FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™
VR 1.0
PT J
AU Wind, RA
Hu, JZ
Rommereim, DN
AF Wind, RA
Hu, JZ
Rommereim, DN
TI High-resolution H-1 NMR spectroscopy in a live mouse subjected to 1.5 Hz
magic angle spinning
SO MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
DE high-resolution H-1 spectroscopy; in vivo NMR; magic angle turning;
magic angle spinning; PHORMAT
ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; NMR-SPECTROSCOPY; CHEMICAL-SHIFT; RAT-LIVER;
H-1; GRADIENT; SOLIDS; SAMPLES; TISSUE; FIELD
AB It is demonstrated that the resolution of the H-1 NMR metabolite spectrum in a live mouse can be significantly enhanced by an ultraslow magic angle spinning of the animal combined with a modified phase-corrected magic angle turning (PHORMAT) pulse sequence. Proton NMR spectra were measured of the torso and the top part of the belly of a female BALBc mouse in a 2 T field while spinning the animal at a speed of 1.5 Hz. It was found that even in this relatively low field, with PHORMAT an isotropic spectrum is obtained with line widths that are a factor of 4.6 smaller than those obtained in a stationary mouse. It is concluded that in vivo PHORMAT has the potential to significantly increase the utility of H-1 NMR spectroscopy for biochemical and biomedical animal research. (C) 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Wind, RA (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999,MS K8-98, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RI Hu, Jian Zhi/F-7126-2012
NR 30
TC 26
Z9 26
U1 0
U2 7
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 0740-3194
J9 MAGNET RESON MED
JI Magn. Reson. Med.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 50
IS 6
BP 1113
EP 1119
DI 10.1002/mrm.10650
PG 7
WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
GA 750LE
UT WOS:000186991500001
PM 14648558
ER
PT J
AU Yankeelov, TE
Rooney, WD
Li, X
Springer, CS
AF Yankeelov, TE
Rooney, WD
Li, X
Springer, CS
TI Variation of the relaxographic "shutter-speed" for transcytolemmal water
exchange affects the CR bolus-tracking curve shape
SO MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
DE shutter-speed; CR bolus-tracking; intracellular water lifetime
ID CONTRAST-ENHANCED MRI; GD-DTPA RELAXIVITY; IN-VIVO; BLOOD-VOLUME;
PERFUSION MEASUREMENTS; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; BREAST-TUMORS; DYNAMIC
MRI; DIFFUSION; PERMEABILITY
AB Contrast reagents (CRs) may enter the tissue interstitium for a period after a vascular bolus injection. As the amount of interstitial CR increases, the longitudinal relaxographic NMR "shutter-speed" (T-1) for the equilibrium transcytolemmal water exchange process increases. The quantity T-1 is given by \r(10)[CRo] + R-1o0 - R-1i\ (where r(1o) and [CRo] represent the interstitial (extracellular) CR relaxivity and concentration, respectively, and R-1o0 and R-1i are the extra- and intracellular (H2O)-H-1 relaxation rate constants, respectively, in the absence of exchange). The increase of T-1 with [CRo] causes the kinetics of the water exchange equilibrium to appear to decrease. Here, analytical theory for two-site-exchange processes is combined with that for pharmacokinetic CR delivery, extraction, and distribution in a method termed BOLus Enhanced Relaxation Overview (BOLERO(C)). The shutter-speed effect alters the shape of the bolus-tracking (B-T) time-course. It is shown that this is mostly accounted for by the inclusion of only one additional parameter, which measures the mean intracellular lifetime of a water molecule. Simulated and real data demonstrate that the effect of shutter-speed variation on pharmacokinetic parameters can be very significant: neglecting this effect can lead to an underestimation of the parameter values by 50%. This phenomenon can be heterogeneous. Within a tiny gliosarcoma implanted in the rat brain, the interstitial CR in the tumor core never rises to a level sufficient to cause apparent slowing of the exchange process. However, within the few microns needed to reach the proliferating rim, this occurs to a significant degree. Thus, even relative pharmacokinetic quantities can be incorrectly represented in a parametric map that neglects this effect. The BOLERO analysis shows promise for in vivo vascular phenotyping in pathophysiology. It also includes a provision for approximating the separation of the perfusion and permeability contributions to CR extravasation. (C) 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Biomed Engn, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
RP Springer, CS (reprint author), Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Adv Imaging Res Ctr, 3181 Sam Jackson Pk Rd SW,Mail Code L452, Portland, OR 97239 USA.
OI Springer, Charles/0000-0002-5966-2135
FU NIBIB NIH HHS [R01-EB00422]; NIGMS NIH HHS [R01-GM32125]; NINDS NIH HHS
[R01-NS40801]
NR 49
TC 116
Z9 116
U1 1
U2 10
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 0740-3194
J9 MAGNET RESON MED
JI Magn. Reson. Med.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 50
IS 6
BP 1151
EP 1169
DI 10.1002/mrm.10624
PG 19
WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
GA 750LE
UT WOS:000186991500006
PM 14648563
ER
PT J
AU Williams, ML
Ilas, D
Sajo, E
Jones, DB
Watkins, KE
AF Williams, ML
Ilas, D
Sajo, E
Jones, DB
Watkins, KE
TI Deterministic photon transport calculations in general geometry for
external beam radiation therapy
SO MEDICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE photon beam; therapy planning; Boltzmann equation; deterministic
computations
ID SYSTEM
AB A deterministic method is described for performing three-dimensional (3D) photon transport calculations of a LINAC head and phantom/patient geometry to obtain dose distributions for therapy planning. The space, energy, and directional-dependent photon flux density is obtained by numerically solving the Boltzmann equation in general 3D geometry using the method of characteristics. The deterministic transport calculations use similar ray tracing routines as found in Monte Carlo (MC) codes. A special treatment is developed to better represent the impact of scattering from accelerator head components. Equations are presented for computing the water kerma distribution due to the uncollided and collided photon flux density field in the patient region. Kerma results obtained from the deterministic computation are compared to Monte Carlo values for a variety of source spectra and field sizes. The agreement for kerma values in the beam is usually within the MC uncertainties. It is concluded that the deterministic method is a rigorous, first-principles approach that could provide a superior alternative to Monte Carlo calculations for some types of problems. However additional development is needed to provide capability for 3D electron transport calculations. (C) 2003 American Association of Physicists in Medicine.
C1 Louisiana State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Med Phys Grp, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
TransWare Enterprises Inc, San Jose, CA 95123 USA.
RP Williams, ML (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA.
OI Ilas, Dan/0000-0002-4971-9476
NR 18
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER ASSOC PHYSICISTS MEDICINE AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA
SN 0094-2405
J9 MED PHYS
JI Med. Phys.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 30
IS 12
BP 3183
EP 3195
DI 10.1118/1.1621135
PG 13
WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
GA 756GE
UT WOS:000187456800016
PM 14713085
ER
PT J
AU Stephens, JJ
Hosking, FM
Headley, TJ
Hlava, PF
Yost, FG
AF Stephens, JJ
Hosking, FM
Headley, TJ
Hlava, PF
Yost, FG
TI Reaction layers and mechanisms for a Ti-activated braze on sapphire
SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND
MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID THERMODYNAMIC EVALUATION; ALUMINA; SYSTEM; JOINTS; ALLOY
AB A study was conducted to understand the wetting phenomena observed in brazing of a Ti-containing active filler metal on sapphire substrates. The goal of the study was to understand the interfacial reactions that permit wetting of commercial Ag-Cu-Ti active filler metal to pure alumina, despite the lower thermodynamic stability of TiO2 relative to Al2O3. Based upon transmission electron microscope, electron microprobe, and Auger analyses, it is proposed that two coupled reactions and diffusion of reactants take place. The oxides TiO, Ti2O, and Cu3Ti3O were observed at the braze/ceramic interface. It is suggested that the complex oxide Cu3Ti3O grows at its interface with TiO, and the oxide TiO is produced by reaction of Ti and sapphire and is subsequently consumed at its interface with Cu3Ti3O. It is also suggested that Ti2O forms from Ti and TiO while cooling from the brazing cycle.
C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Stephens, JJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
NR 16
TC 19
Z9 22
U1 2
U2 19
PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC
PI WARRENDALE
PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA
SN 1073-5623
J9 METALL MATER TRANS A
JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 34A
IS 12
BP 2963
EP 2972
DI 10.1007/s11661-003-0195-9
PG 10
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 753QC
UT WOS:000187241200025
ER
PT J
AU Mataya, MC
Nilsson, ER
Brown, EL
Krauss, G
AF Mataya, MC
Nilsson, ER
Brown, EL
Krauss, G
TI Hot working and recrystallization of as-cast 317L
SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND
MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID AUSTENITIC STAINLESS-STEELS; BEHAVIOR; PHASE; DEFORMATION; ALLOY
AB Stress-strain behavior and microstructure evolution during hot working of as-cast austenitic stainless steel alloy 317L is investigated by uniaxial compression of cylindrical specimens at a strain rate of 1 s(-1) over the temperature range 1000degreesC to 1150degreesC and up to a strain of one. The measured flow curves show little strain hardening, attributed in part to the high stacking fault energy (SFE) of the alloy. Dynamic recrystallization is not observed. Static recrystallization is observed to nucleate within the austenite matrix in the dendrite cores at dislocation microbands and in austenite immediately adjacent to a vermicular microconstituent, composed primarily of sigma and austenite and, occasionally, some delta ferrite. The recrystallization kinetics of 317L are retarded compared to as-cast 316L steel. The relatively sluggish recrystallization behavior is attributed in part to the higher SFE of 317L, which favors recovery over recrystallization, and in part to gradients in chemical composition and SFE, not found in 316L, in the dendritic microstructure. Thus, in the austenite near the interphase boundary, with high SFE, recovery initially replaced recrystallization, in contrast to recrystallization in the austenite more distant from the boundary. The recrystallization kinetics of both as-cast 317L and 316L were relatively slow compared to wrought stainless steels of comparative grain size and SFE, presumably due to the crystallographic texture and associated relatively low flow stress in the former materials. A kinetic model for recrystallization in as-cast 317L is developed and utilized to simulate evolution of the first cycle of recrystallization during various thermal-mechanical treatment schedules typically employed during primary breakdown of as-cast material.
C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Colorado Sch Mines, ASPPRC, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EB Sci Enterprises, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
Univ Emeritius, Colorado Sch Mines, Met & Mat Engn Dept, Golden, CO USA.
RP Mataya, MC (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
NR 38
TC 11
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 4
PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC
PI WARRENDALE
PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA
SN 1073-5623
J9 METALL MATER TRANS A
JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 34A
IS 12
BP 3021
EP 3041
DI 10.1007/s11661-003-0201-2
PG 21
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 753QC
UT WOS:000187241200031
ER
PT J
AU Rivard, JDK
Sabau, AS
Blue, CA
Ohriner, EK
Jayaraman, N
AF Rivard, JDK
Sabau, AS
Blue, CA
Ohriner, EK
Jayaraman, N
TI Thermophysical properties of roll-compacted nickel sheet for
high-density infrared sheet fabrication
SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND
MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID LIQUID NICKEL; EMISSIVITY
AB This work is focused on the analysis of the high-density infrared (HDI) sheet fabrication process of powder compacts. Measurements of material properties and distribution of incident heat flux on processed powder sheet surfaces have been conducted with the aim of obtaining a complete set of data that can be used as input in computer simulation software. It was found that these materials exhibit significant anisotropy in thermal conductivity. Indirect measurements indicate that there are small variations in density across the thickness of the powder compacts. Temperature data were obtained from thermocouples placed on the backside of the sheet. The evolution of thermal profile during a static pulse was investigated by using a three-dimensional finite volume model. Numerical simulation results are very sensitive to the surface emissivity. Numerical simulation results agree very well with experimental results for the case in which no liquid pool was formed during HDI processing.
C1 Univ Cincinnati, Dept Chem & Mat Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA.
RP Rivard, JDK (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Dept Chem & Mat Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA.
RI Sabau, Adrian/B-9571-2008
OI Sabau, Adrian/0000-0003-3088-6474
NR 12
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 1
PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC
PI WARRENDALE
PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA
SN 1073-5623
J9 METALL MATER TRANS A
JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 34A
IS 12
BP 3043
EP 3054
DI 10.1007/s11661-003-0202-1
PG 12
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 753QC
UT WOS:000187241200032
ER
PT J
AU Diebold, AC
Foran, B
Kisielowski, C
Muller, DA
Pennycook, SJ
Principe, E
Stemmer, S
AF Diebold, AC
Foran, B
Kisielowski, C
Muller, DA
Pennycook, SJ
Principe, E
Stemmer, S
TI Thin dielectric film thickness determination by advanced transmission
electron microscopy
SO MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS
LA English
DT Article
DE thin films; HR-TEM; STEM; thickness determination
ID SUB-ANGSTROM RESOLUTION; IMAGE-RECONSTRUCTION; ADF STEM; CRYSTALS;
RETRIEVAL; CONTRAST; KV
AB High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) has been used as the ultimate method of thickness measurement for thin films. The appearance of phase contrast interference patterns in HR-TEM images has long been confused as the appearance of a crystal lattice by nonspecialists. Relatively easy to interpret crystal lattice images are now directly observed with the introduction of annular dark-field detectors for scanning TEM (STEM). With the recent development of reliable lattice image processing software that creates crystal structure images from phase contrast data, HR-TEM can also provide crystal lattice images. The resolution of both methods has been steadily improved reaching now into the sub-Angstrom region. Improvements in electron lens and image analysis software are increasing the spatial resolution of both methods. Optimum resolution for STEM requires that the probe beam be highly localized. In STEM, beam localization is enhanced by selection of the correct aperture. When STEM measurement is done using a highly localized probe beam, HR-TEM and STEM measurement of the thickness of silicon oxynitride films agree within experimental error. In this article, the optimum conditions for HR-TEM and STEM measurement are discussed along with a method for repeatable film thickness determination. The impact of sample thickness is also discussed. The key result in this article is the proposal of a reproducible method for film thickness determination.
C1 Int SEMATECH, Austin, TX 78741 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Natl Ctr Electron Microscopy, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Bell Labs, Lucent Technol, Murray Hill, NJ 07974 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
Appl Mat Inc, Santa Clara, CA 95054 USA.
Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Mat, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
RP Diebold, AC (reprint author), Int SEMATECH, Austin, TX 78741 USA.
RI Stemmer, Susanne/H-6555-2011; Muller, David/A-7745-2010
OI Stemmer, Susanne/0000-0002-3142-4696; Muller, David/0000-0003-4129-0473
NR 47
TC 43
Z9 43
U1 0
U2 11
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 40 WEST 20TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 USA
SN 1431-9276
J9 MICROSC MICROANAL
JI Microsc. microanal.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 9
IS 6
BP 493
EP 508
DI 10.1017/S1431927603030629
PG 16
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Microscopy
SC Materials Science; Microscopy
GA 748FR
UT WOS:000186852300003
PM 14750984
ER
PT J
AU Pan, LW
Yuen, P
Lin, L
Garcia, EJ
AF Pan, LW
Yuen, P
Lin, L
Garcia, EJ
TI Flip chip electrical interconnection by selective electroplating and
bonding
SO MICROSYSTEM TECHNOLOGIES-MICRO-AND NANOSYSTEMS-INFORMATION STORAGE AND
PROCESSING SYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 4th International Workshop on High Aspect Ratio Micro Structure
Technology (HARMST 01)
CY JUN 17-19, 2001
CL BADEN BADEN, GERMANY
AB This work presents a parallel electrical interconnection process by means of flip-chip, selective electroplating and bonding. The electrical interconnection lines are built on a glass substrate made of 500/2000 Angstrom of Cr/Au with 3150 mum in length and 10 mum in width. Two silicon chips are processed as the device chips to be electrically interconnected. It has been demonstrated that 98 out of 102 interconnects are established in parallel with a successful rate of 96% and the average resistance of the electroplating bond is 12 Ohm. This process has potential applications in replacing the conventional, serial wire bonding or tape automated bonding (TAB) process for massive interconnection requirements in IC or MEMS devices. Reliability test is also performed by putting the interconnects into boiling liquid nitrogen (-195 degreesC) repeatedly. It is found that 100% of the interconnects survive after 2 cycles of the quenching process.
C1 Univ Michigan, Berkeley Sensor & Actuator Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley Sensor & Actuator Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Sandia Natl Labs, Berkeley Sensor & Actuator Ctr, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Pan, LW (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Berkeley Sensor & Actuator Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
NR 9
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG
PI NEW YORK
PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA
SN 0946-7076
J9 MICROSYST TECHNOL
JI Microsyst. Technol.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 10
IS 1
BP 7
EP 10
DI 10.1007/s00542-002-0189-3
PG 4
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology;
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA 756VT
UT WOS:000187505100002
ER
PT J
AU Farquhar, ML
Wogelius, RA
Charnock, JM
Wincott, P
Tang, CC
Newville, M
Eng, PJ
Trainor, TP
AF Farquhar, ML
Wogelius, RA
Charnock, JM
Wincott, P
Tang, CC
Newville, M
Eng, PJ
Trainor, TP
TI Surface oxidation of rhodonite: structural and chemical study by surface
scattering and glancing incidence XAS techniques
SO MINERALOGICAL MAGAZINE
LA English
DT Article
DE X-ray scattering; X-ray absorption spectroscopy; oxidation; dissolution;
rhodonite
ID X-RAY REFLECTIVITY; FELDSPAR; MODEL; FE
AB Oxidative dissolution of a primary Mn-silicate phase (rhodonite) was studied via synchrotron X-ray techniques. The study was designed to combine the element-specific chemical technique of Glancing Incidence X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (GIXAS) with the surface structural technique of X-ray scattering in order to produce the first depth resolved study of Mn-silicate low-temperature reactivity. A chemo-mechanically polished polycrystalline rhodonite sample was characterized and then reacted with pH 3.5 nitric acid. The surface originally had a mosaic structure and 15.5 (+/-1) Angstrom r.m.s. roughness. Surface composition was not measurably different from bulk rhodonite before reaction, indicating that the surface preparation regimen had not produced an altered surface. After 1 h of reaction, the roughness of the mineral surface decreased and reflectivity oscillations developed, resulting from the formation of a leached layer. This layer was 74.7 (+/-2) Angstrom thick with an electron density equal to 72% of that of bulk rhodonite (equal to the loss of similar to1 in 2. Mn atoms). Both the primary and the buried interfaces had similar roughnesses; 4.9 and 4.5 (+/-1.0) Angstrom, respectively. Diffuse scatter indicated that the correlation length between surface features also decreased. The GIXAS analysis showed that the Mn remaining in the surface had become oxidized, with the degree of oxidation decreasing as a function of depth. Oxidation penetrated at least 140 Angstrom into the structure. A further 2.5 h of reaction at pH 3.5 caused dissolution of the leached layer and reduced the thickness of this altered region to 16.0 (+/-2) Angstrom, while surface roughness increased slightly to 6.2 ( +/-1.0) Angstrom. Depletion of Mn in this region increased only slightly relative to the first reaction step; the electron density was 67% that of bulk rhodonite, equivalent to the loss of 2 in 3 Mn atoms. The thickness of the oxidized region however, persisted. Analysis by XPS on the same specimen corroborates the X-ray results.
C1 Univ Manchester, Dept Earth Sci, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England.
CLRC Daresbury Lab, Warrington WA4 4AD, Cheshire, England.
Argonne Natl Lab, APS, GSECARS, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Wogelius, RA (reprint author), Univ Manchester, Dept Earth Sci, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England.
EM Roy.Wogelius@man.ac.uk
RI Wogelius, Roy/C-4917-2008
NR 20
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 2
U2 9
PU MINERALOGICAL SOCIETY
PI LONDON
PA 41 QUEENS GATE, LONDON SW7 5HR, ENGLAND
SN 0026-461X
J9 MINERAL MAG
JI Mineral. Mag.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 67
IS 6
BP 1205
EP 1219
DI 10.1180/0026461036760159
PG 15
WC Mineralogy
SC Mineralogy
GA 776TC
UT WOS:000189132500008
ER
PT J
AU Lue, NF
Lin, YC
Mian, IS
AF Lue, NF
Lin, YC
Mian, IS
TI A conserved telomerase motif within the catalytic domain of telomerase
reverse transcriptase is specifically required for repeat addition
processivity
SO MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID TETRAHYMENA TELOMERASE; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; MAMMALIAN TELOMERASE;
YEAST TELOMERASE; FUNCTIONAL-ANALYSIS; SUBUNIT GENE; IN-VITRO; RNA;
IDENTIFICATION; COMPLEXES
AB Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein reverse transcriptase responsible for the maintenance of one strand of the telomere terminal repeats. The catalytic protein subunit of the telomerase complex, known as TERT, possesses a reverse transcriptase (RT) domain that mediates nucleotide addition. The RT domain of TERT is distinguishable from retroviral and retrotransposon RTs in having a sizable insertion between conserved motifs A and B', within the so-called fingers domain. Sequence analysis revealed the existence of conserved residues in this region, named IFD (insertion in fingers domain). Mutations of some of the conserved residues in Saccharomyces cerevisiae TERT (Est2p) abolished telomerase function in vivo, testifying to their importance. Significant effects of the mutations on telomerase activity in vitro were observed, with most of the mutants exhibiting a uniform reduction in activity regardless of primer sequence. Remarkably, one mutant manifested a primer-specific defect, being selectively impaired in extending primers that form short hybrids with telomerase RNA. This mutant also accumulated products that correspond to one complete round of repeat synthesis, implying an inability to effect the repositioning of the DNA product relative to the RNA template that is necessary for multiple repeat addition. Our results suggest that the ability to stabilize short RNA-DNA hybrids is crucial for telomerase function in vivo and that this ability is mediated in part by a more elaborate fingers domain structure.
C1 Cornell Univ, Weill Med Coll, WR Hearst Microbiol Res Ctr, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, New York, NY 10021 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Lue, NF (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Weill Med Coll, WR Hearst Microbiol Res Ctr, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, 1300 York Ave, New York, NY 10021 USA.
NR 53
TC 38
Z9 40
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0270-7306
J9 MOL CELL BIOL
JI Mol. Cell. Biol.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 23
IS 23
BP 8440
EP 8449
DI 10.1128/MCB.23.23.8440-8449.2003
PG 10
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology
GA 744FY
UT WOS:000186618300004
PM 14612390
ER
PT J
AU Walden, H
Podgorski, MS
Huang, DT
Miller, DW
Howard, RJ
Minor, DL
Holton, JM
Schulman, BA
AF Walden, H
Podgorski, MS
Huang, DT
Miller, DW
Howard, RJ
Minor, DL
Holton, JM
Schulman, BA
TI The structure of the APPBP1-UBA3-NEDD8-ATP complex reveals the basis for
selective ubiquitin-like protein activation by an E1
SO MOLECULAR CELL
LA English
DT Article
ID MODIFICATION PATHWAY; NEDD8 MODIFICATION; CUE DOMAIN; ENZYME; BINDING;
SYSTEM; SUMO; CONJUGATION; MECHANISM; YEAST
AB E1 enzymes initiate ubiquitin-like protein (ubl) transfer cascades by catalyzing adenylation of the ubl's C terminus. An E1's selectivity for its cognate ubl is essential because the E1 subsequently coordinates the ubi with its correct downstream pathway. We report here the structure of the 120 kDa quaternary complex between human APPBP1-UBA3, a heterodimeric E1, its ubi NEDD8, and ATP. The E1 selectively recruits NEDD8 through a bipartite interface, involving a domain common to all ubl activating enzymes including bacterial ancestors, and also eukaryotic E1-specific sequences. By modeling ubiquitin into the NEDD8 binding site and performing mutational analysis, we identify a single conserved arginine in APPBP1-UBA3 that acts as a selectivity gate, preventing misactivation of ubiquitin by NEDD8's E1. NEDD8 residues that interact with E1 correspond to residues in ubiquitin important for binding the proteasome and other ubiquitin-interacting proteins, suggesting that the conjugation and recognition machineries have coevolved for each specific ubl.
C1 St Jude Childrens Res Hosp, Dept Biol Struct, Memphis, TN 38105 USA.
St Jude Childrens Res Hosp, Dept Genet Tumor Cell Biol, Memphis, TN 38105 USA.
Univ Calif San Francisco, Inst Cardiovasc Res, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.
Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Biochem & Biophys, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.
Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Cellular & Mol Pharmacol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.
Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Schulman, BA (reprint author), St Jude Childrens Res Hosp, Dept Biol Struct, 332 N Lauderdale, Memphis, TN 38105 USA.
EM brenda.schulman@stjude.org
FU NCI NIH HHS [P30CA21765]; NIGMS NIH HHS [R01GM69530]
NR 56
TC 133
Z9 138
U1 0
U2 4
PU CELL PRESS
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA
SN 1097-2765
J9 MOL CELL
JI Mol. Cell
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 12
IS 6
BP 1427
EP 1437
DI 10.1016/S1097-2765(03)00452-0
PG 11
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology
GA 756XT
UT WOS:000187511600012
PM 14690597
ER
PT J
AU Gu, S
Chen, J
Dobos, KM
Bradbury, EM
Belisle, JT
Chen, X
AF Gu, S
Chen, J
Dobos, KM
Bradbury, EM
Belisle, JT
Chen, X
TI Comprehensive proteomic profiling of the membrane constituents of a
Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain
SO MOLECULAR & CELLULAR PROTEOMICS
LA English
DT Article
ID ASSISTED-LASER-DESORPTION/IONIZATION; PROTEIN IDENTIFICATION;
MASS-SPECTROMETRY; YEAST PROTEOME; H37RV; GENE; ANTIGENS; GENOMES; TIME;
TOOL
AB Mycobacterium tuberculosis is an infectious microorganism that causes human tuberculosis. The cell membranes of pathogens are known to be rich in possible diagnostic and therapeutic protein targets. To compliment the M. tuberculosis genome, we have profiled the membrane protein fraction of the M. tuberculosis H37Rv strain using an analytical platform that couples one-dimensional SDS gels to a microcapillary liquid chromatography-nanospray-tandem mass spectrometer. As a result, 739 proteins have been identified by two or more distinct peptide sequences and have been characterized. Interestingly, similar to450 proteins represent novel identifications, 79 of which are membrane proteins and more than 100 of which are membrane-associated proteins. The physicochemical properties of the identified proteins were studied in detail, and then biological functions were obtained by sorting them according to Sanger Institute gene function category. Many membrane proteins were found to be involved in the cell envelope, and those proteins with energy metabolic functions were also identified in this study.
C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Biosci, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
Colorado State Univ, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
Univ Calif Davis, Sch Med, Dept Biol Chem, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RP Chen, X (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Biosci, B-2,MS M888, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
RI Belisle, John/B-8944-2017; Dobos, Karen/D-1170-2017
OI Belisle, John/0000-0002-2539-2798; Dobos, Karen/0000-0001-7115-8524
NR 40
TC 133
Z9 138
U1 1
U2 9
PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA
SN 1535-9476
J9 MOL CELL PROTEOMICS
JI Mol. Cell. Proteomics
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 2
IS 12
BP 1284
EP 1296
DI 10.1074/mcp.M300060-MCP200
PG 13
WC Biochemical Research Methods
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 753VH
UT WOS:000187250900004
PM 14532352
ER
PT J
AU Croshaw, DA
Glenn, TC
AF Croshaw, DA
Glenn, TC
TI Seven polymorphic microsatellite DNA loci from the red-spotted newt
(Notophthalmus viridescens)
SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY NOTES
LA English
DT Article
DE microsatellites; newts; Notophthalmus viridescens; PCR primers; SSR; STR
ID GENE
AB We describe polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers and amplification conditions for seven microsatellite DNA loci isolated from the red-spotted newt (Notophthalmus viridescens). Primers were tested on 16 individuals from two populations on the Savannah River Site in Aiken County, South Carolina. We detected six to 10 alleles per locus and an overall observed heterozygosity range of 0.31-0.81. Despite low heterozygosity at two of the seven loci, the high polymorphic information contents (from 0.54 to 0.85) of these markers render them useful for future studies of the behavioural and population ecology of this common salamander.
C1 Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA.
Univ New Orleans, Dept Biol Sci, New Orleans, LA 70148 USA.
Univ S Carolina, Dept Biol Sci, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
RP Croshaw, DA (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Drawer E, Aiken, SC 29802 USA.
RI Glenn, Travis/A-2390-2008
NR 10
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 2
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1471-8278
J9 MOL ECOL NOTES
JI Mol. Ecol. Notes
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 3
IS 4
BP 514
EP 516
DI 10.1046/j.1471-8286.2003.00496.x
PG 3
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology;
Evolutionary Biology
GA 755KJ
UT WOS:000187401800010
ER
PT J
AU Tsyusko-Omeltchenko, OV
Schable, NA
Smith, MH
Glenn, TC
AF Tsyusko-Omeltchenko, OV
Schable, NA
Smith, MH
Glenn, TC
TI Microsatellite loci isolated from narrow-leaved cattail Typha
angustifolia
SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY NOTES
LA English
DT Article
DE dinucleotide repeats; microsatellite; PCR; primer; radiation; Typha
angustifolia; Typha latifolia; Ukraine
ID DNA
AB We present 11 dinucleotide microsatellite DNA loci isolated from the narrow-leaved cattail (Typha angustifolia) and describe conditions for their amplification. The PCR primers were tested on at least 20 individuals of Typha angustifolia and T. latifolia from two Ukrainian populations per species. The primers amplify loci with relatively high numbers of alleles (averaging 7.22 and 4.95 alleles per locus in T. angustifolia and T. latifolia, respectively), and polymorphic information content (averaging 0.61 and 0.46 in T. angustifolia and T. latifolia, respectively).
C1 Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Inst Ecol, Aiken, SC 29802 USA.
RP Tsyusko-Omeltchenko, OV (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Inst Ecol, PO Drawer E, Aiken, SC 29802 USA.
RI Glenn, Travis/A-2390-2008;
OI Tsyusko, Olga/0000-0001-8196-1062
NR 9
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 2
U2 14
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1471-8278
J9 MOL ECOL NOTES
JI Mol. Ecol. Notes
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 3
IS 4
BP 535
EP 538
DI 10.1046/j.1471-8286.2003.00502.x
PG 4
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology;
Evolutionary Biology
GA 755KJ
UT WOS:000187401800016
ER
PT J
AU Tomasulo-Seccomandi, AM
Schable, NA
Bryan, AL
Brisbin, IL
Del Lama, SN
Glenn, TC
AF Tomasulo-Seccomandi, AM
Schable, NA
Bryan, AL
Brisbin, IL
Del Lama, SN
Glenn, TC
TI Development of microsatellite DNA loci from the wood stork (Aves,
Ciconiidae, Mycteria americana)
SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY NOTES
LA English
DT Article
DE dinucleotide repeats; microsatellite; Mycteria americana; primer; SSR;
tetranucleotide repeats; trinucleotide repeats; wood stork
ID GENETIC-VARIABILITY; POPULATIONS
AB We isolated 11 polymorphic microsatellite loci for wood stork (Mycteria americana). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers and conditions are described for the amplification of five dinucleotide, one trinucleotide and five tetranucleotide microsatellite loci. The PCR primers were tested on two wood stork populations, Fazenda Ipiranga, Mato Grosso, Brazil (n = 11) and Tamiami West, Everglades, Florida, USA (n = 20). The primers yielded two to four alleles per locus, an observed heterozygosity of 0.0-0.727 and a polymorphic information content of 0.048-0.604. The low level of polymorphism for these markers is consistent with previous studies of this species.
C1 Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA.
Univ Fed Sao Carlos, Dept Genet & Evolucao, BR-13565905 Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil.
RP Bryan, AL (reprint author), Savannah River Ecol Lab, PO Drawer E, Aiken, SC 29802 USA.
RI Glenn, Travis/A-2390-2008
NR 10
TC 17
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 7
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1471-8278
J9 MOL ECOL NOTES
JI Mol. Ecol. Notes
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 3
IS 4
BP 563
EP 566
DI 10.1046/j.1471.8286.2003.00512.x
PG 4
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology;
Evolutionary Biology
GA 755KJ
UT WOS:000187401800025
ER
PT J
AU Fokidis, HB
Schable, NA
Hagen, C
Glenn, TC
Risch, TS
AF Fokidis, HB
Schable, NA
Hagen, C
Glenn, TC
Risch, TS
TI Characterization of microsatellite DNA loci for the southern flying
squirrel (Glaucomys volans)
SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY NOTES
LA English
DT Article
DE dinucleoticle repeats; Glaucomys volans; microsatellite; polymerase
chain reaction; primer; tetranucleotide repeats
AB Polymerase chain reaction primers for microsatellite DNA loci (one dinucleotide, four tetranucleotide and two compound) and the conditions necessary to amplify each are described for the southern flying squirrel (Glaucomys volans). These primers were tested on 22 or more individuals from a population at the Savannah River Site in South Carolina. These microsatellite primers yielded a high allelic diversity (6-22 alleles/locus), and moderate to high observed heterozygosities (0.318-0.826). Primers developed for the northern flying squirrel (Glaucomys sabrinus) were also tested for use on G. volans, with only two successful cross amplifications from the seven loci.
C1 Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA.
Arkansas State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, State Univ, AR 72467 USA.
RP Fokidis, HB (reprint author), Savannah River Ecol Lab, PO Drawer E, Aiken, SC 29802 USA.
RI Glenn, Travis/A-2390-2008; Fokidis, Bobby/I-8366-2015
OI Fokidis, Bobby/0000-0003-2386-4066
NR 8
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 3
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1471-8278
J9 MOL ECOL NOTES
JI Mol. Ecol. Notes
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 3
IS 4
BP 616
EP 618
DI 10.1046/j.1471.8286.2003.00530.x
PG 3
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology;
Evolutionary Biology
GA 755KJ
UT WOS:000187401800041
ER
PT J
AU Croshaw, DA
Glenn, TC
AF Croshaw, DA
Glenn, TC
TI Polymorphic tetranucleotide microsatellite DNA loci from the southern
dusky salamander (Desmognathus auriculatus)
SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY NOTES
LA English
DT Article
DE Desmognathus auriculatus; dusky salamanders; microsatellites; polymerase
chain reaction primers; short tandem repeat; simple sequence repeat
ID LIFE-HISTORY; PLETHODONTIDAE; PHYLOGENETICS; POPULATIONS; EVOLUTION;
CAUDATA
AB We describe polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers and amplification conditions for seven tetranucleotide microsatellite DNA loci isolated from the southern dusky salamander (Desmognathus auriculatus). Primers were tested on 16 individuals from one population in Aiken County, South Carolina. We detected an average of 6.57 alleles per locus, an observed heterozygosity range of 0.44-0.94, and high polymorphic information contents (mean of 0.68).
C1 Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA.
Univ New Orleans, Dept Biol Sci, New Orleans, LA 70184 USA.
Univ S Carolina, Dept Biol Sci, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
RP Croshaw, DA (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Drawer E, Aiken, SC 29802 USA.
RI Glenn, Travis/A-2390-2008
NR 13
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1471-8278
J9 MOL ECOL NOTES
JI Mol. Ecol. Notes
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 3
IS 4
BP 623
EP 625
DI 10.1046/j.1471-8286.2003.00533.x
PG 3
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology;
Evolutionary Biology
GA 755KJ
UT WOS:000187401800043
ER
PT J
AU Eberling, JL
Cunningham, J
Pivirotto, P
Bringas, J
Daadi, MM
Bankiewicz, KS
AF Eberling, JL
Cunningham, J
Pivirotto, P
Bringas, J
Daadi, MM
Bankiewicz, KS
TI In vivo PET imaging of gene expression in parkinsonian monkeys
SO MOLECULAR THERAPY
LA English
DT Letter
ID DELIVERY; DISEASE; VECTOR; MPTP
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Ctr Funct Imaging, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Davis, Dept Neurol, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
Avigen Inc, Alameda, CA 94502 USA.
Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.
RP Eberling, JL (reprint author), 1 Cyclotron Rd,Mail Stop 55-121, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
NR 7
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 0
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 1525-0016
J9 MOL THER
JI Mol. Ther.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 8
IS 6
BP 873
EP 875
DI 10.1016/j.ymthe.2003.09.013
PG 3
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Medicine,
Research & Experimental
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Research &
Experimental Medicine
GA 752QG
UT WOS:000187178200007
PM 14664788
ER
PT J
AU Rains, WO
Counce, RM
AF Rains, WO
Counce, RM
TI Liquidus curves of AgNO3(aq) calculated from the modified adsorption
isotherm model for aqueous electrolytes
SO MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE
LA English
DT Article
DE activity coefficients; aqueous electrolytes; Brunauer-Emmett-Teller
(BET); adsorption isotherm, eutectic
ID CONCENTRATED-SOLUTIONS; ACTIVITY-COEFFICIENTS; BET MODEL; WATER; SYSTEM;
SALT
AB The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) adsorption isotherm as modified by Robinson and Stokes is used to calculate the liquidus curve of AgNO3(aq) including the eutectic point and metastable phases. The simplified approach described here predicts the liquidus curves by using sparse data and readily available constants.
C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Nucl Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Rains, WO (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
NR 14
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG WIEN
PI VIENNA
PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 VIENNA, AUSTRIA
SN 0026-9247
J9 MONATSH CHEM
JI Mon. Chem.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 134
IS 12
BP 1541
EP 1544
DI 10.1007/s00706-003-0595-y
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 752DL
UT WOS:000187131700004
ER
PT J
AU Xu, HL
Svanberg, S
Cowan, RD
Lefebvre, PH
Quinet, P
Biemont, E
AF Xu, HL
Svanberg, S
Cowan, RD
Lefebvre, PH
Quinet, P
Biemont, E
TI Theoretical and experimental lifetime and oscillator strength
determination in singly ionized neodymium (Nd II)
SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE atomic data; atomic processes; stars : chemically peculiar
ID RADIATIVE LIFETIMES; TRANSITION-PROBABILITIES; ASTROPHYSICAL INTEREST;
LASER SPECTROSCOPY; BORDER REGIONS; AM DOMAIN; PR-II; YB-II; STARS;
ABUNDANCES
AB Radiative lifetime measurements were performed with time-resolved laser-induced fluorescence techniques for 24 levels of Nd II in the energy range 20 500- 32 500 cm(-1). For 17 levels, no previous experimental data exist. These results have allowed the testing of new theoretical calculations with the relativistic Hartree-Fock method taking configuration interactions and core-polarization effects into account, and a satisfying agreement has been found for this complex ion. A new set of calculated oscillator strengths, accurate within a few per cent for the strongest transitions, is presented for 107 lines of astrophysical interest appearing in the wavelength range 358.0-1100.0 nm. These results will be useful to evaluate abundance values of neodymium in chemically peculiar stars in relation with cosmochronology.
C1 Lund Inst Technol, Dept Phys, S-22100 Lund, Sweden.
Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA.
Univ Liege, IPNAS, B-4000 Liege, Belgium.
Univ Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium.
RP Xu, HL (reprint author), Lund Inst Technol, Dept Phys, POB 118, S-22100 Lund, Sweden.
EM E.Biemont@ulg.ac.be
RI Xu, Huailiang/A-6011-2008
NR 46
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 2
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0035-8711
EI 1365-2966
J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC
JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.
PD DEC 1
PY 2003
VL 346
IS 2
BP 433
EP 440
DI 10.1046/j.1365-2966.2003.07107.x
PG 8
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 745QE
UT WOS:000186698700014
ER
PT J
AU Linder, EV
Jenkins, A
AF Linder, EV
Jenkins, A
TI Cosmic structure growth and dark energy
SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE gravitation; methods : numerical; cosmological parameters
ID MICROWAVE-ANISOTROPY-PROBE; COSMOLOGICAL MODELS; HIERARCHICAL-MODELS;
CLUSTER ABUNDANCE; GALAXY FORMATION; POWER SPECTRUM; MASS FUNCTION;
MERGER RATES; SIMULATIONS; UNIVERSE
AB Dark energy has a dramatic effect on the dynamics of the Universe, causing the recently discovered acceleration of the expansion. The dynamics are also central to the behaviour of the growth of large-scale structure, offering the possibility that observations of structure formation provide a sensitive probe of the cosmology and dark energy characteristics. In particular, dark energy with a time-varying equation of state can have an influence on structure formation stretching back well into the matter-dominated epoch. We analyse this impact, first calculating the linear perturbation results, including those for weak gravitational lensing. These dynamical models possess definite observable differences from constant equation of state models. Then we present a large-scale numerical simulation of structure formation, including the largest volume to date involving a time-varying equation of state. We find the halo mass function is well described by the Jenkins et al. mass function formula. We also show how to interpret modifications of the Friedmann equation in terms of a time-variable equation of state. The results presented here provide steps toward realistic computation of the effect of dark energy in cosmological probes involving large-scale structure, such as cluster counts, the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect or weak gravitational lensing.
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Durham, Dept Phys, Inst Computat Cosmol, Durham DH1 3LE, England.
RP Linder, EV (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM EVLinder@lbl.gov; A.R.Jenkins@durham.ac.uk
OI Jenkins, Adrian/0000-0003-4389-2232
NR 52
TC 205
Z9 205
U1 0
U2 0
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0035-8711
EI 1365-2966
J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC
JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.
PD DEC 1
PY 2003
VL 346
IS 2
BP 573
EP 583
DI 10.1046/j.1365-2966.2003.07112.x
PG 11
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 745QE
UT WOS:000186698700026
ER
PT J
AU Sperber, KR
AF Sperber, KR
TI Propagation and the vertical structure of the Madden-Julian oscillation
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; TROPICAL WESTERN PACIFIC; OUTGOING LONGWAVE
RADIATION; INTRASEASONAL OSCILLATIONS; MOISTURE CONVERGENCE; HEAT
FLUXES; LIFE-CYCLE; TOGA COARE; WARM POOL; CONVECTION
AB The Madden-Julian oscillation (MJO) dominates tropical variability on time scales of 30-70 days. During the boreal winter-spring it is manifested as an eastward propagating disturbance, with a strong convective signature over the Eastern Hemisphere. The space-time structure of the MJO is described using the National Centers for Environmental Prediction-National Center for Atmospheric Research reanalysis, Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer outgoing longwave radiation, observed sea surface temperature, and the Climate Prediction Center Merged Analysis of Precipitation. Empirical orthogonal function analysis is used to identify the convective signature of the MJO, and regression is used to identify key relationships with the convection. Compared to analyzing successive years of data, the selection of years of strong MJO activity results in a more robust lead-lag structure and an increase in explained variance. The MJO exhibits a rich vertical structure, with low-level moisture convergence being well defined when the convective anomalies are strong, and there is evidence that free-tropospheric processes also play a role in the MJO life cycle. The westward vertical tilt is most apparent over the western Pacific. Over the Indian Ocean the system is more vertically stacked, principally because of the strong subsidence of the inactive phase of the MJO, which lies to the east of the convection. As the Kelvin wave decouples from the convection near the date line, a sea level low pressure surge, previously discussed by A. J. Matthews, transits the eastern Pacific and Atlantic Oceans. Here the link of the zonal wind stress and low-level divergence to the pressure surge is explored. The pressure gradient gives rise to westerlies that propagate rapidly to the east, and it may play role in the development of the MJO convection in the western Indian Ocean, which occurs in an easterly basic state, and conditions not consistent with the low-level moisture convergence paradigm.
C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Program Climate Model Diagn & Intercomparison, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Sperber, KR (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Program Climate Model Diagn & Intercomparison, POB 808,L-103, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RI Sperber, Kenneth/H-2333-2012
NR 56
TC 122
Z9 131
U1 1
U2 12
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 131
IS 12
BP 3018
EP 3037
DI 10.1175/1520-0493(2003)131<3018:PATVSO>2.0.CO;2
PG 20
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 749FG
UT WOS:000186908100008
ER
PT J
AU Hess, H
Matzke, CM
Doot, RK
Clemmens, J
Bachand, GD
Bunker, BC
Vogel, V
AF Hess, H
Matzke, CM
Doot, RK
Clemmens, J
Bachand, GD
Bunker, BC
Vogel, V
TI Molecular shuttles operating undercover: A new photolithographic
approach for the fabrication of structured surfaces supporting directed
motility
SO NANO LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID MICROTUBULE MOVEMENTS; MOTOR PROTEIN; KINESIN; TRACKS; DRIVEN;
PARAMETERS; DIAMETER; MOTION; NERVE
AB The integration of active transport into nanodevices greatly expands the scope of their applications. Molecular shuttles represent a nanoscale transport system driven by biomolecular motors that permits the transport of molecular cargo under user-control and along predefined paths. Specifically, we utilize functionalized microtubules as shuttles, which may be transported by kinesin motor proteins along photolithographically defined tracks on a surface. While it was thought that efficient guiding along these tracks requires a combination of surface chemistry and topography, we show here that channel-like tracks with a particular wall geometry can be created to efficiently guide microtubules in the absence of selectively adsorbed motor proteins. This new wall geometry consists of an undercut 200 nm high at the bottom of the channel wall fabricated by image reversal photolithography using AZ5214 photoresist. Microtubules move unencumbered in the undercut, suggesting applications for nanofluidic systems and for in vitro motility assays mimicking the restricted environment characteristic of intracellular transport. Because adsorbed kinesin supports motility on top and bottom surfaces of the guiding channels, this guiding mechanism may serve as a first step toward the development of three-dimensional architectures.
C1 Univ Washington, Dept Bioengn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Univ Washington, Dept Bioengn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM hhess@u.washington.edu
RI Hess, Henry/A-5224-2008; Vogel, Viola/O-8025-2015
OI Hess, Henry/0000-0002-5617-606X; Vogel, Viola/0000-0003-2898-7671
NR 25
TC 103
Z9 105
U1 0
U2 11
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1530-6984
EI 1530-6992
J9 NANO LETT
JI Nano Lett.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 3
IS 12
BP 1651
EP 1655
DI 10.1021/nl0347435
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA 753BF
UT WOS:000187211000007
ER
PT J
AU Beard, MC
Turner, GM
Murphy, JE
Micic, OI
Hanna, MC
Nozik, AJ
Schmuttenmaer, CA
AF Beard, MC
Turner, GM
Murphy, JE
Micic, OI
Hanna, MC
Nozik, AJ
Schmuttenmaer, CA
TI Electronic coupling in InP nanoparticle arrays
SO NANO LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID RESOLVED TERAHERTZ SPECTROSCOPY; QUANTUM DOTS; SEMICONDUCTOR
NANOCRYSTALS; PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY; LOCALIZATION; MONOLAYERS; RELAXATION;
SOLIDS; STATE; FILMS
AB Arrays and lattices formed from nanoparticles (NPs) present unique opportunities for new optoelectronic materials whose properties can be tuned by controlling the size of the individual NPs and their interparticle separation to effect strong inter-NP electronic coupling. Characterization of the interdot coupling as a function of interdot distance is essential. Using time-resolved THz spectroscopy, we report a six-fold increase in the transient photoconductivity in disordered arrays of 3.2 nm diameter InP NPs separated by 0.9 nm compared to arrays with 1.8 nm separation. Photoconductivity in the arrays is compared to that of isolated NPs and InP epilayers. The epilayer samples exhibit bulk transport behavior while the NP samples do not.
C1 Yale Univ, Dept Chem, New Haven, CT 06504 USA.
Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Ctr Basic Sci, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Nozik, AJ (reprint author), Yale Univ, Dept Chem, 225 Prospect St,POB 208107, New Haven, CT 06504 USA.
RI Nozik, Arthur/A-1481-2012; Nozik, Arthur/P-2641-2016;
OI BEARD, MATTHEW/0000-0002-2711-1355
NR 24
TC 74
Z9 75
U1 4
U2 23
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1530-6984
J9 NANO LETT
JI Nano Lett.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 3
IS 12
BP 1695
EP 1699
DI 10.1021/nl0346777
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA 753BF
UT WOS:000187211000015
ER
PT J
AU Bunker, BC
Kim, BI
Houston, JE
Rosario, R
Garcia, AA
Hayes, M
Gust, D
Picraux, ST
AF Bunker, BC
Kim, BI
Houston, JE
Rosario, R
Garcia, AA
Hayes, M
Gust, D
Picraux, ST
TI Direct observation of photo switching in tethered spiropyrans using the
interfacial force microscope
SO NANO LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID SURFACE
AB The interfacial force microscope has been used to establish the changes in the surface chemistry that accompany photoactivated opening and closing of rings in tethered spiropyran monolayers. Contact potential measurements show that ring opening via ultraviolet light creates a more polar surface, while exposure to visible light closes the rings and resets the surface. Normal force measurements show that open ring structures are protonated in electrolyte solutions, amplifying the switching of electrical double-layer forces.
C1 Arizona State Univ, Dept Chem & Mat Engn, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
Arizona State Univ, Dept Bioengn, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
Arizona State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
RP Picraux, ST (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Dept Chem & Mat Engn, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
NR 14
TC 49
Z9 50
U1 2
U2 20
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1530-6984
J9 NANO LETT
JI Nano Lett.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 3
IS 12
BP 1723
EP 1727
DI 10.1021/nl034759v
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA 753BF
UT WOS:000187211000020
ER
PT J
AU Kannan, B
Castelino, K
Majumdar, A
AF Kannan, B
Castelino, K
Majumdar, A
TI Design of nanostructured heterojunction polymer photovoltaic devices
SO NANO LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID INTERFACE; ACCEPTOR; CELLS
AB Solar cells made from blends of conjugated polymers and nanostructured inorganic materials are an important class of organic photovoltaic devices. However, there has been no systematic theoretical analysis of their operation and performance. In this paper, we develop a theoretical model to analyze the performance of two classes of heterojunction solar cells composed of ordered nanostructures. Based on the simulations, we conclude that in order to obtain reasonable efficiencies, the size and spacing of the nanostructures must be on the order of the exciton diffusion length scale. Possible quantum and other confinement effects are qualitatively discussed.
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Majumdar, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
NR 12
TC 127
Z9 128
U1 3
U2 21
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1530-6984
J9 NANO LETT
JI Nano Lett.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 3
IS 12
BP 1729
EP 1733
DI 10.1021/nl034810v
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA 753BF
UT WOS:000187211000021
ER
PT J
AU Yang, XJ
Guillorn, MA
Austin, D
Melechko, AV
Cui, HT
Meyer, HM
Merkulov, VI
Caughman, JBO
Lowndes, DH
Simpson, ML
AF Yang, XJ
Guillorn, MA
Austin, D
Melechko, AV
Cui, HT
Meyer, HM
Merkulov, VI
Caughman, JBO
Lowndes, DH
Simpson, ML
TI Fabrication and characterization of carbon nanofiber-based vertically
integrated Schottky barrier junction diodes
SO NANO LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID LARGE-SCALE SYNTHESIS; NANOTUBES; GROWTH; NANOSTRUCTURES; CELLS
AB We report on the fabrication and electrical characterization of active nanoscale electronic devices using single vertically aligned carbon nanofibers (VACNFs). A rectifying behavior consistent with a 0.3 eV Schottky barrier was found. Experimental results indicate that a region of semiconducting SIC Is formed directly beneath the VACNF during the growth process, creating the Schottky-barrier junction between this semiconductor material and the metallic carbon nanofibers.
C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mol Scale Engn & Nanoscale Technol Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
Univ Tennessee, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Nanostruct & Thin Film Mat Phys Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Fus Energy, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Simpson, ML (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mol Scale Engn & Nanoscale Technol Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RI Melechko, Anatoli/B-8820-2008; Simpson, Michael/A-8410-2011
OI Simpson, Michael/0000-0002-3933-3457
NR 19
TC 37
Z9 37
U1 2
U2 10
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1530-6984
J9 NANO LETT
JI Nano Lett.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 3
IS 12
BP 1751
EP 1755
DI 10.1021/nl0346631
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA 753BF
UT WOS:000187211000025
ER
PT J
AU Herrick, JA
AF Herrick, JA
TI Federal project financing incentives for green industries: Renewable
energy and beyond
SO NATURAL RESOURCES JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
AB The federal government, through the U.S. Department of Energy, has been promoting the development and emergence of viable domestic renewable energy and energy efficiency industries through numerous administrations. This Article discusses the types of legal instruments used by the federal government to provide incentives and assistance to aid in the development of green technologies that are targeted for potential commercialization in the future energy marketplace. The relative merits of those respective instruments and the need for Congress to set out green energy priorities in comprehensive energy policy legislation in the near future are discussed.
C1 US DOE, Golden, CO USA.
Univ Denver, Denver, CO 80208 USA.
RP Herrick, JA (reprint author), US DOE, Golden, CO USA.
NR 59
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 2
PU UNIV NEW MEXICO
PI ALBUQUERQUE
PA SCHOOL OF LAW 1117 STANFORD N E, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87131 USA
SN 0028-0739
J9 NAT RESOUR J
JI Nat. Resour. J.
PD WIN
PY 2003
VL 43
IS 1
BP 77
EP 109
PG 33
WC Environmental Studies; Law
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Government & Law
GA 704XX
UT WOS:000184367900003
ER
PT J
AU Zeytun, A
Jeromin, A
Scalettar, BA
Waldo, GS
Bradbury, ARM
AF Zeytun, A
Jeromin, A
Scalettar, BA
Waldo, GS
Bradbury, ARM
TI Fluorobodies combine GFP fluorescence with the binding characteristics
of antibodies (Retracted Article. See vol 22, pg 601, 2004)
SO NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Retracted Publication
ID SINGLE-CHAIN ANTIBODIES; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; PROTEIN SCAFFOLD;
FLOW-CYTOMETRY; PHAGE; EXPRESSION; LIBRARIES; DISPLAY; LIGANDS; SURFACE
AB The difficulty of deriving binding ligands to targets identified by genomic sequencing has led to a bottleneck in genomic research. By inserting diverse antibody binding loops into four of the exposed loops at one end of green fluorescent protein (GFP), we have mimicked the natural antibody binding footprint to create robust binding ligands that combine the advantages of antibodies (high affinity and specificity) with those of GFP (intrinsic fluorescence, high stability, expression and solubility). These `fluorobodies' have been used effectively in enzyme- linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, arrays and gel shift assays, and show affinities as high as antibodies. Furthermore, the intrinsic fluorescence of fluorobodies correlates with binding activity, allowing the rapid determination of functionality, concentration and affinity. These properties render them especially suitable for the high- throughput genomic scale selections required in proteomics, as well as in diagnostics, target validation and drug development.
C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Baylor Coll Med, Div Neurosci, Houston, TX 77030 USA.
Lewis & Clark Coll, Dept Phys, Portland, OR 97219 USA.
RP Bradbury, ARM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, HRL-1 TA-43 MS M888, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM waldo@telomere.lanl.gov; amb@lanl.gov
FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR01315]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM061539]
NR 41
TC 26
Z9 26
U1 1
U2 10
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 1087-0156
J9 NAT BIOTECHNOL
JI Nat. Biotechnol.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 21
IS 12
BP 1473
EP 1479
DI 10.1038/nbt911
PG 7
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
GA 748CT
UT WOS:000186845200025
PM 14608366
ER
PT J
AU Raty, JY
Galli, G
AF Raty, JY
Galli, G
TI Ultradispersity of diamond at the nanoscale
SO NATURE MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; CARBON CLUSTERS; THIN-FILMS; GRAPHITIZATION;
GRAPHITE; SURFACES; KINETICS; NANODIAMONDS; DEPOSITION
AB Nanometre-sized diamond has been found in meteorites(1), protoplanetary nebulae(2) and interstellar dusts(3), as well as in residues of detonation(4) and in diamond films(5,6). Remarkably, the size distribution of diamond nanoparticles seems to be peaked around 2-5 nm, and to be largely independent of preparation conditions. We have carried out ab initio calculations of the stability of nanodiamond as a function of surface hydrogen coverage and of size. We have found that at about 3 nm, and for a broad range of pressures and temperatures, particles with bare, reconstructed surfaces become thermodynamically more stable than those with hydrogenated surfaces, thus preventing the formation of larger grains. Our findings provide an explanation of the size distribution of extraterrestrial and of terrestrial nanodiamond found in ultradispersed and ultracrystalline diamond films. They also provide an atomistic structural model of these films, based on the topology and structure of 2-3-nm dimond clusters consisting of a diamond core surrounded by a fullerene-like carbon network(7).
C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
Univ Liege, B-4000 Sart Tilman Par Liege, Belgium.
RP Raty, JY (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
NR 31
TC 126
Z9 126
U1 3
U2 41
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1476-1122
J9 NAT MATER
JI Nat. Mater.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 2
IS 12
BP 792
EP 795
DI 10.1038/nmat1018
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics,
Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics
GA 748CC
UT WOS:000186843800014
PM 14634641
ER
PT J
AU Salleo, A
Taylor, ST
Martin, MC
Panero, WR
Jeanloz, R
Sands, T
Genin, FY
AF Salleo, A
Taylor, ST
Martin, MC
Panero, WR
Jeanloz, R
Sands, T
Genin, FY
TI Laser-driven formation of a high-pressure phase in amorphous silica
SO NATURE MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID FUSED-SILICA; STISHOVITE; SIO2; SPECTROSCOPY; QUARTZ
AB Because of its simple composition, vast availability in pure form and ease of processing, vitreous silica is often used as a model to study the physics of amorphous solids. Research in amorphous silica is also motivated by its ubiquity in modern technology, a prominent example being as bulk material in transmissive and diffractive optics for high-power laser applications such as inertial confinement fusion (ICF)(1,2). In these applications, stability under high-fluence laser irradiation is a key requirement(3), with optical breakdown occurring when the fluence of the beam is higher than the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the material(3). The optical strength of polished fused silica transmissive optics is limited by their surface LIDT3. Surface optical breakdown is accompanied by densification(4), formation of point defects(5), cratering, material ejection, melting and cracking(3). Through a combination of electron diffraction and infrared reflectance measurements we show here that synthetic vitreous silica transforms partially into a defective form of the high-pressure stishovite phase under high-intensity (GW cm(-2)) laser irradiation. This phase transformation offers one suitable mechanism by which laser-induced damage grows catastrophically once initiated, thereby dramatically shortening the service lifetime of optics used for high-power photonics.
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Natl Ctr Electron Microscopy, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Salleo, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RI Panero, Wendy/C-9602-2009; Sands, Timothy/D-2133-2009
OI Sands, Timothy/0000-0001-9718-6515
NR 30
TC 58
Z9 59
U1 4
U2 38
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1476-1122
J9 NAT MATER
JI Nat. Mater.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 2
IS 12
BP 796
EP 800
DI 10.1038/nmat1013
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics,
Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics
GA 748CC
UT WOS:000186843800015
PM 14595406
ER
PT J
AU Tian, ZRR
Voigt, JA
Liu, J
McKenzie, B
McDermott, MJ
Rodriguez, MA
Konishi, H
Xu, HF
AF Tian, ZRR
Voigt, JA
Liu, J
McKenzie, B
McDermott, MJ
Rodriguez, MA
Konishi, H
Xu, HF
TI Complex and oriented ZnO nanostructures
SO NATURE MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID ZINC-OXIDE NANOWIRES; ALIGNED CARBON NANOTUBES; LOW-TEMPERATURE GROWTH;
AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; ELECTROPHORETIC DEPOSITION; LARGE ARRAYS; THIN-FILM;
NANORODS; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; ORIENTATION
AB Extended and oriented nanostructures are desirable for many applications, but direct fabrication of complex nanostructures with controlled crystalline morphology, orientation and surface architectures remains a significant challenge. Here we report a low-temperature, environmentally benign, solution-based approach for the preparation of complex and oriented ZnO nanostructures, and the systematic modification of their crystal morphology. Using controlled seeded growth and citrate anions that selectively adsorb on ZnO basal planes as the structure-directing agent, we prepared large arrays of oriented ZnO nanorods with controlled aspect ratios, complex film morphologies made of oriented nanocolumns and nanoplates (remarkably similar to biomineral structures in red abalone shells) and complex bilayers showing in situ column-to-rod morphological transitions. The advantages of some of these ZnO structures for photocatalytic decompositions of volatile organic compounds were demonstrated. The novel ZnO nanostructures are expected to have great potential for sensing, catalysis, optical emission, piezoelectric transduction, and actuations.
C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Mat & Proc Sci Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
Univ New Mexico, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
RP Liu, J (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Mat & Proc Sci Ctr, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RI Tian, Z. Ryan /R-6671-2016
OI Tian, Z. Ryan /0000-0002-5644-8483
NR 46
TC 1074
Z9 1095
U1 49
U2 674
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1476-1122
J9 NAT MATER
JI Nat. Mater.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 2
IS 12
BP 821
EP 826
DI 10.1038/nmat1014
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics,
Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics
GA 748CC
UT WOS:000186843800020
PM 14634640
ER
PT J
AU Zhai, HJ
Kiran, B
Li, J
Wang, LS
AF Zhai, HJ
Kiran, B
Li, J
Wang, LS
TI Hydrocarbon analogues of boron clusters - planarity aromaticity and
antiaromaticity
SO NATURE MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID COLLISION-INDUCED DISSOCIATION; AB-INITIO; 3-DIMENSIONAL AROMATICITY;
BARE BORON; IONS; STABILITY; B-13(+); CHEMISTRY; BORANES; ENERGY
AB An interesting feature of elemental boron and boron compounds is the occurrence of highly symmetric icosahedral clusters. The rich chemistry of boron is also dominated by three-dimensional cage structures. Despite its proximity to carbon in the periodic table, elemental boron clusters have been scarcely studied experimentally and their structures and chemical bonding have not been fully elucidated. Here we report experimental and theoretical evidence that small boron clusters prefer planar structures and exhibit aromaticity and antiaromaticity according to the Huckel rules, akin to planar hydrocarbons. Aromatic boron clusters possess more circular shapes whereas antiaromatic boron clusters are elongated, analogous to structural distortions of antiaromatic hydrocarbons. The planar boron clusters are thus the only series of molecules other than the hydrocarbons to exhibit size-dependent aromatic and antiaromatic behaviour and represent a new dimension of boron chemistry. The stable aromatic boron clusters may exhibit similar chemistries to that of benzene, such as forming sandwich-type metal compounds.
C1 Washington State Univ, Dept Phys, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
Pacific NW Natl Lab, WR Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Wang, LS (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Phys, 2710 Univ Dr, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RI Li, Jun/E-5334-2011
OI Li, Jun/0000-0002-8456-3980
NR 48
TC 316
Z9 318
U1 4
U2 76
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1476-1122
J9 NAT MATER
JI Nat. Mater.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 2
IS 12
BP 827
EP 833
DI 10.1038/nmat1012
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics,
Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics
GA 748CC
UT WOS:000186843800021
PM 14608377
ER
PT J
AU Khosla, C
Keasling, JD
AF Khosla, C
Keasling, JD
TI Timeline - Metabolic engineering for drug discovery and development
SO NATURE REVIEWS DRUG DISCOVERY
LA English
DT Article
ID COMPLETE GENOME SEQUENCE; YEAST CANDIDA-UTILIS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI;
MOLECULAR-CLONING; FUNCTIONAL EXPRESSION; POLYKETIDE SYNTHASE; TAXOL
BIOSYNTHESIS; PHYTOENE SYNTHASE; NATURAL-PRODUCTS;
SACCHAROPOLYSPORA-ERYTHRAEA
C1 Stanford Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
Stanford Univ, Dept Chem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
Stanford Univ, Dept Biochem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Synth Biol Dept, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Khosla, C (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
RI Keasling, Jay/J-9162-2012
OI Keasling, Jay/0000-0003-4170-6088
NR 83
TC 126
Z9 133
U1 10
U2 37
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1474-1776
J9 NAT REV DRUG DISCOV
JI Nat. Rev. Drug Discov.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 2
IS 12
BP 1019
EP 1025
DI 10.1038/nrd1256
PG 7
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA 748ZN
UT WOS:000186893200019
PM 14654799
ER
PT J
AU Ambegaokar, SS
Wu, L
Alamshahi, K
Lau, J
Jazayeri, L
Chan, S
Khanna, P
Hsieh, E
Timiras, PS
AF Ambegaokar, SS
Wu, L
Alamshahi, K
Lau, J
Jazayeri, L
Chan, S
Khanna, P
Hsieh, E
Timiras, PS
TI Curcumin inhibits dose-dependently and time-dependently neuroglial cell
proliferation and growth
SO NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE curcumin; curcuminoids; neuroglia; proliferation; dosage; astrocytes;
oligodendrocytes
ID ANTIOXIDANT; DAMAGE; AP-1
AB OBJECTIVES: Curcumin (CUR), the active chemical of the Asian spice turmeric, has strong anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. CUR inhibits proliferation and growth of several cell types, e.g. cancer cells. While CUR inhibitory effects on microglial cells are demonstrated, little is known of its effects on neuroglia, astrocytes (AST) and oligodendrocytes (OLG). Our work focuses on CUR's effects on neuroglial proliferation and growth in vitro, utilizing C-6 rat glioma 2B-clone cells, a mixed colony of both neuroglial cells, in 6 day trials.
METHODS: The doses studied included 4, 5, 10, 15, and 20 microM - concentrations slightly smaller than those shown to stimulate protein expression in ASTs. Automated particle counter was used to determine proliferation, and marker enzyme assays were used to determine AST and OLG activity.
RESULTS: CUR inhibited neuroglial proliferation, with the degree of inhibition correlated directly with the CUR concentration. Proliferative inhibition was observed after a concentration as low as 5 microM by day 6, while inhibition of 20 microM doses occurred by day 2 of culture. Proliferative inhibition is associated with morphological changes, e.g. cell elongation and neurite prolongation, and increased activity of a marker enzyme corresponding to differentiation of OLG and with a reduced activity of the marker enzyme for AST
CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggests CUR acts continuously over a period of time, with low doses being as effective as higher doses given a longer period of treatment. It has been suggested that. CUR's anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant actions may be useful in the prevention-treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, e.g. Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Diseases. Given neuroglial involvement in these diseases, and CUR's observed actions on neuroglia, the data presented here may provide further explanations of CUR's preventative-therapeutic role in these diseases.
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Timiras, PS (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, 16 Barker Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM timiras@uclink4.berkeley.edu
FU NIA NIH HHS [AG 19145]
NR 17
TC 28
Z9 31
U1 0
U2 3
PU MAGHIRA & MAAS PUBLICATIONS
PI STOCKHOLM
PA PO BOX 26132, S-100 41 STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN
SN 0172-780X
J9 NEUROENDOCRINOL LETT
JI Neuroendocrinol. Lett.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 24
IS 6
BP 469
EP 473
PG 5
WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Neurosciences
SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 761CK
UT WOS:000187882100019
PM 15073579
ER
PT J
AU Grossman, R
Shohami, E
Alexandrovich, A
Yatsiv, I
Kloog, Y
Biegon, A
AF Grossman, R
Shohami, E
Alexandrovich, A
Yatsiv, I
Kloog, Y
Biegon, A
TI Increase in peripheral benzodiazepine receptors and loss of glutamate
NMDA receptors in a mouse model of closed head injury: a quantitative
autoradiographic study
SO NEUROIMAGE
LA English
DT Article
ID TRAUMATIC BRAIN-INJURY; TRANS-FARNESYLTHIOSALICYLIC ACID; RAT-BRAIN;
BINDING-SITES; ACTIVATED MICROGLIA; IN-VIVO; NITRIC-OXIDE;
TRANSHEMISPHERIC DIASCHISIS; CULTURED ASTROCYTES; INCREASED DENSITIES
AB Increases in peripheral type benzodiazepine receptors (PTBR) have been utilized for the detection of neuroinflammation and neurotoxicity in the brain. We have investigated the relationship between PTBR and NMDA receptor binding density in mice with closed head injury (CHI) using quantitative autoradiography. CHI was induced by a weight drop in nine mice, four of which received a single injection of the rat sarcoma (Ras) inhibitor famesyl thiosalicylate (FTS) 1 h after the insult. Sham controls received anesthesia but no contusion. The neurological status of the mice was evaluated at 1 h, and hence up to 7 days using a neurological severity score (NSS). Animals were killed 7 days after CHI and consecutive brain sections were incubated with [H-3]PK11195, a PTBR antagonist, or [H-3]MK801, an n-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) use-dependent antagonist. CHI produced large (two- to threefold), widespread increases in PK11195 binding in the traumatized hemisphere and a significant decrease (20%-40%) in NMDAR binding limited to regions at close proximity to the lesion. Histologically, these regions were characterized by glial proliferation and neuronal loss. Significant increases in PTBR binding, but no concomitant decrease in NMDAR, were identified in several regions remote from the lesion, including the contralateral ventrolateral striatum and the ipsilateral ventral thalamus. Drug treatment significantly improved the neurological deficits but had only a marginal effect on PTBR. These results support a complex role for glial activation and PTBR increases in the context of CHI. (C) 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Funct Imaging, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Sch Pharm, Dept Pharmacol, IL-91120 Jerusalem, Israel.
Hadassah Med Ctr, IL-91120 Jerusalem, Israel.
Tel Aviv Univ, Dept Neurobiochem, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel.
RP Biegon, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Funct Imaging, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
NR 59
TC 26
Z9 27
U1 1
U2 6
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 1053-8119
J9 NEUROIMAGE
JI Neuroimage
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 20
IS 4
BP 1971
EP 1981
DI 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2003.06.003
PG 11
WC Neurosciences; Neuroimaging; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical
Imaging
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
GA 756CM
UT WOS:000187448300008
PM 14683703
ER
PT J
AU Schiffer, WK
Logan, J
Dewey, SL
AF Schiffer, WK
Logan, J
Dewey, SL
TI Positron emission tomography studies of potential mechanisms underlying
phencyclidine-induced alterations in striatal dopamine
SO NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE positron emission tomography ( PET); schizophrenia; GABA; phencyclidine;
NMDA antagonist; dopamine; vigabatrin
ID C-11 RACLOPRIDE BINDING; IN-VIVO MICRODIALYSIS; NUCLEUS-ACCUMBENS;
COCAINE BINDING; KINETIC-ANALYSIS; BABOON BRAIN; RAT-BRAIN; PET;
RELEASE; GABA
AB Positron emission tomography (PET), in combination with C-11-raclopride, was used to examine the effects of phencyclidine (PCP) on dopamine (DA) in the primate striatum. In addition, we explored the hypotheses that GABAergic pathways as well as molecular targets beyond the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor complex (ie dopamine transporter proteins, DAT) contribute to PCP's effects. In the first series of experiments, C-11-raclopride was administered at baseline and 30 min following intravenous PCP administration. In the second series of studies, gamma-vinyl GABA (GVG) was used to assess whether enhanced GABAergic tone altered NMDA antagonistinduced changes in DA. Animals received an initial PET scan followed by pretreatment with GVG ( 300 mg/kg), then PCP 30 min prior to a second scan. Finally, we explored the possible contributions of DAT blockade to PCP-induced increases in DA. By examining C-11-cocaine binding a paradigm in which PCP was coadministered with the radiotracer, we assessed the direct competition between these two compounds for the DAT. At 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 mg/kg, PCP decreased C-11-raclopride binding by 2.1, 14.9 +/- 2.2 and 8.18 +/- 1.1%, respectively. These effects were completely attenuated by GVG (3.38 +/- 3.1% decrease in C-11-raclopride binding). Finally, PCP (0.5 mg/ kg) decreased C-11-cocaine binding by 25.5 +/- 4.3%, while at 1.0 mg/ kg this decrease was 13.5%, consistent with a competitive interaction at the DAT. These results suggest that PCP may be exerting some direct effects through the DAT and that GABA partially modulates NMDA-antagonist-induced increases in striatal DA.
C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Neurobiol & Behav, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
RP Schiffer, WK (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Bldg 555, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
OI Logan, Jean/0000-0002-6993-9994
NR 46
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 1
U2 1
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 0893-133X
J9 NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOL
JI Neuropsychopharmacology
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 28
IS 12
BP 2192
EP 2198
DI 10.1038/sj.npp.1300258
PG 7
WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry
GA 748ZD
UT WOS:000186892200014
PM 12888780
ER
PT J
AU Runyan, MC
Ade, PAR
Bock, JJ
Bond, JR
Cantalupo, C
Contaldi, CR
Daub, MD
Goldstein, JH
Gomez, PL
Holzapfel, WL
Kuo, CL
Lange, AE
Lueker, M
Newcomb, M
Peterson, JB
Pogosyan, D
Romer, AK
Ruhl, J
Torbet, E
Woolsey, D
AF Runyan, MC
Ade, PAR
Bock, JJ
Bond, JR
Cantalupo, C
Contaldi, CR
Daub, MD
Goldstein, JH
Gomez, PL
Holzapfel, WL
Kuo, CL
Lange, AE
Lueker, M
Newcomb, M
Peterson, JB
Pogosyan, D
Romer, AK
Ruhl, J
Torbet, E
Woolsey, D
TI First results from the arcminute cosmology bolometer array receiver
SO NEW ASTRONOMY REVIEWS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation and its
Polarization
CY MAR 19-22, 2003
CL MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA
DE cosmic microwave background - instrumentation; observations
ID PROBE WMAP OBSERVATIONS; ANGULAR POWER SPECTRUM; MICROWAVE BACKGROUND
ANISOTROPY; PARAMETERS; SIMULATIONS
AB We review the first science results from the Arcminute Cosmology Bolometer Array Receiver (ACBAR); a multi-frequency millimeter-wave receiver optimized for observations of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) and the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effect in clusters of galaxies. ACBAR was installed on the 2 m Viper telescope at the South Pole in January 2001 and the results presented here incorporate data through July 2002. We present the power spectrum of the CMB at 150 GHz over the range l = 150-3000 measured by ACBAR as well as estimates for the values of the cosmological parameters within the context of ACDM models. We find that the inclusion of Omega(Lambda) greatly improves the fit to the power spectrum. We also observe a slight excess of small-scale anisotropy at 150 GHz; if interpreted as power from the SZ effect of unresolved clusters, the measured signal is consistent with CBI and BIMA within the context of the SZ power spectrum models tested. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 CALTECH, Dept Phys Math & Astron, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
Univ Wales Coll Cardiff, Dept Phys & Astron, Cardiff CF24 3YB, S Glam, Wales.
CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
Univ Toronto, Canadian Inst Theoret Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Phys, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA.
Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RI Peterson, Jeffrey/O-4794-2014; Holzapfel, William/I-4836-2015
OI Peterson, Jeffrey/0000-0003-1340-818X;
NR 24
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1387-6473
J9 NEW ASTRON REV
JI New Astron. Rev.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 47
IS 11-12
BP 915
EP 923
DI 10.1016/j.newar.2003.09.001
PG 9
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 758TG
UT WOS:000187665800007
ER
PT J
AU Schwan, D
Bertoldi, F
Cho, S
Dobbs, M
Guesten, R
Halverson, NW
Holzapfel, WL
Kreysa, E
Lanting, TM
Lee, AT
Lueker, M
Mehl, J
Menten, K
Muders, D
Myers, M
Plagge, T
Raccanelli, A
Schilke, P
Richards, PL
Spieler, H
White, M
AF Schwan, D
Bertoldi, F
Cho, S
Dobbs, M
Guesten, R
Halverson, NW
Holzapfel, WL
Kreysa, E
Lanting, TM
Lee, AT
Lueker, M
Mehl, J
Menten, K
Muders, D
Myers, M
Plagge, T
Raccanelli, A
Schilke, P
Richards, PL
Spieler, H
White, M
TI APEX-SZ: a Sunyaev-Zel'dovich galaxy cluster survey
SO NEW ASTRONOMY REVIEWS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation and its
Polarization
CY MAR 19-22, 2003
CL MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA
DE galaxy clusters; cosmic microwave background; Sunyaev-Zel'dovich
experiment; bolometer arrays
ID 225-GHZ ATMOSPHERIC OPACITY; ELECTROTHERMAL FEEDBACK; BOLOMETER
AB The APEX-SZ experiment is a sky survey designed to discover galaxy clusters via the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect at millimeter wavelengths. We describe the components of the instrument, including the 12 m Atacama Pathfinder Experiment telescope, optics, Transition-edge sensor bolometer array and SQUID readout. APEX-SZ will begin observations in 2004. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Phys Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Schwan, D (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RI Holzapfel, William/I-4836-2015; White, Martin/I-3880-2015
OI White, Martin/0000-0001-9912-5070
NR 11
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1387-6473
J9 NEW ASTRON REV
JI New Astron. Rev.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 47
IS 11-12
BP 933
EP 937
DI 10.1016/j.newar.2003.09.008
PG 5
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 758TG
UT WOS:000187665800009
ER
PT J
AU Montroy, T
Ade, PAR
Balbi, A
Bock, JJ
Bond, JR
Borrill, J
Boscaleri, A
Cabella, P
Contaldi, CR
Crill, BP
de Bernardis, P
De Gasperis, G
de Oliveira-Costa, A
De Troia, G
di Stefano, G
Ganga, K
Hivon, E
Hristov, VV
Iacoangeli, A
Jaffe, AH
Kisner, TS
Jones, WC
Lange, AE
Masi, S
Mauskopf, PD
MacTavish, C
Melchiorri, A
Nati, F
Natoli, P
Netterfield, CB
Pascale, E
Piacentini, F
Pogosyan, D
Polenta, G
Prunet, S
Ricciardi, S
Romeo, G
Ruhl, JE
Torbet, E
Tegmark, M
Vittorio, N
AF Montroy, T
Ade, PAR
Balbi, A
Bock, JJ
Bond, JR
Borrill, J
Boscaleri, A
Cabella, P
Contaldi, CR
Crill, BP
de Bernardis, P
De Gasperis, G
de Oliveira-Costa, A
De Troia, G
di Stefano, G
Ganga, K
Hivon, E
Hristov, VV
Iacoangeli, A
Jaffe, AH
Kisner, TS
Jones, WC
Lange, AE
Masi, S
Mauskopf, PD
MacTavish, C
Melchiorri, A
Nati, F
Natoli, P
Netterfield, CB
Pascale, E
Piacentini, F
Pogosyan, D
Polenta, G
Prunet, S
Ricciardi, S
Romeo, G
Ruhl, JE
Torbet, E
Tegmark, M
Vittorio, N
TI Measuring CMB polarization with BOOMERANG
SO NEW ASTRONOMY REVIEWS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation and its
Polarization
CY MAR 19-22, 2003
CL MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA
ID ANISOTROPY
AB BOOMERANG is a balloon-borne telescope designed for long duration (LDB) flights around Antarctica. The second LDB flight of BOOMERANG took place in January 2003. The primary goal of this flight was to measure the polarization of the CMB. The receiver uses polarization sensitive bolometers at 145 GHz. Polarizing grids provide polarization sensitivity at 245 and 345 GHz. We describe the BOOMERANG telescope noting changes made for 2003 LDB flight, and discuss some of the issues involved in the measurement of polarization with bolometers. Lastly, we report on the 2003 flight and provide an estimate of the expected results. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Phys, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA.
Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy.
Cardiff Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Cardiff CF24 3YB, S Glam, Wales.
Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
Univ Toronto, Canadian Inst Theoret Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada.
LBNL, Natl Energy Res Sci Comp Ctr, Berkeley, CA USA.
CNR, IFAC, I-50127 Florence, Italy.
CSU Dominguez Hills, Carson, CA USA.
CALTECH, IPAC, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
Inst Astrophys, F-75014 Paris, France.
Ist Nazl Geofis, I-00161 Rome, Italy.
Univ Penn, Dept Phys, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Astrophys Grp, London SW7 2AZ, England.
Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00173 Rome, Italy.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr Particle Astrophys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Montroy, T (reprint author), Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Phys, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA.
RI Jaffe, Andrew/D-3526-2009; de Gasperis, Giancarlo/C-8534-2012; Nati,
Federico/I-4469-2016; Piacentini, Francesco/E-7234-2010;
OI Hivon, Eric/0000-0003-1880-2733; Ricciardi, Sara/0000-0002-3807-4043; de
Gasperis, Giancarlo/0000-0003-2899-2171; Melchiorri,
Alessandro/0000-0001-5326-6003; Nati, Federico/0000-0002-8307-5088;
Piacentini, Francesco/0000-0002-5444-9327; Masi,
Silvia/0000-0001-5105-1439; de Bernardis, Paolo/0000-0001-6547-6446;
ROMEO, Giovanni/0000-0002-5535-7803; Polenta,
Gianluca/0000-0003-4067-9196
NR 10
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1387-6473
J9 NEW ASTRON REV
JI New Astron. Rev.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 47
IS 11-12
BP 1057
EP 1065
DI 10.1016/j.newar.2003.09.011
PG 9
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 758TG
UT WOS:000187665800023
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, BR
Abroe, ME
Ade, P
Bock, J
Borrill, J
Collins, JS
Ferreira, P
Hanany, S
Jaffe, AH
Jones, T
Lee, AT
Levinson, L
Matsumura, T
Rabii, B
Renbarger, T
Richards, PL
Smoot, GF
Stompor, R
Tran, HT
Winant, CD
AF Johnson, BR
Abroe, ME
Ade, P
Bock, J
Borrill, J
Collins, JS
Ferreira, P
Hanany, S
Jaffe, AH
Jones, T
Lee, AT
Levinson, L
Matsumura, T
Rabii, B
Renbarger, T
Richards, PL
Smoot, GF
Stompor, R
Tran, HT
Winant, CD
TI MAXIPOL: a balloon-borne experiment for measuring the polarization
anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background radiation
SO NEW ASTRONOMY REVIEWS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation and its
Polarization
CY MAR 19-22, 2003
CL MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA
ID MAXIMA-1
AB We discuss MAXIPOL, a bolometric balloon-borne experiment designed to measure the E-mode polarization anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background radiation (CMB) on angular scales of 10' to 2degrees. MAXIPOL is the first CMB experiment to collect data with a polarimeter that utilizes a rotating half-wave plate and fixed wire-grid polarizer. We present the instrument design, elaborate on the polarimeter strategy and show the instrument performance during flight with some time domain data. Our primary dataset was collected during a 26 h turnaround flight that was launched from the National Scientific Ballooning Facility in Ft. Sumner, New Mexico in May 2003. During this flight five regions of the sky were mapped. Data analysis is in progress. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
Univ Wales Coll Cardiff, Dept Phys & Astron, Cardiff CF1 3NS, S Glam, Wales.
Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Computat Res Div, Berkeley, CA USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Oxford, Oxford OX1 2JD, England.
Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, Astrophys Grp, London SW7 2AZ, England.
Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Phys, Berkeley, CA USA.
Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Particle Phys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel.
RP Johnson, BR (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
RI Jaffe, Andrew/D-3526-2009
NR 12
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1387-6473
J9 NEW ASTRON REV
JI New Astron. Rev.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 47
IS 11-12
BP 1067
EP 1075
DI 10.1016/j.newar.2003.09.034
PG 9
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 758TG
UT WOS:000187665800024
ER
PT J
AU Baccigalupi, C
AF Baccigalupi, C
TI Cosmic microwave background polarisation: foreground contrast and
component separation
SO NEW ASTRONOMY REVIEWS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation and its
Polarization
CY MAR 19-22, 2003
CL MINNEAPOLIS, MN
ID GALACTIC SYNCHROTRON; EMISSION; FASTICA; SPECTRA; DUST
AB wWe evaluate the expected level of foreground contamination to the cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarised radiation, focusing on the diffuse emission from our own Galaxy. In particular, we perform a first attempt to simulate an all sky template of polarised emission from thermal dust. This study indicates that the foreground contamination to CMB B-modes is likely to be relevant on all frequencies, and even at high Galactic latitudes.
We review the recent developments in the design of data analysis techniques dedicated to the separation of CMB and foreground emissions in multi-frequency observations, exploiting their statistical independence. We argue that the high quality and detail of the present CMB observations represent an almost ideal statistical dataset where these algorithms can operate with excellent performance. We explicitly show that the recovery of CMB B-modes is possible even if they are well below the foreground level, working at the arcminute resolution at an almost null computational cost. This capability well represents the great potentiality of these new data analysis techniques, which should be seriously taken into account for implementation in present and future CMB observations. (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 SISSA, ISAS, I-34014 Trieste, Italy.
LBNL, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Baccigalupi, C (reprint author), SISSA, ISAS, Via Beirut 4, I-34014 Trieste, Italy.
EM bacci@sissa.it
NR 24
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1387-6473
J9 NEW ASTRON REV
JI New Astron. Rev.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 47
IS 11-12
BP 1127
EP 1134
DI 10.1016/j.newar.2003.09.038
PG 8
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 758TG
UT WOS:000187665800032
ER
PT J
AU George, K
Norby, RJ
Hamilton, JG
DeLucia, EH
AF George, K
Norby, RJ
Hamilton, JG
DeLucia, EH
TI Fine-root respiration in a loblolly pine and sweetgum forest growing in
elevated CO2
SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST
LA English
DT Article
DE annual fine-root respiration; maintenance respiration; growth
respiration; nitrogen uptake respiration; temperate forest; free-air CO2
enrichment (FACE); loblolly pine (Pinus taeda); sweetgum (Liquidambar
styeaciflua)
ID RELATIVE GROWTH-RATE; CARBON-DIOXIDE ENRICHMENT; NET PRIMARY PRODUCTION;
TAEDA L SEEDLINGS; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; MAINTENANCE RESPIRATION; SOIL CO2;
CONSTRUCTION COST; PONDEROSA PINE; ION UPTAKE
AB The loss of carbon below-ground through respiration of fine roots may be modified by global change. Here we tested the hypothesis that a reduction in N concentration of tree fine-roots grown in an elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration would reduce maintenance respiration and that more energy would be used for root growth and N uptake. We partitioned total fine-root respiration (R-T) between maintenance (R-M), growth (R-G), and N uptake respiration (R-N) for loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) and sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua) forests exposed to elevated CO2.
A substantial increase in fine-root production contributed to a 151% increase in R-G for loblolly pine in elevated CO2. Root specific R-M for pine was 24% lower under elevated CO2 but when extrapolated to the entire forest, no treatment effect could be detected.
R-G (< 10%) and R-N (< 3%) were small components of R-M in both forests. Maintenance respiration was the vast majority of R-T, and contributed 92% and 86% of these totals at the pine and sweetgum forests, respectively.
The hypothesis was rejected because the majority of fine-root respiration was used for maintenance and was not reduced by changes in root N concentration in elevated CO2. Because of its large contribution to R-T and total soil CO2 efflux, changes in R-M caused by warming may greatly alter carbon losses from forests to the atmosphere.
C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, Urbana, IL 61802 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
Ithaca Coll, Dept Biol, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA.
RP George, K (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Sci, Peavy Hall 154, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
RI Norby, Richard/C-1773-2012
OI Norby, Richard/0000-0002-0238-9828
NR 85
TC 46
Z9 61
U1 4
U2 19
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0028-646X
J9 NEW PHYTOL
JI New Phytol.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 160
IS 3
BP 511
EP 522
DI 10.1046/j.1469-8137.2003.00911.x
PG 12
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 743FN
UT WOS:000186561900009
ER
PT J
AU Wu, SC
Niu, H
AF Wu, SC
Niu, H
TI Nuclear data sheets for A=180
SO NUCLEAR DATA SHEETS
LA English
DT Review
ID NEUTRON-DEFICIENT ISOTOPES; ACTIVATION CROSS-SECTIONS; REDUCED
TRANSITION-PROBABILITIES; GROUND-STATE TRANSITIONS; QUADRUPOLE-MOMENT
RATIOS; YRAST-YRARE INTERACTION; GAMMA-RAY SPECTROSCOPY; GIANT DIPOLE
RESONANCE; ATOMIC MASS EVALUATION; RICH HAFNIUM NUCLEI
AB Evaluated spectroscopic data for all nuclei with mass number A=180 and corresponding level schemes from radioactive decay and reaction studies are presented. This evaluation contains new data on Ta-180 from (p, ngamma) and (d,2ngamma) work; data on Ta-180, W-180, Ir-180 and Hg-180 from heavy-ion gamma-ray measurements, and band structures; and data on Os-180 and Os-180 from epsilon-decays. The present evaluation supersedes the earlier one by E. Browne (1994Br17), published in Nuclear Data Sheets 71, 81 (1994).
C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Natl Tsing Hua Univ, Nucl Sci & Technol Dev Ctr, Hsinchu 30043, Taiwan.
RP Wu, SC (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
NR 459
TC 45
Z9 45
U1 1
U2 6
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0090-3752
EI 1095-9904
J9 NUCL DATA SHEETS
JI Nucl. Data Sheets
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 100
IS 4
BP 483
EP +
AR PII S0090-3752(03)00106-6
DI 10.1006/ndsh.2003.0018
PG 222
WC Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA 757WR
UT WOS:000187584900001
ER
PT J
AU Fujita, T
Akasaka, H
Akino, N
Anno, K
Arai, M
Arai, T
Asakura, N
Ashikawa, N
Azumi, M
Bak, PE
Bakhtiari, M
Bruskin, LG
Chankin, A
Cheng, CZ
Chiba, S
Ebisawa, N
Fujii, T
Fujita, T
Fukuda, T
Funaba, H
Funahashi, A
Furukawa, H
Furukawa, M
Gao, X
Gorelenkov, NN
Gotoh, Y
Grisham, L
Haga, S
Hamamatsu, K
Hamano, T
Hatae, T
Hatayama, A
Hayashi, N
Hayashi, T
Higashijima, S
Hikida, N
Hill, KW
Hiranai, S
Hiratsuka, H
Hirohata, Y
Hobirk, J
Honda, A
Honda, M
Hoshi, Y
Hosogane, N
Hosoyama, H
Ichige, H
Ide, S
Idomura, Y
Igarashi, K
Ikeda, K
Ikeda, Y
Inagaki, S
Inoue, A
Isaka, M
Isayama, A
Ishida, S
Ishii, K
Ishii, Y
Ishikawa, M
Itami, K
Itoh, S
Iwahashi, T
Iwasaki, K
Kachtchouk, I
Kajiwara, K
Kajiyama, E
Kamada, Y
Kamata, D
Kaminaga, A
Kashiwabara, T
Katayama, K
Kawai, M
Kawamata, Y
Kawano, Y
Kazawa, M
Kikuchi, H
Kikuchi, K
Kikuchi, M
Kishimoto, Y
Kitamura, S
Kitsunezaki, A
Kizu, K
Kobayashi, S
Kodama, H
Kodama, K
Koide, Y
Kokusen, S
Kondoh, T
Konoshima, S
Krasilnikov, AV
Kubo, H
Kudoh, Y
Kurita, G
Kuriyama, M
Kurumada, A
Kusama, Y
Kusanagi, N
Lao, LL
Lee, S
Lei, G
Li, J
Li, W
Manickam, J
Masaki, K
Masui, H
Matsuda, T
Matsukawa, M
Matsumoto, T
Matsunaga, Y
Matsuyama, M
Mitarai, O
Miura, Y
Miura, Y
Miya, N
Miyata, K
Miyazawa, J
Miyo, Y
Mogaki, K
Morimoto, Y
Morioka, A
Moriyama, S
Nagasaki, K
Nagaya, S
Naito, O
Nakamura, Y
Nakano, T
Nakatsuka, M
Narushima, Y
Nazikian, R
Neudatchin, SV
Ninomiya, H
Nishikawa, M
Nishino, N
Nishitani, T
Nishiyama, T
Noda, M
Noda, N
Noto, K
Ohga, T
Ohshima, K
Oikawa, A
Oikawa, T
Okabayashi, M
Okano, J
Okano, K
Okuno, K
Omori, S
Omori, Y
Oohara, H
Oshima, T
Oya, Y
Oyama, N
Ozeki, T
Rewoldt, G
Sakakibara, S
Sakamoto, Y
Sakasai, A
Sakata, S
Sakuma, T
Sakurai, S
Sasajima, T
Sasaki, N
Sato, F
Sato, M
Sawada, K
Seimiya, M
Seki, H
Seki, M
Shibata, Y
Shimada, K
Shimizu, K
Shimizu, M
Shimono, M
Shinohara, K
Shinozaki, S
Shirai, H
Shiraiwa, S
Shitomi, M
Sueoka, M
Sugawara, A
Sugie, T
Sugiyama, K
Sunaoshi, H
Suzuki, M
Suzuki, M
Suzuki, T
Suzuki, Y
Takahashi, M
Takano, S
Takase, Y
Takechi, M
Takei, N
Takeji, S
Takenaga, H
Taki, Y
Takizuka, T
Tamai, H
Tanabe, T
Tanai, Y
Tanaka, S
Taniguchi, T
Terakado, M
Terakado, T
Tobita, K
Toi, K
Tokuda, S
Totsuka, T
Toyokawa, R
Tsuchiya, K
Tsugita, T
Tsukahara, Y
Tuda, T
Uehara, K
Uehara, T
Uesugi, Y
Umeda, N
Urano, H
Urata, K
Ushigusa, K
Usui, K
Wakatani, M
Wang, S
Whiteford, AD
Wurden, GA
Yagyu, J
Yamada, H
Yamamoto, T
Yamashita, Y
Yamazaki, H
Yamazaki, K
Yang, Y
Yokokura, K
Yonekawa, I
Yoshida, H
AF Fujita, T
Akasaka, H
Akino, N
Anno, K
Arai, M
Arai, T
Asakura, N
Ashikawa, N
Azumi, M
Bak, PE
Bakhtiari, M
Bruskin, LG
Chankin, A
Cheng, CZ
Chiba, S
Ebisawa, N
Fujii, T
Fujita, T
Fukuda, T
Funaba, H
Funahashi, A
Furukawa, H
Furukawa, M
Gao, X
Gorelenkov, NN
Gotoh, Y
Grisham, L
Haga, S
Hamamatsu, K
Hamano, T
Hatae, T
Hatayama, A
Hayashi, N
Hayashi, T
Higashijima, S
Hikida, N
Hill, KW
Hiranai, S
Hiratsuka, H
Hirohata, Y
Hobirk, J
Honda, A
Honda, M
Hoshi, Y
Hosogane, N
Hosoyama, H
Ichige, H
Ide, S
Idomura, Y
Igarashi, K
Ikeda, K
Ikeda, Y
Inagaki, S
Inoue, A
Isaka, M
Isayama, A
Ishida, S
Ishii, K
Ishii, Y
Ishikawa, M
Itami, K
Itoh, S
Iwahashi, T
Iwasaki, K
Kachtchouk, I
Kajiwara, K
Kajiyama, E
Kamada, Y
Kamata, D
Kaminaga, A
Kashiwabara, T
Katayama, K
Kawai, M
Kawamata, Y
Kawano, Y
Kazawa, M
Kikuchi, H
Kikuchi, K
Kikuchi, M
Kishimoto, Y
Kitamura, S
Kitsunezaki, A
Kizu, K
Kobayashi, S
Kodama, H
Kodama, K
Koide, Y
Kokusen, S
Kondoh, T
Konoshima, S
Krasilnikov, AV
Kubo, H
Kudoh, Y
Kurita, G
Kuriyama, M
Kurumada, A
Kusama, Y
Kusanagi, N
Lao, LL
Lee, S
Lei, G
Li, J
Li, W
Manickam, J
Masaki, K
Masui, H
Matsuda, T
Matsukawa, M
Matsumoto, T
Matsunaga, Y
Matsuyama, M
Mitarai, O
Miura, Y
Miura, Y
Miya, N
Miyata, K
Miyazawa, J
Miyo, Y
Mogaki, K
Morimoto, Y
Morioka, A
Moriyama, S
Nagasaki, K
Nagaya, S
Naito, O
Nakamura, Y
Nakano, T
Nakatsuka, M
Narushima, Y
Nazikian, R
Neudatchin, SV
Ninomiya, H
Nishikawa, M
Nishino, N
Nishitani, T
Nishiyama, T
Noda, M
Noda, N
Noto, K
Ohga, T
Ohshima, K
Oikawa, A
Oikawa, T
Okabayashi, M
Okano, J
Okano, K
Okuno, K
Omori, S
Omori, Y
Oohara, H
Oshima, T
Oya, Y
Oyama, N
Ozeki, T
Rewoldt, G
Sakakibara, S
Sakamoto, Y
Sakasai, A
Sakata, S
Sakuma, T
Sakurai, S
Sasajima, T
Sasaki, N
Sato, F
Sato, M
Sawada, K
Seimiya, M
Seki, H
Seki, M
Shibata, Y
Shimada, K
Shimizu, K
Shimizu, M
Shimono, M
Shinohara, K
Shinozaki, S
Shirai, H
Shiraiwa, S
Shitomi, M
Sueoka, M
Sugawara, A
Sugie, T
Sugiyama, K
Sunaoshi, H
Suzuki, M
Suzuki, M
Suzuki, T
Suzuki, Y
Takahashi, M
Takano, S
Takase, Y
Takechi, M
Takei, N
Takeji, S
Takenaga, H
Taki, Y
Takizuka, T
Tamai, H
Tanabe, T
Tanai, Y
Tanaka, S
Taniguchi, T
Terakado, M
Terakado, T
Tobita, K
Toi, K
Tokuda, S
Totsuka, T
Toyokawa, R
Tsuchiya, K
Tsugita, T
Tsukahara, Y
Tuda, T
Uehara, K
Uehara, T
Uesugi, Y
Umeda, N
Urano, H
Urata, K
Ushigusa, K
Usui, K
Wakatani, M
Wang, S
Whiteford, AD
Wurden, GA
Yagyu, J
Yamada, H
Yamamoto, T
Yamashita, Y
Yamazaki, H
Yamazaki, K
Yang, Y
Yokokura, K
Yonekawa, I
Yoshida, H
CA JT-60 Team
TI Overview of JT-60U results leading to high integrated performance in
reactor-relevant regimes
SO NUCLEAR FUSION
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Fusion Energy Conference (FEC-2002)
CY OCT, 2002
CL LYON, FRANCE
ID INTERNAL TRANSPORT BARRIER; REVERSED MAGNETIC SHEAR; DIII-D TOKAMAK;
NONINDUCTIVE CURRENT DRIVE; DEUTERIUM-TRITIUM PLASMAS; BEAM INJECTION
SYSTEM; H-MODE DISCHARGES; ASDEX UPGRADE; ADVANCED SCENARIOS;
CONFINEMENT
AB Recent JT-60U results leading to high integrated performance are reported with emphasis on the projection to the reactor-relevant regime. Negative-ion-based neutral beam (NB) and electron cyclotron (EC power increased up to 6.2 MW and 3 MW, respectively. A high beta(p) H-mode plasma with full non-inductive current drive has been obtained at 1.8 MA, and the fusion triple product reached 3.1 x 10(20) m(-3) keV s. A high beta with beta(N) = 2.7 was maintained for 7.4 s. Neoclassical tearing mode suppression with EC was accomplished using a real-time feedback control system, and improvement in beta(N) was obtained. The stable existence of a current hole was observed. A high DT-equivalent fusion gain of 0.8 was maintained for 0.55 s in a plasma with a current hole. Current profile control in high bootstrap current reversed shear plasmas was demonstrated using N-NB and LH. A new operation scenario has been established in which a plasma with a high bootstrap current fraction and internal transport barriers (ITBs) is produced without the use of an OH coil. An ECCD study was undertaken in a reactor-relevant high T-e regime. A new type of Alfven eigenmode mode has been proposed and has been found to explain the observed frequency chirp quite well. High confinement reversed shear plasmas with T-e > T-i were obtained. Ar exhaust with EC heating was obtained in a high beta(p) mode plasma. Impurity accumulation related to strong ITBs in a reversed shear plasma and degradation of ITB by ECH in a weak positive shear plasma have been found. Dedicated measurement of edge localized mode dynamics and scrape-off-layer plasma flow have advanced understanding of the physics. N-NB heating in an Ar-seed plasma extended the density region to 95% of the Greenwald density, with HHy2 = 0.9. Enhancement of pedestal pressure was obtained with an increase in beta(p) in a high triangularity configuration.
C1 Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Naka Fus Res Estab, Naka, Ibaraki 31101, Japan.
Natl Inst Fus Sci, Toki, Japan.
Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
Keio Univ, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223, Japan.
Hokkaido Univ, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.
IPP, Garching, Germany.
Univ Tsukuba, JAERI, Cooperat Doctoral Program, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan.
Kyushu Univ, AFRC, Kasuga, Fukuoka 816, Japan.
TRINITI, Troitsk, Russia.
Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA USA.
Shinshu Univ, Nagano, Japan.
Kyushu Univ, Fukuoka 812, Japan.
Kyoto Univ, Kyoto, Japan.
Univ Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan.
Ibaraki Univ, Hitachi, Ibaraki, Japan.
SW Inst Phys, Chengdu, Peoples R China.
Toyama Univ, Toyama 930, Japan.
Kyushu Tokai Univ, Kumamoto, Japan.
Osaka Univ, ILE, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Kurchatov Inst, Moscow, Russia.
Hiroshima Univ, Higashihiroshima 724, Japan.
Cent Res Inst Elect Power Ind, Komae, Tokyo, Japan.
Univ Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Nagoya Univ, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.
Chinese Acad Sci, Hefei, Peoples R China.
Univ Strathclyde, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland.
Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA.
RP Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Naka Fus Res Estab, Naka, Ibaraki 31101, Japan.
EM fujitat@fusion.naka.jaeri.go.jp
RI Sakakibara, Satoru/E-7542-2013; Cheng, Chio/K-1005-2014; Uesugi,
Yoshihiko/C-3311-2015; Nishino, Nobuhiro/D-6390-2011; Kikuchi,
Mitsuru/O-1036-2015; U-ID, Kyushu/C-5291-2016; Kyushu, RIAM/F-4018-2015;
Wurden, Glen/A-1921-2017; Wang, Shaojie/A-2675-2017
OI Sakakibara, Satoru/0000-0002-3306-0531; Uesugi,
Yoshihiko/0000-0001-6039-6842; Kikuchi, Mitsuru/0000-0002-5485-8737;
Wurden, Glen/0000-0003-2991-1484; Wang, Shaojie/0000-0002-2786-519X
NR 75
TC 26
Z9 26
U1 0
U2 10
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0029-5515
EI 1741-4326
J9 NUCL FUSION
JI Nucl. Fusion
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 43
IS 12
BP 1527
EP 1539
AR PII S0029-5515(03)71917-6
DI 10.1088/0029-5515/43/12/001
PG 13
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA 760MT
UT WOS:000187838300002
ER
PT J
AU Pamela, J
Solano, ER
Adams, JM
Agarici, G
Agarici, M
Akhter, H
Albanese, R
Alberti, S
Allfrey, S
Alper, B
Alves, D
Amarante, J
Amerongen, FV
Andrew, P
Andrew, Y
Ane, JM
Angioni, C
Antonucci, C
Ambrosino, G
Apruzzese, G
Ariola, M
Artaserse, G
Artaud, JF
Ascasibar, E
Asp, E
Axton, M
Baciero, A
Badarelli, M
Baity, W
Balbin, R
Balme, S
Barana, O
Baranov, Y
Barbato, E
Barnsley, R
Basiuk, V
Bateman, G
Baumel, S
Bayetti, P
Baylor, L
Beaumont, B
Beaumont, P
Becoulet, A
Becoulet, M
Bekris, M
Beldishevski, M
Bell, AC
Bennet, P
Berger-By, G
Berk, HL
Bernabei, S
Bertalot, L
Bertrand, B
Beurskens, M
Beurskens, M
Bibet, P
Bickley, A
Bigi, M
Bilato, R
Blackman, T
Blanchard, P
Blum, J
Bolzonella, T
Bondeson, A
Bongers, W
Bonheure, G
Bonnin, X
Borass, K
Borba, D
Bosak, K
Bosia, P
Boyer, H
Bracco, G
Braithwaite, GC
Breizman, BN
Bremond, S
Brennan, PD
Bresslau, J
Brezinsek, S
Brichero, B
Briscoe, F
Brix, M
Brolatti, G
Brown, DPD
Bruggeman, A
Bruschi, A
Bryan, S
Brzozowski, J
Bucalossi, J
Buceti, G
Buckley, MA
Budd, T
Budny, R
Buratti, P
Butcher, P
Buttery, RJ
Calabro, G
Nichols, CJC
Callen, J
Campbell, D
Campling, DC
Cannas, B
Capel, AJ
Card, PJ
Carlstrom, T
Castaldo, C
Causey, R
Cecil, FE
Cesario, R
Challis, C
Chan, V
Chappuis, P
Charlet, M
Charreau, JM
Cheron, C
Child, D
Chitarin, G
Ciattaglia, S
Cirant, S
Ciric, D
Clarke, R
Coad, JP
Coates, P
Coccorese, V
Cocilovo, V
Coda, S
Coelho, R
Coffey, I
Coletti, A
Collins, S
Conboy, J
Conroy, S
Conway, G
Cooper, SR
Cordey, G
Corre, Y
Corrigan, G
Cortes, S
Coster, D
Counsell, GF
Cox, M
Cox, SJ
Cramp, S
Crescenzi, C
Crisanti, F
Cristescu, I
Cristescu, IR
Crowley, B
Cruz, N
Cupido, L
Cusack, R
Belo, PDA
Dailey, S
Daly, E
Damiani, C
Darrow, D
Darrow, D
David, O
Davies, N
Day, C
De Angelis, R
de Baar, M
De Barbieri, O
De Benedetti, M
De Grassie, J
De la Luna, E
De Vries, P
Degli Agostini, F
Dentan, M
Dimits, A
Dines, A
Dobbing, JA
Doceul, L
Doncel, J
Donne, A
Donne, T
Dorland, W
Dorling, SE
Doyle, P
Drozdov, V
Dumbrajs, O
Dumortier, P
Durocher, A
Durodie, F
Duval, B
Dux, R
Edlington, T
Edwards, AM
Edwards, DC
Edwards, DT
Edwards, P
Eich, T
Ekedahl, A
Elbeze, D
Ellingboe, AR
Ellis, R
Elsmore, CG
Elzendoorn, BSQ
Erents, SK
Ericsson, G
Eriksson, L
Esposito, B
Esser, HG
Estrada, T
Evrard, M
Ewart, C
Fanthome, J
Farthing, JW
Fasel, D
Fasoli, A
Felton, R
Fenstermacher, M
Fenzi, C
Fernandes, H
Fernandez, A
Ferreira, J
Fessey, JA
Figueiredo, A
Finburg, P
Fink, J
Finken, KH
Fiorentin, P
Fischer, U
Fleming, C
Forrest, R
Fourment, C
Franel, B
Franzen, P
Fredian, T
Fricconneeu, JP
Frigione, D
Fu, G
Fuchs, JC
Fullard, K
Fundamenski, W
Gabriel, F
Gaffert, J
Galutschek, E
Gans, T
Garbet, X
Cortes, IG
Garzotti, L
Gauthier, E
Gedney, J
Geier, A
Gentile, C
Gerasimov, S
Geraud, A
Ghendrih, P
Giannella, R
Gill, RD
Gimblett, C
Giovannozzi, E
Giroud, C
Goff, J
Gohil, P
Gondhalekar, A
Goniche, M
Goodyear, A
Gorelenkov, N
Gorini, G
Goulding, R
Gowers, CW
Graham, ME
Grando, L
Granucci, G
Graswinckel, M
Green, N
Greenfield, C
Greenough, N
Greenwald, M
Gregoratto, D
Griph, FS
Grisolia, C
Grosman, A
Grosso, G
Gruenhagen, S
Gude, A
Guenter, S
Guenther, K
Guerin, C
Gugla, M
Guigon, A
Guirlet, R
Gunn, J
Haas, G
Hackett, L
Hacquin, S
Hahm, TS
Haist, B
Cook, SH
Hamilton, D
Hammett, G
Handley, R
Harling, JDW
Harrison, J
Hartmann, D
Haupt, T
Hawkes, NC
Hay, J
Hayward, I
Hedin, J
Heesterman, P
Heikkinen, J
Heinemann, B
Helander, P
Hellingman, P
Hellsten, T
Hemming, ON
Hemsworth, R
Hender, TC
Henderson, M
Hennequin, P
Henshaw, A
Herrmann, A
Hidalgo, C
Hill, J
Hillis, D
Hitchin, M
Hoang, T
Hobirk, J
Hoekzema, F
Hoekzema, JA
Hofmann, E
Hogan, C
Hogben, C
Hogeweij, D
Homfray, D
Horton, A
Horton, LD
Hosea, J
Hoskins, AJ
Hotchin, S
Hough, MR
Houlberg, W
How, J
Howell, D
Hron, M
Hubbard, A
Huber, A
Hudson, Z
Hume, H
Humphries, D
Hurd, F
Hutchinson, I
Hutter, T
Huygen, S
Huysmans, G
Imbeaux, F
Ingesson, C
Innocente, P
Jachmich, S
Jackson, G
Jardin, S
Jarmen, A
Jarvis, ON
Jaspers, R
Jaun, A
Jenkins, I
Jensen, HS
Joffrin, E
Johnson, MF
Johnson, R
Jones, EM
Jones, G
Jones, HD
Jones, T
Jonsson, T
Jupen, C
Kallenbach, A
Kallne, J
Karttunen, S
Kasparek, W
Kaye, A
Keeling, D
Kelliher, D
Kemp, N
King, RF
Kinsey, J
Kiptily, V
Kirov, K
Kirschner, A
Kiviniemi, T
Knight, P
Knipe, S
Koch, R
Kooijman, W
Korotkov, A
Koslowski, HR
Kramer, G
Kraus, W
Kritz, A
Kruijt, OG
Kurki-Suonio, T
La Haye, RJ
Labombard, B
Laesser, R
Lam, N
Lamalle, P
Land, G
Lang, P
Lao, L
Last, J
Laux, M
Laviron, C
Lawson, KD
Laxaback, M
Lazzaro, E
Leggate, H
Lehnen, M
Leigheb, M
Lennholm, M
Leonard, A
Lescure, C
Leuterer, F
Likin, K
Litaudon, X
Lingier, K
Linke, J
Lipshultz, B
Lister, J
Litaudon, X
Liu, Y
Lloyd, G
Loarer, T
Loarte, A
Loesser, D
Lomas, PJ
Long, F
Lonnroth, J
Lorenz, A
Lotte, P
Louche, F
Loughlin, M
Loving, A
Luce, T
Lucock, RMA
Lyssoivan, A
Maagdenberg, J
Maas, A
MacGregor, J
Macheta, P
Maddaluno, G
Maddison, GP
Maget, P
Magne, R
Mahdavi, A
Mailloux, J
Maisonnier, D
Manickam, J
Mank, G
Manso, ME
Mantica, P
Mantsinen, M
Maraschek, M
Marcuzzi, D
Marinucci, M
Marmillod, P
Martin, D
Martin, M
Martin, Y
Mast, KF
Mattei, M
Matthews, GF
Mayer, M
Mayoral, ML
Mazon, D
Mazzone, G
Mazzucato, E
McCarron, E
McClements, K
McCormick, K
McCullen, PA
McCune, D
McDonald, D
Mead, M
Medina, F
Meigs, A
Melissen, W
Meneses, L
Meo, F
Mertens, P
Mertens, V
Messiaen, A
Milani, F
Miller, A
Mills, S
Milner, J
Mlynar, J
Monakhov, I
Monier-Garbet, P
Monk, R
Monney, R
Moreau, D
Moreau, P
Morgan, PD
Morris, AW
Morris, J
Mort, JL
Mossessian, D
Muck, A
Mueller, G
Murakami, M
Murari, A
Murdock, D
Na, YS
Nabais, F
Nave, MFF
Nazikian, R
Negus, C
Neil, GF
Neilson, JD
Nelson, B
Neu, R
Nevins, W
Newbert, GJ
Nguyen, F
Nichols, K
Nicolai, A
Nicolas, L
Nielsen, P
Nightingale, M
Nordman, H
Noterdaeme, JM
Nowak, S
O'Mullane, M
Ongena, J
Onjun, T
Orchard, J
Orsitto, F
Osborne, T
Palmer, J
Pamela, J
Panaccione, L
Parail, V
Parkin, A
Parsons, B
Pascualotto, R
Patel, B
Pavlenko, I
Peacock, AT
Pearce, R
Pecquet, AL
Luna, AP
Peeters, A
Penzhorn, RD
Alonso, MP
Pereverzev, G
Perevezentsev, A
von Thun, CP
Pericoli, V
Peruzzo, S
Petravich, G
Petrizilka, V
Petrov, Y
Petty, C
Phillips, V
Piccolo, F
Pick, M
Pinches, SD
Pinna, T
Piosczyk, B
Pironti, A
Pitcher, CS
Pitts, R
Plysnin, V
Pochelon, A
Podda, S
Polinari, P
Pomaro, N
Popovichev, S
Portafaix, C
Porter, G
Pospieszczyk, A
Preece, G
Prentice, R
Prins, R
Proschek, M
Pugno, R
Puiatti, ME
Purahoo, K
Rachlew, E
Rainford, M
Raisback, D
Rantamaki, K
Rapp, J
Rasmussen, D
Reiser, D
Reiter, D
Rewoldt, G
Ribeiro, TM
Riccardo, V
Righi, E
Rimini, FG
Riva, M
Robinson, DS
Robinson, SA
Robson, DW
Roccella, M
Rodrigo, LR
Rogero, G
Rogister, A
Roguemore, T
Rolfe, A
Ronden, D
Rosanvallon, S
Ross, D
Rubel, M
Ryter, F
Saarelma, S
Sabathier, F
Sabot, R
Saibene, G
Salavy, JF
Sall, I
Sanchez, J
Sanders, S
Sanders, SG
Sands, D
Sarazin, Y
Sartori, F
Sartori, R
Sattin, F
Sauter, O
Sborchia, C
Scaffidi-Argentina, F
Scarabosio, A
Schilling, G
Schissel, D
Schlosser, J
Schmidt, G
Schmidt, W
Schuller, C
Schweer, B
Schweinzer, J
Segui, JL
Semeraro, L
Sergienko, G
Serra, F
Sharapov, SE
Shaw, SR
Siegrist, M
Silva, CA
Simpson, D
Sipila, S
Sips, ACC
Sjostrand, H
Skinner, C
Smith, PG
Snipes, J
Solano, ER
Sonato, P
Sousa, J
Sozzi, C
Spence, J
Speth, E
Staebler, A
Allen, RS
Stagg, R
Stakenborg, J
Stamp, MF
Stangeby, P
Starkey, D
Stauton-Lambert, SA
Stephen, A
Sterk, A
Sterk, AB
Stevens, A
Stillerman, J
Stober, J
Stokes, R
Stork, D
Strachan, J
Stratton, B
Stratton, K
Stubberfield, P
Summers, HP
Surrey, E
Sutton, D
Suttrop, W
Svenson, J
Symonds, I
Tabares, F
Tait, J
Tala, T
Talarico, C
Talbot, AR
Taliercio, C
Tam, U
Tame, C
Tardini, G
Tardocchi, M
Tartoni, N
Tavernier, J
Telesca, G
Terrington, AO
Testa, D
Testoni, P
Theis, JM
Thomas, J
Thomas, P
Thomsen, H
Thomsen, K
Thumm, M
Thyagaraja, C
Tichler, J
Tigwell, P
Tiscornia, T
Todd, JM
Tokar, MZ
De Tommasi, G
Tran, QM
Travere, JM
Tresset, G
Tribaldos, V
Tsitrone, E
Tuccillo, AA
Tudisco, O
Turker, E
Turner, MM
Udintsev, V
Unterberg, B
Valetta, MP
Valisa, M
Valovic, M
Van Amerongen, F
Van de Poll, M
Van der Grift, T
Van Eester, D
Van Gorkorm, J
Varela, P
Vender, D
Veres, G
Verhoeven, A
Villard, L
Villedieu, E
Villone, F
Vince, JE
Von Hellermann, M
Vulliez, K
Wade, M
Wagner, D
Walden, A
Walker, M
Walton, B
Watkins, ML
Watson, MJ
Weiland, J
Weisen, H
Werner, A
Wesner, F
West, P
Westerhof, E
Weyssow, B
Wheatley, MR
Whitehead, A
Whitehurst, A
Whyte, D
Wicks, SJ
Widdershoven, L
Wienhold, P
Wilson, A
Wilson, C
Wilson, D
Wilson, DJ
Wilson, DW
Wilson, R
Wischmeier, M
Wolf, R
Wouters, P
Yorkshades, JS
Young, C
Young, D
Young, ID
Young, K
Zabeo, L
Zacek, F
Zakharov, L
Zanca, P
Zastrow, KD
Zeidner, W
Zerbini, M
Zohm, H
Zoletnik, S
Zonca, F
Zwingman, W
AF Pamela, J
Solano, ER
Adams, JM
Agarici, G
Agarici, M
Akhter, H
Albanese, R
Alberti, S
Allfrey, S
Alper, B
Alves, D
Amarante, J
Amerongen, FV
Andrew, P
Andrew, Y
Ane, JM
Angioni, C
Antonucci, C
Ambrosino, G
Apruzzese, G
Ariola, M
Artaserse, G
Artaud, JF
Ascasibar, E
Asp, E
Axton, M
Baciero, A
Badarelli, M
Baity, W
Balbin, R
Balme, S
Barana, O
Baranov, Y
Barbato, E
Barnsley, R
Basiuk, V
Bateman, G
Baumel, S
Bayetti, P
Baylor, L
Beaumont, B
Beaumont, P
Becoulet, A
Becoulet, M
Bekris, M
Beldishevski, M
Bell, AC
Bennet, P
Berger-By, G
Berk, HL
Bernabei, S
Bertalot, L
Bertrand, B
Beurskens, M
Beurskens, M
Bibet, P
Bickley, A
Bigi, M
Bilato, R
Blackman, T
Blanchard, P
Blum, J
Bolzonella, T
Bondeson, A
Bongers, W
Bonheure, G
Bonnin, X
Borass, K
Borba, D
Bosak, K
Bosia, P
Boyer, H
Bracco, G
Braithwaite, GC
Breizman, BN
Bremond, S
Brennan, PD
Bresslau, J
Brezinsek, S
Brichero, B
Briscoe, F
Brix, M
Brolatti, G
Brown, DPD
Bruggeman, A
Bruschi, A
Bryan, S
Brzozowski, J
Bucalossi, J
Buceti, G
Buckley, MA
Budd, T
Budny, R
Buratti, P
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Buttery, RJ
Calabro, G
Nichols, CJC
Callen, J
Campbell, D
Campling, DC
Cannas, B
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Carlstrom, T
Castaldo, C
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Cecil, FE
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Cheron, C
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Ciric, D
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Cocilovo, V
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Cooper, SR
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de Baar, M
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De la Luna, E
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Fessey, JA
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Gill, RD
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Gorelenkov, N
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Goulding, R
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Hackett, L
Hacquin, S
Hahm, TS
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Hamilton, D
Hammett, G
Handley, R
Harling, JDW
Harrison, J
Hartmann, D
Haupt, T
Hawkes, NC
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Hayward, I
Hedin, J
Heesterman, P
Heikkinen, J
Heinemann, B
Helander, P
Hellingman, P
Hellsten, T
Hemming, ON
Hemsworth, R
Hender, TC
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Hennequin, P
Henshaw, A
Herrmann, A
Hidalgo, C
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Hillis, D
Hitchin, M
Hoang, T
Hobirk, J
Hoekzema, F
Hoekzema, JA
Hofmann, E
Hogan, C
Hogben, C
Hogeweij, D
Homfray, D
Horton, A
Horton, LD
Hosea, J
Hoskins, AJ
Hotchin, S
Hough, MR
Houlberg, W
How, J
Howell, D
Hron, M
Hubbard, A
Huber, A
Hudson, Z
Hume, H
Humphries, D
Hurd, F
Hutchinson, I
Hutter, T
Huygen, S
Huysmans, G
Imbeaux, F
Ingesson, C
Innocente, P
Jachmich, S
Jackson, G
Jardin, S
Jarmen, A
Jarvis, ON
Jaspers, R
Jaun, A
Jenkins, I
Jensen, HS
Joffrin, E
Johnson, MF
Johnson, R
Jones, EM
Jones, G
Jones, HD
Jones, T
Jonsson, T
Jupen, C
Kallenbach, A
Kallne, J
Karttunen, S
Kasparek, W
Kaye, A
Keeling, D
Kelliher, D
Kemp, N
King, RF
Kinsey, J
Kiptily, V
Kirov, K
Kirschner, A
Kiviniemi, T
Knight, P
Knipe, S
Koch, R
Kooijman, W
Korotkov, A
Koslowski, HR
Kramer, G
Kraus, W
Kritz, A
Kruijt, OG
Kurki-Suonio, T
La Haye, RJ
Labombard, B
Laesser, R
Lam, N
Lamalle, P
Land, G
Lang, P
Lao, L
Last, J
Laux, M
Laviron, C
Lawson, KD
Laxaback, M
Lazzaro, E
Leggate, H
Lehnen, M
Leigheb, M
Lennholm, M
Leonard, A
Lescure, C
Leuterer, F
Likin, K
Litaudon, X
Lingier, K
Linke, J
Lipshultz, B
Lister, J
Litaudon, X
Liu, Y
Lloyd, G
Loarer, T
Loarte, A
Loesser, D
Lomas, PJ
Long, F
Lonnroth, J
Lorenz, A
Lotte, P
Louche, F
Loughlin, M
Loving, A
Luce, T
Lucock, RMA
Lyssoivan, A
Maagdenberg, J
Maas, A
MacGregor, J
Macheta, P
Maddaluno, G
Maddison, GP
Maget, P
Magne, R
Mahdavi, A
Mailloux, J
Maisonnier, D
Manickam, J
Mank, G
Manso, ME
Mantica, P
Mantsinen, M
Maraschek, M
Marcuzzi, D
Marinucci, M
Marmillod, P
Martin, D
Martin, M
Martin, Y
Mast, KF
Mattei, M
Matthews, GF
Mayer, M
Mayoral, ML
Mazon, D
Mazzone, G
Mazzucato, E
McCarron, E
McClements, K
McCormick, K
McCullen, PA
McCune, D
McDonald, D
Mead, M
Medina, F
Meigs, A
Melissen, W
Meneses, L
Meo, F
Mertens, P
Mertens, V
Messiaen, A
Milani, F
Miller, A
Mills, S
Milner, J
Mlynar, J
Monakhov, I
Monier-Garbet, P
Monk, R
Monney, R
Moreau, D
Moreau, P
Morgan, PD
Morris, AW
Morris, J
Mort, JL
Mossessian, D
Muck, A
Mueller, G
Murakami, M
Murari, A
Murdock, D
Na, YS
Nabais, F
Nave, MFF
Nazikian, R
Negus, C
Neil, GF
Neilson, JD
Nelson, B
Neu, R
Nevins, W
Newbert, GJ
Nguyen, F
Nichols, K
Nicolai, A
Nicolas, L
Nielsen, P
Nightingale, M
Nordman, H
Noterdaeme, JM
Nowak, S
O'Mullane, M
Ongena, J
Onjun, T
Orchard, J
Orsitto, F
Osborne, T
Palmer, J
Pamela, J
Panaccione, L
Parail, V
Parkin, A
Parsons, B
Pascualotto, R
Patel, B
Pavlenko, I
Peacock, AT
Pearce, R
Pecquet, AL
Luna, AP
Peeters, A
Penzhorn, RD
Alonso, MP
Pereverzev, G
Perevezentsev, A
von Thun, CP
Pericoli, V
Peruzzo, S
Petravich, G
Petrizilka, V
Petrov, Y
Petty, C
Phillips, V
Piccolo, F
Pick, M
Pinches, SD
Pinna, T
Piosczyk, B
Pironti, A
Pitcher, CS
Pitts, R
Plysnin, V
Pochelon, A
Podda, S
Polinari, P
Pomaro, N
Popovichev, S
Portafaix, C
Porter, G
Pospieszczyk, A
Preece, G
Prentice, R
Prins, R
Proschek, M
Pugno, R
Puiatti, ME
Purahoo, K
Rachlew, E
Rainford, M
Raisback, D
Rantamaki, K
Rapp, J
Rasmussen, D
Reiser, D
Reiter, D
Rewoldt, G
Ribeiro, TM
Riccardo, V
Righi, E
Rimini, FG
Riva, M
Robinson, DS
Robinson, SA
Robson, DW
Roccella, M
Rodrigo, LR
Rogero, G
Rogister, A
Roguemore, T
Rolfe, A
Ronden, D
Rosanvallon, S
Ross, D
Rubel, M
Ryter, F
Saarelma, S
Sabathier, F
Sabot, R
Saibene, G
Salavy, JF
Sall, I
Sanchez, J
Sanders, S
Sanders, SG
Sands, D
Sarazin, Y
Sartori, F
Sartori, R
Sattin, F
Sauter, O
Sborchia, C
Scaffidi-Argentina, F
Scarabosio, A
Schilling, G
Schissel, D
Schlosser, J
Schmidt, G
Schmidt, W
Schuller, C
Schweer, B
Schweinzer, J
Segui, JL
Semeraro, L
Sergienko, G
Serra, F
Sharapov, SE
Shaw, SR
Siegrist, M
Silva, CA
Simpson, D
Sipila, S
Sips, ACC
Sjostrand, H
Skinner, C
Smith, PG
Snipes, J
Solano, ER
Sonato, P
Sousa, J
Sozzi, C
Spence, J
Speth, E
Staebler, A
Allen, RS
Stagg, R
Stakenborg, J
Stamp, MF
Stangeby, P
Starkey, D
Stauton-Lambert, SA
Stephen, A
Sterk, A
Sterk, AB
Stevens, A
Stillerman, J
Stober, J
Stokes, R
Stork, D
Strachan, J
Stratton, B
Stratton, K
Stubberfield, P
Summers, HP
Surrey, E
Sutton, D
Suttrop, W
Svenson, J
Symonds, I
Tabares, F
Tait, J
Tala, T
Talarico, C
Talbot, AR
Taliercio, C
Tam, U
Tame, C
Tardini, G
Tardocchi, M
Tartoni, N
Tavernier, J
Telesca, G
Terrington, AO
Testa, D
Testoni, P
Theis, JM
Thomas, J
Thomas, P
Thomsen, H
Thomsen, K
Thumm, M
Thyagaraja, C
Tichler, J
Tigwell, P
Tiscornia, T
Todd, JM
Tokar, MZ
De Tommasi, G
Tran, QM
Travere, JM
Tresset, G
Tribaldos, V
Tsitrone, E
Tuccillo, AA
Tudisco, O
Turker, E
Turner, MM
Udintsev, V
Unterberg, B
Valetta, MP
Valisa, M
Valovic, M
Van Amerongen, F
Van de Poll, M
Van der Grift, T
Van Eester, D
Van Gorkorm, J
Varela, P
Vender, D
Veres, G
Verhoeven, A
Villard, L
Villedieu, E
Villone, F
Vince, JE
Von Hellermann, M
Vulliez, K
Wade, M
Wagner, D
Walden, A
Walker, M
Walton, B
Watkins, ML
Watson, MJ
Weiland, J
Weisen, H
Werner, A
Wesner, F
West, P
Westerhof, E
Weyssow, B
Wheatley, MR
Whitehead, A
Whitehurst, A
Whyte, D
Wicks, SJ
Widdershoven, L
Wienhold, P
Wilson, A
Wilson, C
Wilson, D
Wilson, DJ
Wilson, DW
Wilson, R
Wischmeier, M
Wolf, R
Wouters, P
Yorkshades, JS
Young, C
Young, D
Young, ID
Young, K
Zabeo, L
Zacek, F
Zakharov, L
Zanca, P
Zastrow, KD
Zeidner, W
Zerbini, M
Zohm, H
Zoletnik, S
Zonca, F
Zwingman, W
CA JET EFDA Contributors
TI Overview of JET results
SO NUCLEAR FUSION
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Fusion Energy Conference (FEC-2002)
CY OCT, 2002
CL LYON, FRANCE
ID ELMY H-MODES; INTERNAL TRANSPORT BARRIERS; JOINT EUROPEAN TORUS; CURRENT
DRIVE; INTERACTION ISSUES; TRITIUM RECOVERY; PLASMA ROTATION;
HIGH-DENSITY; CONFINEMENT; SHEAR
AB Scientific and technical activities on JET focus on the issues likely to affect the ITER design and operation. Our understanding of the ITER reference mode of operation, the ELMy H-mode, has progressed significantly. The extrapolation of ELM size to ITER has been re-evaluated. Neoclassical tearing modes have been shown to be meta-stable in JET, and their beta limits can be raised by destabilization (modification) of sawteeth by ion cyclotron radio frequency heating (ICRH). Alpha simulation experiments with ICRH accelerated injected 4 (He) beam ions provide a new tool for fast particle and magnetohydrodynamic studies, with up to 80-90% of plasma heating by fast 4 He ions. With or without impurity seeding, a quasi-steady-state high confinement (H-98 = 1), high density(n(e)/n(GW) = 0.9-1) and high beta (betaN = 2) ELMy H-mode has been achieved by operating near the ITER triangularity ( similar to 0.40-0.5) and safety factor (q(95) similar to 3), at Z(eff) similar to 1.5-2. In advanced tokamak (AT) scenarios, internal transport barriers (ITBs) are now characterized in real time with a new criterion, rhoT(*). Tailoring of the current profile with T lower hybrid current drive provides reliable access to a variety of q profiles, lowering access power for barrier formation. Rational q surfaces appear to be associated with ITB formation. Alfven cascades were observed in reversed shear plasmas, providing identification of q profile evolution. Plasmas with 'current holes' were observed and modelled. Transient high confinement AT regimes with H-89 = 3.3, beta(N) = 2.4 and ITER-relevant q < 5 were achieved with reversed magnetic shear. Quasi-stationary ITBs are developed with full non-inductive current drive, including similar to 50% bootstrap current. A record duration of ITBs was achieved, up to 11 s, approaching the resistive time. For the first time, pressure and current profiles of AT regimes are controlled by a real-time feedback system, in separate experiments. Erosion and co-deposition studies with a quartz micro-balance show reduced co-deposition. Measured divertor thermal loads during disruptions in JET could modify ITER assumptions.
C1 EFDA, Close Support Unit, Culham Sci Ctr, Abingdon OX14 3EA, Oxon, England.
CEA Cadarache, EURATOM Assoc, F-13108 St Paul Les Durance, France.
CIEMAT, EURATOM Assoc, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
Dublin City Univ, EURATOM Assoc, Dublin 9, Ireland.
Univ Coll Cork, Dept Phys, Cork, Ireland.
Consorzio RFX, I-35127 Padua, Italy.
ENEA CR Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy.
EURATOM, ENEA, CREATE, I-80125 Naples, Italy.
EURATOM, CNR, Inst Fis Plasma, I-20125 Milan, Italy.
Univ Cagliari, Elect & Elect Engn Dept, I-09123 Cagliari, Italy.
ENEA, CR Brasimone, CP1, I-40032 Camugnano, Italy.
ENEA, I-40129 Bologna, Italy.
EURATOM, FOM, TEC, NL-3430 BE Nieuwegein, Netherlands.
Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Plasmaphys, D-52425 Julich, Germany.
Max Planck Inst Plasma Phys, EURATOM Assoc, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
EURATOM, IST, Ctr Fusao Nucl, P-1049001 Lisbon, Portugal.
EURATOM VR Assoc, Swedish Res Council, SE-10378 Stockholm, Sweden.
EURATOM, OAW, A-1030 Vienna, Austria.
Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Ctr Rech Phys Plasmas, Assoc Euratom Confederat Suisse, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
Aalto Univ, Assoc Euratom TEKES, FIN-02015 Helsinki, Finland.
VTT Proc, FIN-02044 Espoo, Finland.
Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, EURATOM Assoc, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany.
UKAEA Euratom Fus Assoc, Culham Sci Ctr, Abingdon OX14 3DB, Oxon, England.
MPI, EFDA Close Support Unit, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
Royal Mil Acad, EURATOM Assoc, LPP, ERM,KMS, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium.
EURATOM, IPP, Prague 18221 8, Czech Republic.
Hungarian Acad Sci, KFKI, Res Inst Particle & Nucl Phys, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary.
Univ Nice, Nice, France.
Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London SW7 2AZ, England.
Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Phys, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA USA.
Univ Texas, Inst Fus Studies, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
Lehigh Univ, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA.
Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
Prairie View A& M Univ, Prairie View, TX 77446 USA.
Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
Univ Toronto, Inst Aerosp Studies, Toronto, ON M3H 5T6, Canada.
Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
RP EFDA, Close Support Unit, Culham Sci Ctr, Abingdon OX14 3EA, Oxon, England.
