvino, Russia. A beam tagging system based on drift chambers with 160 mum resolution was able to measure relative electron beam momentum precisely. The resolution sigma(p)/p was 0.13% at 45 GeV where multiple scattering is negligible. This test beam setup provided a possibility to study properties of lead tungstate crystals (PbWO4) for the BTeV experiment at Fermilab. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino 142281, Russia. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Syracuse Univ, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. RP Semenov, PA (reprint author), Inst High Energy Phys, Pobeda Str 1, Protvino 142281, Russia. NR 4 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD SEP 11 PY 2003 VL 510 IS 3 BP 211 EP 218 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01860-6 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 718TR UT WOS:000185163000003 ER PT J AU Dawson, I Buttar, C Mokhov, N Moraes, A Shupe, M AF Dawson, I Buttar, C Mokhov, N Moraes, A Shupe, M TI Predicting the radiation environment at high-luminosity hadron-collider experiments SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE radiation backgrounds; LHC experiments; simulations; comparisons ID DUAL PARTON MODEL; ENERGIES AB The physics requirements of future hadron-collider experiments require very high collision rates, leading to harsh radiation environments never before confronted in large-scale high-energy physics experiments. The high levels of radiation backgrounds becomes a major design criterion for such experiments. Considering the enormous cost and effort involved in building modern high-energy physics experiments, it is vital that particle fluences and energy depositions can be predicted reliably. This is done using Monte-Carlo simulation programs. Given in this paper are the results of comparisons in which the predictions of different simulation programs, all used in the evaluation of radiation backgrounds in the ATLAS and CMS experiments at the CERN Large Hadron Collider, are analysed. Such comparisons give confidence when the predictions agree, and possible cause for further investigation when they disagree. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Sheffield, Dept Phys, Sheffield S3 7RH, S Yorkshire, England. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Beam Phys Dept, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Arizona, Dept Phys, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Dawson, I (reprint author), Univ Sheffield, Dept Phys, Hicks Bldg, Sheffield S3 7RH, S Yorkshire, England. RI Moraes, Arthur/F-6478-2010; Buttar, Craig/D-3706-2011 OI Moraes, Arthur/0000-0002-5157-5686; NR 42 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD SEP 11 PY 2003 VL 510 IS 3 BP 219 EP 232 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01861-8 PG 14 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 718TR UT WOS:000185163000004 ER PT J AU Jackson, DJ Su, D Wickens, FJ AF Jackson, DJ Su, D Wickens, FJ TI Internal alignment of the SLD vertex detector using a matrix singular value decomposition technique SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE alignment; vertex detector; SVD ID PERFORMANCE; SYSTEM AB The tracking resolution and vertex finding capabilities of the SLD experiment depend upon a precise knowledge of the location and orientation of the 96 elements of the SLD pixel vertex detector (VXD3) in 3D space. At the heart of the deterministic procedure described here to align the 96 CCDs is the matrix inversion technique of singular value decomposition (SVD). This tool is employed to unfold the detector geometry corrections from the track hit residual data in the VXD3. The algorithm is adapted to perform an optimal chi(2) minimization by careful treatment of the errors and correlations in the residual measurements. The general form of the problems that might be solved with this technique is discussed. The tracking resolution obtained with the aligned geometry is compared with the starting point, based on an optical survey of the CCDs, and is shown to achieve the design performance. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94309 USA. RP Jackson, DJ (reprint author), Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD SEP 11 PY 2003 VL 510 IS 3 BP 233 EP 247 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00730-7 PG 15 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 718TR UT WOS:000185163000005 ER PT J AU Batarin, VA Brennan, T Butler, J Cheung, H Derevschikov, AA Fomin, YV Frolov, V Goncharenko, YM Grishin, VN Kachanov, VA Khodyrev, VY Khroustalev, K Konstantinov, AS Kravtsov, VI Kubota, Y Leontiev, VM Maisheev, VA Matulenko, YA Melnick, YM Meschanin, AP Mikhalin, NE Minaev, NG Mochalov, VV Morozov, DA Mountain, R Nogach, LV Ryazantsev, AV Semenov, PA Shestermanov, KE Soloviev, LF Solovianov, VL Stone, S Ukhanov, MN Uzunian, AV Vasiliev, AN Yakutin, AE Yarba, J AF Batarin, VA Brennan, T Butler, J Cheung, H Derevschikov, AA Fomin, YV Frolov, V Goncharenko, YM Grishin, VN Kachanov, VA Khodyrev, VY Khroustalev, K Konstantinov, AS Kravtsov, VI Kubota, Y Leontiev, VM Maisheev, VA Matulenko, YA Melnick, YM Meschanin, AP Mikhalin, NE Minaev, NG Mochalov, VV Morozov, DA Mountain, R Nogach, LV Ryazantsev, AV Semenov, PA Shestermanov, KE Soloviev, LF Solovianov, VL Stone, S Ukhanov, MN Uzunian, AV Vasiliev, AN Yakutin, AE Yarba, J TI Precision measurement of energy and position resolutions of the BTeV electromagnetic calorimeter prototype SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE energy resolution; position resolution; shower profile; calorimeter; scintillating crystal AB The energy dependence of the energy and position resolutions of the electromagnetic calorimeter prototype made of lead tungstate crystals produced in Bogoroditsk (Russia) and Shanghai (China) is presented. These measurements were carried out at the Protvino accelerator using a 1-45 GeV electron beam. The crystals were coupled to photomultiplier tubes. The dependence of energy and position resolutions on different factors as well as the measured electromagnetic shower lateral profile are presented. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino 142281, Russia. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Syracuse Univ, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. RP Semenov, PA (reprint author), Inst High Energy Phys, Pobeda Str 1, Protvino 142281, Russia. NR 8 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD SEP 11 PY 2003 VL 510 IS 3 BP 248 EP 261 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01862-X PG 14 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 718TR UT WOS:000185163000006 ER PT J AU Bedaque, PF Hammer, HW van Kolck, U AF Bedaque, PF Hammer, HW van Kolck, U TI Narrow resonances in effective field theory SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article DE effective field theory; narrow resonances ID SCATTERING; STATES; NUCLEI AB We discuss the power counting for effective field theories with narrow resonances near a two-body threshold. Close to threshold, the effective field theory is perturbative and only one combination of coupling constants is fine-tuned. In the vicinity of the resonance, a second, "kinematic" fine-tuning requires a nonperturbative resummation. We illustrate our results in the case of nucleon-alpha scattering. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All fights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Bonn, Helmholtz Inst Strahlen & Kernphys, Abt Theor, D-53115 Bonn, Germany. Univ Arizona, Dept Phys, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Bedaque, PF (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 16 TC 81 Z9 81 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD SEP 11 PY 2003 VL 569 IS 3-4 BP 159 EP 167 DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2003.07.049 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 720XR UT WOS:000185288400005 ER PT J AU Pacheco, M Sira, J Kopasz, J AF Pacheco, M Sira, J Kopasz, J TI Reaction kinetics and reactor modeling for fuel processing of liquid hydrocarbons to produce hydrogen: isooctane reforming SO APPLIED CATALYSIS A-GENERAL LA English DT Article DE kinetic modeling; reactor modeling; reforming; gasoline; hydrogen ID WATER-GAS SHIFT; METHANE; SIMULATION; PYROLYSIS; OXIDATION AB A mathematical model was developed in the framework of the process simulator Aspen Plus(R) in order to describe the reaction kinetics and performance of a fuel processor used for autothermal reforming of liquid hydrocarbons. Experimental results obtained in the facilities of Argonne National Laboratories (ANL) when reforming isooctane using a ceria-oxide catalyst impregnated with platinum were used in order to validate the reactor model. The reaction kinetics and reaction schemes were taken from published literature and most of the chemical reactions were modeled using the Langmuir-Hinshelwood-Hougen-Watson (LHHW) formulation to account for the effect of adsorption of reactants and products on the active sites of the catalyst. The water-gas-shift (WGS) reactor used to reduce the concentration of CO in the reformate was also modeled. Both reactor models use a simplified formulation for estimating the effectiveness factor of each chemical reaction in order to account for the effect of intraparticle mass transfer limitations on the reactor performance. Since the data in the literature on kinetics of autothermal reforming of liquid hydrocarbons using CeO2-Pt catalyst is scarce, the proposed kinetic model for the reaction network was coupled to the sequential quadratic programming (SQP) algorithm implemented in Aspen Plus(R) in order to regress the kinetic constants for the different reactions. The model describes the trend of the experimental data in terms of hydrogen yield and distribution of products with a relative deviation of +/-15% for reforming temperatures between 600 and 800degreesC and reactor space velocities between 15 000 and 150 000 h(-1). (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Venezuelan Oil Ind, PDVSA Intevep, Ctr Res & Dev, Dept Refining & Petrochem, Edo Miranda, Venezuela. Univ Los Andes, Dept Mech Engn, Merida, Venezuela. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem Technol, US Dept Energy, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Pacheco, M (reprint author), Venezuelan Oil Ind, PDVSA Intevep, Ctr Res & Dev, Dept Refining & Petrochem, Sector Tambor,POB 76343, Edo Miranda, Venezuela. NR 20 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 2 U2 31 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-860X J9 APPL CATAL A-GEN JI Appl. Catal. A-Gen. PD SEP 10 PY 2003 VL 250 IS 1 BP 161 EP 175 DI 10.1016/S0926-860X(03)00291-6 PG 15 WC Chemistry, Physical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 721QX UT WOS:000185328000015 ER PT J AU Mukadam, AS Kepler, SO Winget, DE Nather, RE Kilic, M Mullally, F von Hippel, T Kleinman, SJ Nitta, A Guzik, JA Bradley, PA Matthews, J Sekiguchi, K Sullivan, DJ Sullivan, T Shobbrook, RR Birch, P Jiang, XJ Xu, DW Joshi, S Ashoka, BN Ibbetson, P Leibowitz, E Ofek, EO Meistas, EG Janulis, R Alisauskas, D Kalytis, R Handler, G Kilkenny, D O'Donoghue, D Kurtz, DW Muller, M Moskalik, P Ogloza, W Zola, S Krzesinski, J Johannessen, F Gonzales-Perez, JM Solheim, JE Silvotti, R Bernabei, S Vauclair, G Dolez, N Fu, JN Chevreton, M Manteiga, M Suarez, O Ulla, A Cunha, MS Metcalfe, TS Kanaan, A Fraga, L Costa, AFM Giovannini, O Fontaine, G Bergeron, P O'Brien, MS Sanwal, D Wood, MA Ahrens, TJ Silvestri, N Klumpe, EW Kawaler, SD Riddle, R Reed, MD Watson, TK AF Mukadam, AS Kepler, SO Winget, DE Nather, RE Kilic, M Mullally, F von Hippel, T Kleinman, SJ Nitta, A Guzik, JA Bradley, PA Matthews, J Sekiguchi, K Sullivan, DJ Sullivan, T Shobbrook, RR Birch, P Jiang, XJ Xu, DW Joshi, S Ashoka, BN Ibbetson, P Leibowitz, E Ofek, EO Meistas, EG Janulis, R Alisauskas, D Kalytis, R Handler, G Kilkenny, D O'Donoghue, D Kurtz, DW Muller, M Moskalik, P Ogloza, W Zola, S Krzesinski, J Johannessen, F Gonzales-Perez, JM Solheim, JE Silvotti, R Bernabei, S Vauclair, G Dolez, N Fu, JN Chevreton, M Manteiga, M Suarez, O Ulla, A Cunha, MS Metcalfe, TS Kanaan, A Fraga, L Costa, AFM Giovannini, O Fontaine, G Bergeron, P O'Brien, MS Sanwal, D Wood, MA Ahrens, TJ Silvestri, N Klumpe, EW Kawaler, SD Riddle, R Reed, MD Watson, TK TI Constraining the evolution of ZZ Ceti SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID WHITE-DWARF STARS; WHOLE EARTH TELESCOPE; PERIOD CHANGE; STELLAR OSCILLATIONS; TIME-SCALE; MASS-LOSS; G117-B15A; ASTEROSEISMOLOGY; MODELS; STABILITY AB We report our analysis of the stability of pulsation periods in the DAV star (pulsating hydrogen atmosphere white dwarf) ZZ Ceti, also called R548. On the basis of observations that span 31 years, we conclude that the period 213.13 s observed in ZZ Ceti drifts at a rate dP/dt less than or equal to (5.5 +/- 1.9) x 10(-15) s s(-1), after correcting for proper motion. Our results are consistent with previous (P) over dot values for this mode and an improvement over them because of the larger time base. The characteristic stability timescale implied for the pulsation period is \P/(P) over dot\greater than or equal to 1.2 Gyr, comparable to the theoretical cooling timescale for the star. Our current stability limit for the period 213.13 s is only slightly less than the present measurement for another DAV, G117-B15A, for the period 215.2 s, establishing this mode in ZZ Ceti as the second most stable optical clock known, comparable to atomic clocks and more stable than most pulsars. Constraining the cooling rate of ZZ Ceti aids theoretical evolutionary models and white dwarf cosmochronology. The drift rate of this clock is small enough that we can set interesting limits on reflex motion due to planetary companions. C1 Univ Texas, Dept Astron, Austin, TX 78712 USA. McDonald Observ, Ft Davis, TX 79734 USA. Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Inst Fis, BR-91501970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. Apache Point Observ, Sunspot, NM 88349 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. Natl Astron Observ Japan, Subaru Telescope, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. Victoria Univ Wellington, Sch Chem & Phys Sci, Wellington, New Zealand. Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Weston, ACT 2611, Australia. Perth Observ, Bickley, WA 6076, Australia. Beijing Astron Observ, Beijing 100012, Peoples R China. Natl Astron Observ, Joint Labs Opt Astron, Beijing 100012, Peoples R China. Uttar Pradesh State Observ, Naini Tal 263129, India. ISRO, Tech Phys Div, Satellite Ctr, Bangalore 560017, Karnataka, India. Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. Tel Aviv Univ, Wise Observ, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. Inst Theoret Phys & Astron, LT-2600 Vilnius, Lithuania. Vilnius Univ Observ, LT-2009 Vilnius, Lithuania. S African Astron Observ, ZA-7935 Cape Town, South Africa. Univ Cent Lancashire, Ctr Astrophys, Preston PR1 2HE, Lancs, England. Observ Midi Pyrenees, F-31400 Toulouse, France. Univ Cape Town, Dept Astron, ZA-7701 Rondebosch, South Africa. Polish Acad Sci, N Copernicus Astron Ctr, PL-00716 Warsaw, Poland. Cracow Pedag Univ, Mt Suhora Observ, PL-30084 Krakow, Poland. Jagiellonian Univ, Astron Observ, PL-30244 Krakow, Poland. Univ Tromso, Inst Fys, N-9037 Tromso, Norway. Osserv Astron Capodimonte, Inst Nazl Astrofis, I-80131 Naples, Italy. Osservatorio Astron Bologna, Inst Nazl Astrofis, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. Observ Paris, F-92195 Meudon, France. Univ A Coruna, Dept Ciencias Naut & Terra, Coruna, Spain. Univ Vigo, Dept Fis Aplicada, Vigo, Spain. Univ Porto, Ctr Astrofis, P-4150 Oporto, Portugal. Inst Super Maia, P-4475690 Avioso S Pedro, Portugal. Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Univ Fed Santa Catarina, Dept Fis, BR-88040900 Florianopolis, SC, Brazil. Univ Caxias do Sul, Dept Quim & Fis, BR-95001970 Caxias Do Sul, RS, Brazil. Univ Montreal, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Florida Inst Technol, Dept Phys & Space Sci, Melbourne, FL 32901 USA. Florida Inst Technol, SARA Observ, Melbourne, FL 32901 USA. Middle Tennessee State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Murfreesboro, TN 37132 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. SW Missouri State Univ, Springfield, MO 65807 USA. Southwestern Univ, Informat Technol Serv, Georgetown, TX 78626 USA. RP Univ Texas, Dept Astron, 1 Univ Stn,C1400, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RI Metcalfe, Travis/A-9388-2008; Kepler, S. O. /H-5901-2012; Fraga, Luciano/K-9075-2013; Ulla Miguel, Ana Maria/M-2860-2014; Manteiga, Minia/K-9773-2014; OI Metcalfe, Travis/0000-0003-4034-0416; Kepler, S. O. /0000-0002-7470-5703; Manteiga, Minia/0000-0002-7711-5581; Cunha, Margarida/0000-0001-8237-7343; Kawaler, Steven/0000-0002-6536-6367 NR 55 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD SEP 10 PY 2003 VL 594 IS 2 BP 961 EP 970 DI 10.1086/377044 PN 1 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 720JL UT WOS:000185257600025 ER PT J AU Goldhaber, M AF Goldhaber, M TI Neutrinos, past and present SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS A LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11772 USA. RP Goldhaber, M (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11772 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0217-751X EI 1793-656X J9 INT J MOD PHYS A JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. A PD SEP 10 PY 2003 VL 18 IS 22 BP 3753 EP 3760 DI 10.1142/S0217751X03017154 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 727AP UT WOS:000185634100003 ER PT J AU McFarland, KS Zeller, GP Adams, T Alton, A Avvakumov, S de Barbaro, L de Barbaro, P Bernstein, RH Bodek, A Bolton, T Brau, J Buchholz, D Budd, H Bugel, L Conrad, J Drucker, RB Fleming, BT Frey, R Formaggio, JA Goldman, J Goncharov, M Harris, DA Johnson, RA Kim, JH Koutsoliotas, S Lamm, MJ Marsh, W Mason, D McDonald, J McFarland, KS McNulty, C Naples, D Nienaber, P Radescu, V Romosan, A Sakumoto, WK Schellman, H Shaevitz, MH Spentzouris, P Stern, EG Suwonjandee, N Tzanov, M Vakili, M Vaitaitis, A Yang, UK Yu, J Zimmerman, ED AF McFarland, KS Zeller, GP Adams, T Alton, A Avvakumov, S de Barbaro, L de Barbaro, P Bernstein, RH Bodek, A Bolton, T Brau, J Buchholz, D Budd, H Bugel, L Conrad, J Drucker, RB Fleming, BT Frey, R Formaggio, JA Goldman, J Goncharov, M Harris, DA Johnson, RA Kim, JH Koutsoliotas, S Lamm, MJ Marsh, W Mason, D McDonald, J McFarland, KS McNulty, C Naples, D Nienaber, P Radescu, V Romosan, A Sakumoto, WK Schellman, H Shaevitz, MH Spentzouris, P Stern, EG Suwonjandee, N Tzanov, M Vakili, M Vaitaitis, A Yang, UK Yu, J Zimmerman, ED TI sin(2) theta(w) from neutrino scattering at NuTeV SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting on Neutrinos and Implications for Physics Beyond the Standard Model CY SEP 11-13, 2002 CL STONY BROOK, NY DE neutrino; electroweak; neutral current ID NUCLEON-SCATTERING; ELECTROWEAK PARAMETERS; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; CHARGE ASYMMETRY; PRECISION-MEASUREMENT; HIGHER TWIST; PHYSICS; BOSON; SEA; COLLISIONS AB The NuTeV collaboration has performed precision measurements of the ratio of neutral current to charged current cross-sections in high rate, high energy neutrino and anti-neutrino beams on a dense, primarily steel, target. The separate neutrino and anti-neutrino beams, high statistics, and improved control of other experimental systematics, allow the determination of electroweak parameters with significantly greater precision than past vN scattering experiments. Our null hypothesis test of the standard model prediction measures sin(2) theta(W)((on-shell)) = 0.2277 +/- 0.0013(stat) +/- 0.0009(syst), a value which is 3.Osigma above the prediction. We discuss possible explanations for and implications of this discrepancy. C1 Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Univ Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. Univ Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. RP McFarland, KS (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. RI Frey, Raymond/E-2830-2016 OI Frey, Raymond/0000-0003-0341-2636 NR 61 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0217-751X J9 INT J MOD PHYS A JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. A PD SEP 10 PY 2003 VL 18 IS 22 BP 3841 EP 3855 DI 10.1142/S0217751X0301721X PG 15 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 727AP UT WOS:000185634100009 ER PT J AU Albright, CH AF Albright, CH TI SO(10) GUT models and their present success in explaining mass and mixing data SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting on Neutrinos and Implications for Physics Beyond the Standard Model CY SEP 11-13, 2002 CL STONY BROOK, NEW YORK DE SO(10) GUT models; quark and lepton masses and mixings ID NEUTRINO OSCILLATIONS; CP VIOLATION; QUARK; UNIFICATION; ANGLES; DECAY AB Some features of SO(10) GUT models are reviewed, and a number of such models in the literature are compared. While some have been eliminated by recent neutrino data, others are presently successful in explaining the quark and lepton mass and mixing data. A short description of one very predictive model is given which illustrates some of the features discussed. Future tests of the models are pointed out including one which contrasts sharply with those models based on an L-e - L-mu - L-tau type symmetry. C1 No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Albright, CH (reprint author), No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. OI Albright, Carl/0000-0002-2252-6359 NR 35 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 912805, SINGAPORE SN 0217-751X J9 INT J MOD PHYS A JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. A PD SEP 10 PY 2003 VL 18 IS 22 BP 3947 EP 3955 DI 10.1142/S0217751X03017282 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 727AP UT WOS:000185634100016 ER PT J AU Harris, DA AF Harris, DA TI Prospects for conventional long-baseline oscillation experiments and comparison with a neutrino factory SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting on Neutrinos and Implications for Physics Beyond the Standard Model CY SEP 11-13, 2002 CL STONY BROOK, NEW YORK DE neutrino oscillations; neutrino detectors; neutrino beamlines AB The field of neutrino oscillation physics is changing dramatically from one of exploration of an unexpected phenomenon to real measurements of the leptonic mixing and mass matrices. As the purposes of oscillation experiments change the detector and beamline requirements also change, such that future experiments are not simple extensions of the current round of experiments. This report discusses what the challenges in the next step are, what beamline techniques have been suggested to meet these challenges, and finally, what the detector possibilities are for precision measurments. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Harris, DA (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 912805, SINGAPORE SN 0217-751X J9 INT J MOD PHYS A JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. A PD SEP 10 PY 2003 VL 18 IS 22 BP 4027 EP 4038 DI 10.1142/S0217751X03017348 PG 12 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 727AP UT WOS:000185634100022 ER PT J AU Diwan, MV AF Diwan, MV TI Very long baseline neutrino oscillation experiments for precise measurements of oscillation parameters and search for CP violation SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting on Neutrinos and Implications for Physics Beyond the Standard Model CY SEP 11-13, 2002 CL STONY BROOK, NEW YORK ID SINGLE-PION-PRODUCTION; ATMOSPHERIC NEUTRINOS AB We analyze the prospects of a feasible, very long baseline neutrino oscillation experiment consisting of a conventional horn produced low energy wide band beam and a detector of 500 kT ficlucial mass with modest requirements on event recognition and resolution. Such an experiment is intended primarily to measure CP invariance parameters in the neutrino sector. We analyze the sensitivity of such an experiment. The conclusion is that it will allow determination of the CP parameter delta(CP), if the currently unknown mixing parameter sin(2) 2013 greater than or equal to 0.01, a value about 10 times lower than the present experimental upper limit. Such an experiment has great potential for precise measurements of all parameters in the neutrino mixing matrix including Deltam(32)(2), sin(2)2theta(23), Deltam(21)(2), and the mass ordering of neutrinos through the observation of the matter effect in the v(mu) --> v(e) appearance channel. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Diwan, MV (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 22 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 912805, SINGAPORE SN 0217-751X J9 INT J MOD PHYS A JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. A PD SEP 10 PY 2003 VL 18 IS 22 BP 4039 EP 4052 DI 10.1142/S0217751X0301735X PG 14 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 727AP UT WOS:000185634100023 ER PT J AU Elliott, SR AF Elliott, SR TI Experiments for neutrinoless double-beta decay SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting on Neutrinos and Implications for Physics Beyond the Standard Model CY SEP 11-13, 2002 CL STONY BROOK, NY DE double-beta decay; neutrino mass ID COUNTING TEST FACILITY; 2-BETA DECAY; ELECTRON-NEUTRINO; MO-100; SEARCH; GE-76; OSCILLATIONS; BOREXINO; GENIUS; XE-136 AB The recent neutrino oscillation experimental results indicate that at least one neutrino has a mass greater than 50 meV. The next generation of double-beta decay experiments will very likely have a sensitivity to an effective Majorana neutrino mass below this target. Therefore this is a very exciting time for this field of research as even null results from these experiments have the potential to elucidate the nature of the neutrino. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Elliott, SR (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Phys, MS H803,P-23, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 60 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0217-751X EI 1793-656X J9 INT J MOD PHYS A JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. A PD SEP 10 PY 2003 VL 18 IS 22 BP 4097 EP 4111 DI 10.1142/S0217751X03017397 PG 15 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 727AP UT WOS:000185634100027 ER PT J AU Bowles, TJ AF Bowles, TJ TI A National Underground Science and Engineering Laboratory SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting on Neutrinos and Implications for Physics Beyond the Standard Model CY SEP 11-13, 2002 CL STONY BROOK, NEW YORK C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Bowles, TJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mail Stop H803, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 912805, SINGAPORE SN 0217-751X J9 INT J MOD PHYS A JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. A PD SEP 10 PY 2003 VL 18 IS 22 BP 4129 EP 4133 DI 10.1142/S0217751X03017415 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 727AP UT WOS:000185634100029 ER PT J AU Kim, JS Ree, M Lee, SW Oh, W Baek, S Lee, B Shin, TJ Kim, KJ Kim, B Luning, J AF Kim, JS Ree, M Lee, SW Oh, W Baek, S Lee, B Shin, TJ Kim, KJ Kim, B Luning, J TI NEXAFS spectroscopy study of the surface properties of zinc glutarate and its reactivity with carbon dioxide and propylene oxide SO JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS LA English DT Article DE zinc glutarate catalyst; NEXAFS; copolymerization of CO2 with propylene oxide ID C K-EDGE; ALTERNATING COPOLYMERIZATION; POLY(PROPYLENE CARBONATE); INSERTION REACTIONS; CATALYSTS; EPOXIDES; CO2; POLY(ETHYLENE-TEREPHTHALATE); COMPLEXES; SPECTRA AB The surface state of polycrystalline zinc glutarate (ZnGA) catalyst and its catalytic adsorption of carbon dioxide (CO2) and propylene oxide (PO) were investigated by using near edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy. The outermost layer of ZnGA catalyst was found to contain more hydrocarbon units (i.e., glutarate ligand component) than the inner layers. The ZnGA catalyst was found to reversibly react with CO2 and to readily react with PO via adsorption onto the catalyst surface and insertion into the Zn-O bond. Experiments in which the catalyst was treated with CO2 followed by PO and vice versa showed that each of these components can replace the other component on the catalyst surface. This reversible adsorption and insertion of CO2 and PO on the ZnGA surface provides a clue to the mechanism underlying the production of alternating poly(propylene carbonate) in the ZnGA-catalyzed copolymerization of CO2 and PO. However, in comparison to CO2, PO was more easily adsorbed onto the ZnGA catalyst and inserted into the Zn-O bond. As a consequence, PO significantly modified the catalyst surface. This suggests that the ZnGA-catalyzed copolymerization is initiated by PO rather than CO2. (C) 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Pohang Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Chem, Ctr Integrated Mol Syst, BK21 Program,Div Mol & Life Sci, Pohang 790784, South Korea. Pohang Univ Sci & Technol, Polymer Res Inst, Pohang 790784, South Korea. Pohang Univ Sci & Technol, Pohang Accelerator Lab, Pohang 790784, South Korea. Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA 94209 USA. RP Ree, M (reprint author), Pohang Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Chem, Ctr Integrated Mol Syst, BK21 Program,Div Mol & Life Sci, San 31, Pohang 790784, South Korea. RI Ree, Moonhor/F-5347-2013 NR 38 TC 46 Z9 50 U1 2 U2 11 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9517 J9 J CATAL JI J. Catal. PD SEP 10 PY 2003 VL 218 IS 2 BP 386 EP 395 DI 10.1016/S0021-9517(03)00122-2 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 704ZW UT WOS:000184372600016 ER PT J AU Tomkins, CD Adrian, RJ AF Tomkins, CD Adrian, RJ TI Spanwise structure and scale growth in turbulent boundary layers SO JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS LA English DT Article ID PARTICLE IMAGE VELOCIMETRY; NEAR-WALL REGION; CHANNEL FLOW; STREAMWISE VORTICES; WAKE MODEL; SHEAR-FLOW; RESOLUTION; DYNAMICS; VELOCITY; ROTATION AB Spanwise structure and growth mechanisms in a turbulent boundary layer are investigated experimentally. PIV measurements are obtained in the streamwise-spanwise (x-z)-plane from the buffer layer to the top of the logarithmic region at Re-theta = 1015 and 7705. The dominant motions of the flow are shown to be large-scale regions of momentum deficit elongated in the streamwise direction. Throughout the logarithmic layer, the regions are consistently bordered by vortices organized in the streamwise direction, offering strong support for a vortex packet model. Additionally, evidence is presented for the existence and organization of hairpin vortices in the region y(+) < 60. Statistical evidence is also presented for two important aspects of the vortex packet paradigm: vortex organization in the streamwise direction, and the clear association of the hairpin signature with local minima in streamwise velocity. Several spanwise lengthscales are shown to vary linearly with distance from the wall, revealing self-similar growth of spanwise structure in an average sense. Inspection of the data, however, suggests that individual structures do not grow strictly self-similarly in time. It is proposed that additional scale growth occurs by the merging of vortex packets on an eddy-by-eddy basis via a vortex re-connection mechanism similar to that suggested by Wark & Nagib (1989). The proposed mechanism provides a link between vortex-pairing concepts and the observed coalescence of streaky low-speed regions in the inner layer. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Theoret & Appl Mech, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Tomkins, CD (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, DX-3,MS P940, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 51 TC 251 Z9 257 U1 4 U2 33 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4221 USA SN 0022-1120 J9 J FLUID MECH JI J. Fluid Mech. PD SEP 10 PY 2003 VL 490 BP 37 EP 74 DI 10.1017/S0022112003005251 PG 38 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA 725JX UT WOS:000185536500003 ER PT J AU Luo, SN Ahrens, TJ Asimow, PD AF Luo, SN Ahrens, TJ Asimow, PD TI Polymorphism, superheating, and amorphization of silica upon shock wave loading and release SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH LA English DT Article DE polymorphism; amorphization; superheating; silica; shock wave; release ID PRESSURE-INDUCED AMORPHIZATION; EQUATION-OF-STATE; ALPHA-QUARTZ; STISHOVITE; COMPRESSION; SIO2; TEMPERATURES; CRYSTALLINE; TRANSITION; SOLIDS AB [ 1] We present a detailed and quantitative examination of the thermodynamics and phase change mechanisms ( including amorphization) that occur upon shock wave loading and unloading of silica. We apply Debye-Gruneisen theory to calculate both the Hugoniot of quartz and isentropic release paths. Quartz converts to stishovite ( or a stishovite-like phase) between 15 and 46 GPa, and persistence of the solid phase above its liquidus ( i.e., superheating) is confirmed between 77 and 110 GPa. Calculations compare favorably to measurements of shock and post-shock temperatures. For silica, the method of measuring post-shock temperature is insensitive to predicting whether phase transitions actually occur during release. Measurements of release states in pressure-particle velocity space are compared to computed frozen-phase release paths. This comparison suggests transformation of a stishovite-like phase to lower density phases including quartz, liquid, or dense amorphous glass. Transformations to liquid or glass occur upon release from peak pressure of 26 GPa and above. The isentropic release assumption appears to be approximately valid. A shock pressure-temperature scale relating metamorphism of silica in shock-loaded quartz is proposed. Neither recovery of coesite nor substantial quantities of crystalline stishovite-like phases upon shock loading of quartz is predicted. Trace amounts of crystalline stishovite-like phases from shock loading between 15 and 26 GPa are expected. C1 CALTECH, Seismol Lab, Lindhurst Lab Expt Geophys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Plasma Phys P-24,MS E526, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM sluo@lanl.gov; tja@gps.caltech.edu; asimow@gps.caltech.edu RI Asimow, Paul/E-7451-2010; Luo, Sheng-Nian /D-2257-2010 OI Asimow, Paul/0000-0001-6025-8925; Luo, Sheng-Nian /0000-0002-7538-0541 NR 67 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 3 U2 15 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9313 EI 2169-9356 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth PD SEP 10 PY 2003 VL 108 IS B9 AR 2421 DI 10.1029/2002JB002317 PG 13 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 775BB UT WOS:000189019900002 ER PT J AU Holzrichter, JF Milanovich, FP AF Holzrichter, JF Milanovich, FP TI Optical techniques for identifying animal and plant pathogens SO JOURNAL OF MODERN OPTICS LA English DT Article ID ENZYMATIC AMPLIFICATION; CHAIN-REACTION; MICROCHIP PCR; DNA INVITRO; POLYMERASE AB The contemporary revolution in biochemistry, bio-physics, and medicine is leading to an understanding of how biological entities operate in varied environments. One consequence is the increased understanding of antibodies, fluorescence markers, special substrates, and uses of the polymerase chain reaction process with biological markers. In particular, these efforts are leading to pathogen detection systems that are lower in cost, more biochemically specific, more accurate, faster, smaller, less demanding of infrastructure, and more accessible to more people than ever before. Most of these systems use optical techniques. Examples of miniature, portable detection systems based upon nucleotide amplification and on fluorescence sorting, concentration, and detection are discussed. These are applicable to the detection of pathogens and related toxins that appear in medical, agricultural, and national security situations confronting us today. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Milanovich, FP (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0950-0340 J9 J MOD OPTIC JI J. Mod. Opt. PD SEP 10 PY 2003 VL 50 IS 13 BP 1949 EP 1956 DI 10.1080/0950034021000036205 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA 701FZ UT WOS:000184158700001 ER PT J AU Kemsley, JN Zaleski, KL Chow, MS Decker, A Shishova, EY Wasinger, EC Hedman, B Hodgson, KO Solomon, EI AF Kemsley, JN Zaleski, KL Chow, MS Decker, A Shishova, EY Wasinger, EC Hedman, B Hodgson, KO Solomon, EI TI Spectroscopic studies of the interaction of ferrous bleomycin with DNA SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-ABSORPTION; NONHEME IRON ENZYMES; ACTIVATED BLEOMYCIN; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC-ACID; COMPARATIVE BINDING; SYNTHETIC ANALOG; FERRIC BLEOMYCIN; STRAND-SCISSION; AMINO GROUP AB Bleomycin is an antibiotic used in cancer chemotherapy for its ability to achieve both single-and double-strand cleavage of DNA through abstraction of the deoxyribose C4'-H. Magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) and X-ray absorption (XAS) spectroscopies have been used to study the interaction of the biologically relevant (FeBLM)-B-II complex with DNA. Calf thymus DNA was used as the substrate as well as short oligonucleotides, including one with a preferred 5'-G-pyrimidine-3' cleavage site [d(GGAAGCTTCC)(2)] and one without [d(GGAAATTTCC)(2)]. DNA binding to (FeBLM)-B-II significantly perturbs the Fe-II active site, resulting in a change in intensity ratio of the d --> d transitions and a decrease in excited-state orbital splitting (Delta(5)E(g)). Although this effect is somewhat dependent on length and composition of the oligonucleotide, it is not correlated to the presence of a 5'-G-pyrimidine-3' cleavage site. No effect is observed on the charge-transfer transitions, indicating that the H-bonding recognition between the pyrimidine and guanine base does not perturb Fe-pyrimidine backbonding. Azide binding studies indicate that (FeBLM)-B-II bound to either oligomer has the same affinity for N-3(-). Parallel studies of BLM structural derivatives indicate that Fe-II iso-PEPLM, in which the carbamoyl group is shifted on the mannose sugar, forms the same DNA-bound species as (FeBLM)-B-II. In contrast, (FeDP)-D-II-PEPLM, in which the beta-aminoalanine group is absent, forms a new species upon DNA binding. These data are consistent with a model in which the primary amine from the beta-aminoalanine is an Fe-II ligand and the mannose carbamoyl provides either a ligand to the Fe-II or significant second-sphere effects on the Fe-II site; intercalation of the bithiazole tail into the double helix likely brings the metal-bound complex close enough to the DNA to create steric interactions that remove the sugar groups from interaction with the Fe-II. The fact that the Fe-II active site is perturbed regardless of DNA sequence is consistent with the fact that cleavage is observed for both 5'-GC-3' and nonspecific oligomers and indicates that different reaction coordinates may be active, depending on orientation of the deoxyribose C4'-H. C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, SLAC, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Chem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Hedman, B (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, SLAC, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR-01209]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM40392] NR 76 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 10 PY 2003 VL 125 IS 36 BP 10810 EP 10821 DI 10.1021/ja034579n PG 12 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 718NY UT WOS:000185154300021 PM 12952460 ER PT J AU Egli, M Tereshko, V Mushudov, GN Sanishvili, R Liu, XY Lewis, FD AF Egli, M Tereshko, V Mushudov, GN Sanishvili, R Liu, XY Lewis, FD TI Face-to-face and edge-to-face pi-pi interactions in a synthetic DNA hairpin with a stilbenediether linker SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID IRREGULAR NUCLEIC-ACIDS; DIVALENT METAL-IONS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES; MINOR-GROOVE; CONFORMATION; LOCALIZATION; BINDING AB Synthetic conjugates possessing bis(2-hydroxyethyl)stilbene-4,4'-diether linkers (Sd2) form the most stable DNA hairpins reported to date. Factors that affect stability are length and flexibility of the linkers and pi-stacking of the stilbene moiety on the adjacent base pair. The crystal structure of the hairpin d(GT(4)G)-Sd2-d(CA(4)C) was determined at 1.5 Angstrom resolution. The conformations of the two molecules in the asymmetric unit differ both in the linker and the stem portions. One of them shows a planar stilbene that is stacked on the adjacent G:C base pair. The other displays considerable rotation between the phenyl rings and an unprecedented edge-to-face orientation of stilbene and base pair. The observation of considerable variations in the conformation of the Sd moiety in the crystal structure allows us to exclude restriction of motion as the reason for the absence of Sd photoisomerization in the hairpins. Conformational differences in the stem portion of the two hairpin molecules go along with different Mg2+ binding modes. Most remarkable among them is the sequence-specific coordination of a metal ion in the narrow A-tract minor groove. The crystal structure provides unequivocal evidence that a fully hydrated Mg2+ ion can penetrate the narrow A-tract minor groove, causing the groove to further contract. Overall, the structural data provide a better understanding of the origins of hairpin stability and their photochemical behavior in solution. C1 Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Univ York, Dept Chem, Struct Biol Lab, York YO10 5YW, N Yorkshire, England. Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Evanston, IL 62008 USA. RP Egli, M (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Biol Sci, 221 Kirkland Hall, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM55237] NR 28 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 10 PY 2003 VL 125 IS 36 BP 10842 EP 10849 DI 10.1021/ja0355527 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 718NY UT WOS:000185154300024 PM 12952463 ER PT J AU Sullivan, RM Liu, HM Smith, DS Hanson, JC Osterhout, D Ciraolo, M Grey, CP Martin, JD AF Sullivan, RM Liu, HM Smith, DS Hanson, JC Osterhout, D Ciraolo, M Grey, CP Martin, JD TI Sorptive reconstruction of the CuAlCl4 framework upon reversible ethylene binding SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; SYNCHROTRON POWDER DIFFRACTION; AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; COPPER(I) COMPLEXES; POLYMER MEMBRANES; ALUMINUM-CHLORIDE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; CARBON-MONOXIDE; ZEOLITE HY; NMR AB Three ethylene adducts to CuAlCl4 have been characterized by single crystal and/or powder X-ray diffraction, C-13, Al-27 and Cu-63 MAS NMR and diffuse reflectance UV-vis spectroscopy. (C2H4)(2)CuAlCl4, a = 7.1274(5) b = 12.509(1) c = 11.997(3) beta = 91.19degrees, Pc, Z = 4; alpha-(C2H4)CuAlCl4, a = 7.041(3) b = 10.754(8) c = 11.742(9) beta = 102.48(6), P2(1), Z = 4 and beta-(C2H4)CuAlCl4, a = 7.306(2), b = 16.133(3), c = 7.094(1), Pna2(1), Z = 4. Up to 2 equiv of ethylene (similar to200 cm(3)/g relative to stp) are sorbed at room temperatures and pressures as low as 300 Torr. The ethylene ligands are bound to copper (1) primarily through a sigma-interaction, because the AlCl4- groups also bound to copper prevent any significant pi-backbonding. The olefin binding is reversible and has been characterized by gravimetric and volumetric adsorption analysis and by time and pressure resolved synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction. Comparison of the parent crystal structure to those of the adduct phases provide an atomistic picture of the sorptive reconstruction reactions. These are proposed to proceed by a classic substitution mechanism that is directed by the van der Waals channels of the parent crystalline lattice. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Martin, JD (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem, Box 8204, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RI Hanson, jonathan/E-3517-2010; OI Martin, James/0000-0001-7414-2683 NR 65 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 16 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 10 PY 2003 VL 125 IS 36 BP 11065 EP 11079 DI 10.1021/ja036172o PG 15 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 718NY UT WOS:000185154300050 PM 12952489 ER PT J AU Yang, M Somorjai, GA AF Yang, M Somorjai, GA TI Evidence for cyclohexyl as a reactive surface intermediate during high-pressure cyclohexane catalytic reactions on Pt(111) by sum frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID ENERGY ELECTRON-DIFFRACTION; CYCLIC HYDROCARBONS; IN-SITU; DEHYDROGENATION; BENZENE; PLATINUM; SPECTRA; METHYL; HREELS; 1,3-CYCLOHEXADIENE AB Sum frequency generation (SFG) surface vibrational spectroscopy has been used to identify reactive surface intermediates in situ during catalytic dehydrogenation reactions of high-pressure cyclohexane (C6H12) on the Pt(l 11) crystal surface in the presence and absence of high-pressure hydrogen. These experiments provide the first spectroscopic evidence of cyclohexyl (C6H11) as a reactive surface intermediate during the cyclohexane catalytic conversion to benzene at high pressure in the presence of excess hydrogen. In addition, it was proposed from temperature-dependent SFG experiments that dehydrogenation of cyclohexyl is a rate-limiting step in the cyclohexane catalytic conversion to benzene. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Somorjai, GA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 39 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 10 PY 2003 VL 125 IS 36 BP 11131 EP 11135 DI 10.1021/ja035710u PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 718NY UT WOS:000185154300056 PM 12952495 ER PT J AU Bobev, S Kleinke, H AF Bobev, S Kleinke, H TI Instabilities in the linear Sb atom chain of the new binary antimonide Ti11-xSb8-y SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID METAL-RICH POLYANTIMONIDES; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; COMPOUND; SYSTEMS; NETWORK; HF2TE; MO AB The new binary antimonide Ti11-xSb8-y was prepared from directly reacting the elements in stoichiometric ratios, either by melting the reaction mixture in an arc furnace or by annealing it in a resistance furnace above 1000degreesC. Ti11-xSb8-y is a nonstoichiometric compound with a small phase range that cannot be prepared with the idealized Ti:Sb ratio of 11:8. Ti10.84(3)Sb7.74(1) crystallizes in the Cr11Ge8 type, isostructural with (Zr,V)(11) Sb-8: space group Pnma, lattice dimensions a = 1462.28(9) pm, b = 559.72(4) pm, c = 1764.4(1) pm, V = 1.4441(2) nm(3) (Z = 4). One can describe this type as an intergrowth of distorted fragments of the NiAs and W5Si3 types. In addition to the dominating heteronuclear Ti-Sb bonds, the structure of Ti11-xSb8-y comprises several homonuclear Ti-Ti and Sb-Sb bonding interactions. Short bonds of alternating 276 and 284 pm occur in a linear nonclassical chain of mainly Sb atoms (i.e., 87% Sb and 13% Ti). According to our experiments, the incorporation of Ti atoms into this chain, which consists solely of Sb atoms with shorter interatomic distances than those in the ternary Zr-V antimonide, is necessary for the formation of this compound to balance the mismatch of bond length and strength in this chain. C1 Univ Waterloo, Dept Chem, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Kleinke, H (reprint author), Univ Waterloo, Dept Chem, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. NR 35 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0897-4756 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD SEP 9 PY 2003 VL 15 IS 18 BP 3523 EP 3529 DI 10.1021/cm034328d PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 719TT UT WOS:000185221500019 ER PT J AU Wheat, CG McManus, J Mottl, MJ Giambalvo, E AF Wheat, CG McManus, J Mottl, MJ Giambalvo, E TI Oceanic phosphorus imbalance: Magnitude of the mid-ocean ridge flank hydrothermal sink SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE ridge flank; hydrothermal; phosphate; Ocean Drilling Program; geochemical cycles ID HEAT-FLOW; FLUXES; SEDIMENTS; SYSTEM; PORE AB We present a new estimate for the crustal phosphorous sink that results from reactions among seawater, basalt, and sediment blanketing low temperature mid-ocean ridge flank hydrothermal systems. New estimates for global hydrothermal power output, sediment thickness, and the dissolved phosphate concentrations in basement formation fluids indicate that fluid flow through ridge flanks removes 2.8 x 10(10) mol P yr(-1). This value is larger (130%) than the riverine dissolved flux of inorganic phosphate and is as much as 35% of the sedimentary P sink. The concordant seawater flux (2.1 x 10(16) kg yr(-1)) is 65% of the riverine fluid flux and circulates a fluid volume equivalent to the entire ocean in about 70,000 yr. Additional sampling of seafloor springs is required to further constrain the range of calculated phosphate fluxes; nevertheless the modern phosphorus budget is clearly unbalanced with total sinks outpacing sources. C1 Oregon State Univ, Coll Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. Univ Hawaii, SOEST, Dept Oceanog, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Carlsbad, NM 88220 USA. Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Global Undersea Res Unit, Fairbanks, AK USA. RP Wheat, CG (reprint author), POB 475, Moss Landing, CA 95039 USA. EM wheat@mbari.org; mcmanus@coas.oregonstate.edu; mmottl@soest.hawaii.edu; josh_emily@pccnm.com NR 24 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD SEP 9 PY 2003 VL 30 IS 17 AR 1895 DI 10.1029/2003GL017318 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 774ZJ UT WOS:000189016000001 ER PT J AU Ertugrul, M AF Ertugrul, M TI Measurement of K, L and higher shell photoionisation cross-sections at 59.5 keV SO ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE photoionisation cross-section; X-ray fluorescence ID TOTAL ATOMIC ATTENUATION; X-RAY-FLUORESCENCE; KEV PHOTONS; ELEMENTS; YIELDS AB A simple and direct method has been developed to measure the K, L and higher shell photoionisation cross-sections of elements in the range 57 less than or equal to Z less than or equal to 68 at 59.5 keV. The K and L-i (i = 1, alpha, beta, gamma) X-ray intensities emitted by these elements, from irradiating their samples by the photons of above energy, are measured using a Si(Li) spectrometer system. The Kalpha and L-i X-ray fluorescence cross-sections of the above elements are determined, and the total, K and L shell photoelectric cross-sections are evaluated. The present experimental results are in agreement with the theoretical values. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Ataturk Univ, Dept Phys, KK Educ Fac, TR-25240 Erzurum, Turkey. RP Ertugrul, M (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008,MS6354, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Ertugrul, Mehmet/J-1443-2014 NR 16 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0003-2670 J9 ANAL CHIM ACTA JI Anal. Chim. Acta PD SEP 8 PY 2003 VL 491 IS 2 BP 239 EP 244 DI 10.1016/S0003-2670(03)00801-8 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 718PR UT WOS:000185156100013 ER PT J AU Gerbi, JE Auciello, O Birrell, J Gruen, DM Alphenaar, BW Carlisle, JA AF Gerbi, JE Auciello, O Birrell, J Gruen, DM Alphenaar, BW Carlisle, JA TI Electrical contacts to ultrananocrystalline diamond SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID THIN-FILMS AB The contact behavior of various metals on n-type nitrogen-doped ultrananocrystalline diamond (UNCD) thin films has been investigated. The influences of the following parameters on the current-voltage characteristics of the contacts are presented: (1) electronegativity and work function of various metals, (2) an oxidizing acid surface cleaning step, and (3) oxide formation at the film/contact interface. Near-ideal ohmic contacts are formed in every case, while Schottky barrier contacts prove more elusive. These results counter most work discussed to date on thin diamond films, and are discussed in the context of the unique grain-boundary conductivity mechanism of the nitrogen-doped UNCD. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Dept Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Louisville, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. RP Gerbi, JE (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Dept Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 12 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 19 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD SEP 8 PY 2003 VL 83 IS 10 BP 2001 EP 2003 DI 10.1063/1.1609043 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 717LJ UT WOS:000185089800032 ER PT J AU Kilic, C Zunger, A AF Kilic, C Zunger, A TI Doping of chalcopyrites by hydrogen SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CUINSE2; PASSIVATION; DIFFUSION; STATE; FILMS; GAP AB First-principles total-energy calculations for hydrogen impurities in CuInSe2 (CIS) and CuGaSe2 (CGS) show that H+ takes up the Cu-Se bond center position, whereas H-0 and H- take up tetrahedral interstitial site next to In (in CIS) or Ga (in CGS). Hydrogen creates a negative-U center (i.e., H-0 is never stable), with a (+/-) transition level at E-c-0.39 eV in CIS, and E-c-0.57 eV in CGS. However, once combined with the 2V(Cu)(-)+IIICu2+ complex, hydrogen forms shallower centers with transition levels at E-c-0.15 eV in CIS, and E-c-0.39 eV in CGS. We conclude that hydrogen could convert CIS to n type, but not CGS. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Kilic, C (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RI Kilic, Cetin/E-1336-2011; Zunger, Alex/A-6733-2013 OI Kilic, Cetin/0000-0003-2690-4940; NR 22 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD SEP 8 PY 2003 VL 83 IS 10 BP 2007 EP 2009 DI 10.1063/1.1608494 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 717LJ UT WOS:000185089800034 ER PT J AU Cheon, KO Shinar, J AF Cheon, KO Shinar, J TI Combinatorial fabrication and study of doped-layer-thickness-dependent color evolution in bright small molecular organic light-emitting devices SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DIODES AB The behavior of [N,N-'-diphenyl-N,N-'-bis(1-naphthylphenyl)-1,1(')-biphenyl-4,4(')-diamine (alpha-NPD)]/[5+/-0.6 wt % [(2-methyl-6-{2-[2,3,6,7-tetrahydro-1H,5H-benzo(i,j)quinolizin-9-yl] ethenyl}-4H-pyran-4-ylidene)propane-dinitrile (DCM2)-doped alpha-NPD]/[4,4(')-bis(2,2(')-diphenylvinyl)-1,1(')-biphenyl] organic light-emitting devices is described. The color of the devices shifts from blue to red as the thickness of the doped layer increases from 0 to 35 Angstrom. The 2-Angstrom-thick doped layer device exhibited the highest brightness Lsimilar to120 Cd/m(2) and external quantum efficiency eta(ext)similar to4.4% at a current density of 1 mA/cm(2). (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Iowa State Univ, US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Cheon, KO (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 14 TC 21 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD SEP 8 PY 2003 VL 83 IS 10 BP 2073 EP 2075 DI 10.1063/1.1601674 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 717LJ UT WOS:000185089800056 ER PT J AU Baum, RM Klinman, J Bartlett, N Schleyer, PV Newman, LS Corey, EJ Olah, GA Nagler, P Djerassi, C Dicciani, NK Schroder, KH Cole, GD Robinson, GH Hoffmann, R Poulter, CD Smith, AB Burrows, C Morrissey, SR Forsen, S Raade, G Connelly, TM Butler, A Gray, HB Valentine, JS Ellis, AB Schwab, E Hanson, DJ Whitesides, GM Breslow, R Sacks, O Halford, B Ahmed, MF Tungsheng, L Greenspan, A Ritter, SK Makhijani, A Chu, PCW Jackson, NB Zurer, PS Mitchell, PCH Armstrong, JT Grubbs, RH Halpern, J Overman, L Shaw, A Wolke, RL Henry, C Gerrard, S Ulrich, N Dittmer, DC Stang, PJ Kaner, R Dalton, LW Peters, JA Raber, DJ Scerri, ER Schrock, RR Lowden, R Brot, F Shott, I Eisenberg, R Gross, RM Lightman, A Baum, RM Nriagu, JO Shakhashiri, BZ Burford, N Hogue, C Corson, DR Orozco, LA Ames, DP Wall, G Grae, SH Raber, L Eichstaedt, P Giroux, R Baker, SM Pepling, RS Schulz, WG Yarnell, A Kemsley, J Ghiorso, A Choppin, GR Nurmia, M Trzaska, SM Freemantle, M Zvara, IJ Seaborg, E Armbruster, P Rife, P Hoffman, DC AF Baum, RM Klinman, J Bartlett, N Schleyer, PV Newman, LS Corey, EJ Olah, GA Nagler, P Djerassi, C Dicciani, NK Schroder, KH Cole, GD Robinson, GH Hoffmann, R Poulter, CD Smith, AB Burrows, C Morrissey, SR Forsen, S Raade, G Connelly, TM Butler, A Gray, HB Valentine, JS Ellis, AB Schwab, E Hanson, DJ Whitesides, GM Breslow, R Sacks, O Halford, B Ahmed, MF Tungsheng, L Greenspan, A Ritter, SK Makhijani, A Chu, PCW Jackson, NB Zurer, PS Mitchell, PCH Armstrong, JT Grubbs, RH Halpern, J Overman, L Shaw, A Wolke, RL Henry, C Gerrard, S Ulrich, N Dittmer, DC Stang, PJ Kaner, R Dalton, LW Peters, JA Raber, DJ Scerri, ER Schrock, RR Lowden, R Brot, F Shott, I Eisenberg, R Gross, RM Lightman, A Baum, RM Nriagu, JO Shakhashiri, BZ Burford, N Hogue, C Corson, DR Orozco, LA Ames, DP Wall, G Grae, SH Raber, L Eichstaedt, P Giroux, R Baker, SM Pepling, RS Schulz, WG Yarnell, A Kemsley, J Ghiorso, A Choppin, GR Nurmia, M Trzaska, SM Freemantle, M Zvara, IJ Seaborg, E Armbruster, P Rife, P Hoffman, DC TI The periodic table SO CHEMICAL & ENGINEERING NEWS LA English DT Article C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Heavy Element Grp, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Klinman, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Valentine, Joan/B-6665-2008; grubbs, robert/D-4293-2009 OI Valentine, Joan/0000-0002-7174-925X; grubbs, robert/0000-0002-0057-7817 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 20 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0009-2347 J9 CHEM ENG NEWS JI Chem. Eng. News PD SEP 8 PY 2003 VL 81 IS 36 BP 27 EP + DI 10.1021/cen-v081n036.p027 PG 98 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 719TD UT WOS:000185220000040 ER PT J AU Jalilehvand, F Lim, BS Holm, RH Hedman, B Hodgson, KO AF Jalilehvand, F Lim, BS Holm, RH Hedman, B Hodgson, KO TI X-ray absorption spectroscopy of a structural analogue of the oxidized active sites in the sulfite oxidase enzyme family and related molybdenum(V) complexes SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID DMSO REDUCTASE FAMILY; ALDEHYDE OXIDOREDUCTASE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; XANTHINE-OXIDASE; BIS(DITHIOLENE)TUNGSTEN(IV,VI) COMPLEXES; CO DEHYDROGENASE; REACTIVITY; MECHANISM; TUNGSTEN; MOLYBDOENZYMES C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, SLAC, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Chem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Harvard Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Chem, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Holm, RH (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, SLAC, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR-01209] NR 34 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD SEP 8 PY 2003 VL 42 IS 18 BP 5531 EP 5536 DI 10.1021/ic030039f PG 6 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 719RZ UT WOS:000185219500019 PM 12950200 ER PT J AU Da Re, RE Kuehl, CJ Brown, MG Rocha, RC Bauer, ED John, KD Morris, DE Shreve, AP Sarrao, JL AF Da Re, RE Kuehl, CJ Brown, MG Rocha, RC Bauer, ED John, KD Morris, DE Shreve, AP Sarrao, JL TI Electrochemical and spectroscopic characterization of the novel charge-transfer ground state in diimine complexes of ytterbocene SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID RESONANCE RAMAN-SPECTRUM; EXCITED-STATE; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; ELECTRONIC-SPECTRA; YB3+ IONS; 1,10-PHENANTHROLINE; CRYSTALS; LIGAND; ANION; BIS(BETA-DIKETONATO)CHROMIUM(III) C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Morris, DE (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Bauer, Eric/D-7212-2011; Morris, David/A-8577-2012; OI John, Kevin/0000-0002-6181-9330 NR 46 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD SEP 8 PY 2003 VL 42 IS 18 BP 5551 EP 5559 DI 10.1021/ic030069i PG 9 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 719RZ UT WOS:000185219500022 PM 12950203 ER PT J AU Bean, AC Scott, BL Albrecht-Schmitt, TE Runde, W AF Bean, AC Scott, BL Albrecht-Schmitt, TE Runde, W TI Structural and spectroscopic trends in actinyl iodates of uranium, neptunium, and plutonium SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID DIMENSIONAL URANYL IODATES C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Auburn Univ, Dept Chem, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. Auburn Univ, Leach Nucl Sci Ctr, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. RP Runde, W (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Scott, Brian/D-8995-2017 OI Scott, Brian/0000-0003-0468-5396 NR 19 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD SEP 8 PY 2003 VL 42 IS 18 BP 5632 EP 5636 DI 10.1021/ic0341688 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 719RZ UT WOS:000185219500030 PM 12950211 ER PT J AU Koshino, N Espenson, JH AF Koshino, N Espenson, JH TI Kinetics and mechanism of oxygen atom transfer from methyl phenyl sulfoxide to triarylphosphines catalyzed by an oxorhenium(V) dimer SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PYRIDINE N-OXIDES; OXO-COMPLEXES; RHENIUM; METHYLTRIOXORHENIUM(VII); REACTIVITY; OXIDATION; LIGANDS; MONOMERIZATION; INTERMEDIATE; BONDS AB An oxorhenium(V) dimer, {MeReO(mtp)}(2), D, where mtpH(2) is 2-(mercaptomethyl)thiophenol, catalyzes oxygen atom transfer reaction from methyl phenyl sulfoxide to triarylphosphines. Kinetic studies in benzene-d(6) at 23degreesC indicate that the reaction takes place through the formation of an adduct between D and sulfoxide. The equilibrium constants, K-DL, for adduct formation were determined by spectrophotometric titration, and the values of K-DL for MeS(O)C6H4-4-R were obtained as 14.1(2), 5.7(l), and 2.1(1) for R = Me, H, and Br, respectively. Following sulfoxide binding, oxygen atom transfer occurs with either internal or external nucleophilic assistance. Because {MeReO(mtp)}(2) is a much more reactive catalyst than its monomerized form, MeReO(mtp)PPh3, loss of the active catalyst during the time course of the reaction must be taken into account as a part of the kinetic analysis. As it happens, sulfoxide catalyzes monomerization. Monomerization by triarylphosphines was also studied in the presence of sulfoxide, and a mechanism for that reaction was also proposed. Both the phosphine-assisted monomerization and the phosphine-assisted pathway for oxygen atom transfer involve transition states with ternary components, D, sulfoxide, and phosphine, which we suggest are structural isomers of one another. C1 Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Espenson, JH (reprint author), Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 33 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD SEP 8 PY 2003 VL 42 IS 18 BP 5735 EP 5742 DI 10.1021/ic034322q PG 8 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 719RZ UT WOS:000185219500043 PM 12950224 ER PT J AU Szpunar, DE Liu, Y McCullagh, MJ Butler, LJ Shu, J AF Szpunar, DE Liu, Y McCullagh, MJ Butler, LJ Shu, J TI Photodissociation of allyl-d(2) iodide excited at 193 nm: Stability of highly rotationally excited H2CDCH2 radicals to C-D fission SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID UNIMOLECULAR DISSOCIATION; CROSS-SECTIONS; PHOTOIONIZATION; DYNAMICS; SPECTROSCOPY; PROPYNE; C3H5 AB The photodissociation of allyl-d(2) iodide (H2C=CDCH2I) and the dynamics of the nascent allyl-d(2) radical (H2CCDCH2) were studied using photofragment translational spectroscopy. A previous study found the allyl radical stable at internal energies up to 15 kcal/mol higher than the 60 kcal/mol barrier to allene+H formation as the result of a centrifugal barrier. The deuterated allyl radical should then also show a stability to secondary dissociation at internal energies well above the barrier due to centrifugal effects. A comparison in this paper shows the allyl-d(2) radical is stable to allene+D formation at energies of 2-3 kcal/mol higher than that of the nondeuterated allyl radical following photolysis of allyl iodide at 193 nm. This is most likely a result of a combination of the slight raising of the barrier from the difference in zero-point levels and a reduction of the impact parameter of the dissociative fragments due to the decrease in frequency of the C-D bending modes, and therefore allene+D product orbital angular momentum, \(L) over right arrow\=mu\(v) over right arrow (rel)\b. The integrated signal taken at m/e=40 (allene) and m/e=41 (allene-d(1) and propyne-d(3)) shows a minor fraction of the allyl-d(2) radicals isomerize to the 2-propenyl radical, in qualitative support of earlier conclusions of the domination of direct allene+H formation over isomerization. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Chicago, James Franck Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Chem, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Szpunar, DE (reprint author), Univ Chicago, James Franck Inst, 5640 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. NR 17 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD SEP 8 PY 2003 VL 119 IS 10 BP 5078 EP 5084 DI 10.1063/1.1596853 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 714EK UT WOS:000184899200010 ER PT J AU Sin, SJ AF Sin, SJ TI Localized tachyon mass and a g-theorem analogue SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article ID ORBIFOLDS; SYSTEMS; STRINGS AB We study the localized tachyon condensation (LTC) of non-supersymmetric orbifold backgrounds in their mirror Landau-Ginzburg picture. Using he existence of four copies of (2, 2) worldsheet supersymmetry, we show at the CFT level, that the minimal tachyon mass in twisted sectors shows somewhat analogous properties of c- or g-function. Namely, m := \alpha'M-min(2)\ satisfies m(M) greater than or equal to m(D-1 circle times D-2) = max{m(D-1), m(D-2)}. c-, g-, m-functions share the common property f (M) greater than or equal to f (D-1 circle plus D-2) for f = c, g, m, although they have different behavior in detail. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Hanyang Univ, Dept Phys, Seoul 133791, South Korea. RP Sin, SJ (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. NR 37 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD SEP 8 PY 2003 VL 667 IS 1-2 BP 310 EP 320 DI 10.1016/S0550-3213(03)00541-8 PG 11 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 719PA UT WOS:000185211100012 ER PT J AU Niemann, C Rosmej, FB Tauschwitz, A Neff, S Penache, D Birkner, R Constantin, C Knobloch, R Presura, R Hoffmann, DHH Yu, SS Lee, RW AF Niemann, C Rosmej, FB Tauschwitz, A Neff, S Penache, D Birkner, R Constantin, C Knobloch, R Presura, R Hoffmann, DHH Yu, SS Lee, RW TI Spectroscopic density and temperature measurements and modelling of a discharge plasma for neutralized ion-beam transport SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID LASER; FUSION; RADIATION; CHANNELS AB High-current discharge channels are ideally suited for the focusing and transport of intense charged particle beams. The azimuthal magnetic field provides a strong focusing force, which acts symmetrically towards the discharge axis. A sufficiently dense and hot plasma can also neutralize the beam current and space charge of very intense ion beams, relevant to a number of future applications. In this paper we present experiments on high-current discharge channels designed for the transport of heavy ion beams. A spectroscopic method is introduced, which allows us to determine both the plasma temperature and density in hydrogen-nitrogen plasmas, from comparisons of the measurements with computer calculations. The temperature is derived from a comparison of experimentally obtained relative nitrogen-line intensities with a collisional radiative rate modelling of the nitrogen plasma. The electron density is determined by a detailed line shape analysis of the Stark-broadened hydrogen Balmer lines. C1 Gesell Schwerionenforsch mbH, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Niemann, C (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Hoffmann, Dieter H.H./A-5265-2008 NR 32 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0022-3727 J9 J PHYS D APPL PHYS JI J. Phys. D-Appl. Phys. PD SEP 7 PY 2003 VL 36 IS 17 BP 2102 EP 2109 AR PII S0022-3727(03)61227-1 DI 10.1088/0022-3727/36/17/313 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 726ZG UT WOS:000185631000017 ER PT J AU Oltulu, O Zhong, Z Hasnah, M Wernick, MN Chapman, D AF Oltulu, O Zhong, Z Hasnah, M Wernick, MN Chapman, D TI Extraction of extinction, refraction and absorption properties in diffraction enhanced imaging SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PHASE-CONTRAST AB Diffraction enhanced imaging is a radiographic technique that derives contrast from an object's x-ray absorption, refraction gradient and small angle scatter properties (extinction). In prior work, images obtained using two analyser settings were combined to obtain refraction angle and apparent absorption images. A more general method of determining independently the refraction, absorption and extinction of the object is presented. This approach has been used to model the transmission, refraction and scatter distribution of the sample and to visualize these three physical phenomena separately. C1 IIT, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Qatar, Dept Phys & Med Phys, Doha, Qatar. RP Oltulu, O (reprint author), IIT, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. RI Wernick, Miles/J-8394-2013; Chapman, Dean/I-6168-2013 OI Wernick, Miles/0000-0001-6736-478X; Chapman, Dean/0000-0001-6590-4156 NR 14 TC 103 Z9 109 U1 2 U2 7 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0022-3727 J9 J PHYS D APPL PHYS JI J. Phys. D-Appl. Phys. PD SEP 7 PY 2003 VL 36 IS 17 BP 2152 EP 2156 AR PII S0022-3727(03)58876-3 DI 10.1088/0022-3727/36/17/320 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 726ZG UT WOS:000185631000024 ER PT J AU Semak, VV Knorovsky, GA MacCallum, D AF Semak, VV Knorovsky, GA MacCallum, D TI On the possibility of microwelding with laser beams SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID GEOMETRY; KEYHOLE; METALS AB We define microwelds as having fusion zone dimensions of < 100 μm. At such small dimensions the required laser irradiance to produce melting is at or above conventional estimates of the irradiance required to produce drilling. The question thus arises if such small microwelds can be made via laser processes. A theoretical criterion defining the threshold pulse energy and beam intensity required for melt displacement (necessary for penetration-mode welding or drilling) is proposed. The results of numerical simulation present dependences of the threshold pulse energy and beam intensity as functions of laser pulse duration and beam radius. Experimental verification of the proposed criterion is described and a comparison of theoretical predictions and measurements is presented. C1 Penn State Univ, Ctr Electroopt, ARL, Kittanning, PA 16201 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Semak, VV (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Ctr Electroopt, ARL, 77 Glade Dr, Kittanning, PA 16201 USA. NR 18 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0022-3727 J9 J PHYS D APPL PHYS JI J. Phys. D-Appl. Phys. PD SEP 7 PY 2003 VL 36 IS 17 BP 2170 EP 2174 AR PII S0022-3727(03)64433-5 DI 10.1088/0022-3727/36/17/323 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 726ZG UT WOS:000185631000027 ER PT J AU Chowell, G Fenimore, PW Castillo-Garsow, MA Castillo-Chavez, C AF Chowell, G Fenimore, PW Castillo-Garsow, MA Castillo-Chavez, C TI SARS outbreaks in Ontario, Hong Kong and Singapore: the role of diagnosis and isolation as a control mechanism SO JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE SARS; SEIJR; outbreak ID ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME; CORONAVIRUS AB In this article we use global and regional data from the SARS epidemic in conjunction with a model of susceptible, exposed, infective, diagnosed, and recovered classes of people ("SEIJR") to extract average properties and rate constants for those populations. The model is fitted to data from the Ontario (Toronto) in Canada, Hong Kong in China and Singapore outbreaks and predictions are made based on various assumptions and observations, including the current effect of isolating individuals diagnosed with SARS. The epidemic dynamics for Hong Kong and Singapore appear to be different from the dynamics in Toronto, Ontario. Toronto shows a very rapid increase in the number of cases between March 31st and April 6th, followed by a significant slowing in the number of new cases. We explain this as the result of an increase in the diagnostic rate and in the effectiveness of patient isolation after March 26th. Our best estimates are consistent with SARS eventually being contained in Toronto, although the time of containment is sensitive to the parameters in our model. It is shown that despite the empirically modeled heterogeneity in transmission, SARS' average reproductive number is 1.2, a value quite similar to that computed for some strains of influenza (J. Math. Biol. 27 (1989) 233). Although it would not be surprising to see levels of SARS infection higher than 10% in some regions of the world (if unchecked), lack of data and the observed heterogeneity and sensitivity of parameters prevent us from predicting the long-term impact of SARS. The possibility that 10 or more percent of the world population at risk could eventually be infected with the virus in conjunction with a mortality rate of 3-7% or more, and indications of significant improvement in Toronto support the stringent measures that have been taken to isolate diagnosed cases. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Cornell Univ, Dept Biol Stat & Computat Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. Univ Colima, Fac Ciencias, Colima 28045, Colima, Mexico. Univ Colima, Fac Letras, Colima 28045, Colima, Mexico. RP Chowell, G (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, MS B258, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Chowell, Gerardo/A-4397-2008; Chowell, Gerardo/F-5038-2012; Castillo-Chavez, Carlos/E-1412-2014 OI Chowell, Gerardo/0000-0003-2194-2251; Castillo-Chavez, Carlos/0000-0002-1046-3901 NR 33 TC 99 Z9 108 U1 1 U2 10 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0022-5193 J9 J THEOR BIOL JI J. Theor. Biol. PD SEP 7 PY 2003 VL 224 IS 1 BP 1 EP 8 DI 10.1016/S0022-5193(03)00228-5 PG 8 WC Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA 713GM UT WOS:000184849200001 PM 12900200 ER PT J AU Wang, CY Dreger, DS Wang, CH Mayeri, D Berryman, JG AF Wang, CY Dreger, DS Wang, CH Mayeri, D Berryman, JG TI Field relations among coseismic ground motion, water level change and liquefaction for the 1999 Chi-Chi (M-w=7.5) earthquake, Taiwan SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ALLUVIAL-FAN; STRAIN AB [1] Field-based, basin-wide relations are discovered among coseismic ground motion, water-level change and liquefaction induced by the 1999 (M-w = 7.5) Chi-Chi earthquake, Taiwan. The relations imply thresholds of 4.4 m/s(2) and 0.6 m/s in the spectral acceleration and velocity at 1 Hz, respectively, below which pore pressure does not change appreciably and above which pore pressure increases exponentially with increasing acceleration and velocity. Liquefaction occurs when the 1-Hz spectral acceleration and velocity and the peak ground acceleration exceed -16 m/s(2), -2.4 m/s, and -2.5 m/s(2) (-0.26 g), respectively. Broad consistency between the present and previous results suggests that the relations may be transferable to other areas and may provide fundamental constraints for modeling coseismic pore-pressure increase and liquefaction. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Acad Sinica, Inst Earth Sci, Nankang, Taiwan. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Wang, CY (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Berryman, James/A-9712-2008 NR 21 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD SEP 6 PY 2003 VL 30 IS 17 AR 1890 DI 10.1029/2003GL017601 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 722DY UT WOS:000185361200002 ER PT J AU Birn, J Schindler, K Hesse, M AF Birn, J Schindler, K Hesse, M TI Formation of thin current sheets in the magnetotail: Effects of propagating boundary deformations SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE current sheet formation; substorm growth phase; substorm trigger ID DRIFT-KINK INSTABILITY; NEAR-EARTH MAGNETOTAIL; SUBSTORM GROWTH-PHASE; CURRENT DISRUPTION; MAGNETOSPHERIC SUBSTORMS; MAGNETIC-FIELD; NEUTRAL SHEET; LINEAR-THEORY; MECHANISM; ONSET AB [1] Observations and simulations have demonstrated the important role of thin current sheet formation in the course of substorms. Previously, using two-dimensional magnetohydrostatic equilibrium theory together with magnetic flux, entropy, and topology conservation, we demonstrated that a finite boundary deformation of magnetotail equilibria can lead to a loss of equilibrium; that is, equilibrium configurations that satisfy the constraints cease to exist when the boundary deformation exceeds a critical value. When the critical threshold is approached, locally the current density becomes infinite; that is, a thin current sheet is formed. Using time-dependent MHD simulations, we confirm the basic theoretical results. We further extend this work to study the effects of tailward propagating boundary perturbations, corresponding to the rise and subsequent reduction of a duskward electric field (rise and subsequent northward turning of southward IMF B-z). We demonstrate that these boundary conditions again can lead to thin current sheet formation and the possible loss of equilibrium (catastrophe) or onset of instability. Finite perturbations of magnitudes consistent with those observed can produce a strong local increase of the current density and a local reduction of the magnetic field component B-z in the center of the plasma sheet, so that kinetic instabilities and a dynamic evolution may be triggered. The current sheet formation is influenced not only by the magnitude and the duration of the applied electric field but also by the temporal profile: A sudden decrease of the driving electric field following a more gradual increase is more effective than a gradual decrease following a sudden increase. This may provide a clue for the apparent substorm triggering by sudden northward turning of the IMF. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Ruhr Univ Bochum, Inst Theoret Phys 4, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Birn, J (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS D466, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Hesse, Michael/D-2031-2012 NR 34 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD SEP 6 PY 2003 VL 108 IS A9 AR 1337 DI 10.1029/2002JA009641 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 722FP UT WOS:000185365000001 ER PT J AU Schiffer, J Gemmell, D AF Schiffer, J Gemmell, D TI False alarm? SO NEW SCIENTIST LA English DT Letter C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Schiffer, J (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU REED BUSINESS INFORMATION LTD PI SUTTON PA QUADRANT HOUSE THE QUADRANT, SUTTON SM2 5AS, SURREY, ENGLAND SN 0262-4079 J9 NEW SCI JI New Sci. PD SEP 6 PY 2003 VL 179 IS 2411 BP 24 EP 24 PG 1 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 719AF UT WOS:000185180300025 ER PT J AU Lu, WC Wang, CZ Ho, KM AF Lu, WC Wang, CZ Ho, KM TI Medium-sized silicon oxide clusters by Si3O3-ring assembly SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID VITREOUS SILICA; ELECTRONIC-PROPERTIES; RINGS; DEFECTS; SURFACE AB Using Si2O2 rhombuses and Si3O3 rings as building blocks, we have investigated the structures of medium-sized silicon oxide clusters. Total energies of a series of Si8On and Si12On clusters with different growth motifs have been studied using first-principles calculations. Our studies discover a new motif for medium-sized silicon oxide clusters in a form of wheel-like structure composed of Si3O3 rings. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, US Dept Energy, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Jilin Univ, State Key Lab Theoret & Computat Chem, Changchun 130023, Peoples R China. RP Wang, CZ (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, US Dept Energy, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM wangcz@ameslab.gov NR 30 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 2 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD SEP 5 PY 2003 VL 378 IS 3-4 BP 225 EP 231 DI 10.1016/S0009-2614(03)01219-3 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 722HA UT WOS:000185368300001 ER PT J AU Khanna, SN Rao, BK Jena, P Knickelbein, M AF Khanna, SN Rao, BK Jena, P Knickelbein, M TI Ferrimagnetism in Mn-7 cluster SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SMALL CHROMIUM CLUSTERS; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; MANGANESE CLUSTERS; NICKEL CLUSTERS; TRANSITION; APPROXIMATION; BEHAVIOR; MOLECULE; COBALT AB A synergistic approach consisting of Stern-Gerlach magnetic deflection experiments and first principles calculations provides the first conclusive evidence of ferrimagnetism in Mn clusters containing as few as seven atoms. The calculated magnetic moment of 0.71 mu(B)/atom of a Mn-7 cluster is in perfect agreement with the experimental value of 0.72 +/- 0.42 mu(B)/atom. This low value, which is a factor of seven smaller than its free atom value, is shown to result not from the reduction of the individual atomic moments, but from their ferrimagnetic coupling. The large uncertainty in the experimental measurement is explained by the existence of nearly degenerate isomers. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Phys, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Khanna, SN (reprint author), Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Phys, POB 842000, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. NR 35 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 1 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD SEP 5 PY 2003 VL 378 IS 3-4 BP 374 EP 379 DI 10.1016/S0009-2614(03)01235-1 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 722HA UT WOS:000185368300024 ER PT J AU Budker, D Kimball, DF Rochester, SM Urban, JT AF Budker, D Kimball, DF Rochester, SM Urban, JT TI Alignment-to-orientation conversion and nuclear quadrupole resonance SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID TENSOR OPERATOR-FORMALISM; MULTIPLE-QUANTUM NMR; MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; POLARIZATION; DYNAMICS; N-14 AB The role of alignment-to-orientation conversion (AOC) in nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) is discussed. AOC is shown to be the mechanism responsible for the appearance of macroscopic orientation in a sample originally lacking any global polarization. Parallels are drawn between NQR and AOC in atomic physics. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Budker, D (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM budker@socrates.berkeley.edu; dfk@uclink4.berkeley.edu; simonkeys@yahoo.com; jurban@ocf.berkeley.edu RI Budker, Dmitry/F-7580-2016 OI Budker, Dmitry/0000-0002-7356-4814 NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD SEP 5 PY 2003 VL 378 IS 3-4 BP 440 EP 448 DI 10.1016/S0009-2614(03)01327-7 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 722HA UT WOS:000185368300035 ER PT J AU Manaa, MR Ichord, HA Sprehn, DW AF Manaa, MR Ichord, HA Sprehn, DW TI Predicted molecular structure of novel C48B12 SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; C48N12; DENSITY AB We report results of full geometry optimization and harmonic vibrational frequencies of the minimum energy structure of C48B12, and two low-lying isomers at the B3LYP/6-31G* level of theory. The minimum energy structure of C48B12 proved to be the same as we have found in the case of C48N12 [J. Am. Chem. Soc. 124 (2002) 13990]. The two low-lying structures with D-3d and S-6 symmetry proved to be 15 and 26 kcal/mol energetically less stable, respectively. Mulliken charge analysis showed that the minimum energy structure of C48B12 could serve as an electron acceptor, in contrast to the donor character Of C48N12. (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Energet Mat Ctr, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Manaa, MR (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Energet Mat Ctr, POB 808,L-282, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM manaa1@llnl.gov NR 20 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD SEP 5 PY 2003 VL 378 IS 3-4 BP 449 EP 455 DI 10.1016/S0009-2614(03)01328-9 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 722HA UT WOS:000185368300036 ER PT J AU Contel, M Izuel, C Laguna, M Villuendas, PR Alonso, PJ Fish, RH AF Contel, M Izuel, C Laguna, M Villuendas, PR Alonso, PJ Fish, RH TI Fluorous biphasic catalysis: Synthesis and characterization of copper(I) and copper(II) fluoroponytailed 1,4,7-R-f-TACN and 2,2 '-R-f-bipyridine complexes - Their catalytic activity in the oxidation of hydrocarbons, olefins, and alcohols, including mechanistic implications SO CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE biphasic catalysis; copper; mechanisms; N ligands; oxidation ID TERT-BUTYL PERBENZOATE; PERFLUORINATED SOLVENTS; AEROBIC OXIDATION; (SALEN)MANGANESE COMPLEXES; ALKENE FUNCTIONALIZATION; M(C8F17(CH2)(2)CO2)(2) M; FLUORINATED MEDIA; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; SOLUBLE CATALYSTS; PHASE-SEPARATION AB In this contribution on fluorous biphasic catalysis (FBC), we present the synthesis and characterization of new copper complexes, and define their role, as precatalysts, in the FBC oxidation of hydrocarbons, olefins, and alcohols. Thus the previously reported, but poorly characterized, fluoroponytailed ligand, 2,2'-R-f-bipyridine (R-f = (CH2)(3)C8F17) 2, as well as the new Cull fluoroponytailed carboxylate synthon complex [Cu(C8F17(CH2)(2)CO2)(2)] 3, will be addressed. Moreover, the reaction of previously described ligands, 1,4,7-R-f-TACN 1, or 2,2'-Rf-bipyridine 2 with 3 afforded new perfluoroheptane-soluble Cu-II complexes, [Cu(C8F17(CH2)(2)CO2)(2)(R-f-tacn)] 4 and [Cu(C8F17(CH2)(2)CO2)(2)(R-f-bpy)] 5, respectively. The reaction of I with [Cu(CH3CN)(4)]PF6 or [CuCl] provided new Cu-I complexes, which could be isolated and fully characterized as [Cu(R-f-tacn)X']X, in which X = PF6 (6) or V' = Cl (7) (soluble in perfluoroheptane). The Cull and Cut complexes, 4-7, were characterized by elemental analysis, mass spectrometry, and IR, diffuse reflectance UV/Vis, and EPR spectroscopies; complex 7 was also characterized by H-1 and F-19{H-1} NMR spectroscopy. Complexes 4 and 5, as well as 6 and 7 generated in situ, were evaluated as precatalysts for hydrocarbon and olefin functionalization. The oxidation reactions of these substrates in the presence of the necessary oxidants, tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) and oxygen gas, proceeded under FBC conditions for 5, 7, and Cu-I salts with 2. However, the complexes with ligand 2 could not be recycled, owing to significant ligand dissociation. The Cull complex 4, with the ligand 1, provide the oxidation of 4-nitrobenzyl alcohol to 4-nitrobenzaldehyde under single-phase FBC conditions at 90degreesC with TEMPO (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl-1-oxy) and 02; the precatalyst 4, can be utilized for an additional four catalytic cycles without loss of activity. Plausible mechanisms concerning these FBC oxidation reactions will be discussed. C1 Univ Zaragoza, CSIC, Inst Ciencia Mat Aragon, Dept Quim Inorgan, Zaragoza 50009, Spain. Univ Zaragoza, CSIC, Inst Ciencia Mat Aragon, Dept Fis Mat Condensada, Zaragoza 50009, Spain. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Contel, M (reprint author), Univ Zaragoza, CSIC, Inst Ciencia Mat Aragon, Dept Quim Inorgan, Zaragoza 50009, Spain. EM mcontel@posta.unizar.es; mlaguna@posta.unizar.es; rhfish@lbl.gov RI Alonso, Pablo/L-2759-2014 OI Alonso, Pablo/0000-0003-3449-4929 NR 47 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 18 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0947-6539 J9 CHEM-EUR J JI Chem.-Eur. J. PD SEP 5 PY 2003 VL 9 IS 17 BP 4168 EP 4178 DI 10.1002/chem.200304771 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 721AL UT WOS:000185294800017 PM 12953202 ER PT J AU Gerasimov, MR Collier, L Ferrieri, A Alexoff, D Lee, D Gifford, AN Balster, RL AF Gerasimov, MR Collier, L Ferrieri, A Alexoff, D Lee, D Gifford, AN Balster, RL TI Toluene inhalation produces a conditioned place preference in rats SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE solvent; conditioned-place preference; addiction; (rodent) ID VOLATILE SUBSTANCE ABUSE; METHYL-D-ASPARTATE; MOTOR-ACTIVITY; SOLVENT ABUSE; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES; ORGANIC-SOLVENTS; INHALED TOLUENE; PLUS-MAZE; MICE; BEHAVIOR AB Toluene is a widely abused solvent with demonstrated addictive potential in humans. Here we explore if conditioned place preference can be used to study the abuse-related effects of inhaled toluene in rats. Animals were confined to a distirictive compartment of a three-compartment chamber while exposed to toluene vapor and later tested for preference for that compartment compared to appropriate control subjects. In this study, a flame ionization detector was used for on-line monitoring of toluene vapor concentrations inside the conditioning apparatus coupled with computerized recording of the time spent by the animals on the test day in each of the chambers. Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to 810, 1895 or 4950 ppm of toluene vapors in either the back or white compartment during 30-min pairing sessions given every other day alternating with air exposure for the total of six pairings for each treatment. Rats that received air in both sides (control group) did not show any preference for either side with approximately equal time spent in each compartment on the test day (241 +/- 33 and 234 +/- 34 s, for white and black box, respectively). However, the 1895- and 4950-ppm test groups, but not the 810-ppm group, demonstrated a significant preference for the side paired with toluene exposure. When a subsequent test session was performed during toluene exposures, no conditioned place preference was observed. Thus, toluene produced a clear conditioned place preference that appears to be most evident when animals are not intoxicated. This procedure should be useful for further studies of the abuse-related effects of abused inhalants. (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Virginia Commonwealth Univ Med Coll Virginia, Dept Pharmacol & Toxicol, Richmond, VA 23298 USA. RP Gerasimov, MR (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. FU NIDA NIH HHS [DA-03112] NR 50 TC 23 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2999 J9 EUR J PHARMACOL JI Eur. J. Pharmacol. PD SEP 5 PY 2003 VL 477 IS 1 BP 45 EP 52 DI 10.1016/j.ejphar.2003.08.022 PG 8 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 727TA UT WOS:000185674300007 PM 14512097 ER PT J AU Briknarova, K Akerman, ME Hoyt, DW Ruoslahti, E Ely, KR AF Briknarova, K Akerman, ME Hoyt, DW Ruoslahti, E Ely, KR TI Anastellin, an FN3 fragment with fibronectin polymerization activity, resembles amyloid fibril precursors SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE amyloid fibril; anastellin; extracellular matrix; fibronectin type 3 (FN3) domain; NMR ID AMBIGUOUS DISTANCE RESTRAINTS; SYNCHROTRON X-RAY; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; PROTEIN STRUCTURES; SELF-ASSOCIATION; BINDING-SITE; III MODULE; MEMBRANE BIOCHEMISTRY; AUTOMATED ASSIGNMENT; CELL-ADHESION AB Anastellin is a carboxy-terminal fragment of the first FN3 domain from human fibronectin. It is capable of polymerizing fibronectin in vitro, and it displays anti-tumor, anti-metastatic and anti-angiogenic properties in vivo. We have determined the structure of anastellin using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and identified residues critical for its activity. Anastellin exhibits dynamic fluctuations and conformational exchange in solution. Its overall topology is very similar to the corresponding region of full-length FN3 domains. However, its hydrophobic core becomes solvent-accessible and some of its beta-strands lose their protection against hydrogen bonding to beta-strands from other molecules. These features seem to be relevant for the fibronectin polymerization activity of anastellin and resemble the characteristics of amyloid fibril precursors. We suggest that this analogy is not random and may reflect similarities between fibronectin and amyloid fibril formation. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Burnham Inst, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Bioengn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EMSL, Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Ruoslahti, E (reprint author), Burnham Inst, 10901 N Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. RI Hoyt, David/H-6295-2013 FU NCI NIH HHS [1R41 CA82713, 5 P30 CA30199, CA88420]; PHS HHS [5 P01 82713-03] NR 62 TC 50 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 8 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0022-2836 J9 J MOL BIOL JI J. Mol. Biol. PD SEP 5 PY 2003 VL 332 IS 1 BP 205 EP 215 DI 10.1016/S0022-2836(03)00890-8 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 716ND UT WOS:000185034400018 PM 12946358 ER PT J AU Kollias, AC Lester, WA AF Kollias, AC Lester, WA TI Quantum Monte Carlo and electron localization function study of the electronic structure of CO2+ SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE-THEOCHEM LA English DT Article DE quantum Monte Carlo; CO2+ heat of formation; CS2+; electron localization function; quantum-chemical calculations AB The atomization energy and heat of formation of CO2+ are computed using the diffusion Monte Carlo (DMC) variant of quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) and compared with values determined at the Moller-Plesset second order (MP2), a generalized gradient approximation density functional theory (B3LYP-DFT), the coupled-cluster singles-doubles with perturbative triples [CCSD(T)] levels of theory. Hartree-Fock (HF) and complete active space self-consistent field (CASSCF) trial functions were used in the DMC calculations. A CASSCF trial function (TF) was found to yield an 8.1 kcal/mol improvement for both properties relative to the HF TF value. The DMC calculation with the HF TF gave an atomization energy of 374.0 kcal/mol, while the DMC result with the CASSCF TF yielded 382.1 kcal/mol; the experimental atomization energy is 381 kcal/mol. The DMC heat of formation is: 234.7 kcal/mol using the HF TF and 226.7 kcal/mol using the CASSCF TF. These values lie closer to experiment than results obtained from the MP2, DFT, and CCSD(T) methods, all at the complete basis set limit. The bonding character of CO2+ and CS2+ was examined using the electron localization function (ELF) method. The HF, MP2, and B3LYP-DFT wave functions were projected onto the single-triple and double-double resonance forms of the molecules to determine the relative contribution of the two forms to the ground state geometry. The double-double resonance form was found to be the larger contributor to the ground state for both systems. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Kenneth S Pitzer Ctr Theoret Chem, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM walester@cchem.berkeley.edu NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-1280 J9 J MOL STRUC-THEOCHEM JI Theochem-J. Mol. Struct. PD SEP 5 PY 2003 VL 634 BP 1 EP 9 DI 10.1016/S0166-1280(03)00332-4 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 722MZ UT WOS:000185380800001 ER PT J AU Abrikosov, AA AF Abrikosov, AA TI Quantum linear magnetoresistance; solution of an old mystery SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A-MATHEMATICAL AND GENERAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Strongly Correlated Electrons in New Materials CY DEC 14-17, 2002 CL LOUGHBOROUGH UNIV, LOUGHBOROUGH, ENGLAND HO LOUGHBOROUGH UNIV ID SILVER CHALCOGENIDES; METALS AB In this paper, the history of the discovery of the linear magnetoresistance in metals by Kapitza from 1928-1929 and its explanation are described. Actually, Kapitza discovered two different phenomena. One of them, the linear magnetoresistance at classically large magnetic fields in polycrystalline samples of metals, having open Fermi surfaces, was explained by Lifshits and Peschansky in 1958. The other phenomenon is the quantum linear magnetoresistance appearing in metals, or semimetals, with a small concentration of carriers and a small effective mass, when only the lowest Landau band participates in the conductivity. Manifestations of this unusual phenomenon in different materials are described. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Royal Soc London Mat Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Abrikosov, AA (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Royal Soc London Mat Sci Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 18 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 2 U2 21 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0305-4470 J9 J PHYS A-MATH GEN JI J. Phys. A-Math. Gen. PD SEP 5 PY 2003 VL 36 IS 35 BP 9119 EP 9131 AR PII S0305-4470(03)63822-9 DI 10.1088/0305-4470/36/35/301 PG 13 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 725WR UT WOS:000185565800002 ER PT J AU Latyshev, YI Monceau, P Sinchenko, AA Bulaevskii, LN Brazovskii, SA Kawae, T Yamashita, T AF Latyshev, YI Monceau, P Sinchenko, AA Bulaevskii, LN Brazovskii, SA Kawae, T Yamashita, T TI Interlayer tunnelling spectroscopy of the charge density wave state in NbSe3 SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A-MATHEMATICAL AND GENERAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Strongly Correlated Electrons in New Materials CY DEC 14-17, 2002 CL LOUGHBOROUGH UNIV, LOUGHBOROUGH, ENGLAND HO LOUGHBOROUGH UNIV ID HIGH MAGNETIC-FIELDS; METAL-INSULATOR-TRANSITION; SUPERCONDUCTING GAP; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; QUASI-PARTICLES; BI2SR2CACU2O8+DELTA; TRANSPORT; SUBMICRON; PSEUDOGAP; BI-2212 AB Using small staked junctions of high quality we have measured interlayer tunnelling spectra of the layered quasi-one-dimensional material NbSe3. We identified a number of new features in the spectra: zero bias conductance peak (ZBCP), charge density wave (CDW) gap structure for lower and upper CDW, the sub-gap structure inside the CDW gap. The ZBCP dominates in low-temperature spectra. We discuss its origin as being related to the interlayer coherent tunnelling of the carriers uncondensed into CDW. We found that ZBCP is sensitive to magnetic field and its orientation. The field perpendicular to the layers broadens ZBCP while the parallel field narrows it. We consider the sub-gap structure as associated with self-localized states inside the gap. C1 RAS, Inst Radio Engn & Elect, Moscow 101999, Russia. CNRS, CRTBT, F-38042 Grenoble, France. CEA Saclay, CNRS, Leon Brillouin Lab, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Moscow Engn Phys Inst, Moscow 115409, Russia. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Paris 11, LPTMS, CNRS, F-91405 Orsay, France. Tohoku Univ, RIEC, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan. Tohoku Univ, NICHE, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan. RP Latyshev, YI (reprint author), RAS, Inst Radio Engn & Elect, Mokhovaya 11-7, Moscow 101999, Russia. RI Brazovskii, Serguei/A-9608-2012 OI Brazovskii, Serguei/0000-0001-8147-9655 NR 28 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0305-4470 J9 J PHYS A-MATH GEN JI J. Phys. A-Math. Gen. PD SEP 5 PY 2003 VL 36 IS 35 BP 9323 EP 9335 AR PII S0305-4470(03)59499-9 DI 10.1088/0305-4470/36/35/317 PG 13 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 725WR UT WOS:000185565800018 ER PT J AU Allen, LJ Findlay, SD Lupini, AR Oxley, MP Pennycook, SJ AF Allen, LJ Findlay, SD Lupini, AR Oxley, MP Pennycook, SJ TI Atomic-resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy imaging in aberration corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID INELASTICALLY SCATTERED ELECTRONS; SHELL IONIZATION; K-SHELL; CRYSTALS; CONTRAST; DIFFRACTION; IMAGES; STEM; DELOCALIZATION; PROBE AB The "delocalization" of inelastic scattering is an important issue for the ultimate spatial resolution of innershell spectroscopy in the electron microscope. It is demonstrated in a nonlocal model for electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) that delocalization of scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) images for single, isolated atoms is primarily determined by the width of the probe, even for light atoms. We present experimental data and theoretical simulations for Ti L-shell EELS in a [100] SrTiO3 crystal showing that, in this case, delocalization is not significantly increased by dynamical propagation. Issues relating to the use of aberration correctors in the STEM geometry are discussed. C1 Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Allen, LJ (reprint author), Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia. RI Findlay, Scott/C-9764-2013 OI Findlay, Scott/0000-0003-4862-4827 NR 31 TC 72 Z9 72 U1 2 U2 27 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 5 PY 2003 VL 91 IS 10 AR 105503 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.105503 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 724KA UT WOS:000185485700025 PM 14525490 ER PT J AU Craig, K Comfort, JR Allgower, CE Bekrenev, V Berger, E Briscoe, WJ Clajus, M Draper, B Grosnick, D Isenhower, D Knecht, N Koetke, D Koulbardis, A Kozlenko, N Kruglov, S Lolos, GJ Lopatin, I Manley, DM Manweiler, R Marusic, A McDonald, S Nefkens, BMK Olmsted, J Papandreou, Z Peaslee, D Phaisangittisakul, N Prakhov, S Price, JW Pulver, M Ramirez, AF Sadler, ME Shafi, A Spinka, H Stanislaus, S Starostin, A Supek, I Staudenmaier, HM Tippens, WB AF Craig, K Comfort, JR Allgower, CE Bekrenev, V Berger, E Briscoe, WJ Clajus, M Draper, B Grosnick, D Isenhower, D Knecht, N Koetke, D Koulbardis, A Kozlenko, N Kruglov, S Lolos, GJ Lopatin, I Manley, DM Manweiler, R Marusic, A McDonald, S Nefkens, BMK Olmsted, J Papandreou, Z Peaslee, D Phaisangittisakul, N Prakhov, S Price, JW Pulver, M Ramirez, AF Sadler, ME Shafi, A Spinka, H Stanislaus, S Starostin, A Supek, I Staudenmaier, HM Tippens, WB CA Crystal Ball Collaboration TI Dynamics of the pi(-) p -> pi(0)pi(0)n reaction for p(pi)- < 750 MeV/c SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CRYSTAL-BALL DETECTOR; NUCLEAR MEDIUM; SIGMA-MESON; MODEL AB Data are presented for the reaction pi(-) p --> pi(0) pi(0) n in the range from threshold to p(pi)- = 750 MeV/c. The systematics of the data and multipole analyses are examined for sensitivity to a f(0)(600) ("sigma") meson. A one-pion-exchange mechanism is found to be very weak, or absent. The reaction appears to become dominated by sequential pi(0) decays through the Delta(1232) resonance as the beam momentum increases, along with substantial interference effects from several competing mechanisms. C1 Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, Gatchina 188350, Leningrad Dist, Russia. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. George Washington Univ, Washington, DC 20052 USA. Abilene Christian Univ, Abilene, TX 79699 USA. Valparaiso Univ, Valparaiso, IN 46383 USA. Univ Regina, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada. Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Rudjer Boskovic Inst, Zagreb 10002, Croatia. Univ Karlsruhe, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany. RP Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. NR 19 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 5 PY 2003 VL 91 IS 10 AR 102301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.102301 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 724KA UT WOS:000185485700008 ER PT J AU Hatta, Y Stephanov, MA AF Hatta, Y Stephanov, MA TI Proton-number fluctuation as a signal of the QCD critical end point SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID NUCLEUS-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS; CHIRAL-SYMMETRY; TEMPERATURE; SUSCEPTIBILITY; DENSITY; EQUILIBRATION; RESTORATION AB We argue that the event-by-event fluctuation of the proton number is a meaningful and promising observable for the purpose of detecting the QCD critical end point in heavy-ion collision experiments. The long range fluctuation of the order parameter induces a characteristic correlation between protons which can be measured. The proton fluctuation also manifests itself as anomalous enhancement of charge fluctuations near the end point, which might be already seen in existing data. C1 Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. RIKEN, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Hatta, Y (reprint author), Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. NR 36 TC 138 Z9 140 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 5 PY 2003 VL 91 IS 10 AR 102003 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.102003 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 724KA UT WOS:000185485700007 PM 14525472 ER PT J AU Kulp, WD Wood, JL Krane, KS Loats, J Schmelzenbach, P Stapels, CJ Larimer, RM Norman, EB AF Kulp, WD Wood, JL Krane, KS Loats, J Schmelzenbach, P Stapels, CJ Larimer, RM Norman, EB TI Low-energy coexisting band in Gd-154 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MASS NUCLEI; GD NUCLEI; DECAY; MODEL; ISOMERS AB A low-energy coexisting band J(pi) (E-x keV) 0(+) (1182), 2(+) (1418), 4(+) (1701) is identified in the deformed nucleus, Gd-154. Detailed gamma-ray spectroscopy following the beta decays of Eu-154 (J = 3), Tb-154g,Tb-m1,Tb-m2 (J = 0, 3, 7) is used to establish this structure. The structure is explained in terms of the pairing and deformation degrees of freedom, a "pairing isomer," which results from the nu[505] up arrow Nilsson intruder orbital. C1 Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. Oregon State Univ, Dept Phys, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Kulp, WD (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. NR 22 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 5 PY 2003 VL 91 IS 10 AR 102501 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.102501 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 724KA UT WOS:000185485700009 PM 14525474 ER PT J AU Li, JH Moss, SC Zhang, Y Mascarenhas, A Pfeiffer, LN West, KW Ge, WK Bai, J AF Li, JH Moss, SC Zhang, Y Mascarenhas, A Pfeiffer, LN West, KW Ge, WK Bai, J TI Layer ordering and faulting in (GaAs)(n)/(AlAs)(n) ultrashort-period superlattices SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID INTERFACES; GROWTH; SEGREGATION; STATES; ALLOY; GA AB We report studies of (GaAS)(n)/(AlAs)(n) ultrashort-period superlattices using synchrotron x-ray scattering. In particular, we demonstrate that interfaces of these superlattices contain features on two different length scales: namely, random atomic mixture and ordered mesoscopic domains. Both features are asymmetric on the two interfaces (AlAs-on-GaAs and GaAs-on-AlAs) for n > 2. Periodic compositional stacking faults, arising from the intrinsic nature of molecular-beam epitaxy, are found in the superlattices. In addition, the effect of growth interruption on the interfacial structure is discussed. The relevant scattering theory is developed to give excellent fits to the data. C1 Univ Houston, Dept Phys, Houston, TX 77204 USA. Univ Houston, Texas Ctr Superconduct & Adv Mat, Houston, TX 77204 USA. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Bell Labs, Lucent Technol, Murray Hill, NJ 07974 USA. Hong Kong Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Li, JH (reprint author), Univ Houston, Dept Phys, Houston, TX 77204 USA. RI Bai, Jianming/O-5005-2015 NR 17 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 5 PY 2003 VL 91 IS 10 AR 106103 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.106103 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 724KA UT WOS:000185485700030 PM 14525495 ER PT J AU Ramallo-Lopez, JM Renteria, M Miro, EE Requejo, FG Traverse, A AF Ramallo-Lopez, JM Renteria, M Miro, EE Requejo, FG Traverse, A TI Structure of extremely nanosized and confined In-O species in ordered porous materials SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-ABSORPTION; SMALL-ANGLE SCATTERING; SELECTIVE REDUCTION; NITRIC-OXIDE; CATALYSTS; INDIUM; SPECTROSCOPY; CLUSTERS; METHANE; IN2O3 AB Perturbed-angular correlation, x-ray absorption, and small-angle x-ray scattering spectroscopies were suitably combined to elucidate the local structure of highly diluted and dispersed InOx species confined in the porous of the ZSM5 zeolite. This novel approach allow us to determined the structure of extremely nanosized In-O species exchanged inside the 10-atom-ring channel of the zeolite, and to quantify the amount of In2O3 crystallites deposited onto the external zeolite surface. C1 Natl Univ La Plata, Dept Fis, FCE, RA-1900 La Plata, Argentina. Univ Paris 11, LURE, F-91898 Orsay, France. Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, INCAPE, FIQ, UNL, RA-3000 Santa Fe, Argentina. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Natl Univ La Plata, Dept Fis, FCE, CC 67, RA-1900 La Plata, Argentina. OI Ramallo-Lopez, Jose Martin/0000-0002-8233-2644 NR 32 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 5 PY 2003 VL 91 IS 10 AR 108304 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.108304 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 724KA UT WOS:000185485700052 PM 14525517 ER PT J AU Uberuaga, BP Voter, AF Sieber, KK Sholl, DS AF Uberuaga, BP Voter, AF Sieber, KK Sholl, DS TI Mechanisms and rates of interstitial H-2 diffusion in crystalline C-60 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MINIMUM ENERGY PATHS; ELASTIC BAND METHOD; SOLID C-60; TRANSPORT-DIFFUSIVITIES; INTERCALATED C-60; FIRST-PRINCIPLES; SADDLE-POINTS; HYDROCARBONS; SILICALITE; KINETICS AB Parallel replica dynamics and minimum energy path calculations have been used to study the diffusion mechanisms of H-2 in fcc C-60. Isolated interstitial H-2 molecules bind preferentially in the lattice octahedral (O) sites and diffuse by hopping between O and tetrahedral sites. The simulations reveal an unexpected mechanism involving an H-2 molecule diffusing through an already occupied O site, creating an H-2 dimer, with a lower activation barrier than diffusion into an empty O site. Kinetic Monte Carlo simulations of a lattice model based on these mechanisms indicate that events involving dimers greatly enhance the self-diffusion rates of interstitial H-2 in fee C-60. C1 Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. RP Sholl, DS (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. NR 25 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 5 PY 2003 VL 91 IS 10 AR 105901 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.105901 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 724KA UT WOS:000185485700027 PM 14525492 ER PT J AU Steinberg, M AF Steinberg, M TI Issues of carbon sequestration SO SCIENCE LA English DT Letter C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Melville, NY 11747 USA. RP Steinberg, M (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, 15 Alderfield Lane, Melville, NY 11747 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD SEP 5 PY 2003 VL 301 IS 5638 BP 1326 EP 1326 PG 1 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 717XQ UT WOS:000185116400018 ER PT J AU Hastie, JE Hopkins, JM Jeon, CW Calvez, S Burns, D Dawson, MD Abram, R Riis, E Ferguson, AI Alford, WJ Raymond, TD Allerman, AA AF Hastie, JE Hopkins, JM Jeon, CW Calvez, S Burns, D Dawson, MD Abram, R Riis, E Ferguson, AI Alford, WJ Raymond, TD Allerman, AA TI Microchip vertical external cavity surface emitting lasers SO ELECTRONICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HIGH-POWER; SEMICONDUCTOR-LASERS AB Monolithic vertical external cavity surface emitting lasers of cavity mode volume <1 mm(3) have been fabricated in the 850 and 980 nm wavelength range. Pump-limited output power >350 mW in a TEM00 mode was obtained at 850 nm. Output power >2.5 W was obtained at 980 nm. C1 Univ Strathclyde, Inst Photon, Glasgow G4 0NW, Lanark, Scotland. Univ Strathclyde, Dept Phys, Glasgow G4 0NG, Lanark, Scotland. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Hastie, JE (reprint author), Univ Strathclyde, Inst Photon, Glasgow G4 0NW, Lanark, Scotland. OI Hastie, Jennifer/0000-0002-4066-7411; Dawson, Martin/0000-0002-6639-2989; Riis, Erling/0000-0002-3225-5302 NR 7 TC 34 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEE-INST ELEC ENG PI HERTFORD PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD SG1 2AY, ENGLAND SN 0013-5194 J9 ELECTRON LETT JI Electron. Lett. PD SEP 4 PY 2003 VL 39 IS 18 BP 1324 EP 1326 DI 10.1049/el:20030839 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 724HX UT WOS:000185483100020 ER PT J AU Zaharia, S Cheng, CZ AF Zaharia, S Cheng, CZ TI Near-Earth thin current sheets and Birkeland currents during substorm growth phase SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PLASMA SHEET; CONVECTION MODEL; CURRENT SYSTEMS; MAGNETIC-FIELD; MAGNETOTAIL; PRESSURE; EQUILIBRIUM; INSTABILITY; GENERATION; AMPTE/CCE AB [1] Two important observed substorm growth phase phenomena are modeled: the formation of a near-Earth (\X\ similar to 8 R-E) thin cross-tail current sheet, as well as the equatorward shift of the ionospheric Birkeland currents. Our study is performed by solving the 3D force-balance equation with realistic boundary conditions and pressure distributions. The obtained cross-tail current sheet has large current density (J(phi) similar to 10 nA/m(2)) and a half-thickness in the north-south direction of similar to 1 R-E, while plasma beta is very high (beta similar to 40) in the current sheet region. The Region-1 and Region-2 Birkeland currents, formed on closed field lines due to pressure gradients, move equatorward and become more intense (J(parallel tomax) similar to 3 muA/m(2)) compared to quiet times. The results agree with growth phase observations. We also find that the cross-tail current sheet maps into the ionosphere in the transition region between the Region-1 and Region-2 currents. C1 Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Zaharia, S (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Cheng, Chio/K-1005-2014 NR 23 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD SEP 4 PY 2003 VL 30 IS 17 AR 1883 DI 10.1029/2003GL017456 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 722DW UT WOS:000185361000003 ER PT J AU Price, HU Jaffe, DA Doskey, PV McKendry, I Anderson, TL AF Price, HU Jaffe, DA Doskey, PV McKendry, I Anderson, TL TI Vertical profiles of O-3, aerosols, CO and NMHCs in the Northeast Pacific during the TRACE-P and ACE-ASIA experiments SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID PEM-WEST-A; NONMETHANE HYDROCARBONS; CONTINENTAL OUTFLOW; ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; UNITED-STATES; TRANSPORT; EMISSIONS; AIR; TROPOSPHERE; OZONE AB [1] Airborne observations of NMHCs, O-3, CO, and aerosol scatter were made near the coast of Washington State from 29 March to 6 May 2001 as part of the Photochemical Ozone Budget of the Eastern North Pacific-II (PHOBEA-II) experiment. These observations overlapped the time period of the TRACE-P (24 February to 10 April 2001) and ACE-ASIA (27 March to 30 April 2001) experiments operating in the Western Pacific. Measurements were made during 12 flights at 48.31 +/- 0.03 degreesN latitude, 124.63 +/- 0.08 degreesW longitude at altitudes from 0 to 6 km. On several flights, significant enhancements in all species were observed and are attributed to transport from the Eurasian continent, including a long-range transport event observed on 14 April 2001. This event contained substantial CO, NMHC, and aerosol loadings and was identified by the Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) aboard the Earth Probe Satellite and airborne and surface measurements throughout North America. This airmass was unique in that it contained the highest levels of aerosol scatter, CO, and various NMHCs observed in 2001, was the only flight with a low Angstromngstrom coefficient (0.7) indicating dominance of super micron aerosols, and had a negative relationship between ozone and aerosol scatter (r = -0.30). Within this mineral dust and pollution layer, aerosol scatter, propane, and CO were enhanced by 1054%, 85%, and 36%, respectively, over the observed spring 2001 median values between 3.5 and 6 km. A comparison of our previous aircraft campaign in 1999 with 2001 observations shows that ozone, aerosol scatter, and most NMHCs were significantly lower in the spring of 2001. The exact cause is still under investigation, but the combination of elevated ozone, aerosol scatter, and NMHCs suggests a combustion source that was enhanced and/or transported more efficiently during the spring of 1999. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Chem, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Bothell, WA 98011 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Res, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ British Columbia, Dept Geog, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z2, Canada. RP Univ Washington, Dept Chem, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM hprice@u.washington.edu; djaffe@u.washington.edu; pvdoskey@anl.gov; ian@geog.ubc.ca; tadand@atmos.washington.edu NR 47 TC 36 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X EI 2169-8996 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD SEP 4 PY 2003 VL 108 IS D20 AR 8799 DI 10.1029/2002JD002930 PG 19 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 722EF UT WOS:000185361900001 ER PT J AU Sinha, P Hobbs, PV Yokelson, RJ Blake, DR Gao, S Kirchstetter, TW AF Sinha, P Hobbs, PV Yokelson, RJ Blake, DR Gao, S Kirchstetter, TW TI Distributions of trace gases and aerosols during the dry biomass burning season in southern Africa SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article DE biomass burning; gases; particles ID TRANSFORM INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; ATTENUATION CROSS-SECTION; SAVANNA FIRES; ATMOSPHERIC-POLLUTION; TROPOSPHERIC OZONE; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; LIGHT-ABSORPTION; CARBON-MONOXIDE; METHYL-BROMIDE; PARTICLES AB [1] Vertical profiles in the lower troposphere of temperature, relative humidity, sulfur dioxide (SO2), ozone (O-3), condensation nuclei (CN), and carbon monoxide (CO), and horizontal distributions of twenty gaseous and particulate species, are presented for five regions of southern Africa during the dry biomass burning season of 2000. The regions are the semiarid savannas of northeast South Africa and northern Botswana, the savanna-forest mosaic of coastal Mozambique, the humid savanna of southern Zambia, and the desert of western Namibia. The highest average concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO2), CO, methane (CH4), O-3, black particulate carbon, and total particulate carbon were in the Botswana and Zambia sectors (388 and 392 ppmv, 369 and 453 ppbv, 1753 and 1758 ppbv, 79 and 88 ppbv, 2.6 and 5.5 mug m(-3), and 13.2 and 14.3 mug m(-3)). This was due to intense biomass burning in Zambia and surrounding regions. The South Africa sector had the highest average concentrations of SO2, sulfate particles, and CN (5.1 ppbv, 8.3 mug m(-3), and 6400 cm(-3), respectively), which derived from biomass burning and electric generation plants and mining operations within this sector. Air quality in the Mozambique sector was similar to the neighboring South Africa sector. Over the arid Namibia sector there were polluted layers aloft, in which average SO2, O-3, and CO mixing ratios (1.2 ppbv, 76 ppbv, and 310 ppbv, respectively) were similar to those measured over the other more polluted sectors. This was due to transport of biomass smoke from regions of widespread savanna burning in southern Angola. Average concentrations over all sectors of CO2 (386 +/- 8 ppmv), CO (261 +/- 81 ppbv), SO2 (2.5 +/- 1.6 ppbv), O-3 (64 +/- 13 ppbv), black particulate carbon (2.3 +/- 1.9 mug m(-3)), organic particulate carbon (6.2 +/- 5.2 mug m(-3)), total particle mass (26.0 +/- 4.7 mug m(-3)), and potassium particles (0.4 +/- 0.1 mug m(-3)) were comparable to those in polluted, urban air. Since the majority of the measurements in this study were obtained in locations well removed from industrial sources of pollution, the high average concentrations of pollutants reflect the effects of widespread biomass burning. On occasions, relatively thin (similar to 0.5 km) layers of remarkably clean air were located at similar to 3 km above mean sea level, sandwiched between heavily polluted air. The data presented here can be used for inputs to and validation of regional and global atmospheric chemical models. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Atmospher Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Montana, Dept Chem, Missoula, MT 59801 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Chem, Irvine, CA 92717 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Chem, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Sinha, P (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Atmospher Sci, Box 351640, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM phobbs@atmos.washington.edu RI Yokelson, Robert/C-9971-2011 OI Yokelson, Robert/0000-0002-8415-6808 NR 70 TC 17 Z9 20 U1 3 U2 12 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD SEP 4 PY 2003 VL 108 IS D17 AR 4536 DI 10.1029/2003JD003691 PG 23 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 722EB UT WOS:000185361500010 ER PT J AU Feldman, WC Prettyman, TH Boynton, WV Murphy, JR Squyres, S Karunatillake, S Maurice, S Tokar, RL McKinney, GW Hamara, DK Kelly, N Kerry, K AF Feldman, WC Prettyman, TH Boynton, WV Murphy, JR Squyres, S Karunatillake, S Maurice, S Tokar, RL McKinney, GW Hamara, DK Kelly, N Kerry, K TI CO2 frost cap thickness on Mars during northern winter and spring SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS LA English DT Article DE Mars; seasonal CO2 frost cap; meteorology; polar regions; global circulation models ID GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; LUNAR NEUTRON-FLUX; MARTIAN ATMOSPHERE; SIMULATIONS; HYDROGEN; ODYSSEY; SURFACE; VIKING; WATER AB [1] The thickness of seasonal CO2 frost that covers the north pole of Mars during the winter and spring seasons is studied using gamma ray and neutron data measured using the gamma ray spectrometer suite of instruments aboard Mars Odyssey. The resultant seasonal variation of CO2 ice/frost thickness for latitudes greater than + 85degrees is in close agreement (within 9% at maximum) with those predicted using all three major Mars general circulation models presently in use. These observed CO2 ice results are significantly different from those inferred from the Mars Obiter Laser Altimeter experiment aboard Mars Global Surveyor (MGS). A possible explanation is that the density of the CO2 ice/ frost cap is considerably lower than that inferred from observed variations of the MGS orbit. Other significant results are that the thermal neutron counting rates provide evidence for variations in the abundance of noncondensable components of the polar atmosphere of Mars and that the basement terrain below the seasonal cover of CO2 frost within about 10degrees of the pole is nearly 100% water ice. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Arizona, Lunar & Planetary Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. New Mexico State Univ, Dept Astron, Las Cruces, NM 88001 USA. Cornell Univ, Ctr Radiophys & Space Res, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. Observ Midi Pyrenees, F-31400 Toulouse, France. RP Feldman, WC (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mail Stop D466, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Karunatillake, Suniti/A-5934-2009; OI Karunatillake, Suniti/0000-0001-9891-1432; Prettyman, Thomas/0000-0003-0072-2831 NR 28 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-PLANET JI J. Geophys. Res.