FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Shu, CW Don, WS Gottlieb, D Schilling, O Jameson, L AF Shu, CW Don, WS Gottlieb, D Schilling, O Jameson, L TI Numerical convergence study of nearly incompressible, inviscid Taylor-Green vortex flow SO JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE spectral methods; weighted essentially non-oscillatory method; Taylor-Green vortex; convergence ID ESSENTIALLY NONOSCILLATORY SCHEMES; NONLINEAR CONSERVATION-LAWS; FINITE-DIFFERENCE SCHEMES; SHOCK-CAPTURING SCHEMES; HIGH-ORDER; EFFICIENT IMPLEMENTATION; VISCOSITY METHOD; SPECTRAL METHODS; TURBULENCE; DYNAMICS AB A spectral method and a fifth-order weighted essentially non-oscillatory method were used to examine the consequences of filtering in the numerical simulation of the three-dimensional evolution of nearly-incompressible, inviscid Taylor-Green vortex flow. It was found that numerical filtering using the high-order exponential filter and low-pass filter with sharp high mode cutoff applied in the spectral simulations significantly affects the convergence of the numerical solution. While the conservation property of the spectral method is highly desirable for fluid flows described by a system of hyperbolic conservation laws, spectral methods can yield erroneous results and conclusions at late evolution times when the flow eventually becomes under-resolved. In particular, it is demonstrated that the enstrophy and kinetic energy, which are two integral quantities often used to evaluate the quality of numerical schemes, can be misleading and should not be used unless one can assure that the solution is sufficiently well-resolved. In addition, it is shown that for the Taylor-Green vortex (for example) it is useful to compare the predictions of at least two numerical methods with different algorithmic foundations (such as a spectral and finite-difference method) in order to corroborate the conclusions from the numerical solutions when the analytical solution is not known. C1 Brown Univ, Div Appl Math, Providence, RI 02912 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Shu, CW (reprint author), Brown Univ, Div Appl Math, 182 George St, Providence, RI 02912 USA. EM shu@cfm.brown.edu; wsdon@cfm.brown.edu; dig@cfm.brown.edu; schilling1@llnl.gov; jameson3@llnl.gov RI Shu, Chi-Wang/A-3216-2013; Don, Wai Sun/B-7194-2009; HKBU, Mathematics/B-5086-2009; OI Shu, Chi-Wang/0000-0001-7720-9564; Schilling, Oleg/0000-0002-0623-2940 NR 47 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 12 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0885-7474 EI 1573-7691 J9 J SCI COMPUT JI J. Sci. Comput. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 24 IS 1 BP 569 EP 595 DI 10.1007/s10915-004-5407-y PG 27 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA 949TF UT WOS:000230810300001 ER PT J AU Lottes, JW Fischer, PF AF Lottes, JW Fischer, PF TI Hybrid multigrid/Schwarz algorithms for the spectral element method SO JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE multigrid; Schwarz methods; domain decomposition; spectral element methods; p-version finite element ID NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS; ELLIPTIC-EQUATIONS; P-VERSION; SCHWARZ METHODS; 3 DIMENSIONS; DISCRETIZATION; PRECONDITIONER; DEFLATION AB We study the performance of the multigrid method applied to spectral element (SE) discretizations of the Poisson and Helmholtz equations. Smoothers based on finite element (FE) discretizations, overlapping Schwarz methods, and point-Jacobi are considered in conjunction with conjugate gradient and GMRES acceleration techniques. It is found that Schwarz methods based on restrictions of the originating SE matrices converge faster than FE-based methods and that weighting the Schwarz matrices by the inverse of the diagonal counting matrix is essential to effective Schwarz smoothing. Several of the methods considered achieve convergence rates comparable to those attained by classic multigrid on regular grids. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Theoret & Appl Mech, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Lottes, JW (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Theoret & Appl Mech, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM fischer@anl.gov NR 43 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0885-7474 J9 J SCI COMPUT JI J. Sci. Comput. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 24 IS 1 BP 613 EP 646 DI 10.1007/s10915-004-4787-3 PG 34 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA 949TF UT WOS:000230810300003 ER PT J AU Harvey, SD AF Harvey, SD TI Molecularly imprinted polymers for selective analysis of chemical warfare surrogate and nuclear signature compounds in complex matrices SO JOURNAL OF SEPARATION SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE MIPs; selective analysis; signature compounds ID SOLID-PHASE EXTRACTION; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; SORBENTS AB This paper describes the preparation and evaluation of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) that display specificity toward diisopropyl methylphosphonate (DIMP) and tributyl phosphate (TBP). Polymer activity was assessed by solid-phase extraction and high-performance liquid chromatography experiments. Both DIMP- and TBP-specific vinylpyridine-based MIPs selectively retained their targets relative to a non-imprinted control. Proof-of-principle experiments demonstrated highly selective analysis of the targets from fortified complex matrix samples (diesel fuel, gasoline, and air extract concentrate). The retained MIP fractions gave near quantitative recovery of the target analytes with very low matrix background content. The same fraction from the control sorbent recovered only about half of the analyte and tended to be less pure. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Harvey, SD (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999,MSIN P8-50, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM scott.harvey@pnl.gov NR 26 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1615-9306 J9 J SEP SCI JI J. Sep. Sci. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 28 IS 11 BP 1221 EP 1230 DI 10.1002/jssc.200301702 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 953BK UT WOS:000231050400014 PM 16117000 ER PT J AU van Smaalen, S Dinnebier, R Hanson, J Gollwitzer, J Bullesfeld, F Prokofiev, A Assmus, W AF van Smaalen, S Dinnebier, R Hanson, J Gollwitzer, J Bullesfeld, F Prokofiev, A Assmus, W TI High-temperature behavior of vanadyl pyrophosphate (VO)(2)P2O7 SO JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE (VO)(2)P2O7; phase transitions; X-ray powder diffraction; thermal expansion ID SPIN-EXCHANGE INTERACTIONS; SELECTIVE OXIDATION; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; N-BUTANE; GROWTH; STATE; DIFFRACTION; PHOSPHATE; CATALYSIS; PHASES AB (VO)(2)P2O7 has been studied at high temperatures by in situ X-ray powder diffraction in an inert atmosphere. Lattice parameters indicate an anisotropic thermal expansion up to T-c = 214 degrees C, followed by an approximately isotropic expansion up to 490 degrees C. It is proposed that T, is the temperature of a second-order phase transition between the known room temperature form with space group Pca2(1) and a high-temperature form with space group Nab. Above 490 degrees C a minority phase develops in the sample that was identified as the V3+ containing compound V-4(P2O7)(3), while the anisotropic expansion along a suggests that stoichiometric (VO)(2)P2O7 transforms into (VO)(2)P2O7+x with interstitial oxygen located between the layers. With an onset at 706 degrees C all of the (VO)(2)P2O7 transforms into VPO4. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Bayreuth, Crystallog Lab, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany. Max Planck Inst Solid State Res, Stuttgart, Germany. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Frankfurt, Inst Phys, D-60054 Frankfurt, Germany. RP van Smaalen, S (reprint author), Univ Bayreuth, Crystallog Lab, POB 101251, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany. EM smash@uni-bayreuth.de RI van Smaalen, Sander/C-3489-2009; Hanson, jonathan/E-3517-2010; Dinnebier, Robert/B-5642-2015 OI van Smaalen, Sander/0000-0001-9645-8240; Dinnebier, Robert/0000-0003-2778-2113 NR 36 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-4596 J9 J SOLID STATE CHEM JI J. Solid State Chem. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 178 IS 7 BP 2225 EP 2230 DI 10.1016/j.jssc.2005.04.034 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 948DC UT WOS:000230695200008 ER PT J AU Zhou, QD Kennedy, BJ Wallwork, KS Elcombe, MM Lee, Y Vogt, T AF Zhou, QD Kennedy, BJ Wallwork, KS Elcombe, MM Lee, Y Vogt, T TI Temperature and pressure dependent structural studies of the ordered double perovskites Sr2TbRu1-xIrxO6 SO JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE perovskite; valence state; crystal structure; phase transition ID NEUTRON POWDER DIFFRACTION; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; CHARGE DISPROPORTIONATION; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES; PHASE-TRANSITION; VALENCE; TB; HO; LN; DIFFRACTOMETER AB High resolution powder diffraction studies are reported for the series of mixed RuIr perovskites Sr2TbR1-xIrxO6. Using a combination of synchrotron X-ray and neutron powder diffraction precise structures are established for the two end-member oxides, where the Tb oxidation state changes from + 3 in the Ru oxide to + 4 in the Ir containing oxide. The structures of both oxides are monoclinic. Cornposition dependent studies show that this valence transition is first order, Variable temperature diffraction show no evidence for any structural or valence state transitions. However, upon application if pressure Sr2TbRu1-xIrxO6, undergoes a valence state transition at low pressures. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Sydney, Sch Chem, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. Australian Nucl Sci & Technol Org, Bragg Inst, Menai, NSW 2234, Australia. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Kennedy, BJ (reprint author), Univ Sydney, Sch Chem, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. EM kennedy@chem.usyd.edu.au RI Vogt, Thomas /A-1562-2011; Lee, Yongjae/K-6566-2016; OI Vogt, Thomas /0000-0002-4731-2787; Kennedy, Brendan/0000-0002-7187-4579 NR 46 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 8 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-4596 J9 J SOLID STATE CHEM JI J. Solid State Chem. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 178 IS 7 BP 2282 EP 2291 DI 10.1016/j.jssc.2005.04.030 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 948DC UT WOS:000230695200016 ER PT J AU Borisov, YA Garrett, BC Mazunov, VA Nekrasov, YS AF Borisov, Yu. A. Garrett, B. C. Mazunov, V. A. Nekrasov, Yu. S. TI DFT calculations for the structure and properties of polychlorodibenzo-para-dioxine anion-radicals SO JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE polychlorodibenzo para-dioxines; anion-radicals; B3LYP calculation; asymmetric structure of 2,3,7,8-TCDD AR; electron affinity energy ID MECHANISM; DENSITY; ENERGY AB Calculations for molecules and anion-radicals (ARs) of polychlorodibenzo-para-dioxines (PCDDs) in gas phase have been performed by Becke-Lee-Yang-Parr (B3LYP) hybrid method. The peculiarity of PCDD AR structure consists in the fact that one of C-Cl bonds is approximately by 0.75 angstrom longer than the other C-Cl bonds and is about 2.6 angstrom. A symmetric structure of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-para-dioxine (TCDD) AR is the local minimum on the potential energy surface, which is higher than the absolute minimum by 2.76 kcal/mol. The electron affinity values were computed. PCDDs with one or two chlorine atoms have negative values of the electron affinity, while those with three or more chlorine atoms have positive ones. C1 Russian Acad Sci, Nesmeyanov Inst Organoelement Cpds, Moscow, Russia. PNNL, Envvironm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA USA. Russian Acad Sci, Ufa Div, Inst Mol & Crystal Phys, Ufa 450001, Russia. RP Borisov, YA (reprint author), Russian Acad Sci, Nesmeyanov Inst Organoelement Cpds, Moscow, Russia. EM yabor@ineos.ac.ru; Bruce.Garrett@pnl.gov; yusnekr@ineos.ac.ru RI Garrett, Bruce/F-8516-2011 NR 16 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU CONSULTANTS BUREAU/SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0022-4766 J9 J STRUCT CHEM+ JI J. Struct. Chem. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 46 IS 4 BP 591 EP 595 DI 10.1007/s10947-006-0175-1 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 077YF UT WOS:000240067000002 ER PT J AU Vogel, F Blanchard, JLD Marrone, PA Rice, SF Webley, PA Peters, WA Smith, KA Tester, JW AF Vogel, F Blanchard, JLD Marrone, PA Rice, SF Webley, PA Peters, WA Smith, KA Tester, JW TI Critical review of kinetic data for the oxidation of methanol in supercritical water SO JOURNAL OF SUPERCRITICAL FLUIDS LA English DT Review DE kinetics; oxidation; supercritical water; methanol; induction time; hydrolysis; preheating; surface catalysis ID RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPIC MEASUREMENT; PLUG-FLOW IDEALIZATION; FUNDAMENTAL KINETICS; HIGH-PRESSURES; ACETIC-ACID; HYDROTHERMAL CONDITIONS; HYDROGEN OXIDATION; BENZENE OXIDATION; REACTION PATHWAYS; DIFFUSION FLAMES AB Kinetic data for the oxidation of methanol in supercritical water are important as such to validate elementary reaction models, to design commercial supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) reactors for treating methanol-containing effluents, for reactors using methanol as auxiliary fuel, and for hydrothermal reformers converting the methanol to hydrogen, CO, and CO2 by partial oxidation. More broadly, the determination of reliable kinetic parameters for an organic compound in supercritical water is not only of interest for SCWO as a waste remediation technology, but also for calibrating the different experimental approaches used by various research groups. The purpose of this paper is to critically review existing methanol SCWO data and to present new data from our laboratory. Variations between the results from the different research groups were found to be due in part to differences in feed preheating and mixing, and residual oxygen dissolved in the organic/water feed stream. In samples from hydrolysis experiments, two new unidentified compounds were detected by HPLC analysis using electrochemical detection. Decomposition reactions during preheating are suspected to accelerate the oxidation kinetics. The early MIT data were found to be flawed by slow mixing of the reactant streams. The factors responsible for the large differences in the inter-laboratory comparison of methanol oxidation kinetics include: (i) the methanol feed concentration, (ii) insufficient reaction heat removal from tubular or coiled flow reactors, and (iii) the inherently different apparent kinetics for autocatalytic reactions in continuous-flow stirred tank reactor (CSTR) and plug flow reactor (PFR) systems because of the recirculation of radicals in a CSTR. High initial feed concentrations are shown to yield higher apparent first-order rate constants, by producing hot zones in the reactor and also by decreasing the induction time. Furthermore, many published data are suspected to be affected by reactor wall catalysis, manifested by strongly reduced induction times and possibly also by accelerated propagation kinetics. Three groups of data were identified that yield consistent apparent first-order kinetics for the post-induction period. A quantitative recommendation for the "best" kinetic data for methanol SCWO could not be made because of limited information, particularly for the induction time, and because of insufficient knowledge regarding the influence of wall catalysis in such systems. Simple global power law rate expressions are not adequate to describe the complex nature of autocatalytic oxidations over the full range of temperatures, feed concentrations, and residence times studied, but can be successfully applied to data sets obtained at similar experimental conditions. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 MIT, Dept Chem Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. MIT, Lab Energy & Environm, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. MIT, Inst Soldier Nanotechnol, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Tester, JW (reprint author), MIT, Dept Chem Engn, 77 Massachusetts Ave,Room 66-454, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM testerel@mit.edu RI Webley, Paul/A-3717-2008; Vogel, Frederic/B-1020-2008 OI Webley, Paul/0000-0003-3598-3767; NR 92 TC 74 Z9 79 U1 3 U2 54 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0896-8446 EI 1872-8162 J9 J SUPERCRIT FLUID JI J. Supercrit. Fluids PD JUL PY 2005 VL 34 IS 3 BP 249 EP 286 DI 10.1016/j.supflu.2003.12.018 PG 38 WC Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 932AW UT WOS:000229527600001 ER PT J AU Shenoy, GK Lewellen, JW Shu, DM Vinokurov, NA AF Shenoy, GK Lewellen, JW Shu, DM Vinokurov, NA TI Variable-period undulators as synchrotron radiation sources (vol 20, pg 205, 2003) SO JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION LA English DT Correction C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. RP Shenoy, GK (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM gks@aps.anl.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0909-0495 J9 J SYNCHROTRON RADIAT JI J. Synchrot. Radiat. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 12 BP 542 EP 542 DI 10.1107/S0909049505017814 PN 4 PG 1 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics GA 935RL UT WOS:000229799300025 ER PT J AU Dale, V Druckenbrod, DL Baskaran, L Aldridge, M Berry, M Garten, C Olsen, L Efroymson, R Washington-Allen, R AF Dale, V Druckenbrod, DL Baskaran, L Aldridge, M Berry, M Garten, C Olsen, L Efroymson, R Washington-Allen, R TI Vehicle impacts on the environment at different spatial scales: observations in west central Georgia, USA SO JOURNAL OF TERRAMECHANICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Assessing the Impact of Vehicular Traffic on Natural Areas CY NOV 04, 2003 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Soc Agron, Int Soc Terrain Vehicle Syst DE bulk density; disturbance; fort benning; land cover; landscape; management; scale; simulation; soil compaction; vegetation ID MECHANIZED MILITARY MANEUVERS; SOIL COMPACTION; PINUS-PALUSTRIS; COASTAL-PLAIN; GROWTH; MANAGEMENT; VEGETATION; LANDSCAPE; FIRE; AREA AB Roads and vehicles change the environmental conditions in which they occur. One way to categorize these effects is by the spatial scale of the cause and the impacts. Roads may be viewed from the perspective of road segments, the road network, or roads within land ownership or political boundaries such as counties. This paper examines the hypothesis that the observable impacts of roads on the environment depend on spatial resolution. To examine this hypothesis, the environmental impacts of vehicles and roads were considered at four scales in west central Georgia in and around Fort Benning: a second-order catchment, a third-order watershed, the entire military installation, and the five-county region including Fort Benning. Impacts from an experimental path made by a tracked vehicle were examined in the catchment. Land-cover changes discerned through remote sensing data over the past three decades were considered at the watershed and installation scales. A regional simulation model was used to project changes in land cover for the five-county region. Together these analyses provide a picture of the how environmental impacts of roads and vehicles can occur at different spatial scales. Following tracked vehicle impact with a D7 bulldozer, total vegetation cover responded quickly, but the plant species recovered differently. Soils were compacted in the top 10 cm and are likely to remain so for some time. Examining the watershed from 1974 to 1999 revealed that conversion from forest to nonforest was highest near unpaved roads and trails. At the installation scale, major roads as well as unpaved roads and trails were associated with most of the conversion from forest to nonforest. For the five-county region, most of the conversion from forest to nonforest is projected to be due to urban spread rather than direct road impacts. The study illustrates the value of examining the effects of roads at several scales of resolution and shows that road impacts in west central Georgia are most important at local to subregional scales. The insights from these analyses led to several questions about resource management at different spatial scales. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of ISTVS. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Comp Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Dale, V (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM dalevh@ornl.gov RI Dale, Virginia/B-6023-2009; Druckenbrod, Daniel/L-4717-2013; Baskaran, Latha/D-9754-2016; OI Baskaran, Latha/0000-0001-8487-3914; Efroymson, Rebecca/0000-0002-3190-880X; Berry, Michael/0000-0002-9191-9148; Druckenbrod, Daniel/0000-0003-2998-0017 NR 51 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4898 J9 J TERRAMECHANICS JI J. Terramech. PD JUL-OCT PY 2005 VL 42 IS 3-4 BP 383 EP 402 DI 10.1016/j.jterra.2004.10.011 PG 20 WC Engineering, Environmental SC Engineering GA 943SF UT WOS:000230373900016 ER PT J AU Duffy, SF Baker, EH Wereszczak, AA Swab, JJ AF Duffy, SF Baker, EH Wereszczak, AA Swab, JJ TI Weibull analysis effective volume and effective area for a ceramic C-ring test specimen SO JOURNAL OF TESTING AND EVALUATION LA English DT Article DE ceramics; C-ring test specimens; effective area; effective volume; finite-element analysis; gun barrels; parameter estimation; reliability; Weibull distribution AB C-ring specimen geometries are used to ascertain Weibull parameters for spatially distributed flaw populations in ceramic gun barrels. A review of previously published results used to compute effective areas and effective volumes for this test specimen geometry is presented along with deficiencies associated with these computations. In addition, the results of the numerical analyses presented utilizing finite-element analysis and component level reliability algorithms clearly indicate that geometric constraints called out in the current ASTM standard for C-ring testing must be revised. C1 Cleveland State Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Cleveland, OH 44115 USA. Connecticut Reserve Technol LLC, Cleveland, OH 44181 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21205 USA. RP Duffy, SF (reprint author), Cleveland State Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Cleveland, OH 44115 USA. RI Wereszczak, Andrew/I-7310-2016 OI Wereszczak, Andrew/0000-0002-8344-092X NR 4 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TESTING MATERIALS PI W CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DR, W CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 USA SN 0090-3973 J9 J TEST EVAL JI J. Test. Eval. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 33 IS 4 BP 233 EP 238 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA 934FL UT WOS:000229692200004 ER PT J AU Lindberg, SE Southworth, GR Bogle, MA Blasing, TJ Owens, J Roy, K Zhang, H Kuiken, T Price, J Reinhart, D Sfeir, H AF Lindberg, SE Southworth, GR Bogle, MA Blasing, TJ Owens, J Roy, K Zhang, H Kuiken, T Price, J Reinhart, D Sfeir, H TI Airborne emissions of mercury from municipal solid waste. I: New measurements from six operating landfills in Florida SO JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID REACTIVE GASEOUS MERCURY; AMBIENT AIR; GAS; SPECIATION; EXCHANGE AB Mercury-bearing material enters municipal landfills from a wide array of sources, including fluorescent lights, batteries, electrical switches, thermometers, and general waste; however, the fate of mercury (Hg) in landfills has not been widely studied. Using automated flux chambers and downwind atmospheric sampling, we quantified the primary pathways of Hg vapor releases to the atmosphere at six municipal landfill operations in Florida. These pathways included landfill gas (LFG) releases from active vent systems, passive emissions from landfill surface covers, and emissions from daily activities at each working face (WF). We spiked the WF at two sites with known Hg sources; these were readily detected downwind, and were used to test our emission modeling approaches. Gaseous elemental mercury (Hg-o) was released to the atmosphere at readily detectable rates from all sources measured; rates ranged from similar to 1-10 ng m(-2) hr(-1) over aged landfill cover, from similar to 8-20 mg/hr from LFG flares (LFG included Hg-0 at mu g/m(3) concentrations), and from similar to 200-400 mg/hr at the WF. These fluxes exceed our earlier published estimates. Attempts to identify specific Hg sources in excavated and sorted waste indicated few readily identifiable sources; because of effective mixing and diffusion of Hg-o, the entire waste mass acts as a source. We estimate that atmospheric Hg releases from municipal landfill operations in the state of Florida are on the order of 10-50 kg/yr, substantially larger than our original estimates, but still a small fraction of current overall anthropogenic losses. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Tennessee Technol Univ, Cookeville, TN 38505 USA. Florida Dept Environm Protect, Tallahassee, FL USA. Univ Cent Florida, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. RP Lindberg, SE (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM Lindbergse@ornl.gov RI Blasing, T/B-9498-2012; Mason, Robert/A-6829-2011; Kuiken, Todd/A-3784-2016 OI Kuiken, Todd/0000-0001-7851-6232 NR 24 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 6 U2 17 PU AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOC PI PITTSBURGH PA ONE GATEWAY CENTER, THIRD FL, PITTSBURGH, PA 15222 USA SN 1047-3289 J9 J AIR WASTE MANAGE JI J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 55 IS 7 BP 859 EP 869 PG 11 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 944NI UT WOS:000230435300001 PM 16111125 ER PT J AU Southworth, GR Lindberg, SE Bogle, MA Zhang, H Kuiken, T Price, J Reinhart, D Sfeir, H AF Southworth, GR Lindberg, SE Bogle, MA Zhang, H Kuiken, T Price, J Reinhart, D Sfeir, H TI Airborne emissions of mercury from municipal solid waste. II: Potential losses of airborne mercury before landfill SO JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article AB Waste distribution and compaction at the working face of municipal waste landfills releases mercury vapor (Hg-o) to the atmosphere, as does the flaring of landfill gas. Waste storage and processing before its addition to the landfill also has the potential to release He to the air if it is initially present or formed by chemical reduction of H-II to He within collected waste. We measured the release of Hg vapor to the atmosphere during dumpster and transfer station activities and waste storage before landfilling at a municipal landfill operation in central Florida. We also quantified the potential contribution of specific Hg-bearing wastes, including mercury (Hg) thermometers and fluorescent bulbs, and searched for primary Hg sources in sorted wastes at three different landfills. Surprisingly large fluxes were estimated for Hg losses at transfer facilities (similar to 100 mg/hr) and from dumpsters in the field (similar to 30 mg/hr for 1,000 dumpsters), suggesting that Hg emissions occurring before landfilling may constitute a significant fraction of the total emission from the disposal/landfill cycle and a need for more measurements on these sources. Reducing conditions of landfill burial were obviously not needed to generate strong He signals, indicating that much of the Hg was already present in a metallic (He) form. Attempts to identify specific Hg sources in excavated and sorted waste indicated few readily identifiable sources; because of effective mixing and diffusion of He, the entire waste mass acts as a source. Broken fluorescent bulbs and thermometers in dumpsters emitted Hg-o at 10 to > 100 mu g/hr and continued to act as near constant sources for several days. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Tennessee Technol Univ, Cookeville, TN 38505 USA. Florida Dept Environm Protect, Tallahassee, FL USA. Univ Cent Florida, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. RP Southworth, GR (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM Southworthgr@ornl.gov RI Kuiken, Todd/A-3784-2016 OI Kuiken, Todd/0000-0001-7851-6232 NR 15 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 10 PU AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOC PI PITTSBURGH PA ONE GATEWAY CENTER, THIRD FL, PITTSBURGH, PA 15222 USA SN 1047-3289 J9 J AIR WASTE MANAGE JI J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 55 IS 7 BP 870 EP 877 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 944NI UT WOS:000230435300002 PM 16111126 ER PT J AU Price, M Dong, JH Gu, XH Speakman, SA Payzant, EA Nenoff, TM AF Price, M Dong, JH Gu, XH Speakman, SA Payzant, EA Nenoff, TM TI Formation of YSZ-SDC solid solution in a nanocrystalline heterophase system and its effect on the electrical conductivity SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID OXIDE FUEL-CELL; ZIRCONIA THIN-FILMS; STABILIZED ZIRCONIA; CERIA; ELECTROLYTE AB The stability of an yttria-stabilized zirconia and samaria-doped ceria (YSZ-SDC) nanocrystalline heterophase system was studied with in situ high-temperature X-ray diffraction during a simulated sintering program. Formation of YSZ-SDC solid solution in the nanocrystalline system was found to start at a low temperature between 900 degrees and 950 degrees C. The analysis of lattice parameters as a function of temperature suggested that YSZ and SDC species diffused mutually during the formation of solid solution. The electrical conductivity of the YSZ-SDC solid solution was significantly lower than that of the YSZ and SDC. C1 New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Dept Chem & Petr Engn, New Mexico Petr Recovery Res Ctr, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Dong, JH (reprint author), New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Dept Chem & Petr Engn, New Mexico Petr Recovery Res Ctr, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. EM jhdong@nmt.edu RI Payzant, Edward/B-5449-2009 OI Payzant, Edward/0000-0002-3447-2060 NR 20 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 13 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 88 IS 7 BP 1812 EP 1818 DI 10.1111/j.1551.2916.2005.00389.x PG 7 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 940FC UT WOS:000230128100022 ER PT J AU Xu, HW Navrotsky, A Nyman, M Nenoff, TM AF Xu, HW Navrotsky, A Nyman, M Nenoff, TM TI Thermochemistry of framework titanosilicate A(2)TiSi(6)O(15) (A = K, Rb, Cs) SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID ION-EXCHANGE PROPERTIES; SI-29 MAS NMR; POROUS TITANOSILICATE; SILICOTITANATE PHASE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES; MOLECULAR-SIEVES; SNL-A; TITANIUM; ETS-10; ENERGETICS AB A new family of framework titanosilicates, A(2)TiSi(6)O(15) (A = K, Rb, Cs) (space group Cc), has recently been synthesized using the hydrothermal method. This group of phases can potentially be utilized for storage of radioactive elements, particularly Cs-137, due to its high stability under electron radiation and chemical leaching. Here, we report the syntheses and structures of two intermediate members in the series: KRbTiSi6O15 and RbCsTiSi6O15. Rietveld analysis of powder synchrotron X-ray diffraction data reveals that they adopt the same framework topology as the end-members, with no apparent Rb/K or Rb/Cs ordering. To study energetics of the solid solution series, high-temperature drop-solution calorimetry using molten 2PbO center dot B2O3 as the solvent at 975 K has been performed for the end-members and intermediate phases. As the size of the alkali cation increases, the measured enthalpies of formation from the constituent oxides (Delta H-f,ox(0)) and from the elements (Delta H-f,el(0)) become more exothermic, suggesting that this framework structure favors the cation in the sequence Cs+, Rb+, and K+. This trend is consistent with the higher melting temperatures of A(2)TiSi(6)O(15) phases with increase in the alkali cation size. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Thermochem Facil, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Davis, NEAT ORU, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Xu, HW (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos Neutron Scattering Ctr, LANSCE 12,MS H805, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM hxu@lanl.gov NR 40 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 6 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 88 IS 7 BP 1819 EP 1825 DI 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2005.00275.x PG 7 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 940FC UT WOS:000230128100023 ER PT J AU Newton, RC Manning, CE Hanchar, JM Finch, RJ AF Newton, RC Manning, CE Hanchar, JM Finch, RJ TI Gibbs free energy of formation of zircon from measurement of solubility in H2O SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID RARE-EARTH ELEMENTS; AQUEOUS FLUIDS; DEGREES-C; SYNTHETIC ZIRCON; PLUS FORSTERITE; TEMPERATURES; KBAR; EQUILIBRIA; PRESSURES; THORITE AB We exploited the large difference in the solubility of SiO2 and ZrO2 in H2O to constrain precisely the Gibbs energy of formation Of zircon (ZrSiO4). Solubility in H2O was determined at 800 degrees C, 1.2 GPa, by weight loss of synthetic zircon crystals. The experiments yielded fine-grained monoclinic ZrO2 as an incongruent solution product uniformly coating zircon crystals. Experiments on the ZrO2-coated zircon crystals were also carried out with an initially slightly SiO2-oversaturated fluid, causing weight gain by zircon regrowth. The mean SiO2 concentration for forward and reverse experiments was 0.069 +/- 0.010 mol/kg H2O (2 sigma). When combined with precise activity-composition measurements for aqueous SiO2, the data constrain the Gibbs free energy of zircon from its oxides at 298 K, 10(5) Pa, to be -19.30 +/- 1.16 kJ/mol (2 sigma). This determination is comparable in precision to the best measurements obtainable by more conventional methods, which suggests that determination of the thermochemical properties of other important ceramic materials may also be amenable to this method. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. George Washington Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Washington, DC 20006 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Manning, CE (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM manning@ess.ucla.edu RI Manning, Craig/A-1118-2009; Finch, Robert/D-9553-2013 OI Manning, Craig/0000-0002-1463-3701; Finch, Robert/0000-0001-9342-5574 NR 29 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 5 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 88 IS 7 BP 1854 EP 1858 DI 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2005.00348.x PG 5 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 940FC UT WOS:000230128100028 ER PT J AU Ziegler, A McNaney, JM Hoffmann, MJ Ritchie, RO AF Ziegler, A McNaney, JM Hoffmann, MJ Ritchie, RO TI On the effect of local grain-boundary chemistry on the macroscopic mechanical properties of a high-purity Y(2)O(3)-Al(2)O(3)-containing silicon nitride ceramic: Role of oxygen SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID R-CURVE BEHAVIOR; TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; FRACTURE-RESISTANCE MECHANISM; INTERGRANULAR FILM THICKNESS; PHASE CRYSTALLIZATION; EQUILIBRIUM THICKNESS; OXYNITRIDE GLASSES; OXIDATION; ALUMINA; STRENGTH AB The effects of grain-boundary chemistry on the mechanical properties of high-purity silicon nitride ceramics have been investigated, specifically involving the role of oxygen, present along the grain boundaries, in influencing the fracture behavior. To avoid complications from inadvertently introduced impurities, studies were performed on a high-purity Si(3)N(4) processed using two-step gas-pressure-MP sintering. Varying the grainboundary oxygen content, which was achieved by control of oxidizing heat treatments and sintering additives, was found to result in a transition in fracture mechanism, from transgranular to intergranular fracture, with an associated increase in fracture toughness. This phenomenon is correlated to an oxygen-induced change in grain-boundary chemistry and possibly to a concomitant structural transformation along the interface. The incorporation of oxygen appears to affect fracture by "weakening" the interface, thus facilitating debonding and crack advance along the boundaries, and hence to toughening by grain bridging. It is concluded that if the oxygen content in the thin grainboundary films exceeds a lower limit, which is similar to 0.87 equiv% oxygen content, then the interfacial structure and bonding characteristics favor intergranular debonding during crack propagation; otherwise, transgranular fracture ensues. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Karlsruhe, Inst Keram Maschinenbau, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Ritchie, RO (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM RORitchie@LBL.gov RI Ritchie, Robert/A-8066-2008; McNaney, James/F-5258-2013 OI Ritchie, Robert/0000-0002-0501-6998; NR 72 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 88 IS 7 BP 1900 EP 1908 DI 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2005.00412.x PG 9 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 940FC UT WOS:000230128100036 ER PT J AU Herrmann, KA Wysocki, VH Vorpagel, ER AF Herrmann, KA Wysocki, VH Vorpagel, ER TI Computational investigation and hydrogen/deuterium exchange of the fixed charge derivative tris(2,4,6-trimethoxyphenyl) phosphonium: Implications for the aspartic acid cleavage mechanism SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article ID COLLISION-INDUCED DISSOCIATION; TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; GAS-PHASE CLEAVAGE; SEARCHING SEQUENCE DATABASES; QUADRUPOLE ION-TRAP; PROTONATED PEPTIDES; LOW-ENERGY; PROTEIN IDENTIFICATION; TRYPTIC PEPTIDES; AB-INITIO AB Aspartic acid (Asp)-containing peptides with the fixed charge derivative tris(2,4,6-trimethoxyphenyl) phosphonium (tTMP-P+) were explored computationally and experimentally by hydrogen/deuterium (H/D) exchange and by fragmentation studies to probe the phenomenon of selective cleavage C-terminal to Asp in the absence of a "mobile" proton. Ab initio modeling of the tTMP-P+ electrostatic potential shows that the positive charge is distributed on the phosphonium group and therefore is not initiating or directing fragmentation as would a "mobile" proton. Geometry optimizations and vibrational analyses of different Asp conformations show that the Asp structure with a hydrogen bond between the side-chain hydroxy and backbone carbonyl lies 2.8 kcal/mol above the lowest energy conformer. In reactions with D2O, the phosphonium-derived doubly charged peptide (H+)P+LDIFSDF rapidly exchanges all 12 of its exchangeable hydro g ens for deuterium and also displays a nonexchanging population. With no added proton, P+LDIFSDF exchanges a maximum of 4 of 11 exchangeable hydrogens for deuterium. No exchange is observed when all acidic groups are converted to the corresponding methyl esters. Together, these H/D exchange results indicate that the acidic hydrogens are "mobile locally" because they are able to participate in exchange even in the absence of an added proton. Fragmentation of two distinct (H+)P+LDIFSDF ion populations shows that the nonexchanging population displays selective cleavage, whereas the exchanging population fragments more evenly across the peptide backbone. This result indicates that H/D exchange can sometimes distinguish between and provide a means of separation of different protonation motifs and that these protonation. motifs can have an effect on the fragmeittation. (c) 2005 American Society for Mass Spectrometry C1 Univ Arizona, Dept Chem, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA. RP Wysocki, VH (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Chem, 1306 E Univ Blvd, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM vwysocki@u.arizona.edu FU NIGMS NIH HHS [2 R01 GM051387, R01 GM051387, R01 GM051387-10] NR 68 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1044-0305 J9 J AM SOC MASS SPECTR JI J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 16 IS 7 BP 1067 EP 1080 DI 10.1016/j.jasms.2005.03.028 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA 939AW UT WOS:000230045500011 PM 15921922 ER PT J AU Griffith, DT Turner, JD Junkins, JL AF Griffith, DT Turner, JD Junkins, JL TI Automatic generation and integration of equations of motion for flexible multibody dynamical systems SO JOURNAL OF THE ASTRONAUTICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article AB In this paper, we consider a new direction for generating and simultaneously solving equations of motion for dynamical systems, using automatic differentiation. We overview the current computational approaches for solving multibody dynamics problems and discuss several choices for equation of motion formulation. We present an operator-overloading method for generating equations of motion automatically via Lagrange's Equations and solve them in a direct fashion. Several numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the method for simulating the motion of multibody dynamical systems. C1 Texas A&M Univ, Dept Aerosp Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Griffith, DT (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Struct Dynam Res Dept, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RI Griffith, Daniel/C-2807-2014 OI Griffith, Daniel/0000-0002-7767-3700 NR 22 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASTRONAUTICAL SOC PI SPRINGFIELD PA 6352 ROLLING MILL PLACE SUITE 102, SPRINGFIELD, VA 22152 USA SN 0021-9142 J9 J ASTRONAUT SCI JI J. Astronaut. Sci. PD JUL-SEP PY 2005 VL 53 IS 3 BP 251 EP 279 PG 29 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 033ZD UT WOS:000236892600002 ER PT J AU Chow, FK Street, RL Xue, M Ferziger, JH AF Chow, FK Street, RL Xue, M Ferziger, JH TI Explicit filtering and reconstruction turbulence modeling for large-eddy simulation of neutral boundary layer flow SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID SUBGRID-SCALE MODEL; NONHYDROSTATIC ATMOSPHERIC SIMULATION; APPROXIMATE DECONVOLUTION MODEL; PREDICTION SYSTEM ARPS; SURFACE-LAYER; NUMERICAL ERRORS; CHANNEL FLOWS; PART I; SIMILARITY; CLOSURE AB Standard turbulence closures for large-eddy simulations of atmospheric flow based on finite-difference or finite-volume codes use eddy-viscosity models and hence ignore the contribution of the resolved subfilter-scale stresses. These eddy-viscosity closures are unable to produce the expected logarithmic region near the surface in neutral boundary layer flows. Here, explicit filtering and reconstruction are used to improve the representation of the resolvable subfilter-scale (RSFS) stresses, and a dynamic eddy-viscosity model is used for the subgrid-scale (SGS) stresses. Combining reconstruction and eddy-viscosity models yields a sophisticated (and higher order) version of the well-known mixed model of Bardina et al.; the explicit filtering and reconstruction procedures clearly delineate the contribution of the RSFS and SGS motions. A near-wall stress model is implemented to supplement the turbulence models and account for the stress induced by filtering near a solid boundary as well as the effect of the large grid aspect ratio. Results for neutral boundary layer flow over a rough wall using the combined dynamic reconstruction model and the near-wall stress model show excellent agreement with similarity theory logarithmic velocity profiles, a significant improvement over standard eddy-viscosity closures. Stress profiles also exhibit the expected pattern with increased reconstruction level. C1 Stanford Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Environm Fluid Mech Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Univ Oklahoma, Sch Meteorol, Norman, OK 73019 USA. Univ Oklahoma, Ctr Anal & Predict Storms, Norman, OK 73019 USA. RP Chow, FK (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Atmospher Sci, POB 808,L-103, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM katopodes@stanfordalumni.org RI Xue, Ming/F-8073-2011 OI Xue, Ming/0000-0003-1976-3238 NR 76 TC 71 Z9 72 U1 1 U2 17 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0022-4928 J9 J ATMOS SCI JI J. Atmos. Sci. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 62 IS 7 BP 2058 EP 2077 DI 10.1175/JAS3456.1 PN 1 PG 20 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 951WJ UT WOS:000230962800002 ER PT J AU Candy, JV McClay, WA Awwal, AAS Ferguson, SW AF Candy, JV McClay, WA Awwal, AAS Ferguson, SW TI Optimal position estimation for the automatic alignment of a high-energy laser SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA A-OPTICS IMAGE SCIENCE AND VISION LA English DT Article ID FACILITY; SYSTEMS; SENSORS AB The alignment of high-energy laser beams for potential fusion experiments demands high precision and accuracy by the underlying positioning algorithms whether it be for actuator control or for monitoring the beam line for potential anomalies. The feasibility of employing on-line optimal position estimators in the form of model-based processors to achieve the desired results is examined. We discuss the modeling. the development, the implementation, and the processing of model-based processors applied to both simulated and actual beamline data. (C) 2005 Optical Society of America. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94526 USA. RP Candy, JV (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808,L-156, Livermore, CA 94526 USA. EM candy1@llnl.gov NR 20 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1084-7529 J9 J OPT SOC AM A JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. A-Opt. Image Sci. Vis. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 22 IS 7 BP 1348 EP 1356 DI 10.1364/JOSAA.22.001348 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA 941QC UT WOS:000230228300013 PM 16053156 ER PT J AU Itoh, K Itoh, SI Hahm, TS Diamond, PH AF Itoh, K Itoh, SI Hahm, TS Diamond, PH TI Effect of turbulence spreading on subcritical turbulence in inhomogeneous plasmas SO JOURNAL OF THE PHYSICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN LA English DT Article DE turbulence spreading; subcritical turbulence; plasma transport; nonlocal effect; generalized Maxwell's construction; minimum system size ID GYROKINETIC SIMULATION; ANOMALOUS TRANSPORT; TOKAMAK PLASMAS; DYNAMICS; CONFINEMENT; TRANSITION; BARRIERS AB The influence of the turbulence spreading is studied on the self-sustained turbulence which is induced by the subcritical instability. It is found that there is a minimum system size that can sustain the self-sustained turbulence, and an analytic formula is derived. The generalization of the Maxwell's construction rule is also derived. C1 Natl Inst Fus Sci, Gifu 5095292, Japan. Kyushu Univ 87, Inst Appl Mech, Fukuoka 8168580, Japan. Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Itoh, K (reprint author), Natl Inst Fus Sci, Gifu 5095292, Japan. RI Kyushu, RIAM/F-4018-2015; U-ID, Kyushu/C-5291-2016 NR 30 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU PHYSICAL SOC JAPAN PI TOKYO PA YUSHIMA URBAN BUILDING 5F, 2-31-22 YUSHIMA, BUNKYO-KU, TOKYO, 113-0034, JAPAN SN 0031-9015 J9 J PHYS SOC JPN JI J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 74 IS 7 BP 2001 EP 2006 DI 10.1143/JPSJ.74.2001 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 947PU UT WOS:000230659300028 ER PT J AU Wada, S Sugiata, H Sawai, D Mito, T Osada, M Fisher, RA Phillips, NE Luce, JL Stacy, AM AF Wada, S Sugiata, H Sawai, D Mito, T Osada, M Fisher, RA Phillips, NE Luce, JL Stacy, AM TI Antiferromagnetic ordering coupled with phonon mode anomalies in rare-earth cuprate NdCu2O4, probed by nuclear quadrupole resonance and Raman spectroscopy SO JOURNAL OF THE PHYSICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN LA English DT Article DE antiferromagnetic ordering; phonon anomaly; NdCu2O4; NMR; Raman ID SPIN-LATTICE RELAXATION; MAGNETIC RELAXATION; FIELDS; R=LA; ND AB We found evidence that two successive antiferromagnetic orderings of a rare earth cuprate NdCu2O4 (nonstandard monoclinic structure with magnetic Cu(1) and nonmagnetic Cu(2) sites) are strongly coupled with phonon mode anomalies. The nuclear quadrupole resonance frequency of Cu-63.65 on the Cu(2) site shows a step decrease below each of the ordering temperatures T-N1 similar to 20 K and T-N2 similar to 10 K, that originates from changes in the symmetry of the charge distribution on the surrounding lattice. In the Raman spectrum, the shift of a phonon mode near 300 cm(-1) displays an anomalous temperature dependence, which suggests a hardening of the lattice below T-N1 and a softening below T-N2. The Cu2+ spins on the Cu(1) site order antiferromagnetically below T-N1, and the complex magnetic behavior is ascribed to the variations in the exchange interactions between the Cu(l) spins and in the paramagnetic spin polarization of Nd3+ below T-N2. C1 Kobe Univ, Grad Sch Sci & Technol, Dept Mat Sci, Kobe, Hyogo 6578501, Japan. Kobe Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Phys, Kobe, Hyogo 6578501, Japan. Natl Inst Mat Sci, Adv Mat Lab, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050044, Japan. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Wada, S (reprint author), Kobe Univ, Grad Sch Sci & Technol, Dept Mat Sci, Kobe, Hyogo 6578501, Japan. EM wada@kobe-u.ac.jp RI Wada, Satoshi/G-1235-2015 OI Wada, Satoshi/0000-0003-1276-6620 NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 6 PU PHYSICAL SOC JAPAN PI TOKYO PA YUSHIMA URBAN BUILDING 5F, 2-31-22 YUSHIMA, BUNKYO-KU, TOKYO, 113-0034, JAPAN SN 0031-9015 J9 J PHYS SOC JPN JI J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 74 IS 7 BP 2076 EP 2081 DI 10.1143/JPSJ.74.2076 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 947PU UT WOS:000230659300038 ER PT J AU Mulhouse, JM De Steven, D Lide, RF Sharitz, RR AF Mulhouse, JM De Steven, D Lide, RF Sharitz, RR TI Effects of dominant species on vegetation change in Carolina bay wetlands following a multi-year drought SO JOURNAL OF THE TORREY BOTANICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE Carolina bays; climate variation; depression wetlands; drought; plant colonization; succession; vegetation dynamics ID UPPER COASTAL-PLAIN; SOUTH-CAROLINA; DEPRESSION WETLANDS; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; SEED BANK; HYDROLOGY; DYNAMICS AB MULHOUSE, J. M. (University of Georgia, Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, Drawer E, Aiken, SC 29802), D. DE STEVEN (USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Center for Bottomland Hardwoods Research, PO. Box 227, Stoneville, MS 38776), R. E LIDE (Northwest Florida Water Management District, 81 Water Management Dr., Havana, FL, 32333), AND R. R. SHARITZ (University of Georgia, Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, Drawer E, Aiken, SC 29802). Effects of dominant species on vegetation change in Carolina bay wetlands following a multi-year drought. J. Torrey Bot. Soc. 132: 411-420. 2005.-Wetland vegetation is strongly dependent upon climate-influenced hydrologic conditions, and plant composition responds in generally consistent ways to droughts. However, the extent of species composition change during drought may be influenced by the pre-existing structure of wetland vegetation. We characterized the vegetation of ten herbaceous Carolina bay wetlands on the South Carolina Upper Coastal Plain during a period of average rainfall and again near the end of a four-year drought. We hypothesized that, as a group, bays dominated by less robust plant species (characteristic of open-water pond and depression meadow vegetation types) would show greater compositional change than bays dominated by dense, robust-form clonal graminoids (characteristic of grass and sedge marsh vegetation types). Aquatic species decreased during the drought in all wetlands, regardless of vegetation group. Compared to grass/sedge marshes, pond/meadow wetlands acquired more species, particularly non-wetland species, during the drought. Pond/meadow wetlands also had greater increases in the abundances of species that require unflooded conditions to establish. Prior to the drought, all wetlands were ponded almost continuously, but during drought the pond/meadow wetlands had shorter and more variable hydroperiods than the grass/sedge marshes. Thus, vegetation change may be partly confounded with hydrologic conditions that provide greater opportunities for species recruitment in pond/meadow bays. The results suggest that Carolina bay vegetation dynamics may differ as a function of dominant vegetation and climate-driven variation in wetland hydrologic condition. C1 USDA, Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Ctr Bottomland Hardwoods Res, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. NW Florida Water Management Dist, Havana, FL 32333 USA. RP De Steven, D (reprint author), USDA, Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Ctr Bottomland Hardwoods Res, POB 227, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM ddesteven@fs.fed.us NR 33 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 4 U2 17 PU TORREY BOTANICAL SOCIETY PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0040-9618 J9 J TORREY BOT SOC JI J. Torrey Bot. Soc. PD JUL-SEP PY 2005 VL 132 IS 3 BP 411 EP 420 DI 10.3159/1095-5674(2005)132[411:EODSOV]2.0.CO;2 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 989RZ UT WOS:000233692800004 ER PT J AU Aldajah, SH Ajayi, OO Fenske, GR Xu, Z AF Aldajah, SH Ajayi, OO Fenske, GR Xu, Z TI Effect of laser surface modifications tribological performance of 1080 carbon steel SO JOURNAL OF TRIBOLOGY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article ID COATINGS AB High-power laser surface treatments in the form of glazing, shock peening, cladding, and alloying can significantly affect material surface properties. In this paper, effects of laser glazing, laser shock peening, and their combination on the tribological behavior of 1080 carbon steel were investigated. Laser glazing is a process in which a high-power laser beam melts the top layer of the surface, followed by rapid cooling and resolidification. This results in a new surface layer microstructure and properties. Laser shock peening, on the other hand, is a mechanical process in which a laser generates pressure pulses on the surface of the metal, similar to shot peening. Five conditions were evaluated: untreated (baseline), laser shock peened only (PO), laser glazed only, laser glazed then shock peened last, and laser shock peened then glazed last (PFGL). In pin-on-disc testing, all laser-treated surfaces reduced dry friction when sliding against alumina, with the PFGL surface having maximum friction reduction of 43%, especially in the early stage of testing. Under lubricated conditions, all laser-treated surfaces except the PO sample lowered friction against alumina. Similarly, all glazed samples showed reduced wear by a factor of 2-3, whereas the peening alone did not change wear significantly. These tribological results are associated with changes in the near-surface microstructure and properties. C1 United Arab Emirates Univ, Al Ain, U Arab Emirates. Argonne Natl Lab, Energy Technol Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Aldajah, SH (reprint author), United Arab Emirates Univ, Al Ain, U Arab Emirates. OI Aldajah, Saud/0000-0001-6061-1004 NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 12 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0742-4787 J9 J TRIBOL-T ASME JI J. Tribol.-Trans. ASME PD JUL PY 2005 VL 127 IS 3 BP 596 EP 604 DI 10.1115/1.1924461 PG 9 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 944HE UT WOS:000230417000015 ER PT J AU Sorooshian, J Borucki, L Stein, D Timon, R Hetherington, D Philipossian, A AF Sorooshian, J Borucki, L Stein, D Timon, R Hetherington, D Philipossian, A TI Revisiting the removal rate model for oxide CMP SO JOURNAL OF TRIBOLOGY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article DE removal rate; oxide; TEOS; Preston; flash heating; Lim-Ashby wear plot ID MECHANICAL POLISHING PROCESSES; PRESSURE AB This study seeks to explain removal rate trends and scatter in thermal silicon dioxide and PECVD tetraethoxysilane-sourced silicon dioxide (PE-TEOS) CMP using all augmented version of the Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanism. The proposed model combines the chemical and mechanical facets of interlevel dielectric (ILD) CMP and hypothesizes that the chemical reaction temperature is determined by transient flash heating. The agreement between the model and data suggests that the main source of apparent scatter in removal rate data plotted as rate versus pressure times velocity is competition between mechanical and thermochemical mechanisms. A method of visualizing removal rate data is described that shows, apart from any particular interpretative theory, that a smooth and easily interpretable surface underlies the apparent scatter. C1 Univ Arizona, Dept Chem & Environm Engn, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Intelligent Planar, Mesa, AZ 85205 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Sorooshian, J (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Chem & Environm Engn, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. NR 22 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 5 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0742-4787 J9 J TRIBOL-T ASME JI J. Tribol.-Trans. ASME PD JUL PY 2005 VL 127 IS 3 BP 639 EP 651 DI 10.1115/1.1866168 PG 13 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 944HE UT WOS:000230417000020 ER PT J AU Fisher, GL Meserole, CA AF Fisher, GL Meserole, CA TI Design for a kinematic, variable flux microcapillary array molecular beam doser SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A LA English DT Article ID SURFACE SCIENCE; GAS DOSERS; CAPILLARY AB The design of a microcapillary array for dosing gases in ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) is reported. The current design improves upon previous designs in ease of fabrication and assembly, and combines the attributes of minimum dead volume, minimum gas load on the vacuum system, collimated molecular flow, the ability to optimize dosing geometry and withdraw the doser when not in use, and ultimate UHV compatibility. These design characteristics result in an optimum source-target spacing enabling uniform, quantitative exposure of samples up to 1 in. in diameter. (c) 2005 American Vacuum Society. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Fisher, GL (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, NMT-16,POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM glfisher@lanl.gov NR 7 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 10 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 23 IS 4 BP 722 EP 724 DI 10.1116/1.1927531 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 948LL UT WOS:000230717200028 ER PT J AU Keenan, MR AF Keenan, MR TI Maximum likelihood principal component analysis of time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry spectral images SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 51st AVS International Symposium CY NOV 14-19, 2004 CL Anaheim, CA SP AVS ID MULTIVARIATE STATISTICAL-ANALYSIS; TOF-SIMS AB Many modern surface analytical instruments are able to acquire huge amounts of data in the form of spectral images. Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS), for instance, can easily generate a complete mass spectrum at each point in a two-dimensional or three-dimensional spatial array. The challenge for the data analyst, then, is to garner the analytically useful information from the overwhelming quantity of raw spectral data. Factor analysis techniques such as principal component analysis (PCA) have proven quite useful in this endeavor. Standard PCA, however, assumes that noise in the data is uniform, that is, that it does not depend on the magnitude of signal. This is clearly not correct for methods that rely on particle counting where the noise is governed by Poisson statistics. In this case, properly accounting for heteroscedasticity is essential to extracting the chemical information into a minimum number of factors while optimally excluding noise. Maximum likelihood PCA (MLPCA) is one approach to addressing this issue. MLPCA can, in principle, incorporate a separate uncertainty estimate for each individual observation in a data set. This article will present a MLPCA analysis of a simple and intuitive TOF-SIMS spectral image. The results show that there is a trade-off between the number of uncertainty parameters included in the model and the quality of each and, in fact, using poor estimates may be worse than ignoring the noise characteristics altogether. The best results were obtained by using a low-rank approximation to the noise rather than individual estimates. MLPCA will also be compared with an optimal scaling approach. For the particular example given, the added benefits of MLPCA do not outweigh the greatly increased computational demands of the technique. (c) 2005 American Vacuum Society. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Keenan, MR (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM mrkeena@sandia.gov NR 9 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 2 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 23 IS 4 BP 746 EP 750 DI 10.1116/1.1861935 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 948LL UT WOS:000230717200034 ER PT J AU Mani, P Krishnamurthy, VV Maat, S Kellock, AJ Robertson, JL Mankey, GJ AF Mani, P Krishnamurthy, VV Maat, S Kellock, AJ Robertson, JL Mankey, GJ TI Growth and characterization of epitaxial FexPt100-x films on MgO(111) SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 51st AVS International Symposium CY NOV 14-19, 2004 CL Anaheim, CA SP AVS ID ALLOYS AB FexPt100-x films were grown on MgO(111) by co-sputtering Fe and Pt. Composition of the films was determined by Rutherford backscattering spectrometry with an accuracy of 1%. Epitaxy and alloy ordering were quantified by x-ray diffraction and the order parameter was determined to be 0.97 for a film with x=30 and 0.99 for a film with x=25. Neutron diffraction measurements established the presence of an antiferromagnetic phase at T= 100 K in 500 nm FePt3 samples grown on MgO(111). Since FePt3 can be grown as an ordered antiferromagnet and a disordered ferromagnet, these films provide a pathway to grow lattice matched interfaces for exchange bias studies. (c) 2005 American Vacuum Society. C1 Univ Alabama, MINT Ctr, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. San Jose Res Ctr, Hitachi Global Storage Technol, San Jose, CA 95120 USA. IBM Corp, Div Res, Almaden Res Ctr, San Jose, CA 95120 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Mankey, GJ (reprint author), Univ Alabama, MINT Ctr, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. EM gmankey@mint.ua.edu RI Mankey, Gary/G-9110-2011 OI Mankey, Gary/0000-0003-3163-5159 NR 7 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 23 IS 4 BP 785 EP 789 DI 10.1116/1.1885020 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 948LL UT WOS:000230717200043 ER PT J AU Tian, F Boiadjiev, VI Pinnaduwage, LA Brown, GM Thundat, T AF Tian, F Boiadjiev, VI Pinnaduwage, LA Brown, GM Thundat, T TI Selective detection of Cr(VI) using a microcantilever electrode coated with a self-assembled monolayer SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 51st AVS International Symposium CY NOV 14-19, 2004 CL Anaheim, CA SP AVS ID SURFACE STRESS; IONS; ADSORPTION; SENSORS; PH AB We have demonstrated detection of Cr(VI) ions using functionalized microcantilevers under electrochemical control. Au-coated microcantilever working electrodes are modified with self-assembled monolayers of 4-mercaptopyridine (4-mPy) in sulfuric acid solution. Differential surface stress changes at the modified microcantilever have been measured as a function of applied potential while simultaneously measuring the current-potential response by cyclic voltammetry. The selective adsorption of Cr(VI) on 4-mPy monolayer-coated microcantilever electrode is attributed to hydrogen bonding. The stressogram (first derivative of surface stress of microcantilever with respect to potential versus electrode potential) suggests that a small amount of an intermediate oxidation state of chromium is retained at the 4-mPy monolayer, and this intermediate reduction product of Cr(VI) can be reversibly oxidized on the surface. Our results demonstrate that changes of differential surface stress due to the adsorption-controlled electrochemical reaction can be observed at high sensitivity. This potential controlled microcantilever technique offers insights into the behavior of the solid-liquid interface during electrochemical reactions at modified electrodes. (c) 2005 American Vacuum Society. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Tian, F (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM browngml@ornl.gov; thundattg@ornl.gov NR 22 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 9 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 23 IS 4 BP 1022 EP 1028 DI 10.1116/1.1943456 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 948LL UT WOS:000230717200085 ER PT J AU Ketteler, G Ranke, W AF Ketteler, G Ranke, W TI Epitaxial iron oxide growth on a stepped Pt(91111) surface SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 51st AVS International Symposium CY NOV 14-19, 2004 CL Anaheim, CA SP AVS ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; ENERGY-ELECTRON-DIFFRACTION; STYRENE SYNTHESIS; CRYSTAL-SURFACES; THIN-FILMS; CATALYSTS; PLATINUM; OXYGEN; ETHYLBENZENE; NUCLEATION AB In an attempt to introduce steps in oxide surfaces in a controlled way, different iron oxide phases Were grown on an atomically stepped Pt(9 11 11) surface. For low coverages, wetting FeO(111) films are formed which induce step bunching with doubled and tripled terrace widths. Further Fe deposition and oxidation results in formation of Fe3O4(111) islands in a similar Stranski-Krastanov growth mode as on the basal Pt(111) surface. However, restricted diffusion across the step bunches results in a high concentration of comparatively flat elongated Fe3O4 islands which form a closed coalesced film at relatively low overall deposition. High pressure oxidation of coalesced Fe3O4 films results in poorly defined Fe2O3(0001). The FeO films grown on vicinal Pt substrates may serve as model systems for systematic studies of well-defined defective oxide surfaces, but the catalytically more relevant Fe3O4 and Fe2O3 phases cannot be obtained reproducibly with a well-defined step structure. (c) 2005 American Vacuum Society. C1 Max Planck Gesell, Fritz Haber Inst, Dept Inorgan Chem, D-14195 Berlin, Germany. RP Ketteler, G (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Mail Stop 66-214,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM gketteler@lbl.gov NR 36 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 23 IS 4 BP 1055 EP 1060 DI 10.1116/1.1889441 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 948LL UT WOS:000230717200090 ER PT J AU Dherea, NG Dhere, RG AF Dherea, NG Dhere, RG TI Thin-film photovoltaics SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 51st AVS International Symposium CY NOV 14-19, 2004 CL Anaheim, CA SP AVS ID SOLAR-CELLS; HETEROJUNCTIONS; PERFORMANCE; EFFICIENCY AB CdTe and CuIn1-xGaxSe2-ySy (CIGSS) are ideal candidates for thin-film solar cells. Present photovoltaic (PV) conversion efficiencies of champion thin-film solar cells are: CuIn1-xGaxSe2 (CIGS) 19.5%, CdTe 16.5%, and a-Si: H 12.4%. Thin-film PV modules could spearhead production growth of photovoltaics in the United States because of their added production capacity. For this purpose, module efficiencies must be improved to the 13%-15% range. Obtaining Ohmic contacts is difficult, especially for CdTe, because of the inherently low p-type doping level. Therefore, increasing the p-type doping level is important. Growth of CIGSS film must be controlled carefully as it transitions from Cu-rich to In-rich composition. Other issues for CIGSS cells are minimizing indium consumption, and increasing process throughput of selenization/sulfurization and transparent conducting oxide deposition. Development of all-dry processing for CdS deposition would be beneficial for both cells. This paper discusses basic devices and related issues. (c) 2005 American Vacuum Society. C1 Florida Solar Energy Ctr, Cocoa, FL 32922 USA. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Dherea, NG (reprint author), Florida Solar Energy Ctr, 1679 Clearlake Rd, Cocoa, FL 32922 USA. EM dhere@fsec.ucf.edu; ramesh_dhere@nrel.gov NR 40 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 10 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 23 IS 4 BP 1208 EP 1214 DI 10.1116/1.1897697 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 948LL UT WOS:000230717200116 ER PT J AU Dylla, HF Corneliussen, ST AF Dylla, HF Corneliussen, ST TI John Ambrose Fleming and the beginning of electronics SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 51st AVS International Symposium CY NOV 14-19, 2004 CL Anaheim, CA SP AVS AB 2004 was the centenary of John Ambrose Fleming's momentous patent on the thermionic diode that can be called the birth of electronics. The "Edison effect" was discovered in 1882; this was later shown to be the result of thermionic emission of electrons from a heated filament into a vacuum. Edison did not make any significant devices based on this discovery, and the effect was ignored for more than 8 years. In 1890 Fleming explained the effect and showed that the thermionic diode could be used as a rectifier. Fourteen years later Fleming filed his 1904 patent on the thermionic diode. It was the first public announcement of the electron tube; this revolutionized the development of radio and led to the invention of the thermionic triode by Lee de Forest in 1906. The background to these events will be described. (c) 2005 American Vacuum Society. C1 Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Dylla, HF (reprint author), Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Jefferson Lab, 1200 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. EM dylla@jlab.org NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 23 IS 4 BP 1244 EP 1251 DI 10.1116/1.1881652 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 948LL UT WOS:000230717200122 ER PT J AU Ladd, P Crandall, J Hechler, M Henderson, S Kersevan, R Murdoch, G Tang, J AF Ladd, P Crandall, J Hechler, M Henderson, S Kersevan, R Murdoch, G Tang, J CA SNS ASD Vacuum Team TI Overview of the Spallation Neutron Source vacuum systems SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 51st AVS International Symposium CY NOV 14-19, 2004 CL Anaheim, CA SP AVS AB The Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) is an accelerator-based neutron source being built in Oak Ridge, Tennessee, by the U.S. Department of Energy. The SNS will provide the most intense pulsed neutron beams in the world for scientific research and industrial development. At a total cost of $1.4 billion, construction began in 1999 and will be completed in 2006 the culmination of the collaborative efforts of six National Laboratories. An overview of the contribution of these laboratories is provided specifically addressing the design and construction of the numerous vacuum systems and their integration into an operational facility (N. Holtkamp, The SNS Linac and Storage Ring: Challenges and Progress Towards meeting them, EPAC 2002). (c) 2005 American Vacuum Society. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, SNS Project, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Ladd, P (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, SNS Project, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 23 IS 4 BP 1270 EP 1275 DI 10.1116/1.1947202 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 948LL UT WOS:000230717200126 ER PT J AU Kannan, B Kulkarni, RP Satyanarayana, S Castelino, K Majumdar, A AF Kannan, B Kulkarni, RP Satyanarayana, S Castelino, K Majumdar, A TI Chemical patterning for the highly specific and programmed assembly of nanostructures SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article ID PROTEIN INTERACTIONS; CARBON NANOTUBES; FILMS; MICROFABRICATION; MONOLAYERS; ADSORPTION; SURFACES; RESIST; DNA AB We have developed a new chemical patterning technique based on standard lithography-based processes to assemble nanostructures on surfaces with extraordinarily high selectivity. This patterning process is used to create patterns of aminosilane molecular layers surrounded by highly inert poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG) molecules. While the aminosilane regions facilitate nanostructure assembly, the PEG coating prevents adsorption of molecules and nanostructures, thereby priming the semiconductor substrate for the highly localized and programmed assembly of nanostructures. We demonstrate the power and versatility of this manufacturing process by building multilayered structures of gold nanoparticles attached to molecules of DNA onto the aminosilane patterns, with zero nanocrystal adsorption onto the surrounding PEG regions. The highly specific surface chemistry developed here can be used in conjunction with standard microfabrication and emerging nanofabrication technology to seamlessly integrate various nanostructures with semiconductor electronics. (c) 2005 American Vacuum Society. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Engn Mech, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Mat Sci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Majumdar, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Engn Mech, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM majumdar@me.berkeley.edu NR 20 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 23 IS 4 BP 1364 EP 1370 DI 10.1116/1.1990159 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 955FS UT WOS:000231211500005 ER PT J AU Jacobsohn, LG Zhang, X Misra, A Nastasi, M AF Jacobsohn, LG Zhang, X Misra, A Nastasi, M TI Synthesis of metallic nanocrystals with size and depth control: A case study SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article ID ELECTROMAGNETIC ENERGY-TRANSPORT; ION-IMPLANTATION; NANOPARTICLES AB The goal of this work is to investigate the use of thermal annealing of thin metallic layers buried in a capping ceramic material to obtain controlled synthesis of metallic nanocrystals, i.e., to achieve nanocrystal formation with size control and narrow size distribution. SiO2/Pt/SiO2 films were deposited by electron beam evaporation with different Pt layer thickness, 5, 10, and 25 A. After deposition, films were annealed in vacuum at 500, 700 and 900 degrees C for times from 10 to 180 min. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy revealed the presence of Pt nanocrystals, their average size, and size distribution. By tuning the Pt layer thickness and the annealing conditions, it was possible to control the final nanocrystal size with narrow size distribution typically of +/- 1 nm. (c) 2005 American Vacuum Society. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mech Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Jacobsohn, LG (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, POB 1663,MST-8 G755, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM lgjacob@lanl.gov RI Misra, Amit/H-1087-2012; OI Jacobsohn, Luiz/0000-0001-8991-3903 NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 23 IS 4 BP 1470 EP 1473 DI 10.1116/1.1941248 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 955FS UT WOS:000231211500023 ER PT J AU Muntean, L Planques, R Kilcoyne, ALD Leone, SR Gilles, MK Hinsberg, WD AF Muntean, L Planques, R Kilcoyne, ALD Leone, SR Gilles, MK Hinsberg, WD TI Chemical mapping of polymer photoresists by scanning transmission x-ray microscopy SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article ID FIELD INFRARED MICROSCOPY; ELECTRON-BEAM LITHOGRAPHY; ADVANCED LIGHT-SOURCE; 0.13 MU-M; IMAGING TECHNIQUE; SPECTROMICROSCOPY; SPECTROSCOPY; CHALLENGES; SCATTERING; MOLECULES AB Scanning transmission x-ray microscopy (STXM) is shown to be a powerful imaging technique that provides chemical selectivity and high spatial resolution (similar to 35 nm) for studying chemically amplified photoresists. Samples of poly(4-t-butoxycarbonyloxystyrene) PTBOCST resist, imprinted by deep ultraviolet lithography with a line/space pattern of 1.10 mu m/0.87 mu m followed by a post-exposure bake, are used to demonstrate STXM imaging capabilities to extract photoresist latent images. Chemical contrast is obtained by measuring the x-ray absorption at an energy of 290.5 eV, corresponding to a carbon K shell electronic transition to the unoccupied pi* molecular orbital of the PTBOCST carbonyl group. A quantitative analysis provides the spatial distribution of the fraction of the unexposed and deprotected polymers remaining after the post-exposure bake stage as well as the thickness of both regions. Both chemical and topographical contributions to the total contrast are estimated. Advantages and limitations of STXM in comparison with other imaging techniques with chemical specificity are discussed. (c) 2005 American Vacuum Society. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem & Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. IBM Corp, Almaden Res Ctr, San Jose, CA 95120 USA. RP Gilles, MK (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM MKGilles@lbl.gov RI Kilcoyne, David/I-1465-2013 NR 34 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 23 IS 4 BP 1630 EP 1636 DI 10.1116/1.1978899 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 955FS UT WOS:000231211500049 ER PT J AU Lehman, J Dillon, A AF Lehman, J Dillon, A TI Carbon-nanotube coatings promise better thermal detectors SO LASER FOCUS WORLD LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; SINGLE-WALLED NANOTUBES AB With high thermal conductivity and resistance to damage, carbon-nanotube coatings are a promising new technology for thermal detectors. This viable alternative may eventually provide better radiometric standards for laser measurement. C1 Natl Inst Standards & Technol, Detectors & Displays Grp, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Lehman, J (reprint author), Natl Inst Standards & Technol, Detectors & Displays Grp, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. EM lehman@boulder.nist.gov; anne_dillon@nrel.gov NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU PENNWELL PUBL CO PI NASHUA PA 98 SPIT BROOK RD, NASHUA, NH 03062-2801 USA SN 0740-2511 J9 LASER FOCUS WORLD JI Laser Focus World PD JUL PY 2005 VL 41 IS 7 BP 81 EP + PG 5 WC Optics SC Optics GA 944XZ UT WOS:000230465800027 ER PT J AU Goldberg, Z Schwietert, C Isbell, M Lehmann, J Stern, R Jones, A Rocke, D AF Goldberg, Z Schwietert, C Isbell, M Lehmann, J Stern, R Jones, A Rocke, D TI In vivo molecular profiling of tissue level responses in support of the evaluation of new systemic agents in combined modality therapy in the treatment of non-small cell lung carcinoma SO LUNG CANCER LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 11th World Conference on Lung Cancer CY JUL 03-06, 2005 CL Barcelona, SPAIN C1 Univ Calif Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RI Rocke, David/I-7044-2013 OI Rocke, David/0000-0002-3958-7318 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0169-5002 J9 LUNG CANCER-J IASLC JI Lung Cancer PD JUL PY 2005 VL 49 SU 2 BP S126 EP S126 PG 1 WC Oncology; Respiratory System SC Oncology; Respiratory System GA 956NV UT WOS:000231307800411 ER PT J AU He, M AF He, M TI A statistical model for estimation of lung tumor doubling time SO LUNG CANCER LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 11th World Conference on Lung Cancer CY JUL 03-06, 2005 CL Barcelona, SPAIN C1 Univ Calif Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0169-5002 J9 LUNG CANCER-J IASLC JI Lung Cancer PD JUL PY 2005 VL 49 SU 2 BP S126 EP S127 DI 10.1016/S0169-5002(05)80540-9 PG 2 WC Oncology; Respiratory System SC Oncology; Respiratory System GA 956NV UT WOS:000231307800415 ER PT J AU Hu, ZB Xia, XH Marquez, M Weng, H Tang, LP AF Hu, ZB Xia, XH Marquez, M Weng, H Tang, LP TI Controlled release from and tissue response to physically bonded hydrogel nanoparticle assembly SO MACROMOLECULAR SYMPOSIA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th Polymer-Networks-Group Meeting CY AUG 15-19, 2004 CL Bethesda, MD SP Natl Inst Hlth, IUPAC, Natl Inst Standards & Technol DE biocompatibility; drug delivery systems; gelation; hydrogels; nanoparticles ID FOREIGN-BODY REACTIONS; N-ISOPROPYLACRYLAMIDE; DISPERSIONS; NETWORKS; GELATION; PROTEIN; GELS AB Our recent work on synthesis and application of thermally gelling nanoparticle dispersions is briefly reviewed here. These nanoparticles consist of interpenetrating polymer networks (IPN) of poly-acrylic acid (PAAc) and poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM). The aqueous IPN nanoparticle dispersions with polymer concentrations above 2.5 wt % underwent an inverse thermoreversible gelation at about 33 degrees C. Dextran markers of various molecular weights as model macromolecular pseudodrugs were mixed with the IPN nanoparticle dispersion at room temperature. At body temperature, the dispersion became a gel. The dextran release profiles were then measured using UV-visible spectroscopy. The biocompatibility of this nanoparticle assembly was assessed using an animal implantation model. C1 Univ N Texas, Dept Chem & Phys, Denton, TX 76203 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Texas, Biomed Engn Program, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. RP Hu, ZB (reprint author), Univ N Texas, Dept Chem & Phys, POB 311427, Denton, TX 76203 USA. EM zbhu@unt.edu NR 23 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 9 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1022-1360 J9 MACROMOL SYMP JI Macromol. Symp. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 227 BP 275 EP 284 DI 10.1002/masy.200550927 PG 10 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 959AX UT WOS:000231490400028 ER PT J AU Johnson, AW Serrano, NJ Morgan, AW Jamison, R Choy, YB Choi, H Kim, K DeCarlo, F AF Johnson, AW Serrano, NJ Morgan, AW Jamison, R Choy, YB Choi, H Kim, K DeCarlo, F TI Imaging therapeutic proteins in gelatin for controlled drug release SO MACROMOLECULAR SYMPOSIA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th Polymer-Networks-Group Meeting CY AUG 15-19, 2004 CL Bethesda, MD SP Natl Inst Hlth, IUPAC, Natl Inst Standards & Technol DE confocal microscopy; drug delivery systems; protein; tomography; x-ray imaging ID RAY COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; METHYL 4-MERCAPTOBUTYRIMIDATE; MONOLAYERS; REAGENT; BETA AB Preliminary results from this study show that x-ray microcomputed tomography can be used to image model proteins for bone inducing growth factors. Small quantities (< 1 mu g protein/mg gelatin) of soybean trypsin inhibitor labeled with either gold nanoparticles or nonradioactive iodine were detected using synchrotron radiation. These results could lead to a new method of measuring the release profile of therapeutic proteins. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Mech & Ind Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Johnson, AW (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Mech & Ind Engn, 1206 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM ajwj@uiuc.edu RI Choy, Young Bin/J-5690-2012; Whittington, Abby/C-7910-2013; Wagoner Johnson, Amy/C-3472-2008 OI Whittington, Abby/0000-0002-9667-0089; Wagoner Johnson, Amy/0000-0001-8396-3803 NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1022-1360 J9 MACROMOL SYMP JI Macromol. Symp. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 227 BP 295 EP 305 DI 10.1002/masy.200550929 PG 11 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 959AX UT WOS:000231490400030 ER PT J AU Lee, RF Anderson, JW AF Lee, RF Anderson, JW TI Significance of cytochrome P450 system responses and levels of bile fluorescent aromatic compounds in marine wildlife following oil spills SO MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN LA English DT Review DE biomarker; oil; spill; cytochrome P450; bile; hydrocarbon; aromatic; CYPlA ID PRINCE-WILLIAM-SOUND; ARYL-HYDROCARBON HYDROXYLASE; MIXED-FUNCTION OXIDASE; FLOUNDER PSEUDOPLEURONECTES-AMERICANUS; XENOBIOTIC METABOLIZING ENZYMES; ETHOXYRESORUFIN O-DEETHYLASE; SPOT LEIOSTOMUS-XANTHURUS; NATURAL PETROLEUM SEEP; SOLE PAROPHRYS-VETULUS; MUSSEL MYTILUS-EDULIS AB The relationships among cytochrome P450 induction in marine wildlife species, levels of fluorescent aromatic compounds (FAC) in their bile, the chemical composition of the inducing compounds, the significance of the exposure pathway, and any resulting injury, as a consequence of exposure to crude oil following a spill, are reviewed. Fish collected after oil spills often show increases in cytochrome P450 system activity, cytochrome P4501A (CYP1A) and bile fluorescent aromatic compounds (FAC), that are correlated with exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in the oil. There is also some evidence for increases in bile FAC and induction of cytochrome P450 in marine birds and mammals after oil spills. However, when observed, increases in these exposure indicators are transitory and generally decrease to background levels within one year after the exposure. Laboratory studies have shown induction of cytochrome P450 systems occurs after exposure of fish to crude oil in water, sediment or food. Most of the PAH found in crude oil (dominantly 2- and 3-ring PAH) are not strong inducers of cytochrome P450. Exposure to the 4-ring chrysenes or the photooxidized products of the PAH may account for the cytochrome P450 responses in fish collected from oil-spill sites. The contribution of non-spill background PAH, particularly combustion-derived (pyrogenic) PAH, to bile FAC and cytochrome P450 system responses can be confounding and needs to be considered when evaluating oil spill effects. The ubiquity of pyrogenic PAH makes it important to fully characterize all sources of PAH, including PAH from natural resources, e.g. retene, in oil spill studies. In addition, such parameters as species, sex, age, ambient temperature and season need to be taken into account. While increases in fish bile FAC and cytochrome P450 system responses, can together, be sensitive general indicators of PAH exposure after an oil spill, there is little unequivocal evidence to suggest a linkage to higher order biological effects, e.g. toxicity, lesions, reproductive failure. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Skidaway Inst Oceanog, Savannah, GA 31411 USA. Battelle Marine Sci Lab, Sequim, WA 98382 USA. RP Skidaway Inst Oceanog, 10 Ocean Sci Circle, Savannah, GA 31411 USA. EM dick@skio.peachnet.edu NR 140 TC 80 Z9 83 U1 2 U2 41 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0025-326X EI 1879-3363 J9 MAR POLLUT BULL JI Mar. Pollut. Bull. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 50 IS 7 BP 705 EP 723 DI 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2005.04.036 PG 19 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 947EO UT WOS:000230626400012 PM 15946701 ER PT J AU Chaudhuri, T Saha, N Saha, P AF Chaudhuri, T Saha, N Saha, P TI Deposition of PbS particles from a nonaqueous chemical bath at room temperature SO MATERIALS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE deposition; PbS; particles; semiconductor; CBD; nonaqueous; lead acetate; thiourea ID FILMS AB Chemical bath deposition (CBD) of PbS particles from a methanolic solution of lead acetate (PbAc) and thiourea (TU) at room temperature is described. X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies show the formation of polycrystalline PbS with particle size of about 20 rim. Scanning electron microscope reveals that the particles are 250 to 1200 rim spheres made of network of flakes. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Chaudhuri, T (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM Tapas_Chaudhuri@nrel.gov OI Saha, Petr/0000-0002-1873-4163 NR 10 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-577X J9 MATER LETT JI Mater. Lett. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 59 IS 17 BP 2191 EP 2193 DI 10.1016/j.matlet.2005.02.064 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 929XD UT WOS:000229379000022 ER PT J AU Hsu, JWP AF Hsu, Julia W. P. TI Soft lithography contacts to organics SO MATERIALS TODAY LA English DT Article AB Organic materials play an increasingly important role in (opto) electronics, particularly in low-cost or flexible devices. A major challenge is the contact between the electrodes and the organic material. Processes developed for inorganic semiconductors are inapplicable because of the sensitivity of organic materials to heat, radiation, and chemicals. Deposition of metal(s) through shadow masks onto organic materials is commonly used, despite problems with ill-controlled interfaces and material damage. In addition, conventional approaches restrict device size to >1 mu m. Clearly, a better technique is needed. In this article, two soft lithography methods for making contacts to organic materials are reviewed: nanotransfer printing (nTP) and soft-contact lamination (ScL). These new approaches produce devices that outperform those made by conventional methods. The link between better device performance and better interfacial control is explained, and nanoscale devices are described. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Hsu, JWP (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM jwhsu@sandia.gov FU US Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX This article is the result of stimulating collaborations with T.-W. Lee, Y.-L. Loo, D. V. Lang, J. Zaumseil, Z. Bao, and J. A. Rogers while at Bell Laboratories. I thank F. Leonard for careful reading of this manuscript. Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the US Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 79 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1369-7021 EI 1873-4103 J9 MATER TODAY JI Mater. Today PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 8 IS 7 BP 42 EP 54 DI 10.1016/S1369-7021(05)70986-X PG 13 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA V32DV UT WOS:000208932800027 ER PT J AU Olikhovsky, SJ Molodkin, VB Kyslovsky, YM Reshetnik, OV Vladimirova, TP Len, YG Ice, GE Barabash, RO Kehler, R Grigoriev, DO AF Olikhovsky, SJ Molodkin, VB Kyslovsky, YM Reshetnik, OV Vladimirova, TP Len, YG Ice, GE Barabash, RO Kehler, R Grigoriev, DO TI Interactions of radiation and particles with condensed matter - Role of bulk defects and deformations in near-surface layers of three monocrystals in formation of profiles of three-crystal x-ray diffractometry SO METALLOFIZIKA I NOVEISHIE TEKHNOLOGII LA Ukrainian DT Article ID TRIPLE-CRYSTAL DIFFRACTOMETER; ROCKING CURVE ANALYSIS; LARGE MICRODEFECTS II; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; BRAGG-DIFFRACTION; SILICON-CRYSTALS; DIFFUSE-SCATTERING; COPPER AB The general expression for the diffraction profile measured by the triple-crystal diffractometer (TCD) is obtained with account for the diffuse scattering from defects in both the studied crystal and the monochromator and analyzer crystals. The derived formula describes also the influence of the strain in subsurface layers,in the all three crystals of TCD. The analysis of TCD profiles measured from the silicon single crystal with microdefects is carried out. The characteristics of microdefects inside a monochromator and the parameters of strain profiles in subsurface layers of crystal under investigation, monochromator, and analyzer are determined. C1 Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, Kurdyumov Inst Metallophys, Kiev, Ukraine. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Gumboldt Univ, Berlin, Germany. RP Olikhovsky, SJ (reprint author), Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, Kurdyumov Inst Metallophys, Kiev, Ukraine. RI Len, Evgen/N-3032-2015 OI Len, Evgen/0000-0002-1554-2342 NR 35 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES UKRAINE, INST METAL PHYSICS PI KIEV 142 PA 36 ACADEMICIAN VERNADSKY BLVD, KIEV 142 UA-252180, UKRAINE SN 1024-1809 J9 METALLOFIZ NOV TEKH+ JI Metallofiz. Nov. Tekhnol.-Met. Phys. Adv. Techn. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 27 IS 7 BP 947 EP 968 PG 22 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics GA 001PF UT WOS:000234548100009 ER PT J AU Basanta, D Miodownik, MA Holm, EA Bentley, PJ AF Basanta, D Miodownik, MA Holm, EA Bentley, PJ TI Using genetic algorithms to evolve three-dimensional microstructures from two-dimensional micrographs SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Fall Symposium on Three Dimensional Materials Science CY 2003 CL Chicago, IL SP Minerals Metals & Mat Soc ID RECONSTRUCTING RANDOM-MEDIA; RAY-DIFFRACTION MICROSCOPE; 3 DIMENSIONS; MORPHOLOGY; EVOLUTION; GRAINS AB The article describes work to bring together the topics of evolutionary computing and stereology and asks the reader to judge whether such an approach can be genuinely useful or just represents a clever application of computer science. The problem we address is that of constructing three-dimensional (3-D) microstructures from two-dimensional (2-D) micrographs. Our solution is a computer program called MicroConstructor that evolves 3-D discrete computer microstructures, which are statistically equivalent to the 2-D inputs in terms of the microstructural variables of interest. The core of MicroConstructor is a genetic algorithm that evolves the 3-D microstructure so that its stereological parameters match the 2-D data. MicroConstructor uses a general method of pattern construction, the EmbryoCA, that does not require intervention from the user and is highly evolvable. This article presents initial results from successful experiments to evolve 3-D two-phase microstructures from 2-D input microstructures. The advantages and disadvantages of the method are discussed, and we conclude that the method, though delightfully elegant and full of potential, has yet to prove itself capable of constructing 3-D microstructures that would interest experimentalists and computer modelers. C1 Kings Coll London, Mech Engn Dept, London WC2R 2LS, England. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Kings Coll London, Mech Engn Dept, London WC2R 2LS, England. EM mark.miodownik@kcl.ac.uk RI Holm, Elizabeth/S-2612-2016; OI Holm, Elizabeth/0000-0003-3064-5769; Bentley, Peter/0000-0001-6744-9302 NR 46 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1073-5623 EI 1543-1940 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 36A IS 7 BP 1643 EP 1652 DI 10.1007/s11661-005-0026-2 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 938KE UT WOS:000229997800003 ER PT J AU Sencer, BH Maloy, SA Gray, GT AF Sencer, BH Maloy, SA Gray, GT TI The influence of explosive-driven shock prestraining at 35 GPa and of high deformation on the structure/property behavior of 316 L austenitic stainless SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; STRESS AMPLITUDE; PULSE DURATION; GRAIN-SIZE; STEEL; TEMPERATURE; PRESSURE; MICROSTRUCTURE; SUBSTRUCTURE; NICKEL AB The mechanical responses of high-explosive (HE)-driven "Taylor-Wave" shock prestrained, 20 pet quasistatically uniaxially compressed, and 32 pet cross-rolled 316 L austenitic stainless steel (SS) samples were investigated in compression and tension at room temperature. The results of the compression and tension tests were compared to the deformation results of the annealed microstructure at a strain rate of 10(-3) s(-1). The mechanical behavior of the 316 L SS following explosive shock prestraining exhibits a factor of 2 increase in yield stress over that observed for the annealed material. A significant reduction in ductility due to the Taylor-wave shock prestraining of the 316 L SS was also observed in tension. The microstructure and substructure evolution of the shock-prestrained 316 L SS samples were investigated using optical metallography and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Microstructural analyses revealed a high density of deformation twins following Taylor-wave shock prestraining and cross-rolling to 32 pet strain. These microstructures were compared to those of the 20 pet quasi-statically uniaxially prestrained 316 L SS. The current experimental results were found to agree with previous literature results on SS samples shock-prestrained utilizing "square-topped" and explosive Taylor-wave shock-pulse loading. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol MST 8, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol MST 8, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM sencer@lanl.gov RI Maloy, Stuart/A-8672-2009 OI Maloy, Stuart/0000-0001-8037-1319 NR 30 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1073-5623 EI 1543-1940 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 36A IS 7 BP 1825 EP 1831 DI 10.1007/s11661-005-0046-y PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 938KE UT WOS:000229997800023 ER PT J AU Zhang, ZH Kameda, J Sakurai, S Sato, M AF Zhang, ZH Kameda, J Sakurai, S Sato, M TI Through-thickness dependence of in-plane cracking behavior in plasma-sprayed thermal barrier coatings SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID RESIDUAL-STRESS; ZIRCONIA; MICROSTRUCTURE; SYSTEM; TBCS AB In-plane macrocrack initiation of as-deposited, thermally aged, and in-service used thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) with different levels of pores and microcracks, affecting the Young's modulus (E-c), have been studied using a newly developed protruded TBC bending technique in conjunction with a finite-element stress analysis. In-plane macrocracking along splat boundaries initiates from a curved edge of protruded TBC under the out-of-plane and shear applied and residual stresses resolved from the in-plane components. The TBC macrocracking is characterized by the critical strain energy density [(sigma(e)*)(2)/E-c], which represents the material propensity, i.e., the ratio of the interfacial cohesive energy to the critical microcrack size (gamma(f)/a(c),), and the residual stress effect. The cracking behavior strongly depends on the type of TBC, subjected to different thermal history, and the substrate machining. Ungrooved substrate specimen tests indicate that while the as-deposited TBC has through-thickness fluctuation in (sigma(e)*)(2)/E-c, the aged and used TBC exhibits a trough and peak of (sigma(e)*)(2)/E-c near the middle section, respectively. In grooved or thinner substrate specimens of the TBCs where the residual stress is partially relieved, cracking further away from the interface occurs at lower and constant (sigma(e)*)(2)/E-c representing gamma(f)/a(c). It is interpreted that the through-thickness variations of (sigma(e)*)(2)/E-c, in the ungrooved substrate specimen of the various TBCs are more largely affected by the out-of-plane compressive residual stress than gamma(f)/a(c). C1 Smith Int Inc, Houston, TX 77205 USA. Hitachi Ltd, Power Syst, Hitachi, Ibaraki 317, Japan. US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. US Off Naval Res Global Asia, Tokyo 106, Japan. Tohoku Elect Power Co, Hachinohe Power Plant, Hachinohe 031, Japan. RP Smith Int Inc, Houston, TX 77205 USA. EM kamedaj@seas.upenn.edu NR 37 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1073-5623 EI 1543-1940 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 36A IS 7 BP 1841 EP 1854 DI 10.1007/s11661-005-0048-9 PG 14 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 938KE UT WOS:000229997800025 ER PT J AU Lee, D Santella, ML Anderson, IM Pharr, GM AF Lee, D Santella, ML Anderson, IM Pharr, GM TI Long-Term Oxidation of an As-Cast Ni3Al Alloy at 900 degrees C and 1100 degrees C SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID DEGREES C; BEHAVIOR; NICKEL; ALUMINIDES; ADDITIONS; ZR AB The oxidation behavior of a cast nickel aluminide alloy, IC221M, was examined after long-term aging in air for up to 16,600 hours at 900 degrees C and 5000 hours at 1100 degrees C. The oxidation products were identified using X-ray diffraction and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy with multivariate statistical analysis. At 900 degrees C, NiO dominates the oxidation products initially, but at longer times, NiAl2O4 spinel and Al2O3 predominate and remain stable for times up to 16,600 hours. Cross-sectional observation confirmed that a continuous surface oxide that is mostly a mixture of Al2O3 and NiAl2O4 protects the base metal. In its initial stages, the oxidation process at 1100 degrees C is qualitatively similar to that at 900 degrees C but with faster kinetics. However, as aging proceeds, NiO spalls freely from the surface, and a protective continuous oxide scale does not form. The oxidation mechanism can be qualitatively understood by the selective oxidation mechanism maps developed by Giggins and Pettit. C1 Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. EM pharr@utk.edu RI Lee, Dongyun/D-2469-2012 NR 26 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1073-5623 EI 1543-1940 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 36A IS 7 BP 1855 EP 1869 DI 10.1007/s11661-005-0049-8 PG 15 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 938KE UT WOS:000229997800026 ER PT J AU Scholten, JCM Joye, SB Hollibaugh, JT Murrell, JC AF Scholten, JCM Joye, SB Hollibaugh, JT Murrell, JC TI Molecular analysis of the sulfate reducing and archaeal community in a meromictic soda lake (Mono Lake, California) by targeting 16S rRNA, mcrA, apsA, and dsrAB genes SO MICROBIAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ANAEROBIC METHANE OXIDATION; MULTIPLE LATERAL TRANSFERS; FLOODED RICE MICROCOSMS; MARINE-SEDIMENTS; MICROBIAL DIVERSITY; SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; REDUCTASE GENES; BULK SOIL; SP-NOV; MEROMIXIS AB Sulfate reduction is the most important process involved in the mineralization of carbon in the anoxic bottom waters of Mono Lake, an alkaline, hypersaline, meromictic Lake in California. Another important biogeochemical process in Mono Lake is thought to be sulfate-dependent methane oxidation (SDMO). However little is known about what types of organisms are involved in these processes in Mono Lake. Therefore, the sulfate-reducing and archaeal microbial community in Mono Lake was analyzed by targeting 16S rRNA, methyl-coenzyme M reductase (mcrA), adenosine-5'-phosphosulfate (apsA), and dissimilatory sulfite reductase (dsrAB) genes to investigate the sulfate-reducing and archaeal community with depth. Most of the 16S rRNA gene sequences retrieved from the samples fell into the delta-subdivision of the Proteobacteria. Phylogenetic analyses suggested that the clones obtained represented sulfate-reducing bacteria, which are probably involved in the mineralization of carbon in Mono Lake, many of them belonging to a novel line of descent in the delta-Proteobacteria. Only 6% of the sequences retrieved from the samples affiliated to the domain Euryarchaeota but did not represent Archaea, which is considered to be responsible for SDMO [Orphan et al. 2001: Appl Environ Microbiol 67:1922-1934; Teske et al.: Appl Environ Microbiol 68:1994-2007]. On the basis of our results and thermodynamic arguments, we proposed that SDMO in hypersaline environments is presumably carried out by SRB alone. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplifications of the mcrA-, apsA-, and dsrAB genes in Mono Lake samples were, in most cases, not successful. Only the PCR amplification of the apsA gene was partially successful. The amplification of these functional genes was not successful because there was either insufficient "target" DNA in the samples, or the microorganisms in Mono Lake have divergent functional genes. C1 Univ Warwick, Dept Biol Sci, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. Univ Georgia, Dept Marine Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Murrell, JC (reprint author), Univ Warwick, Dept Biol Sci, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. EM J.C.Murrell@warwick.ac.uk RI Murrell, John/B-1443-2012; OI Joye, Samantha/0000-0003-1610-451X NR 43 TC 54 Z9 58 U1 2 U2 20 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0095-3628 J9 MICROB ECOL JI Microb. Ecol. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 50 IS 1 BP 29 EP 39 DI 10.1007/s00248-004-0085-8 PG 11 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Microbiology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Microbiology GA 969WU UT WOS:000232267300004 PM 16132423 ER PT J AU Zhang, WW Shi, L AF Zhang, WW Shi, L TI Distribution and evolution of multiple-step phosphorelay in prokaryotes: lateral domain recruitment involved in the formation of hybrid-type histidine kinases SO MICROBIOLOGY-SGM LA English DT Article ID 2-COMPONENT SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; SULFATE-REDUCING BACTERIUM; HIS-ASP PHOSPHORELAY; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; MULTISTEP PHOSPHORELAY; PROTEIN-PHOSPHORYLATION; RESPONSE REGULATORS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; HPT DOMAIN; SYSTEMS AB Although most two-component signal transduction systems use a simple phosphotransfer pathway from one histidine kinase (HK) to one response regulator (RR), a multiple-step phosphorelay involving a phosphotransfer scheme of His-Asp-His-Asp was also discovered. Central to this multiple-step-type signal transduction pathway are a hybrid-type HK, containing both an HK domain and an RR receiver domain in a single protein, and a histidine-containing phosphotransfer (HPT) that can exist either as a domain in hybrid-type HKs or as a separate protein. Although multiple-step phosphorelay systems are predominant in eukaryotes, it has been previously suggested that they are less common in prokaryotes. In this study, it was found that putative hybrid-type HKs were present in 56 of 156 complete prolkaryotic genomes, indicating that multiple-step phosphorelay systems are more common in prokaryotes than previously appreciated. Large expansions of hybrid-type HKs were observed in 26 prokaryotic species, including photosynthetic cyanobacteria such as Nostoc sp. PCC 7120, and several pathogenic bacteria such as Coxiella burnetii. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that there was no common ancestor for hybrid-type HKs, and their origin and expansion was achieved by lateral recruitment of a receiver domain into an HK molecule and then duplication as one unit. Lateral recruitment of additional sensory domains such as PAS was also evident. HPT domains or proteins were identified in 32 of the genomes with hybrid-type HKs; however, no significant gene expansion was observed for HPTs even in a genome with a large number of hybrid-type HKs. In addition, fewer HPTs than hybrid-type HKs were identified in all prolkaryotic genomes. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Dept Microbiol, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Zhang, WW (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Dept Microbiol, 902 Battelle Blvd,POB 999,Mail Stop P7-50, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM Weiwen.Zhang@pnl.gov NR 46 TC 52 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 7 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 1350-0872 J9 MICROBIOL-SGM JI Microbiology-(UK) PD JUL PY 2005 VL 151 BP 2159 EP 2173 DI 10.1099/mic.0.27987-0 PN 7 PG 15 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 949OT UT WOS:000230798700007 PM 16000707 ER PT J AU Wu, G Culley, DE Zhang, WW AF Wu, G Culley, DE Zhang, WW TI Predicted highly expressed genes in the genomes of Streptomyces coelicolor and Streptomyces avermitilis and the implications for their metabolism SO MICROBIOLOGY-SGM LA English DT Article ID SYNONYMOUS CODON CHOICE; ENCODING METHYLMALONYL-COENZYME; ESCHERICHIA-COLI K-12; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; BACILLUS-SUBTILIS; ADAPTATION INDEX; USAGE BIAS; MONENSIN BIOSYNTHESIS; RESPECTIVE CODONS; PROTEIN GENES AB Highly expressed genes in bacteria often have a stronger codon bias than genes expressed at lower levels, due to translational selection. In this study, a comparative analysis of predicted highly expressed (PHX) genes in the Streptomyces coelicolor and Streptomyces avermitilis genomes was performed using the codon adaptation index (CAI) as a numerical estimator of gene expression level. Although it has been suggested that there is little heterogeneity in codon usage in G + C-rich bacteria, considerable heterogeneity was found among genes in these two G + C-rich Streptomyces genomes. Using ribosomal protein genes as references, similar to 10% of the genes were predicted to be PHX genes using a CAI cutoff value of greater than 0(.)78 and 0(.)75 in S. coelicolor and S. avermitilis, respectively. The PHX genes showed good agreement with the experimental data on expression levels obtained from proteomic analysis by previous workers. Among 724 and 730 PHX genes identified from S. coelicolor and S. avermitilis, 368 are orthologue genes present in both genomes, which were mostly 'housekeeping' genes involved in cell growth. In addition, 61 orthologous gene pairs with unknown functions were identified as PHX. Only one polyketide synthase gene from each Streptomyces genome was predicted as PHX. Nevertheless, several key genes responsible for producing precursors for secondary metabolites, such as crotonyl-CoA reductase and propionyl-CoA carboxylase, and genes necessary for initiation of secondary metabolism, such as adenosylmethionine synthetase, were among the PHX genes in the two Streptomyces species. The PHX genes exclusive to each genome, and what they imply regarding cellular metabolism, are also discussed. C1 Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Biol Sci, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Dept Microbiol, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Zhang, WW (reprint author), Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Biol Sci, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. EM Weiwen.Zhang@pnl.gov NR 56 TC 67 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 2 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 1350-0872 J9 MICROBIOL-SGM JI Microbiology-(UK) PD JUL PY 2005 VL 151 BP 2175 EP 2187 DI 10.1099/mic.0.27833-0 PN 7 PG 13 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 949OT UT WOS:000230798700008 PM 16000708 ER PT J AU Ksiezak-Reding, H Wall, JS AF Ksiezak-Reding, H Wall, JS TI Characterization of paired helical filaments by scanning transmission electron microscopy SO MICROSCOPY RESEARCH AND TECHNIQUE LA English DT Article DE Alzheimer's disease; neurofibrillary tangles; tauopathies; synthetic filaments; tau ID ALZHEIMER-LIKE FILAMENTS; ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; INCLUSION-BODY MYOSITIS; ASSEMBLED TAU FILAMENTS; URE2P PRION FILAMENTS; CROSS-BETA-STRUCTURE; FULL-LENGTH TAU; PROTEIN-TAU; IN-VITRO; CORTICOBASAL DEGENERATION AB Paired helical filaments (PHFs) are abnormal twisted filaments composed of hyperphosphorylated tau protein. They are found in Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative disorders designated as tauopathies. They are a major component of intracellular inclusions known as neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). The objective of this review is to summarize various structural studies of PHFs in which using scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) has been particularly informative. STEM provides shape and mass per unit length measurements important for studying ultrastructural aspects of filaments. These include quantitative comparisons between dispersed and aggregated populations of PHFs as well as comparative studies of PHFs in Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative disorders. Other approaches are also discussed if relevant or complementary to studies using STEM, e.g., application of a novel staining reagent, Nanovan. Our understanding of the PHF structure and the development of PHFs into NFTs is presented from a historical perspective. Others goals are to describe the biochemical and ultrastructural complexity of authentic PHFs, to assess similarities between authentic and synthetic PHFs, and to discuss recent advances in PHF modeling. C1 Mt Sinai Sch Med, Neuroinflammat Res Labs, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY 10029 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Ksiezak-Reding, H (reprint author), Mt Sinai Sch Med, Neuroinflammat Res Labs, Dept Psychiat, Box 1230,1 Gustave L Levy Pl, New York, NY 10029 USA. EM Hanna.Reding@mssm.edu NR 92 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 1059-910X J9 MICROSC RES TECHNIQ JI Microsc. Res. Tech. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 67 IS 3-4 BP 126 EP 140 DI 10.1002/jemt.20188 PG 15 WC Anatomy & Morphology; Biology; Microscopy SC Anatomy & Morphology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Microscopy GA 960SI UT WOS:000231613100004 PM 16104001 ER PT J AU Barton, NR Benson, DJ Becker, R AF Barton, NR Benson, DJ Becker, R TI Crystal level continuum modelling of phase transformations: the alpha <->epsilon transformation in iron SO MODELLING AND SIMULATION IN MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID HETEROGENEOUS MARTENSITIC NUCLEATION; SHAPE-MEMORY MATERIALS; POLYCRYSTAL PLASTICITY; HIGH-PRESSURE; FIELD MODEL; SHOCK-WAVE; TRANSITION; KINETICS; STRAIN; ALLOY AB We present a crystal level model for thermo-mechanical deformation with phase transformation capabilities. The model is formulated to allow for large pressures (on the order of the elastic moduli) and makes use of a multiplicative decomposition of the deformation gradient. Elastic and thermal lattice distortions are combined into a single lattice stretch to allow the model to be used in conjunction with general equation of state relationships. Phase transformations change the mass fractions of the material constituents. The driving force for phase transformations includes terms arising from mechanical work, the temperature dependent chemical free energy change on transformation, and the interaction energy among the constituents. Deformation results from both these phase transformations and elastoviscoplastic deformation of the constituents themselves. Simulation results are given for the alpha to epsilon phase transformation in iron. Results include simulations of shock-induced transformation in single crystals and of compression of polycrystals. Results are compared with available experimental data. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Barton, NR (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 5508, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM barton22@llnl.gov RI Becker, Richard/I-1196-2013 NR 58 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0965-0393 J9 MODEL SIMUL MATER SC JI Model. Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 13 IS 5 BP 707 EP 731 DI 10.1088/0965-0393/13/5/006 PG 25 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 952KD UT WOS:000231001500007 ER PT J AU Li, SY Engler, O Van Houtte, P AF Li, SY Engler, O Van Houtte, P TI Plastic anisotropy and texture evolution during tensile testing of extruded aluminium profiles SO MODELLING AND SIMULATION IN MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID POLYCRYSTALS; STRAIN AB This paper reports an investigation on the evolution of texture and plastic anisotropy during uniaxial tensile testing of extruded profiles produced from two variants of an AlZnMg alloy: one contains Zr and shows a non-recrystallized structure; the other is Zr-free and shows a recrystallized structure. Tensile tests were carried out at 0 degrees, 45 degrees and 90 degrees from the extrusion direction and from which, experimental r-values were derived from quadratic polynomial functions fitting to the width and thickness strains in the tensile tested samples. The r-values and Taylor factors for the initial and tensile tested samples were simulated from the measured textures using the full constraints and relaxed constraints Taylor models. The results show remarkable differences in textures and anisotropy in the two profiles. Although the initial textures of the profiles are much sharper, the texture development in the tensile tests follows similar tendencies commonly observed in sheet metals. In general, the r-values predicted from the textures depict the same tendencies of variation with tensile strain as those for the experimental r-values, suggesting that the variation of plastic anisotropy is mainly caused by the texture evolution. The Taylor factors were used to simulate the in-plane anisotropy in yield strength and subsequent work hardening. For the latter, a better agreement with the experimental data was obtained when the texture changes due to tensile deformation was taken into consideration. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Hydro Aluminium Deutschland GmbH, Ctr Res & Dev, D-53014 Bonn, Germany. Katholieke Univ Leuven, Dept Met & Mat Engn, B-3001 Louvain, Belgium. RP Li, SY (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM Saiyi@lanl.gov RI Li, Saiyi/J-3968-2012 NR 17 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0965-0393 J9 MODEL SIMUL MATER SC JI Model. Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 13 IS 5 BP 783 EP 795 DI 10.1088/0965-0393/13/5/011 PG 13 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 952KD UT WOS:000231001500012 ER PT J AU Agron, PG Reed, SL Engel, JN AF Agron, PG Reed, SL Engel, JN TI An essential, putative MEK kinase of Leishmania major SO MOLECULAR AND BIOCHEMICAL PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Leishmania; MEKK; protein kinase; gene disruption ID PROTEIN-KINASE; GENE REPLACEMENT; YEAST C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biol & Biotechnol Res Program, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Pathol & Med, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. RP Engel, JN (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. EM jengel@medicine.ucsf.edu NR 16 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-6851 J9 MOL BIOCHEM PARASIT JI Mol. Biochem. Parasitol. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 142 IS 1 BP 121 EP 125 DI 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2005.03.007 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Parasitology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Parasitology GA 934TU UT WOS:000229732300014 PM 15878208 ER PT J AU Macey, JR Fong, JJ Kuehl, JV Shafiei, S Ananjeva, NB Papenfuss, TJ Boore, JL AF Macey, JR Fong, JJ Kuehl, JV Shafiei, S Ananjeva, NB Papenfuss, TJ Boore, JL TI The complete mitochondrial genome of a gecko and the phylogenetic position of the Middle Eastern Teratoscincus keyserlingii SO MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article ID TRANSFER-RNA GENES; MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS; SPECIES GROUP; TIEN-SHAN; HISTORICAL BIOGEOGRAPHY; STRUCTURAL FEATURES; TANDEM DUPLICATION; CONFIDENCE-LIMITS; AREA CLADOGRAM; DNA SEQUENCES C1 DOE Joint Genom Inst, Dept Evolutionary Genom, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Museum Vertebrate Zool, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Shahid Bahonar Univ, Dept Biol, Kerman, Iran. Russian Acad Sci, Inst Zool, St Petersburg 199034, Russia. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Integrat Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Macey, JR (reprint author), DOE Joint Genom Inst, Dept Evolutionary Genom, 2800 Mitchell Dr, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA. EM jrmacey@lbl.gov OI FONG, Jonathan/0000-0002-3648-6730 NR 47 TC 19 Z9 22 U1 3 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1055-7903 J9 MOL PHYLOGENET EVOL JI Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 36 IS 1 BP 188 EP 193 DI 10.1016/j.ympev.2005.03.025 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 932RO UT WOS:000229571300013 PM 15904865 ER PT J AU Hueckstaedt, RM Peterson, AH Hunter, JH AF Hueckstaedt, R. M. Peterson, A. H. Hunter, J. H., Jr. TI Parameter space studies for the self-gravity interfacial instability SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE hydrodynamics; instabilities; ISM: evolution AB Hydrodynamic instabilities play an important role in determining the morphology and evolution of astronomical entities. Any interface of discontinuous density is subject to instabilities, including Rayleigh-Taylor, Kelvin-Helmholtz, and a recently discovered instability driven by self-gravity. In an ongoing computational study, we seek to validate the linear theory developed for the self-gravity-driven interfacial instability and examine its non-linear behaviour. Here, we present the results from hydrodynamic simulations designed to expand the parameter space and investigate the effects of perturbation strength, Atwood number and compressibility. C1 [Hueckstaedt, R. M.; Peterson, A. H.