RI Coster, David/B-4311-2010; Westerhof, Egbert/H-8730-2013; Innocente,
Paolo/G-4381-2013; Silva, Carlos/L-6490-2013; Fernandes,
Horacio/E-3292-2012; Coelho, Rui/N-2692-2013; Gaudio, Pasqualino
/B-3009-2014; Mlynar, Jan/G-9941-2014; Zacek, Frantisek/H-2400-2014;
veres, gabor/J-2508-2014; Nave, Maria/A-5581-2013; Artaud,
Jean-Francois/J-2068-2012; Bruschi, Alessandro/A-5530-2015; Lang,
Peter/H-2507-2013; garcia-munoz, manuel/C-6825-2008; Ribeiro,
Tiago/J-7404-2013; Ratta, Giuseppe/I-5515-2012; Tribaldos,
Victor/K-4299-2012; Panek, Radomir/G-7507-2014; Cruz, Nuno
Sergio/K-4893-2015; Borba, Duarte/K-6148-2015; Albanese,
Raffaele/B-5394-2016; Garcia-Cortes, Isabel/H-3341-2015; De Tommasi,
Gianmaria/A-8787-2012; Blum, Jacques/N-1792-2016; Artaud,
Jean-Francois/G-8480-2011; Meo, Fernando/A-3937-2012; Sjostrand,
Henrik/C-3311-2012; Ariola, Marco/C-4633-2012; Hron, Martin/E-2423-2012;
Sozzi, Carlo/F-4158-2012; McClements, Ken/H-7985-2012; Alonso,
Manuel/A-4836-2013; Imbeaux, Frederic/A-7614-2013; Sattin,
Fabio/B-5620-2013; Dep Theor Physics, Computer Modeling/E-6336-2013;
Dorland, William/B-4403-2009; Mantica, Paola/K-3033-2012; Baciero,
Alfonso/B-4942-2008; Tresset, Guillaume/B-9009-2008; Peeters,
Arthur/A-1281-2009; Onjun, Thawatchai/A-3016-2009; travere,
jean-marcel/A-9896-2009; Hutchinson, Ian/D-1136-2009; Jardin,
Stephen/E-9392-2010; Schweinzer, Josef/C-9242-2009; Gans,
Timo/C-5035-2008; Hammett, Gregory/D-1365-2011; Dumbrajs,
Olgierd/D-5526-2011; GAUTHIER, Eric/E-1076-2011; Figueiredo,
Antonio/F-9261-2011; Estrada, Teresa/N-9048-2016; Goncalves,
Bruno/H-8679-2012; Plyusnin, Vladislav/N-1253-2013; Gerasimov,
Sergei/O-4881-2015; Neu, Rudolf /B-4438-2010; Gorini,
Giuseppe/H-9595-2016; Solano, Emilia/A-1212-2009; Brezinsek,
Sebastijan/B-2796-2017; Balbin, Rosa/F-8210-2010; Chitarin,
Giuseppe/H-6133-2012; Coenen, Jan Willem/K-7802-2013; Hidalgo,
Carlos/H-6109-2015; Ascasibar, Enrique/B-7498-2014; Varela,
Paulo/N-3408-2013; Fresa, Raffaele/I-3330-2012; Varandas,
Carlos/N-3519-2013; Sousa, Jorge/M-6158-2013; Vega, Jesus/H-1530-2015;
Miano, Giovanni/L-3507-2014; de Arcas, Guillermo/M-2830-2014;
OI Coster, David/0000-0002-2470-9706; Westerhof,
Egbert/0000-0002-0749-9399; Silva, Carlos/0000-0001-6348-0505;
Fernandes, Horacio/0000-0001-6542-7767; Coelho, Rui/0000-0002-1127-1661;
Gaudio, Pasqualino /0000-0003-0861-558X; Mlynar,
Jan/0000-0003-4718-4321; Nave, Maria/0000-0003-2078-6584; Bruschi,
Alessandro/0000-0002-0139-6401; Lang, Peter/0000-0003-1586-8518;
garcia-munoz, manuel/0000-0002-3241-502X; Ratta,
Giuseppe/0000-0002-5676-9631; Tribaldos, Victor/0000-0002-8683-9338;
Panek, Radomir/0000-0002-6106-3422; Cruz, Nuno
Sergio/0000-0002-3976-4871; Borba, Duarte/0000-0001-5305-2857; Albanese,
Raffaele/0000-0003-4586-8068; Garcia-Cortes, Isabel/0000-0002-5223-391X;
De Tommasi, Gianmaria/0000-0002-8509-7176; Ariola,
Marco/0000-0002-8660-8468; Hron, Martin/0000-0003-3987-8040; Sozzi,
Carlo/0000-0001-8951-0071; Alonso, Manuel/0000-0002-4677-1252; Dorland,
William/0000-0003-2915-724X; Hutchinson, Ian/0000-0003-4276-6576; Gans,
Timo/0000-0003-1362-8000; Hammett, Gregory/0000-0003-1495-6647;
Figueiredo, Antonio/0000-0003-0487-8956; Estrada,
Teresa/0000-0001-6205-2656; Goncalves, Bruno/0000-0003-0670-1214;
Plyusnin, Vladislav/0000-0003-1277-820X; Gerasimov,
Sergei/0000-0002-6249-2931; Neu, Rudolf /0000-0002-6062-1955; Gorini,
Giuseppe/0000-0002-4673-0901; Solano, Emilia/0000-0002-4815-3407;
Brezinsek, Sebastijan/0000-0002-7213-3326; Balbin,
Rosa/0000-0001-5231-1300; Chitarin, Giuseppe/0000-0003-3060-8466;
Coenen, Jan Willem/0000-0002-8579-908X; Ascasibar,
Enrique/0000-0001-8124-0994; Varela, Paulo/0000-0002-6865-8066; Pereira,
Rita C./0000-0002-3834-3709; Nabais, Fernando/0000-0003-4644-2827;
Ambrosino, Giuseppe/0000-0002-2549-2772; Kovari,
Michael/0000-0001-7847-1732; Belonohy, Eva/0000-0002-1045-4634;
Jednorog, Slawomir/0000-0003-4996-6917; Ferreira,
Jorge/0000-0001-5015-7207; Fresa, Raffaele/0000-0001-5140-0299;
Carvalho, Bernardo/0000-0002-8790-8999; sartori,
Filippo/0000-0002-3451-3467; POMARO, NICOLA/0000-0002-5024-1457;
Varandas, Carlos/0000-0002-6164-0170; Snoj, Luka/0000-0003-3097-5928;
Sousa, Jorge/0000-0003-3678-7610; Belo, Paula/0000-0001-5047-4392;
Canik, John/0000-0001-6934-6681; Manso, Maria/0000-0002-1171-8689; Vega,
Jesus/0000-0002-1622-3984; Porcelli, Francesco/0000-0002-3625-6417;
Miano, Giovanni/0000-0002-5765-799X; Perelli Cippo,
Enrico/0000-0002-8151-3427; Figueiredo, J./0000-0003-1356-7666; de
Arcas, Guillermo/0000-0003-1699-7389; Neto, Andre/0000-0003-3875-3561;
Angelone, Maurizio/0000-0003-4697-4604; Bizarro, Joao P.
S./0000-0002-0698-6259; Rapp, Juergen/0000-0003-2785-9280; Mayer,
Matej/0000-0002-5337-6963; Tokar, Mikhail/0000-0002-9536-9841;
Prestopino, Giuseppe/0000-0002-2916-5883; Frassinetti,
Lorenzo/0000-0002-9546-4494; Nunes, Isabel/0000-0003-0542-1982; Tabares,
Francisco/0000-0001-7045-8672; GARAVAGLIA, SAUL
FRANCESCO/0000-0002-8433-1901; Gelfusa, Michela/0000-0001-5158-7292;
Solomon, Wayne/0000-0002-0902-9876; Almaviva,
Salvatore/0000-0002-8671-9969; Unterberg, Bernhard/0000-0003-0866-957X;
Romanelli, Francesco/0000-0001-9778-1090; Sjostrand,
Henrik/0000-0002-7595-8024; Braic, Viorel/0000-0001-8132-1049;
del-Castillo-Negrete, Diego/0000-0001-7183-801X; pillon,
mario/0000-0001-5534-6859; Neubauer, Olaf/0000-0002-4516-4397
NR 109
TC 32
Z9 33
U1 5
U2 56
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0029-5515
EI 1741-4326
J9 NUCL FUSION
JI Nucl. Fusion
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 43
IS 12
BP 1540
EP 1554
AR PII S0029-5515(03)68825-3
DI 10.1088/0029-5515/43/12/002
PG 15
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA 760MT
UT WOS:000187838300003
ER
PT J
AU Marmar, ES
Bai, B
Boivin, RL
Bonoli, PT
Boswell, C
Bravenec, R
Carreras, B
Ernst, D
Fiore, C
Gangadhara, S
Gentle, K
Goetz, J
Granetz, R
Greenwald, M
Hallatschek, K
Hastie, J
Hosea, J
Hubbard, A
Hughes, JW
Hutchinson, I
In, Y
Irby, J
Jennings, T
Kopon, D
Kramer, G
LaBombard, B
Lee, WD
Lin, Y
Lipschultz, B
Liptac, J
Lynn, A
Marr, K
Maqueda, R
Melby, E
Mikkelsen, D
Mossessian, D
Nazikian, R
Nevins, WM
Parker, R
Pedersen, TS
Phillips, CK
Phillips, P
Pitcher, CS
Porkolab, M
Ramos, J
Redi, M
Rice, J
Rogers, BN
Rowan, WL
Sampsell, M
Schilling, G
Scott, S
Snipes, J
Snyder, P
Stotler, D
Taylor, G
Terry, JL
Wilson, H
Wilson, JR
Wolfe, SM
Wukitch, S
Xu, XQ
Youngblood, B
Yuh, H
Zhurovich, K
Zweben, S
AF Marmar, ES
Bai, B
Boivin, RL
Bonoli, PT
Boswell, C
Bravenec, R
Carreras, B
Ernst, D
Fiore, C
Gangadhara, S
Gentle, K
Goetz, J
Granetz, R
Greenwald, M
Hallatschek, K
Hastie, J
Hosea, J
Hubbard, A
Hughes, JW
Hutchinson, I
In, Y
Irby, J
Jennings, T
Kopon, D
Kramer, G
LaBombard, B
Lee, WD
Lin, Y
Lipschultz, B
Liptac, J
Lynn, A
Marr, K
Maqueda, R
Melby, E
Mikkelsen, D
Mossessian, D
Nazikian, R
Nevins, WM
Parker, R
Pedersen, TS
Phillips, CK
Phillips, P
Pitcher, CS
Porkolab, M
Ramos, J
Redi, M
Rice, J
Rogers, BN
Rowan, WL
Sampsell, M
Schilling, G
Scott, S
Snipes, J
Snyder, P
Stotler, D
Taylor, G
Terry, JL
Wilson, H
Wilson, JR
Wolfe, SM
Wukitch, S
Xu, XQ
Youngblood, B
Yuh, H
Zhurovich, K
Zweben, S
TI Overview of recent Alcator C-Mod research
SO NUCLEAR FUSION
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Fusion Energy Conference (FEC-2002)
CY OCT, 2002
CL LYON, FRANCE
ID OHMIC H-MODE; TOROIDAL ROTATION; ION-CYCLOTRON; MHD STABILITY; TOKAMAK;
PLASMAS; PEDESTAL; INSTABILITIES; SUPPRESSION; TURBULENCE
AB Research on the Alcator C-Mod tokamak [1] is focused on high particle- and power-density plasma regimes to understand particle and energy transport in the core, the dynamics of the H-mode pedestal, and scrape-off layer and divertor physics. The auxiliary heating is provided exclusively by RF waves, and both the physics and technology of RF heating and current drive are studied. The momentum which is manifested in strong toroidal rotation, in the absence of direct momentum input, has been shown to be transported in from the edge of the plasma following the L-H transition, with timescale comparable to that for energy transport. In discharges which develop internal transport barriers, the rotation slows first inside the barrier region, and then subsequently outside of the barrier foot. Heat pulse propagation studies using sawteeth indicate a very narrow region of strongly reduced energy transport, located near r/a = 0.5. Addition of on-axis ICRF heating arrests the buildup of density and impurities, leading to quasi-steady conditions. The quasi-coherent mode associated with enhanced D-Alpha (EDA) H-mode appears to be due to a resistive ballooning instability. As the pedestal pressure gradient and temperature are increased in EDA H-mode, small ELMs appear; detailed modelling indicates that these are due to intermediate n peeling-ballooning modes. Phase contrast imaging has been used to directly detect density fluctuations driven by ICRF waves in the core of the plasma, and mode conversion to an intermediate wavelength ion cyclotron wave has been observed for the first time. The bursty turbulent density fluctuations, observed to drive rapid cross-field particle transport in the edge plasma, appear to play a key role in the dynamics of the density limit. Preparations for quasi-steady-state advanced tokamak studies with lower hybrid current drive are well underway, and time dependent modelling indicates that regimes with high bootstrap fraction can be produced.
C1 MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92138 USA.
Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
Max Planck Inst Plasma Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
UKAEA Euratom Fus Assoc, Culham Sci Ctr, Abingdon, Oxon, England.
Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
Univ Idaho, Moscow, ID 83843 USA.
Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA.
CRPP, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Liverpool, Merseyside, England.
Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA.
Univ Toronto, Inst Aerosp Studies, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Dartmouth Coll, Hanover, NH USA.
RP MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
EM marmar@psfc.mit.edu
RI Lipschultz, Bruce/J-7726-2012; Lin, Yijun/B-5711-2009; Hutchinson,
Ian/D-1136-2009; Stotler, Daren/J-9494-2015; Ernst, Darin/A-1487-2010
OI Lipschultz, Bruce/0000-0001-5968-3684; Hutchinson,
Ian/0000-0003-4276-6576; Stotler, Daren/0000-0001-5521-8718; Greenwald,
Martin/0000-0002-4438-729X; Ernst, Darin/0000-0002-9577-2809
NR 27
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 5
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0029-5515
EI 1741-4326
J9 NUCL FUSION
JI Nucl. Fusion
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 43
IS 12
BP 1610
EP 1618
AR PII S0029-5515(03)63730-0
DI 10.1088/0029-5515/43/12/007
PG 9
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA 760MT
UT WOS:000187838300008
ER
PT J
AU Synakowski, EJ
Bell, MG
Bell, RE
Bigelow, T
Bitter, M
Blanchard, W
Boedo, J
Bourdelle, C
Bush, C
Darrow, DS
Efthimion, PC
Fredrickson, ED
Gates, DA
Gilmore, M
Grisham, LR
Hosea, JC
Johnson, DW
Kaita, R
Kaye, SM
Kubota, S
Kugel, HW
LeBlanc, BP
Lee, K
Maingi, R
Manickam, J
Maqueda, R
Mazzucato, E
Medley, SS
Menard, J
Mueller, D
Nelson, BA
Neumeyer, C
Ono, M
Paoletti, F
Park, HK
Paul, SF
Peng, YKM
Phillips, CK
Ramakrishnan, S
Raman, R
Roquemore, AL
Rosenberg, A
Ryan, PM
Sabbagh, SA
Skinner, CH
Soukhanovskii, V
Stevenson, T
Stutman, D
Swain, DW
Taylor, G
Von Halle, A
Wilgen, J
Williams, M
Wilson, JR
Zweben, SJ
Akers, R
Barry, RE
Beiersdorfer, P
Bialek, JM
Blagojevic, B
Bonoli, PT
Budny, R
Carter, MD
Chang, CS
Chrzanowski, J
Davis, W
Deng, B
Doyle, EJ
Dudek, L
Egedal, J
Ellis, R
Ferron, JR
Finkenthal, M
Foley, J
Fredd, E
Glasser, A
Gibney, T
Goldston, RJ
Harvey, R
Hatcher, RE
Hawryluk, RJ
Heidbrink, W
Hill, KW
Houlberg, W
Jarboe, TR
Jardin, SC
Ji, H
Kalish, M
Lawrance, J
Lao, LL
Lee, KC
Levinton, FM
Luhmann, NC
Majeski, R
Marsala, R
Mastravito, D
Mau, TK
McCormack, B
Menon, MM
Mitarai, O
Nagata, M
Nishino, N
Okabayashi, M
Oliaro, G
Pacella, D
Parsells, R
Peebles, T
Peneflor, B
Piglowski, D
Pinsker, R
Porter, GD
Ram, AK
Redi, M
Rensink, M
Rewoldt, G
Robinson, J
Roney, P
Schaffer, M
Shaing, K
Shiraiwa, S
Sichta, P
Stotler, D
Stratton, BC
Takase, Y
Tang, X
Vero, R
Wampler, WR
Wurden, GA
Xu, XQ
Yang, JG
Zeng, L
Zhu, W
AF Synakowski, EJ
Bell, MG
Bell, RE
Bigelow, T
Bitter, M
Blanchard, W
Boedo, J
Bourdelle, C
Bush, C
Darrow, DS
Efthimion, PC
Fredrickson, ED
Gates, DA
Gilmore, M
Grisham, LR
Hosea, JC
Johnson, DW
Kaita, R
Kaye, SM
Kubota, S
Kugel, HW
LeBlanc, BP
Lee, K
Maingi, R
Manickam, J
Maqueda, R
Mazzucato, E
Medley, SS
Menard, J
Mueller, D
Nelson, BA
Neumeyer, C
Ono, M
Paoletti, F
Park, HK
Paul, SF
Peng, YKM
Phillips, CK
Ramakrishnan, S
Raman, R
Roquemore, AL
Rosenberg, A
Ryan, PM
Sabbagh, SA
Skinner, CH
Soukhanovskii, V
Stevenson, T
Stutman, D
Swain, DW
Taylor, G
Von Halle, A
Wilgen, J
Williams, M
Wilson, JR
Zweben, SJ
Akers, R
Barry, RE
Beiersdorfer, P
Bialek, JM
Blagojevic, B
Bonoli, PT
Budny, R
Carter, MD
Chang, CS
Chrzanowski, J
Davis, W
Deng, B
Doyle, EJ
Dudek, L
Egedal, J
Ellis, R
Ferron, JR
Finkenthal, M
Foley, J
Fredd, E
Glasser, A
Gibney, T
Goldston, RJ
Harvey, R
Hatcher, RE
Hawryluk, RJ
Heidbrink, W
Hill, KW
Houlberg, W
Jarboe, TR
Jardin, SC
Ji, H
Kalish, M
Lawrance, J
Lao, LL
Lee, KC
Levinton, FM
Luhmann, NC
Majeski, R
Marsala, R
Mastravito, D
Mau, TK
McCormack, B
Menon, MM
Mitarai, O
Nagata, M
Nishino, N
Okabayashi, M
Oliaro, G
Pacella, D
Parsells, R
Peebles, T
Peneflor, B
Piglowski, D
Pinsker, R
Porter, GD
Ram, AK
Redi, M
Rensink, M
Rewoldt, G
Robinson, J
Roney, P
Schaffer, M
Shaing, K
Shiraiwa, S
Sichta, P
Stotler, D
Stratton, BC
Takase, Y
Tang, X
Vero, R
Wampler, WR
Wurden, GA
Xu, XQ
Yang, JG
Zeng, L
Zhu, W
TI The national spherical torus experiment (NSTX) research programme and
progress towards high beta, long pulse operating scenarios
SO NUCLEAR FUSION
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Fusion Energy Conference (FEC-2002)
CY OCT, 2002
CL LYON, FRANCE
ID TOKAMAK PLASMAS; CONFINEMENT; TRANSPORT; INSTABILITIES; EMISSION;
LIMITS; WAVES
AB A major research goal of the national spherical torus experiment is establishing long-pulse, high beta, high confinement operation and its physics basis. This research has been enabled by facility capabilities developed during 2001 and 2002, including neutral beam (up to 7 MW) and high harmonic fast wave (HHFW) heating (up to 6 MW), toroidal fields up to 6 kG, plasma currents up to 1.5 MA, flexible shape control, and wall preparation techniques. These capabilities have enabled the generation of plasmas with beta(T) equivalent to
/(B-T0(2)/2mu(0)) of up to 35%. Normalized beta values often exceed the no-wall limit, and studies suggest that passive wall mode stabilization enables this for H mode plasmas with broad pressure profiles. The viability of long, high bootstrap current fraction operations has been established for ELMing H mode plasmas with toroidal beta values in excess of 15% and sustained for several current relaxation times. Improvements in wall conditioning and fuelling are likely contributing to a reduction in H mode power thresholds. Electron thermal conduction is the dominant thermal loss channel in auxiliary heated plasmas examined thus far. HHFW effectively heats electrons, and its acceleration of fast beam ions has been observed. Evidence for HHFW current drive is obtained by comparision of the loop voltage evolution in plasmas with matched density and temperature profiles but varying phases of launched HHFW waves. Studies of emissions from electron Bernstein waves indicate a density scale length dependence of their transmission across the upper hybrid resonance near the plasma edge that is consistent with theoretical predictions. A peak heat flux to the divertor targets of 10 MW m(-2) has been measured in the H-mode, with large asymmetries being observed in the power deposition between the inner and outer strike points. Non-inductive plasma startup studies have focused on coaxial helicity injection. With this technique, toroidal currents up to 400 kA have been driven, and studies to assess flux closure and coupling to other current drive techniques have begun.
C1 Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA.
Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA.
Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
UKAEA Euratom Fus Assoc, Culham Lab, Abingdon OX14 3DB, Oxon, England.
Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA.
MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
NYU, New York, NY USA.
Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA USA.
Compx, Del Mar, CA USA.
Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92717 USA.
Princeton Sci Instruments, Princeton, NJ USA.
Nova Photon, Princeton, NJ USA.
Kyushu Tokai Univ, Kumamoto, Japan.
Himeji Inst Technol, Okayama, Japan.
Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima 730, Japan.
ENEA, Frascati, Italy.
Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
RP Synakowski, EJ (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
EM synakowski@pppl.gov
RI Jardin, Stephen/E-9392-2010; Sabbagh, Steven/C-7142-2011; Nishino,
Nobuhiro/D-6390-2011; Stotler, Daren/J-9494-2015; Stutman,
Dan/P-4048-2015; Wurden, Glen/A-1921-2017;
OI Stotler, Daren/0000-0001-5521-8718; Wurden, Glen/0000-0003-2991-1484;
Davis, William/0000-0003-0666-7247; Menard, Jonathan/0000-0003-1292-3286
NR 47
TC 33
Z9 33
U1 0
U2 8
PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY
PI VIENNA
PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA
SN 0029-5515
J9 NUCL FUSION
JI Nucl. Fusion
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 43
IS 12
BP 1653
EP 1664
AR PII S0029-5515(03)38967-2
DI 10.1088/0029-5515/43/12/011
PG 12
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA 760MT
UT WOS:000187838300012
ER
PT J
AU Motojima, O
Ohyabu, N
Komori, A
Kaneko, O
Yamada, H
Kawahata, K
Nakamura, Y
Ida, K
Akiyama, T
Ashikawa, N
Cooper, WA
Ejiri, A
Emoto, M
Ezumi, N
Funaba, H
Fukuyama, A
Goncharov, P
Goto, M
Idei, H
Ikeda, K
Inagaki, S
Isobe, M
Kado, S
Kawazome, H
Khlopenkov, K
Kobuchi, T
Kondo, K
Kostrioukov, A
Kubo, S
Kumazawa, R
Liang, Y
Lyon, JF
Mase, A
Masuzaki, S
Minami, T
Miyazawa, J
Morisaki, T
Morita, S
Murakami, S
Muto, S
Mutoh, T
Nagaoka, K
Nagayama, Y
Nakajima, N
Nakamura, K
Nakanishi, H
Narihara, K
Narushima, Y
Nishimura, K
Nishino, N
Noda, N
Notake, T
Nozato, H
Ohdachi, S
Oka, Y
Okada, H
Okamura, S
Osakabe, M
Ozaki, T
Peterson, BJ
Sagara, A
Saida, T
Saito, K
Sakakibara, S
Sakamoto, M
Sakamoto, R
Sasao, M
Sato, K
Sato, M
Seki, T
Shimozuma, T
Shoji, M
Suzuki, H
Takeiri, Y
Takeuchi, N
Tamura, N
Tanaka, K
Tanaka, MY
Teramachi, Y
Toi, K
Tokuzawa, T
Tomota, Y
Torii, Y
Tsumori, K
Watanabe, KY
Watari, T
Xu, Y
Yamada, I
Yamamoto, S
Yamamoto, T
Yokoyama, M
Yoshimura, S
Yoshimura, Y
Yoshinuma, M
Asakura, N
Fujita, T
Fukuda, T
Hatae, T
Higashijima, S
Isayama, A
Kamada, Y
Kubo, H
Kusama, Y
Miura, Y
Nakano, Y
Ninomiya, H
Oikawa, T
Oyama, N
Sakamoto, Y
Shinohara, K
Suzuki, T
Takenaga, H
Ushigusa, K
Hino, T
Ichimura, M
Takase, Y
Sano, F
Zushi, H
Satow, T
Imagawa, S
Mito, T
Ohtake, I
Uda, T
Itoh, K
Ohkubo, K
Sudo, S
Yamazaki, K
Matsuoka, K
Hamada, Y
Fujiwara, M
AF Motojima, O
Ohyabu, N
Komori, A
Kaneko, O
Yamada, H
Kawahata, K
Nakamura, Y
Ida, K
Akiyama, T
Ashikawa, N
Cooper, WA
Ejiri, A
Emoto, M
Ezumi, N
Funaba, H
Fukuyama, A
Goncharov, P
Goto, M
Idei, H
Ikeda, K
Inagaki, S
Isobe, M
Kado, S
Kawazome, H
Khlopenkov, K
Kobuchi, T
Kondo, K
Kostrioukov, A
Kubo, S
Kumazawa, R
Liang, Y
Lyon, JF
Mase, A
Masuzaki, S
Minami, T
Miyazawa, J
Morisaki, T
Morita, S
Murakami, S
Muto, S
Mutoh, T
Nagaoka, K
Nagayama, Y
Nakajima, N
Nakamura, K
Nakanishi, H
Narihara, K
Narushima, Y
Nishimura, K
Nishino, N
Noda, N
Notake, T
Nozato, H
Ohdachi, S
Oka, Y
Okada, H
Okamura, S
Osakabe, M
Ozaki, T
Peterson, BJ
Sagara, A
Saida, T
Saito, K
Sakakibara, S
Sakamoto, M
Sakamoto, R
Sasao, M
Sato, K
Sato, M
Seki, T
Shimozuma, T
Shoji, M
Suzuki, H
Takeiri, Y
Takeuchi, N
Tamura, N
Tanaka, K
Tanaka, MY
Teramachi, Y
Toi, K
Tokuzawa, T
Tomota, Y
Torii, Y
Tsumori, K
Watanabe, KY
Watari, T
Xu, Y
Yamada, I
Yamamoto, S
Yamamoto, T
Yokoyama, M
Yoshimura, S
Yoshimura, Y
Yoshinuma, M
Asakura, N
Fujita, T
Fukuda, T
Hatae, T
Higashijima, S
Isayama, A
Kamada, Y
Kubo, H
Kusama, Y
Miura, Y
Nakano, Y
Ninomiya, H
Oikawa, T
Oyama, N
Sakamoto, Y
Shinohara, K
Suzuki, T
Takenaga, H
Ushigusa, K
Hino, T
Ichimura, M
Takase, Y
Sano, F
Zushi, H
Satow, T
Imagawa, S
Mito, T
Ohtake, I
Uda, T
Itoh, K
Ohkubo, K
Sudo, S
Yamazaki, K
Matsuoka, K
Hamada, Y
Fujiwara, M
TI Recent advances in the LHD experiment
SO NUCLEAR FUSION
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Fusion Energy Conference (FEC-2002)
CY OCT, 2002
CL LYON, FRANCE
ID LARGE HELICAL DEVICE; ENERGY CONFINEMENT TIME; RADIAL ELECTRIC-FIELD;
THERMAL TRANSPORT BARRIER; NEUTRAL BEAM INJECTION; LONG-PULSE
DISCHARGES; ICRF HEATED PLASMAS; HEATING EXPERIMENTS; IMPURITY BEHAVIOR;
ION
AB In the first four years of the LHD experiment, several encouraging results have emerged, the most significant of which is that MHD stability and good transport are compatible in the inward shifted axis configuration. The observed energy confinement at this optimal configuration is consistent with ISS95 scaling with an enhancement factor of 1.5. The confinement enhancement over the smaller heliotron devices is attributed to the high edge temperature. We find that the plasma with an average beta of 3% is stable in this configuration, even though the theoretical stability conditions of Mercier modes and pressure driven low-n modes are violated. In the low density discharges heated by NBI and ECR, internal transport barrier (ITB) and an associated high central temperature (> 10 keV) are seen. The radial electric field measured in these discharges is positive (electron root) and expected to play a key role in the formation of the ITB. The positive electric field is also found to suppress the ion thermal diffusivity as predicted by neoclassical transport theory. The width of the externally imposed island (n/m = 1/1) is found to decrease when the plasma is collisionless with finite beta and increase when the plasma is collisional. The ICRF heating in LHD is successful and a high energy tail (up to 500 keV) has been detected for minority ion heating, demonstrating good confinement of the high energy particles. The magnetic field line structure unique to the heliotron edge configuration is confirmed by measuring the plasma density and temperature profiles on the divertor plate. A long pulse (2 min) discharge with an ICRF power of 0.4 MW has been demonstrated and the energy confinement characteristics are almost the same as those in short pulse discharges.
C1 Natl Inst Fus Sci, Gifu, Japan.
Tokyo Inst Technol, Nucl Reactors Res Lab, Tokyo 152, Japan.
EPFL, CRPP, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Frontier Sci, Tokyo, Japan.
Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Energy Sci, Uji, Japan.
Grad Univ Adv Studies, Sch Math & Phys Sci, Dept Fus Sci, Hayama, Japan.
Univ Tokyo, High Temp Plasma Ctr, Tokyo, Japan.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
Kyushu Univ, Adv Sci & Technol Ctr Cooperat Res, Fukuoka 812, Japan.
Kyushu Univ, Res Inst Appl Mech, Fukuoka 812, Japan.
Hiroshima Univ, Fac Engn, Hiroshima 730, Japan.
Nagoya Univ, Dept Energy Engn & Sci, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.
Ibaraki Univ, Dept Engn, Ibaraki, Japan.
Hokkaido Univ, Fac Engn, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060, Japan.
Univ Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan.
RP Motojima, O (reprint author), Natl Inst Fus Sci, Gifu, Japan.
EM motojima@LHD.nifs.ac.jp
RI Nozato, Hideaki/C-9620-2011; Nishino, Nobuhiro/D-6390-2011; Sakamoto,
Ryuichi/E-7557-2013; Sakakibara, Satoru/E-7542-2013; Goncharov,
Pavel/I-4288-2013; Kyushu, RIAM/F-4018-2015; Idei, Hiroshi/F-3291-2015;
Murakami, Sadayoshi/A-2191-2016; Mito, Toshiyuki/E-7537-2013; U-ID,
Kyushu/C-5291-2016; Ida, Katsumi/E-4731-2016
OI Sakamoto, Ryuichi/0000-0002-4453-953X; Sakakibara,
Satoru/0000-0002-3306-0531; Goncharov, Pavel/0000-0001-9226-1694;
Murakami, Sadayoshi/0000-0002-2526-7137; Mito,
Toshiyuki/0000-0002-1705-9039; Ida, Katsumi/0000-0002-0585-4561
NR 52
TC 97
Z9 97
U1 1
U2 15
PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY
PI VIENNA
PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA
SN 0029-5515
J9 NUCL FUSION
JI Nucl. Fusion
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 43
IS 12
BP 1674
EP 1683
AR PII S0029-5515(03)675-1
DI 10.1088/0029-5515/43/12/013
PG 10
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA 760MT
UT WOS:000187838300014
ER
PT J
AU Sarff, JS
Almagri, AF
Anderson, JK
Biewer, TM
Blair, AP
Cengher, M
Chapman, BE
Chattopadhyay, PK
Craig, D
Den Hartog, DJ
Ebrahimi, F
Fiksel, G
Forest, CB
Goetz, JA
Holly, D
Hudson, B
Lovell, TW
McCollam, KJ
Nonn, PD
O'Connell, R
Oliva, SP
Prager, SC
Reardon, JC
Thomas, MA
Wyman, MD
Brower, DL
Ding, WX
Terry, SD
Carter, MD
Davydenko, VI
Ivanov, AA
Harvey, RW
Pinsker, RI
Xiao, C
AF Sarff, JS
Almagri, AF
Anderson, JK
Biewer, TM
Blair, AP
Cengher, M
Chapman, BE
Chattopadhyay, PK
Craig, D
Den Hartog, DJ
Ebrahimi, F
Fiksel, G
Forest, CB
Goetz, JA
Holly, D
Hudson, B
Lovell, TW
McCollam, KJ
Nonn, PD
O'Connell, R
Oliva, SP
Prager, SC
Reardon, JC
Thomas, MA
Wyman, MD
Brower, DL
Ding, WX
Terry, SD
Carter, MD
Davydenko, VI
Ivanov, AA
Harvey, RW
Pinsker, RI
Xiao, C
TI Tokamak-like confinement at a high beta and low toroidal field in the
MST reversed field pinch
SO NUCLEAR FUSION
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Fusion Energy Conference (FEC-2002)
CY OCT, 2002
CL LYON, FRANCE
ID POLOIDAL CURRENT DRIVE; TRANSPORT; TORUS; FLUCTUATION; REDUCTION;
PLASMAS
AB Energy confinement comparable with tokamak quality is achieved in the Madison Symmetric Torus (MST) reversed field pinch (RFP) at a high beta and low toroidal magnetic field. Magnetic fluctuations normally present in the RFP are reduced via parallel current drive in the outer region of the plasma. In response, the electron temperature nearly triples and beta doubles. The confinement time increases ten-fold (to similar to10 ms), which is comparable with L- and H-mode scaling values for a tokamak with the same plasma current, density, heating power, size and shape. Runaway electron confinement is evidenced by a 100-fold increase in hard x-ray bremsstrahlung. Fokker-Planck modelling of the x-ray energy spectrum reveals that the high energy electron diffusion is independent of the parallel velocity, uncharacteristic of magnetic transport and more like that for electrostatic turbulence. The high core electron temperature correlates strongly with a broadband reduction of resonant modes at mid-radius where the stochasticity is normally most intense. To extend profile control and add auxiliary heating, rf current drive and neutral beam heating are in development. Low power lower-hybrid and electron Bernstein wave injection experiments are underway. Dc current sustainment via ac helicity injection (sinusoidal inductive loop voltages) is also being tested. Low power neutral beam injection shows that fast ions are well-confined, even in the presence of relatively large magnetic fluctuations.
C1 Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Elect Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
CompX, Del Mar, CA USA.
Gen Atom Co, La Jolla, CA USA.
Univ Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W0, Canada.
RP Sarff, JS (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM jssarff@wisc.edu
OI Ebrahimi, Fatima/0000-0003-3109-5367
NR 31
TC 49
Z9 49
U1 0
U2 5
PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY
PI VIENNA
PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA
SN 0029-5515
J9 NUCL FUSION
JI Nucl. Fusion
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 43
IS 12
BP 1684
EP 1692
AR PII S0029-5155(03)70949-1
DI 10.1088/0029-5515/43/12/014
PG 9
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA 760MT
UT WOS:000187838300015
ER
PT J
AU Sethian, JD
Friedman, M
Lehmberg, RH
Myers, M
Obenschain, SP
Giuliani, J
Kepple, P
Schmitt, AJ
Colombant, D
Gardner, J
Hegeler, F
Wolford, M
Swanekamp, SB
Weidenheimer, D
Welch, D
Rose, D
Payne, S
Bibeau, C
Baraymian, A
Beach, R
Schaffers, K
Freitas, B
Skulina, K
Meier, W
Latkowski, J
Perkins, LJ
Goodin, D
Petzoldt, R
Stephens, E
Najmabadi, F
Tillack, M
Raffray, R
Dragojlovic, Z
Haynes, A
Peterson, R
Kulcinski, G
Hoffer, J
Geller, D
Schroen, D
Streit, J
Olson, C
Tanaka, T
Renk, T
Rochau, G
Snead, L
Ghoneim, N
Lucas, G
AF Sethian, JD
Friedman, M
Lehmberg, RH
Myers, M
Obenschain, SP
Giuliani, J
Kepple, P
Schmitt, AJ
Colombant, D
Gardner, J
Hegeler, F
Wolford, M
Swanekamp, SB
Weidenheimer, D
Welch, D
Rose, D
Payne, S
Bibeau, C
Baraymian, A
Beach, R
Schaffers, K
Freitas, B
Skulina, K
Meier, W
Latkowski, J
Perkins, LJ
Goodin, D
Petzoldt, R
Stephens, E
Najmabadi, F
Tillack, M
Raffray, R
Dragojlovic, Z
Haynes, A
Peterson, R
Kulcinski, G
Hoffer, J
Geller, D
Schroen, D
Streit, J
Olson, C
Tanaka, T
Renk, T
Rochau, G
Snead, L
Ghoneim, N
Lucas, G
TI Fusion energy with lasers, direct drive targets, and dry wall chambers
SO NUCLEAR FUSION
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Fusion Energy Conference (FEC-2002)
CY OCT, 2002
CL LYON, FRANCE
ID INERTIAL CONFINEMENT FUSION; RAYLEIGH-TAYLOR INSTABILITY; MERCURY LASER;
POWER-PLANT; DESIGN; GROWTH; INJECTION; SOMBRERO; PLASMAS; REACTOR
AB A coordinated, focused effort is underway to develop Laser Inertial Fusion Energy. The key components are developed in concert with one another and the science and engineering issues are addressed concurrently. Recent advances include: target designs have been evaluated that show it could be possible to achieve the high gains (>100) needed for a practical fusion system. These designs feature a low-density CH foam that is wicked with solid DT and over-coated with a thin high-Z layer. These results have been verified with three independent one-dimensional codes, and are now being evaluated with two- and three-dimensional codes. Two types of lasers are under development: Krypton Fluoride (KrF) gas lasers and Diode Pumped Solid State Lasers (DPSSL). Both have recently achieved repetitive 'first light', and both have made progress in meeting the fusion energy requirements for durability, efficiency, and cost. This paper also presents the advances in development of chamber operating windows (target survival plus no wall erosion), final optics (aluminium at grazing incidence has high reflectivity and exceeds the required laser damage threshold), target fabrication (demonstration of smooth DT ice layers grown over foams, batch production of foam shells, and appropriate high-Z overcoats), and target injection (new facility for target injection and tracking studies).
C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
Commonwealth Technol Inc, Alexandria, VA USA.
SAIC, Mclean, VA USA.
JAYCOR, Alexandria, VA USA.
Titan Pulse Sci Div, San Leandro, CA USA.
Mission Res Corp, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA.
Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA.
Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA USA.
Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103 USA.
Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA.
Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA.
Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
RP USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM sethian@this.nrl.navy.mil
RI Wolford, Matthew/D-5834-2013
OI Wolford, Matthew/0000-0002-8624-1336
NR 44
TC 66
Z9 66
U1 1
U2 16
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0029-5515
EI 1741-4326
J9 NUCL FUSION
JI Nucl. Fusion
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 43
IS 12
BP 1693
EP 1709
AR PII S0029-5515(03)67272-8
DI 10.1088/0029-5515/43/12/015
PG 17
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA 760MT
UT WOS:000187838300016
ER
PT J
AU Luxon, JL
Schaffer, MJ
Jackson, GL
Leuer, JA
Nagy, A
Scoville, JT
Strait, EJ
AF Luxon, JL
Schaffer, MJ
Jackson, GL
Leuer, JA
Nagy, A
Scoville, JT
Strait, EJ
TI Anomalies in the applied magnetic fields in DIII-D and their
implications for the understanding of stability experiments
SO NUCLEAR FUSION
LA English
DT Article
ID D TOKAMAK; PLASMA-DEVICES; MHD STABILITY; DISCHARGES; JET;
PERTURBATIONS; LIMITS
AB Small non-axisymmetric magnetic fields are known to cause serious loss of stability in tokamaks, leading to loss of confinement and abrupt termination of plasma current (disruptions). The best known examples are the locked mode and the resistive wall mode. Understanding of the underlying field anomalies (departures in the hardware-related fields from ideal toroidal and poloidal fields on a single axis) and the interaction of the plasma with them is crucial to tokamak development. Results of both locked mode experiments (Scoville J.T. and La Haye R.J. 2003 Nucl. Fusion 43 250) and resistive wall mode experiments (Garofalo A.M., La Haye R.J. and Scoville J.T. 2002 Nucl. Fusion 42 1335) done in DIII-D tokamak plasmas have been interpreted to indicate the presence of a significant anomalous field. New measurements of the magnetic field anomalies of the hardware systems have been made in DIII-D. The measured field anomalies due to the plasma shaping coils in DIII-D are smaller than previously reported (La Haye R.J. and Scoville J.T. 1991 Rev. Sci. Instrum. 612146). Additional evaluations of systematic errors have been made. New measurements of the anomalous fields of the Ohmic heating and toroidal coils have been added. Such detailed in situ measurements of the fields of a tokamak are unique. The anomalous fields from all the coils are one-third the values indicated from the stability experiments (Garofalo et al 2002, Scoville and La Haye 2003). These results indicate limitations in the understanding of the interaction of the plasma with the external field. They indicate that it may not be possible to deduce the anomalous fields in a tokamak from plasma experiments and that we may not have the basis needed to project the error field requirements of future tokamaks.
C1 Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA.
Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
RP Luxon, JL (reprint author), Gen Atom Co, POB 85608, San Diego, CA 92186 USA.
NR 21
TC 53
Z9 53
U1 1
U2 3
PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY
PI VIENNA
PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA
SN 0029-5515
J9 NUCL FUSION
JI Nucl. Fusion
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 43
IS 12
BP 1813
EP 1828
AR PII S0029-5515(03)70602-4
DI 10.1088/0029-5515/43/12/024
PG 16
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA 760MT
UT WOS:000187838300025
ER
PT J
AU Martin, P
Marrelli, L
Spizzo, G
Franz, P
Piovesan, P
Predebon, I
Bolzonella, T
Cappello, S
Cravotta, A
Escande, DF
Frassinetti, L
Ortolani, S
Paccagnella, R
Terranova, D
Chapman, BE
Craig, D
Prager, SC
Sarff, JS
Brunsell, P
Malmberg, JA
Drake, J
Yagi, Y
Koguchi, H
Hirano, Y
White, RB
Sovinec, C
Xiao, C
Nebel, RA
Schnack, DD
AF Martin, P
Marrelli, L
Spizzo, G
Franz, P
Piovesan, P
Predebon, I
Bolzonella, T
Cappello, S
Cravotta, A
Escande, DF
Frassinetti, L
Ortolani, S
Paccagnella, R
Terranova, D
Chapman, BE
Craig, D
Prager, SC
Sarff, JS
Brunsell, P
Malmberg, JA
Drake, J
Yagi, Y
Koguchi, H
Hirano, Y
White, RB
Sovinec, C
Xiao, C
Nebel, RA
Schnack, DD
CA RFX Team
MST Team
EXTRAP T2R Team
TPE-RX Team
TI Overview of quasi-single helicity experiments in reversed field pinches
SO NUCLEAR FUSION
LA English
DT Article
ID TEARING MODES; PLASMA; CORE; RFX; FLUCTUATIONS; CONFINEMENT; RELAXATION;
TRANSPORT; PARADIGM; DYNAMICS
AB We report the results of an experimental and theoretical international project dedicated to the study of quasi-single helicity (QSH) reversed field pinch (RFP) plasmas. The project has involved several RFP devices and numerical codes. It appears that QSH spectra are a robust feature common to all the experiments. Our results expand and reinforce the evidence that the formation of self-organized states with one dominant helical mode (Ohmic SH state) is an approach complementary to that of active control of magnetic turbulence to improve confinement in a steady state RFP.
C1 EURATOM, Consorzio RFX, ENEA Fus, Padua, Italy.
Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
Royal Inst Technol, Div Fus Plasma Phys, EURATOM Assoc, VR, Stockholm, Sweden.
Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Plasma Theory & Computat, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
Univ Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W0, Canada.
Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA.
Sci Applicat Int Corp, San Diego, CA 92121 USA.
RP Martin, P (reprint author), EURATOM, Consorzio RFX, ENEA Fus, Padua, Italy.
EM piero.martin@igi.cnr.it
RI Marrelli, Lionello/G-4451-2013; White, Roscoe/D-1773-2013; Spizzo,
Gianluca/B-7075-2009; Cappello, Susanna/H-9968-2013;
OI Marrelli, Lionello/0000-0001-5370-080X; White,
Roscoe/0000-0002-4239-2685; Spizzo, Gianluca/0000-0001-8586-2168;
Cappello, Susanna/0000-0002-2022-1113; Escande,
Dominique/0000-0002-0460-8385; Frassinetti, Lorenzo/0000-0002-9546-4494
NR 36
TC 78
Z9 78
U1 4
U2 18
PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY
PI VIENNA
PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA
SN 0029-5515
J9 NUCL FUSION
JI Nucl. Fusion
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 43
IS 12
BP 1855
EP 1862
AR PII S0029-5515(03)70605-X
DI 10.1088/0029-5515/43/12/028
PG 8
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA 760MT
UT WOS:000187838300029
ER
PT J
AU Va'vra, J
AF Va'vra, J
TI Physics and chemistry of aging - early developments
SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS
SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT International Workshop on Aging Phenomena in Gaseous Detectors
CY OCT 02-05, 2001
CL HAMBURG, GERMANY
SP DESY
DE chemistry of aging in detectors; detector problems
ID OUTER TRACKER; HERA-B; GASES; DETECTORS; MIXTURES; HELIUM; TUBES; TMAE
AB The aging phenomena are very complex physical and chemical processes. The author attempts to qualitatively discuss various physical processes contributing to aging. A satisfactory quantitative explanation is not presently available. In this sense, little progress has been made since the 1986 LBL Aging Workshop. However, what was accomplished during the past decade is a heightened awareness from the research and management sides to pay more attention to this problem, and as a result a number of aging tests have increased in quantity and quality. These efforts will undoubtedly yield some new results in the future. Examples in this paper are mainly from a "pre-LHC and pre-HERA-B era of aging," where the total charge doses are limited to much less than 1 C/cm. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA.
RP Va'vra, J (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Bin 62,POB 4349, Stanford, CA 94309 USA.
NR 37
TC 24
Z9 25
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-9002
J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A
JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc.
Equip.
PD DEC 1
PY 2003
VL 515
IS 1-2
BP 1
EP 14
DI 10.1016/j.nima.2003.08.124
PG 14
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics,
Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics
GA 749FE
UT WOS:000186907900002
ER
PT J
AU Binkley, M
Wagner, RL
Mukherjee, A
Ambrose, D
Bauer, G
Khazins, DM
Atac, M
AF Binkley, M
Wagner, RL
Mukherjee, A
Ambrose, D
Bauer, G
Khazins, DM
Atac, M
TI Aging in large CDF tracking chambers
SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS
SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT International Workshop on Aging Phenomena in Gaseous Detectors
CY OCT 02-05, 2001
CL HAMBURG, GERMANY
SP DESY
DE aging; wire; chamber; gaseous; clean; alcohol; argon; ethane
AB The experience of the Collider Detector at Fermilab (CDF) with aging in the large axial drift chamber responsible for tracking in the central region is presented. Premature aging in the Run I chamber was observed after only 0.02 C/cm. After cleaning much of the gas system and making modifications to reduce aerosols from the alcohol bubbler, the observed aging rate fell dramatically in test chambers. Considerable effort has been made to better understand the factors that affect aging since the replacement chamber for Run 2 will accumulate about 1.0 C/cm. Current test chambers using the full CDF gas system show aging rates of less than 5%/C/cm. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
MIT, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
RP Binkley, M (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
NR 3
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-9002
J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A
JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc.
Equip.
PD DEC 1
PY 2003
VL 515
IS 1-2
BP 53
EP 59
DI 10.1016/j.nima.2003.08.130
PG 7
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics,
Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics
GA 749FE
UT WOS:000186907900008
ER
PT J
AU Boyarski, AM
AF Boyarski, AM
TI Additives that prevent or reverse cathode aging in drift chambers with
helium-isobutane gas
SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS
SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT International Workshop on Aging Phenomena in Gaseous Detectors
CY OCT 02-05, 2001
CL HAMBURG, GERMANY
SP DESY
DE drift chamber aging; cathode aging; aging cure; reverse aging
AB Noise and Malter breakdown have been studied at high rates in a test chamber with the same cell structure and gas as the BaBar drift chamber. The chamber was first damaged by exposing it to a high source level at an elevated high voltage, until its operating current at normal voltages was only similar to 0. 5 nA/cm. Additives such as water or alcohol allowed the damaged chamber to operate at 25 nA/cm, but when the additive was removed, the operating point reverted to the original low value. However, with 0.024.05% oxygen or 5% carbon dioxide, the chamber could operate at more than 25 nA/cm and continued to operate at this level even after the additive was removed. This shows for the first time that running with an O-2 or CO2 additive at high ionization levels can cure a damaged chamber from breakdown problems. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA.
RP Boyarski, AM (reprint author), Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, MS 95,2575 Sand Hill Rd,Menlo Pk, Stanford, CA 94309 USA.
NR 6
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-9002
J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A
JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc.
Equip.
PD DEC 1
PY 2003
VL 515
IS 1-2
BP 190
EP 195
DI 10.1016/j.nima.2003.08.148
PG 6
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics,
Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics
GA 749FE
UT WOS:000186907900026
ER
PT J
AU Acosta, D
Apollinari, G
Arisaka, K
Bondar, N
Breedon, R
Bujak, A
Bylsma, B
Chester, N
Clare, R
Cline, D
Cousins, R
Cox, T
Dolinsky, S
Durkin, S
Eartly, D
Ivanov, Y
Ferguson, T
Gavrilov, G
Ignatenko, M
Ilie, S
Jiang, C
Ko, W
Korytov, A
Krivshich, A
Kuznetsova, K
Layter, J
Lee, R
Levtchenko, P
Ling, TY
Loveless, D
Lusin, S
Maeshima, K
Madorsky, A
Matthey, C
Matveev, M
von der Mey, M
Mitselmakher, G
Otwinowski, S
Padley, P
Pal, I
Pischalnikov, Y
Prokofiev, O
Razmyslovich, V
Reeder, D
Roberts, J
Schipunov, Y
Smirnov, I
Souvorou, V
Stasko, J
Sun, H
Sytnik, V
Terentyev, N
Tripathi, M
Vavilov, S
Volkov, S
Vorobyov, A
Vorobyov, I
Wang, L
Yarba, V
Zhou, L
Zhu, Z
AF Acosta, D
Apollinari, G
Arisaka, K
Bondar, N
Breedon, R
Bujak, A
Bylsma, B
Chester, N
Clare, R
Cline, D
Cousins, R
Cox, T
Dolinsky, S
Durkin, S
Eartly, D
Ivanov, Y
Ferguson, T
Gavrilov, G
Ignatenko, M
Ilie, S
Jiang, C
Ko, W
Korytov, A
Krivshich, A
Kuznetsova, K
Layter, J
Lee, R
Levtchenko, P
Ling, TY
Loveless, D
Lusin, S
Maeshima, K
Madorsky, A
Matthey, C
Matveev, M
von der Mey, M
Mitselmakher, G
Otwinowski, S
Padley, P
Pal, I
Pischalnikov, Y
Prokofiev, O
Razmyslovich, V
Reeder, D
Roberts, J
Schipunov, Y
Smirnov, I
Souvorou, V
Stasko, J
Sun, H
Sytnik, V
Terentyev, N
Tripathi, M
Vavilov, S
Volkov, S
Vorobyov, A
Vorobyov, I
Wang, L
Yarba, V
Zhou, L
Zhu, Z
TI Aging tests of full-scale CMS muon cathode strip chambers
SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS
SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT International Workshop on Aging Phenomena in Gaseous Detectors
CY OCT 02-05, 2001
CL HAMBURG, GERMANY
SP DESY
DE aging; cathode strip chamber; radiation; CMS
AB Two CNIS production Cathode Strip Chambers were tested for aging effects in a high-radiation environment at the Gamma Irradiation Facility at CERN. The chambers were irradiated over a large area: in total, about 2.1 m(2) or 700 m of wire in each chamber. The 40% Ar + 50% CO2 + 10% CF4 gas mixture was provided by an open-loop gas system for one of the chambers and by a closed-loop re-circulating gas system for the other. After an accumulation of 0.3-0.4 C/cm of a wire, equivalent to about 30-50 years of operation at peak LHC luminosity, no significant changes in gas gain, chamber efficiency and wire signal noise were observed for either of the two chambers. The only consistent signs of aging were a small increase in dark current from similar to2 to similar to10 nA per plane of 600 wires and a decrease of strip-to-strip resistance from 1000 to 10-100 GOmega. Disassembly of the chambers revealed deposits on the cathode planes, while the anode wires remained fairly clean. (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA.
PNPI, Gatchina 188350, Leningrad Dist, Russia.
Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47906 USA.
Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA.
Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland.
Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China.
Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA.
RP Prokofiev, O (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500,MS 316, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
RI Gavrilov, Gennady/C-6260-2013; Ferguson, Thomas/O-3444-2014;
OI Ferguson, Thomas/0000-0001-5822-3731; Dolinsky,
Sergei/0000-0002-2789-453X
NR 2
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-9002
J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A
JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc.
Equip.
PD DEC 1
PY 2003
VL 515
IS 1-2
BP 226
EP 233
DI 10.1016/j.nima.2003.09.002
PG 8
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics,
Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics
GA 749FE
UT WOS:000186907900030
ER
PT J
AU Ferguson, T
Gavrilov, G
Gratchev, V
Dalin, JM
Krivchitch, A
Kuznetsova, E
Lebedev, V
Lobachev, E
Polychronakos, V
Schipunov, L
Tchernjatin, V
AF Ferguson, T
Gavrilov, G
Gratchev, V
Dalin, JM
Krivchitch, A
Kuznetsova, E
Lebedev, V
Lobachev, E
Polychronakos, V
Schipunov, L
Tchernjatin, V
TI Swelling phenomena in anode wires aging under a high accumulated dose
SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS
SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT International Workshop on Aging Phenomena in Gaseous Detectors
CY OCT 02-05, 2001
CL HAMBURG, GERMANY
SP DESY
DE aging; intensive irradiation; wire swelling; oxidation; tungsten
ID TUBES
AB We present results from an aging investigation of straw drift-tubes placed under sustained irradiation from a 2 Ci Sr-90 beta-source. The aging phenomenon of gold-plated tungsten wires with diameters 25, 30 and 35 mum with accumulated charges up to 9 C/cm was studied thoroughly. Aging tests were carried out with different gas mixtures: 70% Xe + 10% CO2+20% CF4, 60% Ar+30% CO2+10% CF4, 40% Ar+40% CO2+20% C2H2F4, and 60% Ar+30% CO2+ 10% C2H2F4. As a result of the aging process, the gold coating on the wires was damaged, and the wire diameter increased. For the first two gas mixtures, the wire swelling effect was concentrated only in the center of the irradiated zone. In comparison, the performance deterioration in the mixtures containing C2H2F4 proved to be quite different. The gold coating on the wires was damaged, but outside the irradiating area. Large deposits were found on the wire surface, both in the vicinity of the irradiated zone and downstream of the gas flow. All deposits contained tungsten and oxygen, resulting in the local increase of the wire diameter by 36% (from 30 to 41 mum). Our data show that both aforementioned aging effects have a similar reason: the swelling of the wire material that creates forces within the anode wire and cracks the gold coating. (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 Russian Acad Sci, Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, Gatchina 188300, St Petersburg D, Russia.
Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland.
RP Krivchitch, A (reprint author), Russian Acad Sci, Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, Gatchina 188300, St Petersburg D, Russia.
RI Gavrilov, Gennady/C-6260-2013; Ferguson, Thomas/O-3444-2014
OI Ferguson, Thomas/0000-0001-5822-3731
NR 6
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-9002
J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A
JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc.
Equip.
PD DEC 1
PY 2003
VL 515
IS 1-2
BP 266
EP 277
DI 10.1016/j.nima.2003.09.009
PG 12
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics,
Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics
GA 749FE
UT WOS:000186907900037
ER
PT J
AU Lau, K
Atiya, M
Broemmelsiek, D
Hamacher, T
Ispiryan, M
Korpar, S
Krizan, P
Maas, P
McGill, J
Pyrlik, J
Reeves, K
Rose, P
Rosen, J
Schwarz, AS
Schwitters, R
Staric, M
AF Lau, K
Atiya, M
Broemmelsiek, D
Hamacher, T
Ispiryan, M
Korpar, S
Krizan, P
Maas, P
McGill, J
Pyrlik, J
Reeves, K
Rose, P
Rosen, J
Schwarz, AS
Schwitters, R
Staric, M
TI Test-beam aging studies of a TMAE prototype for the HERA-B RICH
SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS
SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT International Workshop on Aging Phenomena in Gaseous Detectors
CY OCT 02-05, 2001
CL HAMBURG, GERMANY
SP DESY
DE aging; TMAE; HERA-B; RICH
AB The aging properties of a wire chamber, operating in a methane/TMAE gas mixture, were studied in a beam test. We emphasize here the precautions taken to minimize aging due to materials used in the chamber, and the redundancy in the design of the test. We compare our aging results to those recorded in the literature and find good agreement in the overall aging properties as a function of dose. We also report the results of increasing the high voltage of the aged chamber to restore the gain. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Houston, Dept Phys, Houston, TX 77204 USA.
BNL, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
Univ Maribor, SLO-2000 Maribor, Slovenia.
Stefan Inst, Ljubljana 1001, Slovenia.
Univ Ljubljana, Ljubljana 1001, Slovenia.
DESY, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany.
RP Lau, K (reprint author), Univ Houston, Dept Phys, 3800 Calhoun Blvd, Houston, TX 77204 USA.
OI Krizan, Peter/0000-0002-4967-7675
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-9002
J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A
JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc.
Equip.
PD DEC 1
PY 2003
VL 515
IS 1-2
BP 313
EP 318
DI 10.1016/j.nima.2003.09.016
PG 6
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics,
Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics
GA 749FE
UT WOS:000186907900044
ER
PT J
AU Anulli, F
Baldini, R
Band, H
Bionta, R
Brau, J
Brigljevic, V
Buzzo, A
Calcaterra, A
Carpinelli, M
Cartaro, T
Cavallo, N
Crosetti, G
De Nardo, G
De Sangro, R
Eichenbaum, A
Falciai, D
Fabozzi, F
Ferroni, F
Finocchiaro, G
Forti, F
Frey, R
Johnson, J
Gatto, C
Grauges-Pous, E
Iwasaki, M
Lange, D
Lista, L
Lo Vetere, M
Lu, C
Neal, H
Neri, N
Macri, M
Messener, B
Monge, MR
Moore, T
Morganti, S
Palano, A
Paoloni, E
Paolucci, P
Passaggio, S
Pastore, F
Patrignani, C
Patteri, P
Peruzzi, I
Piccolo, D
Piccolo, M
Piredda, G
Pompili, A
Robutti, E
Roodman, A
Santroni, A
Sciacca, C
Sinev, N
Soha, A
Storm, D
Tosi, S
Va'vra, J
Xie, Y
Wright, D
Wisniewski, W
AF Anulli, F
Baldini, R
Band, H
Bionta, R
Brau, J
Brigljevic, V
Buzzo, A
Calcaterra, A
Carpinelli, M
Cartaro, T
Cavallo, N
Crosetti, G
De Nardo, G
De Sangro, R
Eichenbaum, A
Falciai, D
Fabozzi, F
Ferroni, F
Finocchiaro, G
Forti, F
Frey, R
Johnson, J
Gatto, C
Grauges-Pous, E
Iwasaki, M
Lange, D
Lista, L
Lo Vetere, M
Lu, C
Neal, H
Neri, N
Macri, M
Messener, B
Monge, MR
Moore, T
Morganti, S
Palano, A
Paoloni, E
Paolucci, P
Passaggio, S
Pastore, F
Patrignani, C
Patteri, P
Peruzzi, I
Piccolo, D
Piccolo, M
Piredda, G
Pompili, A
Robutti, E
Roodman, A
Santroni, A
Sciacca, C
Sinev, N
Soha, A
Storm, D
Tosi, S
Va'vra, J
Xie, Y
Wright, D
Wisniewski, W
TI Performances of RPCs in the BaBar experiment
SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS
SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT International Workshop on Aging Phenomena in Gaseous Detectors
CY OCT 02-05, 2001
CL HAMBURG, GERMANY
SP DESY
DE BaBar; RPCs; IFR
AB The BaBar experiment uses a big system based on RPC detectors to discriminate muons from pions and to identify neutral hadrons. About 2000 m(2) of RPC chambers have been working at SLAC since the end of 1998. We report on the performances of the RPC chambers focusing on new problems discovered in the RPC behaviour. These problems started very soon after the installation of the chambers on the detector when the high-ambient temperature triggered an increase of dark currents inside the chambers and a reduction of the efficiency. Careful analysis of the BaBar data and dedicated R&D efforts in the laboratory have helped to identify the main source of the trouble in the linseed oil varnish on the bakelite electrodes. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy.
Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
Univ Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA.
Univ Genoa, Dipartimento Fis, I-16146 Genoa, Italy.
Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-16146 Genoa, Italy.
Univ Pisa, Scuola Normale Super Pisa, I-56010 Pisa, Italy.
Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56010 Pisa, Italy.
Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Sci Fisiche, I-80126 Naples, Italy.
Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartmento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy.
Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-00185 Rome, Italy.
Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06511 USA.
Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA.
Univ Bari, Dipartmento Fis, I-70126 Bari, Italy.
Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-70126 Bari, Italy.
RP Piccolo, D (reprint author), Complesso Univ Monte S Angelo, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Napoli, Via Cintia, I-80126 Naples, Italy.
RI Lista, Luca/C-5719-2008; Forti, Francesco/H-3035-2011; Neri,
Nicola/G-3991-2012; Cavallo, Nicola/F-8913-2012; Monge, Maria
Roberta/G-9127-2012; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/J-5049-2012; Calcaterra,
Alessandro/P-5260-2015; Frey, Raymond/E-2830-2016; Patrignani,
Claudia/C-5223-2009;
OI Forti, Francesco/0000-0001-6535-7965; Neri, Nicola/0000-0002-6106-3756;
Monge, Maria Roberta/0000-0003-1633-3195; Lo Vetere,
Maurizio/0000-0002-6520-4480; Calcaterra,
Alessandro/0000-0003-2670-4826; Frey, Raymond/0000-0003-0341-2636;
Paoloni, Eugenio/0000-0001-5969-8712; Patrignani,
Claudia/0000-0002-5882-1747; Carpinelli, Massimo/0000-0002-8205-930X;
Sciacca, Crisostomo/0000-0002-8412-4072
NR 4
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-9002
J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A
JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc.
Equip.
PD DEC 1
PY 2003
VL 515
IS 1-2
BP 322
EP 327
DI 10.1016/j.nima.2003.09.018
PG 6
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics,
Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics
GA 749FE
UT WOS:000186907900046
ER
PT J
AU Va'vra, J
AF Va'vra, J
TI Summary of session 6: aging effects in RPC detectors
SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS
SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
LA English
DT Editorial Material
AB Resistive Plate Chamber (RPC) detectors are a very important part of present and future large-scale experiments. The present B-factory experiments, Belle and BaBar, operate at much larger luminosity (> 3 x 10(33) cm(-2) s(-1)) compared to their predecessors at LEP, where the RPC rates were not much higher than cosmic ray rates. Both Belle and BaBar RPC detectors operate in streamer mode. On the other hand, the LHC RPC detectors will operate in proportional mode, which is advantageous in terms of lower accumulated charge per track; however, it may be offset by considerably higher rates, assuming that the aging scales simply as total accumulated charge. The fear that the LHC RPC detectors may encounter similar difficulties as the B-factory RPCs prompted a very intensive R&D effort of rate-related deterioration. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA.
RP Va'vra, J (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, SLAC Bin 62,POB 4349, Stanford, CA 94309 USA.
NR 5
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-9002
J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A
JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc.
Equip.
PD DEC 1
PY 2003
VL 515
IS 1-2
BP 354
EP 357
DI 10.1016/j.nima.2003.09.023
PG 4
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics,
Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics
GA 749FE
UT WOS:000186907900051
ER
PT J
AU Feldman, LC
Lupke, G
Tolk, NH
Lopez, R
Haglund, RF
Haynes, TE
Boatner, LA
AF Feldman, LC
Lupke, G
Tolk, NH
Lopez, R
Haglund, RF
Haynes, TE
Boatner, LA
TI Particle-solid interactions and 21st century materials science
SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM
INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 20th International Conference on Atomic Collisions in Solids
CY JAN 19-24, 2003
CL PURI, INDIA
SP Univ Hyderabad, Int Phys, Board Res Nucl Sci, Dept Sci & Technol, Coundil Sci & Ind Res, Def Res & Dev Org, Abdus Salam Int Ctr Theoret Phys
ID TRANSITION; VO2
AB The basic physics that governs the interaction of energetic ion beams with solids has its roots in the atomic and nuclear physics of the last century. The central formalism of Jens Lindhard, describing the "particle-solid interaction", provides a valuable quantitative guide to statistically meaningful quantities such as energy loss, ranges, range straggling, channeling effects, sputtering coefficients, and damage intensity and profiles. Modern materials modification (nanoscience, solid state dynamics) requires atomic scale control of the particle-solid interaction. Two recent experimental examples are discussed: (1) the control of the size distribution of nanocrystals formed in implanted materials and (2) the investigation of the site-specific implantation of hydrogen into silicon. Both cases illustrate unique solid-state configurations, created by ion implantation, that address issues of current materials science interest. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.
Coll William & Mary, Dept Appl Sci, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Phys Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Feldman, LC (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, 221 Kirkland Hall, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.
EM leonard.c.feldman@vanderbilt.edu
RI Lopez, Rene/G-3734-2014; Haynes, Tony/P-8932-2015; Boatner,
Lynn/I-6428-2013
OI Lopez, Rene/0000-0001-6274-066X; Haynes, Tony/0000-0003-2871-4745;
Boatner, Lynn/0000-0002-0235-7594
NR 22
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-583X
J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B
JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 212
BP 1
EP 7
DI 10.1016/S0168-583X(03)01834-2
PG 7
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics,
Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics
GA 745DL
UT WOS:000186673700002
ER
PT J
AU Rehn, LE
Birtcher, RC
Baldo, PM
McCormick, AW
Funk, L
AF Rehn, LE
Birtcher, RC
Baldo, PM
McCormick, AW
Funk, L
TI Shock-wave production of nanoparticles during high-energy ion sputtering
SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM
INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 20th International Conference on Atomic Collisions in Solids
CY JAN 19-24, 2003
CL PURI, INDIA
SP Univ Hyderabad, Int Phys, Board Res Nucl Sci, Dept Sci & Technol, Coundil Sci & Ind Res, Def Res & Dev Org, Abdus Salam Int Ctr Theoret Phys
ID CLUSTERS; DISTRIBUTIONS; BOMBARDMENT; SILVER
AB Several previous studies have shown that the size distributions of smaller nanoparticles (n less than or equal to 40 where n is the number of atoms in a given cluster) generated by ion sputtering obey an inverse power law, with an exponent varying between -8 and -4, dependent upon the total sputtering yield. Such large negative exponents have not been explained by any simple physical mechanism. We reported electron microscopy studies of the size distributions of the larger nanoparticles (n > 500) that are sputtered from the surface by high-energy ion impacts. These measurements also yielded an inverse power law, but one with an exponent of -2, and one that is independent of total sputtering yield. This inverse-square dependence indicates that the clusters are produced when shock waves, generated by sub-surface displacement cascades, impact and ablate the surface. Many smaller clusters can result from fragmentation of these larger ones, which helps explain the large negative exponents that have been reported previously. In this paper, we briefly review the previous results. In addition, we present new results demonstrating that the same inverse-square size distribution is generated in both transmission and reflection sputtering geometries.
An important corollary from these results is that the sputtered nanoparticles consist of simple fragments of the original surface, that is particles which have not experienced any large thermal excursions. Hence high-energy ion sputtering should provide a convenient method for synthesizing a broad distribution of nanoparticles of a wide variety of alloy phases. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Rehn, LE (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM rehn@anl.gov
NR 13
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-583X
J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B
JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 212
BP 326
EP 331
DI 10.1016/S0168-583X(03)01423-X
PG 6
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics,
Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics
GA 745DL
UT WOS:000186673700055
ER
PT J
AU Miller, RB
Loda, G
Miller, RC
Smith, R
Shimer, D
Seidt, C
MacArt, M
Mohr, H
Robison, G
Creely, P
Bautista, J
Oliva, T
Young, LM
DuBois, D
AF Miller, RB
Loda, G
Miller, RC
Smith, R
Shimer, D
Seidt, C
MacArt, M
Mohr, H
Robison, G
Creely, P
Bautista, J
Oliva, T
Young, LM
DuBois, D
TI A high-power electron linear accelerator for food irradiation
applications
SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM
INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
LA English
DT Article
DE accelerators; radiating processing; food irradiation
AB The design and testing of a new microwave linac system is described. For electron beam kinetic energies in the range of 5-10 MeV, the average beam power capability exceeds 100 kW. A 5-MeV structure, consisting of 6.5 accelerating cells and six coupling cells, has been constructed and tested using a new inductive store/IGCT-switched modulator. This linac system has operated at maximum parameters of 4.7 MeV and 115 kW. It is presently installed and validated for food irradiation usage at the 100 kW level. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 SureBeam Corp, San Diego, CA 92121 USA.
Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Mech Design & Anal Inc, Park City, UT 84098 USA.
RP Miller, RB (reprint author), SureBeam Corp, Suite 600,9276 Scranton Rd, San Diego, CA 92121 USA.
NR 14
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-583X
J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B
JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 211
IS 4
BP 562
EP 570
DI 10.1016/S0168-583X(03)01515-5
PG 9
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics,
Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics
GA 741QK
UT WOS:000186468600014
ER
PT J
AU Langanke, K
Dean, DJ
Nazarewicz, W
AF Langanke, K
Dean, DJ
Nazarewicz, W
TI Shell model Monte Carlo studies of nuclei in the A similar to 80 mass
region
SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A
LA English
DT Article
ID SHAPE COEXISTENCE; MICROSCOPIC ASPECTS; RICH NUCLEI; DEFORMATION
AB We perform shell model Monte Carlo calculations for proton-rich Kr, Sr, and Zr isotopes in the mass range A = 72-84. We employ a complete 1p0f - 0g1d2s configuration space and an effective quadrupole-plus-pairing residual interaction. Our calculation reproduces the large B(E2) values observed in these nuclei. We relate these values to the gain in correlation energy obtained by moving nucleons across the N = 40 subshell closure into G(9/2) orbitals. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Aarhus Univ, Inst Phys & Astron, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
Univ Warsaw, Inst Theoret Phys, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland.
RP Langanke, K (reprint author), Aarhus Univ, Inst Phys & Astron, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
OI Dean, David/0000-0002-5688-703X
NR 28
TC 39
Z9 40
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0375-9474
J9 NUCL PHYS A
JI Nucl. Phys. A
PD DEC 1
PY 2003
VL 728
IS 1-2
BP 109
EP 117
DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.08.024
PG 9
WC Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA 737CA
UT WOS:000186209700007
ER
PT J
AU Schafer, T
AF Schafer, T
TI Hard loops, soft loops, and high density effective field theory
SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A
LA English
DT Article
ID QUARK MATTER; GENERAL-THEORY; ELECTRON-GAS; QCD; PARTICLES;
SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; COLLISIONS; SYSTEMS; ENERGY; PLASMA
AB We study several issues related to the use of effective field theories in QCD at large baryon density. We show that the power counting is complicated by the appearance of two scales inside loop integrals. Hard dense loops involve the large scale mu(2) and lead to phenomena such as screening and damping at the scale gmu. Soft loops only involve small scales and lead to superfluidity and non-Fermi liquid behavior at exponentially small scales. Four-fermion operators in the effective theory are suppressed by powers of 1/mu, but they get enhanced by hard loops. As a consequence their contribution to the pairing gap is only suppressed by powers of the coupling constant, and not powers of 1/mu. We determine the coefficients of four-fermion operators in the effective theory by matching quark-quark scattering amplitudes. Finally, we introduce a perturbative scheme for computing corrections to the gap parameter in the superfluid phase. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC USA.
Brookhaven Natl Lab, Riken BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC USA.
EM thomas.schaefer@sunysb.edu
OI Schaefer, Thomas/0000-0002-2297-782X
NR 50
TC 41
Z9 42
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0375-9474
EI 1873-1554
J9 NUCL PHYS A
JI Nucl. Phys. A
PD DEC 1
PY 2003
VL 728
IS 1-2
BP 251
EP 271
DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.08.028
PG 21
WC Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA 737CA
UT WOS:000186209700014
ER
PT J
AU Forsberg, CW
AF Forsberg, CW
TI Molten-salt-cooled advanced high-temperature reactor for production of
hydrogen and electricity
SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE molten salt; high-temperature reactor; hydrogen production
AB The molten-salt-cooled Advanced High-Temperature Reactor (AHTR) is a new reactor concept designed to provide very high-temperature (750 to 1000degreesC) heat to enable efficient low-cost thermochemical production of hydrogen (H-2) or production of electricity. This paper provides an initial description and technical analysis of its key features. The proposed AHTR uses coated-particle graphite-matrix fuel similar to that used in high-temperature gas-cooled reactors (HTGRs), such as the General Atomics gas turbine-modular helium reactor. However, unlike the HTGRs, the AHTR uses a molten-salt coolant and a pool configuration, similar to that of the General Electric Super Power Reactor Inherently Safe Module (S-PRISM) liquid-metal reactor. Because the boiling points for molten fluoride salts are near similar to1400degreesC, the reactor can operate at very high temperatures and atmospheric pressure. For thermochemical H-2 production, the heat is delivered at the required near-constant high temperature and low pressure. For electricity production, a multireheat helium Brayton (gas-turbine) cycle, with efficiencies >50%, is used. The low-pressure molten-salt coolant, with its high heat capacity and natural circulation heat transfer capability, creates the potential for robust safety (including fully passive decay-heat removal) and improved economics with passive safety systems that allow higher power densities and scaling to large reactor sizes [>1000 MW(electric)].
C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Forsberg, CW (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Technol, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RI Cai, Jinling/M-3943-2013
OI Cai, Jinling/0000-0003-0588-6456
NR 24
TC 70
Z9 73
U1 2
U2 18
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA
SN 0029-5450
J9 NUCL TECHNOL
JI Nucl. Technol.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 144
IS 3
BP 289
EP 302
PG 14
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 743PP
UT WOS:000186583000002
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, JS
Li, N
AF Zhang, JS
Li, N
TI Improved application of local models to steel corrosion in lead-bismuth
loops
SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE lead-bismuth eutectic; corrosion model; loop flow
ID LIQUID LEAD; FLOW; OXYGEN; ALLOYS
AB The corrosion of steels exposed to flowing liquid metals is influenced by local and global conditions of flow systems. The present study improves the previous local models when applied to closed loops by incorporating some global condition effects. In particular the bulk corrosion product concentration is calculated based on balancing the dissolution and precipitation in the entire closed loop. Mass transfer expressions developed in aqueous medium and an analytical expression are tested in the liquid-metal environments. The improved model is applied to a pure lead loop and produces results closer to the experimental data than the previous local models do. The model is also applied to a lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE) test loop. Systematic studies illustrate the effects of the flow rate, the oxygen concentration in LBE, and the temperature profile on the corrosion rate.
C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Zhang, JS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, MS-B258,POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RI Zhang, Jinsuo/H-4717-2012
OI Zhang, Jinsuo/0000-0002-3412-7769
NR 16
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA
SN 0029-5450
J9 NUCL TECHNOL
JI Nucl. Technol.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 144
IS 3
BP 379
EP 387
PG 9
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 743PP
UT WOS:000186583000008
ER
PT J
AU Lazarov, RD
Pasciak, JE
Schoberl, J
Vassilevski, PS
AF Lazarov, RD
Pasciak, JE
Schoberl, J
Vassilevski, PS
TI Almost optimal interior penalty discontinuous approximations of
symmetric elliptic problems on non-matching grids
SO NUMERISCHE MATHEMATIK
LA English
DT Article
ID FINITE-ELEMENT-METHOD; PRECONDITIONERS; CONSTRUCTION
AB We consider an interior penalty discontinuous approximation for symmetric elliptic problems of second order on non-matching grids in this paper. The main result is an almost optimal error estimate for the interior penalty approximation of the original problem based on partitioning of the domain into a finite number of subdomains. Further, an error analysis for the finite element approximation of the penalty formulation is given. Finally, numerical experiments on a series of model second order problems are presented.
C1 Texas A&M Univ, Dept Math, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
Johannes Kepler Univ Linz, Inst Math, A-4040 Linz, Austria.
Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Appl Sci Comp, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Sci Comp Res, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Texas A&M Univ, Dept Math, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
EM lazarov@math.tamu.edu; pasciak@math.tamu.edu;
joachim@sfb013.uni-linz.ac.at; panayot@llnl.gov
RI Lazarov, Raytcho/B-8395-2015
OI Lazarov, Raytcho/0000-0002-4911-3685
NR 28
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 0029-599X
EI 0945-3245
J9 NUMER MATH
JI Numer. Math.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 96
IS 2
BP 295
EP 315
DI 10.1007/s00211-003-0476-7
PG 21
WC Mathematics, Applied
SC Mathematics
GA 747WY
UT WOS:000186830100005
ER
PT J
AU Liu, C
Assoufid, L
Conley, R
Macrander, AT
Ice, GE
Tischler, ZJ
AF Liu, C
Assoufid, L
Conley, R
Macrander, AT
Ice, GE
Tischler, ZJ
TI Profile coating and its application for Kirkpatrick-Baez mirrors
SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE x-ray optics; KB mirrors; microfocusing; sputter deposition; profile
coating; LTP metrology; ellipsometry
ID ACCURACY; ESRF
AB For microfocusing x-ray mirrors, an elliptical shape is essential for aberration-free optics. However, it is difficult to polish elliptical mirrors to x-ray quality smoothness. A differential coating method to convert a cylindrical mirror to an elliptical one has been previously reported. The coating was obtained by varying the sputter source power over a moving substrate. Here we report a new method of profile coat sputter source power is kept constant, while the substrate is passed over a contoured mask at a constant speed to obtain a desired profile along the direction perpendicular to the direction of substrate motion. The shape of the contour depends on the desired profile and the thickness distribution directly above the gun at the substrate level. The thickness distribution was measured on films coated on Si wafers using a spectroscopic ellipsometer with computer-controlled X-Y translation stages. A model was developed to fit the measured thickness distribution, which determines the relative thickness weightings. When the substrate moves during a deposition, the film thickness is proportional to the length of the opening on the shield can along the direction of motion. By equating the sum of relative weightings to the required relative thickness at the same position, the length of the opening at that position can be determined. By repeating the same process for the whole length of the required profile, a contour can be obtained for a desired thickness profile. The number of passes and the speed of the substrate are determined according to the required thickness and the growth-rate calibration of a test run. The mirror coating profile is determined from the difference between the ideal surface figure of a focus ellipse and the surface figure obtained from a long-trace profiler measurement on the substrate. A Kirkpatrick-Baez (KB) mirror pair was made using Au as a coating material and cylindrically polished mirrors as substrates. Synchrotron x-ray results using this KB mirror pair showed a focused spot size of 0.4X0.4 mum(2). (C) 2003 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers.
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Expt Facil Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Liu, C (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Expt Facil Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM cliu@aps.anl.gov
RI Conley, Ray/C-2622-2013
NR 16
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 0
U2 8
PU SPIE-INT SOCIETY OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA
SN 0091-3286
J9 OPT ENG
JI Opt. Eng.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 42
IS 12
BP 3622
EP 3628
DI 10.1117/1.1625381
PG 7
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 764XU
UT WOS:000188232600037
ER
PT J
AU Milonni, PW
Maclay, GJ
AF Milonni, PW
Maclay, GJ
TI Quantized-field description of light in negative-index media
SO OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE negative refraction; field quantization in dielectrics
AB Using a quantized-field approach, we show how radiative recoil, the Doppler effect, and spontaneous and stimulated radiation rates are affected when the radiator is embedded in a host medium having a negative index of refraction. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Div T DOT, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Quantum Fields LLC, Richland Ctr, WI 53581 USA.
RP Milonni, PW (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Div T DOT, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
NR 8
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0030-4018
J9 OPT COMMUN
JI Opt. Commun.
PD DEC 1
PY 2003
VL 228
IS 1-3
BP 161
EP 165
DI 10.1016/j.optcom.2003.09.080
PG 5
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 743RA
UT WOS:000186586300022
ER
PT J
AU Krupke, WF
Beach, RJ
Kanz, VK
Payne, SA
AF Krupke, WF
Beach, RJ
Kanz, VK
Payne, SA
TI Resonance transition 795-nm rubidium laser
SO OPTICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID ALKALI ATOMS; COLLISIONS; VAPOR
AB Population inversion of the P-2(1/2) and S-2(1/2) levels and continuous-wave, three-level laser oscillation at 795 nm on the D-1 transition of the rubidium atom has been demonstrated. Using a titanium sapphire laser as a pump source, we obtained a slope power efficiency of 54% relative to absorbed pump power, consistent with homogeneous broadening of the rubidium pump and laser transitions. The end-pumped rubidium laser performance was well described by use of literature spectroscopic and kinetic data in a model that takes into account ground-level depletion and a pump spectral bandwidth that is substantially larger than the collisionally broadened pump transition spectral width. (C) 2003 Optical Society of America.
C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RP Krupke, WF (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
NR 13
TC 220
Z9 252
U1 2
U2 17
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0146-9592
J9 OPT LETT
JI Opt. Lett.
PD DEC 1
PY 2003
VL 28
IS 23
BP 2336
EP 2338
DI 10.1364/OL.28.002336
PG 3
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 746EW
UT WOS:000186734900018
PM 14680174
ER
PT J
AU Bernstein, AC
Diels, JC
Luk, TS
Nelson, TR
McPherson, A
Cameron, SM
AF Bernstein, AC
Diels, JC
Luk, TS
Nelson, TR
McPherson, A
Cameron, SM
TI Time-resolved measurements of self-focusing pulses in air
SO OPTICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID FEMTOSECOND LASER-PULSES; CONTINUUM GENERATION; MOVING-FOCUS;
PROPAGATION; FILAMENTATION; DEPENDENCE
AB The spatial, spectral, and temporal properties of self-focusing 798-nm 100-fs pulses in air are experimentally measured with high-resolution, single-shot techniques at a set propagation distance of 10.91 m. The data, obtained with an initially collimated Gaussian beam, show significant evolution of spatial narrowing as well as temporal and spectral changes at intensities lower than those required for significant ionization of air. (C) 2003 Optical Society of America.
C1 Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Bernstein, AC (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys, 800 Yale Blvd NE, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
NR 16
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 1
U2 2
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0146-9592
J9 OPT LETT
JI Opt. Lett.
PD DEC 1
PY 2003
VL 28
IS 23
BP 2354
EP 2356
DI 10.1364/OL.28.002354
PG 3
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 746EW
UT WOS:000186734900024
PM 14680180
ER
PT J
AU Yamakawa, K
Barty, CPJ
AF Yamakawa, K
Barty, CPJ
TI Two-color chirped-pulse amplification in an ultrabroadband Ti : sapphire
ring regenerative amplifier
SO OPTICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID GENERATION; LASER; COMPRESSION
AB We have developed a high-energy, ultrabroadband Ti:sapphire ring regenerative amplifier capable of producing in excess of 20-mJ output at a 10-Hz repetition rate. The technique of chirped-pulse amplification is used to generate two-color, time-synchronized pulses with central wavelength separations of up to similar to120 nm and with a total energy of 10 mJ by use of a regenerative pulse-shaping technique. Mid-infrared pulses tunable from 6 to 11 mum are generated by difference frequency mixing the two-color outputs. (C) 2003 Optical Society of America.
C1 Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Kansai Res Estab, Adv Photon Res Ctr, Kyoto 6190215, Japan.
Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RP Yamakawa, K (reprint author), Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Kansai Res Estab, Adv Photon Res Ctr, 8-1 Umemidai, Kyoto 6190215, Japan.
NR 12
TC 27
Z9 27
U1 1
U2 3
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0146-9592
J9 OPT LETT
JI Opt. Lett.
PD DEC 1
PY 2003
VL 28
IS 23
BP 2402
EP 2404
DI 10.1364/OL.28.002402
PG 3
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 746EW
UT WOS:000186734900040
PM 14680196
ER
PT J
AU Ben-Naim, E
Krapivsky, PL
Vazquez, F
Redner, S
AF Ben-Naim, E
Krapivsky, PL
Vazquez, F
Redner, S
TI Unity and discord in opinion dynamics
SO PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT International Workshop in honor of Shlomo Havlins 60th Birthday
CY JAN 05-09, 2003
CL ELAT, ISRAEL
DE opinion dynamics; bifurcations; voter model; Glauber kinetics
ID ISING-MODEL; STATISTICS; EVOLUTION
AB We study opinion dynamics models where agents evolve via repeated pairwise interactions. In the compromise model, agents with sufficiently close real-valued opinions average their opinions. A steady state is reached with a finite number of isolated, noninteracting opinion clusters ("parties"). As the initial opinion range increases, the number of such parties undergoes a periodic bifurcation sequence, with alternating major and minor parties. In the constrained voter model, there are leftists, centrists, and rightists. A centrist and an extremist can both become centrists or extremists in an interaction, while leftists and rightists do not affect each other. The final state is either consensus or a frozen population of leftists and rightists. The evolution in one dimension is mapped onto a constrained spin-1 Ising chain with zero-temperature Glauber kinetics. The approach to the final state exhibits a nonuniversal long-time tail. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Boston Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Biodynam, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
Boston Univ, Ctr Polymer Studies, Ctr Biodynam, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
RP Redner, S (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RI Ben-Naim, Eli/C-7542-2009; Krapivsky, Pavel/A-4612-2014
OI Ben-Naim, Eli/0000-0002-2444-7304;
NR 26
TC 34
Z9 34
U1 0
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0378-4371
J9 PHYSICA A
JI Physica A
PD DEC 1
PY 2003
VL 330
IS 1-2
BP 99
EP 106
DI 10.1016/j.physa.2003.08.027
PG 8
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 753HH
UT WOS:000187225600015
ER
PT J
AU Siegal, MP
Dawley, JT
Clem, PG
Overmyer, DL
AF Siegal, MP
Dawley, JT
Clem, PG
Overmyer, DL
TI Improving chemical solution deposited YBa2Cu3O7-delta film properties
via high heating rates
SO PHYSICA C-SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
ID CRITICAL-CURRENT DENSITY; THIN-FILMS; GROWTH; SUPERCONDUCTORS;
BA2YCU3O7-X; LAALO3(100); FABRICATION; CONDUCTORS; MORPHOLOGY
AB The superconducting and structural properties of YBa2Cu3O7-delta (YBCO) films grown from chemical solution deposited (CSD) metallofluoride-based precursors improve by using high heating rates to the desired growth temperature. This is due to avoiding the nucleation of undesirable a-axis grains at lower temperatures, from 650 to 800 degreesC in p(O-2) = 0.1%. Minimizing time spent in this range during the temperature ramp of the ex situ growth process depresses a-axis grain growth in favor of the desired c-axis orientation. Using optimized conditions, this results in high-quality YBCO films on LaAlO3(1 0 0) with J(c)(77 K) similar to 3 MA/cm(2) for films thicknesses ranging from 60 to 140 nm. In particular, there is a dramatic decrease in a-axis grains in coated-conductors grown on CSD Nb-doped SrTiO3 (1 0 0) buffered Ni(1 0 0) tapes. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87145 USA.
RP Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,M-S 1421, Albuquerque, NM 87145 USA.
EM mpsiega@sandia.gov
NR 20
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0921-4534
EI 1873-2143
J9 PHYSICA C
JI Physica C
PD DEC 1
PY 2003
VL 399
IS 3-4
BP 143
EP 150
DI 10.1016/S0921-4534(03)01304-2
PG 8
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 747PF
UT WOS:000186812700007
ER
PT J
AU Chen, J
Bhattacharya, RN
AF Chen, J
Bhattacharya, RN
TI Growth of 1-2 mu m thick biaxially textured Bi-2212 films on (100)
LaAlO3 single crystal substrates by electrodeposition
SO PHYSICA C-SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Bi2Sr2Ca1Cu2Ox; critical current density; melt process
ID INTERMEDIATE ROLLING PROCESS; SUPERCONDUCTORS; TAPES; MGO; BOUNDARIES
AB High quality Bi2Sr2Ca1Cu2Ox (Bi-2212) films with thickness around 1-2 mum have been grown on (1 0 0) LaAlO3 single crystal substrates using an electrodeposition technique, followed by a melt quench and annealing process. X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements of the final films indicated that the films were almost pure biaxially textured Bi-2212 films. The full width at half maximum (FWHM) of omega and phi scans were about 1.7degrees and 1.1degrees, respectively. In magnetization measurements, T-c of 79 K and J(c) of 0.58 MA/cm(2) (4.2 K, 0 T) and 44 kA/cm(2) (50 K, 0 T) were observed. The mechanism of the convention of Bi-2201 phase to Bi-2212 phase during the annealing process was discussed, the length scale for the current flow in Bi-2212 film was calculated from the differential susceptibility dm/dH during repenetration of magnetic field, and the residual stress in the films were estimated from XRD 0-20 scans. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Chen, J (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
NR 19
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0921-4534
J9 PHYSICA C
JI Physica C
PD DEC 1
PY 2003
VL 399
IS 3-4
BP 171
EP 177
DI 10.1016/S0921-4534(03)01309-1
PG 7
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 747PF
UT WOS:000186812700011
ER
PT J
AU Kim, KH
Norton, DP
Budai, JD
Chisholm, MF
Sales, BC
Christen, DK
Cantoni, C
AF Kim, KH
Norton, DP
Budai, JD
Chisholm, MF
Sales, BC
Christen, DK
Cantoni, C
TI Epitaxial structure and transport in LaTiO3+x films on (001)SrTiO3
SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI A-APPLICATIONS AND MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID MOTT-INSULATOR; SR1-XLAXTIO3; PEROVSKITES; TRANSITION
AB The structure and transport proper-ties of LaTiO3+x epitaxial thin films grown on (001) SrTiO3 by pulsed-laser deposition is examined. Four-circle X-ray diffraction indicates that the films possess the defect perovskite LaTiO3 structure when deposited in vacuum, with the higher X compounds forming at moderate oxygen pressures. The crystal structure of the LaTiO3 films is tetragonal in the epitaxial films, in contrast to the orthorhombic structure observed in bulk materials. A domain structure is observed in the films, consisting of LaTiO3 oriented either with the [110] or [001] directions perpendicular to the substrate Surface. Z-contrast scanning transmission electron microscopy reveals that this domain structure is not present in the first few unit cells of the film, but emerges approximately 2-3 nm from the SrTiO3/LaTiO3 interface. Upon increasing the oxygen pressure during growth, a shift in the lattice d-spacing parallel to the substrate surface is observed, and is consistent with the growth of the La2Ti2O7 phase. However, van der Pauw measurements show that the films with the larger d-spacing remain conductive, albeit with a resistivity that is significantly higher than that for the perovskite LaTiO3 films, The transport behavior suggests that the films grown at higher oxygen pressures are LaTiO3+x with 0.4 < x < 0.5. (C) 2003 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.
C1 Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 106 Rhines Hall, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
EM dnort@mse.ufl.edu
RI Budai, John/R-9276-2016; Cantoni, Claudia/G-3031-2013
OI Budai, John/0000-0002-7444-1306; Cantoni, Claudia/0000-0002-9731-2021
NR 26
TC 19
Z9 22
U1 2
U2 32
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 1862-6300
EI 1862-6319
J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI A
JI Phys. Status Solidi A-Appl. Mat.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 200
IS 2
BP 346
EP 351
DI 10.1002/pssa.200306686
PG 6
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics,
Condensed Matter
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA 756AX
UT WOS:000187444600008
ER
PT J
AU Leonhard, K
Prausnitz, JM
Radke, CJ
AF Leonhard, K
Prausnitz, JM
Radke, CJ
TI Solvent-amino acid interaction energies in 3-D-lattice MC simulations of
model proteins. Aggregation thermodynamics and kinetics
SO PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID LATTICE-MODEL; PRION DISEASES
AB Recently, we devised an energy scale to vary systematically amino acid-solvent interactions for Monte Carlo simulations of lattice model proteins in water. For 27-mer and 64-mer protein chains, changes in the interaction energies produce quite different protein-folding behavior. Here, for two- to six-chain systems, we investigate the effect of interaction parameters and chain length on protein aggregation. Here too, small changes in the interaction energies produce different classes of protein behavior: non-aggregating; reversibly aggregating; irreversibly aggregating while maintaining part or all of the native structure. Interaction parameters optimized for fast folding and high cooperativity in single-chain simulations provide the least aggregation in multi-chain simulations. Simulations with 27-mers and with 64-mers suggest that the interaction-energy parameters optimal for stability against aggregation depend only weakly on protein size. Although we are not able to find an energy parameter set for 27-mers that makes the native, non-aggregating state the most stable state, we have obtained such a set of parameters for 64-mers, indicating a strong influence of chain length on aggregation properties.
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Leonhard, K (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RI Leonhard, Kai/B-2127-2009
NR 33
TC 14
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 3
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1463-9076
J9 PHYS CHEM CHEM PHYS
JI Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.
PD DEC 1
PY 2003
VL 5
IS 23
BP 5291
EP 5299
DI 10.1039/b305414d
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 751HL
UT WOS:000187086000023
ER
PT J
AU Abdallah, J
Csanak, G
Fukuda, Y
Akahane, Y
Aoyama, M
Inoue, N
Ueda, H
Yamakawa, K
Faenov, AY
Magunov, AI
Pikuz, TA
Skobelev, IY
AF Abdallah, J
Csanak, G
Fukuda, Y
Akahane, Y
Aoyama, M
Inoue, N
Ueda, H
Yamakawa, K
Faenov, AY
Magunov, AI
Pikuz, TA
Skobelev, IY
TI Time-dependent Boltzmann kinetic model of x rays produced by
ultrashort-pulse laser irradiation of argon clusters
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID NUCLEAR-FUSION; PLASMA; IONS; SPECTROSCOPY; SYSTEM; PARTICLES; EMISSION;
TARGET
AB The Boltzmann equation and a detailed collisional-radiative model are solved simultaneously as a function of time to model the time-integrated x-ray spectra of the transient plasma produced by a high intensity ultrafast laser source. Level populations are calculated by solving the rate equations as a function of time using rate coefficients corresponding to a time varying electron energy distribution function (EEDF) determined by the solution to the Boltzmann equation. Electron-electron interactions are included through the solution of the Fokker-Planck equation. It is assumed that all the ions are initially in the Ne-like ground state due to the laser prepulse and that all free electrons have high energy (5 keV) from the fast laser deposition. The collisional-radiative model included over 3000 levels in the Ne-like through H-like ion stages of argon. The results are in agreement with highly resolved F-like to He-like K-shell emission spectra recorded recently during ultrashort laser experiments with argon cluster targets in Japan. The calculated time scale for emission is consistent with estimates of cluster decay times for these conditions. The calculations also show that the typical Li-like and Be-like satellite structure, sometimes attributed to a hot-electron component in the EEDF, can also be due to transient effects in a high-temperature ionizing plasma.
C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Adv Photon Res Ctr, Kizu, Kyoto 6190215, Japan.
VNIIFTRI, Multicharged Ions Spectra Data Ctr, Mendeleyevsk 141570, Moscow Region, Russia.
RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
NR 49
TC 44
Z9 46
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9926
EI 2469-9934
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 6
AR 063201
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.68.063201
PG 8
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 761DP
UT WOS:000187885000061
ER
PT J
AU Carrigan, RA
Freudenberger, J
Fritzler, S
Genz, H
Richter, A
Ushakov, A
Zilges, A
Sellschop, JPF
AF Carrigan, RA
Freudenberger, J
Fritzler, S
Genz, H
Richter, A
Ushakov, A
Zilges, A
Sellschop, JPF
TI Electron channeling radiation experiments at very high electron bunch
charges
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID PLASMA; DIAMOND; ACCELERATOR; BEAM; WAVE
AB Plasmas offer the possibility of high acceleration gradients. An intriguing suggestion is to use the higher plasma densities possible in solids to get extremely high gradients. Although solid-state plasmas might produce high gradients they would pose daunting problems. Crystal channeling has been suggested as one mechanism to address these challenges. There is no experimental or theoretical guidance on channeling for intense electron beams. A high-density plasma in a crystal lattice could quench the channeling process. An experiment has been carried out at the Fermilab NICADD Photoinjector Laboratory to observe electron channeling radiation at high bunch charges. An electron beam with up to 8 nC per electron bunch was used to investigate the electron-crystal interaction. No evidence was found of quenching of channeling at charge densities two orders of magnitude larger than that in earlier experiments.
C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
Tech Univ Darmstadt, Inst Kernphys, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany.
Univ Witwatersrand, Schonland Ctr, ZA-2050 Wits, South Africa.
RP Carrigan, RA (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
EM Carrigan@fnal.gov; joerg.freudenberger@siemens.com;
sven.fritzler@ensta.fr; ushakov@iap.uni-frankfurt.de
RI Zilges, Andreas/G-9984-2011
NR 29
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 6
AR 062901
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.68.062901
PG 8
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 761DP
UT WOS:000187885000059
ER
PT J
AU Kim, YH
Grice, WP
AF Kim, YH
Grice, WP
TI Reliability of the beam-splitter-based Bell-state measurement
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID PARAMETRIC DOWN-CONVERSION; QUANTUM TELEPORTATION; 2-PHOTON
ENTANGLEMENT; EXPERIMENTAL TESTS; INFORMATION; PHOTONS; THEOREM; PAIRS;
PUMP
AB A linear 50-50 beam splitter, together with a coincidence measurement, has been widely used in quantum optical experiments, such as teleportation, dense coding, etc., for interferometrically distinguishing, measuring, or projecting onto one of the four two-photon polarization Bell states \psi((-))>. In this paper, we demonstrate that the coincidence measurement at the output of a beam splitter cannot be used as an absolute identifier of the input state \psi((-))> nor as an indication that the input photons have been projected to the \psi((-))> state.
C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Ctr Engn Sci Adv Res, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Ctr Engn Sci Adv Res, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM yokim@umbc.edu
RI Kim, Yoonho/D-2591-2012; Grice, Warren/L-8466-2013
NR 30
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 2
U2 3
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9926
EI 2469-9934
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 6
AR 062305
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.68.062305
PG 4
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 761DP
UT WOS:000187885000023
ER
PT J
AU Knill, E
AF Knill, E
TI Bounds on the probability of success of postselected nonlinear sign
shifts implemented with linear optics
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID QUANTUM COMPUTATION
AB The fundamental gates of linear optics quantum computation are realized by using single photons sources, linear optics, and photon counters. Success of these gates is conditioned on the pattern of photons detected without using feedback. Here it is shown that the maximum probability of success of these gates is typically strictly less than 1. For the one-mode nonlinear sign shift, the probability of success is bounded by 1/2. For the conditional sign shift of two modes, this probability is bounded by 3/4. These bounds are still substantially larger than the highest probabilities shown to be achievable so far, which are 1/4 and 2/27, respectively.
C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
Natl Inst Stand, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Knill, E (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
EM knill@boulder.nist.gov
NR 16
TC 33
Z9 33
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 6
AR 064303
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.68.064303
PG 3
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 761DP
UT WOS:000187885000122
ER
PT J
AU Mazzitelli, FD
Paz, JP
Villanueva, A
AF Mazzitelli, FD
Paz, JP
Villanueva, A
TI Decoherence and recoherence from vacuum fluctuations near a conducting
plate
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID ELECTRON COHERENCE; CASIMIR FORCE; MU-M; INTERFERENCE
AB The interaction between particles and the electromagnetic field induces decoherence generating a small suppression of fringes in an interference experiment. We show that if a double-slit-like experiment is performed in the vicinity of a conducting plane, the fringe visibility depends on the position (and orientation) of the experiment relative to the conductor's plane. This phenomenon is due to the change in the structure of vacuum induced by the conductor and is closely related to the Casimir effect. We estimate the fringe visibility both for charged and for neutral particles with a permanent dipole moment. The presence of the conductor may tend to increase decoherence in some cases and to reduce it in others. A simple explanation for this peculiar behavior is presented.
C1 Univ Buenos Aires, Fac Ciencias Exactas & Nat, Dept Fis JJ Giambiagi, RA-1428 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.
Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Univ Buenos Aires, Fac Ciencias Exactas & Nat, Dept Fis JJ Giambiagi, Ciudad Univ,Pabellon I, RA-1428 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.
RI Paz, Juan/C-5947-2008
NR 22
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9926
EI 2469-9934
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 6
AR 062106
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.68.062106
PG 6
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 761DP
UT WOS:000187885000012
ER
PT J
AU Persson, E
Yoshida, S
Tong, XM
Reinhold, CO
Burgdorfer, J
AF Persson, E
Yoshida, S
Tong, XM
Reinhold, CO
Burgdorfer, J
TI Quantum localization in the three-dimensional kicked Rydberg atom
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID HALF-CYCLE PULSES; HYDROGEN-ATOM; WAVE-PACKETS; ELECTROMAGNETIC PULSES;
MICROWAVE IONIZATION; STATES; STABILIZATION; FIELDS; DYNAMICS;
RESONANCES
AB We study the three-dimensional (3D) unidirectionally kicked Rydberg atom. For parabolic initial states elongated in the direction of the kicks we show that the ionization of the quantum system is suppressed as compared to the classical counterpart and that the quantum wave function is localized along all degrees of freedom, whereas the classical system is globally diffusive. We discuss the connection to the previously studied one-dimensional (1D) model of the kicked Rydberg atom and verify that the 1D model is a good approximation to the 3D quantum case in the limiting case of the most elongated initial states. We further study the quantum phase-space distribution (Husimi distribution) of the eigenstates of the period-one time-evolution (Floquet) operator and show that the eigenstates are localized in phase space. For the most elongated parabolic initial state, we are able to identify the unstable periodic orbits around which Floquet states localize. We discuss the possibility of observing quantum localization in high Rydberg states in n>100.
C1 Vienna Univ Technol, Inst Theoret Phys, A-1040 Vienna, Austria.
Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Vienna Univ Technol, Inst Theoret Phys, A-1040 Vienna, Austria.
RI Tong, Xiao-Min/A-2748-2011
OI Tong, Xiao-Min/0000-0003-4898-3491
NR 55
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9926
EI 2469-9934
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 6
AR 063406
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.68.063406
PG 15
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 761DP
UT WOS:000187885000068
ER
PT J
AU Trevisan, CS
Orel, AE
Rescigno, TN
AF Trevisan, CS
Orel, AE
Rescigno, TN
TI Ab initio study of low-energy electron collisions with ethylene
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID ACCURATE ABINITIO TREATMENT; CROSS-SECTIONS; POLYATOMIC-MOLECULES;
SCATTERING; EXCITATION; IMPACT
AB We present the results of an investigation of elastic electron scattering by ethylene C2H4 with incident electron energies ranging from 0.5 to 20 eV, using the complex Kohn variational method. These fully ab initio calculations accurately reproduce experimental angular differential cross sections at energies below 3 eV. Low-energy electron scattering by ethylene is sensitive to the inclusion of electronic correlation and target-distortion effects. We therefore report results that describe the dynamic polarization of the target by the incident electron and involve calculations over a range of different geometries, including the effects of nuclear motion in the resonant B-2(2g) symmetry with an adiabatic nuclei treatment of the C-C stretch mode. The inclusion of dynamic polarization and the effect of nuclear motion are equally critical in obtaining accurate results. The calculated cross sections are compared with recent experimental measurements.
C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Trevisan, CS (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
NR 19
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 0
U2 8
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 6
AR 062707
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.68.062707
PG 9
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 761DP
UT WOS:000187885000055
ER
PT J
AU Achermann, M
Hollingsworth, JA
Klimov, VI
AF Achermann, M
Hollingsworth, JA
Klimov, VI
TI Multiexcitons confined within a subexcitonic volume: Spectroscopic and
dynamical signatures of neutral and charged biexcitons in ultrasmall
semiconductor nanocrystals
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID NONLINEAR OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; SINGLE QUANTUM-DOT; STIMULATED-EMISSION;
EXCITON LIFETIME; BINDING-ENERGY; CDSE
AB The use of ultrafast gating techniques allows us to resolve both spectrally and temporally the emission from short-lived neutral and negatively charged biexcitons in ultrasmall (sub-10 nm) CdSe nanocrystals (nanocrystal quantum dots). Because of "forced" overlap of electronic wave functions and reduced dielectric screening, these states are characterized by giant interaction energies of tens (neutral biexcitons) to hundreds (charged biexcitons) of meV. Both types of biexcitons show extremely short lifetimes (from sub-100 picoseconds to sub-picosecond time scales) that rapidly shorten with decreasing nanocrystal size. These ultrafast relaxation dynamics are explained in terms of highly efficient nonradiative Auger recombination.
C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, C PCS, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Achermann, M (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, C PCS, MS-J585, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RI Achermann, Marc/A-1849-2011
OI Achermann, Marc/0000-0002-3939-9309
NR 24
TC 125
Z9 125
U1 1
U2 28
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 24
AR 245302
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.245302
PG 5
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 766TP
UT WOS:000188391900052
ER
PT J
AU Antonov, VN
Harmon, BN
Yaresko, AN
AF Antonov, VN
Harmon, BN
Yaresko, AN
TI Electronic structure and x-ray magnetic circular dichroism in uranium
compounds. I. UFe2
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; CORE-LEVEL PHOTOEMISSION; GROUND-STATE;
MAGNETOOPTICAL PROPERTIES; ORBITAL POLARIZATION; SPIN POLARIZATION; BAND
THEORY; SCATTERING; SPECTRA; FE
AB The electronic structure, magneto-optical and x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) spectra of UFe2 were investigated theoretically from first principles, using the fully relativistic Dirac linear muffin-tin orbital band-structure method. The electronic structure is obtained with the local spin-density approximation (LSDA), as well as with a generalization of the LSDA+U method which takes into account the nondiagonal occupation matrix (in spin indexes) of localized electrons. The origin of the Kerr rotation and XMCD spectra in the compound is examined.
C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
Max Planck Inst Phys Complex Syst, D-01187 Dresden, Germany.
Inst Met Phys, UA-03142 Kiev, Ukraine.
RP Antonov, VN (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
EM antonov@ameslab.gov
NR 82
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 21
AR 214424
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.214424
PG 11
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 762JD
UT WOS:000187967700058
ER
PT J
AU Antonov, VN
Harmon, BN
Andryushchenko, OV
Bekenev, LV
Yaresko, AN
AF Antonov, VN
Harmon, BN
Andryushchenko, OV
Bekenev, LV
Yaresko, AN
TI Electronic structure and x-ray magnetic circular dichroism in uranium
compounds. II. UTAl (T=Co, Rh, and Pt) intermetallics
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID URHAL; UCOAL
AB The electronic structure and x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) spectra of UCoAl, URhAl, and UPtAl were investigated theoretically from first principles, using the fully relativistic Dirac LMTO band-structure method. The electronic structure is obtained with the local spin-density approximation (LSDA) as well as with a generalization of the LSDA+U method which takes into account the nondiagonal (in spin indexes) occupation matrix of localized electrons. The origin of the XMCD spectra in the compounds is examined.
C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
Inst Met Phys, UA-252142 Kiev, Ukraine.
Max Planck Inst Phys Complex Syst, D-01187 Dresden, Germany.
RP Antonov, VN (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
EM antonov@ameslab.gov
NR 21
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 13
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 21
AR 214425
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.214425
PG 6
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 762JD
UT WOS:000187967700059
ER
PT J
AU Armiento, R
Mattsson, AE
AF Armiento, R
Mattsson, AE
TI Alternative separation of exchange and correlation in density-functional
theory
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID ELECTRON-GAS; CORRELATION-ENERGY; GRADIENT EXPANSION; APPROXIMATIONS;
ACCURATE; SYSTEMS; STATE
AB It has recently been shown that local values of the conventional exchange energy per particle cannot be described by an analytic expansion in the density variation. Yet, it is known that the total exchange-correlation (XC) energy per particle does not show any corresponding nonanalyticity. Indeed, the nonanalyticity is here shown to be an effect of the separation into conventional exchange and correlation. We construct an alternative separation in which the exchange part is made well behaved by screening its long-ranged contributions, and the correlation part is adjusted accordingly. This alternative separation is as valid as the conventional one, and introduces no new approximations to the total XC energy. We demonstrate functional development based on this approach by creating and deploying a local-density-approximation-type XC functional. Hence, this work includes both the theory and the practical calculations needed to provide a starting point for an alternative approach towards improved approximations of the total XC energy.
C1 AlbaNova Univ Ctr, Royal Inst Technol, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP AlbaNova Univ Ctr, Royal Inst Technol, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
EM rar@theophys.kth.se; aematts@sandia.gov
RI Armiento, Rickard/E-1413-2011
OI Armiento, Rickard/0000-0002-5571-0814
NR 21
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
EI 1550-235X
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 24
AR 245120
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.245120
PG 5
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 766TP
UT WOS:000188391900043
ER
PT J
AU Balatsky, AV
Abanov, A
Zhu, JX
AF Balatsky, AV
Abanov, A
Zhu, JX
TI Inelastic tunneling spectroscopy in a d-wave superconductor
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID GAPLESS FERMI SYSTEMS; MAGNETIC-IMPURITIES; EXCHANGE MODEL;
BI2SR2CACU2O8+DELTA; ANOMALIES; MOMENTS; SURFACE; SPECTRA; STATES
AB We propose a mechanism to use inelastic tunneling spectrosopy scanning tunneling microscope (STM) to detect a single spin in a d-wave superconductor and in a pseudogap state, based on a direct exchange coupling J between the surface electrons and the local spin S in a magnetic field. This coupling will produce a kink in a dI/dV characteristic at Zeeman energy of the spin omega(0). We find that for relevant values of parameters signal scales as dI(2)/dV(2)similar or equal to(JN(0))(2)Theta(eV-omega(0)) and could be in the range of 10(-2) of the bare density of states where N-0 is the density of states for surface electrons. Scattering in superconductor with the coherence peak at gap maximum Delta leads also to strong features at Delta+omega(0). This suggests a different technique for a detection of a local spin excitation with STM. We also consider a detection of a local vibrational mode as a simple extension of the spin case.
C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Balatsky, AV (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
NR 28
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
EI 1550-235X
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 21
AR 214506
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.214506
PG 5
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 762JD
UT WOS:000187967700071
ER
PT J
AU Bang, Y
Graf, MJ
Balatsky, AV
AF Bang, Y
Graf, MJ
Balatsky, AV
TI Nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate in the D-1+iD(2) superconducting
state: Implications for CoO superconductor
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID VALENCE BOND STATE; ANISOTROPIC SUPERCONDUCTORS; WAVE SUPERCONDUCTORS
AB We calculated the nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate 1/T-1 for the D-1+iD(2) superconducting state with impurities. We found that small amount of unitary impurities quickly produces the residual density of states inside the gap. As a result, the T-linear behavior in 1/T-1 is observed at low temperatures. Our results show that the D-1+iD(2) pairing symmetry of the superconducting state of Na0.35CoO2.yH(2)O is compatible with recent Co-59 1/T-1 experiments of several groups.
C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Chonnam Natl Univ, Dept Phys, Kwangju 500757, South Korea.
RP Bang, Y (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
NR 19
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 21
AR 212504
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.212504
PG 4
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 762JD
UT WOS:000187967700019
ER
PT J
AU Batista, CD
Bonca, J
Gubernatis, JE
AF Batista, CD
Bonca, J
Gubernatis, JE
TI Itinerant ferromagnetism in the periodic Anderson model
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID MONTE-CARLO METHOD; CORRELATED ELECTRON-SYSTEMS; FERMION GROUND-STATES;
DYNAMICAL MEAN-FIELD; KONDO-LATTICE MODEL; HUBBARD-MODEL; PHASE-DIAGRAM;
MAGNETIC EXCITATIONS; PAIRING CORRELATIONS; INFINITE DIMENSIONS
AB We introduce a mechanism for itinerant ferromagnetism, based on a simple two-band model. The model includes an uncorrelated and dispersive band hybridized with a second band which is narrow and correlated. The simplest Hamiltonian containing these ingredients is the periodic Anderson model (PAM). Using quantum Monte Carlo and analytical methods, we show that the PAM and an extension of it contain the mechanism and exhibit a nonsaturated ferromagnetic ground state in the intermediate-valence regime. We propose that the mechanism, which does not assume an intra-atomic Hund's coupling, is present in both the iron group and in some f electron compounds like Ce(Rh1-xRux)(3)B-2, LaxCe1-xRh3B2, and the uranium monochalcogenides US, USe, and UTe.
C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Univ Ljubljana, Dept Phys, FMF, Ljubljana 61000, Slovenia.
Jozef Stefan Inst, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
RP Batista, CD (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RI Batista, Cristian/J-8008-2016
NR 80
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 1
U2 6
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 21
AR 214430
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.214430
PG 13
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 762JD
UT WOS:000187967700064
ER
PT J
AU Black, MR
Hagelstein, PL
Cronin, SB
Lin, YM
Dresselhaus, MS
AF Black, MR
Hagelstein, PL
Cronin, SB
Lin, YM
Dresselhaus, MS
TI Optical absorption from an indirect transition in bismuth nanowires
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; ARRAYS; DEPENDENCE; SURFACE; FILMS
AB Simulations of the optical absorption in bismuth nanowires resulting from an indirect interband L-T-point transition are presented. The absorption dependence at room temperature on the band overlap, effective masses, and wire diameter is explored. The polarization, wave number, and wire size dependence of the high intensity absorption peak observed in bismuth nanowires at similar to1000 cm(-1) can be explained by our model. The polarization dependence of the optical absorption arises from a surface component of the optical coupling term which enhances this indirect transition. Simulations of the absorption from a valence-band L-T-point transition correctly predict the magnitude of the increase in the peak energy (wave number) with decreasing wire diameter. The wave numbers of the simulated and measured absorption peaks differ by similar to400 cm(-1). Several explanations for this discrepancy are proposed.
C1 MIT, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
RP Black, MR (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM mblack@lanl.gov
NR 22
TC 32
Z9 32
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 23
AR 235417
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.235417
PG 10
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 764DL
UT WOS:000188186400107
ER
PT J
AU Choi, J
Musfeldt, JL
Olejniczak, I
Wang, YJ
Schlueter, JA
Kini, AM
AF Choi, J
Musfeldt, JL
Olejniczak, I
Wang, YJ
Schlueter, JA
Kini, AM
TI Magnetic field dependent vibrational modes in isotopically decorated
kappa-(ET)(2)Cu(SCN)(2)
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS; ORGANIC SUPERCONDUCTOR; BEDT-TTF; KAPPA-(ET)2X
SUPERCONDUCTORS; RAMAN-SPECTRA; BIS(ETHYLENEDITHIO)TETRATHIAFULVALENE;
KAPPA-(BEDT-TTF)(2)CU(NCS)(2); ASSIGNMENT; SALTS
AB We report the infrared reflectance of several isotopically decorated samples of the 10.4-K organic superconductor kappa-(ET)(2)Cu(SCN)(2) as a function of applied magnetic field at 4.2 K, allowing us to explore changes in intramolecular vibrational modes between the superconducting (low-field) and normal (high-field) states. Comparison with previous variable temperature transport data in which the crystals have similar isotopic decoration patterns suggests that, while the nu(3) (A(g)), nu(60) (B-3g), and nu(21) (B-1g) are involved in the field-induced normal to superconducting transition below T-c, there is no direct correlation between the value of T-c and the characteristics of these modes. Intramolecular vibrational modes are therefore not driving the superconducting to normal state transition in kappa-(ET)(2)Cu(SCN)(2). Some plausible mechanisms, which can account for the sensitivity of these intramolecular vibrational modes to the magnetic field, are briefly discussed.
C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
Polish Acad Sci, Inst Mol Phys, PL-60179 Poznan, Poland.
Florida State Univ, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA.
Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Choi, J (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
RI Kini, Aravinda/F-4467-2012
NR 33
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 21
AR 214523
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.214523
PG 6
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 762JD
UT WOS:000187967700088
ER
PT J
AU Crawford, MK
Harlow, RL
Lee, PL
Zhang, Y
Hormadaly, J
Flippen, R
Huang, Q
Lynn, JW
Stevens, R
Woodfield, BF
Boerio-Goates, J
Fisher, RA
AF Crawford, MK
Harlow, RL
Lee, PL
Zhang, Y
Hormadaly, J
Flippen, R
Huang, Q
Lynn, JW
Stevens, R
Woodfield, BF
Boerio-Goates, J
Fisher, RA
TI Structure and properties of the integer-spin frustrated antiferromagnet
GeNi2O4
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID PYROCHLORE ANTIFERROMAGNET; TRANSITIONS; CSNICL3; STATE
AB We report the results of magnetic susceptibility, specific heat, synchrotron x-ray, and neutron powder diffraction measurements for the normal spinel GeNi2O4, which becomes antiferromagnetic below a Neel temperature (T-N) of 12 K. The Neel transition occurs in two discrete steps, separated in temperature by 0.6 K. The total magnetic entropy evaluated from the specific heat data is only similar to1/2 of the expected 2R ln 3 per mole of GeNi2O4. The specific heat data also suggest the presence of both gapless and gapped excitations within the Neel state. GeNi2O4 remains cubic to temperatures well below T-N.
C1 DuPont Co Inc, Dept Cent Res & Dev, Wilmington, DE 19880 USA.
Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
Ben Gurion Univ Negev, IL-84105 Beer Sheva, Israel.
Natl Inst Stand & Technol, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
Brigham Young Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Provo, UT 84602 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Crawford, MK (reprint author), DuPont Co Inc, Dept Cent Res & Dev, E356-209, Wilmington, DE 19880 USA.
RI HORMADALY, J/F-1721-2012
NR 17
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 3
U2 19
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 22
AR 220408
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.220408
PG 4
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 763JN
UT WOS:000188081900009
ER
PT J
AU Cui, CW
Tyson, TA
Chen, ZQ
Zhong, Z
AF Cui, CW
Tyson, TA
Chen, ZQ
Zhong, Z
TI Transport and structural study of pressure-induced magnetic states in
Nd0.55Sr0.45MnO3 and Nd0.5Sr0.5MnO3
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID PEROVSKITE MANGANITES; PHASE-TRANSITION; X-RAY; CHARGE; ND1-XSR(X)MNO3;
ND1-XSRXMNO3; TEMPERATURE; BANDWIDTH; FIELD
AB Pressure effects on the electron transport and structure of Nd1-xSrxMnO3 (x=0.45, 0.5) were investigated in the range from ambient to similar to6 GPa. In Nd0.55Sr0.45MnO3, the low-temperature ferromagnetic metallic state is suppressed and a low-temperature insulating state is induced by pressure. In Nd0.5Sr0.5MnO3, the CE-type antiferromagnetic charge-ordering state is suppressed by pressure. Under pressure, both samples have a similar electron-transport behavior although their ambient ground states are much different. It is surmised that pressure induces an A-type antiferromagnetic state at low temperature in both compounds.
C1 New Jersey Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Newark, NJ 07102 USA.
Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Cui, CW (reprint author), New Jersey Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Newark, NJ 07102 USA.
RI chen, zhiqiang/C-9134-2013
NR 26
TC 30
Z9 30
U1 1
U2 10
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
EI 1550-235X
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 21
AR 214417
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.214417
PG 5
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 762JD
UT WOS:000187967700051
ER
PT J
AU Graf, MJ
de Visser, A
Opeil, CP
Cooley, JC
Smith, JL
Amato, A
Baines, C
Gygax, F
Schenck, A
AF Graf, MJ
de Visser, A
Opeil, CP
Cooley, JC
Smith, JL
Amato, A
Baines, C
Gygax, F
Schenck, A
TI Onset of antiferromagnetism in UPt3 via Th substitution studied by muon
spin spectroscopy
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID HEAVY-FERMION UPT3; QUANTUM CRITICAL-POINT; PT-195 KNIGHT-SHIFT; TRIPLET
SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; ORDER-PARAMETER; MAGNETIC ORDER; PHASE; U(PT,PD)(3);
PRESSURE; PD
AB Muon spin spectroscopy has been used to study in detail the onset of large-moment antiferromagnetism (LMAF) in UPt3 as induced by Th substitution. Zero-field experiments have been carried out on a series of polycrystalline U1-xThxPt3 (0less than or equal toxless than or equal to0.05) samples in the temperature range 0.04-10 K. At low Th content (xless than or equal to0.002) magnetic ordering on the time scale of the muSR experiment (10(-8) s) is not detected. For x=0.005 a weak magnetic signal appears below T=2 K, while for 0.006less than or equal toxless than or equal to0.05, spontaneous oscillations in the muSR spectra signal the presence of the LMAF phase. The data are well described by a two-component depolarization function, combining the contribution of a polycrystalline antiferromagnet and a Kubo-Lorentzian response. However, the transition into the antiferromagnetic phase is quite broad. For x=0.01 and 0.02, a weak magnetic signal appears below about 7 K, which is well above the mean-field transition temperatures. The broadening may be a result of the effects of disorder on the time fluctuations associated with anomalous small-moment antiferromagnetism.
C1 Boston Coll, Dept Phys, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 USA.
Univ Amsterdam, Van der Waals Zeemen Inst, NL-1018 XE Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Paul Scherrer Inst, Lab Muon Spin Spect, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland.
ETH, PSI, Inst Particle Phys, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland.
RP Graf, MJ (reprint author), Boston Coll, Dept Phys, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 USA.
RI Cooley, Jason/E-4163-2013; Amato, Alex/H-7674-2013
OI Amato, Alex/0000-0001-9963-7498
NR 47
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
EI 1550-235X
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 22
AR 224421
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.224421
PG 9
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 763JN
UT WOS:000188081900066
ER
PT J
AU Haslinger, R
Chubukov, AV
AF Haslinger, R
Chubukov, AV
TI Condensation energy in strongly coupled superconductors
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID ELECTRONIC SPECIFIC-HEAT; SPIN-FERMION MODEL; NORMAL-STATE; DEPENDENCE;
PSEUDOGAP; MECHANISM
AB We consider the condensation energy E-c of strongly coupled magnetically mediated superconductors within the context of the spin-fermion model. We argue that the actual physics behind the condensation energy is much richer than in BCS theory, and that it is vital to take both the fermionic and bosonic contributions to the condensation energy into account. We argue that at strong coupling lambda>1, the gain in the condensation energy is a result of the feedback on spin excitations, while the fermionic contribution to E-c is positive due to an "undressing" feedback on the fermions. In addition we argue that the same feedback effect accounts for a gain in the kinetic energy at strong coupling. We also found that the BCS relation E(c)proportional toDelta(2), where Delta is the pairing gap, only holds for lambdaless than or equal to1. At larger lambda, Delta keeps increasing and eventually saturates, while E-c passes through a maximum at lambdasimilar to2 and then exhibits a decrease in the strong-coupling regime.
C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
NR 41
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9950
EI 2469-9969
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 21
AR 214508
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.214508
PG 20
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 762JD
UT WOS:000187967700073
ER
PT J
AU Hopkins, A
Jacobs, K
Habib, S
Schwab, K
AF Hopkins, A
Jacobs, K
Habib, S
Schwab, K
TI Feedback cooling of a nanomechanical resonator
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID SINGLE-ELECTRON TRANSISTOR; QUANTUM BROWNIAN-MOTION; GENERAL
ENVIRONMENT; INTRINSIC NOISE; SENSITIVITY
AB Cooled, low-loss nanomechanical resonators offer the prospect of directly observing the quantum dynamics of mesoscopic systems. However, the present state of the art requires cooling down to the milliKelvin regime in order to observe quantum effects. Here we present an active feedback strategy based on continuous observation of the resonator position for the purpose of obtaining these low temperatures. In addition, we apply this to an experimentally realizable configuration, where the position monitoring is carried out by a single-electron transistor. Our estimates indicate that with current technology this technique is likely to bring the required low temperatures within reach.
C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
CALTECH, Norman Bridge Lab Phys 12 33, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
Lab Phys Sci, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, T-8, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RI Jacobs, Kurt/E-7049-2011
OI Jacobs, Kurt/0000-0003-0828-6421
NR 23
TC 101
Z9 101
U1 1
U2 5
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9950
EI 2469-9969
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 23
AR 235328
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.235328
PG 10
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 764DL
UT WOS:000188186400085
ER
PT J
AU Jorgensen, JD
Avdeev, M
Hinks, DG
Burley, JC
Short, S
AF Jorgensen, JD
Avdeev, M
Hinks, DG
Burley, JC
Short, S
TI Crystal structure of the sodium cobaltate deuterate superconductor
NaxCoO2 center dot 4xD(2)O (x approximate to 1/3)
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; COINTERCALATION COMPOUNDS;
HYDROGEN; OXIDES; WATER
AB Neutron and x-ray powder diffraction have been used to investigate the crystal structures of a sample of the newly-discovered superconducting sodium cobaltate deuterate compound with composition Na0.31(3)CoO2.1.25(2)D2O and its anhydrous parent compound Na0.61(1)CoO2. The anhydrous parent compound Na0.61(1)CoO2 has two partially occupied Na sites sandwiched, in the same plane, between CoO2 layers. When Na is removed to make the superconducting composition, the Na site that experiences the strongest Na-Co repulsion is emptied while the occupancy of the other Na site is reduced to about one third. The deuterate superconducting compound is formed by coordinating four D2O molecules (two above and two below) to each remaining Na ion in a way that gives Na-O distances nearly equal to those in the parent compound. One deuteron of the D2O molecule is hydrogen bonded to an oxygen atom in the CoO2 plane and the oxygen atom and the second deuteron of each D2O molecule lie approximately in a plane between the Na layer and the CoO2 layers. This coordination of Na by four D2O molecules leads in a straightforward way to ordering of the Na ions and D2O molecules consistent with the observation of additional shorter-range scattering features in the diffraction data. The sample studied here, which has T-c=4.5 K, has a refined composition of Na0.31(3)CoO2.1.25(2)D2O, in agreement with the expected 1:4 ratio of Na to D2O. These results show that the optimal superconducting composition should be viewed as a specific hydrated compound, not a solid solution of Na and D2O (H2O) in NaxCoO2.D2O. The hydrated superconducting compound may be stable over a limited range of Na and D2O concentration, but studies of T-c and other physical properties vs Na or D2O composition should be viewed with caution until it is verified that the compound remains in the same phase over the composition range of the study.
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Jorgensen, JD (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RI Avdeev, Maxim/A-5625-2008
OI Avdeev, Maxim/0000-0003-2366-5809
NR 28
TC 103
Z9 104
U1 1
U2 11
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 21
AR 214517
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.214517
PG 10
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 762JD
UT WOS:000187967700082
ER
PT J
AU Karazhanov, SZ
Zhang, Y
Wang, LW
Mascarenhas, A
Deb, S
AF Karazhanov, SZ
Zhang, Y
Wang, LW
Mascarenhas, A
Deb, S
TI Resonant defect states and strong lattice relaxation of oxygen vacancies
in WO3
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; SEMIEMPIRICAL CALCULATIONS; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES;
TUNGSTEN TRIOXIDE; DEEP LEVELS; THIN-FILMS; F-CENTERS; SEMICONDUCTORS;
GAAS; CRYSTALS
AB We find, from first principles calculations, that an oxygen (anion) vacancy in WO3 not only generates a donorlike state near the fundamental band gap, derived from the top valence bands, but also gives rise to an additional pair of defect states: a hyper-deep resonant state in the valence band and a high-lying resonant state in the conduction band, derived from s-like bonding and antibonding bands, respectively. These states show distinctively different properties from their counterparts in other conventional semiconductors. With a change in the charge state of the vacancy, a strong lattice relaxation is found for the W ions nearest to the vacancy, accompanied by large changes in the energies of all the defect states.
C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, NERSC, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Karazhanov, SZ (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM Yong_Zhang@nrel.gov
RI Karazhanov, Smagul/E-3357-2015
OI Karazhanov, Smagul/0000-0001-6504-2517
NR 34
TC 23
Z9 24
U1 3
U2 27
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 23
AR 233204
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.233204
PG 4
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 764DL
UT WOS:000188186400008
ER
PT J
AU Kirtley, JR
Tsuei, CC
Kogan, VG
Clem, JR
Raffy, H
Li, ZZ
AF Kirtley, JR
Tsuei, CC
Kogan, VG
Clem, JR
Raffy, H
Li, ZZ
TI Fluxoid dynamics in superconducting thin film rings
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS; JOSEPHSON TUNNEL-JUNCTIONS;
MAGNETIC-FLUX; CUPRATE SUPERCONDUCTORS; PAIRING SYMMETRY; STATE;
VORTICES; VORTEX; ARRAYS; BI2SR2CACU2O8+DELTA
AB We have measured the dynamics of individual magnetic fluxoids entering and leaving photolithographically patterned thin film rings of the underdoped high-temperature superconductor Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta, using a variable sample temperature scanning superconducting quantum interference device microscope. These results can be qualitatively described using a model in which the fluxoid number changes by thermally activated nucleation of a Pearl vortex in, and transport of the Pearl vortex across, the ring wall.
C1 IBM Corp, Thomas J Watson Res Ctr, Yorktown Hts, NY 10598 USA.
Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
Univ Paris 11, Phys Solides Lab, F-91405 Orsay, France.
RP Kirtley, JR (reprint author), IBM Corp, Thomas J Watson Res Ctr, POB 218, Yorktown Hts, NY 10598 USA.
NR 54
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
EI 1550-235X
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 21
AR 214505
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.214505
PG 8
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 762JD
UT WOS:000187967700070
ER
PT J
AU Klie, RF
Beleggia, M
Zhu, Y
Buban, JP
Browning, ND
AF Klie, RF
Beleggia, M
Zhu, Y
Buban, JP
Browning, ND
TI Atomic-scale model of the grain boundary potential in perovskite oxides
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPE; STRONTIUM-TITANATE; SPACE-CHARGE;
SRTIO3; RESOLUTION; TEMPERATURE; TRANSPORT; INTERFACES; CONTRAST;
CERAMICS
AB A combination of experiments and theoretical calculations is used to develop an atomic-scale model of the grain boundary potential in perovskite oxides. More specifically, pristine 8degrees and 58degrees [001] tilt grain boundaries in SrTiO3, which can be regarded as model systems for all cubic perovskite systems, are examined by Z-contrast imaging and electron-energy-loss spectroscopy. Based on results obtained from these systems, distance-valence least-square analysis and multiple-scattering calculations are used to determine the density of grain boundary states for the 8degrees and 58degrees grain boundaries, respectively. To compute the grain boundary potentials, the Thomas-Fermi approach of screened charges and the classical Schottky model is used. The validity of both models for various perovskite oxide grain boundary configurations is discussed, and the appropriate grain boundary potentials are compared with previously reported data.
C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Mat Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60607 USA.
Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RP Klie, RF (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Mat Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
EM klie@bnl.gov
NR 39
TC 26
Z9 26
U1 1
U2 25
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 21
AR 214101
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.214101
PG 10
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 762JD
UT WOS:000187967700021
ER
PT J
AU Kralj, M
Pervan, P
Milun, M
Valla, T
Johnson, PD
Woodruff, DP
AF Kralj, M
Pervan, P
Milun, M
Valla, T
Johnson, PD
Woodruff, DP
TI d-band quantum well states in ultrathin silver films on V(100)
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID COPPER THIN-FILMS; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; METAL-FILMS; AG FILMS; AU
FILMS; PHOTOEMISSION; OVERLAYERS; W(110); SURFACE; CU
AB We report an angle-resolved photoemission study of d-derived quantum well (QW) states in ultrathin silver films grown on V(100). Distinct d-derived QW states were observed for film thicknesses between 1 and 5 ML. Using a line shape analysis we conclude that for thicker films the d electrons are almost completely confined within the silver overlayer, suggesting a high reflectivity at the vanadium-silver interface. The energies of the QW states were found to be in good agreement with tight-binding calculations as well as with a phase accumulation model analysis. The calculations indicate a strong influence of the vanadium substrate on the energy of d-band QW states for the single-monolayer film.
C1 Univ Zagreb, Inst Phys, Zagreb 10000, Croatia.
Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
Univ Warwick, Dept Phys, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England.
RP Kralj, M (reprint author), Univ Zagreb, Inst Phys, POB 304, Zagreb 10000, Croatia.