-Planets PD SEP 4 PY 2003 VL 108 IS E9 AR 5103 DI 10.1029/2003JE002101 PG 8 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 722FG UT WOS:000185364300002 ER PT J AU Lawrence, DJ Elphic, RC Feldman, WC Prettyman, TH Gasnault, O Maurice, S AF Lawrence, DJ Elphic, RC Feldman, WC Prettyman, TH Gasnault, O Maurice, S TI Small-area thorium features on the lunar surface SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS LA English DT Article DE Moon; thorium; KREEP; gamma-ray spectroscopy; mafic impact-melt breccia ID PROSPECTOR GAMMA-RAY; POLE-AITKEN BASIN; SOUTH-POLE; NEUTRON SPECTROMETERS; WATER ICE; KREEP; CLEMENTINE; ABUNDANCES; MOON; MARS AB [1] Using an improved understanding of the Lunar Prospector Gamma-Ray Spectrometer (LP-GRS) spatial footprint, we have derived a new map of global thorium abundances on the lunar surface. This map has a full-width, half-maximum spatial resolution of similar to( 80 km)(2) and is mapped on the lunar surface using 0.5degrees x 0.5degrees pixels. This map has allowed the identification and classification of 42 small-area (<[80 km](2)) thorium features across the lunar surface. Twenty of these features, all of which are located in the nearside Procellarum KREEP terrane, show a thorium-iron anticorrelation that is indicative of mixing between mare basalts and thorium-rich mafic impact-melt breccias (MIB). However, there exists at least one example of a farside location (Dewar crater) that appears to have abundances similar to the thorium-rich MIBs. This new map has also allowed the identification of mare basalts having high thorium abundances (> 3 mug/g) in southwestern Mare Tranquillitatis, near the Apollo 11 landing site. With our better understanding of the LP-GRS spatial footprint, we have been able to constrain the surface thorium abundance at the Compton/Belkovich thorium anomaly to 40 - 55 mug/g, which is higher than any other measured location on the lunar surface and higher than most samples. Finally, using 1 km/pixel FeO abundances from Clementine and LP-GRS spatial footprint information, we have been able to obtain plausible thorium distributions around Kepler crater at a resolution of 1 km/pixel. The materials around Kepler crater appear to be a relatively simple mixing of thorium-rich MIB compositions and high-thorium mare basalts. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Grp NIS1, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Observ Midi Pyrenees, F-31400 Toulouse, France. RP Lawrence, DJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Grp NIS1, MS D-466, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Gasnault, Olivier/F-4327-2010; Lawrence, David/E-7463-2015 OI Gasnault, Olivier/0000-0002-6979-9012; Lawrence, David/0000-0002-7696-6667 NR 57 TC 90 Z9 91 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-PLANET JI J. Geophys. Res.-Planets PD SEP 4 PY 2003 VL 108 IS E9 AR 5102 DI 10.1029/2003JE002050 PG 25 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 722FG UT WOS:000185364300001 ER PT J AU Kendrick, BK AF Kendrick, BK TI Geometric phase effects in chemical reaction dynamics and molecular spectra SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID POTENTIAL-ENERGY SURFACES; INTEGRAL CROSS-SECTIONS; STATE TRANSITION-PROBABILITIES; PLUS DIATOM SYSTEMS; CONICAL INTERSECTION; H+D-2->HD+D REACTION; SCATTERING CALCULATIONS; COLLISION ENERGY; BERRY CONNECTION; H+O-2 SCATTERING AB The theoretical methodology for including the effects of the geometric phase in quantum reactive scattering and bound-state calculations is reviewed. Two approaches are discussed: one approach is based on solving the standard Born-Oppenheimer equation but with double-valued boundary conditions, and the second approach is based on solving a generalized Born-Oppenheimer equation with single-valued boundary conditions. The generalized Born-Oppenheimer equation contains a vector potential which is mathematically equivalent to that of a magnetic solenoid. The recently developed numerical methodology for solving the generalized Born-Oppenheimer equation is reviewed, and several applications of this methodology in chemical reaction dynamics and molecular spectra are discussed. New results from accurate six dimensional quantum reactive scattering calculations for the D + H-2(v, j) --> HD(v', j') + H and H + H-2(V,j) --> H-2(v('), j') + H reactions are presented. These calculations are performed both with and without the geometric phase. The geometric phase calculations are done using both the double-valued basis set approach and vector potential approach. The effects of the Geometric phase in the reaction probabilities, integral, and differential cross sections are investigated as a function of scattering energy and total angular momentum J. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Kendrick, BK (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, T-12,MS-B268, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 95 TC 67 Z9 67 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD SEP 4 PY 2003 VL 107 IS 35 BP 6739 EP 6756 DI 10.1021/jp021865x PG 18 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 716NF UT WOS:000185034600001 ER PT J AU Naslund, LA Cavalleri, M Ogasawara, H Nilsson, A Pettersson, LGM Wernet, P Edwards, DC Sandstrom, M Myneni, S AF Naslund, LA Cavalleri, M Ogasawara, H Nilsson, A Pettersson, LGM Wernet, P Edwards, DC Sandstrom, M Myneni, S TI Direct evidence of orbital mixing between water and solvated transition-metal ions: An oxygen 1s XAS and DFT study of aqueous systems SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; ABSORPTION FINE-STRUCTURE; ELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; CHLORIDE SOLUTIONS; DENSITY; CHROMIUM(III); EXCHANGE; SPECTRA; EXAFS; COORDINATION AB We have studied the chemical bonding of water in the first hydration sphere to transition-metal ions in aqueous solutions by using X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) combined with density functional theory calculations (DFT). The experimental technique is for the first time applied to the study of the oxygen K-edge absorption of liquid water in the presence of dissolved ions. We successfully resolved the electronic structure of water in the first hydration sphere. Features in the oxygen Is XAS pre-edge region in Cr3+ and Fe3+ solutions are interpreted as mixing between the molecular orbitals of water and the open d shell of the transition-metal ion. These features are absent for Al3+ solutions. Effects on the electronic structure from anions in the first hydration sphere are also described. C1 Stockholm Univ, Arrhenius Lab, Fysikum, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys, SE-75121 Uppsala, Sweden. Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Princeton Univ, Dept Chem, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Princeton Univ, Dept Geosci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RP Pettersson, LGM (reprint author), Stockholm Univ, Arrhenius Lab, Fysikum, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. EM lgm@physto.se RI Cavalleri, Matteo/A-7689-2008; Nilsson, Anders/E-1943-2011; Pettersson, Lars/F-8428-2011; Wernet, Philippe/A-7085-2013; Pettersson, Lars/J-4925-2013; Ogasawara, Hirohito/D-2105-2009 OI Nilsson, Anders/0000-0003-1968-8696; Wernet, Philippe/0000-0001-7011-9072; Pettersson, Lars/0000-0003-1133-9934; Ogasawara, Hirohito/0000-0001-5338-1079 NR 38 TC 58 Z9 58 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD SEP 4 PY 2003 VL 107 IS 35 BP 6869 EP 6876 DI 10.1021/jp034296h PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 716NF UT WOS:000185034600016 ER PT J AU Pratt, MR Leigh, CD Bertozzi, CR AF Pratt, MR Leigh, CD Bertozzi, CR TI Formation of 1,1-alpha,alpha-glycosidic bonds by intramolecular aglycone delivery. A convergent synthesis of trehalose SO ORGANIC LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; STEREOSELECTIVE-SYNTHESIS; ACTIVATION; ANALOGS; DONORS; SUGARS AB [GRAPHICS] We report a new synthesis of trehalose analogs that involves the use of intramolecular aglycone delivery for stereoselective formation of the 1,1-alpha,alpha-glycosidic bond. The glycosylation reaction afforded the desired isomer exclusively and in good yield. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr New Direct Organ Synth, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Pratt, MR (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr New Direct Organ Synth, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM bertozzi@cchem.berkeley.edu FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI51622] NR 24 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1523-7060 J9 ORG LETT JI Org. Lett. PD SEP 4 PY 2003 VL 5 IS 18 BP 3185 EP 3188 DI 10.1021/ol034836t PG 4 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 716VY UT WOS:000185051300005 PM 12943383 ER PT J AU Nguyen, T Francis, MB AF Nguyen, T Francis, MB TI Practical synthetic route to functionalized rhodamine dyes SO ORGANIC LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FLUORESCENT INDICATORS; DENDRIMERS; PEPTIDES; BINDING; WATER AB [GRAPHICS] An efficient method for the synthesis of functionalized rhodamine derivatives has been developed. Multigram quantities of these water-soluble fluorophores can be prepared from inexpensive precursors and purified without the use of chromatography. A series of protein-reactive functional groups has been installed through subsequent reactions, providing materials for biomolecule modification. For multicolor applications, a solid-phase purification strategy has been developed to afford rhodamine derivatives possessing a wide range of spectral properties. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Labs, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Francis, MB (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM francis@cchem.berkeley.edu NR 24 TC 151 Z9 152 U1 7 U2 35 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1523-7060 J9 ORG LETT JI Org. Lett. PD SEP 4 PY 2003 VL 5 IS 18 BP 3245 EP 3248 DI 10.1021/o1035135z PG 4 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 716VY UT WOS:000185051300020 PM 12943398 ER PT J AU Dougherty, LM Robertson, IM Vetrano, JS AF Dougherty, LM Robertson, IM Vetrano, JS TI Direct observation of the behavior of grain boundaries during continuous dynamic recrystallization in an Al-4Mg-0.3Sc alloy SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE electron microscopy; aluminum alloy; dislocation dynamics; dynamic recrystallization ID SUPERPLASTIC DEFORMATION; ALUMINUM-ALLOY; EVOLUTION; MECHANISMS; METALS AB The micromechanisms operating during dynamic continuous recrystallization of an Al-4Mg-0.3Sc alloy have been studied in real time by reloading pre-deformed samples at temperature in situ in the transmission electron microscope. The processes responsible for the evolution of the microstructure include the migration and breakup of subgrain boundaries, the destruction of triple junctions, and large-scale volume rotations. These observations are considered in terms of the micromechanisms proposed previously to account for dynamic continuous recrystallization. (C) 2003 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Robertson, IM (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 1304 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. NR 18 TC 52 Z9 57 U1 3 U2 26 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD SEP 3 PY 2003 VL 51 IS 15 BP 4367 EP 4378 DI 10.1016/S1359-6454(03)00262-3 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 715FX UT WOS:000184961400001 ER PT J AU Elmer, JW Palmer, TA Zhang, W Wood, B DebRoy, T AF Elmer, JW Palmer, TA Zhang, W Wood, B DebRoy, T TI Kinetic modelling of phase transformation occurring in the HAZ of C-Mn steel welds based on direct observations (vol 51, pg 3333, 2003) SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Correction C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Elmer, JW (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RI Zhang, Wei/B-9471-2013 NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD SEP 3 PY 2003 VL 51 IS 15 BP 4667 EP 4668 DI 10.1016/S1359-6454(03)00357-4 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 715FX UT WOS:000184961400026 ER PT J AU Suszcynsky, DM Heavner, MJ AF Suszcynsky, DM Heavner, MJ TI Narrow Bipolar Events as indicators of thunderstorm convective strength SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FORTE SATELLITE; FLASH RATES; RADIATION; HEIGHT AB [1] Narrow Bipolar Events (NBEs) are impulsive in-cloud lightning discharges that are commonly detected by both ground-based and satellite-based radio-frequency sensors. In this paper, NBE flash rates are shown to be statistically correlated to cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning flash rates as recorded by an array of electric-field-change sensors located in Florida. In addition, NBE source heights are found to generally increase with increasing NBE flash rates. The inference is that NBE flash rates and source heights are generally driven by the intensity/strength of the convective updraft in thunderstorms. As a consequence, NBEs represent a meteorologically important type of lightning and provide an excellent target of opportunity for future satellite-based very high frequency (VHF) global lightning monitors. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Space & Atmospher Sci Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Suszcynsky, DM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Space & Atmospher Sci Grp, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 17 TC 33 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD SEP 3 PY 2003 VL 30 IS 17 AR 1879 DI 10.1029/2003GL017834 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 722DT UT WOS:000185360700003 ER PT J AU Benson, MT AF Benson, MT TI Density functional investigation of melamine-formaldehyde cross-linking agents. 1. Partially substituted melamine SO INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONIC POPULATION ANALYSIS; MOLECULAR WAVE FUNCTIONS; LCAO; METHOXYMETHYL; ACID; OVERLAP; MODES AB Computational modeling has been performed on the cross-linking mechanism of partially substituted melamine reacting with poly(vinyl alcohol). Ab initio calculations were performed with density functional theory employing the BLYP functional and double numerical DND basis set. The mechanism, general acid catalysis, has been modeled with respect to structures, protonation, and reaction with a polymer. Protonation of the oxygen is required initially, followed by liberation of methanol. The reaction can take one of two pathways after methanol liberation. The conjugate base of the weak acid can abstract a proton, generating a Schiff-base intermediate. The O-H on the polymer then adds to the C-N double bond, producing the polymer-melamine bond. The alternative is that the polymer adds to the charged melamine, using the specific acid catalysis mechanism. After polymer addition, the proton is abstracted, producing the product. C1 Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Benson, MT (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RI Benson, Michael/B-8855-2017 OI Benson, Michael/0000-0003-4927-614X NR 24 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 5 U2 16 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0888-5885 J9 IND ENG CHEM RES JI Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. PD SEP 3 PY 2003 VL 42 IS 18 BP 4147 EP 4155 DI 10.1021/ie020638e PG 9 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 716XC UT WOS:000185054100001 ER PT J AU Jones, CY Chen, G Dai, S Singh, PM AF Jones, CY Chen, G Dai, S Singh, PM TI Solubility in the NaOH-Na2CO3-Na2SO4-Na2SO3-Na2S2O3-Na2S-H2O system, a simulated black liquor recovery boiler smelt SO INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID THERMODYNAMICS AB Results are presented for a study on the dissolution behavior of salt mixtures formulated to simulate smelt deposits inside pulp mill recovery boilers. Solubilities of carbonate-rich NaOH-Na2CO3-Na2SO4 and NaOH-Na2CO3-Na2SO4-Na2SO3-Na2S2O3-Na2S mixtures in water at 25 degreesC and 1 bar exhibited an increase in the concentration of Na2CO3(aq) and Na2SO4(aq) with an increasing amount of water added. An ion-interaction solution model explains this behavior as resulting from the suppressive effect of NaOH on the solubility of other salts; dilution of NaOH increases the solubility of Na2SO4 and Na2CO3. In addition, the formation of hydrated salts of Na2CO3 and Na2SO4 reduced the amount of liquid water present and thus had a concentrating effect on NaOH(aq). These results are applied to understanding the role of smelt-water mixtures in corrosion of stainless steel in boiler floors. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Georgia Tech, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Jones, CY (reprint author), NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Natl Inst Stand & Technol, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. RI Dai, Sheng/K-8411-2015 OI Dai, Sheng/0000-0002-8046-3931 NR 14 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0888-5885 J9 IND ENG CHEM RES JI Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. PD SEP 3 PY 2003 VL 42 IS 18 BP 4228 EP 4233 DI 10.1021/ie010826p PG 6 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 716XC UT WOS:000185054100010 ER PT J AU Kim, JY Rodriguez, JA Hanson, JC Frenkel, AI Lee, PL AF Kim, JY Rodriguez, JA Hanson, JC Frenkel, AI Lee, PL TI Reduction of CuO and Cu2O with H-2 : H embedding and kinetic effects in the formation of suboxides SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE CALCULATIONS; NEAR-EDGE SPECTROSCOPY; COPPER-OXIDE CATALYST; MIXED-METAL OXIDES; PLANE-WAVE; POPULATION ANALYSIS; METHANOL SYNTHESIS; THIN-FILMS; BEHAVIOR AB Time-resolved X-ray diffraction, X-ray absorption fine structure, and first-principles density functional calculations were used to investigate the reaction of CuO and Cu2O with H-2 in detail. The mechanism for the reduction of CuO is complex, involving an induction period and the embedding of H into the bulk of the oxide. The in-situ experiments show that, under a normal supply of hydrogen, CuO reduces directly to metallic Cu without formation of an intermediate or suboxide (i.e., no Cu4O3 or Cu2O). The reduction of CuO is easier than the reduction of Cu2O. The apparent activation energy for the reduction of CuO is about 14.5 kcal/mol, while the value is 27.4 kcal/mol for Cu2O. During the reduction of CuO, the system can reach metastable states (MS) and react with hydrogen instead of forming Cu2O. To see the formation Of Cu2O, one has to limit the flow of hydrogen, slowing the rate of reduction to allow a MS Cu2O transformation. These results show the importance of kinetic effects for the formation of well-defined suboxides during a reduction process and the activation of oxide catalysts. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Yeshiva Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10016 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM rodrigez@bnl.gov RI Hanson, jonathan/E-3517-2010; Frenkel, Anatoly/D-3311-2011 OI Frenkel, Anatoly/0000-0002-5451-1207 NR 59 TC 215 Z9 222 U1 8 U2 114 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 3 PY 2003 VL 125 IS 35 BP 10684 EP 10692 DI 10.1021/ja0301673 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 716DD UT WOS:000185012800048 PM 12940754 ER PT J AU Yu, K Wu, X Brinker, CJ Ripmeester, J AF Yu, K Wu, X Brinker, CJ Ripmeester, J TI Mesostructured MTES-derived silica thin film with spherical voids investigated by TEM: 1. Mesostructure determination SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID TRANSITION; MICELLES AB The mesostructure of a hydrophobic silica thin film with spherical voids arranged in an ordered array was investigated and resolved thoroughly by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The novel TEM approach involved sample tilting to get different zone axes and simulation, as well as the calculation of plane spacings and angles for comparison of the experimental values with the corresponding theoretical ones. The camera constant (lambdaL) was calibrated carefully by the diffraction pattern of the silicon substrate, on which the closed-cell mesostructured thin film was developed. This film was fabricated by solvent evaporation-induced sol-gel and self-assembly processes, with methyl triethoxysilane [MTES, Si(OCH2CH3)(3)CH3] as the silica precursor and a polystyrene-block-poly(ethylene oxide) diblock as the structure-directing agent; pyrolysis was performed carefully to remove the template. The present TEM exploration concludes that the mesostructure is exclusively body-centered cubic (bcc) rather than face-centered cubic-(fcc); this conclusion was based on the assessment of the experimental tilting angles and the theoretical angles employed to get one zone axis from another, as well as on the evaluation of the experimental and simulated TEM images. The bcc mesostructure with a slight distortion was further assigned to be body-centered tetragonal (bct) with the preferred cell parameters of a = 13.5 nm and c = 13.0 nm; this assignment was based on the comparison between the experimental and the calculated data, including the plane spacings and the angles between various planes. The present self-assembled MTES-derived silica thin film with closed cells arranged in a slightly distorted bcc array is believed to be the first and is a promising candidate to function as a low-dielectric-constant (k) insulating material needed for future semiconductor devices. C1 Natl Res Council Canada, Steacie Inst Mol Sci, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada. Natl Res Council Canada, Inst Microstruct Sci, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Univ New Mexico, Ctr Microengineered Mat, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Yu, K (reprint author), Natl Res Council Canada, Steacie Inst Mol Sci, 100 Sussex Dr, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada. RI ye, bin/K-7828-2012 NR 23 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD SEP 2 PY 2003 VL 19 IS 18 BP 7282 EP 7288 DI 10.1021/la034310h PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 717JZ UT WOS:000185086500021 ER PT J AU Wu, X Yu, K Brinker, CJ Ripmeester, J AF Wu, X Yu, K Brinker, CJ Ripmeester, J TI Mesostructured MTES-derived silica thin film with spherical voids investigated by TEM: 2. Dislocations and strain relaxation SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID EPITAXIAL MULTILAYERS; DRYING GELS; DEFECTS AB A mesostructured silica thin film with nanosized voids arranged in a body-centered cubic (bcc) array with a slight distortion was studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for line defects. This film was engineered by a preferential solvent evaporation-induced sol-gel and self-assembly process and subsequent pyrolysis to remove its structure-directing agent. Methyl triethoxysilane [MTES, Si(OCH2CH3)(3)CH3] was the silica precursor. Two types of dislocations were observed from a cross-sectional TEM sample of this non-free-standing film on a Si(001) substrate. One is an edge dislocation; the other is a dislocation dipole. The edge dislocation, with its Burgers vector b = alpha[010] and dislocation line direction xi = [100], was formed by the reaction of two regular dislocations: b = b(1) + b(2), while b(1) = (alpha/2)[1,1,-1] and b(2) = (alpha/2) [-1,1,1]. The origin of this edge dislocation is related to the tensile strain developed in the film because of film shrinkage during the fabrication; its development is argued to arise from the partial relief of developed strain. A new concept, namely, critical mesostructure thickness for the occurrence of the stress relaxation, is proposed and computed using an elastic strain energy argument. The possible factors for the termination site of the edge dislocation are discussed briefly. The dislocation dipole has the Burgers vectors b = +/-(alpha/2)[-1,1,1] on a (0,1,-1) plane. C1 Natl Res Council Canada, Inst Microstruct Sci, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada. Natl Res Council Canada, Steacie Inst Mol Sci, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Univ New Mexico, Ctr Microengineered Mat, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Yu, K (reprint author), Natl Res Council Canada, Inst Microstruct Sci, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada. RI ye, bin/K-7828-2012; 牛, 开心/C-3081-2014 NR 30 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD SEP 2 PY 2003 VL 19 IS 18 BP 7289 EP 7294 DI 10.1021/la034309i PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 717JZ UT WOS:000185086500022 ER PT J AU Smarsly, B Xomeritakis, G Yu, K Liu, NG Fan, HY Assink, RA Drewien, CA Ruland, W Brinker, CJ AF Smarsly, B Xomeritakis, G Yu, K Liu, NG