FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Sanchez, R Loaiza, D Brunson, G Kimpland, R AF Sanchez, R Loaiza, D Brunson, G Kimpland, R TI Critical experiments with highly enriched uranium and matrix elements (Si, Mg, Al, Gd, and Fe) SO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article AB Scientists at the Los Alamos National Laboratory measured the critical masses of square prisms of highly enriched uranium diluted in various X/U-235 with matrix material and polyethylene. The configuration cores were 22.86 and 45.72 cm square and were reflected with 8.13-cm-thick and 10.16-cm-thick side polyethylene reflectors, respectively. The configurations had 10.16-cm-thick top and bottom polyethylene reflectors. For some configurations, the Rossi-alpha, which is an eigenvalue characteristic for a particular configuration, was measured to establish a reactivity scale based on the degree of subcriticality. These experiments provided critical mass data in the thermal energy range for systems containing Si, Mg, Al, Gd, and Fe. The measured k(eff) from these experiments was compared with the calculated k(eff) from MCNP using ENDF/B-V and ENDF/B-VI cross-section data. The observed biases were +0.005 Deltak and +0.008 Deltak for Si, +0.0006 Deltak and +0.008 Deltak for Al, +0.0023 Deltak for Mg, +0.004 Deltak and +0.01304 Deltak for Gd, and +0.0123 Deltak and -0.00106 Deltak for Fe. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Sanchez, R (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS-J562, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. EM rsanchez@lanl.gov NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5639 J9 NUCL SCI ENG JI Nucl. Sci. Eng. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 147 IS 3 BP 307 EP 318 PG 12 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 837UU UT WOS:000222667300007 ER PT J AU MacDonald, PE Lee, CB AF MacDonald, PE Lee, CB TI Use of thoria-urania fuels in PWRs: A general review of a NERI project to assess feasible core designs, economics, fabrication methods, in-pile thermal/mechanical behavior, and waste form characteristics SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE thorium fuel; light water reactors; thoria-urania fuel AB This paper provides an introduction to and a summary of the remaining papers in this issue of Nuclear Technology. The papers in this issue present the important results from a U.S. Department of Energy-sponsored Nuclear Engineering Research Initiative (NERI) project to study the efficacy of the thorium-uranium dioxide (ThO2-UO2) once-through fuel cycle in current light water reactors. The project addressed fuel cycle neutronics and economics; ThO2-UO2 fuel manufacturing; the in-pile thermal/mechanical behavior of ThO2-UO2 fuel during normal, off-normal, and accident conditions; and the long-term stability of ThO2-UO2 waste. Results from this work show that a small-scale separation of the uranium and thorium will enhance the fuel reactivity and achievable burnup from uranium-thorium dioxide fuels. Under conditions that meet the thermal requirements in present pressurized water reactors (PWRs), a properly designed microheterogeneous fuel will have more reactivity than all-uranium fuel, and the overall production of plutonium is significantly reduced. The use of thorium as a host for actinide fuels when PWRs are used for actinide transmutation was also explored. It was also determined that there were no fundamental obstacles to converting the current plants that manufacture uranium oxide-only fuel to a mixed ThO2-UO2 fuel. Also, the in-service and transient thermal and mechanical performance of homogeneous ThO2UO2-based fuels with respect to safety is generally equal to or better than that of all-uranium fuel. Furthermore, a mixed thorium-uranium dioxide spent fuel appears to be a much more stable waste form than uranium oxide spent fuel. C1 Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. Korea Atom Energy Res Inst, Taejon 305600, South Korea. RP MacDonald, PE (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM pem@inel.gov NR 10 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5450 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 147 IS 1 BP 1 EP 7 PG 7 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 838JA UT WOS:000222708300001 ER PT J AU Shwageraus, E Zhao, XF Driscoll, MJ Hejzlar, P Kazimi, MS Herring, JS AF Shwageraus, E Zhao, XF Driscoll, MJ Hejzlar, P Kazimi, MS Herring, JS TI Microheterogeneous thoria-urania fuels for pressurized water reactors SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE thorium fuels; reactor physics; PWRs AB A thorium-based fuel cycle for light water reactors will reduce the plutonium generation rate and enhance the proliferation resistance of the spent fuel. However, priming the thorium cycle with U-235 is necessary, and the U-235 fraction in the uranium must be limited to below 20% to minimize proliferation concerns. Thus, a once-through thorium-uranium dioxide (ThO2-UO2)fuel cycle of no less than 25% uranium becomes necessary for normal pressurized water reactor (PWR) operating cycle lengths. Spatial separation of the uranium and thorium parts of the fuel can improve the achievable burnup of the thorium-uranium fuel designs through more effective breeding of U-233 from the Th-232. Focus is on microheterogeneous fuel designs for PWRs, where the spatial separation of the uranium and thorium is on the order of a few millimetres to a few centimetres, including duplex pellet, axially microheterogeneous fuel, and a checker-board of uranium and thorium pins. A special effort was made to understand the underlying reactor physics mechanisms responsible for enhancing the achievable burnup at spatial separation of the two fuels. The neutron spectral shift was identified as the primary reason for the enhancement of burnup capabilities. Mutual resonance shielding of uranium and thorium is also a factor; however, it is small in magnitude. It is shown that the microheterogeneous fuel can achieve higher burnups, by up to 15%, than the reference all-uranium fuel. However, denaturing of the U-235 in the thorium portion of the fuel with small amounts of uranium significantly impairs this enhancement The denaturing is also necessary to meet conventional PWR thermal limits by improving the power share of the thorium region at the beginning of fuel irradiation. Meeting thermal-hydraulic design requirements by some of the microheterogeneous fuels while still meeting or exceeding the burnup of the all-uranium case is shown to be potentially feasible. However, the large power imbalance between the uranium and thorium regions creates several design challenges, such as higher fission gas release and cladding temperature gradients. A reduction of plutonium generation by a factor of 3 in comparison with all-uranium PWR fuel using the same initial U-235 content was estimated. In contrast to homogeneously mixed U-Th fuel, microheterogeneous fuel has a potential for economic performance comparable to the all-UO2 fuel provided that the microheterogeneous fuel incremental manufacturing costs are negligibly small. C1 MIT, Ctr Adv Nucl Energy Syst, Dept Nucl Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Shwageraus, E (reprint author), MIT, Ctr Adv Nucl Energy Syst, Dept Nucl Engn, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM kazimi@mit.edu RI Shwageraus, Eugene/D-5189-2012 OI Shwageraus, Eugene/0000-0002-7309-4920 NR 23 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5450 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 147 IS 1 BP 20 EP 36 PG 17 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 838JA UT WOS:000222708300003 ER PT J AU Herring, JS MacDonald, PE Weaver, KD AF Herring, JS MacDonald, PE Weaver, KD TI Thorium-based transmuter fuels for light water reactors SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE transmutation; thorium fuels; inert-matrix fuels AB A light water reactor (LWR) fuel cycle is proposed where the reactor core mainly consists of standard uranium-dioxide (UO2) fuel rods with typical U-235 enrichment, along with thoria-urania (ThO2-UO2) or yttria-stablized zirconia fertile-free fuel rods containing the plutonium and minor actinides typical of 30-yr old UO2 fuel in 1/9 to 1/3 of the positions. The goals of this mono-recycling strategy or "twice through fuel cycle" are to transmute the great majority of the long lived actinides in existing LWRs and to discharge a fuel form that is a very robust waste form and whose isotopic content is very proliferation resistant. The incorporation of plutonium into a ThO2 or yttria-stablized zirconia fertile-free matrix results in the consumption of already-separated plutonium without breeding significant additional Pu-239. The minor actinides (i.e., neptunium, americium, curium, berkelium, californium, etc.) are also included in the ThO2 or fertile-free transmuter fuel rods to further reduce the overall long-term radiotoxicity of the fuel cycle. Our analyses have shown that thorium-based or fertile-free fuels can reduce the amount of Pu-239 needing further transmutation or going to a repository by similar to90%. Also, thorium-based fuels produce a mixture of plutonium isotopes high in Pu-238. Because of the high decay heat and spontaneous neutron generation of Pu-238, this isotope provides intrinsic proliferation resistance. C1 Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Herring, JS (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM sth@inel.gov NR 10 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5450 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 147 IS 1 BP 84 EP 101 PG 18 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 838JA UT WOS:000222708300007 ER PT J AU Long, Y Siefken, LJ Hejzlar, P Loewen, EP Hohorst, JK MacDonald, PE Kazimi, MS AF Long, Y Siefken, LJ Hejzlar, P Loewen, EP Hohorst, JK MacDonald, PE Kazimi, MS TI The behavior of ThO2-based fuel rods during normal operation and transient events in LWRs SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE thorium fuel performance; thorium fuel safety; advanced LWR fuel ID ACCIDENT CONDITIONS AB The thermal, mechanical, and chemical behavior of both thorium and uranium dioxide (ThO2-UO2) and thorium and plutonium dioxide (ThO2-PuO2)-based fuels during in-service and hypothetical accident conditions in light water reactors (LWRs) is described. These fuels offer the possibility for increased proliferation resistance and a reduction in the stockpile of weapons-grade and reactor-grade PuO2 as well as being a more stable waste form. The behavior is described for three different designs of ThO2-based fuels: a homogeneous mixture of ThO2-UO2, a microheterogeneous arrangement of the ThO2 and UO2, and a homogeneous mixture of ThO2-PuO2. The behavior was calculated with widely known LWR analysis tools extended for ThO2-based fuels: (a) MATPRO for calculating material properties, (b) FRAPCON-3 for calculating in-service fuel temperature and fission-gas release, (c) VIPRE-01 for calculating the possibility for departure from nucleate boiling, (d) HEATING7 for calculating in-service two-dimensional temperature distributions in microheterogeneous fuel, (e) SCDAP/RELAP5-3D for calculating the transient reactor system behavior and fuel behavior during loss-of-coolant accidents, and (f) FRAP-T6 for calculating the vulnerability of the cladding to cracking due to swelling of the fuel during hypothetical reactivity-initiated accidents. The analytical tools accounted for the following differences in ThO2-based fuels relative to 100% UO2 fuel: (a) higher thermal conductivity, lower density and volumetric heat capacity, less thermal expansion, and higher melting point; (b) higher fission-gas production for U-233 fission than U-235 fission, but a lower gas diffusion coefficient in the ThO2 than in the UO2; (c) less plutonium accumulation at the rim of the fuel pellets; (d) greater decay heat; (e) microheterogeneous arrangement of fuel; and (f) more-negative moderator temperature and Doppler coefficients and a smaller delayed-neutron fraction. The newly developed models for ThO2 were checked against data from the light water breeder reactor program. Calculations by these analytical tools indicate that the in-service and transient performance of homogeneous ThO2-UO2-based fuels with respect to safety is generally equal to or better than that of 100% UO2 fuel. The in-service and transient temperatures in the most promising neutronic design of microheterogeneous ThO2-UO2-based fuel are greater than the temperatures in 100% UO2 fuel but are still within normal LWR safety limits. The reactor kinetics parameters for ThO2-PuO2-based fuel cause a higher transient reactor power for some postulated accidents, but in general, the margin of safety for ThO2-PuO2 fuels is equal to or greater than that in 100% UO2 fuels. C1 MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Long, Y (reprint author), MIT, 77 Massachusetts Ave,Room 24-215, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM kazimi@mit.edu NR 45 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5450 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 147 IS 1 BP 120 EP 139 PG 20 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 838JA UT WOS:000222708300010 ER PT J AU Demkowicz, PA Jerden, JL Cunnane, JC Shibuya, N Baney, R Tulenko, J AF Demkowicz, PA Jerden, JL Cunnane, JC Shibuya, N Baney, R Tulenko, J TI Aqueous dissolution of urania-thoria nuclear fuel SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE aqueous dissolution; urania-thoria fuel; spent-fuel disposal ID GRAIN-BOUNDARY DIFFUSION; THO2-UO2 SOLID SOLUTION; ELEVATED-TEMPERATURES; WATER REACTORS; DIOXIDE; CORROSION; BEHAVIOR; LATTICE AB The aqueous dissolution of irradiated and unirradiated uranium-thorium dioxide, (U, Th)O-2, fuel pellets in Yucca Mountain well water has been investigated. Whole and crushed pellets were reacted at 25 and 90degreesC for periods of up to 195 days. The fuel dissolution was measured by analyzing the concentrations of soluble uranium, thorium, and important fission products (Cs-137, (TC)-T-99, Np-237, Pu-239, Pu-240, and Am-241) in the well water. The surface-area-normalized fractional uranium release rates for unirradiated crushed uranium dioxide (UO2) pellets were 10 to 40 times higher than the values for (U,Th)O-2 fuel. Similarly, the dissolution rates of irradiated (U, Th)O-2 pellets with compositions ranging from 2.0 to 5.2% UO2 were at least two orders of magnitude lower than reported literature values for pure UO2. These results demonstrate an advantage of (U, Th) O-2 over UO2 in terms of matrix dissolution in groundwater and suggest that (U, Th)O-2 fuel is a more stable long-term waste form than conventional UO2 fuel. C1 Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem Engn, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Nucl & Radiol Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Demkowicz, PA (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, MS 3860,2525 N Fremont Ave, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM demkpa@inel.gov NR 27 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5450 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 147 IS 1 BP 157 EP 170 PG 14 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 838JA UT WOS:000222708300013 ER PT J AU Bailey, SM Brenneman, MA Goodwin, EH AF Bailey, SM Brenneman, MA Goodwin, EH TI Frequent recombination in telomeric DNA may extend the proliferative life of telomerase-negative cells SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID DEPENDENT PROTEIN-KINASE; IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION; POLY(ADP-RIBOSE) POLYMERASE; HOMOLOGOUS RECOMBINATION; HUMAN-CHROMOSOMES; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; IONIZING-RADIATION; IMMORTALIZED CELLS; REPAIR; MAINTENANCE AB For cells on the path to carcinogenesis, the key to unlimited growth potential lies in overcoming the steady loss of telomeric sequence commonly referred to as the 'end-replication problem' that occurs with each cell division. Most human tumors have reactivated telomerase, a specialized reverse transcriptase, that directs RNA-templated addition of telomeric repeats on to chromosomal termini. However, similar to10% of tumors maintain their telomeres through a recombination-based mechanism, termed alternative lengthening of telomeres or ALT. Here we demonstrate that telomeric DNA undergoes a high rate of a particular type of recombination visualized cytogenetically as sister chromatid exchange (SCE), and that this rate is dependent on genotype. A novel model of ALT is presented in which it is argued that telomeric exchanges, if they are unequal and occur at a sufficiently high frequency, will allow cells to proliferate indefinitely without polymerase-mediated extension of telomeric sequence. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Colorado State Univ, Dept Environm & Radiol Hlth Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Univ New Mexico, Sch Med, Dept Mol Genet & Microbiol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Dept Genet, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. RP Goodwin, EH (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, MS M888, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM egoodwin@lanl.gov FU NCI NIH HHS [CA43322, CA77693, R01 CA043322, R01 CA077693] NR 59 TC 147 Z9 153 U1 1 U2 7 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-1048 J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES JI Nucleic Acids Res. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 32 IS 12 BP 3743 EP 3751 DI 10.1093/nar/gkh691 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 846UI UT WOS:000223341900024 PM 15258249 ER PT J AU Frazer, KA Pachter, L Poliakov, A Rubin, EM Dubchak, I AF Frazer, KA Pachter, L Poliakov, A Rubin, EM Dubchak, I TI VISTA: computational tools for comparative genomics SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID DNA-SEQUENCE ALIGNMENTS; FACTOR-BINDING SITES; NONCODING SEQUENCES; REGULATORY ELEMENT; MULTIPLE ALIGNMENT; KINESIN-II; MOUSE; GENES; RAT AB Comparison of DNA sequences from different species is a fundamental method for identifying functional elements in genomes. Here, we describe the VISTA family of tools created to assist biologists in carrying out this task. Our first VISTA server at http://www-gsd.lbl.gov/vista/ was launched in the summer of 2000 and was designed to align long genomic sequences and visualize these alignments with associated functional annotations. Currently the VISTA site includes multiple comparative genomics tools and provides users with rich capabilities to browse pre-computed whole-genome alignments of large vertebrate genomes and other groups of organisms with VISTA Browser, to submit their own sequences of interest to several VISTA servers for various types of comparative analysis and to obtain detailed comparative analysis results for a set of cardiovascular genes. We illustrate capabilities of the VISTA site by the analysis of a 180 kb interval on human chromosome 5 that encodes for the kinesin family member 3A (KIF3A) protein. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Gen Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Perlegen Sci Inc, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Math, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Dept Energy Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA. RP Dubchak, I (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Gen Div, MS 84-171, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM ildubchak@lbl.gov NR 34 TC 595 Z9 601 U1 4 U2 19 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-1048 J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES JI Nucleic Acids Res. PD JUL 1 PY 2004 VL 32 SU 2 BP W273 EP W279 DI 10.1093/nar/gkh458 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 832NB UT WOS:000222273100056 PM 15215394 ER PT J AU Guo, JT Ellrott, K Chung, WJ Xu, D Passovets, S Xu, Y AF Guo, JT Ellrott, K Chung, WJ Xu, D Passovets, S Xu, Y TI PROSPECT-PSPP: an automatic computational pipeline for protein structure prediction SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID GENOME-SCALE; CLASSIFICATION; DATABASE; PROGRAM; DESIGN AB Knowledge of the detailed structure of a protein is crucial to our understanding of the biological functions of that protein. The gap between the number of solved protein structures and the number of protein sequences continues to widen rapidly in the post-genomics era due to long and expensive processes for solving structures experimentally. Computational prediction of structures from amino acid sequence has come to play a key role in narrowing the gap and has been successful in providing useful information for the biological research community. We have developed a prediction pipeline, PROSPECT-PSPP, an integration of multiple computational tools, for fully automated protein structure prediction. The pipeline consists of tools for (i) preprocessing of protein sequences, which includes signal peptide prediction, protein type prediction (membrane or soluble) and protein domain partition, (ii) secondary structure prediction, (iii) fold recognition and (iv) atomic structural model generation. The centerpiece of the pipeline is our threading-based program PROSPECT. The pipeline is implemented using SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol), which makes it easier to share our tools and resources. The pipeline has an easy-to-use user interface and is implemented on a 64-node dual processor Linux cluster. It can be used for genome-scale protein structure prediction. The pipeline is accessible at http://csbl.bmb.uga.edu/protein_pipeline. C1 Univ Georgia, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Athens, GA 30606 USA. Univ Missouri, Dept Comp Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Biol Inst, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Xu, Y (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Athens, GA 30606 USA. EM xyn@bmb.uga.edu OI Ellrott, Kyle/0000-0002-6573-5900 NR 17 TC 9 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-1048 J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES JI Nucleic Acids Res. PD JUL 1 PY 2004 VL 32 SU 2 BP W522 EP W525 DI 10.1093/nar/gkh414 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 832NB UT WOS:000222273100103 PM 15215441 ER PT J AU Loots, GG Ovcharenko, I AF Loots, GG Ovcharenko, I TI rVISTA 2.0: evolutionary analysis of transcription factor binding sites SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID GENOME; SEQUENCE AB Identifying and characterizing the transcription factor binding site (TFBS) patterns of cis-regulatory elements represents a challenge, but holds promise to reveal the regulatory language the genome uses to dictate transcriptional dynamics. Several studies have demonstrated that regulatory modules are under positive selection and, therefore, are often conserved between related species. Using this evolutionary principle, we have created a comparative tool, rVISTA, for analyzing the regulatory potential of noncoding sequences. Our ability to experimentally identify functional noncoding sequences is extremely limited, therefore, rVISTA attempts to fill this great gap in genomic analysis by offering a powerful approach for eliminating TFBSs least likely to be biologically relevant. The rVISTA tool combines TFBS predictions, sequence comparisons and cluster analysis to identify noncoding DNA regions that are evolutionarily conserved and present in a specific configuration within genomic sequences. Here, we present the newly developed version 2.0 of the rVISTA tool, which can process alignments generated by both the zPicture and blastz alignment programs or use pre-computed pairwise alignments of several vertebrate genomes available from the ECR Browser and GALA database. The rVISTA web server is closely interconnected with the TRANSFAC database, allowing users to either search for matrices present in the TRANSFAC library collection or search for user-defined consensus sequences. The rVISTA tool is publicly available at http://rvista.dcode.org/. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, EEBI Comp Div, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Genome Biol Div, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Ovcharenko, I (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, EEBI Comp Div, 7000 East Ave,L-441, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM loots1@llnl.gov; ovcharenko1@llnl.gov RI Phelps, Steve/H-2263-2011 NR 12 TC 266 Z9 275 U1 0 U2 7 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-1048 J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES JI Nucleic Acids Res. PD JUL 1 PY 2004 VL 32 SU 2 BP W217 EP W221 DI 10.1093/nar/gkh383 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 832NB UT WOS:000222273100046 PM 15215384 ER PT J AU O'Connor, BD Yeates, TO AF O'Connor, BD Yeates, TO TI GDAP: a web tool for genome-wide protein disulfide bond prediction SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH LA English DT Article AB The Genomic Disulfide Analysis Program (GDAP) provides web access to computationally predicted protein disulfide bonds for over one hundred microbial genomes, including both bacterial and achaeal species. In the GDAP process, sequences of unknown structure are mapped, when possible, to known homologous Protein Data Bank (PDB) structures, after which specific distance criteria are applied to predict disulfide bonds. GDAP also accepts user-supplied protein sequences and subsequently queries the PDB sequence database for the best matches, scans for possible disulfide bonds and returns the results to the client. These predictions are useful for a variety of applications and have previously been used to show a dramatic preference in certain thermophilic archaea and bacteria for disulfide bonds within intracellular proteins. Given the central role these stabilizing, covalent bonds play in such organisms, the predictions available from GDAP provide a rich data source for designing site-directed mutants with more stable thermal profiles. The GDAP web application is a gateway to this information and can be used to understand the role disulfide bonds play in protein stability both in these unusual organisms and in sequences of interest to the individual researcher. The prediction server can be accessed at http://www.doe-mbi.ucla.edu/Services/GDAP. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, DOE, Inst Gen & Proteo, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Mol Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Chem & Biochem, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Yeates, TO (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, DOE, Inst Gen & Proteo, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. EM yeates@mbi.ucla.edu OI Yeates, Todd/0000-0001-5709-9839 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [T32 GM007185] NR 11 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-1048 J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES JI Nucleic Acids Res. PD JUL 1 PY 2004 VL 32 SU 2 BP W360 EP W364 DI 10.1093/nar/gkh376 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 832NB UT WOS:000222273100073 PM 15215411 ER PT J AU Ovcharenko, I Nobrega, MA Loots, GG Stubbs, L AF Ovcharenko, I Nobrega, MA Loots, GG Stubbs, L TI ECR Browser: a tool for visualizing and accessing data from comparisons of multiple vertebrate genomes SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID SEQUENCE ALIGNMENTS; BINDING SITES; DNA; REGIONS; IDENTIFICATION; CONSERVATION; CLUSTERS AB With an increasing number of vertebrate genomes being sequenced in draft or finished form, unique opportunities for decoding the language of DNA sequence through comparative genome alignments have arisen. However, novel tools and strategies are required to accommodate this large volume of genomic information and to facilitate the transfer of predictions generated by comparative sequence alignment to researchers focused on experimental annotation of genome function. Here, we present the ECR Browser, a tool that provides easy and dynamic access to whole genome alignments of human, mouse, rat and fish sequences. This web-based tool (http://ecrbrowser.dcode.org) provides the starting point for discovery of novel genes, identification of distant gene regulatory elements and prediction of transcription factor binding sites. The genome alignment portal of the ECR Browser also permits fast and automated alignments of any user-submitted sequence to the genome of choice. The interconnection of the ECR Browser with other DNA sequence analysis tools creates a unique portal for studying and exploring vertebrate genomes. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Genome Biol Div, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Energy Environm Biol & Inst Comp, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Genome Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Ovcharenko, I (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Genome Biol Div, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM ovcharenko1@llnl.gov; stubbs5@llnl.gov OI Stubbs, Lisa/0000-0002-9556-1972 NR 31 TC 271 Z9 280 U1 2 U2 8 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-1048 J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES JI Nucleic Acids Res. PD JUL 1 PY 2004 VL 32 SU 2 BP W280 EP W286 DI 10.1093/nar/gkh355 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 832NB UT WOS:000222273100057 PM 15215395 ER PT J AU Sharan, R Ben-Hur, A Loots, GG Ovcharenko, I AF Sharan, R Ben-Hur, A Loots, GG Ovcharenko, I TI CREME: Cis-Regulatory Module Explorer for the human genome SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE; GENE-EXPRESSION; IDENTIFICATION; SEQUENCES; SITES AB The binding of transcription factors to specific regulatory sequence elements is a primary mechanism for controlling gene transcription. Eukaryotic genes are often regulated by several transcription factors whose binding sites are tightly clustered and form cis-regulatory modules. In this paper, we present a web server, CREME, for identifying and visualizing cis-regulatory modules in the promoter regions of a given set of potentially co-regulated genes. CREME relies on a database of putative transcription factor binding sites that have been annotated across the human genome using a library of position weight matrices and evolutionary conservation with the mouse and rat genomes. A search algorithm is applied to this data set to identify combinations of transcription factors whose binding sites tend to co-occur in close proximity in the promoter regions of the input gene set. The identified cis-regulatory modules are statistically scored and significant combinations are reported and graphically visualized. Our web server is available at http://creme.dcode.org. C1 Int Comp Sci Inst, Berkeley, CA 94704 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Biochem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, EEBI Div, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Genome Biol Div, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Sharan, R (reprint author), Int Comp Sci Inst, 1947 Ctr St, Berkeley, CA 94704 USA. EM roded@icsi.berkeley.edu; ovcharenko1@lnl.gov NR 17 TC 39 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-1048 J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES JI Nucleic Acids Res. PD JUL 1 PY 2004 VL 32 SU 2 BP W253 EP W256 DI 10.1093/nar/gkh385 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 832NB UT WOS:000222273100052 PM 15215390 ER PT J AU Han, SH Belkin, MA Shen, YR AF Han, SH Belkin, MA Shen, YR TI Optically active second-harmonic generation from a uniaxial fluid medium SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HARMONIC-GENERATION; SPECTROSCOPY AB We have shown that optically active second-harmonic generation is allowed in a uniaxial fluid medium. A homeotropically aligned chiral smectic. A liquid crystal was used as an example. Phase matching was achievable by angle tuning. Chiral nonlinear susceptibility for the liquid crystal was deduced. The signal dropped precipitously as the sample underwent the transition from smectic-A to isotropic. (C) 2004 Optical Society of America. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Han, SH (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM shenyr@socrates.berkeley.edu RI Belkin, Mikhail/E-9041-2013 OI Belkin, Mikhail/0000-0003-3172-9462 NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD JUL 1 PY 2004 VL 29 IS 13 BP 1527 EP 1529 DI 10.1364/OL.29.001527 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 830OV UT WOS:000222133100031 PM 15259735 ER PT J AU Gorbarenko, SA Southon, JR Keigwin, LD Cherepanova, MV Gvozdeva, IG AF Gorbarenko, SA Southon, JR Keigwin, LD Cherepanova, MV Gvozdeva, IG TI Late Pleistocene-Holocene oceanographic variability in the Okhotsk Sea: geochemical, lithological and paleontological evidence SO PALAEOGEOGRAPHY PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY PALAEOECOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on High Latitude Eurasian Paleoenvironments CY MAY, 2002 CL Moscow, RUSSIA SP IGBP PAGES DE The Okhotsk Sea; paleoenvironment; Late Pleistocene; hydrological and lithodynamical oscillations ID UPPER-QUATERNARY SEDIMENTS; NORTH-ATLANTIC; NORTHWESTERN PACIFIC; OCEAN; ICE; CLIMATE; WATER; ISOTOPE; RECORD AB Sedimentary, geochemical and paleontological data, extracted from a sediment core taken from the central Okhotsk Sea, record climatic and sedimentary changes over the past 100 ky. Benthic foraminiferal oxygen isotope record and accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) 14 C data provide the basis for the core age chronology. Planktonic and benthic foraminiferal delta(18)O and delta(13)C measurements, magnetic susceptibility, ice rafted debris and coarse fraction content, carbonate and organic carbon content, and diatom and pollen spectra show major changes in regional climate, sea surface conditions, ice extent and sedimentary regime, which are correlated with the global glacial-interglacial changes of marine isotope stages (MIS) I through 5.3. Regional cooling and intensification of winter sea ice formation during the last glaciation increased the northern shelf surface water density and Sea of Okhotsk Intermediate Water (SOIW) formation. In addition to major Milankovitch-scale changes, lithological, geochemical and paleontological indices also show suborbital oscillations in Okhotsk Sea hydrology, sedimentation and regional climate. These shorter-term oscillations are characterized by coupled maxima in ice rafted debris and sediment coarse fraction (lithodynamic indices, LDI) values and most are associated with cold events involving enhanced winter ice formation and intensification of SOIW and North Pacific intermediate water (NPIW) formation. The terminations of LDI maxima were induced by climate warming and reductions in ice formation, and were accompanied by sharp decreases in planktonic foraminiferal delta(18)O. During the glacial terminations of MIS 2 and 4, however, the onset of suborbital-scale LDI maxima occurs close to sharp negative delta(18)O shifts in planktonic foraminifera (delta(18)Opf) associated with climate warming. In these special cases, the LDI maxima occurred under warm climate and rising sea levels and did not lead to increases in SOIW or NPIW ventilation. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Russian Acad Sci, Pacific Oceanol Inst, Vladivostok 690041, Russia. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. FEBRAS, Inst Biol & Soil Sci, Vladivostok 690022, Russia. RP Gorbarenko, SA (reprint author), Russian Acad Sci, Pacific Oceanol Inst, Baltiysakaya St 43, Vladivostok 690041, Russia. EM gorbarenko@poi.dvo.ru; Southon1@llnl.gov; lkeigwin@whoi.edu; evolut@eastnet.febras.ru RI Cherepanova, Marina/L-3264-2016 OI Cherepanova, Marina/0000-0002-6530-0093 NR 53 TC 43 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0031-0182 J9 PALAEOGEOGR PALAEOCL JI Paleogeogr. Paleoclimatol. Paleoecol. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 209 IS 1-4 BP 281 EP 301 DI 10.1016/j.palaeo.2004.02.013 PG 21 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Paleontology SC Physical Geography; Geology; Paleontology GA 836GP UT WOS:000222544100018 ER PT J AU Ravindran, P Anand, NK Massoudi, M AF Ravindran, P Anand, NK Massoudi, M TI Steady free surface flow of a fluid-solid mixture down an inclined plane SO PARTICULATE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE continuum theory; mixtures; inclined fully developed flow; granular materials; multiphase flows ID NON-LINEAR DIFFUSION; GRANULAR-MATERIALS; CONSTITUTIVE EQUATIONS; MEDIA; LIFT AB The present work is all extension of the investigations performed by Massoudi and Anand (2001). The free surface flow problem is studied here. Numerical solutions for steady free surface flow of a solid-fluid mixture down all inclined plane are presented. The problem is formulated using the mixture theory framework. The resulting set of three coupled nonlinear differential equations is nondimensionalized. A parametric study is conducted to understand the influence of the dimensionless numbers oil the velocity, and volume fraction. The maximum fluid velocity is found to decrease with increase in the ratio of the drag force to the viscous forces within the fluid phase (D-1). The fluid phase velocity was found to decrease with increase in the ratio of the drag force to viscous force within the solid component (D-2), and the corresponding solid phase velocity was found to increase. C1 US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mech Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Massoudi, M (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, POB 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. EM massoudi@netl.doe.gov RI Ravindran, Parag/B-8363-2011 OI Ravindran, Parag/0000-0002-1379-4239 NR 30 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0272-6351 J9 PARTICUL SCI TECHNOL JI Part. Sci. Technol. PD JUL-SEP PY 2004 VL 22 IS 3 BP 253 EP 273 DI 10.1080/02726350490501529 PG 21 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 861AQ UT WOS:000224388900003 ER PT J AU Bergmann, U Groenzin, H Mullins, OC Glatzel, P Fetzer, J Cramer, SP AF Bergmann, U Groenzin, H Mullins, OC Glatzel, P Fetzer, J Cramer, SP TI X-ray Raman spectroscopy - A new tool to study local structure of aromatic hydrocarbons and asphaltenes SO PETROLEUM SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Heavy Organics Deposition CY NOV 17-21, 2002 CL Puerto Vallarta, MEXICO ID HOMO-LUMO GAP; K-EDGE; PETROLEUM ASPHALTENES; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; ABSORPTION-SPECTRA; SHAPE RESONANCES; BOND LENGTHS; SCATTERING; CARBON; NEXAFS AB Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are essential components in numerous natural and man made organic compounds. In asphaltenes, knowledge of the electronic structure of both its aromatic and aliphatic components is of crucial importance, when trying to understand and predict its macroscopic properties. Theoretical studies of complex PAHs have led to simple rules to describe their Tu electron distribution, but systematic experimental support is still needed. A novel approach to directly probe carbon type in PAHs is described here, namely the technique of X-ray Raman spectroscopy (XRS). Conventional X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) has been used for many years for element specific characterization of local structure and chemistry. However, in the soft X-ray region (relevant for light elements) its application to numerous carbonaceous systems including asphaltenes encounters problems. Most of the difficulties, including surface sensitivity and restricted sample environments, stem from the submicron path lengths of soft X-rays and/or electrons. XRS provides a means for obtaining the information content of soft X-ray absorption spectra while maintaining the experimental benefits of hard X-ray techniques (similar tomm path length). In the XRS process an incident photon is inelastically scattered and part of its energy is transferred to excite an inner shell electron into an unoccupied state. Under the dipole approximation, the resulting features are identical to the corresponding XAS spectrum. In the past, the extremely low cross-section of XRS has made this technique impractical, but intense new X-ray facilities and improvements in X-ray optics have helped to advance this unique spectroscopic tool. We have applied XRS to a series of PAHs and several asphaltenes. The results directly support the simple ideas contained in the "sextet-double bond" description of PAHs. Furthermore, we show that XRS can probe the geometrry of aromatic ring systems in asphaltenes, as well as its ratio of aromatic and aliphatic constituents. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Schlumberger Doll Res Ctr, Ridgefield, CT 06877 USA. ChevronTexaco Energy Res & Technol Co, Richmond, CA USA. RP Bergmann, U (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM ubergmann@lbl.gov RI Glatzel, Pieter/E-9958-2010; ID, BioCAT/D-2459-2012 OI Glatzel, Pieter/0000-0001-6532-8144; NR 45 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 19 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 USA SN 1091-6466 J9 PETROL SCI TECHNOL JI Pet. Sci. Technol. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 22 IS 7-8 BP 863 EP 875 DI 10.1081/LFT-120038722 PG 13 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Petroleum SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 842BO UT WOS:000222977700010 ER PT J AU Diallo, MS Strachan, A Faulon, JL Goddard, WA AF Diallo, MS Strachan, A Faulon, JL Goddard, WA TI Thermodynamic properties of asphaltenes through computer assisted structure elucidation and atomistic simulations. 1. Bulk Arabian light asphaltenes SO PETROLEUM SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Heavy Organics Deposition CY NOV 17-21, 2002 CL Puerto Vallarta, MEXICO ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; PETROLEUM ASPHALTENES; CRUDE-OIL; MODEL; SPECTROSCOPY; TEMPERATURE; EMULSIONS; STABILITY; PRESSURE; BEHAVIOR AB This article describes a new method for estimating the thermodynamic properties of asphaltenes. To illustrate this methodology, we used a computer assisted structure elucidation software (SIGNATURE) to generate an ensemble of 10 isomers for Arabian Light (AL) asphaltenes compatible with (i) analytical data from elemental analysis, FT-IR spectroscopy, 1-D H-1/C-13 solution NMR and vapor pressure osmometry and (ii) literature data on the molecular composition of asphaltenes. The 10 model isomers were packed into a 3-D periodic cell to form the condensed phase model for the fraction of bulk AL asphaltenes with a number average molar mass (M.) approximately equal to 1280 Dalton. This cell was subsequently used in molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to estimate the molar volume, density, enthalpy, specific heat at constant pressure, solubility parameter, and isothermal compressibility of the AL asphaltene fraction. The results of the MD simulations compare favorably with the available experimental data. C1 CALTECH, Beckman Inst, Mat & Proc Simulat Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Howard Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Washington, DC 20059 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Computat Biol & Evolutionary Comp Dept, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Diallo, MS (reprint author), CALTECH, Beckman Inst, Mat & Proc Simulat Ctr, MC 139-74, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. EM diallo@wag.caltech.edu; wag@wag.caltech.edu NR 35 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 5 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 USA SN 1091-6466 J9 PETROL SCI TECHNOL JI Pet. Sci. Technol. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 22 IS 7-8 BP 877 EP 899 DI 10.1081/LFT-120040254 PG 23 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Petroleum SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 842BO UT WOS:000222977700011 ER PT J AU Schmiedeshoff, GM Dulguerova, D Quan, J Touton, S Mielke, CH Christianson, AD Lacerda, AH Palm, E Hannahs, ST Murphy, T Gay, EC McPheeters, CC Thoma, DJ Hults, WL Cooley, JC Kelly, AM Hanrahan, RJ Smith, JL AF Schmiedeshoff, GM Dulguerova, D Quan, J Touton, S Mielke, CH Christianson, AD Lacerda, AH Palm, E Hannahs, ST Murphy, T Gay, EC McPheeters, CC Thoma, DJ Hults, WL Cooley, JC Kelly, AM Hanrahan, RJ Smith, JL TI Magnetotransport and superconductivity of alpha-uranium SO PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE LA English DT Article ID HIGH-FIELD SUPERCONDUCTORS; CHARGE-DENSITY-WAVE; ELECTRICAL-RESISTIVITY; TEMPERATURE; IMPURITIES; BEHAVIOR; METALS; SPIN AB We have measured the electrical resistivity, magnetoresistance and Hall effect on several new single-crystal samples and one polycrystalline sample of alpha-U. The residual resistivity ratios of these samples vary from 13 to 315. Matthiessen's law appears to hold above the onset of the charge-density wave phase transitions that begin near 43 K, but not below this temperature. Sharp features at all three charge-density wave transitions are observed and the effects of high magnetic fields on them are presented and discussed. The magnetoresistance is anisotropic, reaches 1000% at 2K and 18 T and does not exhibit Kohler scaling. The Hall coefficient is positive, independent of magnetic field and slightly temperature dependent above about 40K in agreement with earlier studies. Below 40K the Hall coefficient changes sign as the temperature falls, varies with field and becomes much more strongly negative at the lowest temperatures than has been reported. Some of our results suggest that a spin-density wave may coexist with the charge-density wave states. Superconductivity is observed in two of our samples; we argue that it is intrinsic to alpha-U and suggest that it is consistent with a two-band model. Several parameters characterizing the transport and superconductivity of alpha-U are estimated. C1 Occidental Coll, Dept Phys, Los Angeles, CA 90041 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Pulse Facil, Natl Magnet Field Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Schmiedeshoff, GM (reprint author), Occidental Coll, Dept Phys, Los Angeles, CA 90041 USA. EM gms@oxy.edu RI Hannahs, Scott/B-1274-2008; Cooley, Jason/E-4163-2013; christianson, andrew/A-3277-2016; Mielke, Charles/S-6827-2016 OI Hannahs, Scott/0000-0002-5840-7714; christianson, andrew/0000-0003-3369-5884; Mielke, Charles/0000-0002-2096-5411 NR 35 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1478-6443 J9 PHILOS MAG JI Philos. Mag. PD JUL 1 PY 2004 VL 84 IS 19 BP 2001 EP 2022 DI 10.1080/14786430410001663231 PG 22 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics GA 829EZ UT WOS:000222030300007 ER PT J AU Zhan, GD Kuntz, JD Wang, H Wang, CM Mukherjee, AK AF Zhan, GD Kuntz, JD Wang, H Wang, CM Mukherjee, AK TI Anisotropic thermal properties of single-wall-carbon-nanotube-reinforced nanoceramics SO PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ROPES; NANOCOMPOSITES; CONDUCTIVITY; GROWTH AB Dense single-wall-carbon-nanotube-(SWCNT)-reinforced alumina nanocomposites have been fabricated by a novel spark-plasma-sintering technique. Anisotropic thermal properties have been found in carbon nanotube composites. The introduction of ropes of SWCNTs gives rise to a decrease in the transverse thermal diffusivity with increasing carbon nanotube content while it does not change the in-plane thermal diffusivity. This is scientifically interesting and technologically important for the development of materials for novel thermal barrier coatings. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Enivronm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Mukherjee, AK (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM akmukherjee@ucdavis.edu RI Wang, Hsin/A-1942-2013 OI Wang, Hsin/0000-0003-2426-9867 NR 17 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 2 U2 13 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0950-0839 EI 1362-3036 J9 PHIL MAG LETT JI Philos. Mag. Lett. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 84 IS 7 BP 419 EP 423 DI 10.1080/09500830410001728345 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics GA 858ME UT WOS:000224195100001 ER PT J AU Hiratani, M Bulatov, VV AF Hiratani, M Bulatov, VV TI Solid-solution hardening by point-like obstacles of different kinds SO PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DISLOCATION GLIDE; RANDOM ARRAY; CRYSTALS; METALS; FCC AB The critical resolved shear stress (CRSS) for a dislocation percolating through penetrable obstacles with different pinning strength is derived analytically. The stability of dislocation-obstacle configurations is determined by evaluating the configurational entropy. The analytical results imply a superposition law for the concentration of pinning obstacles on the dislocation line, and a Pythagorean-type hardening rule for the CRSS when obstacle strengths are weak and nearly the same. For comparison with derived results, discrete dislocation dynamics simulations are performed for irradiated iron. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Hiratani, M (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM hiratani1@llnl.gov NR 17 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 8 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0950-0839 J9 PHIL MAG LETT JI Philos. Mag. Lett. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 84 IS 7 BP 461 EP 470 DI 10.1080/09500830410001726969 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics GA 858ME UT WOS:000224195100006 ER PT J AU Anderson, S Srajer, V Moffat, K AF Anderson, S Srajer, V Moffat, K TI Structural heterogeneity of cryotrapped intermediates in the bacterial blue light photoreceptor, photoactive yellow protein SO PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ECTOTHIORHODOSPIRA-HALOPHILA; ANGSTROM RESOLUTION; SPECTROSCOPY; PHOTOCYCLE; PHOTOREACTION; EXPRESSION; RADIATION; DAMAGE; CYCLE AB We investigate by X-ray crystallographic techniques the cryo-trapped states that accumulate on controlled illumination of the blue light photoreceptor, photoactive yellow protein (PYP), at 110 K in both the wild-type species and its E46Q mutant. These states are related to those that occur during the chromophore isomerization process in the PYP photocycle at room temperature. The structures present in such states were determined at high resolution, 0.95-1.05Angstrom. In both wild type and mutant PYP, the cryotrapped state is not composed of a single, quasitransition state structure but rather of a heterogeneous mixture of three species in addition to the ground state structure. We identify and refine these three photoactivated species under the assumption that the structural changes are limited to simple isomerization events of the chromophore that otherwise retains chemical bonding similar to that in the ground state. The refined chromophore models are essentially identical in the wild type and the E46Q mutant, which implies that the early stages of their photocycle mechanisms are the same. C1 Univ Chicago, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Chicago, Consortium Adv Radiat Sources, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Chicago, Inst Biophys Dynam, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Anderson, S (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Argonne Natl Lab, CARS, Bldg 434-B,9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM smander@midway.uchicago.edu FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR 07707]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM 36452] NR 23 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC PHOTOBIOLOGY PI AUGUSTA PA BIOTECH PARK, 1021 15TH ST, SUITE 9, AUGUSTA, GA 30901-3158 USA SN 0031-8655 J9 PHOTOCHEM PHOTOBIOL JI Photochem. Photobiol. PD JUL-AUG PY 2004 VL 80 IS 1 BP 7 EP 14 DI 10.1562/2004-03-15-RA-115.1 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 849EC UT WOS:000223520500003 PM 15339224 ER PT J AU Hu, SX Collins, LA AF Hu, SX Collins, LA TI Intense laser-induced recombination: The inverse above-threshold ionization process SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID STIMULATED RADIATIVE RECOMBINATION; ELECTRON-ION RECOMBINATION; HIGH HARMONIC-GENERATION; MULTIPHOTON IONIZATION; FIELD; ATOMS; INTERFERENCE; PULSES; TRANSITIONS; SCATTERING AB We investigated the recombination of electrons with ions in an ultrashort, intense laser pulse by numerically solving the time-dependent Schrodinger equation. The inverse above-threshold ionization (IATI) phenomenon, which shows the recombination probability peaked at specific energies of the injected electron wave packet, is explicitly elucidated. Furthermore, these IATI peaks which are separated by the laser photon energy also show up in processes of recombination to excited states. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Hu, SX (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM suxing@lanl.gov; lac@lanl.gov RI Hu, Suxing/A-1265-2007 OI Hu, Suxing/0000-0003-2465-3818 NR 47 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 EI 1094-1622 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JUL PY 2004 VL 70 IS 1 AR 013407 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.70.013407 PG 7 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 845VK UT WOS:000223273200080 ER PT J AU Jones, S Macek, JH Madison, DH AF Jones, S Macek, JH Madison, DH TI Test of the Pluvinage wave function for the helium ground state SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID DIFFERENTIAL CROSS-SECTIONS; DOUBLE-IONIZATION; COMPTON-SCATTERING; DOUBLE PHOTOIONIZATION; ELECTRON-CAPTURE; ION IMPACT; HYDROGEN; SYSTEMS; ATOMS; HE AB The accuracy of the Pluvinage wave function for the ground state of helium is investigated by considering a number of different physical processes including double ionization by photoabsorption, Compton scattering, and electron impact. In the high-energy limit of these processes, the accuracy of the initial ground state can be ascertained without reference to the final double-continuum state. In this limit, we find that a Hylleraas description is superior to the Pluvinage one. For intermediate energies, final-state correlation becomes important, so we employ a 3C description of the final state (the 3C wave function is the double-continuum analog of the Pluvinage wave function). In this case, however, better agreement with experiment is obtained with the Pluvinage initial state. A possible explanation for this seemingly paradoxical result is suggested. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Missouri, Lab Atom Mol & Opt Res, Dept Phys, Rolla, MO 65409 USA. RP Jones, S (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Phys, Rolla, MO 65409 USA. NR 32 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JUL PY 2004 VL 70 IS 1 AR 012712 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.70.012712 PG 7 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 845VK UT WOS:000223273200070 ER PT J AU Lee, TG Hesse, M Le, AT Lin, CD AF Lee, TG Hesse, M Le, AT Lin, CD TI Charge transfer in slow collisions of O8+ and Ar8+ ions with H(1s) below 2 keV/amu SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID CAPTURE CROSS-SECTIONS; ELECTRON-CAPTURE; ORBITAL-EXPANSION; LOW-ENERGY; HYDROGEN; HE AB We calculated the charge-transfer cross sections for O8++H collisions for energies from 1 eV/amu to 2 keV/amu, using the recently developed hyperspherical close-coupling method. In particular, the discrepancy for electron capture to the n=6 states of O7+ from the previous theoretical calculations is further analyzed. Our results indicate that at low energies (below 100 eV/amu) electron capture to the n=6 manifold of O7+ becomes dominant. The present results are used to resolve the long-standing discrepancies from the different elaborate semiclassical calculations near 100 eV/amu. We have also performed the semiclassical atomic orbital close-coupling calculations with straight-line trajectories. We found the semiclassical calculations agree with the quantal approach at energy above 100 eV/amu, where the collision occurs at large impact parameters. Calculations for Ar8++H collisions in the same energy range have also been carried out to analyze the effect of the ionic core on the subshell cross sections. By using diabatic molecular basis functions, we show that converged results can be obtained with small numbers of channels. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Kansas State Univ, Dept Phys, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. Free Univ Brussels, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. RP Lee, TG (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Lin, CD/G-4112-2010; Lee, Teck Ghee/D-5037-2012; Lin, c d/D-7312-2012 OI Lee, Teck Ghee/0000-0001-9472-3194; Lin, c d/0000-0003-4847-8938 NR 20 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 EI 1094-1622 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JUL PY 2004 VL 70 IS 1 AR 012702 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.70.012702 PG 7 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 845VK UT WOS:000223273200060 ER PT J AU Staub, F Braud, M Balmer, JE Nilsen, J Bajt, S AF Staub, F Braud, M Balmer, JE Nilsen, J Bajt, S TI Simultaneous near-field and far-field imaging of the 11.9-nm Ni-like Sn soft-x-ray laser SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID SATURATION; NM AB We report on two-dimensional near-field imaging experiments of the 11.9-nm Sn x-ray laser that were performed with a set of Mo/Y multilayer mirrors having reflectivities of up to similar to45% at normal and at 45degrees incidence. Second-moment analysis of the x-ray laser emission was used to determine values of the x-ray beam propagation factor M-2 for a range of irradiation parameters. The results reveal a reduction of M-2 with increasing prepulse amplitude. The spatial size of the output is a factor of similar to2 smaller than previously measured for the 14.7-nm Pd x-ray laser, while the distance of the x-ray emission with respect to the target surface remains roughly the same. C1 Univ Bern, Inst Appl Phys, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Staub, F (reprint author), Univ Bern, Inst Appl Phys, Sidlerstr 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland. EM felix.staub@iap.unibe.ch RI Bajt, Sasa/G-2228-2010 NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JUL PY 2004 VL 70 IS 1 AR 013813 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.70.013813 PG 6 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 845VK UT WOS:000223273200117 ER PT J AU Trevisan, CS Orel, AE Rescigno, TN AF Trevisan, CS Orel, AE Rescigno, TN TI Ab initio study of low-energy electron collisions with tetrafluoroethene C2F4 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID ACCURATE ABINITIO TREATMENT; EFFECTIVE CORE POTENTIALS; CROSS-SECTIONS; HIGH-PERFORMANCE; GAS CHEMISTRIES; SCATTERING; FLUOROETHYLENES; REDUCTION; ETHYLENE; IMPACT AB We report the results of variational calculations of elastic electron scattering by tetrafluoroethene (C2F4) with incident electron energies ranging from 0.5 to 20 eV, using the complex Kohn method and effective core potentials. These are the first fully ab initio calculations to reproduce experimental angular differential cross sections at energies below 10 eV. Low-energy electron scattering by C2F4 is sensitive to the inclusion of electronic correlation and target-distortion effects. We therefore present results that describe the dynamic polarization of the target by the incident electron. The calculated cross sections are compared with recent experimental measurements. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Trevisan, CS (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. NR 28 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JUL PY 2004 VL 70 IS 1 AR 012704 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.70.012704 PG 10 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 845VK UT WOS:000223273200062 ER PT J AU Bahrs, S Goni, AR Thomsen, C Maiorov, B Nieva, G Fainstein, A AF Bahrs, S Goni, AR Thomsen, C Maiorov, B Nieva, G Fainstein, A TI Light-induced oxygen-ordering dynamics in (Y,Pr)Ba2Cu3O6.7: A Raman spectroscopy and Monte Carlo study SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SINGLE-CRYSTALS; DEFICIENT YBA2CU3OX; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; PERSISTENT PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY; FILMS; TRANSITION; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; SCATTERING; RELAXATION; DISORDER AB We investigated the time and temperature dependence of photobleaching effects in RBa2Cu3O7-delta single crystals (R=Y,Pr) by Raman spectroscopy and Monte Carlo simulations based on the asymmetric next-nearest-neighbor Ising model. In a temperature range between 40 and 300 K the bleaching slows down on cooling, displaying a pronounced change in dynamics around 160 K for R=Y. To model this behavior we extended the Ising model by introducing a single energy barrier which impedes oxygen movement in the plane unless the oxygen atoms are excited by light. We obtain a time- and temperature-dependent development of superstructures under illumination with the fastest change at intermediate model temperatures. The chain-fragment development in the simulation thus matches the experimental low-temperature dynamics of Raman photobleaching, providing further support for oxygen reordering in the chain plane being at the origin of Raman photobleaching and related effects. C1 Tech Univ Berlin, Inst Festkorperphys, D-10623 Berlin, Germany. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Supercond Technol Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Comis Nacl Energia Atom, Ctr Atom Bariloche, RA-8400 San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina. Inst Ciencia Mat Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain. RP Bahrs, S (reprint author), Tech Univ Berlin, Inst Festkorperphys, Hardenbergstr 36, D-10623 Berlin, Germany. RI Thomsen, Christian/E-2295-2012; Goni, Alejandro/M-2239-2014; Thomsen, Christian/B-5014-2015; OI Goni, Alejandro/0000-0002-1193-3063; Thomsen, Christian/0000-0001-6057-1401; Maiorov, Boris/0000-0003-1885-0436 NR 38 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2004 VL 70 IS 1 AR 014512 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.014512 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 842IE UT WOS:000222996300096 ER PT J AU Bussmann-Holder, A Bishop, AR AF Bussmann-Holder, A Bishop, AR TI Quantum paraelectricity versus ferroelectricity: Nonlinear polarizability model SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID STRUCTURAL PHASE-TRANSITIONS; LATTICE-DYNAMICS; CUBIC PHASE; BATIO3; SRTIO3; KTA1-XNBXO3; LIXK1-XTAO3; PEROVSKITES; TITANATE; ORIGIN AB The suppression of ferroelectricity by quantum fluctuations is investigated within a nonlinear polarizability model. A mass dependence of the quantum fluctuation dominated state is discovered which can extend to rather high temperatures as compared to known quantum paraelectrics. In addition a crossover from order-disorder to displacive dynamics is observed when ferroelectricity is suppressed. A phase appears in a regime where deviations from the high-temperature behavior set in, where polar precursors coexist with paraelectric quantum fluctuations. Elastic stiffness is found to crucially contribute to mode-mode coupling and the stability of the system. C1 Max Planck Inst Solid State Res, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Bussmann-Holder, A (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Solid State Res, Heisenbergstr 1, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. NR 26 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2004 VL 70 IS 2 AR 024104 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.024104 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 842IH UT WOS:000222996600017 ER PT J AU Carrier, P Wei, SH AF Carrier, P Wei, SH TI Calculated spin-orbit splitting of all diamondlike and zinc-blende semiconductors: Effects of p1(/2) local orbitals and chemical trends SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID RELATIVISTIC BAND-STRUCTURE; II-VI SEMICONDUCTORS; VAPOR-PHASE EPITAXY; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; WAVE METHOD; ALLOYS; PHOTOEMISSION; HALIDES; DEPENDENCE; EFFICIENCY AB We have calculated the spin-orbit (SO) splitting Delta(SO)=epsilon(Gamma(8v))-epsilon(Gamma(7v)) for all diamondlike group IV and zinc-blende group III-V, II-VI, and I-VII semiconductors using the full potential linearized augmented plane wave method within the local density approximation. The SO coupling is included using the second-variation procedure, including the p(1/2) local orbitals. The calculated SO splittings are in very good agreement with available experimental data. The corrections due to the inclusion of the p(1/2) local orbital are negligible for lighter atoms, but can be as large as similar to250 meV for 6p anions. We find that (i) the SO splittings increase monotonically when anion atomic number increases; (ii) the SO splittings increase with the cation atomic number when the compound is more covalent such as in most III-V compounds; (iii) the SO splittings decrease with the cation atomic number when the compound is more ionic, such as in II-VI and the III-nitride compounds; (iv) the common-anion rule, which states that the variation of Delta(SO) is small for common-anion systems, is usually obeyed, especially for ionic systems, but can break down if the compounds contain second-row elements such as BSb; (v) for IB-VII compounds, the Delta(SO) is small and in many cases negative and it does not follow the rules discussed above. These trends are explained in terms of atomic SO splitting, volume deformation-induced charge renormalization, and cation-anion p-d couplings. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 55 TC 83 Z9 83 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2004 VL 70 IS 3 AR 035212 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.035212 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 842II UT WOS:000222996700059 ER PT J AU Cucchietti, FM Pastawski, HM Jalabert, RA AF Cucchietti, FM Pastawski, HM Jalabert, RA TI Universality of the Lyapunov regime for the Loschmidt echo SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID LANDAUER-BUTTIKER EQUATIONS; CLASSICALLY CHAOTIC SYSTEMS; NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; POLARIZATION ECHOES; HAMILTONIAN-SYSTEMS; QUANTUM TRANSPORT; PERIODIC-ORBITS; DECOHERENCE; TIME; STABILITY AB The Loschmidt echo (LE) is a magnitude that measures the sensitivity of quantum dynamics to perturbations in the Hamiltonian. For a certain regime of the parameters, the LE decays exponentially with a rate given by the Lyapunov exponent of the underlying classically chaotic system. We develop a semiclassical theory, supported by numerical results in a Lorentz gas model, which allows us to establish and characterize the universality of this Lyapunov regime. In particular, the universality is evidenced by the semiclassical limit of the de Broglie wavelength going to zero, the behavior for times longer than Ehrenfest time, the insensitivity with respect to the form of the perturbation, and the behavior of individual (nonaveraged) initial conditions. Finally, by elaborating a semiclassical approximation to the Wigner function, we are able to distinguish between classical and quantum origin for the different terms of the LE. This approach renders an understanding for the persistence of the Lyapunov regime after the Ehrenfest time, as well as a reinterpretation of our results in terms of the quantum-classical transition. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Nacl Cordoba, Fac Matemat Astron & Fis, RA-5000 Cordoba, Argentina. Inst Phys & Chim Mat Strasbourg, CNRS, UMR 7504, ULP, F-67034 Strasbourg 2, France. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, MS B213, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Jalabert, Rodolfo/E-7271-2011; Cucchietti, Fernando/C-7765-2016 OI Cucchietti, Fernando/0000-0002-9027-1263 NR 85 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2004 VL 70 IS 3 AR 035311 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.035311 PG 23 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 842II UT WOS:000222996700074 ER PT J AU Dabrowski, B Chmaissem, O Klamut, PW Kolesnik, S Maxwell, M Mais, J Ito, Y Armstrong, BD Jorgensen, JD Short, S AF Dabrowski, B Chmaissem, O Klamut, PW Kolesnik, S Maxwell, M Mais, J Ito, Y Armstrong, BD Jorgensen, JD Short, S TI Reduced ferromagnetic transition temperatures in SrRu1-vO3 perovskites from Ru-site vacancies SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; THIN-FILMS; SRRUO3; SR1-XCAXRUO3 AB We show that annealing of stoichiometric SrRuO3 perovskites in high-pressure oxygen of 600 atm near 1100 degreesC produces SrRu1-vO3 compounds with vacancies on the Ru-sites. The creation of Ru vacancies rapidly suppresses the ferromagnetic ordering temperature, T-C, from 163 K to 45 K with an increase of vapproximate to0.09. Subtle structural changes that accompany the creation of Ru-site vacancies are different from the typical properties of transition metal perovskites, for which an increased formal oxidation state of the B-site cations normally leads to decreased B-O interatomic distances and contraction of the unit cell volume. The reduced charge screening caused by the Ru-vacancies offsets an expected decrease of the average interatomic distance Ru-O and rotation of the RuO6 octahedra as Sr atoms relax toward Ru-vacancies increases the observed volume. C1 No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Dabrowski, B (reprint author), No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. NR 19 TC 61 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 15 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2004 VL 70 IS 1 AR 014423 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.014423 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 842IE UT WOS:000222996300070 ER PT J AU Di Castro, D Angst, M Eshchenko, DG Khasanov, R Roos, J Savic, IM Shengelaya, A Bud'ko, SL Canfield, PC Conder, K Karpinski, J Kazakov, SM Ribeiro, RA Keller, H AF Di Castro, D Angst, M Eshchenko, DG Khasanov, R Roos, J Savic, IM Shengelaya, A Bud'ko, SL Canfield, PC Conder, K Karpinski, J Kazakov, SM Ribeiro, RA Keller, H TI Absence of a boron isotope effect in the magnetic penetration depth of MgB2 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MUON-SPIN-ROTATION; T-C; SUPERCONDUCTORS; TEMPERATURE; ORIGIN; LA2-XSRXCUO4; CARRIERS AB The magnetic penetration depth lambda(0) in polycrystalline MgB2 for different boron isotopes (B-10/B-11) was investigated by transverse field muon spin rotation. No boron isotope effect on the penetration depth lambda(0) was found within experimental error: Deltalambda(0)/lambda(0)=0.8(8)%, suggesting that MgB2 is an adiabaic superconductor. This is in contrast to the substantial oxygen isotope effect on lambda(0) observed in cuprate high-temperature superconductors. C1 Univ Zurich, Inst Phys, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland. Paul Scherrer Inst, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. Univ Belgrade, Fac Phys, YU-11001 Belgrade, Serbia Monteneg. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Paul Scherrer Inst, Swiss Muon Source, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. ETH, Neutron Scattering Lab, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. ETH, Solid State Phys Lab, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. RP Di Castro, D (reprint author), Univ Zurich, Inst Phys, Schonberggasse 9, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland. EM dicastro@physik.unizh.ch RI Ribeiro, Raquel/B-9041-2012; Angst, Manuel/I-4380-2012; Kazakov, Sergey/A-4139-2014; Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014; OI Ribeiro, Raquel/0000-0001-6075-1701; Angst, Manuel/0000-0001-8892-7019; Kazakov, Sergey/0000-0002-0553-7881; DI CASTRO, DANIELE/0000-0002-0878-6904; Khasanov, Rustem/0000-0002-4768-5524 NR 41 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2004 VL 70 IS 1 AR 014519 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.014519 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 842IE UT WOS:000222996300103 ER PT J AU Fishman, RS AF Fishman, RS TI Spin dynamics of double-exchange manganites with magnetic frustration SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID METAL-INSULATOR-TRANSITION; GENERALIZED VILLAIN MODEL; PHASE-SEPARATION; WAVE THEORY; FIELD; PR0.7CA0.3MNO3 AB This work examines the effects of magnetic frustration due to competing ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic Heisenberg interactions on the spin dynamics of the double-exchange model. When the local moments are noncolinear, a charge-density wave forms because the electrons prefer to sit on lines of sites that are coupled ferromagnetically. With increasing hopping energy, the local spins become aligned and the average spin-wave stiffness increases. Phase separation is found only within a narrow range of hopping energies. Results of this work are applied to the field-induced jump in the spin-wave stiffness observed in the manganite Pr1-xCaxMnO3 with 0.3less than or equal toxless than or equal to0.4. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Fishman, RS (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Fishman, Randy/C-8639-2013 NR 27 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2004 VL 70 IS 1 AR 012403 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.012403 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 842IE UT WOS:000222996300009 ER PT J AU Freeland, JW Kodama, RH Vedpathak, M Erwin, SC Keavney, DJ Winarski, R Ryan, P Rosenberg, RA AF Freeland, JW Kodama, RH Vedpathak, M Erwin, SC Keavney, DJ Winarski, R Ryan, P Rosenberg, RA TI Induced Ge spin polarization at the Fe/Ge interface SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC CIRCULAR-DICHROISM; SUM-RULES; FE; FILMS; SI; INJECTION; DENSITY; STATES; METALS; LAYERS AB We report direct experimental evidence showing induced magnetic moments on Ge at the interface in an Fe/Ge system. Details of the x-ray magnetic circular dichroism and resonant magnetic scattering at the Ge L edge demonstrate the presence of spin-polarized s states at the Fermi level, as well as d-character moments at higher energy, which are both oriented antiparallel to the moment of the Fe layer. Use of the sum rules enables extraction of the L/S ratio, which is zero for the s part and similar to0.5 for the d component. These results are consistent with layer-resolved electronic structure calculations, which estimate that the s and d components of the Ge moment are antiparallel to the Fe 3d moment and have a magnitude of similar to0.01 mu(B). C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. USN, Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Freeland, JW (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Erwin, Steven/B-1850-2009; Rosenberg, Richard/K-3442-2012 NR 24 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2004 VL 70 IS 3 AR 033201 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.033201 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 842II UT WOS:000222996700007 ER PT J AU Frenkel, AI Pease, DM Giniewicz, J Stern, EA Brewe, DL Daniel, M Budnick, J AF Frenkel, AI Pease, DM Giniewicz, J Stern, EA Brewe, DL Daniel, M Budnick, J TI Concentration-dependent short-range order in the relaxor ferroelectric (1-x)Pb(Sc,Ta)O-3-xPbTiO(3) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID PHASE-TRANSITION; LOCAL-STRUCTURE; FINE-STRUCTURE; HIGH-PRESSURE; PEROVSKITE; CERAMICS; PB(SC1/2TA1/2)O3; SCATTERING; CRYSTALS; PBTIO3 AB Using the x-ray diffraction and x-ray absorption fine structure techniques, we have probed Ti, Ta, and Sc local environments in the solid solution system (1-x)Pb(Sc,Ta)O-3-xPbTiO(3). This system is known to display a variety of ferroelectric behaviors ranging from variable order-disorder, to relaxor, to a mixed phase region, and then finally to normal ferroelectric, as the value of x is increased. We find, in agreement with neutron diffraction studies, no detectable displacements of Ta or Sc atoms from their oxygen cage centers in any of these systems. Surprisingly, we find that the Ti atom is displaced along (111) from its inversion symmetry center for x=0.05. However, this average local Ti displacement gradually changes from (111) to (001) as x increases, whereas the global crystal structure abruptly changes from rhombohedral to tetragonal at x=0.45. Our experimental results and theoretical modeling of others together suggest that this system consists of mixed regions, some characterized by a (111) Ti displacement and others characterized by a (001) Ti displacement. The displacement averaged over all regions becomes more weighted toward (001) as x increases. Another significant result is that all our samples (with x ranging from 0 to 0.5) have a high degree of local ordering of the B sites with alternate occupation of Ta and Sc atoms. C1 Yeshiva Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10016 USA. Univ Connecticut, Dept Phys, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. Indiana Univ Penn, Dept Phys, Indiana, PA 15705 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, PNC CAT, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Frenkel, AI (reprint author), Yeshiva Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10016 USA. EM frenkel@bnl.gov RI Frenkel, Anatoly/D-3311-2011 OI Frenkel, Anatoly/0000-0002-5451-1207 NR 46 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2004 VL 70 IS 1 AR 014106 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.014106 PG 12 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 842IE UT WOS:000222996300033 ER PT J AU Galperin, YM Kozub, VI Vinokur, VM AF Galperin, YM Kozub, VI Vinokur, VM TI Low-frequency noise in tunneling through a single spin SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID INDIVIDUAL PARAMAGNETIC SPINS; MICROSCOPY; RESONANCE AB We propose measurements of low-frequency noise in the tunneling current through a single molecule with a spin as an experimental probe for identifying a mechanism of the spin-dependent tunneling. A specific tail near the zero frequency in the noise spectrum is predicted; the amplitude and the width being of the same order of magnitude as the recently reported peak in the noise spectrum at the spin Larmor frequency. The ratio of the spectrum amplitudes at zero- and Larmor frequencies is shown to be a convenient tool for testing theoretical predictions. C1 Univ Oslo, Dept Phys, N-0316 Oslo, Norway. Russian Acad Sci, AF Ioffe Physicotech Inst, St Petersburg 194021, Russia. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Galperin, YM (reprint author), Univ Oslo, Dept Phys, POB 1048 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway. RI Galperin, Yuri/A-1851-2008; Kozub, Veniamin/E-4017-2014 OI Galperin, Yuri/0000-0001-7281-9902; NR 24 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2004 VL 70 IS 3 AR 033405 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.033405 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 842II UT WOS:000222996700027 ER PT J AU Gedik, N Blake, P Spitzer, RC Orenstein, J Liang, RX Bonn, DA Hardy, WN AF Gedik, N Blake, P Spitzer, RC Orenstein, J Liang, RX Bonn, DA Hardy, WN TI Single-quasiparticle stability and quasiparticle-pair decay in YBa2Cu3O6.5 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY; RELAXATION DYNAMICS; SUPERCONDUCTING STATE; YBA2CU3O7-DELTA; LIFETIMES; QUASIPARTICLE; SCATTERING; TIME AB We report results and analysis of time-resolved photoinduced reflectivity experiments on the cuprate superconductor YBa2Cu3O6.5. The sample, which has T-c=45 K, was characterized by a high degree of purity and Ortho II ordering. The change in reflectivity DeltaR was induced and probed using pulses of 100 femtosecond duration and photon energy 1.55 eV from a Ti:Sapphire laser. We provide a detailed picture of the decay rate gamma of DeltaR as a function of temperature T and pump intensity I. At low T, gamma decreases linearly with decreasing I, extrapolating to nearly zero in the limit that I tends to zero. At higher temperature gamma has the same linear dependence, but with nonzero limit as I-->0. In the interpretation of these results we assume that DeltaR is proportional to the nonequilibrium quasiparticle density created by the laser. From an analysis of the gamma vs I we estimate beta, the coefficient of proportionality relating the quasiparticle decay rate to the density. The intercept of gamma vs I yields the thermal equilibrium quasiparticle decay rate. In a discussion section, we argue that the quasiparticles induced by the laser occupy primarily states near the antinodal regions of the Brillouin zone. We explain the divergence of the lifetime of these particles as T and I both tend to zero as a consequence of momentum and energy conservation in electron-electron scattering. Next, we discuss the significance of the measured value of beta, which is approximate to0.1 cm(2) s(-1) . We point out that the natural unit for beta in a two-dimensional superconductor is h/m(*), and define a dimensionless constant C such that betaequivalent toCh/m(*). If the decay process is one in which quasiparticles return to the condensate with emission of a phonon, then C is a measure of the electron-phonon interaction. Alternatively, expressing the marginal Fermi liquid scattering in the normal state in terms of an effective beta implies C=1/pi, which is in excellent agreement with the experimentally determined value in the superconducting state. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM gedik@socrates.berkeley.edu RI Blake, Peter/E-8556-2010; Orenstein, Joseph/I-3451-2015 NR 41 TC 67 Z9 67 U1 2 U2 14 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2004 VL 70 IS 1 AR 014504 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.014504 PG 13 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 842IE UT WOS:000222996300088 ER PT J AU Gehring, PM Ohwada, K Shirane, G AF Gehring, PM Ohwada, K Shirane, G TI Electric-field effects on the diffuse scattering in PbZn1/3Nb2/3O3 doped with 8% PbTiO3 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID INELASTIC NEUTRON-SCATTERING; GLASSY POLARIZATION BEHAVIOR; RANGE ORDER; FERROELECTRICS; PEROVSKITES AB We report measurements of the neutron diffuse scattering from a single crystal of the relaxor ferroelectric PbZn1/3Nb2/3O3 doped with 8% PbTiO3 (PZN-8%PT) for temperatures 100 Kless than or equal toTless than or equal to530 K and electric fields 0 kV/cmless than or equal toEless than or equal to10 kV/cm. The field-cooled diffuse scattering measured transverse to the (003) Bragg peak is strongly suppressed in the tetragonal phase at 400 K for E=2 kV/cm applied along the [001] direction. However, no change is observed in the diffuse scattering measured transverse to (300), even for field strengths up to 10 kV/cm. Thus the application of an external electric field in the tetragonal (ferroelectric) phase of PZN-8%PT does not produce a uniformly polarized state. This unusal behavior can be understood within the context of the model of Hirota of phase-shifted polar nanoregions in relaxors, since an electric field applied along [001] below T-c would reduce the shifts of the nanoregions along [001] while preserving those along the orthogonal [100] direction. C1 Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Gehring, PM (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. OI Gehring, Peter/0000-0002-9236-2046 NR 23 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2004 VL 70 IS 1 AR 014110 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.014110 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 842IE UT WOS:000222996300037 ER PT J AU Hundley, MF Malinowski, A Pagliuso, PG Sarrao, JL Thompson, JD AF Hundley, MF Malinowski, A Pagliuso, PG Sarrao, JL Thompson, JD TI Anomalous f-electron Hall effect in the heavy-fermion system CeTIn5 (T=Co, Ir, or Rh) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID HIGH MAGNETIC-FIELDS; UNCONVENTIONAL SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; YB COMPOUNDS; MAGNETORESISTANCE; CECOIN5; COEFFICIENT; RESISTIVITY; STATES; CECU6 AB The in-plane Hall coefficient R-H(T) of CeRhIn5, CeIrIn5, and CeCoIn5, and their respective nonmagnetic lanthanum analogs are reported in fields up to 90 kOe and at temperatures from 2-325 K. R-H(T) is negative, field independent, and dominated by skew scattering above similar to50 K in the Ce compounds. R-H(H-->0) becomes increasingly negative below 50 K and varies with temperature in a manner that is inconsistent with skew scattering. Field-dependent measurements show that the low-T anomaly is strongly suppressed when the applied field is increased to 90 kOe. Measurements on LaRhIn5, LaIrIn5, and LaCoIn5 indicate that the same anomalous temperature dependence is present in the Hall coefficient of these nonmagnetic analogs, albeit with a reduced amplitude and no field dependence. Hall angle (theta(H)) measurements find that the ratio rho(xx)/rho(xy)=cot(theta(H)) varies as T-2 below 20 K for all three Ce-115 compounds. The Hall angles of the La-115 compounds follow this T dependence as well. These data suggest that the electronic-structure contribution dominates the Hall effect in the 115 compounds, with f electron and Kondo interactions acting to magnify the influence of the underlying complex band structure. This is in stark contrast to the situation in most 4f and 5f heavy-fermion compounds where the normal carrier contribution to the Hall effect provides only a small, T-independent background to R-H. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Malinowski, Artur/A-2184-2015; Pagliuso, Pascoal/C-9169-2012 OI Malinowski, Artur/0000-0003-3771-9353; NR 63 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 3 U2 11 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2004 VL 70 IS 3 AR 035113 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.035113 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 842II UT WOS:000222996700043 ER PT J AU Knickelbein, MB AF Knickelbein, MB TI Magnetic ordering in manganese clusters SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SEEDED SUPERSONIC BEAMS; ELECTRON-SPIN-RESONANCE; RARE-EARTH CLUSTERS; NICKEL CLUSTERS; FERROMAGNETIC CLUSTERS; IONIZATION-POTENTIALS; GADOLINIUM CLUSTERS; MOLECULAR-BEAM; IRON CLUSTERS; FREE COBALT AB Isolated manganese clusters, Mn-n, (n=5-22) are deflected by a linear-gradient magnetic field. Mn-7-Mn-22 are found to deflect uniformly toward high field. The magnitude of the deflections indicate susceptibilities far in excess of those expected based on the susceptibility of bulk manganese, demonstrating that Mn clusters in this size range are magnetically ordered. Per-atom moments obtained from Curie's Law analysis range from 0.4mu(b) (Mn-19) to 1.7 mu(b) (Mn-12). For Mn-5 and Mn-6, symmetric broadening of the cluster beam is observed, and their moments were determined via line-shape analysis using both free-spin and adiabatic rotor models. The measured moments, interpreted in light of recent density functional theory calculations, suggest that Mn clusters in this size range are molecular ferrimagnets. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 54 TC 111 Z9 112 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2004 VL 70 IS 1 AR 014424 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.014424 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 842IE UT WOS:000222996300071 ER PT J AU Krishnamurthy, VV Zoto, I Mankey, GJ Robertson, JL Maat, S Fullerton, EE Nwagwu, I Akujieze, JK AF Krishnamurthy, VV Zoto, I Mankey, GJ Robertson, JL Maat, S Fullerton, EE Nwagwu, I Akujieze, JK TI Antiferromagnetic phase transitions in an ordered Pt3Fe(111) film studied by neutron diffraction SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID CRITICAL EXPONENTS; MAGNETIC ORDER; ALLOYS AB Neutron diffraction has been used to investigate the critical behavior at the onset of antiferromagnetic phase transitions in a (111) oriented Pt73Fe27 film grown on an a-axis oriented sapphire (alpha-Al2O3) substrate. As in the bulk, there is an antiferromagnetic reorientation transition from the Q(1)=2pi/a(1/2,1/2,0) phase to the Q(2)=2pi/a(1/2,0,0) phase upon cooling. The temperature dependence of the integrated intensity of the (1/2,1/2,0) and the (1/2,0,0) antiferromagnetic Bragg peaks yielded the Neeel temperature of 160.25+/-0.2 K and a reorientation transition temperature of 95+/-0.2 K. The magnetization critical exponent beta is found to be 0.368+/-0.013 for the Q(1) phase and 0.37+/-0.02 for the Q(2) phase. These critical exponents are in excellent agreement with the predictions of the 3d Heisenberg universality class. A comparison of the transition temperatures and the exponents in the film and in single crystal at the same alloy composition is presented. C1 Univ Alabama, Ctr Mat Informat Technol, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. San Jose Res Ctr, Hitachi Global Storage Technol, San Jose, CA 95120 USA. Chicago State Univ, Dept Chem & Phys, Chicago, IL 60628 USA. RP Krishnamurthy, VV (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Ctr Mat Informat Technol, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. RI Fullerton, Eric/H-8445-2013; Mankey, Gary/G-9110-2011 OI Fullerton, Eric/0000-0002-4725-9509; Mankey, Gary/0000-0003-3163-5159 NR 19 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2004 VL 70 IS 2 AR 024424 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.024424 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 842IH UT WOS:000222996600057 ER PT J AU Lu, WC Wang, CZ Chan, TL Ruedenberg, K Ho, KM AF Lu, WC Wang, CZ Chan, TL Ruedenberg, K Ho, KM TI Representation of electronic structures in crystals in terms of highly localized quasiatomic minimal basis orbitals SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID WANNIER FUNCTIONS; ENERGY-BANDS; SYSTEM-SIZE; POLARIZATION AB A method is presented for expressing electronic orbital states of a periodic solid in terms of a minimal basis set of localized quasiatomic orbitals. While spanning exactly the same occupied subspace as the orbitals determined by a fully converged first-principles calculation with a large basis set, the minimal-basis orbitals from this work are highly localized on atoms and exhibit shapes close to orbitals of the isolated atom. They are also shown to be useful for analyzing chemical bonding in periodic systems. All of these features are found for insulating as well as metallic solids. C1 US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM wangcz@ameslab.gov NR 22 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2004 VL 70 IS 4 AR 041101 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.041101 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 843CO UT WOS:000223053300001 ER PT J AU Luo, X Zhang, SB Wei, SH AF Luo, X Zhang, SB Wei, SH TI Theory of Mn supersaturation in Si and Ge SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID III-V SEMICONDUCTORS; GAAS AB Using first-principles total-energy methods, we calculate the formation energy for typical Mn defects in bulk Si and Ge and on (001) surfaces, from which the various Mn solubility limits are derived. Applying the theory for ultrahigh doping in semiconductors, we can understand why Mn solubility in epitaxially-grown Si and Ge films could be several atomic percent while the solid solubility limits are many orders of magnitude smaller. In particular, we suggest that hydrogen passivation of the surface during growth could be the key to such high solubilities. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Luo, X (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM xluo3@uiuc.edu RI Schaff, William/B-5839-2009; Krausnick, Jennifer/D-6291-2013; Zhang, Shengbai/D-4885-2013 OI Zhang, Shengbai/0000-0003-0833-5860 NR 12 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2004 VL 70 IS 3 AR 033308 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.033308 PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 842II UT WOS:000222996700019 ER PT J AU Melikidze, A Dobrovitski, VV De Raedt, HA Katsnelson, MI Harmon, BN AF Melikidze, A Dobrovitski, VV De Raedt, HA Katsnelson, MI Harmon, BN TI Parity effects in spin decoherence SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM COMPUTATION; NUCLEAR SPINS; INTERFERENCE; SUPPRESSION; PARTICLES; DYNAMICS; CODES AB We demonstrate that decoherence of many-spin systems can drastically differ from decoherence of single-spin systems. The difference originates at the most basic level, being determined by parity of the central system, i.e., by whether the system comprises even or odd number of spin-1/2 entities. Therefore, it is very likely that similar distinction between the central spin systems of even and odd parity is important in many other situations. Our consideration clarifies the physical origin of the unusual two-step decoherence found previously in the two-spin systems. C1 Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Kavli Inst Theoret Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Univ Groningen, Ctr Mat Sci, NL-9747 AG Groningen, Netherlands. Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys, SE-75121 Uppsala, Sweden. RP Melikidze, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Kavli Inst Theoret Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. RI Katsnelson, Mikhail/D-4359-2012; OI De Raedt, Hans/0000-0001-8461-4015 NR 23 TC 51 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2004 VL 70 IS 1 AR 014435 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.014435 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 842IE UT WOS:000222996300082 ER PT J AU Nguyen, HK Joglekar, YN Murthy, G AF Nguyen, HK Joglekar, YN Murthy, G TI Collective edge modes in fractional quantum Hall systems SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID CHIRAL LUTTINGER LIQUID; GINZBURG-LANDAU THEORY; ELECTRON-GAS; COMPOSITE FERMIONS; FIELD-THEORY; STATES; EXCITATIONS; DENSITY; RANGE; TRANSPORT AB Over the past few years one of us (Murthy) in collaboration with Shankar has developed an extended Hamiltonian formalism capable of describing the ground-state and low-energy excitations in the fractional quantum Hall regime. The Hamiltonian, expressed in terms of composite fermion operators, incorporates all the nonperturbative features of the fractional Hall regime, so that conventional many-body approximations such as Hartree-Fock and time-dependent Hartree-Fock are applicable. We apply this formalism to develop a microscopic theory of the collective edge modes in fractional quantum Hall regime. We present the results for edge mode dispersions at principal filling factors nu=1/3, 1/5, and 2/5 for systems with unreconstructed edges. The primary advantage of the method is that one works in the thermodynamic limit right from the beginning, thus avoiding the finite-size effects which ultimately limit exact diagonalization studies. C1 Univ Kentucky, Dept Phys & Astron, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Nguyen, HK (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Phys & Astron, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. NR 53 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2004 VL 70 IS 3 AR 035324 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.035324 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 842II UT WOS:000222996700087 ER PT J AU Nicklas, M Sidorov, VA Borges, HA Pagliuso, PG Sarrao, JL Thompson, JD AF Nicklas, M Sidorov, VA Borges, HA Pagliuso, PG Sarrao, JL Thompson, JD TI Two superconducting phases in CeRh1-xIrxIn5 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID UNCONVENTIONAL SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; PRESSURE; CECU2SI2; CEIRIN5; CERHIN5; PHYSICS; NQR AB Pressure studies of CeRh1-xIrxIn5 indicate two superconducting phases as a function of x, one with T(c)greater than or equal to2 K for x<0.9 and the other with T-c<1.2 K for x>0.9. The higher T-c phase, phase 1, emerges in proximity to an antiferromagnetic quantum-critical point; whereas, Cooper pairing in the lower T-c phase 2 is inferred to arise from fluctuations of a yet to be found magnetic state. The T-x-P phase diagram of CeRh1-xIrxIn5, though qualitatively similar, is distinctly different from that of CeCu2(Si1-xGex)(2). C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Russian Acad Sci, Inst High Pressure Phys, Troitsk 142092, Russia. Pontificia Univ Catolica Rio de Janeiro, Dept Fis, BR-22452970 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. RP Nicklas, M (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Chem Phys Solids, Nothnitzer Str 40, D-01187 Dresden, Germany. RI Pagliuso, Pascoal/C-9169-2012; Nicklas, Michael/B-6344-2008 OI Nicklas, Michael/0000-0001-6272-2162 NR 32 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 15 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2004 VL 70 IS 2 AR 020505 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.020505 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 842IH UT WOS:000222996600012 ER PT J AU Ravelo, R Holian, BL Germann, TC Lomdahl, PS AF Ravelo, R Holian, BL Germann, TC Lomdahl, PS TI Constant-stress Hugoniostat method for following the dynamical evolution of shocked matter SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SCALE MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; WAVE STRUCTURE; SIMULATIONS; PLASTICITY; CRYSTALS AB We present an alternative equilibrium molecular dynamics method-the uniaxial constant-stress Hugoniostat-for following the dynamical evolution of condensed matter subjected to shock waves. It is a natural extension of the recently developed uniaxial constant-volume Hugoniostat [ Maillet , Phys. Rev. E 63, 016121 (2001) ]. Integral feedback is employed to reach the Hugoniot (final) state of the shock process by controlling both the normal component of the stress tensor and internal energy. The finite strain rate imposed on the system is closely related to that inherent in the front of a shock wave. The method can easily identify phase transitions along the Hugoniot shock states, even those that exhibit multiple wave structures. As an example of the method, we have simulated the Hugoniot of a Lennard-Jones crystal shocked along the <110> direction. The results agree well with multi-million-atom nonequilibrium molecular-dynamics simulations. C1 Univ Texas, Dept Phys, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. Univ Texas, Mat Res Inst, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Appl Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Ravelo, R (reprint author), Univ Texas, Dept Phys, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. NR 23 TC 52 Z9 53 U1 4 U2 28 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2004 VL 70 IS 1 AR 014103 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.014103 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 842IE UT WOS:000222996300030 ER PT J AU Schmalhorst, J Kammerer, S Sacher, M Reiss, G Hutten, A Scholl, A AF Schmalhorst, J Kammerer, S Sacher, M Reiss, G Hutten, A Scholl, A TI Interface structure and magnetism of magnetic tunnel junctions with a Co2MnSi electrode SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID CIRCULAR-DICHROISM; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; THIN-FILMS; FE; MAGNETORESISTANCE; BARRIERS; CO AB Magnetic tunnel junctions with a magnetically soft Heusler-alloy electrode (Co2MnSi/Al+oxidation+in situ annealing/Co7Fe3/Mn83Ir17) and a maximal tunnel magnetoresistance effect of 86% at 10 K/10 mV are investigated with respect to their structural and magnetic properties at the lower barrier interface by electron and x-ray absorption spectroscopy. A plasma-oxidation-induced Mn/Si segregation and oxide formation at the barrier interface is found, which results in a strongly increased area-resistance product of the junctions, because of an enlarged barrier thickness. For Co2MnSi thickness equal to 8 nm or larger, ferromagnetic order of Mn and Co spins at the interface is induced by annealing; simultaneously, atomic ordering at the interface is observed. The influence of the structural and magnetic interface properties on the temperature-dependent transport properties of the junctions is discussed. C1 Univ Bielefeld, Dept Phys, Nano Device Grp, D-33501 Bielefeld, Germany. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Schmalhorst, J (reprint author), Univ Bielefeld, Dept Phys, Nano Device Grp, POB 100131, D-33501 Bielefeld, Germany. EM jschmalh@physik.uni-belefeld.de RI Schmalhorst, Jan/E-9951-2011; Hutten, Andreas/B-3524-2011; Reiss, Gunter/A-3423-2010; Scholl, Andreas/K-4876-2012 OI Reiss, Gunter/0000-0002-0918-5940; NR 32 TC 78 Z9 79 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2004 VL 70 IS 2 AR 024426 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.024426 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 842IH UT WOS:000222996600059 ER PT J AU Sham, TK Naftel, SJ Kim, PSG Sammynaiken, R Tang, YH Coulthard, I Moewes, A Freeland, JW Hu, YF Lee, ST AF Sham, TK Naftel, SJ Kim, PSG Sammynaiken, R Tang, YH Coulthard, I Moewes, A Freeland, JW Hu, YF Lee, ST TI Electronic structure and optical properties of silicon nanowires: A study using x-ray excited optical luminescence and x-ray emission spectroscopy SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ENERGY-LOSS SPECTROSCOPY; POROUS SILICON; QUANTUM CONFINEMENT; SI NANOCRYSTALS; LASER-ABLATION; LIGHT-EMISSION; ABSORPTION; SURFACE; STATES AB We report a soft x-ray excited optical luminescence (XEOL) and x-ray emission spectroscopy (XES) study of silicon nanowires (SiNW) with excitations at the silicon K and L-3,L-2 edge, respectively. It is found that the XEOL of SiNW exhibits several luminescence bands at similar to460, similar to530, and similar to630 nm. These luminescence bands are broad and are sensitive to the Si 1s excitation channel (Si versus SiO2 whiteline). These chemical- and morphology-dependent luminescences are attributable to the emission from the encapsulating silicon oxide, the quantum-confined silicon crystallites of various sizes embedded in the oxide layer, and the silicon-silicon oxide interface. XES clearly shows the presence of a relatively thick oxide layer encapsulating the silicon nanowire and the densities of states tailing across the Fermi level. The implications of these findings to the electronic and optical properties of silicon nanowires are discussed. C1 Univ Western Ontario, Dept Chem, London, ON N6A 3B7, Canada. Univ Saskatchewan, Canadian Light Source, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. Univ Saskatchewan, Dept Phys, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Synchrotron Radiat, Canadian Synchrotron Radiat Facil, Madison, WI 53589 USA. City Univ Hong Kong, Dept Phys & Mat, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. City Univ Hong Kong, Ctr Super Diamond & Adv Films COSDAF, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. RP Sham, TK (reprint author), Univ Western Ontario, Dept Chem, London, ON N6A 3B7, Canada. NR 31 TC 82 Z9 83 U1 8 U2 52 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2004 VL 70 IS 4 AR 045313 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.045313 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 843CO UT WOS:000223053300039 ER PT J AU Son, JY Mizokawa, T Quilty, JW Hirata, S Takubo, K Kimura, T Tokura, Y AF Son, JY Mizokawa, T Quilty, JW Hirata, S Takubo, K Kimura, T Tokura, Y TI Electronic structure of La2-2xSr1+2xMn2O7 studied by x-ray photoemission spectroscopy SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MANGANITE LASR2MN2O7; MAGNETORESISTANCE; LA1.2SR1.8MN2O7; OXIDES AB We have studied the electronic structure of La2-2xSr1+2xMn2O7 with x=0.4 and 0.5 by means of x-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS). In going from x=0.4 to x=0.5, the O 1s, Mn 2p, and valence-band spectra show an energy shift of similar to0.2 eV toward the Fermi level that is consistent with the hole doping in the e(g) band. The spectral weight at the Fermi level is considerably suppressed for x=0.4 and 0.5, indicating that the e(g) electron has polaronic character as pointed out by Dessau Also, photoemission measurements have been done for the samples illuminated with laser light to probe photoinduced change of the electronic structure. While the O 1s spectrum of the x=0.4 sample is shifted by 0.1 eV to the higher binding energy side, that of x=0.5 is shifted by 0.7 eV. This would be related to the phase competition between the CE-type and A-type antiferromagnetic states and the unusual electron-lattice coupling found in x=0.5. C1 Japan Sci & Technol Agcy, PRESTO, Saitama, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Dept Complex Sci & Engn, Chiba 2778581, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Tokyo, Dept Appl Phys, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1138656, Japan. AIST, CERC, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058562, Japan. AIST, JST, ERATO, SSP, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058562, Japan. RP Son, JY (reprint author), Japan Sci & Technol Agcy, PRESTO, 4-1-8 Honcho Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan. RI Tokura, Yoshinori/C-7352-2009; Mizokawa, Takashi/E-3302-2015 OI Mizokawa, Takashi/0000-0002-7682-2348 NR 16 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2004 VL 70 IS 1 AR 012411 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.012411 PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 842IE UT WOS:000222996300017 ER PT J AU Tejeda, A Dunham, D de Abajo, FJG Denlinger, JD Rotenberg, E Michel, EG Soukiassian, P AF Tejeda, A Dunham, D de Abajo, FJG Denlinger, JD Rotenberg, E Michel, EG Soukiassian, P TI Photoelectron diffraction study of the Si-rich 3C-SiC(001)-(3 X 2) structure SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID X-RAY PHOTOELECTRON; ENERGY ELECTRON-DIFFRACTION; CARBIDE 100 SURFACES; CORE-LEVEL-SHIFT; ATOMIC-STRUCTURE; AUGER-ELECTRON; BETA-SIC(100) SURFACE; INTERFACE FORMATION; OPTICAL ANISOTROPY; SI(100) SURFACE AB The structure of the Si-rich 3C-SiC(001)-(3x2) surface reconstruction is determined using soft x-ray photoelectron diffraction. Photoelectrons are detected along a full hemispherical sector for different photon energies. A comparison between the experimental data and multiple scattering calculations of the competing models favors a modified version of the two-adlayer asymmetric dimer model. An R-factor analysis has been employed to refine this model. We determine the interlayer spacings of the last six atomic layers and find a corrugation of (0.25+/-0.10) A for the atoms in the outermost dimer. Atoms in the second layer dimerize as well, forming rows of long and short dimers. C1 Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Fis Mat Condensada, Madrid 28049, Spain. Univ Autonoma Madrid, Inst Ciencia Mat Nicolas Cabrera, Madrid 28049, Spain. Univ Paris Sud Orsay, CEA, Lab SIMA, DSM,DRECAM,SPCSI, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. Univ Basque Country, CSIC, Ctr Mixto, San Sebastian 20080, Spain. Donostia Int Phys Ctr, San Sebastian 20080, Spain. Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley NAtl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Tejeda, A (reprint author), Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Fis Mat Condensada, Madrid 28049, Spain. RI Rotenberg, Eli/B-3700-2009; Garcia de Abajo, Javier/A-6095-2009; CSIC-UPV/EHU, CFM/F-4867-2012; Michel, Enrique/A-1545-2008; DONOSTIA INTERNATIONAL PHYSICS CTR., DIPC/C-3171-2014; Tejeda, Antonio/C-4711-2014 OI Rotenberg, Eli/0000-0002-3979-8844; Garcia de Abajo, Javier/0000-0002-4970-4565; Michel, Enrique/0000-0003-4207-7658; Tejeda, Antonio/0000-0003-0125-4603 NR 64 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2004 VL 70 IS 4 AR 045317 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.045317 PG 11 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 843CO UT WOS:000223053300043 ER PT J AU Tyson, TA Deleon, M Croft, M Harris, VG Kao, CC Kirkland, J Cheong, SW AF Tyson, TA Deleon, M Croft, M Harris, VG Kao, CC Kirkland, J Cheong, SW TI Magnetic field melting of the charge-ordered state of La1/2Ca1/2MnO3: A local structure perspective SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID METAL-INSULATOR TRANSITIONS; ABSORPTION FINE-STRUCTURE; DEPENDENT SPECIFIC-HEAT; X-RAY; COLOSSAL MAGNETORESISTANCE; PHASE-SEPARATION; CUMULANT ANALYSIS; MANGANITES; LA0.5CA0.5MNO3; LA1-XCAXMNO3 AB The local structure about the Mn site in the half-doped system La1/2Ca1/2MnO3 was measured in magnetic fields up 10 T to probe the melting of the charge-ordered state. Examination of the Mn-O and Mn-Mn correlations reveals three distinct regions in the structure-field diagram. A broad region with weak field dependence (mainly antiferromagnetic phase below 7.5 T), a narrow-mixed phase region near similar to8.5 T and a high-field ferromagnetic phase region with strong field-structure coupling are found. At high field the Mn-O radial distribution becomes Gaussian and the Mn-Mn correlations are enhanced-consistent with the dominance of a ferromagnetic phase. Comparison of the structural measurements with transport and magnetization measurements suggests that the exponential changes in resistivity in the first region are dominated by the reordering of the moments on the Mn sites from CE type antiferromagnetic to ferromagnetic order with only a weak change in the local distortions of the MnO6 octahedra. C1 New Jersey Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. USN, Res Lab, Mat Phys Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP New Jersey Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. RI Harris, Vincent/A-8337-2009 NR 61 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2004 VL 70 IS 2 AR 024410 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.024410 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 842IH UT WOS:000222996600043 ER PT J AU van Veenendaal, M Fedro, AJ AF van Veenendaal, M Fedro, AJ TI Spin polarization in CrO2: Competition between quasiparticle and local-moment behavior SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID HALF-METALLIC FERROMAGNET; DOUBLE EXCHANGE AB We show that inclusion of the competition between quasiparticle and local-moment behavior in CrO2 is necessary to obtain good agreement between the calculated and experimentally observed spin polarization. By going beyond a single Slater determinant description, we find a spin polarization of close to 100% near the Fermi level reflecting quasi-particle behavior. At energies higher than 0.1-0.2 eV above the Fermi level, the local moment character dominates and the spin polarization is reduced to approximately 50%. C1 No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP van Veenendaal, M (reprint author), No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. NR 16 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2004 VL 70 IS 1 AR 012412 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.012412 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 842IE UT WOS:000222996300018 ER PT J AU Wu, SW Schmalian, J Kotliar, G Wolynes, PG AF Wu, SW Schmalian, J Kotliar, G Wolynes, PG TI Solution of local-field equations for self-generated glasses SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SPIN-GLASS; MICROPHASE SEPARATION; SPATIAL CORRELATIONS; PHASE-SEPARATION; ORDER-PARAMETER; SOLVABLE MODEL; TRANSITION; SYSTEMS; DYNAMICS; STATE AB We present a self-consistent local approach to self-generated glassiness that is based on the concept of the dynamical mean field theory to many-body systems. Using a replica approach to self-generated glassiness, we map the problem onto an effective local problem that can be solved exactly. Applying the approach to the Brazovskii-model, relevant to a large class of systems with frustrated micro-phase separation, we are able to solve the self-consistent local theory without using additional approximations. We demonstrate that a glassy state found earlier in this model is generic and does not arise from the use of perturbative approximations. In addition we demonstrate that the glassy state is further stabilized by an additional asymmetry in the interaction. C1 Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Serin Phys Lab, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Chem & Biochem, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RI Schmalian, Joerg/H-2313-2011 NR 57 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2004 VL 70 IS 2 AR 024207 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.024207 PG 11 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 842IH UT WOS:000222996600027 ER PT J AU Xu, G Deng, BC Yu, ZX Tong, SY Van Hove, MA Jona, F Zasada, I AF Xu, G Deng, BC Yu, ZX Tong, SY Van Hove, MA Jona, F Zasada, I TI Atomic structure of the cleaved Si(111)-(2 X 1) surface refined by dynamical LEED SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ENERGY-ELECTRON-DIFFRACTION; PLANE-WAVE METHOD; SI(111)2X1 SURFACE; SEMICONDUCTOR SURFACES; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; CHAIN MODEL; RECONSTRUCTION; DISPERSION; GEOMETRY; SILICON AB Several alternative models have been proposed for the much-studied Si(111)-(2x1) surface structure, including: A reverse-tilted pi-bonded chain model [Zitzlsperger Surf. Sci 377, 108 (1997)]; a three-bond scission model [by Haneman, Phys. Rev. 121, 1093 (1961)]; and a pi-bonded chain model with enhanced vibrations (present work). These models are compared here to the generally accepted modified pi-bonded chain model [Himpsel , Phys. Rev. B. 30, 2257 (1984)], by analyzing low-energy electron diffraction (LEED) intensity-voltage curves measured earlier. Using the efficient automated tensor LEED technique, the models can be refined to a much greater degree than with earlier methods of LEED analysis. This study distinctly favors the earlier modified pi-bonded chain model, but with strongly enhanced vibrations. To compare models that have different numbers of adjustable free parameters, a Hamilton ratio test is used: It can distinguish between improvement due to a better model and improvement due only to more parameters. C1 Zhongshan Univ, Dept Phys, Guangzhou 510275, Peoples R China. City Univ Hong Kong, Dept Phys & Mat Sci, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Univ Lodz, Dept Solid State Phys, Lodz, Poland. RP Xu, G (reprint author), Zhongshan Univ, Dept Phys, Guangzhou 510275, Peoples R China. RI Van Hove, Michel/A-9862-2008 OI Van Hove, Michel/0000-0002-8898-6921 NR 39 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2004 VL 70 IS 4 AR 045307 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.045307 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 843CO UT WOS:000223053300033 ER PT J AU You, CY Bazaliy, YB Gu, JY Oh, SJ Litvak, LM Bader, SD AF You, CY Bazaliy, YB Gu, JY Oh, SJ Litvak, LM Bader, SD TI Magnetization-orientation dependence of the superconducting transition temperature calculated for F/S/F trilayer structures SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MULTILAYERS; FERROMAGNET; SUPERLATTICES AB We theoretically investigate the superconducting critical temperature T-c dependence on the relative orientation of the magnetizations in F/S/F trilayer structures, where F is a ferromagnet and S is a superconductor. The values of T-c are obtained from the linearized Usadel equations. We discuss the usual approximations employed to solve those equations and show that they are invalid in the parameter range of interest. We also compare approximate results of several authors. Adapting the numeric method used previously for F/S bilayers to the case of F/S/F trilayers, we find critical temperatures for parallel and antiparallel magnetic configurations with no approximations involved. Our results qualitatively explain experimental data and provide guidelines for optimizing the experimental systems. C1 Inha Univ, Dept Phys, Inchon 402751, South Korea. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Korea Basic Sci Inst, Mat Sci Team, Taejon 305333, South Korea. Stanford Univ, Dept Appl Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP You, CY (reprint author), Inha Univ, Dept Phys, Inchon 402751, South Korea. RI You, Chun-Yeol/B-1734-2010; Bader, Samuel/A-2995-2013 OI You, Chun-Yeol/0000-0001-9549-8611; NR 36 TC 32 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2004 VL 70 IS 1 AR 014505 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.014505 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 842IE UT WOS:000222996300089 ER PT J AU Young, BL MacLaughlin, DE Rose, MS Ishida, K Bernal, OO Lukefahr, HG Heuser, K Stewart, GR Butch, NP Ho, PC Maple, MB AF Young, BL MacLaughlin, DE Rose, MS Ishida, K Bernal, OO Lukefahr, HG Heuser, K Stewart, GR Butch, NP Ho, PC Maple, MB TI Disorder effects near a magnetic instability in CePtSi1-xGex (x=0, 0.1) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID FERMI-LIQUID BEHAVIOR; LOW-TEMPERATURE PROPERTIES; KONDO DISORDER; ELECTRON MATERIALS; MU-SR; METALS; NMR; SYSTEMS; UCU5-XPDX; COMPOUND AB The magnetic susceptibility and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) linewidth have been measured in the heavy-fermion alloys CePtSi1-xGex, x=0 and 0.1, to study the role of disorder in the non-Fermi-liquid (NFL) behavior of this system. The theoretical NMR line shape is calculated from disorder-driven NFL models and shows the same essential features as the observed spectra. Analysis of Si-29 and Pt-195 NMR linewidths strongly suggests the existence of locally inhomogeneous susceptibility in both materials, and agrees with the widths of the local susceptibility distributions estimated from the susceptibility fits to the disorder-driven NFL models. Disorder-driven mechanisms can also explain the NFL behavior in CePtSi0.9Ge0.1; the NMR spectra do not, however, distinguish between the Kondo-disorder and Griffiths phase models. We find that stoichiometric CePtSi and Ge-doped CePtSi0.9Ge0.1 show similar degrees of magnetic disorder, although a narrower distribution of local susceptibilities in CePtSi allows Fermi-liquid behavior to appear below 1 K. The residual resistivity reported in CePtSi is relatively large, which indicates a significant level of intrinsic lattice defects and seems to be consistent with the disorder observed in the NMR spectra. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Phys, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Engn Sci, Dept Phys Sci, Osaka 5608531, Japan. Calif State Univ Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90032 USA. Whittier Coll, Whittier, CA 90608 USA. Univ Augsburg, Inst Phys, D-86135 Augsburg, Germany. Univ Florida, Dept Phys, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Inst Pure & Appl Phys Sci, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Young, BL (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 54 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2004 VL 70 IS 2 AR 024401 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.024401 PG 14 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 842IH UT WOS:000222996600034 ER PT J AU Zhao, HW Won, C Wu, YZ Scholl, A Doran, A Qiu, ZQ AF Zhao, HW Won, C Wu, YZ Scholl, A Doran, A Qiu, ZQ TI Magnetic phase transition and spin-reorientation transition of Cu/Ni/Fe/Cu(001) studied by photoemission electron microscopy SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ULTRATHIN NI/CU(001) FILMS; FE FILMS; TEMPERATURE; CU(100); DEPENDENCE; NI/CU(100); FE/CU(100); THICKNESS; CU(001); STATES AB Magnetic phase transition and spin-reorientation transition in a Cu/Ni/Fe/Cu(001) system are investigated at room temperature using photoemission electron microscopy. For fixed Fe film thickness, the Cu/Ni/Fe/Cu(100) film exhibits two transitions with increasing Ni thickness: one transition corresponds to a paramagnetic to ferromagnetic transition, and the other transition corresponds to a spin-reorientation transition. A phase diagram is constructed in the Ni-Fe thickness plane to describe these two transitions. For each transition, we find that the Ni transition thickness changes monotonically as the Fe film thickness increases from 0 to 4 ML, and then remains a constant value for Fe thickness in the range of 5-11 ML. These results are attributed to the ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic phases of the fcc Fe film and to the in-plane Ni/Fe interfacial magnetic anisotropy. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Chinese Acad Sci, Int Ctr Quantum Struct, Beijing 100080, Peoples R China. Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Phys, State Key Lab Magnetism, Beijing 100080, Peoples R China. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI wu, YiZheng/O-1547-2013; Wu, yizheng/P-2395-2014; Scholl, Andreas/K-4876-2012; Qiu, Zi Qiang/O-4421-2016 OI Wu, yizheng/0000-0002-9289-1271; Qiu, Zi Qiang/0000-0003-0680-0714 NR 30 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2004 VL 70 IS 2 AR 024423 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.024423 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 842IH UT WOS:000222996600056 ER PT J AU Zheng, GQ Yamaguchi, N Kan, H Kitaoka, Y Sarrao, JL Pagliuso, PG Moreno, NO Thompson, JD AF Zheng, GQ Yamaguchi, N Kan, H Kitaoka, Y Sarrao, JL Pagliuso, PG Moreno, NO Thompson, JD TI Coexistence of antiferromagnetic order and unconventional superconductivity in heavy-fermion CeRh1-xIrxIn5 compounds: Nuclear quadrupole resonance studies SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SPIN-LATTICE RELAXATION; WAVE SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; PRESSURE; UPD2AL3; FERROMAGNETISM; CEIRIN5; CERHIN5; STATE AB We present a systematic In-115 NQR study on the heavy-fermion compounds CeRh1-xIrxIn5 (x=0.25, 0.35, 0.45, 0.5, 0.55, and 0.75). The results provide strong evidence for the microscopic coexistence of antiferromagnetic (AF) order and superconductivity (SC) in the range of 0.35less than or equal toxless than or equal to0.55. Specifically, for x=0.5, T-N is observed at 3 K with a subsequent onset of superconductivity at T-c=0.9 K. T-c reaches a maximum (0.94 K) at x=0.45 where T-N is found to be the highest (4.0 K). Detailed analysis of the measured spectra indicate that the same electrons participate in both SC and AF order. The nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate 1/T-1 shows a broad peak at T-N and follows a T-3 variation below T-c, the latter property indicating unconventional SC as in CeIrIn5 (T-c=0.4 K). We further find that, in the coexistence region, the T-3 dependence of 1/T-1 is replaced by a T-linear variation below Tsimilar to0.4 K, with the value (T-1)(Tc)/(T-1)(low T) increasing with decreasing x, likely due to low-lying magnetic excitations associated with the coexisting magnetism. C1 Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Engn Sci, Dept Phys Sci, Osaka 5608531, Japan. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Zheng, GQ (reprint author), Okayama Univ, Dept Phys, Okayama 7008530, Japan. EM zheng@psun.phys.okayama-u.ac.jp RI Pagliuso, Pascoal/C-9169-2012; Moreno, Nelson/H-1708-2012; Zheng, Guo-qing/B-1524-2011 OI Moreno, Nelson/0000-0002-1672-4340; NR 37 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2004 VL 70 IS 1 AR 014511 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.014511 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 842IE UT WOS:000222996300095 ER PT J AU Aclander, J Alster, J Asryan, G Averiche, Y Barton, DS Baturin, V Buktoyarova, N Bunce, G Carroll, AS Christensen, N Courant, H Durrant, S Fang, G Gabriel, K Gushue, S Heller, KJ Heppelmann, S Kosonovsky, I Leksanov, A Makdisi, YI Malki, A Mardor, I Mardor, Y Marshak, ML Martel, D Minina, E Minor, E Navon, I Nicholson, H Ogawa, A Panebratsev, Y Piasetzky, E Roser, T Russell, JJ Schetkovsky, A Shimanskiy, S Shupe, MA Sutton, S Tanaka, M Tang, A Tsetkov, I Watson, J White, C Wu, JY Zhalov, D AF Aclander, J Alster, J Asryan, G Averiche, Y Barton, DS Baturin, V Buktoyarova, N Bunce, G Carroll, AS Christensen, N Courant, H Durrant, S Fang, G Gabriel, K Gushue, S Heller, KJ Heppelmann, S Kosonovsky, I Leksanov, A Makdisi, YI Malki, A Mardor, I Mardor, Y Marshak, ML Martel, D Minina, E Minor, E Navon, I Nicholson, H Ogawa, A Panebratsev, Y Piasetzky, E Roser, T Russell, JJ Schetkovsky, A Shimanskiy, S Shupe, MA Sutton, S Tanaka, M Tang, A Tsetkov, I Watson, J White, C Wu, JY Zhalov, D TI Nuclear transparency in 90(c.m.)(degrees) quasielastic A(p,2p) reactions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID LARGE MOMENTUM-TRANSFER; COLOR-TRANSPARENCY; EXCLUSIVE REACTIONS; LARGE-T; SCATTERING; DEPENDENCE; PROTON; RHO(0); Q(2); E'P AB We summarize the results of two experimental programs at the Alternating Gradient Synchrotron of BNL to measure the nuclear transparency of nuclei measured in the A (p, 2p) quasielastic scattering process near 90degrees in the pp center of mass. The incident momenta varied from 5.9 to 14.4 GeV/c, corresponding to 4.8 < Q(2) < 12.7 (GeV/c)(2). Taking into account the motion of the target proton in the nucleus, the effective incident momenta extended from 5.0 to 15.8 GeV/c. First, we describe the measurements with the newer experiment, E850, which had more complete kinematic definition of quasielastic events. E850 covered a larger range of incident momenta, and thus provided more information regarding the nature of the energy dependence of the nuclear transparency. In E850 the angular dependence of the nuclear transparency near 90degrees and the nuclear transparency deuterons were studied. Second, we review the techniques used in an earlier experiment, E834, and show that the two experiments are consistent for the carbon data. E834 also determines the nuclear transparencies for lithium, aluminum, copper, and lead nuclei as well as for carbon. A determination of the (pi+,pi(+)p) transparencies is also reported. We find for both E850 and E834 that the A(p, 2p) nuclear transparency, unlike that for A(e,e'p) nuclear transparency, is incompatible with a constant value versus energy as predicted by Glauber calculations. The A (p, 2p) nuclear transparency for carbon and aluminum increases by a factor of two between 5.9 and 9.5 GeV/c incident proton momentum. At its peak the A(P,2p) nuclear transparency is similar to80% of the constant A(e,e'p) nuclear transparency. Then the nuclear transparency falls back to a value at least as small as that at 5.9 GeV/c, and is compatible with the Glauber level again. This oscillating behavior is generally interpreted as an interplay between two components of the pN scattering amplitude; one short ranged and perturbative, and the other long ranged and strongly absorbed in the nuclear medium. A study of the A dependent nuclear transparency indicates that the effective cross section varies with incident momentum and is considerably smaller than the free pN cross section. We suggest a number of experiments for further studies of nuclear transparency effects. C1 Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Univ Massachusetts, N Dartmouth, MA 02747 USA. Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. Kent State Univ, Dept Phys, Kent, OH 44242 USA. Mt Holyoke Coll, Dept Phys, S Hadley, MA 01075 USA. RP Asryan, G (reprint author), Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. NR 57 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JUL PY 2004 VL 70 IS 1 AR 015208 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.70.015208 PG 21 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 850DE UT WOS:000223590600057 ER PT J AU Back, BB Baker, MD Ballintijn, M Barton, DS Becker, B Betts, RR Bickley, AA Bindel, R Busza, W Carroll, A Decowski, MP Garcia, E Gburek, T George, N Gulbrandsen, K Gushue, S Halliwell, C Hamblen, J Harrington, AS Henderson, C Hofman, DJ Hollis, RS Holynski, R Holzman, B Iordanova, A Johnson, E Kane, JL Khan, N Kulinich, P Kuo, CM Lee, JW Lin, WT Manly, S Mignerey, AC Nouicer, R Olszewski, A Pak, R Park, IC Pernegger, H Reed, C Roland, C Roland, G Sagerer, J Sarin, P Sedykh, I Skulski, W Smith, CE Steinberg, P Stephans, GSF Sukhanov, A Tonjes, MB Trzupek, A Vale, C van Nieuwenhuizen, GJ Verdier, R Veres, GI Wolfs, FLH Wosiek, B Wozniak, K Wyslouch, B Zhang, J AF Back, BB Baker, MD Ballintijn, M Barton, DS Becker, B Betts, RR Bickley, AA Bindel, R Busza, W Carroll, A Decowski, MP Garcia, E Gburek, T George, N Gulbrandsen, K Gushue, S Halliwell, C Hamblen, J Harrington, AS Henderson, C Hofman, DJ Hollis, RS Holynski, R Holzman, B Iordanova, A Johnson, E Kane, JL Khan, N Kulinich, P Kuo, CM Lee, JW Lin, WT Manly, S Mignerey, AC Nouicer, R Olszewski, A Pak, R Park, IC Pernegger, H Reed, C Roland, C Roland, G Sagerer, J Sarin, P Sedykh, I Skulski, W Smith, CE Steinberg, P Stephans, GSF Sukhanov, A Tonjes, MB Trzupek, A Vale, C van Nieuwenhuizen, GJ Verdier, R Veres, GI Wolfs, FLH Wosiek, B Wozniak, K Wyslouch, B Zhang, J CA PHOBOS Collaboration TI Centrality dependence of charged antiparticle to particle ratios near midrapidity in d+Au collisions at root s(NN)=200 GeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR COLLISIONS; DISTRIBUTIONS AB The ratios of the yields of charged antiparticles to particles have been obtained for pions, kaons, and protons near midrapidity for d+Au collisions at root/s(NN)=200 GeV as a function of centrality. The reported values represent the ratio of the yields averaged over the rapidity range of 0.1 < y(pi) < 1.3 and 0 < y(K,p) <0.8, where positive rapidity is in the deuteron direction, and for transverse momenta 0.1eta K-c decays SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID HADRONIC DECAYS; B-DECAYS; FACTORIZATION; CHARMONIUM; RATIOS AB We study the decays B+-->eta(c)K(+) and B-0-->eta(c)K(0), where the eta(c) is reconstructed in the K(S)(0)K(+/-)pi(-/+) and K(+)K(-)pi(0) decay modes. Results are based on a sample of 86 million B (B) over bar pairs collected with the BABAR detector at the SLAC e(+)e(-) B Factory. We measure the product of branching fractions B(B+-->eta(c)K(+))xB(eta(c)-->K (K) over bar pi)=(7.40+/-0.50+/-0.70)x10(-5) and B(B-0-->eta(c)K(0))xB(eta(c)-->K (K) over bar pi)=(6.48+/-0.85+/-0.71)x10(-5), where the first error is statistical and the second is systematic. In addition, we search for B-->eta(c)K events with eta(c)-->2(K+K-) and eta(c)-->phiphi and determine the eta(c) decay branching fraction ratios B(eta(c)-->2(K+K-))/B(eta(c)-->K (K) over bar pi)=(2.3+/-0.7+/-0.6)x10(-2) and B(eta(c)-->phiphi)/B(eta(c)-->K (K) over bar pi)=(5.5+/-1.4+/-0.5)x10(-2). C1 Phys Particules Lab, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. Univ Bari, Dipartmento Fis, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Univ Bergen, Inst Phys, N-5007 Bergen, Norway. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. Ruhr Univ Bochum, Inst Expt Phys, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. Univ Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. Brunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England. Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Kern & Teilchenphys, D-01062 Dresden, Germany. Ecole Polytech, LLR, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. Univ Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Midlothian, Scotland. Univ Ferrara, Dipartmento Fis, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Florida A&M Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32307 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Genoa, Dipartimento Fis, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Univ Heidelberg, Inst Phys, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London SW7 2AZ, England. Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Lab Accelerateur Lineaire, F-91898 Orsay, France. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Liverpool, Liverpool L69 72E, Merseyside, England. Univ London, Queen Mary, London E1 4NS, England. Univ London, Royal Holloway & Bedford New Coll, Egham TW20 0EX, Surrey, England. Univ Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. Univ Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. MIT, Nucl Sci Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA. Univ Montreal, Lab Rene JS Levesque, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. Mt Holyoke Coll, S Hadley, MA 01075 USA. Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Sci Fis, I-80126 Naples, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-80126 Naples, Italy. NIKHEF, Natl Inst Nucl Phys & High Energy Phys, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Univ Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Univ Paris 06, Lab Phys Nucl HE, F-75252 Paris, France. Univ Paris 07, Lab Phys Nucl HE, F-75252 Paris, France. Univ Pavia, Dipartimento Elettr, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis, Scuola Normale Super Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. Prairie View A&M Univ, Prairie View, TX 77446 USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Univ Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. CEA Saclay, DSM Dapnia, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. SUNY Albany, Albany, NY 12222 USA. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Univ Texas, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Sperimentale, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Univ Trieste, Dipartmento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Univ Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6, Canada. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. Univ Basilicata, I-85100 Potenza, Italy. Univ Valencia, CSIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular, IFIC, Valencia, Spain. RP Aubert, B (reprint author), Phys Particules Lab, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. RI Negrini, Matteo/C-8906-2014; Monge, Maria Roberta/G-9127-2012; Luppi, Eleonora/A-4902-2015; Kravchenko, Evgeniy/F-5457-2015; Calabrese, Roberto/G-4405-2015; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/G-7212-2015; Martinez Vidal, F*/L-7563-2014; Kolomensky, Yury/I-3510-2015; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/J-5049-2012; Grancagnolo, Sergio/J-3957-2015; Lusiani, Alberto/N-2976-2015; Lusiani, Alberto/A-3329-2016; Morandin, Mauro/A-3308-2016; Cavallo, Nicola/F-8913-2012; Saeed, Mohammad Alam/J-7455-2012; de Groot, Nicolo/A-2675-2009; Lista, Luca/C-5719-2008; Bellini, Fabio/D-1055-2009; crosetti, nanni/H-3040-2011; Neri, Nicola/G-3991-2012; Forti, Francesco/H-3035-2011; Rotondo, Marcello/I-6043-2012; Patrignani, Claudia/C-5223-2009; de Sangro, Riccardo/J-2901-2012; M, Saleem/B-9137-2013; Sarti, Alessio/I-2833-2012; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Di Lodovico, Francesca/L-9109-2016; Calcaterra, Alessandro/P-5260-2015; Frey, Raymond/E-2830-2016 OI Negrini, Matteo/0000-0003-0101-6963; Monge, Maria Roberta/0000-0003-1633-3195; Luppi, Eleonora/0000-0002-1072-5633; Calabrese, Roberto/0000-0002-1354-5400; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/0000-0002-4276-715X; Martinez Vidal, F*/0000-0001-6841-6035; Kolomensky, Yury/0000-0001-8496-9975; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/0000-0002-6520-4480; Grancagnolo, Sergio/0000-0001-8490-8304; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Morandin, Mauro/0000-0003-4708-4240; Saeed, Mohammad Alam/0000-0002-3529-9255; Bellini, Fabio/0000-0002-2936-660X; Neri, Nicola/0000-0002-6106-3756; Forti, Francesco/0000-0001-6535-7965; Rotondo, Marcello/0000-0001-5704-6163; Patrignani, Claudia/0000-0002-5882-1747; de Sangro, Riccardo/0000-0002-3808-5455; Sarti, Alessio/0000-0001-5419-7951; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Di Lodovico, Francesca/0000-0003-3952-2175; Calcaterra, Alessandro/0000-0003-2670-4826; Frey, Raymond/0000-0003-0341-2636 NR 20 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL PY 2004 VL 70 IS 1 AR 011101 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.70.011101 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 844DZ UT WOS:000223138900001 ER PT J AU Aubert, B Barate, R Boutigny, D Couderc, F Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Tisserand, V Zghiche, A Palano, A Pompili, A Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Ofte, I Stugu, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Charles, E Day, CT Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kukartsev, G LeClerc, C Lynch, G Merchant, AM Mir, LM Oddone, PJ Orimoto, TJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Ronan, MT Shelkov, VG Telnov, AV Wenzel, WA Ford, K Harrison, TJ Hawkes, CM Morgan, SE Watson, AT Fritsch, M Goetzen, K Held, T Koch, H Lewandowski, B Pelizaeus, M Steinke, M Boyd, JT Chevalier, N Cottingham, WN Kelly, MP Latham, TE Wilson, FF Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T Hearty, C Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Kyberd, P Teodorescu, L Blinov, VE Bukin, AD Druzhinin, VP Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Solodov, EP Yushkov, AN Best, D Bruinsma, M Chao, M Eschrich, I Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M Mommsen, RK Roethel, W Stoker, DP Buchanan, C Hartfiel, BL Gary, JW Shen, BC Wang, K del Re, D Hadavand, HK Hill, EJ MacFarlane, DB Paar, HP Rahatlou, S Sharma, V Berryhill, JW Campagnari, C Dahmes, B Levy, SL Long, O Lu, A Mazur, MA Richman, JD Verkerke, W Beck, TW Eisner, AM Heusch, CA Lockman, WS Schalk, T Schmitz, RE Schumm, BA Seiden, A Spradlin, P Williams, DC Wilson, MG Albert, J Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Hitlin, DG Narsky, I Piatenko, T Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Yang, S Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Abe, T Blanc, F Bloom, P Chen, S Clark, PJ Ford, WT Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Rankin, P Smith, JG Zhang, L Chen, A Harton, JL Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Zeng, QL Altenburg, D Brandt, T Brose, J Colberg, T Dickopp, M Feltresi, E Hauke, A Lacker, HM Maly, E Muller-Pfefferkorn, R Nogowski, R Otto, S Petzold, A Schubert, J Schubert, KR Schwierz, R Spaan, B Sundermann, JE Bernard, D Bonneaud, GR Brochard, F Grenier, P Schrenk, S Thiebaux, C Vasileiadis, G Verderi, M Bard, DJ Khan, A Lavin, D Muheim, F Playfer, S Andreotti, M Azzolini, V Bettoni, D Bozzi, C Calabrese, R Cibinetto, G Luppi, E Negrini, M Piemontese, L Sarti, A Treadwell, E Baldini-Ferroli, R Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Finocchiaro, G Patteri, P Piccolo, M Zallo, A Buzzo, A Capra, R Contri, R Crosetti, G Lo Vetere, M Macri, M Monge, MR Passaggio, S Patrignani, C Robutti, E Santroni, A Tosi, S Bailey, S Brandenburg, G Morii, M Won, E Dubitzky, RS Langenegger, U Bhimji, W Bowerman, DA Dauncey, PD Egede, U Gaillard, JR Morton, GW Nash, JA Taylor, GP Grenier, GJ Mallik, U Cochran, J Crawley, HB Lamsa, J Meyer, WT Prell, S Rosenberg, EI Yi, J Davier, M Grosdidier, G Hocker, A Laplace, S Le Diberder, F Lepeltier, V Lutz, AM Petersen, TC Plaszczynski, S Schune, MH Tantot, L Wormser, G Cheng, CH Lange, DJ Simani, MC Wright, DM Bevan, AJ Coleman, JP Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R Parry, RJ Payne, DJ Sloane, RJ Touramanis, C Back, JJ Cormack, CM Harrison, PF Mohanty, GB Brown, CL Cowan, G Flack, RL Flaecher, HU Green, MG Marker, CE McMahon, TR Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Vaitsas, G Winter, MA Brown, D Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, NR Barlow, RJ Hart, PA Hodgkinson, MC Lafferty, GD Lyon, AJ Williams, JC Farbin, A Hulsbergen, WD Jawahery, A Kovalskyi, D Lae, CK Lillard, V Roberts, DA Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Flood, KT Hertzbach, SS Kofler, R Koptchev, VB Moore, TB Saremi, S Staengle, H Willocq, S Cowan, R Sciolla, G Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Mangeol, DJJ Patel, PM Robertson, SH Lazzaro, A Palombo, F Bauer, JM Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Godang, R Kroeger, R Reidy, J Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Zhao, HW Brunet, S Cote, D Taras, P Nicholson, H Cavallo, N Fabozzi, F Gatto, C Lista, L Monorchio, D Paolucci, P Piccolo, D 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Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Charles, E Day, CT Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kukartsev, G LeClerc, C Lynch, G Merchant, AM Mir, LM Oddone, PJ Orimoto, TJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Ronan, MT Shelkov, VG Telnov, AV Wenzel, WA Ford, K Harrison, TJ Hawkes, CM Morgan, SE Watson, AT Fritsch, M Goetzen, K Held, T Koch, H Lewandowski, B Pelizaeus, M Steinke, M Boyd, JT Chevalier, N Cottingham, WN Kelly, MP Latham, TE Wilson, FF Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T Hearty, C Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Kyberd, P Teodorescu, L Blinov, VE Bukin, AD Druzhinin, VP Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Solodov, EP Yushkov, AN Best, D Bruinsma, M Chao, M Eschrich, I Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M Mommsen, RK Roethel, W Stoker, DP Buchanan, C Hartfiel, BL Gary, JW Shen, BC Wang, K del Re, D Hadavand, HK Hill, EJ MacFarlane, DB Paar, HP Rahatlou, S Sharma, V Berryhill, JW Campagnari, C Dahmes, B Levy, SL Long, O Lu, A Mazur, MA Richman, JD Verkerke, W Beck, TW Eisner, AM Heusch, CA Lockman, WS Schalk, T Schmitz, RE Schumm, BA Seiden, A Spradlin, P Williams, DC Wilson, MG Albert, J Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Hitlin, DG Narsky, I Piatenko, T Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Yang, S Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Abe, T Blanc, F Bloom, P Chen, S Clark, PJ Ford, WT Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Rankin, P Smith, JG Zhang, L Chen, A Harton, JL Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Zeng, QL Altenburg, D Brandt, T Brose, J Colberg, T Dickopp, M Feltresi, E Hauke, A Lacker, HM Maly, E Muller-Pfefferkorn, R Nogowski, R Otto, S Petzold, A Schubert, J Schubert, KR Schwierz, R Spaan, B Sundermann, JE Bernard, D Bonneaud, GR Brochard, F Grenier, P Schrenk, S Thiebaux, C Vasileiadis, G Verderi, M Bard, DJ Khan, A Lavin, D Muheim, F Playfer, S Andreotti, M Azzolini, V Bettoni, D Bozzi, C Calabrese, R Cibinetto, G Luppi, E Negrini, M Piemontese, L Sarti, A Treadwell, E Baldini-Ferroli, R Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Finocchiaro, G Patteri, P Piccolo, M Zallo, A Buzzo, A Capra, R Contri, R Crosetti, G Lo Vetere, M Macri, M Monge, MR Passaggio, S Patrignani, C Robutti, E Santroni, A Tosi, S Bailey, S Brandenburg, G Morii, M Won, E Dubitzky, RS Langenegger, U Bhimji, W Bowerman, DA Dauncey, PD Egede, U Gaillard, JR Morton, GW Nash, JA Taylor, GP Grenier, GJ Mallik, U Cochran, J Crawley, HB Lamsa, J Meyer, WT Prell, S Rosenberg, EI Yi, J Davier, M Grosdidier, G Hocker, A Laplace, S Le Diberder, F Lepeltier, V Lutz, AM Petersen, TC Plaszczynski, S Schune, MH Tantot, L Wormser, G Cheng, CH Lange, DJ Simani, MC Wright, DM Bevan, AJ Coleman, JP Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R Parry, RJ Payne, DJ Sloane, RJ Touramanis, C Back, JJ Cormack, CM Harrison, PF Mohanty, GB Brown, CL Cowan, G Flack, RL Flaecher, HU Green, MG Marker, CE McMahon, TR Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Vaitsas, G Winter, MA Brown, D Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, NR Barlow, RJ Hart, PA Hodgkinson, MC Lafferty, GD Lyon, AJ Williams, JC Farbin, A Hulsbergen, WD Jawahery, A Kovalskyi, D Lae, CK Lillard, V Roberts, DA Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Flood, KT Hertzbach, SS Kofler, R Koptchev, VB Moore, TB Saremi, S Staengle, H Willocq, S Cowan, R Sciolla, G Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Mangeol, DJJ Patel, PM Robertson, SH Lazzaro, A Palombo, F Bauer, JM Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Godang, R Kroeger, R Reidy, J Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Zhao, HW Brunet, S Cote, D Taras, P Nicholson, H Cavallo, N Fabozzi, F Gatto, C Lista, L Monorchio, D Paolucci, P Piccolo, D Sciacca, C Baak, M Bulten, H Raven, G Wilden, L Jessop, CP LoSecco, JM Gabriel, TA Allmendinger, T Brau, B Gan, KK Honscheid, K Hufnagel, D Kagan, H Kass, R Pulliam, T Rahimi, AM Ter-Antonyan, R Wong, QK Brau, J Frey, R Igonkina, O Potter, CT Sinev, NB Strom, D Torrence, E Colecchia, F Dorigo, A Galeazzi, F Margoni, M Morandin, M Posocco, M Rotondo, M Simonetto, F Stroili, R Tiozzo, G Voci, C Benayoun, M Briand, H Chauveau, J David, P de la Vaissiere, C Del Buono, L Hamon, O John, MJJ Leruste, P Ocariz, J Pivk, M Roos, L T'Jampens, S Therin, G Manfredi, PF Re, V Behera, PK Gladney, L Guo, QH Panetta, J Anulli, F Peruzzi, IM Biasini, M Pioppi, M Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bondioli, M Bucci, F Calderini, G Carpinelli, M Del Gamba, V Forti, F Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Marchiori, G Martinez-Vidal, F Morganti, M Neri, N Paoloni, E Rama, M Rizzo, G Sandrelli, F Walsh, J Haire, M Judd, D Paick, K Wagoner, DE Danielson, N Elmer, P Lu, C Miftakov, V Olsen, J Smith, AJS Bellini, F Faccini, R Ferrarotto, F Ferroni, F Gaspero, M Li Gioi, L Mazzoni, MA Morganti, S Pierini, M Piredda, G Tehrani, FS Voena, C Cavoto, G Christ, S Wagner, G Waldi, R Adye, T De Groot, N Franek, B Geddes, NI Gopal, GP Olaiya, EO Aleksan, R Emery, S Gaidot, A Ganzhur, SF Giraud, PF de Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Langer, M Legendre, M London, GW Mayer, B Schott, G Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Purohit, MV Weidemann, AW Yumiceva, FX Aston, D Bartoldus, R Berger, N Boyarski, AM Buchmueller, OL Convery, MR Cristinziani, M De Nardo, G Dong, D Dorfan, J Dujmic, D Dunwoodie, W Elsen, EE Fan, S Field, RC Glanzman, T Gowdy, SJ Hadig, T Halyo, V Hast, C Hryn'ova, T Innes, WR Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Leith, DWGS Libby, J Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Marsiske, H Messner, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Ozcan, VE Perazzo, A Perl, M Petrak, S Ratcliff, BN Roodman, A Salnikov, AA Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Simi, G Snyder, A Soha, A Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weaver, M Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Wittgen, M Wright, DH Yarritu, AK Young, CC Burchat, PR Edwards, AJ Meyer, TI Petersen, BA Roat, C Ahmed, S Alam, MS Ernst, JA Saeed, MA Saleem, M Wappler, FR Bugg, W Krishnamurthy, M Spanier, SM Eckmann, R Kim, H Ritchie, JL Satpathy, A Schwitters, RF Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Ye, S Bianchi, F Bona, M Gallo, F Gamba, D Borean, C Bosisio, L Cartaro, C Cossutti, F Della Ricca, G Dittongo, S Grancagnolo, S Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vitale, L Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Banerjee, S Brown, CM Fortin, D Jackson, PD Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Band, HR Dasu, S Datta, M Eichenbaum, AM Hollar, JJ Johnson, JR Kutter, PE Li, H Liu, R Di Lodovico, F Mihalyi, A Mohapatra, AK Pan, Y Prepost, R Sekula, SJ Tan, P von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, J Wu, SL Yu, Z Neal, H CA BaBar Collaboration TI Limits on the decay-rate difference of neutral B mesons and on CP, T, and CPT violation in B-0$$(B)over-bar(0) oscillations SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID KAON SYSTEM; ASYMMETRIES; PARAMETERS; SEARCH; TESTS AB Using events in which one of two neutral B mesons from the decay of an Y(4S) resonance is fully reconstructed, we set limits on the difference between the decay rates of the two neutral B mass eigenstates and on CP, T, and CPT violation in B-0(B) over bar (0) mixing. The reconstructed decays, comprising both CP and flavor eigenstates, are obtained from 88 million Y(4S)-->B (B) over bar decays collected with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II asymmetric-energy B Factory at SLAC. We determine six independent parameters governing oscillations (Deltam,DeltaGamma/Gamma), CPT and CP violation (Re z,Im z), and CP and T violation (Im lambda(CP),\q/p\), where lambda(CP) characterizes B-0 and (B) over bar (0) decays to states of charmonium plus K-S(0) or K-L(0). The results are sgn(Re lambda(CP))DeltaGamma/Gamma=-0.008+/-0.037(stat.)+/-0.018(syst.)[-0.084,0.068], \q/p\=1.029+/-0.013(stat.)+/-0.011(syst.)[1.001,1.057], (Re lambda(CP)/\lambda(CP)\)Re z=0.014+/-0.035(stat.)+/-0.034(syst.)[-0.072,0.101], Im z=0.038+/-0.029(stat.)+/-0.025(syst.)[-0.028,0.104]. The values inside square brackets indicate the 90% confidence-level intervals. The values of Im lambda(CP) and Deltam are consistent with previous analyses and are used as cross checks. 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Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. CEA Saclay, DSM Dapnia, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. SUNY Albany, Albany, NY 12222 USA. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Univ Texas, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Sperimentale, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Univ Trieste, Dipartmento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Univ Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6, Canada. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. Univ Basilicata, I-85100 Potenza, Italy. Univ Valencia, CSIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular, IFIC, Valencia, Spain. RP Phys Particules Lab, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. RI Lusiani, Alberto/A-3329-2016; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Di Lodovico, Francesca/L-9109-2016; Calcaterra, Alessandro/P-5260-2015; Frey, Raymond/E-2830-2016; Saeed, Mohammad Alam/J-7455-2012; Negrini, Matteo/C-8906-2014; Monge, Maria Roberta/G-9127-2012; Luppi, Eleonora/A-4902-2015; Kravchenko, Evgeniy/F-5457-2015; Calabrese, Roberto/G-4405-2015; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/G-7212-2015; Martinez Vidal, F*/L-7563-2014; Kolomensky, Yury/I-3510-2015; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/J-5049-2012; Grancagnolo, Sergio/J-3957-2015; Lusiani, Alberto/N-2976-2015; Morandin, Mauro/A-3308-2016; de Groot, Nicolo/A-2675-2009; Lista, Luca/C-5719-2008; Bellini, Fabio/D-1055-2009; crosetti, nanni/H-3040-2011; de Sangro, Riccardo/J-2901-2012; M, Saleem/B-9137-2013; Sarti, Alessio/I-2833-2012; Cavallo, Nicola/F-8913-2012; Roe, Natalie/A-8798-2012; Neri, Nicola/G-3991-2012; Forti, Francesco/H-3035-2011; Rotondo, Marcello/I-6043-2012; Patrignani, Claudia/C-5223-2009 OI Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Di Lodovico, Francesca/0000-0003-3952-2175; Calcaterra, Alessandro/0000-0003-2670-4826; Frey, Raymond/0000-0003-0341-2636; Cavoto, Gianluca/0000-0003-2161-918X; Re, Valerio/0000-0003-0697-3420; Saeed, Mohammad Alam/0000-0002-3529-9255; Negrini, Matteo/0000-0003-0101-6963; Monge, Maria Roberta/0000-0003-1633-3195; Luppi, Eleonora/0000-0002-1072-5633; Calabrese, Roberto/0000-0002-1354-5400; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/0000-0002-4276-715X; Martinez Vidal, F*/0000-0001-6841-6035; Kolomensky, Yury/0000-0001-8496-9975; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/0000-0002-6520-4480; Grancagnolo, Sergio/0000-0001-8490-8304; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Morandin, Mauro/0000-0003-4708-4240; Bellini, Fabio/0000-0002-2936-660X; de Sangro, Riccardo/0000-0002-3808-5455; Sarti, Alessio/0000-0001-5419-7951; Neri, Nicola/0000-0002-6106-3756; Forti, Francesco/0000-0001-6535-7965; Rotondo, Marcello/0000-0001-5704-6163; Patrignani, Claudia/0000-0002-5882-1747 NR 43 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL PY 2004 VL 70 IS 1 AR 012007 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.70.012007 PG 26 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 844DZ UT WOS:000223138900009 ER PT J AU Balazs, C Carena, M Wagner, CEM AF Balazs, C Carena, M Wagner, CEM TI Dark matter, light top squarks, and electroweak baryogenesis SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Review ID SUPERSYMMETRIC STANDARD MODEL; EXPLICIT CP VIOLATION; WEINBERG-SALAM THEORY; HIGGS-BOSON SECTOR; FINITE-TEMPERATURE; PHASE-TRANSITION; DIMENSIONAL REDUCTION; PARTICLE PHYSICS; FIELD-THEORY; MSSM AB We examine the neutralino relic density in the presence of a light top squark, such as the one required for the realization of the electroweak baryogenesis mechanism, within the minimal supersymmetric standard model. We show that there are three clearly distinguishable regions of parameter space, where the relic density is consistent with WMAP and other cosmological data. These regions are characterized by annihilation cross sections mediated by either light Higgs bosons, Z bosons, or by the co-annihilation with the lightest top squark. Tevatron collider experiments can test the presence of the light top squark in most of the parameter space. In the co-annihilation region, however, the mass difference between the light top squark and the lightest neutralino varies between 15 and 30 GeV, presenting an interesting challenge for top squark searches at hadron colliders. We present the prospects for direct detection of dark matter, which provides a complementary way of testing this scenario. We also derive the required structure of the high energy soft supersymmetry breaking mass parameters where the neutralino is a dark matter candidate and the top squark spectrum is consistent with electroweak baryogenesis and the present bounds on the lightest Higgs boson mass. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, HEP Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Argonne Natl Lab, HEP Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 119 TC 77 Z9 77 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL PY 2004 VL 70 IS 1 AR 015007 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.70.015007 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 844DZ UT WOS:000223138900049 ER PT J AU Baltz, EA Wai, L AF Baltz, EA Wai, L TI Diffuse inverse Compton and synchrotron emission from dark matter annihilations in galactic satellites SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID GAMMA-RAY EMISSION; EGRET OBSERVATIONS; COSMOLOGICAL PARAMETERS; POINT SOURCES; MILKY-WAY; HALO; GALAXY; LIMITS; PROBE; ANTIPROTONS AB Annihilating dark matter particles produce roughly as much power in electrons and positrons as in gamma ray photons. The charged particles lose essentially all of their energy to inverse Compton and synchrotron processes in the galactic environment. We discuss the diffuse signature of dark matter annihilations in satellites of the Milky Way (which may be optically dark with few or no stars), providing a tail of emission trailing the satellite in its orbit. Inverse Compton processes provide x rays and gamma rays, and synchrotron emission at radio wavelengths might be seen. We discuss the possibility of detecting these signals with current and future observations, in particular EGRET and GLAST for the gamma rays. C1 Stanford Univ, KIPAC, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. SLAC, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Stanford Univ, KIPAC, MS 29,POB 20450, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. EM eabaltz@slac.stanford.edu; wai@slac.stanford.edu NR 63 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL PY 2004 VL 70 IS 2 AR 023512 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.70.023512 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 845HQ UT WOS:000223233400025 ER PT J AU Chekanov, S Derrick, M Krakauer, D Loizides, JH Magill, S Miglioranzi, S Musgrave, B Repond, J Yoshida, R Mattingly, MCK Antonioli, P Bari, G Basile, M Bellagamba, L Boscherini, D Bruni, A Bruni, G Romeo, GC Cifarelli, L Cindolo, F Contin, A Corradi, M De Pasquale, S Giusti, P Iacobucci, G Margotti, A Montanari, A Nania, R Palmonari, F Pesci, A Sartorelli, G Zichichi, A Aghuzumtsyan, G Bartsch, D Brock, I Goers, S Hartmann, H Hilger, E Irrgang, P Jakob, HP Kind, O Meyer, U Paul, E Rautenberg, J Renner, R Stifutkin, A Tandler, J Voss, KC Wang, M Weber, A Bailey, DS Brook, NH Cole, JE Heath, GP Namsoo, T Robins, S Wing, M Capua, M Mastroberardino, A Schioppa, M Susinno, G Kim, JY Kim, YK Lee, JH Lim, IT Pac, MY Caldwell, A Helbich, M Liu, X Mellado, B Ning, Y Paganis, S Ren, Z Schmidke, WB Sciulli, F Chwastowski, J Eskreys, A Figiel, J Galas, A Olkiewicz, K Stopa, P Zawiejski, L Adamczyk, L Bold, T Grabowska-Bold, I Kisielewska, D Kowal, AM Kowal, M Kowalski, T Przybycien, M Suszycki, L Szuba, D Szuba, J Kotanski, A Slominski, W Adler, V Behrens, U Bloch, I Borras, K Chiochia, V Dannheim, D Drews, G Fourletova, J Fricke, U Geiser, A Gottlicher, P Gutsche, O Haas, T Hain, W Hillert, S Kahle, B Kotz, U Kowalski, H Kramberger, G Labes, H Lelas, D Lim, H Lohr, B Mankel, R Melzer-Pellmann, IA Nguyen, CN Notz, D Nuncio-Quiroz, AE Polini, A Raval, A Rurua, L Schneekloth, U Stosslein, U Wolf, G Youngman, C Zeuner, W Schlenstedt, S Barbagli, G Gallo, E Genta, C Pelfer, PG Bamberger, A Benen, A Karstens, F Dobur, D Vlasov, NN Bell, M Bussey, PJ Doyle, AT Ferrando, J Hamilton, J Hanlon, S Saxon, DH Skillicorn, IO Gialas, I Carli, T Gosau, T Holm, U Krumnack, N Lohrmann, E Milite, M Salehi, H Schleper, P Stonjek, S Wichmann, K Wick, K Ziegler, A Ziegler, A Collins-Tooth, C Foudas, C Goncalo, R Long, KR Tapper, AD Cloth, P Filges, D Kataoka, M Nagano, K Tokushuku, K Yamada, S Yamazaki, Y Barakbaev, AN Boos, EG Pokrovskiy, NS Zhautykov, BO Son, D Piotrzkowski, K Barreiro, F Glasman, C Gonzalez, O Labarga, L del Peso, J Tassi, E Terron, J Vazquez, M Zambrana, M Barbi, M Corriveau, F Gliga, S Lainesse, J Padhi, S Stairs, DG Walsh, R Tsurugai, T Antonov, A Danilov, P Dolgoshein, BA Gladkov, D Sosnovtsev, V Suchkov, S Dementiev, RK Ermolov, PF Golubkov, YA Katkov, II Khein, LA Korzhavina, IA Kuzmin, VA Levchenko, BB Lukina, OY Proskuryakov, AS Shcheglova, LM Zotkin, SA Coppola, N Grijpink, S Koffeman, E Kooijman, P Maddox, E Pellegrino, A Schagen, S Tiecke, H Velthuis, JJ Wiggers, L de Wolf, E Brummer, N Bylsma, B Durkin, LS Ling, TY Cooper-Sarkar, AM Cottrell, A Devenish, RCE Foster, B Grzelak, G Gwenlan, C Patel, S Straub, PB Walczak, R Bertolin, A Brugnera, R Carlin, R Dal Corso, F Dusini, S Garfagnini, A Limentani, S Longhin, A Parenti, A Posocco, M Stanco, L Turcato, M Heaphy, EA Metlica, F Oh, BY Whitmore, JJ Iga, Y D'Agostini, G Marini, G Nigro, A Cormack, C Hart, JC McCubbin, NA Heusch, C Park, IH Pavel, N Abramowicz, H Gabareen, A Kananov, S Kreisel, A Levy, A Kuze, M Fusayasu, T Kagawa, S Kohno, T Tawara, T Yamashita, T Hamatsu, R Hirose, T Inuzuka, M Kaji, H Kitamura, S Matsuzawa, K Ferrero, MI Monaco, V Sacchi, R Solano, A Arneodo, M Ruspa, M Koop, T Martin, JF Mirea, A Butterworth, JM Hall-Wilton, R Jones, TW Lightwood, MS Sutton, MR Targett-Adams, C Ciborowski, J Ciesielski, R Luzniak, P Nowak, RJ Pawlak, JM Sztuk, J Tymieniecka, T Ukleja, A Ukleja, J Zarnecki, AF Adamus, M Plucinski, P Eisenberg, Y Gladilin, LK Hochman, D Karshon, U Riveline, M Kcira, D Lammers, S Li, L Reeder, DD Rosin, M Savin, AA Smith, WH Deshpande, A Dhawan, S Bhadra, S Catterall, CD Fourletov, S Hartner, G Menary, S Soares, M Standage, J AF Chekanov, S Derrick, M Krakauer, D Loizides, JH Magill, S Miglioranzi, S Musgrave, B Repond, J Yoshida, R Mattingly, MCK Antonioli, P Bari, G Basile, M Bellagamba, L Boscherini, D Bruni, A Bruni, G Romeo, GC Cifarelli, L Cindolo, F Contin, A Corradi, M De Pasquale, S Giusti, P Iacobucci, G Margotti, A Montanari, A Nania, R Palmonari, F Pesci, A Sartorelli, G Zichichi, A Aghuzumtsyan, G Bartsch, D Brock, I Goers, S Hartmann, H Hilger, E Irrgang, P Jakob, HP Kind, O Meyer, U Paul, E Rautenberg, J Renner, R Stifutkin, A Tandler, J Voss, KC Wang, M Weber, A Bailey, DS Brook, NH Cole, JE Heath, GP Namsoo, T Robins, S Wing, M Capua, M Mastroberardino, A Schioppa, M Susinno, G Kim, JY Kim, YK Lee, JH Lim, IT Pac, MY Caldwell, A Helbich, M Liu, X Mellado, B Ning, Y Paganis, S Ren, Z Schmidke, WB Sciulli, F Chwastowski, J Eskreys, A Figiel, J Galas, A Olkiewicz, K Stopa, P Zawiejski, L Adamczyk, L Bold, T Grabowska-Bold, I Kisielewska, D Kowal, AM Kowal, M Kowalski, T Przybycien, M Suszycki, L Szuba, D Szuba, J Kotanski, A Slominski, W Adler, V Behrens, U Bloch, I Borras, K Chiochia, V Dannheim, D Drews, G Fourletova, J Fricke, U Geiser, A Gottlicher, P Gutsche, O Haas, T Hain, W Hillert, S Kahle, B Kotz, U Kowalski, H Kramberger, G Labes, H Lelas, D Lim, H Lohr, B Mankel, R Melzer-Pellmann, IA Nguyen, CN Notz, D Nuncio-Quiroz, AE Polini, A Raval, A Rurua, L Schneekloth, U Stosslein, U Wolf, G Youngman, C Zeuner, W Schlenstedt, S Barbagli, G Gallo, E Genta, C Pelfer, PG Bamberger, A Benen, A Karstens, F Dobur, D Vlasov, NN Bell, M Bussey, PJ Doyle, AT Ferrando, J Hamilton, J Hanlon, S Saxon, DH Skillicorn, IO Gialas, I Carli, T Gosau, T Holm, U Krumnack, N Lohrmann, E Milite, M Salehi, H Schleper, P Stonjek, S Wichmann, K Wick, K Ziegler, A Ziegler, A Collins-Tooth, C Foudas, C Goncalo, R Long, KR Tapper, AD Cloth, P Filges, D Kataoka, M Nagano, K Tokushuku, K Yamada, S Yamazaki, Y Barakbaev, AN Boos, EG Pokrovskiy, NS Zhautykov, BO Son, D Piotrzkowski, K Barreiro, F Glasman, C Gonzalez, O Labarga, L del Peso, J Tassi, E Terron, J Vazquez, M Zambrana, M Barbi, M Corriveau, F Gliga, S Lainesse, J Padhi, S Stairs, DG Walsh, R Tsurugai, T Antonov, A Danilov, P Dolgoshein, BA Gladkov, D Sosnovtsev, V Suchkov, S Dementiev, RK Ermolov, PF Golubkov, YA Katkov, II Khein, LA Korzhavina, IA Kuzmin, VA Levchenko, BB Lukina, OY Proskuryakov, AS Shcheglova, LM Zotkin, SA Coppola, N Grijpink, S Koffeman, E Kooijman, P Maddox, E Pellegrino, A Schagen, S Tiecke, H Velthuis, JJ Wiggers, L de Wolf, E Brummer, N Bylsma, B Durkin, LS Ling, TY Cooper-Sarkar, AM Cottrell, A Devenish, RCE Foster, B Grzelak, G Gwenlan, C Patel, S Straub, PB Walczak, R Bertolin, A Brugnera, R Carlin, R Dal Corso, F Dusini, S Garfagnini, A Limentani, S Longhin, A Parenti, A Posocco, M Stanco, L Turcato, M Heaphy, EA Metlica, F Oh, BY Whitmore, JJ Iga, Y D'Agostini, G Marini, G Nigro, A Cormack, C Hart, JC McCubbin, NA Heusch, C Park, IH Pavel, N Abramowicz, H Gabareen, A Kananov, S Kreisel, A Levy, A Kuze, M Fusayasu, T Kagawa, S Kohno, T Tawara, T Yamashita, T Hamatsu, R Hirose, T Inuzuka, M Kaji, H Kitamura, S Matsuzawa, K Ferrero, MI Monaco, V Sacchi, R Solano, A Arneodo, M Ruspa, M Koop, T Martin, JF Mirea, A Butterworth, JM Hall-Wilton, R Jones, TW Lightwood, MS Sutton, MR Targett-Adams, C Ciborowski, J Ciesielski, R Luzniak, P Nowak, RJ Pawlak, JM Sztuk, J Tymieniecka, T Ukleja, A Ukleja, J Zarnecki, AF Adamus, M Plucinski, P Eisenberg, Y Gladilin, LK Hochman, D Karshon, U Riveline, M Kcira, D Lammers, S Li, L Reeder, DD Rosin, M Savin, AA Smith, WH Deshpande, A Dhawan, S Bhadra, S Catterall, CD Fourletov, S Hartner, G Menary, S Soares, M Standage, J CA ZEUS Collaboration TI Bottom photoproduction measured using decays into muons in dijet events in ep collisions at root s=318 GeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID PRODUCTION CROSS-SECTION; DEEP-INELASTIC-SCATTERING; CENTRAL TRACKING DETECTOR; ZEUS BARREL CALORIMETER; OPEN BEAUTY PRODUCTION; P(P)OVER-BAR COLLISIONS; QUARK PRODUCTION; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; HADRON-COLLISIONS; 1.8 TEV AB The photoproduction of bottom quarks in events with two jets and a muon has been measured with the ZEUS detector at HERA using an integrated luminosity of 110 pb(-1). The fraction of jets containing b quarks was extracted from the transverse momentum distribution of the muon relative to the closest jet. Differential cross sections for bottom production as a function of the transverse momentum and pseudorapidity of the muon, of the associated jet and of x(gamma)(jets), the fraction of the photon's momentum participating in the hard process, are compared with MC models and QCD predictions made at next-to-leading order. The latter give a good description of the data. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Andrews Univ, Berrien Springs, MI 49104 USA. Univ Bologna, Bologna, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, D-5300 Bonn, Germany. Univ Bristol, HH Wills Phys Lab, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. Univ Calabria, Dept Phys, Cosenza, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Cosenza, Italy. Chonnam Natl Univ, Kwangju, South Korea. Columbia Univ, Nevis Labs, New York, NY 10027 USA. Inst Nucl Phys, Krakow, Poland. AGH Univ Sci & Technol, Fac Phys & Nucl Tech, Krakow, Poland. Jagiellonian Univ, Dept Phys, Krakow, Poland. DESY, D-2000 Hamburg, Germany. DESY Zeuthen, Zeuthen, Germany. Univ Florence, Florence, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-50125 Florence, Italy. Univ Freiburg, Fak Phys, D-7800 Freiburg, Germany. Univ Glasgow, Dept Phys & Astron, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland. Univ Aegean, Dept Engn Management & Finance, Mitilini, Greece. Univ Hamburg, Inst Exp Phys, Hamburg, Germany. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, High Energy Nucl Phys Grp, London, England. Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Kernphys, D-5170 Julich, Germany. Catholic Univ Louvain, Inst Phys Nucl, Louvain, Belgium. Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Fis Teor, Madrid, Spain. McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Meiji Gakuin Univ, Fac Gen Educ, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan. Moscow Engn Phys Inst, Moscow 115409, Russia. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Inst Nucl Phys, Moscow, Russia. NIKHEF H, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford, England. Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis, Padua, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Padua, Italy. Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Polytech Univ, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Rome, Italy. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Ewha Womans Univ, Dept Phys, Seoul, South Korea. Univ Siegen, Fachbereich Phys, D-5900 Siegen, Germany. Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Phys, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Fac Exact Sci, Tel Aviv, Israel. Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Tokyo 152, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Tokyo 113, Japan. Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Dept Phys, Tokyo, Japan. Univ Turin, Turin, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Univ Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy. Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London, England. Univ Warsaw, Inst Expt Phys, Warsaw, Poland. Inst Nucl Studies, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Particle Phys, Rehovot, Israel. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. York Univ, Dept Phys, N York, ON M3J 1P3, Canada. Nara Womens Univ, Nara 630, Japan. Univ Lodz, PL-90131 Lodz, Poland. RP Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Suchkov, Sergey/M-6671-2015; dusini, stefano/J-3686-2012; Goncalo, Ricardo/M-3153-2016; De Pasquale, Salvatore/B-9165-2008; Wing, Matthew/C-2169-2008; collins-tooth, christopher/A-9201-2012; Ferrando, James/A-9192-2012; Golubkov, Yury/E-1643-2012; Gladilin, Leonid/B-5226-2011; Levchenko, B./D-9752-2012; Proskuryakov, Alexander/J-6166-2012; Dementiev, Roman/K-7201-2012; Wiggers, Leo/B-5218-2015; Gliga, Sebastian/K-4019-2015; Tassi, Enrico/K-3958-2015 OI dusini, stefano/0000-0002-1128-0664; Goncalo, Ricardo/0000-0002-3826-3442; De Pasquale, Salvatore/0000-0001-9236-0748; Ferrando, James/0000-0002-1007-7816; Gladilin, Leonid/0000-0001-9422-8636; Wiggers, Leo/0000-0003-1060-0520; Gliga, Sebastian/0000-0003-1729-1070; NR 68 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL PY 2004 VL 70 IS 1 AR 012008 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.70.0120XX PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 844DZ UT WOS:000223138900010 ER PT J AU Chen, MC Dawson, S AF Chen, MC Dawson, S TI One-loop radiative corrections to the rho parameter in the littlest Higgs model SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID COMPOSITE HIGGS; VACUUM MISALIGNMENT; BREAKING; SU(2); SYMMETRY; SCALARS; PHYSICS; MASS AB We perform a one-loop analysis of the rho parameter in the littlest Higgs model, including the logarithmically enhanced contributions from both fermion and scalar loops. We find that the one-loop contributions are comparable to the tree level corrections in some regions of parameter space. The fermion loop contribution dominates in the low cutoff scale f region. On the other hand, the scalar loop contribution dominates in the high cutoff scale f region and it grows with the cutoff scale f. This in turn implies an upper bound on the cutoff scale. A low cutoff scale is allowed for a non-zero triplet vacuum expectation value. Constraints on various other parameters in the model are also discussed. The role of triplet scalars in constructing a consistent renormalization scheme is emphasized. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, High Energy Theory Grp, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, High Energy Theory Grp, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM chen@quark.phy.bnl.gov; dawson@bnl.gov NR 39 TC 179 Z9 179 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL PY 2004 VL 70 IS 1 AR 015003 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.70.015003 PG 21 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 844DZ UT WOS:000223138900045 ER PT J AU Csaki, C Grojean, C Hubisz, J Shirman, Y Terning, J AF Csaki, C Grojean, C Hubisz, J Shirman, Y Terning, J TI Fermions on an interval: Quark and lepton masses without a Higgs SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID RANDALL-SUNDRUM MODEL; SMALL EXTRA DIMENSION; YANG-MILLS THEORY; CHIRAL HIERARCHIES; STANDARD MODEL; TECHNICOLOR THEORIES; SYMMETRY-BREAKING; GAUGE; UNITARITY; SUPERSYMMETRY AB We consider fermions on an extra dimensional interval. We find the boundary conditions at the ends of the interval that are consistent with the variational principle, and explain which ones arise in various physical circumstances. We apply these results to Higgsless models of electroweak symmetry breaking, where electroweak symmetry is not broken by a scalar vacuum expectation value, but rather by the boundary conditions of the gauge fields. We show that it is possible to find a set of boundary conditions for bulk fermions that would give a realistic fermion mass spectrum without the presence of a Higgs scalar, and present some sample fermion mass spectra for the standard model quarks and leptons as well as their resonances. C1 Cornell Univ, Lab Elementary Particle Phys, Inst High Energy Phenomenol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. CEA Saclay, Serv Phys Theor, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Michigan Ctr Theoret Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theory Div T 8, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Csaki, C (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Lab Elementary Particle Phys, Inst High Energy Phenomenol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM csaki@mail.lns.cornell.edu; grojean@spht.saclay.cea.fr; hubisz@mail.lns.cornell.edu; shirman@lanl.gov; terning@lanl.gov OI grojean, christophe/0000-0002-7196-7361 NR 60 TC 122 Z9 122 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL PY 2004 VL 70 IS 1 AR 015012 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.70.015012 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 844DZ UT WOS:000223138900054 ER PT J AU Davoudiasl, H Hewett, JL Lillie, B Rizzo, TG AF Davoudiasl, H Hewett, JL Lillie, B Rizzo, TG TI Electroweak symmetry breaking without a Higgs boson in warped backgrounds: Constraints and signatures SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID EXTENDED GAUGE-MODELS; DIMENSIONS; MASS; UNITARITY; HIERARCHY; COLLIDERS; GRAVITY; PHYSICS; FIELDS AB We examine the phenomenology of a warped 5-dimensional model based on the SU(2)(L)xSU(2)(R)xU(1)(B-L) model which implements electroweak symmetry breaking through boundary conditions, without the presence of a Higgs boson. We use precision electroweak data to constrain the general parameter space of this model. Our analysis includes independent L and R gauge couplings, radiatively induced UV boundary gauge kinetic terms, and all higher order corrections from the curvature of the 5D space. We show that this setup can be brought into good agreement with the precision electroweak data for typical values of the parameters. However, we find that the entire range of model parameters leads to violation of perturbative unitarity in gauge boson scattering and hence this model is not a reliable perturbative framework. Assuming that unitarity can be restored in a modified version of this scenario, we consider the collider signatures. It is found that new spin-1 states will be observed at the CERN Large Hadron Collider and measurement of their properties would identify this model. However, the spin-2 graviton Kaluza-Klein resonances, which are a hallmark of the Randall-Sundrum model, are too weakly coupled to be detected. C1 Inst Adv Study, Sch Nat Sci, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Davoudiasl, H (reprint author), Inst Adv Study, Sch Nat Sci, Olden Lane, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. EM hooman@ias.edu; hewett@slac.stanford.edu; lillieb@slac.stanford.edu; rizzo@slac.stanford.edu NR 41 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL PY 2004 VL 70 IS 1 AR 015006 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.70.015006 PG 21 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 844DZ UT WOS:000223138900048 ER PT J AU Dodelson, S AF Dodelson, S TI Cluster masses: Accounting for structure along the line of sight SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID INTRINSIC ALIGNMENTS; GALAXY CLUSTERS; COMPLETENESS; CONSTRAINTS; EVOLUTION; SEARCHES; OMEGA AB Weak gravitational lensing of background galaxies by foreground clusters offers an excellent opportunity to measure cluster masses directly without using gas as a probe. One source of noise which seems difficult to avoid is large scale structure along the line of sight. Here I show that the spatial properties of this noise are sufficiently distinct that it can be efficiently weeded out using standard map-making techniques. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, NASA Fermilab Astrophys Ctr, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, NASA Fermilab Astrophys Ctr, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 26 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL PY 2004 VL 70 IS 2 AR 023008 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.70.023008 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 845HQ UT WOS:000223233400011 ER PT J AU Dodelson, S AF Dodelson, S TI CMB-cluster lensing SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID DARK-MATTER HALOS; GALAXY CLUSTERS; DENSITY PROFILE; MASS FUNCTION; CONSTRAINTS; ABUNDANCE; EVOLUTION; SIGMA(8); ENERGY AB Clusters of galaxies are powerful cosmological probes, particularly if their masses can be determined. One possibility for mass determination is to study the cosmic microwave background (CMB) on small angular scales and observe deviations from a pure gradient due to lensing of massive clusters. I show that, neglecting contamination, this technique has the power to determine cluster masses very accurately, in agreement with estimates by Seljak and Zaldarriaga. However, the intrinsic small scale structure of the CMB significantly degrades this power. The resulting mass constraints are useless unless one imposes a prior on the concentration parameter c. With a modest prior on c, an ambitious CMB experiment (0.5(') resolution and 1 muK per pixel) could determine masses of high redshift (z>0.7), large (M>5x10(14)h(-1)M) clusters with similar to30% accuracy. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, NASA Fermilab Astrophys Ctr, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, NASA Fermilab Astrophys Ctr, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM dodelson@fnal.gov NR 39 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL PY 2004 VL 70 IS 2 AR 023009 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.70.023009 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 845HQ UT WOS:000223233400012 ER PT J AU Eberle, B Ringwald, A Song, LG Weiler, TJ AF Eberle, B Ringwald, A Song, LG Weiler, TJ TI Relic neutrino absorption spectroscopy SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Review ID ENERGY COSMIC-RAYS; DOUBLE-BETA DECAY; STAR-FORMATION; DARK-MATTER; UPPER LIMIT; SPECTRUM; MASS; OSCILLATIONS; UNIVERSE; DEGENERACY AB Resonant annihilation of extremely high-energy cosmic neutrinos on big-bang relic anti-neutrinos (and vice versa) into Z bosons leads to sizable absorption dips in the neutrino flux to be observed at Earth. The high-energy edges of these dips are fixed, via the resonance energies, by the neutrino masses alone. Their depths are determined by the cosmic neutrino background density, by the cosmological parameters determining the expansion rate of the Universe, and by the large redshift history of the cosmic neutrino sources. We investigate the possibility of determining the existence of the cosmic neutrino background within the next decade from a measurement of these absorption dips in the neutrino flux. As a by-product, we study the prospects to infer the absolute neutrino mass scale. We find that, with the presently planned neutrino detectors (ANITA, Auger, EUSO, OWL, RICE, and SalSA) operating in the relevant energy regime above 10(21) eV, relic neutrino absorption spectroscopy becomes a realistic possibility. It requires, however, the existence of extremely powerful neutrino sources, which should be opaque to nucleons and high-energy photons to evade present constraints. Furthermore, the neutrino mass spectrum must be quasidegenerate to optimize the dip, which implies m(nu)greater than or similar to0.1 eV for the lightest neutrino. With a second generation of neutrino detectors, these demanding requirements can be relaxed considerably. C1 DESY, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany. Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP DESY, Notkestr 85, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany. NR 109 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL PY 2004 VL 70 IS 2 AR 023007 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.70.023007 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 845HQ UT WOS:000223233400010 ER PT J AU Freitas, A AF Freitas, A TI Weakly coupled neutral gauge bosons at future linear colliders SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID LEP AB A weakly coupled new neutral gauge boson forms a narrow resonance that is hard to discover directly in e(+)e(-) collisions. However, if the gauge boson mass is below the center-of-mass energy, it can be produced through processes where the effective energy is reduced due to initial-state radiation and beamstrahlung. It is shown that at a high-luminosity linear collider, such a gauge boson can be searched for with very high sensitivity, leading to a substantial improvement compared to existing limits from the Tevatron and also extending beyond the expected reach of the LHC in most models. If a new vector boson is discovered either at the Tevatron Run II, the LHC, or the linear collider, its properties can be determined at the linear collider with high precision, thus helping to reveal the origin of the new boson. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Freitas, A (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 42 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL PY 2004 VL 70 IS 1 AR 015008 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.70.015008 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 844DZ UT WOS:000223138900050 ER PT J AU Harnik, R Kribs, GD Larson, DT Murayama, H AF Harnik, R Kribs, GD Larson, DT Murayama, H TI Minimal supersymmetric fat Higgs model SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID GAUGE-THEORIES; COMPOSITE HIGGS; STANDARD MODELS; BOSON MASS; ELECTROWEAK BREAKING; SYMMETRY-BREAKING; GUT BREAKING; UPPER-BOUNDS; MU-PROBLEM; B-DECAYS AB We present a calculable supersymmetric theory of a composite "fat" Higgs boson. Electroweak symmetry is broken dynamically through a new gauge interaction that becomes strong at an intermediate scale. The Higgs boson mass can easily be 200-450 GeV along with the superpartner masses, solving the supersymmetric little hierarchy problem. We explicitly verify that the model is consistent with precision electroweak data without fine-tuning. Gauge coupling unification can be maintained despite the inherently strong dynamics involved in electroweak symmetry breaking. Supersymmetrizing the standard model therefore does not imply a light Higgs boson mass, contrary to the lore in the literature. The Higgs sector of the minimal fat Higgs model has a mass spectrum that is distinctly different from that of the minimal supersymmetric standard model. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Theoret Phys Grp, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Inst Adv Study, Sch Nat Sci, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Theoret Phys Grp, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM roni@socrates.berkeley.edu; kribs@ias.edu; dtlarson@socrates.berkeley.edu; murayama@ias.edu RI Murayama, Hitoshi/A-4286-2011 NR 69 TC 162 Z9 162 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL PY 2004 VL 70 IS 1 AR 015002 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.70.015002 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 844DZ UT WOS:000223138900044 ER PT J AU Linder, EV AF Linder, EV TI Probing gravitation, dark energy, and acceleration SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID COSMOLOGICAL CONSTANT; SUPERNOVAE; UNIVERSE AB The acceleration of the expansion of the universe arises from unknown physical processes involving either new fields in high energy physics or modifications of gravitation theory. It is crucial for our understanding to characterize the properties of the dark energy or gravity through cosmological observations and compare and distinguish between them. In fact, close consistencies exist between a dark energy equation of state function w(z) and changes to the framework of the Friedmann cosmological equations as well as direct spacetime geometry quantities involving the acceleration, such as "geometric dark energy" from the Ricci scalar. We investigate these interrelationships, including for the case of superacceleration or phantom energy where the fate of the universe may be more gentle than the Big Rip. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 26 TC 80 Z9 81 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL PY 2004 VL 70 IS 2 AR 023511 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.70.023511 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 845HQ UT WOS:000223233400024 ER PT J AU Majumder, A Wang, XN AF Majumder, A Wang, XN TI Dihadron fragmentation function and its evolution SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID PARTON ENERGY-LOSS; QCD JETS; SIMPLE ALGORITHM; SCATTERING; COLLISIONS AB Dihadron fragmentation functions and their evolution are studied in the process of e(+)e(-) annihilation. Under the collinear factorization approximation and facilitated by the cut-vertex technique, the two hadron inclusive cross section at leading order is shown to factorize into a short distance parton cross section and a long distance dihadron fragmentation function. We provide the definition of such a dihadron fragmentation function in terms of parton matrix elements and derive its Dokshitzer-Gribov-Lipatov-Altarelli-Parisi evolution equation at leading log. The evolution equation for the nonsinglet quark fragmentation function is solved numerically with a simple ansatz for the initial condition and results are presented for cases of physical interest. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Majumder, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 28 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL PY 2004 VL 70 IS 1 AR 014007 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.70.014007 PG 26 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 844DZ UT WOS:000223138900022 ER PT J AU Martin, SP AF Martin, SP TI Two-loop scalar self-energies in a general renormalizable theory at leading order in gauge couplings SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Review ID EXPLICIT CP VIOLATION; HIGGS-BOSON MASSES; SUPERSYMMETRIC STANDARD MODEL; DIFFERENTIAL-EQUATIONS METHOD; VS. POLE MASSES; NUMERICAL EVALUATION; FEYNMAN DIAGRAMS; THRESHOLD EXPANSION; MASTER INTEGRALS; ASYMPTOTIC EXPANSIONS AB I present results for the two-loop self-energy functions for scalars in a general renormalizable field theory, using mass-independent renormalization schemes based on dimensional regularization and dimensional reduction. The results are given in terms of a minimal set of loop-integral basis functions, which are readily evaluated numerically by computers. This paper contains the contributions corresponding to the Feynman diagrams with zero or one vector propagator lines. These are the ones needed to obtain the pole masses of the neutral and charged Higgs scalar bosons in supersymmetry, neglecting only the purely electroweak parts at two-loop order. A subsequent paper will present the results for the remaining diagrams, which involve two or more vector lines. I also include an illustrative example, featuring several nontrivial consistency checks. C1 No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Martin, SP (reprint author), No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. NR 104 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL PY 2004 VL 70 IS 1 AR 016005 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.70.016005 PG 27 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 844DZ UT WOS:000223138900059 ER PT J AU Page, PR AF Page, PR TI Selection rules for J(PC) exotic hybrid meson decay in large N-c SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID ETA-PI; QCD AB The coupling of a neutral hybrid {1,3,5...}(-+) exotic particle (or current) to two neutral (hybrid) meson particles with the same J(PC) and J=0 is proved to be sub-leading to the usual large-N-c QCD counting. The coupling of the same exotic particle to certain two (hybrid) meson currents with the same J(PC) and J=0 is also sub-leading. The decay of a {1,3,5...}(-+) hybrid particle to etapi(0),eta(')pi(0),eta(')eta,eta(1295)pi(0), pi(1300)(0)pi(0), eta(1440)pi(0), a(0)(980)(0)sigma or f(0)(980)sigma is sub-leading, assuming that these final state particles are (hybrid) mesons in the limit of large N-c. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, MS B283, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM prp@lanl.gov RI Page, Philip/L-1885-2015 OI Page, Philip/0000-0002-2201-6703 NR 20 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL PY 2004 VL 70 IS 1 AR 016004 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.70.016004 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 844DZ UT WOS:000223138900058 ER PT J AU Dwivedi, V Ahluwalia, R Lookman, T Saxena, A AF Dwivedi, V Ahluwalia, R Lookman, T Saxena, A TI Viscoelastic properties of dynamically asymmetric binary fluids under shear flow SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID PHASE-SEPARATING FLUIDS; POLYMER-SOLUTIONS; SIMULATIONS; COPOLYMER; MIXTURES; BLENDS AB We study theoretically the viscoelastic properties of sheared binary fluids that have strong dynamical asymmetry between the two components. The dynamical asymmetry arises due to asymmetry between the viscoelastic stresses, particularly the bulk stress. Our calculations are based on the two-fluid model that incorporates the asymmetric stress distribution. We simulate the phase separation process under an externally imposed shear and compare the asymmetric case with the usual phase separation under shear flow without viscoelastic effects. We also simulate the behavior of phase-separated stable morphologies under applied shear and compute the stress relaxation. C1 Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Mech & Environm Engn, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Dwivedi, V (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Mech & Environm Engn, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JUL PY 2004 VL 70 IS 1 AR 011506 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.70.011506 PN 1 PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 844CP UT WOS:000223135200024 ER PT J AU Ferer, M Ji, C Bromhal, GS Cook, J Ahmadi, G Smith, DH AF Ferer, M Ji, C Bromhal, GS Cook, J Ahmadi, G Smith, DH TI Crossover from capillary fingering to viscous fingering for immiscible unstable flow: Experiment and modeling SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID DIFFUSION-LIMITED AGGREGATION; POROUS-MEDIA; INVASION PERCOLATION; FRACTAL DIMENSION; 2-PHASE FLOW; DISPLACEMENT; SIMULATIONS; DYNAMICS; AVALANCHES; INTERFACES AB Invasion percolation with trapping (IPT) and diffusion-limited aggregation (DLA) are simple fractal models, which are known to describe two-phase flow in porous media at well defined, but unphysical limits of the fluid properties and flow conditions. A decade ago, Fernandez, Rangel, and Rivero predicted a crossover from IPT (capillary fingering) to DLA (viscous fingering) for the injection of a zero-viscosity fluid as the injection velocity was increased from zero. [ J. F. Fernandez, R. Rangel, and J. Rivero, Phys. Rev. Lett. 67, 2958 (1991) ]. We have performed experiments in which air is injected into a glass micromodel to displace water. These experiments clearly demonstrate this crossover as the injection velocity of the air is increased. Furthermore, simulations, using our standard pore-level model, also support the predicted IPT-to-DLA crossover, as well as the predicted power-law behavior of the characteristic crossover length. C1 US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. W Virginia Univ, Dept Phys, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. Clarkson Univ, Dept Mech & Aeronaut Engn, Potsdam, NY 13699 USA. RP Ferer, M (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, POB 880, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. NR 48 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JUL PY 2004 VL 70 IS 1 AR 016303 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.70.016303 PN 2 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 844CV UT WOS:000223135800056 PM 15324165 ER PT J AU Fournier, KB Faenov, AY Pikuz, TA Magunov, AI Skobelev, IY Flora, F Bollanti, S Lazzaro, PD Murra, D Belyaev, VS Vinogradov, VI Kyrilov, AS Matafonov, AP Francucci, M Martellucci, S Petrocelli, G AF Fournier, KB Faenov, AY Pikuz, TA Magunov, AI Skobelev, IY Flora, F Bollanti, S Lazzaro, PD Murra, D Belyaev, VS Vinogradov, VI Kyrilov, AS Matafonov, AP Francucci, M Martellucci, S Petrocelli, G TI Analysis of high-n dielectronic Rydberg satellites in the spectra of Na-like Zn XX and Mg-like Zn XIX SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID ULTRASHORT LASER-PULSES; PLASMAS; DENSITY; TRANSITIONS; IONS; EMISSION; DRIVEN AB We have observed spectra from highly charged zinc ions in a variety of laser-produced plasmas. Spectral features that are Na- and Mg-like satellites to high-n Rydberg transitions in the Ne-like Zn XXI spectrum are analyzed and modeled. Identifications and analysis are made by comparison with highly accurate atomic structure calculations and steady state collisional-radiative models. Each observed Zn XX and Zn XIX feature comprises up to approximate to2 dozen individual transitions, these transitions are excited principally by dielectronic recombination through autoionizing levels in Na- and Mg-like Zn(19+) and Zn(18+). We find these satellites to be ubiquitous in laser-produced plasmas formed by lasers with pulse lengths that span four orders of magnitude, from 1 ps to approximate to10 ns. The diagnostic potential of these Rydberg satellite lines is demonstrated. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Multicharged Ions Spectra Data Ctr VNIIFTRI, Moscow 141570, Russia. ENEA, Dipartimento Innovaz, I-00044 Frascati, Roma, Italy. Cent Res Inst Machine Bldg, Korolev 141070, Moscow Region, Russia. Univ Roma Tor Vergata, INFM, Dipartimento Sci & Tecnol & Energet, I-00133 Rome, Italy. RP Fournier, KB (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808,L-41, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 26 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JUL PY 2004 VL 70 IS 1 AR 016406 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.70.016406 PN 2 PG 15 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 844CV UT WOS:000223135800068 PM 15324177 ER PT J AU Fubiani, G Esarey, E Schroeder, CB Leemans, WP AF Fubiani, G Esarey, E Schroeder, CB Leemans, WP TI Beat wave injection of electrons into plasma waves using two interfering laser pulses SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID ACCELERATION; WAKEFIELD; PROPAGATION AB An electron injector concept that uses a single injection laser pulse colliding with a pump laser pulse in a plasma is analyzed. The pump pulse generates a large amplitude laser wakefield (plasma wave). The counterpropagating injection pulse collides with the pump laser pulse to generate a beat wave with a slow phase velocity. The ponderomotive force of the slow beat wave is responsible for injecting plasma electrons into the wakefield near the back of the pump pulse. Test particle simulations indicate that significant amounts of charge can be trapped and accelerated (similar to10 pC). For higher charge, beam loading limits the validity of the simulations. The accelerated bunches are ultrashort (similar to1 fs) with good beam quality (relative energy spread of a few percent at a mean energy of similar to10 MeV and a normalized root-mean-square emittance on the order 0.4 mm mrad). The effects of interaction angle and polarization are also explored, e.g., efficient trapping can occur for near-collinear geometries. Beat wave injection using a single injection pulse has the advantages of simplicity, ease of experimental implementation, and requires modest laser intensity <10(18) W/cm(2). C1 Univ Paris 11, Orsay, France. RP Fubiani, G (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Natl Lab, Ctr Beam Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM gjfubiani@lbl.gov OI Schroeder, Carl/0000-0002-9610-0166 NR 26 TC 99 Z9 101 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JUL PY 2004 VL 70 IS 1 AR 016402 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.70.016402 PN 2 PG 12 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 844CV UT WOS:000223135800064 PM 15324173 ER PT J AU Heine, DR Grest, GS Webb, EB AF Heine, DR Grest, GS Webb, EB TI Spreading dynamics of polymer nanodroplets in cylindrical geometries SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID LIQUID-VAPOR INTERFACE; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; SOLID-SURFACE; MICROSCOPIC SCALE; WETTING BEHAVIOR; CHAIN MOLECULES; DROPLET; MIXTURES; SIMULATION; DEPENDENCE AB The spreading of one- and two-component polymer nanodroplets is studied using molecular dynamics simulation in a cylindrical geometry. The droplets consist of polymer chains of length 10, 40, and 100 monomers per chain described by the bead-spring model spreading on a flat surface with a surface-coupled Langevin thermostat. Each droplet contains similar to350 000 monomers. The dynamics of the individual components of each droplet is analyzed and compared to the dynamics of single-component droplets for the spreading rates of the precursor foot and bulk droplet, the time evolution of the contact angle, and the velocity distribution inside the droplet. We derive spreading models for the cylindrical geometry analogous to the kinetic and hydrodynamic models previously developed for the spherical geometry, and show that hydrodynamic behavior is observed at earlier times for the cylindrical geometry. The contact radius is predicted to scale as r(t)similar tot(1/5) from the kinetic model and r(t)similar tot(1/7) for the hydrodynamic model in the cylindrical geometry. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Heine, DR (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 44 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JUL PY 2004 VL 70 IS 1 AR 011606 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.70.011606 PN 1 PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 844CP UT WOS:000223135200033 PM 15324064 ER PT J AU Li, WD Smerzi, A AF Li, WD Smerzi, A TI Nonlinear Kronig-Penney model SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID OPTICAL LATTICES; EINSTEIN AB We study the nonlinear Schrodinger equation with a periodic delta-function potential. This realizes a nonlinear Kronig-Penney model, with physical applications in the context of trapped Bose-Einstein condensate alkaly gases and in the transmission of signals in optical fibers. We find analytical solutions of zero-current Bloch states. Such wave functions have the same periodicity of the potential, and, in the linear limit, reduce to the Bloch functions of the Kronig-Penney model. We also find classes of solutions having a periodicity different from that of the external potential. We calculate the chemical potential of such states and compare it with the linear excitation spectrum. C1 Univ Trent, Ist Nazl Fis Mat BEC CRS, I-38050 Trento, Italy. Univ Trent, Dipartimento Fis, I-38050 Trento, Italy. Shanxi Univ, Dept Phys, Taiyuan 030006, Peoples R China. Shanxi Univ, Inst Theoret Phys, Taiyuan 030006, Peoples R China. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Univ Trent, Ist Nazl Fis Mat BEC CRS, I-38050 Trento, Italy. NR 22 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0045 EI 2470-0053 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JUL PY 2004 VL 70 IS 1 AR 016605 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.70.016605 PN 2 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 844CV UT WOS:000223135800078 PM 15324187 ER PT J AU Patriarca, M Chakraborti, A Kaski, K AF Patriarca, M Chakraborti, A Kaski, K TI Statistical model with a standard Gamma distribution SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID POWER-LAW; SAVING PROPENSITY; WEALTH; MONEY; MECHANICS; ECONOMY; INCOME; MARKET AB We study a statistical model consisting of N basic units which interact with each other by exchanging a physical entity, according to a given microscopic random law, depending on a parameter lambda. We focus on the equilibrium or stationary distribution of the entity exchanged and verify through numerical fitting of the simulation data that the final form of the equilibrium distribution is that of a standard Gamma distribution. The model can be interpreted as a simple closed economy in which economic agents trade money and a saving criterion is fixed by the saving propensity lambda. Alternatively, from the nature of the equilibrium distribution, we show that the model can also be interpreted as a perfect gas at an effective temperature T(lambda), where particles exchange energy in a space with an effective dimension D(lambda). C1 Helsinki Univ Technol, Lab Comput Engn, Espoo 02015, Finland. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Patriarca, M (reprint author), Helsinki Univ Technol, Lab Comput Engn, POB 9203, Espoo 02015, Finland. EM marco@lce.hut.fi; anirban@bnl.gov; kimmo.kaski@hut.fi RI Chakraborti, Anirban/A-4565-2010; Kaski, Kimmo/G-8067-2012; Patriarca, Marco/D-8759-2013 OI Chakraborti, Anirban/0000-0002-6235-0204; Patriarca, Marco/0000-0001-6743-2914 NR 21 TC 73 Z9 73 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JUL PY 2004 VL 70 IS 1 AR 016104 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.70.016104 PN 2 PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 844CV UT WOS:000223135800017 PM 15324126 ER PT J AU Vakhnenko, OO Vakhnenko, VO Shankland, TJ Ten Cate, JA AF Vakhnenko, OO Vakhnenko, VO Shankland, TJ Ten Cate, JA TI Strain-induced kinetics of intergrain defects as the mechanism of slow dynamics in the nonlinear resonant response of humid sandstone bars SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID ROCK AB A closed-form description is proposed to explain nonlinear and slow dynamics effects exhibited by sandstone bars in longitudinal resonance experiments. Along with the fast subsystem of longitudinal nonlinear displacements we examine the strain-dependent slow subsystem of broken intergrain and interlamina cohesive bonds. We show that even the simplest but phenomenologically correct modeling of their mutual feedback elucidates the main experimental findings typical for forced longitudinal oscillations of sandstone bars, namely, (i) hysteretic behavior of a resonance curve on both its upward and downward slopes, (ii) linear softening of resonant frequency with an increase of driving level, and (iii) gradual recovery (increase) of resonant frequency at low dynamical strain after the sample was conditioned by high strain. In order to reproduce the highly nonlinear elastic features of sandstone grained structure a realistic nonperturbative form of stress-strain relation was adopted. In our theory slow dynamics associated with the experimentally observed memory of peak strain history are attributed to strain-induced kinetic changes in concentration of ruptured intergrain and interlamina cohesive bonds, causing a net hysteretic effect on the elastic Young's modulus. Finally, we explain how enhancement of hysteretic phenomena originates from an increase in equilibrium concentration of ruptured cohesive bonds that are due to water saturation. C1 Bogolyubov Inst Theoret Phys, UA-03143 Kiev, Ukraine. Inst Geophys, UA-01054 Kiev, Ukraine. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Vakhnenko, OO (reprint author), Bogolyubov Inst Theoret Phys, 14-B Metrologichna St, UA-03143 Kiev, Ukraine. NR 21 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JUL PY 2004 VL 70 IS 1 AR 015602 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.70.015602 PN 2 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 844CV UT WOS:000223135800012 PM 15324121 ER PT J AU Delayen, JR AF Delayen, JR TI Cumulative beam breakup in linear accelerators with random displacement of cavities and focusing elements SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article AB A formalism presented in a previous paper for the analysis of cumulative beam breakup with arbitrary time dependence of the beam current [J.R. Delayen, Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 6, 084402 ( 2003)] is applied to the problem of beam breakup in the presence of random displacements of cavities and focusing elements. A closed-form solution is obtained and is applied to the behavior of a single bunch and to the steady-state and transient behavior of dc beams and beams composed of pointlike bunches. C1 Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Delayen, JR (reprint author), Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. EM delayen@jlab.org NR 11 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD JUL PY 2004 VL 7 IS 7 AR 074402 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.7.074402 PG 13 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 843JV UT WOS:000223075800010 ER PT J AU Hoffstaetter, GH Chao, AW AF Hoffstaetter, GH Chao, AW TI Synchrobetatron stop bands due to a single crab cavity SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article ID BEAM-BEAM INTERACTION AB We analyze the stop band due to crab cavities for horizontal tunes that are either close to integers or close to half integers. The latter case is relevant for today's electron/positron colliders. We compare this stop band to that created by dispersion in an accelerating cavity and show that a single typical crab cavity creates larger stop bands than a typical dispersion at an accelerating cavity. We furthermore analyze whether it is beneficial to place the crab cavity at a position where the dispersion and its slope vanish. We find that this choice is worth while if the horizontal tune is close to a half integer, but not if it is close to an integer. Furthermore we find that stop bands can be avoided when the horizontal tune is located at a favorable side of the integer or the half integer. While we are here concerned with the installation of a single crab cavity in a storage ring, we show that the stop bands can be weakened, although not eliminated, significantly when two crab cavities per ring are chosen suitably. C1 Cornell Univ, Dept Phys, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Hoffstaetter, GH (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Phys, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD JUL PY 2004 VL 7 IS 7 AR 071002 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.7.071002 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 843JV UT WOS:000223075800004 ER PT J AU Huang, H Ahrens, L Bai, M Brown, KA Glenn, JW Luccio, AU MaKay, WW Montag, C Ptitsyn, V Roser, T Tsoupas, N Zeno, K Ranjbar, V Spinka, H Underwood, D AF Huang, H Ahrens, L Bai, M Brown, KA Glenn, JW Luccio, AU MaKay, WW Montag, C Ptitsyn, V Roser, T Tsoupas, N Zeno, K Ranjbar, V Spinka, H Underwood, D TI Overcoming an intrinsic depolarizing resonance with a partial Siberian snake SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article ID SPIN RESONANCES; POLARIZATION; PHYSICS AB An 11.4% partial Siberian snake was used to successfully accelerate polarized protons through a strong intrinsic depolarizing spin resonance in the Alternating Gradient Synchrotron (AGS). No noticeable depolarization was observed. This opens up the possibility of using a 20% to 30% partial Siberian snake in the AGS or other medium energy proton synchrotrons to overcome all weak and strong depolarizing spin resonances. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, CA Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Indiana Univ, Dept Phys, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Huang, H (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, CA Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD JUL PY 2004 VL 7 IS 7 AR 071001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.7.071001 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 843JV UT WOS:000223075800003 ER PT J AU Huang, Z Borland, M Emma, P Wu, J Limborg, C Stupakov, G Welch, J AF Huang, Z Borland, M Emma, P Wu, J Limborg, C Stupakov, G Welch, J TI Suppression of microbunching instability in the linac coherent light source SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article ID SIMULATION AB A microbunching instability driven by longitudinal space charge, coherent synchrotron radiation, and linac wakefields is studied for the linac coherent light source (LCLS) accelerator system. Since the uncorrelated ( local) energy spread of electron beams generated from a photocathode rf gun is very small, the microbunching gain may be large enough to significantly amplify rf-gun generated modulations or even shot-noise fluctuations of the electron beam. The uncorrelated energy spread can be increased by an order of magnitude to provide strong Landau damping against the instability without degrading the free-electron laser performance. We study different damping options in the LCLS and discuss an effective laser heater to minimize the impact of the instability on the quality of the electron beam. C1 Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Huang, Z (reprint author), Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. EM zrh@slac.stanford.edu NR 19 TC 118 Z9 118 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD JUL PY 2004 VL 7 IS 7 AR 074401 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.7.074401 PG 10 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 843JV UT WOS:000223075800009 ER PT J AU Nantista, C Tantawi, S Dolgashev, V AF Nantista, C Tantawi, S Dolgashev, V TI Low-field accelerator structure couplers and design techniques SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article AB Recent experience with X-band accelerator structure development has shown the rf input coupler to be the region most prone to rf breakdown and degradation, effectively limiting the operating gradient. A major factor in this appears to be high magnetic fields at the sharp edges of the coupling irises. As a first response to this problem, couplers with rounded and thickened iris horns have been employed and successfully tested at high power. To further reduce fields for higher power flow, conceptually new coupler designs have been developed, in which power is coupled through the broad wall of the feed waveguide, rather than through terminating irises. A "mode-launcher'' coupler, which launches the TM01 mode in circular waveguide before coupling through a matching cell into the main structure, has been tested with great success. With peak surface fields below those in the body of the structure, this coupler represented a breakthrough in the Next Linear Collider structure program. The design of this coupler and of variations which use beam line space more efficiently are described here. The latter include a coupler in which power passes directly through an iris in the broad wall of the rectangular waveguide into a matching cell, also successfully implemented, and a variation which makes the waveguide itself an accelerating cell. We also discuss in some detail a couple of techniques for matching such couplers to traveling-wave structures using a field solver. The first exploits the cell number independence of a traveling-wave match, and the second optimizes using the fields of an internally driven structure. C1 Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Nantista, C (reprint author), Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. NR 11 TC 22 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD JUL PY 2004 VL 7 IS 7 AR 072001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.7.072001 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 843JV UT WOS:000223075800005 ER PT J AU Stygar, WA Ives, HC Wagoner, TC Lott, JA Anaya, V Harjes, HC Corley, JP Shoup, RW Fehl, DL Mowrer, GR Wallace, ZR Anderson, RA Boyes, JD Douglas, JW Horry, ML Jaramillo, TF Johnson, DL Long, FW Martin, TH McDaniel, DH Milton, O Mostrom, MA Muirhead, DA Mulville, TD Ramirez, JJ Ramirez, LE Romero, TM Seamen, JF Smith, JW Speas, CS Spielman, RB Struve, KW Vogtlin, GE Walsh, DE Walsh, ED Walsh, MD Yamamoto, O AF Stygar, WA Ives, HC Wagoner, TC Lott, JA Anaya, V Harjes, HC Corley, JP Shoup, RW Fehl, DL Mowrer, GR Wallace, ZR Anderson, RA Boyes, JD Douglas, JW Horry, ML Jaramillo, TF Johnson, DL Long, FW Martin, TH McDaniel, DH Milton, O Mostrom, MA Muirhead, DA Mulville, TD Ramirez, JJ Ramirez, LE Romero, TM Seamen, JF Smith, JW Speas, CS Spielman, RB Struve, KW Vogtlin, GE Walsh, DE Walsh, ED Walsh, MD Yamamoto, O TI Flashover of a vacuum-insulator interface: A statistical model SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article ID DC SURFACE FLASHOVER; SOLID INSULATORS; PULSED FLASHOVER; HIGH-VOLTAGE; MECHANISM; STRESS; GAPS AB We have developed a statistical model for the flashover of a 45degrees vacuum-insulator interface ( such as would be found in an accelerator) subject to a pulsed electric field. The model assumes that the initiation of a flashover plasma is a stochastic process, that the characteristic statistical component of the flashover delay time is much greater than the plasma formative time, and that the average rate at which flashovers occur is a power-law function of the instantaneous value of the electric field. Under these conditions, we find that the flashover probability is given by 1-exp(-E(p)(beta)t(eff)C/k(beta)), where E-p is the peak value in time of the spatially averaged electric field E(t), t(eff) equivalent to integral[E(t)/E-p](beta)dt is the effective pulse width, C is the insulator circumference, k proportional to exp(lambda/d), and beta and lambda are constants. We define E(t) as V(t)/d, where V(t) is the voltage across the insulator and d is the insulator thickness. Since the model assumes that flashovers occur at random azimuthal locations along the insulator, it does not apply to systems that have a significant defect, i.e., a location contaminated with debris or compromised by an imperfection at which flashovers repeatedly take place, and which prevents a random spatial distribution. The model is consistent with flashover measurements to within 7% for pulse widths between 0.5 ns and 10 mus, and to within a factor of 2 between 0.5 ns and 90 s ( a span of over 11 orders of magnitude). For these measurements, E-p ranges from 64 to 651 kV/cm, d from 0.50 to 4.32 cm, and C from 4.96 to 95.74 cm. The model is significantly more accurate, and is valid over a wider range of parameters, than the J.C. Martin flashover relation that has been in use since 1971 [J.C. Martin on Pulsed Power, edited by T. H. Martin, A. H. Guenther, and M. Kristiansen ( Plenum, New York, 1996)]. We have generalized the statistical model to estimate the total-flashover probability of an insulator stack (i.e., an assembly of insulator-electrode systems connected in series). The expression obtained is consistent with the measured flashover performance of a stack of five 5.72-cm-thick, 1003-cm- circumference insulators operated at 100 and 158 kV/cm. The expression predicts that the total-flashover probability is a strong function of the ratio E-p/k, and that under certain conditions, the performance improves as the capacitance between the stack grading rings is increased. In addition, the expression suggests that given a fixed stack height, there exists an optimum number of insulator rings that maximizes the voltage at which the stack can be operated. The results presented can be applied to any system ( or any set of systems connected in series) subject to random failures, when the characteristic statistical delay time of a failure is much greater than its formative time. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EG&G, Albuquerque, NM 87107 USA. Ktech Corp Inc, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. Titan Pulsed Sci Div, San Leandro, CA 94577 USA. Mission Res Corp, Albuquerque, NM 87110 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. C Lec Plast, Philadelphia, PA 19135 USA. Kyoto Univ, Kyoto, Japan. RP Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 85 TC 19 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD JUL PY 2004 VL 7 IS 7 AR 070401 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTA.B.7.070401 PG 21 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 843JV UT WOS:000223075800001 ER PT J AU Shen, G Sturhahn, W Alp, EE Zhao, J Toellner, TS Prakapenka, VB Meng, Y Mao, HR AF Shen, G Sturhahn, W Alp, EE Zhao, J Toellner, TS Prakapenka, VB Meng, Y Mao, HR TI Phonon density of states in iron at high pressures and high temperatures SO PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF MINERALS LA English DT Article DE phonon density of states; nuclear resonance inelastic X-ray scattering; diamond anvil cell; iron ID NUCLEAR RESONANT SCATTERING; DIAMOND-ANVIL CELL; SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION; SOUND VELOCITIES; GIGAPASCALS; DISPERSION; SYSTEM; GPA; FE AB The phonon density of states (DOS) in iron has been measured in situ by nuclear resonance inelastic X-ray scattering (NRIXS) at high pressures and high temperatures in a resistively heated diamond anvil cell. The DOS data provide a variety of thermodynamic and elastic parameters essential for characterizing iron at depth in the Earth interior, such as average sound velocity, Debye temperature, atomic mean square displacement, average kinetic energy, vibrational entropy and specific heat. The NRIXS data were collected at 6, 20, and 29 GPa and at temperatures up to 920 K. Temperatures were directly determined from the measured spectra by the ratio of intensities of the phonon creation/annihilation side bands that are determined only by the Boltzmann factor. The change of the DOS caused by the structural transition from alpha-Fe to epsilon-Fe is small and not resolvable within the experimental precision. However, the phonon energies in gamma-Fe are clearly shifted to lower values with respect to alpha- and epsilon-Fe. The temperature dependence of derived thermodynamic parameters is presented and compared with those obtained by Debye's model. The Debye temperatures that best describe the data decrease slightly with increasing temperature. C1 Univ Chicago, Ctr Adv Radiat Sources, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, HPCAT, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Carnegie Inst Washington, Geophys Lab, Washington, DC 20015 USA. RP Shen, G (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Ctr Adv Radiat Sources, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. EM shen@cars.uchicago.edu NR 33 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0342-1791 J9 PHYS CHEM MINER JI Phys. Chem. Miner. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 31 IS 6 BP 353 EP 359 DI 10.1007/s00269-004-0403-1 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mineralogy SC Materials Science; Mineralogy GA 841FK UT WOS:000222914500004 ER PT J AU Gaft, M Nagli, L Waychunas, G Weiss, D AF Gaft, M Nagli, L Waychunas, G Weiss, D TI The nature of blue luminescence from natural benitoite BaTiSi3O9 SO PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF MINERALS LA English DT Article DE benitoite; blue luminescence; TiO6 centers ID SPECTROSCOPY AB It is proved that blue luminescence from benitoite is connected with intrinsic luminescence centers, namely isolated TiO6 octahedra. The metastable level T-3(1u) is the emitting level at low temperatures with a long decay time of 1.1 ms. At higher temperatures an energy level with higher radiation probability must be involved in the emission process, and this level is situated at 0.06 eV higher than the lowest level. These two levels may be connected with T-3(1u) level splitting or with closely spaced T-3(1u) and T-3(2u) levels. Decay time shortening and thermal quenching are connected with nonradiative decay within the TiO6 luminescence center, while energy migration does not take place at least up to room temperature. C1 Int Technol Lasers, Rishon Le Zion, Israel. Open University, Tel Aviv, Israel. Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Gaft, M (reprint author), Int Technol Lasers, Hachoma 12, Rishon Le Zion, Israel. EM michael_g@itlasers.com NR 17 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 5 U2 22 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0342-1791 J9 PHYS CHEM MINER JI Phys. Chem. Miner. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 31 IS 6 BP 365 EP 373 DI 10.1007/s00269-004-0407-x PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mineralogy SC Materials Science; Mineralogy GA 841FK UT WOS:000222914500006 ER PT J AU Chekanov, S Derrick, M Loizides, JH Magill, S Miglioranzi, S Musgrave, B Repond, J Yoshida, R Mattingly, MCK Pavel, N Antonioli, P Bari, G Basile, M Bellagamba, L Boscherini, D Bruni, A Bruni, G Romeo, GC Cifarelli, L Cindolo, F Contin, A Corradi, M De Pasquale, S Giusti, P Iacobucci, G Margotti, A Montanari, A Nania, R Palmonari, F Pesci, A Rinaldi, L Sartorelli, G Zichichi, A Aghuzumtsyan, G Bartsch, D Brock, I Goers, S Hartmann, H Hilger, E Irrgang, P Jakob, HP Kind, O Meyer, U Paul, E Rautenberg, J Renner, R Stifutkin, A Tandler, J Voss, KC Wang, M Bailey, DS Brook, NH Cole, JE Heath, GP Namsoo, T Robins, S Wing, M Capua, M Mastroberardino, A Schioppa, M Susinno, G Kim, JY Lim, IT Ma, KJ Pac, MY Helbich, M Ning, Y Ren, Z Schmidke, WB Sciulli, F Chwastowski, J Eskreys, A Figiel, J Galas, A Olkiewicz, K Stopa, P Zawiejski, L Adamczyk, L Bold, T Grabowska-Bold, I Kisielewska, D Kowal, AM Kowal, M Lukasik, J Przybycien, M Suszycki, L Szuba, D Szuba, J Kotanski, A Slominski, W Adler, V Behrens, U Bloch, I Borras, K Chiochia, V Dannheim, D Drews, G Fourletova, J Fricke, U Geiser, A Gottlicher, P Gutsche, O Haas, T Hain, W Hillert, S Horn, C Kahle, B Kotz, U Kowalski, H Kramberger, G Labes, H Lelas, D Lim, H Lohr, B Mankel, R Melzer-Pellmann, IA Nguyen, CN Notz, D Nuncio-Quiroz, AE Polini, A Raval, A Rurua, L Schneekloth, U Stosslein, U Wolf, G Youngman, C Zeuner, W Schlenstedt, S Barbagli, G Gallo, E Genta, C Pelfer, R Bamberger, A Benen, A Karstens, F Dobur, D Vlasov, NN Bell, M Bussey, PJ Doyle, AT Ferrando, J Hamilton, J Hanlon, S Saxon, DH Skillicorn, IO Gialas, I Carli, T Gosau, T Holm, U Krumnack, N Lohrmann, E Milite, M Salehi, H Schleper, P Schorner-Sadenius, T Stonjek, S Wichmann, K Wick, K Ziegler, A Ziegler, A Collins-Tooth, C Foudas, C Goncalo, R Long, KR Tapper, AD Cloth, P Filges, D Kataoka, M Nagano, K Tokushuku, K Yamada, S Yamazaki, Y Barakbaev, AN Boos, EG Pokrovskiy, NS Zhautykov, BO Son, D Piotrzkowski, K Barreiro, F Glasman, C Gonzalez, O Labarga, L del Peso, J Tassi, E Terron, J Zambrana, M Barbi, M Corriveau, F Gliga, S Lainesse, J Padhi, S Stairs, DG Walsh, R Tsurugai, T Antonov, A Danilov, P Dolgoshein, BA Gladkov, D Sosnovtsev, V Suchkov, S Dementiev, RK Ermolov, PF Katkov, II Khein, LA Korzhavina, IA Kuzmin, VA Levchenko, BB Lukina, OY Proskuryakov, AS Shcheglova, LM Zotkin, SA Abt, I Buttner, C Caldwell, A Liu, X Sutiak, J Coppola, N Grijpink, S Koffeman, E Kooijman, P Maddox, E Pellegrino, A Schagen, S Tiecke, H Vazquez, M Wiggers, L de Wolf, E Brummer, N Bylsma, B Durkin, LS Ling, TY Cooper-Sarkar, AM Cottrell, A Devenish, RCE Foster, B Grzelak, G Gwenlan, C Kohno, T Patel, S Straub, PB Walczak, R Bertolin, A Brugnera, R Carlin, R Dal Corso, F Dusini, S Garfagnini, A Limentani, S Longhin, A Parenti, A Posocco, M Stanco, L Turcato, M Heaphy, EA Metlica, E Oh, BY Whitmore, JJ Iga, Y D'Agostini, G Marini, G Nigro, A Cormack, C Hart, JC McCubbin, NA Heusch, C Park, IH Abramowicz, H Gabareen, A Kananov, S Kreisel, A Levy, A Kuze, M Fusayasu, T Kagawa, S Tawara, T Yamashita, T Hamatsu, R Hirose, T Inuzuka, M Kaji, H Kitamura, S Matsuzawa, K Costa, M Ferrero, MI Monaco, V Sacchi, R Solano, A Arneodo, M Ruspa, M Koop, T Martin, JF Mirea, A Butterworth, JM Hall-Wilton, R Jones, TW Lightwood, MS Sutton, MR Targett-Adams, C Ciborowski, J Ciesielski, R Luzniak, P Nowak, RJ Pawlak, JM Sztuk, J Tymieniecka, T Ukleja, A Ukleja, J Zarnecki, AF Adamus, M Plucinski, P Eisenberg, Y Hochman, D Karshon, U Riveline, M Everett, A Gladilin, LK Kcira, D Lammers, S Li, L Reeder, DD Rosin, M Ryan, P Savin, AA Smith, WH Dhawan, S Bhadra, S Catterall, CD Fourletov, S Hartner, G Menary, S Soares, M Standage, J AF Chekanov, S Derrick, M Loizides, JH Magill, S Miglioranzi, S Musgrave, B Repond, J Yoshida, R Mattingly, MCK Pavel, N Antonioli, P Bari, G Basile, M Bellagamba, L Boscherini, D Bruni, A Bruni, G Romeo, GC Cifarelli, L Cindolo, F Contin, A Corradi, M De Pasquale, S Giusti, P Iacobucci, G Margotti, A Montanari, A Nania, R Palmonari, F Pesci, A Rinaldi, L Sartorelli, G Zichichi, A Aghuzumtsyan, G Bartsch, D Brock, I Goers, S Hartmann, H Hilger, E Irrgang, P Jakob, HP Kind, O Meyer, U Paul, E Rautenberg, J Renner, R Stifutkin, A Tandler, J Voss, KC Wang, M Bailey, DS Brook, NH Cole, JE Heath, GP Namsoo, T Robins, S Wing, M Capua, M Mastroberardino, A Schioppa, M Susinno, G Kim, JY Lim, IT Ma, KJ Pac, MY Helbich, M Ning, Y Ren, Z Schmidke, WB Sciulli, F Chwastowski, J Eskreys, A Figiel, J Galas, A Olkiewicz, K Stopa, P Zawiejski, L Adamczyk, L Bold, T Grabowska-Bold, I Kisielewska, D Kowal, AM Kowal, M Lukasik, J Przybycien, M Suszycki, L Szuba, D Szuba, J Kotanski, A Slominski, W Adler, V Behrens, U Bloch, I Borras, K Chiochia, V Dannheim, D Drews, G Fourletova, J Fricke, U Geiser, A Gottlicher, P Gutsche, O Haas, T Hain, W Hillert, S Horn, C Kahle, B Kotz, U Kowalski, H Kramberger, G Labes, H Lelas, D Lim, H Lohr, B Mankel, R Melzer-Pellmann, IA Nguyen, CN Notz, D Nuncio-Quiroz, AE Polini, A Raval, A Rurua, L Schneekloth, U Stosslein, U Wolf, G Youngman, C Zeuner, W Schlenstedt, S Barbagli, G Gallo, E Genta, C Pelfer, R Bamberger, A Benen, A Karstens, F Dobur, D Vlasov, NN Bell, M Bussey, PJ Doyle, AT Ferrando, J Hamilton, J Hanlon, S Saxon, DH Skillicorn, IO Gialas, I Carli, T Gosau, T Holm, U Krumnack, N Lohrmann, E Milite, M Salehi, H Schleper, P Schorner-Sadenius, T Stonjek, S Wichmann, K Wick, K Ziegler, A Ziegler, A Collins-Tooth, C Foudas, C Goncalo, R Long, KR Tapper, AD Cloth, P Filges, D Kataoka, M Nagano, K Tokushuku, K Yamada, S Yamazaki, Y Barakbaev, AN Boos, EG Pokrovskiy, NS Zhautykov, BO Son, D Piotrzkowski, K Barreiro, F Glasman, C Gonzalez, O Labarga, L del Peso, J Tassi, E Terron, J Zambrana, M Barbi, M Corriveau, F Gliga, S Lainesse, J Padhi, S Stairs, DG Walsh, R Tsurugai, T Antonov, A Danilov, P Dolgoshein, BA Gladkov, D Sosnovtsev, V Suchkov, S Dementiev, RK Ermolov, PF Katkov, II Khein, LA Korzhavina, IA Kuzmin, VA Levchenko, BB Lukina, OY Proskuryakov, AS Shcheglova, LM Zotkin, SA Abt, I Buttner, C Caldwell, A Liu, X Sutiak, J Coppola, N Grijpink, S Koffeman, E Kooijman, P Maddox, E Pellegrino, A Schagen, S Tiecke, H Vazquez, M Wiggers, L de Wolf, E Brummer, N Bylsma, B Durkin, LS Ling, TY Cooper-Sarkar, AM Cottrell, A Devenish, RCE Foster, B Grzelak, G Gwenlan, C Kohno, T Patel, S Straub, PB Walczak, R Bertolin, A Brugnera, R Carlin, R Dal Corso, F Dusini, S Garfagnini, A Limentani, S Longhin, A Parenti, A Posocco, M Stanco, L Turcato, M Heaphy, EA Metlica, E Oh, BY Whitmore, JJ Iga, Y D'Agostini, G Marini, G Nigro, A Cormack, C Hart, JC McCubbin, NA Heusch, C Park, IH Abramowicz, H Gabareen, A Kananov, S Kreisel, A Levy, A Kuze, M Fusayasu, T Kagawa, S Tawara, T Yamashita, T Hamatsu, R Hirose, T Inuzuka, M Kaji, H Kitamura, S Matsuzawa, K Costa, M Ferrero, MI Monaco, V Sacchi, R Solano, A Arneodo, M Ruspa, M Koop, T Martin, JF Mirea, A Butterworth, JM Hall-Wilton, R Jones, TW Lightwood, MS Sutton, MR Targett-Adams, C Ciborowski, J Ciesielski, R Luzniak, P Nowak, RJ Pawlak, JM Sztuk, J Tymieniecka, T Ukleja, A Ukleja, J Zarnecki, AF Adamus, M Plucinski, P Eisenberg, Y Hochman, D Karshon, U Riveline, M Everett, A Gladilin, LK Kcira, D Lammers, S Li, L Reeder, DD Rosin, M Ryan, P Savin, AA Smith, WH Dhawan, S Bhadra, S Catterall, CD Fourletov, S Hartner, G Menary, S Soares, M Standage, J CA ZEUS Collaboration TI Evidence for a narrow baryonic state decaying to K(S)(0)p and K-S(0)(p)over-bar in deep inelastic scattering at HERA SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID CENTRAL TRACKING DETECTOR; ZEUS BARREL CALORIMETER; POSITIVE-STRANGENESS; REAR CALORIMETER; PHOTOPRODUCTION; CONSTRUCTION; DESIGN; PENTAQUARK; ENERGY; MASS AB A resonance search has been made in the K(S)(0)p and K-S(0)(p) over bar invariant-mass spectrum measured with the ZEUS detector at HERA using an integrated luminosity of 121 pb(-1). The search was performed in the central rapidity region of inclusive deep inelastic scattering at an ep centre-of-mass energy of 300-318 GeV for exchanged photon virtuality, Q(2), above 1 GeV2. Recent results from fixed-target experiments give evidence for a narrow baryon resonance decaying to K(+)n and K(S)(0)p, interpreted as a pentaquark. The results presented here support the existence of such state, with a mass of 1521.5 +/- 1.5(stat.)(-1.7)(+2.8)(syst.) MeV and a Gaussian width consistent with the experimental resolution of 2 MeV The signal is visible at high Q(2) and, for Q(2) > 20 GeV2, contains 221 +/- 48 events. The probability of a similar signal anywhere in the range 1500-1560 MeV arising from fluctuations of the background is below 6 x 10(-5). (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Andrews Univ, Berrien Springs, MI 49104 USA. Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, Berlin, Germany. Univ Bologna, Bologna, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, D-5300 Bonn, Germany. Univ Bristol, HH Wills Phys Lab, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. Univ Calabria, Dept Phys, I-87030 Commenda Di Rende, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Cosenza, Italy. Chonnam Natl Univ, Kwangju, South Korea. Columbia Univ, Nevis Labs, New York, NY 10027 USA. Inst Nucl Phys, Krakow, Poland. Univ Sci & Technol, AGH, Fac Phys & Nucl Techniques, Krakow, Poland. Jagiellonian Univ, Dept Phys, Krakow, Poland. DESY, D-2000 Hamburg, Germany. DESY, Zeuthen, Germany. Univ Florence, Florence, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-50125 Florence, Italy. Univ Freiburg, Fak Phys, D-7800 Freiburg, Germany. Univ Glasgow, Dept Phys & Astron, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland. Univ Aegean, Dept Engn Management & Finance, Mitilini, Greece. Univ Hamburg, Inst Expt Phys, Hamburg, Germany. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, High Energy Nucl Phys Grp, London, England. Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Kernphys, D-5170 Julich, Germany. Kek Nat Lab High Energy Phys, Inst Particle & Nucl Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Minist Educ & Sci Kazakhstan, Inst Phys & Technol, Alma Ata, Kazakhstan. Kyungpook Natl Univ, Ctr High Energy Phys, Taegu, South Korea. Catholic Univ Louvain, Inst Phys Nucl, B-1348 Louvain, Belgium. Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Fis Teor, Madrid, Spain. McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Meiji Gakuin Univ, Fac Gen Educ, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan. Moscow Engn Phys Inst, Moscow 115409, Russia. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Inst Nucl Phys, Moscow, Russia. Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. Univ Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. NIKHEF H, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford, England. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Padua, Italy. Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis, Padua, Italy. Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Polytech Univ, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Rome, Italy. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Ewha Womans Univ, Dept Phys, Seoul, South Korea. Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Phys, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Fac Exact Sci, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Tokyo 152, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Tokyo 113, Japan. Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Dept Phys, Tokyo, Japan. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Univ Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy. Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London, England. Warsaw Univ, Inst Expt Phys, Warsaw, Poland. Inst Nucl Studies, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Particle Phys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. York Univ, Dept Phys, N York, ON M3J 1P3, Canada. UCL, London, England. Univ Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany. Univ Lodz, PL-90131 Lodz, Poland. RP Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM rik.yoshida@desy.de RI Suchkov, Sergey/M-6671-2015; dusini, stefano/J-3686-2012; Goncalo, Ricardo/M-3153-2016; Li, Liang/O-1107-2015; De Pasquale, Salvatore/B-9165-2008; Wing, Matthew/C-2169-2008; Doyle, Anthony/C-5889-2009; collins-tooth, christopher/A-9201-2012; Ferrando, James/A-9192-2012; Levchenko, B./D-9752-2012; Proskuryakov, Alexander/J-6166-2012; Dementiev, Roman/K-7201-2012; Wiggers, Leo/B-5218-2015; Gliga, Sebastian/K-4019-2015; Tassi, Enrico/K-3958-2015; Gladilin, Leonid/B-5226-2011 OI dusini, stefano/0000-0002-1128-0664; Goncalo, Ricardo/0000-0002-3826-3442; Li, Liang/0000-0001-6411-6107; De Pasquale, Salvatore/0000-0001-9236-0748; Doyle, Anthony/0000-0001-6322-6195; Ferrando, James/0000-0002-1007-7816; Wiggers, Leo/0000-0003-1060-0520; Gliga, Sebastian/0000-0003-1729-1070; Gladilin, Leonid/0000-0001-9422-8636 NR 42 TC 229 Z9 233 U1 1 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 EI 1873-2445 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JUL 1 PY 2004 VL 591 IS 1-2 BP 7 EP 22 DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2004.04.024 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 830MQ UT WOS:000222126700002 ER PT J AU Chekanov, S Derrick, M Krakauer, D Loizides, JH Magill, S Miglioranzi, S Musgrave, B Repond, J Yoshida, R Mattingly, MCK Antonioli, P Bari, G Basile, M Bellagamba, L Boscherini, D Bruni, A Bruni, G Romeo, GC Cifarelli, L Cindolo, F Contin, A Corradi, A De Pasquale, S Giusti, P Iacobucci, G Margotti, A Montanari, A Nania, R Palmonari, F Pesci, A Sartorelli, G Zichichi, A Aghuzumtsyan, G Bartsch, D Brock, I Goers, S Hartmann, H Hilger, E Irrgang, P Jakob, HP Kind, O Meyer, U Paul, E Rautenberg, J Renner, R Stifutkin, A Tandler, J Voss, KC Wang, M Weber, A Bailey, DS Brook, NH Cole, JE Heath, GP Namsoo, T Robins, S Wing, M Capua, M Mastroberardino, A Schioppa, M Susinno, G Kim, JY Kim, YK Lee, JH Lim, IT Pac, MY Caldwell, A Helbich, M Liu, X Mellado, B Ning, Y Paganis, S Ren, Z Schmidke, WB Sciulli, F Chwastowski, J Eskreys, A Figiel, J Galas, A Olkiewicz, K Stopa, P Zawiejski, L Adamczyk, L Bold, T Grabowska-Bold, I Kisielewska, D Kowal, AM Kowal, M Kowalski, T Przybycien, M Suszycki, L Szuba, D Szuba, J Kotanski, A Slominski, W Adler, V Behrens, U Bloch, I Borras, K Chiochia, V Dannheim, D Drews, G Fourletova, J Fricke, U Geiser, A Gottlicher, P Gutsche, O Haas, T Hain, W Hillert, S Kahle, B Kotz, U Kowalski, H Kramberger, G Labes, H Lelas, D Lim, H Lohr, B Mankel, R Melzer-Pellmann, IA Nguyen, CN Notz, D Nuncio-Quiroz, AE Polini, A Raval, A Rurua, L Schneekloth, U Stosslein, U Wichmann, R Wolf, G Youngman, C Zeuner, W Schlenstedt, S Barbagli, G Gallo, E Genta, C Pelfer, PG Bamberger, A Benen, A Karstens, F Dobur, D Vlasov, NN Bell, M Bussey, PJ Doyle, AT Ferrando, J Hamilton, J Hanlon, S Saxon, DH Skillicorn, IO Gialas, I Carli, T Gosau, T Holm, U Krumnack, N Lohrmann, E Milite, M Salehi, H Schleper, P Stonjek, S Wichmann, K Wick, K Ziegler, A Ziegler, A Collins-Tooth, C Foudas, C Goncalo, R Long, KR Tapper, AD Cloth, P Filges, D Kataoka, M Nagano, K Tokushuku, K Yamada, S Yamazaki, Y Barakbaev, AN Boos, EG Pokrovskiy, NS Zhautykov, BO Son, D Piotrzkowski, K Barreiro, F Glasman, C Gonzalez, O Labarga, L del Peso, J Tassi, E Terron, J Vazquez, M Zambrana, M Barbi, M Corriveau, F Gliga, S Lainesse, J Padhi, S Stairs, DG Walsh, R Tsurugai, T Antonov, A Danilov, P Dolgoshein, BA Gladkov, D Sosnovtsev, V Suchkov, S Dementiev, RK Ermolov, PF Golubkov, YA Katkov, II Khein, LA Korzhavina, IA Kuzmin, VA Levchenko, BB Lukina, OY Proskuryakov, AS Shcheglova, LM Zotkin, SA Coppola, N Grijpink, S Koffeman, E Kooijman, P Maddox, E Pellegrino, A Schagen, S Tiecke, H Velthuis, JJ Wiggers, L de Wolf, E Brummer, N Bylsma, B Durkin, LS Ling, TY Cooper-Sarkar, AM Cottrell, A Devenish, RCE Foster, B Grzelak, G Gwenlan, C Patel, S Straub, PB Walczak, R Bertolin, A Brugnera, R Carlin, R Dal Corso, F Dusini, S Garfagnini, A Limentani, S Longhin, A Parenti, A Posocco, M Stanco, L Turcato, M Heaphy, EA Metlica, F Oh, BY Whitmore, JJ Iga, Y D'Agostini, G Marini, G Nigro, A Cormack, C Hart, JC McCubbin, NA Heusch, C Park, IH Pavel, N Abramowicz, H Gabareen, A Kananov, S Kreisel, A Levy, A Kuze, M Fusayasu, T Kagawa, S Kohno, T Tawara, T Yamashita, T Hamatsu, R Hirose, T Inuzuka, M Kaji, H Kitamura, S Matsuzawa, K Ferrero, MI Monaco, V Sacchi, R Solano, A Arneodo, M Ruspa, M Koop, T Martin, JF Mirea, A Butterworth, JM Hall-Wilton, R Jones, TW Lightwood, MS Sutton, MR Targett-Adams, C Ciborowski, J Ciesielski, R Luzniak, P Nowak, RJ Pawlak, JM Sztuk, J Tymieniecka, T Ukleja, A Ukleja, J Zarnecki, AF Adamus, M Plucinski, P Eisenberg, Y Gladilin, LK Hochman, D Karshon, U Riveline, M Kcira, D Lammers, S Li, L Reeder, DD Rosin, M Savin, AA Smith, WH Deshpande, A Dhawan, S Bhadra, S Catterall, CD Fourletov, S Hartner, G Menary, S Soares, M Standage, J AF Chekanov, S Derrick, M Krakauer, D Loizides, JH Magill, S Miglioranzi, S Musgrave, B Repond, J Yoshida, R Mattingly, MCK Antonioli, P Bari, G Basile, M Bellagamba, L Boscherini, D Bruni, A Bruni, G Romeo, GC Cifarelli, L Cindolo, F Contin, A Corradi, A De Pasquale, S Giusti, P Iacobucci, G Margotti, A Montanari, A Nania, R Palmonari, F Pesci, A Sartorelli, G Zichichi, A Aghuzumtsyan, G Bartsch, D Brock, I Goers, S Hartmann, H Hilger, E Irrgang, P Jakob, HP Kind, O Meyer, U Paul, E Rautenberg, J Renner, R Stifutkin, A Tandler, J Voss, KC Wang, M Weber, A Bailey, DS Brook, NH Cole, JE Heath, GP Namsoo, T Robins, S Wing, M Capua, M Mastroberardino, A Schioppa, M Susinno, G Kim, JY Kim, YK Lee, JH Lim, IT Pac, MY Caldwell, A Helbich, M Liu, X Mellado, B Ning, Y Paganis, S Ren, Z Schmidke, WB Sciulli, F Chwastowski, J Eskreys, A Figiel, J Galas, A Olkiewicz, K Stopa, P Zawiejski, L Adamczyk, L Bold, T Grabowska-Bold, I Kisielewska, D Kowal, AM Kowal, M Kowalski, T Przybycien, M Suszycki, L Szuba, D Szuba, J Kotanski, A Slominski, W Adler, V Behrens, U Bloch, I Borras, K Chiochia, V Dannheim, D Drews, G Fourletova, J Fricke, U Geiser, A Gottlicher, P Gutsche, O Haas, T Hain, W Hillert, S Kahle, B Kotz, U Kowalski, H Kramberger, G Labes, H Lelas, D Lim, H Lohr, B Mankel, R Melzer-Pellmann, IA Nguyen, CN Notz, D Nuncio-Quiroz, AE Polini, A Raval, A Rurua, L Schneekloth, U Stosslein, U Wichmann, R Wolf, G Youngman, C Zeuner, W Schlenstedt, S Barbagli, G Gallo, E Genta, C Pelfer, PG Bamberger, A Benen, A Karstens, F Dobur, D Vlasov, NN Bell, M Bussey, PJ Doyle, AT Ferrando, J Hamilton, J Hanlon, S Saxon, DH Skillicorn, IO Gialas, I Carli, T Gosau, T Holm, U Krumnack, N Lohrmann, E Milite, M Salehi, H Schleper, P Stonjek, S Wichmann, K Wick, K Ziegler, A Ziegler, A Collins-Tooth, C Foudas, C Goncalo, R Long, KR Tapper, AD Cloth, P Filges, D Kataoka, M Nagano, K Tokushuku, K Yamada, S Yamazaki, Y Barakbaev, AN Boos, EG Pokrovskiy, NS Zhautykov, BO Son, D Piotrzkowski, K Barreiro, F Glasman, C Gonzalez, O Labarga, L del Peso, J Tassi, E Terron, J Vazquez, M Zambrana, M Barbi, M Corriveau, F Gliga, S Lainesse, J Padhi, S Stairs, DG Walsh, R Tsurugai, T Antonov, A Danilov, P Dolgoshein, BA Gladkov, D Sosnovtsev, V Suchkov, S Dementiev, RK Ermolov, PF Golubkov, YA Katkov, II Khein, LA Korzhavina, IA Kuzmin, VA Levchenko, BB Lukina, OY Proskuryakov, AS Shcheglova, LM Zotkin, SA Coppola, N Grijpink, S Koffeman, E Kooijman, P Maddox, E Pellegrino, A Schagen, S Tiecke, H Velthuis, JJ Wiggers, L de Wolf, E Brummer, N Bylsma, B Durkin, LS Ling, TY Cooper-Sarkar, AM Cottrell, A Devenish, RCE Foster, B Grzelak, G Gwenlan, C Patel, S Straub, PB Walczak, R Bertolin, A Brugnera, R Carlin, R Dal Corso, F Dusini, S Garfagnini, A Limentani, S Longhin, A Parenti, A Posocco, M Stanco, L Turcato, M Heaphy, EA Metlica, F Oh, BY Whitmore, JJ Iga, Y D'Agostini, G Marini, G Nigro, A Cormack, C Hart, JC McCubbin, NA Heusch, C Park, IH Pavel, N Abramowicz, H Gabareen, A Kananov, S Kreisel, A Levy, A Kuze, M Fusayasu, T Kagawa, S Kohno, T Tawara, T Yamashita, T Hamatsu, R Hirose, T Inuzuka, M Kaji, H Kitamura, S Matsuzawa, K Ferrero, MI Monaco, V Sacchi, R Solano, A Arneodo, M Ruspa, M Koop, T Martin, JF Mirea, A Butterworth, JM Hall-Wilton, R Jones, TW Lightwood, MS Sutton, MR Targett-Adams, C Ciborowski, J Ciesielski, R Luzniak, P Nowak, RJ Pawlak, JM Sztuk, J Tymieniecka, T Ukleja, A Ukleja, J Zarnecki, AF Adamus, M Plucinski, P Eisenberg, Y Gladilin, LK Hochman, D Karshon, U Riveline, M Kcira, D Lammers, S Li, L Reeder, DD Rosin, M Savin, AA Smith, WH Deshpande, A Dhawan, S Bhadra, S Catterall, CD Fourletov, S Hartner, G Menary, S Soares, M Standage, J CA ZEUS Collaboration TI Search for contact interactions, large extra dimensions and finite quark radius in ep collisions at HERA SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID FERMION-PAIR PRODUCTION; DEEP-INELASTIC SCATTERING; HIGH-ACCURACY CALCULATION; CURRENT CROSS-SECTIONS; PARITY NONCONSERVATION; STANDARD MODEL; COMPOSITENESS SCALES; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; QCD ANALYSIS; PHYSICS AB A search for physics beyond the Standard Model has been performed with high-Q(2) neutral current deep inelastic scattering events recorded with the ZEUS detector at HERA. Two data sets, e(+) p --> e(+) X and e(-) p --> e(-) X, with respective integrated luminosities of 112 pb(-1) and 16 pb(-1), were analyzed. The data reach Q(2) values as high as 40000 GeV2. No significant deviations from Standard Model predictions were observed. Limits were derived on the effective mass scale in eeqq contact interactions. the ratio of leptoquark mass to the Yukawa coupling for heavy leptoquark models and the mass scale parameter in models with large extra dimensions. The limit on the quark charge radius, in the classical form factor approximation, is 0.85 x 10(-16) cm. (C) 2004 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Andrews Univ, Berrien Springs, MI 49104 USA. Univ Bologna, Bologna, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, D-5300 Bonn, Germany. Univ Bristol, HH Wills Phys Lab, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. Univ Calabria, Dept Phys, I-87036 Cosenza, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Cosenza, Italy. Chonnam Natl Univ, Kwangju, South Korea. Columbia Univ, Nevis Labs, Irvington, NY 10027 USA. Inst Nucl Phys, Krakow, Poland. Univ Sci & Technol, AGH, Fac Phys & Nucl Techniques, Krakow, Poland. Jagiellonian Univ, Dept Phys, Krakow, Poland. DESY, D-2000 Hamburg, Germany. DESY, Zeuthen, Germany. Univ Florence, Florence, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-50125 Florence, Italy. Univ Freiburg, Fak Phys, D-7800 Freiburg, Germany. Univ Glasgow, Dept Phys & Astron, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland. Univ Aegean, Dept Engn Management & Finance, Mitilini, Greece. Univ Hamburg, Inst Expt Phys, Hamburg, Germany. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, High Energy Nucl Phys Grp, London, England. Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Kernphys, D-5170 Julich, Germany. Kek Nat Lab High Energy Phys, Inst Particle & Nucl Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Minist Educ & Sci Kazakhstan, Inst Phys & Technol, Alma Ata, Kazakhstan. Kyungpook Natl Univ, Ctr High Energy Phys, Taegu, South Korea. Catholic Univ Louvain, Inst Phys Nucl, B-1348 Louvain, Belgium. Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Fis Teor, Madrid, Spain. McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Meiji Gakuin Univ, Fac Gen Educ, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan. Moscow Engn Phys Inst, Moscow 115409, Russia. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Inst Nucl Phys, Moscow, Russia. Univ Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. NIKHEF H, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford, England. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Padua, Italy. Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis, Padua, Italy. Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Polytech Univ, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Rome, Italy. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Ewha Womans Univ, Dept Phys, Seoul, South Korea. Univ Siegen, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Fac Exact Sci, Siegen, Germany. Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Tokyo 152, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Tokyo 113, Japan. Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Dept Phys, Tokyo, Japan. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Univ Turin, Turin, Italy. Univ Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy. Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London, England. Warsaw Univ, Inst Expt Phys, Warsaw, Poland. Inst Nucl Studies, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Particel Phys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. York Univ, Dept Phys, N York, ON M3J 1P3, Canada. UCL, London, England. Nara Womens Univ, Nara 630, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. Univ Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany. Univ Lodz, PL-90131 Lodz, Poland. RP Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM rik.yoshida@desy.de RI De Pasquale, Salvatore/B-9165-2008; Gliga, Sebastian/K-4019-2015; Wing, Matthew/C-2169-2008; Tassi, Enrico/K-3958-2015; Doyle, Anthony/C-5889-2009; collins-tooth, christopher/A-9201-2012; Ferrando, James/A-9192-2012; Golubkov, Yury/E-1643-2012; Levchenko, B./D-9752-2012; Proskuryakov, Alexander/J-6166-2012; Dementiev, Roman/K-7201-2012; Wiggers, Leo/B-5218-2015; Gladilin, Leonid/B-5226-2011; Suchkov, Sergey/M-6671-2015; dusini, stefano/J-3686-2012; Goncalo, Ricardo/M-3153-2016; Li, Liang/O-1107-2015; Capua, Marcella/A-8549-2015; OI Gutsche, Oliver/0000-0002-8015-9622; Raval, Amita/0000-0003-0164-4337; PAGANIS, STATHES/0000-0002-1950-8993; De Pasquale, Salvatore/0000-0001-9236-0748; Gliga, Sebastian/0000-0003-1729-1070; Doyle, Anthony/0000-0001-6322-6195; Ferrando, James/0000-0002-1007-7816; Wiggers, Leo/0000-0003-1060-0520; Gladilin, Leonid/0000-0001-9422-8636; dusini, stefano/0000-0002-1128-0664; Goncalo, Ricardo/0000-0002-3826-3442; Li, Liang/0000-0001-6411-6107; Capua, Marcella/0000-0002-2443-6525; Arneodo, Michele/0000-0002-7790-7132; Longhin, Andrea/0000-0001-9103-9936 NR 44 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 EI 1873-2445 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JUL 1 PY 2004 VL 591 IS 1-2 BP 23 EP 41 DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2004.03.081 PG 19 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 830MQ UT WOS:000222126700003 ER PT J AU Smith, AG Patel, D Simpson, GS Wall, RM Smith, JF Onakanmi, OJ Ahmad, I Greene, JP Carpenter, MP Lauritsen, T Lister, CJ Janssens, RVF Kondev, FG Seweryniak, D Gall, BJP Dorvaux, O Roux, B AF Smith, AG Patel, D Simpson, GS Wall, RM Smith, JF Onakanmi, OJ Ahmad, I Greene, JP Carpenter, MP Lauritsen, T Lister, CJ Janssens, RVF Kondev, FG Seweryniak, D Gall, BJP Dorvaux, O Roux, B TI The influence of vh(11/2) occupancy on the magnetic moments of collective 2(1)(+) states in A similar to 100 fission fragments SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID SHELL-MODEL DESCRIPTION; EXCITED-STATES; NEUTRON EXCITATIONS; NUCLEAR-DEFORMATION; ROTATIONAL BANDS; HYPERFINE-FIELD; PROTON; ISOTOPES; REGION; TRANSITION AB The magnetic moments of I-pi = 2(l)(+) states in even-even A similar to 100 fission fragments have been measured using the Gammasphere array, using the technique of time-integral perturbed angular correlations. The data are interpreted within the context of the interacting boson model (IBA2) leading to the suggestion of a strong vh(11/2) component in the deformed 2(1)(+) states of this region. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. IN2P3, Inst Rech Subatom, CNRS, F-67037 Strasbourg, France. Univ Strasbourg, F-67037 Strasbourg, France. RP Univ Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. EM gavin.smith@man.ac.uk RI Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015 OI Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734 NR 48 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 EI 1873-2445 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JUL 1 PY 2004 VL 591 IS 1-2 BP 55 EP 60 DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2004.03.091 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 830MQ UT WOS:000222126700006 ER PT J AU Kettell, SH Landsberg, LG Nguyen, H AF Kettell, SH Landsberg, LG Nguyen, H TI Alternative technique for standard model estimation of the rare kaon decay branchings BR(K ->pi nu(nu)over-bar)vertical bar(SM) SO PHYSICS OF ATOMIC NUCLEI LA English DT Article ID LONG-DISTANCE CONTRIBUTION; MINIMAL FLAVOR VIOLATION; TOP-QUARK MASS; LEADING LOGARITHMS; QCD CORRECTIONS; CP VIOLATION; SIN 2-BETA; CKM MATRIX; PHYSICS; NU(NU)OVER-BAR AB We estimate BR(K --> piv (v) over bar) in the context of the Standard Model by fitting for lambda(t) equivalent to VtdVts* of the "kaon unitarity triangle" relation. To find the vertex of this triangle, we fit data from \epsilonK\, the CP-violating parameter describing K mixing, and apsi(K), the CP-violating asymmetry in B-d(0) --> J/psiK(0) decays, and obtain the values BP,(K+ --> pi(+)v (v) over bar)(SM) = (7.07 +/- 1.03) x 10(-11) and BR(K-L(0) --> pi(0)v (v) over bar)\(SM) = L (2.60 +/- 0.52) x 10(-11). Our estimate is independent of the CKM matrix element V-cb and of the ratio of B-mixing frequencies Deltam(Bs)/DeltaM(Bd). We also use the constraint estimation of lambda(t) with additional data from Deltam(Bd) and \V-ub\. This combined analysis slightly increases the precision of the rate estimation of K+ --> pi(+)v (v) over bar and K-L(0) --> pi(0)v (v) over bar (by similar or equal to10and similar or equal to20%, respectively). The measured value of BR(K+ --> pi(+)v (v) over bar) L can be compared both to this estimate and to predictions made from Deltam(Bs)/Deltam(Bd). (C) 2004 MAIK "Nauka/Interperiodica". C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino 142280, Moscow Oblast, Russia. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 74 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA/SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1578 USA SN 1063-7788 EI 1562-692X J9 PHYS ATOM NUCL+ JI Phys. Atom. Nuclei PD JUL PY 2004 VL 67 IS 7 BP 1398 EP 1407 DI 10.1134/1.1777296 PG 10 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 846ZG UT WOS:000223357700019 ER PT J AU Lancaster, KL Karsch, S Habara, H Beg, FN Clark, EL Freeman, R Key, MH King, JA Kodama, R Krushelnick, K Ledingham, KWD McKenna, P Murphy, CD Norreys, PA Stephens, R Stoeckl, C Toyama, Y Wei, MS Zepf, M AF Lancaster, KL Karsch, S Habara, H Beg, FN Clark, EL Freeman, R Key, MH King, JA Kodama, R Krushelnick, K Ledingham, KWD McKenna, P Murphy, CD Norreys, PA Stephens, R Stoeckl, C Toyama, Y Wei, MS Zepf, M TI Characterization of Li-7(p,n)Be-7 neutron yields from laser produced ion beams for fast neutron radiography SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID HIGH-INTENSITY LASER; SOLID INTERACTIONS; PLASMA INTERACTION; PROTON PRODUCTION; PULSES; ABSORPTION; GENERATION; TRANSPORT; DRIVEN AB Investigations of Li-7(p,n)Be-7 reactions using Cu and CH primary and LiF secondary targets were performed using the VULCAN laser [C.N. Danson , J. Mod. Opt. 45, 1653 (1997)] with intensities up to 3x10(19) W cm(-2). The neutron yield was measured using CR-39 plastic track detector and the yield was up to 3x10(8) sr(-1) for CH primary targets and up to 2x10(8) sr(-1) for Cu primary targets. The angular distribution of neutrons was measured at various angles and revealed a relatively anisotropic neutron distribution over 180degrees that was greater than the error of measurement. It may be possible to exploit such reactions on high repetition, table-top lasers for neutron radiography. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Rutherford Appleton Lab, CCLRC, Chilton OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, London SW7 2BZ, England. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Osaka Univ, Inst Laser Engn, Osaka, Japan. Univ Strathclyde, Dept Phys, Glasgow G4 0NG, Lanark, Scotland. Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. Queens Univ Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland. RP Rutherford Appleton Lab, CCLRC, Chilton OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. RI McKenna, Paul/B-9764-2009; Toyama, Yusuke/H-8023-2012; Zepf, Matt/M-1232-2014; Kodama, Ryosuke/G-2627-2016; OI McKenna, Paul/0000-0001-8061-7091; Toyama, Yusuke/0000-0003-3230-1062; Stephens, Richard/0000-0002-7034-6141 NR 32 TC 46 Z9 47 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD JUL PY 2004 VL 11 IS 7 BP 3404 EP 3408 DI 10.1063/1.1756911 PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 830AR UT WOS:000222094500010 ER PT J AU Ritchie, B AF Ritchie, B TI Quantum-shell corrections to Thomas-Fermi-Dirac equation-of-state theory SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID SHOCK COMPRESSIBILITY; DENSE MATTER; ALUMINUM; TEMPERATURES; PRESSURE; MODEL; HOT AB Quantum-shell corrections are made directly to the finite-temperature Thomas-Fermi-Dirac (TFD) statistical model of the atom by a partition of the electronic density into bound and free parts. The bound part is calculated using analytic basis functions whose parameters are chosen to minimize the energy and pressure. Poisson's equation is solved for the modified density. The shock Hugoniot is calculated for aluminum. Shell effects characteristic of quantum self-consistent field (QSCF) models are fully captured by the present theory. The use of a quantum decription of the bound density removes the physically spurious singularity at the origin which is present in TFD theory. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Ritchie, B (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD JUL PY 2004 VL 11 IS 7 BP 3417 EP 3422 DI 10.1063/1.1751174 PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 830AR UT WOS:000222094500012 ER PT J AU Slutz, SA Vesey, RA Shoemaker, I Mehlhorn, TA Cochrane, K AF Slutz, SA Vesey, RA Shoemaker, I Mehlhorn, TA Cochrane, K TI Subignition fusion yields generated by fast heating of compressed deuterium-tritium and break-even scaling SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID FAST IGNITION; ELECTRON; CAPSULES; TARGETS; LASERS; GAIN AB A simple model is presented to calculate the fusion yield from the fast heating of compressed deuterium-tritium (DT). The model is applicable when the fusion yield is small enough to neglect self-heating. Since 80% of the fusion yield escapes as 14 MeV neutrons, self-heating is small as long as the fusion yield is less than the deposited energy, i.e., the fusion gain, Qless than or equal to1. We show the model is in good agreement with detailed numerical simulations when this condition is satisfied, as will be the case for fast ignition experiments in the near future. The model is used to calculate the fast heating fusion yields as a function of the important parameters such as the fuel density, deposited energy, and pulse length. The model is also used to obtain the minimum energy, E-q1, and the fuel diameter, d, necessary to obtain Q=1, which is given approximately by the scaling laws E-q1=15.3(rho/100)(-1.5) kJ, and d=16.5(rho/100)(-0.84) mum, where rho is the DT density. These scaling laws should help the design of Q=1 experiments. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Ktech Corp Inc, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. RP Slutz, SA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 16 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD JUL PY 2004 VL 11 IS 7 BP 3483 EP 3490 DI 10.1063/1.1753574 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 830AR UT WOS:000222094500019 ER PT J AU Wang, ZH Tang, XZ AF Wang, ZH Tang, XZ TI Compact toroids with Alfvenic flows SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID FIELD-REVERSED CONFIGURATIONS; MAGNETIZED PLASMA; RELAXATION; SPHEROMAK; INSTABILITY; STABILITY; EQUATIONS AB The Chandrasekhar equilibria form a class of stationary ideal magnetohydrodynamics equilibria stabilized by magnetic-field-aligned Alfvenic flows. Analytic solutions of the Chandrasekhar equilibria are explicitly constructed for both field-reversed configurations and spheromaks. Favorable confinement property of nested closed flux surfaces and the ideal magnetohydrodynamic stability of the compact toroids are of interest for both magnetic trapping of high energy electrons in astrophysics and confinement of high temperature plasmas in laboratory. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Wang, ZH (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM zwang@lanl.gov NR 23 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD JUL PY 2004 VL 11 IS 7 BP 3502 EP 3509 DI 10.1063/1.1755707 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 830AR UT WOS:000222094500022 ER PT J AU Kaganovich, ID Startsev, EA Davidson, RC AF Kaganovich, ID Startsev, EA Davidson, RC TI Nonlinear plasma waves excitation by intense ion beams in background plasma SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID CHAMBER TRANSPORT; FUSION CHAMBER; NEUTRALIZATION; ACCELERATION; SIMULATIONS AB Plasma neutralization of an intense ion pulse is of interest for many applications, including plasma lenses, heavy ion fusion, cosmic ray propagation, etc. An analytical electron fluid model has been developed to describe the plasma response to a propagating ion beam. The model predicts very good charge neutralization during quasi-steady-state propagation, provided the beam pulse duration tau(b) is much longer than the electron plasma period 2pi/omega(p), where omega(p)=(4pie(2)n(p)/m)(1/2) is the electron plasma frequency, and n(p) is the background plasma density. In the opposite limit, the beam pulse excites large-amplitude plasma waves. If the beam density is larger than the background plasma density, the plasma waves break. Theoretical predictions are compared with the results of calculations utilizing a particle-in-cell (PIC) code. The cold electron fluid results agree well with the PIC simulations for ion beam propagation through a background plasma. The reduced fluid description derived in this paper can provide an important benchmark for numerical codes and yield scaling relations for different beam and plasma parameters. The visualization of numerical simulation data shows complex collective phenomena during beam entry and exit from the plasma. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Kaganovich, ID (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 23 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD JUL PY 2004 VL 11 IS 7 BP 3546 EP 3552 DI 10.1063/1.1758945 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 830AR UT WOS:000222094500028 ER PT J AU Ramshaw, JD AF Ramshaw, JD TI Approximate thermodynamic state relations in partially ionized gas mixtures SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID SAHA EQUATION; 2-TEMPERATURE PLASMA AB Thermodynamic state relations for mixtures of partially ionized nonideal gases are often approximated by artificially partitioning the mixture into compartments or subvolumes occupied by the pure partially ionized constituent gases, and requiring these subvolumes to be in temperature and pressure equilibrium. This intuitively reasonable procedure is easily shown to reproduce the correct thermal and caloric state equations for a mixture of neutral (nonionized) ideal gases. The purpose of this paper is to point out that (a) this procedure leads to incorrect state equations for a mixture of partially ionized ideal gases, whereas (b) the alternative procedure of requiring that the subvolumes all have the same temperature and free electron density reproduces the correct thermal and caloric state equations for such a mixture. These results readily generalize to the case of partially degenerate and/or relativistic electrons, to a common approximation used to represent pressure ionization effects, and to two-temperature plasmas. This suggests that equating the subvolume electron number densities or chemical potentials instead of pressures is likely to provide a more accurate approximation in nonideal plasma mixtures. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Ramshaw, JD (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808,L-095, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD JUL PY 2004 VL 11 IS 7 BP 3572 EP 3578 DI 10.1063/1.1758717 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 830AR UT WOS:000222094500031 ER PT J AU Miles, AR Braun, DG Edwards, MJ Robey, HF Drake, RP Leibrandt, DR AF Miles, AR Braun, DG Edwards, MJ Robey, HF Drake, RP Leibrandt, DR TI Numerical simulation of supernova-relevant laser-driven hydro experiments on OMEGA SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID RAYLEIGH-TAYLOR; NOVA LASER; INSTABILITY; HYDRODYNAMICS; SIMILARITY; TRANSITION; SN-1987A; FLUIDS; FRONTS; MODELS AB In ongoing experiments performed on the OMEGA laser [J. M. Soures , Phys. Plasmas 5, 2108 (1996)] at the University of Rochester Laboratory for Laser Energetics, nanosecond laser pulses are used to drive strong blast waves into two-layer targets. Perturbations on the interface between the two materials are unstable to the Richtmyer-Meshkov instability as a result of shock transit and the Rayleigh-Taylor instability during the deceleration-phase behind the shock front. These experiments are designed to produce a strongly shocked interface whose evolution is a scaled version of the unstable hydrogen-helium interface in core-collapse supernovae such as SN 1987A. The ultimate goal of this research is to develop an understanding of the effect of hydrodynamic instabilities and the resulting transition to turbulence on supernovae observables that remain as yet unexplained. The authors are, at present, particularly interested in the development of the Rayleigh-Taylor instability through the late nonlinear stage, the transition to turbulence, and the subsequent transport of material within the turbulent region. In this paper, the results of numerical simulations of two-dimensional (2D) single and multimode experiments are presented. These simulations are run using the 2D Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian radiation hydrodynamics code CALE [R. T. Barton, Numerical Astrophysics (Jones and Bartlett, Boston, 1985)]. The simulation results are shown to compare well with experimental radiography. A buoyancy-drag model captures the behavior of the single-mode interface, but gives only partial agreement in the multimode cases. The Richtmyer-Meshkov and target decompression contributions to the perturbation growth are both estimated and shown to be significant. Significant dependence of the simulation results on the material equation of state is demonstrated, and the prospect of continuing the experiments to conclusively demonstrate the transition to turbulence is discussed. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20741 USA. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Miles, AR (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM miles15@llnl.gov RI Drake, R Paul/I-9218-2012 OI Drake, R Paul/0000-0002-5450-9844 NR 35 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD JUL PY 2004 VL 11 IS 7 BP 3631 EP 3645 DI 10.1063/1.1753274 PG 15 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 830AR UT WOS:000222094500039 ER PT J AU Fredrickson, ED Gorelenkov, NN Menard, J AF Fredrickson, ED Gorelenkov, NN Menard, J TI Phenomenology of compressional Alfven eigenmodes SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID SPHERICAL TORUS EXPERIMENT; ION-CYCLOTRON EMISSION; FUSION PRODUCTS; BEAM IONS; EXCITATION; TOKAMAKS; INSTABILITY; PLASMAS; DRIVEN; MODES AB Coherent oscillations with frequency 0.3less than or equal toomega/omega(ci)less than or equal to1, are seen in the National Spherical Torus Experiment [M. Ono, S. M. Kaye, Y.-K. M. Peng , Nucl. Fusion 40, 557 (2000)]. This paper presents new data and analysis comparing characteristics of the observed modes to the model of compressional Alfven eigenmodes (CAE). The toroidal mode number has been measured and is typically between 76.4 and was favorable for root development and biomass production at both reclaimed sites. No significant differences in several soil properties between UMS and RMS showed that fertility treatments improved the soil quality of RMS. C1 Ohio State Univ, Carbon Management & Sequestrat Ctr, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Ohio State Univ, Sch Nat Resources, FAES, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Shukla, MK (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Carbon Management & Sequestrat Ctr, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM shukla.9@osu.edu RI Lal, Rattan/D-2505-2013 NR 48 TC 43 Z9 53 U1 1 U2 20 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD JUL-AUG PY 2004 VL 68 IS 4 BP 1352 EP 1359 PG 8 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 837EX UT WOS:000222612400027 ER PT J AU Yoon, YG Pfrommer, BG Louie, SG Canning, A AF Yoon, YG Pfrommer, BG Louie, SG Canning, A TI NMR chemical shifts in amino acids: effects of environments in the condensed phase SO SOLID STATE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE NMR chemical shift; amino acid; glycine; hydrogen-bond ID DIFFRACTION STRUCTURE DETERMINATION; L-ALANINE; MOLECULAR STRUCTURE; AB-INITIO; ALPHA-GLYCINE; SOLID-STATE; CRYSTAL; PROTEIN; C-13; SPECTROSCOPY AB We present calculations of NMR chemical shifts in crystalline phases of some representative amino acids such as glycine, alanine, and alanyl-alanine. We explore the effects of environment on the chemical shifts in selected glycine geometries ranging from the crystalline phase to completely isolated molecules. In the crystalline and dilute molecular limits, the calculated distinct NMR chemical shifts are attributed to intermolecular hydrogen-bonds and dipole electric field effects, respectively. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Dept Mat, Div Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Natl Energy Res Sci Comp Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Chung Ang Univ, Dept Phys, Dongjak Ku, 221 Huksuk Dong, Seoul 156756, South Korea. EM yyoon@cau.ac.kr RI Yoon, Young-Gui/C-2978-2008 OI Yoon, Young-Gui/0000-0002-1071-8628 NR 25 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-1098 EI 1879-2766 J9 SOLID STATE COMMUN JI Solid State Commun. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 131 IS 1 BP 15 EP 19 DI 10.1016/j.ssc.2004.04.023 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 826QQ UT WOS:000221844000004 ER PT J AU Li, MY Ma, B Koritala, RE Fisher, BL Zhao, XZ Maroni, VA Dorris, SE Balachandran, U AF Li, MY Ma, B Koritala, RE Fisher, BL Zhao, XZ Maroni, VA Dorris, SE Balachandran, U TI c-Axis orientation control of YBa2CU3O7-x films grown on inclined-substrate-deposited MgO-buffered metallic substrates SO SOLID STATE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE YBCO-coated conductor; inclined substrate deposition; x-ray pole-figure analysis; orientation control ID YBCO-COATED CONDUCTORS; THIN-FILMS; BICRYSTALS; LAYERS AB Biaxially textured YBa2Cu3O7-x (YBCO) films were grown on non-textured metal substrates with inclined-substrate-deposited (ISD) MgO as template. The biaxial texture feature of the films was examined by X-ray pole-figure analysis, phi-scan, and 2theta-scan. A tilt angle of 32degrees of the MgO[001] with respect to the substrate normal wits observed. Epitaxial growth of YBCO films with c-axis tilt angle of 32degrees with respect to the substrate normal was obtained on these substrates with SrTiO3(STO) as buffer layer. Whereas, by choosing yttria-stabilized ZrO2 and CeO2, instead of STO as buffer layer, a c-axis untilted YBCO film was obtained. Higher values of T-c =91 K and J(c) =5.5 x 10(5) A/cm(2) were obtained on the c-axis untilted YBCO films with 0.46 mum thickness at 77 K in zero field. Comparative studies revealed a unique role of CeO2 in controlling the orientation of the YBCO films grown or ISD-MgO buffered metal substrates. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Wuhan Univ, Dept Phys, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem Technol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Li, MY (reprint author), Wuhan Univ, Dept Phys, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China. EM myli@whu.edu.cn RI Koritala, Rachel/F-1774-2011; Zhao, Xing-Zhong/A-8671-2011; Ma, Beihai/I-1674-2013 OI Ma, Beihai/0000-0003-3557-2773 NR 14 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-1098 J9 SOLID STATE COMMUN JI Solid State Commun. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 131 IS 2 BP 101 EP 105 DI 10.1016/j.ssc.2004.04.038 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 833ZI UT WOS:000222379900007 ER PT J AU Ramirez, AP Lawes, G Li, D Subramanian, MA AF Ramirez, AP Lawes, G Li, D Subramanian, MA TI Valence-electron transfer and a metal-insulator transition in a strongly correlated perovskite oxide SO SOLID STATE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE ruthenates; cuprates; metal-insulator transition ID HIGH-DIELECTRIC-CONSTANT; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; COPPER AB We present transport and thermal data for the quadruple-perovskites MCu3(Ti1-xRux)(4)O-12, where 0 < x < 1. A metal-insulator transition (MIT) Occurs for Ru concentrations x similar to 0.75. At the same time, the Cu2+ antiferromagnetic state is destroyed and it's magnetic entropy suppressed by Ru on a 1: 1 basis. This implies that each Ru transfers an electron to a Cu ion and thus the MIT correlates with filling the Cu 3d shell. The Cu spin entropy in this strongly correlated electron material provides a unique probe among MIT systems. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Bell Labs, Lucent Technol, Murray Hill, NJ 07974 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Dupont Cent Res & Dev, Expt Stn, Wilmington, DE 19880 USA. RP Ramirez, AP (reprint author), Bell Labs, Lucent Technol, 600 Mt Ave, Murray Hill, NJ 07974 USA. EM apr@lucent.com NR 22 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-1098 J9 SOLID STATE COMMUN JI Solid State Commun. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 131 IS 3-4 BP 251 EP 255 DI 10.1016/j.ssc.2004.04.014 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 838FH UT WOS:000222698400020 ER PT J AU Assefa, Z Haire, RG Caulder, DL Shuh, DK AF Assefa, Z Haire, RG Caulder, DL Shuh, DK TI Correlation of the oxidation state of cerium in sol-gel glasses as a function of thermal treatment via optical spectroscopy and XANES studies SO SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE cerium; sol-gel; absorption; spectroscopy; XANES; photoluminescence ID X-RAY-ABSORPTION; SILICA GLASSES; BORATE GLASS; THIN-FILMS; LUMINESCENCE; MECHANISM; COATINGS; KINETICS; BOROSILICATE; ACETONITRILE AB Sol-gel glass matrices containing lanthanides have numerous technological applications and their formation involves several chemical facets. In the case of cerium, its ability to exist in two different oxidation states or in mixed valence state provides additional complexities for the sol-gel process. The oxidation state of cerium present during different facets of preparation of sol-gel glasses, and also as a function of the starting oxidation state of cerium added, were studied both by optical spectroscopy and X-ray absorption near-edge structures (XANES). The findings acquired by each approach were compared. The primary focus was on the redox chemistries associated with sample preparation, gelation, and thermal treatment. When Ce3+ is introduced into the starting sols, the trivalent state normally prevails in the wet and room temperature-dried gels. Heating in air at >100 degreesC can generate a light yellow coloration with partial oxidation to the tetravalent state. Above 200 degreesC and up to similar to1000 degreesC. cerium is oxidized to its tetravalent state. In contrast, when tetravalent cerium is introduced into the sol, both the wet and room temperature-dried gels lose the yellow-brown color of the initial ceric ammonium nitrate solution. When the sol-gel is heated to 110 degreesC it turns yellowish as the cerium tends to be re-oxidized. The yellow color is believed to represent the effect of oxidation and oligomerization of the cerium-silanol units in the matrix. The luminescence properties are also affected by these changes, the details of which are reported herein. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Actinide Chem Grp, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Assefa, Z (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM assefaz@ornl.gov NR 36 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 9 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1386-1425 J9 SPECTROCHIM ACTA A JI Spectroc. Acta Pt. A-Molec. Biomolec. Spectr. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 60 IS 8-9 BP 1873 EP 1881 DI 10.1016/j.saa.2003.10.005 PG 9 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA 843WB UT WOS:000223116400024 PM 15248963 ER PT J AU Simpson, TW Booker, AJ Ghosh, D Giunta, AA Koch, PN Yang, RJ AF Simpson, TW Booker, AJ Ghosh, D Giunta, AA Koch, PN Yang, RJ TI Approximation methods in multidisciplinary analysis and optimization: a panel discussion SO STRUCTURAL AND MULTIDISCIPLINARY OPTIMIZATION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd ISSMO/AIAA Internet Conference on Approximations in Optimization CY OCT 14-25, 2002 CL ELECTR NETWORK SP ISSMO, AIAA DE analysis of variance; approximation methods; design of experiments; kriging; response surfaces; surrogate models ID RESPONSE-SURFACE APPROXIMATIONS; COMPUTER EXPERIMENTS; ROBUST OPTIMIZATION; DESIGN OPTIMIZATION; ENGINEERING DESIGN; BAYESIAN DESIGN; QUALITY-CONTROL; PREDICTION; SURROGATES; SIMULATION AB This paper summarizes the discussion at the Approximation Methods Panel that was held at the 9(th)AIAA/ISSMO Symposium on Multidisciplinary Analysis & Optimization in Atlanta, GA on September 2-4, 2002. The objective of the panel was to discuss the current state-of-the-art of approximation methods and identify future research directions important to the community. The panel consisted of five representatives from industry and government: (1) Andrew J. Booker from The Boeing Company, (2) Dipankar Ghosh from Vanderplaats Research & Development, (3) Anthony A. Giunta from Sandia National Laboratories, (4) Patrick N. Koch from Engineous Software, Inc., and (5) Ren-Jye Yang from Ford Motor Company. Each panelist was asked to (i) give one or two brief examples of typical uses of approximation methods by his company, (ii) describe the current state-of-the-art of these methods used by his company, (iii) describe the current challenges in the use and adoption of approximation methods within his company, and (iv) identify future research directions in approximation methods. Several common themes arose from the discussion, including differentiating between design of experiments and design and analysis of computer experiments, visualizing experimental results and data from approximation models, capturing uncertainty with approximation methods, and handling problems with large numbers of variables. These are discussed in turn along with the future directions identified by the panelists, which emphasized educating engineers in using approximation methods. C1 Penn State Univ, Dept Mech & Nucl Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Boeing Co, Seattle, WA 98124 USA. Vanderplaats Res & Dev Inc, Colorado Springs, CO 80906 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Optimizat & Uncertainty Estimat Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Engineous Software Inc, Adv Technol & Applicat, Cary, NC 27513 USA. Ford Res & Adv Engn, Optimizat & Robustness Safety R&A, Dearborn, MI 48124 USA. RP Simpson, TW (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Mech & Nucl Engn, 329 Leonhard Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM tws8@psu.edu; andrew.j.booker@boeing.com; dg@vrand.com; aagiunt@sandia.gov; patrick.koch@engineous.com; ryang@ford.com NR 85 TC 155 Z9 169 U1 6 U2 45 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1615-147X J9 STRUCT MULTIDISCIP O JI Struct. Multidiscip. Optim. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 27 IS 5 BP 302 EP 313 DI 10.1007/s00158-004-0389-9 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Computer Science; Engineering; Mechanics GA 834CR UT WOS:000222389700002 ER PT J AU Stojanoff, V AF Stojanoff, V TI A novel approach to high-throughput screening: A solution for structural genomics? SO STRUCTURE LA English DT Editorial Material AB A quasi in situ technique for screening of diffraction quality biomolecular crystals presents itself to revolutionize the crystallogenesis field. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, NSLS, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Stojanoff, V (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, NSLS, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI stojanoff, vivian /I-7290-2012 OI stojanoff, vivian /0000-0002-6650-512X NR 6 TC 1 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 1100 MASSACHUSETTS AVE, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 USA SN 0969-2126 J9 STRUCTURE JI Structure PD JUL PY 2004 VL 12 IS 7 BP 1127 EP 1128 DI 10.1016/j.str.2004.06.010 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA 840NP UT WOS:000222866100007 PM 15242588 ER PT J AU Zhang, RG Wu, RY Joachimiak, G Mazmanian, SK Missiakas, DM Gornicki, P Schneewind, O Joachimiak, A AF Zhang, RG Wu, RY Joachimiak, G Mazmanian, SK Missiakas, DM Gornicki, P Schneewind, O Joachimiak, A TI Structures of sortase B from staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus anthracis reveal catalytic amino acid triad in the active site SO STRUCTURE LA English DT Article ID GRAM-POSITIVE BACTERIA; IMIDAZOLIUM ION-PAIR; SURFACE-PROTEINS; CELL-WALL; ANCHOR STRUCTURE; LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; SRTA GENE; IN-VITRO; STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; PEPTIDOGLYCAN SYNTHESIS AB Surface proteins attached by sortases to the cell wall envelope of bacterial pathogens play important roles during infection. Sorting and attachment of these proteins is directed by C-terminal signals. Sortase B of S. aureus recognizes a motif NPQTN, cleaves the polypeptide after the Thr residue, and attaches the protein to pentaglycine cross-bridges. Sortase B of B. anthracis is thought to recognize the NPKTG motif, and attaches surface proteins to m-diaminopimelic acid cross-bridges. We have determined crystal structure of sortase B from B. anthracis and S. aureus at 1.6 and 2.0 Angstrom resolutions, respectively. These structures show a beta-barrel fold with alpha-helical elements on its outside, a structure thus far exclusive to the sortase family. A putative active site located on the edge of the beta-barrel is comprised of a Cys-His-Asp catalytic triad and presumably faces the bacterial cell surface. A putative binding site for the sorting signal is located nearby. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Struct Biol Ctr, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Midwest Ctr Struct Genom, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Chicago, Comm Microbiol, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Mol Genet & Cell Biol, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Joachimiak, A (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Struct Biol Ctr, 9700 S Cass Ave,Bldg 202, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM andrzejj@anl.gov OI Mazmanian, Sarkis/0000-0003-2713-1513 FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI 52474, R01 AI038897, R01 AI052474, U54 AI057153, AI38897, 1U54 AI 057153]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM 58266, P50 GM062414-02, GM 62414, P50 GM062414, R01 GM058266] NR 53 TC 52 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 3 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 1100 MASSACHUSETTS AVE, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 USA SN 0969-2126 J9 STRUCTURE JI Structure PD JUL PY 2004 VL 12 IS 7 BP 1147 EP 1156 DI 10.1016/j.str.2004.06.001 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA 840NP UT WOS:000222866100010 PM 15242591 ER PT J AU Bruno, AC Espy, MA AF Bruno, AC Espy, MA TI Design of a SQUID array as a discrete spatial filter SO SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article AB A discrete spatial filter has been realized from a linear array of high temperature SQUIDS. We used two design methods to obtain several spatial frequency responses. The design consists of finding a weighting factor for each SQUID amplifier and setting the number of SQUIDS in the array. The results are discussed and checked experimentally with magnetic dipole sources at different lift-offs. The SQUID array keeps the original signal characteristics of the source and can even increase the noise rejection obtained with electronic planar first-order gradiometers. C1 Pontificia Univ Catolica Rio de Janeiro, Dept Phys, BR-22453900 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biophys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Bruno, AC (reprint author), Pontificia Univ Catolica Rio de Janeiro, Dept Phys, Rua Marques Sao Vicente 225, BR-22453900 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. EM acbruno@fis.puc-rio.br NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-2048 J9 SUPERCOND SCI TECH JI Supercond. Sci. Technol. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 17 IS 7 BP 908 EP 915 AR PII S0953-2048(04)73636-2 DI 10.1088/0953-2048/17/7/014 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 847BD UT WOS:000223362800016 ER PT J AU Cooley, LD Kang, K Klie, RF Li, Q Moodenbaugh, AM Sabatini, RL AF Cooley, LD Kang, K Klie, RF Li, Q Moodenbaugh, AM Sabatini, RL TI Formation of MgB2 at low temperatures by reaction of Mg with B6Si SO SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CRITICAL-CURRENT DENSITY; SUPERCONDUCTOR; STOICHIOMETRY; SUBSTITUTION; TAPES AB Formation of MgB2 by reactions of Mg with B6Si and Mg with B were compared, the former also producing Mg2Si as a major product. Compared to the binary system, the ternary reactions for identical time and temperature were more complete at 750degreesC and below, as indicated by higher diamagnetic shielding and larger x-ray diffraction peak intensities relative to those of Mg. MgB2 could be produced at temperatures as low as 450degreesC by the ternary reaction. Analyses by electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction and of the upper critical field show that Si does not enter the MgB2 phase. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Cooley, LD (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Cooley, Lance/E-7377-2015; OI Cooley, Lance/0000-0003-3488-2980; Moodenbaugh, Arnold/0000-0002-3415-6762 NR 24 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-2048 J9 SUPERCOND SCI TECH JI Supercond. Sci. Technol. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 17 IS 7 BP 942 EP 946 AR PII S0953-2048(04)77783-0 DI 10.1088/0953-2048/17/7/020 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 847BD UT WOS:000223362800022 ER PT J AU Bull, RJ Sasser, LB Lei, XC AF Bull, RJ Sasser, LB Lei, XC TI Interactions in the tumor-promoting activity of carbon tetrachloride, trichloroacetate, and dichloroacetate in the liver of male B6C3F1 mice SO TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE trichloroethylene; carbon tetrachloride; dichloroacetate; trichloroacetate; interactions of tumor promoters ID IN-VIVO; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; ACID; HEPATOCARCINOGENESIS; TRICHLOROETHYLENE; HEPATOCYTES; INDUCTION; INSULIN; MODE; DCA AB Interactions between carcinogens in mixtures found in the environment have been a concern for several decades. In the present study, male B6C3F1 mice were used to study the responses to mixtures of dichloroacetate (DCA), trichloroacetate (TCA), and carbon tetrachloride (CT). TCA produces liver tumors in mice with the phenotypic characteristics common to peroxisome proliferators. DCA increases the growth of liver tumors with a phenotype that is distinct in several respects from those produced by TCA. These chemicals are effective as carcinogens at doses that do not produce cytotoxicity. Thus, they encourage clonal expansion of initiated cells through subtle, selective mechanisms. CT is well known for its ability to promote the growth of liver tumors through cytotoxicity that produces a generalized growth stimulus in the liver that is reflected in a reparative hyperplasia. Thus, CT is relatively non-specific in its promotion of initiated cells within the liver. The objective of this study was to determine how the differing modes of action of these chemicals might interact when given as mixed exposures. The hypothesis was that the effects of two selective promoters would not be more than additive. On the other hand, CT would be selective only to cells not sensitive to its effects as a cytotoxin. Thus, it was hypothesized that neither DCA nor TCA would add significantly to the effects produced by CT. Mice were initiated by vinyl carbamate (VC), and then promoted by DCA, TCA, CT, or the pair-wised combinations of the three compounds. The effect of each treatment or treatment combination on tumor number per animal and mean tumor volume was assessed in each animal. Dose-related increases in mean tumor volume were observed with 20 and 50 mg/kg CT, but each produced equal numbers of tumors at 36 weeks. As the dose of CT was increased to greater than or equal to100 mg/kg substantial increases in the number of tumors per animal were observed, but the mean tumor size decreased. This finding suggests that initiation occurs as doses of CT increase to greater than or equal to100 mg/kg, perhaps as a result of the inflammatory response that is known to occur with high doses of CT. When administered: alone in the drinking water at 0.1, 0.5 and 2 g/l, DCA increased both tumor number and tumor size in a dose-related manner. With TCA treatment at 2 g/l in drinking water a maximum tumor number was reached by 24 weeks and was maintained until 36 weeks of treatment. DCA treatment did not produce a plateau in tumor number within the experimental period, but the numbers observed at the end of the experimental period were similar to TCA and doses of 50 mg/kg CT. The tumor numbers observed at the end of the experiment are consistent with the assumption that the administered dose of the tumor initiator, vinyl carbamate, was the major determinant of tumor number and that treatments with CT, DCA, and TCA primarily affected tumor size. The results with mixtures of these compounds were consistent with the basic hypotheses that the responses to tumor promoters with differing mechanisms are limited to additivity at low effective doses. More complex, mutually inhibitory activity was more often observed between the three compounds. At 24 weeks, DCA produced a decrease in tumor numbers promoted by TCA, but the numbers were not different from TCA alone at 36 weeks. The reason for this result became apparent at 36 weeks of treatment where a dose-related decrease in the size of tumors promoted by TCA resulted from DCA co-administration. On the other hand, the low dose of TCA (0. 1 g/l) decreased the number of tumors produced by a high dose of DCA (2 g/l), but higher doses of TCA (2 g/l) produced the same number as observed with DCA alone. DCA inhibited the growth rate of CT-induced tumors (CT dose = 50 mg/kg). TCA substantially increased the numbers of tumors observed at early time points when combined with CT, but this was not observed at 36 weeks. The lack of an effect at 36 weeks was attributable to the fact that more than 90% of the livers consisted of tumors and the earlier effect was masked by coalescence of tumors. Thus, the ability of TCA to significantly increase tumor numbers in CT-treated mice was probably real and contrary to our original hypothesis that CT was non-specific in its effects on initiated cells. It is probable that the interaction between CT and TCA is explained through stimulation of the growth of cells with differing phenotypes. These data suggest that the outcome of interactions between the mechanisms of tumor promotion vary based on the characteristics of the initiated cells. The interactions may result in additive or inhibitory effects, but no significant evidence of synergy was observed. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Bull, RJ (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM rjbull@earthlink.net RI WSU, USTUR/I-1056-2013 NR 29 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0300-483X J9 TOXICOLOGY JI Toxicology PD JUL 1 PY 2004 VL 199 IS 2-3 BP 169 EP 183 DI 10.1016/j.tox.2004.02.018 PG 15 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 825TX UT WOS:000221782300009 PM 15147791 ER PT J AU Erdemir, A AF Erdemir, A TI Design criteria for superlubricity in carbon films and related microstructures SO TRIBOLOGY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE carbon films; superlubricity; microstructure; design criteria ID NANOCRYSTALLINE DIAMOND FILMS; TRIBOLOGICAL PROPERTIES; SUPERLOW-FRICTION; SILICON-CARBIDE; COATINGS; PERFORMANCE; PLASMAS AB Carbon offers the kind of flexibility that one needs in the design and production of chemically unique microstructures with properties ranging from superlubricity to super-hardness and/or -softness. This flexibility can be exploited for numerous tribological applications, ranging in sizes from nano-scale electromechanical systems to meso-scale engine parts and components. Recently, carbon was used in our laboratory to produce nearly frictionless carbon (NFC) films having friction coefficients as low as 0.001 and wear rates of 10(-11)-10(-10) mm(3)/N in even under dry sliding conditions and at very high contact pressures. Using advanced fabrication and chemical vapor deposition methods, our research team has pioneered the development of other unique microstructures possessing exceptional physical, chemical, mechanical, electrical, and tribological properties. The combination of such exceptional properties in one material is rather rare, but urgently needed by the industry to meet the increasingly multifunctional needs of advanced mechanical systems and devices. This paper provides an overview of recent progress in the study and understanding of the tribological properties of carbon-based coatings. The design and surface engineering aspects of such coatings are discussed and the principles of superlubricity in these films are presented. Examples of current and future applications for two- and three-dimensional carbon-based structures are also provided. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Erdemir, A (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, 9700 S Cass Ave ET 212, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM erdemir@anl.gov NR 27 TC 57 Z9 62 U1 2 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0301-679X J9 TRIBOL INT JI Tribol. Int. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 37 IS 7 BP 577 EP 583 DI 10.1016/j.triboint.2003.12.007 PG 7 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 825DM UT WOS:000221736200008 ER PT J AU Evans, RD More, KL Darragh, CV Nixon, HP AF Evans, RD More, KL Darragh, CV Nixon, HP TI Transmission electron microscopy of boundary-lubricated bearing surfaces. Part I: Mineral oil lubricant SO TRIBOLOGY TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 59th Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Tribologists-and-Lubrication-Engineers CY MAY 17-20, 2004 CL Toronto, CANADA SP Soc Tribologists & Lubricat Engineers DE tapered roller bearing; boundary lubrication; oxides; surface films; transmission electron microscopy (TEM); wear ID FOCUSED ION-BEAM; CONTACT FATIGUE; SLIDING CONTACT; STEEL SURFACES; BALL-BEARINGS; WORN SURFACE; OXIDE; FILMS; MICROSTRUCTURE; DEFORMATION AB Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was performed on the near-surface material (depth <500 nm) of tapered roller bearing inner rings (cones) that were tested at two levels of boundary-lubricated conditions in mineral oil with no additives. Site-specific thinning of cross section cone surface sections for TEM analyses was conducted using the focused ion beam (FIB) milling technique. High-resolution structural and compositional characterization of near-surface material and surface layers was performed on an untested cone as well as cones tested at Lambda similar to 1.1 and 0.3. This approach revealed near-surface microstructural distortion and grain size gradients that were attributed to surface finishing operations during manufacture. The characteristics of oxide surface layers and micro-cracks on the tested bearing surfaces were evaluated and found to depend on lubrication conditions. C1 Timken Co, Canton, OH 44706 USA. Case Western Reserve Univ, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Evans, RD (reprint author), Timken Co, Canton, OH 44706 USA. RI More, Karren/A-8097-2016; OI More, Karren/0000-0001-5223-9097; Evans, Ryan/0000-0003-4549-8247 NR 42 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 7 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1040-2004 J9 TRIBOL T JI Tribol. Trans. PD JUL-SEP PY 2004 VL 47 IS 3 BP 430 EP 439 PG 10 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 844MH UT WOS:000223161900015 ER PT J AU Thompson, GB Miller, MK Fraser, HL AF Thompson, GB Miller, MK Fraser, HL TI Some aspects of atom probe specimen preparation and analysis of thin film materials SO ULTRAMICROSCOPY LA English DT Article ID TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; TITANIUM/ALUMINUM MULTILAYERS; PHASE-STABILITY; TITANIUM; GROWTH; SI AB Some of the factors in the preparation of atom probe specimens of metallic multilayer thin films have been investigated. A series of Ti/Nb multilayer films were sputtered deposited on n-doped Si [0 0 1] substrates with either 5 or 0.05 Omega cm resistivity. Each wafer was pre-fabricated into a series of 5 mum x 5 mum x approximate to 80 mum island posts by photolithography and reactive ion etching. Once the film was grown on the wafer, a Si post was mounted to either a tungsten or stainless steel fine tip needle that was mechanically crimped to a Cu tube for handling. The specimen was then loaded into a Focus Ion Beam instrument where a sacrificial Pt cap was in situ deposited onto the surface of the film and subsequently annularly ion milled into the appropriate geometry. The Pt cap was found to be an effective method in reducing Ga ion damage and implantation into the film during milling. The multilayers deposited on the high resistivity Si exhibited uncontrolled field evaporation which lead to high mass tails in the mass spectra, a reduction in the mass resolution, high background noise, propensity for "flash-failure", and a variation in the apparent layer thickness as the experiment elapsed in time. The multilayers deposited on lower resistivity Si did not suffer from these artifacts. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Alabama, Dept Met & Mat Engn, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Ohio State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Thompson, GB (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Met & Mat Engn, A129 Bevill Bldg,POB 87020, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. EM gthompson@coe.eng.ua.edu NR 28 TC 51 Z9 53 U1 3 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3991 J9 ULTRAMICROSCOPY JI Ultramicroscopy PD JUL PY 2004 VL 100 IS 1-2 BP 25 EP 34 DI 10.1016/j.ultramic.2004.01.010 PG 10 WC Microscopy SC Microscopy GA 838MD UT WOS:000222716500004 PM 15219690 ER PT J AU Lerotic, M Jacobsen, C Schafer, T Vogt, S AF Lerotic, M Jacobsen, C Schafer, T Vogt, S TI Cluster analysis of soft X-ray spectromicroscopy data SO ULTRAMICROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE X-ray microscopy; X-ray spectromicroscopy; principal component analysis; cluster analysis ID SPECTROSCOPY; MICROSCOPE; INSTRUMENTATION; SEQUENCES; SPECTRA; IMAGES AB Soft X-ray spectromicroscopy provides spectral data on the chemical speciation of light elements at sub-100 nm spatial resolution. When all chemical species in a specimen are known and separately characterized, existing approaches can be used to measure the concentration of each component at each pixel. In other cases (such as often occur in biology or environmental science), some spectral signatures may not be known in advance so other approaches must be used. We describe here an approach that uses principal component analysis to orthogonalize and noise-filter spectromicroscopy data. We then use cluster analysis (a form of unsupervised pattern matching) to classify pixels according to spectral similarity, to extract representative, cluster-averaged spectra with good signal-to-noise ratio, and to obtain gradations of concentration of these representative spectra at each pixel. The method is illustrated with a simulated data set of organic compounds, and a mixture of lutetium in hematite used to understand colloidal transport properties of radionuclides. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, INE, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Lerotic, M (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. EM lerotic@xray1.physics.sunysb.edu RI Schafer, Thorsten /A-1258-2010; Jacobsen, Chris/E-2827-2015; Vogt, Stefan/B-9547-2009; Vogt, Stefan/J-7937-2013 OI Schafer, Thorsten /0000-0002-7133-8717; Jacobsen, Chris/0000-0001-8562-0353; Vogt, Stefan/0000-0002-8034-5513; Vogt, Stefan/0000-0002-8034-5513 FU NIBIB NIH HHS [R01 EB00479-01A1] NR 31 TC 108 Z9 108 U1 1 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3991 J9 ULTRAMICROSCOPY JI Ultramicroscopy PD JUL PY 2004 VL 100 IS 1-2 BP 35 EP 57 DI 10.1016/j.ultramic.2004.01.008 PG 23 WC Microscopy SC Microscopy GA 838MD UT WOS:000222716500005 PM 15219691 ER PT J AU Paredes, AM Ferreira, D Horton, M Saad, A Tsuruta, H Johnston, R Klimstra, W Ryman, K Hernandez, R Chiu, W Brown, DT AF Paredes, AM Ferreira, D Horton, M Saad, A Tsuruta, H Johnston, R Klimstra, W Ryman, K Hernandez, R Chiu, W Brown, DT TI Conformational changes in Sindbis virions resulting from exposure to low pH and interactions with cells suggest that cell penetration may occur at the cell surface in the absence of membrane fusion SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Sindbis virus; electron cryo-microscopy; pH conditions; structure; infection; membrane fusion ID SEMLIKI-FOREST-VIRUS; PROTEIN-PROTEIN INTERACTIONS; CULTURED MOSQUITO CELLS; PLASMA-MEMBRANE; DISULFIDE BONDS; ENCEPHALITIS-VIRUS; GLYCOPROTEIN SHELL; AEDES-ALBOPICTUS; INFLUENZA-VIRUS; SPIKE PROTEIN AB Alphaviruses have the ability to induce cell-cell fusion after exposure to acid pH. This observation has served as an article of proof that these membrane-containing viruses infect cells by fusion of the virus membrane with a host cell membrane upon exposure to acid pH after incorporation into a cell endosome. We have investigated the requirements for the induction of virus-mediated, low pH-induced cell-cell fusion and cell-virus fusion. We have correlated the pH requirements for this process to structural changes they produce in the virus by electron cryo-microscopy. We found that exposure to acid pH was required to establish conditions for membrane fusion but that membrane fusion did not occur until return to neutral pH. Electron cryo-microscopy revealed dramatic changes in the structure of the virion as it was moved to acid pH and then returned to neutral pH. None of these treatments resulted in the disassembly of the virus protein icosahedral shell that is a requisite for the process of virus membrane-cell membrane fusion. The appearance of a prominent protruding structure upon exposure to acid pH and its disappearance upon return to neutral pH suggested that the production of a "pore"-like structure at the fivefold axis may facilitate cell penetration as has been proposed for polio (J. Virol. 74 (2000) 1342) and human rhino virus (Mol. Cell 10 (2002) 317). This transient structural change also provided an explanation for how membrane fusion occurs after return to neutral pH. Examination of virus-cell complexes at neutral pH supported the contention that infection occurs at the cell surface at neutral pH by the production of a virus structure that breaches the plasma membrane bilayer. These data suggest an alternative route of infection for Sindbis virus that occurs by a process that does not involve membrane fusion and does not require disassembly of the virus protein shell. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mol & Struct Biochem, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Natl Ctr Macromol Imaging, Verna & Marrs Mclean Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Stanford Univ, SLAC M569, SSRL, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. Univ N Carolina, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RP Brown, DT (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mol & Struct Biochem, Campus Box 7622, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM dennis_brown@ncsu.edu NR 59 TC 54 Z9 56 U1 1 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD JUL 1 PY 2004 VL 324 IS 2 BP 373 EP 386 DI 10.1016/j.virus.2004.03.046 PG 14 WC Virology SC Virology GA 833YE UT WOS:000222376800012 PM 15207623 ER PT J AU Sun, X Khaleel, MA AF Sun, X Khaleel, MA TI Resistance spot welding of aluminum alloy to steel with transition material - Part II: Finite element analyses of nugget growth SO WELDING JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE welding process simulation; finite element analysis; resistance spot welding; dissimilar metals joining; aluminum alloy; transition material; aluminum-clad steel; nugget growth AB This paper summarizes work on finite element modeling of nugget growth for resistance spot welding of aluminum alloy to steel. It is a sequel to a previous paper on experimental studies of resistance spot welding of aluminum to steel using a transition material. Since aluminum alloys and steel cannot be readily fusion welded together due to their drastically different thermal physical properties, a cold-rolled clad material was introduced as a transition to aid the resistance welding process. Coupled electrical-thermal-mechanical finite element analyses were performed to simulate the nugget growth and heat generation patterns during the welding process. The predicted nugget growth results were compared to the experimental weld cross sections. Reasonable comparisons of nugget size were achieved. The finite element simulation procedures were also used in the electrode selection stage to help reduce weld expulsion and improve weld quality. C1 Battelle Mem Inst, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA. RP Sun, X (reprint author), Battelle Mem Inst, 505 King Ave, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. NR 16 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER WELDING SOC PI MIAMI PA 550 N W LEJEUNE RD, MIAMI, FL 33126 USA SN 0043-2296 J9 WELD J JI Weld. J. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 83 IS 7 BP 197S EP 202S PG 6 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 833HR UT WOS:000222328300010 ER PT J AU Lobitz, DW AF Lobitz, DW TI Aeroelastic stability predictions for a MW-sized blade SO WIND ENERGY LA English DT Article DE twist coupling; aeroelastic tailoring; instability; classical flutter AB Classical aeroelastic flutter instability historically has not been a driving issue in wind turbine design. In fact, rarely has this issue even been addressed in the past. Commensurately, among the wind turbines that have been built, rarely has classical flutter ever been observed. However, with the advent of larger turbines fitted with relatively softer blades, classical flutter may become a more important design consideration. In addition, innovative blade designs involving the use of aeroelastic tailoring, wherein the blade twists as it bends under the action of aerodynamic loads to shed load resulting from wind turbulence, may increase the blade's proclivity for flutter. With these considerations in mind it is prudent to revisit aeroelastic stability issues for a MW-sized blade with and without aeroelastic tailoring. Focusing on aeroelastic stability associated with the shed wake from an individual blade turning in still air, the frequency domain technique developed by Theodorsen for predicting classical flutter in fixed wing aircraft has been adapted for use with a rotor blade. Results indicate that the predicted flutter speed of a MW-sized blade is slightly greater than twice the operational speed of the rotor. When a moderate amount of aeroelastic tailoring is added to the blade, a modest decrease (12%) in the flutter speed is predicted. By comparison, for a smaller rotor with relatively stiff blades the predicted flutter speed is approximately six times the operating speed. When frequently used approximations to Theodorsen's method are implemented, drastic underpredictions result, which, while conservative, may adversely impact blade design. These underpredictions are also evident when this MW-sized blade is analysed using time domain methods. Published in 2004 by John Wiley Sons, Ltd. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Lobitz, DW (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM dwlobit@sandia.gov NR 16 TC 33 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 13 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 1095-4244 J9 WIND ENERGY JI Wind Energy PD JUL-SEP PY 2004 VL 7 IS 3 BP 211 EP 224 DI 10.1002/we.120 PG 14 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 852TI UT WOS:000223778900004 ER PT J AU Tangler, JL AF Tangler, JL TI Insight into wind turbine stall and post-stall aerodynamics SO WIND ENERGY LA English DT Article DE wind turbine; performance prediction; stall; NASA ames phase VI AB The objective of this study was to evaluate measured NASA Ames Unsteady Aerodynamic Experiment post-stall blade element data and to provide guidelines for developing an empirical approach that predicts post-stall aerofoil characteristics. Blade element data were analysed from the five radial stations of the baseline 5.03 m radius rotor. A lifting surface/prescribed wake performance prediction method was used to determine a reference angle of attack that corresponds to the measured blade element data. Using the measured normal and tangential force coefficients and estimated angle of attack, spanwise distributions of lift and drag performance characteristics were derived along with the circulation distributions. Guidelines for a new stall and post-stall model based on the measured trends in the aerofoil performance characteristics, along with flat plate theory, are proposed for predicting the peak and post-peak power. Copyright (C) 2004 John Wiley Sons, Ltd. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Tangler, JL (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM james_tangler@nrel.gov NR 23 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 1 U2 8 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 1095-4244 J9 WIND ENERGY JI Wind Energy PD JUL-SEP PY 2004 VL 7 IS 3 BP 247 EP 260 DI 10.1002/we.122 PG 14 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 852TI UT WOS:000223778900006 ER PT J AU Kelley, SS Rials, TG Snell, R Groom, LH Sluiter, A AF Kelley, SS Rials, TG Snell, R Groom, LH Sluiter, A TI Use of near infrared spectroscopy to measure the chemical and mechanical properties of solid wood SO WOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ORTHOGONAL SIGNAL CORRECTION; REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY; EUCALYPTUS-NITENS; PULP YIELD; CELLULOSE CONTENT; NIR-SPECTROSCOPY; KRAFT PULPS; PREDICTION; SAMPLES; CLASSIFICATION AB Near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy (500 nm 2400 nm), coupled with multivariate analytic (MVA) statistical techniques, have been used to predict the chemical and mechanical properties of solid loblolly pine wood. The samples were selected from different radial locations and heights of three loblolly pine trees grown in Arkansas. The chemical composition and mechanical properties were measured with traditional wet chemical techniques and three point bending tests, respectively. The microfibril angle was measured with x-ray scattering. These chemical and mechanical properties were correlated with the NIR spectra using projection to latent structures (PLS) models. The correlations were very strong, with the correlation coefficients generally above 0.80. The mechanical properties could also be predicted using a reduced spectral range (650 nm-1150 nm) that should allow for field measurements of these properties using handheld NIR spectrometers. C1 Natl Bioenergy Ctr, Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. USFS, So Res Stn, Pineville, LA 71360 USA. Univ Tennessee, Forest Prod Ctr, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Kelley, SS (reprint author), Natl Bioenergy Ctr, Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM stephen_kelley@nrel.gov NR 37 TC 139 Z9 155 U1 3 U2 25 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0043-7719 J9 WOOD SCI TECHNOL JI Wood Sci. Technol. PD JUL PY 2004 VL 38 IS 4 BP 257 EP 276 DI 10.1007/s00226-003-0213-5 PG 20 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Forestry; Materials Science GA 844QD UT WOS:000223173800002 ER PT J AU Gillett, NP Weaver, AJ Zwiers, FW Wehner, MF AF Gillett, NP Weaver, AJ Zwiers, FW Wehner, MF TI Detection of volcanic influence on global precipitation SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HYDROLOGICAL CYCLES; LAND PRECIPITATION; CLIMATE; 20TH-CENTURY; SIMULATIONS; VARIABILITY; TEMPERATURE; SENSITIVITY; SIGNAL AB Observations of terrestrial precipitation from the latter half of the 20th century are compared with precipitation simulated by the Parallel Climate Model to determine which external forcings have had a detectable influence on precipitation. Consistent with a previous study using another model, we found that the global mean response to all forcings combined was significantly correlated with that observed. A detection and attribution analysis applied to the simulated and observed precipitation indicated that the volcanic signal is detectable both on its own and in a multiple regression with other forcings. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that shortwave forcings exert a larger influence on precipitation than longwave forcings. C1 Univ Victoria, Sch Earth & Ocean Sci, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6, Canada. Univ Victoria, Meteorol Serv Canada, Canadian Ctr Climate Modelling & Anal, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Computat Res Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Gillett, NP (reprint author), Univ Victoria, Sch Earth & Ocean Sci, POB 3055, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6, Canada. EM gillett@uvic.ca; weaver@uvic.ca; francis.zwiers@ec.gc.ca; mfwehner@lbl.gov RI Weaver, Andrew/E-7590-2011 NR 21 TC 355 Z9 359 U1 8 U2 17 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JUN 30 PY 2004 VL 31 IS 12 AR L12217 DI 10.1029/2004GL020044 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 839JG UT WOS:000222779500005 ER PT J AU Lu, RY Dong, BW Cess, RD Potter, GL AF Lu, RY Dong, BW Cess, RD Potter, GL TI The 1997/98 El Nino: A test for climate models SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID BUDGET AB Version 3 of the Hadley Centre Atmospheric Model (HadAM3) has been used to demonstrate one means of comparing a general circulation model with observations for a specific climate perturbation, namely the strong 1997/98 El Nino. This event was characterized by the collapse of the tropical Pacific's Walker circulation, caused by the lack of a zonal sea surface temperature gradient during the El Nino. Relative to normal years, cloud altitudes were lower in the western portion of the Pacific and higher in the eastern portion. HadAM3 likewise produced the observed collapse of the Walker circulation, and it did a reasonable job of reproducing the west/east cloud structure changes. This illustrates that the 1997/98 El Nino serves as a useful means of testing cloud-climate interactions in climate models. C1 Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Atmospher Phys, Beijing 10080, Peoples R China. Met Off, Hadley Ctr Climate Predict & Res, Exeter EX1 3PB, Devon, England. SUNY Stony Brook, Marine Sci Res Ctr, Stony Brook, NY 11790 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Program Climate Model Diag & Intercomparison, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Lu, RY (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Atmospher Phys, Beijing 10080, Peoples R China. EM rcess@notes.cc.sunysb.edu NR 13 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JUN 30 PY 2004 VL 31 IS 12 AR L12216 DI 10.1029/2004GL019956 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 839JG UT WOS:000222779500004 ER PT J AU Dimopoulos, S Kachru, S Kaloper, N Lawrence, A Silverstein, E AF Dimopoulos, S Kachru, S Kaloper, N Lawrence, A Silverstein, E TI Generating small numbers by tunneling in multi-throat compactifications SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS A LA English DT Article DE AdS/CFT correspondence; braneworlds; string phenomenology ID GAUGED EXTENDED SUPERGRAVITY; CONFORMAL FIELD-THEORIES; SUPERSYMMETRY BREAKING; STRING THEORY; EXTRA DIMENSION; ORBIFOLDS; MODELS; SCALE; UNIFICATION; ABSORPTION AB A generic F-theory compactification containing many D3 branes develops multiple brane throats. The interaction of observers residing inside different throats involves tunneling suppression and as a result, is very weak. This suggests a new mechanism for generating small numbers in Nature. One application is to the hierarchy problem: large supersymmetry breaking near the unification scale inside a shallow throat causes TeV-scale SUSY-breaking inside the standard-model throat. Another application, inspired by nuclear-decay, is in designing naturally long-lived particles: a cold dark matter particle residing near the standard model brane decays to an approximate CFT-state of a longer throat within a Hubble time. This suggests that most of the mass of the universe today could consist of CFT-rnatter and may soften structure formation at sub-galactic scales. The tunneling calculation demonstrates that the coupling between two throats is dominated by higher dimensional modes and consequently is much larger than a naive application of holography might suggest. C1 Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, SLAC, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Inst Theoret Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. RP Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM kaloper@physics.ucdavis.edu OI Lawrence, Albion/0000-0003-4116-045X NR 82 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0217-751X EI 1793-656X J9 INT J MOD PHYS A JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. A PD JUN 30 PY 2004 VL 19 IS 16 BP 2657 EP 2704 DI 10.1142/S0217751X04018075 PG 48 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 843NX UT WOS:000223091700003 ER PT J AU Pranevicius, L Milcius, D Pranevicius, LL Thomas, G AF Pranevicius, L Milcius, D Pranevicius, LL Thomas, G TI Plasma hydrogenation of Al, Mg and MgAl films under high-flux ion irradiation at elevated temperature SO JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS LA English DT Article DE thin films; hydrogen storage material; vapour deposition; X-ray diffraction ID THIN-FILMS; IMPLANTATION; TITANIUM; ALUMINUM; STORAGE; PERMEATION; DIFFUSION; IRON AB The behaviors of hydrogen in Al, Mg and MgAl thin films on stainless steel substrate were investigated in this work. The hydrogen ions extracted from plasma were used to load hydrogen into the film material. Glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy (GDOES) was applied to obtain the hydrogen depth profiles in Al films versus hydriding parameters. The MgH2, AlH2 and Mg(AlH4)(2) hydrides were identified in plasma hydrided films using X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results provide new aspects of hydriding of thin films under highly non-equilibrium conditions on the surface supported by high-flux ion irradiation. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Vytautas Magnus Univ, Dept Phys, LT-3035 Kaunas, Lithuania. Lithuanian Energy Inst, Surface Treatment Lab, LT-3035 Kaunas, Lithuania. Sandia Natl Labs, Reno, NV 89511 USA. RP Pranevicius, L (reprint author), Vytautas Magnus Univ, Dept Phys, 8 Vileikos St, LT-3035 Kaunas, Lithuania. EM liudvikas_pranevicius@fc.vdu.lt NR 17 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-8388 J9 J ALLOY COMPD JI J. Alloy. Compd. PD JUN 30 PY 2004 VL 373 IS 1-2 BP 9 EP 15 DI 10.1016/j.jallcom.2003.10.029 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 826VR UT WOS:000221858100005 ER PT J AU Deng, DW Kuo, KH Luo, ZP Miller, DJ Kramer, MJ Dennis, KW AF Deng, DW Kuo, KH Luo, ZP Miller, DJ Kramer, MJ Dennis, KW TI Crystal structure of the hexagonal Zn3MgY phase SO JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS LA English DT Article DE Zn-Mg-Y; crystalline approximant; structure ID QUASI-CRYSTALS; ALLOYS; SYSTEM AB The crystal structure of the hexagonal Zn3MgY Phase has been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The structural model, refined to a final R value of 0.047, has the composition Zn60.68Mg18.28Y21.04. a = 9.082(2) Angstrom and c = 9.415(5) Angstrom and the space group P6(3)/mmc. Among the 36 atomic sites 28 (or 77.8%) are icosahedrally coordinated (heavily distorted by the large Y atoms) and occupied by Zn and Mg (not all) atoms. As the interatomic distance between the centers of a pair of icosahedra increases from 2.6 to 3.1 Angstrom, 4.7 to 4.8 Angstrom, to 6.4 Angstrom, their connection changes from interpenetration, face-sharing, to vertex-sharing. The structure of Zn3MgY is characterized by a layer structure consisting of FP(FP)' layers stacked along the c axis, where F and P denote flat and puckered layers, respectively, and (FP)' is related to FP by a 6(3) screw. The Zn3 icosahedra, in the PFP' layer block, are fused into pairs in the <100> directions. On the other hand the Zn 1, Zn2, and Mg/Zn icosahedra form vertex-sharing, face-sharing, or interpenetrated chains in the [001] direction. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Dalian Univ Technol, Dept Mat Engn, Dalian 116024, Peoples R China. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Microscopy & Imaging Ctr, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Beijing Lab Electron Microscopy, Beijing 100080, Peoples R China. RP Deng, DW (reprint author), Dalian Univ Technol, Dept Mat Engn, Dalian 116024, Peoples R China. EM dwdeng@blem.ac.cn RI Luo, Zhiping/C-4435-2014 OI Luo, Zhiping/0000-0002-8264-6424 NR 17 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-8388 J9 J ALLOY COMPD JI J. Alloy. Compd. PD JUN 30 PY 2004 VL 373 IS 1-2 BP 156 EP 160 DI 10.1016/j.jallcom.2003.10.039 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 826VR UT WOS:000221858100026 ER PT J AU Brown, LR Nikitin, A Benner, DC Devi, VM Smith, MAH Fejard, L Champion, JP Tyuterev, VG Sams, RL AF Brown, LR Nikitin, A Benner, DC Devi, VM Smith, MAH Fejard, L Champion, JP Tyuterev, VG Sams, RL TI Line intensities of CH3D in the Triad region: 6-10 mu m SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE LA English DT Article DE monodeuterated methane; CH3D Triad; fundamentals; hotbands; intensities ID PERTURBATION-ALLOWED TRANSITIONS; DIODE-LASER MEASUREMENTS; INFRARED-SPECTRUM; ABSORPTION INTENSITIES; POLYATOMIC-MOLECULES; ROTATIONAL ANALYSIS; GROUND-STATE; HALF-WIDTHS; (CH3D)-C-12; METHANE AB Line intensities of the three lowest fundamentals of the (CH3D)-C-12 Triad are modeled with an RMS of 3.2% using over 2 100 observed values retrieved by multispectrurn fitting of enriched sample spectra recorded with two Fourier transform spectrometers. The band strengths of the Triad in units of 10(-18) cm(-1)/(molecule cm(-2)) at 296 K are, respectively, 2.33 for v(6) (E) at 1161 cm(-1), 1.75 for v(3) (A(1)) at 1307 cm(-1) and 0.571 for v(5) (E) at 1472 cm(-1). The total calculated absorption arising from (CH3D)-C-12 Triad fundamentals is 4.65 x 10(-18) cm(-1)/(molecule cm-2) at 296 K. In addition. some 740 intensities of nine hotbands are fitted to 8.1%; most of the hotband measurements belong to 2v(6) - v(6) and v(3) + v(6) - v(3) near 1160 cm(-1) 2(v)3 - v(3) near 1290 cm(-1) and v(3) + v(6) - v(6) near 1304 cm(-1). The other observed hotbands are v(5) + v(6) - v(6), 2v(5) - v(5), v(5) + v(6) - v(5), v(3) + v(5) - v(3), and v(3) + v(5) - v(5). (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. Russian Acad Sci, Inst Atmospher Opt, Lab Theoret Spect, Tomsk 634055, Russia. Coll William & Mary, Dept Phys, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. Univ Bourgogne, CNRS, Phys Lab, F-21078 Dijon, France. Fac Sci, UMR CNRS 6089, Grp Spectrometrie Mol & Atmospher, F-56187 Reims 2, France. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Brown, LR (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, MS 183-601,4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. EM linda.brown@jpl.nasa.gov RI Champion, Jean-Paul/C-3963-2009; Nikitin, Andrei/K-2624-2013 OI Nikitin, Andrei/0000-0002-4280-4096 NR 38 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-2860 J9 J MOL STRUCT JI J. Mol. Struct. PD JUN 30 PY 2004 VL 695 SI SI BP 181 EP 188 DI 10.1016/j.molstruc.2003.12.041 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 827SV UT WOS:000221922000017 ER PT J AU Vaitheeswaran, G Petit, L Svane, A Kanchana, V Rajagopalan, M AF Vaitheeswaran, G Petit, L Svane, A Kanchana, V Rajagopalan, M TI Electronic structure of praseodymium monopnictides and monochalcogenides under pressure SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article ID NACL-TYPE STRUCTURE; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; CERIUM; CHALCOGENIDES; LANTHANIDE; SI; LN; PR AB The electronic structure of the praseodymium monopnictides and monochalcogenides is studied using the self-interaction corrected (SIC) local spin density (LSD) approximation. This method allows for a description of the Pr ions with some f electrons localized in atomic like orbitals, while other f degrees of freedom are forming hybridized bands. In this way different valency configurations of the Pr ion may be compared. The ground state configuration is obtained from the global energy minimum. With trivalent Pr ions, corresponding to two localized f electrons per Pr ion, the experimental lattice constants and bulk moduli of all these compounds are well reproduced. In contrast, the conventional LSD band treatment of the Pr pnictides and chalcogenides yields too small lattice constants. With applied pressure, the Pr monopnictides and monochalcogenides undergo simple B1 to B2 structural transitions which are well reproduced by the present theory without destabilization of the localized f(2) shells. C1 Anna Univ, Dept Phys, Madras 600025, Tamil Nadu, India. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Computat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Aarhus Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. RP Vaitheeswaran, G (reprint author), Anna Univ, Dept Phys, Madras 600025, Tamil Nadu, India. EM g.s.vaithee@fkf.mpg.de RI Petit, Leon/B-5255-2008; OI Petit, Leon/0000-0001-6489-9922 NR 31 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD JUN 30 PY 2004 VL 16 IS 25 BP 4429 EP 4440 AR PII S0953-8984(04)79293-0 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/16/25/004 PG 12 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 841SV UT WOS:000222952800007 ER PT J AU Bussmann-Holder, A Bishop, AR AF Bussmann-Holder, A Bishop, AR TI Intrinsic local modes and heterogeneity in relaxor ferroelectrics SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article ID POLARIZATION DISTRIBUTION; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; LATTICE-DYNAMICS; BEHAVIOR; CRYSTALS; GLASSES; ORIGIN; ORDER AB We suggest that ferroelectric relaxor glasses represent an important class of materials in which intrinsic spatial heterogeneity and multiscale dynamics can arise from the formation of local modes due to inherent nonlinearity in the polarizable medium. Specifically, the phenomenology of relaxor ferroelectrics in terms of the spherical random bond-random field (Blinc et al 1999 Phys. Rev. Lett. 83 424) model is explained microscopically by the formation of discrete breathers embedded in a soft but silent medium, which form in-gap local modes (IGLM) where charge and lattice are intrinsically coupled. Complete mode softening is inhibited by the IGLM and soft elasticity a prerequisite for their existence. C1 Max Planck Inst Solid State Res, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Bussmann-Holder, A (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Solid State Res, Heisenbergstr 1, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. NR 27 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD JUN 30 PY 2004 VL 16 IS 25 BP L313 EP L320 AR PII S0953-8984(04)79269-3 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/16/25/L02 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 841SV UT WOS:000222952800002 ER PT J AU Chen, HB Sholl, DS AF Chen, HB Sholl, DS TI Rapid diffusion of CH4/H-2 mixtures in single-walk carbon nanotubes SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DIFFUSION; SIMULATIONS; ZEOLITES; CF4; TRANSPORT; FAUJASITE; MEMBRANES; DYNAMICS; FLOW; CH4 C1 Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Natl Energy & Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. RP Sholl, DS (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. EM sholl@andrew.cmu.edu RI Garcia-Sanchez, Almudena/B-3303-2009 NR 26 TC 94 Z9 96 U1 4 U2 23 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JUN 30 PY 2004 VL 126 IS 25 BP 7778 EP 7779 DI 10.1021/ja039462d PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 831SY UT WOS:000222217600024 PM 15212516 ER PT J AU Hay, BP Gutowski, M Dixon, DA Garza, J Vargas, R Moyer, BA AF Hay, BP Gutowski, M Dixon, DA Garza, J Vargas, R Moyer, BA TI Structural criteria for the rational design of selective ligands: Convergent hydrogen bonding sites for the nitrate anion SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Review ID CENTER-DOT-O=C; MOLECULAR WAVE-FUNCTIONS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; BASIS-SETS; AB-INITIO; ACCEPTOR DIRECTIONALITY; COORDINATION CHEMISTRY; RECOGNITION PROPERTIES; BENCHMARK CALCULATIONS; SYNTHETIC RECEPTORS AB A large number of crystal structures are analyzed to characterize the structural aspects of hydrogen bonding interactions with the NO(3)(-) anion. Further insight is provided by the use of electronic structure calculations to determine stable geometries and interaction energies for NO(3)(-) complexes with several simple hydrogen bond donor groups, including water, methanol, N-methylform-amide, and methane. The results establish the existence of a clear set of structural criteria for the rational design of molecular receptors that complex the NO(3)(-) anion through hydrogen bonding interactions. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Alabama, Dept Chem, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. Univ Autonoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Div Ciencias Basicas & Ingn, Mexico City 09340, DF, Mexico. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Hay, BP (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM ben.hay@pnl.gov RI Solominow, Sonia/A-4021-2008; Garza, Jorge/H-9395-2016; Moyer, Bruce/L-2744-2016; Garza-Olguin, Jorge/N-3106-2016 OI Garza, Jorge/0000-0003-4249-6078; Moyer, Bruce/0000-0001-7484-6277; Garza-Olguin, Jorge/0000-0003-4249-6078 NR 120 TC 70 Z9 70 U1 2 U2 18 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JUN 30 PY 2004 VL 126 IS 25 BP 7925 EP 7934 DI 10.1021/ja0487980 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 831SY UT WOS:000222217600049 PM 15212541 ER PT J AU Zhang, Q Dwyer, TJ Tsui, V Case, DA Cho, JH Dervan, PB Wemmer, DE AF Zhang, Q Dwyer, TJ Tsui, V Case, DA Cho, JH Dervan, PB Wemmer, DE TI NMR structure of a cyclic polyamide-DNA complex SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID SEQUENCE-SPECIFIC RECOGNITION; DOUBLE-HELICAL DNA; COVALENT PEPTIDE DIMERS; BY-SIDE BINDING; MINOR-GROOVE; HAIRPIN POLYAMIDE; 2-DIMENSIONAL NMR; MATRIX ANALYSIS; NUCLEIC-ACIDS; DISTAMYCIN-A AB The solution structure of a cyclic polyamide ligand complexed to a DNA oligomer, derived from NMR restrained molecular mechanics, is presented. The polyamide, cyclc-gamma-ImPyPy-gamma-PyPyPy*-, binds to target DNA with a nanomolar dissociation constant as characterized by quantitative footprinting previously reported. 2D H-1 NMR data were used to generate distance restraints defining the structure of this cyclic polyamide with the DNA duplex d(5'-GCCTGTTAGCG-3'):d(5'-CGCTAACAGGC-3'). Data interpretation used complete relaxation matrix analysis of the NOESY cross-peak intensities with the program MARDIGRAS. The NMR-based distance restraints (276 total) were applied in restrained molecular dynamics calculations using a solvent model, yielding structures with an rmsd for the ligand and binding site of similar to1 A. The resulting structures indicate some distortion of the DNA in the binding site. The constraints from cyclization lead to altered stacking of the rings in the halves of the cyclic ligand relative to unlinked complexes. Despite this, the interactions with DNA are very similar to what has been found in unlinked complexes. Measurements of ligand amide and DNA imino proton exchange rates indicate very slow dissociation of the ligand and show that the DNA can undergo opening fluctuations while the ligand is bound although the presence of the ligand decreases their frequency relative to the free DNA. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ San Diego, Dept Chem, San Diego, CA 92110 USA. Scripps Res Inst, Dept Mol Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. CALTECH, Div Chem & Chem Engn, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP Wemmer, DE (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM dewemmer@lbl.gov FU NIGMS NIH HHS [F33 GM63420, GM27681, GM43129, GM45811] NR 43 TC 32 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JUN 30 PY 2004 VL 126 IS 25 BP 7958 EP 7966 DI 10.1021/ja0373622 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 831SY UT WOS:000222217600053 PM 15212545 ER PT J AU Faybishenko, B AF Faybishenko, B TI Nonlinear dynamics in flow through unsaturated fractured porous media: Status and perspectives SO REVIEWS OF GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Review DE nonlinear dynamics; chaos; unsaturated flow; fractured rock ID WETTING FRONT INSTABILITY; BASALT VADOSE ZONE; SOIL-MOISTURE; LIQUID-FILM; WATER-FLOW; FLUID-FLOW; LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS; STRANGE ATTRACTORS; SELF-ORGANIZATION; SOLUTE TRANSPORT AB [ 1] The need has long been recognized to improve predictions of flow and transport in partially saturated heterogeneous soils and fractured rock of the vadose zone for many practical applications, such as remediation of contaminated sites, nuclear waste disposal in geological formations, and climate predictions. Until recently, flow and transport processes in heterogeneous subsurface media with oscillating irregularities were assumed to be random and were not analyzed using methods of nonlinear dynamics. The goals of this paper are to review the theoretical concepts, present the results, and provide perspectives on investigations of flow and transport in unsaturated heterogeneous soils and fractured rock, using the methods of nonlinear dynamics and deterministic chaos. The results of laboratory and field investigations indicate that the nonlinear dynamics of flow and transport processes in unsaturated soils and fractured rocks arise from the dynamic feedback and competition between various nonlinear physical processes along with complex geometry of flow paths. Although direct measurements of variables characterizing the individual flow processes are not technically feasible, their cumulative effect can be characterized by analyzing time series data using the models and methods of nonlinear dynamics and chaos. Identifying flow through soil or rock as a nonlinear dynamical system is important for developing appropriate short- and long-time predictive models, evaluating prediction uncertainty, assessing the spatial distribution of flow characteristics from time series data, and improving chemical transport simulations. Inferring the nature of flow processes through the methods of nonlinear dynamics could become widely used in different areas of the earth sciences. C1 Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Faybishenko, B (reprint author), Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd,Lib Bldg 50B, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM bfayb@lbl.gov RI Faybishenko, Boris/G-3363-2015 OI Faybishenko, Boris/0000-0003-0085-8499 NR 167 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 8755-1209 J9 REV GEOPHYS JI Rev. Geophys. PD JUN 30 PY 2004 VL 42 IS 2 AR RG2003 DI 10.1029/2003RG000125 PG 30 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 839OJ UT WOS:000222794100001 ER PT J AU Carrado, KA Macha, SM Tiede, DM AF Carrado, KA Macha, SM Tiede, DM TI Effects of surface functionalization and organo-tailoring of synthetic layer silicates on the immobilization of cytochrome c SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID MESOPOROUS MOLECULAR-SIEVES; CLAY-MODIFIED ELECTRODES; SOL-GEL MATERIALS; ENZYMATIC-ACTIVITY; DIRECT ELECTROCHEMISTRY; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY; LAPONITE; ENZYMES; PROTEINS; CRYSTALLIZATION AB The utility of various synthetic hectorites for the preparation of active enzyme complexes by simple adsorption processes was examined. The smectites compared include commercially available Laponite RD, mesostructured hectorites (both with and without organic template), and silane-modified mesostructured hectorite. The complexes were evaluated by the amount of cytochrome c that was incorporated and the fraction of enzyme available for redox reaction. The quantity of adsorbed cyt c was determined by optical absorption spectroscopy of the supernatant solution, yielding enzyme densities that ranged from 20 to 50 wt %. There was no correlation between weight percent loading and either the surface area or the pore volume of the clay mineral. Rather, other characteristics such as surface compatibility appear to play the major role in this regard. Immobilized enzyme conformation was examined by EPR. Qualitative information regarding protein stability and redox activity was also obtained by chemical reduction experiments. These studies revealed the effects of organo-tailoring of the inorganic surface in terms of steric hindrance of enzyme in active conformation and denaturation within a clay pore microenvironment. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Carrado, KA (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM kcarrado@anl.gov NR 58 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0897-4756 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD JUN 29 PY 2004 VL 16 IS 13 BP 2559 EP 2566 DI 10.1021/cm049877d PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 832FJ UT WOS:000222252300009 ER PT J AU Berret, JF Vigolo, B Eng, R Herve, P Grillo, I Yang, L AF Berret, JF Vigolo, B Eng, R Herve, P Grillo, I Yang, L TI Electrostatic self-assembly of oppositely charged copolymers and surfactants: A light, neutron, and X-ray scattering study SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID POLYION COMPLEX MICELLES; HYDROPHILIC BLOCK-COPOLYMERS; ENTRAPPING ENZYME MOLECULES; ANTISENSE OLIGONUCLEOTIDE; DIBLOCK COPOLYMERS; POLYELECTROLYTE; MICELLIZATION; MIXTURES; CORE; BEHAVIOR AB We report on the formation of colloidal complexes resulting from the electrostatic self-assembly of polyelectrolyte-neutral diblock copolymers and oppositely charged surfactant. The copolymers investigated are asymmetric and characterized by a large neutral block. Using light, neutron, and X-ray scattering experiments, we have shown that the colloidal complexes exhibit a core-shell microstructure. The core is described as a dense microphase of micelles connected by the polyelectrolyte blocks, whereas the shell is a diffuse brush made from the neutral chains. For all copolymer/surfactant systems, we show the existence of a critical charge ratio Z(C) (similar to1) above which the formation of hierarchical structures takes place. Copolymers of different molecular weight and polyelectrolyte blocks have been studied in order to assess the analogy with another type of core-shell aggregates, the polymeric micelles made from amphiphilic copolymers. The present results indicate that the radius of the core depends essentially on the degree of polymerization of the polyelectrolyte block and not on that of the neutral chain. On the other hand, the size of the overall colloid increases with increasing molecular weights of the copolymers. Taking advantage of the resolution of X-ray scattering, we have also shown that the micelles in the core of the aggregates are structurally disordered. C1 Cranbury Res Ctr Rhodia Inc, CNRS, Complex Fluids Lab, Cranbury, NJ 08512 USA. Inst Laue Langevin, F-38042 Grenoble 9, France. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Berret, JF (reprint author), Cranbury Res Ctr Rhodia Inc, CNRS, Complex Fluids Lab, 259 Prospect Plains Rd, Cranbury, NJ 08512 USA. EM jeanfrancois.berret@us.rhodia.com RI Berret, Jean-Francois/C-3358-2013; Yang, Lin/D-5872-2013 OI Yang, Lin/0000-0003-1057-9194 NR 43 TC 79 Z9 80 U1 0 U2 23 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD JUN 29 PY 2004 VL 37 IS 13 BP 4922 EP 4930 DI 10.1021/ma0498722 PG 9 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 832HR UT WOS:000222258600025 ER PT J AU Mazur, PO Mottola, E AF Mazur, PO Mottola, E TI Gravitational vacuum condensate stars SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID CLASSICAL GENERAL-RELATIVITY; QUANTUM PHASE-TRANSITIONS; BLACK-HOLE PHYSICS; THIN SHELLS; SECOND LAW; THERMODYNAMICS; ENTROPY; TRANSFORMATIONS; GRAVITY AB A new final state of gravitational collapse is proposed. By extending the concept of Bose-Einstein condensation to gravitational systems, a cold, dark, compact object with an interior de Sitter condensate p(v) = -rho(v) and an exterior Schwarzschild geometry of arbitrary total mass M is constructed. These regions are separated by a shell with a small but finite proper thickness e of fluid with equation of state p = +rho, replacing both the Schwarzschild and de Sitter classical horizons. The new solution has no singularities, no event horizons, and a global time. Its entropy is maximized under small fluctuations and is given by the standard hydrodynamic entropy of the thin shell, which is of the order k(B)lMc/h, instead of the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy formula, S-BH = 4pik(B)GM(2)/hc. Hence, unlike black holes, the new solution is thermodynamically stable and has no information paradox. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ S Carolina, Dept Phys & Astron, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. RP Mottola, E (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, T-8, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM emil@lanl.gov NR 34 TC 151 Z9 151 U1 0 U2 12 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JUN 29 PY 2004 VL 101 IS 26 BP 9545 EP 9550 DI 10.1073/pnas.0402717101 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 834IU UT WOS:000222405600007 PM 15210982 ER PT J AU Huai, Q Wang, HC Zhang, W Colman, RW Robinson, H Ke, HM AF Huai, Q Wang, HC Zhang, W Colman, RW Robinson, H Ke, HM TI Crystal structure of phosphodiesterase 9 shows orientation variation of inhibitor 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine binding SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID CYCLIC-NUCLEOTIDE PHOSPHODIESTERASES; CGMP-SPECIFIC PHOSPHODIESTERASE; CAMP PHOSPHODIESTERASES; SELECTIVE-INHIBITION; PDE4; FAMILY; IDENTIFICATION; DYSFUNCTION; MECHANISM; COMPLEX AB Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are enzymes controlling cellular concentrations of the second messengers cAMP and cGMP. The crystal structure of the catalytic domain of PDE9A2, a member of a PDE family specifically hydrolyzing cGMP, has been determined at 2.23-Angstrom resolution. The PDE9A2 catalytic domain closely resembles the cAMP-specific PDE4D2 but is significantly different from the cGMP-specific PDE5A1, implying that each individual PDE family has its own characteristic substrate recognition mechanism. The different conformations of the H and M loops between PDE9A2 and PDE5A1 imply their less critical roles in nucleotide recognition. The nonselective inhibitor 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX) binds to a similar subpocket in the active sites of PDE4, PDE5, and PDE9 and has a common pattern of the binding. However, significantly different orientations and interactions of IBMXs are observed among the three PDE families and also between two monomers of the PDE9A2 dimer. The kinetic properties of the PDE9A2 catalytic domain similar to those of full-length PDE9A imply that the N-terminal regulatory domain does not significantly alter the catalytic activity and the IBMX inhibition. C1 Univ N Carolina, Dept Biochem & Biophys, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. Univ N Carolina, Lineberger Comprehens Canc Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. Temple Univ, Sch Med, Sol Sherry Thrombosis Res Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19140 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Ke, HM (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Biochem & Biophys, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM hke@med.unc.edu FU NHLBI NIH HHS [P01 HL064943, P01 HL64943]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM59791, R01 GM059791] NR 34 TC 59 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 4 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JUN 29 PY 2004 VL 101 IS 26 BP 9624 EP 9629 DI 10.1073/pnas.0401120101 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 834IU UT WOS:000222405600021 PM 15210993 ER PT J AU Norby, RJ Ledford, J Reilly, CD Miller, NE O'Neill, EG AF Norby, RJ Ledford, J Reilly, CD Miller, NE O'Neill, EG TI Fine-root production dominates response of a deciduous forest to atmospheric CO2 enrichment SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID ELEVATED CO2; FACE EXPERIMENTS; CARBON STORAGE; SWEETGUM STAND; SOIL-NITROGEN; TURNOVER; DYNAMICS; SEQUESTRATION; ECOSYSTEMS; SYSTEMS AB Fine-root production and turnover are important regulators of the biogeochemical cycles of ecosystems and key components of their response to global change. We present a nearly continuous 6-year record of fine-root production and mortality from minirhizotron analysis of a closed-canopy, deciduous sweetgum forest in a free-air CO2 enrichment experiment. Annual production of fine roots was more than doubled in plots with 550 ppm CO2 compared with plots in ambient air. This response was the primary component of the sustained 22% increase in net primary productivity. Annual fine-root mortality matched annual production, and the mean residence time of roots was not altered by elevated CO2, but peak fine-root standing crop in midsummer was significantly higher in CO2-enriched plots, especially deeper in the soil profile. The preferential allocation of additional carbon to fine roots, which have a fast turnover rate in this species, rather than to stemwood reduces the possibility of long-term enhancement by elevated CO2 of carbon sequestration in biomass. However, sequestration of some of the fine-root carbon in soil pools is not precluded, and there may be other benefits to the tree from a seasonally larger and deeper fine-root system. Root-system dynamics can explain differences among ecosystems in their response to elevated atmospheric CO2; hence, accurate assessments of carbon flux and storage in forests in a globally changing atmosphere must account for this unseen and difficult-to-measure component. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Loyola Univ, Dept Biol, Chicago, IL 60626 USA. RP Norby, RJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM rjn@ornl.gov RI Norby, Richard/C-1773-2012 OI Norby, Richard/0000-0002-0238-9828 NR 33 TC 225 Z9 238 U1 6 U2 71 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JUN 29 PY 2004 VL 101 IS 26 BP 9689 EP 9693 DI 10.1073/pnas.0403491101 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 834IU UT WOS:000222405600032 PM 15210962 ER PT J AU Qiu, W Velisavljevic, N Baker, PA Vohra, YK Weir, ST AF Qiu, W Velisavljevic, N Baker, PA Vohra, YK Weir, ST TI Isotopically pure C-13 layer as a stress sensor in a diamond anvil cell SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB Isotopically pure C-13 homoepitaxial diamond layer of 20+/-5 microns thickness was grown on top of a brilliant cut diamond anvil by a microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition process for application as a stress sensor. This isotopically pure diamond tip was then used in conjunction with a natural abundance C-12 diamond anvil to generate high pressure on a soft sample containing carbon nanotubes to 100 GPa. The C-13 diamond Raman signal remained a distinct single peak showing that the mean normal stress experienced by this thin layer is uniform to the highest pressure. The stress-induced shift of the C-13 layer is related to the quasihydrostatic pressure in the sample chamber using a ruby pressure sensor and shows a remarkably linear behavior to extreme pressures. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Alabama, Dept Phys, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Qiu, W (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Phys, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. EM ykvohra@uab.edu RI Weir, Samuel/H-5046-2012; OI Baker, Paul/0000-0002-2875-2760 NR 5 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 28 PY 2004 VL 84 IS 26 BP 5308 EP 5310 DI 10.1063/1.1766077 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 831NH UT WOS:000222200600004 ER PT J AU MacManus-Driscoll, JL Foltyn, SR Jia, QX Wang, H Serquis, A Maiorov, B Civale, L Lin, Y Hawley, ME Maley, MP Peterson, DE AF MacManus-Driscoll, JL Foltyn, SR Jia, QX Wang, H Serquis, A Maiorov, B Civale, L Lin, Y Hawley, ME Maley, MP Peterson, DE TI Systematic enhancement of in-field critical current density with rare-earth ion size variance in superconducting rare-earth barium cuprate films SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID THIN-FILMS; DEPOSITION; DISORDER AB Enhanced in-field critical current densities (J(c)'s) have been obtained in epitaxial superconducting (RE1,RE2) Ba2Cu3O7-x ( RE1=rare-earth ion 1, and RE2=rare earth ion 2) films grown on both single crystal and buffered metallic substrates. For a constant average RE ionic radius (equal to that of yttrium), there is a systematic dependence of the in-field J(c) on the RE ion size variance, with a small, but nonzero, variance being optimum. Compared to the standard YBa2Cu3O7-x composition, a factor of two improvement in J(c) (75.5 K) is reproducibly observed at 0.2 T (parallel toc) for the composition Dy1/3Ho2/3Ba2Cu3O7-x on both single crystal and buffered-metallic substrates. Angular dependent magnetic field studies and transmission electron microscopy indicate the presence of additional pointlike random defects. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Superconduct Technol Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Cambridge, Dept Mat Sci & Met, Cambridge CB2 3QZ, England. RP MacManus-Driscoll, JL (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Superconduct Technol Ctr, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM jld@hermes.cam.ac.uk RI Jia, Q. X./C-5194-2008; Wang, Haiyan/P-3550-2014; Serquis, Adriana/L-6554-2015; lin, yuan/B-9955-2013; OI Wang, Haiyan/0000-0002-7397-1209; Serquis, Adriana/0000-0003-1499-4782; Maiorov, Boris/0000-0003-1885-0436 NR 14 TC 86 Z9 87 U1 7 U2 17 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 28 PY 2004 VL 84 IS 26 BP 5329 EP 5331 DI 10.1063/1.1766394 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 831NH UT WOS:000222200600011 ER PT J AU Dong, CK Myneni, GR AF Dong, CK Myneni, GR TI Carbon nanotube electron source based ionization vacuum gauge SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FIELD-EMISSION; EMITTERS; SURFACE AB The results of fabrication and performance of an ionization vacuum gauge using a carbon nanotube electron source are presented. The electron source was constructed with multiwall nanotubes, which were grown using thermal chemical vapor deposition. The electron emission of the source was stable in vacuum pressure up to 10(-7) Torr, which is better than the metal field emitters. The measurement linearity of the gauge was better than +/-10% from 10(-6) to 10(-10) Torr. The gauge sensitivity of 4 Torr(-1) was achieved under 50 muA electron emission in nitrogen. The gauge is expected to find applications in vacuum measurements from 10(-7) Torr to below 10(-11) Torr. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Old Dominion Univ, Dept Phys, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. Jefferson Lab, Accelerator Div, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Dong, CK (reprint author), Old Dominion Univ, Dept Phys, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. EM cdong@xintek.com NR 21 TC 40 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 28 PY 2004 VL 84 IS 26 BP 5443 EP 5445 DI 10.1063/1.1767956 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 831NH UT WOS:000222200600049 ER PT J AU Wan, XF Xu, D Kleinhofs, A Zhou, JZ AF Wan, XF Xu, D Kleinhofs, A Zhou, JZ TI Quantitative relationship between synonymous codon usage bias and GC composition across unicellular genomes SO BMC EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID AMINO-ACID-COMPOSITION; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; HUMAN GENES; TRANSFER-RNAS; G+C CONTENT; BACILLUS-SUBTILIS; RESPECTIVE CODONS; VERTEBRATE GENES; BASE COMPOSITION; PROTEIN GENES AB Background: Codon usage bias has been widely reported to correlate with GC composition. However, the quantitative relationship between codon usage bias and GC composition across species has not been reported. Results: Based on an informatics method (SCUO) we developed previously using Shannon informational theory and maximum entropy theory, we investigated the quantitative relationship between codon usage bias and GC composition. The regression based on 70 bacterial and 16 archaeal genomes showed that in bacteria, SCUO = - 2.06 * GC3 + 2.05*( GC3) 2 + 0.65, r = 0.91, and that in archaea, SCUO = - 1.79 * GC3 + 1.85*( GC3) 2 + 0.56, r = 0.89. We developed an analytical model to quantify synonymous codon usage bias by GC compositions based on SCUO. The parameters within this model were inferred by inspecting the relationship between codon usage bias and GC composition across 70 bacterial and 16 archaeal genomes. We further simplified this relationship using only GC3. This simple model was supported by computational simulation. Conclusions: The synonymous codon usage bias could be simply expressed as 1+ ( p/ 2) log(2)( p/ 2) + ((1-p)/2) log(2)(( l-p)/2), where p = GC3. The software we developed for measuring SCUO (codonO) is available at http://digbio.missouri.edu/similar towanx/cu/codonO. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Missouri, Dept Comp Sci, Digital Biol Lab, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. Washington State Univ, Dept Genet & Cell Biol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Zhou, JZ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM wanx@missouri.edu; xudong@missouri.edu; andyk@wsu.edu; zhouj@ornl.gov NR 42 TC 66 Z9 72 U1 1 U2 7 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2148 J9 BMC EVOL BIOL JI BMC Evol. Biol. PD JUN 28 PY 2004 VL 4 AR 19 DI 10.1186/1471-2148-4-19 PG 11 WC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 837UE UT WOS:000222665600002 PM 15222899 ER PT J AU Kesanli, B Fettinger, J Scott, B Eichhorn, B AF Kesanli, B Fettinger, J Scott, B Eichhorn, B TI Gas phase, solution, and solid state alkali ion binding by the [NbE8](3-)(E = As, Sb) complexes: Synthesis, structure, and spectroscopy SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID LIPOPHILIC G-QUADRUPLEX; ISOGUANOSINE PENTAMERS; CESIUM; ANIONS; COORDINATION; EXTRACTION; CHEMISTRY; CATION; MO; RECOGNITION AB Toluene solutions of Nb(toluene)(2) react with ethylenediamine solutions of K3E7 (E = As, Sb) in the presence of 2,2,2-crypt to give [NbAS(8)](3-) (2) and [NbSb8](3-) (3) ions, respectively, in low yields. The Cs-133 NMR spectroscopy, ESIMS results (negative ion mode), and single-crystal X-ray structures of the ions are reported. The complexes have S-8-like E-8 rings with Nb atoms in the center. The 1:1 complex of 2 with Cs was observed in solution and also in the gas phase as the oxidized ion [CsNbAS(8)](1-). The anion 2 selectively binds to Cs+ in solution even in the presence of excess Na+. Other gas-phase ions formed include [Cs-2(NbAS(8))](1-), [KCs(NbAS(8))](1-), [KCs(NbAS(8))(2)](1-), [KNbAs8](1-), and [K2NbAs8](1-). C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Eichhorn, B (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM eichhorn@umd.edu RI Scott, Brian/D-8995-2017 OI Scott, Brian/0000-0003-0468-5396 NR 42 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD JUN 28 PY 2004 VL 43 IS 13 BP 3840 EP 3846 DI 10.1021/ic035397x PG 7 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 831AQ UT WOS:000222165700019 PM 15206864 ER PT J AU Shan, XP Ellern, A Guzei, IA Espenson, JH AF Shan, XP Ellern, A Guzei, IA Espenson, JH TI Ligand displacement and oxidation reactions of methyl(oxo)rhenium(V) complexes SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID OXYGEN-ATOM TRANSFER; MAIN-GROUP ELEMENTS; IRON-SULFUR PROTEIN; RAY-ABSORPTION-SPECTROSCOPY; PYRIDINE N-OXIDES; S HYDROGEN-BOND; SULFITE OXIDASE; TRANSITION-METALS; MULTIPLE BONDS; CONDENSATION-REACTIONS AB Compounds that contain the anion [MeReO(edt)(SPh)](-) (3(-)) were synthesized with the countercations 2-picolinium (PicH(+)3(-)) and 2,6-lutidinium (LutH(+)3(-)), where edt is 1,2-ethanedithiolate. Both PicH(+)3(-) and MeReO(edt)(tetramethylthiourea) (4) were crystallographically characterized. The rhenium atom in each of these compounds exists in a five-coordinate distorted square pyramid. In the solid state, PicH(+)3(-) contains an anion with a short (d(SH) = 232 pm) and nearly linear hydrogen-bonded (N-H...S) interaction to the cation. Ligand substitution reactions were studied in chloroform. Displacement of PhSH by PPh3 follows second-order kinetics, d[MeReO(edt)(PPh3)]/dt = KPicH(+)3(-)][PPh3], whereas with pyridines an unusual form was found, d[MeReO(edt)(Py)]/dt = KPyH(+)3(-)][Py]2, in which the conversion of PicH(+)3(-) to PyH(+)3(-) has been incorporated. Further, added Py accelerates the formation of [MeReO(edt)(PPh3)], v = k(.)[PicH(+)3(-)].[PPh3].[Py]. Compound 4, on the other hand, reacts with both PPh3 and pyridines, L, at a rate given by d[MeReO(edt)(L)]/dt = k-[4]-[L]. When PicH(+)3(-) reacts with pyridine N-oxides, a three-stage reaction was observed, consistent with ligand replacement of SPh- by PyO, N-O bond cleavage of the PyO assisted by another PyO, and eventual decomposition of MeRe(O)(edt)(OPy) to MeReO3, Each of first two steps showed a large substituent effect; Hammett analysis gave rho(1) = -5.3 and rho(2) = -4.3. C1 Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Espenson, JH (reprint author), Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM Espenson@iastate.edu NR 49 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD JUN 28 PY 2004 VL 43 IS 13 BP 3854 EP 3862 DI 10.1021/ic049772c PG 9 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 831AQ UT WOS:000222165700021 PM 15206866 ER PT J AU Manson, JL Schlueter, JA Koo, HJ Whangbo, MH AF Manson, JL Schlueter, JA Koo, HJ Whangbo, MH TI Reexamination of the magnetic properties of Cu-2(dca)(4)(2,5-me(2)pyz) {dca = dicyanamide; me(2)pyz = dimethylpyrazine}: isolated spin-1/2 dimers versus long-range magnetic ordering SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID 1-D COORDINATION POLYMERS; COMPLEXES; N(CN)(2)(-); PYRAZINE; EXCHANGE; PYRIDINE; LIGANDS; BINDING; PYZ AB The magnetic properties of Cu-2(dca)(4)(2,5-me(2)pyz) have been reexamined. The extended structure of Cu-2(dca)(4)(2,5-me(2)pyz) can be viewed in terms of Cu-2(2,5-me(2)pyz)(4+) dimer units interconnected via mu(1,5)-dca ligands. The bulk magnetic susceptibility chi(T) and the isothermal M(H) of Cu-2(dca)(4)(2,5-me(2)pyz) are shown to be well described by an isolated dimer model. This finding was confirmed by carrying out a spin dimer analysis based on tight-binding calculations, which shows that the 2,5-me(2)pyz ligand provides a substantial spin exchange interaction between the Cu2+ ions while the dca ligands do not. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Eastern Washington Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Cheney, WA 99004 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Manson, JL (reprint author), Eastern Washington Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, 226 Sci Bldg, Cheney, WA 99004 USA. EM jmanson@ewu.edu NR 25 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD JUN 28 PY 2004 VL 43 IS 13 BP 4007 EP 4011 DI 10.1021/ic0354769 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 831AQ UT WOS:000222165700037 PM 15206882 ER PT J AU Delahaye, F Nahar, SN Pradhan, AK Zhang, HL AF Delahaye, F Nahar, SN Pradhan, AK Zhang, HL TI Resolution and accuracy of resonances in R-matrix cross sections SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS B-ATOMIC MOLECULAR AND OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-ION RECOMBINATION; CLOSE-COUPLING APPROXIMATION; CHARGED IONS; ATOMIC DATA; OVI; C+ AB We investigate the effect of resonances in photoionization and recombination cross sections computed using the R-matrix method. Photoionization and recombination rates derived from high-resolution cross sections for oxygen ions are compared with earlier works with less resolution and accuracy, such as in the widely used Opacity Project data. We find significant differences in photoionization rates for O II metastable states, averaged over Planck functions corresponding to ionizing radiation fields, with respect to the intrinsic accuracy of the calculations and improved resolution. Furthermore, for highly charged ions other physical effects are also important. Recombination rate coefficients, averaged over a Maxwellian distribution, are extremely sensitive to the position and resolution of near-threshold resonances and radiation damping, in (e + O VII) <----> O VI + hv. Surprisingly, however, the effect on the monochromatic and the mean Rosseland and Planck bound-free opacities is relatively small, but may be potentially significant. C1 Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Appl Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Delahaye, F (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, 174 W 18Th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-4075 J9 J PHYS B-AT MOL OPT JI J. Phys. B-At. Mol. Opt. Phys. PD JUN 28 PY 2004 VL 37 IS 12 BP 2585 EP 2592 AR PII S0953-4075(04)75545-5 DI 10.1088/0953-4075/37/12/013 PG 8 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 840AW UT WOS:000222830400016 ER PT J AU Tomaselli, M Liu, LC Fritzsche, S Kuhl, T Ursescu, D AF Tomaselli, M Liu, LC Fritzsche, S Kuhl, T Ursescu, D TI Cluster transformation coefficients in many-body nuclear physics SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on Clustering Aspects of Nuclear Structure and Dynamics CY NOV 24-29, 2003 CL Nara, JAPAN SP RIKEN, Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Sci ID ANTISYMMETRIZED MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; ENERGY-LEVELS; LIGHT-NUCLEI; SHELL NUCLEI; ISOTOPES AB Energies, electromagnetic moments and transitions in light nuclei are calculated in the microscopic dynamic-correlation model (DCM) which is based on large correlated basis of Slater's determinants characterized by an increasing number of core excited states. Microscopic calculations are performed for the magnetic moments and transitions of Be-9 and C-13. The magnetic moments of Li-6, Li-7, and Li-9 are also calculated. Further, results obtained for matter and charge radii of Be-7 and Be-9 are reported. The overall results obtained for these light odd- and even-nuclei show that the correct treatment of the Pauli principle and the diagonalization of large dimensional spaces are not compatible with the simple picture generated by cluster models. C1 Gesell Schwerionenforsch mbH, GSI Darmstadt, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany. Los Alamos Natl Lab, T Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Kassel, Inst Phys, D-34132 Kassel, Germany. RP Tomaselli, M (reprint author), Gesell Schwerionenforsch mbH, GSI Darmstadt, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany. EM marco@gsi.de RI Ursescu, Daniel/F-2216-2010; Kuhl, Thomas/C-2243-2012 OI Ursescu, Daniel/0000-0002-0612-670X; Kuhl, Thomas/0000-0001-6306-4579 NR 20 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUN 28 PY 2004 VL 738 BP 216 EP 220 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphya.2004.04.034 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 835JS UT WOS:000222479600036 ER PT J AU Maruhn, JA Strayer, MR Reinhardt, PG Horiuchi, H AF Maruhn, JA Strayer, MR Reinhardt, PG Horiuchi, H TI Search for highly-deformed or molecular states in a static Hartree-Fock method SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on Clustering Aspects of Nuclear Structure and Dynamics CY NOV 24-29, 2003 CL Nara, JAPAN SP RIKEN, Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Sci C1 Univ Frankfurt, Inst Theoret Phys, D-6000 Frankfurt, Germany. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Joint Inst Heavy Ion Res, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Inst Theoret Phys, D-8520 Erlangen, Germany. Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto 606, Japan. RP Maruhn, JA (reprint author), Univ Frankfurt, Inst Theoret Phys, D-6000 Frankfurt, Germany. EM maruhn@th.physik.uni-frankfurt.de NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUN 28 PY 2004 VL 738 BP 245 EP 248 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.04.039 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 835JS UT WOS:000222479600042 ER PT J AU Iwamoto, A Ichikawa, T Moller, P Sierk, AJ AF Iwamoto, A Ichikawa, T Moller, P Sierk, AJ TI Cluster expression in fission and fusion in high-dimensional macroscopic-microscopic calculations SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on Clustering Aspects of Nuclear Structure and Dynamics CY NOV 24-29, 2003 CL Nara, JAPAN SP RIKEN, Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Sci AB We discuss the relation between the fission-fusion potential-energy surfaces of very heavy nuclei and the formation process of these nuclei in cold-fusion reactions. In the potential-energy surfaces, we find a pronounced valley structure, with one valley corresponding to the cold-fusion reaction, the other to fission. As the touching point is approached in the cold-fusion entrance channel, an instability towards dynamical deformation of the projectile occurs, which enhances the fusion cross section. These two "cluster effects" enhance the production of superheavy nuclei in cold-fusion reactions, in addition to the effect of the low compound-system excitation energy in these reactions. C1 Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Naka, Ibaraki 3191195, Japan. Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Adv Sci Res Ctr, Naka, Ibaraki 3191195, Japan. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Iwamoto, A (reprint author), Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Naka, Ibaraki 3191195, Japan. NR 3 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUN 28 PY 2004 VL 738 BP 499 EP 502 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.04.096 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 835JS UT WOS:000222479600096 ER PT J AU Friess, JJ Gubser, SS Mitra, I AF Friess, JJ Gubser, SS Mitra, I TI String creation in cosmologies with a varying dilaton SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article AB FRW solutions of the string theory low-energy effective actions are described, yielding a dilaton which first decreases and then increases. We study string creation in these backgrounds and find an exponential divergence due to an initial space-like singularity. We conjecture that this singularity may be removed by the effects of back-reaction, leading to a solution which at early times is de Sitter space. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Princeton Univ, Joseph Henry Labs, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley Ctr Theoret Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Theoret Phys Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Friess, JJ (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Joseph Henry Labs, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. EM imitra@socrates.berkeley.edu NR 12 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD JUN 28 PY 2004 VL 689 IS 3 BP 243 EP 256 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2004.04.014 PG 14 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 829RU UT WOS:000222068200003 ER PT J AU Turner, LD Dhal, BB Hayes, JP Mancuso, AP Nugent, KA Paterson, D Scholten, RE Tran, CQ Peele, AG AF Turner, LD Dhal, BB Hayes, JP Mancuso, AP Nugent, KA Paterson, D Scholten, RE Tran, CQ Peele, AG TI X-ray phase imaging: Demonstration of extended conditions with homogeneous objects SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID CONTRAST; MICROSCOPY; RECONSTRUCTION; INTERFEROMETER; TOMOGRAPHY; RESOLUTION; RETRIEVAL AB We discuss contrast formation in a propagating x-ray beam. We consider the validity conditions for linear relations based on the transport-of-intensity equation ( IE) and on contrast transfer functions (CTFs). From a single diffracted image, we recover the thickness of a homogeneous object which has substantial absorption and a phase-shift of -0.37 radian. (C) 2004 Optical Society of America. C1 Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. Swinburne Univ Technol, Ind Res Inst Swinburne, Hawthorn, Vic 3122, Australia. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Turner, LD (reprint author), Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. EM a.peele@latrobe.edu.au RI Nugent, Keith/J-2699-2012; Turner, Lincoln/D-5066-2014; Scholten, Robert/A-8586-2013; Tran, Chanh/M-7868-2015; Nugent, Keith/I-4154-2016 OI Nugent, Keith/0000-0003-1522-8991; Turner, Lincoln/0000-0003-0551-5583; Scholten, Robert/0000-0002-2337-8036; Nugent, Keith/0000-0002-4281-3478 NR 27 TC 63 Z9 63 U1 0 U2 6 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD JUN 28 PY 2004 VL 12 IS 13 BP 2960 EP 2965 DI 10.1364/OPEX.12.002960 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA 833FF UT WOS:000222321200020 PM 19483813 ER PT J AU Fruchart-Najib, J Bauge, E Niculescu, LS Pham, T Thomas, B Rommens, C Majd, Z Brewer, B Pennacchio, LA Fruchart, JC AF Fruchart-Najib, J Bauge, E Niculescu, LS Pham, T Thomas, B Rommens, C Majd, Z Brewer, B Pennacchio, LA Fruchart, JC TI Mechanism of triglyceride lowering in mice expressing human apolipoprotein A5 SO BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE apolipoprotein AV; apolipoprotein CIII; lipoprotein lipasc; VLDL clearance and postprandial hyperlipemia ID LIPOPROTEIN-LIPASE ACTIVITY; ACTIVATED RECEPTOR-ALPHA; LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS; CORONARY-ARTERY DISEASE; APOA5 GENE VARIANTS; RICH LIPOPROTEINS; C-III; AV GENE; PLASMA TRIGLYCERIDES; TRANSGENIC MICE AB Overexpression of human APOA5 in mice results in dramatically decreased plasma triglyceride levels. In this study we explored the mechanism underlying this hypotriglyceridemic effect. Initially we found that triglyceride turnover was faster in hAPOA5 transgenic mice compared to controls, and this strongly correlated with increased LPL activity in postheparin plasma. Furthermore, we show that in vitro recombinant apoAV interacts physically with lipoprotein lipase and significantly increased its activity. We show that both apoB and apoCIII are decreased in hAPOA5 transgenic mice indicating a decrease in VLDL number. To further investigate the mechanism of hAPOA5 in a hyperlipidemic background, we inter-crossed hAPOA5 and hAPOC-3 transgenic mice. We found a marked decrease in VLDL triglyceride and cholesterol, as well as apolipoprotein B and CIII levels. These data indicated that apoAV induces a decrease in VLDL size by activating lipolysis and an increase of VLDL clearance. In a postprandial state, the normal triglyceride response found in wild-type mice was significantly reduced in hAPOA5 transgenics. In addition, we demonstrated that in response to this fat load in hAPOA5 x hAPOC3 mice, apoAV, but not apoCIII, was redistributed from primarily HDL to VLDL. This shift of apoAV in VLDL appears to limit the increase of triglyceride by activating the lipoprotein lipase. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Inst Pasteur, INSERM, UR 545, Dept Atherosclerose, F-59019 Lille, France. Univ Lille 2, F-59019 Lille, France. Genfit SA, F-59120 Loos, France. NHLBI, Mol Dis Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Genome Sci Dept, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Joint Genome Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Inst Cellular Biol N Simionescu, Bucharest, Romania. RP Fruchart-Najib, J (reprint author), Inst Pasteur, INSERM, UR 545, Dept Atherosclerose, Rue Pr Calmette BP 245, F-59019 Lille, France. EM jamila.fruchart@pasteur-lille.fr RI Niculescu, Loredan Stefan/F-2591-2010 OI Niculescu, Loredan Stefan/0000-0002-1394-9085 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL071954A, HL66681] NR 36 TC 150 Z9 161 U1 0 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0006-291X J9 BIOCHEM BIOPH RES CO JI Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. PD JUN 25 PY 2004 VL 319 IS 2 BP 397 EP 404 DI 10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.05.003 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 829PS UT WOS:000222062700016 PM 15178420 ER PT J AU Krauss, SW Lee, G Chasis, JA Mohandas, N Heald, R AF Krauss, SW Lee, G Chasis, JA Mohandas, N Heald, R TI Two protein 4.1 domains essential for mitotic spindle and aster microtubule dynamics and organization in vitro SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID FUNCTIONAL-CHARACTERIZATION; CYTOPLASMIC DYNEIN; BINDING DOMAIN; NUCLEAR ACTIN; 4.1 FAMILY; NUMA; CENTROSOMES; CELLS; DYNACTIN; ISOFORMS AB Multifunctional structural proteins belonging to the 4.1 family are components of nuclei, spindles, and centrosomes in vertebrate cells. Here we report that 4.1 is critical for spindle assembly and the formation of centrosome-nucleated and motor-dependent self-organized microtubule asters in metaphase-arrested Xenopus egg extracts. Immunodepletion of 4.1 disrupted microtubule arrays and mislocalized the spindle pole protein NuMA. Remarkably, assembly was completely rescued by supplementation with a recombinant 4.1R isoform. We identified two 4.1 domains critical for its function in microtubule polymerization and organization utilizing dominant negative peptides. The 4.1 spectrin-actin binding domain or NuMA binding C-terminal domain peptides caused morphologically disorganized structures. Control peptides with low homology or variant spectrin-actin binding domain peptides that were incapable of binding actin had no deleterious effects. Unexpectedly, the addition of C-terminal domain peptides with reduced NuMA binding caused severe microtubule destabilization in extracts, dramatically inhibiting aster and spindle assembly and also depolymerizing preformed structures. However, the mutant C-terminal peptides did not directly inhibit or destabilize microtubule polymerization from pure tubulin in a microtubule pelleting assay. Our data showing that 4.1 is a crucial factor for assembly and maintenance of mitotic spindles and self-organized and centrosome-nucleated microtubule asters indicates that 4.1 is involved in regulating both microtubule dynamics and organization. These investigations underscore an important functional context for protein 4.1 in microtubule morphogenesis and highlight a previously unappreciated role for 4.1 in cell division. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. New York Blood Ctr, New York, NY 10021 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Cell & Mol Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Krauss, SW (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 74-157, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM sakrauss@lbl.gov OI Heald, Rebecca/0000-0001-6671-6528 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK32094, DK59079]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM057839] NR 50 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD JUN 25 PY 2004 VL 279 IS 26 BP 27591 EP 27598 DI 10.1074/jbc.M402813200 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 830KH UT WOS:000222120400093 PM 15102852 ER PT J AU Hawley, N Lesht, BM Schwab, DJ AF Hawley, N Lesht, BM Schwab, DJ TI A comparison of observed and modeled surface waves in southern Lake Michigan and the implications for models of sediment resuspension SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article DE Lake Michigan; wave model; sediment resuspension by waves ID UNSTRATIFIED PERIOD; PREDICTION MODEL; TRANSPORT; ERIE AB Subsurface pressure sensors were used to make measurements of surface waves during 18 deployments in southern Lake Michigan between 1998 and 2000. Most of the observations were made during the unstratified period (November-May) in water depths between 10 and 55 m. The observations ( as well as those obtained from the National Data Buoy Center (NDBC) buoy 45007, which is located in the middle of the southern basin of the lake) were compared to the results obtained from the Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory (GLERL)-Donelan wave model implemented on a 2-km grid. The results show that the wave model does a good job of calculating the wave heights, but consistently underestimates the wave periods. In over 80% of the cases the bottom stresses calculated from both the observations and the wave model results agree as to whether or not resuspension occurs, but over 70% of this agreement is for cases when resuspension does not occur; both stresses predict resuspension about 6% of the time. Since the bottom stresses calculated from the model results are usually lower than those calculated from the observations, resuspension estimates based on the wave model parameters are also lower than those calculated from the observed waves. C1 NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Hawley, N (reprint author), NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, 2205 Commonwealth Blvd, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. EM nathan.hawley@noaa.gov; bmlesht@anl.gov; david.schwab@noaa.gov RI Schwab, David/B-7498-2012 NR 21 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9275 EI 2169-9291 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD JUN 25 PY 2004 VL 109 IS C10 AR C10S03 DI 10.1029/2002JC001592 PG 11 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 839IN UT WOS:000222777400001 ER PT J AU Austin, DE Beauchamp, JL Manning, HLK Bailey, CL AF Austin, DE Beauchamp, JL Manning, HLK Bailey, CL TI A compact time-of-flight mass spectrometer for high-flux cosmic dust analysis SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS LA English DT Article DE cometary dust; mass spectrometer; impact ionization; comet flyby; hypervelocity impact; interplanetary dust ID IMPACT-IONIZATION; ACCELERATOR; PARTICLES AB Time-of-flight mass spectrometers on spacecraft are the most direct method for determining chemical composition of cosmic dust grains. Miniaturization of these instruments presents many challenges. Larger space-charge effects, greater deviations from the paraxial approximation, and various ion-optical aberrations negatively affect mass resolution in small time-of-flight instruments. We report on the building and testing of an instrument design that may reduce these effects. In addition to a linear reflectron, ions pass through a ring aperture that transmits only those ions with transverse velocity components that fall within a specific range. This novel design focuses ions onto a detector with greatly reduced spherical aberration. Space-charge effects and the effects of impact plate cratering and grid scatter are also reduced using this design. Controlled impacts of iron microparticles at several km/s demonstrate instrument performance. This instrument is suited for characterization of cosmic dust in regions of very high dust flux, such as a comet flyby, and it may also have practical laboratory or field applications. C1 CALTECH, Div Chem & Chem Engn, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Concordia Coll, Dept Phys, Moorhead, MN 56562 USA. RP Austin, DE (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, MS 0886,POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM deaust@sandia.gov NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-PLANET JI J. Geophys. Res.-Planets PD JUN 25 PY 2004 VL 109 IS E7 AR E07S07 DI 10.1029/2003JE002184 PG 5 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 839IR UT WOS:000222777800001 ER PT J AU Aubert, B Barate, R Boutigny, D Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Robbe, P Tisserand, V Zghiche, A Palano, A Pompili, A Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Ofte, I Stugu, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Charles, E Day, CT Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kukartsev, G LeClerc, C Levi, ME Lynch, G Mir, LM Oddone, PJ Orimoto, TJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Romosan, A Ronan, MT Shelkov, VG Telnov, AV Wenzel, WA Ford, K Harrison, TJ Hawkes, CM Knowles, DJ Morgan, SE Penny, RC Watson, AT Watson, NK Goetzen, K Held, T Koch, H Lewandowski, B Pelizaeus, M Peters, K Schmuecker, H Steinke, M Boyd, JT Chevalier, N Cottingham, WN Kelly, MP Latham, TE Mackay, C Wilson, FF Abe, K Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T Hearty, C Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Kyberd, P McKemey, AK Teodorescu, L Blinov, VE Bukin, AD Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Solodov, EP Yushkov, AN Best, D Bruinsma, M Chao, M Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M Mommsen, RK Roethel, W Stoker, DP Buchanan, C Hartfiel, BL Gary, JW Layter, J Shen, BC Wang, K del Re, D Hadavand, HK Hill, EJ MacFarlane, DB Paar, HP Rahatlou, S Sharma, V Berryhill, JW Campagnari, C Dahmes, B Kuznetsova, N Levy, SL Long, O Lu, A Mazur, MA Richman, JD Verkerke, W Beck, TW Beringer, J Eisner, AM Heusch, CA Lockman, WS Schalk, T Schmitz, RE Schumm, BA Seiden, A Turri, M Walkowiak, W Williams, DC Wilson, MG Albert, J Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Erwin, RJ Hitlin, DG Narsky, I Piatenko, T Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Yang, S Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Abe, T Blanc, F Bloom, P Chen, S Clark, PJ Ford, WT Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Rankin, P Roy, J Smith, JG van Hoek, WC Zhang, L Harton, JL Hu, T Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Zhang, J Altenburg, D Brandt, T Brose, J Colberg, T Dickopp, M Dubitzky, RS Hauke, A Lacker, HM Maly, E Muller-Pfefferkorn, R Nogowski, R Otto, S Schubert, J Schubert, KR Schwierz, R Spaan, B Wilden, L Bernard, D Bonneaud, GR Brochard, F Cohen-Tanugi, J Grenier, P Thiebaux, C Vasileiadis, G Verderi, M Khan, A Lavin, D Muheim, F Playfer, S Swain, JE Andreotti, M Azzolini, V Bettoni, D Bozzi, C Calabrese, R Cibinetto, G Luppi, E Negrini, M Piemontese, L Sarti, A Treadwell, E Anulli, F Baldini-Ferroli, R Biasini, M Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Falciai, D Finocchiaro, G Patteri, P Peruzzi, IM Piccolo, M Pioppi, M Zallo, A Buzzo, A Capra, R Contri, R Crosetti, G Lo Vetere, M Macri, M Monge, MR Passaggio, S Patrignani, C Robutti, E Santroni, A Tosi, S Bailey, S Morii, M Won, E Bhimji, W Bowerman, DA Dauncey, PD Egede, U Eschrich, I Gaillard, JR Morton, GW Nash, JA Sanders, P Taylor, GP Grenier, GJ Lee, SJ Mallik, U Cochran, J Crawley, HB Lamsa, J Meyer, WT Prell, S Rosenberg, EI Yi, J Davier, M Grosdidier, G Hocker, A Laplace, S Le Diberder, F Lepeltier, V Lutz, AM Petersen, TC Plaszczynski, S Schune, MH Tantot, L Wormser, G Brigljevic, V Cheng, CH Lange, DJ Simani, MC Wright, DM Bevan, AJ Coleman, JP Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R Kay, M Parry, RJ Payne, DJ Sloane, RJ Touramanis, C Back, JJ Harrison, PF Shorthouse, HW Vidal, PB Brown, CL Cowan, G Flack, RL Flaecher, HU George, S Green, MG Kurup, A Marker, CE McMahon, TR Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Vaitsas, G Winter, MA Brown, D Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, NR Barlow, RJ Hart, PA Hodgkinson, MC Jackson, F Lafferty, GD Lyon, AJ Weatherall, JH Williams, JC Farbin, A Jawahery, A Kovalskyi, D Lae, CK Lillard, V Roberts, DA Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Flood, KT Hertzbach, SS Kofler, R Koptchev, VB Moore, TB Saremi, S Staengle, H Willocq, S Cowan, R Sciolla, G Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Mangeol, DJJ Patel, PM Robertson, SH Lazzaro, A Palombo, F Bauer, JM Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Godang, R Kroeger, R Reidy, J Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Zhao, HW Brunet, S Cote-Ahern, D Taras, P Nicholson, H Cartaro, C Cavallo, N De Nardo, G Fabozzi, F Gatto, C Lista, L Paolucci, P Piccolo, D Sciacca, C Baak, MA Raven, G LoSecco, JM Gabriel, TA Brau, B Gan, KK Honscheid, K Hufnagel, D Kagan, H Kass, R Pulliam, T Wong, QK Brau, J Frey, R Potter, CT Sinev, NB Strom, D Torrence, E Colecchia, F Dorigo, A Galeazzi, F Margoni, M Morandin, M Posocco, M Rotondo, M Simonetto, F Stroili, R Tiozzo, G Voci, C Benayoun, M Briand, H Chauveau, J David, P de la Vaissiere, C Del Buono, L Hamon, O John, MJJ Leruste, P Ocariz, J Pivk, M Roos, L Stark, J T'Jampens, S Therin, G Manfredi, PF Re, V Behera, PK Gladney, L Guo, QH Panetta, J Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bondioli, M Bucci, F Calderini, G Carpinelli, M Del Gamba, V Forti, F Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Marchiori, G Martinez-Vidal, F Morganti, M Neri, N Paoloni, E Rama, M Rizzo, G Sandrelli, F Walsh, J Haire, M Judd, D Paick, K Wagoner, DE Danielson, N Elmer, P Lu, C Miftakov, V Olsen, J Smith, AJS Tanaka, HA Varnes, EW Bellini, F Cavoto, G Faccini, R Ferrarotto, F Ferroni, F Gaspero, M Mazzoni, MA Morganti, S Pierini, M Piredda, G Tehrani, FS Voena, C Christ, S Wagner, G Waldi, R Adye, T De Groot, N Franek, B Geddes, NI Gopal, GP Olaiya, EO Xella, SM Aleksan, R Emery, S Gaidot, A Ganzhur, SF Giraud, PF de Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Langer, M Legendre, M London, GW Mayer, B Schott, G Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Purohit, MV Weidemann, AW Yumiceva, FX Aston, D Bartoldus, R Berger, N Boyarski, AM Buchmueller, OL Convery, MR Coupal, DP Dong, D Dorfan, J Dujmic, D Dunwoodie, W Field, RC Glanzman, T Gowdy, SJ Grauges-Pous, E Hadig, T Halyo, V Hryn'ova, T Innes, WR Jessop, CP Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Langenegger, U Leith, DWGS Libby, J Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Marsiske, H Messner, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Ozcan, VE Perazzo, A Perl, M Petrak, S Ratcliff, BN Roodman, A Salnikov, AA Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Simi, G Snyder, A Soha, A Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weaver, M Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Wright, DH Young, CC Burchat, PR Edwards, AJ Meyer, TI Petersen, BA Roat, C Ahmed, M Ahmed, S Alam, MS Ernst, JA Saeed, MA Saleem, M Wappler, FR Bugg, W Krishnamurthy, M Spanier, SM Eckmann, R Kim, H Ritchie, JL Schwitters, RF Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Ye, S Bianchi, F Bona, M Gallo, F Gamba, D Borean, C Bosisio, L Della Ricca, G Dittongo, S Grancagnolo, S Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vitale, L Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Banerjee, S Brown, CM Fortin, D Jackson, PD Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Band, HR Dasu, S Datta, M Eichenbaum, AM Johnson, JR Kutter, PE Li, H Liu, R Di Lodovico, F Mihalyi, A Mohapatra, AK Pan, Y Prepost, R Sekula, SJ von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, J Wu, SL Yu, Z Neal, H AF Aubert, B Barate, R Boutigny, D Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Robbe, P Tisserand, V Zghiche, A Palano, A Pompili, A Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Ofte, I Stugu, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Charles, E Day, CT Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kukartsev, G LeClerc, C Levi, ME Lynch, G Mir, LM Oddone, PJ Orimoto, TJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Romosan, A Ronan, MT Shelkov, VG Telnov, AV Wenzel, WA Ford, K Harrison, TJ Hawkes, CM Knowles, DJ Morgan, SE Penny, RC Watson, AT Watson, NK Goetzen, K Held, T Koch, H Lewandowski, B Pelizaeus, M Peters, K Schmuecker, H Steinke, M Boyd, JT Chevalier, N Cottingham, WN Kelly, MP Latham, TE Mackay, C Wilson, FF Abe, K Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T Hearty, C Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Kyberd, P McKemey, AK Teodorescu, L Blinov, VE Bukin, AD Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Solodov, EP Yushkov, AN Best, D Bruinsma, M Chao, M Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M Mommsen, RK Roethel, W Stoker, DP Buchanan, C Hartfiel, BL Gary, JW Layter, J Shen, BC Wang, K del Re, D Hadavand, HK Hill, EJ MacFarlane, DB Paar, HP Rahatlou, S Sharma, V Berryhill, JW Campagnari, C Dahmes, B Kuznetsova, N Levy, SL Long, O Lu, A Mazur, MA Richman, JD Verkerke, W Beck, TW Beringer, J Eisner, AM Heusch, CA Lockman, WS Schalk, T Schmitz, RE Schumm, BA Seiden, A Turri, M Walkowiak, W Williams, DC Wilson, MG Albert, J Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Erwin, RJ Hitlin, DG Narsky, I Piatenko, T Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Yang, S Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Abe, T Blanc, F Bloom, P Chen, S Clark, PJ Ford, WT Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Rankin, P Roy, J Smith, JG van Hoek, WC Zhang, L Harton, JL Hu, T Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Zhang, J Altenburg, D Brandt, T Brose, J Colberg, T Dickopp, M Dubitzky, RS Hauke, A Lacker, HM Maly, E Muller-Pfefferkorn, R Nogowski, R Otto, S Schubert, J Schubert, KR Schwierz, R Spaan, B Wilden, L Bernard, D Bonneaud, GR Brochard, F Cohen-Tanugi, J Grenier, P Thiebaux, C Vasileiadis, G Verderi, M Khan, A Lavin, D Muheim, F Playfer, S Swain, JE Andreotti, M Azzolini, V Bettoni, D Bozzi, C Calabrese, R Cibinetto, G Luppi, E Negrini, M Piemontese, L Sarti, A Treadwell, E Anulli, F Baldini-Ferroli, R Biasini, M Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Falciai, D Finocchiaro, G Patteri, P Peruzzi, IM Piccolo, M Pioppi, M Zallo, A Buzzo, A Capra, R Contri, R Crosetti, G Lo Vetere, M Macri, M Monge, MR Passaggio, S Patrignani, C Robutti, E Santroni, A Tosi, S Bailey, S Morii, M Won, E Bhimji, W Bowerman, DA Dauncey, PD Egede, U Eschrich, I Gaillard, JR Morton, GW Nash, JA Sanders, P Taylor, GP Grenier, GJ Lee, SJ Mallik, U Cochran, J Crawley, HB Lamsa, J Meyer, WT Prell, S Rosenberg, EI Yi, J Davier, M Grosdidier, G Hocker, A Laplace, S Le Diberder, F Lepeltier, V Lutz, AM Petersen, TC Plaszczynski, S Schune, MH Tantot, L Wormser, G Brigljevic, V Cheng, CH Lange, DJ Simani, MC Wright, DM Bevan, AJ Coleman, JP Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R Kay, M Parry, RJ Payne, DJ Sloane, RJ Touramanis, C Back, JJ Harrison, PF Shorthouse, HW Vidal, PB Brown, CL Cowan, G Flack, RL Flaecher, HU George, S Green, MG Kurup, A Marker, CE McMahon, TR Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Vaitsas, G Winter, MA Brown, D Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, NR Barlow, RJ Hart, PA Hodgkinson, MC Jackson, F Lafferty, GD Lyon, AJ Weatherall, JH Williams, JC Farbin, A Jawahery, A Kovalskyi, D Lae, CK Lillard, V Roberts, DA Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Flood, KT Hertzbach, SS Kofler, R Koptchev, VB Moore, TB Saremi, S Staengle, H Willocq, S Cowan, R Sciolla, G Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Mangeol, DJJ Patel, PM Robertson, SH Lazzaro, A Palombo, F Bauer, JM Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Godang, R Kroeger, R Reidy, J Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Zhao, HW Brunet, S Cote-Ahern, D Taras, P Nicholson, H Cartaro, C Cavallo, N De Nardo, G Fabozzi, F Gatto, C Lista, L Paolucci, P Piccolo, D Sciacca, C Baak, MA Raven, G LoSecco, JM Gabriel, TA Brau, B Gan, KK Honscheid, K Hufnagel, D Kagan, H Kass, R Pulliam, T Wong, QK Brau, J Frey, R Potter, CT Sinev, NB Strom, D Torrence, E Colecchia, F Dorigo, A Galeazzi, F Margoni, M Morandin, M Posocco, M Rotondo, M Simonetto, F Stroili, R Tiozzo, G Voci, C Benayoun, M Briand, H Chauveau, J David, P de la Vaissiere, C Del Buono, L Hamon, O John, MJJ Leruste, P Ocariz, J Pivk, M Roos, L Stark, J T'Jampens, S Therin, G Manfredi, PF Re, V Behera, PK Gladney, L Guo, QH Panetta, J Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bondioli, M Bucci, F Calderini, G Carpinelli, M Del Gamba, V Forti, F Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Marchiori, G Martinez-Vidal, F Morganti, M Neri, N Paoloni, E Rama, M Rizzo, G Sandrelli, F Walsh, J Haire, M Judd, D Paick, K Wagoner, DE Danielson, N Elmer, P Lu, C Miftakov, V Olsen, J Smith, AJS Tanaka, HA Varnes, EW Bellini, F Cavoto, G Faccini, R Ferrarotto, F Ferroni, F Gaspero, M Mazzoni, MA Morganti, S Pierini, M Piredda, G Tehrani, FS Voena, C Christ, S Wagner, G Waldi, R Adye, T De Groot, N Franek, B Geddes, NI Gopal, GP Olaiya, EO Xella, SM Aleksan, R Emery, S Gaidot, A Ganzhur, SF Giraud, PF de Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Langer, M Legendre, M London, GW Mayer, B Schott, G Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Purohit, MV Weidemann, AW Yumiceva, FX Aston, D Bartoldus, R Berger, N Boyarski, AM Buchmueller, OL Convery, MR Coupal, DP Dong, D Dorfan, J Dujmic, D Dunwoodie, W Field, RC Glanzman, T Gowdy, SJ Grauges-Pous, E Hadig, T Halyo, V Hryn'ova, T Innes, WR Jessop, CP Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Langenegger, U Leith, DWGS Libby, J Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Marsiske, H Messner, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Ozcan, VE Perazzo, A Perl, M Petrak, S Ratcliff, BN Roodman, A Salnikov, AA Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Simi, G Snyder, A Soha, A Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weaver, M Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Wright, DH Young, CC Burchat, PR Edwards, AJ Meyer, TI Petersen, BA Roat, C Ahmed, M Ahmed, S Alam, MS Ernst, JA Saeed, MA Saleem, M Wappler, FR Bugg, W Krishnamurthy, M Spanier, SM Eckmann, R Kim, H Ritchie, JL Schwitters, RF Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Ye, S Bianchi, F Bona, M Gallo, F Gamba, D Borean, C Bosisio, L Della Ricca, G Dittongo, S Grancagnolo, S Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vitale, L Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Banerjee, S Brown, CM Fortin, D Jackson, PD Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Band, HR Dasu, S Datta, M Eichenbaum, AM Johnson, JR Kutter, PE Li, H Liu, R Di Lodovico, F Mihalyi, A Mohapatra, AK Pan, Y Prepost, R Sekula, SJ von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, J Wu, SL Yu, Z Neal, H CA BABAR Collaboration TI Measurement of time-dependent CP asymmetries in B-0 -> D-(*)+/-pi(-/+) decays and constraints on sin(2 beta+gamma) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID VIOLATION AB We present a measurement of CP-violating asymmetries in fully reconstructed B-0-->D((*)+/-)pi(-/+) decays in approximately 88x10(6) Y(4S)-->B (B) over bar decays collected with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II asymmetric-energy B factory at SLAC. From a time-dependent maximum-likelihood fit we obtain the following for the CP-violating parameters: a=-0.022+/-0.038 (stat)+/-0.020 (syst), a(*)=-0.068+/-0.038 (stat)+/-0.020 (syst), c(lep)=+0.025+/-0.068 (stat)+/-0.033 (syst), and c(lep)(*)=+0.031+/-0.070 (stat)+/-0.033 (syst). Using other measurements and theoretical assumptions we interpret the results in terms of the angles of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa unitarity triangle, and find parallel tosin(2beta+gamma)parallel to>0.69 at 68% confidence level. We exclude the hypothesis of no CP violation [sin(2beta+gamma)=0] at 83% confidence level. C1 Lab Annecy Le Vieux Phys Particules, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. Univ Bari, Dipartimento Fis, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Univ Bergen, Inst Phys, N-5007 Bergen, Norway. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. 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RI Peters, Klaus/C-2728-2008; de Groot, Nicolo/A-2675-2009; Lista, Luca/C-5719-2008; Bellini, Fabio/D-1055-2009; crosetti, nanni/H-3040-2011; Neri, Nicola/G-3991-2012; Sarti, Alessio/I-2833-2012; Cavallo, Nicola/F-8913-2012; Saeed, Mohammad Alam/J-7455-2012; Forti, Francesco/H-3035-2011; Rotondo, Marcello/I-6043-2012; Patrignani, Claudia/C-5223-2009; de Sangro, Riccardo/J-2901-2012; Negrini, Matteo/C-8906-2014; Monge, Maria Roberta/G-9127-2012; Luppi, Eleonora/A-4902-2015; Kravchenko, Evgeniy/F-5457-2015; Calabrese, Roberto/G-4405-2015; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/G-7212-2015; Martinez Vidal, F*/L-7563-2014; Kolomensky, Yury/I-3510-2015; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/J-5049-2012; Grancagnolo, Sergio/J-3957-2015; Lusiani, Alberto/N-2976-2015; Morandin, Mauro/A-3308-2016; Lusiani, Alberto/A-3329-2016; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Di Lodovico, Francesca/L-9109-2016; Calcaterra, Alessandro/P-5260-2015; Frey, Raymond/E-2830-2016 OI Peters, Klaus/0000-0001-7133-0662; Bellini, Fabio/0000-0002-2936-660X; Neri, Nicola/0000-0002-6106-3756; Sarti, Alessio/0000-0001-5419-7951; Saeed, Mohammad Alam/0000-0002-3529-9255; Forti, Francesco/0000-0001-6535-7965; Rotondo, Marcello/0000-0001-5704-6163; Patrignani, Claudia/0000-0002-5882-1747; de Sangro, Riccardo/0000-0002-3808-5455; Negrini, Matteo/0000-0003-0101-6963; Monge, Maria Roberta/0000-0003-1633-3195; Luppi, Eleonora/0000-0002-1072-5633; Calabrese, Roberto/0000-0002-1354-5400; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/0000-0002-4276-715X; Martinez Vidal, F*/0000-0001-6841-6035; Kolomensky, Yury/0000-0001-8496-9975; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/0000-0002-6520-4480; Grancagnolo, Sergio/0000-0001-8490-8304; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Morandin, Mauro/0000-0003-4708-4240; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Di Lodovico, Francesca/0000-0003-3952-2175; Calcaterra, Alessandro/0000-0003-2670-4826; Frey, Raymond/0000-0003-0341-2636 NR 18 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 25 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 25 AR 251801 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.251801 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 832KJ UT WOS:000222266100011 ER PT J AU Aubert, B Barate, R Boutigny, D Couderc, F Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Robbe, P Tisserand, V Zghiche, A Palano, A Pompili, A Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Ofte, I Stugu, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Charles, E Day, CT Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kukartsev, G LeClerc, C Levi, ME Lynch, G Mir, LM Oddone, PJ Orimoto, TJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Romosan, A Ronan, MT Shelkov, VG Telnov, AV Wenzel, WA Ford, K Harrison, TJ Hawkes, CM Knowles, DJ Morgan, SE Penny, RC Watson, AT Watson, NK Goetzen, K Held, T Koch, H Lewandowski, B Pelizaeus, M Peters, K Schmuecker, H Steinke, M Boyd, JT Chevalier, N Cottingham, WN Kelly, MP Latham, TE Mackay, C Wilson, FF Abe, K Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T Hearty, C Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Kyberd, P McKemey, AK Teodorescu, L Blinov, VE Bukin, AD Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Solodov, EP Yushkov, AN Best, D Bruinsma, M Chao, M Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M Mommsen, RK Roethel, W Stoker, DP Buchanan, C Hartfiel, BL Gary, JW Layter, J Shen, BC Wang, K del Re, D Hadavand, HK Hill, EJ MacFarlane, DB Paar, HP Rahatlou, S Sharma, V Berryhill, JW Campagnari, C Dahmes, B Levy, SL Long, O Lu, A Mazur, MA Richman, JD Verkerke, W Beck, TW Beringer, J Eisner, AM Heusch, CA Lockman, WS Schalk, T Schmitz, RE Schumm, BA Seiden, A Spradlin, P Turri, M Walkowiak, W Williams, DC Wilson, MG Albert, J Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Erwin, RJ Hitlin, DG Narsky, I Piatenko, T Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Yang, S Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Abe, T Blanc, F Bloom, P Chen, S Clark, PJ Ford, WT Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Rankin, P Roy, J Smith, JG van Hoek, WC Zhang, L 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J Simi, G Snyder, A Soha, A Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weaver, M Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Wright, DH Young, CC Burchat, PR Edwards, AJ Meyer, TI Petersen, BA Roat, C Ahmed, M Ahmed, S Alam, MS Ernst, JA Saeed, MA Saleem, M Wappler, FR Bugg, W Krishnamurthy, M Spanier, SM Eckmann, R Kim, H Ritchie, JL Schwitters, RF Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Ye, S Bianchi, F Bona, M Gallo, F Gamba, D Borean, C Bosisio, L Della Ricca, G Dittongo, S Grancagnolo, S Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vitale, L Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Banerjee, S Brown, CM Fortin, D Jackson, PD Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Band, HR Dasu, S Datta, M Eichenbaum, AM Johnson, JR Kutter, PE Li, H Liu, R Di Lodovico, F Mihalyi, A Mohapatra, AK Pan, Y Prepost, R Sekula, SJ von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, J Wu, SL Yu, Z Neal, H AF Aubert, B Barate, R Boutigny, D Couderc, F Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Robbe, P Tisserand, V Zghiche, A Palano, A Pompili, A Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Ofte, I Stugu, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Charles, E Day, CT Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kukartsev, G LeClerc, C Levi, ME Lynch, G Mir, LM Oddone, PJ Orimoto, TJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Romosan, A Ronan, MT Shelkov, VG Telnov, AV Wenzel, WA Ford, K Harrison, TJ Hawkes, CM Knowles, DJ Morgan, SE Penny, RC Watson, AT Watson, NK Goetzen, K Held, T Koch, H Lewandowski, B Pelizaeus, M Peters, K Schmuecker, H Steinke, M Boyd, JT Chevalier, N Cottingham, WN Kelly, MP Latham, TE Mackay, C Wilson, FF Abe, K Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T Hearty, C Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Kyberd, P McKemey, AK Teodorescu, L Blinov, VE Bukin, AD Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Solodov, EP Yushkov, AN Best, D Bruinsma, M Chao, M Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M Mommsen, RK Roethel, W Stoker, DP Buchanan, C Hartfiel, BL Gary, JW Layter, J Shen, BC Wang, K 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Flack, RL Flaecher, HU George, S Green, MG Kurup, A Marker, CE McMahon, TR Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Vaitsas, G Winter, MA Brown, D Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, NR Barlow, RJ Hart, PA Hodgkinson, MC Jackson, F Lafferty, GD Lyon, AJ Weatherall, JH Williams, JC Farbin, A Jawahery, A Kovalskyi, D Lae, CK Lillard, V Roberts, DA Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Flood, KT Hertzbach, SS Kofler, R Koptchev, VB Moore, TB Saremi, S Staengle, H Willocq, S Cowan, R Sciolla, G Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Mangeol, DJJ Patel, PM Robertson, SH Lazzaro, A Palombo, F Bauer, JM Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Godang, R Kroeger, R Reidy, J Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Zhao, HW Brunet, S Cote-Ahern, D Taras, P Nicholson, H Cartaro, C Cavallo, N De Nardo, G Fabozzi, F Gatto, C Lista, L Paolucci, P Piccolo, D Sciacca, C Baak, MA Raven, G LoSecco, JM Gabriel, TA Brau, B Gan, KK Honscheid, K Hufnagel, D Kagan, H Kass, R Pulliam, T Wong, QK Brau, J Frey, R Igonkina, O Potter, CT Sinev, NB Strom, D Torrence, E Colecchia, F Dorigo, A Galeazzi, F Margoni, M Morandin, M Posocco, M Rotondo, M Simonetto, F Stroili, R Tiozzo, G Voci, C Benayoun, M Briand, H Chauveau, J David, P de la Vaissiere, C Del Buono, L Hamon, O John, MJJ Leruste, P Ocariz, J Pivk, M Roos, L Stark, J T'Jampens, S Therin, G Manfredi, PF Re, V Behera, PK Gladney, L Guo, QH Panetta, J Anulli, F Biasini, M Peruzzi, IM Pioppi, M Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bondioli, M Bucci, F Calderini, G Carpinelli, M Del Gamba, V Forti, F Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Marchiori, G Martinez-Vidal, F Morganti, M Neri, N Paoloni, E Rama, M Rizzo, G Sandrelli, F Walsh, J Haire, M Judd, D Paick, K Wagoner, DE Danielson, N Elmer, P Lu, C Miftakov, V Olsen, J Smith, AJS Tanaka, HA Varnes, EW Bellini, F Cavoto, G Faccini, R Ferrarotto, F Ferroni, F Gaspero, M Mazzoni, MA Morganti, S Pierini, M Piredda, G Tehrani, FS Voena, C Christ, S Wagner, G Waldi, R Adye, T De Groot, N Franek, B Geddes, NI Gopal, GP Olaiya, EO Xella, SM Aleksan, R Emery, S Gaidot, A Ganzhur, SF Giraud, PF de Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Langer, M Legendre, M London, GW Mayer, B Schott, G Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Purohit, MV Weidemann, AW Yumiceva, FX Aston, D Bartoldus, R Berger, N Boyarski, AM Buchmueller, OL Convery, MR Cristinziani, M Dong, D Dorfan, J Dujmic, D Dunwoodie, W Elsen, EE Field, RC Glanzman, T Gowdy, SJ Grauges-Pous, E Hadig, T Halyo, V Hryn'ova, T Innes, WR Jessop, CP Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Langenegger, U Leith, DWGS Libby, J Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Marsiske, H Messner, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Ozcan, VE Perazzo, A Perl, M Petrak, S Ratcliff, BN Roodman, A Salnikov, AA Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Simi, G Snyder, A Soha, A Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weaver, M Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Wright, DH Young, CC Burchat, PR Edwards, AJ Meyer, TI Petersen, BA Roat, C Ahmed, M Ahmed, S Alam, MS Ernst, JA Saeed, MA Saleem, M Wappler, FR Bugg, W Krishnamurthy, M Spanier, SM Eckmann, R Kim, H Ritchie, JL Schwitters, RF Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Ye, S Bianchi, F Bona, M Gallo, F Gamba, D Borean, C Bosisio, L Della Ricca, G Dittongo, S Grancagnolo, S Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vitale, L Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Banerjee, S Brown, CM Fortin, D Jackson, PD Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Band, HR Dasu, S Datta, M Eichenbaum, AM Johnson, JR Kutter, PE Li, H Liu, R Di Lodovico, F Mihalyi, A Mohapatra, AK Pan, Y Prepost, R Sekula, SJ von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, J Wu, SL Yu, Z Neal, H CA BABAR Collaboration TI Measurement of time-dependent CP asymmetries and constraints on sin(2 beta+gamma) with partial reconstruction of B-0 -> D-*-/+pi(+/-) decays SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article AB We present a measurement of time-dependent CP-violating asymmetries in decays of neutral B mesons to the final states D(*-/+)pi(+/-), using approximately 82x10(6) B (B) over bar events recorded by the BABAR experiment at the PEP-II e(+)e(-) storage ring. Events containing these decays are selected with a partial reconstruction technique, in which only the high-momentum pi(+/-) from the B decay and the low-momentum pi(-/+) from the D*-/+ decay are used. We measure the amplitude of the asymmetry to be -0.063+/-0.024(stat)+/-0.014(syst) and compute bounds on \sin(2beta+gamma)\. C1 Lab Annecy Le Vieux Phys Particules, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. Univ Bari, Dipartimento Fis, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Univ Bergen, Inst Phys, N-5007 Bergen, Norway. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. Ruhr Univ Bochum, Inst Expt Phys 1, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. Univ Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. Brunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England. Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. 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Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London SW7 2BW, England. Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Lab Accelerateur Lineaire, F-91898 Orsay, France. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. Univ London, Queen Mary, London E1 4NS, England. Univ London Royal Holloway & Bedford New Coll, Egham TW20 0EX, Surrey, England. Univ Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. Univ Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. MIT, Nucl Sci Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA. Univ Montreal, Lab Rene JA Levesque, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. Mt Holyoke Coll, S Hadley, MA 01075 USA. Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Sci Fis, I-80126 Naples, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-80126 Naples, Italy. Natl Inst Nucl Phys & High Energy Phys, NIKHEF, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Univ Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Univ Paris 06, Lab Phys Nucl HE, F-75252 Paris, France. Univ Paris 07, Lab Phys Nucl HE, F-75252 Paris, France. Univ Pavia, Dipartimento Elettron, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis, Scuola Normale Super Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. Prairie View A&M Univ, Prairie View, TX 77446 USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Univ Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. CEA Saclay, DSM Dapnia, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. SUNY Albany, Albany, NY 12222 USA. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Univ Texas, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Sperimentale, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Univ Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6, Canada. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. Univ Basilicata, I-85100 Potenza, Italy. Univ Valencia, CSIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular, IFIC, Valencia, Spain. RP Aubert, B (reprint author), Lab Annecy Le Vieux Phys Particules, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. RI Lusiani, Alberto/A-3329-2016; Morandin, Mauro/A-3308-2016; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Di Lodovico, Francesca/L-9109-2016; Calcaterra, Alessandro/P-5260-2015; Frey, Raymond/E-2830-2016; de Sangro, Riccardo/J-2901-2012; M, Saleem/B-9137-2013; Sarti, Alessio/I-2833-2012; Cavallo, Nicola/F-8913-2012; Peters, Klaus/C-2728-2008; de Groot, Nicolo/A-2675-2009; Lista, Luca/C-5719-2008; Bellini, Fabio/D-1055-2009; crosetti, nanni/H-3040-2011; Neri, Nicola/G-3991-2012; Forti, Francesco/H-3035-2011; Rotondo, Marcello/I-6043-2012; Patrignani, Claudia/C-5223-2009; Saeed, Mohammad Alam/J-7455-2012; Negrini, Matteo/C-8906-2014; Monge, Maria Roberta/G-9127-2012; Luppi, Eleonora/A-4902-2015; Kravchenko, Evgeniy/F-5457-2015; Calabrese, Roberto/G-4405-2015; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/G-7212-2015; Martinez Vidal, F*/L-7563-2014; Kolomensky, Yury/I-3510-2015; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/J-5049-2012; Grancagnolo, Sergio/J-3957-2015; Lusiani, Alberto/N-2976-2015 OI Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Morandin, Mauro/0000-0003-4708-4240; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Di Lodovico, Francesca/0000-0003-3952-2175; Calcaterra, Alessandro/0000-0003-2670-4826; Frey, Raymond/0000-0003-0341-2636; de Sangro, Riccardo/0000-0002-3808-5455; Sarti, Alessio/0000-0001-5419-7951; Peters, Klaus/0000-0001-7133-0662; Bellini, Fabio/0000-0002-2936-660X; Neri, Nicola/0000-0002-6106-3756; Forti, Francesco/0000-0001-6535-7965; Rotondo, Marcello/0000-0001-5704-6163; Patrignani, Claudia/0000-0002-5882-1747; Saeed, Mohammad Alam/0000-0002-3529-9255; Negrini, Matteo/0000-0003-0101-6963; Monge, Maria Roberta/0000-0003-1633-3195; Luppi, Eleonora/0000-0002-1072-5633; Calabrese, Roberto/0000-0002-1354-5400; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/0000-0002-4276-715X; Martinez Vidal, F*/0000-0001-6841-6035; Kolomensky, Yury/0000-0001-8496-9975; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/0000-0002-6520-4480; Grancagnolo, Sergio/0000-0001-8490-8304; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288 NR 18 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 25 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 25 AR 251802 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.251802 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 832KJ UT WOS:000222266100012 ER PT J AU Evans, AO Paul, ES Simpson, J Riley, MA Appelbe, DE Campbell, DB Choy, PTW Clark, RM Cromaz, M Fallon, P Gorgen, A Joss, DT Lee, IY Macchiavelli, AO Nolan, PJ Pipidis, A Ward, D Ragnarsson, I Saric, F AF Evans, AO Paul, ES Simpson, J Riley, MA Appelbe, DE Campbell, DB Choy, PTW Clark, RM Cromaz, M Fallon, P Gorgen, A Joss, DT Lee, IY Macchiavelli, AO Nolan, PJ Pipidis, A Ward, D Ragnarsson, I Saric, F TI High-spin structure beyond band termination in Er-157 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ROTATIONAL BANDS; NUCLEI; EXCITATIONS AB The angular-momentum induced transition from a deformed state of collective rotation to a noncollective configuration has been studied. In Er-157 this transition manifests itself as favored band termination near I=45 (h) over bar. The feeding of these band terminating states has been investigated for the first time using the Gammasphere spectrometer. Many weakly populated states lying at high excitation energy that decay into these special states have been discovered. Cranked Nilsson-Strutinsky calculations suggest that these states arise from weakly collective "core-breaking" configurations. C1 Univ Liverpool, Oliver Lodge Lab, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England. SERC, Daresbury Lab, CCLRC, Warrington WA4 4AD, Cheshire, England. Florida State Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lund Inst Technol, Dept Math Phys, S-22100 Lund, Sweden. RP Evans, AO (reprint author), Univ Liverpool, Oliver Lodge Lab, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England. NR 20 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 25 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 25 AR 252502 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.252502 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 832KJ UT WOS:000222266100016 PM 15245000 ER PT J AU Goto, T Kimura, T Lawes, G Ramirez, AP Tokura, Y AF Goto, T Kimura, T Lawes, G Ramirez, AP Tokura, Y TI Ferroelectricity and giant magnetocapacitance in perovskite rare-earth manganites SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CALCIUM-CHLORIDE DIHYDRATE; DEVILS STAIRCASE; TRANSITION; PHASE AB The relationships among magnetism, lattice modulation, and dielectric properties have been investigated for RMnO3 (R=Eu, Gd, Tb, and Dy). These compounds show a transition to an incommensurate lattice structure below their Neel temperature, and subsequently undergo an incommensurate-commensurate (IC-C) phase transition. For TbMnO3 and DyMnO3 it was found that the IC-C transition is accompanied by a ferroelectric transition, associated with a lattice modulation in the C phase. DyMnO3 shows a gigantic magnetocapacitance with a change of dielectric constant up to Deltaepsilon/epsilonsimilar to500%. C1 Univ Tokyo, Dept Appl Phys, Tokyo 1138656, Japan. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Bell Labs, Lucent Technol, Murray Hill, NJ 07974 USA. Japan Sci & Technol Agcy, ERATO, Spin Superstruct Project, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058562, Japan. RP Goto, T (reprint author), Univ Tokyo, Dept Appl Phys, Tokyo 1138656, Japan. RI Tokura, Yoshinori/C-7352-2009 NR 19 TC 661 Z9 675 U1 26 U2 188 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 25 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 25 AR 257201 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.257201 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 832KJ UT WOS:000222266100072 PM 15245056 ER PT J AU Lushnikov, PM Rose, HA AF Lushnikov, PM Rose, HA TI Instability versus equilibrium propagation of a laser beam in plasma SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID INERTIAL CONFINEMENT FUSION; INDUCED SPATIAL INCOHERENCE; STIMULATED BRILLOUIN; HOT-SPOTS; FILAMENTATION; SCATTERING; MEDIA AB We obtain, for the first time, an analytic theory of the forward stimulated Brillouin scattering instability of a spatially and temporally incoherent laser beam that controls the transition between statistical equilibrium and nonequilibrium (unstable) self-focusing regimes of beam propagation. The stability boundary may be used as a comprehensive guide for inertial confinement fusion designs. Well into the stable regime, an analytic expression for the angular diffusion coefficient is obtained, which provides an essential correction to a geometric optic approximation for beam propagation. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. LD Landau Theoret Phys Inst, Moscow 119334, Russia. RP Lushnikov, PM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, MS-B213, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM har@lanl.gov RI Lushnikov, Pavel/I-2304-2013 NR 18 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 25 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 25 AR 255003 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.255003 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 832KJ UT WOS:000222266100034 PM 15245018 ER PT J AU Sauer, MC Crowell, RA Shkrob, IA AF Sauer, MC Crowell, RA Shkrob, IA TI Electron photodetachment from aqueous anions. 1. Quantum yields for generation of hydrated electron by 193 and 248 nm laser photoexcitation of miscellaneous inorganic anions SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Review ID ULTRAVIOLET SOLUTION SPECTROSCOPY; UV SOLUTION SPECTROSCOPY; EXCITED STATE CHEMISTRY; TO-SOLVENT SPECTRA; PULSE-RADIOLYSIS; FLASH-PHOTOLYSIS; LIQUID WATER; ABSORPTION SPECTRUM; SOLVATED ELECTRONS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS AB Time-resolved transient absorption spectroscopy has been used to determine quantum yields for electron photodetachment in 193 nm and (where possible) 248 nm laser excitation of miscellaneous aqueous anions, including hexacyanoferrate(II), sulfate, halide anions (Cl-, Br-, and I-), pseudohalide anions (OH-, HS-, and CNS-), and several common inorganic anions for which no quantum yields have been reported heretofore: SO32-, NO2-, NO3-, ClO3-, and ClO4-. Molar extinction coefficients for these anions and photoproducts of electron detachment from these anions at the excitation wavelengths were also determined. These results are discussed in the context of recent ultrafast kinetic studies and compared with the previous data obtained by product analyses. We suggest using electron photodetachment from the aqueous halide and pseudohalide anions as actinometric standards for time-resolved studies of aqueous photosystems in the UV. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM shkrob@anl.gov NR 107 TC 46 Z9 47 U1 1 U2 43 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD JUN 24 PY 2004 VL 108 IS 25 BP 5490 EP 5502 DI 10.1021/jp049722t PG 13 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 830MH UT WOS:000222125800026 ER PT J AU Sapochak, LS Falkowitz, A Ferris, KF Steinberg, S Burrows, PE AF Sapochak, LS Falkowitz, A Ferris, KF Steinberg, S Burrows, PE TI Supramolecular structures of zinc (II) (8-quinolinolato) chelates SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-STRUCTURE; ELECTRONIC STATES; BASIS-SETS; ALUMINUM; POLYMORPHS; CONTINUUM; SOLVENT; COMPLEX; ALQ(3) AB We investigate the oligomeric purity and stability of zinc (8-quinolinotato) (Znq(2)) and its methylated derivatives (nMeq(2)Zn, n = 2, 4, 5) through a combination of theoretical modeling of oligomerization energetics leading to supramolecular structures and experimental size-exclusion chromatography studies. Gas- and solution-phase (CHCl3) formation energies for dimeric, trimeric, and tetrameric species are reported. Favorable gas-phase thermodynamics were calculated and found to favor tetrameric structures for all Znq(2) chelates (similar to-50 kcal/mol for monomer dimerization to similar to-35 kcal/mol for dimer dimerization), with the exception of 2Meq(2)Zn, which gave lower formation energies by 30-45% due to steric hindrance. Solvation model computations indicate that these energies are reduced by similar to10-25% with the introduction of a dielectric medium. Computed structural parameters for the basic Zn-O core structure formed via bridging of phenolato oxygens do not change significantly as oligomer growth progresses. Size-exclusion chromatography experiments of crystalline and amorphous films (vapor deposited) dissolved in CHCl3 or CHCl3/DMS0 mixtures showed that the dominant species for Znq(2), 4Meq(2)Zn, and 5Meq(2)Zn is tetrameric, but partial disassociation to monomers can occur in the presence of nucleophilic solvent. The sterically hindered 2Meq(2)Zn was monomeric in all solvent systems. Implications for organic light-emitting devices using these materials are discussed. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Nevada, Dept Chem, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. RP Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM linda.sapochak@pnl.gov NR 28 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD JUN 24 PY 2004 VL 108 IS 25 BP 8558 EP 8566 DI 10.1021/jp037074s PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 830MI UT WOS:000222125900009 ER PT J AU Katz, HE Siegrist, T Lefenfeld, M Gopalan, P Mushrush, M Ocko, B Gang, O Jisrawl, N AF Katz, HE Siegrist, T Lefenfeld, M Gopalan, P Mushrush, M Ocko, B Gang, O Jisrawl, N TI Mesophase transitions, surface functionalization, and growth mechanism of semiconducting 6PTTP6 films from solution SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS; LARGE-AREA; ELECTRONICS; PHENYLENE; POLYMERS; DISPLAYS AB The grain structure is compared for films of the organic semiconductor 6PTTP6 prepared in the open air and in a closed, static atmosphere saturated with xylene vapor. The effect of surface functional groups affixed to the dielectric substrate on the grain appearance and film mobility is probed, to determine optimal fabrication conditions for films with usable mobility, high on/off ratio, and good uniformity. A single-crystal device, also obtained from solution deposition under a particular set of conditions, is characterized and displays an expected higher mobility, > 0.1 cm(2)/Vs. Mesophases are identified in the presence and absence of the xylene and tentatively identified through polarized optical microscopy (POM). Finally, a preliminary observation of the film evolution using an in situ X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique is reported, and lattice spacings are assigned. C1 Bell Labs, Lucent Technol, Murray Hill, NJ 07974 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Katz, HE (reprint author), Bell Labs, Lucent Technol, 600 Mt Ave, Murray Hill, NJ 07974 USA. EM hek@lucent.com RI Katz, Howard/A-3352-2010 NR 14 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD JUN 24 PY 2004 VL 108 IS 25 BP 8567 EP 8571 DI 10.1021/jp037068w PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 830MI UT WOS:000222125900010 ER PT J AU Brousmiche, DW Serin, JM Frechet, JMJ He, GS Lin, TC Chung, SJ Prasad, PN Kannan, R Tan, LS AF Brousmiche, DW Serin, JM Frechet, JMJ He, GS Lin, TC Chung, SJ Prasad, PN Kannan, R Tan, LS TI Fluorescence resonance energy transfer in novel multiphoton absorbing dendritic structures SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID ABSORPTION CROSS-SECTION; OPTICAL-DATA STORAGE; 2-PHOTON ABSORPTION; 2-PHOTON-ABSORBING CHROMOPHORES; LASING PROPERTIES; ORGANIC MATERIALS; DYE-SOLUTION; MICROFABRICATION; SPECTROSCOPY; MOLECULES AB A series of small dendritic structures containing one of two efficient multiphoton absorbing dyes at the periphery and a nile red derivative at the core have been synthesized. These molecules display efficient ( > 96%) fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) from the periphery to the core on selective excitation of the two-photon absorbing chromophore by either UV (linear absorption) or high-intensity IR (nonlinear absorption) radiation. In addition, a significant increase in core emission is observed on excitation of the peripheral chromophores, compared to direct excitation of the core. This "antenna effect" essentially doubles between increasing dendrimer generations within a series. The combination of the ability of the peripheral chromophores to absorb high-intensity IR radiation, coupled with a very efficient energy transfer process and a significant increase in the fluorescence of the acceptor chromophore, makes these molecules potentially useful for a variety of applications, including optical power limiting and biomedical imaging. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. SUNY Buffalo, Inst Lasers Photon & Biophoton, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. MLBP, AFRL, Polymer Branch, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Frechet, JMJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM frechet@cchem.berkeley.edu RI Tan, Loon-Seng/F-6985-2012; OI Tan, Loon-Seng/0000-0002-2134-9290; Frechet, Jean /0000-0001-6419-0163 NR 49 TC 70 Z9 70 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD JUN 24 PY 2004 VL 108 IS 25 BP 8592 EP 8600 DI 10.1021/jp049948w PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 830MI UT WOS:000222125900014 ER PT J AU Fifield, LS Dalton, LR Addleman, RS Galhotra, RA Engelhard, MH Fryxell, GE Aardahl, CL AF Fifield, LS Dalton, LR Addleman, RS Galhotra, RA Engelhard, MH Fryxell, GE Aardahl, CL TI Noncovalent functionalization of carbon nanotubes with molecular anchors using supercritical fluids SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; SIDEWALL-FUNCTIONALIZATION; SOLIDS; SOLUBILITIES; PYRENE; IMMOBILIZATION; ELECTRODE; DIOXIDE; LIQUIDS AB In this article, we describe a facile and effective method for the modification of multiwall carbon nanotubes with molecular anchor molecules using supercritical fluids (SCFs). Through choice of deposition conditions, the degree of loading in these nanotube-anchor structures can be controlled to achieve sub-monolayer, monolayer, or greater-than-monolayer coverage. This level of control represents a potential advantage of SCFs over liquid solvents for anchor deposition. Employment of the described technique is expected to enable the direct addition of desired chemical functionality to many carbon nanotube structures for a variety of applications. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Chem, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM Christopher.Aardahl@pnl.gov RI Engelhard, Mark/F-1317-2010; Fifield, Leonard/E-9773-2010; OI Fifield, Leonard/0000-0002-7432-5356; Engelhard, Mark/0000-0002-5543-0812 NR 36 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD JUN 24 PY 2004 VL 108 IS 25 BP 8737 EP 8741 DI 10.1021/jp0379771 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 830MI UT WOS:000222125900033 ER PT J AU Bong, DTY Chan, EWL Diercks, R Dosa, PI Haley, MM Matzger, AJ Miljanic, OS Vollhardt, KPC Bond, AD Teat, SJ Stanger, A AF Bong, DTY Chan, EWL Diercks, R Dosa, PI Haley, MM Matzger, AJ Miljanic, OS Vollhardt, KPC Bond, AD Teat, SJ Stanger, A TI Syntheses of syn and anti doublebent [5]phenylene SO ORGANIC LETTERS LA English DT Article ID COBALT-CATALYZED COCYCLIZATION; HYDROCARBONS; CYCLOHEXATRIENE; <7>PHENYLENE; <3>PHENYLENE; PHENYLENES; HELIPHENES; TOPOLOGY AB [GRAPHICS] The parent and dipropyl-substituted anti (1a,b) and syn doublebent (2a,b) [5]phenylenes have been assembled by CpCo-catalyzed double cyclization of regiospecifically constructed appropriate hexaynes. H-1 NMR, NICS, and an X-ray structural analysis of is reflect the aromatizing effect of double angular fusion on the central ring of the linear [3]phenylene substructure. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr New Direct Organ Synth, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Cambridge, Dept Chem, Cambridge CB2 1EW, England. CCLRC, Daresbury Lab, Warrington WA4 4AD, Cheshire, England. Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Chem, Inst Catalysis Sci & Technol, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. Technion Israel Inst Technol, Lise Meitner Minerva Ctr Computat Quantum Chem, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. RP Vollhardt, KPC (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr New Direct Organ Synth, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM kpcv@berkeley.edu RI Bong, Dennis/B-8928-2009; Matzger, Adam/G-7497-2016; Bong, Dennis/I-9517-2016 OI Matzger, Adam/0000-0002-4926-2752; Bong, Dennis/0000-0003-3778-9183 NR 22 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1523-7060 J9 ORG LETT JI Org. Lett. PD JUN 24 PY 2004 VL 6 IS 13 BP 2249 EP 2252 DI 10.1021/ol49225v PG 4 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 830JY UT WOS:000222119400043 PM 15200332 ER PT J AU Chekanov, S Derrick, M Krakauer, D Loizides, JH Magill, S Miglioranzi, S Musgrave, B Repond, J Yoshida, R Mattingly, MCK Antonioli, P Bari, G Basile, M Bellagamba, L Boscherini, D Bruni, A Bruni, G Romeo, GC Cifarelli, L Cindolo, F Contin, A Corradi, M De Pasquale, S Giusti, P Iacobucci, G Margotti, A Montanari, A Nania, R Palmonari, F Pesci, A Sartorelli, G Zichichi, A Aghuzumtsyan, G Bartsch, D Brock, I Goers, S Hartmann, H Hilger, E Irrgang, P Jakob, HP Kind, O Meyer, U Paul, E Rautenberg, J Renner, R Stifutkin, A Tandler, J Voss, KC Wang, M Weber, A Bailey, DS Brook, NH Cole, JE Heath, GP Namsoo, T Robins, S Wing, A Capua, M Mastroberardino, A Schioppa, M Susinno, G Kim, JY Kim, YK Lee, JH Lim, IT Pac, MY Chwastowski, J Eskreys, A Figiel, J Galas, A Olkiewicz, K Stopa, P Zawiejski, L Adamczyk, L Bold, T Grabowska-Bold, I Kisielewska, D Kowal, AM Kowal, M Kowalski, T Przybycien, M Suszycki, L Szuba, D Szuba, J Kotanski, A Slominski, W Adler, V Behrens, U Bloch, I Borras, K Chiochia, V Dannheim, D Drews, G Fourletova, J Fricke, U Geiser, A Gottlicher, P Gutsche, O Haas, T Hain, W Hillert, S Kahle, B Kotz, U Kowalski, H Kramberger, G Labes, H Lelas, D Lim, H Lohr, B Mankel, R Melzer-Pellmann, IA Nguyen, CN Notz, D Nuncio-Quiroz, AE Polini, A Raval, A Rurua, L Schneekloth, U Stosslein, U Wolf, G Youngman, C Zeuner, W Schlenstedt, S Barbagli, G Gallo, E Genta, C Pelfer, PG Bamberger, A Benen, A Karstens, F Dobur, D Vlasov, NN Bell, M Bussey, PJ Doyle, AT Ferrando, J Hamilton, J Hanlon, S Saxon, DH Skillicorn, IO Gialas, I Carli, T Gosau, T Holm, U Krumnack, N Lohrmann, E Milite, M Salehi, H Schleper, R Stonjek, S Wichmann, K Wick, K Ziegler, A Ziegler, A Collins-Tooth, C Foudas, C Goncalo, R Long, KR Tapper, AD Cloth, P Filges, D Kataoka, M Nagano, K Tokushuku, K Yamada, S Yamazaki, Y Barakbaev, AN Boos, EG Pokrovskiy, NS Zhautykov, BO Son, D Piotrzkowski, K Barreiro, F Glasman, C Gonzalez, O Labarga, L del Peso, J Tassi, E Terron, J Vazquez, M Zambrana, M Barbi, M Corriveau, F Gliga, S Lainesse, J Padhi, S Stairs, DG Walsh, R Tsurugai, T Antonov, A Danilov, P Dolgoshein, BA Gladkov, D Sosnovtsev, V Suchkov, S Dementiev, RK Ermolov, PF Golubkov, YA Katkov, II Khein, LA Korzhavina, IA Kuzmin, VA Levchenko, BB Lukina, OY Proskuryakov, AS Shcheglova, LM Zotkin, SA Coppola, N Grijpink, S Koffeman, E Kooijman, P Maddox, E Pellegrino, A Schagen, S Tiecke, H Velthuis, JJ Wiggers, L de Wolf, E Brummer, N Bylsma, B Durkin, LS Ling, TY Cooper-Sarkar, AM Cottrell, A Devenish, RCE Foster, B Grzelak, G Gwenlan, C Patel, S Straub, PB Walczak, R Bertolin, A Brugnera, R Carlin, R Dal Corso, F Dusini, S Garfagnini, A Limentani, S Longhin, A Parenti, A Posocco, M Stanco, L Turcato, M Heaphy, EA Metlica, F Oh, BY Whitmore, JJ Iga, Y D'Agostini, G Marini, G Nigro, A Cormack, C Hart, JC McCubbin, NA Heusch, C Park, IH Pavel, N Abramowicz, H Gabareen, A Kananov, S Kreisel, A Levy, A Kuze, M Fusayasu, T Kagawa, S Kohno, T Tawara, T Yamashita, T Hamatsu, R Hirose, T Inuzuka, M Kaji, H Kitamura, S Matsuzawa, K Ferrero, MI Monaco, V Sacchi, R Solano, A Arneodo, M Ruspa, M Koop, T Martin, JF Mirea, A Butterworth, JM Hall-Wilton, R Jones, TW Lightwood, MS Sutton, MR Targett-Adams, C Ciborowski, J Ciesielski, R Luzniak, P Nowak, RJ Pawlak, JM Sztuk, J Tymieniecka, T Ukleja, A Ukleja, J Zarnecki, AF Adamus, M Plucinski, P Eisenberg, Y Gladilin, LK Hochman, D Karshon, U Riveline, M Kcira, D Lammers, S Li, L Reeder, DD Rosin, M Savin, AA Smith, WH Deshpande, A Dhawan, S Bhadra, S Catterall, CD Fourletov, S Hartner, G Menary, S Soares, M Standage, J Caldwell, A Helbich, M Liu, X Mellado, B Ning, Y Paganis, S Ren, Z Schmidke, WB Sciulli, F AF Chekanov, S Derrick, M Krakauer, D Loizides, JH Magill, S Miglioranzi, S Musgrave, B Repond, J Yoshida, R Mattingly, MCK Antonioli, P Bari, G Basile, M Bellagamba, L Boscherini, D Bruni, A Bruni, G Romeo, GC Cifarelli, L Cindolo, F Contin, A Corradi, M De Pasquale, S Giusti, P Iacobucci, G Margotti, A Montanari, A Nania, R Palmonari, F Pesci, A Sartorelli, G Zichichi, A Aghuzumtsyan, G Bartsch, D Brock, I Goers, S Hartmann, H Hilger, E Irrgang, P Jakob, HP Kind, O Meyer, U Paul, E Rautenberg, J Renner, R Stifutkin, A Tandler, J Voss, KC Wang, M Weber, A Bailey, DS Brook, NH Cole, JE Heath, GP Namsoo, T Robins, S Wing, A Capua, M Mastroberardino, A Schioppa, M Susinno, G Kim, JY Kim, YK Lee, JH Lim, IT Pac, MY Chwastowski, J Eskreys, A Figiel, J Galas, A Olkiewicz, K Stopa, P Zawiejski, L Adamczyk, L Bold, T Grabowska-Bold, I Kisielewska, D Kowal, AM Kowal, M Kowalski, T Przybycien, M Suszycki, L Szuba, D Szuba, J Kotanski, A Slominski, W Adler, V Behrens, U Bloch, I Borras, K Chiochia, V Dannheim, D Drews, G Fourletova, J Fricke, U Geiser, A Gottlicher, P Gutsche, O Haas, T Hain, W Hillert, S Kahle, B Kotz, U Kowalski, H Kramberger, G Labes, H Lelas, D Lim, H Lohr, B Mankel, R Melzer-Pellmann, IA Nguyen, CN Notz, D Nuncio-Quiroz, AE Polini, A Raval, A Rurua, L Schneekloth, U Stosslein, U Wolf, G Youngman, C Zeuner, W Schlenstedt, S Barbagli, G Gallo, E Genta, C Pelfer, PG Bamberger, A Benen, A Karstens, F Dobur, D Vlasov, NN Bell, M Bussey, PJ Doyle, AT Ferrando, J Hamilton, J Hanlon, S Saxon, DH Skillicorn, IO Gialas, I Carli, T Gosau, T Holm, U Krumnack, N Lohrmann, E Milite, M Salehi, H Schleper, R Stonjek, S Wichmann, K Wick, K Ziegler, A Ziegler, A Collins-Tooth, C Foudas, C Goncalo, R Long, KR Tapper, AD Cloth, P Filges, D Kataoka, M Nagano, K Tokushuku, K Yamada, S Yamazaki, Y Barakbaev, AN Boos, EG Pokrovskiy, NS Zhautykov, BO Son, D Piotrzkowski, K Barreiro, F Glasman, C Gonzalez, O Labarga, L del Peso, J Tassi, E Terron, J Vazquez, M Zambrana, M Barbi, M Corriveau, F Gliga, S Lainesse, J Padhi, S Stairs, DG Walsh, R Tsurugai, T Antonov, A Danilov, P Dolgoshein, BA Gladkov, D Sosnovtsev, V Suchkov, S Dementiev, RK Ermolov, PF Golubkov, YA Katkov, II Khein, LA Korzhavina, IA Kuzmin, VA Levchenko, BB Lukina, OY Proskuryakov, AS Shcheglova, LM Zotkin, SA Coppola, N Grijpink, S Koffeman, E Kooijman, P Maddox, E Pellegrino, A Schagen, S Tiecke, H Velthuis, JJ Wiggers, L de Wolf, E Brummer, N Bylsma, B Durkin, LS Ling, TY Cooper-Sarkar, AM Cottrell, A Devenish, RCE Foster, B Grzelak, G Gwenlan, C Patel, S Straub, PB Walczak, R Bertolin, A Brugnera, R Carlin, R Dal Corso, F Dusini, S Garfagnini, A Limentani, S Longhin, A Parenti, A Posocco, M Stanco, L Turcato, M Heaphy, EA Metlica, F Oh, BY Whitmore, JJ Iga, Y D'Agostini, G Marini, G Nigro, A Cormack, C Hart, JC McCubbin, NA Heusch, C Park, IH Pavel, N Abramowicz, H Gabareen, A Kananov, S Kreisel, A Levy, A Kuze, M Fusayasu, T Kagawa, S Kohno, T Tawara, T Yamashita, T Hamatsu, R Hirose, T Inuzuka, M Kaji, H Kitamura, S Matsuzawa, K Ferrero, MI Monaco, V Sacchi, R Solano, A Arneodo, M Ruspa, M Koop, T Martin, JF Mirea, A Butterworth, JM Hall-Wilton, R Jones, TW Lightwood, MS Sutton, MR Targett-Adams, C Ciborowski, J Ciesielski, R Luzniak, P Nowak, RJ Pawlak, JM Sztuk, J Tymieniecka, T Ukleja, A Ukleja, J Zarnecki, AF Adamus, M Plucinski, P Eisenberg, Y Gladilin, LK Hochman, D Karshon, U Riveline, M Kcira, D Lammers, S Li, L Reeder, DD Rosin, M Savin, AA Smith, WH Deshpande, A Dhawan, S Bhadra, S Catterall, CD Fourletov, S Hartner, G Menary, S Soares, M Standage, J Caldwell, A Helbich, M Liu, X Mellado, B Ning, Y Paganis, S Ren, Z Schmidke, WB Sciulli, F CA ZEUS Collabotation TI Photoproduction of D*(+/-) mesons associated with a leading neutron SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID DEEP-INELASTIC SCATTERING; DIJET CROSS-SECTIONS; OF-MASS ENERGY; TRIPLE-REGGEON MODEL; PI-PI RESONANCE; GEV-C; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; INCLUSIVE REACTIONS; ZEUS EXPERIMENT; ABSORPTIVE CORRECTIONS AB The photoproduction of D*(+/-)(2010) mesons associated with a leading neutron has been observed with the ZEUS detector in ep collisions at HERA using an integrated luminosity of 80 pb(-1). The neutron carries a large fraction, x(L) > 0.2, of the incoming proton beam energy and is detected at very small production angles, theta(n) < 0.8 mrad, an indication of peripheral scattering. The D* meson is centrally produced with pseudorapidity \eta\ < 1.5, and has a transverse momentum p(T) > 1.9 GeV, which is large compared to the average transverse momentum of the neutron of 0.22 GeV The ratio of neutron-tagged to inclusive D* production is 8.85 +/- 0.93(stat.)(-0.61)(+0.48)(syst.)% in the photon-proton center-of-mass energy range 130 < W < 280 Gev The data suggest that the presence of a hard scale enhances the fraction of events with a leading neutron in the final state. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Andrews Univ, Berrien Springs, MI 49104 USA. Univ Bologna, Bologna, Italy. INFM, Bologna, Italy. Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, Bonn, Germany. Univ Bristol, HH Wills Phys Lab, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. Univ Calabria, Dept Phys, Cosenza, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Cosenza, Italy. Chonnam Natl Univ, Kwangju, South Korea. Columbia Univ, Nevis Labs, Irvington, NY 10027 USA. Inst Nucl Phys, Krakow, Poland. AGH Univ Sci & Technol, Fac Phys & Nucl Tech, Krakow, Poland. Jagiellonian Univ, Dept Phys, Krakow, Poland. DESY, Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron, Hamburg, Germany. DESY Zeuthen, Zeuthen, Germany. Univ Florence, Florence, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Florence, Italy. Univ Freiburg, Fak Phys, Freiburg, Germany. Univ Glasgow, Dept Phys & Astron, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland. Univ Hamburg, Inst Phys Expt, Hamburg, Germany. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, High Energy Nucl Phys Grp, London, England. Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Kernphys, Julich, Germany. KEK, Inst Particle & Nucl Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. Minist Educ & Sci, Inst Phys & Technol, Alma Ata, Kazakhstan. Kyungpook Natl Univ, Ctr High Energy Phys, Taejon, South Korea. Catholic Univ Louvain, Inst Phys Nucl, Louvain, Belgium. Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Fis Teor, Madrid, Spain. McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Meiji Gakuin Univ, Fac Gen Educ, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan. Moscow Phys Engn Inst, Moscow, Russia. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Inst Nucl Phys, Moscow, Russia. NIKHEF, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford, England. Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis, Padua, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Padua, Italy. Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Polytech Univ, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, Rome, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Rome, Italy. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Ewha Womans Univ, Dept Phys, Seoul, South Korea. Univ Siegen, Fachbereich Phys, Siegen, Germany. Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Phys, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Fac Exact Sci, Tel Aviv, Israel. Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Tokyo, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Tokyo, Japan. Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Dept Phys, Tokyo, Japan. Univ Turin, Turin, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Univ Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Turin, Italy. Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London, England. Warsaw Univ, Inst Expt Phys, Warsaw, Poland. Inst Nucl Studies, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Particle Phys, Rehovot, Israel. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. York Univ, Dept Phys, N York, ON M3J 1P3, Canada. Univ Lodz, PL-90131 Lodz, Poland. Nara Womens Univ, Nara 630, Japan. RP Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI dusini, stefano/J-3686-2012; Goncalo, Ricardo/M-3153-2016; Li, Liang/O-1107-2015; Capua, Marcella/A-8549-2015; Tassi, Enrico/K-3958-2015; Gladilin, Leonid/B-5226-2011; De Pasquale, Salvatore/B-9165-2008; Doyle, Anthony/C-5889-2009; collins-tooth, christopher/A-9201-2012; Ferrando, James/A-9192-2012; Golubkov, Yury/E-1643-2012; Levchenko, B./D-9752-2012; Proskuryakov, Alexander/J-6166-2012; Dementiev, Roman/K-7201-2012; Wiggers, Leo/B-5218-2015; Gliga, Sebastian/K-4019-2015 OI dusini, stefano/0000-0002-1128-0664; Goncalo, Ricardo/0000-0002-3826-3442; Li, Liang/0000-0001-6411-6107; Capua, Marcella/0000-0002-2443-6525; Arneodo, Michele/0000-0002-7790-7132; Longhin, Andrea/0000-0001-9103-9936; Gutsche, Oliver/0000-0002-8015-9622; Gladilin, Leonid/0000-0001-9422-8636; De Pasquale, Salvatore/0000-0001-9236-0748; Doyle, Anthony/0000-0001-6322-6195; Ferrando, James/0000-0002-1007-7816; Wiggers, Leo/0000-0003-1060-0520; Gliga, Sebastian/0000-0003-1729-1070 NR 70 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 EI 1873-2445 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JUN 24 PY 2004 VL 590 IS 3-4 BP 143 EP 160 DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2004.03.076 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 829HL UT WOS:000222037900005 ER PT J AU Molchanov, VV Alkhazov, G Atamantchouk, AG Balatz, MY Bondar, NF Casey, D Cooper, PS Dauwe, LJ Davidenko, GV Dersch, U Dolgolenko, AG Dzyubenko, GB Edelstein, R Emediato, L Endler, AMF Engelfried, J Eschrich, I Escobar, CO Evdokimov, AV Ferbel, T Filimonov, IS Garcia, FG Gaspero, M Giller, I Golovtsov, VL Gouffon, P Gulmez, E Hammer, C Kangling, H Iori, M Jun, SY Kaya, M Kilmer, J Kim, VT Kochenda, LM Konorov, I Kozhevnikov, AP Krivshich, AG Kruger, H Kubantsev, MA Kubarovsky, VP Kulyavtsev, AI Kuropatkin, NP Kurshetsov, VF Kushnirenko, A Kwan, S Lach, J Lamberto, A Landsberg, LG Larin, I Leikin, EM Yunshan, L Luksys, M Lungov, T Maleev, VP Mao, D Chensheng, M Zhenlin, M Mathew, P Mattson, M Matveev, V McCliment, E Moinester, MA Morelos, A Mukhin, VA Nelson, KD Nemitkin, AV Neoustroev, PV Newsom, C Nilov, AP Nurushev, SB Ocherashvili, A Onel, Y Ozel, E Ozkorucuklu, S Penzo, A Petrenko, SV Pogodin, P Procario, M Prutskoi, VA Ramberg, E Rappazzo, GF Razmyslovich, BV Rud, VI Russ, J Schiavon, P Simon, J Sitnikov, AI Skow, D Slattery, P Smith, VJ Srivastava, M Steiner, V Stepanov, V Stutte, L Svoiski, M Terentyev, NK Thomas, GP Uvarov, LN Vasiliev, AN Vavilov, DV Verebryusov, VS Victorov, VA Vishnyakov, VE Vorobyov, AA Vorwalter, K You, J Zhao, WH Zheng, SC Zhu, ZH Zielinski, M Zukanovich-Funchal, R AF Molchanov, VV Alkhazov, G Atamantchouk, AG Balatz, MY Bondar, NF Casey, D Cooper, PS Dauwe, LJ Davidenko, GV Dersch, U Dolgolenko, AG Dzyubenko, GB Edelstein, R Emediato, L Endler, AMF Engelfried, J Eschrich, I Escobar, CO Evdokimov, AV Ferbel, T Filimonov, IS Garcia, FG Gaspero, M Giller, I Golovtsov, VL Gouffon, P Gulmez, E Hammer, C Kangling, H Iori, M Jun, SY Kaya, M Kilmer, J Kim, VT Kochenda, LM Konorov, I Kozhevnikov, AP Krivshich, AG Kruger, H Kubantsev, MA Kubarovsky, VP Kulyavtsev, AI Kuropatkin, NP Kurshetsov, VF Kushnirenko, A Kwan, S Lach, J Lamberto, A Landsberg, LG Larin, I Leikin, EM Yunshan, L Luksys, M Lungov, T Maleev, VP Mao, D Chensheng, M Zhenlin, M Mathew, P Mattson, M Matveev, V McCliment, E Moinester, MA Morelos, A Mukhin, VA Nelson, KD Nemitkin, AV Neoustroev, PV Newsom, C Nilov, AP Nurushev, SB Ocherashvili, A Onel, Y Ozel, E Ozkorucuklu, S Penzo, A Petrenko, SV Pogodin, P Procario, M Prutskoi, VA Ramberg, E Rappazzo, GF Razmyslovich, BV Rud, VI Russ, J Schiavon, P Simon, J Sitnikov, AI Skow, D Slattery, P Smith, VJ Srivastava, M Steiner, V Stepanov, V Stutte, L Svoiski, M Terentyev, NK Thomas, GP Uvarov, LN Vasiliev, AN Vavilov, DV Verebryusov, VS Victorov, VA Vishnyakov, VE Vorobyov, AA Vorwalter, K You, J Zhao, WH Zheng, SC Zhu, ZH Zielinski, M Zukanovich-Funchal, R TI Upper limit on the decay Sigma(1385)(-) -> Sigma(-)gamma and cross section for gamma Sigma(-) -> Lambda pi(-) SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article DE hyperon radiative decay; Primakoff effect ID NUCLEAR-COULOMB-FIELD; RADIATIVE DECAYS; ELECTROMAGNETIC DECAYS; COHERENT PRODUCTION; QUARK-MODEL; DECUPLET HYPERONS; MAGNETIC-MOMENTS; LIGHT MESONS; BARYONS; TRANSITIONS AB Coherent Lambdapi(-) production on Pb of 600 GeV Sigma(-) hyperons has been studied with the SELEX facility at Fermilab. Using the Primakoff formalism, we set a 90% CL upper limit on the radiative decay width Gamma[Sigma(1385)(-) --> Sigma(-) gamma] < 9.5 keV, and estimate the cross section for gamma Sigma(-) --> Lambdapi(-) at roots approximate to 1.385 GeV to be 56 +/- 16 mub. Crown Copyright (C) 2004 Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. Ball State Univ, Muncie, IN 47306 USA. Bogazici Univ, TR-80815 Bebek, Turkey. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Ctr Brasileiro Pesquisas Fis, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. Max Planck Inst Kernphys, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Moscow, Russia. Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, St Petersburg, Russia. Tel Aviv Univ, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. Univ Autonoma San Luis Potosi, San Luis Potosi, Mexico. Univ Fed Paraiba, BR-58059900 Joao Pessoa, Paraiba, Brazil. Univ Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Univ Michigan, Flint, MI 48502 USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Rome, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Rome, Italy. Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Univ Trieste, Trieste, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Trieste, Italy. RP Molchanov, VV (reprint author), Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. EM molchanov@mx.ihep.su RI Zukanovich Funchal, Renata/C-5829-2013; Russ, James/P-3092-2014; Gulmez, Erhan/P-9518-2015; Gouffon, Philippe/I-4549-2012; Maleev, Victor/R-4140-2016 OI Zukanovich Funchal, Renata/0000-0001-6749-0022; Russ, James/0000-0001-9856-9155; Gulmez, Erhan/0000-0002-6353-518X; Gouffon, Philippe/0000-0001-7511-4115; NR 35 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JUN 24 PY 2004 VL 590 IS 3-4 BP 161 EP 169 DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2004.04.006 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 829HL UT WOS:000222037900006 ER PT J AU Seweryniak, D Woods, PJ Blank, B Carpenter, MP Davinson, T Freeman, SJ Gorres, J Heinz, A Janssens, RVF Mahmud, H Khoo, TL Liu, Z Mukherjee, G Rehm, E Sarazin, F Shergur, J Shawcross, M Sinha, S Woehr, A AF Seweryniak, D Woods, PJ Blank, B Carpenter, MP Davinson, T Freeman, SJ Gorres, J Heinz, A Janssens, RVF Mahmud, H Khoo, TL Liu, Z Mukherjee, G Rehm, E Sarazin, F Shergur, J Shawcross, M Sinha, S Woehr, A TI Complete structure determination of the astrophysically important nucleus Na-20 below the proton threshold SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID STELLAR REACTION-RATE; NE-19(P,GAMMA)NA-20; LEVEL AB The fusion-evaporation reaction B-10(C-12,2n) was used to make the first observation of in-beam gamma decays from the astrophysically important nucleus Na-20, lying adjacent to the proton drip-line. All states below the proton threshold in Na-20 were populated and identified in the experiment. These include new levels, previously unresolved levels, and states located with improved energy precision. The level structure of Na-20, and its gamma transitions, are compared to the mirror partner F-20 measured simultaneously in this experiment. In particular, a high degree of energy stability is found for all negative parity states. These results are discussed in the context of the nuclear shell model. (C) 2004 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Midlothian, Scotland. Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. CEN Bordeaux Gradignan, F-33175 Gradignan, France. Univ Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. RP Seweryniak, D (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM seweryhiak@phy.anl.gov RI Freeman, Sean/B-1280-2010; Heinz, Andreas/E-3191-2014; Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015 OI Freeman, Sean/0000-0001-9773-4921; Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734 NR 11 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JUN 24 PY 2004 VL 590 IS 3-4 BP 170 EP 175 DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2004.03.090 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 829HL UT WOS:000222037900007 ER PT J AU Pan, FF Peters-Lidard, CD Sale, MJ King, AW AF Pan, FF Peters-Lidard, CD Sale, MJ King, AW TI A comparison of geographical information systems-based algorithms for computing the TOPMODEL topographic index SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE GIS; TOPMODEL; topographic index; single flow direction algorithm; biflow direction algorithm; multiple flow direction algorithm ID DIGITAL ELEVATION DATA; SPATIALLY-VARIABLE WATER; ENERGY-BALANCE PROCESSES; MODELS; EXTRACTION; NETWORKS; SLOPE; AREAS; DEMS AB [1] The performance of six geographical information systems (GIS)-based topographic index algorithms is evaluated by computing root-mean-square errors of the computed and the theoretical topographic indices of three idealized hillslopes: planar, convergent, and divergent. In addition to these three idealized cases, two divergent hillslopes with varying slopes, i.e., concave ( slopes decrease from top to bottom) and convex ( slopes increase from top to bottom) are also tested. The six GIS-based topographic index algorithms are combinations of flow direction and slope algorithms: i.e., single flow direction (SFD), biflow direction (BFD), and multiple flow direction (MFD) plus methods that determine slope values in flat areas, e. g., W-M method [Wolock and McCabe, 1995] and tracking flow direction (TFD) method. Two combinations of horizontal resolution and vertical resolution of the idealized terrain data are used to evaluate those methods. Among those algorithms the MFD algorithm is the most accurate followed by the BFD algorithm and the SFD algorithm. As the vertical resolution increases, the errors in the computed topographic index for all algorithms decrease. We found that the orientation of the contour lines of planar hillslopes significantly influences the SFD's computed topographic index. If the contour lines are not parallel to one of eight possible flow directions, the errors in the SFD's computed topographic index are significant. If mean slope is small, TFD becomes more accurate because slope values in flat areas are better estimated. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Hydrol Sci Branch, Greenbelt, MD 20071 USA. RP Pan, FF (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, MS 6335, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM panf@ornl.gov RI Pan, Feifei/D-3370-2015; Peters-Lidard, Christa/E-1429-2012 OI Pan, Feifei/0000-0003-4373-7566; Peters-Lidard, Christa/0000-0003-1255-2876 NR 23 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 3 U2 12 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD JUN 24 PY 2004 VL 40 IS 6 AR W06303 DI 10.1029/2004WR003069 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 839JA UT WOS:000222778700005 ER PT J AU Zhang, DX Kang, QJ AF Zhang, DX Kang, QJ TI Pore scale simulation of solute transport in fractured porous media SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DISPERSION; FLOW; MODEL AB We investigate the effects of the porosity (and thus permeability) of porous matrix and the fracture aperture on transport in fractured porous media. We do so with detailed lattice Boltzmann simulations on constructed porous media with a single fracture. Both plume spatial moments (the average plume velocity and the dispersion coefficients) and mass transfer coefficients between the facture and the porous matrix are analyzed. It is found that unlike transport in channels or in pure porous media, solute transport in fractured porous media is non-Gaussian with long tails and with time-dependent mean plume velocities and non-Fickian dispersion coefficients. Higher spatial moments may be needed to fully characterize such plumes and the conventional advection-dispersion equation with upscaled coefficients may be inadequate for describing this anomalous dispersive behavior. The long tailing stems from mass transfer between the fracture and the porous matrix and from the contrast in flow velocities of the two media. It is shown that the mass transfer coefficient is proportional to the matrix diffusivity and inversely proportional to the square of the grain size of the porous matrix. Even for low porosity and low permeability porous matrix whose contribution to flow in the fractured porous media can be neglected, mass transfer between the fractures and the matrix is usually non-negligible. C1 Univ Oklahoma, Mewbourne Sch Petr & Geol Engn, Norman, OK 73019 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Zhang, DX (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Mewbourne Sch Petr & Geol Engn, Norman, OK 73019 USA. EM donzhang@ou.edu RI Zhang, Dongxiao/D-5289-2009 OI Zhang, Dongxiao/0000-0001-6930-5994 NR 15 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JUN 23 PY 2004 VL 31 IS 12 AR L12504 DI 10.1029/2004GL019886 PG 5 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 839HL UT WOS:000222774500002 ER PT J AU Pearce, JV Diallo, SO Glyde, HR Azuah, RT Arnold, T Larese, JZ AF Pearce, JV Diallo, SO Glyde, HR Azuah, RT Arnold, T Larese, JZ TI Enhanced Bose-Einstein condensation and kinetic energy of liquid He-4 near a free surface SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article ID INELASTIC NEUTRON-SCATTERING; MOMENTUM DISTRIBUTION; SUPERFLUID-HELIUM; HE-4; FRACTION; FLUCTUATIONS; EXCITATIONS; VYCOR AB We present neutron scattering measurements of Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) in liquid He-4 adsorbed in thick layers on an MgO substrate to study whether the condensate fraction, n(0), is increased near a free surface of liquid He-4. The data show that there is definitely a condensate in the layers adsorbed on the substrate with a condensate fraction comparable to that of bulk liquid He-4. Two methods of analysis are employed to cross-check the results. The data indicate that the condensate fraction increases significantly when the number of adsorbed layers is reduced. This effect is independent of the analysis technique used. In addition, a significant increase in the kinetic energy of the He-4 atoms is observed when the number of adsorbed layers is reduced. C1 Inst Max Von Laue Paul Langevin, F-38042 Grenoble, France. Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20988 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Pearce, JV (reprint author), Inst Max Von Laue Paul Langevin, 6 Rue J Horowitz,BP 156, F-38042 Grenoble, France. EM pearce@ill.fr RI Diallo, Souleymane/B-3111-2016; OI Diallo, Souleymane/0000-0002-3369-8391; Arnold, Thomas/0000-0001-8295-3822 NR 32 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 EI 1361-648X J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD JUN 23 PY 2004 VL 16 IS 24 BP 4391 EP 4402 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/16/24/020 PG 12 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 839BG UT WOS:000222757700023 ER PT J AU Eitouni, HB Balsara, NP AF Eitouni, HB Balsara, NP TI Effect of chemical oxidation on the self-assembly of organometallic block copolymers SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID TRANSITION; POLYMERS; ARRAYS; MELTS C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Environm Energies & Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Balsara, NP (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM nbalsara@berkeley.edu NR 16 TC 61 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 18 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JUN 23 PY 2004 VL 126 IS 24 BP 7446 EP 7447 DI 10.1021/ja048570c PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 830KM UT WOS:000222120900017 PM 15198584 ER PT J AU Yano, J Sauer, K Girerd, JJ Yachandra, VK AF Yano, J Sauer, K Girerd, JJ Yachandra, VK TI Single crystal X- and Q-band EPR spectroscopy of a binuclear Mn2(III,IV) complex relevant to the oxygen-evolving complex of photosystem II SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-PARAMAGNETIC-RESONANCE; MAGNETIC EXCHANGE INTERACTIONS; MN(III)MN(IV) MODEL COMPLEXES; HIGH-FREQUENCY EPR; MN CLUSTER; S-0 STATE; THERMUS-THERMOPHILUS; DIMANGANESE CATALASE; MULTILINE SIGNAL; MANGANESE CENTER AB The anisotropic g and hyperfine tensors of the Mn di-mu-oxo complex, [Mn-2(III,IV)O-2(phen)(4)](PF6)(3)(CH3CN)-C-., were derived by single-crystal EPR measurements at X- and Q-band frequencies. This is the first simulation of EPR parameters from single-crystal EPR spectra for multinuclear Mn complexes, which are of importance in several metalloenzymes; one of them is the oxygen-evolving complex in photosystem II (PS II). Single-crystal [Mn-2(III,IV)O-2(phen)(4)](PF6)(3)(CH3CN)-C-. EPR spectra showed distinct resolved Mn-55 hyperfine lines in all crystal orientations, unlike single-crystal EPR spectra of other Mn-2(III,IV) di-mu-oxo bridged complexes. We measured the EPR spectra in the crystal ab- and bc-planes, and from these spectra we obtained the EPR spectra of the complex along the unique a-, b-, and c-axes of the crystal. The crystal orientation was determined by X-ray diffraction and single-crystai EXAFS (Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure) measurements. In this complex, the three crystallographic axes, a, b, and c, are parallel or nearly parallel to the principal molecular axes of Mn-2(III,IV)O-2(phen)(4) as shown in the crystallographic data by Stebler et al. (Inorg. Chem. 1986, 25, 4743). This direct relation together with the resolved hyperfine lines significantly simplified the simulation of single-crystal spectra in the three principal directions due to the reduction of free parameters and, thus, allowed us to define the magnetic g and A tensors of the molecule with a high degree of reliability. These parameters were subsequently used to generate the solution EPR spectra at both X- and Q-bands with excellent agreement. The anisotropic g and hyperfine tensors determined by the simulation of the X- and Q-band single-crystal and solution EPR spectra are as follows: g(x) = 1.9887, g(y) = 1.9957, g(z) = 1.9775, and hyperfine coupling constants are A(x)(III) = \171\ G, A(y)(III) = \176\ G, A(z)(III) = \129\ G, A(x)(IV) = \77\ G, A(y)(IV) = \74\ G, A(z)(IV) = \80\ G. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Melvin Calvin Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Paris 11, Inst Chim Mol Orsay, UMR 8613, Chim Inorgan Lab, F-91405 Orsay, France. RP Yano, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Melvin Calvin Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jyano@lbl.gov; vkyachandra@lbl.gov FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM55302, R01 GM055302, R56 GM055302] NR 56 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JUN 23 PY 2004 VL 126 IS 24 BP 7486 EP 7495 DI 10.1021/ja038218j PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 830KM UT WOS:000222120900028 PM 15198595 ER PT J AU Yang, M Somorjai, GA AF Yang, M Somorjai, GA TI Adsorption and reactions of C-6 hydrocarbons at high pressures on Pt(111) single-crystal surfaces studied by sum frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy: Mechanisms of isomerization and dehydrocyclization of n-hexane SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID CATALYTIC-REACTIONS; METAL-SURFACES; IN-SITU; ETHYLENE HYDROGENATION; STRUCTURE SENSITIVITY; THERMAL-DESORPTION; ALKANES; DEHYDROGENATION; CYCLOHEXANE; MOLECULES AB The adsorption geometries and surface reactions of various C-6 hydrocarbons (n-hexane, 2-methylpentane, 3-methylpentane, and 1-hexene) adsorbed on Pt(111) were investigated using sum frequency generation (SFG) surface vibrational spectroscopy. The adsorptions and reactions were carried out in 1.5 Torr of C-6 hydrocarbons in the absence and presence of excess hydrogen (15 Torr) and in the temperature range 296-453 K. At 296 K and in the presence of excess hydrogen, n-hexane and 3-methylpentane adsorbed molecularly on Pt(111) mostly in "flat-lying" geometries. Upon heating the sample up to 453 K, the molecules underwent dehydrogenation to form new surface species in "standing-up" geometries, such as hexylidyne and metallacyclic species. However, 2-methylpentane and 1-hexene were dehydrogenated to metallacyclobutane and hexylidyne, respectively, at 296 K in the presence of excess hydrogen. The dehydrogenated species remained unreacted on the surface upon heating the sample up to 453 K. The absence of excess hydrogen enhanced dehydrogenation of n-hexane and 3-methylpentane to form pi-allyl c-C6H9 and metallacyclohexane, respectively, at 296 K. Upon heating to 453 K, the pi-allyl c-C6H9 species underwent irreversible dehydrogenation, while hexylidyne and metallacyclic species remained unreacted. On the basis of these results, the mechanisms for catalytic isomerization and dehydrocyclization of n-hexane, which are the important "reforming" reactions to produce high-octane fuels over platinum, were discussed. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Somorjai, GA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM somorjai@socrates.berkeley.edu NR 65 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 3 U2 25 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JUN 23 PY 2004 VL 126 IS 24 BP 7698 EP 7708 DI 10.1021/ja0361446 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 830KM UT WOS:000222120900051 PM 15198618 ER PT J AU Roberts, AG Bowman, MK Kramer, DM AF Roberts, AG Bowman, MK Kramer, DM TI The inhibitor DBMIB provides insight into the functional architecture of the qo site in the cytochrome b(6)f complex SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID IRON-SULFUR PROTEIN; BOVINE HEART-MITOCHONDRIA; PROTONMOTIVE Q-CYCLE; PHOTOSYNTHETIC ELECTRON-TRANSPORT; UBIQUINONE BINDING-CAPACITY; BC(1) COMPLEX; Q(O) SITE; DOMAIN MOVEMENT; ENERGY-CONVERSION; 2FE-2S CLUSTER AB Previously [Roberts, A. G., and Kramer, D. M. (2001) Biochemistry 40, 13407-13412], we showed that 2 equiv of the quinone analogue 2,5-dibromo-3-methyl-6-isopropylbenzoquinone (DBMIB) could occupy the Q(o) site of the cytochrome (cyt) b(6)f complex simultaneously. In this work, a study of electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectra from the oriented cyt b(6)f complex shows that the Rieske iron-sulfur protein (ISP) is in distinct orientations, depending on the stoichiometry of the inhibitor at the Q(o) site. With a single DBMIB at the Q(o) site, the ISP is oriented with the 2Fe-2S cluster toward cyt f, which is similar to the orientation of the ISP in the X-ray crystal structure of the cyt b(6)f complex from thermophilic cyanobacterium Mastigocladus laminosus in the presence of DBMIB, as well as that of the chicken mitochondrial cyt bc(1) complex in the presence of the class II inhibitor myxothiazol, which binds in the so-called "proximal niche", near the cyt b(L) heme. These data suggest that the high-affinity DBMIB site is at the proximal niche Q(o) pocket. With 2 equiv of DBMIB bound, the Rieske ISP is in a position that resembles the ISPB position of the chicken mitochondrial cyt bc(1) complex in the presence of stigmatellin and the Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cyt b(6)f complex in the presence of tridecylstigmatellin (TDS), which suggests that the low-affinity DBMIB site is at the distal niche. The close interaction of DBMIB bound at the distal niche with the ISP induced the well-known effects on the 2Fe-2S EPR spectrum and redox potential. To further test the effects of DBMIB on the ISP, the extents of cyt f oxidation after flash excitation in the presence of photosystem II inhibitor DCMU were measured as a function of DBMIB concentration in thylakoids. Addition of DBMIB concentrations at which a single binding was expected did not markedly affect the extent of cyt f oxidation, whereas higher concentrations, at which double occupancy was expected, increased the extent of cyt f oxidation to levels similar to that of cyt f oxidation in the presence of a saturating concentration of stigmatellin. Simulations of the EPR g-tensor orientations of the 2Fe-2S cluster versus the physical orientations based on single-crystal studies of the cyt bc(1) complex suggest that the soluble ISP domain of the spinach cyt b(6)f complex can rotate by at least 53degrees, which is consistent with long-range ISP domain movement. Implications of these results are discussed in the context of the X-ray crystal structures of the chicken mitochondrial cyt bc(1) complex and the M. laminosus and C. reinhardtii cyt b(6)f complexes. C1 Washington State Univ, Inst Biol Chem, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Battelle NW Labs, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Med Chem, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Kramer, DM (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Inst Biol Chem, 289 Clark Hall, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM dkramer@wsu.edu RI Bowman, Michael/F-4265-2011 OI Bowman, Michael/0000-0003-3464-9409 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM61904] NR 98 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD JUN 22 PY 2004 VL 43 IS 24 BP 7707 EP 7716 DI 10.1021/bi049521f PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 829QE UT WOS:000222063900007 PM 15196013 ER PT J AU Luo, SN Strachan, A Swift, DC AF Luo, SN Strachan, A Swift, DC TI Nonequilibrium melting and crystallization of a model Lennard-Jones system SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; CRYSTAL NUCLEATION; FREE-ENERGIES; SIMULATIONS; TRANSITIONS; COEXISTENCE; INTERFACE; LINDEMANN; LIMIT; WATER AB Nonequilibrium melting and crystallization of a model Lennard-Jones system were investigated with molecular dynamics simulations to quantify the maximum superheating/supercooling at fixed pressure, and over-pressurization/over-depressurization at fixed temperature. The temperature and pressure hystereses were found to be equivalent with regard to the Gibbs free energy barrier for nucleation of liquid or solid. These results place upper bounds on hysteretic effects of solidification and melting in high heating- and strain-rate experiments such as shock wave loading and release. The authors also demonstrate that the equilibrium melting temperature at a given pressure can be obtained directly from temperatures at the maximum superheating and supercooling on the temperature hysteresis; this approach, called the hysteresis method, is a conceptually simple and computationally inexpensive alternative to solid-liquid coexistence simulation and thermodynamic integration methods, and should be regarded as a general method. We also found that the extent of maximum superheating/supercooling is weakly pressure dependent, and the solid-liquid interfacial energy increases with pressure. The Lindemann fractional root-mean-squared displacement of solid and liquid at equilibrium and extreme metastable states is quantified, and is predicted to remain constant (0.14) at high pressures for solid at the equilibrium melting temperature. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Luo, SN (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM sluo@lanl.gov RI Luo, Sheng-Nian /D-2257-2010 OI Luo, Sheng-Nian /0000-0002-7538-0541 NR 47 TC 96 Z9 96 U1 4 U2 32 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUN 22 PY 2004 VL 120 IS 24 BP 11640 EP 11649 DI 10.1063/1.1755655 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 827NS UT WOS:000221907800036 PM 15268198 ER PT J AU Crowell, RA Lian, R Shkrob, IA Bartels, DM Chen, XY Bradforth, SE AF Crowell, RA Lian, R Shkrob, IA Bartels, DM Chen, XY Bradforth, SE TI Ultrafast dynamics for electron photodetachment from aqueous hydroxide SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Review ID VERTICAL IONIZATION-POTENTIALS; QUANTUM MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; TO-SOLVENT SPECTRA; LIQUID WATER; HYDRATED ELECTRON; PULSE-RADIOLYSIS; SOLVATED ELECTRONS; COMPUTER-SIMULATION; RELAXATION DYNAMICS; THRESHOLD PHOTODETACHMENT AB Charge-transfer-to-solvent reactions of hydroxide induced by 200 nm monophotonic or 337 and 389 nm biphotonic excitation of this anion in aqueous solution have been studied by means of pump probe ultrafast laser spectroscopy. Transient absorption kinetics of the hydrated electron, e(aq)(-), have been observed, from a few hundred femtoseconds out to 600 ps, and studied as function of hydroxide concentration and temperature. The geminate decay kinetics are bimodal, with a fast exponential component (similar to13 ps) and a slower power "tail" due to the diffusional escape of the electrons. For the biphotonic excitation, the extrapolated fraction of escaped electrons is 1.8 times higher than for the monophotonic 200 nm excitation (31% versus 17.5% at 25degreesC, respectively), due to the broadening of the electron distribution. The biphotonic electron detachment is very inefficient; the corresponding absorption coefficient at 400 nm is <4 cm TW-1 M-1 (assuming unity quantum efficiency for the photodetachment). For [OH-] between 10 mM and 10 M, almost no concentration dependence of the time profiles of solvated electron kinetics was observed. At higher temperature, the escape fraction of the electrons increases with a slope of 3 x 10(-3) K-1 and the recombination and diffusion-controlled dissociation of the close pairs become faster. Activation energies of 8.3 and 22.3 kJ/mol for these two processes were obtained. The semianalytical theory of Shushin for diffusion controlled reactions in the central force field was used to model the geminate dynamics. The implications of these results for photoionization of water are discussed. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ So Calif, Dept Chem, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. RP Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM rob_crowell@anl.gov; bartels@hertz.rad.nd.edu RI Bradforth, Stephen/B-5186-2008 OI Bradforth, Stephen/0000-0002-6164-3347 NR 108 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 3 U2 22 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 EI 1089-7690 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUN 22 PY 2004 VL 120 IS 24 BP 11712 EP 11725 DI 10.1063/1.1739213 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 827NS UT WOS:000221907800045 PM 15268207 ER PT J AU Gilbert, B Zhang, HZ Huang, F Banfield, JF Ren, Y Haskel, D Lang, JC Srajer, G Jurgensen, A Waychunas, GA AF Gilbert, B Zhang, HZ Huang, F Banfield, JF Ren, Y Haskel, D Lang, JC Srajer, G Jurgensen, A Waychunas, GA TI Analysis and simulation of the structure of nanoparticles that undergo a surface-driven structural transformation SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATION; ABSORPTION FINE-STRUCTURE; PAIR DISTRIBUTION-FUNCTIONS; NEAR-EDGE STRUCTURE; PHASE-STABILITY; THERMODYNAMIC ANALYSIS; MULTIPLE-SCATTERING; CDSE NANOCRYSTALS; ZINC-SULFIDE; EXAFS AB A room temperature solid-state structural transformation was observed in 3 nm ZnS nanoparticles in methanol following the addition of water (Zhang et al., Nature 424, 1025, 2003). Experimental wide angle x- ray scattering (WAXS), x-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) and extended x- ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy measurements show a large increase in crystallinity associated with water addition, in agreement with molecular dynamics (MD) predictions. Here we perform first-shell EXAFS and pair distribution function analysis and whole-nanoparticle calculations of WAXS, EXAFS and XANES to compare structural data with the MD predictions. The predicted WAXS patterns give excellent agreement with data, while the predicted EXAFS and XANES spectra give poor agreement. Relative to WAXS, XANES and EXAFS spectra contain additional structural information related to the distribution of disorder. The discrepancy between the x- ray diffraction and x- ray absorption results indicates that structural disorder is partitioned between interior and surface regions more strongly than predicted in the MD simulations. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Synchrotron Radiat, Canadian Synchrotron Radiat Facil, Stoughton, WI 53589 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM bgilbert@eps.berkeley.edu RI Gilbert, Benjamin/E-3182-2010 NR 53 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 32 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 EI 1089-7690 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUN 22 PY 2004 VL 120 IS 24 BP 11785 EP 11795 DI 10.1063/1.1752890 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 827NS UT WOS:000221907800051 PM 15268213 ER PT J AU Tikhonov, AM Pingali, SV Schlossman, ML AF Tikhonov, AM Pingali, SV Schlossman, ML TI Molecular ordering and phase transitions in alkanol monolayers at the water-hexane interface SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID X-RAY REFLECTIVITY; SUM-FREQUENCY SPECTROSCOPY; LANGMUIR MONOLAYERS; AIR/WATER INTERFACE; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; CHAIN MOLECULES; VIBRATIONAL SPECTROSCOPY; PHOSPHOLIPID MONOLAYERS; 1-ALCOHOL MONOLAYERS; 2D CRYSTALLIZATION AB The interface between bulk water and bulk hexane solutions of n-alkanols (H(CH(2))(m)OH, where m=20, 22, 24, or 30) is studied with x-ray reflectivity, x-ray off-specular diffuse scattering, and interfacial tension measurements. The alkanols adsorb to the interface to form a monolayer. The highest density, lowest temperature monolayers contain alkanol molecules with progressive disordering of the chain from the -CH(2)OH to the -CH(3) group. In the terminal half of the chain that includes the -CH(3) group the chain density is similar to that observed in bulk liquid alkanes just above their freezing temperature. The density in the alkanol headgroup region is 10% greater than either bulk water or the ordered headgroup region found in alkanol monolayers at the water-vapor interface. We conjecture that this higher density is a result of water penetration into the headgroup region of the disordered monolayer. A ratio of 1: 3 water to alkanol molecules is consistent with our data. We also place an upper limit of one hexane to five or six alkanol molecules mixed into the alkyl chain region of the monolayer. In contrast, H(CH(2))(30)OH at the water-vapor interface forms a close-packed, ordered phase of nearly rigid rods. Interfacial tension measurements as a function of temperature reveal a phase transition at the water-hexane interface with a significant change in interfacial excess entropy. This transition is between a low temperature interface that is nearly fully covered with alkanols to a higher temperature interface with a much lower density of alkanols. The transition for the shorter alkanols appears to be first order whereas the transition for the longer alkanols appears to be weakly first order or second order. The x-ray data are consistent with the presence of monolayer domains at the interface and determine the domain coverage (fraction of interface covered by alkanol domains) as a function of temperature. This temperature dependence is consistent with a theoretical model for a second order phase transition that accounts for the domain stabilization as a balance between line tension and long range dipole forces. Several aspects of our measurements indicate that the presence of domains represents the appearance of a spatially inhomogeneous phase rather than the coexistence of two homogeneous phases. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Chicago, Ctr Adv Radiat Sources, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Beamline X19C, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Chem, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. RP Tikhonov, AM (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Ctr Adv Radiat Sources, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. EM tikhonov@bnl.gov; schloss@uic.edu RI Tikhonov, Aleksey/N-1111-2016; OI Pingali, Sai Venkatesh/0000-0001-7961-4176 NR 90 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 22 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUN 22 PY 2004 VL 120 IS 24 BP 11822 EP 11838 DI 10.1063/1.1752888 PG 17 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 827NS UT WOS:000221907800055 PM 15268217 ER PT J AU Maurice, S Lawrence, DJ Feldman, WC Elphic, RC Gasnault, O AF Maurice, S Lawrence, DJ Feldman, WC Elphic, RC Gasnault, O TI Reduction of neutron data from lunar prospector SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS LA English DT Article DE gamma ray; Lunar Prospector; Moon ID EPITHERMAL NEUTRONS; GAMMA-RAY; SURFACE; SPECTROMETERS; ABUNDANCES; SPECTRA; TIO2; MOON; FLUX AB From January 1998 to July 1999, Lunar Prospector continuously measured the leakage flux of neutrons from the Moon in four distinct energy ranges from 0 eV to 8 MeV. These measurements were made using two 3 He tubes within the Neutron Spectrometer (NS) and the anticoincidence shield of the Gamma-Ray Spectrometer (GRS). This publication details the reduction of raw neutron data ( level 0) to develop four maps of neutron counting rates, which can be interpreted in terms of elemental composition of the lunar regolith. Details are given to convert level 0 data into level 1 data, where corrupted and unusable records have been removed because of transmission errors, solar energetic-particle events, or cross-talk with other instruments. At level 2, time series data have been corrected for observational biases and variations of the response function of the instruments. At level 3 the highest-quality neutron data (low-altitude, high time resolution) are mapped onto the Moon. The main characteristics of each map are, for thermal neutrons, energy range 0-0.4 eV, dynamic range 95%, precision 2.7%, and half width at half maximum (HWHM) resolution 23 km, in units of counts/8-s; for epithermal neutrons, energy range 0.4 eV < E < 0.7 MeV, dynamic range 15%, precision 1%, and HWHM resolution 22 km, in units of counts/8-s; for moderated neutrons, energy range 0-0.8 MeV, dynamic range 15%, precision 1.8%, and HWHM resolution < 45 km, in units of counts/32-s; and for fast neutrons, energy range 0.8-8 MeV, dynamic range 30%, precision 1.6%, and HWHM resolution 23 km, in units of counts/32-s. All maps are normalized to 30 km altitude, at the equator; and to the flux of cosmic rays in January 1998. They are presented as 720 x 360 arrays equally spaced in latitude and longitude. Results are reproducible from raw data that are available at the Planetary Data System (PDS), together with guidance and numerical values in this publication. C1 Observ Midi Pyrenees, Ctr Etud Spatiale Rayonnements, F-31400 Toulouse, France. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Maurice, S (reprint author), Observ Midi Pyrenees, Ctr Etud Spatiale Rayonnements, 9 Ave Colonel Roche, F-31400 Toulouse, France. EM sylvestre.maurice@cesr.fr RI Gasnault, Olivier/F-4327-2010; Lawrence, David/E-7463-2015 OI Gasnault, Olivier/0000-0002-6979-9012; Lawrence, David/0000-0002-7696-6667 NR 36 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9097 EI 2169-9100 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-PLANET JI J. Geophys. Res.-Planets PD JUN 22 PY 2004 VL 109 IS E7 AR E07S04 DI 10.1029/2003JE002208 PG 40 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 839IQ UT WOS:000222777700001 ER PT J AU Crooker, NU Forsyth, R Rees, A Gosling, JT Kahler, SW AF Crooker, NU Forsyth, R Rees, A Gosling, JT Kahler, SW TI Counterstreaming electrons in magnetic clouds near 5 AU SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE coronal mass ejections; heliospheric magnetic flux budget ID CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS; HIGH HELIOGRAPHIC LATITUDES; SOLAR-WIND; GEOMAGNETIC-ACTIVITY; FIELD LINES; FLUX; EVOLUTION; TOPOLOGY; EVENTS; DISTURBANCES AB Suprathermal electron pitch angle spectrograms were searched for counterstreaming signatures in 31 magnetic clouds identified in Ulysses data when the spacecraft was located similar to5 AU from the Sun. Under the assumption that counterstreaming indicates closed field lines, that is, field lines attached to the Sun at both ends, we find that the clouds range from 0 to 100% closed, with an average of 55% closed, and that the percentage of closed flux tends to increase with increasing cloud size. The results are similar to those found at 1 AU, implying that the rate at which a cloud opens, presumably by interchange reconnection back at the Sun, slows significantly as its leading edge moves further out into the heliosphere. C1 Boston Univ, Ctr Space Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, London SW7 2BW, England. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA. RP Crooker, NU (reprint author), Boston Univ, Ctr Space Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA. EM crooker@bu.edu; r.forsyth@ic.ac.uk; adam.rees@ic.ac.uk; jgosling@lanl.gov; stephen.kahler@hanscom.af.mil NR 36 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD JUN 22 PY 2004 VL 109 IS A6 AR A06110 DI 10.1029/2004JA010426 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 839IT UT WOS:000222778000006 ER PT J AU Kraack, H Ocko, BM Pershan, PS Sloutskin, E Tamam, L Deutsch, M AF Kraack, H Ocko, BM Pershan, PS Sloutskin, E Tamam, L Deutsch, M TI Fatty acid Langmuir films on liquid mercury: X-ray and surface tension studies SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID AIR-WATER-INTERFACE; BREWSTER-ANGLE MICROSCOPY; NORMAL-ALKANES; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; MONOLAYER PHASES; DENSITY PROFILE; VAPOR INTERFACE; DIFFRACTION; SCATTERING; ARCHITECTURES AB The structure and phase behavior of liquid-mercury-supported molecular films of fatty acids (CH3(CH2)(n-2)COOH, denoted CnOOH) were studied for molecular lengths 7 less than or equal to n less than or equal to 24, by surface tensiometry and X-ray methods. Two qualitatively different film structures were found, depending on coverage. For high coverage, the film consists of a monolayer of roughly surface-normal molecules, showing a pressure-dependent sequence of structures similar, though not identical, to that of the corresponding water-supported Langmuir films. At low coverage, phases consisting of surface-parallel molecules are found, not observed on the aqueous subphases employed to date. In this range, a two-dimensional (2D) gas followed by a single and, for 14 less than or equal to n less than or equal to 24, also by a double layer of surface-parallel molecules is found as coverage is increased. Depending on chain length, the flat-lying phases have a crystalline 2D-ordered, a smectic-like 1D-ordered, or a disordered in-plane structure consisting of molecular dimers. The structure and thermodynamics of the films are discussed. C1 Bar Ilan Univ, Dept Phys, IL-52900 Ramat Gan, Israel. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Deutsch, M (reprint author), Bar Ilan Univ, Dept Phys, IL-52900 Ramat Gan, Israel. EM deutsch@mail.biu.ac.il NR 64 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 3 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD JUN 22 PY 2004 VL 20 IS 13 BP 5375 EP 5385 DI 10.1021/la049977y PG 11 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 831DZ UT WOS:000222174800036 PM 15986676 ER PT J AU Kraack, H Ocko, BM Pershan, PS Sloutskin, E Tamam, L Deutsch, M AF Kraack, H Ocko, BM Pershan, PS Sloutskin, E Tamam, L Deutsch, M TI The structure and phase diagram of Langmuir films of alcohols on mercury SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; LIQUID-VAPOR INTERFACE; DENSITY PROFILE; MONOLAYERS; SURFACE; WATER; ARCHITECTURES; REFLECTIVITY; MIXTURES; ALKANES AB The coverage-dependent phase behavior of molecular films of alcohols (CH3(CH2)(n-2)CH2OH, denoted as CnOH) on mercury was studied for chain lengths 8 less than or equal to n less than or equal to 28, using surface tensiometry and surface specific X-ray methods. Phases with surface-normal-oriented molecules are found at high coverage, showing the CS, S, and LS phases found also on water. Phases comprising surface parallel molecules, which do not exist on water, are found here at low coverage. For the lowest coverage a two-dimensional gas phase is found, followed, upon increasing the coverage, by an n-dependent sequence of condensed phases of up to four layers of surface-parallel molecules before converting to the surface-normal phases. In contrast with the surface-normal phases, all of the surface-parallel phases are found to lack long-range order in the surface-parallel direction. Adsorption energies are derived from the phase diagram for the alkyl chain and the alcohol headgroup. C1 Bar Ilan Univ, Dept Phys, IL-52900 Ramat Gan, Israel. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Deutsch, M (reprint author), Bar Ilan Univ, Dept Phys, IL-52900 Ramat Gan, Israel. EM deutsch@mail.biu.ac.il NR 39 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD JUN 22 PY 2004 VL 20 IS 13 BP 5386 EP 5395 DI 10.1021/la0497954 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 831DZ UT WOS:000222174800037 PM 15986677 ER PT J AU Bunker, CE Harruff, BA Pathak, P Payzant, A Allard, LF Sun, YP AF Bunker, CE Harruff, BA Pathak, P Payzant, A Allard, LF Sun, YP TI Formation of cadmium sulfide nanoparticles in reverse micelles: Extreme sensitivity to preparation procedure SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID NANOSIZED PARTICLES; CDS NANOCLUSTERS; SOLID-SOLUTION; CRYSTALLITES; ENERGY; INSITU C1 USAF, Res Lab, Prop Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Clemson Univ, Dept Chem, Howard L Humter Chem Lab, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, High Temp Mat Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Bunker, CE (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Prop Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RI Payzant, Edward/B-5449-2009 OI Payzant, Edward/0000-0002-3447-2060 NR 20 TC 26 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD JUN 22 PY 2004 VL 20 IS 13 BP 5642 EP 5644 DI 10.1021/la049607 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 831DZ UT WOS:000222174800073 PM 15986713 ER PT J AU Gnanakaran, S Hochstrasser, RM Garcia, AE AF Gnanakaran, S Hochstrasser, RM Garcia, AE TI Nature of structural inhomogeneities on folding a helix and their influence on spectral measurements SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID EXCHANGE MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; ALANINE-BASED PEPTIDES; INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; ALPHA-HELIX; VIBRATIONAL SPECTROSCOPY; FTIR-SPECTROSCOPY; N-METHYLACETAMIDE; COIL TRANSITION; FORCE-FIELD; FAST EVENTS AB Extensive conformational sampling and calculations of vibrational coupling provide a quantitative basis for the structurally inhomogeneous spectra of the amide unit in aqueous solutions containing folded and unfolded state distributions of helices. Replica exchange molecular dynamics simulations of the capped helical peptide, AA(AAKAA)(3)AAY, is carried out over a range of temperatures, where the system populates the folded and unfolded states. This sampling defines a set of ensembles that characterizes the conformational variability for configurations identified by their fraction of helical content. The effects of hydrogen bonding, both internal and external (with water), and the coupling between amide-I modes are computed as a function of temperature and helical content. End-to-end distance and coupling distributions are also computed. The solvent H-bonding, which is present at all temperatures, shifts the amide-I band toward lower frequency compared with the unsolvated band. Upon thermal denaturation of the peptide, the amide-I band shifts to higher frequency because the increase in solvent H-bonding fails to compensate for the loss in internal (helical) H-bonds. The loss of uniformity of the mode coupling along the helix at higher temperatures accounts for the well-known thermal broadening of the amide IR spectrum. The calculated inhomogeneities of segments of the peptide predict experimental properties of isotope-edited helices. C1 Univ Penn, Dept Chem, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Hochstrasser, RM (reprint author), Univ Penn, Dept Chem, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM hochstra@sas.upenn.edu FU NCRR NIH HHS [P41 RR001348, RR01348]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM12592, R01 GM012592, R37 GM012592] NR 48 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 8 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JUN 22 PY 2004 VL 101 IS 25 BP 9229 EP 9234 DI 10.1073/pnas.0402933101 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 832PE UT WOS:000222278600013 PM 15197256 ER PT J AU Yan, Q Gambino, RJ Sampath, S Lewis, LH Li, L Baumberger, E Vaidya, A Xiong, H AF Yan, Q Gambino, RJ Sampath, S Lewis, LH Li, L Baumberger, E Vaidya, A Xiong, H TI Effects of zinc loss on the magnetic properties of plasma-sprayed MnZn ferrites SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE MnZn ferrite; plasma spray; splat ID MICROSTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT; MOLYBDENUM PARTICLES; SPLAT FORMATION; DEPOSITION; FILMS; OXIDATION AB Energy dispersive X-ray analysis performed on plasma-sprayed MnZn ferrite (MZF) single 'splats' shows a variation in zinc content within splats of different sizes after the spray process, even though the powder has the same starting stoichiometry. A simple model indicates that smaller particles have a higher zinc evaporation rate during the in-flight time. However, the significant decrease of zinc in smaller ferrite particles is mainly attributed to their large surface-to-volume ratio. Compositional differences due to a random cation distribution condition results in magnetic property variations among MZF splats. The coating inhomogeneity due to zinc loss increases the coercivity of the plasma-sprayed MnZn ferrites. The magnetic properties of the MnZn ferrites can be improved through long-range (diffusion) and short-range (ordering) cation redistribution upon low temperature annealing. (C) 2004 Acta Materialia, Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Mech Engn, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Mat Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Yan, Q (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. EM qiyan@ic.sunysb.edu RI Yan , Qingyu/A-2237-2011 NR 25 TC 30 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD JUN 21 PY 2004 VL 52 IS 11 BP 3347 EP 3353 DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2004.03.032 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 830LF UT WOS:000222122900016 ER PT J AU Ellis, AR Majumdar, A Choi, KK Reno, JL Tsui, DC AF Ellis, AR Majumdar, A Choi, KK Reno, JL Tsui, DC TI Binary superlattice quantum-well infrared photodetectors for long-wavelength broadband detection SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID BARRIER; LIGHT AB We have adopted a binary superlattice structure for long-wavelength broadband detection. In this superlattice, the basis contains two unequal wells, with which more energy states are created for broadband absorption. At the same time, responsivity is more uniform within the detection band because of mixing of wave functions from the two wells. This uniform line shape is particularly suitable for spectroscopy applications. The detector is designed to cover the entire 8-14 mum long-wavelength atmospheric window. The observed spectral widths are 5.2 and 5.6 mum for two nominally identical wafers. The photoresponse spectra from both wafers are nearly unchanged over a wide range of operating bias and temperature. The background-limited temperature is 50 K at 2 V bias for F/1.2 optics. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Princeton Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Majumdar, A (reprint author), Intel Corp, Components Res, 5200 NE Elam Young Pkwy, Hillsboro, OR 97124 USA. EM amlan.majumdar@intel.com RI Choi, Kwong-Kit/K-9205-2013 NR 14 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 21 PY 2004 VL 84 IS 25 BP 5127 EP 5129 DI 10.1063/1.1764932 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 830HD UT WOS:000222111800020 ER PT J AU Hoagland, RG Hirth, JP Misra, A Mitlin, D AF Hoagland, RG Hirth, JP Misra, A Mitlin, D TI Influence of surface steps on glide of threading dislocations during layer growth SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MULTILAYER STRUCTURES; MISFIT DISLOCATION; HETEROSTRUCTURES; THICKNESS AB We discuss the relaxation of coherency stresses by glide of threading dislocations in a layer that is growing coherently on a substrate. Glide of threading dislocations becomes energetically favorable when the thickness of the layer exceeds a critical value, h(c). Predicted values of h(c) are often less than indicated by experimental observations. We show that the energy associated with the creation or removal of steps on the surface of a growing layer is important in determining the h(c) associated with glide of threading dislocations. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Hoagland, RG (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM hoagland@lanl.gov RI Hoagland, Richard/G-9821-2012; Misra, Amit/H-1087-2012; Mitlin , David /M-5328-2016 OI Mitlin , David /0000-0002-7556-3575 NR 14 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 21 PY 2004 VL 84 IS 25 BP 5136 EP 5138 DI 10.1063/1.1765199 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 830HD UT WOS:000222111800023 ER PT J AU Siegal, MP Overmyer, DL Kaatz, FH AF Siegal, MP Overmyer, DL Kaatz, FH TI Controlling the site density of multiwall carbon nanotubes via growth conditions SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; FIELD-EMISSION; ARRAYS; DISPLAY; FILMS AB We present two complementary methods for controlling the site density of multiwall carbon nanotubes (CNTs) directly as a function of growth conditions from 10(11) to 10(7) CNTs/cm(2). Several potential applications require significant spacing between individual CNTs. The first method shows that the site density varies with the heat of formation of the hydrocarbon gas used during CNT growth by thermal chemical vapor deposition. The second method demonstrates that the site density decreases with increasing residual stress of the metal catalyst/diffusion barrier layers. These methods are combined for wide-range control of CNT site density. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Siegal, MP (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM mpsiega@sandia.gov NR 21 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 21 PY 2004 VL 84 IS 25 BP 5156 EP 5158 DI 10.1063/1.1765741 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 830HD UT WOS:000222111800030 ER PT J AU Du, Y Atha, S Hull, R Groves, JF Lyubinetsky, I Baer, DR AF Du, Y Atha, S Hull, R Groves, JF Lyubinetsky, I Baer, DR TI Focused-ion-beam directed self-assembly of Cu2O islands on SrTiO3(100) SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID WATER; IRRADIATION; SURFACE AB Nanoscale islands of Cu2O have been synthesized on single-crystal SrTiO3 (100) substrates using oxygen plasma-assisted molecular-beam epitaxy (MBE). Island growth location has been controlled by using an ex situ Ga+ focused ion beam (FIB) to modify the growth surface in discrete locations prior to island synthesis. The FIB modifications have generated surface topography with lateral dimensions of 150-200 nm. Ex situ atomic force microscopy study after island growth reveals that certain FIB substrate modification and MBE growth condition combinations lead to directed self-assembly of metal oxide islands at the edges of the FIB modified zones. (C) 2004 American Instsitute of Physics. C1 Univ Virginia, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Du, Y (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. EM jgroves@virginia.edu RI Baer, Donald/J-6191-2013 OI Baer, Donald/0000-0003-0875-5961 NR 15 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 21 PY 2004 VL 84 IS 25 BP 5213 EP 5215 DI 10.1063/1.1765212 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 830HD UT WOS:000222111800049 ER PT J AU Cameron, TM Gordon, JC Scott, BL Tumas, W AF Cameron, TM Gordon, JC Scott, BL Tumas, W TI C-H activation of a 2,2 '-bipyridine ligand within (mono) pentamethylcyclopentadienyl lutetium complexes SO CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID RARE-EARTH-METALS; ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY; ALPHA,ALPHA-DISUBSTITUTED-2,6-PYRIDINEDIMETHOXIDE LIGANDS; LANTHANIDES; REACTIVITY; ACTINIDES; PYRIDINE AB We report the activation of a 2,2'-bipyridine ligand within a class of (mono)cyclopentadienyl lanthanide complexes when reacted with carbon monoxide. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Cameron, TM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, MS J-514, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. EM tcameron@lanl.gov RI Scott, Brian/D-8995-2017 OI Scott, Brian/0000-0003-0468-5396 NR 18 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 4 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1359-7345 J9 CHEM COMMUN JI Chem. Commun. PD JUN 21 PY 2004 IS 12 BP 1398 EP 1399 DI 10.1039/b405039h PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 834LL UT WOS:000222412500025 PM 15179483 ER PT J AU Townsend, D Lee, SK Suits, AG AF Townsend, D Lee, SK Suits, AG TI Orbital polarization from DC slice imaging: S(D-1(2)) alignment in the photodissociation of ethylene sulfide SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE reaction dynamics; photodissociation; stereodynamics; vector correlations; ion imaging ID ANGULAR-MOMENTUM DISTRIBUTIONS; PHOTOFRAGMENT ALIGNMENT; VACUUM-ULTRAVIOLET; 193 NM; DISSOCIATION; VELOCITY; PHOTOLYSIS; COHERENCE; ATOMS; CL-2 AB DC slice imaging [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 74 (2003) 2530], a recently developed high-resolution 'slicing' approach that directly provides the full 3D product distribution in imaging experiments, has been adapted to yield the absolute speed-dependent angular momentum alignment anisotropy parameters in a photodissociation experiment. We present the theoretical machinery for interpretation of a small basis set of sliced experimental images recorded under different laser polarization geometries and then demonstrate its application in the study of electronic orbital angular momentum alignment of excited state S(D-1(2)) atoms following 193.3 nm photodissociation of ethylene sulfide. We find the slicing approach to be a highly sensitive and widely applicable technique for the study of orbital polarization, even in instances where the magnitude of such effects is small. The approach outlined here represents a direct route to the determination of recoil-angle dependent orbital alignment for a continuous range of photofragment kinetic energy release. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Suits, AG (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. EM arthur.suits@sunysb.edu RI Townsend, Dave/K-3461-2015 NR 44 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0301-0104 EI 1873-4421 J9 CHEM PHYS JI Chem. Phys. PD JUN 21 PY 2004 VL 301 IS 2-3 BP 197 EP 208 DI 10.1016/j.chemphys.2003.10.020 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 828NN UT WOS:000221980100006 ER PT J AU Wade, EA Lorenz, KT Chandler, DW Barr, JW Barnes, GL Cline, JI AF Wade, EA Lorenz, KT Chandler, DW Barr, JW Barnes, GL Cline, JI TI Ion imaging studies of product rotational alignment in collisions of NO (X-2 Pi(1/2), j=0.5) with Ar SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DIFFERENTIAL CROSS-SECTIONS; FINE-STRUCTURE TRANSITIONS; POTENTIAL-ENERGY SURFACES; INELASTIC-SCATTERING; PRESERVING PROPENSITIES; COUNTERPROPAGATING BEAM; MOLECULAR-COLLISIONS; STERIC ASYMMETRY; POLARIZATION; HE AB The collision-induced rotational alignment of NO (X(2)Pi(1/2), v = 0, j = 4.5, 8.5, 11.5, 12.5, and 15.5) is measured for rotationally inelastic scattering of NO (X(2)Pi(1/2), v = 0, j = 0.5) with Ar at 520 +/- 70 cm(-1) of center-of-mass collision energy. The experiments are performed by velocity-mapped ion imaging with polarized 1 + 1' REMPI of the scattered NO product. Differential cross-sections (DCSs), corrected for alignment effects, are also reported. While the alignment correction is important, it does not change the positions of the observed rotational rainbows. The alignment moments and DCSs are compared with calculations using Alexander's CCSD(T) PESs. The theoretical and experimental DCSs show excellent agreement, as do the theoretical and experimental alignment moments for low Delta(j). For high Delta(j) collisions and back-scattered trajectories, which sample the hard wall of the PES, the theoretical and experimental alignment moments show less agreement. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Nevada, Dept Chem, Reno, NV 89557 USA. Univ Nevada, Chem Phys Program, Reno, NV 89557 USA. RP Wade, EA (reprint author), Mills Coll, Dept Chem & Phys, 5000 MacArthur Blvd, Oakland, CA 94613 USA. EM ewade@mills.edu; chand@sandia.gov; cline@chem.unr.edu RI Barnes, George/A-3552-2011; Barnes, George/D-6951-2012 NR 60 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0301-0104 J9 CHEM PHYS JI Chem. Phys. PD JUN 21 PY 2004 VL 301 IS 2-3 BP 261 EP 272 DI 10.1016/j.chemphys.2004.02.014 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 828NN UT WOS:000221980100012 ER PT J AU Wodtke, AM Hansen, N Robinson, JC Sveum, NE Goncher, SJ Neumark, DM AF Wodtke, AM Hansen, N Robinson, JC Sveum, NE Goncher, SJ Neumark, DM TI The Cl to NCl branching ratio in 248-nm photolysis of chlorine azide SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID 1.315 MU-M; ENERGY-TRANSFER; CHAIN DECOMPOSITION; NCL(A(1)DELTA); PHOTODISSOCIATION; IODINE; LASER; NM; SPECTROMETER; DETECTOR AB The primary reaction products from 248-nm chlorine azide photolysis are identified in a collision-free experiment. In contrast to all previous reports, the radical channel producing Cl + N-3 (95 +/- 3%) is seen to dominate the photochemistry. The molecular channel producing NCl + N-2 (5 +/- 3%) was also observed. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Chem & Biochem, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Wodtke, AM (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Chem & Biochem, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. EM wodtke@chem.ucsb.edu RI Neumark, Daniel/B-9551-2009; Hansen, Nils/G-3572-2012; Wodtke, Alec/I-4848-2012; OI Neumark, Daniel/0000-0002-3762-9473; Wodtke, Alec/0000-0002-6509-2183 NR 27 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 21 PY 2004 VL 391 IS 4-6 BP 334 EP 337 DI 10.1016/j.cplett.2004.04.113 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 831WU UT WOS:000222228000025 ER PT J AU Chen, J Bhattacharya, RN Ren, ZF AF Chen, J Bhattacharya, RN Ren, ZF TI Processing of electroplated Bi-2212/Ag tapes using a melt-quench and annealing method SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID FIELD; ELECTRODEPOSITION; SUPERCONDUCTORS; MAGNETIZATION AB BI-2212 precursor films were deposited on both sides of polycrystalline Ag tapes by electrodeposition. After a melt-quench and annealing process, highly c-axis textured BI-2212 films were obtained on Ag tapes. The full-width at half-maximum of the (008) rocking curve was around 5.8degrees, and scanning electron microscopy measurements indicated that the Bi-2212 films had a dense and melted plate-like structure. The superconducting transition temperature, T-c (zero resistance), was about 82.4 K, and a critical current density, J(c) (75 K, 0T), of 29 kA cm(-2) was observed in transport measurements. A J(c) (4.2 K, 0T) value of about 0.3 MA cm(-2) was calculated from magnetization measurements. The mechanism of formation of the Bi-2212 superconductor in the melt-quench and annealing process is discussed. C1 Boston Coll, Dept Phys, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 USA. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Chen, J (reprint author), Boston Coll, Dept Phys, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 USA. EM jun_chen@nrel.gov RI Ren, Zhifeng/B-4275-2014 NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0022-3727 J9 J PHYS D APPL PHYS JI J. Phys. D-Appl. Phys. PD JUN 21 PY 2004 VL 37 IS 12 BP 1685 EP 1689 AR PII S0022-3727(04)72976-9 DI 10.1088/0022-3727/37/12/013 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 835LX UT WOS:000222486000014 ER PT J AU Zachos, C AF Zachos, C TI Comment on "Noncommutativity as a possible origin of the ultrahigh-energy cosmic ray and the TeV photon paradoxes" SO MODERN PHYSICS LETTERS A LA English DT Editorial Material DE ultra-high-energy cosmic rays; deformation of Lorentz invariance; non-commutativity ID INVARIANCE VIOLATION; HARMONIC-OSCILLATOR; Q-ANALOGS; TESTS AB A Lorentz-noninvariant modification of the kinematic dispersion law was proposed in Ref. 1, claimed to be derivable from q-deformed noncommutative theory, and argued to evade ultrahigh energy threshold anomalies (trans-GKZ-cutoff cosmic rays and TeV-photons) by raising the respective thresholds. It is pointed out that such dispersion laws do not follow from deformed oscillator systems, and the proposed dispersion law is invalidated by tachyonic propagation, as well as photon instability, in addition to the process considered. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Zachos, C (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM zachos@anl.gov RI zachos, cosmas/C-4366-2014 OI zachos, cosmas/0000-0003-4379-3875 NR 26 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0217-7323 EI 1793-6632 J9 MOD PHYS LETT A JI Mod. Phys. Lett. A PD JUN 21 PY 2004 VL 19 IS 19 BP 1483 EP 1487 DI 10.1142/S0217732304014082 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 832HG UT WOS:000222257500007 ER PT J AU Wei, XD Bade, CM Caracappa, A Kageya, T Lincoln, FC Lowry, MM Mahon, JC Sandorfi, AM Thorn, CE Whisnant, CS AF Wei, XD Bade, CM Caracappa, A Kageya, T Lincoln, FC Lowry, MM Mahon, JC Sandorfi, AM Thorn, CE Whisnant, CS TI New improvements leading to higher polarization frozen spin HD targets at the LEGS facility SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Workshop on Polarized Solid Targets and Techniques CY OCT 27-29, 2003 CL Bad Honnef, GERMANY DE HD; polarized target; frozen spin; brute force polarization ID SOLID HD; RELAXATION AB Double polarization experiments at the Laser Electron Gamma Source (LEGS) at Brookhaven National Laboratory have been performed with polarized photon beams and a polarized Hydrogen Deuteride (HD) frozen spin target. After polarizing at 15 T and 17 mK and subsequently reaching a frozen spin mode, a target was cold extracted (at 2.5 K and 0.016 T) and installed into an In-Beam Cryostat (IBC) which held the target at 0.7 T and 1.25 K. In-beam relaxation times of 13 days for polarized hydrogen and 36 days for polarized deuterium have been measured. Data were taken with 30% polarized-H and 6% polarized-D, although higher polarization levels have been achieved. Several new improvements are being implemented to improve the operating parameters of polarized HD targets. These include the fabrication of a vibration isolator to lower the polarizing temperature, the purchase of a new IBC to reach longer in-beam relaxation times with higher field and lower temperature (I T and 200 mK), the construction of a new cold transfer cryostat with a higher field (0.13 T) to reduce polarization loss during target transfers, and the installation of a much improved NMR system for polarization calibration and online monitoring. A summary of the existing data, the ongoing modifications and projection for future performance will be discussed. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Ohio Univ, Athens, OH 45701 USA. Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. James Madison Univ, Harrisonburg, VA 22807 USA. RP Wei, XD (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, POB 5000, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM xwei@bnl.gov NR 14 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 21 PY 2004 VL 526 IS 1-2 BP 157 EP 162 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2004.03.168 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 830OH UT WOS:000222131500027 ER PT J AU Vasbinder, MJ Espenson, JH AF Vasbinder, MJ Espenson, JH TI Nucleophilic assistance in rhenium-catalyzed oxygen atom transfer SO ORGANOMETALLICS LA English DT Article ID PYRIDINE N-OXIDES; CONSTANTS; KINETICS; MONOMERIZATION; MECHANISM; OXIDATION; COMPLEXES; DIMER AB Oxygen atom transfer from pyridine N-oxides (PyO) to triphenylphosphine is catalyzed by MeReO-(mtp)PPh3, 1, where mtpH(2) is 2-(mercaptomethyl)thiophenol, at a rate given by v = k(c)[1][PyO](2)/[PPh3]. When, however, other nucleophiles N are added, the rate law becomes v = k(N)[1]PYO][N]/[PPh3], and values of k(N) correlate with the nucleophilic strength of the added cocatalyst N. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Espenson, JH (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 17 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0276-7333 J9 ORGANOMETALLICS JI Organometallics PD JUN 21 PY 2004 VL 23 IS 13 BP 3355 EP 3358 DI 10.1021/om0498448 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 830AJ UT WOS:000222093700041 ER PT J AU Li, WG Johnson, CL Wang, HL AF Li, WG Johnson, CL Wang, HL TI Preparation and characterization of monolithic polyaniline-graphite composite actuators SO POLYMER LA English DT Article DE polyaniline; actuator; graphite ID CONDUCTING POLYMERS; ARTIFICIAL MUSCLES; POLYPYRROLE; REDOX; TRANSPORT AB We report here the fabrication and characterization of novel, monolithic electrochemical actuators based on polyaniline (PANI) and a micrometer-sized graphite powder. These PANI-graphite thin films have a graphite-rich layer that renders composite thin film conductive at all redox states. The asymmetric distribution of graphite also allows for a bending movement as the films are subjected to electrochemical oxidation and reduction. The unique asymmetric structure and high conductivity of the films allow the actuators to be operated at lower redox potentials, with larger bending angles and longer life cycles. Our study also shows that most of the bending movements occur during the transition between the emeraldine base and the pernigraniline base. Judging from the CV and from the current generated when the square wave potential is applied. we note that the actuators appear very stable and show no signs of degradation after 50,000 working cycles operated at 1 Hz. The life cycles of these actuators exceed 120,000 cycles (> 33.6 h) in a 1.0 M CH3SO3H aqueous solution. As we extend the oxidation potential to greater than 0.8 V, the PANI-graphite thin film starts to degrade with time. These results reveal the optimum conditions under which the actuators should be operated. (C) 2004 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Wang, HL (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, MSJ586,POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM hwang@lanl.gov NR 22 TC 23 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0032-3861 J9 POLYMER JI Polymer PD JUN 21 PY 2004 VL 45 IS 14 BP 4769 EP 4775 DI 10.1016/j.polymer.2004.05.010 PG 7 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 832RC UT WOS:000222283600018 ER PT J AU Atkins, R Benbow, W Berley, D Blaufuss, E Bussons, J Coyne, DG DeYoung, T Dingus, BL Dorfan, DE Ellsworth, RW Fleysher, L Fleysher, R Gisler, G Gonzalez, MM Goodman, JA Haines, TJ Hays, E Hoffman, CM Kelley, LA Lansdell, CP Linnemann, JT McEnery, JE Miller, RS Mincer, AI Morales, MF Nemethy, P Noyes, D Ryan, JM Samuelson, FW Shoup, A Sinnis, G Smith, AJ Sullivan, GW Williams, DA Westerhoff, S Wilson, ME Xu, XW Yodh, GB AF Atkins, R Benbow, W Berley, D Blaufuss, E Bussons, J Coyne, DG DeYoung, T Dingus, BL Dorfan, DE Ellsworth, RW Fleysher, L Fleysher, R Gisler, G Gonzalez, MM Goodman, JA Haines, TJ Hays, E Hoffman, CM Kelley, LA Lansdell, CP Linnemann, JT McEnery, JE Miller, RS Mincer, AI Morales, MF Nemethy, P Noyes, D Ryan, JM Samuelson, FW Shoup, A Sinnis, G Smith, AJ Sullivan, GW Williams, DA Westerhoff, S Wilson, ME Xu, XW Yodh, GB TI TeV gamma-ray survey of the northern hemisphere sky using the Milagro observatory SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies : active; gamma rays : observations; surveys ID HIGH-ENERGY; CRAB-NEBULA; POINT SOURCES; ABSORPTION; RADIATION; SPECTRUM AB Milagro is a water Cerenkov extensive air shower array that continuously monitors the entire overhead sky in the TeV energy band. The results from an analysis of similar to3 yr of data (2000 December-2003 November) are presented. The data have been searched for steady point sources of TeV gamma rays between declinations of 1.degrees1 and 80degrees. Two sources are detected, the Crab Nebula and the active galaxy Mrk 421. For the remainder of the northern hemisphere, we set 95% confidence level (CL) upper limits between 275 and 600 mcrab (4.8 x 10(-12) to 10.5 x 10(-12) cm(-2) s(-1)) above 1 TeV for source declinations between 5degrees and 70degrees. Since the sensitivity of Milagro depends on the spectrum of the source at the top of the atmosphere, the dependence of the limits on the spectrum of a candidate source is presented. Because high-energy gamma rays from extragalactic sources are absorbed by interactions with the extragalactic background light, the dependence of the flux limits on the redshift of a candidate source are given. The upper limits presented here are over an order of magnitude more stringent than previously published limits from TeV gamma-ray all-sky surveys. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. NYU, New York, NY 10003 USA. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92717 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Sinnis, G (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS H803, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM gus@lanl.gov RI Hays, Elizabeth/D-3257-2012; OI Mincer, Allen/0000-0002-6307-1418; Dingus, Brenda/0000-0001-8451-7450 NR 19 TC 60 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 20 PY 2004 VL 608 IS 2 BP 680 EP 685 DI 10.1086/420880 PN 1 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 831HA UT WOS:000222184300006 ER PT J AU Bell, JB Day, MS Rendleman, CA Woosley, SE Zingale, M AF Bell, JB Day, MS Rendleman, CA Woosley, SE Zingale, M TI Direct numerical simulations of type Ia supernovae flames. II. The Rayleigh-Taylor instability SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE conduction; hydrodynamics; methods : numerical; nuclear,reactions, nucleosynthesis, abundances; supernovae : general; white dwarfs ID NUCLEAR FLAMES; WHITE-DWARFS; THERMONUCLEAR FLAMES; DETONATION MODEL; DEFLAGRATIONS; PROPAGATION; EXPLOSIONS; TRANSITION; FLUIDS; RATES AB A Type la supernova explosion likely begins as a nuclear runaway near the center of a carbon-oxygen white dwarf. The outward-propagating flame is unstable to the Landau-Darrieus, Rayleigh-Taylor, and Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities, which serve to accelerate it to a large fraction of the speed of sound. We investigate the Rayleigh-Taylor unstable flame at the transition from the flamelet regime to the distributed burning regime, around densities of 10(7) g cm(-3), through detailed, fully resolved simulations. A low Mach number, adaptive mesh hydrodynamics code is used to achieve the necessary resolution and long timescales. As the density is varied, we see a fundamental change in the character of the burning: at the low end of the density range, the Rayleigh-Taylor instability dominates the burning, whereas at the high end, the burning suppresses the instability. In all cases, significant acceleration of the flame is observed, limited only by the size of the domain we are able to study. We discuss the implications of these results on the potential for a deflagration to detonation transition. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Ctr Computat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. RP Bell, JB (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Ctr Computat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. OI Zingale, Michael/0000-0001-8401-030X NR 58 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 2 U2 5 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 20 PY 2004 VL 608 IS 2 BP 883 EP 906 DI 10.1086/420841 PN 1 PG 24 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 831HA UT WOS:000222184300023 ER PT J AU Riley, P Gosling, JT Crooker, NU AF Riley, P Gosling, JT Crooker, NU TI Ulysses observations of the magnetic connectivity between coronal mass ejections and the sun SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE solar wind; sun : activity; sun : corona; sun : coronal mass ejections (CMEs); sun : magnetic fields ID SOLAR-WIND; CLOUDS; ORIGIN; FIELD AB We have investigated the magnetic connectivity of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) to the Sun using Ulysses observations of suprathermal electrons at various distances between 1 and 5.2 AU. Drawing on ideas concerning the eruption and evolution of CMEs, we had anticipated that there might be a tendency for CMEs to contain progressively more open field lines, as reconnection back at the Sun either opened or completely disconnected previously closed field lines threading the CMEs. Our results, however, did not yield any discernible trend. By combining the potential contribution of CMEs to the heliospheric flux with the observed buildup of flux during the course of the solar cycle, we also derive a lower limit for the reconnection rate of CMEs that is sufficient to avoid the "flux catastrophe" paradox. This rate is well below our threshold of detectability. C1 Sci Applicat Int Corp, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Boston Univ, Ctr Space Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA. RP Riley, P (reprint author), Sci Applicat Int Corp, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. EM pete.riley@saic.com; jgosling@lasl.gov; crooker@lanl.gov NR 17 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 20 PY 2004 VL 608 IS 2 BP 1100 EP 1105 DI 10.1086/420811 PN 1 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 831HA UT WOS:000222184300040 ER PT J AU Farihi, J Becklin, EE Macintosh, BA AF Farihi, J Becklin, EE Macintosh, BA TI Mid-infrared observations of Van Maanen 2: No substellar companion SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE binaries : general; stars : individual (van Maanen 2); stars : low-mass; brown dwarfs; white dwarfs ID FINAL MASS RELATION; WHITE-DWARFS; BROWN DWARFS; T-DWARFS; TELESCOPE; FACILITY; STARS AB The results of a comprehensive infrared imaging search for the putative 0.06 M-circle dot astrometric companion to the 4.4 pc white dwarf van Mannen 2 are reported. Adaptive optics images acquired at 3.8 mum reveal a diffractionlimited core of 0".09 and no direct evidence of a secondary. Models predict that at 5 Gyr, a 50M, brown dwarf would be only I mag fainter than van Maanen 2 at this wavelength, and the astrometric analysis suggested a separation of 0".2. In the case of a chance alignment along the line of sight, a 0.4 mag excess should be measured. An independent photometric observation at the same wavelength reveals no excess. In addition, there exist published Infrared Space Observatory observations of van Maanen 2 at 6.8 and 15.0 mum that are consistent with the photospheric flux of a 6750 K white dwarf. If recent brown dwarf models are correct, there is no substellar companion with T-eff greater than or similar to 500 K. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Farihi, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, 8371 Math Sci Bldg, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM jfarihi@astro.ucla.edu; becklin@astro.ucla.edu; bmac@igpp.llnl.gov OI Farihi, Jay/0000-0003-1748-602X NR 18 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 20 PY 2004 VL 608 IS 2 BP L109 EP L112 DI 10.1086/422502 PN 2 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 831HB UT WOS:000222184400009 ER PT J AU Ostrom, H Fohlisch, A Nyberg, M Weinelt, M Heske, C Pettersson, LGM Nilsson, A AF Ostrom, H Fohlisch, A Nyberg, M Weinelt, M Heske, C Pettersson, LGM Nilsson, A TI Ethylene on Cu(110) and Ni(110): electronic structure and bonding derived from X-ray spectroscopy and theory SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE chemisorption; alkenes; density functional calculations; X-ray absorption spectroscopy; X-ray emission; surface electronic phenomena (work function; surface potential,surface states, etc.) ID ENERGY-LOSS SPECTROSCOPY; CORE-LEVEL SPECTROSCOPY; NOBLE-METAL SURFACES; K-SHELL EXCITATION; EMISSION-SPECTROSCOPY; PHOTOELECTRON DIFFRACTION; ABSORPTION-SPECTROSCOPY; ADSORPTION GEOMETRY; ORIENTED MOLECULES; SHAPE RESONANCES AB The bonding of ethylene to Cu(110) and Ni(110) is analyzed in detail using symmetry-resolved X-ray absorption (XAS) and emission (XES) spectroscopies in conjunction with density functional theory (DFT) calculations of geometric structure and spectra. XES, which probes the occupied valence states, reveals the formation of bonding and non-bonding orbitals of pi-3d as well as pi*-3d character. Additional mixing of sigma and pi states indicates rehybridization upon adsorption. The anti-bonding pi-3d and pi*-3d combinations are unoccupied and seen in XAS. A lower intensity of the pi* transition for Ni is evidence of larger pi* occupancy upon bonding. The position of the sigma* shape-resonance indicates a 0.02 Angstrom longer C-C bond on Ni than on Cu, in good agreement with the DFT structure optimizations. The XE spectra are well-reproduced both by specific spectrum calculations based on cluster models and by the carbon p-density of states calculated using periodic boundary conditions. The contribution of both pi and pi* levels to the new, surface-induced occupied states close to the Fermi-level tends support to the traditional Dewar-Chatt-Duncan son picture of the bonding. Theoretical charge-density difference plots support an alternative view of ethylene bonding in terms of the specific involvement of the excited molecular triplet state. Based on the variation in XE intensities the main difference between ethylene bonding to Cu and Ni is found to be an about two times larger occupancy of the pi* orbital upon chemisorption on the transition metal, which comes along with C-C bond elongation and stronger sigma-pi rehybridization. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Stockholm Univ, Fysikum, AlbaNova Univ Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. Univ Hamburg, Inst Phys Expt, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany. Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Lehrstuhl Festkorperphys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany. Univ Nevada, Dept Chem, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Ostrom, H (reprint author), Stockholm Univ, Fysikum, AlbaNova Univ Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. EM ostrom@physto.se; nilsson@slac.stanford.edu RI Nilsson, Anders/E-1943-2011; Pettersson, Lars/F-8428-2011; Pettersson, Lars/J-4925-2013; OI Nilsson, Anders/0000-0003-1968-8696; Pettersson, Lars/0000-0003-1133-9934; Alexander, Fohlisch/0000-0003-4126-8233 NR 58 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD JUN 20 PY 2004 VL 559 IS 2-3 BP 85 EP 99 DI 10.1016/j.susc.2004.04.041 PG 15 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 830WR UT WOS:000222155400006 ER PT J AU Zhou, GW Yang, JC AF Zhou, GW Yang, JC TI In situ UHV-TEM investigation of the kinetics of initial stages of oxidation on the roughened Cu(110) surface SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE copper; oxidation; surface structure; morphology; roughness; and topography; electron microscopy; nucleation; surface diffusion ID COPPER 110 SURFACE; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; INSITU OBSERVATION; SINGLE-CRYSTAL; TEMPERATURE; CU2O; CU(001); GROWTH; NUCLEATION; MICROSCOPY AB The initial stages of oxidation on roughened Cu(110) surface were explored by an in situ ultra-high vacuum transmission electron microscope (UHV-TEM). The dynamic observation of the nucleation and growth of Cu oxide islands shows a highly enhanced nucleation rate on the roughened Cu(110) surface. The kinetic data obtained from the initial stages of the oxidation indicate that oxygen surface diffusion plays a dominant role in the nucleation of the oxide islands; however, the growth of the three-dimensional oxide islands is caused by both oxygen surface diffusion and direct impingement. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. RP Zhou, GW (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, 9700 S Cass Ave,Bldg 212, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM gzhou@anl.gov NR 30 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 5 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD JUN 20 PY 2004 VL 559 IS 2-3 BP 100 EP 110 DI 10.1016/j.susc.2004.04.046 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 830WR UT WOS:000222155400007 ER PT J AU Gao, W Wang, CM Wang, HQ Henrich, VE Altman, EI AF Gao, W Wang, CM Wang, HQ Henrich, VE Altman, EI TI Growth and surface structure of vanadium oxide on anatase(001) SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE growth; surface structure; morphology; roughness and topography; vanadium oxide; titanium oxide; reflection highenergy electron diffraction (RHEED); low energy electron diffraction (LEED) ID CATALYSTS; MODEL; V2O5; REACTIVITY; TIO2(001); TIO2(110); FILMS; MICROSCOPE; OXIDATION; V2O5/TIO2 AB Oxygen plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy (OPA-MBE) of vanadium oxide on (1x4)-reconstructed anatase (001) thin films was studied using reflection high energy electron diffraction (RHEED), low energy electron diffraction (LEED), X-ray and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS and UPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). XPS and UPS results showed that the vanadium was predominantly in the 5+ oxidation state after deposition of a monolayer at 525 K. After 1 ML of vanadia, was deposited, the anatase (1x4)/(4x1) LEED and RHEED patterns were replaced by (1x1) patterns indicating that the vanadia lifts the reconstruction and sugesting that the monolayer is pseudomorphic. At 525 K, the V5+ oxidation state predominated in thicker films, however. no discernible LEED or RHEED patterns were seen after a few monolayers were deposited indicating that V2O5 epitaxy cannot be continued beyond 1 ML. When the growth temperature was increased to 750 K, RHEED patterns indicated no change in the surface structure after more than 20 ML of vanadia, were deposited. Under these conditions. XPS peak positions were consistent with VO2. After growth at 775 K a c(2x2) LEED pattern attributed to half a monolayer of adsorbed oxygen on the VO2 surface was observed. The surface characterization data all pointed towards pseudomorphic growth of VO2 with a half monolayer of capping oxygen allowing the monolayer to achieve the V2O5 stoichiometry while maintaining the anatase structure. Bulk XRD data, however, were consistent with VO2(B), V6O13. and rutile VO2; none of which expose surfaces with the periodicity observed with RHEED and LEED. The reasons for the differences between the surface and bulk characterization are discussed. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Yale Univ, Dept Chem Engn, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental Sci Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Yale Univ, Dept Appl Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Altman, EI (reprint author), Yale Univ, Dept Chem Engn, POB 208286, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. EM eric.altman@yale.edu RI Wang, Hui-Qiong/H-4690-2011; OI Wang, Hui-Qiong/0000-0002-0495-3146 NR 27 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 4 U2 52 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD JUN 20 PY 2004 VL 559 IS 2-3 BP 201 EP 213 DI 10.1016/j.susc.2004.04.028 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 830WR UT WOS:000222155400016 ER PT J AU Vijay, S Wolf, EE Miller, JT Kropf, AJ AF Vijay, S Wolf, EE Miller, JT Kropf, AJ TI A highly active and stable platinum-modified sulfated zirconia catalyst - Part 2. EXAFS studies of the effect of pretreatment on the state of platinum SO APPLIED CATALYSIS A-GENERAL LA English DT Article DE platinum; sulfated zirconia; isomerization; preparation; EXAFS; XANES; state of platinum ID RAY-ABSORPTION-SPECTROSCOPY; OXIDE; ISOMERIZATION; ION AB This work presents a detailed EXAFS study of platinum-modified sulfated zirconia catalysts that were prepared according to a three step method. which led to highly active and stable catalyst for n-pentane isomerization reaction. EXAFS carried out on the active catalysts prepared from sulfated zirconia calcined at higher temperature and reduction following impregnation with Pt, give evidence of large metallic Pt crystallites whereas similar catalysts prepared from sulfated zirconia calcined at lower temperature of 550 degreesC had mostly Pt-S co-ordination. The presence of the larger Pt crystallites seems necessary for arresting the rapid deactivation of the catalyst and increases its stability. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Notre Dame, Dept Chem Engn, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. BP Res Ctr, Naperville, IL 60563 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem Engn, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Wolf, EE (reprint author), Univ Notre Dame, Dept Chem Engn, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. EM wolf.1@nd.edu RI ID, MRCAT/G-7586-2011 NR 18 TC 10 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-860X J9 APPL CATAL A-GEN JI Appl. Catal. A-Gen. PD JUN 18 PY 2004 VL 264 IS 1 BP 125 EP 130 DI 10.1016/j.apcata.2003.12.037 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 823OY UT WOS:000221623800016 ER PT J AU Johnson, MD Yu, LR Conrads, TP Kinoshita, Y Uo, T Matthews, JD Lee, SW Smith, RD Veenstra, TD Morrison, RS AF Johnson, MD Yu, LR Conrads, TP Kinoshita, Y Uo, T Matthews, JD Lee, SW Smith, RD Veenstra, TD Morrison, RS TI Proteome analysis of DNA damage-induced neuronal death using high throughput mass spectrometry SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID RESPONSE MEDIATOR PROTEIN-2; ACTIN DEPOLYMERIZING FACTOR; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; CELL-DEATH; PARKINSONS-DISEASE; OXIDATIVE STRESS; NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES; TRANSCRIPTIONAL TARGET; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; HIPPOCAMPAL-NEURONS AB Isotope-coded affinity tag reagents and high throughput mass spectrometry were used to quantitate changes in the expression of 150 proteins in mouse wild-type (p53(+/+)) cortical neurons undergoing DNA damage-induced death. Immunological techniques confirmed several of the changes in protein expression, but microarray analysis indicated that many of these changes were not accompanied by altered mRNA expression. Proteome analysis revealed perturbations in mitochondrial function, free radical production, and neuritogenesis that were not observed in p53-deficient neurons. Changes in Tau, cofilin, and other proteins recapitulated abnormalities observed in neurodegenerative states in vivo. Additionally, DNA damage caused a p53-dependent decrease in expression of members of the protein kinase A (PKA) signaling pathway. PKA inhibition promoted death in the absence of DNA damage, revealing a novel mechanism by which endogenous down-regulation of PKA signaling may contribute to p53-dependent neuronal death. These data demonstrate the power of high throughput mass spectrometry for quantitative analysis of the neuronal proteome. C1 Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Neurol Surg, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. NCI, Biomed Proteom Program, SAIC Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm & Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Harvard Univ, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Sch Med, Dept Neurol Surg, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Morrison, RS (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Neurol Surg, Box 356470,1959 NE Pacific St, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM yael@u.washington.edu RI Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012; Lee, Sang-Won/H-6760-2013 OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349; Lee, Sang-Won/0000-0002-5042-0084 FU NINDS NIH HHS [K08 NS43482-01, NS35533, NS39617, NS41714] NR 48 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD JUN 18 PY 2004 VL 279 IS 25 BP 26685 EP 26697 DI 10.1074/jbc.M401274200 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 828VY UT WOS:000222003000095 PM 15060066 ER PT J AU Sorensen, JH Shumpert, BL Vogt, BM AF Sorensen, JH Shumpert, BL Vogt, BM TI Planning for protective action decision making: evacuate or shelter-in-place SO JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE protective action decision making; evacuation; shelter-in-place; emergency planning; hazardous chemical response ID STATIONARY; EMERGENCY AB Protecting the public from an airborne hazardous chemical release requires that appropriate protective actions be selected quickly. When deciding whether to recommend evacuation or shelter-in-place, decision makers must weigh the interaction of numerous factors that characterize the release, the meteorological conditions, and the populations that may be affected. This article examines the components of the protective action decision process and describes steps that should be taken in a planning context to prepare for efficient decision making during an emergency. Methods of organizing information to facilitate decision making are identified, and a model useful for detailed analysis of specific emergency scenarios is described. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Shumpert, BL (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM shumpertbl@ornl.gov NR 37 TC 50 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3894 J9 J HAZARD MATER JI J. Hazard. Mater. PD JUN 18 PY 2004 VL 109 IS 1-3 BP 1 EP 11 DI 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2004.03.004 PG 11 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 831JT UT WOS:000222191400001 PM 15177740 ER PT J AU Ando, Y Ono, S Sun, XF Takeya, J Balakirev, FF Betts, JB Boebinger, GS AF Ando, Y Ono, S Sun, XF Takeya, J Balakirev, FF Betts, JB Boebinger, GS TI Quantum phase transitions in the cuprate superconductor Bi2Sr2-xLaxCuO6+delta SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTOR; QUASI-PARTICLE TRANSPORT; D-WAVE SUPERCONDUCTORS; CRITICAL-BEHAVIOR; MAGNETIC-FIELD; NORMAL-STATE; CRITICALITY; INSULATOR; ORDER; HOLES AB To elucidate a quantum phase transition (QPT) in Bi2Sr2-xLaxCuO6+delta, we measure charge and heat transport properties at very low temperatures and examine the following characteristics for a wide range of doping: normal-state resistivity anisotropy under 58 T, temperature dependence of the in-plane thermal conductivity kappa(ab), and the magnetic-field dependence of kappa(ab). It turns out that all of them show signatures of a QPT at the 1/8 hole doping. Together with the recent normal-state Hall measurements under 58 T that signified the existence of a QPT at optimum doping, the present results indicate that there are two QPTs in the superconducting doping regime of this material. C1 Cent Res Inst Elect Power Ind, Tokyo 2018511, Japan. Los Alamos Natl Lab, NHMFL, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Ando, Y (reprint author), Cent Res Inst Elect Power Ind, Tokyo 2018511, Japan. EM ando@criepi.denken.or.jp RI Ando, Yoichi/B-8163-2013 OI Ando, Yoichi/0000-0002-3553-3355 NR 36 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 18 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 24 AR 247004 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.247004 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 830HO UT WOS:000222112900054 PM 15245125 ER PT J AU Aubert, B Barate, R Boutigny, D Couderc, F Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Tisserand, V Zghiche, A Palano, A Pompili, A Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Ofte, I Stugu, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Charles, E Day, CT Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kukartsev, G LeClerc, C Levi, ME Lynch, G Mir, LM Oddone, PJ Orimoto, TJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Ronan, MT Shelkov, VG Telnov, AV Wenzel, WA Ford, K Harrison, TJ Hawkes, CM Morgan, SE Watson, AT Watson, NK Fritsch, M Goetzen, K Held, T Koch, H Lewandowski, B Pelizaeus, M Steinke, M Boyd, JT Chevalier, N Cottingham, WN Kelly, MP Latham, TE Wilson, FF Abe, K Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T Hearty, C Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Kyberd, P Teodorescu, L Blinov, VE Bukin, AD Druzhinin, VP Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Solodov, EP Yushkov, AN Best, D Bruinsma, M Chao, M Eschrich, I Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M Mommsen, RK Roethel, W Stoker, DP Buchanan, C Hartfiel, BL Gary, JW Shen, BC Wang, K del Re, D Hadavand, HK Hill, EJ MacFarlane, DB Paar, HP Rahatlou, S Sharma, V Berryhill, JW Campagnari, C Dahmes, B Levy, SL Long, O Lu, A Mazur, MA Richman, JD Verkerke, W Beck, TW Eisner, AM Heusch, CA Lockman, WS Schalk, T Schmitz, RE Schumm, BA Seiden, A Spradlin, P Williams, DC Wilson, MG Albert, J Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Hitlin, DG Narsky, I Piatenko, T Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Yang, S Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Abe, T Blanc, F Bloom, P Chen, S Clark, PJ Ford, WT Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Rankin, P Smith, JG van Hoek, WC Zhang, L Harton, JL Hu, T Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Altenburg, D Brandt, T Brose, J Colberg, T Dickopp, M Feltresi, E Hauke, A Lacker, HM Maly, E Muller-Pfefferkorn, R Nogowski, R Otto, S Schubert, J Schubert, KR Schwierz, R Spaan, B Bernard, D Bonneaud, GR Brochard, F Grenier, P Thiebaux, C Vasileiadis, G Verderi, M Bard, DJ Khan, A Lavin, D Muheim, F Playfer, S Andreotti, M Azzolini, V Bettoni, D Bozzi, C Calabrese, R Cibinetto, G Luppi, E Negrini, M Sarti, A Treadwell, E Baldini-Ferroli, R Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Finocchiaro, G Patteri, P Piccolo, M Zallo, A Buzzo, A Capra, R Contri, R Crosetti, G Lo Vetere, M Macri, M Monge, MR Passaggio, S Patrignani, C Robutti, E Santroni, A Tosi, S Bailey, S Brandenburg, G Morii, M Won, E Dubitzky, RS Langenegger, U Bhimji, W Bowerman, DA Dauncey, PD Egede, U Gaillard, JR Morton, GW Nash, JA Taylor, GP Grenier, GJ Lee, SJ Mallik, U Cochran, J Crawley, HB Lamsa, J Meyer, WT Prell, S Rosenberg, EI Yi, J Davier, M Grosdidier, G Hocker, A Laplace, S Le Diberder, F Lepeltier, V Lutz, AM Petersen, TC Plaszczynski, S Schune, MH Tantot, L Wormser, G Cheng, CH Lange, DJ Simani, MC Wright, DM Bevan, AJ Coleman, JP Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R Kay, M Parry, RJ Payne, DJ Sloane, RJ Touramanis, C Back, JJ Harrison, PF Mohanty, GB Brown, CL Cowan, G Flack, RL Flaecher, HU George, S Green, MG Kurup, A Marker, CE McMahon, TR Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Vaitsas, G Winter, MA Brown, D Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, NR Barlow, RJ Hart, PA Hodgkinson, MC Lafferty, GD Lyon, AJ Williams, JC Farbin, A Hulsbergen, WD Jawahery, A Kovalskyi, D Lae, CK Lillard, V Roberts, DA Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Flood, KT Hertzbach, SS Kofler, R Koptchev, VB Moore, TB Saremi, S Staengle, H Willocq, S Cowan, R Sciolla, G Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Mangeol, DJJ Patel, PM Robertson, SH Lazzaro, A Palombo, F Bauer, JM Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Godang, R Kroeger, R Reidy, J Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Zhao, HW Brunet, S Cote, D Taras, P Nicholson, H Cartaro, C Cavallo, N Fabozzi, F Gatto, C Lista, L Monorchio, D Paolucci, P Piccolo, D Sciacca, C Baak, M Raven, G Wilden, L Jessop, CP LoSecco, JM Gabriel, TA Allmendinger, T Brau, B Gan, KK Honscheid, K Hufnagel, D Kagan, H Kass, R Pulliam, T Ter-Antonyan, R Wong, QK Brau, J Frey, R Igonkina, O Potter, CT Sinev, NB Strom, D Torrence, E Colecchia, F Dorigo, A Galeazzi, F Margoni, M Morandin, M Posocco, M Rotondo, M Simonetto, F Stroili, R Tiozzo, G Voci, C Benayoun, M Briand, H Chauveau, J David, P de la Vaissiere, C Del Buono, L Hamon, O John, MJJ Leruste, P Ocariz, J Pivk, M Roos, L T'Jampens, S Therin, G Manfredi, PF Re, V Behera, PK Gladney, L Guo, QH Panetta, J Anulli, F Biasini, M Peruzzi, IM Pioppi, M Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bondioli, M Bucci, F Calderini, G Carpinelli, M Del Gamba, V Forti, F Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Marchiori, G Martinez-Vidal, F Morganti, M Neri, N Paoloni, E Rama, M Rizzo, G Sandrelli, F Walsh, J Haire, M Judd, D Paick, K Wagoner, DE Danielson, N Elmer, P Lu, C Miftakov, V Olsen, J Smith, AJS Varnes, EW Bellini, F Cavoto, G Faccini, R Ferrarotto, F Ferroni, F Gaspero, M Li Gioi, L Mazzoni, MA Morganti, S Pierini, M Piredda, G Tehrani, FS Voena, C Christ, S Wagner, G Waldi, R Adye, T De Groot, N Franek, B Geddes, NI Gopal, GP Olaiya, EO Xella, SM Aleksan, R Emery, S Gaidot, A Ganzhur, SF Giraud, PF de Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Langer, M Legendre, M London, GW Mayer, B Schott, G Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Purohit, MV Weidemann, AW Yumiceva, FX Aston, D Bartoldus, R Berger, N Boyarski, AM Buchmueller, OL Convery, MR Cristinziani, M De Nardo, G Dong, D Dorfan, J Dujmic, D Dunwoodie, W Elsen, EE Field, RC Glanzman, T Gowdy, SJ Hadig, T Halyo, V Hryn'ova, T Innes, WR Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Leith, DWGS Libby, J Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Marsiske, H Messner, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Ozcan, VE Perazzo, A Perl, M Petrak, S Ratcliff, BN Roodman, A Salnikov, AA Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Simi, G Snyder, A Soha, A Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weaver, M Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Wittgen, M Wright, DH Young, CC Burchat, PR Edwards, AJ Meyer, TI Petersen, BA Roat, C Ahmed, S Alam, MS Ernst, JA Saeed, MA Saleem, M Wappler, FR Bugg, W Krishnamurthy, M Spanier, SM Eckmann, R Kim, H Ritchie, JL Satpathy, A Schwitters, RF Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Ye, S Bianchi, F Bona, M Gallo, F Gamba, D Borean, C Bosisio, L Cossutti, F Della Ricca, G Dittongo, S Grancagnolo, S Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vitale, L Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Banerjee, S Brown, CM Fortin, D Jackson, PD Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Band, HR Dasu, S Datta, M Eichenbaum, AM Hollar, JJ Johnson, JR Kutter, PE Li, H Liu, R Di Lodovico, F Mihalyi, A Mohapatra, AK Pan, Y Prepost, R Sekula, SJ Tan, P von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, J Wu, SL Yu, Z Neal, H AF Aubert, B Barate, R Boutigny, D Couderc, F Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Tisserand, V Zghiche, A Palano, A Pompili, A Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Ofte, I Stugu, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Charles, E Day, CT Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kukartsev, G LeClerc, C Levi, ME Lynch, G Mir, LM Oddone, PJ Orimoto, TJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Ronan, MT Shelkov, VG Telnov, AV Wenzel, WA Ford, K Harrison, TJ Hawkes, CM Morgan, SE Watson, AT Watson, NK Fritsch, M Goetzen, K Held, T Koch, H Lewandowski, B Pelizaeus, M Steinke, M Boyd, JT Chevalier, N Cottingham, WN Kelly, MP Latham, TE Wilson, FF Abe, K Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T Hearty, C Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Kyberd, P Teodorescu, L Blinov, VE Bukin, AD Druzhinin, VP Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Solodov, EP Yushkov, AN Best, D Bruinsma, M Chao, M Eschrich, I Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M Mommsen, RK Roethel, W Stoker, DP Buchanan, C Hartfiel, BL Gary, JW Shen, BC Wang, K del Re, D Hadavand, HK Hill, EJ MacFarlane, DB Paar, HP Rahatlou, S Sharma, V Berryhill, JW Campagnari, C Dahmes, B Levy, SL Long, O Lu, A Mazur, MA Richman, JD Verkerke, W Beck, TW Eisner, AM Heusch, CA Lockman, WS Schalk, T Schmitz, RE Schumm, BA Seiden, A Spradlin, P Williams, DC Wilson, MG Albert, J Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Hitlin, DG Narsky, I Piatenko, T Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Yang, S Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Abe, T Blanc, F Bloom, P Chen, S Clark, PJ Ford, WT Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Rankin, P Smith, JG van Hoek, WC Zhang, L Harton, JL Hu, T Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Altenburg, D Brandt, T Brose, J Colberg, T Dickopp, M Feltresi, E Hauke, A Lacker, HM Maly, E Muller-Pfefferkorn, R Nogowski, R Otto, S Schubert, J Schubert, KR Schwierz, R Spaan, B Bernard, D Bonneaud, GR Brochard, F Grenier, P Thiebaux, C Vasileiadis, G Verderi, M Bard, DJ Khan, A Lavin, D Muheim, F Playfer, S Andreotti, M Azzolini, V Bettoni, D Bozzi, C Calabrese, R Cibinetto, G Luppi, E Negrini, M Sarti, A Treadwell, E Baldini-Ferroli, R Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Finocchiaro, G Patteri, P Piccolo, M Zallo, A Buzzo, A Capra, R Contri, R Crosetti, G Lo Vetere, M Macri, M Monge, MR Passaggio, S Patrignani, C Robutti, E Santroni, A Tosi, S Bailey, S Brandenburg, G Morii, M Won, E Dubitzky, RS Langenegger, U Bhimji, W Bowerman, DA Dauncey, PD Egede, U Gaillard, JR Morton, GW Nash, JA Taylor, GP Grenier, GJ Lee, SJ Mallik, U Cochran, J Crawley, HB Lamsa, J Meyer, WT Prell, S Rosenberg, EI Yi, J Davier, M Grosdidier, G Hocker, A Laplace, S Le Diberder, F Lepeltier, V Lutz, AM Petersen, TC Plaszczynski, S Schune, MH Tantot, L Wormser, G Cheng, CH Lange, DJ Simani, MC Wright, DM Bevan, AJ Coleman, JP Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R Kay, M Parry, RJ Payne, DJ Sloane, RJ Touramanis, C Back, JJ Harrison, PF Mohanty, GB Brown, CL Cowan, G Flack, RL Flaecher, HU George, S Green, MG Kurup, A Marker, CE McMahon, TR Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Vaitsas, G Winter, MA Brown, D Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, NR Barlow, RJ Hart, PA Hodgkinson, MC Lafferty, GD Lyon, AJ Williams, JC Farbin, A Hulsbergen, WD Jawahery, A Kovalskyi, D Lae, CK Lillard, V Roberts, DA Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Flood, KT Hertzbach, SS Kofler, R Koptchev, VB Moore, TB Saremi, S Staengle, H Willocq, S Cowan, R Sciolla, G Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Mangeol, DJJ Patel, PM Robertson, SH Lazzaro, A Palombo, F Bauer, JM Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Godang, R Kroeger, R Reidy, J Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Zhao, HW Brunet, S Cote, D Taras, P Nicholson, H Cartaro, C Cavallo, N Fabozzi, F Gatto, C Lista, L Monorchio, D Paolucci, P Piccolo, D Sciacca, C Baak, M Raven, G Wilden, L Jessop, CP LoSecco, JM Gabriel, TA Allmendinger, T Brau, B Gan, KK Honscheid, K Hufnagel, D Kagan, H Kass, R Pulliam, T Ter-Antonyan, R Wong, QK Brau, J Frey, R Igonkina, O Potter, CT Sinev, NB Strom, D Torrence, E Colecchia, F Dorigo, A Galeazzi, F Margoni, M Morandin, M Posocco, M Rotondo, M Simonetto, F Stroili, R Tiozzo, G Voci, C Benayoun, M Briand, H Chauveau, J David, P de la Vaissiere, C Del Buono, L Hamon, O John, MJJ Leruste, P Ocariz, J Pivk, M Roos, L T'Jampens, S Therin, G Manfredi, PF Re, V Behera, PK Gladney, L Guo, QH Panetta, J Anulli, F Biasini, M Peruzzi, IM Pioppi, M Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bondioli, M Bucci, F Calderini, G Carpinelli, M Del Gamba, V Forti, F Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Marchiori, G Martinez-Vidal, F Morganti, M Neri, N Paoloni, E Rama, M Rizzo, G Sandrelli, F Walsh, J Haire, M Judd, D Paick, K Wagoner, DE Danielson, N Elmer, P Lu, C Miftakov, V Olsen, J Smith, AJS Varnes, EW Bellini, F Cavoto, G Faccini, R Ferrarotto, F Ferroni, F Gaspero, M Li Gioi, L Mazzoni, MA Morganti, S Pierini, M Piredda, G Tehrani, FS Voena, C Christ, S Wagner, G Waldi, R Adye, T De Groot, N Franek, B Geddes, NI Gopal, GP Olaiya, EO Xella, SM Aleksan, R Emery, S Gaidot, A Ganzhur, SF Giraud, PF de Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Langer, M Legendre, M London, GW Mayer, B Schott, G Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Purohit, MV Weidemann, AW Yumiceva, FX Aston, D Bartoldus, R Berger, N Boyarski, AM Buchmueller, OL Convery, MR Cristinziani, M De Nardo, G Dong, D Dorfan, J Dujmic, D Dunwoodie, W Elsen, EE Field, RC Glanzman, T Gowdy, SJ Hadig, T Halyo, V Hryn'ova, T Innes, WR Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Leith, DWGS Libby, J Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Marsiske, H Messner, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Ozcan, VE Perazzo, A Perl, M Petrak, S Ratcliff, BN Roodman, A Salnikov, AA Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Simi, G Snyder, A Soha, A Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weaver, M Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Wittgen, M Wright, DH Young, CC Burchat, PR Edwards, AJ Meyer, TI Petersen, BA Roat, C Ahmed, S Alam, MS Ernst, JA Saeed, MA Saleem, M Wappler, FR Bugg, W Krishnamurthy, M Spanier, SM Eckmann, R Kim, H Ritchie, JL Satpathy, A Schwitters, RF Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Ye, S Bianchi, F Bona, M Gallo, F Gamba, D Borean, C Bosisio, L Cossutti, F Della Ricca, G Dittongo, S Grancagnolo, S Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vitale, L Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Banerjee, S Brown, CM Fortin, D Jackson, PD Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Band, HR Dasu, S Datta, M Eichenbaum, AM Hollar, JJ Johnson, JR Kutter, PE Li, H Liu, R Di Lodovico, F Mihalyi, A Mohapatra, AK Pan, Y Prepost, R Sekula, SJ Tan, P von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, J Wu, SL Yu, Z Neal, H CA BABAR Collaboration TI Study of B-+/--> J/psi pi(+/-) and B-+/--> J/psi K +/- decays: Measurement of the ratio of branching fractions and search for direct CP violation SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article AB We study B+/--->J/psipi(+/-) and B+/--->J/psiK(+/-) decays in a sample of about 89x10(6) B (B) over bar pairs collected with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II asymmetric B factory at SLAC. We observe a signal of 244+/-20 B+/--->J/psipi(+/-) events and determine the ratio B(B+/--->J/psipi(+/-))/B(B+/--->J/psiK(+/-)) to be [5.37+/-0.45(stat)+/-0.11(syst)]%. The charge asymmetries for the B+/--->J/psipi(+/-) and B+/--->J/psiK(+/-) decays are determined to be A(pi)=0.123+/-0.085(stat)+/-0.004(syst) and A(K)=0.030+/-0.015(stat)+/-0.006(syst), respectively. C1 Lab Annecy Le Vieux Phys Particules, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. Univ Bari, Dipartimento Fis, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Univ Bergen, Inst Phys, N-5007 Bergen, Norway. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. Ruhr Univ Bochum, Inst Expt Phys 1, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. Univ Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. Brunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England. Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Kern & Teilchenphys, D-01062 Dresden, Germany. Ecole Polytech, LLR, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. Univ Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Midlothian, Scotland. Univ Ferrara, Dipartimento Fis, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Florida A&M Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32307 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Genoa, Dipartimento Fis, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Univ Heidelberg, Inst Phys, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London SW7 2AZ, England. Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Lab Accelerateur Lineaire, F-91898 Orsay, France. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Liverpool, Liverpool L69 72E, Merseyside, England. Univ London, Queen Mary, London E1 4NS, England. Univ London Royal Holloway & Bedford New Coll, Egham TW20 0EX, Surrey, England. Univ Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. Univ Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. MIT, Nucl Sci Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA. Univ Montreal, Lab Rene JA Levesque, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. Mt Holyoke Coll, S Hadley, MA 01075 USA. Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Sci Fis, I-80126 Naples, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-80126 Naples, Italy. NIKHEF, Natl Inst Nucl Phys & High Energy Phys, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Univ Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Univ Paris 06, Lab Phys Nucl HE, F-75252 Paris, France. Univ Paris 07, Lab Phys Nucl HE, F-75252 Paris, France. Univ Pavia, Dipartimento Elettron, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. Univ Pisa, Scuola Normale Super Pisa, Dipartimento Fis, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. Prairie View A&M Univ, Prairie View, TX 77446 USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Univ Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. CEA Saclay, DSM Dapnia, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. SUNY Albany, Albany, NY 12222 USA. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Univ Texas, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Sperimentale, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Univ Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6, Canada. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. Univ Basilicata, I-85100 Potenza, Italy. Univ Valencia, CSIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular, IFIC, Valencia, Spain. RP Aubert, B (reprint author), Lab Annecy Le Vieux Phys Particules, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. RI Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Di Lodovico, Francesca/L-9109-2016; Calcaterra, Alessandro/P-5260-2015; Frey, Raymond/E-2830-2016; Monge, Maria Roberta/G-9127-2012; Luppi, Eleonora/A-4902-2015; Kravchenko, Evgeniy/F-5457-2015; Calabrese, Roberto/G-4405-2015; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/G-7212-2015; Martinez Vidal, F*/L-7563-2014; Kolomensky, Yury/I-3510-2015; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/J-5049-2012; Grancagnolo, Sergio/J-3957-2015; Lusiani, Alberto/N-2976-2015; Morandin, Mauro/A-3308-2016; Lusiani, Alberto/A-3329-2016; de Groot, Nicolo/A-2675-2009; Sarti, Alessio/I-2833-2012; Lista, Luca/C-5719-2008; Bellini, Fabio/D-1055-2009; crosetti, nanni/H-3040-2011; Cavallo, Nicola/F-8913-2012; Saeed, Mohammad Alam/J-7455-2012; Negrini, Matteo/C-8906-2014; Neri, Nicola/G-3991-2012; Forti, Francesco/H-3035-2011; Rotondo, Marcello/I-6043-2012; Patrignani, Claudia/C-5223-2009; de Sangro, Riccardo/J-2901-2012 OI Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Di Lodovico, Francesca/0000-0003-3952-2175; Calcaterra, Alessandro/0000-0003-2670-4826; Frey, Raymond/0000-0003-0341-2636; Monge, Maria Roberta/0000-0003-1633-3195; Luppi, Eleonora/0000-0002-1072-5633; Calabrese, Roberto/0000-0002-1354-5400; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/0000-0002-4276-715X; Martinez Vidal, F*/0000-0001-6841-6035; Kolomensky, Yury/0000-0001-8496-9975; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/0000-0002-6520-4480; Grancagnolo, Sergio/0000-0001-8490-8304; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Morandin, Mauro/0000-0003-4708-4240; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Sarti, Alessio/0000-0001-5419-7951; Bellini, Fabio/0000-0002-2936-660X; Saeed, Mohammad Alam/0000-0002-3529-9255; Negrini, Matteo/0000-0003-0101-6963; Neri, Nicola/0000-0002-6106-3756; Forti, Francesco/0000-0001-6535-7965; Rotondo, Marcello/0000-0001-5704-6163; Patrignani, Claudia/0000-0002-5882-1747; de Sangro, Riccardo/0000-0002-3808-5455 NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 18 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 24 AR 241802 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.241802 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 830HO UT WOS:000222112900005 ER PT J AU Batista, CD Aligia, AA AF Batista, CD Aligia, AA TI Exact bond ordered ground state for the transition between the band and the Mott insulator SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID STRONG ELECTRON CORRELATION; IONIC TRANSITION; HUBBARD-MODEL; VERTEX MODELS; ONE-DIMENSION; CHAIN; PHASE AB We derive an effective Hamiltonian H-eff for an ionic Hubbard chain, valid for t<>t) and the Mott insulator (MI) (U-Delta>>t). Using spin-particle transformations [Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 1082 (2001)], we map H-eff(U=Delta) into an SU(3) antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model whose exact ground state is known. In this way, we show rigorously that a spontaneously dimerized insulating ferroelectric phase appears in the transition region between the BI and the MI. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Ctr Atom Bariloche, RA-8400 San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina. Comis Nacl Energia Atom, Inst Balseiro, RA-8400 San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina. RP Batista, CD (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 25 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 18 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 24 AR 246405 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.246405 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 830HO UT WOS:000222112900046 PM 15245117 ER PT J AU Daruka, I Hamilton, JC AF Daruka, I Hamilton, JC TI Atomistic and lattice model of a grain boundary defaceting phase transition SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CRYSTAL SHAPES; ALUMINUM AB Recent calculations have shown that grain boundary (GB) stress is too small to stabilize finite GB facets, suggesting that the existing theory of GB defaceting phase transitions is incomplete. We perform molecular dynamics calculations, which show a reversible phase transition at similar to400 K with a concerted shuffle of two atoms at the facet junction as the elementary excitation. Based on this excitation we formulate an appropriate lattice model, perform Monte Carlo simulations, and establish an analytical relationship between the elementary excitation energy and the transition temperature. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Univ Debrecen, Dept Theoret Phys, POB 5, H-4010 Debrecen, Hungary. NR 19 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 18 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 24 AR 246105 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.246105 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 830HO UT WOS:000222112900039 PM 15245110 ER PT J AU Dawson, S Dicus, D Kao, C Malhotra, R AF Dawson, S Dicus, D Kao, C Malhotra, R TI Discovering the Higgs bosons of minimal supersymmetry with muons and a bottom quark SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID STANDARD MODEL; HADRON SUPERCOLLIDERS; LOCAL SUPERSYMMETRY; CROSS-SECTION; SUPERGRAVITY; COLLIDER; PHYSICS; DECAYS; SEARCH; PAIRS AB We investigate the prospects for the discovery at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) of a neutral Higgs boson produced with one bottom quark followed by Higgs decay into a muon pair. We work within the framework of the minimal supersymmetric model. The dominant physics background from the production of bmu(+)mu(-), jmu(+)mu(-), j=g,u,d,s,c, and b (b) over barW(+)W(-) is calculated with realistic acceptance cuts. Promising results are found for the CP-odd pseudoscalar (A(0)) and the heavier CP-even scalar (H-0) Higgs bosons with masses up to 600 GeV. This discovery channel with one energetic bottom quark greatly improves the discovery potential of the LHC beyond the inclusive channel pp-->phi(0)-->mu(+)mu(-)+X. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Texas, Ctr Particle Phys, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Univ Oklahoma, Dept Phys & Astron, Norman, OK 73019 USA. CERN, Div Theoret Phys, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. RP Dawson, S (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 42 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 18 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 24 AR 241801 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.241801 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 830HO UT WOS:000222112900004 PM 15245075 ER PT J AU Hasan, MZ Chuang, YD Qian, D Li, YW Kong, Y Kuprin, A Fedorov, AV Kimmerling, R Rotenberg, E Rossnagel, K Hussain, Z Koh, H Rogado, NS Foo, ML Cava, RJ AF Hasan, MZ Chuang, YD Qian, D Li, YW Kong, Y Kuprin, A Fedorov, AV Kimmerling, R Rotenberg, E Rossnagel, K Hussain, Z Koh, H Rogado, NS Foo, ML Cava, RJ TI Fermi surface and quasiparticle dynamics of Na0.7CoO2 investigated by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; NACO2O4 AB We present the first angle-resolved photoemission study of Na0.7CoO2, the host material of the superconducting NaxCoO2.nH(2)O series. Our results show a hole-type Fermi surface, a strongly renormalized quasiparticle band, a small Fermi velocity, and a large Hubbard U. The quasiparticle band crosses the Fermi level from M toward Gamma suggesting a negative sign of effective single-particle hopping t(eff) (about 10 meV) which is on the order of magnetic exchange coupling J in this system. Quasiparticles are well defined only in the T-linear resistivity (non-Fermi-liquid) regime. Unusually small single-particle hopping and unconventional quasiparticle dynamics may have implications for understanding the phase of matter realized in this new class of a strongly interacting quantum system. C1 Princeton Univ, Joseph Henry Labs, Dept Phys, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Princeton Mat Inst, Princeton Ctr Complex Mat, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Princeton Univ, Dept Chem, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RP Hasan, MZ (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Joseph Henry Labs, Dept Phys, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. EM mzhasan@Princeton.edu RI Rotenberg, Eli/B-3700-2009; Rossnagel, Kai/F-8822-2011; HASAN, M. Zahid/D-8237-2012; Foo, Maw Lin/H-9273-2012; Qian, Dong/O-1028-2015 OI Rotenberg, Eli/0000-0002-3979-8844; Rossnagel, Kai/0000-0001-5107-0090; NR 29 TC 189 Z9 192 U1 1 U2 27 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 18 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 24 AR 246402 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.246402 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 830HO UT WOS:000222112900043 PM 15245114 ER PT J AU Henson, BF Robinson, JM AF Henson, BF Robinson, JM TI Dependence of quasiliquid thickness on the liquid activity: A bulk thermodynamic theory of the interface SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-SCATTERING; TRANSITION LAYER; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; NORMAL-ALKANES; ICE SURFACES; ARGON FILMS; POINT; MELT AB Studies of the phenomenon of quasiliquid formation span systems as diverse as noble gases, complex organic molecules, and metals, and span triple point temperatures from 25 to 933 K. We show that when viewed as a single phenomenon essentially all published measurements of the quasiliquid layer thickness on solids below the melting point can be plotted as a function of the thermodynamic activity. Two classes of behavior are then observed: one for molecular systems and one for atomic systems. We derive a dependence on activity through a grand canonical lattice gas calculation. This is the only such unifying theory of this phenomenon. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Henson, BF (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 33 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 18 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 24 AR 246107 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.246107 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 830HO UT WOS:000222112900041 PM 15245112 ER PT J AU Lapenta, G AF Lapenta, G TI Comment on "Solitonlike solutions of the Grad-Shafranov equation" - Reply SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Plasma Theory Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Lapenta, G (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Plasma Theory Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 18 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 24 AR 249502 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.249502 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 830HO UT WOS:000222112900069 ER PT J AU Lu, ZP Liu, CT Thompson, JR Porter, WD AF Lu, ZP Liu, CT Thompson, JR Porter, WD TI Structural amorphous steels SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID BULK METALLIC GLASSES; ALLOYS; SYSTEM; CR AB Recent advancement in bulk metallic glasses, whose properties are usually superior to their crystalline counterparts, has stimulated great interest in fabricating bulk amorphous steels. While a great deal of effort has been devoted to this field, the fabrication of structural amorphous steels with large cross sections has remained an alchemist's dream because of the limited glass-forming ability (GFA) of these materials. Here we report the discovery of structural amorphous steels that can be cast into glasses with large cross-section sizes using conventional drop-casting methods. These new steels showed interesting physical, magnetic, and mechanical properties, along with high thermal stability. The underlying mechanisms for the superior GFA of these materials are discussed. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Lu, ZP (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM luzp@ornl.gov RI Lu, Zhao-Ping/A-2718-2009 NR 16 TC 400 Z9 425 U1 6 U2 98 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 18 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 24 AR 245503 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.245503 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 830HO UT WOS:000222112900024 PM 15245095 ER PT J AU Scholl, A Liberati, M Arenholz, E Ohldag, H Stohr, J AF Scholl, A Liberati, M Arenholz, E Ohldag, H Stohr, J TI Creation of an antiferromagnetic exchange spring SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FILMS; BIAS; NIO; FERROMAGNET; ANISOTROPY; BILAYERS; MODEL AB We present evidence for the creation of an exchange spring in an antiferromagnet due to exchange coupling to a ferromagnet. X-ray magnetic linear dichroism spectroscopy on single crystal Co/NiO(001) shows that a partial domain wall is wound up at the surface of the antiferromagnet when the adjacent ferromagnet is rotated by a magnetic field. We determine the interface exchange stiffness and the antiferromagnetic domain wall energy from the field dependence of the direction of the antiferromagnetic axis, the antiferromagnetic pendant to a ferromagnetic hysteresis loop. The existence of a planar antiferromagnetic domain wall, proven by our measurement, is a key assumption of most exchange bias models. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. INFM, Natl Ctr Nanostruct & Biosyst Surfaces, I-41100 Modena, Italy. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Scholl, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Scholl, Andreas/K-4876-2012; Ohldag, Hendrik/F-1009-2014 NR 20 TC 98 Z9 99 U1 9 U2 47 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 18 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 24 AR 247201 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.247201 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 830HO UT WOS:000222112900057 PM 15245128 ER PT J AU Sheik-Bahae, M Epstein, RI AF Sheik-Bahae, M Epstein, RI TI Can laser light cool semiconductors? SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DOUBLE HETEROSTRUCTURES; QUANTUM EFFICIENCY; UP-CONVERSION; ABSORPTION; RECOMBINATION AB Laser cooling in semiconductors is theoretically investigated including arbitrary external efficiency and photon recycling. Experimental conditions needed to attain net cooling in GaAs are derived. C1 Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Sheik-Bahae, M (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. NR 20 TC 101 Z9 103 U1 3 U2 24 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 18 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 24 AR 247403 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.247403 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 830HO UT WOS:000222112900060 PM 15245131 ER PT J AU Yang, HB Wang, SC Sekharan, AKP Matsui, H Souma, S Sato, T Takahashi, T Takeuchi, T Campuzano, JC Jin, R Sales, BC Mandrus, D Wang, Z Ding, H AF Yang, HB Wang, SC Sekharan, AKP Matsui, H Souma, S Sato, T Takahashi, T Takeuchi, T Campuzano, JC Jin, R Sales, BC Mandrus, D Wang, Z Ding, H TI ARPES on Na0.6CoO2: Fermi surface and unusual band dispersion SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; NACO2O4 AB The electronic structure of single crystals Na0.6CoO2, which are closely related to the superconducting Na0.3CoO2.yH(2)O (T(c)similar to5 K), is studied by angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy. While the measured Fermi surface (FS) is consistent with the large FS enclosing the Gamma point from the band theory, the predicted small FS pockets near the K points are absent. In addition, the band dispersion is found to be highly renormalized, and anisotropic along the two principal axes (Gamma-K, Gamma-M). Our measurements also indicate that an extended flatband is formed slightly above E-F along Gamma-K. C1 Boston Coll, Dept Phys, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 USA. Tohoku Univ, Dept Phys, Sendi 9808578, Japan. Nagoya Univ, Res Ctr Adv Waste & Emiss Management, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan. Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Boston Coll, Dept Phys, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 USA. RI Takahashi, Takashi/E-5080-2010; Sato, Takafumi/E-5094-2010; souma, seigo/A-4858-2010; Wang, Shancai/F-6162-2013; Mandrus, David/H-3090-2014 NR 19 TC 128 Z9 129 U1 2 U2 24 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 18 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 24 AR 246403 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.246403 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 830HO UT WOS:000222112900044 PM 15245115 ER PT J AU Matamala, R Gonzalez-Meler, MA Jastrow, JD Norby, RJ Schlesinger, WH AF Matamala, R Gonzalez-Meler, MA Jastrow, JD Norby, RJ Schlesinger, WH TI Response to comment on "Impacts of fine root turnover on forest NPP and soil C sequestration potential" SO SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Res, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Biol Sci, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm & Earth Sci, Durham, NC 27708 USA. RP Matamala, R (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Res, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM matamala@anl.gov RI Norby, Richard/C-1773-2012 OI Norby, Richard/0000-0002-0238-9828 NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JUN 18 PY 2004 VL 304 IS 5678 PG 1 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 829YU UT WOS:000222089500024 ER PT J AU Roe, HG de Pater, I Gibbard, SG Macintosh, BA Max, CE Young, EF Brown, ME Bouchez, AH AF Roe, HG de Pater, I Gibbard, SG Macintosh, BA Max, CE Young, EF Brown, ME Bouchez, AH TI A new 1.6-micron map of Titan's surface SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ADAPTIVE OPTICS; TELESCOPE; CLOUDS AB We present a new map of Titan's surface obtained in the spectral 'window' at similar to1.6 mm between strong methane absorption. This pre-Cassini view of Titan's surface was created from images obtained using adaptive optics on the W. M. Keck II telescope and is the highest resolution map yet made of Titan's surface. Numerous surface features down to the limits of the spatial resolution (similar to200-300 km) are apparent. No features are easily identifiable in terms of their geologic origin, although several are likely craters. C1 CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Ctr Adapt Opt, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. SW Res Inst, Boulder, CO 80302 USA. WM Keck Observ, Waimea, HI 96743 USA. RP Roe, HG (reprint author), CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, M-S 150-21, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. EM hroe@gps.caltech.edu OI Max, Claire/0000-0003-0682-5436 NR 13 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JUN 17 PY 2004 VL 31 IS 17 AR L17S03 DI 10.1029/2004GL019871 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 833GP UT WOS:000222325300002 ER PT J AU Rosso, KM Smith, DMA Dupuis, M AF Rosso, KM Smith, DMA Dupuis, M TI Aspects of aqueous iron and manganese (II/III) self-exchange electron transfer reactions SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID TRANSITION-METAL-COMPLEXES; ION HYDROLYSIS REACTIONS; TRANSFER MATRIX-ELEMENTS; GAUSSIAN-BASIS SETS; AB-INITIO; DENSITY; OXIDATION; KINETICS; ENERGIES; ATOMS AB Ab initio methods were applied to the calculation of the reorganization energy A and the electronic coupling matrix element V-AB for the outer-sphere Fe(OH2)(6)(II/III) and Mn(OH2)(6)(II/III) self-exchange electron transfer (ET) reactions. For the Fe case, we find an appreciable effect on V-AB depending on whether the minority spin electron occupies the d(xy) orbital or a mixture of d(xz)/d(yz) orbitals in the Fe-II ion. While these two possible nearly isoenergetic electron accepting states alter the magnitude and distance dependence of V-AB, they do not affect the internal reorganization energy lambda(1) to any significant level. The magnitude and distance dependence of V-AB are found to be strongly dependent on encounter orientation, as expected. V-AB values for corner-to-corner encounter orientations are substantially larger at any given ET distance considered than those for face-to-face encounter orientations. Values of the decay parameter beta are in good agreement with well-accepted values. The adiabaticity criterion is tied to orientation and distance dependence of V-AB. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Whitman Coll, Dept Phys, Walla Walla, WA 99362 USA. RP Rosso, KM (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999,K8-96, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM kevin.rosso@pnl.gov NR 51 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD JUN 17 PY 2004 VL 108 IS 24 BP 5242 EP 5248 DI 10.1021/jp037470a PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 828HV UT WOS:000221965300016 ER PT J AU Bowman, GD O'Donnell, M Kuriyan, J AF Bowman, GD O'Donnell, M Kuriyan, J TI Structural analysis of a eukaryotic sliding DNA clamp-clamp loader complex SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID CELL NUCLEAR ANTIGEN; POLYMERASE-III HOLOENZYME; REPLICATION FACTOR-C; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; ACCESSORY PROTEINS; HELICASE-PRIMASE; GAMMA COMPLEX; MECHANISM; DOMAIN; SUBUNIT AB Sliding clamps are ring-shaped proteins that encircle DNA and confer high processivity on DNA polymerases. Here we report the crystal structure of the five-protein clamp loader complex ( replication factor-C, RFC) of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, bound to the sliding clamp ( proliferating cell nuclear antigen, PCNA). Tight interfacial coordination of the ATP analogue ATP-gamma S by RFC results in a spiral arrangement of the ATPase domains of the clamp loader above the PCNA ring. Placement of a model for primed DNA within the central hole of PCNA reveals a striking correspondence between the RFC spiral and the grooves of the DNA double helix. This model, in which the clamp loader complex locks onto primed DNA in a screw-cap-like arrangement, provides a simple explanation for the process by which the engagement of primer-template junctions by the RFC: PCNA complex results in ATP hydrolysis and release of the sliding clamp on DNA. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Rockefeller Univ, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Lab DNA Replicat, New York, NY 10021 USA. RP Kuriyan, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM kuriyan@berkeley.edu FU NIGMS NIH HHS [F32 GM066586, F32 GM066586-01, F32 GM066586-02] NR 49 TC 254 Z9 266 U1 2 U2 18 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD JUN 17 PY 2004 VL 429 IS 6993 BP 724 EP 730 DI 10.1038/nature02585 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 829OS UT WOS:000222059900029 PM 15201901 ER PT J AU Riebe, M Haffner, H Roos, CF Hansel, W Benhelm, J Lancaster, GPT Korber, TW Becher, C Schmidt-Kaler, F James, DFV Blatt, R AF Riebe, M Haffner, H Roos, CF Hansel, W Benhelm, J Lancaster, GPT Korber, TW Becher, C Schmidt-Kaler, F James, DFV Blatt, R TI Deterministic quantum teleportation with atoms SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID PODOLSKY-ROSEN CHANNELS; COMPUTER; STATE AB Teleportation of a quantum state encompasses the complete transfer of information from one particle to another. The complete specification of the quantum state of a system generally requires an infinite amount of information, even for simple two-level systems (qubits). Moreover, the principles of quantum mechanics dictate that any measurement on a system immediately alters its state, while yielding at most one bit of information. The transfer of a state from one system to another ( by performing measurements on the first and operations on the second) might therefore appear impossible. However, it has been shown(1) that the entangling properties of quantum mechanics, in combination with classical communication, allow quantum-state teleportation to be performed. Teleportation using pairs of entangled photons has been demonstrated(2-6), but such techniques are probabilistic, requiring post-selection of measured photons. Here, we report deterministic quantum-state teleportation between a pair of trapped calcium ions. Following closely the original proposal(1), we create a highly entangled pair of ions and perform a complete Bell-state measurement involving one ion from this pair and a third source ion. State reconstruction conditioned on this measurement is then performed on the other half of the entangled pair. The measured fidelity is 75%, demonstrating unequivocally the quantum nature of the process. C1 Univ Innsbruck, Inst Expt Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret T 4, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Austrian Acad Sci, Inst Quantenopt & Quanteninformat, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. RP Blatt, R (reprint author), Univ Innsbruck, Inst Expt Phys, Tech Str 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. EM Rainer.Blatt@uibk.ac.at RI Roos, Christian/D-8475-2011; Haeffner, Hartmut/D-8046-2012; James, Daniel/B-9805-2009; Schmidt-Kaler, Ferdinand/E-2151-2017; OI Roos, Christian/0000-0001-7121-8259; Haeffner, Hartmut/0000-0002-5113-9622; James, Daniel/0000-0003-3981-4602; Becher, Christoph/0000-0003-4645-6882 NR 18 TC 563 Z9 582 U1 4 U2 46 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD JUN 17 PY 2004 VL 429 IS 6993 BP 734 EP 737 DI 10.1038/nature02570 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 829OS UT WOS:000222059900031 PM 15201903 ER PT J AU Barbieri, J Chapline, G AF Barbieri, J Chapline, G TI Have nucleon decays already been seen? SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID RELATIVITY AB Within the framework of the classical theory of general relativity nothing remarkable is expected to happen to an observer failing into a large black hole other than the curious circumstance that after the observer crosses a certain surface, the "event horizon", he can no longer communicate with the outside world. Although this prediction has been widely accepted in the physics community, it is inconsistent with quantum mechanics because it conflicts with the need for a universal time to define Schrodinger's equation. It has been pointed out [Philos. Mag. B 281 (2001) 235, Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 18 (2003) 831] that this inconsistency can be avoided if it is assumed that as the surface where general relativity predicts that the event horizon would be located is approached, the redshift does not actually go to infinity, but instead undergoes a continuous phase transition to a de Sitter phase where the vacuum energy is much larger than the cosmological vacuum energy. Although we do not have a fundamental theory of such a phase transition, many features of quantum phase transitions are universal. This universality allows us to make predictions concerning the behavior of matter as it encounters the quantum critical region that replaces the event horizon. One of these predictions is that the nucleons falling onto the critical surface will decay directly into multi-MeV leptons and gamma rays with a characteristic spectrum. As it happens there are some hints from the spectra of cosmic gamma ray bursts and observations of positrons from the center of our galaxy that this is correct. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 NAWC WD, Adv Syst Dev, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Barbieri, J (reprint author), NAWC WD, Adv Syst Dev, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. EM barbierijf@eerthlink.net NR 13 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JUN 17 PY 2004 VL 590 IS 1-2 BP 8 EP 12 DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2004.03.054 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 826LM UT WOS:000221830600002 ER PT J AU Burdman, G AF Burdman, G TI Flavor violation in warped extra dimensions and CP asymmetries in B decays SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID RANDALL-SUNDRUM MODEL; TOPCOLOR; SUPERSYMMETRY; CONDENSATION; TECHNICOLOR; DYNAMICS; MIXINGS; FIELDS; MASSES AB We show that CP asymmetries in b --> s hadronic decays are potentially affected by the presence of massive color-octet particles strongly coupled to the third generation quarks. Theories with warped extra dimensions provide natural candidates in the Kaluza-Klein excitations of gluons in scenarios where flavor-breaking by bulk fermion masses results in the localization of fermion wave-functions. Topcolor models, in which a new gauge interaction leads to top-condensation and a large top mass. also result in the presence of these color-octet states with TeV masses. We find that large effects are possible in modes such as B --> phiK(s), B --> eta'K-s and B --> pi(0)K(s) among others. (C) 2004 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Theoret Phys Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Burdman, G (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Theoret Phys Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM gaburdman@lbl.oov RI Burdman, Gustavo/D-3285-2012 NR 40 TC 66 Z9 66 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JUN 17 PY 2004 VL 590 IS 1-2 BP 86 EP 94 DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2004.03.055 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 826LM UT WOS:000221830600013 ER PT J AU Challacombe, JF Rechtsteiner, A Gottardo, R Rocha, LM Browne, EP Shenk, T Altherr, MR Brettin, TS AF Challacombe, JF Rechtsteiner, A Gottardo, R Rocha, LM Browne, EP Shenk, T Altherr, MR Brettin, TS TI Evaluation of the host transcriptional response to human cytomegalovirus infection SO PHYSIOLOGICAL GENOMICS LA English DT Review DE gene expression analysis; herpesvirus; pathogenesis ID SINGULAR-VALUE DECOMPOSITION; NF-KAPPA-B; PROTEIN-C RECEPTOR; GENE-EXPRESSION; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; CELL-CYCLE; OLIGONUCLEOTIDE ARRAYS; INDUCED APOPTOSIS; BREAST-CANCER; T-LYMPHOCYTES AB Gene expression data from human cytomegalovirus (HCMV)-infected cells were analyzed using DNA-Chip Analyzer (dChip) followed by singular value decomposition (SVD) and compared with a previous analysis of the same data that employed GeneChip software and a fold change filtering approach. dChip and SVD analysis revealed two clusters of coexpressed human genes responding differently to HCMV infection: one containing some genes identified previously, and another that was largely unique to this analysis. Annotating these genes, we identified several functional categories important to host cell responses to HCMV infection. These categories included genes involved in transcriptional regulation, oncogenesis, and cell cycle regulation, which were more prevalent in cluster 1, and genes involved in immune system regulation, signal transduction, and cell adhesion, which were more prevalent in cluster 2. Within these categories, we found genes involved in the host response to HCMV infection ( mainly in cluster 1), as well as genes targeted by HCMV's immune evasion strategies ( mainly in cluster 2). As the second group of genes identified by the dChip and SVD approach was statistically and biologically significant, our results point out the advantages of using different methods to analyze gene expression data. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Comp & Computat Sci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Princeton Univ, Dept Mol Biol, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RP Challacombe, JF (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Mail Stop M888, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM jchalla@lanl.gov OI Rocha, Luis/0000-0001-9402-887X FU NCI NIH HHS [CA-87661] NR 101 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 1094-8341 J9 PHYSIOL GENOMICS JI Physiol. Genomics PD JUN 17 PY 2004 VL 18 IS 1 BP 51 EP 62 DI 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00155.2003 PG 12 WC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity; Physiology SC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity; Physiology GA 829YT UT WOS:000222089100007 PM 15069167 ER PT J AU Coker, EN Boyle, TJ Rodriguez, MA Alam, TM AF Coker, EN Boyle, TJ Rodriguez, MA Alam, TM TI Structurally characterized magnesium carboxylates with tuned melting points SO POLYHEDRON LA English DT Article DE magnesium carboxylate; meltable; dispersion processing; thermal properties ID PHENOXYALKANOIC ACID INTERACTIONS; DIVALENT METAL-COMPLEXES; X-RAY STRUCTURES; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES; MOLECULAR-STRUCTURES; ALKALINE-EARTH; DIHYDRATE; TETRAHYDRATE; COORDINATION; ARYLOXIDES AB A novel family of carboxylic acid modified Mg species has been synthesized through the reaction of Mg(OEt)2 with a series of sterically varied carboxylic acids (HORc) where HORc=HO2CMC (HOAc), HO2CCHMe2 (HOPc), HO2CCMe3 (HOBc) and HO2CCH2CMe3 (HONc). The resultant products were isolated as [Mg(OAC)(2)](3)(HOAC)(2)(H2O)(2).2(HOAc) (1), [Mg(OPc)(2)(HOPc](6) (2), Mg(OBc)(2)(HOBC)(4) (3) and [Mg(ONO2(HONc)](6) (4). Compound I is trinuclear wherein the two terminal octahedral (Oh) bound Mg metal centers possess one terminal water, one terminal, one unidentate bridging and two bidentate bridging OAc ligands that symmetrically bind to the central Oh bound Mg cation. The water in 1 is believed to be generated in situ through an esterification process. In contrast, each of the six Mg atoms of 2 or 4 adopt a trigonal bipyramidal geometry by coordinating one terminal and four bidentate bridging ORc ligands that yield a ring (diameter 6.54 Angstrom for 2 and 6.57 Angstrom for 4) of bridging ORc ligands. Compound 3 binds two terminal OBc ligands and four terminal HOBc ligands to yield a monomeric complex with no water present. Standard analytical data were obtained but did not add significant amounts of information concerning the bulk properties of 1-4. Differential scanning calorimetry and thermal analysis indicated the melting point of these species was tunable. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Adv Mat Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. RP Coker, EN (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Adv Mat Lab, 1001 Univ Blvd SE, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. EM encoker@sandia.gov; tjboyle@sandia.gov NR 43 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0277-5387 J9 POLYHEDRON JI Polyhedron PD JUN 17 PY 2004 VL 23 IS 10 BP 1739 EP 1747 DI 10.1016/j.poly.2004.04.005 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA 834GL UT WOS:000222399500009 ER PT J AU Schoonover, JR Marx, R Nichols, WR AF Schoonover, JR Marx, R Nichols, WR TI Application of multivariate curve resolution analysis to FTIR kinetics data SO VIBRATIONAL SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Advanced Vibrational Spectroscopy CY AUG 24-29, 2003 CL Univ Nottingham, Nottingham, ENGLAND HO Univ Nottingham DE multivariate curve resolution; kinetics data; FTIR ID SPECTROSCOPY; SYSTEM AB Multivariate curve resolution (MCR) analysis has been utilized to extract spectra-like factors and concentration-related scores from Fourier transform infrared data sets. The infrared data sets are from the curing of a bismaleimide. The data and accompanying analysis are used to identify the curing temperature and the optimum experimental conditions for the curing. The MCR analysis provides a straightforward approach to assessing the data, unravels overlapping bands in the raw data, and assists in gaining insight to the chemistry of the curing of the bismaleimide of Cyanacure. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Schoonover, JR (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM schoons@lanl.gov NR 14 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0924-2031 J9 VIB SPECTROSC JI Vib. Spectrosc. PD JUN 17 PY 2004 VL 35 IS 1-2 BP 239 EP 245 DI 10.1016/j.vibspec.2004.02.004 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA 824LX UT WOS:000221689200038 ER PT J AU Wilde, P Lyons, TW Quinby-Hunt, MS AF Wilde, P Lyons, TW Quinby-Hunt, MS TI Organic carbon proxies in black shales: molybdenum SO CHEMICAL GEOLOGY LA English DT Article DE black shales; chemical proxies; organic carbon; molybdenum; baltica; avalonia ID PLATINUM-GROUP ELEMENTS; NORMAL MARINE SHALES; CARIACO BASIN; PYRITE FORMATION; EUXINIC SEDIMENTS; TRACE-METALS; DEEP-WATER; SULFUR; GEOCHEMISTRY; IRON AB Isotopic and elemental proxies are useful for discerning the original compositions of ancient rocks subject to later diagenetic/thermal alteration, low-rank metamorphism, outcrop weathering, etc. Recent work in the Cariaco Basin [Chem. Geol. 195 (2003) 13 1] has shown a high correlation between total organic carbon (TOC) content and Mo normalized to Al in these modem euxinic sediments: microlaminated, dark olive gray, silty clay (0-11.6 kyr BP), %TOC = 1486*(Mo/Al) + 2.8, n = 13, r(2) = 0.52, mean rate of deposition = 36 cm/kyr; distinctly microlaminated, dark olive gray, clayey mud (11.6-14.5 kyr BP), %TOC = 1622*(Mo/Al) + 0.22, n = 15, r(2) = 0.89, mean rate of deposition = 79 cm/kyr. Here, we use these relationships to estimate the original TOC contents of ancient black shales with overall characteristics similar to those of the modem Cariaco sediments. These "Group IV" black shales as defined by Quinby-Hunt and Wilde [Econ. Geol. 91 (1996) 4] are characterized by relatively high concentrations of V, Mo and Co but low Mn contents. The Cariaco regressions and those from the Carboniferous of Iowa and the Devonian of New York were used to estimate the 'original' TOC contents for Lower Ordovician black shales of the Baltica and Avalonia plates, where C., values were not taken. For individual samples, the Carboniferous regression produced TOC values approximately double that derived from the regression equation of the Cariaco Basin lower anoxic zone. Such variations among the results from the four regressions suggest that there is no universal proxy for TOC using Mo/Al. These calculated TOC values, however, are consistent with the higher levels of primary production predicted from the paleogeographic settings of these intervals. In general, the Mo proxy for original TOC content, while approximate, works for oxygen-deficient sites of deposition where other proxies for C loss, such as C-org/S-py ratios in normal (oxic) marine shales, do not apply. Estimates of original TOC from Mo content in samples spanning the geologic record, combined with paleogeography and paleoecology, should be useful in estimating pathways of C synthesis and remineralization in ancient oceans and initial hydrocarbon potential of petroleum source rocks. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Pangloss Fdn, Berkeley, CA 94709 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Missouri, Dept Geol Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Wilde, P (reprint author), Pangloss Fdn, 1735 Highland Pl, Berkeley, CA 94709 USA. EM pat.wilde.td.57@aya.yale.edu NR 51 TC 51 Z9 60 U1 1 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2541 J9 CHEM GEOL JI Chem. Geol. PD JUN 16 PY 2004 VL 206 IS 3-4 BP 167 EP 176 DI 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2003.12.005 PG 10 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 824BZ UT WOS:000221660300002 ER PT J AU Sato, H Fehler, M Saito, T AF Sato, H Fehler, M Saito, T TI Hybrid synthesis of scalar wave envelopes in two-dimensional random media having rich short-wavelength spectra SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH LA English DT Article DE envelope; scattering; random media; radiative transfer theory; stochastic approach ID POWER-LAW SPECTRA; 2D RANDOM-MEDIA; SEISMOGRAM ENVELOPES; INHOMOGENEOUS LITHOSPHERE; NONISOTROPIC SCATTERING; PARABOLIC APPROXIMATION; FINITE-DIFFERENCE; OUTGOING WAVES; SHEAR-WAVES; JAPAN AB Wave trains in high-frequency seismograms of local earthquakes are mostly composed of incoherent waves that are scattered by distributed heterogeneities within the lithosphere. Their phase variations are very complex; however, their wave envelopes are systematic, frequency-dependent, and vary regionally. Stochastic approaches are superior to deterministic wave-theoretical approaches for modeling wave envelopes in random media. The time width of a wavelet is broadened with increasing travel distance mostly because of diffraction caused by the long-wavelength components of random velocity inhomogeneity. The Markov approximation for the parabolic wave equation is effective for the synthesis of envelopes for random media whose spectra are poor in short-wavelength components; however, we have to consider the contribution of large-angle nonisotropic scattering if the random media are rich in short-wavelength inhomogeneities. Multiple nonisotropic scattering can be reliably modeled as isotropic scattering by using an effective isotropic scattering coefficient given by the momentum transfer scattering coefficient, which is a reciprocal of the transport mean free path. It is mostly controlled by the short-wavelength spectra of random media. We propose a hybrid method for the synthesis of whole wave envelopes that uses the envelope derived from the Markov approximation as a propagator in the radiative transfer integral equation for isotropic scattering. The envelopes resulting from the hybrid method agree well with ensemble average envelopes calculated by averaging envelopes from individual finite difference simulations of the wave equation for a suite of random media. C1 Tohoku Univ, Dept Geophys, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Sato, H (reprint author), Tohoku Univ, Dept Geophys, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan. EM sato@zisin.geophys.tohoku.ac.jp NR 31 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9313 EI 2169-9356 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth PD JUN 16 PY 2004 VL 109 IS B6 AR B06303 DI 10.1029/2003JB002673 PG 11 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 833HA UT WOS:000222326500001 ER PT J AU Bauer, ED Bobev, S Thompson, JD Hundley, MF Sarrao, JL Lobos, A Aligia, AA AF Bauer, ED Bobev, S Thompson, JD Hundley, MF Sarrao, JL Lobos, A Aligia, AA TI Intermediate valence behaviour in the new Kondo lattice compound Yb3Ni5Al19 SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article ID TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; YB; MODEL; CE; PRESSURE; ELECTRON; SYSTEMS; MOMENT AB The physical properties of single crystals of the Kondo lattice material Yb3Ni5Al19 have been investigated by means of magnetic susceptibility, specific heat, and electrical resistivity measurements. Single-crystal x-ray diffraction measurements indicate that Yb3Ni5Al19 adopts the Gd3Ni5Al19 orthorhombic crystal structure. This compound exhibits intermediate valence behaviour with a characteristic energy scale T-K similar to 500 K. Calculations of chi(T) based on the Anderson impurity model within the non-crossing approximation including crystalline electric field effects are also presented. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Comis Nacl Energia Atom, Ctr Atom Bariloche, RA-8400 San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina. Comis Nacl Energia Atom, Inst Balseiro, RA-8400 San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina. RP Bauer, ED (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Bauer, Eric/D-7212-2011; Lobos, Alejandro/I-5904-2013 NR 22 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 7 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD JUN 16 PY 2004 VL 16 IS 23 BP 4025 EP 4032 AR PII S0953-8984(04)75744-6 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/16/23/019 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 835KX UT WOS:000222483000024 ER PT J AU Carpick, RW Sasaki, DY Marcus, MS Eriksson, MA Burns, AR AF Carpick, RW Sasaki, DY Marcus, MS Eriksson, MA Burns, AR TI Polydiacetylene films: a review of recent investigations into chromogenic transitions and nanomechanical properties SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Review ID ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; LANGMUIR-BLODGETT-FILMS; GAS-WATER INTERFACE; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; WAVE-GUIDES; SUBSTITUTED POLYDIACETYLENES; CONJUGATED POLYMERS; PHASE-CONTRAST; CD2+ SALTS; THERMOCHROMISM AB Polydiacetylenes (PDAs) form a unique class of polymeric materials that couple highly aligned and conjugated backbones with tailorable pendant sidegroups and terminal functionalities. They can be structured in the form of bulk materials, multilayer and monolayer films, polymerized vesicles, and even incorporated into inorganic host matrices to form nanocomposites. The resulting materials exhibit an array of spectacular properties, beginning most notably with dramatic chromogenic transitions that can be activated optically, thermally, chemically, and mechanically. Recent studies have shown that these transitions can even be controlled and observed at the nanometre scale. These transitions have been harnessed for the purpose of chemical and biomolecular sensors, and on a more fundamental level have led to new insights regarding chromogenic phenomena in polymers. Other recent studies have explored how the strong structural anisotropy that these materials possess leads to anisotropic nanomechanical behaviour. These recent advances suggest that PDAs could be considered as a potential component in nanostructured devices due to the large number of tunable properties. In this paper, we provide a succinct review of the latest insights and applications involving PDA. We then focus in more detail on our work concerning ultrathin films, specifically structural properties, mechanochromism, thermochromism, and in-plane mechanical anisotropy of PDA monolayers. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and fluorescence microscopy confirm that films 1-3 monolayers thick can be organized into highly ordered domains, with the conjugated backbones parallel to the substrate. The number of stable layers is controlled by the head-group functionality. Local mechanical stress applied by AFM and near-field optical probes induces the chromogenic transition in the film at the nanometre scale. The transition involves substantial optical and structural changes in a highly compressed form. Thermochromism is also studied using spectroscopic ellipsometry and fluorescence intensity measurements, and reveals that ultrathin films can reversibly attain an intermediate phase before irreversibly transforming to a final stable state. Further AFM studies also reveal the relation between the highly anisotropic film structure and its nanomechanical properties. In particular, friction at the nanometre scale depends dramatically upon the angle between the polymer backbone and the sliding direction, with the maximum found when sliding perpendicular to the backbones. The observed threefold anisotropy in mechanical dissipation also leads to contrast in the phase response of intermittent-contact AFM, indicating for the first time that in-plane anisotropy of polymeric systems in general can be investigated using this technique. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Engn Phys, Madison, WI 53704 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Biomol Mat & Interfaces Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53704 USA. RP Univ Wisconsin, Dept Engn Phys, Madison, WI 53704 USA. NR 64 TC 146 Z9 146 U1 9 U2 108 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 EI 1361-648X J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD JUN 16 PY 2004 VL 16 IS 23 BP R679 EP R697 AR PII S0953-8984(04)56933-3 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/16/23/R01 PG 19 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 835KX UT WOS:000222483000004 ER PT J AU Thalji, RK Ellman, JA Bergman, RG AF Thalji, RK Ellman, JA Bergman, RG TI Highly efficient and enantioselective cyclization of aromatic imines via directed C-H bond activation SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID ASYMMETRIC CONJUGATE ADDITION; CARBON-HYDROGEN BONDS; METAL-COMPLEXES; ALKYLATION; INSERTION; LIGANDS; OLEFINS; PHOSPHORAMIDITES; HYDROACYLATION; 4-PENTENALS C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr New Direct Organ Synth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Ellman, JA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jellman@uclink.berkeley.edu; bergman@cchem.berkeley.edu RI Ellman, Jonathan/C-7732-2013 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM069559] NR 28 TC 154 Z9 154 U1 1 U2 22 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JUN 16 PY 2004 VL 126 IS 23 BP 7192 EP 7193 DI 10.1021/ja0394986 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 828HE UT WOS:000221963600019 PM 15186153 ER PT J AU Kohler, N Fryxell, GE Zhang, MQ AF Kohler, N Fryxell, GE Zhang, MQ TI A bifunctional poly(ethylene glycol) silane immobilized on metallic oxide-based nanoparticles for conjugation with cell targeting agents SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS; MAGNETITE NANOPARTICLES; INTRACELLULAR UPTAKE; FOLATE RECEPTOR; IN-VITRO; PARTICLES; PEG AB A trifluoroethylester-terminal poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) silane was synthesized and self-assembled on iron oxide nanoparticles. The nanoparticle system thus prepared has the flexibility to conjugate with cell targeting agents via either carboxylic or amine terminal groups for a number of biomedical applications, including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and controlled drug delivery. The trifluoroethylester silane was synthesized by modifying a PEG diacid to form the corresponding bistrifluoroethylester (TFEE), followed by a reaction with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APS). The APE; coupled with PEG chains confers the stability of PEG self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) and increases the PEG packing density on nanoparticles by establishing hydrogen bonding between the carbonyl and amine groups present within the monolayer structure. The success of the synthesis of the PEG TEFE silane was confirmed with H-1 NMR and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The conjugating flexibility of the PEG TEFE was demonstrated with folic acid that had carboxylic acid groups and amine terminal groups, respectively, and was confirmed by FTIR. TEM analysis showed the well-dispersed nanoparticles before and after they were coated with PEG and folic acid. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Mat, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Zhang, MQ (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM mzhang@u.washington.edu RI Zhang, Miqin/F-5537-2010 OI Zhang, Miqin/0000-0001-8974-1494 FU NCI NIH HHS [N01-CO37122] NR 23 TC 342 Z9 349 U1 26 U2 217 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JUN 16 PY 2004 VL 126 IS 23 BP 7206 EP 7211 DI 10.1021/ja049195r PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 828HE UT WOS:000221963600023 PM 15186157 ER PT J AU Walzer, U Hendel, R Baumgardner, J AF Walzer, U Hendel, R Baumgardner, J TI The effects of a variation of the radial viscosity profile on mantle evolution SO TECTONOPHYSICS LA English DT Review DE mantle convection; viscosity profile; melting temperature; plate-tectonic behavior; evolution of the earth ID DEPTH-DEPENDENT VISCOSITY; PLATE-BOUNDARY FORMATION; NON-NEWTONIAN RHEOLOGY; THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; 2-PHASE MODEL; EARTHS MANTLE; SHEAR LOCALIZATION; MGSIO3 PEROVSKITE; RAYLEIGH NUMBER AB The present paper describes a set of numerical experiments on the mantle's thermal evolution with an infinite Prandtl number fluid in a compressible spherical shell heated mainly from within. We used the anelastic liquid approximation with Earth-like material parameters. The usual variable-viscosity approach in mantle-convection models is the assumption of a temperature dependence only. The resulting thermal boundary layers are included in our model also, but an additional viscosity profile of the interior mantle was derived: The Birch-Murnaghan equation was employed to derive the Gruneisen parameter and other physical quantities as a function of depth from observational values provided by PREM. We computed the melting temperature and a new mantle viscosity profile, called eta3, using the Gruneisen parameter, Lindemann's law and some solid-state physics considerations. The new features of eta3 are a high-viscosity transition layer with rather high viscosity gradients at its boundaries, a second low-viscosity layer beginning under the 660-km discontinuity, and a strong viscosity increase in the central parts of the lower mantle. The rheology is Newtonian but it is supplemented by a viscoplastic yield stress, sigma(y). A viscosity-level parameter, r(n), and sigma(y) have been varied. For a medium-sized Rayleigh-number-yield-stress area, eta3 generates a stable, plate-tectonic behavior near the surface and simultaneously thin sheet-like downwellings in the depth. Outside this area, three other types of solution were found. Not only the planforms but also the evolution of the Rayleigh number, the reciprocal Urey number, the Nusselt number, the surface heat flow, etc., have been studied. We repeated this investigation with two very different basic viscosity profiles, etaKL5a and etaKM, of other authors. A comparison reveals that eta3 facilitates the generation of surface plates and thin sheet-like downwellings in the depth considerably more than etaKL5a or even etaKM. The presence of two internal low-viscosity layers is obviously conducive for plateness and thin sheet-like downwellings. For an infinite yield stress, the thin cold sheet-like downwellings are reticularly connected. However, the distribution of the downwellings is more Earth-like if a realistic yield stress is added. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Jena, Inst Geowissensch, D-07749 Jena, Germany. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Walzer, U (reprint author), Univ Jena, Inst Geowissensch, Burgweg 11, D-07749 Jena, Germany. EM u.walzer@uni-jena.de NR 102 TC 27 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0040-1951 J9 TECTONOPHYSICS JI Tectonophysics PD JUN 16 PY 2004 VL 384 IS 1-4 BP 55 EP 90 DI 10.1016/j.tecto.2004.02.012 PG 36 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 838IU UT WOS:000222707700003 ER PT J AU Waselenko, JK MacVittie, TJ Blakely, WF Pesik, N Wiley, AL Dickerson, WE Tsu, H Confer, DL Coleman, CN Seed, T Lowry, P Armitage, JO Dainiak, N AF Waselenko, JK MacVittie, TJ Blakely, WF Pesik, N Wiley, AL Dickerson, WE Tsu, H Confer, DL Coleman, CN Seed, T Lowry, P Armitage, JO Dainiak, N TI Medical management of the acute radiation syndrome: Recommendations of the Strategic National Stockpile Radiation Working Group SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR; BONE-MARROW-TRANSPLANTATION; STEM-CELL TRANSPLANTATION; TOTAL-BODY IRRADIATION; IMPROVES NEUTROPHIL RECOVERY; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD LYMPHOCYTES; EARLY DOSE ASSESSMENT; IONIZING-RADIATION; FUNGAL-INFECTIONS; FLUCONAZOLE PROPHYLAXIS AB Physicians, hospitals, and other health care facilities will assume the responsibility for aiding individuals injured by a terrorist act involving radioactive material. Scenarios have been developed for such acts that include a range of exposures resulting in few to many casualties. This consensus document was developed by the Strategic National Stockpile Radiation Working Group to provide a framework for physicians in internal medicine and the medical subspecialties to evaluate and manage large-scale radiation injuries. Individual radiation close is assessed by determining the time to onset and severity of nausea and vomiting, decline in absolute lymphocyte count over several hours or days after exposure, and appearance of chromosome aberrations (including dicentrics and ring forms) in peripheral blood lymphocytes. Documentation of clinical signs and symptoms (affecting the hematopoietic, gastrointestinal, cerebrovascular, and cutaneous systems) over time is essential for triage of victims, selection of therapy, and assignment of prognosis. Recommendations based on radiation dose and physiologic response are made for treatment of the hematopoietic syndrome. Therapy includes treatment with hematopoietic cytokines; blood transfusion; and, in selected cases, stem-cell transplantation. Additional medical management based on the evolution of clinical signs and symptoms includes the use of antimicrobial agents (quinolones, antiviral therapy, and antifungal agents), antiemetic agents, and analgesic agents. Because of the strong psychological impact of a possible radiation exposure, psychosocial support will be required for those exposed, regardless of the dose, as well as for family and friends. Treatment of pregnant women must account for risk to the fetus. For terrorist or accidental events involving exposure to radioicidines, prophylaxis against malignant disease of the thyroid is also recommended, particularly for children and adolescents. C1 Bridgeport Hosp, Dept Med, Bridgeport, CT USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC USA. Catholic Univ Amer, Washington, DC USA. Univ Maryland, Greenebaum Canc Ctr, Baltimore, MD USA. Armed Forces Radiobiol Res Inst, Bethesda, MD USA. NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. Off Emergency Preparedness & Response, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Strateg Natl Stockpile Program, Atlanta, GA USA. Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. Natl Marrow Donor Program, Minneapolis, MN USA. Univ Nebraska, Omaha, NE 68182 USA. Yale New Haven Hlth Syst, New Haven, CT USA. Yale Univ, Sch Med, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Dainiak, N (reprint author), Bridgeport Hosp, Dept Med, 267 Grant St, Bridgeport, CT USA. EM pndain@bpthosp.org NR 120 TC 316 Z9 334 U1 2 U2 19 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 USA SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 140 IS 12 BP 1037 EP 1051 PG 15 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 829NK UT WOS:000222055500008 PM 15197022 ER PT J AU Veryovkin, IV Belykh, SF Adriaens, A Zinovev, AV Adams, F AF Veryovkin, IV Belykh, SF Adriaens, A Zinovev, AV Adams, F TI On the trends in kinetic energies of secondary ions produced by polyatomic ion bombardment SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS 14) CY SEP 14-19, 2003 CL San Diego, CA DE molecular beams interactions with solids; secondary ion mass spectrometry ID MASS DISTRIBUTIONS; TANTALUM; SPECTRA; NIOBIUM AB Kinetic energies of Ta-n(+) and Nb-n(+) ions (1 less than or equal to n less than or equal to 10) sputtered from pure Ta and Nb targets by 6 keV per atom Au-, Au-2(-) and Au-3(-) primary ions have been compared after energy spectra of these ions were recalibrated using a newly developed data processing algorithm. Most probable and mean energies were determined for the sputtered ions, and their energy spectra were converted into distributions over inverse velocities. Distributions obtained for Ta and Nb displayed many similarities and no principal differences. The only differences seen were due to the difference in masses of the elements. On the other hand, strong differences were observed between results for atomic and diatomic sputtered ions and those for larger sputtered cluster ions (with more than seven atoms). The comparison of atomic and polyatomic bombardment showed dramatic changes in emission of atomic and diatomic sputtered species, and almost no differences for larger sputtered clusters. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Instelling Antwerp, Dept Chem, B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium. State Univ Ghent, Dept Analyt Chem, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. RP Veryovkin, IV (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM verigo@anl.gov RI Adriaens, Annemie/F-2520-2013 OI Adriaens, Annemie/0000-0003-4034-1881 NR 13 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4332 J9 APPL SURF SCI JI Appl. Surf. Sci. PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 231 SI SI BP 101 EP 105 DI 10.1016/j.apsusc.2004.03.051 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 834RG UT WOS:000222427700020 ER PT J AU Ohlhausen, JAT Keenan, MR Kotula, PG Peebles, DE AF Ohlhausen, JAT Keenan, MR Kotula, PG Peebles, DE TI Multivariate statistical analysis of time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry images using AXSIA SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS 14) CY SEP 14-19, 2003 CL San Diego, CA DE multivariate; components; statistical; AXSIA; TOF-SIMS AB Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) by its parallel nature, generates complex and very large datasets quickly and easily. An example of such a large dataset is a spectral image where a complete spectrum is collected for each pixel. Unfortunately, the large size of the data matrix involved makes it difficult to extract the chemical information from the data using traditional techniques. Because time constraints prevent an analysis of every peak, prior knowledge is used to select the most probable and significant peaks for evaluation. However, this approach may lead to a misinterpretation of the system under analysis. Ideally, the complete spectral image would be used to provide a comprehensive, unbiased materials characterization based on full spectral signatures. Automated eXpert spectral image analysis (AXSIA) software developed at Sandia National Laboratories implements a multivariate curve resolution technique that was originally developed for energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) [Microsci. Microanal. 9 (2003) 1]. This paper will demonstrate the application of the method to TOF-SIMS. AXSIA distills complex and very large spectral image datasets into a limited number of physically realizable and easily interpretable chemical components, including both spectra and concentrations. The number of components derived during the analysis represents the minimum number of components needed to completely describe the chemical information in the original dataset. Since full spectral signatures are used to determine each component, an enhanced signal-to-noise is realized. The efficient statistical aggregation of chemical information enables small and unexpected features to be automatically found without user intervention. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Ohlhausen, JAT (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM jaohlha@sandia.gov RI Kotula, Paul/A-7657-2011 OI Kotula, Paul/0000-0002-7521-2759 NR 2 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4332 J9 APPL SURF SCI JI Appl. Surf. Sci. PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 231 SI SI BP 230 EP 234 DI 10.1016/j.apsusc.2004.03.020 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 834RG UT WOS:000222427700044 ER PT J AU Keenan, MR Kotula, PG AF Keenan, MR Kotula, PG TI Optimal scaling of TOF-SIMS spectrum-images prior to multivariate statistical analysis SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS 14) CY SEP 14-19, 2003 CL San Diego, CA DE multivariate analysis; PCA; Poisson noise; TOF-SIMS imaging AB Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) is capable of generating huge volumes of data. TOF-SIMS spectrum-images, comprising complete mass spectra at each point in a spatial array, are easily acquired with modern instrumentation. With the addition of depth profiling, spectra can be collected from tip to three spatial dimensions leading to data sets that are seemingly unlimited in size. Multivariate statistical techniques such as principal component analysis, multivariate curve resolution and other factor analysis methods are being used to meet the challenge of turning that mountain of data into analytically useful knowledge. These methods work by extracting the essential chemical information embedded in the high dimensional data into a limited number of factors that describe the spectrally active pure components present in the sample. A review of the recent literature shows that the mass spectral data are often scaled prior to multivariate analysis. Common preprocessing steps include normalization of the pixel intensities, and auto- or variance-scaling of the mass spectra. In this paper, we will demonstrate that these pretreatments can lead to less than satisfactory results and, in fact, can be counterproductive. By taking the Poisson nature of the data into consideration, however, a scaling method can be devised that is optimal in a maximum likelihood sense. Using a simple and intuitive example, we will demonstrate the superiority of the optimal scaling approach for estimating the number of pure components, for segregating the chemical information into as few components as possible, and for discriminating small features from noise. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Keenan, MR (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM mrkeena@sandia.gov RI Kotula, Paul/A-7657-2011 OI Kotula, Paul/0000-0002-7521-2759 NR 8 TC 59 Z9 59 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4332 J9 APPL SURF SCI JI Appl. Surf. Sci. PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 231 SI SI BP 240 EP 244 DI 10.1016/j.apsusc.2004.03.025 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 834RG UT WOS:000222427700046 ER PT J AU Smentkowski, VS Ohlhausen, JA Kotula, PG Keenan, MR AF Smentkowski, VS Ohlhausen, JA Kotula, PG Keenan, MR TI Multivariate statistical analysis of time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry images-looking beyond the obvious SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS 14) CY SEP 14-19, 2003 CL San Diego, CA DE ToF-SIMS; AXSIA; MVSA; multivariate statistical analysis; burst pulsing mode AB Analytical instrumentation such as time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) provides a tremendous quantity of data since an entire mass spectrum is saved at each pixel in an ion image. The analyst often selects only a few species for detailed analysis; the majority of the data are not utilized. Researchers at Sandia National Laboratory (SNL) have developed a powerful multivariate statistical analysis (MVSA) toolkit named AXSIA (Automated eXpert Spectrum Image Analysis) that looks for trends in complete datasets (e.g., analyzes the entire mass spectrum at each pixel). A unique feature of the AXSIA toolkit is the generation of intuitive results (e.g., negative peaks are not allowed in the spectral response). The robust statistical process is able to unambiguously identify all of the spectral features uniquely associated with each distinct component throughout the dataset. General Electric and Sandia used AXSIA to analyze raw data files generated on an Ion TofIV ToF-SIMS instrument. Here, we will show that the MVSA toolkit identified metallic contaminants within a defect in a polymer sample. These metallic contaminants were not identifiable using standard data analysis protocol. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights C1 Gen Elect, Global Res Ctr, Niskayuna, NY 12309 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Smentkowski, VS (reprint author), Gen Elect, Global Res Ctr, Bldg K1,Room 1C2, Niskayuna, NY 12309 USA. EM smentkow@crd.ge.com RI Kotula, Paul/A-7657-2011 OI Kotula, Paul/0000-0002-7521-2759 NR 7 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4332 J9 APPL SURF SCI JI Appl. Surf. Sci. PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 231 SI SI BP 245 EP 249 DI 10.1016/j.apsusc.2004.03.027 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 834RG UT WOS:000222427700047 ER PT J AU Zhu, ZM Kelley, MJ AF Zhu, ZM Kelley, MJ TI Effect of deep UV (172 nm) irradiation on PET: ToF/SIMS analysis SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS 14) CY SEP 14-19, 2003 CL San Diego, CA DE surface modification; surface characterization; ToF/SIMS; polymer photochemistry ID ION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; TOF-SIMS; SURFACE; POLY(ETHYLENE-TEREPHTHALATE); INTENSITY; RADIATION; FILMS AB Irradiation of PET with 172 nm UV light in the absence of oxygen induces carbonyl elimination and carboxylic acid formation. Using ToF/SIMS to examine irradiated and as received materials with and without deuteration provides insight into the mechanisms. A Norrish type II mechanism is indicated for acid group formation and the mechanism of Day and Wiles [J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 16 (1972) 175; Polym. Lett. 9 (1971) 665] for decarbonylation. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Coll William & Mary, Appl Res Ctr, Dept Appl Sci, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Jefferson Lab, Free Electron Laser Dept, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Kelley, MJ (reprint author), Coll William & Mary, Appl Res Ctr, Dept Appl Sci, Suite 601,12050 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. EM mkelley@jlab.org NR 14 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4332 J9 APPL SURF SCI JI Appl. Surf. Sci. PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 231 SI SI BP 302 EP 308 DI 10.1016/j.apsusc.2004.03.068 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 834RG UT WOS:000222427700058 ER PT J AU Quong, JN Knize, MG Kulp, KS Wu, KJ AF Quong, JN Knize, MG Kulp, KS Wu, KJ TI Molecule-specific imaging analysis of carcinogens in breast cancer cells using time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS 14) CY SEP 14-19, 2003 CL San Diego, CA DE TOF-SIMS; imaging; MCF-7 cell ID FREEZE-FRACTURE; IDENTIFICATION; MUTAGEN AB Imaging time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) was used to study the localization of heterocyclic amines in MCF-7 line of human breast cancer cells. The detection sensitivities of amodel rodentmutagen, 2-amino-l-methyl-6phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP), were determined. Following an established criteria for the determination of status of freeze-fracture cells, the distribution of PhIP in the MCF-7 cells was reported. (C) 2004 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Chem & Mat Sci, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biol & Biotechnol Res Program, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Wu, KJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Chem & Mat Sci, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 7 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4332 J9 APPL SURF SCI JI Appl. Surf. Sci. PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 231 SI SI BP 424 EP 427 DI 10.1016/j.apsusc.2004.03.156 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 834RG UT WOS:000222427700081 ER PT J AU Gaspar, DJ Laskin, A Wang, W Hunt, SW Finlayson-Pitts, BJ AF Gaspar, DJ Laskin, A Wang, W Hunt, SW Finlayson-Pitts, BJ TI TOF-SIMS analysis of sea salt particles: imaging and depth profiling in the discovery of an unrecognized mechanism for pH buffering SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS 14) CY SEP 14-19, 2003 CL San Diego, CA DE TOF-SIMS; imaging; depth profiling; sea salt; environmental chemistry ID CLIMATE AB As part of a broader effort at understanding the chemistry of sea salt particles, we have performed time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy (TOF-SIMS) analysis of individual sea salt particles deposited on a transmission electron microscopy (TEM) grid. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and TOF-SIMS analysis have, in conjunction with OH exposure studies, led to the discovery of an unrecognized buffering mechanism in the uptake and oxidation of SO2 in sea salt particles in the marine boundary layer. This chemistry may resolve some discrepancies in the atmospheric chemistry literature. Several challenges during the acquisition and interpretation of both imaging and depth profiling data on specific particles on the TEM grid identified by the SEM were overcome. A description of the analysis challenges and the solutions ultimately developed to them is presented here, along with an account of how the TOF-SIMS data were incorporated into the overall research effort. Several issues unique to the analysis of high aspect ratio particles are addressed. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm & Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Chem, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. RP Gaspar, DJ (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm & Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM daniel.gaspar@pnl.gov RI Gaspar, Dan/H-6166-2011; Laskin, Alexander/I-2574-2012 OI Laskin, Alexander/0000-0002-7836-8417 NR 8 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 3 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4332 J9 APPL SURF SCI JI Appl. Surf. Sci. PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 231 SI SI BP 520 EP 523 DI 10.1016/j.apsusc.2004.03.046 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 834RG UT WOS:000222427700101 ER PT J AU Reedy, RC Geisz, JF Ptak, AJ Keyes, BM Metzger, WK AF Reedy, RC Geisz, JF Ptak, AJ Keyes, BM Metzger, WK TI Characterization of light element impurities in gallium-nitride-phosphide by SIMS analysis SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS 14) CY SEP 14-19, 2003 CL San Diego, CA DE SIMS; background; raster; light element; GaNP AB GaNP thin films grown by epitaxial processes show little or no carbon or oxygen incorporation when measured by secondary ion mass spectrometry. Accurate determination of impurity concentration is important for understanding the optical and electrical properties of this material. A new method for background subtraction is proposed, with the main assumption that the background contribution is inversely proportional to the secondary ion matrix signal. The total impurity concentration, i.e. the sum of real and background, is given by the inverse function. Efforts are taken to reduce background limits before background subtraction is performed. As the matrix signal increases, the background contribution becomes insignificant as the total impurity level approaches the real level. Multiple data points are obtained from several sputter rates. The real impurity level is obtained from the least-squares fit of the total impurity concentration versus matrix signal. Background subtraction via inverse function is an intuitive method that can be effectively used to remove gas-phase contributions in measurements of light elements in the thin films grown by epitaxial processes. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Reedy, RC (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, MS 3215,1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM bob_reedy@nrel.gov NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4332 J9 APPL SURF SCI JI Appl. Surf. Sci. PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 231 SI SI BP 808 EP 812 DI 10.1016/j.apsusc.2004.03.080 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 834RG UT WOS:000222427700160 ER PT J AU Kettle, S Chater, RJ Graham, GA McPhail, DS Kearsley, AT AF Kettle, S Chater, RJ Graham, GA McPhail, DS Kearsley, AT TI FIB-SIMS analysis of micro-particle impacts on spacecraft materials returned from low-earth orbit SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS 14) CY SEP 14-19, 2003 CL San Diego, CA DE micro-particle; impacts; LEO; FIB-SIMS; LMIS AB Returned materials from spacecraft that have had a long exposure in low earth orbit have been examined for remnant projectile residues by liquid metal ion source (LMIS) sputtering and SIMS. It has been possible to distinguish between residue material and the underlying substrate in impact sites as well as the origin of the residue, man-made or extraterrestrial. This approach has also allowed examination of the sub-micrometer internal structures of residue remnants. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Mat, London SW7 2AZ, England. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, IGPP, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Nat Hist Museum, Dept Mineral, London SW7 5BD, England. RP Chater, RJ (reprint author), Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Mat, London SW7 2AZ, England. EM r.chater@imperial.ac.uk NR 7 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4332 J9 APPL SURF SCI JI Appl. Surf. Sci. PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 231 SI SI BP 893 EP 898 DI 10.1016/j.apsusc.2004.03.161 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 834RG UT WOS:000222427700178 ER PT J AU Cliff, JB Gaspar, DJ Bottomley, PJ Myrold, DD AF Cliff, JB Gaspar, DJ Bottomley, PJ Myrold, DD TI Peak fitting to resolve CN- isotope ratios in biological and environmental samples using TOF-SIMS SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS 14) CY SEP 14-19, 2003 CL San Diego, CA DE TOF-SIMS; environmental; nitrogen; peak fitting; biological ID ION MASS-SPECTROMETRY AB Our research has focused on developing TOF-SIMS to measure organic N-15 in environmental samples [Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 68 (8) (2002) 4067]. Our goal was to develop a peak-fitting algorithm that would successfully remove the isobaric interferences of Al- and (CN-)-C-13-N-14 from (CN-)-C-12-N-15 ions under conditions of low mass resolution inherent in environmental samples. We tested a variety of peak-fitting models and found that the EMG + GMG (E + G) model performed better than the standard peak shape shifting method under conditions of high mass resolution, unless Al- was present as an interference. Under conditions of Al- interference and low N-15 content, the standard method performed better than the E + G model. As N-15 content increased, the E + G model worked comparably or better than the standard method. Limited mass resolution during analysis of organic N-15 standards on kaolin clay dictated using the standard method which performed acceptably on standards containing greater than 1 at.% N-15. These data emphasize the potential utility of using analytical models to resolve isobaric interferences in TOF-SIMS. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oregon State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm & Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Cliff, JB (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, 3017 Ag & Life Sci Bldg, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM john.cliff@oregonstate.edu RI Cliff, John/C-7696-2011; Myrold, David/E-1813-2011; Gaspar, Dan/H-6166-2011 OI Cliff, John/0000-0002-7395-5604; Myrold, David/0000-0001-6418-226X; NR 9 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4332 J9 APPL SURF SCI JI Appl. Surf. Sci. PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 231 SI SI BP 912 EP 916 DI 10.1016/j.apsusc.2004.03.169 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 834RG UT WOS:000222427700182 ER PT J AU Veryovkin, IV Calaway, WF Moore, JF Pellin, MJ Lewellen, JW Li, YL Milton, SV King, BV Petravic, M AF Veryovkin, IV Calaway, WF Moore, JF Pellin, MJ Lewellen, JW Li, YL Milton, SV King, BV Petravic, M TI A new horizon in secondary neutral mass spectrometry: post-ionization using a VUV free electron laser SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS 14) CY SEP 14-19, 2003 CL San Diego, CA DE secondary neutral mass spectrometry; photoionization of atoms and molecules; laser desorption; free electron laser ID SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS AB A new time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometer incorporating post-ionization of sputtered neutral species with tunable vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) light generated by a free electron laser (FEL) has been developed. Capabilities of this instrument, called SPIRIT, were demonstrated by experiments with photoionization of sputtered neutral gold atoms with 125 nm light generated by the VUV FEL located at Argonne National Laboratory (ANL). In a separate series of experiments with a fixed wavelength VUV light source, a 157 nm F-2 laser, a useful yield (atoms detected per atoms sputtered) of about 12% and a mass resolution better than 1500 were demonstrated for molybdenum. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Newcastle, Dept Phys, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia. Australian Natl Univ, Dept Elect Mat Engn, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. RP Veryovkin, IV (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Bldg 200,9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM verigo@anl.gov RI Pellin, Michael/B-5897-2008 OI Pellin, Michael/0000-0002-8149-9768 NR 15 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4332 J9 APPL SURF SCI JI Appl. Surf. Sci. PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 231 SI SI BP 962 EP 966 DI 10.1016/j.apsusc.2004.03.191 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 834RG UT WOS:000222427700193 ER PT J AU Maharrey, S Bastasz, R Behrens, R Highley, A Hoffer, S Kruppa, G Whaley, J AF Maharrey, S Bastasz, R Behrens, R Highley, A Hoffer, S Kruppa, G Whaley, J TI High mass resolution SIMS SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS 14) CY SEP 14-19, 2003 CL San Diego, CA DE chemical imaging; FTICR; LMIS; PCA; reflectron; ToF AB We are developing a method to conduct SIMS analysis at high mass resolution (mlDeltam > 50,000), to facilitate the examination and study of complex organic and biomolecules on surfaces. The approach uses a primary-ion beam probe (rastered 25 keV Ga+ ion source), providing high (100 nm) spatial resolution, and an ion cyclotron resonance (ICR) cell, capable of mass analysis at a resolution in excess of 105 and mass accuracy of less than 1.0 ppm. The apparatus includes a time-of-flight (ToF) mass analyzer, offering rapid chemical mapping at low (m/Deltam < 10,000) mass resolution to identify points of interest for subsequent high mass resolution analysis. To combine both ICR and TOF mass analysis in one instrument requires the sample to be near ground potential, to inject secondary ions into the grounded ICR cell at low enough kinetic energies to permit high trapping efficiency. Consequently, the optics and detector for ToF analysis must be electrically floating at the desired acceleration potential for the secondary ions. For high-resolution mass analysis, secondary ions are transmitted to the ICR cell, which is in line-of-sight to the sample and immersed in a homogeneous magnetic field (7 T). Initial results from the instrument show that it is possible to trap simple ions effectively for high-resolution analysis, but high-mass ions (m/z > 300), although, readily detected by the ToF analyzer, are inefficiently transmitted to the ICR cell. This has stimulated the design of a new ion optics coupling arrangement, which provides a higher mass resolution over a wider mass range. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Maharrey, S (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 969,MS 9052, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM spmahar@sandia.gov NR 4 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4332 J9 APPL SURF SCI JI Appl. Surf. Sci. PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 231 SI SI BP 972 EP 975 DI 10.1016/j.apsusc.2004.03.197 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 834RG UT WOS:000222427700195 ER PT J AU Weber, TJ Negash, S Smallwood, HS Ramos, KS Thrall, BD Squier, TC AF Weber, TJ Negash, S Smallwood, HS Ramos, KS Thrall, BD Squier, TC TI Calmodulin involvement in stress-activated nuclear localization of albumin in JB6 epithelial cells SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID MEMBRANE CA-ATPASE; ANTIOXIDANT RESPONSE ELEMENT; PROXIMAL TUBULAR CELLS; PROTEIN-KINASE-C; FACTOR-KAPPA-B; SARCOPLASMIC-RETICULUM CA2+-ATPASE; MOUSE EPIDERMAL-CELLS; SMOOTH-MUSCLE CELLS; YA-SUBUNIT GENE; NEOPLASTIC TRANSFORMATION AB We report that albumin is translocated to the nucleus in response to oxidative stress. Prior measurements have demonstrated that in concert with known transcription factors albumin binds to an antioxidant response element, which controls the expression of glutathione S-transferase and other antioxidant enzymes that function to mediate adaptive cellular responses [Holderman, M. T., Miller, K. P., Dangott, L. J., and Ramos, K. S. (2002) Mol. Pharmacol. 61, 1174-1183]. To investigate the mechanisms underlying this adaptive cell response, we have identified linkages between calcium signaling and the nuclear translocation of albumin in JB6 epithelial cells. Under resting conditions, albumin and the calcium regulatory protein calmodulin (CaM) co-immunoprecipitate using antibodies against either protein, indicating a tight association. Calcium activation of CaM disrupts the association between CaM and albumin, suggesting that transient increases in cytosolic calcium levels function to mobilize intracellular albumin to facilitate its translocation into the nucleus. Likewise, nuclear translocation of albumin is induced by exposure of cells to hydrogen peroxide or a phorbol ester, indicating a functional linkage between reactive oxygen species, calcium, and PKC-signaling pathways. Inclusion of an antioxidant enzyme (i.e., superoxide dismutase) blocks nuclear translocation, suggesting that the oxidation of sensitive proteins functions to coordinate the adaptive cellular response. These results suggest that elevated calcium transients and associated increases in reactive oxygen species contribute to adaptive cellular responses through the mobilization and nuclear translocation of cellular albumin. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Cell Biol Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Louisville, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. RP Weber, TJ (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Cell Biol Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM thomas.weber@pnl.gov FU NIA NIH HHS [AG12993] NR 67 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 43 IS 23 BP 7443 EP 7450 DI 10.1021/bi049731s PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 827QI UT WOS:000221915100020 PM 15182187 ER PT J AU Wiens, RC Bochsler, P Burnett, DS Wimmer-Schweingruber, RF AF Wiens, RC Bochsler, P Burnett, DS Wimmer-Schweingruber, RF TI Solar and solar-wind isotopic compositions SO EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS LA English DT Article DE solar wind; solar abundances; solar nebula ID ENERGETIC PARTICLES; LUNAR-SAMPLES; BOARD SOHO; PROTOSOLAR CLOUD; ION MEASUREMENTS; ABUNDANCE RATIO; NOBLE-GASES; NITROGEN; HE-3; FRACTIONATION AB With only a few exceptions, the solar photosphere is thought to have retained the mean isotopic composition of the original solar nebula, so that, with some corrections, the photosphere provides a baseline for comparison of all other planetary materials. There are two sources of information on the photospheric isotopic composition: optical observations, which have succeeded in determining a few isotopic ratios with large uncertainties, and the solar wind, measured either in situ by spacecraft instruments or as implanted ions into lunar or asteroidal soils or collection substrates. Gravitational settling from the outer convective zone (OCZ) into the radiative core is viewed as the only solar modification of solar-nebula isotopic compositions to affect all elements. Evidence for gravitational settling is indirect, as observations are presently less precise than the predictions of < 10 effects for the isotopes of solid-forming elements. Additional solar modification has occurred for light isotopes (D, Li, Be, B) due to nuclear destruction at the base of the convection zone, and due to production by nuclear reactions of photospheric materials with high-energy particles from the corona. Isotopic fractionation of long-term average samples of solar wind has been suggested by theory. There is some evidence, though not unambiguous, indicating that interstream (slow) wind is isotopically lighter than high-speed wind from coronal holes, consistent with Coulomb drag theories. The question of fractionation has not been clearly answered because the precision of spacecraft instruments is not sufficient to clearly demonstrate the predicted fractionations, which are < 30 per amu between fast and slow wind for most elements. Analysis of solar-wind noble gases extracted from lunar and asteroidal soils, when compared with the terrestrial atmospheric composition, also suggests solar-wind fractionation consistent with Coulomb drag theories. Observations of solar and solar-wind compositions are reviewed for nearly all elements from hydrogen to iron, as well as the heavy noble gases. Other than Li and the noble gases, there is presently no evidence for differences among stable isotopes between terrestrial and solar photosphere compositions. Although spacecraft observations of solar-wind isotopes have added significantly to our knowledge within the past decade, more substantial breakthroughs are likely to be seen within the next several years with the return of long-exposure solar-wind samples from the Genesis mission, which should yield much higher precision measurements than in situ spacecraft instruments. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. Univ Bern, Inst Phys, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland. CALTECH, Dept Geol, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Univ Kiel, Inst Expt & Angew Phys, D-24118 Kiel, Germany. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mail Stop D-466, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. EM rwiens@lanl.gov NR 73 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0012-821X EI 1385-013X J9 EARTH PLANET SC LETT JI Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 222 IS 3-4 BP 697 EP 712 DI 10.1016/j.epsl.2004.03.025 PG 16 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 831OB UT WOS:000222202700001 ER PT J AU Trehu, AM Long, PE Torres, ME Bohrmann, G Rack, FR Collett, TS Goldberg, DS Milkov, AV Riedel, M Schultheiss, P Bangs, NL Barr, SR Borowski, WS Claypool, GE Delwiche, ME Dickens, GR Gracia, E Guerin, G Holland, M Johnson, JE Lee, YJ Liu, CS Su, X Teichert, B Tomaru, H Vanneste, M Watanabe, M Weinberger, JL AF Trehu, AM Long, PE Torres, ME Bohrmann, G Rack, FR Collett, TS Goldberg, DS Milkov, AV Riedel, M Schultheiss, P Bangs, NL Barr, SR Borowski, WS Claypool, GE Delwiche, ME Dickens, GR Gracia, E Guerin, G Holland, M Johnson, JE Lee, YJ Liu, CS Su, X Teichert, B Tomaru, H Vanneste, M Watanabe, M Weinberger, JL TI Three-dimensional distribution of gas hydrate beneath southern Hydrate Ridge: constraints from ODP Leg 204 SO EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS LA English DT Article DE gas hydrates; Ocean Drilling Program; methane; accretionary margins; marine sediments ID METHANE HYDRATE; BLAKE RIDGE; LATEST PALEOCENE; CASCADIA MARGIN; SEDIMENTS; PROVINCES; DEPOSITS; REGION; OREGON; ORIGIN AB Large uncertainties about the energy resource potential and role in global climate change of gas hydrates result from uncertainty about how much hydrate is contained in marine sediments. During Leg 204 of the Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) to the accretionary complex of the Cascadia subduction zone, we sampled the gas hydrate stability zone (GHSZ) from the seafloor to its base in contrasting geological settings defined by a 3D seismic survey. By integrating results from different methods, including several new techniques developed for Leg 204, we overcome the problem of spatial under-sampling inherent in robust methods traditionally used for estimating the hydrate content of cores and obtain a high-resolution, quantitative estimate of the total amount and spatial variability of gas hydrate in this structural system. We conclude that high gas hydrate content (30-40% of pore space or 20-26% of total volume) is restricted to the upper tens of meters below the seafloor near the summit of the structure, where vigorous fluid venting occurs. Elsewhere, the average gas hydrate content of the sediments in the gas hydrate stability zone is generally < 2% of the pore space, although this estimate may increase by a factor of 2 when patchy zones of locally higher gas hydrate content are included in the calculation. These patchy zones are structurally and stratigraphically controlled, contain up to 20% hydrate in the pore space when averaged over zones similar to 10 m thick, and may occur in up to similar to 20% of the region imaged by 3D seismic data. This heterogeneous gas hydrate distribution is an important constraint on models of gas hydrate formation in marine sediments and the response of the sediments to tectonic and environmental change. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Oregon State Univ, Coll Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Bremen, Dept Geosci, D-28359 Bremen, Germany. JOI, Washington, DC 20036 USA. US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA. Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Borehole Res Grp, Palisades, NY 10964 USA. Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. Geol Survey Canada, Pacific Geosci Ctr, Sidney, BC V8L 4B2, Canada. GEOTEK, Daventry NN11 5RD, Northants, England. Univ Texas, Inst Geophys, Austin, TX 78759 USA. Univ Leicester, Dept Geol, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England. Eastern Kentucky Univ, Dept Earth Sci, Richmond, KY 40475 USA. Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. Rice Univ, Dept Earth Sci, Houston, TX 77005 USA. Ctr Mediterrani Invest Marines & Ambientals, Unitat Tecnol Marina, Barcelona 08003, Spain. Arizona State Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. Korea Inst Geosci & Mineral Resources, Petr & Marine Resources Res Div, Taejon 305350, South Korea. Natl Taiwan Univ, Inst Oceanog, Taipei 106, Taiwan. China Univ Geosci, Ctr Marine Geol, Beijing, Peoples R China. Univ Bremen, Forschungszentrum Ozeanrander, D-28334 Bremen, Germany. Univ Tokyo, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. Univ Tromso, Dept Geol, N-9037 Tromso, Norway. Geol Survey Japan, Inst Geosci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058567, Japan. Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Trehu, AM (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Coll Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM trehu@coas.oregonstate.edu RI Bangs, Nathan/A-1584-2009; Dickens, Gerald/G-1222-2011; Long, Philip/F-5728-2013; Gracia, Eulalia/E-6153-2013; Bohrmann, Gerhard/D-4474-2017; OI Bangs, Nathan/0000-0002-4377-3463; Long, Philip/0000-0003-4152-5682; Gracia, Eulalia/0000-0001-9311-3108; Bohrmann, Gerhard/0000-0001-9976-4948; Johnson, Joel/0000-0002-5671-7209; Liu, Char-Shine/0000-0003-0357-714X NR 42 TC 153 Z9 166 U1 4 U2 52 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0012-821X J9 EARTH PLANET SC LETT JI Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 222 IS 3-4 BP 845 EP 862 DI 10.1016/j.epsl.2004.03.035 PG 18 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 831OB UT WOS:000222202700012 ER PT J AU Christensen, JN Dresel, PE Conrad, ME Maher, K Depaolo, DJ AF Christensen, JN Dresel, PE Conrad, ME Maher, K Depaolo, DJ TI Identifying the sources of subsurface contamination at the Hanford Site in Washington using high-precision uranium isotopic measurements SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INDUCTIVELY-COUPLED PLASMA; MULTIPLE-COLLECTOR-ICPMS; RIVER PLAIN AQUIFER; RATIO MEASUREMENT; EVOLUTION AB In the mid-1990s, a groundwater plume of uranium (U) was detected in monitoring wells in the B-BX-BY Waste Management Area at the Hanford Site in Washington. This area has been used since the late 1940s to store high-level radioactive waste and other products of U fuel-rod processing. Using multiple-collector ICP source magnetic sector mass spectrometry, high-precision uranium isotopic analyses were conducted of samples of vadose zone contamination and of groundwater. The isotope ratios U-236/U-238, U-234/U-238, and U-231/U-235 are used to distinguish contaminant sources. On the basis of the isotopic data, the source of the groundwater contamination appears to be related to a 1951 overflow event at tank BX-102 that spilled high-level U waste into the vadose zone. The U isotopic variation of the groundwater plume is a result of mixing between contaminant U from this spill and natural background U. Vadose zone U contamination at tank B-110 likely predates the recorded tank leak and can be ruled out as a significant source of groundwater contamination, based on the U isotopic composition. The locus of vadose zone contamination is displaced from the initial locus of groundwater contamination, indicating that lateral migration in the vadose zone was at least 8 times greater than vertical migration. The time evolution of the groundwater plume suggests an average U migration rate of similar to0.7-0.8 m/day showing slight retardation relative to a groundwater flow of similar to1 m/day. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Ctr Isotope Geochem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Christensen, JN (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Ctr Isotope Geochem, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 70A4418, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jnchristensen@lbl.gov RI Conrad, Mark/G-2767-2010; Maher, Kate/B-3489-2010; Christensen, John/D-1475-2015 OI Maher, Kate/0000-0002-5982-6064; NR 30 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 14 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 38 IS 12 BP 3330 EP 3337 DI 10.1021/es034700q PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 829MA UT WOS:000222051400028 PM 15260332 ER PT J AU Laudal, DL Thompson, JS Pavlish, JH Brickett, LA Chu, P AF Laudal, DL Thompson, JS Pavlish, JH Brickett, LA Chu, P TI Use of continuous mercury monitors at coal-fired utilities SO FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Air Quality 3rd Conference on Mercury Trace Elements and Particulate Matter CY SEP 09-12, 2002 CL Arlington, VA AB In December 2000, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) published a notice of its determination that regulation of coal-fired utilities for mercury is appropriate and necessary as part of the hazardous air pollutant emission regulation for electric utility steam-generating units. To aid in the determination of mercury emissions from these sources, on-line mercury semicontinuous emission monitors (Hg SCEMs) have been developed and tested in recent years. Although Hg SCEMs have shown promise during these previous tests, rigorous field or long-term testing has not been done. In the past year, commercially available and prototype Hg SCEMs have been used by the Energy and Environmental Research Center (EERC) and others at several power plants. As part of the EERC work, Hg SCEMs were operated at a range of conditions and locations. In addition, the Hg SCEMs were operated for up to 1 month. The use of Hg SCEMs at these plants allowed for near-real-time data to be collected under changing plant conditions, as well as during normal ranges of operating conditions. Mercury emission data were obtained from different plants with different configurations. The plant configurations incorporated various pollution control technologies, including selective catalytic reduction (SCR), selective noncatalytic reduction, ammonium sulfate injection for flue gas conditioning, and flue gas desulfurization (FGD). The particulate control devices included electrostatic precipitators (ESPs), a fabric filter (FF), and a venturi scrubber. The testing at these sites included the operation of Hg SCEMs before and after particulate control devices, in wet and dry stack conditions, and at high temperatures (343 degreesC). The results from these field measurements have provided data that have been evaluated to determine the reliability, variability, biases, and overall capability of Hg SCEMs fur monitoring mercury at coal-fired utilities. Even under the best conditions, operation of Hg SCEMs is by no means simple. Their operation at high-dust-condition locations (i.e., prior to the particulate control device), wet stack conditions, and high temperatures has tested the ruggedness of the Hg SCEMs. As a result of this testing, some of the critical factors affecting accuracy, precision, and reliability have been made apparent. The overall capability of Hg SCEMs to produce near-real-time data (data every 5 min) was also evaluated under these conditions. The duration of the tests ranged from short-term periods (1-2 h) up to 1 month. Evaluation of the data over the longer-term tests shows the range of mercury emissions due to the variability of mercury in the coal and the normal range of operating parameters for the unit. The range of data is important when control strategies and managing emission inventories are considered. EPA has not determined what type of monitoring or testing requirements will be included in the upcoming electric utility mercury regulations. There is, of course, interest in requiring the use of Hg SCEMs. However, our research to date has shown that commercially available Hg SCEMs are not capable of operating unattended to produce reliable and accurate emission data. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ N Dakota, Energy & Environm Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. Elect Power Res Inst, Palo Alto, CA 94303 USA. RP Laudal, DL (reprint author), Univ N Dakota, Energy & Environm Res Ctr, POB 9018, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. EM dlaudal@undeerc.org; brickett@netl.doe.gov; pchu@epri.com NR 6 TC 31 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-3820 J9 FUEL PROCESS TECHNOL JI Fuel Process. Technol. PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 85 IS 6-7 BP 501 EP 511 DI 10.1016/j.fuproc.2003.11.005 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Applied; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 815GQ UT WOS:000221031200008 ER PT J AU O'Dowd, WJ Hargis, RA Granite, EJ Pennline, HW AF O'Dowd, WJ Hargis, RA Granite, EJ Pennline, HW TI Recent advances in mercury removal technology at the National Energy Technology Laboratory SO FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Air Quality 3rd Conference on Mercury Trace Elements and Particulate Matter CY SEP 09-12, 2002 CL Arlington, VA DE mercury; fly ash; pulverized coal-fired ID MODELING SORBENT INJECTION; BAGHOUSE FILTERS; FLUE-GAS AB The in-house research effort on mercury studies at the National Energy Technology Laboratory is an integrated, multi-task approach, including experimentation at both the laboratory-scale and the pilot-scale, as well as a numerical modeling effort to aid in interpretation of pilot-scale results. In the laboratory-scale work, novel sorbents and techniques for the removal of mercury from flue gas are being investigated using a small packed-bed reactor. The reactor system is used to screen novel sorbents for their capability to remove mercury from gas streams. The capacities of these novel sorbents are determined as a function of gas composition and temperature and are compared to results with commercially available activated carbons. In the pilot-scale work, an existing pilot unit has been characterized with respect to the distribution and fate of hazardous air pollutants in flue gas, with an emphasis on mercury. The pilot unit is a 500-lb/h (227-kg/h) pulverized coalfired (PCFC) combustion system that includes a furnace, air preheater, spray dryer, ductwork and a pulse-jet fabric filter. The investigations with this unit have entailed evaluation of various activated carbons and novel sorbents, as well as comparisons of various sampling techniques for the determination of total and speciated forms of mercury. The impact of various parameters (temperature, sorbent-to-mercury ratio, baghouse pressure drop) on the removal of mercury has been investigated. Additionally, a slipstream allows for the investigation of sorbent injection in a fly ash-free flue gas over a wide range of operating conditions, including residence time. A summary of the results for mercury measurement and control from the 500-lb/h (227-kg/h) PCFC combustion system will be presented, as well as the evaluation of methods for measurement of in duct removals using the slipstream. Finally, a discussion of the numerical modeling effort will be given. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. RP O'Dowd, WJ (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, POB 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. EM odowd@netl.doe.gov NR 13 TC 45 Z9 50 U1 1 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-3820 J9 FUEL PROCESS TECHNOL JI Fuel Process. Technol. PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 85 IS 6-7 BP 533 EP 548 DI 10.1016/j.fuproc.2003.11.007 PG 16 WC Chemistry, Applied; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 815GQ UT WOS:000221031200011 ER PT J AU Abbott, M Einerson, J Schuster, P Susong, D Taylor, HE AF Abbott, M Einerson, J Schuster, P Susong, D Taylor, HE TI Trace elements and common ions in southeastern Idaho snow: regional air pollutant tracers for source area emissions SO FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Air Quality 3rd Conference on Mercury Trace Elements and Particulate Matter CY SEP 09-12, 2002 CL Arlington, VA DE trace elements and common ions; snow; air pollutants ID MERCURY AB Snow samples were collected in southeastern Idaho over two winters to assess trace element and common ion concentrations in air pollutant fallout across the region. The objectives were to: (1) develop snow sampling and analysis techniques that produce accurate and ultra-low measurements of a broad suite of fallout elements, (2) identify the spatial and temporal trends of the fallout elements across the region, (3) determine if there are unique combinations of fallout elements that are characteristic to the major source areas in the region (source area profiles), and (4) use pattern recognition and multivariate statistical techniques (principal component analysis and classical least squares regression) to investigate source area apportionment of fallout concentrations measured at downwind locations where plumes from different source areas might mix. In the winter of 2000-2001, 250 snow samples were collected across the region over a 4-month period and analyzed in triplicate using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP MS) and ion chromatography (IC). Thirty nine trace elements and nine common ions were positively identified in most samples. The data were analyzed using pattern recognition tools in the software, Pirouette((R)) (Infometrix). These results showed a large crustal component (Al, Zn, Mn, Ba, and rare earth elements), an overwhelming contribution from phosphate processing facilities located outside Pocatello in the southern portion of the Eastern Snake River Plain, some changes in concentrations over time, and no obvious source area profiles (unique chemical signatures) other than at Pocatello. Concentrations near a major U.S. Department of Energy industrial complex oil the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (INEEL) were lower than those observed at major downwind communities. In the winter of 2001-2002, a new sampling design was tested and 135 additional samples collected to estimate pure emission profiles from the major source areas in the region. Classical least squares regression (CLS) was then used to source apportion these profiles at downwind mixing sites where plumes from the different source areas mixed. CLS performed reasonably well, predicting 36-58% of the total fallout concentrations measured at the mixing sites. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V All rights reserved. C1 Idaho Natl Engn Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. US Geol Survey, Natl Res Program, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. US Geol Survey, Div Water Resources, Salt Lake City, UT 84119 USA. RP Abbott, M (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM bot@inel.gov NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-3820 J9 FUEL PROCESS TECHNOL JI Fuel Process. Technol. PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 85 IS 6-7 BP 657 EP 671 DI 10.1016/j.fuproc.2003.11.013 PG 15 WC Chemistry, Applied; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 815GQ UT WOS:000221031200021 ER PT J AU Anders, A MacGill, RA AF Anders, A MacGill, RA TI Asymmetric injection of cathodic arc plasma into a macroparticle filter SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID VACUUM-ARC; TRANSPORT; DEPOSITION; REMOVAL AB The cathodic arc plasmas produced by cathode spots usually include macroparticles, which is undesirable for many applications. A common way of removing macroparticles is to use curved solenoid filters that guide the plasma from the source to the substrate. In this work, an arc source with a relatively small cathode is used, limiting the possible locations of plasma production. The relative position of cathodic arc source and macroparticle filter was systematically varied and the filtered plasma current was recorded. It was found that axis-symmetric plasma injection lead to maximum throughput only if an anode aperture was used, which limited the plasma to near-axis flow by scraping off plasma at larger angles to the axis. When the anode aperture was removed, more plasma could enter the filter. In this case, maximum filtered ion current was achieved when the plasma was injected off-axis; namely, offset in the direction where the filter is curved. Such behavior was anticipated because the plasma column in the filter is known to be shifted by ExB and centrifugal drift as well as by non-axis-symmetric components of the magnetic field in the filter entrance and exit plane. The data have implications for plasma transport variations caused by different spot locations on cathodes that are not small compared to the filter cross section. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Anders, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 53, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Anders, Andre/B-8580-2009 OI Anders, Andre/0000-0002-5313-6505 NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 95 IS 12 BP 7602 EP 7606 DI 10.1063/1.1707200 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 826QK UT WOS:000221843400007 ER PT J AU Zhao, YH Zhu, YT Liu, T AF Zhao, YH Zhu, YT Liu, T TI Mechanism of solid-state amorphization of Se induced by mechanical milling SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ABSORPTION-FINE-STRUCTURE; DIFFERENT GRAIN SIZES; SELENIUM; EXAFS; SILICON; AMPLITUDE; MOLECULES; CLUSTERS; CRYSTAL; ALLOYS AB In this work, the solid-state amorphization process of elemental trigonal Se via mechanical milling was studied. Trigonal Se has a unique crystal structure consisting of helical [-Se-](n) chains with strong intrachain covalent bonds and with weak interchain van der Waals bonds. It was found that the interchain coordination distance increased while the intrachain coordination distance decreased with increasing milling time. The crystalline Se transformed to the amorphous state once the interchain coordination distance reached a critical value. The intrachain coordination distance of amorphous Se continued to decrease with milling time, suggesting that molecular chain length decreased with milling time. Combined with the x-ray absorption near-edge structure calculations, it was concluded that the mechanical milling destroyed the interchain bonds of crystalline Se, resulting in the amorphization, while the intrachain bonds were strengthened during amorphization. The present results support a previous crystallite-destabilization model for solid-state amorphization. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Chinese Acad Sci, Inst High Energy Phys, Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. RP Zhao, YH (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM yzhu@lanl.gov RI Zhu, Yuntian/B-3021-2008; Zhao, Yonghao/A-8521-2009; Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012 OI Zhu, Yuntian/0000-0002-5961-7422; NR 39 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 95 IS 12 BP 7674 EP 7680 DI 10.1063/1.1737478 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 826QK UT WOS:000221843400018 ER PT J AU Enachescu, M Carpick, RW Ogletree, DF Salmeron, M AF Enachescu, M Carpick, RW Ogletree, DF Salmeron, M TI The role of contaminants in the variation of adhesion, friction, and electrical conduction properties of carbide-coated scanning probe tips and Pt(111) in ultrahigh vacuum SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; CONTACT; SURFACE; ORIGIN; SCALE; WEAR AB Scanning probe microscopy was used to investigate the tribological properties of nanoscale tips in contact with a Pt(111) single-crystal surface under ultrahigh vacuum conditions. The tips were coated with a tungsten carbide film, which contained a significant fraction of oxygen. The electrically conductive tip made it possible to alternate between contact measurements and noncontact scanning tunneling microscopy. Several types of interfaces were found depending on the chemical state of the surfaces. The first type is characterized by strong irreversible adhesion followed by material transfer between tip and sample. Low adhesion and no material transfer characterize a second type of contact, which are associated with the presence of passivating adsorbates in both (full passivation) or in one of the two contacting surfaces (half-passivation). Half-passivated contacts in which the clean side is the Pt(111) sample gave rise to periodic stick-slip friction behavior with a period equal to the atomic lattice constant of the Pt(111) surface. Local electrical conductivity measurements show a clear correlation between electronic and friction properties, with ohmic behavior on clean regions of the Pt surface and semiconductor-like behavior on areas covered with adsorbates. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Engn Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Salmeron, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM salmeron@stm.lbl.gov RI Enachescu, Marius/C-4963-2011; Ogletree, D Frank/D-9833-2016 OI Ogletree, D Frank/0000-0002-8159-0182 NR 24 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 95 IS 12 BP 7694 EP 7700 DI 10.1063/1.1738536 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 826QK UT WOS:000221843400021 ER PT J AU Stoica, T Vescan, L Sutter, E AF Stoica, T Vescan, L Sutter, E TI Absence of island-island interaction during formation of isolated Ge islands in small windows SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SELECTIVE EPITAXIAL-GROWTH; QUANTUM DOTS; SI(001); LPCVD AB Isolated Ge islands, i.e., islands not connected by a wetting layer can be obtained by selective epitaxial growth in voids of ultrathin oxides of thickness 1-2 nm. Voids of 30-600 nm size were created before epitaxy during a high temperature anneal of the ultrathin oxide. The formation of one island per window was investigated at 700 degreesC as a function of Ge thickness and void size. Islands nucleate mainly at the edge of the void and for this reason they have an anisotropic shape. In voids smaller than 300 nm only one island is nucleated. Islands form only in voids greater than a critical size (30-80 nm) which depends on the total amount of Ge deposited. We observe that height, width, and aspect ratio of isolated islands increase with void size for a given Ge thickness. A metastable state of Ge in small windows was observed. Moreover, the Si interdiffusion is strongly reduced with decreasing island size (i.e., with void size) reaching only similar to10% in comparison with similar to50% in islands on large areas. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Forschungszentrum Julich, ISG, D-52425 Julich, Germany. CNI Ctr Nanoelect Syst Informat Technol, D-52425 Julich, Germany. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA. INCDFM, Bucharest, Romania. RP Forschungszentrum Julich, ISG, Postfach 1913, D-52425 Julich, Germany. EM t.stoica@fz-juelich.de NR 16 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 95 IS 12 BP 7707 EP 7711 DI 10.1063/1.1736312 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 826QK UT WOS:000221843400023 ER PT J AU Johnson, JA Woodford, JB Chen, XD Andersson, J Erdemir, A Fenske, GR AF Johnson, JA Woodford, JB Chen, XD Andersson, J Erdemir, A Fenske, GR TI Insights into "near-frictionless carbon films" SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DIAMOND-LIKE CARBON; ABSORPTION FINE-STRUCTURE; AMORPHOUS-CARBON AB A form of hydrogenated diamond-like-carbon, "near-frictionless carbon," developed at Argonne National Laboratory has been studied by several spectroscopic techniques to determine the hydrogen content and carbon bonding within the film. The techniques used include hydrogen forward scattering, ultraviolet Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, near-edge x-ray absorption fine structure, and fluctuation microscopy. These complementary techniques reveal the different types of carbon bonding, such as sp(2) and sp(3), the medium-range order in the film, and its composition. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Cedarville Univ, Cedarville, OH 45314 USA. Angstrom Lab, SE-75121 Uppsala, Sweden. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM jaj@anl.gov RI Andersson, Joakim/A-3017-2009; Johnson, Jacqueline/P-4844-2014 OI Andersson, Joakim/0000-0003-2991-1927; Johnson, Jacqueline/0000-0003-0830-9275 NR 24 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 95 IS 12 BP 7765 EP 7771 DI 10.1063/1.1739287 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 826QK UT WOS:000221843400032 ER PT J AU Cheng, JY Treacy, MMJ Keblinski, PJ Gibson, JM AF Cheng, JY Treacy, MMJ Keblinski, PJ Gibson, JM TI Diffraction microscopy for disordered tetrahedral networks SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID AMORPHOUS-SILICON; GERMANIUM AB X-ray and electron sources are extensively used to explore disordered structures. In the case of electron, small-angle diffraction can help to testify the argument about micro-crystallites in glassy states. Diffraction intensity has two types of variance in reciprocal space: radial and azimuthal. Previously, variance as a function of k was largely used to elucidate medium-range order in amorphous semiconductors. Here azimuthal variance is introduced. This variance reveals orientational order for possible crystallites. Furthermore, the oversampling method proposed here can change our view on amorphous structure. We find that a broad peak might not truly reflect one single crystallite. In fact, two reflections can be folded to yield one broad peak. In this paper, the issues are discussed with three examples: silica, silicon, and germanium. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Troy, NY 12180 USA. Arizona State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Troy, NY 12180 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Cheng, JY (reprint author), Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Troy, NY 12180 USA. EM chengj2@rpi.edu RI Gibson, Murray/E-5855-2013 OI Gibson, Murray/0000-0002-0807-6224 NR 14 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 95 IS 12 BP 7779 EP 7784 DI 10.1063/1.1711174 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 826QK UT WOS:000221843400034 ER PT J AU Reagor, DW Lee, SY Li, Y Jia, QX AF Reagor, DW Lee, SY Li, Y Jia, QX TI Work function of the mixed-valent manganese perovskites SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID KELVIN PROBE; CHARGE AB We have performed resistivity and work function measurements on a series of samples with Ln(0.7)D(0.3)MnO(3) composition, where Ln is a lanthanide (La, Pr, or Nd) and D is a nominally divalent ion (Sr, Ca, or Pb). The resistivity measurements are, within some small variation, in agreement with those previously reported for polycrystalline samples of similar composition. The measurement of a work function in air is often difficult to reproduce, mainly owing to the fact that it is a surface probe and can be modified significantly by attachment of contaminants from the atmosphere. Here we have obtained reproducible results that are slightly more stable than the reference metals used in the measurements. This required the introduction of a higher order correction to a common Kelvin probe experimental procedure. Another factor contributing to the high quality of the results is the low carrier density of the conducting oxides. This allows greater penetration of quasistatic electric fields. The work function results here are in overall agreement with previous photoemission work that determined an approximate electron binding energy. We find the best correlation of increased work function is to strain introduced by larger divalent ions and smaller Lanthanide ions. We conclude that the work function is dominated by electrons near the divalent site, and this is interpreted in terms of strain modifying the coulomb energy of the electronic states. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Supercond Technol Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Reagor, DW (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Supercond Technol Ctr, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. EM reagor@lanl.gov RI Jia, Q. X./C-5194-2008 NR 13 TC 53 Z9 54 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 95 IS 12 BP 7971 EP 7975 DI 10.1063/1.1737802 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 826QK UT WOS:000221843400061 ER PT J AU Blomqvist, P Krishnan, KM McCready, DE AF Blomqvist, P Krishnan, KM McCready, DE TI Growth of exchange-biased MnPd/Fe bilayers SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC ANISOTROPY; FILMS AB The growth of exchange-biased MnPd/Fe bilayers has been investigated using x-ray diffraction. The bilayers were deposited on MgO(001) substrates in an ultrahigh-vacuum ion-beam sputter system. It was found that the orientation of the MnPd unit cell and the crystalline quality could be controlled as a function of the deposition temperature. Twinned a-axis oriented MnPd films are obtained below 100 degreesC while single-crystalline c-axis films are obtained above 450 degreesC. Intermediate temperatures yield a mixture of both orientations with a poor crystalline quality. Moreover, the interface quality depends strongly on the deposition temperature and also the order in which MnPd and Fe are deposited. The results clearly show that interdiffusion is initiated at the Fe/MnPd interface at a lower temperature as compared to the MnPd/Fe interface. The close relationship between the structural and magnetic properties is also discussed. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Blomqvist, P (reprint author), Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM kannanmk@u.washington.edu NR 13 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 95 IS 12 BP 8019 EP 8022 DI 10.1063/1.1713023 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 826QK UT WOS:000221843400069 ER PT J AU White, CW Withrow, SP Williams, JM Budai, JD Meldrum, A Sorge, KD Thompson, JR Boatner, LA AF White, CW Withrow, SP Williams, JM Budai, JD Meldrum, A Sorge, KD Thompson, JR Boatner, LA TI FePt nanoparticles formed in Al2O3 by ion beam synthesis: Annealing environment effects SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC-ANISOTROPY; THIN-FILMS; IMPLANTATION; IRON; MGO(001); SAPPHIRE AB The properties of FePt nanoparticles formed by the implantation of Fe+Pt into c-axis-oriented Al2O3 single crystals followed by thermal annealing are shown to be strongly dependent on the annealing environment. Annealing in a reducing environment (flowing Ar+4% H-2, or ultrahigh vacuum) gives rise to ferromagnetic FePt nanoparticles with the L1(0) structure and very high magnetic coercivity (greater than 20 kOe). FePt alloy formation does not occur during annealing in an oxidizing environment. Instead, the implanted Pt precipitates out forming oriented Pt nanoparticles and the implanted Fe redistributes with similar to40% segregating to the surface where it forms epitaxial alpha-Fe2O3 precipitates at the surface; the remainder of the implanted Fe remains in the bulk, most likely in solid solution in the matrix. Results obtained by sequential annealing of Fe+Pt implanted samples in reducing (oxidizing) environments followed by annealing in an oxidizing (reducing) environment suggest that equilibrium, rather than kinetic, effects are responsible for the observed microstructures. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. BronteK Delta Corp, Radford, VA 24141 USA. Univ Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2M7, Canada. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP White, CW (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM whitecw@solid.ssd.ornl.gov RI Boatner, Lynn/I-6428-2013; Budai, John/R-9276-2016 OI Boatner, Lynn/0000-0002-0235-7594; Budai, John/0000-0002-7444-1306 NR 23 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 95 IS 12 BP 8160 EP 8166 DI 10.1063/1.1737806 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 826QK UT WOS:000221843400094 ER PT J AU Wang, CM Zhang, Y Shutthanandan, V Thevuthasan, S Duscher, G AF Wang, CM Zhang, Y Shutthanandan, V Thevuthasan, S Duscher, G TI Microstructure of precipitated au nanoclusters in TiO2 SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; ION-IMPLANTED SILICA; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; GOLD NANOCLUSTERS; FUSED-SILICA; COLLOIDAL AU; TIO2(110); NANOCRYSTALS; GROWTH; MGO AB Gold nanoclusters dispersed in TiO2(110) single crystal have been formed by 2 MeV Au2+ implantation to an ion fluence of 6.0x10(16) cm(-2) at 300 and 975 K followed by annealing at 1275 K for 10 h. The morphological features, size, crystallographic orientation of the Au nanoclusters with respect to the TiO2 matrix, and the interface structure between the Au nanoclusters and TiO2 have been investigated using conventional transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution TEM (HRTEM), electron diffractions, and high angle annular dark-field (HAADF) imaging in an aberration corrected scanning TEM (STEM). STEM-HAADF image directly reveals that Au atoms are in the substitutional Ti atomic columns in the TiO2 lattice prior to nucleation of Au cluster. An Atomic structural model of the interface between Au and TiO2 was established based on HRTEM and image simulations. The precipitated Au clusters show typical (111) twins. Au clusters are faceted along Au{112}, Au{111}, and Au{220} planes. Two types of orientation relationship can be identified, Au<110>//TiO2[001] and Au{111}//TiO2(200), and Au<110>//TiO2[001] and Au{111}//TiO2(110). These orientation relationships as well as the {111} twining feature in Au clusters are similarly observed for Au clusters grown on stoichiometric TiO2(110) free surface, indicating that the presently established orientation corresponds to the lowest interfacial energy for Au contacted with TiO2. This is essential for understanding the catalytic properties of Au supported on TiO2. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27607 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Wang, CM (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM chongmin.wang@pnl.gov RI Duscher, Gerd/G-1730-2014 OI Duscher, Gerd/0000-0002-2039-548X NR 48 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 3 U2 24 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 95 IS 12 BP 8185 EP 8193 DI 10.1063/1.1748859 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 826QK UT WOS:000221843400098 ER PT J AU Chang, KC Porter, LM Bentley, J Lu, CY Cooper, J AF Chang, KC Porter, LM Bentley, J Lu, CY Cooper, J TI Electrical, structural, and chemical analysis of silicon carbide-based metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect-transistors SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ENERGY-LOSS SPECTROSCOPY; INTERFACE STATES; DIGITAL-FILTERS; TRACE-ELEMENTS; MOS DEVICES; OPTIMIZATION; NITRIDATION; CHANNEL; DEFECTS; DENSITY AB In this study we investigated the morphology and interfacial chemistry of (0001) 4H-SiC-based metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) as a function of post-oxidation annealing in nitric oxide (NO) following wet oxidation. Energy-filtered transmission electron microscopy analyses showed enhanced C/Si concentrations (up to 13%) at distinct locations along the SiO2/SiC interface in the MOSFETs that were not annealed in NO. In contrast, regions of enhanced C/Si concentration were not detected in the MOSFETs that were annealed in NO; instead, these samples showed a trace amount of interfacial N. The introduction of N may therefore be associated with a reduction of C in these samples and may contribute to the higher channel mobility (similar to38 cm(2)/V s) in the samples annealed in NO relative to the samples that were not annealed in NO (similar to9 cm(2)/V s). Rough SiO2/4H-SiC interfaces and nonuniform oxide thickness were observed on both the NO- and the non-NO-annealed samples. The rough interfaces shown in the transmission electron microscopy bright field images may also be an important factor limiting the channel mobility in SiC-based MOSFETs. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Purdue Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Chang, KC (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. EM lporter@andrew.cmu.edu RI Porter, Lisa/C-9729-2010 OI Porter, Lisa/0000-0002-0970-0420 NR 23 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 95 IS 12 BP 8252 EP 8257 DI 10.1063/1.1737801 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 826QK UT WOS:000221843400107 ER PT J AU Elmer, JW Palmer, TA Babu, SS Zhang, W DebRoy, T AF Elmer, JW Palmer, TA Babu, SS Zhang, W DebRoy, T TI Phase transformation dynamics during welding of Ti-6Al-4V SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; IN-SITU OBSERVATIONS; HEAT-AFFECTED ZONE; STEEL ARC WELDS; ALLOY; SOLIDIFICATION; EVOLUTION; KINETICS AB In situ time-resolved x-ray diffraction (TRXRD) experiments were used to track the evolution of the alpha-->beta-->L-->beta-->alpha/alpha(') phase transformation sequence during gas tungsten arc welding of Ti-6Al-4V. Synchrotron radiation was employed for the in situ measurements in both the fusion zone (FZ) and the heat-affected zone (HAZ) of the weld, providing information about transformation rates under rapid heating and cooling conditions. The TRXRD data were coupled with the results of computational thermodynamic predictions of phase equilibria, and numerical modeling of the weld temperatures. The results show that significant superheat is required above the beta transus temperature to complete the alpha-->beta transformation during weld heating, and that the amount of superheat decreases with distance from the center of the weld where the heating rates are lower. A Johnson-Mehl-Avrami phase transformation model yielded a set of kinetic parameters for the prediction of the alpha-->beta phase transformation during weld heating. Corresponding TRXRD measurements were made during weld cooling. In the HAZ, the beta-->alpha transformation during weld cooling was shown to initiate at the beta transus temperature and terminate below the Ms temperature, resulting in a microstructure containing a substantial fraction of alpha(') martensite. In the FZ, the beta-->alpha transformation during weld cooling was shown to initiate below the Ms temperature, and to completely transform the microstructure to alpha(') martensite. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Elmer, JW (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM elmer1@llnl.gov RI Babu, Sudarsanam/D-1694-2010; DebRoy, Tarasankar/A-2106-2010; Zhang, Wei/B-9471-2013 OI Babu, Sudarsanam/0000-0002-3531-2579; NR 28 TC 75 Z9 84 U1 6 U2 57 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 95 IS 12 BP 8327 EP 8339 DI 10.1063/1.1737476 PG 13 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 826QK UT WOS:000221843400119 ER PT J AU Li, L Weidner, DJ Chen, JH Vaughan, MT Davis, M Durham, WB AF Li, L Weidner, DJ Chen, JH Vaughan, MT Davis, M Durham, WB TI X-ray strain analysis at high pressure: Effect of plastic deformation in MgO SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID POLYCRYSTALLINE MGO; LATTICE STRAINS; LOWER MANTLE; GPA; ELASTICITY; ANISOTROPY; EVOLUTION; CRYSTALS; STRESSES AB The factors that control the stress-strain state of a polycrystal under differential stress depend on whether or not plastic deformation has occurred in the solid. If not, then the elastic properties with the constraints of the Reuss-Voigt bounds limit this relationship. If plastic deformation becomes important then the Taylor and Sachs models are relevant. These models assume that the plastic process is enabled by dislocation flow on specific lattice planes and specific Burger's vectors. Then, the relationship between stress and strain is controlled by the orientation of an individual grain with respect to the stress field, von Mises criterion, and the critical resolved stress on the dislocation that is necessary for flow. We use a self-consistent model to predict the flow stress during the plastic deformation of polycrystalline MgO with a slip system of {110}<1 (1) over bar0>, {111}<1 (1) over bar0>, and {100}x<011> at different critical resolved shear stress ratios for the different slip systems. The prediction of the models is correlated with the results of x-ray diffraction measurements. Uniaxial deformation experiments on polycrystalline and single-crystal MgO samples were conducted in situ using white x-ray diffraction with a multielement detector and multianvil high-pressure apparatus at a pressure up to 6 GPa and a temperature of 500 degreesC. A deformation DIA was used to generate pressure and control at a constant deformation rate. Elastic strains and plastic strains were monitored using x-ray diffraction spectra and x-ray imaging techniques, respectively. The correlation of the data and models suggests that the plastic models need to be used to describe the stress-strain observations with the presence of plasticity, while the Reuss and Voigt models are appropriate for the elastic region of deformation, before the onset of plastic deformation. The similarity of elastic strains among different lattice planes suggests that the {111} slip system is the most significant slip system in MgO at high pressure and high temperature. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Geosci, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Inst Mineral Phys, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Li, L (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Geosci, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. EM lilli@notes.cc.sunysb.edu NR 41 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 95 IS 12 BP 8357 EP 8365 DI 10.1063/1.1738532 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 826QK UT WOS:000221843400122 ER PT J AU Kucheyev, SO Felter, TE AF Kucheyev, SO Felter, TE TI Structural disorder produced in KH2PO4 by light-ion bombardment SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID LASER; CRYSTALS/; NH4H2PO4; DAMAGE AB We study structural disorder produced in tetragonal KH2PO4 (KDP) single crystals at room temperature by irradiation with MeV light ions. Results show that electronic energy loss plays a major role in the production of lattice defects in KDP. The effective diameters of ion tracks depend superlinearly on the electronic stopping power of energetic light ions. Structural lattice disorder is also accompanied by the formation of a network of cracks and blisters on the sample surface. Such irradiation-induced cracking and blistering typically evolve over extended periods of time (e.g., days) after bombardment and are strongly affected by ion irradiation and sample storage conditions. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Kucheyev, SO (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM kucheyev1@llnl.gov NR 17 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 95 IS 12 BP 8475 EP 8477 DI 10.1063/1.1745117 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 826QK UT WOS:000221843400140 ER PT J AU Stack, AG Eggleston, CM Engelhard, MH AF Stack, AG Eggleston, CM Engelhard, MH TI Reaction of hydroquinone with hematite I. Study of adsorption by electrochemical-scanning tunneling microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy SO JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE hydroquinone; hematite; alpha-Fe2O3; reductive dissolution; biological electron transfer ID EXTRACELLULAR ELECTRON-TRANSFER; NATURAL ATTENUATION PROCESSES; OIL SPILL SITE; SEMICONDUCTOR ELECTRODES; IRON-OXIDES; ACETONITRILE SOLUTIONS; EC-STM; REDUCTION; SURFACES; CHEMISORPTION AB The reaction of hematite with quinones and the quinone moieties of larger molecules may be an important factor in limiting the rate of reductive dissolution, especially by iron-reducing bacteria. Here, the electrochemical and physical properties of hydroquinone adsorbed on hematite surfaces at pH 2.5-3 were investigated with cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical-scanning tunneling microscopy (EC-STM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). An oxidation peak for hydroquinone was observed in the CV experiments, as well as (photo)reduction of iron and decomposition of the solvent. The EC-STM results indicate that hydroquinone sometimes forms an ordered monolayer with similar to1.1 QH(2)/nm(2), but can be fairly disordered (especially when viewed at larger scales). XPS results indicate that hydroquinone and benzoquinone are retained at the interface in increasing amounts as the reaction proceeds, but reduced iron is not observed. These results suggest that quinones do not adsorb by an inner-sphere complex where adsorbate-surface interactions determine the adsorbate surface structure, but rather in an outer-sphere complex where interactions among the adsorbate molecules dominate. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Wyoming, Dept Geol & Geophys, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, William R Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Stack, AG (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Land Air & Water Resources, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM astack@ucdavis.edu RI Engelhard, Mark/F-1317-2010; Stack, Andrew/D-2580-2013; OI Stack, Andrew/0000-0003-4355-3679; Engelhard, Mark/0000-0002-5543-0812 NR 51 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 25 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9797 J9 J COLLOID INTERF SCI JI J. Colloid Interface Sci. PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 274 IS 2 BP 433 EP 441 DI 10.1016/j.jcis.2003.12.026 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 823IC UT WOS:000221603100009 PM 15144814 ER PT J AU Stack, AG Rosso, KM Smith, DMA Eggleston, CM AF Stack, AG Rosso, KM Smith, DMA Eggleston, CM TI Reaction of hydroquinone with hematite II. Calculated electron-transfer rates and comparison to the reductive dissolution rate SO JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE hydroquinone; hematite; alpha-Fe2O3; biological electron transfer; Marcus theory ID CHARGE-TRANSFER PROCESSES; AB-INITIO; IRON-OXIDES; FREE-ENERGY; REORGANIZATION; ALPHA-FE2O3; EXCHANGE; SURFACES; QUINONES; DENSITY AB The rate of reaction of hematite with quinones and the quinone moieties of larger molecules may be an important factor in limiting the rate of reductive dissolution of hematite, especially by iron-reducing bacteria. It is possible that the rate. of reductive dissolution of hematite in the presence of excess hydroquinone at pH 2.5 may be limited by the electron-transfer rate. Here, a reductive dissolution rate was measured and compared to electron-transfer rates calculated using Marcus theory. An experimental rate constant was measured at 9.5 x 10(-6) s(-1) and the reaction order with respect to the hematite concentration was found to be 1.1 Both the dissolution rate and the reaction order of hematite concentration compare well with previous measurements. Of the Marcus theory calculations, the inner-sphere part of the reorganization energy and the electronic coupling matrix element for hydroquinone self-exchange electron transfer are calculated using ab initio methods. The second order self-exchange rate constant was calculated to be 1.3 x 10(7) M-1 s(-1), which compares well with experimental measurements. Using previously published data calculated for hexaquairon(III)/(11), the calculated electron-transfer rate for the cross reaction with hydroquinone also compares well to experimental measurements. A hypothetical reductive dissolution rate is calculated using the first-order electron-transfer rate constant and the concentration of total adsorbed quinone. Three different models of the hematite surface are used as well as multiple estimates for the reduction potential, the surface charge, and the adsorption density of hydroquinone. No calculated dissolution rate is less than five orders of magnitude faster than the experimentally measured one. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Wyoming, Dept Geol & Geophys, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, William R Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Whitman Coll, Dept Phys, Walla Walla, WA 99362 USA. RP Stack, AG (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Land Air & Water Resources, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM astack@ucdavis.edu RI Stack, Andrew/D-2580-2013 OI Stack, Andrew/0000-0003-4355-3679 NR 55 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 17 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9797 J9 J COLLOID INTERF SCI JI J. Colloid Interface Sci. PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 274 IS 2 BP 442 EP 450 DI 10.1016/j.jcis.2004.01.001 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 823IC UT WOS:000221603100010 PM 15144815 ER PT J AU Zhao, HT Nagy, KL AF Zhao, HT Nagy, KL TI Dodecyl sulfate-hydrotalcite nanocomposites for trapping chlorinated organic pollutants in water SO JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE layered double hydroxide; hydrotalcite; dodecyl sulfate; anionic surfactant; sorption; organic pollutants; trichloroethylene; tetrachloroethylene; intercalation; organoclay ID LAYERED DOUBLE HYDROXIDES; DOUBLE-METAL HYDROXIDE; ANION-EXCHANGE; PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES; SORPTION; ADSORPTION; CLAYS; SURFACTANTS; SMECTITE; ORGANOHYDROTALCITES AB A series of hybrid organic-inorganic nanocomposite materials was synthesized by three different procedures using sodium dodecyl sulfate (DDS) and magnesium-aluminum layered double hydroxide (Mg/Al LDH with a Mg/Al molar ratio of 2 to 5). Both the pH of the exchange medium (6.5 to 10) and the Mg/Al molar ratio of the LDH affected the basal spacing, the content of DDS retained and the orientation of the DDS chains within the interlamellar space. For LDH with higher charge density (Mg/Al = 2 and 3), DDS molecules likely formed a perpendicular monolayer within the LDH interlayer and the solution pH had little effect on the basal spacing, with a mean and standard deviation of 25.5 +/- 0.4 Angstrom. However, for LDH with lower charge density (Mg/Al = 4 and 5), DDS molecules more likely formed an interpenetrating bilayer, and the basal spacing significantly increased with increasing pH, with a mean and standard deviation of 32.7 +/- 5.2 Angstrom. Sorption of trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene by DDS-LDH varied with synthesis conditions, LDH type and DDS configuration in the interlayer. DDS-Mg3Al-LDH had the highest affinity for both trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene in water, either comparable to or as much as four times higher than other clay-derived sorbents, followed by DDS-Mg4Al-LDH and DDS-Mg5Al-LDH. DDS-Mg2Al-LDH had the lowest sorption affinity although the highest amount of DDS. The pH of the exchange solution also affected the amount of DDS retained by the LDH as well as the sorption efficiency. Mg3Al-LDH has a charge equivalent area of 32.2 Angstrom(2)/charge, which allows the formation of optimal DDS configuration within its interlayer, thus resulting in the highest affinity for the chlorinated compounds. The DDS-Mg/Al-LDHs can be easily synthesized either ex situ or in situ at low temperature, indicating the feasibility of practical applications. The results obtained by controlling the synthesis procedure suggest that different arrangements of DDS molecules in the LDH interlayers can be obtained and optimized for the sorption of specific sorbates. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Colorado, Dept Geol Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Zhao, HT (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, MS 0779, Albuquerque, NM 87111 USA. EM hzhao@sandia.gov RI ZHAO, HONGTING/B-1470-2010 NR 56 TC 138 Z9 144 U1 7 U2 46 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9797 J9 J COLLOID INTERF SCI JI J. Colloid Interface Sci. PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 274 IS 2 BP 613 EP 624 DI 10.1016/j.jcis.2004.03.055 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 823IC UT WOS:000221603100032 PM 15144837 ER PT J AU Pakula, K Bozek, R Baranowski, JM Jasinski, J Liliental-Weber, Z AF Pakula, K Bozek, R Baranowski, JM Jasinski, J Liliental-Weber, Z TI Reduction of dislocation density in heteroepitaxial GaN: role of SiH4 treatment SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article DE atomic force microscopy; dislocations; transmission electron microscopy; lateral growth; metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy; gallium nitride ID LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; VAPOR-PHASE EPITAXY; ULTRAVIOLET; SURFACTANT; SUBSTRATE; LAYERS AB TEM and AFM data show that a significant reduction of threading dislocations in heteroepitaxial GaN/Al2O3 grown by MOCVD has been achieved. The reduction has been obtained by growth interruption followed by annealing in silane (SiH4). Density of threading dislocations in the GaN layer above the silane-exposed surface decreased to 5 x 10(7) cm(-2) in comparison to 10(9) cm(-2) in the layer below this surface. TEM data showed the existence of pyramidal pits at the silane-exposed surface. They were overgrown by the subsequent GaN layer. The presence of these pits indicates that the GaN surface was selectively etched during the silane flow. These pits were sites where dislocations drastically changed propagation direction from parallel to the c-axis to horizontal. Horizontal propagation of dislocations above the surface treated by silane (where formation of SiN was expected) suggests that the GaN layer in this region was grown in the lateral epitaxial overgrowth mode. EDX measurements performed at the interface between the SiH4-treated GaN layer and the subsequently grown GaN did not show any presence of Si. Therefore, it is believed that the dislocation reduction is related to the lateral overgrowth above the pits and not to the formation of a SiN interlayer. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Warsaw, Inst Expt Phys, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Warsaw, Inst Expt Phys, Hoza 69, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. EM krzysztof.pakula@fuw.edu.pl RI Liliental-Weber, Zuzanna/H-8006-2012 NR 15 TC 58 Z9 58 U1 2 U2 24 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 EI 1873-5002 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 267 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 7 DI 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2004.03.020 PG 7 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA 832SF UT WOS:000222286600001 ER PT J AU Hageman, PR Schaff, WJ Janinski, J Liliental-Weber, Z AF Hageman, PR Schaff, WJ Janinski, J Liliental-Weber, Z TI n-type doping of wurtzite GaN with germanium grown with plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article DE doping; molecular beam epitaxy; gallium compounds; semiconducting gallium compounds ID SI; SILICON AB In this paper, a study of germanium as n-type dopant in plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy of GaN is presented. The germanium incorporation is studied as a function of the germanium effusion cell temperature and growth temperature of the GaN layer. The influence of the doping concentration on the electrical, structural and morphological properties of the GaN layer will be studied using Hall and high-resolution X-ray measurements (rocking curve and theta - 2theta) measurements. Optical examination of the surface morphology was performed with differential interference contrast microscopy, a scanning electron microscope or transmission electron microscope. Doping of GaN with germanium results in crack-free n-type material up to values of n = 4 x 10(20) cm(-3) with a 1:1 relation between carrier concentration and vapor pressure. Even higher carrier concentrations can be obtained, n = 3.6 x 10(21) cm(-3), but there are indications that the solubility limit of germanium in GaN of these layers is exceeded, thereby deteriorating the morphology of the surface of the layer and changing the electrical and structural properties. TEM measurements reveal that secondary phases are indeed formed. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Nijmegen, Fac Sci Math & Comp Sci, Dept Expt Solid State Phys 3, NL-6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands. Cornell Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Hageman, PR (reprint author), Univ Nijmegen, Fac Sci Math & Comp Sci, Dept Expt Solid State Phys 3, Toernooiveld 1, NL-6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands. EM paulh@sci.kun.nl RI Hageman, Paul/D-4609-2012; Liliental-Weber, Zuzanna/H-8006-2012 NR 13 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 267 IS 1-2 BP 123 EP 128 DI 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.200403.024 PG 6 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA 832SF UT WOS:000222286600017 ER PT J AU Gary, SP Borovsky, JE AF Gary, SP Borovsky, JE TI Alfven-cyclotron fluctuations: Linear Vlasov theory SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Alfven waves; Landau damping; cyclotron damping; solar wind ID LOW-FREQUENCY WAVES; SOLAR-WIND; MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC TURBULENCE; KINETIC DISSIPATION; SPECTRA; DRIVEN; RANGE; SIMULATIONS; DISPERSION; DYNAMICS AB Linear Vlasov dispersion theory for a homogeneous, collisionless electron-proton plasma with Maxwellian velocity distributions is used to examine the damping of Alfven-cyclotron fluctuations. Fluctuations of sufficiently long wavelength are essentially undamped, but as k(parallel to), the wave vector component parallel to the background magnetic field B-o, reaches a characteristic dissipation value k(d), the protons become cyclotron resonant and damping begins abruptly. For proton cyclotron damping, k(d)c/omega(p) similar to 1 for 10(-3) less than or similar to beta(p) less than or similar to 10(-1), where beta(p) = 8pin(p)k(B)T(p)/B-o(2) and omega(p)/c is the proton inertial length. At k(parallel to) < k(d), m(e)/m(p) < beta(e), and beta(p) less than or similar to 0.10 the electron Landau resonance becomes the primary contributor to fluctuation dissipation, yielding a damping rate that scales as omega(r)rootbeta(e) (k(perpendicular to)c/omega(p))(2), where omega(r) is the real frequency and k(perpendicular to) is the wave vector component perpendicular to B-o. As beta(p) increases from 0.10 to 10, the proton Landau resonance makes an increasing contribution to damping of these waves at k(parallel to) < k(d) and 0 degrees < theta < 30 degrees, where theta = arccos(<(k)over cap> . (B) over cap (o)). The maximum damping rate due to the proton Landau resonance scales approximately as beta(p)(kc/omega(p))(2) over 0.50 less than or equal to beta(p) less than or equal to 10. Both magnetic transit time damping and electric Landau damping may contribute to Landau resonant dissipation; in the electron Landau resonance regime the former is important only at propagation almost parallel to Bo, whereas proton transit time damping can be relatively important at both quasi-parallel and quasi-perpendicular propagation of Alfven-cyclotron fluctuations. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS D466, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM pgary@lanl.gov; jborovsky@lanl.gov NR 30 TC 69 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9380 EI 2169-9402 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 109 IS A6 AR A06105 DI 10.1029/2004JA010399 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 833HD UT WOS:000222326800005 ER PT J AU Lu, ZP Liu, CT AF Lu, ZP Liu, CT TI Role of minor alloying additions in formation of bulk metallic glasses: A review SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Review ID SUPERCOOLED LIQUID REGION; SOFT-MAGNETIC PROPERTIES; SCATTERING AXS METHOD; ZR AMORPHOUS-ALLOYS; B-SI ALLOYS; FORMING ABILITY; THERMAL-STABILITY; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; CRYSTALLIZATION BEHAVIOR; OXYGEN IMPURITY AB Minor alloying addition or microalloying technology has already shown dramatic effects on glass formation and thermal stability of bulk metallic glasses (BMGs). This paper intends to provide a comprehensive review of recent developments of this technology in the field of BMGs. The beneficial effects of minor alloying additions on the glass formation and the thermal stability of BMGs will be summarized and analyzed. In addition, principles and guidelines for future application of this technology will also be proposed. (C) 2004 Kluwer Academic Publishers. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Lu, ZP (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM luzp@ornl.gov RI Lu, Zhao-Ping/A-2718-2009 NR 60 TC 181 Z9 189 U1 11 U2 77 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-2461 J9 J MATER SCI JI J. Mater. Sci. PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 39 IS 12 BP 3965 EP 3974 DI 10.1023/B:JMSC.0000031478.73621.64 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 827YT UT WOS:000221940300014 ER PT J AU Bei, H Pharr, GM George, EP AF Bei, H Pharr, GM George, EP TI A review of directionally solidified intermetallic composites for high-temperature structural applications SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Review ID NICKEL-BASE SUPERALLOY; IN-SITU COMPOSITES; EUTECTIC CR-CR3SI ALLOYS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; FORCED-CONVECTION; NIAL-MO; MICROSTRUCTURE; LAMELLAR; BEHAVIOR; GROWTH AB Alloys based on intermetallics have been considered for high temperature structural applications. However, many of these alloys suffer from intrinsic brittleness and low fracture toughness at ambient temperature. Therefore, ductile-phase-toughened intermetallic composites are being investigated as a means to improve the fracture toughness. A subset of this class of materials is in-situ composites produced by directional solidification of intermetallic eutectics. In this paper, we review recent developments related to the processing and properties of these composites. (C) 2004 Kluwer Academic Publishers. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP George, EP (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM georgeep@ornl.gov RI George, Easo/L-5434-2014; OI Bei, Hongbin/0000-0003-0283-7990 NR 91 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 42 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0022-2461 EI 1573-4803 J9 J MATER SCI JI J. Mater. Sci. PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 39 IS 12 BP 3975 EP 3984 DI 10.1023/B:JMSC.0000031479.32138.84 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 827YT UT WOS:000221940300015 ER PT J AU Chialvo, AA Simonson, JM AF Chialvo, AA Simonson, JM TI The effect of salt concentration on the structure of water in CaCl2 aqueous solutions SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS LA English DT Article DE salt concentration; aqueous solution; CaCl2; water structure ID TEMPERATURE ELECTROLYTE-SOLUTIONS; PAIR-CORRELATION-FUNCTIONS; MOLECULAR SIMULATION; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; HYDRATION SHELL; X-RAY; DIFFRACTION; SOLVATION; CHLORIDE; PRESSURE AB The microstructure of water in aqueous CaCl2 solutions over a wide range of salt concentrations at T = 298 K is characterized by molecular simulation to determine the effect of the ions on the structure of water. The structural results are subsequently used to test the validity of a recently proposed hypothesis, which equates the ion effect to a pressure or temperature effect on the structure of water in the aqueous solution. The simulation results indicate unequivocally that the changes of the water structure caused by the presence of ions in solution cannot be emulated as a pressure effect due to the local nature of such structure perturbation. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Aqueous Chem & Geochem Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Chialvo, AA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Aqueous Chem & Geochem Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM 2ac@ornl.gov OI Chialvo, Ariel/0000-0002-6091-4563 NR 35 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-7322 J9 J MOL LIQ JI J. Mol. Liq. PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 112 IS 1-2 BP 99 EP 105 DI 10.1016/S0167-7322(03)00267-8 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 814VS UT WOS:000221002800013 ER PT J AU Capote, G Prioli, R Jardim, PM Zanatta, AR Jacobsohn, LG Freire, FL AF Capote, G Prioli, R Jardim, PM Zanatta, AR Jacobsohn, LG Freire, FL TI Amorphous hydrogenated carbon films deposited by PECVD: influence of the substrate temperature on film growth and microstructure SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Conference on Amorphous and Microcrystalline Semiconductors CY AUG 25-29, 2003 CL Campos do Jordao, BRAZIL ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; THIN-FILMS; PLASMA; AR; DECOMPOSITION AB Amorphous hydrogenated carbon films (a-C:H) were deposited by rf-PECVD using 13 Pa methane (98%)-argon (2%) mixture or pure methane as precursor atmospheres. Samples were deposited at 250, 300 and 420 K. The self-bias voltage (V-b) ranged from -50 to -500 V. The deposition rates are temperature dependent in agreement with the adsorbed layer model and the films deposited at low-temperature substrate have a polymeric character, revealed by the high hydrogen content, low-density and internal stress. AFM results show that both the substrate temperature and the argon ion assistance bombardment have the same effect on the surface roughness, i.e., they increase the surface mobility of the adsorbed species, resulting in films with lower surface roughness. Raman results revealed an increase of the sp(2) domains upon increase of self-bias voltage that is more important for films deposited at high-temperature. Independent on the substrate temperature, internal stress and hardness results present a maximum at around V-b = -160 V for films deposited in Ar-CH4 atmospheres, while it appears at higher V-b for films deposited from pure methane atmosphere. These results confirm the importance of the ion bombardment during film growth on the mechanical properties of the films. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Pontificia Univ Catolica Rio de Janeiro, Dept Fis, BR-22452970 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Pontificia Univ Catolica Rio de Janeiro, Dept Ciencia Mat & Met, BR-22453900 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis Sao Carlos, BR-13560250 Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Freire, FL (reprint author), Pontificia Univ Catolica Rio de Janeiro, Dept Fis, Rua Marques Sao Vicente,225 Gavea,Caixa Postal 38, BR-22452970 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. EM lazaro@vdg.fis.puc-rio.br RI Zanatta, Antonio/C-1878-2012; Sao Carlos Institute of Physics, IFSC/USP/M-2664-2016; OI Zanatta, Antonio/0000-0002-5217-7524; Jacobsohn, Luiz/0000-0001-8991-3903 NR 15 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3093 J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 338 BP 503 EP 508 DI 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2004.03.029 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 831TM UT WOS:000222219000112 ER PT J AU Osiele, OM Britton, DT Harting, M Sperr, P Topic, M Shaheen, SE Branz, HM AF Osiele, OM Britton, DT Harting, M Sperr, P Topic, M Shaheen, SE Branz, HM TI Defect structural characterization of organic polymer layers SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Conference on Amorphous and Microcrystalline Semiconductors CY AUG 25-29, 2003 CL Campos do Jordao, BRAZIL AB In this paper, we study the effect of blending the conducting polymers, P3HT with the fullerene complex PCBM on its structural and defect characteristics. The films were deposited on glass substrates by spin casting, and were characterized with positron annihilation, microscopy and other techniques with regard to thickness, and structural homogeneity. The unblended polymers have positron annihilation characteristics similar to most non-polar polymers, exhibiting a relatively broad electron momentum distribution, a long-lived ( > 1 ns) positron state corresponding to the formation of orthopositronium, and strong-localization of the positron. Blending with PCBM causes the sample electron momentum distribution to narrow, and results in a single state with a lifetime of around 370 ps in both polymer mixtures. We postulate that this state corresponds to annihilation with low-momentum electrons in the fullerene cage. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Cape Town, Dept Phys, ZA-7701 Rondebosch, South Africa. Univ Bundeswehr Mnchen, Inst Nukl Festkorperphys, D-85577 Neubiberg, Germany. Natl Ctr Photovolta, Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Univ Cape Town, Dept Phys, ZA-7701 Rondebosch, South Africa. EM osiele@science.uct.ac.za RI Shaheen, Sean/M-7893-2013 NR 14 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3093 EI 1873-4812 J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 338 BP 612 EP 616 DI 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2004.03.053 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 831TM UT WOS:000222219000137 ER PT J AU Hossenlopp, J Jiang, LH Cernosek, R Josse, F AF Hossenlopp, J Jiang, LH Cernosek, R Josse, F TI Characterization of epoxy resin (SU-8) film using thickness-shear mode (TSM) resonator under various conditions SO JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART B-POLYMER PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE viscoelastic properties; shear modulus; sensors; photoresists ID QUARTZ-CRYSTAL MICROBALANCE; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; THIN-FILMS; LIQUIDS; POLYMERS AB Characterization of an epoxy resin film, commonly known as SU-8, is presented using thickness shear mode (TSM) quartz resonator. The impedance-admittance characteristics of the equivalent circuit models of the unperturbed and coated resonators are analyzed to extract the storage modulus and loss modulus (G' and G"). Those parameters are needed to establish SU-8 film as an effective wave-guiding layer in the implementation of guided shear-horizontal surface acoustic wave (SH-SAW) sensor platforms. Both cured and uncured polymer films are studied at the fundamental and third harmonic frequencies of the TSM resonators. The storage modulus (G') and loss modulus (G") of the SU-8 film approach constant values of 1.66 X 10(10) dyne/cm(2) and 6.0 X 10(8) dyne/cm(2), respectively, for relatively thicker films (>20 mum) at a relatively low frequency of 9 MHz. The most accurate values for the extracted shear moduli G (G = G' + jG") are obtained at high thickness where the viscoelastic contribution to the TSM response is substantial. The effect of temperature on the storage and loss moduli is determined for the range of -75 to 40 degreesC. It is found that the polymer approaches a totally glassy state below -60 degreesC. Exposure to water appears to follow Fickian diffusion behavior at short times and this exposure also results in changes to both G' and G". However, stability is rapidly reached with exposure to water, indicating relatively lower water absorption, consistent with the extracted diffusion coefficient. (C) 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 Marquette Univ, Microsensor Res Lab, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. Marquette Univ, Dept Chem, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, MicroAnalyt Syst Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Marquette Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. RP Josse, F (reprint author), Marquette Univ, Microsensor Res Lab, POB 1881, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. EM Fabien.Josse@mu.edu NR 22 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 13 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0887-6266 J9 J POLYM SCI POL PHYS JI J. Polym. Sci. Pt. B-Polym. Phys. PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 42 IS 12 BP 2373 EP 2384 DI 10.1002/polb.20111 PG 12 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 825PG UT WOS:000221769800019 ER PT J AU Rowe, CA Thurber, CH White, RA AF Rowe, CA Thurber, CH White, RA TI Dome growth behavior at Soufriere Hills Volcano, Montserrat, revealed by relocation of volcanic event swarms, 1995-1996 SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE microseismicity; cross-correlation; relocations; cluster analysis; dome extrusion; Soufriere Hills; earthquake families ID LOCAL EARTHQUAKE TOMOGRAPHY; REDOUBT-VOLCANO; HAYWARD FAULT; REAL-TIME; JULY 1995; ERUPTION; CALIFORNIA; ALASKA; MAGNITUDE; EVOLUTION AB We have relocated a subset of events from the digital waveform catalogue of similar to 17,000 volcanic microearthquakes recorded between July 1995 and February 1996 at Soufriere Hills Volcano (SHV), Montserrat, using a cross-correlation-based phase repicking technique with a joint location method. Hypocenters were estimated for 3914 earthquakes having five or more corrected P-wave picks. The seismic source region collapsed to a volume of similar to 1 km(3) from an initial similar to 100 km(3). Relocated events represent 36 swarms, each containing nearly identical waveforms, having source dimensions of 10 to 100 m in diameter and spatial separations on the order of 500 m or less. Each swarm occurred over a span of several hours to a few days. Triggered data appear to miss between 65% and 98% of the events that occur within these swarms, based on review of helicorder records. Visual estimates of summit dome growth show a rough correspondence between episodes of intense swarming and increases in extruded magma, although dome observations are too sparse to make a direct comparison for this time period. The limited depth range over which dome-growth-related events occur is consistent with a dynamic model of cyclic plug extrusion behavior in the shallow conduit, governed by magma supply rate, overpressure buildup and physical properties of the magma and conduit geometry. Seismic sources may occur in locally overpressured regions that result from microlite formation in a zone of rapid decompression; we propose that this zone exists in the vicinity of a detachment plane associated with the cyclic plug extrusion. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Geol & Geophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Rowe, CA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, EES-11,MS D-048, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM char@lanl.gov NR 51 TC 73 Z9 73 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0377-0273 J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res. PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 134 IS 3 BP 199 EP 221 DI 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2004.01.008 PG 23 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 824GE UT WOS:000221673500004 ER PT J AU Burton, H AF Burton, H TI Imitation of life: How biology is inspiring computing. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 129 IS 11 BP 89 EP 89 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 835YH UT WOS:000222521000196 ER PT J AU Tsige, M Grest, GS AF Tsige, M Grest, GS TI Molecular dynamics study of the evaporation process in polymer films SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID SOLVENT EVAPORATION; SURFACE-TENSION; SIMULATION; INSTABILITIES; DIFFUSION C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Tsige, M (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM mtsige@sandia.gov; gsgrest@sandia.gov NR 19 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 2 U2 16 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 37 IS 12 BP 4333 EP 4335 DI 10.1021/ma049509v PG 3 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 828SZ UT WOS:000221994700001 ER PT J AU Jang, SY Sotzing, GA Marquez, M AF Jang, SY Sotzing, GA Marquez, M TI Poly(thiophene)s prepared via electrochemical solid-state oxidative cross-linking. A comparative study SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID STABLE CONDUCTING POLYMERS; CONJUGATED POLYMERS; POLY(3-ALKYLTHIOPHENES); POLYTHIOPHENES; DEVICES; POLY(3-METHYLTHIOPHENE); POLYMERIZATION; TERTHIOPHENES; DERIVATIVES; ELECTRODES AB A comparative study of solid-state oxidative cross-linking (SOC) of polynorbornylenes containing thiophene (N1T), bithiophene (N2T), and terthiophene pendants (N3T) probing polymerization ability, kinetics, and the electrochemical and optical properties of the resulting conductive polythiophene interpenetrating networks (IPN)s is reported. Generally, conductive IPNs prepared from these systems were found to exhibit the capability to shuttle ions with predominant anion transport during the doping/dedoping process and were found to have doping levels ranging from 17 to 36%. N2T was found to produce conductive IPNs via SOC with a lower energy pi to pi* transition compared to those prepared from N3T. C1 Univ Connecticut, Inst Sci Mat, Dept Chem, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. Univ Connecticut, Inst Sci Mat, Polymer Program, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. Kraft Foods R&D, Nanotechnol Lab, Glenview, IL 60025 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Sotzing, GA (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Inst Sci Mat, Dept Chem, 97 N Eagleville Rd, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. EM Sotzing@mail.ims.uconn.edu NR 36 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 37 IS 12 BP 4351 EP 4359 DI 10.1021/ma049404s PG 9 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 828SZ UT WOS:000221994700005 ER PT J AU Alam, TM AF Alam, TM TI Solid-state C-13 magic angle spinning NMR spectroscopy characterization of particle size structural variations in synthetic nanodiamonds SO MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE NMR; diamond; nanodiamond; C-13 MAS NMR ID LATTICE-RELAXATION; DIAMOND POLYTYPES; CARBON; DEFECTS AB Solid-state C-13 magic angle spinning (MAS) NMR spectroscopy has been used to quantify the different carbon species observed in synthetically produced nanodiamonds. Two different diamond-like carbon species were observed using C-13 MAS NMR, which have been attributed to a highly ordered crystalline diamond phase and a disordered crystalline diamond phase. The relative ratio of these different diamond phases was found to vary with the particle size of the nanodiamond materials. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Organ Mat, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Alam, TM (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Organ Mat, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM tmalam@sandia.gov NR 18 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 2 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0254-0584 J9 MATER CHEM PHYS JI Mater. Chem. Phys. PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 85 IS 2-3 BP 310 EP 315 DI 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2004.01.029 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 821DR UT WOS:000221440700011 ER PT J AU Li, TZ Grignon, F Benson, DJ Vecchio, KS Olevsky, EA Jiang, FC Rohatgi, A Schwarz, RB Meyers, MA AF Li, TZ Grignon, F Benson, DJ Vecchio, KS Olevsky, EA Jiang, FC Rohatgi, A Schwarz, RB Meyers, MA TI Modeling the elastic properties and damage evolution in Ti-Al3Ti metal-intermetallic laminate (MIL) composites SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE laminate composites; mechanical performance; damage evolution; FEM modeling ID SURFACE COMPRESSION; FRACTURE-TOUGHNESS; STRESSES; BEHAVIOR; CERAMICS AB The mechanical performance of Ti-Al3Ti metal-intermetallic laminate (MIL) composites synthesized by a reactive foil sintering technique was evaluated. The elastic properties and anisotropy of the laminates were calculated and successfully compared with resonant ultrasonic spectroscopy (RUS) measurements. The effect of internal stresses due to differences in the thermal expansion coefficient on fracture toughness was analyzed. The principal mechanisms of damage initiation and accumulation were identified experimentally. The compressive strength was modeled by FEM using the Johnson-Holmquist constitutive equation. The computed results were successfully compared with experiments. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. San Diego State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM mameyers@mae.ucsd.edu RI Vecchio, Kenneth/F-6300-2011; Meyers, Marc/A-2970-2016 OI Vecchio, Kenneth/0000-0003-0217-6803; Meyers, Marc/0000-0003-1698-5396 NR 33 TC 33 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 EI 1873-4936 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 374 IS 1-2 BP 10 EP 26 DI 10.1016/j.msea.2003.09.074 PG 17 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 852EQ UT WOS:000223738400002 ER PT J AU Lee, DB Santella, ML AF Lee, DB Santella, ML TI High temperature oxidation of Ni3Al alloy containing Cr, Zr, Mo, and B SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE nickel alummides based on Ni3Al; oxidation ID NICKEL ALUMINIDES; BEHAVIOR; CHROMIUM; ZIRCONIUM; ADDITIONS AB The oxidation behavior of a 74.028 Ni-16.004 Al-7.844 Cr-1.263 Zr-0.836 Mo-0.025 B at.% alloy, known as IC221M, has been studied at 900, 1000 and 1100degreesC in air. Isothermal and cyclic weight gain measurements indicated that protective scales formed on the alloy at 900 and 1000degreesC. At 1100degreesC, massive scale spallation after 220 h of exposure was observed for cyclic oxidation conditions. The oxide scales consisted mainly of an outer NiO oxide layer, and inner, mixed oxides of alpha-Al2O3, NiAl2O4, and (monoclinic, tetragonal)-ZrO2. Some alumina and zirconia existed as internal oxide stringers. The oxide grains were frequently incorporated with dissolved, foreign cations such as Cr or Ni to a certain extent. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Sungkyunkwan Univ, Ctr Adv Plasma Surface Technol, Suwon 440746, South Korea. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Lee, DB (reprint author), Sungkyunkwan Univ, Ctr Adv Plasma Surface Technol, Suwon 440746, South Korea. EM dlee@yurim.skku.ac.kr NR 20 TC 24 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 374 IS 1-2 BP 217 EP 223 DI 10.1016/j.msea.2004.02.012 PG 7 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 852EQ UT WOS:000223738400028 ER PT J AU Palmer, TA Elmer, JW Babu, SS AF Palmer, TA Elmer, JW Babu, SS TI Observations of ferrite/austenite transformations in the heat affected zone of 2205 duplex stainless steel spot welds using time resolved X-ray diffraction SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE time resolved X-ray diffraction; duplex stainless steels; phase transformations; ferrite; austenite; nitrogen ID IN-SITU OBSERVATIONS; PHASE-TRANSFORMATIONS; MICROSTRUCTURE EVOLUTION; ARC WELDS; SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION; AUSTENITE FORMATION; PITTING CORROSION; PROCESS MODEL; FUSION WELDS; SOLIDIFICATION AB Time resolved X-ray diffraction (TRXRD) measurements are made in the heat affected zone (HAZ) of 2205 duplex stainless steel (DSS) spot welds. Both the gamma --> delta and delta --> gamma transformations are monitored as a function of time during the rapid spot weld heating and cooling cycles. These observations are then correlated with calculated thermal cycles. Where the peak temperatures are highest (similar to1342degreesC) the gamma --> delta transformation proceeds to completion, leaving a ferritic microstructure at the end of heating. With lower peak temperatures, the gamma --> delta transformation proceeds to only partial completion, resulting in a microstructure containing both transformed and untransformed austenite. Further analyses of the individual diffraction patterns show shifts in the peak positions and peak widths as a function of both time and temperature. In addition, these changes in the peak characteristics are correlated with measured changes in the ferrite volume fraction. Such changes in the peak positions and widths during the gamma --> delta transformation provide an indication of changes occurring in each phase. These changes in peak properties can be correlated with the diffusion of nitrogen and other substitutional alloying elements, which are recognized as the primary mechanisms for this transformation. Upon cooling, the delta --> gamma transformation is observed to proceed from both the completely and partially transformed microstructural regions in the TRXRD data. An examination of the resulting microstructures confirms the TRXRD observation as the evidence shows that austenite both nucleates and grows from the ferritic microstructure at locations closest to the fusion zone boundary and grows from untransformed austenite grains at locations further from this boundary. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Palmer, TA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM palmer18@llnl.gov RI Babu, Sudarsanam/D-1694-2010 OI Babu, Sudarsanam/0000-0002-3531-2579 NR 39 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 2 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 374 IS 1-2 BP 307 EP 321 DI 10.1016/j.msea.2004.03.037 PG 15 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 852EQ UT WOS:000223738400040 ER PT J AU Zhang, X Libertun, AR Paul, A Gagnon, E Backus, S Christov, IP Murnane, MM Kapteyn, HC Bartels, RA Liu, Y Attwood, DT AF Zhang, X Libertun, AR Paul, A Gagnon, E Backus, S Christov, IP Murnane, MM Kapteyn, HC Bartels, RA Liu, Y Attwood, DT TI Highly coherent light at 13 nm generated by use of quasi-phase-matched high-harmonic generation SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB By measuring the fringe visibility in a Young's double pinhole experiment, we demonstrate that quasi-phase-matched high-harmonic generation produces beams with very high spatial coherence at wavelengths around 13 nm. To our knowledge these are the highest spatial coherence values ever measured at such short wavelengths from any source without spatial filtering. This results in a practical, small-scale, coherent, extreme-ultraviolet source that is useful for applications in metrology, imaging, and microscopy. (C) 2004 Optical Society of America. C1 Univ Colorado, Joint Inst Lab Astrophys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Colorado State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Appl Sci & Technol Grad Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Ctr Xray Opt, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Libertun, AR (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Joint Inst Lab Astrophys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. EM arl@colorado.edu RI Backus, Sterling/C-2506-2008; Kapteyn, Henry/H-6559-2011; Christov, Ivan/D-4446-2014 OI Kapteyn, Henry/0000-0001-8386-6317; Christov, Ivan/0000-0002-9146-6708 NR 12 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 2 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 29 IS 12 BP 1357 EP 1359 DI 10.1364/OL.29.001357 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 825KN UT WOS:000221756000017 PM 15233434 ER PT J AU Tseng, SH Greene, JH Taflove, A Maitland, D Backman, V Walsh, J AF Tseng, SH Greene, JH Taflove, A Maitland, D Backman, V Walsh, J TI Exact solution of Maxwell's equations for optical interactions with a macroscopic random medium SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PSTD ALGORITHM; WAVELENGTH; CELLS AB We report what we believe to be the first rigorous numerical solution of the two-dimensional Maxwell equations for optical propagation within, and scattering by, a random medium of macroscopic dimensions. Our solution is based on the pseudospectral time-domain technique, which provides essentially exact results for electromagnetic field spatial modes sampled at the Nyquist rate or better. The results point toward the emerging feasibility of direct, exact Maxwell equations modeling of light propagation through many millimeters of biological tissues. More generally, our results have a wider implication: Namely, the study of electromagnetic wave propagation within random media is moving toward exact rather than approximate solutions of Maxwell's equations. (C) 2004 Optical Society of America. C1 Northwestern Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Med Phys & Biophys Div, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Northwestern Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RP Tseng, SH (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. EM snow@ece.northwestern.edu RI Backman, Vadim/B-6689-2009; Taflove, Allen/B-7275-2009; OI TSENG, SNOW-HONG/0000-0003-1743-801X FU NCI NIH HHS [5R01CA085991-03] NR 8 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 5 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 29 IS 12 BP 1393 EP 1395 DI 10.1364/OL.29.001393 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 825KN UT WOS:000221756000029 PM 15233446 ER PT J AU Reichhardt, CJO Reichhardt, C Martin, I Bishop, AR AF Reichhardt, CJO Reichhardt, C Martin, I Bishop, AR TI Dynamics and melting of stripes, crystals, and bubbles with quenched disorder SO PHYSICA D-NONLINEAR PHENOMENA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Anomalous Distributions, Nonlinear Dynamics and Nonextensivity CY NOV 06-09, 2002 CL Santa Fe, NM SP Los Alamos Natl Lab DE two-dimensional systems; quenched disorder; short and long-range interactions ID VORTEX LATTICES; PHASES; SYSTEMS; LIQUID; TRANSITION; PATTERNS; NOISE; FILM AB Two-dimensional systems in which there is a competition between long-range repulsion and short-range attraction exhibit a remarkable variety of patterns such as stripes, bubbles, and labyrinths. Such systems include magnetic films, Langmuir monolayers, polymers, gets, water-oil mixtures, and two-dimensional electron systems. In many of these systems quenched disorder from the underlying substrate may be present. We examine the dynamics and stripe formation in the presence of both an applied dc drive and quenched disorder. When the disorder strength exceeds a critical value, an applied dc drive can induce a dynamical stripe ordering transition to a state that is more ordered than the originating undriven, unpinned pattern. We also consider the melting transition of the different patterns. (C) 2004 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Ctr Nonlinear Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Ctr Nonlinear Sci, T-12,MS B268, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM cjrx@lan1.gov NR 31 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2789 EI 1872-8022 J9 PHYSICA D JI Physica D PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 193 IS 1-4 BP 303 EP 309 DI 10.1016/j.physd.2004.01.027 PG 7 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA 830WH UT WOS:000222154400025 ER PT J AU Fiquet, G Badro, J Guyot, F Bellin, C Krisch, M Antonangeli, D Requardt, H Mermet, A Farber, D Aracne-Ruddle, C Zhang, J AF Fiquet, G Badro, J Guyot, F Bellin, C Krisch, M Antonangeli, D Requardt, H Mermet, A Farber, D Aracne-Ruddle, C Zhang, J TI Application of inelastic X-ray scattering to the measurements of acoustic wave velocities in geophysical materials at very high pressure SO PHYSICS OF THE EARTH AND PLANETARY INTERIORS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT High Pressure Mineral Physics Seminars CY AUG 26-31, 2002 CL Verbania, ITALY DE earth's interior; mineral physics; high pressure; physical properties; elasticity; techniques ID EARTHS INNER-CORE; IMPULSIVE STIMULATED SCATTERING; ELASTIC-CONSTANTS; PHONON-DISPERSION; MGSIO3 PEROVSKITE; SOUND VELOCITIES; BRILLOUIN-SCATTERING; ENERGY RESOLUTION; LATTICE-DYNAMICS; AB-INITIO AB Reference Earth global models used by geophysicists are mostly constrained by analysing seismic waves that travel in the Earth. The interpretation of these seismological models in terms of chemical composition and temperature thus relies on the knowledge of the chemical composition, structure and elastic properties of some candidate materials relevant to geophysics. We will describe some recent advances in experimental mineral physics which yield essential information on the elastic properties of pertinent materials of Earth's mantle and core. In particular, we show that inelastic X-ray scattering (IXS) proves to be a well suited spectroscopic technique for the study of phonon dispersion in materials under high pressure. Inelastic scattering experiments carried out on polycrystalline samples provide measurements of orientationally averaged longitudinal acoustic velocities whereas investigations on single crystals yield elastic moduli. Such a technique is thus highly interesting for mineral physicists and offers a great potential in providing essential elastic data and their pressure and/or temperature dependence on most compounds of geophysical interest. (C) 2004 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Univ Paris 06, Lab Mineral Cristallog, UMR 7590, CNRS,Inst Phys Globe Paris, F-75252 Paris 05, France. Univ Paris 07, Lab Mineral Cristallog, UMR 7590, CNRS,Inst Phys Globe Paris, F-75252 Paris, France. European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, F-38043 Grenoble, France. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Energy & Environm Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, CHiPR, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Geosci, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. RP Fiquet, G (reprint author), Univ Paris 06, Lab Mineral Cristallog, UMR 7590, CNRS,Inst Phys Globe Paris, 4 Pl Jussieu, F-75252 Paris 05, France. EM fiquet@lmcp.jussieu.fr RI Farber, Daniel/F-9237-2011; Fiquet, Guillaume/H-1219-2011; Fiquet, Guillaume/M-6934-2014; GUYOT, Francois/C-3824-2016; IMPMC, Geobio/F-8819-2016; Badro, James/A-6003-2011 OI GUYOT, Francois/0000-0003-4622-2218; NR 69 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0031-9201 J9 PHYS EARTH PLANET IN JI Phys. Earth Planet. Inter. PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 143 BP 5 EP 18 DI 10.1016/j.pepi.2003.10.005 PG 14 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 831AL UT WOS:000222165200002 ER PT J AU Nishiyama, N Irifune, T Inoue, T Ando, J Funakoshi, K AF Nishiyama, N Irifune, T Inoue, T Ando, J Funakoshi, K TI Precise determination of phase relations in pyrolite across the 660 km seismic discontinuity by in situ X-ray diffraction and quench experiments SO PHYSICS OF THE EARTH AND PLANETARY INTERIORS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT High Pressure Mineral Physics Seminars CY AUG 26-31, 2002 CL Verbania, ITALY DE pyrolite; 660 km seismic discontinuity; ringwoodite; majorite garnet; in situ X-ray diffraction experiments; Fe-Mg partitioning ID EQUATION-OF-STATE; LOWER MANTLE; HIGH-PRESSURE; GEOPHYSICAL IMPLICATIONS; CALIBRATION STANDARD; CASIO3 PEROVSKITE; MGSIO3 PEROVSKITE; THERMAL EQUATION; EARTHS MANTLE; SYSTEM AB Mineral assemblage changes in a pyrolite composition with increasing pressure were observed by in situ X-ray diffraction and quench experiments at pressures near that of the 660 km seismic discontinuity and at a fixed temperature of 1600 degreesC. According to results obtained by in situ X-ray diffraction experiments, ringwoodite (Rw) was observed with majorite garnet and CaSiO3-rich perovskite at pressures of about 20-22GPa. Dissociation of ringwoodite to MgSiO3-rich perovskite and magnesiowustite (Mw) was completed at 22.0 +/- 0.2 GPa according to Matsui et al.'s periclase pressure scale, and at 21.7 +/- 0.1 GPa according to Shim et al.'s old pressure scale. Majorite garnet persisted to about 24 GPa where pyrolite transformed to a lower mantle mineral assemblage, i.e. MgSiO3-perovskite, CaSiO3-rich perovskite, and magnesiowustite. Thus, majorite garnet coexists with the lower mantle assemblage at pressures of about 22-24 GPa. In the quench experiments, an assemblage of Mg2SiO3-perovskite, niagnesiowustite, CaSiO3-rich perovskite, and majorite garnet was synthesized at 22.5 GPa and 1600degreesC, in which Mg-perovskite contained 2.8 wt.% Al2O3, and was significantly poorer in Fe than coexisting magnesiowustite. The Fe-Mg partition coefficient between Mg-perovskite and magnesiowustite including ferric iron (K-app = 0.27 +/- 0.06) is very close to that in the Al-free system, which suggests that these P-T conditions are in the vicinity of those of ringwoodite decomposition. Both the results of in situ X-ray diffraction and quench experiments in the present study yield a convergent result that ringwoodite decomposes into Mg-perovskite and magnesiowustite before the gamet-to-perovskite transition at 4600 degreesC in pyrolite. The relation between the Al content in Mg-perovskite and K-app in pyrolite is non-linear, which is consistent with the Fe-Mg partitioning between Mg-perovskite and magnesiowustite previously reported for a simpler MgO-FeO-Al2O3-SiO2 system. (C) 2004 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Ehime Univ, Geodynam Res Ctr, Matsuyama, Ehime 7908577, Japan. Hiroshima Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Syst Scci, Higashihiroshima 7398526, Japan. Japan Synchrotron Radiat Res Inst, Mikazuki, Hyogo 6795198, Japan. RP Nishiyama, N (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave,Bldg 434 A, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM nishiyama@cars.uchicago.edu RI Nishiyama, Norimasa/A-7627-2016 NR 49 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0031-9201 J9 PHYS EARTH PLANET IN JI Phys. Earth Planet. Inter. PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 143 BP 185 EP 199 DI 10.1016/j.pepi.2003.08.010 PG 15 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 831AL UT WOS:000222165200014 ER PT J AU Xu, YS Shankland, TJ Linhardt, S Rubie, DC Langenhorst, F Klasinski, K AF Xu, YS Shankland, TJ Linhardt, S Rubie, DC Langenhorst, F Klasinski, K TI Thermal diffusivity and conductivity of olivine, wadsleyite and ringwoodite to 20 GPa and 1373 K SO PHYSICS OF THE EARTH AND PLANETARY INTERIORS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT High Pressure Mineral Physics Seminars CY AUG 26-31, 2002 CL Verbania, ITALY DE heat transport; high pressure; earth's mantle; subducting lithosphere; multianvil apparatus ID ROCK-FORMING MINERALS; HIGH-TEMPERATURES; LIGHT-SCATTERING; PHASE-TRANSFORMATIONS; DEEP EARTHQUAKES; UPPER-MANTLE; PRESSURE; MODEL; COMPUTATION; DIFFRACTION AB We present results of lattice thermal diffusivity measurements oil (Mg0.9Fe0.1)(2)SiO4 olivine and its high-pressure polymorphs wadsleyite and ringwoodite under mantle conditions. We used the Angstrom method on cylindrical samples in multianvil apparatus at pressures up to 20 GPa and temperatures up to 1373 K. Because of the fine polycrystallinity of the specimens (similar to30-40 mum or less), there is strong scattering/absorption of light and suppression of radiative transport so that the lattice vibrational component is the dominant heat transfer mode. Lattice thermal conductivities were calculated from the thermal diffusivity results using heat capacity and equation of state data. Olivine thermal conductivities are consistent with previous results obtained at 1 atm [e.g. J. Am. Ceramic Soc. 38 (1954) 107; J. Geophys. Res. 77 (1972) 6966; Science 283 (1999) 1699]. Thermal conductivity increases by approximately 30% at the transition from olivine to wadsleyite (corresponding to the 410 km discontinuity) and a further, but smaller, increase may occur at the transition from wadsleyite to ringwoodite. For each of these phases, lattice conductivity closely follows a T-1/2 dependence on temperature T [Phys. Rev. 119 (1960) 507; J. Geophys. Res. 79 (1974) 703; Brown, 2002]. If such a dependence applies to other silicates and complex crystals, there should be a useful way to estimate conductivities at high temperatures from room temperature measurements. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Bayreuth, Bayer Geoinst, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Xu, YS (reprint author), Yale Univ, Dept Geol & Geophys, POB 208109, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. EM yousheng.xu@yale.edu NR 59 TC 75 Z9 80 U1 3 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0031-9201 J9 PHYS EARTH PLANET IN JI Phys. Earth Planet. Inter. PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 143 BP 321 EP 336 DI 10.1016/j.pepi.2004.03.005 PG 16 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 831AL UT WOS:000222165200026 ER PT J AU Luo, SN Ahrens, TJ AF Luo, SN Ahrens, TJ TI Shock-induced superheating and melting curves of geophysically important minerals SO PHYSICS OF THE EARTH AND PLANETARY INTERIORS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT High Pressure Mineral Physics Seminars CY AUG 26-31, 2002 CL Verbania, ITALY DE superheating; melting curve; shock waves; sound-speed; molecular dynamics ID PHASE-TRANSITIONS; STABILITY LIMIT; IRON; TEMPERATURES; NUCLEATION; COMPRESSION; SYSTEMATICS; PRESSURES; ENTROPY; CORE AB Shock-state temperature and sound-speed measurements on crystalline materials, demonstrate superheating-melting behavior distinct from equilibrium melting. Shocked solid can be superheated to the maximum temperature, T(c'). At slightly higher pressure, P(c) shock melting occurs, and induces a lower shock temperature, T(c). The Hugoniot state, (P(c), T(c)), is inferred to fie along the equilibrium melting curve. The amount of superheating achieved on Hugoniot is, Theta(H)(+) = T(c')/T(c) - 1. Shock-induced H superheating for a number of silicates, alkali halides and metals agrees closely with the predictions of a systematic framework describing superheating at various heating rates [Appl. Phys. Lett. 82 (12) (2003) 1836]. High-pressure melting curves are constructed by integration from (P(c), T(c)) based on the Lindemann law. We calculate the volume and entropy changes upon melting at (P(c), T(c)) assuming the R In 2 rule (R is the gas constant) for the disordering entropy of melting [J. Chem. Phys. 19 (1951) 93; Sov. Phys. Usp. 117 (1975) 625; Poirier, J.P., 1991. Introduction to the Physics of the Earth's Interior. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 102 pp.]. (P(c), T(c)) and the Lindemann melting curves are in excellent accord with diamond-anvil cell (DAC) results for NaCl, KBr and stishovite. But significant discrepancies exist for transition metals. If we extrapolate the DAC melting data [Phys. Rev. B 63 (2001) 132104] for transition metals (Fe, V, Mo, W and Ta) to 200-400 GPa where shock melting occurs, shock temperature measurement and calculation would indicate Theta(H)(+) similar to 0.7-2.0. These large values of superheating are not consistent with the H superheating systematics. The discrepancies could be reconciled by possible solid-solid phase transitions at high pressures. In particular, this work suggests that Fe undergoes a possible solid-solid phase transition at similar to200 GPa and melts at similar to270 GPa upon shock wave loading, and the melting temperature is similar to6300 K at 330 GPa. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 CALTECH, Seismol Lab, Lindhurst Lab Expt Geophys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP Luo, SN (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS E526, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM sluo@lan1.gov RI Luo, Sheng-Nian /D-2257-2010 OI Luo, Sheng-Nian /0000-0002-7538-0541 NR 65 TC 55 Z9 57 U1 3 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0031-9201 J9 PHYS EARTH PLANET IN JI Phys. Earth Planet. Inter. PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 143 BP 369 EP 386 DI 10.1016/j.pepi.2003.04.001 PG 18 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 831AL UT WOS:000222165200030 ER PT J AU Fraser, HB Hirsh, AE Wall, DP Eisen, MB AF Fraser, HB Hirsh, AE Wall, DP Eisen, MB TI Coevolution of gene expression among interacting proteins SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID GENOME-WIDE ANALYSIS; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; YEAST; BIOGENESIS; SELECTION; EVOLUTION; SEQUENCE; PATTERNS; NETWORKS; PROFILES AB Physically interacting proteins or parts of proteins are expected to evolve in a coordinated manner that preserves proper interactions. Such coevolution at the amino acid-sequence level is well documented and has been used to predict interacting proteins, domains, and amino acids. Interacting proteins are also often precisely coexpressed with one another, presumably to maintain proper stoichiometry among interacting components. Here, we show that the expression levels of physically interacting proteins coevolve. We estimate average expression levels of genes from four closely related fungi of the genus Saccharomyces using the codon adaptation index and show that expression levels of interacting proteins exhibit coordinated changes in these different species. We find that this coevolution of expression is a more powerful predictor of physical interaction than is coevolution of amino acid sequence. These results demonstrate that gene expression levels can coevolve, adding another dimension to the study of the coevolution of interacting proteins and underscoring the importance of maintaining coexpression of interacting proteins over evolutionary time. Our results also suggest that expression coevolution can be used for computational prediction of protein-protein interactions. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Comp Biol Initiat, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Genome Sci, Berkeley, CA 92720 USA. Harvard Univ, Dept Syst Biol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Fraser, HB (reprint author), 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM hunter@ocf.berkeley.edu OI Eisen, Michael/0000-0002-7528-738X NR 35 TC 124 Z9 132 U1 0 U2 11 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 101 IS 24 BP 9033 EP 9038 DI 10.1073/pnas.0402591101 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 830EQ UT WOS:000222104900038 PM 15175431 ER PT J AU Ali, SM Jennings, JM Phinney, LM AF Ali, SM Jennings, JM Phinney, LM TI Temperature dependence for in-use stiction of polycrystalline silicon MEMS cantilevers SO SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL LA English DT Article DE in-use stiction; MEMS reliability; surface adhesion; OTS; surface micromachining ID ADHESION; FORCES; FILMS AB Adhesion during operation, referred to as in-use stiction, shortens the useful lifetimes and reliability of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS). In this paper, operational reliability tests were performed to investigate the effect of temperature on in-use stiction for surface-micromachined, polycrystalline silicon MEMS cantilevers subject to three release techniques: supercritical CO2 drying, laser irradiation repair, and an octadecyltrichlorosilane (OTS) deposition process. The cantilevers were heated from room temperature to 300degreesC and then returned to room temperature. The cantilevers were electrostatically actuated at specific temperatures between 22 and 300 C during the heating and cooling stages, and their sticking probabilities determined. The failure probability results exhibit a slight variation with temperature for microcantilevers released using the supercritical CO2 dry and laser irradiation repair. However, in-use stiction of microcantilevers coated with OTS is strongly dependent on temperature. The incidence of in-use stiction was highest during the heating stage, reduced during the cooling stage, and decreased further when the samples were reheated to 300 degreesC. The results indicate that thermal annealing of OTS coated structures in air decreases in-use stiction failures. Surface characterization of OTS coated samples was conducted using contact angle goniometry, atomic force microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. (C) 2004 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Mech & Ind Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Phinney, LM (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800 MS 1310, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM lmphinn@sandia.gov NR 20 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0924-4247 J9 SENSOR ACTUAT A-PHYS JI Sens. Actuator A-Phys. PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 113 IS 1 BP 60 EP 70 DI 10.1016/j.sna.2004.01.037 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 833ZH UT WOS:000222379800007 ER PT J AU Lei, H Pitt, WG McGrath, LK Ho, CK AF Lei, H Pitt, WG McGrath, LK Ho, CK TI Resistivity measurements of carbon-polymer composites in chemical sensors: impact of carbon concentration and geometry SO SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL LA English DT Article DE chemiresistor sensor; carbon-polymer composites; general effective media equation; resistivity measurement ID VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; ARRAYS; BLACK; PERCOLATION; TEMPERATURE; DEPENDENCE; MIXTURES; DESIGN AB Chemiresistor sensors comprised of conductive polymer composites have shown great potential in identifying gaseous analytes. The performance of these sensors depends on a number of parameters, including the geometry and concentration of the conductive component dispersed in the polymer. In this study, 64 chemiresistors representing eight different carbon concentrations (8-60vol.% carbon) were constructed by depositing thin films of a carbon black-polyisobutylene composite onto concentric spiral platinum electrodes on a silicon chip. The impact of carbon concentration and geometry on the measured resistance and derived resistivity of the polymer composite was determined. The thickness and surface topography of each sensor was measured with a mechanical profilometer, and the resistance of each sensor was measured in dry air at room temperature. Finite element modeling was used to correlate the thickness and measured electrical resistance with the intrinsic resistivity of the polymer-carbon composite. The derived resistivity data fit the general effective media (GEM) model adequately, and the fitted parameters predicted values for percolation threshold and carbon resistivity that were consistent with published literature. Further finite element modeling showed that resistivity was a strong function of composite composition and thickness, but was relatively insensitive to the surface roughness of the composite on the sensor. The correlations developed herein can be used in reverse to calculate the thickness of the composite polymer film deposited on the solid substrate from a measurement of resistance in dry air. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Brigham Young Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Provo, UT 84602 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Pitt, WG (reprint author), Brigham Young Univ, Dept Chem Engn, 350 Clyde Bldg, Provo, UT 84602 USA. EM pitt@byu.edu RI Pitt, William/M-6647-2014 NR 35 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-4005 J9 SENSOR ACTUAT B-CHEM JI Sens. Actuator B-Chem. PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 101 IS 1-2 BP 122 EP 132 DI 10.1016/j.sub.2004.02.042 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 827IS UT WOS:000221893500015 ER PT J AU Breeze, AJ Schlesinger, Z Carter, SA Tillmann, H Horhold, HH AF Breeze, AJ Schlesinger, Z Carter, SA Tillmann, H Horhold, HH TI Improving power efficiencies in polymer - polymer blend photovoltaics SO SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS LA English DT Article DE polymer solar cells; polymer blends; charge transport; carrier mobility; exciton dissociation; M3EH-PPV; CN-ether-PPV; titanium dioxide solgel ID DONOR-ACCEPTOR HETEROJUNCTIONS; LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; CHARGE SEPARATION; CELLS; SENSITIZATION; CONVERSION; COMPOSITES; TRANSPORT; DEVICES AB The use of blends of electron and hole transporting polymers has been shown to increase exciton dissociation and efficiency in polymer-based photovoltaics. We compare plain M3EH-PPV devices to M3EH-PPV:CN-ether-PPV blend devices, demonstrating the improved performance of blends. We vary the polymer layer thickness and device electrodes for M3EH-PPV:CN-ether-PPV polymer blend devices to investigate the factors limited device efficiency. We find that although the blends allow exciton dissociation to take place throughout the polymer layer, these devices are still limited by transport properties rather than by light absorption. Our best blend device, made with indium-tin oxide and Ca electrodes, gives a power conversion efficiency eta(p) = 1.0%. (C) 2004 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Univ Jena, D-6900 Jena, Germany. RP Carter, SA (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. EM sacarter@cats.ucsc.edu NR 22 TC 68 Z9 72 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-0248 J9 SOL ENERG MAT SOL C JI Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 83 IS 2-3 BP 263 EP 271 DI 10.1016/j.solmat.2004.02.029 PG 9 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA 828WU UT WOS:000222005200010 ER PT J AU Loewen, EP Bisanz, GN Gilbert, KL AF Loewen, EP Bisanz, GN Gilbert, KL TI Formation of iron arsenide films on steel substrates from exposure to molten lead SO THIN SOLID FILMS LA English DT Article DE arsenic; iron; lead; growth mechanism ID TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; CORROSION; TESTS; FEAS AB This paper reports a mechanism for the formation of iron-arsenide films on metal substrates in the presence of molten lead (2-wt.% antimony and 0.3-wt.% arsenic). When iron samples were exposed to flowing molten lead at 500 degreesC for 100 h, an iron-arsenide film (approx. 40 mum) formed on the substrate. The film is composed of two layers: an outer-most layer approaching stoichiometric composition of iron-arsenide, and an inner layer a mixture of Fe-As-Sb-Pb. An abrupt change in elemental composition and texture is observed between the two layers. Film growth resulted in no obvious dimensional change in the substrate. Optimal film growth occurred at an oxygen potential of p(O2) similar to 10(-40) atm. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. Oakland Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Rochester, MI 48309 USA. RP Loewen, EP (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, POB 1625 MS 3860, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM loewep@inel.gov; george_bisanz@hotmail.com; gkl@inel.gov NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0040-6090 J9 THIN SOLID FILMS JI Thin Solid Films PD JUN 15 PY 2004 VL 457 IS 2 BP 313 EP 319 DI 10.1016/j.tsf.2003.11.299 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 826VT UT WOS:000221858300012 ER PT J AU Wieczorek, S Chow, WW Lee, SR Fischer, AJ Allerman, AA Crawford, MH AF Wieczorek, S Chow, WW Lee, SR Fischer, AJ Allerman, AA Crawford, MH TI Analysis of optical emission from high-aluminum AlGaN quantum-well structures SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB The letter presents theoretical analysis of spontaneous emission in AlGaN wurtzite quantum wells. It is found that the combined effects of strain, internal electric field, and many-body Coulomb interactions lead to a significant dependence of optical properties on quantum-well configuration. In particular, the effects of the internal electric field are mitigated for certain Al concentration in the quantum well. Calculations of the emitted photon energy show good agreement with experimental measurements. Presented results are of interest for applications such as ultraviolet light-emitting diodes and lasers. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Semicond Mat & Device Sci Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Wieczorek, S (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Semicond Mat & Device Sci Dept, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM smwiecz@sandia.gov NR 12 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 14 PY 2004 VL 84 IS 24 BP 4899 EP 4901 DI 10.1063/1.1763211 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 825YA UT WOS:000221793600021 ER PT J AU Ganan-Calvo, AM Fernandez, JM Oliver, AM Marquez, M AF Ganan-Calvo, AM Fernandez, JM Oliver, AM Marquez, M TI Coarsening of monodisperse wet microfoams SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID AQUEOUS FOAMS; DRAINAGE; DYNAMICS; KINETICS AB We report experiments on the aging of monodisperse wet microfoams. We use the flow focusing technique to produce perfectly monodisperse microbubbles from 50 to 80 mum in diameter. This results in a foam of spherical bubbles of the same size ordered in random ordered lattices like "crystal grains" above the foam/liquid interface. We observe two different behaviors while the foam drains without any interference. At early times, the foam bubble size is almost constant from 10 to 20 min depending on the initial diameter of the bubbles. For longer times, the foam reaches a scaling state where the bubbles mean diameter growth agrees with the theoretical prediction t(1/3). (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Sevilla, Escuela Super Ingn, Grp Mecan Fluidos, Seville 41092, Spain. LANL, CS DO, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Krafts Foods R&D, Glenview, IL USA. RP Ganan-Calvo, AM (reprint author), Univ Sevilla, Escuela Super Ingn, Grp Mecan Fluidos, Ave Sexcubrimientos S-N, Seville 41092, Spain. EM alfonso@eurus2.us.es RI Ganan-Calvo, Alfonso/F-1169-2013; Martinez Fernandez, Julian/K-1826-2012 OI Martinez Fernandez, Julian/0000-0002-1199-6638 NR 16 TC 26 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 14 PY 2004 VL 84 IS 24 BP 4989 EP 4991 DI 10.1063/1.1762992 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 825YA UT WOS:000221793600051 ER PT J AU Alexandrova, AN Zhai, HJ Wang, LS Boldyrev, AI AF Alexandrova, AN Zhai, HJ Wang, LS Boldyrev, AI TI Molecular wheel B-8(2-) as a new inorganic ligand. Photoelectron spectroscopy and ab initio characterization of LiB8- SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID TRANSITION-METAL CLUSTERS; B-B DISTANCES; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; BORON CLUSTERS; BASIS-SETS; AROMATICITY; PLANARITY; ATOMS; ANTIAROMATICITY; APPROXIMATION AB The bare B-8 cluster was previously reported to be a D-7h molecular wheel with a triplet group state. The B-8(2-) dianion was predicted to be a closed-shell singlet and double aromatic D7h molecular wheel. Here we report the experimental observation of B-8(2-) stabilized by a Li+ cation in LiB8- and its experimental characterization using photoelectron spectroscopy. Theoretical searches lead to a C-7v LiB8- global minimum structure, and its calculated photodetachment transitions are in good agreement with the experimental values. Except for a small out-of-plane distortion due to the asymmetric Li+ capping, the B-8(2-) unit in LiB8- is nearly identical to the bare B-8(2-), suggesting it is a robust and stable structural unit and may be used as a new ligand and building block in chemistry. C1 Washington State Univ, Dept Phys, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Utah State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Logan, UT 84322 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, WR Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Wang, LS (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Phys, 2710 Univ Dr, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM ls.wang@pnl.gov; boldyrev@cc.usu.edu RI Boldyrev, Alexander/C-5940-2009 OI Boldyrev, Alexander/0000-0002-8277-3669 NR 40 TC 97 Z9 98 U1 1 U2 23 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD JUN 14 PY 2004 VL 43 IS 12 BP 3552 EP 3554 DI 10.1021/ic049706a PG 3 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 828QY UT WOS:000221989000001 PM 15180405 ER PT J AU Li, B Corbett, JD AF Li, B Corbett, JD TI Synthesis, structure, and characterization of a cubic thallium cluster phase of the Bergman type, Na-13(Cd similar to Tl-0.70 similar to(0.30))27 SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID QUASI-CRYSTALLINE APPROXIMANTS; METALLIC ZINTL PHASE; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; SOLID-STATE; COMPOUND; CS; RB; ICOSAHEDRA; CHEMISTRY; POLYANION AB Samples of Na-13(Cd1-xTlx)(27) crystallize with a cubic Bergman-type Im (3) over bar structure (formerly called the R-phase) (Z = 4, a similar or equal to 15.92 Angstrom) and exhibit a small phase width, 0.24 < x < 0.33. The crystal structure exhibits a Cd/Tl (=M) network of concentric empty M-12 and Cd-12 icosahedra and M-60 buckyball clusters, with the sodium cations in the annuli between clusters. The compound is unusually electron deficient with respect to electron counting rules applied to most Bergman phases with less electropositive cations, and because of the sodium component it is probably better described as an electron-poor Zintl phase. The new compound is metallic according to both EHTB band calculations for the anion and the measured resistivities and magnetic susceptibilities. Site preferences observed for Na, Cd, and Tl among the seven crystallographic sites are consistent with their relative Mulliken electron populations. C1 Iowa State Univ, US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Corbett, JD (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM jcorbett@iastate.edu NR 48 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD JUN 14 PY 2004 VL 43 IS 12 BP 3582 EP 3587 DI 10.1021/ic0400033 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 828QY UT WOS:000221989000006 PM 15180410 ER PT J AU Fu, YJ Yang, X Wang, XB Wang, LS AF Fu, YJ Yang, X Wang, XB Wang, LS TI Terminal ligand influence on the electronic structure and intrinsic redox properties of the [Fe4S4](2+) cubane clusters SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID IRON-SULFUR CLUSTERS; X-RAY-ABSORPTION; PYROCOCCUS-FURIOSUS FERREDOXIN; MULTIPLY-CHARGED ANIONS; PHOTODETACHMENT PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; REPULSIVE COULOMB BARRIER; SITE-DIRECTED MUTAGENESIS; 4FE-4S CLUSTER; SYNTHETIC ANALOGS; ACTIVE-SITES AB We used photoelectron spectroscopy (PES) to study how the terminal ligands influence the electronic structure and redox properties of the [4Fe-4S] cubane in several series of ligand-substituted analogue complexes: [Fe4S4Cl4-x(CN)(x)](2-), [Fe4S4Cl4-x(SCN)(x)](2-), [Fe4S4Cl4-x(OAc)(x)](2-), [Fe4S4(SC2H5)(4-x)(OPr)(x)](2-), and [Fe4S4(SC2H5)(4-x)Cl-x](2-) (x = 0-4). All the ligand-substituted complexes gave similar PES spectral features as the parents, suggesting that the mixed-ligand coordination does not perturb the electronic structure of the cubane core significantly. The terminal ligands, however, have profound effects on the electron binding energies of the cubane and induce significant shifts of the PES spectra, increasing in the order SC2H5- --> Cl- --> OAc-/OPr- --> CN- --> SCN-. A linear relationship between the electron binding energies and the substitution number x was observed for each series, indicating that each ligand contributes independently and additively to the total binding energy. The electron binding energies of the gaseous complexes represent their intrinsic oxidation energies; the observed linear dependence on x is consistent with similar observations on the redox potentials of mixed-ligand cubane complexes in solution. The current study reveals the electrostatic nature of the interaction between the [4Fe-4S] cubane core and its coordination environment and provides further evidence for the electronic and structural stability of the cubane core and its robustness as a structural and functional unit in Fe-S proteins. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, WR Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Washington State Univ, Dept Phys, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Wang, LS (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, WR Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM ls.wang@pnl.gov FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM-63555] NR 61 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD JUN 14 PY 2004 VL 43 IS 12 BP 3647 EP 3655 DI 10.1021/ic0495261 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 828QY UT WOS:000221989000015 PM 15180419 ER PT J AU Krstic, PS AF Krstic, PS TI Coupled channel representation of the advanced adiabatic approach SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS B-ATOMIC MOLECULAR AND OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-CAPTURE; COLLISIONS; IONS; HYDROGEN; IONIZATION; EXCITATION; ENERGIES; ATOM AB A treatment of the heavy particle collision dynamics in a form of molecular orbital coupled channel approach, emerging from the hidden crossings topology of the complex adiabatic eigenenergy surface, is proposed. We show how this can be self-consistently adjusted for application in the nearly adiabatic limit of collision energies. The method is tested for the charge transfer process in He2++H collisions, in a range of 10-400 eV/u collision energies. Excellent agreement of the partial and total cross sections with other accurate theories and experiments is shown, and comparative advantages of the method are discussed. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Krstic, PS (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 25 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-4075 J9 J PHYS B-AT MOL OPT JI J. Phys. B-At. Mol. Opt. Phys. PD JUN 14 PY 2004 VL 37 IS 11 BP L217 EP L225 AR PII S0953-4075(04)76627-4 DI 10.1088/0953-4075/37/11/L01 PG 9 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 853DZ UT WOS:000223808000001 ER PT J AU Krassnigg, A Roberts, CD AF Krassnigg, A Roberts, CD TI Dyson-Sschwinger equations: An instrument for hadron physics SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th IInternational Conference on Few-Body Problems in Physics (Few-Body 17) CY JUN 05-10, 2003 CL Durham, NC ID SCHWINGER EQUATIONS; PION; QCD; CONFINEMENT; MASS C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Krassnigg, A (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. OI Roberts, Craig/0000-0002-2937-1361 NR 29 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUN 14 PY 2004 VL 737 BP 7 EP 15 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.03.039 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 829IS UT WOS:000222042000003 ER PT J AU Carlson, J AF Carlson, J TI Electroweak processes in few-body nuclei SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Conference on Few-Body Problems in Physics (Few-Body 17) CY JUN 05-10, 2003 CL Durham, NC ID DEUTERON C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Carlson, J (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUN 14 PY 2004 VL 737 BP 77 EP 84 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.03.047 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 829IS UT WOS:000222042000011 ER PT J AU Gilman, R AF Gilman, R TI Deuteron elastic scattering, photo- and electro- disintegration SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th IInternational Conference on Few-Body Problems in Physics (Few-Body 17) CY JUN 05-10, 2003 CL Durham, NC ID PHOTODISINTEGRATION; ELECTRODISINTEGRATION; ASYMMETRY C1 Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Gilman, R (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, 136 Frelinghuysen Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. NR 47 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUN 14 PY 2004 VL 737 BP 156 EP 164 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.03.057 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 829IS UT WOS:000222042000021 ER PT J AU Edwards, RG Fiebig, HR Fleming, G Richards, DG AF Edwards, RG Fiebig, HR Fleming, G Richards, DG TI Lattice QCD and nucleon resonances SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th IInternational Conference on Few-Body Problems in Physics (Few-Body 17) CY JUN 05-10, 2003 CL Durham, NC ID FERMIONS C1 Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Florida Int Univ, Dept Phys, Miami, FL 33199 USA. RP Edwards, RG (reprint author), Jefferson Lab, MS 12H2,12000 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RI Fleming, George/L-6614-2013 OI Fleming, George/0000-0002-4987-7167 NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUN 14 PY 2004 VL 737 BP 167 EP 171 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.03.058 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 829IS UT WOS:000222042000022 ER PT J AU Bedaque, PF AF Bedaque, PF TI Model independency and three-particle systems SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th IInternational Conference on Few-Body Problems in Physics (Few-Body 17) CY JUN 05-10, 2003 CL Durham, NC C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Bedaque, PF (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 70R0319, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUN 14 PY 2004 VL 737 BP 195 EP 199 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.03.063 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 829IS UT WOS:000222042000027 ER PT J AU Nogga, A Epelbaum, E Navratil, P Glockle, W Kamada, H Meissner, UG Witala, H Barrett, BR Vary, JP AF Nogga, A Epelbaum, E Navratil, P Glockle, W Kamada, H Meissner, UG Witala, H Barrett, BR Vary, JP TI Probing chiral interactions in light nuclei SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th IInternational Conference on Few-Body Problems in Physics (Few-Body 17) CY JUN 05-10, 2003 CL Durham, NC ID EFFECTIVE-FIELD THEORY; FORCES; LAGRANGIANS; SYSTEMS C1 Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Ruhr Univ Bochum, D-4630 Bochum, Germany. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. Kyushu Inst Technol, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 804, Japan. Univ Bonn, Helmholtz Inst Strahlen & Kernphys, D-5300 Bonn, Germany. Jagiellonian Univ, PL-31007 Krakow, Poland. Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA USA. RP Nogga, A (reprint author), Univ Washington, Inst Nucl Theory, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RI Nogga, Andreas/A-3354-2008 OI Nogga, Andreas/0000-0003-2156-748X NR 12 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUN 14 PY 2004 VL 737 BP 236 EP 240 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.03.082 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 829IS UT WOS:000222042000034 ER PT J AU Hwang, WYP Lee, TSH Ma, BQ AF Hwang, WYP Lee, TSH Ma, BQ TI A replay of few-body reactions in particle cosmology SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th IInternational Conference on Few-Body Problems in Physics (Few-Body 17) CY JUN 05-10, 2003 CL Durham, NC ID COSMIC-RAY SPECTRUM C1 Natl Taiwan Univ, Inst Astrophys, Taipei 106, Taiwan. Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Phys, Taipei 106, Taiwan. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Peking Univ, Sch Phys, Inst Theoret Phys, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. RP Hwang, WYP (reprint author), Natl Taiwan Univ, Inst Astrophys, Taipei 106, Taiwan. OI HWANG, W-Y/0000-0003-1563-8683 NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUN 14 PY 2004 VL 737 BP 294 EP 297 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.03.091 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 829IS UT WOS:000222042000043 ER PT J AU de Jager, K AF de Jager, K TI Research perspectives at Jefferson lab: 12 GeV and beyond SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th IInternational Conference on Few-Body Problems in Physics (Few-Body 17) CY JUN 05-10, 2003 CL Durham, NC C1 Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP de Jager, K (reprint author), Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUN 14 PY 2004 VL 737 BP 301 EP 305 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.03.092 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 829IS UT WOS:000222042000044 ER PT J AU Schmidt-Bocking, H Dorner, R Jagutzki, O Jahnke, T Mergel, V Schmidt, H Weber, T Czasch, A Wimmer, C Hattass, M Knapp, A Schoffler, M Cocke, CL Prior, M Kheifets, A Weigold, E Afaneh, F AF Schmidt-Bocking, H Dorner, R Jagutzki, O Jahnke, T Mergel, V Schmidt, H Weber, T Czasch, A Wimmer, C Hattass, M Knapp, A Schoffler, M Cocke, CL Prior, M Kheifets, A Weigold, E Afaneh, F TI Many-particle dynamics in atomic and molecular physics investigated with the COLTRIMS-technique: New inside into e-e- correlation SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th IInternational Conference on Few-Body Problems in Physics (Few-Body 17) CY JUN 05-10, 2003 CL Durham, NC ID ION MOMENTUM SPECTROSCOPY; RECOIL-ION; MICROSCOPE C1 Univ Frankfurt, Inst Kernphys, D-60486 Frankfurt, Germany. Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Phys Sci & Engn, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. Hashemite Univ, Dept Phys, Zarqa 13115, Jordan. RP Schmidt-Bocking, H (reprint author), Univ Frankfurt, Inst Kernphys, August Euler Str 6, D-60486 Frankfurt, Germany. RI Schoeffler, Markus/B-6261-2008; Doerner, Reinhard/A-5340-2008; Weber, Thorsten/K-2586-2013 OI Schoeffler, Markus/0000-0001-9214-6848; Doerner, Reinhard/0000-0002-3728-4268; Weber, Thorsten/0000-0003-3756-2704 NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUN 14 PY 2004 VL 737 BP 306 EP 313 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.03.093 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 829IS UT WOS:000222042000045 ER PT J AU Bezrukov, S Elsasser, R Monien, B Preis, R Tillich, JP AF Bezrukov, S Elsasser, R Monien, B Preis, R Tillich, JP TI New spectral lower bounds on the bisection width of graphs SO THEORETICAL COMPUTER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE graph bisection; laplacian of graphs; eigenvalues of graphs ID RAMANUJAN GRAPHS; ISOPERIMETRIC NUMBER; EIGENVECTORS; MATRICES AB The communication overhead is a major bottleneck for the execution of a process graph on a parallel computer system. In the case of two processors, the minimization of the communication can be modeled using the graph bisection problem. The spectral lower bound of lambda(2)\V\/4 for the bisection width of a graph is widely known. The bisection width is equal to lambda(2)\V\/4 iff all vertices are incident to lambda(2)/2 cut edges in every optimal bisection. We present a new method of obtaining tighter lower bounds on the bisection width. This method makes use of the level structure defined by the bisection. We define some global expansion proper-ties and we show that the spectral lower bound increases with this global expansion. Under certain conditions we obtain a lower bound depending on lambda(2)(beta)\V\ with 1/2 less than or equal to beta < 1. We also present examples of graphs for which our new bounds are tight UP to a Constant factor. As a by-product, we derive new lower bounds for the bisection widths of 3- and 4-regular Ramanujan graphs. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Paderborn, Inst Comp Sci, D-33102 Paderborn, Germany. Univ Wisconsin, Superior, WI USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. LRI, Orsay, France. RP Univ Paderborn, Inst Comp Sci, D-33102 Paderborn, Germany. EM sb@math.uwsuper.edu; elsa@upb.de; bm@upb.de; robsy@upb.de; tillich@lri.fr NR 22 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3975 EI 1879-2294 J9 THEOR COMPUT SCI JI Theor. Comput. Sci. PD JUN 14 PY 2004 VL 320 IS 2-3 BP 155 EP 174 DI 10.1016/j.tcs.2004.03.059 PG 20 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA 827XC UT WOS:000221936000001 ER PT J AU Balasubramanian, K AF Balasubramanian, K TI Group theoretical analysis of vibrational modes and rovibronic levels of extended aromatic C48N12 azafullerene SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR-SPIN STATISTICS; FULLERENES; BUCKMINSTERFULLERENE; MOLECULES; C60 AB We have presented a group theoretical analysis of the vibrational normal modes and rovibronic levels of a novel extended aromatic C48N12 azafullerene. We have also predicted the properties of the (3)A(u), E-3(g), and E-3(u). excited states Of C48N12 that lie 1.9 eV above the (1)A(g) ground state, and that the E-3(g) and E-3(u) states would undergo Jahn-Teller distortion into chiral structures with no symmetry and an achiral structure with C-i symmetry. The correlation of the rovibronic and rotational levels and their relation to the parent I-h symmetry are presented through induced and subduced representations. (C) 2004 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Ctr Image Proc & Integrated Computing, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Glenn T Seaborg Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Balasubramanian, K (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Ctr Image Proc & Integrated Computing, L-794, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM kbala@ucdavis.edu NR 35 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 11 PY 2004 VL 391 IS 1-3 BP 64 EP 68 DI 10.1016/j.cplett.2004.04.087 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 828MN UT WOS:000221977500012 ER PT J AU Balasubramanian, K AF Balasubramanian, K TI Nuclear spin statistics of extended aromatic C48N12 azafullerene SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SPECTROSCOPY; NMR; C60 AB We have presented the nuclear spin statistics of the novel extended aromatic C48N12 azafullerene. The nuclear spin multiplets and statistical weights of N-14 spin-I bosons are provided. In addition, we have also provided the C-13 nuclear spin species and spin statistical weights of (C48N12)-C-13. The spin statistical weights and spin species show that the presence of N-14 nuclei in the aromatic fullerene can provide unique experimental opportunity to investigate the nuclear spin species. (C) 2004 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Ctr Image Proc & Integrated Computing, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Glenn T Seaborg Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Balasubramanian, K (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Ctr Image Proc & Integrated Computing, L-794, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM kbala@ucdavis.edu NR 26 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 11 PY 2004 VL 391 IS 1-3 BP 69 EP 74 DI 10.1016/j.cplett.2004.04.086 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 828MN UT WOS:000221977500013 ER PT J AU Eken, T Mayeda, K Hofstetter, A Gok, R Orgulu, G Turkelli, N AF Eken, T Mayeda, K Hofstetter, A Gok, R Orgulu, G Turkelli, N TI An application of the coda methodology for moment-rate spectra using broadband stations in Turkey SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES EARTHQUAKES; WAVES AB A recently developed coda magnitude methodology was applied to selected broadband stations in Turkey for the purpose of testing the coda method in a large, laterally complex region. As found in other, albeit smaller regions, coda envelope amplitude measurements are significantly less variable than distance-corrected direct wave measurements (i.e., L-g and surface waves) by roughly a factor 3-to-4. Despite strong lateral crustal heterogeneity in Turkey, we found that the region could be adequately modeled assuming a simple 1-D, radially symmetric path correction. After calibrating the stations ISP, ISKB, and MALT for local and regional distances, single-station moment-magnitude estimates (M-w) derived from the coda spectra were in excellent agreement with those determined from multi-station waveform modeling inversions, exhibiting a data standard deviation of 0.17. Though the calibration was validated using large events, the results of the calibration will extend M-w estimates to significantly smaller events which could not otherwise be waveform modeled. The successful application of the method is remarkable considering the significant lateral complexity in Turkey and the simple assumptions used in the coda method. C1 Bogazici Univ, Kandilli Observ, TR-81220 Istanbul, Turkey. Bogazici Univ, Earthquake Res Inst, TR-81220 Istanbul, Turkey. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Geophys Inst Israel, IL-58122 Lod, Israel. RP Bogazici Univ, Kandilli Observ, TR-81220 Istanbul, Turkey. EM gok1@llnl.gov RI Gok, Rengin/O-6639-2014 NR 14 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JUN 11 PY 2004 VL 31 IS 11 AR L11609 DI 10.1029/2004GL019627 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 829XM UT WOS:000222085000002 ER PT J AU Posewitz, MC King, PW Smolinski, SL Zhang, LP Seibert, M Ghirardi, ML AF Posewitz, MC King, PW Smolinski, SL Zhang, LP Seibert, M Ghirardi, ML TI Discovery of two novel radical S-adenosylmethionine proteins required for the assembly of an active [Fe] hydrogenase SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ALGA CHLAMYDOMONAS-REINHARDTII; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; BIOTIN SYNTHASE; IRON-HYDROGENASE; DESULFOVIBRIO-DESULFURICANS; THERMOTOGA-MARITIMA; ONLY HYDROGENASE; 4FE-4S CLUSTERS; SITE AB To identify genes necessary for the photoproduction of H-2 in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, random insertional mutants were screened for clones unable to produce H-2. One of the identified mutants, denoted hydEF-1, is incapable of assembling an active [Fe] hydrogenase. Although the hydEF-1 mutant transcribes both hydrogenase genes and accumulates full-length hydrogenase protein, H-2 production activity is not observed. The HydEF protein contains two unique domains that are homologous to two distinct prokaryotic proteins, HydE and HydF, which are found exclusively in organisms containing [Fe] hydrogenase. In the C. reinhardtii genome, the HydEF gene is adjacent to another hydrogenase-related gene, HydG. All organisms with [Fe] hydrogenase and sequenced genomes contain homologues of HydE, HydF, and HydG, which, prior to this study, were of unknown function. Within several prokaryotic genomes HydE, HydF, and HydG are found in putative operons with [Fe] hydrogenase structural genes. Both HydE and HydG belong to the emerging radical S-adenosylmethionine (commonly designated "Radical SAM") superfamily of proteins. We demonstrate here that HydEF and HydG function in the assembly of [Fe] hydrogenase. Northern blot analysis indicates that mRNA transcripts for both the HydEF gene and the HydG gene are anaerobically induced concomitantly with the two C. reinhardtii [Fe] hydrogenase genes, HydA1 and HydA2. Complementation of the bx;1C. reinhardtii hydEF-1 mutant with genomic DNA corresponding to a functional copy of the HydEF gene restores hydrogenase activity. Moreover, co-expression of the C. reinhardtii HydEF, HydG, and HydA1 genes in Escherichia coli results in the formation of an active HydA1 enzyme. This represents the first report on the nature of the accessory genes required for the maturation of an active [Fe] hydrogenase. C1 Colorado Sch Mines, Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Ghirardi, ML (reprint author), Colorado Sch Mines, Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM maria_ghirardi@nrel.gov RI King, Paul/D-9979-2011 OI King, Paul/0000-0001-5039-654X NR 47 TC 236 Z9 246 U1 3 U2 19 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD JUN 11 PY 2004 VL 279 IS 24 BP 25711 EP 25720 DI 10.1074/jbc.M403206200 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 826KL UT WOS:000221827900101 PM 15082711 ER PT J AU Fritz, JS AF Fritz, JS TI Early milestones in the development of ion-exchange chromatography: a personal account SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th International Ion Chromography Symposium CY SEP 21-24, 2003 CL San Diego, CA DE reviews; ion-exchange chromatography; ion chromatography ID FLOW LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY; LOW-CONDUCTIVITY ELUENTS; CATION-EXCHANGE; ANION-EXCHANGE; METAL-IONS; DISTRIBUTION COEFFICIENTS; SEPARATION; RESINS; ACID; LANTHANIDES AB Ion chromatography as we know it today was built on a foundation of knowledge accumulated over a period of many years. Here, we review some of the outstanding earlier achievements in ion-exchange chromatography. Be.-inning about 1947, Spedding and Powell at Iowa State published a series of papers describing practical methods for preparative separation of the rare earths by displacement ion-exchange chromatography. The same group then demonstrated the ion-exchange separation of N-14 and N-15 isotopes in ammonia. Beginning in the 1950s, Kraus and Nelson at Oak Ridge published numerous analytical methods for metal ions based on separation of their chloride, fluoride, nitrate or sulfate complexes by anion chromatography. In the period from about 1960 to 1980 many clever chromatographic methods for metal ion separations were reported by researchers throughout the world and automatic in-line detection was gradually introduced. A truly innovative method by Small, Stevens and Bauman at Dow Chemical Co. marked the birth of modern ion chromatography. Anions, as well as cations, could now be separated quickly and conveniently by a system of suppressed conductivity detection. A method for anion chromatography with non-suppressed conductivity detection was published by Gjerde et al. in 1979. This was followed by a similar method for cation chromatography in 1980. Ion chromatography as we know it today did not just happen. It was built on a solid foundation of knowledge that has accumulated over a period of many years. Revisiting the older ion-exchange chromatography serves not only to pay tribute to some remarkable accomplishments, but it can also be a learning experience. Trends and ideas in science tend to run in repeating cycles. Thus, an awareness of older work may provide inspiration for new research using improved contemporary technology. Selection of milestones is a rather personal matter. I chose to write about subjects of which I came to have a firsthand knowledge during my career. The topics selected are in roughly chronological order and cover the period from about 1945 to 1980. An effort has been made to explain the chemical principles as well as to recount the major accomplishments of the various research projects. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, US Dept Energy, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Fritz, JS (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames Lab, 332 Wilhelm Hall, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM kniss@ameslab.gov NR 31 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 6 U2 59 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD JUN 11 PY 2004 VL 1039 IS 1-2 BP 3 EP 12 DI 10.1016/j.chroma.2003.12.068 PG 10 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 825OY UT WOS:000221769000002 PM 15250395 ER PT J AU Steiner, SA Hooker, J Dederich, J Scott, B Fritz, JS AF Steiner, SA Hooker, J Dederich, J Scott, B Fritz, JS TI Capillary electrophoresis of organic cations at high salt concentrations SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th International Ion Chromography Symposium CY SEP 21-24, 2003 CL San Diego, CA DE background electrolyte composition; anilines; amines ID IONIC POLYMER LAYERS; ZONE ELECTROPHORESIS; ANIONS; SEPARATION; PROTEINS; STRENGTH; SAMPLES; ACID AB At concentrations of 100mM or higher the chemical nature of both the cation and anion in the background electrolyte (BGE) can be varied to manipulate the migration times of protonated aniline cations. Significant differences were noted with Li+, Na+ and K+ for capillary electrophoretic runs carried out at pH 3. However, much greater differences in migration times were observed at acidic pH values when the BGE contained protonated cations of aliphatic amines. Analyte migration became progressively slower in the series: methylamine, diethylamine, diethylamino ethanol and triethylamine. A major part of this effect was attributed to an opposing electroosmotic flow (EOF) resulting from a positively-charged coating of the capillary surface with the amine cations in the BGE via a dynamic equilibrium. The amine cations also interact in solution with the analyte ions to reduce their electrophoretic mobilities. Migration times of anilines could be varied systematically over a broad range according to the BGE amine cation selected. Excellent separations of seven closely-related anilines were obtained with the new system. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Iowa State Univ, US Dept Energy, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem & Engn Phys, Platteville, WI 53818 USA. RP Fritz, JS (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, US Dept Energy, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM kniss@ameslab.gov NR 23 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD JUN 11 PY 2004 VL 1039 IS 1-2 BP 227 EP 233 DI 10.1016/j.chroma.2004.03.024 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 825OY UT WOS:000221769000034 PM 15250427 ER PT J AU Morosan, E Bud'ko, SL Canfield, PC Torikachvili, MS Lacerda, AH AF Morosan, E Bud'ko, SL Canfield, PC Torikachvili, MS Lacerda, AH TI Thermodynamic and transport properties of RAgGe (R = Tb-Lu) single crystals SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE RAgsb; crystal electric field; local moment magnetism; metamagnetism; heavy fermion ID METAMAGNETIC TRANSITIONS; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; ANGULAR-DEPENDENCE; LA-ND; FIELD; SUSCEPTIBILITY; TEMPERATURE; ANISOTROPY; HONI2B2C; GROWTH AB Single crystals of the title compounds were grown out of an AgGe-rich ternary solution. Powder X-ray diffraction data confirmed the hexagonal AlNiZr-type structure (P (6) over bar2 m space group), an ordered variant of the Fe,P structure type. Antiferromagnetic ordering can be inferred from magnetization, resistance and specific heat measurements, with values of T-N between 28.5 K for TbAgGe and 1.0 K for YbAgGe, which scale roughly with the de Gennes factor. Anisotropic M(H) measurements indicate one or more metamagnetic transitions when the external field is applied along the c-axis (for R = Tb) or perpendicular to it (R = Ho, Er, Tin), or even in both orientations as in the case of DyAgGe. Furthermore, the extreme anisotropy of the magnetization in TmAgGe, where magnetic moments lie in the ab-plane, provides the possibility of studying the angular dependence of metamagnetism in hexagonal compounds with the rare earth in orthorhombic point symmetry. YbAgGe has distinct properties from the rest of the series: an enhanced electronic specific heat coefficient gamma approximate to (154.2 +/- 2.5)mJ/mol K-2 and apparently small moment magnetic ordering below 1.0 K. This compound appears to be close to a quantum critical point. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. San Diego State Univ, Dept Phys, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos Facil, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Bud'ko, SL (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM budko@ameslab.gov RI Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014 NR 30 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-8853 J9 J MAGN MAGN MATER JI J. Magn. Magn. Mater. PD JUN 11 PY 2004 VL 277 IS 3 BP 298 EP 321 DI 10.1016/j.jmmm.2003.11.014 PG 24 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 835PW UT WOS:000222498200009 ER PT J AU Camarero, JA Hackel, BJ de Yoreo, JJ Mitchell, AR AF Camarero, JA Hackel, BJ de Yoreo, JJ Mitchell, AR TI Fmoc-based synthesis of peptide alpha-thioesters using an aryl hydrazine support SO JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SOLID-PHASE SYNTHESIS; NATIVE CHEMICAL LIGATION; PROTEIN INHIBITOR COMPLEXES; C-TERMINAL THIOESTERS; TGF-BETA RECEPTOR; CYCLIC-PEPTIDES; UNPROTECTED PEPTIDES; ACID-LABILE; AMINO-ACIDS; BACKBONE AB C-Terminal peptide thioesters are key intermediates in the synthesis/semisynthesis of proteins and of cyclic peptides by native chemical ligation. They are prepared by solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) or biosynthetically by protein splicing techniques. Until recently, the chemical synthesis of C-terminal a-thioester peptides by SPPS was largely restricted to the use of Boc/Benzyl chemistry due to the poor stability of the thioester bond to the basic conditions required for the deprotection of the N-alpha-Fmoc group. In the present work, we describe a new method for the SPPS of C-terminal thioesters using Fmoc/t-Bu chemistry. This method is based on the use of an aryl hydrazine linker, which is totally stable to conditions required for Fmoc-SPPS. When the peptide synthesis has been completed, activation of the linker is achieved by mild oxidation. This step converts the acyl hydrazine group into a highly reactive acyl diazene intermediate which reacts with an a-amino acid alkyl thioester (H-AA-SR) to yield the corresponding peptide a-thioester in good yield. This method has been successfully used to prepare a variety of peptide thioesters, cyclic peptides, and a fully functional Src homology 3 (SH3) protein domain. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem Biol & Nucl Sci Div, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Camarero, JA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem Biol & Nucl Sci Div, 7000 E Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM camarero1@llnl.gov RI Fitzmaurice, Richard/C-1508-2008; Camarero, Julio/A-9628-2015 NR 68 TC 82 Z9 83 U1 4 U2 13 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0022-3263 J9 J ORG CHEM JI J. Org. Chem. PD JUN 11 PY 2004 VL 69 IS 12 BP 4145 EP 4151 DI 10.1021/jo040140h PG 7 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 826ZK UT WOS:000221867800018 PM 15176841 ER PT J AU Ben-Naim, E Krapivsky, PL AF Ben-Naim, E Krapivsky, PL TI Random geometric series SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A-MATHEMATICAL AND GENERAL LA English DT Article ID SEQUENCES AB Integer sequences where each element is determined by a previous randomly chosen element are investigated analytically. In particular, the random geometric series x(n) = 2x(p) with 0 less than or equal to p less than or equal to n - 1 is studied. At large n, the moments grow algebraically, similar to n(beta(s)) with beta(s) = 2(s) - 1, while the typical behaviour is x(n) similar to n(ln2). The probability distribution is obtained explicitly in terms of the Stirling numbers of the first kind and it approaches a log-normal distribution asymptotically. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Boston Univ, Ctr Polymer Studies, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Boston Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA. RP Ben-Naim, E (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Ben-Naim, Eli/C-7542-2009; Krapivsky, Pavel/A-4612-2014 OI Ben-Naim, Eli/0000-0002-2444-7304; NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0305-4470 J9 J PHYS A-MATH GEN JI J. Phys. A-Math. Gen. PD JUN 11 PY 2004 VL 37 IS 23 BP 5949 EP 5957 AR PII S0305-4470(04)77258-3 DI 10.1088/0305-4470/37/23/001 PG 9 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 836GH UT WOS:000222543300001 ER PT J AU Ino, T Ooi, M Kiyanagi, Y Kasugai, Y Maekawa, F Takada, H Muhrer, G Pitcher, EJ Russell, GJ AF Ino, T Ooi, M Kiyanagi, Y Kasugai, Y Maekawa, F Takada, H Muhrer, G Pitcher, EJ Russell, GJ TI Measurement of neutron beam characteristics at the Manuel Lujan Jr. neutron scattering center SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE spallation neutron source; thermal neutron; intensity; spectrum; pulse shape ID MODERATOR AB We have measured neutronic performance of the moderators at the Manuel Lujan Jr. Neutron Scattering Center, Los Alamos National Laboratory in order to provide the neutron beam characteristics for the neutron scattering experiments at the Lujan Center as well as to study the validity of neutronic calculation codes. The absolute neutron intensities, the energy spectra, and the neutron pulse shapes (neutron emission time distributions) were measured for the H2O coupled moderator, the high-intensity H2O decoupled moderator, the high-resolution H2O decoupled moderator, and the partially coupled liquid-hydrogen moderator. The overall characteristics of the moderators were found to agree with the designed performance. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 KEK, Neutron Sci Lab, Inst Mat Struct Sci, High Energy Accelerator Res Org, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. Hokkaido Univ, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0608628, Japan. Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Tokai, Ibaraki 3191195, Japan. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Ino, T (reprint author), KEK, Neutron Sci Lab, Inst Mat Struct Sci, High Energy Accelerator Res Org, Oho 1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. EM takashi.ino@kek.jp RI Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012; Kiyanagi, Yoshiaki/D-7132-2012 NR 14 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 11 PY 2004 VL 525 IS 3 BP 496 EP 510 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2004.02.003 PG 15 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 831XF UT WOS:000222229300007 ER PT J AU Abbamonte, P Finkelstein, KD Collins, MD Gruner, SM AF Abbamonte, P Finkelstein, KD Collins, MD Gruner, SM TI Imaging density disturbances in water with a 41.3-attosecond time resolution SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PROBING MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; X-RAY-SCATTERING; ATTOSECOND; PULSES; FIELDS; LIGHT; MODEL AB We show that the momentum flexibility of inelastic x-ray scattering may be exploited to invert its loss function, allowing real time imaging of density disturbances in a medium. We show the disturbance arising from a point source in liquid water, with a resolution of 41.3 attoseconds (4.13x10(-17) s) and 1.27 Angstrom (1.27x10(-8) cm). This result is used to determine the structure of the electron cloud around a photoexcited chromophore in solution, as well as the wake generated in water by a 9 MeV gold ion. We draw an analogy with pump-probe techniques and suggest that energy-loss scattering may be applied more generally to the study of attosecond phenomena. C1 Cornell Univ, Dept Phys, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. Cornell Univ, Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Bldg 725D, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Gruner, Sol/G-2924-2010 OI Gruner, Sol/0000-0002-1171-4426 NR 29 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 5 U2 15 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 11 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 23 AR 237401 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.237401 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 828GN UT WOS:000221961900053 PM 15245195 ER PT J AU Aranson, IS Sapozhnikov, MV AF Aranson, IS Sapozhnikov, MV TI Theory of pattern formation of metallic microparticles in poorly conducting liquids SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FLOW AB We develop a continuum theory of self-assembly and pattern formation in metallic microparticles immersed in a poorly conducting liquid in a dc electric field. The theory is formulated in terms of conservation laws for the densities of immobile particles (precipitate) and bouncing particles (gas) coupled to the Navier-Stokes equation for the liquid. This theory successfully reproduced the correct topology of the phase diagram and primary patterns observed in the experiment [Sapozhnikov et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 90, 114301 (2003)]: static crystals, honeycombs, dynamic pulsating rings, and rotating multipetal vortices. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Russian Acad Sci, Inst Phys Microstruct, Nizhnii Novgorod 603000, Russia. RP Aranson, IS (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Aranson, Igor/I-4060-2013 NR 13 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 11 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 23 AR 234301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.234301 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 828GN UT WOS:000221961900018 PM 15245160 ER PT J AU Cubaynes, D Meyer, M Grum-Grzhimailo, AN Bizau, JM Kennedy, ET Bozek, J Martins, M Canton, S Rude, B Berrah, N Wuilleumier, FJ AF Cubaynes, D Meyer, M Grum-Grzhimailo, AN Bizau, JM Kennedy, ET Bozek, J Martins, M Canton, S Rude, B Berrah, N Wuilleumier, FJ TI Dynamically and quasiforbidden transitions in photoionization of open-shell atoms: A combined experimental and theoretical study SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PARTIAL CROSS-SECTIONS; PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; IONIZATION; INTENSITIES; ELECTRONS; CHLORINE; STATES; 3S AB Completely fine-structure-resolved photoelectron spectra produced from sodium atoms selectively excited into the Na-* 2p(6)3p P-2(1/2) and P-2(3/2) states were obtained using a third generation synchrotron source in conjunction with laser pumping and high-resolution spectrometry. The spectra show dramatically different behaviors. The strong variations observed in the regions of the Na+ 2p(5)3p L-1,3(J) photolines and the Na+ 2p(5)4p L-1,3(J) shakeup satellites are explained within a generalized geometrical model, accounting for the intermediate angular momentum coupling in the ionic states. C1 Univ Paris 11, CNRS, UMR 8624, LIXAM, F-91405 Orsay, France. Ctr Univ Paris Sud, LURE, F-91898 Orsay, France. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Inst Nucl Phys, Moscow 119992, Russia. Dublin City Univ, Sch Phys Sci, NCPST, Dublin 9, Ireland. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Hamburg, Inst Expt Phys, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany. Western Michigan Univ, Dept Phys, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA. RP Cubaynes, D (reprint author), Univ Paris 11, CNRS, UMR 8624, LIXAM, Batiment 350, F-91405 Orsay, France. RI Bozek, John/E-4689-2010; Grum-Grzhimailo, Alexei/D-6274-2012; Bozek, John/E-9260-2010; Canton, Sophie/A-8432-2016; OI Bozek, John/0000-0001-7486-7238; Martins, Michael/0000-0002-1228-5029 NR 20 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 11 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 23 AR 233002 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.233002 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 828GN UT WOS:000221961900013 PM 15245155 ER PT J AU Evans, TE Moyer, RA Thomas, PR Watkins, JG Osborne, TH Boedo, JA Doyle, EJ Fenstermacher, ME Finken, KH Groebner, RJ Groth, M Harris, JH La Haye, RJ Lasnier, CJ Masuzaki, S Ohyabu, N Pretty, DG Rhodes, TL Reimerdes, H Rudakov, DL Schaffer, MJ Wang, G Zeng, L AF Evans, TE Moyer, RA Thomas, PR Watkins, JG Osborne, TH Boedo, JA Doyle, EJ Fenstermacher, ME Finken, KH Groebner, RJ Groth, M Harris, JH La Haye, RJ Lasnier, CJ Masuzaki, S Ohyabu, N Pretty, DG Rhodes, TL Reimerdes, H Rudakov, DL Schaffer, MJ Wang, G Zeng, L TI Suppression of large edge-localized modes in high-confinement DIII-D plasmas with a stochastic magnetic boundary SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ASDEX UPGRADE; TOKAMAKS; DENSITY; FIELDS AB A stochastic magnetic boundary, produced by an applied edge resonant magnetic perturbation, is used to suppress most large edge-localized modes (ELMs) in high confinement (H-mode) plasmas. The resulting H mode displays rapid, small oscillations with a bursty character modulated by a coherent 130 Hz envelope. The H mode transport barrier and core confinement are unaffected by the stochastic boundary, despite a threefold drop in the toroidal rotation. These results demonstrate that stochastic boundaries are compatible with H modes and may be attractive for ELM control in next-step fusion tokamaks. C1 Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. CEA Cadarache Euratom Assoc, Cadarache, France. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. FZ Julich Euratom Assoc, Julich, Germany. Australian Natl Univ, Canberra, ACT, Australia. Natl Inst Fus Sci, Toki, Gifu, Japan. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. Columbia Univ, New York, NY USA. RP Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. RI Groth, Mathias/G-2227-2013 NR 14 TC 448 Z9 450 U1 7 U2 37 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 11 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 23 AR 235003 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.235003 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 828GN UT WOS:000221961900022 PM 15245164 ER PT J AU Jarzynski, C Wojcik, DK AF Jarzynski, C Wojcik, DK TI Classical and quantum fluctuation theorems for heat exchange SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FREE-ENERGY DIFFERENCES; NONEQUILIBRIUM MEASUREMENTS; STOCHASTIC DYNAMICS; STEADY-STATES; EQUALITY AB The statistics of heat exchange between two classical or quantum finite systems initially prepared at different temperatures are shown to obey a fluctuation theorem. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Ctr Nonlinear Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. M Nencki Inst Expt Biol, Dept Neurophysiol, PL-02093 Warsaw, Poland. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, T-13,MS B213, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM chrisj@lanl.gov; danek@cns.physics.gatech.edu RI Wojcik, Daniel/C-6334-2008; Jarzynski, Christopher/B-4490-2009 OI Wojcik, Daniel/0000-0003-0812-9872; Jarzynski, Christopher/0000-0002-3464-2920 NR 19 TC 118 Z9 118 U1 1 U2 20 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 11 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 23 AR 230602 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.230602 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 828GN UT WOS:000221961900005 PM 15245147 ER PT J AU Levitas, VI Henson, BF Smilowitz, LB Asay, BW AF Levitas, VI Henson, BF Smilowitz, LB Asay, BW TI Solid-solid phase transformation via virtual melting significantly below the melting temperature SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID STABLE INTERMEDIATE STATE; INELASTIC MATERIAL; STRUCTURAL-CHANGES; TRANSITION; HMX; OCTAHYDRO-1,3,5,7-TETRANITRO-1,3,5,7-TETRAZOCINE; KINETICS AB A new phenomenon is theoretically predicted, namely, that solid-solid transformation with a relatively large transformation strain can occur through virtual melting along the interface at temperatures significantly (more than 100 K) below the melting temperature. The energy of elastic stresses, induced by transformation strain, increases the driving force for melting and reduces the melting temperature. Immediately after melting, the stresses relax and the unstable melt solidifies. Fast solidification in a thin layer leads to nanoscale cracking, which does not affect the thermodynamics and kinetics of solid-solid transformation. Seven theoretical predictions are in quantitative agreement with experiments conducted on the beta-->delta transformation in the HMX energetic crystal. C1 Texas Tech Univ, Ctr Mechanochem & Synth New Mat, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Levitas, VI (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Ctr Mechanochem & Synth New Mat, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. NR 16 TC 55 Z9 55 U1 2 U2 14 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 11 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 23 AR 235702 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.235702 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 828GN UT WOS:000221961900028 PM 15245170 ER PT J AU Park, T Chia, EEM Salamon, MB Bauer, ED Vekhter, I Thompson, JD Choi, EM Kim, HJ Lee, SI Canfield, PC AF Park, T Chia, EEM Salamon, MB Bauer, ED Vekhter, I Thompson, JD Choi, EM Kim, HJ Lee, SI Canfield, PC TI Evidence for the coexistence of an anisotropic superconducting gap and nonlocal effects in the nonmagnetic superconductor LuNi2B2C SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FLUX-LINE-LATTICE; SINGLE-CRYSTAL; WAVE SUPERCONDUCTORS; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; YNI2B2C; VORTEX; TEMPERATURE; TRANSITION; RESISTIVITY; DEPENDENCE AB A study of the dependence of the heat capacity C-p(alpha) on the field angle in LuNi2B2C reveals an anomalous disorder effect. For pure samples, C-p(alpha) exhibits a fourfold variation as the field H (alpha=0). A slightly disordered sample, however, develops anomalous secondary minima along <110> for mu(0)H>1 T, leading to an eightfold pattern at 2 K and 1.5 T. The anomalous pattern is discussed in terms of coexisting superconducting gap anisotropy and nonlocal effects. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Univ Illinois, Mat Res Lab, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Pohang Univ Sci & Technol, Natl Creat Res Initiat Ctr Supercond, Pohang 790784, South Korea. Pohang Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, Pohang 790784, South Korea. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Park, T (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Bauer, Eric/D-7212-2011; Park, Tuson/A-1520-2012; Chia, Elbert/B-6996-2011; Vekhter, Ilya/M-1780-2013; Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014 OI Chia, Elbert/0000-0003-2066-0834; NR 26 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 11 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 23 AR 237002 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.237002 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 828GN UT WOS:000221961900046 PM 15245188 ER PT J AU Pierce, JP Torija, MA Gai, Z Shi, JR Schulthess, TC Farnan, GA Wendelken, JF Plummer, EW Shen, J AF Pierce, JP Torija, MA Gai, Z Shi, JR Schulthess, TC Farnan, GA Wendelken, JF Plummer, EW Shen, J TI Ferromagnetic stability in Fe nanodot assemblies on Cu(111) induced by indirect coupling through the substrate SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; ULTRATHIN FILMS; NANOCRYSTALS; SYSTEM; CO AB We report collective ferromagnetic behavior with high Curie temperatures (T-c) in Fe dot assemblies supported by the Cu(111) surface. Our ability to tune the average size and spacing of the individual dots allows us to conclude that enhanced magnetic anisotropy cannot account for this high-T-c ferromagnetic order. Because our Monte Carlo simulations have ruled out the dipolar interaction as the dominant factor in this system, we attribute the origin of the ferromagnetic order to indirect exchange coupling via the Cu(111) substrate. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Peking Univ, Dept Phys, Beijing 100080, Peoples R China. Peking Univ, State Key Lab Mesoscop Phys, Beijing 100080, Peoples R China. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Engn Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Shen, J (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM shenj@ornl.gov RI Shi, Junren/D-5156-2009; Gai, Zheng/B-5327-2012 OI Gai, Zheng/0000-0002-6099-4559 NR 17 TC 48 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 11 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 23 AR 237201 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.237201 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 828GN UT WOS:000221961900049 PM 15245191 ER PT J AU Thomas, KJ Hill, JP Grenier, S Kim, YJ Abbamonte, P Venema, L Rusydi, A Tomioka, Y Tokura, Y McMorrow, DF Sawatzky, G van Veenendaal, M AF Thomas, KJ Hill, JP Grenier, S Kim, YJ Abbamonte, P Venema, L Rusydi, A Tomioka, Y Tokura, Y McMorrow, DF Sawatzky, G van Veenendaal, M TI Soft x-ray resonant diffraction study of magnetic and orbital correlations in a manganite near half doping SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SCATTERING; CHARGE AB We have utilized resonant x-ray diffraction at the Mn L-II,L-III edges in order to directly compare magnetic and orbital correlations in Pr0.6Ca0.4MnO3. Comparing the widths of the magnetic and orbital diffraction peaks, we find that the magnetic correlation length exceeds that of the orbital order by nearly a factor of 2. Furthermore, we observe a large (similar to3 eV) spectral weight shift between the magnetic and orbital resonant line shapes, which cannot be explained within the classic Goodenough picture of a charge-ordered ground state. To explain the shift, we calculate the orbital and magnetic resonant diffraction line shapes based on a relaxed charge-ordered model. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Groningen, Ctr Mat Sci, NL-9747 AG Groningen, Netherlands. Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, CERC, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058562, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Dept Appl Phys, Tokyo 1138656, Japan. Japan Sci & Technol Corp, ERATO, Spin Superstruct Project, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058562, Japan. UCL, London Ctr Nanotechnol, London WC1E 6BT, England. UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London WC1E 6BT, England. Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. No Illinois Univ, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI McMorrow, Desmond/C-2655-2008; Hill, John/F-6549-2011; Kim, Young-June /G-7196-2011; Tokura, Yoshinori/C-7352-2009; Grenier, Stephane/N-1986-2014; Rusydi, Andrivo/I-1849-2016 OI McMorrow, Desmond/0000-0002-4947-7788; Kim, Young-June /0000-0002-1172-8895; Grenier, Stephane/0000-0001-8370-7375; NR 18 TC 80 Z9 80 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 11 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 23 AR 237204 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.237204 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 828GN UT WOS:000221961900052 PM 15245194 ER PT J AU Wade, MR Murakami, M Politzer, PA AF Wade, MR Murakami, M Politzer, PA TI Validation of neoclassical bootstrap current models in the edge of an H-mode plasma SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ARBITRARY COLLISIONALITY; ASPECT-RATIO; DIII-D; TOKAMAKS; TRANSPORT; CONFINEMENT; TRANSITION; REGIME AB Analysis of the parallel electric field E-parallel to evolution following an L-H transition in the DIII-D tokamak indicates the generation of a large negative pulse near the edge which propagates inward, indicative of the generation of a noninductive edge current. Modeling indicates that the observed E-parallel to evolution is consistent with a narrow current density peak generated in the plasma edge. Very good quantitative agreement is found between the measured E-parallel to evolution and that expected from neoclassical theory predictions of the bootstrap current. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. RP Wade, MR (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM wade@fusion.gat.com NR 16 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 11 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 23 AR 235005 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.235005 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 828GN UT WOS:000221961900024 PM 15245166 ER PT J AU Fong, DD Stephenson, GB Streiffer, SK Eastman, JA Auciello, O Fuoss, PH Thompson, C AF Fong, DD Stephenson, GB Streiffer, SK Eastman, JA Auciello, O Fuoss, PH Thompson, C TI Ferroelectricity in ultrathin perovskite films SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; X-RAY-SCATTERING; THIN-FILMS; PBTIO3; POLARIZATION; SURFACE; THICKNESS; PARTICLES; LIMIT AB Understanding the suppression of ferroelectricity in perovskite thin films is a fundamental issue that has remained unresolved for decades. We report a synchrotron x-ray study of lead titanate as a function of temperature and film thickness for films as thin as a single unit cell. At room temperature, the ferroelectric phase is stable for thicknesses down to 3 unit cells (1.2 nanometers). Our results imply that no thickness limit is imposed on practical devices by an intrinsic ferroelectric size effect. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. RP Stephenson, GB (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM stephenson@anl.gov RI Streiffer, Stephen/A-1756-2009; Eastman, Jeffrey/E-4380-2011; OI Eastman, Jeff/0000-0002-0847-4265; Thompson, Carol/0000-0003-3832-4855 NR 30 TC 658 Z9 668 U1 33 U2 259 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JUN 11 PY 2004 VL 304 IS 5677 BP 1650 EP 1653 DI 10.1126/science.1098252 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 827WL UT WOS:000221934300044 PM 15192223 ER PT J AU Hull, P Shepherd, I Hunt, A AF Hull, P Shepherd, I Hunt, A TI Modeling light scattering from Diesel soot particles SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID AEROSOLS AB The Mie model is widely used to analyze light scattering from particulate aerosols. The Diesel particle scatterometer, for example, determines the size and optical properties of Diesel exhaust particles that are characterized by the measurement of three angle-dependent elements of the Mueller scattering matrix. These elements are then fitted by Mie calculations with a Levenburg-Marquardt optimization program. This approach has achieved good fits for most experimental data. However, in many cases, the predicted complex index of refraction was smaller than that for solid carbon. To understand this result and explain the experimental data, we present an assessment of the Mie model by use of a light-scattering model based on the coupled-dipole approximation. The results indicate that the Mie calculation can be used to determine the largest dimension of irregularly shaped particles at sizes characteristic of Diesel soot and, for particles of known refractive index, tables can be constructed to determine the average porosity of the particles from the predicted index of refraction. (C) 2004 Optical Society of America. C1 Tennessee State Univ, Nashville, TN 37023 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Hull, P (reprint author), Tennessee State Univ, Nashville, TN 37023 USA. EM ajhunt@lbl.gov NR 17 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 5 U2 15 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD JUN 10 PY 2004 VL 43 IS 17 BP 3433 EP 3441 DI 10.1364/AO.43.003433 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA 827SJ UT WOS:000221920600009 PM 15219024 ER PT J AU Zehavi, I Weinberg, DH Zheng, Z Berlind, AA Frieman, JA Scoccimarro, R Sheth, RK Blanton, MR Tegmark, M Mo, HJJ Bahcall, NA Brinkmann, J Burles, S Csabai, I Fukugita, M Gunn, JE Lamb, DQ Loveday, J Lupton, RH Meiksin, A Munn, JA Nichol, RC Schlegel, D Schneider, DP SubbaRao, M Szalay, AS Uomoto, A York, DG AF Zehavi, I Weinberg, DH Zheng, Z Berlind, AA Frieman, JA Scoccimarro, R Sheth, RK Blanton, MR Tegmark, M Mo, HJJ Bahcall, NA Brinkmann, J Burles, S Csabai, I Fukugita, M Gunn, JE Lamb, DQ Loveday, J Lupton, RH Meiksin, A Munn, JA Nichol, RC Schlegel, D Schneider, DP SubbaRao, M Szalay, AS Uomoto, A York, DG CA SDSS Collaboration TI On departures from a power law in the galaxy correlation function SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmology : observations; cosmology : theory; galaxies : distances and redshifts; galaxies : fundamental parameters; galaxies : statistics; large-scale structure of universe ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; DARK-MATTER HALOES; SPECTROSCOPIC TARGET SELECTION; SPATIAL CORRELATION-FUNCTION; REDSHIFT SURVEY; LUMINOSITY FUNCTION; HYDRODYNAMIC SIMULATIONS; OCCUPATION DISTRIBUTION; VELOCITY DISPERSION; ANALYTIC MODEL AB We measure the projected correlation function w(p)(r(p)) from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey for a flux-limited sample of 118,000 galaxies and a volume-limited subset of 22,000 galaxies with absolute magnitude M(r) < - 21. Both correlation functions show subtle but systematic departures from the best-fit power law, in particular a change in slope at r(p) similar to 1-2 h(-1) Mpc. These departures are stronger for the volume-limited sample, which is restricted to relatively luminous galaxies. We show that the inflection point in w(p)(r(p)) can be naturally explained by contemporary models of galaxy clustering, according to which it marks the transition from a large-scale regime dominated by galaxy pairs in separate dark matter halos to a small-scale regime dominated by galaxy pairs in the same dark matter halo. For example, given the dark halo population predicted by an inflationary cold dark matter scenario, the projected correlation function of the volume-limited sample can be well reproduced by a model in which the mean number of M(r) < - 21 galaxies in a halo of mass M > M(1) = 4.74 x 10(13) h(-1) M(.) is [N](M)=(M/M(1))(0.89), with 75% of the galaxies residing in less massive, single-galaxy halos and simple auxiliary assumptions about the spatial distribution of galaxies within halos and the fluctuations about the mean occupation. This physically motivated model has the same number of free parameters as a power law, and it fits the w(p)(r(p)) data better, with a chi(2)/dof = 0.93, compared to 6.12 (for 10 degrees of freedom, incorporating the covariance of the correlation function errors). Departures from a power-law correlation function encode information about the relation between galaxies and dark matter halos. Higher precision measurements of these departures for multiple classes of galaxies will constrain galaxy bias and provide new tests of the theory of galaxy formation. C1 Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. NYU, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10003 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Univ Penn, Dept Phys, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Max Planck Inst Astrophys, D-85741 Garching, Germany. Princeton Univ Observ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Apache Point Observ, Sunspot, NM 88349 USA. MIT, Ctr Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Eotvos Lorand Univ, Dept Phys, H-1518 Budapest, Hungary. Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778582, Japan. Univ Sussex, Sussex Astron Ctr, Brighton BN1 9QJ, E Sussex, England. Univ Edinburgh, Inst Astron, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Midlothian, Scotland. USN Observ, Flagstaff Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86002 USA. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Davey Lab 525, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Zehavi, I (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 5640 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RI Csabai, Istvan/F-2455-2012; Mo, Houjun/P-7811-2015; OI Meiksin, Avery/0000-0002-5451-9057; Csabai, Istvan/0000-0001-9232-9898 NR 80 TC 213 Z9 213 U1 1 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 10 PY 2004 VL 608 IS 1 BP 16 EP 24 DI 10.1086/386535 PN 1 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 827EG UT WOS:000221881200003 ER PT J AU Zhang, WQ Woosley, SE Heger, A AF Zhang, WQ Woosley, SE Heger, A TI The propagation and eruption of relativistic jets from the stellar progenitors of gamma-ray bursts SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE gamma rays : bursts; hydrodynamics; methods : numerical; relativity ID SUPERNOVA SN 1998BW; MASS-LOSS RATES; CENTRAL ENGINE; HOST GALAXIES; LIGHT CURVES; BLACK-HOLES; COLLAPSARS; STARS; FLASHES; EXPLOSIONS AB New two- and three-dimensional calculations are presented of relativistic jet propagation and break out in massive Wolf-Rayet stars. Such jets are thought to be responsible for gamma-ray bursts. As it erupts, the highly relativistic jet core (3degrees to 5degrees; Gamma greater than or similar to 100) is surrounded by a cocoon of less energetic, but still moderately relativistic ejecta (Gamma similar to 15) that expands and becomes visible at larger polar angles (similar to10degrees). These less energetic ejecta may be the origin of X-ray flashes and other high-energy transients, which will be visible to a larger fraction of the sky, albeit to a shorter distance than common gamma-ray bursts. Jet stability is also examined in three-dimensional calculations. If the jet changes angle by more than 3degrees in several seconds, it will dissipate, producing a broad beam with inadequate Lorentz factor to make a common gamma-ray burst. This may be an alternate way to make X-ray flashes. C1 Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Astrophys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Zhang, WQ (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. EM zhang@ucolick.org; woosley@ucolick.org; 1@2sn.org NR 54 TC 156 Z9 158 U1 1 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 10 PY 2004 VL 608 IS 1 BP 365 EP 377 DI 10.1086/386300 PN 1 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 827EG UT WOS:000221881200031 ER PT J AU Rotthaus, O Le Roy, S Tomas, A Barkigia, KM Artaud, I AF Rotthaus, O Le Roy, S Tomas, A Barkigia, KM Artaud, I TI Synthesis, structure and catalytic activity of low-spin dicyano iron(III) complexes of N, N '-bis(quinolyl)malonamide derivatives SO INORGANICA CHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE N, N'-bis(8-quinolyl)malonamide; iron(III) complex; oxidation; stilbene ID NONHEME IRON CATALYSTS; CARBOXAMIDO NITROGEN; ALKANE HYDROXYLATION; CHEMISTRY; LIGAND; COORDINATION; EPOXIDATION; OXIDATION; MODELS; FE AB Two low-spin Fe(III) dicyano-dicarboxamido, complexes have been prepared from N,N'-bis(8-quinolyl)malonamide derivatives. Crystal structures show that the four nitrogen donors available to complex the metal are arranged in the equatorial plane with the two cyanides trans to each other in the axial positions when the malonyl moiety is disubstituted. In contrast, the unsubstituted malonyl results in only three nitrogens in the equatorial plane with the fourth in an apical position and the two cyanides occupying cis sites, one equatorial and the other axial. NMR analyses show that the solid state structure of both complexes is retained in solution. Both types of configurational complexes catalyze cyclic olefin oxidations with H2O2 but only the cis-dicyano complex catalyzes stilbene oxidation with formation of epoxides, diols and benzaldehyde. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Paris 05, Chim & Biochim Pharmacol & Toxicol Lab, UMR8601, F-75270 Paris 06, France. Fac Pharm, Lab Cristallog & RMN Biol, UMR 8015, F-75270 Paris, France. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Mat Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Artaud, I (reprint author), Univ Paris 05, Chim & Biochim Pharmacol & Toxicol Lab, UMR8601, 45 Rue Sts Peres, F-75270 Paris 06, France. EM isabelle.artaud@univ-paris5.fr NR 31 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0020-1693 J9 INORG CHIM ACTA JI Inorg. Chim. Acta PD JUN 10 PY 2004 VL 357 IS 8 BP 2211 EP 2217 DI 10.1016/j.ica.2004.01.019 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 829MT UT WOS:000222053400003 ER PT J AU Halpern, MB Helfgott, C AF Halpern, MB Helfgott, C TI Twisted open strings from closed strings: the WZW orientation orbifolds SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS A LA English DT Article DE conformal field theory; orbifolds; string theory ID CONFORMAL FIELD-THEORY; GENERAL VIRASORO CONSTRUCTION; PION-QUARK MODEL; PERMUTATION ORBIFOLDS; BOUNDARY OPERATORS; 2 FACES; ALGEBRA; DIMENSIONS; EXAMPLES; GEOMETRY AB Including world-sheet orientation-reversing automorphisms (h) over cap (sigma) is an element of H_ in the orbifold program, we construct the operator algebras and twisted KZ systems of the general WZW orientation orbifold A(g)(H_)/H_. We find that the orientation-orbifold sectors corresponding to each (h) over cap (sigma) is an element of H_ are twisted open WZW strings, whose properties are quite distinct from conventional open-string orientifold sectors. As simple illustrations, we also discuss the classical (high-level) limit of our construction and free-boson examples on Abelian g. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Theoret Phys Grp, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Halpern, MB (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM halpern@physics.berkeley.edu; helfgott@socrates.berkeley.edu NR 60 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0217-751X J9 INT J MOD PHYS A JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. A PD JUN 10 PY 2004 VL 19 IS 14 BP 2233 EP 2292 DI 10.1142/S0217751X04018531 PG 60 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 838QR UT WOS:000222728600003 ER PT J AU Kirchner, B Hutter, J Kuo, IFW Mundy, CJ AF Kirchner, B Hutter, J Kuo, IFW Mundy, CJ TI Hydrophobic hydration from Car-Parrinello simulations SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS B LA English DT Article DE hydrophobic hydration; diffusion of hydrophobic particles; simulations; Cax-Parrinello molecular dynamics; water ID INITIO MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; AB-INITIO; LIQUID WATER; DIMETHYL-SULFOXIDE; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; DENSITY; EXCHANGE; MODEL; PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; POLARIZATION AB In this work we investigate the fast anomalous diffusion of hydrogen molecules in water using Car-Parrinello molecular dynamics simulations. We employ Voronoi polyhedra analysis to distinguish between void diffusion and void hopping. Our results indicate that a combination of both mechanism is sufficient to explain anomalous diffusion. Furthermore, we investigate the geometrical and electronical structure of the first solvation shell. C1 Univ Bonn, Inst Theoret & Phys Chem, Lehrstuhl Theoret Chem, D-53115 Bonn, Germany. Univ Zurich, Inst Phys Chem, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Univ Bonn, Inst Theoret & Phys Chem, Lehrstuhl Theoret Chem, Wegelerstr 12, D-53115 Bonn, Germany. EM kirchner@thch.uni-bonn.de RI Hutter, Juerg/E-9244-2011 NR 58 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 3 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0217-9792 EI 1793-6578 J9 INT J MOD PHYS B JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. B PD JUN 10 PY 2004 VL 18 IS 14 BP 1951 EP 1962 DI 10.1142/S0217979204007241 PG 12 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 845EX UT WOS:000223220900001 ER PT J AU Le Maitre, OP Knio, OM Najm, HN Ghanem, RG AF Le Maitre, OP Knio, OM Najm, HN Ghanem, RG TI Uncertainty propagation using Wiener-Haar expansions SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE wavelets; polynomial chaos; Stochastic process; uncertainty quantification ID GENERALIZED POLYNOMIAL CHAOS; STOCHASTIC PROJECTION METHOD; DIFFERENTIAL-EQUATIONS; MODELING UNCERTAINTY; HERMITE EXPANSION; FLOW SIMULATIONS; FLUID-FLOW; MEDIA AB An uncertainty quantification scheme is constructed based on generalized Polynomial Chaos (PC) representations. Two such representations are considered, based on the orthogonal projection of uncertain data and solution variables using either a Haar or a Legendre basis. Governing equations for the unknown coefficients in the resulting representations are derived using a Galerkin procedure and then integrated in order to determine the behavior of the stochastic process. The schemes are applied to a model problem involving a simplified dynamical system and to the classical problem of Rayleigh-Benard instability. For situations involving random parameters close to a critical point, the computational implementations show that the Wiener-Haar (WHa) representation provides more robust predictions that those based on a Wiener-Legendre (WLe) decomposition. However, when the solution depends smoothly on the random data, the WLe scheme exhibits superior convergence. Suggestions regarding future extensions are finally drawn based on these experiences. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Evry Val Essonne, Ctr Etud Mecan Ile France, F-91020 Evry, France. RP Knio, OM (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. EM olm@iup.univ-evry.fr; knio@jhu.edu; hnnajm@ca.sandia.gov; ghanem@jhu.edu RI Knio, Omar/A-3318-2010; Ghanem, Roger/B-8570-2008; Le Maitre, Olivier/D-8570-2011 OI Ghanem, Roger/0000-0002-1890-920X; Le Maitre, Olivier/0000-0002-3811-7787 NR 32 TC 178 Z9 178 U1 0 U2 21 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9991 J9 J COMPUT PHYS JI J. Comput. Phys. PD JUN 10 PY 2004 VL 197 IS 1 BP 28 EP 57 DI 10.1016/j.jcp.2003.11.033 PG 30 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 826MK UT WOS:000221833000002 ER PT J AU Sinha, P Hobbs, PV Yokelson, RJ Blake, DR Gao, S Kirchstetter, TW AF Sinha, P Hobbs, PV Yokelson, RJ Blake, DR Gao, S Kirchstetter, TW TI Emissions from miombo woodland and dambo grassland savanna fires SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article DE trace gases and particles; savanna fires; emissions and emission factors ID BIOMASS BURNING SEASON; TRANSFORM INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; INITIATIVE SAFARI 2000; SOUTHERN AFRICA; TRACE GASES; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; PARTICLES; AEROSOLS; AIRBORNE; SMOKE AB Airborne measurements of trace gases and particles over and downwind of two prescribed savanna fires in Zambia are described. The measurements include profiles through the smoke plumes of condensation nucleus concentrations and normalized excess mixing ratios of particles and gases, emission factors for 42 trace gases and seven particulate species, and vertical profiles of ambient conditions. The fires were ignited in plots of miombo woodland savanna, the most prevalent savanna type in southern Africa, and dambo grassland savanna, an important enclave of miombo woodland ecosystems. Emission factors for the two fires are combined with measurements of fuel loading, combustion factors, and burned area ( derived from satellite burn scar retrievals) to estimate the emissions of trace gases and particles from woodland and grassland savanna fires in Zambia and southern Africa during the dry season (May-October) of 2000. It is estimated that the emissions of CO2, CO, total hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides (NOx as NO), sulfur dioxide (SO2), formaldehyde, methyl bromide, total particulate matter, and black carbon from woodland and grassland savanna fires during the dry season of 2000 in southern Africa contributed 12.3%, 12.6%, 5.9%, 10.3%, 7.5%, 24.2%, 2.8%, 17.5%, and 11.1%, respectively, of the average annual emissions from all types of savanna fires worldwide. In 2000 the average annual emissions of methane, ethane, ethene, acetylene, propene, formaldehyde, methanol, and acetic acid from the use of biofuels in Zambia were comparable to or exceeded dry season emissions of these species from woodland and grassland savanna fires in Zambia. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Atmospher Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Montana, Dept Chem, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Chem, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Chem, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Washington, Dept Atmospher Sci, Box 351640, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM psinha@atmos.washington.edu; phobbs@atmos.washington.edu; byok@selway.umt.edu; drblake@uci.edu; sgao@its.caltech.edu; twkirchstetter@lbl.gov RI Yokelson, Robert/C-9971-2011 OI Yokelson, Robert/0000-0002-8415-6808 NR 38 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 17 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X EI 2169-8996 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD JUN 10 PY 2004 VL 109 IS D11 AR D11305 DI 10.1029/2004JD004521 PG 13 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 829XU UT WOS:000222085900001 ER PT J AU Gowtham, S Lau, KC Deshpande, M Pandey, R Gianotto, AK Groenewold, GS AF Gowtham, S Lau, KC Deshpande, M Pandey, R Gianotto, AK Groenewold, GS TI Structure, energetics, electronic, and hydration properties of neutral and anionic Al3O6, Al3O7, and Al3O8 clusters SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID ION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; GAS-PHASE; PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTRA; OXYANIONS; SOIL; MOLECULES; ENERGIES; STATES; MODELS; SIMS AB We report the results of a theoretical study of neutral and anionic Al3On (n = 6-8) and an experimental investigation of Al3O6H2- clusters, focusing on their structural and electronic properties. Our results, based on density functional calculations, reveal that sequential oxidation of Al3O5 induces significant structural changes in the cluster configurations in which an O-2 molecule tends to replace an O atom. The neutral Al3On (n = 6-8) clusters are found to be in doublet electronic states, with a planar to three-dimensional close-packed structure being most stable. The triplet state is found to be the optimum electronic state for the ground state of anionic Al3O (n = 6-8). The clusters showed an energetic preference for a twisted-pair rhombic structure, although for n = 6 and 8, a planar hexagonal structure was only 0.16 eV higher in energy. It is also shown that the strength of the oxygen-oxygen bond dominates the preferred fragmentation path for both neutral and anionic clusters. The hydration behavior of an n = 6 cluster Al3O6H2- was examined experimentally using an ion trap-secondary ion mass spectrometer under vacuum conditions, and the gas-phase clusters were shown to add three H2O molecules. Since H2O addition is consistent with the presence of under-coordinated metals in oxide clusters, the experimental result for n = 6 was consistent with the planar hexagonal structure, which contained three under-coordinated Al sites. C1 Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Phys, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Phys, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. RI Lau, Kah Chun/A-9348-2013 OI Lau, Kah Chun/0000-0002-4925-3397 NR 32 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD JUN 10 PY 2004 VL 108 IS 23 BP 5081 EP 5090 DI 10.1021/jp038040n PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 826MN UT WOS:000221833300014 ER PT J AU Boyanov, MI Kemner, KM Shibata, T Bunker, BA AF Boyanov, MI Kemner, KM Shibata, T Bunker, BA TI Local structure around Cr3+ ions in dilute acetate and perchlorate aqueous solutions SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID ABSORPTION FINE-STRUCTURE; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; 2ND HYDRATION SHELL; MULTIPLE-SCATTERING; STRUCTURE SPECTROSCOPY; 2ND-SPHERE HYDRATION; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; CHLORIDE SOLUTIONS; WATER EXCHANGE; CHROMIUM(III) AB The hydration structure and aqueous acetate complexation of Cr3+ ions were studied by X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectroscopy as a function of pH, concentration, acetate:Cr ratio, and age of the solution. In the perchlorate solutions, we found an octahedral hydration shell around the Cr3+ ion at 1.96 Angstrom, confirming previous results through an independent analysis. Distinct Cr-Cr correlation was observed in the Cr acetate solutions, indicating that acetate groups bridge between the metal ions in a polymer structure. Modeling of the data confirmed a cyclic trichromium complex in acetate solutions. Similar spectral features in the Fourier transform were observed at 3.0-3.5 Angstrom for both hydrated and polynuclear Cr. Comparison of the spectral content of such features in the two different cases showed that the origin of the 3.0-3.5 Angstrom structure is multiple scattering within the first O shell alone. Thus, no spectral contribution could be attributed to the outer hydration molecules in data for hydrated Cr3+. We also report on differences in first-shell O backscattering (or possible spectral contributions from H atoms) in the aqueous solutions relative to the crystal oxide, determined by systematic analysis of a Cr2O3 standard. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. RP Boyanov, MI (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM mboyanov@nd.edu RI ID, MRCAT/G-7586-2011 NR 44 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD JUN 10 PY 2004 VL 108 IS 23 BP 5131 EP 5138 DI 10.1021/jp049444y PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 826MN UT WOS:000221833300020 ER PT J AU Kim, J Lee, L Niece, BK Wang, JX Gewirth, AA AF Kim, J Lee, L Niece, BK Wang, JX Gewirth, AA TI Formation of ordered multilayers from polyoxometalates and silver on electrode surfaces SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID QUARTZ-CRYSTAL MICROBALANCE; SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS; GLASSY-CARBON ELECTRODE; ELECTROCHEMICAL-BEHAVIOR; GOLD ELECTRODES; SILICOTUNGSTATE ANIONS; FILMS; ADSORPTION; DEPOSITION AB We show that multilayers of a common polyoxometalate-silicotungstic anion (STA), alpha-SiW12O404- -are formed on a Ag electrode surface or other electrode surfaces in the presence of Ag+ poised in the cathodic potential region. This effect is not observed on either Au surfaces or C surfaces absent Ag+. Surface X-ray scattering, quartz crystal microbalance, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and scanning tunneling microscopy measurements show that the silicotungstic acid apparently stabilizes the Ag+ cation, which electrostatically assembles with the STA anion or the one-electron reduced species to form ordered multilayers. In contrast to other electrostatically assembled multilayer systems, those formed here exhibit considerable order. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Chem, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Univ Illinois, Frederick Seitz Mat Res Lab, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Mat Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Gewirth, AA (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Chem, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM agewirth@uiuc.edu NR 49 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD JUN 10 PY 2004 VL 108 IS 23 BP 7927 EP 7933 DI 10.1021/jp0494436 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 826MO UT WOS:000221833400057 ER PT J AU Carter, JH Louck, JD AF Carter, JH Louck, JD TI Magic squares: symmetry and combinatorics SO MOLECULAR PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID TENSOR OPERATORS; MATRICES AB Doubly stochastic, magic square, and alternating sign matrices are matrices of order n over the set of real positive numbers R+, the set of nonnegative numbers N, and the set A of integers {-1,0, 1}, respectively, having fixed row and columns sums of 1, all arbitrary positive integer N, and 1. Each can be expressed as a sum over permutation matrices of order 17 with coefficients that belong to R+, to the positive integers P, and to A, respectively. Mathematically, these objects are basic in combinatorics; physically, they arise in several contexts that are briefly reviewed. Little has been developed on their expansions in terms of permutation matrices, and little is known about counting formulas for them, except for alternating sign matrices where a closed formula for arbitrary n was recently obtained through the work of Zeilberger. Expansions of these matrices in terms of permutation matrices can be used to investigate and develop their properties. Such an expansion is called a representation of the magic square. Representations are, however, not unique, and the problem arises of enumerating the number of distinct representations of one and the same magic square. The present investigation addresses this problem in the context of primitive magic squares, which are defined as the class of magic squares of order n having a unique representation in which each permutation matrix occurs exactly once in the expansion, and such that this uniqueness is destroyed by the addition of another permutation matrix not already in the representation, a property called completeness. The set of primitive magic squares has a rich structure that is invariant under the action of a group G that is isomorphic to the dihedral group. The group G is definitive in unveiling the general structure of primitive magic squares by providing a complete labelling scheme that utilizes the (n-4)-fold direct product group of G and a binary tree that specifies a path that shows how the elements in the direct product group are to be selected. Based on this structure, a recurrence relation is derived that generates all inequivalent primitive magic squares. The recurrence relation itself shows a hidden structure of more basic magic squares, called universal kernels, that underlie the structural form of all primitive magic squares. The recurrence relation for primitive magic squares is thus shifted to a recurrence relation for the universal kernels that is simpler in form, which is also derived. These recurrence relations produce one and the same primitive magic square in multiple ways, and the sorting out of the distinct magic squares thus generated remains a problem that is not yet solved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Louck, JD (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM jimlouck@aol.com NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0026-8976 J9 MOL PHYS JI Mol. Phys. PD JUN 10 PY 2004 VL 102 IS 11-12 BP 1243 EP 1267 DI 10.1080/00268970410001725774 PG 25 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 861AH UT WOS:000224388000020 ER PT J AU Abazov, VM Abbott, B Abdesselam, A Abolins, M Abramov, V Acharya, BS Adams, DL Adams, M Ahmed, SN Alexeev, GD Alton, A Alves, GA Arnoud, Y Avila, C Babintsev, VV Babukhadia, L Bacon, TC Baden, A Baffioni, S Baldin, B Balm, PW Banerjee, S Barberis, E Baringer, P Barreto, J Bartlett, JF Bassler, U Bauer, D Bean, A Beaudette, F Begel, M Belyaev, A Beri, SB Bernardi, G Bertram, I Besson, A Beuselinck, R Bezzubov, VA Bhat, PC Bhatnagar, V Bhattacharjee, M Blazey, G Blekman, F Blessing, S Boehnlein, A Bojko, NI Bolton, TA Borcherding, F Bos, K Bose, T Brandt, A Briskin, G Brock, R Brooijmans, G Bross, A Buchholz, D Buehler, M Buescher, V Burtovoi, VS Butler, JM Canelli, F Carvalho, W Casey, D Castilla-Valdez, H Chakraborty, D Chan, KM Chekulaev, SV Cho, DK Choi, S Chopra, S Claes, D Clark, AR Connolly, B Cooper, WE Coppage, D Crepe-Renaudin, S Cummings, MAC Cutts, D da Motta, H Davis, GA De, K de Jong, SJ Demarteau, M Demina, R Demine, P Denisov, D Denisov, SP Desai, S Diehl, HT Diesburg, M Doulas, S Dudko, LV Duflot, L Dugad, SR Duperrin, A Dyshkant, A Edmunds, D Ellison, J Eltzroth, JT Elvira, VD Engelmann, R Eno, S Eppley, G Ermolov, P Eroshin, OV Estrada, J Evans, H Evdokimov, VN Ferbel, T Filthaut, F Fisk, HE Fortner, M Fox, H Fu, S Fuess, S Gallas, E Galyaev, AN Gao, M Gavrilov, V Genik, RJ Genser, K Gerber, CE Gershtein, Y Ginther, G Gomez, B Goncharov, PI Gounder, K Goussiou, A Grannis, PD Greenlee, H Greenwood, ZD Grinstein, S Groer, L Grunendahl, S Grunewald, MW Gurzhiev, SN Gutierrez, G Gutierrez, P Hadley, NJ Haggerty, H Hagopian, S Hagopian, V Hall, RE Han, C Hansen, S Hauptman, JM Hebert, C Hedin, D Heinmiller, JM Heinson, AP Heintz, U Hildreth, MD Hirosky, R Hobbs, JD Hoeneisen, B Huang, J Huang, Y Iashvili, I Illingworth, R Ito, AS Jaffre, M Jain, S Jesik, R Johns, K Johnson, M Jonckheere, A Jostlein, H Juste, A Kahl, W Kahn, S Kajfasz, E Kalinin, AM Karmanov, D Karmgard, D Kehoe, R Kesisoglou, S Khanov, A Kharchilava, A Klima, B Kohli, JM Kostritskiy, AV Kotcher, J Kothari, B Kozelov, AV Kozlovsky, EA Krane, J Krishnaswamy, MR Krivkova, P Krzywdzinski, S Kubantsev, M Kuleshov, S Kulik, Y Kunori, S Kupco, A Kuznetsov, VE Landsberg, G Lee, WM Leflat, A Lehner, F Leonidopoulos, C Li, J Li, QZ Lima, JGR Lincoln, D Linn, SL Linnemann, J Lipton, R Lucotte, A Lueking, L Lundstedt, C Luo, C Maciel, AKA Madaras, RJ Malyshev, VL Manankov, V Mao, HS Marshall, T Martin, MI Mattingly, SEK Mayorov, AA McCarthy, R McMahon, T Melanson, HL Melnitchouk, A Merkin, A Merritt, KW Miao, C Miettinen, H Mihalcea, D Mokhov, N Mondal, NK Montgomery, HE Moore, RW Mutaf, YD Nagy, E Narain, M Narasimham, VS Naumann, NA Neal, HA Negret, JP Nelson, S Nomerotski, A Nunnemann, T O'Neil, D Oguri, V Oshima, N Padley, P Papageorgiou, K Parashar, N Partridge, R Parua, N Patwa, A Peters, O Petroff, P Piegaia, R Pope, BG Prosper, HB Protopopescu, S Przybycien, MB Qian, J Rajagopalan, S Rapidis, PA Reay, NW Reucroft, S Ridel, M Rijssenbeek, M Rizatdinova, F Rockwell, T Royon, C Rubinov, P Ruchti, R Sabirov, BM Sajot, G Santoro, A Sawyer, L Schamberger, RD Schellman, H Schwartzman, A Shabalina, E Shivpuri, RK Shpakov, D Shupe, M Sidwell, RA Simak, V Sirotenko, V Slattery, P Smith, RP Snow, GR Snow, J Snyder, S Solomon, J Song, Y Sorin, V Sosebee, M Sotnikova, N Soustruznik, K Souza, M Stanton, NR Steinbruck, G Stoker, D Stolin, V Stone, A Stoyanova, DA Strang, MA Strauss, M Strovink, M Stutte, L Sznajder, A Talby, M Taylor, W Tentindo-Repond, S Trippe, TG Turcot, AS Tuts, PM Van Kooten, R Vaniev, V Varelas, N Villeneuve-Seguier, F Volkov, AA Vorobiev, AP Wahl, HD Wang, ZM Warchol, J Watts, G Wayne, M Weerts, H White, A Whiteson, D Wijngaarden, DA Willis, S Wimpenny, SJ Womersley, J Wood, DR Xu, Q Yamada, R Yasuda, T Yatsunenko, YA Yip, K Yu, J Zanabria, M Zhang, X Zhou, B Zhou, Z Zielinski, M Zieminska, D Zieminski, A Zutshi, V Zverev, EG Zylberstejn, A AF Abazov, VM Abbott, B Abdesselam, A Abolins, M Abramov, V Acharya, BS Adams, DL Adams, M Ahmed, SN Alexeev, GD Alton, A Alves, GA Arnoud, Y Avila, C Babintsev, VV Babukhadia, L Bacon, TC Baden, A Baffioni, S Baldin, B Balm, PW Banerjee, S Barberis, E Baringer, P Barreto, J Bartlett, JF Bassler, U Bauer, D Bean, A Beaudette, F Begel, M Belyaev, A Beri, SB Bernardi, G Bertram, I Besson, A Beuselinck, R Bezzubov, VA Bhat, PC Bhatnagar, V Bhattacharjee, M Blazey, G Blekman, F Blessing, S Boehnlein, A Bojko, NI Bolton, TA Borcherding, F Bos, K Bose, T Brandt, A Briskin, G Brock, R Brooijmans, G Bross, A Buchholz, D Buehler, M Buescher, V Burtovoi, VS Butler, JM Canelli, F Carvalho, W Casey, D Castilla-Valdez, H Chakraborty, D Chan, KM Chekulaev, SV Cho, DK Choi, S Chopra, S Claes, D Clark, AR Connolly, B Cooper, WE Coppage, D Crepe-Renaudin, S Cummings, MAC Cutts, D da Motta, H Davis, GA De, K de Jong, SJ Demarteau, M Demina, R Demine, P Denisov, D Denisov, SP Desai, S Diehl, HT Diesburg, M Doulas, S Dudko, LV Duflot, L Dugad, SR Duperrin, A Dyshkant, A Edmunds, D Ellison, J Eltzroth, JT Elvira, VD Engelmann, R Eno, S Eppley, G Ermolov, P Eroshin, OV Estrada, J Evans, H Evdokimov, VN Ferbel, T Filthaut, F Fisk, HE Fortner, M Fox, H Fu, S Fuess, S Gallas, E Galyaev, AN Gao, M Gavrilov, V Genik, RJ Genser, K Gerber, CE Gershtein, Y Ginther, G Gomez, B Goncharov, PI Gounder, K Goussiou, A Grannis, PD Greenlee, H Greenwood, ZD Grinstein, S Groer, L Grunendahl, S Grunewald, MW Gurzhiev, SN Gutierrez, G Gutierrez, P Hadley, NJ Haggerty, H Hagopian, S Hagopian, V Hall, RE Han, C Hansen, S Hauptman, JM Hebert, C Hedin, D Heinmiller, JM Heinson, AP Heintz, U Hildreth, MD Hirosky, R Hobbs, JD Hoeneisen, B Huang, J Huang, Y Iashvili, I Illingworth, R Ito, AS Jaffre, M Jain, S Jesik, R Johns, K Johnson, M Jonckheere, A Jostlein, H Juste, A Kahl, W Kahn, S Kajfasz, E Kalinin, AM Karmanov, D Karmgard, D Kehoe, R Kesisoglou, S Khanov, A Kharchilava, A Klima, B Kohli, JM Kostritskiy, AV Kotcher, J Kothari, B Kozelov, AV Kozlovsky, EA Krane, J Krishnaswamy, MR Krivkova, P Krzywdzinski, S Kubantsev, M Kuleshov, S Kulik, Y Kunori, S Kupco, A Kuznetsov, VE Landsberg, G Lee, WM Leflat, A Lehner, F Leonidopoulos, C Li, J Li, QZ Lima, JGR Lincoln, D Linn, SL Linnemann, J Lipton, R Lucotte, A Lueking, L Lundstedt, C Luo, C Maciel, AKA Madaras, RJ Malyshev, VL Manankov, V Mao, HS Marshall, T Martin, MI Mattingly, SEK Mayorov, AA McCarthy, R McMahon, T Melanson, HL Melnitchouk, A Merkin, A Merritt, KW Miao, C Miettinen, H Mihalcea, D Mokhov, N Mondal, NK Montgomery, HE Moore, RW Mutaf, YD Nagy, E Narain, M Narasimham, VS Naumann, NA Neal, HA Negret, JP Nelson, S Nomerotski, A Nunnemann, T O'Neil, D Oguri, V Oshima, N Padley, P Papageorgiou, K Parashar, N Partridge, R Parua, N Patwa, A Peters, O Petroff, P Piegaia, R Pope, BG Prosper, HB Protopopescu, S Przybycien, MB Qian, J Rajagopalan, S Rapidis, PA Reay, NW Reucroft, S Ridel, M Rijssenbeek, M Rizatdinova, F Rockwell, T Royon, C Rubinov, P Ruchti, R Sabirov, BM Sajot, G Santoro, A Sawyer, L Schamberger, RD Schellman, H Schwartzman, A Shabalina, E Shivpuri, RK Shpakov, D Shupe, M Sidwell, RA Simak, V Sirotenko, V Slattery, P Smith, RP Snow, GR Snow, J Snyder, S Solomon, J Song, Y Sorin, V Sosebee, M Sotnikova, N Soustruznik, K Souza, M Stanton, NR Steinbruck, G Stoker, D Stolin, V Stone, A Stoyanova, DA Strang, MA Strauss, M Strovink, M Stutte, L Sznajder, A Talby, M Taylor, W Tentindo-Repond, S Trippe, TG Turcot, AS Tuts, PM Van Kooten, R Vaniev, V Varelas, N Villeneuve-Seguier, F Volkov, AA Vorobiev, AP Wahl, HD Wang, ZM Warchol, J Watts, G Wayne, M Weerts, H White, A Whiteson, D Wijngaarden, DA Willis, S Wimpenny, SJ Womersley, J Wood, DR Xu, Q Yamada, R Yasuda, T Yatsunenko, YA Yip, K Yu, J Zanabria, M Zhang, X Zhou, B Zhou, Z Zielinski, M Zieminska, D Zieminski, A Zutshi, V Zverev, EG Zylberstejn, A CA DO Collaboration TI A precision measurement of the mass of the top quark SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID PAIR PRODUCTION; DETECTOR; EVENT AB The standard model of particle physics contains parameters such as particle masses - whose origins are still unknown and which cannot be predicted, but whose values are constrained through their interactions. In particular, the masses of the top quark (M-t) and W boson (M-W)(1) constrain the mass of the long-hypothesized, but thus far not observed, Higgs boson. A precise measurement of Mt can therefore indicate where to look for the Higgs, and indeed whether the hypothesis of a standard model Higgs is consistent with experimental data. As top quarks are produced in pairs and decay in only about 10(-24) s into various final states, reconstructing their masses from their decay products is very challenging. Here we report a technique that extracts more information from each top-quark event and yields a greatly improved precision (of +/- 5.3 GeV/c(2)) when compared to previous measurements(2). When our new result is combined with our published measurement in a complementary decay mode(3) and with the only other measurements available(2), the new world average for M-t becomes(4) 178.0 +/- 4.3 GeV/c(2). As a result, the most likely Higgs mass increases from the experimentally excluded(5) value(6) of 96 to 117GeV/c(2), which is beyond current experimental sensitivity. The upper limit on the Higgs mass at the 95% confidence level is raised from 219 to 251 GeV/c(2). C1 Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. Univ Oklahoma, Dept Phys & Astron, Norman, OK 73019 USA. Lab Accelerateur Lineaire, CNRS, IN2P3, F-91898 Orsay, France. Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino 142284, Russia. Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Sch Nat Sci, Bombay 400005, Maharashtra, India. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. Univ Nijmegen, NIKHEF, NL-6500 GL Nijmegen, Netherlands. Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Ctr Brasileiro Pesquisas Fis, LAFEX, BR-22290180 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Univ Grenoble 1, Lab Phys Subatom & Cosmol, CNRS, IN2P3, F-38026 Grenoble, France. Univ Los Andes, Dept Fis, HEP Grp, Bogota, Colombia. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Phys, London SW7 2BW, England. Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Mediterranee, CPPM, CNRS, IN2P3, F-13288 Marseille, France. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. FOM, Inst NIKHEF, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Amsterdam, NIKHEF, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. Northeastern Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. Univ Paris 06, LPNHE, CNRS, IN2P3, F-75252 Paris, France. Univ Paris 07, LPNHE, CNRS, IN2P3, F-75252 Paris, France. Indiana Univ, Dept Phys, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. Florida State Univ, Dept Phys 4350, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Panjab Univ, Dept Phys, Chandigarh 160014, India. Univ Lancaster, Dept Phys, Lancaster LA1 4YB, England. No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. Kansas State Univ, Dept Phys, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA. Univ Texas, Dept Phys, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. Brown Univ, Dept Phys, Providence, RI 02912 USA. Northwestern Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Univ Freiburg, Inst Phys, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany. Boston Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Univ Estado Rio de Janeiro, Inst Fis, BR-20559900 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. CINVESTAV, Dept Fis, Mexico City 07000, DF, Mexico. Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Phys, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Univ Nebraska, Dept Phys & Astron, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. CEA Saclay, Serv Phys Particules, DAPNIA, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Dept Phys, Moscow 119899, Russia. Rice Univ, Bonner Nucl Lab, Houston, TX 77005 USA. Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Louisiana Tech Univ, Dept Phys, Ruston, LA 71272 USA. Univ Buenos Aires, Fac Ciencias Exactas & Nat, Dept Fis, RA-1428 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. Natl Univ Ireland Univ Coll Dublin, Fac Sci, Dept Expt Phys, Dublin 4, Ireland. Calif State Univ Fresno, Dept Phys, Fresno, CA 93740 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys, High Energy Phys Grp, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Univ Virginia, Dept Phys, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. Univ San Francisco Quito, Quito, Ecuador. Univ Arizona, Dept Phys, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Charles Univ, Fac Math & Phys, Ctr Particle Phys, Inst Nucl & Particle Phys, CZ-18000 Prague 8, Czech Republic. Acad Sci Czech Republ, Inst Phys, Ctr Particle Phys, CZ-18221 Prague 8, Czech Republic. Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Langston Univ, Dept Math, Langston, OK 73050 USA. Univ Delhi, Dept Phys & Astrophys, Delhi 110007, India. Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Estrada, J (reprint author), Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. EM estrada@fnal.gov RI Sznajder, Andre/L-1621-2016; Canelli, Florencia/O-9693-2016; Juste, Aurelio/I-2531-2015; Alves, Gilvan/C-4007-2013; Santoro, Alberto/E-7932-2014; Belyaev, Alexander/F-6637-2015; Nomerotski, Andrei/A-5169-2010; Shivpuri, R K/A-5848-2010; Gutierrez, Phillip/C-1161-2011; Leflat, Alexander/D-7284-2012; Dudko, Lev/D-7127-2012; Yip, Kin/D-6860-2013; Kuleshov, Sergey/D-9940-2013; De, Kaushik/N-1953-2013; Oguri, Vitor/B-5403-2013; Chekulaev, Sergey/O-1145-2015; Grinstein, Sebastian/N-3988-2014 OI Sznajder, Andre/0000-0001-6998-1108; Canelli, Florencia/0000-0001-6361-2117; Sawyer, Lee/0000-0001-8295-0605; Hedin, David/0000-0001-9984-215X; Wahl, Horst/0000-0002-1345-0401; Juste, Aurelio/0000-0002-1558-3291; de Jong, Sijbrand/0000-0002-3120-3367; Landsberg, Greg/0000-0002-4184-9380; Blessing, Susan/0000-0002-4455-7279; Gershtein, Yuri/0000-0002-4871-5449; Duperrin, Arnaud/0000-0002-5789-9825; Hoeneisen, Bruce/0000-0002-6059-4256; Leonidopoulos, Christos/0000-0002-7241-2114; Belyaev, Alexander/0000-0002-1733-4408; Dudko, Lev/0000-0002-4462-3192; Yip, Kin/0000-0002-8576-4311; Kuleshov, Sergey/0000-0002-3065-326X; De, Kaushik/0000-0002-5647-4489; Melnychuk, Oleksandr/0000-0002-2089-8685; Bassler, Ursula/0000-0002-9041-3057; Filthaut, Frank/0000-0003-3338-2247; Naumann, Axel/0000-0002-4725-0766; Blekman, Freya/0000-0002-7366-7098; Blazey, Gerald/0000-0002-7435-5758; Evans, Harold/0000-0003-2183-3127; Beuselinck, Raymond/0000-0003-2613-7446; Heinson, Ann/0000-0003-4209-6146; grannis, paul/0000-0003-4692-2142; Qian, Jianming/0000-0003-4813-8167; Strovink, Mark/0000-0001-7020-7769; Madaras, Ronald/0000-0001-7399-2993; Begel, Michael/0000-0002-1634-4399; Grinstein, Sebastian/0000-0002-6460-8694 NR 26 TC 190 Z9 191 U1 0 U2 16 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD JUN 10 PY 2004 VL 429 IS 6992 BP 638 EP 642 DI 10.1038/nature02589 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 827PJ UT WOS:000221912600034 PM 15190311 ER PT J AU Achermann, M Petruska, MA Kos, S Smith, DL Koleske, DD Klimov, VI AF Achermann, M Petruska, MA Kos, S Smith, DL Koleske, DD Klimov, VI TI Energy-transfer pumping of semiconductor nanocrystals using an epitaxial quantum well SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; STIMULATED-EMISSION; DOTS; RELAXATION; POLYMER AB As a result of quantum-confinement effects, the emission colour of semiconductor nanocrystals can be modified dramatically by simply changing their size(1,2). Such spectral tunability, together with large photoluminescence quantum yields and high photostability, make nanocrystals attractive for use in a variety of light-emitting technologies - for example, displays, fluorescence tagging(3), solid-state lighting and lasers(4). An important limitation for such applications, however, is the difficulty of achieving electrical pumping, largely due to the presence of an insulating organic capping layer on the nanocrystals. Here, we describe an approach for indirect injection of electron - hole pairs ( the electron - hole radiative recombination gives rise to light emission) into nanocrystals by non-contact, non-radiative energy transfer from a proximal quantum well that can in principle be pumped either electrically or optically. Our theoretical and experimental results indicate that this transfer is fast enough to compete with electron - hole recombination in the quantum well, and results in greater than 50 per cent energy-transfer efficiencies in the tested structures. Furthermore, the measured energy-transfer rates are sufficiently large to provide pumping in the stimulated emission regime, indicating the feasibility of nanocrystal-based optical amplifiers and lasers based on this approach. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Klimov, VI (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM achermann@lanl.gov; klimov@lanl.gov RI Achermann, Marc/A-1849-2011; Kos, Simon/G-3289-2016 OI Achermann, Marc/0000-0002-3939-9309; Kos, Simon/0000-0003-1657-9793 NR 18 TC 425 Z9 430 U1 10 U2 108 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD JUN 10 PY 2004 VL 429 IS 6992 BP 642 EP 646 DI 10.1038/nature02571 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 827PJ UT WOS:000221912600035 PM 15190347 ER PT J AU Jones, JE Cheshire, MC Casadonte, DJ Phifer, CC AF Jones, JE Cheshire, MC Casadonte, DJ Phifer, CC TI Facile sonochemical synthesis of graphite intercalation compounds SO ORGANIC LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HIGH-INTENSITY ULTRASOUND; POTASSIUM-GRAPHITE; COMPLEXES; POLYSILYNES; REDUCTION; EFFICIENT; METALS AB Graphite intercalation compounds (GICs) are useful as powerful reducing agents in organic chemistry and are typically prepared by anaerobic solid-state reactions at high temperatures for 1-8 h. We have been able to prepare KC8 in situ in toluene using ultrasound in less than 5 min. This allows for a convenient approach to reductive chemical syntheses involving GICs. C1 Texas Tech Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Jones, JE (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. EM dominick.casadonte@ttu.edu NR 21 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1523-7060 J9 ORG LETT JI Org. Lett. PD JUN 10 PY 2004 VL 6 IS 12 BP 1915 EP 1917 DI 10.1021/ol0496632 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 826ZP UT WOS:000221868300009 PM 15176782 ER PT J AU Henderson, MG AF Henderson, MG TI The May 2-3, 1986 CDAW-9C interval: A sawtooth event SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article AB We re-examine the CDAW-9C interval and show that it was a sawtooth event - and therefore that sawtooth events have been studied as substorms in the past. We also show that tail-like stretching of the magnetic field can occur well inside of geosynchronous orbit and we present evidence that substorm-associated tail reconnection can occur inside of -11 R-E. We conclude that a major difference between sawtooth and non-sawtooth substorms is that the sawtooth variety appear to represent a 'mode' of behavior in which substorm activity is brought anomalously close to the Earth for extended periods of time. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Henderson, MG (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, ISR-1,Mail Stop D466, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM mghenderson@landl.gov RI Henderson, Michael/A-3948-2011 OI Henderson, Michael/0000-0003-4975-9029 NR 7 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JUN 9 PY 2004 VL 31 IS 11 AR L11804 DI 10.1029/2004GL019941 PG 5 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 829XJ UT WOS:000222084600005 ER PT J AU Lawrence, DJ Maurice, S Feldman, WC AF Lawrence, DJ Maurice, S Feldman, WC TI Gamma-ray measurements from Lunar Prospector: Time series data reduction for the gamma-ray spectrometer SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS LA English DT Article DE gamma ray; Lunar Prospector; Moon ID NEUTRON SPECTROMETERS; THORIUM ABUNDANCES; WATER ICE; SURFACE; MOON AB The data reduction process for the Lunar Prospector Gamma-Ray Spectrometer (LP-GRS) time series data is described. This process takes raw data that are received directly from the spacecraft and converts them to time series gamma-ray spectra that are used to derive elemental maps. These processed LP-GRS time series data are used as the fundamental data set for deriving composition measurements of the lunar surface using either energy window techniques or the full modeling of the neutron and gamma-ray transport processes. The analyses that use these gamma-ray spectra to derive elemental abundances are beyond the scope of this manuscript but are described elsewhere in multiple publications. The processing described here to create the time series gamma-ray spectra includes selections to eliminate bad data as well as make corrections due to time variations in the cosmic ray flux, LP-GRS gain, LP-GRS orientation, and altitude above the lunar surface. Descriptions are also given of data uncertainties and how the LP-GRS data are mapped onto the lunar surface. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Observ Midi Pyrenees, Ctr Etud Spatiale Rayonnements, F-31400 Toulouse, France. RP Lawrence, DJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS D-466, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM djlawrence@lanl.gov RI Lawrence, David/E-7463-2015 OI Lawrence, David/0000-0002-7696-6667 NR 28 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9097 EI 2169-9100 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-PLANET JI J. Geophys. Res.-Planets PD JUN 9 PY 2004 VL 109 IS E7 AR E07S05 DI 10.1029/2003JE002206 PG 23 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 829YD UT WOS:000222087100001 ER PT J AU Greenleaf, WB Jefferson, J Perry, P Hearn, AS Cabelli, DE Lepock, JR Stroupe, ME Tainer, JA Nick, HS Silverman, DN AF Greenleaf, WB Jefferson, J Perry, P Hearn, AS Cabelli, DE Lepock, JR Stroupe, ME Tainer, JA Nick, HS Silverman, DN TI Role of hydrogen bonding in the active site of human manganese superoxide dismutase SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PRODUCT INHIBITION; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; PULSE-RADIOLYSIS; SYSTEM; MUTANT; THERMOSTABILITY; CATALYSIS; MUTATIONS; PATHWAY AB The side chain of Gln143, a conserved residue in manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), forms a hydrogen bond with the manganese-bound solvent and is critical in maintaining catalytic activity. The side chains of Tyr34 and Trp123 form hydrogen bonds with the carboxamide of Gln143. We have replaced Tyr34 and Trp123 with Phe in single and double mutants of human MnSOD and measured their catalytic activity by stopped-flow spectrophotometry and pulse radiolysis. The replacements of these side chains inhibited steps in the catalysis as much as 50-fold; in addition, they altered the gating between catalysis and formation of a peroxide complex to yield a more product-inhibited enzyme. The replacement of both Tyr34 and Trp123 in a double mutant showed that these two residues interact cooperatively in maintaining catalytic activity. The crystal structure of Y34F/W123F human MnSOD at 1.95 Angstrom resolution suggests that this effect is not related to a conformational change in the side chain of Gin 143, which does not change orientation in Y34F/W123F, but rather to more subtle electronic effects due to the loss of hydrogen bonding to the carboxamide side chain of Gln143. Wild-type MnSOD containing Trp123 and Tyr34 has approximately the same thermal stability compared with mutants containing Phe at these positions, suggesting the hydrogen bonds formed by these residues have functional rather than structural roles. C1 Univ Florida, Ctr Hlth, Dept Pharmacol, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Neurosci, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. Univ Toronto, Dept Med Biophys, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Scripps Res Inst, Dept Mol Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. RP Silverman, DN (reprint author), Univ Florida, Ctr Hlth, Dept Pharmacol, Box 100267, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. EM silvermn@college.med.ufl.edu FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM48495, GM54903] NR 34 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD JUN 8 PY 2004 VL 43 IS 22 BP 7038 EP 7045 DI 10.1021/bi049888k PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 826CV UT WOS:000221807500022 PM 15170341 ER PT J AU Pollard, DA Bergman, CM Stoye, J Celniker, SE Eisen, MB AF Pollard, DA Bergman, CM Stoye, J Celniker, SE Eisen, MB TI Benchmarking tools for the alignment of functional noncoding DNA (vol 5, pg 6, 2004) SO BMC BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Correction C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Biophys Grad Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Orlando Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Dept Genome Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley Drosophila Genome Project, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Bielefeld, Tech Fak, D-33594 Bielefeld, Germany. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Pollard, DA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Biophys Grad Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM dpollard@socrates.berkeley.edu; cbergman@gen.cam.ac.uk; stoye@techfak.uni-bielefeld.de; celniker@fruitfly.org; mbeisen@lbl.gov RI Stoye, Jens/A-2709-2012 OI Stoye, Jens/0000-0002-4656-7155 NR 3 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA MIDDLESEX HOUSE, 34-42 CLEVELAND ST, LONDON W1T 4LB, ENGLAND SN 1471-2105 J9 BMC BIOINFORMATICS JI BMC Bioinformatics PD JUN 8 PY 2004 VL 5 AR 73 DI 10.1186/1471-2105-5-73 PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA 835SK UT WOS:000222505600001 PM 15186509 ER PT J AU Knickelbein, MB AF Knickelbein, MB TI Electric dipole polarizabilities of copper clusters SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID COLLISION-INDUCED DISSOCIATION; SMALL METALLIC PARTICLES; SHELL STRUCTURE; PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; IONIZATION-POTENTIALS; GEOMETRIC STRUCTURE; ALKALI CLUSTERS; THIN-FILMS; FRAGMENTATION; STABILITY AB The static electric dipole polarizabilities of Cu-9-Cu-61 have been measured via a molecular beam deflection method. The clusters display per-atom polarizabilities that decrease monotonically with size, from similar to16 Angstrom(3) per atom Cu9-10 to similar to5 Angstrom(3) (Cu45-61). Absent are any discernible discontinuities or odd-even alternations due to electronic shell filling or electron pairing effects. For the smallest clusters, the experimental polarizabilities are similar to3 times larger than those predicted classically for conducting ellipsoids, and approach the classical values only for clusters containing more than similar to45 atoms. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Knickelbein, MB (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM knickelbein@anl.gov NR 52 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUN 8 PY 2004 VL 120 IS 22 BP 10450 EP 10454 DI 10.1063/1.1712791 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 822KM UT WOS:000221538200013 PM 15268073 ER PT J AU Zhao, CY Balasubramanian, K AF Zhao, CY Balasubramanian, K TI Spectroscopic properties of novel aromatic metal clusters: NaM4 (M=Al,Ga,In) and their cations and anions SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID COMBINED PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; RELATIVISTIC EFFECTIVE POTENTIALS; SPIN-ORBIT OPERATORS; AB-INITIO; CONTAINING MOLECULES; PLANAR CARBON; SI; GE AB The ground- and several excited states of metal aromatic clusters, namely NaM4 and NaM4+/- (M=Al,Ga,In) clusters have been investigated by employing complete active-space self-consistent-field followed by multireference singles and doubles configuration interaction computations that included up to 10 million configurations and other methods. The ground states NaM4- of aromatic anions are found to be symmetric C-4v ((1)A(1)) electronic states with ideal square pyramid geometries. While the ground state of NaIn4 is also predicted to be a symmetric C-4v ((2)A(1)) square pyramid, the ground state of the NaAl4 cluster is found to have a C-2v ((2)A(1)) pyramid with a rhombus base, and the ground state of NaGa4 possesses a C-2v ((2)A(1)) pyramid with a rectangle base. In general, these structures exhibit two competing geometries, viz., an ideal C-4v structure and a distorted rhomboidal or rectangular pyramid structure (C-2v). All of the ground states of the NaM4+ (M=Al,Ga,In) cations are computed to be C-2v ((3)A(2)) pyramids with rhombus bases. The equilibrium geometries, vibrational frequencies, dissociation energies, adiabatic ionization potentials, adiabatic electron affinities for the electronic states of NaM4 (M=Al,Ga,In), and their ions are computed and compared with experimental results and other theoretical calculations. On the basis of our computed excited states energy separations, we have tentatively suggested assignments to the observed X and A states in the anion photoelectron spectra of Al4Na- reported by Li [X. Li, A. E. Kuznetov, H. F. Zheng, A. I. Boldyrev, and L. S. Wang, Science 291, 859 (2001)]. The X state can be assigned to a C-2v ((2)A(1)) rhomboidal pyramid. The A state observed in the anion spectrum is assigned to the first excited state (B-2(1)) of the neutral NaAl4 with the C-4v symmetry. The assignments of the excited states are consistent with the experimental excitation energies and the previous Green's function-based methods for the vertical transition energy separations between the X and A bands. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Ctr Image Proc & Integrated Comp, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Glenn T Seaborg Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Zhao, CY (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Ctr Image Proc & Integrated Comp, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM kbala@ucdavis.edu NR 31 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUN 8 PY 2004 VL 120 IS 22 BP 10501 EP 10512 DI 10.1063/1.1738112 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 822KM UT WOS:000221538200017 PM 15268077 ER PT J AU Draeger, EW Grossman, JC Williamson, AJ Galli, G AF Draeger, EW Grossman, JC Williamson, AJ Galli, G TI Optical properties of passivated silicon nanoclusters: The role of synthesis SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SI QUANTUM DOTS; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; POROUS SILICON; NANOCRYSTALS; CLUSTERS; SPECTRA; NANOPARTICLES; LUMINESCENCE; TRANSITIONS AB The effect of preparation conditions on the structural and optical properties of silicon nanoparticles is investigated. Nanoscale reconstructions, unique to curved nanosurfaces, are presented for silicon nanocrystals and shown to have lower energy and larger optical gaps than bulk-derived structures. We find that high-temperature synthesis processes can produce metastable noncrystalline nanostructures with different core structures than bulk-derived crystalline clusters. The type of core structure that forms from a given synthesis process may depend on the passivation mechanism and time scale. The effect of oxygen on the optical of different types of silicon structures is calculated. In contrast to the behavior of bulklike nanostructures, for noncrystalline and reconstructed crystalline structures surface oxygen atoms do not decrease the gap. In some cases, the presence of oxygen atoms at the nanocluster surface can significantly increase the optical absorption gap, due to decreased angular distortion of the silicon bonds. The relationship between strain and the optical gap in silicon nanoclusters is discussed. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Draeger, EW (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 32 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUN 8 PY 2004 VL 120 IS 22 BP 10807 EP 10814 DI 10.1063/1.1738633 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 822KM UT WOS:000221538200048 PM 15268108 ER PT J AU Meriaux, AS Ryerson, FJ Tapponnier, P Van der Woerd, J Finkel, RC Xu, XW Xu, ZQ Caffee, MW AF Meriaux, AS Ryerson, FJ Tapponnier, P Van der Woerd, J Finkel, RC Xu, XW Xu, ZQ Caffee, MW TI Rapid slip along the central Altyn Tagh Fault: Morphochronologic evidence from Cherchen He and Sulamu Tagh SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH LA English DT Article DE slip rates; cosmogenic dating; Indo-Asian collision ID INDIA-ASIA COLLISION; CALIFORNIA SHEAR ZONE; IN-SITU BE-10; TIBETAN PLATEAU; ACTIVE DEFORMATION; NORTHWEST CHINA; KUNLUN FAULT; COSMOGENIC NUCLIDES; FLUVIAL TERRACES; PRODUCTION-RATES AB To better constrain the ongoing rates of deformation in northern Tibet, the ages of fluvial and glacial geomorphic markers left-laterally displaced by the Altyn Tagh Fault have been determined by radiocarbon and Be-10-(26) Al cosmic ray exposure dating. Two sites were investigated: Cherchen He and Sulamu Tagh, both near Tura (similar to37.6degreesN, 86.6degreesE). The sites are geomorphologically distinct with Cherchen He dominated by fluvial processes and the Sulamu Tagh by glacial action. Nine offsets ranging from 166 to 3660 m with ages between 6 and 113 ka yield an average slip rate of 26.9 +/- 6.9 mm/yr. Landscape evolution appears to have been modulated by climate change and is temporally consistent with the delta(18)O record from the Guliya ice cap in the West Kunlun; the features of interest were all formed by glacial and fluvial processes subsequent to marine isotope stage 5e, with the youngest features having formed during the early Holocene Optimum. This "near-field,'' morphochronological slip rate is averaged over many earthquake cycles and is hence little affected by interseismic strain. It is kinematically consistent with other, somewhat lower, geomorphic slip rate measurements to the east. The average rate, and lower bounds obtained from alternate interpretational models, 18.4 mm/yr, cannot be reconciled with the most rece geodetic measurements (similar to7 mm/yr), suggesting that interseismic strain and interactions with adjacent faults may lead to disparate geologic and geodetic rate estimates. This late Pleistocene-Holocene, morphochronologic rate would imply that, at this longitude, the Altyn Tagh Fault, on the north edge of Tibet, might absorb almost as much of India's convergence relative to Siberia as the Himalayan Main Frontal Thrust does on the southern edge of the plateau. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Inst Phys Globe, CNRS, UMR 7578, Lab Tecton Mecan Lithosphere, F-75252 Paris, France. Seismol Bureau, Beijing 100036, Peoples R China. Minist Lab & Resources, Inst Geol, Beijing 100037, Peoples R China. RP Meriaux, AS (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, L-219,POB 808,L-206, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM meriaux1@llnl.gov; ryerson@llnl.gov; tappon@ipgp.jussieu.fr; finkel1@llnl.gov; xxiwei@public3.bta.net/cn; xuzhiqin@ccsd.org.cn; mcaffee@physics.purdue.edu RI Meriaux, Anne-Sophie/G-1754-2010; Tapponnier, .Paul/B-7033-2011; Caffee, Marc/K-7025-2015 OI Tapponnier, .Paul/0000-0002-7135-1962; Caffee, Marc/0000-0002-6846-8967 NR 85 TC 112 Z9 129 U1 2 U2 16 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9313 EI 2169-9356 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth PD JUN 8 PY 2004 VL 109 IS B6 AR B06401 DI 10.1029/2003JB002558 PG 23 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 829YE UT WOS:000222087200001 ER PT J AU Willey, TM Vance, AL Bostedt, C van Buuren, T Meulenberg, RW Terminello, LJ Fadley, CS AF Willey, TM Vance, AL Bostedt, C van Buuren, T Meulenberg, RW Terminello, LJ Fadley, CS TI Surface structure and chemical switching of thioctic acid adsorbed on Au(111) as observed using near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS; GOLD SURFACES; FUNCTIONALIZED ALKANETHIOLS; XPS CHARACTERIZATION; ORGANIC MONOLAYERS; ELECTRODES; PSEUDOROTAXANE; ATTENUATION; RECOGNITION; ROTAXANE AB Thioctic acid (a-lipoic acid) is a molecule with a large disulfide-containing base, a short alkyl chain with four CH2 units, and a carboxyl termination. Self-assembled monolayer (SAM) films of thioctic acid adsorbed on Au(l 11) have been investigated with near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to determine film quality, bonding, and morphology. Using standard preparation protocols for SAMs, that is, dissolving thioctic acid in ethanol and exposing gold to the solution, results in poor films. These films are highly disordered, contain a mixture of carboxyl and carboxylate terminations, have more than monolayer coverage, and exhibit unbound disulfide. Conversely, forming films by dissolving 1 mmol thioctic acid into 5% acetic acid in ethanol (as previously reported with carboxyl-terminated alkanethiols) forms ordered monolayers with small amounts of unbound sulfur. NEXAFS indicates tilted over endgroups with the carboxyl group normal on average 38degrees from the surface normal. Slight angle-dependent intensity modulations in other features indicate alkyl chains statistically more upright than prostrate on the surface. Reflection-absorption Fourier transform infrared (RA-FTIR) spectra indicate hydrogen bonding between neighboring molecules. In such well-formed monolayers, a stark reorientation occurs upon deprotonation of the endgroup by rinsing in a KOH solution. The carboxylate plane normal is now about 66degrees from sample normal, a much more upright orientation. Data indicate this reorientation may also cause a more upright orientation to the alkyl portion of the molecules. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Willey, TM (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM willey1@llnl.gov RI Willey, Trevor/A-8778-2011; OI Willey, Trevor/0000-0002-9667-8830; Meulenberg, Robert/0000-0003-2696-8792 NR 35 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 4 U2 22 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD JUN 8 PY 2004 VL 20 IS 12 BP 4939 EP 4944 DI 10.1021/la049868j PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 826RK UT WOS:000221846000026 PM 15984254 ER PT J AU Zhang, Z Fenter, P Cheng, L Sturchio, NC Bedzyk, MJ Predota, M Bandura, A Kubicki, JD Lvov, SN Cummings, PT Chialvo, AA Ridley, MK Benezeth, P Anovitz, L Palmer, DA Machesky, ML Wesolowski, DJ AF Zhang, Z Fenter, P Cheng, L Sturchio, NC Bedzyk, MJ Predota, M Bandura, A Kubicki, JD Lvov, SN Cummings, PT Chialvo, AA Ridley, MK Benezeth, P Anovitz, L Palmer, DA Machesky, ML Wesolowski, DJ TI Ion adsorption at the rutile-water interface: Linking molecular and macroscopic properties SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID RAY STANDING WAVES; PRIMARY CHARGING BEHAVIOR; METAL-OXIDE SURFACES; TRIPLE-LAYER MODEL; OBSERVED IN-SITU; DYNAMICS SIMULATION; SORPTION; 1ST-PRINCIPLES; REFLECTIVITY; DISSOCIATION AB A comprehensive picture of the interface between aqueous solutions and the (110) surface of rutile (alpha-TiO(2)) is being developed by combining molecular-scale and macroscopic approaches, including experimental measurements, quantum calculations, molecular simulations, and Gouy-Chapman-Stern models. In situ X-ray reflectivity and X-ray standing-wave measurements are used to define the atomic arrangement of adsorbed ions, the coordination of interfacial water molecules, and substrate surface termination and structure. Ab initio calculations and molecular dynamics simulations, validated through direct comparison with the X-ray results, are used to predict ion distributions not measured experimentally. Potentiometric titration and ion adsorption results for rutile powders having predominant (110) surface expression provide macroscopic constraints of electrical double layer (EDL) properties (e.g., proton release) which are evaluated by comparison with a three-layer EDL model including surface oxygen proton affinities calculated using ab initio bond lengths and partial charges. These results allow a direct correlation of the three-dimensional, crystallographically controlled arrangements of various species (H(2)O, Na(+), Rb(+), Ca(2+), Sr(2+), Zn(2+), Y(3+), Nd(3+)) with macroscopic observables (H(+) release, metal uptake, zeta potential) and thermodynamic/electrostatic constraints. All cations are found to be adsorbed as "inner sphere" species bonded directly to surface oxygen atoms, while the specific binding geometries and reaction stoichiometries are dependent on ionic radius. Ternary surface complexes of sorbed cations with electrolyte anions are not observed. Finally, surface oxygen proton affinities computed using the MUSIC model are improved by incorporation of ab initio bond lengths and hydrogen bonding information derived from MD simulations. This multitechnique and multiscale approach demonstrates the compatibility of bond-valence models of surface oxygen proton affinities and Stern-based models of the EDL structure, with the actual molecular interfacial distributions observed experimentally, revealing new insight into EDL properties including specific binding sites and hydration states of sorbed ions, interfacial solvent properties (structure, diffusivity, dielectric constant), surface protonation and hydrolysis, and the effect of solution ionic strength. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Northwestern Univ, Inst Environm Catalysis, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Chem Proc Fundamentals, CR-16502 Prague, Czech Republic. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. St Petersburg State Univ, St Petersburg, Russia. Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. Illinois State Water Survey, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. RP Fenter, P (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, ER-203, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM Fenter@anl.gov RI Zhang, Zhan/A-9830-2008; Bedzyk, Michael/B-7503-2009; Predota, Milan/A-2256-2009; Cheng, Likwan/C-1436-2013; Bedzyk, Michael/K-6903-2013; Bandura, Andrei/I-2702-2013; BENEZETH, Pascale/H-7969-2014; Kubicki, James/I-1843-2012; Anovitz, Lawrence/P-3144-2016; Cummings, Peter/B-8762-2013; OI Zhang, Zhan/0000-0002-7618-6134; Predota, Milan/0000-0003-3902-0992; Bandura, Andrei/0000-0003-2816-0578; BENEZETH, Pascale/0000-0002-1841-2383; Kubicki, James/0000-0002-9277-9044; Anovitz, Lawrence/0000-0002-2609-8750; Cummings, Peter/0000-0002-9766-2216; Chialvo, Ariel/0000-0002-6091-4563; Fenter, Paul/0000-0002-6672-9748 NR 70 TC 213 Z9 215 U1 12 U2 138 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD JUN 8 PY 2004 VL 20 IS 12 BP 4954 EP 4969 DI 10.1021/la0353834 PG 16 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 826RK UT WOS:000221846000028 PM 15984256 ER PT J AU Johnson, SB Yoon, TH Kocar, BD Brown, GE AF Johnson, SB Yoon, TH Kocar, BD Brown, GE TI Adsorption of organic matter at mineral/water interfaces. 2. Outer-sphere adsorption of maleate and implications for dissolution processes SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID BOEHMITE GAMMA-ALOOH; BENZENECARBOXYLATE SURFACE COMPLEXATION; GOETHITE (ALPHA-FEOOH)/WATER INTERFACE; INFRARED SPECTROSCOPIC ANALYSIS; AQUEOUS ALUMINA SUSPENSIONS; SOLID-SOLUTION INTERFACE; WATER INTERFACE; COORDINATION CHEMISTRY; PROMOTED DISSOLUTION; CARBOXYLIC-ACIDS AB The effects of the adsorption of a simple dicarboxylate low molecular weight organic anion, maleate, on the dissolution of a model aluminum oxide, corundum (alpha-Al2O3), have been examined over a range of different maleate concentrations (0.125-5.0 mM) and pH conditions (2-10). In situ attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopic measurements indicate that maleate binds predominantly as an outer-sphere, fully deprotonated complex (dropAlOH(2)(+)---Mal(2-)) at the corundum surface over the entire range of maleate concentrations and pH conditions investigated. In accordance with the ATR-FTIR findings, macroscopic adsorption data can be modeled as a function of maleate concentration and pH using an extended constant capacitance approach and a single dropAlOH(2)(+)---Mal(2-) species. Outersphere adsorption of maleate is found to significantly reduce the protolytic dissolution rate of corundum under acidic conditions (pH < 5). A likely mechanism involves steric protection of dissolution-active surface sites, whereby strong outer-sphere interactions with maleate hinder attack on those surface sites by dissolution-promoting species. C1 Stanford Univ, Dept Geol & Environm Sci, Surface & Aqueous Geochem Grp, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, SLAC, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Geol & Environm Sci, Soil & Environm Chem Grp, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Johnson, SB (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Geol & Environm Sci, Surface & Aqueous Geochem Grp, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM stephen.johnson@stanford.edu NR 87 TC 57 Z9 58 U1 5 U2 46 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD JUN 8 PY 2004 VL 20 IS 12 BP 4996 EP 5006 DI 10.1021/la036288y PG 11 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 826RK UT WOS:000221846000032 PM 15984260 ER PT J AU Sundrani, D Darling, SB Sibener, SJ AF Sundrani, D Darling, SB Sibener, SJ TI Hierarchical assembly and compliance of aligned nanoscale polymer cylinders in confinement SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID BLOCK-COPOLYMER LITHOGRAPHY; THIN-FILMS; ALIGNMENT; ORIENTATION AB We report a combined top-down/bottom-up hierarchical approach to fabricate massively parallel arrays of aligned nanoscale domains by means of the self-assembly of asymmetric polystyrene-block-poly(ethylene-alt-propylene) diblock copolymers. Silicon nitride grating substrates of various depths and periodicities are used to template the alignment of the high-aspect-ratio cylindrical polymer domains. Alignment is nucleated by polystyrene preferentially wetting the trough sidewalls and is thermally extended throughout the polymer film by defect annihilation. Topics discussed include a detailed analysis of the capacity of this system to accommodate lithographic defects and observations of alignment beyond the confined channel volumes. This graphoepitaxial methodology can be exploited in hybrid hard/soft condensed matter systems for a variety of applications. C1 Univ Chicago, James Franck Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Chem, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Sibener, SJ (reprint author), Univ Chicago, James Franck Inst, 5640 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. EM s-sibener@uchicago.edu NR 14 TC 141 Z9 141 U1 4 U2 41 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD JUN 8 PY 2004 VL 20 IS 12 BP 5091 EP 5099 DI 10.1021/la036123p PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 826RK UT WOS:000221846000044 PM 15984272 ER PT J AU Peterson, RB Fields, CL Gregg, BA AF Peterson, RB Fields, CL Gregg, BA TI Epitaxial chemical deposition of ZnO nanocolumns from NaOH SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID ZINC-OXIDE FILMS; THIN-FILM; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; GROWTH; ARRAY; SI AB A new method of depositing expitaxial ZnO nanocolumns on sputter-coated ZnO substrates is described that utilizes supersaturated zincate species in sodium hydroxide solutions and requires no complexing agents. Uniform arrays of columns are grown reproducibly over entire substrates in 10-50 min. Columns are 50-2000 nm long and 50-100 nm wide. Strict substrate cleaning and/or preparation was not necessary with this method, in contrast to many other techniques, probably because the high pH generates a reproducible surface. The interfacial properties of the substrate are critical to lowering the activation energy for columnar growth; therefore films grow only on substrates precoated with ZnO, not on bare glass or ITO- or SnO(2)-coated glass. Factors affecting the column growth are elucidated, and experimental observations are correlated with crystal growth theory. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Fields, CL (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM clark.fields@unco.edu; brian_gegg@nrel.gov NR 24 TC 227 Z9 230 U1 2 U2 55 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD JUN 8 PY 2004 VL 20 IS 12 BP 5114 EP 5118 DI 10.1021/la049683c PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 826RK UT WOS:000221846000048 PM 15984276 ER PT J AU Cruz, LR Legnani, C Matoso, IG Ferreira, CL Moutinho, HR AF Cruz, LR Legnani, C Matoso, IG Ferreira, CL Moutinho, HR TI Influence of pressure and annealing on the microstructural and electro-optical properties of RF magnetron sputtered ITO thin films SO MATERIALS RESEARCH BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE thin films; sputtering; microstructure; electrical properties; optical properties ID SUBSTRATE-TEMPERATURE; OXIDE; CRYSTALLIZATION; TARGET AB Indium tin oxide thin films were deposited at room temperature by RF magnetron sputtering, under different pressures, and annealed in vacuum (10(-6) Torr) in the 473-573 K temperature range. The microstructure of the films was analyzed in order to investigate its dependence on deposition pressure and annealing temperature. A correlation between microstructure and electro-optical properties was also established. Films produced at low pressures are crystalline and have higher conductivity than films deposited at high pressures. Films produced at high pressures are amorphous, but can be crystallized by annealing. With the increase in crystallinity, shifts of the absorption and plasma resonance edges to shorter wavelengths, attributed to an increase in carrier concentration, were observed at the transmittance spectra. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Inst Mil Engn, BR-22290270 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Cruz, LR (reprint author), Inst Mil Engn, Praca Gen Tiburcio 80, BR-22290270 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. EM leilacruz@ime.eb.br RI Legnani, Cristiano/A-8475-2008 NR 13 TC 40 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 12 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0025-5408 J9 MATER RES BULL JI Mater. Res. Bull. PD JUN 8 PY 2004 VL 39 IS 7-8 BP 993 EP 1003 DI 10.1016/j.mattersbull.2004.03.008 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 828WW UT WOS:000222005400015 ER PT J AU Srinivasan, SG Baskes, MI AF Srinivasan, SG Baskes, MI TI On the Lennard-Jones EAM potential SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE defects; free energy; gruneisen; many-body; melting; molecular dynamics ID EMBEDDED-ATOM-METHOD; CRYSTAL FLUID INTERFACE; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; CONDENSED MATTER; FREE-ENERGY; METALS; LIQUID; FCC; IMPURITIES; ENTROPY AB We describe a simple two-parameter analytic model, based on the embedded-atom-method formalism, that extends a short range Lennard-Jones potential into the many-body regime. We demonstrate that this is a first step toward a minimalist treatment of real materials with negligible angular forces. The ground-state structures in this model include all the common phases. In this framework, properties of a face-centred cubic (FCC) material such as temperature dependence of free energy, melting point, thermal expansion coefficients, Gruneisen parameters, elastic constants and defect properties are calculated as a function of the many-body parameters A and beta. These properties are then expressed as analytic functions of A and beta, as perturbations of the classical Lennard-Jones pair potential. Addition of the many-body effects to the classical Lennard-Jones pair potential brings the computed material properties to within the range of their experimental values for many FCC metals. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Struct Property Relat Grp MST8, Div Mat Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Srinivasan, SG (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Struct Property Relat Grp MST8, Div Mat Sci, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM sgsrini@lanl.gov; baskes@lanl.gov NR 41 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 9 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 1364-5021 EI 1471-2946 J9 P ROY SOC A-MATH PHY JI Proc. R. Soc. A-Math. Phys. Eng. Sci. PD JUN 8 PY 2004 VL 460 IS 2046 BP 1649 EP 1672 DI 10.1098/rspa.2003.1190 PG 24 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 825YP UT WOS:000221795400006 ER PT J AU Chan, YS Gray, LJ Kaplan, T Paulino, GH AF Chan, YS Gray, LJ Kaplan, T Paulino, GH TI Green's function for a two-dimensional exponentially graded elastic medium SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE functionally graded materials; Green's function; boundary-element methods ID STRESS INTENSITY FACTORS; NONHOMOGENEOUS MATERIALS; FRACTURE AB The free-space Green function for a two-dimensional exponentially graded elastic medium is derived. The shear modulus It is assumed to be an exponential function of the Cartesian coordinates (x, y), i.e. mu equivalent to mu(x, y) = mu(0)e(2(beta1x+beta2y)), where mu(0), beta(1) and beta(2) are material constants, and the Poisson ratio is assumed constant. The Green function is shown to consist of a singular part, involving modified Bessel functions. and a non-singular term. The non-singular component is expressed in terms of one-dimensional Fourier-type integrals that can be computed by the fast Fourier transform. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Newmark Lab, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Univ Texas Pan Amer, Dept Math, 1201 W Univ Dr, Edinburg, TX 78541 USA. EM chany@ornl.gov RI Paulino, Glaucio/A-2426-2008 NR 27 TC 61 Z9 61 U1 1 U2 7 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 1364-5021 EI 1471-2946 J9 P ROY SOC A-MATH PHY JI Proc. R. Soc. A-Math. Phys. Eng. Sci. PD JUN 8 PY 2004 VL 460 IS 2046 BP 1689 EP 1706 DI 10.1098/rspa.2003.1220 PG 18 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 825YP UT WOS:000221795400008 ER PT J AU San Marchi, C Despois, JF Mortensen, A AF San Marchi, C Despois, JF Mortensen, A TI Uniaxial deformation of open-cell aluminum foam: the role of internal damage SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE foams; mechanical properties; elastic behavior; mechanical properties; ductility; aluminum; damage ID TENSILE BEHAVIOR; METALLIC FOAMS; PLASTIC-FLOW; FRACTURE; MECHANISMS; COMPOSITE; EVOLUTION; ALLOYS AB Internal damage accumulation is measured and shown to play a role in the mechanical response of replicated pure Al and Al-12Si open-cell foams. This internal damage is quantified by measuring the reduction in the foam's stiffness with strain. The brittle Si second phase fractures during deformation of Al-12Si foam, resulting in damage accumulation rates an order of magnitude greater than for pure Al foam. Elementary damage mechanics is used to relate the measured rate of damage accumulation to the foam's tensile failure strain. The analysis and experimental results highlight in particular the strong embrittling influence of brittle second phases within the foam, such as Si. (C) 2004 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Mat, Lab Mech Met, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. RP San Marchi, C (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 969,MS-9402, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM cwsanma@sandia.gov RI Mortensen, Andreas/L-5078-2015 OI Mortensen, Andreas/0000-0002-8267-2008 NR 28 TC 68 Z9 68 U1 1 U2 11 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD JUN 7 PY 2004 VL 52 IS 10 BP 2895 EP 2902 DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2004.02.035 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 830LB UT WOS:000222122500005 ER PT J AU Sell, C Christensen, C Muehlmeier, J Tuttle, G Li, ZY Ho, KM AF Sell, C Christensen, C Muehlmeier, J Tuttle, G Li, ZY Ho, KM TI Waveguide networks in three-dimensional layer-by-layer photonic crystals SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID BENDS; SLABS AB Different types of waveguides and connections between them were fabricated in a three-dimensional (3D) layer-by-layer photonic crystal. The waveguides were formed by removing either a single rod or a series of rod fragments running in three mutually orthogonal directions. This provides the potential of forming a 3D network of waveguide channels with cross sectional dimensions on the order of one lattice constant. The propagation behavior of guided modes in these waveguide networks was probed using a network analyzer. High transmission efficiency (with loss below 0.5 dB) through various waveguide bends and networks with carefully designed geometries has been achieved. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ctr Microelect Res, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Iowa State Univ, Ctr Microelect Res, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM gtuttle@iastate.edu NR 16 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 7 PY 2004 VL 84 IS 23 BP 4605 EP 4607 DI 10.1063/1.1751212 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 824AV UT WOS:000221656900003 ER PT J AU Edge, LF Schlom, DG Brewer, RT Chabal, YJ Williams, JR Chambers, SA Hinkle, C Lucovsky, G Yang, Y Stemmer, S Copel, M Hollander, B Schubert, J AF Edge, LF Schlom, DG Brewer, RT Chabal, YJ Williams, JR Chambers, SA Hinkle, C Lucovsky, G Yang, Y Stemmer, S Copel, M Hollander, B Schubert, J TI Suppression of subcutaneous oxidation during the deposition of amorphous lanthanum aluminate on silicon SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ALTERNATIVE GATE DIELECTRICS; ATOMIC-BEAM DEPOSITION; HIGH-K DIELECTRICS; OXIDE THIN-FILMS; HIGH-QUALITY; SI; LAALO3; GROWTH; LAYER; SI(100) AB Amorphous LaAlO3 thin films have been deposited by molecular beam deposition directly on silicon without detectable oxidation of the underlying substrate. We have studied these abrupt interfaces by Auger electron spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, medium-energy ion scattering, transmission infrared absorption spectroscopy, and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Together these techniques indicate that the films are fully oxidized and have less than 0.2 A of SiO2 at the interface between the amorphous LaAlO3 and silicon. These heterostructures are being investigated for alternative gate dielectric applications and provide an opportunity to control the interface between the silicon and the gate dielectric. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Chem, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Dept Biomed Engn & Phys, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental Sci Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. IBM Corp, Thomas J Watson Res Ctr, Yorktown Hts, NY 10598 USA. Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Schichten & Grenzflachen ISGIIT, D-52425 Julich, Germany. Forschungszentrum Julich, Ctr Nanoelect Syst Informat Technol, D-52425 Julich, Germany. RP Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM schlom@ems.psu.edu RI Hinkle, Christopher/B-8412-2008; Stemmer, Susanne/H-6555-2011; Chabal, Yves/A-5998-2011; Schlom, Darrell/J-2412-2013; Schubert, Jurgen/K-9543-2013; OI Stemmer, Susanne/0000-0002-3142-4696; Chabal, Yves/0000-0002-6435-0347; Schlom, Darrell/0000-0003-2493-6113; Schubert, Jurgen/0000-0003-0185-6794; Copel, Matt/0000-0002-7729-2748 NR 27 TC 76 Z9 77 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 7 PY 2004 VL 84 IS 23 BP 4629 EP 4631 DI 10.1063/1.1759065 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 824AV UT WOS:000221656900011 ER PT J AU Li, ZY Lin, LL Ho, KM AF Li, ZY Lin, LL Ho, KM TI Light coupling with multimode photonic crystal waveguides SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID BENDS; TRANSMISSION AB We use a transfer-matrix method (TMM) to investigate light coupling into and out of single-end multimode photonic crystal waveguides. Without multiple-reflection complexity, this approach allows for unambiguous quantitative determination of the coupling efficiency of external light into each guided mode and transition among various guided modes. The TMM can provide a powerful analytical tool to understand and design complex multimode photonic crystal waveguides. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Beijing 100080, Peoples R China. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Phys, POB 603, Beijing 100080, Peoples R China. EM lizy@aphy.iphy.ac.cn NR 17 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 7 PY 2004 VL 84 IS 23 BP 4699 EP 4701 DI 10.1063/1.1760596 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 824AV UT WOS:000221656900035 ER PT J AU Yen, BK Schwickert, BE Toney, MF AF Yen, BK Schwickert, BE Toney, MF TI Origin of low-friction behavior in graphite investigated by surface x-ray diffraction SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID WEAR; CARBON; LUBRICATION AB Contrary to popular belief, the slipperiness of graphite is not an intrinsic property. The presence of vapors, such as water, is required for graphite to lubricate; in vacuum or dry environments, the friction and wear rate of graphite are high. A widely accepted explanation involves weakening of the binding force between basal planes near the surface, thereby allowing these planes to shear easily. This weakening results from proposed chemisorption or intercalation of vapor molecules near the surface, leading to an increase in the interlayer spacing between near-surface basal planes. Here we use x-ray diffraction from a synchrotron source to show that the basal plane spacing at the surface is the same in vacuum, ambient air, or water vapor saturated air. These results refute this long-held view that the low friction behavior of graphite is due to shearing of weakened basal planes. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 IBM Corp, Almaden Res Ctr, San Jose, CA 95120 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Yen, BK (reprint author), Hitachi GST San Jose Res Ctr, 650 Harry Rd, San Jose, CA 95120 USA. EM bing.yen@hgst.com NR 18 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 7 PY 2004 VL 84 IS 23 BP 4702 EP 4704 DI 10.1063/1.1760597 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 824AV UT WOS:000221656900036 ER PT J AU Majumdar, A Reddy, P AF Majumdar, A Reddy, P TI Role of electron-phonon coupling in thermal conductance of metal-nonmetal interfaces SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID KAPITZA CONDUCTANCE; TEMPERATURES; FEMTOSECOND; TRANSPORT AB We theoretically show that the thermal conductance associated with electron-phonon coupling in a metal near a metal-nonmetal interface can be estimated as h(ep)=rootGk(p), where G is the volumetric electron-phonon coupling constant and k(p) is the phonon or lattice thermal conductivity of the metal. The expression suggests h(ep)approximate to1/rootT at temperatures comparable to the Debye temperature of the metal. The predicted values of h(ep) fall within the range of conductance values experimentally observed (0.3-1 GW/m(2) K), suggesting that it cannot be ignored, and could even play a dominant role at high temperatures. Predictions of the total thermal conductance, that include both electron-phonon and phonon-phonon interfacial conductances, show reasonable agreement in its temperature dependence with experimental data for TiN/MgO interfaces. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Appl Sci & Technol Program, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM majumdar@me.berkeley.edu NR 18 TC 204 Z9 210 U1 10 U2 58 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 7 PY 2004 VL 84 IS 23 BP 4768 EP 4770 DI 10.1063/1.1758301 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 824AV UT WOS:000221656900058 ER PT J AU Nersessian, N Or, SW Carman, GP McCall, SK Choe, W Radousky, HB McElfresh, MW Pecharsky, VK Pecharsky, AO AF Nersessian, N Or, SW Carman, GP McCall, SK Choe, W Radousky, HB McElfresh, MW Pecharsky, VK Pecharsky, AO TI Gd5Si2Ge2 composite for magnetostrictive actuator applications SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC REFRIGERATION; SINGLE-CRYSTAL; GD-5(SI2GE2) AB A composite system containing particles of Gd5Si2Ge2, which exhibit a colossal magnetic-field-induced strain, has been prepared. The composite is manufactured by embedding ball-milled Gd5Si2Ge2 particles with a size distribution of <600 mum in a resin matrix. The thermally induced volume strain in the composite resulting from phase transformation is found to be 1300 ppm. The magnetically induced linear strain resulting from phase transformation is also measured, from which the volume strain is deduced to be 1650 ppm. The volume strain from the composite is significantly lower than phase transformation strain of the bulk Gd5Si2Ge2 (8000 ppm) and is mainly attributed to nonalignment of the particles in the matrix. An analytical model for a 1-3 composite (particles aligned in a single direction in a polymer matrix) and a 0-3 composite (particles dispersed randomly in a polymer matrix) predicts significantly higher strains in a 1-3 composite. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Carman, GP (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Engn 4, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM carman@seas.ucla.edu RI Or, Siu Wing/A-3608-2010; Choe, Wonyoung/H-8495-2012; McCall, Scott/G-1733-2014 OI Choe, Wonyoung/0000-0003-0957-1187; McCall, Scott/0000-0002-7979-4944 NR 20 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 7 PY 2004 VL 84 IS 23 BP 4801 EP 4803 DI 10.1063/1.1760891 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 824AV UT WOS:000221656900069 ER PT J AU Pohl, R Aldakov, D Kubat, P Jursikova, K Marquez, M Anzenbacher, P AF Pohl, R Aldakov, D Kubat, P Jursikova, K Marquez, M Anzenbacher, P TI Strategies toward improving the performance of fluorescence-based sensors for inorganic anions SO CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID RESONANCE ENERGY-TRANSFER; MOLECULAR WIRE APPROACH; SIGNAL AMPLIFICATION; CONJUGATED POLYMER; RECEPTORS; PROTEIN AB Two methods for improving signal transduction in simple fluorescence-based anion sensors utilizing resonance energy transfer or exciton delocalization method are described and their use in amplified anion sensing is demonstrated. C1 Bowling Green State Univ, Dept Chem, Bowling Green, OH 43403 USA. Bowling Green State Univ, Ctr Photochem Sci, Bowling Green, OH 43403 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Anzenbacher, P (reprint author), Bowling Green State Univ, Dept Chem, Bowling Green, OH 43403 USA. EM pavel@bgnet.bgsu.edu RI Kubat, Pavel/H-3655-2011 OI Kubat, Pavel/0000-0002-7861-9212 NR 19 TC 42 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 3 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1359-7345 J9 CHEM COMMUN JI Chem. Commun. PD JUN 7 PY 2004 IS 11 BP 1282 EP 1283 DI 10.1039/b315268e PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 831GB UT WOS:000222181800010 PM 15154037 ER PT J AU Pandey, S Redden, RA Fletcher, KA Sasaki, DV Kaifer, AE Baker, GA AF Pandey, S Redden, RA Fletcher, KA Sasaki, DV Kaifer, AE Baker, GA TI Generation and pH dependent superquenching of poly(amido) carboxlate dendrons hosting a single "focal point" pyrene SO CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID ENERGY-TRANSFER; DANSYL UNITS; DENDRIMERS; IONS AB Both pH and generation number play deterministic roles in the luminescence quenching efficiency of analytes toward a series of water-soluble, monopyrenyl poly(amido) carboxylate dendrons, with clear implications toward switchable or programmable chemosensors. C1 New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Dept Chem, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Biomol Mat & Interface Sci Dept, MS 1413, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Univ Miami, Dept Chem, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Pandey, S (reprint author), New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Dept Chem, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. EM pandey@nmt.edu; gabaker@lanl.gov RI Baker, Gary/H-9444-2016 OI Baker, Gary/0000-0002-3052-7730 NR 18 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1359-7345 J9 CHEM COMMUN JI Chem. Commun. PD JUN 7 PY 2004 IS 11 BP 1318 EP 1319 DI 10.1039/b403477 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 831GB UT WOS:000222181800028 PM 15154055 ER PT J AU Dorogov, KY Dumont, E Ho, NN Churakov, AV Kuzmina, LG Poblet, JM Schultz, AJ Howard, JAK Bau, R Lledos, A Nikonov, GI AF Dorogov, KY Dumont, E Ho, NN Churakov, AV Kuzmina, LG Poblet, JM Schultz, AJ Howard, JAK Bau, R Lledos, A Nikonov, GI TI Neutron and X-ray diffraction studies and DFT calculations of asymmetric bis(silyl) niobocene hydrides SO ORGANOMETALLICS LA English DT Article ID NONCLASSICAL INTERLIGAND INTERACTIONS; SI INTERACTIONS; SIGMA-BONDS; COMPLEXES AB The first asymmetric bis(silyl) niobocene hydrides Cp2Nb(SiHMe2)H(SiXMe2) (2: X = F (a), Cl (b), Br (c), I (d)), having interligand interactions Nb-(HSi)-Si-...-X, were prepared by selective halogenation of the Si-H bond in Cp2Nb(SiHMe2)(2)H. X-ray studies of 2b,c and a combined X-ray/neutron diffraction study of 2b establish a slightly stronger interaction of the niobium-bound hydride with the halosilyl ligand. C1 Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Dept Chem, Moscow 119992, Russia. Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Dept Quim, Bellaterra 08193, Spain. Univ So Calif, Dept Chem, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. RAS, Inst Gen & Inorgan Chem, Moscow 119991, Russia. Univ Rovira & Virgili, Dept Quim Fis & Inorgan, Tarragona 43005, Spain. Argonne Natl Lab, Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Durham, Dept Chem, Durham DH1 3LE, England. RP Bau, R (reprint author), Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Dept Chem, Moscow 119992, Russia. EM bau@almaak.usc.edu; agusti@klingon.uab.es; nikonov@org.chem.msu.su RI Dumont, Elise/A-9711-2010; Howard, Judith /H-7113-2012; Lledos, Agusti/I-4936-2012; Churakov, Andrei/N-9225-2015; Poblet, Josep M./A-2739-2008 OI Dumont, Elise/0000-0002-2359-111X; Lledos, Agusti/0000-0001-7909-422X; Poblet, Josep M./0000-0002-4533-0623 NR 24 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0276-7333 J9 ORGANOMETALLICS JI Organometallics PD JUN 7 PY 2004 VL 23 IS 12 BP 2845 EP 2847 DI 10.1021/om034239a PG 3 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 825QR UT WOS:000221773600006 ER PT J AU Cameron, TM Gordon, JC Scott, BL AF Cameron, TM Gordon, JC Scott, BL TI Synthesis and characterization of (mono)pentamethylcyclopentadienyl lutetium complexes: Formation of bipyridyl-stabilized alkyls, anilides, and terminal acetylides SO ORGANOMETALLICS LA English DT Article ID CARBON BOND FORMATION; RARE-EARTH-METALS; AMIDO-CYCLOPENTADIENYL LIGAND; ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY; STRUCTURAL-CHARACTERIZATION; POLYMERIZATION CATALYSTS; STERIC UNSATURATION; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES; LANTHANIDES; REACTIVITY AB The alkyl complex [Lu(CH2SiMe3)(3)(THF)(2)] reacts with pentamethylcyclopentadiene (Cp*H), giving [CP*Lu(CH2SiMe3)(2)(THF)] (1). Complex 1 reacts with 1,2-dimethoxyethane (DME), affording [Cp*Lu(CH2SiMe3)(2)(DME)] (2). Complex 1 also reacts with 2,2'-bipyridine (bipy) to give [Cp*Lu(CH2SiMe3)(2)(bipy)] (3). The dialkyl complex 3 reacts with 1.0 equiv of 2,6-diisopropylaniline to give the mixed alkyl-anilide [Cp*Lu(NHAr)(CH2SiMe3)(bipy)] (4) (Ar = 2,6-Pri(2)C(6)H(3)) and the bis(anilide) [Cp*Lu(NHAr)(2)(bipy)] (5) in a 1.0:0.09 ratio. Complex 5 can be independently synthesized in high yield by treatment of 3 with 2.0 equiv of 2,6-diisopropylaniline or 4 with 1.0 equiv of 2,6-diisopropylaniline. Complex 3 also reacts with 2.0 equiv of phenylacetylene to afford dimeric [{Cp*Lu(CCPh)(bipy)}(2)(mu-eta(2) : eta(2)-PhC4Ph)] . 2(C6H6) (6). Complex 6 reacts with THF and pyridine (py), giving terminal (bis)acetylide complexes [Cp*Lu(CCPh)(2)(bipy)(THF)] (7) and [Cp*Lu(CCPh)(2)(bipy)(py)] (8), respectively. The solid-state structures of 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, and 8 are reported. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Cameron, TM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, MS J514, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RI Scott, Brian/D-8995-2017 OI Scott, Brian/0000-0003-0468-5396 NR 44 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0276-7333 J9 ORGANOMETALLICS JI Organometallics PD JUN 7 PY 2004 VL 23 IS 12 BP 2995 EP 3002 DI 10.1021/om0497700 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 825QR UT WOS:000221773600026 ER PT J AU Malwitz, MM Dundigalla, A Ferreiro, V Butler, PD Henk, MC Schmidt, G AF Malwitz, MM Dundigalla, A Ferreiro, V Butler, PD Henk, MC Schmidt, G TI Layered structures of shear-oriented and multilayered PEO/silicate nanocomposite films SO PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID POLYMER-CLAY SOLUTIONS; ANGLE NEUTRON-SCATTERING; ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; POLY(ETHYLENE OXIDE); FLOW-BIREFRINGENCE; THERMAL/MECHANICAL PROPERTIES; ELECTRICAL CHARACTERIZATION; MELT INTERCALATION; ORIENTATION; PHASE AB The structure and orientation of polymer and clay platelets in multilayered, micrometer-thick nanocomposite films was investigated by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), optical microscopy and small-angle neutron scattering (SANS). Microscopic and scattering methods complementarily measured the morphology and shear-induced orientation of polymer and platelets in films when spread layer by layer from a network-like polymer clay solution. During the drying process, the polymer clay network collapsed and clay platelets oriented inside the network with the clay surface normal perpendicular to the spread direction (x-y plane). On nanometer length scales, SANS and AFM yielded structure and orientation of platelets and polymer in and perpendicular to the spread direction of the film. SEM investigations led to the observation of unexpected morphology on the micron length scale. SEM did not detect boundaries between single spread, micron-thick film layers but. surprisingly. showed a highly ordered and layered structure of the film. Polarized light microscopy showed differences in birefringence in each plane. C1 Louisiana State Univ, Dept Chem, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. Univ Sci & Technol Lille, CNRS, UMR 8008, Lab Struct & Properties Etat Solide, Villeneuve Dascq, France. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Malwitz, MM (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Dept Chem, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM gudrun@LSU.edu RI Butler, Paul/D-7368-2011 NR 52 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 11 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1463-9076 J9 PHYS CHEM CHEM PHYS JI Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. PD JUN 7 PY 2004 VL 6 IS 11 BP 2977 EP 2982 DI 10.1039/b401892c PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 833RW UT WOS:000222357600029 ER PT J AU Zeng, GSL Gullberg, GT AF Zeng, GSL Gullberg, GT TI Cone-beam and fan-beam image reconstruction algorithms based on spherical and circular harmonics SO PHYSICS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fully Three-Dimensional Reconstruction in Radiation and Nuclear Medicine CY JUN 30-JUL 04, 2003 CL Saint Malo, FRANCE ID LINE INTEGRALS; SPECT AB A cone-beam image reconstruction algorithm using spherical harmonic expansions is proposed. The reconstruction algorithm is in the form of a summation of inner products of two discrete arrays of spherical harmonic expansion coefficients at each cone-beam point of acquisition. This form is different from the common filtered backprojection algorithm and the direct Fourier reconstruction algorithm. There is no re-sampling of the data, and spherical harmonic expansions are used instead of Fourier expansions. As a special case, a new fan-beam image reconstruction algorithm is also derived in terms of a circular harmonic expansion. Computer simulation results for both cone-beam and fan-beam algorithms are presented for circular planar orbit acquisitions. The algorithms give accurate reconstructions; however, the implementation of the cone-beam reconstruction algorithm is computationally intensive. A relatively efficient algorithm is proposed for reconstructing the central slice of the image when a circular scanning orbit is used. C1 Univ Utah, Utah Ctr Adv Imaging Res, Salt Lake City, UT 84108 USA. EO Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Zeng, GSL (reprint author), Univ Utah, Utah Ctr Adv Imaging Res, 729 Arapeen Dr, Salt Lake City, UT 84108 USA. EM larry@ucair.med.utah.edu; gtgullberg@lbl.gov FU NCI NIH HHS [R21-CA100181]; NIBIB NIH HHS [R01-EB00121] NR 17 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0031-9155 J9 PHYS MED BIOL JI Phys. Med. Biol. PD JUN 7 PY 2004 VL 49 IS 11 BP 2239 EP 2256 AR PII S0031-9155(04)70992-6 DI 10.1088/0031-9155/49/11/009 PG 18 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 831SQ UT WOS:000222216800010 PM 15248575 ER PT J AU Smith, MF Raylmann, RR Majewski, S Weisenberger, AG AF Smith, MF Raylmann, RR Majewski, S Weisenberger, AG TI Positron emission mammography with tomographic acquisition using dual planar detectors: initial evaluations SO PHYSICS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fully Three-Dimensional Reconstruction in Radiation and Nuclear Medicine CY JUN 30-JUL 04, 2003 CL Saint Malo, FRANCE ID BREAST-CANCER; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; PEM; RECONSTRUCTION; RESOLUTION; SCANNERS; SCATTER; PHANTOM; DESIGN; CAMERA AB Positron emission mammography (PEM) with tomographic acquisition using dual planar detectors rotating about the breast can obtain complete angular sampling and has the potential to improve activity estimation compared with PEM using stationary detectors. PEM tomography (PEMT) was compared with stationary PEM for point source and compressed breast phantom studies performed with a compact dual detector system. The acquisition geometries were appropriate for the target application of PEM guidance of stereotactic core biopsy. Images were reconstructed with a three-dimensional iterative maximum likelihood expectation maximization algorithm. PEMT eliminated blurring normal to the detectors seen with stationary PEM. Depth of interaction effects distorted the shape of the point spread functions for PEMT as the angular range from normal incidence of lines of response used in image reconstruction increased. Streak artefacts in PEMT for large detector rotation increments led to the development of an expression for the maximum rotation increment that maintains complete angular sampling. Studies with a compressed breast phantom were used to investigate contrast and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) trade-offs for different sized spherical tumour models. PEMT and PEM both had advantages depending on lesion size and detector separation. The most appropriate acquisition method for specific detection or quantitation tasks requires additional investigation. C1 Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. W Virginia Univ, Dept Radiol, Ctr Adv Imaging, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. RP Smith, MF (reprint author), Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. EM mfsmith@jlaob.org FU NCI NIH HHS [R01 CA094196] NR 28 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0031-9155 J9 PHYS MED BIOL JI Phys. Med. Biol. PD JUN 7 PY 2004 VL 49 IS 11 BP 2437 EP 2452 AR PII S0031-9155(04)70995-1 DI 10.1088/0031-9155/49/11/022 PG 16 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 831SQ UT WOS:000222216800023 PM 15248588 ER PT J AU Chang, JH Shim, CH Kim, KJ Liu, J AF Chang, JH Shim, CH Kim, KJ Liu, J TI A step-growth model for molecular mechanisms of monolayer formation in ordered nanoporous channels SO CHEMISTRY LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FUNCTIONALIZED MONOLAYERS AB The work describes the direct evidence of a new step-growth mechanism in which the silane molecules are first deposited in the wide region of the mesoporous surface. When the wide pore region is filled, the silane molecules begin to deposit in the narrow pore region. The pore size in the wide region and narrow region change alternatively and discretely in accordance with the step-growth mechanism and the molecular size of the silane. C1 Korea Inst Ceram Engn & Technol, Seoul 153801, South Korea. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Chang, JH (reprint author), Korea Inst Ceram Engn & Technol, Seoul 153801, South Korea. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU CHEMICAL SOC JAPAN PI TOKYO PA 1-5 KANDA-SURUGADAI CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO, 101-8307, JAPAN SN 0366-7022 EI 1348-0715 J9 CHEM LETT JI Chem. Lett. PD JUN 5 PY 2004 VL 33 IS 6 BP 722 EP 723 DI 10.1246/cl.2004.722 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 830WQ UT WOS:000222155300040 ER PT J AU Comstock, JM Ackerman, TP Turner, DD AF Comstock, JM Ackerman, TP Turner, DD TI Evidence of high ice supersaturation in cirrus clouds using ARM Raman lidar measurements SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID WATER-VAPOR MEASUREMENTS; RELATIVE-HUMIDITY; UPPER TROPOSPHERE; RADIATION; EVOLUTION; NORTHERN; REGIONS AB Water vapor amounts in the upper troposphere are crucial to understanding the radiative feedback of cirrus clouds on the Earth's climate. We use a unique, year-long dataset of water vapor mixing ratio inferred from ground-based Raman lidar measurements to study the role of ice supersaturation in ice nucleation processes. We find that ice supersaturation occurs 31% of the time in over 300,000 data points. We also examine the distribution of ice supersaturation with height and find that in the uppermost portion of a cloud layer, the air is ice supersaturated 43% of the time. These measurements show that large ice supersaturation is common in cirrus clouds, which supports the theory of ice forming homogeneously. Given the continuous nature of these Raman lidar measurements, our results have important implications for studying ice nucleation processes using cloud microphysical models. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Comstock, JM (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM jennifer.comstock@pnl.gov OI Jakob, Christian/0000-0002-5012-3207 NR 21 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JUN 5 PY 2004 VL 31 IS 11 AR L11106 DI 10.1029/2004GL019705 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 828DI UT WOS:000221952800004 ER PT J AU Jacob, GC Fellers, JF Starbuck, JM Simunovic, S AF Jacob, GC Fellers, JF Starbuck, JM Simunovic, S TI Crashworthiness of automotive composite material systems SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE composites; fibers; resins ID ENERGY-ABSORPTION CAPABILITY; CRUSHING CHARACTERISTICS; TUBES; FIBER; EPOXY; BEHAVIOR; SECTIONS AB The energy absorption capability of a composite material is important in developing improved human safety in an automotive crash. In passenger vehicles, the ability to absorb impact energy and be survivable for the occupant is called the crashworthiness of the structure. The crashworthiness in terms of the specific energy absorption (SEA) of a chopped carbon fiber (CCF) composite material system was compared with that of other fiber resin systems such as graphite/epoxy cross-ply laminates (CP#1 and CP#2), a graphite/epoxy-braided material system (0), and a glass-reinforced continuous-strand mat (CSM). The quantity of these material systems needed to ensure passenger safety in a midsize car traveling at various velocities was calculated and compared. The SEA of the chopped carbon fiber composite material was the highest compared to that of all the other composites investigated. It was calculated that only 4.27 kg of it would need to be placed at specific places in the car to ensure passenger safety in the event of a crash at 15.5 m/s (35 mph). This clearly led to an important practical conclusion that only a reasonable amount of this composite material is required to meet the necessary impact performance standard. The CCF composite tested at 5 mm/min crushing speed met both the criteria that need to be satisfied before a material is deemed highly crashworthy: A high magnitude of energy absorption and a safe allowable rate of this energy absorption. (C) 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Polymer Matrix Composites Grp, Met & Ceram Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Mat Sci Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Jacob, GC (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 434 Dougherty Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM gjacob@utk.edu RI Starbuck, James/E-1442-2017 OI Starbuck, James/0000-0002-3814-9156 NR 44 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 4 U2 24 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0021-8995 J9 J APPL POLYM SCI JI J. Appl. Polym. Sci. PD JUN 5 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 5 BP 3218 EP 3225 DI 10.1002/app.20336 PG 8 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 811GC UT WOS:000220759400057 ER PT J AU Paller, MH Jagoe, CH Bennett, H Brant, HA Bowers, JA AF Paller, MH Jagoe, CH Bennett, H Brant, HA Bowers, JA TI Influence of methylmercury from tributary streams on mercury levels in Savannah River Asiatic clams SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE methylmercury; mercury; Corbicula; streams; wetlands; Savannah River ID INORGANIC MERCURY; CORBICULA-FLUMINEA; METHYLATION; CADMIUM; LAKES; MISSISSIPPI; SYSTEMS; INPUTS; PH AB Average methylmercury levels in five Savannah River tributary streams, sampled 11 times over 2 years (0.170 ng/l), were nearly twice as high as in the Savannah River (0.085 ng/l). Total mercury levels in the tributaries (2.98 ng/l) did not differ significantly from the river (2.59 ng/l). All of the tributaries drained extensive wetlands that would be expected to support comparatively high rates of methylation. Mercury concentrations in Asiatic clams (Corbicula fluminea) collected from the discharge plumes of Savannah River tributaries (average of 0.044 mug/g wet weight) were significantly (P<0.001) higher than in Asiatic clams collected from the Savannah River upstream from the tributary mouths (average of 0.017 mug/g wet weight). These results indicate that streams draining wetlands into coastal plain rivers can create localized areas of elevated methylmercury with resulting increases in the mercury levels of river biota. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Environm Anal Sect, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. Univ S Carolina, Dept Biol, Aiken, SC 29803 USA. RP Paller, MH (reprint author), Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Environm Anal Sect, Bldg 773-42A,Savannah River Site, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. EM michael.paller@srs.gov NR 28 TC 13 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD JUN 5 PY 2004 VL 325 IS 1-3 BP 209 EP 219 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2003.11.008 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 824YI UT WOS:000221722700018 PM 15144790 ER PT J AU Li, HP Martin, RB Harruff, BA Carino, RA Allard, LF Sun, YP AF Li, HP Martin, RB Harruff, BA Carino, RA Allard, LF Sun, YP TI Single-walled carbon nanotubes tethered with porphyrins: Synthesis and photophysical properties SO ADVANCED MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS; INTRAMOLECULAR ELECTRON-TRANSFER; CONJUGATED POLYMERS; CHAIN-LENGTH; FUNCTIONALIZATION; LUMINESCENCE; COMPOSITES; SURFACES; PYRENES C1 Clemson Univ, Dept Chem, Howard L Hunter Chem Lab, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, High Temp Mat Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Sun, YP (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Chem, Howard L Hunter Chem Lab, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. EM syaping@CLEMSON.EDU RI Li, Huaping/E-1456-2011 NR 38 TC 134 Z9 139 U1 2 U2 33 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0935-9648 J9 ADV MATER JI Adv. Mater. PD JUN 4 PY 2004 VL 16 IS 11 BP 896 EP 900 DI 10.1002/adma.200306288 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 835XH UT WOS:000222518300010 ER PT J AU Silver, GL AF Silver, GL TI Analysis of three-dimensional grids: the eight-point cube SO APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTATION LA English DT Article DE cube; operational equations; response surface; quadratic coefficient; shifting operator ID DIAMOND CONFIGURATION AB It is widely believed that quadratic coefficients cannot be estimated from eight data in cubical array. This paper illustrates the estimation of those coefficients by means of by operational equations. The coefficients are compared to the quadratic coefficients obtained by Taylor expansion of the functions generating the data. The agreement may be sufficient to interest experimentalists. (C) 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Silver, GL (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663,MS E502, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM gsilver@lanl.gov NR 5 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0096-3003 J9 APPL MATH COMPUT JI Appl. Math. Comput. PD JUN 4 PY 2004 VL 153 IS 2 BP 467 EP 473 DI 10.1016/S0096-3003(03)00647-7 PG 7 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA 831JP UT WOS:000222191000014 ER PT J AU Natarajan, P Forte, TM Chu, B Phillips, MC Oram, JF Bielicki, JK AF Natarajan, P Forte, TM Chu, B Phillips, MC Oram, JF Bielicki, JK TI Identification of an apolipoprotein A-I structural element that mediates cellular cholesterol efflux and stabilizes ATP binding cassette transporter A1 SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID HIGH-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; CORONARY HEART-DISEASE; TANGIER-DISEASE; LIPID EFFLUX; APOA-I; HELICAL PEPTIDES; ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY; SYNTHETIC PEPTIDES; PEST SEQUENCE; ABCA1 AB Synthetic peptides were used in this study to identify a structural element of apolipoprotein (apo) A-I that stimulates cellular cholesterol efflux and stabilizes the ATP binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1). Peptides (22-mers) based on helices 1 (amino acids 44-65) and 10 (amino acids 220-241) of apoA-I had high lipid binding affinity but failed to mediate ABCA1-dependent cholesterol efflux, and they lacked the ability to stabilize ABCA1. The addition of helix 9 (amino acids 209-219) to either helix 1 (creates a 1/9 chimera) or 10 (9/10 peptide) endowed cholesterol efflux capability and ABCA1 stabilization activity similar to full-length apoA-I. Adding helix 9 to helix 1 or 10 had only a small effect on lipid binding affinity compared with the 22-mer peptides, indicating that helix length and/or determinants on the polar surface of the amphipathic alpha-helices is important for cholesterol efflux. Cholesterol efflux was specific for the structure created by the 1/9 and 9/10 helical combinations, as 33-mers composed of helices 1 and 3 (1/3), 2/9, and 4/9 failed to mediate cholesterol efflux in an ABCA1-dependent manner. Transposing helices 9 and 10 (10/9 peptide) did not change the class Y structure, hydrophobicity, or amphiphilicity of the helical combination, but the topography of negatively charged amino acids on the polar surface was altered, and the 10/9 peptide neither mediated ABCA1-dependent cholesterol efflux nor stabilized ABCA1 protein. These results suggest that a specific structural element possessing a linear array of acidic residues spanning two apoA-I amphipathic alpha-helices is required to mediate cholesterol efflux and stabilize ABCA1. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Donner Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Lipid Res Grp, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Med Endocrinol & Nutr, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Bielicki, JK (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Donner Lab, MS1-224,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM Jkbielicki@lbl.gov OI Natarajan, Pradeep/0000-0001-8402-7435 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL059483, HL18645, HL22633, HL55362, HL55493] NR 46 TC 52 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD JUN 4 PY 2004 VL 279 IS 23 BP 24044 EP 24052 DI 10.1074/jbc.M400561200 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 824RA UT WOS:000221702500026 PM 15051721 ER PT J AU Gritti, F Guiochon, G AF Gritti, F Guiochon, G TI Role of the buffer in retention and adsorption mechanism of ionic species in reversed-phase liquid chromatography - I. Analytical and overloaded band profiles on Kromasil-C-18 SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article DE retention mechanism; adsorption isotherms; buffer composition; frontal analysis; band profiles; Kromasil-C-18 stationary phase; salt effects; ionic strength; propranolol ID WATER MOBILE PHASES; IONIZABLE COMPOUNDS; ORGANIC-SOLVENT; PH VALUES; ISOTHERM; PERFORMANCE; HPLC; REPRODUCIBILITY; REPEATABILITY; ACIDS AB The influence of the pH, the concentration, and the nature of the buffer on the retention and overloading behavior of propranolol (pK(a) = 9.25) on Kromasil-C-18 was studied at 2.75 < pH < 6.75, using four buffers (phosphate, acetate, phthalate, and succinate), at three concentrations, 6, 20, and 60 mM. The propranolol band profiles were recorded for three sample sizes, less than 1 mug and 375 mug (sample less concentrated than the buffer), and 7500 mug (band more concentrated than the buffer). Results showed that the buffer concentration, not its pH, controls the retention time of propranolol, in agreement with the chaotropic model. The retention factor depends also on the nature of the buffer, particularly the valence of the basic anion. At moderate loading, the band profiles are well accounted for by a simple bilangmuir model (no adsorbate-adsorbate interactions) with the monovalent anions H2PO4- (pH 2.75), HOOC-Ph-COO- (pH 2.75), HOOC-CH2-CH2-COO- (pH 4.16) and CH3COO- (pH 4.75), and by a bimoreau model (significant adsorbate-adsorbate interactions) with the bivalent anions -OOC-Ph-COO- (pH 4.75), -OOC-CH2-CH2-COO- (pH 5.61) and HPO42- (pH 6.75). The isotherm were determined using the inverse method. The results show that both the saturation capacity and the equilibrium constant on the low-energy sites increase with increasing buffer concentration, a result similar to that observed with neutral salts. For bivalent anions, the adsorbate-adsorbate interactions are much stronger on the low than on the high energy sites. The density of high energy sites is lower and the equilibrium constant on the low energy sites are higher with bivalent than with univalent anions. These results are consistent with the formation of a propranolol-buffer (2: 1) complex with bivalent anions. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Guiochon, G (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM guiochon@utk.edu NR 34 TC 58 Z9 59 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD JUN 4 PY 2004 VL 1038 IS 1-2 BP 53 EP 66 DI 10.1016/j.chroma.2004.03.036 PG 14 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 824SZ UT WOS:000221708200008 PM 15233521 ER PT J AU Samoilenko, AM Prykarpatsky, YA Taneri, U Prykarpatsky, AK Blackmore, DL AF Samoilenko, AM Prykarpatsky, YA Taneri, U Prykarpatsky, AK Blackmore, DL TI A geometrical approach to quantum holonomic computing algorithms SO MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTERS IN SIMULATION LA English DT Article DE quantum computers; quantum algorithms; dynamical systems; Grassmann manifolds; symplectic structures; connections; holonomy groups; lax type integrable flows AB The article continues a presentation of modern quantum mathematics backgrounds started in [Quantum Mathematics and its Applications. Part 1. Automatyka, vol. 6, AGH Publisher, Krakow, 2002, No. 1, pp. 234-2412; Quantum Mathematics: Holonomic Computing Algorithms and Their Applications. Part 2. Automatyka, vol. 7, No. 1, 2004]. A general approach to quantum holonomic computing based on geometric Lie-algebraic structures on Grassmann manifolds and related with them Lax type flows is proposed. Making use of the differential geometric techniques like momentum mapping reduction, central extension and connection theory on Stiefel bundles it is shown that the associated holonomy groups properly realizing quantum computations can be effectively found concerning, diverse practical problems. Two examples demonstrating two-form curvature calculations important for describing the corresponding holonomy Lie algebra are presented in detail. (C) 2004 IMACS. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Natl Acad Sci, Inst Math, UA-01004 Kiev, Ukraine. SDIC, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Educ Adm, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Eastern Mediterranean Univ, Dept Math & Comp Sci, Famagusta, Turkey. AGH Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Appl Math, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland. Natl Acad Sci, Inst APMM, Dept Nonlinear Math Anal, PL-79601 Lviv, Poland. New Jersey Inst Technol, Dept Math Sci, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. RP Prykarpatsky, AK (reprint author), Natl Acad Sci, Inst Math, UA-01004 Kiev, Ukraine. EM sam@imath.kiev.ua; yarchyk@bnl.gov; utaneri@education.wisc.edu; prykanat@cyberg1.com; deblac@m.njit.edu NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4754 J9 MATH COMPUT SIMULAT JI Math. Comput. Simul. PD JUN 4 PY 2004 VL 66 IS 1 BP 1 EP 20 DI 10.1016/j.matcom.2004.01.017 PG 20 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA 830HQ UT WOS:000222113100001 ER PT J AU Abazov, VM Abbott, B Abdesselam, A Abolins, M Abramov, V Acharya, BS Adams, DL Adams, M Ahmed, SN Alexeev, GD Alton, A Alves, GA Anderson, EW Arnoud, Y Avila, C Babintsev, VV Babukhadia, L Bacon, TC Baden, A Baffioni, S Baldin, B Balm, PW Banerjee, S Barberis, E Baringer, P Barreto, J Bartlett, JF Bassler, U Bauer, D Bean, A Beaudette, F Begel, M Belyaev, A Beri, SB Bernardi, G Bertram, I Besson, A Beuselinck, R Bezzubov, VA Bhat, PC Bhatnagar, V Bhattacharjee, M Blazey, G Blekman, F Blessing, S Boehnlein, A Bojko, NI Bolton, TA Borcherding, F Bos, K Bose, T Brandt, A Briskin, G Brock, R Brooijmans, G Bross, A Buchholz, D Buehler, M Buescher, V Burtovoi, VS Butler, JM Canelli, F Carvalho, W Casey, D Castilla-Valdez, H Chakraborty, D Chan, KM Chekulaev, SV Cho, DK Choi, S Chopra, S Claes, D Clark, AR Connolly, B Cooper, WE Coppage, D Crepe-Renaudin, S Cummings, MAC Cutts, D da Motta, H Davis, GA De, K de Jong, SJ Demarteau, M Demina, R Demine, P Denisov, D Denisov, SP Desai, S Diehl, HT Diesburg, M Doulas, S Dudko, LV Duensing, S Duflot, L Dugad, SR Duperrin, A Dyshkant, A Edmunds, D Ellison, J Eltzroth, JT Elvira, VD Engelmann, R Eno, S Eppley, G Ermolov, P Eroshin, OV Estrada, J Evans, H Evdokimov, VN Fein, D Ferbel, T Filthaut, F Fisk, HE Fleuret, F Fortner, M Fox, H Fu, S Fuess, S Gallas, E Galyaev, AN Gao, M Gavrilov, V Genik II, RJ Genser, K Gerber, CE Gershtein, Y Ginther, G Gomez, B Goncharov, PI Gordon, H Gounder, K Goussiou, A Graf, N Grannis, PD Green, JA Greenlee, H Greenwood, ZD Grinstein, S Groer, L Grunendahl, S Gurzhiev, SN Gutierrez, G Gutierrez, P Hadley, NJ Haggerty, H Hagopian, S Hagopian, V Hall, RE Han, C Hansen, S Hauptman, JM Hebert, C Hedin, D Heinmiller, JM Heinson, AP Heintz, U Hildreth, MD Hirosky, R Hobbs, JD Hoeneisen, B Huang, J Huang, Y Iashvili, I Illingworth, R Ito, AS Jaffre, M Jain, S Jesik, R Johns, K Johnson, M Jonckheere, A Jostlein, H Juste, A Kahl, W Kahn, S Kajfasz, E Kalinin, AM Karmanov, D Karmgard, D Kehoe, R Khanov, A Kharchilava, A Klima, B Kohli, JM Kostritskiy, AV Kotcher, J Kothhari, B Kozelov, AV Kozlovsky, EA Krane, J Krishnaswamy, MR Krivkova, P Krzywdzinski, S Kubantsev, M Kuleshov, S Kulik, Y Kunori, S Kupco, A Kuznetsov, VE Landsberg, G Lee, WM Leflat, A Lehner, F Leonidopoulos, C Li, J Li, QZ Lima, JGR Lincoln, D Linn, SL Linnemann, J Lipton, R Lucotte, A Lueking, L Lundstedt, C Luo, C Maciel, AKA Madaras, RJ Malyshev, VL Manankov, V Mao, HS Marshall, T Martin, MI Mayorov, AA McCarthy, R McMahon, T Melanson, HL Merkin, M Merritt, KW Miao, C Miettinen, H Mihalcea, D Mokhov, N Mondal, NK Montgomery, HE Moore, RW Mutaf, YD Nagy, E Nang, F Narain, M Narasimham, VS Naumann, NA Neal, HA Negret, JP Nomerotski, A Nunnemann, T O'Neil, D Oguri, V Olivier, B Oshima, N Padley, P Papageorgiou, K Parashar, N Partridge, R Parua, N Patwa, A Peters, O Petroff, P Piegaia, R Pope, BG Prosper, HB Protopopescu, S Przybycien, MB Qian, J Quadt, A Raja, R Rajagopalan, S Rapidis, PA Reay, NW Reucroft, S Ridel, M Rijssenbeek, M Rizatdinova, F Rockwell, T Royon, C Rubinov, P Ruchti, R Sabirov, BM Sajot, G Santoro, A Sawyer, L Schamberger, RD Schellman, H Schwartzman, A Shabalina, E Shivpuri, RK Shpakov, D Shupe, M Sidwell, RA Simak, V Sirotenko, V Slattery, P Smith, RP Snow, GR Snow, J Snyder, S Solomon, J Song, Y Sorin, V Sosebee, M Sotnikova, N Soustruznik, K Souza, M Stanton, NR Steinbruck, G Stoker, D Stolin, V Stone, A Stoyanova, DA Strang, MA Strauss, M Strovink, M Stutte, L Sznajder, A Talby, M Taylor, W Tentindo-Repond, S Tripathi, SM Trippe, TG Turcot, AS Tuts, PM Van Kooten, R Vaniev, V Varelas, N Villeneuve-Seguier, F Volkov, AA Vorobiev, AP Wahl, HD Wang, ZM Warchol, J Watts, G Wayne, M Weerts, H White, A Whiteson, D Wijngaarden, DA Willis, S Wimpenny, SJ Womersley, J Wood, DR Xu, Q Yamada, R Yamin, P Yasuda, T Yatsunenko, YA Yip, K Yu, J Zanabria, M Zhang, X Zheng, H Zhou, B Zhou, Z Zielinski, M Zieminska, D Zieminski, A Zutshi, V Zverev, EG Zylberstejn, A AF Abazov, VM Abbott, B Abdesselam, A Abolins, M Abramov, V Acharya, BS Adams, DL Adams, M Ahmed, SN Alexeev, GD Alton, A Alves, GA Anderson, EW Arnoud, Y Avila, C Babintsev, VV Babukhadia, L Bacon, TC Baden, A Baffioni, S Baldin, B Balm, PW Banerjee, S Barberis, E Baringer, P Barreto, J Bartlett, JF Bassler, U Bauer, D Bean, A Beaudette, F Begel, M Belyaev, A Beri, SB Bernardi, G Bertram, I Besson, A Beuselinck, R Bezzubov, VA Bhat, PC Bhatnagar, V Bhattacharjee, M Blazey, G Blekman, F Blessing, S Boehnlein, A Bojko, NI Bolton, TA Borcherding, F Bos, K Bose, T Brandt, A Briskin, G Brock, R Brooijmans, G Bross, A Buchholz, D Buehler, M Buescher, V Burtovoi, VS Butler, JM Canelli, F Carvalho, W Casey, D Castilla-Valdez, H Chakraborty, D Chan, KM Chekulaev, SV Cho, DK Choi, S Chopra, S Claes, D Clark, AR Connolly, B Cooper, WE Coppage, D Crepe-Renaudin, S Cummings, MAC Cutts, D da Motta, H Davis, GA De, K de Jong, SJ Demarteau, M Demina, R Demine, P Denisov, D Denisov, SP Desai, S Diehl, HT Diesburg, M Doulas, S Dudko, LV Duensing, S Duflot, L Dugad, SR Duperrin, A Dyshkant, A Edmunds, D Ellison, J Eltzroth, JT Elvira, VD Engelmann, R Eno, S Eppley, G Ermolov, P Eroshin, OV Estrada, J Evans, H Evdokimov, VN Fein, D Ferbel, T Filthaut, F Fisk, HE Fleuret, F Fortner, M Fox, H Fu, S Fuess, S Gallas, E Galyaev, AN Gao, M Gavrilov, V Genik II, RJ Genser, K Gerber, CE Gershtein, Y Ginther, G Gomez, B Goncharov, PI Gordon, H Gounder, K Goussiou, A Graf, N Grannis, PD Green, JA Greenlee, H Greenwood, ZD Grinstein, S Groer, L Grunendahl, S Gurzhiev, SN Gutierrez, G Gutierrez, P Hadley, NJ Haggerty, H Hagopian, S Hagopian, V Hall, RE Han, C Hansen, S Hauptman, JM Hebert, C Hedin, D Heinmiller, JM Heinson, AP Heintz, U Hildreth, MD Hirosky, R Hobbs, JD Hoeneisen, B Huang, J Huang, Y Iashvili, I Illingworth, R Ito, AS Jaffre, M Jain, S Jesik, R Johns, K Johnson, M Jonckheere, A Jostlein, H Juste, A Kahl, W Kahn, S Kajfasz, E Kalinin, AM Karmanov, D Karmgard, D Kehoe, R Khanov, A Kharchilava, A Klima, B Kohli, JM Kostritskiy, AV Kotcher, J Kothhari, B Kozelov, AV Kozlovsky, EA Krane, J Krishnaswamy, MR Krivkova, P Krzywdzinski, S Kubantsev, M Kuleshov, S Kulik, Y Kunori, S Kupco, A Kuznetsov, VE Landsberg, G Lee, WM Leflat, A Lehner, F Leonidopoulos, C Li, J Li, QZ Lima, JGR Lincoln, D Linn, SL Linnemann, J Lipton, R Lucotte, A Lueking, L Lundstedt, C Luo, C Maciel, AKA Madaras, RJ Malyshev, VL Manankov, V Mao, HS Marshall, T Martin, MI Mayorov, AA McCarthy, R McMahon, T Melanson, HL Merkin, M Merritt, KW Miao, C Miettinen, H Mihalcea, D Mokhov, N Mondal, NK Montgomery, HE Moore, RW Mutaf, YD Nagy, E Nang, F Narain, M Narasimham, VS Naumann, NA Neal, HA Negret, JP Nomerotski, A Nunnemann, T O'Neil, D Oguri, V Olivier, B Oshima, N Padley, P Papageorgiou, K Parashar, N Partridge, R Parua, N Patwa, A Peters, O Petroff, P Piegaia, R Pope, BG Prosper, HB Protopopescu, S Przybycien, MB Qian, J Quadt, A Raja, R Rajagopalan, S Rapidis, PA Reay, NW Reucroft, S Ridel, M Rijssenbeek, M Rizatdinova, F Rockwell, T Royon, C Rubinov, P Ruchti, R Sabirov, BM Sajot, G Santoro, A Sawyer, L Schamberger, RD Schellman, H Schwartzman, A Shabalina, E Shivpuri, RK Shpakov, D Shupe, M Sidwell, RA Simak, V Sirotenko, V Slattery, P Smith, RP Snow, GR Snow, J Snyder, S Solomon, J Song, Y Sorin, V Sosebee, M Sotnikova, N Soustruznik, K Souza, M Stanton, NR Steinbruck, G Stoker, D Stolin, V Stone, A Stoyanova, DA Strang, MA Strauss, M Strovink, M Stutte, L Sznajder, A Talby, M Taylor, W Tentindo-Repond, S Tripathi, SM Trippe, TG Turcot, AS Tuts, PM Van Kooten, R Vaniev, V Varelas, N Villeneuve-Seguier, F Volkov, AA Vorobiev, AP Wahl, HD Wang, ZM Warchol, J Watts, G Wayne, M Weerts, H White, A Whiteson, D Wijngaarden, DA Willis, S Wimpenny, SJ Womersley, J Wood, DR Xu, Q Yamada, R Yamin, P Yasuda, T Yatsunenko, YA Yip, K Yu, J Zanabria, M Zhang, X Zheng, H Zhou, B Zhou, Z Zielinski, M Zieminska, D Zieminski, A Zutshi, V Zverev, EG Zylberstejn, A CA DO Collaboration TI Search for narrow t(t)over-bar resonances in p(p)over-bar collisions at root s=1.8 TeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; SYMMETRY-BREAKING; PHYSICS AB A search for narrow resonances that decay into t (t) over bar pairs has been performed using 130 pb(-1) of data in the lepton + jets channel collected by the DO detector in p (p) over bar collisions at roots=1.8 TeV. There is no significant deviation observed from the standard-model predictions at a top-quark mass of 175 GeV/c(2). We therefore present upper limits at the 95% confidence level on the product of the production cross section and branching fraction to t (t) over bar for narrow resonances as a function of the resonance mass M-X. These limits are used to exclude the existence of a leptophobic top-color particle with mass M-X<560 GeV/c(2), using a theoretical cross section for a width Gamma(X)=0.012M(X). C1 Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. Univ Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. Ctr Brasileiro Pesquisas Fis, LAFEX, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Univ Estado Rio de Janeiro, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Univ Los Andes, Bogota, Colombia. Charles Univ Prague, Ctr Particle Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Ctr Particle Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. Univ San Francisco Quito, Quito, Ecuador. Univ Grenoble 1, Lab Phys Subatom & Cosmol, IN2P3, CNRS, Grenoble, France. Univ Aix Marseille 2, CPPM, IN2P3, CNRS, Marseille, France. IN2P3, CNRS, Lab Accelerateux Lineaire, Orsay, France. Univ Paris 06, LPNHE, IN2P3, CNRS, Paris, France. Univ Paris 07, LPNHE, IN2P3, CNRS, Paris, France. CEA, DAPNIA, Serv Phys Particules, Saclay, France. Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-6500 Mainz, Germany. Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. Univ Delhi, Delhi 110007, India. Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Bombay 400005, Maharashtra, India. CINVESTAV, Mexico City 14000, DF, Mexico. NIKHEF, FOM Inst, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Amsterdam, NIKHEF, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Nijmegen, NIKHEF, Nijmegen, Netherlands. Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. Univ Lancaster, Lancaster, England. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London, England. Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Calif State Univ Fresno, Fresno, CA 93740 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. No Illinois Univ, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. Louisiana Tech Univ, Ruston, LA 71272 USA. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Langston Univ, Langston, OK 73050 USA. Univ Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019 USA. Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA. Univ Texas, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77005 USA. Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Moscow, Russia. RP Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. RI Santoro, Alberto/E-7932-2014; Belyaev, Alexander/F-6637-2015; Chekulaev, Sergey/O-1145-2015; Sznajder, Andre/L-1621-2016; Canelli, Florencia/O-9693-2016; Nomerotski, Andrei/A-5169-2010; Shivpuri, R K/A-5848-2010; Gutierrez, Phillip/C-1161-2011; Dudko, Lev/D-7127-2012; Leflat, Alexander/D-7284-2012; Merkin, Mikhail/D-6809-2012; Yip, Kin/D-6860-2013; Kuleshov, Sergey/D-9940-2013; De, Kaushik/N-1953-2013; Oguri, Vitor/B-5403-2013; Alves, Gilvan/C-4007-2013 OI Belyaev, Alexander/0000-0002-1733-4408; Sznajder, Andre/0000-0001-6998-1108; Canelli, Florencia/0000-0001-6361-2117; Dudko, Lev/0000-0002-4462-3192; Yip, Kin/0000-0002-8576-4311; Kuleshov, Sergey/0000-0002-3065-326X; De, Kaushik/0000-0002-5647-4489; NR 19 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 4 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 22 AR 221801 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.221801 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 826QU UT WOS:000221844400011 PM 15245211 ER PT J AU Albuquerque, IFM Burdman, G Chacko, Z AF Albuquerque, IFM Burdman, G Chacko, Z TI Neutrino telescopes as a direct probe of supersymmetry breaking SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article AB We consider models where the scale of supersymmetry breaking lies between 5x10(6) and 5x10(8) GeV. In this class of theories, which includes models of mediated supersymmetry breaking, the lightest supersymmetric particle is the gravitino, and the next to lightest is typically a long-lived charged slepton with a lifetime between a microsecond and a second, depending on its mass. We investigate the production of these particles by the diffuse flux of high energy neutrinos colliding with nucleons in the Earth, and the potential for their observation in large ice or water Cerenkov detectors. The small production cross section is partially compensated by the very long range of sleptons. The signal, two well-separated parallel tracks, has very little background. Using the Waxman-Bahcall limit for the neutrino flux results in up to four events a year in km(3) experiments. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Theory Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Albuquerque, IFM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, 601 Campbell Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Burdman, Gustavo/D-3285-2012; Albuquerque, Ivone/H-4645-2012 OI Albuquerque, Ivone/0000-0001-7328-0136 NR 32 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 4 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 22 AR 221802 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.221802 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 826QU UT WOS:000221844400012 PM 15245212 ER PT J AU Aubert, B Barate, R Boutigny, D Couderc, F Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Tisserand, V Zghiche, A Palano, A Pompili, A Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Ofte, I Stugu, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Charles, E Day, CT Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kukartsev, G LeClerc, C Levi, ME Lynch, G Mir, LM Oddone, PJ Orimoto, TJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Ronan, MT Shelkov, VG Telnov, AV Wenzel, WA Ford, K Harrison, TJ Hawkes, CM Morgan, SE Watson, AT Watson, NK Fritsch, M Goetzen, K Held, T Koch, H Lewandowski, B Pelizaeus, M Peters, K Schmuecker, H Steinke, M Boyd, JT Chevalier, N Cottingham, WN Kelly, MP Latham, TE Mackay, C Wilson, FF Abe, K Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T Hearty, C Mattison, TS McKenna, JA 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Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vitale, L Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Banerjee, S Brown, CM Fortin, D Jackson, PD Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Band, HR Dasu, S Datta, M Eichenbaum, AM Johnson, JR Kutter, PE Li, H Liu, R Lodovico, FD Mihalyi, A Mohapatra, AK Pan, Y Prepost, R Sekula, SJ von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, J Wu, SL Yu, Z Neal, H CA BABAR Collaboration TI Search for the rare leptonic decay B+->mu(+)nu(mu) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LIMIT AB We have performed a search for the rare leptonic decay B+-->mu(+)nu(mu) with data collected at the Y(4S) resonance by the BABAR experiment at the PEP-II storage ring. 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Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Univ Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. CEA Saclay, DSM Dapnia, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. SUNY Albany, Albany, NY 12222 USA. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Univ Texas, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Sperimentale, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Univ Turin, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Univ Trieste, Dipartmento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Univ Trieste, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Univ Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6, Canada. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. Univ Basilicata, I-85100 Potenza, Italy. Univ Valencia, IFIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular, CSIC, Valencia, Spain. Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. RP Aubert, B (reprint author), Phys Particules Lab, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. RI Lusiani, Alberto/A-3329-2016; Morandin, Mauro/A-3308-2016; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Kolomensky, Yury/I-3510-2015; Lusiani, Alberto/N-2976-2015; Roe, Natalie/A-8798-2012; crosetti, nanni/H-3040-2011; Martinez Vidal, F*/L-7563-2014; Cavallo, Nicola/F-8913-2012; Di Lodovico, Francesca/L-9109-2016; Calcaterra, Alessandro/P-5260-2015; Saeed, Mohammad Alam/J-7455-2012; Negrini, Matteo/C-8906-2014; Monge, Maria Roberta/G-9127-2012; Luppi, Eleonora/A-4902-2015; Kravchenko, Evgeniy/F-5457-2015; Calabrese, Roberto/G-4405-2015; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/G-7212-2015; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/J-5049-2012; Grancagnolo, Sergio/J-3957-2015; Peters, Klaus/C-2728-2008; de Groot, Nicolo/A-2675-2009; Lista, Luca/C-5719-2008; Bellini, Fabio/D-1055-2009; Neri, Nicola/G-3991-2012; Forti, Francesco/H-3035-2011; Rotondo, Marcello/I-6043-2012; Patrignani, Claudia/C-5223-2009; de Sangro, Riccardo/J-2901-2012; M, Saleem/B-9137-2013; Sarti, Alessio/I-2833-2012; Frey, Raymond/E-2830-2016 OI Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Morandin, Mauro/0000-0003-4708-4240; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Kolomensky, Yury/0000-0001-8496-9975; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Martinez Vidal, F*/0000-0001-6841-6035; Di Lodovico, Francesca/0000-0003-3952-2175; Calcaterra, Alessandro/0000-0003-2670-4826; Saeed, Mohammad Alam/0000-0002-3529-9255; Negrini, Matteo/0000-0003-0101-6963; Monge, Maria Roberta/0000-0003-1633-3195; Luppi, Eleonora/0000-0002-1072-5633; Calabrese, Roberto/0000-0002-1354-5400; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/0000-0002-4276-715X; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/0000-0002-6520-4480; Grancagnolo, Sergio/0000-0001-8490-8304; Peters, Klaus/0000-0001-7133-0662; Bellini, Fabio/0000-0002-2936-660X; Neri, Nicola/0000-0002-6106-3756; Forti, Francesco/0000-0001-6535-7965; Rotondo, Marcello/0000-0001-5704-6163; Patrignani, Claudia/0000-0002-5882-1747; de Sangro, Riccardo/0000-0002-3808-5455; Sarti, Alessio/0000-0001-5419-7951; Frey, Raymond/0000-0003-0341-2636 NR 11 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 4 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 22 AR 221803 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.221803 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 826QU UT WOS:000221844400013 PM 15245213 ER PT J AU Guillemin, R Hemmers, O Rolles, D Yu, SW Wolska, A Tran, I Hudson, A Baker, J Lindle, DW AF Guillemin, R Hemmers, O Rolles, D Yu, SW Wolska, A Tran, I Hudson, A Baker, J Lindle, DW TI Nearest-neighbor-atom core-hole transfer in isolated molecules SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ANGULAR-DISTRIBUTION; RESONANT PHOTOEMISSION; PHOTOELECTRONS; DISTRIBUTIONS; N2O AB A new phenomenon sensitive only to next-door-neighbor atoms in isolated molecules is demonstrated using angle-resolved photoemission of site-selective core electrons. Evidence for this interatomic core-to-core electron interaction is observable only by measuring nondipolar angular distributions of photoelectrons. In essence, the phenomenon acts as a very fine atomic-scale sensor of nearest-neighbor elemental identity. C1 Univ Nevada, Dept Chem, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Max Planck Gesell, Fritz Haber Inst, D-1000 Berlin, Germany. RP Guillemin, R (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Chem, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. RI Rolles, Daniel/C-2384-2008; Wolska, Anna/A-5818-2012; Tran, Ich/C-9869-2014 NR 21 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 4 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 22 AR 223002 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.223002 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 826QU UT WOS:000221844400017 PM 15245217 ER PT J AU Lany, S Wolf, H Wichert, T AF Lany, S Wolf, H Wichert, T TI Density functional theory calculations establish the experimental evidence of the DX center atomic structure in CdTe SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MICROSCOPIC STRUCTURE; LATTICE-RELAXATION; ALXGA1-XAS ALLOYS; DONOR LEVELS; DEFECTS; FILMS; GAAS AB The In DX center and the DX-like configuration of the Cd host atom in CdTe are investigated using density functional theory. The simultaneous calculation of the atomic structure and the electric field gradient (EFG) allows one to correlate the theoretically predicted structure of the DX center with an experimental observable, namely, the EFG obtained from radioactive In-111/Cd-111 probe atoms in In doped CdTe. In this way, the experimental identification of the DX center structure is established. C1 Univ Saarland, D-66041 Saarbrucken, Germany. RP Lany, S (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. OI Lany, Stephan/0000-0002-8127-8885 NR 22 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 4 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 22 AR 225504 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.225504 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 826QU UT WOS:000221844400036 PM 15245236 ER PT J AU Lavrov, AN Kang, HJ Kurita, Y Suzuki, T Komiya, S Lynn, JW Lee, SH Dai, PC Ando, Y AF Lavrov, AN Kang, HJ Kurita, Y Suzuki, T Komiya, S Lynn, JW Lee, SH Dai, PC Ando, Y TI Spin-flop transition and the anisotropic magnetoresistance of Pr1.3-xLa0.7CexCuO4: Unexpectedly strong spin-charge coupling in the electron-doped cuprates SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC-STRUCTURE; STATE; DYNAMICS; PR2CUO4; FIELD; ORDER; PR; ANTIFERROMAGNETISM; TRANSPORT; LA2CUO4 AB We use transport and neutron-scattering measurements to show that a magnetic-field-induced transition from noncollinear to collinear spin arrangement in adjacent CuO2 planes of lightly electron-doped Pr1.3-xLa0.7CexCuO4 (x=0.01) crystals affects significantly both the in-plane and out-of-plane resistivity. In the high-field collinear state, the magnetoresistance (MR) does not saturate but exhibits an intriguing fourfold-symmetric angular dependence, oscillating from being positive at Bparallel to[100] to being negative at Bparallel to[110]. The observed MR of more than 30% at low temperatures induced by a modest modification of the spin structure indicates an unexpectedly strong spin-charge coupling in electron-doped cuprates. C1 Cent Res Inst Elect Power Ind, Tokyo 2018511, Japan. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. Tokyo Univ Sci, Dept Phys, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1628601, Japan. RP Cent Res Inst Elect Power Ind, Tokyo 2018511, Japan. EM daip@ornl.gov; ando@criepi.denken.or.jp RI Dai, Pengcheng /C-9171-2012; Ando, Yoichi/B-8163-2013 OI Dai, Pengcheng /0000-0002-6088-3170; Ando, Yoichi/0000-0002-3553-3355 NR 21 TC 35 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 4 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 22 AR 227003 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.227003 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 826QU UT WOS:000221844400053 PM 15245253 ER PT J AU Steck, DA Jacobs, K Mabuchi, H Bhattacharya, T Habib, S AF Steck, DA Jacobs, K Mabuchi, H Bhattacharya, T Habib, S TI Quantum feedback control of atomic motion in an optical cavity SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SINGLE PHOTONS; SYSTEMS; FIELD AB We study quantum feedback cooling of atomic motion in an optical cavity. We design a feedback algorithm that can cool the atom to the ground state of the optical potential with high efficiency despite the nonlinear nature of this problem. An important ingredient is a simplified state-estimation algorithm, necessary for a real-time implementation of the feedback loop. We also describe the critical role of parity dynamics in the cooling process and present a simple theory that predicts the achievable steady-state atomic energies. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Div T8, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Griffith Univ, Sch Sci, Ctr Quantum Dynam, Ctr Quantum Comp Technol, Nathan, Qld 4111, Australia. CALTECH, Norman Bridge Lab Phys 12 33, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP Steck, DA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Div T8, MS B285, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Jacobs, Kurt/E-7049-2011; Bhattacharya, Tanmoy/J-8956-2013 OI Jacobs, Kurt/0000-0003-0828-6421; Bhattacharya, Tanmoy/0000-0002-1060-652X NR 22 TC 65 Z9 68 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 4 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 22 AR 223004 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.223004 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 826QU UT WOS:000221844400019 PM 15245219 ER PT J AU Xiao, ZL Dogru, O Andrei, EY Shuk, P Greenblatt, M AF Xiao, ZL Dogru, O Andrei, EY Shuk, P Greenblatt, M TI Observation of the vortex lattice spinodal in NbSe2 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FLUX-LINE-LATTICE; DYNAMIC INSTABILITIES; INDUCED ORGANIZATION; SINGLE-CRYSTAL; PEAK; SUPERCONDUCTORS; YBA2CU3O7-DELTA; MOTION; FIELD; BI2SR2CACU2O8 AB Metastable superheated and supercooled vortex states in NbSe2 crystals were probed with fast transport measurements over a wide range of field and temperature. The limit of metastability of the superheated vortex lattice defines a line in the phase diagram that lies below the superconducting transition and is clearly separated from it. This line is identified as the vortex lattice spinodal, and is in good agreement with recent theoretical predictions by Li and Rosenstein [Phys. Rev. B 65, 220504 (2002); cond-mat/0305258]. By contrast, no limit of metastability is observed for the supercooled disordered state. C1 Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Dept Chem, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Rosemount Analyt Inc, Emerson Proc Management, Orrville, OH 44667 USA. RP Xiao, ZL (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, POB 849, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. NR 33 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 4 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 22 AR 227004 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.227004 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 826QU UT WOS:000221844400054 PM 15245254 ER PT J AU Zholents, AA Fawley, WM AF Zholents, AA Fawley, WM TI Proposal for intense attosecond radiation from an x-ray free-electron laser SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GENERATION; FIELDS; PULSES AB We propose the use of an ultrarelativistic electron beam interacting with a few-cycle, intense laser pulse and an intense pulse of the coherent x rays to produce a multi-MW intensity, x-ray pulses approximate to100 attoseconds in duration. Because of a naturally occurring frequency chirp, these pulses can be further temporally compressed. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Zholents, AA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. OI Fawley, William/0000-0002-4736-8705 NR 17 TC 120 Z9 123 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 4 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 22 AR 224801 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.224801 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 826QU UT WOS:000221844400029 PM 15245229 ER PT J AU Blake, NJ Streets, DG Woo, JH Simpson, IJ Green, J Meinardi, S Kita, K Atlas, E Fuelberg, HE Sachse, G Avery, MA Vay, SA Talbot, RW Dibb, JE Bandy, AR Thornton, DC Rowland, FS Blake, DR AF Blake, NJ Streets, DG Woo, JH Simpson, IJ Green, J Meinardi, S Kita, K Atlas, E Fuelberg, HE Sachse, G Avery, MA Vay, SA Talbot, RW Dibb, JE Bandy, AR Thornton, DC Rowland, FS Blake, DR TI Carbonyl sulfide and carbon disulfide: Large-scale distributions over the western Pacific and emissions from Asia during TRACE-P SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article DE carbonyl sulfide (OCS); carbon disulfide (CS2); Asian emissions; emission inventories ID DIMETHYL SULFIDE; AIRCRAFT OBSERVATIONS; CHEMICAL EVOLUTION; TRANSPORT PATHWAYS; GLOBAL SOURCES; SOUTH-PACIFIC; SULFUR CYCLE; BIOMASS; ATMOSPHERE; OUTFLOW AB An extensive set of carbonyl sulfide (OCS) and carbon disulfide (CS2) observations were made as part of the NASA Transport and Chemical Evolution over the Pacific (TRACE-P) project, which took place in the early spring 2001. TRACE-P sampling focused on the western Pacific region but in total included the geographic region 110degreesE to 290degreesE longitude, 5degreesN to 50degreesN latitude, and 0-12 km altitude. Substantial OCS and CS2 enhancements were observed for a great many air masses of Chinese and Japanese origin during TRACE-P. Over the western Pacific, mean mixing ratios of long-lived OCS and shorter-lived CS2 showed a gradual decrease by about 10% and a factor of 5-10, respectively, from the surface to 8-10 km altitude, presumably because land-based sources dominated their distribution during February through April 2001. The highest mean OCS and CS2 levels (580 and 20 pptv, respectively, based on 2.5degrees x 2.5degrees latitude bins) were observed below 2 km near the coast of Asia, at latitudes between 25degreesN and 35degreesN, where urban Asian outflow was strongest. Ratios of OCS versus CO for continental SE Asia were much lower compared to Chinese and Japanese signatures and were strongly associated with biomass burning/biofuel emissions. We present a new inventory of anthropogenic Asian emissions ( including biomass burning) for OCS and CS2 and compare it to emission estimates based on regional relationships of OCS and CS2 to CO and CO2. The OCS and CS2 results for the two methods compare well for continental SE Asia and Japan plus Korea and also for Chinese CS2 emissions. However, it appears that the inventory underestimates Chinese emissions of OCS by about 30-100%. This difference may be related to the fact that we did not include natural sources such as wetland emissions in our inventory, although the contributions from such sources are believed to be at a seasonal low during the study period. Uncertainties in OCS emissions from Chinese coal burning, which are poorly characterized, likely contribute to the discrepancy. C1 Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Chem, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Iowa, Iowa Adv Technol Labs, Ctr Global & Reg Environm Res, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Ibaraki Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Environm Sci, Mito, Ibaraki 3108512, Japan. Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. Florida State Univ, Dept Meteorol, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. Univ New Hampshire, Climate Change Res Ctr, Inst Study Earth Oceans & Space, Durham, NH 03824 USA. Drexel Univ, Dept Chem, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Chem, 516 Rowland Hall, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. EM nblake@uci.edu; dstreets@anl.gov; woojh21@cgrer.uiowa.edu; isimpson@uci.edu; jegreen@caltech.edu; smeinard@uci.edu; kita@mx.ibaraki.ac.jp; atlas@ucar.edu; fuelberg@huey.met.fsu.edu; g.w.sachse@larc.nasa.gov; m.a.avery@larc.nasa.gov; s.a.vay@larc.nasa.gov; robert.talbot@unh.edu; jack.dibb@unh.edu; bandyar@drexel.edu; dct@drexel.edu; rowland@uci.edu; drblake@uci.edu RI Atlas, Elliot/J-8171-2015; OI Streets, David/0000-0002-0223-1350 NR 50 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X EI 2169-8996 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD JUN 3 PY 2004 VL 109 IS D15 AR D15S05 DI 10.1029/2003JD004259 PG 15 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 828DT UT WOS:000221954000003 ER PT J AU Ma, Y Weber, RJ Maxwell-Meier, K Orsini, DA Lee, YN Huebert, BJ Howell, SG Bertram, T Talbot, RW Dibb, JE Scheuer, E AF Ma, Y Weber, RJ Maxwell-Meier, K Orsini, DA Lee, YN Huebert, BJ Howell, SG Bertram, T Talbot, RW Dibb, JE Scheuer, E TI Intercomparisons of airborne measurements of aerosol ionic chemical composition during TRACE-P and ACE-Asia SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article DE airborne aerosol; chemical composition; intercomparison ID PACIFIC; SULFATE; DISTRIBUTIONS; NITRATE; ANIONS; FILTER AB As part of the two field studies, Transport and Chemical Evolution over the Pacific (TRACE-P) and the Asian Aerosol Characterization Experiment (ACE-Asia), the inorganic chemical composition of tropospheric aerosols was measured over the western Pacific from three separate aircraft using various methods. Comparisons are made between the rapid online techniques of the particle into liquid sampler (PILS) for measurement of a suite of fine particle a mist chamber/ion chromatograph (MC/IC) measurement of fine sulfate, and the longer time-integrated filter and micro-orifice impactor (MOI) measurements. Comparisons between identical PILS on two separate aircraft flying in formation showed that they were highly correlated (e.g., sulfate r(2) of 0.95), but were systematically different by 10 +/- 5% (linear regression slope and 95% confidence bounds), and had generally higher concentrations on the aircraft with a low-turbulence inlet and shorter inlet-to-instrument transmission tubing. Comparisons of PILS and mist chamber measurements of fine sulfate on two different aircraft during formation flying had an r(2) of 0.78 and a relative difference of 39% +/- 5%. MOI ionic data integrated to the PILS upper measurement size of 1.3 mum sampling from separate inlets on the same aircraft showed that for sulfate, PILS and MOI were within 14% +/- 6% and correlated with an r(2) of 0.87. Most ionic compounds were within +/-30%, which is in the range of differences reported between PILS and integrated samplers from ground-based comparisons. In many cases, direct intercomparison between the various instruments is difficult due to differences in upper-size detection limits. However, for this study, the results suggest that the fine particle mass composition measured from aircraft agree to within 30-40%. C1 Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Environm Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Oceanog, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Univ New Hampshire, Inst Study Earth Oceans & Space, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RP Ma, Y (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM yma@eas.gatech.edu NR 21 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD JUN 3 PY 2004 VL 109 IS D15 AR D15S06 DI 10.1029/2003JD003673 PG 13 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 828DT UT WOS:000221954000001 ER PT J AU Wang, GT Creighton, JR AF Wang, GT Creighton, JR TI Complex formation between magnesocene (MgCp2) and NH3: Implications for p-type doping of group III nitrides and the Mg memory effect SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; GAN; METALLOCENES; DENSITY AB Magnesocene (biscyclopentadienylmagnesium) is a common precursor used for the p-type doping of GaN and other group III nitride materials. Unfortunately, difficulties remain with predictably controlling the incorporation of Mg during metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) film growth, which often exhibits poorly understood "memory effects." Although the formation of a reaction product between magnesocene and ammonia has been previously speculated, one has never been experimentally isolated or identified. We have spectroscopically observed and identified, for the first time, the adducts formed between magnesocene and ammonia. Density functional theory (DFT) quantum chemistry calculations have also been performed on the system to determine the structures and energetics of the reaction products. It was found that ammonia can form condensable Lewis acid-base complexes with magnesocene in both 1:1 and 2:1 ratios (i.e., NH3-MgCp2 and (NH3)(2)-MgCp2) via nucleophilic attack of NH3 at the positively charged Mg center of MgCp2. Adduct formation is reversible, and the 1:1 and 2:1 products can be converted to one another by controlling the NH3 partial pressure. The formation and condensation of both adducts at room temperature is the probable parasitic source that leads to many of the observed Mg incorporation difficulties during the p-type doping of group III nitride materials. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Wang, GT (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM gtwang@sandia.gov RI Wang, George/C-9401-2009 OI Wang, George/0000-0001-9007-0173 NR 11 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 20 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD JUN 3 PY 2004 VL 108 IS 22 BP 4873 EP 4877 DI 10.1021/jp036494e PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 824QC UT WOS:000221700100008 ER PT J AU Thomas, TD Saethre, LJ Borve, KJ Bozek, JD Huttula, M Kukk, E AF Thomas, TD Saethre, LJ Borve, KJ Bozek, JD Huttula, M Kukk, E TI Carbon 1s photoelectron spectroscopy of halomethanes. Effects of electronegativity, hardness, charge distribution, and relaxation SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-BINDING-ENERGIES; CORE-IONIZATION ENERGIES; BASIS-SETS; ATOMS; EQUALIZATION; POTENTIALS; MOLECULES; ELEMENTS; SPECTRUM; AVERAGE AB Carbon 1s ionization energies have been measured for 12 halomethanes. These together with earlier measurements provide 27 compounds for investigating the relationship between core-ionization energies and the electronegativity and hardness of the halogens. The ionization energies correlate nearly linearly with the sum of the electronegativities of the halogens attached to the central carbon. Both electronegativity and hardness play important roles in determining the ionization energy, and it is found that the linear relationship between ionization energy and electronegativity arises from an interplay of the electronegativity and hardness of the halogens and the length and ionicity of the carbon-halogen bond. C1 Oregon State Univ, Dept Chem, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. Univ Bergen, Dept Chem, NO-5007 Bergen, Norway. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Oulu Univ, Dept Phys Sci, FIN-90014 Oulu, Finland. RP Oregon State Univ, Dept Chem, Gilbert Hall 153, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM darrah.thomas@orst.edu; leif.saethre@kj.uib.no; knut.borve@kj.uib.no RI Bozek, John/E-4689-2010; Borve, Knut/I-5934-2012; Bozek, John/E-9260-2010 OI Borve, Knut/0000-0002-5782-8963; Bozek, John/0000-0001-7486-7238 NR 38 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD JUN 3 PY 2004 VL 108 IS 22 BP 4983 EP 4990 DI 10.1021/jp049510w PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 824QC UT WOS:000221700100023 ER PT J AU Haranczyk, M Dabkowska, I Rak, J Gutowski, M Nilles, JM Stokes, S Radisic, D Bowen, KH AF Haranczyk, M Dabkowska, I Rak, J Gutowski, M Nilles, JM Stokes, S Radisic, D Bowen, KH TI Excess electron attachment induces barrier-free proton transfer in anionic complexes of thymine and uracil with formic acid SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Letter ID DENSITY; DNA; EXCHANGE; GLYCINE; IONS AB The anionic complexes of formic acid with uracil and thymine reveal broad features in photoelectron spectroscopy (PES) experiments with maxima at 1.7 and 1.1 eV, respectively. The results of quantum chemical calculations suggest that electron vertical detachment energies (VDE) of 1.6-1.9 eV correspond to anionic structures in which a proton has been transferred from the carboxylic group of the formic acid to the 08 atom of uracil or thymine. Smaller values of VDE (0.8 to 1.3 eV) correspond to chemically untransformed complexes, in which anionic uracil or thymine interacts through two hydrogen bonds with the carboxylic group of the intact formic acid. The recorded spectra and the results of quantum chemical calculations suggest that both nucleic acid bases undergo barrier-free proton transfer in anionic complexes with formic acid. The difference in experimental spectra of UF- and TF- provides an indication that the methyl group of thymine could make a difference in the intermolecular proton transfer. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Gdansk, Inst Chem, PL-80952 Gdansk, Poland. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Chem, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RP Gutowski, M (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI Haranczyk, Maciej/A-6380-2014 OI Haranczyk, Maciej/0000-0001-7146-9568 NR 16 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD JUN 3 PY 2004 VL 108 IS 22 BP 6919 EP 6921 DI 10.1021/jp0379143 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 824QE UT WOS:000221700300005 ER PT J AU Belot, JA Clark, J Cowan, JA Harbison, GS Kolesnikov, AI Kye, YS Schultz, AJ Silvernail, C Zhao, XG AF Belot, JA Clark, J Cowan, JA Harbison, GS Kolesnikov, AI Kye, YS Schultz, AJ Silvernail, C Zhao, XG TI The shortest symmetrical O-H center dot center dot center dot O hydrogen bond has a low-barrier double-well potential SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Letter ID NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; MOLECULES; NMR; ENOL AB The strong hydrogen bond, in which a hydrogen atom is centered between two electronegative atoms in a single minimum potential has been widely discussed but rarely definitively observed. The compound 4-cyano-2,2,6,6-tetramethy 1- 3,5-heptanedione has the shortest symmetrical O-H...O hydrogen bond yet reported, at 239.3 pm. Neutron crystallography reveals the hydrogen-bonded proton to be nearly centered between the two oxygens, with a highly elongated thermal ellipsoid. Inelastic neutron scattering measurements of the normal and isotope labeled molecule reveal a hydrogen-bond vibrational frequency at 46.0 meV (371 cm(-1)). This frequency is too low to be compatible with a single-minimum potential and indicates a low-barrier double minimum. The temperature dependence of the NMR properties confirms the existence of a thermally accessible vibrationally excited state for the bond. Because other short hydrogen bonds show similar NMR behavior, it is likely that no "strong" hydrogen bond of this sort has yet been discovered. C1 Univ Nebraska, Dept Chem, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Harbison, GS (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Chem, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. EM gerry@setanta.unl.edu RI Kolesnikov, Alexander/I-9015-2012 OI Kolesnikov, Alexander/0000-0003-1940-4649 NR 23 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD JUN 3 PY 2004 VL 108 IS 22 BP 6922 EP 6926 DI 10.1021/jp0496710 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 824QE UT WOS:000221700300006 ER PT J AU Deb, A Bergmann, U Cairns, EJ Cramer, SP AF Deb, A Bergmann, U Cairns, EJ Cramer, SP TI Structural investigations of LiFePO4 electrodes by Fe X-ray absorption spectroscopy SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID RECHARGEABLE LITHIUM BATTERIES; XANES SPECTROSCOPY; CATHODE MATERIALS; IRON; COORDINATION; EDGE; MN; INFORMATION; PHOSPHATES; INSERTION AB Fe K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (XANES) and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) have been performed on LiFePO4, and on electrodes containing this material to determine the local atomic and electronic structure and their stability with electrochemical cycling (repeated charging and discharging). Comparison of the XANES data for the powder sample, uncycled electrode, and cycled electrodes 7SG and 9SG reveals that the Fe ions are octahedrally coordinated and in the Fe2+ state. Even after repeated charging and discharging, the structure of the LiFePO4 cycled electrodes (7SG, cycled 64 times, and 9SG, cycled 21 times) did not change and hence the material possesses very desirable characteristics for an electrode. This makes it an excellent choice for long cycle life Li-ion battery applications. C1 Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Deb, A (reprint author), Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 70-108B, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM ADeb@lbl.gov RI Deb, Aniruddha/H-7529-2016; Cairns, Elton/E-8873-2012 OI Deb, Aniruddha/0000-0002-0331-9709; Cairns, Elton/0000-0002-1179-7591 NR 35 TC 39 Z9 42 U1 1 U2 31 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD JUN 3 PY 2004 VL 108 IS 22 BP 7046 EP 7049 DI 10.1021/jp036361t PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 824QE UT WOS:000221700300025 ER PT J AU McKnight, TE Melechko, AV Austin, DW Sims, T Guillorn, MA Simpson, ML AF McKnight, TE Melechko, AV Austin, DW Sims, T Guillorn, MA Simpson, ML TI Microarrays of vertically-aligned carbon nanofiber electrodes in an open fluidic channel SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID SCANNING ELECTROCHEMICAL MICROSCOPY; LOW IONIC-STRENGTH; VOLTAMMETRY; ARRAYS; CELLS; MICROELECTRODES; NANOSTRUCTURES; NANOTUBES; CATHODES; KINETICS AB Fabrication and electrochemical characterization of microarrays of individually addressable vertically aligned carbon nanofiber electrodes contained within an open fluidic channel are described. Compatibility of the deterministic synthesis of vertically aligned nanofibers with conventional microfabrication techniques enables the development of relatively complex, functional multilevel devices that may be produced efficiently in large numbers. The vertical orientation of nanofibers provides a basis for small volume electroanalyses in probing regions elevated above the planar substrate, which can enable applications including electroanalysis within and around live cell matrixes, high aspect ratio probing structures for scanning electrochemical microscopy, and channel-resident electrodes with high capture efficiency for electrochemical detection of microfluidic chemical separations. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37996 USA. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP McKnight, TE (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37996 USA. EM mcknightte@ornl.gov RI Melechko, Anatoli/B-8820-2008; Simpson, Michael/A-8410-2011; McKnight, Tim/H-3087-2011 OI Simpson, Michael/0000-0002-3933-3457; McKnight, Tim/0000-0003-4326-9117 NR 33 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 2 U2 16 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD JUN 3 PY 2004 VL 108 IS 22 BP 7115 EP 7125 DI 10.1021/jp037987m PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 824QE UT WOS:000221700300033 ER PT J AU Teske, CA Blanch, HW Prausnitz, JN AF Teske, CA Blanch, HW Prausnitz, JN TI Measurement of lysozyme-lysozyme interactions with quantitative affinity chromatography SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID SELF-INTERACTION CHROMATOGRAPHY; PROTEIN-PROTEIN INTERACTIONS; PORE-SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS; ELECTROLYTE-SOLUTIONS; FIBRILLOGENESIS; INHIBITION; ADSORPTION; PARTICLES; DISEASE AB A chromatographic method is used to measure lysozyme-lysozyme interactions in aqueous salt solutions as a function of solution conditions (pH, ionic strength, and salt type). Compared to static light scattering and membrane osmometry, the chromatographic method requires significantly less protein. To interpret retention-time data, it is necessary to account for multibody interactions between a mobile lysozyme molecule and immobilized lysozyme molecules on the support surface. The interaction between lysozyme molecules may be described by a potential of mean force that contains hard-sphere, electrostatic, and square-well contributions. Square-well depths from chromatographic data are in semiquantitative agreement with those from osmotic second virial coefficients from static light scattering measurements. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Prausnitz, JN (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM prausnit@cchem.berkeley.edu RI Teske, Christopher/B-5974-2008 NR 29 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD JUN 3 PY 2004 VL 108 IS 22 BP 7437 EP 7444 DI 10.1021/jp0361576 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 824QE UT WOS:000221700300073 ER PT J AU Hayden, SM Mook, HA Dai, PC Perring, TG Dogan, F AF Hayden, SM Mook, HA Dai, PC Perring, TG Dogan, F TI The structure of the high-energy spin excitations in a high-transition-temperature superconductor SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID NEUTRON-SCATTERING; FLUCTUATIONS; YBA2CU3O6+X; MECHANISM; SPECTRUM AB In conventional superconductors, lattice vibrations (phonons) mediate the attraction between electrons that is responsible for superconductivity(1). The high transition temperatures (high-T-c) of the copper oxide superconductors has led to collective spin excitations being proposed as the mediating excitations in these materials(2). The mediating excitations must be strongly coupled to the conduction electrons, have energy greater than the pairing energy, and be present at T-c. The most obvious feature in the magnetic excitations of high-T-c superconductors such as YBa2Cu3O6+x is the so-called 'resonance'(3-6). Although the resonance may be strongly coupled to the superconductivity(3-8), it is unlikely to be the main cause, because it has not been found in the La2-x(Ba,Sr)(x)CuO4 family and is not universally present in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta (ref. 9). Here we use inelastic neutron scattering to characterize possible mediating excitations at higher energies in YBa2Cu3O6.6. We observe a square-shaped continuum of excitations peaked at incommensurate positions. These excitations have energies greater than the superconducting pairing energy, are present at T-c, and have spectral weight far exceeding that of the 'resonance'. The discovery of similar excitations in La2-xBaxCuO4 (ref. 10) suggests that they are a general property of the copper oxides, and a candidate for mediating the electron pairing. C1 Univ Bristol, HH Wills Phys Lab, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Rutherford Appleton Lab, ISIS Facil, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. Univ Missouri, Dept Ceram Engn, Rolla, MO 65409 USA. RP Hayden, SM (reprint author), Univ Bristol, HH Wills Phys Lab, Tyndall Ave, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. EM S.Hayden@bristol.ac.uk RI Hayden, Stephen/F-4162-2011; Dai, Pengcheng /C-9171-2012 OI Hayden, Stephen/0000-0002-3209-027X; Dai, Pengcheng /0000-0002-6088-3170 NR 26 TC 285 Z9 287 U1 3 U2 31 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD JUN 3 PY 2004 VL 429 IS 6991 BP 531 EP 534 DI 10.1038/nature02576 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 825OL UT WOS:000221767700031 PM 15175744 ER PT J AU Tranquada, JM Woo, H Perring, TG Goka, H Gu, GD Xu, G Fujita, M Yamada, K AF Tranquada, JM Woo, H Perring, TG Goka, H Gu, GD Xu, G Fujita, M Yamada, K TI Quantum magnetic excitations from stripes in copper oxide superconductors SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS; SPIN; FLUCTUATIONS; LADDER; LA2-XSRXCUO4; YBA2CU3O6.6; SPECTRUM; WAVES AB In the copper oxide parent compounds of the high-transition-temperature superconductors(1) the valence electrons are localized-one per copper site-by strong intra-atomic Coulomb repulsion. A symptom of this localization is antiferromagnetism(2), where the spins of localized electrons alternate between up and down. Superconductivity appears when mobile 'holes' are doped into this insulating state, and it coexists with antiferromagnetic fluctuations(3). In one approach to describing the coexistence, the holes are believed to self-organize into 'stripes' that alternate with antiferromagnetic (insulating) regions within copper oxide planes(4), which would necessitate an unconventional mechanism of superconductivity(5). There is an apparent problem with this picture, however: measurements of magnetic excitations in superconducting YBa2Cu3O6+x near optimum doping(6) are incompatible with the naive expectations(7,8) for a material with stripes. Here we report neutron scattering measurements on stripe-ordered La1.875Ba0.125CuO4. We show that the measured excitations are, surprisingly, quite similar to those in YBa2Cu3O6+x (refs 9, 10) ( that is, the predicted spectrum of magnetic excitations(7,8) is wrong). We find instead that the observed spectrum can be understood within a stripe model by taking account of quantum excitations. Our results support the concept that stripe correlations are essential to high-transition-temperature superconductivity(11). C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Rutherford Appleton Lab, ISIS Facil, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. Tohoku Univ, Inst Mat Res, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan. RP Tranquada, JM (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM jtran@bnl.gov RI Tranquada, John/A-9832-2009; Yamada, Kazuyoshi/C-2728-2009; Xu, Guangyong/A-8707-2010; Fujita, Masaki/D-8430-2013 OI Tranquada, John/0000-0003-4984-8857; Xu, Guangyong/0000-0003-1441-8275; NR 31 TC 403 Z9 404 U1 5 U2 48 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD JUN 3 PY 2004 VL 429 IS 6991 BP 534 EP 538 DI 10.1038/nature02574 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 825OL UT WOS:000221767700032 PM 15175745 ER PT J AU Caruthers, JM Adolf, DB Chambers, RS Shrikhande, P AF Caruthers, JM Adolf, DB Chambers, RS Shrikhande, P TI A thermodynamically consistent, nonlinear viscoelastic approach for modeling glassy polymers SO POLYMER LA English DT Article DE yield; viscoelasticity; volume relaxation ID LINEAR VISCOELASTICITY; AMORPHOUS POLYMERS; STRESS RELAXATION; SOLID POLYMERS; BEHAVIOR; VOLUME; TEMPERATURE; FINITE; POLYCARBONATE; DEFORMATION AB A thermodynamically consistent nonlinear viscoelastic constitutive theory is derived to capture the wide range of behavior observed in glassy polymers, including such phenomena as yield, stress/volume/enthalpy relaxation, nonlinear stress-strain behavior in complex loading histories, and physical aging. The Helmholtz free energy for an isotropic, thermorheologically simple, viscoelastic material is constructed, and quantities such as the stress and entropy are determined from the Helmholtz potential using Rational Mechanics. The constitutive theory employs a generalized strain measure and a material clock, where the rate of relaxation is controlled by the internal energy that is likewise determined consistently from the viscoelastic Helmholtz potential. This is perhaps the simplest model consistent with the basic requirements of continuum physics, where the rate of relaxation depends upon the thermodynamic state of the polymer. The predictions of the model are compared with extensive experimental data in the following companion paper. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Mat & Proc Sci Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Purdue Univ, Sch Chem Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Engn Sci Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Adolf, DB (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Mat & Proc Sci Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM caruther@ecn.purdue.edu; dbadolf@sandia.gov; rschamb@sandia.gov NR 40 TC 103 Z9 103 U1 0 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0032-3861 J9 POLYMER JI Polymer PD JUN 3 PY 2004 VL 45 IS 13 BP 4577 EP 4597 DI 10.1016/j.polymer.2004.04.021 PG 21 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 826NU UT WOS:000221836600026 ER PT J AU Adolf, DB Chambers, RS Caruthers, JM AF Adolf, DB Chambers, RS Caruthers, JM TI Extensive validation of a thermodynamically consistent, nonlinear viscoelastic model for glassy polymers SO POLYMER LA English DT Article DE epoxy; polycarbonate; yield AB The nonlinear thermoviscoelastic formalism presented in the preceding paper is validated with four amorphous polymer systems. Validation is performed over a broad range of relaxation phenomena in the glass transition region, including the temperature and rate-dependence of the stress-strain behavior through yield, volume and enthalpy relaxation, and stress relaxation during multi-step loading histories. The objective is to obtain quantitative agreement between the constitutive theory and all experimental results using one set of model parameters for each material system. The nonlinear viscoelastic formalism is shown to predict the wide range of behavior observed experimentally, indicating that the formalism does capture the essential physics of glassy polymers. Moreover, the material parameters required in the constitutive formalism can be readily obtained from independent experiments and are relatively insensitive to how these parameters are determined experimentally from the various characterization techniques. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Mat & Proc Sci Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Engn Sci Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Purdue Univ, Sch Chem Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Adolf, DB (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Mat & Proc Sci Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM dbadolf@sandia.gov; rschamb@sandia.gov; caruther@ecn.purdue.edu NR 4 TC 61 Z9 61 U1 1 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0032-3861 J9 POLYMER JI Polymer PD JUN 3 PY 2004 VL 45 IS 13 BP 4599 EP 4621 DI 10.1016/j.polymer.2004.04.022 PG 23 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 826NU UT WOS:000221836600027 ER PT J AU Opdahl, A Koffas, TS Amitay-Sadovsky, E Kim, J Somorjai, GA AF Opdahl, A Koffas, TS Amitay-Sadovsky, E Kim, J Somorjai, GA TI Characterization of polymer surface structure and surface mechanical behaviour by sum frequency generation surface vibrational spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Review ID HYDROGEL CONTACT-LENSES; POLYSTYRENE SURFACE; SIDE BRANCHES; SFG; INTERFACES; WATER; FILMS; CONFORMATION; CATALYSIS; ALIGNMENT AB Sum frequency generation (SFG) vibrational spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM) have been used to study polymer surface structure and surface mechanical behaviour, specifically to study the relationships between the surface properties of polymers and their bulk compositions and the environment to which the polymer is exposed. The combination of SFG surface vibrational spectroscopy and AFM has been used to study surface segregation behaviour of polyolefin blends at the polymer/air and polymer/solid interfaces. SFG surface vibrational spectroscopy and AFM experiments have also been performed to characterize the properties of polymer/liquid and polymer/polymer interfaces, focusing on hydrogel materials. A method was developed to study the surface properties of hydrogel contact lens materials at various hydration conditions. Finally, the effect of mechanical stretching on the surface composition and surface mechanical behaviour of phase-separated polyurethanes, used in biomedical implant devices, has been studied by both SFG surface vibrational spectroscopy and AFM. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley & Mat Sci Div, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Opdahl, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley & Mat Sci Div, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM somorjai@socrates.berkeley.edu NR 56 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 3 U2 20 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD JUN 2 PY 2004 VL 16 IS 21 BP R659 EP R677 AR PII S0953-8984(04)59532-2 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/16/21/RO2 PG 19 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 830CX UT WOS:000222100300003 ER PT J AU Velev, J Butler, W AF Velev, J Butler, W TI On the equivalence of different techniques for evaluating the Green function for a semi-infinite system using a localized basis SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Review ID SURFACE-BAND CALCULATIONS; TIGHT-BINDING BANDS; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; ATOMIC ENVIRONMENT; SIMPLE SCHEME; INTERFACES; SOLIDS AB We discuss several different techniques for evaluating the Green function for a semi-infinite system using a localized basis. We demonstrate that the different techniques are different ways of calculating the self-energy associated with the surface. They give equivalent results but have different convergence properties. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Alabama, Ctr Mat Informat Technol, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. RP Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 29 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 EI 1361-648X J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD JUN 2 PY 2004 VL 16 IS 21 BP R637 EP R657 AR PII S0953-8984(04)77181-7 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/16/21/R01 PG 21 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 830CX UT WOS:000222100300002 ER PT J AU Vu, DM Peterson, ES Dyer, RB AF Vu, DM Peterson, ES Dyer, RB TI Experimental resolution of early steps in protein folding: Testing molecular dynamics simulations SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID 3-HELIX BUNDLE PROTEIN; TEMPERATURE-JUMP; FAST EVENTS; HELIX; MODEL; PEPTIDE; CONFORMATION; SPECTROSCOPY; SECONDARY; PATHWAYS C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Bowdoin Coll, Dept Chem, Brunswick, ME 04011 USA. RP Dyer, RB (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, MS J586, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM bdyer@lanl.gov FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM 53640] NR 24 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JUN 2 PY 2004 VL 126 IS 21 BP 6546 EP 6547 DI 10.1021/ja048416q PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 824FL UT WOS:000221671400022 PM 15161270 ER PT J AU Franz, JA Birnbaum, JC Kolwaite, DS Linehan, JC Camaioni, DM Dupuis, M AF Franz, JA Birnbaum, JC Kolwaite, DS Linehan, JC Camaioni, DM Dupuis, M TI Activation of the sulfhydryl group by Mo centers: Kinetics of reaction of benzyl radical with a binuclear Mo(mu-SH)Mo complex and with arene and alkane thiols SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID HYDROGEN-ATOM ABSTRACTION; EFFECTIVE CORE POTENTIALS; COMPACT EFFECTIVE POTENTIALS; TRANSITION-METAL HYDRIDES; ABSOLUTE RATE EXPRESSIONS; EXPONENT BASIS-SETS; MOLECULAR CALCULATIONS; MOLYBDENUM COMPLEXES; RATE CONSTANTS; SULFIDO LIGANDS AB This paper provides evidence from kinetic experiments and electronic structure calculations of a significantly reduced S-H bond strength in the Mo(mu-SH)Mo function in the homogeneous catalyst model, CpMo(mu-S)(2)(mu-SH)(2)MoCp (1, Cp = eta(5)-cyclopentadienyl). The reactivity of 1 was explored by determination of a rate expression for hydrogen atom abstraction by benzyl radical from 1 (log(k(abs)/M-1 s(-1)) = (9.07 +/- 0.38) - (3.62 +/- 0.58)/theta) for comparison with expressions for CH3(CH2)(7)SH, log(k(abs)/M-1 s(-1)) = (7.88 +/- 0.35) - (4.64 +/- 0.54)/theta, and for 2-mercaptonaphthalene, log(k(abs)/M-1 s(-1)) = (8.21 +/- 0.17) - (4.24 +/- 0.26)/theta (theta = 2.303RT kcal/mol, 2sigma error). The rate constant for hydrogen atom abstraction at 298 K by benzyl radical from 1 is 2 orders of magnitude greater than that from 1-octanethiol, resulting from the kpredicted (DFT) S-H bond strength of 1 of 73 kcal/mol. The radical CpMo(mu-S)(3)(mu-SH)MoCp, 2, is revealed, from the properties of slow self-reaction, and exclusive cross-combination with reactive benzyl radical, to be a persistent free radical. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Franz, JA (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM james.franz@pnl.gov; jerome.birnbaum@pnl.gov NR 69 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JUN 2 PY 2004 VL 126 IS 21 BP 6680 EP 6691 DI 10.1021/ja049321r PG 12 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 824FL UT WOS:000221671400048 PM 15161296 ER PT J AU Davis, TA AF Davis, TA TI A column pre-ordering strategy for the unsymmetric-pattern multifrontal method SO ACM TRANSACTIONS ON MATHEMATICAL SOFTWARE LA English DT Article DE algorithms; experimentation; performance; sparse nonsymmetric matrices; linear equations; multifrontal method; ordering methods ID SPARSE MATRICES; LU FACTORIZATION; LINEAR-EQUATIONS; SYMBOLIC FACTORIZATION; GAUSSIAN-ELIMINATION; SOLVING SPARSE; SYSTEMS; ALGORITHMS; DESIGN; FILL AB A new method for sparse LU factorization is presented that combines a column pre-ordering strategy with a right-looking unsymmetric-pattern multifrontal numerical factorization. The column ordering is selected to give a good a priori upper bound on fill-in and then refined during numerical factorization ( while preserving the bound). Pivot rows are selected to maintain numerical stability and to preserve sparsity. The method analyzes the matrix and automatically selects one of three pre-ordering and pivoting strategies. The number of nonzeros in the LU factors computed by the method is typically less than or equal to those found by a wide range of unsymmetric sparse LU factorization methods, including left-looking methods and prior multifrontal methods. C1 Univ Florida, Comp & Informat Sci & Engn Dept, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Davis, TA (reprint author), Univ Florida, Comp & Informat Sci & Engn Dept, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM davis@cise.ufl.edu RI Davis, Timothy/I-7248-2012 NR 58 TC 183 Z9 187 U1 0 U2 3 PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY PI NEW YORK PA 1515 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10036 USA SN 0098-3500 J9 ACM T MATH SOFTWARE JI ACM Trans. Math. Softw. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 30 IS 2 BP 165 EP 195 DI 10.1145/992200.992205 PG 31 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA 827TP UT WOS:000221924200005 ER PT J AU Davis, TA AF Davis, TA TI Algorithm 832: UMFPACK V4.3 - An unsymmetric-pattern multifrontal method SO ACM TRANSACTIONS ON MATHEMATICAL SOFTWARE LA English DT Article DE algorithms; experimentation; performance; sparse nonsymmetric matrices; linear equations; multifrontal method; ordering methods AB An ANSI C code for sparse LU factorization is presented that combines a column pre-ordering strategy with a right-looking unsymmetric-pattern multifrontal numerical factorization. The pre-ordering and symbolic analysis phase computes an upper bound on fill-in, work, and memory usage during the subsequent numerical factorization. User-callable routines are provided for ordering and analyzing a sparse matrix, computing the numerical factorization, solving a system with the LU factors, transposing and permuting a sparse matrix, and converting between sparse matrix representations. The simple user interface shields the user from the details of the complex sparse factorization data structures by returning simple handles to opaque objects. Additional user-callable routines are provided for printing and extracting the contents of these opaque objects. An even simpler way to use the package is through its MATLAB interface. UMFPACK is incorporated as a built-in operator in MATLAB 6.5 as x = A\b when A is sparse and unsymmetric. C1 Univ Florida, Comp & Informat Sci & Engn Dept, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Davis, TA (reprint author), Univ Florida, Comp & Informat Sci & Engn Dept, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM davis@cise.ufl.edu RI Davis, Timothy/I-7248-2012 NR 1 TC 522 Z9 535 U1 2 U2 17 PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY PI NEW YORK PA 1515 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10036 USA SN 0098-3500 J9 ACM T MATH SOFTWARE JI ACM Trans. Math. Softw. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 30 IS 2 BP 196 EP 199 DI 10.1145/992200.992206 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA 827TP UT WOS:000221924200006 ER PT J AU Banumathi, S Zwart, PH Ramagopal, UA Dauter, M Dauter, Z AF Banumathi, S Zwart, PH Ramagopal, UA Dauter, M Dauter, Z TI Structural effects of radiation damage and its potential for phasing SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION D-BIOLOGICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; PROTEIN CRYSTALS; MACROMOLECULAR CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION; REFINEMENT; RESOLUTION; CRYOCRYSTALLOGRAPHY AB A detailed analysis of radiation-damage-induced structural and intensity changes is presented on the model protein thaumatin. Changes in reflection intensities induced by irradiation display a parabolic character. The most pronounced structural changes observed were disulfide-bond breakage and associated main-chain and side-chain movements as well as decarboxylation of aspartate and glutamate residues. The structural changes induced on the sulfur atoms were successfully used to obtain high-quality phase estimates via an RIP procedure. Results obtained with ACORN suggest that the contribution originating from the partial structure may play an important role in phasing even at less than atomic resolution. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, MCL, Synchrotron Radiat Res Sect, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, SAIC frederick Inc, Basic Res Program, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Dauter, Z (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Canc Inst, MCL, Synchrotron Radiat Res Sect, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM dauter@bnl.gov FU NCI NIH HHS [N01-CO-12400] NR 40 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 5 PU BLACKWELL MUNKSGAARD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0907-4449 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR D JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. D-Biol. Crystallogr. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 60 BP 1085 EP 1093 DI 10.1107/S0907444904007917 PN 6 PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography GA 822WZ UT WOS:000221572600012 PM 15159568 ER PT J AU Janda, I Devedjiev, Y Cooper, D Chruszcz, M Derewenda, U Gabrys, A Minor, W Joachimiak, A Derewenda, ZS AF Janda, I Devedjiev, Y Cooper, D Chruszcz, M Derewenda, U Gabrys, A Minor, W Joachimiak, A Derewenda, ZS TI Harvesting the high-hanging fruit: the structure of the YdeN gene product from Bacillus subtilis at 1.8 angstrom resolution SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION D-BIOLOGICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; PROTEIN CRYSTALLIZATION; FOLD RECOGNITION; REFINEMENT; GENOMICS; 1.5-ANGSTROM; THIOESTERASE; HYDROLASES; ESTERASES; MUTATIONS AB High-throughput ( HT) protein crystallography is severely impeded by the relatively low success rate of protein crystallization. Proteins whose structures are not solved in the HT pipeline owing to attrition in any phase of the project are referred to as the high-hanging fruit, in contrast to those proteins that yielded good-quality crystals and crystal structures, which are referred to as low-hanging fruit. It has previously been shown that proteins that do not crystallize in the wild-type form can have their surfaces engineered by site-directed mutagenesis in order to create patches of low conformational entropy that are conducive to forming intermolecular interactions. The application of this method to selected proteins from the Bacillus subtilis genome which failed to crystallize in the HT mode is now reported. In this paper, the crystal structure of the product of the YdeN gene is reported. Of three prepared double mutants, i.e. E124A/ K127A, E167A/E169A and K88A/Q89A, the latter gave high-quality crystals and the crystal structure was solved by SAD at 1.8 Angstrom resolution. The protein is a canonical alpha/beta hydrolase, with an active site that is accessible to solvent. C1 Univ Virginia, Dept Mol Physiol & Biol Phys, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Struct Biol Ctr, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Derewenda, ZS (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Dept Mol Physiol & Biol Phys, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA. EM zsd4n@virginia.edu RI Chruszcz, Maksymilian/E-6407-2011; Minor, Wladek/F-3096-2014 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM62615, P-50-GM62414, P50 GM062414, P50 GM062414-02, R01 GM062615] NR 43 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 4 PU BLACKWELL MUNKSGAARD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0907-4449 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR D JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. D-Biol. Crystallogr. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 60 BP 1101 EP 1107 DI 10.1107/S0907444904007188 PN 6 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography GA 822WZ UT WOS:000221572600014 PM 15159570 ER PT J AU Ni, SS McAteer, K Bussiere, DE Kennedy, MA AF Ni, SS McAteer, K Bussiere, DE Kennedy, MA TI Crystallization and preliminary crystallographic analysis of an Enterococcus faecalis repressor protein, CylR2, involved in regulating cytolysin production through quorum-sensing SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION D-BIOLOGICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID VIRULENCE AB CylR2 is one of two regulatory proteins associated with the quorum-sensing-dependent synthesis of cytolysin in the common pathogen Enterococcus faecalis. The protein was expressed with a C-terminal six-histidine tag and purified to homogeneity with a cobalt-affinity column followed by size-exclusion chromatography. Both native and SeMet proteins were produced and crystallized. Complete X-ray diffraction data sets were collected from a native crystal, which diffracted to 2.3 Angstrom resolution, and a SeMet crystal, which diffracted to 2.1 Angstrom. The crystals were tetragonal, belonging to space group P4(1) or P4(3), with unit-cell parameters a=b=66.2, c=40.9 Angstrom, alpha=beta=gamma=90degrees. Based on the calculated Matthews coefficient of 2.6 Angstrom(3) Da(-1) as well as analysis of anomalous difference Patterson maps, the asymmetric unit most likely contains two molecules of CylR2. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Chiron Corp, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA. RP Kennedy, MA (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM ma_kennedy@pnl.gov NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0907-4449 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR D JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. D-Biol. Crystallogr. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 60 BP 1145 EP 1148 DI 10.1107/S0907444904008078 PN 6 PG 4 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography GA 822WZ UT WOS:000221572600027 PM 15159583 ER PT J AU Therrien, B Burrel, AK AF Therrien, B Burrel, AK TI Dichloro(eta(6)-p-cymene)[eta(1)-(2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenyl)phosphine-k appa P]osmium(II) SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION E-STRUCTURE REPORTS ONLINE LA English DT Article ID OSMIUM AB In the title compound, [Os(C10H14)Cl-2(C18H31P)], The presence of bulky substituents imposes a structural distortion on the (2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenyl)phosphine ligand, which is bowed. C1 Univ Neuchatel, Inst Chim, CH-2007 Neuchatel, Switzerland. Los Alamos Natl Lab, CSIC, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Therrien, B (reprint author), Univ Neuchatel, Inst Chim, Case Postale 2, CH-2007 Neuchatel, Switzerland. EM bruno.therrien@unine.ch NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU BLACKWELL MUNKSGAARD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 1600-5368 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR E JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. E.-Struct Rep. Online PD JUN PY 2004 VL 60 BP M863 EP M864 DI 10.1107/S1600536804012474 PN 6 PG 2 WC Crystallography SC Crystallography GA 833WJ UT WOS:000222371200063 ER PT J AU Olbrechts, P Ackermann, M Ahrens, J Albrecht, H Bai, X Bay, R Bartelt, M Barwick, SW Becka, T Becker, KH Becker, JK Bernardini, E Bertrand, D Boersma, DJ Boser, S Botner, O Bouchta, A Bouhali, O Braun, J Burgess, C Burgess, T Castermans, T Chirkin, D Collin, B Conrad, J Cooley, J Cowen, DF Davour, A De Clercq, C DeYoung, T Desiati, P Ekstrom, P Feser, T Gaisser, TK Ganugapati, R Geenen, H Gerhardt, L Goldschmidt, A Gross, A Hallgren, A Halzen, F Hanson, K Hardtke, R Harenberg, T Hauschildt, T Helbing, K Hellwig, M Herquet, P Hill, GC Hodges, J Hubert, D Hughey, B Hulth, PO Hultqvist, K Hundertmark, S Jacobsen, J Kampert, KH Karle, A Kelley, J Kestel, M Kopke, L Kowalski, M Krasberg, M Kuehn, K Leich, H Leuthold, M Liubarsky, I Madsen, J Mandli, K Marciniewski, P Matis, HS McParland, CP Messarius, T Minaeva, Y Miocinovic, P Morse, R Munich, K Nahnhauer, R Nam, JW Neunhoffer, T Niessen, P Nygren, DR Ogelman, H Olbrechts, P De Los Heros, CP Pohl, AC Porrata, R Price, PB Przybylski, GT Rawlins, K Resconi, E Rhode, W Ribordy, M Richter, S Martino, JR Sander, HG Schinarakis, K Schlenstedt, S Schneider, D Schwarz, R Silvestri, A Solarz, M Spiczak, GM Spiering, C Stamatikos, M Steele, D Steffen, P Stokstad, RG Sulanke, KH Taboada, I Wang, YR Wiebusch, CH Wischnewski, R Wissing, H Woschnagg, K Yodh, G AF Olbrechts, P Ackermann, M Ahrens, J Albrecht, H Bai, X Bay, R Bartelt, M Barwick, SW Becka, T Becker, KH Becker, JK Bernardini, E Bertrand, D Boersma, DJ Boser, S Botner, O Bouchta, A Bouhali, O Braun, J Burgess, C Burgess, T Castermans, T Chirkin, D Collin, B Conrad, J Cooley, J Cowen, DF Davour, A De Clercq, C DeYoung, T Desiati, P Ekstrom, P Feser, T Gaisser, TK Ganugapati, R Geenen, H Gerhardt, L Goldschmidt, A Gross, A Hallgren, A Halzen, F Hanson, K Hardtke, R Harenberg, T Hauschildt, T Helbing, K Hellwig, M Herquet, P Hill, GC Hodges, J Hubert, D Hughey, B Hulth, PO Hultqvist, K Hundertmark, S Jacobsen, J Kampert, KH Karle, A Kelley, J Kestel, M Kopke, L Kowalski, M Krasberg, M Kuehn, K Leich, H Leuthold, M Liubarsky, I Madsen, J Mandli, K Marciniewski, P Matis, HS McParland, CP Messarius, T Minaeva, Y Miocinovic, P Morse, R Munich, K Nahnhauer, R Nam, JW Neunhoffer, T Niessen, P Nygren, DR Ogelman, H Olbrechts, P De Los Heros, CP Pohl, AC Porrata, R Price, PB Przybylski, GT Rawlins, K Resconi, E Rhode, W Ribordy, M Richter, S Martino, JR Sander, HG Schinarakis, K Schlenstedt, S Schneider, D Schwarz, R Silvestri, A Solarz, M Spiczak, GM Spiering, C Stamatikos, M Steele, D Steffen, P Stokstad, RG Sulanke, KH Taboada, I Wang, YR Wiebusch, CH Wischnewski, R Wissing, H Woschnagg, K Yodh, G TI Results from the Amanda detector SO ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th Cracow Epiphany Conference on Astroparticle Physics CY JAN 08-11, 2004 CL Polish Acad Arts & Sci, Cracow, POLAND SP Inst Nucl Phys, Henryk Niewodniczanski, Jagiellonian Univ, AGH Univ Sci & Technol HO Polish Acad Arts & Sci ID HIGH-ENERGY NEUTRINOS; SEARCH AB The Antarctic Muon And Neutrino Detector Array (AMANDA) is a high-energy neutrino telescope based at the geographic South Pole. It is a lattice of photo-multiplier tubes buried deep in the polar ice, which is used as interaction and detection medium. The primary goal of this detector is the observation of astronomical sources of high-energy neutrinos. This paper shows the latest results of the search for a diffuse flux of extraterrestrial v(mu)s with energies between 10(11) eV and 10(18) eV, v(mu)s emitted from point sources and v(mu)s from dark matter annihilation in the Earth and the Sun. C1 DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany. Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA. Berg Univ Gesamthsch Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42097 Wuppertal, Germany. Free Univ Brussels, Fac Sci, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, London SW7 2BW, England. Kalmar Univ, Dept Technol, S-39182 Kalmar, Sweden. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany. Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium. Univ Simon Bolivar, Dept Fis, Caracas 1080, Venezuela. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA. Univ Uppsala, Div High Energy Phys, S-75121 Uppsala, Sweden. Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. Free Univ Brussels, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. RP Olbrechts, P (reprint author), DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany. RI Wiebusch, Christopher/G-6490-2012; Kowalski, Marek/G-5546-2012; Hundertmark, Stephan/A-6592-2010; Botner, Olga/A-9110-2013; Hallgren, Allan/A-8963-2013; OI Wiebusch, Christopher/0000-0002-6418-3008; Perez de los Heros, Carlos/0000-0002-2084-5866; Kampert, Karl-Heinz/0000-0002-2805-0195; Hubert, Daan/0000-0002-4365-865X NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA B, JAGELLONIAN UNIV, INST PHYSICS PI KRAKOW PA REYMONTA 4, 30-059 KRAKOW, POLAND SN 0587-4254 J9 ACTA PHYS POL B JI Acta Phys. Pol. B PD JUN-JUL PY 2004 VL 35 IS 6-7 BP 1919 EP 1931 PG 13 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 835QX UT WOS:000222501700013 ER PT J AU Gao, JB Liu, DG Sansinena, JM Wang, HL AF Gao, JB Liu, DG Sansinena, JM Wang, HL TI Synthesis and characterization of electrochromic polyamides with well-defined molecular structures and redox properties SO ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID EMI-SHIELDING MEASUREMENTS; SOLUBLE POLYANILINE; FUNCTIONALIZED OLIGOANILINES; NMR CHARACTERIZATION; CONDUCTING POLYMERS; SULFONIC-ACID; THIN-FILM; BLENDS; ACTUATORS; CORROSION AB In this paper we report the synthesis and characterization of a series of electrochromic polyamides (alternating copolymers). the synthesis proceeds via the condensation polymerization between amine-capped oligoaniline and acyl chlorides such as isophthaloyl dichloride, terephthaloyl chlorode, azelaoyl chloride, and dodecandioyl dichloride. Both the orthogonal tert-butoxy-carbonyl (BOC), group on the oligoaniline segment and the non-conjugated aromatic or aliphatic segment on the polymer backbone play a vital role in the formation of the final polyamides with good solubility in common organic solvents. we cast thin polyamide films from their chloroform solutions and studies their electrochemical behavior and spectroscopic properties. In contrast to the polyaniline, the copolymers bearing oligoaniline segments show four distinct oxidation states, which were fully characterized using IR and UV-vis spectroscopy. The copolymer thin films also exhibit electrochromic behavior when a linear potential sweep is applied. Compared with the polyaniline, the polyamides adhere much more strongly to the indium tin oxide (ITO) coated glass and show the signs of delamination after hundreds of redox cycles in a hydrochloric acid solution. We believe that these factors make these novel polyamides very attractive as electrochromic materials. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Gao, JB (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM hwang@lanl.gov NR 37 TC 83 Z9 85 U1 6 U2 33 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1616-301X J9 ADV FUNCT MATER JI Adv. Funct. Mater. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 14 IS 6 BP 537 EP 543 DI 10.1002/adfm.200305087 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 834MW UT WOS:000222416200002 ER PT J AU Kowalsky, MB Finsterle, S Rubin, Y AF Kowalsky, MB Finsterle, S Rubin, Y TI Estimating flow parameter distributions using ground-penetrating radar and hydrological measurements during transient flow in the vadose zone SO ADVANCES IN WATER RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE vadose zone; GPR; pilot point; joint inversion; transient data; hydraulic parameters ID SOIL HYDRAULIC-PROPERTIES; SIMULATED TRANSMISSIVITY FIELDS; PILOT POINT METHODOLOGY; CROSS-BOREHOLE RADAR; WATER-CONTENT; AUTOMATED CALIBRATION; SPATIAL VARIABILITY; UNSATURATED SOIL; INVERSE PROBLEM; MODEL AB Methods for estimating the parameter distributions necessary for modeling fluid flow and contaminant transport in the shallow subsurface are in great demand. Soil properties such as permeability, porosity, and water retention are typically estimated through the inversion of hydrological data (e.g., measurements of capillary pressure and water saturation). However, ill-posedness and nonuniqueness commonly arise in such non-linear inverse problems making their solutions elusive. Incorporating additional types of data, such as from geophysical methods, may greatly improve the success of inverse modeling. In particular, ground-penetrating radar (GPR) methods have proven sensitive to subsurface fluid flow processes and appear promising for such applications. In the present work, an inverse technique is presented which allows for the estimation of flow parameter distributions and the prediction of flow phenomena using GPR and hydrological measurements collected during a transient flow experiment. Specifically, concepts from the pilot point method were implemented in a maximum a posteriori (MAP) framework to allow for the generation of permeability distributions that are conditional to permeability point measurements, that maintain specified patterns of spatial correlation, and that are consistent with geophysical and hydrological data. The current implementation of the approach allows for additional flow parameters to be estimated concurrently if they are assumed uniform and uncorrelated with the permeability distribution. (The method itself allows for heterogeneity in these parameters to be considered, and it allows for parameters of the petrophysical and semivariogram models to be estimated as well.) Through a synthetic example, performance of the method is evaluated under various conditions, and some conclusions are made regarding the joint use of transient GPR and hydrological measurements in estimating fluid flow parameters in the vadose zone. (C) 2004 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Kowalsky, MB (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 90-1116, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM mbkowalsky@lbl.gov; safinsterle@lbl.gov; rubin@ce.berkeley.edu RI Finsterle, Stefan/A-8360-2009 OI Finsterle, Stefan/0000-0002-4446-9906 NR 54 TC 85 Z9 85 U1 1 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0309-1708 J9 ADV WATER RESOUR JI Adv. Water Resour. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 27 IS 6 BP 583 EP 599 DI 10.1016/j.advwatres.2004.03.003 PG 17 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA 826FH UT WOS:000221814200002 ER PT J AU Lipsky, EM Pekney, NJ Walbert, GF O'Dowd, WJ Freeman, MC Robinson, A AF Lipsky, EM Pekney, NJ Walbert, GF O'Dowd, WJ Freeman, MC Robinson, A TI Effects of dilution sampling on fine particle emissions from pulverized coal combustion SO AEROSOL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FIRED POWER-PLANT; PLUMES; STACK; SELENIUM; OPACITY; EXHAUST; SULFUR; POINT; GAS AB A dilution sampler was used to examine the effects of dilution ratio and residence time on fine-particle emissions from a pilot-scale pulverized coal combustor. Measurements include the particle size distribution from 0.003 to 2.5 mum, PM2.5 mass, and PM2.5 composition (OC/EC, major ions, and elemental). Heated filter samples were also collected simultaneously at stack temperatures in order to compare the dilution sampler measurements with standard stack sampling methodologies. Measurements were made both before and after the bag house, the particle control device used on the coal combustor, and while firing three different coal types and one coal-biomass blend. The PM2.5 mass emission rates measured using the dilution sampler agreed to within experimental uncertainty with those measured with the hot-filter sampler. Relative to the heated filter sample, dilution did increase the PM2.5 mass fraction of selenium for all fuels tested, as well as ammonium and sulfate for selected fuels. However, the additional particulate mass created by gas-to-particle conversion of these species is within the uncertainty of the gravimetric analysis used to determine the overall mass emission rate. The enrichment of PM2.5 selenium caused by dilution did not vary with dilution ratio and residence time. The enrichment of PM2.5 sulfate and ammonium varied with fuel composition and dilution ratio but not residence time. For example, ammonium was only enriched in diluted acidic aerosol samples. A comparison of the PM2.5 emission profiles for each of the fuels tested underscores how differences in PM2.5 composition are related to the fuel ash composition. When sampling after the bag house, the particle size distribution and total particle number emission rate did not depend on residence time and dilution ratio because of the much lower particle number concentrations in diluted sample and the absence of nucleation. These results provide new insight into the effects of dilution sampling on measurements of fine particle emissions, providing important data for the ongoing effort of the EPA and ASTM to define a standardized dilution sampling methodology for characterizing emissions from stationary combustion sources. C1 Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Robinson, A (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Mech Engn, 5000 Forbes Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. EM alr@andrew.cmu.edu RI Robinson, Allen/I-5713-2012; Robinson, Allen/M-3046-2014 OI Robinson, Allen/0000-0003-1053-7090; Robinson, Allen/0000-0002-1819-083X NR 25 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 17 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0278-6826 J9 AEROSOL SCI TECH JI Aerosol Sci. Technol. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 38 IS 6 BP 574 EP 587 DI 10.1080/02786820490479851 PG 14 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 841TF UT WOS:000222953800002 ER PT J AU Yu, D Sipos, T Wu, MM Bilbault, T Lynch, MC Naleway, C AF Yu, D Sipos, T Wu, MM Bilbault, T Lynch, MC Naleway, C TI Effect of fluoride/essential oils-containing mouthrinse on the microhardness of demineralized bovine enamel SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DENTISTRY LA English DT Article ID SODIUM-FLUORIDE; CARIES AB Purpose: To assess the ability of a fluoride mouthrinse containing a fixed combination of essential oils (thymol, menthol, eucalyptol, and methyl salicylate) to inhibit demineralization as compared with that of a clinically established NaF rinse. Methods: Inhibition in sound bovine enamel to demineralization was assessed utilizing a cyclic T/R/D (treatment/remineralization/demineralization) in vitro model where Knoop microhardness was monitored over 6, 12, and 18 T/R/D cycles. Results: Both fluoride-containing mouthrinses resulted in statistically significant increase in microhardness when compared to the non-fluoride control mouthrinse, possibly demonstrating and validating the in vitro model's ability to parallel the clinically established benefit of a 0.022% NaF rinse to inhibit demineralization. In addition, the test formulation was shown to be "at least as good as" the NaF positive control in increasing enamel microhardness following each of the 6, 12, and 18 T/R/D cycles. C1 Pfizer Inc, Consumer Healthcare R&D, Morris Plains, NJ USA. Pfizer Inc, Digest Care Inc, Morris Plains, NJ USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Yu, D (reprint author), 175 Tabor Rd, Morris Plains, NJ 07950 USA. EM Duncan.yu@pfizer.com NR 15 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSHER & LINDER, INC PI WESTON PA 318 INDIAN TRACE #500, WESTON, FL 33326 USA SN 0894-8275 J9 AM J DENT JI Am. J. Dent. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 17 IS 3 BP 216 EP 218 PG 3 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 838FK UT WOS:000222698700016 PM 15301222 ER PT J AU Mendell, MJ Lei, Q Macher, JM Cozen, M Tsai, FC Shendell, DG AF Mendell, MJ Lei, Q Macher, JM Cozen, M Tsai, FC Shendell, DG TI Moisture-indicating microorganisms, water damage, and symptoms in 100 US office buildings SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 37th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Epidemiologic-Research CY JUN 15-18, 2004 CL Salt Lake City, UT SP Soc Epidemiol Res C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2004 VL 159 IS 11 SU S BP S21 EP S21 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 826GH UT WOS:000221816800083 ER PT J AU Armien, B Pascale, JM Bayard, V Munoz, C Mosca, I Guerrero, G Armien, A Quiroz, E Castillo, Z Zaldivar, Y Gracia, F Hjelle, B Koster, F AF Armien, B Pascale, JM Bayard, V Munoz, C Mosca, I Guerrero, G Armien, A Quiroz, E Castillo, Z Zaldivar, Y Gracia, F Hjelle, B Koster, F TI High seroprevalence of hantavirus infection on the Azuero peninsula of Panama SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID SOUTHWESTERN UNITED-STATES; SIN NOMBRE HANTAVIRUS; PULMONARY SYNDROME; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; RENAL SYNDROME; OUTBREAK; DISEASE; VIRUS; IDENTIFICATION; ARGENTINA AB The first outbreak of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) in Central America was documented on the Azuero peninsula of Panama in late 1999 and 2000. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction evidence implicated only Choclo virus in symptomatic HPS with a mortality rate of 20%, although two rodent-borne hantaviruses (Choclo virus and Calabazo virus) were identified in the peridomestic habitat. Neighborhood serosurveys around case households found seroprevalence rates as high as 30%, the highest in the Americas except for western Paraguay. We report here population-based serosurveys for 1,346 adults and children in four communities, three on the Azuero peninsula and one in adjacent central Panama. Overall seroprevalence ranged from 33.2% in a population engaged in farming and fishing on Isla de Cahas, to 16.3% and 21.2% in two mainland agricultural communities, to 3.1% in central Panama, with a modest male predominance of 1.2:1. Nine percent of children 4-10 years old were seropositive, and seroprevalence increased with age in all communities, with highest levels of 52% in those 41-50 years old cohort on Isla de Canas. Univariate analysis identified correlations between seroprevalence and multiple agricultural and animal husbandry activities. However, stepwise logistic regression models identified only raising animals (cows, pigs, goats, poultry) and fishing as significant independent variables. Human infection with hantavirus on the Azuero peninsula, either with Choclo virus or combined with Calabazo virus, is frequent but rarely results in hospitalization due to respiratory illnesses resembling HPS. C1 Gorgas Mem Inst Hlth Studies, Panama City, Panama. Minist Hlth, Panama City, Panama. Univ New Mexico, Hlth Sci Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Armien, B (reprint author), Gorgas Mem Inst Hlth Studies, Panama City, Panama. EM barmien@gorgas.gob.pa; fkoster@irri.org RI Armien, Anibal/A-6546-2010 FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI-45452] NR 29 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 70 IS 6 BP 682 EP 687 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 831IK UT WOS:000222187900019 PM 15211014 ER EF