RI Kralj, Marko/A-8232-2008; Pervan, Petar/F-8142-2010; Milun,
Milorad/A-3420-2010
OI Kralj, Marko/0000-0002-9786-3130; Pervan, Petar/0000-0002-0273-2737;
NR 33
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 8
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 24
AR 245413
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.245413
PG 8
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 766TP
UT WOS:000188391900086
ER
PT J
AU Lee, DR
Sinha, SK
Nelson, CS
Lang, JC
Venkataraman, CT
Srajer, G
Osgood, RM
AF Lee, DR
Sinha, SK
Nelson, CS
Lang, JC
Venkataraman, CT
Srajer, G
Osgood, RM
TI X-ray resonant magnetic scattering from structurally and magnetically
rough interfaces in multilayered systems. II. Diffuse scattering
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID NEUTRON-SCATTERING; GIANT MAGNETORESISTANCE; THIN-FILMS; REFLECTION;
SURFACES
AB The theoretical formulation of x-ray resonant magnetic scattering from rough surfaces and interfaces is given for the diffuse (off-specular) scattering, and general expressions are derived in both the Born approximation (BA) and the distorted-wave Born approximation for both single and multiple interfaces. We also give in the BA the expression for off-specular magnetic scattering from magnetic domains. For this purpose, structural and magnetic interfaces are defined in terms of roughness parameters related to their height-height correlation functions and the correlations between them. The results are generalized to the case of multiple interfaces, as in the case of thin films or multilayers. Theoretical calculations for each of the cases are illustrated as numerical examples and compared with experimental data of magnetic diffuse scattering from a Gd/Fe multilayer.
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
MIT, Lincoln Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
RP Lee, DR (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM drlee@aps.anl.gov
NR 19
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
EI 1550-235X
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 22
AR 224410
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.224410
PG 14
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 763JN
UT WOS:000188081900055
ER
PT J
AU Lee, DR
Sinha, SK
Haskel, D
Choi, Y
Lang, JC
Stepanov, SA
Srajer, G
AF Lee, DR
Sinha, SK
Haskel, D
Choi, Y
Lang, JC
Stepanov, SA
Srajer, G
TI X-ray resonant magnetic scattering from structurally and magnetically
rough interfaces in multilayered systems. I. Specular reflectivity
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID EXCHANGE SCATTERING; POLARIZATION DEPENDENCE; SURFACES; PROFILE
AB The theoretical formulation of x-ray resonant magnetic scattering from rough surfaces and interfaces is given for specular reflectivity. A general expression is derived for both structurally and magnetically rough interfaces in the distorted-wave Born approximation as the framework of the theory. For this purpose, we have defined a "structural" and a "magnetic" interface to represent the actual interfaces. A generalization of the well-known Nevot-Croce formula for specular reflectivity is obtained for the case of a single rough magnetic interface using the self-consistent method. Finally, the results are generalized to the case of multiple interfaces, as in the case of thin films or multilayers. Theoretical calculations for each of the cases are illustrated with numerical examples and compared with experimental results of magnetic reflectivity from a Gd/Fe multilayer.
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
RP Lee, DR (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM drlee@aps.anl.gov
NR 33
TC 58
Z9 58
U1 1
U2 6
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 22
AR 224409
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.224409
PG 19
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 763JN
UT WOS:000188081900054
ER
PT J
AU Li, ZY
Ho, KM
AF Li, ZY
Ho, KM
TI Application of structural symmetries in the plane-wave-based
transfer-matrix method for three-dimensional photonic crystal waveguides
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID ELECTROMAGNETIC-WAVES; INFRARED WAVELENGTHS; BANDGAP STRUCTURES; LAYER;
BENDS; SLABS; FORMULATION; EMISSION; GRATINGS; DEFECT
AB The plane-wave-based transfer-matrix method (TMM) exhibits a peculiar advantage of being capable of solving eigenmodes involved in an infinite photonic crystal and electromagnetic (EM) wave propagation in finite photonic crystal slabs or even semi-infinite photonic crystal structures within the same theoretical framework. In addition, this theoretical approach can achieve much improved numerical convergency in solution of photonic band structures than the conventional plane-wave expansion method. In this paper we employ this TMM in combination with a supercell technique to handle two important kinds of three-dimensional (3D) photonic crystal waveguide structures. The first one is waveguides created in a 3D layer-by-layer photonic crystal that possesses a complete band gap, the other more popular one is waveguides built in a two-dimensional photonic crystal slab. These waveguides usually have mirror-reflection symmetries in one or two directions perpendicular to their axis. We have taken advantage of these structural symmetries to reduce the numerical burden of the TMM solution of the guided modes. The solution to the EM problems under these mirror-reflection symmetries in both the real space and the plane-wave space is discussed in a systematic way and in great detail. Both the periodic boundary condition and the absorbing boundary condition are employed to investigate structures with or without complete 3D optical confinement. The fact that the EM field components investigated in the TMM are collinear with the symmetric axes of the waveguide brings great convenience and clarity in exploring the eigenmode symmetry in both the real space and the plane-wave space. The classification of symmetry involved in the guided modes can help people to better understand the coupling of the photonic crystal waveguides with external channels such as dielectric slab or wire waveguides.
C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
RP Li, ZY (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
EM lizy@axel.ameslab.gov
NR 38
TC 59
Z9 72
U1 2
U2 22
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 24
AR 245117
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.245117
PG 20
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 766TP
UT WOS:000188391900040
ER
PT J
AU Li, ZY
Lin, LL
AF Li, ZY
Lin, LL
TI Evaluation of lensing in photonic crystal slabs exhibiting negative
refraction
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID BAND-GAP; PROPAGATION
AB We systematically investigate lensing of electromagnetic waves by a negative refractive-index material slab constructed from a two-dimensional photonic crystal with properly designed equifrequency-surface configuration [Luo , Phys. Rev. B 65, 201104 (2002)]. We find that a point source placed in the vicinity of the slab can form a good-quality image in the opposite side of the slab. However, the image is strongly confined in the near-field region of the slab and gradually degrades and disappears when moved beyond the near-field domain. In addition, the image-slab distance has little dependence on the source-slab distance and the slab thickness. On the other hand, the image can also form by a slab with a positive effective refractive index. We have analyzed the equifrequency-surface contour configuration of this photonic crystal and found that the overall imaging properties of this photonic crystal slab are dominantly governed by the self-collimation effect and complex near-field wave scattering effect, rather than by the all-angle negative-refraction effect.
C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
RP Li, ZY (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
NR 20
TC 166
Z9 176
U1 3
U2 20
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 24
AR 245110
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.245110
PG 7
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 766TP
UT WOS:000188391900033
ER
PT J
AU Liu, CS
Zhang, Q
Kioussis, N
Demos, SG
Radousky, HB
AF Liu, CS
Zhang, Q
Kioussis, N
Demos, SG
Radousky, HB
TI Electronic structure calculations of intrinsic and extrinsic hydrogen
point defects in KH2PO4
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID POTASSIUM DIHYDROGEN PHOSPHATE; TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS;
GAMMA-IRRADIATED KH2PO4; SPIN-RESONANCE; CRYSTALS; KD2PO4; TRANSITION;
LASER; KDP; IDENTIFICATION
AB We report first-principles total-energy density-functional theory electronic structure calculations for the neutral and charge states of H intrinsic (Frenkel pair) and extrinsic (H vacancy or interstitial) point defects in KH2PO4. The relaxed atomic structures, the formation energy, the ionization energy, and electron and hole affinities for the various defects have been calculated. For the Frenkel pair, the additional hole leads to a decrease of the O-O bond length between the two O atoms next to the H vacancy, while the effect of the additional electron is small. For the H vacancy, the added hole is trapped and shared by the two O atoms adjacent to the vacancy, reducing dramatically the O-O bond length, thus forming a molecular-type polaron. We find that the positively charged H vacancy introduces states in the gap, in contrast with its neutral state, confirming the experimental suggestion that it is a relevant absorbing center. The negatively charged H vacancy leads to an increase of the two O atoms close to the H vacancy, and does not induce states in the gap. The H interstitial does not interact with the host atoms in the neutral state. However, the addition of an electron leads to the ejection of a H host atom and the subsequent formation of a H-2 interstitial molecule and a H vacancy, in agreement with experimental suggestions. In the positively charged state the H interstitial binds to its nearest-neighbor O atom forming a hydroxyl bond. The H interstitial in both positive and negative charge states induces no defect states in the band gap, in contrast with its neutral state. The calculations provide insights into the role of the charged and neutral defects on the transient optical absorption under irradiation by high-intensity laser beam.
C1 Calif State Univ Northridge, Dept Phys, Northridge, CA 91330 USA.
Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94580 USA.
Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Solid State Phys, Internal Frict & Defects Solids Lab, Hefei 230031, Peoples R China.
RP Liu, CS (reprint author), Calif State Univ Northridge, Dept Phys, Northridge, CA 91330 USA.
EM nick.kioussis@csun.edu
RI Liu, Changsong/I-4255-2013
NR 45
TC 13
Z9 16
U1 4
U2 15
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 22
AR 224107
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.224107
PG 11
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 763JN
UT WOS:000188081900028
ER
PT J
AU Lopasso, EM
Caro, M
Caro, A
Turchi, PEA
AF Lopasso, EM
Caro, M
Caro, A
Turchi, PEA
TI Phase diagram of an empirical potential: The case of Fe-Cu
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID PRESSURE-VESSEL STEELS; ALPHA-IRON; COMPUTER-SIMULATION; MONTE-CARLO;
COPPER; ALLOYS; EVOLUTION; METALS; TRANSFORMATION; PRECIPITATION
AB Molecular dynamics simulations are used to calculate the Gibbs free energy in the entire compositional range of Fe-Cu alloys described with a set of embedded atom potentials available in the literature. Thermodynamic integration and switching Hamiltonian techniques are used to obtain the phase diagram at high temperatures (neglecting phonon quantum effects and electronic contributions) with no further approximations. Limitations of the model were confirmed, such as the absence of the gamma and delta phases, a bcc to fcc transformation before melting for pure Fe, the unexpected existence of a stable bcc phase in pure Cu at high T, and consequently complete solid solubility of Fe in Cu in the bcc phase in some temperature range. This work seeds light on the power and limitations of the empirical description of complex systems.
C1 Ctr Atom Bariloche, RA-8400 San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina.
Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RP Lopasso, EM (reprint author), Ctr Atom Bariloche, RA-8400 San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina.
NR 38
TC 40
Z9 40
U1 3
U2 22
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 21
AR 214205
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.214205
PG 9
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 762JD
UT WOS:000187967700030
ER
PT J
AU Mascarenhas, A
Seong, MJ
Yoon, S
Verley, JC
Geisz, JF
Hanna, MC
AF Mascarenhas, A
Seong, MJ
Yoon, S
Verley, JC
Geisz, JF
Hanna, MC
TI Evolution of electronic states in GaAs1-xNx probed by resonant Raman
spectroscopy
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID DEPENDENCE; ALLOYS; GAAS
AB Two distinct maxima E-W and E-W(') are observed in the resonant Raman-scattering profile for the LO phonon asymmetric linewidth broadening in GaAs1-xNx and are attributed to states arising from a splitting of the quadruply degenerate conduction band near the L point. The data provide further insight into the physics underlying the giant band-gap bowing observed in GaAs1-xNx, as well as reveal asymmetric linewidth broadening to be a powerful signature for studying strongly localized impurity states in semiconductors.
C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Mascarenhas, A (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM amascar@nrel.gov
RI Verley, Jason/C-2026-2008
OI Verley, Jason/0000-0003-2184-677X
NR 19
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 23
AR 233201
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.233201
PG 3
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 764DL
UT WOS:000188186400005
ER
PT J
AU Narayanan, RA
AF Narayanan, RA
TI Chemical order, molecular clusters, and topological transitions in
chalcogenide network glasses
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID SELENIUM ALLOY SYSTEM; RIGIDITY PERCOLATION; COORDINATION-NUMBER;
SPECTROSCOPY; THRESHOLD; MODEL
AB A simple variant of the chemically ordered covalent network model, in which the presence of homopolar bonds are also considered, explains a maximum in physical properties in Ge-As-S chalcogenide network glasses observed close to a mean-coordination number of atoms =2.60, which was originally thought to be due to a topological transition connected with a change in the dimensionality of the network. The model reproduces the observed trend in the extremum as a function of Ge:As ratio with good accuracy, and in the process helps to identify and explain related instances found in the literature. Also, the physical significance of topological thresholds in the context of glass forming ability of materials is posited.
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Narayanan, RA (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM araghava@anl.gov
NR 33
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 21
AR 212201
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.212201
PG 4
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 762JD
UT WOS:000187967700003
ER
PT J
AU Nersesyan, AA
Tsvelik, AM
AF Nersesyan, AA
Tsvelik, AM
TI Coulomb blockade regime of a single-wall carbon nanotube
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID WIGNER CRYSTAL; SINE-GORDON; MODEL
AB We study a model of carbon nanotube with a half filled conduction band. At this filling the system is a Mott insulator. The Coulomb interaction is assumed to be unscreened. It is shown that this allows to develop the adiabatic approximation which leads to considerable simplifications in calculations of the excitation spectrum. We give a detailed analysis of the spectrum and the phase diagram at half filling, and discuss effects of small doping. In the latter case several phases develop strong superconducting fluctuations corresponding to various types of pairing.
C1 Abdus Salam Int Ctr Theoret Phys, I-34100 Trieste, Italy.
Andronikashvili Inst Phys, GE-380077 Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia.
Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Nersesyan, AA (reprint author), Abdus Salam Int Ctr Theoret Phys, Str Costiera 11, I-34100 Trieste, Italy.
NR 18
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 23
AR 235419
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.235419
PG 10
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 764DL
UT WOS:000188186400109
ER
PT J
AU Niklasson, AMN
AF Niklasson, AMN
TI Implicit purification for temperature-dependent density matrices
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE CALCULATIONS; CONSISTENT-FIELD THEORY; ENERGY
MINIMIZATION; CURVY STEPS; STATES; SYSTEMS
AB An implicit purification scheme is proposed for calculation of the temperature-dependent, grand canonical single-particle density matrix, given as a Fermi-Dirac operator expansion in terms of the Hamiltonian. The computational complexity is shown to scale with the logarithm of the polynomial order of the expansion, or equivalently, with the logarithm of the inverse temperature. The system of linear equations that arise in each implicit purification iteration is solved efficiently by a conjugate gradient solver. The scheme is particularly useful in connection with linear scaling electronic structure theory based on sparse matrix algebra. The efficiency of the implicit temperature expansion technique is analyzed and compared to some explicit purification methods for the zero temperature density matrix.
C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Niklasson, AMN (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
NR 30
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 23
AR 233104
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.233104
PG 4
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 764DL
UT WOS:000188186400004
ER
PT J
AU Nishino, Y
Miao, JW
Ishikawa, T
AF Nishino, Y
Miao, JW
Ishikawa, T
TI Image reconstruction of nanostructured nonperiodic objects only from
oversampled hard x-ray diffraction intensities
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID ITERATIVE ALGORITHMS; PHASE RETRIEVAL
AB X-ray-diffraction microscopy images nanocrystals and nonperiodic objects by directly reconstructing from oversampled diffraction intensities. Successful image reconstruction of nonperiodic objects has so far required additional experiments to supplement the missing data in the diffraction intensities. Reconstruction only from diffraction data is desirable. We show that image reconstruction of nonperiodic objects can be done without any supplemental experiments by applying a modified hybrid input-output algorithm to experimental hard x-ray-diffraction data of a nanostructured pattern.
C1 SPring8 RIKEN, Sayo, Hyogo 6795148, Japan.
Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA 94309 USA.
RP Nishino, Y (reprint author), SPring8 RIKEN, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo, Hyogo 6795148, Japan.
RI Nishino, Yoshinori/A-9927-2008; Ishikawa, Tetsuya/I-4775-2012
OI Nishino, Yoshinori/0000-0002-7215-8013; Ishikawa,
Tetsuya/0000-0002-6906-9909
NR 19
TC 45
Z9 45
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 22
AR 220101
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.220101
PG 4
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 763JN
UT WOS:000188081900001
ER
PT J
AU Noh, H
Lilly, MP
Tsui, DC
Simmons, JA
Pfeiffer, LN
West, KW
AF Noh, H
Lilly, MP
Tsui, DC
Simmons, JA
Pfeiffer, LN
West, KW
TI Linear temperature dependence of conductivity in the apparent insulating
regime of dilute two-dimensional holes in GaAs
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID 2 DIMENSIONS; GAAS/ALXGA1-XAS HETEROSTRUCTURE; ELECTRON-GAS; COULOMB
GAP; TRANSITION; LOCALIZATION; BEHAVIOR; MOBILITY; CRYSTAL
AB The conductivity of extremely high mobility dilute two-dimensional holes in GaAs changes linearly with temperature in the insulating side of the metal-insulator transition. Hopping conduction, characterized by an exponentially decreasing conductivity with decreasing temperature, is not observed when the conductivity is smaller than e(2)/h. We suggest that strong interactions in a regime close to the Wigner crystallization must be playing a role in the unusual transport.
C1 Princeton Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
Bell Labs, Lucent Technol, Murray Hill, NJ 07974 USA.
RP Noh, H (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
RI Noh, Hwayong/A-9196-2013
NR 26
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 24
AR 241308
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.241308
PG 4
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 766TP
UT WOS:000188391900010
ER
PT J
AU Rigamonti, S
Reboredo, FA
Proetto, CR
AF Rigamonti, S
Reboredo, FA
Proetto, CR
TI Exact-exchange density-functional theory applied to a strongly
inhomogeneous electron gas
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID FORMALISM; MOLECULES; SYSTEMS; ENERGY; SEMICONDUCTORS; APPROXIMATIONS;
EXPANSION; LIMIT
AB A recently developed quasi-two-dimensional exact-exchange formalism within the framework of density-functional theory has been applied to a strongly inhomogeneous interacting electron gas. Results are presented for the exchange-hole density at different positions in the system, the exchange-energy density, and the exchange energy per particle. It has been found that the exact exchange hole is strongly nonlocal when evaluated at a point of low density, but that evolves progressively towards a local-density approximation (LDA) hole for increasing density. The exchange-energy density is over (under) estimated by the LDA at the points of high (low) density. The exchange energy per particle shows a pronounced minimum when the system is close to the two-dimensional limit.
C1 Comis Nacl Energia Atom, Ctr Atom Bariloche, RA-8400 San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina.
Inst Balseiro, RA-8400 San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina.
Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Comis Nacl Energia Atom, Ctr Atom Bariloche, RA-8400 San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina.
RI Reboredo, Fernando/B-8391-2009
NR 35
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9950
EI 2469-9969
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 23
AR 235309
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.235309
PG 12
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 764DL
UT WOS:000188186400066
ER
PT J
AU Sadigh, B
Soderlind, P
Wolfer, WG
AF Sadigh, B
Soderlind, P
Wolfer, WG
TI Geometry and electronic structure of alpha-Pu: A theoretical study
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID DELTA-PU; PLUTONIUM; METALS; STATE
AB The highly complex ground-state structure of Pu has been fully relaxed using first-principles forces and the obtained geometry compares very well with experimental data. Ab initio molecular-dynamics (MD) simulations at 300 K further confirm the stability of the relaxed structure, and reveal the nature of the vibrations in this system. In addition, magnetic ordering in alpha-Pu is studied in detail, showing a strong tendency in Pu to develop magnetic moments that vary considerably in magnitude depending on the atomic position in the lattice, with an overall antiparallel alignment. These spin-polarized (SP) calculations reproduce, the experimental bulk modulus of alpha-Pu. Combining the bulk modulus from the SP calculations, and the vibrational contribution to the thermal expansion from the MD simulations, we can account for the anomalous thermal expansion of alpha-Pu.
C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Sadigh, B (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
NR 19
TC 33
Z9 33
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 24
AR 241101
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.241101
PG 4
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 766TP
UT WOS:000188391900001
ER
PT J
AU Schnell, I
Czycholl, G
Albers, RC
AF Schnell, I
Czycholl, G
Albers, RC
TI Unscreened Hartree-Fock calculations for metallic Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu
from ab initio Hamiltonians
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID BAND-STRUCTURE CALCULATIONS; EFFECTIVE-POTENTIAL METHOD; MEAN-FIELD
THEORY; EXACT EXCHANGE; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; CORRELATED SYSTEMS; LDA++
APPROACH; DENSITY; ENERGY; SPECTRA
AB Unscreened Hartree-Fock approximation (HFA) calculations for metallic Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu are presented, by using a quantum-chemical approach. To the best of our knowledge these are the first HFA results to have been done for crystalline 3d transition metals. Our approach uses a linearized muffin-tin orbital calculation to determine Bloch functions for the Hartree one-particle Hamiltonian, and from these obtains maximally localized Wannier functions, using a method proposed by Marzari and Vanderbilt. Within this Wannier basis all relevant one-particle and two-particle Coulomb matrix elements are calculated. The resulting second-quantized multiband Hamiltonian with ab initio parameters is studied within the simplest many-body approximation, namely the unscreened, self-consistent HFA, which takes into account exact exchange and is free of self-interactions. Although the d bands sit considerably lower within HFA than within the local (spin) density approximation LSDA, the exchange splitting and magnetic moments for ferromagnetic Fe, Co, and Ni are only slightly larger in HFA than what is obtained either experimentally or within LSDA. The HFA total energies are lower than the corresponding LSDA calculations. We believe that this same approach can be easily extended to include more sophisticated ab initio many-body treatments of the electronic structure of solids.
C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Univ Bremen, Dept Phys, D-28334 Bremen, Germany.
RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
NR 52
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
EI 1550-235X
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 24
AR 245102
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.245102
PG 11
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 766TP
UT WOS:000188391900025
ER
PT J
AU Wang, GF
Strachan, A
Cagin, T
Goddard, WA
AF Wang, GF
Strachan, A
Cagin, T
Goddard, WA
TI Atomistic simulations of kinks in 1/2a < 111 > screw dislocations in bcc
tantalum
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID CENTERED CUBIC METALS; TRANSITION-METALS; SINGLE-CRYSTALS;
MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; FLOW-STRESS; AB-INITIO; MO; TA; PSEUDOPOTENTIALS;
PLASTICITY
AB Two types of equilibrium core structures (denoted symmetric and asymmetric) for 1/2a<111> screw dislocations in bcc metals have been found in atomistic simulations. In asymmetric (or polarized) cores, the central three atoms simultaneously translate along the Burgers vector direction. This collective displacement of core atoms is called polarization. In contrast, symmetric (nonpolarized) cores have zero core polarization. To examine the possible role of dislocation core in kink-pair formation process, we studied the multiplicity, structural features, and formation energies of 1/3a<112> kinks in 1/2a<111> screw dislocations with different core structures. To do this we used a family of embedded atom model potentials for tantalum (Ta) all of which reproduce bulk properties (density, cohesive energy, and elastic constants) from quantum mechanics calculations but differ in the resulting polarization of 1/2a<111> screw dislocations. For dislocations with asymmetric core, there are two energy equivalent core configurations [with positive (P) and negative (N) polarization], leading to 2 types of (polarization) flips, 8 kinds of isolated kinks, and 16 combinations of kink pairs. We find there are only two elementary kinks, while the others are composites of elementary kinks and flips. In contrast, for screw dislocations with symmetric core, there are only two types of isolated kinks and one kind of kink pair. We find that the equilibrium dislocation core structure of 1/2a<111> screw dislocations is an important factor in determining the kink-pair formation energy.
C1 CALTECH, Beckman Inst 139 74, Mat & Proc Simulat Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM wag@wag.caltech.edu
NR 41
TC 21
Z9 22
U1 1
U2 15
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9950
EI 2469-9969
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 22
AR 224101
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.224101
PG 15
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 763JN
UT WOS:000188081900022
ER
PT J
AU Xu, GY
Viehland, D
Li, JF
Gehring, PM
Shirane, G
AF Xu, GY
Viehland, D
Li, JF
Gehring, PM
Shirane, G
TI Evidence of decoupled lattice distortion and ferroelectric polarization
in the relaxor system PMN-xPT
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; PHASE-TRANSITION; PBMG1/3NB2/3O3;
SCATTERING; BEHAVIOR
AB We report high q-resolution neutron scattering data on PMN-xPT single crystals with x=20% and 27%. No rhombohedral distortion occurs in the 20PT sample for temperatures as low as 50 K. On the other hand, the 27PT sample transforms into a rhombohedral phase below T(C)similar to375 K. Our data provide conclusive evidence that a phase with an average cubic lattice is present in the bulk of this relaxor system at low PT concentration, in which the ferroelectric polarization and lattice distortion are decoupled. The rhombohedral distortion is limited to the outermost tens of microns of the crystal.
C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
Virginia Tech, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
Natl Inst Stand & Technol, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Xu, GY (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RI Xu, Guangyong/A-8707-2010
OI Xu, Guangyong/0000-0003-1441-8275
NR 27
TC 93
Z9 93
U1 3
U2 27
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
EI 1550-235X
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 21
AR 212410
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.212410
PG 4
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 762JD
UT WOS:000187967700015
ER
PT J
AU Yaresko, AN
Antonov, VN
Harmon, BN
AF Yaresko, AN
Antonov, VN
Harmon, BN
TI Electronic structure and x-ray magnetic circular dichroism in uranium
compounds. III. Heavy-fermion compounds
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID RESOLVED PHOTOEMISSION-SPECTROSCOPY; SUPERCONDUCTOR URU2SI2;
NEUTRON-SCATTERING; SURFACE PROPERTIES; QUASI-PARTICLES; BAND-STRUCTURE;
UPT3; UBE13; UPD2AL3; SYSTEMS
AB The electronic structure and x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) spectra of heavy-fermion compounds UPt3, URu2Si2, UPd2Al3, UNi2Al3, and UBe13 are investigated theoretically from first principles, using the fully relativistic Dirac linear muffin-tin orbital band-structure method. The electronic structure is obtained with the local spin-density approximation (LSDA), as well as with a generalization of the LSDA+U method. The origin of the XMCD spectra in the compound is examined.
C1 Max Planck Inst Phys Complex Syst, D-01187 Dresden, Germany.
Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
Inst Met Phys, UA-03142 Kiev, Ukraine.
RP Yaresko, AN (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Phys Complex Syst, D-01187 Dresden, Germany.
EM antonov@ameslab.gov
NR 79
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 1
U2 12
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 21
AR 214426
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.214426
PG 13
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 762JD
UT WOS:000187967700060
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, Y
Weber, WJ
AF Zhang, Y
Weber, WJ
TI Validity of Bragg's rule for heavy-ion stopping in silicon carbide
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID ENERGY-LOSS MEASUREMENTS; CROSS-SECTIONS; ALPHA-PARTICLES; MAXIMUM
VALUES; BINARY THEORY; F-19 IONS; POWERS; AL; SI; HELIUM
AB The stopping powers for O, Al, Cr, Mn, Co, and Cu in a self-supporting SiC film have been measured in transmission geometry over a continuous range of energies using a time-of-flight elastic recoil detection analysis system. These stopping data, along with the stopping data in Si and C obtained using the same ions and measurement technique, are used to assess the validity of the Bragg additivity rule for stopping powers in SiC over a range of ions and energies. Within experimental uncertainties (+/-4%), the results indicate that Bragg's rule is valid in SiC for the ion species and energy regions studied. The measured stopping powers in C, Si, and SiC are also compared with the stopping power predictions of the two most recent versions of the SRIM (stopping and range of ions in matter) codes. While both versions of SRIM show varying degrees of agreement with the measured stopping data, there are significant deviations of the SRIM predictions for some ions and energy regions.
C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Zhang, Y (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM Yanwen.Zhang@pnl.gov
RI Weber, William/A-4177-2008
OI Weber, William/0000-0002-9017-7365
NR 51
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 23
AR 235317
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.235317
PG 7
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 764DL
UT WOS:000188186400074
ER
PT J
AU Ahmed, MW
Cui, X
Empl, A
Hungerford, EV
Lan, KJ
Youn, M
Chrien, RE
Gill, R
Pile, P
Rusek, A
Sutter, R
Bjoraker, J
Dehnhard, D
O'Donnell, JM
Gerald, J
Juengst, H
Liu, JH
Peng, JC
Morris, CL
Riedel, CM
Thiessen, HA
Androic, D
Bertovic, I
Furic, M
Petkovic, T
Planinic, M
Tang, L
Zeps, V
AF Ahmed, MW
Cui, X
Empl, A
Hungerford, EV
Lan, KJ
Youn, M
Chrien, RE
Gill, R
Pile, P
Rusek, A
Sutter, R
Bjoraker, J
Dehnhard, D
O'Donnell, JM
Gerald, J
Juengst, H
Liu, JH
Peng, JC
Morris, CL
Riedel, CM
Thiessen, HA
Androic, D
Bertovic, I
Furic, M
Petkovic, T
Planinic, M
Tang, L
Zeps, V
TI Experimental study of the C-12(K-stopped(-), (pi)0)(Lambda)B-12 reaction
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C
LA English
DT Article
ID K-CAPTURE; HYPERNUCLEI; MATTER; NUCLEI; ENERGY; REST
AB The (K-stopped(-), pi(0)) strangeness and charge changing reaction was investigated by producing a B-12(Lambda) hypernucleus from a carbon target. The branching ratio for K- capture to the ground and p-shell states of this hypernucleus was found to be (0.28+/-0.08) x 10(-3) and (0.35+/-0.09)x10(-3), respectively, which after correction for isospin was lower than a previously measured value for the C-12(K-stopped(-),pi(-)) C-12(Lambda) reaction, but still above the theoretical predictions for the ground state. The experiment obtained a missing-mass resolution comparable to in-flight reactions, however the higher background and lower selectivity of the K-stopped(-) reaction limits its usefulness in the study of new hypernuclear species.
C1 Univ Houston, Dept Phys, Houston, TX 77204 USA.
Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Univ Zagreb, Dept Phys, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
Hampton Univ, Newport News, VA 23606 USA.
Univ Kentucky, Dept Phys, Lexington, KY 40506 USA.
RP Ahmed, MW (reprint author), Duke Univ, Triangle Univ Nucl Lab, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
EM mohammad.ahmed@duke.edu
RI Planinic, Mirko/E-8085-2012; Androic, Darko/A-7482-2008
NR 35
TC 16
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0556-2813
J9 PHYS REV C
JI Phys. Rev. C
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 6
AR 064004
DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.68.064004
PG 13
WC Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA 771DC
UT WOS:000188769500012
ER
PT J
AU Bedaque, PF
Rupak, G
Savage, MJ
AF Bedaque, PF
Rupak, G
Savage, MJ
TI Goldstone bosons in the P-3(2) superfluid phase of neutron matter and
neutrino emission
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C
LA English
DT Article
ID RENORMALIZATION-GROUP APPROACH; EFFECTIVE-FIELD THEORY; STAR MATTER;
NUCLEON; BREAKING; DENSITY
AB At the high densities present in the interior of neutron stars, the neutrons are condensed into the P-3(2) superfluid phase. While this condensation has little impact on the equation of state, it can have an important role in determining the low-temperature energy-momentum transport properties. The spontaneous breaking of baryon number by the condensate gives rise to the familiar Goldstone. boson, but in addition, the spontaneous breaking of rotational invariance by the condensate gives rise to three Goldstone bosons, in general, one for each broken generator of rotations. These Goldstone bosons, which couple to Z(0), provide a new mechanism for neutrino emission. Using a low-energy effective field theory to describe the dynamics of these Goldstone bosons we estimate the neutrino emissivity of dense neutron matter and show that their annihilation is the dominant energy-loss mechanism over a range of temperatures.
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Bedaque, PF (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM pfbedaque@lbl.gov; grupak@lbl.gov; savage@phys.washington.edu
NR 24
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0556-2813
J9 PHYS REV C
JI Phys. Rev. C
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 6
AR 065802
DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.68.065802
PG 7
WC Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA 771DC
UT WOS:000188769500046
ER
PT J
AU Dietrich, FS
Anderson, JD
Bauer, RW
Grimes, SM
AF Dietrich, FS
Anderson, JD
Bauer, RW
Grimes, SM
TI Wick's limit and a new method for estimating neutron reaction cross
sections
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C
LA English
DT Article
ID SIMPLE RAMSAUER MODEL; ELASTIC-SCATTERING; NUCLEI
AB We construct an analytic model to demonstrate qualitatively the correspondence between the measured neutron total cross section and the regions where Wick's limit is actually an equality. This model does not give sufficiently accurate quantitative results, so we extend our calculations by using the nuclear optical model with both local and global parameters. We then demonstrate how Wick's limit can be used to give useful reaction cross-section information.
C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
Ohio Univ, Athens, OH 45701 USA.
RP Dietrich, FS (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
NR 21
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0556-2813
J9 PHYS REV C
JI Phys. Rev. C
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 6
AR 064608
DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.68.064608
PG 9
WC Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA 771DC
UT WOS:000188769500031
ER
PT J
AU Dutta, D
van Westrum, D
Abbott, D
Ahmidouch, A
Amatuoni, TA
Armstrong, C
Arrington, J
Assamagan, KA
Bailey, K
Baker, OK
Barrow, S
Beard, K
Beatty, D
Beedoe, S
Beise, E
Belz, E
Bochna, C
Bosted, PE
Breuer, H
Bruins, EEW
Carlini, R
Cha, J
Chant, N
Cothran, C
Cummings, WJ
Danagoulian, S
Day, D
DeSchepper, D
Ducret, JE
Duncan, F
Dunne, J
Eden, T
Ent, R
Fortune, HT
Frolov, V
Geesaman, DF
Gao, H
Gilman, R
Gueye, P
Hansen, JO
Hinton, W
Holt, RJ
Jackson, C
Jackson, HE
Jones, C
Kaufman, S
Kelly, JJ
Keppel, C
Khandaker, M
Kim, W
Kinney, E
Klein, A
Koltenuk, D
Kramer, L
Lorenzon, W
Lung, A
McFarlane, K
Mack, DJ
Madey, R
Markowitz, P
Martin, J
Mateos, A
Meekins, D
Miller, MA
Milner, R
Mitchell, J
Mohring, R
Mkrtchyan, H
Nathan, AM
Niculescu, G
Niculescu, I
O'Neill, TG
Potterveld, D
Price, JW
Reinhold, J
Salgado, C
Schiffer, JP
Segel, RE
Stoler, P
Suleiman, R
Tadevosyan, V
Tang, L
Terburg, B
Welch, TP
Williamson, C
Wood, S
Yan, C
Yang, JC
Yu, J
Zeidman, B
Zhao, W
Zihlmann, B
AF Dutta, D
van Westrum, D
Abbott, D
Ahmidouch, A
Amatuoni, TA
Armstrong, C
Arrington, J
Assamagan, KA
Bailey, K
Baker, OK
Barrow, S
Beard, K
Beatty, D
Beedoe, S
Beise, E
Belz, E
Bochna, C
Bosted, PE
Breuer, H
Bruins, EEW
Carlini, R
Cha, J
Chant, N
Cothran, C
Cummings, WJ
Danagoulian, S
Day, D
DeSchepper, D
Ducret, JE
Duncan, F
Dunne, J
Eden, T
Ent, R
Fortune, HT
Frolov, V
Geesaman, DF
Gao, H
Gilman, R
Gueye, P
Hansen, JO
Hinton, W
Holt, RJ
Jackson, C
Jackson, HE
Jones, C
Kaufman, S
Kelly, JJ
Keppel, C
Khandaker, M
Kim, W
Kinney, E
Klein, A
Koltenuk, D
Kramer, L
Lorenzon, W
Lung, A
McFarlane, K
Mack, DJ
Madey, R
Markowitz, P
Martin, J
Mateos, A
Meekins, D
Miller, MA
Milner, R
Mitchell, J
Mohring, R
Mkrtchyan, H
Nathan, AM
Niculescu, G
Niculescu, I
O'Neill, TG
Potterveld, D
Price, JW
Reinhold, J
Salgado, C
Schiffer, JP
Segel, RE
Stoler, P
Suleiman, R
Tadevosyan, V
Tang, L
Terburg, B
Welch, TP
Williamson, C
Wood, S
Yan, C
Yang, JC
Yu, J
Zeidman, B
Zhao, W
Zihlmann, B
TI Quasielastic (e, e ' p) reaction on C-12, Fe-56, and Au-197
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C
LA English
DT Article
ID ELECTROMAGNETIC FORM-FACTORS; FREE E,E'P REACTIONS; NUCLEAR
TRANSPARENCY; ELECTRON-SCATTERING; PROTON PROPAGATION; ENERGY ELECTRONS;
FINITE NUCLEI; DEPENDENCE; APPROXIMATION; MOMENTUM
AB We report the results from a systematic study of the quasielastic (e, e'p) reaction on C-12, Fe-56, and Au-197 performed at Jefferson Lab. We have measured nuclear transparency and extracted spectral functions (corrected for radiation) over a Q(2) range of 0.64-3.25 (GeV/c)(2) for all three nuclei. In addition, we have extracted separated longitudinal and transverse spectral functions at Q(2) of 0.64 and 1.8 (GeV/c)(2) for these three nuclei (except for Au-197 at the higher Q(2)). The spectral functions are compared to a number of theoretical calculations. The measured spectral functions differ in detail but not in overall shape from most of the theoretical models. In all three targets the measured spectral functions show considerable excess transverse strength at Q(2)=0.64 (GeV/c)(2), which is much reduced at 1.8 (GeV/c)(2).
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
Chungnam Natl Univ, Taejon 305764, South Korea.
Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
Florida Int Univ, Miami, FL 33199 USA.
Hampton Univ, Hampton, VA 23668 USA.
Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA.
Kyungpook Natl Univ, Taegu, South Korea.
Univ Illinois, Champaign, IL 61801 USA.
MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
Norfolk State Univ, Norfolk, VA 23504 USA.
N Carolina Agr & Tech State Univ, Greensboro, NC 27411 USA.
Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60201 USA.
Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
Old Dominion Univ, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA.
Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Troy, NY 12180 USA.
Rutgers State Univ, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA.
Ctr Etud Saclay, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA.
Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA.
William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA.
Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan, Armenia.
RP Dutta, D (reprint author), Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
RI Gao, Haiyan/G-2589-2011; Arrington, John/D-1116-2012; Holt,
Roy/E-5803-2011; Day, Donal/C-5020-2015
OI Arrington, John/0000-0002-0702-1328; Day, Donal/0000-0001-7126-8934
NR 56
TC 41
Z9 41
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0556-2813
EI 1089-490X
J9 PHYS REV C
JI Phys. Rev. C
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 6
AR 064603
DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.68.064603
PG 17
WC Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA 771DC
UT WOS:000188769500026
ER
PT J
AU Guttormsen, M
Bagheri, A
Chankova, R
Rekstad, J
Siem, S
Schiller, A
Voinov, A
AF Guttormsen, M
Bagheri, A
Chankova, R
Rekstad, J
Siem, S
Schiller, A
Voinov, A
TI Thermal properties and radiative strengths in Dy-160,Dy-161,Dy-162
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C
LA English
DT Article
ID NUCLEAR-LEVEL DENSITIES; GAMMA-RAY STRENGTH; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; SPECTRA;
DY-162
AB The level densities and radiative strength functions (RSFs) in Dy-160,Dy-161 have been extracted using the (He-3, alphagamma) and (He-3, He-3' gamma) reactions, respectively. The data are compared to previous measurements on Dy-161,Dy-162. The energy distribution in the canonical ensemble is discussed with respect to the nucleon Cooper pair breaking process. The gross properties of the RSF are described by the giant electric dipole resonance. The RSF at low gamma-ray energies is discussed with respect to temperature dependency. Resonance parameters of a soft dipole resonance at Egammasimilar to3 MeV are deduced.
C1 Univ Oslo, Dept Phys, N-0316 Oslo, Norway.
Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
Joint Inst Nucl Res, Neutron Phys Lab, Dubna 141980, Moscow Region, Russia.
RP Guttormsen, M (reprint author), Univ Oslo, Dept Phys, POB 1048, N-0316 Oslo, Norway.
EM magne.guttormsen@fys.uio.no
NR 29
TC 58
Z9 58
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0556-2813
J9 PHYS REV C
JI Phys. Rev. C
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 6
AR 064306
DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.68.064306
PG 10
WC Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA 771DC
UT WOS:000188769500018
ER
PT J
AU Hayes, AC
AF Hayes, AC
TI Inadequacy of scaling arguments for neutrino cross sections
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C
LA English
DT Article
ID NUCLEAR-STRUCTURE; STATES; CAPTURE
AB The problem with the use of scaling arguments for simultaneous studies of different weak interaction processes is discussed. When different neutrino scattering cross sections involving quite different momentum transfers are being compared it is difficult to define a meaningful single scaling factor to renormalize calculated cross sections. It has been suggested that the use of such scaling can be used to estimate high-energy neutrino cross sections from low-energy neutrino cross sections. This argument has lead to questions on the consistency of the magnitude of the Liquid Scintillating Neutrino Detector (LSND) muon neutrino cross sections on C-12 relative to other lower-energy weak processes. The issue is revisited here and from inspection of the structure of the form factors involved it is seen that the problem arises from a poor description of the transition form factors at high-momentum transfer. When wave functions that reproduce the transverse magnetic inelastic (e, e') scattering form factor for the 15.11 MeV state in C-12 are used there is no longer a need for scaling the axial current, and the different weak interactions rates involving the T=1 1(+) triplet in mass 12 are consistent with one another.
C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Hayes, AC (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
NR 18
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0556-2813
EI 1089-490X
J9 PHYS REV C
JI Phys. Rev. C
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 6
AR 067302
DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.68.067302
PG 3
WC Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA 771DC
UT WOS:000188769500051
ER
PT J
AU Hirano, T
Nara, Y
AF Hirano, T
Nara, Y
TI Pseudorapidity dependence of parton energy loss in relativistic heavy
ion collisions
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C
LA English
DT Article
ID P(T) AZIMUTHAL ASYMMETRY; PHASE-TRANSITION; GLUON RADIATION; QCD;
DISTRIBUTIONS; SUPPRESSION; EVOLUTION; EXPANSION; OPACITY; PLASMA
AB We analyze the recent data from the BRAHMS Collaboration on the pseudorapidity dependence of nuclear modification factors in Au+Au collisions at roots(NN)=200 GeV by using the full three dimensional hydrodynamic simulations for the density effects on parton energy loss. We first compute the transverse spectra at eta=0 and 2.2, and next take a ratio R-eta=R-AA(eta=2.2)/R-AA(eta=0), where R-AA is a nuclear modification factor. It is shown that hydrodynamic components account for R-eta similar or equal to 1 at low p(T) and that quenched perturbative QCD components lead to R-eta<1 at high PT which are consistent with the data. Strong suppression at eta=2.2 is compatible with the parton energy loss in the final state.
C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
Univ Arizona, Dept Phys, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
RP Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
NR 64
TC 27
Z9 27
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9985
EI 2469-9993
J9 PHYS REV C
JI Phys. Rev. C
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 6
AR 064902
DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.68.064902
PG 5
WC Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA 771DC
UT WOS:000188769500037
ER
PT J
AU Ioffe, BL
Kharzeev, DE
AF Ioffe, BL
Kharzeev, DE
TI Quarkonium polarization in heavy ion collisions as a possible signature
of the quark-gluon plasma
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C
LA English
DT Article
ID ANOMALOUS J/PSI SUPPRESSION; PI-N INTERACTIONS; PB-PB COLLISIONS;
HIGH-DENSITY QCD; S-U INTERACTIONS; PSI-SUPPRESSION; NUCLEAR COLLISIONS;
CHARMONIUM PRODUCTION; HADRONIC COLLISIONS; COMOVERS APPROACH
AB The polarization of quarkonium states produced in hadron collisions exhibits strong nonperturbative effects-for example, at small transverse momentum p(t) charmonia appear unpolarized, in sharp contradiction to the predictions of perturbation theory. The quark-gluon plasma is expected to screen away the nonperturbative physics; therefore those quarkonia which escape from the plasma should possess polarization as predicted by perturbative QCD. We estimate the expected J/psi polarization at small p(t), and find that it translates into the asymmetry of the e(+)e(-)(mu(+),mu(-)) angular distribution W(theta)similar to1 + alphacos(2)theta, with alphasimilar or equal to0.35-0.4.
C1 Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117218, Russia.
Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, B Cheremushkinskaya 25, Moscow 117218, Russia.
NR 38
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9985
EI 2469-9993
J9 PHYS REV C
JI Phys. Rev. C
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 6
AR 061902
DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.68.061902
PG 3
WC Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA 771DC
UT WOS:000188769500008
ER
PT J
AU Lagergren, K
Clark, RM
Fallon, P
Gorgen, A
Issa, T
Janssens, RVF
Johnson, A
Macchiavelli, AO
Milechina, L
Sarantites, DG
Wyss, R
AF Lagergren, K
Clark, RM
Fallon, P
Gorgen, A
Issa, T
Janssens, RVF
Johnson, A
Macchiavelli, AO
Milechina, L
Sarantites, DG
Wyss, R
TI Shape evolution in the superdeformed A approximate to 80-90 mass region
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C
LA English
DT Article
ID HIGH-SPIN STATES; RESPONSE CHARACTERISTICS; CHANNEL-SELECTION;
MEAN-FIELD; GAMMASPHERE; TRANSITIONS; NUCLEI; BANDS; MO-88
AB Superdeformed bands in Mo-88, Tc-89, and Tc-91 were populated using a Ca-40 beam with an energy of 185 MeV, impinging on a backed Ni-58 target. gamma rays and charged particles emitted in the reactions were detected using the Gammasphere Ge detector array and the CsI(TI) array Microball. Average transition quadrupole moments Q(t) with significantly improved accuracy compared to earlier work, were deduced for the bands using the residual doppler shift technique. The experimental results were included into a systematic study of the Q(t) values throughout the superdeformed mass 80-90 region. The superdeformed shell gaps are predicted to move towards larger deformations with increasing Z and N in this mass region. This trend is confirmed by the experimental Q(t) values.
C1 Royal Inst Technol, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
Washington Univ, Dept Chem, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.
RP Lagergren, K (reprint author), Royal Inst Technol, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
NR 24
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0556-2813
J9 PHYS REV C
JI Phys. Rev. C
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 6
AR 064309
DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.68.064309
PG 5
WC Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA 771DC
UT WOS:000188769500021
ER
PT J
AU Moretto, LG
Elliott, JB
Phair, L
AF Moretto, LG
Elliott, JB
Phair, L
TI Resistible effects of Coulomb interaction on nucleus-vapor phase
coexistence
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C
LA English
DT Article
ID TRANSITION; REGION
AB We explore the effects of Coulomb interaction upon the nuclear liquid vapor phase transition. Because large nuclei (A>30) are metastable objects, phases, phase coexistence, and phase transitions cannot be defined with any generality and the analogy to liquid vapor is Ill. posed for these heavy systems. However, it is possible to account for the Coulomb interaction in the decay rates and obtain the coexistence phase diagram for the corresponding uncharged system.
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Moretto, LG (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
NR 13
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0556-2813
J9 PHYS REV C
JI Phys. Rev. C
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 6
AR 061602
DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.68.061602
PG 5
WC Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA 771DC
UT WOS:000188769500006
ER
PT J
AU Tomandl, I
Honz tko, J
von Egidy, T
Wirth, HF
Belgya, T
Lakatos, M
Szentmiklosi, L
Revay, Z
Moln r, GL
Firestone, RB
Bondarenko, V
AF Tomandl, I
Honz tko, J
von Egidy, T
Wirth, HF
Belgya, T
Lakatos, M
Szentmiklosi, L
Revay, Z
Moln r, GL
Firestone, RB
Bondarenko, V
TI Thermal neutron capture cross sections of tellurium isotopes
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C
LA English
DT Article
ID NUCLEAR-STRUCTURE; RESONANCE INTEGRALS; GAMMA; ACTIVATION; N,GAMMA;
ISOMERS; CATALOG; RATIOS; PGAA
AB New values for thermal neutron capture cross sections of the tellurium isotopes Te-122, Te-124, Te-125, Te-126, Te-128, and Te-130 are reported. These values are based on a combination of newly determined partial gamma-ray cross sections obtained from experiments on targets contained natural Te and gamma intensities per capture of individual Te isotopes. Isomeric ratios for the thermal neutron capture on the even tellurium isotopes are also given.
C1 Inst Phys Nucl, Rez 25068, Czech Republic.
Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
Hungarian Acad Sci, Chem Res Ctr, Inst Isotope & Surface Chem, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Latvian State Univ, Inst Solid State Phys, LV-1063 Riga, Latvia.
RP Tomandl, I (reprint author), Inst Phys Nucl, Rez 25068, Czech Republic.
RI Tomandl, Ivo/G-7816-2014; Szentmiklosi, Laszlo/F-5362-2015
OI Szentmiklosi, Laszlo/0000-0001-7747-8545
NR 28
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 8
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0556-2813
EI 1089-490X
J9 PHYS REV C
JI Phys. Rev. C
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 6
AR 067602
DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.68.067602
PG 4
WC Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA 771DC
UT WOS:000188769500054
ER
PT J
AU Blum, T
Chen, P
Christ, N
Cristian, C
Dawson, C
Fleming, G
Mawhinney, R
Ohta, S
Siegert, G
Soni, A
Vranas, P
Wingate, M
Wu, L
Zhestkov, Y
AF Blum, T
Chen, P
Christ, N
Cristian, C
Dawson, C
Fleming, G
Mawhinney, R
Ohta, S
Siegert, G
Soni, A
Vranas, P
Wingate, M
Wu, L
Zhestkov, Y
TI Kaon matrix elements and CP violation from quenched lattice QCD: The
3-flavor case
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D
LA English
DT Article
ID CHIRAL PERTURBATION-THEORY; TO-LEADING ORDER; ANOMALOUS DIMENSION
MATRIX; WEAK NONLEPTONIC DECAYS; NON-LEPTONIC DECAYS; 6-QUARK MODEL;
NONPERTURBATIVE RENORMALIZATION; 4-FERMION OPERATORS; STRANGE PARTICLES;
DELTA-I=1/2 RULE
AB We report the results of a calculation of the K-->pipi matrix elements relevant for the DeltaI=1/2 rule and epsilon'/epsilon in quenched lattice QCD using domain wall fermions at a fixed lattice spacing a(-1)similar to2 GeV. Working in the three-quark effective theory, where only the u, d, and s quarks enter and which is known perturbatively to next-to-leading order, we calculate the lattice K-->pi and K-->\0> matrix elements of dimension six, four-fermion operators. Through lowest order chiral perturbation theory these yield K-->pipi matrix elements, which we then normalize to continuum values through a nonperturbative renormalization technique. For the ratio of isospin amplitudes \A(0)\/\A(2)\ we find a value of 25.3+/-1.8 (statistical error only) compared to the experimental value of 22.2, with individual isospin amplitudes 10%-20% below the experimental values. For epsilon'/epsilon, using known central values for standard model parameters, we calculate (-4.0+/-2.3)x10(-4) (statistical error only) compared to the current experimental average of (17.2+/-1.8)x10(-4). Because we find a large cancellation between the I=0 and I=2 contributions to epsilon'/epsilon, the result may be very sensitive to the approximations employed. Among these are the use of quenched QCD, lowest order chiral perturbation theory, and continuum perturbation theory below 1.3 GeV. We also calculate the kaon B parameter B-K and find B-K,B-(MS) over bar(2 GeV)=0.532(11). Although currently unable to give a reliable systematic error, we have control over statistical errors and more simulations will yield information about the effects of the approximations on this first-principles determination of these important quantities.
C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA.
Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
KEK, Inst Particle & Nucl Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan.
IBM Res Corp, Yorktown Hts, NY 10598 USA.
RP Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RI Fleming, George/L-6614-2013;
OI Fleming, George/0000-0002-4987-7167; Wingate,
Matthew/0000-0001-6568-988X
NR 87
TC 81
Z9 81
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2470-0010
EI 2470-0029
J9 PHYS REV D
JI Phys. Rev. D
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 11
AR 114506
DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.68.114506
PG 70
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA 761DU
UT WOS:000187885400040
ER
PT J
AU Carena, M
de Gouvea, A
Freitas, A
Schmitt, M
AF Carena, M
de Gouvea, A
Freitas, A
Schmitt, M
TI Invisible Z-boson decays at e(+)e(-) colliders
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D
LA English
DT Article
ID FORWARD-BACKWARD ASYMMETRIES; SINGLE-PHOTON PRODUCTION; Z-RESONANCE
PARAMETERS; ELECTROWEAK PARAMETERS; MISSING ENERGY; ELECTROMAGNETIC
PROPERTIES; PRECISE DETERMINATION; MAJORANA NEUTRINOS; EXTRA DIMENSIONS;
CROSS-SECTIONS
AB The measurement of the invisible Z-boson decay width at e(+)e(-) colliders can be done "indirectly," by subtracting the Z-boson visible partial widths from the Z-boson total width, or "directly," from the process e(+)e(-)-->gammanu(nu) over bar. Both procedures are sensitive to different types of new physics and provide information about the couplings of the neutrinos to the Z boson. At present, measurements at CERN LEP and CHARM II are capable of constraining the left-handed Znu(nu) over bar coupling, 0.45less than or similar tog(L)less than or similar to0.5, while the right-handed one is only mildly bounded, \g(R)\less than or equal to0.2. We show that measurements at a future e(+)e(-) linear collider at different center-of-mass energies, roots=m(Z) and rootsapproximate to170 GeV, would translate into a markedly more precise measurement of the Znu(nu) over bar couplings. A statistically significant deviation from standard model predictions will point toward different new physics mechanisms, depending on whether the discrepancy appears in the direct or the indirect measurement of the invisible Z width. We discuss some scenarios which illustrate the ability of different invisible Z-boson decay measurements to constrain new physics beyond the standard model.
C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Div Theoret Phys, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
Northwestern Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
RP Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Div Theoret Phys, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
NR 63
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2470-0010
EI 2470-0029
J9 PHYS REV D
JI Phys. Rev. D
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 11
AR 113007
DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.68.113007
PG 16
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA 761DU
UT WOS:000187885400010
ER
PT J
AU Chacko, Z
Perazzi, E
AF Chacko, Z
Perazzi, E
TI Extra dimensions at the weak scale and deviations from Newtonian gravity
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D
LA English
DT Article
ID MACROSCOPIC FORCES; TEV; MILLIMETER; HIERARCHY; COMPACTIFICATION;
SUPERSYMMETRY; SUPERSTRINGS; UNIFICATION; BREAKING; MODULUS
AB We consider theories in which the standard model gauge fields propagate in extra dimensions whose size is around the electroweak scale. The standard model quarks and leptons may either be localized to a brane or propagate in the bulk. This class of theories includes models of Scherk-Schwarz supersymmetry breaking and universal extra dimensions. We consider the problem of stabilizing the volume of the extra dimensions. We find that for a large class of stabilization mechanisms the field which corresponds to fluctuations of the volume remains light even after stabilization, and has a mass in the 10(-3) eV range. In particular this is the case if stabilization does not involve dynamics at scales larger than the cutoff of the higher dimensional standard model, and if the effective theory below the compactification scale is four dimensional. The mass of this field is protected against large radiative corrections by the general covariance of the higher dimensional theory and by the weakness of its couplings, which are Planck suppressed. Its couplings to matter mediate forces whose strength is comparable to that of gravity and which can give rise to potentially observable deviations from Newton's law at submillimeter distances. Current experiments investigating short distance gravity can probe extra dimensions too small to be accessible to current collider experiments. In particular for a single extra dimension stabilized by the Casimir energy of the standard model fields compactification radii as small as 5 inverse TeV are accessible to current submillimeter gravity experiments.
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Theoret Phys Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Yale Univ, Dept Phys, Sloane Lab, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.
RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM zchacko@thsrv.lbl.gov; elena.perazzi@yale.edu
NR 38
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2470-0010
EI 2470-0029
J9 PHYS REV D
JI Phys. Rev. D
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 11
AR 115002
DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.68.115002
PG 5
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA 761DU
UT WOS:000187885400042
ER
PT J
AU Herczeg, P
AF Herczeg, P
TI CP-violating electron-nucleon interactions from leptoquark exchange
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D
LA English
DT Article
ID SU(15) GRAND UNIFICATION; DIPOLE MOMENT; LIGHT LEPTOQUARKS; TENSOR
CHARGE; T-VIOLATION; SUPERSYMMETRIC THEORIES; STANDARD MODEL;
P-VIOLATION; ODD; PROTON
AB We investigate the CP-violating electron-quark interactions arising from the exchange of spin-1 and spin-0 leptoquarks coupled to the first fermion family and deduce the bounds on the CP-violating products of the effective leptoquark-fermion coupling constants from experimental limits on CP-violating electron-nucleon interactions.
C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
NR 85
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2470-0010
EI 2470-0029
J9 PHYS REV D
JI Phys. Rev. D
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 11
AR 116004
DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.68.116004
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA 761DU
UT WOS:000187885400053
ER
PT J
AU Horvath, I
Dong, SJ
Draper, T
Lee, FX
Liu, KF
Mathur, N
Thacker, HB
Zhang, JB
AF Horvath, I
Dong, SJ
Draper, T
Lee, FX
Liu, KF
Mathur, N
Thacker, HB
Zhang, JB
TI Low-dimensional long-range topological charge structure in the QCD
vacuum
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D
LA English
DT Article
ID CHIRAL-SYMMETRY; LATTICE QCD; FERMIONS; ULTRALOCALITY; CONSTRUCTION
AB While sign-coherent 4-dimensional structures cannot dominate topological charge fluctuations in the QCD vacuum at all scales due to reflection positivity, it is possible that enhanced coherence exists over extended space-time regions of lower dimension. Using the overlap Dirac operator to calculate topological charge density, we present evidence for such structure in pure-glue SU(3) lattice gauge theory. It is found that a typical equilibrium configuration is dominated by two oppositely charged sign-coherent connected structures ("sheets") covering about 80% of space-time. Each sheet is built from elementary 3D cubes connected through 2D faces, and approximates a low-dimensional curved manifold (or possibly a fractal structure) embedded in the 4D space. At the heart of the sheet is a "skeleton" formed by about 18% of the most intense space-time points organized into a global long-range structure, involving connected parts spreading over maximal possible distances. We find that the skeleton is locally 1-dimensional and propose that its geometrical properties might be relevant for understanding the possible role of topological charge fluctuations in the physics of chiral symmetry breaking.
C1 Univ Kentucky, Dept Phys, Lexington, KY 40506 USA.
George Washington Univ, Ctr Nucl Studies, Washington, DC 20052 USA.
George Washington Univ, Dept Phys, Washington, DC 20052 USA.
Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA.
Univ Virginia, Dept Phys, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA.
Univ Adelaide, CSSM, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
RP Univ Kentucky, Dept Phys, Lexington, KY 40506 USA.
NR 32
TC 73
Z9 73
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2470-0010
EI 2470-0029
J9 PHYS REV D
JI Phys. Rev. D
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 11
AR 114505
DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.68.114505
PG 7
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA 761DU
UT WOS:000187885400039
ER
PT J
AU Jager, B
Stratmann, M
Vogelsang, W
AF Jager, B
Stratmann, M
Vogelsang, W
TI Longitudinally polarized photoproduction of inclusive hadrons beyond the
leading order
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D
LA English
DT Article
ID EP COLLIDER HERA; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; QCD CORRECTIONS; PHOTON;
COLLISIONS; JETS
AB We present a complete next-to-leading order QCD calculation for single-inclusive large-p(T) hadron production in longitudinally polarized lepton-nucleon collisions, consistently including "direct" and "resolved" photon contributions. This process could be studied experimentally at a future polarized lepton-proton collider such as eRHIC at BNL. We examine the sensitivity of such measurements to the so far completely unknown parton content of circularly polarized photons.
C1 Univ Regensburg, Inst Theoret Phys, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany.
Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Univ Regensburg, Inst Theoret Phys, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany.
NR 26
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2470-0010
EI 2470-0029
J9 PHYS REV D
JI Phys. Rev. D
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 11
AR 114018
DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.68.114018
PG 6
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA 761DU
UT WOS:000187885400032
ER
PT J
AU Kidonakis, N
Vogt, R
AF Kidonakis, N
Vogt, R
TI Next-to-next-to-leading order soft-gluon corrections in top quark
hadroproduction
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D
LA English
DT Article
ID QCD HARD SCATTERING; HADRON HADRON-COLLISIONS; HEAVY-QUARK;
CROSS-SECTIONS; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; RESUMMATION
AB We calculate next-to-next-to-leading order soft-gluon corrections to top quark total and differential cross sections in hadron colliders. We increase the accuracy of our previous estimates by including additional subleading terms, including next-to-next-to-next-to-leading-logarithmic and some virtual terms. We show that the kinematics dependence of the cross section vanishes near threshold and is reduced away from it. The factorization and renormalization scale dependence of the cross section is also greatly reduced. We present results for the top quark total cross sections and transverse momentum distributions at the Fermilab Tevatron and the CERN LHC.
C1 Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Lab, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RP Kidonakis, N (reprint author), Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Lab, Madingley Rd, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England.
NR 24
TC 201
Z9 200
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0556-2821
J9 PHYS REV D
JI Phys. Rev. D
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 11
AR 114014
DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.68.114014
PG 15
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA 761DU
UT WOS:000187885400028
ER
PT J
AU Kowalski, H
Teaney, D
AF Kowalski, H
Teaney, D
TI Impact parameter dipole saturation model
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D
LA English
DT Article
ID DEEP-INELASTIC-SCATTERING; GLUON DISTRIBUTION-FUNCTIONS; HIGH-ENERGY
SCATTERING; HIGH-DENSITY QCD; NONLINEAR EVOLUTION; BFKL POMERON;
DIFFRACTION DISSOCIATION; ELASTIC PHOTOPRODUCTION; QUANTUM
CHROMODYNAMICS; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS
AB We develop a dipole model for DESY HERA deep inelastic scattering data which incorporates the impact parameter distribution of the proton. The model describes the inclusive total gamma*p cross sections as well as the diffractive J/psi differential cross sections. We compare the model with previous approaches and show that the t distributions are sensitive to saturation phenomena. We estimate the boundary of the saturation region and show that it dominates the data in the low-Q(2) region where the total gamma*p cross section exhibits the same universal rise as hadronic cross sections. The model is then extended to nuclei and shows good agreement with the nuclear shadowing data at small x. Finally, we estimate the saturation scale in nuclei.
C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA.
DESY, D-2000 Hamburg, Germany.
RP Kowalski, H (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
NR 68
TC 60
Z9 60
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0556-2821
J9 PHYS REV D
JI Phys. Rev. D
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 11
AR 114005
DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.68.114005
PG 18
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA 761DU
UT WOS:000187885400019
ER
PT J
AU Lillie, B
Hewett, JL
AF Lillie, B
Hewett, JL
TI Flavor constraints on split fermion models
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D
LA English
DT Article
ID EXTRA DIMENSIONS; CP VIOLATION; DARK-MATTER; MILLIMETER; PARTICLE;
DECAYS; TEV
AB We examine the contributions to rare processes that arise in models where the standard model fermions are localized at distinct points in compact extra dimensions. Tree-level flavor changing neutral current interactions for the Kaluza-Klein gauge field excitations are induced in such models, and hence strong constraints are thought to exist on the size of the additional dimensions. We find a general parametrization of the model which does not depend on any specific fermion geography and show that typical values of the parameters can reproduce the fermion hierarchy pattern. Using this parametrization, we reexamine the contributions to neutral meson mixing, rare meson decays, and single top-quark production in e(+)e(-) collisions. We find that it is possible to evade the stringent bounds for natural regions of the parameters, while retaining finite separations between the fermion fields and without introducing a new hierarchy. The resulting limits on the size of the compact dimension can be as low as TeV-1.
C1 Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA.
RP Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA.
NR 47
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2470-0010
EI 2470-0029
J9 PHYS REV D
JI Phys. Rev. D
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 11
AR 116002
DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.68.116002
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA 761DU
UT WOS:000187885400051
ER
PT J
AU Sanchez, M
Allison, WWM
Alner, GJ
Ayres, DS
Barrett, WL
Border, PM
Cobb, JH
Cockerill, DJA
Courant, H
Demuth, DM
Fields, TH
Gallagher, HR
Goodman, MC
Joffe-Minor, T
Kafka, T
Kasahara, SMS
Litchfield, PJ
Mann, WA
Marshak, ML
Milburn, RH
Miller, WH
Mualem, L
Nelson, JK
Napier, A
Oliver, WP
Pearce, GF
Peterson, EA
Petyt, DA
Ruddick, K
Schneps, J
Sousa, A
Speakman, B
Thron, JL
West, N
AF Sanchez, M
Allison, WWM
Alner, GJ
Ayres, DS
Barrett, WL
Border, PM
Cobb, JH
Cockerill, DJA
Courant, H
Demuth, DM
Fields, TH
Gallagher, HR
Goodman, MC
Joffe-Minor, T
Kafka, T
Kasahara, SMS
Litchfield, PJ
Mann, WA
Marshak, ML
Milburn, RH
Miller, WH
Mualem, L
Nelson, JK
Napier, A
Oliver, WP
Pearce, GF
Peterson, EA
Petyt, DA
Ruddick, K
Schneps, J
Sousa, A
Speakman, B
Thron, JL
West, N
TI Measurement of the L/E distributions of atmospheric nu in Soudan 2 and
their interpretation as neutrino oscillations
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D
LA English
DT Article
ID TRACKING CALORIMETER MODULES; GEV ENERGY-RANGE; NUCLEON-DECAY; FLUX;
RATIO; DETECTOR; SEARCH
AB A deficit of atmospheric nu(mu) events, consistent with the hypothesis of neutrino oscillations, is observed in the 5.90 kiloton-year fiducial exposure of the Soudan 2 detector. An unbinned maximum likelihood analysis of the neutrino L/E distribution has been carried out using the Feldman-Cousins prescription. The probability of the no oscillation hypothesis is 5.8x10(-4). The 90% confidence allowed region in the sin(2)2theta,Deltam(2) plane is presented. The region includes the 90% confidence allowed region of the Super-K experiment.
C1 Tufts Univ, Medford, MA 02155 USA.
Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford OX1 3RH, England.
Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England.
Western Washington Univ, Bellingham, WA 98225 USA.
RP Tufts Univ, Medford, MA 02155 USA.
NR 39
TC 145
Z9 148
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2470-0010
EI 2470-0029
J9 PHYS REV D
JI Phys. Rev. D
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 11
AR 113004
DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.68.113004
PG 14
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA 761DU
UT WOS:000187885400007
ER
PT J
AU Schafer, T
AF Schafer, T
TI Instantons and scalar multiquark states: From small to large N-c
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D
LA English
DT Article
ID QCD; SCATTERING; MESON; DENSITY; HADRONS; PHENOMENOLOGY; PSEUDOSCALAR;
FERMIONS; VACUUM; LIQUID
AB We study scalar ((q) over barq) and ((q) over barq)(2) correlation functions in the instanton liquid model. We show that the instanton liquid supports a light scalar-isoscalar (sigma) meson, and that this state is strongly coupled to both ((q) over barq) and ((q) over barq)(2). The scalar-isovector a(0) meson, on the other hand, is heavy. We also show that these properties are specific to QCD with three colors. In the large N-c limit the scalar-isoscalar meson is not light, and it is mainly coupled to ((q) over barq).
C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC USA.
Brookhaven Natl Lab, Riken BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC USA.
NR 47
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2470-0010
EI 2470-0029
J9 PHYS REV D
JI Phys. Rev. D
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 11
AR 114017
DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.68.114017
PG 8
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA 761DU
UT WOS:000187885400031
ER
PT J
AU Badyal, YS
Bafile, U
Miyazaki, K
de Schepper, IM
Montfrooij, W
AF Badyal, YS
Bafile, U
Miyazaki, K
de Schepper, IM
Montfrooij, W
TI Cage diffusion in liquid mercury
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E
LA English
DT Article
ID X-RAY-SCATTERING; COLLECTIVE DYNAMICS; COLLOIDAL SUSPENSIONS;
MELTING-POINT; DENSITY-FLUCTUATIONS; NEUTRON; LITHIUM; FLUIDS; SODIUM;
MODE
AB We present inelastic neutron scattering measurements on liquid mercury at room temperature for wave numbers q in the range 0.3 L-c, the critical manifold is rough. We develop a scaling theory for L-c and find that in two dimensions L(c)approximate togx(2)(y), while in three dimensions L(c)approximate tog exp(bx(3)(y)), where x=epsilon/(1-epsilon) and b is a constant. Data from realistic polycrystalline grain structures are used to test the scaling theory. The exact lowest energy surface through model grain structures is found using a mapping to the minimum-cut/maximum-flow problem in computer science. As a function of grain-boundary energy, we observe the crossover from grain-boundary rupture to mixed mode failure (a mixture of transgramular and intergranular modes) and finally cleavage and that the two-dimensional data are consistent with y(2)approximate to3.0+/-0.3, while the three-dimensional data are more difficult to analyze, but are consistent with y(3)approximate to3.5+/-1.0.
C1 Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
Michigan State Univ, Ctr Fundamental Mat Res, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
Sandia Natl Labs, Theoret & Computat Mat Modeling Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
EM duxbury@pa.msu.edu
RI Holm, Elizabeth/S-2612-2016
OI Holm, Elizabeth/0000-0003-3064-5769
NR 28
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2470-0045
EI 2470-0053
J9 PHYS REV E
JI Phys. Rev. E
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 6
AR 066107
DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.68.066107
PN 2
PG 12
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical
SC Physics
GA 765XQ
UT WOS:000188316700022
PM 14754269
ER
PT J
AU Scheel, JD
Paul, MR
Cross, MC
Fischer, PF
AF Scheel, JD
Paul, MR
Cross, MC
Fischer, PF
TI Traveling waves in rotating Rayleigh-Benard convection: Analysis of
modes and mean flow
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E
LA English
DT Article
ID PHASE DIFFUSION; EQUATIONS; CONTAINERS; STABILITY; NUMBERS
AB Numerical simulations of the Boussinesq equations with rotation for realistic no-slip boundary conditions and a finite annular domain are presented. These simulations reproduce traveling waves observed experimentally. Traveling waves are studied near threshold by using the complex Ginzburg-Landau equation (CGLE): a mode analysis enables the CGLE coefficients to be determined. The CGLE coefficients are compared with previous experimental and theoretical results. Mean flows are also computed and found to be more significant as the Prandtl number decreases (from sigma=6.4 to sigma=1). In addition, the mean flow around the outer radius of the annulus appears to be correlated with the mean flow around the inner radius.
C1 CALTECH, Dept Phys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP CALTECH, Dept Phys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
EM jscheel@caltech.edu
RI Paul, Mark/E-3567-2014
OI Paul, Mark/0000-0002-0701-1955
NR 26
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2470-0045
EI 2470-0053
J9 PHYS REV E
JI Phys. Rev. E
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 6
AR 066216
DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.68.066216
PN 2
PG 6
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical
SC Physics
GA 765XQ
UT WOS:000188316700059
PM 14754306
ER
PT J
AU Vorobieff, P
Mohamed, NG
Tomkins, C
Goodenough, C
Marr-Lyon, M
Benjamin, RF
AF Vorobieff, P
Mohamed, NG
Tomkins, C
Goodenough, C
Marr-Lyon, M
Benjamin, RF
TI Scaling evolution in shock-induced transition to turbulence
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E
LA English
DT Article
ID RICHTMYER-MESHKOV INSTABILITY; PARTICLE IMAGE VELOCIMETRY; GAS-CURTAIN;
DRIVEN; TAYLOR; GROWTH; MODELS; WAVE
AB In this experimental study, a column of heavy gas (SF(6)) surrounded by light gas (air) is accelerated by a planar Mach 1.2 shock. Richtmyer-Meshkov instability on the initially diffuse air-SF(6) interface determines the repeatable large-scale vortex dynamics of the system after the shock passage. Subsequently secondary instabilities form, with the system eventually transitioning to turbulence. We present highly resolved measurements of two components of the instantaneous velocity fields. With these measurements, we investigate the evolution of velocity statistics over a substantial range of scales in terms of structure functions. The latter evolve to exhibit late-time behavior consistent with the Kolmogorov scaling law for fully developed turbulence, despite the transitional character, anisotropy, and inhomogeneity of our flow. Ensemble averaging and comparison with instantaneous results reveal a trend towards the same scaling manifested much earlier by the structure functions of the fluctuating velocity components.
C1 Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
RP Vorobieff, P (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
RI Vorobieff, Peter/B-3376-2011;
OI Vorobieff, Peter/0000-0003-0631-7263
NR 23
TC 11
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1539-3755
J9 PHYS REV E
JI Phys. Rev. E
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 6
AR 065301
DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.68.065301
PN 2
PG 4
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical
SC Physics
GA 765XQ
UT WOS:000188316700010
PM 14754257
ER
PT J
AU Yakimenko, V
Babzien, M
Ben-Zvi, I
Malone, R
Wang, XJ
AF Yakimenko, V
Babzien, M
Ben-Zvi, I
Malone, R
Wang, XJ
TI Electron beam phase-space measurement using a high-precision tomography
technique
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS
LA English
DT Article
AB We report a measurement of the multidimensional phase-space density distribution of an electron bunch. The measurement combines the techniques of picosecond slice-emittance measurement and high-resolution tomographic measurement of transverse phase space. This technique should have a significant impact on the development of low emittance beams and their many applications, such as short-wavelength free-electron lasers and laser accelerators. A diagnostic that provides detailed information on the density distribution of the electron bunch in multidimensional phase space is an essential tool for obtaining a small emittance at a reasonable charge and for understanding the physics of emittance growth. We previously reported a measurement of the slice emittance of a picosecond electron beam [J.S. Fraser, R.L. Sheffield, and E. R. Gray, Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., Sect. A 250, 71 (1986).]. The tomographic reconstruction of the phase space was suggested [X. Qiu, K. Batchelor, I. Ben-Zvi, and X.J. Wang, Phys. Rev. Lett. 76, 3723 (1996).] and implemented [C.B. McKee, P.G. O'Shea, and J.M.J. Madey, Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., Sect. A 358, 264 (1995); I. Ben-Zvi, J.X. Qiu, and X.J. Wang, in Proceedings of the Particle Accelerator Conference, Vancouver, 1997 (IEEE, Piscataway, NJ, 1997).] using a single quadrupole scan. In the present work we expand the tomographic reconstruction work and combine it with the slice-emittance method. Our present tomographic work pays special attention to the accuracy of the phase-space reconstruction. We use a transport line with nine focusing magnets, and present an analysis and technique aimed at the control of the optical functions and phases. This high-precision phase-space tomography together with the ability to modify the radial charge distribution of the electron beam presents an opportunity to improve the emittance and apply nonlinear radial emittance corrections. Combining the slice emittance and tomography diagnostics leads to an unprecedented visualization of phase-space distributions in five-dimensional phase space and provides an opportunity to perform high-order emittance corrections.
C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Yakimenko, V (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
NR 11
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-4402
J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC
JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 6
IS 12
AR 122801
DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.6.122801
PG 8
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA 760MV
UT WOS:000187838600003
ER
PT J
AU Burkert, V
Mokeev, VI
Ripani, M
Anghinolfi, M
Battaglieri, M
Boluchevskii, AA
Golovach, EN
De Vita, R
Elouadrhiri, L
Ishkhanov, BS
Osipenko, MV
Markov, NS
Ricco, G
Taiuti, M
Fedotov, GV
AF Burkert, V
Mokeev, VI
Ripani, M
Anghinolfi, M
Battaglieri, M
Boluchevskii, AA
Golovach, EN
De Vita, R
Elouadrhiri, L
Ishkhanov, BS
Osipenko, MV
Markov, NS
Ricco, G
Taiuti, M
Fedotov, GV
TI New possibilities for studying nucleon resonances on the basis of an
analysis of polarization observables and off-scattering-plane angular
distributions in the reaction gamma(v)p -> pi(+)pi(-)p
SO PHYSICS OF ATOMIC NUCLEI
LA English
DT Article
ID PION-PAIR PRODUCTION; ENERGY REGION; QUARK-MODEL; BARYONS; PROTON;
ELECTROPRODUCTION; EXCITATION; PHOTONS; DECAYS
AB A model for describing the double charged-pion production by real and virtual photons in the energy region of nucleon-resonance excitation is further developed for calculating the angular distributions of reaction products off the scattering plane and the beam asymmetry. It is shown that investigation of these observables has a rich potential for extracting the first data on the Coulomb excitation of many nucleon resonances and for separating the contributions of various helicity amplitudes to the excitation of nucleon resonances by transverse photons. (C) 2003 MAIK "Nauka/Interperiodica".
C1 Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Inst Nucl Phys, Moscow 119899, Russia.
RP Burkert, V (reprint author), Jefferson Lab, 12000 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA 23606 USA.
RI Ishkhanov, Boris/E-1431-2012; Osipenko, Mikhail/N-8292-2015
OI Osipenko, Mikhail/0000-0001-9618-3013
NR 17
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 0
PU MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA/SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1578 USA
SN 1063-7788
EI 1562-692X
J9 PHYS ATOM NUCL+
JI Phys. Atom. Nuclei
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 66
IS 12
BP 2149
EP 2158
DI 10.1134/1.1634322
PG 10
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA 760HN
UT WOS:000187805700005
ER
PT J
AU Tomasi-Gustafsson, E
Bimbot, L
Danagoulian, S
Gustafsson, K
Mack, D
Mkrtchyan, H
Rekalo, MP
AF Tomasi-Gustafsson, E
Bimbot, L
Danagoulian, S
Gustafsson, K
Mack, D
Mkrtchyan, H
Rekalo, MP
TI Observation of coherent pi(0) electroproduction on deuterons at large
momentum transfer
SO PHYSICS OF ATOMIC NUCLEI
LA English
DT Article
ID STRUCTURE-FUNCTION A(Q(2)); SECTION NEAR-THRESHOLD; TENSOR POLARIMETER;
ENERGY DEUTERONS; PHOTODISINTEGRATION; POLARIZATION; SCATTERING;
HADRONS; PROTON
AB The first experimental results for the coherent pi(0) electroproduction on a deuteron, e + d --> e + d + pi(0), at large momentum transfer, are reported. The experiment was performed at Jefferson Laboratory at an incident electron energy of 4.05 GeV. A large pion production yield has been observed in the kinematical region 1.1 < Q(2) < 1.8 GeV2, from the threshold to 200-MeV excitation energy in the dpi(0) system. The Q(2) dependence is compared with theoretical predictions. (C) 2003 MAIK "Nauka/Interperiodica".
C1 LNS Saclay, Gif Sur Yvette, France.
CEA Saclay, DAPNIA, SPHN, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
IN2P3, IPNO, Orsay, France.
N Carolina Agr & Tech State Univ, Greensboro, NC 27411 USA.
Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA.
Univ Helsinki, Helsinki Inst Phys, Helsinki, Finland.
Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia.
Middle E Tech Univ, Dept Phys, TR-06531 Ankara, Turkey.
KFTI, Natl Sci Ctr, UA-310108 Kharkov, Ukraine.
RP Tomasi-Gustafsson, E (reprint author), LNS Saclay, Gif Sur Yvette, France.
NR 34
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA PUBL
PI MELVILLE
PA C/O AMERICAN INST PHYSICS, 2 HUNTINGTON QUANDRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE,
NY 11747-4502 USA
SN 1063-7788
J9 PHYS ATOM NUCL+
JI Phys. Atom. Nuclei
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 66
IS 12
BP 2159
EP 2168
DI 10.1134/1.1634323
PG 10
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA 760HN
UT WOS:000187805700006
ER
PT J
AU Hudson, SR
Hegna, CC
AF Hudson, SR
Hegna, CC
TI Marginal stability boundaries for infinite-n ballooning modes in a
quasiaxisymmetric stellarator
SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS
LA English
DT Article
ID LOCAL MAGNETIC SHEAR; HIGH-BETA; PHYSICS ISSUES; 2ND STABILITY; ATF
TORSATRON; INSTABILITIES; EQUILIBRIA; SPECTRUM; DESIGN; PLASMA
AB A method for computing the ideal magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) stability boundaries in three-dimensional equilibria is employed. Following Hegna and Nakajima [Phys. Plasmas 5, 1336 (1998)], a two-dimensional family of equilibria is constructed by perturbing the pressure and rotational-transform profiles in the vicinity of a flux surface for a given stellarator equilibrium. The perturbations are constrained to preserve the MHD equilibrium condition. For each perturbed equilibrium, the infinite-n ballooning stability is calculated. Marginal stability diagrams are thus constructed that are analogous to (s,alpha) diagrams for axisymmetric configurations. A quasiaxisymmetric stellarator is considered. Calculations of stability boundaries generally show regions of instability can occur for either sign of the average magnetic shear. Additionally, regions of second-stability are present. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics.
C1 Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
RP Hudson, SR (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
RI Hudson, Stuart/H-7186-2013
OI Hudson, Stuart/0000-0003-1530-2733
NR 38
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 1070-664X
J9 PHYS PLASMAS
JI Phys. Plasmas
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 10
IS 12
BP 4716
EP 4727
DI 10.1063/1.1622669
PG 12
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA 746PP
UT WOS:000186755000016
ER
PT J
AU Belikov, VS
Kolesnichenko, YI
White, RB
AF Belikov, VS
Kolesnichenko, YI
White, RB
TI Destabilization of fast magnetoacoustic waves by circulating energetic
ions in toroidal plasmas
SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS
LA English
DT Article
ID CYCLOTRON EMISSION; TOKAMAK REACTORS; FUSION PRODUCTS; INSTABILITY;
EIGENMODES; PARTICLES; JET
AB An instability of fast magnetoacoustic waves driven by circulating energetic ions in axisymmetric toroidal plasmas and characterized by frequencies below the ion gyrofrequency is considered. An important role of the l=0 resonance (l is the number of a cyclotron harmonic) in the wave-particle interaction is revealed: It is shown that this resonance considerably extends an unstable region in the space of the pitch-angles of the energetic ions and the wave frequencies. The analysis is carried out for a "slow" instability, which has the growth rate less than the bounce frequency of the energetic ions. Specific examples relevant to the National Spherical Torus Experiment [Spitzer , Fusion Technol. 30, 1337 (1996)], where instabilities of this kind were observed, are considered. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics.
C1 Inst Nucl Res, UA-03680 Kiev, Ukraine.
Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
RP Belikov, VS (reprint author), Inst Nucl Res, Prospekt Nauky 47, UA-03680 Kiev, Ukraine.
RI White, Roscoe/D-1773-2013
OI White, Roscoe/0000-0002-4239-2685
NR 16
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 1070-664X
J9 PHYS PLASMAS
JI Phys. Plasmas
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 10
IS 12
BP 4771
EP 4775
DI 10.1063/1.1625375
PG 5
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA 746PP
UT WOS:000186755000022
ER
PT J
AU Sanford, TWL
Mock, RC
Slutz, SA
Peterson, DL
AF Sanford, TWL
Mock, RC
Slutz, SA
Peterson, DL
TI Length scaling of dynamic-hohlraum axial radiation
SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS
LA English
DT Article
ID ARRAY Z-PINCH; X-RAY POWER; HIGH-WIRE-NUMBER; 2-DIMENSIONAL SIMULATIONS;
Z-ACCELERATOR; DRIVEN; OPTIMIZATION; INSTABILITY; TEMPERATURE;
ENHANCEMENT
AB Radiation generated within a 10-mm-long foam-target DH (dynamic hohlraum) is used for high-temperature (>200 eV) radiation-flow and inertial-confinement-fusion studies [Sanford , Phys. Plasmas 9, 3573 (2002)]. The length of this DH is varied from 5 to 20 mm, keeping the mass/unit length constant in an effort to study the scaling of axial radiation power with length, and better understand its production. Measurements show a greater variation in this power with length than would be expected from simple arguments [Slutz , Phys. Plasmas 8, 1673 (2001)]. Maximum axial power of similar to10 TW is produced with a length of similar to7.5 mm, similar to the typical power for the baseline 10 mm DH. The decreasing axial power (at a rate of similar to0.65 TW per mm at longer lengths) is bounded by radiation-magnetohydrodynamic simulations [Peterson , Phys. Plasmas 6, 2178 (1999)] that include the development of the magnetic Rayleigh-Taylor instability in the r-z plane. The dramatic drop in axial power below 7.5 mm, by contrast, was unanticipated. This decrease suggests the presence of differing mechanisms for limiting power at short and long lengths. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics.
C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Sanford, TWL (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
NR 42
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 1070-664X
J9 PHYS PLASMAS
JI Phys. Plasmas
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 10
IS 12
BP 4790
EP 4799
DI 10.1063/1.1625938
PG 10
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA 746PP
UT WOS:000186755000025
ER
PT J
AU Startsev, EA
Davidson, RC
AF Startsev, EA
Davidson, RC
TI Electromagnetic Weibel instability in intense charged particle beams
with large energy anisotropy
SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS
LA English
DT Article
ID DELTA-F SIMULATION; LARGE TEMPERATURE ANISOTROPY; RELATIVISTIC
ELECTRON-BEAMS; STABILITY PROPERTIES; PRESSURE-ANISOTROPY; SPACE-CHARGE;
PLASMA; FILAMENTATION; TRANSPORT; FIELD
AB In plasmas with strongly anisotropic distribution functions, collective instabilities may develop if there is sufficient coupling between the transverse and longitudinal degrees of freedom. Our previous numerical and theoretical studies of intense charged particle beams with large temperature anisotropy [E. A. Startsev, R. C. Davidson, and H. Qin, Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 6, 084401 (2003); Phys. Plasmas 9, 3138 (2002)] demonstrated that a fast, electrostatic, Harris-type instability develops, and saturates nonlinearly, for sufficiently large temperature anisotropy (T-perpendicular tob/T-parallel tob>1). The total distribution function after saturation, however, is still far from equipartitioned. In this paper the linearized Vlasov-Maxwell equations are used to investigate detailed properties of the transverse electromagnetic Weibel-type instability for a long charge bunch propagating through a cylindrical pipe of radius r(w). The kinetic stability analysis is carried out for azimuthally symmetric perturbations about a two-temperature thermal equilibrium distribution in the smooth-focusing approximation. The most unstable modes are identified, and their eigenfrequencies, radial mode structure and instability thresholds are determined. The stability analysis shows that, although there is free energy available to drive the electromagnetic Weibel instability, the finite transverse geometry of the charged particle beam introduces a large threshold value for the temperature anisotropy [(T-perpendicular tob/T-parallel tob)(Weibel)>(T-perpendicular tob/T-parallel tob)(Harris)] below which the instability is absent. Hence, unlike the case of an electrically neutral plasma, the Weibel instability is not expected to play as significant a role in the process of energy isotropization of intense unneutralized charged particle beams as the electrostatic Harris-type instability. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics.
C1 Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
RP Startsev, EA (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
NR 49
TC 29
Z9 29
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 1070-664X
J9 PHYS PLASMAS
JI Phys. Plasmas
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 10
IS 12
BP 4829
EP 4836
DI 10.1063/1.1625648
PG 8
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA 746PP
UT WOS:000186755000029
ER
PT J
AU Clark, DS
Fisch, NJ
AF Clark, DS
Fisch, NJ
TI Simulations of Raman laser amplification in ionizing plasmas
SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS
LA English
DT Article
ID FIELD-INDUCED IONIZATION; ELECTROMAGNETIC-WAVES; SELF-MODULATION;
PULSES; SCATTERING; AMPLIFIER; REGIME; BEAMS
AB By using the amplifying laser pulse in a plasma-based backward Raman laser amplifier to generate the plasma by photoionization of a gas simultaneous with the amplification process, possible instabilities of the pumping laser pulse can be avoided. Particle-in-cell simulations are used to study this amplification mechanism, and earlier results using more elementary models of the Raman interaction are verified [D. S. Clark and N. J. Fisch, Phys. Plasmas 9, 2772 (2002)]. The effects (unique to amplification in ionizing plasmas and not included in previous simulations) of blueshifting of the pump and seed laser pulses as well as the generation of a wake are observed not significantly to impact the amplification process. As expected theoretically, the peak output intensity is found to be limited to Isimilar to10(17) W/cm(2) by forward Raman scattering of the amplifying seed. The integrity of the ionization front of the seed pulse against the development of a possible transverse modulation instability is also demonstrated. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics.
C1 Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
RP Clark, DS (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
NR 24
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 6
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 1070-664X
J9 PHYS PLASMAS
JI Phys. Plasmas
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 10
IS 12
BP 4837
EP 4847
DI 10.1063/1.1625939
PG 11
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA 746PP
UT WOS:000186755000030
ER
PT J
AU Clark, DS
Fisch, NJ
AF Clark, DS
Fisch, NJ
TI Particle-in-cell simulations of Raman laser amplification in preformed
plasmas
SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS
LA English
DT Article
ID PULSE AMPLIFICATION; SCATTERING; OSCILLATIONS; COMPRESSION; GENERATION;
AMPLIFIERS
AB Two critical issues in the amplification of laser pulses by backward Raman scattering in plasma slabs are the saturation mechanism of the amplification effect (which determines the maximum attainable output intensity of a Raman amplifier) and the optimal plasma density for amplification. Previous investigations [V. M. Malkin , Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 4448 (1999)] identified forward Raman scattering and modulational instabilities of the amplifying seed as the likely saturation mechanisms and lead to an estimated unfocused output intensity of 10(17) W/cm(2). The optimal density for amplification is determined by the competing constraints of minimizing the plasma density so as to minimize the growth rate of the instabilities leading to saturation but also maintaining the plasma sufficiently dense that the driven Langmuir wave responsible for backscattering does not break prematurely. Here, particle-in-cell code simulations are presented which verify that saturation of backward Raman amplification does occur at intensities of similar to10(17) W/cm(2) by forward Raman scattering and modulational instabilities. The optimal density for amplification in a plasma with the representative temperature of T-e=200 eV is also shown in these simulations to be intermediate between the cold plasma wave-breaking density and the density limit found by assuming a water bag electron distribution function. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics.
C1 Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
RP Clark, DS (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
NR 23
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 1
U2 5
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 1070-664X
J9 PHYS PLASMAS
JI Phys. Plasmas
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 10
IS 12
BP 4848
EP 4855
DI 10.1063/1.1625940
PG 8
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA 746PP
UT WOS:000186755000031
ER
PT J
AU Balakin, AA
Fraiman, GM
Fisch, NJ
Malkin, VM
AF Balakin, AA
Fraiman, GM
Fisch, NJ
Malkin, VM
TI Noise suppression and enhanced focusability in plasma Raman amplifier
with multi-frequency pump
SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS
LA English
DT Article
ID SHORT LASER-PULSES; INHOMOGENEOUS PLASMA; AMPLIFICATION
AB Laser pulse compression-amplification through Raman backscattering in plasmas can be facilitated by using multi-frequency pump laser beams. The efficiency of amplification is increased by suppressing the Raman instability of thermal fluctuations and seed precursors. Also the focusability of the amplified radiation is enhanced due to the suppression of large-scale longitudinal speckles in the pump wave structure. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics.
C1 RAS, Inst Appl Phys, Nizhnii Novgorod 603950, Russia.
Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
RP Balakin, AA (reprint author), RAS, Inst Appl Phys, Nizhnii Novgorod 603950, Russia.
RI Balakin, Alexey/Q-9326-2016
OI Balakin, Alexey/0000-0001-6252-7279
NR 12
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 1070-664X
J9 PHYS PLASMAS
JI Phys. Plasmas
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 10
IS 12
BP 4856
EP 4864
DI 10.1063/1.1621002
PG 9
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA 746PP
UT WOS:000186755000032
ER
PT J
AU Crease, RP
AF Crease, RP
TI The best physics humour ever
SO PHYSICS WORLD
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Philosophy, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Crease, RP (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Philosophy, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0953-8585
J9 PHYS WORLD
JI Phys. World
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 16
IS 12
BP 14
EP 15
PG 2
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 758DQ
UT WOS:000187618000016
ER
PT J
AU Kim, YB
Garbisu, C
Pickering, IJ
Prince, RC
George, GN
Cho, MJ
Wong, JH
Buchanan, BB
AF Kim, YB
Garbisu, C
Pickering, IJ
Prince, RC
George, GN
Cho, MJ
Wong, JH
Buchanan, BB
TI Thioredoxin h overexpressed in barley seeds enhances selenite resistance
and uptake during germination and early seedling development
SO PLANTA
LA English
DT Article
DE Hordeum vulgare; seed; selenium; thioredoxin h; transgenic barley; X-ray
absorption spectroscopy
ID RAY-ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY; ELEMENTAL SELENIUM; BACILLUS-SUBTILIS;
PLANT; REDUCTASE; SUBSTRATE; SYSTEMS; SELENODIGLUTATHIONE; SPECIATION;
PROTEIN
AB The uptake, distribution and metabolism of selenite were examined in germinating homozygous barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) grain with thioredoxin h overexpressed in starchy endosperm. Results were related to the null segregant in which the transgene had segregated out during crossing. Compared with the null segregant, the homozygote showed enhanced germination and root and shoot growth in the presence of 1 and 2 mM sodium selenite. The rate of incorporation of selenite by the homozygote was approximately twice that of the null segregant. Based on X-ray absorption spectroscopy, the major products in both cases were selenomethionine-like species and the red, monoclinic form of elemental selenium, a derivative not previously reported in green plants. Selenite and selenate made up the balance. The distribution of the products formed differed as to the tissue-root, shoot, aleurone, endosperm-but the ratios were similar in the homozygote and null segregant. The results provide evidence that, in addition to the accelerated germination observed previously in water, barley grain overexpressing thioredoxin h are resistant to the inhibitory effects of selenite. These properties raise the possibility that plants overexpressing thioredoxin h could find application in the remediation of polluted environments.
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
ExxonMobil Res & Engn Co, Annandale, NJ 08801 USA.
RP Buchanan, BB (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, 111 Koshland Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RI Garbisu, Carlos/D-1942-2012; George, Graham/E-3290-2013; Garbisu,
Carlos/G-1908-2014; Pickering, Ingrid/A-4547-2013;
OI Garbisu, Carlos/0000-0002-5577-6151; Pickering,
Ingrid/0000-0002-0936-2994
NR 29
TC 13
Z9 18
U1 1
U2 11
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG
PI NEW YORK
PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA
SN 0032-0935
J9 PLANTA
JI Planta
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 218
IS 2
BP 186
EP 191
DI 10.1007/s00425-003-1102-8
PG 6
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 750EP
UT WOS:000186978600003
PM 13680229
ER
PT J
AU Cowley, SC
Wilson, H
Hurricane, O
Fong, B
AF Cowley, SC
Wilson, H
Hurricane, O
Fong, B
TI Explosive instabilities: from solar flares to edge localized modes in
tokamaks
SO PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 30th EPS Conference on Controlled Fusion and Plasma Physics
CY JUL 07-11, 2003
CL ST PETERSBURG, RUSSIA
ID BALLOONING INSTABILITY; DETONATION; PLASMA; PHYSICS
AB The mechanisms for the explosive loss of plasma confinement that occurs in solar flares, magnetospheric sub-storms, tokamak disruptions and edge localized modes remain largely unexplained. Modelling the rapid onset of such events provides a considerable challenge to theory. A possible explanation for these events, nonlinear explosive ballooning, is discussed. In this mechanism a narrow finger of plasma erupts from inside the plasma growing explosively and pushing aside other field lines - the instability spreads from a small region until it disturbs lines across a large section of plasma. The model predicts the observed features of some high beta tokamak disruptions.
C1 Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Phys, London SW7 2BZ, England.
UKAEA Euratom Fus Assoc, Culham Sci Ctr, Abingdon OX14 3DB, Oxon, England.
Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
Hughes Res Labs, LLC, Malibu, CA 90265 USA.
RP Cowley, SC (reprint author), Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Phys, Prince Consort Rd, London SW7 2BZ, England.
NR 28
TC 41
Z9 41
U1 1
U2 7
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0741-3335
J9 PLASMA PHYS CONTR F
JI Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 45
SU 12A
BP A31
EP A38
DI 10.1088/0741-3335/45/12A/003
PG 8
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA 763JD
UT WOS:000188080900005
ER
PT J
AU Lindl, JD
Hammel, BA
Logan, BG
Meyerhofer, DD
Payne, SA
Sethian, JD
AF Lindl, JD
Hammel, BA
Logan, BG
Meyerhofer, DD
Payne, SA
Sethian, JD
TI The US inertial confinement fusion (ICF) ignition programme and the
inertial fusion energy (IFE) programme
SO PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 30th EPS Conference on Controlled Fusion and Plasma Physics
CY JUL 07-11, 2003
CL ST PETERSBURG, RUSSIA
ID TARGET PHYSICS; OMEGA
AB There has been rapid progress in inertial fusion in the past few years. This progress spans the construction of ignition facilities, a wide range of target concepts and the pursuit of integrated programmes to develop fusion energy using lasers, ion beams and z-pinches.
Two ignition facilities are under construction, the national ignition facility (NIF) in the United States and the laser megajoule (LMJ) in France, and both projects are progressing towards an initial experimental capability. The laser integration line prototype beamline for LMJ and the first four beams of NIF will be available for experiments in 2003. The full 192 beam capability of NIF will be available in 2009 and ignition experiments are expected to begin shortly after that time.
There is steady progress in target science and target fabrication in preparation for indirect-drive ignition experiments on NIF. Advanced target designs may lead to 5-10 times more yield than initial target designs. There has also been excellent progress on the science of ion beam and z-pinch-driven indirect-drive targets.
Excellent progress on direct-drive targets has been obtained on the Omega laser at the University of Rochester. This includes improved performance of targets with a pulse shape predicted to result in reduced hydrodynamic instability. Rochester has also obtained encouraging results from initial cryogenic implosions.
There is widespread interest in the science of fast ignition because of its potential for achieving higher target gain with lower driver energy and relaxed target fabrication requirements. Researchers from Osaka have achieved outstanding implosion and heating results from the Gekko XII Petawatt facility and implosions suitable for fast ignition have been tested on the Omega laser.
A broad-based programme to develop lasers and ion beams for inertial fusion energy (IFE) is under way with excellent progress in drivers, chambers, target fabrication and target injection. KrF and diode pumped solid-state lasers are being developed in conjunction with dry-wall chambers and direct-drive targets. Induction accelerators for heavy ions are being developed in conjunction with thick-liquid protected wall chambers and indirect-drive targets.
C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY USA.
USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Lindl, JD (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
NR 15
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 1
U2 6
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0741-3335
J9 PLASMA PHYS CONTR F
JI Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 45
SU 12A
BP A217
EP A234
AR PII S0741-3335(03)69174-8
DI 10.1088/0741-3335/45/12A/015
PG 18
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA 763JD
UT WOS:000188080900017
ER
PT J
AU McKee, R
Fonck, RJ
Jakubowski, M
Burrell, KH
Hallatschek, K
Moyer, RA
Nevins, W
Rudakov, DL
Xu, X
AF McKee, R
Fonck, RJ
Jakubowski, M
Burrell, KH
Hallatschek, K
Moyer, RA
Nevins, W
Rudakov, DL
Xu, X
TI Observation and characterization of radially sheared zonal flows in
DIII-D
SO PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 30th EPS Conference on Controlled Fusion and Plasma Physics
CY JUL 07-11, 2003
CL ST PETERSBURG, RUSSIA
ID BEAM EMISSION-SPECTROSCOPY; E X B; POLOIDAL FLOW; D TOKAMAK; FLUCTUATION
MEASUREMENTS; DELAY ESTIMATION; TURBULENCE; TRANSPORT; PLASMA;
CONFINEMENT
AB Zonal flows, thought crucial to the saturation and self-regulation of turbulence and turbulent transport in magnetically confined plasmas, have been observed and characterized in the edge region of DIII-D) plasmas. These flows exhibit temperature scaling characteristics and spatial features predicted for geodesic acoustic modes (GAMs), a class of higher-frequency zonal flows seen in nonlinear simulations of plasma turbulence. The zonal flows (GAMs) have been observed in the turbulence flow-field in the radial region 0.85 less than or equal to r/a less than or equal to 1.0 via application of time-delay-estimation techniques to two-dimensional measurements of density fluctuations, obtained with beam emission spectroscopy. Spatial and temporal analysis of the resulting flow-field demonstrates the existence of a coherent oscillation (approximately 15 kHz) in the poloidal flow of density fluctuations that has a long poloidal wavelength, possibly m = 0, narrow radial extent (k(r)rho(i) < 0.2), and a frequency that varies monotonically with the local temperature. The approximate effective shearing rate, dupsilon(theta)/dr, of the flow is of the same order of magnitude as the measured nonlinear decorrelation rate of the turbulence. These characteristics are consistent with predicted features of zonal flows, specifically identified as GAMs, observed in three-dimensional Braginskii simulations of core/edge turbulence.
C1 Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
Gen Atom, San Diego, CA USA.
Inst Plasma Phys, Garching, Germany.
Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103 USA.
Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA.
RP McKee, R (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
NR 38
TC 66
Z9 67
U1 2
U2 3
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0741-3335
J9 PLASMA PHYS CONTR F
JI Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 45
SU 12A
BP A477
EP A485
AR PII S0741-3335(03)70340-6
DI 10.1088/0741-3335/45/12A/031
PG 9
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA 763JD
UT WOS:000188080900033
ER
PT J
AU Mehlhorn, TA
Bailey, JE
Bennett, G
Chandler, GA
Cooper, G
Cuneo, ME
Golovkin, I
Hanson, DL
Leeper, RJ
MacFarlane, JJ
Mancini, RC
Matzen, MK
Nash, TJ
Olson, CL
Porter, JL
Ruiz, CL
Schroen, DG
Slutz, SA
Varnum, W
Vesey, RA
AF Mehlhorn, TA
Bailey, JE
Bennett, G
Chandler, GA
Cooper, G
Cuneo, ME
Golovkin, I
Hanson, DL
Leeper, RJ
MacFarlane, JJ
Mancini, RC
Matzen, MK
Nash, TJ
Olson, CL
Porter, JL
Ruiz, CL
Schroen, DG
Slutz, SA
Varnum, W
Vesey, RA
TI Recent experimental results on ICF target implosions by Z-pinch
radiation sources and their relevance to ICF ignition studies
SO PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 30th EPS Conference on Controlled Fusion and Plasma Physics
CY JUL 07-11, 2003
CL ST PETERSBURG, RUSSIA
ID FUSION CAPSULE IMPLOSIONS; X-RAY SOURCES; DRIVEN HOHLRAUM; DYNAMIC
HOHLRAUMS; INERTIAL FUSION; PHYSICS; TEMPERATURE; DESIGN; PLASMA; ENERGY
AB Inertial confinement fusion capsule implosions absorbing up to 35 U of x-rays from a similar to220eV dynamic hohlraum on the Z accelerator at Sandia National Laboratories have produced thermonuclear D-D neutron yields of (2.6 +/- 1.3) x 10(10). Argon spectra confirm a hot fuel with Te similar to 1 keV and n(e) similar to (1-2) x 10(23) cm(-3). Higher performance implosions will require radiation symmetry control improvements. Capsule implosions in a similar to70 eV double-Z-pinch-driven secondary hohlraum have been radiographed by 6.7 keV x-rays produced by the Z-beamlet laser (ZBL), demonstrating a drive symmetry of about 3% and control Of P-2 radiation asymmetries to 2%. Hemispherical capsule implosions have also been radiographed in Z in preparation for future experiments in fast ignition physics. Z-pinch-driven inertial fusion energy concepts are being developed. The refurbished Z machine (ZR) will begin providing scaling information on capsule and Z-pinch in 2006. The addition of a short pulse capability to ZBL will enable research into fast ignition physics in the combination of ZR and ZBL-petawatt. ZR could provide a test bed to study NIF-relevant double-shell ignition concepts using dynamic hohlraums and advanced symmetry control techniques in the double-pinch hohlraum backlit by ZBL.
C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
Prism Computat Sci, Madison, WI USA.
Univ Nevada, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
K Tech Corp, Albuquerque, NM USA.
Schafer Corp, Livermore, CA USA.
Comforce Tech Serv Inc, Albuquerque, NM USA.
RP Mehlhorn, TA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
NR 37
TC 18
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 6
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0741-3335
J9 PLASMA PHYS CONTR F
JI Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 45
SU 12A
BP A325
EP A334
AR PII S0741-3335(03)70043-8
DI 10.1088/0741-3335/45/12A/021
PG 10
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA 763JD
UT WOS:000188080900023
ER
PT J
AU Ono, M
Bell, MG
Bell, RE
Bigelow, T
Bitter, M
Blanchard, W
Boedo, J
Bourdelle, C
Bush, C
Choe, W
Chrzanowski, J
Darrow, DS
Diem, SJ
Doerner, R
Efthimion, PC
Ferron, JR
Fonck, RJ
Fredrickson, ED
Garstka, GD
Gates, DA
Gray, T
Grisham, LR
Heidbrink, W
Hill, KW
Hoffman, D
Jarboe, TR
Johnson, DW
Kaita, R
Kaye, SM
Kessell, C
Kim, JH
Kissick, MW
Kubota, S
Kugel, HW
LeBlanc, BP
Lee, K
Lee, SG
Lewicki, BT
Luckhardt, S
Maingi, R
Majeski, R
Manickam, J
Maqueda, R
Mau, TK
Mazzucato, E
Medley, SS
Menard, J
Mueller, D
Nelson, BA
Neumeyer, C
Nishino, N
Ostrander, CN
Pacella, D
Paoletti, F
Park, HK
Park, W
Paul, SF
Peng, YKM
Phillips, CK
Pinsker, R
Probert, PH
Ramakrishnan, S
Raman, R
Redi, M
Roquemore, AL
Rosenberg, A
Ryan, PM
Sabbagh, SA
Schaffer, M
Schooff, RJ
Seraydarian, R
Skinner, CH
Sontag, AC
Soukhanovskii, V
Spaleta, J
Stevenson, T
Stutman, D
Swain, DW
Synakowski, E
Takase, Y
Tang, X
Taylor, G
Timberlake, J
Tiritz, KL
Unterberg, EA
Von Halle, A
Wilgen, J
Williams, M
Wilson, JR
Xu, X
Zweben, SJ
Akers, R
Barry, R
Beiersdorfer, P
Bialek, JM
Blagojevic, B
Bonoli, PT
Carter, MD
Davis, W
Deng, B
Dudek, L
Egedal, J
Ellis, R
Finkenthal, M
Foley, J
Fredd, E
Glasser, A
Gibney, T
Gilmore, M
Goldston, RJ
Hatcher, RE
Hawryluk, RJ
Houlberg, W
Harvey, R
Jardin, SC
Hosea, JC
Ji, H
Kalish, M
Lowrance, J
Lao, LL
Levinton, FM
Luhmann, NC
Marsala, R
Mastravito, D
Menon, MM
Mitarai, O
Nagata, M
Oliaro, G
Parsells, R
Peebles, T
Peneflor, B
Piglowski, D
Porter, GD
Ram, AK
Rensink, M
Rewoldt, G
Robinson, J
Roney, P
Shaing, K
Shiraiwa, S
Sichta, P
Stotler, D
Stratton, BC
Vero, R
Wampler, WR
Wurden, GA
AF Ono, M
Bell, MG
Bell, RE
Bigelow, T
Bitter, M
Blanchard, W
Boedo, J
Bourdelle, C
Bush, C
Choe, W
Chrzanowski, J
Darrow, DS
Diem, SJ
Doerner, R
Efthimion, PC
Ferron, JR
Fonck, RJ
Fredrickson, ED
Garstka, GD
Gates, DA
Gray, T
Grisham, LR
Heidbrink, W
Hill, KW
Hoffman, D
Jarboe, TR
Johnson, DW
Kaita, R
Kaye, SM
Kessell, C
Kim, JH
Kissick, MW
Kubota, S
Kugel, HW
LeBlanc, BP
Lee, K
Lee, SG
Lewicki, BT
Luckhardt, S
Maingi, R
Majeski, R
Manickam, J
Maqueda, R
Mau, TK
Mazzucato, E
Medley, SS
Menard, J
Mueller, D
Nelson, BA
Neumeyer, C
Nishino, N
Ostrander, CN
Pacella, D
Paoletti, F
Park, HK
Park, W
Paul, SF
Peng, YKM
Phillips, CK
Pinsker, R
Probert, PH
Ramakrishnan, S
Raman, R
Redi, M
Roquemore, AL
Rosenberg, A
Ryan, PM
Sabbagh, SA
Schaffer, M
Schooff, RJ
Seraydarian, R
Skinner, CH
Sontag, AC
Soukhanovskii, V
Spaleta, J
Stevenson, T
Stutman, D
Swain, DW
Synakowski, E
Takase, Y
Tang, X
Taylor, G
Timberlake, J
Tiritz, KL
Unterberg, EA
Von Halle, A
Wilgen, J
Williams, M
Wilson, JR
Xu, X
Zweben, SJ
Akers, R
Barry, R
Beiersdorfer, P
Bialek, JM
Blagojevic, B
Bonoli, PT
Carter, MD
Davis, W
Deng, B
Dudek, L
Egedal, J
Ellis, R
Finkenthal, M
Foley, J
Fredd, E
Glasser, A
Gibney, T
Gilmore, M
Goldston, RJ
Hatcher, RE
Hawryluk, RJ
Houlberg, W
Harvey, R
Jardin, SC
Hosea, JC
Ji, H
Kalish, M
Lowrance, J
Lao, LL
Levinton, FM
Luhmann, NC
Marsala, R
Mastravito, D
Menon, MM
Mitarai, O
Nagata, M
Oliaro, G
Parsells, R
Peebles, T
Peneflor, B
Piglowski, D
Porter, GD
Ram, AK
Rensink, M
Rewoldt, G
Robinson, J
Roney, P
Shaing, K
Shiraiwa, S
Sichta, P
Stotler, D
Stratton, BC
Vero, R
Wampler, WR
Wurden, GA
TI Progress towards high-performance, steady-state spherical torus
SO PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 30th EPS Conference on Controlled Fusion and Plasma Physics
CY JUL 07-11, 2003
CL ST PETERSBURG, RUSSIA
ID PLASMAS; WAVES
AB Research on the spherical torus (or spherical tokamak) (ST) is being pursued to explore the scientific benefits of modifying the field line structure from that in more moderate aspect ratio devices, such as the conventional tokamak. The ST experiments are being conducted in various US research facilities including the MA-class National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX) at Princeton, and three medium sized ST research facilities: PEGASUS at University of Wisconsin, HIT-II at University of Washington, and CDX-U at Princeton. In the context of the fusion energy development path being formulated in the US, an ST-based Component Test Facility (CTF) and, ultimately a Demo device, are being discussed. For these, it is essential to develop high performance, steady-state operational scenarios. The relevant scientific issues are energy confinement, MHD stability at high beta (), non-inductive sustainment, Ohmic-solenoid-free start-up, and power and particle handling. In the confinement area, the NSTX experiments have shown that the confinement can be up to 50% better than the ITER-98-pby2 H-mode scaling, consistent with the requirements for an ST-based CTF and Demo. In NSTX, CTF-relevant average toroidal beta values beta(T) of up to 35% with a near unity central beta(T) have been obtained. NSTX will be exploring advanced regimes where beta(T) up to 40% can be sustained through active stabilization of resistive wall modes. To date, the most successful technique for non-inductive sustainment in NSTX is the high beta poloidal regime, where discharges with a high non-inductive fraction (similar to60% bootstrap current+NBI current drive) were sustained over the resistive skin time. Research on radio-frequency (RF) based heating and current drive utilizing high harmonic fast wave and electron Bernstein wave is also pursued on NSTX, PEGASUS, and CDX-U. For non-inductive start-up, the coaxial helicity injection, developed in HIT/HIT-II, has been adopted on NSTX to test the method up to I-p similar to 500 kA. In parallel, start-up using a RF current drive and only external poloidal field coils are being developed on NSTX. The area of power and particle handling is expected to be challenging because of the higher power density expected in the ST relative to that in conventional aspect-ratio tokamaks. Due to its promise for power and particle handling, liquid lithium is being studied in CDX-U as a potential plasma-facing surface for a fusion reactor.
C1 Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103 USA.
CEA Cadarache, Gif Sur Yvette, France.
Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Taejon 305701, South Korea.
Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
Gen Atom, San Diego, CA USA.
Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92717 USA.
Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA.
Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
Korea Basic Sci Inst, Taejon, South Korea.
Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA.
Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima, Japan.
ENEA, Frascati, Italy.
Columbia Univ, New York, NY USA.
Univ Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA.
UKAEA Euratom Fus Assoc, Abingdon, Oxon, England.
Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
Compx, Del Mar, CA USA.
Princeton Sci Instruments, Princeton, NJ USA.
Nova Photon, Princeton, NJ USA.
Kyushu Tokai Univ, Kumamoto, Japan.
Himeji Inst Technol, Okayama, Japan.
Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Ono, M (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
RI Jardin, Stephen/E-9392-2010; Sabbagh, Steven/C-7142-2011; Nishino,
Nobuhiro/D-6390-2011; Choe, Wonho/C-1556-2011; Stotler,
Daren/J-9494-2015; Stutman, Dan/P-4048-2015; Wurden, Glen/A-1921-2017
OI Stotler, Daren/0000-0001-5521-8718; Wurden, Glen/0000-0003-2991-1484
NR 28
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 0
U2 13
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0741-3335
J9 PLASMA PHYS CONTR F
JI Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 45
SU 12A
BP A335
EP A350
AR PII S0741-3335(03)69370-X
DI 10.1088/0741-3335/45/12A/022
PG 16
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA 763JD
UT WOS:000188080900024
ER
PT J
AU Sudo, S
Nagayama, Y
Peterson, BJ
Kawahata, K
Akiyama, T
Ashikawa, N
Emoto, M
Goto, M
Hamada, Y
Ida, K
Ido, T
Iguchi, H
Inagaki, S
Isobe, M
Kobuchi, T
Komori, A
Liang, Y
Masuzaki, S
Minami, T
Morisaki, T
Morita, S
Muto, S
Nakamura, Y
Nakanishi, H
Narushima, M
Narihara, K
Nishiura, M
Nishizawa, A
Ohdachi, S
Osakabe, M
Ozaki, T
Pavlichenko, RO
Sakakibara, S
Sato, K
Shoji, M
Tamura, N
Tanaka, K
Toi, K
Tokuzawa, T
Watanabe, KY
Watanabe, T
Yamada, H
Yamada, I
Yoshinuma, M
Goncharov, P
Kalinina, D
Kanaba, T
Sugimoto, T
Ejiri, A
Ono, Y
Hojo, H
Ishii, K
Iwama, N
Kogi, Y
Mase, A
Sakamoto, M
Kondo, K
Nagasaki, H
Yamamoto, S
Nishino, N
Okajima, S
Saida, T
Sasao, M
Takeda, T
Tsuji-Iio, S
Darrow, DS
Takahashi, H
Liu, Y
Lyon, JF
Kostrioukov, AY
Kuteev, VB
Sergeev, V
Viniar, I
Krasilnikov, AV
Sanin, A
Vyacheslavov, LN
Stutman, D
Finkenthal, M
Motojima, O
AF Sudo, S
Nagayama, Y
Peterson, BJ
Kawahata, K
Akiyama, T
Ashikawa, N
Emoto, M
Goto, M
Hamada, Y
Ida, K
Ido, T
Iguchi, H
Inagaki, S
Isobe, M
Kobuchi, T
Komori, A
Liang, Y
Masuzaki, S
Minami, T
Morisaki, T
Morita, S
Muto, S
Nakamura, Y
Nakanishi, H
Narushima, M
Narihara, K
Nishiura, M
Nishizawa, A
Ohdachi, S
Osakabe, M
Ozaki, T
Pavlichenko, RO
Sakakibara, S
Sato, K
Shoji, M
Tamura, N
Tanaka, K
Toi, K
Tokuzawa, T
Watanabe, KY
Watanabe, T
Yamada, H
Yamada, I
Yoshinuma, M
Goncharov, P
Kalinina, D
Kanaba, T
Sugimoto, T
Ejiri, A
Ono, Y
Hojo, H
Ishii, K
Iwama, N
Kogi, Y
Mase, A
Sakamoto, M
Kondo, K
Nagasaki, H
Yamamoto, S
Nishino, N
Okajima, S
Saida, T
Sasao, M
Takeda, T
Tsuji-Iio, S
Darrow, DS
Takahashi, H
Liu, Y
Lyon, JF
Kostrioukov, AY
Kuteev, VB
Sergeev, V
Viniar, I
Krasilnikov, AV
Sanin, A
Vyacheslavov, LN
Stutman, D
Finkenthal, M
Motojima, O
CA LHD Grp
TI Recent diagnostic developments on LHD
SO PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 30th EPS Conference on Controlled Fusion and Plasma Physics
CY JUL 07-11, 2003
CL ST PETERSBURG, RUSSIA
ID LARGE-HELICAL-DEVICE; CO2-LASER IMAGING INTERFEROMETER; DENSITY PROFILE
MEASUREMENTS; NATURAL DIAMOND DETECTORS; X-RAY CAMERA; ELECTRON-DENSITY;
THOMSON SCATTERING; ION TEMPERATURE; CCD DETECTOR; SYSTEM
AB Standard diagnostics for fundamental plasma parameters and for plasma physics are routinely utilized for daily operation and physics studies in the large helical device (LHD) with high reliability. Diagnostics for steady-state plasma are under intensive development, especially for T-e, n(e) (yttrium-aluminium garnet (YAG) laser Thomson, CO2 laser polarimeter), data acquisition in steady-state and heat-resistant probes. To clarify the plasma properties of the helical structure, two- or three-dimensional diagnostics are being aggressively developed: tangential cameras (fast SX TV, photon counting CCD, H-alpha TV); tomography (tangential SX CCD, bolometer); imaging (bolometer, ECE, reflectometer). Divertor and edge physics are important key issues for steady-state operation. Diagnostics for neutral flux (H-alpha array, Zeeman spectroscopy) and n(e) (fast scanning probe, Li beam probe, pulsed radar reflectometer) are also in advanced stages of development. In addition to these, advanced diagnostics are being intensively developed in LHD through domestic and international collaborations.
C1 Natl Inst Fus Sci, Toki 5095292, Japan.
Grad Univ Adv Studies, Hayama 2400193, Japan.
Univ Tokyo, Tokyo 1138654, Japan.
Univ Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058577, Japan.
Daido Inst Technol, Nagoya, Aichi 4578530, Japan.
Kyushu Univ, Kasuga, Fukuoka 8168580, Japan.
Kyoto Univ, Uji 6110011, Japan.
Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima 7398511, Japan.
Chubu Univ, Kasuga, Fukuoka 4878501, Japan.
Tohoku Univ, Sendai, Miyagi 9808579, Japan.
Univ Electrocommun, Chofu, Tokyo 1828585, Japan.
Tokyo Inst Technol, Tokyo 1528550, Japan.
Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
SW Inst Phys, Chengdu 610041, Peoples R China.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
St Petersburg Tech Univ, St Petersburg 195251, Russia.
Troitsk Inst Innovat & Fus Res, Troitsk 142092, Russia.
Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA.
RP Sudo, S (reprint author), Natl Inst Fus Sci, 322-6 Oroshi, Toki 5095292, Japan.
EM sudo@nifs.ac.jp
RI Nishino, Nobuhiro/D-6390-2011; Sakakibara, Satoru/E-7542-2013; Stutman,
Dan/P-4048-2015; U-ID, Kyushu/C-5291-2016; Ida, Katsumi/E-4731-2016;
Kyushu, RIAM/F-4018-2015
OI Sakakibara, Satoru/0000-0002-3306-0531; Ida,
Katsumi/0000-0002-0585-4561;
NR 76
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 4
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0741-3335
EI 1361-6587
J9 PLASMA PHYS CONTR F
JI Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 45
SU 12A
BP A425
EP A443
AR PII S0741-3335(03)69523-0
DI 10.1088/0741-3335/45/12A/027
PG 19
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA 763JD
UT WOS:000188080900029
ER
PT J
AU Weller, A
Geiger, J
Werner, A
Zarnstorff, MC
Nuhrenberg, C
Sallander, E
Baldzuhn, J
Brakel, R
Burhenn, R
Dinklage, A
Fredrickson, E
Gadelmeier, F
Giannone, L
Grigull, P
Hartmann, D
Jaenicke, R
Klose, S
Knauer, JP
Konies, A
Kolesnichenko, YI
Laqua, HP
Lutsenko, VV
McCormick, K
Monticello, D
Osakabe, M
Pasch, E
Reiman, A
Rust, N
Spong, DA
Wagner, F
Yakovenko, YV
AF Weller, A
Geiger, J
Werner, A
Zarnstorff, MC
Nuhrenberg, C
Sallander, E
Baldzuhn, J
Brakel, R
Burhenn, R
Dinklage, A
Fredrickson, E
Gadelmeier, F
Giannone, L
Grigull, P
Hartmann, D
Jaenicke, R
Klose, S
Knauer, JP
Konies, A
Kolesnichenko, YI
Laqua, HP
Lutsenko, VV
McCormick, K
Monticello, D
Osakabe, M
Pasch, E
Reiman, A
Rust, N
Spong, DA
Wagner, F
Yakovenko, YV
CA W7-AS Team
NBI Grp
TI Experiments close to the beta-limit in W7-AS
SO PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 30th EPS Conference on Controlled Fusion and Plasma Physics
CY JUL 07-11, 2003
CL ST PETERSBURG, RUSSIA
ID OPTIMIZED STELLARATORS; ALFVEN EIGENMODES; WENDELSTEIN 7-AS; SHAFRANOV
SHIFT; PHYSICS ISSUES; PLASMA SHIFT; EQUILIBRIA; DIVERTOR; DESIGN;
STABILITY
AB A major objective of the experimental program in the last phase of the W7-AS stellarator was to explore and demonstrate the high-P performance of advanced stellarators. MHD-quiescent discharges at low impurity radiation levels with volume averaged beta-values of up to = 3.4% have been achieved. A very important prerequisite was the attainment of the high density H-Mode (HDH) regime. This was made possible by the installation of extensive graphite plasma facing components designed for island divertor operation. The co-directed neutral beam injection provided increased absorbed heating power of up to 3.2 MW in high-beta plasmas with B less than or equal to 1.25T. The anticipated improved features concerning equilibrium and stability at high plasma could be verified experimentally by the comparison of x-ray data with free boundary equilibrium calculations. The maximum found in configurations with a rotational transform around t = 0.5 is determined by the available heating power. No evidence of a stability limit has been found in the accessible configuration space, and the discharges are remarkably quiescent at maximum beta, most likely due the increase of the magnetic well depth. An increase in low m/n MHD activity is typically observed during the transition towards high. The beneficial stability properties of net-current-free configurations could be demonstrated by comparison with configurations where a significant inductive current drive was involved. Current driven instabilities such as tearing modes and soft disruptions can prevent access to beta-values as high as in the currentless case. The experimental results indicate that optimized stellarators such as W7-X can be considered as a viable option for an attractive stellarator fusion reactor.
C1 IPP Euratom Assoc, Max Planck Inst Plasmaphys, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
IPP Euratom Assoc, Max Planck Inst Plasmaphys, D-17491 Greifswald, Germany.
IPP Euratom Assoc, Max Planck Inst Plasmaphys, D-10117 Berlin, Germany.
Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
Inst Nucl Res, UA-03680 Kiev, Ukraine.
Natl Inst Fus Sci, Toki 5095292, Japan.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Weller, A (reprint author), IPP Euratom Assoc, Max Planck Inst Plasmaphys, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
RI Spong, Donald/C-6887-2012
OI Spong, Donald/0000-0003-2370-1873
NR 40
TC 35
Z9 35
U1 0
U2 2
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0741-3335
J9 PLASMA PHYS CONTR F
JI Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 45
SU 12A
BP A285
EP A308
AR PII S0741-3335(03)67725-0
DI 10.1088/0741-3335/45/12A/019
PG 24
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA 763JD
UT WOS:000188080900021
ER
PT J
AU Jacob, GC
Starbuck, JM
Simunovic, S
Fellers, JF
AF Jacob, GC
Starbuck, JM
Simunovic, S
Fellers, JF
TI New test method for determining energy absorption mechanisms in polymer
composite plates
SO POLYMER COMPOSITES
LA English
DT Article
ID CRUSHING CHARACTERISTICS; TUBES; FIBER; CAPABILITY; BEHAVIOR; EPOXY;
SECTIONS; STRAIN; SPEED
AB in passenger vehicles the ability to absorb energy due to impact and be survivable to the occupant is called the "crashworthiness" of the structure. To identify and quantify the energy absorbing mechanisms in candidate automotive composite materials, test methodologies were developed for conducting progressive crush tests on composite plate specimens. The test method development and experimental setup focused on isolating the damage modes associated with frond formation that occurs in dynamic testing of composite tubes. A new test fixture was designed to progressively crush composite plate specimens under quasi-static test conditions. Features incorporated into the design include an observable crush zone, long crush length, interchangeable contact profile, frictionless roller for contact constraint, and out of plane roller supports to prevent buckling. Preliminary results are presented under a sufficient set of test conditions to validate the operations of the test fixture. The activation of different damage mechanisms was demonstrated by the validation tests on the representative composite material systems. The experimental data, in conjunction with test observations will be used in future work to identify the characteristic damage and failure modes, and determine the energy absorption capability of candidate automotive composite material systems.
C1 Univ Tennessee, Mat Sci & Engn Dept, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Met & Ceram Div, Polymer Matrix Compos Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Comp Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Jacob, GC (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Mat Sci & Engn Dept, 434 Dougherty Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
RI Starbuck, James/E-1442-2017
OI Starbuck, James/0000-0002-3814-9156
NR 46
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 6
PU SOC PLASTICS ENG INC
PI BROOKFIELD
PA 14 FAIRFIELD DR, BROOKFIELD, CT 06804-0403 USA
SN 0272-8397
J9 POLYM COMPOSITE
JI Polym. Compos.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 24
IS 6
BP 706
EP 715
DI 10.1002/pc.10064
PG 10
WC Materials Science, Composites; Polymer Science
SC Materials Science; Polymer Science
GA 759MN
UT WOS:000187741600005
ER
PT J
AU Patel, M
Murphy, JJ
Skinner, AR
Powell, SJ
Smith, PF
AF Patel, M
Murphy, JJ
Skinner, AR
Powell, SJ
Smith, PF
TI Volatile evolution from room temperature cured polysiloxane rubber
induced by irradiation with He2+ ions
SO POLYMER TESTING
LA English
DT Article
DE polysiloxane rubber; He2+ ions; volatile evolution; silicone cyclics
AB A room temperature cured polysiloxane rubber (Rhodorsil RTV5370) has been irradiated using an accelerated beam of He2+ ions. Such an irradiation simulates the effects of large alpha radiation doses. A mass spectrometer linked directly to the sample chamber allowed the analysis of volatile species evolved as a result of exposure. The polydimethylsiloxane rubber showed high resistance to radiation damage when exposed to He2+ ions at doses up to 3.5 MGy. At higher doses, the cyclic hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane was evolved and is indicative of damage to the main chain. The cyclic octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane was only observed at very high doses (10 MGy and above) and is indicative of significant head-to-tail unzipping reactions. Methane, benzene and carbon dioxide were the three main gases evolved. The ratio of phenyl (2%) to methyl groups (93%) within RTV5370 rubber is very small but the amount of benzene evolved was found to be significant. The results suggest that the aromatic groups within the rubber appear to have a much greater susceptibility to radiation induced volatile evolution than other groups making up the polymer structure. In addition, the depletion of phenyl groups (from the reduction in evolution of benzene) from the irradiated zone corresponds to an increase in damage of the siloxane linkages (from the increased evolution of octamethylcyclotetrasitoxane) suggesting the aromatic groups offer a protective action from the incident radiation. Crown Copyright (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Atom Weap Estab, Reading RG7 4PR, Berks, England.
Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA.
RP Patel, M (reprint author), Atom Weap Estab, Reading RG7 4PR, Berks, England.
NR 9
TC 8
Z9 12
U1 2
U2 10
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0142-9418
J9 POLYM TEST
JI Polym. Test
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 22
IS 8
BP 923
EP 928
DI 10.1016/S0142-9418(03)00041-2
PG 6
WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Polymer Science
SC Materials Science; Polymer Science
GA 738QY
UT WOS:000186300400011
ER
PT J
AU Ritherdon, J
Jones, AR
Wright, IG
AF Ritherdon, J
Jones, AR
Wright, IG
TI Oxidation of mechanically alloyed powders during processing: origins and
control
SO POWDER METALLURGY
LA English
DT Article
AB Oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) alloys prepared by mechanical alloying (MA) and subsequent consolidation are usually subjected to a series of heat treatments during production, typically comprising a degassing process at approximate to 600degreesC and a preconsolidation high temperature 'soak' at approximate to 1000degreesC, both under vacuum. In the current work, the oxidation behaviour of a prototype ODS Fe3Al alloy and a commercial FeCrAl alloy has been studied during simulation of these temperature and pressure regimes. After the high temperature 'soak' simulation, oxidation had taken place on both alloys with a significantly thicker scale forming on the ODS Fe3Al. This scale is believed to be the source of much of the high alumina content found in fully consolidated ODS Fe3Al. Variation in the amount of particulate alumina found in different batches of commercially consolidated powder is discussed. Novel processes involving hydrogen purging and powder precompaction have been employed to decrease oxidation and thereby increase sintering efficiency.
C1 Univ Liverpool, Dept Engn, Liverpool L69 3GH, Merseyside, England.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Ritherdon, J (reprint author), Univ Liverpool, Dept Engn, Liverpool L69 3GH, Merseyside, England.
EM jrith@liv.ac.uk
NR 9
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU MANEY PUBLISHING
PI LEEDS
PA HUDSON RD, LEEDS LS9 7DL, ENGLAND
SN 0032-5899
J9 POWDER METALL
JI Powder Metall.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 46
IS 4
BP 319
EP 323
DI 10.1179/003258903225008562
PG 5
WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 769YD
UT WOS:000188694300027
ER
PT J
AU Young, DL
Keane, J
Duda, A
AbuShama, JAM
Perkins, CL
Romero, M
Noufi, R
AF Young, DL
Keane, J
Duda, A
AbuShama, JAM
Perkins, CL
Romero, M
Noufi, R
TI Improved performance in ZnO/CdS/CuGaSe2 thin-film solar cells
SO PROGRESS IN PHOTOVOLTAICS
LA English
DT Article
DE copper gallium diselenide; CuGaSe2; thin-film solar cell; solar
conversion efficiency; photovoltaics
ID EFFICIENCY
AB We report the growth and characterization of improved efficiency wide-bandgap ZnO/CdS/CuGaSe2 thin-film solar cells. The CuGaSe2 absorber thickness was intentionally decreased to better match depletion widths indicated by drive-level capacitance profiling data. A total-area efficiency of 9.5% was achieved with a fill factor of 70.8% and a V-oc of 910 mV. Published in 2003 by John Wiley Sons, Ltd.
C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Young, DL (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
NR 11
TC 79
Z9 80
U1 1
U2 17
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD
PI CHICHESTER
PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND
SN 1062-7995
J9 PROG PHOTOVOLTAICS
JI Prog. Photovoltaics
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 11
IS 8
BP 535
EP 541
DI 10.1002/pip.516
PG 7
WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics
GA 755FK
UT WOS:000187392700004
ER
PT J
AU Plummer, EW
Shi, JR
Tang, SJ
Rotenberg, E
Kevan, SD
AF Plummer, EW
Shi, JR
Tang, SJ
Rotenberg, E
Kevan, SD
TI Enhanced electron-phonon coupling at metal surfaces
SO PROGRESS IN SURFACE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Memorial Symposium Honoring Professor Maria Steslicka
CY APR, 2003
CL UNIV WROCLAW, WROCLAW, POLAND
HO UNIV WROCLAW
DE electron-phonon coupling; Eliashberg function; surface states;
angle-resolved photoemission; self-energy; Kohn anomaly; Fermi contours;
Helium atom scattering; inelastic electron scattering
ID ANGLE-RESOLVED PHOTOEMISSION; BE(0001) SURFACE; W(110) SURFACE;
HYDROGEN; STATE; ENERGY; DISPERSION; VIBRATIONS; MO(110)
AB Recent advances in experimental techniques and theoretical capabilities associated with the study of surfaces show promise for producing in unprecedented detail a picture of electron-phonon coupling. These investigations on surfaces of relatively simple metals can be the platform for understanding functionality in complex materials associated with the coupling between charge and the lattice. In this article, we present an introduction to electron-phonon coupling, especially in systems with reduced dimensionality, and the recent experimental and theoretical achievements. Then, we try to anticipate the exciting future created by advances in surface physics. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94772 USA.
Univ Oregon, Dept Phys, Eugene, OR 97403 USA.