Fan, HY Assink, RA Drewien, CA Ruland, W Brinker, CJ TI Microstructural characterization of polystyrene-block-poly(ethylene oxide)-templated silica films with cubic-ordered spherical mesopores SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-SIEVES; GAS SEPARATION; POROUS SILICA; THIN-FILMS; MEMBRANES; NANOSTRUCTURES; SCATTERING; COPOLYMERS; MECHANISM; COATINGS AB We report the synthesis and characterization of mesostructured thin silica films derived from methyltriethoxysilane (MTES) and/or tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) silica precursors and polystyrene-block-poly(ethylene oxide) (PS-b-PEO) diblock copolymers via the solvent evaporation-induced self-assembly (EISA) process. It is found that the meso- and microstructure of the calcined films consists of cubic-ordered arrays of spherical mesopores of 5-7 nm in diameter, interconnected with a small number (less than or equal to4% by volume) of PEO-induced micropores of similar to1 nm in diameter, as determined by new experimental results of transmission electron microscopy, N-2 sorption, gas permeation, and grazing incidence small-angle X-ray scattering studies. The present comprehensive study of these novel closed-pore films should provide a general methodology for microstructural characterization of other related porous films prepared by similar self-assembly processes. C1 Univ New Mexico, Ctr Microengineered Mat, Adv Mat Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Univ Marburg, Dept Chem, D-35032 Marburg, Germany. Univ Marburg, Ctr Mat Sci, D-35032 Marburg, Germany. RP Xomeritakis, G (reprint author), Natl Res Council Canada, Steacie Inst Mol Sci, 100 Sussex Dr, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada. RI Smarsly, Bernd/G-8514-2011; ye, bin/K-7828-2012; 牛, 开心/C-3081-2014 NR 44 TC 55 Z9 55 U1 1 U2 23 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD SEP 2 PY 2003 VL 19 IS 18 BP 7295 EP 7301 DI 10.1021/la034798m PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 717JZ UT WOS:000185086500023 ER PT J AU Hansen, DC Hansen, KM Ferrell, TL Thundat, T AF Hansen, DC Hansen, KM Ferrell, TL Thundat, T TI Discerning biomolecular interactions using Kelvin probe technology SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID DISTANCE DEPENDENCE; DNA HYBRIDIZATION; ELECTRON-TRANSFER; FORCE MICROSCOPY; SURFACES; GOLD; TRANSPORT; IMMOBILIZATION; PRINCIPLE; CORROSION AB Biomolecular conformational differences of oligomeric nucleic acids were discerned using scanning Kelvin probe (SKP) analysis in an array format on gold-coated silicon substrates. Variations in work function, measured as contact potential difference, of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA), double-stranded DNA (dsDNA), and dsDNA with internal mismatches were clearly distinguished under ambient conditions without the use of an external label. We propose that the effectiveness of SKP analysis is based upon subtle changes in biomolecular conformation resulting from variations in molecule polarizability and induced dipole properties. This sensing technique can be readily incorporated into microarray format for discrimination of specific biological and chemical molecular interactions. C1 Princeton Appl Res, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Hansen, DC (reprint author), Princeton Appl Res, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 43 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD SEP 2 PY 2003 VL 19 IS 18 BP 7514 EP 7520 DI 10.1021/la034333w PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 717JZ UT WOS:000185086500055 ER PT J AU Ashbaugh, HS Pethica, BA AF Ashbaugh, HS Pethica, BA TI Alkane adsorption at the water-vapor interface SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; LIQUID/VAPOR INTERFACE; VAPOR/WATER INTERFACE; SIMULATION; SURFACE; BENZENE; ETHANOL; PASSAGE; SYSTEMS; PHASE AB The adsorption of methane and ethane at the water liquid-vapor interface is investigated using a combination of explicit molecular simulations and scaled-particle theory. Calculated adsorption coefficients are found to be approximately half the experimental values for both hydrocarbons. Simulation enthalpies of adsorption are in excellent agreement with the experimental values, while the heats predicted by scaled-particle theory are just below the lower limit of the experimental error. The simulation underprediction of the experimental adsorption coefficients corresponds to a similar tok/2 increase in the entropic adsorption penalty. Potential sources for the discrepancy between simulation and experiment are explored using the scaled-particle model. Based on this analysis, it is unlikely that the differences arise from either long-wavelength capillary fluctuations or bulk water density differences between simple point charge and real water. Contributions from surface field polarization of these two adsorbates appear to be negligible. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Princeton Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RP Ashbaugh, HS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, MS-B268, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM hank@lanl.gov RI Ashbaugh, Henry/C-9767-2011 NR 33 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD SEP 2 PY 2003 VL 19 IS 18 BP 7638 EP 7645 DI 10.1021/la034559z PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 717JZ UT WOS:000185086500074 ER PT J AU Adamovic, I Gordon, MS AF Adamovic, I Gordon, MS TI Solvent effects on the SN2 reaction - Theory and application of the DFT based effective fragment potential method. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NEW YORK SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Ames Lab, Scalable Comp Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM ivana@si.fi.ameslab.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 327-PHYS BP U318 EP U319 PN 2 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JG UT WOS:000187062501611 ER PT J AU Adib, K Piao, H Hrbek, J Huang, WX White, JM AF Adib, K Piao, H Hrbek, J Huang, WX White, JM TI Surface reactions of co-adsorbed CH2I2 and CF3I on Ag(111). SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Dept Chem & Biochem, Austin, TX USA. EM kaveh@bnl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 209-COLL BP U381 EP U381 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JF UT WOS:000187062401804 ER PT J AU Ahluwalia, RK Zhang, QZ Inbody, MA AF Ahluwalia, RK Zhang, QZ Inbody, MA TI Preferential oxidation of CO on a noble-metal catalyst coated ceramic monolith. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Nucl Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM walia@anl.gov NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 160-FUEL BP U570 EP U570 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JF UT WOS:000187062402700 ER PT J AU Alfonso, DR Cugini, A Sorescu, DC AF Alfonso, DR Cugini, A Sorescu, DC TI Density functional theory study of adsorption and decomposition of hydrogen sulfide on Pd(111), Cu(111) and PdCu(110) surfaces. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Amer Chem Soc C1 US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. EM alfonso@netl.doe.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 010-FUEL BP U530 EP U530 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JF UT WOS:000187062402551 ER PT J AU Alfonso, DR Cugini, A AF Alfonso, DR Cugini, A TI Ab initio study of interaction of a model nitrile polymer with various model fuel molecules. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. EM alfonso@netl.doe.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 008-FUEL BP U530 EP U530 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JF UT WOS:000187062402549 ER PT J AU Alivisatos, AP AF Alivisatos, AP TI Liquid-crystalline phases of anisotropic inorganic nanocrystals. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NEW YORK SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 66-PHYS BP U280 EP U280 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JG UT WOS:000187062501354 ER PT J AU Aspuru-Guzik, A Lester, WA Kalos, MH AF Aspuru-Guzik, A Lester, WA Kalos, MH TI Fermion Monte Carlo calculations of atomic and molecular systems. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NEW YORK SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Kenneth S Pitzer Ctr Theoret Chem, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM alan@aspuru.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 230-PHYS BP U304 EP U304 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JG UT WOS:000187062501516 ER PT J AU Assefa, Z Yaita, T Haire, RG Tachimori, S AF Assefa, Z Yaita, T Haire, RG Tachimori, S TI Intra-molecular energy transfer and sensitized luminescence in complexes of actinide ions with oxo- and nitrogen ligating hetero-cyclic ligands. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, CSD, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. EM assafaz@ornl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 215-INOR BP U705 EP U706 PN 1 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JF UT WOS:000187062403325 ER PT J AU Assink, RA Derzon, DK Clough, RL Mowery, D Bernstein, R AF Assink, RA Derzon, DK Clough, RL Mowery, D Bernstein, R TI Thermo-oxidative degradation of polypropylene by selective labeling and 13C NMR spectroscopy. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NEW YORK SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Organ Mat Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM raassin@sandia.gov RI Bernstein, Robert/F-8396-2013 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 150-POLY BP U378 EP U378 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JG UT WOS:000187062501918 ER PT J AU Atkinson, DA AF Atkinson, DA TI Ion mobility spectrometry: On the front lines. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM bigdog@inel.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 130-ANYL BP U121 EP U121 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JF UT WOS:000187062400519 ER PT J AU Baker, GA Baker, SN Da Re, RE McCleskey, TM AF Baker, GA Baker, SN Da Re, RE McCleskey, TM TI Spectroscopic studies of biomolecular stability and activity in ionic liquids. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Michelson Resource, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM gabaker@lanl.gov RI McCleskey, Thomas/J-4772-2012 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 058-IEC BP U623 EP U623 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JF UT WOS:000187062402969 ER PT J AU Baker, RT AF Baker, RT TI Catalysis in functionalizad ionic liquids. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM bakertom@lanl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 276-INOR BP U715 EP U715 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JF UT WOS:000187062403386 ER PT J AU Baker, SN Baker, GA Da Re, RE McCleskey, TM AF Baker, SN Baker, GA Da Re, RE McCleskey, TM TI Nanocomposite design & biomimetic approaches using ionic liquids. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Michelson Resource, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM sbaker@lanl.gov RI McCleskey, Thomas/J-4772-2012 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 057-IEC BP U623 EP U623 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JF UT WOS:000187062402968 ER PT J AU Baksh, MM Jaros, M Groves, JT AF Baksh, MM Jaros, M Groves, JT TI Phase transitions and molecular detection in a lipid membrane-derivatized colloid. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NEW YORK SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM MMBaksh@lbl.gov; michaljaros@yahoo.com; JTGroves@lbl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 68-PHYS BP U280 EP U280 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JG UT WOS:000187062501356 ER PT J AU Ball, PJ Rarog, T Oldham, WJ Bauer, JAK Connick, WB AF Ball, PJ Rarog, T Oldham, WJ Bauer, JAK Connick, WB TI Synthesis and characterization of a binuclear rhenium(I) complex bridged by a [2.2]paracyclophane-diimine ligand. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Univ Cincinnati, Dept Chem, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Nucl Mat Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM ballpj@email.uc.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 666-INOR BP U777 EP U777 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JF UT WOS:000187062403774 ER PT J AU Banerjee, S Wong, SS AF Banerjee, S Wong, SS TI Synthesis of novel nanotube-nanocrystal heterostructures. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Amer Chem Soc C1 SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Mat Sci Dept, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. EM sarbajit@usa.net; sswong@notes.cc.sunysb.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 268-INOR BP U714 EP U714 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JF UT WOS:000187062403378 ER PT J AU Bao, L Mahurin, SM Dai, S AF Bao, L Mahurin, SM Dai, S TI Silver-doped sol-gel films as a surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate for sensitive detection of uranyl ions. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM baol@ornl.gov; mahurinsm@ornl.gov; dais@ornl.gov RI Dai, Sheng/K-8411-2015 OI Dai, Sheng/0000-0002-8046-3931 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 035-ANYL BP U106 EP U106 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JF UT WOS:000187062400427 ER PT J AU Baumgartner, G Cociorva, D Bibireata, A Gao, XY Krishnamoorthy, S Krishnan, S Lam, CC Lu, QD Sibiryakov, A Pitzer, RM Sadayappan, P Bernholdt, DE Choppella, V Hirata, S Ramanujam, J Nooijen, M Auer, A AF Baumgartner, G Cociorva, D Bibireata, A Gao, XY Krishnamoorthy, S Krishnan, S Lam, CC Lu, QD Sibiryakov, A Pitzer, RM Sadayappan, P Bernholdt, DE Choppella, V Hirata, S Ramanujam, J Nooijen, M Auer, A TI Computer aided implementation of many-body methods: The tensor contraction engine. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NEW YORK SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Ohio State Univ, Dept Chem, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. Battelle Mem Inst, Pacific NW Natl Lab, William R Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA USA. Louisiana State Univ, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. Univ Waterloo, Dept Chem, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. EM saday@cis.ohio-state.edu; nooijen@Princeton.EDU NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 224-PHYS BP U303 EP U303 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JG UT WOS:000187062501510 ER PT J AU Beals, DM AF Beals, DM TI Determination of low-level radionuclides in environmental samples by mass spectrometry at the Savannah River Technology Center. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NEW YORK SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Savannah River Technol Ctr, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. EM donnabeals@msn.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 35-NUCL BP U78 EP U78 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JG UT WOS:000187062500406 ER PT J AU Bean, AC Scott, BL Albrecht-Schmitt, TE Runde, W AF Bean, AC Scott, BL Albrecht-Schmitt, TE Runde, W TI Hydrothermal chemistry of the 5f-elements (U-Am) with the oxoligand, IO3-: Structural trends and bonding. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. Auburn Univ, Dept Chem, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM bean@lanl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 682-INOR BP U780 EP U780 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JF UT WOS:000187062403790 ER PT J AU Bell, AT AF Bell, AT TI Applications of Raman spectroscopy to problems in catalysis SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EO Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EO Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EO Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM bell@cchem.berkeley.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 BP U351 EP U351 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JF UT WOS:000187062401613 ER PT J AU Bell, NS AF Bell, NS TI Role of steric separation on rheological properties of flocculated alumina nanopowders. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM nsbell@sandia.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 009-COLL BP U349 EP U350 PN 1 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JF UT WOS:000187062401605 ER PT J AU Bell, RC Wang, HF Iedema, MJ Cowin, JP AF Bell, RC Wang, HF Iedema, MJ Cowin, JP TI Complex fluid interfaces at the nano-scale. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NEW YORK SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM richard.bell@pnl.gov; jp.cowin@pnl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 335-PHYS BP U320 EP U320 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JG UT WOS:000187062501619 ER PT J AU Bennett, DA Britt, PF Buchanan, AC Ilgner, RH Jenkins, RA AF Bennett, DA Britt, PF Buchanan, AC Ilgner, RH Jenkins, RA TI Detection of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in mainstream tobacco smoke by gas chromatography combustion isotope ratio mass spectrometry. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM bennettda@ornl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 110-ANYL BP U118 EP U118 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JF UT WOS:000187062400499 ER PT J AU Bernholdt, DE Auer, A Baumgartner, G Bibireata, A Choppella, V Cociorva, D Gao, XY Harrison, RJ Hirata, S Krishnamoorthy, S Krishnan, S Lam, CC Lu, QD Nooijen, M Pitzer, RM Ramanujam, J Sadayappan, P Sibiryakov, A AF Bernholdt, DE Auer, A Baumgartner, G Bibireata, A Choppella, V Cociorva, D Gao, XY Harrison, RJ Hirata, S Krishnamoorthy, S Krishnan, S Lam, CC Lu, QD Nooijen, M Pitzer, RM Ramanujam, J Sadayappan, P Sibiryakov, A TI Synthesizing highly optimized code for correlated electronic structure calculations. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Waterloo, Dept Chem, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. Ohio State Univ, Dept Chem, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Louisiana State Univ, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM bernholdtde@ornl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 022-COMP BP U426 EP U426 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JF UT WOS:000187062401972 ER PT J AU Bernstein, R Derzon, DK Gillen, KT AF Bernstein, R Derzon, DK Gillen, KT TI Kevlar degradation studies. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NEW YORK SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Organ Mat, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM rbernst@sandia.gov RI Bernstein, Robert/F-8396-2013 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 172-POLY BP U381 EP U381 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JG UT WOS:000187062501940 ER PT J AU Besmann, TM Kulkarni, N Spear, KE Vienna, JD AF Besmann, TM Kulkarni, N Spear, KE Vienna, JD TI Modified associate species thermochemical model of high-level nuclear waste glass compositions. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NEW YORK SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. PNNL, Richland, WA USA. EM besmanntm@ornl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 102-NUCL BP U90 EP U90 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JG UT WOS:000187062500473 ER PT J AU Bigelow, TS Tarallo, FJ Cundy, LH Stevenson, NR AF Bigelow, TS Tarallo, FJ Cundy, LH Stevenson, NR TI Processing of stable isotopes produced in the Plasma Separation Process. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NEW YORK SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Theragen Corp, Oak Ridge Operat, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. Theragen Corp, Isotope Prod & Res, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. EM bigelowt@theragenics.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 28-NUCL BP U77 EP U77 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JG UT WOS:000187062500399 ER PT J AU Birnbaum, ER Channell, RA Wolfsberg, LA Morris, WH Sauer, NN Horak, HL AF Birnbaum, ER Channell, RA Wolfsberg, LA Morris, WH Sauer, NN Horak, HL TI Treatment and disposal of beryllium and uranium contaminated aqueous foam. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Dynam Experimentat Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM evab@lanl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 026-IEC BP U619 EP U619 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JF UT WOS:000187062402938 ER PT J AU Bobev, S AF Bobev, S TI Exploratory syntheses and structural studies of Re-M-Sb and Re-M-Bi systems (Re = No, Sm, Eu, Dy, Tm, Yb; M = Ga, In, Mn, Zn). SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, LANSCE 12, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM sbobev@lanl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 139-INOR BP U693 EP U693 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JF UT WOS:000187062403251 ER PT J AU Bonnesen, PV Engle, NL Gorbunova, MG Haverlock, TJ Tomkins, BA Bazelaire, E Delmau, LH Moyer, BA AF Bonnesen, PV Engle, NL Gorbunova, MG Haverlock, TJ Tomkins, BA Bazelaire, E Delmau, LH Moyer, BA TI Next generation extractants for cesium separation from high-level waste: From fundamental concepts to site implementation. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NEW YORK SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM bonnesenpv@ornl.gov RI Solominow, Sonia/A-4021-2008; Moyer, Bruce/L-2744-2016 OI Moyer, Bruce/0000-0001-7484-6277 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 88-NUCL BP U87 EP U87 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JG UT WOS:000187062500459 ER PT J AU Borup, RL Inbody, MA Tafoya, JI Vigil, WJ Guidry, DR Semelsberger, TA AF Borup, RL Inbody, MA Tafoya, JI Vigil, WJ Guidry, DR Semelsberger, TA TI Hydrocarbon fuel composition effects on fuel cell reformer performance and light-off. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Fuel Cell Team, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM borup@lanl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 111-FUEL BP U562 EP U562 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JF UT WOS:000187062402651 ER PT J AU Bowman-James, K Moyer, BA Sessler, DL AF Bowman-James, K Moyer, BA Sessler, DL TI Supramolecular chemistry of environmentally relevant anions. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NEW YORK SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Univ Kansas, Dept Chem, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. Univ Texas, Dept Chem & Biochem, Austin, TX 78712 USA. EM kbowman-james@ku.edu RI Solominow, Sonia/A-4021-2008; Moyer, Bruce/L-2744-2016 OI Moyer, Bruce/0000-0001-7484-6277 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 89-NUCL BP U87 EP U88 PN 2 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JG UT WOS:000187062500460 ER PT J AU Bredt, OP LaFemina, JP AF Bredt, OP LaFemina, JP TI Walking the quality path as a chemist. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM ofelia.bredt@pnl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 009-BMGT BP U197 EP U197 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JF UT WOS:000187062400849 ER PT J AU Britt, PF Buchanan, AC Kidder, MK Skeen, JT AF Britt, PF Buchanan, AC Kidder, MK Skeen, JT TI Cross-linking reactions between phenols and benzoic acid: The role of aryl esters. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM brittpf@ornl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 034-FUEL BP U534 EP U534 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JF UT WOS:000187062402574 ER PT J AU Brooks, KP King, DL Wegeng, RS Stenkamp, VS Whyatt, GA Pederson, LR Rawlings, GC Tegrotenhuis, W Fischer, CM AF Brooks, KP King, DL Wegeng, RS Stenkamp, VS Whyatt, GA Pederson, LR Rawlings, GC Tegrotenhuis, W Fischer, CM TI Fuel reformation: Microchannel reactor design. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Technol Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Energy Sci & Technol Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM kriston.brooks@pnl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 005-CATL BP U42 EP U42 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JF UT WOS:000187062400080 ER PT J AU Bryant, JL Bredt, OP Lerchen, ME Wiemers, KD AF Bryant, JL Bredt, OP Lerchen, ME Wiemers, KD TI Mid-career perspectives on destiny, choices and success in chemistry. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM janetbryant@pnl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 007-BMGT BP U196 EP U196 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JF UT WOS:000187062400847 ER PT J AU Buchanan, AC Kidder, MK Brut, PF AF Buchanan, AC Kidder, MK Brut, PF TI Impact of oriented hydrogen transfers on the pyrolysis of hydrocarbons under restricted diffusion. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM buchananac@ornl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 058-FUEL BP U538 EP U538 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JF UT WOS:000187062402598 ER PT J AU Buchanan, MV Hettich, RL Hurst, GB Van Berkel, GJ AF Buchanan, MV Hettich, RL Hurst, GB Van Berkel, GJ TI Mass spectrometry-based approaches for probing biological processes at the molecular level. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM buchananmv@ornl.gov RI Hettich, Robert/N-1458-2016 OI Hettich, Robert/0000-0001-7708-786X NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 091-CHED BP U238 EP U238 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JF UT WOS:000187062401059 ER PT J AU Bunge, SD Boyle, TJ Rodriguez, MA AF Bunge, SD Boyle, TJ Rodriguez, MA TI A structural study of lathanide alkoxide and aryloxide complexes exhibiting agostic Ln-H-C interactions. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Adv Mat Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. EM sdbunge@sandia.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 676-INOR BP U779 EP U779 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JF UT WOS:000187062403784 ER PT J AU Bunge, SD Boyle, TJ Rodriguez, MA Headley, TJ AF Bunge, SD Boyle, TJ Rodriguez, MA Headley, TJ TI Design and synthesis of novel metal complexes for use as precursors for oxide free copper, silver and gold nanocrystals. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Adv Mat Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Mat Characterizat Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. EM sdbunge@sandia.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 346-INOR BP U726 EP U726 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JF UT WOS:000187062403456 ER PT J AU Bursten, BE Li, J Liang, BY Andrews, L AF Bursten, BE Li, J Liang, BY Andrews, L TI Actinide-noble gas bonding: A remarkable synergy between theory and experiment. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Ohio State Univ, Dept Chem, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA USA. Univ Virginia, Dept Chem, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. EM bursten@chemistry.ohio-state.edu RI Li, Jun/E-5334-2011 OI Li, Jun/0000-0002-8456-3980 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 315-INOR BP U721 EP U721 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JF UT WOS:000187062403425 ER PT J AU Bytautas, L Ruedenberg, K AF Bytautas, L Ruedenberg, K TI Large full valence spaces without configurational deadwood SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NEW YORK SP Amer Chem Soc C1 US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM bytautas@fi.ameslab.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 91-PHYS BP U284 EP U284 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JG UT WOS:000187062501379 ER PT J AU Cahill, TA Cliff, SS Perry, KD Bench, GS Leifer, R AF Cahill, TA Cliff, SS Perry, KD Bench, GS Leifer, R TI Very fine particles from the WTC collapse piles: Anaerobic incineration? SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Univ Calif Davis, DELTA Grp, Dept Appl Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Davis, CA 95616 USA. US DOE, Environm Measurements Lab, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Utah, DELTA Grp, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM tacahill@ucdavis.edu NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 108-ENVR BP U484 EP U485 PN 1 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JF UT WOS:000187062402310 ER PT J AU Cai, TH Song, Z Liu, G Rodriguez, JA Hrbek, J AF Cai, TH Song, Z Liu, G Rodriguez, JA Hrbek, J TI Atomic-scale structure of RuS2 nanoclusters from Ru-3(CO)(12) and S-2 precursors. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NEW YORK SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM tcai@bnl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 101-PHYS BP U285 EP U285 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JG UT WOS:000187062501389 ER PT J AU Caldeira, K AF Caldeira, K TI An overview of ocean carbon storage options. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Atmospher Sci, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM kenc@llnl.gov RI Caldeira, Ken/E-7914-2011 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 143-GEOC BP U605 EP U605 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JF UT WOS:000187062402886 ER PT J AU Camaioni, DM Dupuis, M Autrey, T Shaw, WJ Meisel, D Carmichael, I Chipman, DM Hug, GL Bentley, J AF Camaioni, DM Dupuis, M Autrey, T Shaw, WJ Meisel, D Carmichael, I Chipman, DM Hug, GL Bentley, J TI Modeling the chemistry in high-level waste tanks: Effects of radiation and heat on waste simulants. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NEW YORK SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Notre Dame, Radiat Lab, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. EM donald.camaioni@pnl.gov RI Chipman, Daniel/C-7704-2015 OI Chipman, Daniel/0000-0002-9992-6684 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 101-NUCL BP U89 EP U90 PN 2 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JG UT WOS:000187062500472 ER PT J AU Canfield, PC AF Canfield, PC TI Crystal growth and physics of intermetallic compounds or, what happens when you mix simple chemistry and complex physics. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RI Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 053-INOR BP U679 EP U679 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JF UT WOS:000187062403166 ER PT J AU Cao, CS Wang, Y Elliott, DC Hu, J Stevens, D AF Cao, CS Wang, Y Elliott, DC Hu, J Stevens, D TI Microchannel catalytic process for converting biomass derived syngas to transportation fuels. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI Wang, Yong/C-2344-2013 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 013-CATL BP U44 EP U44 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JF UT WOS:000187062400088 ER PT J AU Casson, JL Johal, MS Chiarelli, PA Liu, DG Shaw, JA Robinson, JM Wang, HL AF Casson, JL Johal, MS Chiarelli, PA Liu, DG Shaw, JA Robinson, JM Wang, HL TI Polyelectrolyte trilayer combinations using spin-assembly and ionic self-assembly. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NEW YORK SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. New Coll Florida, Dept Nat Sci, Sarasota, FL USA. Pomona Coll, Dept Chem, Claremont, CA 91711 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM casson@lanl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 23-PMSE BP U461 EP U461 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JG UT WOS:000187062502360 ER PT J AU Cerise, J Durning, CJ Smith, G Majewski, J AF Cerise, J Durning, CJ Smith, G Majewski, J TI Reflectivity studies of nanoparticle distribution in a polymer brush. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NEW YORK SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Columbia Univ, Dept Chem Engn, New York, NY 10027 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, LANSCE, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM cjd2@columbia.edu RI Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 100-PMSE BP U473 EP U473 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JG UT WOS:000187062502436 ER PT J AU Chamberlin, RM AF Chamberlin, RM TI Sustainability enhancing national security: Toward a "green" plutonium cycle. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM rmchamberlin@lanl.gov RI Chamberlin, Rebecca/A-1335-2011 OI Chamberlin, Rebecca/0000-0001-6468-7778 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 115-IEC BP U632 EP U632 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JF UT WOS:000187062403026 ER PT J AU Chen-Yang, YW Yuan, CY Dai, S Wei, Y AF Chen-Yang, YW Yuan, CY Dai, S Wei, Y TI Ionic liquid solvent method to prepare bridged polysilsesquioxane aerogels. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NEW YORK SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Chung Yuan Christian Univ, Dept Chem, Chungli 32023, Taiwan. Chung Yuan Christian Univ, Ctr Nanotechnol, Chungli 32023, Taiwan. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN USA. Drexel Univ, Dept Chem, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM yuiwhei@cycu.edu.tw RI Wei, Yen/H-5329-2012; Dai, Sheng/K-8411-2015 OI Dai, Sheng/0000-0002-8046-3931 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 71-POLY BP U367 EP U367 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JG UT WOS:000187062501839 ER PT J AU Cheng, LW Bedzyk, MJ Sturchio, NC Fenter, P AF Cheng, LW Bedzyk, MJ Sturchio, NC Fenter, P TI Fourier reconstruction of adsorbate crystallographic distributions using X-ray standing waves. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL USA. EM lcheng@anl.gov RI Bedzyk, Michael/B-7503-2009; Cheng, Likwan/C-1436-2013 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 109-GEOC BP U599 EP U599 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JF UT WOS:000187062402852 ER PT J AU Cheng, MD Lee, DW Gu, BH AF Cheng, MD Lee, DW Gu, BH TI Investigation of nanoparticle formation during surface decontamination and characterization by pulsed laser. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NEW YORK SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM chengmd@ornl.gov RI Cheng, Meng-Dawn/C-1098-2012 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 94-NUCL BP U88 EP U88 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JG UT WOS:000187062500465 ER PT J AU Chianelli, RR Berhault, G Yacaman, MJ Mehta, A Fuentes, S Alonso, G De la Rosa, M AF Chianelli, RR Berhault, G Yacaman, MJ Mehta, A Fuentes, S Alonso, G De la Rosa, M TI HRTEM, synchrotron, and simulation techniques applied to activity and selectivity correlation in hydrodesulfurization catalysts. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Univ Texas, Mat Res & Technol Inst, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. CNRS, LACCO, F-75700 Paris, France. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA USA. Ctr Ciencias Mat Condensada, Chihuahua, Mexico. EM chianell@utep.edu RI jose yacaman, miguel/B-5622-2009 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 071-FUEL BP U540 EP U540 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JF UT WOS:000187062402611 ER PT J AU Chiang, MH Dzielawa, JA Dietz, ML Antonio, MR AF Chiang, MH Dzielawa, JA Dietz, ML Antonio, MR TI Redox chemistry of polyoxometalates in ionic liquids. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM mchiang@anl.gov; mantonio@anl.gov RI Chiang, Ming-Hsi/E-2044-2015 OI Chiang, Ming-Hsi/0000-0002-7632-9369 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 172-IEC BP U641 EP U641 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JF UT WOS:000187062403083 ER PT J AU Chinn, SC Davisson, ML Reynolds, J Koester, CJ Love, AH Maxwell, R Vance, AL AF Chinn, SC Davisson, ML Reynolds, J Koester, CJ Love, AH Maxwell, R Vance, AL TI Nmr detection of chemical weapons manufacturing byproducts in environmental media. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM chinn7@llnl.gov RI Chinn, Sarah/E-1195-2011 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 066-GEOC BP U592 EP U592 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JF UT WOS:000187062402810 ER PT J AU Cho, CG Kim, Y Hill, M McGrath, JE AF Cho, CG Kim, Y Hill, M McGrath, JE TI Synthesis and characterization of poly(arylene ether sulfone) copolymers with sulfonimide side groups. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NEW YORK SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Hanyang Univ, Dept Fiber & Polymer Engn, Seoul 133791, South Korea. Los Alamos Natl Lab, MST 11, Los Alamos, NM USA. Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Chem, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Mat Res Inst, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM cgcho@hanyang.ac.kr; mahill@vt.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 243-POLY BP U392 EP U392 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JG UT WOS:000187062502011 ER PT J AU Choe, WY Radousky, H McElfresh, M Kauzlarich, SM AF Choe, WY Radousky, H McElfresh, M Kauzlarich, SM TI Exchange-coupling in magnetic nanoparticles to enhance magnetostriction. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Mat Res Inst, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem, Davis, CA 95616 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 128-INOR BP U692 EP U692 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JF UT WOS:000187062403240 ER PT J AU Choung, SY Ferrandon, M Krause, T AF Choung, SY Ferrandon, M Krause, T TI Water-gas shift catalysis on Pt bimetallic catalysts. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem Technol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM choung@cmt.anl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 140-FUEL BP U566 EP U567 PN 1 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JF UT WOS:000187062402680 ER PT J AU Christe, KO Dixon, DA AF Christe, KO Dixon, DA TI Conceptual problems in main group chemistry. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USAF, Res Lab, Space & Missle Prop Div, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA. Univ So Calif, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental Sci Directorate, Richland, WA USA. EM karl.christe@edwards.af.mil RI Christe, Karl/O-4885-2014 OI Christe, Karl/0000-0003-0661-5519 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 236-INOR BP U709 EP U709 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JF UT WOS:000187062403346 ER PT J AU Contal, M Izuel, C Laguna, M Villuendas, PR Alonsa, PJ Fish, RH AF Contal, M Izuel, C Laguna, M Villuendas, PR Alonsa, PJ Fish, RH TI Fluorous biphasic catalysis: Synthesis of copper(I) and (II) fluoroponytailed 1,4,7-Rf-TACN and 2,2 '-Rf-bipyridine complexes, and their catalytic activity in the oxidation of alkanes, alkenes, and alcohols. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Univ Zaragoza, Inst Ciencia Mat Aragon, CSIC, Dept Quim Inorgan, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. EM mcontel@posta.unizar.es NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 017-INOR BP U653 EP U654 PN 1 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JF UT WOS:000187062403130 ER PT J AU Corbett, JD Mudring, AV AF Corbett, JD Mudring, AV TI Some problems with closed shell expectations for Zintl phase compounds of the post-transition elements. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM jcorbett@iastate.edu RI Mudring, Anja/C-4739-2014 OI Mudring, Anja/0000-0002-2800-1684 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 324-INOR BP U723 EP U723 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JF UT WOS:000187062403434 ER PT J AU Corbett, JD AF Corbett, JD TI Zintl phases among the earlier post-transition elements and some of their properties, bonding features, and complications. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Iowa State Univ, US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM jcorbett@iastate.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 052-INOR BP U679 EP U679 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JF UT WOS:000187062403165 ER PT J AU Coriz, F Brock, JC AF Coriz, F Brock, JC TI Plutonium oxide polishing for MOX fuel fabrication. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Nucl Mat & Technol Div, Santa Fe, NM 87506 USA. EM fcoriz@lanl.gov; jbrock@lanl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 119-IED BP U633 EP U633 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JF UT WOS:000187062403030 ER PT J AU Criscenti, LJ Cygan, RT AF Criscenti, LJ Cygan, RT TI Molecular models of interlayer absorption of water and halocarbons by clay minerals. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Geochem, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM ljcrisc@sandia.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 118-GEOC BP U601 EP U601 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JF UT WOS:000187062402861 ER PT J AU Crooks, WJ Spearing, D AF Crooks, WJ Spearing, D TI Gas generation mechanisms in Pu metal bearing DOE-STD-3013-2000 containers. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NEW YORK SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Actinide Technol Sect, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Nucl Mat Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 63-NUCL BP U83 EP U83 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JG UT WOS:000187062500434 ER PT J AU Crowell, RA Lian, R Shkrob, I Bartels, DM AF Crowell, RA Lian, R Shkrob, I Bartels, DM TI Ultrafast studies of the CTTS band of the hydroxide ion in liquid water. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NEW YORK SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM rob_crowell@anl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 331-PHYS BP U319 EP U319 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JG UT WOS:000187062501615 ER PT J AU Crowell, RA Lian, R Shkrob, I Oulianov, D AF Crowell, RA Lian, R Shkrob, I Oulianov, D TI Generation and thermalization of electrons in the liquid water conduction band. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NEW YORK SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM rob_crowell@anl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 175-PHYS BP U296 EP U296 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JG UT WOS:000187062501463 ER PT J AU Da Re, RE Kuehl, CJ John, KD Morris, DE AF Da Re, RE Kuehl, CJ John, KD Morris, DE TI Electronic structures of ytterbocene-imine complexes. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM ryandare@lanl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 679-INOR BP U779 EP U779 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JF UT WOS:000187062403787 ER PT J AU Da Re, RE Baker, SN Baker, GA Morris, DE Costa, DA AF Da Re, RE Baker, SN Baker, GA Morris, DE Costa, DA TI Electronic spectroscopy of rhenium dioxo complexes within ionic liquids. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM ryandare@lanl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 053-IEC BP U623 EP U623 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JF UT WOS:000187062402964 ER PT J AU Dabestani, R Britt, PF Buchanan, AC AF Dabestani, R Britt, PF Buchanan, AC TI Pyrolysis of aromatic carboxylic acid salts: Does decarboxylation play a role in cross-linking reactions? SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM dabestanir@ornl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 035-FUEL BP U534 EP U534 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JF UT WOS:000187062402575 ER PT J AU Dai, HX Bell, AT Iglesia, E AF Dai, HX Bell, AT Iglesia, E TI Effects of molybdena on the catalytic properties of vanadia domains supported on alumina for oxidative dehydrogenation of propane. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, EO, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, EO, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM bell@cchem.berkeley.edu; bell@cchem.berkeley.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 110-COLL BP U365 EP U365 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JF UT WOS:000187062401706 ER PT J AU Dai, S Luo, HM Bonnesen, PV Buchanan, AC AF Dai, S Luo, HM Bonnesen, PV Buchanan, AC TI Novel separation processes based on unique solvation properties ionic liquids. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Nucl Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM dais@ornl.gov RI Dai, Sheng/K-8411-2015 OI Dai, Sheng/0000-0002-8046-3931 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 067-IEC BP U625 EP U625 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JF UT WOS:000187062402978 ER PT J AU Dai, S Bao, LL Mahurin, SM AF Dai, S Bao, LL Mahurin, SM TI New method for in-situ characterization of important actinides via surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NEW YORK SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM dais@ornl.gov RI Dai, Sheng/K-8411-2015 OI Dai, Sheng/0000-0002-8046-3931 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 78-NUCL BP U86 EP U86 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JG UT WOS:000187062500449 ER PT J AU Damo, SM Kim, HS Lee, SY Oyeyemi, O Klinman, JP Wemmer, DE AF Damo, SM Kim, HS Lee, SY Oyeyemi, O Klinman, JP Wemmer, DE TI Structure of a thermophilic dihydrofolate reductase. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Calvin Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Rockefeller Univ, HHMI, New York, NY 10021 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. LBNL, Berkeley, CA USA. EM smdamo@lbl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 097-BIOL BP U166 EP U166 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JF UT WOS:000187062400689 ER PT J AU Dannenberg, JJ Masunov, A AF Dannenberg, JJ Masunov, A TI Molecular and crystal orbital studies of organic crystal formation. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NEW YORK SP Amer Chem Soc C1 CUNY Hunter Coll, Dept Chem, New York, NY 10021 USA. CUNY Grad Sch & Univ Ctr, Dept Chem, New York, NY 10021 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM jdannenberg@gc.cuny.edu; artem.masunov@lanl.gov RI Masunov, Artem/A-1745-2011 OI Masunov, Artem/0000-0003-4924-3380 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 318-PHYS BP U317 EP U317 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JG UT WOS:000187062501602 ER PT J AU deJong, WA Cho, HM Soderquist, CZ Bridges, NN Abrefah, J AF deJong, WA Cho, HM Soderquist, CZ Bridges, NN Abrefah, J TI O-17 NMR in uranyl containing crystals: Experiments and computational studies. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, WR Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Radiochem Sci & Engn Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM bert.dejong@pnl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 675-INOR BP U779 EP U779 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JF UT WOS:000187062403783 ER PT J AU deJong, WA Chop, HM Soderquist, CZ McNamara, BK Rapko, BM Burgeson, IE Dixon, DA AF deJong, WA Chop, HM Soderquist, CZ McNamara, BK Rapko, BM Burgeson, IE Dixon, DA TI NMR and pertechnetate: Results of combined experiment and computational studies. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, WR Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Radiochem Sci & Engn Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Technol Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental Sci Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM bert.dejong@pnl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 623-INOR BP U770 EP U770 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JF UT WOS:000187062403731 ER PT J AU Dieckmann, T AF Dieckmann, T TI Binding to an RNA aptamer changes the charge distribution and conformation of malachite green. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Biol & Biotechnol Res Program, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biol & Biotechnol Res Program, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM dieckman@chem.ucdavis.edu RI Dieckmann, Thorsten/F-1949-2010 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 243-COMP BP U461 EP U461 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JF UT WOS:000187062402190 ER PT J AU Dietz, ML Dzielawa, JA Jensen, MP Beitz, JV Borkowski, M AF Dietz, ML Dzielawa, JA Jensen, MP Beitz, JV Borkowski, M TI The road to partition: Mechanisms of metal ion transfer into ionic liquids (ILs) and their implications for the application of ILs as extraction solvents. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM mdietz@anl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 071-IEC BP U625 EP U625 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JF UT WOS:000187062402982 ER PT J AU Dietz, ML McAlister, DR Stepinski, DC Zalupski, PR Dzielawa, JA Barrans, RE Hess, JN Rubas, AV Chiarizia, R Lubbers, CM Scurto, AM Brennecke, JF Herlinger, AW AF Dietz, ML McAlister, DR Stepinski, DC Zalupski, PR Dzielawa, JA Barrans, RE Hess, JN Rubas, AV Chiarizia, R Lubbers, CM Scurto, AM Brennecke, JF Herlinger, AW TI Recent progress in the development of supercritical carbon dioxide-soluble metal ion extractants: Aggregation, extraction, and solubility properties of silicon-substituted alkylenediphosphonic acids. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 226th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 07-11, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NEW YORK SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Loyola Univ, Dept Chem, Chicago, IL 60626 USA. Univ Notre Dame, Dept Chem Engn, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Univ Notre Dame, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. EM mdietz@anl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2003 VL 226 MA 97-NUCL BP U89 EP U89 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 751JG UT WOS:000187062500468 ER EF