FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Van Stipdonk, MJ Chien, W Anbalagan, V Gresham, GL Groenewold, GS AF Van Stipdonk, MJ Chien, W Anbalagan, V Gresham, GL Groenewold, GS TI Oxidation of 2-propanol ligands during collision-induced dissociation of a gas-phase uranyl complex SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article DE 2-propanol oxidation; tandem mass spectrometry; uranyl-ligand cations; collision-induced-dissociation; electrospray ionization ID TRAP MASS-SPECTROMETER; QUADRUPOLE ION-TRAP; ACTINIDE ALKOXIDE CHEMISTRY; ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY; MOLECULE REACTIONS; METAL-IONS; HYDRATION; CATIONS; OXYANIONS; ALCOHOL AB We demonstrate, by way of multi-stage tandem mass spectrometry and extensive deuterium labeling, that 2-propanol is converted to acetone, and 2-propoxide to acetaldehyde, when monopositive 2-propanol-coordinated uranyl-ligand cations are subjected to collision-induced dissociation in the gas-phase environment of an ion trap mass spectrometer. A species with formula [(UO2OCH(CH3)(2))(HOCH(CH3)(2)](+), derived from dissociation of the gas-phase precursor [(UO2NO3)(HOCH(CH3)(2))(3)](+) eliminates two H atoms and 'CH3 in consecutive stages to generate a monopositive complex composed of the U(V) species UO2+ coordinated by acetone and acetaldehyde, i.e. [UO2+(C=C(CH3)(2))(O=C(H)CH3)] Dissociation of this latter ion resulted in elimination of the two coordinating carbonyl ligands in two consecutive dissociation stages to leave UO2+. Analogous reactions were not observed for uranyl complexes containing 1-propanol or 2-methyl-2-propanol, or for cationic complexes with divalent metals such as Ni2+, CO2+, Pb2+ and Ca2+. One explanation for these reactions is bond insertion by the metal center in the bis-ligated uranyl complex, which would be expected to have an LUMO consisting of unoccupied 6d-orbitals that would confer transition metal-like behavior on the complex. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Wichita State Univ, Dept Chem, Wichita, KS 67260 USA. Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Van Stipdonk, MJ (reprint author), Wichita State Univ, Dept Chem, Wichita, KS 67260 USA. EM mike.vanstipdonk@wichita.edu NR 57 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3806 J9 INT J MASS SPECTROM JI Int. J. Mass Spectrom. PD OCT 1 PY 2004 VL 237 IS 2-3 BP 175 EP 183 DI 10.1016/j.ijms.2004.07.007 PG 9 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA 860GV UT WOS:000224331400007 ER PT J AU Samuel, S AF Samuel, S TI On the speed of gravity and the Jupiter/quasar measurement SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS D LA English DT Review DE speed of gravity; general relativity; quasar J0842+1845 ID GENERAL RELATIVITY; FOURTH TEST; TIME-DELAY; PROPAGATION AB I present the theory and analysis behind the experiment by Fomalont and Kopeikin involving Jupiter and quasar J0842+1845 that purported to measure the speed of gravity. The computation of the v(J)/c correction to the gravitational time delay difference relevant to the experiment is derived, where vj is the speed of Jupiter as measured from Earth. Since the vj/c corrections are too small to have been measured in the Jupiter/quasar experiment, it is impossible that the speed of gravity was extracted from the data, and I explain what went wrong with the data analysis. Finally, mistakes are shown in papers by Fomalont and Kopeikin intended to rebut my work and the work of others. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Theory Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Samuel, S (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Theory Grp, MS 50A-5101,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM samuel@thsrv.lbl.gov NR 21 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0218-2718 J9 INT J MOD PHYS D JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. D PD OCT PY 2004 VL 13 IS 9 BP 1753 EP 1770 DI 10.1142/S0218271804005900 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 874PP UT WOS:000225362600001 ER PT J AU Min, KB Rutqvist, J Tsang, CF Jing, LR AF Min, KB Rutqvist, J Tsang, CF Jing, LR TI Stress-dependent permeability of fractured rock masses: a numerical study SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ROCK MECHANICS AND MINING SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE stress-dependent permeability; fractured rock; distinct element method; discrete fracture network; channeling ID FLUID-FLOW; ANISOTROPIC PERMEABILITY; HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY; DEFORMATION; EXCAVATION; APERTURE; TUNNELS; INTACT; TENSOR; MODEL AB We investigate the stress-dependent permeability issue in fractured rock masses considering the effects of nonlinear normal deformation and shear dilation of fractures using a two-dimensional distinct element method program, UDEC, based on a realistic discrete fracture network realization. A series of "numerical" experiments were conducted to calculate changes in the permeability of simulated fractured rock masses under various loading conditions. Numerical experiments were conducted in two ways: (1) increasing the overall stresses with a fixed ratio of horizontal to vertical stresses components; and (2) increasing the differential stresses (i.e., the difference between the horizontal and vertical stresses) while keeping the magnitude of vertical stress constant. These numerical experiments show that the permeability of fractured rocks decreases with increased stress magnitudes when the stress ratio is not large enough to cause shear dilation of fractures, whereas permeability increases with increased stress when the stress ratio is large enough. Permeability changes at low stress levels are more sensitive than at high stress levels due to the nonlinear fracture normal stress-displacement relation. Significant stress-induced channeling is observed as the shear dilation causes the concentration of fluid flow along connected shear fractures. Anisotropy of permeability emerges with the increase of differential stresses, and this anisotropy can become more prominent with the influence of shear dilation and localized flow paths. A set of empirical equations in closed-form, accounting for both normal closure and shear dilation of the fractures, is proposed to model the stress-dependent permeability. These equations prove to be in good agreement with the results obtained from our numerical experiments. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Royal Inst Technol, KTH, Dept Land & Water Resources Engn, Engn Geol & Geophys Res Grp, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Min, KB (reprint author), Royal Inst Technol, KTH, Dept Land & Water Resources Engn, Engn Geol & Geophys Res Grp, Tekn Ringen 72, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden. EM kibok@kth.se RI Min, Ki-Bok/B-5374-2008; Rutqvist, Jonny/F-4957-2015 OI Min, Ki-Bok/0000-0001-7463-7395; Rutqvist, Jonny/0000-0002-7949-9785 NR 43 TC 117 Z9 148 U1 6 U2 68 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1365-1609 J9 INT J ROCK MECH MIN JI Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 41 IS 7 BP 1191 EP 1210 DI 10.1016/j.ijrmms.2004.05.005 PG 20 WC Engineering, Geological; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Engineering; Mining & Mineral Processing GA 855WH UT WOS:000224005100010 ER PT J AU Bollen, LJM Kilmarx, PH Tappero, JW AF Bollen, LJM Kilmarx, PH Tappero, JW TI Interpretation of genital findings in microbicide safety trials: review of the 'Photo Atlas for Microbicide Evaluation' SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting on Assessing Inflammation and Epithelial Integrity in Vaginal Product Research CY NOV 19-21, 2003 CL DOMINICAN REP SP CONRAD, WHO DE Genital findings; microbicide clinical trials; photo atlas AB The Photo Atlas for Microbicide Evaluation was published in May 2002 for distribution among researchers to be used as a training or reference document during microbicide clinical trials. We have reviewed the contents of the Photo Atlas, including the interpretation and documentation of genital findings. The rationale for the categorization of genital lesions into different lesion types is also discussed. Efforts will continue to standardize colposcopy until more accurate and objective methods become available to assess the safety of candidate microbicides. C1 US CDC, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand. Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, AL USA. BOTUSA Project, Gaborone, Botswana. RP Bollen, LJM (reprint author), US CDC, POB 139, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand. EM lbollen@tuc.or.th NR 7 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD OCT PY 2004 VL 37 SU 3 BP S156 EP S159 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 867FZ UT WOS:000224829100004 PM 16419265 ER PT J AU Ott, RD Kadolkar, P Blue, CA Cole, AC Thompson, GB AF Ott, RD Kadolkar, P Blue, CA Cole, AC Thompson, GB TI The pulse thermal processing of nanocrystalline silicon thin-films SO JOM LA English DT Article AB Pulse thermal processing (PTP) has the capability of processing thin-films and nanoparticles over broad areas utilizing high-density infrared plasma arc lamp technology. Heating rates reaching 600,000degreesC/s, which is orders of magnitude larger than current state-of-the-art rapid thermal annealing systems, are possible that allow, controlled diffusion on the nanoscale. The ability to control heating at these levels permits processing thin-films and nanoparticles on temperature-sensitive substrates such as polymers. The PTP technique has been used to crystallize spattered amorphous silicon thin-films on sapphire substrates. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL USA. RP Ott, RD (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM ottr@ornl.gov NR 13 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 4 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 1047-4838 J9 JOM-US JI JOM PD OCT PY 2004 VL 56 IS 10 BP 45 EP 47 DI 10.1007/s11837-004-0290-4 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing GA 861VG UT WOS:000224446100010 ER PT J AU Carpick, RW Flater, EE Sridharan, K Ogletree, DF Salmeron, M AF Carpick, RW Flater, EE Sridharan, K Ogletree, DF Salmeron, M TI Atomic-scale friction and its connection to fracture mechanics SO JOM LA English DT Article ID INTERFACIAL SHEAR-STRENGTH; SINGLE-ASPERITY CONTACTS; LATERAL FORCE MICROSCOPY; CALIBRATION METHOD; NANOMETER-SCALE; ADHESION; SURFACE; STIFFNESS; LOAD; AREA AB This paper presents a study of contact, adhesion, and friction for nano-asperities using atomic-force microscopy. Proportionality was observed between friction and true contact area, as well as agreement with continuum mechanics models at the nanometer scale, although several features unique to the nanoscale were also observed. The continuum models can be understood in the framework of fracture mechanics and are used to determine the fundamental tribological parameters of nanoscale interfaces: the interfacial shear strength and the work of adhesion. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Engn Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Carpick, RW (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Engn Phys, 543 Engn Res Bldg, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM carpick@engr.wisc.edu RI Ogletree, D Frank/D-9833-2016 OI Ogletree, D Frank/0000-0002-8159-0182 NR 53 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 10 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1047-4838 J9 JOM-US JI JOM PD OCT PY 2004 VL 56 IS 10 BP 48 EP 52 DI 10.1007/s11837-004-0291-3 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing GA 861VG UT WOS:000224446100011 ER PT J AU Zhu, YT Langdon, TG AF Zhu, YT Langdon, TG TI The fundamentals of nanostructured materials processed by severe plastic deformation SO JOM LA English DT Article ID STRAIN-RATE SUPERPLASTICITY; ULTRAFINE-GRAINED TITANIUM; COMMERCIAL ALUMINUM-ALLOYS; HIGH-PRESSURE TORSION; NANOCRYSTALLINE AL; MICROSTRUCTURAL EVOLUTION; THERMAL-STABILITY; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; BEHAVIOR; METALS AB Nanostructured materials produced by severe plastic deformation (SPD) are 100% dense, contamination-free, and sufficiently large for use in real commercial structural applications. These materials are found to have high strength, good ductility, superior superplasticity, a low friction coefficient, high wear resistance, enhanced high-cycle fatigue life, and good corrosion resistance. This article reviews the structures and properties of nanostructured materials produced by SPD and reports recent progress in determining the deformation mechanisms that lead to these superior mechanical properties. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ So Calif, Dept Aeronaut & Mech Engn, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ So Calif, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Zhu, YT (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM yzhu@lanl.gov RI Langdon, Terence/B-1487-2008; Zhu, Yuntian/B-3021-2008 OI Zhu, Yuntian/0000-0002-5961-7422 NR 56 TC 108 Z9 114 U1 3 U2 42 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1047-4838 J9 JOM-US JI JOM PD OCT PY 2004 VL 56 IS 10 BP 58 EP 63 DI 10.1007/s11837-004-0294-0 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing GA 861VG UT WOS:000224446100014 ER PT J AU Lowe, TC Valiev, RZ AF Lowe, TC Valiev, RZ TI The use of severe plastic deformation techniques in grain refinement SO JOM LA English DT Article ID BONDING ARB PROCESS; EVOLUTIONS; ALLOYS; METALS; NICKEL; SHEAR AB Severe plastic deformation (SPD) has emerged as a promising method to produce ultrafine-grained materials with attractive properties. Today, SPD techniques are rapidly developing and are on the verge of moving from lab-scale research into commercial production. This paper discusses new trends in the development of SPD techniques such as high-pressure torsion and equal-channel angle pressing, as well as new alternative techniques for introducing SPD. The paper also contains a comparative analysis of SPD techniques in terms of their relative capabilities for grain refinement, enhancement of properties, and potential to economically produce ultrafine-grained metals and alloys. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Sci & Technol Base Programs, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Ufa State Aviat Tech Univ, Inst Phys Adv Mat, Ufa, Russia. RP Lowe, TC (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Sci & Technol Base Programs, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM tlowe@lanl.gov NR 37 TC 47 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 10 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1047-4838 J9 JOM-US JI JOM PD OCT PY 2004 VL 56 IS 10 BP 64 EP + DI 10.1007/s11837-004-0295-z PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing GA 861VG UT WOS:000224446100015 ER PT J AU Gibson, WM Schultz, AJ Richardson, JW Carpenter, JM Mildner, DFR Chen-Mayer, HH Miller, ME Maxey, ER Youngman, R AF Gibson, WM Schultz, AJ Richardson, JW Carpenter, JM Mildner, DFR Chen-Mayer, HH Miller, ME Maxey, ER Youngman, R TI Convergent-beam neutron crystallography SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID OF-FLIGHT NEUTRON; X-RAY OPTICS; MACROMOLECULAR CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; LAUE DIFFRACTION; PROTEIN CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; DATA-COLLECTION; SYSTEM AB Two monolithic polycapillary optics of different focal length and beam convergence are employed to investigate the use of focusing lenses for the neutron convergent-beam method for time-of-flight crystallography with a broad neutron wavelength bandwidth. The optic of short output focal length ( 15.5 mm) with a beam convergence of 16.8 (10)degrees has a focal spot diameter of similar to 100 mum for 3.2 Angstrom neutrons. For an MnF2 single-crystal sample of this diameter on a pulsed neutron source, this lens gives an expected integrated intensity gain of similar to 100 for a 020 Bragg peak. Further measurements on a powder diffractometer show that the expected diffracted beam intensities for Ni have gains in excess of 500 for powder samples of this diameter. The degradation of resolution is minimized in the backscattering geometry. C1 Xray Opt Syst Inc, E Greenbush, NY 12061 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Intense pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. RP Gibson, WM (reprint author), Xray Opt Syst Inc, 15 Tech Valley Dr, E Greenbush, NY 12061 USA. EM wgibson@xos.com NR 25 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL MUNKSGAARD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0021-8898 J9 J APPL CRYSTALLOGR JI J. Appl. Crystallogr. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 37 BP 778 EP 785 DI 10.1107/S0021889804015882 PN 5 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA 853WE UT WOS:000223858900013 ER PT J AU Alkire, RW Schuessler, R Rotella, FJ Gonczy, JD Rosenbaum, G AF Alkire, RW Schuessler, R Rotella, FJ Gonczy, JD Rosenbaum, G TI Re-thinking the role of the beamstop at a synchrotron-based protein crystallography beamline SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID AREA DETECTORS; DEVICE AB A 1 mm vertical-profile X-ray beamstop has been designed to operate in the energy range 6 - 20 keV. The relationship between the beamstop-to-sample distance and air scatter is discussed with the intent of establishing criteria for optimal beamstop positioning during an experiment. Different choices for beamstop materials are described with respect to stopping power, fluorescence and scattering from the surface. Suggestions for improvements in beamstop design are presented which are applicable for future automation and equipment safety. All work was performed on the Structural Biology Center insertion-device beamline, 19ID, at the Advanced Photon Source. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Georgia, Dept Biochem, APS, SER CAT, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Alkire, RW (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM alkire@anl.gov NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL MUNKSGAARD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0021-8898 J9 J APPL CRYSTALLOGR JI J. Appl. Crystallogr. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 37 BP 836 EP 840 DI 10.1107/S0021889804014499 PN 5 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA 853WE UT WOS:000223858900021 ER PT J AU Banta, RM Darby, LS Fast, JD Pinto, JO Whiteman, CD Shaw, WJ Orr, BW AF Banta, RM Darby, LS Fast, JD Pinto, JO Whiteman, CD Shaw, WJ Orr, BW TI Nocturnal low-level jet in a mountain basin complex. part I: Evolution and effects on local flows SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article ID BOUNDARY-LAYER EVOLUTION; COLORADO FRONT RANGE; METEOROLOGICALLY RELEVANT CHARACTERISTICS; DOPPLER LIDAR MEASUREMENTS; IMPROVED MOMENT ESTIMATION; DRAINAGE FLOWS; CANYONLAND BASIN; CLOSURE-MODEL; GRAND-CANYON; VALLEY AB A Doppler lidar deployed to the center of the Great Salt Lake (GSL) basin during the Vertical Transport and Mixing (VTMX) field campaign in October 2000 found a diurnal cycle of the along-basin winds with northerly up-basin flow during the day and a southerly down-basin low-level jet at night. The emphasis of VTMX was on stable atmospheric processes in the cold-air pool that formed in the basin at night. During the night the jet was fully formed as it entered the GSL basin from the south. Thus, it was a feature of the complex string of basins draining toward the Great Salt Lake, which included at least the Utah Lake basin to the south. The timing of the evening reversal to down-basin flow was sensitive to the larger-scale north-south pressure gradient imposed on the basin complex. On nights when the pressure gradient was not too strong, local drainage flow (slope flows and canyon outflow) was well developed along the Wasatch Range to the east and coexisted with the basin jet. The coexistence of these two types of flow generated localized regions of convergence and divergence, in which regions of vertical motion and transport were focused. Mesoscale numerical simulations captured these features and indicated that updrafts on the order of 5 cm s(-1) could persist in these localized convergence zones, contributing to vertical displacement of air masses within the basin cold pool. C1 NOAA, ET2, Environm Technol Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA. Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. RP Banta, RM (reprint author), NOAA, ET2, Environm Technol Lab, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. EM robert.banta@noaa.gov RI Banta, Robert/B-8361-2008; Darby, Lisa/A-8037-2009 OI Darby, Lisa/0000-0003-1271-0643 NR 64 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0894-8763 J9 J APPL METEOROL JI J. Appl. Meteorol. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 43 IS 10 BP 1348 EP 1365 DI 10.1175/JAM2142.1 PG 18 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 870ZV UT WOS:000225099200002 ER PT J AU Barabash, OM Horton, JA Babu, SS Vitek, JM David, SA Park, JW Ice, GE Barabash, RI AF Barabash, OM Horton, JA Babu, SS Vitek, JM David, SA Park, JW Ice, GE Barabash, RI TI Evolution of dislocation structure in the heat affected zone of a nickel-based single crystal SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID STRAIN GRADIENT PLASTICITY; INTERNAL-STRESSES; SUPERALLOY AB Using polychromatic microbeam synchrotron diffraction together with electron and optical microscopy, we studied dislocation structure changes of Ni-based single crystal superalloy during impulse heating up to the melting temperature. It is shown that the distribution of the thermal gradient is not monotonic. The maximum value of the thermal gradient is observed in the heat affected zone near the fusion line. Depending on the temperature, the formation of dislocation is accompanied by the partial or complete dissolution of gamma' particles in the matrix. Dislocations form and multiply due to thermal gradients, and their arrangement correlates with temperature gradient field and with the dissolution and reprecipitation of gamma' particles. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Barabash, OM (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM barabashom@ornl.gov RI Babu, Sudarsanam/D-1694-2010 OI Babu, Sudarsanam/0000-0002-3531-2579 NR 18 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD OCT 1 PY 2004 VL 96 IS 7 BP 3673 EP 3679 DI 10.1063/1.1777393 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 857VB UT WOS:000224145800011 ER PT J AU Bringa, EM Cazamias, JU Erhart, P Stolken, J Tanushev, N Wirth, BD Rudd, RE Caturla, MJ AF Bringa, EM Cazamias, JU Erhart, P Stolken, J Tanushev, N Wirth, BD Rudd, RE Caturla, MJ TI Atomistic shock Hugoniot simulation of single-crystal copper SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; EQUATION-OF-STATE; METALS; CU; PRESSURE; MODEL; WAVES; MO; AL; COMPRESSION AB Planar shock waves in single-crystal copper were simulated using nonequilibrium molecular dynamics with a realistic embedded atom potential. The simulation results are in good agreement with new experimental data presented here, for the Hugoniot of single-crystal copper along <100>. Simulations were performed for Hugoniot pressures in the range 2 GPa - 800 GPa, up to well above the shock induced melting transition. Large anisotropies are found for shock propagation along <100>, <110>, and <111>, with quantitative differences from pair potentials results. Plastic deformation starts at U(p)greater than or similar to0.75 km/s, and melting occurs between 200 and 220 GPa, in agreement with the experimental melting pressure of polycrystalline copper. The Voigt and Reuss averages of our simulated Hugoniot do not compare well below melting with the experimental Hugoniot of polycrystalline copper. This is possibly due to experimental targets with preferential texturing and/or a much lower Hugoniot elastic limit. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Tech Univ Darmstadt, Inst Mat Wissensch, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Math, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Nucl Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Alicante, Dept Fis Aplicada, E-03690 Alicante, Spain. RP Bringa, EM (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Bringa, Eduardo/F-8918-2011; Caturla, Maria /D-6241-2012; Erhart, Paul/G-6260-2011; Wirth, Brian/O-4878-2015 OI Caturla, Maria /0000-0002-4809-6553; Erhart, Paul/0000-0002-2516-6061; Wirth, Brian/0000-0002-0395-0285 NR 53 TC 121 Z9 125 U1 0 U2 25 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD OCT 1 PY 2004 VL 96 IS 7 BP 3793 EP 3799 DI 10.1063/1.1789266 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 857VB UT WOS:000224145800032 ER PT J AU Mahan, AH Biswas, R Gedvilas, LM Williamson, DL Pan, BC AF Mahan, AH Biswas, R Gedvilas, LM Williamson, DL Pan, BC TI On the influence of short and medium range order on the material band gap in hydrogenated amorphous silicon SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID A-SI-H; CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; SOLAR-CELLS; THIN-FILMS; DILUTION; MICROCRYSTALLINITY; CRYSTALLINITY; SPECTROSCOPY; SILANE; ONSET AB We examine different types of order measured in hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) and their effect on the optical absorption (band gap). We first review previous experimental work determining order on a short-range scale as probed by Raman spectroscopy, and provide, using molecular dynamics simulations, a theoretical explanation for why the band gap increases when this type of ordering is improved. We then present results on a-Si:H films deposited by hot wire chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and plasma enhanced CVD where the short-range order, from Raman spectroscopy, does not change, but order on a larger or medium-range scale does. This order is determined by measuring the width of the first x-ray diffraction peak, and was varied by depositing films at different substrate temperatures and/or different hydrogen dilutions. We find that the film band gap also increases when this type of ordering improves, and we provide a possible mechanism to explain these trends. We also suggest that much of the previous literature showing an increase in band gap with increasing film hydrogen content should be treated with caution, as these works may not have accurately deconvoluted the effects of optical adsorption due to film hydrogenation from those due to both types of lattice ordering. Finally, we argue that this same trend may apply, to a limited extent, to microcrystalline silicon. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ctr Microelect Res, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Phys, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Univ Sci & Technol China, Dept Phys, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. RP Mahan, AH (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RI Pan, Bicai/A-1235-2010 NR 42 TC 33 Z9 35 U1 2 U2 15 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD OCT 1 PY 2004 VL 96 IS 7 BP 3818 EP 3826 DI 10.1063/1.1772876 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 857VB UT WOS:000224145800036 ER PT J AU Gonzalez, GB Mason, TO Quintana, JP Warschkow, O Ellis, DE Hwang, JH Hodges, JP Jorgensen, JD AF Gonzalez, GB Mason, TO Quintana, JP Warschkow, O Ellis, DE Hwang, JH Hodges, JP Jorgensen, JD TI Defect structure studies of bulk and nano-indium-tin oxide SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID RAY-ABSORPTION-SPECTROSCOPY; X-RAY; ELECTRICAL-PROPERTIES; THIN-FILMS; IN2O3; DIFFRACTION; ITO; CONDUCTIVITY; REFINEMENT; SNO2 AB The defect structure of bulk and nano-indium-tin oxide was investigated by a combination of experimental techniques, including high-resolution synchrotron x-ray diffraction, extended x-ray absorption fine structure, and time-of-flight neutron diffraction on powder specimens. The structural results include atomic positions, cation distributions, and oxygen interstitial populations for oxidized and reduced materials. These structural parameters were correlated with theoretical calculations and in situ electrical conductivity and thermopower measurements as well as existing defect models, with special reference to the model of Frank and Kostlin [G. Frank and H. Kostlin, Appl. Phys. A 27, 197 (1982)]. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Northwestern Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Hongik Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Seoul, South Korea. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Spallat Neutron Source Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Gonzalez, GB (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RI Warschkow, Oliver/C-1507-2008; Mason, Thomas/B-7528-2009; Hodges, Jason/K-1421-2013; OI Hodges, Jason/0000-0003-3016-4578 NR 33 TC 126 Z9 126 U1 7 U2 43 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD OCT 1 PY 2004 VL 96 IS 7 BP 3912 EP 3920 DI 10.1063/1.1783610 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 857VB UT WOS:000224145800053 ER PT J AU van der Weerd, J Smith, GD Firth, S Clark, RJH AF van der Weerd, J Smith, GD Firth, S Clark, RJH TI Identification of black pigments on prehistoric Southwest American potsherds by infrared and Raman microscopy SO JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Raman microscopy; ancestral puebloan pottery; carbon-based pigments; iron oxides ID MICROPROBE SPECTROSCOPY; POTTERY FRAGMENTS; PAINTED POTTERY; ANCIENT; GRAPHITE; MINERALS; SPECTRA; LIBRARY; CARBON AB Raman and infrared microscopy have been used to characterise the black pigments on prehistoric Southwest American black-on-white pottery. Conclusive spectroscopic evidence for the use of carbon-based paints on these sherds has been provided using the Raman technique. Maghaemite (gamma-Fe(2)O(3)) and magnetite (Fe(3)O(4)), found alternatively or mixed with a carbonaceous pigment, were also identified on some sherds. Infrared measurements indicated that little, if any, organic material from biogenic precursors of the black pigment or from pigment binding agents remained in the paints. These spectroscopic results were obtained rapidly and nondestructively on unprepared samples, and the resulting data complement, and in some instances correct, paint type conclusions drawn from studies involving techniques such as XRD, SEM-EDX, and XPS. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 UCL, Christopher Ingold Labs, London WC1H 0AJ, England. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Clark, RJH (reprint author), UCL, Christopher Ingold Labs, 20 Gordon St, London WC1H 0AJ, England. EM r.j.h.clark@ucl.ac.uk NR 32 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 2 U2 14 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0305-4403 J9 J ARCHAEOL SCI JI J. Archaeol. Sci. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 31 IS 10 BP 1429 EP 1437 DI 10.1016/j.jas.2004.03.008 PG 9 WC Anthropology; Archaeology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Anthropology; Archaeology; Geology GA 848HN UT WOS:000223458300008 ER PT J AU Hendrickson, EL Kaul, R Zhou, Y Bovee, D Chapman, P Chung, J de Macario, EC Dodsworth, JA Gillett, W Graham, DE Hackett, M Haydock, AK Kang, A Land, ML Levy, R Lie, TJ Major, TA Moore, BC Porat, I Palmeiri, A Rouse, G Saenphimmachak, C Soll, D Van Dien, S Wang, T Whitman, WB Xia, Q Zhang, Y Larimer, FW Olson, MV Leigh, JA AF Hendrickson, EL Kaul, R Zhou, Y Bovee, D Chapman, P Chung, J de Macario, EC Dodsworth, JA Gillett, W Graham, DE Hackett, M Haydock, AK Kang, A Land, ML Levy, R Lie, TJ Major, TA Moore, BC Porat, I Palmeiri, A Rouse, G Saenphimmachak, C Soll, D Van Dien, S Wang, T Whitman, WB Xia, Q Zhang, Y Larimer, FW Olson, MV Leigh, JA TI Complete genome sequence of the genetically tractable hydrogenotrophic methanogen Methanococcus maripaludis SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Review ID THERMOAUTOTROPHICUM DELTA-H; AMINO-ACID BIOSYNTHESIS; METHANOBACTERIUM-THERMOAUTOTROPHICUM; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; CELL-CYCLE; PYROCOCCUS-FURIOSUS; SULFOLOBUS-SOLFATARICUS; HETEROLOGOUS EXPRESSION; FUNCTIONAL-ANALYSIS; DNA TOPOISOMERASES AB The genome sequence of the genetically tractable, mesophilic, hydrogenotrophic methanogen Methanococcus maripaludis contains 1,722 protein-coding genes in a single circular chromosome of 1,661,137 bp. Of the protein-coding genes (open reading frames [ORFs]), 44% were assigned a function, 48% were conserved but had unknown or uncertain functions, and 7.5% (129 ORFs) were unique to M. maripaludis. Of the unique ORFs, 27 were confirmed to encode proteins by the mass spectrometric identification of unique peptides. Genes for most known functions and pathways were identified. For example, a full complement of hydrogenases and methanogenesis enzymes was identified, including eight selenocysteine-containing proteins, with each being paralogous to a cysteine-containing counterpart. At least 59 proteins were predicted to contain iron-sulfur centers, including ferredoxins, polyferredoxins, and subunits of enzymes with various redox functions. Unusual features included the absence of a Cdc6 homolog, implying a variation in replication initiation, and the presence of a bacterial-like RNase HI as well as an RNase HII typical of the Archaea. The presence of alanine dehydrogenase and alanine racemase, which are uniquely present among the Archaea, explained the ability of the organism to use L- and D-alanine as nitrogen sources. Features that contrasted with the related organism Methanocaldococcus jannaschii included the absence of inteins, even though close homologs of most intein-containing proteins were encoded. Although two-thirds of the ORFs had their highest Blastp hits in Methanocaldococcus jannaschii, lateral gene transfer or gene loss has apparently resulted in genes, which are often clustered, with top Blastp hits in more distantly related groups. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Med, Div Med Genet, Genome Ctr, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Microbiol, Genome Ctr, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Chem Engn, Genome Ctr, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Genome Sci, Genome Ctr, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. United Metab, Seattle, WA USA. SUNY Albany, Wadsworth Ctr, New York State Dept Hlth, Div Mol Med, Albany, NY 12222 USA. Univ Texas, Dept Chem & Biochem, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. Univ Georgia, Dept Microbiol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. Yale Univ, Dept Mol Biophys & Biochem, New Haven, CT USA. RP Leigh, JA (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Med, Div Med Genet, Genome Ctr, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM leighj@u.washington.edu RI Graham, David/F-8578-2010; Land, Miriam/A-6200-2011; Xia, Qiangwei/E-5181-2010 OI Graham, David/0000-0001-8968-7344; Land, Miriam/0000-0001-7102-0031; FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM60403, R01 GM060403] NR 128 TC 136 Z9 502 U1 4 U2 29 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 186 IS 20 BP 6956 EP 6969 DI 10.1128/JB.186.20.6956-6969.2004 PG 14 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 860SW UT WOS:000224364500033 PM 15466049 ER PT J AU Sanishvili, R Beasley, S Skarina, T Glesne, D Joachimiak, A Edwards, A Savchenko, A AF Sanishvili, R Beasley, S Skarina, T Glesne, D Joachimiak, A Edwards, A Savchenko, A TI The crystal structure of Escherichia coli MoaB suggests a probable role in molybdenum cofactor synthesis SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PROTEIN; BIOSYNTHESIS; MOLYBDOPTERIN; GEPHYRIN; REFINEMENT; DEFICIENCY; RESOLUTION; INSIGHTS; ENZYMES; CLUSTER AB The crystal structure of Escherichia coli MoaB was determined by multiwavelength anomalous diffraction phasing and refined at 1.6-Angstrom resolution. The molecule displayed a modified Rossman fold. MoaB is assembled into a hexamer composed of two trimers. The monomers have high structural similarity with two proteins, MogA and MoeA, from the molybdenum cofactor synthesis pathway in E. coli, as well as with domains of mammalian gephyrin and plant Cnx1, which are also involved in molybdopterin synthesis. Structural comparison between these proteins and the amino acid conservation patterns revealed a putative active site in MoaB. The structural analysis of this site allowed to advance several hypothesis that can be tested in further studies. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Struct Biol Ctr, Midwest Ctr Struct Genom, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Hlth Network, Clin Genom Ctr Proteom, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Syst, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Toronto, Banting & Best Dept Med Res, Toronto, ON M5G 1L6, Canada. RP Joachimiak, A (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Struct Biol Ctr, Midwest Ctr Struct Genom, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM andrzejj@anl.gov FU NIGMS NIH HHS [P50 GM062414-05, P50 GM062414] NR 45 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 EI 1083-351X J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD OCT 1 PY 2004 VL 279 IS 40 BP 42139 EP 42146 DI 10.1074/jbc.M407694200 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 856WG UT WOS:000224075500106 PM 15269205 ER PT J AU Lio, YC Schild, D Brenneman, MA Redpath, JL Chen, DJ AF Lio, YC Schild, D Brenneman, MA Redpath, JL Chen, DJ TI Human Rad51C deficiency destabilizes XRCC3, impairs recombination, and radiosensitizes S/G(2)-phase cells SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID DOUBLE-STRAND BREAKS; POTENTIALLY LETHAL DAMAGE; CULTURED-MAMMALIAN-CELLS; SMALL INTERFERING RNAS; DNA-REPAIR GENE; HOMOLOGOUS RECOMBINATION; HELA-CELLS; CAENORHABDITIS-ELEGANS; CHROMOSOME STABILITY; MOUSE GENES AB The highly conserved Rad51 protein plays an essential role in repairing DNA damage through homologous recombination. In vertebrates, five Rad51 paralogs (Rad51B, Rad51C, Rad51D, XRCC2, and XRCC3) are expressed in mitotically growing cells and are thought to play mediating roles in homologous recombination, although their precise functions remain unclear. Among the five paralogs, Rad51C was found to be a central component present in two complexes, Rad51C-XRCC3 and Rad51B-Rad51C-Rad51D-XRCC2. We have shown previously that the human Rad51C protein exhibits three biochemical activities, including DNA binding, ATPase, and DNA duplex separation. Here we report the use of RNA interference to deplete expression of Rad51C protein in human HT1080 and HeLa cells. In HT1080 cells, depletion of Rad51C by small interfering RNA caused a significant reduction of frequency in homologous recombination. The level of XRCC3 protein was also sharply reduced in Rad51C-depleted HeLa cells, suggesting that XRCC3 is dependent for its stability upon heterodimerization with Rad51C. In addition, Rad51C-depleted HeLa cells showed hypersensitivity to the DNA-cross-linking agent mitomycin C and moderately increased sensitivity to ionizing radiation. Importantly, the radiosensitivity of Rad51C-deficient HeLa cells was evident in S and G(2)/M phases of the cell cycle but not in G(1) phase. Together, these results provide direct cellular evidence for the function of human Rad51C in homologous recombinational repair. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Radiat Oncol, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Dept Genet, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. RP Lio, YC (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, MS74-157,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM YLio@lbl.gov FU NCI NIH HHS [CA092584]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM030990] NR 69 TC 43 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD OCT 1 PY 2004 VL 279 IS 40 BP 42313 EP 42320 DI 10.1074/jbc.M405212200 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 856WG UT WOS:000224075500123 PM 15292210 ER PT J AU Bhattacharyya, MH Regunathan, A Glesne, DA Ebert-McNeill, A AF Bhattacharyya, MH Regunathan, A Glesne, DA Ebert-McNeill, A TI Gene expression microarray-based hypothesis for cadmium-induced bone loss. SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 26th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Bone-and-Mineral-Research CY OCT 01-05, 2004 CL Seattle, WA SP Amer Soc Bone & Mineral Res C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Argonne, IL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BONE & MINERAL RES PI WASHINGTON PA 2025 M ST, N W, STE 800, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-3309 USA SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 19 SU 1 BP S118 EP S118 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 860FB UT WOS:000224326800461 ER PT J AU Burton, DW Hillegonds, DJ Fitzgerald, RL Herold, DA Deftos, LJ AF Burton, DW Hillegonds, DJ Fitzgerald, RL Herold, DA Deftos, LJ TI Pharmacokinetics of Ca-41 distribution in mice. SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 26th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Bone-and-Mineral-Research CY OCT 01-05, 2004 CL Seattle, WA SP Amer Soc Bone & Mineral Res C1 Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. SDVAMC, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Livermore, CA USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BONE & MINERAL RES PI WASHINGTON PA 2025 M ST, N W, STE 800, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-3309 USA SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 19 SU 1 BP S239 EP S239 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 860FB UT WOS:000224326801311 ER PT J AU Fitzgerald, RL Griffin, TL Hillegonds, DJ Burton, DW Deftos, LJ Mullaney, S Vogel, J Herold, DA AF Fitzgerald, RL Griffin, TL Hillegonds, DJ Burton, DW Deftos, LJ Mullaney, S Vogel, J Herold, DA TI Direct measurement of bone turnover using Ca-41 SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 26th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Bone-and-Mineral-Research CY OCT 01-05, 2004 CL Seattle, WA SP Amer Soc Bone & Mineral Res C1 Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. SDVAMC, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BONE & MINERAL RES PI WASHINGTON PA 2025 M ST, N W, STE 800, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-3309 USA SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 19 SU 1 BP S114 EP S114 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 860FB UT WOS:000224326800445 ER PT J AU Kneissel, M Keller, HJ Baptist, M Rubin, EM Loots, GG AF Kneissel, M Keller, HJ Baptist, M Rubin, EM Loots, GG TI Van buchem disease mouse models and genomic comparisons reveal a bone-specific enhancer regulating sclerosteosis causing gene SOST. SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 26th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Bone-and-Mineral-Research CY OCT 01-05, 2004 CL Seattle, WA SP Amer Soc Bone & Mineral Res C1 Novartis Inst BioMed Res, Basel, Switzerland. JGI, Walnut Creek, CA USA. LLNL, Genom Div, Livermore, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER SOC BONE & MINERAL RES PI WASHINGTON PA 2025 M ST, N W, STE 800, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-3309 USA SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 19 SU 1 BP S21 EP S21 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 860FB UT WOS:000224326800080 ER PT J AU Davis, HF Shu, JN Peterka, DS Ahmed, M AF Davis, HF Shu, JN Peterka, DS Ahmed, M TI Crossed beams study of the reaction (CH2)-C-1+C2H2 -> C3H3+H SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID LASER-ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY; A1A1 REMOVAL RATES; MOLECULAR-BEAM; TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCES; PROPARGYL RADICALS; STATE DISTRIBUTION; SINGLET METHYLENE; MASTER EQUATION; RATE CONSTANTS; SELF-REACTION AB The reaction of electronically excited singlet methylene ((CH2)-C-1) with acetylene (C2H2) was studied using the method of crossed molecular beams at a mean collision energy of 3.0 kcal/mol. The angular and velocity distributions of the propargyl radical (C3H3) products were measured using single photon ionization (9.6 eV) at the advanced light source. The measured distributions indicate that the mechanism involves formation of a long-lived C3H4 complex followed by simple C-H bond fission producing C3H3+H. This work, which is the first crossed beams study of a reaction involving an electronically excited polyatomic molecule, demonstrates the feasibility of crossed molecular beam studies of reactions involving (CH2)-C-1. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Cornell Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Chem, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Davis, HF (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Chem, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RI Ahmed, Musahid/A-8733-2009 NR 49 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD OCT 1 PY 2004 VL 121 IS 13 BP 6254 EP 6257 DI 10.1063/1.1785152 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 857VE UT WOS:000224146300015 PM 15446918 ER PT J AU Osterwalder, A Nee, MJ Zhou, J Neumark, DM AF Osterwalder, A Nee, MJ Zhou, J Neumark, DM TI High resolution photodetachment spectroscopy of negative ions via slow photoelectron imaging SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID FLIGHT MASS-SPECTROMETER; INITIO POTENTIAL-ENERGY; INFRARED-SPECTRA; TRANSITION-STATE; CLUSTER ANIONS; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; COMPLEXES; SURFACES; DYNAMICS; IODINE AB A technique for high resolution anion photodetachment spectroscopy is presented that combines velocity map imaging and anion threshold photodetachment. This method, slow electron velocity-map imaging, provides spectral line widths of better than 1 meV. Spectra over a substantial range of electron kinetic energies are recorded in a single image, providing a dramatic reduction of data acquisition time compared to other techniques with comparable resolution. We apply this technique to atomic iodine and the van der Waals cluster I.CO2 as test systems, and then to the prereactive Cl.D-2 complex where partially resolved structure assigned to hindered rotor motion is observed. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Neumark, DM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM dan@radon.cchem.berkeley.edu RI Neumark, Daniel/B-9551-2009; Osterwalder, Andreas/E-5460-2015 OI Neumark, Daniel/0000-0002-3762-9473; NR 40 TC 117 Z9 118 U1 5 U2 44 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD OCT 1 PY 2004 VL 121 IS 13 BP 6317 EP 6322 DI 10.1063/1.1787491 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 857VE UT WOS:000224146300024 PM 15446927 ER PT J AU Yu, HG AF Yu, HG TI Converged quantum dynamics calculations of vibrational energies of CH4 and CH3D using an ab initio potential SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID VARIATIONAL CALCULATIONS; ROVIBRATIONAL ENERGIES; FORCE-FIELD; LANCZOS CALCULATION; METHANE; MOLECULES; ISOTOPOMERS; SPECTRUM; STATES; MODEL AB Exact variational calculations of vibrational energies of CH4 and CH3D are carried out using a two-layer Lanczos algorithm based on the ab initio potential energy surface of D. W. Schwenke and H. Partridge, Spectrochim. Acta, Part A 57, 887 (2001). The convergence of the calculated vibrational energies is discussed in detail. In addition, we report all well converged vibrational energy levels up to 6600 cm(-1) for CH4, and those up to 5000 cm(-1) for CH3D, respectively. These results clearly outperform previous theoretical calculations. And a comparison with experimental results available is also made. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Yu, HG (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM hgy@bnl.gov RI Yu, Hua-Gen/N-7339-2015 NR 37 TC 47 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD OCT 1 PY 2004 VL 121 IS 13 BP 6334 EP 6340 DI 10.1063/1.1789133 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 857VE UT WOS:000224146300026 PM 15446929 ER PT J AU McLain, SE Benmore, CJ Siewenie, JE Molaison, JJ Turner, JFC AF McLain, SE Benmore, CJ Siewenie, JE Molaison, JJ Turner, JFC TI On the variation of the structure of liquid deuterium fluoride with temperature SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID NEGATIVE-THERMAL-EXPANSION; HYDROGEN-BONDED LIQUIDS; COMPUTER-SIMULATION; POTENTIAL MODEL; NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; MOLECULAR-STRUCTURE; SELF-DIFFUSION; PHASE-BEHAVIOR; HF; DYNAMICS AB The structure of liquid deuterium fluoride has been measured using pulsed neutron diffraction and high energy x-ray diffraction techniques as a function of temperature. The neutron experiments were performed at T=296+/-2 K, 246+/-2 K, and 193+/-2 K and the x-ray measurements carried out at 296+/-2 K and 195+/-2 K. The x-ray pair correlation functions, which are dominated by fluorine-fluorine interactions, show the first peak at similar to2.53+/-0.05 Angstrom remains very nearly invariant with decreasing temperature. Peaks around 4.5 and 5.0 Angstrom also appear at both temperatures in the x-ray data. In contrast, the intermolecular peaks in the total neutron pair correlation function show that significant systematic local structural changes occur as the temperature is lowered. The first intermolecular peak position shortens from 1.64+/-0.05 AAngstrom at 296 K to 1.56+/-0.05 AAngstrom at 195 K. Although there are overlapping contributions from the intermolecular hydrogen-fluorine and hydrogen-hydrogen correlations, it is clear that the temperature dependent structural changes are largely due to a rearrangement of the deuterium atom positions in the fluid. By comparison with partial structure factor data the hydrogen bonds appear to become more linear at lower temperatures. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Tennessee, Natl Sci Consortium, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Turner, JFC (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Natl Sci Consortium, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM jturner@atom.chem.utk.edu OI McLain, Sylvia/0000-0002-3347-7759; Benmore, Chris/0000-0001-7007-7749 NR 64 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD OCT 1 PY 2004 VL 121 IS 13 BP 6448 EP 6455 DI 10.1063/1.1790432 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 857VE UT WOS:000224146300041 PM 15446944 ER PT J AU Steele, WV Chirico, RD Knipmeyer, SE Nguyen, A AF Steele, WV Chirico, RD Knipmeyer, SE Nguyen, A TI Possible precursors and products of deep hydrodesulfurization of gasoline and distillate fuels IV. Heat capacities, enthalpy increments, vapor pressures, and derived thermodynamic functions for dicyclohexylsulfide between the temperatures (5 and 520) K SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL THERMODYNAMICS LA English DT Article DE dicyclohexylsulfide; enthalpy of combustion; heat capacity; vapor pressure; density; thermodynamic functions; ideal-gas properties ID 3RD VIRIAL-COEFFICIENT; XYLENE ISOMERIZATION; RECOMMENDED VALUES; PART 2; EQUILIBRIA; DENSITIES; DIBENZOTHIOPHENE; RECONCILIATION; BENZENE AB Measurements leading to the calculation of the standard thermodynamic properties for gaseous dicyclohexylsulfide (Chemical Abstracts registry number [7133-46-2]) are reported. Experimental methods include adiabatic heat-capacity calorimetry, and inclined-piston gauge manometry combined with earlier reported measurements of combustion calorimetry, vibrating-tube densitometry, comparative ebulliometry, and differential-scanning calorimetry (d.s.c.). Critical properties are estimated for dicyclohexylsulfide. Standard molar entropies, standard molar enthalpies, and standard molar Gibbs free energies of formation are derived at selected temperatures between (298.15 and 520) K. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem Engn, Phys Properties Res Facil, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Nucl Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Thermodynam Res Ctr, Chem Sci & Technol Lab, Phys & Chem Properties Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. BDM Petr Technol, Bartlesville Thermodynam Grp, Bartlesville, OK 74005 USA. RP Steele, WV (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem Engn, Phys Properties Res Facil, 327 Dougherty Engn Bldg,1512 Middle Dr, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM steelewv@ornl.gov; chirico@boulder.nist.gov NR 39 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0021-9614 J9 J CHEM THERMODYN JI J. Chem. Thermodyn. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 36 IS 10 BP 845 EP 855 DI 10.1016/j.jct.2003.11.012 PG 11 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Physical SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry GA 858UP UT WOS:000224217800002 ER PT J AU Van Benthem, MH Keenan, MR AF Van Benthem, MH Keenan, MR TI Fast algorithm for the solution of large-scale non-negativity-constrained least squares problems SO JOURNAL OF CHEMOMETRICS LA English DT Article DE NNLS; non-negativity; MCR; ALS ID MODELING CURVE RESOLUTION AB Algorithms for multivariate image analysis and other large-scale applications of multivariate curve resolution (MCR) typically employ constrained alternating least squares (ALS) procedures in their solution. The solution to a least squares problem under general linear equality and inequality constraints can be reduced to the solution of a non-negativity-constrained least squares (NNLS) problem. Thus the efficiency of the solution to any constrained least square problem rests heavily on the underlying NNLS algorithm. We present a new NNLS solution algorithm that is appropriate to large-scale MCR and other ALS applications. Our new algorithm rearranges the calculations in the standard active set NNLS method on the basis of combinatorial reasoning. This rearrangement serves to reduce substantially the computational burden required for NNLS problems having large numbers of observation vectors. Copyright (C) 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Keenan, MR (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, MS0886, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM mrkeena@sandia.gov NR 12 TC 83 Z9 84 U1 0 U2 8 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0886-9383 J9 J CHEMOMETR JI J. Chemometr. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 18 IS 10 BP 441 EP 450 DI 10.1002/cem.889 PG 10 WC Automation & Control Systems; Chemistry, Analytical; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Instruments & Instrumentation; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Statistics & Probability SC Automation & Control Systems; Chemistry; Computer Science; Instruments & Instrumentation; Mathematics GA 919IN UT WOS:000228611800002 ER PT J AU Delire, C Foley, JA Thompson, S AF Delire, C Foley, JA Thompson, S TI Long-term variability in a coupled atmosphere-biosphere model SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE LA English DT Article ID LOW-FREQUENCY VARIABILITY; COMMUNITY CLIMATE MODEL; LAND-SURFACE PROCESSES; TRANSFER SCHEME LSX; VEGETATION FEEDBACKS; WATER-BALANCE; STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE; CARBON BALANCE; UNITED-STATES; SAHEL AB A fully coupled atmosphere-biosphere model, version 3 of the NCAR Community Climate Model (CCM3) and the Integrated Biosphere Simulator (IBIS), is used to illustrate how vegetation dynamics may be capable of producing long-term variability in the climate system, particularly through the hydrologic cycle and precipitation. Two simulations of the global climate are conducted with fixed climatological sea surface temperatures: one including vegetation as a dynamic boundary condition, and the other keeping vegetation cover fixed. A comparison of the precipitation power spectra over land from these two simulations shows that dynamic interactions between the atmosphere and vegetation enhance precipitation variability at time scales from a decade to a century, while damping variability at shorter time scales. In these simulations, the two-way coupling between the atmosphere and the dynamic vegetation cover introduces persistent precipitation anomalies in several ecological transition zones: between forest and grasslands in the North American midwest, in southern Africa, and at the southern limit of the tropical forest in the Amazon basin, and between savanna and desert in the Sahel, Australia, and portions of the Arabian Peninsula. These regions contribute most to the long-term variability of the atmosphere-vegetation system. Slow changes in the vegetation cover, resulting from a "red noise'' integration of high-frequency atmospheric variability, are responsible for generating this long-term variability. Lead and lag correlation between precipitation and vegetation leaf area index (LAI) shows that LAI influences precipitation in the following years, and vice versa. A mechanism involving changes in LAI resulting in albedo, roughness, and evapotranspiration changes is proposed. C1 Univ Montpellier 2, Inst Sci Evolut, F-34095 Montpellier 5, France. Univ Wisconsin, Gaylord Nelson Inst Environm Studies, Ctr Sustainabil & Global Environm, Madison, WI USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. RP Univ Montpellier 2, Inst Sci Evolut, CC 061,Pl E Bataillon, F-34095 Montpellier 5, France. EM delire@isem.univ-montp2.fr NR 52 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0894-8755 EI 1520-0442 J9 J CLIMATE JI J. Clim. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 17 IS 20 BP 3947 EP 3959 DI 10.1175/1520-0442(2004)017<3947:LVIACA>2.0.CO;2 PG 13 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 863UE UT WOS:000224588000006 ER PT J AU Oliveira, JS Jones-Oliveira, JB Dixon, DA Bailey, CG Gull, DW AF Oliveira, JS Jones-Oliveira, JB Dixon, DA Bailey, CG Gull, DW TI Hyperdigraph-theoretic analysis of the EGFR signaling network: Initial steps leading to GTP : Ras complex formation SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR); cell signaling; biochemical pathways; network; GTP : RAS; complex formation; algebraic-combinatorial model; pinch points; distributions; Petri nets; hyperdigraphs; invariants; minimal circuits ID BIOCHEMICAL REACTION SYSTEMS; GROWTH-FACTOR RECEPTOR; INTERNALIZATION; PATHWAYS; MODEL; IDENTIFICATION; ENDOCYTOSIS; METABOLISM; BINDING AB We construct an algebraic-combinatorial model of the SOS compartment of the EGFR biochemical network. A Petri net is used to construct an initial representation of the biochemical decision making network, which in turn defines a hyperdigraph. We observe that the linear algebraic structure of each hyperdigraph admits a canonical set of algebraic-combinatorial invariants that correspond to the information flow conservation laws governing a molecular kinetic reaction network. The linear algebraic structure of the hyperdigraph and its sets of invariants can be generalized to define a discrete algebraic-geometric structure, which is referred to as an oriented matroid. Oriented matroids define a polyhedral optimization geometry that is used to determine optimal subpaths that span the nullspace of a set of kinetic chemical reaction equations. Sets of constrained submodular path optimizations on the hyperdigraph are objectively obtained as a spanning tree of minimum cycle paths. This complete set of subcircuits is used to identify the network pinch points and invariant flow subpaths. We demonstrate that this family of minimal circuits also characteristically identifies additional significant biochemical reaction pattern features. We use the SOS Compartment A of the EGFR biochemical pathway to develop and demonstrate the application of our algebraic-combinatorial mathematical modeling methodology. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, William R Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Alabama, Dept Chem, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. Victoria Univ Wellington, Sch Math & Comp Sci, Wellington, New Zealand. RP Jones-Oliveira, JB (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, William R Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, POB 999,MS K8-41, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM jjo@pnl.gov NR 30 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 1066-5277 J9 J COMPUT BIOL JI J. Comput. Biol. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 11 IS 5 BP 812 EP 842 DI 10.1089/1066527042432189 PG 31 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Statistics & Probability SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Computer Science; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Mathematics GA 870WZ UT WOS:000225090800003 PM 15700404 ER PT J AU Liu, HH Salve, R Wang, JS Bodvarsson, GS Hudson, D AF Liu, HH Salve, R Wang, JS Bodvarsson, GS Hudson, D TI Field investigation into unsaturated flow and transport in a fault: model analyses SO JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE fault; matrix; fracture ID YUCCA MOUNTAIN; TRACER TESTS; FRACTURED ROCKS; SOLUTE TRANSPORT; MATRIX DIFFUSION; MASS-TRANSFER; POROUS-MEDIA; SEEPAGE; POROSITY; NEVADA AB Results of a fault test performed in the unsaturated zone of Yucca Mountain, Nevada, were analyzed using a three-dimensional numerical model. The fault was explicitly represented as a discrete feature and the surrounding rock was treated as a dual-continuum (fracture-matrix) system. Model calibration against seepage and water-travel-velocity data suggests that lithophysal cavities connected to fractures can considerably enhance the effective fracture porosity and therefore retard water flow in fractures. Comparisons between simulation results and tracer concentration data also indicate that matrix diffusion is an important mechanism for solute transport in unsaturated fractured rock. We found that an increased fault-matrix and fracture-matrix interface areas were needed to match the observed tracer data, which is consistent with previous studies. The study results suggest that the current site-scale model for the unsaturated zone of Yucca Mountain may underestimate radionuclide transport time within the unsaturated zone, because an increased fracture-matrix interface area and the increased effective fracture porosity arising from lithophysal cavities are not considered in the current site-scale model. (C) 2004 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Earth Sci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. US Geol Survey, Sacramento, CA USA. RP Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Earth Sci Div, 1 Cyclotron Rd Mailstop 90-1116, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM hhliu@lbl.gov NR 45 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-7722 EI 1873-6009 J9 J CONTAM HYDROL JI J. Contam. Hydrol. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 74 IS 1-4 BP 39 EP 59 DI 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2004.02.004 PG 21 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources GA 858IW UT WOS:000224186500003 PM 15358486 ER PT J AU Candia, J Roulet, E AF Candia, J Roulet, E TI Diffusion and drift of cosmic rays in highly turbulent magnetic fields SO JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE cosmic rays; magnetic fields ID CHARGED-PARTICLES; PERPENDICULAR DIFFUSION; VELOCITY CORRELATION; PROPAGATION; TRANSPORT; SPECTRUM AB We determine numerically the parallel, perpendicular and antisymmetric diffusion coefficients for charged particles propagating in highly turbulent magnetic fields, by means of extensive Monte Carlo simulations. We propose simple expressions, given in terms of a small set of fitting parameters, to account for the diffusion coefficients as functions of magnetic rigidity and turbulence level, and corresponding to different kinds of turbulence spectra. The results obtained satisfy scaling relations, which make them useful for describing the cosmic ray origin and transport in a variety of different astrophysical environments. C1 Natl Univ La Plata, Dept Fis, IFLP, RA-1900 La Plata, Argentina. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Ctr Atom Bariloche, CONICET, RA-8400 San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina. RP Natl Univ La Plata, Dept Fis, IFLP, CC 67, RA-1900 La Plata, Argentina. EM candia@fisica.unlp.edu.ar; roulet@cab.cnea.gov.ar OI Candia, Julian/0000-0001-5793-8989 NR 31 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1475-7516 J9 J COSMOL ASTROPART P JI J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. PD OCT PY 2004 IS 10 AR 007 DI 10.1088/1475-7516/2004/10/007 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 866TS UT WOS:000224796800010 ER PT J AU Chacko, Z Hall, LJ Nomura, Y AF Chacko, Z Hall, LJ Nomura, Y TI Acceleressence: dark energy from a phase transition at the seesaw scale SO JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE dark energy theory; cosmological phase transitions; cosmology of theories beyond the SM ID INVERSE-SQUARE LAW; DYNAMICAL SUPERSYMMETRY BREAKING; COSMOLOGICAL CONSTANT; DIMENSIONS; SUPERNOVAE; UNIVERSE; TESTS AB Simple models are constructed for 'acceleressence' dark energy: the latent heat of a phase transition occurring in a hidden sector governed by the seesaw mass scale v(2)/M-Pl, where v is the electroweak scale and M-Pl the gravitational mass scale. In our models, the seesaw scale is stabilized by supersymmetry, implying that the LHC must discover superpartners with a spectrum that reflects a low scale of fundamental supersymmetry breaking. Newtonian gravity may be modified by effects arising from the exchange of fields in the acceleressence sector whose Compton wavelengths are typically of order the millimetre scale. There are two classes of models. In the first class the universe is currently in a metastable vacuum and will continue to in. ate until tunnelling processes eventually induce a first-order transition. In the simplest such model, the range of the new force is bounded to be larger than 25 mum in the absence of fine-tuning of parameters, and for couplings of order unity it is expected to be approximate to100 mum. In the second class of models thermal effects maintain the present vacuum energy of the universe, but on further cooling, the universe will 'soon' smoothly relax to a matter dominated era. In this case, the range of the new force is also expected to be of order the millimetre scale or larger, although its strength is uncertain. A firm prediction of this class of models is the existence of additional energy density in radiation at the eV era, which can potentially be probed in precision measurements of the cosmic microwave background. An interesting possibility is that the transition towards a matter dominated era has occurred in the very recent past, with the consequence that the universe is currently decelerating. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Theoret Phys Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM zchacko@thsrv.lbl.gov; ljhall@lbl.gov; ynomura@lbl.gov OI Nomura, Yasunori/0000-0002-1497-1479 NR 39 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1475-7516 J9 J COSMOL ASTROPART P JI J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. PD OCT PY 2004 IS 10 AR 011 DI 10.1088/1475-7516/2004/10/011 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 866TS UT WOS:000224796800006 ER PT J AU McCarty, KF Bartelt, NC AF McCarty, KF Bartelt, NC TI Crystal growth rate limited by step length - the case of oxygen-deficient TiO2 exposed to oxygen SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article DE growth models; growth from vapor; oxides ID TIO2(110) SURFACE; SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS; ADATOM CAPTURE; TEMPERATURE; RUTILE; ISLAND; THERMODYNAMICS; NUCLEATION; MICROSCOPY; KINETICS AB We study how an oxygen-deficient crystal of TiO2 crystal grows when exposed to O-2. While the O flux is external to the crystal, the Ti flux necessary for growth comes from internal (bulk) interstitials (Phys. Rev. Lett. 76 (1996) 791). We address where the reaction between 0 and Ti to form new crystal takes place in the regime of pure step flow (i.e., surface steps advancing without new-layers nucleating). The detailed partitioning of the growth flux among individual surface steps is studied using low-energy electron microscopy for two geometries on the (110) surface-an array of islands on a terrace and an island stack generated from a dislocation source. For both geometries, the areas of islands larger than the critical size grow at rates strictly proportional to their perimeter length, independent of the local step configuration. In addition, we find that the growth rate is proportional to the O-2 pressure. The step flow represents a simple limiting case of crystal growth (Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A. 243 (1951) 299)-only the growth species near a step edge becomes incorporated into the crystal. That is, only Ti and O reactions near the step edge lead to crystal growth. This case is in marked contrast to crystal growth controlled by species attaching to terraces and diffusing to steps, for which the growth rates depend upon the local step environment. indeed, simulating the island array as if the growth flux was partitioned among the individual islands by concentration gradients (i.e., diffusion-controlled growth) totally failed to reproduce the experimental rates. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP McCarty, KF (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 969,MS 9161, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM mccarty@sandia.gov RI McCarty, Kevin/F-9368-2012; Bartelt, Norman/G-2927-2012 OI McCarty, Kevin/0000-0002-8601-079X; NR 31 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD OCT 1 PY 2004 VL 270 IS 3-4 BP 691 EP 698 DI 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2004.06.041 PG 8 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA 859TF UT WOS:000224290100056 ER PT J AU Mannella, N Marchesini, S Kay, AW Nambu, A Gresch, T Yang, SH Mun, BS Bussat, JM Rosenhahn, A Fadley, CS AF Mannella, N Marchesini, S Kay, AW Nambu, A Gresch, T Yang, SH Mun, BS Bussat, JM Rosenhahn, A Fadley, CS TI Correction of non-linearity effects in detectors for electron spectroscopy SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY AND RELATED PHENOMENA LA English DT Article DE photoemission spectra; electron spectroscopy; detectors; non-linearity effects ID ATOM RESONANT PHOTOEMISSION; COUNTING SYSTEMS; LINEARITY; TIME AB Using photoemission intensities and a detection system employed by many groups in the electron spectroscopy community as an example, we have quantitatively characterized and corrected detector non-linearity effects over the full dynamic range of the system. Non-linearity effects are found to be important whenever measuring relative peak intensities accurately is important, even in the low countrate regime. This includes, for example, performing quantitative analysis for surface contaminants or sample bulk stoichiometries, where the peak intensities involved can differ by one or two orders of magnitude, and thus could occupy a significant portion of the detector dynamic range. Two successful procedures for correcting non-linearity effects are presented. The first one yields directly the detector efficiency by measuring a flat-background reference intensity as a function of incident X-ray flux, while the second one determines the detector response from a least-squares analysis of broad-scan survey spectra at different incident X-ray fluxes. Although we have used one spectrometer and detection system as an example, these methodologies should be useful for many other cases. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. LBNL, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA USA. Univ Tokyo, Dept Chem, Tokyo 113, Japan. Univ Zurich, Inst Phys, Zurich, Switzerland. LBNL, Div Engn, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Mannella, N (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, MS7-100-1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA USA. EM NMannella@lbl.gov RI Marchesini, Stefano/A-6795-2009; Rosenhahn, Axel/F-7319-2011; Mun, Bongjin /G-1701-2013 OI Rosenhahn, Axel/0000-0001-9393-7190; NR 18 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0368-2048 J9 J ELECTRON SPECTROSC JI J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 141 IS 1 BP 45 EP 59 DI 10.1016/j.elspec.2004.03.009 PG 15 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA 863XZ UT WOS:000224598200006 ER PT J AU DeWald, AT Rankin, JE Hill, MR Lee, MJ Chen, HL AF DeWald, AT Rankin, JE Hill, MR Lee, MJ Chen, HL TI Assessment of tensile residual stress mitigation in Alloy 22 welds due to laser peening SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article ID CONFINED GEOMETRY; ALUMINUM-ALLOYS; WAVES; GENERATION; COATINGS; SURFACES; PLASMA AB This paper examines the effects of laser peening on Alloy 22 (UNS N06022), which is the proposed material for use as the outer layer on the spent-fuel nuclear waste canisters to be stored at Yucca Mountain. Stress corrosion cracking (SCC) is a primary concern in the design of these canisters because tensile residual stresses will be left behind by the closure weld. Alloy 22 is a nickel-based material that is particularly resistant to corrosion; however there is a chance that stress corrosion cracking could develop given the right environmental conditions. Laser peening is an emerging surface treatment technology that has been identified as an effective tool for mitigating tensile redisual stresses in the storage canisters. The results of laser-peening experiments on Alloy 22 base material and a sample 33 mm thick double-V groove butt-weld made with gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) are presented. Residual stress profiles were measured in Alloy 22 base material using the slitting method (also known as the crack-compliance method), and a full 2D map of longitudinal residual stress was measured in the sample welds using the contour method. Laser peening was found to produce compressive residual stress to a depth of 3.8 mm in 20 mm thick base material coupons. The depth of compressive residual stress was found to have a, significant dependence on the number of peening layers and a slight dependence on the level of irradiance. Additionally, laser peening produced compressive residual stresses to a depth of 4.3 mm in the 33 mm thick weld at the center of the weld bead where high levels of tensile stress were initially present. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Mech & Aeronaut Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Hill, MR (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Mech & Aeronaut Engn, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM mrhill@ucdavis.edu RI Hill, Michael/A-2525-2016 OI Hill, Michael/0000-0002-9168-211X NR 31 TC 49 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 16 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0094-4289 J9 J ENG MATER-T ASME JI J. Eng. Mater. Technol.-Trans. ASME PD OCT PY 2004 VL 126 IS 4 BP 465 EP 473 DI 10.1115/1.1789957 PG 9 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 872FX UT WOS:000225194200018 ER PT J AU Basagaoglu, H Ginn, TR McCoy, BJ AF Basagaoglu, H Ginn, TR McCoy, BJ TI Radial pore diffusion with nonuniform intraparticle porosities SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article DE porosity; numerical models; pore size distribution; porous media; solutes ID PARTICLE-SIZE DISTRIBUTION; ACTIVATED CARBON; MASS-TRANSFER; VAPOR EXTRACTION; MODEL; SORPTION; ADSORPTION; TRANSPORT; SOIL; CHROMATOGRAPHY AB Effects of radially dependent intraparticle pore sizes on solute fate and transport are examined for batch systems with spherical particles using a recently developed numerical model. The model can accommodate multiple particles distributed in size, mass transfer resistance at particle boundaries, intraparticle reversible sorption kinetics, and first-order decays. Two applications are examined. In the first application, random or deterministic intraparticle porosities across a spherical particle are considered. In the second application, multiple particles distributed in sizes with particle size-dependent intraparticle porosities are studied. Results from these applications indicate that concentration profiles are largely determined by interplays between B, eta, and epsilon that incorporate the effects of intraparticle pore structures. Steady-state concentration values in both applications are determined by the volume-averaged intraparticle porosities. These results could be useful for understanding solute tailing behavior in natural porous media and the design of synthetic sorbents for treatment of contaminated waters. C1 Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Louisiana State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. RP Basagaoglu, H (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, POB 1625,MS 2025, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM basah@inel.gov; trginn@ucdavis.edu; bjmccoy@lsu.edu NR 36 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 11 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9372 J9 J ENVIRON ENG-ASCE JI J. Environ. Eng.-ASCE PD OCT PY 2004 VL 130 IS 10 BP 1170 EP 1179 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(2004)130:10(1170) PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 865BN UT WOS:000224677600012 ER PT J AU Wei, ZY Lee, KM Tchikanda, SW Zhou, Z Hong, SP AF Wei, ZY Lee, KM Tchikanda, SW Zhou, Z Hong, SP TI Free surface flow in high speed fiber drawing with large-diameter glass preforms SO JOURNAL OF HEAT TRANSFER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article ID NECK-DOWN REGION; OPTICAL-FIBER; FURNACE; TRANSPORT AB This paper presents a complete two-dimensional (2D) thermofluid model for predicting the neck-down shape in the fiber drawing process. This model uses the controlled draw tension to calculate the Neumann boundary condition at the furnace exit; thus, it does not require specifying the speed (or diameter) of the fiber as most previous studies did. The model presented here can be applied to optimization of the high-speed draw process with large-diameter preforms. In this study, the radiative transfer equation is directly solved for the radiation fluxes using the discrete ordinate method coupled with the solution of the free surface flow, which does not assume that the glass is optically thick and does not neglect the glass absorption at the short-wavelength band. The artificial compressibility method is used to solve the Navier-Stokes equations. A staggered-grid computation scheme that is shown to be efficient and robust was used to reduce the computation load in solving the complete 2D model. The neck-down profile of a large preform (9 cm dia) drawn at a relatively high speed of 25 m/s was experimentally measured. The measured profile well matches that derived numerically. Results also show that the free surface calculated using the Dirichlet boundary condition deviates considerably from the measured profile, particularly near the furnace exit where the actual diameter (and, hence, the speed of the glass) is essentially unknown. Although the difference between the numerical results obtained from the full and semi-2D models was small, this difference could be significant if the location at which the glass converges to 125 mum dia is of interest, especially when the preform has a large diameter drawn at a high speed. C1 Georgia Inst Technol, George W Woodruff Sch Mech Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. OFS, Norcross, GA 30071 USA. RP Wei, ZY (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, George W Woodruff Sch Mech Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM gte384w@prism.gatech.edu; kokmeng.lee@me.gatech.edu; zhizhou@ofsoptics.com; shong@ofsoptics.com NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0022-1481 J9 J HEAT TRANS-T ASME JI J. Heat Transf.-Trans. ASME PD OCT PY 2004 VL 126 IS 5 BP 713 EP 722 DI 10.1115/1.1795237 PG 10 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Engineering GA 876BZ UT WOS:000225472000006 ER PT J AU O'Brien, JE Sohal, MS Wallstedt, PC AF O'Brien, JE Sohal, MS Wallstedt, PC TI Local heat transfer and pressure drop for finned-tube heat exchangers using oval tubes and vortex generators SO JOURNAL OF HEAT TRANSFER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article ID TRANSFER ENHANCEMENT; FLOW LOSSES AB This paper presents the results of an experimental study of forced convection heat transfer in a narrow rectangular duct fitted with an elliptical tube and one or two delta-winglet pairs. The duct was designed to simulate a single passage in a fin-tube heat exchanger Heat transfer measurements were obtained using a transient technique in which a heated airflow is suddenly introduced to the test section. High-resolution local fin-surface temperature distributions were obtained at several times after initiation of the transient using an imaging infrared camera. Corresponding local fin-surface heat transfer coefficients were then calculated from a locally applied one-dimensional semi-infinite inverse heat conduction model. Heat transfer results were obtained over a Reynolds number range based on duct height of 670-6300. Pressure-drop measurements have also been obtained for similar elliptical-tube and winglet geometries, using a separate single-channel, multiple-tube-row pressure-drop apparatus. The pressure-drop apparatus includes four tube rows in a staggered array. Comparisons of heat transfer and pressure-drop results for the elliptical tube versus a circular tube with and without winglets are provided. Mean heat transfer results indicated that the addition of the single winglet pair to the oval-tube geometry yielded significant heat transfer enhancement, averaging 38% higher than the oval-tube, no-winglet case. The corresponding increase in friction factor associated with the addition of the single winglet pair to the oval-tube geometry was very modest, less than 10% at Re-Dh = 500 and less than 5% at Re-Dh = 5000. C1 Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP O'Brien, JE (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. NR 17 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 8 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0022-1481 J9 J HEAT TRANS-T ASME JI J. Heat Transf.-Trans. ASME PD OCT PY 2004 VL 126 IS 5 BP 826 EP 835 DI 10.1115/1.1795239 PG 10 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Engineering GA 876BZ UT WOS:000225472000019 ER PT J AU Becher, T Hill, RJ AF Becher, T Hill, RJ TI Loop corrections to heavy-to-light form factors and evanescent operators in SCET SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE weak decays; B-physics; QCD; NLO computations ID COLLINEAR EFFECTIVE THEORY; DECAYS; FACTORIZATION; QUARK; SYMMETRY; CURRENTS AB One-loop matching corrections are calculated for Soft-Collinear Effective Theory (SCET) operators relevant to the analysis of heavy-to-light meson form factors at large recoil. The numerical impact of radiative corrections on form factor predictions is assessed. Evanescent operators in the effective theory are studied and it is shown that even in problems of the Sudakov type, these operators can be renormalized to have vanishing matrix elements. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM becher@fnal.gov; rjh@slac.stanford.edu NR 28 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD OCT PY 2004 IS 10 AR 055 PG 29 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 878IU UT WOS:000225641100023 ER PT J AU Birkedal, A Chacko, Z Gaillard, MK AF Birkedal, A Chacko, Z Gaillard, MK TI Little supersymmetry and the supersymmetric little hierarchy problem SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE global symmetries; supersymmetric standard model; GUT; Higgs physics ID HIGGS-BOSON MASS; COMPOSITE HIGGS; STANDARD MODELS; BREAKING; NATURALNESS; SYMMETRY; SCALARS; SU(6); SU(2); U(1) AB The current experimental lower bound on the Higgs mass significantly restricts the allowed parameter space in most realistic supersymmetric models, with the consequence that these models exhibit significant fine-tuning. We propose a solution to this 'supersymmetric little hierarchy problem'. We consider scenarios where the stop masses are relatively heavy - in the 500 GeV to a TeV range. Radiative stability of the Higgs soft mass against quantum corrections from the top quark Yukawa coupling is achieved by imposing a global SU(3) symmetry on this interaction. This global symmetry is only approximate - it is not respected by the gauge interactions. A subgroup of the global symmetry is gauged by the familiar SU(2) of the standard model. The physical Higgs is significantly lighter than the other scalars because it is the pseudo-Goldstone boson associated with the breaking of this symmetry. Radiative corrections to the Higgs potential naturally lead to the right pattern of gauge and global symmetry breaking. We show that both the gauge and global symmetries can be embedded into a single SU(6) grand unifying group, thereby maintaining the prediction of gauge coupling unification. Among the firm predictions of this class of models are new states with the quantum numbers of 10 and (10) over bar under SU(5) close to the TeV scale. The Higgs mass is expected to be below 130 GeV, just as in the MSSM. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Phys, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Cornell Univ, Inst High Energy Phenomenol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Theoret Phys Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Florida, Dept Phys, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM andreasb@mail.lns.cornell.edu; zchacko@thsrv.lbl.gov; mkgaillard@lbl.gov NR 50 TC 58 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD OCT PY 2004 IS 10 AR 036 DI 10.1088/1126-6708/2004/10/036 PG 22 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 878IU UT WOS:000225641100042 ER PT J AU Hewett, JL Lillie, B Rizzo, TG AF Hewett, JL Lillie, B Rizzo, TG TI Monte Carlo exploration of warped higgsless models SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE beyond standard model; compactification and string models ID UNITARITY; PHYSICS AB We have performed a detailed Monte Carlo exploration of the parameter space for a warped Higgsless model of electroweak symmetry breaking in 5 dimensions. This model is based on the SU(2)(L) x SU(2)(R) X U(1)(B-L) gauge group in an AdS(5) bulk with arbitrary gauge kinetic terms on both the Planck and TeV branes. Constraints arising from precision electroweak measurements and collider data are found to be relatively easy to satisfy. We show, however, that the additional requirement of perturbative unitarity up to the cut-off, similar or equal to10 TeV, in WL+WL- elastic scattering in the absence of dangerous tachyons eliminates all models. If successful models of this class exist, they must be highly fine-tuned. C1 Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM hewett@slac.stanford.edu; lillieb@slac.standrod.edu; rizzo@slac.stanford.edu NR 29 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD OCT PY 2004 IS 10 AR 014 PG 18 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 878IU UT WOS:000225641100064 ER PT J AU Liang, X Guo, JZ Leung, LR AF Liang, X Guo, JZ Leung, LR TI Assessment of the effects of spatial resolutions on daily water flux simulations SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE spatial scales; land surface model; model calibration; runoff; soil moisture; evapotranspiration ID SURFACE PARAMETERIZATION SCHEMES; DISTRIBUTED HYDROLOGICAL MODELS; RIVER-BASIN; MULTICRITERIA METHODS; GLOBAL OPTIMIZATION; RUNOFF MODELS; SCALE; VARIABILITY; PRECIPITATION; SENSITIVITY AB Impacts of spatially distributed precipitation and soil heterogeneity on modeling water fluxes at different spatial resolutions are investigated using the Three-layer Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC-3L) land surface model at the Blue River watershed in Oklahoma. In this study, hourly grid-based NEXRAD (Next Generation Radar) Stage III radar precipitation data approximately at 4 x 4 km(2) resolution are used to compute daily precipitation at spatial resolutions of 1/32, 1/16, 1/8, 1/4, 1/2 and I degree based on an area weighted average method. Soil parameters at the corresponding six spatial resolutions are derived from the State Soil Geographic (STATSGO) soil data. The forcing data of daily maximum and minimum temperature, wind speed, and vegetation parameters are disaggregated/aggregated directly to finer/coarser spatial resolutions based on the University of Washington (UW) data, which are gridded at 1/8 degree spatial resolution. Our study suggests that a critical spatial resolution for the VIC-3L model may exist for the study watershed. For spatial resolutions finer than the critical resolution, one does not necessarily obtain better model performance in terms of runoff, evapotranspiration, and total zone soil moisture with increasing spatial resolution if the VIC-3L model parameters are calibrated at each spatial resolution. Also, model parameters calibrated at a coarse resolution can be applied to finer resolutions to obtain generally comparable results. However, model parameters calibrated at finer resolutions cannot result in comparable results when applied to resolutions coarser than the identified critical resolution. In addition, while soil moisture of the total zone is more sensitive to the spatial distributions of soil properties, runoff and evaporation are more sensitive to the spatial distribution of daily precipitation at the watershed being studied. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA. RP Liang, X (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM liang@ce.berkeley.edu NR 45 TC 38 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1694 J9 J HYDROL JI J. Hydrol. PD OCT 1 PY 2004 VL 298 IS 1-4 BP 287 EP 310 DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2003.07.007 PG 24 WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 851GF UT WOS:000223672900014 ER PT J AU Guo, JZ Liang, X Leung, LR AF Guo, JZ Liang, X Leung, LR TI Impacts of different precipitation data sources on water budgets SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE land surface model; radar precipitation; rain gauge precipitation; runoff; evapotranspiration; soil moisture ID RAIN-GAUGE DATA; REAL-TIME ESTIMATION; RADAR RAINFALL; FRACTIONAL COVERAGE; GLOBAL OPTIMIZATION; BAYESIAN-APPROACH; UNITED-STATES; MODEL; PARAMETERIZATION; VARIABILITY AB Radar and rain-gauge precipitation datasets are used to explore the impacts of different precipitation data sources on water budgets simulated by the Three-Layer Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC-3L) land surface model over the watershed of the Illinois River at Watts, Oklahoma. Hourly grid-based NEXRAD (Next Generation Radar) Stage III precipitation data (approximately 4 X 4 km(2)) were aggregated in time and space to daily precipitation at 1/8 degree and compared to the University of Washington (UW) daily precipitation data, which were gridded at 1/8 degree based on rain-gauge precipitation data. Comparisons of the temporal cumulative precipitation magnitudes indicate that the NEXRAD precipitation is smaller than the UW data and the rain gauge measurements. Hyetographs obtained from the NEXRAD data in general appear to be narrower with higher peaks. In addition, the NEXRAD data are better in capturing the precipitation spatial distributions than the UW data. Investigations of water fluxes based on simulations forced by the two types of precipitation datasets suggest that realistic streamflow simulations, compared to the observed daily streamflow at the outlet of the Illinois River at Watts, can be obtained if model parameters are calibrated. Compared to soil moisture of the total zone, runoff and evapotranspiration are more sensitive to the temporal and spatial distributions of precipitation, with runoff being most sensitive. Also, runoff and evapotranspiration obtained based on the NEXRAD precipitation data show more spatial heterogeneities than those obtained by using the UW precipitation data. Moreover, the magnitudes of the components of the water budget can be strongly impacted by the VIC-3L calibrated parameters, but their spatial distribution patterns may not be significantly affected. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA. RP Liang, X (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM liang@ce.berkeley.edu NR 50 TC 28 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1694 J9 J HYDROL JI J. Hydrol. PD OCT 1 PY 2004 VL 298 IS 1-4 BP 311 EP 334 DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2003.08.020 PG 24 WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 851GF UT WOS:000223672900015 ER PT J AU Lin, HQ Shik, HY Wang, YQ Batista, CD Gubernatis, JE AF Lin, HQ Shik, HY Wang, YQ Batista, CD Gubernatis, JE TI Investigating. magnetic properties by quantum Monte Carlo simulations SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE itinerant ferromagnetism; strongly correlated electrons; quantum Monte Carlo ID FERMION GROUND-STATES; LATTICE AB We briefly review the results of recent work establishing a new mechanism for itinerant ferromagnetism in the periodic Anderson model. The novel mechanism, called the segmented band mechanism, whose energy scale is up to two orders of magnitude larger than the RKKY mechanism, is determined by a competition between two energy scales set by certain band features. Here, we report preliminary simulation results studying the effects of band dispersion on these scales and hence on the stability of the ferromagnetic state. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Dept Phys, Shatin, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Lin, HQ (reprint author), Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Dept Phys, Shatin, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. EM hqlin@phy.cuhk.edu.hk NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-8853 J9 J MAGN MAGN MATER JI J. Magn. Magn. Mater. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 281 IS 2-3 BP 240 EP 246 DI 10.1016/j.jmmm.2004.04.128 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 859BF UT WOS:000224236200013 ER PT J AU Fernandez-Gonzalez, R Barcellos-Hoff, MH Ortiz-de-Solorzano, C AF Fernandez-Gonzalez, R Barcellos-Hoff, MH Ortiz-de-Solorzano, C TI Quantitative image analysis in mammary gland biology SO JOURNAL OF MAMMARY GLAND BIOLOGY AND NEOPLASIA LA English DT Article DE image analysis; whole mount; 3D reconstruction; segmentation; quantification ID IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION; BREAST-CANCER PROGRESSION; THICK TISSUE-SECTIONS; CELL-NUCLEI; 3-DIMENSIONAL RECONSTRUCTION; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; MICROSCOPIC IMAGES; GENE AMPLIFICATION; SEGMENTATION; RAT AB In this paper we present a summary of recent quantitative approaches used for the analysis of macro and microscopic images in mammary gland biology. The advantages and disadvantages of whole mount analysis, reconstruction of serial tissue sections and nucleus/cell segmentation of either conventional and confocal images are discussed, as are applications of quantitative image analysis, such as quantification of protein levels or vasculature measurements in normal tissue and cancer. Integration of quantitative imaging into the further study of the mammary gland holds the promise of better understanding its tissue complexity that evolves during development, differentiation and disease. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. UC Berkeley US San Francisco Joint Grad Program B, San Francisco, CA USA. RP Ortiz-de-Solorzano, C (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM codesolorzano@lbl.gov RI Ortiz de Solorzano, Carlos/G-3278-2010; Fernandez-Gonzalez, Rodrigo/F-6145-2012 OI Ortiz de Solorzano, Carlos/0000-0001-8720-0205; NR 69 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1083-3021 J9 J MAMMARY GLAND BIOL JI J. Mammary Gland Biol. Neoplasia PD OCT PY 2004 VL 9 IS 4 BP 343 EP 359 DI 10.1007/s10911-004-1405-9 PG 17 WC Oncology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Physiology SC Oncology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Physiology GA 918ER UT WOS:000228525600004 PM 15838604 ER PT J AU Alcaraz, J Nelson, CM Bissell, MJ AF Alcaraz, J Nelson, CM Bissell, MJ TI Biomechanical approaches for studying integration of tissue structure and function in mammary epithelia SO JOURNAL OF MAMMARY GLAND BIOLOGY AND NEOPLASIA LA English DT Article DE microenvironment; mammary epithelial cells; structure-function; cell shape; cell biomechanics; 3D cultures ID ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; GENE-EXPRESSION; TRACTION FORCES; LIVING CELLS; ULTIMATE REGULATOR; MECHANICAL FORCE; SHEAR-STRESS; MATRIX; INTEGRIN; MECHANOTRANSDUCTION AB The structure and function of each individual mammary epithelial cell (MEC) is largely controlled by a bidirectional interchange of chemical and mechanical signals with the microenvironment. Most of these signals are tissue-specific, since they arise from the threedimensional (3D) tissue organization and are modulated during mammary gland development, maturation, pregnancy, lactation, and involution. Although the important role played by structural and mechanical signals in mammary cell and tissue function is being increasingly recognized, quantitative biomechanical approaches are still scarce. Here we review currently available biomechanical tools that allow quantitative examination of individual cells, groups of cells or full monolayers in two-dimensional cultures, and cells in 3D cultures. Current technological limitations and challenges are discussed, with special emphasis on their potential applications in MEC biology. We argue that the combination of biomechanical tools with current efforts in mathematical modeling and in cell and molecular biology applied to 3D cultures provides a powerful approach to unravel the complexity of tissue-specific structure-function relationships. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Bissell, MJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 83-101, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM mjbissell@lbl.gov RI Alcaraz, Jordi/F-5513-2016 OI Alcaraz, Jordi/0000-0001-7898-1599 FU NCI NIH HHS [R37 CA064786, CA57621, CA64786-02, R01 CA057621, R01 CA057621-07, R01 CA064786, R01 CA064786-07] NR 71 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1083-3021 J9 J MAMMARY GLAND BIOL JI J. Mammary Gland Biol. Neoplasia PD OCT PY 2004 VL 9 IS 4 BP 361 EP 374 DI 10.1007/s10911-004-1406-8 PG 14 WC Oncology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Physiology SC Oncology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Physiology GA 918ER UT WOS:000228525600005 PM 15838605 ER PT J AU Lockett, S de Solorzano, CO Baggett, D Chin, K AF Lockett, S de Solorzano, CO Baggett, D Chin, K TI Quantitative three-dimensional microscopy approaches with applications in breast cancer biology including measurement of genomic instability SO JOURNAL OF MAMMARY GLAND BIOLOGY AND NEOPLASIA LA English DT Article DE fluorescence microscopy; quantitative 3D imaging; mammary gland; genomic instability ID CELLS; NUCLEI; SPECTROSCOPY; SEGMENTATION; MORPHOLOGY; IMAGES AB Understanding tissue development, tissue homeostasis and what goes wrong in these processes during tumorigenesis, requires knowledge of the kinetics of multiple, molecular pathways in individual cells while cells are in their tissue context. This review outlines progress and future directions necessary in quantitative microscopy for gaining this knowledge, using the mammary gland as a model system. C1 NCI, Frederick Sci Applicat Int Corp Frederick, Frederick, MD 21701 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA USA. Worcester Polytech Inst, Worcester, MA 01609 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Lab Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Ctr Comprehens Canc, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Lockett, S (reprint author), NCI, Frederick Sci Applicat Int Corp Frederick, Frederick, MD 21701 USA. EM slockett@ncifcrf.gov RI Ortiz de Solorzano, Carlos/G-3278-2010 OI Ortiz de Solorzano, Carlos/0000-0001-8720-0205 FU NCI NIH HHS [N01-CO56000] NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1083-3021 J9 J MAMMARY GLAND BIOL JI J. Mammary Gland Biol. Neoplasia PD OCT PY 2004 VL 9 IS 4 BP 383 EP 391 DI 10.1007/x10911-004-1408-6 PG 9 WC Oncology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Physiology SC Oncology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Physiology GA 918ER UT WOS:000228525600007 PM 15838607 ER PT J AU Oyen, ML Cook, RF Emerson, JA Moody, NR AF Oyen, ML Cook, RF Emerson, JA Moody, NR TI Indentation responses of time-dependent films on stiff substrates (vol 19, pg 2487, 2004) SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Correction C1 Univ Minnesota, Dept Biophys Sci & Med Phys, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Oyen, ML (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Biophys Sci & Med Phys, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RI Oyen, Michelle/B-1600-2008; OI Oyen, Michelle/0000-0002-3428-748X NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 19 IS 10 BP 3120 EP 3121 DI 10.1557/JMR.2004.0445 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 858TE UT WOS:000224213900043 ER PT J AU Wuchina, E Opeka, M Causey, S Buesking, K Spain, J Cull, A Routbort, J Guitierrez-Mora, F AF Wuchina, E Opeka, M Causey, S Buesking, K Spain, J Cull, A Routbort, J Guitierrez-Mora, F TI Designing for ultrahigh-temperature applications: The mechanical and thermal properties of HfB2, HfCx, HfNx, and alpha Hf(N) SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Ultra-High Temperature Ceramic Materials CY NOV 05-07, 2003 CL Wintergreen, VA SP AFOSR ID OXIDATION; ZRB2 AB The thermal conductivity, thermal expansion, Young's Modulus, flexural strength, and brittle-plastic deformation transition temperature were determined for HfB2, HfC0.98, HfC0.67, and HfN0.92 ceramics. The mechanical behavior of alphaHf(N) solid solutions was also studied. The thermal conductivity of modified HfB2 exceeded that of the other materials by a factor of 5 at room temperature and by a factor of 2.5 at 820degreesC. The transition temperature of HfC exhibited a strong stoichiometry dependence, decreasing from 2200degreesC for HfC0.98 to 1100degreesC for HfC0.67 ceramics. The transition temperature of HfB2 was 1100degreesC. Pure HfB2 was found to have a strength of 340 MPa in 4 point bending, that was constant from room temperature to 1600degreesC, while a HfB2 + 10% HfCx had a higher room temperature bend strength of 440 MPa, but that dropped to 200 MPa at 1600degreesC. The data generated by this effort was inputted into finite element models to predict material response in internally heated nozzle tests. The theoretical model required accurate material properties, realistic thermal boundary conditions, transient heat transfer analysis, and a good understanding of the displacement constraints. The results of the modeling suggest that HfB2 should survive the high thermal stresses generated during the nozzle test primarily because of its superior thermal conductivity. The comparison the theoretical failure calculations to the observed response in actual test conditions show quite good agreement implying that the behavior of the design is well understood. (C) 2004 Kluwer Academic Publishers. C1 USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Bethesda, MD 20827 USA. So Res Inst, Birmingham, AL 35255 USA. Mat Res & Design, Philadelphia, PA USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Seville, Seville, Spain. RP Wuchina, E (reprint author), USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Bethesda, MD 20827 USA. EM wuchinaej@nswccd.navy.mil NR 23 TC 140 Z9 148 U1 7 U2 68 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-2461 J9 J MATER SCI JI J. Mater. Sci. PD OCT 1 PY 2004 VL 39 IS 19 BP 5939 EP 5949 DI 10.1023/B:JMSC.0000041690.06117.34 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 868DW UT WOS:000224895300006 ER PT J AU Schwab, ST Stewart, CA Dudeck, KW Kozmina, SM Katz, JD Bartram, B Wuchina, EJ Kroenke, WJ Courtin, G AF Schwab, ST Stewart, CA Dudeck, KW Kozmina, SM Katz, JD Bartram, B Wuchina, EJ Kroenke, WJ Courtin, G TI Polymeric precursors to refractory metal borides SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Ultra-High Temperature Ceramic Materials CY NOV 05-07, 2003 CL Wintergreen, VA SP AFOSR ID HAFNIUM CARBIDE; OXIDATION; ZIRCONIUM; DIBORIDE AB Polymeric precursors to zirconium and hafnium diboride are described. Initial studies concentrated on carbothermal/borothermal reduction of metal alkoxides; however, improved results were obtained from oxide free-precursors prepared from the metal borohydride and borazine. The metal borides are obtained in good chemical and ceramic yield upon pyrolysis, and the polymeric precursors obtained through the reaction of borazine with the metal borohydride exhibit viscosities amenable to use as preceramic binders in powder processing. (C) 2004 Kluwer Academic Publishers. C1 Thor Technol Inc, Albuquerque, NM 87107 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Schwab, ST (reprint author), Thor Technol Inc, Albuquerque, NM 87107 USA. EM stschwab@twrol.com NR 21 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 7 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-2461 J9 J MATER SCI JI J. Mater. Sci. PD OCT 1 PY 2004 VL 39 IS 19 BP 6051 EP 6055 DI 10.1023/B:JMSC.0000041701.01103.41 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 868DW UT WOS:000224895300017 ER PT J AU [Anonymous] AF [Anonymous] TI The SIV/HIV vaccine database for non-human primates: A tool to support theHIV vaccine development effort SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL PRIMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0047-2565 J9 J MED PRIMATOL JI J. Med. Primatol. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 33 IS 5-6 BP 306 EP 306 PG 1 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 858GC UT WOS:000224179300080 ER PT J AU Howard, BH Killmeyer, RP Rothenberger, KS Cugini, AV Morreale, BD Enick, RM Bustamante, F AF Howard, BH Killmeyer, RP Rothenberger, KS Cugini, AV Morreale, BD Enick, RM Bustamante, F TI Hydrogen permeance of palladium-copper alloy membranes over a wide range of temperatures and pressures SO JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE gas separations; inorganic membranes; metal membranes; hydrogen; palladium-copper ID ELEVATED-TEMPERATURES; COMPOSITE MEMBRANES; METAL MEMBRANES; SEPARATION; DIFFUSION; SULFIDE AB The permeance of Pd-Cu alloys containing 40, 53, 60, and 80 wt.% Pd has been determined over the 623-1173 K temperature range for H-2 partial pressure differences as great as 2.6 MPa. Pure palladium and copper membranes were also evaluated. The Pd-Cu alloys exhibited predictable permeances that reflected the crystalline phase structures as shown in the binary phase diagram. Under conditions of face-centered-cubic (fcc) stability, the permeance increased steadily with palladium content, approaching the permeance of pure palladium membranes. The 53 and 60 wt.% Pd alloys were evaluated at temperatures within the body-centered-cubic (bcc) stability region. For both alloys, the bcc permeance was several times greater than the fcc permeance with the 60 wt.% Pd bcc permeance at 623 K reaching about 70% of the permeance of palladium. These bcc alloys were subjected to temperature increases during testing that resulted in transition from bcc to fcc, followed by temperature decreases that should revert the alloys to bcc. The permeances dropped abruptly during the transition from bcc to fcc. However, on cooling back to the bcc stability region, neither the 60 nor 53 wt.% Pd alloy completely regained a bcc permeance during the test period. All of the Pd-Cu alloys subjected to testing at H 73 K showed some permeance decline that was attributed to intermetallic diffusion between the membrane and support. The application of a diffusion barrier between the support and membrane foil in a 53 wt.% Pd permeance test successfully blocked the intermetallic diffusion and prevented degredation of the membrane's performance. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 US DOE, NETL, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. Parsons Project Serv Inc, South Pk, PA 15129 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Chem & Petr Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. RP Howard, BH (reprint author), US DOE, NETL, POB 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. EM bret.howard@netl.doe.gov NR 24 TC 127 Z9 132 U1 3 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0376-7388 J9 J MEMBRANE SCI JI J. Membr. Sci. PD OCT 1 PY 2004 VL 241 IS 2 BP 207 EP 218 DI 10.1016/j.memsci.2004.04.031 PG 12 WC Engineering, Chemical; Polymer Science SC Engineering; Polymer Science GA 849YG UT WOS:000223577000005 ER PT J AU Morreale, BD Ciocco, MV Howard, BH Killmeyer, RP Cugini, A Enick, RM AF Morreale, BD Ciocco, MV Howard, BH Killmeyer, RP Cugini, A Enick, RM TI Effect of hydrogen-sulfide on the hydrogen permeance of palladium-copper alloys at elevated temperatures SO JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE gas separations; hydrogen; hydrogen-sulfide; metal membranes; palladium-copper ID DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; MEMBRANES; CATALYST; SULFUR; PD AB The hydrogen permeance of several 0.1 mm thick Pd-Cu alloy foils (80 wt.% Pd-20 wt.% Cu, 60 wt.% Pd-40 wt.% Cu and 53 wt.% Pd-47 wt.% Cu) was evaluated using transient flux measurements at temperatures ranging from 603 to 1123 K and pressures up to 620 kPa both in the presence and absence of 1000 ppm H2S. Sulfur resistance, as evidenced by no significant change in permeance, was correlated with the temperatures associated with the face-centered-cubic crystalline structure for the alloys in this study. The permeance of the body-centered cubic phase, however, was up to two orders of magnitude lower when exposed to H2S. A smooth transition from sulfur poisoning to sulfur resistance with increasing temperature was correlated with the alloy transition from a body-centered-cubic structure to a face-centered-cubic structure. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Parsons Project Serv Inc, Pittsburgh, PA 15129 USA. US DOE, NETL, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Chem & Petr Engn, NETL, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. RP Morreale, BD (reprint author), Parsons Project Serv Inc, POB 618, Pittsburgh, PA 15129 USA. EM bryan.morreale@pp.netl.doe.gov NR 16 TC 111 Z9 114 U1 2 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0376-7388 J9 J MEMBRANE SCI JI J. Membr. Sci. PD OCT 1 PY 2004 VL 241 IS 2 BP 219 EP 224 DI 10.1016/j.memsci.2004.04.033 PG 6 WC Engineering, Chemical; Polymer Science SC Engineering; Polymer Science GA 849YG UT WOS:000223577000006 ER PT J AU Hassanein, A Burtseva, T Brooks, JN Konkashbaev, I Rice, B AF Hassanein, A Burtseva, T Brooks, JN Konkashbaev, I Rice, B TI Candidate plasma-facing materials for extreme ultraviolet lithography source components SO JOURNAL OF MICROLITHOGRAPHY MICROFABRICATION AND MICROSYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE extreme ultraviolet source; plasma-facing components; thermal shock resistance; debris reduction ID MATERIAL EROSION; DISRUPTION; PERFORMANCE; PREDICTION; SIMULATION AB Material selection and lifetime issues for extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography are of critical importance to the success of this technology for commercial applications. This work reviews current trends in production and use of plasma-facing electrodes, insulators, and wall materials for EUV-type sources. Ideal candidate materials should be able to: withstand high thermal shock from the short pulsed plasma; withstand high thermal loads without structural failure; reduce debris generation during discharge; and be machined accurately. We reviewed the literature on current and proposed fusion plasma-facing materials as well as current experience with plasma gun and other simulation devices. Both fusion and EUV source materials involve issues of surface erosion by particle sputtering and heat-induced evaporation/melting. These materials are either bare structural materials or surface coatings. EUV materials can be divided into four categories: wall, electrode, optical, and insulator materials. For electric discharge sources, all four types are required, whereas laser-produced plasma EUV sources do not require electrode and insulator materials. Several types of candidate alloy and other materials and methods of manufacture are recommended for each component of EUV lithography light sources. (C) 2004 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Intel Corp, Component Res Div, Hillsboro, OR 97124 USA. RP Hassanein, A (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM hassanein@anl.gov NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOCIETY OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 1537-1646 J9 J MICROLITH MICROFAB JI J. Microlithogr. Microfabr. Microsyst. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 3 IS 4 BP 529 EP 536 DI 10.1117/1.1793153 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Optics GA 867WH UT WOS:000224872900004 ER PT J AU Stipe, CB Choi, JH Lucas, D Koshland, CP Sawyer, RF AF Stipe, CB Choi, JH Lucas, D Koshland, CP Sawyer, RF TI Nanoparticle production by UV irradiation of combustion generated soot particles SO JOURNAL OF NANOPARTICLE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE ablation; aerosols; nanoparticles; particles; photofragmentation; soot ID LASER-ABLATION; MICROPARTICLES; AEROSOL; GROWTH; NM AB Laser ablation of surfaces normally produce high temperature plasmas that are difficult to control. By irradiating small particles in the gas phase, we can better control the size and concentration of the resulting particles when different materials are photofragmented. Here, we irradiate soot with 193 nm light from an ArF excimer laser. Irradiating the original agglomerated particles at fluences ranging from 0.07 to 0.26 J/cm(2) with repetition rates of 20 and 100 Hz produces a large number of small, unagglomerated particles, and a smaller number of spherical agglomerated particles. Mean particle diameters from 20 to 50 nm are produced from soot originally having a mean electric mobility diameter of 265 nm. We use a non-dimensional parameter, called the photon - atom ratio ( PAR), to aid in understanding the photofragmentation process. This parameter is the ratio of the number of photons striking the soot particles to the number of the carbon atoms contained in the soot particles, and is a better metric than the laser fluence for analyzing laser - particle interactions. These results suggest that UV photofragmentation can be effective in controlling particle size and morphology, and can be a useful diagnostic for studying elements of the laser ablation process. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Lucas, D (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA USA. EM d_lucas@lbl.gov RI Sawyer, Robert/B-5013-2014 NR 27 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 4 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1388-0764 J9 J NANOPART RES JI J. Nanopart. Res. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 6 IS 5 BP 467 EP 477 DI 10.1007/s11051-004-2162-9 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 881BQ UT WOS:000225838800004 ER PT J AU Tapan, NA Mustain, WE Gurau, B Sandi, G Prakash, J AF Tapan, NA Mustain, WE Gurau, B Sandi, G Prakash, J TI Investigation of methanol oxidation electrokinetics on Pt using the asymmetric electrode technique SO JOURNAL OF NEW MATERIALS FOR ELECTROCHEMICAL SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Direct Methanol Fuel Cell; asymmetric electrodeds; methanol oxidation kinetics AB The performance of a commercial Pt-black electrocatalyst was investigated in a Direct Methanol Fuel Cell (DMFC). A method for establishing the validity of anode polarization (without the use of a reference electrode) was shown by purging hydrogen and argon gas at the cathode under an asymmetric electrode configuration. It was found that hydrogen crossover to the cathode has a negligible effect on the polarization curve. In order to study methanol oxidation kinetics, the effects of mass transfer and ohmic resistances are eliminated and the correction techniques are discussed. At, approximate to 0.55 V, E-a changes from 60 kJ/mol to 40 kJ/mol (the removal of surface carbon monoxide) which points to the change in the rate determining step of the methanol oxidation reaction. Based on the value of the Tafel slope (138 mV/dec),the rate-determining step on the platinum surface can be the first electron transfer step (first C-H bond breakage of methanol or the activation of water) before 0.55 V. C1 IIT, Ctr Electrochem Sci & Engn, Dept Environm Chem & Engn, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Prakash, J (reprint author), IIT, Ctr Electrochem Sci & Engn, Dept Environm Chem & Engn, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. EM prakash@iit.edu NR 27 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 3 PU ECOLE POLYTECHNIQUE MONTREAL PI MONTREAL PA C P 6079, SUCC CENTRE-VILLE, MONTREAL, PQ H3C 3A7, CANADA SN 1480-2422 J9 J NEW MAT ELECTR SYS JI J. New Mat.Electrochem. Syst. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 7 IS 4 BP 281 EP 286 PG 6 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA 878FQ UT WOS:000225632500005 ER PT J AU Farges, F Lefrere, Y Rossano, S Berthereau, A Calas, G Brown, GE AF Farges, F Lefrere, Y Rossano, S Berthereau, A Calas, G Brown, GE TI The effect of redox state on the local structural environment of iron in silicate glasses: a molecular dynamics, combined XAFS spectroscopy, and bond valence study SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS LA English DT Article ID NEAR-EDGE STRUCTURE; FINE-STRUCTURE SPECTROSCOPY; FERRIC-FERROUS EQUILIBRIA; RAY-ABSORPTION-SPECTRA; PRE-EDGE; NA2O-FEO-FE2O3-SIO2 SYSTEM; OXIDATION-STATES; OXYGEN FUGACITY; DISSOLVED WATER; OXIDE GLASSES AB A series of 27 silicate glasses of various compositions containing 0.2-2 at.% iron were synthesized at various oxygen fugacity values. The glasses were examined using X-ray absorption fine structure (XANES) spectroscopy at the Fe K-edge in order to determine iron oxidation state and first-neighbor coordination number. Spectral information extracted from the pre-edge region and principal component analysis (PCA) of the XANES region, together with a spectral inversion, were used to derive the end-member spectral components for Fe(II) and Fe(III). Linear trends in the pre-edge features were observed for most compositional series of the glasses examined as a function of Fe(II)/Fe(III) content. These linear trends are believed to be due to the similarity of average coordination numbers for both Fe(II) and Fe(III) end-members in each series. This result is consistent with model simulations of the XANES region and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations for the two end-member compositions which also show that Fe(II) and Fe(III) have similar average coordination numbers. These simulations also suggest the presence of five-coordinated Fe(III) in the melt phase. Based on a bond valence analysis of these MD simulations, a simple model is proposed to help predict the speciation of iron in oxide and silicate glasses and melts. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Marne La Vallee, CNRS, Lab Geomat, FRE 2455, F-77454 Marne La Vallee 2, France. Stanford Univ, Dept Geol & Environm Sci, Surface & Aqueous Geochem Grp, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Univ Paris 06, Lab Mineral Cristallog, F-75252 Paris 05, France. Univ Paris 07, IPGP, F-75252 Paris 05, France. CNRS, UMR 7590, F-75252 Paris 05, France. St Gobain Res, F-93303 Aubervilliers, France. St Gobain Vetrotex, F-73009 Chambery, France. Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, SLAC, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Farges, F (reprint author), Univ Marne La Vallee, CNRS, Lab Geomat, FRE 2455, Cite Descartes,Champs S Marne, F-77454 Marne La Vallee 2, France. EM farges@univ-mlv.fr RI Calas, Georges/B-2445-2012 OI Calas, Georges/0000-0003-0525-5734 NR 56 TC 110 Z9 111 U1 3 U2 56 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3093 J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids PD OCT 1 PY 2004 VL 344 IS 3 BP 176 EP 188 DI 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2004.07.050 PG 13 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 864IV UT WOS:000224628100010 ER PT J AU Ashok, B Arleth, L Hjelm, RP Rubinstein, I Onyuksel, H AF Ashok, B Arleth, L Hjelm, RP Rubinstein, I Onyuksel, H TI In vitro characterization of PEGylated phospholipid micelles for improved drug solubilization: Effects of PEG chain length and PC incorporation SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE water-insoluble drug; PEGylated lipids; sterically stabilized mixed micelles; sterically stabilized micelles; diazepam; SANS; QELS; parenteral formulation; solubilization ID ANGLE NEUTRON-SCATTERING; DIFFRACTOMETER; FORMULATION; SURFACTANT; LIPOSOMES; BEHAVIOR AB Sterically stabilized micelles (SSM) composed of poly(ethylene glycol-2000)-grafted distearoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DSPE-PEG) and sterically stabilized mixed micelles (SSMM) composed of DSPE-PEG and egg-phosphatidyl choline (PC) have recently been introduced as novel lipid based carriers for water-insoluble drugs. However, factors that affect the solubilization behavior of these phospholipid. micelles are not well understood. This study investigates the effect of PEG chain length and PC content on physical properties and solubilization potential of PEGylated phospholipid micelles. Critical micelle concentrations (CMC) determined for DSPE-PEG with different PEG chain lengths (2000, 3000, and 5000) using a fluorescent probe were in the micromolar range (0.5-1.5 muM) with higher CMC for longer PEG chain length. The size of micelles determined by quasi-elastic light scattering (QELS) showed that micellar systems became heterogeneous when PC was added at greater than or equal to25% for DSPE-PEG 2000 and greater than or equal to40% for DSPE-PEG 5000, respectively. Above these critical PC ratios a significant increase in aggregation number and formation of rodlike particles were observed by small angle neutron scattering (SANS). Solubilization of diazepam. was greater with DSPE-PEG 2000 than DSPE-PEG 5000 simple micelles as determined by RP-HPLC. However, DSPE-PEG 5000 micelles showed greater improvement in solubilization of the water-insoluble drug with an increase in PC content. In conclusion, phospholipid micelle size and solubilization potential varied with PEG chain length and PC content in the mixed micelle. Aggregation number and shape of the micelles did not significantly change until the critical PC concentrations. (C) 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Biopharmaceut Sci, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Neutron Sci Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Med, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. Jesse Brown VA Med Ctr, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Bioengn, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. RP Onyuksel, H (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Biopharmaceut Sci, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. EM hayat@uic.edu RI Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012; Arleth, Lise/M-4705-2014 OI Arleth, Lise/0000-0002-4694-4299 NR 30 TC 133 Z9 133 U1 3 U2 55 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0022-3549 J9 J PHARM SCI-US JI J. Pharm. Sci. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 93 IS 10 BP 2476 EP 2487 DI 10.1002/jps.20150 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry GA 858YP UT WOS:000224229100007 PM 15349957 ER PT J AU Sibirtsev, A Krewald, S Thomas, AW AF Sibirtsev, A Krewald, S Thomas, AW TI Systematic analysis of charmonium photoproduction SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID LARGE MOMENTUM-TRANSFER; DEEP-INELASTIC-SCATTERING; VECTOR-MESON PRODUCTION; EXCLUSIVE PHOTOPRODUCTION; J/PSI PHOTOPRODUCTION; PHI-MESON; HERA; QCD; ELECTROPRODUCTION; LEPTOPRODUCTION AB The available data on J/Psi photoproduction are analysed in terms of pomeron exchange, two-gluon exchange and photon-gluon fusion models. Allowing the pomeron-quark interaction to be flavour-dependent and introducing both soft and hard pomerons it is possible to reproduce the data at roots > 10 GeV and small \t\. The two-gluon exchange calculations indicate strong sensitivity to the gluon distribution function. The results obtained with the most modem MRST2001 and DL PDF reproduce the forward J/Psi photoproduction cross section at roots > 10 GeV. The calculations with the photon-gluon fusion model and with MRST2001 and DL PDF are also in reasonable agreement with the data on the total J/Psi photoproduction cross section. However none of the models describe the data at roots < 10 GeV or \t\ greater than or equal to 1 GeV2. We attribute the J/Psi photoproduction at low energies and large \t\ to a mechanism different from pomeron or two-gluon exchange. We consider that this might be the exchange of an axial vector trajectory that couples with the axial form factor of the nucleon. C1 Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Kernphys, D-52425 Julich, Germany. Univ Adelaide, Special Res Ctr Subatom Struct Matter, CSSM, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys & Math Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Kernphys, Postfach 1913, D-52425 Julich, Germany. RI Thomas, Anthony/G-4194-2012; OI Thomas, Anthony/0000-0003-0026-499X; Krewald, Siegfried/0000-0002-8596-8429 NR 44 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 EI 1361-6471 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 30 IS 10 BP 1427 EP 1444 AR PII S0954-3899(04)84700-5 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/30/10/009 PG 18 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 865BB UT WOS:000224676400013 ER PT J AU Csorgo, T Gyulassy, M Kharzeev, D AF Csorgo, T Gyulassy, M Kharzeev, D TI Buckyballs and gluon junction networks on the femtometre scale SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Letter ID BARYON NUMBER AB We explore the possibility that novel geometrical structures analogous to carbon fullerenes may exist in Nature on the femtometre scale. The theory of strong interactions, quantum chromodynamics (QCD) predicts the existence of special topological gluon field configurations called baryon junctions and anti-junctions. Here we show that femto-scale structures, networks or closed (gluon field) cages, can be constructed in the theory of QCD as tiny cousins of familiar nano-scale structures such as carbonic fullerenes C-60, C-70. The most symmetric polyhedra of QCD junctions (J-balls) are characterized by the 'magic numbers' 8, 24, 48 and 120, and zero net baryon number. Tubes, prisms, tori and other topological structures can also be created. In addition, special configurations can be constructed that are odd under charge and parity conjugation (CP), although the QCD Lagrangian is CP even. We provide a semiclassical estimate for the expected mass range of QCD buckyballs and discuss the possible conditions under which such novel topological excitations of the QCD vacuum may be produced in experiments of high-energy physics. C1 RMKI, KFKI, MTA, H-1525 Budapest 114, Hungary. USP, Inst Fis, BR-05389970 Sao Paulo, Brazil. Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA. Collegium Budapest, H-1014 Budapest, Hungary. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Csorgo, T (reprint author), RMKI, KFKI, MTA, POB 49, H-1525 Budapest 114, Hungary. EM csorgo@sunserv.kfki.hu; gyulassy@mail-cunuke.phys.columbia.edu; kharzeev@bnl.gov RI Csorgo, Tamas/I-4183-2012; OI Csorgo, Tamas/0000-0002-9110-9663 NR 14 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 30 IS 10 BP L17 EP L25 AR PII S0954-3899(04)83604-1 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/30/10/L01 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 865BB UT WOS:000224676400001 ER PT J AU Battaglia, M Hinchliffe, I Tovey, D AF Battaglia, M Hinchliffe, I Tovey, D TI Cold dark matter and the LHC SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Review ID DYNAMICAL SUPERSYMMETRY BREAKING; NEUTRALINO RELIC DENSITY; MINIMAL SUPERGRAVITY; ELASTIC-SCATTERING; GRAND UNIFICATION; STANDARD MODEL; HIGGS-BOSON; WIMP SEARCH; MODULATION; PARTICLES AB The recent determination of the dark matter density in the universe by the WMAP satellite has brought new attention to the interplay of results from particle physics experiments at accelerators and from cosmology. In this paper we discuss the prospects for finding direct evidence for a candidate dark matter particle at the LHC and the measurements which would be crucial for testing its compatibility with the cosmology data. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. Univ Sheffield, Dept Phys & Astron, Sheffield S3 7RH, S Yorkshire, England. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 130 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 EI 1361-6471 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 30 IS 10 BP R217 EP R244 AR PII S0954-3899(04)71429-2 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/30/10/R01 PG 28 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 865BB UT WOS:000224676400003 ER PT J AU Butler, P Wagner, C Guidotti, R Francis, I AF Butler, P Wagner, C Guidotti, R Francis, I TI Long-life, multi-tap thermal battery development SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 23rd International Power Sources Symposium CY SEP 22-24, 2003 CL Amsterdam, NETHERLANDS DE thermal batteries; molten salt electrolytes; cobalt sulfide; lithium-silicon AB This paper describes an effort to develop long-life, multi-tap thermal battery technology with a minimal weight and volume. The effort has several challenging goals. Some of the development goals include an activated life of at least one hour, four voltage sections, and the ability to sustain significant pulse loads at the end of life. In order to meet these goals, advanced materials were chosen for development. The thermal battery chemistry developed consists of lithium-silicon anodes, low-melting eutectic electrolyte/separators, and cobalt disulfide cathodes. Besides evolving the electrochemistry for this battery, there are several other design challenges such as fine-tuning the heat balance so as to allow the battery to sustain the extended duration discharge. In addition, to minimize volume, the battery can is configured in a tapered shape and consequently requires a tapered Min-K(TM) sleeve for insulation. A new igniter design is also being used. Finally, extremely narrow voltage ranges for each of the four voltage taps have contributed to the challenges facing development engineers. This paper includes a summary of the battery design and presents test data from pre-prototype units. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Butler, P (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,MS0613, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM pcbutlc@sandia.gov NR 13 TC 16 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD OCT 1 PY 2004 VL 136 IS 2 SI SI BP 240 EP 245 DI 10.1016/j.powsour.2004.03.034 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 860RR UT WOS:000224361200008 ER PT J AU Guidotti, RA Reinhardt, FW Odinek, J AF Guidotti, RA Reinhardt, FW Odinek, J TI Overview of high-temperature batteries for geothermal and oil/gas borehole power sources SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 23rd International Power Sources Symposium CY SEP 22-24, 2003 CL Amsterdam, NETHERLANDS DE applications/drilling/bore holes; thermal batteries; solid-state batteries ID GLASS AB Batteries currently used as power supplies for measurement while drilling (MWD) equipment in boreholes for oil and gas exploration use a modified lithium/thionyl chloride technology. These batteries are limited to operating temperatures below 200degreesC. At higher temperatures, the batteries and the associated electronics must be protected by a dewar. Sandia National Laboratories has been actively engaged in developing suitable alternative technologies for geothermal and oil/gas borehole power sources that are based on both ionic liquid and solid-state electrolytes. In this paper, we present the results of our studies to date and the directions of future efforts. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Guidotti, RA (reprint author), Sierra Nevada Consulting, 1536 W High Pointe Ct, Minden, NV 89423 USA. EM raguido@attglobal.net NR 20 TC 27 Z9 35 U1 3 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD OCT 1 PY 2004 VL 136 IS 2 SI SI BP 257 EP 262 DI 10.1016/j.powsour.2004.03.007 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 860RR UT WOS:000224361200011 ER PT J AU Nagasubramanian, G Doughty, DH AF Nagasubramanian, G Doughty, DH TI Electrical characterization of all-solid-state thin film batteries SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 23rd International Power Sources Symposium CY SEP 22-24, 2003 CL Amsterdam, NETHERLANDS DE solid-state batteries; impedance; coulombic efficiency; discharge capacity ID ELECTROLYTE AB All-solid-state thin film micro-batteries comprised of a lithium anode, lithium phosphorus oxy-nitride (UPON) solid electrolyte and LixCoO2 cathode were evaluated at different temperatures from -50 to 80degreesC for electrical behavior and impedance raise. The cell dimensions were similar to2 cm long, similar to1.5 cm wide and similar to15 mum thick. The rated capacity of the cells was about 400 muAh. The cells were cycled (charge/discharge) at room temperature over 100 times at a 0.25C rate. The charge and discharge cut-off voltages were 4.2 and 3.0 V, respectively. The cells did not show any capacity decay over 100 cycles. The measured capacity was 400 muAh. The coulombic efficiency was 1, which suggests that the cell reaction is free from any parasitic side reactions and the lithium intercalation and de-intercalation reaction is completely and totally reversible. These cells also have good high-rate performance at room temperature. For example, these cells discharged at a 2.5C rate delivered similar to90% of the capacity at a 0.25C rate. However, the delivered capacities even at a 0.25C rate at 80 and -50degreesC were much lower than the room temperature capacity. Cells soaked at -50degreesC were not damaged permanently as seen by the near normal behavior when returned to room temperature. However, cells heated to 80degreesC were permanently damaged as seen by the lack of normal performance back at room temperature. Cell impedance was measured before and after cycling at different temperatures. The high-frequency resistance (generally ascribed to the electrolyte and other resistances in series with the electrolyte resistance) decreased with decreasing temperature. However, the interfacial resistance increased significantly with decreasing temperature. Further, the electrolyte resistance accounted for similar to2% of the total cell resistance. The cycled cells showed higher impedance than the uncycled cells. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM USA. RP Nagasubramanian, G (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, 2521 Lithium Battery R&D 1515, Albuquerque, NM USA. EM gnagasu@sandia.gov NR 5 TC 33 Z9 38 U1 1 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD OCT 1 PY 2004 VL 136 IS 2 SI SI BP 395 EP 400 DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2004.03.019 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 860RR UT WOS:000224361200032 ER PT J AU Ortiz, F Simpson, JR Pignatiello, JJ Heredia-Langner, A AF Ortiz, F Simpson, JR Pignatiello, JJ Heredia-Langner, A TI A genetic algorithm approach to multiple-response optimization SO JOURNAL OF QUALITY TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE heuristic methods; regression modeling; response surface desirability functions AB Many designed experiments require the simultaneous optimization of multiple responses. A common approach is to use a desirability function combined with an optimization algorithm to find the most desirable settings of the controllable factors. However, as the problem grows even moderately in either the number of factors or the number of responses, conventional optimization algorithms can fail to find the global optimum. An alternative approach is to use a heuristic search procedure such as a genetic algorithm (GA). This paper proposes and develops a multiple-response solution technique using a GA in conjunction with an unconstrained desirability function. The GA requires that several parameters be determined in order for the algorithm to operate effectively. We perform a robust designed experiment in order to tune the genetic algorithm to perform well regardless of the complexity of the multiple-response optimization problem. The performance of the proposed GA method is evaluated and compared with the performance of the method that combines the desirability with the generalized reduced gradient (GRG) optimization. The evaluation shows that only the proposed GA approach consistently and effectively solves multiple-response problems of varying complexity. C1 Florida A&M Univ, Dept Ind Engn, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. Florida State Univ, Dept Ind Engn, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Ortiz, F (reprint author), Florida A&M Univ, Dept Ind Engn, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. EM fortiz@eng.fsu.edu; simpson@eng.fsu.edu; pigna@eng.fsu.edu NR 24 TC 43 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC QUALITY CONTROL-ASQC PI MILWAUKEE PA 600 N PLANKINTON AVE, MILWAUKEE, WI 53203 USA SN 0022-4065 J9 J QUAL TECHNOL JI J. Qual. Technol. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 36 IS 4 BP 432 EP 450 PG 19 WC Engineering, Industrial; Operations Research & Management Science; Statistics & Probability SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics GA 858YE UT WOS:000224227900007 ER PT J AU Hodge, NE Shi, LZX Trabia, MB AF Hodge, NE Shi, LZX Trabia, MB TI A distributed fuzzy logic controller for an autonomous vehicle SO JOURNAL OF ROBOTIC SYSTEMS LA English DT Article ID MOBILE ROBOT; NAVIGATION; STRATEGIES; GUIDANCE AB Autonomous vehicles can be used in a variety of applications such as hazardous environments or intelligent highway systems. Fuzzy logic is an appropriate choice for this application as it can describe human behavior well. This paper proposes two fuzzy logic controllers for the steering and the velocity control of an autonomous vehicle. The two controllers are divided into separate modules to mimic the way humans think while driving. The steering controller is divided into four modules; one module drives the vehicle toward the target while another module avoids collision with obstacles. A third module drives the vehicle through mazes. The fourth module adjusts the final orientation of the target. The velocity controller is divided into three modules; the first module speeds up the vehicle to reach the target and slows it down as it moves toward the target. The second module controls the velocity in the neighborhood of obstacles. A third module controls the velocity of the vehicle as it turns sharp corners. A method for automatic tuning of the first module of the velocity controller is proposed to stabilize the velocity of the vehicle as it approaches the target. Two examples to demonstrate the interaction among the seven control modules are included. Results of the simulation are compared with those in the literature. (C) 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Nevada, Dept Mech Engn, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. RP Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808,L-125, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM mbt@me.unlv.edu OI Trabia, Mohamed/0000-0003-3090-9672 NR 18 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0741-2223 J9 J ROBOTIC SYST JI J. Robot. Syst. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 21 IS 10 BP 499 EP 516 DI 10.1002/rob.20032 PG 18 WC Robotics SC Robotics GA 853OS UT WOS:000223837500001 ER PT J AU Lewandowski, JLV AF Lewandowski, JLV TI Particle-in-cell simulations with kinetic electrons SO JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE turbulence; particle-in-cell; multigrid; drift-waves ID ITERATIVE SOLUTION; TRANSPORT; EQUATIONS; ALGORITHM AB A new scheme, based on an exact separation between adiabatic and nonadiabatic electron responses, for particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations of drift-type modes is presented. The ( linear and nonlinear) elliptic equations for the scalar fields are solved using a multigrid solver. The new scheme yields linear growth rates in excellent agreement with theory and it is shown to conserve energy well into the nonlinear regime. It is also demonstrated that simulations with few electrons are reliable and accurate, suggesting that large-scale, PIC simulations with electron dynamics in toroidal geometry (e.g., tokamaks and stellarators plasmas) are within reach of present-day massively-parallel supercomputers. C1 Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Lewandowski, JLV (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM jlewando@pppl.gov NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0885-7474 J9 J SCI COMPUT JI J. Sci. Comput. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 21 IS 2 BP 173 EP 192 DI 10.1023/B:JOMP.0000030074.13977.45 PG 20 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA 826RF UT WOS:000221845500003 ER PT J AU Im, HJ Willis, C Saengkerdsub, S Makote, R Pawel, MD Dai, S AF Im, HJ Willis, C Saengkerdsub, S Makote, R Pawel, MD Dai, S TI Scintillators for alpha and neutron radiations synthesized by room temperature sol-gel processing SO JOURNAL OF SOL-GEL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Workshop on Sol-Gel-Science and Technology (Sol-Gel 2003) CY AUG 24-29, 2003 CL Sydney, AUSTRALIA DE sol-gel; scintillator; neutron detector; alpha detection ID ORGANIC-INORGANIC MATERIALS; POLYMER HYBRIDS; DESIGN AB Solid-state scintillating materials were synthesized by the co-doping of sol-gel components with neutron absorbers [Li-6 and B-10], organic fluorescence sensitizers such as salicylic acid and 2,5-diphenyloxazole (PPO) and activator 1,4-bis-2-(5-phenyloxazolyl)-benzene (POPOP). The room-temperature sol-gel process through the addition of organic polymers is the key to the successful entrapment of the organic sensitizers and activator in inorganic matrixes. These transparent or translucent sol-gel scintillators were evaluated for alpha radiation and neutron detections. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Dai, S (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM dais@ornl.gov RI Pawel, Michelle/Q-2729-2015; Dai, Sheng/K-8411-2015 OI Pawel, Michelle/0000-0003-0244-6703; Dai, Sheng/0000-0002-8046-3931 NR 18 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0928-0707 J9 J SOL-GEL SCI TECHN JI J. Sol-Gel Sci. Technol. PD OCT-DEC PY 2004 VL 32 IS 1-3 BP 117 EP 123 DI 10.1007/s10971-004-5775-7 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 912TR UT WOS:000228103300020 ER PT J AU Withers, RL Hoche, T Liu, Y Esmaeilzadeh, S Keding, R Sales, B AF Withers, RL Hoche, T Liu, Y Esmaeilzadeh, S Keding, R Sales, B TI A combined temperature-dependent electron and single-crystal X-ray diffraction study of the fresnoite compound Rb2V4+V25+O8 SO JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Rb2V3O8 fresnoite; low-temperature incommensurate phase transition; frozen RUM mode; temperature-dependent electron diffraction study; low-temperature average structure refinement ID FRAMEWORK-STRUCTURE TYPE; STRUCTURE REFINEMENT; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; BA2TISI2O8; BA2TIGE2O8; PHASE; SR2TISI2O8; BA2VSI2O8; BAVSI2O7 AB High-purity Rb2V3O8 has been grown and temperature-dependent electron and single-crystal X-ray diffraction used to carefully investigate its fresnoite-type reciprocal lattice. In contrast to other recently investigated representatives of the fresnoite family of compounds, Rb2V3O8 is not incommensurately modulated with an incommensurate basal plane primary modulation wave vector given by q similar to 0.3 <110>*. A careful low-temperature electron diffraction study has, however, revealed the existence of weak incommensurate satellite reflections characterized by the primitive primary modulation wave vector q(1) similar to 0.16c*. The reciprocal space positioning of these incommensurate satellite reflections, the overall (3 + 1)-d superspace group symmetry, as well as the shapes of the refined displacement ellipsoids determined from single-crystal XRD refinement, are all consistent with their arising from a distinct type of condensed rigid unit modes (RUMs) of distortion of the Rb2V3O8 parent structure. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Chem, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. Leibniz Inst Oberflachenmodifizierung eV, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany. Univ Stockholm, Arrhenius Lab, Dept Inorgan Chem, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. Univ Jena, Otto Schott Inst Glaschem, D-07743 Jena, Germany. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Chem, Bldg 35,Sci Rd, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. EM withers@rsc.anu.edu.au RI Hoche, Thomas/J-7850-2012; Withers, Ray/H-8309-2014; Liu, Yun/O-6153-2015 OI Withers, Ray/0000-0001-9017-2233; Liu, Yun/0000-0002-5404-3909 NR 30 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 7 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-4596 EI 1095-726X J9 J SOLID STATE CHEM JI J. Solid State Chem. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 177 IS 10 BP 3316 EP 3323 DI 10.1016/j.jssc.2004.05.056 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 862BV UT WOS:000224465500011 ER PT J AU Bobev, S Bauer, ED Thompson, JD Sarrao, JL Miller, GJ Eck, B Dronskowski, R AF Bobev, S Bauer, ED Thompson, JD Sarrao, JL Miller, GJ Eck, B Dronskowski, R TI Metallic behavior of the Zintl phase EuGe2: combined structural studies, property measurements, and electronic structure calculations SO JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE rare-earth intermetallics; crystal structure; magnetic measurements; EuGe2; Eu-magnet; zintl phases; DFT-calculations ID INTERMETALLIC COMPOUNDS; EXCHANGE; OXIDES; EU; SN; YB; TT; GE; SI AB The Zintl compound EuGe2 crystallizes in the trigonal space group P (3) over bar ml (No. 164) with the CeCd2-structure type. Its structure can be formally derived from the hexagonal AIB(2)-structure type by a strong puckering of the hexagonal layers. The chemical bonding in EuGe2 can be rationalized according to the Zintl concept as (Eu2+)(Ge1-)(2), since the europium atoms are divalent and each germanium atom receives one additional valence electron. In that sense, EuGe2 is expected to be a closed-shell compound with semiconducting behavior. However, temperature dependent resistivity measurements show EuGe2 to be metallic. Subsequently, detailed crystallographic studies revealed the structure and the composition of EuGe2 to be free of defects and impurities, which, along with the confirmed divalent oxidation state of the europium atoms by means of magnetic measurements, make EuGe2 another example of a metallic Zintl phase. These results are in good agreement with the results of electronic structure calculations such as TB-LMTO-ASA (LDA) and FLAPW (GGA), which reveal non-zero DOS at the Fermi level. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Anorgan Chem, D-52056 Aachen, Germany. RP Univ Delaware, Dept Chem & Biochem, 304A Drake Hall, Newark, DE 19716 USA. EM sbobev@chem.udel.edu RI Bauer, Eric/D-7212-2011 NR 45 TC 60 Z9 60 U1 4 U2 30 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-4596 EI 1095-726X J9 J SOLID STATE CHEM JI J. Solid State Chem. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 177 IS 10 BP 3545 EP 3552 DI 10.1016/j.jssc.2004.06.018 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 862BV UT WOS:000224465500041 ER PT J AU Sykora, RE Albrecht-Schmitt, TE AF Sykora, RE Albrecht-Schmitt, TE TI Hydrothermal synthesis and crystal structure of Cs-6[(UO2)(4)(W5O21)(OH)(2)(H2O)(2)]: a new polar uranyl tungstate SO JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE hydrothermal synthesis; single-crystal X-ray diffraction; uranyl tungstate; layered compound ID BOND-VALENCE PARAMETERS; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; CHEMISTRY; MOLYBDATES; SHEET; SELENITES; CATIONS; URANIUM; IODATES; UNITS AB The hydrothermal reaction of UO3, WO3, and CsIO4 leads to the formation of CS6[(UO2)(4)(W5O21)(OH)(2)(H2O)(2)] and UO2(IO3)(2)(H2O). Cs-6[(UO2)(4)(W5O21)(OH)(2)(H2O)(2)] is the first example of a hydrothermally synthesized uranyl tungstate. It's structure has been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Crystallographic data: tetragonal, space group 14 cm, a = 15.959(2)Angstrom, c = 14.215(l)Angstrom, Z = 4, MoKalpha, lambda = 0.71073 Angstrom, R(F) = 2.84% for 135 parameters with 2300 reflections with 1>2sigma(I). The structure is comprised of twodimensional (2)(infinity)(UO2)(4)(W5O21)(OH)(2)(H2O)(2)]6(-) anionic layers that are separated by Cs+ cations. The coordination polyhedra found in the novel layers consist of UO7 pentagonal bipyramids, WO6 distorted octahedra, and WO5 UO22+, square pyramids. The UO7 polyhedra are formed from the binding of five equatorial oxygen atoms around a central uranyl, 2 unit. Both bridging and terminal oxo ligands are employed in forming the WO5 square pyramidal units, while oxo, hydroxo, and aqua ligands are found in the WO6 distorted octahedra. In the layers, four (UO2)O-5 polyhedra corner share with equatorial oxygen atoms to form a U4O24 tetramer entity with a square site in the center; a tungsten atom populates the center of each of these sites to form a U4WO25 pentamer unit. The pentamer units that result are connected in two dimensions by edge-shared dimers of WO6 octahedra to form the two-dimensional (2)(infinity)[(UO2)(4)(W5O21)(OH)(2)(H2O)2](6-) layers. The lack of inversion symmetry in C-S6[(UO2)(4)(W5O21)OH)(2) (H2O)(2)] can be directly contributed to the WO5 square pyramids found in the pentamer units. In the structure, all of these polar polyhedra align their terminal oxygens in the same orientation, along the c axis, thus resulting in a polar compound. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Auburn Univ, Dept Chem, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. RP Sykora, RE (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, POB 2008,Mail Stop,MS 6375, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM sykorare@ornl.gov NR 42 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 9 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-4596 J9 J SOLID STATE CHEM JI J. Solid State Chem. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 177 IS 10 BP 3729 EP 3734 DI 10.1016/j.jssc.2004.07.028 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 862BV UT WOS:000224465500065 ER PT J AU Rai, D Moore, DA Hess, NJ Rao, L Clark, SB AF Rai, D Moore, DA Hess, NJ Rao, L Clark, SB TI Chromium(III) hydroxide solubility in the aqueous Na+-OH--H2PO4--HPO42--PO43--H2O system: A thermodynamic model SO JOURNAL OF SOLUTION CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE thermodynamics, Cr(OH)(3)(am); solubility; hydrolysis constants; ion-interaction parameters; Cr(Ill)-phosphate complexes; Cr(OH)(3)H2PO4-, Cr(OH)(3)(H2PO4)(2-)(2), Cr(OH)(3)HPO42- ID HYDROLYSIS CONSTANTS; PRODUCT; OXIDES; NAOH AB Chromium(III)-phosphate reactions are expected to be important in managing high-level radioactive wastes stored in tanks at many DOE sites. Extensive studies on the solubility of amorphous Cr(III) solids in a wide range of pH (2.8-14) and phosphate concentrations (10(-4) to 1.0 m) at room temperature (22 +/- 2)degreesC were carried out to obtain reliable thermodynamic data for important Cr(III)-phosphate reactions. A combination of techniques (XRD, XANES, EXAFS, Raman spectroscopy, total chemical composition, and thermodynamic analyses of solubility data) was used to characterize solid and aqueous species. Contrary to the data recently reported in the literature,((1)) only a limited number of aqueous species [Cr(OH)(3)H2PO4-, Cr(OH)(3)(H2PO4)(2)(2-)), and Cr(OH)(3) HpO(4)(2-)] with up to about four orders of magnitude lower values for the formation constants of these species are required to explain Cr(III)-phosphate reactions in a wide range of pH and phosphate concentrations. The log Kdegrees values of reactions involving these species [Cr(OH)(3)(aq) + H2PO4- double left right arrow Cr(OH)(3)H2PO4-; Cr(OH)(3)(aq) + 2H(2)PO(4)(-) double left right arrow Cr(OH)(3)(H2PO4)(2)(2-); Cr(OH)(3)(aq) + HpO(4)(2-) double left right arrow Cr(OH)(3)HpO(4)(2-)] were found to be 2.78 +/- 0.3, 3.48 +/- 0.3, and 1.97 +/- 0.3, respectively. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. Washington State Univ, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Rai, D (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM dhan.rai@pnl.gov NR 22 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 5 U2 15 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0095-9782 J9 J SOLUTION CHEM JI J. Solut. Chem. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 33 IS 10 BP 1213 EP 1242 DI 10.1007/s10953-004-7137-z PG 30 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 885DK UT WOS:000226137100003 ER PT J AU Sanishvili, R Wu, R Kim, DE Watson, JD Collart, F Joachimiak, A AF Sanishvili, R Wu, R Kim, DE Watson, JD Collart, F Joachimiak, A TI Crystal structure of Bacillus subtilis YckF: structural and functional evolution SO JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE protein structure initiative; crystal structure; MAD phasing; oligomerization; tetramer; putative active site; catalytic Glu-152; evolutionary pathway; gene hybridization; diminished physiological role ID GROWN PSEUDOMONAS METHANICA; GLUCOSAMINE-6-PHOSPHATE SYNTHASE; X-RAY; MICROBIAL GROWTH; HIGH-THROUGHPUT; C1 COMPOUNDS; ISOMERASE; PROTEIN; 6-PHOSPHATE; REFINEMENT AB The crystal structure of the YckF protein from Bacillus subtilis was determined with MAD phasing and refined at 1.95 Angstrom resolution. YckF forms a tight tetramer both in crystals and in solution. Conservation of such oligomerization in other phosphate sugar isomerases indicates that the crystallographically observed tetramer is physiologically relevant. The structure of YckF was compared to with its ortholog from Methanococcus jannaschii, MJ1247. Both of these proteins have phosphate hexulose isomerase activity, although neither of the organisms can utilize methane or methanol as source of energy and/or carbon. Extensive sequence and structural similarities with MJ1247 and with the isomerase domain of glucosamine-6-phosphate synthase from Escherichia coli allowed us to group residues contributing to substrate binding or catalysis. Few notable differences among these structures suggest possible cooperativity of the four active sites of the tetramer. Phylogenetic relationships between obligatory and facultative methylotrophs along with B. subtilis and E. coli provide clues about the possible evolution of genes as they loose their physiological importance. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Struct Biol Ctr, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Midwest Ctr Struct Genom, Biosci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EMBL, European Bioinformat Inst, Cambridge CB10 1SD, England. RP Joachimiak, A (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Struct Biol Ctr, 9700 S Cass Ave,Bldg 202, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM andrzejj@anl.gov OI Collart, Frank/0000-0001-6942-4483 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [P50 GM062414-02, GM 62414, P50 GM062414] NR 38 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1047-8477 J9 J STRUCT BIOL JI J. Struct. Biol. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 148 IS 1 BP 98 EP 109 DI 10.1016/j.jsb.2004.04.006 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA 856SM UT WOS:000224065100008 PM 15363790 ER PT J AU Clem, JR AF Clem, JR TI Pancake vortices SO JOURNAL OF SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Review DE pancake vortices; layered superconductors; high-temperature superconductors; films; forces; Josephson coupling ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS; COUPLED LAYERED SUPERCONDUCTORS; HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTORS; BI2SR2CACU2O8+DELTA SINGLE-CRYSTALS; LATTICE-MELTING TRANSITION; LOWER CRITICAL-FIELD; LOCK-IN TRANSITION; VORTEX-LATTICE; II SUPERCONDUCTORS; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES AB I describe the magnetic-field and current-density distributions generated by two-dimensional (2D) pancake vortices in infinite, semi-infinite, and finite-thickness stacks of Josephson-decoupled superconducting layers. Arrays of such vortices have been used to model the magnetic structure in highly anisotropic layered cuprate high-temperature superconductors. I show how the electromagnetic forces between pancake vortices can be calculatated, and I briefly discuss the effects of interlayer Josephson coupling. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Clem, JR (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 102 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 7 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0896-1107 J9 J SUPERCOND JI J. Supercond. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 17 IS 5 BP 613 EP 629 DI 10.1007/s10948-004-0774-z PG 17 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 883TM UT WOS:000226038600009 ER PT J AU Kresin, VZ Wolf, SA Ovchinnikov, YN AF Kresin, VZ Wolf, SA Ovchinnikov, YN TI "Pseudogap" state of novel superconductors: Energy scales and structural and diamagnetic transitions SO JOURNAL OF SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article DE inhomogeneity; diamagnetism; characteristic temperatures ID ELECTRONIC SPECIFIC-HEAT; T-C SUPERCONDUCTORS; UNDERDOPED BI2SR2CACU2O8+DELTA; YBA2CU3O6+X; RESONANCE; BEHAVIOR AB High T-c cuprates are characterized by three characteristic energy scales: T-c, T-c*, and T*. The lowest scale, T-c, corresponds to the usual transition to the dissipationless state (R = 0) with a macroscopic phase coherence. The higher energy scale, T-c*, describes the diamagnetic transition. The region T-c* > T> T-c is characterized by the presence of superconducting regions embedded in a normal metallic matrix. The highest energy scale (T*) corresponds to the formation of the structure, phase separation, and to the opening of the CDW gap. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Virginia, Dept Mat Sci, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. LD Landau Theoret Phys Inst, Moscow 117332, Russia. RP Kresin, VZ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Wolf, Stuart/A-7513-2009 NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0896-1107 J9 J SUPERCOND JI J. Supercond. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 17 IS 5 BP 669 EP 672 DI 10.1007/s10948-004-0779-7 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 883TM UT WOS:000226038600014 ER PT J AU Kogan, S Kaduchak, G Sinha, DN AF Kogan, S Kaduchak, G Sinha, DN TI Acoustic concentration of particles in piezoelectric tubes: Theoretical modeling of the effect of cavity shape and symmetry breaking SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID HEAT-CONDUCTING FLUID; SPHERICAL-PARTICLE; RADIATION FORCE; RIGID SPHERE AB A new class of simple, highly efficient, cylindrical acoustic concentration devices has been developed based upon cylindrical (or near cylindrical) geometries [Kaduchak et al., Rev. Sci. Instrum. 73, 1332-1336 (2002)] for aerosol concentration applications. The concentrators are constructed from single PZT tubes driven at or near the breathing mode resonance. Acoustic concentration of aerosols is performed within the tube cavity. It has been found that slight modifications to the cylindrical cavity geometry can significantly increase the collection efficiency and assist in precise particle positioning. This paper analyzes the theoretical framework for the acoustic concentration of particles in these devices for various geometrical perturbations. The cavity geometries studied are (1) hollow cylindrical piezoelectric tube, (2) hollow piezoelectric tube with an inner concentric solid cylinder insert, (3) a hollow piezoelectric tube with a concentric elliptic insert which breaks the circular-cylindrical symmetry, and (4) a hollow elliptic cylindrical piezoelectric tube. It is shown that breaking the circular symmetry within the cavity localizes the particles in small spatial regions within the cavity. This localization of particles may be very useful in applications requiring aerosol collection or particle stream positioning. (C) 2004 Acoustical Society of America. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Kogan, S (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS D429, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM kaduchak@lanl.gov OI Sinha, Dipen/0000-0002-3606-7907 NR 15 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 12 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 116 IS 4 BP 1967 EP 1974 DI 10.1121/1.1785613 PN 1 PG 8 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 864TK UT WOS:000224655600013 ER PT J AU Blackman, DK Groot-Hedlin, CC Harben, P Sauter, A Orcutt, JA AF Blackman, DK Groot-Hedlin, CC Harben, P Sauter, A Orcutt, JA TI Testing low/very low frequency acoustic sources for basin-wide propagation in the Indian Ocean SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID SEA-FLOOR; SCATTERING AB Low/very low frequency acoustic signals were transmitted to distant receivers in the Indian Ocean. The aim was to test methods for characterizing the hydroacoustic capability of the International Monitoring System (IMS) that discriminates for nuclear tests in the region. Several acoustic sources were deployed between Seychelles and Fremantle, Australia, and the IMS receivers comprised a network of hydrophones off Diego Garcia and Australia. Two of the three acoustic sources tested produced basin-scale propagation of impulsive signals. Single glass spheres imploded within the sound channel produced a clear signal at frequencies above similar to40 Hz, at ranges of hundreds to a thousand kilometers. Five-sphere glass implosions were recorded at ranges up to 4400 km. Near-sea surface shots from a large airgun array were recorded in several cases at ranges of hundreds to thousands of kilometers, the frequency of the highest signal-to-noise ratio arrivals varied within the 5-100 Hz band. High background noise level was a key factor at IMS stations that did not detect the airgun signals in the 5-15 Hz band. In a few cases, details of bathymetric features that are not well represented in the digital elevation model contributed to unexpected variation in relative signal levels between IMS stations. (C) 2004 Acoustical Society of America. C1 Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Blackman, DK (reprint author), Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM dblackman@ucsd.edu NR 19 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 116 IS 4 BP 2057 EP 2066 DI 10.1121/1.1786711 PN 1 PG 10 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 864TK UT WOS:000224655600022 ER PT J AU Lehman, SK Norton, SJ AF Lehman, SK Norton, SJ TI Radial reflection diffraction tomography SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID INVERSE SCATTERING; PROPAGATION; MEDIA AB A wave-based tomographic imaging algorithm based upon a single rotating radially outward oriented transducer is developed. At successive angular locations at a fixed radius, the transducer launches a primary field and collects the backscattered field in a "pitch/catch" operation. The hardware configuration, operating mode, and data collection method are identical to that of most medical intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) systems. IVUS systems form images of the medium surrounding the probe based upon ultrasonic B scans, using a straight-ray model of sound propagation. The goal of this research is to develop a wave-based imaging algorithm using diffraction tomography techniques. Given the hardware configuration and the imaging method, this system is referred to as "radial reflection diffraction tomography." Two hardware configurations are considered: a multimonostatic mode using a single transducer as described above, and a multistatic mode consisting of a single transmitter and an aperture formed by multiple receivers. In this latter case, the entire source/receiver aperture rotates about the fixed radius. Practically, such a probe is mounted at the end of a catheter or snaking tube that can be inserted into a part or medium with the goal of forming images of the plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation. An analytic expression for the multimonostatic inverse is derived, but ultimately the new Hilbert space inverse wave (HSIW) algorithm is used to construct images using both operating modes. Applications include improved IVUS imaging, bore hole tomography, and nondestructive evaluation (NDE) of parts with existing access holes. (C) 2004 Acoustical Society of America. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94566 USA. Geophex Ltd, Raleigh, NC 27603 USA. RP Lehman, SK (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, L-154,7000 E Ave, Livermore, CA 94566 USA. EM lehman2@llnl.gov NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 116 IS 4 BP 2158 EP 2172 DI 10.1121/1.1785651 PN 1 PG 15 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 864TK UT WOS:000224655600032 ER PT J AU Salto, HH Calloway, TB Ferrara, DM Choi, AS White, TL AF Salto, HH Calloway, TB Ferrara, DM Choi, AS White, TL TI Regulatory off-gas analysis from the evaporation of hanford simulated waste spiked with organic compounds SO JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID WATER AB After strontium/transuranics removal by precipitation followed by cesium/technetium removal by ion exchange, the remaining low-activity waste in the Hanford River Protection Project Waste Treatment Plant is to be concentrated by evaporation before being mixed with glass formers and vitrified. To provide a technical basis to permit the waste treatment facility, a relatively organic-rich Hanford Tank 241-AN-107 waste simulant was spiked with 14 target volatile, semi-volatile, and pesticide compounds and evaporated under vacuum in a bench-scale natural circulation evaporator fitted with an industrial stack off-gas sampler at the Savannah River National Laboratory. An evaporator material balance for the target organics was calculated by combining liquid stream mass and analytical data with off-gas emissions estimates obtained using U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) SW-846 Methods. Volatile and light semi-volatile organic compounds <220 degreesC BP, >1 min Hg vapor pressure) in the waste simulant were found to largely exit through the condenser vent, while heavier semi-volatiles and pesticides generally remain in the evaporator concentrate. An OLI Environmental Simulation Program (licensed by OLI Systems, Inc.) evaporator model successfully predicted operating conditions and the experimental distribution of the fed target organics exiting in the concentrate, condensate, and off-gas streams, with the exception of a few semi-volatile and pesticide compounds. Comparison with Henry's Law predictions suggests the OLI Environmental Simulation Program model is constrained by available literature data. C1 Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC USA. BWX Technol Inc, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Salto, HH (reprint author), Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC USA. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 5 PU AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOC PI PITTSBURGH PA ONE GATEWAY CENTER, THIRD FL, PITTSBURGH, PA 15222 USA SN 1047-3289 J9 J AIR WASTE MANAGE JI J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 54 IS 10 BP 1242 EP 1253 PG 12 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 859SP UT WOS:000224288500003 ER PT J AU Tang, KQ Page, JS Smith, RD AF Tang, KQ Page, JS Smith, RD TI Charge competition and the linear dynamic range of detection in electrospray ionization mass spectrometry SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article ID ELECTRODYNAMIC ION FUNNEL; CONE-JET MODE; SENSITIVITY; MS; NANOELECTROSPRAY; TRANSMISSION; SEPARATIONS; GENERATION; PRINCIPLES; INTERFACE AB An experimental investigation and theoretical analysis are reported on charge competition in electrospray ionization (ESI) and its effects on the linear dynamic range of ESI mass spectrometric (MS) measurements. The experiments confirmed the expected increase of MS sensitivities as the ESI flow rate decreases. However, different compounds show somewhat different mass spectral peak intensities even at the lowest flow rates, at the same concentration and electrospray operating conditions. MS response for each compound solution shows good linearity at lower concentrations and levels off at high concentration, consistent with analyte "saturation" in the ESI process. The extent of charge competition leading to saturation in the ESI process is consistent with the relative magnitude of excess charge in the electrospray compared to the total number of analyte molecules in the solution. This ESI capacity model allows one to predict the sample concentration limits for charge competition and the on-set of ionization suppression effects, as well as the linear dynamic range for ESI-MS. The implications for quantitative MS analysis and possibilities for effectively extending the dynamic range of ESI measurements are discussed. (C) 2004 American Society for Mass Spectrometry. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA USA. RP Smith, RD (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, MSIN K8-98,POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM rds@pnl.gov RI Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012 OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349 FU NCRR NIH HHS [P41 RR018522, RR18522] NR 29 TC 137 Z9 138 U1 3 U2 31 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1044-0305 J9 J AM SOC MASS SPECTR JI J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 15 IS 10 BP 1416 EP 1423 DI 10.1016/j.jasms.2004.04.034 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA 860QP UT WOS:000224358400006 PM 15465354 ER PT J AU Shvartsburg, AA Tang, KQ Smith, RD AF Shvartsburg, AA Tang, KQ Smith, RD TI Modeling the resolution and sensitivity of FAIMS analyses SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article ID ION MOBILITY SPECTROMETRY; PROTEIN IDENTIFICATION TECHNOLOGY; PER-TRILLION LEVELS; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ELECTROSPRAY-IONIZATION; ATMOSPHERIC-PRESSURE; GAS-MIXTURES; DIFFUSION-COEFFICIENTS; COMPOSITION DEPENDENCE; UBIQUITIN CONFORMERS AB Field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry (FAIMS) is rapidly gaining acceptance as a robust, versatile tool for post-ionization separations prior to mass-spectrometric analyses. The separation is based on differences between ion mobilities at high and low electric fields, and proceeds at atmospheric pressure. Two major advantages of FAIMS over condensed-phase separations are its high speed and an ion focusing effect that often improves sensitivity. While selected aspects of FAIMS performance are understood empirically, no physical model rationalizing the resolving power and sensitivity of the method and revealing their dependence on instrumental variables has existed. Here we present a first-principles computational treatment capable of simulating the FAIMS analyzer for virtually any geometry (including the known cylindrical and planar designs) and arbitrary operational parameters. The approach involves propagating an ensemble of ion trajectories through the device in real time under the influence of applied asymmetric potential, diffusional motion incorporating the high-field and anisotropic phenomena, and mutual Coulomb repulsion of ionic charges. Calculations for both resolution and sensitivity are validated by excellent agreement with measurements in different FAIMS modes for ions representing diverse types and analyte classes. (C) 2004 American Society for Mass Spectrometry. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Biol Syst Anal & Mass Spect, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Smith, RD (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Biol Syst Anal & Mass Spect, Environm Mol Sci Lab, 3335 Q Ave K8-98,POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012 OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349 FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR18522] NR 63 TC 58 Z9 62 U1 1 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1044-0305 J9 J AM SOC MASS SPECTR JI J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 15 IS 10 BP 1487 EP 1498 DI 10.1016/j.jasms.2004.06.018 PG 12 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical; Spectroscopy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA 860QP UT WOS:000224358400014 PM 15465362 ER PT J AU Hetrick, DM Sjoreen, AL AF Hetrick, DM Sjoreen, AL TI Validation of a hydrologic model for transport of chemicals in rivers SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE modeling; hydraulics; software; surface water hydrology; chemical transport; sedimentation; water quality ID RHINE RIVER AB Hydrologic Transport Assessment System (HYTRAS) is a software package that models contaminant transport in rivers and streams, including volatilization, adsorption/desorption, sedimentation, settling, and resuspension. Biodegradation, photolysis, and any other process that can be modeled using a first-order decay constant can be included as well. HYTRAS originally modeled the transport of radionuclides and has recently been expanded to include transport of chemicals. The transport of chemicals has been validated using data from an accidental release of the chemicals disulfoton and thiometon into the Rhine River in 1986. For these chemicals, sorption is not an important process. For the range of measured flow velocities, HYTRAS was found to bound the peak arrival times. For the range of measured degradation rates, HYTRAS was found to bound the peak concentrations within 400 km of the source and bound the peak concentrations within a factor of two out to 700 km. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Engn Dept, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Hetrick, DM (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Engn Dept, Bldg 6011,MS-6418, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM sjoreenal@ornl.gov NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER WATER RESOURCES ASSOC PI MIDDLEBURG PA 4 WEST FEDERAL ST, PO BOX 1626, MIDDLEBURG, VA 20118-1626 USA SN 1093-474X J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 40 IS 5 BP 1129 EP 1140 DI 10.1111/j.1752-1688.2004.tb01574.x PG 12 WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 865SA UT WOS:000224721900001 ER PT J AU Gates, WL AF Gates, WL TI Derivation of the equations of atmospheric motion in oblate spheroidal coordinates SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article AB Since Earth is more nearly an oblate spheroid than a sphere, it is of at least theoretical interest to develop the atmospheric equations of motion in spheroidal coordinates. In this system the horizontal unit vectors are oriented eastward and northward along the surfaces of ellipsoids, while the orthogonal unit vector is oriented vertically along the surfaces of intersecting confocal hyperboloids. Using the theory of orthogonal curvilinear coordinates, the spheroidal equations of relative atmospheric motion are derived from the vector equation of absolute motion. With the exception of two terms in the meridional and vertical equations of motion that are unique to the spheroidal system, all of the metric and rotational terms in the spheroidal system correspond to those found in the familiar spherical formulation, but now have coefficients that are functions of both the spheroidal latitude and elevation. The unique spheroidal terms arise from the resolution of the difference between the directions of apparent gravity and Newtonian gravitation, which is neglected in the spherical formulation. The complete spheroidal equations conserve both absolute angular momentum and total kinetic energy, and in the limit as Earth's focal distance or eccentricity approaches zero, reduce to the familiar spherical equations in both the general and hydrostatic cases. The differences between solutions of the spheroidal and spherical equations are not expected to be significant in most applications, although there is the possibility of the accumulation of systematic differences in long-term integrations. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Gates, WL (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Mail Stop L-103,POB 808, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM gates5@llnl.gov NR 5 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0022-4928 J9 J ATMOS SCI JI J. Atmos. Sci. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 61 IS 20 BP 2478 EP 2487 DI 10.1175/1520-0469(2004)061<2478:DOTEOA>2.0.CO;2 PG 10 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 863UF UT WOS:000224588100006 ER PT J AU Chen, ST Chen, EP Chao, CK AF Chen, ST Chen, EP Chao, CK TI Preface SO JOURNAL OF THE CHINESE INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Natl Taiwan Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Mech Engn, Taipei 106, Taiwan. Sandia Natl Labs, Sci Based Mat Modeling Dept, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Chen, ST (reprint author), Natl Taiwan Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Mech Engn, Taipei 106, Taiwan. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU CHINESE INST ENGINEERS PI TAIPEI PA #1, 4TH FL, SEC 2, JEN-AI RD, TAIPEI 10019, TAIWAN SN 0253-3839 J9 J CHIN INST ENG JI J. Chin. Inst. Eng. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 27 IS 6 BP I EP I PG 1 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering GA 865NB UT WOS:000224708700001 ER PT J AU Kimmer, CJ Zimmerman, JA Klein, PA Chen, EP AF Kimmer, CJ Zimmerman, JA Klein, PA Chen, EP TI Molecular dynamics investigation of the effect of the interatomic potential on steady-state crack propagation SO JOURNAL OF THE CHINESE INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERS LA English DT Article DE molecular dynamics; crack propagation; dynamic fracture ID BRITTLE-FRACTURE; SCALE AB We present molecular dynamics simulations examining the effect of the interatomic potential on steady-state mode I crack propagation in a two-dimensional triangular lattice as a function of applied strain. The interatomic potential is the Morse potential whose failure strain exhibits linear variation with its exponential parameter. The limiting crack speed is defined to be the steady-state crack velocity observed at the onset of instability in steady-state crack propagation leading to dislocation nucleation or crack branching. For all systems studied, the limiting crack speed is observed to be less than one third the Rayleigh wave speed. The fastest crack propagation in these ideal systems is associated with a material's long-wavelength elastic properties being dominated by the strength of the nearest-neighbor bond. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Chen, EP (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM epchen@sandia.gov RI Zimmerman, Jonathan/A-8019-2012 NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU CHINESE INST ENGINEERS PI TAIPEI PA #1, 4TH FL, SEC 2, JEN-AI RD, TAIPEI 10019, TAIWAN SN 0253-3839 J9 J CHIN INST ENG JI J. Chin. Inst. Eng. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 27 IS 6 BP 883 EP 887 PG 5 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering GA 865NB UT WOS:000224708700017 ER PT J AU Heebner, JE Chak, P Pereira, S Sipe, JE Boyd, RW AF Heebner, JE Chak, P Pereira, S Sipe, JE Boyd, RW TI Distributed and localized feedback in microresonator sequences for linear and nonlinear optics SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID COUPLED MICRORING RESONATORS; FUSED-SILICA MICROSPHERES; CRYSTAL WAVE-GUIDES; ALL-PASS FILTERS; WHISPERING-GALLERY; RING-RESONATOR; MICRODISK RESONATORS; PHOTONIC CRYSTALS; PHASE RESPONSE; GAP SOLITONS AB Sequences of optical microresonators can be used to construct densely integrated structures that display slow group velocity, ultrahigh or low dispersion of controllable sign, enhanced self-phase modulation, and nonlinear optical switching. We consider four archetypal geometries consisting of effectively one-dimensional sequences of coupled microresonators. Two of these cases exhibit distributed feedback such as is found in a traditional multilayered structure supporting photonic bandgaps. The other two exhibit localized feedback and resonant enhancement but are free from photonic bandgaps. All of these structures offer unique properties useful for controlling the propagation of light pulses on a chip. (C) 2004 Optical Society of America. C1 Univ Rochester, Inst Opt, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. Univ Karlsruhe, Inst Theorie Kondensierten Mat, Karlsruhe, Germany. RP Heebner, JE (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, L-464,7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Heebner, John/C-2411-2009 NR 71 TC 97 Z9 99 U1 1 U2 9 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0740-3224 J9 J OPT SOC AM B JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 21 IS 10 BP 1818 EP 1832 DI 10.1364/JOSAB.21.001818 PG 15 WC Optics SC Optics GA 859ZI UT WOS:000224306500014 ER PT J AU Di Mascio, M Markowitz, M Louie, M Hurley, A Hogan, C Simon, V Follmann, D Ho, DD Perelson, AS AF Di Mascio, M Markowitz, M Louie, M Hurley, A Hogan, C Simon, V Follmann, D Ho, DD Perelson, AS TI Dynamics of intermittent viremia during highly active antiretroviral therapy in patients who initiate therapy during chronic versus acute and early human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID RESIDUAL VIRAL REPLICATION; ACUTE HIV-1 INFECTION; IN-VIVO; COMBINATION THERAPY; ANTIVIRAL THERAPY; LATENT RESERVOIR; PLASMA; RNA; DECAY; CELL AB The meaning of viral blips in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected patients treated with seemingly effective highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is still controversial and under investigation. Blips might represent low-level ongoing viral replication in the presence of drug or simply release of virions from the latent reservoir. Patients treated early during HIV-1 infection are more likely to have a lower total body viral burden, a homogenous viral population, and preserved HIV-1-specific immune responses. Consequently, viral blips may be less frequent in them than in patients treated during chronic infection. To test this hypothesis, we compared the occurrence of viral blips in 76 acutely infected patients (primary HIV infection [PHI] group) who started therapy within 6 months of the onset of symptoms with that in 47 patients who started HAART therapy during chronic infection (chronic HIV infection [CHI] group). Viral blip frequency was approximately twofold higher in CHI patients (0.122 +/- 0.12/viral load [VL] sample, mean standard deviation) than in PHI patients (0.066 +/- 0.09/VL sample). However, in both groups, viral blip frequency did not increase with longer periods of observation. Also, no difference in viral blip frequency was observed between treatment subgroups, and the occurrence of a blip was not associated with a recent change in CD4(+) T-cell count. Finally, in PHI patients the VL set point was a significant predictor of blip frequency during treatment. C1 NIAID, Biostat Res Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM USA. Rockefeller Univ, Aaron Diamond AIDS Res Ctr, New York, NY 10021 USA. RP Di Mascio, M (reprint author), NIAID, Biostat Res Branch, NIH, MS 7609,6700B Rockledge Dr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM mdimascio@niaid.nih.gov FU NCRR NIH HHS [M01-RR00102, R01 RR006555, RR06555, M01 RR000102]; NIAID NIH HHS [AI28433, R01 AI047033, R37 AI028433, U01 AI041534, R01 AI028433, AI47033, AI41534] NR 39 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 78 IS 19 BP 10566 EP 10573 DI 10.1128/JVI.78.19.10566-10573.2004 PG 8 WC Virology SC Virology GA 855HP UT WOS:000223964300038 PM 15367623 ER PT J AU Varnum, SM Streblow, DN Monroe, ME Smith, P Auberry, KJ Pasa-Tolic, L Wang, D Camp, DG Rodland, K Wiley, S Britt, W Shenk, T Smith, RD Nelson, JA AF Varnum, SM Streblow, DN Monroe, ME Smith, P Auberry, KJ Pasa-Tolic, L Wang, D Camp, DG Rodland, K Wiley, S Britt, W Shenk, T Smith, RD Nelson, JA TI Identification of proteins in human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) particles: the HCMV proteome SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID MASS-SPECTROMETRY; INTRAVIRAL LOCALIZATION; ENVELOPE COMPLEX; GLYCOPROTEIN-H; GENE-PRODUCT; VIRUS; GENOME; VIRION; PHOSPHOPROTEIN; COMPONENTS AB Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), a member of the herpesvirus family, is a large complex enveloped virus composed of both viral and cellular gene products. While the sequence of the HCMV genome has been known for over a decade, the full set of viral and cellular proteins that compose the HCMV virion are unknown. To approach this problem we have utilized gel-free two-dimensional capillary liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) and Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance MS to identify and determine the relative abundances of viral and cellular proteins in purified HCMV AD169 virions and dense bodies. Analysis of the proteins from purified HCMV virion preparations has indicated that the particle contains significantly more viral proteins than previously known. In this study, we identified 71 HCMV-encoded proteins that included 12 proteins encoded by known viral open reading frames (ORFs) previously not associated with virions and 12 proteins from novel viral ORFs. Analysis of the relative abundance of HCMV proteins indicated that the predominant virion protein was the pp65 tegument protein and that gM rather than gB was the most abundant glycoprotein. We have also identified over 70 host cellular proteins in HCMV virions, which include cellular structural proteins, enzymes, and chaperones. In addition, analysis of HCMV dense bodies indicated that these viral particles are composed of 29 viral proteins with a reduced quantity of cellular proteins in comparison to HCMV virions. This study provides the first comprehensive quantitative analysis of the viral and cellular proteins that compose infectious particles of a large complex virus. C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Mol Microbiol & Immunol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA USA. Vaccine Gene Therapy Inst, Portland, OR USA. Princeton Univ, Dept Mol Biol, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Univ Alabama, Dept Pediat, Birmingham, AL USA. RP Streblow, DN (reprint author), Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Mol Microbiol & Immunol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. EM streblow@ohsu.edu RI Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012; OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349; Wiley, Steven/0000-0003-0232-6867; Wang, Dai/0000-0001-5666-8622 FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR 18522, P41 RR018522]; NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI021640, AI 21640] NR 43 TC 338 Z9 405 U1 2 U2 28 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 78 IS 20 BP 10960 EP 10966 DI 10.1128/JVI.78.20.10960-10966.2004 PG 7 WC Virology SC Virology GA 858YO UT WOS:000224229000013 PM 15452216 ER PT J AU Davenport, MP Ribeiro, RM Chao, DL Perelson, AS AF Davenport, MP Ribeiro, RM Chao, DL Perelson, AS TI Predicting the impact of a nonsterilizing vaccine against human immunodeficiency virus SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID CYTOTOXIC T-LYMPHOCYTES; ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; HIV-1 INFECTION; SEXUAL-BEHAVIOR; UNITED-STATES; DISEASE PROGRESSION; HOMOSEXUAL-MEN; RISK BEHAVIORS; RHESUS-MONKEYS; SAN-FRANCISCO AB Studies of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) vaccines in animal models suggest that it is difficult to induce complete protection from infection (sterilizing immunity) but that it is possible to reduce the viral load and to slow or prevent disease progression following infection. We have developed an age-structured epidemiological model of the effects of a disease-modifying HIV vaccine that incorporates the intrahost dynamics of infection, a transmission rate and host mortality that depend on the viral load, the possible evolution and transmission of vaccine escape mutant viruses, a finite duration of vaccine protection, and possible changes in sexual behavior. Using this model, we investigated the long-term outcome of a disease-modifying vaccine and utilized uncertainty analysis to quantify the effects of our lack of precise knowledge of various parameters. Our results suggest that the extent of viral load reduction in vaccinated infected individuals (compared to unvaccinated individuals) is the key predictor of vaccine efficacy. Reductions in viral load of about 1 log(10) copies ml(-1) would be sufficient to significantly reduce HIV-associated mortality in the first 20 years after the introduction of vaccination. Changes in sexual risk behavior also had a strong impact on the epidemic outcome. The impact of vaccination is dependent on the population in which it is used, with disease-modifying vaccines predicted to have the most impact in areas of low prevalence and rapid epidemic growth. Surprisingly, the extent to which vaccination alters disease progression, the rate of generation of escape mutants, and the transmission of escape mutants are predicted to have only a weak impact on the epidemic outcome over the first 25 years after the introduction of a vaccine. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Biol & Biophys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ New S Wales, Prince Wales Hosp, Dept Haematol, Kensington, NSW 2033, Australia. Univ New S Wales, Ctr Vasc Res, Kensington, NSW 2033, Australia. Univ New Mexico, Dept Comp Sci, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Perelson, AS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Biol & Biophys Grp, MS-K710,T-10, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM asp@lanl.gov RI Barley, Kamal/F-9579-2011; OI Barley, Kamal/0000-0003-1874-9813; Chao, Dennis/0000-0002-8253-6321 FU NCRR NIH HHS [R01 RR 06555, R01 RR006555]; NIAID NIH HHS [R37 AI 28433, R37 AI028433] NR 57 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 78 IS 20 BP 11340 EP 11351 DI 10.1128/JVI.78.20.11340-11351.2004 PG 12 WC Virology SC Virology GA 858YO UT WOS:000224229000052 PM 15452255 ER PT J AU Rittenhouse, TAG Doyle, MC Mank, CR Rothermel, BB Semlitsch, RD AF Rittenhouse, TAG Doyle, MC Mank, CR Rothermel, BB Semlitsch, RD TI Substrate cues influence habitat selection by spotted salamanders SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE behavior; choice test; habitat selection; salamanders; substrate cues ID AMBYSTOMA-MACULATUM; BREEDING MIGRATION; NEWT FIND; AMPHIBIANS; FOREST; POND; TEMPERATURE; ORIENTATION; EMIGRATION; TALPOIDEUM AB Identifying the cues used by spotted salamanders (Ambystoma maculatum) to select forested habitat may provide insight into their habitat requirements and preferences. Environmental factors, such as temperature and moisture, are consistently important factors in explaining the magnitude and timing of annual breeding migrations and are important characteristics of quality terrestrial habitat. These factors, however, may not be used to select terrestrial habitat because microclimate gradients are minimal when salamanders are migrating. To test whether substrates provide cues for habitat selection, we presented juvenile and adult spotted salamanders with a choice between substrates collected from forest or grassland. Further, we presented adults with a choice between litter and a combination of soil and litter collected from forest or grassland. We recorded substrate selection initially and at 3-min intervals for 60 min. Salamanders tended to select the forest substrate more than the grassland substrate in all 4 experiments. Overall, juveniles (88%) selected forest soil more than adults (70%). Adults initially selected forest soil (80%), but the response declined with time. However, when we presented soil and litter in combination, salamanders hid under the litter, and the selection of forest substrate (70%) did not decline with time. The establishment of cues influencing habitat selection provides mechanistic information that may be used to predict habitat selection under scenarios of anthropogenic habitat alteration. Ottr results suggest that substrate characteristics may influence the presence of salamanders within various habitat types. C1 Univ Missouri, Div Biol Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. RP Rittenhouse, TAG (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Div Biol Sci, 105 Tucker Hall, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM tg9aa@mizzou.edu RI Rothermel, Betsie/L-6774-2013; OI Semlitsch, Raymond/0000-0002-7999-5762 NR 30 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 22 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0022-541X J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 68 IS 4 BP 1151 EP 1158 DI 10.2193/0022-541X(2004)068[1151:SCIHSB]2.0.CO;2 PG 8 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA 887RI UT WOS:000226322800041 ER PT J AU Zhong, K Ernst, T AF Zhong, K Ernst, T TI Localized in vivo human H-1 MRS at very short echo times SO MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE brain; magnetic resonance spectroscopy; echo time ID HUMAN BRAIN; H-1-NMR SPECTROSCOPY; PROTON SPECTROSCOPY; WATER-SUPPRESSION; SPECTRA AB A new point-resolved spectroscopy (PRESS) sequence was developed that allows localized human proton MR spectra to be acquired at echo times (TEs) of 10 ms or less. The method was implemented on a 4 Tesla Varian research console and a clinical 3 Tesla Siemens Trio scanner. Human brain spectra acquired in vivo from the prefrontal cortex at TE = 8 ms showed improved signals from coupled resonances (such as glutamate, glutamine, and myo-inositol) compared to spectra acquired at TE = 30 ms. These improvements should result in more accurate quantitation of these metabolites. (C) 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Chinese Acad Sci, Grad Sch, Key Lab Cognit Sci, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Biophys, Key Lab Cognit Sci, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Zhong, K (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Grad Sch, Key Lab Cognit Sci, 15 Datun Rd, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. EM kzhong@cogsci.ibp.ac.cn FU NIDA NIH HHS [R01-DA12734]; NINDS NIH HHS [1R01 NS38834] NR 13 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0740-3194 J9 MAGNET RESON MED JI Magn. Reson. Med. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 52 IS 4 BP 898 EP 901 DI 10.1002/mrm.20201 PG 4 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 859CB UT WOS:000224238600026 PM 15389966 ER PT J AU Kerns, JA Newton, J Berryere, TG Rubin, EM Cheng, JF Schmutz, SM Barsh, GS AF Kerns, JA Newton, J Berryere, TG Rubin, EM Cheng, JF Schmutz, SM Barsh, GS TI Characterization of the dog Agouti gene and a nonagouti mutation in German Shepherd Dogs SO MAMMALIAN GENOME LA English DT Article ID STIMULATING-HORMONE-RECEPTOR; COAT COLOR; DOMESTIC DOG; MELANOCORTIN-1 RECEPTOR; VIABLE ALLELES; DOMINANT BLACK; FEATHER COLOR; NMR STRUCTURE; MSH RECEPTOR; IN-VITRO AB The interaction between two genes, Agouti and Melanocortin-1 receptor (Mc1r), produces diverse pigment patterns in mammals by regulating the type, amount, and distribution pattern of the two pigment types found in mammalian hair: eumelanin (brown/black) and pheomelanin (yellow/red). In domestic dogs (Canis familiaris), there is a tremendous variation in coat color patterns between and within breeds; however, previous studies suggest that the molecular genetics of pigment-type switching in dogs may differ from that of other mammals. Here we report the identification and characterization of the Agouti gene from domestic dogs, predicted to encode a 131-amino-acid secreted protein 98% identical to the fox homolog, and which maps to chromosome CFA24 in a region of conserved linkage. Comparative analysis of the Doberman Pinscher Agouti cDNA, the fox cDNA, and 180 kb of Doberman Pinscher genomic DNA suggests that, as with laboratory mice, different pigment-type-switching patterns in the canine family are controlled by alternative usage of different promoters and untranslated first exons. A small survey of Labrador Retrievers, Greyhounds, Australian Shepherds, and German Shepherd Dogs did not uncover any polymorphisms, but we identified a single nucleotide variant in black German Shepherd Dogs predicted to cause an Arg-to-Cys substitution at codon 96, which is likely to account for recessive inheritance of a uniform black coat. C1 Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Beckman Ctr B271A, Dept Genet, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Pediat, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Univ Saskatchewan, Dept Anim & Poultry Sci, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Genome Sci Dept, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Barsh, GS (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Beckman Ctr B271A, Dept Genet, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM gbarsh@cmgm.stanford.edu NR 51 TC 57 Z9 62 U1 2 U2 19 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0938-8990 J9 MAMM GENOME JI Mamm. Genome PD OCT PY 2004 VL 15 IS 10 BP 798 EP 808 DI 10.1007/s00335-004-23778-1 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 856OH UT WOS:000224054000005 PM 15520882 ER PT J AU Song, Z AF Song, Z TI Improved ammonia production? SO MATERIALS PERFORMANCE LA English DT News Item C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Song, Z (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM songz@bnl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL ASSN CORROSION ENG PI HOUSTON PA 1440 SOUTH CREEK DRIVE, HOUSTON, TX 77084-4906 USA SN 0094-1492 J9 MATER PERFORMANCE JI Mater. Perform. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 43 IS 10 BP 10 EP 11 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA 864GX UT WOS:000224623100006 ER PT J AU Ledbetter, H Ogi, H Nakamura, N AF Ledbetter, H Ogi, H Nakamura, N TI Elastic, anelastic, piezoelectric coefficients of monocrystal lithium niobate SO MECHANICS OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 18th Australasian Conference on the Mechanics of Structures and Materials CY DEC 01-03, 2004 CL Perth, AUSTRALIA DE acoustic spectroscopy; anelastic coefficients; elastic coefficients; interferometry; lithium niobate; monocrystal; piezoelectric coefficients ID ULTRASOUND SPECTROSCOPY; RESONANCE ULTRASOUND; CONSTANTS; CRYSTALS AB Using improved acoustic spectroscopy, we determined the complete above coefficients (16 independent ones) by measuring the macroscopic resonance frequencies of a single lithium-niobate monocrystal. The improvement consisted of using laser-Doppler interferometry for unambiguous vibration-mode identification. Elastic coefficients C(ijkl) agree well with previous reports that used conventional methods. Piezoelectric coefficients e(ijk) agree with the range of four previous reports. Anelastic coefficients Q(ijkl)(-1) reported for the first time, suggest that the crystal's internal friction arises mainly from dislocations, not from intrinsic multiphonon processes. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Engn Sci, Toyonaka, Osaka 5608531, Japan. RP Ledbetter, H (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, E536, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM hledbet@lanl.gov NR 17 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6636 J9 MECH MATER JI Mech. Mater. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 36 IS 10 BP 941 EP 947 DI 10.1016/j.mechmat.2003.08.013 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Materials Science; Mechanics GA 830EE UT WOS:000222103600004 ER PT J AU Teklu, A Ledbetter, H Kim, S Boatner, LA McGuire, M Keppens, V AF Teklu, A Ledbetter, H Kim, S Boatner, LA McGuire, M Keppens, V TI Single-crystal elastic constants of Fe-15Ni-15Cr alloy SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID STAINLESS-STEEL AB Resonant ultrasound spectroscopy (RUS) and pulse-echo (PE) superposition techniques have been used to determine the three independent elastic-stiffness constants C(11), C(12), and C(44) as a function of temperature for single crystals of 70Fe-15Ni-15Cr alloy. The values of the elastic moduli determined using RUS and PE are in very good agreement within the range of uncertainties. This particular ternary composition of Fe, Ni, and Cr undergoes an fcc-bcc structural phase transformation near 190 K resulting in a low-temperature ferromagnetic phase. The Debye characteristic temperature was determined to be 447 K from PE and 451 K from RUS measurements. The Zener elastic anisotropy A = 2C(44)/(C(11)-C(12)) is nearly constant: A = 3.53 +/- 0.16 in Fe-Ni-Cr alloys with similar compositions. For these alloys, only small variations are observed in the Griineisen parameter, gamma approximate to 2.08, and in the Poisson ratio, nu([hkl]) = 0.293 +/- 0.013. C1 Univ Mississippi, Natl Ctr Phys Acoust, University, MS 38677 USA. Univ Mississippi, Dept Phys, University, MS 38677 USA. Coll Charleston, Charleston, SC 29424 USA. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Cornell Univ, Natl Ctr Phys Acoust, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. Cornell Univ, Dept Phys, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. Univ Tennessee, Natl Ctr Phys Acoust, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Teklu, A (reprint author), Univ Mississippi, Natl Ctr Phys Acoust, University, MS 38677 USA. EM teklua@cofc.edu RI McGuire, Michael/B-5453-2009; OI McGuire, Michael/0000-0003-1762-9406; Boatner, Lynn/0000-0002-0235-7594 NR 34 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 13 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 35A IS 10 BP 3149 EP 3154 DI 10.1007/s11661-004-0059-y PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 858NA UT WOS:000224197300010 ER PT J AU Tian, H Liaw, PK Fielden, DE Strizak, JP Mansur, LK AF Tian, H Liaw, PK Fielden, DE Strizak, JP Mansur, LK TI Comparisons of experimental measurements and a theoretical model for specimen self-heating during fatigue of type 316 LN stainless steel SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID HIGH-CYCLE FATIGUE; SPALLATION NEUTRON SOURCE; PRESSURE-VESSEL STEELS; TEMPERATURE EVOLUTION; THERMOGRAPHIC DETECTION; BEHAVIOR; ALLOY; FREQUENCY; MERCURY; SUPERALLOY AB The Type 316 stainless steel is being considered as a candidate target-container material for the spallation neutron source (SNS) being built at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Satisfactory behavior under fatigue loading is a requirement for the target container. Stress-controlled fatigue experiments were performed on the 316 stainless steel at 0.2 and 10 Hz with an R ratio of -1, where R = sigma(min)/sigma(max.); sigma(min.) and sigma(max). are the minimum and maximum applied stresses, respectively. At R = -1, a large specimen-temperature increase at 10 Hz was observed, which approached approximately 350 degreesC at a stress amplitude of 263 MPa, and affected fatigue lives. The specimen temperature at 0.2 Hz was about room temperature. The fatigue lives at 10 Hz were found to be shorter than those at 0.2 Hz. Different specimen temperatures were achieved by varying test frequencies. Significant differences in fatigue lives as a function of test frequency were observed with shorter fatigue lives at higher frequencies. The higher specimen temperature at 10 than at 0.2 Hz reduced the fatigue life at 10 Hz. A model based on the dissipation energy of the specimen during fatigue tests was developed to explain the fatigue-life result and predict the specimen-temperature evolution. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Liaw, PK (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM pliaw@utk.edu NR 34 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 35A IS 10 BP 3334 EP 3339 DI 10.1007/s11661-006-0235-3 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 858NA UT WOS:000224197300028 ER PT J AU Lee, JH Liu, S Miyahara, H Trivedi, R AF Lee, JH Liu, S Miyahara, H Trivedi, R TI Diffusion-coefficient measurements in liquid metallic alloys SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS B-PROCESS METALLURGY AND MATERIALS PROCESSING SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID DIRECTIONAL-SOLIDIFICATION; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION; BINARY ALLOY; CONVECTION; GROWTH; INTERFACE; STABILITY; COMPOSITES; FRONT; MELT AB The value of the diffusion coefficient in the liquid (D-l) is generally obtained from the measurement of composition profiles ahead of a quenched planar interface. The experimental results show significant scatter. The main reason for this scatter will be shown to be due to the presence of fluid flow in the liquid. Directional-solidification studies in the Al-Cu system have been carried out to first establish the experimental conditions required for diffusive growth. The composition profiles are then measured to obtain the values of D-l for alloy compositions ranging from 4.0 to 24.0 wt pct Cu. The value of D-l = 2.4 X 10(-3) mm(2)/s was obtained along the liquidus line, and this result is significantly smaller than the values reported in the literature, which vary from 3.0 to 5.5 X 10(-3) mm(2)/s. It is shown that the scatter in the reported values can be correlated with the diameter of the sample used and, thus, with the fluid flow present in their experiments. Detailed experimental procedures to obtain and verify diffusive-growth conditions are outlined, and appropriate analyses of the data are discussed. C1 Changwon Univ, Dept Met & Mat Sci, Chang Won 641773, South Korea. US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Kyushu Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Fukuoka 812, Japan. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Trivedi, R (reprint author), Changwon Univ, Dept Met & Mat Sci, Chang Won 641773, South Korea. EM trivedi@ameslab.gov NR 35 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 17 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 1073-5615 J9 METALL MATER TRANS B JI Metall. Mater. Trans. B-Proc. Metall. Mater. Proc. Sci. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 35 IS 5 BP 909 EP 917 DI 10.1007/s11663-004-0085-6 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 858ND UT WOS:000224197600011 ER PT J AU Revelle, DO Brown, PG Spurny, P AF Revelle, DO Brown, PG Spurny, P TI Entry dynamics and acoustics/infrasonic/seismic analysis for the Neuschwanstein meteorite fall SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID RECORDS; BOLIDE; ATMOSPHERE; WAVES; FRAGMENTATION; INFRASOUND; ORBIT; MODEL AB We have analyzed several types of data associated with the well-documented fall of the Neuschwanstein meteorites on April 6, 2002 (a total of three meteorites have been recovered). This includes ground-based photographic and radiometer data as well as infrasound and seismic data from this very significant bolide event (Spurns et al. 2002, 2003). We have also used these data to model the entry of Neuschwanstein, including the expected dynamics, energetics, panchromatic luminosity, and associated fragmentation effects. In addition, we have calculated the differential efficiency of acoustical waves for Neuschwanstein and used these values to compare against the efficiency calculated using available ground-based infrasound data. This new numerical technique has allowed the source height to be determined independent of ray tracing solutions. We have also carried out theoretical ray tracing for a moving point source (not strictly a cylindrical line emission) and for an infinite speed line source. In addition, we have determined the ray turning heights as a function of the source height for both initially upward and downward propagating rays, independent of the explicit ray tracing (detailed propagation path) programs. These results all agree on the origins of the acoustic emission and explicit source heights for Neuschwanstein for the strongest infrasonic signals. Calculated source energies using more than four different independent approaches agree that Neuschwanstein was certainly <500 kg in initial mass, given the initial velocity of 20.95 km/s, resulting in an initial source energy less than or equal to 0.0157-0.0276 kt TNT equivalent (4.185 x 10(12) J). Local source energies at the calculated infrasonic/seismic source altitudes are up to two orders of magnitude smaller than this initial source energy. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Western Ontario, Canada Res Chair Meteor Sci, Dept Phys & Astron, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada. Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Astron, Ondrejov Observ, CS-25165 Ondrejov, Czech Republic. RP Revelle, DO (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663,MS D401, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM revelle@lanl.gov RI Spurny, Pavel/G-9044-2014 NR 29 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1086-9379 EI 1945-5100 J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 39 IS 10 BP 1605 EP 1626 PG 22 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 867ON UT WOS:000224852000002 ER PT J AU Lee, ER Halyo, V Lee, IT Perl, ML AF Lee, ER Halyo, V Lee, IT Perl, ML TI Automated electric charge measurements of fluid microdrops using the Millikan method SO METROLOGIA LA English DT Article ID QUARK SEARCH EXPERIMENTS; ELEMENTARY-PARTICLES; FRACTIONAL CHARGES; MATTER; SAMPLES; MERCURY AB Automated measurements of the electric charge of fluid microdrops precise to up to 0.016 of an electron charge have been made using machine-vision systems to observe the motion of fluid microdrops in air under the influence of an oscillating electric field. The fluid drop diameters have ranged from 7 mum to 25 mum with smaller diameter drops being measured to higher precision. The experimental runs performed for the purpose of attempting to find isolated fractionally electrically charged particles have measured the charges of tens of millions of fluid microdrops using piezoelectrically driven drop-on-demand inkjet-like droplet ejectors as fluid drop sources. C1 Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Lee, ER (reprint author), Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. NR 33 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 17 PU BUREAU INT POIDS MESURES PI SEVRES CEDEX PA B1 PM PAVILLION DE BRETUEIL, F-92312 SEVRES CEDEX, FRANCE SN 0026-1394 J9 METROLOGIA JI Metrologia PD OCT PY 2004 VL 41 IS 5 SI SI BP S147 EP S158 AR PII S0026-1394(04)80311-6 DI 10.1088/0026-1394/41/5/S05 PG 12 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 865VK UT WOS:000224732000006 ER PT J AU Chen, KS Evans, GH AF Chen, KS Evans, GH TI Two-dimensional modeling of nickel electrodeposition in LIGA microfabrication SO MICROSYSTEM TECHNOLOGIES-MICRO-AND NANOSYSTEMS-INFORMATION STORAGE AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Workshop on Micro-Structure Technology CY JUN, 2003 CL Monterey, CA AB Two-dimensional processes of nickel electrodeposition in LIGA microfabrication were modeled using the finite-element method and a fully coupled implicit solution scheme via Newton's technique. Species concentrations, electrolyte potential, flow field, and positions of the moving deposition surfaces were computed by solving the species-mass, charge, and momentum conservation equations as well as pseudo-solid mesh-motion equations that employ an arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) formulation. Coupling this ALE approach with repeated re-meshing and re-mapping makes it possible to track the entire transient deposition processes from start of deposition until the trenches are filled, thus enabling the computation of local current densities that influence the microstructure and functional/mechanical properties of the deposit. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Chen, KS (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM kschen@sandia.gov NR 6 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0946-7076 J9 MICROSYST TECHNOL JI Microsyst. Technol. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 10 IS 6-7 BP 444 EP 450 DI 10.1007/s00542-004-0373-8 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 864DS UT WOS:000224614400003 ER PT J AU Cordill, MJ Muppidi, T Moody, NR Bahr, DF AF Cordill, MJ Muppidi, T Moody, NR Bahr, DF TI Effects of microstructure on the mechanical properties of copper films for high aspect ratio structures SO MICROSYSTEM TECHNOLOGIES-MICRO-AND NANOSYSTEMS-INFORMATION STORAGE AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Workshop on Micro-Structure Technology CY JUN, 2003 CL Monterey, CA ID THIN-FILMS; INDENTATION; DELAMINATION; INTERFACE AB In this study the mechanical behavior and fracture properties of copper films used in high aspect ratio features of modern microelectronic devices are examined for three different electroplating conditions and yield stresses. Characteristic microstructure of the films is defined using atomic force microscopy and orientation imaging microscopy. Nanoindentation, utilizing continuous stiffness, was used to determine the hardnesses of the copper films, 750-1500 nm in thickness. Nanoindentation and stressed overlayers were then used to induce film delamination to determine the adhesion of the protective tungsten film on copper on a SiO2 substrate. The dimensions of these delaminations were used in mechanics based models to calculate the interfacial fracture toughness of the interface. Results have shown that as the grain size decreases from 1.9 to 1.1 mum the interfacial fracture toughness decreases from 2.6 to 1.4 J/m(2). C1 Washington State Univ, Sch Mech & Mat Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Cordill, MJ (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Sch Mech & Mat Engn, POB 642920, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM mcordill@mail.wsu.edu RI Bahr, David/A-6521-2012; OI Bahr, David/0000-0003-2893-967X; Cordill, Megan/0000-0003-1142-8312 NR 14 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0946-7076 J9 MICROSYST TECHNOL JI Microsyst. Technol. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 10 IS 6-7 BP 451 EP 455 DI 10.1007/s00542-004-0370-y PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 864DS UT WOS:000224614400004 ER PT J AU Goods, SH Kelly, JJ Yang, NYC AF Goods, SH Kelly, JJ Yang, NYC TI Electrodeposited nickel-manganese: an alloy for microsystem applications SO MICROSYSTEM TECHNOLOGIES-MICRO-AND NANOSYSTEMS-INFORMATION STORAGE AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Workshop on Micro-Structure Technology CY JUN, 2003 CL Monterey, CA ID ANODIC DECOMPOSITION PRODUCTS; SULFAMATE AB A process has been developed, using LIGA fabrication techniques, for the electrodeposition of a high strength, heat resistant Ni-Mn alloy to meet the requirements of a mechanical microsystem component. The electrolyte bath chemistry consists of Ni sulfamate to which a small amount of manganese chloride is added. The Mn content for the electrodeposited alloys of interest is generally equal to or less than about 1 wt%. It is shown that its co-deposition with Ni is insensitive to feature aspect ratio and therefore not limited by mass transport effects, permitting uniform alloy deposition. While plating of this alloy at a constant current density yields a high strength deposit, it also results in a highly stressed film that makes the fabrication of thick section deposits problematic. To counter this, a pulsed deposition scheme is employed to fabricate a nanostructured film consisting of alternating nm-thick regions of low stress, relatively soft Ni, and high strength, and highly stressed, NiMn alloy. This moderates the high plating stress of the NiMn alloy and enables the deposition of thick deposits. Yield strengths of over 800 MPa are achievable in the pulse-plated material, with good as-plated ductility (similar to6%). The material loses only about 15% of its original strength after a one hour, 600 degreesC anneal, and no embrittlement is observed since no sulfur-bearing additives are employed. To the contrary, ductility measured as strain to failure is improved. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Mat Sci & Engn, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Goods, SH (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Mat Sci & Engn, 7011 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM shgoods@sandia.gov NR 15 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 10 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0946-7076 J9 MICROSYST TECHNOL JI Microsyst. Technol. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 10 IS 6-7 BP 498 EP 505 DI 10.1007/s00542-004-0381-8 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 864DS UT WOS:000224614400013 ER PT J AU Garino, TJ Morales, AM Boyce, BL AF Garino, TJ Morales, AM Boyce, BL TI The mechanical properties, dimensional tolerance and microstructural characterization of micro-molded ceramic and metal components SO MICROSYSTEM TECHNOLOGIES-MICRO-AND NANOSYSTEMS-INFORMATION STORAGE AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Workshop on Micro-Structure Technology CY JUN, 2003 CL Monterey, CA ID PLASTICS AB Metal and ceramic micro-components with similar to10 mum features were fabricated by molding nano-powder-binder mixtures in micro-molds produced from LiGA-formed masters and then sintering to achieve the desired density and properties. The mechanical properties of the metals nickel and 316L stainless steel were measured in tension using miniature dog bone shaped, micro-molded test specimens. The sintering temperature controlled yield stress (YS), the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and the ductility of the nickel with the YS and the UTS decreasing and the ductility increasing with increasing sintering temperature. For the stainless steel, the YS was nearly 400 MPa, UTS was 650 MPa and the ductility was 3%. The mechanical properties of aluminum oxide ceramics were determined using 4-point bending on miniature micro-molded bend bars. The average modulus of rupture (MOR) was 260 MPa. Careful measurements were made of the dimensional tolerance of the micro-molded parts both before and after sintering using automated optical metrology. The variability in the dimensions of a sintered SS gear after sintering was <3 mum. Finally microscopic examination of the micromolded components indicated that the final grain size was generally less than 1 mum with minimal residual porosity. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Garino, TJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, MS-1411, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM tigarin@sandia.gov RI Boyce, Brad/H-5045-2012 OI Boyce, Brad/0000-0001-5994-1743 NR 9 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0946-7076 J9 MICROSYST TECHNOL JI Microsyst. Technol. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 10 IS 6-7 BP 506 EP 509 DI 10.1007/s00542-004-0382-7 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 864DS UT WOS:000224614400014 ER PT J AU Graham, S Kelley, J Yang, N Borca-Tasciuc, T AF Graham, S Kelley, J Yang, N Borca-Tasciuc, T TI The role of microstructure in the electrical and thermal conductivity of Ni-alloys for LIGA microsystems SO MICROSYSTEM TECHNOLOGIES-MICRO-AND NANOSYSTEMS-INFORMATION STORAGE AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Workshop on Micro-Structure Technology CY JUN, 2003 CL Monterey, CA ID NICKEL ELECTRODEPOSITS; RESISTIVITY; TEMPERATURE; DEPENDENCE; BATH AB The electrical and thermal transport properties of three electrodeposited Ni-alloys for LIGA applications were investigated. Electrodeposted Ni from a sulfamate bath was shown to possess a microcrystalline grain structure with a thermal conductivity (82 W/mK) and electrical resistivity (7.9 muOmegacm) similar to bulk Ni. The addition of saccharin additives or Mn alloying resulted in refinement of the grain structure which elevated the electrical resistivity and decreased the thermal conductivity. The effects of thermal aging were studied through isothermal annealing. Data show that the Ni-Mn samples were most thermally stable both in grain structure and transport properties. Ni-Watts with saccharin resulted in rapid grain growth and an increase in thermal conductivity and decrease in electrical resistivity to that near bulk Ni. The measurements of transport properties were shown to be sensitive to the initial changes in grain structure in the Ni-Watts and Ni-Mn materials, and thus, can be used to track microstructural evolution. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Johnson Engn Ctr 203, Troy, NY USA. RP Graham, S (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, 7011 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM sgraham@sununo.me.gatech.edu NR 18 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0946-7076 J9 MICROSYST TECHNOL JI Microsyst. Technol. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 10 IS 6-7 BP 510 EP 516 DI 10.1007/s00542-004-0383-6 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 864DS UT WOS:000224614400015 ER PT J AU Makarova, OV Zyryanov, VN Divan, R Mancini, DC Tang, CM AF Makarova, OV Zyryanov, VN Divan, R Mancini, DC Tang, CM TI Fabrication of grids and collimators using SU-8 as a mold SO MICROSYSTEM TECHNOLOGIES-MICRO-AND NANOSYSTEMS-INFORMATION STORAGE AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Workshop on Micro-Structure Technology CY JUN, 2003 CL Monterey, CA ID X-RAY-LITHOGRAPHY AB The fabrication process of ultradeep (aspect ratio greater than 25) microchannels in SU-8 photoresist using deep X-ray lithography is described. We have demonstrated that with single-layer coatings, 1-mm-deep trenches in continuous resist layer can be achieved reproducibly. Microchannels with vertical walls and with walls tilted up to 20degrees from vertical have been fabricated. Electroforming of the channels resulted in metal grids and collimators for various applications. A thickness enhancement method for fabrication of very tall structures is also described. C1 Creatv Microtech Inc, Potomac, MD 20854 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Makarova, OV (reprint author), Creatv Microtech Inc, Potomac, MD 20854 USA. EM makarova@aps.anl.gov NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0946-7076 J9 MICROSYST TECHNOL JI Microsyst. Technol. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 10 IS 6-7 BP 536 EP 539 DI 10.1007/s00542-004-0388-1 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 864DS UT WOS:000224614400020 ER PT J AU Makarova, OV Mancini, DC Moldovan, N Divan, R Zyryanov, VN Tang, CM AF Makarova, OV Mancini, DC Moldovan, N Divan, R Zyryanov, VN Tang, CM TI Fabrication of focused two-dimensional grids SO MICROSYSTEM TECHNOLOGIES-MICRO-AND NANOSYSTEMS-INFORMATION STORAGE AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Workshop on Micro-Structure Technology CY JUN, 2003 CL Monterey, CA ID X-RAY-LITHOGRAPHY; ADVANCED PHOTON SOURCE AB A method to fabricating two-dimensional antiscatter grids with septa walls oriented toward the focal point using deep X-ray lithography and copper electroforming is described. These focused grids can be used in mammography to eliminate scattered X-rays, and result in contrast improvement and significantly better image quality in comparison with the conventional one-dimensional antiscatter grids. Freestanding copper antiscatter grids, up to 2 mm thick, 60 mm x 60 mm in size, and focused to one point have been fabricated. This method can be used for fabrication of various other structures with gradually inclined walls. C1 Creatv Microtech Inc, Potomac, MD 20854 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Makarova, OV (reprint author), Creatv Microtech Inc, Potomac, MD 20854 USA. EM makarova@aps.anl.gov NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0946-7076 J9 MICROSYST TECHNOL JI Microsyst. Technol. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 10 IS 6-7 BP 540 EP 543 DI 10.1007/s00542-004-0389-0 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 864DS UT WOS:000224614400021 ER PT J AU Luo, H Chan, DW Yang, T Rodriguez, M Chen, BPC Leng, M Mu, JJ Chen, D Zhou, SY Wang, Y Qin, J AF Luo, H Chan, DW Yang, T Rodriguez, M Chen, BPC Leng, M Mu, JJ Chen, D Zhou, SY Wang, Y Qin, J TI A new XRCC1-Containing complex and its role in cellular survival of methyl methanesulfonate treatment SO MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID STRAND BREAK REPAIR; PROTEIN-KINASE CK2; OCULAR MOTOR APRAXIA; EARLY-ONSET ATAXIA; DNA-DAMAGE; FHA DOMAIN; XERODERMA-PIGMENTOSUM; EXCISION-REPAIR; XRCC1; GENE AB DNA single-strand break repair (SSBR) is important for maintaining genome stability and homeostasis. The current SSBR model derived from an in vitro-reconstituted reaction suggests that the SSBR complex mediated by X-ray repair cross-complementing protein 1 (XRCC1) is assembled sequentially at the site of damage. In this study, we provide biochemical data to demonstrate that two preformed XRCC1 protein complexes exist in cycling HeLa cells. One complex contains known enzymes that are important for SSBR, including DNA ligase 3 (DNL3), polynucleotide kinase 3'-phosphatase, and polymerase beta; the other is a new complex that contains DNL3 and the ataxia with oculomotor apraxia type 1 (AOA) gene product aprataxin. We report the characterization of the new XRCC1 complex. XRCC1 is phosphorylated in vivo and in vitro by CK2, and CK2 phosphorylation of XRCC1 on S518, T519, and T523 largely determines aprataxin binding to XRCC1 though its FHA domain. An acute loss of aprataxin by small interfering RNA renders HeLa cells sensitive to methyl methanesulfonate treatment by a mechanism of shortened half-life of XRCC1. Thus, aprataxin plays a role to maintain the steady-state protein level of XRCC1. Collectively, these data provide insights into the SSBR molecular machinery in the cell and point to the involvement of aprataxin in SSBR, thus linking SSBR to the neurological disease A A. C1 Baylor Coll Med, Verna & Marrs McLean Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Mol & Cellular Biol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Qin, J (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Verna & Marrs McLean Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, T316,1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM jqin@bcm.tmc.edu FU NCI NIH HHS [CA92584, P01 CA092584] NR 35 TC 94 Z9 101 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0270-7306 J9 MOL CELL BIOL JI Mol. Cell. Biol. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 24 IS 19 BP 8356 EP 8365 DI 10.1128/MCB.24.19.8356-8365.2004 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 855QZ UT WOS:000223990100004 PM 15367657 ER PT J AU Enns, L Bogen, KT Wizniak, J Murtha, AD Weinfeld, M AF Enns, L Bogen, KT Wizniak, J Murtha, AD Weinfeld, M TI Low-dose radiation hypersensitivity is associated with p53-dependent apoptosis SO MOLECULAR CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID TUMOR-CELL LINES; HYPER-RADIOSENSITIVITY; IONIZING-RADIATION; ADAPTIVE RESPONSE; INCREASED RADIORESISTANCE; ENHANCED SENSITIVITY; DNA-DAMAGE; P53; ARREST; CYTOTOXICITY AB Exposure to environmental radiation and the application of new clinical modalities, such as radioimmunotherapy, have heightened the need to understand cellular responses to low dose and low-dose rate ionizing radiation. Many tumor cell lines have been observed to exhibit a hypersensitivity to radiation doses <50 cGy, which manifests as a significant deviation from the clonogenic survival response predicted by a linear-quadratic fit to higher doses. However, the underlying processes for this phenomenon remain unclear. Using a gel microdrop/flow cytometry assay to monitor single cell proliferation at early times postirradiation, we examined the response of human A549 lung carcinoma, T98G glioma, and MCF7 breast carcinoma cell lines exposed to gamma radiation doses from 0 to 200 cGy delivered at 0.18 and 22 cGy/min. The A549 and T98G cells, but not MCF7 cells, showed the marked hypersensitivity at doses <50 cGy. To further characterize the low-dose hypersensitivity, we examined the influence of low-dose radiation on cell cycle status and apoptosis by assays for active caspase-3 and phosphatidylserine translocation (Annexin V binding). We observed that caspase-3 activation and Annexin V binding mirrored the proliferation curves for the cell lines. Furthermore, the low-dose hypersensitivity and Annexin V binding to irradiated A549 and T98G cells were eliminated by treating the cells with pifithrin, an inhibitor of p53. When p53-inactive cell lines (2800T skin fibroblasts and HCT116 colorectal carcinoma cells) were examined for similar patterns, we found that there was no hyperradiosensitivity and apoptosis was not detectable by Annexin V or caspase-3 assays. Our data therefore suggest that low-dose hypersensitivity is associated with p53-dependent apoptosis. C1 Cross Canc Inst, Edmonton, AB T6G 1Z2, Canada. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Livermore, CA USA. RP Weinfeld, M (reprint author), Cross Canc Inst, 11560 Univ Ave, Edmonton, AB T6G 1Z2, Canada. EM michaelw@cancerboard.ab.ca NR 40 TC 85 Z9 97 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 1541-7786 J9 MOL CANCER RES JI Mol. Cancer Res. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 2 IS 10 BP 557 EP 566 PG 10 WC Oncology; Cell Biology SC Oncology; Cell Biology GA 864RO UT WOS:000224650800004 PM 15498930 ER PT J AU Gupta, S Mangel, WF McGrath, WJ Perek, JL Lee, DW Takamoto, K Chance, MR AF Gupta, S Mangel, WF McGrath, WJ Perek, JL Lee, DW Takamoto, K Chance, MR TI DNA binding provides a molecular strap activating the adenovirus proteinase SO MOLECULAR & CELLULAR PROTEOMICS LA English DT Article ID X-RAY RADIOLYSIS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; STRUCTURAL REORGANIZATION; CATALYTIC MECHANISM; SSDNA RECOGNITION; TATA-BOX; PROTEASE; COMPLEX; COFACTOR AB Human adenovirus proteinase (AVP) requires two cofactors for maximal activity: pVIc, a peptide derived from the C terminus of adenovirus precursor protein pVI, and the viral DNA. Synchrotron protein footprinting was used to map the solvent accessible cofactor binding sites and to identify conformational changes associated with the binding of cofactors to AVP. The binding of pVIc alone or pVIc and DNA together to AVP triggered significant conformational changes adjacent to the active site cleft sandwiched between the two AVP subdomains. In addition, upon binding of DNA to AVP, it was observed that specific residues on each of the two major subdomains were significantly protected from hydroxyl radicals. Based on the locations of these protected side-chain residues and conserved aromatic and positively charged residues within AVP, a three-dimensional model of DNA binding was constructed. The model indicated that DNA binding can alter the relative orientation of the two AVP domains leading to the partial activation of AVP by DNA. In addition, both pVIc and DNA may independently alter the active site conformation as well as drive it cooperatively to fully activate AVP. C1 Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Physiol & Biophys, Ctr Synchrotron Biosci, Bronx, NY 10461 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Chance, MR (reprint author), Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Physiol & Biophys, Ctr Synchrotron Biosci, Bronx, NY 10461 USA. EM mrc@aecom.yu.edu FU NCI NIH HHS [R33 CA 83179]; NIAID NIH HHS [AI 41599]; NIBIB NIH HHS [P41 EB 01979] NR 51 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 1535-9476 J9 MOL CELL PROTEOMICS JI Mol. Cell. Proteomics PD OCT PY 2004 VL 3 IS 10 BP 950 EP 959 DI 10.1074/mcp.M400037-MCP200 PG 10 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 870HK UT WOS:000225048000002 PM 15220401 ER PT J AU Gu, S Liu, ZH Pan, SQ Jiang, ZY Lu, HM Amit, O Bradbury, EM Hu, CAA Chen, X AF Gu, S Liu, ZH Pan, SQ Jiang, ZY Lu, HM Amit, O Bradbury, EM Hu, CAA Chen, X TI Global investigation of p53-induced apoptosis through quantitative proteomic profiling using comparative amino acid-coded tagging SO MOLECULAR & CELLULAR PROTEOMICS LA English DT Article ID EFFICIENT PROTEIN IDENTIFICATION; PROLYL ISOMERASE PIN1; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; MESSENGER-RNA; CELL-DEATH; IN-VIVO; OXIDATIVE STRESS; PROLINE OXIDASE; CYCLOPHILIN-D; P53 AB p53-induced apoptosis plays a pivotal role in the suppression of tumorigenesis, and mutations in p53 have been found in more than 50% of human tumors. By comparing the proteome of a human colorectal cancer cell transfected with inducible p53 (DLD-1.p53) with that of the control DLD-1 cell line using amino acid-coded mass tagging (AACT)-assisted mass spectrometry, we have broadly identified proteins that are upregulated at the execution stage of the p53-mediated apoptosis. In cell culturing, the deuterium-labeled ( heavy) amino acids were incorporated into the proteome of the induced DLD-1. p53 cells, whereas the DLD-1. vector cells were grown in the unlabeled medium. In high-throughput LC-ESI-MS/MS analyses, the AACT-containing peptides were paired with their unlabeled counterparts, and their relative spectral intensities, reflecting the differential protein expression, were quantified. In addition, our novel AACT-MS method utilized a number of different heavy amino acids as internal markers that significantly increased the peptide sequence coverage for both quantitation and identification purposes. As a result, we were able to identify differentially regulated protein isozymes that would be difficult to distinguish by ICAT-MS methods and to obtain a large dataset of the proteins with altered expression in the late stage of p53-induced apoptosis. The regulated proteins we identified are associated with several distinct functional categories: cell cycle arrest and p53 binding, protein chaperoning, plasma membrane dynamics, stress response, antioxidant enzymes, and anaerobic glycolysis. This result suggests that the p53-induced apoptosis involves the systematic activation of multiple pathways that are glycolysis-relevant, energy-dependent, oxidative stress-mediated, and possibly mediated through interorganelle crosstalks. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ New Mexico, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Bioinformat Div, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Sch Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Hu, CAA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, MS M888,B-2, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM ahu@salud.unm.edu; chen_xian@lanl.gov NR 60 TC 59 Z9 66 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 1535-9476 J9 MOL CELL PROTEOMICS JI Mol. Cell. Proteomics PD OCT PY 2004 VL 3 IS 10 BP 998 EP 1008 DI 10.1074/mcp.M400033-MCP200 PG 11 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 870HK UT WOS:000225048000006 PM 15284338 ER PT J AU Bao, HM Radwan Liang, SF Yang, PY Chen, X AF Bao, Huimin Radwan Liang, Shufang Yang, Pengyuan Chen, Xian TI Subcellular comparative proteomics analysis using the AACT technique SO MOLECULAR & CELLULAR PROTEOMICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Bao, Huimin; Radwan; Liang, Shufang; Yang, Pengyuan; Chen, Xian] Fudan Univ, Dept Chem, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China. [Chen, Xian] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 1535-9476 J9 MOL CELL PROTEOMICS JI Mol. Cell. Proteomics PD OCT PY 2004 VL 3 IS 10 SU S BP S278 EP S278 PG 1 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA V44IA UT WOS:000202995200665 ER PT J AU Gu, S Wang, T Harris, MN Mawuenyega, K Bae, W Chen, X AF Gu, S. Wang, T. Harris, M. N. Mawuenyega, K. Bae, W. Chen, X. TI Systems investigation of protein-protein interactions networks/pathways for effective therapeutic interventions SO MOLECULAR & CELLULAR PROTEOMICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Gu, S.; Wang, T.; Harris, M. N.; Mawuenyega, K.; Bae, W.; Chen, X.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 1535-9476 J9 MOL CELL PROTEOMICS JI Mol. Cell. Proteomics PD OCT PY 2004 VL 3 IS 10 SU S BP S280 EP S280 PG 1 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA V44IA UT WOS:000202995200671 ER PT J AU Liang, SF Wang, TY Du, YC Bao, HM Yang, PY Chen, X AF Liang, S. F. Wang, T. Y. Du, Y. C. Bao, H. M. Yang, P. Y. Chen, X. TI A MS-based epitope affinity tag strategy for studying protein-protein interactions occurring in hepatocellular carcinoma SO MOLECULAR & CELLULAR PROTEOMICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Liang, S. F.; Bao, H. M.; Yang, P. Y.; Chen, X.] Fudan Univ, Proteome Res Ctr, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China. [Liang, S. F.; Bao, H. M.; Yang, P. Y.; Chen, X.] Fudan Univ, Dept Chem, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China. [Wang, T. Y.; Du, Y. C.; Chen, X.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 1535-9476 J9 MOL CELL PROTEOMICS JI Mol. Cell. Proteomics PD OCT PY 2004 VL 3 IS 10 SU S BP S21 EP S21 PG 1 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA V44IA UT WOS:000202995200057 ER PT J AU Nikolaev, EN Shukla, A Masselon, C Sharma, S Pasa-Tolic, L Smith, R AF Nikolaev, Eugene N. Shukla, Anil Masselon, Christophe Sharma, Seema Pasa-Tolic, Ljubljana Smith, Richard TI Combination of field asymmetric ion mobility spectrometry (FAIMS) with FT ICR mass spectrometry for proteomics research SO MOLECULAR & CELLULAR PROTEOMICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 RAMS, Proteom Res Dept, Inst Biomed Chem, Moscow, Russia. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI Masselon, Christophe/A-2340-2010; Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012; Nikolaev, Eugene/N-4498-2013 OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349; Nikolaev, Eugene/0000-0001-6209-2068 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 1535-9476 J9 MOL CELL PROTEOMICS JI Mol. Cell. Proteomics PD OCT PY 2004 VL 3 IS 10 SU S BP S136 EP S136 PG 1 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA V44IA UT WOS:000202995200341 ER PT J AU Pounds, JG Adkins, JN Shen, Y Monroe, ME Camp, DG Smith, RD AF Pounds, J. G. Adkins, J. N. Shen, Y. Monroe, M. E. Camp, D. G. Smith, R. D. TI Proteomic analysis of HUPO sera and plasma using mu LC-FTICR-MS with accurate mass and time (AMT) tag analysis SO MOLECULAR & CELLULAR PROTEOMICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012; Adkins, Joshua/B-9881-2013 OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349; Adkins, Joshua/0000-0003-0399-0700 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 1535-9476 J9 MOL CELL PROTEOMICS JI Mol. Cell. Proteomics PD OCT PY 2004 VL 3 IS 10 SU S BP S228 EP S228 PG 1 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA V44IA UT WOS:000202995200550 ER PT J AU Shan, Z Shui, WQ Yuan, MJ Zhang, GA Xu, XJ Tu, B Chen, X Zhao, DY Yang, PY AF Shan, Zhe Shui, Wenqing Yuan, Minjia Zhang, Guoan Xu, Xuejiao Tu, Bo Chen, Xian Zhao, Dongyuan Yang, Pengyuan TI Use of mesoporous material for MALDI-TOFMS SO MOLECULAR & CELLULAR PROTEOMICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Shan, Zhe; Shui, Wenqing; Yuan, Minjia; Zhang, Guoan; Xu, Xuejiao; Tu, Bo; Chen, Xian; Zhao, Dongyuan; Yang, Pengyuan] Fudan Univ, Dept Chem, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China. [Chen, Xian] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM USA. RI Zhao, Dongyuan/E-5796-2010 OI Zhao, Dongyuan/0000-0002-1642-2510 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 1535-9476 J9 MOL CELL PROTEOMICS JI Mol. Cell. Proteomics PD OCT PY 2004 VL 3 IS 10 SU S BP S143 EP S143 PG 1 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA V44IA UT WOS:000202995200358 ER PT J AU Spencer, P Sabri, MI Tshala-Katumbay, DD Palmer, VS Pounds, JG Smith, RD Adkins, JN AF Spencer, P. Sabri, M. I. Tshala-Katumbay, D. D. Palmer, V. S. Pounds, J. G. Smith, R. D. Adkins, J. N. TI Toxicoproteomics of solvent neuropathy SO MOLECULAR & CELLULAR PROTEOMICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Portland, OR 97201 USA. PNNL, Hanford, WA USA. RI Adkins, Joshua/B-9881-2013 OI Adkins, Joshua/0000-0003-0399-0700 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 1535-9476 J9 MOL CELL PROTEOMICS JI Mol. Cell. Proteomics PD OCT PY 2004 VL 3 IS 10 SU S BP S188 EP S188 PG 1 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA V44IA UT WOS:000202995200462 ER PT J AU Webb-Robertson, BM Havre, SL Singhal, M Lipton, MS Romine, MF Anderson, GA AF Webb-Robertson, B. M. Havre, S. L. Singhal, M. Lipton, M. S. Romine, M. F. Anderson, G. A. TI A visualization and analysis tool for discovery from high-throughput proteomics SO MOLECULAR & CELLULAR PROTEOMICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Webb-Robertson, B. M.; Havre, S. L.; Singhal, M.; Lipton, M. S.; Romine, M. F.; Anderson, G. A.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 1535-9476 J9 MOL CELL PROTEOMICS JI Mol. Cell. Proteomics PD OCT PY 2004 VL 3 IS 10 SU S BP S264 EP S264 PG 1 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA V44IA UT WOS:000202995200636 ER PT J AU Macey, JR Papenfuss, TJ Kuehl, JV Fourcade, HM Boore, JL AF Macey, JR Papenfuss, TJ Kuehl, JV Fourcade, HM Boore, JL TI Phylogenetic relationships among amphisbaenian reptiles based on complete mitochondrial genomic sequences SO MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Reptilia; mphisbaenia; Bipes; phylogeny; mitochondrial DNA; genomics; limb evolution; biogeography; pangaea ID TRANSFER-RNA GENES; STRUCTURAL FEATURES; TANDEM DUPLICATION; CONFIDENCE-LIMITS; DNA; EVOLUTION; REPLICATION; REARRANGEMENT; ORGANIZATION; LIZARDS AB Complete mitochondrial genomic sequences are reported from 12 members in the four families of the reptile group Amphisbaenia. Analysis of 11,946 aligned nucleotide positions (5797 informative) produces a robust phylogenetic hypothesis. The family Rhineuridae is basal and Bipedidae is the sister taxon to the Amphisbaenidae plus Trogonophidae. Amphisbaenian reptiles are surprisingly old, predating the breakup of Pangaea 200 million years before present, because successive basal taxa (Rhineuridae and Bipedidae) are situated in tectonic regions of Laurasia and nested taxa (Amphisbaenidae and Trogonophidae) are found in Gondwanan regions. Thorough sampling within the Bipedidae shows that it is not tectonic movement of Baja California away from the Mexican mainland that is primary in isolating Bipes species, but rather that primary vicariance occurred between northern and southern groups. Amphisbaenian families show parallel reduction in number of limbs and Bipes species exhibit parallel reduction in number of digits. A. measure is developed for comparing the phylogenetic information content of various genes. A synapomorphic trait defining the Bipedidae is a shift from the typical vertebrate mitochondrial gene arrangement to the derived state of trnE and nad6. In addition, a, tandem duplication of trnT and trnP is observed in Bipes biporus with a pattern of pseudogene formation that varies among populations. The first case of convergent rearrangement of the mitochondrial genome among animals demonstrated by complete genomic sequences is reported. Relative to most vertebrates, the Rhineuridae has the block nad6, trnE switched in order with the block cob, trnT, trnP, as they are in birds. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 US DOE, Joint Genome Inst, Dept Evolut Genom, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Museum Vertebrate Zool, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Integrat Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Macey, JR (reprint author), US DOE, Joint Genome Inst, Dept Evolut Genom, 2800 Mitchell Dr, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA. EM jrmacey@lbl.gov OI Kuehl, Jennifer/0000-0003-2813-2518 NR 41 TC 72 Z9 78 U1 1 U2 7 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1055-7903 J9 MOL PHYLOGENET EVOL JI Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 33 IS 1 BP 22 EP 31 DI 10.1016/j.ympev.2004.05.003 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 856LT UT WOS:000224047400003 PM 15324836 ER PT J AU Xanthopoulos, E Muxlow, TWB Thomasson, P Garrington, ST AF Xanthopoulos, E Muxlow, TWB Thomasson, P Garrington, ST TI MERLIN observations of Stephan's Quintet SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE galaxies : clusters : general; galaxies : interactions; galaxies : clusters : individual : Stephan's Quintet; galaxies : clusters : individual : NGC 7319; galaxies : clusters : individual : NGC 7318A; galaxies : clusters : individual : NGC 7318B ID RESOLUTION RADIO OBSERVATIONS; EXTENDED 12-MU-M SAMPLE; SEYFERT-GALAXIES; STAR-FORMATION; CONTINUUM EMISSION; INTRAGROUP MEDIUM; MOLECULAR GAS; JET; COMPONENTS; STARBURST AB We present MERLIN L-band images of the compact galaxy group, Stephan's Quintet (SQ). The Seyfert 2 galaxy, NGC 7319, the brightest member of the compact group, is seen to have a triple radio structure typical of many extra-galactic radio sources that have a flat spectrum core and two steep spectrum lobes with hot spots. The two lobes are asymmetrically distributed on opposite sides of the core along the minor axis of the galaxy. Ultraviolet (UV) emission revealed in a high-resolution channel (HRC)/ACS Hubble Space Telescope (HST) image is strongly aligned with the radio plasma and we interpret the intense star formation in the core and north lobe as an event induced by the collision of the north radio jet with over-dense ambient material. In addition, a remapping of archive Very Large Array (VLA) L-band observations reveals more extended emission along the major axis of the galaxy, which is aligned with the optical axis. Images formed from the combined MERLIN and archive VLA data reveal more detailed structure of the two lobes and hot spots. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Manchester, Jodrell Bank Observ, Macclesfield SK11 9DL, Cheshire, England. RP Xanthopoulos, E (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM exanthop@igpp.ucllnl.org OI Muxlow, Thomas/0000-0001-5797-8796 NR 50 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD OCT 1 PY 2004 VL 353 IS 4 BP 1117 EP 1125 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2004.08133.x PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 860ZL UT WOS:000224385800013 ER PT J AU Rohrer, B Fasoli, S Krebs, HI Volpe, B Frontera, WR Stein, J Hogan, N AF Rohrer, B Fasoli, S Krebs, HI Volpe, B Frontera, WR Stein, J Hogan, N TI Submovements grow larger, fewer, and more blended during stroke recovery SO MOTOR CONTROL LA English DT Article DE movement smoothness; scattershot algorithm; robotic therapy; ballistic movement ID ARM MOVEMENTS; QUANTIZATION; TARGETS; MODEL; HAND AB Submovements are hypothesized building blocks of human movement, discrete ballistic movements of which more complex movements are composed. Using a novel algorithm, submovements were extracted from the point-to-point movements of 41 persons recovering from stroke. Analysis of the extracted submovements showed that, over the course of therapy, patients' submovements tended to increase in peak speed and duration. The number of submovements employed to produce a given movement decreased. The time between the peaks of adjacent submovements decreased for inpatients (those less than 1 month post-stroke), but not for outpatients (those greater than 12 months post-stroke) as a group. Submovements became more overlapped for all patients, but more markedly for inpatients. The strength and consistency with which it quantified patients' recovery indicates that analysis of submovement overlap might be a useful tool for measuring learning or other changes in motor behavior in future human movement studies. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Intelligent Syst & Robot Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. MIT, Dept Mech Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. MIT, Dept Brain & Cognit Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Cornell Univ, Coll Med, Dept Neurol & Neurosci, White Plains, NY 10605 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Spaulding Rehabil Hosp, Boston, MA 02114 USA. RP Rohrer, B (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Intelligent Syst & Robot Ctr, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. FU NICHD NIH HHS [R01-HD36827, R01-HD37397] NR 28 TC 61 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 2 PU HUMAN KINETICS PUBL INC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1607 N MARKET ST, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820-2200 USA SN 1087-1640 J9 MOTOR CONTROL JI Motor Control PD OCT PY 2004 VL 8 IS 4 BP 472 EP 483 PG 12 WC Neurosciences; Sport Sciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Sport Sciences GA 868KK UT WOS:000224912300009 PM 15585902 ER PT J AU Fletcher, BL Hullander, ED Melechko, AV McKnight, TE Klein, KL Hensley, DK Morrell, JL Simpson, ML Doktycz, MJ AF Fletcher, BL Hullander, ED Melechko, AV McKnight, TE Klein, KL Hensley, DK Morrell, JL Simpson, ML Doktycz, MJ TI Microarrays of biomimetic cells formed by the controlled synthesis of carbon nanofiber membranes SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GROWTH; FABRICATION; TRANSPORT; SYSTEMS; DEVICES; MANIPULATION; SEPARATION; TEMPLATES; ARRAYS AB Biological processes are carried out in a small physical volume, the cell, where molecular composition coupled with defined nanometer-scale architecture bring about function. A major challenge inherent in copying this engineering ideal is the fabrication and filling of enclosed membrane structures. Described here is the combination of deterministically grown carbon nanofibers, micromachining techniques, and piezo-based ink jet technology to create cellular mimics. The synthesis, testing, and application of coupled arrays of semipermeable microstructures with defined, sub-nanoliter fluid contents are demonstrated. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Engn Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Doktycz, MJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Engn Sci & Technol Div, POB 2008,MS 6123, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM doktyczmj@ornl.gov RI Melechko, Anatoli/B-8820-2008; Morrell-Falvey, Jennifer/A-6615-2011; Doktycz, Mitchel/A-7499-2011; Simpson, Michael/A-8410-2011; McKnight, Tim/H-3087-2011; Hensley, Dale/A-6282-2016 OI Morrell-Falvey, Jennifer/0000-0002-9362-7528; Doktycz, Mitchel/0000-0003-4856-8343; Simpson, Michael/0000-0002-3933-3457; McKnight, Tim/0000-0003-4326-9117; Hensley, Dale/0000-0001-8763-7765 NR 37 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 4 IS 10 BP 1809 EP 1814 DI 10.1021/nl0493702 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 862TU UT WOS:000224514800002 ER PT J AU Evans, BR O'Neill, HM Hutchens, SA Bruce, BD Greenbaum, E AF Evans, BR O'Neill, HM Hutchens, SA Bruce, BD Greenbaum, E TI Enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution by covalent attachment of plastocyanin to photosystem I SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL CROSS-LINKING; ELECTRON-TRANSFER; FERREDOXIN; SUBUNIT; IDENTIFICATION; COMPLEX; PHOTOINHIBITION; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; POLYPEPTIDE; LOCATION AB A simple photocatalytic hydrogen-evolving system is reported based on intermolecular electron transfer using isolated Photosystem I (PSI) reaction centers as the photoactive element. The system is composed of platinized PSI covalently linked to plastocyanin (PC). Water-soluble sodium ascorbate is the electron donor. PC was attached to PSI by formation of peptide bonds with the cross-linking reagent 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride. Compared to the unlinked proteins, cross-linking of PC and PSI resulted in a substantial increase in light-driven reduction of hexachloroplatinate ions (PtCl62- + 4e(-) --> Ptdown arrow + 6Cl(-)). Hydrogen photoevolution by cross-linked PC-platinized PSI was increased 3-fold both in initial rate and total yield. Analysis of the reaction indicates that covalent linkage of PC to PSI results in a greater rate of total electron throughput from sodium ascorbate to light-activated hydrogen evolution. In addition, although photocatalytic hydrogen-evolving activity was easily demonstrated in the cross-linked system, the native pathway of electron flow yielding enzymatic NADP+ reduction activity was not observed upon addition of the natural PSI electron-accepting system, ferredoxin plus ferredoxin: NADP+ oxidoreductase. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Biochem Cellular & Mol Biol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Biomed Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Tennessee, Grad Sch Genome Sci & Technol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Tennessee, Ctr Excellence Environm Biotechnol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Greenbaum, E (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM greenbaum@ornl.gov OI O'Neill, Hugh/0000-0003-2966-5527 NR 29 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 2 U2 18 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 4 IS 10 BP 1815 EP 1819 DI 10.1021/nl0493388 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 862TU UT WOS:000224514800003 ER PT J AU Chen, FQ Gerion, D AF Chen, FQ Gerion, D TI Fluorescent CdSe/ZnS nanocrystal-peptide conjugates for long-term, nontoxic imaging and nuclear targeting in living cells SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SEMICONDUCTOR QUANTUM DOTS; IN-VIVO; TRANSPORT; TRANSDUCTION; RECEPTORS; SIGNALS; DNA AB One of the biggest challenges in cell biology is the imaging of living cells. For this purpose, the most commonly used visualization tool is fluorescent markers. However, conventional labels, such as organic fluorescent dyes or green fluorescent proteins (GFP), lack the photostability to allow the tracking of cellular events that happen over a period from minutes to days. In addition, they are either toxic to cells (dyes) or difficult to construct and manipulate (GFP). We report here the use of a new class of fluorescent labels, silanized CdSe/ZnS nanocrystal-peptide conjugates, for imaging the nuclei of living cells. CdSe/ZnS nanocrystals, or so-called quantum dots (qdots), are extremely photostable, and have been used extensively in cellular imaging of fixed cells. Most of the studies about living cells so far have been concerned only with particle entry into the cytoplasm or the localization of receptors on the cell membrane. Specific targeting of qdots to the nucleus of living cells has not been reported in previous studies, due to the lack of a targeting mechanism and proper particle size. Here we demonstrate for the first time the construction of a CdSe/ZnS nanocrystal-peptide conjugate that carries the SV40 large T antigen nuclear localization signal (NLS) and the transfection of the complex into living cells. By a novel adaptation for qdots of a commonly used cell transfection technique, we were able to introduce and retain the NLS-qdots conjugate in living cells for up to a week without detectable negative cellular effects. Moreover, we can visualize the movement of the CdSe/ZnS nanocrystal-peptide conjugates from the cytoplasm to the nucleus, as well as the accumulation of the complex in the cell nucleus, over a long observation time period. This report opens the door for using qdots to visualize long-term biological events that happen in the cell nucleus and provides a new nontoxic, long-term imaging platform for observing nuclear trafficking mechanisms and cell nuclear processes. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Chen, FQ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, MS 74R0157,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM f_chen@lbl.gov; gerion1@llnl.gov RI Delehanty, James/F-7454-2012 NR 28 TC 379 Z9 385 U1 21 U2 118 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 4 IS 10 BP 1827 EP 1832 DI 10.1021/nl049170q PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 862TU UT WOS:000224514800005 ER PT J AU Christen, HM Puretzky, AA Cui, H Belay, K Fleming, PH Geohegan, DB Lowndes, DH AF Christen, HM Puretzky, AA Cui, H Belay, K Fleming, PH Geohegan, DB Lowndes, DH TI Rapid growth of long, vertically aligned carbon nanotubes through efficient catalyst optimization using metal film gradients SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION AB Pulsed laser deposited, orthogonally overlapping metal film gradients are introduced as a versatile method to optimize desired nanomaterial characteristics simultaneously as a function of catalyst composition and film thickness. Catalyst libraries generated by this method are applied here to study the growth of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes by chemical vapor deposition in acetylene from Mo/Fe/Al multilayers on Si. An Fe/Mo atomic ratio of 16:1 was discovered to be optimal for the rapid growth of nanotubes to long lengths, at rates exceeding 1 mm/hr. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Florida A&M Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32307 USA. RP Christen, HM (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM christenhm@ornl.gov RI Christen, Hans/H-6551-2013; Puretzky, Alexander/B-5567-2016; Geohegan, David/D-3599-2013 OI Christen, Hans/0000-0001-8187-7469; Puretzky, Alexander/0000-0002-9996-4429; Geohegan, David/0000-0003-0273-3139 NR 15 TC 76 Z9 77 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 4 IS 10 BP 1939 EP 1942 DI 10.1021/nl048856f PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 862TU UT WOS:000224514800023 ER PT J AU Loong, CK Thiyagarajan, P Kolesnikov, AI AF Loong, CK Thiyagarajan, P Kolesnikov, AI TI Neutron-scattering characterization of nanostructured materials relevant to biotechnology SO NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Nanoscale Devices and System Integration Conference (NDSI-2004) CY FEB 15-19, 2004 CL Miami, FL ID MECHANICAL FORCE-FIELDS; NUCLEIC-ACID BASES; VIBRATIONAL DYNAMICS; OPTICAL SPECTROSCOPIES; INELASTIC-SCATTERING; PROTEIN DYNAMICS; AMORPHOUS ICE; REFLECTIVITY; FIBRIL; BONE AB Biomedical nanotechnology is a rapidly emerging field that encompasses many disciplines including medicine, molecular biology, materials physics and chemistry, engineering, etc. The complexity of the targeted systems demands cross-disciplinary research and international collaboration. In the materials front, understanding the fundamental properties at molecular level is important to the realization of the full potential of substances and the fruition of eventual technological applications. Neutron-scattering characterization of biomolecular systems can in principle provide unique information pertinent to nanotechnological applications. But the method is not widely utilized because neutron facilities are not normally located at industrial laboratories and university campuses. We introduce the techniques of neutron scattering for studying the organization of nanoscale structural units and their dynamic response to physical-chemical conditions. Examples are given to illustrate neutron characterization of nanostructured biomaterials and the implications for biotechnology. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Intense Pulsed Neutron Source Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Argonne Natl Lab, Intense Pulsed Neutron Source Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM ckloong@anl.gov RI Kolesnikov, Alexander/I-9015-2012 OI Kolesnikov, Alexander/0000-0003-1940-4649 NR 33 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0957-4484 EI 1361-6528 J9 NANOTECHNOLOGY JI Nanotechnology PD OCT PY 2004 VL 15 IS 10 SI SI BP S664 EP S671 AR PII S0957-4484(04)76289-3 DI 10.1088/0957-4484/15/10/027 PG 8 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 866ZP UT WOS:000224812200028 ER PT J AU Dauter, Z AF Dauter, Z TI Phasing in iodine for structure determination SO NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID GENETIC-CODE C1 NCI, Synchrotron Radiat Res Sect, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Dauter, Z (reprint author), NCI, Synchrotron Radiat Res Sect, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Bldg 725A, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM dauter@bnl.gov NR 10 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 USA SN 1087-0156 J9 NAT BIOTECHNOL JI Nat. Biotechnol. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 22 IS 10 BP 1239 EP 1240 DI 10.1038/nbt1004-1239 PG 2 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 860EU UT WOS:000224326100021 PM 15470459 ER PT J AU Carlisle, JA AF Carlisle, JA TI Diamond films - Precious biosensors SO NATURE MATERIALS LA English DT News Item ID ULTRANANOCRYSTALLINE DIAMOND; THIN-FILMS AB Chemical immobilization of electro-active enzymes on conducting nanocrystalline-diamond thin films is laying the basis for diamond-based electrochemical biosensors and bio-interfaces. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Argonne, IL 60544 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60544 USA. RP Carlisle, JA (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Argonne, IL 60544 USA. EM carlisle@anl.gov NR 7 TC 50 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 16 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1476-1122 J9 NAT MATER JI Nat. Mater. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 3 IS 10 BP 668 EP 669 DI 10.1038/nmat1225 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 859EQ UT WOS:000224246200011 PM 15467689 ER PT J AU Zheng, LX O'Connell, MJ Doorn, SK Liao, XZ Zhao, YH Akhadov, EA Hoffbauer, MA Roop, BJ Jia, QX Dye, RC Peterson, DE Huang, SM Liu, J Zhu, YT AF Zheng, LX O'Connell, MJ Doorn, SK Liao, XZ Zhao, YH Akhadov, EA Hoffbauer, MA Roop, BJ Jia, QX Dye, RC Peterson, DE Huang, SM Liu, J Zhu, YT TI Ultralong single-wall carbon nanotubes SO NATURE MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID FIBERS; LONG; GROWTH AB Since the discovery of carbon nanotubes in 1991 by Iijima(1), there has been great interest in creating long, continuous nanotubes for applications where their properties coupled with extended lengths will enable new technology developments(2). For example, ultralong nanotubes can be spun into fibres that are more than an order of magnitude stronger than any current structural material, allowing revolutionary advances in lightweight, high-strength applications(3). Long metallic nanotubes will enable new types of microelectromechanical systems such as micro-electric motors, and can also act as a nanoconducting cable for wiring micro-electronic devices(4). Here we report the synthesis of 4-cm-long individual single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) at a high growth rate of 11 mum s(-1) by catalytic chemical vapour deposition. Our results suggest the possibility of growing SWNTs continuously without any apparent length limitation. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Duke Univ, Dept Chem, Durham, NC 27708 USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM yzhu@lanl.gov RI Zhu, Yuntian/B-3021-2008; Zhao, Yonghao/A-8521-2009; Liao, Xiaozhou/B-3168-2009; Zheng, Lianxi/A-3855-2011; Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012; Jia, Q. X./C-5194-2008; Liu, Jie/B-4440-2010 OI Zhu, Yuntian/0000-0002-5961-7422; Liao, Xiaozhou/0000-0001-8565-1758; Zheng, Lianxi/0000-0003-4974-365X; Liu, Jie/0000-0003-0451-6111 NR 20 TC 340 Z9 350 U1 6 U2 116 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1476-1122 EI 1476-4660 J9 NAT MATER JI Nat. Mater. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 3 IS 10 BP 673 EP 676 DI 10.1038/nmat1216 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 859EQ UT WOS:000224246200014 PM 15359345 ER PT J AU Marks, RA Taylor, ST Mammana, E Gronsky, R Glaeser, AM AF Marks, RA Taylor, ST Mammana, E Gronsky, R Glaeser, AM TI Directed assembly of controlled-misorientation bicrystals SO NATURE MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID GRAIN-BOUNDARIES; ALUMINA BICRYSTALS; AL2O3 BICRYSTALS; TILT BOUNDARIES; ALPHA-ALUMINA; GROWTH; PHASE; OXIDE; TIO2; MICROSTRUCTURE AB Grain boundaries play a vital role in determining materials behaviour(1-3), and the nature of these intercrystalline interfaces is dictated by chemical composition(4), processing history(5), and geometry(2,6)(misorientation and inclination). The interrelation among these variables and material properties may be systematically studied in bicrystals(7). Conventional bicrystal fabrication offers control over these variables, but its ability to mimic grain boundaries in polycrystalline materials is ambiguous(8-12). Here we describe a novel solid-state process for rapidly generating intercrystalline interfaces with controlled geometry and chemistry, applicable to a broad range of materials. A fine-grained polycrystalline layer, contacted by two appropriately misoriented single-crystal seeds, is consumed by an epitaxial solid-state transformation until the directed growth fronts impinge. The seed misorientations establish the geometry of the resulting intercrystalline boundaries, and the composition of the sacrificial polycrystalline layer establishes the chemistry of the boundaries and their adjacent grains. Results from a challenging model system, titanium-doped sapphire, illustrate the viability of the directed assembly technique for preparing high-quality bicrystals in both twist and tilt configurations. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Glaeser, AM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM aglaeser@sapphire.berkeley.edu NR 37 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 14 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1476-1122 J9 NAT MATER JI Nat. Mater. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 3 IS 10 BP 682 EP 686 DI 10.1038/nmat1214 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 859EQ UT WOS:000224246200016 PM 15448681 ER PT J AU Huang, DT Miller, DW Mathew, R Cassell, R Holton, JM Roussel, MF Schulman, BA AF Huang, DT Miller, DW Mathew, R Cassell, R Holton, JM Roussel, MF Schulman, BA TI A unique E1-E2 interaction required for optimal conjugation of the ubiquitin-like protein NEDD8 SO NATURE STRUCTURAL & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASES; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; STRUCTURAL BASIS; SUBSTRATE RECOGNITION; MODIFICATION PATHWAY; LIGASE COMPLEX; FISSION YEAST; CDC34 UBC3; E3 LIGASE; ENZYME AB Ubiquitin-like proteins (UBLs) such as NEDD8 are transferred to their targets by distinct, parallel, multienzyme cascades that involve the sequential action of E1, E2 and E3 enzymes. How do enzymes within a particular UBL conjugation cascade interact with each other? We report here that the unique N-terminal sequence of NEDD8's E2, Ubc12, selectively recruits NEDD8's E1 to promote thioester formation between Ubc12 and NEDD8. A peptide corresponding to Ubc12's N terminus (Ubc12N26) specifically binds and inhibits NEDD8's E1, the heterodimeric APPBP1-UBA3 complex. The structure of APPBP1-UBA3-Ubc12N26 reveals conserved Ubc12 residues docking in a groove generated by loops conserved in UBA3s but not other E1s. These data explain why the Ubc12-UBA3 interaction is unique to the NEDD8 pathway. These studies define a novel mechanism for E1-E2 interaction and show how enzymes within a particular UBL conjugation cascade can be tethered together by unique protein-protein interactions emanating from their common structural scaffolds. C1 St Jude Childrens Res Hosp, Dept Biol Struct, Memphis, TN 38105 USA. St Jude Childrens Res Hosp, Dept Genet & Tumor Cell Biol, Memphis, TN 38105 USA. St Jude Childrens Res Hosp, Hartwell Ctr Biotechnol & Bioinformat, Memphis, TN 38105 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Schulman, BA (reprint author), St Jude Childrens Res Hosp, Dept Biol Struct, 332 N Lauderdale St, Memphis, TN 38105 USA. EM brenda.schulman@stjude.org OI Huang, Danny/0000-0002-6192-259X; Roussel, Martine F./0000-0002-1740-8139 FU NCI NIH HHS [P01 CA071907, P01 CA071907-10, P01CA071907, P30 CA021765, P30 CA021765-31, P30CA21765]; NIGMS NIH HHS [R01GM69530, R01 GM069530, R01 GM069530-02] NR 51 TC 71 Z9 74 U1 0 U2 4 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1545-9993 J9 NAT STRUCT MOL BIOL JI Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 11 IS 10 BP 927 EP 935 DI 10.1038/nsmb826 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA 857NM UT WOS:000224124200012 PM 15361859 ER PT J AU Graham, D Maas, P Donaldson, GB Carr, C AF Graham, D Maas, P Donaldson, GB Carr, C TI Impact damage detection in carbon fibre composites using HTS SQUIDs and neural networks SO NDT & E INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE eddy current; neural network; composite laminates ID NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION AB A neural network-based data analysis tool, developed to speed the damage detection process for the NDE of impact damaged carbon fibre composites, is discussed. A feature extraction method utilising a gradient threshold search function and a feed forward neural network for pattern recognition were used to develop the system. Impact damaged carbon composite sample plates were scanned with an eddy current-based NDE setup using HTS SQUID gradiometers and double-D excitation coils. Detection of damage sites in data affected by noise spikes caused by environmental disturbances is demonstrated. Finally, a possible design for a future entirely automated scanning system is also introduced. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Strathclyde, Dept Phys, Glasgow G4 0NG, Lanark, Scotland. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Graham, D (reprint author), Univ Strathclyde, Dept Phys, Glasgow G4 0NG, Lanark, Scotland. EM david.graham@strath.ac.uk OI Graham, Duncan/0000-0002-6079-2105 NR 19 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0963-8695 J9 NDT&E INT JI NDT E Int. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 37 IS 7 BP 565 EP 570 DI 10.1016/j.ndteint.2004.03.001 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA 836GV UT WOS:000222544700008 ER PT J AU Yin, TM DiFazio, SP Gunter, LE Jawdy, SS Boerjan, W Tuskan, GA AF Yin, TM DiFazio, SP Gunter, LE Jawdy, SS Boerjan, W Tuskan, GA TI Genetic and physical mapping of Melampsora rust resistance genes in Populus and characterization of linkage disequilibrium and flanking genomic sequence SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE disease-resistance genes; linkage disequilibrium (LD); Melampsora; Populus (poplar); recombination repression ID BULKED SEGREGANT ANALYSIS; THAUMATIN-LIKE PROTEIN; F-SP DELTOIDAE; LARICI-POPULINA; LEAF RUST; MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; HYBRID POPLAR; MAJOR GENE; NONHOST RESISTANCE; MOLECULAR MARKERS AB In an attempt to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of Melampsora rust resistance in Populus trichocarpa, we have mapped two resistance loci, MXC3 and MER, and intensively characterized the flanking genomic sequence for the MXC3 locus and the level of linkage disequilibrium (LD) in natural populations. We used an interspecific backcross pedigree and a genetic map that was highly saturated with AFLP and SSR markers, and assembled shotgun-sequence data in the region containing markers linked to MXC3. The two loci were mapped to different linkage groups. Linkage disequilibrium for MXC3 was confined to two closely linked regions spanning 34 and 16 kb, respectively. The MXC3 region also contained six disease-resistance candidate genes. The MER and MXC3 loci are clearly distinct, and may have different mechanisms of resistance, as different classes of putative resistance genes were present near each locus. The suppressed recombination previously observed in the MXC3 region was possibly caused by extensive hemizygous rearrangements confined to the original parent tree. The relatively low observed LD may facilitate association studies using candidate genes for rust resistance, but will probably inhibit marker-aided selection. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. State Univ Ghent VIB, Dept Plant Syst Biol, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. RP DiFazio, SP (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. EM difazios@ornl.gov RI Tuskan, Gerald/A-6225-2011; Gunter, Lee/L-3480-2016; OI Tuskan, Gerald/0000-0003-0106-1289; Gunter, Lee/0000-0003-1211-7532; Boerjan, Wout/0000-0003-1495-510X NR 74 TC 41 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 9 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0028-646X J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 164 IS 1 BP 95 EP 105 DI 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01161.x PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 851CC UT WOS:000223662000011 ER PT J AU Firestone, RB AF Firestone, RB TI Nuclear data sheets for A=21 SO NUCLEAR DATA SHEETS LA English DT Review ID DELAYED-PROTON DECAY; THERMAL-NEUTRON CAPTURE; ATOMIC MASS EVALUATION; FIRST EXCITED STATES; DRIP-LINE NUCLEI; ENERGY-LEVELS; BETA-DECAY; LIGHT-NUCLEI; LIFETIME MEASUREMENTS; PARTICLE DECAYS AB This evaluation of A=21 has been updated from previous evaluations published in 1998En04, 1990En08, and 1978En02. Coverage includes properties of adopted levels and gamma rays, decay-scheme data (energies, intensities and placement of radiations), and cross reference entries. The following tables continue the tradition of showing the systematic relationships between levels in A=21. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Firestone, RB (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, MS 88R0192,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. OI Firestone, Richard/0000-0003-3833-5546 NR 106 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0090-3752 J9 NUCL DATA SHEETS JI Nucl. Data Sheets PD OCT PY 2004 VL 103 IS 2 BP 269 EP 323 DI 10.1016/j.nds.2004.11.003 PG 55 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 880OE UT WOS:000225798300001 ER PT J AU Takahashi, H Fredrickson, ED Schaffer, MJ Austin, ME Evans, TE Lao, LL Watkins, JG AF Takahashi, H Fredrickson, ED Schaffer, MJ Austin, ME Evans, TE Lao, LL Watkins, JG TI Observation of SOL current correlated with MHD activity in NBI heated DIII-D tokamak discharges SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID SCRAPE-OFF LAYER; DIVERTOR TARGET CURRENTS; HALO CURRENTS; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; PARALLEL CURRENTS; MODE; PLASMA; JET; ELM; STABILIZATION AB This work investigates the potential roles played by the scrape-off-layer current (SOLC) in MHD activity of tokamak plasmas, including effects on stability. SOLCs are found to be an integral part of the MHD activity, with a propensity to flow in a non-axisymmetric pattern and with magnitude potentially large enough to play a role in the MHD stability. Candidate mechanisms that can drive these SOLCs are identified: (a) non-axisymmetric thermoelectric potential, (b) electromotive force from MHD activity, and (c) flux swing, both toroidal and poloidal, of the plasma column. Other potential magnetic consequences of the SOLC are identified: (a) its error field can introduce complications in feedback control schemes for stabilizing MHD activity, and (b) its non-axisymmetric field can be falsely identified as an axisymmetric field by the tokamak control logic and in equilibrium reconstruction. The radial profile of an SOLE observed during a quiescent discharge period is determined, and found to possess polarity reversals as a function of radial distance. C1 Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA USA. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Takahashi, H (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 49 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 7 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD OCT PY 2004 VL 44 IS 10 BP 1075 EP 1096 AR PII S0029-5515(04)84909-3 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/44/10/003 PG 22 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 867JM UT WOS:000224838900004 ER PT J AU Perkins, LJ Orth, CD Tabak, M AF Perkins, LJ Orth, CD Tabak, M TI On the utility of antiprotons as drivers for inertial confinement fusion SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID POWER-PLANT DESIGN; LASER FUSION; HIGH-GAIN; ENERGY; IGNITION; TARGETS; FISSION; MICROFISSION; ANTIHYDROGEN; ANNIHILATION AB In contrast to the large mass, complexity and recirculating power of conventional drivers for inertial confinement fusion (ICF), antiproton annihilation offers a specific energy of 90 MJ mug(-1) and thus a unique form of energy packaging and delivery. In principle, antiproton drivers could provide a profound reduction in system mass for advanced space propulsion by ICF. We examine the physics underlying the use of antiprotons ((p) over bar) to drive various classes of high-yield ICF targets by the methods of volumetric ignition, hotspot ignition and fast ignition. The useable fraction of annihilation deposition energy is determined for both (p) over bar -driven ablative compression and (p) over bar -driven fast ignition, in association with zero- and one-dimensional target burn models. Thereby, we deduce scaling laws for the number of injected antiprotons required per capsule, together with timing and focal spot requirements. The kinetic energy of the injected antiproton beam required to penetrate to the desired annihilation point is always small relative to the deposited annihilation energy. We show that heavy metal seeding of the fuel and/or ablator is required to optimize local deposition of annihilation energy and determine that a minimum of similar to3 x 10(15) injected antiprotons will be required to achieve high yield (several hundred megajoules) in any target configuration. Target gains-i.e. fusion yields divided by the available p-(p) over bar annihilation energy from the injected antiprotons (1.88 GeV/(p) over bar)-range from similar to3 for volumetric ignition targets to similar to600 for fast ignition targets. Antiproton-driven ICF is a speculative concept, and the handling of antiprotons and their required injection precision-temporally and spatially-will present significant technical challenges. The storage and manipulation of low-energy antiprotons, particularly in the form of antihydrogen, is a science in its infancy and a large scale-up of antiproton production over present supply methods would be required to embark on a serious R&D programme for this application. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Perkins, LJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM perkins3@llnl.gov NR 80 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0029-5515 EI 1741-4326 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD OCT PY 2004 VL 44 IS 10 BP 1097 EP 1117 AR PII S0029-5515(04)84278-9 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/44/10/004 PG 21 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 867JM UT WOS:000224838900005 ER PT J AU Atoian, GS Issakov, VV Karavichev, OV Karavicheva, TL Poblaguev, AA Zeller, ME AF Atoian, GS Issakov, VV Karavichev, OV Karavicheva, TL Poblaguev, AA Zeller, ME TI Development of Shashlyk calorimeter for KOPIO SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE Shashlyk calorimeter; Monte-Carlo simulation ID ELECTROMAGNETIC CALORIMETER AB A large size electromagnetic calorimeter with an energy resolution of 3%/root E (GeV) for 100-500 MeV photons is one of the keystone elements of the KOPIO experiment. In this paper we describe the method of optimization of the Shashlyk module to achieve the required energy resolution. To optimize the calorimeter module design, a model for simulation of the energy resolution was developed. It includes the effects of shower evolution, light collection in scintillator plates, light attenuation in fibers, quantum efficiency of the photo-detector, threshold and noise in the readout system. This model was adjusted using the results of a 0.5-2 GeV/ positron test beam study of a calorimeter prototype with an energy resolution of 4%/root E (GeV). Possible improvements of the Shashlyk energy resolution to 3%/root E (GeV), the level required by KOPIO experiment, are discussed. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Russian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, Moscow 117312, Russia. Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. RP Poblaguev, AA (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, 911B, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM poblaguev@bnl.gov NR 10 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 1 PY 2004 VL 531 IS 3 BP 467 EP 480 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2004.05.094 PG 14 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 908AV UT WOS:000227760400012 ER PT J AU Reifarth, R Bredeweg, TA Alpizar-Vicente, A Browne, JC Esch, EI Greife, U Haight, RC Hatarik, R Kronenberg, A O'Donnell, JM Rundberg, RS Ullmann, JL Vleira, DJ Wilhelmy, JB Wouters, JM AF Reifarth, R Bredeweg, TA Alpizar-Vicente, A Browne, JC Esch, EI Greife, U Haight, RC Hatarik, R Kronenberg, A O'Donnell, JM Rundberg, RS Ullmann, JL Vleira, DJ Wilhelmy, JB Wouters, JM TI Background identification and suppression for the measurement of (n, gamma) reactions with the DANCE array at LANSCE SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE keV neutron capture; spallation neutron source; calorimetric measurement ID DETECTOR AB In the commissioning phase of the DANCE project (Detector for Advanced Neutron Capture Experiments) measurements have been performed with special emphasis on the identification and suppression of possible backgrounds for the planned (n,gamma) experiments. This report describes several background sources, observed in the experiment or anticipated from simulations, which will need to be suppressed in this and in similar detectors that are planned at other facilities. First successes are documented in the suppression of background from scattered neutrons captured in the detector as well as from the internal radiation. Experimental results and simulations using the GEANT code are compared. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Colorado Sch Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Reifarth, R (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, LANSCE-3 MS H855, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM reifarth@lanl.gov NR 12 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 1 PY 2004 VL 531 IS 3 BP 530 EP 543 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2004.05.096 PG 14 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 908AV UT WOS:000227760400016 ER PT J AU Field, C Mazaheri, G Hughes, EW Jones, GM AF Field, C Mazaheri, G Hughes, EW Jones, GM TI An ion chamber system used at high instantaneous rates SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE ion chamber; high intensity; radiation hard ID SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION; BEAM AB A radiation hard, compact, ion chamber detector system is described. The chambers are planar, with narrow gaps, and are filled with nitrogen gas. They operated at a signal rate equivalent to similar to 2 x 10(8) minimum ionizing tracks per cm(,)(2) delivered in pulses 250 ns long, while monitoring an intense scattered electron flux. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Stanford Univ, SLAC, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP Field, C (reprint author), Stanford Univ, SLAC, 2575 Sandhill Rd,Mail Stop 62, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM sargon@slac.stanford.edu NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 1 PY 2004 VL 531 IS 3 BP 569 EP 576 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2004.05.091 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 908AV UT WOS:000227760400020 ER PT J AU Allanach, BC Blair, GA Freitas, A Kraml, S Martyn, HU Polesello, G Porod, W Zerwas, PM AF Allanach, BC Blair, GA Freitas, A Kraml, S Martyn, HU Polesello, G Porod, W Zerwas, PM TI SUSY parameter analysis at TeV and Planck scales SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th DESY Workshop on Elementary Particle Theory CY APR 25-30, 2004 CL Zinnowitz, GERMANY SP DESY ID SOFT SUPERSYMMETRY-BREAKING; HIGGS-BOSON MASSES; RENORMALIZATION-GROUP EQUATIONS; GRAND UNIFIED THEORIES; 2-LOOP CORRECTIONS; LINEAR COLLIDERS; UNIFICATION; E(+)E(-); MSSM; ELECTROWEAK AB Coherent analyses at future LHC and LC experiments can be used to explore the breaking mechanism of supersymmetry and to reconstruct the fundamental theory at high energies, in particular at the grand unification scale. This will be exemplified for minimal supergravity. C1 LAPTH, Annecy Le Vieux, France. DESY, Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron, D-22603 Hamburg, Germany. Univ London Royal Holloway & Bedford New Coll, Egham TW20 0EX, Surrey, England. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Austrian Acad Sci, Inst Hochenergiephys, A-1050 Vienna, Austria. CERN, Dept Phys, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. Rhein Westfal TH Aachen Klinikum, Inst Phys 1, D-52074 Aachen, Germany. IFIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular, E-46071 Valencia, Spain. RP Allanach, BC (reprint author), LAPTH, Annecy Le Vieux, France. OI Allanach, Benjamin/0000-0003-4635-6830 NR 42 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 135 BP 107 EP 113 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2004.09.052 PG 7 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 874IM UT WOS:000225344100022 ER PT J AU Awramik, M Czakon, M Freitas, A Weiglein, G AF Awramik, M Czakon, M Freitas, A Weiglein, G TI Two-loop fermionic electroweak corrections to the effective leptonic weak mixing angle in the standard model SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th DESY Workshop on Elementary Particle Theory CY APR 25-30, 2004 CL Zinnowitz, GERMANY SP DESY ID VACUUM-POLARIZATION FUNCTIONS; RHO-PARAMETER; DIFFERENTIAL-EQUATIONS; RADIATIVE-CORRECTIONS; QCD CORRECTIONS; MUON LIFETIME; FORM-FACTOR; TOP-QUARK; INTERDEPENDENCE; DIAGRAMS AB We give some details of the recently completed calculation of the full two-loop fermionic corrections to the lept effective leptonic weak mixing angle, sin(2) 0(eff)(lept). Among others, we describe the C++ library DiaGen/IdSolver, which was used to reduce the two-loop light fermion vertex diagrams to linear combinations of master integrals with rational function coefficients. C1 DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. PAS, Inst Nucl Phys, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland. Silesian Univ, Inst Phys, PL-40007 Katowice, Poland. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Div Theoret Phys, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Durham, Inst Particle Phys Phenomenol, Durham DH1 3LE, England. RP Awramik, M (reprint author), DESY, Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. NR 44 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 135 BP 119 EP 123 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2004.09.054 PG 5 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 874IM UT WOS:000225344100024 ER PT J AU Bern, Z Dixon, LJ Kosower, DA AF Bern, Z Dixon, LJ Kosower, DA TI Two-loop splitting amplitudes SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th DESY Workshop on Elementary Particle Theory CY APR 25-30, 2004 CL Zinnowitz, GERMANY SP DESY ID TO-LEADING ORDER; GAUGE-THEORY; LOOP AMPLITUDES; COLLINEAR LIMITS; GLUON AMPLITUDES; QCD AMPLITUDES; FACTORIZATION; BEHAVIOR; PROGRESS; SCATTERING AB Splitting amplitudes govern the behavior of scattering amplitudes at the momenta of external legs become collinear. In this talk we outline the calculation of two-loop splitting amplitudes via the unitarity sewing method. This method retains the simple factorization properties of light-cone gauge, but avoids the need for prescriptions such as the principal value or Mandelstam-Leibbrandt ones. The encountered loop momentum integrals are then evaluated using integration-by-parts and Lorentz invariance identities. We outline a variety of applications for these splitting amplitudes. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. CEA Saclay, Serv Phys Theor, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. RP Bern, Z (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM bern@physics.ucla.edu NR 46 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 135 BP 147 EP 151 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2004.09.058 PG 5 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 874IM UT WOS:000225344100028 ER PT J AU Rodrigo, G Catani, S de Florian, D Vogelsang, W AF Rodrigo, G Catani, S de Florian, D Vogelsang, W TI Collinear splitting, parton evolution and the strange-quark asymmetry of the nucleon in NNLO QCD SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th DESY Workshop on Elementary Particle Theory CY APR 25-30, 2004 CL Zinnowitz, GERMANY SP DESY ID TO-LEADING-ORDER; DEEP-INELASTIC SCATTERING; SMALL TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM; LOGARITHMIC CORRECTIONS; HADRONIC COLLISIONS; GAUGE-THEORY; AMPLITUDES; FACTORIZATION; BEHAVIOR; LIMIT AB We consider the collinear limit of QCD amplitudes at one-loop order, and their factorization properties directly in colour space. These results apply to the multiple collinear limit of an arbitrary number of QCD partons, and are a basic ingredient in many higher-order computations. In particular, we discuss the triple collinear limit and its relation to flavour asymmetries in the QCD evolution of parton densities at three loops. As a phenomenological consequence of this new effect, and of the fact that the nucleon has non-vanishing quark valence densities, we study the perturbative generation of a strange-antistrange asymmetry s(x) - (s) over bar (x) in the nucleon's sea. C1 Inst Fis Corpuscular, E-46071 Valencia, Spain. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Firenze, I-50019 Florence, Italy. Univ Florence, Dipartimento Fis, I-50019 Florence, Italy. Univ Buenos Aires, FCEYN, Dept Fis, RA-1053 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN, BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Inst Fis Corpuscular, Apartado Correos 22085, E-46071 Valencia, Spain. EM german.rodrigo@ific.uv.es; stefano.catani@fi.infn.it; deflo@df.uba.ar; wvogelsang@bn1.gov RI Rodrigo, German /B-8364-2009; de Florian, Daniel/B-6902-2011 OI de Florian, Daniel/0000-0002-3724-0695 NR 40 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 EI 1873-3832 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 135 BP 188 EP 192 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2004.09.048 PG 5 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 874IM UT WOS:000225344100036 ER PT J AU Giele, W Glover, EWN Zanderighi, G AF Giele, W Glover, EWN Zanderighi, G TI Numerical evaluation of one-loop diagrams near exceptional momentum configurations SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th DESY Workshop on Elementary Particle Theory CY APR 25-30, 2004 CL Zinnowitz, GERMANY SP DESY ID INTEGRALS; REDUCTION AB One problem which plagues the numerical evaluation of one-loop Feynman diagrams using recursive integration by part relations is a numerical instability near exceptional momentum configurations. In this contribution we will discuss a generic solution to this problem. As an example we consider the case of forward light-by-light scattering. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60150 USA. Univ Durham, Dept Phys, Durham DH1 3LE, England. RP Giele, W (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60150 USA. RI Glover, Edward/A-4597-2012 OI Glover, Edward/0000-0002-0173-4175 NR 9 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 135 BP 275 EP 279 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphyspbs.2004.09.028 PG 5 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 874IM UT WOS:000225344100049 ER PT J AU Ng, E Tang, WP AF Ng, E Tang, WP TI Preconditioning 2001 - Part II - Preface 2 SO NUMERICAL LINEAR ALGEBRA WITH APPLICATIONS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Ng, E (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Cyclotron Rd,Mail Stop 50F-1650, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM EGNg@lbl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 1070-5325 J9 NUMER LINEAR ALGEBR JI Numer. Linear Algebr. Appl. PD OCT-NOV PY 2004 VL 11 IS 8-9 BP 693 EP 693 DI 10.1002/nla.387 PG 1 WC Mathematics, Applied; Mathematics SC Mathematics GA 862SG UT WOS:000224510600001 ER PT J AU Boman, EG Chen, D Hendrickson, B Toledo, S AF Boman, EG Chen, D Hendrickson, B Toledo, S TI Maximum-weight-basis preconditioners SO NUMERICAL LINEAR ALGEBRA WITH APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Proconditioning Techniques for Large Sparse Matrix Problems CY APR 29-MAY 01, 2001 CL Tahoe City, CA DE sparse linear solvers; preconditioning; support theory; support preconditioners; maximum-weight bases; matroids ID BLOCK INCOMPLETE FACTORIZATIONS; CONDITIONING ANALYSIS; K-TREES; MATRICES; EIGENVALUES; BOUNDS AB This paper analyses a novel method for constructing preconditioners for diagonally dominant symmetric positive-definite matrices. The method discussed here is based oil a simple idea: we construct M by go simply dropping offdiagonal non-zeros from A and modifying the diagonal elements to maintain a certain row-sum property. The preconditioners are extensions of Vaidya's augmented maximum-spanning-tree preconditioners. The preconditioners presented here were also mentioned by Vaidya in all unpublished manuscript, but without a complete analysis. The preconditioners that we present have only O(n + t(2)) nonzeros, where n is the dimension of the matrix and 1less than or equal totless than or equal ton is a parameter that one can choose. Their construction is efficient and gauarantees that the condition number of the preconditioned system is O(n(2)/t(2)) if the number of nonzeros per row in the matrix is bounded by a constant. We have developed an efficient algorithm to construct these preconditioners and we have implemented it. We used our implementation to solve a simple model problem; we show the combinatorial structure of the preconditioners and we present encouraging convergence results. Copyright (C) 2004 John Wiley Sons, Ltd. C1 Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Comp Sci, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Boman, EG (reprint author), Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Comp Sci, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. EM ebornan@cs.sandia.gov; mycroft@tau.ac.il; bah@cs.sandia.gov; stoledo@tau.ac.il NR 36 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 1070-5325 J9 NUMER LINEAR ALGEBR JI Numer. Linear Algebr. Appl. PD OCT-NOV PY 2004 VL 11 IS 8-9 BP 695 EP 721 DI 10.1002/nla.343 PG 27 WC Mathematics, Applied; Mathematics SC Mathematics GA 862SG UT WOS:000224510600002 ER PT J AU Yang, C Ng, EG Penczek, PA AF Yang, C Ng, EG Penczek, PA TI Matrix-free constructions of circulant and block circulant preconditioners SO NUMERICAL LINEAR ALGEBRA WITH APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Proconditioning Techniques for Large Sparse Matrix Problems CY APR 29-MAY 01, 2001 CL Tahoe City, CA DE iterative methods; Toeplitz matrices; circulant preconditioners; frequency response ID TOEPLITZ MATRICES; RADON-TRANSFORM; DECOMPOSITION; EQUATIONS; SYSTEMS; SPACE AB A framework for constructing circulant and block circulant preconditioners (C) for a symmetric linear system Ax=barising from signal and image processing applications is presented in this paper. The proposed scheme does not make explicit use of matrix elements of A. It is ideal for applications in which A only exists in the form of a matrix vector multiplication routine, and in which the process of extracting matrix elements of A is costly. The proposed algorithm takes advantage of the fact that for many linear systems arising from signal or image processing applications, eigenvectors of A can be well represented by a small number of Fourier modes. Therefore, the construction of C can be carried out in the frequency domain by carefully choosing the eigenvalues of C so that the condition number of C(T)AC can be reduced significantly. We illustrate how to construct the spectrum of C in a way that allows the smallest eigenvalues of C(T)AC to overlap with those of A extremely well while making the largest eigenvalues of C(T)AC several orders of magnitude smaller than those of A. Numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the preconditioner on accelerating the solution of linear systems arising from image reconstruction applications. Copyright (C) 2004 John Wiley Sons, Ltd. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Texas, Sch Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Yang, C (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,Mail Stop 50F-1650, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM cyang@lbl.gov; Pawel.A.Penczek@uth.tmc.edu NR 26 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 1070-5325 J9 NUMER LINEAR ALGEBR JI Numer. Linear Algebr. Appl. PD OCT-NOV PY 2004 VL 11 IS 8-9 BP 773 EP 793 DI 10.1002/nla.346 PG 21 WC Mathematics, Applied; Mathematics SC Mathematics GA 862SG UT WOS:000224510600005 ER PT J AU Warsa, JS Benzi, M Wareing, TA Morel, JE AF Warsa, JS Benzi, M Wareing, TA Morel, JE TI Preconditioning a mixed discontinuous finite element method for radiation diffusion SO NUMERICAL LINEAR ALGEBRA WITH APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Proconditioning Techniques for Large Sparse Matrix Problems CY APR 29-MAY 01, 2001 CL Tahoe City, CA DE radiation diffusion; mixed discontinuous finite element method; indefinite matrices; two-level preconditioning; preconditioned Krylov subspace methods; inner-outer iteration ID NONSYMMETRIC LINEAR-SYSTEMS; SADDLE-POINT PROBLEMS; SYNTHETIC ACCELERATION; INDEFINITE SYSTEMS; ELLIPTIC PROBLEMS; EQUATIONS; GMRES; ALGORITHMS; INEXACT AB We propose a multilevel preconditioning strategy for the iterative solution of large sparse linear systems arising from a finite element discretization of the radiation diffusion equations. In particular, these equations are solved using a mixed finite element scheme in order to make the discretization discontinuous, which is imposed by the application in which the diffusion equation will be embedded. The essence of the preconditioner is to use a continuous finite element discretization of the original, elliptic diffusion equation for preconditioning the discontinuous equations. We have found that this preconditioner is very effective and makes the iterative solution of the discontinuous diffusion equations practical for large problems. This approach should be applicable to discontinuous discretizations of other elliptic equations. We show how our preconditioner is developed and applied to radiation diffusion problems Oil unstructured, tetrahedral meshes and show numerical results that illustrate its effectiveness. Published in 2004 by John Wiley Sons, Ltd. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Transport Methods Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Emory Univ, Dept Math & Comp Sci, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Warsa, JS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Transport Methods Grp, CCS-4-MS D409, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM warsa@lanl.gov NR 35 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 1070-5325 J9 NUMER LINEAR ALGEBR JI Numer. Linear Algebr. Appl. PD OCT-NOV PY 2004 VL 11 IS 8-9 BP 795 EP 811 DI 10.1002/nla.347 PG 17 WC Mathematics, Applied; Mathematics SC Mathematics GA 862SG UT WOS:000224510600006 ER PT J AU Vuong, LT Buchholz, BA Lame, MW Dueker, SR AF Vuong, LT Buchholz, BA Lame, MW Dueker, SR TI Phytochemical research using accelerator mass spectrometry SO NUTRITION REVIEWS LA English DT Review DE accelerator mass spectrometry; AMS; carbon-14; kinetics; phytochemical ID HETEROCYCLIC AMINE CARCINOGENS; LC-APCI-MS; BETA-CAROTENE; ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL; VITAMIN-E; HUMAN URINE; ATRAZINE METABOLITES; FUNCTIONAL FOODS; FOLIC-ACID; LONG-TERM AB Vegetables and fruits provide an array of micro-chemicals in the form of vitamins and secondary metabolites (phytochemicals) that may lower the risk of chronic disease. Tracing these phytochemicals at physiologic concentrations has been hindered by a lack of quantitative sensitivity for chemically equivalent tracers that could be used safely in healthy people. Accelerator mass spectrometry is a relatively new technique that provides the necessary sensitivity (in attomoles) and measurement precision (< 3%) towards C-14-labeled phytochemicals for detailed kinetic studies in humans at dietary levels. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Mol Biosci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Vitalea Sci Inc, Davis, CA USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Vuong, LT (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, 3135 Meyer Hall,1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM srdueker@ucdavis.edu RI Buchholz, Bruce/G-1356-2011 NR 54 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU INT LIFE SCIENCES INST NORTH AMERICA PI WASHINGTON PA ONE THOMAS CIRCLE, N W, 9TH FLOOR, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0029-6643 J9 NUTR REV JI Nutr. Rev. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 62 IS 10 BP 375 EP 388 DI 10.1301/nr.2004.oct.375-388 PG 14 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 903ON UT WOS:000227435500002 ER PT J AU Loik, ME Breshears, DD Lauenroth, WK Belnap, J AF Loik, ME Breshears, DD Lauenroth, WK Belnap, J TI A multi-scale perspective of water pulses in dryland ecosystems: climatology and ecohydrology of the western USA SO OECOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE drought duration; El Nino Southern Oscillation; evapotranspiration; infiltration depth; Pacific Decadal Oscillation ID NORTH-AMERICAN MONSOON; UNITED-STATES; SEMIARID WOODLAND; SOIL-MOISTURE; ROCKY-MOUNTAINS; EL-NINO; WARMING MANIPULATION; SOUTHERN OSCILLATION; ARTEMISIA-TRIDENTATA; CHIHUAHUAN DESERT AB In dryland ecosystems, the timing and magnitude of precipitation pulses drive many key ecological processes, notably soil water availability for plants and soil microbiota. Plant available water has frequently been viewed simply as incoming precipitation, yet processes at larger scales drive precipitation pulses, and the subsequent transformation of precipitation pulses to plant available water are complex. We provide an overview of the factors that influence the spatial and temporal availability of water to plants and soil biota using examples from western USA drylands. Large spatial- and temporal-scale drivers of regional precipitation patterns include the position of the jet streams and frontal boundaries, the North American Monsoon, El Nino Southern Oscillation events, and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation. Topography and orography modify the patterns set up by the larger-scale drivers, resulting in regional patterns (10(2)-10(6) km(2)) of precipitation magnitude, timing, and variation. Together, the large-scale and regional drivers impose important pulsed patterns on long-term precipitation trends at landscape scales, in which most site precipitation is received as small events (<5 mm) and with most of the intervals between events being short (<10 days). The drivers also influence the translation of precipitation events into available water via linkages between soil water content and components of the water budget, including interception, infiltration and runoff, soil evaporation, plant water use and hydraulic redistribution, and seepage below the rooting zone. Soil water content varies not only vertically with depth but also horizontally beneath versus between plants and/or soil crusts in ways that are ecologically important to different plant and crust types. We highlight the importance of considering larger-scale drivers, and their effects on regional patterns; small, frequent precipitation events; and spatio-temporal heterogeneity in soil water content in translating from climatology to precipitation pulses to the dryland ecohydrology of water availability for plants and soil biota. C1 Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Environm Studies, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Colorado State Univ, Dept Rangeland Ecosyst Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. US Geol Survey, Moab, UT 84532 USA. RP Loik, ME (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Environm Studies, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. EM mloik@ucsc.edu RI Breshears, David/B-9318-2009 OI Breshears, David/0000-0001-6601-0058 NR 72 TC 248 Z9 291 U1 15 U2 158 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0029-8549 J9 OECOLOGIA JI Oecologia PD OCT PY 2004 VL 141 IS 2 BP 269 EP 281 DI 10.1007/s00442-004-1570-y PG 13 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 862YU UT WOS:000224528200007 PM 15138879 ER PT J AU Patra, A Baker, GA Baker, SN AF Patra, A Baker, GA Baker, SN TI Synthesis and luminescence study of Eu3+ in Zn2SiO4 nanocrystals SO OPTICAL MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID UP-CONVERSION LUMINESCENCE; REVERSE MICELLES; ER3+-ZRO2 NANOCRYSTALS; GEL SYNTHESIS; PHOSPHORS; FILMS; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; FLUORESCENCE; TEMPERATURE; PARTICLES AB The sol-emulsion-gel method is used for the preparation of Eu3+ doped Zn2SiO4 nanoparticles. The luminescence spectra at 613 nm (D-5(0) --> F-7(2)) and lifetime of the excited state of Eu3+ ions doped Zn2SiO4 nanocrystals are also found to be sensitive to the concentration (0.25-2.5 mol%) of ions. In case of 1000 degreesC annealed sample (0.25 mol% Eu3+) showed the single component decay of 2.02 ms. However, with increasing the concentration the decay is biexponential. We attribute this to an inter-ion exchange interaction wherein the more rapid decay is due to pair or cluster formation and the longer-lived emission originates from isolated ions within the insulating host. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Cent Glass & Ceram Res Inst, Sol Gel Div, Kolkata 700032, W Bengal, India. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Patra, A (reprint author), Cent Glass & Ceram Res Inst, Sol Gel Div, Kolkata 700032, W Bengal, India. EM apatra@cgcri.res.in RI Baker, Gary/H-9444-2016 OI Baker, Gary/0000-0002-3052-7730 NR 28 TC 31 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-3467 EI 1873-1252 J9 OPT MATER JI Opt. Mater. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 27 IS 1 BP 15 EP 20 DI 10.1016/j.optmat.2004.01.003 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics SC Materials Science; Optics GA 863QV UT WOS:000224577700003 ER PT J AU Pang, JS Leyffer, S AF Pang, JS Leyffer, S TI On the global minimization of the value-at-risk SO OPTIMIZATION METHODS & SOFTWARE LA English DT Article DE value-at-risk; linear program with equilibrium constraints; smoothing; branch-and-cut ID LINEAR COMPLEMENTARITY CONSTRAINTS; MATHEMATICAL PROGRAMS; EQUILIBRIUM CONSTRAINTS; OPTIMIZATION; CONVERGENCE; ALGORITHM AB In this article, we consider the nonconvex minimization problem of the value-at-risk (VaR) that arise from financial risk analysis. By considering this problem as a special linear program (LP) with linear complementarity constraints (a bilevel LP to be more precise), we develop upper and lower bounds for the minimum VaR and show how the combined bounding procedures can be used to compute the latter value to global optimality. A numerical example is provided to illustrate the methodology. C1 Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Math Sci, Troy, NY 12180 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Pang, JS (reprint author), Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Math Sci, Troy, NY 12180 USA. EM pangj@rpi.edu NR 42 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1055-6788 J9 OPTIM METHOD SOFTW JI Optim. Method Softw. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 19 IS 5 BP 611 EP 631 DI 10.1080/10556780410001704911 PG 21 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics GA 863KO UT WOS:000224560700011 ER PT J AU Anderson-Cook, CM Goldfarb, HB Borror, CM Montgomery, DC Canter, KG Twist, JN AF Anderson-Cook, CM Goldfarb, HB Borror, CM Montgomery, DC Canter, KG Twist, JN TI Mixture and mixture process variable experiments for pharmaceutical applications SO PHARMACEUTICAL STATISTICS LA English DT Article DE analysis of variance; design of experiments; mixture experiments; response surface methodology; Scheffe model; unconstrained and constrained regions ID STATISTICAL TECHNIQUES; FORMULATION; SOLUBILITY; DESIGN; SYSTEMS AB Many experiments in research and development in the pharmaceutical industry involve mixture components. These are experiments in which the experimental factors are the ingredients of a mixture and the response variable is a function of the relative proportion of each ingredient, not its absolute amount. Thus the mixture ingredients cannot be varied independently. A common variation of the mixture experiment occurs when there are also one or more process factors that can be varied independently of each other and of the mixture components, leading to a mixture process variable experiment. We discuss the design and analysis of these types of experiments, using tablet formulation as an example. Our objective is to encourage greater utilization of these techniques in pharmaceutical research and development. Copyright (C) 2004 John Wiley Sons Ltd. C1 Arizona State Univ, Dept Ind Engn, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60680 USA. RP Montgomery, DC (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Dept Ind Engn, POB 5906, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. EM doug.montgomery@asu.edu NR 12 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 7 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 1539-1604 J9 PHARM STAT JI Pharm. Stat. PD OCT-DEC PY 2004 VL 3 IS 4 BP 247 EP 260 DI 10.1002/pst.138 PG 14 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Statistics & Probability SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Mathematics GA 881MW UT WOS:000225872600003 ER PT J AU Schreuer, J Steurer, W Lograsso, TA Wu, D AF Schreuer, J Steurer, W Lograsso, TA Wu, D TI Elastic properties of icosahedral i-Cd84Yb16 and hexagonal h-Cd51Yb14 SO PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE LETTERS LA English DT Article ID QUASI-CRYSTAL; BRILLOUIN-SCATTERING; APPROXIMANT; ISOTROPY; MODULI; CO AB The elastic constants, their temperature and pressure derivatives, and coefficients of thermal expansion of the icosahedral quasicrystal i-Cd84Yb16 and of the hexagonal phase h-Cd51Yb14 have been studied by resonant ultrasound spectroscopy, conventional ultrasonic resonance techniques and dilatometry, respectively. The elastic properties of both phases are very similar although they are structurally not related. Contrary to the assumption often found in quasicrystal literature, the similarity of particular physical properties is not necessarily an indication for structural similarity. Further, a first-order phase transition at about 111 K has been observed in h-Cd51Yb14 as indicated by a reversible discontinuity in the thermal expansion. C1 Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Inst Mineral & Kristallog, D-60054 Frankfurt, Germany. ETH, Crystallog Lab, Dept Mat, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Steurer, W (reprint author), Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Inst Mineral & Kristallog, D-60054 Frankfurt, Germany. EM steurer@mat.ethz.ch RI Schreuer, Juergen/F-7843-2011; Steurer, Walter/A-3278-2008; Steurer, Walter/B-6929-2008 OI Steurer, Walter/0000-0003-0211-7088 NR 25 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0950-0839 EI 1362-3036 J9 PHIL MAG LETT JI Philos. Mag. Lett. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 84 IS 10 BP 643 EP 653 DI 10.1080/09500830512331329132 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics GA 888NR UT WOS:000226382000004 ER PT J AU Thompson, JD Sarrao, JL Morales, LA Wastin, F Boulet, P AF Thompson, JD Sarrao, JL Morales, LA Wastin, F Boulet, P TI Superconductors containing Pu : PuCoGa5 and related systems SO PHYSICA C-SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th International Symposium on Superconductivity (ISS 2003) CY OCT 27-29, 2003 CL Tsukuba, JAPAN SP Int Superconduct Technol Ctr DE PuCoGa5; PuRhGa5; superconductivity ID TRANSITION-TEMPERATURE; PLUTONIUM AB PuCoGa5 is the first Pu-based superconductor and has a superconducting transition temperature, T-c = 18.5 K, that is exceeded by only a small number of other intermetallic compounds. The normal and superconducting state properties of PuCoGa5, when considered in the context of the isostructural family of unconventional superconductors CeMIn5, suggest that superconductivity in it as well as in recently discovered PuRhGa5 is unconventional. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. European Commiss, JRC, Inst Transuranium Elements, D-76125 Karlsruhe, Germany. RP Thompson, JD (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM jdt@lanl.gov RI BOULET, Pascal/D-6494-2011 OI BOULET, Pascal/0000-0003-0684-4397 NR 23 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD OCT PY 2004 VL 412 BP 10 EP 13 DI 10.1016/j.physc.2003.11.061 PN 1 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 865OC UT WOS:000224711400004 ER PT J AU Lanzara, A AF Lanzara, A TI Nodal vs antinodal quasiparticles in optimally doped Bi2212 superconductor SO PHYSICA C-SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th International Symposium on Superconductivity (ISS 2003) CY OCT 27-29, 2003 CL Tsukuba, JAPAN SP Int Superconduct Technol Ctr DE quasiparticles; Bi2212 superconductors ID NEUTRON-SCATTERING; LINE-SHAPE; DISPERSION; BI2SR2CACU2O8+DELTA; YBA2CU3O7; PHONONS AB High resolution angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) is used to study the temperature and momentum dependence of the quasiparticle dispersion in optimally doped Bi2212 superconductors. Coupling to bosonic excitations, manifested in the form of a kink in the dispersion, are reported at the nodal and antinodal region. Difference and similarities between the nodal and antinodal kink structure are discussed and coupling to phonon modes is presented as possible explanation. (C) 2004 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM alanzara@lbl.gov NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 EI 1873-2143 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD OCT PY 2004 VL 412 BP 46 EP 50 DI 10.1016/j.physc.2004.01.154 PN 1 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 865OC UT WOS:000224711400011 ER PT J AU Pintschovius, L Endoh, Y Reznik, D Hiraka, H Tranquada, J Reichardt, W Bourges, P Sidis, Y Uchiyama, H Masui, T Tajima, S AF Pintschovius, L Endoh, Y Reznik, D Hiraka, H Tranquada, J Reichardt, W Bourges, P Sidis, Y Uchiyama, H Masui, T Tajima, S TI Neutron scattering study of charge fluctuations and spin fluctuations in optimally doped YBa2Cu3O6.95 SO PHYSICA C-SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th International Symposium on Superconductivity (ISS 2003) CY OCT 27-29, 2003 CL Tsukuba, JAPAN SP Int Superconduct Technol Ctr DE stripe order; phonons; spin fluctuations; YBa2CU3O7 ID T-C; SUPERCONDUCTORS; MAGNETISM; SPECTRUM AB Inelastic neutron scattering investigations on optimally doped YBCO revealed a very pronounced temperature dependence of the Cu-O in-plane bond-stretching vibrations along the (0 1 0)-direction: a downward shift of spectral weight with decreasing temperature by at least 10 meV in a narrow range of wave vectors halfway to the zone boundary. The temperature evolution starts around 200 K, well above the superconducting transition temperature. This phonon anomaly provides strong evidence for large electron-phonon coupling. It also indicates an incipient charge density wave instability within the CuO2 planes reminiscent of dynamical charge stripes. The magnetic fluctuations have been investigated in great detail on the same sample. Incommensurate spin fluctuations have been observed for energies both below and above the energy of the resonance peak at E = 41 meV. However, the dispersive nature of these fluctuations as well as their apparent isotropy in the basal plane speak against an interpretation of the spin fluctuation spectrum in the framework of the classical stripe phase picture. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Inst Festkorperphys, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany. Tohoku Univ, Inst Mat Res, Aoba Ku, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan. CEA, CNRS, Leon Brillouin Lab, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. ISTEC, Superconduct Res Lab, Koutu Ku, Tokyo 1350062, Japan. RP Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Inst Festkorperphys, POB 3640, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany. EM pini@ifp.fzk.de RI Tranquada, John/A-9832-2009; OI Tranquada, John/0000-0003-4984-8857; REZNIK, DMITRY/0000-0001-5749-8549 NR 23 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 EI 1873-2143 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD OCT PY 2004 VL 412 BP 70 EP 75 DI 10.1016/j.physc.2004.01.065 PN 1 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 865OC UT WOS:000224711400015 ER PT J AU Kwok, WK Xiao, ZL Welp, U Rydh, A Vlasko-Vlasov, V Novosad, V AF Kwok, WK Xiao, ZL Welp, U Rydh, A Vlasko-Vlasov, V Novosad, V TI Commensurate vortex pinning in Nb films patterned onto anodized aluminum oxide SO PHYSICA C-SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th International Symposium on Superconductivity (ISS 2003) CY OCT 27-29, 2003 CL Tsukuba, JAPAN SP Int Superconduct Technol Ctr DE superconductivity; vortex pinning; nanosuperconductivity ID COLUMNAR DEFECTS; REGULAR ARRAYS; FLUX; LATTICE AB Anodic aluminum oxide templates containing extended arrays of holes with similar to 30-nm diameter and approximately 128-nm spacing were sputter-coated with Nb. We find pronounced matching effects in the transport and magnetization measurements beyond 4 kOe. In addition, we observe Little-Parks oscillations of the superconducting critical temperature. We compare the flux pinning in the patterned samples to unpatterned reference samples and find a significant enhancement of the critical current. Published by Elsevier B.V.. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM wkwok@anl.gov RI Novosad, Valentyn/C-2018-2014; Rydh, Andreas/A-7068-2012; Novosad, V /J-4843-2015 OI Rydh, Andreas/0000-0001-6641-4861; NR 21 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 EI 1873-2143 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD OCT PY 2004 VL 412 BP 347 EP 351 DI 10.1016/j.physc.2004.01.054 PN 1 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 865OC UT WOS:000224711400075 ER PT J AU Bending, SJ Grigorenko, AN Crisan, IA Cole, D Koshelev, AE Clem, JR Tamegai, T Ooi, S AF Bending, SJ Grigorenko, AN Crisan, IA Cole, D Koshelev, AE Clem, JR Tamegai, T Ooi, S TI Interacting crossing vortex lattices in the presence of quenched disorder SO PHYSICA C-SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th International Symposium on Superconductivity (ISS 2003) CY OCT 27-29, 2003 CL Tsukuba, JAPAN SP Int Superconduct Technol Ctr DE layered superconductors; vortices; crossing lattices; vortex pumps ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS; LAYERED SUPERCONDUCTORS; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; CHAIN STATE; BI2SR2CACU2O8+DELTA; ANISOTROPY; SURFACE; LINE AB We have used high resolution scanning Hall probe microscopy (SHPM) to study vortex structures in the interacting crossing lattices regime of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta (BSCCO) single crystals under independently applied H-c and H-parallel to fields. At very low c-axis fields we observe a novel ID vortex chain state where all pancake vortex (PV) stacks become trapped on underlying stacks of Josephson vortices (JVs). In this regime distortions of the JV lattice, induced by varying H-parallel to, enable the indirect manipulation of PVs trapped on them. Preliminary results of experiments are presented in which we have attempted to realise a vortex 'lens' based on this vortex 'pump' principle. The existence of 1D vortex chains also explains many of the features observed in the magnetisation of BSCCO under strongly tilted magnetic fields. Finally we demonstrate how the presence of quenched disorder leads to indirect JV pinning via interactions with weakly pinned PV stacks and show how fragmentation of both PV and JV stacks can occur when stacks of JVs 'decorated' with PVs are forced abruptly through regions of disorder. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Bath, Dept Phys, Bath BA2 7AY, Avon, England. Univ Manchester, Dept Phys & Astron, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Univ Tokyo, Dept Appl Phys, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1138627, Japan. CREST, Japan Sci & Technol Corp, Tokyo, Japan. RP Bending, SJ (reprint author), Univ Bath, Dept Phys, Bath BA2 7AY, Avon, England. EM pyssb@bath.ac.uk RI Tamegai, Tsuyoshi /C-6656-2011; Koshelev, Alexei/K-3971-2013 OI Koshelev, Alexei/0000-0002-1167-5906 NR 16 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD OCT PY 2004 VL 412 BP 372 EP 378 DI 10.1016/j.physc.2004.01.058 PN 1 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 865OC UT WOS:000224711400080 ER PT J AU Arendt, PN Foltyn, SR Civale, L DePaula, RF Dowden, PC Groves, JR Holesinger, TG Jia, QX Kreiskott, S Stan, L Usov, I Wang, H Coulter, JY AF Arendt, PN Foltyn, SR Civale, L DePaula, RF Dowden, PC Groves, JR Holesinger, TG Jia, QX Kreiskott, S Stan, L Usov, I Wang, H Coulter, JY TI High critical current YBCO coated conductors based on IBAD MgO SO PHYSICA C-SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th International Symposium on Superconductivity (ISS 2003) CY OCT 27-29, 2003 CL Tsukuba, JAPAN SP Int Superconduct Technol Ctr DE YBCO coated conductor; ion-beam assisted deposition; biaxial texture ID BEAM-ASSISTED DEPOSITION; TEMPLATE LAYERS; FILMS; DIFFUSION; HASTELLOY AB This report describes recent developments of second-generation Y1Ba2Cu3O7-delta (YBCO) coated conductors deposited on biaxially textured MgO templates. The materials system architecture implemented to achieve high critical currents in YBCO films is described. The average full-width at half maximum (FWHM) in-plane texture obtained for MgO films processed on meter-length tapes is 7degrees, while that for the YBCO films is 3degrees. The best YBCO in-plane values approach 2degrees and the out-of-plane values approach 1degrees. Critical currents (1 cm wide tapes, 75 K, self field) have attained 423 A for 7 cm length and 233 A for 50 cm length tapes. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Superconduct Technol Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Arendt, PN (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Superconduct Technol Ctr, POB 1663,MS K763, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM arendt@lanl.gov RI Jia, Q. X./C-5194-2008; Wang, Haiyan/P-3550-2014 OI Wang, Haiyan/0000-0002-7397-1209 NR 20 TC 47 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD OCT PY 2004 VL 412 BP 795 EP 800 DI 10.1016/j.physc.2003.12.074 PN 2 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 865OD UT WOS:000224711500001 ER PT J AU Rupich, MW Zhang, W Li, X Kodenkandath, T Verebelyi, DT Schoop, U Thieme, C Teplitsky, M Lynch, J Nguyen, N Siegal, E Scudiere, J Maroni, V Venkataraman, K Miller, D Holesinger, TG AF Rupich, MW Zhang, W Li, X Kodenkandath, T Verebelyi, DT Schoop, U Thieme, C Teplitsky, M Lynch, J Nguyen, N Siegal, E Scudiere, J Maroni, V Venkataraman, K Miller, D Holesinger, TG TI Progress on MOD/RABiTS (TM) 2G HTS wire SO PHYSICA C-SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th International Symposium on Superconductivity (ISS 2003) CY OCT 27-29, 2003 CL Tsukuba, JAPAN SP Int Superconduct Technol Ctr DE superconducting wires; second generation; YBCO ID BEAM-ASSISTED DEPOSITION; YBCO-COATED CONDUCTORS; BUFFER LAYERS; THIN-FILMS; MGO; PERFORMANCE; TAPES; GROWTH AB The development of the second generation (2G) high temperature superconducting wire has advanced beyond initial laboratory demonstrations and is now focused on developing and testing high critical current conductor designs required for commercial applications. The approach pursued at American Superconductor for 2G wire manufacturing is based on the combination of the RABiTSTI substrate-buffer technology with metal organic deposition (MOD) of the YBCO layer. This MOD/RABiTS(TM) approach has been demonstrated in 10 in lengths with critical currents of up to 184 A/cm-width (similar to2.3 MA/cm(2)) and in short length with critical currents of up to 270 A/cm-width (similar to3.4 MA/cm(2)). In addition to a high critical current, the superconducting wire must also meet stringent mechanical and electrical stability requirements that vary by application. Commercially viable architectures designed to meet these specifications have been fabricated and tested. Wires manufactured by this process have been successfully tested in prototype cable and coil applications. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Amer Supercond Corp, Westborough, MA 01581 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Rupich, MW (reprint author), Amer Supercond Corp, 2 Technol Dr, Westborough, MA 01581 USA. EM mrupich@amsuper.com NR 27 TC 57 Z9 60 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD OCT PY 2004 VL 412 BP 877 EP 884 DI 10.1016/j.physc.2004.02.202 PN 2 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 865OD UT WOS:000224711500016 ER PT J AU Civale, L Maiorov, B Serquis, A Foltyn, SR Jia, QX Arendt, PN Wang, H Willis, JO Coulter, JY Holesinger, TG MacManus-Driscoll, JL Rupich, MW Zhang, W Li, X AF Civale, L Maiorov, B Serquis, A Foltyn, SR Jia, QX Arendt, PN Wang, H Willis, JO Coulter, JY Holesinger, TG MacManus-Driscoll, JL Rupich, MW Zhang, W Li, X TI Influence of crystalline texture on vortex pinning near the ab-plane in YBa2Cu3O7 thin films and coated conductors SO PHYSICA C-SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th International Symposium on Superconductivity (ISS 2003) CY OCT 27-29, 2003 CL Tsukuba, JAPAN SP Int Superconduct Technol Ctr DE superconductivity; thin films; critical current; coated superconductors ID CRITICAL-CURRENT-DENSITY; COLUMNAR DEFECTS; CRITICAL CURRENTS; SUPERCONDUCTORS; DEPENDENCE; ANISOTROPY; THICKNESS; MOTION; SPLAY AB We present a study of the sharp peak that develops near the ab-plane orientation in the angular dependent critical current of YBa2Cu3O7 (YBCO) films. This peak arises from correlated pinning associated to intrinsic pinning by the layered structure of the YBCO, and from extended planar defects. We measure films produced by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) and metal organic deposition (MOD) on ion beam assisted deposition-MgO, and by PLD on single crystalline substrates. We show that the width and height of the peak increases with the out-of-plane mosaic spread of the films. We discuss the implications of the different structures (columnar and laminar respectively) of the PLD and MOD films. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Superconduct Technol Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Cambridge, Dept Mat Sci & Met, Cambridge CB2 3QZ, England. Amer Superconductor, Westborough, MA 01581 USA. RP Civale, L (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Superconduct Technol Ctr, MS K763, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM lcivale@lanl.gov RI Jia, Q. X./C-5194-2008; Wang, Haiyan/P-3550-2014; Serquis, Adriana/L-6554-2015; OI Wang, Haiyan/0000-0002-7397-1209; Serquis, Adriana/0000-0003-1499-4782; Maiorov, Boris/0000-0003-1885-0436 NR 18 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 2 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD OCT PY 2004 VL 412 BP 976 EP 982 DI 10.1016/j.physc.2003.12.076 PN 2 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 865OD UT WOS:000224711500035 ER PT J AU Coulter, JY Willis, JO Maley, MP Ullmann, JL AF Coulter, JY Willis, JO Maley, MP Ullmann, JL TI Improved critical currents in a Bi-2223/Ag coil using splayed columnar defects SO PHYSICA C-SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th International Symposium on Superconductivity (ISS 2003) CY OCT 27-29, 2003 CL Tsukuba, JAPAN SP Int Superconduct Technol Ctr DE flux pinning; critical currents; Bi-based superconductor; proton irradiation ID CRITICAL-CURRENT DENSITIES; 0.8 GEV PROTONS; FISSION TRACKS; TAPES; IRRADIATION; ENHANCEMENT AB We have irradiated a double pancake coil of Bi-2223/Ag sheathed tape with high energy protons, which yield splayed columnar defects in the superconductor core of the tape. We report the critical current I-c and current-voltage power law n value as a function of magnetic field at temperatures of 75-64 K for the coil and for a short sample taken from the coil. A novel apparatus using permanent magnets is used to apply a magnetic field in the coil radial direction. Both the coil and short sample show a strong enhancement in I, for magnetic fields along the c axis (tape normal or radial direction for the coil) compared to the performance of unirradiated tape. These results represent the first time a real superconducting device has been irradiated with high energy protons for the purpose of introducing splayed columnar defects to enhance performance. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Willis, JO (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mail Stop K763,MST-STC, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM jwillis@lanl.gov NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD OCT PY 2004 VL 412 BP 1079 EP 1084 DI 10.1016/j.physc.2004.01.115 PN 2 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 865OD UT WOS:000224711500053 ER PT J AU Bulzacchelli, JF Lee, HS Misewich, JA Ketchen, MB AF Bulzacchelli, JF Lee, HS Misewich, JA Ketchen, MB TI Development of superconducting bandpass delta-sigma analog-to-digital converter SO PHYSICA C-SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th International Symposium on Superconductivity (ISS 2003) CY OCT 27-29, 2003 CL Tsukuba, JAPAN SP Int Superconduct Technol Ctr DE analog-to-digital converter (ADC); bandpass delta-sigma modulator; Josephson junction; superconducting electronics (subject index); niobium (materials index) ID RSFQ CIRCUITS AB This paper recounts the development of a superconducting bandpass delta-sigma (DeltaSigma) modulator for direct analog-to-digital conversion of radio frequency signals in the GHz range. The modulator design benefits from several advantages of superconducting electronics: high-Q resonators, fast Josephson comparators, naturally quantized single flux quantum pulses, and high circuit sensitivity. The measured center frequency (2.23 GHz), sampling rate (up to 45 GHz), dynamic range (greater than 57 dB over a 19.6 MHz bandwidth), and input sensitivity (-17.4 dBm full-scale) of the bandpass modulator are the highest reported to date in any technology. The SNR (49 dB over a 20.8 MHz bandwidth) is limited by the frequency resolution of the measurement but still exceeds the SNRs of semiconductor modulators with comparable center frequencies. The design of the modulator test chip and the high speed testing methodology are reviewed. Finally, the paper examines the prospects for improved performance with more advanced modulator architectures. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 IBM Corp, Div Res, TJ Watson Res Ctr, Yorktown Hts, NY 10598 USA. MIT, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Mat Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Bulzacchelli, JF (reprint author), IBM Corp, Div Res, TJ Watson Res Ctr, Room 40-103,POB 218, Yorktown Hts, NY 10598 USA. EM jfbulz@us.ibm.com NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD OCT PY 2004 VL 412 BP 1539 EP 1545 DI 10.1016/j.physc.2004.01.156 PN 2 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 865OD UT WOS:000224711500143 ER PT J AU Bhattacharya, RN Spagnol, P Miao, HP Marken, K Willis, JO AF Bhattacharya, RN Spagnol, P Miao, HP Marken, K Willis, JO TI Nanoparticle incorporated superconductor Bi-2212 tapes SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI A-APPLIED RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID FABRICATION; WIRES AB Nonvacuum dip-coating techniques were used to prepare Bi-2212 tapes on Ag/Ni clad substrates. The Bi-2212 tapes were doped with MgO nanoparticles at varying concentrations to obtain improved flux pinning. The tapes were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron micrography (SEM), and transport measurements. We observed a more than 33% improvement of the critical current density J(c) at 4 K, self field, for the tape incorporating MgO nanoparticles. We also observed improved J(c) values for MgO-doped tape at high field-as much as 60% at 3 T for magnetic field angles near the c-axis direction, which indicates enhanced flux pinning by the MgO nanoparticles. (C) 2004 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co- KGaA, Weinheim. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Oxford Instrument, Carteret, NJ 07008 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Bhattacharya, RN (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM raghu_bhattacharya@nrel.gov NR 8 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0031-8965 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI A JI Phys. Status Solidi A-Appl. Res. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 201 IS 13 BP 2880 EP 2885 DI 10.1002/pssa.200406858 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 868HR UT WOS:000224905200006 ER PT J AU Lee, SJ Yu, ACC Lo, CCH Fan, M AF Lee, SJ Yu, ACC Lo, CCH Fan, M TI Optical properties of monodispersive FePt nanoparticle films SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI A-APPLIED RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID ARRAYS; COPT AB The optical properties of monodispersive FePt nanoparticle films were investigated using spectroscopic ellipsometry in the energy range of 1.5 to 5.5 eV. The monodispersive FePt nanoparticle film was stabilized on a Si substrate by means of an organosilane coupling film, resulting in the formation of a (Si/SiO2/APTS/FePt nanoparticles monolayer) structure. Multilayer optical models were employed to study the contribution of the FePt nanoparticles to the measured optical properties of the monodispersive FePt nanoparticle film, and to estimate the optical properties of the FePt nanoparticle layer. (C) 2004 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Sony Corp, Sendai Technol Ctr, Sendai, Miyagi 9850842, Japan. Iowa State Univ, Ctr Sustainable Environm Technol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Lee, SJ (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM sjlee@ameslab.gov NR 15 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 4 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0031-8965 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI A JI Phys. Status Solidi A-Appl. Res. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 201 IS 13 BP 3031 EP 3036 DI 10.1002/pssa.200406866 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 868HR UT WOS:000224905200025 ER PT J AU Chang, SY Pandharipande, VR Carlson, J Schmidt, KE AF Chang, SY Pandharipande, VR Carlson, J Schmidt, KE TI Quantum Monte Carlo studies of superfluid Fermi gases SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATE; HARD-SPHERE; SYSTEMS; ATOMS AB We report results of quantum Monte Carlo calculations of the ground state of dilute Fermi gases with attractive short-range two-body interactions. The strength of the interaction is varied to study different pairing regimes which are characterized by the product of the s-wave scattering length and the Fermi wave vector, ak(F), We report results for the ground-state energy, the pairing gap Delta, and the quasiparticle spectrum. In the weak-coupling regime, 1/ak(F)<-1, we obtain Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) superfluid and the energy gap &UDelta; is much smaller than the Fermi gas energy E-FG. When a> 0, the interaction is strong enough to form bound molecules with energy E-mol. For 1/ak(F)greater than or similar to0.5, we find that weakly interacting composite bosons are formed in the superfluid gas with Delta and gas energy per particle approaching E-mol//2. In this region, we seem to have Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) of molecules. The behavior of the energy and the gap in the BCS-to-BEC transition region, -0.5<1/ak(F)<0.5, is discussed. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Arizona State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. RP Chang, SY (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, 1110 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. NR 25 TC 168 Z9 169 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 4 AR 043602 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.70.043602 PG 11 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 874AE UT WOS:000225322500079 ER PT J AU Jaecks, DH Yenen, O McLaughlin, KW Canton, S Bozek, JD Downsbrough, M AF Jaecks, DH Yenen, O McLaughlin, KW Canton, S Bozek, JD Downsbrough, M TI Giant spin-orbit interactions in argon photoionization SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article AB We have measured the relative cross sections for quartet and doublet satellite states of Ar+ formed in photoionization. Quartet states are dipole forbidden in the nonrelativistic limit and result from spin-orbit interactions in the continuum [H. W. Van der Hart and C. H. Greene, J. Phys. B 32, 4029 (1999)]. Because of this, the cross sections for their formation are generally thought to be smaller than the dipole-allowed doublet states. We find that the cross sections for the 3p(4)[P-3]4p D-4(1/2)o and 3p(4)[P-3]4p D-4(3/2)o quartet states over certain energy regions are 16 to 30 times larger than doublet states. This counterintuitive result remains to be theoretically explained. C1 Univ Nebraska, Behlen Lab Phys, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. Loras Coll, Dept Phys & Engn, Dubuque, IA 52004 USA. Western Michigan Univ, Dept Phys, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Jaecks, DH (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Behlen Lab Phys, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. RI Bozek, John/E-4689-2010; Bozek, John/E-9260-2010; Canton, Sophie/A-8432-2016 OI Bozek, John/0000-0001-7486-7238; NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 4 AR 040703 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.70.040703 PG 3 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 874AE UT WOS:000225322500006 ER PT J AU Krstic, PS Macek, JH Ovchinnikov, SY Schultz, DR AF Krstic, PS Macek, JH Ovchinnikov, SY Schultz, DR TI Analysis of structures in the cross sections for elastic scattering and spin exchange in low-energy H++H collisions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID PROTON COLLISIONS; ATOMS AB Elastic scattering and spin exchange cross sections in H++H collisions are computed using accurate adiabatic potential curves for the center-of-mass energy range 10(-4) < E < 100 eV. Both cross sections show considerable structure which necessitates computation on a fine energy grid to resolve them. We analyze the structures using a comparison equation method to find the poles of the scattering matrix in the complex energy plane. We show that many features of the cross sections can be correlated with these poles and tabulate the positions of the most important poles. Finding stationary phases in the partial wave cross sections, we also explain in all details the glory oscillations of the elastic cross section that extends below 100 eV down to the lowest energies. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Krstic, PS (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Ovchinnikov, Serguei/C-4994-2014 NR 23 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 4 AR 042711 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.70.042711 PG 10 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 874AE UT WOS:000225322500055 ER PT J AU Somma, R Ortiz, G Barnum, H Knill, E Viola, L AF Somma, R Ortiz, G Barnum, H Knill, E Viola, L TI Nature and measure of entanglement in quantum phase transitions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID MINIMAL UNCERTAINTY; ERROR-CORRECTION; COHERENT STATES; SYSTEMS; MODEL; PARTICLES; QUBITS AB Characterizing and quantifying quantum correlations in states of many-particle systems is at the core of a full understanding of phase transitions in matter. In this work, we continue our investigation of the notion of generalized entanglement [Barnum et al., Phys. Rev. A 68, 032308 (2003)] by focusing on a simple Lie-algebraic measure of purity of a quantum state relative to an observable set. For the algebra of local observables on multi-qubit systems, the resulting local purity measure is equivalent to a recently introduced global entanglement measure [Meyer and Wallach, J. Math. Phys. 43, 4273 (2002)]. In the condensed-matter setting, the notion of Lie-algebraic purity is exploited to identify and characterize the quantum phase transitions present in two exactly solvable models, namely the Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick model and the spin-1/2 anisotropic XY model in a transverse magnetic field. For the latter, we argue that a natural fermionic observable set arising after the Jordan-Wigner transformation better characterizes the transition than alternative measures based on qubits. This illustrates the usefulness of going beyond the standard subsystem-based framework while providing a global disorder parameter for this model. Our results show how generalized entanglement leads to useful tools for distinguishing between the ordered and disordered phases in the case of broken symmetry quantum phase transitions. Additional implications and possible extensions of concepts to other systems of interest in condensed-matter physics are also discussed. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Ctr Atom Bariloche, RA-8400 San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina. Inst Balseiro, RA-8400 San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina. RP Somma, R (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM somma@lanl.gov NR 51 TC 79 Z9 79 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 EI 1094-1622 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 4 AR 042311 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.70.042311 PG 21 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 874AE UT WOS:000225322500031 ER PT J AU Altshuler, E Johansen, TH Paltiel, Y Jin, P Bassler, KE Ramos, O Chen, QY Reiter, GF Zeldov, E Chu, CW AF Altshuler, E Johansen, TH Paltiel, Y Jin, P Bassler, KE Ramos, O Chen, QY Reiter, GF Zeldov, E Chu, CW TI Vortex avalanches with robust statistics observed in superconducting niobium SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIZATION; FILMS; GROWTH; NOISE AB By combining micro-Hall probe and magneto-optical imaging techniques we have been able to examine vortex avalanches at different locations of the ridgelike magnetic topography of superconducting niobium samples as the external field is slowly increased. The avalanche size distributions are shown to be power laws for two decades with very similar critical exponents at all locations, thus demonstrating a remarkable robustness in the details of the flux penetration dynamics. C1 Univ Havana, Superconduct Lab, IMRE Phys Fac, Havana 10400, Cuba. Univ Houston, Texas Ctr Superconduct, Houston, TX 77204 USA. Univ Oslo, Dept Phys, N-0316 Oslo, Norway. Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Condensed Matter Phys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. Univ Houston, Dept Phys, Houston, TX 77204 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Hong Kong Univ Sci & Technol, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. RP Altshuler, E (reprint author), Univ Havana, Superconduct Lab, IMRE Phys Fac, Havana 10400, Cuba. RI Zeldov, Eli/K-1546-2012 NR 20 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 14 AR 140505 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.140505 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 867PX UT WOS:000224855600013 ER PT J AU Baek, SH Luban, M Lascialfari, A Micotti, E Furukawa, Y Borsa, F van Slageren, J Cornia, A AF Baek, SH Luban, M Lascialfari, A Micotti, E Furukawa, Y Borsa, F van Slageren, J Cornia, A TI Scaling behavior of the proton spin-lattice relaxation rate in antiferromagnetic molecular rings SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RELAXATION; ANISOTROPY AB We present new and refined data for the magnetic field (H) and temperature (T) dependence of the proton spin-lattice relaxation rate (1/T-1) in antiferromagnetic molecular rings as well as a new explicit scaling formula that accurately reproduces our data. The key ingredients of our formulation are (1) a reduced relaxation rate, R(H,T)=(1/T-1)/(Tchi(T)), given by R(H,T)=Aomega(c)(T)/(omega(c)(2)(T)+omega(N)(2)), where chi=(partial derivativeM/partial derivativeH)(T) is the differential susceptibility, A is a fitting constant, and omega(N) is the proton Larmor frequency, and (2) a temperature-dependent correlation frequency omega(c)(T) which at low T is given by omega(c)(T)proportional toT(alpha), that we identify as a lifetime broadening of the energy levels of the exchange-coupled paramagnetic spins due to spin-acoustic phonon coupling. The main consequences are (1) R(H,T) has a local maximum for fixed H and variable T that is proportional to 1/H; the maximum occurs at the temperature T-0(H) for which omega(c)(T)=omega(N); (2) for low T a scaling formula applies, R(H,T)/R(H,T-0(H))=2t(alpha)/(1+t(2alpha)), where tequivalent toT/T-0(H). Both results are confirmed by our experimental data for the choice alpha=3.5+/-0.5. C1 Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Dipartimento Fis A Volta, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. INFM, Unita Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Hokkaido Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Div Phys, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0600810, Japan. Univ Florence, INSTM, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy. Univ Florence, Dipartimento Chim, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy. Univ Modena & Reggio Emilia, UdR INSTM, Ctr SCS, Dipartimento Chim, I-41100 Modena, Italy. RP Baek, SH (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM baek@ameslab.gov RI Baek, Seung-Ho/F-4733-2011; Cornia, Andrea/N-8587-2015 OI Baek, Seung-Ho/0000-0002-0059-8255; Cornia, Andrea/0000-0001-9765-3128 NR 21 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 13 AR 134434 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.134434 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 867PR UT WOS:000224855000085 ER PT J AU Blum, V Zunger, A AF Blum, V Zunger, A TI Mixed-basis cluster expansion for thermodynamics of bcc alloys SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID TRANSITION-METAL ALLOYS; SHORT-RANGE-ORDER; BRILLOUIN-ZONE INTEGRATIONS; EFFECTIVE-PAIR INTERACTIONS; TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; COHERENT PHASE-STABILITY; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; CU-AU; STRUCTURAL STABILITY AB To predict the ground-state structures and finite-temperature properties of an alloy, the total energies of many different atomic configurations sigmaequivalent to{sigma(i);i=1,...,N}, with N sites i occupied by atom A (sigma(i)=-1), or B (sigma(i)=+1), must be calculated accurately and rapidly. Direct local-density approximation (LDA) calculations provide the required accuracy, but are not practical because they are limited to small cells and only a few of the 2(N) possible configurations. The "mixed-basis cluster expansion" (MBCE) method allows to parametrize LDA configurational energetics E-LDA[sigma(i);i=1,...,N] by an analytic functional E-MBCE[sigma(i);i=1,...,N]. We extend the method to bcc alloys, describing how to select N-sigma ordered structures (for which LDA total energies are calculated explicitly) and N-F pair and multibody interactions, which are fit to the N-sigma energies to obtain a deterministic MBCE mapping of LDA. We apply the method to bcc Mo-Ta. This system reveals an unexpectedly rich ground-state line, pitting Mo-rich (100) superlattices against Ta-rich complex structures. Predicted finite-T properties such as order-disorder temperatures, solid-solution short-range order and the random alloy enthalpy of mixing are consistent with experiment. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RI Zunger, Alex/A-6733-2013; Blum, Volker/J-6591-2012 OI Blum, Volker/0000-0001-8660-7230 NR 67 TC 67 Z9 67 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 15 AR 155108 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.155108 PG 17 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 867QA UT WOS:000224855900028 ER PT J AU Califano, M Zunger, A AF Califano, M Zunger, A TI Anisotropy of interband transitions in InAs quantum wires: An atomistic theory SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID OPTICAL MATRIX-ELEMENTS; SEMICONDUCTOR NANOWIRES; POLARIZATION DEPENDENCE; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; LINEAR-POLARIZATION; EMISSION; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; ABSORPTION; DIAMETER; DOTS AB The electronic and optical properties of [001]-oriented free-standing InAs cylindrical quantum wires (QWRs) with diameters 10-100 Angstrom are calculated using an atomistic, empirical pseudopotential plane-wave method. We analyze the effect of different degrees of mixing between valence bands on the optical properties of these nanostructures, by switching on and off the spin-orbit interaction. The fundamental transition in these QWRs exhibit a large anisotropy, with emission polarized prevalently along the wire axis z. The magnitude of such an anisotropy is found to depend on both degree of valence band mixing and wire size. In higher energy interband transitions, we find anisotropies close to 100% with emission polarized perpendicular to the wire axis. Furthermore, in large wires, transitions involving highly excited valence states show in-plane polarization anisotropies between the [110] and [1 (1) over bar0] directions. InAs wires can therefore switch between z-polarized to xy-polarized emission/absorption for different excitation energies. This makes them ideally suited for application in orientation-sensitive devices. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Califano, M (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RI Zunger, Alex/A-6733-2013 NR 37 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 16 AR 165317 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.165317 PG 11 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 867QB UT WOS:000224856000066 ER PT J AU Capan, C Bianchi, A Movshovich, R Christianson, AD Malinowski, A Hundley, MF Lacerda, A Pagliuso, PG Sarrao, JL AF Capan, C Bianchi, A Movshovich, R Christianson, AD Malinowski, A Hundley, MF Lacerda, A Pagliuso, PG Sarrao, JL TI Anisotropy of thermal conductivity and possible signature of the Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov state in CeCoIn5 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-SPIN DOMAINS; D-WAVE SUPERCONDUCTORS; HEAVY-FERMION; MAGNETIC ENHANCEMENT; TYPE-2 SUPERCONDUCTORS; PAULI PARAMAGNETISM; CRITICAL-FIELD; VORTEX STATES; PHASE; NODES AB We have measured the thermal conductivity of the heavy-fermion superconductor CeCoIn5 in the vicinity of the upper critical field, with the magnetic field perpendicular to the c axis. Thermal conductivity displays a discontinuous jump at the superconducting phase boundary below critical temperature T(0)approximate to1 K, indicating a change from a second- to first-order transition and confirming the recent results of specific heat measurements on CeCoIn5. In addition, the thermal conductivity data as a function of field display a kink at a field H-k below the superconducting critical field, which closely coincides with the recently discovered anomaly in specific heat, tentatively identified with the appearance of the spatially inhomogeneous Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) superconducting state. Our results indicate that the thermal conductivity is enhanced within the FFLO state, and call for further theoretical investigations of the order parameter's real-space structure (and, in particular, the structure of vortices) and of the thermal transport within the inhomogeneous FFLO state. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. UNICAMP, Inst Fis Gleb Wataghin, BR-13083970 Campinas, SP, Brazil. RP Capan, C (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Pagliuso, Pascoal/C-9169-2012; Malinowski, Artur/A-2184-2015; christianson, andrew/A-3277-2016; Bianchi, Andrea/E-9779-2010; Inst. of Physics, Gleb Wataghin/A-9780-2017 OI Malinowski, Artur/0000-0003-3771-9353; christianson, andrew/0000-0003-3369-5884; Bianchi, Andrea/0000-0001-9340-6971; NR 46 TC 85 Z9 86 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 13 AR 134513 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.134513 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 867PR UT WOS:000224855000098 ER PT J AU Cavalleri, A Dekorsy, T Chong, HHW Kieffer, JC Schoenlein, RW AF Cavalleri, A Dekorsy, T Chong, HHW Kieffer, JC Schoenlein, RW TI Evidence for a structurally-driven insulator-to-metal transition in VO2: A view from the ultrafast timescale SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID PHASE-TRANSITION; MOTT-HUBBARD; BAND THEORY; VANADIUM DIOXIDE; PEIERLS; OXIDES; FEMTOSECOND; EXCITATION; PHONONS; PULSES AB We apply ultrafast spectroscopy to establish a time-domain hierarchy between structural and electronic effects in a strongly correlated electron system. We discuss the case of the model system VO2, a prototypical nonmagnetic compound that exhibits cell doubling, charge localization, and a metal-insulator transition below 340 K. We initiate the formation of the metallic phase by prompt hole photo-doping into the valence band of the low-T insulator. The insulator-to-metal transition is, however, delayed with respect to hole injection, exhibiting a bottleneck time scale, associated with the phonon connecting the two crystallographic phases. This structural bottleneck is observed despite faster depletion of the d bands and is indicative of important bandlike character for this controversial insulator. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Rossendorf Inc, Forschungszentrum Rossendorf EV, D-01314 Dresden, Germany. Univ Quebec, INRS Energie & Mat, Varennes, PQ, Canada. RP Cavalleri, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM ACavalleri@lbl.gov RI Dekorsy, Thomas/A-6152-2008; Schoenlein, Robert/D-1301-2014 OI Dekorsy, Thomas/0000-0003-2257-2854; Schoenlein, Robert/0000-0002-6066-7566 NR 25 TC 346 Z9 346 U1 18 U2 177 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 16 AR 161102 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.161102 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 867QB UT WOS:000224856000002 ER PT J AU Choi, Y Haskel, D Camley, RE Lee, DR Lang, JC Srajer, G Jiang, JS Bader, SD AF Choi, Y Haskel, D Camley, RE Lee, DR Lang, JC Srajer, G Jiang, JS Bader, SD TI Temperature evolution of the Gd magnetization profile in strongly coupled Gd/Fe multilayers SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID X-RAY DICHROISM; CIRCULAR-DICHROISM; INTERFACE ROUGHNESS; RESONANT SCATTERING; FE/GD MULTILAYERS; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; GIANT MAGNETORESISTANCE; SURFACE; SUPERLATTICES; EDGES AB The temperature evolution of the magnetization depth profile in Gd layers of a strongly coupled [Gd(50 Angstrom)/Fe(15 Angstrom)](15) multilayer is studied using x-ray resonant magnetic scattering (XRMS) and x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) techniques. XRMS yields a spatially resolved, element-specific, magnetization depth profile, while XMCD spatially averages over this profile. The combined data inequivocally show the presence of an inhomogeneous magnetic profile within the Gd layers at all measured temperatures between 20 and 300 K. These inhomogeneous profiles, which feature enhanced magnetic ordering near the Gd/Fe interface, were refined using both a kinematic Born approximation and a recently developed distorted-wave Born approximation, both of which include the contribution of structural and magnetic interfacial roughness. Calculations of the static magnetic configuration within a mean-field approach that neglects interfacial roughness are in agreement with the measured inhomogeneous profile and its temperature evolution. The results suggest that the enhanced Gd magnetization near the interface arises from its proximity to magnetically ordered Fe. C1 Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Colorado Springs, CO 80907 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Choi, Y (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RI Bader, Samuel/A-2995-2013 NR 62 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 13 AR 134420 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.134420 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 867PR UT WOS:000224855000071 ER PT J AU Christianson, AD Bauer, ED Lawrence, JM Riseborough, PS Moreno, NO Pagliuso, PG Sarrao, JL Thompson, JD Goremychkin, EA Trouw, FR Hehlen, MP McQueeney, RJ AF Christianson, AD Bauer, ED Lawrence, JM Riseborough, PS Moreno, NO Pagliuso, PG Sarrao, JL Thompson, JD Goremychkin, EA Trouw, FR Hehlen, MP McQueeney, RJ TI Crystalline electric field effects in CeMIn5 (M=Co,Rh,Ir): Superconductivity and the influence of Kondo spin fluctuations SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-FERMION SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; UNCONVENTIONAL SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; CEIRIN5; CERHIN5; CECOIN5; PRESSURE; EXCITATIONS; CECU2GE2; CECU2SI2 AB We have measured the crystalline electric field (CEF) excitations of the CeMIn5 (M=Co,Rh,Ir) series of heavy fermion superconductors by means of inelastic neutron scattering. In each case, the CEF excitations are considerably broadened, due to Kondo hybridization of the localized f-moments with the conduction electrons. Fits to a phenomenological CEF model reproduce the inelastic neutron scattering spectra and the high-temperature magnetic susceptibility. We also present calculations within the noncrossing approximation (NCA) to the Anderson impurity model, including the effect of CEF level-splitting for the inelastic neutron scattering spectra and the magnetic susceptibility. Our results indicate that the CEF level-splitting in all three materials is similar, and can be thought of as being derived from the cubic parent compound CeIn3 in which an excited state quartet at similar to12 meV is split into two doublets by the lower symmetry of the tetragonal environment of the CeMIn5 materials. The evolution of the superconducting transition temperatures in the different members of CeMIn5 can be understood as a direct consequence of the strength of the 4f-conduction electron hybridization. C1 Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Temple Univ, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Christianson, AD (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. RI Bauer, Eric/D-7212-2011; Riseborough, Peter/D-4689-2011; Pagliuso, Pascoal/C-9169-2012; Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012; Moreno, Nelson/H-1708-2012; McQueeney, Robert/A-2864-2016; christianson, andrew/A-3277-2016 OI Moreno, Nelson/0000-0002-1672-4340; McQueeney, Robert/0000-0003-0718-5602; christianson, andrew/0000-0003-3369-5884 NR 40 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 13 AR 134505 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.134505 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 867PR UT WOS:000224855000090 ER PT J AU Dudiy, SV Kent, PRC Zunger, A AF Dudiy, SV Kent, PRC Zunger, A TI Penetration of electronic perturbations of dilute nitrogen impurities deep into the conduction band of GaP1-xNx SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SEMICONDUCTOR ALLOYS; QUANTUM DOTS; GAP; LOCALIZATION; TRANSITION; EVOLUTION; STATES; ENERGY; GAASN AB The electronic structure consequences of the perturbations caused by dilute nitrogen impurities in GaP are studied by means of supercell calculations using a fully atomistic empirical pseudopotential method. We find that numerous localized states are introduced by a single N atom and N clusters, not only close to the band edge but also throughout the GaP conduction band, up to similar to1 eV above the conduction band edge. These localized states suggest an alternative interpretation for a previously puzzling observation of splitting of photoluminescence excitation intensity at the GaP Gamma(1c) energy into two features, one blueshifting and the other staying pinned in energy with increasing N concentration. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Dudiy, SV (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RI Kent, Paul/A-6756-2008; Zunger, Alex/A-6733-2013 OI Kent, Paul/0000-0001-5539-4017; NR 30 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 16 AR 161304 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.161304 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 867QB UT WOS:000224856000010 ER PT J AU Fishman, RS AF Fishman, RS TI Spin dynamics of a canted antiferromagnet in a magnetic field SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID METAL-INSULATOR-TRANSITION; GENERALIZED VILLAIN MODEL; NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; PHASE; PR0.7CA0.3MNO3; SCATTERING; SYSTEM AB The spin dynamics of a canted antiferromagnet with a quadratic spin-wave dispersion near q=0 is shown to possess a unique signature. When the anisotropy gap is negligible, the spin-wave stiffness D-sw(q,B)=(omega(q)-B)/q(2) depends on whether the limit of zero field or zero wave vector is taken first. Consequently, D-sw is a strong funtion of the magnetic field at a fixed wave vector. Even in the presence of a sizable anisotropy gap, the field dependence of the extrapolated q=0 gap energy distinguishes a canted antiferromagnet from a phase-separated mixture containing both ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic regions. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Fishman, RS (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Fishman, Randy/C-8639-2013 NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 14 AR 140402 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.140402 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 867PX UT WOS:000224855600003 ER PT J AU Gibaud, A Dourdain, S Gang, O Ocko, BM AF Gibaud, A Dourdain, S Gang, O Ocko, BM TI In situ grazing incidence small-angle x-ray scattering real-time monitoring of the role of humidity during the structural formation of templated silica thin films SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MESOPOROUS MOLECULAR-SIEVES; STEADY-STATE; MESOPHASES; MECHANISM AB The role of RH (relative humidity) during the formation of templated silica thin films has been investigated using real-time grazing incidence small-angle x-ray scattering. A detailed analysis of the evolution of the lattice parameters as a function of RH is presented. It is shown that in the modulable steady state, the lattice parameter parallel to the surface is pinned after a transient regime is reached while the parameter normal to the surface can still vary. In the initial stage we find that the film can take up to one layer of water per micelle. Interferometric measurements confirm that swelling occurs in the entire film. An explanation of the pinning effect is presented. C1 Univ Maine, Fac Sci, Lab PEC, F-72085 Le Mans 09, France. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Gibaud, A (reprint author), Univ Maine, Fac Sci, Lab PEC, F-72085 Le Mans 09, France. RI Dourdain, Sandrine/C-3765-2016 OI Dourdain, Sandrine/0000-0003-4828-4092 NR 18 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 16 AR 161403 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.161403 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 867QB UT WOS:000224856000024 ER PT J AU Gweon, GH Mo, SK Allen, JW He, J Jin, R Mandrus, D Hochst, H AF Gweon, GH Mo, SK Allen, JW He, J Jin, R Mandrus, D Hochst, H TI Luttinger liquid angle-resolved photoemission line shapes from samples of Li0.9Mo6O17 grown by the temperature-gradient-flux technique SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID PURPLE BRONZE LI0.9MO6O17; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; DIMENSIONAL SYSTEMS; METAL LI0.9MO6O17 AB Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy line shapes measured for quasi-one-dimensional Li0.9Mo6O17 samples grown by a temperature-gradient-flux technique are found to show Luttinger liquid behavior, consistent with all previous data by us and other workers obtained from samples grown by the electrolyte reduction technique. This result eliminates the sample growth method as a possible origin of considerable differences in photoemission data reported in previous studies of Li0.9Mo6O17. C1 Univ Michigan, Randall Lab Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Synchrotron Radiat, Stoughton, WI 53589 USA. RP Gweon, GH (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, MS 2-200,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM gweon@umich.edu RI Mo, Sung-Kwan/F-3489-2013; Mandrus, David/H-3090-2014 OI Mo, Sung-Kwan/0000-0003-0711-8514; NR 17 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 15 AR 153103 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.153103 PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 867QA UT WOS:000224855900003 ER PT J AU Hastings, MB AF Hastings, MB TI Spin-orbit scattering and time-reversal symmetry: Detection of a spin by tunneling SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID RESONANCE; TRANSPORT; DEVICE AB We consider the possibility of detecting spin precession in a magnetic field by nonequilibrium transport processes. We find that time-reversal symmetry imposes strong constraints on the problem. Suppose the tunneling occurs directly between systems at two different chemical potentials rather than sequentially via a third system at an intermediate chemical potential. Then, at largest order in voltage, unless spin-polarized electrons are used, the periodic signal in the current results from beating together two different precession frequencies, so that observing a signal near the Larmor frequency in this case requires having some cluster with a g factor close to zero. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Hastings, MB (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM hastings@cnls.lanl.gov NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 16 AR 161301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.161301 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 867QB UT WOS:000224856000007 ER PT J AU Hiraka, H Boni, P Yamada, K Park, S Lee, SH Shirane, G AF Hiraka, H Boni, P Yamada, K Park, S Lee, SH Shirane, G TI Characterization of low-energy magnetic excitations in chromium SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SPIN-DENSITY-WAVE; FINCHER-BURKE EXCITATIONS; POLARIZATION DEPENDENCE; MODES; ANTIFERROMAGNETISM; DYNAMICS; ALLOYS; METAL; CR AB The low-energy excitations of Cr, i.e., the Fincher-Burke (FB) modes, have been investigated in the transversely polarized spin-density-wave phase by inelastic neutron scattering using a single-Q(+/-) crystal with a propagation vector Q(+/-) parallel to [001]. The constant-momentum-transfer scans show that the energy spectra consist of two components, namely dispersive FB modes and an almost energy-independent cross section. Most remarkably, we find that the spectrum of the FB modes exhibits one peak at 140 K near Q=(0,0,0.98) and two peaks near Q=(0,0,1.02), respectively. This is surprising because Cr crystallizes in a centrosymmetric bcc structure. The asymmetry of those energy spectra decreases with increasing temperature. In addition, the observed magnetic peak intensity is independent of Q, suggesting a transfer of spectral weight between the upper and lower FB modes. The energy-independent cross section is localized only between the incommensurate peaks and develops rapidly with increasing temperature. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Tohoku Univ, Inst Mat Res, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan. Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept E21, D-85747 Garching, Germany. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Hiraka, H (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Yamada, Kazuyoshi/C-2728-2009 NR 19 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 14 AR 144413 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.144413 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 867PX UT WOS:000224855600052 ER PT J AU Jiang, W Zhang, Y Weber, WJ AF Jiang, W Zhang, Y Weber, WJ TI Temperature dependence of disorder accumulation and amorphization in Au-ion-irradiated 6H-SiC SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SILICON-CARBIDE; IMPLANTATION TEMPERATURE; DAMAGE ACCUMULATION; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; RECOVERY; SUBLATTICES; CERAMICS; CARBON; FLUX AB Disorder accumulation and amorphization in 6H-SiC single crystals irradiated with 2.0 MeV Au2+ ions at temperatures ranging from 150 to 550 K have been investigated systematically based on 0.94 MeV D+ channeling analyses along the <0001> axis. Physical models have been applied to fit the experimental data and to interpret the temperature dependence of the disordering processes. Results show that defect-stimulated amorphization in Au2+-irradiated 6H-SiC dominates the disordering processes at temperatures below 500 K, while formation of clusters becomes predominant above 500 K. Two distinctive dynamic recovery stages are observed over the temperature range from 150 to 550 K, resulting from the coupled processes of close-pair recombination and interstitial migration and annihilation on both sublattices. These two stages overlap very well with the previously observed thermal recovery stages. Based on the model fits, the critical temperature for amorphization in 6H-SiC under the Au2+ ion irradiation conditions corresponds to 501+/-10 K. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Jiang, W (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM weilin.jiang@pnl.gov RI Weber, William/A-4177-2008; OI Weber, William/0000-0002-9017-7365; Jiang, Weilin/0000-0001-8302-8313 NR 30 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 15 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 16 AR 165208 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.165208 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 867QB UT WOS:000224856000049 ER PT J AU Khalifah, P Ohkubo, I Christen, HM Mandrus, DG AF Khalifah, P Ohkubo, I Christen, HM Mandrus, DG TI Evolution of transport and magnetic properties near the ferromagnetic quantum critical point in the series CaxSr1-xRuO3 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID FERMI-LIQUID BEHAVIOR; THIN-FILMS; TRANSITION; ELECTRON; SYSTEM; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; CARUO3 AB A series of epitaxial films were grown across the solid solution CaxSr1-xRuO3 in order to pinpoint the ferromagnetic to paramagnetic quantum phase transition in this system and to study the evolution of transport and magnetic properties in its vicinity. The ferromagnetic T-c of SrRuO3 was found to decrease linearly with Ca doping levels up to 70%. Further doping resulted in the abrupt elimination of ferromagnetic order, and the onset of low temperature (<10 K) non-Fermi-liquid (NFL) resistivity of the form rhoproportional torho(0)+AT(1.5) for samples with xless than or equal to0.75less than or equal to1.0. The resistivity exponent of 1.5 matches that previously observed for intermetallic alloys (such as MnSi) at their ferromagnetic quantum critical points, indicating the possible universality of this NFL behavior. Field-dependent specific heat measurements on bulk samples at compositions near the quantum phase transition provide additional evidence for NFL behavior (C/Tproportional tolog(10) T) and show the conditions under which spin fluctuations contribute to the specific heat. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Khalifah, P (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Christen, Hans/H-6551-2013; Mandrus, David/H-3090-2014; OHKUBO, Isao/B-9553-2013 OI Christen, Hans/0000-0001-8187-7469; OHKUBO, Isao/0000-0002-4187-0112 NR 22 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 1 U2 18 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 13 AR 134426 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.134426 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 867PR UT WOS:000224855000077 ER PT J AU Koschny, T Schweitzer, L AF Koschny, T Schweitzer, L TI Levitation of the quantum Hall extended states in the B -> 0 limit SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID METAL-INSULATOR-TRANSITION; MAGNETIC-FIELD; 2 DIMENSIONS; WEAK LEVITATION; PHASE-DIAGRAM; LANDAU-LEVEL; LOCALIZATION; SYSTEM; CONDUCTIVITY; UNIVERSALITY AB We investigate the fate of the quantum Hall extended states within a continuum model with spatially correlated disorder potentials. The model can be projected onto a couple of the lowest Landau bands. Levitation of the n=0 critical states is observed if at least the two lowest Landau bands are considered. The dependence on the magnetic length l(B)=((h) over bar/(eB))(1/2) and on the correlation length of the disorder potential eta is combined into a single dimensionless parameter (η) over cap=eta/l(B). This enables us to study the behavior of the critical states for vanishing magnetic field. In the two Landau band limit, we find a disorder dependent saturation of the critical states' levitation which is in contrast to earlier propositions, but in accord with some experiments. C1 Phys Tech Bundesanstalt, D-38116 Braunschweig, Germany. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Fdn Res & Technol Hellas, Iraklion 71110, Crete, Greece. RP Koschny, T (reprint author), Phys Tech Bundesanstalt, Bundesallee 100, D-38116 Braunschweig, Germany. NR 35 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 16 AR 165301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.165301 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 867QB UT WOS:000224856000050 ER PT J AU Laudernet, Y Clerouin, J Mazevet, S AF Laudernet, Y Clerouin, J Mazevet, S TI Ab initio simulations of the electrical and optical properties of shock-compressed SiO2 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID STRONGLY CORRELATED ALUMINUM; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; CONDUCTIVITY; EQUATION; METALS; LIQUID AB We calculate the optical properties of shock-compressed silica up to a pressure of 1200 GPa using ab initio molecular-dynamics simulations. The calculations show a significant rise in conductivity and reflectivity as both the pressure and temperature increase. This smooth increase in reflectivity up to a pressure of 500 GPa as well as the saturation value of about 35% given by the simulations are in near perfect agreement with recent shock compression measurements. The constituency analysis performed suggests that this increase in both conductivity and reflectivity can be attributed to the dissociation of molecular systems in the fluid. C1 CEA DAM Ile France, Dept Phys Theor & Appl, F-91680 Bruyeres Le Chatel, France. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Laudernet, Y (reprint author), CEA DAM Ile France, Dept Phys Theor & Appl, Boite Postale 12, F-91680 Bruyeres Le Chatel, France. EM yann.laudernet@cea.fr RI Clerouin, jean/D-8528-2015 OI Clerouin, jean/0000-0003-2144-2759 NR 28 TC 45 Z9 46 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 16 AR 165108 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.165108 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 867QB UT WOS:000224856000033 ER PT J AU Lyo, SK AF Lyo, SK TI Anomalous thermopower of a quasi-two-dimensional low-density metallic hole gas SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID INTERFACE-ROUGHNESS SCATTERING; SILICON INVERSION-LAYERS; TWO-DIMENSIONAL SYSTEMS; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; INSULATOR-TRANSITION; IMPURITY-SCATTERING; SCALING THEORY; ELECTRON-GAS; V COMPOUNDS; SI-MOSFET AB We study the thermopower S and the resistance R of a low-density quasi-two-dimensional hole gas in the metallic regime at low temperatures (T's). Long-range interface-roughness fluctuations are found to explain the sign anomaly and the sign reversal of the recently observed T-dependent S. Two mechanisms showing similar S(R) can yield very different R(S), indicating that S and R play a complementary role toward understanding the transport mechanism. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Taejon 305701, South Korea. RP Lyo, SK (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 30 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 15 AR 153301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.153301 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 867QA UT WOS:000224855900008 ER PT J AU Majer, G Telfah, A Grinberg, F Barnes, RG AF Majer, G Telfah, A Grinberg, F Barnes, RG TI Unusual doublet structure in proton magnetic-resonance spectra of yttrium and lutetium trihydrides SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID NEUTRON-POWDER-DIFFRACTION; HYDROGEN DIFFUSION; METAL-HYDRIDES; NMR; SYSTEM; MOTION AB The proton magnetic resonance spectra of yttrium and lutetium trihydride, YH3 and LuH3, respectively, show an unusual doublet structure qualitatively similar to the Pake doublet that results from the mutual dipolar interaction of closely spaced, isolated proton pairs. However, both the magnitude of the splittings, roughly 70 kHz, and the second moment of the spectra, roughly 200 (Oe)(2), greatly exceed classical dipolar theoretical expectations based on known nearest-neighbor spacings. On the other hand, the YH3 doublet narrows to a single line above 300 K, consistent with the temperature dependence of the spin-lattice relaxation rate, whereas the LuH3 doublet shows no narrowing up to 454 K. In addition, the peaks themselves are close to Lorentzian in shape, indicative of strong indirect exchange narrowing. These features of the spectra indicate that substantial contributions from electron-mediated pseudodipolar and indirect exchange interactions exceed the classical dipolar interaction. C1 Max Planck Inst Met Res, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, US DOE, Dept Phys, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Majer, G (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Met Res, Heisenbergstr 3, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. EM majer@nmr.mpi-stuttgart.mpg.de NR 27 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 15 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 13 AR 134111 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.134111 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 867PR UT WOS:000224855000039 ER PT J AU Marchetti, FM Simons, BD Littlewood, PB AF Marchetti, FM Simons, BD Littlewood, PB TI Condensation of cavity polaritons in a disordered environment SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID EXCITON BOSE CONDENSATION; ELECTRON-HOLE GAS; SEMICONDUCTOR MICROCAVITY; MAGNETIC-IMPURITIES; GROUND-STATE; SUPERCONDUCTORS; FIELD; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; FLUCTUATIONS; TEMPERATURE AB A model for direct two band excitons in a disordered quantum well coupled to light in a cavity is investigated. In the limit in which the exciton density is high, we assess the impact of weak "pair-breaking" disorder on the feasibility of condensation of cavity polaritons. The mean-field phase diagram shows a "lower density" region, where the condensate is dominated by electronic excitations and where disorder tends to close the condensate and quench coherence. Increasing the density of excitations in the system, partially due to the screening of Coulomb interaction, the excitations contributing to the condensate become mainly photonlike and coherence is re-established for any value of disorder. In contrast, in the photon dominated region of the phase diagram, the energy gap of the quasiparticle spectrum still closes when the disorder strength is increased. Above mean-field, thermal, quantum, and fluctuations induced by disorder are considered and the spectrum of the collective excitations is evaluated. In particular, it is shown that the angle resolved photon intensity exhibits an abrupt change in its behavior, going from the condensed to the noncondensed region. C1 Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Lab, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England. LANL, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Pulsed Field Facil, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Lab, Madingley Rd, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England. RI Cavendish, TCM/C-9489-2009; Littlewood, Peter/B-7746-2008; Marchetti, Francesca Maria/F-7695-2012; OI Marchetti, Francesca Maria/0000-0003-1394-7394; Simons, Benjamin/0000-0002-3875-7071 NR 49 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 15 AR 155327 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.155327 PG 16 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 867QA UT WOS:000224855900069 ER PT J AU Matranga, C Chen, L Bockrath, B Johnson, JK AF Matranga, C Chen, L Bockrath, B Johnson, JK TI Displacement of CO2 by Xe in single-walled carbon nanotube bundles SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ADSORPTION; SPECTROSCOPY; C-60 AB The displacement of CO2 by Xe on single-walled nanotube bundles is investigated with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and grand canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulations. The FTIR experiments show that CO2 physisorption at 77 K produces an infrared peak at 2330 cm(-1) for endohedral physisorption and at 2340 cm(-1) for groove/external surface physisorption. Exposure to Xe causes a sequential displacement of CO2 from these sites as shown by an intensity loss of the 2330 cm(-1) peak, which precedes the loss at 2340 cm(-1). The GCMC simulations on heterogeneous and homogenous bundles show that CO2 in endohedral sites is initially displaced by Xe before that in groove/external surface sites. The CO2 populations in each site of the bundle are taken from the GCMC simulations and used to model the variation of the FTIR intensities as a function of Xe pressure. The qualitative agreement between the simulated and experimental intensity changes is good, suggesting that the intensity changes seen in the experiments are related to CO2 displacement from the sites indicated in the simulations. C1 US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Chem & Petr Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. RP Matranga, C (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. EM matranga@netl.doe.gov RI Chen, Liang/B-3418-2008; Matranga, Christopher/E-4741-2015; Johnson, Karl/E-9733-2013 OI Matranga, Christopher/0000-0001-7082-5938; Johnson, Karl/0000-0002-3608-8003 NR 23 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 16 AR 165416 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.165416 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 867QB UT WOS:000224856000090 ER PT J AU Painter, GS Becher, PF Shelton, WA Satet, RL Hoffmann, MJ AF Painter, GS Becher, PF Shelton, WA Satet, RL Hoffmann, MJ TI First-principles study of rare-earth effects on grain growth and microstructure in beta-Si3N4 ceramics SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SILICON-NITRIDE CERAMICS; IMPROVED FRACTURE-TOUGHNESS; OXYNITRIDE GLASSES; ADDITIVES; DESIGN; SIO2 AB Rare earth (RE) and group III oxide additions are frequently used to optimize densification during the processing of ceramics. Silicon nitride ceramics frequently serve as model cases, and in these systems the effects of rare earths are important. Additions often determine the morphology of beta-Si3N4 crystallites that grow in the multiphase ceramic, thereby affecting the microstructure and mechanical toughness of the ceramic. The influence of different rare earths has recently been experimentally characterized in terms of their effects on grain growth aspect ratios. In the study reported here, a new energy parameter is introduced that provides a first-principles based understanding of these effects. Grain growth aspect ratios measured for various RE additions in silicon nitride correlate well with corresponding differential binding energies (DBE) calculated within the partial wave self-consistent field atomic cluster model. The DBE provides a second-difference measure of relative site stabilities of RE vs Si atoms in regions of variable O/N content. The physical mechanism that underlies anisotropic grain growth is found to originate from the site competition between REs and Si for bonding at beta-Si3N4 interfaces and within the O-rich glass. The different segregation strengths exhibited by rare earth elements in oxynitride glasses are simply a reflection of their different local chemistries in O, N environments. Elements that segregate to the prism planes of the embedded beta-Si3N4 grains impede the attachment of Si-based silicon nitride growth units, and the extent of this limitation leads to the observed grain growth anisotropy. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Karlsruhe, Inst Keram, Maschinenbau Zent Lab, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany. RP Painter, GS (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM gsp@ornl.gov NR 17 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 23 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 14 AR 144108 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.144108 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 867PX UT WOS:000224855600026 ER PT J AU Pecharsky, AO Gschneidner, KA Pecharsky, VK Schlagel, DL Lograsso, TA AF Pecharsky, AO Gschneidner, KA Pecharsky, VK Schlagel, DL Lograsso, TA TI Phase relationships and structural, magnetic, and thermodynamic properties of alloys in the pseudobinary Er5Si4-Er5Ge4 system SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID HEAT-CAPACITY; GD-5(SI2GE2); SILICON; GD-5(SIXGE1-X)(4); TRANSITION; GERMANIUM; DIAGRAM AB The room temperature crystal structures of Er5SixGe4-x alloys change systematically with the concentration of Ge from the orthorhombic Gd5Si4-type when x=4, to the monoclinic Gd5Si2Ge2 type when 3.5less than or equal toxless than or equal to3.9 and to the orthorhombic Sm5Ge4 type for xless than or equal to3. The Curie-Weiss behavior of Er5SixGe4-x materials is consistent with the Er3+ state. The compounds order magnetically below 30 K, apparently adopting complex noncollinear magnetic structures with magnetization not reaching saturation in 50 kOe magnetic fields. In Er5Si4, the structural-only transformation from the monoclinic Gd5Si2Ge2-type to the orthorhombic Gd5Si4-type phase occurs around 218 K on heating. Intriguingly, the temperature of this polymorphic transformation is weakly dependent on magnetic fields as low as 40 kOe (dT/dH=-0.058 K/kOe) when the material is in the paramagnetic state nearly 200 K above its spontaneous magnetic ordering temperature. It appears that a magnetostructural transition may be induced in the 5:4 erbium silicide at similar to18 K and above by 75 kOe and higher magnetic fields. Only Er5Si4 but none of the other studied Er5SixGe4-x alloys exhibit magnetic field induced transformations, which are quite common in the closely related Gd5SixGe4-x system. The magnetocaloric effects of the Er5SixGe4-x alloys are moderate. C1 Iowa State Univ, US DOE, Ames Lab, Mat & Engn Phys Program, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Pecharsky, AO (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, US DOE, Ames Lab, Mat & Engn Phys Program, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM vitkp@ameslab.gov NR 47 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 14 AR 144419 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.144419 PG 11 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 867PX UT WOS:000224855600058 ER PT J AU Piryatinski, A Tretiak, S Fenimore, PW Saxena, A Martin, RL Bishop, AR AF Piryatinski, A Tretiak, S Fenimore, PW Saxena, A Martin, RL Bishop, AR TI Three-pulse photon-echo spectroscopy as a probe of the photoexcited electronic state manifold in coupled electron-phonon systems SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID BREATHERS; MYOGLOBIN; COMPLEXES; DYNAMICS; MODEL; HEME AB We demonstrate that a three-pulse photon-echo technique is capable of eliminating the effect of the absorption band broadening associated with intrinsic electron-phonon coupling, and revealing its structure determined by the optical transitions between the ground and excited electronic states dressed with vibrational quanta. This is important for the spectroscopic probing of photoexcited dynamics in low-dimensional materials with strong electron-phonon coupling. As a minimal model for our calculations, we use a two-electron, two-site Holstein Hamiltonian accounting for the vibrational degree of freedom fully quantum mechanically. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, MS B258, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM apiryat@lanl.gov RI Piryatinski, Andrei/B-5543-2009; Tretiak, Sergei/B-5556-2009 OI Tretiak, Sergei/0000-0001-5547-3647 NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 16 AR 161404 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.161404 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 867QB UT WOS:000224856000025 ER PT J AU Rydh, A Welp, U Koshelev, AE Kwok, WK Crabtree, GW Brusetti, R Lyard, L Klein, T Marcenat, C Kang, B Kim, KH Kim, KHP Lee, HS Lee, SI AF Rydh, A Welp, U Koshelev, AE Kwok, WK Crabtree, GW Brusetti, R Lyard, L Klein, T Marcenat, C Kang, B Kim, KH Kim, KHP Lee, HS Lee, SI TI Two-band effects in the angular dependence of H(c)2 of MgB2 single crystals SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID UPPER CRITICAL-FIELD; SUPERCONDUCTING PROPERTIES; STATE PROPERTIES; ANISOTROPY; MODEL; HEAT AB The angular dependence of the upper critical field H-c2 of MgB2 single crystals is studied at various temperatures by means of specific-heat and transport measurements in magnetic fields up to 17 T. Clear deviations from Ginzburg-Landau behavior are observed at all temperatures and are explained by two-band effects. The angular dependence and temperature dependence of the deviations are in qualitative agreement with theoretical predictions based on band-structure calculations. Quantitative agreement is obtained with an interband coupling slightly stronger than the calculated one, enabling band-structure anisotropies and interband coupling strength to be experimentally estimated. This provides a pathway to the study of disorder and doping effects in MgB2. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. CNRS, Etud Proprietes Elect Solides Lab, F-38042 Grenoble, France. CEA Grenoble, SPSMS, Dept Rech Fondamentale Mat Condensee, F-38054 Grenoble, France. Pohang Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, Pohang 790784, South Korea. Pohang Univ Sci & Technol, NCRICS, Pohang 790784, South Korea. RP Rydh, A (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM rydh@anl.gov RI Koshelev, Alexei/K-3971-2013; Rydh, Andreas/A-7068-2012 OI Koshelev, Alexei/0000-0002-1167-5906; Rydh, Andreas/0000-0001-6641-4861 NR 51 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 13 AR 132503 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.132503 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 867PR UT WOS:000224855000026 ER PT J AU Soderlind, P Landa, A Sadigh, B Vitos, L Ruban, A AF Soderlind, P Landa, A Sadigh, B Vitos, L Ruban, A TI First-principles elastic constants and phonons of delta-Pu SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; BRILLOUIN-ZONE; SPECIAL POINTS; AB-INITIO; PHASE-STABILITY; PLUTONIUM; PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; APPROXIMATION; ALLOYS; PRESSURES AB Elastic constants and zone-boundary phonons of delta-plutonium have been calculated within the density-functional theory. The paramagnetic state of delta-Pu is modeled by disordered magnetism utilizing either the disordered local moment or the special quasirandom structure techniques. The anomalously soft C(') as well as a large anisotropy ratio (C(44)/C(')) of delta-Pu is reproduced by this theoretical model. Also the recently measured phonons for delta-Pu compare relatively well with their theoretical counterpart at the zone boundaries. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Royal Inst Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden. Res Inst Solid State Phys & Opt, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary. Royal Inst Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden. Tech Univ Denmark, Ctr Atom Scale Mat Phys, Dept Phys, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. RP Soderlind, P (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Ruban, Andrei/B-7457-2012 NR 46 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 14 AR 144103 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.144103 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 867PX UT WOS:000224855600021 ER PT J AU Tsvelik, AM AF Tsvelik, AM TI Confinement and deconfinement of spinons in a frustrated spin-1/2 Heisenberg model SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article AB In this publication I discuss the phase diagram of a frustrated spin-1/2 Heisenberg model suggested in Nersesyan and Tsvelik, Phys. Rev. B 67, 024422 (2003). The phase diagram contains (pi,0) and (pi,pi) antiferromagnetic phases separated by the Valence Bond Crystal (VBC) state. I argue that the point of the phase diagram with deconfined spinons, predicted in the aforementioned work, is situated in the middle of VBC state, at the point where the dimerization order parameter changes sign. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Tsvelik, AM (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 18 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 13 AR 134412 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.134412 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 867PR UT WOS:000224855000063 ER PT J AU Urbano, RR Pagliuso, PG Rettori, C Oseroff, SB Sarrao, JL Schlottmann, P Fisk, Z AF Urbano, RR Pagliuso, PG Rettori, C Oseroff, SB Sarrao, JL Schlottmann, P Fisk, Z TI Magnetic polaron and Fermi surface effects in the spin-flip scattering of EuB6 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID COLOSSAL MAGNETORESISTANCE; RESONANCE ABSORPTION; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; FERROMAGNETIC EUB6; DOUBLE EXCHANGE; DEPENDENCE; TRANSITION; TRANSPORT; METALS; FIELD AB The spin-flip scattering (SFS) between conduction and 4f(7) Eu2+ (S-8(7/2)) electrons in the paramagnetic phase of EuB6 (Tgreater than or equal to2T(c)similar or equal to30 K) is studied by means of electron spin resonance (ESR) at three frequencies. The single Dysonian resonance observed in all cases suggests a metallic environment for the Eu2+ ions. The ESR at high field, Hsimilar or equal to12.05 kG (nusimilar or equal to33.9 GHz), has an anisotropic linewidth with cubic symmetry. The low-field, 1.46 kG (4.1 Ghz) and 3.35 kG (9.5 GHz), ESR linewidths are unexpectedly broader and have a smaller anisotropy than at the higher field. The unconventional narrowing and anisotropy of the linewidth at higher fields are indicative of a homogeneous resonance and microscopic evidence for a strong reduction in spin-flip scattering between the spins of Eu2+ and the states in the electron and hole pockets at the X points of the Brillouin zone by magnetic polarons. C1 UNICAMP, Inst Fis Gleb Wataghin, BR-13083970 Campinas, SP, Brazil. San Diego State Univ, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Florida State Univ, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. RP Urbano, RR (reprint author), UNICAMP, Inst Fis Gleb Wataghin, BR-13083970 Campinas, SP, Brazil. RI Rettori, Carlos/C-3966-2012; Pagliuso, Pascoal/C-9169-2012; Urbano, Ricardo/F-5017-2012; Schlottmann, Pedro/G-1579-2013; Inst. of Physics, Gleb Wataghin/A-9780-2017 OI Rettori, Carlos/0000-0001-6692-7915; NR 31 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 14 AR 140401 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.140401 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 867PX UT WOS:000224855600002 ER PT J AU Yakovkin, IN Gutowski, M AF Yakovkin, IN Gutowski, M TI SrTiO3/Si(001) epitaxial interface: A density functional theory study SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; GENERALIZED GRADIENT APPROXIMATION; TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; SI(100) SURFACE; SI(001) SURFACE; AB-INITIO; STRONTIUM-TITANATE; SRTIO3(100) SURFACE; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; SCHOTTKY-BARRIER AB The Sr and SrO monolayers on Si(001) and the SrTiO3/Si(001) interface have been simulated by means of total energy minimization within the density functional theory formalism and the generalized gradient approximation form of exchange-correlation potential. It has been found that the first SrO layer restores a 1x1 structure of the substrate thus providing a template for subsequent epitaxy of the SrTiO3 layers. The calculated densities of states are in good agreement with recent x-ray and ultraviolet photoemission valence band spectra. The role of the "buffer layer" in forming the electronic structure is discussed and illustrated with an example of SrO monolayer at the SrTiO3/Si(001) interface. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, Inst Phys, UA-03028 Kiev, Ukraine. Univ Gdansk, Dept Chem, PL-80952 Gdansk, Poland. RP Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM maciej.gutowski@pnl.gov NR 65 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 16 AR 165319 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.165319 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 867QB UT WOS:000224856000068 ER PT J AU Zhou, CG Berciu, M AF Zhou, CG Berciu, M TI Longitudinal conductance of mesoscopic Hall samples with arbitrary disorder and periodic modulations SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MODE QUANTUM WIRES; MAGNETIC-FIELDS; ENERGY-SPECTRUM; SCALING THEORY; ELECTRONS; CONDUCTIVITY; LOCALIZATION; POTENTIALS; RESISTANCE; LATTICES AB We use the Kubo-Landauer formalism to compute the longitudinal (two-terminal) conductance of a two-dimensional electron system placed in a strong perpendicular magnetic field and subjected to periodic modulations and/or disorder potentials. The scattering problem is recast as a set of inhomogeneous, coupled linear equations, allowing us to find the transmission probabilities from a finite-size system computation. The results we present are exact for noninteracting electrons within a spin-polarized lowest Landau level: the effects of the disorder and the periodic modulation are fully accounted for. When necessary, Landau level mixing can also be incorporated straightforwardly into the same formalism. In particular, we focus on the interplay between the effects of the periodic modulation and those of the disorder, when the later is dominant. This appears to be the relevant regime to understand recent experiments [S. Melinte , Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 036802 (2004)], and our numerical results are in qualitative agreement with these experimental results. The numerical techniques we develop can be generalized straightforwardly to many-terminal geometries, as well as other multichannel scattering problems. C1 Princeton Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. RP Zhou, CG (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008,MS6164, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Berciu, Mona/O-4889-2014 NR 38 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 16 AR 165318 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.165318 PG 12 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 867QB UT WOS:000224856000067 ER PT J AU Zimmers, A Lobo, RPSM Bontemps, N Homes, CC Barr, MC Dagan, Y Greene, RL AF Zimmers, A Lobo, RPSM Bontemps, N Homes, CC Barr, MC Dagan, Y Greene, RL TI Infrared signature of the superconducting state in Pr2-xCexCuO4 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID T-C SUPERCONDUCTORS; SUM-RULE; CONDUCTIVITY; ENERGY; PSEUDOGAP; CUPRATE; WEIGHT; FILMS AB We measured the far infrared reflectivity of two superconducting Pr2-xCexCuO4 films above and below T-c. The reflectivity in the superconducting state increases and the optical conductivity drops at low energies, in agreement with the opening of a (possibly) anisotropic superconducting gap. The maximum energy of the gap scales roughly with T-c as 2Delta(max)/k(B)T(c)approximate to4.7. We determined absolute values of the penetration depth at 5 K as lambda(ab)=(3300+/-700) Angstrom for x=0.15 and lambda(ab)=(2000+/-300) Angstrom for x=0.17. A spectral weight analysis shows that the Ferrell-Glover-Tinkham sum rule is satisfied at conventional low energy scales similar to4Delta(max). C1 Ecole Super Phys & Chim Ind Ville Paris, Lab Phys Solide, CNRS, UPR 5, F-75231 Paris, France. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, Ctr Superconduct Res, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Zimmers, A (reprint author), Ecole Super Phys & Chim Ind Ville Paris, Lab Phys Solide, CNRS, UPR 5, 10 Rue Vauquelin, F-75231 Paris, France. EM lobo@espci.fr RI DAGAN, YORAM/E-7240-2011; OI DAGAN, YORAM/0000-0003-4715-0324; Lobo, Ricardo/0000-0003-2355-6856 NR 32 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 13 AR 132502 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.132502 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 867PR UT WOS:000224855000025 ER PT J AU Adams, J Adler, C Aggarwal, MM Ahammed, Z Amonett, J Anderson, BD Anderson, M Arkhipkin, D Averichev, GS Badyal, SK Balewski, J Barannikova, O Barnby, LS Baudot, J Bekele, S Belaga, VV Bellwied, R Berger, J Bezverkhny, BI Bhardwaj, S Bhaskar, P Bhati, AK Bichsel, H Billmeier, A Bland, LC Blyth, CO Bonner, BE Botje, M Boucham, A Brandin, A Bravar, A Cadman, RV Cai, XZ Caines, H Sanchez, MCD Cardenas, A Carroll, J Castillo, J Castro, M Cebra, D Chaloupka, P Chattopadhyay, S Chen, HF Chen, Y Chernenko, SP Cherney, M Chikanian, A Choi, B Christie, W Coffin, JP Cormier, TM Cramer, JG Crawford, HJ Das, D Das, S Derevschikov, AA Didenko, L Dietel, T Dong, X Draper, JE Du, F Dubey, AK Dunin, VB Dunlop, JC Mazumdar, MRD Eckardt, V Efimov, LG Emelianov, V Engelage, J Eppley, G Erazmus, B Fachini, P Faine, V Faivre, J Fatemi, R Filimonov, K Filip, P Finch, E Fisyak, Y Flierl, D Foley, KJ Fu, J Gagliardi, CA Ganti, MS Gutierrez, TD Gagunashvili, N Gans, J Gaudichet, L Germain, M Geurts, F Ghazikhanian, V Ghosh, P Gonzalez, JE Grachov, O Grigoriev, V Grosnick, D Guedon, M Guertin, SM Gupta, A Gushin, E Hallman, TJ Hardtke, D Harris, JW Heinz, M Henry, TW Heppelmann, S Herston, T Hippolyte, B Hirsch, A Hjort, E Hoffmann, GW Horsley, M Huang, HZ Huang, SL Humanic, TJ Igo, G Ishihara, A Jacobs, P Jacobs, WW Janik, M Johnson, I Jones, PG Judd, EG Kabana, S Kaneta, M Kaplan, M Keane, D Kiryluk, J Kisiel, A Klay, J Klein, SR Klyachko, A Koetke, DD Kollegger, T Konstantinov, AS Kopytine, M Kotchenda, L Kovalenko, AD Kramer, M Kravtsov, P Krueger, K Kuhn, C Kulikov, AI Kumar, A Kunde, GJ Kunz, CL Kutuev, RK Kuznetsov, AA Lamont, MAC Landgraf, JM Lange, S Lansdell, CP Lasiuk, B Laue, F Lauret, J Lebedev, A Lednicky, R Leontiev, VM LeVine, MJ Li, C Li, Q Lindenbaum, SJ Lisa, MA Liu, F Liu, L Liu, Z Liu, QJ Ljubicic, T Llope, WJ Long, H Longacre, RS Lopez-Noriega, M Love, WA Ludlam, T Lynn, D Ma, J Ma, YG Magestro, D Mahajan, S Mangotra, LK Mahapatra, AP Majka, R Manweiler, R Margetis, S Markert, C Martin, L Marx, J Matis, HS Matulenko, YA McShane, TS Meissner, F Melnick, Y Meschanin, A Messer, M Miller, ML Milosevich, Z Minaev, NG Mironov, C Mishra, D Mitchell, J Mohanty, B Molnar, L Moore, CF Mora-Corral, MJ Morozov, V de Moura, MM Munhoz, MG Nandi, BK Nayak, SK Nayak, TK Nelson, JM Nevski, P Nikitin, VA Nogach, LV Norman, B Nurushev, SB Odyniec, G Ogawa, A Okorokov, V Oldenburg, M Olson, D Paic, G Pandey, SU Pal, S Panebratsev, Y Panitkin, SY Pavlinov, AI Pawlak, T Perevoztchikov, V Peryt, W Petrov, VA Phatak, SC Picha, R Pluta, J Porile, N Porter, J Poskanzer, AM Potekhin, M Potrebenikova, E Potukuchi, BVKS Prindle, D Pruneau, C Putschke, J Rai, G Rakness, G Raniwala, R Raniwala, S Ravel, O Ray, RL Razin, SV Reichhold, D Reid, JG Renault, G Retiere, F Ridiger, A Ritter, HG Roberts, JB Rogachevski, OV Romero, JL Rose, A Roy, C Ruan, LJ Rykov, V Sahoo, R Sakrejda, I Salur, S Sandweiss, J Savin, I Schambach, J Scharenberg, RP Schmitz, N Schroeder, LS Schweda, K Seger, J Seliverstov, D Seyboth, P Shahaliev, E Shao, M Sharma, M Shestermanov, KE Shimanskii, SS Singaraju, RN Simon, F Skoro, G Smirnov, N Snellings, R Sood, G Sorensen, P Sowinski, J Spinka, HM Srivastava, B Stanislaus, S Stephenson, EJ Stock, R Stolpovsky, A Strikhanov, M Stringfellow, B Struck, C Suaide, AAP Sugarbaker, E Suire, C Sumbera, M Surrow, B Symons, TJM de Toledo, AS Szarwas, P Tai, A Takahashi, J Tang, AH Sorensen, P Thein, D Thomas, JH Tikhomirov, V Tokarev, M Tonjes, MB Trainor, TA Trentalange, S Tribble, RE Trivedi, MD Trofimov, V Tsai, O Ullrich, T Underwood, DG Van Buren, G Vander Molen, AM Vasiliev, AN Vasiliev, M Vigdor, SE Viyogi, YP Voloshin, SA Wang, F Wang, G Wang, XL Wang, ZM Ward, H Watson, JW Wells, R Westfall, GD Whitten, C Wieman, H Willson, R Wissink, SW Witt, R Wood, J Wu, J Xu, N Xu, Z Xu, ZZ Yakutin, AE Yamamoto, E Yang, J Yepes, P Yurevich, VI Zanevski, YV Zborovsky, I Zhang, H Zhang, HY Zhang, WM Zhang, ZP Zolnierczuk, PA Zoulkarneev, R Zoulkarneeva, J Zubarev, AN AF Adams, J Adler, C Aggarwal, MM Ahammed, Z Amonett, J Anderson, BD Anderson, M Arkhipkin, D Averichev, GS Badyal, SK Balewski, J Barannikova, O Barnby, LS Baudot, J Bekele, S Belaga, VV Bellwied, R Berger, J Bezverkhny, BI Bhardwaj, S Bhaskar, P Bhati, AK Bichsel, H Billmeier, A Bland, LC Blyth, CO Bonner, BE Botje, M Boucham, A Brandin, A Bravar, A Cadman, RV Cai, XZ Caines, H Sanchez, MCD Cardenas, A Carroll, J Castillo, J Castro, M Cebra, D Chaloupka, P Chattopadhyay, S Chen, HF Chen, Y Chernenko, SP Cherney, M Chikanian, A Choi, B Christie, W Coffin, JP Cormier, TM Cramer, JG Crawford, HJ Das, D Das, S Derevschikov, AA Didenko, L Dietel, T Dong, X Draper, JE Du, F Dubey, AK Dunin, VB Dunlop, JC Mazumdar, MRD Eckardt, V Efimov, LG Emelianov, V Engelage, J Eppley, G Erazmus, B Fachini, P Faine, V Faivre, J Fatemi, R Filimonov, K Filip, P Finch, E Fisyak, Y Flierl, D Foley, KJ Fu, J Gagliardi, CA Ganti, MS Gutierrez, TD Gagunashvili, N Gans, J Gaudichet, L Germain, M Geurts, F Ghazikhanian, V Ghosh, P Gonzalez, JE Grachov, O Grigoriev, V Grosnick, D Guedon, M Guertin, SM Gupta, A Gushin, E Hallman, TJ Hardtke, D Harris, JW Heinz, M Henry, TW Heppelmann, S Herston, T Hippolyte, B Hirsch, A Hjort, E Hoffmann, GW Horsley, M Huang, HZ Huang, SL Humanic, TJ Igo, G Ishihara, A Jacobs, P Jacobs, WW Janik, M Johnson, I Jones, PG Judd, EG Kabana, S Kaneta, M Kaplan, M Keane, D Kiryluk, J Kisiel, A Klay, J Klein, SR Klyachko, A Koetke, DD Kollegger, T Konstantinov, AS Kopytine, M Kotchenda, L Kovalenko, AD Kramer, M Kravtsov, P Krueger, K Kuhn, C Kulikov, AI Kumar, A Kunde, GJ Kunz, CL Kutuev, RK Kuznetsov, AA Lamont, MAC Landgraf, JM Lange, S Lansdell, CP Lasiuk, B Laue, F Lauret, J Lebedev, A Lednicky, R Leontiev, VM LeVine, MJ Li, C Li, Q Lindenbaum, SJ Lisa, MA Liu, F Liu, L Liu, Z Liu, QJ Ljubicic, T Llope, WJ Long, H Longacre, RS Lopez-Noriega, M Love, WA Ludlam, T Lynn, D Ma, J Ma, YG Magestro, D Mahajan, S Mangotra, LK Mahapatra, AP Majka, R Manweiler, R Margetis, S Markert, C Martin, L Marx, J Matis, HS Matulenko, YA McShane, TS Meissner, F Melnick, Y Meschanin, A Messer, M Miller, ML Milosevich, Z Minaev, NG Mironov, C Mishra, D Mitchell, J Mohanty, B Molnar, L Moore, CF Mora-Corral, MJ Morozov, V de Moura, MM Munhoz, MG Nandi, BK Nayak, SK Nayak, TK Nelson, JM Nevski, P Nikitin, VA Nogach, LV Norman, B Nurushev, SB Odyniec, G Ogawa, A Okorokov, V Oldenburg, M Olson, D Paic, G Pandey, SU Pal, S Panebratsev, Y Panitkin, SY Pavlinov, AI Pawlak, T Perevoztchikov, V Peryt, W Petrov, VA Phatak, SC Picha, R Pluta, J Porile, N Porter, J Poskanzer, AM Potekhin, M Potrebenikova, E Potukuchi, BVKS Prindle, D Pruneau, C Putschke, J Rai, G Rakness, G Raniwala, R Raniwala, S Ravel, O Ray, RL Razin, SV Reichhold, D Reid, JG Renault, G Retiere, F Ridiger, A Ritter, HG Roberts, JB Rogachevski, OV Romero, JL Rose, A Roy, C Ruan, LJ Rykov, V Sahoo, R Sakrejda, I Salur, S Sandweiss, J Savin, I Schambach, J Scharenberg, RP Schmitz, N Schroeder, LS Schweda, K Seger, J Seliverstov, D Seyboth, P Shahaliev, E Shao, M Sharma, M Shestermanov, KE Shimanskii, SS Singaraju, RN Simon, F Skoro, G Smirnov, N Snellings, R Sood, G Sorensen, P Sowinski, J Spinka, HM Srivastava, B Stanislaus, S Stephenson, EJ Stock, R Stolpovsky, A Strikhanov, M Stringfellow, B Struck, C Suaide, AAP Sugarbaker, E Suire, C Sumbera, M Surrow, B Symons, TJM de Toledo, AS Szarwas, P Tai, A Takahashi, J Tang, AH Sorensen, P Thein, D Thomas, JH Tikhomirov, V Tokarev, M Tonjes, MB Trainor, TA Trentalange, S Tribble, RE Trivedi, MD Trofimov, V Tsai, O Ullrich, T Underwood, DG Van Buren, G Vander Molen, AM Vasiliev, AN Vasiliev, M Vigdor, SE Viyogi, YP Voloshin, SA Wang, F Wang, G Wang, XL Wang, ZM Ward, H Watson, JW Wells, R Westfall, GD Whitten, C Wieman, H Willson, R Wissink, SW Witt, R Wood, J Wu, J Xu, N Xu, Z Xu, ZZ Yakutin, AE Yamamoto, E Yang, J Yepes, P Yurevich, VI Zanevski, YV Zborovsky, I Zhang, H Zhang, HY Zhang, WM Zhang, ZP Zolnierczuk, PA Zoulkarneev, R Zoulkarneeva, J Zubarev, AN CA STAR Collaboration TI Rapidity and centrality dependence of proton and antiproton production from Au-197+Au-197 collisions at root S-NN=130 GeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; NUCLEUS-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS; AU+AU COLLISIONS; STAR TPC; ROOT-S(NN)=130 GEV; ELLIPTIC FLOW; AU COLLISIONS; DISTRIBUTIONS; RATIO AB We report on the rapidity and centrality dependence of proton and antiproton transverse mass distributions from Au-197+Au-197 collisions at roots(NN)=130 GeV as measured by the STAR experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). Our results are from the rapidity and transverse momentum range of parallel toyparallel to<0.5 and 0.35p(T)(cut), and studied the results in the framework of participant and binary scaling. No clear evidence is observed for participant scaling of charged hadron yield in the measured p(T) region. The relative importance of hard scattering processes is investigated through binary scaling fraction of particle production. C1 Univ Birmingham, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Creighton Univ, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. AS CR, Inst Nucl Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. JINR, Lab High Energy, Dubna, Russia. JINR, Particle Phys Lab, Dubna, Russia. Goethe Univ Frankfurt, D-6000 Frankfurt, Germany. Inst Phys, Bhubaneswar 751005, Orissa, India. Indian Inst Technol, Bombay 400076, Maharashtra, India. Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA. Inst Rech Subatom, Strasbourg, France. Univ Jammu, Jammu 180001, India. Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Moscow Engn Phys Inst, Moscow 115409, Russia. CUNY City Coll, New York, NY 10031 USA. NIKHEF, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Univ Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, Rajasthan, India. Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA. Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Univ Sci & Technol China, Anhui 230027, Peoples R China. Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Shanghai 201800, Peoples R China. SUBATECH, Nantes, France. Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Tsinghua Univ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. Valparaiso Univ, Valparaiso, IN 46383 USA. Variable Energy Cyclotron Ctr, Kolkata 700064, W Bengal, India. Warsaw Univ Technol, Warsaw, Poland. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. HZNU, Inst Particle Phys, CCNU, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Univ Zagreb, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia. RP Adams, J (reprint author), Univ Birmingham, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. RI Skoro, Goran/F-3642-2010; Chen, Yu/E-3788-2012; Barnby, Lee/G-2135-2010; Mischke, Andre/D-3614-2011; Planinic, Mirko/E-8085-2012; Peitzmann, Thomas/K-2206-2012; Witt, Richard/H-3560-2012; Castillo Castellanos, Javier/G-8915-2013; Lednicky, Richard/K-4164-2013; Sumbera, Michal/O-7497-2014; Skoro, Goran/P-1229-2014; Strikhanov, Mikhail/P-7393-2014; Takahashi, Jun/B-2946-2012; Kisiel, Adam/O-8754-2015; Chaloupka, Petr/E-5965-2012; Suaide, Alexandre/L-6239-2016; Okorokov, Vitaly/C-4800-2017; Ma, Yu-Gang/M-8122-2013 OI Barnby, Lee/0000-0001-7357-9904; Peitzmann, Thomas/0000-0002-7116-899X; Castillo Castellanos, Javier/0000-0002-5187-2779; Sumbera, Michal/0000-0002-0639-7323; Skoro, Goran/0000-0001-7745-9045; Strikhanov, Mikhail/0000-0003-2586-0405; Takahashi, Jun/0000-0002-4091-1779; Kisiel, Adam/0000-0001-8322-9510; Suaide, Alexandre/0000-0003-2847-6556; Okorokov, Vitaly/0000-0002-7162-5345; Ma, Yu-Gang/0000-0002-0233-9900 NR 49 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 EI 1089-490X J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 4 AR 044901 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.70.044901 PG 11 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 870FN UT WOS:000225043100053 ER PT J AU Adams, J Adler, C Aggarwal, MM Ahammed, Z Amonett, J Anderson, BD Anderson, M Arkhipkin, D Averichev, GS Badyal, SK Balewski, J Barannikova, O Barnby, LS Baudot, J Bekele, S Belaga, VV Bellwied, R Berger, J Bezverkhny, BI Bhardwaj, S Bhaskar, P Bhati, AK Bichsel, H Billmeier, A Bland, LC Blyth, CO Bonner, BE Botje, M Boucham, A Brandin, A Bravar, A Cadman, RV Cai, XZ Caines, H Sanchez, MCD Carroll, J Castillo, J Castro, M Cebra, D Chaloupka, P Chattopadhyay, S Chen, HF Chen, Y Chernenko, SP Cherney, M Chikanian, A Choi, B Christie, W Coffin, JP Cormier, TM Cramer, JG Crawford, HJ Das, D Das, S Derevschikov, AA Didenko, L Dietel, T Dong, X Draper, JE Du, F Dubey, AK Dunin, VB Dunlop, JC Majumdar, MRD Eckardt, V Efimov, LG Emelianov, V Engelage, J Eppley, G Erazmus, B Estienne, M Fachini, P Faine, V Faivre, J Fatemi, R Filimonov, K Filip, P Finch, E Fisyak, Y Flierl, D Foley, KJ Fu, J Gagliardi, CA Ganti, MS Gutierrez, TD Gagunashvili, N Gans, J Gaudichet, L Germain, M Geurts, F Ghazikhanian, V Ghosh, P Gonzalez, JE Grachov, O Grigoriev, V Gronstal, S Grosnick, D Guedon, M Guertin, SM Gupta, A Gushin, E Hallman, TJ Hardtke, D Harris, JW Heinz, M Henry, TW Heppelmann, S Herston, T Hippolyte, B Hirsch, A Hjort, E Hoffmann, GW Horsley, M Huang, HZ Huang, SL Humanic, TJ Igo, G Ishihara, A Jacobs, P Jacobs, WW Janik, M Johnson, I Jones, PG Judd, EG Kabana, S Kaneta, M Kaplan, M Keane, D Kiryluk, J Kisiel, A Klay, J Klein, SR Klyachko, A Koetke, DD Kollegger, T Konstantinov, AS Kopytine, M Kotchenda, L Kovalenko, AD Kramer, M Kravtsov, P Krueger, K Kuhn, C Kulikov, AI Kumar, A Kunde, GJ Kunz, CL Kutuev, RK Kuznetsov, AA Lamont, MAC Landgraf, JM Lange, S Lansdell, CP Lasiuk, B Laue, F Lauret, J Lebedev, A Lednicky, R Leontiev, VM LeVine, MJ Li, C Li, Q Lindenbaum, SJ Lisa, MA Liu, F Liu, L Liu, Z Liu, QJ Ljubicic, T Llope, WJ Long, H Longacre, RS Lopez-Noriega, M Love, WA Ludlam, T Lynn, D Ma, J Ma, YG Magestro, D Mahajan, S Mangotra, LK Mahapatra, DP Majka, R Manweiler, R Margetis, S Markert, C Martin, L Marx, J Matis, HS Matulenko, YA McShane, TS Meissner, F Melnick, Y Meschanin, A Messer, M Miller, ML Milosevich, Z Minaev, NG Mironov, C Mishra, D Mitchell, J Mohanty, B Molnar, L Moore, CF Mora-Corral, MJ Morozov, V de Moura, MM Munhoz, MG Nandi, BK Nayak, SK Nayak, TK Nelson, JM Nevski, P Nikitin, VA Nogach, LV Norman, B Nurushev, SB Odyniec, G Ogawa, A Okorokov, V Oldenburg, M Olson, D Paic, G Pandey, SU Pal, SK Panebratsev, Y Panitkin, SY Pavlinov, AI Pawlak, T Perevoztchikov, V Peryt, W Petrov, VA Phatak, SC Picha, R Planinic, M Pluta, J Porile, N Porter, J Poskanzer, AM Potekhin, M Potrebenikova, E Potukuchi, BVKS Prindle, D Pruneau, C Putschke, J Rai, G Rakness, G Raniwala, R Raniwala, S Ravel, O Ray, RL Razin, SV Reichhold, D Reid, JG Renault, G Retiere, F Ridiger, A Ritter, HG Roberts, JB Rogachevski, OV Romero, JL Rose, A Roy, C Ruan, LJ Sahoo, R Sakrejda, I Salur, S Sandweiss, J Savin, I Schambach, J Scharenberg, RP Schmitz, N Schroeder, LS Schweda, K Seger, J Seliverstov, D Seyboth, P Shahaliev, E Shao, M Sharma, M Shestermanov, KE Shimanskii, SS Singaraju, RN Simon, F Skoro, G Smirnov, N Snellings, R Sood, G Sorensen, P Sowinski, J Spinka, HM Srivastava, B Stanislaus, S Stock, R Stolpovsky, A Strikhanov, M Stringfellow, B Struck, C Suaide, AAP Sugarbaker, E Suire, C Sumbera, M Surrow, B Symons, TJM de Toledo, AS Szarwas, P Tai, A Takahashi, J Tang, AH Thein, D Thomas, JH Tikhomirov, V Tokarev, M Tonjes, MB Trainor, TA Trentalange, S Tribble, RE Trivedi, MD Trofimov, V Tsai, O Ullrich, T Underwood, DG Van Buren, G VanderMolen, AM Vasiliev, AN Vasiliev, M Vigdor, SE Viyogi, YP Voloshin, SA Waggoner, W Wang, F Wang, G Wang, XL Wang, ZM Ward, H Watson, JW Wells, R Westfall, GD Whitten, C Wieman, H Willson, R Wissink, SW Witt, R Wood, J Wu, J Xu, N Xu, Z Xu, ZZ Yakutin, AE Yamamoto, E Yang, J Yepes, P Yurevich, VI Zanevski, YV Zborovsky, I Zhang, H Zhang, HY Zhang, WM Zhang, ZP Zolnierczuk, PA Zoulkarneev, R Zoulkarneeva, J Zubarev, AN AF Adams, J Adler, C Aggarwal, MM Ahammed, Z Amonett, J Anderson, BD Anderson, M Arkhipkin, D Averichev, GS Badyal, SK Balewski, J Barannikova, O Barnby, LS Baudot, J Bekele, S Belaga, VV Bellwied, R Berger, J Bezverkhny, BI Bhardwaj, S Bhaskar, P Bhati, AK Bichsel, H Billmeier, A Bland, LC Blyth, CO Bonner, BE Botje, M Boucham, A Brandin, A Bravar, A Cadman, RV Cai, XZ Caines, H Sanchez, MCD Carroll, J Castillo, J Castro, M Cebra, D Chaloupka, P Chattopadhyay, S Chen, HF Chen, Y Chernenko, SP Cherney, M Chikanian, A Choi, B Christie, W Coffin, JP Cormier, TM Cramer, JG Crawford, HJ Das, D Das, S Derevschikov, AA Didenko, L Dietel, T Dong, X Draper, JE Du, F Dubey, AK Dunin, VB Dunlop, JC Majumdar, MRD Eckardt, V Efimov, LG Emelianov, V Engelage, J Eppley, G Erazmus, B Estienne, M Fachini, P Faine, V Faivre, J Fatemi, R Filimonov, K Filip, P Finch, E Fisyak, Y Flierl, D Foley, KJ Fu, J Gagliardi, CA Ganti, MS Gutierrez, TD Gagunashvili, N Gans, J Gaudichet, L Germain, M Geurts, F Ghazikhanian, V Ghosh, P Gonzalez, JE Grachov, O Grigoriev, V Gronstal, S Grosnick, D Guedon, M Guertin, SM Gupta, A Gushin, E Hallman, TJ Hardtke, D Harris, JW Heinz, M Henry, TW Heppelmann, S Herston, T Hippolyte, B Hirsch, A Hjort, E Hoffmann, GW Horsley, M Huang, HZ Huang, SL Humanic, TJ Igo, G Ishihara, A Jacobs, P Jacobs, WW Janik, M Johnson, I Jones, PG Judd, EG Kabana, S Kaneta, M Kaplan, M Keane, D Kiryluk, J Kisiel, A Klay, J Klein, SR Klyachko, A Koetke, DD Kollegger, T Konstantinov, AS Kopytine, M Kotchenda, L Kovalenko, AD Kramer, M Kravtsov, P Krueger, K Kuhn, C Kulikov, AI Kumar, A Kunde, GJ Kunz, CL Kutuev, RK Kuznetsov, AA Lamont, MAC Landgraf, JM Lange, S Lansdell, CP Lasiuk, B Laue, F Lauret, J Lebedev, A Lednicky, R Leontiev, VM LeVine, MJ Li, C Li, Q Lindenbaum, SJ Lisa, MA Liu, F Liu, L Liu, Z Liu, QJ Ljubicic, T Llope, WJ Long, H Longacre, RS Lopez-Noriega, M Love, WA Ludlam, T Lynn, D Ma, J Ma, YG Magestro, D Mahajan, S Mangotra, LK Mahapatra, DP Majka, R Manweiler, R Margetis, S Markert, C Martin, L Marx, J Matis, HS Matulenko, YA McShane, TS Meissner, F Melnick, Y Meschanin, A Messer, M Miller, ML Milosevich, Z Minaev, NG Mironov, C Mishra, D Mitchell, J Mohanty, B Molnar, L Moore, CF Mora-Corral, MJ Morozov, V de Moura, MM Munhoz, MG Nandi, BK Nayak, SK Nayak, TK Nelson, JM Nevski, P Nikitin, VA Nogach, LV Norman, B Nurushev, SB Odyniec, G Ogawa, A Okorokov, V Oldenburg, M Olson, D Paic, G Pandey, SU Pal, SK Panebratsev, Y Panitkin, SY Pavlinov, AI Pawlak, T Perevoztchikov, V Peryt, W Petrov, VA Phatak, SC Picha, R Planinic, M Pluta, J Porile, N Porter, J Poskanzer, AM Potekhin, M Potrebenikova, E Potukuchi, BVKS Prindle, D Pruneau, C Putschke, J Rai, G Rakness, G Raniwala, R Raniwala, S Ravel, O Ray, RL Razin, SV Reichhold, D Reid, JG Renault, G Retiere, F Ridiger, A Ritter, HG Roberts, JB Rogachevski, OV Romero, JL Rose, A Roy, C Ruan, LJ Sahoo, R Sakrejda, I Salur, S Sandweiss, J Savin, I Schambach, J Scharenberg, RP Schmitz, N Schroeder, LS Schweda, K Seger, J Seliverstov, D Seyboth, P Shahaliev, E Shao, M Sharma, M Shestermanov, KE Shimanskii, SS Singaraju, RN Simon, F Skoro, G Smirnov, N Snellings, R Sood, G Sorensen, P Sowinski, J Spinka, HM Srivastava, B Stanislaus, S Stock, R Stolpovsky, A Strikhanov, M Stringfellow, B Struck, C Suaide, AAP Sugarbaker, E Suire, C Sumbera, M Surrow, B Symons, TJM de Toledo, AS Szarwas, P Tai, A Takahashi, J Tang, AH Thein, D Thomas, JH Tikhomirov, V Tokarev, M Tonjes, MB Trainor, TA Trentalange, S Tribble, RE Trivedi, MD Trofimov, V Tsai, O Ullrich, T Underwood, DG Van Buren, G VanderMolen, AM Vasiliev, AN Vasiliev, M Vigdor, SE Viyogi, YP Voloshin, SA Waggoner, W Wang, F Wang, G Wang, XL Wang, ZM Ward, H Watson, JW Wells, R Westfall, GD Whitten, C Wieman, H Willson, R Wissink, SW Witt, R Wood, J Wu, J Xu, N Xu, Z Xu, ZZ Yakutin, AE Yamamoto, E Yang, J Yepes, P Yurevich, VI Zanevski, YV Zborovsky, I Zhang, H Zhang, HY Zhang, WM Zhang, ZP Zolnierczuk, PA Zoulkarneev, R Zoulkarneeva, J Zubarev, AN TI Photon and neutral pion production in Au plus Au collisions at root s(NN)=130 GeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; FLOW; STAR AB We report inclusive photon measurements about midrapidity (\y\<0.5) from Au-197+Au-197 collisions at roots(NN)=130 GeV at RHIC. Photon pair conversions were reconstructed from electron and positron tracks measured with the Time Projection Chamber (TPC) of the STAR experiment. With this method, an energy resolution of DeltaE/Eapproximate to2% at 0.5 GeV has been achieved. Reconstructed photons have also been used to measure the transverse momentum (p(t)) spectra of pi(0) mesons about midrapidity (\y\<1) via the pi(0)-->gammagamma decay channel. The fractional contribution of the pi(0)-->gammagamma decay to the inclusive photon spectrum decreases by 20%+/-5% between p(t)=1.65 GeV/c and p(t)=2.4 GeV/c in the most central events, indicating that relative to pi(0)-->gammagamma decay the contribution of other photon sources is substantially increasing. C1 Univ Birmingham, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Creighton Univ, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. AS CR, Inst Nucl Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. JINR, Lab High Energy, Dubna, Russia. JINR, Particle Phys Lab, Dubna, Russia. Goethe Univ Frankfurt, D-6000 Frankfurt, Germany. Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA. Inst Phys, Bhubaneswar 751005, Orissa, India. Inst Rech Subatom, Strasbourg, France. Univ Jammu, Jammu 180001, India. Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Moscow Engn Phys Inst, Moscow 115409, Russia. CUNY City Coll, New York, NY 10031 USA. NIKHEF, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Univ Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, Rajasthan, India. Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA. Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Univ Sci & Technol China, Anhui 230027, Peoples R China. Shanghai Inst Nucl Res, Shanghai 201800, Peoples R China. SUBATECH, Nantes, France. Texas A&M, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Valparaiso Univ, Valparaiso, IN 46383 USA. Variable Energy Cyclotron Ctr, Kolkata 700064, W Bengal, India. Warsaw Univ Technol, Warsaw, Poland. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. HZNU, CCNU, Inst Particle Phys, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Univ Zagreb, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia. RP Adams, J (reprint author), Univ Birmingham, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. RI Strikhanov, Mikhail/P-7393-2014; Kisiel, Adam/O-8754-2015; Tikhomirov, Vladimir/M-6194-2015; Chaloupka, Petr/E-5965-2012; Nevski, Pavel/M-6292-2015; Suaide, Alexandre/L-6239-2016; Okorokov, Vitaly/C-4800-2017; Skoro, Goran/F-3642-2010; Planinic, Mirko/E-8085-2012; Castillo Castellanos, Javier/G-8915-2013; Lednicky, Richard/K-4164-2013; Voloshin, Sergei/I-4122-2013; Zborovsky, Imrich/G-7964-2014; Sumbera, Michal/O-7497-2014; Skoro, Goran/P-1229-2014; Johnson, Ian/I-2439-2013; Chen, Yu/E-3788-2012; Takahashi, Jun/B-2946-2012; Barnby, Lee/G-2135-2010; Witt, Richard/H-3560-2012 OI Strikhanov, Mikhail/0000-0003-2586-0405; Kisiel, Adam/0000-0001-8322-9510; Tikhomirov, Vladimir/0000-0002-9634-0581; Suaide, Alexandre/0000-0003-2847-6556; Okorokov, Vitaly/0000-0002-7162-5345; Castillo Castellanos, Javier/0000-0002-5187-2779; Sumbera, Michal/0000-0002-0639-7323; Skoro, Goran/0000-0001-7745-9045; Takahashi, Jun/0000-0002-4091-1779; Barnby, Lee/0000-0001-7357-9904; NR 22 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 EI 1089-490X J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 4 AR 044902 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.70.044902 PG 12 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 870FN UT WOS:000225043100054 ER PT J AU Ahmad, I Greene, JP Moore, EF Kutschera, W Vockenhuber, C AF Ahmad, I Greene, JP Moore, EF Kutschera, W Vockenhuber, C TI Absolute intensities of gamma rays in Hf-182 decay SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID TA-182 AB The absolute intensities of gamma rays produced in the decay of Hf-182 were determined by measuring its gamma-ray spectra with high-resolution Ge spectrometers. Because the sample was chemically purified more than 30 years ago, the daughter Ta-182 (t(1/2)=114.43 d) was in secular equilibrium with Hf-182 (t(1/2)=8.90x10(6) yr). The absolute intensities of Hf-182 gamma rays were determined with respect to the intensities of Ta-182 gamma lines. In order to minimize summing losses from the peak areas, spectra were measured at low absolute efficiencies. The absolute intensity of the 270.4-keV-gamma ray was found to be (79.0+/-0.6)% per Hf-182 beta(-) decay. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Vienna, Inst Isotope Res & Nucl Phys, Vienna, Austria. RP Ahmad, I (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 11 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 4 AR 047301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.70.047301 PG 3 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 870FN UT WOS:000225043100075 ER PT J AU Balabanski, DL Danchev, M Hartley, DJ Riedinger, LL Zeidan, O Zhang, JY Barton, CJ Beausang, CW Caprio, MA Casten, RF Cooper, JR Hecht, AA Krucken, R Novak, JR Zamfir, NV Zyromski, KE AF Balabanski, DL Danchev, M Hartley, DJ Riedinger, LL Zeidan, O Zhang, JY Barton, CJ Beausang, CW Caprio, MA Casten, RF Cooper, JR Hecht, AA Krucken, R Novak, JR Zamfir, NV Zyromski, KE TI Possible assignment of chiral twin bands in Ir-188 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID GROUND-STATE PROPERTIES; ROTATIONAL BANDS; TRIAXIAL NUCLEI; SPIN; COEXISTENCE; ISOTOPES AB High-spin states in the doubly-odd Z=77 nucleus Ir-188 were populated in the W-186(Li-7,5n) reaction at 52 MeV. Two nearly degenerate DeltaI=1 sequences with the same parity were established. Both bands have been assigned the pih(9/2)circle timesnui(13/2) configuration, based on the systematic behavior of these excitations in the Ir nuclei and on the measured values for the B(M1)/B(E2) ratios, and they are suggested as candidates for a chiral doublet. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. St Kliment Ohridski Univ Sofia, Fac Phys, BG-1164 Sofia, Bulgaria. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Yale Univ, Dept Phys, WNSL, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Clark Univ, Worcester, MA 01610 USA. Natl Inst Phys & Nucl Engn, Bucharest, Romania. RP Balabanski, DL (reprint author), Univ Camerino, Dipartimento Fis, I-62032 Camerino, MC, Italy. RI Zamfir, Nicolae Victor/F-2544-2011; Kruecken, Reiner/A-1640-2013 OI Kruecken, Reiner/0000-0002-2755-8042 NR 35 TC 31 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 4 AR 044305 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.70.044305 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 870FN UT WOS:000225043100023 ER PT J AU Esbensen, H AF Esbensen, H TI Constraints on the Be-7(p,gamma)B-8 radiative capture rate from charge symmetry SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID CROSS-SECTIONS; LOW ENERGIES; COULOMB; B-8 AB Cross sections for the dipole radiative capture reactions Li-7(n,gamma)Li-8 and Be-7(p,gamma)B-8 are calculated in a two-body model, which is based on a Woods-Saxon parametrization of the nuclear interaction. The well depth is adjusted for each reaction channel so that the measured separation energies and s-wave scattering lengths are reproduced. The calculations are repeated for a wide range of the radius and the diffuseness of the interaction. The predicted S factor for the radiative proton capture on Be-7 falls within a surprisingly narrow range of values when the model is calibrated to reproduce measurements of the mirror reaction Li-7(n,gamma)Li-8. The simplified model used here is consistent with the shell model approach for proton capture on Be-7 but it gives a significantly smaller cross section for neutron capture on Li-7. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Esbensen, H (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 17 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 4 AR 047603 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.70.047603 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 870FN UT WOS:000225043100079 ER PT J AU Friar, JL van Kolck, U Rentmeester, MCM Timmermans, RGE AF Friar, JL van Kolck, U Rentmeester, MCM Timmermans, RGE TI Nucleon-mass difference in chiral perturbation theory and nuclear forces SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID CHARGE-SYMMETRY-BREAKING; PROTON ELASTIC-SCATTERING; EFFECTIVE-FIELD THEORY; PARTIAL-WAVE ANALYSIS; 3-NUCLEON FORCES; 2-PION EXCHANGE; LAGRANGIANS; VIOLATION; INDEPENDENCE; ENERGY AB A method is developed for treating the effect of the neutron-proton mass difference in isospin-violating nuclear forces. Previous treatments utilized an awkward subtraction scheme to generate these forces. A field redefinition is used to remove that mass difference from the free Lagrangian (and hence from asymptotic nucleon states) and replace its effect by effective interactions. Previous calculations of static class II charge-independence-breaking and class III charge-symmetry-breaking potentials are verified using the new scheme, which is also used to calculate class IV nuclear forces. Two-body forces of the latter type are found to be identical to previously obtained results. A three-body force is also found. Problems involving Galilean invariance with class IV one-pion-exchange forces are identified and resolved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Arizona, Dept Phys, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Nijmegen, Dept Theoret Phys, NL-6500 GL Nijmegen, Netherlands. Univ Groningen, KVI, NL-9747 AA Groningen, Netherlands. RP Friar, JL (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 71 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 EI 1089-490X J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 4 AR 044001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.70.044001 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 870FN UT WOS:000225043100011 ER PT J AU Hale, SE Champagne, AE Iliadis, C Hansper, VY Powell, DC Blackmon, JC AF Hale, SE Champagne, AE Iliadis, C Hansper, VY Powell, DC Blackmon, JC TI Investigation of the Na-23(p,gamma)Mg-24 and Na-23(p,alpha)Ne-20 reactions via (He-3,d) spectroscopy SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID THERMONUCLEAR REACTION-RATES; PROTON-THRESHOLD STATES; RED GIANT STARS; ALUMINUM ABUNDANCES; GLOBULAR-CLUSTERS; QUASIBOUND LEVELS; NENA CYCLE; MG-24; STRENGTHS; RESONANCE AB States near the Na-23+p threshold in Mg-24 were investigated using the Na-23(He-3,d)Mg-24 reaction over the angular range of 5degreesless than or equal totheta(lab)less than or equal to35degrees at E(He-3)=20 MeV. Spectroscopic factors were extracted for states corresponding to resonances in the Na-23(p,gamma)Mg-24 and Na-23(p,alpha)Ne-20 reactions. We find that one state, corresponding to a previously unobserved resonance at E-c.m.=138 keV, may make a significant contribution to the rates of both reactions at low temperatures. Another state, corresponding to a possible resonance at E-c.m.=37 keV may make a small contribution to the Na-23(p,alpha)Ne-20 reaction. New rates for the Na-23(p,gamma)Mg-24 and Na-23(p,alpha)Ne-20 reactions are presented and the astrophysical implications are discussed. C1 Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. Triangle Univ Nucl Lab, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Hale, SE (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. NR 54 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 EI 1089-490X J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 4 AR 045802 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.70.045802 PG 14 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 870FN UT WOS:000225043100070 ER PT J AU Holl, A Krassnigg, A Roberts, CD AF Holl, A Krassnigg, A Roberts, CD TI Pseudoscalar meson radial excitations SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID DYSON-SCHWINGER EQUATIONS; VECTOR CURRENT HYPOTHESIS; QUARK PROPAGATOR; CHIRAL-SYMMETRY; MODEL; SPECTRUM; SYSTEMS; MASS; PI AB Goldstone modes are the only pseudoscalar mesons to possess a nonzero leptonic decay constant in the chiral limit when chiral symmetry is dynamically broken. The decay constants of their radial excitations vanish. These features and aspects of their impact on the meson spectrum are illustrated using a manifestly covariant and symmetry-preserving model of the kernels in the gap and Bethe-Salpeter equations. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Rostock, Fachbereich Phys, D-18051 Rostock, Germany. RP Holl, A (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 32 TC 98 Z9 98 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 4 AR 042203 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.70.042203 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 870FN UT WOS:000225043100009 ER PT J AU Joo, K Smith, LC Aznauryan, IG Burkert, VD Minehart, R Adams, G Ambrozewicz, P Anciant, E Anghinolfi, M Asavapibhop, B Asryan, G Audit, G Auger, T Avakian, H Bagdasaryan, H Ball, JP Barrow, S Batourine, V Battaglieri, M Beard, K Bektasoglu, M Benmouna, N Bianchi, N Biselli, AS Boiarinov, S Bonner, BE Bouchigny, S Bradford, R Branford, D Briscoe, WJ Brooks, WK Bultmann, S Butuceanu, C Calarco, JR Carman, DS Carnahan, B Cetina, C Chen, S Ciciani, L Cole, PL Cords, D Corvisiero, P Crabb, D Crannell, H Cummings, JP De Sanctis, E DeVita, R Degtyarenko, PV Dennis, L Deur, A Dharmawardane, KV Dhuga, KS Djalali, C Dodge, GE Doughty, D Dragovitsch, P Dugger, M Dytman, S Dzyubak, OP Egiyan, H Egiyan, KS Elouadrhiri, L Empl, A Eugenio, P Fersch, R Feuerbach, RJ Forest, TA Funsten, H Gaff, SJ Garcon, M Gavalian, G Gilad, S Gilfoyle, GP Giovanetti, KL Gothe, RW Griffioen, KA Guidal, M Guillo, M Guler, N Guo, L Gyurjyan, V Hadjidakis, C Hakobyan, RS Hardie, J Heddle, D Hersman, FW Hicks, K Hleiqawi, I Holtrop, M Hu, J Hyde-Wright, CE Ilieva, Y Ireland, D Ito, MM Jenkins, D Juengst, HG Kellie, JD Kelley, JH Khandaker, M Kim, KY Kim, K Kim, W Klein, A Klein, FJ Klimenko, AV Klusman, M Kossov, M Koubarovski, V Kramer, LH Kuhn, SE Kuhn, J Lachniet, J Laget, JM Langheinrich, J Lawrence, D Lee, T Livingston, K Lukashin, K Manak, JJ Marchand, C McAleer, S McNabb, JWC Mecking, BA Mestayer, MD Meyer, CA Mikhailov, K Mirazita, M Miskimen, R Mokeev, V Morand, L Morrow, SA Muccifora, V Mueller, J Mutchler, GS Napolitano, J Nasseripour, R Nelson, SO Niccolai, S Niculescu, G Niculescu, I Niczyporuk, BB Niyazov, RA Nozar, M O'Rielly, GV Osipenko, M Ostrovidov, AI Park, K Pasyuk, E Peterson, G Philips, SA Pivnyuk, N Pocanic, D Pogorelko, O Polli, E Pozdniakov, S Preedom, BM Price, JW Prok, Y Protopopescu, D Qin, LM Raue, BA Riccardi, G Ricco, G Ripani, M Ritchie, BG Ronchetti, F Rosner, G Rossi, P Rowntree, D Rubin, PD Sabatie, F Sabourov, K Salgado, C Santoro, JP Sapunenko, V Schumacher, RA Serov, VS Sharabian, YG Shaw, J Simionatto, S Skabelin, AV Smith, ES Sober, DI Spraker, M Stavinsky, A Stepanyan, S Stepanyan, SS Stokes, BE Stoler, P Strakovsky, II Strauch, S Taiuti, M Taylor, S Tedeschi, DJ Thoma, U Thompson, R Tkabladze, A Todor, L Tur, C Ungaro, M Vineyard, MF Vlassov, AV Wang, K Weinstein, LB Weller, H Weygand, DP Williams, M Wolin, E Wood, MH Yegneswaran, A Yun, J Zana, L AF Joo, K Smith, LC Aznauryan, IG Burkert, VD Minehart, R Adams, G Ambrozewicz, P Anciant, E Anghinolfi, M Asavapibhop, B Asryan, G Audit, G Auger, T Avakian, H Bagdasaryan, H Ball, JP Barrow, S Batourine, V Battaglieri, M Beard, K Bektasoglu, M Benmouna, N Bianchi, N Biselli, AS Boiarinov, S Bonner, BE Bouchigny, S Bradford, R Branford, D Briscoe, WJ Brooks, WK Bultmann, S Butuceanu, C Calarco, JR Carman, DS Carnahan, B Cetina, C Chen, S Ciciani, L Cole, PL Cords, D Corvisiero, P Crabb, D Crannell, H Cummings, JP De Sanctis, E DeVita, R Degtyarenko, PV Dennis, L Deur, A Dharmawardane, KV Dhuga, KS Djalali, C Dodge, GE Doughty, D Dragovitsch, P Dugger, M Dytman, S Dzyubak, OP Egiyan, H Egiyan, KS Elouadrhiri, L Empl, A Eugenio, P Fersch, R Feuerbach, RJ Forest, TA Funsten, H Gaff, SJ Garcon, M Gavalian, G Gilad, S Gilfoyle, GP Giovanetti, KL Gothe, RW Griffioen, KA Guidal, M Guillo, M Guler, N Guo, L Gyurjyan, V Hadjidakis, C Hakobyan, RS Hardie, J Heddle, D Hersman, FW Hicks, K Hleiqawi, I Holtrop, M Hu, J Hyde-Wright, CE Ilieva, Y Ireland, D Ito, MM Jenkins, D Juengst, HG Kellie, JD Kelley, JH Khandaker, M Kim, KY Kim, K Kim, W Klein, A Klein, FJ Klimenko, AV Klusman, M Kossov, M Koubarovski, V Kramer, LH Kuhn, SE Kuhn, J Lachniet, J Laget, JM Langheinrich, J Lawrence, D Lee, T Livingston, K Lukashin, K Manak, JJ Marchand, C McAleer, S McNabb, JWC Mecking, BA Mestayer, MD Meyer, CA Mikhailov, K Mirazita, M Miskimen, R Mokeev, V Morand, L Morrow, SA Muccifora, V Mueller, J Mutchler, GS Napolitano, J Nasseripour, R Nelson, SO Niccolai, S Niculescu, G Niculescu, I Niczyporuk, BB Niyazov, RA Nozar, M O'Rielly, GV Osipenko, M Ostrovidov, AI Park, K Pasyuk, E Peterson, G Philips, SA Pivnyuk, N Pocanic, D Pogorelko, O Polli, E Pozdniakov, S Preedom, BM Price, JW Prok, Y Protopopescu, D Qin, LM Raue, BA Riccardi, G Ricco, G Ripani, M Ritchie, BG Ronchetti, F Rosner, G Rossi, P Rowntree, D Rubin, PD Sabatie, F Sabourov, K Salgado, C Santoro, JP Sapunenko, V Schumacher, RA Serov, VS Sharabian, YG Shaw, J Simionatto, S Skabelin, AV Smith, ES Sober, DI Spraker, M Stavinsky, A Stepanyan, S Stepanyan, SS Stokes, BE Stoler, P Strakovsky, II Strauch, S Taiuti, M Taylor, S Tedeschi, DJ Thoma, U Thompson, R Tkabladze, A Todor, L Tur, C Ungaro, M Vineyard, MF Vlassov, AV Wang, K Weinstein, LB Weller, H Weygand, DP Williams, M Wolin, E Wood, MH Yegneswaran, A Yun, J Zana, L CA CLAS Collaboration TI Measurement of the polarized structure function sigma(LT ') for p((e)over-right-arrow,e(')pi(+))n in the Delta(1232) resonance region SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID ELECTROPRODUCTION; PROTON AB The polarized longitudinal-transverse structure function sigma(LT') has been measured using the p((e) over right arrow ,e'pi(+))n reaction in the Delta(1232) resonance region at Q(2)=0.40 and 0.65 GeV2. No previous sigma(LT') data exist for this reaction channel. The kinematically complete experiment was performed at the Jefferson Lab with the CEBAF large acceptance spectrometer using longitudinally polarized electrons at an energy of 1.515 GeV. A partial-wave analysis of the data shows generally better agreement with recent phenomenological models of pion electroproduction compared to the previously measured pi(0)p channel. A fit to both pi(0)p and pi(+)n channels using a unitary isobar model suggests the unitarized Born terms provide a consistent description of the nonresonant background. The t-channel pion pole term is important in the pi(0)p channel through a rescattering correction, which could be model dependent. C1 Univ Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. CEA Saclay, Serv Phys Nucl, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Catholic Univ Amer, Washington, DC 20064 USA. Christopher Newport Univ, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Univ Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Midlothian, Scotland. Florida Int Univ, Miami, FL 33199 USA. Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Univ Giessen, Inst Phys, D-35392 Giessen, Germany. Univ Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. Lab Nazl Frascati, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Frascati, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Genova, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Idaho State Univ, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA. Inst Phys Nucl, Orsay, France. Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. James Madison Univ, Harrisonburg, VA 22807 USA. Kyungpook Natl Univ, Taegu 702701, South Korea. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Gen Nucl Phys Inst, Moscow 119899, Russia. Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA. Norfolk State Univ, Norfolk, VA 23504 USA. George Washington Univ, Washington, DC 20052 USA. Ohio Univ, Athens, OH 45701 USA. Old Dominion Univ, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Troy, NY 12180 USA. Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77005 USA. Univ Richmond, Richmond, VA 23173 USA. Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Union Coll, Schenectady, NY 12308 USA. Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. Coll William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. RP Joo, K (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. RI Osipenko, Mikhail/N-8292-2015; Ireland, David/E-8618-2010; Bektasoglu, Mehmet/A-2074-2012; Protopopescu, Dan/D-5645-2012; riccardi, gabriele/A-9269-2012; Zana, Lorenzo/H-3032-2012; Brooks, William/C-8636-2013; Schumacher, Reinhard/K-6455-2013; Auger, Thierry/L-1073-2013; Meyer, Curtis/L-3488-2014; Sabatie, Franck/K-9066-2015 OI Osipenko, Mikhail/0000-0001-9618-3013; Ireland, David/0000-0001-7713-7011; Brooks, William/0000-0001-6161-3570; Schumacher, Reinhard/0000-0002-3860-1827; Meyer, Curtis/0000-0001-7599-3973; Sabatie, Franck/0000-0001-7031-3975 NR 26 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 4 AR 042201 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.70.042201 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 870FN UT WOS:000225043100007 ER PT J AU Julia-Diaz, B Riska, DO Coester, F AF Julia-Diaz, B Riska, DO Coester, F TI Axial transition form factors and pion decay of baryon resonances SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID QUARK-MODEL; THRESHOLD; ELECTROPRODUCTION; NUCLEON AB The pion decay constants of the lowest orbitally excited states of the nucleon and the Delta(1232) along with the corresponding axial transition form factors are calculated with Poincare covariant constituent-quark models with instant, point, and front forms of relativistic kinematics. The model wave functions are chosen such that the calculated electromagnetic and axial form factors of the nucleon represent the empirical values in all three forms of kinematics, when calculated with single-constituent currents. The pion decay widths calculated with the three forms of kinematics are smaller than the empirical values. Front and instant form kinematics provide a similar description, with a slight preference for front form, while the point form values are significantly smaller in the case of the lowest positive parity resonances. C1 Univ Helsinki, Helsinki Inst Phys, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland. Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys Sci, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Julia-Diaz, B (reprint author), Univ Helsinki, Helsinki Inst Phys, POB 64, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland. EM Bruno.Julia@helsinki.fi; riska@pcu.helsinki.fi; coester@anl.gov RI Julia-Diaz, Bruno/E-5825-2010 OI Julia-Diaz, Bruno/0000-0002-0145-6734 NR 20 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 4 AR 045204 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.70.045204 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 870FN UT WOS:000225043100064 ER PT J AU Luo, YX Rasmussen, JO Hamilton, JH Ramayya, AV Hwang, JK Zhu, SJ Gore, PM Wu, SC Lee, IY Fallon, P Ginter, TN Ter-Akopian, GM Daniel, AV Stoyer, MA Donangelo, R Gelberg, A AF Luo, YX Rasmussen, JO Hamilton, JH Ramayya, AV Hwang, JK Zhu, SJ Gore, PM Wu, SC Lee, IY Fallon, P Ginter, TN Ter-Akopian, GM Daniel, AV Stoyer, MA Donangelo, R Gelberg, A TI New level schemes with high-spin states of Tc-105,Tc-107,Tc-109 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID ISOTOPES; FISSION; IDENTIFICATION; QUASIPARTICLE; BANDS AB New level schemes of odd-Z Tc-105,Tc-107,Tc-109 are proposed based on the Cf-252 spontaneous-fission-gamma data taken with Gammasphere in 2000. Bands of levels are considerably extended and expanded to show rich spectroscopic information. Spin/parity and configuration assignments are made based on determinations of multipolarities of low-lying transitions and the level analogies to the previously reported levels, and to those of the neighboring Rh isotopes. A non-yrast negative-parity band built on the 3/2(-)[301] orbital is observed for the first time in Tc-105. A positive-parity band built on the 1/2(+)[431] intruder orbital originating from the pi(g(7/2)/d(5/2)) subshells and having a strong deformation-driving effect is observed for the first time in Tc-105, and assigned in Tc-107. A positive-parity band built on the excited 11/2(+) level, which has rather low excitation energy and predominantly decays into the 9/2(+) level of the ground state band, provides evidence of triaxiality in Tc-107,Tc-109, and probably also in Tc-105. Rotational constants are calculated and discussed for the K=1/2 intruder bands using the Bohr-Mottelson formula. Level systematics are discussed in terms of the locations of proton Fermi levels and deformations. The band crossings of yrast positive-parity bands are observed, most likely related to h(11/2) neutron alignment. Triaxial-rotor-plus-particle model calculations performed with epsilon=0.32 and gamma=-22.5degrees on the prolate side of maximum triaxiality yielded the best reproduction of the excitation energies, signature splittings, and branching ratios of the positive-parity bands (except for the intruder bands) of these Tc isotopes. The significant discrepancies between the triaxial-rotor-plus-particle model calculations and experiment for the K=1/2 intruder bands in Tc-105,Tc-107 need further theoretical studies. C1 Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Modern Phys, Lanzhou 730000, Peoples R China. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Tsing Hua Univ, Dept Phys, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. Natl Tsing Hua Univ, Dept Phys, Hsinchu, Taiwan. Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Joint Inst Nucl Res, Flerov Lab Nucl React, Dubna, Russia. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, BR-68528 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Univ Cologne, Inst Kernphys, D-50937 Cologne, Germany. RP Luo, YX (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. NR 24 TC 44 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 4 AR 044310 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.70.044310 PG 18 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 870FN UT WOS:000225043100028 ER PT J AU Pasquini, B Vanderhaeghen, M AF Pasquini, B Vanderhaeghen, M TI Resonance estimates for single spin asymmetries in elastic electron-nucleon scattering SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID VIRTUAL COMPTON-SCATTERING; LEPTON-HADRON SCATTERING; MAGNETIC FORM-FACTORS; PROTON SCATTERING; AMPLITUDES AB We discuss the target and beam normal spin asymmetries in elastic electron-nucleon scattering which depend on the imaginary part of two-photon exchange processes between electron and nucleon. We express this imaginary part as a phase space integral over the doubly virtual Compton scattering tensor on the nucleon. We use unitarity to model the doubly virtual Compton scattering tensor in the resonance region in terms of gamma*N-->piN electroabsorption amplitudes. Taking those amplitudes from a phenomenological analysis of pion electroproduction observables, we present results for beam and target normal single spin asymmetries for elastic electron-nucleon scattering for beam energies below 1 GeV and in the 1-3 GeV region, where several experiments are performed or are in progress. C1 Univ Pavia, Dipartimento Fis Nucl & Teor, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. ECT, Villazzano, Trento, Italy. Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Coll William & Mary, Dept Phys, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. RP Pasquini, B (reprint author), Univ Pavia, Dipartimento Fis Nucl & Teor, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. OI Pasquini, Barbara/0000-0001-8433-5649 NR 28 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 4 AR 045206 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.70.045206 PG 14 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 870FN UT WOS:000225043100066 ER PT J AU Raman, S Ouyang, X Islam, MA Starner, JW Jurney, ET Lynn, JE Martinez-Pinedo, G AF Raman, S Ouyang, X Islam, MA Starner, JW Jurney, ET Lynn, JE Martinez-Pinedo, G TI Thermal-neutron capture by 58Ni, 59Ni, and 60Ni SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Review ID GAMMA-RAY SPECTROSCOPY; 2-NEUTRON TRANSFER-REACTIONS; CHARGED-PARTICLE REACTIONS; VECTOR ANALYZING POWER; NI-59 FOLLOWING BETA; 11.4 MEV PHOTONS; RADIATIVE-CAPTURE; NICKEL ISOTOPES; LEVEL STRUCTURE; CROSS-SECTIONS AB We have studied the primary and secondary gamma rays (414 in Ni-59, 390 in Ni-60, and 240 in Ni-61) following thermal-neutron capture by the stable Ni-58, radioactive Ni-59, and stable Ni-60 isotopes. Most of these gamma rays have been incorporated into the corresponding level schemes consisting of 65 levels in Ni-59, 88 levels in Ni-60, and 40 levels in Ni-61. The measured neutron separation energies (S-n in keV) for Ni-59, Ni-60, and Ni-61 are, respectively, 8999.28+/-0.05, 11 387.73+/-0.05, and 7820.11+/-0.05. The measured thermal-neutron capture cross sections (in barns) for Ni-58, Ni-59, and Ni-60 are, respectively, 4.13+/-0.05, 73.7+/-1.8, and 2.34+/-0.05. In all three cases, primary electric-dipole (E1) transitions account for the bulk of the total capture cross section. We have calculated these E1 partial cross sections (in Ni-59 and Ni-61) using direct-capture theory and models of compound-nuclear capture. The agreement between theory and experiment is good. The experimental level schemes have been compared with the results from a large-basis shell-model calculation. The agreement was also found to be quite good. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Autonoma Barcelona, ICREA, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Inst Estudis Espacials Catalunya, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. Fudan Univ, Inst Modern Phys, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China. Rajshahi Univ, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh. RI Martinez-Pinedo, Gabriel/A-1915-2013 OI Martinez-Pinedo, Gabriel/0000-0002-3825-0131 NR 123 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 4 AR 044318 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.70.044318 PG 39 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 870FN UT WOS:000225043100036 ER PT J AU Retiere, F Lisa, MA AF Retiere, F Lisa, MA TI Observable implications of geometrical and dynamical aspects of freeze-out in heavy ion collisions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Review ID QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; RELATIVISTIC NUCLEAR COLLISIONS; BOSE-EINSTEIN CORRELATIONS; TWISS CORRELATION RADII; PLUS AU COLLISIONS; ELLIPTIC FLOW; PION INTERFEROMETRY; 2-PARTICLE CORRELATIONS; HBT-INTERFEROMETRY; HADRON MATTER AB Using an analytical parametrization of hadronic freeze-out in relativistic heavy ion collisions, we present a detailed study of the connections between features of the freeze-out configuration and physical observables. We focus especially on anisotropic freeze-out configurations (expected in general for collisions at finite impact parameter), azimuthally sensitive Hanburry-Brown-Twiss interferometry, and final-state interactions between nonidentical particles. Model calculations are compared with data taken in the first year of running at RHIC; while not perfect, good agreement is found, raising the hope that a consistent understanding of the full freeze-out scenario at RHIC is possible, an important first step towards understanding the physics of the system prior to freeze-out. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Retiere, F (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 118 TC 197 Z9 197 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 EI 1089-490X J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 4 AR 044907 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.70.044907 PG 33 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 870FN UT WOS:000225043100059 ER PT J AU Savard, G Clark, JA Buchinger, F Crawford, JE Gulick, S Hardy, JC Hecht, AA Iacob, VE Lee, JKP Levand, AF Lundgren, BF Scielzo, ND Sharma, KS Tanihata, I Towner, IS Trimble, W Wang, JC Wang, Y Zhou, Z AF Savard, G Clark, JA Buchinger, F Crawford, JE Gulick, S Hardy, JC Hecht, AA Iacob, VE Lee, JKP Levand, AF Lundgren, BF Scielzo, ND Sharma, KS Tanihata, I Towner, IS Trimble, W Wang, JC Wang, Y Zhou, Z TI Q value of the superallowed decay of Mg-22 and the calibration of the Na-21(p,gamma) experiment SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID PENNING TRAP AB The masses of the radioactive nuclei Mg-22 and Na-22 have been measured with the Canadian Penning trap on-line mass spectrometer to a precision of 3x10(-8) and 1x10(-8), respectively. A Q(EC) value of 4124.39(73) keV for the superallowed beta decay of Mg-22 is obtained from the difference of these two masses. With this precise Q value, the Ft value for this decay is determined with improved precision and is found to be consistent with the existing precision data set of superallowed Fermi emitters. This provides an important test of the isospin symmetry-breaking corrections. If the mass of Mg-22 determined here is used in the calibration of a recent Na-21(p,gamma)Mg-22 measurement, part of the discrepancy observed in that measurement is removed. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Manitoba, Dept Phys & Astron, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada. McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Texas A&M Univ, Inst Cyclotron, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Chem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Queens Univ, Dept Phys, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada. RP Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Crawford, John/A-3771-2012 NR 13 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 4 AR 042501 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.70.042501 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 870FN UT WOS:000225043100010 ER PT J AU Schiavilla, R Carlson, J Paris, M AF Schiavilla, R Carlson, J Paris, M TI Parity-violating interaction effects in the np system SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID THERMAL-NEUTRON CAPTURE; ELECTRON-DEUTERON SCATTERING; PION-EXCHANGE CONTRIBUTIONS; ABSOLUTE CROSS-SECTION; PHASE-SHIFT ANALYSIS; PROTON SCATTERING; FORM-FACTORS; ELECTROMAGNETIC STRUCTURE; CIRCULAR-POLARIZATION; NON-CONSERVATION AB We investigate parity-violating observables in the np system, including the longitudinal asymmetry and neutron-spin rotation in np elastic scattering, the photon asymmetry in np radiative capture, and the asymmetries in deuteron photodisintegration d(gamma,n)p in the threshold region and electrodisintegration d(e,e('))np in quasielastic kinematics. To have an estimate of the model dependence for the various predictions, a number of different, latest-generation strong-interaction potentials-Argonne v(18), Bonn 2000, and Nijmegen I-are used in combination with a weak-interaction potential consisting of pi-, rho-, and omega-meson exchanges-the Desplanques-Donoghue-Holstein (DDH) model. The complete bound and scattering problems in the presence of parity-conserving, including electromagnetic, and parity-violating potentials are solved in both configuration and momentum space. The issue of electromagnetic current conservation is examined carefully. We find large cancellations between the asymmetries induced by the parity-violating interactions and those arising from the associated pion-exchange currents. In the np capture, the model dependence is nevertheless quite small, because of constraints arising through the Siegert evaluation of the relevant E-1 matrix elements. In quasielastic electron scattering these processes are found to be insignificant compared to the asymmetry produced by gamma-Z interference on individual nucleons. These two experiments, then, provide clean probes of different aspects of weak-interaction physics associated with parity violation in the np system. Finally, we find that the neutron-spin rotation in np elastic scattering and asymmetry in deuteron disintegration by circularly polarized photons exhibit significant sensitivity both to the values used for the weak vector-meson couplings in the DDH model and to the input strong-interaction potential adopted in the calculation. This reinforces the conclusion that these short-ranged meson couplings are not in themselves physical observables; rather, the parity-violating mixings are the physically relevant parameters. C1 Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Old Dominion Univ, Dept Phys, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Schiavilla, R (reprint author), Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. NR 91 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 4 AR 044007 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.70.044007 PG 25 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 870FN UT WOS:000225043100017 ER PT J AU Tsekhanovich, I Varapai, N Rubchenya, V Rochman, D Simpson, GS Sokolov, V Fioni, G Al Mahamid, I AF Tsekhanovich, I Varapai, N Rubchenya, V Rochman, D Simpson, GS Sokolov, V Fioni, G Al Mahamid, I TI Fission-product formation in the thermal-neutron-induced fission of odd Cm isotopes SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR-CHARGE; ASYMMETRIC FISSION; KINETIC ENERGIES; MASS SEPARATOR; DISTRIBUTIONS; YIELDS; FRAGMENTS; REGION; U-238 AB Thermal-neutron-induced fission of Cm-243 was studied at the Lohengrin mass separator. The light-mass peak of the fission-yield curve was investigated, and yields of masses from A=72 to A=120 were obtained. Independent-product yields were determined for nuclear charges Z=28-37. The yield of masses in the superasymmetric region was found to be identical to other fission reactions studied at Lohengrin. The multimodal approach to fission and the macroscopic-microscopic method for the calculation of charge-distribution parameters in isobaric chains were used to analyze experimental results from the fission of Cm-243 and Cm-245. A systematics on fission modes was derived from the analysis and extended to the Cm-247 case. The weight of the Sn-132 mode was found to decrease in Cm-243, relative to the Cm-245 nucleus. A prediction of the Ni-78 yield in the fission of Cm isotopes was made. The feasibility of the study of Ni-78 at Lohengrin has been demonstrated. C1 Inst Max Von Laue Paul Langevin, F-38042 Grenoble, France. Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, Gatchina 188350, Russia. Commissariat Energie Atom, F-75752 Paris, France. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Tsekhanovich, I (reprint author), Inst Max Von Laue Paul Langevin, BP 156X, F-38042 Grenoble, France. NR 31 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 4 AR 044610 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.70.044610 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 870FN UT WOS:000225043100049 ER PT J AU Zschiesche, D Mishra, A Schramm, S Stocker, H Greiner, W AF Zschiesche, D Mishra, A Schramm, S Stocker, H Greiner, W TI In-medium vector meson masses in a chiral SU(3) model SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID QCD SUM-RULES; EFFECTIVE LAGRANGIAN APPROACH; HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; HOT NUCLEAR-MATTER; RHO-MESON; NONPERTURBATIVE TREATMENT; FINITE-TEMPERATURE; SYMMETRY BREAKING; HADRONIC MATTER; AU COLLISIONS AB A significant drop of the vector meson masses in nuclear matter is observed in a chiral SU(3) model due to the effects of the baryon Dirac sea. This is taken into account through the summation of baryonic tadpole diagrams in the relativistic Hartree approximation. The appreciable decrease of the in-medium vector meson masses is due to the vacuum polarization effects from the nucleon sector and is not observed in the mean field approximation. C1 Inst Theoret Phys, D-60054 Frankfurt, Germany. Indian Inst Technol, Dept Phys, New Delhi 110016, India. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Zschiesche, D (reprint author), Inst Theoret Phys, Robert Mayer Str 8-10, D-60054 Frankfurt, Germany. EM ziesche@th.physik.uni-frankfurt.de; mishra@th.physik.uni-frankfurt.de RI Stoecker, Horst/D-6173-2013 OI Stoecker, Horst/0000-0002-3282-3664 NR 59 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 EI 1089-490X J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 4 AR 045202 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.70.045202 PG 13 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 870FN UT WOS:000225043100062 ER PT J AU Aalseth, CE Avignone, FT Brodzinski, RL Cebrian, S Garcia, E Gonzales, D Hensley, WK Irastorza, IG Kirpichnikov, IV Klimenko, AA Miley, HS Morales, A Morales, J de Solorzano, AO Osetrov, SB Pogosov, VS Puimedon, J Reeves, JH Sarsa, ML Smolnikov, AA Starostin, AS Tamanyan, AG Vasenko, AA Vasiliev, SI Villar, JA AF Aalseth, CE Avignone, FT Brodzinski, RL Cebrian, S Garcia, E Gonzales, D Hensley, WK Irastorza, IG Kirpichnikov, IV Klimenko, AA Miley, HS Morales, A Morales, J de Solorzano, AO Osetrov, SB Pogosov, VS Puimedon, J Reeves, JH Sarsa, ML Smolnikov, AA Starostin, AS Tamanyan, AG Vasenko, AA Vasiliev, SI Villar, JA TI The IGEX experiment reexamined: A response to the critique of Klapdor-Kleingrothaus, Dietz, and Krivosheina SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID DOUBLE-BETA DECAY; RANDOM-PHASE-APPROXIMATION; MATRIX-ELEMENTS; NEUTRINO MASS; GE-76; DETECTORS AB This paper is a response to the preceding Comment by Klapdor-Kleingrothaus, Dietz, and Krivosheina. The criticisms are confronted, and the questions raised are answered. We demonstrate that the lower limit quoted by IGEX, T-1/2(0nu)(Ge-76)greater than or equal to1.57x10(25) yr, is correct and that there was no "arithmetical error" as claimed in the "Critical View" article. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Univ Zaragoza, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain. Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. Baksan Neutrino Observ, Nucl Res Inst, Neutrino 361309, Russia. Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. RP Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI Irastorza, Igor/B-2085-2012; Sarsa Sarsa, Maria Luisa/K-6108-2014; Villar, Jose Angel/K-6630-2014; OI Irastorza, Igor/0000-0003-1163-1687; Sarsa Sarsa, Maria Luisa/0000-0002-7552-1228; Villar, Jose Angel/0000-0003-0228-7589; Garcia Abancens, Eduardo/0000-0002-9827-2332 NR 33 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 7 AR 078302 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.70.078302 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 866UT UT WOS:000224799600112 ER PT J AU Acosta, D Affolder, T Albrow, MG Ambrose, D Amidei, D Anikeev, K Antos, J Apollinari, G Arisawa, T Artikov, A Ashmanskas, W Azfar, F Azzi-Bacchetta, P Bacchetta, N Bachacou, H Badgett, W Barbaro-Galtieri, A Barnes, VE Barnett, BA Baroiant, S Barone, M Bauer, G Bedeschi, F Behari, S Belforte, S Bell, WH Bellettini, G Bellinger, J Benjamin, D Beretvas, A Bhatti, A Binkley, M Bisello, D Bishai, M Blair, RE Blocker, C Bloom, K Blumenfeld, B Bocci, A Bodek, A Bolla, G Bolshov, A Bortoletto, D Boudreau, J Bromberg, C Brubaker, E Budagov, J Budd, HS Burkett, K Busetto, G Byrum, KL Cabrera, S Campbell, M Carithers, W Carlsmith, D Castro, A Cauz, D Cerri, A Cerrito, L Chapman, J Chen, C Chen, YC Chertok, M Chiarelli, G Chlachidze, G Chlebana, F Chu, ML Chung, JY Chung, WH Chung, YS Ciobanu, CI Clark, AG Coca, M Connolly, A Convery, M Conway, J Cordelli, M Cranshaw, J Culbertson, R Dagenhart, D D'Auria, S de Barbaro, P De Cecco, S Dell'Agnello, S Dell'Orso, M Demers, S Demortier, L Deninno, M De Pedis, D Derwent, PF Dionisi, C Dittmann, JR Dominguez, A Donati, S D'Onofrio, M Dorigo, T Eddy, N Erbacher, R Errede, D Errede, S Eusebi, R Farrington, S Feild, RG Fernandez, JP Ferretti, C Field, RD Fiori, I Flaugher, B Flores-Castillo, LR Foster, GW Franklin, M Friedman, J Furic, I Gallinaro, M Garcia-Sciveres, M Garfinkel, AF Gay, C Gerdes, DW Gerstein, E Giagu, S Giannetti, P Giolo, K Giordani, M Giromini, P Glagolev, V Glenzinski, D Gold, M Goldschmidt, N Goldstein, J Gomez, G Goncharov, M Gorelov, I Goshaw, AT Gotra, Y Goulianos, K Gresele, A Grosso-Pilcher, C Guenther, M da Costa, JG Haber, C Hahn, SR Halkiadakis, E Hall, C Handler, R Happacher, F Hara, K Harris, RM Hartmann, F Hatakeyama, K Hauser, J Heinrich, J Hennecke, M Herndon, M Hill, C Hocker, A Hoffman, KD Hou, S Huffman, BT Hughes, R Huston, J Issever, C Incandela, J Introzzi, G Iori, M Ivanov, A Iwata, Y Iyutin, B James, E Jones, M Kamon, T Kang, J Unel, MK Kartal, S Kasha, H Kato, Y Kennedy, RD Kephart, R Kilminster, B Kim, DH Kim, HS Kim, MJ Kim, SB Kim, SH Kim, TH Kim, YK Kirby, M Kirsch, L Klimenko, S Koehn, P Kondo, K Konigsberg, J Korn, A Korytov, A Kroll, J Kruse, M Krutelyov, V Kuhlmann, SE Kuznetsova, N Laasanen, AT Lami, S Lammel, S Lancaster, J Lannon, K Lancaster, M Lander, R Lath, A Latino, G LeCompte, T Le, Y Lee, J Lee, SW Leonardo, N Leone, S Lewis, JD Li, K Lin, CS Lindgren, M Liss, TM Liu, T Litvintsev, DO Lockyer, NS Loginov, A Loreti, M Lucchesi, D Lukens, P Lyons, L Lys, J Madrak, R Maeshima, K Maksimovic, P Malferrari, L Mangano, M Manca, G Mariotti, M Martin, M Martin, A Martin, V Martinez, M Mazzanti, P McFarland, KS McIntyre, P Menguzzato, M Menzione, A Merkel, P Mesropian, C Meyer, A Miao, T Miller, R Miller, JS Miscetti, S Mitselmakher, G Moggi, N Moore, R Moulik, T Mulhearn, M Mukherjee, A Muller, T Munar, A Murat, P Nachtman, J Nahn, S Nakano, I Napora, R Niell, F Nelson, C Nelson, T Neu, C Neubauer, MS Newman-Holmes, C Nigmanov, T Nodulman, L Oh, SH Oh, YD Ohsugi, T Okusawa, T Orejudos, W Pagliarone, C Palmonari, F Paoletti, R Papadimitriou, V Patrick, J Pauletta, G Paulini, M Pauly, T Paus, C Pellett, D Penzo, A Phillips, TJ Piacentino, G Piedra, J Pitts, KT Pompos, A Pondrom, L Pope, G Pratt, T Prokoshin, F Proudfoot, J Ptohos, F Poukhov, O Punzi, G Rademacker, J Rakitine, A Ratnikov, F Ray, H Reichold, A Renton, P Rescigno, M Rimondi, F Ristori, L Robertson, WJ Rodrigo, T Rolli, S Rosenson, L Roser, R Rossin, R Rott, C Roy, A Ruiz, A Ryan, D Safonov, A St Denis, R Sakumoto, WK Saltzberg, D Sanchez, C Sansoni, A Santi, L Sarkar, S Savard, P Savoy-Navarro, A Schlabach, P Schmidt, EE Schmidt, MP Schmitt, M Scodellaro, L Scribano, A Sedov, A Seidel, S Seiya, Y Semenov, A Semeria, F Shapiro, MD Shepard, PF Shibayama, T Shimojima, M Shochet, M Sidoti, A Sill, A Sinervo, P Slaughter, AJ Sliwa, K Snider, FD Snihur, R Spezziga, M Spinella, F Spiropulu, M Spiegel, L Stefanini, A Strologas, J Stuart, D Sukhanov, A Sumorok, K Suzuki, T Takashima, R Takikawa, K Tanaka, M Tecchio, M Tesarek, RJ Teng, PK Terashi, K Tether, S Thom, J Thompson, AS Thomson, E Tipton, P Tkaczyk, S Toback, D Tollefson, K Tonelli, D Tonnesmann, M Toyoda, H Trischuk, W Tseng, J Tsybychev, D Turini, N Ukegawa, F Unverhau, T Vaiciulis, T Varganov, A Vataga, E Vejcik, S Velev, G Veramendi, G Vidal, R Vila, I Vilar, R Volobouev, I von der Mey, M Wagner, RG Wagner, RL Wagner, W Wan, Z Wang, C Wang, MJ Wang, SM Ward, B Waschke, S Waters, D Watts, T Weber, M Wester, WC Whitehouse, B Wicklund, AB Wicklund, E Williams, HH Wilson, P Winer, BL Wolbers, S Wolter, M Worm, S Wu, X Wurthwein, F Yang, UK Yao, W Yeh, GP Yi, K Yoh, J Yoshida, T Yu, I Yu, S Yun, JC Zanello, L Zanetti, A Zetti, F Zucchelli, S AF Acosta, D Affolder, T Albrow, MG Ambrose, D Amidei, D Anikeev, K Antos, J Apollinari, G Arisawa, T Artikov, A Ashmanskas, W Azfar, F Azzi-Bacchetta, P Bacchetta, N Bachacou, H Badgett, W Barbaro-Galtieri, A Barnes, VE Barnett, BA Baroiant, S Barone, M Bauer, G Bedeschi, F Behari, S Belforte, S Bell, WH Bellettini, G Bellinger, J Benjamin, D Beretvas, A Bhatti, A Binkley, M Bisello, D Bishai, M Blair, RE Blocker, C Bloom, K Blumenfeld, B Bocci, A Bodek, A Bolla, G Bolshov, A Bortoletto, D Boudreau, J Bromberg, C Brubaker, E Budagov, J Budd, HS Burkett, K Busetto, G Byrum, KL Cabrera, S Campbell, M Carithers, W Carlsmith, D Castro, A Cauz, D Cerri, A Cerrito, L Chapman, J Chen, C Chen, YC Chertok, M Chiarelli, G Chlachidze, G Chlebana, F Chu, ML Chung, JY Chung, WH Chung, YS Ciobanu, CI Clark, AG Coca, M Connolly, A Convery, M Conway, J Cordelli, M Cranshaw, J Culbertson, R Dagenhart, D D'Auria, S de Barbaro, P De Cecco, S Dell'Agnello, S Dell'Orso, M Demers, S Demortier, L Deninno, M De Pedis, D Derwent, PF Dionisi, C Dittmann, JR Dominguez, A Donati, S D'Onofrio, M Dorigo, T Eddy, N Erbacher, R Errede, D Errede, S Eusebi, R Farrington, S Feild, RG Fernandez, JP Ferretti, C Field, RD Fiori, I Flaugher, B Flores-Castillo, LR Foster, GW Franklin, M Friedman, J Furic, I Gallinaro, M Garcia-Sciveres, M Garfinkel, AF Gay, C Gerdes, DW Gerstein, E Giagu, S Giannetti, P Giolo, K Giordani, M Giromini, P Glagolev, V Glenzinski, D Gold, M Goldschmidt, N Goldstein, J Gomez, G Goncharov, M Gorelov, I Goshaw, AT Gotra, Y Goulianos, K Gresele, A Grosso-Pilcher, C Guenther, M da Costa, JG Haber, C Hahn, SR Halkiadakis, E Hall, C Handler, R Happacher, F Hara, K Harris, RM Hartmann, F Hatakeyama, K Hauser, J Heinrich, J Hennecke, M Herndon, M Hill, C Hocker, A Hoffman, KD Hou, S Huffman, BT Hughes, R Huston, J Issever, C Incandela, J Introzzi, G Iori, M Ivanov, A Iwata, Y Iyutin, B James, E Jones, M Kamon, T Kang, J Unel, MK Kartal, S Kasha, H Kato, Y Kennedy, RD Kephart, R Kilminster, B Kim, DH Kim, HS Kim, MJ Kim, SB Kim, SH Kim, TH Kim, YK Kirby, M Kirsch, L Klimenko, S Koehn, P Kondo, K Konigsberg, J Korn, A Korytov, A Kroll, J Kruse, M Krutelyov, V Kuhlmann, SE Kuznetsova, N Laasanen, AT Lami, S Lammel, S Lancaster, J Lannon, K Lancaster, M Lander, R Lath, A Latino, G LeCompte, T Le, Y Lee, J Lee, SW Leonardo, N Leone, S Lewis, JD Li, K Lin, CS Lindgren, M Liss, TM Liu, T Litvintsev, DO Lockyer, NS Loginov, A Loreti, M Lucchesi, D Lukens, P Lyons, L Lys, J Madrak, R Maeshima, K Maksimovic, P Malferrari, L Mangano, M Manca, G Mariotti, M Martin, M Martin, A Martin, V Martinez, M Mazzanti, P McFarland, KS McIntyre, P Menguzzato, M Menzione, A Merkel, P Mesropian, C Meyer, A Miao, T Miller, R Miller, JS Miscetti, S Mitselmakher, G Moggi, N Moore, R Moulik, T Mulhearn, M Mukherjee, A Muller, T Munar, A Murat, P Nachtman, J Nahn, S Nakano, I Napora, R Niell, F Nelson, C Nelson, T Neu, C Neubauer, MS Newman-Holmes, C Nigmanov, T Nodulman, L Oh, SH Oh, YD Ohsugi, T Okusawa, T Orejudos, W Pagliarone, C Palmonari, F Paoletti, R Papadimitriou, V Patrick, J Pauletta, G Paulini, M Pauly, T Paus, C Pellett, D Penzo, A Phillips, TJ Piacentino, G Piedra, J Pitts, KT Pompos, A Pondrom, L Pope, G Pratt, T Prokoshin, F Proudfoot, J Ptohos, F Poukhov, O Punzi, G Rademacker, J Rakitine, A Ratnikov, F Ray, H Reichold, A Renton, P Rescigno, M Rimondi, F Ristori, L Robertson, WJ Rodrigo, T Rolli, S Rosenson, L Roser, R Rossin, R Rott, C Roy, A Ruiz, A Ryan, D Safonov, A St Denis, R Sakumoto, WK Saltzberg, D Sanchez, C Sansoni, A Santi, L Sarkar, S Savard, P Savoy-Navarro, A Schlabach, P Schmidt, EE Schmidt, MP Schmitt, M Scodellaro, L Scribano, A Sedov, A Seidel, S Seiya, Y Semenov, A Semeria, F Shapiro, MD Shepard, PF Shibayama, T Shimojima, M Shochet, M Sidoti, A Sill, A Sinervo, P Slaughter, AJ Sliwa, K Snider, FD Snihur, R Spezziga, M Spinella, F Spiropulu, M Spiegel, L Stefanini, A Strologas, J Stuart, D Sukhanov, A Sumorok, K Suzuki, T Takashima, R Takikawa, K Tanaka, M Tecchio, M Tesarek, RJ Teng, PK Terashi, K Tether, S Thom, J Thompson, AS Thomson, E Tipton, P Tkaczyk, S Toback, D Tollefson, K Tonelli, D Tonnesmann, M Toyoda, H Trischuk, W Tseng, J Tsybychev, D Turini, N Ukegawa, F Unverhau, T Vaiciulis, T Varganov, A Vataga, E Vejcik, S Velev, G Veramendi, G Vidal, R Vila, I Vilar, R Volobouev, I von der Mey, M Wagner, RG Wagner, RL Wagner, W Wan, Z Wang, C Wang, MJ Wang, SM Ward, B Waschke, S Waters, D Watts, T Weber, M Wester, WC Whitehouse, B Wicklund, AB Wicklund, E Williams, HH Wilson, P Winer, BL Wolbers, S Wolter, M Worm, S Wu, X Wurthwein, F Yang, UK Yao, W Yeh, GP Yi, K Yoh, J Yoshida, T Yu, I Yu, S Yun, JC Zanello, L Zanetti, A Zetti, F Zucchelli, S CA CDF Collaboration TI Direct photon cross section with conversions at CDF SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article AB We present a measurement of the isolated direct photon cross section in p (p) over bar collisions at roots=1.8 TeV and \eta\<0.9 using data collected between 1994 and 1995 by the Collider Detector at Fermilab (CDF). The measurement is based on events where the photon converts into an electron-positron pair in the material of the inner detector, resulting in a two track event signature. To remove pi(0)-->gammagamma and eta-->gammagamma events from the data we use a new background subtraction technique which takes advantage of the tracking information available in a photon conversion event. We find that the shape of the cross section as a function of photon p(T) is poorly described by next-to-leading-order QCD predictions, but agrees with previous CDF measurements. C1 Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Bologna, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. Brandeis Univ, Waltham, MA 02254 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Cantabria, Inst Fis Cantabria, CSIC, E-39005 Santander, Spain. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Joint Inst Nucl Res, RU-141980 Dubna, Russia. Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. Univ Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Hiroshima Univ, Higashihiroshima 724, Japan. Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Univ Karlsruhe, Inst Expt Kernphys, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany. Kyungpook Natl Univ, Ctr High Energy Phys, Taegu 702701, South Korea. Seoul Natl Univ, Seoul 151742, South Korea. Sungkyunkwan Univ, Suwon 440746, South Korea. Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. UCL, London WC1E 6BT, England. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Osaka City Univ, Osaka 588, Japan. Univ Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. Univ Padua, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ & Scuola Normale Super Pisa, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56100 Pisa, Italy. Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. Rockefeller Univ, New York, NY 10021 USA. Univ Rome 1 La Sapienza, Inst Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. Univ Toronto, Inst Particle Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. Univ Trieste, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Udine, Italy. Univ Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Tufts Univ, Medford, MA 02155 USA. Waseda Univ, Tokyo 169, Japan. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RI Lancaster, Mark/C-1693-2008; Ruiz, Alberto/E-4473-2011; De Cecco, Sandro/B-1016-2012; Wolter, Marcin/A-7412-2012; St.Denis, Richard/C-8997-2012; Azzi, Patrizia/H-5404-2012; manca, giulia/I-9264-2012; Punzi, Giovanni/J-4947-2012; Chiarelli, Giorgio/E-8953-2012; Ivanov, Andrew/A-7982-2013; Kim, Soo-Bong/B-7061-2014; Scodellaro, Luca/K-9091-2014; Connolly, Amy/J-3958-2013; Paulini, Manfred/N-7794-2014; Cabrera Urban, Susana/H-1376-2015; Introzzi, Gianluca/K-2497-2015; Gorelov, Igor/J-9010-2015; Prokoshin, Fedor/E-2795-2012; Leonardo, Nuno/M-6940-2016; OI Ruiz, Alberto/0000-0002-3639-0368; Azzi, Patrizia/0000-0002-3129-828X; Punzi, Giovanni/0000-0002-8346-9052; Chiarelli, Giorgio/0000-0001-9851-4816; Ivanov, Andrew/0000-0002-9270-5643; Scodellaro, Luca/0000-0002-4974-8330; Paulini, Manfred/0000-0002-6714-5787; Introzzi, Gianluca/0000-0002-1314-2580; Gorelov, Igor/0000-0001-5570-0133; Prokoshin, Fedor/0000-0001-6389-5399; Leonardo, Nuno/0000-0002-9746-4594; Lami, Stefano/0000-0001-9492-0147; Giordani, Mario/0000-0002-0792-6039; Latino, Giuseppe/0000-0002-4098-3502; iori, maurizio/0000-0002-6349-0380; Lancaster, Mark/0000-0002-8872-7292; Toback, David/0000-0003-3457-4144; MARTINEZ, MARIO/0000-0002-3135-945X; Farrington, Sinead/0000-0001-5350-9271; Gallinaro, Michele/0000-0003-1261-2277; Turini, Nicola/0000-0002-9395-5230; Goldstein, Joel/0000-0003-1591-6014 NR 14 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 7 AR 074008 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.70.074008 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 866UT UT WOS:000224799600033 ER PT J AU Acosta, D Affolder, T Albrow, MG Ambrose, D Amidei, D Anikeev, K Antos, J Apollinari, G Arisawa, T Artikov, A Ashmanskas, W Azfar, F Azzi-Bacchetta, P Bacchetta, N Bachacou, H Badgett, W Barbaro-Galtieri, A Barnes, VE Barnett, BA Baroiant, S Barone, M Bauer, G Bedeschi, F Behari, S Belforte, S Bell, WH Bellettini, G Bellinger, J Benjamin, D Beretvas, A Bhatti, A Binkley, M Bisello, D Bishai, M Blair, RE Blocker, C Bloom, K Blumenfeld, B Bocci, A Bodek, A Bolla, G Bolshov, A Bortoletto, D Boudreau, J Bromberg, C Brubaker, E Budagov, J Budd, HS Burkett, K Busetto, G Byrum, KL Cabrera, S Campbell, M Carithers, W Carlsmith, D Castro, A Cauz, D Cerri, A Cerrito, L Chapman, J Chen, C Chen, YC Chertok, M Chiarelli, G Chlachidze, G Chlebana, F Chu, ML Chung, JY Chung, WH Chung, YS Ciobanu, CI Clark, AG Coca, M Connolly, A Convery, M Conway, J Cordelli, M Cranshaw, J Culbertson, R Dagenhart, D D'Auria, S de Barbaro, P De Cecco, S Dell'Agnello, S Dell'Orso, M Demers, S Demortier, L Deninno, M De Pedis, D Derwent, PF Dionisi, C Dittmann, JR Dominguez, A Donati, S D'Onofrio, M Dorigo, T Eddy, N Erbacher, R Errede, D Errede, S Eusebi, R Farrington, S Feild, RG Fernandez, JP Ferretti, C Field, RD Fiori, I Flaugher, B Flores-Castillo, LR Foster, GW Franklin, M Friedman, J Furic, I Gallinaro, M Garcia-Sciveres, M Garfinkel, AF Gay, C Gerdes, DW Gerstein, E Giagu, S Giannetti, P Giolo, K Giordani, M Giromini, P Glagolev, V Glenzinski, D Gold, M Goldschmidt, N Goldstein, J Gomez, G Goncharov, M Gorelov, I Goshaw, AT Gotra, Y Goulianos, K Gresele, A Grosso-Pilcher, C Guenther, M da Costa, JG Haber, C Hahn, SR Halkiadakis, E Handler, R Happacher, F Hara, K Harris, RM Hartmann, F Hatakeyama, K Hauser, J Heinrich, J Hennecke, M Herndon, M Hill, C Hocker, A Hoffman, KD Hou, S Huffman, BT Hughes, R Huston, J Issever, C Incandela, J Introzzi, G Iori, M Ivanov, A Iwata, Y Iyutin, B James, E Jones, M Kamon, T Kang, J Unel, MK Kartal, S Kasha, H Kato, Y Kennedy, RD Kephart, R Kilminster, B Kim, DH Kim, HS Kim, MJ Kim, SB Kim, SH Kim, TH Kim, YK Kirby, M Kirsch, L Klimenko, S Koehn, P Kondo, K Konigsberg, J Korn, A Korytov, A Kroll, J Kruse, M Krutelyov, V Kuhlmann, SE Kuznetsova, N Laasanen, AT Lami, S Lammel, S Lancaster, J Lannon, K Lancaster, M Lander, R Lath, A Latino, G LeCompte, T Le, Y Lee, J Lee, SW Leonardo, N Leone, S Lewis, JD Li, K Lin, CS Lindgren, M Liss, TM Liu, T Litvintsev, DO Lockyer, NS Loginov, A Loreti, M Lucchesi, D Lukens, P Lyons, L Lys, J Madrak, R Maeshima, K Maksimovic, P Malferrari, L Mangano, M Manca, G Mariotti, M Martin, M Martin, A Martin, V Martinez, M Mazzanti, P McFarland, KS McIntyre, P Menguzzato, M Menzione, A Merkel, P Mesropian, C Meyer, A Miao, T Miller, R Miller, JS Miscetti, S Mitselmakher, G Moggi, N Moore, R Moulik, T Mulhearn, M Mukherjee, A Muller, T Munar, A Murat, P Nachtman, J Nahn, S Nakano, I Napora, R Niell, F Nelson, C Nelson, T Neu, C Neubauer, MS Newman-Holmes, C Nigmanov, T Nodulman, L Oh, SH Oh, YD Ohsugi, T Okusawa, T Orejudos, W Pagliarone, C Palmonari, F Paoletti, R Papadimitriou, V Patrick, J Pauletta, G Paulini, M Pauly, T Paus, C Pellett, D Penzo, A Phillips, TJ Piacentino, G Piedra, J Pitts, KT Pompos, A Pondrom, L Pope, G Pratt, T Prokoshin, F Proudfoot, J Ptohos, F Poukhov, O Punzi, G Rademacker, J Rakitine, A Ratnikov, F Ray, H Reichold, A Renton, P Rescigno, M Rimondi, F Ristori, L Robertson, WJ Rodrigo, T Rolli, S Rosenson, L Roser, R Rossin, R Rott, C Roy, A Ruiz, A Ryan, D Safonov, A St Denis, R Sakumoto, WK Saltzberg, D Sanchez, C Sansoni, A Santi, L Sarkar, S Savard, P Savoy-Navarro, A Schlabach, P Schmidt, EE Schmidt, MP Schmitt, M Scodellaro, L Scribano, A Sefov, A Seidel, S Seiya, Y Semenov, A Semeria, F Shapiro, MD Shepard, PF Shibayama, T Shimojima, M Shochet, M Sidoti, A Sill, A Sinervo, P Slaughter, AJ Sliwa, K Snider, FD Snihur, R Spezziga, M Spinella, F Spiropulu, M Spiegel, L Stefanini, A Strologas, J Stuart, D Sukhanov, A Sumorok, K Suzuki, T Takashima, R Takikawa, K Tanaka, M Tano, V Tecchio, M Tesarek, RJ Teng, PK Terashi, K Tether, S Thom, J Thompson, AS Thomson, E Tipton, P Tkaczyk, S Toback, D Tollefson, K Tonelli, D Tonnesmann, M Toyoda, H Trischuk, W Tseng, J Tsybychev, D Turini, N Ukegawa, F Unverhau, T Vaiciulis, T Varganov, A Vataga, E Vejcik, S Velev, G Veramendi, G Vidal, R Vila, I Vilar, R Volobouev, I von der Mey, M Wagner, RG Wagner, RL Wagner, W Wan, Z Wang, C Wang, MJ Wang, SM Ward, B Waschke, S Waters, D Watts, T Weber, M Wester, WC Whitehouse, B Wicklund, AB Wicklund, E Williams, HH Wilson, P Winer, BL Wolbers, S Wolter, M Worm, S Wu, X Wurthwein, F Yang, UK Yao, W Yeh, GP Yi, K Yoh, J Yoshida, T Yu, I Yu, S Yun, JC Zanello, L Zanetti, A Zetti, F Zucchelli, S AF Acosta, D Affolder, T Albrow, MG Ambrose, D Amidei, D Anikeev, K Antos, J Apollinari, G Arisawa, T Artikov, A Ashmanskas, W Azfar, F Azzi-Bacchetta, P Bacchetta, N Bachacou, H Badgett, W Barbaro-Galtieri, A Barnes, VE Barnett, BA Baroiant, S Barone, M Bauer, G Bedeschi, F Behari, S Belforte, S Bell, WH Bellettini, G Bellinger, J Benjamin, D Beretvas, A Bhatti, A Binkley, M Bisello, D Bishai, M Blair, RE Blocker, C Bloom, K Blumenfeld, B Bocci, A Bodek, A Bolla, G Bolshov, A Bortoletto, D Boudreau, J Bromberg, C Brubaker, E Budagov, J Budd, HS Burkett, K Busetto, G Byrum, KL Cabrera, S Campbell, M Carithers, W Carlsmith, D Castro, A Cauz, D Cerri, A Cerrito, L Chapman, J Chen, C Chen, YC Chertok, M Chiarelli, G Chlachidze, G Chlebana, F Chu, ML Chung, JY Chung, WH Chung, YS Ciobanu, CI Clark, AG Coca, M Connolly, A Convery, M Conway, J Cordelli, M Cranshaw, J Culbertson, R Dagenhart, D D'Auria, S de Barbaro, P De Cecco, S Dell'Agnello, S Dell'Orso, M Demers, S Demortier, L Deninno, M De Pedis, D Derwent, PF Dionisi, C Dittmann, JR Dominguez, A Donati, S D'Onofrio, M Dorigo, T Eddy, N Erbacher, R Errede, D Errede, S Eusebi, R Farrington, S Feild, RG Fernandez, JP Ferretti, C Field, RD Fiori, I Flaugher, B Flores-Castillo, LR Foster, GW Franklin, M Friedman, J Furic, I Gallinaro, M Garcia-Sciveres, M Garfinkel, AF Gay, C Gerdes, DW Gerstein, E Giagu, S Giannetti, P Giolo, K Giordani, M Giromini, P Glagolev, V Glenzinski, D Gold, M Goldschmidt, N Goldstein, J Gomez, G Goncharov, M Gorelov, I Goshaw, AT Gotra, Y Goulianos, K Gresele, A Grosso-Pilcher, C Guenther, M da Costa, JG Haber, C Hahn, SR Halkiadakis, E Handler, R Happacher, F Hara, K Harris, RM Hartmann, F Hatakeyama, K Hauser, J Heinrich, J Hennecke, M Herndon, M Hill, C Hocker, A Hoffman, KD Hou, S Huffman, BT Hughes, R Huston, J Issever, C Incandela, J Introzzi, G Iori, M Ivanov, A Iwata, Y Iyutin, B James, E Jones, M Kamon, T Kang, J Unel, MK Kartal, S Kasha, H Kato, Y Kennedy, RD Kephart, R Kilminster, B Kim, DH Kim, HS Kim, MJ Kim, SB Kim, SH Kim, TH Kim, YK Kirby, M Kirsch, L Klimenko, S Koehn, P Kondo, K Konigsberg, J Korn, A Korytov, A Kroll, J Kruse, M Krutelyov, V Kuhlmann, SE Kuznetsova, N Laasanen, AT Lami, S Lammel, S Lancaster, J Lannon, K Lancaster, M Lander, R Lath, A Latino, G LeCompte, T Le, Y Lee, J Lee, SW Leonardo, N Leone, S Lewis, JD Li, K Lin, CS Lindgren, M Liss, TM Liu, T Litvintsev, DO Lockyer, NS Loginov, A Loreti, M Lucchesi, D Lukens, P Lyons, L Lys, J Madrak, R Maeshima, K Maksimovic, P Malferrari, L Mangano, M Manca, G Mariotti, M Martin, M Martin, A Martin, V Martinez, M Mazzanti, P McFarland, KS McIntyre, P Menguzzato, M Menzione, A Merkel, P Mesropian, C Meyer, A Miao, T Miller, R Miller, JS Miscetti, S Mitselmakher, G Moggi, N Moore, R Moulik, T Mulhearn, M Mukherjee, A Muller, T Munar, A Murat, P Nachtman, J Nahn, S Nakano, I Napora, R Niell, F Nelson, C Nelson, T Neu, C Neubauer, MS Newman-Holmes, C Nigmanov, T Nodulman, L Oh, SH Oh, YD Ohsugi, T Okusawa, T Orejudos, W Pagliarone, C Palmonari, F Paoletti, R Papadimitriou, V Patrick, J Pauletta, G Paulini, M Pauly, T Paus, C Pellett, D Penzo, A Phillips, TJ Piacentino, G Piedra, J Pitts, KT Pompos, A Pondrom, L Pope, G Pratt, T Prokoshin, F Proudfoot, J Ptohos, F Poukhov, O Punzi, G Rademacker, J Rakitine, A Ratnikov, F Ray, H Reichold, A Renton, P Rescigno, M Rimondi, F Ristori, L Robertson, WJ Rodrigo, T Rolli, S Rosenson, L Roser, R Rossin, R Rott, C Roy, A Ruiz, A Ryan, D Safonov, A St Denis, R Sakumoto, WK Saltzberg, D Sanchez, C Sansoni, A Santi, L Sarkar, S Savard, P Savoy-Navarro, A Schlabach, P Schmidt, EE Schmidt, MP Schmitt, M Scodellaro, L Scribano, A Sefov, A Seidel, S Seiya, Y Semenov, A Semeria, F Shapiro, MD Shepard, PF Shibayama, T Shimojima, M Shochet, M Sidoti, A Sill, A Sinervo, P Slaughter, AJ Sliwa, K Snider, FD Snihur, R Spezziga, M Spinella, F Spiropulu, M Spiegel, L Stefanini, A Strologas, J Stuart, D Sukhanov, A Sumorok, K Suzuki, T Takashima, R Takikawa, K Tanaka, M Tano, V Tecchio, M Tesarek, RJ Teng, PK Terashi, K Tether, S Thom, J Thompson, AS Thomson, E Tipton, P Tkaczyk, S Toback, D Tollefson, K Tonelli, D Tonnesmann, M Toyoda, H Trischuk, W Tseng, J Tsybychev, D Turini, N Ukegawa, F Unverhau, T Vaiciulis, T Varganov, A Vataga, E Vejcik, S Velev, G Veramendi, G Vidal, R Vila, I Vilar, R Volobouev, I von der Mey, M Wagner, RG Wagner, RL Wagner, W Wan, Z Wang, C Wang, MJ Wang, SM Ward, B Waschke, S Waters, D Watts, T Weber, M Wester, WC Whitehouse, B Wicklund, AB Wicklund, E Williams, HH Wilson, P Winer, BL Wolbers, S Wolter, M Worm, S Wu, X Wurthwein, F Yang, UK Yao, W Yeh, GP Yi, K Yoh, J Yoshida, T Yu, I Yu, S Yun, JC Zanello, L Zanetti, A Zetti, F Zucchelli, S CA CDF Collaboration TI Underlying event in hard interactions at the Fermilab Tevatron p(p)over-barp collider SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID ENERGY AB For comparison of inclusive jet cross sections measured at hadron-hadron colliders to next-to-leading order (NLO) parton-level calculations, the energy deposited in the jet cone by spectator parton interactions must first be subtracted. The assumption made at the Tevatron is that the spectator parton interaction energy is similar to the ambient level measured in minimum bias events. In this paper, we test this assumption by measuring the ambient charged track momentum in events containing large transverse energy jets at roots=1800 GeV and roots=630 GeV and comparing this ambient momentum with that observed both in minimum bias events and with that predicted by two Monte Carlo models. Two cones in eta-phi space are defined, at the same pseudorapidity, eta, as the jet with the highest transverse energy (E-T((1))), and at +/-90(o) in the azimuthal direction, phi. The total charged track momentum inside each of the two cones is measured. The minimum momentum in the two cones is almost independent of E-T((1)) and is similar to the momentum observed in minimum bias events, whereas the maximum momentum increases roughly linearly with the jet E-T((1)) over most of the measured range. This study was carried out using data from the CDF detector taken during Run 1 (1994-1995). The study will help improve the precision of comparisons of jet cross section data and NLO perturbative QCD predictions. The distribution of the sum of the track momenta in the two cones is also examined for five different E-T((1)) bins. The HERWIG and PYTHIA Monte Carlo generators are reasonably successful in describing the data, but neither can describe completely all of the event properties. C1 Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Bologna, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. Brandeis Univ, Waltham, MA 02254 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Cantabria, CSIC, Inst Fis Cantabria, E-39005 Santander, Spain. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Joint Inst Nucl Res, RU-141980 Dubna, Russia. Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. Univ Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Hiroshima Univ, Higashihiroshima 724, Japan. Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Univ Karlsruhe, Inst Expt Kernphys, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany. Kyungpook Natl Univ, Ctr High Energy Phys, Taegu 702701, South Korea. Seoul Natl Univ, Seoul 151742, South Korea. Sungkyunkwan Univ, Suwon 440746, South Korea. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. UCL, London WC1E 6BT, England. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Osaka City Univ, Osaka 588, Japan. Univ Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. Univ Padua, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Pisa, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56100 Pisa, Italy. Scuola Normale Super Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy. Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. Rockefeller Univ, New York, NY 10021 USA. Univ Rome 1, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. Univ Toronto, Inst Particle Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. Univ Trieste, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Udine, Italy. Univ Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Tufts Univ, Medford, MA 02155 USA. Waseda Univ, Tokyo 169, Japan. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RI Paulini, Manfred/N-7794-2014; Lancaster, Mark/C-1693-2008; Ruiz, Alberto/E-4473-2011; De Cecco, Sandro/B-1016-2012; Wolter, Marcin/A-7412-2012; St.Denis, Richard/C-8997-2012; Azzi, Patrizia/H-5404-2012; manca, giulia/I-9264-2012; Punzi, Giovanni/J-4947-2012; Chiarelli, Giorgio/E-8953-2012; Ivanov, Andrew/A-7982-2013; Kim, Soo-Bong/B-7061-2014; Scodellaro, Luca/K-9091-2014; Cabrera Urban, Susana/H-1376-2015; Introzzi, Gianluca/K-2497-2015; Gorelov, Igor/J-9010-2015; Prokoshin, Fedor/E-2795-2012; Leonardo, Nuno/M-6940-2016; OI Paulini, Manfred/0000-0002-6714-5787; Ruiz, Alberto/0000-0002-3639-0368; Azzi, Patrizia/0000-0002-3129-828X; Punzi, Giovanni/0000-0002-8346-9052; Chiarelli, Giorgio/0000-0001-9851-4816; Ivanov, Andrew/0000-0002-9270-5643; Scodellaro, Luca/0000-0002-4974-8330; Introzzi, Gianluca/0000-0002-1314-2580; Gorelov, Igor/0000-0001-5570-0133; Prokoshin, Fedor/0000-0001-6389-5399; Leonardo, Nuno/0000-0002-9746-4594; Gallinaro, Michele/0000-0003-1261-2277; Turini, Nicola/0000-0002-9395-5230 NR 26 TC 65 Z9 65 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 7 AR 072002 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.70.072002 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 866UT UT WOS:000224799600006 ER PT J AU Afanasev, AV Merenkov, NP AF Afanasev, AV Merenkov, NP TI Large logarithms in the beam normal spin asymmetry of elastic electron-proton scattering SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID POLARIZATION; DISTRIBUTIONS AB We study a parity-conserving single-spin beam asymmetry of elastic electron-proton scattering induced by an absorptive part of the two-photon exchange amplitude. It is demonstrated that excitation of inelastic hadronic intermediate states by the consecutive exchange of two photons leads to logarithmic and double-logarithmic enhancement due to contributions of hard collinear quasireal photons. The asymmetry at small electron scattering angles is expressed in terms of the total photoproduction cross section on the proton and is predicted to reach the magnitude of 20-30 ppm. At these conditions and fixed 4-momentum transfers, the asymmetry is rising logarithmically with increasing electron beam energy, following the high-energy diffractive behavior of total photoproduction cross section on the proton. C1 Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. NSC Kharkov Inst Phys & Technol, UA-61108 Kharkov, Ukraine. RP Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. OI Afanasev, Andrei/0000-0003-0679-3307 NR 39 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 7 AR 073002 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.70.073002 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 866UT UT WOS:000224799600010 ER PT J AU Atkins, R Benbow, W Berley, D Blaufuss, E Bussons, J Coyne, DG DeYoung, T Dingus, BL Dorfan, DE Ellsworth, RW Fleysher, L Fleysher, R Gisler, G Gonzalez, MM Goodman, JA Haines, TJ Hays, E Hoffman, CM Kelley, LA Lansdell, CP Linnemann, JT McEnery, JE Miller, RS Mincer, AI Morales, MF Nemethy, P Noyes, D Ryan, JM Samuelson, FW Shoup, A Sinnis, G Smith, AJ Sullivan, GW Williams, DA Westerhoff, S Wilson, ME Xu, XW Yodh, GB AF Atkins, R Benbow, W Berley, D Blaufuss, E Bussons, J Coyne, DG DeYoung, T Dingus, BL Dorfan, DE Ellsworth, RW Fleysher, L Fleysher, R Gisler, G Gonzalez, MM Goodman, JA Haines, TJ Hays, E Hoffman, CM Kelley, LA Lansdell, CP Linnemann, JT McEnery, JE Miller, RS Mincer, AI Morales, MF Nemethy, P Noyes, D Ryan, JM Samuelson, FW Shoup, A Sinnis, G Smith, AJ Sullivan, GW Williams, DA Westerhoff, S Wilson, ME Xu, XW Yodh, GB TI Search for very high energy gamma rays from WIMP annihilations near the Sun with the Milagro detector SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID ANGULAR POWER SPECTRUM; DARK-MATTER; SUPERNOVAE; NEBULA AB The neutralino, the lightest stable supersymmetric particle, is a strong theoretical candidate for the missing astronomical "dark matter". A profusion of such neutralinos can accumulate near the Sun when they lose energy upon scattering and are gravitationally captured. Pair-annihilations of those neutralinos may produce very high-energy (VHE, above 100 GeV) gamma rays. Milagro is an air shower array which uses the water Cherenkov technique to detect extensive-air showers and is capable of observing VHE gamma rays from the direction of the Sun with an angular resolution of 0.75degrees. Analysis of Milagro data with an exposure to the Sun of 1165 hours presents the first attempt to detect TeV gamma rays produced by annihilating neutralinos captured by the Solar system and shows no statistically significant signal. Resulting limits that can be set on the gamma-ray flux due to near-Solar neutralino annihilations and on the neutralino cross-section are presented. C1 NYU, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10003 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Grp P23, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. George Mason Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Univ New Hampshire, Dept Phys, Durham, NH 03824 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. RP NYU, Dept Phys, 4 Washington Pl, New York, NY 10003 USA. EM lazar.fleysher@physics.nyu.edu RI Hays, Elizabeth/D-3257-2012; OI Mincer, Allen/0000-0002-6307-1418; Dingus, Brenda/0000-0001-8451-7450 NR 26 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 8 AR 083516 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.70.083516 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 866UX UT WOS:000224800000033 ER PT J AU Aubert, B Barate, R Boutigny, D Couderc, F Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Tisserand, V Zghiche, A Palano, A Pompili, A Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Ofte, I Stugu, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Charles, E Day, CT Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kukartsev, G Lynch, G Mir, LM Oddone, PJ Orimoto, TJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Ronan, MT Shelkov, VG Wenzel, WA Barrett, M Ford, KE Harrison, TJ Hart, AJ Hawkes, CM Morgan, SE Watson, AT Fritsch, M Goetzen, K Held, T Koch, H Lewandowski, B Pelizaeus, M Steinke, M Boyd, JT Chevalier, N Cottingham, WN Kelly, MP Latham, TE Wilson, FF Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T Hearty, C Knecht, NS Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Khan, A Kyberd, P Teodorescu, L Blinov, AE Blinov, VE Druzhinin, VP Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Solodov, EP Yushkov, AN Best, D Bruinsma, M Chao, M Eschrich, I Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M Mommsen, RK Roethel, W Stoker, DP Buchanan, C Hartfiel, BL Foulkes, SD Gary, JW Shen, BC Wang, K del Re, D Hadavand, HK Hill, EJ MacFarlane, DB Paar, HP Rahatlou, S Sharma, V Berryhill, JW Campagnari, C Dahmes, B Long, O Lu, A Mazur, MA Richman, JD Verkerke, W Beck, TW Eisner, AM Heusch, CA Kroseberg, J Lockman, WS Nesom, G Schalk, T Schumm, BA Seiden, A Spradlin, P Williams, DC Wilson, MG Albert, J Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Hitlin, DG Narsky, I Piatenko, T Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Yang, S Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Abe, T Blanc, F Bloom, P Chen, S Ford, WT Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Rankin, P Smith, JG Zhang, J Zhang, L Chen, A Harton, JL Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Zeng, QL Altenburg, D Brandt, T Brose, J Dickopp, M Feltresi, E Hauke, A Lacker, HM Muller-Pfefferkorn, R Nogowski, R Otto, S Petzold, A Schubert, J Schubert, KR Schwierz, R Spaan, B Sundermann, JE Bernard, D Bonneaud, GR Brochard, F Grenier, P Schrenk, S Thiebaux, C Vasileiadis, G Verderi, M Bard, DJ Clark, PJ Lavin, D Muheim, F Playfer, S Xie, Y Andreotti, M Azzolini, V Bettoni, D Bozzi, C Calabrese, R Cibinetto, G Luppi, E Negrini, M Piemontese, L Sarti, A Treadwell, E Anulli, F Baldini-Ferroli, R Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Finocchiaro, G Patteri, P Peruzzi, IM Piccolo, M Zallo, A Buzzo, A Capra, R Contri, R Crosetti, G Vetere, ML Macri, M Monge, MR Passaggio, S Patrignani, C Robutti, E Santroni, A Tosi, S Bailey, S Brandenburg, G Chaisanguanthum, KS Morii, M Won, E Dubitzky, RS Langenegger, U Bhimji, W Bowerman, DA Dauncey, PD Egede, U Gaillard, JR Morton, GW Nash, JA Nikolich, MB Taylor, GP Charles, MJ Grenier, GJ Mallik, U Cochran, J Crawley, HB Lamsa, J Meyer, WT Prell, S Rosenberg, EI Rubin, AE Yi, J Biasini, M Covarelli, R Pioppi, M Davier, M Giroux, X Grosdidier, G Hocker, A Laplace, S Le Diberder, F Lepeltier, V Lutz, AM Petersen, TC Plaszczynski, S Schune, MH Tantot, L Wormser, G Cheng, CH Lange, DJ Simani, MC Wright, DM Bevan, AJ Chavez, CA Coleman, JP Forster, IJ Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R Hutchcroft, DE Parry, RJ Payne, DJ Sloane, RJ Touramanis, C Back, JJ Cormack, CM Harrison, PF Lodovico, FD Mohanty, GB Brown, CL Cowan, G Flack, RL Flaecher, HU Green, MG Jackson, PS McMahon, TR Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Winter, MA Brown, D Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, NR Barlow, RJ Hart, PA Hodgkinson, MC Lafferty, GD Lyon, AJ Williams, JC Farbin, A Hulsbergen, WD Jawahery, A Kovalskyi, D Lae, CK Lillard, V Roberts, DA Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Flood, KT Hertzbach, SS Kofler, R Koptchev, VB Moore, TB Saremi, S Staengle, H Willocq, S Cowan, R Sciolla, G Sekula, SJ Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Mangeol, DJJ Patel, PM Robertson, SH Lazzaro, A Lombardo, V Palombo, F Bauer, JM Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Godang, R Kroeger, R Reidy, J Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Zhao, HW Brunet, S Cote, D Taras, P Nicholson, H Cavallo, N Fabozzi, F Gatto, C Lista, L Monorchio, D Paolucci, P Piccolo, D Sciacca, C Baak, M Bulten, H Raven, G Snoek, HL Wilden, L Jessop, CP LoSecco, JM Allmendinger, T Gan, KK Honscheid, K Hufnagel, D Kagan, H Kass, R Pulliam, T Rahimi, AM Ter-Antonyan, R Wong, QK Brau, J Frey, R Igonkina, O Potter, CT Sinev, NB Strom, D Torrence, E Colecchia, F Dorigo, A Galeazzi, F Margoni, M Morandin, M Posocco, M Rotondo, M Simonetto, F Stroili, R Tiozzo, G Voci, C Benayoun, M Briand, H Chauveau, J David, P de la Vaissiere, C Del Buono, L Hamon, O John, MJJ Leruste, P Malcles, J Ocariz, J Pivk, M Roos, L T'Jampens, S Therin, G Manfredi, PF Re, V Behera, PK Gladney, L Guo, QH Panetta, J Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bondioli, M Bucci, F Calderini, G Carpinelli, M Forti, F Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Marchiori, G Martinez-Vidal, F Morganti, M Neri, N Paoloni, E Rama, M Rizzo, G Sandrelli, F Walsh, J Haire, M Judd, D Paick, K Wagoner, DE Danielson, N Elmer, P Lau, YP Lu, C Miftakov, V Olsen, J Smith, AJS Telnov, AV Bellini, F Faccini, R Ferrarotto, F Ferroni, F Gaspero, M Gioi, LL Mazzoni, MA Morganti, S Pierini, M Piredda, G Tehrani, FS Voena, C Cavoto, G Christ, S Wagner, G Waldi, R Adye, T De Groot, N Franek, B Geddes, NI Gopal, GP Olaiya, EO Aleksan, R Emery, S Gaidot, A Ganzhur, SF Giraud, PF de Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Legendre, M London, GW Mayer, B Schott, G Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Purohit, MV Weidemann, AW Wilson, JR Yumiceva, FX Aston, D Bartoldus, R Berger, N Boyarski, AM Buchmueller, OL Claus, R Convery, MR Cristinziani, M Nardo, GD Dong, D Dorfan, J Dujmic, D Dunwoodie, W Elsen, EE Fan, S Field, RC Glanzman, T Gowdy, SJ Hadig, T Halyo, V Hast, C Hryn'ova, T Innes, WR Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Leith, DWGS Libby, J Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Marsiske, H Messner, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Ozcan, VE Perazzo, A Perl, M Petrak, S Ratcliff, BN Roodman, A Salnikov, AA Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Simi, G Snyder, A Soha, A Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weaver, M Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Wittgen, M Wright, DH Yarritu, AK Young, CC Burchat, PR Edwards, AJ Meyer, TI Petersen, BA Roat, C Ahmed, S Alam, MS Ernst, JA Saeed, MA Saleem, M Wappler, FR Bugg, W Krishnamurthy, M Spanier, SM Eckmann, R Kim, H Ritchie, JL Satpathy, A Schwitters, RF Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Ye, S Bianchi, F Bona, M Gallo, F Gamba, D Bosisio, L Cartaro, C Cossutti, F Della Ricca, G Dittongo, S Grancagnolo, S Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vitale, L Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Banerjee, S Brown, CM Fortin, D Jackson, PD Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Sobie, RJ Band, HR Cheng, B Dasu, S Datta, M Eichenbaum, AM Graham, M Hollar, JJ Johnson, JR Kutter, PE Li, H Liu, R Mihalyi, A Mohapatra, AK Pan, Y Prepost, R Tan, P von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, J Wu, SL Yu, Z Greene, MG Neal, H AF Aubert, B Barate, R Boutigny, D Couderc, F Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Tisserand, V Zghiche, A Palano, A Pompili, A Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Ofte, I Stugu, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Charles, E Day, CT Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kukartsev, G Lynch, G Mir, LM Oddone, PJ Orimoto, TJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Ronan, MT Shelkov, VG Wenzel, WA Barrett, M Ford, KE Harrison, TJ Hart, AJ Hawkes, CM Morgan, SE Watson, AT Fritsch, M Goetzen, K Held, T Koch, H Lewandowski, B Pelizaeus, M Steinke, M Boyd, JT Chevalier, N Cottingham, WN Kelly, MP Latham, TE Wilson, FF Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T Hearty, C Knecht, NS Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Khan, A Kyberd, P Teodorescu, L Blinov, AE Blinov, VE Druzhinin, VP Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Solodov, EP Yushkov, AN Best, D Bruinsma, M Chao, M Eschrich, I Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M Mommsen, RK Roethel, W Stoker, DP Buchanan, C Hartfiel, BL Foulkes, SD Gary, JW Shen, BC Wang, K del Re, D Hadavand, HK Hill, EJ MacFarlane, DB Paar, HP Rahatlou, S Sharma, V Berryhill, JW Campagnari, C Dahmes, B Long, O Lu, A Mazur, MA Richman, JD Verkerke, W Beck, TW Eisner, AM Heusch, CA Kroseberg, J Lockman, WS Nesom, G Schalk, T Schumm, BA Seiden, A Spradlin, P Williams, DC Wilson, MG Albert, J Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Hitlin, DG Narsky, I Piatenko, T Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Yang, S Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Abe, T Blanc, F Bloom, P Chen, S Ford, WT Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Rankin, P Smith, JG Zhang, J Zhang, L Chen, A Harton, JL Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Zeng, QL Altenburg, D Brandt, T Brose, J Dickopp, M Feltresi, E Hauke, A Lacker, HM Muller-Pfefferkorn, R Nogowski, R Otto, S Petzold, A Schubert, J Schubert, KR Schwierz, R Spaan, B Sundermann, JE Bernard, D Bonneaud, GR Brochard, F Grenier, P Schrenk, S Thiebaux, C Vasileiadis, G Verderi, M Bard, DJ Clark, PJ Lavin, D Muheim, F Playfer, S Xie, Y Andreotti, M Azzolini, V Bettoni, D Bozzi, C Calabrese, R Cibinetto, G Luppi, E Negrini, M Piemontese, L Sarti, A Treadwell, E Anulli, F Baldini-Ferroli, R Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Finocchiaro, G Patteri, P Peruzzi, IM Piccolo, M Zallo, A Buzzo, A Capra, R Contri, R Crosetti, G Vetere, ML Macri, M Monge, MR Passaggio, S Patrignani, C Robutti, E Santroni, A Tosi, S Bailey, S Brandenburg, G Chaisanguanthum, KS Morii, M Won, E Dubitzky, RS Langenegger, U Bhimji, W Bowerman, DA Dauncey, PD Egede, U Gaillard, JR Morton, GW Nash, JA Nikolich, MB Taylor, GP Charles, MJ Grenier, GJ Mallik, U Cochran, J Crawley, HB Lamsa, J Meyer, WT Prell, S Rosenberg, EI Rubin, AE Yi, J Biasini, M Covarelli, R Pioppi, M Davier, M Giroux, X Grosdidier, G Hocker, A Laplace, S Le Diberder, F Lepeltier, V Lutz, AM Petersen, TC Plaszczynski, S Schune, MH Tantot, L Wormser, G Cheng, CH Lange, DJ Simani, MC Wright, DM Bevan, AJ Chavez, CA Coleman, JP Forster, IJ Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R Hutchcroft, DE Parry, RJ Payne, DJ Sloane, RJ Touramanis, C Back, JJ Cormack, CM Harrison, PF Lodovico, FD Mohanty, GB Brown, CL Cowan, G Flack, RL Flaecher, HU Green, MG Jackson, PS McMahon, TR Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Winter, MA Brown, D Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, NR Barlow, RJ Hart, PA Hodgkinson, MC Lafferty, GD Lyon, AJ Williams, JC Farbin, A Hulsbergen, WD Jawahery, A Kovalskyi, D Lae, CK Lillard, V Roberts, DA Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Flood, KT Hertzbach, SS Kofler, R Koptchev, VB Moore, TB Saremi, S Staengle, H Willocq, S Cowan, R Sciolla, G Sekula, SJ Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Mangeol, DJJ Patel, PM Robertson, SH Lazzaro, A Lombardo, V Palombo, F Bauer, JM Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Godang, R Kroeger, R Reidy, J Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Zhao, HW Brunet, S Cote, D Taras, P Nicholson, H Cavallo, N Fabozzi, F Gatto, C Lista, L Monorchio, D Paolucci, P Piccolo, D Sciacca, C Baak, M Bulten, H Raven, G Snoek, HL Wilden, L Jessop, CP LoSecco, JM Allmendinger, T Gan, KK Honscheid, K Hufnagel, D Kagan, H Kass, R Pulliam, T Rahimi, AM Ter-Antonyan, R Wong, QK Brau, J Frey, R Igonkina, O Potter, CT Sinev, NB Strom, D Torrence, E Colecchia, F Dorigo, A Galeazzi, F Margoni, M Morandin, M Posocco, M Rotondo, M Simonetto, F Stroili, R Tiozzo, G Voci, C Benayoun, M Briand, H Chauveau, J David, P de la Vaissiere, C Del Buono, L Hamon, O John, MJJ Leruste, P Malcles, J Ocariz, J Pivk, M Roos, L T'Jampens, S Therin, G Manfredi, PF Re, V Behera, PK Gladney, L Guo, QH Panetta, J Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bondioli, M Bucci, F Calderini, G Carpinelli, M Forti, F Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Marchiori, G Martinez-Vidal, F Morganti, M Neri, N Paoloni, E Rama, M Rizzo, G Sandrelli, F Walsh, J Haire, M Judd, D Paick, K Wagoner, DE Danielson, N Elmer, P Lau, YP Lu, C Miftakov, V Olsen, J Smith, AJS Telnov, AV Bellini, F Faccini, R Ferrarotto, F Ferroni, F Gaspero, M Gioi, LL Mazzoni, MA Morganti, S Pierini, M Piredda, G Tehrani, FS Voena, C Cavoto, G Christ, S Wagner, G Waldi, R Adye, T De Groot, N Franek, B Geddes, NI Gopal, GP Olaiya, EO Aleksan, R Emery, S Gaidot, A Ganzhur, SF Giraud, PF de Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Legendre, M London, GW Mayer, B Schott, G Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Purohit, MV Weidemann, AW Wilson, JR Yumiceva, FX Aston, D Bartoldus, R Berger, N Boyarski, AM Buchmueller, OL Claus, R Convery, MR Cristinziani, M Nardo, GD Dong, D Dorfan, J Dujmic, D Dunwoodie, W Elsen, EE Fan, S Field, RC Glanzman, T Gowdy, SJ Hadig, T Halyo, V Hast, C Hryn'ova, T Innes, WR Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Leith, DWGS Libby, J Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Marsiske, H Messner, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Ozcan, VE Perazzo, A Perl, M Petrak, S Ratcliff, BN Roodman, A Salnikov, AA Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Simi, G Snyder, A Soha, A Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weaver, M Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Wittgen, M Wright, DH Yarritu, AK Young, CC Burchat, PR Edwards, AJ Meyer, TI Petersen, BA Roat, C Ahmed, S Alam, MS Ernst, JA Saeed, MA Saleem, M Wappler, FR Bugg, W Krishnamurthy, M Spanier, SM Eckmann, R Kim, H Ritchie, JL Satpathy, A Schwitters, RF Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Ye, S Bianchi, F Bona, M Gallo, F Gamba, D Bosisio, L Cartaro, C Cossutti, F Della Ricca, G Dittongo, S Grancagnolo, S Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vitale, L Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Banerjee, S Brown, CM Fortin, D Jackson, PD Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Sobie, RJ Band, HR Cheng, B Dasu, S Datta, M Eichenbaum, AM Graham, M Hollar, JJ Johnson, JR Kutter, PE Li, H Liu, R Mihalyi, A Mohapatra, AK Pan, Y Prepost, R Tan, P von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, J Wu, SL Yu, Z Greene, MG Neal, H TI Study of the e(+)e(-)->pi(+)pi(-)pi(0) process using initial state radiation with BABAR SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-POSITRON ANNIHILATION; HADRONIC CROSS-SECTION; BHABHA SCATTERING; TAGGED PHOTONS; MONTE-CARLO; DECAYS; DETECTOR; VECTOR; CMD-2; MESON AB The process e(+)e(-)-->pi(+)pi(-)pi(0)gamma has been studied at a center-of-mass energy near the Y(4S) resonance using a 89.3 fb(-1) data sample collected with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II collider. From the measured 3pi mass spectrum we have obtained the products of branching fractions for the omega and phi mesons, B(omega-->e(+)e(-))B(omega-->3pi)=(6.70+/-0.06+/-0.27)x10(-5) and B(phi-->e(+)e(-)) B(phi-->3pi)=(4.30+/-0.08+/-0.21)x10(-5) and evaluated the e(+)e(-)-->pi(+)pi(-)pi(0) cross section for the e(+)e(-) center-of-mass energy range 1.05 to 3.00 GeV. About 900 e(+)e(-)-->J/psigamma-->pi(+)pi(-)pi(0)gamma events have been selected and the branching fraction B(J/psi-->pi(+)pi(-)pi(0))=(2.18+/-0.19)% has been measured. C1 Lab Annecy Le Vieux Phys Particules, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. Univ Bari, Dipartimento Fis, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Univ Bergen, Inst Phys, N-5007 Bergen, Norway. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. Ruhr Univ Bochum, Inst Expt Phys 1, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. Univ Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. Brunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England. Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Kern & Teilchenphys, D-01062 Dresden, Germany. Ecole Polytech, LLR, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. Univ Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Midlothian, Scotland. Univ Ferrara, Dipartimento Fis, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Florida A&M Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32307 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Genoa, Dipartimento Fis, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Heidelberg Univ, Inst Phys, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London SW7 2AZ, England. Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. Lab Accelerateur Lineaire, F-91898 Orsay, France. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Liverpool, Liverpool L69 72E, Merseyside, England. Univ London, Queen Mary, London E1 4NS, England. Univ London Royal Holloway & Bedford New Coll, Egham TW20 0EX, Surrey, England. Univ Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. Univ Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. MIT, Nucl Sci Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA. Univ Montreal, Lab Rene JA Levesque, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. Mt Holyoke Coll, S Hadley, MA 01075 USA. Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Sci Fis, I-80126 Naples, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-80126 Naples, Italy. Natl Inst Nucl Phys & High Energy Phys, NIKHEF, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Univ Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Univ Paris 06, Lab Phys Nucl & Hautes Energies, F-75252 Paris, France. Univ Paris 07, Lab Phys Nucl & Hautes Energies, F-75252 Paris, France. Univ Pavia, Dipartimento Elettron, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis, Scuola Normale Super Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. Prairie View A&M Univ, Prairie View, TX 77446 USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Univ Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. CEA Saclay, DSM Dapnia, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. SUNY Albany, Albany, NY 12222 USA. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Univ Texas, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Sperimentale, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Univ Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6, Canada. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. Univ Basilicata, I-85100 Potenza, Italy. Univ Valencia, CSIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular, IFIC, Valencia, Spain. RP Lab Annecy Le Vieux Phys Particules, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. RI Monge, Maria Roberta/G-9127-2012; Luppi, Eleonora/A-4902-2015; Kravchenko, Evgeniy/F-5457-2015; Calabrese, Roberto/G-4405-2015; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/G-7212-2015; Martinez Vidal, F*/L-7563-2014; Kolomensky, Yury/I-3510-2015; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/J-5049-2012; Grancagnolo, Sergio/J-3957-2015; de Groot, Nicolo/A-2675-2009; Lista, Luca/C-5719-2008; Bellini, Fabio/D-1055-2009; crosetti, nanni/H-3040-2011; Roe, Natalie/A-8798-2012; Neri, Nicola/G-3991-2012; Forti, Francesco/H-3035-2011; Rotondo, Marcello/I-6043-2012; Patrignani, Claudia/C-5223-2009; de Sangro, Riccardo/J-2901-2012; Sarti, Alessio/I-2833-2012; Cavallo, Nicola/F-8913-2012; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; M, Saleem/B-9137-2013; Calcaterra, Alessandro/P-5260-2015; Frey, Raymond/E-2830-2016; Lusiani, Alberto/A-3329-2016; Lusiani, Alberto/N-2976-2015; Saeed, Mohammad Alam/J-7455-2012; Negrini, Matteo/C-8906-2014; Morandin, Mauro/A-3308-2016; Di Lodovico, Francesca/L-9109-2016 OI Monge, Maria Roberta/0000-0003-1633-3195; Luppi, Eleonora/0000-0002-1072-5633; Calabrese, Roberto/0000-0002-1354-5400; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/0000-0002-4276-715X; Martinez Vidal, F*/0000-0001-6841-6035; Kolomensky, Yury/0000-0001-8496-9975; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/0000-0002-6520-4480; Grancagnolo, Sergio/0000-0001-8490-8304; Bellini, Fabio/0000-0002-2936-660X; Neri, Nicola/0000-0002-6106-3756; Forti, Francesco/0000-0001-6535-7965; Rotondo, Marcello/0000-0001-5704-6163; Patrignani, Claudia/0000-0002-5882-1747; de Sangro, Riccardo/0000-0002-3808-5455; Sarti, Alessio/0000-0001-5419-7951; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Calcaterra, Alessandro/0000-0003-2670-4826; Frey, Raymond/0000-0003-0341-2636; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Saeed, Mohammad Alam/0000-0002-3529-9255; Negrini, Matteo/0000-0003-0101-6963; Morandin, Mauro/0000-0003-4708-4240; Di Lodovico, Francesca/0000-0003-3952-2175 NR 37 TC 181 Z9 184 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 7 AR 072004 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.70.072004 PG 22 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 866UT UT WOS:000224799600008 ER PT J AU Baur, U Wackeroth, D AF Baur, U Wackeroth, D TI Electroweak radiative corrections to pp(-)-> W-+/--> l(+/-)nu beyond the pole approximation SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID W-BOSON MASS; QUANTUM-CHROMODYNAMIC CORRECTIONS; LEADING-LOGARITHM CALCULATION; DEEP-INELASTIC SCATTERING; P(P)OVER-BAR COLLISIONS; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; HADRON COLLIDERS; STANDARD MODEL; ROOT-S=1.8 TEV; HIGH-ENERGY AB We present a calculation of the complete electroweak O(alpha) corrections to pp(-)-->W+/--->l(+/-)nuX (.