RP Plummer, EW (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
RI Rotenberg, Eli/B-3700-2009; Shi, Junren/D-5156-2009; Kevan,
Stephen/F-6415-2010
OI Rotenberg, Eli/0000-0002-3979-8844; Kevan, Stephen/0000-0002-4621-9142
NR 41
TC 33
Z9 33
U1 1
U2 15
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0079-6816
J9 PROG SURF SCI
JI Prog. Surf. Sci.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 74
IS 1-8
BP 251
EP 268
DI 10.1016/j.progsurf.2003.08.033
PG 18
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 756AC
UT WOS:000187442800019
ER
PT J
AU Skopec, CE
Himmel, ME
Matthews, JF
Brady, JW
AF Skopec, CE
Himmel, ME
Matthews, JF
Brady, JW
TI Energetics for displacing a single chain from the surface of
microcrystalline cellulose into the active site of Acidothermus
cellulolyticus Cel5A
SO PROTEIN ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE cellulase interactions; cellulase mechanisms; cellulose; conformational
energy calculations
ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; TRICHODERMA-REESEI; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE;
ENZYMATIC-HYDROLYSIS; CELLOBIOHYDROLASE-II; BINDING DOMAIN;
ENDOGLUCANASE; CELLULASES; MECHANISM; ENDOCELLULASE
AB A series of molecular mechanics calculations were used to analyze the energetics for moving a single polysaccharide chain from the surface of microcrystalline cellulose into the binding cleft of the Cel5A cellulase from Acidothermus cellulolyticus. A build-up procedure was used to model the placement of a 12-residue oligosaccharide chain along the surface of the enzyme, using as a guide the four residues of the tetrasaccharide substrate co-crystallized with the protein in the crystallographic structure determination. The position of this 12-residue oligosaccharide was used to orient the enzyme properly above two different surfaces of cellulose 1beta, the (1,0,0) and the (1,1,0) faces of the crystal. Constrained molecular dynamics simulations were then used to pull a target chain directly below the enzyme up out of the crystal surface and into the binding groove. The energetics for this process were favorable for both faces, with the step face being more favorable than the planar face, implying that this surface could be hydrolyzed more readily.
C1 Cornell Univ, Dept Food Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
Natl Bioenergy Ctr, Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Brady, JW (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Food Sci, Stocking Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
EM jwb7@cornell.edu
NR 32
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 8
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0269-2139
J9 PROTEIN ENG
JI Protein Eng.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 16
IS 12
BP 1005
EP 1015
DI 10.1093/protein/gzg115
PG 11
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
GA 807SE
UT WOS:000220520400019
PM 14983081
ER
PT J
AU Aramini, JM
Huang, YPJ
Cort, JR
Goldsmith-Fischman, S
Xiao, R
Shih, LY
HO, CK
Liu, JF
Rost, B
Honig, B
Kennedy, MA
Acton, TB
Montelione, GT
AF Aramini, JM
Huang, YPJ
Cort, JR
Goldsmith-Fischman, S
Xiao, R
Shih, LY
HO, CK
Liu, JF
Rost, B
Honig, B
Kennedy, MA
Acton, TB
Montelione, GT
TI Solution NMR structure of the 30S ribosomal protein S28E from Pyrococcus
horikoshii
SO PROTEIN SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE ribosomal protein; greek-key motif; NMR structure; northeast structural
genomics consortium
ID COLD-SHOCK PROTEIN; BACKBONE RESONANCE ASSIGNMENTS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI;
CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; AUTOMATIC-DETERMINATION; ANGSTROM RESOLUTION;
CHEMICAL-SHIFT; BINDING DOMAIN; SUBUNIT; SEQUENCE
AB We report NMR assignments and solution structure of the 71-residue 30S ribosomal protein S28E from the archaean Pyrococcus horikoshii, target JR19 of the Northeast Structural Genomics Consortium. The structure, determined rapidly with the aid of automated backbone resonance assignment (AutoAssign) and automated structure determination (AutoStructure) software, is characterized by a four-stranded beta-sheet with a classic Greek-key topology and an oligonucleotide/oligosaccharide beta-barrel (OB) fold. The electrostatic surface of S28E exhibits positive and negative patches on opposite sides, the former constituting a putative binding site for RNA. The 13 C-terminal residues of the protein contain a consensus sequence motif constituting the signature of the S28E protein family. Surprisingly, this C-terminal segment is unstructured in solution.
C1 Rutgers State Univ, CABM, Dept Mol Biol & Biochem, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
Columbia Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biophys, New York, NY 10032 USA.
Columbia Univ, Howard Hughes Med Inst, New York, NY 10032 USA.
Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Med Sch, Dept Biochem, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
RP Montelione, GT (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, CABM, Dept Mol Biol & Biochem, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
OI Liu, Jinfeng/0000-0002-0343-8222
FU NIGMS NIH HHS [P50 GM062413, P50 GM62413]
NR 46
TC 12
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 2
PU COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS, PUBLICATIONS DEPT
PI WOODBURY
PA 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2924 USA
SN 0961-8368
J9 PROTEIN SCI
JI Protein Sci.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 12
IS 12
BP 2823
EP 2830
DI 10.1110/ps.03359003
PG 8
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 746TW
UT WOS:000186764600016
PM 14627742
ER
PT J
AU Wu, B
Yee, A
Pineda-Lucena, A
Semesi, A
Ramelot, TA
Cort, JR
Jung, JW
Edwards, A
Lee, W
Kennedy, M
Arrowsmith, CH
AF Wu, B
Yee, A
Pineda-Lucena, A
Semesi, A
Ramelot, TA
Cort, JR
Jung, JW
Edwards, A
Lee, W
Kennedy, M
Arrowsmith, CH
TI Solution structure of ribosomal protein S28E from Methanobacterium
thermoautotrophicum
SO PROTEIN SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE heteronuclear NMR; Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum; ribosomal
protein S28E; Northeast Structural Genomics Consortium
ID CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; NMR; RESOLUTION; SUBUNIT; MECHANISM; DYNAMICS;
DATABASE; QUALITY; PROGRAM; SYSTEM
AB The ribosomal protein S28E from the archaeon Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum is a component of the 30S ribosomal subunit. Sequence homologs of S28E are found only in archaea and eukaryotes. Here we report the three-dimensional solution structure of S28E by NMR spectroscopy. S28E contains a globular region and a long C-terminal tail protruding from the core. The globular region consists of four antiparallel beta-strands that are arranged in a Greek-key topology. Unique features of S28E include an extended loop L2-3 that folds back onto the protein and a 12-residue charged C-terminal tail with no regular secondary structure and greater flexibility relative to the rest of the protein. The structural and surface resemblance to OB-fold family of proteins and the presence of highly conserved basic residues suggest that S28E may bind to RNA. A broad positively charged surface extending over one side of the beta-barrel and into the flexible C terminus may present a putative binding site for RNA.
C1 Univ Toronto, Ontario Canc Inst, Div Mol & Struct Biol, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada.
Univ Toronto, Dept Med Biophys, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada.
Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
Yonsei Univ, Dept Biochem, Seoul 120749, South Korea.
RP Arrowsmith, CH (reprint author), Univ Toronto, Ontario Canc Inst, Div Mol & Struct Biol, 610 Univ Ave, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada.
RI Pineda-Lucena, Antonio/B-1320-2014;
OI Pineda-Lucena, Antonio/0000-0002-6115-0868; Jung,
Jinwon/0000-0002-7981-3316
FU NIGMS NIH HHS [P50 GM062413, P50-GM62413-02]
NR 30
TC 14
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 0
PU COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS, PUBLICATIONS DEPT
PI WOODBURY
PA 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2924 USA
SN 0961-8368
J9 PROTEIN SCI
JI Protein Sci.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 12
IS 12
BP 2831
EP 2837
DI 10.1110/ps.03358203
PG 7
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 746TW
UT WOS:000186764600017
PM 14627743
ER
PT J
AU Taneja, B
Maar, S
Shuvalova, L
Collart, F
Anderson, W
Mondragon, A
AF Taneja, B
Maar, S
Shuvalova, L
Collart, F
Anderson, W
Mondragon, A
TI Structure of the Bacillus subtilis YYCN protein: A putative
N-acetyltransferase
SO PROTEINS-STRUCTURE FUNCTION AND GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
ID CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; HIGH-THROUGHPUT; SUPERFAMILY; REFINEMENT; MECHANISM;
PROGRAM; CLONING
C1 Northwestern Univ, Dept Biochem Mol Biol & Cell Biol, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Med Sch, Dept Mol Pharmacol & Biol Chem, Chicago, IL 60611 USA.
Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Res, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Mondragon, A (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Biochem Mol Biol & Cell Biol, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
OI Collart, Frank/0000-0001-6942-4483
FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM62414]
NR 16
TC 0
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU WILEY-LISS
PI NEW YORK
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA
SN 0887-3585
J9 PROTEINS
JI Proteins
PD DEC 1
PY 2003
VL 53
IS 4
BP 950
EP 952
DI 10.1002/prot.10561
PG 3
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics
GA 750DU
UT WOS:000186976700018
PM 14635137
ER
PT J
AU Murphy, MK
Kovacs, A
Miller, SD
McLaughlin, WL
AF Murphy, MK
Kovacs, A
Miller, SD
McLaughlin, WL
TI Dose response and post-irradiation characteristics of the Sunna 535-nm
photo-fluorescent film dosimeter
SO RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE dosimetry; film dosimeters; food irradiation; radiation processing;
sterilization
ID OPTICALLY-STIMULATED LUMINESCENCE; COLOR-CENTERS; ELECTRON; GAMMA; LIF
AB Results of characterization studies on one of the first versions of the Surma photo-fluorescent dosimeter(TM) have previously been reported, and the performance of the red fluorescence component described. This present paper describes dose response and post-irradiation characteristics of the green fluorescence component from the same dosimeter film (Sunna Model gamma), which is manufactured using the injection molding technique. This production method may supply batch sizes on the order of 1 million dosimeter film elements while maintaining a signal precision (1sigma) on the order of +/-1% without the need to correct for variability of film thickness. The dosimeter is a 1 cm x 3 cm polymeric film of 0.5-mm thickness that emits green fluorescence at intensities increasing almost linearly with dose. The data presented include dose response, post-irradiation growth, heat treatment, dosimeter aging, dose rate dependence, energy dependence, dose fractionation, variation of response within a batch, and the stability of the fluorimeter response. The results indicate that, as a routine dosimeter, the green signal provides a broad range of response at food irradiation (0.3-5 kGy), medical sterilization (5-40 kGy), and polymer cross-linking (40-250 kGy) dose levels. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Battelle Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
Hungarian Acad Sci, Inst Isotopes & Surface Chem, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary.
Sunna Syst Corp, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Phys Lab, Ionizing Radiat Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Murphy, MK (reprint author), Battelle Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
NR 20
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 4
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0969-806X
J9 RADIAT PHYS CHEM
JI Radiat. Phys. Chem.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 6
BP 981
EP 994
DI 10.1016/S0969-806X(03)00441-9
PG 14
WC Chemistry, Physical; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic,
Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics
GA 752MJ
UT WOS:000187164400006
ER
PT J
AU Murphy, MK
Kovacs, A
McLaughlin, WL
Miller, SD
Puhl, JM
AF Murphy, MK
Kovacs, A
McLaughlin, WL
Miller, SD
Puhl, JM
TI Sunna 535-nm photo-fluorescent film dosimeter response to different
environmental conditions
SO RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE dosimetry; film dosimeters; food irradiation; radiation processing;
sterilization
ID COLOR-CENTERS; ELECTRON; GAMMA
AB Evaluations on the influence of environmental variabilities on the red fluorescence component of the Sunna Model gamma photo-fluorescent dosimeter(TM) have previously been reported. This present paper describes the environmental effects on the response of the green fluorescence component of the same dosimeter, which is manufactured using the injection molding technique. The results presented include temperature, relative humidity, and light influences both during and after irradiation. The green fluorescence signal shows a significant dependence on irradiation temperature below room temperature at 1%/degreesC. Above room temperature (approximately 24-60degreesC), the irradiation temperature effect varies from -0.1%/degreesC to 1.0%/degreesC, depending on the absorbed dose level. For facilities with irradiation temperatures between 30degreesC and 60degreesC and absorbed dose levels above 10 kGy, irradiation temperature effects are minimal. Light-effects results indicate that the dosimeter is influenced by ultraviolet and blue wavelengths during irradiation as well as during the post-irradiation stabilization period (approximately 22 h), requiring the use of light-tight packaging. Results also show that the dosimeter exhibits negligible effects from ambient moisture during and after irradiation when in the range of 33-95% relative humidity. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Battelle Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
Hungarian Acad Sci, Inst Isotopes & Surface Chem, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary.
Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Phys Lab, Ionizing Radiat Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
Sunna Syst Corp, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Murphy, MK (reprint author), Battelle Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
NR 13
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 3
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0969-806X
J9 RADIAT PHYS CHEM
JI Radiat. Phys. Chem.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 6
BP 995
EP 1003
DI 10.1016/S0969-806X(03)00443-2
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Physical; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic,
Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics
GA 752MJ
UT WOS:000187164400007
ER
PT J
AU Bench, G
Grant, PG
Ueda, DL
Autry-Conwell, SA
Hou, YJ
Boggan, JE
AF Bench, G
Grant, PG
Ueda, DL
Autry-Conwell, SA
Hou, YJ
Boggan, JE
TI Assessment of proton microbeam analysis of B-11 for quantitative
microdistribution analysis of boronated neutron capture agents in
biological tissues
SO RADIATION RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID BRAIN-TUMORS; ION MICROSCOPY; THERAPY BNCT; P-BORONOPHENYLALANINE;
MALIGNANT GLIOMA; MICROANALYSIS; GLIOBLASTOMA; NA2B12H11SH; MICROPROBE;
MODALITY
AB The B-11(p,alpha)Be-8* nuclear reaction was assessed for its ability to quantitatively map the in vivo subcellular distribution of boron within gliosarcomas treated with a boronated neutron capture therapy agent. Intracranial 9L gliosarcomas were produced in Fischer 344 rats. Fourteen days later, the majority of the rats were treated with f-boronophenylalanine and killed humanely 30 or 180 min after intravenous injection. Freeze-dried tumor cryosections were imaged using the B-11(p,alpha)Be-8* nuclear reaction and proton microbeams obtained from the nuclear microprobe at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. The B-11 distributions within cells could be imaged quantitatively with spatial resolutions down to 1.5 mum, minimum detection limits of 0.8 mg/kg, and acquisition times of several hours. These capabilities offer advantages over alpha-particle track autoradiography, electron energy loss spectroscopy, and secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) for, quantification of B-11 in tissues. However, the spatial resolution, multi-isotope capability, and analysis times achieved with SIMS are superior to those achieved with B-11(p,alpha)Be-8* analysis. When accuracy in quantification is crucial, the B-11(p,alpha)Be-8* reaction is well suited for assessing the microdistribution of B-11. Otherwise, SIMS may well be better suited to image the microdistribution of boron associated with neutron capture therapy agents in biological tissues. (C) 2003 by Radiation Research Society.
C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
Univ Calif Davis, Ctr Biophoton Sci & Technol, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA.
Univ Calif Davis, Dept Neurol Surg, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA.
RP Bench, G (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, L-397, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
NR 39
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 5
PU RADIATION RESEARCH SOC
PI OAK BROOK
PA 820 JORIE BOULEVARD, OAK BROOK, IL 60523 USA
SN 0033-7587
J9 RADIAT RES
JI Radiat. Res.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 160
IS 6
BP 667
EP 676
DI 10.1667/RR3085
PG 10
WC Biology; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Radiology,
Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
GA 751QV
UT WOS:000187079200008
PM 14640780
ER
PT J
AU Phillips, JC
Saxena, A
Bishop, AR
AF Phillips, JC
Saxena, A
Bishop, AR
TI Pseudogaps, dopants, and strong disorder in cuprate high-temperature
superconductors
SO REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS
LA English
DT Review
ID METAL-INSULATOR-TRANSITION; DENSITY-OF-STATES; STRETCHED EXPONENTIAL
RELAXATION; SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; STRUCTURAL PHASE-TRANSITIONS;
ELECTRON-PHONON INTERACTIONS; ZIGZAG FILAMENTARY THEORY; THIN-FILMS;
MAGNETIC FLUCTUATIONS; TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES
AB Strong electronic nanoscale disorder is present in all cuprate high-temperature superconductors, interwoven with the microscopic mechanisms responsible for both the high superconductive transition temperatures and many normal state transport anomalies. Disorder is revealed most dramatically in high-resolution scanning tunnelling microscopy experiments, while its origins at the atomic level have been studied by several other techniques. The review reassesses the significance of many other 'mean field' experiments in the context of strong disorder, with emphasis on the effects of high-mobility dopants and long-range strain fields.
C1 Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
NR 185
TC 38
Z9 38
U1 0
U2 6
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0034-4885
EI 1361-6633
J9 REP PROG PHYS
JI Rep. Prog. Phys.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 66
IS 12
BP 2111
EP 2182
AR PII S0034-4885(03)56188-7
DI 10.1088/0034-4885/66/12/R02
PG 72
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 765XY
UT WOS:000188317400002
ER
PT J
AU Lee, R
Jordan, G
Leiby, PN
Owens, B
Wolf, JL
AF Lee, R
Jordan, G
Leiby, PN
Owens, B
Wolf, JL
TI Estimating the benefits of government-sponsored energy R & D
SO RESEARCH EVALUATION
LA English
DT Article
AB A National Research Council (NRC) committee recently conducted a retrospective study of the benefits of some of the energy efficiency and fossil energy programs in the US Department of Energy (US DOE). A subsequent conference discussed ways of adapting and refining the NRC framework for possible use by US DOE offices to help plan and manage their R&D. A framework that emerged from the conference is depicted by a matrix that categorizes different types of benefits. The rows of the matrix reflect the goals of the department, and the columns reflect the time-frame and level of certainty. The conference suggested many approaches for estimating the benefits within each category and also noted many challenges in making these estimates.
C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
Sandia Natl Labs, Dept 01010, Washington, DC 20024 USA.
Platts Res & Consulting, Boulder, CO 80301 USA.
RP Lee, R (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM LeeRM@ornl.gov; gbjorda@sandia.gov; LeibyPN@ornl.gov;
JamesLWolf@Comcast.net
NR 8
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU BEECH TREE PUBLISHING
PI GUILDFORD
PA 10 WATFORD CLOSE,, GUILDFORD GU1 2EP, SURREY, ENGLAND
SN 0958-2029
J9 RES EVALUAT
JI Res. Evaluat.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 12
IS 3
BP 183
EP 195
DI 10.3152/147154403781776627
PG 13
WC Information Science & Library Science
SC Information Science & Library Science
GA 779LY
UT WOS:000189300600003
ER
PT J
AU Lee, SG
Bak, JG
Jung, YS
Bitter, M
Hill, KW
Holzer, G
Wehrhan, O
Forster, E
AF Lee, SG
Bak, JG
Jung, YS
Bitter, M
Hill, KW
Holzer, G
Wehrhan, O
Forster, E
TI An efficient method for simultaneous measurement of the integrated
reflectivity of crystals in multiple orders of reflection using the
bremsstrahlung continuum from an x-ray tube and comparison of
experimental results for mica with theoretical calculations
SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
LA English
DT Article
ID SPECTROSCOPY; FLAT
AB This article describes an efficient method for the simultaneous measurement of the integrated reflectivity of a crystal in multiple orders of reflection at a predefined Bragg angle by using the bremsstrahlung continuum from an x-ray tube in combination with an energy-sensitive detector. The technique is demonstrated with a mica crystal for Bragg angles of 43degrees, 47degrees, and 50degrees. The measured integrated reflectivity for Bragg reflections up to the 24th order is compared with theoretical predictions, which are also presented in this article. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics.
C1 Korea Basic Sci Inst, Taejon 305333, South Korea.
Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
X Fab Semicond Foundries AG, D-99097 Erfurt, Germany.
Univ Jena, D-6900 Jena, Germany.
RP Lee, SG (reprint author), Korea Basic Sci Inst, Taejon 305333, South Korea.
NR 6
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0034-6748
J9 REV SCI INSTRUM
JI Rev. Sci. Instrum.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 74
IS 12
BP 5046
EP 5052
DI 10.1063/1.1619546
PG 7
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA 746PU
UT WOS:000186755400006
ER
PT J
AU Baker, KL
AF Baker, KL
TI Curvature wave-front sensors for electron density characterization in
plasmas
SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
LA English
DT Article
ID LASER
AB In this article we examine the use of a curvature wave-front sensor to accurately measure the Laplacian of the line-integrated electron density formed in laser-produced and Z-pinch plasma experiments. Specifically, we propose designs for single shot curvature wave-front sensors capable of quantitatively determining the electron density present in a high density plasma. Wave optics simulations of the proposed designs are presented and are shown to quantitatively reconstruct the phase of a light beam passing through the simulated plasma. A laboratory demonstration of the single shot curvature wave-front sensor is also presented. For this demonstration, a liquid-crystal spatial light modulator is used to introduce a spatially varying phase, thus simulating a phase profile that could occur when a probe passes through a plasma. The phase change measured by the curvature sensor is then computed and shown to accurately reproduce the phase written to the spatial light modulator. Merits associated with the use of a curvature sensor are also discussed. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics.
C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Baker, KL (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
NR 12
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0034-6748
J9 REV SCI INSTRUM
JI Rev. Sci. Instrum.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 74
IS 12
BP 5070
EP 5075
DI 10.1063/1.1628822
PG 6
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA 746PU
UT WOS:000186755400011
ER
PT J
AU Solomon, WM
Burrell, KH
Gohil, P
Groebner, R
Kaplan, D
AF Solomon, WM
Burrell, KH
Gohil, P
Groebner, R
Kaplan, D
TI Cross-calibrating spatial positions of light-viewing diagnostics using
plasma edge sweeps in DIII-D
SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
LA English
DT Article
ID D TOKAMAK; SPECTROSCOPY; PARAMETERS
AB An experimental technique is presented that permits diagnostics viewing light from the plasma edge to be spatially calibrated relative to one another. By sweeping the plasma edge, each chord of each diagnostic sweeps out a portion of the light emission profile. A nonlinear least-squares fit to such data provides superior cross-calibration of diagnostics located at different toroidal locations compared with simple surveying. Another advantage of the technique is that it can be used to monitor the position of viewing chords during an experimental campaign to ensure that alignment does not change over time. Moverover, should such a change occur, the data can still be cross-calibrated and its usefulness retained. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics.
C1 Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA.
RP Solomon, WM (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
OI Solomon, Wayne/0000-0002-0902-9876
NR 11
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0034-6748
J9 REV SCI INSTRUM
JI Rev. Sci. Instrum.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 74
IS 12
BP 5084
EP 5089
DI 10.1063/1.1623622
PG 6
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA 746PU
UT WOS:000186755400013
ER
PT J
AU Mastrovito, D
Maingi, R
Kugel, HW
Roquemore, AL
AF Mastrovito, D
Maingi, R
Kugel, HW
Roquemore, AL
TI Infrared camera diagnostic for heat flux measurements on the National
Spherical Torus Experiment
SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
LA English
DT Article
AB An infrared imaging system has been installed on the National Spherical Torus Experiment at Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory to measure the surface temperatures on the lower divertor and center stack. The imaging system is based on an Indigo Alpha 160x128 microbolometer camera with 12 bits/pixel operating in the 7-13 mum range with a 30 Hz frame rate and a dynamic temperature range of 0-700 degreesC. From these data and knowledge of graphite thermal properties, the heat flux is derived with a classic one-dimensional conduction model. Preliminary results of heat flux scaling are reported. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics.
C1 Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Mastrovito, D (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
NR 6
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0034-6748
J9 REV SCI INSTRUM
JI Rev. Sci. Instrum.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 74
IS 12
BP 5090
EP 5092
DI 10.1063/1.1623625
PG 3
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA 746PU
UT WOS:000186755400014
ER
PT J
AU Torbert, E
Furno, I
Intrator, T
Hemsing, E
AF Torbert, E
Furno, I
Intrator, T
Hemsing, E
TI A plasma-shielded, miniature Rogowski probe
SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
LA English
DT Article
AB The design and first results from an electrically isolated and plasma-shielded Rogowski probe, used in the reconnection scaling experiment (RSX), are presented. The probe is designed to withstand extreme thermal shock, plasma corrosion, and be vacuum sanitary, which is accomplished with a machinable boron nitride shell. The novel miniature design, with an inner detecting area of 0.79 cm(2), allows accurate position detection of plasma current channels with approximate to2 cm radius and to measure local current density profiles. The temporal resolution (<1 mus) is sufficiently high to resolve the dynamic evolution of RSX plasma current channels. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics.
C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Torbert, E (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mail Stop E526,P-24 Plasma Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
NR 7
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 5
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0034-6748
J9 REV SCI INSTRUM
JI Rev. Sci. Instrum.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 74
IS 12
BP 5097
EP 5100
DI 10.1063/1.1626010
PG 4
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA 746PU
UT WOS:000186755400016
ER
PT J
AU Tian, XB
Fu, RKY
Chu, PK
Anders, A
Gong, CZ
Yang, SQ
AF Tian, XB
Fu, RKY
Chu, PK
Anders, A
Gong, CZ
Yang, SQ
TI Flexible system for multiple plasma immersion ion
implantation-deposition processes
SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
LA English
DT Article
ID BEAM-ASSISTED DEPOSITION; SURFACE MODIFICATION; ARC DEPOSITION;
THIN-FILMS; VACUUM; TEMPERATURE; VOLTAGE; ENERGY; CARBON
AB Multiple plasma immersion ion implantation-deposition offers better flexibility compared to other thin film deposition techniques with regard to process optimization. The plasmas may be based on either cathodic arc plasmas (metal ions) or gas plasmas (gas ions) or both of them. Processing parameters such as pulsing frequency, pulse duration, bias voltage amplitude, and so on, that critically affect the film structure, internal stress, surface morphology, and other surface properties can be adjusted relatively easily to optimize the process. The plasma density can be readily controlled via the input power to obtain the desirable gas-to-metal ion ratios in the films. The high-voltage pulses can be applied to the samples within (in-duration mode), before (before-duration mode), or after (after-duration mode) the firing of the cathodic arcs. Consequently, dynamic ion beam assisted deposition processes incorporating various mixes of gas and metal ions can be achieved to yield thin films with the desirable properties. The immersion configuration provides to a certain degree the ability to treat components that are large and possess irregular geometries without resorting to complex sample manipulation or beam scanning. In this article we describe the hardware functions of such a system, voltage-current behavior to satisfy the needs of different processes, as well as typical experimental results. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics.
C1 City Univ Hong Kong, Dept Phys & Mat Sci, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Harbin Inst Technol, State Key Lab Welding Prod Technol, Harbin 150006, Peoples R China.
RP Chu, PK (reprint author), City Univ Hong Kong, Dept Phys & Mat Sci, Tat Chee Ave, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
RI Chu, Paul/B-5923-2013; Anders, Andre/B-8580-2009
OI Chu, Paul/0000-0002-5581-4883; Anders, Andre/0000-0002-5313-6505
NR 24
TC 9
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0034-6748
J9 REV SCI INSTRUM
JI Rev. Sci. Instrum.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 74
IS 12
BP 5137
EP 5140
DI 10.1063/1.1626012
PG 4
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA 746PU
UT WOS:000186755400023
ER
PT J
AU Jin, Z
Duan, YX
AF Jin, Z
Duan, YX
TI Simple, sensitive nitrogen analyzer based on pulsed miniplasma source
emission spectrometry
SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
LA English
DT Article
ID ATMOSPHERIC-PRESSURE; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ARGON;
DETECTOR; CONTAMINANTS; LEVEL
AB The development of pulsed miniplasma source emission spectrometry for trace nitrogen determination in inert gases is described in this article. The instrument consists of a pulsed miniplasma source generated by an in-house fabricated portable high-voltage supply, an optical beam collection system, an integrated small spectrometer with a charge-coupled-device detector, an interface card, and a notebook computer for controlling spectrometer parameters and signal processing. Trace nitrogen in the inert gases, such as helium and argon, was determined by monitoring the emission intensities from nitrogen molecules at 357 and 337 nm. The analytical performance was examined under various experimental conditions. The system has a detection limit of about 15 ppb (v/v) for nitrogen in helium with a relative standard deviation of 1.5%. The newly developed instrument offers a simple, low-cost, and sensitive method for continuously monitoring trace nitrogen in high-purity inert gases. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics.
C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, C ACS, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Jin, Z (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, C ACS, MS K-484, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
NR 15
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0034-6748
J9 REV SCI INSTRUM
JI Rev. Sci. Instrum.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 74
IS 12
BP 5156
EP 5160
DI 10.1063/1.1628841
PG 5
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA 746PU
UT WOS:000186755400027
ER
PT J
AU Rupp, TD
Gehr, RJ
Bucholtz, S
Robbins, DL
Stahl, DB
Sheffield, SA
AF Rupp, TD
Gehr, RJ
Bucholtz, S
Robbins, DL
Stahl, DB
Sheffield, SA
TI Stereo camera system for three-dimensional reconstruction of a flyer
plate in flight
SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
LA English
DT Article
AB A stereo camera system has been developed for use with the laser-driven MiniFlyer apparatus. The objective of the stereo camera is to determine the three-dimensional reconstruction of the surface of a flyer plate in flight. The resolution of the system is designed to be 10 mum, based on the maximum blur expected due to the flyer plate motion during the exposure. Illumination of the flyer plate in flight is accomplished with a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser. A grid is projected onto the flyer plate surface to provide reference points for the reconstruction. The software algorithm used for the reconstruction utilizes a bilinear interpolation to fill in the data between the grid lines. Data for copper and titanium flyer plates are discussed. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics.
C1 Honeywell Fed Mfg & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Gehr, RJ (reprint author), Honeywell Fed Mfg & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
NR 7
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0034-6748
J9 REV SCI INSTRUM
JI Rev. Sci. Instrum.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 74
IS 12
BP 5274
EP 5281
DI 10.1063/1.1622980
PG 8
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA 746PU
UT WOS:000186755400047
ER
PT J
AU Keegan, RP
Lopez, JC
McGrath, CA
AF Keegan, RP
Lopez, JC
McGrath, CA
TI Development of a field well head safety system for use with radiation
generating devices
SO SAFETY SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE well head safety system; neutron generator; neutron probe; bore hole;
subsurface medium
AB This paper discusses the design, testing and application of a new interlock system for field use with neutron generating bore hole probes at the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory. Such probes produce 14 MeV neutrons at a yield up to 3 x 10(8) neutrons/s, and present an ionizing radiation hazard to personnel particularly when operated in an unshielded configuration. This interlock system prevents personnel from being exposed to the relatively high radiation fields caused by an unsafe condition when an operating neutron generator probe is withdrawn from a well in the ground. An electromechanical interlock prototype system has been designed, built and tested, and has been found to be effective at preventing this event. The design is simple, is effective in mitigating the hazard, and can be installed in minutes. The system could be modified to interlock radiation-generating devices other than neutron generators that are used in similar environments. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Idaho Natl Engn Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
RP Keegan, RP (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn Lab, Mail Stop 2114,POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
RI McGrath, Christopher/E-8995-2013
NR 3
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0925-7535
J9 SAFETY SCI
JI Saf. Sci.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 41
IS 10
BP 877
EP 886
DI 10.1016/S0925-7535(02)00048-6
PG 10
WC Engineering, Industrial; Operations Research & Management Science
SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science
GA 734XW
UT WOS:000186084100004
ER
PT J
AU Datskos, PG
Lavrik, NV
Sepaniak, MJ
AF Datskos, PG
Lavrik, NV
Sepaniak, MJ
TI Detection of explosive compounds with the use of microcantilevers with
nanoporous coatings
SO SENSOR LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE microcantilever; explosives; detector
ID ENHANCED CHEMIMECHANICAL TRANSDUCTION; NUCLEAR-QUADRUPOLE RESONANCE;
CONTINUOUS-FLOW IMMUNOSENSOR; REMOTE DETECTION; VAPOR-PRESSURE; SURFACE;
FILMS; FLUORESCENCE; IMMUNOASSAY; CALIXARENES
AB Real-time detection of nitroaromatic explosive compounds in various environments is a challenging task for forensics, antiterrorist activities, and global de-mining projects. The ability to detect trace levels of trinitrotoluene (TNT) in air and soil is a key measure in reducing fatalities from land mines among civilians and tracking explosive materials. In the present work we demonstrate that microcantilevers modified with a chemically responsive coating produce large (micrometer-scale) bending responses in the presence of vapor-phase TNT and its analogs, 1-mononitrotoluene (1-MNT) and 2,4-dinitrotoluene (2,4-DNT). Efficient delivery of low-vapor-pressure nitroaromatic analytes was achieved by heating the analyte delivery system and encasing the detector in a heatable flow cell. The magnitude of responses to TNT vapor increased and the response kinetics was dramatically accelerated as the detector temperature was raised from 22 degrees C to 40 degrees C. The noise-limited TNT detection threshold was estimated to be 520 ppt(v).
C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
RP Datskos, PG (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM datskospg@ornl.gov
RI Lavrik, Nickolay/B-5268-2011
OI Lavrik, Nickolay/0000-0002-9543-5634
NR 43
TC 34
Z9 36
U1 4
U2 16
PU AMER SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHERS
PI STEVENSON RANCH
PA 25650 NORTH LEWIS WAY, STEVENSON RANCH, CA 91381-1439 USA
SN 1546-198X
J9 SENS LETT
JI Sens. Lett.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 1
IS 1
BP 25
EP 32
DI 10.1166/sl.2003.016
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation;
Physics, Applied
SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA 004PT
UT WOS:000234765400005
ER
PT J
AU Tran, P
Gosper, J
Gorton, I
AF Tran, P
Gosper, J
Gorton, I
TI Evaluating the sustained performance of COTS-based messaging systems
SO SOFTWARE TESTING VERIFICATION & RELIABILITY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 1st International Workshop on Verification and Validation of Enterprise
Information Systems (VVEIS 2003)
CY APR, 2003
CL ANGERS, FRANCE
DE message-oriented middleware; message broker; performance evaluation;
messaging system; system validation; test and validation
AB Messaging systems, which include message brokers built on top of message-oriented middleware, have been used as middleware components in many enterprise application integration projects. There are many COTS-based messaging systems on the market, but there is little concrete understanding in the software industry on the performance of these different technologies. The authors have carried out a scenario-based evaluation of three leading messaging systems to provide insight into performance issues. The evaluation process includes a study of the sustained performance of the system under load. The result of this study is used to derive a generic metric for quantifying a messaging system's performance. The paper describes a synthetic transactional scenario, which is used for load tests and performance measurement. The results from executing this test scenario with three messaging systems are then presented and explained. Copyright (C) 2003 John Wiley Sons, Ltd.
C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
CSIRO, Math & Informat Sci, N Ryde, NSW 2113, Australia.
EM ian.gorton@pnl.gov
RI Gorton, Ian/A-8247-2009
NR 8
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 0
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0960-0833
EI 1099-1689
J9 SOFTW TEST VERIF REL
JI Softw. Test. Verif. Reliab.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 13
IS 4
BP 229
EP 240
DI 10.1002/stvr.279
PG 12
WC Computer Science, Software Engineering
SC Computer Science
GA 765HC
UT WOS:000188260200003
ER
PT J
AU Chang, CW
Regan, BC
Mickelson, W
Ritchie, RO
Zettl, A
AF Chang, CW
Regan, BC
Mickelson, W
Ritchie, RO
Zettl, A
TI Probing structural phase transitions of crystalline C-60 via resistivity
measurements of metal film overlayers
SO SOLID STATE COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE fullerene; metal film; phase transition
ID ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; CHARGE-TRANSFER; SINGLE-CRYSTAL
AB The electrical resistance of thin silver films deposited on C-60 crystals shows anomalies near 261, 240, and 100 K. These temperatures coincide. respectively, with the bulk rotational, surface rotational, and quenched disorder structural phase transitions of crystalline C-60. Films of other metals on C-60 show similar behavior. Our findings demonstrate that thin metal film overlayers are sensitive probes of the structural phase transitions in C60, and also provide evidence for a novel structural-electronic interaction at the metal/C-60 interface. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Zettl, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RI Chang, Chih-Wei/A-5974-2012; Ritchie, Robert/A-8066-2008; Mickelson,
Willi/D-8813-2013; Zettl, Alex/O-4925-2016
OI Ritchie, Robert/0000-0002-0501-6998; Mickelson,
Willi/0000-0002-6398-6212; Zettl, Alex/0000-0001-6330-136X
NR 15
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 2
U2 9
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0038-1098
J9 SOLID STATE COMMUN
JI Solid State Commun.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 128
IS 9-10
BP 359
EP 363
DI 10.1016/j.ssc.2003.08.042
PG 5
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 738BE
UT WOS:000186266200008
ER
PT J
AU Butko, VY
Chi, X
Ramirez, AP
AF Butko, VY
Chi, X
Ramirez, AP
TI Free-standing tetracene single crystal field effect transistor
SO SOLID STATE COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE organic crystals; semiconductors; crystal growth; electronic transport;
recombination and trapping
ID THIN-FILM TRANSISTORS; ORGANIC SEMICONDUCTORS; PENTACENE; MOBILITY;
GROWTH; TEMPERATURE
AB We have fabricated and studied field effect transistors (FETs) on the optically transparent free-standing organic single crystals of tetracene. These FETs exhibit effective hole channel mobility up to 0.15 cm(2)/V s and on-off ratios up to 2 x 10(7). Using measured values of mu(eff), thermal activation energy, and a simple model, we deduce an intrinsic free carrier mobility in the range of tens of cm(2)/VS, similar to that found in pentacene crystals. These values should be considered only as a rough indication of achievable mobilities in samples much purer than those presently studied. The obtained results show the possibility of FET behavior in transparent crystals with low intrinsic carrier density. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Butko, VY (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MST-10,MS-K764,POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
NR 22
TC 62
Z9 63
U1 2
U2 25
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0038-1098
J9 SOLID STATE COMMUN
JI Solid State Commun.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 128
IS 11
BP 431
EP 434
DI 10.1016/j.ssc.2003.08.014
PG 4
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 747ML
UT WOS:000186808200007
ER
PT J
AU Kwon, YW
Norton, DP
Jellison, GE
AF Kwon, YW
Norton, DP
Jellison, GE
TI Recrystallization and dielectric properties of CaHfOx films on Si
SO SOLID-STATE ELECTRONICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 9th International Workshop on Oxide Electronics
CY OCT, 2002
CL FLORIDA
DE perovskite; gate dielectric; calcium hafnate; capacitance
ID HAFNIUM OXIDE; ELECTRICAL CHARACTERIZATION; GATE DIELECTRICS; STABILITY;
SI(001); SILICON
AB The recrystallization and dielectric behavior for amorphous CaHfOx films on Si substrates has been investigated. Upon conventional annealing in air, the CaHfOx films remain amorphous up to an annealing temperature of 800 degreesC for annealing times of 1 h. This recrystallization temperature is significantly higher than that reported for HfO2 subjected to rapid thermal annealing. Metal-insulator-semiconductor structures with Pt gate electrodes were fabricated with various CaHfOx film thickness for capacitance-voltage and leakage current measurements. From this, the permittivity of CaHfOx was determined, along with interface layer capacitance for films on Si. The enhanced stability against polycrystalline grain growth, along with the thermodynamic stability of both CaO and HfO2 in contact with Si, suggests that CaHfOx may be an attractive gate dielectric for future generation metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor applications. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Norton, DP (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 106 Rhines Hall, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
NR 19
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 4
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0038-1101
J9 SOLID STATE ELECTRON
JI Solid-State Electron.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 47
IS 12
BP 2149
EP 2153
DI 10.1016/S0038-1101(03)00188-6
PG 5
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics,
Condensed Matter
SC Engineering; Physics
GA 747FQ
UT WOS:000186794900003
ER
PT J
AU Kim, K
Kwon, YW
Norton, DP
Christen, DK
Budai, JD
Sales, BC
Chisholm, MF
Cantoni, C
Marken, K
AF Kim, K
Kwon, YW
Norton, DP
Christen, DK
Budai, JD
Sales, BC
Chisholm, MF
Cantoni, C
Marken, K
TI Epitaxial (La,Sr)TiO3 as a conductive buffer for high temperature
superconducting coated conductors
SO SOLID-STATE ELECTRONICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 9th International Workshop on Oxide Electronics
CY OCT, 2002
CL FL
DE coated conductors; wires; epitaxial films; buffer layers
ID CRITICAL-CURRENT DENSITY; MOTT-INSULATOR; FILMS; LAYERS; TAPES;
SR1-XLAXTIO3; PEROVSKITES; TRANSITION; GROWTH; LATIO3
AB The transport and structural properties of (La,Sr)TiO3 epitaxial thin films grown by pulsed-laser deposition is presented. In particular, the potential,use of (La,Sr)TiO3 as a conductive buffer layer for subsequent growth of high temperature superconducting films for coated conductors is discussed. Van der Pauw measurements of film resistivity as a function oxidation conditions show that, for undoped LaTiO3 films, the resistivity increases rapidly as background oxygen pressure is increased, which is consistent with the formation of the LaTiO3+x phase. Sr doping of LaTiO3 significantly enhances the conductivity of thin film materials when synthesized under oxidizing conditions. The transport behavior for Sr-doped LaTiO3 films Correlates with structural data showing no significant shift in lattice spacing as oxygen partial pressure is increased during film growth. In addition, the epitaxial growth of (La,Sr)TiO3 on biaxially textured Ni alloy tapes is demonstrated. These results suggest that (La,Sr)TiO3 is a viable candidate as a conducting buffer for superconducting film growth on biaxially textured metal tapes. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
Oxford Superconducting Technol, Carteret, NJ 07008 USA.
RP Norton, DP (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 100 Rhines Hall, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
EM dnort@mse.ufl.edu
RI Budai, John/R-9276-2016; Cantoni, Claudia/G-3031-2013
OI Budai, John/0000-0002-7444-1306; Cantoni, Claudia/0000-0002-9731-2021
NR 32
TC 16
Z9 20
U1 2
U2 9
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0038-1101
J9 SOLID STATE ELECTRON
JI Solid-State Electron.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 47
IS 12
BP 2177
EP 2181
DI 10.1016/S0038-1101(03)00193-X
PG 5
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics,
Condensed Matter
SC Engineering; Physics
GA 747FQ
UT WOS:000186794900008
ER
PT J
AU Ivill, M
Overberg, ME
Abernathy, CR
Norton, DP
Hebard, AF
Theodoropoulou, N
Budai, JD
AF Ivill, M
Overberg, ME
Abernathy, CR
Norton, DP
Hebard, AF
Theodoropoulou, N
Budai, JD
TI Properties of Mn-doped Cu2O semiconducting thin films grown by
pulsed-laser deposition
SO SOLID-STATE ELECTRONICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 9th International Workshop on Oxide Electronics
CY OCT, 2002
CL FLORIDA
ID MAGNETIC SEMICONDUCTORS; FERROMAGNETISM; ZNO; OXIDE; MN3O4
AB Semiconducting oxides offer the potential for exploring and understanding spin-based functionality in a semiconducting host material. Theoretical predictions suggest that carrier-mediated ferromagnetism should be favored for p-type material. Cu2O is a p-type, direct wide bandgap oxide semiconductor that may hold interest in exploring spin behavior. In this paper, the properties of Mn-doped Cu2O are described. Activities focused on understanding Mn incorporation during thin-film synthesis, as well as magnetic characterization. The epitaxial films were grown by pulsed-laser deposition. X-ray diffraction was used to determine film crystallinity and to address the formation of secondary phases. SQUID magnetometry was employed to characterize the magnetic properties. Ferromagnetism is observed in selected Mn-doped Cu2O films, but appears to be associated with Mn3O4 secondary phases. In phase-pure Mn-doped Cu2O films, no evidence for ferromagnetism is observed. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
Univ Florida, Dept Phys, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Ivill, M (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
RI Budai, John/R-9276-2016
OI Budai, John/0000-0002-7444-1306
NR 27
TC 59
Z9 59
U1 1
U2 31
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0038-1101
J9 SOLID STATE ELECTRON
JI Solid-State Electron.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 47
IS 12
BP 2215
EP 2220
DI 10.1016/S0038-1101(03)00200-4
PG 6
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics,
Condensed Matter
SC Engineering; Physics
GA 747FQ
UT WOS:000186794900015
ER
PT J
AU Lee, JS
Khim, ZG
Park, YD
Norton, DP
Theodoropoulou, NA
Hebard, AF
Budai, JD
Boatner, LA
Pearton, SJ
Wilson, RG
AF Lee, JS
Khim, ZG
Park, YD
Norton, DP
Theodoropoulou, NA
Hebard, AF
Budai, JD
Boatner, LA
Pearton, SJ
Wilson, RG
TI Magnetic properties of Co- and Mn-implanted BaTiO3, SrTiO3 and KTaO3
SO SOLID-STATE ELECTRONICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 9th International Workshop on Oxide Electronics
CY OCT, 2002
CL FLORIDA
ID ROOM-TEMPERATURE FERROMAGNETISM; MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; THIN-FILMS;
DOPED ZNO; ION-IMPLANTATION; MAGNETORESISTANCE; SEMICONDUCTORS;
MAGNETOTRANSPORT
AB Implantation of Co or Mn into single-crystal BaTiO3(K), SrTiO3 or KTaO3(Ca), followed by annealing at 700 degreesC, produced ferromagnetic behavior over a broad range of transition metal concentrations. For BaTiO3, both Co and Mn implantation produced magnetic ordering temperatures near 300 K with coercivities less than or equal to70 Oe. The M-T plots showed either a near-linear decrease of magnetization with increasing temperature for Co and a non-Brillouin shaped curve for Mn. No secondary phases were detected by high-resolution X-ray diffraction. The same basic trends were observed for both SrTiO3 and KTaO3, with the exception that at high Mn concentrations (similar to5 at.%) the SrTiO3 was no longer ferromagnetic. Our results are consistent with recent reports of room temperature ferromagnetism in other perovskite systems (e.g. LaBaMnO3) and theoretical predictions for transition metal doping of BaTiO3 [Nakayama et al., Jap. J. Appl. Phys. 40 (2001) L1355]. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
Seoul Natl Univ, Sch Phys, Seoul 151747, South Korea.
Univ Florida, Dept Phys, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Norton, DP (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
RI Park, Yun/A-9559-2008; Boatner, Lynn/I-6428-2013; Budai,
John/R-9276-2016
OI Park, Yun/0000-0001-7699-0432; Boatner, Lynn/0000-0002-0235-7594; Budai,
John/0000-0002-7444-1306
NR 35
TC 45
Z9 48
U1 2
U2 24
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0038-1101
J9 SOLID STATE ELECTRON
JI Solid-State Electron.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 47
IS 12
BP 2225
EP 2230
DI 10.1016/S0038-1101(03)00202-8
PG 6
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics,
Condensed Matter
SC Engineering; Physics
GA 747FQ
UT WOS:000186794900017
ER
PT J
AU Theodoropoulou, NA
Hebard, AF
Norton, DP
Budai, JD
Boatner, LA
Lee, JS
Khim, ZG
Park, YD
Overberg, ME
Pearton, SJ
Wilson, RG
AF Theodoropoulou, NA
Hebard, AF
Norton, DP
Budai, JD
Boatner, LA
Lee, JS
Khim, ZG
Park, YD
Overberg, ME
Pearton, SJ
Wilson, RG
TI Ferromagnetism in Co- and Mn-doped ZnO
SO SOLID-STATE ELECTRONICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 9th International Workshop on Oxide Electronics
CY OCT, 2002
CL FL
DE oxides; ferromagnetic semiconductor; zinc oxide; implantation
ID P-TYPE ZNO; MAGNETIC SEMICONDUCTORS; THIN-FILMS
AB Bulk single crystals of Sn-doped ZnO were implanted with Co or Mn at doses designed to produce transition metal concentrations of 3-5 at.% in the near-surface (similar to2000 Angstrom) region. The implantation was performed at similar to350 degreesC to promote dynamic annealing of ion-induced damage. Following annealing at 700 degreesC, temperature-dependent magnetization measurements showed ordering temperatures of similar to300 K for Co- and similar to250 K for Mn-implanted ZnO. Clear hysteresis loops were obtained at these temperatures. The coercive fields were less than or equal to 100 Oe for all measurement temperatures. X-ray diffraction showed no detectable second phases in the Mn-implanted material. One plausible origin for the ferromagnetism in this case is a carrier-induced mechanism. By sharp contrast, the Co-implanted material showed evidence for the presence of Co precipitates with hexagonal symmetry, which is the cause of the room temperature ferromagnetism. Our results are consistent with the stabilization of ferromagnetic states by electron doping in transition metal-doped ZnO predicted by Sato and Katayama-Yoshida [Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 40 (2001) L334]. This work shows the excellent promise of Mn-doped ZnO for potential room temperature spintronic applications. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
Univ Florida, Dept Phys, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
Seoul Natl Univ, Sch Phys, Seoul 151747, South Korea.
RP Norton, DP (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
EM dnort@mse.ufl.edu
RI Park, Yun/A-9559-2008; Boatner, Lynn/I-6428-2013; Budai,
John/R-9276-2016
OI Park, Yun/0000-0001-7699-0432; Boatner, Lynn/0000-0002-0235-7594; Budai,
John/0000-0002-7444-1306
NR 25
TC 78
Z9 78
U1 1
U2 9
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0038-1101
EI 1879-2405
J9 SOLID STATE ELECTRON
JI Solid-State Electron.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 47
IS 12
BP 2231
EP 2235
DI 10.1016/S0038-1101(03)00203-X
PG 5
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics,
Condensed Matter
SC Engineering; Physics
GA 747FQ
UT WOS:000186794900018
ER
PT J
AU Varela, M
Lupini, AR
Pennycook, SJ
Sefrioui, Z
Santamaria, J
AF Varela, M
Lupini, AR
Pennycook, SJ
Sefrioui, Z
Santamaria, J
TI Nanoscale analysis of YBa2Cu3O7-x/La0.67Ca0.33MnO3 interfaces
SO SOLID-STATE ELECTRONICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 9th International Workshop on Oxide Electronics
CY OCT, 2002
CL FLORIDA
DE superlattices; interfaces; electron microscopy; high T-c
superconductivity; manganites
ID LA0.7CA0.3MNO3/YBA2CU3O7-DELTA SUPERLATTICES; THIN-FILMS;
SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; MULTILAYERS; SMBA2CU3OY; MAGNETISM
AB The structure of interfaces in superconducting/ferromagnetic YBa2Cu3O7-x/La0.67Ca0.33MnO3 superlattices has been analyzed by scanning transmission electron microscopy and high spatial resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy. Individual layers are flat over long lateral distances. The interfaces are coherent, free of defects, exhibiting no roughness, and are located at the BaO plane of the superconductor. Concerning chemical disorder, EELS measurements show the absence of measurable chemical interdiffusion within experimental error bars. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
Univ Complutense Madrid, Dpto Fis Aplicada 3, GFMC, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
RP Varela, M (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RI Varela, Maria/H-2648-2012; Varela, Maria/E-2472-2014; Santamaria,
Jacobo/N-8783-2016; Sefrioui, Zouhair/C-2728-2017
OI Varela, Maria/0000-0002-6582-7004; Santamaria,
Jacobo/0000-0003-4594-2686; Sefrioui, Zouhair/0000-0002-6703-3339
NR 14
TC 58
Z9 58
U1 0
U2 18
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0038-1101
J9 SOLID STATE ELECTRON
JI Solid-State Electron.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 47
IS 12
BP 2245
EP 2248
DI 10.1016/S0038-1101(03)00205-3
PG 4
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics,
Condensed Matter
SC Engineering; Physics
GA 747FQ
UT WOS:000186794900020
ER
PT J
AU Heo, YW
Kaufman, M
Pruessner, K
Norton, DP
Ren, F
Chisholm, MF
Fleming, PH
AF Heo, YW
Kaufman, M
Pruessner, K
Norton, DP
Ren, F
Chisholm, MF
Fleming, PH
TI Optical properties of Zn1-xMgxO nanorods using catalysis-driven
molecular beam epitaxy
SO SOLID-STATE ELECTRONICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 9th International Workshop on Oxide Electronics
CY OCT, 2002
CL FLORIDA
DE ZnMgO; nanorods; photoluminescence; molecular beam epitaxy
ID ZINC-OXIDE NANOWIRES; ZNO NANORODS; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE PROPERTIES;
SEMICONDUCTOR NANOWIRES; VAPOR TRANSPORT; GROWTH; DEPOSITION; NANOBELTS;
ARRAYS
AB We report on the optical properties of (Zn,Mg)O nanorods grown by catalyst-driven molecular beam epitaxy. The process is site-specific, as single crystal (Zn,Mg)O nanorod growth is realized via nucleation on Ag films or islands that are deposited on a SiO2-terminated Si substrate surface. Growth occurs within a flux of Zn, Mg, and O-2/O-3 mixture at substrate temperatures of 400 500 degreesC. With the addition of Mg, the nanorod morphology becomes more uniform relative to the pure ZnO nanomaterials synthesized under similar conditions. The (Zn,Mg)O nanorods are cylindrical, exhibiting diameters of 15-40 nm and lengths in excess of 1 mum. The (Zn,Mg)O nanorods exhibit a strong photoluminescence response, showing a slight shift to shorter wavelengths due to Mg incorporation. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32606 USA.
Univ Florida, Dept Chem Engn, Gainesville, FL 32606 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Heo, YW (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, POB 116400,Rhines Hall, Gainesville, FL 32606 USA.
RI Pruessner, Karin/A-4949-2009; Kaufman, Michael/A-7737-2012
NR 43
TC 49
Z9 51
U1 0
U2 8
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0038-1101
J9 SOLID STATE ELECTRON
JI Solid-State Electron.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 47
IS 12
BP 2269
EP 2273
DI 10.1016/S0038-1101(03)00209-0
PG 5
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics,
Condensed Matter
SC Engineering; Physics
GA 747FQ
UT WOS:000186794900024
ER
PT J
AU Jeong, BS
Norton, DP
Budai, JD
AF Jeong, BS
Norton, DP
Budai, JD
TI Conductivity in transparent anatase TiO2 films epitaxially grown by
reactive sputtering deposition
SO SOLID-STATE ELECTRONICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 9th International Workshop on Oxide Electronics
CY OCT, 2002
CL FLORIDA
ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; THIN-FILMS; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES;
TITANIUM-DIOXIDE; TEMPERATURE; SUBSTRATE; RUTILE
AB The synthesis of semiconducting TiO2 thin films deposited by reactive sputtering is discussed. In particular, defect doping of the anatase polymorph that is epitaxial stabilized on (0 0 1) LaAlO3 was explored using either oxygen or water vapor as the oxidizing species. For films grown in oxygen, a transition from insulating to metallic conductivity of the films is observed as the O-2 pressure is reduced. X-ray diffraction measurements show the presence of the TinO2n-1 phase when the oxygen pressure is reduced sufficiently to induce conductive behavior. Hall measurements indicate that these materials are p-type. In contrast, the use of water vapor as the oxidizing species enabled the formation of n-type semiconducting TiO2 with carrier density on the order of 10(18) cm(-3) and mobility of 10-15 cm(2)/V s. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Jeong, BS (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 106 Rhines Hall, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
RI Budai, John/R-9276-2016
OI Budai, John/0000-0002-7444-1306
NR 23
TC 55
Z9 55
U1 0
U2 18
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0038-1101
J9 SOLID STATE ELECTRON
JI Solid-State Electron.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 47
IS 12
BP 2275
EP 2278
DI 10.1016/S0038-1101(03)00210-7
PG 4
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics,
Condensed Matter
SC Engineering; Physics
GA 747FQ
UT WOS:000186794900025
ER
PT J
AU Pitts, JR
AF Pitts, JR
TI IME-5 guest editor's foreword
SO SOLID STATE IONICS
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Basic Sci Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Pitts, JR (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Basic Sci Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-2738
J9 SOLID STATE IONICS
JI Solid State Ion.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 165
IS 1-4
BP XI
EP XII
DI 10.1016/j.ssi.2003.08.008
PG 2
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 754DC
UT WOS:000187286600001
ER
PT J
AU Karazhanov, SZ
Zhang, Y
Mascarenhas, A
Deb, S
Wang, LW
AF Karazhanov, SZ
Zhang, Y
Mascarenhas, A
Deb, S
Wang, LW
TI Oxygen vacancy in cubic WO3 studied by first-principles pseudopotential
calculation
SO SOLID STATE IONICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 5th International Meeting on Electrochromism (IME-5)
CY AUG 05-09, 2002
CL GOLDEN, COLORADO
DE ABO(3) perovskites; tungsten oxide; electrochromism; non-stoichiometry;
defects; Ab initio calculations; LDA; pseudopotential methods
ID SEMIEMPIRICAL CALCULATIONS; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES;
TUNGSTEN TRIOXIDE; DEEP LEVELS; THIN-FILMS; F-CENTERS; SEMICONDUCTORS;
STATES; CRYSTALS
AB In this work, the oxygen vacancy in WO3 has been studied by an ab initio pseudopotential method within the local density approximation (LDA). It is shown that with the charge state change of the vacancy, a strong lattice relaxation, swing from one to the other side of the un-relaxed position, is found for the nearest W ions, accompanied by large changes in the electronic structure of the vacancy. It is found that an oxygen vacancy in WO3 gives rise to three types of defect states: a donor-like state near the fundamental band gap, derived from the top valence bands, a hyper-deep resonant state in the valence band and a high-lying resonant state in the conduction band, derived from the oxygen 2s bonding and anti-bonding band, respectively. The existence of the donor-like defect state offers a possible explanation for the dependence of the conductivity and the mid-gap absorption on the O deficiency. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
Lawrence Berkeley Lab, NERSC, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Zhang, Y (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RI Karazhanov, Smagul/E-3357-2015
OI Karazhanov, Smagul/0000-0001-6504-2517
NR 31
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 3
U2 35
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-2738
J9 SOLID STATE IONICS
JI Solid State Ion.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 165
IS 1-4
BP 43
EP 49
DI 10.1016/j.ssi.2003.08.012
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 754DC
UT WOS:000187286600007
ER
PT J
AU Zayim, EO
Liu, P
Lee, SH
Tracy, CE
Turner, JA
Pitts, JR
Deb, SK
AF Zayim, EO
Liu, P
Lee, SH
Tracy, CE
Turner, JA
Pitts, JR
Deb, SK
TI Mesoporous sol-gel WO3 thin films via poly(styrene-co-allyl-alcohol)
copolymer templates
SO SOLID STATE IONICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 5th International Meeting on Electrochromism (IME-5)
CY AUG 05-09, 2002
CL GOLDEN, COLORADO
DE mesoporous tungsten oxide; sol-gel processing; electrochromism;
ultraviolet illumination; insertion kinetics
ID MOLECULAR-SIEVES; TUNGSTEN-OXIDE
AB In this study a copolymer poly(styrene-co-allyl-alcohol), [-CH2CH(C6H5)-](x)[-CH2CH-(CH2OH)-](y) has been employed as a novel template in a sol-gel synthesis process to direct the formation of mesoporous tungsten oxide. The copolymer, due to its rigid hydrophobic block of polystyrene, is a more effective surfactant in an alcohol solution than polypropylene oxide-polyethylene oxide based compounds. The films have been prepared by a spin-coating technique from an ethanol solution of tungsten hexachloride. A room temperature, ultraviolet illumination method has been found to be very suitable for removing the polymer template, leading to the formation of a high-quality mesoporous structure. The electrochromic and optical properties of the mesoporous films are described and compared to standard sol-gel tungsten oxide films. Mesoporous materials exhibit superior high-rate ion-insertion performance when used as electrochromic layers. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Istanbul Tech Univ, Dept Phys, Fac Sci & Letters, TR-80626 Istanbul, Turkey.
Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Zayim, EO (reprint author), Istanbul Tech Univ, Dept Phys, Fac Sci & Letters, TR-80626 Istanbul, Turkey.
RI Lee, Sehee/A-5989-2011; Liu, Ping/I-5615-2012
NR 16
TC 39
Z9 40
U1 5
U2 30
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-2738
J9 SOLID STATE IONICS
JI Solid State Ion.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 165
IS 1-4
BP 65
EP 72
DI 10.1016/j.ssi.2003.08.014
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 754DC
UT WOS:000187286600010
ER
PT J
AU Lee, SH
Cheong, HM
Liu, P
Tracy, CE
Pitts, JR
Deb, SK
AF Lee, SH
Cheong, HM
Liu, P
Tracy, CE
Pitts, JR
Deb, SK
TI Improving the durability of ion insertion materials in a liquid
electrolyte
SO SOLID STATE IONICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 5th International Meeting on Electrochromism (IME-5)
CY AUG 05-09, 2002
CL GOLDEN, COLORADO
DE electrochromic devices; liquid electrolyte; polymeric gel electrolyte;
cyclic durability; protective layer
ID LITHIUM BATTERIES; THIN-FILMS; OXIDE
AB Electrochromic (EC) devices fabricated with liquid or polymeric gel electrolyte are often less durable than those constructed with inorganic solid-state electrolyte. Long-term degradation of the ion insertion layer (with extensive cycling) by the liquid/gel electrolyte may contribute to this durability problem. In this respect, two V2O5 thin film electrodes were fabricated for extensive cyclic durability testing in a LiClO4/propylene carbonate (PC) liquid electrolyte: One V2O5 film had no overlying coating while the other had a protective thin film of solid lithium ion-conducting LiAlF4. The protected V2O5 exhibited improved durability in terms of constant capacity with repeated cycling up to 800 cycles, while the uncoated V2O5 electrode displayed significant capacity loss. Our results demonstrate that deposition of an inorganic solid electrolyte (LiAlF4) on amorphous V2O5 films serves as a protective overlayer and enhances the long-term cycling efficiency and stability of the V2O5 in a liquid electrolyte. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
Sogang Univ, Seoul 121742, South Korea.
RP Lee, SH (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RI Lee, Sehee/A-5989-2011; Cheong, Hyeonsik/D-7424-2012; Liu,
Ping/I-5615-2012
OI Cheong, Hyeonsik/0000-0002-2347-4044;
NR 11
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 12
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-2738
J9 SOLID STATE IONICS
JI Solid State Ion.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 165
IS 1-4
BP 81
EP 87
DI 10.1016/j.ssi.2003.08.058
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 754DC
UT WOS:000187286600012
ER
PT J
AU Lee, SH
Cheong, HM
Seong, MJ
Liu, P
Tracy, CE
Mascarenhas, A
Pitts, JR
Deb, SK
AF Lee, SH
Cheong, HM
Seong, MJ
Liu, P
Tracy, CE
Mascarenhas, A
Pitts, JR
Deb, SK
TI Raman spectroscopic studies of amorphous vanadium oxide thin films
SO SOLID STATE IONICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 5th International Meeting on Electrochromism (IME-5)
CY AUG 05-09, 2002
CL GOLDEN, COLORADO
DE Raman spectroscopy; amorphous vanadium oxide; oxygen deficiency;
gasochromic; hydrogen insertion
ID OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; NICKEL-OXIDE; V2O5; LITHIUM; PENTOXIDE; MECHANISM;
BEHAVIOR; INTERCALATION; GLASS
AB We report on the microstructural changes of amorphous V2O5 films with lithium intercalation. The Raman spectra of as-deposited films show two broad peaks around at 520 and 650 cm(-1), due to the stretching modes of the V-3-O and V-2-O bonds, respectively, and a relatively sharp peak at 1027 cm(-1) due to the V5+ = O stretching mode of terminal oxygen atoms. In addition, there is a peak at 932 cm(-1) that we attribute to the V4+ = O bonds. Comparison of the Raman spectra of V2O5 films with different oxygen deficiencies confirms this assignment. This Raman peak due to the stretching mode of the V4+ = O bonds develops and shifts toward lower frequencies with increasing lithium concentration. Comparison to results from gasochromic hydrogen insertion indicates that the 932 cm(-1) Raman peak is not a result of vibrations which involve Li or H atoms. We propose that the V4+ = O bonds are created by two different mechanisms: a direct conversion from V5+ = O bonds and the breaking of the single oxygen bonds involving V4+ ions. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Ctr Basic Sci, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
Sogang Univ, Dept Phys, Seoul 121742, South Korea.
RP Lee, SH (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Ctr Basic Sci, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RI Lee, Sehee/A-5989-2011; Cheong, Hyeonsik/D-7424-2012; Liu,
Ping/I-5615-2012
OI Cheong, Hyeonsik/0000-0002-2347-4044;
NR 29
TC 116
Z9 123
U1 4
U2 39
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-2738
J9 SOLID STATE IONICS
JI Solid State Ion.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 165
IS 1-4
BP 111
EP 116
DI 10.1016/j.ssi.2003.08.022
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 754DC
UT WOS:000187286600016
ER
PT J
AU Lee, SH
Liu, P
Cheong, HM
Tracy, CE
Deb, SK
AF Lee, SH
Liu, P
Cheong, HM
Tracy, CE
Deb, SK
TI Electrochromism of amorphous ruthenium oxide thin films
SO SOLID STATE IONICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 5th International Meeting on Electrochromism (IME-5)
CY AUG 05-09, 2002
CL GOLDEN, COLORADO
DE ruthenium oxide; electrochromic; counter electrode; cyclic voltammetry;
capacitive behavior
ID ELECTROCHEMICAL CAPACITORS; SPECTROSCOPY; MECHANISM; WINDOWS
AB We report on the electrochromic behavior of amorphous ruthenium oxide thin films and their electrochemical characteristics for use as counterelectrodes for electrochromic devices. Hydrous ruthenium oxide thin films were prepared by cyclic voltammetry on ITO coated glass substrates from an aqueous ruthenium chloride solution. The cyclic voltammograrns of this material show the capacitive behavior including two redox reaction peaks in each cathodic and anodic scan. The ruthenium oxide thin film electrode exhibits a 50% modulation of optical transmittance at 670 nm wavelength with capacitor charge/discharge. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V All rights reserved.
C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Ctr Basic Sci, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
Sogang Univ, Seoul 121742, South Korea.
RP Lee, SH (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Ctr Basic Sci, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RI Lee, Sehee/A-5989-2011; Cheong, Hyeonsik/D-7424-2012; Liu,
Ping/I-5615-2012
OI Cheong, Hyeonsik/0000-0002-2347-4044;
NR 18
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 8
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-2738
J9 SOLID STATE IONICS
JI Solid State Ion.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 165
IS 1-4
BP 217
EP 221
DI 10.1016/j.ssi.2003.08.035
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 754DC
UT WOS:000187286600030
ER
PT J
AU Liu, P
Lee, SH
Tracy, CE
Turner, JA
Pitts, JR
Deb, SK
AF Liu, P
Lee, SH
Tracy, CE
Turner, JA
Pitts, JR
Deb, SK
TI Electrochromic and chemochromic performance of mesoporous thin-film
vanadium oxide
SO SOLID STATE IONICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 5th International Meeting on Electrochromism (IME-5)
CY AUG 05-09, 2002
CL GOLDEN, COLORADO
DE vanadium oxide; mesoporous; electrodeposition; electrochromic;
chemochromic
ID LITHIUM INTERCALATION; V2O5; DEPOSITION; CATHODES; HOST
AB Mesoporous vanadium oxide thin films have been deposited electrochemically from a water/ethanol solution of vanadyl sulfate and a nonionic polymer surfactant. Aggregates of the polymer surfactant serve as templates that result in the formation of a mesoporous structure. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) indicate the presence of both macroporosity and mesoporosity in the electrodeposited film. Chemochromic behavior of mesoporous vanadium oxide is demonstrated in a palladium/vanadium oxide thin-film device, which colors when exposed to hydrogen gas. A comparison of results with evaporated vanadium oxide reveals that the mesoporous film displays an improved kinetic performance, which is most likely attributable to its highly porous structure. Also, the electrochemical properties have been explored in a lithium-battery configuration. Mesoporous vanadium oxide exhibits a very high lithium storage capacity and greatly enhanced charge-discharge rate. In situ optical measurements show that the film exhibits a multicolor electrochromic effect. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Liu, P (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RI Lee, Sehee/A-5989-2011; Liu, Ping/I-5615-2012
NR 13
TC 45
Z9 47
U1 2
U2 36
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-2738
J9 SOLID STATE IONICS
JI Solid State Ion.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 165
IS 1-4
BP 223
EP 228
DI 10.1016/j.ssi.2003.08.044
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 754DC
UT WOS:000187286600031
ER
PT J
AU Richardson, TJ
AF Richardson, TJ
TI New electrochromic mirror systems
SO SOLID STATE IONICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 5th International Meeting on Electrochromism (IME-5)
CY AUG 05-09, 2002
CL GOLDEN, COLORADO
DE electrochromism; switchable mirrors; thin films
ID SWITCHABLE OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; KINETIC-PARAMETERS; ELECTRODES; FILMS;
COPPER; LI3SB
AB Variable reflectance coatings (switchable mirrors) have significant advantages over traditional absorbing devices for radiant energy control in a variety of architectural and aerospace applications due to their large dynamic ranges in both transmission and reflection in the visible and near-infrared (NIR) regimes. Although electrochromic and gasochromic metal hydride films have been the primary focus of recent research in this field, other systems merit consideration. Two of these, based on electrochemical conversion of copper to copper oxides and of pnicogens to lithium pnictides are discussed here. Three distinct states are available in the copper system: the highly reflecting metal, the transparent Cu(I) oxide, and the black, highly absorbing Cu(II) oxide. Metallic thin films of elemental antimony and bismuth are reversibly converted to transparent, semiconducting lithium pnictides by cathodic polarization in a nonaqueous lithium electrolyte. Like the metal hydrides, these systems provide substantial modulation of near-infrared transmission and reflection, but have somewhat lower visible reflectance in their mirror states. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Div Bldg Technol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Richardson, TJ (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Div Bldg Technol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
NR 16
TC 31
Z9 32
U1 0
U2 20
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-2738
J9 SOLID STATE IONICS
JI Solid State Ion.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 165
IS 1-4
BP 305
EP 308
DI 10.1016/j.ssi.2003.08.047
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 754DC
UT WOS:000187286600039
ER
PT J
AU Farangis, B
Nachimuthu, P
Richardson, TJ
Slack, JL
Meyer, BK
Perera, RCC
Rubin, MD
AF Farangis, B
Nachimuthu, P
Richardson, TJ
Slack, JL
Meyer, BK
Perera, RCC
Rubin, MD
TI Structural and electronic properties of magnesium-3D transition metal
switchable mirrors
SO SOLID STATE IONICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 5th International Meeting on Electrochromism (IME-5)
CY AUG 05-09, 2002
CL GOLDEN, COLORADO
DE hydrogen storage materials; thin films; EXAFS; NEXAFS; X-ray diffraction
ID OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; FILMS; HYDRIDE; HYDROGEN; MG2NIH4; NICKEL
AB We have observed reversible mirror-to-transparent state switching in a variety of mixed metal thin films containing magnesium and first-row transition elements including Ni, Fe, Co, Mn, and Ti. The very large changes in both reflectance and transmittance on loading these films with hydrogen are accompanied by significant structural and electronic transformations. The valence states and coordination of metal atoms during hydrogen loading were followed using dynamic in situ transmission-mode X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Time-resolved Mg K-edge and Ni, Co, Mn, and Ti L-edge spectra reflect both reversible and irreversible changes in the metal environments. These spectra are compared to those of reference materials and to predictions from calculations. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Div Bldg Technol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Giessen, Inst Phys 1, Giessen, Germany.
Univ Nevada, Dept Chem, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA.
RP Richardson, TJ (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Div Bldg Technol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
NR 12
TC 28
Z9 28
U1 7
U2 13
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-2738
J9 SOLID STATE IONICS
JI Solid State Ion.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 165
IS 1-4
BP 309
EP 314
DI 10.1016/j.ssi.2003.041
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 754DC
UT WOS:000187286600040
ER
PT J
AU Moridis, GJ
AF Moridis, GJ
TI Numerical studies of gas production from methane hydrates
SO SPE JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 2002 SPE Gas Technology Symposium
CY APR 30-MAY 02, 2002
CL CALGARY, CANADA
SP Soc Petr Engineers
ID INTRINSIC RATE; DECOMPOSITION
AB EOSHYDR2 is a new module for the TOUGH2 general-purpose simulator for multicomponent, multiphase fluid and heat flow in the subsurface. By solving the coupled equations of mass and heat balance, EOSHYDR2 can model the nonisothermal gas release, phase behavior, and flow of fluids and heat under conditions typical of common natural hydrate deposits (i.e., in permafrost and in deep ocean sediments) in complex formations, and it can describe binary hydrocarbon systems involving methane.
EOSHYDR2 includes both an equilibrium and a kinetic model of hydrate formation and dissociation. The model accounts for up to four phases (gas phase, liquid phase, ice phase, and hydrate phase) and up to nine components (hydrate, water, native CH4 and CH4 from hydrate dissociation, a second native and dissociated hydrocarbon, salt, water-soluble inhibitors, and a heat pseudocomponent). The mass components are partitioned among the phases. The thermophysical properties of the various mass components can be described at temperatures as low as -110degreesC. Dissociation, phase changes, and the corresponding thermal effects are fully described, as are the effects of salt and inhibitors. The model can describe all possible hydrate dissociation mechanisms (i.e., depressurization, thermal stimulation, salting-out effects, and inhibitor-induced effects).
Results are presented for four test problems of increasing complexity that explore different mechanisms and strategies for production from typical CH4-hydrate accumulations. The results of the tests indicate that CH4 production from CH4-hydrates could be technically feasible and has significant potential. In particular, thermal stimulation is capable of producing substantial amounts of hydrocarbons, and its effectiveness can be enhanced when coupled with depressurization and the use of inhibitors.
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Hydrol & Reservoir Dynam Dept, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Moridis, GJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Hydrol & Reservoir Dynam Dept, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
NR 21
TC 81
Z9 86
U1 3
U2 32
PU SOC PETROLEUM ENG
PI RICHARDSON
PA 222 PALISADES CREEK DR,, RICHARDSON, TX 75080 USA
SN 1086-055X
J9 SPE J
JI SPE J.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 8
IS 4
BP 359
EP 370
DI 10.2118/87330-PA
PG 12
WC Engineering, Petroleum
SC Engineering
GA 760YJ
UT WOS:000187862600005
ER
PT J
AU Barenblatt, GI
Patzek, TW
Silin, DB
AF Barenblatt, GI
Patzek, TW
Silin, DB
TI The mathematical model of nonequilibrium effects in water-oil
displacement
SO SPE JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 2002 SPE/DOE Improved Oil Recovery Symposium
CY APR 13-17, 2002
CL Tulsa, OK
SP Soc Petr Engineers, DOE
ID FRACTURED POROUS-MEDIA; SPONTANEOUS IMBIBITION; CAPILLARY IMBIBITION;
2-PHASE FLOW; WET; RECOVERY; PRESSURE; MATRIX; RESERVOIRS
AB Forced oil-water displacement and spontaneous countercurrent imbibition are the crucial mechanisms of secondary oil recovery. Classical mathematical models of both these unsteady flows are based on the fundamental assumption of local phase equilibrium. Thus, the water and oil flows are assumed to be locally distributed over their flow paths similarly to steady flows. This assumption allows one to further assume that the relative phase permeabilities and the capillary pressure are universal functions of the local water saturation, which can be obtained from steady-state flow experiments. The last assumption leads to a mathematical model consisting of a closed system of equations for fluid flow properties (velocity, pressure) and water saturation. This model is currently used as a basis for numerical predictions of water-oil displacement.
However, at the water front in the water-oil displacement, as well as in capillary imbibition, the characteristic times of both processes are, in general, comparable with the times of redistribution of flow paths between oil and water. Therefore, the nonequilibrium effects should be taken into account. We present here a refined and extended mathematical model for the nonequilibrium two-phase (e.g., water-oil) flows. The basic problem formulation, as well as the more specific equations, are given, and the results of comparison with an experiment are presented and discussed.
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Soviet Acad Sci, Inst Petr, Moscow, Russia.
Soviet Acad Sci, Inst Oceanol, Moscow, Russia.
Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA USA.
Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA USA.
RP Barenblatt, GI (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM patzek@patzek.berkeley.edu; Dsilin@lbl.gov
NR 47
TC 63
Z9 63
U1 1
U2 12
PU SOC PETROLEUM ENG
PI RICHARDSON
PA 222 PALISADES CREEK DR,, RICHARDSON, TX 75080 USA
SN 1086-055X
J9 SPE J
JI SPE J.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 8
IS 4
BP 409
EP 416
DI 10.2118/87329-PA
PG 8
WC Engineering, Petroleum
SC Engineering
GA 760YJ
UT WOS:000187862600010
ER
PT J
AU Guadagnini, A
Guadagnini, L
Tartakovsky, DM
Winter, CL
AF Guadagnini, A
Guadagnini, L
Tartakovsky, DM
Winter, CL
TI Random domain decomposition for flow in heterogeneous stratified
aquifers
SO STOCHASTIC ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND RISK ASSESSMENT
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT ModelCARE 2002 Conference
CY JUN 17-20, 2002
CL PRAGUE, CZECH REPUBLIC
DE random media; stochastic processes; uncertainty; domain decomposition;
layered aquifers; moment equations
ID STEADY-STATE FLOW; LOCALIZED ANALYSES; POROUS-MEDIA
AB We study two-dimensional flow in a layered heterogeneous medium composed of two materials whose hydraulic properties and spatial distribution are known statistically but are otherwise uncertain. Our analysis relies on the composite media theory, which employs random domain decomposition in the context of groundwater flow moment equations to explicitly account for the separate effects of material and geometric uncertainty on ensemble moments of head and flux. Flow parallel and perpendicular to the layering in a two-material composite layered medium is considered. The hydraulic conductivity of each material is log-normally distributed with a much higher mean in one material than in the other. The hydraulic conductivities of points within different materials are uncorrelated. The location of the internal boundary between the two contrasting materials is random and normally distributed with given mean and variance. We solve the equations for (ensemble) moments of hydraulic head and flux and analyze the impact of unknown geometry of materials on statistical moments of head and flux. We compare the composite media approach to approximations that replace statistically inhomogeneous conductivity fields with pseudo-homogeneous random fields.
C1 Politecn Milan, Dipartimento Ingn Idraul Ambientale Infrastruttur, I-20133 Milan, Italy.
Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM USA.
Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Guadagnini, A (reprint author), Politecn Milan, Dipartimento Ingn Idraul Ambientale Infrastruttur, Piazza L Da Vinci 32, I-20133 Milan, Italy.
RI Tartakovsky, Daniel/E-7694-2013; Winter, C. Larrabee/D-3918-2013
NR 8
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 1
U2 10
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG
PI NEW YORK
PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA
SN 1436-3240
J9 STOCH ENV RES RISK A
JI Stoch. Environ. Res. Risk Assess.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 17
IS 6
BP 394
EP 407
DI 10.1007/s00477-003-0157-1
PG 14
WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences;
Statistics & Probability; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Mathematics; Water
Resources
GA 750EY
UT WOS:000186979400005
ER
PT J
AU Lichtner, PC
Tartakovsky, DM
AF Lichtner, PC
Tartakovsky, DM
TI Stochastic analysis of effective rate constant for heterogeneous
reactions
SO STOCHASTIC ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND RISK ASSESSMENT
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT ModelCARE 2002 Conference
CY JUN 17-20, 2002
CL PRAGUE, CZECH REPUBLIC
DE reactive transport; random; probability density function
ID TRANSPORT; AQUIFERS; EQUATIONS; KINETICS; TIME
AB A probability density function (pdf) formulation is applied to a heterogeneous chemical reaction involving an aqueous solution reacting with a solid phase in a batch. This system is described by a stochastic differential equation with multiplicative noise. Both linear and nonlinear kinetic rate laws are considered. An effective rate constant for the mean field approximation describing the change in mean concentration with time is derived. The effective rate constant decreases with increasing time eventually approaching zero as the system approaches equilibrium. This behavior suggests that a possible explanation for the observed discrepancy between laboratory measured rate constants on uniform grain sizes and field measurements may in part be caused by the heterogeneous distribution of grain sizes in natural systems.
C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Tartakovsky, DM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RI Tartakovsky, Daniel/E-7694-2013
NR 18
TC 29
Z9 29
U1 0
U2 6
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG
PI NEW YORK
PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA
SN 1436-3240
J9 STOCH ENV RES RISK A
JI Stoch. Environ. Res. Risk Assess.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 17
IS 6
BP 419
EP 429
DI 10.1007/s00477-003-0163-3
PG 11
WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences;
Statistics & Probability; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Mathematics; Water
Resources
GA 750EY
UT WOS:000186979400007
ER
PT J
AU Walian, P
Jap, BK
AF Walian, P
Jap, BK
TI A new era in membrane channel biology
SO STRUCTURE
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Walian, P (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
NR 0
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU CELL PRESS
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA 1100 MASSACHUSETTS AVE, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 USA
SN 0969-2126
J9 STRUCTURE
JI Structure
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 11
IS 12
BP 1467
EP 1468
DI 10.1016/j.str.2003.11.010
PG 2
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology
GA 752CG
UT WOS:000187128900004
PM 14656430
ER
PT J
AU Sondermann, H
Soisson, SM
Bar-Sagi, D
Kuriyan, J
AF Sondermann, H
Soisson, SM
Bar-Sagi, D
Kuriyan, J
TI Tandem histone folds in the structure of the n-terminal segment of the
Ras activator son of sevenless
SO STRUCTURE
LA English
DT Article
ID GUANINE-NUCLEOTIDE EXCHANGE; PLECKSTRIN HOMOLOGY DOMAINS; RECEPTOR
TYROSINE KINASES; NUCLEOSOME CORE PARTICLE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE;
INTRAMOLECULAR INTERACTIONS; METHANOTHERMUS-FERVIDUS; ANGSTROM
RESOLUTION; NMR STRUCTURE; DNA-BINDING
AB The Ras activator Son of Sevenless (Sos) contains a Cdc25 homology domain, responsible for nucleotide exchange, as well as DbI/Pleckstrin homology (DH/PH) domains. We have determined the crystal structure of the N-terminal segment of human Sos1 (residues 1-191) and show that it contains two tandem histone folds. While the N-terminal domain is monomeric in solution, its structure is surprisingly similar to that of histone dimers, with both subunits of the histone "dimer" being part of the same peptide chain. One histone fold corresponds to the region of Sos that is clearly similar in sequence to histones (residues 91-191), whereas the other is formed by residues in Sos (1-90) that are unrelated in sequence to histones. Residues that form a contiguous patch on the surface of the histone domain of Sos are conserved from C. elegans to humans, suggesting a potential role for this domain in protein-protein interactions.
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Rockefeller Univ, Mol Biophys Lab, New York, NY 10021 USA.
SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Mol Genet & Microbiol, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
RP Kuriyan, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
NR 43
TC 25
Z9 26
U1 0
U2 0
PU CELL PRESS
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA 1100 MASSACHUSETTS AVE, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 USA
SN 0969-2126
J9 STRUCTURE
JI Structure
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 11
IS 12
BP 1583
EP 1593
DI 10.1016/j.str.2003.10.015
PG 11
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology
GA 752CG
UT WOS:000187128900016
PM 14656442
ER
PT J
AU Green, MA
AF Green, MA
TI The integration of liquid cryogen cooling and cryocoolers with
superconducting electronic systems
SO SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT International Superconducting Electronics Conference (ISEC 2003)
CY JUL 07-11, 2003
CL SYDNEY, AUSTRALIA
AB The need for cryogenic cooling has been a critical issue that has kept superconducting electronic devices from reaching the market place. Even though the performance of many of the superconducting circuits is superior to silicon electronics, the requirement for cryogenic cooling has put the superconducting devices at a serious disadvantage. This paper discusses the process of refrigerating superconducting devices with cryogenic liquids and small cryocoolers. Three types of cryocoolers are compared for vibration, efficiency and reliability. The connection of a cryocooler to the load is discussed. A comparison of using flexible copper straps to carry the heat load and using heat pipe is shown. The type of instrumentation needed for monitoring and controlling the cooling is discussed.
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Green, MA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
NR 9
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 2
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0953-2048
J9 SUPERCOND SCI TECH
JI Supercond. Sci. Technol.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 16
IS 12
BP 1349
EP 1355
AR PII S0953-2048(03)66357-8
DI 10.1088/0953-2048/16/12/006
PG 7
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 760DN
UT WOS:000187796500006
ER
PT J
AU Ajayi, OO
Kovalchenko, A
Hersberger, JG
Erdemir, A
Fenske, GR
AF Ajayi, OO
Kovalchenko, A
Hersberger, JG
Erdemir, A
Fenske, GR
TI Surface damage and wear mechanisms of amorphous carbon coatings under
boundary lubrication conditions
SO SURFACE ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
ID SUPERLOW-FRICTION; FILMS
AB A class of amorphous carbon coatings with excellent tribological properties under dry conditions was recently developed at Argonne National Laboratory. In the present study, the performance of three variations of such coatings under the boundary lubrication regime was evaluated, with particular focus on the coating surface damage and mechanical aspect of the wear mechanisms of the coated surfaces. The evaluation employed ball on flat contact geometry in reciprocating sliding motion and three different lubricants. Compared with the uncoated steel surface, the three variations of the coatings evaluated significantly reduced the amount of wear. The surface damage in the coatings consisted primarily of localised crack formation at the local asperity points of contact typical of boundary lubrication regime. The cracks propagated over time, resulting in eventual removal of coating material.
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Energy Technol Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Ajayi, OO (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Energy Technol Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM ajayi@anl.gov
NR 12
TC 1
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 2
PU MANEY PUBLISHING
PI LEEDS
PA HUDSON RD, LEEDS LS9 7DL, ENGLAND
SN 0267-0844
J9 SURF ENG
JI Surf. Eng.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 19
IS 6
BP 447
EP 453
DI 10.1179/026708403225010181
PG 7
WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films
SC Materials Science
GA 803EM
UT WOS:000220214400009
ER
PT J
AU Braun, A
AF Braun, A
TI Conversion of thickness data of thin films with variable lattice
parameter from monolayers to angstroms: An application of the epitaxial
Bain path
SO SURFACE REVIEW AND LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE film thickness; variable lattice parameter; Bain path
ID ANISOTROPY; STRAIN
AB A procedure for the conversion of film thicknesses from monolayers to angstroms is presented. It is applicable to thickness data experimentally obtained from strained epitaxial films and based on the concept of the epitaxial Bain path. In particular, the in-plane lattice spacing of the film, such as that obtained with LEED on wedge-shaped samples, is used to determine the perpendicular lattice spacing, which serves for the conversion into angstroms. Omission of the implications of the Bain path concept would yield erroneous results. This conversion was successfully applied to compare experimental data, (given in monolayers), with data found in the literature (given in angstroms).
C1 Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Braun, A (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Consortium Fossil Fuel Sci, Suite 107 Sam Whalen Bldg,533 S Limestone St, Lexington, KY 40506 USA.
EM abraun@lbl.gov
RI BRAUN, Artur/A-1154-2009
OI BRAUN, Artur/0000-0002-6992-7774
NR 11
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD
PI SINGAPORE
PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 912805, SINGAPORE
SN 0218-625X
J9 SURF REV LETT
JI Surf. Rev. Lett.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 10
IS 6
BP 889
EP 894
DI 10.1142/S0218625X03005761
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 804QB
UT WOS:000220312100008
ER
PT J
AU Xu, SH
Wu, HS
Tong, SY
Keeffe, M
Lapeyre, GJ
Rotenberg, E
AF Xu, SH
Wu, HS
Tong, SY
Keeffe, M
Lapeyre, GJ
Rotenberg, E
TI Study of the C2H4/Si(100)-(2x1) interface by derivative photoelectron
holography
SO SURFACE REVIEW AND LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE photoelectron holography; surface structure
ID ENERGY-ELECTRON-DIFFRACTION; ATOMIC IMAGES; ETHYLENE; PHOTOEMISSION;
SI(100); SURFACE; STATES; C2H4
AB The k derivative spectra (KDS) transform is used for construction of the three-dimensional atomic structure of the C2H4/Si(100)-(2 x 1) system from photoelectron diffraction data. The image function obtained by the KDS transform clearly observes the second-layer Si atoms and the C emitters apart from the first-layer Si atoms. The observations of the second-layer Si atoms and the C emitters make it easy to measure the C-C bond length correctly. Then a conclusive adsorption model - the di-sigma model - for the C2H4/Si(100)-(2 x 1) system is established. In comparison with the KDS transform, the normal small-cone transform hardly measures the C-C bond length. The ability to observe more scatterers of a photoelectron emitter by the KDS transform expands the applicability of holographic imaging.
C1 Univ Hong Kong, Dept Phys, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
City Univ Hong Kong, Dept Phys & Mat Sci, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
Montana State Univ, Dept Phys, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
LBNL, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Wu, HS (reprint author), Univ Hong Kong, Dept Phys, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
EM hswu@hkusub.hku.hk
RI Wu, Hua Sheng/D-3145-2009; Rotenberg, Eli/B-3700-2009
OI Rotenberg, Eli/0000-0002-3979-8844
NR 20
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD
PI SINGAPORE
PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 912805, SINGAPORE
SN 0218-625X
J9 SURF REV LETT
JI Surf. Rev. Lett.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 10
IS 6
BP 925
EP 932
DI 10.1142/S0218625X03005670
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 804QB
UT WOS:000220312100013
ER
PT J
AU Li, MZ
Evans, JW
AF Li, MZ
Evans, JW
TI Geometry-based simulation (GBS) algorithms for island nucleation and
growth during sub-monolayer deposition
SO SURFACE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE epitaxy; models of non-equilibrium phenomena; nucleation; surface
diffusion
ID EPITAXIAL-GROWTH; SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS; ADATOM CAPTURE; AGGREGATION;
DYNAMICS; MOBILITY; SURFACE; DENSITY; MODEL
AB Versatile geometry-based simulation (GBS) algorithms are developed to describe the formation of two-dimensional islands during sub-monolayer film growth. These GBS algorithms avoid an explicit treatment of the diffusion of deposited atoms across terraces, the process which mediates both island nucleation and growth. Treatment of terrace diffusion is a computationally expensive component of either conventional atomistic kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC) simulations, or of coarse-grained continuum formulations of island edge evolution. Our GBS approach characterizes island growth in terms of simply constructed "capture zones" surrounding each island, an old concept which was recently refined and made quantitatively precise. However, in addition, GBS implements simple but realistic geometric rules to incorporate crucial spatial aspects of the island nucleation process, specifically nucleation nearby capture zone boundaries. By detailed comparison of predictions of results from GBS with conventional atomistic KMC simulations, we show that this approach correctly predicts island size distributions as well as subtle spatial correlations in island locations. Perhaps, just as importantly, refinement of the prescription of island nucleation is readily achieved in GBS, thus elucidating the effects of this prescription on the resulting island distribution. Finally, we emphasize that GBS is particularly effective for highly reversible island formation where atomistic KMC simulation becomes inefficient. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Iowa State Univ, Inst Phys Res & Technol, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
Iowa State Univ, US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
Iowa State Univ, Dept Math, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
RP Li, MZ (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Inst Phys Res & Technol, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
EM maozhi@scl.ameslab.gov
NR 34
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0039-6028
EI 1879-2758
J9 SURF SCI
JI Surf. Sci.
PD DEC 1
PY 2003
VL 546
IS 2-3
BP 127
EP 148
DI 10.1016/j.susc.2003.09.028
PG 22
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 746GQ
UT WOS:000186739000015
ER
PT J
AU Yoo, K
Li, AP
Zhang, ZY
Weitering, HH
Flack, F
Lagally, MG
Wendelken, JF
AF Yoo, K
Li, AP
Zhang, ZY
Weitering, HH
Flack, F
Lagally, MG
Wendelken, JF
TI Fabrication of Ge nanoclusters on Si with a buffer layer-assisted growth
method
SO SURFACE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE scanning tunneling microscopy; evaporation and sublimation; growth;
germanium; silicon; clusters
ID ISLAND FORMATION; HUT CLUSTERS; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; SI(001); CONFINEMENT;
INTERFACES; DOTS
AB Size selectable Ge nanoclusters are formed on Si using a buffer layer-assisted growth method. A condensed inert gas layer of xenon, with low surface free energy, was used as a buffer to prevent direct interactions of deposited Ge atoms with Si substrates during Ge nanocluster growth. The scanning tunneling microscope studies indicate absence of a strained wetting layer between Ge nanoclusters. These nanoclusters are substantially smaller and denser than the Ge hut clusters that are formed with the normal Stranski-Krastanov growth mode. The morphology of the nanoclusters can be tuned over a wide range, which is very desirable for studying the three-dimensional confinement effect. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
RP Li, AP (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed matter Sci Div, POB 2008,Bldg 3137, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RI Li, An-Ping/B-3191-2012
OI Li, An-Ping/0000-0003-4400-7493
NR 17
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0039-6028
J9 SURF SCI
JI Surf. Sci.
PD DEC 1
PY 2003
VL 546
IS 2-3
BP L803
EP L807
DI 10.1016/j.susc.2003.09.029
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 746GQ
UT WOS:000186739000003
ER
PT J
AU Brodie, JD
Figueroa, E
Dewey, SL
AF Brodie, JD
Figueroa, E
Dewey, SL
TI Treating cocaine addiction: From preclinical to clinical trial
experience with gamma-vinyl GABA
SO SYNAPSE
LA English
DT Article
DE cocaine addiction; gamma vinyl-GABA; GVG; vigabatrin; clinical trial
ID NUCLEUS-ACCUMBENS DOPAMINE; VISUAL-FIELD CONSTRICTION; INDUCED
INCREASES; IRREVERSIBLE INHIBITOR; TRANSAMINASE INHIBITOR; VIGABATRIN;
RATS; CONSUMPTION; EXPRESSION; ACID
C1 NYU, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY 10016 USA.
Clin Integral Tratamiento Contra Adicc, Mexicali 21120, Baja California, Mexico.
Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Brodie, JD (reprint author), NYU, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY 10016 USA.
OI Brodie, Jonathan/0000-0002-2254-8654
FU NIDA NIH HHS [DA15041]
NR 37
TC 73
Z9 76
U1 2
U2 4
PU WILEY-LISS
PI NEW YORK
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA
SN 0887-4476
J9 SYNAPSE
JI Synapse
PD DEC 1
PY 2003
VL 50
IS 3
BP 261
EP 265
DI 10.1002/syn.10278
PG 5
WC Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 734XH
UT WOS:000186082900011
PM 14515344
ER
PT J
AU Song, JM
Jagannathan, R
Stokes, DL
Kasili, PM
Panjehpour, M
Phan, MN
Overholt, BF
DeNovo, RC
Pan, XG
Lee, RJ
Vo-Dinh, T
AF Song, JM
Jagannathan, R
Stokes, DL
Kasili, PM
Panjehpour, M
Phan, MN
Overholt, BF
DeNovo, RC
Pan, XG
Lee, RJ
Vo-Dinh, T
TI Development of a fluorescence detection system using optical parametric
oscillator (OPO) laser excitation for in vivo diagnosis
SO TECHNOLOGY IN CANCER RESEARCH & TREATMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE OPO laser; time-resolved detection; in vivo diagnosis; fluorescence
multi spectral analyses; cancer diagnostics; porphyrins;
5-aminolevulinic acid
ID PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY; CANCER-DIAGNOSIS; LUNG-CANCER; SPECTROSCOPY;
PORPHYRINS; DYSPLASIA; CARCINOMA; ESOPHAGUS
AB In this work, the development and applications of a fluorescence detection system using optical parametric oscillator (OPO) laser excitation for in vivo disease diagnosis including oral carcinoma are described. The optical diagnosis system was based on an OPO laser for multi-wavelength excitation and time-resolved detection. The pulsed Nd-YAG-pumped OPO laser system (6 ns, 20 Hz) is compact and has a rapid, broad, and uniform tuning range. Time-gated detection of intensified charge-coupled device (ICCD) making use of external triggering was used to effectively eliminate the laser scattering and contribute to the highly sensitive in vivo measurements. Artificial tissue-simulating phantoms consisting of polystyrene microspheres and tissue fluorophores were tested to optimize the gating parameters. 51-ns gate width and 39-ns gate delays were determined to be the optimal parameters for sensitive detection. In vivo measurements with the optical diagnosis system were applied to esophagus, stomach, and small intestine using an endoscope in canine animal studies. The rapid tuning capability of the optical diagnosis system contributed greatly to the optimization of wavelength for the observation of porphyrin in the small intestine. When the small intestine was thoroughly washed with water, the emission band which corresponds to porphyrin disappeared. Based on this observation, it was concluded that the detected signal was yielded by porphyrin-containing bile secretion. Also, multispectral analyses using multiple excitations from 415 to 480 nm at 5 nm intervals confirmed the porphyrin detection in the small intestine. The optical diagnosis system was also applied to the detection of human xenograft of oral carcinoma in mice using 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) which is a photodynamic therapy (PDT) drug. Significant differences in protoporphyrin IX fluorescence intensity between normal and tumor tissue could be obtained 2 hours after the injection of 5-ALA into mice due to the preferential accumulation of 5-ALA in tumors. Results reported herein demonstrate potential capabilities of the LIF-OPO system for in vivo disease diagnosis.
C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
Thompson Canc Survival Ctr, Knoxville, TN 37916 USA.
Univ Tennessee, Small Anim Clin, Coll Vet, Knoxville, TN 37916 USA.
Ohio State Univ, Div Pharmaceut, Coll Pharm, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
RP Vo-Dinh, T (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008,Bethel Valley Rd,MS-6101, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM vodinht@ornl.gov
FU NCI NIH HHS [R01 CA88787-01]
NR 22
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 4
PU ADENINE PRESS
PI SCHENECTADY
PA 2066 CENTRAL AVE, SCHENECTADY, NY 12304 USA
SN 1533-0346
J9 TECHNOL CANCER RES T
JI Technol. Cancer Res. Treat.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 2
IS 6
BP 515
EP 523
PG 9
WC Oncology
SC Oncology
GA 759VQ
UT WOS:000187757900004
PM 14640763
ER
PT J
AU Newton, MD
AF Newton, MD
TI Electronic coupling in electron transfer and the influence of nuclear
modes: theoretical and computational probes
SO THEORETICAL CHEMISTRY ACCOUNTS
LA English
DT Article
DE electron transfer; electronic coupling matrix element; condon
approximation; reaction coordinate; reorganization energy
ID TRANSITION-METAL-COMPLEXES; GENERALIZED MULLIKEN-HUSH; DONOR-ACCEPTOR
MOLECULES; CHARGE-TRANSFER; MATRIX-ELEMENTS; NONEQUILIBRIUM SOLVATION;
REORGANIZATION ENERGY; TRANSFER KINETICS; AB-INITIO;
BIS(PENTAAMMINERUTHENIUM) COMPLEXES
AB Long-range electronic coupling of local donor and acceptor sites is formulated in the context of thermal and optical electron transfer and then illustrated with examples based on electronic structure calculations. The relationship of the calculated results to available experimental kinetic and optical data is discussed in detail. The influence of nuclear modes on the magnitude of the coupling (i.e., departures from the Condon approximation) is investigated in terms of both discrete molecular modes and solvent modes, and a general expression is presented for the modulation of the superexchange tunneling gap by motion along the electron transfer reaction coordinate.
C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Newton, MD (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
NR 97
TC 42
Z9 43
U1 1
U2 12
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG
PI NEW YORK
PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA
SN 1432-881X
J9 THEOR CHEM ACC
JI Theor. Chem. Acc.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 110
IS 5
BP 307
EP 321
DI 10.1007/s00214-003-0504-9
PG 15
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA 746YQ
UT WOS:000186776900002
ER
PT J
AU Shen, J
Schmetz, E
Kawalkin, GJ
Stiegel, GJ
Noceti, RP
Winslow, JC
Kornosky, RM
Krastman, D
Venkataraman, VK
Driscoll, DJ
Cicero, DC
Haslebacher, WF
Hsieh, BCB
Jain, SC
Tennant, JB
AF Shen, J
Schmetz, E
Kawalkin, GJ
Stiegel, GJ
Noceti, RP
Winslow, JC
Kornosky, RM
Krastman, D
Venkataraman, VK
Driscoll, DJ
Cicero, DC
Haslebacher, WF
Hsieh, BCB
Jain, SC
Tennant, JB
TI Commercial deployment of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis: the coproduction
option
SO TOPICS IN CATALYSIS
LA English
DT Article
DE slurry-phase reactor; Fischer-Tropsch synthesis; coproduction; reactor
modeling; early entrance plant
ID CATALYSTS; REACTORS; DESIGN; GAS
AB The US Department of Energy ( DOE) has been supporting a program to develop a slurry-phase reactor to be incorporated into an integrated gasification and combined cycle ( IGCC) complex to coproduce electricity, fuels, and chemicals. This paper will review the highlights of the research, development, and demonstration activities performed under the program, with emphasis on activities related to the Fischer - Tropsch synthesis and reactor modeling. It will also highlight the results from a DOE/Texaco cosupported study to evaluate the feasibility of an early entrance coproduction plant to demonstrate the integrated operation of a coproduction complex at a commercially scalable unit.
C1 US DOE, Germantown, MD 20874 USA.
US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA.
US DOE, NETL, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA.
RP Shen, J (reprint author), US DOE, Germantown, MD 20874 USA.
NR 14
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 7
PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1022-5528
J9 TOP CATAL
JI Top. Catal.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 26
IS 1-4
BP 13
EP 20
DI 10.1023/B:TOCA.0000012983.86034.d1
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA 766DL
UT WOS:000188330100003
ER
PT J
AU Somorjai, GA
Hwang, KS
Parker, JS
AF Somorjai, GA
Hwang, KS
Parker, JS
TI Restructuring of hydrogenation metal catalysts under the influence of CO
and H-2
SO TOPICS IN CATALYSIS
LA English
DT Article
DE carbon monoxide; hydrogenation; platinum; rhodium
ID SUM-FREQUENCY GENERATION; SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; SINGLE-CRYSTAL
SURFACES; INFRARED REFLECTION-ABSORPTION; STEPPED PLATINUM SURFACE;
HIGH-PRESSURE; CARBON-MONOXIDE; VIBRATIONAL-SPECTRA; PALLADIUM MEMBRANE;
ULTRAHIGH-VACUUM
AB CO and H-2 structure and reactivity on single-crystal transition metal surfaces ( platinum, rhodium, and palladium) were examined by surface-sensitive techniques including scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and sum frequency generation (SFG) in high-pressure surface science studies. The studies indicated that ordered CO structures not observed in ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) can form at high pressure (10(-6) - 10(3) torr). In addition, CO and H-2 induce metal atom mobility and restructure the surface. On platinum, CO dissociates at high temperature (greater than or equal to 500 K), and a platinum carbonyl precursor is implicated. Concerning catalytic reactions, structure sensitive CO dissociation plays an important role in the ignition of CO oxidation, whereas CO poisons olefin hydrogenation, which becomes CO desorption limited. Lastly, solid-state hydrogen atoms are more active for hydrogenation than surface hydrogen atoms. These results suggest that spatially and temporally resolved techniques would permit molecular studies of reaction intermediates of CO and H-2 in the future.
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Somorjai, GA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
NR 45
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 3
U2 22
PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1022-5528
J9 TOP CATAL
JI Top. Catal.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 26
IS 1-4
BP 87
EP 99
DI 10.1023/B:TOCA.0000012989.45993.6d
PG 13
WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA 766DL
UT WOS:000188330100009
ER
PT J
AU Kim, CA
Bowie, JU
AF Kim, CA
Bowie, JU
TI SAM domains: uniform structure, diversity of function
SO TRENDS IN BIOCHEMICAL SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID TRANSMEMBRANE PROTEIN; KINASE; DROSOPHILA; ASSOCIATION; FAMILY; SMAUG;
MAE; SCM; TEL
AB Sterile alpha motif (SAM) domains are known to exhibit diverse protein-protein interaction modes. They can form multiple self-association architectures and also bind to various non-SAM domain-containing proteins. Surprising new work adds a completely unanticipated function for some SAM domains - the ability to bind RNA. Such functional diversity within a homologous protein family presents a significant challenge for bioinformatic function assignment.
C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Chem & Biochem, DOE, Ctr Genomics & Prote,Mol Biol Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
RP Bowie, JU (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Chem & Biochem, DOE, Ctr Genomics & Prote,Mol Biol Inst, Boyer Hall,611 Charles E Young Dr E, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
FU NCI NIH HHS [R01 CA081000]
NR 26
TC 139
Z9 143
U1 0
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON
PI LONDON
PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND
SN 0968-0004
J9 TRENDS BIOCHEM SCI
JI Trends Biochem.Sci.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 28
IS 12
BP 625
EP 628
DI 10.1016/j.tibs.2003.11.001
PG 4
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 755XW
UT WOS:000187437600001
PM 14659692
ER
PT J
AU Fast, JD
AF Fast, JD
TI Forecasts of valley circulations using the terrain-following and
step-mountain vertical coordinates in the Meso-Eta Model
SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING
LA English
DT Article
ID ENVIRONMENTAL-PREDICTION; NATIONAL-CENTERS; SYSTEM; VERIFICATION;
SIMULATION; OROGRAPHY; EXAMPLES; CAMPAIGN; IMPACT; RAMS
AB The nonhydrostatic version of the NCEP Meso-Eta Model is used to perform simulations that differ by only the vertical coordinate to determine the differences in forecasted valley circulations associated with the step-mountain and terrain-following vertical coordinates and whether one coordinate produces consistently superior forecasts at meso-gamma and micro-alpha scales. A horizontal grid spacing of 850 m is used. The model forecasts are evaluated using data from the October 2000 Vertical Transport and Mixing ( VTMX) field campaign in the Salt Lake valley. The forecasts of the diurnal evolution of the dominant circulations in the Salt Lake valley, including valley, slope, and canyon flows, and their modification by synoptic forcing during five intensive observation periods, were qualitatively similar to the measurements. Forecasts produced by the step-mountain and terrain-following vertical coordinates each have their own advantages and disadvantages and neither vertical coordinate outperformed the other overall. In general, the terrain-following coordinate simulations reproduced the observed surface wind directions over the valley sidewalls better, while the step-mountain coordinate simulations of nighttime near-surface temperatures and wind speeds were closer to the observations. Significant differences in wind speed and direction between the simulations were also produced in the middle valley atmosphere at night, with the terrain-following coordinate simulations somewhat better than the step-mountain coordinate simulations. Similar forecast errors produced by both simulations probably resulted from the physical parameterizations, rather than the choice of vertical coordinate.
C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Fast, JD (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999,K9-30, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
NR 26
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0882-8156
J9 WEATHER FORECAST
JI Weather Forecast.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 18
IS 6
BP 1192
EP 1206
DI 10.1175/1520-0434(2003)018<1192:FOVCUT>2.0.CO;2
PG 15
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 753UZ
UT WOS:000187250100011
ER
PT J
AU Dave, VR
Cowles, JH
Lindland, DS
Shubert, GC
Lin, W
Hartman, DA
AF Dave, VR
Cowles, JH
Lindland, DS
Shubert, GC
Lin, W
Hartman, DA
TI The financial impact of weld process modeling
SO WELDING JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Nucl Mat & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
Ingenuim Technol Grp, Somers, CT USA.
Pratt & Whitney, E Hartford, CT USA.
Edison Welding Inst, Columbus, OH 43212 USA.
RP Dave, VR (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Nucl Mat & Technol Div, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER WELDING SOC
PI MIAMI
PA 550 N W LEJEUNE RD, MIAMI, FL 33126 USA
SN 0043-2296
J9 WELD J
JI Weld. J.
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 82
IS 12
BP 24
EP 27
PG 4
WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 748UK
UT WOS:000186879300003
ER
PT J
AU Roe, JH
Kingsbury, BA
Herbert, NR
AF Roe, JH
Kingsbury, BA
Herbert, NR
TI Wetland and upland use patterns in semi-aquatic snakes: Implications for
wetland conservation
SO WETLANDS
LA English
DT Article
DE copperbelly water snake; dispersal; GIS; migration; movement; nerodia
erythrogaster neglecta; nerodia sipedon sipedon; northern water snake;
palustrine; radiotelemetry; small wetlands; wetland; wetland
conservation
ID TERRESTRIAL BUFFER ZONES; HABITAT USE; TURTLE POPULATIONS; MOVEMENT
PATTERNS; NERODIA-SIPEDON; AQUATIC TURTLES; WATER SNAKE; LANDSCAPE;
ECOLOGY; HYDROPERIOD
AB Conservation efforts require detailed knowledge of a species' habitat use and movements about the landscape. We radio-tracked sympatric congeners,,the Copperbelly Water Snake (Nerodia erythrogaster neglecta) and the Northern Water Snake (Nerodia sipedon sipedon) in northwestern Ohio and southern Michigan, USA, to investigate differences in the use of wetland and upland habitats between species. Nerodia erythrogaster neglecta used twice as many wetlands (4.1 +/- 0.4) as N. s. sipedon (2.1 +/- 0.3), moved between these wetlands three times more often (9.1 +/- 1.9 times) than N. s. sipedon (2.8 +/- 1.0 times), and moved to small wetlands seven times more often (3.6 +/- 0.7 times) than N. s. sipedon (0.5 +/- 0.3 times). Nearly 30% of N. e. neglecta locations were in uplands, sometimes over 100 m from the nearest wetland. Less than 3% of N. s. sipedon locations were in upland habitats, and all locations were < 30 m from wetlands. We simulated the impact of small wetland loss and demonstrated that N. e. neglecta would need to move longer than normal distances when traveling between wetlands after small wetlands are lost, while N. s. sipedon would not. The northernmost populations of N. e. neglecta are listed as federally threatened and state endangered in Ohio, Michigan, and Indiana; N. s. sipedon remains abundant in this region. Historic and current wetland losses in the midwestern United States may have severely impacted N. e. neglecta populations due to this species' high vagility and use of numerous wetlands. Protection and restoration of wetland landscapes are critical for the long-term persistence of many wetland-associated species, including N. e. neglecta.
C1 Indiana Univ, Ft Wayne, IN 46805 USA.
RP Roe, JH (reprint author), Savannah River Ecol Lab, PO Drawer E, Aiken, SC 29802 USA.
EM roe@srel.edu
NR 51
TC 40
Z9 44
U1 1
U2 20
PU SOC WETLAND SCIENTISTS
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 E TENTH ST, P O BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA
SN 0277-5212
J9 WETLANDS
JI Wetlands
PD DEC
PY 2003
VL 23
IS 4
BP 1003
EP 1014
DI 10.1672/0277-5212(2003)023[1003:WAUUPI]2.0.CO;2
PG 12
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 766BU
UT WOS:000188326200028
ER
PT J
AU Klein, M
AF Klein, M
TI On supersymmetry breaking in intersecting brane models
SO MODERN PHYSICS LETTERS A
LA English
DT Article
DE supersymmetry breaking; d-brane models
AB We discuss a framework to analyze the transmission of supersymmetry breaking in models of intersecting D-branes. Generically, different intersections preserve different fractions of an extended bulk supersymmetry, thus breaking supersymmetry completely but in a nonlocal way. We analyze this mechanism in a 5D toy model where two brane intersections, which are separated in the fifth dimension, break different halves of an extended N = 2 supersymmetry. The sector of the theory on one brane intersection feels the breakdown of the residual N = 1 supersymmetry only through two-loop interactions involving a coupling to fields from the other intersection. We compute the diagrams that contribute to scalar masses on one intersection and find that the masses are proportional to the compactification scale up to logarithmic corrections. We also compute the three-loop diagrams relevant to the Casimir energy between the two intersections and find a repulsive Casimir force.
C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA.
RP Klein, M (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA.
EM mklein@slac.stanford.edu
NR 19
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD
PI SINGAPORE
PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE
SN 0217-7323
EI 1793-6632
J9 MOD PHYS LETT A
JI Mod. Phys. Lett. A
PD NOV 30
PY 2003
VL 18
IS 36
BP 2545
EP 2554
DI 10.1142/S0217732303012258
PG 10
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields; Physics, Mathematical
SC Physics
GA 748HJ
UT WOS:000186856200002
ER
PT J
AU Manaa, MR
AF Manaa, MR
TI C48N12 and C48B12 as a donor-acceptor pair for molecular electronics
SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID DENSITY
AB B3LYP/6-31G* calculations show that the most stable structures of C48B12 and C48N12 can still be considered as acceptor and donor, respectively. The rectifier property, however, whose typical characteristic is the energy difference between acceptor, lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) and the donor, highest unoccupied molecular orbital (HOMO) level is calculated to be 0.82 eV, several order of magnitude larger than the 0.14 eV value calculated recently for less stable isomers at the same level of theory. This requires the application of a much larger voltage bias for the C48B12 and C48N12 pair to be considered as valid components in molecular electronics. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Energet Mat Ctr, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RP Manaa, MR (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Energet Mat Ctr, POB 808,7000 East Ave,L-282, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
EM manaa1@llnl.gov
NR 13
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0009-2614
J9 CHEM PHYS LETT
JI Chem. Phys. Lett.
PD NOV 28
PY 2003
VL 382
IS 1-2
BP 194
EP 197
DI 10.1016/j.cplett.2003.10.074
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 748HC
UT WOS:000186855600028
ER
PT J
AU Jarman, KH
Daly, DS
Anderson, KK
Wahl, KL
AF Jarman, KH
Daly, DS
Anderson, KK
Wahl, KL
TI A new approach to automated peak detection
SO CHEMOMETRICS AND INTELLIGENT LABORATORY SYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
DE peak detection; peak identification; matrix-assisted laser
desorption/ionization mass spectrometry; MALDI mass spectrometry
ID CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY; RECOGNITION; SPECTRA
AB Spectral peak detection algorithms are often difficult to automate because they either rely on somewhat arbitrary rules, or are tuned to specific spectral peak properties. One popular approach detects peaks where signal intensities exceed some threshold. This threshold is typically set arbitrarily above the noise level or manually by the user. Intensity threshold-based methods can be sensitive to baseline variations and signal intensity. Another popular peak detection approach relies on matching the spectral intensities to a reference peak shape. This approach can be very sensitive to baseline changes and deviations from the reference peak shape. Such methods can be significantly challenged by modem analytical instrumentation where the baseline tends to drift, peaks of interest may have a low signal to noise (S/N) ratio, and no well-defined reference peak shape is available.
We present a new approach for spectral peak detection that is designed to be generic and easily automated. Employing a histogram-based model for spectral intensity, peaks are detected by comparing the estimated variance of observations (the x-axis of the spectrum) to the expected variance when no peak is present inside some window of interest. We compare an implementation of this approach to two existing peak detection algorithms using a series of simulated spectra. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Jarman, KH (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999,MS K5-12, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
OI Anderson, Kevin/0000-0001-5613-5893
NR 13
TC 45
Z9 46
U1 1
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0169-7439
J9 CHEMOMETR INTELL LAB
JI Chemometrics Intell. Lab. Syst.
PD NOV 28
PY 2003
VL 69
IS 1-2
BP 61
EP 76
DI 10.1016/S0169-7439(03)00113-8
PG 16
WC Automation & Control Systems; Chemistry, Analytical; Computer Science,
Artificial Intelligence; Instruments & Instrumentation; Mathematics,
Interdisciplinary Applications; Statistics & Probability
SC Automation & Control Systems; Chemistry; Computer Science; Instruments &
Instrumentation; Mathematics
GA 742RZ
UT WOS:000186533000006
ER
PT J
AU Harris, DJ
Assink, RA
Gillen, KT
AF Harris, DJ
Assink, RA
Gillen, KT
TI H-1 T-2-NMR monitoring of crosslinked polyolefin aging
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE NMR; polyethylene (PE); polyolefins; degradation; irradiation
ID H-1-NMR-SPIN-SPIN RELAXATION; TRANSVERSAL H-1-NMR; MC-DETERMINATION;
NMR; POLY(DIMETHYLSILOXANE); ELASTOMERS; DENSITY; SPECTROSCOPY; DYNAMICS
AB This work examines the correlation between the H-1-NMR T-2 relaxation constant and the mechanical properties of aged crosslinked polyolefin cable insulation. T-2 experiments on unswollen samples could not differentiate between unaged and highly aged materials; all exhibited H-1 T-2 constants of approximately 0.5 ms. To accentuate the effects of aging, samples were swollen in various solvents. Unaged samples had T-2 values of approximately 15 ms in good solvents. With thermal aging, T-2 values decreased as the ultimate tensile elongation decreased. However, the correlation between T-2 and elongation differed for samples irradiated with high-energy radiation and for materials aged above versus below the crystalline melting temperature. (C) 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Organ Mat Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Harris, DJ (reprint author), FM Res, 1151 Boston Providence Turnpike, Norwood, MA 02062 USA.
NR 15
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 7
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 0021-8995
J9 J APPL POLYM SCI
JI J. Appl. Polym. Sci.
PD NOV 28
PY 2003
VL 90
IS 9
BP 2578
EP 2582
DI 10.1002/app.12872
PG 5
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA 728JX
UT WOS:000185715000036
ER
PT J
AU Fateev, VA
Onofri, E
AF Fateev, VA
Onofri, E
TI An eigenvalue problem related to the non-linear sigma-model: analytical
and numerical results
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A-MATHEMATICAL AND GENERAL
LA English
DT Article
ID INTEGRABLE DEFORMATIONS; 2 DIMENSIONS; STRINGS; FIELDS
AB An eigenvalue problem relevant for the non-linear sigma model with singular metric is considered. We prove the existence of a non-degenerate pure point spectrum for all finite values of the size R of the system. In the infrared (IR) regime (large R) the eigenvalues admit a power series expansion around the IR critical point R --> infinity. We compute high order coefficients and prove that the series converges for all finite values of R. In the ultraviolet (UV) limit the spectrum condenses into a continuum spectrum with a set of residual bound states. The spectrum agrees nicely with the central charge computed by the thermodynamic Bethe ansatz method.
C1 Univ Montpellier 2, Phys Math Lab, F-34095 Montpellier, France.
Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
Univ Parma, Dipartimento Fis, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Grp Coll Parma, I-43100 Parma, Italy.
RP Fateev, VA (reprint author), Univ Montpellier 2, Phys Math Lab, Pl E Bataillon, F-34095 Montpellier, France.
EM fateev@lpm.univ-montp2.fr; onofri@unipr.it
RI Fateev, Vladimir/E-1855-2012
NR 30
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0305-4470
J9 J PHYS A-MATH GEN
JI J. Phys. A-Math. Gen.
PD NOV 28
PY 2003
VL 36
IS 47
BP 11881
EP 11899
AR PII S0305-4470(03)66032-4
DI 10.1088/0305-4470/36/47/014
PG 19
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical
SC Physics
GA 764ET
UT WOS:000188194800016
ER
PT J
AU Aubert, B
Barate, R
Boutigny, D
Gaillard, JM
Hicheur, A
Karyotakis, Y
Lees, JP
Robbe, P
Tisserand, V
Zghiche, A
Palano, A
Pompili, A
Chen, JC
Qi, ND
Rong, G
Wang, P
Zhu, YS
Eigen, G
Ofte, I
Stugu, B
Abrams, GS
Borgland, AW
Breon, AB
Brown, DN
Button-Shafer, J
Cahn, RN
Charles, E
Day, CT
Gill, MS
Gritsan, AV
Groysman, Y
Jacobsen, RG
Kadel, RW
Kadyk, J
Kerth, LT
Kolomensky, YG
Kral, JF
Kukartsev, G
LeClerc, C
Levi, ME
Lynch, G
Mir, LM
Oddone, PJ
Orimoto, TJ
Pripstein, M
Roe, NA
Romosan, A
Ronan, MT
Shelkov, VG
Telnov, AV
Wenzel, WA
Ford, K
Harrison, TJ
Hawkes, CM
Knowles, DJ
Morgan, SE
Penny, RC
Watson, AT
Watson, NK
Goetzen, K
Held, T
Koch, H
Lewandowski, B
Pelizaeus, M
Peters, K
Schmuecker, H
Steinke, M
Barlow, NR
Boyd, JT
Chevalier, N
Cottingham, WN
Kelly, MP
Latham, TE
Mackay, C
Wilson, FF
Abe, K
Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T
Hearty, C
Mattison, TS
McKenna, JA
Thiessen, D
Kyberd, P
McKemey, AK
Blinov, VE
Bukin, AD
Golubev, VB
Ivanchenko, VN
Kravchenko, EA
Onuchin, AP
Serednyakov, SI
Skovpen, YI
Solodov, EP
Yushkov, AN
Best, D
Bruinsma, M
Chao, M
Kirkby, D
Lankford, AJ
Mandelkern, M
Mommsen, RK
Roethel, W
Stoker, DP
Buchanan, C
Hartfiel, BL
Shen, BC
del Re, D
Hadavand, HK
Hill, EJ
MacFarlane, DB
Paar, HP
Rahatlou, S
Sharma, V
Berryhill, JW
Campagnari, C
Dahmes, B
Kuznetsova, N
Levy, SL
Long, O
Lu, A
Mazur, MA
Richman, JD
Verkerke, W
Beck, TW
Beringer, J
Eisner, AM
Heusch, CA
Lockman, WS
Schalk, T
Schmitz, RE
Schumm, BA
Seiden, A
Turri, M
Walkowiak, W
Williams, DC
Wilson, MG
Albert, J
Chen, E
Dubois-Felsmann, GP
Dvoretskii, A
Hitlin, DG
Narsky, I
Porter, FC
Ryd, A
Samuel, A
Yang, S
Jayatilleke, S
Mancinelli, G
Meadows, BT
Sokoloff, MD
Abe, T
Blanc, F
Bloom, P
Chen, S
Clark, PJ
Ford, WT
Nauenberg, U
Olivas, A
Rankin, P
Roy, J
Smith, JG
van Hoek, WC
Zhang, L
Harton, JL
Hu, T
Soffer, A
Toki, WH
Wilson, RJ
Zhang, J
Altenburg, D
Brandt, T
Brose, J
Colberg, T
Dickopp, M
Dubitzky, RS
Hauke, A
Lacker, HM
Maly, E
Muller-Pfefferkorn, R
Nogowski, R
Otto, S
Schubert, J
Schubert, KR
Schwierz, R
Spaan, B
Wilden, L
Bernard, D
Bonneaud, GR
Brochard, F
Cohen-Tanugi, J
Grenier, P
Thiebaux, C
Vasileiadis, G
Verderi, M
Khan, A
Lavin, D
Muheim, F
Playfer, S
Swain, JE
Andreotti, M
Azzolini, V
Bettoni, D
Bozzi, C
Calabrese, R
Cibinetto, G
Luppi, E
Negrini, M
Piemontese, L
Sarti, A
Treadwell, E
Anulli, F
Baldini-Ferroli, R
Biasini, M
Calcaterra, A
de Sangro, R
Falciai, D
Finocchiaro, G
Patteri, P
Peruzzi, IM
Piccolo, M
Pioppi, M
Zallo, A
Buzzo, A
Capra, R
Contri, R
Crosetti, G
Lo Vetere, M
Macri, M
Monge, MR
Passaggio, S
Patrignani, C
Robutti, E
Santroni, A
Tosi, S
Bailey, S
Morii, M
Won, E
Bhimji, W
Bowerman, DA
Dauncey, PD
Egede, U
Eschrich, I
Gaillard, JR
Morton, GW
Nash, JA
Sanders, P
Taylor, GP
Grenier, GJ
Lee, SJ
Mallik, U
Cochran, J
Crawley, HB
Lamsa, J
Meyer, WT
Prell, S
Rosenberg, EI
Yi, J
Davier, M
Grosdidier, G
Hocker, A
Laplace, S
Le Diberder, F
Lepeltier, V
Lutz, AM
Petersen, TC
Plaszczynski, S
Schune, MH
Tantot, L
Wormser, G
Brigljevic, V
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Wright, DM
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Kay, M
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Payne, DJ
Sloane, RJ
Touramanis, C
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Harrison, PF
Shorthouse, HW
Strother, P
Vidal, PB
Brown, CL
Cowan, G
Flack, RL
Flaecher, HU
George, S
Green, MG
Kurup, A
Marker, CE
McMahon, TR
Ricciardi, S
Salvatore, F
Vaitsas, G
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Allison, J
Barlow, RJ
Forti, AC
Hart, PA
Hodgkinson, MC
Jackson, F
Lafferty, GD
Lyon, AJ
Weatherall, JH
Williams, JC
Farbin, A
Jawahery, A
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Lae, CK
Lillard, V
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Flood, KT
Hertzbach, SS
Kofler, R
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Moore, TB
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Willocq, S
Cowan, R
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Mangeol, DJJ
Patel, PM
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Palombo, F
Bauer, JM
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Godang, R
Kroeger, R
Reidy, J
Sanders, DA
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Zhao, HW
Brunet, S
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Hast, C
Taras, P
Nicholson, H
Cartaro, C
Cavallo, N
De Nardo, G
Fabozzi, F
Gatto, C
Lista, L
Paolucci, P
Piccolo, D
Sciacca, C
Baak, MA
Raven, G
LoSecco, JM
Gabriel, TA
Brau, B
Gan, KK
Honscheid, K
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Kagan, H
Kass, R
Pulliam, T
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Brau, J
Frey, R
Potter, CT
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Dorigo, A
Galeazzi, F
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Morandin, M
Posocco, M
Rotondo, M
Simonetto, F
Stroili, R
Tiozzo, G
Voci, C
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Briand, H
Chauveau, J
David, P
de la Vaissiere, C
Del Buono, L
Hamon, O
John, MJJ
Leruste, P
Ocariz, J
Pivk, M
Roos, L
Stark, J
T'Jampens, S
Therin, G
Manfredi, PF
Re, V
Behera, PK
Gladney, L
Guo, QH
Panetta, J
Angelini, C
Batignani, G
Bettarini, S
Bondioli, M
Bucci, F
Calderini, G
Carpinelli, M
Del Gamba, V
Forti, F
Giorgi, MA
Lusiani, A
Marchiori, G
Martinez-Vidal, F
Morganti, M
Neri, N
Paoloni, E
Rama, M
Rizzo, G
Sandrelli, F
Walsh, J
Haire, M
Judd, D
Paick, K
Wagoner, DE
Danielson, N
Elmer, P
Lu, C
Miftakov, V
Olsen, J
Smith, AJS
Tanaka, HA
Varnes, EW
Bellini, F
Cavoto, G
Faccini, R
Ferrarotto, F
Ferroni, F
Gaspero, M
Mazzoni, MA
Morganti, S
Pierini, M
Piredda, G
Tehrani, FS
Voena, C
Christ, S
Wagner, G
Waldi, R
Adye, T
De Groot, N
Franek, B
Geddes, NI
Gopal, GP
Olaiya, EO
Xella, SM
Aleksan, R
Emery, S
Gaidot, A
Ganzhur, SF
Giraud, PF
de Monchenault, GH
Kozanecki, W
Langer, M
Legendre, M
London, GW
Mayer, B
Schott, G
Vasseur, G
Yeche, C
Zito, M
Purohit, MV
Weidemann, AW
Yumiceva, FX
Aston, D
Bartoldus, R
Berger, N
Boyarski, AM
Buchmueller, OL
Convery, MR
Coupal, DP
Dong, D
Dorfan, J
Dujmic, D
Dunwoodie, W
Field, RC
Glanzman, T
Gowdy, SJ
Grauges-Pous, E
Hadig, T
Halyo, V
Hryn'ova, T
Innes, WR
Jessop, CP
Kelsey, MH
Kim, P
Kocian, ML
Langenegger, U
Leith, DWGS
Luitz, S
Luth, V
Lynch, HL
Marsiske, H
Messner, R
Muller, DR
O'Grady, CP
Ozcan, VE
Perazzo, A
Perl, M
Petrak, S
Ratcliff, BN
Robertson, SH
Roodman, A
Salnikov, AA
Schindler, RH
Schwiening, J
Simi, G
Snyder, A
Soha, A
Stelzer, J
Su, D
Sullivan, MK
Va'vra, J
Wagner, SR
Weaver, M
Weinstein, AJR
Wisniewski, WJ
Wright, DH
Young, CC
Burchat, PR
Edwards, AJ
Meyer, TI
Petersen, BA
Roat, C
Ahmed, S
Alam, MS
Ernst, JA
Saleem, M
Wappler, FR
Bugg, W
Krishnamurthy, M
Spanier, SM
Eckmann, R
Kim, H
Ritchie, JL
Schwitters, RF
Izen, JM
Kitayama, I
Lou, XC
Ye, S
Bianchi, F
Bona, M
Gallo, F
Gamba, D
Borean, C
Bosisio, L
Della Ricca, G
Dittongo, S
Grancagnolo, S
Lanceri, L
Poropat, P
Vitale, L
Vuagnin, G
Panvini, RS
Banerjee, S
Brown, CM
Fortin, D
Jackson, PD
Kowalewski, R
Roney, JM
Band, HR
Dasu, S
Datta, M
Eichenbaum, AM
Johnson, JR
Kutter, PE
Li, H
Liu, R
Lodovico, FD
Mihalyi, A
Mohapatra, AK
Pan, Y
Prepost, R
Sekula, SJ
von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH
Wu, J
Wu, SL
Yu, Z
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Tantot, L
Wormser, G
Brigljevic, V
Cheng, CH
Lange, DJ
Wright, DM
Bevan, AJ
Coleman, JP
Fry, JR
Gabathuler, E
Gamet, R
Kay, M
Parry, RJ
Payne, DJ
Sloane, RJ
Touramanis, C
Back, JJ
Harrison, PF
Shorthouse, HW
Strother, P
Vidal, PB
Brown, CL
Cowan, G
Flack, RL
Flaecher, HU
George, S
Green, MG
Kurup, A
Marker, CE
McMahon, TR
Ricciardi, S
Salvatore, F
Vaitsas, G
Winter, MA
Brown, D
Davis, CL
Allison, J
Barlow, RJ
Forti, AC
Hart, PA
Hodgkinson, MC
Jackson, F
Lafferty, GD
Lyon, AJ
Weatherall, JH
Williams, JC
Farbin, A
Jawahery, A
Kovalskyi, D
Lae, CK
Lillard, V
Roberts, DA
Blaylock, G
Dallapiccola, C
Flood, KT
Hertzbach, SS
Kofler, R
Koptchev, VB
Moore, TB
Saremi, S
Staengle, H
Willocq, S
Cowan, R
Sciolla, G
Taylor, F
Yamamoto, RK
Mangeol, DJJ
Patel, PM
Lazzaro, A
Palombo, F
Bauer, JM
Cremaldi, L
Eschenburg, V
Godang, R
Kroeger, R
Reidy, J
Sanders, DA
Summers, DJ
Zhao, HW
Brunet, S
Cote-Ahern, D
Hast, C
Taras, P
Nicholson, H
Cartaro, C
Cavallo, N
De Nardo, G
Fabozzi, F
Gatto, C
Lista, L
Paolucci, P
Piccolo, D
Sciacca, C
Baak, MA
Raven, G
LoSecco, JM
Gabriel, TA
Brau, B
Gan, KK
Honscheid, K
Hufnagel, D
Kagan, H
Kass, R
Pulliam, T
Wong, QK
Brau, J
Frey, R
Potter, CT
Sinev, NB
Strom, D
Torrence, E
Colecchia, F
Dorigo, A
Galeazzi, F
Margoni, M
Morandin, M
Posocco, M
Rotondo, M
Simonetto, F
Stroili, R
Tiozzo, G
Voci, C
Benayoun, M
Briand, H
Chauveau, J
David, P
de la Vaissiere, C
Del Buono, L
Hamon, O
John, MJJ
Leruste, P
Ocariz, J
Pivk, M
Roos, L
Stark, J
T'Jampens, S
Therin, G
Manfredi, PF
Re, V
Behera, PK
Gladney, L
Guo, QH
Panetta, J
Angelini, C
Batignani, G
Bettarini, S
Bondioli, M
Bucci, F
Calderini, G
Carpinelli, M
Del Gamba, V
Forti, F
Giorgi, MA
Lusiani, A
Marchiori, G
Martinez-Vidal, F
Morganti, M
Neri, N
Paoloni, E
Rama, M
Rizzo, G
Sandrelli, F
Walsh, J
Haire, M
Judd, D
Paick, K
Wagoner, DE
Danielson, N
Elmer, P
Lu, C
Miftakov, V
Olsen, J
Smith, AJS
Tanaka, HA
Varnes, EW
Bellini, F
Cavoto, G
Faccini, R
Ferrarotto, F
Ferroni, F
Gaspero, M
Mazzoni, MA
Morganti, S
Pierini, M
Piredda, G
Tehrani, FS
Voena, C
Christ, S
Wagner, G
Waldi, R
Adye, T
De Groot, N
Franek, B
Geddes, NI
Gopal, GP
Olaiya, EO
Xella, SM
Aleksan, R
Emery, S
Gaidot, A
Ganzhur, SF
Giraud, PF
de Monchenault, GH
Kozanecki, W
Langer, M
Legendre, M
London, GW
Mayer, B
Schott, G
Vasseur, G
Yeche, C
Zito, M
Purohit, MV
Weidemann, AW
Yumiceva, FX
Aston, D
Bartoldus, R
Berger, N
Boyarski, AM
Buchmueller, OL
Convery, MR
Coupal, DP
Dong, D
Dorfan, J
Dujmic, D
Dunwoodie, W
Field, RC
Glanzman, T
Gowdy, SJ
Grauges-Pous, E
Hadig, T
Halyo, V
Hryn'ova, T
Innes, WR
Jessop, CP
Kelsey, MH
Kim, P
Kocian, ML
Langenegger, U
Leith, DWGS
Luitz, S
Luth, V
Lynch, HL
Marsiske, H
Messner, R
Muller, DR
O'Grady, CP
Ozcan, VE
Perazzo, A
Perl, M
Petrak, S
Ratcliff, BN
Robertson, SH
Roodman, A
Salnikov, AA
Schindler, RH
Schwiening, J
Simi, G
Snyder, A
Soha, A
Stelzer, J
Su, D
Sullivan, MK
Va'vra, J
Wagner, SR
Weaver, M
Weinstein, AJR
Wisniewski, WJ
Wright, DH
Young, CC
Burchat, PR
Edwards, AJ
Meyer, TI
Petersen, BA
Roat, C
Ahmed, S
Alam, MS
Ernst, JA
Saleem, M
Wappler, FR
Bugg, W
Krishnamurthy, M
Spanier, SM
Eckmann, R
Kim, H
Ritchie, JL
Schwitters, RF
Izen, JM
Kitayama, I
Lou, XC
Ye, S
Bianchi, F
Bona, M
Gallo, F
Gamba, D
Borean, C
Bosisio, L
Della Ricca, G
Dittongo, S
Grancagnolo, S
Lanceri, L
Poropat, P
Vitale, L
Vuagnin, G
Panvini, RS
Banerjee, S
Brown, CM
Fortin, D
Jackson, PD
Kowalewski, R
Roney, JM
Band, HR
Dasu, S
Datta, M
Eichenbaum, AM
Johnson, JR
Kutter, PE
Li, H
Liu, R
Lodovico, FD
Mihalyi, A
Mohapatra, AK
Pan, Y
Prepost, R
Sekula, SJ
von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH
Wu, J
Wu, SL
Yu, Z
Neal, H
CA BABAR Collaboration
TI Evidence for the rare decay B -> K(*)l(+)l(-) and measurement of the B
-> Kl(+)l(-) branching fraction
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID SUM-RULE ANALYSIS; LIGHT-CONE QCD; STANDARD MODEL; B->KL(+)L(-);
B->K-ASTERISK-L(+)L(-)
AB We present evidence for the flavor-changing neutral current decay B-->K-*.(+).(-) and a measurement of the branching fraction for the related process B-->K.(+).(-), where .(+).(-) is either an e(+)e(-) or a mu(+)mu(-) pair. These decays are highly suppressed in the standard model, and they are sensitive to contributions from new particles in the intermediate state. The data sample comprises 123x10(6) Y(4S)-->B (B) over bar decays collected with the BABAR detector at the SLAC PEP-II e(+)e(-) storage ring. Averaging over K-(*) isospin and lepton flavor, we obtain the branching fractions B(B-->Kl(+)l(-))=(0.65(-0.13)(+0.14)+/-0.04)x10(-6) and B(B-->K(*)l(+)l(-))=(0.88(-0.29)(+0.33)+/-0.10)x10(-6), where the uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively. The significance of the B-->Kl(+)l(-) signal is over 8sigma, while for B-->K(*)l(+)l(-) it is 3.3sigma.