=e,mu) in the standard model of electroweak interactions, focusing on those corrections which do not contribute in the pole approximation. We study in detail the effect of these corrections on the transverse mass distribution, the W-width measurement, and the transverse mass ratio and cross section ratio of W and Z bosons. C1 SUNY Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. Kavli Inst Theoret Phys, Santa Barbara, CA USA. Fermilab Theory Grp, Batavia, IL USA. RP Baur, U (reprint author), SUNY Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. EM baur@ubhex.physics.buffalo.edu; dow@ubpheno.physics.buffalo.edu NR 93 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 7 AR 073015 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.70.073015 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 866UT UT WOS:000224799600023 ER PT J AU Beane, SR Savage, MJ AF Beane, SR Savage, MJ TI Baryon axial charge in a finite volume SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID CHIRAL PERTURBATION-THEORY; LATTICE QCD; NUCLEON MASS; SYMMETRIES; FERMIONS; SPECTRUM; STATES; DECAYS; G(A); PI AB We compute finite-volume corrections to nucleon matrix elements of the axial-vector current. We show that knowledge of this finite-volume dependence-as well as that of the nucleon mass-obtained using lattice QCD may allow a clean determination of the chiral-limit values of the nucleon and Delta-resonance axial-vector couplings. C1 Univ New Hampshire, Dept Phys, Durham, NH 03824 USA. Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Beane, SR (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, Dept Phys, Durham, NH 03824 USA. NR 53 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 7 AR 074029 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.70.074029 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 866UT UT WOS:000224799600054 ER PT J AU Berger, EL Campbell, J AF Berger, EL Campbell, J TI Higgs boson production in weak boson fusion at next-to-leading order SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID HADRON-HADRON COLLISIONS; QCD AB The weak boson fusion process for neutral Higgs boson production is investigated with particular attention to the accuracy with which the Higgs boson coupling to weak bosons can be determined at CERN Large Hadron Collider energies in final states that contain a Higgs boson plus at least two jets. Using fully differential perturbative matrix elements for the weak boson fusion signal process and for the QCD background processes, we generate events in which a Higgs boson is produced along with two jets that carry large transverse momentum. The effectiveness of different prescriptions to enhance the signal-to background ratio is studied, and the expected signal purities are calculated in each case. We find that a simple cut on the rapidity of one final-state jet works well. We determine that an accuracy of deltag/gsimilar to10% on the effective coupling g may be possible after similar to200 fb(-1) of integrated luminosity is accumulated at the Large Hadron Collider. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM berger@anl.gov; johnmc@hep.anl.gov NR 37 TC 80 Z9 80 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 7 AR 073011 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.70.073011 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 866UT UT WOS:000224799600019 ER PT J AU Cacciapaglia, G Csaki, C Grojean, C Terning, J AF Cacciapaglia, G Csaki, C Grojean, C Terning, J TI Oblique corrections from Higgsless models in warped space SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID YANG-MILLS THEORY; TECHNICOLOR THEORIES; CHIRAL HIERARCHIES; ELECTROWEAK PARAMETERS; SYMMETRY-BREAKING; STANDARD MODEL; UNITARITY; HYPERCOLOR; DIMENSIONS; SCALE AB We calculate the tree-level oblique corrections to electroweak precision observables generated in Higgless models of electroweak symmetry breaking with a 5D SU(2)(L)xSU(2)(R)xU(1)(B-L) gauge group on a warped background. In the absence of brane induced kinetic terms (and equal left and right gauge couplings) we find the S parameter to be similar to1.15, while Tsimilar toUsimilar to0, as in technicolor theories. Planck brane induced kinetic terms and unequal left-right couplings can lower S, however for sufficiently low values of S tree-level unitarity will be lost. A kinetic term localized on the TeV brane for SU(2)(D) will generically increase S, however an induced kinetic term for U(1)(B-L) on the TeV brane will lower S. With an appropriate choice of the value of this induced kinetic term Ssimilar to0 can be achieved. In this case the mass of the lowest Z(') mode will be lowered to about 300 GeV. C1 Cornell Univ, Inst High Energy Phenomenol, Newman Lab Elementary Particle Phys, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. CEA Saclay, Serv Phys Theor, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Michigan Ctr Theoret Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theory Div T8, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Cacciapaglia, G (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Inst High Energy Phenomenol, Newman Lab Elementary Particle Phys, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM cacciapa@mail.lns.cornell.edu; csaki@lepp.cornell.edu; grojean@spht.saclay.cea.fr; terning@lanl.gov OI Terning, John/0000-0003-1367-0575; grojean, christophe/0000-0002-7196-7361 NR 39 TC 96 Z9 96 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 7 AR 075014 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.70.075014 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 866UT UT WOS:000224799600086 ER PT J AU Chacko, Z Graesser, ML Grojean, C Pilo, L AF Chacko, Z Graesser, ML Grojean, C Pilo, L TI Massive gravity on a brane SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID EXTRA DIMENSIONS; FIELD; SPACE AB At present no theory of a massive graviton is known that is consistent with experiments at both long and short distances. The problem is that consistency with long distance experiments requires the graviton mass to be very small. Such a small graviton mass however implies an ultraviolet cutoff for the theory at length scales far larger than the millimeter scale at which gravity has already been measured. In this paper we attempt to construct a model which avoids this problem. We consider a brane world setup in warped anti- de Sitter spacetime and we investigate the consequences of writing a mass term for the graviton on an infrared brane where the local cutoff is of order a large (galactic) distance scale. The advantage of this setup is that the low cutoff for physics on the infrared brane does not significantly affect the predictivity of the theory for observers localized on the ultraviolet brane. For such observers the predictions of this theory agree with general relativity at distances smaller than the infrared scale but go over to those of a theory of massive gravity at longer distances. A careful analysis of the graviton two-point function, however, reveals the presence of a ghost in the low energy spectrum. A mode decomposition of the higher dimensional theory reveals that the ghost corresponds to the radion field. We also investigate the theory with a brane-localized mass for the graviton on the ultraviolet brane, and show that the physics of this case is similar to that of a conventional four dimensional theory with a massive graviton, but with one important difference: when the infrared brane decouples and the would-be massive graviton gets heavier than the regular Kaluza-Klein modes, it becomes unstable and it has a finite width to decay off the brane into the continuum of Kaluza-Klein states. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. CEA Saclay, Serv Phys Theor, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Michigan Ctr Theoret Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Univ Padua, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Dipartimento Fis G Galilei, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. RP Chacko, Z (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM zchacko@thsrv.lbl.gov; graesser@theory.caltech.edu; grojean@spht.saclay.cea.fr; pilo@pd.infn.it RI Pilo, Luigi/G-6589-2012; OI Pilo, Luigi/0000-0003-3554-2427; grojean, christophe/0000-0002-7196-7361 NR 51 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 8 AR 084028 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.70.084028 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 866UX UT WOS:000224800000081 ER PT J AU Chacko, Z Hall, LJ Okui, T Oliver, SJ AF Chacko, Z Hall, LJ Okui, T Oliver, SJ TI CMB signals of neutrino mass generation SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID PROBE WMAP OBSERVATIONS; TRITIUM BETA-SPECTRUM; BROKEN LEPTON NUMBER; COSMOLOGICAL PARAMETERS; MAJORON COUPLINGS; SCALE; CONSTRAINTS; UNIVERSE; MODEL; DECAY AB We propose signals in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) to probe the type and spectrum of neutrino masses. In theories that have spontaneous breaking of approximate lepton flavor symmetries at or below the weak scale, light pseudo-Goldstone bosons recouple to the cosmic neutrinos after nucleosynthesis and affect the acoustic oscillations of the electron-photon fluid during the eV era. Deviations from the Standard Model are predicted for both the total energy density in radiation during this epoch, DeltaN(nu), and for the multipole of the n'th CMB peak at large n, Deltal(n). The latter signal is difficult to reproduce other than by scattering of the known neutrinos, and is therefore an ideal test of our class of theories. In many models, the large shift Deltal(n)approximate to8n(S) depends on the number of neutrino species that scatter via the pseudo-Goldstone boson interaction. This interaction is proportional to the neutrino masses, so that the signal reflects the neutrino spectrum. The prediction for DeltaN(nu) is highly model dependent, but can be accurately computed within any given model. It is very sensitive to the number of pseudo-Goldstone bosons, and therefore to the underlying symmetries of the leptons, and is typically in the region of 0.03=(m/M-1)(alpha) (Deltaalphaapproximate to0.03), and perhaps even the Hubble parameter (Deltahapproximate to0.07). We find cluster abundances and bias are not well suited for constraining Omega(m) or the amplitude M-1. We also find that without bias information sigma(8) and alpha are degenerate, implying constraints on the former are strongly dependent on priors used for the latter and vice-versa. The degeneracy stems from an intrinsic scaling relation of the halo mass function, and hence it should be present regardless of the mass-tracer used in the survey. C1 Univ Chicago, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Ctr Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, NASA, Fermi Astrophys Ctr, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Rozo, E (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. NR 54 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 8 AR 083008 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.70.083008 PG 21 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 866UX UT WOS:000224800000016 ER PT J AU Cao, YH Tung, WW Gao, JB Protopopescu, VA Hively, LM AF Cao, YH Tung, WW Gao, JB Protopopescu, VA Hively, LM TI Detecting dynamical changes in time series using the permutation entropy SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID NEURONAL COMPLEXITY LOSS; TEMPORAL-LOBE EPILEPSY; DETERMINISTIC CHAOS; NONLINEAR-ANALYSIS; RECURRENCE PLOTS; EEG RECORDINGS; INTERVAL MAPS; SCALP EEG; NONSTATIONARITY; SEIZURES AB Timely detection of unusual and/or unexpected events in natural and man-made systems has deep scientific and practical relevance. We show that the recently proposed conceptually simple and easily calculated measure of permutation entropy can be effectively used to detect qualitative and quantitative dynamical changes. We illustrate our results on two model systems as well as on clinically characterized brain wave data from epileptic patients. C1 Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. BioSieve, San Jose, CA 95117 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Tung, WW (reprint author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. EM contact@biosieve.com; wwtung@ucar.edu; gao@ece.ufl.edu; protopopesva@ornl.gov; hivelylm@ornl.gov NR 36 TC 177 Z9 186 U1 4 U2 42 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 4 AR 046217 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.70.046217 PN 2 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 879AU UT WOS:000225689600060 PM 15600505 ER PT J AU Habara, H Lancaster, KL Karsch, S Murphy, CD Norreys, PA Evans, RG Borghesi, M Romagnani, L Zepf, M Norimatsu, T Toyama, Y Kodama, R King, JA Snavely, R Akli, K Zhang, B Freeman, R Hatchett, S MacKinnon, AJ Patel, P Key, MH Stoeckl, C Stephens, RB Fonseca, RA Silva, LO AF Habara, H Lancaster, KL Karsch, S Murphy, CD Norreys, PA Evans, RG Borghesi, M Romagnani, L Zepf, M Norimatsu, T Toyama, Y Kodama, R King, JA Snavely, R Akli, K Zhang, B Freeman, R Hatchett, S MacKinnon, AJ Patel, P Key, MH Stoeckl, C Stephens, RB Fonseca, RA Silva, LO TI Ion acceleration from the shock front induced by hole boring in ultraintense laser-plasma interactions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID NEUTRON EMISSION; INTENSITY LASER; SOLID TARGETS; GENERATION; PULSE; IRRADIATION; ELECTRON; VULCAN; BEAMS AB Ion-acceleration processes have been studied in ultraintense laser plasma interactions for normal incidence irradiation of solid deuterated targets via neutron spectroscopy. The experimental neutron spectra strongly suggest that the ions are preferentially accelerated radially, rather than into the bulk of the material from three-dimensional Monte Carlo fitting of the neutron spectra. Although the laser system has a 10(-7) contrast ratio, a two-dimensional magnetic hydrodynamics simulation shows that the laser pedestal generates a 10 mum scale length in the coronal plasma with a 3 mum scale-length plasma near the critical density. Two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations, incorporating this realistic density profile, indicate that the acceleration of the ions is caused by a collisionless shock formation. This has implications for modeling energy transport in solid is caused by a collisionless shock formation. This has implications for modeling energy transport in solid density plasmas as well as cone-focused fast ignition using the next generation PW lasers currently under construction. C1 Rutherford Appleton Lab, Cent Laser Facil, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, London SW7 2BZ, England. Queens Univ Belfast, Dept Pure & Appl Phys, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland. Osaka Univ, Inst Laser Engn, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. Inst Super Tecn, GOLP, Ctr Fis Plasmas, P-1049001 Lisbon, Portugal. RP Habara, H (reprint author), Rutherford Appleton Lab, Cent Laser Facil, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. RI Kodama, Ryosuke/G-2627-2016; Silva, Luis/C-3169-2009; Fonseca, Ricardo/B-7680-2009; Patel, Pravesh/E-1400-2011; Toyama, Yusuke/H-8023-2012; Borghesi, Marco/K-2974-2012; Zepf, Matt/M-1232-2014; MacKinnon, Andrew/P-7239-2014; Norimatsu, Takayoshi/I-5710-2015 OI Stephens, Richard/0000-0002-7034-6141; Silva, Luis/0000-0003-2906-924X; Fonseca, Ricardo/0000-0001-6342-6226; Toyama, Yusuke/0000-0003-3230-1062; MacKinnon, Andrew/0000-0002-4380-2906; NR 28 TC 44 Z9 48 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 4 AR 046414 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.70.046414 PN 2 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 879AU UT WOS:000225689600092 PM 15600537 ER PT J AU Kevrekidis, PG Konotop, VV Malomed, BA Bishop, AR AF Kevrekidis, PG Konotop, VV Malomed, BA Bishop, AR TI Nonlinearity from geometric interactions: A case example SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID DIATOMIC LATTICES; MOVING BREATHERS; DNA MODEL; SOLITONS; CHAIN AB We propose a ladder model wherein dynamical nonlinearity arises from geometry. It includes two strings of particles which are set along rigid rails of a "railroad" and coupled by linear springs. Physical realizations of the model include dust-particle strings in plasma sheaths and chains of microparticles trapped in a strong optical lattice. The transverse couplings between the strings, along with the, motion constraint,imposed by the rails, generate nonlinearity. It gives rise to robust solitary waves, which are found analytically in the long-wavelength limit, and are obtained in simulations of the full system. C1 Univ Massachusetts, Dept Math & Stat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. Univ Lisbon, Ctr Fis Teor & Computac, P-1649003 Lisbon, Portugal. Univ Lisbon, Dept Fis, P-1749016 Lisbon, Portugal. Tel Aviv Univ, Fac Engn, Dept Interdisciplinary Studies, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Univ Massachusetts, Dept Math & Stat, Lederle Grad Res Tower, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RI Konotop, Vladimir/C-6664-2012; Konotop, Vladimir/E-6964-2011 OI Konotop, Vladimir/0000-0002-1398-3910 NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0045 EI 2470-0053 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 4 AR 047602 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.70.047602 PN 2 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 879AU UT WOS:000225689600123 ER PT J AU Koschny, T Markos, P Smith, DR Soukoulis, CM AF Koschny, T Markos, P Smith, DR Soukoulis, CM TI Reply to Comments on ''Resonant and antiresonant frequency dependence of the effective parameters of metamaterials'' SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Letter AB We argue, in agreement with our previous work, that periodicity of the metamaterial is responsible for antiresonant behavior of the effective permittivity as well as for the negative sign of the imaginary part of an effective permittivity or permeability. This agrees with the Comment of Efros. C1 Fdn Res & Technol Hellas, Iraklion 71110, Crete, Greece. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Slovak Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Bratislava 84511, Slovakia. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Koschny, T (reprint author), Fdn Res & Technol Hellas, Iraklion 71110, Crete, Greece. EM soukoulis@ameslab.gov RI Soukoulis, Costas/A-5295-2008; Smith, David/E-4710-2012 NR 6 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 4 AR 048603 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.70.048603 PN 2 PG 1 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 879AU UT WOS:000225689600130 ER PT J AU Nagler, B Verschaffelt, G Peeters, M Albert, J Veretennicoff, I Danckaert, J Giacomelli, G Marin, F AF Nagler, B Verschaffelt, G Peeters, M Albert, J Veretennicoff, I Danckaert, J Giacomelli, G Marin, F TI Modulation frequency response of a bistable system with noise SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID SURFACE-EMITTING LASERS; STOCHASTIC RESONANCE; SIGNALS AB We present a method to construct a modulation frequency response curve for bistable systems in the presence of noise. To this end, a small sinusoidal modulation is applied to the system such that it switches between its two stable states. The response curve we construct yields information on the nature of the physical mechanism underlying the switching process and is furthermore comparable to the standard response curves of linear systems. Our semianalytical approach, which only needs approximate Kramer rates, is in good agreement with numerical simulations. The concept is applicable to a wide range of systems. C1 Free Univ Brussels, Dept Appl Phys & Photon TW TONA, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. Ist Nazl Ott Applicata, I-50125 Florence, Italy. INFM, Unita Firenze, Florence, Italy. Univ Florence, Dipartimento Fis, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy. Univ Florence, LENS, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy. RP Nagler, B (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Ctr Beam Phys, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM Bob.Nagler@fulbrightweb.org RI Marin, Francesco/I-7492-2013; Giacomelli, Giovanni/B-8374-2015 OI Marin, Francesco/0000-0001-8227-124X; Giacomelli, Giovanni/0000-0002-5140-0173 NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 4 AR 046214 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.70.046214 PN 2 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 879AU UT WOS:000225689600057 ER PT J AU Stone, MB Barry, R Bernstein, DP Pelc, MD Tsui, YK Schiffer, P AF Stone, MB Barry, R Bernstein, DP Pelc, MD Tsui, YK Schiffer, P TI Local jamming via penetration of a granular medium SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID STRESS PROPAGATION; FLUCTUATIONS; RESISTANCE; MATTER; DRAG; DYNAMICS; BOTTOM; SAND AB We present a series of measurements examining the penetration force required to push a flat plate vertically through a dense granular medium, focusing in particular on the effects of the bottom boundary of the vessel containing the medium. Our data demonstrate that the penetration force near the bottom is strongly affected by the surface properties of the bottom boundary, even many grain diameters above the bottom. Furthermore, the data indicate an intrinsic length scale for the interaction of the penetrating plate with the vessel bottom via the medium. This length scale, which corresponds to the extent of local jamming induced by the penetrating plate, has a square root dependence both upon the plate radius and the ambient granular stress near the bottom boundary, but it is independent of penetration velocity and grain diameter. C1 Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Penn State Univ, Inst Mat Res, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Stone, MB (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM schiffer@phys.psu.edu RI Schiffer, Peter/F-3227-2011; Stone, Matthew/G-3275-2011; OI Stone, Matthew/0000-0001-7884-9715; Schiffer, Peter/0000-0002-6430-6549 NR 31 TC 60 Z9 62 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 4 AR 041301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.70.041301 PN 1 PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 879AT UT WOS:000225689500017 PM 15600401 ER PT J AU Torgerson, JR Lamoreaux, SK AF Torgerson, JR Lamoreaux, SK TI Low-frequency character of the Casimir force between metallic films SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID MU-M RANGE; TEMPERATURE AB The frequency spectrum of the finite temperature correction to the Casimir. force can be determined by use of the Lifshitz formalism for metallic plates of finite conductivity. We show that the correction for the TE electromagnetic modes is dominated by frequencies so low that the plates cannot be modeled as ideal dielectrics. We also address issues relating to the behavior of electromagnetic. fields at the surfaces and within. metallic conductors, and calculate the surface modes using appropriate low-frequency metallic boundary conditions. Our result brings the thermal correction into agreement with experimental results that were previously obtained. We suggest a series of measurements that will test the veracity of our analysis. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Phys P23, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Torgerson, JR (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Phys P23, MS H803, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 24 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD OCT PY 2004 VL 70 IS 4 AR 047102 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.70.047102 PN 2 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 879AU UT WOS:000225689600120 PM 15600565 ER PT J AU Abazov, VM Abbott, B Abolins, M Acharya, BS Adams, DL Adams, M Adams, T Agelou, M Agram, JL Ahmed, SN Ahn, SH Alexeev, GD Alkhazov, G Alton, A Alverson, G Alves, GA Anderson, S Andrieu, B Arnoud, Y Askew, A Asman, B Autermann, C Avila, C Babukhadia, L Bacon, TC Baden, A Baffioni, S Baldin, B Balm, PW Banerjee, S Barberis, E Bargassa, P Baringer, P Barnes, C Barreto, J Bartlett, JF Bassler, U Bauer, D Bean, A Beauceron, S Beaudette, F Begel, M Beri, SB Bernardi, G Bertram, I Besancon, M Besson, A Beuselinck, R Bezzubov, VA Bhat, PC Bhatnagar, V Bhattacharjee, M Binder, M Bischoff, A Black, KM Blackler, I Blazey, G Blekman, F Bloch, D Blumenschein, U Boehnlein, A Bolton, TA Bonamy, P Borcherding, F Borissov, G Bos, K Bose, T Boswell, C Brandt, A Briskin, G Brock, R Brooijmans, G Bross, A Buchholz, D Buehler, M Buescher, V Burdin, S Burnett, TH Busato, E Butler, JM Bystricky, J Canelli, F Carvalho, W Casey, BCK Casey, D Cason, NM Castilla-Valdez, H Chakrabarti, S Chakraborty, D Chan, KM Chandra, A Chapin, D Charles, F Cheu, E Chevalier, L Cho, DK Choi, S Chopra, S Christiansen, T Christofek, L Claes, D Clark, AR Clement, C Coadou, Y Colling, DJ Coney, L Connolly, B Cooper, WE Coppage, D Corcoran, M Coss, J Cothenet, A Cousinou, MC Crepe-Renaudin, S Cristetiu, M Cummings, MAC Cutts, D da Motta, H Davies, B Davies, G Davis, GA De, K de Jong, P de Jong, SJ De la Cruz-Burelo, E Martins, CD Dean, S Del Signore, K Deliot, F Delsart, PA Demarteau, M Demina, R Demine, P Denisov, D Denisov, SP Desai, S Diehl, HT Diesburg, M Doidge, M Dong, H Doulas, S Duflot, L Dugad, SR Duperrin, A Dyer, J Dyshkant, A Eads, M Edmunds, D Edwards, T Ellison, J Elmsheuser, J Eltzroth, JT Elvira, VD Eno, S Ermolov, P Eroshin, OV Estrada, J Evans, D Evans, H Evdokimov, A Evdokimov, VN Fast, J Fatakia, SN Fein, D Feligioni, L Ferbel, T Fiedler, F Filthaut, F Fisk, HE Fleuret, F Fortner, M Fox, H Freeman, W Fu, S Fuess, S Galea, CF Gallas, E Galyaev, E Gao, M Garcia, C Garcia-Bellido, A Gardner, J Gavrilov, V Gele, D Gelhaus, R Genser, K Gerber, CE Gershtein, Y Geurkov, G Ginther, G Goldmann, K Golling, T Gomez, B Gounder, K Goussiou, A Graham, G Grannis, PD Greder, S Green, JA Greenlee, H Greenwood, ZD Gregores, EM Grinstein, S Grivaz, JF Groer, L Grunendahl, S Grunewald, MW Gu, W Gurzhiev, SN Gutierrez, G Gutierrez, P Haas, A Hadley, NJ Haggerty, H Hagopian, S Hall, I Hall, RE Han, C Han, L Hanagaki, K Hanlet, P Harder, K Hauptman, JM Hauser, R Hays, C Hays, J Hebert, C Hedin, D Heinmiller, JM Heinson, AP Heintz, U Hensel, C Hesketh, G Hildreth, MD Hirosky, R Hobbs, JD Hoeneisen, B Hohlfeld, M Hong, SJ Hooper, R Hou, S Hu, Y Huang, J Huang, Y Iashvili, I Illingworth, R Ito, AS Jabeen, S Jaffre, M Jain, S Jain, V Jakobs, K Jenkins, A Jesik, R Jiang, Y Johns, K Johnson, M Johnson, P Jonckheere, A Jonsson, P Jostlein, H Juste, A Kado, MM Kafer, D Kahl, W Kahn, S Kajfasz, E Kalinin, AM Kalk, J Karmanov, D Kasper, J Kau, D Ke, Z Kehoe, R Kermiche, S Kesisoglou, S Khanov, A Kharchilava, A Kharzheev, YM Kim, KH Klima, B Klute, M Kohli, JM Kopal, M Korablev, V Kotcher, J Kothari, B Kotwal, AV Koubarovsky, A Kouchner, A Kouznetsov, O Kozelov, AV Kozminski, J Krane, J Krishnaswamy, MR Krzywdzinski, S Kubantsev, M Kuleshov, S Kulik, Y Kunori, S Kupco, A Kurca, T Kuznetsov, VE Lager, S Lahrichi, N Landsberg, G Lazoflores, J Le Bihan, AC Lebrun, P Lee, SW Lee, WM Leflat, A Leggett, C Lehner, F Leonidopoulos, C Lewis, P Li, J Li, QZ Li, X Lima, JGR Lincoln, D Linn, SL Linnemann, J Lipton, R Lobo, L Lobodenko, A Lokajicek, M Lounis, A Lu, J Lubatti, HJ Lucotte, A Lueking, L Luo, C Lynker, M Lyon, AL Maciel, AKA Madaras, RJ Magnan, AM Maity, M Mal, PK Malik, S Malyshev, VL Manankov, V Mao, HS Maravin, Y Marshall, T Martens, M Martin, MI Mattingly, SEK Mayorov, AA McCarthy, R McCroskey, R McMahon, T Meder, D Melanson, HL Melnitchouk, A Meng, X Merkin, M Merritt, KW Meyer, A Miao, C Miettinen, H Mihalcea, D Mishra, CS Mitrevski, J Mokhov, N Molina, J Mondal, NK Montgomery, HE Moore, RW Mostafa, M Muanza, GS Mulders, M Mutaf, YD Nagy, E Nang, F Narain, M Narasimham, VS Naumann, NA Neal, HA Negret, JP Nelson, S Neustroev, P Noeding, C Nomerotski, A Novaes, SF Nunnemann, T Nurse, E O'Dell, V O'Neil, DC Oguri, V Oliveira, N Olivier, B Oshima, N Garzon, GJOY Padley, P Papageorgiou, K Parashar, N Park, J Park, SK Parsons, J Partridge, R Parua, N Patwa, A Perea, PM Perez, E Peters, O Petroff, P Petteni, M Phaf, L Piegaia, R Podesta-Lerma, PLM Podstavkov, VM Pope, BG Popkov, E da Silva, WLP Prosper, HB Protopopescu, S Przybycien, MB Qian, J Quadt, A Quinn, B Rani, KJ Rapidis, PA Ratoff, PN Reay, NW Renardy, JF Reucroft, S Rha, J Ridel, M Rijssenbeek, M Ripp-Baudot, I Rizatdinova, F Royon, C Rubinov, P Ruchti, R Sabirov, BM Sajot, G Sanchez-Hernandez, A Sanders, MP Santoro, A Savage, G Sawyer, L Scanlon, T Schamberger, RD Schellman, H Schieferdecker, P Schmitt, C Schukin, A Schwartzman, A Schwienhorst, R Sengupta, S Shabalina, E Shary, V Shephard, WD Shpakov, D Sidwell, RA Simak, V Sirotenko, V Skow, D Slattery, P Smith, RP Smolek, K Snow, GR Snow, J Snyder, S Soldner-Rembold, S Song, X Song, Y Sonnenschein, L Sopczak, A Sorin, V Sosebee, M Soustruznik, K Souza, M Stanton, NR Stark, J Steele, J Steinbruck, G Stevenson, K Stolin, V Stone, A Stoyanova, DA Strandberg, J Strang, MA Strauss, M Strohmer, R Strovink, M Stutte, L Sznajder, A Talby, M Tamburello, P Taylor, W Telford, P Temple, J Tentindo-Repond, S Thomas, E Thooris, B Tomoto, M Toole, T Torborg, J Towers, S Trefzger, T Trincaz-Duvoid, S Trippe, TG Tuchming, B Turcot, AS Tuts, PM Uvarov, L Uvarov, S Uzunyan, S Vachon, B Van Kooten, R van Leeuwen, WM Varelas, N Varnes, EW Vasilyev, I Verdier, P Vertogradov, LS Verzocchi, M Villeneuve-Seguier, F Vlimant, JR Von Toerne, E Vreeswijk, M Anh, TV Wahl, HD Walker, R Wallace, N Wang, ZM Warchol, J Warsinsky, M Watts, G Wayne, M Weber, M Weerts, H Wegner, M White, A White, V Whiteson, D Wicke, D Wijngaarden, DA Wilson, GW Wimpenny, SJ Wittlin, J Wlodek, T Wobisch, M Womersley, J Wood, DR Wu, Z Wyatt, TR Xu, Q Xuan, N Yamada, R Yasuda, T Yatsunenko, YA Yen, Y Yip, K Youn, SW Yu, J Yurkewicz, A Zabi, A Zatserklyaniy, A Zdrazil, M Zeitnitz, C Zhang, B Zhang, D Zhang, X Zhao, T Zhao, Z Zheng, H Zhou, B Zhou, Z Zhu, J Zielinski, M Zieminska, D Zieminski, A Zitoun, R Zutshi, V Zverev, EG Zylberstejn, A AF Abazov, VM Abbott, B Abolins, M Acharya, BS Adams, DL Adams, M Adams, T Agelou, M Agram, JL Ahmed, SN Ahn, SH Alexeev, GD Alkhazov, G Alton, A Alverson, G Alves, GA Anderson, S Andrieu, B Arnoud, Y Askew, A Asman, B Autermann, C Avila, C Babukhadia, L Bacon, TC Baden, A Baffioni, S Baldin, B Balm, PW Banerjee, S Barberis, E Bargassa, P Baringer, P Barnes, C Barreto, J Bartlett, JF Bassler, U Bauer, D Bean, A Beauceron, S Beaudette, F Begel, M Beri, SB Bernardi, G Bertram, I Besancon, M Besson, A Beuselinck, R Bezzubov, VA Bhat, PC Bhatnagar, V Bhattacharjee, M Binder, M Bischoff, A Black, KM Blackler, I Blazey, G Blekman, F Bloch, D Blumenschein, U Boehnlein, A Bolton, TA Bonamy, P Borcherding, F Borissov, G Bos, K Bose, T Boswell, C Brandt, A Briskin, G Brock, R Brooijmans, G Bross, A Buchholz, D Buehler, M Buescher, V Burdin, S Burnett, TH Busato, E Butler, JM Bystricky, J Canelli, F Carvalho, W Casey, BCK Casey, D Cason, NM Castilla-Valdez, H Chakrabarti, S Chakraborty, D Chan, KM Chandra, A Chapin, D Charles, F Cheu, E Chevalier, L Cho, DK Choi, S Chopra, S Christiansen, T Christofek, L Claes, D Clark, AR Clement, C Coadou, Y Colling, DJ Coney, L Connolly, B Cooper, WE Coppage, D Corcoran, M Coss, J Cothenet, A Cousinou, MC Crepe-Renaudin, S Cristetiu, M Cummings, MAC Cutts, D da Motta, H Davies, B Davies, G Davis, GA De, K de Jong, P de Jong, SJ De la Cruz-Burelo, E Martins, CD Dean, S Del Signore, K Deliot, F Delsart, PA Demarteau, M Demina, R Demine, P Denisov, D Denisov, SP Desai, S Diehl, HT Diesburg, M Doidge, M Dong, H Doulas, S Duflot, L Dugad, SR Duperrin, A Dyer, J Dyshkant, A Eads, M Edmunds, D Edwards, T Ellison, J Elmsheuser, J Eltzroth, JT Elvira, VD Eno, S Ermolov, P Eroshin, OV Estrada, J Evans, D Evans, H Evdokimov, A Evdokimov, VN Fast, J Fatakia, SN Fein, D Feligioni, L Ferbel, T Fiedler, F Filthaut, F Fisk, HE Fleuret, F Fortner, M Fox, H Freeman, W Fu, S Fuess, S Galea, CF Gallas, E Galyaev, E Gao, M Garcia, C Garcia-Bellido, A Gardner, J Gavrilov, V Gele, D Gelhaus, R Genser, K Gerber, CE Gershtein, Y Geurkov, G Ginther, G Goldmann, K Golling, T Gomez, B Gounder, K Goussiou, A Graham, G Grannis, PD Greder, S Green, JA Greenlee, H Greenwood, ZD Gregores, EM Grinstein, S Grivaz, JF Groer, L Grunendahl, S Grunewald, MW Gu, W Gurzhiev, SN Gutierrez, G Gutierrez, P Haas, A Hadley, NJ Haggerty, H Hagopian, S Hall, I Hall, RE Han, C Han, L Hanagaki, K 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boson pair production in the decay to mu(+)mu(+)mu(-)mu(-) in p(p)over-bar collisions at root s=1.96 TeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID STANDARD MODEL; LEPTON-NUMBER; VIOLATION; SYMMETRY; DETECTOR AB A search for pair production of doubly charged Higgs bosons in the process p (p) over bar -->H++H---->mu(+)mu(+)mu(-)mu(-) is performed with the D0 run II detector at the Fermilab Tevatron. The analysis is based on a sample of inclusive dimuon data collected at an energy of roots=1.96 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 113 pb(-1). In the absence of a signal, 95% confidence level mass limits of M(H-L(+/-+/-))>118.4 GeV/c(2) and M(H-R(+/-+/-))>98.2 GeV/c(2) are set for left-handed and right-handed doubly charged Higgs bosons, respectively, assuming 100% branching into muon pairs. C1 Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. Univ Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. Ctr Brasileiro Pesquisas Fis, LAFEX, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Univ Estado Rio De Janeiro, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Fis Teor, BR-01405 Sao Paulo, Brazil. Univ Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada. Simon Fraser Univ, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Univ Los Andes, Bogota, Colombia. Charles Univ, Ctr Particle Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. Czech Tech Univ, CR-16635 Prague, Czech Republic. 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Langston Univ, Langston, OK 73050 USA. Univ Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019 USA. Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA. Univ Texas, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77005 USA. Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Abazov, VM (reprint author), Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. RI Sharyy, Viatcheslav/F-9057-2014; Sznajder, Andre/L-1621-2016; Canelli, Florencia/O-9693-2016; Alves, Gilvan/C-4007-2013; Deliot, Frederic/F-3321-2014; Telford, Paul/B-6253-2011; Nomerotski, Andrei/A-5169-2010; Gutierrez, Phillip/C-1161-2011; Leflat, Alexander/D-7284-2012; Merkin, Mikhail/D-6809-2012; Novaes, Sergio/D-3532-2012; Yip, Kin/D-6860-2013; Kuleshov, Sergey/D-9940-2013; De, Kaushik/N-1953-2013; Oguri, Vitor/B-5403-2013 OI Sharyy, Viatcheslav/0000-0002-7161-2616; Sznajder, Andre/0000-0001-6998-1108; Canelli, Florencia/0000-0001-6361-2117; Novaes, Sergio/0000-0003-0471-8549; Yip, Kin/0000-0002-8576-4311; Kuleshov, Sergey/0000-0002-3065-326X; De, Kaushik/0000-0002-5647-4489; NR 34 TC 62 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. 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Y Lee, J Lee, SW Leonardo, N Leone, S Lewis, JD Li, K Lin, CS Lindgren, M Liss, TM Liu, JB Liu, T Liu, YC Litvintsev, DO Lobban, O Lockyer, NS Loginov, A Loken, J Loreti, M Lucchesi, D Lukens, P Lusin, S Lyons, L Lys, J Madrak, R Maeshima, K Maksimovic, P Malferrari, L Mangano, M Manca, G Mariotti, M Martignon, G Martin, M Martin, A Martin, V Martinez, M Matthews, JAJ Mazzanti, P McFarland, KS McIntyre, P Menguzzato, M Menzione, A Merkel, P Mesropian, C Meyer, A Miao, T Miller, R Miller, JS Minato, H Miscetti, S Mishina, M Mitselmakher, G Miyazaki, Y Moggi, N Moore, E Moore, R Morita, Y Moulik, T Mulhearn, M Mukherjee, A Muller, T Munar, A Murat, P Murgia, S Nachtman, J Nagaslaev, V Nahn, S Nakada, H Nakano, I Napora, R Niell, F Nelson, C Nelson, T Neu, C Neubauer, MS Neuberger, D Newman-Holmes, C Ngan, CYP Nigmanov, T Niu, H Nodulman, L Nomerotski, A Oh, SH Oh, YD Ohmoto, T Ohsugi, T Oishi, R Okusawa, T Olsen, J Orejudos, W Pagliarone, C Palmonari, F Paoletti, R Papadimitriou, V Partos, D Patrick, J Pauletta, G Paulini, M Pauly, T Paus, C Pellett, D Penzo, A Pescara, L Phillips, TJ Piacentino, G Piedra, J Pitts, KT Pompos, A Pondrom, L Pope, G Pratt, T Prokoshin, F Proudfoot, J Ptohos, F Pukhov, O Punzi, G Rademacker, J Rakitine, A Ratnikov, F Ray, H Reher, D Reichold, A Renton, P Rescigno, M Ribon, A Riegler, W Rimondi, F Ristori, L Riveline, M Robertson, WJ Rodrigo, T Rolli, S Rosenson, L Roser, R Rossin, R Rott, C Roy, A Ruiz, A Ryan, D Safonov, A St Denis, R Sakumoto, WK Saltzberg, D Sanchez, C Sansoni, A Santi, L Sarkar, S Sato, H Savard, P Savoy-Navarro, A Schlabach, P Schmidt, EE Schmidt, MP Schmitt, M Scodellaro, L Scott, A Scribano, A Sedov, A Seidel, S Seiya, Y Semenov, A Semeria, F Shah, T Shapiro, MD Shepard, PF Shibayama, T Shimojima, M Shochet, M Sidoti, A Siegrist, J Sill, A Sinervo, P Singh, P Slaughter, AJ Sliwa, K Snider, FD Snihur, R Solodsky, A Speer, T Spezziga, M Sphicas, P Spinella, F Spiropulu, M Spiegel, L Steele, J Stefanini, A Strologas, J Strumia, F Stuart, D Sukhanov, A Sumorok, K Suzuki, T Takano, T Takashima, R Takikawa, K Tamburello, P Tanaka, M Tannenbaum, B Tecchio, M Tesarek, RJ Teng, PK Terashi, K Tether, S Thom, J Thompson, AS Thomson, E Thurman-Keup, R Tipton, P Tkaczyk, S Toback, D Tollefson, K Tonelli, D Tonnesmann, M Toyoda, H Trischuk, W de Troconiz, JF Tseng, J Tsybychev, D Turini, N Ukegawa, F Unverhau, T Vaiciulis, T Varganov, A Vataga, E Vejcik, S Velev, G Veramendi, G Vidal, R Vila, I Vilar, R Volobouev, I von der Mey, M Vucinic, D Wagner, RG Wagner, RL Wagner, W Wan, Z Wang, C Wang, MJ Wang, SM Ward, B Waschke, S Watanabe, T Waters, D Watts, T Weber, M Wenzel, H Wester, WC Whitehouse, B Wicklund, AB Wicklund, E Wilkes, T Williams, HH Wilson, P Winer, BL Winn, D Wolbers, S Wolinski, D Wolinski, J Wolinski, S Wolter, M Worm, S Wu, X Wurthwein, F Wyss, J Yang, UK Yao, W Yeh, GP Yeh, P Yi, K Yoh, J Yosef, C Yoshida, T Yu, I Yu, S Yu, Z Yun, JC Zanello, L Zanetti, A Zetti, F Zucchelli, S CA CDF Collaboration TI Inclusive double-Pomeron exchange at the Fermilab tevatron (p)over-barp collider SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DIFFRACTION AB We report results from a study of events with a double-Pomeron exchange topology produced in (p) over barp collisions at roots=1800 GeV. The events are characterized by a leading antiproton and a large rapidity gap on the outgoing proton side. We find that the differential production cross section agrees in shape with predictions based on Regge theory and factorization, and that the ratio of double-Pomeron exchange to single diffractive production rates is relatively unsuppressed as compared to the O(10) suppression factor previously measured in single diffractive production. C1 Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Bologna, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. Brandeis Univ, Waltham, MA 02254 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Cantabria, Inst Fis Cantabria, CSIC, E-39005 Santander, Spain. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Joint Inst Nucl Res, RU-141980 Dubna, Russia. Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. Univ Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Hiroshima Univ, Higashihiroshima 724, Japan. Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Univ Karlsruhe, Inst Expt Kernphys, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany. High Energy Accelerator Res Org KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Kyungpook Natl Univ, Ctr High Energy Phys, Taegu 702701, South Korea. Sungkyunkwan Univ, Suwon 440746, South Korea. Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. UCL, London WC1E 6BT, England. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Osaka City Univ, Osaka 558, Japan. Univ Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. Univ Padua, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Pisa, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56100 Pisa, Italy. Scuola Normale Super Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy. Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. Rockefeller Univ, New York, NY 10021 USA. Univ Rome La Sapienza 1, Inst Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. Univ Toronto, Inst Particle Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. Univ Trieste, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Udine, Italy. Univ Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Tufts Univ, Medford, MA 02155 USA. Waseda Univ, Tokyo 169, Japan. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Seoul Natl Univ, Seoul 151742, South Korea. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Acosta, D (reprint author), Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RI Kim, Soo-Bong/B-7061-2014; Gallas Torreira, Abraham Antonio/K-6508-2014; Scodellaro, Luca/K-9091-2014; Connolly, Amy/J-3958-2013; Paulini, Manfred/N-7794-2014; Cabrera Urban, Susana/H-1376-2015; Introzzi, Gianluca/K-2497-2015; Gorelov, Igor/J-9010-2015; Leonardo, Nuno/M-6940-2016; Lancaster, Mark/C-1693-2008; Vucinic, Dejan/C-2406-2008; Nomerotski, Andrei/A-5169-2010; Ruiz, Alberto/E-4473-2011; De Cecco, Sandro/B-1016-2012; Wolter, Marcin/A-7412-2012; St.Denis, Richard/C-8997-2012; Azzi, Patrizia/H-5404-2012; manca, giulia/I-9264-2012; Punzi, Giovanni/J-4947-2012; Chiarelli, Giorgio/E-8953-2012; Ivanov, Andrew/A-7982-2013; Prokoshin, Fedor/E-2795-2012 OI Gallas Torreira, Abraham Antonio/0000-0002-2745-7954; Scodellaro, Luca/0000-0002-4974-8330; Paulini, Manfred/0000-0002-6714-5787; Introzzi, Gianluca/0000-0002-1314-2580; Gorelov, Igor/0000-0001-5570-0133; Leonardo, Nuno/0000-0002-9746-4594; Gallinaro, Michele/0000-0003-1261-2277; Turini, Nicola/0000-0002-9395-5230; Ruiz, Alberto/0000-0002-3639-0368; Azzi, Patrizia/0000-0002-3129-828X; Punzi, Giovanni/0000-0002-8346-9052; Chiarelli, Giorgio/0000-0001-9851-4816; Ivanov, Andrew/0000-0002-9270-5643; Prokoshin, Fedor/0000-0001-6389-5399 NR 20 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. 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JF Artikov, A Ashmanskas, W Attal, A Azfar, F Azzi-Bacchetta, P Bacchetta, N Bachacou, H Badgett, W Barbaro-Galtieri, A Barker, GJ Barnes, VE Barnett, BA Baroiant, S Barone, M Bauer, G Bedeschi, F Behari, S Belforte, S Bellettini, G Bellinger, J Benjamin, D Beretvas, A Bhatti, A Binkley, M Bisello, D Bishai, M Blair, RE Blocker, C Bloom, K Blumenfeld, B Bocci, A Bodek, A Bolla, G Bolshov, A Booth, PSL Bortoletto, D Boudreau, J Bourov, S Bromberg, C Brubaker, E Budagov, J Budd, HS Burkett, K Busetto, G Bussey, P Byrum, KL Cabrera, S Calafiura, P Campanelli, M Campbell, M Canepa, A Casarsa, M Carlsmith, D Carron, S Carosi, R Castro, A Catastini, P Cauz, D Cerri, A Cerri, C Cerrito, L Chapman, J Chen, C Chen, YC Chertok, M Chiarelli, G Chlachidze, G Chlebana, F Cho, I Cho, K Chokheli, D Chu, ML Chuang, S Chung, JY Chung, WH Chung, YS Ciobano, CI Ciocci, MA Clark, AG Clark, D Coca, M Connolly, A Convery, M Conway, J Cordelli, M Cortiana, G Cranshaw, J Cuevas, J Culbertson, R Currat, C Cyr, 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Haber, C Hahn, K Hahn, SR Halkiadakis, E Handler, R Happacher, F Hara, K Hare, M Harr, RF Harris, RM Hartmann, F Hatakeyama, K Hauser, J Hays, C Hayward, H Heider, E Heinemann, B Heinrich, J Hennecke, M Herndon, M Hill, C Hirschbuehl, D Hocker, A Hoffman, KD Holloway, A Hou, S Houlden, MA Huffman, BT Huang, Y Hughes, RE Huston, J Ikado, K Incandela, J Introzzi, G Iori, M Ishizawa, Y Issever, C Ivanov, A Iwata, Y Iyutin, B James, E Jang, D Jarrell, J Jeans, D Jensen, H Jeon, EJ Jones, M Joo, KK Jun, S Junk, T Kamon, T Kang, J Unel, MK Karchin, PE Kartal, S Kato, Y Kemp, Y Kephart, R Kerzel, U Khotilovich, V Kilminster, B Kim, DH Kim, HS Kim, JE Kim, MJ Kim, MS Kim, SB Kim, SH Kim, TH Kim, YK King, BT Kirby, M Kirsch, L Klimenko, S Knuteson, B Ko, BR Kobayashi, H Koehn, P Kong, DJ Kondo, K Konigsberg, J Kordas, K Korn, A Korytov, A Kotelnikov, K Kotwal, AV Kovalev, A Kraus, J Kravchenko, I Kreymer, A Kroll, J Kruse, M Krutelyov, V Kuhlmann, SE Kuznetsova, N Laasanen, AT Lai, S Lami, S Lammel, S Lancaster, J Lancaster, M Lander, R Lannon, K Lath, A Latino, G Lauhakangas, R Lazzizzera, I Le, Y Lecci, C LeCompte, T Lee, J Lee, J Lee, SW Leonardo, N Leone, S Lewis, JD Li, K Lin, C Lin, CS Lindgren, M Liss, TM Litvintsev, DO Liu, T Liu, Y Lockyer, NS Loginov, A Loreti, M Loverre, P Lu, RS Lucchesi, D Lukens, P Lyons, L Lys, J Lysak, R MacQueen, D Madrak, R Maeshima, K Maksimovic, P Malferrari, L Manca, G Marginean, R Martin, M Martin, A Martin, V Martinez, M Maruyama, T Matsunaga, H Mattson, M Mazzanti, P McFarland, KS McGivern, D McIntyre, PM McNamara, P McNulty, R Menzemer, S Menzione, A Merkel, P Mesropian, C Messina, A Miao, T Miladinovic, N Miller, L Miller, R Miller, JS Mills, C Miquel, R Miscetti, S Mitselmakher, G Miyamoto, A Miyazaki, Y Moggi, N Mohr, B Moore, R Morello, M Moulik, T Mukherjee, A Mulhearn, M Muller, T Mumford, R Munar, A Murat, P Nachtman, J Nahn, S Nakamura, I Nakano, I Napier, A Napora, R Naumov, D Necula, V Niell, F Nielsen, J Nelson, C Nelson, T Neu, C Neubauer, MS Newman-Holmes, C Nicollerat, AS Nignamov, T Nodulman, L Oesterberg, K Ogawa, T Oh, S Oh, YD Ohsugi, T Okusawa, T Oldeman, R Orava, R Orejudos, W Pagliarone, C Palmonari, F Paoletti, R Papadimitriou, V Pashapour, S Patrick, J Pauletta, G Paulini, M Pauly, T Paus, C Pellett, D Penzo, A Phillips, TJ Piacentino, G Piedra, J Pitts, KT Plager, C Pompos, A Pondrom, L Pope, G Poukhov, O Prakoshyn, F Pratt, T Pronko, A Proudfoot, J Ptohos, F Punzi, G Rademacker, J Rakitine, A Rappoccio, S Ratnikov, F Ray, H Reichold, A Reisert, B Rekovic, V Renton, P Rescigno, M Rimondi, F Rinnert, K Ristori, L Robertson, WJ Robson, A Rodrigo, T Rolli, S Rosenson, L Roser, R Rossin, R Rott, C Russ, J Ruiz, A Ryan, D Saarikko, H Safonov, A St Denis, R Sakumoto, WK Salamanna, G Saltzberg, D Sanchez, C Sansoni, A Santi, L Sarkar, S Sato, K Savard, P Savoy-Navarro, A Schemitz, P Schlabach, P Schmidt, EE Schmidt, MP Schmitt, M Scodellaro, L Sfiligoi, I Shears, T Scribano, A Scuri, F Sedov, A Seidel, S Seiya, Y Semeria, F Sexton-Kennedy, L Shapiro, MD Shepard, PF Shimojima, M Shochet, M Shon, Y Shreyber, I Sidoti, A Siket, M Sill, A Sinervo, P Sisakyan, A Skiba, A Slaughter, AJ Sliwa, K Smith, JR Snider, FD Snihur, R Somalwar, SV Spalding, J Spezziga, M Spiegel, L Spinella, F Spiropulu, M Squillacioti, P Stadie, H Stefanini, A Stelzer, B Stelzer-Chilton, O Strologas, J Stuart, D Sukhanov, A Sumorok, K Sun, H Suzuki, T Taffard, A Tafirout, R Takach, SF Takano, H Takashima, R Takeuchi, Y Takikawa, K Tanaka, M Takaka, R Tanimoto, N Tapprogge, S Tecchio, M Teng, PK Terashi, K Tesarek, RJ Tether, S Thom, J Thompson, AS Thomson, E Tipton, P Tiwari, V Tkaczyk, S Toback, D Tollefson, K Tonelli, D Tonnesmann, M Torre, S Torretta, D Trischuk, W Tseng, J Tsuchiya, R Tsuno, S Tsybychev, D Turini, N Turner, M Ukegawa, F Unverhau, T Uozumi, S Usynin, D Vacavant, L Vaiciulis, A Varganov, A Vataga, E Vejcik, S Velev, G Veramendi, G Vickey, T Vidal, R Vila, I Vilar, R Volobouev, I von der Mey, M Wagner, RG Wagner, RL Wagner, W Wallny, R Walter, T Yamashita, T Yamamoto, K Wan, Z Wang, MJ Wang, SM Warburton, A Ward, B Waschke, S Waters, D Watts, T Weber, M Wester, WC Whitehouse, B Wicklund, AB Wicklund, E Williams, HH Wilson, P Winer, BL Wittich, P Wolbers, S Wolter, M Worcester, M Worm, S Wright, T Wu, X Wurthwein, F Wyatt, A Yagil, A Yang, UK Yao, W Yeh, GP Yi, K Yoh, J Yoon, P Yorita, K Yoshida, T Yu, I Yu, S Yu, Z Yun, JC Zanello, L Zanetti, A Zaw, I Zetti, F Zhou, J Zsenei, A Zucchelli, S CA CDF Collaboration TI Measurement of the t(t)over-bar production cross section in p(p)over-bar collisions at root s=1.96 TeV using dilepton events SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID TOP-QUARK PRODUCTION; LUMINOSITY MONITOR; COLLIDER DETECTOR; PHYSICS; SUPERSYMMETRY; FERMILAB AB We report a measurement of the t (t) over bar production cross section using dilepton events with jets and missing transverse energy in p (p) over bar collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 1.96 TeV. Using a 197+/-12 pb(-1) data sample recorded by the upgraded Collider Detector at Fermilab, we use two complementary techniques to select candidate events. We compare the number of observed events and selected kinematical distributions with the predictions of the standard model and find good agreement. The combined result of the two techniques yields a t (t) over bar production cross section of 7.0(-2.1)(+2.4)(stat)(-1.1)(+1.6)(syst)+/-0.4(lum) pb. C1 Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Bologna, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. Brandeis Univ, Waltham, MA 02254 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Cantabria, Inst Fis Cantabria, CSIC, E-39005 Santander, Spain. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Joint Inst Nucl Res, RU-141980 Dubna, Russia. Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. Univ Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Helsinki Inst Phys, Helsinki Grp, FIN-00044 Helsinki, Finland. Univ Helsinki, Div High Energy Phys, Dept Phys Sci, FIN-00044 Helsinki, Finland. Hiroshima Univ, Higashihiroshima 724, Japan. Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Univ Karlsruhe, Inst Expt Kernphys, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany. High Energy Accelerator Res Org KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Kyungpook Natl Univ, Ctr High Energy Phys, Taegu 702701, South Korea. Seoul Natl Univ, Seoul 151742, South Korea. Sungkyunkwan Univ, Suwon 440746, South Korea. Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England. UCL, London WC1E 6BT, England. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. McGill Univ, Inst Particle Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Okayama Univ, Okayama 7008530, Japan. Osaka City Univ, Osaka 588, Japan. Univ Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. Univ Padua, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova Trento, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Pisa, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56100 Pisa, Italy. Scuola Normale Super Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy. Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. Rockefeller Univ, New York, NY 10021 USA. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma 1, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. Univ Trieste, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Udine, Italy. Univ Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Tufts Univ, Medford, MA 02155 USA. Waseda Univ, Tokyo 169, Japan. Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Acosta, D (reprint author), Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RI Leonardo, Nuno/M-6940-2016; Warburton, Andreas/N-8028-2013; Kim, Soo-Bong/B-7061-2014; Lysak, Roman/H-2995-2014; Gallas Torreira, Abraham Antonio/K-6508-2014; Scodellaro, Luca/K-9091-2014; Connolly, Amy/J-3958-2013; Lazzizzera, Ignazio/E-9678-2015; Cabrera Urban, Susana/H-1376-2015; ciocci, maria agnese /I-2153-2015; Prokoshin, Fedor/E-2795-2012; Introzzi, Gianluca/K-2497-2015; Gorelov, Igor/J-9010-2015; Lancaster, Mark/C-1693-2008; Ruiz, Alberto/E-4473-2011; Annovi, Alberto/G-6028-2012; Chiarelli, Giorgio/E-8953-2012; Robson, Aidan/G-1087-2011; De Cecco, Sandro/B-1016-2012; Wolter, Marcin/A-7412-2012; St.Denis, Richard/C-8997-2012; Azzi, Patrizia/H-5404-2012; manca, giulia/I-9264-2012; Amerio, Silvia/J-4605-2012; Punzi, Giovanni/J-4947-2012; messina, andrea/C-2753-2013; Ivanov, Andrew/A-7982-2013 OI Leonardo, Nuno/0000-0002-9746-4594; Warburton, Andreas/0000-0002-2298-7315; Gallas Torreira, Abraham Antonio/0000-0002-2745-7954; Scodellaro, Luca/0000-0002-4974-8330; Lazzizzera, Ignazio/0000-0001-5092-7531; ciocci, maria agnese /0000-0003-0002-5462; Prokoshin, Fedor/0000-0001-6389-5399; Introzzi, Gianluca/0000-0002-1314-2580; Gorelov, Igor/0000-0001-5570-0133; Ruiz, Alberto/0000-0002-3639-0368; Annovi, Alberto/0000-0002-4649-4398; Chiarelli, Giorgio/0000-0001-9851-4816; Azzi, Patrizia/0000-0002-3129-828X; Punzi, Giovanni/0000-0002-8346-9052; Ivanov, Andrew/0000-0002-9270-5643 NR 21 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD OCT 1 PY 2004 VL 93 IS 14 AR 142001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.142001 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 858SL UT WOS:000224211900013 ER PT J AU Bauer, ED Thompson, JD Sarrao, JL Morales, LA Wastin, F Rebizant, J Griveau, JC Javorsky, P Boulet, P Colineau, E Lander, GH Stewart, GR AF Bauer, ED Thompson, JD Sarrao, JL Morales, LA Wastin, F Rebizant, J Griveau, JC Javorsky, P Boulet, P Colineau, E Lander, GH Stewart, GR TI Structural tuning of unconventional superconductivity in PuMGa5 (M = Co, Rh) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FERMI-SURFACE; CECOIN5; HEAT; PRESSURE; DEPENDENCE; MAGNETISM; ELECTRON; METALS AB The superconducting properties of the recently discovered PuMGa5 (M=Co,Rh) superconductors, including the power law behavior of the specific heat, the evolution of the superconducting transition T-c temperature with pressure, and the linear relation between T-c and ratio of tetragonal lattice parameters c/a, are compared to those of the heavy fermion CeMIn5 (M=Co,Rh,Ir) unconventional superconductors. The striking similarity of the properties between the two families of superconductors suggests a common physics and a common (magnetically mediated) mechanism of superconductivity. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. European Commiss, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Transuranium Elements, D-76125 Karlsruhe, Germany. Univ Florida, Dept Phys, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Bauer, ED (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Bauer, Eric/D-7212-2011; Javorsky, Pavel/C-2132-2015; BOULET, Pascal/D-6494-2011 OI BOULET, Pascal/0000-0003-0684-4397 NR 35 TC 90 Z9 90 U1 0 U2 18 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD OCT 1 PY 2004 VL 93 IS 14 AR 147005 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.147005 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 858SL UT WOS:000224211900064 PM 15524833 ER PT J AU Brena, B Nordlund, D Odelius, M Ogasawara, H Nilsson, A Pettersson, LGM AF Brena, B Nordlund, D Odelius, M Ogasawara, H Nilsson, A Pettersson, LGM TI Ultrafast molecular dissociation of water in ice SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID STIMULATED DESORPTION; SURFACE-STRUCTURE; D2O ICE; SPECTROSCOPY; EXCITATION; RADIATION; EMISSION; DYNAMICS AB Using x-ray emission and photoemission spectroscopies to measure the occupied valence levels in a thin crystalline ice film, we resolve the ionization-induced dissociation of water in ice on a femtosecond time scale. Isotope substitution confirms proton transfer during the core-hole lifetime in spite of the nonresonant excitation. Through ab initio molecular dynamics on the core-ionized state, the dissociation and spectrum evolution are followed at femtosecond intervals. The theoretical simulations confirm the experimental analysis and allow for a detailed study of the dissociative reaction path. C1 Univ Stockholm, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Brena, B (reprint author), Royal Inst Technol, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. RI Nordlund, Dennis/A-8902-2008; Nilsson, Anders/E-1943-2011; Pettersson, Lars/F-8428-2011; Pettersson, Lars/J-4925-2013; Odelius, Michael/A-7628-2014; Brena, Barbara/C-5909-2014; Ogasawara, Hirohito/D-2105-2009 OI Nordlund, Dennis/0000-0001-9524-6908; Nilsson, Anders/0000-0003-1968-8696; Pettersson, Lars/0000-0003-1133-9934; Odelius, Michael/0000-0002-7023-2486; Ogasawara, Hirohito/0000-0001-5338-1079 NR 26 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD OCT 1 PY 2004 VL 93 IS 14 AR 148302 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.148302 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 858SL UT WOS:000224211900080 PM 15524849 ER PT J AU Brunner, S Valeo, EJ AF Brunner, S Valeo, EJ TI Trapped-particle instability leading to bursting in stimulated Raman scattering simulations SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PHYSICS BASIS; IGNITION; FUSION AB Nonlinear, kinetic simulations of stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) under laser-fusion conditions present a bursting behavior. Different explanations for this regime have been given in previous studies: saturation of SRS by increased nonlinear Landau damping [K. Estabrook et al., Phys. Fluids B 1, 1282 (1989)], and detuning due to the nonlinear frequency shift of the plasma wave [H. X. Vu et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 4306 (2001)]. Another mechanism, also assigning a key role to the trapped electrons is proposed here: the breakup of the plasma wave through the trapped-particle instability. C1 Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Assoc EURATOM Confederat Suisse, Ctr Rech Phys Plasmas, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Brunner, S (reprint author), Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Assoc EURATOM Confederat Suisse, Ctr Rech Phys Plasmas, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. EM stephan.brunner@epfl.ch RI Brunner, Stephan/B-6200-2009 OI Brunner, Stephan/0000-0001-7588-7476 NR 11 TC 61 Z9 61 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD OCT 1 PY 2004 VL 93 IS 14 AR 145003 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.145003 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 858SL UT WOS:000224211900035 PM 15524804 ER PT J AU Gonzalez, JI Lee, TH Barnes, MD Antoku, Y Dickson, RM AF Gonzalez, JI Lee, TH Barnes, MD Antoku, Y Dickson, RM TI Quantum mechanical single-gold-nanocluster electroluminescent light source at room temperature SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PHOTON SOURCE; FLUORESCENCE; MOLECULE; ATOM; CAVITY; DOTS AB Electrically contacted gold-nanocluster arrays formed within electromigration-induced break junctions exhibit bright, field-dependent electroluminescence in the near infrared (650-800 nm). Intensity autocorrelation of spatially isolated individual nanocluster emission driven at high electrical frequency (f(ac)=similar to200 MHz) reveals antibunched electroluminescence at room temperature. These results demonstrate the single quantum nature of several-atom gold molecules and suggest their use as room-temperature electrically driven single-photon sources. C1 Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Biochem, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN USA. Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Adv Res Opt Microscopy, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Dickson, RM (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Biochem, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM dickson@chemistry.gatech.edu RI Lee, Tae-Hee/A-1266-2010 NR 28 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 2 U2 29 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD OCT 1 PY 2004 VL 93 IS 14 AR 147402 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.147402 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 858SL UT WOS:000224211900071 PM 15524840 ER PT J AU Hastings, MB AF Hastings, MB TI Locality in quantum and Markov dynamics on lattices and networks SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article AB We consider gapped systems governed by either quantum or Markov dynamics, with the low-lying states below the gap being approximately degenerate. For a broad class of dynamics, we prove that ground or stationary state correlation functions can be written as a piece decaying exponentially in space plus a term set by matrix elements between the low-lying states. The key to the proof is a local approximation to the negative energy, or annihilation, part of an operator in a gapped system. Applications to numerical simulation of quantum systems and to networks are discussed. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, T-13, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM hastings@cnls.lanl.gov NR 16 TC 66 Z9 67 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD OCT 1 PY 2004 VL 93 IS 14 AR 140402 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.140402 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 858SL UT WOS:000224211900002 PM 15524771 ER PT J AU Lopez, N Lodziana, Z Illas, F Salmeron, M AF Lopez, N Lodziana, Z Illas, F Salmeron, M TI When Langmuir is too simple: H-2 dissociation on Pd(111) at high coverage SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; HYDROGEN ADSORPTION; SURFACES; PALLADIUM; METALS; DYNAMICS; EXCHANGE; STICKING; SOLIDS AB Recent experiments of H-2 adsorption on Pd(111) [T. Mitsui et al., Nature (London) 422, 705 (2003)] have questioned the classical Langmuir picture of second order adsorption kinetics at high surface coverage requiring pairs of empty sites for the dissociative chemisorption. Experiments find that at least three empty sites are needed. Through density functional theory, we find that H-2 dissociation is favored on ensembles of sites that involve a Pd atom with no direct interaction with adsorbed hydrogen. Such active sites are formed by aggregation of at least 3 H-free sites revealing the complex structure of the "active sites." C1 Univ Barcelona, Dept Quim Fis, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. Univ Barcelona, Ctr Especial Recerca Quim Teor, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. Ctr Atom Scale Mat Phys, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Lopez, N (reprint author), Univ Barcelona, Dept Quim Fis, C Marti & Franques 1, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. EM n.lopez@qf.ub.es RI Illas, Francesc /C-8578-2011; Lopez, Nuria/I-5453-2012 OI Illas, Francesc /0000-0003-2104-6123; Lopez, Nuria/0000-0001-9150-5941 NR 25 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 1 U2 30 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD OCT 1 PY 2004 VL 93 IS 14 AR 146103 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.146103 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 858SL UT WOS:000224211900046 PM 15524815 ER PT J AU Predebon, I Marrelli, L White, RB Martin, P AF Predebon, I Marrelli, L White, RB Martin, P TI Particle-transport analysis in reversed field pinch helical states SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SINGLE-HELICITY; PLASMAS; RFX AB This Letter reports the result of a numerical study of particle transport in self-organized single helicity (SH) and quasi-SH reversed field pinch plasmas. Our code, benchmarked against experimental data, predicts a large improvement in particle transport for SH compared to the standard multiple helicity states. The contribution of neoclassical effects is noted. An estimate of the ambipolar electric field in helical states and in fully stochastic magnetic fields is given. C1 EURATOM, ENEA Fus, Consorzio RFX, Padua, Italy. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis, Padua, Italy. RP Predebon, I (reprint author), EURATOM, ENEA Fus, Consorzio RFX, Padua, Italy. RI Marrelli, Lionello/G-4451-2013; White, Roscoe/D-1773-2013 OI Marrelli, Lionello/0000-0001-5370-080X; White, Roscoe/0000-0002-4239-2685 NR 14 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD OCT 1 PY 2004 VL 93 IS 14 AR 145001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.145001 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 858SL UT WOS:000224211900033 PM 15524802 ER PT J AU Sinars, DB Cuneo, ME Yu, EP Bliss, DE Nash, TJ Porter, JL Deeney, C Mazarakis, MG Sarkisov, GS Wenger, DF AF Sinars, DB Cuneo, ME Yu, EP Bliss, DE Nash, TJ Porter, JL Deeney, C Mazarakis, MG Sarkisov, GS Wenger, DF TI Mass-profile and instability-growth measurements for 300-wire Z-pinch implosions driven by 14-18 MA SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ARRAY Z-PINCHES; X-RAY POWER; PLASMAS AB We present the first comprehensive study of high wire-number, wire-array Z-pinch dynamics at 14-18 MA using x-ray backlighting and optical shadowgraphy diagnostics. The cylindrical arrays retain slowly expanding, dense wire cores at the initial position up to 60% of the total implosion time. Azimuthally correlated instabilities at the array edge appear during this stage which continue to grow in amplitude and wavelength after the start of bulk motion, resulting in measurable trailing mass that does not arrive on axis before peak x-ray emission. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Sinars, DB (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM dbsinar@sandia.gov NR 15 TC 74 Z9 74 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD OCT 1 PY 2004 VL 93 IS 14 AR 145002 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.145002 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 858SL UT WOS:000224211900034 PM 15524803 ER PT J AU Voinov, A Algin, E Agvaanluvsan, U Belgya, T Chankova, R Guttormsen, M Mitchell, GE Rekstad, J Schiller, A Siem, S AF Voinov, A Algin, E Agvaanluvsan, U Belgya, T Chankova, R Guttormsen, M Mitchell, GE Rekstad, J Schiller, A Siem, S TI Large enhancement of radiative strength for soft transitions in the quasicontinuum SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LEVEL DENSITY; CASCADES; SPECTRA; NUCLEI AB Radiative strength functions (RSFs) for the Fe-56,Fe-57 nuclei below the separation energy are obtained from the Fe-57(He-3,alphagamma)Fe-56 and Fe-57(He-3,He-3'gamma)Fe-57 reactions, respectively. An enhancement of more than a factor of 10 over common theoretical models of the soft (E(gamma)less than or similar to2 MeV) RSF for transitions in the quasicontinuum (several MeV above the yrast line) is observed. Two-step cascade intensities with soft primary transitions from the Fe-56(n,2gamma)Fe-57 reaction confirm the enhancement. C1 Joint Inst Nucl Res, Frank Lab Neutron Phys, Dubna 141980, Moscow Region, Russia. Ohio Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Athens, OH 45701 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Triangle Univ Nucl Lab, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Osmangazi Univ, Dept Phys, TR-26480 Meselik, Eskisehir, Turkey. Hungarian Acad Sci, Inst Isotope & Surface Chem, Chem Res Ctr, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary. Univ Oslo, Dept Phys, N-0316 Oslo, Norway. RP Voinov, A (reprint author), Joint Inst Nucl Res, Frank Lab Neutron Phys, Dubna 141980, Moscow Region, Russia. EM voinov@ohiou.edu; schiller@nscl.msu.edu NR 24 TC 61 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD OCT 1 PY 2004 VL 93 IS 14 AR 142504 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.142504 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 858SL UT WOS:000224211900018 PM 15524787 ER PT J AU Wang, LB Mueller, P Bailey, K Drake, GWF Greene, JP Henderson, D Holt, RJ Janssens, RVF Jiang, CL Lu, ZT O'Connor, TP Pardo, RC Rehm, KE Schiffer, JP Tang, XD AF Wang, LB Mueller, P Bailey, K Drake, GWF Greene, JP Henderson, D Holt, RJ Janssens, RVF Jiang, CL Lu, ZT O'Connor, TP Pardo, RC Rehm, KE Schiffer, JP Tang, XD TI Laser spectroscopic determination of the He-6 nuclear charge radius SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HELIUM-ISOTOPES; NEUTRON; SCATTERING; ENERGY; MODEL; SHIFT; HALO AB We have performed precision laser spectroscopy on individual He-6 (t(1/2)=0.8 s) atoms confined and cooled in a magneto-optical trap, and measured the isotope shift between He-6 and He-4 to be 43 194.772+/-0.056 MHz for the 2(3)S(1)-3(3)P(2) transition. Based on this measurement and atomic theory, the nuclear charge radius of He-6 is determined for the first time in a method independent of nuclear models to be 2.054+/-0.014 fm. The result is compared with the values predicted by a number of nuclear structure calculations and tests their ability to characterize this loosely bound halo nucleus. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Univ Windsor, Dept Phys, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada. Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM lu@anl.gov; rehm@phy.anl.gov RI Mueller, Peter/E-4408-2011; Holt, Roy/E-5803-2011; Tang, Xiaodong /F-4891-2016 OI Mueller, Peter/0000-0002-8544-8191; NR 26 TC 156 Z9 159 U1 2 U2 18 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD OCT 1 PY 2004 VL 93 IS 14 AR 142501 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.142501 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 858SL UT WOS:000224211900015 PM 15524784 ER PT J AU Hahn, H AF Hahn, H. TI Impedance measurements of the Spallation Neutron Source extraction kicker system SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article AB Transverse coupling impedance measurements of the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) beam extraction system were performed and the results are here reported. The SNS beam extraction system is composed from 14 subsystems, each of which consists of a vertical kicker magnet plus a pulse forming network (PFN). Impedance bench measurements were performed on one large and one small aperture magnet, stand-alone as well as assembled with the first-article production PFN. The impedance measuring methods to cover the interesting frequency range from below 1 to 100 MHz are described in considerable detail. The upper frequency range is properly covered by the conventional twin-wire method but it had to be supplemented at the low-frequency end by a direct input impedance measurement at the magnet busbar. Required modifications of the PFN to maintain the impedance budget are discussed. The total impedance estimate was finally obtained by quadratic scaling with vertical aperture from the two tested kicker subsystems. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Hahn, H (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. FU SNS project; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX This paper has greatly benefited from the results of previous work performed together with D. Davino. The measurements presented here were done with the help of K. Hartmann and D. Warburton. The author would also like to thank C-I. Pai for mechanical engineering help and the members of the Collider-Accelerator Pulsed Power Group, J-L. Mi, J. Sandberg, and W. Zhang for general support. This work was supported by the SNS project. SNS is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725 for the U.S. Department of Energy. SNS is a partnership of six national laboratories: Argonne, Brookhaven, Jefferson, Lawrence Berkeley, Los Alamos, and Oak Ridge. NR 14 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD OCT PY 2004 VL 7 IS 10 AR 103501 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.7.103501 PG 17 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA V25ZF UT WOS:000208515200001 ER PT J AU Ohmi, K Tawada, M Cai, Y Kamada, S Oide, K Qiang, J AF Ohmi, K Tawada, M Cai, Y Kamada, S Oide, K Qiang, J TI Luminosity limit due to the beam-beam interactions with or without crossing angle SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article ID SIMULATION AB In recent high luminosity colliders, the finite crossing angle scheme becomes popular to gain the luminosity with multibunch or long bunch operation. Success of the KEKB factory showed that the finite crossing angle scheme has no problem achieving beam-beam parameters up to 0.05. We have studied the beam-beam interactions with and without crossing angle toward higher luminosity. We discuss how the crossing angle affects the beam-beam parameter and luminosity in the present KEKB using computer simulations. The simulations showed that crab cavities, which realize the head-on collision effectively, can be expected to double the luminosity. C1 KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Ohmi, K (reprint author), KEK, 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. NR 28 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD OCT PY 2004 VL 7 IS 10 AR 104401 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.7.104401 PG 11 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 863UD UT WOS:000224587800006 ER PT J AU Qin, H Davidson, RC Barnard, JJ Lee, EP AF Qin, H Davidson, RC Barnard, JJ Lee, EP TI Drift compression and final focus for intense heavy ion beams with nonperiodic, time-dependent lattice SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article ID FUSION AB In the currently envisioned configurations for heavy ion fusion, it is necessary to longitudinally compress the beam bunches by a large factor after the acceleration phase. Because the space-charge force increases as the beam is compressed, the beam size in the transverse direction will increase in a periodic quadrupole lattice. If an active control of the beam size is desired, a larger focusing force is needed to confine the beam in the transverse direction, and a nonperiodic quadrupole lattice along the beam path is necessary. In this paper, we describe the design of such a focusing lattice using the transverse envelope equations. A drift compression and final focus lattice should focus the entire beam pulse onto the same focal spot on the target. This is difficult with a fixed lattice, because different slices of the beam may have different perveance and emittance. Four time-dependent magnets are introduced in the upstream of drift compression to focus the entire pulse onto the same focal spot. Drift compression and final focusing schemes are developed for a typical heavy ion fusion driver and for the integrated beam experiment being designed by the Heavy Ion Fusion Virtual National Laboratory. C1 Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Qin, H (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 15 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD OCT PY 2004 VL 7 IS 10 AR 104201 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.7.104201 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 863UD UT WOS:000224587800005 ER PT J AU Sideris, I Bohn, CL AF Sideris, IoannisV. Bohn, Courtlandt L. TI Production of enhanced beam halos via collective modes and colored noise SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article ID CHARGED-PARTICLE BEAMS; EQUILIBRIUM; DYNAMICS AB We investigate how collective modes and colored noise conspire to produce a beam halo with much larger amplitude than could be generated by either phenomenon separately. The collective modes are lowest-order radial eigenmodes calculated self-consistently for a configuration corresponding to a direct-current, cylindrically symmetric, warm-fluid Kapchinskij-Vladimirskij equilibrium. The colored noise arises from unavoidable machine errors and influences the internal space-charge force. Its presence quickly launches statistically rare particles to ever-growing amplitudes by continually kicking them back into phase with the collective-mode oscillations. The halo amplitude is essentially the same for purely radial orbits as for orbits that are initially purely azimuthal; orbital angular momentum has no statistically significant impact. Factors that do have an impact include the amplitudes of the collective modes and the strength and autocorrelation time of the colored noise. The underlying dynamics ensues because the noise breaks the Kolmogorov-Arnol'd-Moser tori that otherwise would confine the beam. These tori are fragile; even very weak noise will eventually break them, though the time scale for their disintegration depends on the noise strength. Both collective modes and noise are therefore centrally important to the dynamics of halo formation in real beams. C1 [Sideris, IoannisV.; Bohn, Courtlandt L.] No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. [Bohn, Courtlandt L.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Sideris, I (reprint author), No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. FU Department of Education [P116Z010035]; Department of Energy [DE-FG02-04ER41323] FX This work was supported by the Department of Education under Grant No. P116Z010035 and by the Department of Energy under Grant No. DE-FG02-04ER41323. NR 22 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD OCT PY 2004 VL 7 IS 10 AR 104202 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.7.104202 PG 13 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA V25ZG UT WOS:000208515300001 ER PT J AU Stoltz, PH Veitzer, S Cohen, R Molvik, AW Vay, JL AF Stoltz, PH Veitzer, S Cohen, R Molvik, AW Vay, JL TI Simulation of heavy ion induced electron yield at grazing incidence SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article ID STOPPING-POWER; EMISSION; SOLIDS AB We compare simulations to experiments measuring electron yield from heavy ions striking metal surfaces, in particular at grazing incidence, for 1.0 MeV potassium and 182.0 MeV gold ions striking stainless steel as measured in two recent experiments. We find the electron yield is proportional to within 3% for the potassium experiments and 13% for the gold experiments to the simulated energy deposited by the ions in a thin (approximate to 20 Angstrom) layer at the target surface. We discuss how nonequilibrium stopping and ion wake fields may account for the larger disagreement with the gold experiments. An analytic estimate based on specular reflection predicts the peak in simulated and measured electron yield as a function of angle to within a few percent. C1 Tech X Corp, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Stoltz, PH (reprint author), Tech X Corp, 5621 Arapahoe Rd,Suite A, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. EM pstoltz@txcorp.com NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD OCT PY 2004 VL 7 IS 10 AR 103201 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.7.103201 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 863UD UT WOS:000224587800003 ER PT J AU Ter-Akopian, GM Daniel, AV Fomichev, AS Popeko, GS Rodin, AM Oganessian, YT Hamilton, JH Ramayya, AV Kormicki, J Hwang, JK Fong, D Gore, P Cole, JD Jandel, A Kliman, J Krupa, L Rasmussen, JO Lee, IY Macchiavelli, AO Fallon, P Stoyer, AA Donangelo, R Wu, SC Greiner, W AF Ter-Akopian, GM Daniel, AV Fomichev, AS Popeko, GS Rodin, AM Oganessian, YT Hamilton, JH Ramayya, AV Kormicki, J Hwang, JK Fong, D Gore, P Cole, JD Jandel, A Kliman, J Krupa, L Rasmussen, JO Lee, IY Macchiavelli, AO Fallon, P Stoyer, AA Donangelo, R Wu, SC Greiner, W TI New data on the ternary fission of Cf-252 from the gammasphere facility SO PHYSICS OF ATOMIC NUCLEI LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Nuclear Structure and Related Topics CY SEP 02-06, 2003 CL Dubna, RUSSIA SP Bogolyubov Lab Theoret Phys, Joint Inst Nucl Res ID EMISSION AB Ternary fission of Cf-252 was studied at Gammasphere using eight DeltaE x E particle telescopes. Helium, beryllium, boron, and carbon light charged particles (LCPs) emitted with kinetic energy more than 9, 21, 26, and 32 MeV, respectively, were identified. The 3368-keV gamma transition from the first 2(+) excited state in Be-10 was found and the population probability ratio N(2(+))/N(0(+)) = 0.160 +/- 0.025 was estimated. No evidence was found for 3368-keV gamma rays emitted from a triple molecular state. For the first time, charge distributions are obtained for ternary fission fragments emitted with helium, beryllium, and carbon LCPs. (C) 2004 MAIK "Nauka/Interperiodica". C1 Joint Inst Nucl Res Dubna, Flerov Lab Nucl React, Moscow, Russia. Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID USA. Slovak Acad Sci, Dept Nucl Phys, Bratislava, Slovakia. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Inst Fis, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Natl Tsing Hua Univ, Hsinchu, Taiwan. Univ Frankfurt, Inst Theoret Phys, D-6000 Frankfurt, Germany. RP Ter-Akopian, GM (reprint author), Joint Inst Nucl Res Dubna, Flerov Lab Nucl React, Moscow, Russia. EM Gurgen.TerAkopian@jinr.ru NR 22 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 5 PU MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA PUBL PI MELVILLE PA C/O AMERICAN INST PHYSICS, 2 HUNTINGTON QUANDRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1063-7788 J9 PHYS ATOM NUCL+ JI Phys. Atom. Nuclei PD OCT PY 2004 VL 67 IS 10 BP 1860 EP 1865 DI 10.1134/1.1811191 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 865WQ UT WOS:000224735300016 ER PT J AU Voinov, AV Schiller, A Algin, E Bernstein, LA Garrett, PE Guttormsen, M Nelson, RO Rekstad, J Siem, S AF Voinov, AV Schiller, A Algin, E Bernstein, LA Garrett, PE Guttormsen, M Nelson, RO Rekstad, J Siem, S TI Nature of the pygmy resonance in continuous gamma spectra SO PHYSICS OF ATOMIC NUCLEI LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Nuclear Structure and Related Topics CY SEP 02-06, 2003 CL Dubna, RUSSIA SP Bogolyubov Lab Theoret Phys, Joint Inst Nucl Res ID STRENGTH FUNCTION; NEUTRON-CAPTURE; LEVEL DENSITY; NUCLEI; YB-172; SPECTROSCOPY; TRANSITIONS; WIDTHS AB Two-step-cascade spectra of the Yb-171(n, gammagamma)Yb-172 reaction have been measured using thermal neutrons. They are compared to calculations based on experimental values of the level density and radiative strength function obtained from the Yb-173(He-3, alphagamma)Yb-172 reaction. The multipolarity of a 6.5(15) mu(N)(2) resonance at 3.3(1) MeV in the strength function is determined to be M1 by this comparison. (C) 2004 MAIK "Nauka/Interperiodica". C1 Joint Inst Nucl Res, Frank Lab Neutron Phys, Moscow 141980, Russia. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Osmangazi Univ, Dept Phys, Meselik, Turkey. Univ Oslo, Dept Phys, Oslo, Norway. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Voinov, AV (reprint author), Joint Inst Nucl Res, Frank Lab Neutron Phys, Moscow 141980, Russia. EM voinov@nf.jinr.ru NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 3 PU MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA PUBL PI MELVILLE PA C/O AMERICAN INST PHYSICS, 2 HUNTINGTON QUANDRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1063-7788 J9 PHYS ATOM NUCL+ JI Phys. Atom. Nuclei PD OCT PY 2004 VL 67 IS 10 BP 1866 EP 1872 DI 10.1134/1.1811192 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 865WQ UT WOS:000224735300017 ER PT J AU Burkert, V Boluchevskii, AA Mokeev, VI Ripani, M Anghinolfi, M Battaglieri, B Golovach, EN De Vita, R Elouadrhiri, L Ishkhanov, BS Osipenko, MV Ricco, G Taiuti, M Fedotov, GV Isupov, EL Markov, NS Shvedunov, NV AF Burkert, V Boluchevskii, AA Mokeev, VI Ripani, M Anghinolfi, M Battaglieri, B Golovach, EN De Vita, R Elouadrhiri, L Ishkhanov, BS Osipenko, MV Ricco, G Taiuti, M Fedotov, GV Isupov, EL Markov, NS Shvedunov, NV TI New possibilities for studying nucleon resonances in the production of pi+pi(-) pairs by polarized electrons on an unpolarized proton SO PHYSICS OF ATOMIC NUCLEI LA English DT Article ID ENERGY REGION; PHOTONS AB The difference of the cross sections for double charged-pion production in the scattering of opposite-helicity electrons on an unpolarized proton is evaluated within the phenomenological model developed previously. The electromagnetic nucleon-resonance form factors and the parameters of nonresonance processes were taken from a fit to the latest data of the CLAS Collaboration on double charged-pion electroproduction. The effect of the longitudinal excitations of the P-11 (1440) and D-13 (1520) states on the difference of the helicity components of the cross section is studied. The sensitivity of this observable to the nucleon-resonance contribution opens the possibility of employing it both in extracting the Coulomb form factors and in seeking new baryon states. Signals from one of these states were possibly observed in the latest data of the CLAS Collaboration. (C) 2004 MAIK "Nauka/Interperiodica". C1 Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Inst Nucl Phys, Moscow 119899, Russia. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Genova, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Dept Phys, Moscow 119899, Russia. Univ Genoa, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. RP Burkert, V (reprint author), Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RI Isupov, Evgeny/J-2976-2012; Ishkhanov, Boris/E-1431-2012; Osipenko, Mikhail/N-8292-2015 OI Osipenko, Mikhail/0000-0001-9618-3013 NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA PUBL PI MELVILLE PA C/O AMERICAN INST PHYSICS, 2 HUNTINGTON QUANDRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1063-7788 J9 PHYS ATOM NUCL+ JI Phys. Atom. Nuclei PD OCT PY 2004 VL 67 IS 10 BP 1918 EP 1922 DI 10.1134/1.1811198 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 865WQ UT WOS:000224735300023 ER PT J AU Sarkisov, GS Struve, KW McDaniel, DH AF Sarkisov, GS Struve, KW McDaniel, DH TI Effect of current rate on energy deposition into exploding metal wires in vacuum SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID ARRAY Z-PINCHES; PLASMA FORMATION; EXPLOSION AB This paper presents direct experimental proof of a significant increase of energy deposition into a metal core before voltage breakdown with the current rate for nanosecond exploding wires in a vacuum. This effect is demonstrated for nine different refractory and nonrefractory metals. The strongest influence of current rate was demonstrated for tungsten wires. Increasing the current rate from 20 to 150 A/ns changes the wire core from a solid to a cluster-like state. For nonrefractory metals such as Ag, Al, Cu, and Au, fast explosion allows deposition inside a metal core 1.5-2.9 times the atomization enthalpy before voltage breakdown. The slow explosion, with 20 A/ns, gives 2-3 times less energy deposition before voltage breakdown than the fast-explosion mode. The current-rate effect is important for optimization of wire ablation, reduction of the mass left behind in the wire-array load, and final x-ray yield in modern multi-MA wire-array Z-pinch facilities. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Ktech Corp Inc, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Sarkisov, GS (reprint author), Ktech Corp Inc, 1300 Eubank, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. NR 15 TC 51 Z9 55 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD OCT PY 2004 VL 11 IS 10 BP 4573 EP 4581 DI 10.1063/1.1784452 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 861ZI UT WOS:000224456900009 ER PT J AU Strobel, GL Haan, SW Munro, DH Dittrich, TR Marinak, MM Suter, LJ Lindl, JD Herrmann, MC AF Strobel, GL Haan, SW Munro, DH Dittrich, TR Marinak, MM Suter, LJ Lindl, JD Herrmann, MC TI Yield and hydrodynamic instability versus absorbed energy for a uniformly doped beryllium 250 eV ignition capsule SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID RAYLEIGH-TAYLOR INSTABILITY; PUSHER-FUEL MIX; INDIRECTLY DRIVEN; FACILITY; DESIGN; IMPLOSIONS; TARGETS; DIAGNOSIS AB A copper doped beryllium ablator capsule design is geometrically scaled from 190 kJ to 600 kJ absorbed energy for use as an ignition capsule driven at 250 eV on the National Ignition Facility [J. A. Paisner, J. D. Boyes, S. A. Kumpan, W. H. Lowdermilk, and M. S. Sorem, Laser Focus World 30, 75 (1994)]. The capsule design was previously optimized for 190 kJ fixed capsule absorbed energy. The optimization is confirmed at 377 kJ. Two-dimensional simulations are reported that determine surface roughness requirements and tolerance to radiative drive asymmetry over this absorbed energy range. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Strobel, GL (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Phys, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM gstrobel@hal.physast.uga.edu NR 28 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD OCT PY 2004 VL 11 IS 10 BP 4695 EP 4700 DI 10.1063/1.1792615 PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 861ZI UT WOS:000224456900023 ER PT J AU Taylor, G Efthimion, PC Kessel, CE Harvey, RW Smirnov, AP Ershov, NM Carter, MD Forest, CB AF Taylor, G Efthimion, PC Kessel, CE Harvey, RW Smirnov, AP Ershov, NM Carter, MD Forest, CB TI Efficient generation of noninductive, off-axis, Ohkawa current, driven by electron Bernstein waves in high beta, spherical torus plasmas SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID CYCLOTRON CURRENT DRIVE; DIII-D; BOOTSTRAP CURRENT; TRANSPORT; TOKAMAK; MODEL AB Off-axis rf-driven current can play a critical role in sustaining high beta, spherical torus (ST) plasmas without a central solenoid. Numerical modeling of electron Bernstein wave current drive (EBWCD) for a betasimilar to40% ST plasma predicts efficient, off-axis, Ohkawa EBWCD. Current can be efficiently driven at r/a>0.5 where the large trapped electron fraction precludes conventional Fisch-Boozer current drive and provides favorable conditions for Ohkawa EBWCD. Calculated normalized current drive efficiency increases with r/a and is a factor of 2 higher at r/a=0.7 than has been obtained with electron cyclotron current drive near the axis of large aspect ratio tokamaks. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. CompX, Del Mar, CA 92014 USA. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Moscow, Russia. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Taylor, G (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RI Ershov, Nikolay/E-4162-2013; Smirnov, Alexander /A-4886-2014 NR 31 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD OCT PY 2004 VL 11 IS 10 BP 4733 EP 4739 DI 10.1063/1.1792635 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 861ZI UT WOS:000224456900029 ER PT J AU Ryutov, DD Cohen, RH Pearlstein, LD AF Ryutov, DD Cohen, RH Pearlstein, LD TI Stability of a finite-length screw pinch revisited SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID FREE CYLINDRICAL EQUILIBRIA; SOLAR CORONAL LOOPS; KINK INSTABILITY; IDEAL MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS; HYDROMAGNETIC STABILITY; PLASMA AB The ideal magnetohydrodynamic stability of a cylindrical screw pinch (i.e., a current-carrying plasma column embedded into an external axial magnetic field) has been considered in the past in great detail. However, the majority of these studies pertain, in fact, to an infinitely long pinch, where the axial eigenmodes can be represented as exp(ikz). The finite length is then accounted for by assigning a specific value to k, k=2pi/L, with L being the distance between the electrodes; in this way, one recovers the familiar Kruskal-Shafranov (KS) stability condition. In the present paper it is emphasized that the solution of the exp(ikz) type cannot satisfy the boundary conditions at the conducting end plates. Previous papers on this subject are reviewed. An effective technique that allows one to analytically obtain stability criteria in the long-thin approximation is developed. Even in this ("long-thin") case substantial deviations from the KS condition are found. In the general case, a convenient representation is obtained for the Green's functions that express perturbations both inside and outside the plasma in terms of the radial displacement of the plasma boundary. These expressions are then used in combination with the energy principle to evaluate corrections to the long-thin approximation. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Ryutov, DD (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 25 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD OCT PY 2004 VL 11 IS 10 BP 4740 EP 4752 DI 10.1063/1.1781624 PG 13 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 861ZI UT WOS:000224456900030 ER PT J AU Nishimura, K Liang, E AF Nishimura, K Liang, E TI Parameter study of the diamagnetic relativistic pulse accelerator in slab geometry. I. Dependence on initial frequency ratio and slab width SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID GAUSS LAW; INSTABILITY; CODES AB Two-and-a-half-dimensional particle-in-cell plasma simulations are used to study the particle energization in expanding magnetized electron-positron plasmas with slab geometry. When the magnetized relativistic plasma with high temperature (electron and positron temperature are k(B)T(e)=k(B)T(p)=5 MeV) is expanding into a vacuum, the electromagnetic (EM) pulse with large amplitude is formed and the surface plasma particles are efficiently accelerated in the forward direction owing to the energy conversion from the EM field to the plasma particles. The behavior of the diamagnetic relativistic pulse accelerator depends strongly on the ratio of the electron plasma frequency to the cyclotron frequency omega(pe)/Omega(e) and the initial plasma thickness. In the high omega(pe)/Omega(e) case, the EM pulse is rapidly damped and the plasma diffuses uniformly without forming density peaks because the initial thermal energy of the plasma is much larger than the field energy. On the contrary, in the low omega(pe)/Omega(e) case, the field energy becomes large enough to energize all the plasma particles, which are confined in the EM pulse and efficiently accelerated to ultrarelativistic energies. It is also found that a thicker initial plasma increases the maximum energy of the accelerated particles. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77005 USA. RP Nishimura, K (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 13 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD OCT PY 2004 VL 11 IS 10 BP 4753 EP 4760 DI 10.1063/1.1791211 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 861ZI UT WOS:000224456900031 ER PT J AU Cheng, CZ Gorelenkov, NN AF Cheng, CZ Gorelenkov, NN TI Trapped electron stabilization of ballooning modes in low aspect ratio toroidal plasmas SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID ALFVEN EIGENMODES; STABILITY; TOKAMAKS; FREQUENCY; PRESSURE; EQUATION; REGIME; SHEAR; EDGE AB The kinetic effects of trapped electron dynamics and finite gyroradii and magnetic drift motion of ions are shown to give rise to a large parallel electric field and hence a parallel current that greatly enhances the stabilizing effect of field line tension for ballooning modes in low aspect ratio toroidal plasmas. For large aspect ratio the stabilizing effect increases (reduces) the beta(=2P/B-2) threshold for the first (second) stability of the kinetic ballooning mode (KBM) from the magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) beta threshold value by a factor proportional to the trapped electron density fraction. For small aspect ratio the stabilizing effect can greatly increase the beta threshold of the first stability of KBMs from the MHD beta threshold by S(c)similar or equal to1+(n(e)/n(eu))delta, where n(e)/n(eu) is the ratio of the total electron density to the untrapped electron density, and delta depends on the trapped electron dynamics and finite gyroradii and magnetic drift motion of ions. If n(e)/n(eu)much greater than1 as in the National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX) [M. Ono, Nucl. Fusion 40, 557 (2000)] with an aspect ratio of similar or equal to1.4, the KBM should be stable for betaless than or equal to1 for finite magnetic shear. Therefore, unstable KBMs are expected only in the weak shear region near the radial location of the minimum of the safety factor in NSTX reverse shear discharges. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Cheng, CZ (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RI Cheng, Chio/K-1005-2014 NR 24 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD OCT PY 2004 VL 11 IS 10 BP 4784 EP 4795 DI 10.1063/1.1783313 PG 12 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 861ZI UT WOS:000224456900035 ER PT J AU Nash, TJ Deeney, C Chandler, GA Sinars, DB Cuneo, ME Waisman, EM Stygar, WA Wenger, D Speas, S Leeper, RJ Seaman, JF McGurn, J Torres, J Jobe, D Gilliland, T Nielsen, D Hawn, R Seaman, H Keller, K Moore, T Wagoner, TC LePell, PD Lucas, J Schroen, D Russell, C Kernaghan, M AF Nash, TJ Deeney, C Chandler, GA Sinars, DB Cuneo, ME Waisman, EM Stygar, WA Wenger, D Speas, S Leeper, RJ Seaman, JF McGurn, J Torres, J Jobe, D Gilliland, T Nielsen, D Hawn, R Seaman, H Keller, K Moore, T Wagoner, TC LePell, PD Lucas, J Schroen, D Russell, C Kernaghan, M TI Comparison of a copper foil to a copper wire-array Z pinch at 18 MA SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID RAYLEIGH-TAYLOR INSTABILITY; IMPLOSIONS; DYNAMICS; POWER AB Results from the first solid foil implosion on the 18-MA Z accelerator are reported. The foil implosion is compared to a 300-wire-array implosion with the same material and the same diameter, height, and total mass. Though both the foil and the array produced comparable x-ray yields, the array's radiation burst was twice as powerful and half as long as the foil's. These data along with x-ray backlighting images and inductance measurements suggest that the foil implosion was more unstable than the wire-array implosion. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Nash, TJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, MS-1196,Dept 1677-1515 Eubane,SE POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 22 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD OCT PY 2004 VL 11 IS 10 BP L65 EP L68 DI 10.1063/1.1796352 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 861ZI UT WOS:000224456900003 ER PT J AU Gor'kov, LP Kresin, VZ AF Gor'kov, LP Kresin, VZ TI Mixed-valence manganites: fundamentals and main properties SO PHYSICS REPORTS-REVIEW SECTION OF PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Review DE manganites; percolation; doping phases ID METAL-INSULATOR-TRANSITION; DOUBLE-EXCHANGE FERROMAGNET; LOCAL LATTICE-DISTORTIONS; PHASE-SEPARATION; COLOSSAL MAGNETORESISTANCE; DOPED MANGANITES; MAGNETIC-FIELD; GIANT MAGNETORESISTANCE; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; LOW-TEMPERATURES AB The study of manganites has been undergoing intensive development, especially following the discovery of colossal magnetoresistance (CMR). The most fundamental property of these materials is a strong correlation between their transport and magnetic properties. A transition to the ferromagnetic (and metallic) state occurs at a finite doping level and represents a special type of transition which should be described in terms of percolation theory. The same applies for the transition at the Curie temperature. As a result of the percolation theory approach, the view of these materials, both above and below the transition point, is that of inhomogeneous media consisting of tiny islands of interweaving sub-phases. These basic ideas have been now verified experimentally by neutron data, X-ray analysis, Mossbauer spectroscopy, heat capacity and magnetization measurements, etc. The phase diagram as a function of doping displays a peculiar electron-hole asymmetry; this asymmetry as well as other features (e.g., the optical properties) can be explained in the framework of a generalized two-band picture. We trace how the ground state evolves with doping and give a self-consistent analysis of various thermodynamic, optical and transport properties of metallic manganites, isotope effect, etc. It is predicted that giant oscillations in the Josephson current of a S-AFM-S junction will occur as a function of weak external magnetic fields. The contact phenomena are also described. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. Russian Acad Sci, LD Landau Theoret Phys Inst, Moscow 117334, Russia. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM vzkresin@lbl.gov NR 141 TC 97 Z9 100 U1 6 U2 28 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-1573 EI 1873-6270 J9 PHYS REP JI Phys. Rep.-Rev. Sec. Phys. Lett. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 400 IS 3 BP 149 EP 208 DI 10.1016/j.physrep.2004.08.003 PG 60 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 865TK UT WOS:000224725600001 ER PT J AU Tranquada, J Strongin, M Johnson, P Kivelson, S AF Tranquada, J Strongin, M Johnson, P Kivelson, S TI Victor John Emery SO PHYSICS TODAY LA English DT Biographical-Item C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Tranquada, J (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0031-9228 J9 PHYS TODAY JI Phys. Today PD OCT PY 2004 VL 57 IS 10 BP 92 EP 93 DI 10.1063/1.1825280 PG 2 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 858GZ UT WOS:000224181600023 ER PT J AU Kim, J Choe, W Ono, M AF Kim, J Choe, W Ono, M TI Time-dependent optimization of initiation phase of the outer PF coil-only inductive start-up of NSTX plasmas SO PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION LA English DT Article ID SPHERICAL TOKAMAK; ITER AB Dynamic modelling of the inductive plasma start-up utilizing only the outer poloidal field (PF) coils without using an in-board Ohmic solenoid was performed for the National Spherical Torus eXperiment (NSTX) based on the static calculation result. A time-dependent calculation using the two-dimensional axisymmetric dynamic code and the plasma evolution code enabled us to find the appropriate waveform of the NSTX PF coils that satisfied various start-up conditions, such as the formation and sustainment of field null, a significant amount of magnetic flux for further plasma current ramp-up, sufficient size of the E-t (.) B-t/B-perpendicular to = 0.1 kV m(-1) contour for successful breakdown, force balance condition, etc. Among many sets of solutions possibly satisfying the aforementioned conditions, the result introduced in this report also meets the requirement imposed by the power supply system. With the obtained current waveform of the PF coils, it is shown that the hexapole quality field null can be sustained for at least 6 ms with a reasonably large size. The available induction flux at the expected starting time of the breakdown period is as large as 0.15 Wb, with which the plasma current can ramp up to a few hundred kiloamperes, based on experience from the conventional in-board Ohmic solenoid start-up on NSTX. The size of the E-t (.) B-t/B-perpendicular to = 0.1 kV m(-1) contour, in which successful breakdown occurred in the presence of strong pre-ionization on DIII-D, is as large as more than 30 cm, and sustains for several milliseconds. An analysis for the force balance and the field index shows that the plasma produced can be stable for radial as well as vertical perturbations during the initial start-up phase. C1 Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, Taejon 305701, South Korea. Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Kim, J (reprint author), Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, 373-1 Guseong Dong, Taejon 305701, South Korea. EM wchoe@kaist.ac.kr RI Choe, Wonho/C-1556-2011 NR 23 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0741-3335 J9 PLASMA PHYS CONTR F JI Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion PD OCT PY 2004 VL 46 IS 10 BP 1647 EP 1657 AR PII S0741-3335(04)82364-9 DI 10.1088/0741-3335/46/10/008 PG 11 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 866YL UT WOS:000224809200009 ER PT J AU Eisen, MB Brown, PO Varmus, HE AF Eisen, MB Brown, PO Varmus, HE TI PLoS medicine - A medical journal for the Internet age SO PLOS MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Howard Hughes Med Inst, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, New York, NY 10021 USA. RP Eisen, MB (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. OI Eisen, Michael/0000-0002-7528-738X NR 6 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1549-1277 J9 PLOS MED JI PLos Med. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 1 IS 1 BP 2 EP 3 AR e31 DI 10.1371/journal.pmed.0010031 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 902LF UT WOS:000227357900002 ER PT J AU Fuller, J Shadle, L Mei, J AF Fuller, J Shadle, L Mei, J TI Coal combustion concerns SO POWER LA English DT Editorial Material C1 W Virginia Univ, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Washington, DC 20585 USA. RP Fuller, J (reprint author), W Virginia Univ, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. EM jfuller@wvu.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MCGRAW HILL INC PI NEW YORK PA 1221 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10020 USA SN 0032-5929 J9 POWER JI Power PD OCT PY 2004 VL 148 IS 8 BP 20 EP + PG 4 WC Energy & Fuels SC Energy & Fuels GA 864XA UT WOS:000224665100018 ER PT J AU Nie, JS Ellingwood, BR AF Nie, JS Ellingwood, BR TI A new directional simulation method for system reliability. Part I: application of deterministic point sets SO PROBABILISTIC ENGINEERING MECHANICS LA English DT Article DE computational mechanics; directional simulation; probability; reliability; statistics; structural engineering ID PROBABILITY INTEGRATION; STRUCTURAL RELIABILITY AB To assess structural system reliability accurately, simulation is often the only feasible method because of dimensionality, highly nonlinear limit states, small failure probability and other factors. However, simulations can be computationally inefficient when the reliability assessment involves finite element analysis and the cost of structural analysis is large. Efficient directional simulation, as well as other simulation techniques, often can be improved in terms of accuracy and efficiency if the sample points are identified by deterministic point sets rather than generated randomly. This article introduces and investigates various deterministic point sets theoretically and experimentally in conjunction with directional simulation, and identifies one particular point set (Fekete point set) as being especially useful in this regard. New test measures are proposed to evaluate the quality and uniformity of point sets, which are essential in preserving the underlying probability distribution. A companion paper presents a point set refinement scheme using neural networks, which is a technique parallel to importance sampling. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Energy Sci & Technol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Ellingwood, BR (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM bruce.ellingwood@ce.gatech.edu NR 22 TC 12 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0266-8920 J9 PROBABILIST ENG MECH JI Probab. Eng. Eng. Mech. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 19 IS 4 BP 425 EP 436 DI 10.1016/j.probengmech.2004.03.004 PG 12 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics; Statistics & Probability SC Engineering; Mechanics; Mathematics GA 862NM UT WOS:000224497700013 ER PT J AU Nie, JS Ellingwood, BR AF Nie, JS Ellingwood, BR TI A new directional simulation method for system reliability. Part II: application of neural networks SO PROBABILISTIC ENGINEERING MECHANICS LA English DT Article DE computational mechanics; directional importance sampling; neural networks; probability; reliability; statistics ID RESPONSE-SURFACE METHOD; STRUCTURAL RELIABILITY AB A challenge in directional importance sampling is in identifying the location and the shape of the importance sampling density function when a realistic limit state for a structural system is considered in a finite element-supported reliability analysis. Deterministic point refinement schemes, previously studied in place of directional importance sampling, can be improved by prior knowledge of the limit state. This paper introduces two types of neural networks that identify the location and shape of the limit state quickly and thus facilitate directional simulation-based reliability assessment using the deterministic Fekete point sets introduced in the companion paper. A set of limit states composed of linear functions are used to test the efficiency and possible directional preference of the networks. These networks are shown in the tests and examples to reduce the simulation effort in finite element-based reliability assessment. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Energy Sci & Technol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Ellingwood, BR (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Energy Sci & Technol, Bldg 130, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM bruce.ellingwood@ce.gatech.edu NR 17 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0266-8920 J9 PROBABILIST ENG MECH JI Probab. Eng. Eng. Mech. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 19 IS 4 BP 437 EP 447 DI 10.1016/j.probengmech.2004.03.005 PG 11 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics; Statistics & Probability SC Engineering; Mechanics; Mathematics GA 862NM UT WOS:000224497700014 ER PT J AU Kleiner, R Koelle, D Ludwig, F Clarke, J AF Kleiner, R Koelle, D Ludwig, F Clarke, J TI Superconducting quantum interference devices: State of the art and application's SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE LA English DT Article DE flux transformer; gradiometer; Josephson junction; magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); magnetoencephalography (MEG); magnetometer; nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR); superconducting; quantum interference device (SQUID) ID MICROTESLA MAGNETIC-FIELDS; LARGE THERMAL FLUCTUATIONS; LOW-FREQUENCY NOISE; DC-SQUID; RADIOFREQUENCY-AMPLIFIER; RF-SQUIDS; MRI SYSTEM; 1/F NOISE; MAGNETOMETER; YBA2CU3O7-X AB Superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs) are sensitive detectors of magnetic flux. A SQUID consists of a superconducting loop interrupted by either one or two Josephson junctions for the RF or dc SQUID, respectively. Low transition temperature (T,) SQUIDs are fabricated from thin films of niobium. Immersed in liquid helium at 4.2 K, their flux noise is typically 10(-6) Phi(0) Hz(-1/2), where Phi(0) drop h/2e is the flux quantum. High-T-c SQUIDs are fabricated from thin films of YBa2Cu3O7-x, and are generally operated in liquid nitrogen at 77 K. Inductively coupled to an appropriate input circuit, SQUIDs measure a variety of physical quantities, including magnetic field, magnetic field gradient, voltage, and magnetic susceptibility. Systems are available for,detecting magnetic signals from the brain, measuring the magnetic susceptibility of materials and geophysical core samples, magnetocardiography and nondestructive evaluation. SQUID "microscopes" detect magnetic nanoparticles attached to pathogens in an immunoassay technique and locate faults in semiconductor packages. A SQUID amplifier with an integrated resonant microstrip is within a factor of two of the quantum limit at 0.5 GHz and will be used in a search for axions. High-resolution magnetic resonance images are obtained at frequencies of a few kilohertz with a SQUID-based detector. C1 Univ Tubingen, Inst Elekt Messtech & Grundlagen Elektrotech, D-72076 Tubingen, Germany. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Tubingen, Inst Elekt Messtech & Grundlagen Elektrotech, Morgenstelle 1, D-72076 Tubingen, Germany. EM kleiner@uni-tuebingen.de; koelle@uni-tuebingen.de; f.ludwig@tu-bs.de; jclarke@physics.berkeley.edu RI Koelle, Dieter/E-5111-2011 NR 91 TC 67 Z9 68 U1 2 U2 44 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9219 EI 1558-2256 J9 P IEEE JI Proc. IEEE PD OCT PY 2004 VL 92 IS 10 BP 1534 EP 1548 DI 10.1109/JPROC.2004.833655 PG 15 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 854PY UT WOS:000223917000003 ER PT J AU Scanlan, RM Malozemoff, AP Larbalestier, DC AF Scanlan, RM Malozemoff, AP Larbalestier, DC TI Superconducting materials for large scale applications SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE LA English DT Review DE Bi2Sr2CaCu2Os; (Bi,Pb)(2)SrCa2Cu3O10; BSCCO-2212; BSCCO-2223; coated conductors; MgB2; Nb3Sn; Nb-Ti; superconducting wires; superconductors; YBa2Cu3O7-delta; YBa2Cu3O7 (YBCO) ID CRITICAL-CURRENT-DENSITY; HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS; UPPER CRITICAL FIELDS; INCLINED SUBSTRATE DEPOSITION; ARTIFICIAL PINNING CENTERS; YTTRIA-STABILIZED-ZIRCONIA; BI-2212 INSERT COILS; COATED CONDUCTORS; CRITICAL CURRENTS; NB-TI AB Since the 1960s, Nb-Ti (superconducting transition temperature T-c = 9 K) and Nb3Sn (T-c = 18 K) have been the materials of choice for virtually all superconducting magnets. However the prospects for the future changed dramatically in 1987 with the discovery of layered cuprate superconductors with T-c values that now extend up to about 135 K. Fabrication of useful conductors out of the cuprates has been difficult, but a first generation of silver-sheathed composite conductors based on (Bi, Pb)(2)Sr2Ca2Cu3O10 (T-c similar to 110 K) has already been commercialized. Recent progress on a second generation of biaxially aligned coated conductors using the less anisotropic YBa2Cu3O7 structure has been rapid, suggesting that it too might enter service in the near future. The discovery of superconductivity in MgB2 below 39 K in 2001 has brought yet another candidate material to the large-scale applications mix. Two distinct markets for superconductor wires exist-the more. classical low-temperature magnet applications such as particle accelerators, nuclear magnetic resonance and magnetic resonance imaging magnets, and plasma-containment magnets for fusion power and the newer and potentially much larger market for electric power equipment, such as motors, generators, synchronous condensers, power transmission cables, transformers, and fault-current limiters for the electric utility grid. We review key properties and recent progress in these materials and assess their prospects for further development and application. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Amer Supercond Corp, Westborough, MA 01581 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Appl Superconduct, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Scanlan, RM (reprint author), 26A Lost Valley Dr, Orinda, CA 94563 USA. EM rmscanlan@aol.com; amalozemoff@amsuper.com; larbalestier@engr.wisc.edu RI Larbalestier, David/B-2277-2008 OI Larbalestier, David/0000-0001-7098-7208 NR 104 TC 91 Z9 92 U1 15 U2 122 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9219 EI 1558-2256 J9 P IEEE JI Proc. IEEE PD OCT PY 2004 VL 92 IS 10 BP 1639 EP 1654 DI 10.1109/JPROC.2004.833673 PG 16 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 854PY UT WOS:000223917000010 ER PT J AU Gourlay, SA Sabbi, G Kircher, F Martovetsky, N Ketchen, D AF Gourlay, SA Sabbi, G Kircher, F Martovetsky, N Ketchen, D TI Superconducting magnets and their applications SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE LA English DT Article DE applications; detectors; fusion; high-energy physics; maglev; superconducting magnets; superconductivity ID NB3SN DIPOLE MAGNET; HIGH-RESOLUTION NMR; SOLENOID MAGNET; CONSTRUCTION; ACCELERATOR; TOKAMAK; DESIGN; COILS; PROGRESS AB Since the discovery of superconductivity almost a century ago, there has been a steady increase in the variety of superconducting magnet applications. Progress in superconducting magnet technology has resulted in applications in areas of basic science, medicine, separation, and levitation. Performance improvements in a variety of materials, from low-temperature to high-temperature superconductors, are the foundation of recent rapid development. In addition, large increases in affordable computing power along with steady refinement of three-dimensional analytical tools and improved materials characterization, have allowed many more advanced magnet concepts to be realized directly in hardware without scale prototype testing than was previously possible. This in turn has broadened opportunities for new science and technology results in many fields including the basic sciences, medical imaging, fusion, environmental remediation, and transportation. In this paper a few examples of these applications will be discussed, representing a range in magnetic field, current density, and overall size, from the practical to the developmental. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. CEA Saclay, SACM, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Gen Atom, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. RP Gourlay, SA (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM sagourlay@lbl.gov; glsabbi@lbl.gov; kircher@dapnia.cea.fr; martovetsky1@llnl.gov; donald.ketchen@gat.com NR 53 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 9 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9219 J9 P IEEE JI Proc. IEEE PD OCT PY 2004 VL 92 IS 10 BP 1675 EP 1687 DI 10.1109/JPROC.2004.833675 PG 13 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 854PY UT WOS:000223917000012 ER PT J AU Hull, JR Murakami, M AF Hull, JR Murakami, M TI Applications of bulk high-temperature superconductors SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE LA English DT Article DE current leads; fault-current limiters (FCLs); fly-wheel energy storage; high -temperature superconductors; magnetic levitation; magnetic separation; rare-earth compounds; sputtering; superconducting composites; superconducting devices; superconducting rotating machines; trapped-field magnets; yttrium compounds ID BA-CU-O; 10 KWH FLYWHEEL; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; RELUCTANCE MOTORS; MAGNETIC-FIELDS; HIGH-TC; BEARINGS; HYSTERESIS; SYSTEM; CONSTRUCTION AB Bulk high-temperature superconductors (HTSs) enable the opportunity to develop several unique applications in electrical power that are not feasible with superconducting or normal wires. The large current carrying capacity and low thermal conductivity of the HTSs allows relatively short lengths to carry large currents to low-temperature devices without introducing heat to the device. Such current leads can dramatically reduce the refrigeration requirements for devices such as SMES. The HTSs make a relatively sharp transition to a highly resistive state when the critical current density is exceeded, and this effect has suggested their use for resistive fault current limiters. The bulk HTSs may also take the form of large single-grained superconductors within which circulating currents may flow at large current density without loss. They are capable of developing magnetizations, similar to that of permanent magnets, but with much larger magnetic fields. In this case, they may be used as field-trapping components. Applications in this case include brushless synchronous motors, laboratory magnets, magnetic separation, and magnetron sputtering. The bulk HTSs may also be used as diamagnetic objects in magnetic circuits to provide new types of power devices. One application that uses this effect is an inductive fault current limiters, in which the HTS shields an iron core in an inductive circuit until some current level is exceeded. This transition increases the component from low impedance to high impedance. The diamagnetic property may also be used to create low-loss magnetic bearings for use in efficient energy-storage flywheel devices or sensitive instrumentation. The combination of diamagnetic shielding and field trapping has suggested their use in motor designs analogous to hysteresis motors. Laboratory prototypes for all of these devices have been constructed and tested, and in some cases the devices have been field tested in actual power systems. Improvements in HTS properties, such as flux pinning, mechanical strength, and the ability to grow large grains, have greatly improved the economics of applications that use bulk HTS. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, Thermal & Electromech Sect, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Shibaura Inst Technol, Supercond Mat Lab, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Tokyo 1088548, Japan. Int Supercond Technol Ctr, Supercond Res Lab, Tokyo 1350062, Japan. RP Hull, JR (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, Thermal & Electromech Sect, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM jhull@anl.gov; masatomu@sic.shibaura-it.ac.jp NR 55 TC 94 Z9 99 U1 3 U2 41 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9219 J9 P IEEE JI Proc. IEEE PD OCT PY 2004 VL 92 IS 10 BP 1705 EP 1718 DI 10.1109/JPROC.2004.833796 PG 14 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 854PY UT WOS:000223917000014 ER PT J AU Parker, GR Peterson, PD Asay, BW Dickson, PM Perry, WL Henson, BF Smilowitz, L Oldenborg, MR AF Parker, GR Peterson, PD Asay, BW Dickson, PM Perry, WL Henson, BF Smilowitz, L Oldenborg, MR TI Examination of morphological changes that affect gas permeation through thermally damaged explosives SO PROPELLANTS EXPLOSIVES PYROTECHNICS LA English DT Article DE image analysis; permeability; PBX 9501; cook-off; deflagration to detonation transition (DDT) ID DELTA PHASE-TRANSITION AB Photomicrography and software-based quantitative image analysis were used to examine microstructural morphology of samples of a plastic bonded explosive, PBX 9501, which had been thermally damaged under varied confinement conditions. Samples were damaged to an advanced state, as would be attained just prior to cook-off. We observed significant changes in morphology, when compared to pristine material, which contribute to higher gas permeability. Changes included the formation of channels and pores, as well as fracturing of the HMX crystalline component. We discuss both qualitative and quantitative observations of morphology and whether they are likely to affect sensitivity and behavior of PBX 9501. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Parker, GR (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663,MS C-920, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM gparker@dx-mail.lanl.gov NR 15 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 6 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0721-3115 J9 PROPELL EXPLOS PYROT JI Propellants Explos. Pyrotech. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 29 IS 5 BP 274 EP 281 DI 10.1002/prep.200400057 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Applied; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 867AM UT WOS:000224814500004 ER PT J AU Maienschein, JL Wardell, JF DeHaven, MR Black, CK AF Maienschein, JL Wardell, JF DeHaven, MR Black, CK TI Deflagration of HMX-based explosives at high temperatures and pressures SO PROPELLANTS EXPLOSIVES PYROTECHNICS LA English DT Article DE HMX; deflagration; burn rate; high pressure; thermal damage ID CONDENSED-PHASE DECOMPOSITION; PYROLYSIS PRODUCTS; OCTAHYDRO-1,3,5,7-TETRANITRO-1,3,5,7-TETRAZOCINE AB We measure the deflagration behavior of energetic materials at extreme conditions (up to 520 K and 1 GPa) in the LLNL High Pressure Strand Burner, thereby obtaining reaction rate data for prediction of violence of thermal explosions. The apparatus provides both temporal pressure history and flame time-of-arrival information during deflagration, allowing direct calculation of deflagration rate as a function of pressure. Samples may be heated before testing. Here we report the deflagration behavior of several HMX-based explosives at pressures of 10-600 MPa and temperatures of 300-460 K. We find that formulation details are very important to overall deflagration behavior. Formulations with high binder content ( greater than or equal to 15 wt%) deflagrate smoothly over the entire pressure range regardless of particle size, with a larger particle size distribution leading to a slower reaction. The deflagration follows a power law function with the pressure exponent being unity. Formulations with lower binder content (less than or equal to 10 wt% or less) show physical deconsolidation at pressures over 100-200 MPA, with transition to a rapid erratic deflagration 10-100 times faster. High temperatures have a relatively minor effect on the deflagration rate until the HMX beta-->delta phase transition occurs, after which the deflagration rate increases by more than a factor of 10. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Maienschein, JL (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808,L-282, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM maienschein1@llnl.gov NR 21 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 12 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0721-3115 J9 PROPELL EXPLOS PYROT JI Propellants Explos. Pyrotech. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 29 IS 5 BP 287 EP 295 DI 10.1002/prep.200400061 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Applied; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 867AM UT WOS:000224814500006 ER PT J AU Wu, CJ Ree, FH Yoo, CS AF Wu, CJ Ree, FH Yoo, CS TI A quantum mechanical molecular dynamics study of binary collisions of pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN): Its correlation to shock sensitivity SO PROPELLANTS EXPLOSIVES PYROTECHNICS LA English DT Article DE PETN; decomposition; semi-empirical molecular dynamics ID CRYSTAL ORIENTATION DEPENDENCE; SEMIEMPIRICAL METHODS; OPTIMIZATION; DETONATION; INITIATION; PARAMETERS; STRENGTH; ENERGY; SHEAR AB We have carried out semi-empirical quantum mechanical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations involving collisions of two pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) molecules at different molecular orientations and at several intermolecular separations. The common features of reactive scattering among all molecular orientations are (1) the dissociation mechanism of PETN remains unimolecular and (2) the dominant reaction channel is the breaking of an O-NO2 bond. However, the probability of collision-induced decomposition of PETN depends strongly on initial conditions, in agreement with the experimentally observed sensitivity of shock-initiated detonation in bulk PETN along different crystalline orientations. In addition, the next most frequent reaction path shows a dependence on initial orientations. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Wu, CJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 E Ave,POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM Wu5@Ilnl.gov NR 16 TC 23 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0721-3115 J9 PROPELL EXPLOS PYROT JI Propellants Explos. Pyrotech. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 29 IS 5 BP 296 EP 303 DI 10.1002/prep.200400062 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Applied; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 867AM UT WOS:000224814500007 ER PT J AU Abad, PC Mian, IS Plachot, C Nelpurackal, A Bator-Kelly, C Lelievre, SA AF Abad, PC Mian, IS Plachot, C Nelpurackal, A Bator-Kelly, C Lelievre, SA TI The C terminus of the nuclear protein NuMA: Phylogenetic distribution and structure SO PROTEIN SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE nuclear mitotic apparatus protein; beta 3-integrin; chordate; mammary epithelial cells; differentiation ID ACID RECEPTOR-ALPHA; COILED-COIL; RAR-ALPHA; DOMAIN; MICROTUBULES; ORGANIZATION; PHENOTYPE; LEUKEMIA; INTEGRIN; CELLS AB The C terminus of the nuclear protein NuMA, NuMA-CT, has a well-known function in mitosis via its proximal segment, but it seems also involved in the control of differentiation. To further investigate the structure and function of NuMA, we exploited established computational techniques and tools to collate and characterize proteins with regions similar to the distal portion of NuMA-CT (NuMA-CTDP). The phylogenetic distribution of NuMA-CTDP was examined by PSI-BLAST- and TBLASTN-based analysis of genome and protein sequence databases. Proteins and open reading frames with a NuMA-CTDP-like region were found in a diverse set of vertebrate species including mammals, birds, amphibia, and early teleost fish. The potential structure of NuMA-CTDP was investigated by searching a database of protein sequences of known three-dimensional structure with a hidden Markov model (HMM) estimated using representative (human, frog, chicken, and pufferfish) sequences. The two highest scoring sequences that aligned to the HMM were the extracellular domains of beta3-integrin and Her2, suggesting that NuMA-CTDP may have a primarily beta fold structure. These data indicate that NuMA-CTDP may represent an important functional sequence conserved in vertebrates, where it may act as a receptor to coordinate cellular events. C1 Purdue Univ, Dept Basic Med Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Lelievre, SA (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Basic Med Sci, 625 Harrison St,LYNN, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM lelievre@purdue.edu NR 22 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS, PUBLICATIONS DEPT PI WOODBURY PA 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2924 USA SN 0961-8368 J9 PROTEIN SCI JI Protein Sci. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 13 IS 10 BP 2573 EP 2577 DI 10.1110/ps.04906804 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 855XH UT WOS:000224007700003 PM 15388855 ER PT J AU Bahns, JT Liu, CM Chen, LH AF Bahns, JT Liu, CM Chen, LH TI Characterizing specific phage-protein interactions by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy SO PROTEIN SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE phage-protein interaction; phage display; combinational libraries; M13 phage; T7 phage; fluorescence correlation spectroscopy; dissociation constants ID DISPLAY; PHOTON AB The interactions of several affinity reagent displayed T7 and M13 phage particles with their corresponding target molecules were examined using Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy (FCS). Diffusion times, relative fractions of each component in the recognition reactions at the equilibrium state, and ultimately the dissociation constants were deduced from analyzing the fluorescence autocorrelation curves. Although the sample preparation and FCS characterization of icosahedral T7-related systems were relatively straight forward, procedures with filamentous M13-related systems were complicated by the physical size of M13 and its aggregate formation. Methods that accommodate the FCS measurement of the M13 phage via changing confocal optics, fitting procedures, and aggregate discrimination are presented and discussed. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Chen, LH (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM lhchen@anl.gov NR 14 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS, PUBLICATIONS DEPT PI WOODBURY PA 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2924 USA SN 0961-8368 J9 PROTEIN SCI JI Protein Sci. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 13 IS 10 BP 2578 EP 2587 DI 10.1110/ps.04695704 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 855XH UT WOS:000224007700004 PM 15388856 ER PT J AU Sale, K Faulon, JL Gray, GA Schoeniger, JS Young, MM AF Sale, K Faulon, JL Gray, GA Schoeniger, JS Young, MM TI Optimal bundling of transmembrane helices using sparse distance constraints SO PROTEIN SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE helix packing; transmembrane helices; distance constraints; molecular refinement ID ELECTRON-PARAMAGNETIC-RESONANCE; CHEMICAL CROSS-LINKING; MALTODEXTRIN BINDING-PROTEIN; TRANSFORM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; CARBONIC-ANHYDRASE-II; TOP-DOWN APPROACH; ENERGY-TRANSFER; SPIN-LABELS; TRANSBILAYER HELICES; MEMBRANE-PROTEINS AB We present a two-step approach to modeling the transmembrane spanning helical bundles of integral membrane proteins using only sparse distance constraints, such as those derived from chemical cross-linking, dipolar EPR and FRET experiments. In Step 1, using an algorithm, we developed, the conformational space of membrane protein folds matching a set of distance constraints is explored to provide initial structures for local conformational searches. In Step 2, these structures refined against a custom penalty function that incorporates both measures derived from statistical analysis of solved membrane protein structures and distance constraints obtained from experiments. We begin by describing the statistical analysis of the solved membrane protein structures from which the theoretical portion of the penalty function was derived. We then describe the penalty function, and, using a set of six test cases, demonstrate that it is capable of distinguishing helical bundles that are close to the native bundle from those that are far from the native bundle. Finally, using a set of only 27 distance constraints extracted from the literature, we show that our method successfully recovers the structure of dark-adapted rhodopsin to within 3.2 Angstrom of the crystal structure. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Biosyst Res Dept, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Sale, K (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Biosyst Res Dept, POB 969,MS 9951, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM klsale@sandia.gov NR 78 TC 26 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 3 PU COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS, PUBLICATIONS DEPT PI WOODBURY PA 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2924 USA SN 0961-8368 J9 PROTEIN SCI JI Protein Sci. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 13 IS 10 BP 2613 EP 2627 DI 10.1110/ps.04781504 PG 15 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 855XH UT WOS:000224007700007 PM 15340162 ER PT J AU Ding, C He, XF Meraz, RF Holbrook, SR AF Ding, C He, XF Meraz, RF Holbrook, SR TI A unified representation of multiprotein complex data for modeling interaction networks SO PROTEINS-STRUCTURE FUNCTION AND BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Article DE protein complex; supercomplex; gene ontology; bipartite graphic; cluster analysis; network biology ID PROTEIN-PROTEIN INTERACTIONS; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; CHROMATIN DYNAMICS; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; GENE ONTOLOGY; YEAST; ORGANIZATION; PREDICTION; MACHINES; BIOLOGY AB The protein interaction network presents one perspective for understanding cellular processes. Recent experiments employing high-throughput mass spectrometric characterizations have resulted in large data sets of physiologically relevant multiprotein complexes. We present a unified representation of such data sets based on an underlying bipartite graph model that is an advance over existing models of the network. Our unified representation allows for weighting of connections between proteins shared in more than one complex, as well as addressing the higher level organization that occurs when the network is viewed as consisting of protein complexes that share components. This representation also allows for the application of the rigorous MinMaxCut graph clustering algorithm for the determination of relevant protein modules in the networks. Statistically significant annotations of clusters in the protein-protein and complex-complex networks using terms from the Gene Ontology indicate that this method will be useful for posing hypotheses about uncharacterized components of protein complexes or uncharacterized relationships between protein complexes. (C) 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Computat Res Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Computat Res Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM chqdin@lbl.gov NR 35 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0887-3585 EI 1097-0134 J9 PROTEINS JI Proteins PD OCT 1 PY 2004 VL 57 IS 1 BP 99 EP 108 DI 10.1002/prot.20147 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 852BX UT WOS:000223731300009 PM 15326596 ER PT J AU Miller, MD Schwarzenbacher, R von Delft, F Abdubek, P Ambing, E Biorac, T Brinen, LS Canaves, JM Cambell, J Chiu, HJ Dai, XP Deacon, AM DiDonato, M Elsliger, MA Eshagi, S Floyd, R Godzik, A Grittini, C Grzechnik, SK Hampton, E Jardszewski, L Karlak, C Klock, HE Koesema, E Kovarik, JS Kreusch, A Kuhn, P Lesley, SA Levin, I McMullan, D McPhillips, TM Morse, A Moy, K Ouyang, J Page, R Quijano, K Robb, A Spraggon, G Stevens, RC van den Bedem, H Velasquez, J Vincent, J Wang, XH West, B Wolf, G Xu, QP Hodgson, KO Wooley, J Wilson, IA AF Miller, MD Schwarzenbacher, R von Delft, F Abdubek, P Ambing, E Biorac, T Brinen, LS Canaves, JM Cambell, J Chiu, HJ Dai, XP Deacon, AM DiDonato, M Elsliger, MA Eshagi, S Floyd, R Godzik, A Grittini, C Grzechnik, SK Hampton, E Jardszewski, L Karlak, C Klock, HE Koesema, E Kovarik, JS Kreusch, A Kuhn, P Lesley, SA Levin, I McMullan, D McPhillips, TM Morse, A Moy, K Ouyang, J Page, R Quijano, K Robb, A Spraggon, G Stevens, RC van den Bedem, H Velasquez, J Vincent, J Wang, XH West, B Wolf, G Xu, QP Hodgson, KO Wooley, J Wilson, IA TI Crystal structure of a tandem cystathionine-beta-synthase (CBS) domain protein (TM0935) from Thermotoga maritima at 1.87 angstrom resolution SO PROTEINS-STRUCTURE FUNCTION AND BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-DENSITY; REFINEMENT C1 Scripps Res Inst, Joint Ctr Struct Genom, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Menlo Pk, CA USA. Novartis Res Fdn, Genom Inst, San Diego, CA USA. San Diego Supercomp Ctr, La Jolla, CA USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Wilson, IA (reprint author), Scripps Res Inst, Joint Ctr Struct Genom, BCC206,10550 N Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. EM wilson@scripps.edu RI Godzik, Adam/A-7279-2009 OI Godzik, Adam/0000-0002-2425-852X FU NIGMS NIH HHS [P50 GM62411] NR 17 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 20 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0887-3585 EI 1097-0134 J9 PROTEINS JI Proteins PD OCT 1 PY 2004 VL 57 IS 1 BP 213 EP 217 DI 10.1002/prot.20024 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 852BX UT WOS:000223731300019 PM 15326606 ER PT J AU Branch, D Baron, E Thomas, RC Kasen, D Li, WD Filippenko, AV AF Branch, D Baron, E Thomas, RC Kasen, D Li, WD Filippenko, AV TI Reading the spectra of the most peculiar Type Ia supernova 2002cx SO PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC LA English DT Article ID HIGH-VELOCITY EJECTA; OPTICAL-SPECTRA; 2000CX; CONSEQUENCES; SIGNATURES; GEOMETRY; 1997BR; 1991T AB In spite of the apparent lack of Si II and S II features in its spectra, SN 2002cx was classified as a peculiar Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) on the basis of its overall photometric and spectroscopic behavior. Spectra obtained near maximum light contained Fe III features, as in SN 1991T-like events, but the blueshifts of the Fe III absorptions were exceptionally low. The luminosity was also low. We use the supernova synthetic-spectrum code SYNOW to study line identifications in SN 2002cx. We find that the maximum-light spectra appear to contain weak features of Si II, S II, Si III, and Ca II, which strengthens the connection with SN 1991T-like events. We show that later spectra obtained 12, 25, and 56 days after maximum consist of P Cygni resonance-scattering features due to permitted Fe II and Co II lines. SN 2002cx had been thought to have made the transition from a permitted-line to a forbidden-line spectrum between 25 and 56 days. Owing to the low expansion velocities, the postmaximum spectral features are narrower and easier to identify than they are in other SNe Ia. SN 2002cx will lead to improved line identifications in other SNe Ia and will clarify when the transition from a permitted-to a forbidden-line spectrum occurs. In the context of current SN Ia explosion models, we suggest that the properties of SN 2002cx might be consistent with three-dimensional deflagration models, which are not favored for normal SNe Ia. C1 Univ Oklahoma, Dept Phys & Astron, Norman, OK 73019 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Branch, D (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Dept Phys & Astron, Norman, OK 73019 USA. EM branch@nhn.ou.edu RI Baron, Edward/A-9041-2009 OI Baron, Edward/0000-0001-5393-1608 NR 26 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-6280 J9 PUBL ASTRON SOC PAC JI Publ. Astron. Soc. Pac. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 116 IS 824 BP 903 EP 908 DI 10.1086/425081 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 862BM UT WOS:000224464600002 ER PT J AU Tiampo, KF Rundle, JB Klein, W Martins, JSS AF Tiampo, KF Rundle, JB Klein, W Martins, JSS TI Ergodicity in natural fault systems SO PURE AND APPLIED GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd ACES International Workshop CY MAY 05-10, 2002 CL Maui, HI ID STATISTICAL-MECHANICS; SOUTHERN-CALIFORNIA; SUPERCOOLED LIQUIDS; THRESHOLD SYSTEMS; EARTHQUAKES; DYNAMICS; MODELS; EQUILIBRIUM; SEISMICITY; ENERGY AB Attempts to understand the physics of earthquakes over the past decade generally have focused on applying methods and theories developed based upon phase transitions, materials science, and percolation theory to a variety of numerical simulations of extended fault networks. This recent work suggests that fault systems can be interpreted as mean-field threshold systems in metastable equilibrium (RUNDLE et al., 1995; KLEIN et al., 1997; FERGUSON et al., 1999), and that these results strongly support the view that seismic activity is highly correlated across many space and time scales within large volumes of the earth's crust (RUNDLE et al., 2000; TIAMPO el al., 2002). In these systems, the time averaged elastic energy of the system fluctuates around a constant value for some period of time and is punctuated by major events that reorder the system before it settles into another metastable energy well. One way to measure the stability of such a system is to check a quantity called the Thirumalai-Mountain (TM) energy metric (THIRUMALAI and MOUNTAIN, 1993; KLEIN et al., 1996). In particular, using this metric, we show that the actual California fault system is ergodic in space and time for the period in question, punctuated by the occurrence of large earthquakes, and that, for individual events in the system, there are correlated regions that are a subset of the larger fault network. C1 Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Univ Western Ontario, Dept Earth Sci, London, ON, Canada. Univ Calif Davis, Ctr Computat Sci & Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Boston Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Fed Fluminense, Inst Fis, BR-24210340 Niteroi, RJ, Brazil. RP Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. EM ktiampo@uwo.ca; rundle@physics.ucdavis.edu; klein@buphy.edu; jssm@if.uff.br RI Martins, Jorge/F-7780-2012; Tiampo, Kristy/I-1355-2015 OI Tiampo, Kristy/0000-0002-5500-7600 NR 26 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER BASEL AG PI BASEL PA PICASSOPLATZ 4, BASEL, 4052, SWITZERLAND SN 0033-4553 EI 1420-9136 J9 PURE APPL GEOPHYS JI Pure Appl. Geophys. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 161 IS 9-10 BP 1957 EP 1968 DI 10.1007/s00024-004-2542-1 PG 12 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 852HG UT WOS:000223745800010 ER PT J AU Tiampo, KF Rundle, JB Klein, W Ben-Zion, Y McGinnis, S AF Tiampo, KF Rundle, JB Klein, W Ben-Zion, Y McGinnis, S TI Using eigenpattern analysis to constrain seasonal signals in southern California SO PURE AND APPLIED GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd ACES International Workshop CY MAY 05-10, 2002 CL Maui, HI ID OSCILLATION PATTERN-ANALYSIS; 1992 LANDERS; DEFORMATION; DISPLACEMENTS; DYNAMICS; SERIES; SPACE AB Earthquake fault systems are now thought to be an example ora complex nonlinear system (BAKE et al., 1987; RUNDLE and KLEIN, 1995). The spatial and temporal complexity of this system translates into a similar complexity in the surface expression of the underlying physics, including deformation and seismicity. Here we show that a new pattern dynamic methodology can be used to define a unique, finite set of deformation patterns for the Southern California Integrated GPS Network (SCIGN). Similar in nature to the empirical orthogonal functions historically employed in the analysis of atmospheric and oceanographic phenomena (PREISENDORFER, 1988), the method derives the eigenvalues and eigenstates from the diagonalization of the correlation matrix using a Karhunen-Loeve expansion (KLE) (FUKUNAGA, 1970; RUNDLE et al., 2000; TIAMPO et al., 2002). This KLE technique may be used to determine the important modes in both time and space for the southern California GPS data, modes that potentially include such time-dependent signals as plate velocities, viscoelasticity, and seasonal effects. Here we attempt to characterize several of the seasonal vertical signals on various spatial scales. These, in turn, can be used to better model geophysical signals of interest such as coseismic deformation, viscoelastic effects, and creep, as well as provide data assimilation and model verification for large-scale numerical simulations of southern California. C1 Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Univ Western Ontario, Dept Earth Sci, London, ON, Canada. Univ Calif Davis, Ctr Computat Sci & Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Boston Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ So Calif, Dept Earth Sci, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. EM ktiampo@uwo.ca; rundle@physics.ucdavis.edu; klein@buphy.edu; benzion@terra.use.edu RI Tiampo, Kristy/I-1355-2015; OI Tiampo, Kristy/0000-0002-5500-7600; McGinnis, Seth/0000-0001-8082-834X NR 31 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER BASEL AG PI BASEL PA PICASSOPLATZ 4, BASEL, 4052, SWITZERLAND SN 0033-4553 EI 1420-9136 J9 PURE APPL GEOPHYS JI Pure Appl. Geophys. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 161 IS 9-10 BP 1991 EP 2003 DI 10.1007/s00024-004-2545-y PG 13 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 852HG UT WOS:000223745800013 ER PT J AU Anghel, M Ben-Zion, Y Rico-Martinez, R AF Anghel, M Ben-Zion, Y Rico-Martinez, R TI Dynamical system analysis and forecasting of deformation produced by an earthquake fault SO PURE AND APPLIED GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd ACES International Workshop CY MAY 05-10, 2002 CL Maui, HI DE fault dynamics; surface deformation; earthquake prediction ID HETEROGENEOUS FAULTS; STRANGE ATTRACTORS; PREDICTABILITY; STRESS; MODELS; TIME; SLIP AB We present a method of constructing low-dimensional nonlinear models describing the main dynamical features of a discrete 2-D cellular fault zone, with many degrees of freedom, embedded in a 3-D elastic solid. A given fault system is characterized by a set of parameters that describe the dynamics, rheology, property disorder, and fault geometry. Depending on the location in the system parameter space, we show that the coarse dynamics of the fault can be confined to an attractor whose dimension is significantly smaller than the space in which the dynamics takes place. Our strategy of system reduction is to search for a few coherent structures that dominate the dynamics and to capture the interaction between these coherent structures. The identification of the basic interacting structures is obtained by applying the Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) to the surface deformation fields that accompany strike-slip faulting accumulated over equal time intervals. We use a feed-forward artificial neural network (ANN) architecture for the identification of the system dynamics projected onto the subspace (model space) spanned by the most energetic coherent structures. The ANN is trained using a standard back-propagation algorithm to predict (map) the values of the observed model state at a future time, given the observed model state at the present time. This ANN provides an approximate, large-scale, dynamical model for the fault. The map can be evaluated once to provide a short-term predictions or iterated to obtain a prediction for the long-term fault dynamics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Comp & Computat Sci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. Univ So Calif, Dept Earth Sci, Los Angeles, CA USA. Inst Tecnol Celaya, Dept Chem Engn, Guanajuato, Mexico. RP Anghel, M (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Comp & Computat Sci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. EM manghel@lanl.gov; benzion@usc.edu; ramiro@losalamos.princeton.edu NR 30 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU BIRKHAUSER VERLAG AG PI BASEL PA VIADUKSTRASSE 40-44, PO BOX 133, CH-4010 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0033-4553 J9 PURE APPL GEOPHYS JI Pure Appl. Geophys. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 161 IS 9-10 BP 2023 EP 2051 DI 10.1007/s00024-004-2547-9 PG 29 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 852HG UT WOS:000223745800015 ER PT J AU Persaud, A Park, SJ Liddle, JA Rangelow, IW Bokor, J Keller, R Allen, FI Schneider, DH Schenkel, T AF Persaud, A. Park, S. J. Liddle, J. A. Rangelow, I. W. Bokor, J. Keller, R. Allen, F. I. Schneider, D. H. Schenkel, T. TI Quantum Computer Development with Single Ion Implantation SO QUANTUM INFORMATION PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE Electron emission; single electron devices; Coulomb blockade; ion doping; scanning probe; quantum computation AB Spins of single donor atoms are attractive candidates for large scale quantum information processing in silicon. Formation of devices with a few qubits is crucial for validation of basic ideas and development of a scalable architecture. We describe our development of a single ion implantation technique for placement of single atoms into device structures. Collimated highly charged ion beams are aligned with a scanning probe microscope. Enhanced secondary electron emission due to high ion charge states (e. g., P-31(13+), or Te-126(33+)) allows efficient detection of single ion impacts. Studies of electrical activation of low dose, low energy implants of P-31 in silicon show a drastic effect of dopant segregation to the SiO2/Si interface, while Si3N4/Si retards P-31 segregation. We discuss resolution limiting factors in ion placement, and process challenges for integration of single atom arrays with control gates and single electron transistors. C1 [Persaud, A.; Park, S. J.; Liddle, J. A.; Bokor, J.; Keller, R.; Allen, F. I.; Schenkel, T.] EO Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Rangelow, I. W.] Univ Kassel, Inst Microstruct Technol & Analyt, D-34109 Kassel, Germany. [Bokor, J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Schneider, D. H.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Persaud, A (reprint author), EO Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM T_Schenkel@LBL.gov RI Liddle, James/A-4867-2013 OI Liddle, James/0000-0002-2508-7910 FU National Security Agency and Advanced Research and Development Activity under Army Research Office [MOD707501]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC03-76SF00098]; U.S. DOE [W-7405-ENG-48] FX We thank the staff of LBNL's National Center for Electron Microscopy (NCEM) and the U. C. Berkeley Microlab for their support. This work was supported by the National Security Agency and Advanced Research and Development Activity under Army Research Office contract number MOD707501, and by the U.S. Department of Energy under contract No. DE-AC03-76SF00098. Work at LLNL was performed under the auspices of the U.S. DOE under contract No. W-7405-ENG-48. NR 25 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1570-0755 J9 QUANTUM INF PROCESS JI Quantum Inf. Process. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 3 IS 1-5 BP 233 EP 245 DI 10.1007/s11128-004-3879-1 PG 13 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA V25UO UT WOS:000208503100015 ER PT J AU Schmidt-Bocking, H Schmidt, L Weber, T Mergel, V Jagutzki, O Czasch, A Hagmann, S Dorner, R Demkov, Y Jahnke, T Prior, M Cocke, CL Osipov, T Landers, A AF Schmidt-Bocking, H Schmidt, L Weber, T Mergel, V Jagutzki, O Czasch, A Hagmann, S Dorner, R Demkov, Y Jahnke, T Prior, M Cocke, CL Osipov, T Landers, A TI Dynamics of multiple ionization of atoms and molecules by electron, photon, and ion impact - investigated by the COLTRIMS imaging method SO RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Symposium on Radiation Physics CY OCT 26-31, 2003 CL Cape Town, SOUTH AFRICA DE atomic and molecular physics; momentum imaging; many-particle dynamics ID MULTIPHOTON DOUBLE-IONIZATION; COLLISIONS; HELIUM; SINGLE AB Fully differential cross-sections in momentum space for multiple ionization processes of atoms and molecules have been investigated by a multi-coincidence imaging technique, called COLTRIMS (cold target recoil ion momentum spectroscopy) (J. Phys. B 30 (1997) 2917; Nucl. Instrum. Methods B 108 (1996) 425; In: Ullrich, J., Shevelko, V.P. (Eds.), Many Particle Quantum Dynamics in Atomic Fragmentation, Series Atomic, Optical, and Plasma Physics, Vol. 35. Springer.. Berlin, 2003; Phys. Rep. 330 (2000) 95). This technique is as powerful as the bubble chamber system in high-energy physics. It has opened a new observation window into the hidden world of many-particle dynamics: correlated many-particle dynamics in Coulombic systems can now be experimentally approached with unprecedented completeness and precision. The principle of the method, namely measuring the momentum of the emitted charged particles from an atomic or molecular fragmentation process, is as simple as determining the trajectory of a thrown stone. From knowing the position from where the stone was slung and where it hits the target, as well as measuring its time-of-flight, the trajectory of the stone and thus its initial velocity vector can be determined precisely. Furthermore, in order to achieve good precision we have to know whether the person, who throws the stone, was at rest in the frame of observation or with which relative velocity this person was moving. Thus, to obtain optimal momentum resolution for the exploding fragments one has to bring the fragmenting object to a complete rest in the frame of measurement before the reaction occurs, i.e. if the object is a gas atom or molecule one has to cool it down to sub-milli Kelvin temperatures. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Frankfurt, Inst Kernphys, D-60486 Frankfurt, Germany. LBNL, Berkeley, CA USA. Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. Alabama State Univ, Auburn, AL USA. RP Schmidt-Bocking, H (reprint author), Univ Frankfurt, Inst Kernphys, August Euler Str 6, D-60486 Frankfurt, Germany. EM schmidtb@ikf.uni-frankfurt.de RI Doerner, Reinhard/A-5340-2008; Landers, Allen/C-1213-2013; Weber, Thorsten/K-2586-2013 OI Doerner, Reinhard/0000-0002-3728-4268; Weber, Thorsten/0000-0003-3756-2704 NR 24 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 9 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0969-806X J9 RADIAT PHYS CHEM JI Radiat. Phys. Chem. PD OCT-NOV PY 2004 VL 71 IS 3-4 BP 627 EP 632 DI 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2004.04.034 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 856CB UT WOS:000224020100004 ER PT J AU Einfeld, D Hasnain, SS Sayers, Z Schopper, H Winick, H AF Einfeld, D Hasnain, SS Sayers, Z Schopper, H Winick, H TI SESAME, a third generation synchrotron light source for the Middle East region SO RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Symposium on Radiation Physics CY OCT 26-31, 2003 CL Cape Town, SOUTH AFRICA DE synchrotron radiation; UNESCO; light source; Middle East ID RADIATION FACILITY AB Developed under the auspices of UNESCO, SESAME is being established as an autonomous international research centre in the Middle East/Mediterranean region. It will have as its centrepiece a 2.5 GeV third Generation synchrotron light source with 13 straight sections for insertion devices and an emittance of 26.6 nm-rad. It will provide intense radiation from the IR to hard X-rays to a community that is expected to exceed 1000 users a few years after the start of operation in 2008. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 UNESCO, SESAME, Amman 11181, Jordan. CCLRC, Daresbury Lab, Warrington WA4 4AD, Cheshire, England. Sabanci Univ, Fac Engn & Nat Sci, TR-81474 Istanbul, Turkey. CERN, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. SLAC, SSRL, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Winick, H (reprint author), Stanford Univ, MS 69,POB 4349, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. EM winick@slac.stanford.edu NR 6 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0969-806X J9 RADIAT PHYS CHEM JI Radiat. Phys. Chem. PD OCT-NOV PY 2004 VL 71 IS 3-4 BP 693 EP 700 DI 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2004.04.031 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 856CB UT WOS:000224020100023 ER PT J AU Vilaithong, T Yu, LD Apavatjrut, P Phanchaisri, B Sanpuenyongpipat, S Anuntalabhochai, S Brown, IG AF Vilaithong, T Yu, LD Apavatjrut, P Phanchaisri, B Sanpuenyongpipat, S Anuntalabhochai, S Brown, IG TI Heavy ion induced DNA transfer in biological cells SO RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Symposium on Radiation Physics CY OCT 26-31, 2003 CL Cape Town, SOUTH AFRICA DE low-energy heavy ion; ion bombardment; DNA transfer; biological cells ID BEAM; WALL AB Low-energy ion beam bombardment of biological materials for genetic modification purposes has experienced rapid growth in the last decade, particularly for the direct DNA transfer into living organisms including both plants and bacteria. Attempts have been made to understand the mechanisms involved in ion-bombardment-induced direct gene transfer into biological cells. Here we summarize the present status of the application of low-energy ions for genetic modification of living sample materials. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Chiang Mai Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Phys, Fast Neutron Res Facil, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. Chiang Mai Univ, Fac Agr, Dept Hort, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. Chiang Mai Univ, Inst Sci & Technol Res & Dev, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. Chiang Mai Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Biol, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Vilaithong, T (reprint author), Chiang Mai Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Phys, Fast Neutron Res Facil, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. EM thirapat@fnrf.science.cmu.ac.th NR 21 TC 16 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0969-806X J9 RADIAT PHYS CHEM JI Radiat. Phys. Chem. PD OCT-NOV PY 2004 VL 71 IS 3-4 BP 927 EP 935 DI 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2004.04.136 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 856CB UT WOS:000224020100079 ER PT J AU Frigo, SP McNulty, I Richmond, RC Ehret, CF AF Frigo, SP McNulty, I Richmond, RC Ehret, CF TI Photoabsorption study of Bacillus megaterium, DNA and related biological materials in the phosphorus K-shell edge region SO RADIATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-ABSORPTION; SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION; SPORES; CELLS; DIFFRACTION; SPECTRA AB We measured the X-ray transmission spectra of several biologically related samples in the phosphorus K-shell edge absorption region. These include red phosphorus, hydrated sodium phosphate (Na(3)PO(4)(.)12 H2O), deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), adenosine triphosphate (ATP), diolylphosphatidyl choline (DOPC), and Bacillus megaterium spores. Red phosphorus essentially displays an edge-jump. All other spectra are similar in form and energy position: Each is dominated by a narrower, more intense first peak and a broader but less intense second peak. The corresponding K-shell edge absorption thresholds are shifted toward higher energy relative to that for red phosphorus, as expected for increasing degrees of phosphorus oxidation. The B. megaterium spectrum has aspects common to both the phosphate and DNA spectra and is therefore interpreted as a composite of spectra arising from DNA, ribonucleic acid (RNA) and phosphates within the spore. The B. megaterium spore spectrum provides information for resonant radiation damage studies in the phosphorus K-shell edge absorption region by identifying candidate photoexcitations. In addition, the absorption spectra will be useful in X-ray microscopy and macromolecular crystallography studies at the phosphorus K-shell edge. (C) 2004 by Radiation Research Society. C1 No Arizona Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NASA, Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. Gen Chronobion, Clarendon Hills, IL 60514 USA. RP Frigo, SP (reprint author), No Arizona Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, POB 6010, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. EM sean.frigo@nau.edu NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU RADIATION RESEARCH SOC PI OAK BROOK PA 820 JORIE BOULEVARD, OAK BROOK, IL 60523 USA SN 0033-7587 J9 RADIAT RES JI Radiat. Res. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 162 IS 4 BP 464 EP 468 DI 10.1667/RR3132 PG 5 WC Biology; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 892IF UT WOS:000226643100015 PM 15447035 ER PT J AU Cohen, JS AF Cohen, JS TI Capture of negative exotic particles by atoms, ions and molecules SO REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS LA English DT Review ID EFFECTIVE HAMILTONIAN-STRUCTURE; DIABATIC-STATE TREATMENT; MONTE-CARLO CALCULATION; LOW-ENERGY COLLISIONS; X-RAY CASCADE; COULOMB-CAPTURE; HYDROGEN-ATOMS; MUON-CAPTURE; PROTONIUM FORMATION; SLOW ANTIPROTON AB This article describes the capture of heavy negative particles (mu(-), pi(-), K-, (p) over bar) by normal atoms, ions and molecules to form exotic systems. Capture by even the hydrogen atom presents great challenges for theoretical treatment. The wide variety of methods used are reviewed, including perturbative, two-state adiabatic and diabatic, time-independent quantum mechanical, time-dependent semiclassical and quantum mechanical and quasi-classical treatments. A few of these methods, as well as the Fermi-Teller model, have also been applied to heavier atomic targets. Most of the methods, other than the quasi-classical formulations, are not yet up to treating the dynamical electron correlation and multiple ionization found to be important in capture by multi-electron atoms, or the vibronic coupling found to be important in capture by simple molecules. The essential elements of potentially more rigorous quantum mechanical theories are characterized. The experimental data on capture states and relative capture probabilities in mixtures are also discussed. The connection of this experimental data to the theoretical capture calculations is fairly tenuous, but forthcoming experiments with antiprotons promise direct tests of some of the recent theoretical findings. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM cohen@lanl.gov NR 128 TC 60 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0034-4885 EI 1361-6633 J9 REP PROG PHYS JI Rep. Prog. Phys. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 67 IS 10 BP 1769 EP 1819 AR PII S0034-4885(04)38953-0 DI 10.1088/0034-4885/67/10/R02 PG 51 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 868HK UT WOS:000224904500002 ER PT J AU Lowney, DP Heimann, PA Padmore, HA Gullikson, EM MacPhee, AG Falcone, RW AF Lowney, DP Heimann, PA Padmore, HA Gullikson, EM MacPhee, AG Falcone, RW TI Characterization of CsI photocathodes at grazing incidence for use in a unit quantum efficiency x-ray streak camera SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID SECONDARY-ELECTRON EMISSION; WAVELENGTH BAND 1-300; PHOTO-CATHODES; ALKALI-HALIDES; ENERGY-RANGE; INSULATORS; SEMICONDUCTORS; TRANSMISSION; REFLECTION; RESOLUTION AB The performance of CsI photocathodes has been characterized for use with grazing incidence soft x rays. The total electron yield and pulsed quantum efficiency of a CsI photocathode has been measured in a reflection geometry as a function of photon energy (100 eV to 1 keV), angle of incidence, and the electric field between the anode and photocathode. The total electron yield and pulsed quantum efficiency increase as the x-ray penetration depth approaches the secondary electron escape depth. Unit quantum efficiency in a grazing incidence geometry is demonstrated. A weak electric-field dependence is observed for the total yield measurements; while no significant dependence is found for the pulsed quantum efficiency. The effect of the pulse height distribution on the detective quantum efficiency is discussed. Theoretical predictions agree accurately with experiment. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Expt Syst Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Ctr Xray Opt, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Dublin City Univ, Res Inst Networks & Commun Engn, Dublin 9, Ireland. RP Lowney, DP (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Expt Syst Grp, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM dplowney@lbl.gov NR 29 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 3131 EP 3137 DI 10.1063/1.1790558 PN 1 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EE UT WOS:000224755800006 ER PT J AU Du, X Bailey, K Lu, ZT Mueller, P O'Connor, TP Young, L AF Du, X Bailey, K Lu, ZT Mueller, P O'Connor, TP Young, L TI An atom trap system for practical Kr-81 dating SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID METASTABLE KRYPTON; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ATMOSPHERE AB Kr-81 (t(1/2)=2.3x10(5) yr, Kr-81/Krsimilar to6x10(-13)) is a long-lived cosmogenic isotope, which is ideal for dating old groundwater and ice in the age range of 50,000 years to 1 million years. Here, we describe the apparatus and performance of an atom-counting system for practical Kr-81 dating. This system is based upon the atom trap trace analysis method that was first demonstrated in 1999. Since then, significant improvements have been made to increase the system efficiency and to reduce the required krypton sample size. For a modern krypton gas sample of 100 mul STP, which contains 1.2x10(6) Kr-81 atoms, the system can accumulate approximately 240 Kr-81 counts in 20 h, thereby reaching a counting efficiency of 2x10(-4). Detailed studies have been conducted to characterize the performance of this system. This system has been calibrated with a low-level counting method and has been used for Kr-81 dating of ancient groundwater from the Nubian Aquifer (Egypt). It can also be used to measure the isotopic abundance of a fission-produced isotope Kr-85 (t(1/2)=10.76 year,Kr-85/Krsimilar to2x10(-11)). (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Northwestern Univ, Dept Phys, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Du, X (reprint author), Univ Texas, Dept Phys, Austin, TX 78712 USA. EM du@physics.utexas.edu; lu@anl.gov RI Mueller, Peter/E-4408-2011 OI Mueller, Peter/0000-0002-8544-8191 NR 14 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 3224 EP 3232 DI 10.1063/1.1790562 PN 1 PG 9 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EE UT WOS:000224755800020 ER PT J AU Drake, IJ Liu, TCN Gilles, M Tyliszczak, T Kilcoyne, ALD Shuh, DK Mathies, RA Bell, AT AF Drake, IJ Liu, TCN Gilles, M Tyliszczak, T Kilcoyne, ALD Shuh, DK Mathies, RA Bell, AT TI An in situ cell for characterization of solids by soft x-ray absorption SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID ADVANCED LIGHT-SOURCE; ENERGY-RANGE; PHOTOEMISSION; SPECTROSCOPY; CATALYSIS AB A cell has been designed and fabricated for in situ characterization of catalysts and environmental materials using soft x-ray absorption spectroscopy and spectromicroscopy at photon energies above 250 eV. "Lab-on-a-chip" technologies were used to fabricate the cell on a glass wafer. The sample compartment is 1.0 mm in diameter and has a gas path length of 0.8 mm to minimize x-ray absorption in the gas phase. The sample compartment can be heated to 533 K by an Al resistive heater and gas flows up to 5.0 cm(3) min(-1) can be supplied to the sample compartment through microchannels. The performance of the cell was tested by acquiring Cu L-3-edge x-ray appearance near-edge structure (XANES) data during the reduction and oxidation of a silica-supported Cu catalyst using the beam line 11.0.2 scanning transmission x-ray microscope (STXM) at the Advanced Light Source of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley, CA). Two-dimensional images of individual catalyst particles were recorded at photon energies between 926 and 937 eV, the energy range in which the Cu(II) and Cu(I) L-3 absorption edges are observed. Oxidation state specific images of the catalyst clearly show the disappearance of Cu(II) species during the exposure of the oxidized sample to 4% CO in He while increasing the temperature from 308 to 473 K. Reoxidation restores the intensity of the image associated with Cu(II). Cu L-3-edge XANES spectra obtained from stacks of STXM images show that with increasing temperature the Cu(II) peak intensity decreases as the Cu(I) peak intensity increases. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Bell, AT (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM bell@cchem.berkeley.edu RI Kilcoyne, David/I-1465-2013; OI Bell, Alexis/0000-0002-5738-4645 NR 22 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 19 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 3242 EP 3247 DI 10.1063/1.1791320 PN 1 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EE UT WOS:000224755800023 ER PT J AU DeMange, P Carr, CW Radousky, HB Demos, SG AF DeMange, P Carr, CW Radousky, HB Demos, SG TI System for evaluation of laser-induced damage performance of optical materials for large aperture lasers SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID POTASSIUM DIHYDROGEN PHOSPHATE; RAPID-GROWTH; DKDP CRYSTALS; BREAKDOWN; KH2PO4 AB The evaluation of optical components in various laser systems, with regard to their resistance to laser-induced damage, has often relied on measuring damage threshold fluences. For large-aperture laser systems a small amount of damage in optics does not impede performance. This necessitates the development of damage testing instrumentation that can directly provide information regarding beam obscuration. The number and size of damage scattering sites for a specific laser fluence, wavelength, and pulse duration determine overall beam losses due to damage. We present a design for rapid quantitative characterization of bulk damage performance of optical materials for use in large-aperture laser systems. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP DeMange, P (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM demange1@llnl.gov RI Carr, Chris/F-7163-2013 NR 20 TC 40 Z9 43 U1 4 U2 15 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 3298 EP 3301 DI 10.1063/1.1791319 PN 1 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EE UT WOS:000224755800032 ER PT J AU Carey, CS Furno, I Weisen, H Behn, R Fable, E Angioni, C AF Carey, CS Furno, I Weisen, H Behn, R Fable, E Angioni, C TI Application of the singular value decomposition method for inversion of interferometer measurements in fusion plasmas SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom ID TOKAMAK; TCV AB We present applications of a recently developed method, the singular value decomposition inversion (SVD-I), for inverting line integrated multichannel interferometer measurements in fusion devices. The method expands the local electron density profiles into a limited series of orthogonal basis functions formed from the singular value decomposition of Thomson scattering measurements, which are obtained at much lower frequencies than the interferometer data. Because these basis functions are formed from a local measurement of the electron densities in the same plasmas, they are well adapted to the class of density profiles to be reconstructed. Using this expansion, the inversion of the interferometer data are reduced to solving an overdetermined set of equations. SVD-I is significantly faster than regularization methods and more accurate for reconstructing hollow profiles. This method, which combines the high bandwidth of interferometer systems with the spatial accuracy of Thomson scattering, is applied to invert data from a 14-chord interferometer on the TCV tokamak. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. EPFL, Ctr Rech Phys Plasmas, Assoc EURATOM Confederat Suisse, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. Max Planck Inst Plasma Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. RP Carey, CS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS E526, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. EM henri.weisen@epfl.ch NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 3411 EP 3413 DI 10.1063/1.1779613 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900009 ER PT J AU Lee, KC Domier, CW Johnson, M Luhmann, NC Park, H AF Lee, KC Domier, CW Johnson, M Luhmann, NC Park, H TI Edge density fluctuation characterization in H-mode and polarimetry measurement via the FIReTIP system on NSTX SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom ID SPHERICAL TORUS EXPERIMENT AB The edge interferometry channel of the far infrared tangential interferometer polarimeter (FIReTIP) is used to characterize the localized edge density fluctuations during the L/H transition in conjunction with other edge diagnostic systems on the National Spherical Tokamak Experiment (NSTX). With the high IF frequency employing a "Stark-tuned" laser as local oscillator, it is possible to measure the absolute level of fluctuations at high time resolution. Density fluctuation measurements using FIReTIP are feasible at both the high field side and the low field side boundary throughout the plasma shot. The normalized level of measured density fluctuations was in the range of 0.01-0.3 depending upon the channel location and the plasma confinement. The experimental results showed that the sampling rate of 500 KHz was sufficiently high to produce valuable frequency spectral information during the L/H transition, ELMs period and TAE/f.b.s activities. The improved polarimetry measurement was introduced for the para/diamagnetic study of the NSTX plasma. Multichannel operation of FIReTIP with high resolution density measurement provides promising opportunities as a density fluctuation diagnostic system for turbulence/transport and boundary physics studies as well as the robust density measurement for plasma operation. In this article, a brief description of the upgraded portion of the FIReTIP system will be given together with the experimental results of spectral analysis of the edge fluctuations and assessments on polarimetry signals. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Lee, KC (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM kclee@pppl.gov NR 6 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 3433 EP 3435 DI 10.1063/1.1786644 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900016 ER PT J AU Wang, ZH Wurden, GA AF Wang, ZH Wurden, GA TI Hypervelocity dust beam injection for national spherical torus experiment SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom ID MICROPARTICLES; ACCELERATION; IMPACTS AB An internal magnetic field measurement technique using hypervelocity dust beam injection is described for eventual implementation on the National Spherical Torus experiment. The principle of the diagnostic has been described previously [Wang and Wurden, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 74, 1887 (2003)]. Approximately 200 kV of electrostatic potential will be used to accelerate multiple dust particles to velocities in the range of 1.0-10 km/s. A fast framing camera will be used to visualize and map two-dimensional internal magnetic field structure from the orientation of the visible light emissions generated by the plumes associated with the hypervelocity dust. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Wang, ZH (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM zwang@lanl.gov RI Wurden, Glen/A-1921-2017 OI Wurden, Glen/0000-0003-2991-1484 NR 12 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 3436 EP 3438 DI 10.1063/1.1784529 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900017 ER PT J AU Hillis, DL Fehling, DT Bell, RE Johnson, DW Zastrow, KD Meigs, A Negus, C Giroud, C Stamp, M AF Hillis, DL Fehling, DT Bell, RE Johnson, DW Zastrow, KD Meigs, A Negus, C Giroud, C Stamp, M CA JET-EFDA Contributors TI A high throughput spectrometer system for helium ash detection on JET SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom ID TOKAMAK AB Acquiring information about helium ash production and transport is fundamental for future burning plasma devices, such as International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor, since the helium ash must be continuously removed from the plasma to prevent the dilution of the deuterium-tritium (DT) fuel. This diagnostic for future JET DT operation uses charge-exchange recombination spectroscopy (CXRS) in conjunction with the JET neutral heating beam to measure the helium density at 20 radial locations across the JET plasma via the 4686 Angstrom He+ line and an array of heated 1 mm quartz fibers. The CXRS diagnostic utilizes a high throughput short focal length spectrometer with f/1.8 input optics, two entrance slits, a holographic transmission grating, and refractive optics. The detector is a thinned back-illuminated charge coupled device that has high quantum efficiency, a 10 MHz readout speed, and a time resolution of 5 ms. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. UKAEA Euratom Fus Assoc, Culham Sci Ctr, Abingdon OX14 3DB, Oxon, England. RP Hillis, DL (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM hillisdl@ornl.gov NR 4 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 3449 EP 3451 DI 10.1063/1.1784530 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900021 ER PT J AU Burrell, KH Gohil, P Groebner, RJ Kaplan, DH Robinson, JI Solomon, WM AF Burrell, KH Gohil, P Groebner, RJ Kaplan, DH Robinson, JI Solomon, WM TI Improved charge-coupled device detectors for high-speed, charge exchange spectroscopy studies on the DIII-D tokamak SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom ID RECOMBINATION SPECTROSCOPY AB Charge exchange spectroscopy is one of the key ion diagnostics on the DIII-D tokamak. It allows determination of ion temperature, poloidal and toroidal velocity, impurity density, and radial electric field E-r throughout the plasma. For the 2003 experimental campaign, we replaced the intensified photodiode array detectors on the central portion of the DIII-D charge exchange spectroscopy system with advanced charge-coupled device (CCD) detectors mounted on faster (f/4.7) Czerny-Turner spectrometers equipped with toroidal mirrors. The CCD detectors are improved versions of the ones installed on our edge system in 1999. The combination improved the photoelectron signal level by about a factor of 20 and the signal to noise by a factor of 2-8, depending on the absolute signal level. The new cameras also allow shorter minimum integration times while archiving to PC memory: 0.552 ms for the slower, lower-read noise (15 e) readout mode and 0.274 ms in the faster, higher-read noise (30 e) mode. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Burrell, KH (reprint author), Gen Atom Co, POB 85608, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. EM burrell@fusion.gat.com OI Solomon, Wayne/0000-0002-0902-9876 NR 7 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 3455 EP 3457 DI 10.1063/1.1787949 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900023 ER PT J AU Foley, EL Levinton, FM AF Foley, EL Levinton, FM TI Development of the motional Stark effect with laser-induced fluorescence diagnostic SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom ID TORUS; PLASMAS AB The motional Stark effect diagnostic (MSE) is presently a widely accepted technique for measuring the magnetic field pitch angle in high field (>1 T) plasma devices. A hydrogen neutral beam passing through a magnetic field perceives upsilonxB electric field, and its Balmer-alpha spectral emission is split and polarized by the linear Stark effect. The technique cannot be readily used at lower magnetic fields, due to loss of polarization fraction when lines of different polarization overlap due to line broadening which is on the order of the separation. This article describes the development of a technique to extend the capability of MSE to include lower fields (0.01 T and up) and the field magnitude as well as direction. The technique employs laser-induced fluorescence on a diagnostic neutral beam. The narrow-band laser and low energy spread neutral beam allow the observed linewidths to be significantly narrower than these observed from previously employed collisionally induced fluorescence systems. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Nova Photon Inc, Princeton, NJ USA. RP Foley, EL (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM efoley@princeton.edu NR 14 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 3462 EP 3464 DI 10.1063/1.1779616 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900025 ER PT J AU Solomon, WM Burrell, KH Gohil, P Groebner, RJ Baylor, LR AF Solomon, WM Burrell, KH Gohil, P Groebner, RJ Baylor, LR TI Extraction of poloidal velocity from charge exchange recombination spectroscopy measurements SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom AB An approach has been implemented on the DIII-D tokamak to allow the correct determination of the plasma poloidal velocity from charge exchange spectroscopy measurements. Unlike usual techniques, the need for detailed atomic physics calculations to properly interpret the results is alleviated. Instead, the needed atomic physics corrections are self-consistently determined directly from the measurements, by making use of specially chosen viewing chords. Modeling results are presented that were used to determine a set of views capable of measuring the correction terms. We present the analysis of a quiescent H-mode discharge, illustrating that significant modifications to the velocity profiles are required in these high ion temperature conditions. We also present preliminary measurements providing a direct comparison of the standard cross-section correction to the atomic physics calculations. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Solomon, WM (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM wsolomon@pppl.gov OI Solomon, Wayne/0000-0002-0902-9876 NR 3 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 3481 EP 3486 DI 10.1063/1.1790042 PN 2 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900031 ER PT J AU Seguin, FH DeCiantis, JL Frenje, JA Kurebayashi, S Li, CK Rygg, JR Chen, C Berube, V Schwartz, BE Petrasso, RD Smalyuk, VA Marshall, FJ Knauer, JP Delettrez, JA McKenty, PW Meyerhofer, DD Roberts, S Sangster, TC Mikaelian, K Park, HS AF Seguin, FH DeCiantis, JL Frenje, JA Kurebayashi, S Li, CK Rygg, JR Chen, C Berube, V Schwartz, BE Petrasso, RD Smalyuk, VA Marshall, FJ Knauer, JP Delettrez, JA McKenty, PW Meyerhofer, DD Roberts, S Sangster, TC Mikaelian, K Park, HS TI (DHe)-He-3-proton emission imaging for inertial-confinement-fusion experiments (invited) SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom ID NATIONAL-IGNITION-FACILITY; LASER-DRIVEN IMPLOSIONS; BUBBLE DETECTORS; TARGETS; CAPSULES; PLASMAS; DESIGN; SYMMETRY; OMEGA AB Proton emission imaging cameras, in combination with proton spectrometers and a proton temporal diagnostic, provide a great deal of information about the spatial structure and time evolution of inertial-confinement fusion capsule implosions. When used with (DHe)-He-3-filled capsules, multiple proton emission imaging cameras measure the spatial distribution of fusion burn, with three-dimensional information about burn symmetry. Simultaneously, multiple spectrometers measure areal density as a function of angle around the imploded capsule. Experiments at the OMEGA laser facility [T. R. Boehly , Opt. Commun. 133, 495 (1997)] have already proven the utility of this approach. An introduction to the hardware used for penumbral imaging, and algorithms used to create images of the burn region, are provided here along with simple scaling laws relating image resolution and signal-to-noise ratio to characteristics of the cameras and the burn region. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Rochester, Dept Mech Engn & Phys, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. Univ Rochester, Dept Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. RP Seguin, FH (reprint author), MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM seguin@mit.edu NR 48 TC 28 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 3520 EP 3525 DI 10.1063/1.1788892 PN 2 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900043 ER PT J AU Mackinnon, AJ Patel, PK Town, RP Edwards, MJ Phillips, T Lerner, SC Price, DW Hicks, D Key, MH Hatchett, S Wilks, SC Borghesi, M Romagnani, L Kar, S Toncian, T Pretzler, G Willi, O Koenig, M Martinolli, E Lepape, S Benuzzi-Mounaix, A Audebert, P Gauthier, JC King, J Snavely, R Freeman, RR Boehlly, T AF Mackinnon, AJ Patel, PK Town, RP Edwards, MJ Phillips, T Lerner, SC Price, DW Hicks, D Key, MH Hatchett, S Wilks, SC Borghesi, M Romagnani, L Kar, S Toncian, T Pretzler, G Willi, O Koenig, M Martinolli, E Lepape, S Benuzzi-Mounaix, A Audebert, P Gauthier, JC King, J Snavely, R Freeman, RR Boehlly, T TI Proton radiography as an electromagnetic field and density perturbation diagnostic (invited) SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom ID ION-ACCELERATION; MOIRE FRINGES; SOLID TARGETS; LASER-PULSES; PLASMA; ELECTRONS; TRANSPORT; EMISSION; BEAMS AB Laser driven proton beams have been used to diagnose transient fields and density perturbations in laser produced plasmas. Grid deflectometry techniques have been applied to proton radiography to obtain precise measurements of proton beam angles caused by electromagnetic fields in laser produced plasmas. Application of proton radiography to laser driven implosions has demonstrated that density conditions in compressed media can be diagnosed with million electron volt protons. This data has shown that proton radiography can provide unique insight into transient electromagnetic fields in super critical density plasmas and provide a density perturbation diagnostics in compressed matter. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Queens Univ Belfast, Dept Phys, Belfast, Antrim, North Ireland. Univ Dusseldorf, D-4000 Dusseldorf, Germany. Ecole Polytech, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. CEA, Bordeaux, France. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY USA. RP Mackinnon, AJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808,L-399, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM mackinnon2@LLNL.GOV RI Kar, Satyabrata/E-5220-2010; Patel, Pravesh/E-1400-2011; Koenig, Michel/A-2167-2012; Borghesi, Marco/K-2974-2012; Hicks, Damien/B-5042-2015; MacKinnon, Andrew/P-7239-2014 OI Hicks, Damien/0000-0001-8322-9983; MacKinnon, Andrew/0000-0002-4380-2906 NR 27 TC 97 Z9 98 U1 1 U2 19 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 3531 EP 3536 DI 10.1063/1.1788893 PN 2 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900045 ER PT J AU Glebov, VY Stoeckl, C Sangster, TC Roberts, S Schmid, GJ Lerche, RA Moran, MJ AF Glebov, VY Stoeckl, C Sangster, TC Roberts, S Schmid, GJ Lerche, RA Moran, MJ TI Prototypes of National Ignition Facility neutron time-of-flight detectors tested on OMEGA SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom ID DIAGNOSTICS AB Prototypes of several National Ignition Facility (NIF) neutron time-of-flight (nTOF) detectors have been built and tested on OMEGA. One group uses a plastic scintillator coupled with a microchannel plate (MCP) photomultiplier tube (PMT), either a single-stage (gain up to 10(3)) MCP PMT and a two-stage (gain up to 10(6)) MCP PMT. Two ultrafast scintillators-BC-422 and BC-422Q-were used. Another nTOF prototype is based on a synthetic diamond wafer produced by the chemical vapor deposition. The nTOF detectors were tested on DD (2.45 MeV) and DT (14.1 MeV) neutron-producing implosions on OMEGA. Based on the results of these tests, a set of nTOF detectors is proposed for use on the NIF to measure ion temperature and DD and DT neutron yields from 10(9) to 10(19). (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, 250 E River Rd, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. EM vgle@lle.rochester.edu NR 13 TC 44 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 EI 1089-7623 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 3559 EP 3562 DI 10.1063/1.1788875 PN 2 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900053 ER PT J AU Baeumel, S Werner, A Semler, R Mukherjee, S Darrow, DS Ellis, R Cecil, FE Pedrick, L Altmann, H Kiptily, V Gafert, J AF Baeumel, S Werner, A Semler, R Mukherjee, S Darrow, DS Ellis, R Cecil, FE Pedrick, L Altmann, H Kiptily, V Gafert, J CA JET-EFDA TI Scintillator probe for lost alpha measurements in JET SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom ID FUSION PRODUCTS; COLLECTOR; TFTR AB Good confinement of alpha particles in a large magnetic fusion device is a precondition for building a magnetic fusion reactor. The direct measurement of alpha particle losses is of particular interest. Appropriate diagnostics are now being prepared for the Joint European Torus tokamak: a scintillator probe and a set of Faraday cups. Both systems are capable of measuring charged fusion products and ion cyclotron resonance heating tail ions. The design of the lost alpha particle scintillator probe is in the scope of this article. It will allow the detection of particles with a gyroradius between 20 and 140 mm (15% resolution) and a pitch angle between 30degrees and 86degrees (5% resolution). As scintillating material P56 will be used. The light emitted by the scintillator caused by charged particles that pass the collimator and hit the scintillator will be detected via a set of optical lenses and a coherent image fiber bundle with a charge coupled device camera and a photomultiplier array. In the following the present design of the scintillator probe with emphasis on the performance of the system, structural resistance against plasma disruptions, and the requirements on the heat protection against plasma and neutral beam induced thermal loads will be described. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 EURATOM, Max Planck Inst Plasmaphys, D-17491 Greifswald, Germany. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Colorado Sch Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Culham Sci Ctr, EFDA JET, Abingdon OX14 3DB, Oxon, England. RP Baeumel, S (reprint author), EURATOM, Max Planck Inst Plasmaphys, Wendelsteinstr 1, D-17491 Greifswald, Germany. NR 9 TC 27 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 3563 EP 3565 DI 10.1063/1.1787916 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900054 ER PT J AU Darrow, DS Baumel, S Cecil, FE Kiptily, V Ellis, R Pedrick, L Werner, A AF Darrow, DS Baumel, S Cecil, FE Kiptily, V Ellis, R Pedrick, L Werner, A TI Design and construction of a fast ion loss Faraday cup array diagnostic for Joint European Torus SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom ID COLLECTOR AB A thin foil Faraday cup array is being built to measure the loss of 3.5 MeV alpha particles and MeV ion cyclotron heating tail ions on Joint European Torus. It will consist of nine detectors spread over five different poloidal locations and three radial positions. They will measure the poloidal distribution and radial scrape off of the losses. The detectors will be comprised of four layers of thin (2.5 mum) Ni foil, giving some resolution of the lost particle energy distribution as different ranges of energies will stop in different layers of the detector. One detector will utilize eight thinner (1.0 mum) foils to obtain a better-resolved energy distribution. These detectors will accept particles incident up to 45degrees from the normal to the foils. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Max Planck Inst Plasma Phys, D-17491 Greifswald, Germany. Colorado Sch Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA. UKAEA, Culham Lab, Abingdon OX14 3DB, Oxon, England. RP Darrow, DS (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM ddarrow@ppl.gov NR 6 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 3566 EP 3568 DI 10.1063/1.1788876 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900055 ER PT J AU Cecil, FE Darrow, DS Budny, RV AF Cecil, FE Darrow, DS Budny, RV TI Preliminary calculations of expected signal levels of a thin Faraday foil lost alpha particle diagnostic for International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom ID COLLECTOR AB Thin Faraday collectors are being considered as a diagnostic of lost alpha particles on International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER). In an effort to evaluate the viability of this diagnostic, we are undertaking a series of calculations of the signal levels (A/cm(2)) for such devices. Preliminary results assuming a model high yield ITER plasma have been obtained for locations near the outer wall assuming a toroidally symmetric vacuum vessel. We find signal levels to be a strong function of foil location and orientation. Specifically the signal level will be optimized at a vertical location 0.5 m above the machine midplane and with the normal to the foil directed in the lower, radially outward, toroidally counterclockwise octant. A foil thus oriented at a radial distance of 15 cm from the vessel wall at a height of 0.583 m above the machine midplane will have an efficiency of 3.5x10(-8)/cm(2) for alpha particles which undergo classic loss during the first ten revolutions around the torus during this model plasma. For the assumed D-T fusion power of this model plasma of 410 MW, this calculated efficiency will correspond to a measured current in the Faraday foil of 1.7 muA/cm(2). Future, more realistic calculations must incorporate the effects of an asymmetrical vessel and of toroidal field ripple. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Phys, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Cecil, FE (reprint author), Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Phys, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM fcecil@mines.edu NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 3569 EP 3571 DI 10.1063/1.1785279 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900056 ER PT J AU Grim, GP Morgan, GL Wilke, MD Gobby, PL Christensen, CR Wilson, DC AF Grim, GP Morgan, GL Wilke, MD Gobby, PL Christensen, CR Wilson, DC TI Progress on neutron pinhole imaging for inertial confinement fusion experiments SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom ID TARGETS AB Neutron imaging provides a powerful diagnostic for understanding the performance of inertial confinement fusion ignition capsules and the drive mechanism imploding them. To achieve the spatial resolution and fielding capability needed at the National Ignition Facility requires a staged approach that simultaneously pushes the limits of extant capabilities while developing new techniques that will extend to the National Ignition Facility regime. To this end, new pinhole assemblies have been designed and fabricated using very high-precision machining equipment. These assemblies have been fielded successfully at Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester and have provided impetus for new aperture designs and new ideas for detectors, which are now the limiting element in the system resolution. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Grim, GP (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM gpgrim@lanl.gov NR 6 TC 21 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 3572 EP 3574 DI 10.1063/1.1787917 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900057 ER PT J AU Schmid, GJ Koch, JA Moran, MJ Phillips, TW Glebov, VY Sangster, TC Stoeckl, C Wender, SA Morse, EC AF Schmid, GJ Koch, JA Moran, MJ Phillips, TW Glebov, VY Sangster, TC Stoeckl, C Wender, SA Morse, EC TI Calibration of National Ignition Facility neutron detectors in the energy range E < 14 MeV SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom ID CVD DIAMOND AB We examine various options for calibration of the National Ignition Facility neutron detectors in the energy range E<14 MeV. These options include: downscatter of D-T fusion neutrons using plastic targets; nuclear reactions at a Tandem Van de Graaf accelerator; and "white" neutrons from a pulsed spallation source. As an example of the pulsed spallation option, we present calibration data that was recently acquired with a single crystal chemical vapor deposition diamond detector at the Weapons Neutron Research Facility at Los Alamos National Laboratory. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Schmid, GJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM schmid3@llnl.gov NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 3589 EP 3591 DI 10.1063/1.1779614 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900062 ER PT J AU Moran, M Haan, S Hatchett, S Koch, J Barrera, C Morse, E AF Moran, M Haan, S Hatchett, S Koch, J Barrera, C Morse, E TI Downscattered neutron imaging SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom ID FUSION AB Images with 14 MeV neutrons of inertial confinement fusion (ICF) D,T fusion show the regions of most intense fusion burn, while images based on lower-energy "downscattered" neutrons can reveal regions of nonburning D,T fuel. The downscattered images can help to understand ICF implosion dynamics. Recording downscattered images is difficult because the images are relatively weak, and because they may be obscured by residual "afterglow" of more intense 14 MeV images. The effect of afterglow can be estimated by adding a sequence of images for neutron energies from 14 MeV down to the downscatteed energy of interest. The images will be subject to decay factors which depend on the time response of the neutron scintillator. Preliminary analyses suggest that afterglow will not prevent the recording of useful downscattered images. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Nucl Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Moran, M (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM moran3@llnl.gov NR 4 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 3592 EP 3594 DI 10.1063/1.1788854 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900063 ER PT J AU Ruggles, LE Porter, JL Simpson, WW Vargas, MF Zagar, DM Hartke, R Buersgens, F Symes, DR Ditmire, T AF Ruggles, LE Porter, JL Simpson, WW Vargas, MF Zagar, DM Hartke, R Buersgens, F Symes, DR Ditmire, T TI High sensitivity neutron detector for Z SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom ID TIME-OF-FLIGHT; FUSION AB We have developed, calibrated, and tested a high sensitivity neutron detector that can be operated in the harsh x-ray bremsstrahlung environment that exists in experiments conducted on the 20 MA Z z-pinch facility located at Sandia National Laboratories in Albuquerque, New Mexico. The detector uses a scintillator coupled to a microchannel-plate photomultiplier tube detector and extensive x-ray shielding. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Ruggles, LE (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM leruggl@sandia.gov NR 7 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 3595 EP 3597 DI 10.1063/1.1789599 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900064 ER PT J AU Zweben, SJ Darrow, DS Ross, PW Lowrance, JL Renda, G AF Zweben, SJ Darrow, DS Ross, PW Lowrance, JL Renda, G TI Measurement of the internal magnetic field of plasmas using an alpha particle source SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom ID TOKAMAK AB The internal magnetic fields of plasmas can be measured under certain conditions from the integrated vxB deflection of MeV alpha particles emitted by a small radioactive source. The alpha source and large-area alpha particle detector would be located inside the vacuum vessel but outside the plasma. Alphas with a typical energy of 5.5 MeV (Am-241) can reach the center of almost all laboratory plasmas and magnetic fusion devices, so this method can potentially determine the q(r) profile of tokamaks or spherical toris (STs). Orbit calculations, background evaluations, and conceptual designs for such alpha vxB (or "AVB") detector are described. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. Princeton Sci Instruments Inc, Monmouth Jct, NJ 08852 USA. RP Zweben, SJ (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. EM szweben@pppl.gov NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 3610 EP 3612 DI 10.1063/1.1779610 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900069 ER PT J AU Medley, SS Roquemore, AL AF Medley, SS Roquemore, AL TI Neutral particle analyzer diagnostic on the National Spherical Torus Experiment SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom ID EXPERIMENT NSTX; LONG-PULSE; HIGH-BETA; PLASMAS; SCENARIOS AB The neutral particle analyzer (NPA) diagnostic on the National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX) utilizes a PPPL-designed EIIB spectrometer that measures the energy spectra of minority hydrogen and bulk deuterium species simultaneously with 39 energy channels per mass specie and a time resolution of 1 ms. The calibrated energy range is E=0.5-150 keV and the energy resolution varies from DeltaE/E=3%-7% over the surface of the microchannel plate detector. The NPA measures Maxwellian spectra of residual hydrogen to obtain ion temperatures and measures the energetic ion spectra produced by injection of up to 100 keV deuterium neutral beams into deuterium plasmas. The NPA views across the coinjection paths of the three neutral beam sources on NSTX which localizes the measured charge exchange effux to the intersection region. The incorporation of horizontal scanning for the NPA over a sightline tangency range of R-tan=125--75 cm has enabled measurement of the anisotropic energy distribution of the beam ions. Vertical scanning allows measurements to be made from the horizontal midplane through an angle of 26degrees downward. A description of the NPA diagnostic on NSTX will be presented along with illustrations of measurement capability. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Medley, SS (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM medley@pppl.gov NR 13 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 3625 EP 3627 DI 10.1063/1.1788859 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900074 ER PT J AU Shinohara, K Darrow, DS Roquemore, AL Medley, SS Cecil, FE AF Shinohara, K Darrow, DS Roquemore, AL Medley, SS Cecil, FE TI Solid state neutral particle analyzer array on National Spherical Torus Experiment SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom ID CALIBRATION; DETECTOR; TOKAMAK AB A solid state neutral particle analyzer array has been installed on the National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX). The array consists of four chords viewing through a common vacuum flange. The tangency radii of the viewing chords are 60, 90, 100, and 120 cm. They view across the three co-injection neutral beam lines [deuterium, 80 keV (typically) with tangency radii 48.7, 59.2, and 69.4 cm] on NSTX and detect co-going energetic ions. A silicon photodiode was calibrated by using a monoenergetic deuteron beam source. Deuterons with energy above 40 keV can be detected with the present setup. The degradation of the performance was also investigated. Lead shot and epoxy are used for neutron shielding to reduce handling any hazardous heavy metal. This method also enables us to make an arbitrary shape to be fit into the complex flight tube. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Naka, Ibaraki 3110193, Japan. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Colorado Sch Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Shinohara, K (reprint author), Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Naka, Ibaraki 3110193, Japan. NR 9 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 3640 EP 3642 DI 10.1063/1.1785266 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900079 ER PT J AU Nishiura, M Isobe, M Saida, T Sasao, M Darrow, DS AF Nishiura, M Isobe, M Saida, T Sasao, M Darrow, DS TI Scintillator probe diagnostic for high energy particles escaped from Large Helical Device SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom AB A scintillator probe for escaping fast ion diagnostics has been developed in the Large Helical Device. This probe is capable of traveling across a divertor leg and sweeping the aperture angle rotationally with respect to the axis of the probe shaft. Pitch angle and gyro radius resolutions are estimated numerically by using a Monte Carlo orbit simulation. The result shows that the detector has sufficient resolution in pitch angle and gyro radius for our target plasmas. Under the neutral beam injected plasma, a signal derived from fast ions was obtained on the scintillator plate and analyzed by using the recorded camera image. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Natl Inst Nat Sci, Natl Inst Fus Sci, Gifu 5095292, Japan. Tohoku Univ, Aoba Ku, Sendai, Miyagi 9808579, Japan. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Nishiura, M (reprint author), Natl Inst Nat Sci, Natl Inst Fus Sci, 322-6 Oroshi, Gifu 5095292, Japan. EM nishiura@nifs.ac.jp NR 4 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 3646 EP 3648 DI 10.1063/1.1779606 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900081 ER PT J AU Hoarty, DJ Smith, CC Clark, EL Foster, JM Gales, SG Magelssen, G Workman, J Wood, WM Caldwell, S Chrien, R Sandoval, J Sedillo, T Walsh, P Carpenter, B Compton, S Perry, T AF Hoarty, DJ Smith, CC Clark, EL Foster, JM Gales, SG Magelssen, G Workman, J Wood, WM Caldwell, S Chrien, R Sandoval, J Sedillo, T Walsh, P Carpenter, B Compton, S Perry, T TI Fluorescence spectroscopy as a diagnostic of the radiation environment in high energy density experiments (invited) SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom ID IONIZATION; PLASMAS AB A fluorescence spectroscopy technique has been developed to measure conditions in high energy density (HED) experiments. The experimental technique and modeling of the spectra are described and results of fluorescence measurements are presented. Fluorescence spectra were measured from an aluminium microdot over a small hole in the wall of an experimental package or a hohlraum. The aluminium was photopumped from a broadband radiation source, without perturbing the temperature. To date, fluorescence spectroscopy has been used to diagnose the radiative heating of plasmas in the temperature range 20-80 eV. Fluorescence spectroscopy has several advantages over x-ray absorption and self-emission spectroscopy in the diagnosis of HED experiments and these are discussed in the article. Extension of the technique to higher temperature plasma is discussed. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 AWE Plasma Phys Dept, Reading RG7 4PR, Berks, England. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Hoarty, DJ (reprint author), AWE Plasma Phys Dept, Reading RG7 4PR, Berks, England. EM david.hoarty@awe.co.uk RI Perry, Theodore/K-3333-2014 OI Perry, Theodore/0000-0002-8832-2033 NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 3655 EP 3659 DI 10.1063/1.1785268 PN 2 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900084 ER PT J AU Bitter, M Hill, KW Stratton, B Roquemore, AL Mastrovito, D Lee, SG Bak, JG Moon, MK Nam, UW Smith, G Rice, JE Beiersdorfer, P Fraenkel, BS AF Bitter, M Hill, KW Stratton, B Roquemore, AL Mastrovito, D Lee, SG Bak, JG Moon, MK Nam, UW Smith, G Rice, JE Beiersdorfer, P Fraenkel, BS TI Spatially resolved spectra from a new x-ray imaging crystal spectrometer for measurements of ion and electron temperature profiles (invited) SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom ID SPHERICAL TORUS EXPERIMENT; HIGH-RESOLUTION; LINES AB A new type of high-resolution x-ray imaging crystal spectrometer is being developed to measure ion and electron temperature profiles in tokamak plasmas. The instrument is particularly valuable for diagnosing plasmas with purely ohmic heating and rf heating, since it does not require the injection of a neutral beam-although it can also be used for the diagnosis of neutral-beam heated plasmas. The spectrometer consists of a spherically bent quartz crystal and a two-dimensional position-sensitive detector. It records spectra of helium-like argon (or krypton) from multiple sightlines through the plasma and projects a de-magnified image of a large plasma cross section onto the detector. The spatial resolution in the plasma is solely determined by the height of the crystal, its radius of curvature, and the Bragg angle. This new x-ray imaging crystal spectrometer may also be of interest for the diagnosis of ion temperature profiles in future large tokamaks, the Korea Superconducting Tokamak Advanced Research tokamak and the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor, where the application of the presently used charge-exchange spectroscopy will be difficult, if the neutral beams do not penetrate to the plasma center. The article presents the results from proof-of-principle experiments performed with a prototype instrument at Alcator C-Mod. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Korea Basic Sci Inst, Taejon 305333, South Korea. Korea Atom Energy Res Inst, Taejon, South Korea. Korea Astron Observ, Taejon 305348, South Korea. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel. RP Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM bitter@pppl.gov NR 16 TC 48 Z9 61 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 EI 1089-7623 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 3660 EP 3665 DI 10.1063/1.1791747 PN 2 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900085 ER PT J AU Sinars, DB Bennett, GR Wenger, DF Cuneo, ME Hanson, DL Porter, JL Adams, RG Rambo, PK Rovang, DC Smith, IC AF Sinars, DB Bennett, GR Wenger, DF Cuneo, ME Hanson, DL Porter, JL Adams, RG Rambo, PK Rovang, DC Smith, IC TI Monochromatic x-ray imaging experiments on the Sandia National Laboratories Z facility (invited) SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom ID INERTIAL CONFINEMENT FUSION; MICROSCOPY TECHNIQUES; RADIATION SYMMETRY; HOHLRAUMS; CRYSTALS AB The Z facility is a 20 MA, 100 ns rise time, pulsed power driver for z-pinch plasma radiation sources. The Z facility can make >200 TW, 1-2 MJ, near-blackbody radiation sources through the compression of cylindrical wire arrays. These sources are being used as drivers to study inertial-confinement fusion capsule implosions, complex radiation-hydrodynamic jet experiments, and wire-array z-pinch physics tests. To backlight plasmas in this environment we have built diagnostics based on spherically bent crystals that provide high spatial resolution (9-10 mum), a narrow spectral bandpass (<0.5 eV), and a large field of view (4 mmx20 mm). These diagnostics use the 2 TW, multi-kJ Z-Beamlet laser to produce x-ray emission sources at 1.865 or 6.151 keV for backlighting. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM dbsinar@sandia.gov NR 21 TC 65 Z9 79 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 EI 1089-7623 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 3672 EP 3677 DI 10.1063/1.1779607 PN 2 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900087 ER PT J AU Chen, H Beiersdorfer, P Baronova, EO Kalashnikova, II Stepanenko, MM AF Chen, H Beiersdorfer, P Baronova, EO Kalashnikova, II Stepanenko, MM TI Testing LaMgAl11O19 crystal for x-ray spectroscopy SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom ID BEAM ION-TRAP; SPECTROMETER AB We investigated the properties of the rare earth crystal LaMgAl11O19 and its application to soft x-ray spectroscopy. Its relative reflectivity and half-width rocking curve were measured to up to the reflection order of 28. In addition, a comparative measurement of the iron L-shell soft x-ray line emission was made on the EBIT-I Livermore electron beam ion trap by fielding the LaMgAl11O19 crystal side by side with a rubidium hydrogen phthalate crystal in a flat crystal spectrometer. From these measurements, reflectivity and spectral resolving power were determined. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RRC Kurchatov Inst, Moscow, Russia. RP Chen, H (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM chen33@llnl.gov NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 3678 EP 3680 DI 10.1063/1.1785269 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900088 ER PT J AU Nash, TJ Sanford, TWL Leeper, RJ Chandler, GA Bailey, JE Mehlhorn, TA Deeney, CD Seaman, JF McGurn, J Torres, JA Jobe, DO Mock, RC Gilliland, T Nielsen, DS Lucas, J Moore, T AF Nash, TJ Sanford, TWL Leeper, RJ Chandler, GA Bailey, JE Mehlhorn, TA Deeney, CD Seaman, JF McGurn, J Torres, JA Jobe, DO Mock, RC Gilliland, T Nielsen, DS Lucas, J Moore, T TI Bottom axial diagnostic package on Z SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom ID POWER AB A bottom axial diagnostic package has recently been developed and fielded on the 100 ns, 20 MA pinch-driver Z. The bottom package was developed to measure the power radiated to the bottom of Z and compare it to the power radiated to the top of Z on dynamic hohlraum pinch loads. When an up/down power asymmetry was measured, the bottom package was expanded in an effort to determine the source of the asymmetry. The bottom package contains one port directly on axis, six ports at 3.4degrees to the axis, and four ports at 9degrees to the axis. Typical diagnostics fielded on the bottom package are a time-resolved pinhole camera, time-integrated spatially resolved convex crystal spectrometers, a time-resolved crystal spectrometer, x-ray diodes, bolometers, and photoconducting detectors. We will present some typical data from these bottom diagnostics on dynamic hohlraum shots on Z and briefly discuss their relevance to the up/down power asymmetry. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Nash, TJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM tjnash@sandia.gov NR 12 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 3684 EP 3686 DI 10.1063/1.1779608 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900090 ER PT J AU Dunham, G Rochau, GA Lake, P Nielsen-Weber, L Schuster, D AF Dunham, G Rochau, GA Lake, P Nielsen-Weber, L Schuster, D TI Measurements of the counting statistics on RAR-2497 and DEF x-ray film SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom ID PHOTOGRAPHIC FILMS; MODELS AB X-ray film is commonly used to diagnose high temperature plasmas. Quantitative analysis of the recorded film exposure requires knowledge of the counting statistics inherent to each particular film type. To address this issue, RAR-2497 and DEF film were exposed on a Manson x-ray source for multiple fluence values and photon energies. The fluctuations in the measured intensity were found by determining the statistical distribution of the recorded photon intensity using Henke's calibration tables to relate the net film density to the incident intensity. The resulting measurements of the statistical fluctuations in photon intensity are presented for each film type. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Dunham, G (reprint author), Ktech Corp Inc, 1300 Eubank Blvd SE, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. EM gsdunha@sandia.gov NR 6 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 3687 EP 3689 DI 10.1063/1.1788865 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900091 ER PT J AU Lake, PW Bailey, JE Rochau, GA Moore, TC Petmecky, D Gard, P AF Lake, PW Bailey, JE Rochau, GA Moore, TC Petmecky, D Gard, P TI Time- and space-resolved elliptical crystal spectrometers for high energy density physics research SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom ID X-RAY SPECTROSCOPY; DRIVEN IMPLOSIONS; REGION; SHELL AB X-ray spectrometers used in high energy density plasma experiments must provide high time, space, and spectral resolution while overcoming the difficulties imposed by x-ray background, debris, and mechanical shocks. At the Z facility these problems are addressed using a suite of elliptical crystal spectrometers. The elliptical geometry isolates the detector from the line of sight with a slit placed at the elliptical focus, while the sensitivity enables locating the crystal 2-4 m from the plasma source. Space and time resolution are obtained by using an array of slits to project one dimensional plasma images onto the crystal and recording the spectrally dispersed images with a gated microchannel plate detector. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. K Tech Corp, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. TMI Inc, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Lake, PW (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM jebaile@sandia.gov NR 13 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 3690 EP 3692 DI 10.1063/1.1788866 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900092 ER PT J AU Lee, SG Bak, JG Bitter, M Hill, K Nam, UW Kim, YJ Moon, MK AF Lee, SG Bak, JG Bitter, M Hill, K Nam, UW Kim, YJ Moon, MK TI Research and development of x-ray imaging crystal spectrometers for KSTAR SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom AB The engineering design for two high-resolution x-ray imaging crystal spectrometers for KSTAR tokamak has been completed. A spherically bent quartz crystal and a large area two-dimensional (2D) position-sensitive multiwire proportional counter have been selected for the imaging spectrometers. A prototype 10 cm by 30 cm 2D detector was fabricated and pilot measurement on Alcator C-Mod tokamak was carried out. The final engineering design of the spectrometers and experimental results from the 2D detector are presented. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Korea Basic Sci Inst, Taejon 305333, South Korea. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Korea Astron Observ, Taejon 305333, South Korea. Korea Atom Energy Res Inst, Taejon 305333, South Korea. RP Lee, SG (reprint author), Korea Basic Sci Inst, Taejon 305333, South Korea. EM sglee@kbsi.re.kr NR 3 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 3693 EP 3695 DI 10.1063/1.1785270 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900093 ER PT J AU Chandler, KM Shlyaptseva, AS Ouart, ND Hansen, SB Mitchell, MD Pikuz, SA Shelkovenko, TA Hammer, DA Kantsyrev, VL Fedin, DA AF Chandler, KM Shlyaptseva, AS Ouart, ND Hansen, SB Mitchell, MD Pikuz, SA Shelkovenko, TA Hammer, DA Kantsyrev, VL Fedin, DA TI Spectroscopic analysis of x-ray bursts from nichrome and conichrome X-pinch plasmas SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom AB Radiative properties of plasmas from X pinches with nichrome and conichrome wires have been studied using the presented diagnostic arrangement. The experimental results have been produced at the Cornell XP facility with a peak current of 450 kA and a full width at half maximum pulse duration of 100 ns. The spatially resolved, time-integrated x-ray line spectra from the region of the X-pinch cross point have been recorded using different crystal spectrometers. In particular, K-shell and L-shell x-ray spectra of Ni and Cr have been recorded through different filters in the same pulses for X pinches from two different wire alloys. A nonlocal thermodynamic equilibrium collisional-radiative atomic kinetic model of Ni has been developed to identify the useful diagnostic spectroscopic features and to model experimental spectra. The results of the modeling and radiative properties of different materials from nichrome and conichrome alloys are compared and discussed. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Cornell Univ, Plasma Studies Lab, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. PN Lebedev Phys Inst, Moscow 119991, Russia. RP Chandler, KM (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Plasma Studies Lab, 369 Upson Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM alla@physics.unr.edu RI Pikuz, Sergey/M-8231-2015; Shelkovenko, Tatiana/M-8254-2015 NR 8 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 3702 EP 3704 DI 10.1063/1.1785272 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900096 ER PT J AU Stoeckl, C Theobald, W Sangster, TC Key, MH Patel, P Zhang, BB Clarke, R Karsch, S Norreys, P AF Stoeckl, C Theobald, W Sangster, TC Key, MH Patel, P Zhang, BB Clarke, R Karsch, S Norreys, P TI Operation of a single-photon-counting x-ray charge-coupled device camera spectrometer in a petawatt environment SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom ID ASTRO-E; CCD AB The use of a single-photon-counting x-ray charge-coupled device (CCD) camera as an x-ray spectrometer is a well-established technique in ultrashort-pulse laser experiments. In single-photon-counting mode, the pixel value of each readout pixel is proportional to the energy deposited from the incident x-ray photon. For photons below 100 keV, a significant fraction of the events deposits all the energy in a single pixel. A histogram of the pixel readout values gives a good approximation of the x-ray spectrum. This technique requires almost no alignment, but it is very sensitive to signal-to-background issues, especially in a high-energy petawatt environment. Shielding the direct line of sight to the target was not sufficient to obtain a high-quality spectrum, for the experiments reported here the CCD camera had to be shielded from all sides with up to 10 cm of lead. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. RP Stoeckl, C (reprint author), Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, 250 E River Rd, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. EM csto@lle.rochester.edu RI Patel, Pravesh/E-1400-2011 NR 7 TC 35 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 3705 EP 3707 DI 10.1063/1.1788867 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900097 ER PT J AU Robbins, DL Chen, H Beiersdorfer, P Faenov, AY Pikuz, TA May, MJ Dunn, J Smith, AJ AF Robbins, DL Chen, H Beiersdorfer, P Faenov, AY Pikuz, TA May, MJ Dunn, J Smith, AJ TI High-resolution compact Johann crystal spectrometer with the Livermore electron beam ion trap SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom ID X-RAY SPECTROMETER; LABORATORY MEASUREMENTS; POLARIZATION; EMISSION; LINE; BREMSSTRAHLUNG AB A compact high-resolution (lambda/Deltalambdaapproximate to10 000) spherically bent crystal spectrometer in the Johann geometry was recently installed and tested on the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory SuperEBIT electron beam ion trap. The curvature of the mica (002) crystal grating allows for higher collection efficiency compared to the flat and cylindrically bent crystal spectrometers commonly used on the Livermore electron beam ion traps. The spectrometer's Johann configuration enables orientation of its dispersion plane to be parallel to the electron beam propagation. Used in concert with a crystal spectrometer, whose dispersion plane is perpendicular to the electron beam propagation, the polarization of x-ray emission lines can be measured. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Morehouse Coll, Dept Phys, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. VNIIFTRI, Multicharged Ions Spectra Data Ctr, Mendeleyevsk 141570, Moscow Region, Russia. RP Robbins, DL (reprint author), Morehouse Coll, Dept Phys, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA. NR 18 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 3717 EP 3719 DI 10.1063/1.1781753 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900101 ER PT J AU Beiersdorfer, P Brown, GV Goddard, R Wargelin, BJ AF Beiersdorfer, P Brown, GV Goddard, R Wargelin, BJ TI High-resolution crystal spectrometer for the 10-60 angstrom extreme ultraviolet region SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom ID ELECTRON-BEAM ION; X-RAY SPECTROMETER; TRAP; SPECTROSCOPY; EBIT AB A vacuum crystal spectrometer with nominal resolving power approaching 1000 is described for measuring emission lines with wavelength in the extreme ultraviolet region up to 60 Angstrom. The instrument utilizes a flat octadecyl hydrogen maleate crystal and a thin-window 1D position-sensitive gas proportional detector. This detector employs a 1-mum-thick 100x8 mm(2) aluminized polyimide window and operates at one atmosphere pressure. The spectrometer has been implemented on the Livermore electron beam ion traps. The performance of the instrument is illustrated in measurements of the newly discovered magnetic field-sensitive line in Ar8+. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Beiersdorfer, P (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 19 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 3720 EP 3722 DI 10.1063/1.1781754 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900102 ER PT J AU Beiersdorfer, P Magee, EW Trabert, E Chen, H Lepson, JK Gu, MF Schmidt, M AF Beiersdorfer, P Magee, EW Trabert, E Chen, H Lepson, JK Gu, MF Schmidt, M TI Flat-field grating spectrometer for high-resolution soft x-ray and extreme ultraviolet measurements on an electron beam ion trap SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom ID CHARGED IONS; XMM-NEWTON; SPECTROSCOPY; CHANDRA; LINES; POLARIZATION; EMISSION; SPECTRA; HR-1099; REGION AB A R=44.3 m grazing-incidence grating spectrometer has been implemented on the Livermore electron beam ion traps for high-resolution measurements in the soft x-ray and extreme ultraviolet region spanning from below 10 up to 50 Angstrom. The instrument uses a grating with variable line spacing (about 2400 l/mm for a flat field of view. Spectra are recorded with a back-illuminated charge-coupled device detector. The new instrument greatly improves upon the resolution achieved with existing grating spectrometers and complements crystal spectrometers at the shorter wavelengths both in terms of wavelength coverage and polarization independent reflectivity response. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Stanford Univ, Palo Alto, CA 94305 USA. Tech Univ Dresden, D-8027 Dresden, Germany. RP Beiersdorfer, P (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM beiersdorfer@llnl.gov NR 30 TC 60 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 3723 EP 3726 DI 10.1063/1.1779609 PN 2 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900103 ER PT J AU May, M Heeter, R Emig, J AF May, M Heeter, R Emig, J TI Convex crystal x-ray spectrometer for laser plasma experiments SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom AB Measuring time and space-resolved spectra is important for understanding Hohlraum and Halfraum plasmas. Experiments at the OMEGA laser have used the Nova TSPEC which was not optimized for the OMEGA diagnostic space envelope or for the needed spectroscopic coverage and resolution. An improved multipurpose spectrometer snout, the MSPEC, has been constructed and fielded on OMEGA. The MSPEC provides the maximal internal volume for mounting crystals without any beam interferences at either 2x or 3x magnification. The RAP crystal is in a convex mounting geometry bent to a 20 cm radius of curvature. The spectral resolution, E/dE, is about 200 at 2.5 keV. The spectral coverage is 2 to 4.5 keV. The MSPEC can record four separate spectra on the framing camera at time intervals of up to several ns. The spectrometer design and initial field-test performance will be presented and compared to that of the TSPEC. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM may13@llnl.gov NR 11 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 EI 1089-7623 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 3740 EP 3742 DI 10.1063/1.1781374 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900108 ER PT J AU Pak, A Gregori, G Knight, J Campbell, K Price, D Hammel, B Landen, OL Glenzer, SH AF Pak, A Gregori, G Knight, J Campbell, K Price, D Hammel, B Landen, OL Glenzer, SH TI X-ray line measurements with high efficiency Bragg crystals SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom ID SCATTERING AB We have studied the focusing properties of two highly oriented pyrolitic graphite (HOPG) spectrometers, which differ in the degree of the mosaic spread: ZYA with a low mosaic spread (gamma=0.4degrees) and ZYH with a large mosaic spread (gamma=3.5degrees). In order to asses the crystal performance for a variety of different experiments, various Kalpha and Kbeta x-ray lines have been produced using a high-intensity (greater than or similar to10(17) W/cm(2)) short-pulse (similar to100 fs) laser beam focused onto Ti, V, Zn, and Cu foils. The measured spectral resolution of the HOPG crystals in both first and second order diffraction has been compared with theoretical predictions. Using known values for the peak reflectivity of HOPG crystals, we have also computed Kalpha x-ray conversion efficiencies of Ti, V, Zn, and Cu. These results are important to estimate the optimal conditions under which different types of HOPG monochromators can be used for the detection of weak x-ray signals as the one encountered in x-ray Thomson/Compton scattering experiments. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Pak, A (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 5508, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM gregori1@llnl.gov NR 10 TC 65 Z9 65 U1 0 U2 15 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 3747 EP 3749 DI 10.1063/1.1788870 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900110 ER PT J AU Shlyaptseva, A Fedin, D Hamasha, S Harris, C Kantsyrev, V Neill, P Ouart, N Safronova, UI Beiersdorfer, P Boyce, K Brown, GV Kelley, R Kilbourne, CA Porter, FS AF Shlyaptseva, A Fedin, D Hamasha, S Harris, C Kantsyrev, V Neill, P Ouart, N Safronova, UI Beiersdorfer, P Boyce, K Brown, GV Kelley, R Kilbourne, CA Porter, FS TI Development of M-shell x-ray spectroscopy and spectropolarimetry of z-pinch tungsten plasmas SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom ID ELECTRON-BEAM; IONS AB The development of spectroscopic modeling of M-shell tungsten z-pinch plasma is presented. The spectral region from 3.5 to 6.5 Angstrom includes three distinct groups of transitions, and the best candidates for M-shell diagnostics are identified. Theoretical modeling is benchmarked with LLNL electron beam ion trap data produced at different energies of the electron beam and recorded by crystal spectrometers and a broadband microcalorimeter. A new high temperature plasma diagnostic tool, x-ray spectropolarimetry, is proposed to study polarization of W line emission and is illustrated using the results of x-pinch polarization-sensitive experiments. The x-ray line polarization of the prominent M-shell tungsten lines is calculated, and polarization markers are identified. The advantage of using x-pinch W wire experiments for the development of M-shell diagnostics is shown. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Nevada, Reno, NV 89557 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20770 USA. RP Shlyaptseva, A (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Reno, NV 89557 USA. RI Porter, Frederick/D-3501-2012; Kelley, Richard/K-4474-2012 OI Porter, Frederick/0000-0002-6374-1119; NR 8 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 3750 EP 3752 DI 10.1063/1.1781757 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900111 ER PT J AU McDonald, JW Kauffman, RL Celeste, JR Rhodes, MA Lee, FD Suter, LJ Lee, AP Foster, JM Slark, G AF McDonald, JW Kauffman, RL Celeste, JR Rhodes, MA Lee, FD Suter, LJ Lee, AP Foster, JM Slark, G TI Filter-fluorescer diagnostic system for the National Ignition Facility SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom AB An early filter-fluorescer diagnostic system is being fielded at the National Ignition Facility (NIF) at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) to measure the amount of hard x rays (20200 TW,2 MJ, x-ray pulses. The streak camera is used to measure with one dimension of spatial resolution the continuous time history of sub-kilo-electron-volts emission from z-pinch and radiation flow experiments. Radiation >1 keV is eliminated by the use of a grazing-incidence mirror and transmission filters. The diagnostic has a magnification of 1.22, a 20 mm field-of-view and a spatial resolution of similar to350 mum. The recording length of the instrument is variable in duration up to a maximum of 33 ns, making it well suited for the typical 100 ns Z pinch implosion times. The spatial resolution can readily be changed to be along either the axial or the radial direction. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Wenger, DF (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,MS 1193, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM dfwenge@sandia.gov NR 11 TC 8 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 3983 EP 3985 DI 10.1063/1.1787933 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900180 ER PT J AU Montgomery, DS Nobile, A Walsh, PJ AF Montgomery, DS Nobile, A Walsh, PJ TI Characterization of National Ignitition Facility cryogenic beryllium capsules using x-ray phase contrast imaging SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom AB Beryllium capsules filled with cryogenic deuterium and tritium fuel layers may provide many advantages for obtaining ignition at the National Ignition Facility. However, characterizing the uniformity and thickness of the frozen fuel layer in such a target is challenging since traditional x-ray radiography techniques, which rely on absorption for image contrast, cannot provide sufficient contrast to image the fuel layer in these low-Z materials. We propose using x-ray phase contrast imaging, which relies on gradients in the refractive index and wave interference, to characterize fuel layer uniformity. We present numerical modeling results of x-ray phase contrast imaging demonstrating the feasibility of this method for target characterization, discuss the necessary x-ray source characteristics, and present concepts for using this technique in the context of dynamic high density plasma experiments. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Montgomery, DS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663,MS E526, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM montgomery@lanl.gov NR 7 TC 46 Z9 51 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 3986 EP 3988 DI 10.1063/1.1790054 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900181 ER PT J AU Blue, BE Hansen, JF Robey, HF AF Blue, BE Hansen, JF Robey, HF TI Improved pinhole-apertured point-projection backlighter geometry SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom AB Pinhole-apertured point-projection x-ray radiography is an important diagnostic technique for obtaining high resolution, high contrast, and large field-of-view images used to diagnose the hydrodynamic evolution of high energy density experiments. In this technique, a pinhole aperture is placed between a laser irradiated foil (x-ray source) and an imaging detector. Future high energy density experiments that utilize more opaque materials will require backlighters with improved contrast as compared to what is currently used. In this article, we present an improved backlighter geometry that utilizes a tilted pinhole for debris mitigation and a front-side illuminated backlighter foil for improved photon statistics. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Blue, BE (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM blue3@llnl.gov NR 7 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 3989 EP 3991 DI 10.1063/1.1787936 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900182 ER PT J AU Lowry, ME Bennett, CV Vernon, SP Stewart, R Welty, RJ Heebner, J Landen, OL Bell, PM AF Lowry, ME Bennett, CV Vernon, SP Stewart, R Welty, RJ Heebner, J Landen, OL Bell, PM TI X-ray detection by direct modulation of an optical probe beam - Radsensor: Progress on development for imaging applications SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom ID MULTIPLE-QUANTUM WELLS; GAAS AB We present a progress report on our new x-ray detection technique based on optical measurement of the effects of x-ray absorption and electron hole pair creation in a direct band-gap semiconductor. The electron-hole pairs create a frequency dependent shift in optical refractive index and absorption. This is sensed by simultaneously directing an optical probe beam through the same volume of semiconducting medium that has experienced an x-ray induced modulation in the electron-hole population. If the wavelength of the optical probe beam is close to the semiconductor band-edge, the optical probe will be modulated significantly in phase and amplitude. We have analyzed the physics of the imaging radsensor, developed modeling tools for device design, and are cautiously optimistic that we will achieve single x-ray photon sensitivity, and picosecond response. These predictions will be tested with Cu Kalpha xrays at the LLNL USP facility this spring and summer, with a cavity-based radsensor detector suitable for use in x-ray imagers. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Lowry, ME (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM Lowry3@llnl.gov RI Heebner, John/C-2411-2009; Bennett, Corey/C-2403-2009 OI Bennett, Corey/0000-0003-4365-5739 NR 7 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 3995 EP 3997 DI 10.1063/1.1790055 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900184 ER PT J AU Delgado-Aparicio, LF Stutman, D Tritz, K Finkenthal, M Kaita, R Roquemore, L Johnson, D Majeski, R AF Delgado-Aparicio, LF Stutman, D Tritz, K Finkenthal, M Kaita, R Roquemore, L Johnson, D Majeski, R TI "Optical" soft x-ray arrays for fluctuation diagnostics in magnetic fusion energy experiments SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom ID SPHERICAL TORUS AB We are developing large pixel count, fast (greater than or equal to100 kHz) and continuously sampling soft x-ray (SXR) array for the diagnosis of magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) and turbulent fluctuations in magnetic fusion energy plasmas. The arrays are based on efficient scintillators, high thoughput multiclad fiber optics, and multichannel light amplification and integration. Compared to conventional x-ray diode arrays, such systems can provide vastly increased spatial coverage, and access to difficult locations with small neutron noise and damage. An eight-channel array has been built using columnar CsI:Tl as an SXR converter and a multianode photomultiplier tube as photoamplifier. The overall system efficiency is measured using laboratory SXR sources, while the time response and signal-to-noise performance have been evaluated by recording MHD activity from the spherical tori (ST) Current Drive Experiment-Upgrade and National Spherical Torus Experiment, both at Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Plasma Spect Grp, Bloomberg Ctr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Delgado-Aparicio, LF (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Plasma Spect Grp, Bloomberg Ctr, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. EM delgapa@pha.jhu.edu RI Stutman, Dan/P-4048-2015 NR 6 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 4020 EP 4022 DI 10.1063/1.1787902 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900192 ER PT J AU Failor, BH Qi, N Levine, JS Sze, H Gullickson, EM AF Failor, BH Qi, N Levine, JS Sze, H Gullickson, EM TI Soft x-ray (0.2 < E < 2.0 keV) imager for z-pinch plasma radiation sources SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom ID GAS DISTRIBUTIONS; INTERFEROMETER; SPECTROMETER; NOZZLES AB Z-pinches can produce intense fluxes of argon K-shell (3 keV) radiation, but typically only a fraction of the load mass near the axis of the pinch radiates in this spectral range. The majority of the mass does not get hot or dense enough to radiate efficiently in the K-shell. We have designed, built, and tested an instrument to image pinch emission, specifically the radial emission profile, at energies below the K-shell in order to track the location of the cooler mass. A gold mirror provides a high-energy cut-off at 2 keV while a transmission grating disperses the incoming radiation and provides a low-energy cutoff at 0.1 keV. A vertical slit images the pinch radiation in the radial direction and the emission profile is recorded with either an extreme ultraviolet-sensitive charge-coupled device camera (time-integrated) or a linear photodiode array (similar to1 ns time resolution). We present results for the mirror, grating, and system characterization obtained at the Advanced Light Source synchrotron located at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley, CA). (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Titan Corp, Pulse Sci Div, San Leandro, CA 94577 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Failor, BH (reprint author), Titan Corp, Pulse Sci Div, 2700 Merced St, San Leandro, CA 94577 USA. EM bfailor@titan.com NR 11 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 4026 EP 4028 DI 10.1063/1.1787903 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900194 ER PT J AU Jones, B Deeney, C Pirela, A Meyer, C Petmecky, D Gard, P Clark, R Davis, J AF Jones, B Deeney, C Pirela, A Meyer, C Petmecky, D Gard, P Clark, R Davis, J TI Design of a multilayer mirror monochromatic x-ray imager for the Z accelerator SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom ID PLASMAS AB A time-resolved pinhole camera is being developed for monochromatic soft x-ray imaging of z-pinch plasmas on the Z accelerator [R. B. Spielman , Phys. Plasmas 5, 2105 (1998)] at Sandia National Laboratories. Pinhole images will reflect from a planar multilayer mirror onto a microchannel plate detector. A W/Si or Cr/C multilayer reflects a narrow energy range (full width at half maximum <10 eV) centered at 277 eV with peak reflectivity up to 20%. This choice of energy will allow final implosion imaging of any wire-array z-pinch fielded on Z, as well as bench testing using a carbon Kalpha source. Aluminized parylene filters will eliminate optical and second harmonic reflection, and the 34degrees multilayer grazing angle will allow detector shielding from high energy x rays produced by the Z accelerator. The system will also include a standard in-line pinhole camera, which can be filtered to obtain simultaneous higher-photon-energy images. Future instruments could use multiple mirrors to image at several energies, or operate at a low grazing angle to image 1-10 keV K-shell emission. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. Ktech Corp Inc, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. TMI, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Jones, B (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. EM bmjones@sandia.gov NR 13 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 4029 EP 4032 DI 10.1063/1.1789257 PN 2 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900195 ER PT J AU Tritz, K Stutman, D Delgado-Aparicio, LF Finkenthal, M Pacella, D Kaita, R Stratton, B Sabbagh, S AF Tritz, K Stutman, D Delgado-Aparicio, LF Finkenthal, M Pacella, D Kaita, R Stratton, B Sabbagh, S TI Current profile reconstruction using electron temperature imaging diagnostics SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom ID TOKAMAK AB Flux surface shape information can be used to constrain the current profile for reconstruction of the plasma equilibrium. One method of inferring flux surface shape relies on plasma x-ray emission; however, deviations from the flux surfaces due to impurity and density asymmetries complicate the interpretation. Electron isotherm surfaces should correspond well to the plasma flux surfaces, and equilibrium constraint modeling using this isotherm information constrains the current profile. The KFIT code is used to assess the profile uncertainty and to optimize the number, location and SNR required for the Te detectors. As Te imaging detectors we consider tangentially viewing, vertically spaced, linear gas electron multiplier arrays operated in pulse height analysis (PHA) mode and multifoil soft x-ray arrays. Isoflux coordinate sets provided by T-e measurements offer a strong constraint on the equilibrium reconstruction in both a stacked horizontal array configuration and a crossed horizontal and vertical beam system, with q(0) determined to within +/-4%. The required SNR can be provided with either PHA or multicolor diagnostic techniques, though the multicolor system requires similar tox4 better statistics for comparable final errors. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Plasma Spect Grp, Bloomberg Ctr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. ENEA, Assoc ENEA EURATOM Fus, Frascati, Italy. Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. RP Tritz, K (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Plasma Spect Grp, Bloomberg Ctr, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. EM ktritz@pppl.gov RI Sabbagh, Steven/C-7142-2011; Stutman, Dan/P-4048-2015 NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 4033 EP 4036 DI 10.1063/1.1790056 PN 2 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900196 ER PT J AU Landen, OL Bell, PM McDonald, JW Park, HS Weber, F Moody, JD Lowry, ME Stewart, RE AF Landen, OL Bell, PM McDonald, JW Park, HS Weber, F Moody, JD Lowry, ME Stewart, RE TI Static and time-resolved 10-1000 keV x-ray imaging detector options for NIF SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom ID 1-100-KEV REGION; HIGH-SPEED; SENSITIVITY; CAMERA; MODEL; FILM; CSI AB High energy (>10 keV) x-ray self-emission imaging and radiography will be essential components of many NIF high energy density physics experiments. In preparation for such experiments, we have evaluated the pros and cons of various static [x-ray film, bare charge-coupled device (CCD), and scintillator + CCD] and time-resolved (streaked and gated) 10-1000 keV detectors. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Landen, OL (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM landen1@llnl.gov NR 23 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 4037 EP 4039 DI 10.1063/1.1787904 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900197 ER PT J AU Schneider, MB Sorce, C Loughman, K Emig, J Bruns, C Back, C Bell, PM Compton, S Hargrove, D Holder, JP Landen, OL Perry, TS Shepherd, R Young, BK AF Schneider, MB Sorce, C Loughman, K Emig, J Bruns, C Back, C Bell, PM Compton, S Hargrove, D Holder, JP Landen, OL Perry, TS Shepherd, R Young, BK TI Shielding a streak camera from hard x rays SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom AB The targets used in the hot halfraum campaign at OMEGA create many hot electrons, which result in a large flux of hard x rays. The hard x rays produce a high background in the streak camera. The background was significantly reduced by wrapping the streak camera with a high-Z material; in this case, 1/8 in. of Pb. The large hard x-ray flux also adds noise to images from framing cameras which use charge-coupled devices. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Schneider, MB (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808,L-472, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM Schneider5@LLNL.GOV RI Perry, Theodore/K-3333-2014 OI Perry, Theodore/0000-0002-8832-2033 NR 3 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 4040 EP 4041 DI 10.1063/1.1788889 PN 2 PG 2 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900198 ER PT J AU Lerche, RA McDonald, JW Griffith, RL de Dios, GV Andrews, DS Huey, AW Bell, PM Landen, OL Jaanimagi, PA Boni, R AF Lerche, RA McDonald, JW Griffith, RL de Dios, GV Andrews, DS Huey, AW Bell, PM Landen, OL Jaanimagi, PA Boni, R TI Preliminary performance measurements for a streak camera with a large-format direct-coupled charge-coupled device readout SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom AB The University of Rochester's Laboratory for Laser Energetics (Rochester, New York) is leading an effort to develop a modern, fully automated streak camera. Characterization of a prototype camera shows spatial resolution better than 20 lp/mm, temporal resolution of 12 ps, line-spread function of 40 mum (full width at half maximum) contrast transfer ratio of 60% at 10 lp/mm, system gain of 101 charge-coupled device electrons per photoelectron, and a dynamic range of 500 for a 2 ns window. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. RP Lerche, RA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM lerche1@llnl.gov NR 3 TC 10 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 4042 EP 4044 DI 10.1063/1.1788890 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900199 ER PT J AU Marshall, FJ Oertel, JA Walsh, PJ AF Marshall, FJ Oertel, JA Walsh, PJ TI Framed, 16-image, Kirkpatrick-Baez microscope for laser-plasma x-ray emission SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom ID OMEGA AB A framed, 16-image, Kirkpatrick-Baez (KB)-type x-ray microscope has been designed for use in imaging laser-plasma x-ray emission. The reflecting elements are 16 pairs of concave mirrors arranged to reflect and focus x rays emanating from a laser-produced plasma. The resolution of the elements is 3 mum at best focus and is better than 5 mum within a 400-mum-diam region. A framing camera will be used in combination with the KB optic to produce 16 gated x-ray images in the energy range from 1.5 to 7 keV over a typical interval of 1.5 ns. This system is designed for use on the University of Rochester's OMEGA laser facility [T. R. Boehly , Opt Commun. 133, 495 (1997)]. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Marshall, FJ (reprint author), Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, 250 E River Rd, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. EM fredm@lle.rochester.edu NR 9 TC 11 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 4045 EP 4047 DI 10.1063/1.1789258 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900200 ER PT J AU Park, HS Izumi, N Key, MH Koch, JA Landen, OL Patel, PK Phillips, TW Zhang, BB AF Park, HS Izumi, N Key, MH Koch, JA Landen, OL Patel, PK Phillips, TW Zhang, BB TI Characteristics of high energy K alpha and Bremsstrahlung sources generated by short pulse petawatt lasers SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom AB We have measured the characteristics of high energy Kalpha sources created with the Vulcan Petawatt laser at RAL and the JanUSP laser at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. High energy x-ray backlighters will be essential for radiographing high energy-density experimental science targets for NIF projects especially to probe implosions and high areal density planar samples. Hard Kalpha x-ray photons are created through relativistic electron plasma interactions in the target material after irradiated by short pulse high intensity lasers. For our Vulcan experiment, we employed a CsI scintillator charge coupled device (CCD) camera for imaging and a CCD camera for single photon counting. We have directly measured the 22 keV Ag Kalpha source size using the RAL petawatt laser and performed knife-edge measurements of a 40 keV Sm Kalpha source using the JanUSP laser. The measured source sizes are both similar to60 mum full width half maximum. We have also measured the Ag Kalpha conversion efficiencies. At laser intensities of 1x10(18) W/cm(2) range, the conversion efficiency at 22 keV is similar to1x10(-4). (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Park, HS (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM park1@llnl.gov RI Patel, Pravesh/E-1400-2011; IZUMI, Nobuhiko/J-8487-2016 OI IZUMI, Nobuhiko/0000-0003-1114-597X NR 4 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 4048 EP 4050 DI 10.1063/1.1789596 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900201 ER PT J AU Wickersham, JE Park, HS Bell, PM Koch, JA Landen, OL Moody, JD AF Wickersham, JE Park, HS Bell, PM Koch, JA Landen, OL Moody, JD TI Imaging detectors for 20-100 keV x-ray backlighters in high-energy-density experimental science petawatt experiments SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom ID LASER-TARGET AB We are developing a petawatt laser for use as a high-energy backlighter source in the 20-100 keV range on the National Ignition Facility (NIF). High-energy x-ray backlighters will be essential for radiographing high-energy-density experimental science (HEDES) targets, especially to probe implosions and high areal density planar samples. For these high energy backlighter imaging experiments, we are developing two types of detectors: a columnar grown CsI scintillator coupled to a 2 Kx2 K charge-coupled device camera, and a CdTe crystal with special application specific integrated circuit readout electronics in a 508x512 format array. We characterized these sensors using Cd-109 and Am-241 radioactive isotopes. In addition, we employed them to measure the Sm Kalpha source size generated by the short pulse laser, JanUSP, at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. The CsI camera performed well, allowing a measurement of the Sm Kalpha source size. Calibration of this camera has shown that it has low noise and good resolution. The new CdTe camera performed well, however the noise level was too high for single photon counting. Some modifications to the camera will also be necessary in order to meet the needs of future hard x-ray experiments. Both cameras showed considerable promise as diagnostic tools for future high-energy x-ray backlighters for NIF HEDES experiments. This article will present the results of our characterizations of these detectors, and initial results from the JanUSP experiments. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Wickersham, JE (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM wickersham1@llnl.gov NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 4051 EP 4053 DI 10.1063/1.1789259 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900202 ER PT J AU Bradley, DK Holder, JP Damian, CM Piston, KW Bell, PM Dymoke-Bradshaw, AKL Hares, JD AF Bradley, DK Holder, JP Damian, CM Piston, KW Bell, PM Dymoke-Bradshaw, AKL Hares, JD TI Progress on the development of a single line of sight x-ray framing camera SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom AB High-speed microstrip microchannel plate (MCP) x-ray framing cameras are a well established diagnostic for laser plasma experiments. Each frame acquired with these devices requires a separate image, and with most reasonable x-ray optics, a separate line of sight, causing potential parallax problems. Gated image tubes have a single line of sight capability, but the conventional designs have not been effectively extended to the short gating times of the microstrip-line MCP camera. A hybrid camera combining image tube and microstrip-line MCP technology has been under development at Lawrence Livermore National Lab in collaboration with University of Rochester Lab for Laser energetics, and KENTECH Instruments. The key feature of this single line of sight hybrid image tube is a deflection assembly that continuously divides the electrons from a single photocathode x-ray image into a set of four electron images. Temporal gating of these images is carried out using a microstrip-line microchannel plate framing camera module positioned at the image plane of the electron tube. Characterization measurements performed using both x rays from a Manson source and from laser generated plasmas, will be presented. Some implementation improvements will be discussed. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Kentech Instruments Ltd, Unit 9, Hall Farm Workshops, Didcot OX11 9AG, Oxon, England. RP Bradley, DK (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 4054 EP 4056 DI 10.1063/1.1789607 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900203 ER PT J AU Keiter, PA Kyrala, GA AF Keiter, PA Kyrala, GA TI Static characterization of aerogel targets for high energy density physics using x-ray radiography SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom AB Knowledge of the density of aerogel foams used in high energy density physics experiments is crucial for simulating and understanding the results of experiments. An average density for the foams is gravimetrically determined, but provides no information on the uniformity of the density. X-ray radiography is used to determine the density uniformity of the foams and the average density of the foams. A comparison between a monochromatic and polychromatic method of determining the density from the x-ray radiography is performed and compared to the gravimetric results. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Keiter, PA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663,MS E-526, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM pkeiter@lanl.gov RI Keiter, Paul/J-3037-2013 NR 3 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 4057 EP 4059 DI 10.1063/1.1789260 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900204 ER PT J AU Kimbrough, JR Moody, JD Bell, PM Landen, OL AF Kimbrough, JR Moody, JD Bell, PM Landen, OL TI Characterization of the series 1000 camera system SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom ID CHARGE-COUPLED-DEVICE; X-RAY AB The National Ignition Facility requires a compact network addressable scientific grade charge coupled device (CCD) camera for use in diagnostics ranging from streak cameras to gated x-ray imaging cameras. Due to the limited space inside the diagnostic, an analog and digital input/output option in the camera controller permits control of both the camera and the diagnostic by a single Ethernet link. The system consists of a Spectral Instruments Series 1000 camera, a PC104+ controller, and power supply. The 4k by 4k CCD camera has a dynamic range of 70 dB with less than 14 electron read noise at a 1 MHz readout rate. The PC104+ controller includes 16 analog inputs, four analog outputs, and 16 digital input/output lines for interfacing to diagnostic instrumentation. A description of the system and performance characterization is reported. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Kimbrough, JR (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM kimbrough1@llnl.gov NR 6 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 4060 EP 4062 DI 10.1063/1.1789261 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900205 ER PT J AU Paul, SF Cates, CJ Mauel, ME Maurer, DA Navratil, GA Paul, RM Pedersen, TS Shilov, MA AF Paul, SF Cates, CJ Mauel, ME Maurer, DA Navratil, GA Paul, RM Pedersen, TS Shilov, MA TI High-speed optical diagnostic that uses interference filters to measure Doppler shifts SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom ID PLASMA ROTATION; SPECTROSCOPY AB A high-speed, noninvasive velocity diagnostic has been developed for measuring plasma rotation. The Doppler shift is determined by employing two detectors that view line emission from the identical volume of plasma. Each detector views through an interference filter having a passband that varies linearly with wavelength. One detector views the plasma through a filter whose passband has a negative slope and the second detector views through one with a positive slope. Because each channel views the same volume of plasma, the ratio of the amplitudes is not sensitive to variations in plasma emission. With suitable knowledge of the filter characteristics and the relative gain, the Doppler shift is readily obtained in real time from the ratio of two channels without needing a low throughput spectrometer. The systematic errors-arising from temperature drifts, stability, and frequency response of the detectors and amplifiers, interference filter linearity, and ability to thoroughly homogenize the light from the fiber bundle-can be characterized well enough to obtain velocity data with +/-1 km/s with a time resolution of 0.3 ms. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Appl Math, New York, NY 10027 USA. RP Paul, SF (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM spaul@pppl.gov OI Mauel, Michael/0000-0003-2490-7478 NR 10 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 4077 EP 4081 DI 10.1063/1.1790057 PN 2 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900208 ER PT J AU Hemsing, E Furno, I Intrator, T Wei, D AF Hemsing, E Furno, I Intrator, T Wei, D TI Analysis of visible light images from a fast-gated intensified charge coupled device camera during flux rope interaction and magnetic reconnection SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom ID PLASMA AB We present the experimental setup and analysis of visible light images from a fast double-gated intensified charge coupled device (CCD) camera currently being used on the reconnection scaling experiment (RSX) at the Los Alamos National Laboratory. In RSX, externally driven free-boundary flux ropes are generated for magnetic reconnection studies in collisional plasma. Time-resolved images of flux rope interaction on submicrosecond time scales are achieved through the use of a microchannel plate intensified CCD camera and are shown to be consistent with probe measurements of plasma pressure and magnetic structure. High experimental repeatability allows plasma evolution to be displayed and measured from images taken over hundreds of RSX discharges to elucidate flux rope interaction dynamics. Peak-intensity fit algorithms extrapolate rope separation and two-dimensional rope velocities from images in agreement with probe data. First glimpses of two flux ropes that twist and merge are presented. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Hemsing, E (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS E526, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM ehemsing@lanl.gov NR 3 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 4106 EP 4108 DI 10.1063/1.1787169 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900217 ER PT J AU Furno, I Wurden, GA AF Furno, I Wurden, GA TI Near infrared spectroscopy of the divertor region in the Alcator C-Mod tokamak SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom ID TARGET PLATES; RECOMBINATION AB A new system for near infrared spectroscopic measurements (1.2-2.6 mum) is designed for the Alcator C-Mod tokamak. These measurements will provide a new window into understanding the physics of detached and/or high radiating plasmas. The system, located on top of the Alcator C-Mod concrete igloo, will view a 30x30 cm(2) region of the lower divertor by means of a re-entrant 5 m long ZnSe based periscope. A McPherson 218 spectrometer will disperse the light that will then be detected by a thermoelectrically cooled InGaAs, 256-element linear image sensor. The signals from each pixel will be digitized by a 16-bit, 333 kHz analog/digital board and then transmitted over optical link to a personal computer (PC) located in Alcator C-Mod control room. The PC will remotely control the system and store the data in the MDSplus database. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Furno, I (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS E526, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM furno@lanl.gov RI Wurden, Glen/A-1921-2017 OI Wurden, Glen/0000-0003-2991-1484 NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 4112 EP 4114 DI 10.1063/1.1787147 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900219 ER PT J AU Kuritsyn, A Levinton, FM AF Kuritsyn, A Levinton, FM TI Development of the megahertz planar laser-induced fluorescence diagnostic for plasma turbulence visualization SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom ID EDGE TURBULENCE AB A megahertz laser-induced fluorescence-based diagnostic system for measuring ion density fluctuations in two spatial dimensions is described. Well resolved spatial and temporal two-dimensional (2D) images of turbulent structures will be useful in understanding ion turbulence in magnetically confined plasmas which is a key factor in the performance of fusion experimental devices. A sheet beam of a megahertz repetition rate tunable Alexandrite laser is used to excite ion emission from argon plasma. The fluorescence emitted from the plane of the laser beam is detected with a narrow band interference filter and intensified ultrafast charge coupled device camera providing 2D images of relative ion density fluctuations every microsecond. It is expected that the edge plasma on fusion devices will be accessible to this technique. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Nova Photon Inc, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. RP Kuritsyn, A (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM kav@princeton.edu NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 4115 EP 4117 DI 10.1063/1.1787148 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900220 ER PT J AU Bell, RE AF Bell, RE TI Exploiting a transmission grating spectrometer SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom ID ROTATION AB The availability of compact transmission grating spectrometers now allows an attractive and economical alternative to the more familiar Czerny-Turner configuration for many high-temperature plasma applications. Higher throughput is obtained with short focal length refractive optics and stigmatic imaging. Many more spectra can be obtained with a single spectrometer since smaller, more densely packed optical input fibers can be used. Multiple input slits, along with a bandpass filter, can be used to maximize the number of spectra per detector, providing further economy. Curved slits can correct for the strong image curvature of the short focal length optics. Presented here are the governing grating equations for both standard and high-dispersion transmission gratings, defining dispersion, image curvature, and desired slit curvature, that can be used in the design of improved plasma diagnostics. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Bell, RE (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM rbell@pppl.gov NR 8 TC 36 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 4158 EP 4161 DI 10.1063/1.1787601 PN 2 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900233 ER PT J AU Graf, A May, M Beiersdorfer, P Magee, E Lawrence, M Rice, J AF Graf, A May, M Beiersdorfer, P Magee, E Lawrence, M Rice, J TI High resolution transmission grating spectrometer for edge toroidal rotation measurements of tokamak plasmas SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom ID ALCATOR C-MOD; EXCHANGE RECOMBINATION SPECTROSCOPY; TRANSPORT BARRIER PLASMAS; NEUTRAL-BEAM; TEMPERATURE; PROFILES; ION AB We present a high throughput (f/3) visible (3500-7000 A) Doppler spectrometer for toroidal rotation velocity measurements of the Alcator C-Mod tokamak plasma. The spectrometer has a temporal response of 1 ms and a rotation velocity sensitivity of similar to10(5) cm/s. This diagnostic will have a tangential view and map out the plasma rotation at several locations along the outer half of the minor radius (r/a>0.5). The plasma rotation will be determined from the Doppler shifted wavelengths of D-alpha and magnetic and electric dipole transitions of highly ionized impurities in the plasma. The fast time resolution and high spectral resolving power are possible due to a 6 in. diam circular transmission grating that is capable of lambda/Deltalambdasimilar to15 500 at 5769 Angstrom in conjunction with a 50 mum slit. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Graf, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM graf2@llnl.gov NR 15 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 4165 EP 4167 DI 10.1063/1.1789591 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900235 ER PT J AU Froula, DH Bower, D Chrisp, M Grace, S Kamperschroer, JH Kelleher, TM Kirkwood, RK MacGowan, B McCarville, T Sewall, N Shimamoto, FY Shiromizu, SJ Young, B Glenzer, SH AF Froula, DH Bower, D Chrisp, M Grace, S Kamperschroer, JH Kelleher, TM Kirkwood, RK MacGowan, B McCarville, T Sewall, N Shimamoto, FY Shiromizu, SJ Young, B Glenzer, SH TI Full-aperture backscatter measurements on the National Ignition Facility SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom AB The National Ignition Facility's full-aperture backscatter station (FABS) is described. The FABS uses five independent diagnostics on each of the four laser beams in the initial National Ignition Facility quad to measure the energy, power, spectrum, and near-field amplitude modulations of the stimulated Brillouin and stimulated Raman backscattered light. In initial tests CO2 and C5H12 gas-filled targets were used to create various laser-plasma interaction conditions which have shown the capability of producing ignition size laser plasmas with reflectivites on the order of 10%. Results are presented for tests in which 16 kJ on target produced between 0.3 and 2.5 kJ of backscattered light. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Froula, DH (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM froula1@llnl.gov NR 5 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 4168 EP 4170 DI 10.1063/1.1789592 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900236 ER PT J AU Niemann, C Antonini, G Compton, S Glenzer, SH Hargrove, D Moody, JD Kirkwood, RK Rekow, V Satariano, J Sorce, C Armstrong, W Bahr, R Keck, R Pien, G Seka, W Thorp, K AF Niemann, C Antonini, G Compton, S Glenzer, SH Hargrove, D Moody, JD Kirkwood, RK Rekow, V Satariano, J Sorce, C Armstrong, W Bahr, R Keck, R Pien, G Seka, W Thorp, K TI Transmitted laser beam diagnostic at the Omega laser facility SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom ID NOVA AB We have developed and commissioned a transmitted beam diagnostic (TBD) for the 2omega high intensity interaction beam at the Omega laser facility. The TBD consists of a bare-surface reflector mounted near the target, which collects and reflects 4% of the transmitted light to a detector assembly outside the vacuum chamber. The detector includes a time integrating near-field camera that measures beam spray, deflection, and the absolute transmitted power. We present a detailed description of the instrument and the calibration method and include first measurements on laser heated gas bag targets to demonstrate the performance of the diagnostic. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. RP Niemann, C (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM niemann1@llnl.gov NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 4171 EP 4173 DI 10.1063/1.1787602 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900237 ER PT J AU Kirkwood, RK Mccarville, T Froula, DH Young, B Bower, D Sewall, N Niemann, C Schneider, M Moody, J Gregori, G Holdener, F Chrisp, M MacGowan, BJ Glenzer, SH Montgomery, DS AF Kirkwood, RK Mccarville, T Froula, DH Young, B Bower, D Sewall, N Niemann, C Schneider, M Moody, J Gregori, G Holdener, F Chrisp, M MacGowan, BJ Glenzer, SH Montgomery, DS TI Calibration of initial measurements from the full aperture backscatter system on the National Ignition Facility SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom ID PLASMAS AB The full aperture backscatter system provides a measure of the spectral power, and integrated energy scattered by stimulated Brillouin (348-354 nm) and Raman (400-800 nm) scattering into the final focusing lens of the first four beams of the NIF laser. The system was designed to provide measurements at the highest expected fluences with: (1) spectral and temporal resolution, (2) beam aperture averaging, and (3) near-field imaging. This is accomplished with a strongly attenuating diffusive fiber coupler and streaked spectrometer and separate calibrated time integrated spectrometers, and imaging cameras. A new technique determines the wavelength dependent sensitivity of the complete system with a calibrated Xe lamp. Data from the calibration system are combined with scattering data from targets to produce the calibrated power and energy measurements that show significant corrections due to the broad band calibrations. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Kirkwood, RK (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM kirkwood1@llnl.gov NR 5 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 4174 EP 4176 DI 10.1063/1.1789593 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900238 ER PT J AU Bower, DE McCarville, TJ Alvarez, SS Ault, LE Brown, MD Chrisp, MP Damian, CM DeHope, WJ Froula, DH Glenzer, SH Grace, SE Gu, K Holdener, FR Huffer, CK Kamperschroer, JH Kelleher, TM Kimbrough, JR Kirkwood, R Kurita, DW Lee, AP Lee, FD Lewis, IT Lopez, FJ MacGowan, BJ Poole, MW Rhodes, MA Schneider, MB Sewall, NR Shimamoto, FY Shiromizu, SJ Voloshin, D Warrick, AL Wendland, CR Young, BK AF Bower, DE McCarville, TJ Alvarez, SS Ault, LE Brown, MD Chrisp, MP Damian, CM DeHope, WJ Froula, DH Glenzer, SH Grace, SE Gu, K Holdener, FR Huffer, CK Kamperschroer, JH Kelleher, TM Kimbrough, JR Kirkwood, R Kurita, DW Lee, AP Lee, FD Lewis, IT Lopez, FJ MacGowan, BJ Poole, MW Rhodes, MA Schneider, MB Sewall, NR Shimamoto, FY Shiromizu, SJ Voloshin, D Warrick, AL Wendland, CR Young, BK TI Full aperture backscatter station measurement system on the National Ignition Facility SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom AB A full aperture backscatter station (FABS) target diagnostic has been activated on the first four beams of the National Ignition Facility. FABS measures both stimulated Brillouin scattering and stimulated Raman scattering with a suite of measurement instruments. Digital cameras and spectrometers record spectrally resolved energy for both P and S polarized light. Streaked spectrometers measure the spectral and temporal behavior of the backscattered light. Calorimeters and fast photodetectors measure the integrated energy and temporal behavior of the light, respectively. This article provides an overview of the FABS measurement system and detailed descriptions of the diagnostic instruments and the optical path. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Bower, DE (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM bower5@llnl.gov NR 2 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 4177 EP 4179 DI 10.1063/1.1791749 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900239 ER PT J AU Mackinnon, AJ McCarville, T Piston, K Niemann, C Jones, G Reinbachs, I Costa, R Celeste, J Holtmeier, G Griffith, R Kirkwood, R MacGowan, B Glenzer, SH Latta, MR AF Mackinnon, AJ McCarville, T Piston, K Niemann, C Jones, G Reinbachs, I Costa, R Celeste, J Holtmeier, G Griffith, R Kirkwood, R MacGowan, B Glenzer, SH Latta, MR TI Implementation of a near backscattering imaging system on the National Ignition Facility SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom ID PLASMAS AB A near backscattering imaging diagnostic system is being implemented on the first quad of beams on the National Ignition Facility. This diagnostic images diffusing scatter plates, placed around the final focus lenses on the National Ignition Facility target chamber, to quantitatively measure the fraction of light backscattered outside of the focusing cone angle of incident laser beam. A wide-angle imaging system relays an image of light scattered outside the lens onto a gated charge coupled device camera, providing 3 mm resolution over a 2 m field of view. To account for changes of the system throughput due to exposure to target debris the system will be routinely calibrated in situ at 532 and 355 nm using a dedicated pulsed laser source. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Mackinnon, AJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM mackinnon2@llnl.gov RI MacKinnon, Andrew/P-7239-2014 OI MacKinnon, Andrew/0000-0002-4380-2906 NR 5 TC 25 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 4183 EP 4186 DI 10.1063/1.1789594 PN 2 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900241 ER PT J AU Roquemore, AL Biewer, T Johnson, D Zweben, SJ Nishino, N Soukhanovskii, VA AF Roquemore, AL Biewer, T Johnson, D Zweben, SJ Nishino, N Soukhanovskii, VA TI NSTX tangential divertor camera SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom AB Strong magnetic field shear around the divertor x-point is numerically predicted to lead to strong spatial asymmetries in turbulence driven particle fluxes. To visualize the turbulence and associated impurity line emission near the lower x-point region, a new tangential observation port has been recently installed on NSTX. A reentrant sapphire window with a moveable in-vessel mirror images the divertor region from the center stack out to Rsimilar to80 cm and views the x-point for most plasma configurations. A coherent fiber optic bundle transmits the image through a remotely selected filter to a fast camera, for example, a 40 500 frames/s photron complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor camera. A gas puffer located in the lower inboard divertor will localize the turbulence in the region near the x-point. Edge fluid and turbulent codes UEDGE and BOUT will be used to interpret impurity and deuterium emission fluctuation measurements in the divertor. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima, Japan. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Roquemore, AL (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM Lroquemore@pppl.gov OI Biewer, Theodore/0000-0001-7456-3509 NR 6 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 4190 EP 4192 DI 10.1063/1.1789609 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900243 ER PT J AU Casper, TA Jayakumar, J Makowski, MA Ellis, R AF Casper, TA Jayakumar, J Makowski, MA Ellis, R TI Design aspects of a MSE diagnostic for ITER SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom ID DIII-D AB The motional Stark effect (MSE) diagnostic is unique in its ability to measure the current profile and will be essential in the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) for detailed analysis of Advanced Tokamak and other types of discharges. However, design of a MSE diagnostic for ITER presents many unique challenges. Among these is optical analysis for the convoluted optical path, required for effective neutron shielding, that employs several reflective optics arranged to form a labyrinth. The geometry of the diagnostic has been laid out and the expected Doppler shifts and channel resolution calculated. A model of the optical train has also been developed based on the Mueller matrix formalism. Unfolding the pitch angle for this complicated geometry is not straightforward and possible methods are evaluated. The CORSICA code is used to model a variety of ITER discharges including start-up, Ip-ramp, and reverse shear. The code also incorporates a synthetic MSE diagnostic that can be used to evaluate different viewing locations and optimize channel locations for the above discharges. Simulation of the optical emission spectrum is also under way. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94566 USA. RP Casper, TA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94566 USA. EM casper1@llnl.gov NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 4193 EP 4195 DI 10.1063/1.1787604 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900244 ER PT J AU Terry, JL Zweben, SJ Bose, B Grulke, O Marmar, ES Lowrance, J Mastrocola, V Renda, G AF Terry, JL Zweben, SJ Bose, B Grulke, O Marmar, ES Lowrance, J Mastrocola, V Renda, G TI High speed movies of turbulence in Alcator C-Mod SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom ID TOKAMAK; TRANSPORT; BOUNDARY AB A high speed (250 kHz), 300 frame charge coupled device camera has been used to image turbulence in the Alcator C-Mod Tokamak. The camera system is described and some of its important characteristics are measured, including time response and uniformity over the field-of-view. The diagnostic has been used in two applications. One uses gas-puff imaging to illuminate the turbulence in the edge/scrape-off-layer region, where D-2 gas puffs localize the emission in a plane perpendicular to the magnetic field when viewed by the camera system. The dynamics of the underlying turbulence around and outside the separatrix are detected in this manner. In a second diagnostic application, the light from an injected, ablating, high speed Li pellet is observed radially from the outer midplane, and fast poloidal motion of toroidal striations are seen in the Li+ light well inside the separatrix. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EURATOM, MPI Plasma Phys, Greifswald, Germany. Princeton Sci Instruments Inc, Princeton, NJ 08852 USA. RP Terry, JL (reprint author), MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM terry@psfc.mit.edu NR 12 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 4196 EP 4199 DI 10.1063/1.1789597 PN 2 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900245 ER PT J AU Bell, PM Landen, OL Weber, FA Lowry, ME Bennett, CV Kimbrough, JR Moody, JD Holder, JP Lerche, RA Griffith, RL Park, HS Boni, R Jaanimagi, PA Davies, T AF Bell, PM Landen, OL Weber, FA Lowry, ME Bennett, CV Kimbrough, JR Moody, JD Holder, JP Lerche, RA Griffith, RL Park, HS Boni, R Jaanimagi, PA Davies, T TI Target diagnostic technology research and development for the LLNL ICF and HED program (invited) SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom ID CAMERA; IMAGER AB The National Ignition Facility is operational at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL). The inertial confinement fusion and HED programs at LLNL have formed diagnostic research and development groups to institute improvements outside the charter of core diagnostics. We will present data from instrumentation being developed. A major portion of our work is improvements to detectors and readout systems. We have efforts related to charge-coupled device (CCD) development. Work has been done in collaboration with the University of Arizona to back thin a large format CCD device. We have developed in collaboration with a commercial vendor a large format, compact CCD system. We have coupled large format CCD systems to our optical and x-ray streak cameras leading to improvements in resolution and dynamic range. We will discuss gate width and uniformity improvements to microchannel plate-based framing cameras. We will present data from single shot data link work and discuss technology aimed at improvements of dynamic range for high-speed transient measurements from remote locations. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. Bechtel Nevada, Special Technol Lab, Santa Barbara, CA 94551 USA. RP Bell, PM (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM bell11@llnl.gov RI Bennett, Corey/C-2403-2009 OI Bennett, Corey/0000-0003-4365-5739 NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 4200 EP 4203 DI 10.1063/1.1789598 PN 2 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900246 ER PT J AU Bourgade, JL Allouche, V Baggio, J Bayer, C Bonneau, F Chollet, C Darbon, S Disdier, L Gontier, D Houry, M Jacquet, HP Jadaud, JP Leray, JL Masclet-Gobin, I Negre, JP Raimbourg, J Villette, B Bertron, I Chevalier, JM Favier, JM Gazave, J Gomme, JC Malaise, F Seaux, JP Glebov, VY Jaanimagi, P Stoeckl, C Sangster, TC Pien, G Lerche, RA Hodgson, ER AF Bourgade, JL Allouche, V Baggio, J Bayer, C Bonneau, F Chollet, C Darbon, S Disdier, L Gontier, D Houry, M Jacquet, HP Jadaud, JP Leray, JL Masclet-Gobin, I Negre, JP Raimbourg, J Villette, B Bertron, I Chevalier, JM Favier, JM Gazave, J Gomme, JC Malaise, F Seaux, JP Glebov, VY Jaanimagi, P Stoeckl, C Sangster, TC Pien, G Lerche, RA Hodgson, ER TI New constraints for plasma diagnostics development due to the harsh environment of MJ class lasers (invited) SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom ID NATIONAL-IGNITION-FACILITY; INERTIAL CONFINEMENT FUSION; DETECTORS; TIME; SPECTROMETER; MANIPULATOR; TARGETS; SYSTEM; OMEGA; NOVA AB The design of plasma diagnostics for the future MJ class lasers (LMJ-Laser MegaJoule-in France or NIF-National Ignition Faciliy- in the USA) must take into account the large increased radiation field generated at the target and the effect on the diagnostics components. These facilities will focus up to 1.8 MJ ultraviolet laser light energy into a volume of less than 1 cm(3) in a few nanoseconds. This very high power focused onto a small target will generate a large amount of x rays, debris, shrapnel, and nuclear particles (neutrons and gamma rays) if the DT fuel capsules ignite. Ignition targets will produce a million more of 14 MeV neutrons (10(19) neutrons) by comparison with the present worldwide most powerful laser neutron source facility at OMEGA. Under these harsh environmental conditions the survivability goal of present diagnostic is not clear and many new studies must be carried out to verify which diagnostic measurement techniques, can be maintained, adapted or must be completely changed. Synergies with similar environment studies conducted for magnetic fusion diagnostic design for ITER facility are considered and must be enhanced. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 CEA, DIF, F-91680 Bruyeres Le Chatel, France. CEA, CESTA, F-33114 Le Barp, France. Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14523 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Euratom CIEMAT Fus Assoc, Madrid 28040, Spain. RP Bourgade, JL (reprint author), CEA, DIF, BP 12, F-91680 Bruyeres Le Chatel, France. EM jean-luc.bourgade@cea.fr RI Houry, Michael/G-8021-2011 NR 65 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 4204 EP 4212 DI 10.1063/1.1789610 PN 2 PG 9 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900247 ER PT J AU Skinner, CH Roquemore, AL Bader, A Wampler, WR AF Skinner, CH Roquemore, AL Bader, A Wampler, WR CA NSTX Team TI Deposition diagnostics for next-step devices (invited) SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom ID QUARTZ MICROBALANCE; DUST PARTICLES; FUSION DEVICE; PLASMA EDGE; TOKAMAK; WALL; NSTX; JET; ISSUES; BETA AB Deposition in next-step devices such as ITER will pose diagnostic challenges. Codeposition of hydrogen with carbon needs to be characterized and understood in the initial hydrogen phase in order to mitigate tritium retention and qualify carbon plasma facing components for DT operations. Plasma facing diagnostic mirrors will experience deposition that is expected to rapidly degrade their reflectivity, posing a challenge to diagnostic design. Some eroded particles will collect as dust on interior surfaces and the quantity of dust will be strictly regulated for safety reasons however, diagnostics of in-vessel dust are lacking. We report results from two diagnostics that relate to these issues. Measurements of deposition on NSTX with 4 Hz time resolution have been made using a quartz microbalance in a configuration that mimics that of a typical diagnostic mirror. Often deposition was observed immediately following the discharge suggesting that diagnostic shutters should be closed as soon as possible after the time period of interest. Material loss was observed following a few discharges. A novel diagnostic to detect dust particles on remote surfaces was commissioned on NSTX. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Cooper Union Adv Sci & Art, New York, NY 10003 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87175 USA. RP Skinner, CH (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 30 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 4213 EP 4218 DI 10.1063/1.1783600 PN 2 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900248 ER PT J AU Mead, MJ Neely, D Gauoin, J Heathcote, R Patel, P AF Mead, MJ Neely, D Gauoin, J Heathcote, R Patel, P TI Electromagnetic pulse generation within a petawatt laser target chamber SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom AB Recent work has been undertaken to characterize the electromagnatic pulse (EMP) generated by the high temperature high density plasma produced by a petawatt laser. This was to evaluate the susceptibility to malfunction and damage of equipment and diagnostics for the new Orion laser. EMP measurement were made using moebius loop antennas fitted inside the target chamber of the Vulcan petawatt laser at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory. These show the EMP as a 63 MHz transient which decays from a peak magnetic field of around 4.3 A/m. A theoretical model presented assumes the EMP is produced by an impulse of 10(12) electron emanating from the target, which charge the chamber wall causing it to ring at natural frequency. The theoretical model provides an estimate of the EMP measured in the Vulcan petawatt target chamber and will be used for the design of the Orion laser. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Atom Weap Estab, Reading RG7 4PR, Berks, England. Rutherford Appleton Lab, CLRC, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Mead, MJ (reprint author), Atom Weap Estab, Reading RG7 4PR, Berks, England. EM michael.mead@awe.co.uk RI Patel, Pravesh/E-1400-2011 NR 4 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 4225 EP 4227 DI 10.1063/1.1787606 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900251 ER PT J AU Giannella, R Hawkes, NC Jayakumar, R Makowski, M Zabeo, L AF Giannella, R Hawkes, NC Jayakumar, R Makowski, M Zabeo, L TI Point-to-point analysis of MSE data for plasma diagnostics and control SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom ID EQUILIBRIUM RECONSTRUCTION; CURRENT PROFILES; POLARIMETRY; TOKAMAKS; FIELD; JET AB A local analysis technique is presented for the analysis of MSE data to deduce the safety factor q in tokamak discharges. The technique preserves as much as possible the individuality of every single measure by a simple rule of translation of magnetic field pitch angle measurements into q-values. Based on a geometric approach, and the observation that the flux surfaces shapes are strongly constrained by that of the last closed flux surface (LCFS), by the position of the magnetic axis and by a few more global parameters, it provides a robust, nonsubjective, accurate technique that is useful for the experimental study of q-profiles and for the evaluation of its uncertainties. It also provides a useful tool for plasma control experiments as it does not submit data to a preliminary search of minima in a multi-parametric domain, a procedure that may lead to jumps in the time behavior of the produced results. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 CEN Cadarache, Assoc EURATOM CEA, F-13108 St Paul Les Durance, France. Culham Sci Ctr, EURATOM, UKAEA, Abingdon OX14 3DB, Oxon, England. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Giannella, R (reprint author), CEN Cadarache, Assoc EURATOM CEA, F-13108 St Paul Les Durance, France. EM ruggero.giannella@cea.fr NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 4247 EP 4250 DI 10.1063/1.1781379 PN 2 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900258 ER PT J AU Tran, V Bennett, CV Sargis, PD Kimbrough, JR Bell, PM Blair, JJ AF Tran, V Bennett, CV Sargis, PD Kimbrough, JR Bell, PM Blair, JJ TI Single channel analog data links for use with high bandwidth recording systems for the National Ignition Facility SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom ID DIRECT MODULATION BANDWIDTH; LASER AB The National Ignition Facility at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory requires high bandwidth and high dynamic range data transmission from the target chamber area to diagnostic recording equipment approximately 46 m away. The systems need to pass short pulse signals with high fidelity, requiring a broadband frequency response from below 10 MHz to greater than 6 GHz, that has flat amplitude and a linear phase response. We present here the characterization of a few selected fiber optic systems and work done to optimize the performance of a fiber link and single-shot transient digitizer system. Each link is evaluated by its bandwidth, the fidelity of its step response, the signal loss, and its usable dynamic range. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 LLNL, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Bechtel Nevada, N Las Vegas, NV 89030 USA. RP Tran, V (reprint author), LLNL, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RI Bennett, Corey/C-2403-2009 OI Bennett, Corey/0000-0003-4365-5739 NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 4281 EP 4283 DI 10.1063/1.1791336 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900268 ER PT J AU Zhang, SY Tejero, EM Taccetti, JM Wurden, GA Intrator, TP Waganaar, WJ Perkins, R AF Zhang, SY Tejero, EM Taccetti, JM Wurden, GA Intrator, TP Waganaar, WJ Perkins, R TI Separatrix radius measurement of field-reversed configuration plasma in FRX-L SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom ID MAGNETIZED TARGET FUSION AB Magnetic pickup coils and single turn flux loops are installed on the FRX-L device. The combination of the two measurements provides the excluded flux radius that approximates the separatrix radius of the field-reversed configuration (FRC) plasma. Arrays of similar probes are used to map out local magnetic field dynamics beyond both ends of the theta-coil confinement region to help understand the effects of cusp locations on flux trapping during the FRC formation process. Details on the probe design and system calibrations are presented. The overall system calibration of excluded flux radius measurement is examined by replacing FRC plasma with a known radius aluminum conductor cylinder. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Zhang, SY (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM syzhang@lanl.gov RI Wurden, Glen/A-1921-2017 OI Wurden, Glen/0000-0003-2991-1484 NR 6 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 4289 EP 4292 DI 10.1063/1.1789618 PN 2 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900271 ER PT J AU Soukhanovskii, VA Kugel, HW Kaita, R Majeski, R Roquemore, AL AF Soukhanovskii, VA Kugel, HW Kaita, R Majeski, R Roquemore, AL TI Supersonic gas injector for fueling and diagnostic applications on the National Spherical Torus Experiment SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom ID TOKAMAK; NSTX; FLUX AB A prototype pulsed supersonic gas injector (SGI) has been developed for the National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX). Experiments in NSTX will explore the compatibility of the supersonic gas jet fueling with the H-mode plasma edge, edge localized mode control, edge magnetohydrodynamic stability, radio frequency heating scenarios, and start-up scenarios with a fast plasma density ramp up. The diagnostic applications include localized impurity gas injections for transport and turbulence experiments and edge helium spectroscopy for edge T-e and n(e) profile measurements. Nozzle and gas injector design considerations are presented and four types of supersonic nozzles are discussed. The prototype SGI operates at room temperature. It is comprised of a small graphite Laval nozzle coupled to a modified commercial piezoelectric valve and mounted on a movable vacuum feedthrough. The critical properties of the SGI jet-low divergence, high density, and sharp boundary gradient, achievable only at M>1, have been demonstrated in a laboratory setup simulating NSTX edge conditions. The Mach numbers of about 4, the injection rate up to 10(22) particles/s, and the jet divergence half angle of 6degrees have been inferred from pulsed pressure measurements. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Soukhanovskii, VA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 16 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 4320 EP 4323 DI 10.1063/1.1787579 PN 2 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900281 ER PT J AU Rudakov, DL Boedo, JA Moyer, RA Stangeby, PC McLean, A Watkins, JG AF Rudakov, DL Boedo, JA Moyer, RA Stangeby, PC McLean, A Watkins, JG TI Effect of electron temperature fluctuations on slowly swept Langmuir probe measurements SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom ID DIII-D; BOUNDARY AB Swept Langmuir probes are widely used to measure electron temperature (T-e) in laboratory plasmas by performing an exponential fit to the measured volt-ampere (I-V) characteristic. Often the probe voltage sweep frequency is much lower than the characteristic frequencies of the plasma fluctuations and a time-averaged I-V characteristic is used for the fit. We show by numerical modeling that in the presence of T-e fluctuations with frequencies well above the voltage sweep frequency this standard technique applied to a swept single probe tends to read higher than the actual time-averaged T-e provided no correlated plasma potential (V-p) fluctuations are present. In the presence of coupled T-e and V-p fluctuations a slowly swept single probe may read either higher or lower than the average T-e, depending on the relative amplitude and phase of the temperature and potential fluctuations. In contrast, swept double probe measurements of T-e are virtually unaffected by either T-e or V-p fluctuations. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Energy Res Ctr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Toronto, Inst Aerosp Studies, Toronto, ON M3H 5T6, Canada. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Rudakov, DL (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Energy Res Ctr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM rudakov@fusion.gat.com NR 10 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 4334 EP 4337 DI 10.1063/1.1789623 PN 2 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900285 ER PT J AU Raman, R Kugel, HW Gernhardt, R Provost, T Jarboe, TR Soukhanovskii, V AF Raman, R Kugel, HW Gernhardt, R Provost, T Jarboe, TR Soukhanovskii, V TI Fast neutral pressure gauges in NSTX SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY APR 19-22, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Gen Atom AB Successful operation in the National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX) of two prototype fast-response micro ionization gauges during plasma operations has motivated us to install five gauges at different toroidal and poloidal locations. These have a nitrogen equivalent lower pressure limit of a conventional ion gauge (similar to3x10(-10) Torr) and an upper pressure limit of 50 mTorr. On NSTX, they have a useful operating range of 1x10(-5) Torr-4 mTorr in deuterium. The modified Princeton Divertor Experiment-type Penning gauges are well suited for pressure measurements in the NSTX divertor where the toroidal field is relatively high. It is capable of operation over a pressure range of 1x10(-5)Torr-4 mTorr in deuterium. The gauge calibration has been stable for 2 years and the gauges have required no maintenance. Behind the NSTX outer divertor plates where the field is lower, an unshielded ion gauge of a new design has been installed. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Raman, R (reprint author), Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM raman@aa.washington.edu NR 9 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 75 IS 10 BP 4347 EP 4349 DI 10.1063/1.1787584 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 866EF UT WOS:000224755900289 ER PT J AU Zhou, Y Matthaeus, WH Dmitruk, P AF Zhou, Y Matthaeus, WH Dmitruk, P TI Colloquium: Magnetohydrodynamic turbulence and time scales in astrophysical and space plasmas SO REVIEWS OF MODERN PHYSICS LA English DT Review ID MAGNETIC-FIELD CORRELATION; SOLAR-WIND FLUCTUATIONS; SHEAR ALFVEN TURBULENCE; ISOTROPIC TURBULENCE; MHD-TURBULENCE; INERTIAL-RANGE; INTERSTELLAR TURBULENCE; STATISTICAL-THEORY; ENERGY-TRANSFER; LOW-FREQUENCY AB Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence has been employed as a physical model for a wide range of applications in astrophysical and space plasma physics. This Colloquium reviews fundamental aspects of MHD turbulence, including spectral energy transfer, nonlocality, and anisotropy, each of which is related to the multiplicity of dynamical time scales that may be present. These basic issues are discussed based on the concepts of sweeping of the small scales by a large-scale field, which in MHD occurs due to effects of counterpropagating waves, as well as the local straining processes that occur due to nonlinear couplings. These considerations give rise to various expected energy spectra, which are compared to both simulation results and relevant observations from space and astrophysical plasmas. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94511 USA. Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA. RP Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94511 USA. EM yezhou@mail.llnl.gov; yswhm@bartol.udel.edu; pablo@bartol.udel.edu NR 128 TC 118 Z9 118 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0034-6861 EI 1539-0756 J9 REV MOD PHYS JI Rev. Mod. Phys. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 76 IS 4 BP 1015 EP 1035 DI 10.1103/RevModPhys.76.1015 PG 21 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 914RE UT WOS:000228244500001 ER PT J AU Wilson, MD McCormick, WP Hinton, TG AF Wilson, MD McCormick, WP Hinton, TG TI The maximally exposed individual - Comparison of maximum likelihood estimation of high quantiles to an extreme value estimate SO RISK ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE body burden; bootstrap; cesium 137; dose; extreme value; maximum likelihood; Monte Carlo AB The dose to human and nonhuman individuals inflicted by anthropogenic radiation is an important issue in international and domestic policy. The Current paradigm for nonhuman populations asserts that if the dose to the maximally exposed individuals in a population is below a certain criterion (e.g., <10 mGy d(-1)) then the population is adequately protected. Currently, there is no consensus in the regulatory community as to the best statistical approach. Statistics, currently considered, include the maximum likelihood estimator for the 95th percentile of the sample mean and the sample maximum. Recently, the investigators have proposed the use of the maximum likelihood estimate of a very high quantile as an estimate of dose to the maximally exposed individual. In this study, we compare all of the above-mentioned statistics to an estimate based on extreme value theory. To determine and compare the bias and variance of these statistics, we use Monte, Carlo simulation techniques, in a procedure similar to a parametric bootstrap. Our results show that a statistic based on extreme value theory has the least bias of those considered here, but requires reliable estimates of the population size. We recommend establishing the criterion based on what would be considered acceptable if only a small percentage of the population exceeded the limit, and hence recommend using the maximum likelihood estimator of a high quantile in the case that reliable estimates of the population size are not available. C1 Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Athens, GA 30602 USA. Univ Georgia, Dept Stat, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Wilson, MD (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM wilson@srel.edu OI Wilson, Machelle/0000-0003-1734-2755 NR 16 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0272-4332 J9 RISK ANAL JI Risk Anal. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 24 IS 5 BP 1143 EP 1151 DI 10.1111/j.0272-4332.2004.00515.x PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA 875ML UT WOS:000225424400008 PM 15563284 ER PT J AU Maddalena, RL McKone, TE Sohn, MD AF Maddalena, RL McKone, TE Sohn, MD TI Standardized approach for developing probabilistic exposure factor distributions SO RISK ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE body weight; classification and regression tree (CART); exposure duration; probabilistic risk assessment; probability density function (PDF) ID BODY-WEIGHT; LOGNORMAL DISTRIBUTIONS; RISK ASSESSMENT; UNITED-STATES; SENSITIVITY; UNCERTAINTY; POLLUTANTS; EMISSIONS; RESIDENCE; TIME AB The effectiveness of a probabilistic risk assessment (PRA) depends on the quality and relevance of the output from exposure and risk models, which, in turn, depends on the critical inputs to the assessment. These critical inputs are often in the form of probabilistic exposure factor distributions that are derived for the given risk scenario. Deriving probabilistic distributions for model inputs can be time consuming and subjective.,The absence of a standard approach for developing these distributions can result in PRAs that are inconsistent and difficult to review by regulatory agencies. We present an approach that reduces subjectivity in the distribution development process without limiting the flexibility needed to prepare relevant PRAs. The approach requires two steps. First, we analyze data pooled at a population scale to (i) identify the most robust demographic descriptors within the population for a given exposure factor, (ii) partition the data into subsets based on these variables, and (iii) construct archetypal distributions for each subpopulation. Second, we sample from these archetypal distributions according to site- or scenario-specific conditions to simulate exposure factor values and use these values to construct the scenario-specific input distribution. The archetypal distributions developed through Step I provide a consistent basis for developing scenario-specific distributions so risk assessors will not have to repeatedly collect and analyze raw data for each new assessment. We demonstrate the approach for two commonly used exposure factors-body weight (BW) and exposure duration (ED)-using data that are representative of the U.S. population. For these factors we provide a first set of subpopulation-based archetypal distributions and demonstrate methods for using these distributions to construct relevant scenario-specific probabilistic exposure factor distributions. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Indoor Environm Dept, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Maddalena, RL (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Indoor Environm Dept, 1 Cyclotron Rd,Mail Stop 90-3058, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM rlmaddalena@lbl.gov NR 45 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHERS PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN STREET, STE 6, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0272-4332 J9 RISK ANAL JI Risk Anal. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 24 IS 5 BP 1185 EP 1199 DI 10.1111/j.0272-4332.2004.00518.x PG 15 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA 875ML UT WOS:000225424400011 PM 15563287 ER PT J AU Armbrust, EV Berges, JA Bowler, C Green, BR Martinez, D Putnam, NH Zhou, SG Allen, AE Apt, KE Bechner, M Brzezinski, MA Chaal, BK Chiovitti, A Davis, AK Demarest, MS Detter, JC Glavina, T Goodstein, D Hadi, MZ Hellsten, U Hildebrand, M Jenkins, BD Jurka, J Kapitonov, VV Kroger, N Lau, WWY Lane, TW Larimer, FW Lippmeier, JC Lucas, S Medina, M Montsant, A Obornik, M Parker, MS Palenik, B Pazour, GJ Richardson, PM Rynearson, TA Saito, MA Schwartz, DC Thamatrakoln, K Valentin, K Vardi, A Wilkerson, FP Rokhsar, DS AF Armbrust, EV Berges, JA Bowler, C Green, BR Martinez, D Putnam, NH Zhou, SG Allen, AE Apt, KE Bechner, M Brzezinski, MA Chaal, BK Chiovitti, A Davis, AK Demarest, MS Detter, JC Glavina, T Goodstein, D Hadi, MZ Hellsten, U Hildebrand, M Jenkins, BD Jurka, J Kapitonov, VV Kroger, N Lau, WWY Lane, TW Larimer, FW Lippmeier, JC Lucas, S Medina, M Montsant, A Obornik, M Parker, MS Palenik, B Pazour, GJ Richardson, PM Rynearson, TA Saito, MA Schwartz, DC Thamatrakoln, K Valentin, K Vardi, A Wilkerson, FP Rokhsar, DS TI The genome of the diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana: Ecology, evolution, and metabolism SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; MARINE DIATOMS; GENE-TRANSFER; WORLD OCEAN; NUCLEUS; SILICA; PHYTOPLANKTON; POLYAMINES; PROTEINS; FAMILY AB Diatoms are unicellular algae with plastids acquired by secondary endosymbiosis. They are responsible for similar to20% of global carbon fixation. We report the 34 million-base pair draft nuclear genome of the marine diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana and its 129 thousand-base pair ptastid and 44 thousand-base pair mitochondrial genomes. Sequence and optical restriction mapping revealed 24 diploid nuclear chromosomes. We identified novel genes for silicic acid transport and formation of silica-based cell walls, high-affinity iron uptake, biosynthetic enzymes for several types of polyunsaturated fatty acids, use of a range of nitrogenous compounds, and a complete urea cycle, all attributes that allow diatoms to prosper in aquatic environments. C1 Univ Washington, Sch Oceanog, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biol Sci, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. Stn Zool, Plant Mol Biol Lab, I-80121 Naples, Italy. Ecole Normale Super, Dept Biol, F-75230 Paris, France. Univ British Columbia, Dept Bot, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. Joint Genome Inst, Dept Energy, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Genet, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Princeton Univ, Dept Geosci, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. Martek Biosci Corp, Columbia, MD 21045 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Ecol Evolut & Marine Biol, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Inst Marine Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Melbourne, Sch Bot, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Lockheed Martin Corp, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Ocean Sci Dept, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Genet Informat Res Inst, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA. Univ Regensburg, Lehrstuhl Biochem 1, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany. Sandia Natl Labs, Biosyst Res Dept, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Genome Anal Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Hull, Dept Biol Sci, Kingston Upon Hull HU6 7RX, N Humberside, England. Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Program Mol Med, Worcester, MA 01605 USA. Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Marine Chem & Geochem, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. Alfred Wegener Inst Polar & Marine Res, D-27570 Bremerhaven, Germany. San Francisco State Univ, Romberg Tiburon Ctr, Tiburon, CA 94920 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr Integrat Genom, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Armbrust, EV (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Oceanog, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM armbrust@ocean.washington.edu; dsrokhsar@lbl.gov RI Putnam, Nicholas/B-9968-2008; Berges, John /D-9520-2012; Zhou, Shiguo/B-3832-2011; Valentin, Klaus/G-5862-2014; Obornik, Miroslav/G-9350-2014; OI Putnam, Nicholas/0000-0002-1315-782X; Berges, John /0000-0002-3124-4783; Zhou, Shiguo/0000-0001-7421-2506; Valentin, Klaus/0000-0001-7401-9423; Lane, Todd/0000-0002-5816-2649; Pazour, Gregory/0000-0002-6285-8796 NR 48 TC 995 Z9 1063 U1 32 U2 378 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD OCT 1 PY 2004 VL 306 IS 5693 BP 79 EP 86 DI 10.1126/science.1101156 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 859YJ UT WOS:000224304000039 PM 15459382 ER PT J AU Yang, NYC Headley, TJ Kelly, JJ Hruby, JM AF Yang, NYC Headley, TJ Kelly, JJ Hruby, JM TI Metallurgy of high strength Ni-Mn microsystems fabricated by electrodeposition SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE electroplating; nickel alloys; hardness; twinning; texture ID BATH AB Electrodeposition is used for fabricating micron-size, high aspect ratio features. Ni-0.5wt%Mn electrodeposits possess high strength and strong texture. The high strength is attributed to twinned, submicrometer grains. Correlation of hardness, texture, microstructure, and alloy composition was established. Dimensional variations introduce composition variations that influence local metallurgical properties. (C) 2003 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Yang, NYC (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Org 8723,7011 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM nyyang@sandia.gov NR 20 TC 25 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 14 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 51 IS 8 BP 761 EP 766 DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2003.11.001 PG 6 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 847JW UT WOS:000223389500003 ER PT J AU Zhu, YT Lowe, TC Langdon, TG AF Zhu, YT Lowe, TC Langdon, TG TI Performance and applications of nanostructured materials produced by severe plastic deformation SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE applications; manufacturing; nanostructured materials; severe plastic deformation ID STRAIN RATE SUPERPLASTICITY; ULTRAFINE-GRAINED TITANIUM; COMMERCIAL ALUMINUM-ALLOYS; BONDING ARB PROCESS; MICROSTRUCTURAL EVOLUTION; NANOCRYSTALLINE MATERIALS; AL-ALLOY; THERMAL-STABILITY; METALS; REFINEMENT AB Nanostructured materials produced by severe plastic deformation can be tailored to have both superior performance and superior properties. These materials are attractive for use in a range of applications from biomedical to aerospace industries. (C) 2004 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ So Calif, Dept Aerosp & Mech Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. Univ So Calif, Dept Mat Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. RP Zhu, YT (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Technol, MS G755, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM yzhu@lanl.gov RI Langdon, Terence/B-1487-2008; Zhu, Yuntian/B-3021-2008 OI Zhu, Yuntian/0000-0002-5961-7422 NR 46 TC 175 Z9 182 U1 5 U2 36 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 51 IS 8 BP 825 EP 830 DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2004.05.006 PG 6 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 847JW UT WOS:000223389500014 ER PT J AU Godfrey, A Hughes, DA AF Godfrey, A Hughes, DA TI Physical parameters linking deformation microstructures over a wide range of length scale SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE dislocation boundaries; deformation structure; TEM; scaling ID DISLOCATION BOUNDARIES; ORIENTATION; MISORIENTATIONS; ALUMINUM; CRYSTAL; METALS; WORK AB Plastic deformation leads in many metals to a continuous refinement of the microstructure. An analysis of certain key microstructural parameters reveals a scaling behavior, reflecting a continuity of the basic processes underlying plastic deformation over a very wide range of strain, and hence for structures from the micro- to nano-scale dimensions. (C) 2004 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Tsing Hua Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Godfrey, A (reprint author), Tsing Hua Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. EM awgodfrey@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn RI Godfrey, Andrew/G-4458-2010 OI Godfrey, Andrew/0000-0002-5496-0424 NR 25 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 51 IS 8 BP 831 EP 836 DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2004.06.019 PG 6 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 847JW UT WOS:000223389500015 ER PT J AU Carlsson, B Moller, K Kohl, M Heck, M Brunold, S Frei, U Marechal, JC Jorgensen, G AF Carlsson, B Moller, K Kohl, M Heck, M Brunold, S Frei, U Marechal, JC Jorgensen, G TI The applicability of accelerated life testing for assessment of service life of solar thermal components SO SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT World Congress of the International-Solar-Energy-Society CY JUN 14-19, 2003 CL Gothenburg, SWEDEN SP Int Solar Energy Soc DE solar thermal materials; durability; service life prediction; accelerated testing; selective solar absorber surface; polymeric glazing material AB To achieve successful commercialisation of new advanced windows and solar facade components for buildings, the durability of these need to be demonstrated prior to installation by use of reliable and well-accepted test methods. In Task 27 Performance of Solar Facade Components of the IEA Solar Heating and Cooling Programme work has therefore been undertaken with the objective to develop a general methodology for durability test procedures and service lifetime prediction methods adaptable to the wide variety of advanced optical materials and components used in energy efficient solar thermal and buildings applications. As the result of this work a general methodology has been developed. The proposed methodology includes three steps: (a) initial risk analysis of potential failure modes, (b) screening testing/ analysis for service life prediction and microclimate characterisation, and (c) service life prediction involving mathematical modelling and life testing. The applicability of the working scheme to be employed in the development of durability test procedures has been analysed for selective solar absorber surfaces and polymeric glazing materials in flat plate solar collectors. The examples show the great applicability of the general methodology for accelerated life testing. This will allow much shorter development cycle times for new products and will allow improvements to be identified and readily incorporated in new products prior to market introduction. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 SP Swedish Natl Testing & Res Inst, SE-50115 Boras, Sweden. Fraunhofer Inst Solar Energy Syst, D-79110 Freiburg, Germany. Hsch Rapperswil HSR, Inst Solartech, CH-8640 Rapperswil, Switzerland. Ctr Sci & Tech Batiment, F-38400 St Martin Dheres, France. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Carlsson, B (reprint author), SP Swedish Natl Testing & Res Inst, POB 857, SE-50115 Boras, Sweden. EM bo.carlsson@sp.se NR 16 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-0248 J9 SOL ENERG MAT SOL C JI Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells PD OCT PY 2004 VL 84 IS 1-4 BP 255 EP 274 DI 10.1016/j.solmat.2004.01.046 PG 20 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA 853IJ UT WOS:000223820200019 ER PT J AU Burakovsky, L Preston, DL Wang, Y AF Burakovsky, L Preston, DL Wang, Y TI Cold shear modulus and Gruneisen parameter at all densities SO SOLID STATE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE density; Gruneisen; pressure; ultrahigh ID ELASTIC-CONSTANTS; HIGH-PRESSURE; DEBYE-TEMPERATURE; LOWER MANTLE; DEPENDENCE; METALS; 1ST-PRINCIPLES; DIFFUSION; ELEMENTS; SOLIDS AB We derive the relation - 1/2 d In G/d In V- 1/6 = gamma for the volume dependence of the cold (T= 0) shear modulus, G, where gamma is the cold Gruneisen parameter given by the formula gamma = - 1/2 d ln(B - 2/3tP)/d In V - 1/6, B and P being the cold bulk modulus and pressure, respectively. For constant t, this formula reduces to the known Slater, Dugdale-MacDonald, and Vashchenko-Zubarev relations for t= 0, 1, and 2, respectively. However, as we demonstrate, in the case of a real solid under pressure, t is a variable such that t-5/2 as P --> infinity. This formula is the basis for the analytic model of the cold Gruneisen parameter, gamma(V) = 1/2 + gamma, V-1/3 + gamma(2)V(q), q > 1, developed previously by two of the authors, and the corresponding analytic model of the cold shear modulus. The model of the shear modulus is compared to electronic-structure calculations and experimental data on rare-gas solids, iron, and cobalt, and good agreement is found in all cases. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Burakovsky, L (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM burakov@lanl.gov; dean@lanl.gov; yuw3@psu.edu RI Wang, Yi/D-1032-2013 NR 40 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-1098 J9 SOLID STATE COMMUN JI Solid State Commun. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 132 IS 3-4 BP 151 EP 156 DI 10.1016/j.ssc.2004.07.066 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 858JG UT WOS:000224187500002 ER PT J AU Hasanuzzaman, M Islam, SK Tolbert, LM Alam, MT AF Hasanuzzaman, M Islam, SK Tolbert, LM Alam, MT TI Temperature dependency of MOSFET device characteristics in 4H-and 6H-silicon carbide (SiC) SO SOLID-STATE ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Semiconductor Device Reseaech Symposium (ISDRS 03) CY DEC 10-12, 2003 CL Washington, DC SP IEEE Elect Device Soc, Univ Maryland, Natl Sci Fdn, Army Res Off, Army Res Lab DE high temperature MOSFET; silicon carbide; temperature variation effect ID INTEGRATED-CIRCUITS AB The advantages of silicon carbide (SiC) over silicon are significant for high power and high temperature device applications. An analytical model for a lateral MOSFET that includes the effects of temperature variation in 6H-SiC poly-type has been developed. The model has also been used to study the device behavior in 4H-SiC at high ambient temperature. The model includes the effects of temperature on the threshold voltage, the carrier mobility, the body leakage current, and the drain and source contact region resistances. The MOSFET output characteristics and parameter values have been compared with previously measured experimental data. A good agreement between the analytical model and the experimental data has been observed. 6H-SiC material system provides enhanced device performance compared to 4H-SiC counterpart for lateral MOSFET. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Natl Transportat Res Ctr, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Hasanuzzaman, M (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM mhasanuz@utk.edu OI Tolbert, Leon/0000-0002-7285-609X NR 13 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-1101 J9 SOLID STATE ELECTRON JI Solid-State Electron. PD OCT-NOV PY 2004 VL 48 IS 10-11 BP 1877 EP 1881 DI 10.1016/j.sse.2004.05.029 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA 853EO UT WOS:000223809700035 ER PT J AU Trebosc, J Amoureux, JP Delevoye, L Wiench, JW Pruski, M AF Trebosc, J Amoureux, JP Delevoye, L Wiench, JW Pruski, M TI Frequency-selective measurement of heteronuclear scalar couplings in solid-state NMR SO SOLID STATE SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID QUANTITATIVE MEASUREMENT; INEPT EXPERIMENTS; HYDROGEN-BOND; SPECTROSCOPY; SPECTRA; HOMONUCLEAR; CONNECTIVITIES; STRENGTHS; CONSTANTS; HISTIDINE AB A new technique is proposed for selective measurement of heteronuclear scalar J couplings between spins in solids. The method, referred to as FS-J-RES (Frequency-Selective-J-RESolved) NMR, uses frequency-selective irradiation at the I (nonobserved) spin frequency to target a specific pair of spins in a multispin system. In addition, the technique provides direct information about the number of identical I spins chemically bonded to the observed S nucleus. A reference spectrum, recorded without irradiating the I spins, accounts for transverse relaxation, pulse imperfections and dephasing due to homonuclear J couplings between S nuclei, which can be simultaneously measured with this method. (C) 2004 Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Lille 1, LCPS, F-59652 Villeneuve Dascq, France. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Amoureux, JP (reprint author), Univ Lille 1, LCPS, F-59652 Villeneuve Dascq, France. EM jean-paul.amoureux@univ-lille1.fr RI Delevoye, Laurent/B-9854-2011; OI Delevoye, Laurent/0000-0003-3146-9365 NR 31 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1293-2558 J9 SOLID STATE SCI JI Solid State Sci. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 6 IS 10 BP 1089 EP 1095 DI 10.1016/j.solidstatesciences.2004.04.019 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 867VF UT WOS:000224869900007 ER PT J AU Stuart, SJ Li, Y Kum, O Mintmire, JW Voter, AF AF Stuart, SJ Li, Y Kum, O Mintmire, JW Voter, AF TI Reactive bond-order simulations using both spatial and temporal approaches to parallelism SO STRUCTURAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE parallel molecular dynamics; parallel replica dynamics; pyrolysis; bond-order potential ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; SYMPLECTIC INTEGRATORS; INFREQUENT EVENTS; TIME-SCALE; DIAMOND; HYDROCARBONS; SYSTEMS; ENERGY; CARBON; MODEL AB We describe two different approaches to exploiting parallel computing architecture that have been used successfully for reactive molecular simulation using bond-order potentials. These potentials are based on the Tersoff bond-order formalism, and allow accurate treatement of covalent bonding reactions in the framework of a classical potential. They include both Brenner's reactive empirical bond order (REBO) potential and our adaptive intermolecular version of this potential (AIREBO). Traditional spatial and atom-based parallel decompositioon techniques have been employed in the RMD-CE program developed for parallel molecular dynamics simulations with a variety of reactive potentials. Key features of this implementation, including the object-oriented approach and novel algorithms for the integrator and neighbor lists, are discussed. The resulting code provides efficient scaling down to system sizes of 400 atoms per processor, and has been applied successfully to systems of as many as half a million atoms. For smaller systems, the parallel replica dynamics algorithm has been successfully applied to take advantage of parallelism in the time domain for rare-event systems. This approach takes advantage of the independence of different parts of a dynamics trajectory, and provides excellent parallel efficiencies for systems as small as tens of atoms, where other parallel simulation techniques are not applicable. This technique has been used to model the pyrolysis of hexadecane on the microsecond timescale, at more realistic temperatures than are achievable with other simulation methods. C1 Clemson Univ, Dept Chem, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Phys, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Stuart, SJ (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Chem, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. EM ss@clemson.edu RI Kum, Oyeon/A-4962-2008; Stuart, Steven/H-1111-2012; OI Mintmire, John/0000-0002-6551-0349 NR 29 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 4 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1040-0400 J9 STRUCT CHEM JI Struct. Chem. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 15 IS 5 BP 479 EP 486 DI 10.1023/B:STUC.0000037905.54615.b0 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA 846QV UT WOS:000223331800019 ER PT J AU Qasim, MM Furey, J Fredrickson, HL Szecsody, J McGrath, C Bajpai, R AF Qasim, MM Furey, J Fredrickson, HL Szecsody, J McGrath, C Bajpai, R TI Semiempirical predictions of chemical degradation reaction mechanisms of CL-20 as related to molecular structure SO STRUCTURAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE CL-20; spectroscopy; free radicals; modes of degradation ID RDX AB Combining computer chemistry calculation with experimental verification is useful both in proving concepts and what is chemically possible. Computational predictions, using MOPAC quantum mechanical and classical force field mechanics, were used to investigate most likely first-tier intermediates of cyclic and cage cyclic nitramines-comparing bond lengths and angles, heats of formation, steric energy, dipole moments, solvent accessibility and electrostatic potential surfaces, partial charges, and Highest Occupied Molecular Orbitals/Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbitals (HOMO/LUMO) energies. Two competing modes of degradation are summarized: through addition of hydroxide ions and through addition of photo-induced free radicals. UV/VIS measured concentrations and followed the course of reactions. FTIR followed CL-20 degradation through alkali hydrolysis, where FTIR measurements verified theoretical predictions. C1 USA, ERDC, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. CSC, Vicksburg, MS USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA. Univ Missouri, Columbia, MO USA. RP Qasim, MM (reprint author), USA, ERDC, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM Mohammad.M.Qasim@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 9 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 10 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1040-0400 J9 STRUCT CHEM JI Struct. Chem. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 15 IS 5 BP 493 EP 499 DI 10.1023/B:STUC.0000037907.27898.f5 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA 846QV UT WOS:000223331800021 ER PT J AU Janda, I Devedjiev, Y Derewenda, U Dauter, Z Bielnicki, J Cooper, DR Graf, PCF Joachimiak, A Jakob, U Derewenda, ZS AF Janda, I Devedjiev, Y Derewenda, U Dauter, Z Bielnicki, J Cooper, DR Graf, PCF Joachimiak, A Jakob, U Derewenda, ZS TI The crystal structure of the reduced, Zn2+-bound form of the B. subtilis Hsp33 chaperone and its implications for the activation mechanism SO STRUCTURE LA English DT Article ID HEAT-SHOCK-PROTEIN; MOLECULAR CHAPERONE; ANGSTROM RESOLUTION; REDOX SWITCH; CRYSTALLIZATION; DOMAIN; REFINEMENT AB The bacterial heat shock protein Hsp33 is a redox-regulated chaperone activated by oxidative stress. In response to oxidation, four cysteines within a Zn2+ binding C-terminal domain form two disulfide bonds with concomitant release of the metal. This leads to the formation of the biologically active Hsp33 dimer. The crystal structure of the N-terminal domain of the E. coli protein has been reported, but neither the structure of the Zn2+ binding motif nor the nature of its regulatory interaction with the rest of the protein are known. Here we report the crystal structure of the full-length B. subtilis Hsp33 in the reduced form. The structure of the N-terminal, dimerization domain is similar to that of the E. coli protein, although there is no domain swapping. The Zn2+ binding domain is clearly resolved showing the details of the tetrahedral coordination of Zn2+ by four thiolates. We propose a structure-based activation pathway for Hsp33. C1 Univ Virginia, Dept Mol Physiol & Biol Phys, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, NCI, Macromol Crystallog Lab, Synchrotron Radiat Res Sect, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Mol Cellular & Dev Biol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Struct Biol Ctr, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Derewenda, ZS (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Dept Mol Physiol & Biol Phys, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA. EM zsd4n@virginia.edu OI Graf, Paul/0000-0002-1094-7498 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM065318, GM62615, P50 GM062414, R01 GM062615, R01 GM065318] NR 29 TC 48 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 3 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA SN 0969-2126 EI 1878-4186 J9 STRUCTURE JI Structure PD OCT PY 2004 VL 12 IS 10 BP 1901 EP 1907 DI 10.1016/j.str.2004.08.003 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA 863DL UT WOS:000224540800016 PM 15458638 ER PT J AU Li, YA Hyman, JM Choi, WY AF Li, YA Hyman, JM Choi, WY TI A numerical study of the exact evolution equations for surface waves in water of finite depth SO STUDIES IN APPLIED MATHEMATICS LA English DT Article ID 2 SOLITARY WAVES; GRAVITY-WAVES; COLLISIONS; CIRCULATION; COMPUTATION; DERIVATION; MOMENTUM; ENERGY; MASS AB We describe a pseudo-spectral numerical method to solve the systems of one-dimensional evolution equations for free surface waves in a homogeneous layer of an ideal fluid. We use the method to solve a system of one-dimensional integro-differential equations, first proposed by Ovsjannikov and later derived by Dyachenko, Zakharov, and Kuznetsov, to simulate the exact evolution of nonlinear free surface waves governed by the two-dimensional Euler equations. These equations are written in the transformed plane where the free surface is mapped onto a flat surface and do not require the common assumption that the waves have small amplitude used in deriving the weakly nonlinear Korteweg-de Vries and Boussinesq long-wave equations. We compare the solution of the exact reduced equations with these weakly nonlinear long-wave models and with the nonlinear long-wave equations of Su and Gardner that do not assume the waves have small amplitude. The Su and Gardner solutions are in remarkably close agreement with the exact Euler solutions for large amplitude solitary wave interactions while the interactions of low-amplitude solitary waves of all four models agree. The simulations demonstrate that our method is an efficient and accurate approach to integrate all of these equations and conserves the mass, momentum, and energy of the Euler equations over very long simulations. C1 Univ Michigan, Dept Naval Architecture & Marine Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Los Alamos Natl Labs, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Univ Michigan, Dept Naval Architecture & Marine Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM wychoi@engin.umich.edu NR 26 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-2526 EI 1467-9590 J9 STUD APPL MATH JI Stud. Appl. Math. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 113 IS 3 BP 303 EP 324 PG 22 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA 851SW UT WOS:000223706700004 ER PT J AU Berenov, A Serquis, A Liao, XZ Zhu, YT Peterson, DE Bugoslavsky, Y Yates, KA Blamire, MG Cohen, LF MacManus-Driscoll, JL AF Berenov, A Serquis, A Liao, XZ Zhu, YT Peterson, DE Bugoslavsky, Y Yates, KA Blamire, MG Cohen, LF MacManus-Driscoll, JL TI Enhancement of critical current density in low level Al-doped MgB2 SO SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MAGNESIUM DIBORIDE; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; PRESSURE; FILMS AB Two sets of MgB2 samples doped with up to 5 at.% of Al were prepared in different laboratories using different procedures. Decreases in the 'a' and 'c' lattice parameters were observed with Al doping, confirming Al substitution onto the Mg site. The critical temperature (T-c) remained largely unchanged with Al doping. For 1-2.5 at.% doping, at 20 K the in-field critical current densities (J(c)s) were enhanced, particularly at lower fields. At 5 K, the in-field J(c) was markedly improved; for example at 5 T J(c) was enhanced by a factor of 20 for a doping level of 1 at. % Al. The 1 mproved J(c)s correlate with increased sample resistivity, which is indicative of an increase in the upper critical field, H-c2, through alloying. C1 Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Phys, London SW7 2AZ, England. Univ Cambridge, Dept Mat Sci & Met, Cambridge CB2 3QZ, England. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Superconduct Technol Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Berenov, A (reprint author), Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Mat, London SW7 2AZ, England. RI Zhu, Yuntian/B-3021-2008; Liao, Xiaozhou/B-3168-2009; Berenov, Andrey/A-3020-2011; Serquis, Adriana/L-6554-2015 OI Zhu, Yuntian/0000-0002-5961-7422; Liao, Xiaozhou/0000-0001-8565-1758; Serquis, Adriana/0000-0003-1499-4782 NR 26 TC 39 Z9 42 U1 1 U2 10 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-2048 J9 SUPERCOND SCI TECH JI Supercond. Sci. Technol. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 17 IS 10 BP 1093 EP 1096 AR PII S0953-2048(04)79489-0 DI 10.1088/0953-2048/17/10/001 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 869IH UT WOS:000224976100006 ER PT J AU Zhang, Y Feenstra, R Thompson, JR Gapud, AA Aytug, T Martin, PM Christen, DK AF Zhang, Y Feenstra, R Thompson, JR Gapud, AA Aytug, T Martin, PM Christen, DK TI High critical current density YBa2CU7-delta thin films fabricated by ex situ processing at low pressures SO SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PRECURSOR FILMS; BAF2; CONDUCTORS; CU AB There is interest in probing the feasibility and possible advantages of making uniform and cost-effective long-length coated conductors through a low-pressure processing approach. The low-pressure approach, eliminating the boundary layer and gas flow considerations, consumes much less of the processing gases and offers the possibility of improved uniformity and faster growth rate of superconducting films. Here, we have fabricated YBa2CU3O7-delta (YBCO) epitaxial films of thickness 0.1-1.0 mum on SrTiO3 single crystal substrates using ex situ post-deposition processing of co-evaporated Y, BaF2 and Cu precursors in a controlled low-pressure gas mixture of oxygen and water vapour. Partial pressures of oxygen (Po-2) and water vapour (P-H2O) as low as 10 and 0.1 mTorr, respectively, were used. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy inspection were conducted for structure characterization of the films. High critical current densities (J(c)) of similar to3.6 MA cm(-2) at 77 K in self-field were obtained, yielding properties comparable to those of in situ films and ex situ films processed under atmospheric pressure condition. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Met & Ceram Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Zhang, Y (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 15 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-2048 J9 SUPERCOND SCI TECH JI Supercond. Sci. Technol. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 17 IS 10 BP 1154 EP 1159 AR PII S0959-2048(04)78751-5 DI 10.1088/0953-2048/17/10/012 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 869IH UT WOS:000224976100017 ER PT J AU Yoo, J Leonard, KJ Hsu, HS Heatherly, L List, FA Lee, DF Gapud, AA Martin, PM Cook, S Paranthaman, M Goyal, A Kroeger, DM AF Yoo, J Leonard, KJ Hsu, HS Heatherly, L List, FA Lee, DF Gapud, AA Martin, PM Cook, S Paranthaman, M Goyal, A Kroeger, DM TI The growth of YBCO films with high critical current at reduced pressures using the BaF2 ex situ process SO SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CRITICAL-CURRENT-DENSITY; YBA2CU3O7-X THIN-FILMS; SUPERCONDUCTING TAPES; DEPOSITION AB The growth of 0.9-1.0 mum thick YBa2Cu3O7-delta (YBCO) films on biaxially textured Ni-3 at.% W (NiW) substrates using the BaF2 ex situ process was investigated at reduced pressures. By varying the water vapour pressure (P-H2O), Y-BaF2-Cu-O (YBFCO) precursor films deposited by e-beam co-evaporation were convened at a reduced total pressure (P-total) of 50-55 Torr and conversion temperature (T-S) of 740degreesC for a wet conversion time (t(W)) of 60 min. Critical current density (J(C)) values greater than 1 MA cm(-2) for the thick YBCO films were obtained under the condition of varying P-H2O from low pressure to 10 Torr. The transition temperatures (T-C) of the samples were over 90 K with DeltaT(C) = 1. 8-2.5 K. Pre-heat treatment of the precursor films on CeO2/YSZ/Y2O3/Ni/NiW substrates under an O-2 atmosphere condition before the conversion resulted in smooth surfaces without large secondary phase particles embedded in the films. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Met & Ceram Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Chem Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Yoo, J (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Met & Ceram Div, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM yooj@ornl.gov RI Paranthaman, Mariappan/N-3866-2015; OI Paranthaman, Mariappan/0000-0003-3009-8531; Gapud, Albert/0000-0001-9048-9230 NR 17 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-2048 J9 SUPERCOND SCI TECH JI Supercond. Sci. Technol. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 17 IS 10 BP 1209 EP 1214 AR PII S0953-2048(04)81103-5 DI 10.1088/0953-2048/17/10/023 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 869IH UT WOS:000224976100028 ER PT J AU Serquis, A Civale, L Coulter, JY Hammon, DL Liao, XZ Zhu, YT Peterson, DE Mueller, FM Nesterenko, VF Indrakanti, SS AF Serquis, A Civale, L Coulter, JY Hammon, DL Liao, XZ Zhu, YT Peterson, DE Mueller, FM Nesterenko, VF Indrakanti, SS TI Large field generation with a hot isostatically pressed powder-in-tube MgB2 coil at 25 K SO SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CRITICAL-CURRENT DENSITY; SUPERCONDUCTING TAPES; CRITICAL CURRENTS; FE-CLAD; WIRES; FABRICATION; MICROSTRUCTURE; ENHANCEMENT AB We present the fabrication and test results of hot-isostatic-pressed (HIPed) powder-in-tube (PIT) MgB2 coils. The coils' properties were measured by transport and magnetization at different applied fields (H) and temperatures (T). The engineering critical current (J(e)) value is the largest reported in PIT MgB2 wires or tapes. At 25 K our champion six-layer coil was able to generate a field of 1 T at zero external field (I-c > 220 A, J(e) similar to 2.8 x 10(4) A cm(-2)). At 4 K this coil generated 1.6 T under an applied field of 1.25 T (I-c similar to 350 A, J(e) similar to 4.5 x 10(4) A cm(-2)). These magnetic fields are high enough for a superconducting transformer or magnet applications such as MRI. An SIC doped MgB2 single layer coil shows a promising improvement at high fields and exhibits J(c) > 10(4) A cm(-2) at 7 T. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Superconduct Technol Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Serquis, A (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Superconduct Technol Ctr, MS K763, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM aserquis@cab.cnea.gov.ar RI Zhu, Yuntian/B-3021-2008; Liao, Xiaozhou/B-3168-2009; Serquis, Adriana/L-6554-2015 OI Zhu, Yuntian/0000-0002-5961-7422; Liao, Xiaozhou/0000-0001-8565-1758; Serquis, Adriana/0000-0003-1499-4782 NR 17 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-2048 J9 SUPERCOND SCI TECH JI Supercond. Sci. Technol. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 17 IS 10 BP L35 EP L37 AR PII S0953-2048(04)78622-4 DI 10.1088/0953-2048/17/10/L01 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 869IH UT WOS:000224976100001 ER PT J AU Nilsson, A Pettersson, LGM AF Nilsson, A Pettersson, LGM TI Chemical bonding on surfaces probed by X-ray emission spectroscopy and density functional theory SO SURFACE SCIENCE REPORTS LA English DT Review DE chemical bonding; X-ray emission spectroscopy; density functional theory; blyholder nodel; chemisorption; CO; N-2; NH3; formate; acetate; glycine; ethylene; benzene; water; octane ID CORE-LEVEL SPECTROSCOPY; STATIC-EXCHANGE CALCULATIONS; BINDING-ENERGY SHIFTS; HIGHER EXCITED-STATES; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; METAL-SURFACES; TRANSITION-METAL; ABSORPTION-SPECTRA; ADSORPTION SITES; CARBON-MONOXIDE AB X-ray emission spectroscopy applied to surface adsorbates is an experimental technique that provides an atom-specific projection of the electronic structure. In combination with theoretical density functional spectrum simulations, it becomes an extremely powerful tool to analyze in detail the surface chemical bond. The present review discusses both the experimental and computational techniques related to the spectroscopy and summarizes all applications to surface adsorbates published up to May 2004. The surface chemical bond is discussed in depth for a number of example systems taken from the five categories of bonding types: (i) atomic radical, (ii) diatomics with unsaturated pi systems (Blyholder model), (iii) unsaturated hydrocarbons (Dewar-Chatt-Duncanson model), (iv) lone pair interactions, and (v) saturated hydrocarbons (physisorption). (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Stockholm Univ, AlbaNova Univ Ctr, FYSIKUM, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. RP Nilsson, A (reprint author), Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, POB 20450, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. EM nilsson@slac.stanford.edu RI Nilsson, Anders/E-1943-2011; Pettersson, Lars/F-8428-2011; Pettersson, Lars/J-4925-2013 OI Nilsson, Anders/0000-0003-1968-8696; Pettersson, Lars/0000-0003-1133-9934 NR 212 TC 161 Z9 161 U1 4 U2 77 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-5729 EI 1879-274X J9 SURF SCI REP JI Surf. Sci. Rep. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 55 IS 2-5 BP 49 EP 167 DI 10.1016/j.surfrep.2004.06.002 PG 119 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 857UC UT WOS:000224142800001 ER PT J AU Townsend, TM Larson, A Louis, E Macey, JR AF Townsend, TM Larson, A Louis, E Macey, JR TI Molecular phylogenetics of Squamata: The position of snakes, Amphisbaenians, and Dibamids, and the root of the Squamate tree SO SYSTEMATIC BIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Amphisbaenia; Dibamidae; DNA; Iguania; lizards; long-branch attraction; mitochondrial; nuclear; phylogeny; Scleroglossa; Serpentes; Squamata ID MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA SEQUENCES; C-MOS; COMBINING DATA; PACHYRHACHIS-PROBLEMATICUS; NUCLEOTIDE COMPOSITION; EVOLUTIONARY TREES; CONFIDENCE-LIMITS; CENTRAL MEXICO; RNA GENES; LIZARDS AB Squamate reptiles (snakes, lizards, and amphisbaenians) serve as model systems for evolutionary studies of a variety of morphological and behavioral traits, and phylogeny is crucial to many generalizations derived from such studies. Specifically, the traditional dichotomy between Iguania ( anoles, iguanas, chameleons, etc.) and Scleroglossa ( skinks, geckos, snakes, etc.) has been correlated with major evolutionary shifts within Squamata. We present a molecular phylogenetic study of 69 squamate species using approximately 4600 ( 2876 parsimony-informative) base pairs ( bp) of DNA sequence data from the nuclear genes RAG-1 (-2750 bp) and c-mos (-360 bp) and the mitochondrial ND2 region (-1500 bp), sampling all major clades and most major subclades. Under our hypothesis, species previously placed in Iguania, Anguimorpha, and almost all recognized squamate families form strongly supported monophyletic groups. However, species previously placed in Scleroglossa, Varanoidea, and several other higher taxa do not form monophyletic groups. Iguania, the traditional sister group of Scleroglossa, is actually highly nested within Scleroglossa. This unconventional rooting does not seem to be due to long-branch attraction, base composition biases among taxa, or convergence caused by similar selective forces acting on nonsister taxa. Studies of functional tongue morphology and feeding mode have contrasted the similar states found in Sphenodon ( the nearest outgroup to squamates) and Iguania with those of Scleroglossa, but our findings suggest that similar states in Sphenodon and Iguania result from homoplasy. Snakes, amphisbaenians, and dibamid lizards, limbless forms whose phylogenetic positions historically have been impossible to place with confidence, are not grouped together and appear to have evolved this condition independently. Amphisbaenians are the sister group of lacertids, and dibamid lizards diverged early in squamate evolutionary history. Snakes are grouped with iguanians, lacertiforms, and anguimorphs, but are not nested within anguimorphs. C1 Washington Univ, Dept Biol, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. Henry Doorly Zoo, Ctr Conservat & Res, Omaha, NE 68107 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Dept Evolut Genom, Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA. RP Townsend, TM (reprint author), Univ Texas, C0930, Austin, TX 78712 USA. EM townsend@mail.utexas.edu; larsontl@biology.wustl.edu; edlo@omahazoo.com; JRMacey@lbl.gov NR 113 TC 295 Z9 310 U1 9 U2 75 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1063-5157 J9 SYST BIOL JI Syst. Biol. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 53 IS 5 BP 735 EP 757 DI 10.1080/10635150490522340 PG 23 WC Evolutionary Biology SC Evolutionary Biology GA 869CI UT WOS:000224960100005 PM 15545252 ER PT J AU Cruzan, G Corley, RA Hard, GC Mertens, JJWM McMartin, KE Snellings, WM Gingell, R Deyo, JA AF Cruzan, G Corley, RA Hard, GC Mertens, JJWM McMartin, KE Snellings, WM Gingell, R Deyo, JA TI Subchronic toxicity of ethylene glycol in Wistar and F-344 rats related to metabolism and clearance of metabolites SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE ethylene glycol; nephropathy; metabolism; oxalate ID CALCIUM-OXALATE; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; RENAL TRANSPORT; KIDNEY; 4-METHYLPYRAZOLE; HEMODIALYSIS; EXCRETION; DIAGNOSIS; EXPOSURE; MIXTURES AB Ethylene glycol (CAS RN 107-21-1) can cause kidney toxicity via the formation of calcium oxalate crystals in a variety of species, including humans. Numerous repeated dose studies conducted in rats have indicated that male rats are more susceptible than female rats. Furthermore, subchronic and chronic studies using different dietary exposure regimens have indicated that male Wistar rats may be more sensitive to renal toxicity than male Fischer-344 (F-344) rats. This study was conducted to compare the toxicity of ethylene glycol in the two strains of rats under identical exposure conditions and to evaluate the potential contribution of toxicokinetic differences to strain sensitivity. Ethylene glycol was mixed in the diet at concentrations to deliver constant target dosage levels of 0, 50, 150, 500, or 1000 mg/kg/day for 16 weeks to groups of 10 male Wistar and 10 male F-344 rats based on weekly group mean body weights and feed consumption. Kidneys were examined histologically for calcium oxalate crystals and pathology. Samples of blood, urine, and kidneys from satellite animals exposed to 0, 150, 500, or 1000 mg/kg/day for 1 or 16 weeks were analyzed for ethylene glycol, glycolic acid, and oxalic acid. Treatment of Wistar rats at 1000 mg/kg/day resulted in the death of two rats; in addition, at 500 and 1000 mg/kg/day, group mean body weights were decreased compared to control throughout the 16 weeks. In F-344 rats exposed at 1000 mg/kg/day and in Wistar rats receiving 500 and 1000 mg/kg/day, there were lower urine specific gravities, higher urine volumes, and increased absolute and relative kidney weights. In both strains of rats treated at 500 and 1000 mg/kg/day, some or all treated animals had increased calcium oxalate crystals in the kidney tubules and crystal nephropathy. The effect was more severe in Wistar rats than in F-344 rats. Accumulation of oxalic acid in the kidneys of both strains of rats was consistent with the dose-dependent and strain-dependent toxicity. As the nephrotoxicity progressed over the 16 weeks, the clearance of ethylene glycol and its metabolites decreased, exacerbating the toxicity. Benchmark dose analysis indicated a BMDL05 for kidney toxicity in Wistar rats of 71.5 mg/kg/day; nearly fourfold lower than in F-344 rats (285 mg/kg/day). This study confirms that the Wistar rat is more sensitive to ethylene glycol-induced renal toxicity than the F-344 rat and indicates that metabolism or clearance plays a role in the strain differences. C1 ToxWorks, Bridgeton, NJ 08302 USA. PAcific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA. WIL Res Labs Inc, Ashland, OH USA. Louisiana State Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Shreveport, LA 71105 USA. Amer Chem Council, Ethylene Oxide Ethylene Glycol CHEMSTAR Panel, Arlington, VA USA. RP Cruzan, G (reprint author), ToxWorks, 1153 Roadstown Rd, Bridgeton, NJ 08302 USA. EM toxworks@aol.com NR 42 TC 35 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 81 IS 2 BP 502 EP 511 DI 10.1093/toxsci/kfh206 PG 10 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 855BW UT WOS:000223948900027 PM 15229367 ER PT J AU Whitehead, JP Simpson, F Hill, MM Thomas, EC Connolly, LM Collart, F Simpson, RJ James, DE AF Whitehead, JP Simpson, F Hill, MM Thomas, EC Connolly, LM Collart, F Simpson, RJ James, DE TI Insulin and oleate promote translocation of inosine-5 ' monophosphate dehydrogenase to lipid bodies SO TRAFFIC LA English DT Article DE IMPDH; insulin; lipid bodies; oleate; PI 3-kinase; protein translocation ID DIFFERENTIATION-RELATED PROTEIN; DOMINANT RETINITIS-PIGMENTOSA; STIMULATED GLUCOSE-TRANSPORT; IMP DEHYDROGENASE; 5'-MONOPHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE; PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL 3-KINASE; RECEPTOR SUBSTRATE-1; 3T3-L1 ADIPOCYTES; STORAGE DROPLETS; NEGATIVE MUTANT AB In the present study we identify inosine-5' monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH), a key enzyme in de novo guanine nucleotide biosynthesis, as a novel lipid body-associated protein. To identify new targets of insulin we performed a comprehensive 2-DE analysis of P-32-labelled proteins isolated from 3T3-L1 adipocytes (Hill et al. J Biol Chem 2000; 275: 24313-24320). IMPDH was identified by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry as a protein which was phosphorylated in a phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-kinase-dependent manner upon insulin treatment. Although insulin had no significant effect on IMPDH activity, we observed translocation of IMPDH to lipid bodies following insulin treatment. Induction of lipid body formation with oleic acid promoted dramatic redistribution of IMPDH to lipid bodies, which appeared to be in contact with the endoplasmic reticulum, the site of lipid body synthesis and recycling. Inhibition of PI 3-kinase blocked insulin- and oleate-induced translocation of IMPDH and reduced oleate-induced lipid accumulation. However, we found no evidence of oleate-induced IMPDH phosphorylation, suggesting phosphorylation and translocation may not be coupled events. These data support a role for IMPDH in the dynamic regulation of lipid bodies and fatty acid metabolism and regulation of its activity by subcellular redistribution in response to extracellular factors that modify lipid metabolism. C1 Garvan Inst Med Res, Dept Diabet & Obes, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia. Univ Queensland, Princess Alexandra Hosp, Ctr Diabet & Endocrine Res, Brisbane, Qld 4102, Australia. Univ Queensland, Inst Mol Biosci, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. Ludwig Inst Canc Res, Joint Prote Lab, Parkville, Vic 3050, Australia. Walter & Eliza Hall Inst Med Res, Parkville, Vic 3050, Australia. Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Whitehead, JP (reprint author), Garvan Inst Med Res, Dept Diabet & Obes, 384 Victoria St, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia. EM jwhitehead@cder.soms.uq.edu.au RI Hill, Michelle M/G-4417-2010; Simpson, Fiona/J-2721-2012; OI Hill, Michelle M/0000-0003-1134-0951; Simpson, Fiona/0000-0002-0271-781X; Whitehead, Jonathan/0000-0003-3978-3148; Collart, Frank/0000-0001-6942-4483 NR 49 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 3 PU BLACKWELL MUNKSGAARD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 1398-9219 J9 TRAFFIC JI Traffic PD OCT PY 2004 VL 5 IS 10 BP 739 EP 749 DI 10.1111/j.1600-0854.2004.00217.x PG 11 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 852IG UT WOS:000223748400002 PM 15355510 ER PT J AU Donnet, C Erdemir, A AF Donnet, C Erdemir, A TI Solid lubricant coatings: recent developments and future trends SO TRIBOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE solid lubricants; nanocomposite; nanostructure; deposition; surface texture; friction; wear ID TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; WEAR-RESISTANT COATINGS; DIAMOND-LIKE CARBON; HARD COATINGS; THIN-FILMS; TRIBOLOGICAL PROPERTIES; AMORPHOUS-CARBON; RIGID DISKS; FRICTION; MULTILAYER AB In recent years, great strides have been made in the formulation of solid lubricant coatings for a wide range of industrial applications. These coatings are now available in nano-structured and/or - composite forms to provide better performance and durability even under very severe sliding conditions. By coupling these coatings with smart surface engineering strategies ( such as micro-texturing and/or - patterning), researchers have achieved higher levels of performance and durability in demanding tribological applications. Some of these advanced coatings are now commercially available and can meet the ever-increasing performance and durability requirements of severe tribological applications. This paper will provide a historical overview of recent developments in solid lubricant coatings and will expand on the lubrication mechanisms of both traditional and new solid lubricants. Special emphasis will be placed on modern practices that are aimed at enhancing the properties of these coatings and expanding their uses in practical applications. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ St Etienne, Lab Traitement Signal & Instrumentat, UMR 5516, F-42000 St Etienne, France. RP Erdemir, A (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM ali.erdemir@anl.gov NR 59 TC 123 Z9 137 U1 10 U2 54 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1023-8883 J9 TRIBOL LETT JI Tribol. Lett. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 17 IS 3 BP 389 EP 397 DI 10.1023/B:TRIL.0000044487.32514.1d PG 9 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 861OX UT WOS:000224427800006 ER PT J AU Prasad, SV Asthana, R AF Prasad, SV Asthana, R TI Aluminum metal-matrix composites for automotive applications: tribological considerations SO TRIBOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE aluminum composites; wear; friction; automobile engine parts; tribology ID WEAR-MECHANISM MAPS; GRAPHITE PARTICLE COMPOSITES; AL-SI ALLOYS; SILICON-CARBIDE; SLIDING WEAR; ABRASIVE WEAR; BEHAVIOR; FRICTION; REINFORCEMENT; FABRICATION AB Aluminum alloys possess a number of mechanical and physical properties that make them attractive for automotive applications, but they exhibit extremely poor resistance to seizure and galling. Reinforcement of aluminum alloys with solid lubricants, hard ceramic particles, short fibers and whiskers results in advanced metal - matrix composites (MMC) with precise balances of mechanical, physical and tribological characteristics. Advanced manufacturing technologies such as squeeze infiltration of molten alloys into fiber performs can be employed to produce near net-shape components. Brake rotors, pistons, connecting rods and integrally cast MMC engine blocks are some of the successful applications of Al MMCs in automotive industry. This paper gives an overview of the tribological behavior of Al MMCs reinforced with hard particles, short fibers, and solid lubricants, and the technologies for producing automotive parts from these novel materials. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Tech Staff, Mat & Proc Sci Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Univ Wisconsin Stout, Dept Technol, Menomonie, WI 54751 USA. RP Prasad, SV (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Tech Staff, Mat & Proc Sci Ctr, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM svprasa@sandia.gov NR 77 TC 119 Z9 131 U1 7 U2 51 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1023-8883 J9 TRIBOL LETT JI Tribol. Lett. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 17 IS 3 BP 445 EP 453 DI 10.1023/B:TRIL.0000044492.91991.f3 PG 9 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 861OX UT WOS:000224427800012 ER PT J AU Park, JY Ogletree, DF Salmeron, M Jenks, CJ Thiel, PA AF Park, JY Ogletree, DF Salmeron, M Jenks, CJ Thiel, PA TI Friction and adhesion properties of clean and oxidized Al-Ni-Co decagonal quasicrystals: a UHV atomic force microscopy/scanning tunneling microscopy study SO TRIBOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE scanning tunneling microscopy; atomic force microscopy; nanotribology; Al-Ni-Co decagonal quasicrystal; adhesion; friction; in situ oxidation; plastic deformation ID ULTRAHIGH-VACUUM; TRIBOLOGICAL PROPERTIES; SURFACE OXIDATION; SINGLE-GRAIN; CONTACT; INTERFACE; SYMMETRY AB The tribological properties of adhesion and friction between 10-fold Al-Ni-Co decagonal quasicrystals and conductive W2C and TiN coated tips were studied in ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) with an atomic force microscope. Contacts between the tip and clean quasicrystals are dominated by strong adhesion forces, which result in irreversible deformations and material transfer. The irreversible adhesion was suppressed following an oxygen exposure of 10 Langmuir, which also reduced the adhesion force by a factor of two. An additional 2/3 reduction in adhesion force occurred after several 100 Langmuir exposure. A much larger decrease (by a factor 10) occurred by air-oxidation. The friction force decreased also with oxygen exposure although not as dramatically. A linear decrease by a factor two, was observed between the clean surface and the surface exposed to 200 Langmuir of oxygen. After that the friction force remained constant. Air-oxidation reduced friction by roughly another factor of two. In contrast with the clean surface, contacts with the air oxide substrate are well described by the Derjaguin-Muller-Toporov (DMT) model, while contacts with oxygen chemisorbed substrates are in the transition regime between Johnson-Kendall-Roberts (JKR) and DMT models. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Park, JY (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jypark@lbl.gov; salmeron@stm.lbl.gov RI Park, Jeong Young/A-2999-2008; Ogletree, D Frank/D-9833-2016 OI Ogletree, D Frank/0000-0002-8159-0182 NR 33 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 8 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1023-8883 J9 TRIBOL LETT JI Tribol. Lett. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 17 IS 3 BP 629 EP 636 DI 10.1023/B:TRIL.0000044513.85505.60 PG 8 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 861OX UT WOS:000224427800033 ER PT J AU Hosking, FM Lopez, EP AF Hosking, FM Lopez, EP TI General guidelines for cleaning after soldering SO WELDING JOURNAL LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Hosking, FM (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER WELDING SOC PI MIAMI PA 550 N W LEJEUNE RD, MIAMI, FL 33126 USA SN 0043-2296 J9 WELD J JI Weld. J. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 83 IS 10 BP 52 EP 53 PG 2 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 859UI UT WOS:000224293000009 ER PT J AU Murugananth, M Babu, SS David, SA AF Murugananth, M Babu, SS David, SA TI Optimization of shielded metal arc weld metal composition for charpy toughness SO WELDING JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID FERRITIC STEEL WELDS; MICROSTRUCTURE; TI; TITANIUM; NITROGEN AB Artificial neural network models that predict the Charpy-impact toughness values as a function of composition, heat treatment, and shielded metal arc welding process parameters were coupled with multipurpose optimization software. This coupled model was used to optimize the carbon, nickel, and manganese concentrations in a weld to achieve a maximum toughness of 120 J at -60degreesC. The coupled model used linear and nonlinear techniques to explore the possible combinations of carbon, manganese, and nickel concentrations for a given set of welding process parameters. An optimum weld metal composition was achieved only with nonlinear methods. The number of iterations and the exploration of input parameter space varied depending upon the type of nonlinear technique. The predicted weld metal composition was in agreement with published results. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Murugananth, M (reprint author), Nanyang Technol Univ, Sch Mat Engn, Singapore 2263, Singapore. RI Babu, Sudarsanam/D-1694-2010 OI Babu, Sudarsanam/0000-0002-3531-2579 NR 14 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER WELDING SOC PI MIAMI PA 550 N W LEJEUNE RD, MIAMI, FL 33126 USA SN 0043-2296 J9 WELD J JI Weld. J. PD OCT PY 2004 VL 83 IS 10 BP 267S EP 276S PG 10 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 859UI UT WOS:000224293000011 ER PT J AU Lin, JF Fei, YW Sturhahn, W Zhao, JY Mao, HK Hemley, RJ AF Lin, JF Fei, YW Sturhahn, W Zhao, JY Mao, HK Hemley, RJ TI Magnetic transition and sound velocities of Fe3S at high pressure: implications for Earth and planetary cores SO EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS LA English DT Article DE light element; sound velocity; Fe3S; Earth's core; sulfur ID DENSITY-OF-STATES; NUCLEAR RESONANT SCATTERING; IRON-SULFUR COMPOUND; HIGH-TEMPERATURES; OUTER CORE; LIQUID FE; MARS; EQUATION; STABILITY; NICKEL AB Magnetic, elastic, thermodynamic, and vibrational properties of the most iron-rich sulfide, Fe3S, known to date have been studied with synchrotron Mossbauer spectroscopy (SMS) and nuclear resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (NRIXS) up to 57 GPa at room temperature. The magnetic hyperfine fields derived from the time spectra of the synchrotron Mossbauer spectroscopy show that the low-pressure magnetic phase displays two magnetic hyperfine field sites and that a magnetic collapse occurs at 21 GPa. The magnetic to non-magnetic transition significantly affects the elastic, thermodynamic, and vibrational properties of Fe3S. The magnetic collapse of Fe3S may also affect the phase relations in the iron-sulfur system, changing the solubility of sulfur in iron under higher pressures. Determination of the physical properties of the nonmagnetic Fe3S phase is important for the interpretation of the amount and properties of sulfur present in the planetary cores. Sound velocities of Fe3S obtained from the measured partial phonon density of states (PDOS) for Fe-57 incorporated in the alloy show that Fe3S has higher compressional and shear wave velocity than those of hcp-Fe and hcp-Fe0.92Ni0.08 alloy under high pressures, making sulfur a potential light element in the Earth's core based on geophysical arguments. The V-P and V-S of the non-magnetic Fe3S follow a Birch's law trend whereas the slopes decrease in the magnetic phase, indicating that the decrease of the magnetic moment significantly affects the sound velocities. If the Martian core is in the solid state containing 14.2 wt.% sulfur, it is likely that the non-magnetic Fe3S phase is a dominant component and that our measured sound velocities of Fe3S can be used to construct the corresponding velocity profile of the Martian core. It is also conceivable that Fe3P and Fe3C undergo similar magnetic phase transitions under high pressures. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Carnegie Inst Washington, Geophys Lab, Washington, DC 20015 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Lin, JF (reprint author), Carnegie Inst Washington, Geophys Lab, 5251 Broad Branch Rd NW, Washington, DC 20015 USA. EM j.lin@gl.ciw.edu; fei@gl.ciw.edu; struhahn@aps.anl.gov; jzhao@aps.anl.gov; mao@gl.ciw.edu; hemley@gl.ciw.edu RI Lin, Jung-Fu/B-4917-2011; Fei, Yingwei/F-3709-2011 OI Fei, Yingwei/0000-0001-9955-5353 NR 39 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 3 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0012-821X J9 EARTH PLANET SC LETT JI Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. PD SEP 30 PY 2004 VL 226 IS 1-2 BP 33 EP 40 DI 10.1016/j.epsl.2004.07.018 PG 8 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 858ZO UT WOS:000224231600003 ER PT J AU Yang, X Kiran, B Wang, XB Wang, LS Mucha, M Jungwirth, P AF Yang, X Kiran, B Wang, XB Wang, LS Mucha, M Jungwirth, P TI Solvation of the azide anion (N-3(-)) in water clusters and aqueous interfaces: A combined investigation by photoelectron spectroscopy, density functional calculations, and molecular dynamics simulations SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID DOUBLY-CHARGED ANIONS; AB-INITIO; INFRARED-SPECTRA; EXCITED-STATES; NITROGEN-ATOMS; GAS-PHASE; ION; PHOTODETACHMENT; N3; STABILIZATION AB We report a photoelectron spectroscopy and computational study of hydrated N-3(-) anion clusters, N-3(-)(H2O)(n) (n = 0-16), in the gas phase. Photoelectron spectra of the solvated azide anions were observed to consist of a single peak, similar to that of the bare N-3(-), but the spectral width was observed to broaden as a function of cluster size due to solvent relaxation upon electron detachment. The adiabatic and vertical electron detachment energies were measured as a function of solvent number. The measured electron binding energies indicate that the first four solvent molecules have much stronger interactions with the solute anion, forming the first solvation shell. The spectral width levels off at n = 7, suggesting that three waters in the second solvation shell are sufficient to capture the second shell effect in the solvent relaxation. Density functional calculations were carried out for N-3(-) solvated by one to five waters and showed that the first four waters interact directly with N-3(-) and form the first solvation shell on one side of the solute. The fifth water does not directly solvate N-3(-) and begins the second solvation shell, consistent with the observed photoelectron data. Molecular dynamics simulations on both solvated clusters and bulk interface revealed that the asymmetric solvation state in small clusters persist for larger systems and that N-3(-) prefers interfacial solvation on water clusters and at the extended vacuum/water interface. C1 Washington State Univ, Dept Phys, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, WR Wiley Environm Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Acad Sci Czech Republ, Inst Organ Chem & Biochem, CR-16610 Prague, Czech Republic. Ctr Complex Mol Syst & Biomol, Prague 16610 6, Czech Republic. RP Wang, LS (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Phys, 2710 Univ Dr, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM ls.wang@pnl.gov RI Jungwirth, Pavel/D-9290-2011 OI Jungwirth, Pavel/0000-0002-6892-3288 NR 44 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD SEP 30 PY 2004 VL 108 IS 39 BP 7820 EP 7826 DI 10.1021/jp0496396 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 856UV UT WOS:000224071600008 ER PT J AU McCunn, LR Krisch, MJ Takematsu, K Butler, LJ Shu, JN AF McCunn, LR Krisch, MJ Takematsu, K Butler, LJ Shu, JN TI Competing pathways in the 248 nm photodissociation of propionyl chloride and the barrier to dissociation of the propionyl radical SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID EMISSION-SPECTROSCOPY; PHOTOIONIZATION; DECOMPOSITION; KINETICS; PHOTOLYSIS; DYNAMICS; ACETONE; ACETYL; ATOM AB Photofragment translational spectroscopy was used to study the photodissociation of propionyl chloride at 248 nm. The crossed laser-molecular beam experiment with VUV photoionization showed two primary dissociation channels, C-Cl bond fission and HCl elimination. Following cleavage of the C-Cl bond, unimolecular dissociation of the propionyl radical produced CH3CH2 and CO. The energy barrier to the CH3CH2CO --> CH3CH2 + CO reaction was estimated to be in the range of 16.3 +/- 1.5 kcal/mol by determining the internal energy distribution of surviving propionyl radicals. No other secondary dissociation channels were observed for the propionyl radical. The HCl elimination channel, previously reported only for the condensed phase of propionyl chloride, was observed as the minor primary dissociation channel in the gas phase. The cofragment to the HCl elimination, CH3CHCO or CH2CH2CO, underwent secondary dissociation to produce CO and CH2CH2 with a significant amount of energy partitioned into translational motion. C1 Univ Chicago, James Franck Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Chem, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Butler, LJ (reprint author), Univ Chicago, James Franck Inst, 5640 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. EM ljb4@midway.uchicago.edu NR 23 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD SEP 30 PY 2004 VL 108 IS 39 BP 7889 EP 7894 DI 10.1021/jp0496506 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 856UV UT WOS:000224071600017 ER PT J AU Shu, JN Peterka, DS Leone, SR Ahmed, M AF Shu, JN Peterka, DS Leone, SR Ahmed, M TI Tunable synchrotron vacuum ultraviolet ionization, time-of-flight investigation of the photodissociation of trans-crotonaldehyde at 193 nm SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID VAPOR-PHASE PHOTOCHEMISTRY; MOLECULAR-STRUCTURE; GAS-PHASE; INTERNAL STATES; FRAGMENT HCO; ACROLEIN; PHOTOLYSIS; SPECTROSCOPY; EXCITATION; ALDEHYDES AB Photodissociation of the unsaturated trans-crotonaldehyde (CH3CHCHCHO) molecule at 193 nm is studied using photofragment translational spectroscopy (PTS) and detected by ionization with tunable synchrotron ultraviolet radiation. The photofragment time-of-flight (TOF) spectra at m/e = 68(C4H4O+), 55(C3H3O+), 41(C3H5+), 40(C3H4+), 39(C3H3+), 29(?), 28(CO+), 27(C2H3+), 26(C2H2+), and 15(CH3+) are measured. Mass 29 could not be unambiguously assigned. Analysis of these experimental results reveals three dissociation channels: H + C4H5O, CH3 + C3H3O, and CO + C3H6. A fourth channel associated with mass 29 could reflect either formation of HCO or C2H5. The measurements also indicate that C3H6 undergoes strong secondary dissociation. The center of mass (CM) translational energy distributions obtained by fitting the TOF mass spectra of the fragments yield values 42, 23, and 43 kJ/mol average CM kinetic energies for the H + C4H5O, CH3 + C3H3O and CO + C3H6 channels, respectively. The photoionization yield curve of the CHCHCHO radical is measured for the first time with an onset less than or equal to7.6 eV. The photodissociation mechanism of crotonaldehyde is compared with the photodissociation dynamics of acrolein (CH2CHCHO). C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Ahmed, M (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM mahmed@lbl.gov RI Ahmed, Musahid/A-8733-2009 NR 44 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD SEP 30 PY 2004 VL 108 IS 39 BP 7895 EP 7902 DI 10.1021/jp049638d PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 856UV UT WOS:000224071600018 ER PT J AU Hall, GE Komissarov, AV Sears, TJ AF Hall, GE Komissarov, AV Sears, TJ TI Doppler-resolved spectroscopy as an assignment tool in the spectrum of singlet methylene SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC-ROTATION SPECTROSCOPY; NEAR-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY; ORBITAL ANGULAR-MOMENTUM; ABSORPTION-SPECTROSCOPY; VIBRATIONAL RESONANCES; VISIBLE ABSORPTION; CH2; STATE; KETENE; PHOTODISSOCIATION AB New spectra of methylene, CH2, in the near-infrared have been obtained following 308 nm photolysis of ketene, CH2CO. Nascent photofragment Doppler spectra and thermalization kinetics vary systematically with the energy of the absorbing level, providing additional information to support or refute spectroscopic assignments made on the basis of the frequency measurements and combination differences. New assignments in the 10800 cm(-1) region extend to higher rotational levels than before and provide new spectroscopic term values for some CH2 a(1)A(1) state levels. The number and intensity distribution of unassigned lines in the spectrum is consistent with the expected transitions from vibrationally excited and high rotational levels of the a(1)A(1) state and transitions due to (CH2)-C-13 in natural abundance, and does not require a significant contribution from additional transitions arising from triplet-state perturbations. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Hall, GE (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM gehall@bnl.gov RI Hall, Gregory/D-4883-2013; Sears, Trevor/B-5990-2013 OI Hall, Gregory/0000-0002-8534-9783; Sears, Trevor/0000-0002-5559-0154 NR 27 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD SEP 30 PY 2004 VL 108 IS 39 BP 7922 EP 7927 DI 10.1021/jp0494133 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 856UV UT WOS:000224071600022 ER PT J AU Perri, MJ Van Wyngarden, AL Lin, JJ Lee, YT Boering, KA AF Perri, MJ Van Wyngarden, AL Lin, JJ Lee, YT Boering, KA TI Energy dependence of oxygen isotope exchange and quenching in the O(D-1)+CO2 reaction: A crossed molecular beam study SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID CARBON-DIOXIDE; HEAVY OZONE; STRATOSPHERIC CO2; COLLISIONAL DEACTIVATION; MIDDLE ATMOSPHERE; INFRARED SPECTRUM; METASTABLE STATES; RATE COEFFICIENTS; MULTI-ISOTOPE; GAS-PHASE AB The dynamics of the O-18(D-1) + (CO2)-C-44 oxygen isotope exchange reaction has been studied using a crossed molecular beam apparatus at collision energies of 4.2 and 7.7 kcal/mol. At both collision energies, two reaction channels are observed: isotope exchange in which quenching to O(P-3) occurs and isotope exchange in which the product oxygen atom remains on the singlet surface. Electronic quenching of O(D-1) is the major channel at both collision energies, accounting for 84% of isotope exchange at 4.2 kcal/mol and 67% at 7.7 kcal/mol. Both channels proceed via a CO3* complex that is long-lived with respect to its rotational period. Combined with recent ab initio and statistical calculations by Mebel et al., the long complex lifetimes suggest that statistical isotope exchange occurs in the CO3* complex (apart from zero-point energy isotope effects), although the existence of a small, dynamically driven unconventional isotope effect in this reaction cannot yet be ruled out. These new molecular-level details may help provide a more quantitative understanding of the heavy isotope enrichment in CO2 observed in the stratosphere. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Chem, Taipei 10764, Taiwan. Acad Sinica, Inst Atom & Mol Sci, Taipei 115, Taiwan. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Boering, KA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM boering@cchem.berkeley.edu RI Perri, Mark/E-9176-2010; Lin, Jim Jr-Min/F-7916-2012; Lee, Yuan-Tseh/F-7914-2012 NR 56 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 14 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD SEP 30 PY 2004 VL 108 IS 39 BP 7995 EP 8001 DI 10.1021/jp0485845 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 856UV UT WOS:000224071600030 ER PT J AU Hayashi, M Lin, SH Shen, YR AF Hayashi, M Lin, SH Shen, YR TI Applications of molecular theory of sum-frequency generations to study molecular chirality SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID 2ND HARMONIC-GENERATION; VIBRATIONAL SPECTROSCOPY; 2ND-HARMONIC GENERATION; OPTICAL ACTIVITY; SURFACES; LIQUIDS; HYPERPOLARIZABILITY; ADSORPTION; MICROSCOPY; MECHANISM AB Theoretical expressions for sum-frequency generation (SFG) signals, which can be applied to treat various SFG experiments, have been derived. We have applied the theoretical results to study the SFG experiments for the near-electronic resonant, singly resonant IR-UV, and doubly resonant IR-UV cases that are associated with the measurements reported by Shen's group. We have taken into account both the electric and magnetic dipole interactions and the applied laser and detection polarization combinations explicitly. Relationships between the polarization combinations and the electric-dipole-electric-dipole mechanism, the electric-dipole-magnetic-dipole mechanism, the magnetic-dipole-electric-dipole mechanism, and the magnetic-dipole-magnetic-dipole mechanisms are clarified. Based on the theoretical results, near-electronic resonant SFG, singly resonant IR-UV SFG, doubly resonant IR SFG experiments are discussed. C1 Natl Taiwan Univ, Ctr Condensed Matter Sci, Taipei 106, Taiwan. Acad Sinica, Inst Atom & Mol Sci, Taipei 106, Taiwan. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Hayashi, M (reprint author), Natl Taiwan Univ, Ctr Condensed Matter Sci, 1 Roosevelt Rd,Sec 4, Taipei 106, Taiwan. EM atmyh@ccms.ntu.edu.tw RI Hayashi, Michitoshi/K-6314-2014 OI Hayashi, Michitoshi/0000-0001-7507-8708 NR 50 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD SEP 30 PY 2004 VL 108 IS 39 BP 8058 EP 8076 DI 10.1021/jp0492467 PG 19 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 856UV UT WOS:000224071600038 ER PT J AU Townsend, D Lee, SK Suits, AG AF Townsend, D Lee, SK Suits, AG TI DC slice Imaging of CH3Cl photolysis at 193.3 nm SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID ULTRAVIOLET PHOTODISSOCIATION DYNAMICS; MAGNETIC CIRCULAR-DICHROISM; BOND-DISSOCIATION ENERGIES; FLIGHT MASS-SPECTROMETRY; METHYL-IODIDE; A-BAND; RECOIL ANISOTROPY; TRANSLATIONAL SPECTROSCOPY; 1ST CONTINUUM; VELOCITY DISTRIBUTIONS AB The DC slice imaging method is used to record energy- and angle-resolved distributions for both ground-state Cl (P-2(3/2)) and spin-orbit excited Cl* (P-2(1/2)) photofragments produced from the (A) over tilde -band photolysis of CH3Cl at 193.3 nm. The dissociation is found to be highly impulsive, with similar to90% of the available energy being released into translation. The angular distributions are predominantly perpendicular in the case of both the ground state and spin-orbit excited chlorine atom fragments, as characterized by recoil-energy averaged values of beta = -0.46 and beta* = -0.74 respectively, although we find considerable variation in both channels as a function of CH3 internal energy. In contradiction with previous measurements, we conclude that the transition to the (1)Q(1) state dominates much of the (A) over tilde -band profile, and this has significant implications for the description of the dissociation dynamics. Our findings are rationalized in terms of similar measurements performed with other methyl halides and their H atom substituted analogues. C1 SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Wayne State Univ, Dept Chem, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. RP Townsend, D (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. EM David.Townsend@sunysb.edu RI Townsend, Dave/K-3461-2015 NR 63 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD SEP 30 PY 2004 VL 108 IS 39 BP 8106 EP 8114 DI 10.1021/jp0490756 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 856UV UT WOS:000224071600044 ER PT J AU Wang, W Gu, BH Liang, LY Hamilton, WA Wesolowski, DJ AF Wang, W Gu, BH Liang, LY Hamilton, WA Wesolowski, DJ TI Synthesis of rutile (alpha-TiO2) nanocrystals with controlled size and shape by low-temperature hydrolysis: Effects of solvent composition SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Letter ID TIO2 ULTRAFINE POWDERS; TITANIUM-DIOXIDE; HYDROTHERMAL SYNTHESIS; RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; THERMAL HYDROLYSIS; AMORPHOUS TITANIA; ANATASE; TICL4; PHASE; LIGHT AB A new methodology was developed to synthesize uniform rutile (alpha-TiO2) nanocrystals by the thermohydrolysis of titanium(IV) chloride in hydrochloric acid-alcohol aqueous solutions at 40-90 degreesC. Depending on the acidity, the solvent used, and the aging temperature, rod-shaped rutile nanocrystals in sizes ranging from similar to100 nm to 800 nm were obtained. Nanocrystal size and shape are shown to be strongly and systematically related to the type and the concentration of alcohol used in the alcohol-water solvent, as well as the presence or absence of both cationic and anionic surfactants. No other titania phases, such as anatase or brookite, were detected using X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Condensed Matter Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Wang, W (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM wangw@ornl.gov RI Wang, Wei/B-5924-2012; Gu, Baohua/B-9511-2012; Liang, Liyuan/O-7213-2014 OI Gu, Baohua/0000-0002-7299-2956; Liang, Liyuan/0000-0003-1338-0324 NR 47 TC 116 Z9 119 U1 9 U2 75 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD SEP 30 PY 2004 VL 108 IS 39 BP 14789 EP 14792 DI 10.1021/jp0470952 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 856UI UT WOS:000224070200001 ER PT J AU Lai, JR Shafi, KVPM Ulman, A Loos, K Yang, NL Cui, MH Vogt, T Estournes, S Locke, DC AF Lai, JR Shafi, KVPM Ulman, A Loos, K Yang, NL Cui, MH Vogt, T Estournes, S Locke, DC TI Mixed iron-manganese oxide nanoparticles SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID GAMMA-FE2O3 NANOPARTICLES; SONOCHEMICAL PREPARATION; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; NANOCRYSTALLINE GAMMA-FE2O3; NIFE2O4 PARTICLES; AMORPHOUS IRON; ZN FERRITES; SIZE; TEMPERATURE; PYROLYSIS AB Designing nanoparticles for practical applications requires knowledge and control of how their desired properties relate to their composition and structure. Here, we present a detailed systematic study of mixed iron-manganese oxide nanoparticles, showing that ultrasonication provides the high-energy reaction conditions required for complete atomic level mixing of Fe(III) and Mn(III) when amorphous Fe2O3 nanoparticles are irradiated in the presence of Mn-2(CO)(10) in ambient atmosphere. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results reveal that the crystal structure of manganese iron mixed oxide nanoparticles changes from spinel to bixbyite with increasing of Mn(III) content. The results of room-temperature magnetization curves are consistent with the XRD patterns and spin density from electron paramagnetic resonance measurements, showing samples converting from superparamagnetic to antiferromagnetic, when the crystal structures of these samples transform from spinel to bixbyite. C1 Polytech Univ, Dept Chem Engn Chem & Mat Sci, Brooklyn, NY 11201 USA. CUNY Coll Staten Isl, Dept Chem, Staten Isl, NY USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Inst Phys & Chim Mat Strasbourg, CNR, UMR7504, ULP, F-67084 Strasbourg, France. CUNY Queens Coll, NSF MRSEC Polymers Engineered Interfaces, Flushing, NY 11367 USA. CUNY Queens Coll, Dept Chem & Biochem, Flushing, NY 11367 USA. RP Locke, DC (reprint author), Polytech Univ, Dept Chem Engn Chem & Mat Sci, 6 Metrotech Ctr, Brooklyn, NY 11201 USA. EM aulman@duke.poly.edu RI Loos, Katja/B-9792-2008; Vogt, Thomas /A-1562-2011; ESTOURNES, Claude/F-2322-2017 OI Loos, Katja/0000-0002-4613-1159; Vogt, Thomas /0000-0002-4731-2787; ESTOURNES, Claude/0000-0001-8381-8454 NR 56 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 2 U2 23 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD SEP 30 PY 2004 VL 108 IS 39 BP 14876 EP 14883 DI 10.1021/jp049913 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 856UI UT WOS:000224070200017 ER PT J AU Gateshki, M Hwang, SJ Park, DH Ren, Y Petkov, V AF Gateshki, M Hwang, SJ Park, DH Ren, Y Petkov, V TI Structure of nanocrystalline alkali metal manganese oxides by the atomic pair distribution function technique SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID RECHARGEABLE LITHIUM BATTERIES; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; ELECTROCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS; RIETVELD-ANALYSIS; CATHODE MATERIAL; SPINEL; PROGRAM; PERFORMANCE; REFINEMENT; ELECTRODE AB The atomic scale structures of two nanocrystalline K-Li-Mn-O-I materials obtained through Chimie Douce route in aqueous and acetone solutions have been determined using X-ray diffraction and atomic Pair Distribution Function technique. Both samples have been found to possess a layered-type structure, where the layers are made of edge-shared MnO6 octahedra. With the sample prepared in aqueous solution, the layers are well separated and the interlayer space is occupied by both Li and K atoms. With the sample prepared in acetone solution the Mn-O layers are not so well separated and encapsulate mostly Li atoms. This material exhibits some Li/Mn substitutional disorder as well. The new structural information has been used to explain the electrochemical behavior of the two nanocrystalline materials. Some methodological aspects of the atomic pair distribution function technique and its applicability to study the structure of crystalline and nanocrystalline materials have been discussed as well. C1 Cent Michigan Univ, Dept Phys, Mt Pleasant, MI 48859 USA. Konkuk Univ, Coll Nat Sci, Dept Appl Chem, Chungbuk 380701, South Korea. Konkuk Univ, Coll Nat Sci, Ctr Emerging Wireless Transmiss Technol, Chungbuk 380701, South Korea. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Petkov, V (reprint author), Cent Michigan Univ, Dept Phys, 203 Dow Sci, Mt Pleasant, MI 48859 USA. EM petkov@phy.cmich.edu NR 37 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD SEP 30 PY 2004 VL 108 IS 39 BP 14956 EP 14963 DI 10.1021/jp048340k PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 856UI UT WOS:000224070200028 ER PT J AU Cygan, RT Guggenheim, S van Groos, AFK AF Cygan, RT Guggenheim, S van Groos, AFK TI Molecular models for the intercalation of methane hydrate complexes in montmorillonite clay SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; COMPUTER-SIMULATION; HYDROPHOBIC HYDRATION; LATTICE DISTORTION; MINERAL SURFACES; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; WATER; ADSORPTION; PHASE; DIFFRACTION AB Molecular simulations were performed to determine the structure and behavior of methane and H2O in the interlayer of various montmorillonite clays. Molecular dynamics using NPT ensembles and large simulation supercells-comprised of Na-, K-, Ca-, and Mg-montmorillonite with methane and H2O-provide all-atom trajectories for simulation times up to 200 ps. Simulated X-ray diffraction patterns for the equilibrated structures exhibit basal (001) d-values that range from 23 Angstrom to 24 Angstrom. Radial distribution functions for carbon-carbon, oxygen-oxygen, and carbon-oxygen derived from the trajectories indicate an interlayer structure that is different from the bulk methane hydrate and from methane in aqueous solution. Some order of the methane hydrate structure is preserved within the interlayer and is related to the formation of methane clathrate structures with H2O and the clay surfaces and the formation of a hydrogen-bonded network in the interlayer. The theoretical results support the recent experimental observation of a stable methane hydrate intercalate with Na-montmorillonite. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Geochem, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. RP Cygan, RT (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Geochem, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM rtcygan@sandia.gov NR 50 TC 49 Z9 55 U1 4 U2 34 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD SEP 30 PY 2004 VL 108 IS 39 BP 15141 EP 15149 DI 10.1021/jp037900x PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 856UI UT WOS:000224070200052 ER PT J AU Peterson, EJ Weeks, BL De Yoreo, JJ Schwartz, PV AF Peterson, EJ Weeks, BL De Yoreo, JJ Schwartz, PV TI Effect of environmental conditions on Dip Pen Nanolithography of mercaptohexadecanoic acid SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID MOLECULARLY THIN-FILMS; FORCE MICROSCOPE; WATER-ADSORPTION; SURFACES; MICA; TRANSPORT; GOLD; TIP; INK AB To better understand the process of Probe Mediated Deposition (PMD), or Dip-Pen Nanolithography (DPN), we have studied the transport of an amphiphilic molecule, mercaptohexadecanoic acid (MHA), from the tip of an atomic force microscope (AFM) onto a gold substrate. The process was studied as a function of relative humidity (RH), total elapsed patterning time, and procedure for coating the AFM tip with MHA. Molecular transport is strongly dependent on the conditions of the AFM tip, such as prior cleaning techniques, and whether MHA was deposited dry onto the AFM tip, or from a solution. The transport rate of MHA decreases in a roughly exponential manner over about one hour to a rate that is less than a fourth that of the original transport rate. While the molecular transport rate was independent of RH for 52% RH or less, increasing the RH to 70% about doubled the transport rate, and at 98% RH an increase of about 500% was observed. Our data suggest that the MHA is mobile in the absence of a water meniscus, supporting a dual transport mechanism, whereby at low RH, thermal diffusion drives the "dry deposition" of MHA. As RH increases above similar to52%, there is sufficient water present at the tip-substrate interface for aqueous transport of solvated MHA to augment the transport rate. C1 Calif Polytech State Univ San Luis Obispo, Dept Chem, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biosecur & Nanosci Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Calif Polytech State Univ San Luis Obispo, Dept Phys, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407 USA. RP Schwartz, PV (reprint author), Calif Polytech State Univ San Luis Obispo, Dept Chem, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407 USA. EM pschwart@calpoly.edu RI Weeks, Brandon/P-6331-2014 OI Weeks, Brandon/0000-0003-2552-4129 NR 25 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD SEP 30 PY 2004 VL 108 IS 39 BP 15206 EP 15210 DI 10.1021/jp048177t PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 856UI UT WOS:000224070200059 ER PT J AU Davis, RW Patrick, EL Meyer, LA Ortiz, TP Marshall, JA Keller, DJ Brozik, SM Brozik, JA AF Davis, RW Patrick, EL Meyer, LA Ortiz, TP Marshall, JA Keller, DJ Brozik, SM Brozik, JA TI Thermodynamic properties of single ion channel formation: Gramicidin SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID LIPID BILAYER-MEMBRANES; TRANSMEMBRANE CHANNEL; MOLECULE FLUORESCENCE; PHOSPHOLIPID-VESICLES; A CHANNEL; INACTIVATION; CHOLESTEROL; MICROSCOPY; LIFETIME; HELIX AB Single molecule fluorescence imaging has been used to unequivocally differentiate between rhodamine-6G labeled gramicidin monomeric subunits and channel-forming dimers. Absolute identification of individual particles was achieved by accounting for both particle diffusion and intensity, with dimer intensity being twice that of the monomers. In accordance with current diffusion models of proteins in bilayer membranes, we observed dimers to diffuse more slowly through the bilayer than the monomers and have reported diffusion coefficients of 1.2 x 10(-8) and 3.5 x 10(-8) cm(2)/s for the dimers and monomers, respectively. By correlating the diffusion data with measured fluorescence intensities of the tracked particles, it was possible to determine the distribution of monomers and dimers within the bilayer at various temperatures. The results allow complete characterization of the thermodynamic properties of dimer formation, 2G(1) <----> G(2), necessary for channel function. Reported are the temperature-dependent equilibrium constants, DeltaH(Reaction)degrees, DeltaG(Reaction)degrees, DeltaS(Reaction)degrees, formation in an artificial lipid membrane that has a thickness (30 Angstrom) which is on the same order as the length of the gramicidin channel (26 Angstrom). These experiments compliment and expand single molecule fluorescence methods needed to understand the complexities of ion channel structure/function relationships. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Univ New Mexico, Dept Chem, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Brozik, SM (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM smbrozi@sandia.gov NR 35 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD SEP 30 PY 2004 VL 108 IS 39 BP 15364 EP 15369 DI 10.1021/jp049686y PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 856UI UT WOS:000224070200079 ER PT J AU Leal, C Topgaard, D Martin, RW Wennerstrom, H AF Leal, C Topgaard, D Martin, RW Wennerstrom, H TI NMR studies of molecular mobility in a DNA-amphiphile complex SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; LAMELLAR LIQUID-CRYSTALS; HIGH-RESOLUTION NMR; CATIONIC SURFACTANT; PHASE-BEHAVIOR; SPECTROSCOPY; DIFFUSION; SYSTEMS; MODEL; TRANSITION AB The molecular mobility in a hexagonal DNA-cationic surfactant complex is studied using H-1 and C-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The charge-compensated complex can swell in water up to a content of approximately seven water molecules per charge. The NMR measurements show that in the dry state the alkyl chains of the surfactant have the properties of a disordered solid with internal motions of sufficient amplitude to substantially narrow the H-1 resonance line from the rigid lattice limit. As water is introduced, there is an increase in molecular motion resulting in further narrowing of the signal. In the fully swollen system, the signal is narrower than that observed for a normal hexagonal liquid crystalline phase with the same surfactant. This shows that the alkyl chains are packed with a degree of disorder that is higher than in the corresponding liquid crystalline surfactant system, reflecting the aggregate deformations induced by the requirement of charge matching with DNA. Furthermore, the translational diffusional motion of the surfactant molecule is slower than D < 10(-13) m(2)/s, while for the water molecules we observe D going from 1 x 10(-11)m(2)/ s at 5 water molecules per base pair to 2 x 10(-10) m(2)/s at the swelling limit of 27 waters per base pair. The DNA remains solid throughout the hydration range. By combining the NMR observations with the thermodynamic characterization of the system by Leal et al.(1) we arrive at a detailed description of the molecular organization in the complex between DNA and the single chain cationic surfactant hexadecyltrimethylammonium, CTA. C1 Lund Univ, S-22100 Lund, Sweden. Univ Calif Berkeley, Div Mat Sci, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Leal, C (reprint author), Lund Univ, POB 124, S-22100 Lund, Sweden. EM Cecilia.Leal@fkem1.lu.se; topgaard@waugh.cchem.berkeley.edu NR 29 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD SEP 30 PY 2004 VL 108 IS 39 BP 15392 EP 15397 DI 10.1021/jp0480495 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 856UI UT WOS:000224070200083 ER PT J AU Otero, TF Marquez, M Suarez, IJ AF Otero, TF Marquez, M Suarez, IJ TI Polypyrrole: Diffusion coefficients and degradation by overoxidation SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID CONFORMATIONAL RELAXATION CONTROL; ELECTROCHEMICAL OXIDATION; CONDUCTING POLYMERS; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; DRUG-DELIVERY; FILMS; MODEL; REDOX; ELECTRODE; BEHAVIOR AB The electroactivity of electrogenerated polypyrrole films was degraded by applying consecutive anodic potential pulses (overoxidation). After each degradation step, the electroactivity of the material was recorded by voltammetric and chronoamperometric measurements. The charge consumed during each degradation step was calculated by the difference between the degradation and the control chronoamperograms. The diffusion coefficients of the counterions within the material were obtained from the control chronoamperograms by applying the electrochemically stimulated conformational-relaxation model. As the materials became increasingly degraded, slower oxidation processes were observed, and decreasing diffusion coefficients were obtained. These observations point to growing cross linking between neighboring polymeric chains during the degradation process, thus reducing conjugation lengths and increasing the rigidity of the conformational electro-chemo-stimulated movements on the chains. An electroactivity degradation of 50% induces a 15% increase in the weight of the material, pointing to the presence of rigid and oxidized islands entrapped by cross-linking points that prevent any ionic interchanges. C1 Univ Politecn Cartagena, CEMI, Lab Electrochem Intelligents Mat & Devices, Murcia 30203, Spain. Kraft Gen Foods Inc, Nanotechnol Lab, Glenview, IL 60025 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Otero, TF (reprint author), Univ Politecn Cartagena, CEMI, Lab Electrochem Intelligents Mat & Devices, Campus Alfonso 13, Murcia 30203, Spain. EM toribio.fotero@upct.es; mmarquez@kraft.com; isuarez@ual.es RI Suarez, Ivan/B-9022-2011; OTERO, TORIBIO/C-8348-2009 OI Suarez, Ivan/0000-0002-6327-2914; OTERO, TORIBIO/0000-0002-8517-1428 NR 34 TC 50 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD SEP 30 PY 2004 VL 108 IS 39 BP 15429 EP 15433 DI 10.1021/jp0490608 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 856UI UT WOS:000224070200088 ER PT J AU Geddes, CGR Toth, C van Tilborg, J Esarey, E Schroeder, CB Bruhwiler, D Nieter, C Cary, J Leemans, WP AF Geddes, CGR Toth, C van Tilborg, J Esarey, E Schroeder, CB Bruhwiler, D Nieter, C Cary, J Leemans, WP TI High-quality electron beams from a laser wakefield accelerator using plasma-channel guiding SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID THOMSON SCATTERING; PULSES; INJECTION; GENERATION; WAVES; GASES AB Laser-driven accelerators, in which particles are accelerated by the electric field of a plasma wave ( the wakefield) driven by an intense laser, have demonstrated accelerating electric fields of hundreds of GV m(-1) ( refs 1 - 3). These fields are thousands of times greater than those achievable in conventional radiofrequency accelerators, spurring interest in laser accelerators(4,5) as compact next-generation sources of energetic electrons and radiation. To date, however, acceleration distances have been severely limited by the lack of a controllable method for extending the propagation distance of the focused laser pulse. The ensuing short acceleration distance results in low-energy beams with 100 per cent electron energy spread(1-3), which limits potential applications. Here we demonstrate a laser accelerator that produces electron beams with an energy spread of a few per cent, low emittance and increased energy ( more than 10(9) electrons above 80 MeV). Our technique involves the use of a preformed plasma density channel to guide a relativistically intense laser, resulting in a longer propagation distance. The results open the way for compact and tunable high-brightness sources of electrons and radiation. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Tech Univ Eindhoven, NL-5600 MB Eindhoven, Netherlands. Tech X Corp, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Leemans, WP (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM wpleemans@lbl.gov NR 30 TC 1216 Z9 1242 U1 14 U2 121 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD SEP 30 PY 2004 VL 431 IS 7008 BP 538 EP 541 DI 10.1038/nature02900 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 857YP UT WOS:000224156700038 PM 15457252 ER PT J AU Iglesias, B Cobas, A Perez, D Guitian, E Vollhardt, KPC AF Iglesias, B Cobas, A Perez, D Guitian, E Vollhardt, KPC TI Tris(benzocyclobutadieno)triphenylene and its lower biphenylene homologues by palladium-catalyzed cyclizations of 2,3-didehydrobiphenylene SO ORGANIC LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-SHIFTS; HYDROCARBONS; COCYCLIZATION; HEXABENZOTRIPHENYLENE; <7>PHENYLENE; DERIVATIVES; PHENYLENES; REACTIVITY; HELIPHENES; TOPOLOGY AB The Pd-catalyzed cycloaddition of didehydrobiphenylenes 2a,b, generated from the corresponding 3-(trimethylsilyl)-2-biphenylenyl triflates with fluoride, furnishes the C-3-symmetric trimers 1a,b in which the embedded triphenylene unit is distorted to increase the aromaticity of the central benzene ring. Cocylization of 2a,b with dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate provides the phenanthrene- and naphthalenecarboxylic ester analogues, depending on the catalyst used. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Ctr New Direct Organ Synth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Santiago de Compostela, Dept Quim Organ, Santiago De Compostela 15782, Spain. RP Iglesias, B (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Ctr New Direct Organ Synth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM qodolopm@usc.es; kpcv@berkeley.edu RI Perez, Dolores/J-6588-2015; Guitian, Enrique/H-9018-2015 OI Perez, Dolores/0000-0003-0877-5938; Guitian, Enrique/0000-0003-4785-3812 NR 32 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1523-7060 J9 ORG LETT JI Org. Lett. PD SEP 30 PY 2004 VL 6 IS 20 BP 3557 EP 3560 DI 10.1021/ol048548o PG 4 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 857JH UT WOS:000224112000033 PM 15387547 ER PT J AU Hou, JW Wilder, PJ Bernadt, CT Boer, B Neve, RM Rizzino, A AF Hou, JW Wilder, PJ Bernadt, CT Boer, B Neve, RM Rizzino, A TI Transcriptional regulation of the murine Elf3 gene in embryonal carcinoma cells and their differentiated counterparts: requirement for a novel upstream regulatory region SO GENE LA English DT Article DE Ets proteins; differentiation; gene regulation; distal enhancer; ESX; ESE1; ERT; Jen ID II RECEPTOR EXPRESSION; GENOMIC ORGANIZATION; PROMOTER ELEMENTS; ETS FAMILY; KAPPA-B; EPITHELIUM; CANCER; ESE-1; INDUCTION; SEQUENCES AB The transcription factor Elf3, which is one of over 25 Ets family members, is expressed in a wide variety of carcinomas and has been shown to promote the transcription of many genes implicated in cancer. To understand how the Elf3 gene is regulated at the transcriptional level, we probed its 5'-flanking region, and we report here the identification of both proximal and distal regions that regulate murine Elf3 promoter activity. In addition to mapping the transcription start site of the Elf3 gene, the work described in this study identifies four cis-regulatory elements in the proximal promoter region of the gene. These include a cis-regulatory element previously designated ESE, a kappaB site, a POU motif, and a CCAAT box. In addition, we demonstrate that a novel 94 bp region 2 kb upstream of the transcription start site significantly elevates Elf3 promoter activity in F9-differentiated cells, but not in the parental F9 embryonal carcinoma (EC) cells. This region appears to be largely responsible for the increase in Elf3 promoter activity that accompanies the differentiation of embryonal carcinoma cells. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Nebraska, Med Ctr, Eppley Inst Res Canc & Allied Dis, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. Univ Nebraska, Med Ctr, Dept Pathol & Microbiol, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Rizzino, A (reprint author), Nebraska Med Ctr, Eppley Inst Res Canc & Allied Dis, Omaha, NE 68198 USA. EM arizzino@unmc.edu FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 74771, CA 36727] NR 24 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1119 J9 GENE JI Gene PD SEP 29 PY 2004 VL 340 IS 1 BP 123 EP 131 DI 10.1016/j.gene.2004.06.007 PG 9 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 860RA UT WOS:000224359500012 PM 15556300 ER PT J AU Feldman, WC Head, JW Maurice, S Prettyman, TH Elphic, RC Funsten, HO Lawrence, DJ Tokar, RL Vaniman, DT AF Feldman, WC Head, JW Maurice, S Prettyman, TH Elphic, RC Funsten, HO Lawrence, DJ Tokar, RL Vaniman, DT TI Recharge mechanism of near-equatorial hydrogen on Mars: Atmospheric redistribution or sub-surface aquifer SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GLOBAL DISTRIBUTION; MARTIAN GULLIES; WATER-VAPOR; GROUND ICE; SURFACE; ODYSSEY; BEHAVIOR; DEPOSITS; MODEL AB The geographical distribution of water-equivalent-hydrogen (WEH) near the equator of Mars was compared with the topography and distribution of atmospheric water vapor to constrain possible recharge mechanisms of near-surface water (<1 m of the surface). Recharge through a subsurface conduit provided by an aquifer, although possible, seems less likely than recharge through the atmosphere. Although the spatial distribution of WEH does not correspond to the current distribution of water vapor in the atmosphere, several terrestrial analogs indicate that dynamics of atmospheric circulation during periods of higher obliquity prior to the present epoch can qualitatively account for the observed WEH distribution. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Brown Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Providence, RI 02912 USA. CESR OMP, F-31400 Toulouse, France. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM wfeldman@lanl.gov RI Funsten, Herbert/A-5702-2015; Lawrence, David/E-7463-2015 OI Funsten, Herbert/0000-0002-6817-1039; Lawrence, David/0000-0002-7696-6667 NR 23 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD SEP 29 PY 2004 VL 31 IS 18 AR L18701 DI 10.1029/2004GL020661 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 861HY UT WOS:000224408400004 ER PT J AU Kawa, SR Erickson, DJ Pawson, S Zhu, Z AF Kawa, SR Erickson, DJ Pawson, S Zhu, Z TI Global CO2 transport simulations using meteorological data from the NASA data assimilation system SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article DE carbon dioxide; data assimilation ID ATMOSPHERIC CARBON-DIOXIDE; COMMUNITY CLIMATE MODEL; REFLECTED SUNLIGHT; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; SATELLITE-OBSERVATIONS; SOURCE INVERSIONS; SEASONAL CYCLE; NORTH-AMERICA; SINKS; SENSITIVITY AB [ 1] We present a first analysis of atmospheric CO2 transport using meteorological data from the NASA finite volume data assimilation system (FVDAS). The analyzed meteorological fields are used along with climatological surface sources and sinks in an off-line, forward transport simulation for 1998 - 2000. Analysis of model diagnostics and comparisons to previous results indicates that the model performance is consistent with that of most previous global transport models. The model interhemispheric gradients along with the timing and magnitude of the CO2 seasonal cycle are discussed, providing inferences regarding the northern biosphere, tropical land, and southern ocean fluxes. Global distributions of column-integrated CO2 are presented to provide a basis for measurement requirements for the design of satellite-based instruments for atmospheric CO2 column. On the synoptic scale we find a significant benefit in using the FVDAS analyzed winds for comparisons to data. At near-equatorial observation sites, the model correctly simulates the observed atmospheric composition transition associated with the latitudinal movement of the ITCZ. Comparison to daily data from continuous analyzer sites shows the model captures a substantial amount of the observed synoptic variability due to transport changes. These results show the potential to use high temporal and spatial resolution remote sensing data to constrain CO2 surface fluxes, and they form the starting point for developing an operational CO2 assimilation system to produce high-resolution distributions of atmospheric CO2 and quantitative estimates of the global carbon budget. C1 NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Global Modeling & Assimilat Off, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Goddard Earth Sci & Technol Ctr, Baltimore, MD 20771 USA. Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. RP NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Global Modeling & Assimilat Off, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM stephan.r.kawa@nasa.gov RI Kawa, Stephan/E-9040-2012; Pawson, Steven/I-1865-2014 OI Pawson, Steven/0000-0003-0200-717X NR 53 TC 61 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X EI 2169-8996 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD SEP 29 PY 2004 VL 109 IS D18 AR D18312 DI 10.1029/2004JD004554 PG 17 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 861IG UT WOS:000224409200004 ER PT J AU Marchand, R Ackerman, T AF Marchand, R Ackerman, T TI Evaluation of radiometric measurements from the NASA Multiangle Imaging Spectroradiometer (MISR): Two- and three-dimensional radiative transfer modeling of an inhomogeneous stratocumulus cloud deck SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article DE 3-D radiative transfer; satellite remote sensing; satellite calibration ID OPTICAL DEPTH; RETRIEVALS; SURFACE; ANGLE; VALIDATION; SCALE; RADAR AB [ 1] In December 1999, NASA launched the Terra satellite. This platform carries five instruments that measure important properties of the Earth climate system. One of these instruments is the Multiangle Imaging Spectroradiometer, or MISR. This instrument measures light reflected from the Earth at a spatial resolution of 275 - 1100 m, at four wavelengths ( 446, 558, 672, and 866 nm), and at nine different viewing angles that vary from + 70 to - 70 degrees along the direction of flight [ Diner et al., 2002]. These multiangle data have the potential to provide information on aerosols, surface, and cloud characteristics that compliments traditional single-view-direction satellite measurements. Before this potential can be realized, the accuracy of the satellite radiance measurements must be carefully assessed, and the implications of the radiometric accuracy on remote-sensing algorithms must be evaluated. In this article, we compare MISR multiangle measurements against two-dimensional (2-D) and 3-D radiative transfer calculations from an inhomogeneous cloud scene. Inputs to the radiative transfer code are based entirely on independently gathered data ( ground-based radar, lidar, microwave radiometer, in situ aircraft data, etc.). The 2-D radiative transfer calculations compare favorably near nadir and in most of the forward scattering directions, but differ by as much as 10% in the backscattering directions. Using 3-D radiative transfer modeling, we show that this difference is due to the 3-D structure of the cloud deck, including variations in the cloud top height on scales less than 275 m, which are not resolved in the 2-D simulations. Comparison of the 2-D calculations to the MISR measurements, after accounting for the 3-D structure, show residual differences that are less than 4% at all angles at the MISR blue and green wavelengths. The comparison also reveals that the MISR measurements at the red and near-infrared wavelengths are too bright relative to measurements in the blue and green bands. On the basis of the results of this study, along with results from five other comparisons, the MISR calibration is being adjusted to reduce the red and near-infrared radiances. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Marchand, R (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM roj@pnl.gov NR 24 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD SEP 29 PY 2004 VL 109 IS D18 AR D18208 DI 10.1029/2004JD004710 PG 13 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 861IG UT WOS:000224409200009 ER PT J AU Massie, ST Torres, O Smith, SJ AF Massie, ST Torres, O Smith, SJ TI Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) observations of increases in Asian aerosol in winter from 1979 to 2000 SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article DE aerosol; regional pollution; decadal trends ID SULFUR-DIOXIDE EMISSIONS; INDIAN-OCEAN EXPERIMENT; LONG-RANGE TRANSPORT; AIR-POLLUTION; CLIMATIC CONTROL; ACID DEPOSITION; NORTH-AMERICA; YELLOW SAND; DUST STORMS; TERM RECORD AB [1] Emission inventories indicate that the largest increases in SO2 emissions have occurred in Asia during the last 20 years. By inference, the largest increases in aerosol, produced primarily by the conversion of SO2 to sulfate, should have occurred in Asia during the same time period. Decadal changes in regional aerosol optical depths are calculated by analyzing Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer ( TOMS) vertical aerosol optical depths ( converted to 550 nm) from 1979 to 2000 on a 1degrees by 1degrees global grid. The anthropogenic component of the TOMS aerosol record is maximized by examining the seasonal cycles of desert dust and boreal fire smoke and identifying the months of the year for which the desert dust and boreal fire smoke are least conspicuous. Gobi and Taklimakan desert dust in Asia is prevalent in the TOMS record during spring, and eastern Siberian smoke from boreal forest fires is prevalent during summer. Aerosol trends are calculated on a regional basis during winter ( November - February) to maximize the anthropogenic component of the aerosol record. Large increases in aerosol optical depths between 1979 and 2000 are present over the China coastal plain and the Ganges River basin in India. Aerosol increased by 17% per decade during winter over the China coastal plain, while SO2 emissions over the same geographical region increased by 35% per decade. C1 Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Joint Ctr Earth Syst Technol, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. JGCRI, Pacific NW Natl Lab, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, 1850 Table Mesa Dr, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. EM massie@acd.ucar.edu RI Torres, Omar/G-4929-2013 NR 48 TC 77 Z9 78 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X EI 2169-8996 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD SEP 29 PY 2004 VL 109 IS D18 AR D18211 DI 10.1029/2004JD004620 PG 14 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 861IG UT WOS:000224409200006 ER PT J AU Maxwell-Meier, K Weber, R Song, C Orsini, D Ma, Y Carmichael, GR Streets, DG AF Maxwell-Meier, K Weber, R Song, C Orsini, D Ma, Y Carmichael, GR Streets, DG TI Inorganic composition of fine particles in mixed mineral dust-pollution plumes observed from airborne measurements during ACE-Asia SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article DE Asian dust; fine particles; ion chemistry ID GAS-AEROSOL EQUILIBRIUM; TRACE-P EXPERIMENT; SEA-SALT; HETEROGENEOUS REACTIONS; CHEMICAL EVOLUTION; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; CONTINENTAL OUTFLOW; TRANSPORT; SULFATE; NITRATE AB [1] Chemical characteristics of inorganic water-soluble aerosol particles measured in large Asian springtime dust events during the Asian Pacific Regional Characterization Experiment (ACE-Asia) were investigated. Three specific flights ( flights 6, 7, and 10) in the Yellow Sea boundary layer with high mineral dust concentrations mixed with pollutants from Asian urban centers are presented. Measurements during a similar campaign, Transport and Chemical Evolution over the Pacific (TRACE-P), in the same region suggested that fine-particle ammonium sulfate and nitrate salts, and potassium, apparently from biomass burning, are common particle ionic constituents in polluted air. Observations from the ACE campaign show similar characteristics and found that the main component of water-soluble mineral dust was Mg2+ and Ca2+. Ion charge balances of measured fine and total aerosol suggest that a significant fraction of the Mg2+ and Ca2+ observed were in the form of carbonates. In polluted air mixed with dust that advected directly from large urban regions in roughly half a day to 1 day ( flights 6 and 7), much of the fine-particle nitrate and sulfate ( approximately 80%) was apparently associated with ammonium or potassium, the rest likely associated with mineral dust. Only air masses that spent 2 - 5 days over the Yellow Sea ( flight 10) had clear evidence of Cl- depletion. Initial mass accommodation coefficients much less than 0.1 for uptake of SO2 or HNO3 by mineral dust in urban plumes containing fossil fuel and biomass-burning emissions could explain the observations. The data suggest an accommodation coefficient dependence on relative humidity. C1 Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. Univ Iowa, Ctr Global & Reg Environm Res, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Maxwell-Meier, K (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, 221 Boddy Dodd Way, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM kmaxwell@eas.gatech.edu; rweber@eas.gatech.edu; cs222@prism.gatech.edu; douglas.orsini@eas.gatech.edu; yma@eas.gatech.edu; dstreets@anl.gov OI Streets, David/0000-0002-0223-1350 NR 50 TC 57 Z9 59 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD SEP 29 PY 2004 VL 109 IS D19 AR D19S07 DI 10.1029/2003JD004464 PG 20 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 861IH UT WOS:000224409300001 ER PT J AU Weisenstein, DK Eluszkiewicz, J Ko, MKW Scott, CJ Jackman, CH Fleming, EL Considine, DB Kinnison, DE Connell, PS Rotman, DA AF Weisenstein, DK Eluszkiewicz, J Ko, MKW Scott, CJ Jackman, CH Fleming, EL Considine, DB Kinnison, DE Connell, PS Rotman, DA TI Separating chemistry and transport effects in two-dimensional models SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article DE modeling; stratosphere; aircraft ID PLANETARY WAVE BREAKING; STRATOSPHERIC CLOUD PARAMETERIZATION; INITIATIVE ASSESSMENT MODEL; MULTIPLE-SCATTERING; MIDDLE ATMOSPHERE; OZONE DEPLETION; GRAVITY-WAVE; AIRCRAFT; SIMULATIONS; RADIATION AB [ 1] Representation of transport in numerical models is known to be a major uncertainty in modeling of the atmosphere. Models also differ in their treatment of gas phase and heterogeneous chemistry. This paper will describe a quantitative approach to diagnosing the source of intermodel differences in ozone assessment calculations. Our approach is applied to diagnosing the differences between two-dimensional (2-D) models from Atmospheric and Environmental Research, the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, and the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. Surprisingly, we find that differences due to chemical formulation are often as large as those due to transport, despite the fact that all models use the same set of reaction rate coefficients. These differences are particularly large when polar stratospheric cloud (PSC) processes are included in the models, though differences due to photolysis rates and details of the sulfate chemistry are also apparent. Perturbation calculations for a scenario including supersonic commercial aircraft operating in the 2015 stratosphere reveal that differences in the accumulation of H2O and NOy emitted by aircraft are due almost entirely to transport, while differences in ozone due to chemical formulation are evident in the lower stratosphere even without differences in H2O and NOy and without PSCs. By demonstrating a capability of separating transport and chemical differences, it is hoped that the results described in this paper will stimulate analogous studies with other models and will thus lead to a deeper understanding of intermodel similarities and differences, along with a means to quantify uncertainties in model predictions of atmospheric response to perturbations. C1 Atmospher & Environm Res Inc, Lexington, MA 02421 USA. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Lanham, MD USA. RP Weisenstein, DK (reprint author), Atmospher & Environm Res Inc, 131 Hartwell Ave, Lexington, MA 02421 USA. EM dkweis@aer.com; jel@aer.com; malcolm.k.ko@nasa.gov; scott@aer.com; charles.h.jackman@nasa.gov; fleming@kahuna.gsfc.nasa.gov; david.b.considine@nasa.gov; dkin@ucar.edu; connell2@llnl.gov; rotman1@llnl.gov RI Jackman, Charles/D-4699-2012; Ko, Malcolm/D-5898-2015 NR 42 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD SEP 29 PY 2004 VL 109 IS D18 AR D18310 DI 10.1029/2004JD004744 PG 26 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 861IG UT WOS:000224409200011 ER PT J AU Govindaswamy, P Mozharivskyj, YA Kollipara, MR AF Govindaswamy, P Mozharivskyj, YA Kollipara, MR TI Reactivity studies of (eta(6)-arene)ruthenium dimeric complexes towards pyrazoles: isolation of amidines, bis pyrazoles and chloro bridged pyrazole complexes SO JOURNAL OF ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE p-cymene; hexamethylbenzene; pyrazoles; amidine; ruthenium ID X-RAY STRUCTURE; RUTHENIUM(II) ARENE COMPLEXES; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; COORDINATION CHEMISTRY; TRANSFER HYDROGENATION; HOMOGENEOUS CATALYSIS; MOLECULAR-STRUCTURES; LIGANDS; DERIVATIVES; RING AB The complex [(eta(6)-p-cymene)Ru(mu-Cl)Cl](2) 1 reacts with pyrazole ligands (3a-g) in acetonitrile to afford the amidine derivatives of the type [(eta(6)-p-eymene)Ru(L)(3,5-HRR'pz)](BF4)(2) (4a-f), where L = {HN=C(Me)3,5-RR'pz}; R, R' = H (4a); H, CH3 (4b); C6H5 (4c); CH3, C6H5 (4d) OCH3 (4c); and OC2H5 (4f), respectively. The ligand L is generated in situ through the condensation of 3,5-HRR'pz with acetonitrile under the influence of [(eta(6)-p-cymene)RuCl2](2). The complex [(eta(6)-C6Me6)Ru(p-Cl)Cl](2) 2 reacts with pyrazole ligands in acetonitrile to yield bis-pyrazole derivatives such as [(eta(6)-C6Me6)Ru (3,5-HRR'pz)(2)Cl](BF4) (5a-b), where R, R' = H (5a); H, CH3 (5b), as well as dimeric complexes of pyrazole substituted chloro bridged derivatives [{(eta(6)-C6Me6)Ru(mu-Cl) (3,5-HRR'pz)}(2)](BF4)(2) (5c-g), where R, R'= CH3 (5c); C6H5 (5d); CH3, C6H5 (5e); OCH3 (5f); and OC2H5 (5g), respectively. These complexes were characterized by FT-IR and FT-NMR spectroscopy as well as analytical data. The molecular structures I of representative complexes [(eta(6)-C6Me6)Ru{3(5)-Hmpz}(2)Cl](+) 5b, [(eta(6)-C6Me6)Ru(mu-Cl)(3,5-Hdmpz)](2)(2+) 5c and [(eta(6)-C6Me6)Ru(muCl) {3(5)Me,5(3)Ph-Hpz}](2)(2+) 5e were established by single crystal X-ray diffraction studies. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 NE Hill Univ, Dept Chem, Shillong 793022, Meghalaya, India. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Kollipara, MR (reprint author), NE Hill Univ, Dept Chem, Shillong 793022, Meghalaya, India. EM kmrao@nehu.ac.in NR 71 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0022-328X J9 J ORGANOMET CHEM JI J. Organomet. Chem. PD SEP 29 PY 2004 VL 689 IS 20 BP 3265 EP 3274 DI 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2004.07.036 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 858VY UT WOS:000224221500018 ER PT J AU Pietryga, JM Schaller, RD Werder, D Stewart, MH Klimov, VI Hollingsworth, JA AF Pietryga, JM Schaller, RD Werder, D Stewart, MH Klimov, VI Hollingsworth, JA TI Pushing the band gap envelope: Mid-infrared emitting colloidal PbSe quantum dots SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; NANOCRYSTALS; WELLS C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Hollingsworth, JA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 11 TC 272 Z9 275 U1 7 U2 63 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 29 PY 2004 VL 126 IS 38 BP 11752 EP 11753 DI 10.1021/ja047659f PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 857GH UT WOS:000224103900001 PM 15382884 ER PT J AU Colligan, M Forster, PM Cheetham, AK Lee, Y Vogt, T Hriljac, JA AF Colligan, M Forster, PM Cheetham, AK Lee, Y Vogt, T Hriljac, JA TI Synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction and computational investigation of purely siliceous zeolite Y under pressure SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID NEGATIVE THERMAL-EXPANSION; HYDRATED ZEOLITE; NA-A; HYDROSTATIC-PRESSURE; STRUCTURAL BEHAVIOR; ALPHA-QUARTZ; LI-A; RHO; COMPRESSIBILITY; AMORPHIZATION AB High-pressure synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction measurements of a sample of purely siliceous zeolite Y (faujasite) were carried out up to 8.0 GPa at room temperature using a diamond anvil cell. Measurements using silicone oil as the pressure-transmitting medium show compression of the zeolite followed by a loss of long-range ordering at 2.2 GPa. The experimentally determined bulk modulus, 38(2) GPa, is, within experimental error, identical to that of quartz. When using a methanol:ethanol:water mixture (16:3:1) as the pressure-transmitting medium, two distinct compressibility regions are observed with a dramatic change in the compression mechanism at 4 GPa. Rietveld refinement analysis of the powder patterns provides a detailed description of the underlying chemistry, with sequential pore filling the main response up to 4 GPa and framework distortions at higher pressures. C1 Univ Birmingham, Sch Chem, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Mat Res Lab, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. RP Hriljac, JA (reprint author), Univ Birmingham, Sch Chem, POB 363, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. EM j.a.hriljac@bham.ac.uk RI Vogt, Thomas /A-1562-2011; Lee, Yongjae/K-6566-2016; OI Vogt, Thomas /0000-0002-4731-2787; Forster, Paul/0000-0003-3319-4238 NR 47 TC 62 Z9 62 U1 4 U2 29 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 29 PY 2004 VL 126 IS 38 BP 12015 EP 12022 DI 10.1021/ja048685g PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 857GH UT WOS:000224103900053 PM 15382936 ER PT J AU Franco, I Tretiak, S AF Franco, I Tretiak, S TI Electron-vibrational dynamics of photoexcited polyfluorenes SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID RANDOM PHASE APPROXIMATION; LIGHT-EMITTING POLYMERS; ELECTROLUMINESCENT CONJUGATED POLYMERS; DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; FLUORENE-BASED COPOLYMERS; STATE MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; DEPENDENT HARTREE-FOCK; EXCITATION-ENERGIES; EXCITED-STATES; NONEMPIRICAL CALCULATIONS AB The highly polarizable pi-electron system of conjugated molecules forms the basis for their unique electronic and photophysical properties, which play an important role in numerous biological phenomena and make them important materials for technological applications. We present a theoretical investigation of the dynamics and relaxation of photoexcited states in conjugated polyfluorenes, which are promising materials for display applications. Our analysis shows that both fast (similar to20 fs) and slow (similar to1 ps) nuclear motions couple to the electronic degrees of freedom during the excited-state dynamics. Delocalized excitations dominate the absorption, whereas emission comes from localized (self-trapped) excitons. This localization is attributed to an inherent nonlinear coupling among vibronic degrees of freedom which leads to lattice and torsional distortions and results in specific signatures in spectroscopic observables. Computed vertical absorption and fluorescence frequencies as well as photoluminescence band shapes show good agreement with experiment. Finally, we demonstrate that dimerization such as spiro-linking does not affect the emission properties of molecules because the excitation becomes confined on a single chain of the composite molecule. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Toronto, Dept Chem, Chem Phys Theory Grp, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM serg@cnls.lanl.gov RI Tretiak, Sergei/B-5556-2009; Franco, Ignacio/C-4819-2009 OI Tretiak, Sergei/0000-0001-5547-3647; Franco, Ignacio/0000-0002-0802-8185 NR 84 TC 76 Z9 76 U1 2 U2 14 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 29 PY 2004 VL 126 IS 38 BP 12130 EP 12140 DI 10.1021/ja0489285 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 857GH UT WOS:000224103900066 PM 15382949 ER PT J AU Luchansky, SJ Argade, S Hayes, BK Bertozzi, CR AF Luchansky, SJ Argade, S Hayes, BK Bertozzi, CR TI Metabolic functionalization of recombinant glycoproteins SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ERYTHROPOIETIN FUSION PROTEIN; TRANSFER-RNA SYNTHETASE; IN-VIVO INCORPORATION; CELL-SURFACE; SIALIC-ACID; L-SELECTIN; STAUDINGER LIGATION; GLCNAC 2-EPIMERASE; ENDOTHELIAL LIGAND; INTERFERON-BETA AB Glycoproteins are essential for cellular communication and are the most rapidly growing class of therapeutic agents. Chemical modification of glycoproteins has been employed to improve their in vivo efficacy or to label them for detection. Methods for the controlled derivatization of glycoproteins are presently limited by the repertoire of natural amino acid side chain and carbohydrate functionalities. Here, we use metabolic oligosaccharide engineering to introduce a bioorthogonal functional group, the azide, into cellular and recombinant glycoproteins for subsequent chemical elaboration via Staudinger ligation. As most therapeutic glycoproteins are sialylated and require this saccharide for optimal pharmacokinetics, we targeted sialic acid as a host for azides using N-azidoacetylmannosamine (ManNAz) as a biosynthetic precursor. Metabolic conversion of ManNAz to N-azidoacetylsialic acid (SiaNAz) within membrane-bound and secreted glycoproteins was quantified in a variety of cell types. SiaNAz was found to comprise between 4% and 41% of total sialosides, depending on the system. Metabolic labeling of recombinant interferon-beta and G1yCAM-Ig was achieved, demonstrating the utility of the method for functionalizing N-linked and O-linked glycoproteins of therapeutic interest. More generally, the generation of recombinant glycoproteins containing chemical handles within their glycans provides a means for studying their behavior and for improving their in vivo efficacy. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Glycotechnol Core Resource Facil, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Bertozzi, CR (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM crb@berkeley.edu FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM58867] NR 54 TC 51 Z9 52 U1 3 U2 24 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD SEP 28 PY 2004 VL 43 IS 38 BP 12358 EP 12366 DI 10.1021/bi049274f PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 856GE UT WOS:000224032900044 PM 15379575 ER PT J AU Yu, SW Stolte, WC Guillemin, R Ohrwall, G Tran, IC Piancastelli, MN Feng, R Lindle, DW AF Yu, SW Stolte, WC Guillemin, R Ohrwall, G Tran, IC Piancastelli, MN Feng, R Lindle, DW TI Photofragmentation study of core-excited NO SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS B-ATOMIC MOLECULAR AND OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID K-SHELL PHOTOABSORPTION; HIGH-RESOLUTION; ANIONIC PHOTOFRAGMENTATION; FRAGMENTATION PROCESSES; EXCITATION-SPECTRA; PHOTOIONIZATION; MOLECULES; SPECTROSCOPY; RESONANCES AB The production of anionic and cationic fragments of NO has been measured after photoexcitation in the vicinity of the nitrogen Is threshold. The partial ion yield for the anionic fragment O-, in conjunction with the partial cation yields, can clearly distinguish the shape resonances from doubly excited states. On the N 1s --> pi* resonances, which are composed of the three intermediate states (2)Delta, (2)Sigma(-) and (2)Sigma(+), in the order of increasing photon energy, the intensity ratios for the NO++, O+ and O++ fragments are very different from the total ion yield. An explanation for this behaviour in terms of symmetry is proposed. C1 Univ Nevada, Dept Chem, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Ctr XRay Opt, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys, SE-75121 Uppsala, Sweden. Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dept Chem Sci & Technol, I-00133 Rome, Italy. Alberta Synchrotron Inst, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada. RP Yu, SW (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Chem, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. EM SWYu@LBL.GOV RI Tran, Ich/C-9869-2014 NR 25 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 7 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-4075 J9 J PHYS B-AT MOL OPT JI J. Phys. B-At. Mol. Opt. Phys. PD SEP 28 PY 2004 VL 37 IS 18 BP 3583 EP 3592 AR PII S0953-4075(04)80850-2 DI 10.1088/0953-4075/37/18/003 PG 10 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 863CA UT WOS:000224536600003 ER PT J AU Coffman, EA Melechko, AV Allison, DP Simpson, ML Doktycz, MJ AF Coffman, EA Melechko, AV Allison, DP Simpson, ML Doktycz, MJ TI Surface patterning of silica nanostructures using bio-inspired templates and directed synthesis SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID BIOMIMETIC SYNTHESIS; ACID POLYMERIZATION; IN-VITRO; SILICIFICATION; BIOSILICIFICATION; PEPTIDES; POLYAMINES; BIOSILICA; PH AB Natural systems excel in directing the synthesis of inorganic materials for various functional purposes. One of the best-studied systems is silica synthesis, as occurs in diatoms and marine sponges. Various biological and synthetic polymers have been shown to template and catalyze silica formation from silicic acid precursors. Here, we describe the use of poly-L-lysine to promote the synthesis of silica in neutral, aqueous solution and when immobilized onto a silicon support structure under similar conditions. Either reagent jetting or conventional photolithography techniques can be used to pattern the templating polymer. Spots created by reagent jetting led to the creation of silica structures in the shape of a ring that may be a result of the spotting process. Photolithographically defined poly-L-lysine spots led to thin laminate structures after exposure to a dilute aqueous silicic acid solution. The laminate structures were nanostructured and highly interconnected. Photolithographic patterning of (3-aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane, a reagent that mimics the lysine functional group, led to similar silica coatings even though low-molecular-weight materials do not rapidly promote silica synthesis in solution. This result highlights the importance of functional-group arrangement for templating and promoting the synthesis of inorganic materials. The described surface-patterning techniques offer a route to integrate conventional silicon-patterning technologies with biologically based material synthesis. Such combined fabrication techniques enable controlled assembly over multiple length scales and an approach to understanding interfacial silica synthesis, as occurs in natural systems. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Doktycz, MJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM doktyczmj@ornl.gov RI Melechko, Anatoli/B-8820-2008; Doktycz, Mitchel/A-7499-2011; Simpson, Michael/A-8410-2011; Sanguansri, Luz/B-6630-2011 OI Doktycz, Mitchel/0000-0003-4856-8343; Simpson, Michael/0000-0002-3933-3457; Sanguansri, Luz/0000-0003-1908-7604 NR 29 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 2 U2 23 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD SEP 28 PY 2004 VL 20 IS 20 BP 8431 EP 8436 DI 10.1021/la048907o PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 856IN UT WOS:000224039000006 PM 15379457 ER PT J AU Rutherford, SW Coons, JE AF Rutherford, SW Coons, JE TI Equilibrium and kinetics of water adsorption in carbon molecular sieve: Theory and experiment SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID ACTIVATED CARBONS; VAPOR ADSORPTION; SURFACE-CHEMISTRY; AIR SEPARATION; MASS-TRANSFER; SORPTION; EQUATION; DIOXIDE; ADSORBENTS; SIMULATION AB Measurements of water adsorption equilibrium and kinetics in Takeda carbon molecular sieve (CMS) were undertaken in an effort to characterize fundamental mechanisms of adsorption and transport. Adsorption equilibrium revealed a type III isotherm that was characterized by cooperative multimolecular sorption theory. Water adsorption was found to be reversible and did not display hysteresis upon desorption over the conditions studied. Adsorption kinetics measurements revealed that a Fickian diffusion mechanism governed the uptake of water and that the rate of adsorption decreased with increasing relative pressure. Previous investigations have attributed the observed decreasing trend in the rate of adsorption to blocking of micropores. Here, it is proposed that the decrease is attributed to the thermodynamic correction to Fick's law which is formulated on the basis of the chemical potential as the driving force for transport. The thermodynamically corrected formulation accounted for observations of transport of water and other molecules in CMS. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Engn Sci & Applicat Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Rutherford, SW (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Engn Sci & Applicat Div, MS C930, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM stevenr@lanl.gov OI Coons, Jim/0000-0003-1392-298X NR 50 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 20 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD SEP 28 PY 2004 VL 20 IS 20 BP 8681 EP 8687 DI 10.1021/la049330d PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 856IN UT WOS:000224039000041 PM 15379492 ER PT J AU Caculitan, NG Scudder, PH Rodriguez, A Casson, JL Wang, HL Robinson, JM Johal, MS AF Caculitan, NG Scudder, PH Rodriguez, A Casson, JL Wang, HL Robinson, JM Johal, MS TI In situ kinetics of layer-by-layer assembled nonlinear-optical-active amphiphiles from dynamic surface force measurements SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID SODIUM DODECYL-SULFATE; THIN-FILMS; AZOBENZENE; MULTILAYERS; PHOTOISOMERIZATION; POLYELECTROLYTES; ORIENTATION; MOLECULES; MEMBRANES AB We report the synthesis and layer-by-layer (LBL) deposition of a class of azo-benzene surfactants with the polycation poly(ethylenimine) (PEI). The different surfactants of the type X-azo-(CH2)(10)-SO3-, where X = -NO2, -CN, and -COCH3 in the azo-benzene moiety, have decreasing electron-withdrawing strengths. We use dynamic surface force measurements to study the in situ kinetics of adsorption of the amphiphiles onto PEI. Ex situ kinetics data obtained by adsorption-paused UV-visible spectroscopy validate the surface force results. These measurements describe the first application of dynamic force measurements to follow adsorption in LBL systems. UV-visible spectroscopy, second harmonic generation (SHG), and single-wavelength ellipsometry were also used to characterize the films. The observed blue shift upon adsorption of the amphiphiles suggests H-type aggregation within the multilayer. Two of the surfactants studied within the LBL films follow Langmuir adsorption behavior with equilibrium adsorption times under 200 s. The SHG results are consistent with the expected trends in the hyperpolarizabilities of the amphiphiles. C1 New Coll Florida, Div Nat Sci, Sarasota, FL 34243 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Johal, MS (reprint author), New Coll Florida, Div Nat Sci, Sarasota, FL 34243 USA. EM johal@ncf.edu NR 30 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD SEP 28 PY 2004 VL 20 IS 20 BP 8735 EP 8739 DI 10.1021/la048732i PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 856IN UT WOS:000224039000049 PM 15379500 ER PT J AU Zhou, XC Wu, LY Zhou, JZ AF Zhou, XC Wu, LY Zhou, JZ TI Fabrication of DNA microarrays on nanoengineered polymeric ultrathin film prepared by self-assembly of polyelectrolyte multilayers SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID QUARTZ-CRYSTAL MICROBALANCE; OLIGONUCLEOTIDE ARRAYS; NUCLEIC-ACIDS; IMMOBILIZATION; HYBRIDIZATION; SURFACE; ATTACHMENT; POLYMORPHISMS; MICROCHIPS; ADSORPTION AB Microarray-based technology is in need of flexible and cost-effective chemistry for fabrication of oligonucleotide microarrays. We have developed a novel method for the fabrication of oligonucleotide microarrays with unmodified oligonucleotide probes on nanoengineered three-dimensional thin films that are deposited on glass slides by consecutive layer-to-layer adsorption of polyelectrolytes. Unmodified oligonucleotide probes were spotted and immobilized on these multilayered polyelectrolyte thin films (PET) by electrostatic adsorption and entrapment on the porous structure of the PET film. The PET provides higher probe binding capacity and thus higher hybridization signal than that of the traditional two-dimensional aminosilane and poly-L-lysine coated slides. Immobilized probe densities of 3.4 x 10(12)/ cm(2) were observed for microarray spots on PET with unmodified 50-mer oligonucleotide probes, which is comparable to the immobilized probe densities of alkyamine-modified 50-mer probes end-tethered on an aldehyde-functionalized slide. The study of hybridization efficiency showed that 90% of immobilized probes on PET film are accessible to target DNA to form duplex format in hybridization. The DNA microarray fabricated on PET film has wider dynamic range (about 3 orders of magnitude) and lower detection limit (0.5 nM) than the conventional amino- and aldehyde-functionlized slides. Oligonucleotide microarrays fabricated on these PET-coated slides also had consistent spot morphology. In addition, discrimination of single nucleotide polymorphism of 16S rRNA genes was achieved with the PET-based oligonucleotide microarrays. The PET microarrays constructed by our self-assembly process is cost-effective, versatile, and well suited for immobilizing many types of biological active molecules so that a wide variety of microarray formats can be developed. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Genom Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Zhou, JZ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Genom Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM zhouj@ornl.gov NR 38 TC 36 Z9 38 U1 3 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD SEP 28 PY 2004 VL 20 IS 20 BP 8877 EP 8885 DI 10.1021/la048950b PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 856IN UT WOS:000224039000070 PM 15379521 ER PT J AU Scott, HP Hemley, RJ Mao, HK Herschbach, DR Fried, LE Howard, WM Bastea, S AF Scott, HP Hemley, RJ Mao, HK Herschbach, DR Fried, LE Howard, WM Bastea, S TI Generation of methane in the Earth's mantle: In situ high pressure-temperature measurements of carbonate reduction SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID EQUATION-OF-STATE; HYDROCARBONS; GRAPHITE; FLUIDS; EQUILIBRIUM; RESERVOIRS; MIXTURES; SYSTEM; PHASE; BASIN AB We present in situ observations of hydrocarbon formation via carbonate reduction at upper mantle pressures and temperatures. Methane was formed from FeO, CaCO3-calcite, and water at pressures between 5 and 11 GPa and temperatures ranging from 500degreesC to 1,500degreesC. The results are shown to be consistent with multiphase thermodynamic calculations based on the statistical mechanics of soft particle mixtures. The study demonstrates the existence of abiogenic pathways for the formation of hydrocarbons in the Earth's interior and suggests that the hydrocarbon budget of the bulk Earth may be larger than conventionally assumed. C1 Indiana Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, South Bend, IN 46634 USA. Carnegie Inst Sci, Geophys Lab, Washington, DC 20015 USA. Harvard Univ, Dept Chem & Chem Biol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Derectorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Adv Technol Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Indiana Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, South Bend, IN 46634 USA. EM hpscott@iusb.edu RI Fried, Laurence/L-8714-2014 OI Fried, Laurence/0000-0002-9437-7700 NR 27 TC 80 Z9 90 U1 2 U2 20 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD SEP 28 PY 2004 VL 101 IS 39 BP 14023 EP 14026 DI 10.1073/pnas.0405930101 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 858SG UT WOS:000224211400012 PM 15381767 ER PT J AU Qiu, WG Schutzer, SE Bruno, JF Attie, O Yun, X Dunn, JJ Fraser, CM Casjens, SR Luft, BJ AF Qiu, WG Schutzer, SE Bruno, JF Attie, O Yun, X Dunn, JJ Fraser, CM Casjens, SR Luft, BJ TI Genetic exchange and plasmid transfers in Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto revealed by three-way genome comparisons and multilocus sequence typing SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE balancing selection; ospC; Lyme disease; Stevens' test ID LYME-DISEASE SPIROCHETE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISM; BACILLUS-ANTHRACIS; SURFACE PROTEIN; UNITED-STATES; RECOMBINATION; POPULATION; CONVERSION; BACTERIA AB Comparative genomics of closely related bacterial isolates is a powerful method for uncovering virulence and other important genome elements. We determined draft sequences (8-fold coverage) of the genomes of strains JD1 and N40 of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, the causative agent of Lyme disease, and we compared the predicted genes from the two genomes with those from the previously sequenced B31 genome. The three genomes are closely related and are evolutionarily approximately equidistant (approximate to0.5% pairwise nucleotide differences on the main chromosome). We used a Poisson model of nucleotide substitution to screen for genes with elevated levels of nucleotide polymorphisms. The three-way genome comparison allowed distinction between polymorphisms introduced by mutations and those introduced by recombination using the method of phylogenetic partitioning. Tests for recombination suggested that patches of high-density nucleotide polymorphisms on the chromosome and plasmids arise by DNA exchange. The role of recombination as the main mechanism driving B. burgdorferi diversification was confirmed by multilocus sequence typing of 18 clinical isolates at 18 polymorphic loci. A strong linkage between the multilocus sequence genotypes and the major alleles of outer-surface protein C (ospC) suggested that balancing selection at ospC is a dominant force maintaining B. burgdorferi diversity in local populations. We conclude that B. burgdorferi undergoes genome-wide genetic exchange, including plasmid transfers, and previous reports of its clonality are artifacts from the use of geographically and ecological isolated samples. Frequent recombination implies a potential for rapid adaptive evolution and a possible polygenic basis of B. burgdorferi pathogenicity. C1 CUNY Hunter Coll, Dept Biol Sci, New York, NY 10021 USA. Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, New Jersey Med Sch, Dept Med, Newark, NJ 07103 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11793 USA. Inst Genom Res, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Univ Utah, Sch Med, Div Mol Cell Biol & Immunol, Salt Lake City, UT 84132 USA. RP Qiu, WG (reprint author), CUNY Hunter Coll, Dept Biol Sci, 695 Pk Ave, New York, NY 10021 USA. EM weigang@genectr.hunter.cuny.edu OI Luft, Benjamin/0000-0001-9008-7004; Fraser, Claire/0000-0003-1462-2428 FU NCRR NIH HHS [G12 RR003037, RR03037]; NIAID NIH HHS [AI37256, AI49003, R01 AI049003] NR 68 TC 85 Z9 87 U1 0 U2 3 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD SEP 28 PY 2004 VL 101 IS 39 BP 14150 EP 14155 DI 10.1073/pnas.0402745101 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 858SG UT WOS:000224211400035 PM 15375210 ER PT J AU Bourdarie, S Friedel, R AF Bourdarie, S Friedel, R TI Introduction to special section on Conference on Radiation Belt and Solar Energetic Particles SO SPACE WEATHER-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Editorial Material DE inner magnetosphere; radiation belts; trapped particles; solar flare C1 Off Natl Etud & Rech Aerosp, Toulouse, France. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Bourdarie, S (reprint author), Off Natl Etud & Rech Aerosp, Toulouse, France. EM sebastien.bourdarie@onecert.fr RI Friedel, Reiner/D-1410-2012 OI Friedel, Reiner/0000-0002-5228-0281 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 1542-7390 J9 SPACE WEATHER JI Space Weather PD SEP 28 PY 2004 VL 2 IS 9 AR S09S01 DI 10.1029/2004SW000097 PG 1 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 909HO UT WOS:000227851200003 ER PT J AU He, H Weierstall, U Spence, JCH Howells, M Padmore, HA Marchesini, S Chapman, HN AF He, H Weierstall, U Spence, JCH Howells, M Padmore, HA Marchesini, S Chapman, HN TI Use of extended and prepared reference objects in experimental Fourier transform x-ray holography SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID RESOLUTION; RECONSTRUCTION; COMPENSATION; MICROSCOPY AB The use of one or more gold nanoballs as reference objects for Fourier transform holography (FTH) is analyzed using experimental soft x-ray diffraction from objects consisting of separated clusters of these balls. The holograms are deconvoluted against ball reference objects to invert to images, in combination with a Wiener filter to control noise. A resolution of similar to30 nm, smaller than one ball, is obtained even if a large cluster of balls is used as the reference, giving the best resolution yet obtained by x-ray FTH. Methods of dealing with missing data due to a beamstop are discussed. Practical prepared objects which satisfy the FTH condition are suggested, and methods of forming them described. (C) American Institute of Physics. C1 Arizona State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP He, H (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. EM hfhe@lbl.gov RI Marchesini, Stefano/A-6795-2009; Chapman, Henry/G-2153-2010; Weierstall, Uwe/B-3568-2011 OI Chapman, Henry/0000-0002-4655-1743; NR 18 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD SEP 27 PY 2004 VL 85 IS 13 BP 2454 EP 2456 DI 10.1063/1.1795360 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 858FS UT WOS:000224178300002 ER PT J AU Keidar, M Gallimore, AD Raitses, Y Boyd, ID AF Keidar, M Gallimore, AD Raitses, Y Boyd, ID TI On the potential distribution in Hall thrusters SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PLASMA THRUSTERS AB A model of the plasma flow in a Hall thruster channel is developed that takes into account the two-dimensional current conservation effect and relies on some experimental input parameters, such as magnetic field and electron temperature distribution. The model is an attempt to explain the experimentally found nonuniform potential distribution across the thruster channel. This effect is explained by the change of the electron mobility across a magnetic field due to the magnetic field gradient and due to the electron current along the magnetic field driven by the electron temperature gradient. (C) American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Michigan, Dept Aerosp Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Aerosp Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Keidar, M (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Aerosp Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM keidar@engin.umich.edu NR 11 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD SEP 27 PY 2004 VL 85 IS 13 BP 2481 EP 2483 DI 10.1063/1.1797555 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 858FS UT WOS:000224178300011 ER PT J AU Wu, AT Tu, KN Lloyd, JR Tamura, N Valek, BC Kao, CR AF Wu, AT Tu, KN Lloyd, JR Tamura, N Valek, BC Kao, CR TI Electromigration-induced microstructure evolution in tin studied by synchrotron x-ray microdiffraction SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID IN-SITU; ALUMINUM; LINES; INTERCONNECTS; CONDUCTORS AB Under constant current electromigration, white tin exhibited a resistance drop of up to 10%. It has a body-centered-tetragonal structure, and the resistivity along the a and b axes is 35% smaller than along the c axis. Microstructure evolution under electromigration could be responsible for the resistance drop. Synchrotron radiation white beam x-ray microdiffraction was used to study this evolution. Grain-by-grain analysis was obtained from the diffracted Laue patterns about the changes of grain orientation before and after electromigration. We observed that high-resistance grains reorient with respect to the neighboring low-resistance grains, most likely by grain growth of the latter. A different mechanism of grain growth under electromigration from the normal grain growth is proposed and discussed. (C) American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. IBM Corp, Thomas J Watson Res Ctr, Yorktown Hts, NY 10598 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Natl Cent Univ, Dept Chem & Mat Engn, Chungli 32054, Taiwan. RP Wu, AT (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM tcwu@ucla.edu RI Kao, C R/B-5072-2008 OI Kao, C R/0000-0001-6685-0639 NR 14 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 18 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD SEP 27 PY 2004 VL 85 IS 13 BP 2490 EP 2492 DI 10.1063/1.1795353 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 858FS UT WOS:000224178300014 ER PT J AU Lee, JS Kang, BS Lin, Y Li, Y Jia, QX AF Lee, JS Kang, BS Lin, Y Li, Y Jia, QX TI Anisotropic dielectric properties in epitaxial Bi3.25La0.75Ti3O12 thin films along different crystal directions SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FERROELECTRIC PROPERTIES; ELECTRICAL-PROPERTIES; BI4-XLAXTI3O12; ORIENTATION; DEPENDENCE; ELECTRODES; DEPOSITION; BI4TI3O12 AB Epitaxial (001)-oriented Bi3.25La0.75Ti3O12 (BLT) thin films were grown by pulsed-laser deposition on (001) LaAlO3 single-crystal substrates. The dielectric properties of the BLT films are highly anisotropic along different crystal directions. The dielectric constants are 358 and 160 along [100] and [1(1) over bar 0], respectively. Dielectric nonlinearity is also detected along these crystal directions. On the other hand, a much smaller dielectric constant and no detectable dielectric nonlinearity in a field range of 0-200 kV/cm are observed for a film along [001] where c-axis oriented SrRuO3 is used as the bottom electrode. (C) American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Lee, JS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM jslee@lanl.gov; qxjia@lanl.gov RI Lee, Jang-Sik/A-6629-2008; Jia, Q. X./C-5194-2008; lin, yuan/B-9955-2013 OI Lee, Jang-Sik/0000-0002-1096-1783; NR 19 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD SEP 27 PY 2004 VL 85 IS 13 BP 2586 EP 2588 DI 10.1063/1.1797536 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 858FS UT WOS:000224178300046 ER PT J AU Jiang, CS Noufi, R Ramanathan, K AbuShama, JA Moutinho, HR Al-Jassim, MM AF Jiang, CS Noufi, R Ramanathan, K AbuShama, JA Moutinho, HR Al-Jassim, MM TI Does the local built-in potential on grain boundaries of Cu(In,Ga)Se-2 thin films benefit photovoltaic performance of the device? SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SOLAR-CELLS; EFFICIENCY AB In a previous paper [C.-S. Jiang , Appl. Phys. Lett. 84, 3477 (2004)], we reported the existence of a local built-in potential on grain boundaries (GBs) of photovoltaic Cu(In,Ga)Se-2 (CIGS) thin films. However, whether the built-in potential benefits photovoltaic properties of the device has not been proven. Using a scanning Kelvin probe microscope, we found that, with increasing Ga content in the CIGS film, the built-in potential on the GB drops sharply in a Ga range of 28%-38%. Comparing the changes in the built-in potential, the device efficiency, and the CIGS band gap, we conclude that the built-in potential on the GB plays a significant role in the device conversion efficiency of NREL's three-stage CIGS device. (C) American Institute of Physics. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Jiang, CS (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM chun_sheng_jiang@nrel.gov RI jiang, chun-sheng/F-7839-2012 NR 15 TC 94 Z9 94 U1 0 U2 25 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD SEP 27 PY 2004 VL 85 IS 13 BP 2625 EP 2627 DI 10.1063/1.1793346 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 858FS UT WOS:000224178300059 ER PT J AU Maruyama, T Luh, DA Brachmann, A Clendenin, JE Garwin, EL Harvey, S Jiang, J Kirby, RE Prescott, CY Prepost, R Moy, AM AF Maruyama, T Luh, DA Brachmann, A Clendenin, JE Garwin, EL Harvey, S Jiang, J Kirby, RE Prescott, CY Prepost, R Moy, AM TI Systematic study of polarized electron emission from strained GaAs/GaAsP superlattice photocathodes SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SPIN POLARIZATION; GAASP; PHOTOEMISSION; INGAAS; LAYER AB Spin-polarized electron photoemission has been studied for GaAs/GaAs1-xPx strained superlattice cathodes grown by gas-source molecular beam epitaxy. The superlattice structural parameters are systematically varied to optimize the photoemission characteristics. The heavy-hole and light-hole transitions are reproducibly observed in quantum efficiency spectra, enabling direct measurement of the band energies and the energy splitting. Electron-spin polarization as high as 86% with over 1% quantum efficiency has been observed. (C) American Institute of Physics. C1 Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. SVT Associates Inc, Eden Prairie, MN 55344 USA. RP Maruyama, T (reprint author), Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM tvm@slac.stanford.edu RI LUH, DAH-AN/B-3921-2008 NR 15 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD SEP 27 PY 2004 VL 85 IS 13 BP 2640 EP 2642 DI 10.1063/1.1795358 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 858FS UT WOS:000224178300064 ER PT J AU Jantunen, KC Burns, CJ Castro-Rodriguez, I Da Re, RE Golden, JT Morris, DE Scott, BL Taw, FL Kiplinger, JL AF Jantunen, KC Burns, CJ Castro-Rodriguez, I Da Re, RE Golden, JT Morris, DE Scott, BL Taw, FL Kiplinger, JL TI Thorium(IV) and uranium(IV) ketimide complexes prepared by nitrile insertion into actinide-alkyl and -aryl bonds SO ORGANOMETALLICS LA English DT Article ID CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; STRUCTURAL-CHARACTERIZATION; MOLECULAR-STRUCTURE; X-RAY; CONVENTIONAL MICROELECTRODES; ORGANOMETALLIC COMPOUNDS; FUNCTIONAL-GROUPS; MULTIPLE-BOND; IMIDO COMPLEX; 1ST EXAMPLE AB Migratory insertion of benzonitrile into both An-C bonds of the bis(alkyl) and bis(aryl) complexes (C5Me5)(2)AnR(2) yields the actinide ketimido complexes (C5Me5)(2)An[-N=C(Ph)(R)](2) (where An = Th, R = Ph, CH2Ph, CH3; An = U, R = CH2Ph, CH3) and provides a versatile method for the construction of electronically and sterically diverse ketimide ligands. The Th(IV) compounds represent the first examples of thorium ketimide complexes. The uranium complexes are surprisingly unreactive, and both the uranium and thorium bis(ketimido) complexes display unusual electronic structure properties. The combined chemical and physical properties of these complexes suggest a higher An-N bond order due to significant ligand-to-metal pi-bonding in the actinide ketimido interactions and indicate that the f-electrons in mid-valent organouranium complexes might be far more involved in chemical bonding and reactivity than previously thought. We also report herein the structures of the known thorium and uranium complexes (C5Me5)(2)Th(CH2Ph)(2), (C5Me5)(2)ThMe2, (C5Me5)(2)U(CH2Ph)(2), and (C5Me5)(2)UMe2. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Kiplinger, JL (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM kiplinger@lanl.gov RI Morris, David/A-8577-2012; Kiplinger, Jaqueline/B-9158-2011; Scott, Brian/D-8995-2017 OI Kiplinger, Jaqueline/0000-0003-0512-7062; Scott, Brian/0000-0003-0468-5396 NR 84 TC 100 Z9 100 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0276-7333 J9 ORGANOMETALLICS JI Organometallics PD SEP 27 PY 2004 VL 23 IS 20 BP 4682 EP 4692 DI 10.1021/om0343824 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 855RP UT WOS:000223991700023 ER PT J AU Tang, YJ Zakharov, LN Rheingold, AL Kemp, RA AF Tang, YJ Zakharov, LN Rheingold, AL Kemp, RA TI Insertion of carbon dioxide into Mg-N bonds. Structural characterization of a previously unknown eta(2) chelation mode to magnesium in magnesium carbamates SO ORGANOMETALLICS LA English DT Article ID NITROGEN SIGMA-BONDS; DYNAMICAL SOLUTION BEHAVIOR; METATHETICAL EXCHANGE; MOLECULAR-STRUCTURE; COMPLEXES; FIXATION; CRYSTAL; DERIVATIVES; REACTIVITY; ALUMINUM AB Insertion reactions Of CO2 into magnesium amides that yield carbamates are known, and several different bonding modes of the -O2CNR2 moiety to magnesium have been previously identified. However, conspicuous by its absence is the simplest mode of chelation of the carbamate to a single Mg atom, the eta(2) chelating mode. We have now discovered that the insertion Of CO2 into Mg-2(NCy2)(4) (Cy = cyclohexyl) in THF/HMPA (HMPA = hexamethylphosphoramide) forms the unsymmetrical dinuclear compound [Mg-2(O2CNCy2)(4)-(HMPA)] (1). X-ray diffraction analysis shows that 1 contains three different bonding modes of the carbamate to the Mg atoms, including the first example of the terminal bidentate eta(2) mode. C1 Univ New Mexico, Dept Chem, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Chem & Biochem, La Jolla, CA USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Adv Mat Lab, Albuquerque, NM USA. RP Kemp, RA (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Chem, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. EM rakemp@unm.edu NR 30 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 3 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0276-7333 J9 ORGANOMETALLICS JI Organometallics PD SEP 27 PY 2004 VL 23 IS 20 BP 4788 EP 4791 DI 10.1021/om049594v PG 4 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 855RP UT WOS:000223991700035 ER PT J AU Tartakovsky, DM Wohlberg, BE AF Tartakovsky, DM Wohlberg, BE TI Delineation of geologic facies with statistical learning theory SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article AB Insufficient site parameterization remains a major stumbling block for efficient and reliable prediction of flow and transport in a subsurface environment. The lack of sufficient parameter data is usually dealt with by treating relevant parameters as random fields, which enables one to employ various geostatistical and stochastic tools. The major conceptual difficulty with these techniques is that they rely on the ergodicity hypothesis to interchange spatial and ensemble statistics. Instead of treating deterministic material properties as random, we introduce tools from machine learning to deal with the sparsity of data. To demonstrate the relevance and advantages of this approach, we apply one of these tools, the Support Vector Machine, to delineate geologic facies from hydraulic conductivity data. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Tartakovsky, DM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Group T-7,MS B284, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM dmt@lanl.gov; brendt@t7.lanl.gov RI Tartakovsky, Daniel/E-7694-2013; Wohlberg, Brendt/M-7764-2015 OI Wohlberg, Brendt/0000-0002-4767-1843 NR 12 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD SEP 25 PY 2004 VL 31 IS 18 AR L18502 DI 10.1029/2004GL020864 PG 5 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 857OD UT WOS:000224126200004 ER PT J AU Kurien, S Taylor, MA Matsumoto, T AF Kurien, S Taylor, MA Matsumoto, T TI Isotropic third-order statistics in turbulence with helicity: the 2/15-law SO JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS LA English DT Article ID ENERGY-DISSIPATION AB The so-called 2/15-law for two-point third-order velocity statistics in isotropic turbulence with helicity is computed for the first time from a direct numerical simulation of the Navier-Stokes equations in a 512(3) periodic domain. This law is a statement of helicity conservation in the inertial range, analogous to the benchmark Kolmogorov 4/5-law for energy conservation in high-Reynolds-number turbulence. The appropriately normalized parity-breaking statistics, when measured in an arbitrary direction in the flow, disagree with the theoretical value of 2/15 predicted for isotropic turbulence. They are highly anisotropic and variable and remain so over long times. We employ a recently developed technique to average over many directions and so recover the statistically isotropic component of the flow. The angle-averaged statistics achieve the 2/15 factor to within about 7% instantaneously and about 5% on average over time. The inertial- and viscous-range behaviour of the helicity-dependent statistics and consequently the helicity flux, which appear in the 2/15-law, are shown to be more anisotropic and intermittent than the corresponding energy-dependent reflection-symmetric structure functions, and the energy flux, which appear in the 4/5-law. This suggests that the Kolmogorov assumption of local isotropy at high Reynolds numbers needs to be modified for the helicity-dependent statistics investigated here. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Comp & Computat Sci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. RP Kurien, S (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 23 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0022-1120 J9 J FLUID MECH JI J. Fluid Mech. PD SEP 25 PY 2004 VL 515 BP 87 EP 97 DI 10.1017/S0022112004000424 PG 11 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA 861DS UT WOS:000224396900004 ER PT J AU Raab, GJ Valiev, RZ Lowe, TC Zhu, YT AF Raab, GJ Valiev, RZ Lowe, TC Zhu, YT TI Continuous processing of ultrafine grained Al by ECAP-Conform SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE severe plastic deformation (SPD); conform; ultrafine grained structure; aluminum ID SEVERE PLASTIC-DEFORMATION; NANOSTRUCTURED METALS; REFINEMENT; ALLOYS; SHEAR; STRIP AB In this paper, we report a new severe plastic deformation (SPD) technique, which combines equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) with Conform, to process ultrafine grained (UFG) materials in a continuous manner. ECAP in its original form can only process short metal bars and is labor intensive. Conform is a technique that has been used to continuously form metals into various shapes. By combining these two techniques, we were able to produce UFG structures in an Al wire and to significantly increase its strength. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Ufa State Aviat Tech Univ, Inst Phys Adv Mat, Ufa 450000, Russia. RP Zhu, YT (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, MS G755, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM yzhu@lanl.gov RI Zhu, Yuntian/B-3021-2008; Raab, Georgy/G-7530-2013 OI Zhu, Yuntian/0000-0002-5961-7422; NR 26 TC 204 Z9 221 U1 2 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD SEP 25 PY 2004 VL 382 IS 1-2 BP 30 EP 34 DI 10.1016/j.msea.2004.04.021 PG 5 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 859LK UT WOS:000224264900006 ER PT J AU Li, S Bourke, MAM Beyerlein, IJ Alexander, DJ Clausen, B AF Li, S Bourke, MAM Beyerlein, IJ Alexander, DJ Clausen, B TI Finite element analysis of the plastic deformation zone and working load in equal channel angular extrusion SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE equal channel angular extrusion; finite element; plastic deformation zone; severe plastic deformation ID BILLET DEFORMATION; MATERIAL FLOW; STRAIN-RATE; BEHAVIOR; HOMOGENEITY; METALS; ECAE AB A comprehensive finite element (FE) study is conducted to analyze the formation of the plastic deformation zone (PDZ) and evolution of the working load with ram displacement during a single pass of equal channel angular extrusion (ECAE) with intersection angle 90degrees. This study explores systematically the coupled effects of material response, outer corner angle ( Psi = 0degrees, 45degrees, or 90degrees), and friction on ECAE deformation, which can be effectively analyzed through two key characteristics of the PDZ alone. These characteristics, the morphology and strain-rate distribution within the PDZ, are largely responsible for the heterogeneity in strain that develops in the sample at the end of a single pass. Strain hardening, psi, and friction were all found to have some effect on the PDZ, though under their combined influence, one tends to dominate over the others. Strain hardening tends to produce asymmetry in the strain-rate distribution within the PDZ, resulting in corner gaps and a more heterogeneous strain distribution than an ideal perfectly plastic material. In cases in which the material fills the die, the PDZ shape is largely governed by the die geometry, i.e. psi, independent of material response and friction. In this respect, friction does however help to reduce the free surface gaps that form between a strain hardening material and the die, but to further increase the degree of heterogeneity. The distinct stages that are present in the load versus displacement curves are defined and associated with those in sample deformation, some of which depend on psi and others on material properties. Effective strain calculations are compared with various analytical models and the one that directly accounts for the PDZ tends to perform better. To date, most of the cases studied here have not been modeled analytically; however, a stronger connection between analytical modeling and actual ECAE deformation can be made by the guidance of these FE studies on the interactive influence of processing and material variables. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Neurol Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Li, S (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM saiyi@lanl.gov RI Li, Saiyi/J-3968-2012; Beyerlein, Irene/A-4676-2011; Clausen, Bjorn/B-3618-2015 OI Clausen, Bjorn/0000-0003-3906-846X NR 28 TC 147 Z9 161 U1 0 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD SEP 25 PY 2004 VL 382 IS 1-2 BP 217 EP 236 DI 10.1016/j.msea.2004.04.067 PG 20 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 859LK UT WOS:000224264900027 ER PT J AU Shaw, WJ Campbell, AA Paine, ML Snead, ML AF Shaw, WJ Campbell, AA Paine, ML Snead, ML TI The COOH terminus of the amelogenin, LRAP, is oriented next to the hydroxyapatite surface SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SOLID-STATE NMR; DYNAMIC LIGHT-SCATTERING; DOUBLE-RESONANCE NMR; ENAMEL-MATRIX; RECOMBINANT AMELOGENIN; ROTATIONAL-ECHO; PEPTIDE; PROTEINS; BIOMINERALIZATION; CONFORMATION AB The organic matrix in forming enamel consists largely of the amelogenin protein self-assembled into nanospheres that are necessary to guide the formation of the unusually long and highly ordered hydroxyapatite (HAP) crystallites that constitute enamel. Despite its ability to direct crystal growth, the interaction of the amelogenin protein with HAP is unknown. However, the demonstration of growth restricted to the c-axis suggests a specific protein-crystal interaction, and the charged COOH terminus is often implicated in this function. To elucidate whether the COOH terminus is important in the binding and orientation of amelogenin onto HAP, we have used solid state NMR to determine the orientation of the COOH terminus of an amelogenin splice variant, LRAP (leucine-rich amelogenin protein), which contains the charged COOH terminus of the full protein, on the HAP surface. These experiments demonstrate that the methyl (13)C-labeled side chain of Ala(46) is 8.0 Angstrom from the HAP surface under hydrated conditions, for the protein with and without phosphorylation. The experimental results provide direct evidence orienting the charged COOH-terminal region of the amelogenin protein on the HAP surface, optimized to exert control on developing enamel crystals. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ So Calif, Ctr Craniofacial Mol Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. RP Shaw, WJ (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, MS K2-57,POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM wendy.shaw@pnl.gov FU NIDCR NIH HHS [DE13045, DE13404, R01 DE015347, R01 DE015347-01A2] NR 31 TC 96 Z9 98 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD SEP 24 PY 2004 VL 279 IS 39 BP 40263 EP 40266 DI 10.1074/jbc.C400322200 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 854PW UT WOS:000223916800005 PM 15299015 ER PT J AU Aubert, B Barate, R Boutigny, D Couderc, F Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Tisserand, V Zghiche, A Palano, A Pompili, A Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Ofte, I Stugu, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Charles, E Day, CT Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kukartsev, G LeClerc, C Lynch, G Merchant, AM Mir, LM Oddone, PJ Orimoto, TJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Ronan, MT Shelkov, VG Telnov, AV Wenzel, WA Ford, K Harrison, TJ Hawkes, CM Morgan, SE Watson, AT Fritsch, M Goetzen, K Held, T Koch, H Lewandowski, B Pelizaeus, M Steinke, M Boyd, JT Chevalier, N Cottingham, WN Kelly, MP Latham, TE Wilson, FF Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T Hearty, C Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Kyberd, P Teodorescu, L Blinov, VE Bukin, AD Druzhinin, VP Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Solodov, EP Yushkov, AN Best, D Bruinsma, M Chao, M Eschrich, I Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M Mommsen, RK Roethel, W Stoker, DP Buchanan, C Hartfiel, BL Gary, JW Shen, BC Wang, K del Re, D Hadavand, HK Hill, EJ MacFarlane, DB Paar, HP Rahatlou, S Sharma, V Berryhill, JW Campagnari, C Dahmes, B Levy, SL Long, O Lu, A Mazur, MA Richman, JD Verkerke, W Beck, TW Eisner, AM Heusch, CA Lockman, WS Schalk, T Schmitz, RE Schumm, BA Seiden, A Spradlin, P Williams, DC Wilson, MG Albert, J Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Hitlin, DG Narsky, I Piatenko, T Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Yang, S Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Abe, T Blanc, F Bloom, P Chen, S Clark, PJ Ford, WT Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Rankin, P Smith, JG Zhang, L Chen, A Harton, JL Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Zeng, QL Altenburg, D Brandt, T Brose, J Colberg, T Dickopp, M Feltresi, E Hauke, A Lacker, HM Maly, E Muller-Pfefferkorn, R Nogowski, R Otto, S Petzold, A Schubert, J Schubert, KR Schwierz, R Spaan, B Sundermann, JE Bernard, D Bonneaud, GR Brochard, F Grenier, P Schrenk, S Thiebaux, C Vasileiadis, G Verderi, M Bard, DJ Khan, A Lavin, D Muheim, F Playfer, S Andreotti, M Azzolini, V Bettoni, D Bozzi, C Calabrese, R Cibinetto, G Luppi, E Negrini, M Sarti, A Treadwell, E Baldini-Ferroli, R Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Finocchiaro, G Patteri, P Piccolo, M Zallo, A Buzzo, A Capra, R Contri, R Crosetti, G Lo Vetere, M Macri, M Monge, MR Passaggio, S Patrignani, C Robutti, E Santroni, A Tosi, S Bailey, S Brandenburg, G Morii, M Won, E Dubitzky, RS Langenegger, U Bhimji, W Bowerman, DA Dauncey, PD Egede, U Gaillard, JR Morton, GW Nash, JA Taylor, GP Grenier, GJ Mallik, U Cochran, J Crawley, HB Lamsa, J Meyer, WT Prell, S Rosenberg, EI Yi, J Davier, M Grosdidier, G Hocker, A Laplace, S Le Diberder, F Lepeltier, V Lutz, AM Petersen, TC Plaszczynski, S Schune, MH Tantot, L Wormser, G Cheng, CH Lange, DJ Simani, MC Wright, DM Bevan, AJ Coleman, JP Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R Parry, RJ Payne, DJ Sloane, RJ Touramanis, C Back, JJ Harrison, PF Mohanty, GB Brown, CL Cowan, G Flack, RL Flaecher, HU Green, MG Marker, CE McMahon, TR Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Vaitsas, G Winter, MA Brown, D Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, NR Barlow, RJ Hart, PA Hodgkinson, MC Lafferty, GD Lyon, AJ Williams, JC Farbin, A Hulsbergen, WD Jawahery, A Kovalskyi, D Lae, CK Lillard, V Roberts, DA Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Flood, KT Hertzbach, SS Kofler, R Koptchev, VB Moore, TB Saremi, S Staengle, H Willocq, S Cowan, R Sciolla, G Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Mangeol, DJJ Patel, PM Robertson, SH Lazzaro, A Palombo, F Bauer, JM Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Godang, R Kroeger, R Reidy, J Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Zhao, HW Brunet, S Cote, D Taras, P Nicholson, H Cavallo, N Fabozzi, F Gatto, C Lista, L Monorchio, D Paolucci, P Piccolo, D Sciacca, C Baak, M Bulten, H Raven, G Wilden, L Jessop, CP LoSecco, JM Gabriel, TA Allmendinger, T Brau, B Gan, KK Honscheid, K Hufnagel, D Kagan, H Kass, R Pulliam, T Rahimi, AM Ter-Antonyan, R Wong, QK Brau, J Frey, R Igonkina, O Potter, CT Sinev, NB Strom, D Torrence, E Colecchia, F Dorigo, A Galeazzi, F Margoni, M Morandin, M Posocco, M Rotondo, M Simonetto, F Stroili, R Tiozzo, G Voci, C Benayoun, M Briand, H Chauveau, J David, P de la Vaissiere, C Del Buono, L Hamon, O John, MJJ Leruste, P Ocariz, J Pivk, M Roos, L T'Jampens, S Therin, G Manfredi, PF Re, V Behera, PK Gladney, L Guo, QH Panetta, J Anulli, F Biasini, M Peruzzi, IM Pioppi, M Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bondioli, M Bucci, F Calderini, G Carpinelli, M Del Gamba, V Forti, F Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Marchiori, G Martinez-Vidal, F Morganti, M Neri, N Paoloni, E Rama, M Rizzo, G Sandrelli, F Walsh, J Haire, M Judd, D Paick, K Wagoner, DE Danielson, N Elmer, P Lu, C Miftakov, V Olsen, J Smith, AJS Bellini, F Cavoto, G Faccini, R Ferrarotto, F Ferroni, F Gaspero, M Li Gioi, L Mazzoni, MA Morganti, S Pierini, M Piredda, G Tehrani, FS Voena, C Christ, S Wagner, G Waldi, R Adye, T De Groot, N Franek, B Geddes, NI Gopal, GP Olaiya, EO Aleksan, R Emery, S Gaidot, A Ganzhur, SF Giraud, PF de Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Langer, M Legendre, M London, GW Mayer, B Schott, G Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Purohit, MV Weidemann, AW Yumiceva, FX Aston, D Bartoldus, R Berger, N Boyarski, AM Buchmueller, OL Convery, MR Cristinziani, M De Nardo, G Dong, D Dorfan, J Dujmic, D Dunwoodie, W Elsen, EE Fan, S Field, RC Glanzman, T Gowdy, SJ Hadig, T Halyo, V Hryn'ova, T Innes, WR Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Leith, DWGS Libby, J Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Marsiske, H Messner, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Ozcan, VE Perazzo, A Perl, M Petrak, S Ratcliff, BN Roodman, A Salnikov, AA Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Simi, G Snyder, A Soha, A Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weaver, M Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Wittgen, M Wright, DH Yarritu, AK Young, CC Burchat, PR Edwards, AJ Meyer, TI Petersen, BA Roat, C Ahmed, S Alam, MS Ernst, JA Saeed, MA Saleem, M Wappler, FR Bugg, W Krishnamurthy, M Spanier, SM Eckmann, R Kim, H Ritchie, JL Satpathy, A Schwitters, RF Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Ye, S Bianchi, F Bona, M Gallo, F Gamba, D Borean, C Bosisio, L Cartaro, C Cossutti, F Della Ricca, G Dittongo, S Grancagnolo, S Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vitale, L Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Banerjee, S Brown, CM Fortin, D Jackson, PD Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Band, HR Dasu, S Datta, M Eichenbaum, AM Hollar, JJ Johnson, JR Kutter, PE Li, H Liu, R Di Lodovico, F Mihalyi, A Mohapatra, AK Pan, Y Prepost, R Sekula, SJ Tan, P von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, J Wu, SL Yu, Z Neal, H AF Aubert, B Barate, R Boutigny, D Couderc, F Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Tisserand, V Zghiche, A Palano, A Pompili, A Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Ofte, I Stugu, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Charles, E Day, CT Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kukartsev, G LeClerc, C Lynch, G Merchant, AM Mir, LM Oddone, PJ Orimoto, TJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Ronan, MT Shelkov, VG Telnov, AV Wenzel, WA Ford, K Harrison, TJ Hawkes, CM Morgan, SE Watson, AT Fritsch, M Goetzen, K Held, T Koch, H Lewandowski, B Pelizaeus, M Steinke, M Boyd, JT Chevalier, N Cottingham, WN Kelly, MP Latham, TE Wilson, FF Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T Hearty, C Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Kyberd, P Teodorescu, L Blinov, VE Bukin, AD Druzhinin, VP Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Solodov, EP Yushkov, AN Best, D Bruinsma, M Chao, M Eschrich, I Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M Mommsen, RK Roethel, W Stoker, DP Buchanan, C Hartfiel, BL Gary, JW Shen, BC Wang, K del Re, D Hadavand, HK Hill, EJ MacFarlane, DB Paar, HP Rahatlou, S Sharma, V Berryhill, JW Campagnari, C Dahmes, B Levy, SL Long, O Lu, A Mazur, MA 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Cristinziani, M De Nardo, G Dong, D Dorfan, J Dujmic, D Dunwoodie, W Elsen, EE Fan, S Field, RC Glanzman, T Gowdy, SJ Hadig, T Halyo, V Hryn'ova, T Innes, WR Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Leith, DWGS Libby, J Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Marsiske, H Messner, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Ozcan, VE Perazzo, A Perl, M Petrak, S Ratcliff, BN Roodman, A Salnikov, AA Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Simi, G Snyder, A Soha, A Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weaver, M Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Wittgen, M Wright, DH Yarritu, AK Young, CC Burchat, PR Edwards, AJ Meyer, TI Petersen, BA Roat, C Ahmed, S Alam, MS Ernst, JA Saeed, MA Saleem, M Wappler, FR Bugg, W Krishnamurthy, M Spanier, SM Eckmann, R Kim, H Ritchie, JL Satpathy, A Schwitters, RF Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Ye, S Bianchi, F Bona, M Gallo, F Gamba, D Borean, C Bosisio, L Cartaro, C Cossutti, F Della Ricca, G Dittongo, S Grancagnolo, S Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vitale, L Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Banerjee, S Brown, CM Fortin, D Jackson, PD Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Band, HR Dasu, S Datta, M Eichenbaum, AM Hollar, JJ Johnson, JR Kutter, PE Li, H Liu, R Di Lodovico, F Mihalyi, A Mohapatra, AK Pan, Y Prepost, R Sekula, SJ Tan, P von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, J Wu, SL Yu, Z Neal, H CA BaBar Collaboration TI Search for B-+/-->[K--/+pi(+/-)](D)K-+/- and upper limit on the b -> u amplitude in B-+/--> DK +/- SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GAMMA AB We search for B+/--->[K(-/+)pi(+/-)](D)K+/- decays, where [K(-/+)pi(+/-)](D) indicates that the K(-/+)pi(+/-) pair originates from the decay of a D-0 or (D) over bar (0). Results are based on 120x10(6) Y(4S)-->BB decays collected with the BABAR detector at SLAC. We set an upper limit on the ratio R-Kpi=[Gamma(B+-->[K(-)pi(+)](D)K+)+Gamma(B--->[K(+)pi(-)](D)K-)][Gamma(B+-->[K(+)pi(-)](D)K+)+Gamma(B--->[K(-)pi(+)](D)K-)]<0.026 (90% C.L.). This constrains the amplitude ratio r(B)equivalent toparallel toA(B--->(DK-)-K-0)/A(B--->(DK-)-K-0)parallel to<0.22 (90% C.L.), consistent with expectations. The small value of r(B) favored by our analysis suggests that the determination of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa phase gamma from B-->DK will be difficult. C1 Phys Particules Lab, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. Univ Basilicata, I-85100 Potenza, Italy. Univ Valencia, CSIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular, IFIC, Valencia, Spain. Univ Bari, Dipartmento Fis, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Univ Bergen, Inst Phys, N-5007 Bergen, Norway. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. Ruhr Univ Bochum, Inst Expt Phys 1, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. Univ Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. Brunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England. Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Kern & Teilchenphys, D-01062 Dresden, Germany. Ecole Polytech, LLR, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. Univ Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Midlothian, Scotland. Univ Ferrara, Dipartmento Fis, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Florida A&M Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32307 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Genoa, Dipartimento Fis, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Heidelberg Univ, Inst Phys, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London SW7 2AZ, England. Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Lab Accelerateur Lineaire, F-91898 Orsay, France. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Liverpool, Liverpool L69 72E, Merseyside, England. Univ London, Queen Mary, London E1 4NS, England. Univ London Royal Holloway & Bedford New Coll, Egham TW20 0EX, Surrey, England. Univ Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. Univ Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. MIT, Nucl Sci Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA. Univ Montreal, Lab Rene JA Levesque, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. Mt Holyoke Coll, S Hadley, MA 01075 USA. Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Sci Fis, I-80126 Naples, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-80126 Naples, Italy. NIKHEF, Natl Inst Nucl Phys & High Energy Phys, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Univ Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Univ Paris 06, Lab Phys Nucl HE, F-75252 Paris, France. Univ Paris 07, Lab Phys Nucl HE, F-75252 Paris, France. Univ Pavia, Dipartimento Elettron, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis, Scuola Normale Super Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. Prairie View A&M Univ, Prairie View, TX 77406 USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Univ Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. CEA Saclay, DSM Dapnia, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. SUNY Albany, Albany, NY 12222 USA. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Univ Texas, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Univ Trieste, Dipartmento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Univ Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6, Canada. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. RP Phys Particules Lab, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. RI de Groot, Nicolo/A-2675-2009; Lista, Luca/C-5719-2008; Bellini, Fabio/D-1055-2009; crosetti, nanni/H-3040-2011; Neri, Nicola/G-3991-2012; de Sangro, Riccardo/J-2901-2012; M, Saleem/B-9137-2013; Sarti, Alessio/I-2833-2012; Cavallo, Nicola/F-8913-2012; Saeed, Mohammad Alam/J-7455-2012; Forti, Francesco/H-3035-2011; Rotondo, Marcello/I-6043-2012; Patrignani, Claudia/C-5223-2009; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Di Lodovico, Francesca/L-9109-2016; Calcaterra, Alessandro/P-5260-2015; Frey, Raymond/E-2830-2016; Negrini, Matteo/C-8906-2014; Monge, Maria Roberta/G-9127-2012; Luppi, Eleonora/A-4902-2015; Kravchenko, Evgeniy/F-5457-2015; Calabrese, Roberto/G-4405-2015; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/G-7212-2015; Martinez Vidal, F*/L-7563-2014; Kolomensky, Yury/I-3510-2015; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/J-5049-2012; Grancagnolo, Sergio/J-3957-2015; Lusiani, Alberto/N-2976-2015; Morandin, Mauro/A-3308-2016; Lusiani, Alberto/A-3329-2016 OI Bellini, Fabio/0000-0002-2936-660X; Neri, Nicola/0000-0002-6106-3756; de Sangro, Riccardo/0000-0002-3808-5455; Sarti, Alessio/0000-0001-5419-7951; Saeed, Mohammad Alam/0000-0002-3529-9255; Forti, Francesco/0000-0001-6535-7965; Rotondo, Marcello/0000-0001-5704-6163; Patrignani, Claudia/0000-0002-5882-1747; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Di Lodovico, Francesca/0000-0003-3952-2175; Calcaterra, Alessandro/0000-0003-2670-4826; Frey, Raymond/0000-0003-0341-2636; Negrini, Matteo/0000-0003-0101-6963; Monge, Maria Roberta/0000-0003-1633-3195; Luppi, Eleonora/0000-0002-1072-5633; Calabrese, Roberto/0000-0002-1354-5400; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/0000-0002-4276-715X; Martinez Vidal, F*/0000-0001-6841-6035; Kolomensky, Yury/0000-0001-8496-9975; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/0000-0002-6520-4480; Grancagnolo, Sergio/0000-0001-8490-8304; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Morandin, Mauro/0000-0003-4708-4240; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288 NR 19 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 24 PY 2004 VL 93 IS 13 AR 131804 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.131804 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 857PS UT WOS:000224131400024 ER PT J AU Aubert, B Barate, R Boutigny, D Couderc, F Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Tisserand, V Zghiche, A Palano, A Pompili, A Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Ofte, I Stugu, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Charles, E Day, CT Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kukartsev, G LeClerc, C Lynch, G Merchant, AM Mir, LM Oddone, PJ Orimoto, TJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Ronan, MT Shelkov, VG Telnov, AV Wenzel, WA Ford, K Harrison, TJ Hawkes, CM Morgan, SE Watson, AT Fritsch, M Goetzen, K Held, T Koch, H Lewandowski, B Pelizaeus, M Steinke, M Boyd, JT Chevalier, N Cottingham, WN Kelly, MP Latham, TE Wilson, FF Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T Hearty, C Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Kyberd, P Teodorescu, L Blinov, VE Bukin, AD Druzhinin, VP Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Solodov, EP Yushkov, AN Best, D Bruinsma, M Chao, M Eschrich, I Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M Mommsen, RK Roethel, W Stoker, DP Buchanan, C Hartfiel, BL Gary, JW Shen, BC Wang, K del Re, D Hadavand, HK Hill, EJ MacFarlane, DB Paar, HP Rahatlou, S Sharma, V Berryhill, JW Campagnari, C Dahmes, B Levy, SL Long, O Lu, A Mazur, MA Richman, JD Verkerke, W Beck, TW Eisner, AM Heusch, CA Lockman, WS Schalk, T Schmitz, RE Schumm, BA Seiden, A Spradlin, P Williams, DC Wilson, MG Albert, J Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Hitlin, DG Narsky, I Piatenko, T Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Yang, S Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Abe, T Blanc, F Bloom, P Chen, S Clark, PJ Ford, WT Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Rankin, P Smith, JG Zhang, L Chen, A Harton, JL Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Zeng, QL Altenburg, D Brandt, T Brose, J Colberg, T Dickopp, M Feltresi, E Hauke, A Lacker, HM 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Edwards, AJ Meyer, TI Petersen, BA Roat, C Ahmed, S Alam, MS Ernst, JA Saeed, MA Saleem, M Wappler, FR Bugg, W Krishnamurthy, M Spanier, SM Eckmann, R Kim, H Ritchie, JL Satpathy, A Schwitters, RF Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Ye, S Bianchi, F Bona, M Gallo, F Gamba, D Borean, C Bosisio, L Cartaro, C Cossutti, F Della Ricca, G Dittongo, S Grancagnolo, S Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vitale, L Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Banerjee, S Brown, CM Fortin, D Jackson, PD Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Band, HR Dasu, S Datta, M Eichenbaum, AM Hollar, JJ Johnson, JR Kutter, PE Li, H Liu, R Di Lodovico, F Mihalyi, A Mohapatra, AK Pan, Y Prepost, R Sekula, SJ Tan, P von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, J Wu, SL Yu, Z Neal, H AF Aubert, B Barate, R Boutigny, D Couderc, F Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Tisserand, V Zghiche, A Palano, A Pompili, A Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Ofte, I Stugu, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Charles, E Day, CT Gill, MS 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L T'Jampens, S Therin, G Manfredi, PF Re, V Behera, PK Gladney, L Guo, QH Panetta, J Anulli, F Biasini, M Peruzzi, IM Pioppi, M Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bondioli, M Bucci, F Calderini, G Carpinelli, M Gamba, VD Forti, F Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Marchiori, G Martinez-Vidal, F Morganti, M Neri, N Paoloni, E Rama, M Rizzo, G Sandrelli, F Walsh, J Haire, M Judd, D Paick, K Wagoner, DE Danielson, N Elmer, P Lu, C Miftakov, V Olsen, J Smith, AJS Bellini, F Cavoto, G Faccini, R Ferrarotto, F Ferroni, F Gaspero, M Gioi, LL Mazzoni, MA Morganti, S Pierini, M Piredda, G Tehrani, FS Voena, C Christ, S Wagner, G Waldi, R Adye, T Groot, ND Franek, B Geddes, NI Gopal, GP Olaiya, EO Aleksan, R Emery, S Gaidot, A Ganzhur, SF Giraud, PF de Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Langer, M Legendre, M London, GW Mayer, B Schott, G Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Purohit, MV Weidemann, AW Yumiceva, FX Aston, D Bartoldus, R Berger, N Boyarski, AM Buchmueller, OL Convery, MR Cristinziani, M Nardo, GD Dong, D Dorfan, J Dujmic, D Dunwoodie, W Elsen, EE Fan, S Field, RC Glanzman, T Gowdy, SJ Hadig, T Halyo, V Hast, C Hryn'ova, T Innes, WR Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Leith, DWGS Libby, J Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Marsiske, H Messner, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Ozcan, VE Perazzo, A Perl, M Petrak, S Ratcliff, BN Roodman, A Salnikov, AA Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Simi, G Snyder, A Soha, A Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weaver, M Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Wittgen, M Wright, DH Yarritu, AK Young, CC Burchat, PR Edwards, AJ Meyer, TI Petersen, BA Roat, C Ahmed, S Alam, MS Ernst, JA Saeed, MA Saleem, M Wappler, FR Bugg, W Krishnamurthy, M Spanier, SM Eckmann, R Kim, H Ritchie, JL Satpathy, A Schwitters, RF Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Ye, S Bianchi, F Bona, M Gallo, F Gamba, D Borean, C Bosisio, L Cartaro, C Cossutti, F Della Ricca, G Dittongo, S Grancagnolo, S Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vitale, L Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Banerjee, S Brown, CM Fortin, D Jackson, PD Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Band, HR Dasu, S Datta, M Eichenbaum, AM Hollar, JJ Johnson, JR Kutter, PE Li, H Liu, R Di Lodovico, F Mihalyi, A Mohapatra, AK Pan, Y Prepost, R Sekula, SJ Tan, P von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, J Wu, SL Yu, Z Neal, H CA BaBar Collaboration TI Measurements of CP-violating asymmetries in B-0 -> K-s(0)pi(0) decays SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID B DECAYS; MODEL AB We present a measurement of the time-dependent CP-violating (CPV) asymmetries in B-0-->K(S)(0)pi(0) decays based on 124x10(6) Y(4S)-->B (B) over bar decays collected with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II asymmetric-energy B factory at SLAC. In a sample containing 122+/-16 signal decays, we obtain the magnitudes of the direct CPV asymmetry C(KS)(0)pi(0)=0.40(-0.28)(+0.27)+/-0.09 and of the CPV asymmetry in the interference between mixing and decay S(KS)(0)pi(0)=0.48(-0.47)(+0.38)+/-0.06 where the first error is statistical and the second systematic. C1 Lab Phys Particules, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. Univ Basilicata, I-85100 Potenza, Italy. Univ Valencia, CSIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular, IFIC, Valencia, Spain. Univ Bari, Dipartmento Fis, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Univ Bergen, Inst Phys, N-5007 Bergen, Norway. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. Ruhr Univ Bochum, Inst Expt Phys 1, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. Univ Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. 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Univ Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6, Canada. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. RP Aubert, B (reprint author), Lab Phys Particules, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. RI Negrini, Matteo/C-8906-2014; Lista, Luca/C-5719-2008; Bellini, Fabio/D-1055-2009; crosetti, nanni/H-3040-2011; Neri, Nicola/G-3991-2012; Forti, Francesco/H-3035-2011; Rotondo, Marcello/I-6043-2012; Patrignani, Claudia/C-5223-2009; de Sangro, Riccardo/J-2901-2012; M, Saleem/B-9137-2013; Sarti, Alessio/I-2833-2012; Cavallo, Nicola/F-8913-2012; Saeed, Mohammad Alam/J-7455-2012; Monge, Maria Roberta/G-9127-2012; Luppi, Eleonora/A-4902-2015; Kravchenko, Evgeniy/F-5457-2015; Calabrese, Roberto/G-4405-2015; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/G-7212-2015; Martinez Vidal, F*/L-7563-2014; Kolomensky, Yury/I-3510-2015; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/J-5049-2012; Grancagnolo, Sergio/J-3957-2015; Lusiani, Alberto/N-2976-2015; Lusiani, Alberto/A-3329-2016; Morandin, Mauro/A-3308-2016; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Di Lodovico, Francesca/L-9109-2016; Calcaterra, Alessandro/P-5260-2015; Frey, Raymond/E-2830-2016 OI Negrini, Matteo/0000-0003-0101-6963; Bellini, Fabio/0000-0002-2936-660X; Neri, Nicola/0000-0002-6106-3756; Forti, Francesco/0000-0001-6535-7965; Rotondo, Marcello/0000-0001-5704-6163; Patrignani, Claudia/0000-0002-5882-1747; de Sangro, Riccardo/0000-0002-3808-5455; Sarti, Alessio/0000-0001-5419-7951; Saeed, Mohammad Alam/0000-0002-3529-9255; Monge, Maria Roberta/0000-0003-1633-3195; Luppi, Eleonora/0000-0002-1072-5633; Calabrese, Roberto/0000-0002-1354-5400; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/0000-0002-4276-715X; Martinez Vidal, F*/0000-0001-6841-6035; Kolomensky, Yury/0000-0001-8496-9975; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/0000-0002-6520-4480; Grancagnolo, Sergio/0000-0001-8490-8304; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Morandin, Mauro/0000-0003-4708-4240; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Di Lodovico, Francesca/0000-0003-3952-2175; Calcaterra, Alessandro/0000-0003-2670-4826; Frey, Raymond/0000-0003-0341-2636 NR 19 TC 21 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 24 PY 2004 VL 93 IS 13 AR 131805 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.131805 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 857PS UT WOS:000224131400025 ER PT J AU Aubert, B Barate, R Boutigny, D Couderc, F Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Tisserand, V Zghiche, A Palano, A Pompili, A Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Ofte, I Stugu, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Charles, E Day, CT Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kukartsev, G Lynch, G Mir, LM Oddone, PJ Orimoto, TJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Ronan, MT Shelkov, VG Wenzel, WA Barrett, M Ford, KE Harrison, TJ Hart, AJ Hawkes, CM Morgan, SE Watson, AT Fritsch, M Goetzen, K Held, T Koch, H Lewandowski, B Pelizaeus, M Steinke, M Boyd, JT Chevalier, N Cottingham, WN Kelly, MP Latham, TE Wilson, FF Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T Hearty, C Knecht, NS Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Khan, A Kyberd, P Teodorescu, L Blinov, AE Blinov, VE Druzhinin, VP Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Solodov, EP Yushkov, AN Best, D Bruinsma, M Chao, M Eschrich, I Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M Mommsen, RK Roethel, W Stoker, DP Buchanan, C Hartfiel, BL Foulkes, SD Gary, JW Shen, BC Wang, K del Re, D Hadavand, HK Hill, EJ MacFarlane, DB Paar, HP Rahatlou, S Sharma, V Berryhill, JW Campagnari, C Dahmes, B Long, O Lu, A Mazur, MA Richman, JD Verkerke, W Beck, TW Eisner, AM Heusch, CA Kroseberg, J Lockman, WS Nesom, G Schalk, T Schumm, BA Seiden, A Spradlin, P Williams, DC Wilson, MG Albert, J Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Hitlin, DG Narsky, I Piatenko, T Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Yang, S Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Abe, T Blanc, F Bloom, P Chen, S Ford, WT Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Rankin, P Smith, JG Zhang, J Zhang, L Chen, A Harton, JL Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Zeng, QL Altenburg, D Brandt, T Brose, J Dickopp, M Feltresi, E Hauke, A 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RH Schwiening, J Simi, G Snyder, A Soha, A Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weaver, M Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Wittgen, M Wright, DH Yarritu, AK Young, CC Burchat, PR Edwards, AJ Meyer, TI Petersen, BA Roat, C Ahmed, S Alam, MS Ernst, JA Saeed, MA Saleem, M Wappler, FR Bugg, W Krishnamurthy, M Spanier, SM Eckmann, R Kim, H Ritchie, JL Satpathy, A Schwitters, RF Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Ye, S Bianchi, F Bona, M Gallo, F Gamba, D Bosisio, L Cartaro, C Cossutti, F Della Ricca, G Dittongo, S Grancagnolo, S Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vitale, L Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Banerjee, S Brown, CM Fortin, D Jackson, PD Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Sobie, RJ Band, HR Cheng, B Dasu, S Datta, M Eichenbaum, AM Graham, M Hollar, JJ Johnson, JR Kutter, PE Li, H Liu, R Mihalyi, A Mohapatra, AK Pan, Y Prepost, R Tan, P von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, J Wu, SL Yu, Z Greene, MG Neal, H AF Aubert, B Barate, R Boutigny, D Couderc, F Gaillard, JM Hicheur, A Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Tisserand, V Zghiche, A Palano, A Pompili, A Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Ofte, I Stugu, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Charles, E Day, CT Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kukartsev, G Lynch, G Mir, LM Oddone, PJ Orimoto, TJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Ronan, MT Shelkov, VG Wenzel, WA Barrett, M Ford, KE Harrison, TJ Hart, AJ Hawkes, CM Morgan, SE Watson, AT Fritsch, M Goetzen, K Held, T Koch, H Lewandowski, B Pelizaeus, M Steinke, M Boyd, JT Chevalier, N Cottingham, WN Kelly, MP Latham, TE Wilson, FF Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T Hearty, C Knecht, NS Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Khan, A Kyberd, P Teodorescu, L Blinov, AE Blinov, VE Druzhinin, VP Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Solodov, EP Yushkov, AN Best, D Bruinsma, M Chao, M Eschrich, I Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M Mommsen, RK Roethel, W Stoker, DP Buchanan, C Hartfiel, BL 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Playfer, S Xie, Y Andreotti, M Azzolini, V Bettoni, D Bozzi, C Calabrese, R Cibinetto, G Luppi, E Negrini, M Piemontese, L Sarti, A Treadwell, E Anulli, F Baldini-Ferroli, R Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Finocchiaro, G Patteri, P Peruzzi, IM Piccolo, M Zallo, A Buzzo, A Capra, R Contri, R Crosetti, G Lo Vetere, M Macri, M Monge, MR Passaggio, S Patrignani, C Robutti, E Santroni, A Tosi, S Bailey, S Brandenburg, G Chaisanguanthum, KS Morii, M Won, E Dubitzky, RS Langenegger, U Bhimji, W Bowerman, DA Dauncey, PD Egede, U Gaillard, JR Morton, GW Nash, JA Nikolich, MB Taylor, GP Charles, MJ Grenier, GJ Mallik, U Cochran, J Crawley, HB Lamsa, J Meyer, WT Prell, S Rosenberg, EI Rubin, AE Yi, J Biasini, M Covarelli, R Pioppi, M Davier, M Giroux, X Grosdidier, G Hocker, A Laplace, S Le Diberder, F Lepeltier, V Lutz, AM Petersen, TC Plaszczynski, S Schune, MH Tantot, L Wormser, G Cheng, CH Lange, DJ Simani, MC Wright, DM Bevan, AJ Chavez, CA Coleman, JP Forster, IJ Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R Hutchcroft, DE Parry, RJ Payne, DJ Sloane, RJ Touramanis, C Back, JJ Cormack, CM Harrison, PF Di Lodovico, F Mohanty, GB Brown, CL Cowan, G Flack, RL Flaecher, HU Green, MG Jackson, PS McMahon, TR Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Winter, MA Brown, D Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, NR Barlow, RJ Hart, PA Hodgkinson, MC Lafferty, GD Lyon, AJ Williams, JC Farbin, A Hulsbergen, WD Jawahery, A Kovalskyi, D Lae, CK Lillard, V Roberts, DA Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Flood, KT Hertzbach, SS Kofler, R Koptchev, VB Moore, TB Saremi, S Staengle, H Willocq, S Cowan, R Sciolla, G Sekula, SJ Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Mangeol, DJJ Patel, PM Robertson, SH Lazzaro, A Lombardo, V Palombo, F Bauer, JM Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Godang, R Kroeger, R Reidy, J Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Zhao, HW Brunet, S Cote, D Taras, P Nicholson, H Cavallo, N Fabozzi, F Gatto, C Lista, L Monorchio, D Paolucci, P Piccolo, D Sciacca, C Baak, M Bulten, H Raven, G Snoek, HL Wilden, L Jessop, CP LoSecco, JM Allmendinger, T Gan, KK Honscheid, 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Waldi, R Adye, T De Groot, N Franek, B Geddes, NI Gopal, GP Olaiya, EO Aleksan, R Emery, S Gaidot, A Ganzhur, SF Giraud, PF de Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Legendre, M London, GW Mayer, B Schott, G Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Purohit, MV Weidemann, AW Wilson, JR Yumiceva, FX Aston, D Bartoldus, R Berger, N Boyarski, AM Buchmueller, OL Claus, R Convery, MR Cristinziani, M De Nardo, G Dong, D Dorfan, J Dujmic, D Dunwoodie, W Elsen, EE Fan, S Field, RC Glanzman, T Gowdy, SJ Hadig, T Halyo, V Hast, C Hryn'ova, T Innes, WR Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Leith, DWGS Libby, J Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Marsiske, H Messner, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Ozcan, VE Perazzo, A Perl, M Petrak, S Ratcliff, BN Roodman, A Salnikov, AA Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Simi, G Snyder, A Soha, A Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weaver, M Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Wittgen, M Wright, DH Yarritu, AK Young, CC Burchat, PR Edwards, AJ Meyer, TI Petersen, BA Roat, C Ahmed, S Alam, MS Ernst, JA Saeed, MA Saleem, M Wappler, FR Bugg, W Krishnamurthy, M Spanier, SM Eckmann, R Kim, H Ritchie, JL Satpathy, A Schwitters, RF Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Ye, S Bianchi, F Bona, M Gallo, F Gamba, D Bosisio, L Cartaro, C Cossutti, F Della Ricca, G Dittongo, S Grancagnolo, S Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vitale, L Vuagnin, G Panvini, RS Banerjee, S Brown, CM Fortin, D Jackson, PD Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Sobie, RJ Band, HR Cheng, B Dasu, S Datta, M Eichenbaum, AM Graham, M Hollar, JJ Johnson, JR Kutter, PE Li, H Liu, R Mihalyi, A Mohapatra, AK Pan, Y Prepost, R Tan, P von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, J Wu, SL Yu, Z Greene, MG Neal, H CA BaBar Collaboration TI Direct CP violating asymmetry in B-0 -> K+pi(-) decays SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID NEUTRAL KAON AB We present a measurement of the direct CP violating asymmetry in the decay B-0-->K(+)pi(-) using a data sample of 227x10(6) Y(4S)-->B (B) over bar decays ollected with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II asymmetric-energy e(+)e(-) collider at SLAC. We observe a total signal yield of n(K)(-)pi(+)+n(K)(+)pi(-)=1606+/-51 decays and measure the asymmetry (n(K)(-)pi(+)-n(K)(+)pi(-))/(n(K)(-)pi(+)+n(K)(+)pi(-))=-0.133+/-0.030(stat)+/-0.009(syst). The probability of observing such an asymmetry in the absence of direct CP violation is 1.3x10(-5), corresponding to 4.2 standard deviations. C1 Phys Particules Lab, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. Univ Basilicata, I-85100 Potenza, Italy. Univ Valencia, CSIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular, IFIC, Valencia, Spain. Univ Bari, Dipartmento Fis, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Univ Bergen, Inst Phys, N-5007 Bergen, Norway. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. Ruhr Univ Bochum, Inst Expt Phys, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. Univ Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. 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Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis, Scuola Normale Super Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. Prairie View A&M Univ, Prairie View, TX 77446 USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Univ Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. CEA Saclay, DSM Dapnia, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. SUNY Albany, Albany, NY 12222 USA. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Univ Texas, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Sperimentale, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Univ Trieste, Dipartmento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Univ Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6, Canada. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. RP Phys Particules Lab, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. RI Martinez Vidal, F*/L-7563-2014; Kolomensky, Yury/I-3510-2015; Monge, Maria Roberta/G-9127-2012; Luppi, Eleonora/A-4902-2015; Calabrese, Roberto/G-4405-2015; Di Lodovico, Francesca/L-9109-2016; Lusiani, Alberto/N-2976-2015; Morandin, Mauro/A-3308-2016; Lusiani, Alberto/A-3329-2016; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/G-7212-2015; Cavallo, Nicola/F-8913-2012; Lista, Luca/C-5719-2008; Saeed, Mohammad Alam/J-7455-2012; de Groot, Nicolo/A-2675-2009; Bellini, Fabio/D-1055-2009; crosetti, nanni/H-3040-2011; Roe, Natalie/A-8798-2012; Neri, Nicola/G-3991-2012; Forti, Francesco/H-3035-2011; Rotondo, Marcello/I-6043-2012; Patrignani, Claudia/C-5223-2009; de Sangro, Riccardo/J-2901-2012; Sarti, Alessio/I-2833-2012; M, Saleem/B-9137-2013; Calcaterra, Alessandro/P-5260-2015; Frey, Raymond/E-2830-2016; Negrini, Matteo/C-8906-2014; Grancagnolo, Sergio/J-3957-2015; Kravchenko, Evgeniy/F-5457-2015; Peters, Klaus/C-2728-2008; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/J-5049-2012 OI Martinez Vidal, F*/0000-0001-6841-6035; Kolomensky, Yury/0000-0001-8496-9975; Monge, Maria Roberta/0000-0003-1633-3195; Luppi, Eleonora/0000-0002-1072-5633; Calabrese, Roberto/0000-0002-1354-5400; Di Lodovico, Francesca/0000-0003-3952-2175; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Morandin, Mauro/0000-0003-4708-4240; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/0000-0002-4276-715X; Saeed, Mohammad Alam/0000-0002-3529-9255; Bellini, Fabio/0000-0002-2936-660X; Neri, Nicola/0000-0002-6106-3756; Forti, Francesco/0000-0001-6535-7965; Rotondo, Marcello/0000-0001-5704-6163; Patrignani, Claudia/0000-0002-5882-1747; de Sangro, Riccardo/0000-0002-3808-5455; Sarti, Alessio/0000-0001-5419-7951; Calcaterra, Alessandro/0000-0003-2670-4826; Frey, Raymond/0000-0003-0341-2636; Negrini, Matteo/0000-0003-0101-6963; Grancagnolo, Sergio/0000-0001-8490-8304; Peters, Klaus/0000-0001-7133-0662; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/0000-0002-6520-4480 NR 18 TC 285 Z9 290 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 24 PY 2004 VL 93 IS 13 AR 131801 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.131801 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 857PS UT WOS:000224131400021 PM 15600911 ER PT J AU Feigel'man, MV Ioselevich, AS Skvortsov, MA AF Feigel'man, MV Ioselevich, AS Skvortsov, MA TI Quantum percolation in granular metals SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DYNAMICS; FILMS AB Theory of quantum corrections to conductivity of granular metal films is developed for the realistic case of large randomly distributed tunnel conductances. Quantum fluctuations of intergrain voltages (at energies E much below the bare charging energy scale E-C) suppress the mean conductance (g) over bar (E) much more strongly than its standard deviation sigma(E). At sufficiently low energies E-* any distribution becomes broad, with sigma(E-*)similar to(g) over bar (E-*), leading to strong local fluctuations of the tunneling density of states. The percolative nature of the metal-insulator transition is established by a combination of analytic and numerical analysis of the matrix renormalization group equations. C1 LD Landau Theoret Phys Inst, Moscow 119334, Russia. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Feigel'man, MV (reprint author), LD Landau Theoret Phys Inst, Kosygina 2, Moscow 119334, Russia. EM skvor@itp.ac.ru RI Feigelman, Mikhail/M-4113-2013 NR 17 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 24 PY 2004 VL 93 IS 13 AR 136403 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.136403 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 857PS UT WOS:000224131400062 PM 15524744 ER PT J AU Kozlov, A Sarty, AJ Aniol, KA Bartsch, P Baumann, D Bertozzi, W Bohinc, K Bohm, R Chen, JP Dale, D Dennis, L Derber, S Ding, M Distler, MO Dragovitsch, P Ewald, I Fissum, KG Friedrich, J Friedrich, JM Geiges, R Gilad, S Jennewein, P Kahrau, M Kohl, M Krygier, KW Liesenfeld, A Margaziotis, DJ Merkel, H Merle, P Muller, U Neuhausen, R Pospischil, T Potokar, M Riccardi, G Roche, R Rosner, G Rowntree, D Schmieden, H Sirca, S Templon, JA Thompson, MN Wagner, A Walcher, T Weis, M Zhao, J Zhou, ZL Golak, J Glockle, W Witala, H AF Kozlov, A Sarty, AJ Aniol, KA Bartsch, P Baumann, D Bertozzi, W Bohinc, K Bohm, R Chen, JP Dale, D Dennis, L Derber, S Ding, M Distler, MO Dragovitsch, P Ewald, I Fissum, KG Friedrich, J Friedrich, JM Geiges, R Gilad, S Jennewein, P Kahrau, M Kohl, M Krygier, KW Liesenfeld, A Margaziotis, DJ Merkel, H Merle, P Muller, U Neuhausen, R Pospischil, T Potokar, M Riccardi, G Roche, R Rosner, G Rowntree, D Schmieden, H Sirca, S Templon, JA Thompson, MN Wagner, A Walcher, T Weis, M Zhao, J Zhou, ZL Golak, J Glockle, W Witala, H CA A1 Collaboration TI Measurement of the exclusive He-3(e,e ' p) reaction below the quasielastic peak SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-SCATTERING; HE-3; MOMENTUM AB New, high-precision measurements of the He-3(e,e(')p) reaction using the A1 Collaboration spectrometers at the Mainz microtron MAMI are presented. These were performed in antiparallel kinematics at energy transfers below the quasielastic peak, and at a central momentum transfer of 685 MeV/c. Cross sections and distorted momentum distributions were extracted and compared to theoretical predictions and existing data. The longitudinal and transverse behavior of the cross section was also studied. Sizable differences in the cross-section behavior from theoretical predictions based on the plane wave impulse approximation were observed in both the two- and three-body breakup channels. Full Faddeev-type calculations account for some of the observed excess cross-section, but significant differences remain. C1 Univ Regina, Dept Phys, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada. Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia. St Marys Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Halifax, NS B3H 3C3, Canada. Calif State Univ Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90032 USA. Univ Mainz, Inst Kernphys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany. MIT, Nucl Sci Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Univ Ljubljana, Jozef Stefan Inst, SI-1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia. Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Univ Kentucky, Dept Phys & Astron, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. Florida State Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Tech Univ Darmstadt, Inst Kernphys, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany. Univ Glasgow, Dept Phys & Astron, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. Univ Georgia, Dept Phys & Astron, Athens, GA 30602 USA. Ruhr Univ Bochum, Inst Theoret Phys 2, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. Jagiellonian Univ, M Smoluchowski Inst Phys, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland. RP Kozlov, A (reprint author), Univ Regina, Dept Phys, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada. RI riccardi, gabriele/A-9269-2012; Friedrich, Jan/B-9024-2013; Merkel, Harald/B-9705-2013; Sarty, Adam/G-2948-2014 OI Friedrich, Jan/0000-0001-9298-7882; NR 22 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 24 PY 2004 VL 93 IS 13 AR 132301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.132301 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 857PS UT WOS:000224131400028 PM 15524710 ER PT J AU Narayanan, S Wang, J Lin, XM AF Narayanan, S Wang, J Lin, XM TI Dynamical self-assembly of nanocrystal superlattices during colloidal droplet evaporation by in situ small angle x-ray scattering SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID NANOPARTICLES; ORGANIZATION; NETWORKS AB The nucleation and growth kinetics of highly ordered gold nanocrystal superlattices during the evaporation of nanocrystal colloidal droplets was elucidated by in situ time-resolved small-angle x-ray scattering. We demonstrated for the first time that the evaporation rate can affect the dimensionality of the superlattices. The formation of two-dimensional nanocrystal superlattices at the liquid-air interface of the droplet has exponential growth kinetics that originates from interface crushing. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Narayanan, S (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 25 TC 143 Z9 144 U1 5 U2 52 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 24 PY 2004 VL 93 IS 13 AR 135503 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.135503 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 857PS UT WOS:000224131400052 PM 15524734 ER PT J AU Papenbrock, T Weidenmuller, HA AF Papenbrock, T Weidenmuller, HA TI Distribution of spectral widths and preponderance of spin-0 ground states in nuclei SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PHYSICS; SHELL AB We use a single j-shell model with random two-body interactions to derive closed expressions for the distribution of and the correlations between spectral widths of different spins. This task is facilitated by introducing two-body operators whose squared spectral widths sum up to the squared spectral width of the random Hamiltonian. The spin-0 width is characterized by a relatively large average value and small fluctuations, while the width of maximum spin has the largest average and the largest fluctuations. The approximate proportionality between widths and spectral radii explains the preponderance of spin-0 ground states. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Max Planck Inst Kernphys, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany. RP Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 20 TC 45 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 24 PY 2004 VL 93 IS 13 AR 132503 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.132503 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 857PS UT WOS:000224131400031 PM 15524713 ER PT J AU Reimerdes, H Chu, MS Garofalo, AM Jackson, GL La Haye, RJ Navratil, GA Okabayashi, M Scoville, JT Strait, EJ AF Reimerdes, H Chu, MS Garofalo, AM Jackson, GL La Haye, RJ Navratil, GA Okabayashi, M Scoville, JT Strait, EJ TI Measurement of the resistive-wall-mode stability in a rotating plasma using active MHD spectroscopy SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FEEDBACK STABILIZATION; DIII-D; TOKAMAKS; COILS AB The stability of the resistive-wall mode (RWM) in DIII-D plasmas above the conventional pressure limit, where toroidal plasma rotation in the order of a few percent of the Alfven velocity is sufficient to stabilize the n=1 RWM, has been probed using the technique of active MHD spectroscopy at frequencies of a few Hertz. The measured frequency spectrum of the plasma response to externally applied rotating resonant magnetic fields is well described by a single-mode approach and provides an absolute measurement of the damping rate and the natural mode rotation frequency of the stable RWM. C1 Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA USA. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Reimerdes, H (reprint author), Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. NR 18 TC 66 Z9 68 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 24 PY 2004 VL 93 IS 13 AR 135002 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.135002 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 857PS UT WOS:000224131400046 PM 15524728 ER PT J AU Rigal, LB Schmadel, DC Drew, HD Maiorov, B Osquiguil, E Preston, JS Hughes, R Gu, GD AF Rigal, LB Schmadel, DC Drew, HD Maiorov, B Osquiguil, E Preston, JS Hughes, R Gu, GD TI Magneto-optical evidence for a gapped Fermi surface in underdoped YBa2Cu3O6+x SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ANGLE-RESOLVED PHOTOEMISSION; HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS; THIN-FILM METALS; UNTWINNED YBA2CU3O6.95; NORMAL-STATE; HALL; CONDUCTIVITY; DEPENDENCE; SCATTERING; PSEUDOGAP AB The infrared (900-1100 cm(-1)) Faraday rotation and circular dichroism are measured in the normal state of underdoped High T-c superconductors and used to study the magnetotransport. YBa2Cu3O6+x thin films are investigated in the temperature range 10-300 K in magnetic fields up to 8 T and as a function of oxygen concentration. A dramatic increase of the Hall frequency is observed for underdoped samples, which is not consistent with the approach to a Mott transition but is consistent with a partial gapping of the Fermi surface as predicted in density wave models. C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Lab Natl Champs Magnetiques Pulses, F-31432 Toulouse, France. Ctr Atom, De Bariloche, Argentina. Inst Balseiro, De Bariloche, Argentina. McMaster Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RI Preston, John/B-5773-2009; Hughes, Robert/O-1124-2013 OI Preston, John/0000-0002-1612-1048; NR 29 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 24 PY 2004 VL 93 IS 13 AR 137002 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.137002 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 857PS UT WOS:000224131400070 PM 15524752 ER EF