C1 Phys Particules Lab, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France.
Univ Bari, Dipartmento Fis, I-70126 Bari, Italy.
Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-70126 Bari, Italy.
Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China.
Univ Bergen, Inst Phys, N-5007 Bergen, Norway.
Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England.
Ruhr Univ Bochum, Inst Expt Phys 1, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
Univ Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England.
Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada.
Brunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England.
Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
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Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA.
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Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Kern & Teilchenphys, D-01062 Dresden, Germany.
Ecole Polytech, LLR, F-91128 Palaiseau, France.
Univ Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Midlothian, Scotland.
Univ Ferrara, Dipartmento Fis, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy.
Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy.
Florida A&M Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32307 USA.
Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy.
Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-00044 Frascati, Italy.
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Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Univ London Imperial Coll Sci & Technol, London SW7 2BW, England.
Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
Lab Accelerateur Lineaire, F-91898 Orsay, France.
Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
Univ Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England.
Queen Mary Univ London, London E1 4NS, England.
Univ London Royal Holloway & Bedford New Coll, Egham TW20 0EX, Surrey, England.
Univ Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292 USA.
Univ Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England.
Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
MIT, Nucl Sci Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada.
Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, I-20133 Milan, Italy.
Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-20133 Milan, Italy.
Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA.
Univ Montreal, Lab Rene JA Levesque, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada.
Mt Holyoke Coll, S Hadley, MA 01075 USA.
Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Sci Fisiche, I-80126 Naples, Italy.
Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-80126 Naples, Italy.
Natl Inst Nucl & High Energy Phys, NIKHEF, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
Univ Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA.
Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis, I-35131 Padua, Italy.
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Univ Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany.
Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England.
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Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA.
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SUNY Albany, Albany, NY 12222 USA.
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Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.
Univ Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6, Canada.
Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06511 USA.
Univ Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy.
Univ Basilicata, I-85100 Potenza, Italy.
Univ Valencia, CSIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular, IFIC, Valencia, Spain.
RP Aubert, B (reprint author), Phys Particules Lab, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France.
RI Lusiani, Alberto/N-2976-2015; Morandin, Mauro/A-3308-2016; Lusiani,
Alberto/A-3329-2016; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Di Lodovico,
Francesca/L-9109-2016; Calcaterra, Alessandro/P-5260-2015; Frey,
Raymond/E-2830-2016; Negrini, Matteo/C-8906-2014; Luppi,
Eleonora/A-4902-2015; Monge, Maria Roberta/G-9127-2012; Kravchenko,
Evgeniy/F-5457-2015; Calabrese, Roberto/G-4405-2015; Mir,
Lluisa-Maria/G-7212-2015; Martinez Vidal, F*/L-7563-2014; Kolomensky,
Yury/I-3510-2015; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/J-5049-2012; Grancagnolo,
Sergio/J-3957-2015; Bellini, Fabio/D-1055-2009; Sarti,
Alessio/I-2833-2012; Peters, Klaus/C-2728-2008; de Groot,
Nicolo/A-2675-2009; Cavallo, Nicola/F-8913-2012; Rotondo,
Marcello/I-6043-2012; Neri, Nicola/G-3991-2012; Lista, Luca/C-5719-2008;
de Sangro, Riccardo/J-2901-2012; Patrignani, Claudia/C-5223-2009; Forti,
Francesco/H-3035-2011; Roe, Natalie/A-8798-2012
OI Mackay, Catherine/0000-0003-4252-6740; Wilson,
Robert/0000-0002-8184-4103; Raven, Gerhard/0000-0002-2897-5323; Lusiani,
Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Morandin, Mauro/0000-0003-4708-4240;
Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Della Ricca,
Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Di Lodovico,
Francesca/0000-0003-3952-2175; Calcaterra,
Alessandro/0000-0003-2670-4826; Frey, Raymond/0000-0003-0341-2636;
Watson, Nigel/0000-0002-8142-4678; Sciacca,
Crisostomo/0000-0002-8412-4072; Adye, Tim/0000-0003-0627-5059; Negrini,
Matteo/0000-0003-0101-6963; Luppi, Eleonora/0000-0002-1072-5633; Monge,
Maria Roberta/0000-0003-1633-3195; Calabrese,
Roberto/0000-0002-1354-5400; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/0000-0002-4276-715X;
Martinez Vidal, F*/0000-0001-6841-6035; Kolomensky,
Yury/0000-0001-8496-9975; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/0000-0002-6520-4480;
Grancagnolo, Sergio/0000-0001-8490-8304; Bellini,
Fabio/0000-0002-2936-660X; Sarti, Alessio/0000-0001-5419-7951; Peters,
Klaus/0000-0001-7133-0662; Rotondo, Marcello/0000-0001-5704-6163; Neri,
Nicola/0000-0002-6106-3756; de Sangro, Riccardo/0000-0002-3808-5455;
Patrignani, Claudia/0000-0002-5882-1747; Forti,
Francesco/0000-0001-6535-7965;
NR 26
TC 205
Z9 203
U1 0
U2 13
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
EI 1079-7114
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD NOV 28
PY 2003
VL 91
IS 22
AR 221802
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.221802
PG 7
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 747JR
UT WOS:000186801900007
PM 14683353
ER
PT J
AU Bakos, T
Rashkeev, SN
Pantelides, ST
AF Bakos, T
Rashkeev, SN
Pantelides, ST
TI Role of electronic versus atomic relaxations in Stokes shifts at defects
in solids
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID HOLE-CENTERS; LUMINESCENCE; DYNAMICS; SILICA; SIO2
AB Redshifts of luminescence relative to optical absorption bands (Stokes shifts) of molecules and of defects in solids are universally attributed to slow atomic relaxations on the grounds that electronic transitions are fast (Franck-Condon principle). Here we report a novel phenomenon that can occur only in the solid state: Stokes shifts caused by slow electronic relaxations. We demonstrate that the phenomenon occurs in the nonbridging oxygen defect in amorphous SiO2. We predict that another defect (OH group), which can exist in either crystalline or amorphous SiO2, has a similar Stokes shift, but it arises from a mix of lattice and electronic relaxations with manifest differences in the two phases.
C1 Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Bakos, T (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.
NR 20
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 9
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD NOV 28
PY 2003
VL 91
IS 22
AR 226402
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.226402
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 747JR
UT WOS:000186801900036
PM 14683258
ER
PT J
AU Berger, EL
Qiu, JW
AF Berger, EL
Qiu, JW
TI Differential cross sections for Higgs boson production at Tevatron
Collider energies
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM DISTRIBUTIONS; TO-LEADING-ORDER; HADRON-HADRON
COLLISIONS; GLUON FINAL-STATES; QCD CORRECTIONS; LOGARITHMIC
CORRECTIONS; PROTON COLLIDERS; LHC; RESUMMATION; FUSION
AB The transverse momentum Q(T) distribution is computed for inclusive Higgs boson production at rootS=1.96 TeV. We include all-orders resummation of large logarithms associated with emission of soft gluons at small Q(T). We provide results for Higgs boson and Z(*) masses from M-Z to 200 GeV. The relatively hard transverse momentum distribution for Higgs boson production suggests possibilities for improvement of the signal to background ratio.
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
RP Berger, EL (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
NR 36
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD NOV 28
PY 2003
VL 91
IS 22
AR 222003
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.222003
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 747JR
UT WOS:000186801900010
PM 14683232
ER
PT J
AU Farnan, GA
Fu, CL
Gai, Z
Krcmar, M
Baddorf, AP
Zhang, ZY
Shen, J
AF Farnan, GA
Fu, CL
Gai, Z
Krcmar, M
Baddorf, AP
Zhang, ZY
Shen, J
TI Electronic stability of magnetic Fe/Co superlattices with monatomic
layer alternation
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID DEPOSITION; FILMS; ALLOY; FE; FABRICATION; CU(100); CU(001); GROWTH; CO;
CU
AB We report a surprising observation that the growth of the [Fe(1 ML)/Co(1 ML)](n) superlattice of L1(0) structure on Cu(100) is stable only up to six atomic layers (n=3), which cannot be rationalized by stress arguments. Instead, first-principles calculations reveal a transition from the L1(0) to the B2 structure due to the effect of dimensionality on the stability of the electronic structure of the superlattice. Whereas the majority-spin electrons are energetically insensitive to the layer thickness, the minority-spin electrons induce the transition at n=3.
C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
Peking Univ, Dept Phys, State Key Lab Mesoscop Phys, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
RP Farnan, GA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RI Gai, Zheng/B-5327-2012; Baddorf, Arthur/I-1308-2016
OI Gai, Zheng/0000-0002-6099-4559; Baddorf, Arthur/0000-0001-7023-2382
NR 15
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 13
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD NOV 28
PY 2003
VL 91
IS 22
AR 226106
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.226106
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 747JR
UT WOS:000186801900033
PM 14683255
ER
PT J
AU Fatemi, R
Skabelin, AV
Burkert, VD
Crabb, D
Vita, RD
Kuhn, SE
Minehart, R
Adams, G
Anciant, E
Anghinolfi, M
Asavapibhop, B
Audit, G
Auger, T
Avakian, H
Bagdasaryan, H
Ball, JP
Barrow, S
Battaglieri, M
Beard, K
Bektasoglu, M
Bellis, M
Bertozzi, W
Bianchi, N
Biselli, AS
Boiarinov, S
Bonner, BE
Bosted, PE
Bouchigny, S
Bradford, R
Branford, D
Brooks, WK
Butuceanu, C
Calarco, JR
Carman, DS
Carnahan, B
Cetina, C
Ciciani, L
Clark, R
Cole, PL
Coleman, A
Connelly, J
Cords, D
Corvisiero, P
Crannell, H
Cummings, JP
De Sanctis, E
Degtyarenko, PV
Denizli, H
Dennis, L
Dharmawardane, KV
Dhuga, KS
Djalali, C
Dodge, GE
Doughty, D
Dragovitsch, P
Dugger, M
Dytman, S
Eckhause, M
Egiyan, H
Egiyan, KS
Elouadrhiri, L
Empl, A
Eugenio, P
Farhi, L
Feuerbach, RJ
Freyberger, A
Ficenec, J
Forest, TA
Frolov, V
Funsten, H
Gaff, SJ
Garcon, M
Gavalian, G
Gilad, S
Gilfoyle, GP
Giovanetti, KL
Girard, P
Gordon, CIO
Griffioen, KA
Guidal, M
Guillo, M
Guo, L
Gyurjyan, V
Hadjidakis, C
Hancock, D
Hardie, J
Heddle, D
Heimberg, P
Hersman, FW
Hicks, K
Hicks, RS
Holtrop, M
Hu, J
Hyde-Wright, CE
Ilieva, Y
Ito, MM
Jenkins, D
Joo, K
Keith, C
Kelley, JH
Kellie, JD
Khandaker, M
Kim, KY
Kim, K
Kim, W
Klein, A
Klein, FJ
Klimenko, AV
Klusman, M
Kossov, M
Koubarovski, V
Kramer, LH
Kuang, Y
Kuhn, J
Lachniet, J
Laget, JM
Lawrence, D
Li, J
Livingston, K
Longhi, A
Lukashin, K
Major, W
Manak, JJ
Marchand, C
McAleer, S
McNabb, JWC
Mecking, BA
Mehrabyan, S
Mestayer, MD
Meyer, CA
Mikhailov, K
Mirazita, M
Miskimen, R
Morand, L
Morrow, SA
Muccifora, V
Mueller, J
Mutchler, GS
Napolitano, J
Nasseripour, R
Nelson, SO
Niccolai, S
Niculescu, G
Niculescu, I
Niczyporuk, BB
Niyazov, RA
Nozar, M
O'Brien, JT
O'Rielly, GV
Osipenko, M
Park, K
Pasyuk, E
Peterson, G
Pivnyuk, N
Pocanic, D
Pogorelko, O
Polli, E
Pozdniakov, S
Preedom, BM
Price, JW
Prok, Y
Protopopescu, D
Qin, LM
Raue, BA
Riccardi, G
Ricco, G
Ripani, M
Ritchie, BG
Rock, SE
Ronchetti, F
Rossi, P
Rowntree, D
Rubin, PD
Sabatie, F
Sabourov, K
Salgado, C
Santoro, JP
Sapunenko, V
Sargsyan, M
Schumacher, RA
Seely, M
Serov, VS
Sharabian, YG
Shaw, J
Simionatto, S
Smith, ES
Smith, T
Smith, LC
Sober, DI
Sorrel, L
Spraker, M
Stavinsky, A
Stepanyan, S
Stoler, P
Strauch, S
Taiuti, M
Taylor, S
Tedeschi, DJ
Thoma, U
Thompson, R
Todor, L
Tur, C
Ungaro, M
Vineyard, MF
Vlassov, AV
Wang, K
Weinstein, LB
Weller, H
Weygand, DP
Whisnant, CS
Wolin, E
Wood, MH
Yegneswaran, A
Yun, J
Zhang, B
Zhao, J
Zhou, Z
AF Fatemi, R
Skabelin, AV
Burkert, VD
Crabb, D
Vita, RD
Kuhn, SE
Minehart, R
Adams, G
Anciant, E
Anghinolfi, M
Asavapibhop, B
Audit, G
Auger, T
Avakian, H
Bagdasaryan, H
Ball, JP
Barrow, S
Battaglieri, M
Beard, K
Bektasoglu, M
Bellis, M
Bertozzi, W
Bianchi, N
Biselli, AS
Boiarinov, S
Bonner, BE
Bosted, PE
Bouchigny, S
Bradford, R
Branford, D
Brooks, WK
Butuceanu, C
Calarco, JR
Carman, DS
Carnahan, B
Cetina, C
Ciciani, L
Clark, R
Cole, PL
Coleman, A
Connelly, J
Cords, D
Corvisiero, P
Crannell, H
Cummings, JP
De Sanctis, E
Degtyarenko, PV
Denizli, H
Dennis, L
Dharmawardane, KV
Dhuga, KS
Djalali, C
Dodge, GE
Doughty, D
Dragovitsch, P
Dugger, M
Dytman, S
Eckhause, M
Egiyan, H
Egiyan, KS
Elouadrhiri, L
Empl, A
Eugenio, P
Farhi, L
Feuerbach, RJ
Freyberger, A
Ficenec, J
Forest, TA
Frolov, V
Funsten, H
Gaff, SJ
Garcon, M
Gavalian, G
Gilad, S
Gilfoyle, GP
Giovanetti, KL
Girard, P
Gordon, CIO
Griffioen, KA
Guidal, M
Guillo, M
Guo, L
Gyurjyan, V
Hadjidakis, C
Hancock, D
Hardie, J
Heddle, D
Heimberg, P
Hersman, FW
Hicks, K
Hicks, RS
Holtrop, M
Hu, J
Hyde-Wright, CE
Ilieva, Y
Ito, MM
Jenkins, D
Joo, K
Keith, C
Kelley, JH
Kellie, JD
Khandaker, M
Kim, KY
Kim, K
Kim, W
Klein, A
Klein, FJ
Klimenko, AV
Klusman, M
Kossov, M
Koubarovski, V
Kramer, LH
Kuang, Y
Kuhn, J
Lachniet, J
Laget, JM
Lawrence, D
Li, J
Livingston, K
Longhi, A
Lukashin, K
Major, W
Manak, JJ
Marchand, C
McAleer, S
McNabb, JWC
Mecking, BA
Mehrabyan, S
Mestayer, MD
Meyer, CA
Mikhailov, K
Mirazita, M
Miskimen, R
Morand, L
Morrow, SA
Muccifora, V
Mueller, J
Mutchler, GS
Napolitano, J
Nasseripour, R
Nelson, SO
Niccolai, S
Niculescu, G
Niculescu, I
Niczyporuk, BB
Niyazov, RA
Nozar, M
O'Brien, JT
O'Rielly, GV
Osipenko, M
Park, K
Pasyuk, E
Peterson, G
Pivnyuk, N
Pocanic, D
Pogorelko, O
Polli, E
Pozdniakov, S
Preedom, BM
Price, JW
Prok, Y
Protopopescu, D
Qin, LM
Raue, BA
Riccardi, G
Ricco, G
Ripani, M
Ritchie, BG
Rock, SE
Ronchetti, F
Rossi, P
Rowntree, D
Rubin, PD
Sabatie, F
Sabourov, K
Salgado, C
Santoro, JP
Sapunenko, V
Sargsyan, M
Schumacher, RA
Seely, M
Serov, VS
Sharabian, YG
Shaw, J
Simionatto, S
Smith, ES
Smith, T
Smith, LC
Sober, DI
Sorrel, L
Spraker, M
Stavinsky, A
Stepanyan, S
Stoler, P
Strauch, S
Taiuti, M
Taylor, S
Tedeschi, DJ
Thoma, U
Thompson, R
Todor, L
Tur, C
Ungaro, M
Vineyard, MF
Vlassov, AV
Wang, K
Weinstein, LB
Weller, H
Weygand, DP
Whisnant, CS
Wolin, E
Wood, MH
Yegneswaran, A
Yun, J
Zhang, B
Zhao, J
Zhou, Z
CA CLAS Collaboration
TI Measurement of the proton spin structure function g(1)(x,Q(2)) for Q(2)
from 0.15 to 1.6 GeV2 with CLAS
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID SUM-RULE; MAGNETIC MOMENTS; NUCLEON; SCATTERING; ASYMMETRY
AB Double-polarization asymmetries for inclusive ep scattering were measured at Jefferson Lab using 2.6 and 4.3 GeV longitudinally polarized electrons incident on a longitudinally polarized NH3 target in the CLAS detector. The polarized structure function g(1)(x,Q(2)) was extracted throughout the nucleon resonance region and into the deep inelastic regime, for Q(2)=0.15-1.64 GeV2. The contributions to the first moment Gamma(1)(Q(2))=integralg(1)(x,Q(2)) dx were determined up to Q(2)=1.2 GeV2. Using a parametrization for g(1) in the unmeasured low x regions, the complete first moment was estimated over this Q(2) region. A rapid change in Gamma(1) is observed for Q(2)<1 GeV2, with a sign change near Q(2)=0.3 GeV2, indicating dominant contributions from the resonance region. At Q(2)=1.2 GeV2 our data are below the perturbative QCD evolved scaling value.
C1 Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA.
American Univ, Washington, DC 20016 USA.
Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
Catholic Univ Amer, Washington, DC 20064 USA.
CEA Saclay, Serv Phys Nucl, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
Christopher Newport Univ, Newport News, VA 23606 USA.
Univ Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269 USA.
Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
Univ Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Midlothian, Scotland.
Florida Int Univ, Miami, FL 33199 USA.
Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
George Washington Univ, Washington, DC 20052 USA.
Univ Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland.
Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy.
Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Genova, I-16146 Genoa, Italy.
Inst Phys Nucl Orsay, Orsay, France.
Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia.
James Madison Univ, Harrisonburg, VA 22807 USA.
Kyungpook Natl Univ, Taegu 702701, South Korea.
MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Moscow 119899, Russia.
Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
Norfolk State Univ, Norfolk, VA 23504 USA.
Ohio Univ, Athens, OH 45701 USA.
Old Dominion Univ, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA.
Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA.
Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Troy, NY 12180 USA.
Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77005 USA.
Univ Richmond, Richmond, VA 23173 USA.
Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
Union Coll, Schenectady, NY 12308 USA.
Univ Texas, El Paso, TX 79968 USA.
Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA.
Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA.
Coll William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA.
Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia.
RP Fatemi, R (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA.
RI Bektasoglu, Mehmet/A-2074-2012; Protopopescu, Dan/D-5645-2012; riccardi,
gabriele/A-9269-2012; Brooks, William/C-8636-2013; Schumacher,
Reinhard/K-6455-2013; Auger, Thierry/L-1073-2013; Meyer,
Curtis/L-3488-2014; Sabatie, Franck/K-9066-2015; Osipenko,
Mikhail/N-8292-2015;
OI Brooks, William/0000-0001-6161-3570; Schumacher,
Reinhard/0000-0002-3860-1827; Meyer, Curtis/0000-0001-7599-3973;
Sabatie, Franck/0000-0001-7031-3975; Osipenko,
Mikhail/0000-0001-9618-3013; Hyde, Charles/0000-0001-7282-8120; Bellis,
Matthew/0000-0002-6353-6043
NR 27
TC 77
Z9 77
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
EI 1079-7114
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD NOV 28
PY 2003
VL 91
IS 22
AR 222002
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.222002
PG 6
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 747JR
UT WOS:000186801900009
PM 14683231
ER
PT J
AU Hagberg, A
Meron, E
AF Hagberg, A
Meron, E
TI Vortex-pair dynamics in anisotropic bistable media: A kinematic approach
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID REACTION-DIFFUSION SYSTEM; ROTATING MAGNETIC-FIELD; FRONT BIFURCATIONS;
PATTERN-FORMATION; LIQUID-CRYSTALS; CURVED FRONTS; EQUATIONS;
TRANSITIONS; PROPAGATION; TURBULENCE
AB In isotropic bistable media, a vortex pair typically evolves into rotating spiral waves. In an anisotropic system, instead of spiral waves, the vortices can form wave fragments that propagate with a constant speed in a given direction determined by the system's anisotropy. The fragments may propagate invariably, shrink, or expand. We develop a kinematic approach for the study of vortex-pair dynamics in anisotropic bistable media and use it to capture the wave fragment dynamics.
C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Ben Gurion Univ Negev, BIDR, Dept Solar Energy & Environm Phys, IL-84990 Sede Boqer, Israel.
Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Dept Phys, IL-84105 Beer Sheva, Israel.
RP Hagberg, A (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RI MERON, EHUD/F-1810-2012
NR 30
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD NOV 28
PY 2003
VL 91
IS 22
AR 224503
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.224503
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 747JR
UT WOS:000186801900022
PM 14683244
ER
PT J
AU Htoon, H
Hollingsworth, JA
Dickerson, R
Klimov, VI
AF Htoon, H
Hollingsworth, JA
Dickerson, R
Klimov, VI
TI Effect of zero- to one-dimensional transformation on multiparticle Auger
recombination in semiconductor quantum rods
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID STIMULATED-EMISSION; CDSE NANOCRYSTALS; DOTS; LIGHT
AB We study the effect of the zero- to one-dimensional (1D) transformation on multiparticle Auger recombination using a series of elongated semiconductor nanocrystals (quantum rods). We observe a transition from the three- to two-particle recombination process as the nanocrystal aspect ratio is increased. This transition indicates that in the 1D confinement limit, Auger decay is dominated by Coulomb interactions between 1D excitons that recombine in a bimolecular fashion. One consequence of this effect is strongly reduced decay rates of higher multiparticle states that lead to increased optical-gain lifetimes and efficient light amplification due to involvement of excited electronic states.
C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Htoon, H (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
NR 17
TC 167
Z9 168
U1 2
U2 36
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
EI 1079-7114
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD NOV 28
PY 2003
VL 91
IS 22
AR 227401
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.227401
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 747JR
UT WOS:000186801900048
PM 14683270
ER
PT J
AU Jiang, CL
Esbensen, H
Rehm, KE
Back, BB
Janssens, RVF
Caggiano, JA
Collon, P
Greene, J
Heinz, AM
Henderson, DJ
Nishinaka, I
Pennington, TO
Seweryniak, D
AF Jiang, CL
Esbensen, H
Rehm, KE
Back, BB
Janssens, RVF
Caggiano, JA
Collon, P
Greene, J
Heinz, AM
Henderson, DJ
Nishinaka, I
Pennington, TO
Seweryniak, D
TI Comment on "Unexpected behavior of heavy-ion fusion cross sections at
extreme sub-barrier energies" - Reply
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Jiang, CL (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RI Heinz, Andreas/E-3191-2014
NR 5
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD NOV 28
PY 2003
VL 91
IS 22
AR 229202
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.229202
PG 1
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 747JR
UT WOS:000186801900055
ER
PT J
AU Berry, EA
Huang, LS
AF Berry, EA
Huang, LS
TI Observations concerning the quinol oxidation site of the cytochrome
bc(1) complex
SO FEBS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 2nd Nobel Symposium on Membrane Proteins: Structure Function and
Assembly (126)
CY AUG 22-24, 2003
CL FRIIBERGHS HERRGARD, SWEDEN
DE ubiquinone; cytochrome c; oxidoreductase; membrane protein complex;
respiratory enzyme; protein crystal; X-ray; structure; mechanism;
tautomerisrn; resonance
ID IRON-SULFUR PROTEIN; MITOCHONDRIAL RESPIRATORY-CHAIN; BOVINE
HEART-MITOCHONDRIA; ELECTRON-TRANSFER; DOMAIN MOVEMENT; ENZYMATIC
CATALYSIS; UBIQUINOL OXIDATION; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES; HYDROGEN-BONDS; Q0
SITE
AB A direct hydrogen bond between ubiquinone/quinol bound at the Q(O) site and a cluster-ligand histidine of the iron-sulfur protein (ISP) is described as a major determining factor explaining much experimental data on position of the ISP ectodomain, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) lineshape and midpoint potential of the iron-sulfur cluster, and the mechanism of the bifurcated electron transfer from ubiquinol to the high and low potential chains of the be, complex. (C) 2003 Federation of European Biochemical Societies. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Berry, EA (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, MS 64R121, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK44842]
NR 38
TC 45
Z9 46
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0014-5793
J9 FEBS LETT
JI FEBS Lett.
PD NOV 27
PY 2003
VL 555
IS 1
BP 13
EP 20
DI 10.1016/S0014-5793(03)01099-8
PG 8
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology
GA 748NH
UT WOS:000186867600004
PM 14630312
ER
PT J
AU Brunger, AT
DeLaBarre, B
AF Brunger, AT
DeLaBarre, B
TI NSF and p97/VCP: similar at first, different at last
SO FEBS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 2nd Nobel Symposium on Membrane Proteins: Structure Function and
Assembly (126)
CY AUG 22-24, 2003
CL FRIIBERGHS HERRGARD, SWEDEN
DE AAA protein; vesicle fusion; membrane protein extraction; endoplasmic
reticulum-associated degradation
ID SENSITIVE FUSION PROTEIN; MITOTIC GOLGI FRAGMENTS; AAA-ATPASE P97;
CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; TERMINAL DOMAIN; MEMBRANE-FUSION; NEUROTRANSMITTER
RELEASE; CONFORMATIONAL-CHANGES; ANGSTROM RESOLUTION; PRECURSOR PROTEIN
AB N-Ethylmaleimide sensitive factor (NSF) and p97/ valosin-containing protein (VCP) are distantly related members of the ATPases associated with a variety of cellular activities (AAA) family of proteins. While both proteins have been implied in cellular morphology changes involving membrane compartments or vesicles, more recent evidence seems to imply that NSF is primarily involved in the soluble NSF attachment receptor (SNARE)-mediated vesicle fusion by disassembling the SNARE complex whereas p97/VCP is primarily involved in the extraction of membrane proteins. These functional differences are now corroborated by major structural differences based on recent crystallographic and cryo-electron microscopy studies. This review discusses these recent findings. (C) 2003 Federation of European Biochemical Societies. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Stanford Univ, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
Stanford Univ, Dept Mol & Cellular Physiol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
Stanford Univ, Dept Neurol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
Stanford Univ, Dept Neurol Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
Stanford Univ, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
RP Brunger, AT (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Howard Hughes Med Inst, James H Clark Ctr E300-C,318 Campus Dr, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
OI Brunger, Axel/0000-0001-5121-2036
FU NIMH NIH HHS [1-R01-MH63105-01]
NR 60
TC 58
Z9 59
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0014-5793
J9 FEBS LETT
JI FEBS Lett.
PD NOV 27
PY 2003
VL 555
IS 1
BP 126
EP 133
DI 10.1016/S0014-5793(03)01107-4
PG 8
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology
GA 748NH
UT WOS:000186867600024
PM 14630332
ER
PT J
AU Hirata, S
Zhan, CG
Apra, E
Windus, TL
Dixon, DA
AF Hirata, S
Zhan, CG
Apra, E
Windus, TL
Dixon, DA
TI A new, self-contained asymptotic correction scheme to
exchange-correlation potentials for time-dependent density functional
theory
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A
LA English
DT Article
ID VACUUM-ULTRAVIOLET REGION; FREE-BASE PORPHIN; EXCITATION-ENERGIES;
ABSORPTION-SPECTRA; DYNAMIC POLARIZABILITIES; THEORETICAL CALCULATIONS;
ELECTRONIC EXCITATIONS; RESPONSE THEORY; EXCITED-STATES; BENZENE VAPOR
AB By combining the asymptotic correction scheme of Casida and Salahub for exchange-correlation potentials and the phenomenological linear correlation between experimental ionization potentials and highest occupied Kohn-Sham (KS) orbital energies found by Zhan, Nichols, and Dixon, we propose a new, expedient, and self-contained asymptotic correction to exchange-correlation potentials in KS density functional theory (DFT) for use in time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) that does not require an ionization potential as an external parameter from a separate calculation. The asymptotically corrected (TD)DFT method is implemented in the quantum chemistry program suite NWChem for both sequential and massively parallel execution. The asymptotic correction scheme combined with the B3LYP functional [B3LYP(AC)] is shown to be well balanced for both valence- and Rydberg-type transitions, with average errors in excitation energies of CO, N-2, CH2O, and C2H4 being smaller than those of uncorrected BLYP and B3LYP TDDFT by factors of 4 and 2, respectively, consistent with the improved orbital energies found for B3LYP(AC). We demonstrate the general applicability and accuracy of the method for the Rydberg excited states of mono- to tetrafluorinated methanes, the valence and Rydberg excited states of benzene, and the Q, B, N, and L band positions of free-base porphin.
C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, William R Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Zhan, CG (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, William R Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RI Apra, Edoardo/F-2135-2010
OI Apra, Edoardo/0000-0001-5955-0734
NR 54
TC 92
Z9 92
U1 1
U2 16
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1089-5639
J9 J PHYS CHEM A
JI J. Phys. Chem. A
PD NOV 27
PY 2003
VL 107
IS 47
BP 10154
EP 10158
DI 10.1021/jp035667x
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 746RU
UT WOS:000186762100020
ER
PT J
AU Matranga, C
Chen, L
Smith, M
Bittner, E
Johnson, JK
Bockrath, B
AF Matranga, C
Chen, L
Smith, M
Bittner, E
Johnson, JK
Bockrath, B
TI Trapped CO2 in carbon nanotube bundles
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B
LA English
DT Article
ID SINGLE-WALLED NANOTUBES; METHANE MOBILITY; ADSORPTION; C-60;
SPECTROSCOPY; GASES; SPECTRA; TRANSITIONS; INTENSITIES; ABSORPTION
AB An infrared spectroscopic study Of CO2 that becomes permanently trapped in carbon nanotube bundles during thermolysis is reported. The temperature dependence of the nu(3) modes for trapped CO2 is studied with two-dimensional infrared correlation spectroscopy. Computer simulations are used to extract the basic physics of trapped CO2 and to make qualitative connections with changes seen in the infrared spectra. Experimental and simulated CO2 adsorption studies point to a sequential filling of adsorption sites in opened nanotubes with interstitial sites preceding endohedral sites. The limited number of sites available to the trapped CO2 species is used to facilitate a tentative assignment of vibrational peaks to specific sites in the nanotube bundles.
C1 United States Dept Energy, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA.
Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Chem & Petr Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA.
RP United States Dept Energy, Natl Energy Technol Lab, POB 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA.
EM matranga@netl.doe.gov
RI Chen, Liang/B-3418-2008; Matranga, Christopher/E-4741-2015; Johnson,
Karl/E-9733-2013
OI Matranga, Christopher/0000-0001-7082-5938; Johnson,
Karl/0000-0002-3608-8003
NR 47
TC 83
Z9 83
U1 0
U2 17
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1520-6106
J9 J PHYS CHEM B
JI J. Phys. Chem. B
PD NOV 27
PY 2003
VL 107
IS 47
BP 12930
EP 12941
DI 10.1021/jp0364654
PG 12
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA 746RV
UT WOS:000186762200005
ER
PT J
AU Wilcoxon, JP
Provencio, P
AF Wilcoxon, JP
Provencio, P
TI Etching and aging effects in nanosize Au clusters investigated using
high-resolution size-exclusion chromatography
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B
LA English
DT Article
ID NANOCRYSTAL GOLD MOLECULES; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; ALKANETHIOL MONOLAYERS;
INFRARED LUMINESCENCE; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; NANOCLUSTERS;
NANOPARTICLES; SUPERLATTICES; PLATINUM; SPECTRA
AB We report experiments using high-resolution size exclusion chromatography (HRSEC), dynamic light scattering, and transmission electron microscopy to investigate the effects of aging of Au nanoclusters in the presence of surfactant ligands. We first describe our observations of the role of thiols as etchants to produce clusters in a micelle-free synthesis by reduction of a metal-organic precursor. Clusters with large abundances are identified using HRSEC, and their sizes and optical properties are reported. The smallest, D-c similar to 1 nm molecular sized An clusters, with approximately I closed atomic shell, N similar to 13 atoms, have nonclassical features in their room temperature absorbance spectra. The other dominant sub-populations also correspond closely to closed-shell structural stabilities. We show that, contrary to the expectation that aging in solution will always broaden the size dispersion and increase the average size (Ostwald ripening), a narrowing of the size dispersion and change in average size can occur with time under ambient conditions. In the presence of various chain length alkanethiols, an etching and size decrease usually occurs; in the case of weakly bound alkylated poly(ethylene oxide) surfactants, an increase in size with time is observed.
C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Dept 1122, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Wilcoxon, JP (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Dept 1122, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
NR 29
TC 52
Z9 52
U1 1
U2 10
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1520-6106
J9 J PHYS CHEM B
JI J. Phys. Chem. B
PD NOV 27
PY 2003
VL 107
IS 47
BP 12949
EP 12957
DI 10.1021/jp027575y
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA 746RV
UT WOS:000186762200007
ER
PT J
AU Lu, T
Goldfield, EM
Gray, SK
AF Lu, T
Goldfield, EM
Gray, SK
TI Quantum states of molecular hydrogen and its isotopes in single-walled
carbon nanotubes
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B
LA English
DT Article
ID MONTE-CARLO SIMULATIONS; STORAGE; ADSORPTION; ENERGY; PHYSISORPTION
AB Quantum mechanical energy levels are computed for the hydrogen molecule and its homonuclear isotopes confined within nanotubes of various sizes and structures. A realistic many-body potential is used to compute the interactions between the atoms of the diatomic and the nanotube carbons. Two translational and two rotational degrees of freedom are treated explicitly. Zero-pressure quantum sieving selectivities are computed from the energy levels. The effects of including both translation and rotation are discussed. The effect of confinement on the ortho/para splitting of hydrogen is also discussed.
C1 Wayne State Univ, Dept Chem, Detroit, MI 48202 USA.
Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Goldfield, EM (reprint author), Wayne State Univ, Dept Chem, Detroit, MI 48202 USA.
NR 30
TC 32
Z9 32
U1 1
U2 4
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1520-6106
J9 J PHYS CHEM B
JI J. Phys. Chem. B
PD NOV 27
PY 2003
VL 107
IS 47
BP 12989
EP 12995
DI 10.1021/jp030601n
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA 746RV
UT WOS:000186762200012
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, W
Wilder, JW
Smith, DH
AF Zhang, W
Wilder, JW
Smith, DH
TI Methane hydrate-ice equilibria in porous media
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B
LA English
DT Article
ID PORE-SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS; THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES; SILICA-GELS;
PRESSURES; TEMPERATURES
AB Reported in this work are equilibrium pressures for the dissociation of methane hydrate confined in silica gel pores of nominal radii 7.5, 5.0, 3.0, or 2.0 nm. Also reported are equilibrium pressures for a sample containing a mixture of silica gel with nominal radii of 7.5 and 3.0 nm. Each of these porous media contained a broad distribution of pore radii. At higher temperatures, where the equilibria involved hydrate and liquid water, the pressures were larger than those for bulk hydrate at the corresponding temperature, and in general increased with a decrease in nominal pore radius. At lower temperatures where the equilibria involved ice, the pressures were identical (within expected experimental uncertainties) for all of the silica gels, and were the same as those reported in the literature for bulk methane hydrate. The independence of the equilibrium pressure from pore size at lower temperatures (where the equilibrium involved ice) indicates that for temperatures below the quadruple point temperature of the smallest hydrate containing pore, there is no detectable effect on the equilibrium pressure due to the restricted geometries of the porous media. This result suggests (1) that the interface relevant to the decomposition of hydrate in silica gel pores is that between the hydrate and the aqueous phase, as suggested by Henry et al.,(1) and either (2a) that within experimental error the surface energy between the hydrate and the aqueous phase can be approximated by that between ice and the appropriate aqueous phase or (2b) that costheta for the contact angle of the hydrate-ice interface silica gel is approximately zero.
C1 US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA.
Natl Energy Technol Lab, Parsons Infrastruct & Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA.
W Virginia Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.
W Virginia Univ, Dept Math, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.
W Virginia Univ, Dept Phys, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.
RP Smith, DH (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, POB 880, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA.
NR 23
TC 6
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1520-6106
J9 J PHYS CHEM B
JI J. Phys. Chem. B
PD NOV 27
PY 2003
VL 107
IS 47
BP 13084
EP 13089
DI 10.1021/jp0349278
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA 746RV
UT WOS:000186762200024
ER
PT J
AU Link, JM
Yager, PM
Anjos, JC
Bediaga, I
Gobel, C
Magnin, J
Massafferri, A
de Miranda, JM
Machado, AA
Pepe, IM
Polycarpo, E
dos Reis, AC
Carrillo, S
Casimiro, E
Cuautle, E
Sanchez-Hernandez, A
Uribe, C
Vazquez, F
Agostino, L
Cinquini, L
Cumalat, JP
O'Reilly, B
Segoni, I
Wahl, M
Butler, JN
Cheung, HWK
Chiodini, G
Gaines, I
Garbincius, PH
Garren, LA
Gottschalk, E
Kasper, PH
Kreymer, AE
Kutschke, R
Wang, M
Benussi, L
Bertani, M
Bianco, S
Fabbri, FL
Zallo, A
Reyes, M
Cawlfield, C
Kim, DY
Rahimi, A
Wiss, J
Gardner, R
Kryemadhi, A
Chang, CH
Chung, YS
Kang, JS
Ko, BR
Kwak, JW
Lee, KB
Cho, K
Park, H
Alimonti, G
Barberis, S
Boschini, M
Cerutti, A
D'Angelo, P
DiCorato, M
Dini, P
Edera, L
Erba, S
Giammarchi, M
Inzani, P
Leveraro, F
Malvezzi, S
Menasce, D
Mezzadri, M
Moroni, L
Pedrini, D
Pontoglio, C
Prelz, F
Rovere, M
Sala, S
Davenport, TF
Arena, V
Boca, G
Bonomi, G
Gianini, G
Liguori, G
Merlo, MM
Pantea, D
Pegna, DL
Ratti, SP
Riccardi, C
Vitulo, P
Hernandez, H
Lopez, AM
Luiggi, E
Mendez, H
Paris, A
Quinones, J
Ramirez, JE
Zhang, Y
Wilson, JR
Handler, T
Mitchell, R
Engh, D
Hosack, M
Johns, WE
Nehring, M
Sheldon, PD
Stenson, K
Vaandering, EW
Webster, M
Sheaff, M
AF Link, JM
Yager, PM
Anjos, JC
Bediaga, I
Gobel, C
Magnin, J
Massafferri, A
de Miranda, JM
Machado, AA
Pepe, IM
Polycarpo, E
dos Reis, AC
Carrillo, S
Casimiro, E
Cuautle, E
Sanchez-Hernandez, A
Uribe, C
Vazquez, F
Agostino, L
Cinquini, L
Cumalat, JP
O'Reilly, B
Segoni, I
Wahl, M
Butler, JN
Cheung, HWK
Chiodini, G
Gaines, I
Garbincius, PH
Garren, LA
Gottschalk, E
Kasper, PH
Kreymer, AE
Kutschke, R
Wang, M
Benussi, L
Bertani, M
Bianco, S
Fabbri, FL
Zallo, A
Reyes, M
Cawlfield, C
Kim, DY
Rahimi, A
Wiss, J
Gardner, R
Kryemadhi, A
Chang, CH
Chung, YS
Kang, JS
Ko, BR
Kwak, JW
Lee, KB
Cho, K
Park, H
Alimonti, G
Barberis, S
Boschini, M
Cerutti, A
D'Angelo, P
DiCorato, M
Dini, P
Edera, L
Erba, S
Giammarchi, M
Inzani, P
Leveraro, F
Malvezzi, S
Menasce, D
Mezzadri, M
Moroni, L
Pedrini, D
Pontoglio, C
Prelz, F
Rovere, M
Sala, S
Davenport, TF
Arena, V
Boca, G
Bonomi, G
Gianini, G
Liguori, G
Merlo, MM
Pantea, D
Pegna, DL
Ratti, SP
Riccardi, C
Vitulo, P
Hernandez, H
Lopez, AM
Luiggi, E
Mendez, H
Paris, A
Quinones, J
Ramirez, JE
Zhang, Y
Wilson, JR
Handler, T
Mitchell, R
Engh, D
Hosack, M
Johns, WE
Nehring, M
Sheldon, PD
Stenson, K
Vaandering, EW
Webster, M
Sheaff, M
CA FOCUS Collaboration
TI Study of the decay mode D-0 -> K-K-K+pi(+)
SO PHYSICS LETTERS B
LA English
DT Article
ID 2-BODY NONLEPTONIC DECAYS; D-MESONS
AB Using data from the FOCUS (E831) experiment at Fermilab, we present a new measurement of the branching ratio for the Cabibbo-favored decay mode D-0 --> K- K- K+ pi(+). From a sample of 143 +/- 19 fully reconstructed D-0 --> K- K- K+ pi(+) events, we measure Gamma(D-0 --> K- K- K+ pi(+))/Gamma(D-0 --> K- pi(-) pi(+) pi(+)) = 0.00257 +/- 0.00034(stat.) +/- 0.00024(syst.). A coherent amplitude analysis has been performed to determine the resonant substructure of this decay mode. This analysis reveals a dominant contribution from phi and (K) over bar*(0)(892) states. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
Ctr Brasileiro Pesquisas Fis, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.
CINVESTAV, Mexico City 07000, DF, Mexico.
Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy.
Univ Guanajuato, Guanajuato 37150, Mexico.
Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA.
Korea Univ, Seoul 136701, South Korea.
Kyungpook Natl Univ, Taegu 702701, South Korea.
Univ Milan, Milan, Italy.
Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Milan, Italy.
Univ N Carolina, Asheville, NC 28804 USA.
Dipartimento Fis Teorica & Nucl, I-27100 Pavia, Italy.
Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-27100 Pavia, Italy.
Univ Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, PR 00681 USA.
Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.
Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
RP dos Reis, AC (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
EM alberto@cbpf.br
RI Menasce, Dario Livio/A-2168-2016; Gianini, Gabriele/M-5195-2014; Bonomi,
Germano/G-4236-2010; Kwak, Jungwon/K-8338-2012; Anjos, Joao/C-8335-2013;
Link, Jonathan/L-2560-2013; Benussi, Luigi/O-9684-2014; Gobel Burlamaqui
de Mello, Carla /H-4721-2016
OI Menasce, Dario Livio/0000-0002-9918-1686; Gianini,
Gabriele/0000-0001-5186-0199; Bonomi, Germano/0000-0003-1618-9648;
bianco, stefano/0000-0002-8300-4124; Kryemadhi,
Abaz/0000-0002-1240-2803; Link, Jonathan/0000-0002-1514-0650; Benussi,
Luigi/0000-0002-2363-8889; Gobel Burlamaqui de Mello, Carla
/0000-0003-0523-495X
NR 14
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0370-2693
EI 1873-2445
J9 PHYS LETT B
JI Phys. Lett. B
PD NOV 27
PY 2003
VL 575
IS 3-4
BP 190
EP 197
DI 10.1016/j,physletb.2003.09.054
PG 8
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA 743MN
UT WOS:000186575800006
ER
PT J
AU Ethvignot, T
Devlin, M
Drosg, R
Granier, T
Haight, RC
Morillon, B
Nelson, RO
O'Donnell, JM
Rochman, D
AF Ethvignot, T
Devlin, M
Drosg, R
Granier, T
Haight, RC
Morillon, B
Nelson, RO
O'Donnell, JM
Rochman, D
TI Prompt-fission-neutron average energy for U-238(n, f) from threshold to
200 MeV
SO PHYSICS LETTERS B
LA English
DT Article
DE neutron-induced fission; FIGARO; double time-of-flight technique; Los
Alamos model; Watt parametrization
ID SPECTRA; MODEL
AB Energy distributions of prompt neutrons in coincidence with fission induced on U-238 were measured for incident neutron energies up to 200 MeV The double time-of-flight technique was used to deduce incident and emitted neutron energies. The experimental average and standard deviations of the fission neutron spectra (FNS), for emitted neutron energies from 0.65 to 7.5 MeV, are reported. The results compare well to predictive calculations with the improved Los Alamos model below 20 MeV incident neutron energy. The observed dip at the opening of the second chance fission channel at 6 MeV is confirmed and analyzed. Above 20 MeV, the experimental results of the FNS are smaller than the calculated ones. At 50 MeV and higher, the data suggest a slight increase of the temperature and the kinetic energy of the fission fragments. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 DAM Ile France, Commissariat Energie Atom, F-91680 Bruyeres Le Chatel, France.
Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos Neutron Sci Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Ethvignot, T (reprint author), DAM Ile France, Commissariat Energie Atom, BP 12, F-91680 Bruyeres Le Chatel, France.
EM thierry.ethvignot@cea.fr
RI Devlin, Matthew/B-5089-2013;
OI Devlin, Matthew/0000-0002-6948-2154; Rochman,
Dimitri/0000-0002-5089-7034
NR 16
TC 30
Z9 30
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0370-2693
EI 1873-2445
J9 PHYS LETT B
JI Phys. Lett. B
PD NOV 27
PY 2003
VL 575
IS 3-4
BP 221
EP 228
DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2003.09.048
PG 8
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA 743MN
UT WOS:000186575800009
ER
PT J
AU Karliner, M
Lipkin, HJ
AF Karliner, M
Lipkin, HJ
TI A diquark-triquark model for the KN pentaquark
SO PHYSICS LETTERS B
LA English
DT Article
ID MAGNETIC-MOMENTS; SKYRME MODEL; MASSES; DECUPLET
AB We propose a model for the recently discovered Theta(+) exotic K N resonance as a novel kind of a pentaquark with an unusual color structure: a (3) over bar (c) ud diquark, coupled to 3(c) ud (s) over bar triquark in a relative P-wave. The state has J(P) = 1/2(+), I = 0 and is an antidecuplet of SU(3)(f). A rough mass estimate of this pentaquark is close to experiment. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Fac Exact Sci, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel.
Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Particle Phys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel.
Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Lab, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England.
RP Karliner, M (reprint author), Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Fac Exact Sci, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel.
NR 28
TC 240
Z9 242
U1 0
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0370-2693
J9 PHYS LETT B
JI Phys. Lett. B
PD NOV 27
PY 2003
VL 575
IS 3-4
BP 249
EP 255
DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2003.09.062
PG 7
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA 743MN
UT WOS:000186575800013
ER
PT J
AU Zaharia, S
Cheng, CZ
AF Zaharia, S
Cheng, CZ
TI Can an isotropic plasma pressure distribution be in force balance with
the T96 model field?
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE empirical models; plasma pressure; force balance; 3-D equilibrium
ID MAGNETOSPHERIC MAGNETIC-FIELD; ALIGNED CURRENTS; EULER POTENTIALS;
BIRKELAND CURRENTS; QUANTITATIVE MODELS; CURRENT SYSTEMS; AURORAL OVAL;
SHEET; QUIET; MAGNETOTAIL
AB In this paper we investigate how close the gradient force of an isotropic pressure distribution P can be in force balance with the magnetic (Lorentz) force in the T96 empirical model. The study leads to the conclusion that no isotropic pressure can be found in exact force balance with the magnetic field of the quiet time T96 model. The conclusion is derived from several analyses: ( 1) computing the loop integral of J x B from the model along a closed contour in the equatorial plane ( the integral should vanish if J x B = delP); (2) obtaining one-dimensional profiles for P on the Sun-Earth axis by integrating delP = J x B and comparing them with observations; and (3) decomposing J x B into gradient-free and curl-free terms (the former term would be zero in an exact equilibrium) and subsequently computing the two terms by solving a Poisson-like equation with constraints. Possible physical reasons for our finding that no P exists such that J x B = delP include small mass flows as well as nonisotropic ( and possibly even nongyrotropic) terms in the magnetospheric pressure tensor. While the lack of exact force balance with isotropic P will probably be not too serious for many situations, for some physical applications, such as the computation of Birkeland currents using the Vasyliunas relation, care must be exercised if one uses the model field in conjunction with isotropic pressure. Finally, we discuss possible ways of computing magnetospheric configurations in exact force balance with isotropic P by using empirical model fields as a starting point.
C1 Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663,MS D466, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM szaharia@lanl.gov; fcheng@pppl.gov
RI Cheng, Chio/K-1005-2014
NR 69
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9380
EI 2169-9402
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD NOV 26
PY 2003
VL 108
IS A11
AR 1412
DI 10.1029/2002JA009501
PG 16
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 749RQ
UT WOS:000186943000001
ER
PT J
AU Ji, N
Ostroverkhov, V
Lagugne-Labarthet, F
Shen, YR
AF Ji, N
Ostroverkhov, V
Lagugne-Labarthet, F
Shen, YR
TI Surface vibrational spectroscopy on shear-aligned
poly(tetrafluoroethylene) films
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID ORIENTED GROWTH; THIN; POLYTETRAFLUOROETHYLENE; RESOLUTION; MOLECULES;
SPECTRUM
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Shen, YR (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
NR 17
TC 18
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0002-7863
J9 J AM CHEM SOC
JI J. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD NOV 26
PY 2003
VL 125
IS 47
BP 14218
EP 14219
DI 10.1021/ja037964l
PG 2
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 745ZU
UT WOS:000186722200004
PM 14624537
ER
PT J
AU Nishiyama, Y
Sugiyama, J
Chanzy, H
Langan, P
AF Nishiyama, Y
Sugiyama, J
Chanzy, H
Langan, P
TI Crystal structure and hydrogen bonding system in cellulose 1(alpha),
from synchrotron X-ray and neutron fiber diffraction
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID NATIVE RAMIE CELLULOSE; C-13 NMR-SPECTRUM; I-ALPHA;
ELECTRON-DIFFRACTION; CELL-WALL; HALOCYNTHIA-PAPILLOSA; COMPLETE
ASSIGNMENT; VALONIA CELLULOSE; PACKING ANALYSIS; BETA
AB The crystal and molecular structure, together with the hydrogen-bonding system in cellulose I-alpha has been determined using atomic-resolution synchrotron and neutron diffraction data recorded from oriented fibrous samples prepared by aligning cellulose microcrystals from the cell wall of the freshwater alga Glaucocystis nostochinearum. The X-ray data were used to determine the C and O atom positions. The resulting structure is a one-chain triclinic unit cell with all glucosyl linkages and hydroxymethyl groups (tg) identical. However, adjacent sugar rings alternate in conformation giving the chain a cellobiosyl repeat. The chains organize in sheets packed in a "parallel-up" fashion. The positions of hydrogen atoms involved in hydrogen-bonding were determined from a Fourier-difference analysis using neutron diffraction data collected from hydrogenated and deuterated samples. The differences between the structure and hydrogen-bonding reported here for cellulose I-alpha and previously for cellulose I-beta provide potential explanations for the solid-state conversion of I-alpha --> I-beta and for the occurrence of two crystal phases in naturally occurring cellulose.
C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Agr & Life Sci, Dept Biomat Sci, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 113, Japan.
Kyoto Univ, Wood Res Inst, Uji, Kyoto 6110011, Japan.
Univ Grenoble 1, CNRS, Ctr Rech Macromol Vegetales, F-38041 Grenoble 9, France.
RP Langan, P (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RI Nishiyama, Yoshiharu/A-3492-2012; Chanzy, Henri/A-3526-2012; Langan,
Paul/N-5237-2015
OI Nishiyama, Yoshiharu/0000-0003-4069-2307; Langan,
Paul/0000-0002-0247-3122
NR 48
TC 633
Z9 654
U1 27
U2 250
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0002-7863
J9 J AM CHEM SOC
JI J. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD NOV 26
PY 2003
VL 125
IS 47
BP 14300
EP 14306
DI 10.1021/ja037055w
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 745ZU
UT WOS:000186722200045
PM 14624578
ER
PT J
AU Romig, AD
Dugger, MT
McWhorter, PJ
AF Romig, AD
Dugger, MT
McWhorter, PJ
TI Materials issues in microelectromechanical devices: science,
engineering, manufacturability and reliability
SO ACTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE MEMS; micromachines; reliability; friction; adhesion; stiction; wear;
manufacturability
ID SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYER; POLYCRYSTALLINE SILICON; MICROMECHANICAL
STRUCTURES; SINGLE-CRYSTAL; CRACK-GROWTH; DRY RELEASE; SURFACE;
POLYSILICON; ADHESION; FILMS
AB MicroElectroMechanical Systems (MEMS) technology offers considerable potential throughout the manufacturing sector, because of certain intrinsic advantages in terms of low cost, reliability, and small size. Relatively simple MEMS are used in applications ranging from automobile air bag sensors to electronic games. Considerably more complex devices have been designed for defense applications, for which government funding is available; however, the fledgling industry suffers from insufficient knowledge of materials physics at micrometer size and from the fact that currently commercialized MEMS devices are designed for specialized and rather disparate purposes, do not have a broad user base, and therefore have not generated industry standards or the design and process software that would be built upon those industry standards. In addition to industry standards, further advances in MEMS technology require a more complete understanding of the physics underlying performance and reliability. The first half of this paper reviews general issues related to fabrication and commercialization; the second half addresses the technical materials issues that relate to MEMS performance and reliability. (C) 2003 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
MEMX Inc, Albuquerque, NM 87109 USA.
RP Romig, AD (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
EM adromig@sandia.gov
NR 89
TC 104
Z9 113
U1 3
U2 35
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6454
EI 1873-2453
J9 ACTA MATER
JI Acta Mater.
PD NOV 25
PY 2003
VL 51
IS 19
BP 5837
EP 5866
DI 10.1016/S1359-6454(03)00440-3
PG 30
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 743ZF
UT WOS:000186603200009
ER
PT J
AU Jiles, DC
AF Jiles, DC
TI Recent advances and future directions in magnetic materials
SO ACTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Review
DE magnetic properties; hard magnets; magnetoresistance; magnetostriction;
soft magnets
ID COVERED AMORPHOUS WIRES; SHAPE-MEMORY ALLOYS; GIANT MAGNETOIMPEDANCE;
PERMANENT-MAGNETS; TUNNEL-JUNCTIONS; CRYSTALLIZATION BEHAVIOR; SPIN
VALVES; MAGNETOSTRICTIVE TRANSDUCERS; SATURATION MAGNETOSTRICTION;
NANOCRYSTALLINE MATERIALS
AB This paper reviews recent developments in four important categories of magnetic materials that are currently of topical interest: soft magnets, hard magnets, magnetomechanical and magnetoelectronic materials. For each category the various properties of prime interest are discussed, how these differ from one class to another, and how these properties can be controlled. Recent developments in materials are highlighted through the consideration of a few selected new magnetic materials which are at the leading edge of current research, including: amorphous magnetic fibers, nanocrystalline permanent magnet materials, ferromagnetic shape memory alloys and spintronic materials. (C) 2003 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Div Engn Phys & Math, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
RP Jiles, DC (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Div Engn Phys & Math, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
RI Jiles, David/H-9548-2012
NR 110
TC 220
Z9 234
U1 31
U2 211
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6454
J9 ACTA MATER
JI Acta Mater.
PD NOV 25
PY 2003
VL 51
IS 19
BP 5907
EP 5939
DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2003.08.011
PG 33
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 743ZF
UT WOS:000186603200012
ER
PT J
AU Hibbard, WR
Fullman, RL
Gschneidner, KA
AF Hibbard, WR
Fullman, RL
Gschneidner, KA
TI Acta Metallurgica, Inc./Acta Materialia, Inc. 1953-2002
SO ACTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
RP Gschneidner, KA (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, 255 Spedding Hall, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 4
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6454
J9 ACTA MATER
JI Acta Mater.
PD NOV 25
PY 2003
VL 51
IS 19
BP 6007
EP 6019
DI 10.1016/S1359-6454(03)00439-7
PG 13
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 743ZF
UT WOS:000186603200017
ER
PT J
AU Shin, DH
Nguyen, HH
Jancarik, J
Yokota, H
Kim, R
Kim, SH
AF Shin, DH
Nguyen, HH
Jancarik, J
Yokota, H
Kim, R
Kim, SH
TI Crystal structure of NusA from Thermotoga maritima and functional
implication of the N-terminal domain
SO BIOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID COLI RNA-POLYMERASE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; TRANSCRIPTION TERMINATION; GENE
PROTEIN; BINDING; ELONGATION; SIGMA(70); COMPLEX; ATPASE; SITE
AB We report the crystal structure of N-utilizing substance A protein (NusA) from Thermotoga maritima (TmNusA), a protein involved in transcriptional pausing, termination, and antitermination. TmNusA has an elongated rod-shaped structure consisting of an N-terminal domain (NTD, residues 1- 132) and three RNA binding domains (RBD). The NTD consists of two subdomains, the globular head and the helical body domains, that comprise a unique three-dimensional structure that may be important for interacting with RNA polymerase. The globular head domain possesses a high content of negatively charged residues that may interact with the positively charged flaplike domain of RNA polymerase. The helical body domain is composed of a three-helix bundle that forms a hydrophobic core with the aid of two neighboring beta-strands. This domain shows structural similarity with one of the helical domains of sigma(70) factor from Escherichia coli. One side of the molecular surface shows positive electrostatic potential suitable for nonspecific RNA interaction. The RBD is composed of one S I domain and two K-homology (KH) domains forming an elongated RNA binding surface. Structural comparison between TmNusA and Mycobacterium tuberculosis NusA reveals a possible hinge motion between NTD and RBD. In addition, a functional implication of the NTD in its interaction with RNA polymerase is discussed.
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Kim, SH (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM 62412]
NR 32
TC 28
Z9 28
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0006-2960
J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US
JI Biochemistry
PD NOV 25
PY 2003
VL 42
IS 46
BP 13429
EP 13437
DI 10.1021/bi035118h
PG 9
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 745NU
UT WOS:000186695400009
PM 14621988
ER
PT J
AU Ivanova, MI
Gingery, M
Whitson, LJ
Eisenberg, D
AF Ivanova, MI
Gingery, M
Whitson, LJ
Eisenberg, D
TI Role of the C-terminal 28 residues of beta 2-microglobulin in amyloid
fibril formation
SO BIOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID FORMATION IN-VITRO; PROTEIN STRUCTURES; BETA(2)-MICROGLOBULIN; PEPTIDE;
CONFORMATION; AGGREGATION; HEMODIALYSIS; FRAGMENTS; MUTATIONS; INSIGHTS
AB beta2microglobulin (beta2m) is the major protein component of the fibrillar amyloid deposits isolated from patients diagnosed with dialysis-related amyloidosis (DRA). While investigating the molecular mechanism of amyloid fibril formation by beta2m, we found that the beta2m C-terminal peptide of 28 residues (cbeta2m) itself forms amyloid fibrils. When viewed by electron microscopy, cbeta2m aggregates appear as elongated unbranched fibers, the morphology typical for amyloids. Cbeta2m fibers stain with Congo red and show apple-green birefringence in polarized light, characteristic of amyloids. The observation that the beta2m C-terminal fragment readily forms amyloid fibrils implies that beta2m amyloid fibril formation proceeds via interactions of amyloid forming segments, which become exposed when the beta2m subunit is partially unfolded.
C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
Univ Calif Los Angeles, US DOE, Inst Genom & Proteom, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
RP Eisenberg, D (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Box 951570, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM31299]
NR 34
TC 27
Z9 27
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0006-2960
J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US
JI Biochemistry
PD NOV 25
PY 2003
VL 42
IS 46
BP 13536
EP 13540
DI 10.1021/bi0301486
PG 5
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 745NU
UT WOS:000186695400021
PM 14622000
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, ET
Nagarajan, V
Zazubovich, V
Riley, K
Small, GJ
Parson, WW
AF Johnson, ET
Nagarajan, V
Zazubovich, V
Riley, K
Small, GJ
Parson, WW
TI Effects of ionizable residues on the absorption spectrum and initial
electron-transfer kinetics in the photosynthetic reaction center of
Rhodobacter sphaeroides
SO BIOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID RESONANCE STARK SPECTROSCOPY; BACTERIAL REACTION CENTERS; PRIMARY CHARGE
SEPARATION; MUTANT REACTION CENTERS; HOLE-BURNED SPECTRA;
RHODOPSEUDOMONAS-VIRIDIS; SPECIAL PAIR; PURPLE BACTERIA;
BACTERIOCHLOROPHYLL DIMER; ANTENNA COMPLEX
AB Effects of ionizable amino acids on spectroscopic properties and electron-transfer kinetics in the photosynthetic reaction center (RC) of Rhodobacter sphaeroides are investigated by site-directed mutations designed to alter the electrostatic environment of the bacteriochlorophyll dimer that serves as the photochemical electron donor (P). Arginine residues at homologous positions in the L and M subunits (L135 and M164) are changed independently: Arg L135 is replaced by Lys, Leu, Glu, and Gln and Arg M164 by Leu and Glu. Asp L155 also is mutated to Asn, Tyr L164 to Phe, and Cys L247 to Lys and Asp. The mutations at L 155, L 164, and M 164 have little effect on the absorption spectrum, whereas those at L135 and L247 shift the long-wavelength absorption band of P to higher energies. Fits to the ground-state absorption and hole-burned spectra indicate that the blue shift and increased width of the absorption band in the L135 mutants are due partly to changes in the distribution of energies for the zero-phonon absorption line and partly to stronger electron-phonon coupling. The initial electron-transfer kinetics are not changed significantly in most of the mutants, but the time constant increases from 3.0 +/- 0.2 in wildtype RCs to 4.7 +/- 0.2 in C(L247)D and 7.0 +/- 0.3 ps in C(L247)K. The effects of the mutations on the solvation free energies of the product of the initial electron-transfer reaction (P+BL-) and the charge-transfer states that contribute to the absorption spectrum (PL+PM- and PL-PM+) were calculated by using a distance-dependent electrostatic screening factor. The results are qualitatively in accord with the view that electrostatic interactions of the bacteriochlorophylls with ionized residues of the protein are strongly screened and make only minor contributions to the energetics and dynamics of charge separation. However, the slowing of electron transfer in the Cys L247 mutants and the blue shift of the spectrum in some of the Arg L135 and Cys L247 mutants cannot be explained consistently by electrostatic interactions of the mutated residues with P and B-L; we ascribe these effects tentatively to structural changes caused by the mutations.
C1 Univ Washington, Dept Biochem, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, USDOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
RP Parson, WW (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Biochem, Box 357350, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM08268]
NR 61
TC 12
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0006-2960
J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US
JI Biochemistry
PD NOV 25
PY 2003
VL 42
IS 46
BP 13673
EP 13683
DI 10.1021/bi035366d
PG 11
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 745NU
UT WOS:000186695400035
PM 14622014
ER
PT J
AU Huang, CS
Foster, JC
Reeves, GD
Le, G
Frey, HU
Pollock, CJ
Jahn, JM
AF Huang, CS
Foster, JC
Reeves, GD
Le, G
Frey, HU
Pollock, CJ
Jahn, JM
TI Periodic magnetospheric substorms: Multiple space-based and ground-based
instrumental observations
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE storm; substorm; periodic substorms; sawtooth injections
ID TRAVELING COMPRESSION REGIONS; GEOTAIL OBSERVATIONS; CURRENT DISRUPTION;
GEOSYNCHRONOUS ORBIT; MAGNETIC-FIELD; MAGNETOTAIL; PLASMA; RECONNECTION;
MODELS; ONSET
AB Quasi-periodic, sawtooth-like variations of energetic plasma particle fluxes are often measured at geosynchronous orbit during magnetic storms. The outstanding problems are whether the sawtooth flux variations represent particle injections from the tail to the inner magnetosphere, whether the sawtooth variations correspond to substorm onsets, and what mechanism is responsible for the generation of periodic particle injections ( or periodic substorms). In this paper, we present the measurements of multiple space-based and ground-based instruments in the magnetosphere and ionosphere during two magnetic storms. The Geotail satellite was located in the near tail between X-GSM = - 20 and - 30 R-E and detected periodic southward turnings of the magnetospheric magnetic field. The southward turnings of B-z are interpreted as the signature of periodic near-tail reconnection and plasmoid formations. Geosynchronous satellites measured periodic gradual dropouts and rapid increases of energetic charged fluxes and magnetic field dipolarization. The IMAGE satellite measured enhanced emissions of energetic neutral atoms in the ring current and auroral brightenings. The Canadian Auroral Network for the OPEN Program Unified Study's photometers measured intensifications and latitudinal motion of auroral emissions. The auroral electrojet index showed periodic increases. These magnetospheric and ionospheric phenomena have the same periodicity and indicate the occurrence of periodic substorms. There is an excellent correspondence among the substorm signatures from all the measurements. The results show that periodic magnetospheric substorms can indeed occur during continuous southward interplanetary magnetic field, and the mean period in these two cases is similar to 2.7 hours. The sawtooth variations of energetic plasma fluxes at geosynchronous orbit represent true particle injections from the tail to the inner magnetosphere. The sawtooth injections are related to the near-tail reconnection and correspond to the onsets of periodic substorms.
C1 MIT, Haystack Observ, Westford, MA 01886 USA.
Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Extraterr Phys Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
SW Res Inst, Dept Space Sci, San Antonio, TX 78228 USA.
RP Huang, CS (reprint author), MIT, Haystack Observ, Route 40, Westford, MA 01886 USA.
RI Le, Guan/C-9524-2012; Reeves, Geoffrey/E-8101-2011
OI Le, Guan/0000-0002-9504-5214; Reeves, Geoffrey/0000-0002-7985-8098
NR 43
TC 47
Z9 47
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0148-0227
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD NOV 25
PY 2003
VL 108
IS A11
AR 1411
DI 10.1029/2003JA009992
PG 17
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 749RN
UT WOS:000186942800001
ER
PT J
AU Cherouat, A
Saanouni, K
Hammi, Y
AF Cherouat, A
Saanouni, K
Hammi, Y
TI Improvement of forging process of a 3D complex part with respect to
damage occurrence
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE finite elastoplastic strain; ductile damage; finite element method;
spider forging
ID PROCESS SIMULATION; TOOLS
AB This work is devoted to the study of a numerical (FE-based) methodology developed in order to improve the cold 3D forging process with respect to the ductile damage occurrence. This methodology is based on advanced constitutive equations accounting for the "strong" coupling between the elastoplastic behavior, the mixed isotropic and kinematic hardening and the isotropic ductile damage. Both the mechanical and numerical aspects related to the associated initial and boundary values problem (IBVP) are briefly outlined. Application is made to be the cold forging of a 3D part (spider) by studying the influence of the material ductility as well as the friction nature between the part and the die on the damage occurrence. The proposed methodology is shown to be very useful and helpful when dealing with a "virtual" improvement of any forging processes with respect to damage occurrence. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Technol Troyes, GSM, LASMIS, EA 3171, F-10010 Troyes, France.
Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RP Cherouat, A (reprint author), Univ Technol Troyes, GSM, LASMIS, EA 3171, BP 2060, F-10010 Troyes, France.
NR 18
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0924-0136
J9 J MATER PROCESS TECH
JI J. Mater. Process. Technol.
PD NOV 25
PY 2003
VL 142
IS 2
BP 307
EP 317
DI 10.1016/S0924-0136(03)00580-6
PG 11
WC Engineering, Industrial; Engineering, Manufacturing; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA 739EN
UT WOS:000186330100002
ER
PT J
AU Stuecker, JN
Cesarano, J
Hirschfeld, DA
AF Stuecker, JN
Cesarano, J
Hirschfeld, DA
TI Control of the viscous behavior of highly concentrated mullite
suspensions for robocasting
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE ceramic; rapid prototyping; freeform fabrication; robocasting; rheology;
aqueous suspension
ID RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES; FREEFORM FABRICATION; ALUMINA SUSPENSIONS;
SILICON-NITRIDE; CERAMICS; POWDER
AB Aqueous-mullite suspensions stabilized with an organic polyelectrolyte dispersant were characterized in terms of settling and rheological behaviors at solids concentrations as high as 60 vol.% (within 3 vol.% of the maximum consolidated density). The suspensions were cast into parts by a solid freeform fabrication technique termed robocasting and qualitatively characterized in terms of build behavior. Sedimentation and viscometry data were interpreted in view of knowledge of the interparticle forces. Through control of suspension pH and counter-ion addition, pseudoplastic mullite suspensions were created for use in the robocasting process. The suspensions were robocast at 52 vol.% solids and dried to yield a consolidated density of 55 vol.%. After firing to 1650 degreesC, robocast parts were greater than 96% dense. (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier Science B.V.
C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Adv Mat Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Socorro, NM 87801 USA.
RP Stuecker, JN (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Adv Mat Lab, 1001 Univ Blvd SE, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
NR 26
TC 33
Z9 33
U1 0
U2 24
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0924-0136
J9 J MATER PROCESS TECH
JI J. Mater. Process. Technol.
PD NOV 25
PY 2003
VL 142
IS 2
BP 318
EP 325
DI 10.1016/S0924-0136(03)00586-7
PG 8
WC Engineering, Industrial; Engineering, Manufacturing; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA 739EN
UT WOS:000186330100003
ER
PT J
AU Dunphy, DR
Singer, S
Cook, AW
Smarsly, B
Doshi, DA
Brinker, CJ
AF Dunphy, DR
Singer, S
Cook, AW
Smarsly, B
Doshi, DA
Brinker, CJ
TI Aqueous stability of mesoporous silica films doped or grafted with
aluminum oxide
SO LANGMUIR
LA English
DT Article
ID PORE STRUCTURE CHARACTERIZATION; ORDERED HEXAGONAL STRUCTURE;
HYDROTHERMAL STABILITY; THIN-FILMS; MCM-41; ALUMINOSILICATES; AL;
FRAMEWORK; SENSORS; TEMPERATURES
AB Surfactant-templated silica thin films are potentially important materials for applications such as chemical sensing. However, a serious limitation for their use in aqueous environments is their poor hydrolytic stability. One convenient method of increasing the resistance of mesoporous silica to water degradation is addition of alumina, either doped into the pore walls during material synthesis or grafted onto the pore surface of preformed mesophases. Here, we compare these two routes to Al-modified mesoporous silica with respect to their effectiveness in decreasing the solubility of thin mesoporous silicate films. Direct synthesis of templated silica films prepared with Al/Si = 1:50 was found to limit film degradation, as measured by changes in film thickness, to less than 15% at near-neutral pH over a 1 week period. In addition to suppressing film dissolution, addition of Al can also cause structural changes in silica films templated with the nonionic surfactant Brij 56 (C16H33(OCH2CH2)(nsimilar to10)OH), including mesophase transformation, a decrease in accessible porosity, and an increase in structural disorder. The solubility behavior of films is also sensitive to their particular mesophase, with 3D phases (cubic, disordered) possessing less internal but more thickness stability than 2D phases (hexagonal), as determined with ellipsometric measurements. Finally, grafting of Al species onto the surface of surfactant-templated silica films also significantly increases aqueous stability, although to a lesser extent than the direct synthesis route.
C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Adv Mat Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA.
Univ New Mexico, Ctr Microengn Mat, Dept Chem & Nucl Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA.
RP Brinker, CJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Adv Mat Lab, 1001 Univ Blvd SE, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA.
RI Smarsly, Bernd/G-8514-2011
NR 51
TC 35
Z9 35
U1 1
U2 8
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0743-7463
J9 LANGMUIR
JI Langmuir
PD NOV 25
PY 2003
VL 19
IS 24
BP 10403
EP 10408
DI 10.1021/la035183s
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 745NJ
UT WOS:000186694500062
ER
PT J
AU Brenner, DJ
Doll, R
Goodhead, DT
Hall, EJ
Land, CE
Little, JB
Lubin, JH
Preston, DL
Preston, RJ
Puskin, JS
Ron, E
Sachs, RK
Samet, JM
Setlow, RB
Zaider, M
AF Brenner, DJ
Doll, R
Goodhead, DT
Hall, EJ
Land, CE
Little, JB
Lubin, JH
Preston, DL
Preston, RJ
Puskin, JS
Ron, E
Sachs, RK
Samet, JM
Setlow, RB
Zaider, M
TI Cancer risks attributable to low doses of ionizing radiation: Assessing
what we really know
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID ATOMIC-BOMB SURVIVORS; BREAST-CANCER; ADAPTIVE RESPONSE; 2ND
MALIGNANCIES; CHILDHOOD-CANCER; X-RAYS; MORTALITY; EXPOSURE; CELLS;
RATES
AB High doses of ionizing radiation clearly produce deleterious consequences in humans, including, but not exclusively, cancer induction. At very low radiation doses the situation is much less clear, but the risks of low-dose radiation are of societal importance in relation to issues as varied as screening tests for cancer, the future of nuclear power, occupational radiation exposure, frequent-flyer risks, manned space exploration, and radiological terrorism. We review the difficulties involved in quantifying the risks of low-dose radiation and address two specific questions. First, what is the lowest dose of x- or gamma-radiation for which good evidence exists of increased cancer risks in humans? The epidemiological data suggest that it is approximate to10-50 mSv for an acute exposure and approximate to50-100 mSv for a protracted exposure. Second, what is the most appropriate way to extrapolate such cancer risk estimates to still lower doses? Given that it is supported by experimentally grounded, quantifiable, biophysical arguments, a linear extrapolation of cancer risks from intermediate to very low doses currently appears to be the most appropriate methodology. This linearity assumption is not necessarily the most conservative approach, and it is likely that it will result in an underestimate of some radiation-induced cancer risks and an overestimate of others.
C1 Columbia Univ, Ctr Radiol Res, New York, NY 10032 USA.
Radcliffe Infirm, Clin Trial Serv Unit, Oxford OX2 6ME, England.
MRC, Radiat & Genome Stabil Unit, Didcot OX11 0RD, Oxon, England.
NCI, Radiat Epidemiol Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Radiobiol Lab, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
NCI, Biostat Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
Radiat Effects Res Fdn, Hiroshima 7320815, Japan.
US EPA, Div Environm Carcinogenesis, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
US EPA, Off Radiat & Indoor Air, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Math, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA.
Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Dept Med Phys, New York, NY 10021 USA.
RP Brenner, DJ (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Ctr Radiol Res, 630 W 168th St, New York, NY 10032 USA.
OI Zaider, Marco/0000-0002-5113-7862
NR 64
TC 770
Z9 804
U1 14
U2 73
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD NOV 25
PY 2003
VL 100
IS 24
BP 13761
EP 13766
DI 10.1073/pnas.2235592100
PG 6
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 747KN
UT WOS:000186803800007
PM 14610281
ER
PT J
AU Garcia, AE
Onuchic, JN
AF Garcia, AE
Onuchic, JN
TI Folding a protein in a computer: An atomic description of the
folding/unfolding of protein A
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID 3-HELIX BUNDLE PROTEIN; FREE-ENERGY; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS;
TRANSITION-STATE; HELICAL PROTEIN; HYDROGEN-BONDS; SIMULATION; PATHWAYS;
MODEL; DOMAIN
AB We study the folding mechanism of a three-helix bundle protein at atomic resolution, including effects of explicit water. Using replica exchange molecular dynamics we perform enough sampling over a wide range of temperatures to obtain the free energy, entropy, and enthalpy surfaces as a function of structural reaction coordinates. Simulations were started from different configurations covering the folded and unfolded states. Because many transitions between all minima at the free energy surface are observed, a quantitative determination of the free energy barriers and the ensemble of configurations associated with them is now possible. The kinetic bottlenecks for folding can be determined from the thermal ensembles of structures on the free energy barriers, provided the kinetically determined transition-state ensembles are similar to those determined from free energy barriers. A mechanism incorporating the interplay among backbone ordering, side-chain packing, and desolvation arises from these calculations. Large phi values arise not only from native contacts, which mostly form at the transition state, but also from contacts already present in the unfolded state that are partially destroyed at the transition.
C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Biol & Biophys Grp, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Univ Calif San Diego, Ctr Theoret Biol Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
RP Garcia, AE (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Biol & Biophys Grp, Div Theoret, T10 MS K710, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
NR 45
TC 267
Z9 272
U1 1
U2 21
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD NOV 25
PY 2003
VL 100
IS 24
BP 13898
EP 13903
DI 10.1073/pnas.2335541100
PG 6
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 747KN
UT WOS:000186803800030
PM 14623983
ER
PT J
AU Hagan, MF
Dinner, AR
Chandler, D
Chakraborty, AK
AF Hagan, MF
Dinner, AR
Chandler, D
Chakraborty, AK
TI Atomistic understanding of kinetic pathways for single base-pair binding
and unbinding in DNA
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID FREE-ENERGY; STATISTICAL-MECHANICS; RATE CONSTANTS; DYNAMICS;
HYBRIDIZATION; MODEL; DENATURATION; SIMULATIONS; PROTEIN; PROBES
AB We combine free-energy calculations and molecular dynamics to elucidate a mechanism for DNA base-pair binding and unbinding in atomic detail. Specifically, transition-path sampling is used to overcome computational limitations associated with conventional techniques to harvest many trajectories for the flipping of a terminal cytosine in a 3-bp oligomer in explicit water. Comparison with free-energy projections obtained with umbrella sampling reveals four coordinates that separate true dynamic transition states from stable reactant and product states. Unbinding proceeds via two qualitatively different pathways: one in which the flipping base breaks its intramolecular hydrogen bonds before it unstacks and another in which it ruptures both sets of interactions simultaneously. Both on- and off-pathway intermediates are observed. The relation of the results to coarse-grained models for DNA-based biosensors is discussed.
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Biophys Grad Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Chandler, D (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RI Hagan, Michael/N-2177-2014
OI Hagan, Michael/0000-0002-9211-2434
NR 33
TC 72
Z9 73
U1 0
U2 6
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD NOV 25
PY 2003
VL 100
IS 24
BP 13922
EP 13927
DI 10.1073/pnas.2036378100
PG 6
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 747KN
UT WOS:000186803800034
PM 14617777
ER
PT J
AU Nymeyer, H
Garcia, AE
AF Nymeyer, H
Garcia, AE
TI Simulation of the folding equilibrium of alpha-helical peptides: A
comparison of the generalized born approximation with explicit solvent
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; FREE-ENERGY LANDSCAPE; NORMAL-MODE
ANALYSIS; BETA-HAIRPIN; NUCLEIC-ACIDS; SOLVATION MODEL; MET-ENKEPHALIN;
HIV PROTEASE; WATER; PROTEINS
AB We compare simulations using the generalized Born/surface area (GB/SA) implicit solvent model with simulations using explicit solvent (transferable intermolecular potential 3 point, TIP3P) to test the GB/SA algorithm. We use the replica exchange molecular dynamics method to sample the conformational phase space of two a-helical peptides, A(21) and the F-s, by using two different classical potentials and both water models. We find that when using GB/SA: (i) A(21) is predicted to be more helical than the F-s peptide at all temperatures; (ii) the native structure of the F-s peptide is predicted to be a helical bundle instead of a single helix; and (iii) the persistence length and most probable end-to-end distance are too large in the unfolded state when compared against the explicit solvent simulations. We find that the potential of mean force in the phipsi plane is markedly different in the two solvents, making the two simulated peptides respond differently when the backbone torsions are perturbed. A fit of the temperature melting curves obtained in these simulations to a Lifson-Roig model finds that the GB/SA model has an unphysically large nucleation parameter, whereas the explicit solvent model produces values similar to experiment.
C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Theoret Biol & Biophys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Theoret Biol & Biophys Grp, T10 MS K710, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM axg@lanl.gov
NR 64
TC 208
Z9 212
U1 2
U2 16
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD NOV 25
PY 2003
VL 100
IS 24
BP 13934
EP 13939
DI 10.1073/pnas.2232868100
PG 6
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 747KN
UT WOS:000186803800036
PM 14617775
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, P
Vainola, H
Istratov, AA
Weber, ER
AF Zhang, P
Vainola, H
Istratov, AA
Weber, ER
TI Thermal stability of internal gettering of iron in silicon and its
impact on optimization of gettering
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID PRECIPITATION; TECHNOLOGY; WAFER
AB The redissolution behavior of gettered iron was studied in p-type Czochralski-grown silicon with a doping level of 2.5x10(14) cm(-3) and an oxide precipitate density of 5x10(9) cm(-3). The concentrations of interstitial iron and iron-boron pairs were measured by deep level transient spectroscopy. It was found that the dependence of redissolved iron concentration on annealing time can be fitted by the function C(t)=C-0[1-exp(-t/tau(diss))], and the dissolution rate tau(diss)(-1) has an Arrhenius-type temperature dependence of tau(diss)(-1)=4.01x10(4)xexp[-(1.47+/-0.10) eV/k(B)T] s(-1). Based on this empirical equation, we predict how stable the gettered iron is during different annealing sequences and discuss implications for optimization of internal gettering. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics.
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Helsinki Univ Technol, Electron Phys Lab, FIN-02015 Helsinki, Finland.
RP Zhang, P (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, MS 62R0203,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RI Savin, Hele/E-5155-2012
OI Savin, Hele/0000-0003-3946-7727
NR 15
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD NOV 24
PY 2003
VL 83
IS 21
BP 4324
EP 4326
DI 10.1063/1.1630158
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 744ZD
UT WOS:000186662000016
ER
PT J
AU Stach, EA
Radmilovic, V
Deshpande, D
Malshe, A
Alexander, D
Doerr, D
AF Stach, EA
Radmilovic, V
Deshpande, D
Malshe, A
Alexander, D
Doerr, D
TI Nanoscale surface and subsurface defects induced in lithium niobate by a
femtosecond laser
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID 3-DIMENSIONAL OPTICAL MEMORY; PULSE LASER; WAVE-GUIDES; UV LASER;
GRATINGS; ABLATION; GLASSES; SILICON; QUARTZ; TOOL
AB In this letter, electron and ion microscopy techniques have been used to characterize the changes that result when single crystals of lithium niobate are processed using a focused femtosecond laser. The prevailing observation is that of competing processes-ablation and partial redeposition, thermal shock, and extreme quenching, as well as effects associated with shock wave propagation, resulting in both amorphization and heavily defective regions at the focal point of the laser pulse. The observed microstructural defects have a direct implication in optical memory or waveguide writing, where the goal is to realize consistent structural features with uniform optical properties. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics.
C1 Univ Arkansas, Dept Mech Engn, SERC Durable Micro & Nano Syst, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Natl Ctr Electron Microscopy, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Nebraska, Ctr Electroopt, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA.
RP Malshe, A (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Dept Mech Engn, SERC Durable Micro & Nano Syst, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA.
EM apm2@engr.uark.edu
RI Stach, Eric/D-8545-2011
OI Stach, Eric/0000-0002-3366-2153
NR 25
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 0
U2 9
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD NOV 24
PY 2003
VL 83
IS 21
BP 4420
EP 4422
DI 10.1063/1.1629797
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 744ZD
UT WOS:000186662000048
ER
PT J
AU Chou, YS
Stevenson, JW
AF Chou, YS
Stevenson, JW
TI Phlogopite mica-based compressive seals for solid oxide fuel cells:
effect of mica thickness
SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
LA English
DT Article
DE phlogopite mica; solid oxide fuel cell; leak rates; thermal cycle
ID PROGRESS
AB Commercially available Phlogopite mica papers of varying thickness, similar to0.1, similar to0.2, and similar to0.5 mm, were evaluated as potential solid oxide fuel cell (SPFC) seal materials. The micas were tested in two forms: plain and hybrid. The hybrid form involved the addition of glass interlayers between the mica and the adjacent components. For each sample, about 30 thermal cycles were conducted and the 800degreesC leak rates were determined. The results showed an excellent thermal cycle stability of the Phlogopite micas in the hybrid design in that the leak rates remained almost constant after similar to10 cycles. In addition, the leak rate appeared to increase with increasing mica thickness in the hybrid design, but showed no thickness dependence for mica in the plain design. The Phlogopite micas also showed good mid-term (similar to500h) stability in both air and reducing environments. Microstructure characterization showed no distinct degradation such as fragmentation and particle formation after thermal cycle and the mid-term stability tests. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Mat Resource Dept, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Chou, YS (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Mat Resource Dept, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
NR 7
TC 27
Z9 29
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0378-7753
J9 J POWER SOURCES
JI J. Power Sources
PD NOV 24
PY 2003
VL 124
IS 2
BP 473
EP 478
DI 10.1016/S0378-7753(03)00805-X
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials
Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science
GA 750XL
UT WOS:000187023700012
ER
PT J
AU Kesapragada, SV
Bhaduri, SB
Bhaduri, S
Singh, P
AF Kesapragada, SV
Bhaduri, SB
Bhaduri, S
Singh, P
TI Densification of LSGM electrolytes using activated microwave sintering
SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Sr- and M-doped lanthanum gallate (LSGM); solid oxide fuel cells
(SOFCs); yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ)
ID ION CONDUCTOR LA0.9SR0.1GA0.8MG0.2O3-X; DOPED LANTHANUM GALLATE;
MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; LAGAO3 PEROVSKITE; OXIDE; MAGNESIUM; STRONTIUM
AB Lanthanum gallate doped with alkaline rare earths (LSGM) powders were densified using an activated microwave sintering process for developing a dense stable electrolyte layer for applications in intermediate temperature-solid oxide fuel cells (IT-SOFCs). Due to heat generation in situ, the process of sintering gets activated with faster kinetics compared to a conventional sintering process. The effect of various microwave process parameters on the microstructure and phase formation was studied. The sintered pellets were characterized using scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive analysis (SEM-EDAX), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The density of LSGM pellets microwave sintered at 1350degreesC for 20 min is greater than 95% theoretical density with a fine grained microstructure (similar to2-3 mum) and without the presence of other phase(s). (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Clemson Univ, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.
Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Troy, NY 12180 USA.
Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Bhaduri, S (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.
RI pelosato, renato/E-9950-2010; Singh, Prabhakar/M-3186-2013
NR 16
TC 17
Z9 23
U1 3
U2 10
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0378-7753
J9 J POWER SOURCES
JI J. Power Sources
PD NOV 24
PY 2003
VL 124
IS 2
BP 499
EP 504
DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2003.06.002
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials
Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science
GA 750XL
UT WOS:000187023700015
ER
PT J
AU Zaghib, K
Song, X
Guerfi, A
Kostecki, R
Kinoshita, K
AF Zaghib, K
Song, X
Guerfi, A
Kostecki, R
Kinoshita, K
TI Effect of particle morphology on lithium intercalation rates in natural
graphite
SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
LA English
DT Article
DE lithium intercalation; natural graphite; particle size
ID CARBON ANODE MATERIALS; ION BATTERIES; IRREVERSIBLE CAPACITY; ELECTRODE;
SIZE; PERFORMANCE; DISCHARGE; ELECTROCHEMISTRY; TEMPERATURE; DIFFUSION
AB The intercalation rate of Li+-ions in flake natural graphite (two-dimensional) with particle size from 2 to 40 mum and sphere-like graphite (three-dimensional), 12 to 40 mum in particle size, was investigated. The amount of Li+ ions that intercalate at different rates was determined from measurement of the reversible capacity during de-intercalation in 1 M LiClO4/1:1 (volume ratio) ethylene carbonate-dimethyl carbonate. The key issues in this study are the role of the particle size and fraction of edge sites on the rate of intercalation and de-intercalation of Li+ ions. At low specific current (15.5 mA/g carbon), the composition of lithiated graphite approaches the theoretical value, x = 1 in LixC6, except for the natural graphite with the largest particle size. However, x decreases with an increase in specific current for all particle sizes. This trend suggests that slow solid-state diffusion of Li+ ions limits the intercalation capacity in graphite. The 3D natural graphite with a particle size of 12 mum may provide the optimum combination of reversible capacity and irreversible capacity loss in the electrolyte and discharge rates used in this study. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Inst Rech Hydro Quebec, IREQ, Varennes, PQ J3X 1S1, Canada.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Zaghib, K (reprint author), Inst Rech Hydro Quebec, IREQ, 1800 Boul Lionel Boulet, Varennes, PQ J3X 1S1, Canada.
NR 25
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 2
U2 30
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0378-7753
J9 J POWER SOURCES
JI J. Power Sources
PD NOV 24
PY 2003
VL 124
IS 2
BP 505
EP 512
DI 10.1016/S0378-7753(03)00801-2
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials
Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science
GA 750XL
UT WOS:000187023700016
ER
PT J
AU Kang, SH
Amine, K
AF Kang, SH
Amine, K
TI Synthesis and electrochemical properties of layer-structured
0.5Li(Ni0.5Mn0.5)O-2-0.5Li(Li1/3Mn2/3)O-2 solid mixture
SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Li-ion secondary batteries; layered structure; Li(Li,Ni,Mn)O-2;
quenching
ID LITHIUM SECONDARY BATTERIES; RAY-ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY; SITU X-RAY;
CATHODE MATERIALS; OXYGEN CONTRIBUTION; MANGANESE OXIDES; CO;
LICO0.5NI0.5O2; DIFFRACTION; CAPACITY
AB A 1: 1 mixture of electrochemically active Li(Ni0.5Mn0.5)O-2 and electrochemically inactive Li(Li1/3Mn2/3)O-2, i.e. Li(Li1/3Mn2/3)O-2, i.e. Li(Li0.17Ni0.25Mn0.58)O-2, has been synthesized by a sol-gel method. The mixture was calcined at 900 degreesC in air for 24 h and cooled at three different rates: quenched into liquid nitrogen, 2 degreesC/min, and 0.5 degreesC/min. It was found that the crystallographic structure and electrochemical properties of Li(Li0.17Ni0.25Mn0.58)O-2 highly depend on the cooling rate. The sample quenched into liquid nitrogen exhibited a long irreversible plateau at ca. 4.5 V during the first charge, and the discharge capacity gradually increased from 170 to 210 mAh/g after 40 cycles. The samples cooled at slower rates exhibited more monoclinic character and cubic spinel phase was observed; they showed no plateaus at 4.5 V during the first charge and the discharge capacities also gradually increased from 80 and 55 mAh/g to 130 and 85 mAh/g for 2 and 0.5 degreesC/min-cooled samples, respectively. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem Engn, Electrochem Technol Program, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Kang, SH (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem Engn, Electrochem Technol Program, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RI Kang, Sun-Ho/E-7570-2010; Amine, Khalil/K-9344-2013
NR 19
TC 72
Z9 82
U1 2
U2 24
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0378-7753
J9 J POWER SOURCES
JI J. Power Sources
PD NOV 24
PY 2003
VL 124
IS 2
BP 533
EP 537
DI 10.1016/S0378-7753(03)00804-8
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials
Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science
GA 750XL
UT WOS:000187023700020
ER
PT J
AU Bloom, I
Jones, SA
Battaglia, VS
Henriksen, GL
Christophersen, JP
Wright, RB
Ho, CD
Belt, JR
Motloch, CG
AF Bloom, I
Jones, SA
Battaglia, VS
Henriksen, GL
Christophersen, JP
Wright, RB
Ho, CD
Belt, JR
Motloch, CG
TI Effect of cathode composition on capacity fade, impedance rise and power
fade in high-power, lithium-ion cells
SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
LA English
DT Article
DE capacity fade; impedance rise; power fade
ID CALENDAR-LIFE; CYCLE-LIFE; BATTERIES
AB We tested the effect of Al concentration on the performance of lithium-ion cells. One set of cells contained a LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2 cathode and the other, LiNi0.8Co0.10Al0.10O2. The cells were calendar- and cycle-life tested at several temperatures, with periodic interruptions for reference performance tests that were used to gauge capacity and power fade as a function of time.
The C-1/25 capacity fade in the cells displayed t(1/2) dependence. The capacity fade of the 10% Al-doped cells tested at 45 degreesC was similar to that of the 5% Al-doped cells at 25 degreesC. The impedance rise and power fade were also sensitive to the Al concentration. For the one common temperature investigated (i.e., 45 degreesC), the 10% Al-doped cells displayed higher impedance rise and power fade than the 5% Al-doped cells. Additionally, the time dependence of the impedance rise displayed two distinct kinetic regimes; the initial portion depended on t(1/2) and the final, on t. On the other hand, the 10% Al-doped cells depended on t(1/2) only. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Electrochem Technol Program, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
RP Bloom, I (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Electrochem Technol Program, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
NR 21
TC 46
Z9 51
U1 7
U2 68
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0378-7753
J9 J POWER SOURCES
JI J. Power Sources
PD NOV 24
PY 2003
VL 124
IS 2
BP 538
EP 550
DI 10.1016/S0378-7753(03)00806-1
PG 13
WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials
Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science
GA 750XL
UT WOS:000187023700021
ER
PT J
AU Gambino, P
Gorbahn, M
Haisch, U
AF Gambino, P
Gorbahn, M
Haisch, U
TI Anomalous dimension matrix for radiative and rare semileptonic B decays
up to three loops
SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B
LA English
DT Article
ID LEADING QCD CORRECTIONS; THOOFT-VELTMAN SCHEMES; PHOTON ENERGY-SPECTRUM;
STANDARD MODEL; EVANESCENT OPERATORS; VIRTUAL CORRECTIONS; B->S-GAMMA
DECAY; BRANCHING RATIO; BETA-FUNCTIONS; MESON DECAY
AB We compute the complete O(alpha(s)(2)) anomalous dimension matrix relevant for the b --> sgamma, b --> sg and b --> sl(+)l(-) transitions in the standard model and some of its extensions. For radiative decays we confirm the results of Misiak and Munz, and of Chetyrkin, Misiak and Munz. The O(alpha(s)(2)) mixing of four-quark into semileptonic operators is instead a new result and represents one of the last missing ingredients of the next-to-next-to-leading-order analysis of rare semileptonic B meson decays. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 CERN, Div Theory, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland.
Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Dept Theoret Phys, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
RP Gambino, P (reprint author), CERN, Div Theory, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland.
EM paolo.gambino@cern.ch
OI Gambino, Paolo/0000-0002-7433-4914
NR 99
TC 91
Z9 92
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0550-3213
J9 NUCL PHYS B
JI Nucl. Phys. B
PD NOV 24
PY 2003
VL 673
IS 1-2
BP 238
EP 262
DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2003.09.024
PG 25
WC Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA 743PR
UT WOS:000186583200009
ER
PT J
AU Choi, DI
Wu, B
AF Choi, DI
Wu, B
TI To detect the looped Bloch bands of Bose-Einstein condensates in optical
lattices
SO PHYSICS LETTERS A
LA English
DT Article
ID ATOMS; SUPERFLUID
AB A loop structure was predicted to exist in the Bloch bands of Bose-Einstein condensates in optical lattices recently in [Phys. Rev. A 61 (2000) 023402]. We discuss how to detect experimentally the looped band with an accelerating optical lattice through extensive and realistic numerical simulations. We find that the loop can be detected through observing either nonlinear Landau-Zener tunneling or destruction of Bloch oscillations. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Space Res Assoc, Seabrook, MD 20706 USA.
NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, High Energy Astrophys Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
Univ Texas, Dept Phys, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Choi, DI (reprint author), Univ Space Res Assoc, 7501 Forbes Blvd 206, Seabrook, MD 20706 USA.
RI Wu, Biao/B-3329-2008
OI Wu, Biao/0000-0001-9229-5894
NR 22
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0375-9601
J9 PHYS LETT A
JI Phys. Lett. A
PD NOV 24
PY 2003
VL 318
IS 6
BP 558
EP 563
DI 10.1016/j.physleta.2003.09.066
PG 6
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 747PH
UT WOS:000186812900011
ER
PT J
AU Berman, GP
Gorshkov, VN
Tsifrinovich, VI
AF Berman, GP
Gorshkov, VN
Tsifrinovich, VI
TI Random spin signal in magnetic resonance force microscopy
SO PHYSICS LETTERS A
LA English
DT Article
ID RELAXATION
AB We study a random magnetic resonance force microscopy (MRFM) signal caused by the thermal vibrations of high frequency cantilever modes in the oscillating cantilever-driven adiabatic reversals (OSCAR) technique. We show that the regular MRFM signal with a characteristic decay time, tau(m), is followed by a non-dissipative random signal with a characteristic time tau(r). We present the estimates for the values of tau(m) and tau(r). We argue that this random MRFM signal can be used for spin detection. It has a "signature" of a sharp peak in its Fourier spectrum. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Clarkson Univ, Dept Phys, Potsdam, NY 13699 USA.
Polytech Inst New York, IDS Dept, Brooklyn, NY 11201 USA.
RP Berman, GP (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RI Gorshkov, Vyacheslav/J-3329-2015
OI Gorshkov, Vyacheslav/0000-0002-7700-5649
NR 8
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0375-9601
J9 PHYS LETT A
JI Phys. Lett. A
PD NOV 24
PY 2003
VL 318
IS 6
BP 584
EP 591
DI 10.1016/j.physleta.2003.09.055
PG 8
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 747PH
UT WOS:000186812900016
ER
PT J
AU Gallagher, MC
Fyfield, MS
Bumm, LA
Cowin, JP
Joyce, SA
AF Gallagher, MC
Fyfield, MS
Bumm, LA
Cowin, JP
Joyce, SA
TI Structure of ultrathin MgO films on Mo(001)
SO THIN SOLID FILMS
LA English
DT Article
DE scanning tunneling microscopy; surface structure; morphology; roughness;
topography; magnesium oxides; surface defects
ID IMPACT ELECTRON SPECTROSCOPIES; REFLECTION-ABSORPTION-SPECTROSCOPY;
SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; ULTRAVIOLET PHOTOELECTRON; THIN-FILMS;
WATER; ADSORPTION; MGO(100); SURFACE; MO(100)
AB We have studied the structure of ultrathin MgO films grown on a single crystal Mo(001) surface. Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and low energy electron diffraction (LEED) were used to investigate the effect of substrate temperature and oxygen partial pressure on the growth and morphology of these films. LEED indicates the growth of (100) films with MgO (110) directions oriented along (100) directions of the substrate. Despite the insulating nature of bulk MgO, films up to 25-Angstrom thick are sufficiently conducting to perform STM measurements. STM reveals Mg deposition in an oxygen ambient at substrate temperatures from 300 to 900 K produces uniform films. Films as thick as eight atomic layers typically have only three layers exposed. These films consist of small domains between 20 and 60 Angstrom in diameter. The domain shapes are random and the perimeters show no preferred orientation. In contrast, films grown at temperatures in excess of 1000 K exhibit larger three-dimensional MgO islands (Volmer-Weber growth). Steps on these high temperature films orient preferentially along thermodynamically favored MgO <100> directions. STM images of films deposited at high temperature exhibit a checkerboard pattern. The dimensions and symmetry of this pattern are consistent with the coincidence arising from the mismatch of the MgO(100) and Mo(001) lattice. Annealing room temperature deposited films results in island coalescence and produces uniform films with domains in excess of 100 A. The perimeters of these domains are oriented along MgO (100) directions. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Gallagher, MC (reprint author), Lakehead Univ, Dept Phys, 955 Oliver Rd, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada.
RI Bumm, Lloyd/B-5738-2011; Joyce, Stephen/Q-7804-2016
OI Joyce, Stephen/0000-0003-1330-7362
NR 17
TC 31
Z9 31
U1 3
U2 20
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0040-6090
J9 THIN SOLID FILMS
JI Thin Solid Films
PD NOV 24
PY 2003
VL 445
IS 1
BP 90
EP 95
DI 10.1016/j.tsf.2003.09.016
PG 6
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings &
Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA 745DY
UT WOS:000186674900014
ER
PT J
AU Gok, R
Sandvol, E
Turkelli, N
Seber, D
Barazangi, M
AF Gok, R
Sandvol, E
Turkelli, N
Seber, D
Barazangi, M
TI Sn attenuation in the Anatolian and Iranian plateau and surrounding
regions
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID SEISMIC-WAVE PROPAGATION; TURKEY
AB [1] The propagation characteristics of the regional Sn shear waves have been mapped to provide insight into the lithospheric structure of the Anatolian and Iranian plateau and the surrounding regions. Thousands of regional earthquakes within the distance range of 2-15 degrees were recorded by broadband and short period stations located in Turkey and nearby regions, especially new data recorded by 29 broadband stations in the Eastern Turkey Seismic Experiment network. The propagation efficiencies of Sn were determined visually using their amplitude and fre-quency content. Attenuation maps were then tomographically constructed using the observed propagation efficiencies. Our results confirm that Sn propagates efficiently in the uppermost mantle beneath the Mediterranean Sea, the Black Sea, and the Caspian Sea and along the Zagros fold and thrust belt. Sn is not observed in eastern Turkey, northwestern Iran, or central Anatolia. In contrast to previous available studies, this study considerably improved the mapped location of the boundaries between the zones of efficient and attenuated Sn. Our results are best explained by an absence of lithospheric mantle, or the presence of thin and hot lithospheric mantle beneath most of the Anatolian and Iranian plateau.
C1 Univ Missouri, Dept Geol Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
Cornell Univ, Inst Study Continents, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
RP Gok, R (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RI Gok, Rengin/O-6639-2014
NR 12
TC 73
Z9 73
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD NOV 22
PY 2003
VL 30
IS 24
AR 8042
DI 10.1029/2003GL018020
PG 4
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 749BG
UT WOS:000186898300001
ER
PT J
AU Heske, C
Groh, U
Fuchs, O
Weinhardt, L
Umbach, E
Schedel-Niedrig, T
Fischer, CH
Lux-Steiner, MC
Zweigart, S
Niesen, TP
Karg, F
AF Heske, C
Groh, U
Fuchs, O
Weinhardt, L
Umbach, E
Schedel-Niedrig, T
Fischer, CH
Lux-Steiner, MC
Zweigart, S
Niesen, TP
Karg, F
TI Monitoring chemical reactions at a liquid-solid interface: Water on
CuIn(S,Se)(2) thin film solar cell absorbers
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID ELECTRICAL-PROPERTIES; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; NA; SPECTROSCOPY;
CU(IN,GA)SE-2; SURFACES; IMPURITIES; CUINSE2
AB The chemical and electronic structure of the interface between liquid water and a CuIn(S,Se)(2) thin film surface was studied with synchrotron-based, high energy-resolution soft x-ray emission spectroscopy (XES). By probing the local environment around the sulfur atoms, an x-ray-induced sulfate formation at the CuIn(S,Se)(2) surface can be monitored, correlated with a substantial enhancement of sodium impurity atoms from the CuIn(S,Se)(2) film and its glass substrate. The results demonstrate that, with XES, an experimental probe is available to in situ study chemical reactions at liquid-solid interfaces or at surfaces in a high-pressure gas environment in a chemically sensitive and atom-specific way. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics.
C1 Univ Wurzburg, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany.
Hahn Meitner Inst Berlin GmbH, D-14109 Berlin, Germany.
Shell Solar GmbH, D-81739 Munich, Germany.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Luxel Corp, Friday Harbor, WA 98250 USA.
RP Heske, C (reprint author), Univ Wurzburg, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany.
RI Weinhardt, Lothar/G-1689-2013
NR 22
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 1
U2 12
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD NOV 22
PY 2003
VL 119
IS 20
BP 10467
EP 10470
DI 10.1063/1.1627328
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 743CH
UT WOS:000186554500001
ER
PT J
AU Liu, P
Rodriguez, JA
AF Liu, P
Rodriguez, JA
TI Interaction of sulfur dioxide with titanium-carbide nanoparticles and
surfaces: A density functional study
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID TRANSITION-METAL SURFACES; AB-INITIO SCF; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE;
METALLOCARBOHEDRENES M8C12; NANOCRYSTAL TI14C13; POPULATION ANALYSIS;
ADSORPTION; SO2; CHEMISTRY; MOLECULES
AB In the control of environmental pollution, metal carbides are potentially useful for trapping and destroying sulfur dioxide (SO2). In the present study, the density functional theory was employed to study the surface structures and electronic properties of the adsorbed SO2 on titanium carbides: metcar Ti8C12, nanocrystal Ti14C13, and a bulk TiC(001) surface. The geometries and orientations of SO2 were fully optimized on all these substrates. Our calculations show that, in spite of the high C/Ti ratio and C-2 groups, metcar Ti8C12 exhibits extremely high activity towards SO2. The S-O bonds of SO2 spontaneously break on Ti8C12. The products of the decomposition reaction (S,O) interact simultaneously with Ti and C sites. The C atoms are not simple spectators, and their participation in the dissociation of SO2 is a key element for the energetics of this process. Nanocrystal Ti14C13 also displays a strong interaction with SO2. Although the dissociation of SO2 on Ti14C13 cannot proceed as easily as that on T(i)8C(12), it could occur by thermal activation even at very low temperature. SO2 is weakly bonded with the bulk TiC(001) surface. By thermal activation the dissociation of SO2 on a TiC(001) surface may also take place but it should be much more difficult than that on Ti14C13. Therefore, we suggest that the carbide nanoparticles (Ti8C12 and Ti14C13) should have special chemical activity towards SO2 removal associated with their "magic'' structures. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics.
C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Rodriguez, JA (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
NR 75
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 1
U2 6
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD NOV 22
PY 2003
VL 119
IS 20
BP 10895
EP 10903
DI 10.1063/1.1619945
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 743CH
UT WOS:000186554500048
ER
PT J
AU Jung, YS
Shao, YH
Gordon, MS
Doren, DJ
Head-Gordon, M
AF Jung, YS
Shao, YH
Gordon, MS
Doren, DJ
Head-Gordon, M
TI Are both symmetric and buckled dimers on Si-(100) minima? Density
functional and multireference perturbation theory calculations
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; MOLECULAR-ORBITAL METHODS; AB-INITIO
CLUSTER; SI(001) SURFACE; SI(100) SURFACE; ELECTRON-DIFFRACTION;
ASYMMETRIC DIMERS; PHASE-TRANSITION; ATOMIC GEOMETRY; RECONSTRUCTION
AB We report a spin-unrestricted density functional theory (DFT) solution at the symmetric dimer structure for cluster models of Si(100). With this solution, it is shown that the symmetric structure is a minimum on the DFT potential energy surface, although higher in energy than the buckled structure. In restricted DFT calculations the symmetric structure is a saddle point connecting the two buckled minima. To further assess the effects of electron correlation on the relative energies of symmetric versus buckled dimers on Si(100), multireference second order perturbation theory (MRMP2) calculations are performed on these DFT optimized minima. The symmetric structure is predicted to be lower in energy than the buckled structure via MRMP2, while the reverse order is found by DFT. The implications for recent experimental interpretations are discussed. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics.
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
Univ Delaware, Dept Chem & Biochem, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
RP Head-Gordon, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM mhg@bastille.cchem.berkeley.edu
RI Jung, Yousung/D-1676-2010
OI Jung, Yousung/0000-0003-2615-8394
NR 50
TC 39
Z9 39
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
EI 1089-7690
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD NOV 22
PY 2003
VL 119
IS 20
BP 10917
EP 10923
DI 10.1063/1.1620994
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 743CH
UT WOS:000186554500051
ER
PT J
AU Zhou, XY
Tsurutani, BT
Reeves, G
Rostoker, G
Sun, W
Ruohoniemi, JM
Kamide, Y
Lui, ATY
Parks, GK
Gonzalez, WD
Arballo, JK
AF Zhou, XY
Tsurutani, BT
Reeves, G
Rostoker, G
Sun, W
Ruohoniemi, JM
Kamide, Y
Lui, ATY
Parks, GK
Gonzalez, WD
Arballo, JK
TI Ring current intensification and convection-driven negative bays:
Multisatellite studies
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE ring current intensification; magnetic storm; storm-substorm
relationship; auroras during storm and substorms; solar
wind-magnetosphere coupling
ID UV AURORAL DISTRIBUTION; FIELD-ALIGNED CURRENT; BURSTY BULK FLOWS;
MAGNETOSPHERIC SUBSTORMS; MAGNETIC STORMS; PLASMA SHEET; GEOMAGNETIC
STORMS; MAGNETOTAIL; DST; ONSET
AB [1] The original view on the cause of ring current intensifications was a frequent occurrence of intense substorm expansion phases. Results from many studies have supported this view. However, whether this is the only mechanism of ring current buildup has been a controversy. Kamide [ 1992] asserted that ring current intensification is due to "sustained, southward IMF, not because of frequent occurrence of intense substorms.'' Lui et al. [ 2001] have shown that the ring current can be intensified during enhanced convection without substorm occurrence. Tsurutani et al. [ 2003] have found that there was a lack of substorm expansion phases for long periods of time ( up to 7 hours) in 5 out of 11 storm main phases ( in 1997) that were induced by the smoothly varying B-z component of the interplanetary magnetic field ( IMF) within interplanetary magnetic clouds. In this paper, a relatively weak magnetic storm event ( with minimum SYM-H at - 47 nT) that occurred on 15 July 1997 is studied using ground-based magnetograms, polar cap potentials from Super Dual Auroral Radar Network, and Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) geosynchronous energetic particle data as well as the Polar UV imaging ( for aurorae) and Wind ( for the solar wind) data. It is shown that during the storm main phase, there was a lack of substorm expansion phase activity ( from imaging and the ground-based data) and a lack of energetic particle injections at the geostationary orbit. The most prominent auroral forms were north-south aligned auroral patches and torches. Dawn and dusk aurorae were more intense than the aurorae near midnight, where auroral gaps occurred. In addition, this paper shows that there was a significant directly driven activity during the storm main phase when the IMF was continually southward. We argue that during this event the ring current intensification was more strongly associated with enhanced magnetospheric convection than with impulsive energy unloading. Three scenarios are suggested to explain the relatively low intensity of the magnetic storm induced by a magnetic cloud. They are ( 1) weak nightside auroral zone ionospheric ion outflows ( due to lack of substorms), ( 2) choked penetration of the tail plasma flow ( due to lack of substorms), and ( 3) retarded magnetospheric convection ( due to reduced solar wind-magnetosphere reconnection). The observed saturation of the polar cap potential drop is in support of this latter mechanism.
C1 CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Univ Alberta, Fac Sci, Avadh Bhatia Phys Lab 412, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2J1, Canada.
Univ Alaska, Inst Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA.
Nagoya Univ, Solar Terr Environm Lab, Aichi 442, Japan.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Inst Nacl Pesquisas Espaciais, BR-12201970 Sao Paulo, Brazil.
RP Zhou, XY (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RI Reeves, Geoffrey/E-8101-2011
OI Reeves, Geoffrey/0000-0002-7985-8098
NR 75
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0148-0227
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD NOV 22
PY 2003
VL 108
IS A11
AR 1407
DI 10.1029/2003JA009881
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 749CD
UT WOS:000186900300004
ER
PT J
AU Stangeby, PC
AF Stangeby, PC
TI On the relative roles of neutral transport and plasma transport in the
formation of the density pedestal in magnetically confined plasmas
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID ALCATOR C-MOD; SCRAPE-OFF LAYER; DIII-D; TOKAMAK; TURBULENCE; ASDEX;
DISCHARGES; PARTICLE; LIMIT
AB Currently, a much discussed question regarding the characteristic features of the plasma density radial profile-the 'pedestal'-existing at or just inside the magnetic separatrix it, tokamaks-is whether the neutral or plasma transport in that region is more controlling. In actual tokamak conditions, the neutral transport is generally quite complicated geometrically, making it difficult to understand the relative roles of plasma and neutral transport. Here, therefore, we consider a quite simplified configuration-one-dimensional slab geometry-in order to elucidate the essential aspects of the problem. It is found here, for the assumption of diffusive cross-field plasma transport, that simple quasi-one-dimensional modelling indicates that the spatial distribution of ionization of the recycling hydrogen neutral particles in the pedestal region, i.e. neutral transport, plays a strong role. It is also found, however, that the influence of plasma transport-specifically the effect of a 'transport barrier' just inside the separatrix where D-perpendicular to(r) varies rapidly-can also play a significant role. It is found that a third-and roughly equally important-influence on the shape of the density profile inside the separatrix is the value of the density decay length outside the separatrix, lambda(SOL), which enters as an important boundary condition of the problem; it is therefore important to know the relationship, e.g. from experiment, between lambda(SOL) and the pedestal density, n(ped), and to include that in the analysis. This paper ends with a discussion of what is required to analyse an actual tokamak plasma configuration. When undertaking the full three-dimensional interpretive analysis of a specific discharge condition in a specific tokamak, if the neutral transport-i.e. the spatial distribution of the ionization-can be accurately modelled in detail, and if the boundary condition information is available as input from the experimental data, then it should be possible to extract information on D-perpendicular to and its spatial variation near the separatrix from detailed particle-balance analysis of the density profile.
C1 Univ Toronto, Inst Aerosp Studies, Toronto, ON M3H 5T6, Canada.
Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA.
Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RP Stangeby, PC (reprint author), Univ Toronto, Inst Aerosp Studies, 4925 Dufferin St, Toronto, ON M3H 5T6, Canada.
NR 27
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 2
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0022-3727
J9 J PHYS D APPL PHYS
JI J. Phys. D-Appl. Phys.
PD NOV 21
PY 2003
VL 36
IS 22
BP 2784
EP 2797
AR PII S0022-3727(03)59684-X
DI 10.1088/0022-3727/36/22/004
PG 14
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 752TD
UT WOS:000187182500006
ER
PT J
AU Keenan, FP
Katsiyannis, AC
Reid, RHG
Pradhan, AK
Zhang, HL
Widing, KG
AF Keenan, FP
Katsiyannis, AC
Reid, RHG
Pradhan, AK
Zhang, HL
Widing, KG
TI Extreme ultraviolet emission lines of Ar xiv in solar active region and
flare spectra
SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE atomic data; Sun : activity; Sun : flares; ultraviolet : general
ID B-LIKE IONS; BORON ISOELECTRONIC SEQUENCE; ELECTRON-IMPACT EXCITATION;
ATOMIC DATA; RATE COEFFICIENTS; IRON PROJECT; XUV OBSERVATIONS;
CROSS-SECTIONS; COMPACT FLARE; CORONAL LINES
AB New R-matrix calculations of electron impact excitation rates for transitions among the 2s(2) 2p, 2s2p(2) and 2p(3) levels of Ar xiv are presented. These data are subsequently used to derive the theoretical electron density diagnostic emission-line intensity ratios R-1 = I (187.95 Angstrom)/I (194.41 Angstrom) and R-2 = 1(257.40 Angstrom)/I(243.78 Angstrom) for a range of densities (N-e = 10(9)-10(13) cm(-3)) and electron temperatures (T-e = 10(6.3)-10(6.7) K) appropriate to solar transition region and coronal plasmas. A comparison of these diagnostics with observational data for solar active regions and flares, obtained with the Naval Research Laboratory's S082A spectrograph on board Skylab, reveals that the electron densities determined from R, are in good agreement with those estimated from line ratios in Fe XIV or Fe XV, which are formed at similar electron temperatures to Ar XIV. However, there are large discrepancies between densities inferred from the R2 ratio and those from Fe xiv or Fe XV, confirming that the Ar xiv 243.78- and 257.40-Angstrom lines are badly blended with Fe XV 243.79 Angstrom and Fe xiv 257.38 Angstrom, respectively. Hence, R-2 cannot be employed as a density diagnostic, in contrast to R-1, which does provide reliable N-e estimates.
C1 Queens Univ Belfast, Dept Pure & Appl Phys, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland.
Queens Univ Belfast, Dept Appl Math & Theoret Phys, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland.
Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Appl Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
USN, Res Lab, EO Hulburt Ctr Space Res, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Keenan, FP (reprint author), Queens Univ Belfast, Dept Pure & Appl Phys, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland.
RI Katsiyannis, Thanassis/L-8496-2013
NR 37
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 1
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0035-8711
J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC
JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.
PD NOV 21
PY 2003
VL 346
IS 1
BP 58
EP 62
DI 10.1046/j.1365-2966.2003.07075.x
PG 5
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 742TA
UT WOS:000186533100009
ER
PT J
AU Fretwurst, E
Lindstrom, G
Stahl, J
Pintilie, I
Li, Z
Kierstead, J
Verbitskaya, E
Roder, R
AF Fretwurst, E
Lindstrom, G
Stahl, J
Pintilie, I
Li, Z
Kierstead, J
Verbitskaya, E
Roder, R
TI Bulk damage effects in standard and oxygen-enriched silicon detectors
induced by Co-60-gamma radiation
SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS
SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 4th International Conference on Radiation Effects on Semiconductor
Materials Detectors and Devices
CY JUL 10-12, 2002
CL FLORENCE, ITALY
DE silicon detectors; oxygen in silicon; radiation damage; Co-60-gamma
radiation; cefects
ID IRRADIATED SILICON; DEFECTS; EPR
AB The influence of oxygen in silicon on bulk damage effects induced by Co-60-gamma irradiation has been studied in a dose range between 0.2 and 900 Mrad. The detector processing and oxygen enrichment were carried out in a common project by the Institute of Micro-sensors CiS using n-type high-resistivity FZ silicon (3-6 kOmega cm) with <111> and <100> orientation. Different oxygen concentrations were achieved by diffusion at 1150degreesC for 24, 48 and 72 h. This report on bulk damage effects is focussed on the observed changes in the reverse current, the effective space charge density N-eff extracted from C/V measurements and investigations using the transient current technique. A substantial improvement of radiation hardness concerning the development of the macroscopic properties was found for detectors manufactured on oxygenated material compared to standard material. It will be demonstrated that the change of the effective space charge density as well as the increase of the reverse current can be attributed to the creation of two deep acceptor levels and a shallow donor level. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Hamburg, Inst Expt Phys, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany.
Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
Russian Acad Sci, AF Ioffe Physicotech Inst, St Petersburg 194021, Russia.
CiS Inst Microsensors, D-99099 Erfurt, Germany.
Natl Inst Mat Phys, Bucharest, Romania.
RP Fretwurst, E (reprint author), Univ Hamburg, Inst Expt Phys, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany.
RI Pintilie, Ioana/C-4545-2011; Verbitskaya, Elena/D-1521-2014
NR 17
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-9002
J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A
JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc.
Equip.
PD NOV 21
PY 2003
VL 514
IS 1-3
BP 1
EP 8
DI 10.1016/j.nima.2003.08.077
PG 8
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics,
Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics
GA 747NK
UT WOS:000186810500002
ER
PT J
AU Li, Z
Verbitskaya, E
Fretwurst, E
Kierstead, J
Eremin, V
Ilyashenko, I
Roder, R
Wilburn, C
AF Li, Z
Verbitskaya, E
Fretwurst, E
Kierstead, J
Eremin, V
Ilyashenko, I
Roder, R
Wilburn, C
TI Paradoxes of steady-state and pulse operational mode characteristics of
silicon detectors irradiated by ultra-high doses of gamma-rays
SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS
SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 4th International Conference on Radiation Effects on Semiconductor
Materials Detectors and Devices
CY JUL 10-12, 2002
CL FLORENCE, ITALY
DE silicon detectors; radiation hardness; oxygen in silicon; gamma-ray
radiation; polarization; carrier trapping
ID RD48 ROSE COLLABORATION; LONG-TERM STABILITY; CHARGES N-EFF; NEUTRON;
OXYGEN
AB Detectors processed from standard and oxygenated Si are compared with respect to radiation hardness to ultra-high dose of gamma-rays up to 1.76 Grad. The detectors are processed by different manufactures: Silicon Detector Development and Processing Lab (SDDPL) of BNL (USA), CIS (Germany) and Micron Semiconductor (UK). Oxygenation was performed either by using High Temperature, Long Time (HTLT) oxidation in oxygen-based ambient, or by short-time high-temperature oxidation in O-2 followed by a long-time drive-in diffusion in N-2. It has been shown that radiation hardness improvement in oxygenated detectors irradiated by gamma-rays actually extends now up to ultra-high dose of 1.76 Grad. Effects of space charge sign inversion (SCSI) and linear build-up of negative space charge with gamma-ray dose have been observed in standard Si detectors, similar to the case of neutron/proton irradiation. In contrast to standard Si in detectors, it has been revealed that in oxygenated Si detectors, positive space charge is accumulated with increasing dose up to 1.76 Grad with no SCSI ("positive space charge detectors"), which is unique for gamma-irradiation. The advantage for using oxygenated Si detectors, as compared to standard Si detectors in practical applications in the ultra-high dose range of 1-1.76 Grad, has been demonstrated in terms of the profit in the reduction of full depletion voltage by a factor of 3-4, and in the reduction of leakage current by a factor of 3.2-5. In the pulse operational mode, however, polarization effect has been observed for oxygenated detectors irradiated to this ultra-high dose range of 1-1.76 Grad at room temperature, indicating the upper dose limit for a "damageless" oxygenated Si detector is about 1 Grad. The fact that this polarization occurs at RT is a paradox, since for other types of radiations it occurs only at cryogenic temperatures. (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
Russian Acad Sci, AF Ioffe Physicotech Inst, Moscow 117901, Russia.
Univ Hamburg, Inst Expt Phys, Hamburg, Germany.
CiS Inst Microsensors, Erfurt, Germany.
Micron Semicond, Lancing, England.
RP Li, Z (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RI Verbitskaya, Elena/D-1521-2014
NR 14
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-9002
J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A
JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc.
Equip.
PD NOV 21
PY 2003
VL 514
IS 1-3
BP 25
EP 37
DI 10.1016/j.nima.2003.08.080
PG 13
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics,
Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics
GA 747NK
UT WOS:000186810500005
ER
PT J
AU Verbitskaya, E
Abreu, M
Anbinderis, P
Anbinderis, T
D'Ambrosio, N
de Boer, W
Borchi, E
Borer, K
Bruzzi, M
Buontempo, S
Casagrande, L
Chen, W
Cindro, V
Dezillie, B
Dierlamm, A
Eremin, V
Gaubas, E
Gorbatenko, V
Granata, V
Grigoriev, E
Grohmann, S
Hauler, F
Heijne, E
Heising, S
Hempel, O
Herzog, R
Harkonen, J
Ilyashenko, I
Janos, S
Jungermann, L
Kalesinskas, V
Kapturauskas, J
Laiho, R
Li, Z
Mandic, I
De Masi, R
Menichelli, D
Mikuz, M
Militaru, O
Niinikoski, TO
O'Shea, V
Pagano, S
Palmieri, VG
Paul, S
Solano, BP
Piotrzkowski, K
Pirollo, S
Pretzl, K
Mendes, PR
Ruggiero, G
Smith, K
Sonderegger, P
Sousa, P
Tuominen, E
Vaitkus, J
da Via, C
Wobst, E
Zavrtanik, M
AF Verbitskaya, E
Abreu, M
Anbinderis, P
Anbinderis, T
D'Ambrosio, N
de Boer, W
Borchi, E
Borer, K
Bruzzi, M
Buontempo, S
Casagrande, L
Chen, W
Cindro, V
Dezillie, B
Dierlamm, A
Eremin, V
Gaubas, E
Gorbatenko, V
Granata, V
Grigoriev, E
Grohmann, S
Hauler, F
Heijne, E
Heising, S
Hempel, O
Herzog, R
Harkonen, J
Ilyashenko, I
Janos, S
Jungermann, L
Kalesinskas, V
Kapturauskas, J
Laiho, R
Li, Z
Mandic, I
De Masi, R
Menichelli, D
Mikuz, M
Militaru, O
Niinikoski, TO
O'Shea, V
Pagano, S
Palmieri, VG
Paul, S
Solano, BP
Piotrzkowski, K
Pirollo, S
Pretzl, K
Mendes, PR
Ruggiero, G
Smith, K
Sonderegger, P
Sousa, P
Tuominen, E
Vaitkus, J
da Via, C
Wobst, E
Zavrtanik, M
CA RD39 Collaboration
TI The effect of charge collection recovery in silicon p-n junction
detectors irradiated by different particles
SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS
SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 4th International Conference on Radiation Effects on Semiconductor
Materials Detectors and Devices
CY JUL 10-12, 2002
CL FLORENCE, ITALY
DE silicon detectors; radiation hardness; charge collection efficiency;
carrier trapping; electric field distribution
ID RD48 ROSE COLLABORATION; LONG-TERM STABILITY; CRYOGENIC TEMPERATURES;
RADIATION HARDNESS; NEUTRON; EFFICIENCY; PROTON; OXYGEN
AB The recovery of the charge collection efficiency (CCE) at low temperatures, the so-called "Lazarus effect", was studied in Si detectors irradiated by fast reactor neutrons, by protons of medium and high energy, by pions and by gamma-rays. The experimental results show that the Lazarus effect is observed: (a) after all types of irradiation; (b) before and after space charge sign inversion; (c) only in detectors that are biased at voltages resulting in partial depletion at room temperature. The experimental temperature dependence of the CCE for proton-irradiated detectors shows non-monotonic behaviour with a maximum at a temperature defined as the CCE recovery temperature. The model of the effect for proton-irradiated detectors agrees well with that developed earlier for detectors irradiated by neutrons. The same midgap acceptor-type and donor-type levels are responsible for the Lazarus effect in detectors irradiated by neutrons and by protons. A new, abnormal "zigzag"-shaped temperature dependence of the CCE was observed for detectors irradiated by all particles (neutrons, protons and pions) and by an ultra-high dose of gamma-rays, when operating at low bias voltages. This effect is explained in the framework of the double-peak electric field distribution model for heavily irradiated detectors. The redistribution of the space charge region depth between the depleted regions adjacent to p(+) and n(+) contacts is responsible for the "zigzag"-shaped curves. It is shown that the CCE recovery temperature increases with reverse bias in all detectors, regardless of the type of radiation. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Russian Acad Sci, AF Ioffe Physicotech Inst, St Petersburg 194021, Russia.
LIP, P-1000 Lisbon, Portugal.
Vilnius State Univ, Inst Mat Sci & Appl Res, LT-2040 Vilnius, Lithuania.
Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Fis, I-80125 Naples, Italy.
Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-80125 Naples, Italy.
Univ Karlsruhe, IEKP, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany.
Univ Florence, Dipartimento Energet, I-50139 Florence, Italy.
Univ Bern, Lab Hochenergiephys, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.
CERN, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
Jozef Stefan Inst, Expt Particle Phys Dept, Ljubljana 1001, Slovenia.
Brunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England.
Univ Geneva, Dept Radiol, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
ILK Dresden, D-01309 Dresden, Germany.
Univ Helsinki, Helsinki Inst Phys, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
Univ Turku, Wihuri Phys Lab, FI-20014 Turku, Finland.
Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept E18, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
Univ Catholique Louvain, B-1348 Louvain, Belgium.
Univ Glasgow, Dept Phys & Astron, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland.
RP Verbitskaya, E (reprint author), Russian Acad Sci, AF Ioffe Physicotech Inst, St Petersburg 194021, Russia.
RI Zavrtanik, Marko/A-1524-2008; Rato Mendes, Pedro/F-8827-2010; Pagano,
Sergio/C-5332-2008; Grigoriev, Eugene/K-6650-2013; O'Shea,
Val/G-1279-2010; Verbitskaya, Elena/D-1521-2014; Bruzzi,
Mara/K-1326-2015; Paul, Stephan/F-7596-2015; Paul, Stephan/K-9237-2016;
Tuominen, Eija/A-5288-2017; Grohmann, Steffen/M-8671-2016
OI Abreu, Maria Conceicao/0000-0003-0093-7496; D'Ambrosio,
Nicola/0000-0001-9849-8756; Zavrtanik, Marko/0000-0001-5606-6912; Rato
Mendes, Pedro/0000-0001-9929-0869; Pagano, Sergio/0000-0001-6894-791X;
Grigoriev, Eugene/0000-0001-7235-9715; O'Shea, Val/0000-0001-7183-1205;
Bruzzi, Mara/0000-0001-7344-8365; Paul, Stephan/0000-0002-8813-0437;
Paul, Stephan/0000-0002-8813-0437; Tuominen, Eija/0000-0002-7073-7767;
Grohmann, Steffen/0000-0003-1298-5110
NR 18
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 1
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-9002
J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A
JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc.
Equip.
PD NOV 21
PY 2003
VL 514
IS 1-3
BP 47
EP 61
DI 10.1016/j.nima.2003.08.083
PG 15
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics,
Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics
GA 747NK
UT WOS:000186810500008
ER
PT J
AU Tesarek, RJ
D'Auria, S
Hocker, A
Kordas, K
McGimpsey, S
Worm, S
AF Tesarek, RJ
D'Auria, S
Hocker, A
Kordas, K
McGimpsey, S
Worm, S
TI A measurement of the radiation environment in the CDF tracking volume
SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS
SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 4th International Conference on Radiation Effects on Semiconductor
Materials Detectors and Devices
CY JUL 10-12, 2002
CL FLORENCE, ITALY
DE radiation measurement; radiation fields; ionizing radiations;
non-ionizing radiations; radiation effects on instruments
ID LUMINOSITY MONITOR; SILICON DETECTORS
AB We present direct measurements of the spatial distribution of charged particle and photon radiation and radiation from low energy neutrons (E-n < 200 keV) inside the tracking volume of the Collider Detector at Fermilab (CDF). Two types of thermal luminescent dosimeters are used for these measurements. Data collected from exposures with different accelerator conditions allow us to separate the radiation fields into contributions from proton beam losses and from proton-antiproton collisions. Using a simple model of a power law in 1/r, where r is the distance from the beam axis, we find the power depends on the distance from the interaction point along the beam axis with the range 1.5-2.0. Predictions based on this model show good qualitative agreement with initial measurements of the leakage currents in the low radius silicon detectors. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
Univ Glasgow, Dept Phys, Glasgow G12 800, Lanark, Scotland.
Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA.
Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON MS5 1A7, Canada.
Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08549 USA.
RP Tesarek, RJ (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
NR 6
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-9002
J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A
JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc.
Equip.
PD NOV 21
PY 2003
VL 514
IS 1-3
BP 188
EP 193
DI 10.1016/j.nima.2003.08.104
PG 6
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics,
Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics
GA 747NK
UT WOS:000186810500029
ER
PT J
AU Aoki, S
Fukugita, M
Hashimoto, S
Ishikawa, KI
Ishizuka, N
Iwasaki, Y
Kanaya, K
Kaneko, T
Kuramashi, Y
Okawa, M
Onogi, T
Tsutsui, N
Ukawa, A
Yamada, N
Yoshie, T
AF Aoki, S
Fukugita, M
Hashimoto, S
Ishikawa, KI
Ishizuka, N
Iwasaki, Y
Kanaya, K
Kaneko, T
Kuramashi, Y
Okawa, M
Onogi, T
Tsutsui, N
Ukawa, A
Yamada, N
Yoshie, T
CA JLQCD Collaboration
TI B-0-(B)over-bar(0) mixing in unquenched lattice QCD
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID CHIRAL PERTURBATION-THEORY
AB We present an unquenched lattice calculation for the B-0-(B) over bar (0) transition amplitude. The calculation, carried out at an inverse lattice spacing 1/a=2.22(4) GeV, incorporates two flavors of dynamical quarks described by the O(a)-improved Wilson fermion action and heavy quarks described by nonrelativistic QCD. Particular attention is paid to the uncertainty that arises from the chiral extrapolation, especially the effect of pion loops, for light quarks, which we find could be sizable for the leptonic decay constant, whereas it is small for the B parameters. We obtain f(Bd)=191(10)((+12)(-22)) MeV, f(Bs)/f(Bd)=1.13(3)((+13)(-2)), B-Bd(m(b))=0.836(27)((+56)(-62)), B-Bs/B-Bd=1.017(16)((+56)(-17)), and xi=1.14(3)((+13)(-2)), where the first error is statistical, and the second is systematic, including uncertainties due to chiral extrapolation, finite lattice spacing, heavy quark expansion, and perturbative operator matching.
C1 Univ Tsukuba, Inst Phys, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058571, Japan.
Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778582, Japan.
KEK, High Energy Accelerator Res Org, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan.
Univ Tsukuba, Ctr Computat Phys, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058577, Japan.
Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys, Higashihiroshima 7398526, Japan.
Kyoto Univ, Yukawa Inst Theoret Phys, Kyoto 6068502, Japan.
Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN, BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Aoki, S (reprint author), Univ Tsukuba, Inst Phys, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058571, Japan.
RI Ukawa, Akira/A-6549-2011; Kuramashi, Yoshinobu /C-8637-2016
NR 23
TC 70
Z9 70
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD NOV 21
PY 2003
VL 91
IS 21
AR 212001
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.212001
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 746QL
UT WOS:000186757000010
PM 14683290
ER
PT J
AU Belkin, MA
Shen, YR
AF Belkin, MA
Shen, YR
TI Doubly resonant IR-UV sum-frequency vibrational spectroscopy on
molecular chirality
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID 2ND HARMONIC-GENERATION; RAMAN-SCATTERING; CIRCULAR-DICHROISM;
INTERFACES
AB We show theoretically and experimentally that for sum-frequency vibrational spectroscopy near electronic transitions, resonant enhancement of the chiral response can be much stronger than that of the achiral response. The doubly resonant spectrum selectively enhances the vibrational modes through their different electron-vibration couplings. The unusually strong resonant enhancement significantly improves sensitivity of chiral spectroscopy and allows detection of the chiral vibrational spectrum of a molecular monolayer for the first time.
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Belkin, MA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RI Belkin, Mikhail/E-9041-2013
OI Belkin, Mikhail/0000-0003-3172-9462
NR 15
TC 57
Z9 57
U1 1
U2 26
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD NOV 21
PY 2003
VL 91
IS 21
AR 213907
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.213907
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 746QL
UT WOS:000186757000027
PM 14683307
ER
PT J
AU Chang, TH
Beddo, ME
Brown, CN
Carey, TA
Cooper, WE
Gagliardi, CA
Garvey, GT
Geesaman, DF
Hawker, EA
He, XC
Isenhower, LD
Kaplan, DM
Kaufman, SB
Koetke, DD
McGaughey, PL
Lee, WM
Leitch, MJ
Moss, JM
Mueller, BA
Papavassiliou, V
Peng, JC
Reimer, PE
Sadler, ME
Sondheim, WE
Stankus, PW
Towell, RS
Tribble, RE
Vasiliev, MA
Webb, JC
Willis, JL
Young, GR
AF Chang, TH
Beddo, ME
Brown, CN
Carey, TA
Cooper, WE
Gagliardi, CA
Garvey, GT
Geesaman, DF
Hawker, EA
He, XC
Isenhower, LD
Kaplan, DM
Kaufman, SB
Koetke, DD
McGaughey, PL
Lee, WM
Leitch, MJ
Moss, JM
Mueller, BA
Papavassiliou, V
Peng, JC
Reimer, PE
Sadler, ME
Sondheim, WE
Stankus, PW
Towell, RS
Tribble, RE
Vasiliev, MA
Webb, JC
Willis, JL
Young, GR
CA FNAL E866 NuSea Collaboration
TI J/psi polarization in 800-GeV p-Cu interactions
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID HEAVY QUARKONIUM; COLLISIONS; CHARMONIUM; PSI; HADROPRODUCTION;
SUPPRESSION; COPPER
AB We present measurements of the polarization of the J/psi produced in 800-GeV proton interactions with a copper target. Polarization of the J/psi is sensitive to the c (c) over bar production and hadronization processes. A longitudinal polarization is observed at large x(F), while at small x(F) the state is produced essentially unpolarized or slightly transversely polarized. No significant variation of the polarization is observed versus p(T).
C1 Abilene Christian Univ, Abilene, TX 79699 USA.
Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
Georgia State Univ, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA.
IIT, Chicago, IL 60616 USA.
Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
New Mexico State Univ, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
Valparaiso Univ, Valparaiso, IN 46383 USA.
RP Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
RI Reimer, Paul/E-2223-2013
NR 26
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
EI 1079-7114
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD NOV 21
PY 2003
VL 91
IS 21
AR 211801
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.211801
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 746QL
UT WOS:000186757000009
PM 14683289
ER
PT J
AU Chen, SY
Ecke, RE
Eyink, GL
Wang, X
Xiao, ZL
AF Chen, SY
Ecke, RE
Eyink, GL
Wang, X
Xiao, ZL
TI Physical mechanism of the two-dimensional enstrophy cascade
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID LOCAL ENERGY FLUX; 3-DIMENSIONAL TURBULENCE; DYNAMICS; NONLOCALITY;
STATISTICS; VORTICITY
AB In two-dimensional turbulence, irreversible forward transfer of enstrophy requires anticorrelation of the turbulent vorticity transport vector and the inertial-range vorticity gradient. We investigate the basic mechanism by numerical simulation of the forced Navier-Stokes equation. In particular, we obtain the probability distributions of the local enstrophy flux and of the alignment angle between vorticity gradient and transport vector. These are surprisingly symmetric and cannot be explained by a local eddy-viscosity approximation. The vorticity transport tends to be directed along streamlines of the flow and only weakly aligned down the fluctuating vorticity gradient. All these features are well explained by a local nonlinear model. The physical origin of the cascade lies in steepening of inertial-range vorticity gradients due to compression of vorticity level sets by the large-scale strain field.
C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Peking Univ, CCSE, Beijing, Peoples R China.
Peking Univ, LTCS, Beijing, Peoples R China.
RP Chen, SY (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
RI Chen, Shiyi/A-3234-2010; Xiao, Zuoli/N-4193-2013
OI Xiao, Zuoli/0000-0001-6123-3404
NR 24
TC 63
Z9 63
U1 1
U2 8
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD NOV 21
PY 2003
VL 91
IS 21
AR 214501
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.214501
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 746QL
UT WOS:000186757000028
PM 14683308
ER
PT J
AU Cucchietti, FM
Dalvit, DAR
Paz, JP
Zurek, WH
AF Cucchietti, FM
Dalvit, DAR
Paz, JP
Zurek, WH
TI Decoherence and the Loschmidt echo
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; QUANTUM BROWNIAN-MOTION; POLARIZATION
ECHOES; ENTROPY PRODUCTION; SYSTEMS; CHAOS; ATTENUATION; ENVIRONMENT
AB Decoherence causes entropy increase that can be quantified using, e.g., the purity sigma=Trrho(2). When the Hamiltonian of a quantum system is perturbed, its sensitivity to such perturbation can be measured by the Loschmidt echo M(t). It is given by the squared overlap between the perturbed and unperturbed state. We describe the relation between the temporal behavior of sigma(t) and the average (M) over bar (t). In this way we show that the decay of the Loschmidt echo can be analyzed using tools developed in the study of decoherence. In particular, for systems with a classically chaotic Hamiltonian the decay of sigma and (M) over bar has a regime where it is dominated by the Lyapunov exponents.
C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Natl Univ Cordoba, FAMAF, RA-5000 Cordoba, Argentina.
RP Cucchietti, FM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, MS B213, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RI Paz, Juan/C-5947-2008; Cucchietti, Fernando/C-7765-2016
OI Cucchietti, Fernando/0000-0002-9027-1263
NR 36
TC 119
Z9 121
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD NOV 21
PY 2003
VL 91
IS 21
AR 210403
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.210403
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 746QL
UT WOS:000186757000003
PM 14683283
ER
PT J
AU Jin, R
Sales, BC
Khalifah, P
Mandrus, D
AF Jin, R
Sales, BC
Khalifah, P
Mandrus, D
TI Observation of bulk superconductivity in NaxCoO2 center dot yH(2)O and
NaxCoO2 center dot yD(2)O powder and single crystals
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
AB Poly- and single-crystalline NaxCoO2 has been successfully intercalated with H2O and D2O as confirmed by x-ray diffraction and thermogravimetric analysis. Resistivity, magnetic susceptibility, and specific heat measurements show bulk superconductivity with T-c close to 5 K in both cases. The substitution of deuterium for hydrogen has an effect on T-c of less than 0.2 K. Investigation of the resistivity anisotropy of NaxCoO2.yH(2)O single crystals shows (a) almost zero resistivity below T-c, and (b) an abrupt upturn at T(*)similar to52 K in both the ab plane and the c direction. The implications of our results on the possible superconducting mechanism will be discussed.
C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
RP Jin, R (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RI Mandrus, David/H-3090-2014
NR 11
TC 81
Z9 81
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD NOV 21
PY 2003
VL 91
IS 21
AR 217001
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.217001
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 746QL
UT WOS:000186757000050
PM 14683330
ER
PT J
AU Garman, D
AF Garman, D
TI The Bush Administration and hydrogen
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Letter
C1 US DOE, Washington, DC 20585 USA.
RP Garman, D (reprint author), US DOE, 1000 Independence Ave SW, Washington, DC 20585 USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD NOV 21
PY 2003
VL 302
IS 5649
BP 1331
EP 1332
DI 10.1126/science.302.5649.1331
PG 2
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 745HP
UT WOS:000186683500024
PM 14631021
ER
PT J
AU Fitch, JP
Raber, E
Imbro, DR
AF Fitch, JP
Raber, E
Imbro, DR
TI Technology challenges in responding to biological or chemical attacks in
the civilian sector
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Review
ID WARFARE AGENTS; DECONTAMINATION; MANAGEMENT
AB Increasingly sophisticated technologies are needed for counterterrorism responses to biological and chemical warfare agents. Recently developed detection and identification systems are characterized by increased sensitivity, greater automation, and fewer false alarms. Attempts are also under way to reduce the cost and complexity of field-deployable systems. A broad range of decontamination reagents for equipment and personnel is emerging, but decontamination of large buildings, inaccessible spaces, and sensitive equipment remains problematic.
C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Nonproliferat Arms Control & Int Secur Directorat, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Environm Protect Dept, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Fitch, JP (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Nonproliferat Arms Control & Int Secur Directorat, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
NR 34
TC 79
Z9 83
U1 4
U2 21
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD NOV 21
PY 2003
VL 302
IS 5649
BP 1350
EP 1354
DI 10.1126/science.1085922
PG 5
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 745HP
UT WOS:000186683500039
PM 14631029
ER
PT J
AU Matamala, R
Gonzalez-Meler, MA
Jastrow, JD
Norby, RJ
Schlesinger, WH
AF Matamala, R
Gonzalez-Meler, MA
Jastrow, JD
Norby, RJ
Schlesinger, WH
TI Impacts of fine root turnover on forest NPP and soil C sequestration
potential
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID ELEVATED ATMOSPHERIC CO2; CARBON STORAGE; ECOSYSTEMS; BIOMASS;
ENRICHMENT; MORTALITY; DYNAMICS; PATTERNS
AB Estimates of forest net primary production (NPP) demand accurate estimates of root production and turnover. We assessed root turnover with the use of an isotope tracer in two forest free-air carbon dioxide enrichment experiments. Growth at elevated carbon dioxide did not accelerate root turnover in either the pine or the hardwood forest. Turnover of fine root carbon varied from 1.2 to 9 years, depending on root diameter and dominant tree species. These long turnover times suggest that root production and turnover in forests have been overestimated and that sequestration of anthropogenic atmospheric carbon in forest soils may be lower than currently estimated.
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Res, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
Univ Illinois, Dept Biol Sci, Chicago, IL 60607 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm & Earth Sci, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
RP Matamala, R (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Res, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RI Norby, Richard/C-1773-2012;
OI Norby, Richard/0000-0002-0238-9828; Gonzalez-Meler,
Miquel/0000-0001-5388-7969
NR 23
TC 249
Z9 287
U1 23
U2 117
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD NOV 21
PY 2003
VL 302
IS 5649
BP 1385
EP 1387
DI 10.1126/science.1089543
PG 3
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 745HP
UT WOS:000186683500049
PM 14631037
ER
PT J
AU Grote, K
Hubbard, S
Rubin, Y
AF Grote, K
Hubbard, S
Rubin, Y
TI Field-scale estimation of volumetric water content using
ground-penetrating radar ground wave techniques
SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE GPR; water content; geophysics; groundwaves; precision agriculture
ID TIME-DOMAIN REFLECTOMETRY; SOIL-MOISTURE; ROCK
AB [1] Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) ground wave techniques were applied to estimate soil water content in the uppermost similar to 10 cm of a 3 acre California vineyard several times over 1 year. We collected densely spaced GPR travel time measurements using 900 and 450 MHz antennas and analyzed these data to estimate water content. The spatial distribution of water content across the vineyard did not change significantly with time, although the absolute water content values varied seasonally and with irrigation. The GPR estimates of water content were compared to gravimetric water content, time domain reflectometry, and soil texture measurements. The comparisons of GPR-derived estimates of water content to gravimetric water content measurements showed that the GPR estimates had a root mean square error of volumetric water content of the order of 0.01. The results from this study indicate that GPR ground waves can be used to provide noninvasive, spatially dense estimates of shallow water content over large areas and in a rapid manner.
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Grote, K (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, MS 90-1116,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RI Hubbard, Susan/E-9508-2010
NR 21
TC 90
Z9 96
U1 2
U2 27
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0043-1397
J9 WATER RESOUR RES
JI Water Resour. Res.
PD NOV 21
PY 2003
VL 39
IS 11
AR 1321
DI 10.1029/2003WR002045
PG 14
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water
Resources
GA 749CL
UT WOS:000186901000003
ER
PT J
AU Hicks, RW
Castagnola, NB
Zhang, ZR
Pinnavaia, TJ
Marshall, CL
AF Hicks, RW
Castagnola, NB
Zhang, ZR
Pinnavaia, TJ
Marshall, CL
TI Lathlike mesostructured gamma-alumina as a hydrodesulfurization catalyst
support
SO APPLIED CATALYSIS A-GENERAL
LA English
DT Article
DE gamma-alumina; mesostructured; hydrodesulfurization; catalyst support
ID MOLYBDENUM SULFIDE CATALYSTS; TRANSITION-METAL SULFIDES; MESOPOROUS
ALUMINA; CARBON; GAMMA-AL2O3
AB A mesostructured gamma-alumina with a lathlike framework morphology, denoted MSU-gamma, has been prepared according to previously described methods through the reassembly and crystallization of a mesostructured alumina precursor with initially amorphous framework walls and used as a support for the catalytic hydrodesulfurization (HDS) of dibenzothiophene (DBT). The alumina support was loaded with molybdenum and cobalt ions via incipient wetness impregnation methods and then converted to the active sulfide form by reaction with H2S. HDS reactions of DBT were carried out at 400degreesC and 400 psi to achieve a DBT conversion of 69-77% and a biphenyl (BP) product selectivity of 60-64% after a reaction time of 3 h, indicating that most of the DBT could undergo desulfurization while limiting excessive hydrogen consumption through aromatic hydrogenation. Although the dispersion of the active Mo/Co sulfide phase supported on lathlike MSU-gamma alumina remained very high after several hours on stream, the conversions most likely were limited by a loss of surface area and porosity under HDS conditions. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Michigan State Univ, Dept Chem, Ctr Fundamental Mat Res, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem Technol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Pinnavaia, TJ (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Chem, Ctr Fundamental Mat Res, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
RI Marshall, Christopher/D-1493-2015
OI Marshall, Christopher/0000-0002-1285-7648
NR 28
TC 28
Z9 31
U1 1
U2 8
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0926-860X
J9 APPL CATAL A-GEN
JI Appl. Catal. A-Gen.
PD NOV 20
PY 2003
VL 254
IS 2
BP 311
EP 317
DI 10.1016/S0926-860X(03)00476-9
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Physical; Environmental Sciences
SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 753CQ
UT WOS:000187214600012
ER
PT J
AU De Propris, R
Stanford, SA
Eisenhardt, PR
Dickinson, M
AF De Propris, R
Stanford, SA
Eisenhardt, PR
Dickinson, M
TI The K-selected Butcher-Oemler effect
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies : clusters : general; galaxies : evolution; galaxies :
formation; galaxies : high-redshift
ID DISTANT CLUSTER GALAXIES; FRANCE REDSHIFT SURVEY; LUMINOSITY FUNCTION;
HST OBSERVATIONS; FIELD GALAXIES; STAR-FORMATION; RICH CLUSTERS; DISK
GALAXIES; EVOLUTION; POPULATIONS
AB We investigate the Butcher-Oemler effect using samples of galaxies brighter than observed-frame K* + 1.5 in 33 clusters at 0.1 less than or similar to z less than or similar to 0.9. We attempt to duplicate as closely as possible the methodology of Butcher & Oemler. Apart from selecting in the K band, the most important difference is that we use a brightness limit fixed at 1.5 mag below an observed-frame K* rather than the nominal limit of rest-frame M-V = -20 used by Butcher & Oemler. For an early-type galaxy at z = 0.1, our sample cutoff is 0.2 mag brighter than rest-frame M-V = -20, while at z = 0.9, our cuto. is 0.9 mag brighter. If the blue galaxies tend to be faint, then the difference in magnitude limits should result in our measuring lower blue fractions. A more minor difference from the Butcher & Oemler methodology is that the area covered by our galaxy samples has a radius of 0.5 or 0.7 Mpc at all redshifts, rather than R-30, the radius containing 30% of the cluster population. In practice our field sizes are generally similar to those used by Butcher & Oemler. We find that the fraction of blue galaxies in our K-selected samples is lower on average than that derived from several optically selected samples and that it shows little trend with redshift. However, at the redshifts z < 0.6, at which our sample overlaps with that of Butcher & Oemler, the difference in f(B) as determined from our K-selected samples and those of Butcher & Oemler is much reduced. The large scatter in the measured f(B), even in small redshift ranges, in our study indicates that determining the f(B) for a much larger sample of clusters from K-selected galaxy samples is important.
As a test of our methods, our data allow us to construct optically selected samples down to rest-frame M-V = -20, as used by Butcher & Oemler, for four clusters that are common between our sample and theirs. For these rest-frame V-selected samples, we find similar fractions of blue galaxies to Butcher & Oemler, while the K-selected samples for the same four clusters yield blue fractions that are typically half as large. This comparison indicates that selecting in the K band is the primary difference between our study and previous optically based studies of the Butcher & Oemler effect. Selecting in the observed K band is more nearly a process of selecting galaxies by their mass than is the case for optically selected samples. Our results suggest that the Butcher-Oemler effect is at least partly due to low-mass galaxies whose optical luminosities are boosted. These lower mass galaxies could evolve into the rich dwarf population observed in nearby clusters.
C1 Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Weston, ACT 2611, Australia.
Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP De Propris, R (reprint author), Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Weston, ACT 2611, Australia.
NR 43
TC 36
Z9 36
U1 0
U2 2
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD NOV 20
PY 2003
VL 598
IS 1
BP 20
EP 35
DI 10.1086/378697
PN 1
PG 16
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 745KW
UT WOS:000186688700003
ER
PT J
AU Knop, RA
Aldering, G
Amanullah, R
Astier, P
Blanc, G
Burns, MS
Conley, A
Deustua, SE
Doi, M
Ellis, R
Fabbro, S
Folatelli, G
Fruchter, AS
Garavini, G
Garmond, S
Garton, K
Gibbons, R
Goldhaber, G
Goobar, A
Groom, DE
Hardin, D
Hook, I
Howell, DA
Kim, AG
Lee, BC
Lidman, C
Mendez, J
Nobili, S
Nugent, PE
Pain, R
Panagia, N
Pennypacker, CR
Perlmutter, S
Quimby, R
Raux, J
Regnault, N
Ruiz-Lapuente, P
Sainton, G
Schaefer, B
Schahmaneche, K
Smith, E
Spadafora, AL
Stanishev, V
Sullivan, M
Walton, NA
Wang, L
Wood-Vasey, WM
Yasuda, N
AF Knop, RA
Aldering, G
Amanullah, R
Astier, P
Blanc, G
Burns, MS
Conley, A
Deustua, SE
Doi, M
Ellis, R
Fabbro, S
Folatelli, G
Fruchter, AS
Garavini, G
Garmond, S
Garton, K
Gibbons, R
Goldhaber, G
Goobar, A
Groom, DE
Hardin, D
Hook, I
Howell, DA
Kim, AG
Lee, BC
Lidman, C
Mendez, J
Nobili, S
Nugent, PE
Pain, R
Panagia, N
Pennypacker, CR
Perlmutter, S
Quimby, R
Raux, J
Regnault, N
Ruiz-Lapuente, P
Sainton, G
Schaefer, B
Schahmaneche, K
Smith, E
Spadafora, AL
Stanishev, V
Sullivan, M
Walton, NA
Wang, L
Wood-Vasey, WM
Yasuda, N
CA Supernova Cosmology Project
TI New constraints on Omega(M), Omega(Lambda), and w from an independent
set of 11 high-redshift supernovae observed with the Hubble Space
Telescope
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Review
DE cosmological parameters; cosmology : observations; supernovae : general
ID FARTHEST KNOWN SUPERNOVA; CHARGE-TRANSFER EFFICIENCY; OPTICAL LIGHT
CURVES; IA SUPERNOVAE; ACCELERATING UNIVERSE; COSMOLOGICAL CONSTANT;
ULTRAVIOLET EXTINCTION; INTERGALACTIC DUST; UBVRI PHOTOMETRY; PARENT
GALAXIES
AB We report measurements of Omega(M), Omega(A), and w from 11 supernovae (SNe) at z = 0.36-0.86 with high-quality light curves measured using WFPC2 on the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). This is an independent set of high-redshift SNe that confirms previous SN evidence for an accelerating universe. The high-quality light curves available from photometry on WFPC2 make it possible for these 11 SNe alone to provide measurements of the cosmological parameters comparable in statistical weight to the previous results. Combined with earlier Supernova Cosmology Project data, the new SNe yield a measurement of the mass density Omega M = 0.25(-0.06)(+0.07) (statistical) +/- 0.04 (identified systematics), or equivalently, a cosmological constant of Omega(A) = 0.75(-0.07)(+0.06) (statistical) +/- 0.04 (identified systematics), under the assumptions of a. at universe and that the dark energy equation-of-state parameter has a constant value w = -1. When the SN results are combined with independent flat-universe measurements of Omega(M) from cosmic microwave background and galaxy redshift distortion data, they provide a measurement of w = -1.05(-0.20)(+0.15) (statistical) +/- 0.09 (identified systematic), if w is assumed to be constant in time. In addition to high-precision light-curve measurements, the new data offer greatly improved color measurements of the high-redshift SNe and hence improved host galaxy extinction estimates. These extinction measurements show no anomalous negative E( B-V) at high redshift. The precision of the measurements is such that it is possible to perform a host galaxy extinction correction directly for individual SNe without any assumptions or priors on the parent E(B-V) distribution. Our cosmological fits using full extinction corrections confirm that dark energy is required with P(Omega(A) > 0) > 0.99, a result consistent with previous and current SN analyses that rely on the identification of a low-extinction subset or prior assumptions concerning the intrinsic extinction distribution.
C1 Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37240 USA.
EO Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Stockholm, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
Univ Paris 06, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Phys Nucl & Haute Energies, Paris, France.
Univ Paris 07, Paris, France.
Colorado Coll, Colorado Springs, CO 80903 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Amer Astron Soc, Washington, DC 20009 USA.
Univ Tokyo, Dept Astron, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan.
Univ Tokyo, Sch Sci, Res Ctr Early Universe, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan.
CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
Inst Super Tecn, Ctr Multidisiplinar Astrofis, P-1300 Lisbon, Portugal.
Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Nucl & Astrophys Lab, Oxford OX1 3RH, England.
European So Observ, Santiago 19, Chile.
Isaac Newton Grp Telescopes, E-38780 Santa Cruz De La Palma, Spain.
Univ Barcelona, Dept Astron, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
Univ Texas, Dept Astron, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
Univ Durham, Dept Phys, Durham DH1 3LE, England.
Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England.
Natl Astron Observ Japan, Tokyo 1818588, Japan.
RP Knop, RA (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, POB 1803,Stn B, Nashville, TN 37240 USA.
RI Folatelli, Gaston/A-4484-2011; Yasuda, Naoki/A-4355-2011; Stanishev,
Vallery/M-8930-2013; Perlmutter, Saul/I-3505-2015; Blanc,
Guillermo/I-5260-2016
OI Stanishev, Vallery/0000-0002-7626-1181; Perlmutter,
Saul/0000-0002-4436-4661;
NR 105
TC 1024
Z9 1030
U1 1
U2 16
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD NOV 20
PY 2003
VL 598
IS 1
BP 102
EP 137
DI 10.1086/378560
PN 1
PG 36
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 745KW
UT WOS:000186688700009
ER
PT J
AU Stacy, JG
Vestrand, WT
Sreekumar, P
AF Stacy, JG
Vestrand, WT
Sreekumar, P
TI The gamma-ray blazar PKS 0208-512 from Mev to Gev energies
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies : active; gamma rays : observations; quasars : individual (PKS
0208-512)
ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; EXTRAGALACTIC RADIO-SOURCES; EGRET OBSERVATIONS;
EXPERIMENT TELESCOPE; PKS 0208-512; EMISSION; COMPTEL; VARIABILITY;
QUASARS; FLARES
AB We present a comprehensive report on the high-energy properties of the gamma-ray blazar PKS 0208-512 as observed with EGRET and the Imaging Compton Telescope (COMPTEL) of the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory (CGRO), spanning the entire nine-year mission (1991-2000). More high-significance detections were recorded with EGRET of PKS 0208-512 (nine at greater than 6 sigma confidence) than for any other gamma-ray blazar. On timescales of weeks to months, PKS 0208-512 is one of the five most variable of the gamma-ray blazars. We find a statistically significant correlation between intensity and spectral index for PKS 0208-512, and this source constitutes the best example of spectral hardening with intensity within the EGRET database of blazar observations. Under the assumption of isotropic Eddington-limited emission, we infer a black hole mass of approximately 6 x 10(7) M-circle dot at the nucleus of PKS 0208-512. Gamma-ray transparency arguments, however, clearly support the hypothesis of relativistic beaming in PKS 0208-512, with a minimum relativistic Doppler factor for the jet of delta greater than or similar to 3.2 at GeV energies. We have also carried out a comprehensive reanalysis of the COMPTEL data associated with PKS 0208-512 at MeV energies and reexamined the earlier reports of excess 1-3 MeV emission from this source. For individual CGRO viewing periods, we find upper limits only for MeV emission from PKS 0208-512. Our reanalysis of the original COMPTEL data for the period 1993 May-June leads us to conclude that the significance of the original reported detection is marginal at best and that there is no compelling evidence at present for the existence of a distinct flaring state for PKS 0208-512 at MeV energies.
C1 Louisiana State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
ISRO, Satellite Ctr, Space Astron & Instrumentat Div, Bangalore 560017, Karnataka, India.
Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA.
RP Stacy, JG (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
NR 98
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 1
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD NOV 20
PY 2003
VL 598
IS 1
BP 216
EP 231
DI 10.1086/377632
PN 1
PG 16
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 745KW
UT WOS:000186688700016
ER
PT J
AU Israel, GL
Covino, S
Stella, L
Mauche, CW
Campana, S
Marconi, G
Hummel, W
Mereghetti, S
Munari, U
Negueruela, I
AF Israel, GL
Covino, S
Stella, L
Mauche, CW
Campana, S
Marconi, G
Hummel, W
Mereghetti, S
Munari, U
Negueruela, I
TI Unveiling the nature of the 321 second modulation in RX J0806.3+1527:
Near-simultaneous Chandra and very large telescope observations
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE binaries : close; binaries : general; novae, cataclysmic variables;
stars : individual (RX J0806.3+1527; RX J1914.4+2456); white dwarfs;
X-rays : binaries
ID DOUBLE-DEGENERATE POLAR; SHORTEST PERIOD BINARY; RX J0806.3+1527;
ORBITAL PERIOD; ROSAT; PHOTOMETRY; STARS
AB We report on the first near-simultaneous X-ray and optical observations of RX J0806.3+ 1527. The source is believed to be a 321 s orbital period ultracompact binary system hosting an X-ray -emitting white dwarf. Data were obtained with Chandra and the ESO Very Large Telescope (VLT) in 2001 November. We found an optical/X-ray phase shift in the periodic modulation of about 0.5, strongly favoring the existence of two distinct emission regions in the two bands (for the pulsed fluxes). The Chandra data allow us to study, for the first time, the spectral continuum of RX J0806.3+ 1527 in soft X-rays. This was well fitted by a blackbody spectrum with kT similar to 65 eV and hydrogen column density of N-H similar to 5 x 10(20) cm(-2). The average (unabsorbed) source 0.1 - 2.5 keV luminosity during the modulation-on phase is L-X similar to 5 x 10(32) ergs s(-1) (assuming a distance of 500 pc). Such a value is lower than the luminosity expected if stable mass transfer between two white dwarfs were driven by gravitational radiation. Evidence for absorption-like features are present in the phase-averaged spectrum at about 0.53, 0.64, and 1.26 keV, which may be attributed to heavy elements (C and N). We compare and discuss these findings with other binary systems hosting an accreting white dwarf.
C1 Int Ctr Relat Astrophys, Osservatorio Astron Roma, INAF, I-00040 Monte Porzio Catone, Rome, Italy.
Osserv Astron Brera, INAF, I-23807 Merate, Lc, Italy.
Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
European So Observ, Santiago 19, Chile.
European So Observ, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
CNR, Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, Sez Milano G Occhialini, I-20133 Milan, Italy.
Osserv Astron Padova, INAF, I-36012 Asiago, Italy.
Univ Alicante, Dept Fis Ingn Sistemas & Teoria Senales, E-03080 Alicante, Spain.
RP Israel, GL (reprint author), Int Ctr Relat Astrophys, Osservatorio Astron Roma, INAF, Via Frascati 33, I-00040 Monte Porzio Catone, Rome, Italy.
RI Negueruela, Ignacio/L-5483-2014;
OI Negueruela, Ignacio/0000-0003-1952-3680; Campana,
Sergio/0000-0001-6278-1576; Israel, GianLuca/0000-0001-5480-6438;
Munari, Ulisse/0000-0001-6805-9664; Covino, Stefano/0000-0001-9078-5507
NR 30
TC 28
Z9 28
U1 0
U2 1
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD NOV 20
PY 2003
VL 598
IS 1
BP 492
EP 500
DI 10.1086/378803
PN 1
PG 9
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 745KW
UT WOS:000186688700041
ER
PT J
AU Alcock, C
Alves, DR
Becker, A
Bennett, D
Cook, KH
Drake, A
Freeman, K
Geha, M
Griest, K
Kovacs, G
Lehner, M
Marshall, S
Minniti, D
Nelson, C
Peterson, B
Popowski, P
Pratt, M
Quinn, P
Rodgers, A
Stubbs, C
Sutherland, W
Vandehei, T
Welch, DL
AF Alcock, C
Alves, DR
Becker, A
Bennett, D
Cook, KH
Drake, A
Freeman, K
Geha, M
Griest, K
Kovacs, G
Lehner, M
Marshall, S
Minniti, D
Nelson, C
Peterson, B
Popowski, P
Pratt, M
Quinn, P
Rodgers, A
Stubbs, C
Sutherland, W
Vandehei, T
Welch, DL
CA MACHO Collaboration
TI The Macho project Large Magellanic Cloud variable star inventory. XI.
Frequency analysis of the fundamental-mode RR Lyrae stars
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE globular clusters : general; stars : horizontal-branch; stars :
oscillations; stars : variables : other (RR Lyrae)
ID GRAVITATIONAL LENSING EXPERIMENT; UNEQUALLY-SPACED DATA; NONRADIAL
MODES; DWARF GALAXY; DATABASE; PERIOD
AB We have frequency-analyzed 6391 variables classified earlier as fundamental-mode RR Lyrae (RR0) stars in the MACHO database on the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC). The overwhelming majority (i.e., 96%) of these variables have been proved to be indeed RR0 stars, whereas the remaining ones have fallen into one of the following categories: single- and double-mode Cepheids, binaries, first-overtone and double-mode RR Lyrae stars, and nonclassified variables. Special attention has been paid to the properties of the amplitude- and phase-modulated RR0 stars ( the Blazhko stars). We found altogether 731 Blazhko variables showing either a doublet or an equidistant triplet pattern at the main pulsation component in their frequency spectra. This sample overwhelmingly exceeds the number of Blazhko stars known in all other systems combined. The incidence rate of the Blazhko variables among the RR0 stars in the LMC is 11.9%, which is 3 times higher than their rate among the first-overtone RR Lyrae stars. No difference is found in the average brightness between the single- mode and Blazhko variables. However, the latter ones show a somewhat lower degree of skewness in their average light curves and a concomitant lower total amplitude in their modulation-free light curves. From the frequency spectra we found that variables with larger modulation amplitudes at the higher frequency side of the main pulsation component are 3 times more common than the ones showing the opposite amplitude pattern. A search for a modulation component with the Blazhko period in the average brightness of the individual variables showed the existence of such a modulation with an overall amplitude of approximate to 0.006 mag. On the other hand, a similar search for quadruple modulation patterns around the main pulsation component has failed to clearly detect such components at the approximate to 0.004 mag level. This means that the amplitudes of the quadruple components ( if they exist) should be, on average, at least 10 times smaller than those of the triplet components. This finding and the existence of Blazhko variables with highly asymmetric modulation amplitudes not only question the validity of the magnetic oblique rotator model but also put stringent constraints on models based on mode-coupling theories.
C1 Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr Particle Astrophys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Columbia Univ, Astrophys Lab, New York, NY 10027 USA.
Bell Labs, Lucent Technol, Murray Hill, NJ 07974 USA.
Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Dept Astron, Santiago 22, Chile.
Mt Stromlo & Siding Spring Observ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Weston, ACT 2611, Australia.
Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
Konkoly Observ Budapest, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Max Planck Inst Astrophys, D-85741 Garching, Germany.
Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
European So Observ, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford OX1 3RH, England.
McMaster Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada.
RP Alcock, C (reprint author), Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
RI Stubbs, Christopher/C-2829-2012; Quinn, Peter/B-3638-2013;
OI Stubbs, Christopher/0000-0003-0347-1724; Lehner,
Matthew/0000-0003-4077-0985
NR 28
TC 71
Z9 72
U1 0
U2 3
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD NOV 20
PY 2003
VL 598
IS 1
BP 597
EP 609
DI 10.1086/378689
PN 1
PG 13
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 745KW
UT WOS:000186688700050
ER
PT J
AU Colgate, SA
Cen, RY
Li, H
Currier, N
Warren, MS
AF Colgate, SA
Cen, RY
Li, H
Currier, N
Warren, MS
TI Cosmological Mestel disks and the Rossby vortex instability: The origin
of supermassive black holes
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE accretion, accretion disks; black hole physics; galaxies : formation;
galaxies : kinematics and dynamics; hydrodynamics; instabilities
ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; THIN ACCRETION DISKS; ANGULAR-MOMENTUM; WAVE
INSTABILITY; DARK-MATTER; MASER EMISSION; HALOS; GALAXIES; COLLAPSE
AB A scenario is put forth for the formation of supermassive black holes at the centers of galaxies. It depends uon the formation of a Mestel disk with a flat rotation curve, M-C2H6; VARIABLE REACTION COORDINATE;
MOLECULAR-OXYGEN; VINYL RADICALS; KINETICS; DISSOCIATION
AB A variational multifaceted dividing surface generalization of the variable reaction coordinate (VRC) approach is described. This approach involves the incorporation and optimization of multiple pivot points for each fragment. Illustrative applications to a variety of barrierless reactions with multiple addition channels are presented. For the addition of H atoms to propargyl radical a high level ab initio potential is employed and comparisons are made with trajectory simulations and with prior implementations of VRC-TST. The multifaceted VRC-TST results agree with the trajectory results to within 5-10% as do prior approximate multifaceted VRC-TST results, obtained via the neglect of the flux through certain connecting surfaces. In contrast, results based on the sums of properly variational single faced results differ significantly, being similar to15-20% greater. Notably, the optimal multifaceted transition state dividing surfaces are again in qualitative accord with contours of the radical molecular orbital. Applications to the CH3 + CH3 and C2H3 + O-2 reactions further illustrate the dependence of the results on the use of multiple pivot points, while also illustrating the implementation of directly determined density functional interaction energies. Interestingly, these a priori results are in reasonable agreement with experiment for both these reactions.
C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RP Georgievskii, Y (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
OI Klippenstein, Stephen/0000-0001-6297-9187
NR 29
TC 75
Z9 75
U1 2
U2 27
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1089-5639
J9 J PHYS CHEM A
JI J. Phys. Chem. A
PD NOV 20
PY 2003
VL 107
IS 46
BP 9776
EP 9781
DI 10.1021/jp034564b
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 743MB
UT WOS:000186574600006
ER
PT J
AU Grodkowski, J
Neta, P
Wishart, JF
AF Grodkowski, J
Neta, P
Wishart, JF
TI Pulse radiolysis study of the reactions of hydrogen atoms in the ionic
liquid methyltributylammonium bis[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl]imide
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A
LA English
DT Article
ID AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; REACTION-KINETICS; ABSORPTION-SPECTRA;
AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; CYCLOHEXANE SOLUTIONS; ELECTRONIC-SPECTRA; ORGANIC
LIQUIDS; KETYL RADICALS; EXCITED STATES; DIMER CATIONS
AB Reactions of hydrogen atoms with pyrene, phenanthrene, benzophenone, 2-propanol, and crotonic acid in the ionic liquid methyltributylammonium bis[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl]imide (R4NNTf2) were studied by pulse radiolysis. Radiolysis of the ionic liquid leads to formation of dry electrons and solvated electrons, which are scavenged by H3O+ to produce H-. atoms. Hydrogen atoms react very rapidly with pyrene (3.8 x 10(9) L mol(-1) s(-1)) and phenanthrene (2.9 x 10(9) L mol(-1) s(-1)) to form H-adduct radicals with sharp absorption peaks at 405 and 395 nm, respectively. They also react with benzophenone to form ring adducts, but the reaction is much slower. By competition kinetics with pyrene, the rate constants for reactions of H-. atoms with 2-PrOH and with crotonic acid were estimated to be approximate to6 x 10(7) and 4.6 x 10(9) L mol(-1) s(-1), respectively. All the rate constants, except for benzophenone, are similar to the values measured or estimated for the same reactions in aqueous solutions. The reactions with the aromatic hydrocarbons must be diffusion-controlled but are faster than diffusion-controlled reactions for solvated electrons in the same ionic liquid.
C1 Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Phys & Chem Properties Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Neta, P (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Phys & Chem Properties Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RI Wishart, James/L-6303-2013
OI Wishart, James/0000-0002-0488-7636
NR 34
TC 72
Z9 74
U1 2
U2 14
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1089-5639
J9 J PHYS CHEM A
JI J. Phys. Chem. A
PD NOV 20
PY 2003
VL 107
IS 46
BP 9794
EP 9799
DI 10.1021/jp035265p
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 743MB
UT WOS:000186574600008
ER
PT J
AU Hirata, S
AF Hirata, S
TI Tensor contraction engine: Abstraction and automated parallel
implementation of configuration-interaction, coupled-cluster, and
many-body perturbation theories
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A
LA English
DT Article
ID COMPUTER-GENERATION; FEYNMAN DIAGRAMS; ELECTRON THEORY; EXCITATIONS;
EQUATIONS; INCLUSION; STATES; SINGLE
AB We have developed a symbolic manipulation program and program generator (tensor contraction engine or TCE) that abstracts and automates the time-consuming, error-prone processes of deriving the working equations of a well-defined model of second-quantized many-electron theories and synthesizing efficient parallel computer programs on the basis of these equations. Provided an ansatz of a many-electron theory model, TCE performs valid contractions of creation and annihilation operators according to Wick's theorem, consolidates identical terms, and reduces the expressions into the form of multiple tensor contractions acted upon by permutation operators. It subsequently determines the binary contraction order for each multiple tensor contraction with the minimal operation and memory cost, factorizes common binary contractions (defines intermediate tensors), and identifies reusable intermediates. The resulting ordered list of binary tensor contractions, additions, and index permutations is translated into an optimized program that is combined with the NWCHEM and UTCHEM computational chemistry software packages. The programs synthesized by TCE take advantage of spin symmetry (within the spin-orbital formalisms), real Abelian point-group symmetry, and index permutation symmetry at every stage of the calculations to minimize the number of arithmetic operations and storage requirement, adjust the peak local memory usage by index-range tiling, and support parallel I/O interfaces and dynamic load balancing for parallel executions. We demonstrate the utility of TCE through automatic derivation and implementation of parallel programs for a range of predictive computational methods-configuration-interaction theory (CISD, CISDT, CISDTQ), generalized many-body perturbation theory [MBPT(2), MBPT(3), MBPT(4)], and coupled-cluster theory (LCCD, CCD, LCCSD, CCSD, QCISD, CCSDT, and CCSDTQ), some for the first time-and discuss the performance of the implemented programs.
C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, William R Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Pacific NW Natl Lab, William R Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM so.hirata@pnl.gov
NR 30
TC 201
Z9 201
U1 1
U2 16
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1089-5639
J9 J PHYS CHEM A
JI J. Phys. Chem. A
PD NOV 20
PY 2003
VL 107
IS 46
BP 9887
EP 9897
DI 10.1021/jp034596z
PG 11
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 743MB
UT WOS:000186574600017
ER
PT J
AU Gnanakaran, S
Garcia, AE
AF Gnanakaran, S
Garcia, AE
TI Validation of an all-atom protein force field: From dipeptides to larger
peptides
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B
LA English
DT Letter
ID POLARIZED VISIBLE RAMAN; VIBRATIONAL SPECTROSCOPY; ALANINE; WATER;
DYNAMICS; SIMULATIONS; TRIALANINE; MOLECULES; BACKBONE; FTIR
AB New experimental techniques are capable of determining the relative population of conformations adopted by short alanine peptides in water. Most of the existing all-atom force fields used to model proteins fail to reproduce the relative population of the most relevant conformations of peptides. The calculated relative population of conformations varies significantly depending on the force field chosen, thus urging the need to check the validity and consistency of force fields over a range of peptide lengths. Here, we show how the applicability of a modified version of AMBER force field (A94/MOD) can extend from short to large peptides. It is also capable of reproducing the expected shift in conformational preference with increasing peptide length and temperature. Importantly, the consistency of the force field is judged by direct comparison to experiments rather than to the relative energies of conformations obtained from ab initio calculations. Importantly, this study illustrates that many aspects of protein force fields are already well refined and may only require minor refinements to accurately reproduce experimental observations over a range of systems.
C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Biol & Biophys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Garcia, AE (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Biol & Biophys Grp, T10,MS K710, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
NR 21
TC 92
Z9 93
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1520-6106
J9 J PHYS CHEM B
JI J. Phys. Chem. B
PD NOV 20
PY 2003
VL 107
IS 46
BP 12555
EP 12557
DI 10.1021/jp0359079
PG 3
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA 743MA
UT WOS:000186574500002
ER
PT J
AU Marjanska, M
Goodson, BM
Castiglione, F
Pines, A
AF Marjanska, M
Goodson, BM
Castiglione, F
Pines, A
TI Inclusion complexes oriented in thermotropic liquid-crystalline solvents
studied with carbon-13 NMR
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B
LA English
DT Letter
ID CRYPTOPHANE-A; COUPLING-CONSTANTS; ORGANIC SOLUTION; XENON; BINDING;
ENCAPSULATION; ENHANCEMENT; CHLOROFORM; XE-129
AB The inclusion complex of cryptophane-A and chloroform dissolved in two nonchiral liquid-crystalline environments was investigated via C-13 NMR. Stable solutions of oriented complexes were prepared using aromatic (ZLI 1132) and aliphatic (ZLI 1695) thermotropic nematic liquid crystals as solvents; ordering of the complexes was manifested by the H-1-C-13 dipolar splitting of the C-13 resonance of labeled chloroform. In both solutions, the dipolar splitting for the bound ligands was substantially larger than that obtained for the free ligands, indicating a significant increase in ligand ordering upon complexation despite the absence of direct contact with the oriented solvent molecules. A similar enhancement in ordering was observed for complexed ligands compared to that for free ligands in both liquid-crystalline solvents. Also, the application of heteronuclear decoupling to the ZLI 1695 solution resulted in a reduced line width for the bound C-13 chloroform resonance, suggesting that a significant component of the observed line broadening may originate from intermolecular couplings between host and guest molecules. These results demonstrate the potential for using restored dipolar couplings to investigate structural and dynamical aspects of inclusion complexes in solution.
C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
So Illinois Univ, Dept Biochem & Chem, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA.
RP Pines, A (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
OI Goodson, Boyd/0000-0001-6079-5077
NR 19
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1520-6106
J9 J PHYS CHEM B
JI J. Phys. Chem. B
PD NOV 20
PY 2003
VL 107
IS 46
BP 12558
EP 12561
DI 10.1021/jp030431e
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA 743MA
UT WOS:000186574500003
ER
PT J
AU Matsuo, S
Nachimuthu, P
Lindle, DW
Wakita, H
Perera, RCC
AF Matsuo, S
Nachimuthu, P
Lindle, DW
Wakita, H
Perera, RCC
TI Electronic structures of crystalline and aqueous solutions of LiBr,
NaBr, KBr, and KBrO3: In situ Br L-edge near-edge x-ray absorption fine
structure
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B
LA English
DT Letter
ID ION
AB The electronic structures of crystalline and aqueous solutions of LiBr, NaBr, KBr, and KBrO3 were studied using in-situ Br L-edge near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) under ambient conditions. The direct observation of the ligand-field potential (10Dq) allows the determination of their dependence on the interatomic distances between Br and the first near neighbor in crystalline LiBr, NaBr, KBr, and KBrO3 and the effect of hydration in the corresponding aqueous solutions. DV-Xalpha molecular-orbital calculations show that for both crystalline and aqueous solutions of KBr, the transitions occur from Br 2p to the unoccupied states containing mainly 4d orbitals of Br. The 5s and 5p orbitals of Br and 3d orbitals of K also contribute to the unoccupied states in addition to the 4d orbitals of neighbor Br due to the orbital mixing in crystalline KBr.
C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Ctr Xray Opt, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Nevada, Dept Chem, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA.
Fukuoka Univ, Adv Mat Inst, Jonan Ku, Fukuoka 8140180, Japan.
Fukuoka Univ, Dept Chem, Fac Sci, Jonan Ku, Fukuoka 8140180, Japan.
RP Perera, RCC (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Ctr Xray Opt, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
NR 20
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1520-6106
J9 J PHYS CHEM B
JI J. Phys. Chem. B
PD NOV 20
PY 2003
VL 107
IS 46
BP 12562
EP 12565
DI 10.1021/jp0304327
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA 743MA
UT WOS:000186574500004
ER
PT J
AU Gogoladze, I
Mimura, Y
Nandi, S
Tobe, K
AF Gogoladze, I
Mimura, Y
Nandi, S
Tobe, K
TI Test of gauge-Yukawa unification
SO PHYSICS LETTERS B
LA English
DT Article
ID ELECTROWEAK SYMMETRY-BREAKING; VANISHING BETA-FUNCTIONS; GRAND UNIFIED
THEORIES; YANG-MILLS THEORY; EXTRA DIMENSIONS; THRESHOLD CORRECTIONS;
HIGGS UNIFICATION; HIERARCHY PROBLEM; WEINBERG ANGLE; TOP-QUARK
AB Recently it has been proposed that, in the framework of quantum field theory, both the Standard Model gauge and Yukawa interactions arise from a single gauge interaction in higher dimensions with supersymmetry. This leads to the unification of the Standard Model gauge couplings and the third family Yukawa couplings at the GUT scale. In this Letter, we make a detailed study of this unification using the current experimental data, and find a good agreement in a significant region of the parameter space. Similar relations, required in finite grand unification models, are also studied. (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Phys, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
Univ Regina, Dept Phys, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada.
Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, MCTP, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RP Gogoladze, I (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Phys, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
EM ilia@hep.phy.okstate.edu; mimura2y@uregina.ca; shaown@okstate.edu;
ktobe@umich.edu
NR 61
TC 27
Z9 27
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0370-2693
EI 1873-2445
J9 PHYS LETT B
JI Phys. Lett. B
PD NOV 20
PY 2003
VL 575
IS 1-2
BP 66
EP 74
DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2003.09.051
PG 9
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA 742DV
UT WOS:000186501700011
ER
PT J
AU Alfonso, DR
Cugini, AV
Sholl, DS
AF Alfonso, DR
Cugini, AV
Sholl, DS
TI Density functional theory studies of sulfur binding on Pd, Cu and Ag and
their alloys
SO SURFACE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE alloys; chemisorption; density functional calculations; sulphur;
metallic surfaces; adatoms; low index single crystal surfaces; surface
electronic phenomena (work function; surface potential, surface states,
etc.)
ID GENERALIZED GRADIENT APPROXIMATION; PALLADIUM-SILVER ALLOYS;
CHEMICAL-REACTIVITY; ULTRASOFT PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; SURFACE MICROSTRUCTURE;
HYDROGEN CHEMISORPTION; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; ADSORBATE STRUCTURE;
METAL-SURFACES; CO ADSORPTION
AB We present gradient corrected density functional theory calculations on the adsorption of sulfur on pure Pd(1 1 1), Cu(1 1 1) and Ag(1 1 1) surfaces as well as on PdCu3(1 1 1), Pd. Cu(1 1 1), PdCu(1 1 0), PdAg,(1 1 1) and Pd3Ag(1 1 1) surfaces. Sulfur forms strong bonds with all the surfaces and favors hollow sites in every case. The binding energies on the pure metals show considerable variation and follow the trend: E-bind(Pd(1 1 1)) > E-bind(Cu(1 1 1)) > E-bind(Ag(1 1 1)). On the alloy surfaces, the adsorption energies in general are weaker in comparison to adsorption on the Pd(1 1 1) surface but the reduction in binding is not large. The strong interaction of sulfur with these surfaces arises from re-hybridization of the p-states of the adsorbate with the substrate sp- and d-bands. We confirm that there is nearly a linear correlation between the binding energies of S on similar adsorption sites and the d-band center of surface atoms whose structure remain close to their bulk-truncated position. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA.
Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
Parsons Project Serv Inc, South Pk, PA 15129 USA.
RP Alfonso, DR (reprint author), Natl Energy Technol Lab, 626 Cochrans Mill Rd, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA.
NR 79
TC 72
Z9 74
U1 5
U2 36
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0039-6028
J9 SURF SCI
JI Surf. Sci.
PD NOV 20
PY 2003
VL 546
IS 1
BP 12
EP 26
DI 10.1016/j.susc.2003.08.053
PG 15
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 741JH
UT WOS:000186454600003
ER
PT J
AU Vincent, P
Larsen, S
Galloway, D
Laczniak, RJ
Walter, WR
Foxall, W
Zucca, JJ
AF Vincent, P
Larsen, S
Galloway, D
Laczniak, RJ
Walter, WR
Foxall, W
Zucca, JJ
TI New signatures of underground nuclear tests revealed by satellite radar
interferometry
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
AB [1] New observations of surface displacement caused by past underground nuclear tests at the Nevada Test Site (NTS) are presented using interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR). The InSAR data reveal both coseismic and postseismic subsidence signals that extend one kilometer or more across regardless of whether or not a surface crater was formed from each test. While surface craters and other coseismic surface effects (ground cracks, etc.) may be detectable using high resolution optical or other remote sensing techniques, these broader, more subtle subsidence signals ( one to several centimeters distributed over an area 1-2 kilometers across) are not detectable using other methods [Barker et al., 1998]. A time series of interferograms reveal that the postseismic signals develop and persist for months to years after the tests and that different rates and styles of deformation occur depending on the geologic and hydrologic setting and conditions of the local test area.
C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Geophys & Global Secur Div, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
US Geol Survey, Div Water Resources, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
US Geol Survey, Div Water Resources, Henderson, NV 89074 USA.
RP Vincent, P (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Geophys & Global Secur Div, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RI Walter, William/C-2351-2013;
OI Walter, William/0000-0002-0331-0616; Galloway, Devin/0000-0003-0904-5355
NR 5
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD NOV 19
PY 2003
VL 30
IS 22
AR 2141
DI 10.1029/2003GL018179
PG 5
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 749BC
UT WOS:000186897900003
ER
PT J
AU Errandonea, D
Somayazulu, M
Hausermann, D
Mao, HK
AF Errandonea, D
Somayazulu, M
Hausermann, D
Mao, HK
TI Melting of tantalum at high pressure determined by angle dispersive
x-ray diffraction in a double-sided laser-heated diamond-anvil cell
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER
LA English
DT Article
ID EQUATION-OF-STATE; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; SHOCK COMPRESSION; EARTHS CORE;
METALS; IRON; TEMPERATURES; CURVE; MODEL; SYSTEMATICS
AB The high-pressure and high-temperature phase diagram of Ta has been studied in a laser-heated diamond-anvil cell (DAC) using x-ray diffraction measurements up to 52 GPa and 3800 K. The melting was observed at nine different pressures, the melting temperature being in good agreement with previous laser-heated DAC experiments, but in contradiction with several theoretical calculations and previous piston-cylinder apparatus experiments. A small slope for the melting curve of Ta is estimated (dT(M)/dP approximate to 24 K GPa(-1) at 1 bar) and a possible explanation for this behaviour is given. Finally, a P-V-T equation of states is obtained, the temperature dependence of the thermal expansion coefficient and the bulk modulus being estimated.
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, HPCAT, Carnegie Inst Washington, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
Univ Valencia, Dept Fis Aplicada, ICMUV, E-46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
Carnegie Inst Sci, Geophys Lab, Washington, DC 20015 USA.
RP Argonne Natl Lab, HPCAT, Carnegie Inst Washington, Adv Photon Source, Bldg 434E,9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM daniel.errandonca@uv.es
RI Errandonea, Daniel/J-7695-2016
OI Errandonea, Daniel/0000-0003-0189-4221
NR 68
TC 95
Z9 98
U1 2
U2 21
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0953-8984
EI 1361-648X
J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT
JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter
PD NOV 19
PY 2003
VL 15
IS 45
BP 7635
EP 7649
AR PII S0953-8984(03)68532-2
DI 10.1088/0953-8984/15/45/003
PG 15
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 752KL
UT WOS:000187159600007
ER
PT J
AU Londergan, CH
Rocha, RC
Brown, MG
Shreve, AP
Kubiak, CP
AF Londergan, CH
Rocha, RC
Brown, MG
Shreve, AP
Kubiak, CP
TI Intervalence involvement of bridging ligand vibrations in hexaruthenium
mixed-valence clusters probed by resonance Raman spectroscopy
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID CREUTZ-TAUBE ION; ELECTRON-TRANSFER; SPECTRA; COMPLEXES
C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Chem, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
RP Shreve, AP (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Mail Stop G755, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
NR 14
TC 28
Z9 28
U1 1
U2 7
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0002-7863
J9 J AM CHEM SOC
JI J. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD NOV 19
PY 2003
VL 125
IS 46
BP 13912
EP 13913
DI 10.1021/ja036127g
PG 2
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 743NV
UT WOS:000186580600002
PM 14611199
ER
PT J
AU Wang, XB
Niu, SQ
Yang, X
Ibrahim, SK
Pickett, CJ
Ichiye, T
Wang, LS
AF Wang, XB
Niu, SQ
Yang, X
Ibrahim, SK
Pickett, CJ
Ichiye, T
Wang, LS
TI Probing the intrinsic electronic structure of the cubane [4Fe-4S]
cluster: Nature's favorite cluster for electron transfer and storage
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID IRON-SULFUR CLUSTERS; MULTIPLY-CHARGED ANIONS; REPULSIVE COULOMB
BARRIER; PHOTODETACHMENT PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY;
AZOTOBACTER-VINELANDII NITROGENASE; DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY;
MOLECULAR-ORBITAL METHODS; FERROUS FE4S4 CLUSTER; X-RAY-ABSORPTION;
BASIS-SET
AB The cubane [4Fe-4S] is the most common multinuclear metal center in nature for electron transfer and storage. Using electrospray, we produced a series of gaseous doubly charged cubane-type complexes, [Fe(4)S(4)L(4)](2-) (L = -SC(2)H(5), -SH, -Cl, -Br, -l) and the Se-analogues [Fe(4)Se(4)L(4)](2-) (L = -SC(2)H(5), -Cl), and probed their electronic structures with photoelectron spectroscopy and density functional calculations. The photoelectron spectral features are similar among all the seven species investigated, revealing a weak threshold feature due to the minority spins on the Fe centers and confirming the low-spin two-layer model for the [4Fe-4S](2+) core and its "inverted level scheme". The measured adiabatic detachment energies, which are sensitive to the terminal ligand substitution, provide the intrinsic oxidation potentials of the [Fe(4)S(4)L(4)](2-) complexes. The calculations revealed a simple correlation between the electron donor property of the terminal thiolate as well as the bridging sulfide with the variation of the intrinsic redox potentials. Our data provide intrinsic electronic structure information of the [4Fe-4S] cluster and the molecular basis for understanding the protein and solvent effects on the redox properties of the [4Fe-4S] active sites.
C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, WR Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
Washington State Univ, Dept Phys, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
Washington State Univ, Sch Mol Biosci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
Georgetown Univ, Dept Chem, Washington, DC 20057 USA.
John Innes Inst, Dept Biol Chem, Norwich NR4 7UH, Norfolk, England.
RP Wang, LS (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, WR Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM ls.wang@pnl.gov
RI PICKETT, CHRISTOPHER/F-3896-2010
OI PICKETT, CHRISTOPHER/0000-0003-3142-0780
FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM 45303, GM 63555]
NR 70
TC 50
Z9 50
U1 0
U2 20
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0002-7863
J9 J AM CHEM SOC
JI J. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD NOV 19
PY 2003
VL 125
IS 46
BP 14072
EP 14081
DI 10.1021/ja036831x
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 743NV
UT WOS:000186580600047
PM 14611244
ER
PT J
AU Peterson, LA
Vu, C
Hingerty, BE
Broyde, S
Cosman, M
AF Peterson, LA
Vu, C
Hingerty, BE
Broyde, S
Cosman, M
TI Solution structure of an O-6[4-oxo-4-(3-Pyridyl)butyl]guanine adduct in
an 11mer DNA duplex: Evidence for formation of a base triplex
SO BIOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID NUCLEAR MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; O-6-ALKYLGUANINE-DNA ALKYLTRANSFERASE;
MOLECULAR-STRUCTURE; NMR-SPECTROSCOPY; B-DNA; O-6-METHYLGUANINE;
O-6-<4-OXO-4-(3-PYRIDYL)BUTYL>GUANINE; OLIGONUCLEOTIDES; CARCINOGENESIS;
ASSIGNMENT
AB The pyridyloxobutylating agents derived from metabolically activated tobacco-specific nitrosamines can covalently modify guanine bases in DNA at the O-6 position. The adduct formed, O-6-[4-oxo-4-(3-pyridyl)butyl]guanine ([POB]dG), results in mutations that can lead to tumor formation, posing a significant cancer risk to humans exposed to tobacco smoke. A combined NMR-molecular mechanics computational approach was used to determine the solution structure of the [POB]dG adduct within an 11mer duplex sequence d(CCATAT-[POB]G-GCCC).d(GGGCCATATGG). In agreement with the NMR results, the POB ligand is located in the major groove, centered between the flanking 5'-side dT.dA and the 3'-side dG.dC base pairs and thus in the plane of the modified [POB]dG.dC base pair, which is displaced slightly into the minor groove. The modified base pair in the structure adopts wobble base pairing (hydrogen bonds between [POB]dG(NI) and dC(NH4) amino proton and between [POB]dG(NH2) amino proton and dC(N3)). A hydrogen bond appears to occur between the POB carbonyl oxygen and the partner dC's second amino proton. The modified guanine purine base, partner cytosine pyrimidine base, and POB pyridyl ring form a triplex via this unusual hydrogen-bonding pattern. The phosphodiester backbone twists at the lesion site, accounting for the unusual phosphorus chemical shift differences relative to those for the control DNA duplex. The helical distortions and wobble base pairing induced by the covalent binding of POB to the O-6-position of dG help explain the significant decrease of 17.6 degreesC in melting temperature of the modified duplex relative to the unmodified control.
C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biol & Biotechnol Res Program, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
Univ Minnesota, Div Environm & Occupat Hlth, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
Univ Minnesota, Ctr Canc, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
NYU, Dept Biol, New York, NY 10003 USA.
RP Cosman, M (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biol & Biotechnol Res Program, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
OI Peterson, Lisa/0000-0001-8715-4480
FU NCI NIH HHS [CA75449, CA59887]
NR 31
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0006-2960
J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US
JI Biochemistry
PD NOV 18
PY 2003
VL 42
IS 45
BP 13134
EP 13144
DI 10.1021/bi035217v
PG 11
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 743ER
UT WOS:000186559900005
PM 14609323
ER
PT J
AU Bewley, MC
Davis, CA
Marohnic, CC
Taormina, D
Barber, MJ
AF Bewley, MC
Davis, CA
Marohnic, CC
Taormina, D
Barber, MJ
TI The structure of the S127P mutant of cytochrome b(5) reductase that
causes methemoglobinemia shows the AMP moiety of the flavin occupying
the substrate binding site
SO BIOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID RAT-LIVER MICROSOMES; NADH-CYTOCHROME-B5 REDUCTASE; B5 REDUCTASE;
HEREDITARY METHEMOGLOBINEMIA; CONGENITAL METHEMOGLOBINEMIA; DIRECTED
MUTAGENESIS; LYSYL RESIDUES; NADH-BINDING; FLAVOPROTEIN; PARTICIPATION
AB Methemoglobinemia, the first hereditary disease to be identified that involved an enzyme deficiency, has been ascribed to mutations in the enzyme cytochrome b(5) reductase. A variety of defects in either the erythrocytic or microsomal forms of the enzyme have been identified that give rise to the type I or type II variant of the disease, respectively. The positions of the methemoglobinemia-causing mutations are scattered throughout the protein sequence, but the majority of the nontruncated mutants that produce type II symptoms occur close to the flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) cofactor binding site. While X-ray structures have been determined for the soluble, flavin-containing diaphorase domains of the rat and pig enzymes, no X-ray or NMR structure has been described for the human enzyme or any of the methemoglobinemia variants. S127P, a mutant that causes type II methemoglobinemia, was the first to be positively identified and have its spectroscopic and kinetic properties characterized that revealed altered nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide hydride (NADH) substrate binding behavior. To understand these changes at a structural level, we have determined the structure of the S127P mutant of rat cytochrome b(5) reductase to 1.8 Angstrom resolution, providing the first structural snapshot of a cytochrome b(5) reductase mutant that causes methemoglobinemia. The high-resolution structure revealed that the adenosine diphosphate (ADP) moiety of the FAD prosthetic group is displaced into the corresponding ADP binding site of the physiological substrate, NADH, thus acting as a substrate inhibitor which is consistent with both the spectroscopic and kinetic data.
C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
Univ S Florida, Coll Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Tampa, FL 33612 USA.
RP Bewley, MC (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Coll Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Mail Code H171,500 Univ Dr,POB 850, Hershey, PA 17033 USA.
FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM32696]
NR 41
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0006-2960
J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US
JI Biochemistry
PD NOV 18
PY 2003
VL 42
IS 45
BP 13145
EP 13151
DI 10.1021/bi034915c
PG 7
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 743ER
UT WOS:000186559900006
PM 14609324
ER
PT J
AU Eriksson, TA
Lee, YJ
Hollingsworth, J
Reimer, JA
Cairns, EJ
Zhang, XF
Doeff, MA
AF Eriksson, TA
Lee, YJ
Hollingsworth, J
Reimer, JA
Cairns, EJ
Zhang, XF
Doeff, MA
TI Influence of substitution on the structure and electrochemistry of
layered manganese oxides
SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID RECHARGEABLE LITHIUM BATTERIES; LI-ION CELLS; CATHODE MATERIALS; O2
STRUCTURE; ELECTRODE MATERIALS; HIGH-CAPACITY; PHASES; MAS; MN; NI
AB Layered substituted lithium manganese oxides were prepared by ion-exchange of compounds with the nominal composition Na0.7MnO2 or Na0.7Mn0.89M0.11O2, (where M = Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Li, or Al) and were characterized structurally and electrochemically. The sodium-containing materials have P2 stacking or are P2/P3 intergrowths, whereas the lithiated analogues have 02 or stacking faulted O2/O3 structures. Compounds with 03 components exhibit higher capacity (or faster intercalation kinetics) than the pure 02 materials. Neither 02 nor, surprisingly, O2/O3 structures converted to spinel upon repeated charging in lithium cells to high voltages, for sixty or more cycles. The results presented herein suggest that it might be possible to design an electrode with an acceptable compromise between the phase stability of the 02 structure and the higher capacity (or better rate capability) of 03 compounds by manipulating the relative amounts and distributions of these two phases in intergrowth structures.
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Doeff, MA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RI Doeff, Marca/G-6722-2013; Cairns, Elton/E-8873-2012;
OI Doeff, Marca/0000-0002-2148-8047; Cairns, Elton/0000-0002-1179-7591;
Lee, Young Joo/0000-0002-5782-6431
NR 32
TC 23
Z9 26
U1 4
U2 73
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0897-4756
J9 CHEM MATER
JI Chem. Mat.
PD NOV 18
PY 2003
VL 15
IS 23
BP 4456
EP 4463
DI 10.1021/cm030387f
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 743XK
UT WOS:000186598700018
ER
PT J
AU Saponjic, ZV
Csencsits, R
Rajh, T
Dimitrijevic, NM
AF Saponjic, ZV
Csencsits, R
Rajh, T
Dimitrijevic, NM
TI Self-assembly of TOPO-derivatized silver nanoparticles into multilayered
film
SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID METAL-INSULATOR-TRANSITION; PROTECTED GOLD CLUSTERS; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES;
THIN-FILMS; ABSORPTION-SPECTRA; QUANTUM DOTS; PARTICLES; ORGANIZATION;
MONOLAYERS; NANOSTRUCTURE
AB A novel method for transferring silver nanoparticles from aqueous solution into organic solvents such as toluene or hexane was developed. Phase-transfer reagent, tri-n-octylphosphine oxide, TOPO, provides a capping shell around Ag particles that enables concentrating nanoparticle dispersion in toluene, which is a prerequisite for successful 3D self-assembly. The dispersed particles are stable for a long period of time (at least six months). Self-assembly of high concentrations of TOPO-capped Ag particles results in a multilayered mirrorlike film formed onto glass substrates. SEM images reveal a fine-grained film consisting of 10-nm close-packed particles. The surface plasmon absorption of the 3D structure is 100 nm red-shifted compared to that of isolated particles in toluene solution, and is a result of interparticle coupling of dielectric functions of particles in near proximity. Redispersing of particles from the 3D film into toluene solution revealed a spectrum of silver particles virtually identical to that of the original solution used for the formation of the multilayered film. This confirms that the shift of surface plasmon absorption of 3D film is a result of interparticle communication/coupling.
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
Argonne Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM dimitrijevic@anl.gov
NR 42
TC 49
Z9 49
U1 0
U2 15
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0897-4756
EI 1520-5002
J9 CHEM MATER
JI Chem. Mat.
PD NOV 18
PY 2003
VL 15
IS 23
BP 4521
EP 4526
DI 10.1021/cm030381q
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 743XK
UT WOS:000186598700028
ER
PT J
AU Karimabadi, H
Daughton, W
Pritchett, PL
Krauss-Varban, D
AF Karimabadi, H
Daughton, W
Pritchett, PL
Krauss-Varban, D
TI Ion-ion kink instability in the magnetotail: 1. Linear theory
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE kink mode; magnetotail instabilities; linear theory; Kelvin-Helmholtz
instability; Vlasov theory
ID HYBRID-DRIFT INSTABILITY; SUBSTORM GROWTH-PHASE; THIN CURRENT SHEET;
MAGNETIC RECONNECTION; NEUTRAL SHEET; ANOMALOUS RESISTIVITY; CURRENT
DISRUPTION; GEOMAGNETIC TAIL; PLASMA SHEET; FIELD
AB A number of different ion species are known to exist in the magnetotail. In particular, cold lobe ions and current-carrying hot plasma sheet ions are a permanent feature of the magnetotail and result in various types of instabilities. One such instability is the ion-ion kink mode. Detailed properties of this mode in the magnetotail are investigated in a two series paper using a combination of linear Vlasov theory, three-dimensional (3-D) full particle and hybrid (fluid electron, kinetic ions) simulations. Here we consider the linear properties of the mode in detail. Although the mode shows similarities to a velocity driven instability, its linear mode properties do exhibit dependencies on the kinetic details of the secondary ion population.
C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
Los Alamos Natl Lab, Plasma Phys Grp X1, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
RP Karimabadi, H (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Mail Code 0407, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
RI Daughton, William/L-9661-2013
NR 43
TC 48
Z9 48
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0148-0227
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD NOV 18
PY 2003
VL 108
IS A11
AR 1400
DI 10.1029/2003JA010026
PG 9
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 749CB
UT WOS:000186900100001
ER
PT J
AU Karimabadi, H
Pritchett, PL
Daughton, W
Krauss-Varban, D
AF Karimabadi, H
Pritchett, PL
Daughton, W
Krauss-Varban, D
TI Ion-ion kink instability in the magnetotail: 2. Three-dimensional full
particle and hybrid simulations and comparison with observations
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE kink mode; magnetotail instabilities; kinetic simulations;
Kelvin-Helmholtz instability; Vlasov theory
ID THIN CURRENT SHEETS; MAGNETIC RECONNECTION; TAIL; STABILITY; CLUSTER
AB The magnetotail current layer is thought to be subject to a variety of instabilities. One instability arising from the presence of two ion populations, the cold lobe ions and the current-carrying hot plasma sheet ions, is the ion-ion kink mode. Detailed linear properties of this mode in the magnetotail were investigated by Karimabadi et al. [2003], where it was shown that the mode differs from the standard Kelvin-Helmholtz instability. In this paper the nonlinear properties of the ion-ion kink mode are investigated using three-dimensional (3-D) full particle and hybrid (fluid electron, kinetic ions) simulations. It is shown that this mode is primarily driven by a velocity shear arising from the presence of multiple ion populations. The instability saturates as a result of broadening of the current layer and reduction of the velocity shear. The instability, however, differs in important aspects from the standard Kelvin-Helmholtz instability (KHI). Its linear mode properties exhibit dependencies on the kinetic details of the secondary ion population and its nonlinear evolution is found to be significantly different from previous MHD and Hall MHD treatments of the instability as well as from the KHI. In particular, the usual formation of vortices and coalescence that occur for the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability are absent for the ion-ion kink mode. Although the lobe ions can form vortices, such vortices are localized and do not affect current-carrying hot plasma sheet ions. Recent Cluster observations of modulated and bifurcated current sheets [Runov et al., 2003] are discussed within the context of the ion-ion kink mode. Hybrid simulations with open boundary conditions and using the parameters for this event demonstrate a very good agreement between the wavelength, period, and amplitude of the ion-ion kink mode and the observed wave-like disturbance. It is shown that the "bifurcated'' current sheet can be explained in terms of a traveling kink displacement in which the current has a single continuous displacement into both hemispheres.
C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
RP Karimabadi, H (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
RI Daughton, William/L-9661-2013
NR 20
TC 63
Z9 65
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0148-0227
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD NOV 18
PY 2003
VL 108
IS A11
AR 1401
DI 10.1029/2003JA010109
PG 18
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 749CB
UT WOS:000186900100002
ER
PT J
AU Xomeritakis, G
Braunbarth, CM
Smarsly, B
Liu, N
Kohn, R
Klipowicz, Z
Brinker, CJ
AF Xomeritakis, G
Braunbarth, CM
Smarsly, B
Liu, N
Kohn, R
Klipowicz, Z
Brinker, CJ
TI Aerosol-assisted deposition of surfactant-templated mesoporous silica
membranes on porous ceramic supports
SO MICROPOROUS AND MESOPOROUS MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE aerosol; mesoporous silica; surfactant; membrane; ultrafiltration
ID MCM-48 MEMBRANE; ALUMINA; FILMS
AB We present a new approach for rapid formation of mesoporous, surfactant-templated silica membranes on coarse-pore alpha-Al2O3 ceramic supports. A surfactant-silica sol is dispersed in the gas phase in the form of small droplets and delivered to the surface of the planar support by a N-2 carrier stream. Coalescence of deposited sol droplets combined with solvent evaporation-induced self-assembly of liquid crystalline mesophases results in the formation of continuous, mesostructured silica-surfactant layers covering the surface of the support. These mesostructured silica membranes are impermeable right after synthesis and exhibit N-2 permeance in the range 10(-7)-10(-6) mol m(-2) s(-1) Pa-1 after surfactant removal. SEM studies revealed the presence of relatively smooth layers of thickness similar to1 mum on the surface of the ceramic supports while SAXS and TEM investigations revealed that these membranes possess cubic-ordered mesopores of size similar to20 Angstrom, without preferential orientation with respect to the substrate. Such membranes may find application in ultrafiltration separation processes, since surfactant-templating can be used for accurate control of the pore size/distribution in the proper range for a desired separation. (C) 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ New Mexico, NSF, Ctr Microengineered Mat, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
Clemson Univ, Dept Ceram Engn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.
Sandia Natl Labs, Adv Mat Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA.
RP Brinker, CJ (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, NSF, Ctr Microengineered Mat, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
RI Smarsly, Bernd/G-8514-2011
NR 17
TC 40
Z9 43
U1 2
U2 25
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1387-1811
J9 MICROPOR MESOPOR MAT
JI Microporous Mesoporous Mat.
PD NOV 18
PY 2003
VL 66
IS 1
BP 91
EP 101
DI 10.1016/j.micromeso.2003.08.024
PG 11
WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology;
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 743VY
UT WOS:000186595300009
ER
PT J
AU Yan, HQ
Johnson, J
Law, M
He, RR
Knutsen, K
McKinney, JR
Pham, J
Saykally, R
Yang, PD
AF Yan, HQ
Johnson, J
Law, M
He, RR
Knutsen, K
McKinney, JR
Pham, J
Saykally, R
Yang, PD
TI ZnO nanoribbon microcavity lasers
SO ADVANCED MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID ROOM-TEMPERATURE; SEMICONDUCTING OXIDES; NANOWIRE LASERS; NANOBELTS
AB ZnO nanoribbons with pseudo-rectangular cross-sections (see Figure) are demonstarted to be excellent microcavities with a high quality factor (similar to3000). The lasing threshold is shown to be inversely proportional to the length of the ribbon for pumping intensities lower than the saturation region. Analysis of the emission spectra points to the possibility of the existence of both pure axial modes and "bow-tie" cavity modes.
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Saykally, R (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
NR 21
TC 201
Z9 206
U1 6
U2 52
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 0935-9648
J9 ADV MATER
JI Adv. Mater.
PD NOV 17
PY 2003
VL 15
IS 22
BP 1907
EP +
DI 10.1002/adma.200305490
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA 747TG
UT WOS:000186820500005
ER
PT J
AU Jovanovic, I
Schmidt, JR
Ebbers, CA
AF Jovanovic, I
Schmidt, JR
Ebbers, CA
TI Optical parametric chirped-pulse amplification in periodically poled
KTiOPO4 at 1053 nm
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID 2ND-HARMONIC GENERATION; LITHIUM-NIOBATE; COMPRESSION; AMPLIFIERS
AB We have demonstrated a high-gain preamplifier for Nd:glass-based chirped-pulse amplification systems using optical parametric chirped-pulse amplification (OPCPA) in periodically poled potassium titanyl phosphate (PPKTP) in a collinear quasi-phase-matched configuration. The absence of birefringent walk-off enables high conversion efficiency and high beam quality using <1 mJ of pump energy. PPKTP has a potential to replace traditional angularly sensitive beta-barium borate preamplifiers for nearly degenerate OPCPA at wavelengths near 1 mum. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics.
C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Jovanovic, I (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Mail Code L-490,7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
NR 13
TC 29
Z9 29
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD NOV 17
PY 2003
VL 83
IS 20
BP 4125
EP 4127
DI 10.1063/1.1627467
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 742NF
UT WOS:000186523400015
ER
PT J
AU Murray, CE
Noyan, IC
Mooney, PM
Lai, B
Cai, Z
AF Murray, CE
Noyan, IC
Mooney, PM
Lai, B
Cai, Z
TI Mapping of strain fields about thin film structures using x-ray
microdiffraction
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID EDGE-INDUCED STRESS
AB Substrate distortions were mapped near pseudomorphically grown SiGe thin film etched lines of various widths from 1.5 to 20 mum on Si(001) and 190 mum diameter Ni dots on Si(111) using reflection x-ray microdiffraction topography. The strain field extended 30-120 times the thickness of the film away from the feature edge. The profile of the enhanced diffracted intensity was found to follow a characteristic curve when the distance from the feature edge is normalized by a mean interaction distance that depends on the feature size. This normalization and the observed strain decay profiles cannot be predicted or modeled using existing micromechanical models. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics.
C1 IBM Corp, Div Res, TJ Watson Res Ctr, Yorktown Hts, NY 10598 USA.
Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Murray, CE (reprint author), IBM Corp, Div Res, TJ Watson Res Ctr, Yorktown Hts, NY 10598 USA.
NR 11
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 9
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD NOV 17
PY 2003
VL 83
IS 20
BP 4163
EP 4165
DI 10.1063/1.1628399
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 742NF
UT WOS:000186523400028
ER
PT J
AU Hsu, JWP
Schrey, FF
Ng, HM
AF Hsu, JWP
Schrey, FF
Ng, HM
TI Spatial distribution of yellow luminescence related deep levels in GaN
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID TIME-RESOLVED PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; DONOR-BOUND
EXCITON; SI-DOPED GAN; THREADING DISLOCATIONS; PHASE-EPITAXY; WURTZITE
GAN; TRANSITIONS; MICROSCOPY; CATHODOLUMINESCENCE
AB Using two-photon excitation, we study the excitation power density dependence and spatial variation of photoluminescence (PL) in GaN films grown by molecular beam epitaxy. Under our experimental conditions, the excitation power density dependence is quadratic for near band-gap emission (NBE) and linear for yellow luminescence (YL), consistent with the YL process being saturated. The PL mapping reveals NBE fluctuations at the domain-size scale while YL is uniform. These results provide strong evidence that the spatial distribution of deep levels associated with YL is uniform; hence, YL is unrelated to dislocations. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics.
C1 Bell Labs, Lucent Technol, Murray Hill, NJ 07974 USA.
RP Hsu, JWP (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,MS-1415, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
NR 24
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 2
U2 9
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD NOV 17
PY 2003
VL 83
IS 20
BP 4172
EP 4174
DI 10.1063/1.1628398
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 742NF
UT WOS:000186523400031
ER
PT J
AU Wojtowicz, T
Lim, WL
Liu, X
Dobrowolska, M
Furdyna, JK
Yu, KM
Walukiewicz, W
Vurgaftman, I
Meyer, JR
AF Wojtowicz, T
Lim, WL
Liu, X
Dobrowolska, M
Furdyna, JK
Yu, KM
Walukiewicz, W
Vurgaftman, I
Meyer, JR
TI Enhancement of Curie temperature in Ga1-xMnxAs/Ga1-yAlyAs ferromagnetic
heterostructures by Be modulation doping
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID SEMICONDUCTORS
AB The effect of modulation doping by Be on the ferromagnetic properties of Ga1-xMnxAs is investigated in Ga1-xMnxAs/Ga1-yAlyAs heterojunctions and quantum wells. Introducing Be acceptors into the Ga1-yAlyAs barriers leads to an increase of the Curie temperature T-C of Ga1-xMnxAs, from 70 K in undoped structures to over 100 K with the modulation doping. This increase is qualitatively consistent with a multiband mean field theory simulation of carrier-mediated ferromagnetism. An important feature is that the increase of T-C occurs only in those structures where the modulation doping is introduced after the deposition of the magnetic layer, but not when the Be-doped layer is grown first. This behavior is expected from the strong sensitivity of Mn interstitial formation to the value of the Fermi energy during growth. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics.
C1 Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
Polish Acad Sci, Inst Phys, PL-02668 Warsaw, Poland.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Elect Mat Program, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
EM wojto@ifpan.edu.pl
RI Yu, Kin Man/J-1399-2012; Wojtowicz, Tomasz/A-2887-2017
OI Yu, Kin Man/0000-0003-1350-9642;
NR 12
TC 61
Z9 61
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
EI 1077-3118
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD NOV 17
PY 2003
VL 83
IS 20
BP 4220
EP 4222
DI 10.1063/1.1628815
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 742NF
UT WOS:000186523400047
ER
PT J
AU Cheggour, N
Ekin, JW
Clickner, CC
Verebelyi, DT
Thieme, CLH
Feenstra, R
Goyal, A
AF Cheggour, N
Ekin, JW
Clickner, CC
Verebelyi, DT
Thieme, CLH
Feenstra, R
Goyal, A
TI Reversible axial-strain effect and extended strain limits in Y-Ba-Cu-O
coatings on deformation-textured substrates
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID CRITICAL CURRENTS; STRESS; FILMS; YBA2CU3O7; NI
AB The dependence of transport critical-current density J(c) on axial tensile strain epsilon was measured at 76 K and self-magnetic field for YBa2Cu3O7-delta (YBCO) coatings on buffered, deformation-textured substrates of pure Ni, Ni-5-at. %-W, and Ni-10-at. %-Cr-2-at. %-W. Expectations have been that the strain tolerance of these composites would be limited by the relatively low yield strains of the deformation-textured substrates, typically less than 0.2%. However, results show that the irreversible degradation of J(c)(epsilon) occurs at a strain equal to about twice the yield strain of the substrate. Therefore, YBCO/Ni-alloy composites may satisfy axial-strain performance requirements for electric devices, including the most demanding applications, motors and generators in which a strain tolerance exceeding 0.25% is needed. Furthermore, the YBCO/Ni-5-at. %-W conductors showed a reversible strain effect, which may be induced by a reversible strain-field broadening around mismatch dislocations at the grain boundaries. This effect may contribute to the unexpectedly large usable strain range of these conductors. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics.
C1 Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
Amer Superconductor Corp, Westborough, MA 01581 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Cheggour, N (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RI Cheggour, Najib/K-2769-2012
OI Cheggour, Najib/0000-0002-0741-3065
NR 12
TC 80
Z9 81
U1 2
U2 21
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD NOV 17
PY 2003
VL 83
IS 20
BP 4223
EP 4225
DI 10.1063/1.1628818
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 742NF
UT WOS:000186523400048
ER
PT J
AU Collins, CJ
Schilling, B
Young, ML
Dollinger, G
Guy, RK
AF Collins, CJ
Schilling, B
Young, ML
Dollinger, G
Guy, RK
TI Isotopically labeled crosslinking reagents: Resolution of mass
degeneracy in the identification of crosslinked peptides
SO BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID SPECTROMETRY; ACIDS
AB Mass spectrometry in three dimensions (MS3D) is a newly developed method for the determination of protein structures involving intramolecular chemical crosslinking of proteins, proteolytic digestion of the resulting adducts, identification of crosslinks by mass spectrometry (MS), peak assignment using theoretical mass lists, and computational reduction of crosslinks to a structure by distance geometry methods. To facilitate the unambiguous identification of crosslinked peptides from proteolytic digestion mixtures of crosslinked proteins by MS, we introduced double O-18 isotopic labels into the crosslinking reagent to provide the crosslinked peptides with a characteristic isotope pattern. The presence of doublets separated by 4 Da in the mass spectra of these materials allowed ready discrimination between crosslinked and modified peptides, and uncrosslinked peptides using automated intelligent data acquisition (IDA) of MS/MS data. This should allow ready automation of the method for application to whole expressible proteomes. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Pharmaceut Chem, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.
Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Cellular & Mol Pharmacol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.
Sandia Natl Labs, Biosyst Res Dept, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
Chiron Corp, Small Mol Drug Discovery, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA.
RP Guy, RK (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Pharmaceut Chem, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.
RI Guy, Rodney/J-7107-2013
OI Guy, Rodney/0000-0002-9638-2060
FU NCI NIH HHS [T35 CA 09270]
NR 10
TC 40
Z9 41
U1 0
U2 6
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0960-894X
J9 BIOORG MED CHEM LETT
JI Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.
PD NOV 17
PY 2003
VL 13
IS 22
BP 4023
EP 4026
DI 10.1016/j.bmcl.2003.08.053
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Organic
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry
GA 741XV
UT WOS:000186486400030
PM 14592499
ER
PT J
AU Henderson, P
Arnold, T
McMakin, A
AF Henderson, P
Arnold, T
McMakin, A
TI Assess your competitors to find
SO CHEMISTRY & INDUSTRY
LA English
DT Article
C1 Washington State Univ, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
Pacific NW Natl Lab, Econ Dev Off, Richland, WA USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU SOC CHEMICAL INDUSTRY
PI LONDON
PA 14 BELGRAVE SQUARE, LONDON SW1X 8PS, ENGLAND
SN 0009-3068
J9 CHEM IND-LONDON
JI Chem. Ind.
PD NOV 17
PY 2003
IS 22
BP 14
EP 15
PG 2
WC Chemistry, Applied
SC Chemistry
GA 745RT
UT WOS:000186702400015
ER
PT J
AU Bradley, PM
Smith, LT
Eglin, JL
Turro, C
AF Bradley, PM
Smith, LT
Eglin, JL
Turro, C
TI Direct observation of the luminescence from the (3)delta delta* excited
state of Re2Cl2(p-OCH(3)form)(4)
SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID QUADRUPLY BONDED DIMOLYBDENUM; OXALATE-BRIDGED COMPLEXES; METAL MULTIPLE
BONDS; ENERGY-GAP LAW; DIMETAL UNITS; SUPRAMOLECULAR COMPLEXES;
ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURES; DITUNGSTEN COMPLEXES; BINUCLEAR COMPLEXES;
RESONANCE-RAMAN
AB There are only a few reports on the measurement of the energy of the low-lying (3)deltadelta* state of quadruply bonded bimetallic complexes, and the direct observation of the (1)delta*delta* excited electronic state was only recently reported. In the quadruply bonded bimetallic complexes reported to date, luminescence arises from their (1)deltadelta* excited state, and the (3)deltadelta* state is nonemissive. Here we report the luminescence of Re2Cl2(p-OCH(3)form)(4) [p-OCH(3)form = (p-CH3OC6H4)NCHN(p-CH3OC6H4)(-)] observed upon 400-460 nm excitation with maxima at 820 nm (CH2Cl2, tau = 1.4 mus) and 825 nm (CH3CN, tau = 1.3 mus) at 298 K. From the large Stokes shift, the vibronic progression at 77 K, the quenching by 02, the long lifetime, and the calculated energy of the (3)deltadelta* state, the luminescence of Re2Cl2(p-OCH(3)form)(4) and the corresponding transient absorption signal are assigned as arising from the (3)deltadelta* ((3)A(2u)) excited state of the complex.
C1 Ohio State Univ, Dept Chem, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
Mississippi State Univ, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
RP Turro, C (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663 MS K484, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM eglin@lanl.gov; turro.1@osu.edu
RI Turro, Claudia/H-5335-2015
OI Turro, Claudia/0000-0003-3202-5870
FU NIGMS NIH HHS [R01 GM64040-01]
NR 56
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 8
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0020-1669
EI 1520-510X
J9 INORG CHEM
JI Inorg. Chem.
PD NOV 17
PY 2003
VL 42
IS 23
BP 7360
EP 7362
DI 10.1021/ic034513t
PG 3
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
SC Chemistry
GA 743FZ
UT WOS:000186562900008
PM 14606825
ER
PT J
AU Assefa, Z
Yaita, T
Haire, RG
Tachimori, S
AF Assefa, Z
Yaita, T
Haire, RG
Tachimori, S
TI Photoluminescence and Raman studies of curium and americium complexes of
6-methyl 2-(2-pyridyl)-benzimidazole: Evidence for an efficient
intramolecular energy transfer
SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE; LUMINESCENCE; LANTHANIDE; LIGANDS; SPECTRA;
IONS
AB The 6-methyl-2-(2-pyridyl)-benzimidazoie (biz) ligand coordinates with the actinide species in solution, and the complexes display efficient intramolecular energy-transfer processes. The energy transfer in the Cm(III)-biz system proceeds in a nonradiative mode, whereas a radiative mode is the principal mechanism in the Am(III)-biz system.
C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Dept Mat Sci, Tokai, Ibaraki 31911, Japan.
RP Assefa, Z (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, MS 6375, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
NR 23
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0020-1669
J9 INORG CHEM
JI Inorg. Chem.
PD NOV 17
PY 2003
VL 42
IS 23
BP 7375
EP 7377
DI 10.1021/ic034759y
PG 3
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
SC Chemistry
GA 743FZ
UT WOS:000186562900013
PM 14606830
ER
PT J
AU Krasnitz, A
Nara, Y
Venugopalan, R
AF Krasnitz, A
Nara, Y
Venugopalan, R
TI Classical gluodynamics of high energy nuclear collisions: an erratum and
an update (vol 727, pg 427, 2003)
SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A
LA English
DT Correction
ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; GLUON DISTRIBUTION-FUNCTIONS; HIGH-DENSITY QCD;
MINIJET PRODUCTION; ELLIPTIC FLOW; SATURATION; MULTIPLICITIES; PARTON;
FIELD; GLASS
AB We comment on the relation of our previous work on the classical gluodynamics of high energy nuclear collisions to recent work by Lappi Whys. Rev. C 67 (2003) 054903]. While our results for the non-perturbative number liberation coefficient agree, those for the energy disagree by a factor of 2. This discrepancy can be traced to an overall normalization error in our non-perturbative formula for the energy. When corrected for, all previous results are in excellent agreement with those of Lappli. The implications of the results of these two independent computations for RHIC phenomenology are noted. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All fights reserved.
C1 Univ Arizona, Dept Phys, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
Univ Algarve, FCT, P-8000 Faro, Portugal.
Univ Algarve, CENTRA, P-8000 Faro, Portugal.
Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN, BNL, Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Nara, Y (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Phys, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
EM ynara@physics.arizona.edu
NR 40
TC 133
Z9 133
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0375-9474
EI 1873-1554
J9 NUCL PHYS A
JI Nucl. Phys. A
PD NOV 17
PY 2003
VL 727
IS 3-4
BP 427
EP 436
DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.08.004
PG 10
WC Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA 733WA
UT WOS:000186022600011
ER
PT J
AU Katsnelson, MI
Dobrovitski, VV
De Raedt, HA
Harmon, BN
AF Katsnelson, MI
Dobrovitski, VV
De Raedt, HA
Harmon, BN
TI Destruction of the Kondo effect by a local measurement
SO PHYSICS LETTERS A
LA English
DT Article
DE decoherence; quantum measurement; Kondo effect; quantum dots; open
quantum systems
ID QUANTUM-DOT; IMPURITY; SEMICONDUCTORS; ENVIRONMENT; RESONANCE;
EMERGENCE; STATES; LIMIT; MODEL
AB We show that a local measurement which decoheres the Kondo center in a Kondo system, suppresses the Abrikosov-Suhl resonance and destroys the Kondo effect. This happens due to elimination of the entanglement between the Kondo center and the conduction electrons, and differs essentially from smearing of the resonance by dissipation. Considering decoherence by a spin bath, we predict that the Kondo effect disappears when the Kondo temperature becomes smaller than the coupling with a bath. Suppression of the Kondo effect can be detected in experiments on "quantum corrals" or quantum dots doped by impurities with internal degrees of freedom. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys, SE-75121 Uppsala, Sweden.
Univ Groningen, Inst Theoret Phys, NL-9747 AG Groningen, Netherlands.
Univ Groningen, Ctr Mat Sci, NL-9747 AG Groningen, Netherlands.
RP Dobrovitski, VV (reprint author), Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
EM slava@axel.ameslab.gov
RI Katsnelson, Mikhail/D-4359-2012;
OI De Raedt, Hans/0000-0001-8461-4015
NR 41
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0375-9601
J9 PHYS LETT A
JI Phys. Lett. A
PD NOV 17
PY 2003
VL 318
IS 4-5
BP 445
EP 451
DI 10.1016/j.physleta.2003.08.046
PG 7
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 743ML
UT WOS:000186575600025
ER
PT J
AU Mosquera-Caro, M
Helman, P
Veroff, R
Shuster, J
Martin, S
Davidson, G
Potter, J
Harvey, R
Hromas, R
Andries, E
Atlas, S
Wilson, C
Ar, K
Xu, YX
Chen, IM
Carroll, A
Camitta, B
Willman, C
AF Mosquera-Caro, M
Helman, P
Veroff, R
Shuster, J
Martin, S
Davidson, G
Potter, J
Harvey, R
Hromas, R
Andries, E
Atlas, S
Wilson, C
Ar, K
Xu, YX
Chen, IM
Carroll, A
Camitta, B
Willman, C
TI Identification, validation, and cloning of a novel gene (OPAL1) and
associated genes highly predictive of outcome in pediatric acute
lymphoblastic leukemia using gene expression profiling.
SO BLOOD
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 45th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Hematology
CY DEC 06-09, 2003
CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA
SP Amer Soc Hematol
C1 Univ New Mexico, Hlth Sci Ctr, Canc Res & Treatment Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
Univ New Mexico, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
Univ New Mexico, Dept Comp Sci, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
Univ New Mexico, Ctr High Performance Comp, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
Univ Florida, Coll Med, Gen Clin Res Ctr, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
Childrens Oncol Grp, Arcadia, CA USA.
NR 0
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1900 M STREET. NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0006-4971
J9 BLOOD
JI Blood
PD NOV 16
PY 2003
VL 102
IS 11
MA 1
BP 4A
EP 4A
PN 1
PG 1
WC Hematology
SC Hematology
GA 742UP
UT WOS:000186536700002
ER
PT J
AU Conboy, JG
Ponthier, JL
Gee, SL
AF Conboy, JG
Ponthier, JL
Gee, SL
TI Multiple isoforms of HRNBP2, a splicing enhancer for erythroid protein
4.1R exon 16, are encoded by a complex gene via alternative pre-mRNA
processing events.
SO BLOOD
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 45th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Hematology
CY DEC 06-09, 2003
CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA
SP Amer Soc Hematol
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1900 M STREET. NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0006-4971
J9 BLOOD
JI Blood
PD NOV 16
PY 2003
VL 102
IS 11
MA 10
BP 7A
EP 7A
PN 1
PG 1
WC Hematology
SC Hematology
GA 742UP
UT WOS:000186536700011
ER
PT J
AU Krauss, SW
Popova, E
Lo, A
Koury, MJ
Short, S
Cordes, V
Mohandas, N
Grigoryev, S
Chasis, JA
AF Krauss, SW
Popova, E
Lo, A
Koury, MJ
Short, S
Cordes, V
Mohandas, N
Grigoryev, S
Chasis, JA
TI Nuclear substructure reorganization during terminal erythroid
differentiation.
SO BLOOD
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 45th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Hematology
CY DEC 06-09, 2003
CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA
SP Amer Soc Hematol
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Penn State Univ, Milton S Hershey Med Ctr, Coll Med, Hershey, PA 17033 USA.
Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN USA.
Karolinska Inst, Med Nobel Inst, Stockholm, Sweden.
New York Blood Ctr, New York, NY 10021 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1900 M STREET. NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0006-4971
J9 BLOOD
JI Blood
PD NOV 16
PY 2003
VL 102
IS 11
MA 12
BP 7A
EP 8A
PN 1
PG 2
WC Hematology
SC Hematology
GA 742UP
UT WOS:000186536700013
ER
PT J
AU Wilson, C
Mosquera-Caro, M
Martin, S
Davidson, G
Xu, YX
Ar, K
Potter, J
Chen, IM
Pauler, D
Gundacker, H
Slovak, M
Appelbaum, F
Kopecky, K
Willman, C
AF Wilson, C
Mosquera-Caro, M
Martin, S
Davidson, G
Xu, YX
Ar, K
Potter, J
Chen, IM
Pauler, D
Gundacker, H
Slovak, M
Appelbaum, F
Kopecky, K
Willman, C
TI Gene expression profiling of adult acute myeloid leukemia identifies
novel biologic clusters associated with clinical characteristics and
outcome.
SO BLOOD
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 45th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Hematology
CY DEC 06-09, 2003
CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA
SP Amer Soc Hematol
C1 City Hope Natl Med Ctr, Duarte, CA 91010 USA.
SW Oncol Grp, Ctr Stat, Seattle, WA USA.
Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98104 USA.
Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
Univ New Mexico, Dept Pathol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
Univ New Mexico, Canc Res & Treatment Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1900 M STREET. NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0006-4971
J9 BLOOD
JI Blood
PD NOV 16
PY 2003
VL 102
IS 11
MA 602
BP 173A
EP 173A
PN 1
PG 1
WC Hematology
SC Hematology
GA 742UP
UT WOS:000186536700602
ER
PT J
AU Nemecek, ER
Hamlin, DK
Fisher, DR
Krohn, KA
Pagel, JM
Appelbaum, FR
Press, OW
Matthews, DC
AF Nemecek, ER
Hamlin, DK
Fisher, DR
Krohn, KA
Pagel, JM
Appelbaum, FR
Press, OW
Matthews, DC
TI Biodistribution of Yttrium-90 [Y-90] labeled anti-CD45 antibody in a
nonhuman primate model.
SO BLOOD
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 45th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Hematology
CY DEC 06-09, 2003
CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA
SP Amer Soc Hematol
C1 Pacific NW Lab, Seattle, WA USA.
Univ Washington, Dept Nucl Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
Univ Washington, Dept Radiat Oncol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA USA.
Univ Washington, Dept Pediat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Div Clin Res, Seattle, WA 98104 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1900 M STREET. NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0006-4971
J9 BLOOD
JI Blood
PD NOV 16
PY 2003
VL 102
IS 11
MA 1667
BP 457A
EP 457A
PN 1
PG 1
WC Hematology
SC Hematology
GA 742UP
UT WOS:000186536701667
ER
PT J
AU Ozpolat, B
Harris, MN
Muwuenyega, K
Chen, X
Lopez-Berestein, G
AF Ozpolat, B
Harris, MN
Muwuenyega, K
Chen, X
Lopez-Berestein, G
TI All-trans-retinoic acid-induced inhibition of the initiation and
elongation phase of protein synthesis in acute promyeloytic leukemia.
SO BLOOD
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 45th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Hematology
CY DEC 06-09, 2003
CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA
SP Amer Soc Hematol
C1 Univ Texas, MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA.
Los Alamos Natl Labs, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM USA.
RI Ozpolat, Berkant/Q-6981-2016
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1900 M STREET. NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0006-4971
J9 BLOOD
JI Blood
PD NOV 16
PY 2003
VL 102
IS 11
MA 2189
BP 594A
EP 594A
PN 1
PG 1
WC Hematology
SC Hematology
GA 742UP
UT WOS:000186536702187
ER
PT J
AU Poitrasson, F
Mao, XL
Mao, SS
Freydier, R
Russo, RE
AF Poitrasson, F
Mao, XL
Mao, SS
Freydier, R
Russo, RE
TI Comparison of ultraviolet femtosecond and nanosecond laser ablation
inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry analysis in glass,
monazite, and zircon
SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID U-TH-PB; LAM-ICP-MS; SOLID SAMPLE INTRODUCTION; HYDROTHERMAL ALTERATION;
TRACE-ELEMENT; MICROPROBE; GEOCHRONOLOGY; FRACTIONATION; MINERALS;
PRECISE
AB We compared the analytical performance of ultraviolet femtosecond and nanosecond laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICPMS). The benefit of ultrafast lasers was evaluated regarding thermal-induced chemical fractionation, that is otherwise well known to limit LA-ICPMS. Both lasers had a Gaussian beam energy profile and were tested using the same ablation system and ICPMS analyzer. Resulting crater morphologies and analytical signals showed more straightforward femtosecond laser ablation processes, with minimal thermal effects. Despite a less stable energy output, the ultrafast laser yielded elemental (Pb/U, Pb/Th) and Pb isotopic ratios that were more precise, repeatable, and accurate, even when compared to the best analytical conditions for the nanosecond laser. Measurements on NIST glasses, monazites, and zircon also showed that femtosecond LA-ICPMS calibration was less matrix-matched dependent and therefore more versatile.
C1 IRD, UPS, CNRS, UMR 5563 Mecan Transfert Geol,Lab Geochim, F-31400 Toulouse, France.
Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Poitrasson, F (reprint author), IRD, UPS, CNRS, UMR 5563 Mecan Transfert Geol,Lab Geochim, 38 Rue 36 Ponts, F-31400 Toulouse, France.
NR 40
TC 103
Z9 107
U1 1
U2 28
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0003-2700
J9 ANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Chem.
PD NOV 15
PY 2003
VL 75
IS 22
BP 6184
EP 6190
DI 10.1021/ac034680a
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Analytical
SC Chemistry
GA 743YQ
UT WOS:000186601500022
PM 14615999
ER
PT J
AU Culha, M
Stokes, D
Allain, LR
Vo-Dinh, T
AF Culha, M
Stokes, D
Allain, LR
Vo-Dinh, T
TI Surface-enhanced Raman scattering substrate based on a self-assembled
monolayer for use in gene diagnostics
SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID SILVER ELECTRODE; DNA MONOLAYERS; GOLD; SPECTROMETRY; SERS; ORIENTATION;
MOLECULES; COVERAGE; DYNAMICS; SPECTRA
AB The development of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)-active substrates for cancer gene detection is described. The detection method uses Raman active dye-labeled DNA gene probes, self-assembled monolayers, and nanostructured metallic substrates as SERS-active platforms. The mercaptohexane-labeled single-stranded DNA (SH - (CH2)(6)-ssDNA)/6-mercapto-1-hexanol system formed on a silver surface is characterized by atomic force microcopy. The surface-enhanced Raman gene (SERGen) probes developed in this study can be used to detect DNA targets via hybridization to complementary DNA probes. The probes do not require the use of radioactive labels and have a great potential to provide both sensitivity and selectivity. The effectiveness of this approach and its application in cancer gene diagnostics (BRCA1 breast cancer gene) are investigated.
C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Adv Biomed Sci & Technol Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Vo-Dinh, T (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Adv Biomed Sci & Technol Grp, Bethel Valley Rd,MS-6101,POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
NR 34
TC 131
Z9 133
U1 5
U2 48
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0003-2700
J9 ANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Chem.
PD NOV 15
PY 2003
VL 75
IS 22
BP 6196
EP 6201
DI 10.1021/ac0346003
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Analytical
SC Chemistry
GA 743YQ
UT WOS:000186601500024
PM 14616001
ER
PT J
AU Nolan, RL
Cai, H
Nolan, JP
Goodwin, PM
AF Nolan, RL
Cai, H
Nolan, JP
Goodwin, PM
TI A simple quenching method for fluorescence background reduction and its
application to the direct, quantitative detection of specific mRNA
SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID SINGLE-MOLECULE DETECTION; NUCLEIC-ACID SEQUENCES; RT-PCR; DNA;
AMPLIFICATION; SPECTROSCOPY; TEMPERATURE; STABILITY; PROBES
AB New genome sequence information is rapidly increasing the number of nucleic acid (NA) targets of use for characterizing and treating diseases. Detection of these targets by fluorescence-based assays is often limited by fluorescence background from unincorporated or unbound probes that are present in large excess over the target. To solve this problem, energy transfer-based probes have been developed and used to reduce the fluorescence from unbound probes. Although these probes have revolutionized NA target detection, their use requires scrupulous attention to design constraints, extensive probe quality control, and individually optimized experimental conditions. Here, we describe a simpler background reduction approach using singly labeled quencher oligomers to suppress excess unbound probe fluorescence following probe-target hybridization. A second limitation of most fluorescence-based NA target detection and quantification assays is the requirement for enzymatic amplification of target or signal for sensitivity. Amplification steps make quantification of original target copy number problematic because of variations in amplification efficiencies between the sequence targets and the experimental conditions. To avoid amplification, we coupled our quenching approach to a two-color NA assay with correlated, two-color, single-molecule fluorescence detection. We demonstrate a >100-fold background reduction and detection of targets present at concentrations as low as 100 fM using the two-color assay. The application of this technique to the detection and quantification of specific mRNA sequences enabled us to estimate beta-actin copy numbers in cell-derived total RNA without an amplification step.
C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Cai, H (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Mail Stop M888, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR01315]
NR 27
TC 24
Z9 25
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0003-2700
J9 ANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Chem.
PD NOV 15
PY 2003
VL 75
IS 22
BP 6236
EP 6243
DI 10.1021/ac034803r
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Analytical
SC Chemistry
GA 743YQ
UT WOS:000186601500030
PM 14616007
ER
PT J
AU Aciego, S
Kennedy, BM
DePaolo, DJ
Christensen, JN
Hutcheon, I
AF Aciego, S
Kennedy, BM
DePaolo, DJ
Christensen, JN
Hutcheon, I
TI U-Th/He age of phenocrystic garnet from the 79 AD eruption of Mt.
Vesuvius
SO EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE garnet; Vesuvius; U-Th/He dating; Quaternary; volcanic rocks; uranium
disequilibrium
ID HELIUM DIFFUSION; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; DISEQUILIBRIUM; APATITE; MINERALS;
THERMOCHRONOMETRY; GEOCHRONOLOGY; AR-40/AR-39; SYSTEMATICS; OLIVINE
AB The U-Th/He system can potentially be used for dating volcanic rocks with ages as young as a few thousand years and as old as several million years, thus providing a valuable supplement to radiocarbon and K-Ar dating. Garnet phenocrysts from the 79 AD eruption of Mt. Vesuvius were dated to evaluate the accuracy with which the necessary measurements and corrections can be made. The determined age, corrected for diffusive loss of He, alpha ejection, and initial U-series disequilibrium, is 1885 +/- 188 yr which compares well with the known age of 1923 yr. U and Th concentrations were measured by isotope dilution on different aliquots than were used for He concentration measurements. Step-wise degassing yielded an Arrhenius relationship for He diffusion in garnet with an activation energy of 91.31 +/- 5.76 kJ/mol and In D-o/a(2) = -2.00 +/- 0.56. The uniformity of U and Th concentrations in garnet was checked by ion microprobe analysis. The U-234/U-238 and Th-230/U-238 activity ratios were measured by MC-ICPMS. The results suggest that with proper analysis and corrections, the U-Th/He method can be used to date young volcanic minerals with useful precision and accuracy, and may therefore be valuable for dating volcanic rocks that have low K or are otherwise difficult to date accurately with Ar-Ar or radiocarbon. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 EO Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Analyt & Nucl Chem Div, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RP Aciego, S (reprint author), EO Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RI Christensen, John/D-1475-2015
NR 30
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0012-821X
J9 EARTH PLANET SC LETT
JI Earth Planet. Sci. Lett.
PD NOV 15
PY 2003
VL 216
IS 1-2
BP 209
EP 219
DI 10.1016/S0012-821X(03)00478-3
PG 11
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 748HK
UT WOS:000186856300018
ER
PT J
AU Schmidt, TJ
Stamenkovic, V
Markovic, NM
Ross, PN
AF Schmidt, TJ
Stamenkovic, V
Markovic, NM
Ross, PN
TI Electrooxidation of H-2, CO and H-2/CO on well-characterized Au(111)-Pd
surface alloys
SO ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 4th International Conference on Electrocatalysis from Theory to
Industrial Applications
CY SEP 22-24, 2002
CL COMO, ITALY
DE rotating disk electrode; low-energy ion scattering; Au(111); Au(111)-Pd;
surface alloy; hydrogen oxidation; CO tolerance
ID SINGLE-CRYSTAL SURFACES; ROTATING-DISK ELECTRODE; PT-RU;
ELECTROCHEMICAL-BEHAVIOR; EPITAXIAL-GROWTH; PERCHLORIC-ACID;
INITIAL-STAGES; PD DEPOSITION; PT(111); ADSORPTION
AB Electroooxidation of H-2, CO and 1000 ppm CO/H-2 oxidation was studied on two well-defined Au(1 1 1)-Pd surface alloys prepared and characterized in ultrahigh vacuum. Preparation was done using Pd vapor deposition. Characterization was done using Auger electron spectroscopy and low-energy ion scattering. After deposition, Pd always (partly) diffuses into the Au(1 1 1) crystal and forms stable surface alloys. Two surface alloys with Pd surface concentrations of ca. 38 and 65% were transferred into the electrochemical environment. Three major findings from the electrocatalytic study can be summarized as follows: (i) hydrogen oxidation on Au(1 1 1)-Pd surface alloys is ca. one order of magnitude slower as compared to Pt(1 1 1); (ii) Au(1 1 1)-Pd surface alloys show finite and stable activity for the continuous oxidation of pure CO at potentials below 0.2 V with a positive reaction order with respect to solution phase CO; (iii) the oxidation of 1000 ppm CO in H-2 at potentials below 0.2 V is governed by the slow H-2 oxidation kinetics and the unfavorable partial pressure dependence. At potentials above 0.2 V, however, the steady-state activity of a high-surface area Au-Pd catalyst can be reached. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Schmidt, TJ (reprint author), Celanese Ventures GMBH, D-65926 Frankfurt, Germany.
RI Schmidt, Thomas/A-2586-2010
OI Schmidt, Thomas/0000-0002-1636-367X
NR 33
TC 38
Z9 38
U1 1
U2 22
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0013-4686
J9 ELECTROCHIM ACTA
JI Electrochim. Acta
PD NOV 15
PY 2003
VL 48
IS 25-26
BP 3823
EP 3828
DI 10.1016/S0013-4686(03)00516-4
PG 6
WC Electrochemistry
SC Electrochemistry
GA 737GB
UT WOS:000186221100013
ER
PT J
AU Sasaki, K
Mo, Y
Wang, JX
Balasubramanian, M
Uribe, F
McBreen, J
Adzic, RR
AF Sasaki, K
Mo, Y
Wang, JX
Balasubramanian, M
Uribe, F
McBreen, J
Adzic, RR
TI Pt submonolayers on metal nanoparticles - novel electrocatalysts for H-2
oxidation and O-2 reduction
SO ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 4th International Conference on Electrocatalysis from Theory to
Industrial Applications
CY SEP 22-24, 2002
CL COMO, ITALY
DE Pt monolayer; Ru nanoparticles; Au nanoparticles; H-2 oxidation; O-2
reduction; CO tolerance
ID OXYGEN REDUCTION; RU(0001) SURFACE; SPONTANEOUS DEPOSITION; PLATINUM;
CO; RU; ELECTROLYTE; RUTHENIUM; PD; REACTIVITY
AB Novel electrocatalysts based on Pt submonolayer deposits on Ru and Au nanoparticles, and on a Au(1 1 1) surface, have been prepared by two new methods for noble metal monolayer deposition. These were tested for H-2 and H-2/CO oxidation and O-2 reduction kinetics. Our recently reported methods for controlled submonolayer-to-multilayer deposition of Pt involve spontaneous deposition of Pt on Ru and Pt deposition by redox replacement of a Cu upd monolayer on Au. The Pt mass-specific activity for H-2 oxidation of the PtRu20 electrocatalyst was found to be three to four times higher than that of commercial catalysts at 25 degreesC. The CO tolerance appears to be also higher than those of commercial catalysts under conditions of rotating disk experiments. Fuel cell tests at 80 degreesC have shown practically the same activity of the PtRu20 electrocatalyst for H-2 oxidation as that of the catalyst containing a 10 x larger Pt loading. Extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy measurements showed that Pt is coordinated with three to four Ru atoms in this catalyst, with a bond length of 2.68 A between Pt and Ru as in PtRu alloys. A Pt0.75Pd0.25 monolayer on Au/C is a very active electrocatalyst for O-2 reduction that equals the activity of a Pt/C catalyst with a 2.5 times larger Pt loading. The activity of a Pt monolayer on Au(1 1 1) is also considerable. A single Tafel slope of -110 mV for the Pt0.75SPd0.25/Au/C catalyst, and a -120 mV for Au(1 1 1), may indicate a smaller adsorption of OH on Pt and Pt0.75Pd0.25 on Au in comparison with bulk or nano Pt. Further work utilizing a Pt monolayer on metal nanoparticles seems to be a promising approach for both reduction of noble metal loading and designing electrocatalysts with improved properties. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Mat Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Adzic, RR (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Mat Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RI Wang, Jia/B-6346-2011
NR 35
TC 126
Z9 128
U1 4
U2 63
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0013-4686
J9 ELECTROCHIM ACTA
JI Electrochim. Acta
PD NOV 15
PY 2003
VL 48
IS 25-26
BP 3841
EP 3849
DI 10.1016/S0013-4686(03)00518-8
PG 9
WC Electrochemistry
SC Electrochemistry
GA 737GB
UT WOS:000186221100015
ER
PT J
AU Kim, CS
Bloom, NS
Rytuba, JJ
Brown, GE
AF Kim, CS
Bloom, NS
Rytuba, JJ
Brown, GE
TI Mercury speciation by X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy and
sequential chemical extractions: A comparison of speciation methods
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS; CONTAMINATED SOILS; MINE TAILINGS;
QUANTITATIVE SPECIATION; INORGANIC MERCURY; SEDIMENTS; EXAFS; LEAD;
SULFIDE; XANES
AB Determining the chemical speciation of mercury in contaminated mining and industrial environments is essential for predicting its solubility, transport behavior, and potential bioavailability as well as for designing effective remediation strategies. In this study, two techniques for determining Hg speciation-X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectroscopy and sequential chemical extractions (SCE)-are independently applied to a set of samples with Hg concentrations ranging from 132 to 7539 mg/kg to determine if the two techniques provide comparable Hg speciation results. Generally, the proportions of insoluble HgS (cinnabar, metacinnabar) and HgSe identified by XAFS correlate well with the proportion of Hg removed in the aqua regia extraction demonstrated to remove HgS and HgSe. Statistically significant(> 10%) differences are observed however in samples containing more soluble Hg-containing phases (HgCl2, HgO, Hg3S2O4). Such differences may be related to matrix, particle size, or crystallinity effects, which could affect the apparent solubility of Hg phases present. In more highly concentrated samples, microscopy techniques can help characterize the Hg-bearing species in complex multiphase natural samples.
C1 Stanford Univ, Dept Geol & Environm Sci, Surface Aqueous Geochem Grp, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
Frontier Geosci, Seattle, WA 98109 USA.
US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, SLAC, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Kim, CS (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Bldg 70R0108B,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
NR 42
TC 87
Z9 92
U1 12
U2 61
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD NOV 15
PY 2003
VL 37
IS 22
BP 5102
EP 5108
DI 10.1021/es0341485
PG 7
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 743YN
UT WOS:000186601300004
PM 14655695
ER
PT J
AU Moser, DP
Fredrickson, JK
Geist, DR
Arntzen, EV
Peacock, AD
Li, SMW
Spadoni, T
McKinley, JP
AF Moser, DP
Fredrickson, JK
Geist, DR
Arntzen, EV
Peacock, AD
Li, SMW
Spadoni, T
McKinley, JP
TI Biogeochemical processes and microbial characteristics across
groundwater-surface water boundaries of the Hanford Reach of the
Columbia River
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID SULFATE-REDUCING BACTERIA; HYPORHEIC ZONE; CHROMATE REDUCTION;
SUBSURFACE EXCHANGE; AQUIFER SEDIMENTS; ALLUVIAL AQUIFER; STREAM;
URANIUM; TECHNETIUM; FE(III)
AB Biogeochemical processes within riverbed hyporheic zones (HZ) can potentially impact the fate and transport of contaminants. We evaluated a modified freeze core technique for the collection of intact cobble-bed samples from the Columbia River HZ along a stretch of the Hanford Reach in Washington State and investigated microbiological and geochemical parameters of corresponding frozen and unfrozen samples. During three sampling periods (March, May, and November 2000), relatively high numbers of viable aerobic heterotrophic bacteria were recovered from both unfrozen (10(6)-10(7) cfu/g) and frozen samples (10(5)-10(6) cfu/g). Relatively large populations of sulfate-, nitrate-, and iron-reducing bacteria were present, and significant concentrations of acid-volatile sulfide were measured in some samples, indicating that anoxic regions exist within this zone. Cr(VI), a priority groundwater pollutant on adjacent U.S. Department of Energy lands, was probably removed from solution in HZ samples by a combination of microbial activity and chemical reduction, presumably via products of anaerobic microbial metabolism. These results suggest that biogeochemical processes in the Columbia River HZ may contribute to the natural attenuation of Cr(VI). Although freezing modestly diminished recovery of viable bacteria, freeze core techniques proved reliable for the collection of intact hyporheic sediments.
C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
Univ Tennessee, Ctr Environm Biotechnol, Knoxville, TN 37932 USA.
RP Moser, DP (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
NR 74
TC 26
Z9 28
U1 2
U2 32
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD NOV 15
PY 2003
VL 37
IS 22
BP 5127
EP 5134
DI 10.1021/es034457v
PG 8
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 743YN
UT WOS:000186601300007
PM 14655698
ER
PT J
AU Satapanajaru, T
Shea, PJ
Comfort, SD
Roh, Y
AF Satapanajaru, T
Shea, PJ
Comfort, SD
Roh, Y
TI Green rust and iron oxide formation influences metolachlor
dechlorination during zerovalent iron treatment
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID ZERO-VALENT IRON; PERMEABLE REACTIVE BARRIERS; REDUCTIVE DECHLORINATION;
CARBON-TETRACHLORIDE; AQUEOUS SUSPENSIONS; REACTION-MECHANISM; NITRATE
REDUCTION; FERRIC HYDROXIDE; FE(II); SULFATE
AB Electron transfer from zerovalent iron (Fe-0) to targeted contaminants is affected by initial Fe-0 composition, the oxides formed during corrosion, and surrounding electrolytes. We previously observed enhanced metolachlor destruction by Fe-0 when iron or aluminum salts were present in the aqueous matrix and Eh/pH conditions favored formation of green rusts. To understand these enhanced destruction rates, we characterized changes in Fe-0 composition during treatment of metolachlor with and without iron and aluminum salts. Raman microspectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) indicated that the iron source was initially coated with a thin layer of magnetite (Fe3O4), maghemite (gamma-Fe2O3) and wustite (FeO). Time-resolved analysis indicated that akaganeite (beta-FeOOH) was the dominant oxide formed during Fe-0 treatment of metolachlor. Goethite (alpha-FeOOH) and some lepidocrocite (gamma-FeOOH) formed when Al-2(SO4)(3) was present, while goethite and magnetite (Fe3O4) were identified in Fe-0 treatments containing FeSO4. Although conditions favoring formation of sulfate green rust (GR(II); Fe-6(OH)(12)SO4) facilitated Fe-0-mediated dechlorination of metolachlor, only adsorption was observed when GR(II) was synthesized (without FeO) in the presence of metolachlor and Eh/pH changed to favor Fe(III)oxyhydroxide or magnetite formation. In contrast, dechlorination occurred when magnetite or natural goethite was amended with Fe(II) (as FeSO4) at pH 8 and continued as long as additional Fe(II) was provided. While metolachlor was not dechlorinated by GR(II) itself during a 48-h incubation, the GR(II) provided a source of Fe(II) and produced magnetite (and other oxide surfaces) that coordinated Fe(II), which then facilitated dechlorination.
C1 Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.
Kasetsart Univ, Dept Environm Sci, Bangkok 10900, Thailand.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Shea, PJ (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.
OI Satapanajaru, Tunlawit/0000-0001-5922-033X
NR 60
TC 48
Z9 51
U1 5
U2 48
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD NOV 15
PY 2003
VL 37
IS 22
BP 5219
EP 5227
DI 10.1021/es0303485
PG 9
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 743YN
UT WOS:000186601300020
PM 14655711
ER
PT J
AU Moudgal, CJ
Venkatapathy, R
Choudhury, H
Bruce, RM
Lipscomb, JC
AF Moudgal, CJ
Venkatapathy, R
Choudhury, H
Bruce, RM
Lipscomb, JC
TI Application of QSTRs in the selection of a surrogate toxicity value for
a chemical of concern
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID TYPHIMURIUM; METABOLISM
AB As part of the EPA's mission to protect the environment, chemicals of concern (CoCs) at Superfund or other hazardous waste sites are cleaned up based on their potential toxicity to humans and the surrounding ecosystem. Oftentimes, there is a lack of experimental toxicity data to assess the health effects for a CoC in the literature. This research describes a method using Quantitative Structure Toxicity Relationships (QSTRs) for identifying a surrogate chemical for any given CoC. The toxicity data of the surrogate chemical can then be used to rank hazardous waste-site chemicals prior to cleanup decisions. A commercial QSTR model, TOPKAT, was used to establish structural and descriptor similarity between the CoC and the compounds in the QSTR model database using the Oral Rat Chronic LOAEL model. All database chemicals within a similarity distance of less than or equal to0.200 from the CoC are considered as potential surrogates. If the CoC fails to satisfy model considerations for the LOAEL model, no surrogate is suggested. Potential surrogates that have toxicity data on Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS), Health Effects Assessment Summary Tables (HEAST), or National Center for Environmental Assessment (NCEA) provisional toxicity value list become candidate surrogates. If more than one candidate surrogate is identified, the chemical with the most conservative RfD is suggested as the surrogate. The procedure was applied to determine an appropriate surrogate for dichlorobenzophenone (DCBP), a metabolite of chlorobenzilate, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, and dicofol. Forty-seven potential surrogates were identified that were within the similarity distance of less than or equal to0.200, of which only five chemicals had an RfD on IRIS, HEAST, or on the NCEA provisional toxicity value list. Among the five potential surrogates, chlorobenzilate with an RfD of 2 x 10(-2) mg/kg-day was chosen as a surrogate for DCBP as it had the most conservative toxicity value. This compared well with surrogate selection using available metabolic information for DCBP and its metabolites or parent compounds in the literature and the provisional toxicity value of 3 x 10(-2) mg/kg-day that NCEA developed using a subchronic study.
C1 US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
RP Moudgal, CJ (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
NR 21
TC 10
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 8
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD NOV 15
PY 2003
VL 37
IS 22
BP 5228
EP 5235
DI 10.1021/es034201p
PG 8
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 743YN
UT WOS:000186601300021
PM 14655712
ER
PT J
AU Fellows, RJ
Wang, ZM
Ainsworth, CC
AF Fellows, RJ
Wang, ZM
Ainsworth, CC
TI Europium uptake and partitioning in oat (Avena sativa) roots as studied
by laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy and confocal microscopy
profiling technique
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID DATURA-INNOXIA BIOMATERIAL; METAL-ION-BINDING; WATER HYACINTH;
LUMINESCENCE; PLANTS; TRANSPORT; PLAQUE; ACIDS; ACCUMULATION; EU(III)
AB The uptake of Eu3+ by elongating oat roots was studied by fluorescence spectroscopy, fluorescence lifetime measurement, and a laser excitation time-resolved confocal fluorescence profiling technique. The results of this work indicated that initial uptake of Eu3+ was highest within the undifferentiated cells of the root tip just behind the root cap, a region of maximal cell growth and differentiation and with incomplete formation of the Casparian strip around the central vascular cylinder. Distribution of assimilated Eu3+ within the root's differentiation and elongation zone was nonuniform. Higher concentrations of Eu3+ were observed within the vascular cylinder, specifically in the phloem and developing xylem parenchyma. Elevated levels of the metal were also observed in the root hairs of the mature root zone. Fluorescence spectroscopic characteristics of the assimilated Eu3+ suggested that the Eu3+ exists as inner-sphere mononuclear complexes inside the root. This work also demonstrated the effectiveness of a time-resolved Eu3+ fluorescence spectroscopy and confocal fluorescence profiling techniques for the in vivo, real-time study of metal [Eu3+] accumulation by a functioning intact plant root. This approach can prove valuable for basic and applied studies in plant nutrition and environmental uptake of actinide radionuclides.
C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Wang, ZM (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999,MS K8-96, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RI Wang, Zheming/E-8244-2010
OI Wang, Zheming/0000-0002-1986-4357
NR 55
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 15
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD NOV 15
PY 2003
VL 37
IS 22
BP 5247
EP 5253
DI 10.1021/es0343609
PG 7
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 743YN
UT WOS:000186601300023
PM 14655714
ER
PT J
AU Gray, GT
Bourne, NK
Millett, JCF
AF Gray, GT
Bourne, NK
Millett, JCF
TI Shock response of tantalum: Lateral stress and shear strength through
the front
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID CYLINDER IMPACT TEST; PIEZORESISTANCE GAUGES; MANGANIN GAUGES;
SINGLE-CRYSTALS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; HYDROSTATIC-PRESSURE;
DYNAMIC-ANALYSIS; TUNGSTEN ALLOYS; BEHAVIOR; WAVE
AB Lateral stresses generated by shock loading in tantalum have been determined using manganin stress gauges. These have been used in combination with the measured longitudinal impact stresses to determine the shear strength behind the shock. Results show that with an increase in impact stress, the shear strength in tantalum also increases. Analysis shows that during shock loading the lateral stress in tantalum increases behind the shock front. Since the longitudinal stress is nominally constant until arrival of the release, this implies that the shear strength is reducing behind the shock front. The shock-wave response of tantalum is discussed in the context of a previous weak-shock wave-profile analysis of tantalum, and in terms of the defect generation and storage response of pure face-centered- versus body-centered-cubic metals. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics.
C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Cranfield Univ, Royal Mil Coll Sci, Swindon SN6 8LA, Wilts, England.
RP Gray, GT (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM rusty@lanl.gov
RI Bourne, Neil/A-7544-2008
NR 73
TC 69
Z9 72
U1 1
U2 13
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD NOV 15
PY 2003
VL 94
IS 10
BP 6430
EP 6436
DI 10.1063/1.1620679
PG 7
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 738FT
UT WOS:000186276600029
ER
PT J
AU Chirila, MM
Garces, NY
Halliburton, LE
Demos, SG
Land, TA
Radousky, HB
AF Chirila, MM
Garces, NY
Halliburton, LE
Demos, SG
Land, TA
Radousky, HB
TI Production and thermal decay of radiation-induced point defects in
KD2PO4 crystals
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID POTASSIUM DIHYDROGEN PHOSPHATE; ELECTRON-SPIN-RESONANCE;
GAMMA-IRRADIATED KH2PO4; OPTICAL-ABSORPTION; ATOMIC-HYDROGEN; KDP;
LUMINESCENCE; IDENTIFICATION; HALIDES; LASER
AB Optical absorption and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) techniques have been used to characterize the production and thermal decay of point defects in undoped single crystals of KD2PO4 grown at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. A crystal was irradiated at 77 K with x rays, and then warmed to room temperature. Immediately after irradiation, broad optical absorption bands were observed to peak near 230, 390, and 550 nm. During warming, these absorption bands thermally decayed in the 80-140 K range. Another absorption band peaking near 450 nm appeared as the three bands disappeared. This last band decayed between 140 and 240 K. Correlations with EPR data suggest that the band at 230 nm is associated with interstitial deuterium atoms, the two bands at 390 and 550 nm are associated with self-trapped holes, and the band at 450 nm is associated with holes trapped adjacent to deuterium vacancies. Additional EPR spectra from several oxygen-vacancy centers and a silicon-associated hole center were observed as the crystal was warmed. All the electron and hole traps reported in this study are expected to participate in the room-temperature response of KD2PO4 crystals to pulsed high-power ultraviolet laser beams. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics.
C1 W Virginia Univ, Dept Phys, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.
Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RP Chirila, MM (reprint author), W Virginia Univ, Dept Phys, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.
NR 24
TC 40
Z9 41
U1 3
U2 11
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD NOV 15
PY 2003
VL 94
IS 10
BP 6456
EP 6462
DI 10.1063/1.1620680
PG 7
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 738FT
UT WOS:000186276600033
ER
PT J
AU Wu, J
Walukiewicz, W
Yu, KM
Shan, W
Ager, JW
Haller, EE
Lu, H
Schaff, WJ
Metzger, WK
Kurtz, S
AF Wu, J
Walukiewicz, W
Yu, KM
Shan, W
Ager, JW
Haller, EE
Lu, H
Schaff, WJ
Metzger, WK
Kurtz, S
TI Superior radiation resistance of In1-xGaxN alloys: Full-solar-spectrum
photovoltaic material system
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID FUNDAMENTAL-BAND GAP; SURFACE RECOMBINATION; CELLS; INN;
DISCONTINUITIES; SEMICONDUCTORS; TEMPERATURE; GAINNAS; GROWTH; LAYER
AB High-efficiency multijunction or tandem solar cells based on group III-V semiconductor alloys are applied in a rapidly expanding range of space and terrestrial programs. Resistance to high-energy radiation damage is an essential feature of such cells as they power most satellites, including those used for communications, defense, and scientific research. Recently we have shown that the energy gap of In1-xGaxN alloys potentially can be continuously varied from 0.7 to 3.4 eV, providing a full-solar-spectrum material system for multijunction solar cells. We find that the optical and electronic properties of these alloys exhibit a much higher resistance to high-energy (2 MeV) proton irradiation than the standard currently used photovoltaic materials such as GaAs and GaInP, and therefore offer great potential for radiation-hard high-efficiency solar cells for space applications. The observed insensitivity of the semiconductor characteristics to the radiation damage is explained by the location of the band edges relative to the average dangling bond defect energy represented by the Fermi level stabilization energy in In1-xGaxN alloys. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics.
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Cornell Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Wu, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM w_walukiewicz@lbl.gov
RI Wu, Junqiao/G-7840-2011; Yu, Kin Man/J-1399-2012;
OI Wu, Junqiao/0000-0002-1498-0148; Yu, Kin Man/0000-0003-1350-9642; Ager,
Joel/0000-0001-9334-9751
NR 33
TC 414
Z9 426
U1 5
U2 93
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD NOV 15
PY 2003
VL 94
IS 10
BP 6477
EP 6482
DI 10.1063/1.1618353
PG 6
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 738FT
UT WOS:000186276600037
ER
PT J
AU Istratov, AA
Buonassisi, T
McDonald, RJ
Smith, AR
Schindler, R
Rand, JA
Kalejs, JP
Weber, ER
AF Istratov, AA
Buonassisi, T
McDonald, RJ
Smith, AR
Schindler, R
Rand, JA
Kalejs, JP
Weber, ER
TI Metal content of multicrystalline silicon for solar cells and its impact
on minority carrier diffusion length
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID RECOMBINATION PROPERTIES; ELECTRICAL-ACTIVITY; PHOTOVOLTAIC
APPLICATIONS; IRON CONTAMINATION; GRAIN-BOUNDARY; COPPER; IMPURITIES;
PRECIPITATION; IMPROVEMENT; CLUSTERS
AB Instrumental neutron activation analysis was performed to determine the transition metal content in three types of silicon material for cost-efficient solar cells: Astropower silicon-film sheet material, Baysix cast material, and edge-defined film-fed growth (EFG) multicrystalline silicon ribbon. The dominant metal impurities were found to be Fe (6x10(14) cm(-3) to 1.5x10(16) cm(-3), depending on the material), Ni (up to 1.8x10(15) cm(-3)), Co (1.7x10(12) cm(-3) to 9.7x10(13) cm(-3)), Mo (6.4x10(12) cm(-3) to 4.6x10(13) cm(-3)), and Cr (1.7x10(12) cm(-3) to 1.8x10(15) cm(-3)). Copper was also detected (less than 2.4x10(14) cm(-3)), but its concentration could not be accurately determined because of a very short decay time of the corresponding radioactive isotope. In all samples, the metal contamination level would be sufficient to degrade the minority carrier diffusion length to less than a micron, if all metals were in an interstitial or substitutional state. This is a much lower value than the actual measured diffusion length of these samples. Therefore, most likely, the metals either formed clusters or precipitates with relatively low recombination activity or are very inhomogeneously distributed within the samples. No significant difference was observed between the metal content of the high and low lifetime areas of each material. X-ray microprobe fluorescence spectrometry mapping of Astropower mc-Si samples confirmed that transition metals formed agglomerates both at grain boundaries and within the grains. It is concluded that the impact of metals on solar cell efficiency is determined not only by the total metal concentration, but also by the distribution of metals within the grains and the chemical composition of the clusters formed by the metals. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics.
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Fraunhofer Inst Solar Energy Syst, D-79110 Freiburg, Germany.
Astropower, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
RWE Schott Solar Inc, Billerica, MA 01821 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Istratov, AA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, MS 62R0203,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RI Buonassisi, Tonio/J-2723-2012
NR 40
TC 139
Z9 147
U1 4
U2 38
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD NOV 15
PY 2003
VL 94
IS 10
BP 6552
EP 6559
DI 10.1063/1.1618912
PG 8
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 738FT
UT WOS:000186276600049
ER
PT J
AU Park, JY
Phaneuf, RJ
AF Park, JY
Phaneuf, RJ
TI Investigation of the direct electromigration term for Al nanodots within
the depletion zone of a pn junction
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; SILICON-OXIDE; AU NANODOTS;
POTENTIOMETRY; FABRICATION
AB We have investigated the effect of the large field produced within the depletion region of a pn junction on the shapes and positions of aluminum nanodots. Dots of 10-60 nm diameter were fabricated by the application of voltage pulses between an Al-coated scanning tunneling microscopy tip and the Si substrate. Reverse bias conditions produce an intense field (10(4)-10(5) V/cm), but the current density is quite small (similar to10(-2) A/cm(2)). This electric field dominated configuration provides a unique model system for the separation of the two components of electromigration, direct and wind forces. We find that even after several tens of hours the observed motion of Al is confined to small changes in dot shape, with no evident motion of the dots as a whole. Our observations are consistent with a strong adhesion between the dots and the underlying substrate and a dominant direct force term. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics.
C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
Lab Phys Sci, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
RP Park, JY (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Sci Mat, M-S 66-200, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RI Park, Jeong Young/A-2999-2008
NR 15
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD NOV 15
PY 2003
VL 94
IS 10
BP 6883
EP 6886
DI 10.1063/1.1619193
PG 4
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 738FT
UT WOS:000186276600101
ER
PT J
AU He, X
DebRoy, T
Fuerschbach, PW
AF He, X
DebRoy, T
Fuerschbach, PW
TI Probing temperature during laser spot welding from vapor composition and
modeling
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID MONTE-CARLO-SIMULATION; ALLOYING ELEMENT VAPORIZATION; METAL COMPOSITION
CHANGE; HEAT-TRANSFER; FLUID-FLOW; GRAIN-GROWTH; ALUMINUM-ALLOYS;
CURRENT ISSUES; PHASE-CHANGE; FREE-SURFACE
AB Measurement of weld pool temperature during laser spot welding is a difficult task because of the short pulse duration, often lasting only a few milliseconds, highly transient nature of the process, and the presence of a metal vapor plume near the weld pool. This article describes recent research to estimate weld pool temperatures experimentally and theoretically. Composition of the metal vapor from the weld pool was determined by condensing a portion of the vapor on the inner surface of an open ended quartz tube which was mounted perpendicular to the sample surface and coaxial with the laser beam. It was found that iron, chromium, and manganese were the main metallic species in the vapor phase. The concentrations of Fe and Cr in the vapor increased slightly while the concentration of Mn in the vapor decreased somewhat with the increase in power density. The vapor composition was used to determine an effective temperature of the weld pool. A transient, three-dimensional numerical heat transfer and fluid flow model based on the solution of the equations of conservation of mass, momentum and energy was used to calculate the temperature and velocity fields in the weld pool as a function of time. The experimentally determined geometry of the spot welds agreed well with that determined from the computed temperature field. The effective temperature determined from the vapor composition was found to be close to the numerically computed peak temperature at the weld pool surface. Because of the short process duration and other serious problems in the direct measurement of temperature during laser spot welding, estimating approximate values of peak temperature from metal vapor composition is particularly valuable. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics.
C1 Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
Sandia Natl Labs, Joining & Coating Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP DebRoy, T (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
EM debroy@psu.edu
RI DebRoy, Tarasankar/A-2106-2010
NR 52
TC 51
Z9 51
U1 3
U2 31
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD NOV 15
PY 2003
VL 94
IS 10
BP 6949
EP 6958
DI 10.1063/1.1622118
PG 10
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 738FT
UT WOS:000186276600111
ER
PT J
AU Sztucki, M
Metzger, TH
Kegel, I
Tilke, A
Rouviere, JL
Lubbert, D
Arthur, J
Patel, JR
AF Sztucki, M
Metzger, TH
Kegel, I
Tilke, A
Rouviere, JL
Lubbert, D
Arthur, J
Patel, JR
TI X-ray analysis of temperature induced defect structures in boron
implanted silicon (vol 92, pg 3694, 2003)
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Correction
C1 Univ Munich, CeNS, D-80539 Munich, Germany.
European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, F-38043 Grenoble, France.
CEA Grenoble, Dept Rech Fondamentale Mat Condensee, SP2M, F-38054 Grenoble, France.
Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, SSRL, Stanford, CA 94309 USA.
Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, ALS, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Sztucki, M (reprint author), Univ Munich, CeNS, Geschwister Scholl Pl 1, D-80539 Munich, Germany.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD NOV 15
PY 2003
VL 94
IS 10
BP 7000
EP 7000
DI 10.1063/1.1622119
PG 1
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 738FT
UT WOS:000186276600122
ER
PT J
AU Pravia, MA
Boulant, N
Emerson, J
Farid, A
Fortunato, EM
Havel, TF
Martinez, R
Cory, DG
AF Pravia, MA
Boulant, N
Emerson, J
Farid, A
Fortunato, EM
Havel, TF
Martinez, R
Cory, DG
TI Robust control of quantum information
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; NMR POPULATION-INVERSION; COMPOSITE PULSES;
ACTIVE CONTROL; BROAD-BAND; COMPUTATION; DYNAMICS; COMPENSATION;
SPECTROSCOPY; SELECTION
AB Errors in the control of quantum systems may be classified as unitary, decoherent, and incoherent. Unitary errors are systematic, and result in a density matrix that differs from the desired one by a unitary operation. Decoherent errors correspond to general completely positive superoperators, and can only be corrected using methods such as quantum error correction. Incoherent errors can also be described, on average, by completely positive superoperators, but can nevertheless be corrected by the application of a locally unitary operation that "refocuses" them. They are due to reproducible spatial or temporal variations in the system's Hamiltonian, so that information on the variations is encoded in the system's spatiotemporal state and can be used to correct them. In this paper liquid-state nuclear magnetic resonance is used to demonstrate that such refocusing effects can be built directly into the control fields, where the incoherence arises from spatial inhomogeneities in the quantizing static magnetic field as well as the radio-frequency control fields themselves. Using perturbation theory, it is further shown that the eigenvalue spectrum of the completely positive superoperator exhibits a characteristic spread that contains information on the Hamiltonians' underlying distribution. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics.
C1 MIT, Dept Nucl Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Comp Sci, Rio Piedras, PR 00931 USA.
MIT, Dept Mech Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Cory, DG (reprint author), MIT, Dept Nucl Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
EM dcory@mit.edu
NR 31
TC 61
Z9 61
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD NOV 15
PY 2003
VL 119
IS 19
BP 9993
EP 10001
DI 10.1063/1.1619132
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 738EF
UT WOS:000186273200004
ER
PT J
AU Maisuradze, GG
Thompson, DL
Wagner, AF
Minkoff, M
AF Maisuradze, GG
Thompson, DL
Wagner, AF
Minkoff, M
TI Interpolating moving least-squares methods for fitting potential energy
surfaces: Detailed analysis of one-dimensional applications
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID REPRESENTATION; DYNAMICS
AB We present the basic formal and numerical aspects of higher degree interpolated moving least-squares (IMLS) methods. For simplicity, applications of these methods are restricted to two one-dimensional (1D) test cases: a Morse oscillator and a 1D slice of the HN2-->H+N-2 potential energy surface. For these two test cases, we systematically examine the effect of parameters in the weight function (intrinsic to IMLS methods), the degree of the IMLS fit, and the number and placement of potential energy points. From this systematic study, we discover compact and accurate representations of potentials and their derivatives for first-degree and higher-degree (up to nine degree) IMLS fits. We show how the number of ab initio points needed to achieve a given accuracy declines with the degree of the IMLS. We outline automatic procedures for ab initio point selection that can optimize this decline. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics.
C1 Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Chem, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Maisuradze, GG (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Chem, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
NR 21
TC 66
Z9 72
U1 0
U2 9
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD NOV 15
PY 2003
VL 119
IS 19
BP 10002
EP 10014
DI 10.1063/1.1617271
PG 13
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 738EF
UT WOS:000186273200005
ER
PT J
AU Wester, R
Bragg, AE
Davis, AV
Neumark, DM
AF Wester, R
Bragg, AE
Davis, AV
Neumark, DM
TI Time-resolved study of the symmetric S(N)2-reaction I-+CH3I
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID FEMTOSECOND PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; PHASE S(N)2 REACTIONS;
NUCLEOPHILIC DISPLACEMENT-REACTIONS; POTENTIAL-ENERGY SURFACES;
CL-+CH(3)BRS(N)2 REACTION; SUBSTITUTION-REACTIONS; CL-+CH3CL
ASSOCIATION; CHEMICAL-REACTION; QUANTUM DYNAMICS; SOLVENT DYNAMICS
AB Time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy of negative ions has been applied to study the title reaction as a model system for gas phase S(N)2 reactions. Starting from the precursor cluster I-2(-).CH3I, the interaction of the reactants I- and CH3I is initiated by a pump pulse and the subsequent dynamics are observed with a delayed probe pulse used to detach the excess electron and measure their photoelectron spectra. Using two different pump photon energies, which lead to different amounts of internal energy available to the reaction complex, a number of dynamical features have been observed. For small internal excitation, the reactants only form stable, albeit vibrationally excited, I-.CH3I complexes. However, with increased internal excitation, complexes are formed that exhibit biexponential decay back to I- and CH3I reactants with time scales of 0.8 and 10 ps. Similar dynamics are expected for entrance channel complex formed in the first step of a gas phase S(N)2 reaction. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics.
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Neumark, DM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RI Neumark, Daniel/B-9551-2009; Wester, Roland/J-6293-2012
OI Neumark, Daniel/0000-0002-3762-9473; Wester, Roland/0000-0001-7935-6066
NR 56
TC 27
Z9 27
U1 0
U2 18
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD NOV 15
PY 2003
VL 119
IS 19
BP 10032
EP 10039
DI 10.1063/1.1618220
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 738EF
UT WOS:000186273200007
ER
PT J
AU Bell, P
Aguirre, F
Grant, ER
Pratt, ST
AF Bell, P
Aguirre, F
Grant, ER
Pratt, ST
TI Mode-dependent vibrational autoionization of NO2
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID DOUBLE-RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY; HIGHER EXCITED-STATES; STRETCH FERMI
RESONANCE; HIGH RYDBERG STATES; JET-COOLED ANILINE;
PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; THRESHOLD PHOTOIONIZATION; BRANCHING RATIOS;
HIGH-RESOLUTION; H-2
AB Triple-resonance excitation and high-resolution photoelectron spectroscopy were combined to study the mode dependence of vibrational autoionization in Rydberg states of NO2. Photoselection isolates vibrational autoionization via the symmetric stretching vibration, nu(1), and the bending vibration, nu(2). The previously characterized Fermi resonance between one quantum of nu(1) and two quanta of nu(2) [H. Matsui , J. Mol. Spectrosc. 175, 203 (1996)] allows the comparison of the vibrational autoionization matrix elements for these two modes. The squared matrix element for vibrational autoionization via the symmetric stretch is found to be approximately 35 times greater than that for the bend, which is also consistent with previous results. The results are discussed in terms of existing theoretical models for the autoionization process. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics.
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
Purdue Univ, Dept Chem, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
Purdue Univ, Dept Chem, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
RP Bell, P (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
NR 43
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 4
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD NOV 15
PY 2003
VL 119
IS 19
BP 10146
EP 10157
DI 10.1063/1.1618218
PG 12
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 738EF
UT WOS:000186273200020
ER
PT J
AU Srivastava, A
Osgood, RM
AF Srivastava, A
Osgood, RM
TI State-resolved dynamics of 248 nm methyl-iodide fragmentation on
GaAs(110)
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID DISSOCIATIVE ELECTRON-ATTACHMENT; MULTIPHOTON IONIZATION;
PHOTOFRAGMENTATION DYNAMICS; SEMICONDUCTOR SURFACES; ALKYL BROMIDES;
CROSS-SECTIONS; UMBRELLA MODE; NEGATIVE-IONS; CHAIN-LENGTH; DIODE-LASER
AB The 248 nm initiated dissociation dynamics of methyl iodide physisorbed on GaAs (110) is investigated using 2+1 REMPI detection of the CH3 umbrella mode. The velocity and vibrational distributions of the photofragment are dependent on the adsorbate coverage and surface termination. Two translational energy distributions are measured for the CH3 fragment at high coverage, i.e., 25 ML, with maxima at 1 and 1.9 eV. These maxima are within 0.5-0.7 eV of those obtained in direct dissociation of gas-phase CH3I. At 1 ML one distribution is measured with its maxima at 0.3 eV. A modification of the surface with chemisorbed iodine reduces the yield of the CH3 at 1 ML but not at 25 ML. The dissociation dynamics observed at 1 ML is attributed to bond scission following electron attachment while that at 25 ML to direct photodissociation. At 3 ML coverage both the 1 and 25 ML components are observed. The measured fragment vibrational distribution at 1 ML has a 4 times lower v"=1/v"=0 ratio compared with that at 25 ML. Differences in the translational and vibrational distributions for the two dissociation mechanisms are attributed to the available energy and molecular geometry of photoexcited CH3I. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics.
C1 Columbia Univ, Columbia Radiat Lab, New York, NY 10027 USA.
Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Osgood, RM (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Phys & Adv Technol, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
NR 35
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 5
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD NOV 15
PY 2003
VL 119
IS 19
BP 10298
EP 10306
DI 10.1063/1.1619944
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 738EF
UT WOS:000186273200036
ER
PT J
AU Kraack, H
Ocko, BM
Pershan, PS
Sloutskin, E
Deutsch, M
AF Kraack, H
Ocko, BM
Pershan, PS
Sloutskin, E
Deutsch, M
TI Langmuir films of normal-alkanes on the surface of liquid mercury
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID X-RAY REFLECTIVITY; AIR-WATER-INTERFACE; REENTRANT APPEARANCE; ORGANIC
MONOLAYERS; DENSITY PROFILE; VAPOR INTERFACE; N-ALKANES; DIFFRACTION;
SCATTERING; ARCHITECTURES
AB The coverage dependent phase behavior of molecular films of n-alkanes (CH3CHn-2CH3, denote Cn) on mercury was studied for lengths 10less than or equal tonless than or equal to50, using surface tensiometry and surface x-ray diffraction methods. In contrast with Langmuir films on water, where roughly surface-normal molecular orientation is invariably found, alkanes on mercury are always oriented surface-parallel, and show no long-range in-plane order at any surface pressure. At a low coverage a two-dimensional gas phase is found, followed, upon increasing the coverage, by a single condensed layer (nless than or equal to18), a sequence of single and double layers (19less than or equal tonless than or equal to20; ngreater than or equal to26), or a sequence of single, double, and triple layers (22less than or equal tonless than or equal to24). The thermodynamical and structural properties of these layers, as determined from the measurements, are discussed. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics.
C1 Bar Ilan Univ, Dept Phys, IL-52900 Ramat Gan, Israel.
Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Bar Ilan Univ, Dept Phys, IL-52900 Ramat Gan, Israel.
RP Kraack, H (reprint author), Bar Ilan Univ, Dept Phys, IL-52900 Ramat Gan, Israel.
EM deutsch@mail.biu.ac.il
NR 77
TC 25
Z9 26
U1 0
U2 10
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD NOV 15
PY 2003
VL 119
IS 19
BP 10339
EP 10349
DI 10.1063/1.1618211
PG 11
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 738EF
UT WOS:000186273200042
ER
PT J
AU Ashbaugh, HS
Truskett, TM
Debenedetti, PG
AF Ashbaugh, HS
Truskett, TM
Debenedetti, PG
TI Response to "Comment on 'A simple molecular thermodynamic theory of
hydrophobic hydration'
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Letter
C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Univ Texas, Dept Chem Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
Univ Texas, Inst Theoret Chem, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
Princeton Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
RP Ashbaugh, HS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RI Truskett, Thomas/D-4624-2009; Ashbaugh, Henry/C-9767-2011; Truskett,
Thomas/C-4996-2014
OI Truskett, Thomas/0000-0002-6607-6468;
NR 3
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD NOV 15
PY 2003
VL 119
IS 19
BP 10450
EP 10451
DI 10.1063/1.1619938
PG 2
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 738EF
UT WOS:000186273200057
ER
PT J
AU Tamura, S
Takeuchi, K
Mao, GM
Csencsits, R
Fan, LX
Otomo, T
Saboungi, ML
AF Tamura, S
Takeuchi, K
Mao, GM
Csencsits, R
Fan, LX
Otomo, T
Saboungi, ML
TI Colloidal silver iodide: synthesis by a reverse micelle method and
investigation by a small-angle neutron scattering study
SO JOURNAL OF ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT International Symposium on Materials Processing for Nanostructured
Devices (MPND2001)
CY SEP 16-19, 2001
CL KYOTO, JAPAN
DE nanoparticle; reverse micelle method; silver iodide; small-angle neutron
scattering
ID PARTICLES; NANOPARTICLES; SYSTEMS; SHAPE; SIZE
AB Silver iodide nanoparticles were prepared by mixing two microemulsions containing the precursor salts, silver nitrate and potassium iodide. Five values of w = [water]/[surfactant] were used, namely 2, 4, 8, 16, and 32. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed that the nanoparticle diameters were 4-240 nm and increased proportionally with w. The nanoparticles prepared from a microemulsion of w = 2 and 8 showed brown and ocherous colors respectively, while bulk silver iodide powder is pale yellow. The crystal structure was determined by neutron powder diffraction. The composition was estimated to be 25% beta-AgI and 75% gamma-AgI. The super-ionic conductor phase could not be detected at room temperature. The w = 8 microemulsion was examined with small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) in order to study the core-shell structure of the reverse micelles at various temperatures. Measurements were carried out at 20 and 9 degreesC and then at 70 degreesC and finally at 28 degreesC, in order to investigate whether the structural changes were reversible with temperature. The total radius of the micelles, surfactant shell thickness and water core radius decreased with increasing temperature and the changes were reversible with temperature. The particle diameters derived by TEM were generally larger than those estimated from the SANS measurements. This suggested that the silver iodide nuclei formed initially grew to reach a certain size, corresponding to the most thermodynamically stable species in the microemulsion, because of the fast exchange between the water cores. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Tokyo Univ Sci Yamaguchi, Fac Sci & Engn, Onoda 7560884, Japan.
Sci Univ Tokyo, Fac Ind Sci & Technol, Oshamanbe Town 0493514, Japan.
Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
KEK, High Energy Accelerator Res Org, Inst Mat Struct Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan.
RP Tamura, S (reprint author), Tokyo Univ Sci Yamaguchi, Fac Sci & Engn, 1-1-1 Daigaku Dori, Onoda 7560884, Japan.
RI Saboungi, Marie-Louise/C-5920-2013; Otomo, Toshiya/C-6178-2013
OI Saboungi, Marie-Louise/0000-0002-0607-4815; Otomo,
Toshiya/0000-0002-7210-8374
NR 18
TC 13
Z9 18
U1 1
U2 19
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0022-0728
J9 J ELECTROANAL CHEM
JI J. Electroanal. Chem.
PD NOV 15
PY 2003
VL 559
BP 103
EP 109
DI 10.1016/S0022-0728(02)01470-5
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry
SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry
GA 749JZ
UT WOS:000186917900017
ER
PT J
AU Carmichael, GR
Tang, Y
Kurata, G
Uno, I
Streets, DG
Thongboonchoo, N
Woo, JH
Guttikunda, S
White, A
Wang, T
Blake, DR
Atlas, E
Fried, A
Potter, B
Avery, MA
Sachse, GW
Sandholm, ST
Kondo, Y
Talbot, RW
Bandy, A
Thorton, D
Clarke, AD
AF Carmichael, GR
Tang, Y
Kurata, G
Uno, I
Streets, DG
Thongboonchoo, N
Woo, JH
Guttikunda, S
White, A
Wang, T
Blake, DR
Atlas, E
Fried, A
Potter, B
Avery, MA
Sachse, GW
Sandholm, ST
Kondo, Y
Talbot, RW
Bandy, A
Thorton, D
Clarke, AD
TI Evaluating regional emission estimates using the TRACE-P observations
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
DE emission evaluation; chemical transport model; TRACE-P; biomass burning
ID CHEMICAL-TRANSPORT MODEL; CARBON-MONOXIDE; ASIA; BIOMASS; PACIFIC;
SYSTEM; CO
AB Measurements obtained during the NASA Transport and Chemical Evolution over the Pacific (TRACE-P) experiment are used in conjunction with regional modeling analysis to evaluate emission estimates for Asia. A comparison between the modeled values and the observations is one method to evaluate emissions. Based on such analysis it is concluded that the inventory performs well for the light alkanes, CO, ethyne, SO2, and NOx. Furthermore, based on model skill in predicting important photochemical species such as O-3, HCHO, OH, HO2, and HNO3, it is found that the emissions inventories are of sufficient quality to support preliminary studies of ozone production. These are important finding in light of the fact that emission estimates for many species (such as speciated NMHCs and BC) for this region have only recently been estimated and are highly uncertain. Using a classification of the measurements built upon trajectory analysis, we compare observed species distributions and ratios of species to those modeled and to ratios estimated from the emissions inventory. It is shown that this technique can reconstruct a spatial distribution of propane/benzene that looks remarkably similar to that calculated from the emissions inventory. A major discrepancy between modeled and observed behavior is found in the Yellow Sea, where modeled values are systematically underpredicted. The integrated analysis suggests that this may be related to an underestimation of emissions from the domestic sector. The emission is further tested by comparing observed and measured species ratios in identified megacity plumes. Many of the model derived ratios (e.g., BC/CO, SOx/C2H2) fall within similar to25% of those observed and all fall outside of a factor of 2.5.
C1 Univ Iowa, Ctr Global & Reg Environm Res, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
Toyohashi Univ Technol, Dept Ecol Engn, Toyohashi, Aichi 4418580, Japan.
Kyushu Univ, Appl Mech Res Inst, Fukuoka 8168580, Japan.
Argonne Natl Lab, Decis & Informat Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
Hong Kong Polytech Univ, Dept Civil & Struct Engn, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Chem, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
Univ Tulsa, Tulsa, OK 74104 USA.
NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
Georgia Inst Technol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
Univ Tokyo, Adv Sci & Technol Res Ctr, Meguro Ku, Tokyo 1538904, Japan.
Univ New Hampshire, Inst Study Earth Oceans & Space, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
Drexel Univ, Dept Chem, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
Univ Hawaii, Sch Ocean & Earth Sci & Technol, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
RP Univ Iowa, Ctr Global & Reg Environm Res, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
EM gcarmich@engineering.uiowa.edu; ytang@cgrer.uiowa.edu;
kurata@eco.tut.ac.jp; iuno@riam.kyushu-u.ac.jp; dstreets@anl.gov;
nthongbo@cgrer.uiowa.edu; woojh21@cgrer.uiowa.edu;
sguttiku@cgrer.uiowa.edu; adwhite@ucdavis.edu; cetwang@polyu.edu.hk;
drblake@uci.edu; atlas@ucar.edu; fried@ucar.edu;
william-potter@utulsa.edu; m.a.avery@larc.nasa.gov;
g.w.sachse@larc.nasa.gov; scott.sandholm@eas.gatech.edu;
kondo@atmos.rcast.u-tokyo.ac.jp; robert.talbot@unh.edu;
bandyar@drexel.edu; dct@drexel.edu; tclarke@soest.hawaii.edu
RI Uno, Itsushi/B-5952-2011; Kondo, Yutaka/D-1459-2012; WANG,
Tao/B-9919-2014; Kyushu, RIAM/F-4018-2015; Atlas, Elliot/J-8171-2015;
U-ID, Kyushu/C-5291-2016; Tang, Youhua/D-5205-2016
OI WANG, Tao/0000-0002-4765-9377; Tang, Youhua/0000-0001-7089-7915
NR 18
TC 125
Z9 131
U1 2
U2 24
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD NOV 15
PY 2003
VL 108
IS D21
AR 8820
DI 10.1029/2002JD003116
PG 27
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 744VM
UT WOS:000186653600002
ER
PT J
AU Kiley, CM
Fuelberg, HE
Palmer, PI
Allen, DJ
Carmichael, GR
Jacob, DJ
Mari, C
Pierce, RB
Pickering, KE
Tang, YH
Wild, O
Fairlie, TD
Logan, JA
Sachse, GW
Shaack, TK
Streets, DG
AF Kiley, CM
Fuelberg, HE
Palmer, PI
Allen, DJ
Carmichael, GR
Jacob, DJ
Mari, C
Pierce, RB
Pickering, KE
Tang, YH
Wild, O
Fairlie, TD
Logan, JA
Sachse, GW
Shaack, TK
Streets, DG
TI An intercomparison and evaluation of aircraft-derived and simulated CO
from seven chemical transport models during the TRACE-P experiment
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; TROPICAL SOUTH ATLANTIC; ISENTROPIC-SIGMA
MODEL; ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY; DEPOSITION; OZONE; ASIA; EMISSIONS;
AEROSOLS; BIOMASS
AB Four global scale and three regional scale chemical transport models are intercompared and evaluated during NASA's Transport and Chemical Evolution over the Pacific (TRACE-P) experiment. Model simulated and measured CO are statistically analyzed along aircraft flight tracks. Results for the combination of 11 flights show an overall negative bias in simulated CO. Biases are most pronounced during large CO events. Statistical agreements vary greatly among the individual flights. Those flights with the greatest range of CO values tend to be the worst simulated. However, for each given flight, the models generally provide similar relative results. The models exhibit difficulties simulating intense CO plumes. CO error is found to be greatest in the lower troposphere. Convective mass flux is shown to be very important, particularly near emissions source regions. Occasionally meteorological lift associated with excessive model-calculated mass fluxes leads to an overestimation of middle and upper tropospheric mixing ratios. Planetary Boundary Layer (PBL) depth is found to play an important role in simulating intense CO plumes. PBL depth is shown to cap plumes, confining heavy pollution to the very lowest levels.
C1 Florida State Univ, Dept Meteorol, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
Harvard Univ, Div Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02318 USA.
Univ Maryland, Dept Meteorol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
Univ Iowa, Ctr Global & Reg Environm Res, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
Univ Iowa, Dept Chem & Biochem Engn, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
Univ Toulouse 3, UMR CNRS, Lab Aerol, F-31400 Toulouse, France.
NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
Frontier Res Syst Global Change, Kanazawa Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2360001, Japan.
Harvard Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Space Sci & Engn, Madison, WI USA.
Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Florida State Univ, Dept Meteorol, 404 Love Bldg, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
EM ckiley@huey.met.fsu.edu; fuelberg@huey.met.fsu.edu; pip@io.harvard.edu;
allen@atmos.umd.edu; gcarmich@icaen.uiowa.edu; djacob@fas.harvard.edu;
marc@aero.obs-mip.fr; r.b.pierce@larc.nasa.gov; pickerin@atmos.umd.edu;
ytang@cgrer.uiowa.edu; oliver@jamstec.go.jp; tdf@io.harvard.edu;
jal@io.harvard.edu; g.w.sachse@larc.nasa.gov; dstreets@anl.gov
RI Wild, Oliver/A-4909-2009; Palmer, Paul/F-7008-2010; Allen,
Dale/F-7168-2010; Pierce, Robert Bradley/F-5609-2010; Pickering,
Kenneth/E-6274-2012
OI Wild, Oliver/0000-0002-6227-7035; Allen, Dale/0000-0003-3305-9669;
Pierce, Robert Bradley/0000-0002-2767-1643;
NR 51
TC 56
Z9 57
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD NOV 15
PY 2003
VL 108
IS D21
AR 8819
DI 10.1029/2002JD003089
PG 35
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 744VM
UT WOS:000186653600001
ER
PT J
AU Woo, JH
Streets, DG
Carmichael, GR
Tang, YH
Yoo, B
Lee, WC
Thongboonchoo, N
Pinnock, S
Kurata, G
Uno, I
Fu, QY
Vay, S
Sachse, GW
Blake, DR
Fried, A
Thornton, DC
AF Woo, JH
Streets, DG
Carmichael, GR
Tang, YH
Yoo, B
Lee, WC
Thongboonchoo, N
Pinnock, S
Kurata, G
Uno, I
Fu, QY
Vay, S
Sachse, GW
Blake, DR
Fried, A
Thornton, DC
TI Contribution of biomass and biofuel emissions to trace gas distributions
in Asia during the TRACE-P experiment
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
DE bioemissions; chemical mass balance; Asian outflow
ID RECEPTOR MODEL; BLACK CARBON; INDIAN-OCEAN; POLLUTION; IDENTIFICATION
AB A comprehensive emission inventory with enhanced spatial and temporal resolution is used to help quantify the contribution from three source categories (fossil, biofuel, and biomass burning) during the NASA TRACE-P experiment. Daily biomass burning emissions are developed to support this analysis. Emissions of 27 species and their ratios, by sector, region, and source category are presented. The emission distributions and chemical composition are further analyzed using various statistical techniques. Using cluster analysis, the 27 chemical species are combined into 8 groups that have similar regional distribution, and 52 regions are assembled into 11 regional groups that have similar chemical composition. These groups are used in Chemical Mass Balance analysis to characterize air masses and to quantify the contribution of the three source categories to the observed species distributions. Five DC8 flights with 16 flight segments associated with outflow events are analyzed. In general, Asian outflow is a complex mixture of biofuel, biomass, and fossil sources. Flights in the post frontal regions at high latitudes and low altitudes have a high contribution of fossil fuel emissions. Flights in the warm sector of cold fronts are dominated by biomass burning contributions (about 70%). Biofuel contributions are high (about 70%) when air masses come from central China. The receptor model results are shown to be consistent with other 3-D chemical model sensitivity studies and analysis using ratios of indicator species (e. g., dK(+)/dSO(4)(2-), CH3CN/(SOy), SOy/CO, and C2Cl4/CO).
C1 Univ Iowa, Ctr Global & Reg Environm Res, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
Argonne Natl Lab, Decis & Informat Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
Univ Iowa, Dept Biostat, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
ACT Inc, Iowa City, IA 52243 USA.
European Commiss, Joint Res Ctr, Ispra, Italy.
Toyohashi Univ Technol, Dept Ecol Engn, Toyohashi, Aichi 4418580, Japan.
Kyushu Univ, Appl Mech Res Inst, Fukuoka 8168580, Japan.
Shanghai Acad Environm Sci, Shanghai, Peoples R China.
NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Chem, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Div Atmospher Chem, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
Drexel Univ, Dept Chem, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
RP Univ Iowa, Ctr Global & Reg Environm Res, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
EM woojh21@cgrer.uiowa.edu
RI Uno, Itsushi/B-5952-2011; Kyushu, RIAM/F-4018-2015; U-ID,
Kyushu/C-5291-2016; Tang, Youhua/D-5205-2016
OI Tang, Youhua/0000-0001-7089-7915
NR 35
TC 53
Z9 54
U1 0
U2 13
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD NOV 15
PY 2003
VL 108
IS D21
AR 8812
DI 10.1029/2002JD003200
PG 36
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 744VM
UT WOS:000186653600004
ER
PT J
AU Jamieson, BD
Yang, OO
Hultin, L
Hausner, MA
Hultin, P
Matud, J
Kunstman, K
Killian, S
Altman, J
Kommander, K
Korber, B
Giorgi, J
Wolinsky, S
AF Jamieson, BD
Yang, OO
Hultin, L
Hausner, MA
Hultin, P
Matud, J
Kunstman, K
Killian, S
Altman, J
Kommander, K
Korber, B
Giorgi, J
Wolinsky, S
TI Epitope escape mutation and decay of human immunodeficiency virus type
1-specific CTL responses
SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID CYTOTOXIC T-LYMPHOCYTES; PRIMARY INFECTION; GENETIC-VARIATION; VIRAL
ESCAPE; HIV-1 GAG; IN-VIVO; CELLS; SELECTION; VARIANTS; VIREMIA
AB To investigate possible mechanisms behind HIV-1 escape from CTL, we performed detailed longitudinal analysis of Gag (SLYN-TVATL)- and RT (ILKEPVHGV)-specific CTL responses and plasma epitope sequences in five individuals. Among those with CTL against consensus epitope sequences, epitope mutations developed over several years, invariably followed by decay of the CTL targeting the consensus epitopes. The maturation state of the CTL varied among individuals and appeared to affect the rate of epitope mutation and CTL decay, despite similar IFN-gamma production. Escape mutations were oligoclonal, suggesting fitness constraints. The timing of escape indicated that the net selective advantage of escape mutants was slight, further underscoring the importance of understanding factors determining selective pressure and viral fitness in vivo. Our data show surprisingly consistent decay of CTL responses after epitope escape mutation and provide insight into potential mechanisms for both immune failure and shifting CTL specificities.
C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
Northwestern Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Chicago, IL 60611 USA.
Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA.
Univ Calif Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM USA.
RP Jamieson, BD (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Dept Med, 12-236 Factor Bldg,10833 Le Conte Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
RI Wolinsky, Steven/B-2893-2012;
OI Wolinsky, Steven/0000-0002-9625-6697; Korber, Bette/0000-0002-2026-5757
FU NCI NIH HHS [CA-16042]; NCRR NIH HHS [R-M01-RR-00052]; NIAID NIH HHS
[UO1-AI-35041, AI-28697, AI-35040, AI-37613, AI-43203, UO1-AI-35039,
UO1-AI-35042, UO1-AI-35043, UO1-AI-37613, UO1-AI-37984, UO1AI-35040]
NR 46
TC 53
Z9 53
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0022-1767
J9 J IMMUNOL
JI J. Immunol.
PD NOV 15
PY 2003
VL 171
IS 10
BP 5372
EP 5379
PG 8
WC Immunology
SC Immunology
GA 744QJ
UT WOS:000186643300054
PM 14607940
ER
PT J
AU Torriani, FJ
Ribeiro, RM
Gilbert, TL
Schrenk, UM
Clauson, M
Pacheco, DDM
Perelson, AS
AF Torriani, FJ
Ribeiro, RM
Gilbert, TL
Schrenk, UM
Clauson, M
Pacheco, DDM
Perelson, AS
TI Hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) dynamics
during HCV treatment in HCV/HIV coinfection
SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 9th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infection
CY FEB 24-28, 2002
CL SEATTLE, WASHINGTON
ID INTERFERON-ALPHA-2B PLUS RIBAVIRIN; STAGE LIVER-DISEASE; INFECTED
PATIENTS; COMBINATION THERAPY; PEGINTERFERON ALPHA-2A; PROTEASE
INHIBITORS; VIRAL KINETICS; IN-VIVO; MORTALITY; EFFICACY
AB We studied hepatitis C virus ( HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus ( HIV) dynamics in 10 coinfected subjects in a trial of pegylated interferon- alpha2a ( PEG- IFN) alone or combined with ribavirin ( RBV), compared with IFN plus RBV for the treatment of HCV. Five subjects, 4 of whom were treated with PEG- IFN, achieved a sustained virological response, although it was delayed by greater than or equal to 1 week in 3 subjects. The median treatment efficacy in blocking virion production was 99.7% in the PEG- IFN group and 60% with standard IFN. In 2 patients with detectable HIV loads before starting HCV study drugs, we observed a 1- log decrease in HIV RNA load. The estimated HCV virion half- life was longer in the HIV- coinfected subjects, which suggests that coinfection may contribute to a slower clearance of HCV. Although the early viral kinetics of coinfected subjects treated with PEG- IFN or IFN differ from those of singly infected subjects, the treatment response seems unaffected.
C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Antiviral Res Ctr, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, San Diego, CA 92103 USA.
Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Pathol, San Diego, CA 92103 USA.
Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA.
Hoffmann La Roche Pharmaceut, Basel, Switzerland.
RP Torriani, FJ (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Antiviral Res Ctr, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, 150 W Washington St,Ste 100, San Diego, CA 92103 USA.
FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR06555]; NIAID NIH HHS [2P 30 AI36214-09A1]
NR 48
TC 81
Z9 86
U1 0
U2 2
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0022-1899
J9 J INFECT DIS
JI J. Infect. Dis.
PD NOV 15
PY 2003
VL 188
IS 10
BP 1498
EP 1507
DI 10.1086/379255
PG 10
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
GA 745GW
UT WOS:000186681800012
PM 14624375
ER
PT J
AU Mansur, LK
AF Mansur, LK
TI Dr. Haim H. Chiswik - Obituary
SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
LA English
DT Biographical-Item
C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Mansur, LK (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-3115
J9 J NUCL MATER
JI J. Nucl. Mater.
PD NOV 15
PY 2003
VL 323
IS 1
BP V
EP V
PG 1
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 746BK
UT WOS:000186726300001
ER
PT J
AU Sencer, BH
Was, GS
Sagisaka, M
Isobe, Y
Bond, GM
Garner, FA
AF Sencer, BH
Was, GS
Sagisaka, M
Isobe, Y
Bond, GM
Garner, FA
TI Proton irradiation emulation of PWR neutron damage microstructures in
solution annealed 304 and cold-worked 316 stainless steels
SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID HELIUM; NICKEL; ALLOYS; TEMPERATURE; EVOLUTION; HYDROGEN; CAVITIES;
CREEP; HFIR
AB Solution annealed (SA) 304 and cold-worked (CW) 316 austenitic stainless steels were pre-implanted with helium and were irradiated with protons in order to study the potential effects of helium, irradiation dose, and irradiation temperature on microstructural evolution, especially void swelling, with relevance to the behavior of austenitic core internals in pressurized water reactors (PWRs). These steels were irradiated with 1 MeV protons to doses between 1 and 10 dpa at 300 degreesC both with or without 15 appm helium pre-implanted at similar to100 degreesC. They were also irradiated at 340 degreesC, but only after 15 appm helium pre-implantation. Small heterogeneously distributed voids were observed in both alloys irradiated at 300 degreesC, but only after helium pre-implantation. The pre-implanted steels irradiated at 340 degreesC exhibited homogenous void formation, suggesting effects of both helium and irradiation temperature on void nucleation. Voids developed sooner in the SA304 alloy than CW316 alloy at 300 and 340 degreesC, consistent with the behavior observed at higher temperatures (>370 degreesC) for similar steels irradiated in the EBR-II fast reactor. The development of the Frank loop microstructure was similar in both alloys, and was only marginally affected by pre-implanted helium. Loop densities were insensitive to dose and irradiation temperature, and were decreased by helium; loop sizes increased with dose up to about 5.5 dpa and were not affected by the pre-implanted helium. Comparison with microstructures produced by neutron irradiation suggests that this method of helium pre-implantation and proton irradiation emulates neutron irradiation under PWR conditions. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Dept Mat Resources, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
New Mexico Inst Technol, Dept Met & Mat Engn, Socorro, NM 87801 USA.
Nucl Fuel Ind Ltd, Kumatori, Osaka 5900491, Japan.
Univ Michigan, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
Univ Michigan, Dept Nucl Engn & Radiol Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
RP Sencer, BH (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663,Mailstop G755, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
NR 50
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 1
U2 15
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-3115
J9 J NUCL MATER
JI J. Nucl. Mater.
PD NOV 15
PY 2003
VL 323
IS 1
BP 18
EP 28
DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2003.07.007
PG 11
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 746BK
UT WOS:000186726300004
ER
PT J
AU Curran, G
Sevestre, Y
Rattray, W
Allen, P
Czerwinski, KR
AF Curran, G
Sevestre, Y
Rattray, W
Allen, P
Czerwinski, KR
TI Characterization of zirconia-thoria-urania ceramics by X-ray and
electron interactions
SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID ABSORPTION FINE-STRUCTURE; ENERGY-LOSS SPECTROSCOPY; STRUCTURE STANDARDS
AB X-ray and electron interactions with matter were used as probes to characterize the structure and chemistry of zirconia-thoria-urania ceramics. The ceramics were prepared by coprecipitation of Zr, Th and U salts. In this study, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques such as energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) complement X-ray diffraction, extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) and X-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy (XANES), techniques to reveal the phase structure and chemistry. The results from XRD and EDX show that these ceramics separate into a Zr-based phase and an actinide-based phase with low mutual affinity of Th and Zr, as well as partial solubility of U in Zr. The comparison of EELS spectra collected for the ceramics with spectra collected for UO2 and U3O8 reference materials also allow us to assess U oxidation state independently in the two separate phases. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 MIT, Dept Nucl Engn, Actinide Res Grp, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Glenn Seaborg Inst, Livermore, CA 94511 USA.
Ecole Natl Super Chim, F-75005 Paris, France.
RP Czerwinski, KR (reprint author), MIT, Dept Nucl Engn, Actinide Res Grp, 77 Massachusetts Ave,NW13-219, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
NR 24
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 2
U2 10
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-3115
J9 J NUCL MATER
JI J. Nucl. Mater.
PD NOV 15
PY 2003
VL 323
IS 1
BP 41
EP 48
DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2003.07.005
PG 8
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 746BK
UT WOS:000186726300007
ER
PT J
AU Janney, DE
AF Janney, DE
TI Host phases for actinides in simulated metallic waste forms
SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID STEEL-ZIRCONIUM ALLOYS; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; LAVES PHASES; ZR ALLOY;
MICROSTRUCTURE; TECHNETIUM; SYSTEM
AB Argonne National Laboratory has developed an electrometallurgical process for conditioning spent sodium-bonded metallic reactor fuel prior to disposal. A waste stream from this process consists primarily of stainless steel cladding hulls containing undissolved metal fission products and a low concentration of actinide elements. This waste will be immobilized in a metallic waste form whose baseline composition is stainless steel alloyed with 15 wt% Zr (SS-15Zr). This paper presents transmission electron microscope, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and electron diffraction observations of SS-15Zr alloys containing 2-11 wt% U, Np, or Pu. The major U- and Pu-bearing materials are Cr-Fe-Ni-Zr intermetallics with structures similar to that of the C15 polymorph of Fe2Zr, significant variability in chemical compositions, and 0-20 at.% actinides. A U-bearing material similar to the C36 polymorph of Fe2Zr had more restricted chemical variability and 0-5 at.% U. Uranium concentrations between 0 and 5 at.% were observed in materials with the Fe23Zr6 structure. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83403 USA.
RP Janney, DE (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, POB 2528, Idaho Falls, ID 83403 USA.
EM dawn.janney@anlw.anl.gov
NR 40
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-3115
EI 1873-4820
J9 J NUCL MATER
JI J. Nucl. Mater.
PD NOV 15
PY 2003
VL 323
IS 1
BP 81
EP 92
DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2003.08.032
PG 12
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 746BK
UT WOS:000186726300012
ER
PT J
AU Granick, S
Kumar, SK
Amis, EJ
Antonietti, M
Balazs, AC
Chakraborty, AK
Grest, GS
Hawker, CJ
Janmey, P
Kramer, EJ
Nuzzo, R
Russell, TP
Safinya, CR
AF Granick, S
Kumar, SK
Amis, EJ
Antonietti, M
Balazs, AC
Chakraborty, AK
Grest, GS
Hawker, CJ
Janmey, P
Kramer, EJ
Nuzzo, R
Russell, TP
Safinya, CR
TI Macromolecules at surfaces: Research challenges and opportunities from
tribology to biology
SO JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART B-POLYMER PHYSICS
LA English
DT Review
DE anionic polymerization; biopolymers; block copolymers; colloids;
dendrimers; diffusion; gels; glass transition; hyperbranched;
interfaces; kinetics; lamellar; lattice models; mechanical properties;
metathesis; microgels; molecular dynamics; molecular modeling; Monte
Carlo simulation; nanocomposites; neutron reflectivity; neutron
scattering; SAXS; self-assembly; self-organization; shear; simulations;
structure; surfaces; supramolecular structure; synthesis; theory; thin
films; viscosity; viscoelastic properties; X-ray
ID CATIONIC-LIPID COMPLEXES; SLIP BOUNDARY-CONDITION; TRANSFER RADICAL
POLYMERIZATION; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATION; HYDROPHILIC
BLOCK-COPOLYMERS; PHOTON-CORRELATION SPECTROSCOPY; GLASS-TRANSITION
TEMPERATURE; RING-OPENING POLYMERIZATION; ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY;
MONTE-CARLO SIMULATIONS
AB A comprehensive review of ongoing and recommended research directions concerning the structure, dynamics, and interfacial activity of synthetic and naturally occurring macromolecules at the solid-liquid interface is presented. Many new developments stem from the ability to target new size regimes of 1-100 nm. These rapid developments are reviewed critically with respect to chemical synthesis, processing, structural characterization, dynamic processes, and theoretical and computational analysis. The common problems shared by flat and particulate sur-faces are emphasized. A broad spectrum of material properties are discussed, from the control of interfacial friction between surfaces in moving contact, to the mechanical strength and durability of the interfaces in hybrid materials, to optical and electronic properties. Future-research opportunities are identified that involve (1) the emergence of nanoscale material properties, (2) polymer-assisted nanostructures, and (3) the crossroads between interfacial science and biological and bioinspired applications. (C) 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
Univ Illinois, Dept Chem, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Chem Engn, Troy, NY 12180 USA.
Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Polymer, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
Max Planck Inst Colloids & Interfaces, Golm, Germany.
Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Chem Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94710 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94710 USA.
Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM USA.
IBM Corp, Almaden Res Ctr, Div Res, San Jose, CA 95120 USA.
Univ Penn, Coll Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Mat, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Chem Engn, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
Univ Massachusetts, Dept Polymer Sci & Engn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Biomol Sci & Engn Program, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
RP Granick, S (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 1304 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
RI Hawker, Craig/G-4971-2011;
OI Hawker, Craig/0000-0001-9951-851X; Safinya, Cyrus/0000-0002-3295-7128
NR 276
TC 138
Z9 140
U1 10
U2 156
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0887-6266
EI 1099-0488
J9 J POLYM SCI POL PHYS
JI J. Polym. Sci. Pt. B-Polym. Phys.
PD NOV 15
PY 2003
VL 41
IS 22
BP 2755
EP 2793
DI 10.1002/polb.10669
PG 39
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA 738JD
UT WOS:000186282700001
ER
PT J
AU Kim, YS
Wang, F
Hickner, M
McCartney, S
Hong, YT
Harrison, W
Zawodzinski, TA
McGrath, JE
AF Kim, YS
Wang, F
Hickner, M
McCartney, S
Hong, YT
Harrison, W
Zawodzinski, TA
McGrath, JE
TI Effect of acidification treatment and morphological stability of
sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) copolymer proton-exchange
membranes for fuel-cell use above 100 degrees C
SO JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART B-POLYMER PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE fuel cell; ion exchangers; poly(ether sulfones) copolymers; Nafion;
acidification treatment; conducting polymers; morphology
ID RANDOM STATISTICAL COPOLYMERS; X-RAY-SCATTERING; WATER-UPTAKE; DIRECT
POLYMERIZATION; COMPOSITE MEMBRANES; CONDUCTIVITY; ELECTROLYTES;
TRANSPORT; NAFION
AB Directly copolymerized wholly aromatic sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) copolymers derived from 4,4'-biphenol, 4,4'-dichlorodiphenyl sulfone, 3,3'-disulfonated, and 4,4'-dichlorodiphenyl sulfone (BPSH) were evaluated as proton-exchange membranes for elevated temperature operation (100-140 degreesC). Acidification of the copolymer from the sulfonated form after the nucleophilic step (condensation) copolymerization involved either immersing the solvent-cast membrane in sulfuric acid at 30 degreesC for 24 h and washing with water at 30 degreesC for 24 h (method 1) or immersion in sulfuric acid at 100 degreesC for 2 h followed by similar water treatment at 100 degreesC for 2 h (method 2). The fully hydrated BPSH membranes treated by method 2 exhibited higher proton conductivity, greater water absorption, and less temperature dependence on proton conductivity as compared with the membranes acidified at 30 degreesC. In contrast, the conductivity and water absorption of a control perfluorosulfonic acid copolymer (Nafion 1135) were invariant with treatment temperature; however, the conductivity of the Nafion membranes at elevated temperature was strongly dependent on heating rate or temperature. Tapping-mode atomic force microscope results demonstrated that all of the membranes exposed to high-temperature conditions underwent an irreversible change of the ionic domain microstructure, the extent of which depended on the concentration of sulfonic acid sites in the BPSH system. The effect of aging membranes based on BPSH and Nafion at elevated temperature on proton conductivity is also discussed. (C) 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
C1 Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Chem, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Inst Mat Res, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
Los Alamos Natl Lab, MST 11 Elect Mat & Devices, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP McGrath, JE (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Chem, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
NR 31
TC 146
Z9 148
U1 1
U2 19
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 0887-6266
J9 J POLYM SCI POL PHYS
JI J. Polym. Sci. Pt. B-Polym. Phys.
PD NOV 15
PY 2003
VL 41
IS 22
BP 2816
EP 2828
DI 10.1002/polb.10496
PG 13
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA 738JD
UT WOS:000186282700004
ER
PT J
AU Nyman, M
Criscenti, LJ
Bonhomme, F
Rodriguez, MA
Cygan, RT
AF Nyman, M
Criscenti, LJ
Bonhomme, F
Rodriguez, MA
Cygan, RT
TI Synthesis, structure, and molecular modeling of a titanoniobate
isopolyanion
SO JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID LAYERED PEROVSKITE OXIDES; MASSIF KOLA-PENINSULA; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE;
DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; NIOBATE; COMPLEX; POLYOXOMETALATE; EQUILIBRIA;
TITANATES; FAMILY
AB Polyoxoniobate chemistry, both in the solid state and in solution is dominated by [Nb6O19](8-), the Lindquist ion. Recently, we have expanded this chemistry through use of hydrothermal synthesis. The current publication illustrates how use of heteroatoms is another means of diversifying polyoxoniobate chemistry. Here we report the synthesis of Na-8[Nb8Ti2O28](.)34H(2)O [(1) under bar] and its structural characterization from single-crystal X-ray data. This salt crystallizes in the P-1 space group (a = 11.829(4) Angstrom, b = 12.205(4) Angstrom, c = 12.532(4) Angstrom, alpha = 97.666(5)degrees, beta = 113.840(4)degrees, gamma = 110.809(4)degrees), and the decameric anionic cluster [Nb8Ti2O28](8-) has the same cluster geometry as the previously reported [Nb10O28](6-) and [V10O28](6-). Molecular modeling studies of [Nb10O28](6-) and all possible isomers of [Nb8Ti2O28](8-) suggest that this cluster geometry is stabilized by incorporating the Ti4+ into cluster positions in which edge-sharing is maximized. In this manner, the overall repulsion between edge-sharing octahedra within the cluster is minimized, as Ti4+ is both slightly smaller and of lower charge than Nb5+. Synthetic studies also show that while the [Nb10O28](6-) cluster is difficult to obtain, the [Nb8Ti2O28](8-) cluster can be synthesized reproducibly and is stable in neutral to basic solutions, as well. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Geochem, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
Sandia Natl Labs, Mat Characterizat Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Nyman, M (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Geochem, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
NR 55
TC 48
Z9 48
U1 6
U2 17
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0022-4596
J9 J SOLID STATE CHEM
JI J. Solid State Chem.
PD NOV 15
PY 2003
VL 176
IS 1
BP 111
EP 119
DI 10.1016/S0022-4596(03)00354-2
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA 745VN
UT WOS:000186711300016
ER
PT J
AU Masuda, T
Chakoumakos, BC
Nygren, CL
Imai, S
Uchinokura, K
AF Masuda, T
Chakoumakos, BC
Nygren, CL
Imai, S
Uchinokura, K
TI A novel germanate, Cu2Fe2Ge4O13, with a four tetrahedra oligomer
SO JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE germanate; Cu2Fe2Ge4O13; crystal structure; mixed-spin system; CuGeO3;
low-dimensional magnet
ID UNIFORM-ANTIFERROMAGNETIC PHASES; SPIN-PEIERLS TRANSITION; NONLINEAR
SIGMA-MODEL; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; SPIN-1/2-1/2-1-1 CHAIN; GROUND-STATE;
CUGEO3; DIAGRAMS; CUPRATE
AB The structure Of Cu2Fe2Ge4O13, previously thought to be CuFeGe2O6, has been determined from single-crystal X-ray diffraction data to be monoclinic, P2(1)/m, a = 12.1050(6), b = 8.5073(4), c = 4.8736(2) Angstrom, beta = 96.145(1)degrees, Z = 2, with R1 = 0.0231 and wR2 = 0.0605. The unique structure has an oligomer of four germanate tetrahedra, cross-linked laterally by square-planar copper ions, joined end-to-end by a zigzag chain of edge-sharing iron oxide octahedra. Running along the a-direction the metal oxide chain consists of alternating Cu-Cu and Fe-Fe dimers. A hypothetical series of homologous structures (Cun-2Fe2GenO3n+1 with n = 3, 4,..., infinity) with different length germanate oligomers is proposed, where as n increases, the infinite chain of the CuGeO3 is approached. In this context, Cu2Fe2Ge4O13 is viewed as being built from blocks of CuGeO3 and the Fe oxide chains. This material has significance to the study of low-dimensional mixed-spin systems. (C) 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
Univ Tokyo, Dept Adv Mat Sci, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1138656, Japan.
RP Chakoumakos, BC (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, POB 2008,Bldg 7962, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RI Chakoumakos, Bryan/A-5601-2016
OI Chakoumakos, Bryan/0000-0002-7870-6543
NR 20
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 5
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0022-4596
J9 J SOLID STATE CHEM
JI J. Solid State Chem.
PD NOV 15
PY 2003
VL 176
IS 1
BP 175
EP 179
DI 10.1016/S0022-4596(03)00387-6
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA 745VN
UT WOS:000186711300024
ER
PT J
AU Risk, MJ
Sherwood, OA
Heikoop, JM
Llewellyn, G
AF Risk, MJ
Sherwood, OA
Heikoop, JM
Llewellyn, G
TI Smoke signals from corals: isotopic signature of the 1997 Indonesian
'haze' event
SO MARINE GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE delta C-13; isotope stratigraphy; coral; forest fires; Java Sea; Porites
lobata; KIE
ID EASTERN PACIFIC CORALS; SOUTHERN-OSCILLATION; BIOLOGICAL CARBONATES;
SCLERACTINIAN CORALS; STABLE CARBON; PORITES-LUTEA; SKELETONS; OXYGEN;
FRACTIONATION; VARIABILITY
AB From September to November 1997, most of Indonesia was covered by a dense blanket of haze, originating from fires on Sumatra and Borneo. Specimens of Porites lobata were collected from two locations, i.e. the Riau Archipelago, south of Singapore, where the haze was most dense, and the Karimunjawa Islands, north of Central Java, where the effects were less severe. All corals exhibited strong Kinetic Isotope Effects (KIE). On plots of delta(18)O vs. delta(13)C, shifts in coral metabolism associated with the haze event could be estimated from the distance individual values are positioned from the theoretical KIE line. Skeletons of corals affected by the haze showed decreased delta(13)C values, perhaps produced by a shift to a more heterotrophic mode of feeding. These results suggest that wildfires and major forest fire events on tropical coastlines may be recorded in nearby corals, as could temporal variation in frequency of major fires. Moreover, information on coral metabolism may be determined by examining shifts of coral skeletal values in C-O space. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 McMaster Univ, Sch Geog & Geol, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada.
Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
World Wildlife Fund, Washington, DC 20037 USA.
RP Risk, MJ (reprint author), McMaster Univ, Sch Geog & Geol, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada.
RI Heikoop, Jeffrey/C-1163-2011
NR 37
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0025-3227
J9 MAR GEOL
JI Mar. Geol.
PD NOV 15
PY 2003
VL 202
IS 1-2
BP 71
EP 78
DI 10.1016/S0025-3227(03)00226-3
PG 8
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography
SC Geology; Oceanography
GA 746GW
UT WOS:000186739500005
ER
PT J
AU Bloom, PD
Baikerikar, KG
Anderegg, JW
Sheares, VV
AF Bloom, PD
Baikerikar, KG
Anderegg, JW
Sheares, VV
TI Fabrication and wear resistance of Al-Cu-Fe quasicrystal-epoxy composite
materials
SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES
MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
LA English
DT Article
DE quasicrystal; Al-Cu-Fe; composite; filler; wear; pin-on-disk
ID BEHAVIOR
AB Wear resistant polymer composites are prepared using a novel filler material, Al-Cu-Fe quasicrystals (QC). Novolac epoxy filled with Al-Cu-Fe quasicrystalline powder are evaluated by pin-on-disk testing using a 52100 steel counterface. Epoxy samples filled with aluminum, copper, iron, aluminum oxide, and silicon carbide are tested for comparison. The use of Al-Cu-Fe QC powder, as a filler in epoxy, maximizes the composite wear resistance while minimizing abrasion of the 52100 steel counterface. Wear mechanisms of the Al-Cu-Fe composites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The fabrication and wear properties of these unique materials will be described. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
RP Sheares, VV (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
NR 15
TC 19
Z9 22
U1 2
U2 8
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0921-5093
J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT
JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process.
PD NOV 15
PY 2003
VL 360
IS 1-2
BP 46
EP 57
DI 10.1016/S0921-5093(03)00415-5
PG 12
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy &
Metallurgical Engineering
GA 729UP
UT WOS:000185793500006
ER
PT J
AU Mulholland, MM
Ege, ES
Khraishi, TA
Horstemeyer, MF
Shen, YL
AF Mulholland, MM
Ege, ES
Khraishi, TA
Horstemeyer, MF
Shen, YL
TI Cavity mediated strain localization and overall ductility in eutectic
tin-lead alloy
SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES
MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
LA English
DT Article
DE tin-lead alloy; plastic deformation; shear band
ID SUPERPLASTIC DEFORMATION; VOID GROWTH; STRESS STATE; FRACTURE; FLOW;
COALESCENCE; LINKING; HOLES
AB A combined experimental and numerical study is undertaken to examine the effects of pre-machined holes on strain localization and overall ductility in eutectic tin-lead alloy. Thin-sheet specimens with equal-sized holes aligned in the tensile loading direction are used. The tensile tests were performed at room temperature with a nominal strain rate of 0.001 s(-1). The specimen, containing one hole, showed a significant reduction in ductility compared to the control (no-hole) specimen. With an increasing number of holes, however, the overall strain-to-failure increases and fracture tend to follow shear bands generated locally from the hole edges. Finite element analyses, taking into account the viscoplastic response, were carried out to provide a mechanistic rationale to corroborate the experimental findings. The dispersion of plastic deformation and the effect of hole interaction are both found to contribute to the observed behavior. The local maximum equivalent plastic strain decreases with increasing number of holes, resulting in more delayed fracture. Plastic deformation becomes more intense inside the shear band when the holes are spaced more closely, which explains the increasing propensity of fracture along the shear bands in specimens containing more pre-machined holes. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ New Mexico, Dept Mech Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Shen, YL (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Mech Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
RI Shen, Yu-Lin/C-1942-2008;
OI Horstemeyer, Mark/0000-0003-4230-0063
NR 31
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0921-5093
J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT
JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process.
PD NOV 15
PY 2003
VL 360
IS 1-2
BP 160
EP 168
DI 10.1016/S0921-5093(03)00429-5
PG 9
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy &
Metallurgical Engineering
GA 729UP
UT WOS:000185793500020
ER
PT J
AU Worthey, EA
Schnaufer, A
Mian, IS
Stuart, K
Salavati, R
AF Worthey, EA
Schnaufer, A
Mian, IS
Stuart, K
Salavati, R
TI Comparative analysis of editosome proteins in trypanosomatids
SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
LA English
DT Review
ID SINGLE-STRANDED-DNA; BOX RNA HELICASE; TRANSLATION INITIATION FACTOR-4A;
ESCHERICHIA-COLI; BINDING-PROTEIN; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE;
CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; MUTATIONAL ANALYSIS; EDITING COMPLEX; BRUCEI
MITOCHONDRIA
AB Detailed comparisons of 16 editosome proteins from Trypanosoma brucei, Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania major identified protein motifs associated with catalysis and protein or nucleic acid interactions that suggest their functions in RNA editing. Five related proteins with RNase III-like motifs also contain a U1-like zinc finger and either dsRBM or Pumilio motifs. These proteins may provide the endoribonuclease function in editing. Two other related proteins, at least one of which is associated with U-specific 3' exonuclease activity, contain two putative nuclease motifs. Thus, editosomes contain a plethora of nucleases or proteins presumably derived from nucleases. Five additional related proteins, three of which have zinc fingers, each contain a motif associated with an OB fold; the TUTases have C-terminal folds reminiscent of RNA binding motifs, thus indicating the presence of numerous nucleic acid and/or protein binding domains, as do the two RNA ligases and a RNA helicase, which provide for additional catalytic steps in editing. These data indicate that trypanosomatid RNA editing is orchestrated by a variety of domains for catalysis, molecular interaction and structure. These domains are generally conserved within other protein families, but some are found in novel combinations in the editosome proteins.
C1 Seattle Biomed Res Inst, Seattle, WA 98109 USA.
Univ Washington, Dept Pathobiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Salavati, R (reprint author), Seattle Biomed Res Inst, 4 Nickerson St, Seattle, WA 98109 USA.
FU NIAID NIH HHS [R37 AI014102, AI14102, R21 AI053784, R01 AI014102,
1R21AI053784-01]
NR 128
TC 66
Z9 70
U1 0
U2 2
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0305-1048
J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES
JI Nucleic Acids Res.
PD NOV 15
PY 2003
VL 31
IS 22
BP 6392
EP 6408
DI 10.1093/nar/gkg870
PG 17
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 743TX
UT WOS:000186590600002
PM 14602897
ER
PT J
AU Xu, Y
Liang, W
Yariv, A
Fleming, JG
Lin, SY
AF Xu, Y
Liang, W
Yariv, A
Fleming, JG
Lin, SY
TI High-quality-factor Bragg onion resonators with omnidirectional
reflector cladding
SO OPTICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID MICROCAVITY
AB We propose to approximate a spherically symmetric Bragg resonator in an onionlike geometry. We develop a transfer-matrix theory for calculation of the quality factors and analyze the effect of the onion stem on cavity Q factors. We find that it is possible to achieve significant inhibition of spontaneous emission in an onion resonator with omnidirectional cladding layers. (C) 2003 Optical society of America.
C1 CALTECH, Dept Appl Phys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Xu, Y (reprint author), CALTECH, Dept Appl Phys, MS 128-95, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
NR 9
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 5
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0146-9592
J9 OPT LETT
JI Opt. Lett.
PD NOV 15
PY 2003
VL 28
IS 22
BP 2144
EP 2146
DI 10.1364/OL.28.002144
PG 3
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 740AR
UT WOS:000186379100002
PM 14649922
ER
PT J
AU Volkov, VV
Zhu, YM
AF Volkov, VV
Zhu, YM
TI Deterministic phase unwrapping in the presence of noise
SO OPTICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID RECONSTRUCTION; EQUATION; IMAGES
AB We present a new Fourier-based exact solution for deterministic phase unwrapping from experimental maps of wrapped phase in the presence of noise and phase vortices. This single-step approach has superior performance for images with high phase gradients or insufficient digital sampling approaching 2pi/pixel and therefore performs as a fast and practical solution for the phase-unwrapping problem for experimental applications in applied optics, physics, and medicine. (C) 2003 Optical Society of America.
C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Mat Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Volkov, VV (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Mat Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
NR 16
TC 46
Z9 52
U1 1
U2 6
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0146-9592
J9 OPT LETT
JI Opt. Lett.
PD NOV 15
PY 2003
VL 28
IS 22
BP 2156
EP 2158
DI 10.1364/OL.28.002156
PG 3
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 740AR
UT WOS:000186379100006
PM 14649926
ER
PT J
AU Chernyak, V
Chertkov, M
AF Chernyak, V
Chertkov, M
TI Extreme outages caused by polarization mode dispersion
SO OPTICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID PRINCIPAL STATES; FIBERS; CABLE; ORDER
AB We study the dependence on fiber birefringence of the bit-error rate (BER) caused by amplifier noise in a linear optical fiber telecommunication system. We show that the probability-distribution function of the BER obtained by averaging over many realizations of birefringent disorder has an extended tail that corresponds to anomalously large values of BER. We specifically discuss the dependence of the tail on such details of pulse detection at the fiber output as setting the clock and filtering procedures. (C) 2003 Optical Society of America.
C1 Corning Inc, Corning, NY 14831 USA.
Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Chernyak, V (reprint author), Corning Inc, SP DV 02 8, Corning, NY 14831 USA.
RI Chertkov, Michael/O-8828-2015; Chernyak, Vladimir/F-5842-2016;
OI Chernyak, Vladimir/0000-0003-4389-4238; Kolokolov,
Igor/0000-0002-7961-8588
NR 17
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0146-9592
J9 OPT LETT
JI Opt. Lett.
PD NOV 15
PY 2003
VL 28
IS 22
BP 2159
EP 2161
DI 10.1364/OL.28.002159
PG 3
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 740AR
UT WOS:000186379100007
PM 14649927
ER
PT J
AU Nilsen, J
Bajt, S
Chapman, HN
Staub, F
Balmer, J
AF Nilsen, J
Bajt, S
Chapman, HN
Staub, F
Balmer, J
TI Mo : Y multilayer mirror technology uitlized to image the near-field
output of a Ni-like Sn laser at 11.9 nm
SO OPTICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID X-RAY LASER; SATURATION; TABLETOP; REGION
AB Although bright x-ray sources exist at shorter wavelengths, the development of sophisticated diagnostics with X-ray laser sources has been restricted to wavelengths longer than 12.5 nm because of the limitations of the widely used Mo:Si multilayer mirrors. With the novel Mo:Y multilayer mirrors that we present, many x-ray laser applications can be extended to the 7-12-nm range. We demonstrate this new capability by imaging the near-field output of the Ni-like Sn laser at 11.9 nm. (C) 2003 Optical Society of America.
C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
Univ Bern, Inst Angew Phys, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.
RP Nilsen, J (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RI Chapman, Henry/G-2153-2010; Bajt, Sasa/G-2228-2010
OI Chapman, Henry/0000-0002-4655-1743;
NR 14
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 2
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0146-9592
J9 OPT LETT
JI Opt. Lett.
PD NOV 15
PY 2003
VL 28
IS 22
BP 2249
EP 2251
DI 10.1364/OL.28.002249
PG 3
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 740AR
UT WOS:000186379100037
PM 14649957
ER
PT J
AU Smith, RF
Dunn, J
Hunter, JR
Nilsen, J
Hubert, S
Jacquemot, S
Remond, C
Marmoret, R
Fajardo, M
Zeitoun, P
Vanbostal, L
Lewis, CLS
Ravet, MF
Delmotte, F
AF Smith, RF
Dunn, J
Hunter, JR
Nilsen, J
Hubert, S
Jacquemot, S
Remond, C
Marmoret, R
Fajardo, M
Zeitoun, P
Vanbostal, L
Lewis, CLS
Ravet, MF
Delmotte, F
TI Longitudinal coherence measurements of a transient collisional x-ray
laser
SO OPTICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID GAIN
AB We present what is to our knowledge the first longitudinal coherence measurement of a transient inversion collisional x-ray laser. We investigated the picosecond output of a Ni-like Pd x-ray laser at 14.68 nm generated by the COMET laser facility at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. Interference fringes were generated with a Michelson interferometer setup in which a thin multilayer membrane was used as a beam splitter. We determined the longitudinal coherence for the 4d(1)S(0) --> 4p(1)P(1) lasing transition to be similar to400 mum (1/e half-Width) by changing,the length of one interferometer arm and measuring the resultant variation in fringe visibility.. The inferred gain-narrowed linewidth of similar to0.29 pm is a factor of 4 less than previously measured in quasi-steady-state x-ray laser schemes. (C) 2003 Optical Society of America.
C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
Commisariat Energie Atom, F-91680 Bruyeres Le Chatel, France.
Univ Paris 11, Lab Interact Rayonnement X Mat, F-91405 Orsay, France.
Queens Univ Belfast, Sch Math & Phys, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland.
Univ Paris 11, Lab Charles Fabry, Inst Opt, F-91405 Orsay, France.
RP Smith, RF (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RI Fajardo, Marta/A-4608-2012
OI Fajardo, Marta/0000-0003-2133-2365
NR 10
TC 29
Z9 29
U1 0
U2 6
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0146-9592
J9 OPT LETT
JI Opt. Lett.
PD NOV 15
PY 2003
VL 28
IS 22
BP 2261
EP 2263
DI 10.1364/OL.28.002261
PG 3
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 740AR
UT WOS:000186379100041
PM 14649961
ER
PT J
AU Perlmutter, S
AF Perlmutter, S
TI Dark energy: recent observations and future prospects
SO PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF LONDON SERIES
A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Royal-Society Discussion Meeting on the Search for Dark Matter and Dark
Energy in the Universe
CY JAN 22-23, 2003
CL ROYAL SOC, LONDON, ENGLAND
HO ROYAL SOC
DE dark energy; cosmological constant; supernovae
ID Z-SUPERNOVA SEARCH; IA SUPERNOVAE; ACCELERATING UNIVERSE; DECELERATION
AB Dark energy presents us with a challenging puzzle: understanding the new physics seen in the acceleration of the expansion of the Universe. Measurements using typela supernovae (SNe) first detected this acceleration, and this approach remains the most direct route to studying the details of the Universe's expansion history that can teach us more about the nature of the dark energy. Such measurements are, however, extremely demanding in both precision and accuracy, since the different dark-energy models predict very small differences in the expansion history. While several cosmological probes may reach the required statistical uncertainties, the key measurement limit will be the systematic uncertainty. The supernova-measurement approach has the advantage of well-studied systematic uncertainties, allowing a next-generation experiment to be pursued. We briefly review the progress to date and examine the promise of future surveys with large numbers of SNe and well-bounded systematics.
C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Perlmutter, S (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Phys, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RI Perlmutter, Saul/I-3505-2015
OI Perlmutter, Saul/0000-0002-4436-4661
NR 14
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU ROYAL SOC LONDON
PI LONDON
PA 6 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND
SN 1364-503X
J9 PHILOS T ROY SOC A
JI Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. Ser. A-Math. Phys. Eng. Sci.
PD NOV 15
PY 2003
VL 361
IS 1812
BP 2469
EP 2478
DI 10.1098/rsta.2003.1295
PG 10
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 744BJ
UT WOS:000186607800004
PM 14667312
ER
PT J
AU Van Bibber, KA
Kinion, SD
AF Van Bibber, KA
Kinion, SD
TI Experimental searches for galactic halo axions
SO PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF LONDON SERIES
A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Royal-Society Discussion Meeting on the Search for Dark Matter and Dark
Energy in the Universe
CY JAN 22-23, 2003
CL ROYAL SOC, LONDON, ENGLAND
HO ROYAL SOC
DE axion; particle physics; cosmology; dark matter; microwave-cavity
experiment
ID QUANTUM INTERFERENCE DEVICE; STRONG CP PROBLEM; DARK-MATTER; COSMIC
AXIONS; PARTICLE PHYSICS; INVISIBLE AXIONS; RYDBERG ATOMS; INVARIANCE;
AMPLIFIER; DENSITY
AB A very light axion would be copiously produced during the Big Bang as a zero-temperature Bose gas, and it would possess vanishingly small couplings to matter and radiation. It thus represents an ideal cold dark matter candidate. Galactic halo axions may be detected by their resonant conversion to microwave photons in a high-Q cavity permeated by a strong, magnetic field. A large-scale search for the axion is ongoing in the US with sufficient sensitivity to see axions of plausible model couplings. Dramatic breakthroughs in the development of near-quantum limited superconducting quantum interference device amplifiers promise to improve the sensitivity of the experiment by a factor of 30 in the near future. In Japan, a group has been developing a Rydberg atom single-quantum detector as an alternative to linear amplifiers for a microwave-cavity axion experiment. Should the axion be discovered, the predicted fine structure in the exion signal would be rich in information about the history of galactic formation.
C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Van Bibber, KA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
NR 39
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU ROYAL SOC LONDON
PI LONDON
PA 6 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND
SN 1364-503X
J9 PHILOS T ROY SOC A
JI Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. Ser. A-Math. Phys. Eng. Sci.
PD NOV 15
PY 2003
VL 361
IS 1812
BP 2553
EP 2567
DI 10.1098/rsta.2003.1291
PG 15
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 744BJ
UT WOS:000186607800009
PM 14667317
ER
PT J
AU Song, KJ
Park, C
Oh, SS
Kwon, YK
Thompson, JR
Mandrus, DG
Paul, DM
Tomy, CV
AF Song, KJ
Park, C
Oh, SS
Kwon, YK
Thompson, JR
Mandrus, DG
Paul, DM
Tomy, CV
TI Complementary study of heat capacity and magnetization for intermetallic
YNi2B2C single crystal
SO PHYSICA C-SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
ID UPPER CRITICAL-FIELD; VORTEX-STATE; SUPERCONDUCTOR; LUNI2B2C;
TRANSITION; ANISOTROPY; ERNI2B2C; PHASES; GAP
AB The superconducting and magnetic properties of YNi2B2C single crystal have been investigated by heat capacity and dc-magnetic methods, with magnetic field applied parallel to the c-axis, i.e., H\\ (0 0 1)-direction. In the framework of heat capacity and magnetization analyses, we obtain the thermodynamic critical field H-c from both heat capacity and magnetization data. The heat capacity data deviate from predictions for both weak- and strong-coupling superconductivity, but are described relatively well in a medium-coupling analysis. The precise t(3)-dependence of the electronic heat capacity C-es indicates the gap anisotropy with the presence of point nodes for YNi2B2C single crystal. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Korea Electrotechnol Res Inst, Chang Won 641120, Kyungnam, South Korea.
Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys, Knoxville, TN 37919 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37919 USA.
Univ Warwick, Dept Phys, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England.
Indian Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Bombay 40076, Maharashtra, India.
RP Song, KJ (reprint author), Korea Electrotechnol Res Inst, Chang Won 641120, Kyungnam, South Korea.
EM kjsong@keri.re.kr
RI Yoon, Sejin/F-7637-2013; Mandrus, David/H-3090-2014
NR 28
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0921-4534
J9 PHYSICA C
JI Physica C
PD NOV 15
PY 2003
VL 398
IS 3-4
BP 107
EP 113
DI 10.1016/S0921-4534(03)01267-X
PG 7
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 738JE
UT WOS:000186282800005
ER
PT J
AU Rittenhouse, RC
Apostoluk, WK
Miller, JH
Straatsma, TP
AF Rittenhouse, RC
Apostoluk, WK
Miller, JH
Straatsma, TP
TI Characterization of the active site of DNA polymerase beta by molecular
dynamics and quantum chemical calculation
SO PROTEINS-STRUCTURE FUNCTION AND GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
DE molecular dynamics; quantum calculation; geometry optimization;
metalloenzyme; magnesium complex; coordination; tightly bound water;
hydrogen bond
ID BASE-EXCISION-REPAIR; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES; ZINC-PHOSPHOTRIESTERASE;
ANGSTROM RESOLUTION; CATALYTIC MECHANISM; MAGNESIUM; FIDELITY;
SIMULATION; COMPLEXES; WATER
AB It is well established that the fully formed polymerase active site of the DNA repair enzyme, polymerase beta (pol beta), including two bound Mg2+ cations and the nucleoside triphosphate (dNTP) substrate, exists at only one point in the catalytic cycle just prior to the chemical nucleotidyl transfer step. The structure of the active conformation has been the subject of much interest as it relates to the mechanism of the chemical step and also to the question of fidelity assurance. Although crystal structures of ternary pol beta-(primer-template) DNA-dNTP complexes have provided the main structural features of the active site, they are necessarily incomplete due to intentional alterations (e.g., removal of the 3'OH groups from primer and substrate) needed to obtain a structure from midcycle. Working from the crystal structure closest to the fully formed active site [Protein Data Bank (PDB) code: 1bpy], two molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of the solvated ternary complex were performed: one with the missing 3'OHs restored, via modeling, to the primer and substrate, and the other without restoration of the 3'OHs. The results of the simulations, together with ab initio optimizations on simplified active-site models, indicate that the missing primer 3'OH in the crystal structure is responsible for a significant perturbation in the coordination sphere of the catalytic cation and allow us to suggest several corrections and additions to the active-site structure as observed by crystallography. In addition, the calculations help to resolve questions raised regarding the protonation states of coordinating ligands. (C) 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Computat Biosci Grp, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Straatsma, TP (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Computat Biosci Grp, Div Biol Sci, Mailstop K1-92, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
NR 45
TC 34
Z9 34
U1 1
U2 7
PU WILEY-LISS
PI NEW YORK
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA
SN 0887-3585
J9 PROTEINS
JI Proteins
PD NOV 15
PY 2003
VL 53
IS 3
BP 667
EP 682
DI 10.1002/prot.10451
PG 16
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics
GA 739FF
UT WOS:000186333200008
PM 14579358
ER
PT J
AU Martin, LP
Pham, AQ
Glass, RS
AF Martin, LP
Pham, AQ
Glass, RS
TI Effect of Cr2O3 electrode morphology on the nitric oxide response of a
stabilized zirconia sensor
SO SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
LA English
DT Article
DE NOx; NO; gas sensor; microstructure; potentiometric; chromium oxide
ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE; GAS SENSORS; SENSING ELECTRODE; CHROMIUM-OXIDE;
EXHAUST-GASES; NOX; CONDUCTION; JUNCTIONS
AB Electrochemical sensors using a porous Cr2O3 Sensing electrode and an yttria- stabilized zirconia electrolyte were fabricated and tested for their NO sensitivity. The electrodes were fabricated by colloidal spray deposition of Cr2O3 powder, followed by sintering at 1000-1200 degreesC. The effects of sintering temperature on the electrode thickness and microstructure are discussed. The observed dependence of the NO sensitivity, in the temperature range of 500-600 degreesC, on both the electrode thickness and microstructure indicates competing mechanisms are involved in the sensor response. The reaction of NO and O-2 to form NO at the electrode surface was explored using a cherm luminescent NOx analyzer. The data indicate that sintering temperature also affects the catalytic activity of the Cr2O3. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Martin, LP (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Mail Stop L-353,POB 808, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
NR 28
TC 53
Z9 54
U1 0
U2 8
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0925-4005
J9 SENSOR ACTUAT B-CHEM
JI Sens. Actuator B-Chem.
PD NOV 15
PY 2003
VL 96
IS 1-2
BP 53
EP 60
DI 10.1016/S0925-4005(03)00485-4
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA 748TZ
UT WOS:000186878300006
ER
PT J
AU Medlin, JW
Lutz, AE
Bastasz, R
McDaniel, AH
AF Medlin, JW
Lutz, AE
Bastasz, R
McDaniel, AH
TI The response of palladium metal-insulator-semiconductor devices to
hydrogen-oxygen mixtures: comparisons between kinetic models and
experiment
SO SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
LA English
DT Article
DE catalysis; metal-insulator-semiconductor hydrogen sensor; kinetic model
ID FIELD-EFFECT DEVICES; SENSITIVE MOS-STRUCTURES; PD; ADSORPTION; PD(111);
ABSORPTION; SENSORS; SURFACE; CO; OXIDATION
AB The operation of hydrogen-sensitive metal-insulator-semiconductor (MIS) devices in the presence of oxygen is described using a detailed model of the surface and interface kinetics. The solution methods developed here build on existing models by considering adsorbed oxygenated species in the interaction between atomic hydrogen at the metal-semiconductor interface and the external surface. The net effect of the adsorbed oxygenated species is to increase the amount of interfacial hydrogen predicted to exist within the structure at equilibrium. These theoretical predictions are compared to computed results from a previously existing model; furthermore, both mechanistic models are analyzed in light of new and previously published experimental response trends for MIS devices. Although the two models considered in this work are each found to be useful in understanding some aspects of the response, elementary reaction mechanisms appear to be inadequate for prediction of response curves. The results of these comparisons suggest that the kinetics for operation of MIS sensors in hydrogen-oxygen mixtures are quite complex, and may be strongly morphology-dependent. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RP McDaniel, AH (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Box 969,MS 9052, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
NR 22
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0925-4005
J9 SENSOR ACTUAT B-CHEM
JI Sens. Actuator B-Chem.
PD NOV 15
PY 2003
VL 96
IS 1-2
BP 290
EP 297
DI 10.1016/S0925-4005(03)00454-8
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA 748TZ
UT WOS:000186878300037
ER
PT J
AU Jaeger, CD
AF Jaeger, CD
TI Chemical facility vulnerability assessment project
SO JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Annual Symposium of the Mary-Kay-OConnor-Process-Safety-Center
CY OCT 29-30, 2002
CL COLL STN, TEXAS
SP Mary Kay OConnor Proc Safety Ctr
DE chemical facility vulnerability assessment; vulnerability assessment
methodology; VAM-CFTM
AB Sandia National Laboratories, under the direction of the Office of Science and Technology, National Institute of Justice, conducted the chemical facility vulnerability assessment (CFVA) project. The primary objective of this project was to develop, test and validate a vulnerability assessment methodology (VAM) for determining the security of chemical facilities against terrorist or criminal attacks (VAM-CF(TM)). The project also included a report to the Department of Justice for Congress that in addition to describing the VAM-CF(TM) also addressed general observations related to security practices, threats and risks at chemical facilities and chemical transport.
In the development of the VAM-CF(TM) Sandia leveraged the experience gained from the use and development of VAs in other areas and the input from the chemical industry and Federal agencies. The VAM-CF(TM) is a systematic, risk-based approach where risk is a function of the severity of consequences of an undesired event, the attack potential, and the likelihood of adversary success in causing the undesired event. For the purpose of the VAM-CF(TM) analyses Risk is a function of S, L-A, and L-AS, where S is the severity of consequence of an event, L-A is the attack potential and L-AS likelihood of adversary success in causing a catastrophic event. The VAM-CF(TM) consists of 13 basic steps. It involves an initial screening step, which helps to identify and prioritize facilities for further analysis. This step is similar to the prioritization approach developed by the American Chemistry Council (ACC). Other steps help to determine the components of the risk equation and ultimately the risk. The VAM-CF(TM) process involves identifying the hazardous chemicals and processes at a chemical facility. It helps chemical facilities to focus their attention on the most critical areas. The VAM-CF(TM) is not a quantitative analysis but, rather, compares relative security risks. If the risks are deemed too high, recommendations are developed for measures to reduce the risk. This paper will briefly discuss the CFVA project and VAM-CF(TM) process. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Secur Syst & Technol Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Jaeger, CD (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Secur Syst & Technol Ctr, POB 5800,MS 0759, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
NR 0
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0304-3894
J9 J HAZARD MATER
JI J. Hazard. Mater.
PD NOV 14
PY 2003
VL 104
IS 1-3
BP 207
EP 213
DI 10.1016/S0304-3894(03)00272-3
PG 7
WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 746BJ
UT WOS:000186726200017
PM 14602410
ER
PT J
AU Collis, GE
Burrell, AK
AF Collis, GE
Burrell, AK
TI Toward functionalized conducting polymers: synthesis and
characterization of novel beta-(Styryl)terthiophenes
SO JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID CROSS-COUPLING REACTIONS; X-RAY STRUCTURE; CONJUGATED POLYMERS;
CONVENIENT SYNTHESIS; WITTIG REACTION; POLYTHIOPHENES; DERIVATIVES;
DEVICES; TERTHIOPHENE; THIOPHENE
AB Metal-catalyzed coupling methodologies have been employed in the synthesis of the key building block 3'-formyl-2,2':5',2"-terthiophene. Wittig olefinations with this aldehyde have produced five novel beta-styryl-substituted terthiophene monomers. These materials have been fully characterized by NMR spectroscopy, microanalysis, mass spectrometry, and X-ray crystal structure analysis. The results from the UV/visible spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetric investigations are reported.
C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, CSIC, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Massey Univ, Nanomat Res Ctr, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
RP Burrell, AK (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, CSIC, Mail Stop J514, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM burrell@lanl.gov
RI Collis, Gavin/D-6343-2011
NR 68
TC 56
Z9 56
U1 0
U2 9
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0022-3263
J9 J ORG CHEM
JI J. Org. Chem.
PD NOV 14
PY 2003
VL 68
IS 23
BP 8974
EP 8983
DI 10.1021/jo034855g
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Organic
SC Chemistry
GA 741YY
UT WOS:000186489000031
PM 14604370
ER
PT J
AU Kumar, P
Nukala, VV
Simunovic, S
AF Kumar, P
Nukala, VV
Simunovic, S
TI An efficient algorithm for simulating fracture using large fuse networks
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A-MATHEMATICAL AND GENERAL
LA English
DT Article
ID SPARSE CHOLESKY FACTORIZATION; TOEPLITZ-SYSTEMS; FOURIER ACCELERATION;
DISORDERED-SYSTEMS; BREAKDOWN; MATRIX
AB The high computational cost involved in modelling of the progressive fracture simulations using large discrete lattice networks stems from the requirement to solve a new large set of linear equations every time a new lattice bond is broken. To address this problem, we propose an algorithm that combines the multiple-rank sparse Cholesky downdating algorithm with the rank-p inverse updating algorithm based on the Sherman-Morrison-Woodbury formula for the simulation of progressive fracture in disordered quasi-brittle materials using discrete lattice networks. Using the present algorithm, the computational complexity of solving the new set of linear equations after breaking a bond reduces to the same order as that of a simple backsolve (forward elimination and backward substitution) using the already LU factored matrix. That is, the computational cost is O(nnz(L)), where nnz(L) denotes the number of non-zeros of the Cholesky factorization L of the stiffness matrix A. This algorithm using the direct sparse solver is faster than the Fourier accelerated preconditioned conjugate gradient (PCG) iterative solvers, and eliminates the critical slowing down associated with the iterative solvers that is especially severe close to the critical points., Numerical results using random resistor networks substantiate the efficiency of the present algorithm.
C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Kumar, P (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
NR 21
TC 30
Z9 30
U1 0
U2 1
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0305-4470
J9 J PHYS A-MATH GEN
JI J. Phys. A-Math. Gen.
PD NOV 14
PY 2003
VL 36
IS 45
BP 11403
EP 11412
AR PII S0305-4470(03)67227-6
DI 10.1088/0305-4470/36/45/004
PG 10
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical
SC Physics
GA 750XJ
UT WOS:000187023500005
ER
PT J
AU Ang, LK
Kwan, TJT
Lau, YY
AF Ang, LK
Kwan, TJT
Lau, YY
TI New scaling of Child-Langmuir law in the quantum regime
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
AB This paper presents a consistent quantum mechanical model of Child-Langmuir (CL) law, including electron exchange-correlation interaction, electrode's surface curvature, and finite emitter area. The classical value of the CL law is increased by a larger factor due to the electron tunneling through the space-charge potential, and the electron exchange-correlation interaction becomes important when the applied gap voltage V-g and the gap spacing D are, respectively, on the order of Hartree energy level, and nanometer scale. It is found that the classical scaling of V-g(3/2) and D-2 is no longer valid in the quantum regime, and a new scaling of V-g(1/2) and D-4 is established. The smooth transition from the classical regime to the quantum regime is also demonstrated.
C1 Nanyang Technol Univ, Sch Elect & Elect Engn, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Appl Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Univ Michigan, Dept Nucl Engn & Radiol Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
RP Nanyang Technol Univ, Sch Elect & Elect Engn, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
EM elkang@ntu.edu.sg
RI ANG, Lay Kee/F-8115-2015
OI ANG, Lay Kee/0000-0003-2811-1194
NR 17
TC 103
Z9 103
U1 1
U2 9
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
EI 1079-7114
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD NOV 14
PY 2003
VL 91
IS 20
AR 208303
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.208303
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 743LB
UT WOS:000186572300061
PM 14683407
ER
PT J
AU Aubert, B
Barate, R
Boutigny, D
Gaillard, JM
Hicheur, A
Karyotakis, Y
Lees, JP
Robbe, P
Tisserand, V
Zghiche, A
Palano, A
Pompili, A
Chen, JC
Qi, ND
Rong, G
Wang, P
Zhu, YS
Eigen, G
Ofte, I
Stugu, B
Abrams, GS
Borgland, AW
Breon, AB
Brown, DN
Button-Shafer, J
Cahn, RN
Charles, E
Day, CT
Gill, MS
Gritsan, AV
Groysman, Y
Jacobsen, RG
Kadel, RW
Kadyk, J
Kerth, LT
Kolomensky, YG
Kral, JF
Kukartsev, G
LeClerc, C
Levi, ME
Lynch, G
Mir, LM
Oddone, PJ
Orimoto, TJ
Pripstein, M
Roe, NA
Romosan, A
Ronan, MT
Shelkov, VG
Telnov, AV
Wenzel, WA
Ford, K
Harrison, TJ
Hawkes, CM
Knowles, DJ
Morgan, SE
Penny, RC
Watson, AT
Watson, NK
Deppermann, T
Goetzen, K
Koch, H
Lewandowski, B
Pelizaeus, M
Peters, K
Schmuecker, H
Steinke, M
Barlow, NR
Boyd, JT
Chevalier, N
Cottingham, WN
Kelly, MP
Latham, TE
Mackay, C
Wilson, FF
Abe, K
Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T
Hearty, C
Mattison, TS
McKenna, JA
Thiessen, D
Kyberd, P
McKemey, AK
Blinov, VE
Bukin, AD
Golubev, VB
Ivanchenko, VN
Kravchenko, EA
Onuchin, AP
Serednyakov, SI
Skovpen, YI
Solodov, EP
Yushkov, AN
Best, D
Chao, M
Kirkby, D
Lankford, AJ
Mandelkern, M
McMahon, S
Mommsen, RK
Roethel, W
Stoker, DP
Buchanan, C
del Re, D
Hadavand, HK
Hill, EJ
MacFarlane, DB
Paar, HP
Rahatlou, S
Schwanke, U
Sharma, V
Berryhill, JW
Campagnari, C
Dahmes, B
Kuznetsova, N
Levy, SL
Long, O
Lu, A
Mazur, MA
Richman, JD
Verkerke, W
Beck, TW
Beringer, J
Eisner, AM
Heusch, CA
Lockman, WS
Schalk, T
Schmitz, RE
Schumm, BA
Seiden, A
Turri, M
Walkowiak, W
Williams, DC
Wilson, MG
Albert, J
Chen, E
Dubois-Felsmann, GP
Dvoretskii, A
Hitlin, DG
Narsky, I
Porter, FC
Ryd, A
Samuel, A
Yang, S
Jayatilleke, S
Mancinelli, G
Meadows, BT
Sokoloff, MD
Abe, T
Barillari, T
Blanc, F
Bloom, P
Clark, PJ
Ford, WT
Nauenberg, U
Olivas, A
Rankin, P
Roy, J
Smith, JG
van Hoek, WC
Zhang, L
Harton, JL
Hu, T
Soffer, A
Toki, WH
Wilson, RJ
Zhang, J
Altenburg, D
Brandt, T
Brose, J
Colberg, T
Dickopp, M
Dubitzky, RS
Hauke, A
Lacker, HM
Maly, E
Muller-Pfefferkorn, R
Nogowski, R
Otto, S
Schubert, KR
Schwierz, R
Spaan, B
Wilden, L
Bernard, D
Bonneaud, GR
Brochard, F
Cohen-Tanugi, J
Thiebaux, C
Vasileiadis, G
Verderi, M
Khan, A
Lavin, D
Muheim, F
Playfer, S
Swain, JE
Tinslay, J
Andreotti, M
Bettoni, D
Bozzi, C
Calabrese, R
Cibinetto, G
Luppi, E
Negrini, M
Piemontese, L
Sarti, A
Treadwell, E
Anulli, F
Baldini-Ferroli, R
Calcaterra, A
de Sangro, R
Falciai, D
Finocchiaro, G
Patteri, P
Peruzzi, IM
Piccolo, M
Zallo, A
Buzzo, A
Contri, R
Crosetti, G
Lo Vetere, M
Macri, M
Monge, MR
Passaggio, S
Pastore, FC
Patrignani, C
Robutti, E
Santroni, A
Tosi, S
Bailey, S
Morii, M
Aspinwall, ML
Bhimji, W
Bowerman, DA
Dauncey, PD
Egede, U
Eschrich, I
Morton, GW
Nash, JA
Sanders, P
Taylor, GP
Grenier, GJ
Lee, SJ
Mallik, U
Cochran, J
Crawley, HB
Lamsa, J
Meyer, WT
Prell, S
Rosenberg, EI
Yi, J
Davier, M
Grosdidier, G
Hocker, A
Laplace, S
Le Diberder, F
Lepeltier, V
Lutz, AM
Petersen, TC
Plaszczynski, S
Schune, MH
Tantot, L
Wormser, G
Brigljevic, V
Cheng, CH
Lange, DJ
Wright, DM
Bevan, AJ
Coleman, JP
Fry, JR
Gabathuler, E
Gamet, R
Kay, M
Parry, RJ
Payne, DJ
Sloane, RJ
Touramanis, C
Back, JJ
Harrison, PF
Shorthouse, HW
Strother, P
Vidal, PB
Brown, CL
Cowan, G
Flack, RL
Flaecher, HU
George, S
Green, MG
Kurup, A
Marker, CE
McMahon, TR
Ricciardi, S
Salvatore, F
Vaitsas, G
Winter, MA
Brown, D
Davis, CL
Allison, J
Barlow, RJ
Forti, AC
Hart, PA
Jackson, F
Lafferty, GD
Lyon, AJ
Weatherall, JH
Williams, JC
Farbin, A
Jawahery, A
Kovalskyi, D
Lae, CK
Lillard, V
Roberts, DA
Blaylock, G
Dallapiccola, C
Flood, KT
Hertzbach, SS
Kofler, R
Koptchev, VB
Moore, TB
Saremi, S
Staengle, H
Willocq, S
Cowan, R
Sciolla, G
Taylor, F
Yamamoto, RK
Mangeol, DJJ
Milek, M
Patel, PM
Lazzaro, A
Palombo, F
Bauer, JM
Cremaldi, L
Eschenburg, V
Godang, R
Kroeger, R
Reidy, J
Sanders, DA
Summers, DJ
Zhao, HW
Hast, C
Taras, P
Nicholson, H
Cartaro, C
Cavallo, N
De Nardo, G
Fabozzi, F
Gatto, C
Lista, L
Paolucci, P
Piccolo, D
Sciacca, C
Baak, MA
Raven, G
LoSecco, JM
Gabriel, TA
Brau, B
Pulliam, T
Brau, J
Frey, R
Potter, CT
Sinev, NB
Strom, D
Torrence, E
Colecchia, F
Dorigo, A
Galeazzi, F
Margoni, M
Morandin, M
Posocco, M
Rotondo, M
Simonetto, F
Stroili, R
Tiozzo, G
Voci, C
Benayoun, M
Briand, H
Chauveau, J
David, P
de la Vaissiere, C
Del Buono, L
Hamon, O
John, MJJ
Leruste, P
Ocariz, J
Pivk, M
Roos, L
Stark, J
T'Jampens, S
Manfredi, PF
Re, V
Gladney, L
Guo, QH
Panetta, J
Angelini, C
Batignani, G
Bettarini, S
Bondioli, M
Bucci, F
Calderini, G
Carpinelli, M
Forti, F
Giorgi, MA
Lusiani, A
Marchiori, G
Martinez-Vidal, F
Morganti, M
Neri, N
Paoloni, E
Rama, M
Rizzo, G
Sandrelli, F
Walsh, J
Haire, M
Judd, D
Paick, K
Wagoner, DE
Danielson, N
Elmer, P
Lu, C
Miftakov, V
Olsen, J
Smith, AJS
Varnes, EW
Bellini, F
Cavoto, G
Faccini, R
Ferrarotto, F
Ferroni, F
Gaspero, M
Mazzoni, MA
Morganti, S
Pierini, M
Piredda, G
Tehrani, FS
Voena, C
Christ, S
Wagner, G
Waldi, R
Adye, T
De Groot, N
Franek, B
Geddes, NI
Gopal, GP
Olaiya, EO
Xella, SM
Aleksan, R
Emery, S
Gaidot, A
Ganzhur, SF
Giraud, PF
de Monchenault, GH
Kozanecki, W
Langer, M
London, GW
Mayer, B
Schott, G
Vasseur, G
Yeche, C
Zito, M
Purohit, MV
Weidemann, AW
Yumiceva, FX
Aston, D
Bartoldus, R
Berger, N
Boyarski, AM
Buchmueller, OL
Convery, MR
Coupal, DP
Dong, D
Dorfan, J
Dujmic, D
Dunwoodie, W
Field, RC
Glanzman, T
Gowdy, SJ
Grauges-Pous, E
Hadig, T
Halyo, V
Hryn'ova, T
Innes, WR
Jessop, CP
Kelsey, MH
Kim, P
Kocian, ML
Langenegger, U
Leith, DWGS
Luitz, S
Luth, V
Lynch, HL
Marsiske, H
Menke, S
Messner, R
Muller, DR
O'Grady, CP
Ozcan, VE
Perazzo, A
Perl, M
Petrak, S
Ratcliff, BN
Robertson, SH
Roodman, A
Salnikov, AA
Schindler, RH
Schwiening, J
Simi, G
Snyder, A
Soha, A
Stelzer, J
Su, D
Sullivan, MK
Tanaka, HA
Va'vra, J
Wagner, SR
Weaver, M
Weinstein, AJR
Wisniewski, WJ
Wright, DH
Young, CC
Burchat, PR
Edwards, AJ
Meyer, TI
Roat, C
Ahmed, S
Alam, MS
Ernst, JA
Saleem, M
Wappler, FR
Bugg, W
Krishnamurthy, M
Spanier, SM
Eckmann, R
Kim, H
Ritchie, JL
Schwitters, RF
Izen, JM
Kitayama, I
Lou, XC
Ye, S
Bianchi, F
Bona, M
Gallo, F
Gamba, D
Borean, C
Bosisio, L
Della Ricca, G
Dittongo, S
Grancagnolo, S
Lanceri, L
Poropat, P
Vitale, L
Vuagnin, G
Panvini, RS
Banerjee, S
Brown, CM
Fortin, D
Jackson, PD
Kowalewski, R
Roney, JM
Band, HR
Dasu, S
Datta, M
Eichenbaum, AM
Hu, H
Johnson, JR
Kutter, PE
Li, H
Liu, R
Di Lodovico, F
Mihalyi, A
Mohapatra, AK
Pan, Y
Prepost, R
Sekula, SJ
von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH
Wu, J
Wu, SL
Yu, Z
Neal, H
AF Aubert, B
Barate, R
Boutigny, D
Gaillard, JM
Hicheur, A
Karyotakis, Y
Lees, JP
Robbe, P
Tisserand, V
Zghiche, A
Palano, A
Pompili, A
Chen, JC
Qi, ND
Rong, G
Wang, P
Zhu, YS
Eigen, G
Ofte, I
Stugu, B
Abrams, GS
Borgland, AW
Breon, AB
Brown, DN
Button-Shafer, J
Cahn, RN
Charles, E
Day, CT
Gill, MS
Gritsan, AV
Groysman, Y
Jacobsen, RG
Kadel, RW
Kadyk, J
Kerth, LT
Kolomensky, YG
Kral, JF
Kukartsev, G
LeClerc, C
Levi, ME
Lynch, G
Mir, LM
Oddone, PJ
Orimoto, TJ
Pripstein, M
Roe, NA
Romosan, A
Ronan, MT
Shelkov, VG
Telnov, AV
Wenzel, WA
Ford, K
Harrison, TJ
Hawkes, CM
Knowles, DJ
Morgan, SE
Penny, RC
Watson, AT
Watson, NK
Deppermann, T
Goetzen, K
Koch, H
Lewandowski, B
Pelizaeus, M
Peters, K
Schmuecker, H
Steinke, M
Barlow, NR
Boyd, JT
Chevalier, N
Cottingham, WN
Kelly, MP
Latham, TE
Mackay, C
Wilson, FF
Abe, K
Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T
Hearty, C
Mattison, TS
McKenna, JA
Thiessen, D
Kyberd, P
McKemey, AK
Blinov, VE
Bukin, AD
Golubev, VB
Ivanchenko, VN
Kravchenko, EA
Onuchin, AP
Serednyakov, SI
Skovpen, YI
Solodov, EP
Yushkov, AN
Best, D
Chao, M
Kirkby, D
Lankford, AJ
Mandelkern, M
McMahon, S
Mommsen, RK
Roethel, W
Stoker, DP
Buchanan, C
del Re, D
Hadavand, HK
Hill, EJ
MacFarlane, DB
Paar, HP
Rahatlou, S
Schwanke, U
Sharma, V
Berryhill, JW
Campagnari, C
Dahmes, B
Kuznetsova, N
Levy, SL
Long, O
Lu, A
Mazur, MA
Richman, JD
Verkerke, W
Beck, TW
Beringer, J
Eisner, AM
Heusch, CA
Lockman, WS
Schalk, T
Schmitz, RE
Schumm, BA
Seiden, A
Turri, M
Walkowiak, W
Williams, DC
Wilson, MG
Albert, J
Chen, E
Dubois-Felsmann, GP
Dvoretskii, A
Hitlin, DG
Narsky, I
Porter, FC
Ryd, A
Samuel, A
Yang, S
Jayatilleke, S
Mancinelli, G
Meadows, BT
Sokoloff, MD
Abe, T
Barillari, T
Blanc, F
Bloom, P
Clark, PJ
Ford, WT
Nauenberg, U
Olivas, A
Rankin, P
Roy, J
Smith, JG
van Hoek, WC
Zhang, L
Harton, JL
Hu, T
Soffer, A
Toki, WH
Wilson, RJ
Zhang, J
Altenburg, D
Brandt, T
Brose, J
Colberg, T
Dickopp, M
Dubitzky, RS
Hauke, A
Lacker, HM
Maly, E
Muller-Pfefferkorn, R
Nogowski, R
Otto, S
Schubert, KR
Schwierz, R
Spaan, B
Wilden, L
Bernard, D
Bonneaud, GR
Brochard, F
Cohen-Tanugi, J
Thiebaux, C
Vasileiadis, G
Verderi, M
Khan, A
Lavin, D
Muheim, F
Playfer, S
Swain, JE
Tinslay, J
Andreotti, M
Bettoni, D
Bozzi, C
Calabrese, R
Cibinetto, G
Luppi, E
Negrini, M
Piemontese, L
Sarti, A
Treadwell, E
Anulli, F
Baldini-Ferroli, R
Calcaterra, A
de Sangro, R
Falciai, D
Finocchiaro, G
Patteri, P
Peruzzi, IM
Piccolo, M
Zallo, A
Buzzo, A
Contri, R
Crosetti, G
Lo Vetere, M
Macri, M
Monge, MR
Passaggio, S
Pastore, FC
Patrignani, C
Robutti, E
Santroni, A
Tosi, S
Bailey, S
Morii, M
Aspinwall, ML
Bhimji, W
Bowerman, DA
Dauncey, PD
Egede, U
Eschrich, I
Morton, GW
Nash, JA
Sanders, P
Taylor, GP
Grenier, GJ
Lee, SJ
Mallik, U
Cochran, J
Crawley, HB
Lamsa, J
Meyer, WT
Prell, S
Rosenberg, EI
Yi, J
Davier, M
Grosdidier, G
Hocker, A
Laplace, S
Le Diberder, F
Lepeltier, V
Lutz, AM
Petersen, TC
Plaszczynski, S
Schune, MH
Tantot, L
Wormser, G
Brigljevic, V
Cheng, CH
Lange, DJ
Wright, DM
Bevan, AJ
Coleman, JP
Fry, JR
Gabathuler, E
Gamet, R
Kay, M
Parry, RJ
Payne, DJ
Sloane, RJ
Touramanis, C
Back, JJ
Harrison, PF
Shorthouse, HW
Strother, P
Vidal, PB
Brown, CL
Cowan, G
Flack, RL
Flaecher, HU
George, S
Green, MG
Kurup, A
Marker, CE
McMahon, TR
Ricciardi, S
Salvatore, F
Vaitsas, G
Winter, MA
Brown, D
Davis, CL
Allison, J
Barlow, RJ
Forti, AC
Hart, PA
Jackson, F
Lafferty, GD
Lyon, AJ
Weatherall, JH
Williams, JC
Farbin, A
Jawahery, A
Kovalskyi, D
Lae, CK
Lillard, V
Roberts, DA
Blaylock, G
Dallapiccola, C
Flood, KT
Hertzbach, SS
Kofler, R
Koptchev, VB
Moore, TB
Saremi, S
Staengle, H
Willocq, S
Cowan, R
Sciolla, G
Taylor, F
Yamamoto, RK
Mangeol, DJJ
Milek, M
Patel, PM
Lazzaro, A
Palombo, F
Bauer, JM
Cremaldi, L
Eschenburg, V
Godang, R
Kroeger, R
Reidy, J
Sanders, DA
Summers, DJ
Zhao, HW
Hast, C
Taras, P
Nicholson, H
Cartaro, C
Cavallo, N
De Nardo, G
Fabozzi, F
Gatto, C
Lista, L
Paolucci, P
Piccolo, D
Sciacca, C
Baak, MA
Raven, G
LoSecco, JM
Gabriel, TA
Brau, B
Pulliam, T
Brau, J
Frey, R
Potter, CT
Sinev, NB
Strom, D
Torrence, E
Colecchia, F
Dorigo, A
Galeazzi, F
Margoni, M
Morandin, M
Posocco, M
Rotondo, M
Simonetto, F
Stroili, R
Tiozzo, G
Voci, C
Benayoun, M
Briand, H
Chauveau, J
David, P
de la Vaissiere, C
Del Buono, L
Hamon, O
John, MJJ
Leruste, P
Ocariz, J
Pivk, M
Roos, L
Stark, J
T'Jampens, S
Manfredi, PF
Re, V
Gladney, L
Guo, QH
Panetta, J
Angelini, C
Batignani, G
Bettarini, S
Bondioli, M
Bucci, F
Calderini, G
Carpinelli, M
Forti, F
Giorgi, MA
Lusiani, A
Marchiori, G
Martinez-Vidal, F
Morganti, M
Neri, N
Paoloni, E
Rama, M
Rizzo, G
Sandrelli, F
Walsh, J
Haire, M
Judd, D
Paick, K
Wagoner, DE
Danielson, N
Elmer, P
Lu, C
Miftakov, V
Olsen, J
Smith, AJS
Varnes, EW
Bellini, F
Cavoto, G
Faccini, R
Ferrarotto, F
Ferroni, F
Gaspero, M
Mazzoni, MA
Morganti, S
Pierini, M
Piredda, G
Tehrani, FS
Voena, C
Christ, S
Wagner, G
Waldi, R
Adye, T
De Groot, N
Franek, B
Geddes, NI
Gopal, GP
Olaiya, EO
Xella, SM
Aleksan, R
Emery, S
Gaidot, A
Ganzhur, SF
Giraud, PF
de Monchenault, GH
Kozanecki, W
Langer, M
London, GW
Mayer, B
Schott, G
Vasseur, G
Yeche, C
Zito, M
Purohit, MV
Weidemann, AW
Yumiceva, FX
Aston, D
Bartoldus, R
Berger, N
Boyarski, AM
Buchmueller, OL
Convery, MR
Coupal, DP
Dong, D
Dorfan, J
Dujmic, D
Dunwoodie, W
Field, RC
Glanzman, T
Gowdy, SJ
Grauges-Pous, E
Hadig, T
Halyo, V
Hryn'ova, T
Innes, WR
Jessop, CP
Kelsey, MH
Kim, P
Kocian, ML
Langenegger, U
Leith, DWGS
Luitz, S
Luth, V
Lynch, HL
Marsiske, H
Menke, S
Messner, R
Muller, DR
O'Grady, CP
Ozcan, VE
Perazzo, A
Perl, M
Petrak, S
Ratcliff, BN
Robertson, SH
Roodman, A
Salnikov, AA
Schindler, RH
Schwiening, J
Simi, G
Snyder, A
Soha, A
Stelzer, J
Su, D
Sullivan, MK
Tanaka, HA
Va'vra, J
Wagner, SR
Weaver, M
Weinstein, AJR
Wisniewski, WJ
Wright, DH
Young, CC
Burchat, PR
Edwards, AJ
Meyer, TI
Roat, C
Ahmed, S
Alam, MS
Ernst, JA
Saleem, M
Wappler, FR
Bugg, W
Krishnamurthy, M
Spanier, SM
Eckmann, R
Kim, H
Ritchie, JL
Schwitters, RF
Izen, JM
Kitayama, I
Lou, XC
Ye, S
Bianchi, F
Bona, M
Gallo, F
Gamba, D
Borean, C
Bosisio, L
Della Ricca, G
Dittongo, S
Grancagnolo, S
Lanceri, L
Poropat, P
Vitale, L
Vuagnin, G
Panvini, RS
Banerjee, S
Brown, CM
Fortin, D
Jackson, PD
Kowalewski, R
Roney, JM
Band, HR
Dasu, S
Datta, M
Eichenbaum, AM
Hu, H
Johnson, JR
Kutter, PE
Li, H
Liu, R
Di Lodovico, F
Mihalyi, A
Mohapatra, AK
Pan, Y
Prepost, R
Sekula, SJ
von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH
Wu, J
Wu, SL
Yu, Z
Neal, H
CA BABAR Collaboration
TI Measurements of branching fractions and CP-violating asymmetries in B-0
->rho(+/-)h(-/+) decays
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
AB We present measurements of branching fractions and CP-violating asymmetries in B-0-->rho(+/-)pi(-/+) and B-0-->rho(-)K(+) decays. The results are obtained from a data sample of 88.9x10(6) Y(4S)-->B (B) over bar decays collected with the BABAR detector at the SLAC PEP-II asymmetric-energy B Factory. From a time-dependent maximum likelihood fit we measure the branching fractions B(B-0-->rho(+/-)pi(-/+))=[22.6+/-1.8 (stat)+/-2.2 (syst)]x10(-6) and B(B-0-->rho(-)K(+))=(7.3 (-1.2) (+1.3)+/-1.3)x10(-6), and the CP-violating charge asymmetries A(CP)(rhopi)=-0.18+/-0.08+/-0.03 and A(CP)(rhoK)=0.28+/-0.17+/-0.08, the direct CP violation parameter C-rhopi=0.36+/-0.18+/-0.04 and the mixing-induced CP violation parameter S-rhopi=0.19+/-0.24+/-0.03, and the dilution parameters DeltaC(rhopi)=0.28 (-0.19) (+0.18)+/-0.04 and DeltaS(rhopi)=0.15+/-0.25+/-0.03.
C1 Phys Particules Lab, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France.
Univ Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy.
Univ Basilicata, I-85100 Potenza, Italy.
Univ Valencia, IFIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular, CSIC, Valencia, Spain.
Univ Bari, Dipartmento Fis, I-70126 Bari, Italy.
Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-70126 Bari, Italy.
Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China.
Univ Bergen, Inst Phys, N-5007 Bergen, Norway.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B1S 2TT, W Midlands, England.
Ruhr Univ Bochum, Inst Expt Phys 1, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
Univ Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England.
Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada.
Brunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England.
Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA.
Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA.
Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Kern & Teilchenphys, D-01062 Dresden, Germany.
Ecole Polytech, LLR, F-91128 Palaiseau, France.
Univ Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Midlothian, Scotland.
Univ Ferrara, Dipartmento Fis, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy.
Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy.
Florida A&M Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32307 USA.
Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy.
Univ Genoa, Dipartimento Fis, I-16146 Genoa, Italy.
Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-16146 Genoa, Italy.
Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London SW7 2BW, England.
Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
Lab Accelerateur Lineaire, F-91898 Orsay, France.
Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
Univ Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England.
Univ London, London E1 4NS, England.
Univ London Royal Holloway & Bedford New Coll, Egham TW20 0EX, Surrey, England.
Univ Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292 USA.
Univ Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England.
Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
MIT, Nucl Sci Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada.
Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, I-20133 Milan, Italy.
Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-20133 Milan, Italy.
Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA.
Univ Montreal, Lab Rene JA Levesque, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada.
Mt Holyoke Coll, S Hadley, MA 01075 USA.
Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Sci Fis, I-80126 Naples, Italy.
Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-80126 Naples, Italy.
Natl Inst Nucl & High Energy Phys, NIKHEF, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
Univ Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA.
Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis, I-35131 Padua, Italy.
Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-35131 Padua, Italy.
Univ Paris 06, Lab Phys Nucl HE, F-75252 Paris, France.
Univ Pavia, Dipartimento Elettr, I-27100 Pavia, Italy.
Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-27100 Pavia, Italy.
Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis, Scuola Normale Super, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.
Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.
Prairie View A&M Univ, Prairie View, TX 77446 USA.
Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy.
Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-00185 Rome, Italy.
Univ Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany.
Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England.
CEA Saclay, DSM Dapnia, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA.
Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
SUNY Albany, Albany, NY 12222 USA.
Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
Univ Texas, Richardson, TX 75083 USA.
Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Sperimentale, I-10125 Turin, Italy.
Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-10125 Turin, Italy.
Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.
Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.
Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.
Univ Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6, Canada.
Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06511 USA.
Univ Paris 07, Lab Phys Nucl HE, F-75252 Paris, France.
RP Aubert, B (reprint author), Phys Particules Lab, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France.
RI Di Lodovico, Francesca/L-9109-2016; Calcaterra, Alessandro/P-5260-2015;
Frey, Raymond/E-2830-2016; Luppi, Eleonora/A-4902-2015; Kravchenko,
Evgeniy/F-5457-2015; Calabrese, Roberto/G-4405-2015; Mir,
Lluisa-Maria/G-7212-2015; Martinez Vidal, F*/L-7563-2014; Kolomensky,
Yury/I-3510-2015; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/J-5049-2012; Grancagnolo,
Sergio/J-3957-2015; Lusiani, Alberto/N-2976-2015; Morandin,
Mauro/A-3308-2016; Lusiani, Alberto/A-3329-2016; Della Ricca,
Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Cavallo, Nicola/F-8913-2012; Peters,
Klaus/C-2728-2008; Negrini, Matteo/C-8906-2014; Patrignani,
Claudia/C-5223-2009; Monge, Maria Roberta/G-9127-2012; de Groot,
Nicolo/A-2675-2009; Lista, Luca/C-5719-2008; Bellini, Fabio/D-1055-2009;
Neri, Nicola/G-3991-2012; Forti, Francesco/H-3035-2011; Rotondo,
Marcello/I-6043-2012; de Sangro, Riccardo/J-2901-2012; Sarti,
Alessio/I-2833-2012
OI Di Lodovico, Francesca/0000-0003-3952-2175; Calcaterra,
Alessandro/0000-0003-2670-4826; Frey, Raymond/0000-0003-0341-2636;
Luppi, Eleonora/0000-0002-1072-5633; Calabrese,
Roberto/0000-0002-1354-5400; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/0000-0002-4276-715X;
Martinez Vidal, F*/0000-0001-6841-6035; Kolomensky,
Yury/0000-0001-8496-9975; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/0000-0002-6520-4480;
Grancagnolo, Sergio/0000-0001-8490-8304; Lusiani,
Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Morandin, Mauro/0000-0003-4708-4240;
Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Della Ricca,
Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Peters, Klaus/0000-0001-7133-0662;
Negrini, Matteo/0000-0003-0101-6963; Patrignani,
Claudia/0000-0002-5882-1747; Monge, Maria Roberta/0000-0003-1633-3195;
Bellini, Fabio/0000-0002-2936-660X; Neri, Nicola/0000-0002-6106-3756;
Forti, Francesco/0000-0001-6535-7965; Rotondo,
Marcello/0000-0001-5704-6163; de Sangro, Riccardo/0000-0002-3808-5455;
Sarti, Alessio/0000-0001-5419-7951
NR 16
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD NOV 14
PY 2003
VL 91
IS 20
AR 201802
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.201802
PG 7
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 743LB
UT WOS:000186572300007
ER
PT J
AU Chen, KF
Bozek, A
Abe, K
Abe, K
Abe, T
Adachi, I
Aihara, H
Akatsu, M
Asano, Y
Aso, T
Bakich, AM
Ban, Y
Banas, E
Bay, A
Behera, PK
Bizjak, I
Bondar, A
Bracko, M
Brodzicka, J
Browder, TE
Casey, BCK
Chang, MC
Chang, P
Chao, Y
Cheon, BG
Chistov, R
Choi, SK
Choi, Y
Choi, YK
Danilov, M
Dash, M
Dong, LY
Drutskoy, A
Eidelman, S
Eiges, V
Enari, Y
Fukunaga, C
Gabyshev, N
Garmash, A
Gershon, T
Golob, B
Guo, R
Haba, J
Hagner, C
Handa, F
Hayashii, H
Hazumi, M
Higuchi, T
Hinz, L
Hokuue, T
Hoshi, Y
Hou, WS
Hsiung, YB
Huang, HC
Igarashi, Y
Iijima, T
Inami, K
Ishikawa, A
Ishino, H
Itoh, R
Iwasaki, H
Iwasaki, Y
Jang, HK
Jones, M
Kang, JH
Kang, JS
Katayama, N
Kawai, H
Kawai, H
Kawasaki, T
Kichimi, H
Kim, DW
Kim, H
Kim, JH
Kim, SK
Kinoshita, K
Koppenburg, P
Korpar, S
Krokovny, P
Kuzmin, A
Kwon, YJ
Lange, JS
Lee, SH
Lesiak, T
Li, J
Limosani, A
Lin, SW
MacNaughton, J
Mandl, F
Marlow, D
Matsumoto, H
Matsumoto, T
Matyja, A
Mitaroff, W
Miyake, H
Miyata, H
Mohapatra, D
Mori, T
Nagamine, T
Nakadaira, T
Nakano, E
Nakao, M
Nam, JW
Natkaniec, Z
Nishida, S
Nitoh, O
Nozaki, T
Ogawa, S
Ohshima, T
Okabe, T
Okuno, S
Olsen, SL
Ostrowicz, W
Ozaki, H
Palka, H
Park, CW
Park, H
Park, KS
Parslow, N
Peak, LS
Peters, M
Piilonen, LE
Root, N
Rozanska, M
Sagawa, H
Saitoh, S
Sakai, Y
Sarangi, TR
Satapathy, M
Satpathy, A
Schneider, O
Schumann, J
Schwartz, AJ
Semenov, S
Senyo, K
Sevior, ME
Sidorov, V
Singh, JB
Stanic, S
Staric, M
Sugi, A
Sumisawa, K
Sumiyoshi, T
Suzuki, S
Takahashi, T
Takasaki, F
Tamai, K
Tamura, N
Tanaka, M
Teramoto, Y
Tomura, T
Tsuboyama, T
Tsukamoto, T
Ueno, K
Unno, Y
Uno, S
Ushiroda, Y
Varner, G
Varvell, KE
Wang, CC
Wang, CH
Wang, JG
Wang, MZ
Watanabe, M
Watanabe, Y
Won, E
Yabsley, BD
Yamada, Y
Yamaguchi, A
Yamashita, Y
Yamauchi, M
Yanai, H
Yeh, P
Yokoyama, M
Yusa, Y
Zhang, CC
Zhang, J
Zhang, ZP
Zheng, Y
Zhilich, V
Zontar, D
AF Chen, KF
Bozek, A
Abe, K
Abe, K
Abe, T
Adachi, I
Aihara, H
Akatsu, M
Asano, Y
Aso, T
Bakich, AM
Ban, Y
Banas, E
Bay, A
Behera, PK
Bizjak, I
Bondar, A
Bracko, M
Brodzicka, J
Browder, TE
Casey, BCK
Chang, MC
Chang, P
Chao, Y
Cheon, BG
Chistov, R
Choi, SK
Choi, Y
Choi, YK
Danilov, M
Dash, M
Dong, LY
Drutskoy, A
Eidelman, S
Eiges, V
Enari, Y
Fukunaga, C
Gabyshev, N
Garmash, A
Gershon, T
Golob, B
Guo, R
Haba, J
Hagner, C
Handa, F
Hayashii, H
Hazumi, M
Higuchi, T
Hinz, L
Hokuue, T
Hoshi, Y
Hou, WS
Hsiung, YB
Huang, HC
Igarashi, Y
Iijima, T
Inami, K
Ishikawa, A
Ishino, H
Itoh, R
Iwasaki, H
Iwasaki, Y
Jang, HK
Jones, M
Kang, JH
Kang, JS
Katayama, N
Kawai, H
Kawai, H
Kawasaki, T
Kichimi, H
Kim, DW
Kim, H
Kim, JH
Kim, SK
Kinoshita, K
Koppenburg, P
Korpar, S
Krokovny, P
Kuzmin, A
Kwon, YJ
Lange, JS
Lee, SH
Lesiak, T
Li, J
Limosani, A
Lin, SW
MacNaughton, J
Mandl, F
Marlow, D
Matsumoto, H
Matsumoto, T
Matyja, A
Mitaroff, W
Miyake, H
Miyata, H
Mohapatra, D
Mori, T
Nagamine, T
Nakadaira, T
Nakano, E
Nakao, M
Nam, JW
Natkaniec, Z
Nishida, S
Nitoh, O
Nozaki, T
Ogawa, S
Ohshima, T
Okabe, T
Okuno, S
Olsen, SL
Ostrowicz, W
Ozaki, H
Palka, H
Park, CW
Park, H
Park, KS
Parslow, N
Peak, LS
Peters, M
Piilonen, LE
Root, N
Rozanska, M
Sagawa, H
Saitoh, S
Sakai, Y
Sarangi, TR
Satapathy, M
Satpathy, A
Schneider, O
Schumann, J
Schwartz, AJ
Semenov, S
Senyo, K
Sevior, ME
Sidorov, V
Singh, JB
Stanic, S
Staric, M
Sugi, A
Sumisawa, K
Sumiyoshi, T
Suzuki, S
Takahashi, T
Takasaki, F
Tamai, K
Tamura, N
Tanaka, M
Teramoto, Y
Tomura, T
Tsuboyama, T
Tsukamoto, T
Ueno, K
Unno, Y
Uno, S
Ushiroda, Y
Varner, G
Varvell, KE
Wang, CC
Wang, CH
Wang, JG
Wang, MZ
Watanabe, M
Watanabe, Y
Won, E
Yabsley, BD
Yamada, Y
Yamaguchi, A
Yamashita, Y
Yamauchi, M
Yanai, H
Yeh, P
Yokoyama, M
Yusa, Y
Zhang, CC
Zhang, J
Zhang, ZP
Zheng, Y
Zhilich, V
Zontar, D
CA Belle Collaboration
TI Measurement of branching fractions and polarization in B ->phi K-(*)
decays
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID SEARCH; PHYSICS
AB We present the first measurement of decay amplitudes in B-->phiK(*) and measurements of branching fractions in B-->phiK((*)) decays based on 78.1 fb(-1) of data recorded at the Y(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB e(+)e(-) storage ring. The decay amplitudes for the different phiK(*0) helicity states are measured from the angular distributions of final state particles in the transversity basis. The longitudinal and transverse complex amplitudes are \A(0)\(2)=0.43+/-0.09+/-0.04, \A(perpendicular to)\(2)=0.41+/-0.10+/-0.04, arg(A(parallel to))=-2.57+/-0.39+/-0.09, and arg(A(perpendicular to))=0.48+/-0.32+/-0.06. The direct CP-violating asymmetries are found to be consistent with zero.
C1 Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Phys, Taipei, Taiwan.
Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
Chiba Univ, Chiba, Japan.
Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA.
Goethe Univ Frankfurt, D-6000 Frankfurt, Germany.
Gyeongsang Natl Univ, Chinju, South Korea.
Univ Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
High Energy Acceleratoe Res Org KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
Chinese Acad Sci, Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing, Peoples R China.
Inst High Energy Phys, Vienna, Austria.
Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia.
Jozef Stefan Inst, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Kanagawa Univ, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan.
Korea Univ, Seoul 136701, South Korea.
Kyungpook Natl Univ, Taegu 702701, South Korea.
Univ Lausanne, Inst Phys Hautes Energies, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Univ Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Univ Maribor, SLO-2000 Maribor, Slovenia.
Univ Melbourne, Parkville, Vic 3052, Australia.
Nagoya Univ, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.
Nara Womens Univ, Nara 630, Japan.
Natl Kaohsiung Normal Univ, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Natl Lien Ho Inst Technol, Miaoli, Taiwan.
H Niewodniczanski Inst Nucl Phys, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland.
Nihon Dent Coll, Niigata, Japan.
Niigata Univ, Niigata, Japan.
Osaka City Univ, Osaka 558, Japan.
Osaka Univ, Osaka, Japan.
Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India.
Peking Univ, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08545 USA.
Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN, Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China.
Seoul Natl Univ, Seoul, South Korea.
Sungkyunkwan Univ, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
Univ Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
Toho Univ, Funabashi, Chiba 274, Japan.
Tohoku Gakuin Univ, Tagajo, Miyagi 985, Japan.
Tohoku Univ, Sendai, Miyagi 980, Japan.
Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Tokyo 113, Japan.
Tokyo Inst Technol, Tokyo 152, Japan.
Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Tokyo 158, Japan.
Tokyo Univ Agr & Technol, Tokyo, Japan.
Toyama Natl Coll Maritime Technol, Toyama, Japan.
Univ Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan.
Utkal Univ, Bhubaneswar 751004, Orissa, India.
Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
Yokkaichi Univ, Yokaichi, Japan.
Yonsei Univ, Seoul 120749, South Korea.
RP Chen, KF (reprint author), Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Phys, Taipei, Taiwan.
RI Marlow, Daniel/C-9132-2014; Ishikawa, Akimasa/G-6916-2012; Ishino,
Hirokazu/C-1994-2015; Kim, Sun Kee/G-2042-2015; Danilov,
Mikhail/C-5380-2014; Krokovny, Pavel/G-4421-2016; Peters,
Michael/B-4973-2009; Abe, Kazuo/F-6576-2010; Aihara,
Hiroaki/F-3854-2010; Yokoyama, Masashi/A-4458-2011; Huang,
Hsuan-Cheng/C-7266-2011; Nitoh, Osamu/C-3522-2013; Chistov,
Ruslan/B-4893-2014; Drutskoy, Alexey/C-8833-2016
OI Ishino, Hirokazu/0000-0002-8623-4080; Kim, Sun Kee/0000-0002-0013-0775;
Danilov, Mikhail/0000-0001-9227-5164; Krokovny,
Pavel/0000-0002-1236-4667; Aihara, Hiroaki/0000-0002-1907-5964;
Yokoyama, Masashi/0000-0003-2742-0251; Huang,
Hsuan-Cheng/0000-0002-3386-0934; Chistov, Ruslan/0000-0003-1439-8390;
Drutskoy, Alexey/0000-0003-4524-0422
NR 21
TC 91
Z9 91
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
EI 1079-7114
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD NOV 14
PY 2003
VL 91
IS 20
AR 201801
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.201801
PG 6
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 743LB
UT WOS:000186572300006
PM 14683352
ER
PT J
AU Chung, P
Ajitanand, NN
Alexander, JM
Anderson, M
Best, D
Brady, FP
Case, T
Caskey, W
Cebra, D
Chance, JL
Cole, B
Crowe, K
Das, AC
Draper, JE
Gilkes, ML
Gushue, S
Heffner, M
Hirsch, AS
Hjort, EL
Holzmann, W
Huo, L
Issah, M
Justice, M
Kaplan, M
Keane, D
Kintner, JC
Klay, J
Krofcheck, D
Lacey, RA
Lauret, J
Lisa, MA
Liu, H
Liu, YM
Milan, J
McGrath, R
Milosevich, Z
Odyniec, G
Olson, DL
Panitkin, S
Porile, NT
Rai, G
Ritter, HG
Romero, JL
Scharenberg, R
Srivastava, B
Stone, NTB
Symons, TJM
Taranenko, A
Whitfield, J
Wienold, T
Witt, R
Wood, L
Zhang, WN
Oeschler, H
AF Chung, P
Ajitanand, NN
Alexander, JM
Anderson, M
Best, D
Brady, FP
Case, T
Caskey, W
Cebra, D
Chance, JL
Cole, B
Crowe, K
Das, AC
Draper, JE
Gilkes, ML
Gushue, S
Heffner, M
Hirsch, AS
Hjort, EL
Holzmann, W
Huo, L
Issah, M
Justice, M
Kaplan, M
Keane, D
Kintner, JC
Klay, J
Krofcheck, D
Lacey, RA
Lauret, J
Lisa, MA
Liu, H
Liu, YM
Milan, J
McGrath, R
Milosevich, Z
Odyniec, G
Olson, DL
Panitkin, S
Porile, NT
Rai, G
Ritter, HG
Romero, JL
Scharenberg, R
Srivastava, B
Stone, NTB
Symons, TJM
Taranenko, A
Whitfield, J
Wienold, T
Witt, R
Wood, L
Zhang, WN
Oeschler, H
CA E895 Collaboration
TI Near-threshold production of the multistrange Xi(-) hyperon
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; NUCLEUS-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS; CENTRAL PB+PB
COLLISIONS; QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; PLUS AU COLLISIONS; PB-PB COLLISIONS;
STRANGENESS ENHANCEMENT; ENERGIES; AGS; EQUILIBRATION
AB The yield for the multistrange Xi(-) hyperon has been measured in 6A GeV Au+Au collisions via reconstruction of its decay products pi(-) and Lambda, the latter also being reconstructed from its daughter tracks of pi(-) and p. The measurement is rather close to the threshold for Xi(-) production and therefore provides an important test of model predictions. The measured yield for Xi(-) and Lambda are compared for several centralities. In central collisions the Xi(-) yield is found to be in excellent agreement with statistical and transport model predictions, suggesting that multistrange hadron production approaches chemical equilibrium in high baryon density nuclear matter.
C1 SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA.
Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
Univ Auckland, Auckland 1, New Zealand.
Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA.
St Marys Coll, Moraga, CA 94575 USA.
Harbin Inst Technol, Harbin 150001, Peoples R China.
SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
Tech Univ Darmstadt, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany.
RP Chung, P (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
RI Witt, Richard/H-3560-2012
NR 33
TC 36
Z9 36
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD NOV 14
PY 2003
VL 91
IS 20
AR 202301
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.202301
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 743LB
UT WOS:000186572300010
ER
PT J
AU Cubukcu, E
Aydin, K
Ozbay, E
Foteinopoulou, S
Soukoulis, CM
AF Cubukcu, E
Aydin, K
Ozbay, E
Foteinopoulou, S
Soukoulis, CM
TI Subwavelength resolution in a two-dimensional photonic-crystal-based
superlens
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID NEGATIVE REFRACTION; PERMITTIVITY; PERMEABILITY; INDEX; SLAB
AB We experimentally and theoretically demonstrate single-beam negative refraction and superlensing in the valence band of a two-dimensional photonic crystal operating in the microwave regime. By measuring the refracted electromagnetic waves from a slab shaped photonic crystal, we find a refractive index of -1.94 that is very close to the theoretical value of -2.06. A scanning transmission measurement technique is used to measure the spatial power distribution of the focused electromagnetic waves that radiate from a point source. The full width at half maximum of the focused beam is measured to be 0.21lambda, which is in good agreement with the finite difference time domain method simulations. We also report a subwavelength resolution for the image of two incoherent point sources, which are separated by a distance of lambda/3.
C1 Bilkent Univ, Dept Phys, TR-06533 Bilkent, Turkey.
Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
FORTH, Res Ctr Crete, Iraklion, Crete, Greece.
RP Bilkent Univ, Dept Phys, TR-06533 Bilkent, Turkey.
EM ozbay@fen.bilkent.edu.tr
RI Ozbay, Ekmel/B-9495-2008; Cubukcu, Ertugrul/F-4807-2010; Aydin,
Koray/D-5100-2009; Aydin, Koray/G-2537-2011; Cubukcu,
Ertugrul/D-5007-2012; Soukoulis, Costas/A-5295-2008
OI Aydin, Koray/0000-0002-3268-2216;
NR 19
TC 294
Z9 298
U1 3
U2 43
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
EI 1079-7114
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD NOV 14
PY 2003
VL 91
IS 20
AR 207401
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.207401
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 743LB
UT WOS:000186572300046
PM 14683392
ER
PT J
AU Davila, LP
Caturla, MJ
Kubota, A
Sadigh, B
de la Rubia, TD
Shackelford, JF
Risbud, SH
Garofalini, SH
AF Davila, LP
Caturla, MJ
Kubota, A
Sadigh, B
de la Rubia, TD
Shackelford, JF
Risbud, SH
Garofalini, SH
TI Transformations in the medium-range order of fused silica under high
pressure
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; SIO2 GLASS; AMORPHOUS MATERIALS; LASER-PULSES;
DENSIFICATION; DIFFRACTION; COMPRESSION; SIMULATION; DAMAGE; REGION
AB Molecular dynamics simulations of fused silica at shock pressures reproduce the experimental equation of state of this material and explain its characteristic shape. We demonstrate that shock waves modify the medium-range order of this amorphous system, producing changes that are only clearly revealed by its ring size distribution. The ring size distribution remains practically unchanged during elastic compression but varies continuously after the transition to the plastic regime.
C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
Univ Alicante, Dept Fis Aplicada, E-03690 Alicante, Spain.
Rutgers State Univ, Dept Ceram & Mat Engn, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
RP Davila, LP (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RI Caturla, Maria /D-6241-2012
OI Caturla, Maria /0000-0002-4809-6553
NR 30
TC 34
Z9 34
U1 3
U2 22
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD NOV 14
PY 2003
VL 91
IS 20
AR 205501
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.205501
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 743LB
UT WOS:000186572300026
PM 14683372
ER
PT J
AU Fisch, NJ
Rax, JM
Dodin, IY
AF Fisch, NJ
Rax, JM
Dodin, IY
TI Current drive in a ponderomotive potential with sign reversal
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID LOW-FREQUENCY WAVES; MAGNETIC-FIELD; CURRENT GENERATION; PLASMA; ALFVEN;
CONFINEMENT; MIRROR; FORCE; GYRORESONANCE; STABILIZATION
AB Noninductive current drive can be accomplished through ponderomotive forces with high efficiency when the potential changes sign over the interaction region. The effect, which operates somewhat like a Maxwell demon, can be practiced upon both ions and electrons. The current-drive efficiencies, in principle, might be higher than those possible with conventional rf current-drive techniques. It remains, however, for us to identify how the effect might be implemented in a magnetic fusion device in a practical manner.
C1 Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
Ecole Polytech, LPTP, F-91128 Palaiseau, France.
RP Fisch, NJ (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
NR 39
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 1
U2 4
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD NOV 14
PY 2003
VL 91
IS 20
AR 205004
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.205004
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 743LB
UT WOS:000186572300024
PM 14683370
ER
PT J
AU Hix, WR
Messer, OEB
Mezzacappa, A
Liebendorfer, M
Sampaio, J
Langanke, K
Dean, DJ
Martinez-Pinedo, G
AF Hix, WR
Messer, OEB
Mezzacappa, A
Liebendorfer, M
Sampaio, J
Langanke, K
Dean, DJ
Martinez-Pinedo, G
TI Consequences of nuclear electron capture in core collapse supernovae
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID WEAK-INTERACTION RATES; BOLTZMANN NEUTRINO TRANSPORT; POSTBOUNCE
EVOLUTION; MECHANISM; CONVECTION; EQUATION; STATE; EQUILIBRIUM;
EXPLOSIONS; SIMULATION
AB The most important weak nuclear interaction to the dynamics of stellar core collapse is electron capture, primarily on nuclei with masses larger than 60. In prior simulations of core collapse, electron capture on these nuclei has been treated in a highly parametrized fashion, if not ignored. With realistic treatment of electron capture on heavy nuclei come significant changes in the hydrodynamics of core collapse and bounce. We discuss these as well as the ramifications for the postbounce evolution in core collapse supernovae.
C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Joint Inst Heavy Ion Res, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
Canadian Inst Theoret Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H8, Canada.
Aarhus Univ, Inst Phys & Astron, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
Inst Estudis Espacials Catalunya, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain.
Inst Catalana Rec & Estudis Avancats, E-08010 Barcelona, Spain.
RP Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
RI Messer, Bronson/G-1848-2012; Hix, William/E-7896-2011; Martinez-Pinedo,
Gabriel/A-1915-2013; Sampaio, Jorge/M-4750-2013; Mezzacappa,
Anthony/B-3163-2017
OI Messer, Bronson/0000-0002-5358-5415; Hix, William/0000-0002-9481-9126;
Martinez-Pinedo, Gabriel/0000-0002-3825-0131; Sampaio,
Jorge/0000-0003-4359-493X; Mezzacappa, Anthony/0000-0001-9816-9741
NR 32
TC 129
Z9 129
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
EI 1079-7114
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD NOV 14
PY 2003
VL 91
IS 20
AR 201102
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.201102
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 743LB
UT WOS:000186572300003
PM 14683349
ER
PT J
AU Lashley, JC
Singleton, J
Migliori, A
Betts, JB
Fisher, RA
Smith, JL
McQueeney, RJ
AF Lashley, JC
Singleton, J
Migliori, A
Betts, JB
Fisher, RA
Smith, JL
McQueeney, RJ
TI Experimental electronic heat capacities of alpha- and delta-plutonium:
Heavy-fermion physics in an element
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID NEPTUNIUM; PU
AB We have measured the heat capacities of delta-Pu0.95Al0.05 and alpha-Pu over the temperature range 2-303 K. The availability of data below 10 K plus an estimate of the phonon contribution to the heat capacity based on recent neutron-scattering experiments on the same sample enable us to make a reliable deduction of the electronic contribution to the heat capacity of delta-Pu0.95Al0.05; we find gamma=64+/-3 mJ K-2 mol(-1) as T-->0. This is larger than that of any element and large enough for delta-Pu0.95Al0.05 to be classed as a heavy-fermion system. By contrast, gamma=17+/-1 mJ K-2 mol(-1) in alpha-Pu. Two distinct anomalies are seen in the electronic contribution to the heat capacity of delta-Pu0.95Al0.05, one or both of which may be associated with the formation of the alpha(')-martensitic phase. We suggest that the large gamma value of delta-Pu0.95Al0.05 may be caused by proximity to a quantum-critical point.
C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Lashley, JC (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RI McQueeney, Robert/A-2864-2016
OI McQueeney, Robert/0000-0003-0718-5602
NR 27
TC 83
Z9 83
U1 3
U2 12
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD NOV 14
PY 2003
VL 91
IS 20
AR 205901
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.205901
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 743LB
UT WOS:000186572300030
PM 14683376
ER
PT J
AU Nugent, KA
Peele, AG
Chapman, HN
Mancuso, AP
AF Nugent, KA
Peele, AG
Chapman, HN
Mancuso, AP
TI Unique phase recovery for nonperiodic objects
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID DIFFRACTION; RADIATION; RETRIEVAL
AB It is well known that the loss of phase information at detection means that a diffraction pattern may be consistent with a multitude of physically different structures. This Letter shows that it is possible to perform unique structural determination in the absence of a priori information using x-ray fields with phase curvature. We argue that significant phase curvature is already available using modern x-ray optics and we demonstrate an algorithm that allows the phase to be recovered uniquely and reliably.
C1 Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia.
Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94450 USA.
RP Nugent, KA (reprint author), Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia.
RI Chapman, Henry/G-2153-2010; Nugent, Keith/J-2699-2012; Nugent,
Keith/I-4154-2016
OI Chapman, Henry/0000-0002-4655-1743; Nugent, Keith/0000-0003-1522-8991;
Nugent, Keith/0000-0002-4281-3478
NR 19
TC 71
Z9 73
U1 1
U2 8
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD NOV 14
PY 2003
VL 91
IS 20
AR 203902
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.203902
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 743LB
UT WOS:000186572300017
PM 14683363
ER
PT J
AU Pecharsky, VK
Pecharsky, AO
Mozharivskyj, Y
Gschneidner, KA
Miller, GJ
AF Pecharsky, VK
Pecharsky, AO
Mozharivskyj, Y
Gschneidner, KA
Miller, GJ
TI Decoupling of the magnetic and structural transformations in Er5Si4
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID PHASE-RELATIONSHIPS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; SYSTEM; GD-5(SIXGE1-X)(4);
CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; GD-5(SI2GE2); TRANSITION
AB Er5Si4 is a member of the R-5(Si4-xGex) family of alloys, where R=rare earth metal. Many of these compounds display a strong coupling between the magnetic and crystal lattices. In the naturally layered R-5(Si4-xGex) materials, inter- and intralayer interactions can be controlled by chemical and physical means; thus their physical properties can be tailored within wide limits. The Er5Si4 is unique in that the temperature dependent structural sequence is opposite that of other representatives of this family. The magnetism of Er5Si4 is reflective of its exceptional place within the series.
C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Mat & Engn Phys Program, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
RP Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Mat & Engn Phys Program, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
EM vitkp@ameslab.gov
NR 24
TC 36
Z9 37
U1 0
U2 10
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
EI 1079-7114
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD NOV 14
PY 2003
VL 91
IS 20
AR 207205
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.207205
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 743LB
UT WOS:000186572300045
PM 14683391
ER
PT J
AU Raychaudhuri, S
Chakraborty, AK
Kardar, M
AF Raychaudhuri, S
Chakraborty, AK
Kardar, M
TI Effective membrane model of the immunological synapse
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID T-CELL ACTIVATION; PATTERN-FORMATION; FUNCTIONAL RENORMALIZATION;
WETTING TRANSITIONS; COSTIMULATION; ADHESION; RECEPTOR
AB The immunological synapse is a patterned collection of different types of receptors and ligands that forms in the intercellular junction between T cells and antigen presenting cells during recognition. The synapse is implicated in information transfer between cells, and is characterized by different spatial patterns of receptors at different stages in the life cycle of T cells. We obtain a minimalist model that captures this experimentally observed phenomenology. A functional renormalization group analysis provides further insights.
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
RP Raychaudhuri, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
NR 16
TC 28
Z9 28
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD NOV 14
PY 2003
VL 91
IS 20
AR 208101
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.208101
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 743LB
UT WOS:000186572300053
PM 14683399
ER
PT J
AU Sanders, LM
Stumpf, R
Mattsson, TR
Swartzentruber, BS
AF Sanders, LM
Stumpf, R
Mattsson, TR
Swartzentruber, BS
TI Changing the diffusion mechanism of Ge-Si dimers on Si(001) using an
electric field
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; ABINITIO MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; TOTAL-ENERGY
CALCULATIONS; WAVE BASIS-SET; AD-DIMER; ULTRASOFT PSEUDOPOTENTIALS;
PIECEWISE DIFFUSION; SURFACE; TRANSITION; ROTATION
AB We change the diffusion mechanism of adsorbed Ge-Si dimers on Si(001) using the electric field of a scanning tunneling microscope tip. By comparing the measured field dependence with first-principles calculations we conclude that, in negative field, i.e., when electrons are attracted towards the vacuum, the dimer diffuses as a unit, rotating as it translates, whereas, in positive field the dimer bond is substantially stretched at the transition state as it slides along the substrate. Furthermore, the active mechanism in positive fields facilitates intermixing of Ge in the Si lattice, whereas intermixing is suppressed in negative fields.
C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Sanders, LM (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RI Mattsson, Thomas/B-6057-2009
NR 28
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD NOV 14
PY 2003
VL 91
IS 20
AR 206104
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.206104
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 743LB
UT WOS:000186572300034
PM 14683380
ER
PT J
AU Shnirman, A
Makhlin, Y
AF Shnirman, A
Makhlin, Y
TI Spin-spin correlators in the Majorana representation
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
AB In the Majorana representation of a spin 1/2 we find an identity which relates spin-spin correlators to one-particle fermionic correlators. This should be contrasted with the straightforward approach in which two-particle (four-fermion) correlators need to be calculated. We discuss applications to the analysis of the dynamics of a spin coupled to a dissipative environment and of a quantum detector performing a continuous measurement of a qubit's state.
C1 Univ Karlsruhe, Inst Theoret Festkorperphys, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany.
Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
LD Landau Theoret Phys Inst, Moscow 117940, Russia.
RP Shnirman, A (reprint author), Univ Karlsruhe, Inst Theoret Festkorperphys, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany.
NR 16
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD NOV 14
PY 2003
VL 91
IS 20
AR 207204
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.207204
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 743LB
UT WOS:000186572300044
PM 14683390
ER
PT J
AU Li, ZQ
Ackerman, TP
Wiscombe, W
Stephens, GL
AF Li, ZQ
Ackerman, TP
Wiscombe, W
Stephens, GL
TI Have clouds darkened since 1995?
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Letter
ID SHORTWAVE EXPERIMENT ARESE; SOLAR-RADIATION; ATMOSPHERIC ABSORPTION;
SATELLITE
C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Meteorol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
Univ Maryland, ESSIC, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Atmospher Phys, Beijing 100864, Peoples R China.
Pacific NW Natl Lab, Atmospher Radiat Measurement Program, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
NASA, Climate & Radiat Branch, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
RP Li, ZQ (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Meteorol, 2207 CSS Bldg, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RI Wiscombe, Warren/D-4665-2012; Li, Zhanqing/F-4424-2010
OI Wiscombe, Warren/0000-0001-6844-9849; Li, Zhanqing/0000-0001-6737-382X
NR 15
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 8
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD NOV 14
PY 2003
VL 302
IS 5648
BP 1150
EP 1151
PG 2
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 742XW
UT WOS:000186544300022
ER
PT J
AU Lee, KH
Dinner, AR
Tu, C
Campi, G
Raychaudhuri, S
Varma, R
Sims, TN
Burack, WR
Wu, H
Kanagawa, O
Markiewicz, M
Allen, PM
Dustin, ML
Chakraborty, AK
Shaw, AS
AF Lee, KH
Dinner, AR
Tu, C
Campi, G
Raychaudhuri, S
Varma, R
Sims, TN
Burack, WR
Wu, H
Kanagawa, O
Markiewicz, M
Allen, PM
Dustin, ML
Chakraborty, AK
Shaw, AS
TI The immunological synapse balances T cell receptor signaling and
degradation
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID CD2-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN; ANTIGEN RECEPTOR; DOWN-MODULATION; ACTIVATION;
DYNAMICS; TRANSDUCTION; STIMULATION; SPECIFICITY; COMPLEXES
AB The immunological synapse is a specialized cell-cell junction between T cell and antigen-presenting cell surfaces. It is characterized by a central cluster of antigen receptors, a ring of integrin family adhesion molecules, and temporal stability over hours. The role of this specific organization in signaling for T cell activation has been controversial. We use in vitro and in silico experiments to determine that the immunological synapse acts as a type of adaptive controller that both boosts T cell receptor triggering and attenuates strong signals.
C1 NYU, Skirball Inst Biomol Med, Program Mol Pathogenesis, New York, NY 10016 USA.
NYU, Dept Pathol, New York, NY 10016 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci & Mat Sci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Immunol, St Louis, MO 63110 USA.
Genentech Inc, Dept Immunol, San Francisco, CA 94080 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Dustin, ML (reprint author), NYU, Skirball Inst Biomol Med, Program Mol Pathogenesis, New York, NY 10016 USA.
RI Varma, Rajat/I-1209-2012;
OI Varma, Rajat/0000-0001-5131-0402; Raychaudhuri,
Subhadip/0000-0002-9873-6475; Dustin, Michael/0000-0003-4983-6389
NR 29
TC 387
Z9 397
U1 1
U2 16
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD NOV 14
PY 2003
VL 302
IS 5648
BP 1218
EP 1222
DI 10.1126/science.1086507
PG 5
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 742XW
UT WOS:000186544300057
PM 14512504
ER
PT J
AU Feller, D
Dixon, DA
AF Feller, D
Dixon, DA
TI Coupled cluster theory and multireference configuration interaction
study of FO, F2O, FO2, and FOOF
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A
LA English
DT Review
ID CORRELATED MOLECULAR CALCULATIONS; DIATOMIC DISSOCIATION-ENERGIES;
MOLLER-PLESSET PERTURBATION; DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; HIGHER-ORDER
CORRELATION; BASIS-SET CONVERGENCE; GAUSSIAN-BASIS SETS; WAVE-FUNCTIONS;
GAS-PHASE; DIOXYGEN DIFLUORIDE
AB Structures, vibrational frequencies, atomization energies at 0 K, and heats of formation at 298 K were obtained for four oxyfluoride molecules, several of which are known to present difficulties for single reference ab initio methods. Whereas much of this work was carried out with coupled cluster theory, multireference configuration interaction calculations were also performed, as an independent check on the reliability of the former. The use of large basis sets (up through augmented sextuple zeta quality in some cases) and a simple basis set extrapolation formula enabled us to accurately estimate the complete basis set limit. However, to achieve near chemical accuracy (+/-1 kcal/mol) in the thermodynamic properties, it was necessary to include three corrections to the frozen core atomization energies, in addition to the zero-point vibrational energy: (1) a core/valence correction; (2) a Douglas-Kroll-Hess scalar relativistic correction; and (3) a first-order atomic spin-orbit correction. Several approaches to approximating the remaining correlation energy were examined. Theory and experiment are in good agreement for the structures, with the largest difference associated with the FO bond length of FOOF, where the best theoretical value is 0.020 Angstrom shorter than experiment. Agreement with the available experimental heats of formation is good for FO and FO and much worse for FOO and FOOF. The final theoretical heats of formation (kcal/mol) at 298 K are 27.9 +/- 0.4 (FO), 6.6 +/- 0.5 (F2O), 9.6 +/- 0.6 (FOA and 9.6 +/- 0.9 (FOOF), where the uncertainties include an estimate for the intrinsic errors in the calculations. The corresponding experimental values adopted by the NIST-JANAF tables are 26.1 +/- 2.4 (FO), 5.9 +/- 0.5 (F2O), 6.1 +/- 0.5 (FO2), and 4.6 +/- 0.5 (FOOF). We suggest that the values reported here for FO and FO2 are the most reliable values available for these species and recommend their use. For FOOF, the current theoretical as well as that of others differ significantly from experiment and we recommend their use. Our theoretical value for FOOF has the smallest estimated error limits. In light of the demonstrated accuracy of the approach followed here for a large number of molecules and the magnitude of the discrepancy between theory and experiment for FO2 and FOOF, a reexamination of these systems by experimentalists appears justified.
C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental Sci Directorate, Div Chem Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Feller, D (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental Sci Directorate, Div Chem Sci, MS K1-83,POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
NR 100
TC 73
Z9 74
U1 1
U2 6
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1089-5639
J9 J PHYS CHEM A
JI J. Phys. Chem. A
PD NOV 13
PY 2003
VL 107
IS 45
BP 9641
EP 9651
DI 10.1021/jp030267v
PG 11
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 740WJ
UT WOS:000186425000020
ER
PT J
AU Mang, PK
Larochelle, S
Greven, M
AF Mang, PK
Larochelle, S
Greven, M
TI Condensed-matter physics - Spurious magnetism in high-T-c superconductor
SO NATURE
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 Stanford Univ, Dept Appl Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
Stanford Univ, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
RP Mang, PK (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Appl Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
NR 3
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 3
U2 6
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 0028-0836
J9 NATURE
JI Nature
PD NOV 13
PY 2003
VL 426
IS 6963
BP 139
EP 140
DI 10.1038/426139b
PG 2
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 742LA
UT WOS:000186517200031
PM 14614494
ER
PT J
AU Kang, HJ
Dai, PC
Lynn, JW
Matsuura, M
Thompson, JR
Zhang, SC
Argyriou, DN
Onose, Y
Tokura, Y
AF Kang, HJ
Dai, PC
Lynn, JW
Matsuura, M
Thompson, JR
Zhang, SC
Argyriou, DN
Onose, Y
Tokura, Y
TI Condensed-matter physics - Spurious magnetism in high-T-c superconductor
- Reply
SO NATURE
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Kang, HJ (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
RI Onose, Yoshinori/F-1977-2010; Dai, Pengcheng /C-9171-2012; Matsuura,
Masato/C-2827-2013
OI Dai, Pengcheng /0000-0002-6088-3170; Matsuura,
Masato/0000-0003-4470-0271
NR 3
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 7
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 0028-0836
J9 NATURE
JI Nature
PD NOV 13
PY 2003
VL 426
IS 6963
BP 140
EP 140
DI 10.1038/426140a
PG 1
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 742LA
UT WOS:000186517200032
ER
PT J
AU Greiner, J
Klose, S
Reinsch, K
Schmid, HM
Sari, R
Hartmann, DH
Kouveliotou, C
Rau, A
Palazzi, E
Straubmeier, C
Stecklum, B
Zharikov, S
Tovmassian, G
Barnbantner, O
Ries, C
Jehin, E
Henden, A
Kaas, AA
Grav, T
Hjorth, J
Pedersen, H
Wijers, RAMJ
Kaufer, A
Park, HS
Williams, G
Reimer, O
AF Greiner, J
Klose, S
Reinsch, K
Schmid, HM
Sari, R
Hartmann, DH
Kouveliotou, C
Rau, A
Palazzi, E
Straubmeier, C
Stecklum, B
Zharikov, S
Tovmassian, G
Barnbantner, O
Ries, C
Jehin, E
Henden, A
Kaas, AA
Grav, T
Hjorth, J
Pedersen, H
Wijers, RAMJ
Kaufer, A
Park, HS
Williams, G
Reimer, O
TI Evolution of the polarization of the optical afterglow of the gamma-ray
burst GRB030329
SO NATURE
LA English
DT Article
ID 29 MARCH 2003; GRB 990510; SPECTROPOLARIMETRY; GRB-020405; GRB-030329;
EMISSION
AB The association of a supernova with GRB030329(1,2) strongly supports the 'collapsar' model(3) of gamma-ray bursts, where a relativistic jet(4) forms after the progenitor star collapses. Such jets cannot be spatially resolved because gamma-ray bursts lie at cosmological distances; their existence is instead inferred from 'breaks' in the light curves of the afterglows, and from the theoretical desire to reduce the estimated total energy of the burst by proposing that most of it comes out in narrow beams. Temporal evolution of the polarization of the afterglows(5-7) may provide independent evidence for the jet structure of the relativistic outflow. Small-level polarization (similar to1-3 per cent)(8-17) has been reported for a few bursts, but its temporal evolution has yet to be established. Here we report polarimetric observations of the afterglow of GRB030329. We establish the polarization light curve, detect sustained polarization at the per cent level, and find significant variability. The data imply that the afterglow magnetic field has a small coherence length and is mostly random, probably generated by turbulence, in contrast with the picture arising from the high polarization detected in the prompt gamma-rays from GRB021206 (ref. 18).
C1 Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85741 Garching, Germany.
Thuringer Landessternwarte Tautenburg, D-07778 Tautenburg, Germany.
Univ Sternwarte Gottingen, D-37083 Gottingen, Germany.
ETH, Inst Astron, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland.
CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
Clemson Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.
NSSTC, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA.
CNR, Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, Sez Bologna, I-40129 Bologna, Italy.
Univ Cologne, Inst Phys, D-50937 Cologne, Germany.
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Ensenada 22860, Baja California, Mexico.
Univ Sternwarte, Wendelstein Observ, D-81679 Munich, Germany.
European So Observ, Santiago 19, Chile.
USN Observ, Univ Space Res Assoc, Flagstaff, AZ 86002 USA.
Nord Opt Telescope, Santa Cruz De La Palma 38700, Spain.
Univ Oslo, Inst Theoret Astrophys, N-0315 Oslo, Norway.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Univ Copenhagen, NBIfAFG, Astron Observ, DK-2100 Copenhagen O, Denmark.
Univ Amsterdam, Astron Inst Anton Pannekoek, NL-1098 SJ Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
Univ Arizona, Multiple Mirror Telescope Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
Ruhr Univ Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
RP Greiner, J (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85741 Garching, Germany.
EM jcg@mpe.mpg.de
RI Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Hjorth, Jens/M-5787-2014; Palazzi,
Eliana/N-4746-2015;
OI Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; Hjorth, Jens/0000-0002-4571-2306;
Wijers, Ralph/0000-0002-3101-1808; Palazzi, Eliana/0000-0002-8691-7666
NR 28
TC 89
Z9 89
U1 0
U2 3
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 0028-0836
J9 NATURE
JI Nature
PD NOV 13
PY 2003
VL 426
IS 6963
BP 157
EP 159
DI 10.1038/nature02077
PG 3
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 742LA
UT WOS:000186517200036
PM 14614499
ER
PT J
AU Parish, MM
Littlewood, PB
AF Parish, MM
Littlewood, PB
TI Non-saturating magnetoresistance in heavily disordered semiconductors
SO NATURE
LA English
DT Article
ID INHOMOGENEITIES; GAP
AB The resistance of a homogeneous semiconductor increases quadratically with magnetic field at low fields and, except in very special cases, saturates at fields much larger than the inverse of the carrier mobility, a number typically of the order of 1 T (refs 1, 2). A surprising exception to this behaviour has recently been observed in doped silver chalcogenides(3-5), which exhibit an anomalously large, quasi-linear magnetoresistive response that extends down to low fields and survives, even at extreme fields of 55 T and beyond. Here we present a simple model of a macroscopically disordered and strongly inhomogeneous semiconductor that exhibits a similar non-saturating magnetoresistance. In addition to providing a possible explanation for the behaviour of doped silver chalcogenides, our model suggests potential routes for the construction of magnetic field sensors with a large, controllable and linear response.
C1 Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Lab, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England.
Los Alamos Natl Lab, Pulsed Field Facil, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Parish, MM (reprint author), Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Lab, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England.
RI Cavendish, TCM/C-9489-2009; Littlewood, Peter/B-7746-2008; Parish,
Meera/E-5102-2013
NR 21
TC 247
Z9 248
U1 19
U2 87
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 0028-0836
J9 NATURE
JI Nature
PD NOV 13
PY 2003
VL 426
IS 6963
BP 162
EP 165
DI 10.1038/nature02073
PG 4
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 742LA
UT WOS:000186517200038
PM 14614501
ER
PT J
AU Abazov, VM
Abbott, B
Abdesselam, A
Abolins, M
Abramov, V
Acharya, BS
Adams, DL
Adams, M
Ahmed, SN
Alexeev, GD
Alton, A
Alves, GA
Anderson, EW
Arnoud, Y
Avila, C
Babintsev, VV
Babukhadia, L
Bacon, TC
Baden, A
Baffioni, S
Baldin, B
Balm, PW
Banerjee, S
Barberis, E
Baringer, P
Barreto, J
Bartlett, JF
Bassler, U
Bauer, D
Bean, A
Beaudette, F
Begel, M
Belyaev, A
Beri, SB
Bernardi, G
Bertram, I
Besson, A
Beuselinck, R
Bezzubov, VA
Bhat, PC
Bhatnagar, V
Bhattacharjee, M
Blazey, G
Blekman, F
Blessing, S
Boehnlein, A
Bojko, NI
Bolton, TA
Borcherding, F
Bos, K
Bose, T
Brandt, A
Briskin, G
Brock, R
Brooijmans, G
Bross, A
Buchholz, D
Buehler, M
Buescher, V
Burtovoi, VS
Butler, JM
Canelli, F
Carvalho, W
Casey, D
Castilla-Valdez, H
Chakraborty, D
Chan, KM
Chekulaev, SV
Cho, DK
Choi, S
Chopra, S
Claes, D
Clark, AR
Coney, L
Connolly, B
Cooper, WE
Coppage, D
Crepe-Renaudin, S
Cummings, MAC
Cutts, D
da Motta, H
Davis, GA
De, K
de Jong, SJ
Demarteau, M
Demina, R
Demine, P
Denisov, D
Denisov, SP
Desai, S
Diehl, HT
Diesburg, M
Doulas, S
Dudko, LV
Duensing, S
Duflot, L
Dugad, SR
Duperrin, A
Dyshkant, A
Edmunds, D
Ellison, J
Eltzroth, JT
Elvira, VD
Engelmann, R
Eno, S
Eppley, G
Ermolov, P
Eroshin, OV
Estrada, J
Evans, H
Evdokimov, VN
Fein, D
Ferbel, T
Filthaut, F
Fisk, HE
Fleuret, F
Fortner, M
Fox, H
Fu, S
Fuess, S
Gallas, E
Galyaev, AN
Gao, M
Gavrilov, V
Genik, RJ
Genser, K
Gerber, CE
Gershtein, Y
Ginther, G
Gomez, B
Goncharov, PI
Gordon, H
Gounder, K
Goussiou, A
Graf, N
Grannis, PD
Green, JA
Greenlee, H
Greenwood, ZD
Grinstein, S
Groer, L
Grunendahl, S
Gurzhiev, SN
Gutierrez, G
Gutierrez, P
Hadley, NJ
Haggerty, H
Hagopian, S
Hagopian, V
Hall, RE
Han, C
Hansen, S
Hauptman, JM
Hebert, C
Hedin, D
Heinmiller, JM
Heinson, AP
Heintz, U
Hildreth, MD
Hirosky, R
Hobbs, JD
Hoeneisen, B
Huang, J
Huang, Y
Iashvili, I
Illingworth, R
Ito, AS
Jaffre, M
Jain, S
Jesik, R
Johns, K
Johnson, M
Jonckheere, A
Jostlein, H
Juste, A
Kahl, W
Kahn, S
Kajfasz, E
Kalinin, AM
Karmanov, D
Karmgard, D
Kehoe, R
Khanov, A
Kharchilava, A
Klima, B
Kohli, JM
Kostritskiy, AV
Kotcher, J
Kothari, B
Kozelov, AV
Kozlovsky, EA
Krane, J
Krishnaswamy, MR
Krivkova, P
Krzywdzinski, S
Kubantsev, M
Kuleshov, S
Kulik, Y
Kunori, S
Kupco, A
Kuznetsov, VE
Landsberg, G
Lee, WM
Leflat, A
Lehner, F
Leonidopoulos, C
Li, J
Li, QZ
Lima, JGR
Lincoln, D
Linn, SL
Linnemann, J
Lipton, R
Lucotte, A
Lueking, L
Lundstedt, C
Luo, C
Maciel, AKA
Madaras, RJ
Malyshev, VL
Manankov, V
Mao, HS
Marshall, T
Martin, MI
Mauritz, K
Mayorov, AA
McCarthy, R
McMahon, T
Melanson, HL
Merkin, M
Merritt, KW
Miao, C
Miettinen, H
Mihalcea, D
Mokhov, N
Mondal, NK
Montgomery, HE
Moore, RW
Mutaf, YD
Nagy, E
Nang, F
Narain, M
Narasimham, VS
Naumann, NA
Neal, HA
Negret, JP
Nomerotski, A
Nunnemann, T
O'Neil, D
Oguri, V
Olivier, B
Oshima, N
Padley, P
Papageorgiou, K
Parashar, N
Partridge, R
Parua, N
Patwa, A
Peters, O
Petroff, P
Piegaia, R
Pope, BG
Prosper, HB
Protopopescu, S
Przybycien, MB
Qian, J
Raja, R
Rajagopalan, S
Rapidis, PA
Reay, NW
Reucroft, S
Ridel, M
Rijssenbeek, M
Rizatdinova, F
Rockwell, T
Royon, C
Rubinov, P
Ruchti, R
Sabirov, BM
Sajot, G
Santoro, A
Sawyer, L
Schamberger, RD
Schellman, H
Schwartzman, A
Shabalina, E
Shivpuri, RK
Shpakov, D
Shupe, M
Sidwell, RA
Simak, V
Sirotenko, V
Slattery, P
Smith, RP
Snow, GR
Snow, J
Snyder, S
Solomon, J
Song, Y
Sorin, V
Sosebee, M
Sotnikova, N
Soustruznik, K
Souza, M
Stanton, NR
Steinbruck, G
Stoker, D
Stolin, V
Stone, A
Stoyanova, DA
Strang, MA
Strauss, M
Strovink, M
Stutte, L
Sznajder, A
Talby, M
Taylor, W
Tentindo-Repond, S
Tripathi, SM
Trippe, TG
Turcot, AS
Tuts, PM
Van Kooten, R
Vaniev, V
Varelas, N
Villeneuve-Seguier, F
Volkov, AA
Vorobiev, AP
Wahl, HD
Wang, ZM
Warchol, J
Watts, G
Wayne, M
Weerts, H
White, A
Whiteson, D
Wijngaarden, DA
Willis, S
Wimpenny, SJ
Womersley, J
Wood, DR
Xu, Q
Yamada, R
Yamin, P
Yasuda, T
Yatsunenko, YA
Yip, K
Yu, J
Zanabria, M
Zhang, X
Zheng, H
Zhou, B
Zhou, Z
Zielinski, M
Zieminska, D
Zieminski, A
Zutshi, V
Zverev, EG
Zylberstejn, A
AF Abazov, VM
Abbott, B
Abdesselam, A
Abolins, M
Abramov, V
Acharya, BS
Adams, DL
Adams, M
Ahmed, SN
Alexeev, GD
Alton, A
Alves, GA
Anderson, EW
Arnoud, Y
Avila, C
Babintsev, VV
Babukhadia, L
Bacon, TC
Baden, A
Baffioni, S
Baldin, B
Balm, PW
Banerjee, S
Barberis, E
Baringer, P
Barreto, J
Bartlett, JF
Bassler, U
Bauer, D
Bean, A
Beaudette, F
Begel, M
Belyaev, A
Beri, SB
Bernardi, G
Bertram, I
Besson, A
Beuselinck, R
Bezzubov, VA
Bhat, PC
Bhatnagar, V
Bhattacharjee, M
Blazey, G
Blekman, F
Blessing, S
Boehnlein, A
Bojko, NI
Bolton, TA
Borcherding, F
Bos, K
Bose, T
Brandt, A
Briskin, G
Brock, R
Brooijmans, G
Bross, A
Buchholz, D
Buehler, M
Buescher, V
Burtovoi, VS
Butler, JM
Canelli, F
Carvalho, W
Casey, D
Castilla-Valdez, H
Chakraborty, D
Chan, KM
Chekulaev, SV
Cho, DK
Choi, S
Chopra, S
Claes, D
Clark, AR
Coney, L
Connolly, B
Cooper, WE
Coppage, D
Crepe-Renaudin, S
Cummings, MAC
Cutts, D
da Motta, H
Davis, GA
De, K
de Jong, SJ
Demarteau, M
Demina, R
Demine, P
Denisov, D
Denisov, SP
Desai, S
Diehl, HT
Diesburg, M
Doulas, S
Dudko, LV
Duensing, S
Duflot, L
Dugad, SR
Duperrin, A
Dyshkant, A
Edmunds, D
Ellison, J
Eltzroth, JT
Elvira, VD
Engelmann, R
Eno, S
Eppley, G
Ermolov, P
Eroshin, OV
Estrada, J
Evans, H
Evdokimov, VN
Fein, D
Ferbel, T
Filthaut, F
Fisk, HE
Fleuret, F
Fortner, M
Fox, H
Fu, S
Fuess, S
Gallas, E
Galyaev, AN
Gao, M
Gavrilov, V
Genik, RJ
Genser, K
Gerber, CE
Gershtein, Y
Ginther, G
Gomez, B
Goncharov, PI
Gordon, H
Gounder, K
Goussiou, A
Graf, N
Grannis, PD
Green, JA
Greenlee, H
Greenwood, ZD
Grinstein, S
Groer, L
Grunendahl, S
Gurzhiev, SN
Gutierrez, G
Gutierrez, P
Hadley, NJ
Haggerty, H
Hagopian, S
Hagopian, V
Hall, RE
Han, C
Hansen, S
Hauptman, JM
Hebert, C
Hedin, D
Heinmiller, JM
Heinson, AP
Heintz, U
Hildreth, MD
Hirosky, R
Hobbs, JD
Hoeneisen, B
Huang, J
Huang, Y
Iashvili, I
Illingworth, R
Ito, AS
Jaffre, M
Jain, S
Jesik, R
Johns, K
Johnson, M
Jonckheere, A
Jostlein, H
Juste, A
Kahl, W
Kahn, S
Kajfasz, E
Kalinin, AM
Karmanov, D
Karmgard, D
Kehoe, R
Khanov, A
Kharchilava, A
Klima, B
Kohli, JM
Kostritskiy, AV
Kotcher, J
Kothari, B
Kozelov, AV
Kozlovsky, EA
Krane, J
Krishnaswamy, MR
Krivkova, P
Krzywdzinski, S
Kubantsev, M
Kuleshov, S
Kulik, Y
Kunori, S
Kupco, A
Kuznetsov, VE
Landsberg, G
Lee, WM
Leflat, A
Lehner, F
Leonidopoulos, C
Li, J
Li, QZ
Lima, JGR
Lincoln, D
Linn, SL
Linnemann, J
Lipton, R
Lucotte, A
Lueking, L
Lundstedt, C
Luo, C
Maciel, AKA
Madaras, RJ
Malyshev, VL
Manankov, V
Mao, HS
Marshall, T
Martin, MI
Mauritz, K
Mayorov, AA
McCarthy, R
McMahon, T
Melanson, HL
Merkin, M
Merritt, KW
Miao, C
Miettinen, H
Mihalcea, D
Mokhov, N
Mondal, NK
Montgomery, HE
Moore, RW
Mutaf, YD
Nagy, E
Nang, F
Narain, M
Narasimham, VS
Naumann, NA
Neal, HA
Negret, JP
Nomerotski, A
Nunnemann, T
O'Neil, D
Oguri, V
Olivier, B
Oshima, N
Padley, P
Papageorgiou, K
Parashar, N
Partridge, R
Parua, N
Patwa, A
Peters, O
Petroff, P
Piegaia, R
Pope, BG
Prosper, HB
Protopopescu, S
Przybycien, MB
Qian, J
Raja, R
Rajagopalan, S
Rapidis, PA
Reay, NW
Reucroft, S
Ridel, M
Rijssenbeek, M
Rizatdinova, F
Rockwell, T
Royon, C
Rubinov, P
Ruchti, R
Sabirov, BM
Sajot, G
Santoro, A
Sawyer, L
Schamberger, RD
Schellman, H
Schwartzman, A
Shabalina, E
Shivpuri, RK
Shpakov, D
Shupe, M
Sidwell, RA
Simak, V
Sirotenko, V
Slattery, P
Smith, RP
Snow, GR
Snow, J
Snyder, S
Solomon, J
Song, Y
Sorin, V
Sosebee, M
Sotnikova, N
Soustruznik, K
Souza, M
Stanton, NR
Steinbruck, G
Stoker, D
Stolin, V
Stone, A
Stoyanova, DA
Strang, MA
Strauss, M
Strovink, M
Stutte, L
Sznajder, A
Talby, M
Taylor, W
Tentindo-Repond, S
Tripathi, SM
Trippe, TG
Turcot, AS
Tuts, PM
Van Kooten, R
Vaniev, V
Varelas, N
Villeneuve-Seguier, F
Volkov, AA
Vorobiev, AP
Wahl, HD
Wang, ZM
Warchol, J
Watts, G
Wayne, M
Weerts, H
White, A
Whiteson, D
Wijngaarden, DA
Willis, S
Wimpenny, SJ
Womersley, J
Wood, DR
Xu, Q
Yamada, R
Yamin, P
Yasuda, T
Yatsunenko, YA
Yip, K
Yu, J
Zanabria, M
Zhang, X
Zheng, H
Zhou, B
Zhou, Z
Zielinski, M
Zieminska, D
Zieminski, A
Zutshi, V
Zverev, EG
Zylberstejn, A
CA DO Collaborat
TI Observation of diffractively produced W and Z bosons in (p)over-barp
collisions at root s=1800 GeV
SO PHYSICS LETTERS B
LA English
DT Article
ID FERMILAB TEVATRON; DIJET PRODUCTION; SCATTERING; HERA
AB Using the DO detector, we have observed events produced in (p) over barp collisions that contain W or Z bosons in conjunction with very little energy deposition ("rapidity gaps") in large forward regions of the detector. The fraction of W boson events with a rapidity gap (a signature for diffraction) is 0.89 +/- (0.19)(0.17)% and the probability that the non-diffractive background fluctuated to yield the observed diffractive signal is 3 x 10(-14), corresponding to a significance of 7.5 sigma. The Z boson sample has a gap fraction of 1.44 +/- (0.61)(0.52)%, with a significance of 4.4 sigma. The diffractive events have very similar properties to the more common non-diffractive component. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia.
Univ Estado Rio De Janeiro, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.
Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China.
Univ Los Andes, Bogota, Colombia.
Charles Univ Prague, Ctr Particle Phys, Prague, Czech Republic.
Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Phys, Ctr Particle Phys, Prague, Czech Republic.
Univ San Francisco Quito, Quito, Ecuador.
Univ Grenoble 1, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Phys Subatom & Cosmol, Grenoble, France.
Univ Aix Marseille 2, CNRS, CPPM, IN2P3, Marseille, France.
CNRS, Accelerateur Lineaire Lab, IN2P3, Orsay, France.
Univ Paris 06, LPNHE, CNRS, IN2P3, Paris, France.
Univ Paris 07, LPNHE, CNRS, IN2P3, Paris, France.
CEA Saclay, DAPNIA, Serv Phys Particules, Saclay, France.
Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-6500 Mainz, Germany.
Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India.
Univ Delhi, Delhi 110007, India.
Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Bombay 400005, Maharashtra, India.
CINVESTAV, Mexico City 14000, DF, Mexico.
Inst NIKHEF, FOM, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Univ Amsterdam, NIKHEF, NL-1012 WX Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Univ Nijmegen, NIKHEF, Nijmegen, Netherlands.
Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia.
Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Moscow, Russia.
Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia.
Univ Lancaster, Lancaster, England.
Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London, England.
Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
Calif State Univ Fresno, Fresno, CA 93740 USA.
Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA.
Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA.
No Illinois Univ, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA.
Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA.
Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA.
Louisiana Tech Univ, Ruston, LA 71272 USA.
Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA.
Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA.
Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA.
SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
Langston Univ, Langston, OK 73050 USA.
Univ Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA.
Univ Texas, Arlington, TX 76019 USA.
Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77005 USA.
Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA.
Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia.
EM brandt@hepmail.uta.edu
RI Nomerotski, Andrei/A-5169-2010; Shivpuri, R K/A-5848-2010; Gutierrez,
Phillip/C-1161-2011; Dudko, Lev/D-7127-2012; Leflat,
Alexander/D-7284-2012; Merkin, Mikhail/D-6809-2012; Yip,
Kin/D-6860-2013; Kuleshov, Sergey/D-9940-2013; De, Kaushik/N-1953-2013;
Oguri, Vitor/B-5403-2013; Alves, Gilvan/C-4007-2013; Belyaev,
Alexander/F-6637-2015; Chekulaev, Sergey/O-1145-2015; Sznajder,
Andre/L-1621-2016; Canelli, Florencia/O-9693-2016
OI Dudko, Lev/0000-0002-4462-3192; Yip, Kin/0000-0002-8576-4311; Kuleshov,
Sergey/0000-0002-3065-326X; De, Kaushik/0000-0002-5647-4489; Belyaev,
Alexander/0000-0002-1733-4408; Sznajder, Andre/0000-0001-6998-1108;
Canelli, Florencia/0000-0001-6361-2117
NR 24
TC 27
Z9 27
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0370-2693
EI 1873-2445
J9 PHYS LETT B
JI Phys. Lett. B
PD NOV 13
PY 2003
VL 574
IS 3-4
BP 169
EP 179
DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2003.09.001
PG 11
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA 739MG
UT WOS:000186350100005
ER
PT J
AU Walker, TA
Melnichenko, YB
Wignall, GD
Lin, JS
Spontak, RJ
AF Walker, TA
Melnichenko, YB
Wignall, GD
Lin, JS
Spontak, RJ
TI Phase behavior of poly(methyl methacrylate)/poly(vinylidene fluoride)
blends in the presence of high-pressure carbon dioxide
SO MACROMOLECULAR CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE blends; high-pressure CO2; phase miscibility; SAXS
ID SOLUTION TEMPERATURE BEHAVIOR; SMALL-ANGLE NEUTRON; X-RAY-SCATTERING;
POLY(VINYLIDENE FLUORIDE); POLYMER BLENDS; METHACRYLATE) BLENDS;
POLYVINYLIDENE FLUORIDE; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; SUPERCRITICAL CO2;
PVDF/PMMA BLENDS
AB Full Paper: Previous efforts have demonstrated that high-pressure CO2 can markedly influence the phase behavior of amorphous polymer blends. In this work, we examine the effect of high-pressure CO2 on the miscibility of blends composed of glassy poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and semi-crystalline poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF). Blends of this type are known to exhibit lower critical solution temperature (LCST) behavior with partial miscibility up to approximate to50-60 wt.-% PVDF at ambient conditions. Two miscible PMMA/PVDF blends have been systematically exposed to high-pressure CO2 at 35 degreesC and pressures below and above the critical pressure. Small-angle X-ray scattering reveals that the scattering intensity at high scattering angles shows little dependence on pressure at low CO2 pressures, but increases substantially at relatively high CO2 pressures. Transmission electron microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry analyses confirm that the blends are initially quasi-homogeneous with diffuse PVDF-rich dispersions and a single glass transition temperature. After exposure to relatively high CO2 pressures, however, the PVDF is found to crystallize within the PMMA-rich matrix. Thermal recycling of these blends promotes homogenization, indicating that such CO2-altered phase behavior is reversible.
C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
RP Spontak, RJ (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
OI Wignall, George/0000-0002-3876-3244
NR 82
TC 21
Z9 22
U1 2
U2 12
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 1022-1352
J9 MACROMOL CHEM PHYSIC
JI Macromol. Chem. Phys.
PD NOV 12
PY 2003
VL 204
IS 17
BP 2064
EP 2077
DI 10.1002/macp.200350075
PG 14
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA 746HE
UT WOS:000186740300002
ER
PT J
AU Pan, FF
Peters-Lidard, CD
Sale, MJ
AF Pan, FF
Peters-Lidard, CD
Sale, MJ
TI An analytical method for predicting surface soil moisture from rainfall
observations
SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE soil moisture; precipitation; Antecedent Precipitation Index (API); loss
coefficient
ID PLANETARY BOUNDARY-LAYER; CATCHMENT-BASED APPROACH; MESOSCALE
CIRCULATIONS; MODEL; VARIABILITY; SENSITIVITY; IMPACT; WATER;
SIMULATION; VEGETATION
AB [1] A simple analytical method for estimating surface soil moisture directly from rainfall data is proposed and studied. Soil moisture dynamics are represented by a linear stochastic partial differential equation [Entekhabi and Rodriguez-Iturbe, 1994]. A diagnostic equation is derived from the soil moisture dynamics equation by eliminating the diffusion term. The derived daily soil moisture function is a time-weighted average of previous cumulative rainfall over a given period (e.g., > 14 days). The advantage of this method is that information on the initial condition of soil moisture, which is often not available at all times and locations, is not needed. The loss coefficient in the diagnostic equation for soil moisture can be estimated from land surface characteristics and soil properties. The method for determining the averaging window size, the loss coefficient, and the infiltration coefficient are described and demonstrated. The soil moisture data observed during three field experiments, i.e., Monsoon' 90, Washita' 92, and SGP' 97, are compared to the calculated soil moisture. The results indicate that the proposed method is robust and has the potential for useful soil moisture predictions.
C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
NASA, Hydrol Sci Branch, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20071 USA.
RP Pan, FF (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, MS 6335, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RI Pan, Feifei/D-3370-2015; Peters-Lidard, Christa/E-1429-2012
OI Pan, Feifei/0000-0003-4373-7566; Peters-Lidard,
Christa/0000-0003-1255-2876
NR 41
TC 29
Z9 30
U1 1
U2 12
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0043-1397
J9 WATER RESOUR RES
JI Water Resour. Res.
PD NOV 12
PY 2003
VL 39
IS 11
AR 1314
DI 10.1029/2003WR002142
PG 20
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water
Resources
GA 744XR
UT WOS:000186658600002
ER
PT J
AU Robinson, BA
Viswanathan, HS
AF Robinson, BA
Viswanathan, HS
TI Application of the theory of micromixing to groundwater reactive
transport models
SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE micromixing; reactive transport models; nonlinear reactions; mixedness
models; groundwater; residence time distribution
ID RESIDENCE-TIME DISTRIBUTIONS; 3-DIMENSIONALLY HETEROGENEOUS AQUIFERS;
STOCHASTIC-CONVECTIVE TRANSPORT; POROUS-MEDIA; DIRECT SIMULATION;
GEOLOGICAL MEDIA; IMMISCIBLE FLOW; TRANSIT-TIME; MULTICOMPONENT; AGE
AB [1] This study extends and applies the theory of micromixing, first introduced in the chemical reaction engineering literature, to the topic of reactive transport in porous media. For all but the simplest linear kinetic and sorption models the fate and transport of a reactive solute depends on the residence times and the details of small-scale mixing. The latter phenomenon, also called micromixing, is important because it brings into close proximity chemical species that react, and it controls the local concentrations in a flowing system. Solutes with reaction rates or sorption isotherms that depend on species concentration will therefore be affected by micromixing. Two models for micromixing are introduced, the minimum and maximum mixedness models, that provide bounds on the extent of reaction or retardation behavior within the constraints imposed by the residence time distribution (RTD) of a conservative solute in the same flow system. These mixing models prescribe the latest or earliest permissible mixing of parcels of fluid of different residence times, which in turn bounds the degree of reaction of a reactive solute for nonlinear rate laws or sorption isotherms. Simulation results using the bounding models show that micromixing effects are most important for nonlinear reaction curves, solute pulses of short duration, and systems with broad RTD curves. Use of these models is a straightforward and practical way to investigate the importance of a phenomenon for which data are seldom available and whose impact on groundwater reactive transport models has heretofore not been studied in a systematic, bounding manner.
C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Robinson, BA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, MS T003, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RI Robinson, Bruce/F-6031-2010
NR 48
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0043-1397
J9 WATER RESOUR RES
JI Water Resour. Res.
PD NOV 12
PY 2003
VL 39
IS 11
AR 1313
DI 10.1029/2003WR002368
PG 18
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water
Resources
GA 744XR
UT WOS:000186658600004
ER
PT J
AU Chromy, BA
Nowak, RJ
Lambert, MP
Viola, KL
Chang, L
Velasco, PT
Jones, BW
Fernandez, SJ
Lacor, PN
Horowitz, P
Finch, CE
Krafft, GA
Klein, WL
AF Chromy, BA
Nowak, RJ
Lambert, MP
Viola, KL
Chang, L
Velasco, PT
Jones, BW
Fernandez, SJ
Lacor, PN
Horowitz, P
Finch, CE
Krafft, GA
Klein, WL
TI Self-assembly of A beta(1-42) into globular neurotoxins
SO BIOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; BETA-AMYLOID-PEPTIDE; LONG-TERM POTENTIATION;
REVERSIBLE MEMORY LOSS; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; A-BETA; IN-VITRO;
CELL-DEATH; PROTEIN FIBRILLOGENESIS; PARKINSONS-DISEASE
AB Amyloid beta 1-42 (Abeta(1-42)) is a self-associating peptide that becomes neurotoxic upon aggregation. Toxicity originally was attributed to the presence of large, readily formed Abeta fibrils, but a variety of other toxic species are now known. The current study shows that Abeta(1-42) can self-assemble into small. stable globular assemblies free of fibrils and protofibrils. Absence of large molecules was verified by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and nondenaturing gel electrophoresis. Denaturing electrophoresis revealed that the globular assemblies comprised oligomers ranging from trimers to 24mers. Oligomers prepared at 4 degreesC stayed fibril-free for days and remained so when shifted to 37 degreesC, although the spectrum of sizes shifted toward larger oligomers at the higher temperature. The soluble, globular Abeta(1-42) oligomers were toxic to PC12 cells, impairing reduction of MTT and interfering with ERK and Rac signal transduction. Occasionally, oligomers were neither toxic nor recognized by toxicity-neutralizing antibodies, suggesting that oligomers could assume alternative conformations. Tests for oligomerization-blocking activity were carried out by dot-blot immunoassays and showed that neuroprotective extracts of Ginkgo biloba could inhibit oligomer formation at very low doses. The observed neurotoxicity, structure, and stability of synthetic Abeta(1-42) globular assemblies support the hypothesis that Abeta(1-42) oligomers play a role in triggering nerve cell dysfunction and death in Alzheimer's disease.
C1 Northwestern Univ, Dept Neurobiol & Physiol, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biodef Div, Biol & Biotechnol Res Program, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
Northwestern Univ, Sch Med, Chicago, IL 60611 USA.
Univ So Calif, Andrus Gerontol Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
Acumen Pharmaceut, Glenview, IL 60025 USA.
RP Klein, WL (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Neurobiol & Physiol, 2205 Tech Dr, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
FU NIA NIH HHS [P01-AG15501, R01-AG18877]
NR 76
TC 372
Z9 385
U1 7
U2 64
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0006-2960
J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US
JI Biochemistry
PD NOV 11
PY 2003
VL 42
IS 44
BP 12749
EP 12760
DI 10.1021/bi030029q
PG 12
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 741BQ
UT WOS:000186439000004
PM 14596589
ER
PT J
AU Lin, JF
Struzhkin, VV
Sturhahn, W
Huang, E
Zhao, JY
Hu, MY
Alp, EE
Mao, HK
Boctor, N
Hemley, RJ
AF Lin, JF
Struzhkin, VV
Sturhahn, W
Huang, E
Zhao, JY
Hu, MY
Alp, EE
Mao, HK
Boctor, N
Hemley, RJ
TI Sound velocities of iron-nickel and iron-silicon alloys at high
pressures
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID NUCLEAR RESONANT SCATTERING; EARTHS INNER-CORE; DENSITY-OF-STATES;
COMPRESSION; GIGAPASCALS; EQUATION; SULFUR
AB [1] Understanding the alloying effects of nickel and light element(s) on the physical properties of iron under core conditions is crucial for interpreting and constraining geophysical and geochemical models. We have studied two alloys, Fe0.92Ni0.08 and Fe0.85Si0.15, with nuclear resonant inelastic x-ray scattering up to 106 GPa and 70 GPa, respectively. The sound velocities of the alloys are obtained from the measured partial phonon density of states for Fe-57 incorporated in the alloys. Addition of Ni slightly decreases the compression wave velocity and shear wave velocity of Fe under high pressures. Silicon alloyed with Fe increases the compressional wave velocity and shear wave velocity under high pressures, which provides a better match to seismological data of the Earth's core.
C1 Carnegie Inst Washington, Geophys Lab, Washington, DC 20015 USA.
Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Carnegie Inst Washington, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
Acad Sinica, Inst Earth Sci, Taipei 115, Taiwan.
HPCAT, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Lin, JF (reprint author), Carnegie Inst Washington, Geophys Lab, 5251 Broad Branch Rd NW, Washington, DC 20015 USA.
RI Lin, Jung-Fu/B-4917-2011; Struzhkin, Viktor/J-9847-2013
OI Struzhkin, Viktor/0000-0002-3468-0548
NR 28
TC 42
Z9 46
U1 0
U2 11
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD NOV 11
PY 2003
VL 30
IS 21
AR 2112
DI 10.1029/2003GL018405
PG 4
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 744UQ
UT WOS:000186651600004
ER
PT J
AU Carmichael, GR
Tang, Y
Kurata, G
Uno, I
Streets, D
Woo, JH
Huang, H
Yienger, J
Lefer, B
Shetter, R
Blake, D
Atlas, E
Fried, A
Apel, E
Eisele, F
Cantrell, C
Avery, M
Barrick, J
Sachse, G
Brune, W
Sandholm, S
Kondo, Y
Singh, H
Talbot, R
Bandy, A
Thorton, D
Clarke, A
Heikes, B
AF Carmichael, GR
Tang, Y
Kurata, G
Uno, I
Streets, D
Woo, JH
Huang, H
Yienger, J
Lefer, B
Shetter, R
Blake, D
Atlas, E
Fried, A
Apel, E
Eisele, F
Cantrell, C
Avery, M
Barrick, J
Sachse, G
Brune, W
Sandholm, S
Kondo, Y
Singh, H
Talbot, R
Bandy, A
Thorton, D
Clarke, A
Heikes, B
TI Regional-scale chemical transport modeling in support of the analysis of
observations obtained during the TRACE-P experiment
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID AEROSOL DISTRIBUTIONS; ASIA; EMISSIONS; SEA; ASSIMILATION; METHODOLOGY;
EVOLUTION; INDOEX; SYSTEM; OCEAN
AB Data obtained during the TRACE-P experiment is used to evaluate how well the CFORS/STEM-2K1 regional-scale chemical transport model is able to represent the aircraft observations. Thirty-one calculated trace gas and aerosol parameters are presented and compared to the in situ data. The regional model is shown to accurately predict many of the important features observed. The mean values of all the model parameters in the lowest 1 km are predicted within +/-30% of the observed values. The correlation coefficients (R) for the meteorological parameters are found to be higher than those for the trace species. For example, for temperature, R>0.98. Among the trace species, ethane, propane, and ozone show the highest values (0.8 1.5 GeV and \eta(D*+/-)\ < 1.5. The measured cross sections are compared to theoretical predictions. The results are presented in terms of the open-charm contribution to the diffractive proton structure function. The data demonstrate a strong sensitivity to the diffractive parton densities. (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
Andrews Univ, Berrien Springs, MI 49104 USA.
Univ Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-40126 Bologna, Italy.
Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, D-5300 Bonn, Germany.
Univ Bristol, HH Wills Phys Lab, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England.
Univ Calabria, Dept Phys, Cosenza, Italy.
Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Cosenza, Italy.
Chonnam Natl Univ, Kwangju, South Korea.
Columbia Univ, Nevis Lab, New York, NY 10027 USA.
Inst Phys Nucl, Krakow, Poland.
Univ Min & Met Krakow, Fac Phys & Nucl Tech, Krakow, Poland.
Jagiellonian Univ, Dept Phys, Krakow, Poland.
DESY, D-2000 Hamburg, Germany.
DESY, Zeuthen, Germany.
Univ Florence, Florence, Italy.
Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Florence, Italy.
Univ Freiburg, Fac Phys, Freiburg, Germany.
Univ Glasgow, Dept Phys & Astron, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland.
Univ Aegean, Dept Engn Management & Finance, Aegean, Greece.
Univ Hamburg, Inst Phys Expt, Hamburg, Germany.
Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, High Energy Nucl Phys Grp, London, England.
Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Kernphys, Julich, Germany.
KEK, Inst Particle & Nucl Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
Kyungpook Natl Univ, Taegu 702701, South Korea.
Catholic Univ Louvain, Inst Nucl Phys, B-1348 Louvain, Belgium.
RP Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RI Suchkov, Sergey/M-6671-2015; dusini, stefano/J-3686-2012; Goncalo,
Ricardo/M-3153-2016; Li, Liang/O-1107-2015; Capua, Marcella/A-8549-2015;
Gliga, Sebastian/K-4019-2015; Tassi, Enrico/K-3958-2015; De Pasquale,
Salvatore/B-9165-2008; Gladilin, Leonid/B-5226-2011; Doyle,
Anthony/C-5889-2009; collins-tooth, christopher/A-9201-2012; Ferrando,
James/A-9192-2012; Golubkov, Yury/E-1643-2012; Proskuryakov,
Alexander/J-6166-2012; Dementiev, Roman/K-7201-2012; Katz,
Uli/E-1925-2013; Wiggers, Leo/B-5218-2015;
OI dusini, stefano/0000-0002-1128-0664; Goncalo,
Ricardo/0000-0002-3826-3442; Li, Liang/0000-0001-6411-6107; Capua,
Marcella/0000-0002-2443-6525; Arneodo, Michele/0000-0002-7790-7132;
Longhin, Andrea/0000-0001-9103-9936; Heath, Helen/0000-0001-6576-9740;
Gliga, Sebastian/0000-0003-1729-1070; De Pasquale,
Salvatore/0000-0001-9236-0748; Gladilin, Leonid/0000-0001-9422-8636;
Doyle, Anthony/0000-0001-6322-6195; Ferrando, James/0000-0002-1007-7816;
Katz, Uli/0000-0002-7063-4418; Wiggers, Leo/0000-0003-1060-0520;
Gutsche, Oliver/0000-0002-8015-9622; Raval, Amita/0000-0003-0164-4337;
PAGANIS, STATHES/0000-0002-1950-8993
NR 76
TC 51
Z9 51
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0550-3213
EI 1873-1562
J9 NUCL PHYS B
JI Nucl. Phys. B
PD NOV 10
PY 2003
VL 672
IS 1-2
BP 3
EP 35
DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2003.09.001
PG 33
WC Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA 743PQ
UT WOS:000186583100001
ER
PT J
AU Plotkin, S
AF Plotkin, S
TI Ethanol's net energy balance
SO OIL & GAS JOURNAL
LA English
DT Letter
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Washington, DC USA.
RP Plotkin, S (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Washington, DC USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU PENNWELL PUBL CO ENERGY GROUP
PI TULSA
PA 1421 S SHERIDAN RD PO BOX 1260, TULSA, OK 74101 USA
SN 0030-1388
J9 OIL GAS J
JI Oil Gas J.
PD NOV 10
PY 2003
VL 101
IS 43
BP 10
EP 10
PG 1
WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Petroleum
SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA 743BZ
UT WOS:000186553700001
ER
PT J
AU Wilbe, K
Salminen, M
Laukkanen, T
McCutchan, F
Ray, SC
Albert, J
Leitner, T
AF Wilbe, K
Salminen, M
Laukkanen, T
McCutchan, F
Ray, SC
Albert, J
Leitner, T
TI Characterization of novel recombinant HIV-1 genomes using the branching
index
SO VIROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE HIV-1; recombination; molecular evolution; subtype classification
ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; DISEASE PROGRESSION; GENETIC SUBTYPES;
PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; DRUG-RESISTANCE; ENVELOPE
GENES; DIVERSITY; STRAINS; IDENTIFICATION
AB We have characterized six novel genomes of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) sampled from individuals infected in Uganda and former Zaire. Four isolates (SE6954, SE8603, UG035, and UG266) had clear recombination patterns that included subtypes A1,D and C. The two remaining strains (SE8646 and SE9010) also appeared to be recombinant but had a more complex pattern. To facilitate the classification of these two genomes we developed a metric, the branching index, for characterization of "problematic" sequence fragments that associate to a subtype cluster with a high bootstrap value but are only distantly related to the reference sequences. The branching index is able to signal when parental representatives may be missing and a subtype classification thus is not meaningful. Several fragments of SE8646 and SE9010 had a branching index below the subtype defining cutoff value (0.55) and, therefore, these genomes could not be unequivocally classified. The branching index, with a cutoff value defined from analyses of HIV-1 reference sequences, may be a useful approach not only for more conservative classifications of HIV-1 subtypes but also for analyzing relationships among other types of sequences. (C) 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 Swedish Inst Infect Dis Control, Dept Virol, SE-17182 Solna, Sweden.
Karolinska Inst, Microbiol & Tumorbiol Ctr, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden.
Natl Publ Hlth Inst, HIV Lab, Dept Infect Dis Epidemiol, FIN-00300 Helsinki, Finland.
Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD 20850 USA.
Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA.
Los Alamos Natl Lab, HIV Sequence Database, Grp T10, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Wilbe, K (reprint author), Swedish Inst Infect Dis Control, Dept Virol, SE-17182 Solna, Sweden.
RI Ray, Stuart/B-7527-2008; Salminen, Mika/D-8784-2013
OI Ray, Stuart/0000-0002-1051-7260; Salminen, Mika/0000-0003-3020-0866
FU NIAID NIH HHS [Y1-AI-1500-02B]
NR 44
TC 10
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 0
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0042-6822
J9 VIROLOGY
JI Virology
PD NOV 10
PY 2003
VL 316
IS 1
BP 116
EP 125
DI 10.1016/S0042-6822(03)00605-6
PG 10
WC Virology
SC Virology
GA 743WH
UT WOS:000186596200012
PM 14599796
ER
PT J
AU Schuetz, CA
Frenklach, M
Kollias, AC
Lester, WA
AF Schuetz, CA
Frenklach, M
Kollias, AC
Lester, WA
TI Geometry optimization in quantum Monte Carlo with solution mapping:
Application to formaldehyde
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; RANDOM-WALK; BASIS-SETS; MOLECULES; FORCES;
ATOMS; CHEMISTRY; POTENTIALS; 1ST-ROW; CARBON
AB The solution mapping methodology is presented as a method of geometry optimization of molecules in the quantum Monte Carlo method. Applied to formaldehyde as a test system, this approach is found to yield optimized bond lengths and bond angle in the diffusion Monte Carlo method that lie within experimental error. The variational Monte Carlo optimized geometry also lies within experimental error, with the exception of the CH bond length, which is slightly underestimated. Additionally, the resulting quadratic representation of the potential energy surface in the region of the minimum is used to calculate three of the force constants and harmonic frequencies. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics.
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Kenneth S Pitzer Ctr Theoret Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
NR 48
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 4
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
EI 1089-7690
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD NOV 8
PY 2003
VL 119
IS 18
BP 9386
EP 9392
DI 10.1063/1.1614212
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 735WZ
UT WOS:000186138700008
ER
PT J
AU Aguirre, F
Pratt, ST
AF Aguirre, F
Pratt, ST
TI Velocity map imaging of the photodissociation of CF3I+ in the
(A)over-tilde <-(X)over-tilde band
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID ENHANCED MULTIPHOTON IONIZATION; RYDBERG STATES; DISSOCIATIVE
IONIZATION; RECOIL ANISOTROPY; METHYL-IODIDE; SPECTROSCOPY; NM;
PHOTOFRAGMENTATION; PHOTOIONIZATION; PHOTOELECTRON
AB The photodissociation dynamics of CF3I+ has been investigated within the (A) over tilde <--(X) over tilde band by means of velocity map ion imaging. The CF3I+ cation is prepared by resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization of CF3I via the [X E-2(3/2)]6p, [2]5(0)(1) band, and the ((X) over tilde E-2(3/2)) ground-state population in the CF3I+ ion is unambiguously characterized by using photoelectron spectroscopy. Photodissociation of the state-selected CF3I+ ion results in fragmentation to both CF3++I and CF3+I+. The translational energy distribution derived from the two-dimensional images of the CF3+ fragments shows vibrational progressions that provide detailed information on the channeling of the parent internal energy into the dissociation process. The translational fragment shows a one-to-one dependence on the excitation energy, which is typical of a single-photon dissociation process. The observation of a repeated pattern of rings in the CF3+ images with an interval of similar to800 cm-1 indicates that the nu(2) umbrella mode of the CF3+ fragment is excited upon dissociation. The low-kinetic-energy release observed in this channel indicates that substantial energy is deposited into the internal degrees of freedom of the CF3+ fragment and suggests that the dissociation is controlled by the Franck-Condon factors between the parent ion and fragments. The translational energy distribution of the I+ fragment is independent of the excitation wavelength and includes a feature peaking at near-zero kinetic energy. Plausible mechanisms for the CF3+ and I+ dissociation channels are discussed in terms of the observed kinetic energy and anisotropy distributions derived from the two-dimensional ion images. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics.
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Aguirre, F (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
NR 25
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 6
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD NOV 8
PY 2003
VL 119
IS 18
BP 9476
EP 9485
DI 10.1063/1.1615523
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 735WZ
UT WOS:000186138700018
ER
PT J
AU Dang, LX
Chang, TM
AF Dang, LX
Chang, TM
TI Many-body interactions in liquid methanol and its liquid/vapor
interface: A molecular dynamics study
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID VAPOR INTERFACE; WATER; MODEL
AB Many-body interactions in liquid methanol and its liquid/vapor interface are evaluated using classical molecular dynamics techniques. The methanol molecule carries a molecular polarizability to account for induction energies and forces. The computed dipole moment for the methanol molecule changed from 1.7 to 2.8 D, respectively, from the vapor to the liquid phases. This result indicated that there are significant many-body interactions in this complex molecular system. The computed average molecular dipole moment in liquid methanol at room temperature is in good agreement with experimental measurements. The computed average dipole moments of methanol molecules near the interface are close to their gas phase values, while methanol molecules far from the interface have dipole moments corresponding to their bulk values. The structural and thermodynamic properties of the liquid methanol as well as the surface tension of its liquid/vapor interface are in good agreement with the experiments, demonstrating the high quality of our potential model and simulation approaches. A constrained molecular dynamics technique was used to investigate the transport mechanism of a methanol molecule across the methanol liquid/vapor interface. The computed transfer free energy changed gradually as the methanol molecule approached the Gibbs dividing surface, and it crossed the interface with no substantial minimum free energy. The computed solvation free energy of the methanol molecule in liquid methanol estimated from the free energy profile (4.25 kcal/mol) is in good agreement with the corresponding experimental measurement (4.89 kcal/mol). (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics.
C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
Univ Wisconsin Parkside, Dept Chem, Kenosha, WI 53141 USA.
RP Dang, LX (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
NR 22
TC 54
Z9 54
U1 1
U2 6
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD NOV 8
PY 2003
VL 119
IS 18
BP 9851
EP 9857
DI 10.1063/1.1615957
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 735WZ
UT WOS:000186138700060
ER
PT J
AU Gruetzmacher, JA
AF Gruetzmacher, JA
TI Correlation function-based finite-difference time-domain method for
simulating ultrashort pulse propagation. I. Formalism (vol 119, pg 1590,
2003)
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Correction
C1 Univ Chicago, James Franck Inst, Dept Chem, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
Univ Chicago, Inst Biophys Dynam, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
RP Gruetzmacher, JA (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Nucl Engn Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD NOV 8
PY 2003
VL 119
IS 18
BP 9968
EP 9968
DI 10.1063/1.1615520
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 735WZ
UT WOS:000186138700074
ER
PT J
AU Den Auwer, C
Simoni, E
Conradson, S
Madic, C
AF Den Auwer, C
Simoni, E
Conradson, S
Madic, C
TI Investigating actinyl oxo cations by X-ray absorption spectroscopy
SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Review
DE actinides; oxo ligands; XANES; EXAFS
ID GRAZING-INCIDENCE XAFS; METAL-OXIDE SURFACES; NEAR-EDGE STRUCTURE;
MULTIPLE-SCATTERING CALCULATIONS; SOLVENT-EXTRACTION COMPOUNDS;
FINE-STRUCTURE SPECTROSCOPY; CS2LIYCL6 SINGLE-CRYSTALS;
ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; URANYL-ION
AB Early actinide elements (from U to Am) have the ability to form linear trans-dioxo complexes with formal valence of the actinide being equal to (v) or (vi). For instance, the ubiquity of the uranyl cation in uranium aqueous chemistry is the basis for its very important industrial and environmental concerns. As a result, the physical chemistry of the actinyl moieties has been the subject of constantly growing investigations. Among all the spectroscopic probes, X-ray absorption spectroscopy is a particularly useful element and energy-selective technique. This article reviews the investigation of molecular actinyl complexes using both XANES and EXAFS tools. The absorption edge features have long been used to characterize the frontier orbitals of the absorbing atom. In the case of actinide cations, the L-m edge, located in the hard X-ray region, provides a useful fingerprint of the cation polyhedron. Tentatively, simple molecular orbital considerations together with full multiple scattering simulation codes have provided significant interpretations of the edge features. Various examples involving a distortion of the actinyl coordination sphere, starting from the aqueous species are given. Complementary structural data can be obtained in the EXAFS region of the absorption spectrum. In the literature, such molecular systems have been well documented from uranyl aqueous chemistry to neptunyl or plutonyl coordination complexes with oxygen donor ligands. Furthermore, complexation mechanisms upon absorption onto mineral surfaces have been increasingly investigated over the past few years. Overall, contribution of the XAS technique to a better understanding of the actinide bonding is demonstrated from various examples of the literature and the authors' data. Importance of the simulation codes in order to better describe the absorption features is also strongly underlined. ((C) Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2003).
C1 CEA, DEN, DRCP, Serv Chim Procedes & Separat, F-30207 Bagnols sur Ceze, France.
Inst Phys Nucl Orsay, F-91405 Orsay, France.
Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
CEA Saclay, DEN, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
RP Den Auwer, C (reprint author), CEA, DEN, DRCP, Serv Chim Procedes & Separat, F-30207 Bagnols sur Ceze, France.
NR 158
TC 57
Z9 57
U1 6
U2 38
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 1434-1948
J9 EUR J INORG CHEM
JI Eur. J. Inorg. Chem.
PD NOV 7
PY 2003
IS 21
BP 3843
EP 3859
DI 10.1002/ejic.200300093
PG 17
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
SC Chemistry
GA 744HE
UT WOS:000186621400001
ER
PT J
AU Bandini, AL
Banditelli, G
Manassero, M
Albinati, A
Colognesi, D
Eckert, J
AF Bandini, AL
Banditelli, G
Manassero, M
Albinati, A
Colognesi, D
Eckert, J
TI Binuclear hydridoplatinum(II): One-pot synthesis, INS spectra and X-ray
crystal structure of [Pt-2(dcype)(2)(H)(3)][BPh4]
{dcype=1,2-bis(dicyclohexylphosphanyl)ethane}
SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE hydride ligands; INS spectroscopy; phosphane ligands; platinum; X-ray
diffraction
ID INELASTIC NEUTRON-SCATTERING; HYDRIDE-BRIDGED PLATINUM;
MOLECULAR-STRUCTURE; = 1,3-BIS(DIPHENYLPHOSPHINO)PROPANE; TRIHYDRIDE
COMPLEXES; CHIRAL DIPHOSPHINES; DINUCLEAR COMPLEXES; CHELATING LIGANDS;
UNUSUAL EXAMPLE; CIS-DIHYDRIDE
AB The binuclear platinum(II) hydride [Pt-2(dcype)(2)(H)(3)][Cl] (1b) has been isolated in high yields by treatment of Pt(dcype)Cl-2 with NaBH4 (molar ratio 1:2) in ethanol solution at room temperature. This one-pot synthesis is not straightforward when starting from diphenylphosphanylalkane complexes. The compounds [Pt-2(dppp)(2)(H)(3)][OH] (3b) and [Pt-2(dppb)(2)-(H)(3)][OH] (4) were isolated by starting from the mononuclear hydrides (cis-[Pt(P-P)(H)(2)]} while mixtures of both binuclear {[Pt-2(dppe)(2)(H)(3)](+), 5} and trinuclear {[Pt-3(dppe)(3)(H)(3)](+), 6} trihydrides were obtained with the dppe ligand. Various salts of the cation 1, [Pt-2(dcype)(2)(H)(3)1][X] (X = BF4, 1a; OH, 1c; BPh4, 1d), were isolated either from [Pt(dcype)(mu-OH)](2)[BF4](2) (2) by a general procedure (1a), or by decomposition of the complex cis-[Pt(dcype)(H)21 in solution (1c), as well as by metathesis reactions (1a, 1c, and 1d). Compounds la, 1b, and 1d react with CO under mild conditions to afford the corresponding Pt-I binuclear hydrides [Pt-2(dcype)(2)(mu-CO){mu-H)][X] (X = Cl, 7a; BF4, 7b; BPh4, 7c). The binuclear core of cation 1 is broken by KCN in methanol solution, yielding the mononuclear complex cis-[Pt(dcype)(CN)(H)] (8). The complexes 1a-d, 2, 7a-c, and 8 have been characterised by FAB MS, IR, and NMR (H-1, P-31, and Pt-195) spectroscopic techniques; the 1 and 7 cations show fluxional behaviour on the NMR timescale. The structure of compound Id was determined, at 200 K, by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. All the hydrido ligands were located. The Pt-Pt separation is 2.696(l) Angstrom and the coordination geometry around each platinum centre can be regarded as distorted square planar. Incoherent Inelastic Neutron Scattering (INS) spectra were obtained for la and [Pt-2(dppe)(2)(H)(3)][BF4] (5a); the spectra reflect the different geometries of the two "P4Pt2(H)(3)" cores as found by single-crystal structure determinations. ((C) Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2003).
C1 Univ Milan, CNR, ISTM, I-20133 Milan, Italy.
Univ Milan, Dipartimento Chim Inorgan Metallorgan & Anali, I-20133 Milan, Italy.
Univ Milan, Dipartimento Chim Strutt & Stereochim Inorgan, I-20133 Milan, Italy.
Univ Milan, INFM, UdR Milano, I-20133 Milan, Italy.
CNR, Ist Fis Appl Nello Carrara, I-50127 Florence, Italy.
Los Alamos Natl Lab, LANSCE, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Mat Res Lab, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
RP Bandini, AL (reprint author), Univ Milan, CNR, ISTM, Via G Venezian 21, I-20133 Milan, Italy.
RI Albinati, Alberto/I-1262-2015
OI Albinati, Alberto/0000-0002-8779-3327
NR 45
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 5
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 1434-1948
J9 EUR J INORG CHEM
JI Eur. J. Inorg. Chem.
PD NOV 7
PY 2003
IS 21
BP 3958
EP 3967
DI 10.1002/ejic.200300252
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
SC Chemistry
GA 744HE
UT WOS:000186621400014
ER
PT J
AU Gilbert, B
Zhang, HZ
Huang, F
Finnegan, MP
Waychunas, GA
Banfield, JF
AF Gilbert, B
Zhang, HZ
Huang, F
Finnegan, MP
Waychunas, GA
Banfield, JF
TI Special phase transformation and crystal growth pathways observed in
nanoparticles
SO GEOCHEMICAL TRANSACTIONS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 225th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society
CY MAR 23-27, 2003
CL NEW ORLEANS, LA
SP Amer Chem Soc
ID ANATASE-TO-RUTILE; X-RAY-SCATTERING; NANOCRYSTALLINE ANATASE;
MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; CDSE NANOCRYSTALS; PARTICLE-SIZE; ZINC-SULFIDE;
TIO2; ZNS; STABILITY
AB Phase transformation and crystal growth in nanoparticles may happen via mechanisms distinct from those in bulk materials. We combine experimental studies of as-synthesized and hydrothermally coarsened titania (TiO2) and zinc sulfide (ZnS) with thermodynamic analysis, kinetic modeling and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The samples were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, synchrotron X-ray absorption and scattering, and UV-vis spectroscopy. At low temperatures, phase transformation in titania nanoparticles occurs predominantly via interface nucleation at particle-particle contacts. Coarsening and crystal growth of titania nanoparticles can be described using the Smoluchowski equation. Oriented attachment-based crystal growth was common in both hydrothermal solutions and under dry conditions. MD simulations predict large structural perturbations within very fine particles, and are consistent with experimental results showing that ligand binding and change in aggregation state can cause phase transformation without particle coarsening. Such phenomena affect surface reactivity, thus may have important roles in geochemical cycling.
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Wisconsin, Mat Sci Program, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM bgilbert@eps.berkeley.edu; jill@eps.berkeley.edu
RI Gilbert, Benjamin/E-3182-2010
NR 61
TC 110
Z9 111
U1 2
U2 57
PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD
PI LONDON
PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND
SN 1467-4866
J9 GEOCHEM T
JI Geochem. Trans.
PD NOV 7
PY 2003
VL 4
BP 20
EP 27
DI 10.1039/b309073f
PG 8
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 741QE
UT WOS:000186468100001
ER
PT J
AU Diamant, R
Huotari, S
Hamalainen, K
Sharon, R
Kao, CC
Deutsch, M
AF Diamant, R
Huotari, S
Hamalainen, K
Sharon, R
Kao, CC
Deutsch, M
TI Diagram x-ray emission spectra of a hollow atom: The K-h alpha(1,2) and
K-h beta(1,3) hypersatellites of Fe
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID INNER-SHELL IONIZATION; ONE-PHOTON TRANSITIONS; BREIT INTERACTION;
K-ALPHA; 2-ELECTRON; CR; PHOTOIONIZATION; ABSORPTION; SATELLITES;
EXCITATION
AB High-resolution Fe K(h)beta(1,3) and K(h)alpha(1,2) hypersatellite spectra were measured, using monochromatized synchrotron radiation photoexcitation. The lines' energies, splitting, excitation thresholds, and the K(h)alpha(1)/K(h)alpha(2) intensity ratio were derived with high accuracy. Having both spectra, not hitherto available for any atom with high resolution, allows separating out the energy shifts of the outer levels caused by a K shell spectator vacancy. Comparison with ab initio relativistic multiconfigurational Dirac-Fock calculations reveals that while the influence of relativity and QED effects is mostly accounted for, discrepancies remain in the lines' intensity ratio, which sensitively measures the intermediacy of the coupling. Similar discrepancies, of unknown origin, are found in the energy shifts of the outer levels due to the final-state K shell spectator vacancy.
C1 Bar Ilan Univ, Dept Phys, IL-52900 Ramat Gan, Israel.
Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys Sci, Div Xray Phys, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
Brookhaven Natl Lab, NSLS, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Diamant, R (reprint author), Bar Ilan Univ, Dept Phys, IL-52900 Ramat Gan, Israel.
RI Hamalainen, Keijo/A-3986-2010
OI Hamalainen, Keijo/0000-0002-9234-9810
NR 35
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD NOV 7
PY 2003
VL 91
IS 19
AR 193001
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.193001
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 740VR
UT WOS:000186422700009
PM 14611577
ER
PT J
AU Pecharsky, VK
Holm, AP
Gschneidner, KA
Rink, R
AF Pecharsky, VK
Holm, AP
Gschneidner, KA
Rink, R
TI Massive magnetic-field-induced structural transformation in Gd5Ge4 and
the nature of the giant magnetocaloric effect
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID TRANSITION; REFRIGERATION; GD-5(SI2GE2); GERMANIUM; SILICON; METAL
AB A massive magnetic-field-induced structural transformation in Gd5Ge4, which occurs below 30 K, was imaged at the atomic level by uniquely coupling high-resolution x-ray powder diffraction with magnetic fields up to 35 kOe. In addition to uncovering the nature of the magnetic field induced structural transition, our data demonstrate that the giant magnetocaloric effect, observed in low magnetic fields, arises from the amplification of a conventional magnetic entropy-driven mechanism by the difference in the entropies of two phases, borne by the concomitant structural transformation.
C1 Ames Lab, Mat & Engn Phys Program, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
RP Pecharsky, VK (reprint author), Ames Lab, Mat & Engn Phys Program, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
EM vitkp@ameslab.gov
NR 24
TC 202
Z9 204
U1 7
U2 45
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
EI 1079-7114
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD NOV 7
PY 2003
VL 91
IS 19
AR 197204
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.197204
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 740VR
UT WOS:000186422700042
PM 14611610
ER
PT J
AU Qi, JY
AF Qi, JY
TI A unified noise analysis for iterative image estimation
SO PHYSICS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID SPATIAL-RESOLUTION PROPERTIES; EMISSION-TOMOGRAPHY; TRANSMISSION
TOMOGRAPHY; EM ALGORITHM; RECONSTRUCTION ALGORITHMS; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD;
MAP RECONSTRUCTION; ORDERED SUBSETS; PET DATA; VARIANCE
AB Iterative image estimation methods have been widely used in emission tomography. Accurate estimation of the uncertainty of the reconstructed images is essential for quantitative applications. While both iteration-based noise analysis and fixed-point noise analysis have been developed, current iteration-based results are limited to only a few algorithms that have an explicit multiplicative update equation and some may not converge to the fixed-point result. This paper presents a theoretical noise analysis that is applicable to a wide range of preconditioned gradient-type algorithms. Under a certain condition, the proposed method does not require an explicit expression of the preconditioner. By deriving the fixed-point expression from the iteration-based result, we show that the proposed iteration-based noise analysis is consistent with fixed-point analysis. Examples in emission tomography and transmission tomography are shown. The results are validated using Monte Carlo simulations.
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Nucl Med & Funct Imaging, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Qi, JY (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Nucl Med & Funct Imaging, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RI Qi, Jinyi/A-1768-2010
OI Qi, Jinyi/0000-0002-5428-0322
FU NIBIB NIH HHS [R01 EB000194, R01 EB000194-01A1, R01 EB00194, R01
EB00363]
NR 37
TC 47
Z9 47
U1 0
U2 2
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0031-9155
J9 PHYS MED BIOL
JI Phys. Med. Biol.
PD NOV 7
PY 2003
VL 48
IS 21
BP 3505
EP 3519
AR PII S0031-9155(03)61416-8
DI 10.1088/0031-9155/48/21/004
PG 15
WC Engineering, Biomedical; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Engineering; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
GA 747UG
UT WOS:000186822800005
PM 14653559
ER
PT J
AU Jones, JB
Stanley, EH
Mulholland, PJ
AF Jones, JB
Stanley, EH
Mulholland, PJ
TI Increased alkalinity in the Mississippi
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Letter
C1 Univ Alaska, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Limnol, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Jones, JB (reprint author), Univ Alaska, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
RI Mulholland, Patrick/C-3142-2012
NR 1
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD NOV 7
PY 2003
VL 302
IS 5647
BP 985
EP 986
DI 10.1126/science.302.5647.985c
PG 2
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 740HE
UT WOS:000186396300019
PM 14605349
ER
PT J
AU Walvoord, MA
Phillips, FM
Stonestrom, DA
Evans, RD
Hartsough, PC
Newman, BD
Striegl, RG
AF Walvoord, MA
Phillips, FM
Stonestrom, DA
Evans, RD
Hartsough, PC
Newman, BD
Striegl, RG
TI A reservoir of nitrate beneath desert soils
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS; GLOBAL PATTERNS; NITROGEN-CYCLE; UNITED-STATES;
WATER; IMPACTS
AB A large reservoir of bioavailable nitrogen (up to -10(4) kilograms of nitrogen per hectare, as nitrate) has been previously overlooked in studies of global nitrogen distribution. The reservoir has been accumulating in subsoil zones of arid regions throughout the Holocene. Consideration of the subsoil reservoir raises estimates of vadose-zone nitrogen inventories by 14 to 71% for warm deserts and arid shrublands worldwide and by 3 to 16% globally. Subsoil nitrate accumulation indicates long-term leaching from desert soils, impelling further evaluation of nutrient dynamics in xeric ecosystems. Evidence that subsoil accumulations are readily mobilized raises concern about groundwater contamination after land-use or climate change.
C1 US Geol Survey, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Socorro, NM 87801 USA.
US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
Washington State Univ, Sch Biol Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
Univ Nevada, Grad Program Hydrol Sci, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
Desert Res Inst, Reno, NV 89512 USA.
Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Walvoord, MA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
RI Hartsough, Peter/B-6104-2008; Stonestrom, David/E-9125-2011
OI Stonestrom, David/0000-0001-7883-3385
NR 34
TC 173
Z9 184
U1 7
U2 70
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD NOV 7
PY 2003
VL 302
IS 5647
BP 1021
EP 1024
DI 10.1126/science.1086435
PG 4
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 740HE
UT WOS:000186396300040
PM 14605364
ER
PT J
AU Genkova, I
Davies, R
AF Genkova, I
Davies, R
TI Spatial heterogeneity of reflected radiance from globally distributed
clouds
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID IMAGING SPECTRORADIOMETER MISR; SOLAR ZENITH ANGLE; RADIATION BUDGET;
DEPENDENCE; RESOLUTION; BIASES
AB Reflected spectral radiance measured by the Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR) on the Terra satellite has been analyzed to determine the fraction of global cloudiness that appears to be spatially homogeneous over regions of various sizes. We exclude scenes with reflectivities less than 0.2 and high latitudes to avoid snow and ice. About 1.4 +/- 0.3%, or 1 in 70, of 8.8 km cloudy regions measured at 275 m have a range of reflectivities less than +/-5% of the central reflectivity value of the region. This pass rate changes slightly with viewing angle, and is sensitive to the size of the test window, rising to 11% for 1.1 km regions. The pass rate rises to a value of 2.3 +/- 0.5% for 8.8 km regions if the measurement resolution is degraded to 1100 m. For the purposes of this study "global" cloudiness is limited to mid-morning clouds.
C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
RP Genkova, I (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RI Davies, Roger/D-4296-2009
OI Davies, Roger/0000-0002-2991-0409
NR 10
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD NOV 6
PY 2003
VL 30
IS 21
AR 2096
DI 10.1029/2003GL018194
PG 4
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 742FU
UT WOS:000186507300003
ER
PT J
AU Zhai, HJ
Wang, LS
Alexandrova, AN
Boldyrev, AI
AF Zhai, HJ
Wang, LS
Alexandrova, AN
Boldyrev, AI
TI Photoelectron spectroscopy and ab initio study of B-3(-) and B-4(-)
anions and their neutrals
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A
LA English
DT Article
ID BORON CLUSTER IONS; ELECTRON PROPAGATOR CALCULATIONS; COLLISION-INDUCED
DISSOCIATION; TRANSITION-METAL CLUSTERS; GAUSSIAN-BASIS SETS;
GREENS-FUNCTION; AROMATIC-MOLECULES; NITROGEN CLUSTERS; B-13(+)
CLUSTERS; BARE BORON
AB The two smallest boron clusters (B-3 and B-4) in their neutral and anionic forms were studied by photoelectron spectroscopy and ab initio calculations. Vibrationally resolved photoelectron spectra were observed for B-3(-) at three photon energies (355, 266, and 193 nm), and the electron affinity of B-3 was measured to be 2.82 +/- 0.02 eV. An unusually intense peak due to two-electron transitions was observed in the 193-nm spectrum of B-3(-) at 4.55 eV and its origin was theoretically characterized. We confirmed that both B-3(-) and B-3 are pi and sigma aromatic systems with D-3h symmetry. The photoelectron spectra of B-4(-) were also obtained at the three photon energies, but much broader spectra were observed. The B-4(-) anion was found to have the lowest electron detachment energy (similar to 1.6 eV) among all boron clusters with three or more atoms, consistent with its extremely weak mass signals. The neutral B-4 Cluster was found to have a D-2h rhombus structure, which is only slightly distorted from a perfect square. For B-4(-), we identified computationally two low-lying isomers (B-2(lu) and (2) A(g)) both with D-2h symmetry, with the B-2(lu) state slightly more stable, which is confirmed through comparison of the calculated spectra with the experimental spectra. The chemical bonding of the two small boron clusters is discussed in terms of aromaticity and antiaromaticity both in the pi and a frameworks. We demonstrated that the aromaticity and antiaromaticity concepts provide us a clear explanation of the chemical structure and bonding in these two boron clusters.
C1 Washington State Univ, Dept Phys, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
Pacific NW Natl Lab, WR Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
Utah State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
Kansas State Univ, Dept Chem, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA.
RP Wang, LS (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Phys, 2710 Univ Dr, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RI Boldyrev, Alexander/C-5940-2009
OI Boldyrev, Alexander/0000-0002-8277-3669
NR 77
TC 125
Z9 133
U1 1
U2 20
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1089-5639
J9 J PHYS CHEM A
JI J. Phys. Chem. A
PD NOV 6
PY 2003
VL 107
IS 44
BP 9319
EP 9328
DI 10.1021/jp0357119
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 738HW
UT WOS:000186282000008
ER
PT J
AU Hou, H
Muckerman, JT
Liu, P
Rodriguez, JA
AF Hou, H
Muckerman, JT
Liu, P
Rodriguez, JA
TI Computational study of the geometry and properties of the metcars Ti8C12
and Mo8C12
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A
LA English
DT Article
ID AB-INITIO SCF; TITANIUM-CARBON CLUSTERS; GAUSSIAN-BASIS SETS;
METALLO-CARBOHEDRENES; MET-CARS; METALLOCARBOHEDRENES M8C12;
ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURES; TRANSITION-ELEMENTS; ATOMS; STABILITY
AB We report the results of extensive ab initio HF and post-HF (as well as DFT) studies of the "magic number" metallocarbohedrene ("metcar") clusters Ti8C12 and Mo8C12 in various electronic states of T-d symmetry and the Jahn-Teller-distorted D-2d, C-3nu, and C-1 symmetries. An essential feature of the present work is that it is a systematic study employing a hierarchy of theoretical methods to explore the effect of refining the treatment of electron correlation in determining the geometry and electronic ground state of these species. For Ti8C12, we show using relatively high-level theories such as MP2, MP4, and QCISD that the Aufbau principle for the occupation of the molecular orbitals is obeyed, resulting in a Jahn-Teller distortion of the proposed T-d symmetry. These higher-level calculations identify a D-2d structure close to T-d symmetry for the electronic ground state and allow some of its chemical properties to be explored with confidence using a lower level of theory. The reactivity of Ti8C12 toward H2O, CO, and Cl is also investigated. It is found that Ti8C12 can act as a Lewis acid to accept lone pairs of electrons from H2O (Lewis base) and that it can also be oxidized by Cl atoms through electron donation from C-2 units in Ti8C12 to the Cl mediated by a Ti d(Z)(2) orbital. Thus, a relationship among structure, electronic properties, and reactivity is established. For Mo8C12, we find that the T-d structure is not subject to a Jahn-Teller effect, and it is a true minimum at the HF level; B3LYP DFT calculations prefer a lower-symmetry (near-D-2) structure. The results of ab initio and DFT methods are compared.
C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Hou, H (reprint author), Wuhan Univ, Coll Chem & Mol Sci, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China.
RI Muckerman, James/D-8752-2013
NR 56
TC 29
Z9 29
U1 0
U2 13
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1089-5639
J9 J PHYS CHEM A
JI J. Phys. Chem. A
PD NOV 6
PY 2003
VL 107
IS 44
BP 9344
EP 9356
DI 10.1021/jp0357976
PG 13
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 738HW
UT WOS:000186282000011
ER
PT J
AU Wang, W
Gu, BH
Liang, LY
Hamilton, WA
AF Wang, W
Gu, BH
Liang, LY
Hamilton, WA
TI Fabrication of near-infrared photonic crystals using
highly-monodispersed submicrometer SiO2 spheres
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B
LA English
DT Article
ID COLLOIDAL SILICA SPHERES; POLYSTYRENE LATEX; SUSPENSIONS; ARRAYS;
DIFFRACTION; PARTICLES; POLYMER; LIGHT; DISPERSIONS; MULTILAYERS
AB Silica (SiO2) spheres with diameters of 400-850 nm were prepared by hydrolysis of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) in the presence of water and ammonia in an alcoholic medium. By grafting -SO3- groups on silica surfaces using the silane coupling agent, 2-(4-chlorosulfonylphenyl) ethyl tri methoxy si lane, surface charges of the SiO2 spheres were greatly enhanced. These highly charged, monodisperse SiO2 particles readily selfassemble into robust, three-dimensionally ordered crystalline colloidal array (CCA) photonic crystals in water suspension. By evaporating water in the CCA, high quality films of close-packed SiO2 particle-air arrays form with thickness of 25-125 mum. These SiO2 CCAs and close-packed SiO2 particle-air arrays diffract light in the near-infrared (NIR) spectral region according to Bragg's law. By altering the particle number density in the CCA dispersions, the diffraction wavelength can be continuously tuned from similar to800 to similar to1800 nm. Additionally, the diffraction prevented light from transmitting through the CCA and the close-packed SiO2 particle-air array below similar to550 nm spectral region. The CCA photonic crystal materials could be potentially used as tunable NIR optical filters and/or as photonic band gap materials in the UV-visible spectral region.
C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
Univ Wales Coll Cardiff, Sch Engn, Cardiff CF24 0YF, S Glam, Wales.
RP Wang, W (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RI Wang, Wei/B-5924-2012; Gu, Baohua/B-9511-2012; Liang, Liyuan/O-7213-2014
OI Gu, Baohua/0000-0002-7299-2956; Liang, Liyuan/0000-0003-1338-0324
NR 35
TC 59
Z9 64
U1 5
U2 54
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1520-6106
J9 J PHYS CHEM B
JI J. Phys. Chem. B
PD NOV 6
PY 2003
VL 107
IS 44
BP 12113
EP 12117
DI 10.1021/jp034161b
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA 738HY
UT WOS:000186282200012
ER
PT J
AU McCabe, C
Galindo, A
Cummings, PT
AF McCabe, C
Galindo, A
Cummings, PT
TI Anomalies in the solubility of alkanes in near-critical water
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B
LA English
DT Article
ID DIRECTIONAL ATTRACTIVE FORCES; PRESSURE PHASE-EQUILIBRIA; THERMODYNAMIC
PERTURBATION-THEORY; SAFT-HS APPROACH; N-ALKANES; MOLECULAR SIMULATION;
AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; ASSOCIATING FLUIDS; MIXTURES; STATE
AB Recent theoretical and simulation studies suggest an unexpected shift in the solubility of n-alkanes in near-critical water, which would indicate that longer n-alkane molecules are more soluble than shorter ones. This trend is contrary to what one finds at ambient conditions, where longer alkanes generally have a lower aqueous solubility. The latter is usually interpreted as a consequence of the greater hydrophobicity of longer chains. There is also evidence that the reversal in the solubility close to the critical region may disappear at temperatures well above the critical point. We investigate these phenomena using a simplified version of the statistical associating fluid theory (SAFT) in which molecules are modeled as associating chains of hard-sphere segments with van der Waals mean-field dispersion interactions. Within the SAFT approach it is possible to take into account explicitly the extensive hydrogen bonding present in water and in aqueous solutions as well as the chainlike nature of the n-alkane molecules. Both of these features cause anisotropies in the molecular interactions and are responsible for the large nonideality of these systems. The SAFT-HS calculations are compared with available molecular dynamics simulations in an effort to further explore and understand this unexpected behavior. While the SAFT and simulation results agree concerning the reversal and rereversal seen in the Gibbs free energy of solvation (and equivalently the Henry's law constant), the SAFT results suggest that this is not related to changes in alkane solubility, since according to the SAFT calculations the alkanes and water are miscible at the temperature and pressure at which reversal and rereversal of the Gibbs free energy take place.
C1 Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Chem Engn, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Chem Engn & Chem Technol, London SW7 2AZ, England.
Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP McCabe, C (reprint author), Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Chem Engn, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RI McCabe, Clare/I-8017-2012; Galindo, Amparo/D-3169-2015; Cummings,
Peter/B-8762-2013
OI McCabe, Clare/0000-0002-8552-9135; Galindo, Amparo/0000-0002-4902-4156;
Cummings, Peter/0000-0002-9766-2216
NR 49
TC 39
Z9 39
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1520-6106
J9 J PHYS CHEM B
JI J. Phys. Chem. B
PD NOV 6
PY 2003
VL 107
IS 44
BP 12307
EP 12314
DI 10.1021/jp0352332
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA 738HY
UT WOS:000186282200036
ER
PT J
AU Kimura, T
Goto, T
Shintani, H
Ishizaka, K
Arima, T
Tokura, Y
AF Kimura, T
Goto, T
Shintani, H
Ishizaka, K
Arima, T
Tokura, Y
TI Magnetic control of ferroelectric polarization
SO NATURE
LA English
DT Article
ID TERBIUM ORTHOFERRITE; DIFFRACTION; PEROVSKITE
AB The magnetoelectric effect - the induction of magnetization by means of an electric field and induction of polarization by means of a magnetic field - was first presumed to exist by Pierre Curie(1), and subsequently attracted a great deal of interest in the 1960s and 1970s ( refs 2 - 4). More recently, related studies on magnetic ferroelectrics(5-14) have signalled a revival of interest in this phenomenon. From a technological point of view, the mutual control of electric and magnetic properties is an attractive possibility(15), but the number of candidate materials is limited and the effects are typically too small to be useful in applications. Here we report the discovery of ferroelectricity in a perovskite manganite, TbMnO3, where the effect of spin frustration causes sinusoidal antiferromagnetic ordering. The modulated magnetic structure is accompanied by a magnetoelastically induced lattice modulation, and with the emergence of a spontaneous polarization. In the magnetic ferroelectric TbMnO3, we found gigantic magnetoelectric and magnetocapacitance effects, which can be attributed to switching of the electric polarization induced by magnetic fields. Frustrated spin systems therefore provide a new area to search for magnetoelectric media.
C1 Univ Tokyo, Dept Appl Phys, Tokyo 1138656, Japan.
Univ Tsukuba, Inst Mat Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058573, Japan.
RP Kimura, T (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RI Arima, Taka-hisa/G-9217-2012; Tokura, Yoshinori/C-7352-2009; Ishizaka,
Kyoko/M-7643-2016
OI Ishizaka, Kyoko/0000-0002-1710-7176
NR 28
TC 2643
Z9 2686
U1 98
U2 765
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 0028-0836
J9 NATURE
JI Nature
PD NOV 6
PY 2003
VL 426
IS 6962
BP 55
EP 58
DI 10.1038/nature02018
PG 4
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 739WY
UT WOS:000186370800038
PM 14603314
ER
PT J
AU Liu, TB
Diemann, E
Li, HL
Dress, AWM
Muller, A
AF Liu, TB
Diemann, E
Li, HL
Dress, AWM
Muller, A
TI Self-assembly in aqueous solution of wheel-shaped Mo-154 oxide clusters
into vesicles
SO NATURE
LA English
DT Article
ID COLLOIDAL ORGANIZATION; KEPLERATE; SYMMETRY; IONS
AB Surfactants and membrane lipids readily assemble into complex structures(1) such as micelles, liposomes or hollow vesicles owing to their amphiphilic character - the fact that part of their structure is attracted to polar environments while another part is attracted to non-polar environments. The self-assembly of complex structures also occurs in polyoxometallate chemistry, as exemplified by the molybdenum blue solutions known for centuries. But while the presence of nanometre-sized metal oxide aggregates in these solutions has long been recognized, unravelling the composition and formation process of these aggregates proved difficult. Recent work has indicated that discrete, wheel-shaped mixed-valence polyoxomolybdate clusters of the type {Mo-154} (refs 2 - 4) assemble into well-defined nanometre-sized aggregates, including spherical structures(5). Here we report light-scattering data and transmission electron microscopy images of hollow spherical structures with an average, almost monodisperse radius of about 45 nm and composed of approximately 1,165 {Mo-154} wheel-shaped clusters. The clusters appear to lie flat and homogeneously distributed on the vesicle surface. Unlike conventional lipid vesicles, the structures we observe are not stabilized by hydrophobic interactions. Instead, we believe the polyoxomolybdate- based vesicles form owing to a subtle interplay between short-range van der Waals attraction and long-range electrostatic repulsion, with important further stabilization arising from hydrogen bonding involving water molecules encapsulated between the wheel-shaped clusters and in the vesicles' interior.
C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
Univ Bielefeld, Fac Chem, D-33501 Bielefeld, Germany.
Univ Bielefeld, Fac Math, D-33501 Bielefeld, Germany.
RP Liu, TB (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
EM liu@bnl.gov; a.mueller@uni-bielefeld.de
RI Liu, Tianbo/D-8915-2017;
OI Liu, Tianbo/0000-0002-8181-1790; Muller, Achim/0000-0003-0117-4021
NR 22
TC 309
Z9 315
U1 11
U2 112
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 0028-0836
J9 NATURE
JI Nature
PD NOV 6
PY 2003
VL 426
IS 6962
BP 59
EP 62
DI 10.1038/nature02036
PG 4
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 739WY
UT WOS:000186370800039
PM 14603315
ER
PT J
AU Volya, A
Zelevinsky, V
AF Volya, A
Zelevinsky, V
TI Invariant correlational entropy as a signature of quantum phase
transitions in nuclei
SO PHYSICS LETTERS B
LA English
DT Article
DE phase transition; nuclear pairing; entropy
ID SOLVABLE MODEL; SHELL-MODEL; ISOVECTOR; ISOSCALAR; CHAOS
AB We study phase transformations in finite nuclei as a function of interaction parameters. The signature of a transition is given by invariant correlational entropy that reflects the sensitivity of an individual many-body state to changes of external parameters; peaks in this quantity indicate the critical regions. This approach is able to reveal the pairing phase transition, identify the isovector and isoscalar pairing regions and determine the role of other interactions. We show the examples of the phase diagram in the parameter space. (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
RP Volya, A (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RI Volya, Alexander/I-9457-2012
OI Volya, Alexander/0000-0002-1765-6466
NR 29
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0370-2693
J9 PHYS LETT B
JI Phys. Lett. B
PD NOV 6
PY 2003
VL 574
IS 1-2
BP 27
EP 34
DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2003.08.076
PG 8
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA 737TN
UT WOS:000186248000005
ER
PT J
AU Di Lorenzo, ML
Wunderlich, B
AF Di Lorenzo, ML
Wunderlich, B
TI Melting of polymers by non-isothermal, temperature-modulated
calorimetry: analysis of various irreversible latent heat contributions
to the reversing heat capacity
SO THERMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Article
DE temperature-modulated calorimetry; melting; crystallization; heat
capacity; TMDSC
ID DIFFERENTIAL SCANNING CALORIMETRY; X-RAY-SCATTERING; LINEAR
POLYETHYLENE; THERMAL RESPONSE; CRYSTALLIZATION; TMDSC; DSC;
TRANSITIONS; CRYSTALS; REGION
AB This paper provides an analysis of contributions to the apparent, reversing heat capacity when measured by temperature-modulated differential scanning analysis (TMDSC) with an underlying heating rate in the temperature range where irreversible transitions with latent heats occur. To deconvolute the data of a TMDSC scan into a total and reversing part, it is common practice to use the sliding averages and the first harmonics of the Fourier series of temperature and heat-flow rate. Under certain conditions, this procedure produces erroneous reversing contributions which are detailed by experiment and simulation. Unless the response to the temperature modulation is linear, the total heat-flow rate is stationary, and the transition is truly reversible and occurs only once during the temperature scan, one cannot expect a true deconvolution of total and reversible effects. In the presence of multiple, irreversible transitions within a modulation period, however, each process involving latent heat can increase the modulation amplitude, as demonstrated by computer-simulation of polymer melting. As a result, the multiple transitions may give erroneously high latent heats when integrating the apparent reversing heat capacity with respect to temperature. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 CNR, Ist Chim & Tecnol Polimeri, I-80078 Pozzuoli, NA, Italy.
Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem & Analyt Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Di Lorenzo, ML (reprint author), CNR, Ist Chim & Tecnol Polimeri, C-O Comprensorio Olivetti,Fabbr 70,Via Campi Fleg, I-80078 Pozzuoli, NA, Italy.
RI Di Lorenzo, Maria Laura/N-5692-2015
NR 39
TC 27
Z9 27
U1 0
U2 9
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0040-6031
J9 THERMOCHIM ACTA
JI Thermochim. Acta
PD NOV 6
PY 2003
VL 405
IS 2
BP 255
EP 268
DI 10.1016/S0040-6031(03)00198-9
PG 14
WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical
SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry
GA 738CE
UT WOS:000186268500007
ER
PT J
AU Kimzey, AL
Weitz, KK
Guengerich, FP
Zangar, RC
AF Kimzey, AL
Weitz, KK
Guengerich, FP
Zangar, RC
TI Hydroperoxy-10,12-octadecadienoic acid stimulates cytochrome P450 3A
protein aggregation by a mechanism that is inhibited by substrate
SO BIOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID INDUCIBLE CYTOCHROME-P-450; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; RAT-LIVER; IN-VITRO;
HYDROPEROXIDES; OXYGEN; PROTEOLIPOSOMES; MONOOXYGENASE; HEPATOCYTES;
MICROSOMES
AB We recently demonstrated that microsomes from nicardipine-treated rats will form cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A) aggregates when incubated at 37 degreesC. CYP3A substrates inhibited the protein aggregation and subsequent degradation, suggesting that this process is important in substrate-mediated stabilization of CYP3A. In this paper, we demonstrate that oxidative stress is a key factor in the formation of CYP3A aggregates in incubated microsomes and in a reconstituted system with purified enzymes. Our data further suggest that the effects of oxidative stress are mediated by lipid hydroperoxides, which are efficiently metabolized by CYP3A. In the presence of substrate, the CYP3A-mediated lipid hydroperoxide metabolism is inhibited along with the associated protein aggregation. Therefore, these studies provide a mechanistic model of why CYP3A has a relatively short half-life and how substrates stabilize CYP3A.
C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biochem, Nashville, TN 37232 USA.
Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Ctr Mol Toxicol, Nashville, TN 37232 USA.
RP Zangar, RC (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
FU NCI NIH HHS [R01 CA90426]; NIDDK NIH HHS [R01 DK54812]
NR 34
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0006-2960
J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US
JI Biochemistry
PD NOV 4
PY 2003
VL 42
IS 43
BP 12691
EP 12699
DI 10.1021/bi0349975
PG 9
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 742RD
UT WOS:000186531100030
PM 14580217
ER
PT J
AU Huh, S
Wiench, JW
Yoo, JC
Pruski, M
Lin, VSY
AF Huh, S
Wiench, JW
Yoo, JC
Pruski, M
Lin, VSY
TI Organic functionalization and morphology control of mesoporous silicas
via a co-condensation synthesis method
SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID MOLECULAR-SIEVES; MESOSTRUCTURED INTERIORS; NANOSCALE MATERIALS;
CROSS-POLARIZATION; MESOPHASES; SURFACTANT; CATALYSIS; NMR;
ORGANOSILICAS; ADSORPTION
AB A series of new mesoporous silica materials with MCM-41 type of structure containing a homogeneous layer of organic functional groups inside the pores was prepared using a co-condensation method under low surfactant concentration condition. This reproducible synthetic approach resulted in high surface coverage with several functional groups such as a primary amine, secondary amine, urea, isocyanate, vinyl, and nitrile. In addition, the presence of organoalkoxysilane precursors during the base catalyzed condensation greatly influenced the final particle shape. By changing the precursor or its concentration, the particle morphology was tuned to various shapes, including spheres, tubes, and rods of various dimensions. The synthetic procedures that gave rise to the specific particle morphologies were investigated and the mechanism responsible for shape control was postulated. The structure and functionality of these materials were characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, solid-state NMR spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and nitrogen adsorption and desorption studies (BET isotherms and BJH pore size distribution measurements).
C1 Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, US Dept Energy, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
RP Lin, VSY (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
RI HUH, SEONG/E-5192-2011;
OI Huh, Seong/0000-0001-7894-8422
NR 49
TC 515
Z9 520
U1 32
U2 249
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0897-4756
J9 CHEM MATER
JI Chem. Mat.
PD NOV 4
PY 2003
VL 15
IS 22
BP 4247
EP 4256
DI 10.1021/cm0210041
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 738ZD
UT WOS:000186317000016
ER
PT J
AU Ma, Y
Weber, RJ
Lee, YN
Orsini, DA
Maxwell-Meier, K
Thornton, DC
Bandy, AR
Clarke, AD
Blake, DR
Sachse, GW
Fuelberg, HE
Kiley, CM
Woo, JH
Streets, DG
Carmichael, GR
AF Ma, Y
Weber, RJ
Lee, YN
Orsini, DA
Maxwell-Meier, K
Thornton, DC
Bandy, AR
Clarke, AD
Blake, DR
Sachse, GW
Fuelberg, HE
Kiley, CM
Woo, JH
Streets, DG
Carmichael, GR
TI Characteristics and influence of biosmoke on the fine-particle ionic
composition measured in Asian outflow during the Transport and Chemical
Evolution Over the Pacific (TRACE-P) experiment
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
DE atmospheric aerosol; biomass burning; particle chemical composition;
Asian air quality
ID BIOMASS BURNING AEROSOLS; TROPICAL INDIAN-OCEAN; ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS;
MASS-SPECTROMETRY; EMISSIONS; DISTRIBUTIONS; COMBUSTION; MARINE; GASES;
HYDROCARBONS
AB We investigate the sources, prevalence, and fine-particle inorganic composition of biosmoke over the western Pacific Ocean between 24 February and 10 April 2001. The analysis is based on highly time-resolved airborne measurements of gaseous and fine-particle inorganic chemical composition made during the NASA Transport and Chemical Evolution over the Pacific (TRACE-P) experiment. At latitudes below approximately 25degreesN, relatively pure biomass burning plumes of enhanced fine-particle potassium, nitrate, ammonium, light-absorbing aerosols, and CO concentrations were observed in plumes that back trajectories and satellite fire map data suggest originated from biomass burning in southeast Asia. Fine-particle water-soluble potassium (K+) is confirmed to be a unique biosmoke tracer, and its prevalence throughout the experiment indicates that approximately 20% of the TRACE-P Asian outflow plumes were influenced, to some extent, by biomass or biofuel burning emissions. At latitudes above 25degreesN, highly mixed urban/industrial and biosmoke plumes, indicated by SO42- and K+, were observed in 5 out of 53 plumes. Most plumes were found in the Yellow Sea and generally were associated with much higher fine-particle loadings than plumes lacking a biosmoke influence. The air mass back trajectories of these mixed plumes generally pass through the latitude range of between 34degrees and 40degreesN on the eastern China coast, a region that includes the large urban centers of Beijing and Tianjin. A lack of biomass burning emissions based on fire maps and high correlations between K+ and pollution tracers (e.g., SO42-) suggest biofuel sources. Ratios of fine-particle potassium to sulfate are used to provide an estimate of relative contributions of biosmoke emissions to the mixed Asian plumes. The ratio is highly correlated with fine-particle volume (r(2) = 0.85) and predicts that for the most polluted plume encounter in TRACE-P, approximately 60% of the plume is associated with biosmoke emissions. On average, biosmoke contributes approximately 35-40% to the measured fine inorganic aerosol mass in the mixed TRACE-P plumes intercepted north of 25degreesN latitude.
C1 Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Environm Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
Drexel Univ, Dept Chem, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Oceanog, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Chem, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
Florida State Univ, Dept Meteorol, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
Univ Iowa, Ctr Global & Reg Environm Res, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, 221 Boddy Dodd Way, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
EM yma@eas.gatech.edu; rweber@eas.gatech.edu; ynlee@bnl.gov;
douglas.orsini@eas.gatech.edu; kmaxwell@eas.gatech.edu;
thorntdc@drexel.edu; bandyar@drexel.edu; tclarke@soest.hawaii.edu;
drblake@uci.edu; g.w.sachse@larc.nasa.gov; fuelberg@met.fsu.edu;
ckiley@huey.met.fsu.edu; woojh21@cgrer.uiowa.edu; dstreets@anl.gov;
gcarmich@icaen.uiowa.edu
NR 51
TC 64
Z9 66
U1 1
U2 12
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD NOV 4
PY 2003
VL 108
IS D21
AR 8816
DI 10.1029/2002JD003128
PG 16
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 742GA
UT WOS:000186508000004
ER
PT J
AU Tang, YH
Carmichael, GR
Woo, JH
Thongboonchoo, N
Kurata, G
Uno, I
Streets, DG
Blake, DR
Weber, RJ
Talbot, RW
Kondo, Y
Singh, HB
Wang, T
AF Tang, YH
Carmichael, GR
Woo, JH
Thongboonchoo, N
Kurata, G
Uno, I
Streets, DG
Blake, DR
Weber, RJ
Talbot, RW
Kondo, Y
Singh, HB
Wang, T
TI Influences of biomass burning during the Transport and Chemical
Evolution Over the Pacific (TRACE-P) experiment identified by the
regional chemical transport model
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
DE biomass burning; chemical transport model; TRACE-P; photochemical
process; aerosols; radiative influence
ID EMISSIONS; AIR
AB Using a regional chemical transport model, STEM 2K1, and the emission inventory for the Transport and Chemical Evolution Over the Pacific (TRACE-P) period [Woo et al., 2003 Streets et al., 2003], we successfully simulated important features of the biomass burning ( BB) CO outflow. Simulated results agree well with the TRACE-P aircraft measurements and Thailand surface observations. On the basis of sensitivity studies with and without biomass emissions, we identified nine flight segments that are affected by biomass plumes during the TRACE-P period and compared the characteristics of the BB air masses with the other air masses. The BB air masses emitted from Southeast Asia contain relatively high HCN (DeltaHCN/DeltaCO similar to 0.0015) and potassium (DeltaK(+)/DeltaCO similar to 0.0038) but very low NOy (DeltaNO(y)/DeltaCO similar to 0.005) mixing ratios, which may be associated with the special burning condition in this region. The biomass burning air masses have high ozone production efficiency. The observed DeltaO(3)/DeltaNO(z) values were similar to17 in biomass events and 1.7 in other events. The BB influence on the trace gas distributions can be divided into two categories: the influence through direct reactions and the influence caused by BB aerosols changing J values. These two influences are discussed for the BB-affected TRACE-P flights and for east Asia. The BB influences on chemical species are not only determined by the BB plume intensity but also by the ambient environment caused by other emissions. In Southeast Asia, where the biogenic emissions are very strong, the OH background concentration is low, and the BB gas-phase compounds mainly contribute to OH production. Arranged in the sensitivity to the J value change caused by BB aerosols, we have OH > HO2 > HCHO > O-3 when evaluated on a regional average. Averaged over March, the biomass burning net influence is as high as 50% for OH, 40% for HO2, 60% for HCHO, and 10 ppbv for O-3 for the layers below 1 km.
C1 Univ Iowa, Ctr Global & Reg Environm Res, Iowa Adv Technol Labs 402, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
Toyohashi Univ Technol, Dept Ecol Engn, Toyohashi, Aichi 4418580, Japan.
Kyushu Univ, Res Inst Appl Mech, Fukuoka 8168580, Japan.
Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Chem, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
Univ New Hampshire, Inst Study Earth Oceans & Space, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
Univ Tokyo, Res Ctr Adv Sci & Technol, Meguro Ku, Tokyo 1538904, Japan.
NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
Hong Kong Polytech Univ, Dept Civil & Struct Engn, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
RP Univ Iowa, Ctr Global & Reg Environm Res, Iowa Adv Technol Labs 402, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
EM ytang@cgrer.uiowa.edu; gcarmich@icaen.uiowa.edu;
woojh21@cgrer.uiowa.edu; nthongbo@cgrer.uiowa.edu; kurata@eco.tut.ac.jp;
iuno@riam.kyushu-u.ac.jp; dstreets@anl.gov; drblake@uci.edu;
rweber@eas.gatech.edu; robert.talbot@unh.edu;
kondo@atmos.rcast.u-tokyo.ac.jp; hanwant.b.singh@nasa.gov;
cetwang@polyu.edu.cn
RI Uno, Itsushi/B-5952-2011; Kondo, Yutaka/D-1459-2012; WANG,
Tao/B-9919-2014; Kyushu, RIAM/F-4018-2015; U-ID, Kyushu/C-5291-2016;
Tang, Youhua/D-5205-2016
OI WANG, Tao/0000-0002-4765-9377; Tang, Youhua/0000-0001-7089-7915
NR 12
TC 43
Z9 46
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD NOV 4
PY 2003
VL 108
IS D21
AR 8824
DI 10.1029/2002JD003110
PG 19
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 742GA
UT WOS:000186508000003
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, MG
Uno, I
Carmichael, GR
Akimoto, H
Wang, ZF
Tang, YH
Woo, JH
Streets, DG
Sachse, GW
Avery, MA
Weber, RJ
Talbot, RW
AF Zhang, MG
Uno, I
Carmichael, GR
Akimoto, H
Wang, ZF
Tang, YH
Woo, JH
Streets, DG
Sachse, GW
Avery, MA
Weber, RJ
Talbot, RW
TI Large-scale structure of trace gas and aerosol distributions over the
western Pacific Ocean during the Transport and Chemical Evolution Over
the Pacific (TRACE-P) experiment
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
DE tropospheric ozone; sulfate; biomass burning; regional pollution; CMAQ;
TRACE-P
ID TROPOSPHERIC OZONE PRODUCTION; EAST-ASIA; ANTHROPOGENIC EMISSIONS;
MINERAL AEROSOL; NORTH PACIFIC; CONTINENTAL OUTFLOW; AIR-POLLUTION;
YELLOW SAND; MODEL; ATMOSPHERE
AB The Models-3 Community Multiscale Air Quality modeling system (CMAQ) coupled with the Regional Atmospheric Modeling System (RAMS) is used to analyze the Asian continental outflow of carbon monoxide (CO), ozone (O-3), and aerosol sulfate (SO42-) to the western Pacific Ocean during the period 17-24 March 2001. In this time period eight airborne observations (DC-8 flights 11-14 and P-3B flights 13-16) of the NASA Transport and Chemical Evolution Over the Pacific (TRACE-P) mission were being conducted over a broad area covering Hong Kong, Okinawa, the East China Sea, and southern Japan. Comparison of model results with observations shows that the model reproduces the main observed features of CO, O-3, and SO42-, including horizontal and vertical gradients, of the Asian pollution outflow over the western Pacific. Model results show that the fast boundary outflow from Asia to the western Pacific is largely restricted to the middle latitudes, and the maximum outflow fluxes are in the lower free atmosphere (3-6 km) north of 25degreesN. Simulations with and without biomass burning emissions are conducted to quantify the impacts of biomass burning on tropospheric concentrations of CO and O-3. Biomass burning is found to contribute more than 50% of the CO concentrations and up to 40% of the O-3 concentrations in the boundary layer over the major source regions. The largest percentage contributions to CO and O-3 levels ( up to 40% and 30%, respectively) over the western Pacific are in the lower free troposphere ( 2 6 km).
C1 Frontier Res Syst Global Change, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2360001, Japan.
Univ Iowa, Dept Chem & Biochem Engn, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
Univ Iowa, Ctr Global & Reg Environm Res, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
Argonne Natl Lab, Decis & Informat Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
Univ New Hampshire, Inst Study Earth Oceans & Space, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
RP Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Atmospher Phys, State Key Lab Atmospher Boundary Layer Phys & Atm, Beijing, Peoples R China.
EM mgzhang@mail.iap.ac.cn; iuno@riam.kyushu-u.ac.jp;
gcarmich@icaen.uiowa.edu; akimoto@jamstec.go.jp;
zifawang@mail.iap.ac.cn; ytang@cgrer.uiowa.edu; woojh21@cgrer.uiowa.edu;
dstreets@anl.gov; g.w.sachse@larc.nasa.gov; m.a.avery@larc.nasa.gov;
rweber@eas.gatech.edu; robert.talbot@unh.edu
RI Wang, Zifa/B-5192-2008; Wang, ZF/D-7202-2012; Wang, Zifa/B-5799-2011;
Tang, Youhua/D-5205-2016
OI Wang, ZF/0000-0002-7062-6012; Tang, Youhua/0000-0001-7089-7915
NR 46
TC 48
Z9 60
U1 1
U2 11
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD NOV 4
PY 2003
VL 108
IS D21
AR 8820
DI 10.1029/2002JD002946
PG 19
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 742GA
UT WOS:000186508000002
ER
PT J
AU Newsom, HE
Barber, CA
Hare, TM
Schelble, RT
Sutherland, VA
Feldman, WC
AF Newsom, HE
Barber, CA
Hare, TM
Schelble, RT
Sutherland, VA
Feldman, WC
TI Paleolakes and impact basins in southern Arabia Terra, including
Meridiani Planum: Implications for the formation of hematite deposits on
Mars
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS
LA English
DT Article
DE Mars; hematite; flubial channels; lacustrine basins; impact basins; Mars
Exploration Rovers
ID NEAR-SURFACE; GLOBAL DISTRIBUTION; SINUS-MERIDIANI; WESTERN ARABIA;
WATER; ICE; CRATERS; MARGARITIFER; HYDROGEN; ODYSSEY
AB [1] The hematite deposit in Meridiani Planum was selected for a Mars Exploration Rover (MER) landing site because water could be involved in the formation of hematite, and water is a key ingredient in the search for life. Our discovery of a chain of paleolake basins and channels along the southern margin of the hematite deposits in Meridiani Planum with the presence of the strongest hematite signature adjacent to a paleolake basin, supports the possible role of water in the formation of the hematite and the deposition of other layered materials in the region. The hematite may have formed by direct precipitation from lake water, as coatings precipitated from groundwater, or by oxidation of preexisting iron oxide minerals. The paleolake basins were fed by an extensive channel system, originating from an area larger than Texas and located south of the Schiaparelli impact basin. On the basis of stratigraphic relationships, the formation of channels in the region occurred over much of Mars' history, from before the layered materials in Meridiani Planum were deposited until recently. The location of the paleolake basins and channels is connected with the impact cratering history of the region. The earliest structure identified in this study is an ancient circular multiringed basin (800-1600 km diameter) that underlies the entire Meridiani Planum region. The MER landing site is located on the buried northern rim of a later 150 km diameter crater. This crater is partially filled with layered deposits that contained a paleolake in its southern portion.
C1 Univ New Mexico, Inst Meteorit, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
Univ New Mexico, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
US Geol Survey, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Newsom, HE (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Inst Meteorit, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
NR 40
TC 24
Z9 25
U1 3
U2 4
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0148-0227
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-PLANET
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Planets
PD NOV 4
PY 2003
VL 108
IS E12
AR 8075
DI 10.1029/2002JE001993
PG 12
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 742HB
UT WOS:000186510400001
ER
PT J
AU Tuan, AC
Kaspar, TC
Droubay, T
Rogers, JW
Chambers, SA
AF Tuan, AC
Kaspar, TC
Droubay, T
Rogers, JW
Chambers, SA
TI Band offsets for the epitaxial TiO2/SrTiO3/Si(001) system
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID DOPED TIO2 ANATASE; RAY PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; SRTIO3/SI(001)
HETEROJUNCTIONS; PRECISE DETERMINATION; GROWTH
AB We have used x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy with high energy resolution to determine band discontinuities at the two buried interfaces of the epitaxial TiO2 (anatase)/SrTiO3/Si(001) system. The valence band offsets are -2.1+/-0.1 eV and +0.2+/-0.1 eV at the SrTiO3/Si and TiO2/SrTiO3 heterojunctions, respectively. Assuming bulk band gaps for the SrTiO3 and TiO2 epitaxial films, the associated conduction band offsets are +0.1+/-0.1 eV and +0.1+/-0.1 eV. Si at the interface is in a flatband state, indicating a very low density of electronic states. These results suggest that spin-polarized electron injection from ferromagnetic Co-doped TiO2 anatase into Si should be facile. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics.
C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental Sci Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Tuan, AC (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental Sci Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RI Droubay, Tim/D-5395-2016
OI Droubay, Tim/0000-0002-8821-0322
NR 16
TC 50
Z9 50
U1 0
U2 16
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD NOV 3
PY 2003
VL 83
IS 18
BP 3734
EP 3736
DI 10.1063/1.1625113
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 737XD
UT WOS:000186256300030
ER
PT J
AU Lee, KS
Kim, SK
Kortright, JB
AF Lee, KS
Kim, SK
Kortright, JB
TI Atomic-scale depth selectivity of soft x-ray resonant Kerr effect
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID ULTRATHIN-FILM STRUCTURE; SENSITIVITY; INTERFACE; FE
AB By the use of resonant soft x-ray Kerr rotation measurements with its varying incident angle and energy, we observed various shifts of the exchange bias field of a 3.5-nm-thick Co layer in oppositely exchange-biased Ni81Fe19/Fe50Mn50/Co/Pd films. The results in conjunction with their model simulations clearly reveal that the measurements enable one to resolve varying magnetization with depth in the individual magnetic layers of such a multicomponent ultrathin layered structure on the atomic scales. Significant interference effects combined with penetration depth of resonant soft x rays, which are closely associated with their absorptive and refractive contributions, offer remarkably different depth sensitivities into the Kerr effects depending on grazing angle and resonance energy. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics.
C1 Seoul Natl Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Nanospintron Lab, Coll Engn, Seoul 151744, South Korea.
Seoul Natl Univ, Coll Engn, Res Inst Adv Mat, Seoul 151744, South Korea.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Kim, SK (reprint author), Seoul Natl Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Nanospintron Lab, Coll Engn, Seoul 151744, South Korea.
RI Kim, Sang-Koog/J-4638-2014
NR 13
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD NOV 3
PY 2003
VL 83
IS 18
BP 3764
EP 3766
DI 10.1063/1.1622123
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 737XD
UT WOS:000186256300040
ER
PT J
AU Devarakonda, S
Harp, JM
Kim, Y
Ozyhar, A
Rastinejad, F
AF Devarakonda, S
Harp, JM
Kim, Y
Ozyhar, A
Rastinejad, F
TI Structure of the heterodimeric ecdysone receptor DNA-binding complex
SO EMBO JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE ecdysone; EcR; nuclear receptor; RXR; USP
ID RETINOID-X-RECEPTOR; SEQUENTIAL GENE ACTIVATION; NUCLEAR-RECEPTOR;
RESPONSE ELEMENT; DIRECT REPEATS; DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER;
GLUCOCORTICOID RECEPTOR; ECDYSTEROID RECEPTOR; POLYTENE CHROMOSOMES;
COOPERATIVE BINDING
AB Ecdysteroids initiate molting and metamorphosis in insects via a heterodimeric receptor consisting of the ecdysone receptor (EcR) and ultraspiracle (USP). The EcR-USP heterodimer preferentially mediates transcription through highly degenerate pseudo-palindromic response elements, resembling inverted repeats of 5'-AGGTCA-3' separated by 1 bp (IR-1). The requirement for a heterodimeric arrangement of EcR-USP subunits to bind to a symmetric DNA is unusual within the nuclear receptor superfamily. We describe the 2.24 Angstrom structure of the EcR-USP DNA-binding domain (DBD) heterodimer bound to an idealized IR-1 element. EcR and USP use similar surfaces, and rely on the deformed minor groove of the DNA to establish protein-protein contacts. As retinoid X receptor (RXR) is the mammalian homolog of USP, we also solved the 2.60 Angstrom crystal structure of the EcR-RXR DBD heterodimer on IR-1 and found the dimerization and DNA-binding interfaces to be the same as in the EcR-USP complex. Sequence alignments indicate that the EcR-RXR heterodimer is an important model for understanding how the FXR-RXR heterodimer binds to IR-1 sites.
C1 Univ Virginia Hlth Syst, Dept Pharmacol, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA.
Univ Virginia Hlth Syst, Dept Mol Genet & Biochem, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA.
Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Struct Biol Ctr, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
Wroclaw Univ Technol, Div Biochem, Inst Organ Chem Biochem & Biotechnol, PL-50370 Wroclaw, Poland.
RP Rastinejad, F (reprint author), Univ Virginia Hlth Syst, Dept Pharmacol, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA.
FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM55217, R01 GM055217]
NR 67
TC 51
Z9 61
U1 0
U2 6
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0261-4189
J9 EMBO J
JI Embo J.
PD NOV 3
PY 2003
VL 22
IS 21
BP 5827
EP 5840
DI 10.1093/emboj/cdg569
PG 14
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology
GA 741FP
UT WOS:000186448300016
PM 14592980
ER
PT J
AU Alam, TM
Fan, HY
AF Alam, TM
Fan, HY
TI Investigation of templated mesoporous silicate thin films using high
speed, solid-state H-1 MAS and double quantum NMR Spectroscopy
SO MACROMOLECULAR CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE double-quantum NMR; self-assembly; self organization; solid-state H-1
MAS NMR; thin films
ID H-1-NMR SPECTROSCOPY; HYDROGEN-BONDS; SURFACTANT; RESOLUTION; ZEOLITES;
ORGANIZATION; CRYSTALS; POLYMER; H-ZSM-5
AB Two-dimensional DQ H-1 MAS NMR has been used the investigate the local structure of a surfactant-templated silicate thin film prepared from adding 4% polyoxyethylene(10) cetyl ether to an acidic TEOS silica sol. A close spatial contact between the surfactant and the silicate present in these materials could be demonstrated, while the high sensitivity of the NMR experiments allowed systems with limited amounts of material to be investigated. The detected inorganic-organic interactions in these materials provide additional information into the chemical processes occurring during the self-assembly process and the formation of meso-structured materials.
C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Organ Mat, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
Adv Mat Lab, Dept Chem Synth & Nanomat, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA.
RP Alam, TM (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Organ Mat, MS 0888, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
NR 29
TC 27
Z9 27
U1 1
U2 4
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 1022-1352
J9 MACROMOL CHEM PHYSIC
JI Macromol. Chem. Phys.
PD NOV 3
PY 2003
VL 204
IS 16
BP 2023
EP 2030
DI 10.1002/macp.200350056
PG 8
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA 743LU
UT WOS:000186573900014
ER
EF