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Appl Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Hunter, J. H., Jr.] Univ Florida, Dept Astron, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Hueckstaedt, RM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Appl Phys, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM rmhx@lanl.gov FU US Department of Energy [W-7405-Eng-36] FX The authors thank B. A. Kashiwa and N. T. Padial for help in modifying CFDLIB for astrophysical use. Los Alamos National Laboratory is operated by the University of California for the US Department of Energy under contract No. W-7405-Eng-36. NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0035-8711 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 361 IS 1 BP L35 EP L37 DI 10.1111/j.1745-3933.2005.00060.x PG 3 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA V16YY UT WOS:000207906100008 ER PT J AU Richards, GT Croom, SM Anderson, SF Bland-Hawthorn, J Boyle, BJ De Propris, R Drinkwater, MJ Fan, XH Gunn, JE Ivezic, Z Jester, S Loveday, J Meiksin, A Miller, L Myers, A Nichol, RC Outram, PJ Pimbblet, KA Roseboom, IG Ross, N Schneider, DP Shanks, T Sharp, RG Stoughton, C Strauss, MA Szalay, AS Vanden Berk, DE York, DG AF Richards, GT Croom, SM Anderson, SF Bland-Hawthorn, J Boyle, BJ De Propris, R Drinkwater, MJ Fan, XH Gunn, JE Ivezic, Z Jester, S Loveday, J Meiksin, A Miller, L Myers, A Nichol, RC Outram, PJ Pimbblet, KA Roseboom, IG Ross, N Schneider, DP Shanks, T Sharp, RG Stoughton, C Strauss, MA Szalay, AS Vanden Berk, DE York, DG TI The 2dF-SDSS LRG and QSO (2SLAQ) survey: the z < 2.1 quasar luminosity function from 5645 quasars to g=21.85 SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE surveys; galaxies : active; quasars : general; galaxies : Seyfert; cosmology : observations ID DIGITAL-SKY-SURVEY; HIGH-REDSHIFT QUASARS; SURVEY PHOTOMETRIC SYSTEM; OPTICALLY SELECTED QSOS; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; EARLY DATA RELEASE; 1ST DATA RELEASE; STELLAR OBJECTS; SPECTROSCOPIC SURVEY; EVOLUTION AB We have used the Two-Degree Field (2dF) instrument on the Anglo-Australian Telescope (AAT) to obtain redshifts of a sample of z < 3 and 18.0 < g < 21.85 quasars selected from Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) imaging. These data are part of a larger joint programme between the SDSS and 2dF communities to obtain spectra of faint quasars and luminous red galaxies, namely the 2dF-SDSS LRG and QSO (2SLAQ) Survey. We describe the quasar selection algorithm and present the resulting number counts and luminosity function of 5645 quasars in 105.7 deg(2). The bright-end number counts and luminosity functions agree well with determinations from the 2dF QSO Redshift Survey (2QZ) data to g similar to 20.2. However, at the faint end, the 2SLAQ number counts and luminosity functions are steeper (i.e. require more faint quasars) than the final 2QZ results from Croom et al., but are consistent with the preliminary 2QZ results from Boyle et al. Using the functional form adopted for the 2QZ analysis ( a double power law with pure luminosity evolution characterized by a second-order polynomial in redshift), we find a faint-end slope of beta =-1.78 +/- 0.03 if we allow all of the parameters to vary, and beta =-1.45 +/- 0.03 if we allow only the faint-end slope and normalization to vary (holding all other parameters equal to the final 2QZ values). Over the magnitude range covered by the 2SLAQ survey, our maximum-likelihood fit to the data yields 32 per cent more quasars than the final 2QZ parametrization, but is not inconsistent with other g > 21 deep surveys for quasars. The 2SLAQ data exhibit no well-defined 'break' in the number counts or luminosity function, but do clearly flatten with increasing magnitude. Finally, we find that the shape of the quasar luminosity function derived from 2SLAQ is in good agreement with that derived from Type I quasars found in hard X-ray surveys. C1 Princeton Univ Observ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Anglo Australian Observ, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia. Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Australia Telescope Natl Facil, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia. Univ Bristol, HH Wills Phys Lab, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. Univ Queensland, Dept Phys, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Sussex, Ctr Astron, Brighton BN1 9QJ, E Sussex, England. Univ Edinburgh, Royal Observ, Astron Inst, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland. Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. Univ Illinois, Dept Astron, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Univ Portsmouth, Inst Cosm & Gravitat, Portsmouth PO1 2EG, Hants, England. Univ Durham, Dept Phys, Durham DH1 3LE, England. Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Richards, GT (reprint author), Princeton Univ Observ, Peyton Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. EM gtr@astro.princeton.edu RI Drinkwater, Michael/A-2201-2008; OI Drinkwater, Michael/0000-0003-4867-0022; Meiksin, Avery/0000-0002-5451-9057 NR 71 TC 153 Z9 155 U1 1 U2 3 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD JUL 1 PY 2005 VL 360 IS 3 BP 839 EP 852 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2005.09096.x PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 935KY UT WOS:000229782400004 ER PT J AU Chin, HNS Leach, MJ Sugiyama, GA Leone, JM Walker, H Nasstrom, JS Brown, MJ AF Chin, HNS Leach, MJ Sugiyama, GA Leone, JM Walker, H Nasstrom, JS Brown, MJ TI Evaluation of an urban canopy parameterization in a mesoscale model using VTMX and URBAN 2000 data SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID BOUNDARY-LAYER; HEAT-ISLAND; WIND; SENSITIVITY; FIELD; CITY AB A modified urban canopy parameterization (UCP) is developed and evaluated in a three-dimensional mesoscale model to assess the urban impact on surface and lower-atmospheric properties. This parameterization accounts for the effects of building drag, turbulent production, radiation balance, anthropogenic heating, and building rooftop heating/cooling. U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) land-use data are also utilized to derive urban infrastructure and urban surface properties needed for driving the UCP. An intensive observational period with clear sky, strong ambient wind, and drainage flow, and the absence of a land-lake breeze over the Salt Lake Valley, occurring on 25-26 October 2000, is selected for this study. A series of sensitivity experiments are performed to gain understanding of the urban impact in the mesoscale model. Results indicate that within the selected urban environment, urban surface characteristics and anthropogenic heating play little role in the formation of the modeled nocturnal urban boundary layer. The rooftop effect appears to be the main contributor to this urban boundary layer. Sensitivity experiments also show that for this weak urban heat island case, the model horizontal grid resolution is important in simulating the elevated inversion layer. The root-mean-square errors of the predicted wind and temperature with respect to surface station measurements exhibit substantially larger discrepancies at the urban locations than their rural counterparts. However, the close agreement of modeled tracer concentration with observations fairly justifies the modeled urban impact on the wind-direction shift and wind-drag effects. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Labs, Atmospher Sci Div, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Chin, HNS (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Labs, Atmospher Sci Div, POB 808,L-103, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM chin2@llnl.gov OI Brown, Michael J./0000-0002-8069-0835 NR 31 TC 23 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0027-0644 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 133 IS 7 BP 2043 EP 2068 DI 10.1175/MWR2962.1 PG 26 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 949KR UT WOS:000230785700015 ER PT J AU Dresselhaus, MS Crabtree, GW Buchanan, MV AF Dresselhaus, MS Crabtree, GW Buchanan, MV TI Addressing grand energy challenges through advanced materials SO MRS BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE advanced materials; catalysis; energy; fuel cells; hydrogen; nanoscience AB The following article is based on the plenary presentation given by Mildred S. Dresselhaus of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology on November 29, 2004, at the Materials Research Society Fall Meeting in Boston. Advanced materials offer new promise for addressing some of the grand societal challenges of our future, including that of global energy. This article will review opportunities that have opened up at the nanoscale, with materials of reduced dimensionality and enhanced surface-to-volume ratio. Some examples of research accomplishments and opportunities at the nanoscale will be described, with special attention given to the potential for advanced materials and nanoscience to have an impact on the grand challenges related to a sustainable energy supply for the 21st century and beyond. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Dresselhaus, MS (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM millie@mgm.mit.edu; crabtree@anl.gov; buchananmv@ornl.gov NR 14 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 8 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0883-7694 J9 MRS BULL JI MRS Bull. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 30 IS 7 BP 518 EP 524 DI 10.1557/mrs2005.144 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 949OC UT WOS:000230797000016 ER PT J AU Gohda, Y Pantelides, ST AF Gohda, Y Pantelides, ST TI Charging of molecules during transport SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CONDUCTANCE; RESISTANCE; JUNCTION; DEVICE AB The possibility that a single molecule can acquire charge during steady-state transport is an open issue. We report first-principles calculations in a range of configurations of certain molecules and conclude the following. When a molecule is strongly coupled to the electrodes, charging is not sustainable. On the other hand, by using variable-length tunnel barriers (insulating tethers) one can enable and control charging. In particular, by using different combinations of "tethers", we demonstrate the possibility of charging by a single electron, sustainable over a wide bias range, and also the possibility of continuous linear charging when a gate voltage is applied. C1 Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37861 USA. RP Gohda, Y (reprint author), Univ Ulm, Abt Theoret Chem, D-89069 Ulm, Germany. EM yoshihiro.gohda@uni-ulm.de NR 26 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 5 IS 7 BP 1217 EP 1220 DI 10.1021/nl0507313 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 946KP UT WOS:000230571300005 PM 16178213 ER PT J AU Greene, LE Law, M Tan, DH Montano, M Goldberger, J Somorjai, G Yang, PD AF Greene, LE Law, M Tan, DH Montano, M Goldberger, J Somorjai, G Yang, PD TI General route to vertical ZnO nanowire arrays using textured ZnO seeds SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SOLAR-CELLS; PHOTOVOLTAIC DEVICES; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; CONJUGATED POLYMERS; NANOROD ARRAYS; GROWTH; SURFACES; NANOPARTICLES; DEPOSITION; STABILITY AB A method for growing vertical ZnO nanowire arrays on arbitrary substrates using either gas-phase or solution-phase approaches is presented. A similar to 10 nm-thick layer of textured ZnO nanocrystals with their c axes normal to the substrate is formed by the decomposition of zinc acetate at 200-350 degrees C to provide nucleation sites for vertical nanowire growth. The nanorod arrays made in solution have a rod diameter, length, density, and orientation desirable for use in ordered nanorod-polymer solar cells. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Yang, PD (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM p-yang@berkeley.edu RI Goldberger, Joshua/F-5484-2011; Tan, Dawud/A-7053-2013; Goldberger, Joshua/N-8963-2016 OI Goldberger, Joshua/0000-0003-4284-604X; Goldberger, Joshua/0000-0003-4284-604X NR 43 TC 1030 Z9 1056 U1 60 U2 729 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 5 IS 7 BP 1231 EP 1236 DI 10.1021/nl050788p PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 946KP UT WOS:000230571300008 PM 16178216 ER PT J AU Xiong, YJ Chen, JY Wiley, B Xia, YN Yin, YD Li, ZY AF Xiong, YJ Chen, JY Wiley, B Xia, YN Yin, YD Li, ZY TI Size-dependence of surface plasmon resonance and oxidation for pd nanocubes synthesized via a seed etching process SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ENHANCED RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; MONODISPERSE PALLADIUM NANOPARTICLES; SHAPE-CONTROLLED SYNTHESIS; SELF-LIMITING OXIDATION; COUPLING REACTIONS; GOLD NANOCRYSTALS; PLATINUM NANOPARTICLES; SILVER NANOPARTICLES; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; POLYOL SYNTHESIS AB Pd nanocubes between 8 and 50 nm in size were synthesized at the same concentration of Na(2)PdCl(4) precursor by controlling the number of seeds formed in the nucleation stage. Increasing the concentration of FeCl(3), an oxidative etchant for Pd, reduced the number of seeds and led to formation of larger Pd nanocubes. The larger nanocubes exhibited surface plasmon resonance peaks in the visible region, the locations of which matched with the results of the discrete dipole approximation calculation. While the nanocubes of 25 and 50 nm in size oxidized in air to form Pd@PdO core-shell structures, the 8-nm nanocubes were stable in air for over 90 days. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Chem, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Chem Engn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Lab Opt Phys, Beijing 100080, Peoples R China. RP Xia, YN (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Chem, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM xia@chem.washington.edu RI Wiley, Benjamin/A-7003-2008; Yin, Yadong/D-5987-2011; Xiong, Yujie/G-3203-2010; Xia, Younan/E-8499-2011; Chen, Jingyi/E-7168-2010 OI Yin, Yadong/0000-0003-0218-3042; Chen, Jingyi/0000-0003-0012-9640 NR 65 TC 248 Z9 257 U1 17 U2 162 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 5 IS 7 BP 1237 EP 1242 DI 10.1021/nl0508826 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 946KP UT WOS:000230571300009 PM 16178217 ER PT J AU Barnard, AS Curtiss, LA AF Barnard, AS Curtiss, LA TI Prediction of TiO2 nanoparticle phase and shape transitions controlled by surface chemistry SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GEL-SOL METHOD; ANATASE-TO-RUTILE; TITANIUM-DIOXIDE; PARTICLE-SIZE; NANOCRYSTALLINE TITANIA; RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; CHARGE SEPARATION; TRANSFORMATION; STABILITY; ADSORPTION AB The effects of surface chemistry on the morphology and phase stability of titanium dioxide nanoparticles have been investigated using a thermodynamic model based on surface free energies and surface tensions obtained from first principles calculations. It has been found that surfaces representing acidic and alkaline conditions have a significant influence on both the shape of the nanocrystals and the anatase-torutile transition size. The latter introduces the possibility of inducing phase transitions by changing the surface chemistry. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Barnard, AS (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM amanda.barnard@anl.gov RI Barnard, Amanda/A-7340-2011 OI Barnard, Amanda/0000-0002-4784-2382 NR 53 TC 408 Z9 420 U1 21 U2 306 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 5 IS 7 BP 1261 EP 1266 DI 10.1021/nl050355m PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 946KP UT WOS:000230571300013 PM 16178221 ER PT J AU Welch, PM AF Welch, PM TI A tunable dendritic molecular actuator SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID STARBURST DENDRIMERS; HYBRID COPOLYMERS; POLYMER ACTUATORS; LINEAR-POLYMERS; RHEOLOGY; BLENDS AB I present an electroresponsive molecular actuator based upon a diblock copolymer of a positively charged dendrimer and a negatively charged linear chain. Brownian dynamics simulations demonstrate the hybrid polyampholyte's ability to apply a force or assume an equilibrium molecular strain tunable with an applied electric field. The free energy as a function of molecular strain at differing electric field strengths, as obtained via the Jarzynski identity, suggests a phase transition in the hybrid. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Welch, PM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM PWelch@lanl.gov NR 26 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 14 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 5 IS 7 BP 1279 EP 1283 DI 10.1021/nl050422c PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 946KP UT WOS:000230571300016 PM 16178224 ER PT J AU Song, D Hrbek, J Osgood, R AF Song, D Hrbek, J Osgood, R TI Formation of TiO2 nanoparticles by reactive-layer-assisted deposition and characterization by XPS and STM SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID VAPOR-DEPOSITION; FILMS; CHEMISTRY; SURFACES; AU(111); GROWTH AB Stoichiometric TiO2 nanoparticles (1-5 nm) were prepared by reactive-layer-assisted deposition (RLAD), in which Ti was initially deposited on a multilayer of H2O (or NO2) on a Au(111) substrate at similar to 90 K. The composition and atom-resolved structure of the nanoparticles were studied by XPS and STM. The similar to 5 nm TiO2 particles had either a rutile or anatase phase with various crystal facets. STS of the nanoparticles suggests size-dependent electronic structure. These well-defined nanoparticles can be used in molecular-level studies of the reactions and mechanisms of photocatalytic processes on TiO2 nanoparticle surfaces. C1 Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Appl Math, New York, NY 10027 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Osgood, R (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Appl Math, New York, NY 10027 USA. EM osgood@columbia.edu RI Hrbek, Jan/I-1020-2013 NR 26 TC 66 Z9 66 U1 3 U2 47 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 5 IS 7 BP 1327 EP 1332 DI 10.1021/nl0505703 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 946KP UT WOS:000230571300024 ER PT J AU Liu, SR Pu, QS Gao, L Korzeniewski, C Matzke, C AF Liu, SR Pu, QS Gao, L Korzeniewski, C Matzke, C TI From nanochannel-induced proton conduction enhancement to a nanochannel-based fuel cell SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PORES AB The apparent proton conductivity inside a nanochannel can be enhanced by orders of magnitude due to the electric double layer overlap. A nanochannel filled with an acidic solution is thus a micro super proton conductor, and an array of such nanochannels forms an excellent proton conductive membrane. Taking advantage of this effect, a new class of proton exchange membrane is developed for micro fuel cell applications. C1 Texas Tech Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Liu, SR (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. EM Shaorong.liu@ttu.edu NR 22 TC 76 Z9 77 U1 1 U2 24 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 5 IS 7 BP 1389 EP 1393 DI 10.1021/nl050712t PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 946KP UT WOS:000230571300036 PM 16178244 ER PT J AU Yin, LL Vlasko-Vlasov, VK Pearson, J Hiller, JM Hua, J Welp, U Brown, DE Kimball, CW AF Yin, LL Vlasko-Vlasov, VK Pearson, J Hiller, JM Hua, J Welp, U Brown, DE Kimball, CW TI Subwavelength focusing and guiding of surface plasmons SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LOSSY METAL-FILMS; FINITE-WIDTH; WAVE-GUIDE; THIN; PROPAGATION; SCATTERING; NANOHOLES; RESONANCE; LIGHT; POLARITONS AB The constructive interference of surface plasmon polaritons (SPP) launched by nanometric holes allows us to focus SPP into a spot of high near-field intensity having subwavelength width. Near-field scanning optical microscopy is used to map the local SPP intensity. The resulting SPP patterns and their polarization dependence are accurately described in model calculations based on a dipolar model for the SPP emission at each hole. Furthermore, we show that the high SPP intensity in the focal spot can be launched and propagated on a Ag strip guide with a 250 x 50 mm(2) cross section, thus overcoming the diffraction limit of conventional optics. The combination of focusing arrays and nanowaveguides may serve as a basic element in planar nano-photonic circuits. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. RP Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM welp@anl.gov RI Mote, Rakesh/A-9534-2009; Hiller, Jon/A-2513-2009 OI Hiller, Jon/0000-0001-7207-8008 NR 35 TC 325 Z9 331 U1 6 U2 122 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 EI 1530-6992 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 5 IS 7 BP 1399 EP 1402 DI 10.1021/nl050723m PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 946KP UT WOS:000230571300038 PM 16178246 ER PT J AU Qureshi, N Wang, SQ Lowther, MA Hawkins, AR Kwon, S Liddle, A Bokor, J Schmidt, H AF Qureshi, N Wang, SQ Lowther, MA Hawkins, AR Kwon, S Liddle, A Bokor, J Schmidt, H TI Cavity-enhanced magnetooptical observation of magnetization reversal in individual single-domain nanomagnets SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-BEAM; FIBER TIPS; MICROSCOPY; NANOSTRUCTURES; NANOPARTICLES; ANISOTROPY; ROTATION AB Optical studies of nanoscale magnets promise access to ultrafast magnetization dynamics but are challenging because of limited spatial resolution. We demonstrate that cavity enhancement of the magnetooptical Kerr effect increases the sensitivity in nanomagnetooptics significantly. Magnetization switching in individual single-domain magnets in both far-field and near-field Kerr microscopy is observed, and scaling laws are determined. Near-field signals remain nearly constant with reduced magnet diameter, indicating favorable scaling of near-field magnetooptics into the deep nanometer range. C1 Brigham Young Univ, ECEn Dept, Provo, UT 84602 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Schmidt, H (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Sch Engn, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. EM hschmidt@soe.ucsc.edu RI Liddle, James/A-4867-2013; Bokor, Jeffrey/A-2683-2011; Hawkins, Aaron/F-5708-2016 OI Liddle, James/0000-0002-2508-7910; Hawkins, Aaron/0000-0002-3882-0771 NR 28 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 5 IS 7 BP 1413 EP 1417 DI 10.1021/nl050753p PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 946KP UT WOS:000230571300041 PM 16178249 ER PT J AU Han, WQ Wu, LJ Zhu, YM Strongin, M AF Han, WQ Wu, LJ Zhu, YM Strongin, M TI In-situ formation of ultrathin Ge nanobelts bonded with nanotubes SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CARBON NANOTUBES; NITRIDE NANOTUBES; CARBIDE NANORODS; NANOWIRES; GROWTH; HETEROSTRUCTURES AB A novel nanostructure of ultrathin Ge nanobelts bonded with nanotubes has been fabricated and characterized. Nanotubes (either carbon or BN) are first coated with amorphous germanium and then heated and observed by an in-situ TEM. The thickness, down to 2 nm, and the width of the Ge nanobelts are determined by the thickness of this amorphous Ge coating and the diameter of nanotubes, respectively. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Han, WQ (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM whan@bnl.gov RI Han, WQ/E-2818-2013 NR 24 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 5 IS 7 BP 1419 EP 1422 DI 10.1021/nl050770e PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 946KP UT WOS:000230571300042 PM 16178250 ER PT J AU Huang, Y Chiang, CY Lee, SK Gao, Y Hu, EL De Yoreo, J Belcher, AM AF Huang, Y Chiang, CY Lee, SK Gao, Y Hu, EL De Yoreo, J Belcher, AM TI Programmable assembly of nanoarchitectures using genetically engineered viruses SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ONE-DIMENSIONAL NANOSTRUCTURES; GOLD NANOPARTICLES; METAL NANOWIRES; CARBON NANOTUBE; TRANSISTOR; TEMPLATES; ORGANIZATION; NANOCRYSTAL; BIOLOGY; PHAGE AB Biological systems possess inherent molecular recognition and self-assembly capabilities and are attractive templates for constructing complex material structures with molecular precision. Here we report the assembly of various nanoachitectures including nanoparticle arrays, hetero-nanoparticle architectures, and nanowires utilizing highly engineered M13 bacteriophage as templates. The genome of M13 phage can be rationally engineered to produce viral particles with distinct substrate-specific peptides expressed on the filamentous capsid and the ends, providing a generic template for programmable assembly of complex nanostructures. Phage clones with gold-binding motifs on the capsid and streptavidin-binding motifs at one end are created and used to assemble Au and Cdse nanocrytals into ordered one-dimensional arrays and more complex geometries. Initial studies show such nanoparticle arrays can further function as templates to nucleate highly conductive nanowires that are important for addressing/interconnecting individual nanostructures. C1 MIT, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. MIT, Div Biol Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Directorate Chem & Mat Sci, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Lab Sci & Technol Off, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Mat, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. RP Belcher, AM (reprint author), MIT, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM belcher@mit.edu NR 31 TC 255 Z9 259 U1 11 U2 145 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 5 IS 7 BP 1429 EP 1434 DI 10.1021/nl050795d PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 946KP UT WOS:000230571300044 PM 16178252 ER PT J AU Shroff, H Reinhard, BM Siu, M Agarwal, H Spakowitz, A Liphardt, J AF Shroff, H Reinhard, BM Siu, M Agarwal, H Spakowitz, A Liphardt, J TI Biocompatible force sensor with optical readout and dimensions of 6 nm(3) SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SINGLE-STRANDED-DNA; RNA-POLYMERASE; MYOSIN-V; MOLECULES; MOTOR AB We have developed a nanoscopic force sensor with optical readout. The sensor consists of a single-stranded DNA oligomer flanked by two dyes. The DNA acts as a nonlinear spring: when the spring is stretched, the distance between the two dyes increases, resulting in reduced Forster resonance energy transfer. The sensor was calibrated between 0 and 20 pN using a combined magnetic tweezers/single-molecule fluorescence microscope. We show that it is possible to tune the sensor's force response by varying the interdye spacing and that the FRET efficiency of the sensors decreases with increasing force. We demonstrate the usefulness of these sensors by using them to measure the forces internal to a single polymer molecule, a small DNA loop. Partial conversion of the single-stranded DNA loop to a double-stranded form results in the accumulation of strain: a force of approximately 6 pN was measured in the loop upon hybridization. The sensors should allow measurement of forces internal to various materials, including programmable DNA self-assemblies, polymer meshes, and DNA-based machines. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Biophys Grad Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Liphardt, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Biophys Grad Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM liphardt@physics.berkeley.edu RI Liphardt, Jan/A-5906-2012; Shroff, Hari/E-7247-2016; OI Shroff, Hari/0000-0003-3613-8215; Liphardt, Jan/0000-0003-2835-5025 NR 32 TC 66 Z9 67 U1 3 U2 24 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 EI 1530-6992 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 5 IS 7 BP 1509 EP 1514 DI 10.1021/nl050875h PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 946KP UT WOS:000230571300058 PM 16178266 ER PT J AU Cui, Y Banin, U Bjork, MT Alivisatos, AP AF Cui, Y Banin, U Bjork, MT Alivisatos, AP TI Electrical transport through a single nanoscale semiconductor branch point SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; COULOMB-BLOCKADE; CARBON NANOTUBES; QUANTUM DOTS; NANOCRYSTALS; POLYMER; DEVICES; TRANSISTORS; NANOWIRES AB Semiconductor tetrapods are three-dimensional (3D) branched nanostructures, representing a new class of materials for electrical conduction. We employ the single-electron transistor approach to investigate how charge carriers migrate through single nanoscale branch points of tetrapods. We find that carriers can delocalize across the branches or localize and hop between arms depending on their coupling strength. In addition, we demonstrate a new single-electron transistor operation scheme enabled by the multiple branched arms of a tetrapod: one arm can be used as a sensitive arm-gate to control the electrical transport through the whole system. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Alivisatos, AP (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM alivis@berkeley.edu RI Bjork, Mikael/B-3130-2011; Cui, Yi/L-5804-2013; Alivisatos , Paul /N-8863-2015; OI Cui, Yi/0000-0002-6103-6352; Alivisatos , Paul /0000-0001-6895-9048; Banin, Uri/0000-0003-1698-2128 NR 24 TC 108 Z9 109 U1 1 U2 28 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 5 IS 7 BP 1519 EP 1523 DI 10.1021/nl051064g PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 946KP UT WOS:000230571300060 PM 16178268 ER PT J AU Kim, BC Nair, S Kim, J Kwak, JH Grate, JW Kim, SH Gu, MB AF Kim, BC Nair, S Kim, J Kwak, JH Grate, JW Kim, SH Gu, MB TI Preparation of biocatalytic nanofibres with high activity and stability via enzyme aggregate coating on polymer nanofibres SO NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th Topical Conference on Nanoscale Science and Engineering of the American-Institute-of-Chemical-Engineers CY NOV 07-12, 2004 CL Austin, TX SP Amer Inst Chem Engineers ID WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES; MAGNETIC NANOPARTICLES; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY; IMMOBILIZATION; FIBERS; PROTEINS AB We have developed a unique approach for the fabrication of enzyme aggregate coatings on the surfaces of electrospun polymer nanofibres. This approach employs covalent attachment of seed enzymes onto nanofibres consisting of a mixture of polystyrene and poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride), followed by a glutaraldehyde (GA) treatment that cross-links additional enzyme molecules and aggregates from the solution onto the covalently attached seed enzyme molecules. These cross-linked enzyme aggregates, covalently attached to the nanofibres via the linkers of seed enzyme molecules, are expected to improve the enzyme activity due to increased enzyme loading, and also the enzyme stability. To demonstrate the principle, we coated a-chymotrypsin (CT) on nanofibres electrospun from a mixture of polystyrene and poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride). The initial activity of CT-aggregate-coated nanofibres was nine times higher than nanofibres with just a layer of covalently attached CT molecules. The enzyme stability of CT-aggregate-coated nanofibres was greatly improved with essentially no measurable loss of activity over a month of observation under rigorous shaking conditions. This new approach of enzyme coating on nanofibres, yielding high activity and stability, creates a useful new biocatalytic immobilized enzyme system with potential applications in bioconversion, bioremediation, and biosensors. C1 Gwangju Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Kwangju 500712, South Korea. Penn State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Kim, BC (reprint author), Gwangju Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, 1 Oryoung Dong, Kwangju 500712, South Korea. EM Jungbae.Kim@pnl.gov; shkim@engr.psu.edu; mbgu@gist.ac.kr RI Kim, Byoung Chan/A-2885-2009; Kwak, Ja Hun/J-4894-2014; Kim, Sang Hoon/H-9911-2015 NR 26 TC 100 Z9 100 U1 4 U2 34 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0957-4484 J9 NANOTECHNOLOGY JI Nanotechnology PD JUL PY 2005 VL 16 IS 7 SI SI BP S382 EP S388 DI 10.1088/0957-4484/16/7/011 PG 7 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 948CV UT WOS:000230694500012 PM 21727456 ER PT J AU Babst, BA Ferrieri, RA Gray, DW Lerdau, M Schlyer, DJ Schueller, M Thorpe, MR Orians, CM AF Babst, BA Ferrieri, RA Gray, DW Lerdau, M Schlyer, DJ Schueller, M Thorpe, MR Orians, CM TI Jasmonic acid induces rapid changes in carbon transport and partitioning in Populus SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE carbohydrates; carbon partitioning; carbon transport; carbon-11; inducible defense; jasmonic acid (JA); Populus; radioisotope ID MANDUCA-SEXTA LEPIDOPTERA; HOST NICOTIANA-ATTENUATA; GYPSY-MOTH LEPIDOPTERA; X EURAMERICANA PLANTS; DEVELOPING LEAF ZONE; METHYL JASMONATE; MOLECULAR-INTERACTIONS; VASCULAR ARCHITECTURE; GENE-EXPRESSION; HYBRID POPLAR AB Here, we tested whether rapid changes in carbohydrate transport and partitioning to storage organs would be induced by jasmonic acid (JA), a plant-produced signal of herbivore attack known to induce resistance. Carbon-11, introduced as (CO2)-C-11, was used to track real-time carbohydrate transport and partitioning nondestructively in Populus species before and 12 h after application of JA to a single leaf. Jasmonic acid resulted in more rapid [C-11]-photosynthate export from both local and systemic leaves, as well as greater partitioning of [C-11]-photosynthate to the stem and roots. In Populus tremuloides, following JA treatment, leaf starch decreased, but there was no change in photosynthetic rates or leaf soluble sugar concentration, indicating that recent photosynthate was diverted from starch accumulation in the leaf to other plant organs. Increasing the supply of photosynthate to roots and stems may shield resources from folivorous predators, and may also facilitate both storage and nutrient uptake, and ultimately lead to greater tolerance, either by enhancing regrowth capacity or by replacing nutrients consumed by herbivores. C1 Tufts Univ, Dept Biol, Medford, MA 02155 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Ecol & Evolut, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. RP Babst, BA (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Dept Biol, Medford, MA 02155 USA. EM ben.babst@tufts.edu RI Lerdau, Manuel/E-7320-2011; OI Lerdau, Manuel/0000-0003-1864-0834; Babst, Benjamin/0000-0001-5657-0633 NR 44 TC 105 Z9 110 U1 4 U2 30 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0028-646X J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 167 IS 1 BP 63 EP 72 DI 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2005.01388.x PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 932VF UT WOS:000229581600008 PM 15948830 ER PT J AU Parsa, Z Chikrii, A Eidelman, S Yavorskij, V Zadorozhny, V AF Parsa, Z Chikrii, A Eidelman, S Yavorskij, V Zadorozhny, V TI Fokker-Planck model of charged-particle beam behavior in a strong toroidal magnetic field SO NONLINEAR ANALYSIS-REAL WORLD APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Fokker-Planck equation; charged-particle beam; Chezaro kernel; spectrum AB Fokker-Planck model of evolution of the high-speed charged-particle beam in a plasma, held with strong magnetic field, is treated in the paper. An algorithm of reduction of this problem to 2D is suggested. In so doing, the symmetry of this problem is exploited and the fast-variable averaging method is applied. (c) 2004 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 Ukrainian Acad Sci, Glushkov Inst Cybernet, Kiev, Ukraine. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Phys Dept 510, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Ukrainian Acad Sci, Math Inst, Kiev, Ukraine. Ukrainian Acad Sci, Nucl Res Inst, Kiev, Ukraine. RP Zadorozhny, V (reprint author), Ukrainian Acad Sci, Glushkov Inst Cybernet, Kiev, Ukraine. EM zvf@compuserve.com.ua NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1468-1218 J9 NONLINEAR ANAL-REAL JI Nonlinear Anal.-Real World Appl. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 6 IS 3 BP 417 EP 428 DI 10.1016/j.nonrwa.2004.03.005 PG 12 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA 913QR UT WOS:000228168500001 ER PT J AU Chung, YJ Peleg, A AF Chung, YJ Peleg, A TI Strongly non-Gaussian statistics of optical soliton parameters due to collisions in the presence of delayed Raman response SO NONLINEARITY LA English DT Article ID POLARIZATION-MODE DISPERSION; SELF-FREQUENCY SHIFT; PULSE-PROPAGATION; INTERCHANNEL COLLISIONS; 3RD-ORDER DISPERSION; BIREFRINGENT FIBERS; PERTURBATION-THEORY; RADIATIVE LOSSES; CROSS-TALK; TRANSMISSION AB We study the effects of a delayed Raman response on soliton collisions in optical fibre transmission systems with multiple frequency channels. We show that the propagation of a given soliton undergoing many collisions with solitons from other frequency channels is described by a perturbed stochastic nonlinear Schrodinger equation, in which the stochastic perturbative terms are due to collision induced amplitude and frequency changes. Using the adiabatic perturbation theory we find that the distribution function of the soliton amplitude is lognormal, i.e. strongly non-Gaussian. The frequency of the soliton is also found to be a random variable that is not self-averaging. The results of our extensive numerical simulations incorporating the technique of importance sampling are in very good agreement with the theoretical predictions. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Chung, YJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 48 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0951-7715 J9 NONLINEARITY JI Nonlinearity PD JUL PY 2005 VL 18 IS 4 BP 1555 EP 1574 DI 10.1088/0951-7715/18/4/007 PG 20 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA 949HJ UT WOS:000230775400007 ER PT J AU Reich, CW AF Reich, CW TI Nuclear data sheets for A=160 SO NUCLEAR DATA SHEETS LA English DT Review ID HIGH-SPIN STATES; DOUBLE-BETA-DECAY; NEUTRON-DEFICIENT ISOTOPES; RARE-EARTH NUCLEI; ODD-ODD NUCLEI; GAMMA-RAY INTENSITIES; DIRECTIONAL CORRELATION MEASUREMENTS; REDUCED TRANSITION-PROBABILITIES; ANGULAR-CORRELATION MEASUREMENTS; COLLECTIVE VIBRATIONAL STATES AB The experimental results from the various reaction and decay studies leading to nuclides in the A=160 mass chain have been reviewed. The elements included range from Sm (Z=62) through Re (Z=75). These data are summarized and presented, together with adopted level schemes and properties. This work is intended to supersede the previous evaluation of the A=160 nuclides by this author (1996Re22), which was published in Nuclear Data Sheets 78, 547 (1996). C1 Idaho Natl Engn Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Nucl Data Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Reich, CW (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. NR 365 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0090-3752 J9 NUCL DATA SHEETS JI Nucl. Data Sheets PD JUL PY 2005 VL 105 IS 3 BP 557 EP + DI 10.1016/j.nds.2005.08.001 PG 217 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 967NB UT WOS:000232096800001 ER PT J AU Tsiklauri, G Talbert, R Schmitt, B Filippov, G Bogoyavlensky, R Grishanin, E AF Tsiklauri, G Talbert, R Schmitt, B Filippov, G Bogoyavlensky, R Grishanin, E TI Supercritical steam cycle for nuclear power plant SO NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article ID REACTOR C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. VNIIAM, Moscow, Russia. RP Talbert, R (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM bob.talbert@pnl.gov NR 10 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0029-5493 J9 NUCL ENG DES JI Nucl. Eng. Des. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 235 IS 15 BP 1651 EP 1664 DI 10.1016/j.nucengdes.2004.11.016 PG 14 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 945VY UT WOS:000230531800006 ER PT J AU Schultz, K Herring, S Lewis, M Summers, W AF Schultz, K Herring, S Lewis, M Summers, W TI The hydrogen reaction SO NUCLEAR ENGINEERING INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article C1 Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. RP Schultz, K (reprint author), Gen Atom Co, POB 85608, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILMINGTON PUBLISHING PI SIDCUP PA WILMINGTON HOUSE, MAIDSTONE RD, FOOTS CRAY, SIDCUP DA14 SHZ, KENT, ENGLAND SN 0029-5507 J9 NUCL ENG INT JI Nucl. Eng. Int. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 50 IS 612 BP 10 EP + PG 5 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 948LG UT WOS:000230716700003 ER PT J AU Sienicki, J Wade, D Moisseytsev, A Yang, WS Kim, SJ Smith, M Aliberti, G Doctor, R Matonis, D AF Sienicki, J Wade, D Moisseytsev, A Yang, WS Kim, SJ Smith, M Aliberti, G Doctor, R Matonis, D TI STAR performer SO NUCLEAR ENGINEERING INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Sienicki, J (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. OI Yang, Won Sik/0000-0003-0734-6023 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILMINGTON PUBLISHING PI SIDCUP PA WILMINGTON HOUSE, MAIDSTONE RD, FOOTS CRAY, SIDCUP DA14 SHZ, KENT, ENGLAND SN 0029-5507 J9 NUCL ENG INT JI Nucl. Eng. Int. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 50 IS 612 BP 24 EP + PG 4 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 948LG UT WOS:000230716700006 ER PT J AU Menard, JE Bell, RE Fredrickson, ED Gates, DA Kaye, SM LeBlanc, BP Maingi, R Medley, SS Park, W Sabbagh, SA Sontag, A Stutman, D Tritz, K Zhu, W AF Menard, JE Bell, RE Fredrickson, ED Gates, DA Kaye, SM LeBlanc, BP Maingi, R Medley, SS Park, W Sabbagh, SA Sontag, A Stutman, D Tritz, K Zhu, W CA NSTX Res Team TI Internal kink mode dynamics in high-beta NSTX plasmas SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID SPHERICAL TORUS EXPERIMENT; NEOCLASSICAL TEARING MODES; RESISTIVE MHD MODES; COMPASS-D; IMPURITY TRANSPORT; LONG-PULSE; ION LOSS; DIII-D; TOKAMAK; STABILIZATION AB Saturated internal kink modes have been observed in many of the highest toroidal beta discharges of the National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX). These modes often cause rotation flattening in the plasma core, can degrade fast-ion confinement and in some cases contribute to the complete loss of plasma angular momentum and stored energy. Characteristics of the modes are measured using soft x-ray, kinetic profile and magnetic diagnostics. Toroidal flows approaching Alfvenic speeds, island pressure peaking and enhanced viscous and diamagnetic effects associated with high-beta may contribute to mode nonlinear stabilization. These saturation mechanisms are investigated for NSTX parameters and compared with experimental data. C1 Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. Columbia Univ, New York, NY USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Menard, JE (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RI Sabbagh, Steven/C-7142-2011; Stutman, Dan/P-4048-2015; OI Menard, Jonathan/0000-0003-1292-3286 NR 63 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 7 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD JUL PY 2005 VL 45 IS 7 BP 539 EP 556 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/45/7/001 PG 18 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 952JR UT WOS:000231000300002 ER PT J AU Evans, TE Moyer, RA Watkins, JG Osborne, TH Thomas, PR Becoulet, M Boedo, JA Doyle, EJ Fenstermacher, ME Finken, KH Groebner, RJ Groth, M Harris, JH Jackson, GL La Haye, RJ Lasnier, CJ Masuzaki, S Ohyabu, N Pretty, DG Reimerdes, H Rhodes, TL Rudakov, DL Schaffer, MJ Wade, MR Wang, G West, WP Zeng, L AF Evans, TE Moyer, RA Watkins, JG Osborne, TH Thomas, PR Becoulet, M Boedo, JA Doyle, EJ Fenstermacher, ME Finken, KH Groebner, RJ Groth, M Harris, JH Jackson, GL La Haye, RJ Lasnier, CJ Masuzaki, S Ohyabu, N Pretty, DG Reimerdes, H Rhodes, TL Rudakov, DL Schaffer, MJ Wade, MR Wang, G West, WP Zeng, L TI Suppression of large edge localized modes with edge resonant magnetic fields in high confinment DIII-D plasmas SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID HOMOCLINIC TANGLES; DIVERTED TOKAMAKS; BOUNDARY; ITER AB Large sub-millisecond heat pulses due to Type-I edge localized modes (ELMs) have been eliminated reproducibly in DIII-D for periods approaching nine energy confinement times (tau(E)) with small dc currents driven in a simple magnetic perturbation coil. The current required to eliminate all but a few isolated Type-l ELM impulses during a coil pulse is less than 0.4% of plasma current. Based on magnetic field line modelling, the perturbation fields resonate with plasma flux surfaces across most of the pedestal region (0.9 <= psi(N) <= 1.0) when q(95) = 3.7 +/- 0.2, creating small remnant magnetic islands surrounded by weakly stochastic field lines. The stored energy, beta(N), H-mode quality factor and global energy confinement time are unaltered by the magnetic perturbation. Although some isolated ELMs occur during the coil pulse, long periods free of large Type-l ELMs (Delta t > 4-6 tau(E)) have been reproduced numerous times, on multiple experimental run days in high and intermediate triangularity plasmas, including cases matching the baseline ITER scenario 2 flux surface shape. In low triangularity, lower single null plasmas, with collisionalities near that expected in ITER, Type-l ELMs are replaced by small amplitude, high frequency Type-II-like ELMs and are often accompanied by one or more ELM-free periods approaching 1-2 tau(E). Large Type-I ELM impulses represent a severe constraint on the survivability of the divertor target plates in future burning plasma devices. Results presented in this paper demonstrate that non-axisymmetric edge magnetic perturbations provide a very attractive development path for active ELM control in future tokamaks such as ITER. C1 Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Cadarache Euratom Assoc, CEA, Cadarache, France. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. EURATOM, FZ Julich, Julich, Germany. Australian Natl Univ, Canberra, ACT, Australia. Natl Inst Fus Sci, Gifu, Japan. Columbia Univ, New York, NY USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Evans, TE (reprint author), Gen Atom Co, POB 85608, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. EM evans@fusion.gat.com RI Groth, Mathias/G-2227-2013 NR 19 TC 128 Z9 128 U1 4 U2 13 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD JUL PY 2005 VL 45 IS 7 BP 595 EP 607 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/45/7/007 PG 13 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 952JR UT WOS:000231000300008 ER PT J AU Staebler, A Sips, ACC Brambilla, M Bilato, R Dux, R Gruber, O Hobirk, J Horton, LD Maggi, CF Manini, A Maraschek, M Muck, A Na, YS Neu, R Tardini, G Wade, MR AF Staebler, A Sips, ACC Brambilla, M Bilato, R Dux, R Gruber, O Hobirk, J Horton, LD Maggi, CF Manini, A Maraschek, M Muck, A Na, YS Neu, R Tardini, G Wade, MR CA ASDEX Upgrade Team TI The improved H-mode at ASDEX Upgrade: a candidate for an ITER hybrid sceanario SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID NEOCLASSICAL TEARING MODES; DISCHARGES; TRANSPORT; TOKAMAK; PERFORMANCE; PLASMAS AB A stationary regime with improved confinement (H-98(y,H-2) > 1) and, simultaneously, improved stability (beta(N) > 2.5) compared to standard H-mode has been investigated on ASDEX Upgrade for many years. This so-called 'improved H-mode' is characterized by a q-profile with low central magnetic shear and q(0) >= 1 that is obtained by early heating during the current ramp. Studies of this discharge scenario have been continued. New results are presented concerning the existence domain in the q(95) range, the dependence on the normalized Larmor radius rho(i)* and initial experiments showing that high performance improved H-modes can be obtained with strong central ion cyclotron resonance heating (ICRH). In addition, the present status of understanding of the improved H-mode is reviewed. Improved H-mode plasmas are documented for 3.2 < q(95) < 4.5 and n(e)/n(GW) up to 0.85. At low densities the normalized collisionality nu* is close to the ITER value and within the range of rho(i)*, accessible in ASDEX Upgrade, no dependence of the performance on this parameter was found. When compared with standard H-mode, core transport is still governed by drift-wave turbulence. Impurity control is achieved by central wave heating. The improved stability is due to the q-profile: by q(0) > 1 sawteeth as the main trigger of large amplitude neoclassical tearing modes are avoided. The stability is eventually limited by the occurrence of a mode with poloidal mode number m = 2 and toroidal mode number n = 1 at typically beta(N) similar to 3. As far as the reactor relevance of this regime is concerned, its compatibility with significant central electron heating by ICRH, with high edge densities and low amplitude edge localized modes is of importance. The improved H-mode is, therefore, seen as a candidate for a long pulse ITER 'hybrid' operation. C1 EURATOM, Max Planck Inst Plasmaphys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. Korea Basic Sci Inst, Taejon 305333, South Korea. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Staebler, A (reprint author), EURATOM, Max Planck Inst Plasmaphys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. EM albrecht.staebler@ipp.mpg.de RI Neu, Rudolf /B-4438-2010 OI Neu, Rudolf /0000-0002-6062-1955 NR 28 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 2 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD JUL PY 2005 VL 45 IS 7 BP 617 EP 625 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/45/7/009 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 952JR UT WOS:000231000300010 ER PT J AU Joffrin, E Sips, ACC Artaud, JF Becoulet, A Bertalot, L Budny, R Buratti, P Belo, P Challis, CD Crisanti, F de Baar, M de Vires, P Gormezano, C Giroud, C Gruber, O Huysmans, GTA Imbeaux, F Isayama, A Litaudon, X Lomas, PJ McDonald, DC Na, YS Pinches, SD Staebler, A Tala, T Tuccillo, A Zastrow, KD AF Joffrin, E Sips, ACC Artaud, JF Becoulet, A Bertalot, L Budny, R Buratti, P Belo, P Challis, CD Crisanti, F de Baar, M de Vires, P Gormezano, C Giroud, C Gruber, O Huysmans, GTA Imbeaux, F Isayama, A Litaudon, X Lomas, PJ McDonald, DC Na, YS Pinches, SD Staebler, A Tala, T Tuccillo, A Zastrow, KD CA JET-EFDA Contributors Work Program TI The 'Hybird' scenario in JET: towards its validation for ITER SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID DIII-D TOKAMAK; ELMY H-MODES; ASDEX UPGRADE; TORE-SUPRA; TRANSPORT; CONFINEMENT; PROFILE AB In 2003, the performance of the 'hybrid' regime was successfully validated in JET experiments up to beta(N) = 2.8 at low toroidal field (1.7 T), with plasma triangularity and normalized Larmor radius (rho*) corresponding to identical ASDEX Upgrade discharges. Stationary conditions have been achieved with the fusion figure of merit (H(89).beta(N)/q(95)(2)) reaching 0.42 at q(95) = 3.9. The JET discharges show similar MHD, edge and current profile behaviour, when compared with the ASDEX Upgrade. In addition, the JET experiments have extended the hybrid scenario operation at higher toroidal field of 2.4 T and lower rho* towards the projected ITER values. Using this database, transport and confinement properties are characterized with respect to the standard H-mode regime. Moreover, trace tritium has been injected to assess the diffusion and convective coefficients of the fusion fuel. The maximization of confinement and stability properties provides, to this scenario, a good probability of achieving a high fusion gain at reduced plasma current for durations of up to 2000 s in ITER. C1 EURATOM, CEA, DSM, DRFC, F-13108 Cadarache, France. EURATOM, Max Planck Inst Plasmaphys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. EURATOM, ENEA, Frascati, Italy. Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ USA. Inst Super Tecn, P-1049001 Lisbon, Portugal. UKAEA Euratom Fus Assoc, Culham Sci Ctr, Abingdon OX14 3DB, Oxon, England. EURATOM, FOM, TEC, FOM Rijnhuizen, NL-3430 BE Nieuwegein, Netherlands. Japan Atom Res Inst, Naka, Ibaraki 3110193, Japan. Korea Basic Sci Inst, Taejon 305333, South Korea. EURATOM, TEKES, VTT Proc, FIN-02044 Espoo, Finland. RP Joffrin, E (reprint author), EURATOM, CEA, DSM, DRFC, F-13108 Cadarache, France. RI Artaud, Jean-Francois/G-8480-2011; Imbeaux, Frederic/A-7614-2013; Artaud, Jean-Francois/J-2068-2012; OI Belo, Paula/0000-0001-5047-4392 NR 23 TC 77 Z9 77 U1 4 U2 10 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD JUL PY 2005 VL 45 IS 7 BP 626 EP 634 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/45/7/010 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 952JR UT WOS:000231000300011 ER PT J AU Kajiwara, K Ikeda, Y Seki, M Moriyama, S Oikawa, T Fujii, T AF Kajiwara, K Ikeda, Y Seki, M Moriyama, S Oikawa, T Fujii, T CA JT-60 Team TI Electron cyclotron heating assisted startup in JT-60U SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID PLASMA-CURRENT; TOKAMAK; OPERATION; WAVES; PREIONIZATION; GYROTRON; SYSTEM; ECRH; MW AB Electron cyclotron heating (ECH)-assisted startup experiments have been performed in JT-60U. The breakdown loop voltage was successfully reduced from 25 to 4 V (= 0.26 V m(-1)) by 200 kW ECH. This is lower than the 0.3 V m(-1), which corresponds to the maximum electric field in ITER. Parameter scans of ECH power, prefill pressure, resonance position and polarization were carried out. The sensitivity of the breakdown to polarization and resonance position was observed. A prefilling gas pressure scan showed that the initial breakdown density increases with prefill pressure when it is is lower than 8 x 10(-5) Torr. Higher harmonic ECH was also attempted. The second harmonic ECH-assisted startup was possible with higher ECH power injection. However, the third harmonic ECH-assisted startup was not successful. C1 Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Naka, Ibaraki 31101, Japan. Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA USA. RP Kajiwara, K (reprint author), Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. EM kajiwara@fusion.gat.com RI Kikuchi, Mitsuru/O-1036-2015 OI Kikuchi, Mitsuru/0000-0002-5485-8737 NR 29 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 6 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD JUL PY 2005 VL 45 IS 7 BP 694 EP 705 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/45/7/019 PG 12 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 952JR UT WOS:000231000300020 ER PT J AU Drevlak, M Monticello, D Reiman, A AF Drevlak, M Monticello, D Reiman, A TI PIES free boundary stellarator equilibria with improved initial conditions SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID 3-DIMENSIONAL MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC EQUILIBRIA; MAGNETIC ISLANDS; BETA; CODE; CONFIGURATIONS; COMPUTATION; SYSTEMS; FIELD AB The MFBE procedure developed by Strumberger (1997 Nucl. Fusion 37 19) is used to provide an improved starting point for free boundary equilibrium computations in the case of W7-X (Nuhrenberg and Zille 1986 Phys. Lett. A 114 129) using the Princeton iterative equilibrium solver (PIES) code (Reiman and Greenside 1986 Comput. Phys. Commun. 43 157). Transferring the consistent field found by the variational moments equilibrium code (VMEC) (Hirshmann and Whitson 1983 Phys. Fluids 26 3553) to an extended coordinate system using the VMORPH code, a safe margin between plasma boundary and PIES domain is established. The new EXTENDER-P code implements a generalization of the virtual casing principle, which allows field extension both for VMEC and PIES equilibria. This facilitates analysis of the 5/5 islands of the W7-X standard case without including them in the original PIES computation. C1 Teilinst Greifswald, Max Planck Inst Plasmaphys, Greifswald, Germany. Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Drevlak, M (reprint author), Teilinst Greifswald, Max Planck Inst Plasmaphys, Greifswald, Germany. EM drevlak@ipp.mpg.de NR 19 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 15 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0029-5515 EI 1741-4326 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD JUL PY 2005 VL 45 IS 7 BP 731 EP 740 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/45/7/022 PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 952JR UT WOS:000231000300023 ER PT J AU Moll, M Adey, J Al-Ajili, A Alfieri, G Allport, PP Artuso, M Assouak, S Avset, BS Barabash, L Barcz, A Bates, R Biagi, SF Bilei, GM Bisello, D Blue, A Blumenau, A Boisvert, V Bolla, G Bondarenko, G Borchi, E Borrello, L Bortoletto, D Boscardin, M Bosisio, L Bowcock, TJV Brodbeck, TJ Broz, J Bruzzi, M Brzozowski, A Buda, M Buhmann, P Buttar, C Campabadal, F Campbell, D Candelori, A Casse, G Cavallini, A Charron, S Chilingarov, A Chren, D Cindro, V Collins, P Coluccia, R Contarato, D Coutinho, J Creanza, D Cunningham, W Dalla Betta, GF Dawson, I de Boer, W De Palma, M Demina, R Dervan, P Dittongo, S Dolezal, Z Dolgolenko, A Eberlein, T Eremin, V Fall, C Fasolo, F Fizzotti, F Fleta, C Focardi, E Forton, E Fretwurst, E Garcia, C Garcia-Navarro, JE Gaubas, E Genest, MH Gill, KA Giolo, K Glaser, M Goessling, C Golovine, V Sevilla, SG Gorelov, I Goss, J Bates, AG Gregoire, G Gregori, P Grigoriev, E Grillo, AA Groza, A Guskov, J Haddad, L Harkonen, J Hauler, F Hoeferkamp, M Honniger, F Horazdovsky, T Horisberger, R Horn, M Houdayer, A Hourahine, B Hughes, G Ilyashenko, I Irmscher, K Ivanov, A Jarasiunas, K Johansen, KMH Jones, BK Jones, R Joram, C Jungermann, L Kalinina, E Kaminski, P Karpenko, A Karpov, A Kazlauskiene, V Kazukauskas, V Khivrich, V Khomenkov, V Kierstead, J Klaiber-Lodewigs, J Klingenberga, R Kodys, P Kohout, Z Korjenevski, S Koski, M Kozlowski, R Kozodaev, M Kramberger, G Krasel, O Kuznetsov, A Kwan, S Lagomarsino, S Lassila-Perini, K Lastovetsky, V Latino, G Lazanu, S Lazanu, I Lebedev, A Lebel, C Leinonen, K Leroy, C Li, Z Lindstrom, G Linhart, V Litovchenko, A Litovchenko, P Lo Giudice, A Lozano, M Luczynski, Z Luukka, P Macchiolo, A Makarenko, LF Mandic, I Manfredotti, C Manna, N Marti i Garcia, S Marunko, S Mathieson, K Melone, J Menichelli, D Messineo, A Metcalfe, J Miglio, S Mikuz, M Miyamoto, J Monakhov, E Moscatelli, F Naoumov, D Nossarzewska-Orlowska, E Nysten, J Olivera, P OShea, V Palvialnen, T Paolini, C Parkes, C Passeri, D Pein, U Pellegrini, G Perera, L Petasecca, K Piemonte, C Pignatel, GU Pinho, N Pintilie, I Pintilie, L Polivtsev, L Polozov, P Popa, A Popule, J Pospisil, S Pozza, A Radicci, V Rafi, JM Rando, R Roeder, R Rohe, T Ronchin, S Rott, C Roy, A Ruzin, A Sadrozinski, HFW Sakalauskas, S Scaringella, M Schiavulli, L Schnetzer, S Schumm, B Sciortino, S Scorzoni, A Segneri, G Seidel, S Seiden, A Sellberg, G Sellin, P Sentenac, D Shipsey, I Sicho, P Sloan, T Solar, M Son, S Sopko, B Sopko, V Spencer, N Stahl, J Stolze, D Stone, R Storasta, J Strokan, N Sudzius, M Surma, B Suvorov, A Svensson, BG Tipton, P Tomasek, M Tsvetkov, A Tuominen, E Tuovinen, E Tuuva, T Tylchin, M Uebersee, H Uher, J Ullan, M Vaitkus, JV Velthuis, J Verbitskaya, E Vrba, V Wagner, G Wilhelm, I Worm, S Wright, V Wunstorf, R Yiuri, Y Zabierowski, P Zaluzhny, A Zavrtanik, M Zen, M Zhukov, V Zorzi, N AF Moll, M Adey, J Al-Ajili, A Alfieri, G Allport, PP Artuso, M Assouak, S Avset, BS Barabash, L Barcz, A Bates, R Biagi, SF Bilei, GM Bisello, D Blue, A Blumenau, A Boisvert, V Bolla, G Bondarenko, G Borchi, E Borrello, L Bortoletto, D Boscardin, M Bosisio, L Bowcock, TJV Brodbeck, TJ Broz, J Bruzzi, M Brzozowski, A Buda, M Buhmann, P Buttar, C Campabadal, F Campbell, D Candelori, A Casse, G Cavallini, A Charron, S Chilingarov, A Chren, D Cindro, V Collins, P Coluccia, R Contarato, D Coutinho, J Creanza, D Cunningham, W Dalla Betta, GF Dawson, I de Boer, W De Palma, M Demina, R Dervan, P Dittongo, S Dolezal, Z Dolgolenko, A Eberlein, T Eremin, V Fall, C Fasolo, F Fizzotti, F Fleta, C Focardi, E Forton, E Fretwurst, E Garcia, C Garcia-Navarro, JE Gaubas, E Genest, MH Gill, KA Giolo, K Glaser, M Goessling, C Golovine, V Sevilla, SG Gorelov, I Goss, J Bates, AG Gregoire, G Gregori, P Grigoriev, E Grillo, AA Groza, A Guskov, J Haddad, L Harkonen, J Hauler, F Hoeferkamp, M Honniger, F Horazdovsky, T Horisberger, R Horn, M Houdayer, A Hourahine, B Hughes, G Ilyashenko, I Irmscher, K Ivanov, A Jarasiunas, K Johansen, KMH Jones, BK Jones, R Joram, C Jungermann, L Kalinina, E Kaminski, P Karpenko, A Karpov, A Kazlauskiene, V Kazukauskas, V Khivrich, V Khomenkov, V Kierstead, J Klaiber-Lodewigs, J Klingenberga, R Kodys, P Kohout, Z Korjenevski, S Koski, M Kozlowski, R Kozodaev, M Kramberger, G Krasel, O Kuznetsov, A Kwan, S Lagomarsino, S Lassila-Perini, K Lastovetsky, V Latino, G Lazanu, S Lazanu, I Lebedev, A Lebel, C Leinonen, K Leroy, C Li, Z Lindstrom, G Linhart, V Litovchenko, A Litovchenko, P Lo Giudice, A Lozano, M Luczynski, Z Luukka, P Macchiolo, A Makarenko, LF Mandic, I Manfredotti, C Manna, N Marti i Garcia, S Marunko, S Mathieson, K Melone, J Menichelli, D Messineo, A Metcalfe, J Miglio, S Mikuz, M Miyamoto, J Monakhov, E Moscatelli, F Naoumov, D Nossarzewska-Orlowska, E Nysten, J Olivera, P OShea, V Palvialnen, T Paolini, C Parkes, C Passeri, D Pein, U Pellegrini, G Perera, L Petasecca, K Piemonte, C Pignatel, GU Pinho, N Pintilie, I Pintilie, L Polivtsev, L Polozov, P Popa, A Popule, J Pospisil, S Pozza, A Radicci, V Rafi, JM Rando, R Roeder, R Rohe, T Ronchin, S Rott, C Roy, A Ruzin, A Sadrozinski, HFW Sakalauskas, S Scaringella, M Schiavulli, L Schnetzer, S Schumm, B Sciortino, S Scorzoni, A Segneri, G Seidel, S Seiden, A Sellberg, G Sellin, P Sentenac, D Shipsey, I Sicho, P Sloan, T Solar, M Son, S Sopko, B Sopko, V Spencer, N Stahl, J Stolze, D Stone, R Storasta, J Strokan, N Sudzius, M Surma, B Suvorov, A Svensson, BG Tipton, P Tomasek, M Tsvetkov, A Tuominen, E Tuovinen, E Tuuva, T Tylchin, M Uebersee, H Uher, J Ullan, M Vaitkus, JV Velthuis, J Verbitskaya, E Vrba, V Wagner, G Wilhelm, I Worm, S Wright, V Wunstorf, R Yiuri, Y Zabierowski, P Zaluzhny, A Zavrtanik, M Zen, M Zhukov, V Zorzi, N TI Development of radiation tolerant semiconductor detectors for the Super-LHC SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Workshop on Radiation Imaging Detectors CY JUL 25-29, 2004 CL Univ Glasgow, Glasgow, SCOTLAND HO Univ Glasgow DE radiation damage; semiconductor detectors; silicon particle detectors; defect engineering; SLHC; super-LHC ID EPITAXIAL SILICON DETECTORS; ELECTRON-IRRADIATION; COLLABORATION; SENSORS AB The envisaged upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN towards the Super-LHC (SLHC) with a 10 times increased luminosity of 10(35) cm(-2) s(-1) Will present severe challenges for the tracking detectors of the SLHC experiments. Unprecedented high radiation levels and track densities and a reduced bunch crossing time in the order of 10 ns as well as the need for cost effective detectors have called for an intensive R&D program. The CERN RD50 collaboration "Development of Radiation Hard Semiconductor Devices for Very High Luminosity Colliders" is working on the development of semiconductor sensors matching the requirements of the SLHC. Sensors based on defect engineered silicon like Czochralski, epitaxial and oxygen enriched silicon have been developed. With 3D, Semi-3D and thin detectors new detector concepts have been evaluated and a study on the use of standard and oxygen enriched p-type silicon detectors revealed a promising approach for radiation tolerant cost effective devices. These and other most recent advancements of the RD50 collaboration are presented. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 CERN, Div EP, PH Dept, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. Univ Exeter, Dept Phys, Exeter EX4 4QL, Devon, England. Univ Glasgow, Dept Phys & Astron, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. Univ Oslo, Dept Phys, N-0316 Oslo, Norway. Univ Liverpool, Dept Phys, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. Syracuse Univ, Expt Particle Phys Grp, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. Catholic Univ Louvain, Inst Nucl Phys, Louvain, Belgium. SINTEF, ICT, N-0314 Oslo, Norway. Ukrainian Acad Sci, Nucl Res Inst, Dept Radiat Phys, UA-252601 Kiev, Ukraine. PAS, Inst Phys, Warsaw, Poland. Inst Electr Mat Technol, Warsaw, Poland. Univ Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. State Sci Ctr Russian Federat, Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow, Russia. Univ Florence, Dept Energet, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-50121 Florence, Italy. Univ Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, Pisa, Italy. IRST, ITC, Microsyst Div, Povo, Trento, Italy. Univ Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Trieste, Italy. Univ Lancaster, Dept Phys, Lancaster LA1 4YW, England. Charles Univ Prague, CR-11636 Prague, Czech Republic. Inst Elect Mat Technol, Warsaw, Poland. Natl Inst Mat Phys, Bucharest, Romania. Univ Hamburg, Inst Expt Phys, Hamburg, Germany. CSIC, CNM, IMB, Ctr Nacl Microelect, Barcelona, Spain. Univ Bologna, Dept Phys, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. Univ Montreal, Grp Phys Particules, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. Czech Tech Univ, CR-16635 Prague, Czech Republic. Univ Ljubljana, Jozef Stefan Inst, Ljubljana, Slovenia. Univ Ljubljana, Dept Phys, Ljubljana, Slovenia. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Dipartimento Interateneo Fis, Bari, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Bari, Italy. Univ Sheffield, Dept Phys & Astron, Sheffield S10 2TN, S Yorkshire, England. Univ Karlsruhe, Inst Expt Kernphys, D-7500 Karlsruhe, Germany. Russian Acad Sci, AF Ioffe Physicotech Inst, St Petersburg 196140, Russia. Univ Turin, Expt Phys Dept, I-10124 Turin, Italy. IFIC Valencia, Valencia 46071, Spain. Vilnius State Univ, Inst Mat Sci & Appl Res, Vilnius, Lithuania. Univ Dortmund, Lehrstuhl Expt Phys 4, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany. Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Tel Aviv Univ, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. Helsinki Inst Phys, Helsinki, Finland. Paul Scherrer Inst, Lab Particle Phys, Villigen, Switzerland. Inst Kristallzuchtung, Berlin, Germany. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Lappeenranta Univ Technol, Dept Elect Engn, Lappeenranta, Finland. Univ Bucharest, Fac Phys, Bucharest, Romania. Belarusian State Univ, Minsk 220050, Byelarus. Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ USA. Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. CiS Inst Mikrosensor gGMBH, Erfurt, Germany. Univ Surrey, Dept Phys, Guildford GU2 5XH, Surrey, England. RP CERN, Div EP, PH Dept, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. EM michael.moll@cern.ch RI Khomenkov, Volodymyr (Vladimir)/I-5957-2013; Dawson, Ian/K-6090-2013; Grigoriev, Eugene/K-6650-2013; Rando, Riccardo/M-7179-2013; O'Shea, Val/G-1279-2010; Verbitskaya, Elena/D-1521-2014; Fleta, Celeste/D-7303-2014; Pellegrini, Giulio/F-4921-2011; Campabadal, Francesca/E-6651-2014; Ivanov, Alexander/E-3993-2014; Boscardin, Maurizio/A-4420-2014; Zorzi, Nicola/M-3141-2014; Moscatelli, Francesco/N-6333-2014; Garcia, Jose /H-6339-2015; Pintilie, Lucian/D-9475-2011; Bruzzi, Mara/K-1326-2015; Gorelov, Igor/J-9010-2015; Ullan, Miguel/P-7392-2015; Lozano, Manuel/C-3445-2011; Blue, Andrew/C-9882-2016; Ruzin, Arie/P-9445-2016; Makarenko, Leonid/Q-7662-2016; Tuominen, Eija/A-5288-2017; Lo Giudice, Alessandro/J-4567-2012; Zavrtanik, Marko/A-1524-2008; Monakhov, Eduard/C-8716-2009; Coutinho, Jose/A-7251-2010; Pintilie, Ioana/C-4545-2011; Buttar, Craig/D-3706-2011; Marti-Garcia, Salvador/F-3085-2011; Mathieson, Keith/G-6308-2011; Lazanu, Sorina/B-7819-2012; Rafi, Joan Marc/D-5500-2012; Dalla Betta, Gian-Franco/I-1783-2012; Focardi, Ettore/E-7376-2012; Olivero, Paolo/J-2953-2012; Irmscher, Klaus/I-1490-2013; OI SCHIAVULLI, Luigi/0000-0003-0871-3585; Scorzoni, Andrea/0000-0003-4368-5233; Luukka, Panja/0000-0003-2340-4641; Hourahine, Benjamin/0000-0002-7667-7101; Grigoriev, Eugene/0000-0001-7235-9715; O'Shea, Val/0000-0001-7183-1205; Fleta, Celeste/0000-0002-6591-6744; Pellegrini, Giulio/0000-0002-1606-3546; Campabadal, Francesca/0000-0001-7758-4567; Zorzi, Nicola/0000-0002-6650-3925; Moscatelli, Francesco/0000-0002-7676-3106; Pintilie, Lucian/0000-0002-4934-2912; Bruzzi, Mara/0000-0001-7344-8365; Gorelov, Igor/0000-0001-5570-0133; Lozano, Manuel/0000-0001-5826-5544; Blue, Andrew/0000-0002-7716-5626; Tuominen, Eija/0000-0002-7073-7767; Rott, Carsten/0000-0002-6958-6033; Lo Giudice, Alessandro/0000-0003-4753-3165; Zavrtanik, Marko/0000-0001-5606-6912; Mathieson, Keith/0000-0002-9517-8076; Lazanu, Sorina/0000-0003-0390-0779; Rafi, Joan Marc/0000-0003-4581-9477; Dalla Betta, Gian-Franco/0000-0001-5516-9282; Focardi, Ettore/0000-0002-3763-5267; Olivero, Paolo/0000-0002-7512-6295; Passeri, Daniele/0000-0001-5322-2414; Lagomarsino, Stefano/0000-0002-1306-560X; Latino, Giuseppe/0000-0002-4098-3502; Coutinho, Jose/0000-0003-0280-366X; Sciortino, Silvio/0000-0003-0570-7489 NR 32 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 3 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 EI 1872-9576 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 1 PY 2005 VL 546 IS 1-2 BP 99 EP 107 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2005.03.044 PG 9 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 942ND UT WOS:000230288200020 ER PT J AU Murphy, JJ Wetteland, CJ AF Murphy, JJ Wetteland, CJ TI Volatile evolution induced by energetic He++ ions in a polyurethane and the effects of previous gamma irradiation SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Symposium on Ionizing Radiation and Polymers (IRaP 2004) CY SEP 25-30, 2004 CL Houffalize, BELGIUM SP DSM DRECAM, CEA, Int Atom Energy Agcy, IBA, Fons Natl Rech Sci, IOM, Minist Communaute Francaise Belgique DE alpha radiation; poly(urethane); volatile evolution; RGA AB Irradiation of polymer samples using an accelerated beam of He++ ions passed through a 10 mu m thick window of havar foil, has been performed. Such an irradiation simulates the effects of large alpha radiation doses, on a vastly reduced time-scale. The experimental set up was designed to allow analysis of volatiles evolved from the irradiated samples by means of a residual gas analyser (RGA). This was located in close proximity to the sample chamber. A radiation study on a poly(urethane) materials using an RGA to analyse volatiles indicated the dominant degradation products to be H-2, CO and CO, A series of polyurethane samples previously conditioned by gamma irradiation to between I and 5 MGy were irradiated in the ion beam. Identification of differences in trends in the rates of volatile evolution between these samples indicated the precise vacuum conditions at the time of irradiation had a major influence. There was also an indication that the surface of the sample had a small effect on rates of volatile evolution. Comparative plots of CO and CO2 evolution for series of 5 x 1 MGy irradiations indicated variations in behaviour between samples with different gamma doses. Evolution during the first I MGy was inhibited for the unirradiated sample, the extent of inhibition diminished with increasing gamma dose and was no longer evident in a sample with 1.5 MGy gamma dose. H-2 does not show an equivalent inhibition. Evidence for a low dose crosslinking reaction is put forward as the reason for the inhibition. Chemical reaction mechanisms are postulated and used to explain the differences in behaviour observed between CO/CO2 and H-2. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 AWE Aldermaston, Organ Mat Ageing Sect, Reading RG7 4PR, Berks, England. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ion Beam Mat Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Murphy, JJ (reprint author), AWE Aldermaston, Organ Mat Ageing Sect, Reading RG7 4PR, Berks, England. EM julian.j.murphy@awe.co.uk NR 6 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD JUL PY 2005 VL 236 BP 223 EP 228 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2005.04.035 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 951RO UT WOS:000230948600033 ER PT J AU Trabert, E Beiersdorfer, P Brown, GV Terracol, S Safronova, UI AF Trabert, E Beiersdorfer, P Brown, GV Terracol, S Safronova, UI TI On the metastable level in Ni-like ions SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on the Physics of Highly Charged Ions CY SEP 06-11, 2004 CL Vilnius, LITHUANIA DE X-ray spectra; atomic lifetimes; ion trapping ID X-RAY; TRAP; SPECTRA; M1; MICROCALORIMETER; SPECTROMETER; TRANSITIONS; LINES AB The lowest excited level in Ni-like ions, 3d(9)4s (3)D3, decays only via a magnetic octupole (M3) decay. We present calculated values of transition wavelengths and rates for ions with 30 <= Z <= 100. We have observed this line in Xe26+, using the Livermore EBIT-I electron beam ion trap and a microcalorimeter, as well as a high-resolution flat-field grating spectrometer. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. Univ Nevada, Reno, NV 89557 USA. RP Trabert, E (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM traebert@ep3.ruhr-uni-bochum.de NR 14 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD JUL PY 2005 VL 235 BP 23 EP 27 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2005.03.138 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 943EF UT WOS:000230334400005 ER PT J AU Lopez-Urrutia, JRC Artemyev, A Braun, J Brenner, G Bruhns, H Draganic, IN Martinez, AJG Lapierre, A Mironov, V Scofield, J Orts, RS Tawara, H Trinczek, M Tupytsin, I Ullrich, J AF Lopez-Urrutia, JRC Artemyev, A Braun, J Brenner, G Bruhns, H Draganic, IN Martinez, AJG Lapierre, A Mironov, V Scofield, J Orts, RS Tawara, H Trinczek, M Tupytsin, I Ullrich, J TI High precision measurements of forbidden transitions in highly charged ions at the Heidelberg EBIT SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on the Physics of Highly Charged Ions CY SEP 06-11, 2004 CL Vilnius, LITHUANIA DE quantum interference.; X-ray spectroscopy; EBIT; QED ID DIELECTRONIC RECOMBINATION; BEAM AB Few-electron ions, which can be produced and studied at rest in electron beam ion traps (EBITs) are very well suited for the study of nuclear size effects and QED in strong fields, but the various contributions are usually entangled. Therefore, combinations of experiments with ions in different charge states are required to separate those contributions. In order to achieve this, several spectroscopic techniques have been recently implemented at the Heidelberg EBIT, aiming at high resolution and accuracy. In the optical region the most accurate wavelengths ever reported for highly charged ions [Draganic et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 91 (2003) 183001] have been obtained, the results being sensitive to isotopic shifts [Tupitsyn et al., Phys. Rev. A 68 (2003) 022511] at the 0.01 meV level. The forbidden transitions of B-like ArXIV and Be-like ArXV ions studied here are especially interesting, since the QED contributions are as large as 0.2%. Improved atomic structure calculations allow to determine their values with growing accuracy, although the theoretical accuracy still lags three to four orders of magnitude behind the experimental one. In a different experiment, the lifetime of the corresponding metastable level has also been measured with an uncertainty of less than 0.2% thus becoming sensitive to the influence of the bound electron anomalous magnetic moment, an almost experimentally unexplored QED effect so far. A new laser spectroscopic setup aims at facilitating future studies of the hyperfine structure of heavy hydrogenic ions. Through the study of the dielectronic recombination, information on rare processes, such as two-electron-one-photon transitions in Ar16+ [Zou et al., Phys. Rev. A 67 (2003) 42703] at energies of around 2 keV, or the interference effects between dielectronic and radiative recombination in Hg77+ at 50 keV, and accurate values for the excitation energies of very heavy HCI have been obtained. A novel X-ray crystal spectrometer allowing absolute X-ray wavelength measurements in the range up to 15 keV with very high precision and reproducibility is currently used to study the Lyman series of H-like ions of medium-Z ions and the 2s-2p transitions of very heavy Li-like ions. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Max Planck Inst Nucl Phys, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. St Petersburg State Univ, St Petersburg 198504, Russia. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. VINCA Inst Nucl Sci, Belgrade 11001, Serbia Monteneg. RP Lopez-Urrutia, JRC (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Nucl Phys, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. EM crespojr@mpi-hd.mpg.de RI Crespo Lopez-Urrutia, Jose R./F-7069-2011; Gonzalez Martinez, Antonio Javier/G-8126-2016 OI Crespo Lopez-Urrutia, Jose R./0000-0002-2937-8037; Gonzalez Martinez, Antonio Javier/0000-0001-6742-5626 NR 12 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD JUL PY 2005 VL 235 BP 85 EP 91 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2005.03.151 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 943EF UT WOS:000230334400018 ER PT J AU Beiersdorfer, P Chen, H Boyce, KR Brown, GV Kelley, RL Kilbourne, CA Porter, FS Kahn, SM AF Beiersdorfer, P Chen, H Boyce, KR Brown, GV Kelley, RL Kilbourne, CA Porter, FS Kahn, SM TI Laboratory simulation of cometary X-rays using a high-resolution microcalorimeter SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on the Physics of Highly Charged Ions CY SEP 06-11, 2004 CL Vilnius, LITHUANIA DE charge exchange; X-ray lines; comets; microcalorimeter ID MAGNETIC TRAPPING MODE; BEAM ION-TRAP; CHARGED IONS; EMISSION; SPECTROMETER; COLLISIONS; EXCHANGE; IMPACT AB X-ray emission following charge exchange has been studied at the University of California Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory electron beam ion traps EBIT-I and EBIT-II using a high-resolution microcalorimeter. The measured spectra include the K-shell emission from hydrogenlike and heliumlike C, N, O, and Ne needed for simulations of cometary x-ray emission. A comparison of the spectra produced in the interaction of O8+ with N-2 and CH4 is presented that illustrates the dependence of the observed spectrum on the interaction gas. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Beiersdorfer, P (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM beiersdorfer@llnl.gov RI Porter, Frederick/D-3501-2012; Kelley, Richard/K-4474-2012 OI Porter, Frederick/0000-0002-6374-1119; NR 26 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD JUL PY 2005 VL 235 BP 116 EP 119 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2005.03.156 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 943EF UT WOS:000230334400023 ER PT J AU Lepson, JK Beiersdorfer, P Behar, E Kahn, SM AF Lepson, JK Beiersdorfer, P Behar, E Kahn, SM TI Comparisons of laboratory wavelength measurements with theoretical calculations for neon-like through lithium-like argon, sulfur and silicon SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on the Physics of Highly Charged Ions CY SEP 06-11, 2004 CL Vilnius, LITHUANIA DE emission spectra; EUV lines; electron beam ion trap; HULLAC ID X-RAY REGION; SPECTROSCOPY; EMISSION AB Atomic structure codes have a difficult time accurately calculating the wavelengths of many-electron ions without the benefit of laboratory measurements. This is especially true for wavelengths of lines in the extreme ultraviolet and soft Xray regions. We are using the low-energy capability of the Livermore electron beam ion traps to compile a comprehensive catalog of astrophysically relevant emission lines in support of satellite X-ray observations. Our database includes wavelength measurements, relative intensities and line assignments, and is compared to a full set of calculations using the Hebrew University - Lawrence Livermore Atomic Code (HULLAC). Mean deviation of HULLAC calculations from our measured wavelength values is is highest for L-shell transitions of neon-like ions and lowest for lithium-like ions, ranging from a mean deviation of over 500 m A for Si V to 12 m angstrom in Ar XVI. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Phys, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Lepson, JK (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, 7 Gauss Way, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM lepson@ssi.berkeley.edu NR 7 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD JUL PY 2005 VL 235 BP 131 EP 134 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2005.03.159 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 943EF UT WOS:000230334400026 ER PT J AU Toleikis, S Manil, B Bednarz, G Berdermann, E Beyer, HF Bosch, F Brauning-Demian, A Gumberidze, A Indelicato, P Kozhuharov, C Liesen, D Marrus, R Mokler, PH Stachura, Z Stohlker, T Warczak, A AF Toleikis, S Manil, B Bednarz, G Berdermann, E Beyer, HF Bosch, F Brauning-Demian, A Gumberidze, A Indelicato, P Kozhuharov, C Liesen, D Marrus, R Mokler, PH Stachura, Z Stohlker, T Warczak, A TI Lifetime measurement of the metastable 2 P-3(0) state in He-like uranium SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on the Physics of Highly Charged Ions CY SEP 06-11, 2004 CL Vilnius, LITHUANIA DE highly charged ions; atomic lifetimes; beam-foil spectroscopy; lamb shift ID LAMB SHIFT; ENERGY; LEVEL AB The lifetime of the 2 P-3(0) state in He-like uranium has been measured in a beam-foil time-of-flight experiment at the Gesellschaft fur Schwerionenforschung accelerator facility with the result tau(2 P-3(0)) = 58.2(9.5) ps. With the measured lifetime it is possible to derive a value of Delta E-2s(Lamb) = 76.3 +/- 20.6 eV for the n = 2 Lamb shift in uranium. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX USA. GANIL, F-14021 Caen, France. IFUJ, Krakow, Poland. GSI Darmstadt, D-6100 Darmstadt, Germany. Univ Paris 06, Paris, France. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. INP, Krakow, Poland. RP Toleikis, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 88R0192, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM stoleikis@lbl.gov RI Indelicato, Paul/D-7636-2011 OI Indelicato, Paul/0000-0003-4668-8958 NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD JUL PY 2005 VL 235 BP 197 EP 200 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2005.03.172 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 943EF UT WOS:000230334400039 ER PT J AU Fraenkel, BS Kalman, ZH Bitter, M Rice, J Ince-Cushman, A AF Fraenkel, BS Kalman, ZH Bitter, M Rice, J Ince-Cushman, A TI Design considerations for a Johann X-ray crystal spectrometer using double reflection in a single crystal to obtain spatially resolved information about a hot plasma seeded with highly charged ions SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on the Physics of Highly Charged Ions CY SEP 06-11, 2004 CL Vilnius, LITHUANIA DE emission of X-ray radiation; plasma turbulence; tokamaks; plasma diagnostic techniques and instrumentation; X-ray measurements ID ALCATOR C-MOD; TRANSPORT AB Enhanced confinement regimes with steep gradients of density profiles and the need to place rotation velocity profiles call for maximum spatial resolution in the tokamak plasma. It is proposed to achieve such a resolution by using X-ray spectroscopy with double reflections in single crystals. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Racah Inst Phys, Lab Xray & VUV Spect, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Fraenkel, BS (reprint author), Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Racah Inst Phys, Lab Xray & VUV Spect, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel. EM fraenkel@vms.huji.ac.il NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD JUL PY 2005 VL 235 BP 226 EP 230 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2005.03.178 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 943EF UT WOS:000230334400045 ER PT J AU May, MJ Beiersdorfer, P Jordan, N Scofield, JH Reed, KJ Hansen, SB Fournier, KB Gu, MF Brown, GV Porter, FS Kelley, R Kilbourne, CA Boyce, KR AF May, MJ Beiersdorfer, P Jordan, N Scofield, JH Reed, KJ Hansen, SB Fournier, KB Gu, MF Brown, GV Porter, FS Kelley, R Kilbourne, CA Boyce, KR TI Measurement of electron impact collisional excitation cross sections of Ni to Ga-Like Gold SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on the Physics of Highly Charged Ions CY SEP 06-11, 2004 CL Vilnius, LITHUANIA DE electron-impact excitation cross sections; gold M-shell; microcalorimeter; EBIT ID BEAM ION-TRAP; MICROCALORIMETER; PACKAGE; PLASMA AB We are measuring the cross sections for the 3d -> 4f and 3d -> 5f excitations in Ni- to Ga-like Au in beam plasmas created in the Livermore electron beam ion trap EBIT-I. The measurements are possible by using the high-resolution broadband coverage of the Goddard Space Flight Center micro-calorimeter. The cross sections are determined from the ratio of the intensity of the collisionally excited lines to the intensity of the radiative recombination lines. The value of the excitation cross section of the 3d(3/2) -> 5f(5/2) transition in Au50+ (Cu-like) is presented and compared to distorted wave calculations. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20700 USA. RP Beiersdorfer, P (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, L-260, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM beiersdorfer@llnl.gov RI Porter, Frederick/D-3501-2012; Kelley, Richard/K-4474-2012 OI Porter, Frederick/0000-0002-6374-1119; NR 16 TC 20 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD JUL PY 2005 VL 235 BP 231 EP 234 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2005.03.179 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 943EF UT WOS:000230334400046 ER PT J AU Toleikis, S Maruyama, R Church, DA Schneider, D Freedman, SJ Kominis, I Vetter, PA AF Toleikis, S Maruyama, R Church, DA Schneider, D Freedman, SJ Kominis, I Vetter, PA TI RETrap - a cryogenic Penning ion trap system SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on the Physics of Highly Charged Ions CY SEP 06-11, 2004 CL Vilnius, LITHUANIA DE highly charged ions; ion traps; laser cooling AB RETrap is a cryogenic Penning ion trap system, capable of the capture and cooling of highest charge high Z ions from external low-energy ion sources such as the Electron Beam Ion Trap (EBIT) or Electron Cyclotron Resonance Ion Sources (ECRIS). Recently RETrap has been moved from Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) to Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), where its operation for sophisticated research is currently being re-established. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Crete, Iraklion 71103, Crete, Greece. RP Toleikis, S (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 88R0192, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM stoleikis@lbl.gov RI Kominis, Iannis/C-5515-2011; Maruyama, Reina/A-1064-2013 OI Maruyama, Reina/0000-0003-2794-512X NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD JUL PY 2005 VL 235 BP 479 EP 481 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2005.03.228 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 943EF UT WOS:000230334400095 ER PT J AU Leitner, D Lyneis, CM Abbott, SR Collins, D Dwinell, RD Galloway, ML Leitner, M Todd, DS AF Leitner, D Lyneis, CM Abbott, SR Collins, D Dwinell, RD Galloway, ML Leitner, M Todd, DS TI Next generation ECR ion sources: First results of the superconducting 28 GHz ECRIS - VENUS SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on the Physics of Highly Charged Ions CY SEP 06-11, 2004 CL Vilnius, LITHUANIA DE high charge state ECR ion source; ECRIS; plasma ion source; radioactive ion beams; ionization efficiency ID EMITTANCE MEASUREMENTS; BEAM PRODUCTION AB VENUS (Versatile ECR ion source for NUclear Science) is a next generation superconducting ECR ion source, designed to produce high current, high charge state ions for the 88-Inch Cyclotron at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. VENUS also serves as the prototype ion source for the RIA (rare isotope accelerator) front end. The goal of the VENUS ECR ion source project as the RIA R&D injector is the production of 200 e mu A of U30+, a high current medium charge state beam. On the other hand, as an injector ion source for the 88-Inch Cyclotron the design objective is the production of 5 e mu A of U48+, a low current, very high charge state beam. To achieve those ambitious goals, the VENUS ECR ion source has been designed for optimum operation at 28 GHz. The nominal design fields of the axial magnets are 4 T at injection and 3 T at extraction; the nominal radial design field strength at the plasma chamber wall is 2 T, making VENUS currently the world's most powerful ECR plasma confinement structure. Recently, the six year project has made significant progress. In June 2002, the first plasma was ignited at 18 GHz. During 2003, the VENUS ECR ion source was commissioned at 18 GHz, while preparations for 28 GHz operation were being conducted. In May 2004 28 GHz microwave power has been coupled into the VENUS ECR ion source for the first time. Preliminary performance-tests with oxygen, xenon and bismuth at 18 GHz and 28 GHz have shown promising results. Intensities close to or exceeding the RIA requirements have been produced for those few test beams. The paper will briefly describe the design of the VENUS source and its beam analyzing system. Results at 18 GHz and 28 GHz including first emittance measurements will be described. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Leitner, D (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 88R0192, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM dleitner@lbl.gov NR 27 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD JUL PY 2005 VL 235 BP 486 EP 493 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2005.03.230 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 943EF UT WOS:000230334400097 ER PT J AU Sisterson, JM Ullmann, J AF Sisterson, JM Ullmann, J TI Measurements of energy integrated cross sections for reactions producing relatively short-lived radionuclides using neutron beams with an energy range of 0.1-750 MeV SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article DE cosmic rays; spallation reactions; 'white' neutron beams; energy integrated cross section measurements ID COSMIC-RAY PARTICLES; COSMOGENIC NUCLIDES; PRODUCTION-RATES; NOBLE-GASES; DEPENDENCE; CHONDRITE; DETECTOR; CAPTURE AB Energy integrated cross sections for neutron-induced reactions producing relatively short lived radionuclides were measured using 'white' neutron beams with an energy range of 0.1-750 MeV at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE). Cross sections for neutron-induced reactions are needed as input to the theoretical models used to understand the production of the radionuclide and stable isotopes produced by cosmic ray interactions with extraterrestrial bodies. Although most primary cosmic rays are protons, significant quantities of short- and long-lived radionuclides and stable isotopes are produced by spallation reactions initiated by secondary neutrons produced in primary cosmic ray interactions. Materials irradiated contained the elements commonly found in lunar rocks and meteorites, including SiO2 (for O), Si, CaCO3 (for Ca), Al, Mg, Fe, Ni and KNO3 (for K). Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Massachusetts Gen Hosp, NE Proton Therapy Ctr, Boston, MA 02114 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, LANSCE, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Sisterson, JM (reprint author), Massachusetts Gen Hosp, NE Proton Therapy Ctr, 30 Fruit St, Boston, MA 02114 USA. EM jsisterson@partners.org NR 36 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD JUL PY 2005 VL 234 IS 4 BP 419 EP 430 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2005.02.023 PG 12 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 942DA UT WOS:000230261900004 ER PT J AU Logan, J Fowler, JS AF Logan, J Fowler, JS TI Evidence for reduced arterial plasma input, prolonged lung retention and reduced lung monoamine oxidase in smokers SO NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE PET; MAO; lung; smoking ID BRAIN TRANSFER CONSTANTS; HEALTHY-HUMAN SUBJECTS; TIME UPTAKE DATA; PERIPHERAL ORGANS; B INHIBITION; GRAPHICAL EVALUATION; IN-VITRO; BINDING; PET; FLUOXETINE AB We have previously found that smokers have reduced brain monoamine oxidase (MAO) A and B using positron emission tomography (PET) and the irreversible mechanism-based radiotracers [C-11]-labeled clorgyline (CLG) and deprenyl (DEP) and their deuterated analogs (D CLG, D DEP). More recently, we have estimated MAO A and B activity in other organs using the deuterium isotope effect to determine binding specificity for MAO and a three-compartment model to estimate k(3), the model term proportional to MAO A activity. Here, we have investigated the robustness of the model term k(3) for estimating lung MAO A and B in light of our unexpected finding that lung MAO activity (k(3)) was reduced for smokers relative to nonsmokers, although radiotracer uptake in the lungs was similar at peak and plateau for the two groups. Methods: Time-activity data from lung and arterial plasma were used from seven nonsmokers and seven smokers scanned previously with CLG and D CLG, and five nonsmokers and nine smokers scanned previously with DEP and D DEP. The measured time-activity curves for lung and plasma and the integrals for the arterial plasma time-activity curves were compared at an early time point (2.5 min) and at the end of the study (55 min). A three-compartment irreversible model was used to estimate the differences between smokers and nonsmokers, and the stability of the parameter (k(3)) while varying model assumptions for the relative fractions of lung tissue, blood and air in the PET voxel. Results: The peak in the arterial plasma input function and the integral of the arterial plasma time-activity curve over the first 2.5 min after radiotracer injection were significantly lower for smokers relative to nonsmokers for all four tracers. However, although the peak and plateau of the lung time-activity curves were similar for smokers and nonsmokers, the decline in radioactivity from peak to plateau was slower for smokers for all tracers. Using a three-compartment irreversible model, we estimated the ratio of MAO subtypes A and B in normal lung tissue to be on the order of 3 to 1 (MAO A to B) and that smokers have reduced MAO levels for both subtypes as measured by the model parameter, k(3). The values of k(3) are insensitive to model assumptions of variations in air and tissue fraction in the PET voxel. Most of the effects of changes in these fractions are absorbed into the parameter K-1, which governs the plasma-to-tissue transfer of tracer and is a function of blood flow. K-1 was found to be larger in smokers, although the values depend upon model assumptions of air and tissue fractions. k(3) was found to be significantly lower in smokers; for CLG, a 50% reduction in MAO A for both CLG and D CLG was observed. For DEP, k(3) was also significantly lower in smokers with a reduction of similar to 80% in lung MAO B, although there was a very large coefficient of variation in the smoker's k(3). We also found larger values of lambda (K-1/k(2)) for smokers relative to nonsmokers for all tracers consistent with a longer lung retention of the nonenzyme-bound tracer, which explains the slower decline in uptake from peak radioactivity for smokers. Conclusions: The measured arterial input function values for smokers and nonsmokers are significantly different for these two tracer pairs for nonsmokers and smokers particularly for the first few minutes after radiotracer injection. Model estimates of k(3) that indicate that smokers have lower lung MAO A and B activity than nonsmokers are robust and insensitive to variations in model assumptions for relative fractions of lung tissue, blood and air in the PET voxel. Although we have only investigated the behavior of [C-11]clorgyline and [C-11]L-deprenyl and their deuterium-substituted analogs in this report, the extent to which reduced arterial input and longer lung retention also hold for other tracers for subjects who smoke merits investigation. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Logan, J (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM logan@bnl.gov FU NCRR NIH HHS [M0RR10710]; NIBIB NIH HHS [EB002630]; NIDA NIH HHS [DA7092-01, DA00280] NR 22 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0969-8051 J9 NUCL MED BIOL JI Nucl. Med. Biol. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 32 IS 5 BP 521 EP 529 DI 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2005.03.004 PG 9 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 949GB UT WOS:000230772000013 PM 15982583 ER PT J AU Logan, J Ding, YS Lin, KS Pareto, D Fowler, J Biegon, A AF Logan, J Ding, YS Lin, KS Pareto, D Fowler, J Biegon, A TI Modeling and analysis of PET studies with norepinephrine transporter ligands: the search for a reference regiod SO NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE PET; norepinephrine transporter; modeling; reboxetine ID POSITRON-EMISSION-TOMOGRAPHY; RAT-BRAIN; UPTAKE SITES; QUANTITATIVE AUTORADIOGRAPHY; DOPAMINE TRANSPORTER; GRAPHICAL ANALYSIS; H-3 NISOXETINE; BINDING-SITES; RADIOLIGAND; 4 pi(-) 3 pi(+) (pi(0)) nu(tau) decays SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Workshop on Tau Lepton Physics CY SEP 14-17, 2004 CL Nara, JAPAN AB A search for the decay of the τ lepton to seven charged pions and at most one π(0) was performed using the BABAR detector at the PEP-II e(+) e(-) collider. The analysis uses data recorded on and near the &UUpsilon;(4S) resonance between 1999 and 2003, a total of 124.3 fb(-1). We observe 7 events with an expected background of 11.9 &PLUSMN; 2.2 events and calculate a preliminary upper limit of BR(τ(-) &RARR; 4π(-) 3π(+) (π(0))ν(T)) < 2.7 x 10(-7) at 90 % CL. This is a significant improvement over the previous limit established by the CLEO Collaboration. C1 Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Ter-Antonyan, R (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, 1012 Smith Lab,174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 144 BP 21 EP 26 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2005.02.003 PG 6 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 925LQ UT WOS:000229055000004 ER PT J AU Marciano, WJ AF Marciano, WJ TI Tau 2004: Summary/commentary SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Editorial Material ID DECAYS; ANNIHILATION; LEPTON C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 EI 1873-3832 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 144 BP 359 EP 366 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2005.02.047 PG 8 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 925LQ UT WOS:000229055000049 ER PT J AU Boing, LE AF Boing, LE TI Ten key actions for decommissioning SO NUCLEAR PLANT JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB This paper reviews 10 key actions that should be taken prior to implementing any decommissioning strategy for a facility. The paper identifies these actions as: 1) information exchange, 2) communication, 3) site/facility history, 4) waste stream analysis, 5) hazards assessment, 6) estimating and understanding the cost to complete the work, 7) technologies needed to perform the project tasks, 8) conduct of final status surveys. 9) procuring specialist support and 10) teamwork. These are the ten key elements in planning for and implementing successful disposition of surplus facilities. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Special Projects Grp, Decommissioning Program Staff, NE Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Boing, LE (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Special Projects Grp, Decommissioning Program Staff, NE Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM lboing@anl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU EQES INC PI GLEN ELLYN PA 799 ROOSEVELT RD, BUILDING 6, STE 208, GLEN ELLYN, IL 60137-5925 USA SN 0892-2055 J9 NUCL PLANT J JI Nucl. Plant J. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 23 IS 4 BP 56 EP 58 PG 3 WC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 020XQ UT WOS:000235947000030 ER PT J AU Yang, WS Smith, MA Palmiotti, G Lewis, EE AF Yang, WS Smith, MA Palmiotti, G Lewis, EE TI Interface conditions for spherical harmonics methods SO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article AB A set of interface conditions is derived rigorously for the general spherical harmonics solution of the Boltzmann transport equation in three-dimensional Cartesian geometry. The derivation builds upon earlier work of Davidson and Rumyantsev to arrive at sets of interface conditions applicable to both even- and odd-order N spherical harmonics approximations. The exact set of conditions is compared to the approximate set currently employed in the odd-order N variational nodal code VARIANT, and the differences in accuracy and computational effort are summarized. The exact interface conditions are necessary for first-order implementations of spherical harmonics methods. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Northwestern Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RP Yang, WS (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM wyang@anl.gov RI Lewis, Elmer/B-7597-2009; OI Yang, Won Sik/0000-0003-0734-6023 NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5639 J9 NUCL SCI ENG JI Nucl. Sci. Eng. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 150 IS 3 BP 257 EP 266 PG 10 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 942ZO UT WOS:000230321600002 ER PT J AU Plimpton, SJ Hendrickson, B Burns, SP McLendon, W Rauchwerger, L AF Plimpton, SJ Hendrickson, B Burns, SP McLendon, W Rauchwerger, L TI Parallel S-n sweeps on unstructured grids: Algorithms for prioritization, grid partitioning, and cycle detection SO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID SYNTHETIC ACCELERATION; TRANSPORT ITERATIONS AB The method of discrete ordinates is commonly used to solve the Boltzmann transport equation. The solution in each ordinate direction is most efficiently computed by sweeping the radiation flux across the computational grid. For unstructured grids this poses many challenges, particularly when implemented on distributed-memory parallel machines where the grid geometry is spread across processors. We present several algorithms relevant to this approach: (a) an asynchronous message-passing algorithm that performs sweeps simultaneously in multiple ordinate directions, (b) a simple geometric heuristic to prioritize the computational tasks that a processor works on, (c) a partitioning algorithm that creates columnar-style decompositions for unstructured grids, and (d) an algorithm for detecting and eliminating cycles that sometimes exist in unstructured grids and can prevent sweeps from successfully completing. Algorithms (a) and (d) are fully parallel; algorithms (b) and (c) can be used in conjunction with (a) to achieve higher parallel efficiencies. We describe our message-passing implementations of these algorithms within a radiation transport package. Performance and scalability results are given for unstructured grids with up to 3 million elements (500 million unknowns) running on thousands of processors of Sandia National Laboratories' Intel Tflops machine and DEC-Alpha CPlant cluster. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Dept Comp Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Plimpton, SJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM sjplimp@sandia.gov NR 24 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5639 J9 NUCL SCI ENG JI Nucl. Sci. Eng. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 150 IS 3 BP 267 EP 283 PG 17 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 942ZO UT WOS:000230321600003 ER PT J AU Souto, FJ Kimpland, RH Heger, AS AF Souto, FJ Kimpland, RH Heger, AS TI Analysis of the effects of radiolytic-gas bubbles on the operation of solution reactors for the production of medical isotopes SO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article AB One of the primary methods to produce medical isotopes, such as Mo-99, is by irradiation of uranium targets in heterogeneous reactors. Solution reactors present a potential alternative to produce medical isotopes. The Medical Isotope Production Reactor (MIPR) concept has been proposed to produce medical isotopes with lower uranium consumption and waste than those in heterogeneous reactors. Commercial production of medical isotopes in solution reactors requires steady-state operation at similar to 200 kW. At this power regime, fuel-solution temperature increase and radiolytic-gas bubble formation introduce a negative reactivity feedback that has to be mitigated. A model based on the point reactor kinetic equations has been developed to investigate these reactivity effects. This model has been validated against experimental results from the Los Alamos National Laboratory uranyl fluoride Solution High-Energy Burst Assembly (SHEBA) and shows the feasibility of solution reactors for the commercial production of medical isotopes. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Souto, FJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS T086,POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM fsouto@lanl.gov NR 16 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5639 J9 NUCL SCI ENG JI Nucl. Sci. Eng. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 150 IS 3 BP 322 EP 335 PG 14 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 942ZO UT WOS:000230321600007 ER PT J AU Trkov, A Molnar, GL Revay, Z Mughabghab, SF Firestone, RB Pronyaev, VG Nichols, AL Moxon, MC AF Trkov, A Molnar, GL Revay, Z Mughabghab, SF Firestone, RB Pronyaev, VG Nichols, AL Moxon, MC TI Revisiting the U-238 thermal capture cross section and gamma-ray emission probabilities from Np-239 decay SO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID NEUTRON-ACTIVATION ANALYSIS; STANDARDIZATION; URANIUM; AM-243 AB The precise value of the thermal capture cross section of 238 U is uncertain, and evaluated cross sections from various sources differ by more than their assigned uncertainties. A number of the original publications have been reviewed to assess the discrepant data, corrections were made for more recent standard cross sections and other constants, and one new measurement was analyzed. Because of the strong correlations in activation measurements, the gamma-ray emission probabilities from the, beta(-) decay of Np-239 were also analyzed. As a result of the analysis, a value of 2.683 +/- 0.012 b was derived for the thermal capture cross section of U-238. A new evaluation of the gamma-ray emission probabilities from Np-239 decay was also undertaken. C1 IAEA, Nucl Data Sect, Dept Nucl Sci & Applicat, A-1400 Vienna, Austria. Hungarian Acad Sci, Inst Isotopes, Chem Res Ctr, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Nucl Data Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Isotopes Project, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Trkov, A (reprint author), IAEA, Nucl Data Sect, Dept Nucl Sci & Applicat, Wagramerstr 5,POB 100, A-1400 Vienna, Austria. EM a.trkov@iaea.org OI Firestone, Richard/0000-0003-3833-5546 NR 39 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5639 J9 NUCL SCI ENG JI Nucl. Sci. Eng. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 150 IS 3 BP 336 EP 348 PG 13 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 942ZO UT WOS:000230321600008 ER PT J AU Morel, JE Lathrop, KD AF Morel, JE Lathrop, KD TI Reply to "Comments on 'Singular solutions, integral transport theory, and the S-n method'" SO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Letter C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Morel, JE (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5639 J9 NUCL SCI ENG JI Nucl. Sci. Eng. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 150 IS 3 BP 376 EP 376 PG 1 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 942ZO UT WOS:000230321600014 ER PT J AU Schneider, EA Bathke, CG James, MR AF Schneider, EA Bathke, CG James, MR TI NFCSIM: A dynamic fuel burnup and fuel cycle simulation tool SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the American-Nuclear-Society-Topical on Advances in Nuclear Fuel Management III CY OCT 05-08, 2003 CL Hilton Head Isl, NC AB NFCSim is an event-driven, time-dependent simulation code modeling the flow of materials through the nuclear fuel cycle. NFCSim tracks mass flow at the level of discrete reactor fuel charges/discharges and logs the history of nuclear material as it progresses through a detailed series of processes and facilities, generating life-cycle material balances for any number of reactors. NFCSim is an ideal tool for analysis-of the economics, sustainability, or proliferation resistance-of nonequilibrium, interacting, or evolving reactor fleets. The software couples with a criticality and burnup engine, LACE (Los Alamos Criticality Engine). LACE implements a pieceivise-linear, reactor-specific reactivity model for its criticality calculations. This model constructs fluence-dependent reactivity traces for any facility; it is designed to address nuclear economies in which either a steady state is never obtained or is a poor approximation. LACE operates it? transient and equilibrium fuel management regimes at the refueling batch level, derives reactor- and cycle-dependent initial fuel compositions, and invokes ORIGEN2.x to carry out burnup calculations. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Schneider, EA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663,MS F607, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM eschneider@lanl.gov NR 21 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5450 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 151 IS 1 BP 35 EP 50 PG 16 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 938GB UT WOS:000229986800005 ER PT J AU Loots, GG Ovcharenko, I AF Loots, GG Ovcharenko, I TI Dcode.org anthology of comparative genomic tools SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID FACTOR-BINDING SITES; SMOOTH-MUSCLE-CELLS; SEQUENCE COMPARISONS; GENE; DATABASE; IDENTIFICATION; ALIGNMENTS; EXPRESSION; DROSOPHILA; MUTATIONS AB Comparative genomics provides the means to demarcate functional regions in anonymous DNA sequences. The successful application of this method to identifying novel genes is currently shifting to deciphering the non-coding encryption of gene regulation across genomes. To facilitate the practical application of comparative sequence analysis to genetics and genomics, we have developed several analytical and visualization tools for the analysis of arbitrary sequences and whole genomes. These tools include two alignment tools, zPicture and Mulan; a phylogenetic shadowing tool, eShadow for identifying lineage- and species-specific functional elements; two evolutionary conserved transcription factor analysis tools, rVista and multiTF; a tool for extracting cis-regulatory modules governing the expression of co-regulated genes, Creme 2.0; and a dynamic portal to multiple vertebrate and invertebrate genome alignments, the ECR Browser. Here, we briefly describe each one of these tools and provide specific examples on their practical applications. All the tools are publicly available at the http://www.dcode.org/ website. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Genome Biol Div, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Energy Environm Biol & Inst Comp Dis, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Ovcharenko, I (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Genome Biol Div, 7000 E Ave,L-441, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM ovcharenko1@llnl.gov NR 40 TC 22 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-1048 J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES JI Nucleic Acids Res. PD JUL 1 PY 2005 VL 33 SU 2 BP W56 EP W64 DI 10.1093/nar/gki355 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 942GR UT WOS:000230271400009 PM 15980535 ER PT J AU Ovcharenko, I Nobrega, MA AF Ovcharenko, I Nobrega, MA TI Identifying synonymous regulatory elements in vertebrate genomes SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID GENE-EXPRESSION; TRANSCRIPTION; DIFFERENTIATION; IDENTIFICATION; EVOLUTION; ENHANCERS; BROWSER; ROLES; CELLS; CODE AB Synonymous gene regulation, defined by regulatory elements driving shared temporal and/or spatial aspects of gene expression, is most probably predicated on genomic elements that contain similar modules of certain transcription factor binding sites (TFBS). We have developed a method to scan vertebrate genomes for evolutionary conserved modules of TFBS in a predefined configuration, and created a tool, named SynoR that identifies synonymous regulatory elements (SREs) in vertebrate genomes. SynoR performs de novo identification of SREs utilizing known patterns of TFBS in active regulatory elements (REs) as seeds for genome scans. Layers of multiple-species conservation allow the use of differential phylogenetic sequence conservation filters in search of SREs and the results are displayed such as to provide an extensive annotation of the genes containing the detected REs. Gene Ontology categories are utilized to further functionally classify the identified genes, and integrated GNF Expression Atlas 2 data allow the cataloging of tissue-specificities of the predicted SREs. SynoR is publicly available at http://synor.dcode.org. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Genom Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Ovcharenko, I (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM ovcharenko1@llnl.gov NR 27 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-1048 J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES JI Nucleic Acids Res. PD JUL 1 PY 2005 VL 33 SU 2 BP W403 EP W407 DI 10.1093/nar/gki466 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 942GR UT WOS:000230271400081 PM 15980499 ER PT J AU Zemla, A Zhou, CE Slezak, T Kuczmarski, T Rama, D Torres, C Sawicka, D Barsky, D AF Zemla, A Zhou, CE Slezak, T Kuczmarski, T Rama, D Torres, C Sawicka, D Barsky, D TI AS2TS system for protein structure modeling and analysis SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID SEQUENCE AB We present a set of programs and a website designed to facilitate protein structure comparison and protein structure modeling efforts. Our protein structure analysis and comparison services use the LGA (local-global alignment) program to search for regions of local similarity and to evaluate the level of structural similarity between compared protein structures. To facilitate the homology-based protein structure modeling process, our AL2TS service translates given sequence - structure alignment data into the standard Protein Data Bank (PDB) atom records ( coordinates). For a given sequence of amino acids, the AS2TS ( amino acid sequence to tertiary structure) system calculates ( e. g. using PSI-BLAST PDB analysis) a list of the closest proteins from the PDB, and then a set of draft 3D models is automatically created. Web services are available at http://as2ts.llnl.gov/. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Comp Applicat & Res Energy Environm & Biol Div, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Zemla, A (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Comp Applicat & Res Energy Environm & Biol Div, 7000 E Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM adamz@llnl.gov NR 10 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-1048 J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES JI Nucleic Acids Res. PD JUL 1 PY 2005 VL 33 SU 2 BP W111 EP W115 DI 10.1093/nar/gki457 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 942GR UT WOS:000230271400019 PM 15980437 ER PT J AU Zhang, B Kirov, S Snoddy, J AF Zhang, B Kirov, S Snoddy, J TI WebGestalt: an integrated system for exploring gene sets in various biological contexts SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID EXPRESSION DATA; CHROMOSOMAL DOMAINS; CANDIDATE GENES; GENOME; RESOURCE; ONTOLOGY; HIERARCHIES; ANNOTATION; DATABASE; MOUSE AB High-throughput technologies have led to the rapid generation of large-scale datasets about genes and gene products. These technologies have also shifted our research focus from 'single genes' to 'gene sets'. We have developed a web-based integrated data mining system, WebGestalt (http://genereg.ornl.gov/webgestalt/), to help biologists in exploring large sets of genes. WebGestalt is composed of four modules: gene set management, information retrieval, organization/visualization, and statistics. The management module uploads, saves, retrieves and deletes gene sets, as well as performs Boolean operations to generate the unions, intersections or differences between different gene sets. The information retrieval module currently retrieves information for up to 20 attributes for all genes in a gene set. The organization/visualization module organizes and visualizes gene sets in various biological contexts, including Gene Ontology, tissue expression pattern, chromosome distribution, metabolic and signaling pathways, protein domain information and publications. The statistics module recommends and performs statistical tests to suggest biological areas that are important to a gene set and warrant further investigation. In order to demonstrate the use of WebGestalt, we have generated 48 gene sets with genes over-represented in various human tissue types. Exploration of all the 48 gene sets using WebGestalt is available for the public at http://genereg.ornl.gov/webgestalt/wg_enrich.php. C1 Univ Tennessee, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Grad Sch Genome Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Snoddy, J (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Grad Sch Genome Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM snoddyj@ornl.gov FU NIAAA NIH HHS [R21 AA013532, U01-AA013532]; NIDA NIH HHS [P01 DA015027, P01-DA015027] NR 33 TC 817 Z9 830 U1 2 U2 30 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-1048 J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES JI Nucleic Acids Res. PD JUL 1 PY 2005 VL 33 SU 2 BP W741 EP W748 DI 10.1093/nar/gki475 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 942GR UT WOS:000230271400152 PM 15980575 ER PT J AU Nakagawa, YE Maetou, M Yoshida, A Sakamoto, T Suzuki, M Yamamoto, Y Tamagawa, T Shirasaki, Y Yamazaki, T Kawai, N Matsuoka, M Fenimore, EE Galassi, M Atteia, JL Hurley, K Ricker, G AF Nakagawa, YE Maetou, M Yoshida, A Sakamoto, T Suzuki, M Yamamoto, Y Tamagawa, T Shirasaki, Y Yamazaki, T Kawai, N Matsuoka, M Fenimore, EE Galassi, M Atteia, JL Hurley, K Ricker, G CA HETE-2 Sci Team TI Bursts from Soft Gamma-Ray Repeaters triggered by HETE-2 SO NUOVO CIMENTO DELLA SOCIETA ITALIANA DI FISICA C-GEOPHYSICS AND SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th Workshop on Gamma-Ray Bursts in the Afterglow Era CY OCT 18-22, 2004 CL Rome, ITALY ID SGR-1900+14; PERFORMANCE; FREGATE AB HETE-2 triggered 166 events from SCR1900+14 and SCR1806-20 in summer periods from June 18 2001 to September 8 2004. Among these events, 6 events were localized to SGR1900+14 and,53 events to SCR1806-20. We performed the energy spectral analyses of bursts from SGR1900+14 and SCR1806-20 using the data of the WXM and FREGATE onboard HETE-2. We find that the energy spectra of SGR1900+14 and SGR1806-20 are well described by a sum of two blackbody models with temperatures of similar to 4 keV and similar to 11 keV. C1 Aoyama Gakuin Univ, Dept Phys, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan. RIKEN, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Wako, Saitama 35101, Japan. Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Meguro Ku, Tokyo 152, Japan. Natl Astron Observ Japan, Tokyo, Japan. Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. Observ Midi Pyrenees, Astrophys Lab, F-31400 Toulouse, France. Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. MIT, Ctr Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Nakagawa, YE (reprint author), Aoyama Gakuin Univ, Dept Phys, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOCIETA ITALIANA DI FISICA PI BOLOGNA PA VIA SARAGOZZA, 12, I-40123 BOLOGNA, ITALY SN 1124-1896 J9 NUOVO CIMENTO C JI Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. C-Geophys. Space Phys. PD JUL-OCT PY 2005 VL 28 IS 4-5 BP 625 EP 628 DI 10.1393/ncc/i2005-10116-3 PG 4 GA 997RW UT WOS:000234266300029 ER PT J AU Reichart, D Nysewander, M Moran, J Bartelme, J Bayliss, M Foster, A Clemens, JC Price, P Evans, C Salmonson, J Trammell, S Carney, B Keohane, J Gotwals, R AF Reichart, D Nysewander, M Moran, J Bartelme, J Bayliss, M Foster, A Clemens, JC Price, P Evans, C Salmonson, J Trammell, S Carney, B Keohane, J Gotwals, R TI PROMPT: Panchromatic Robotic Optical Monitoring and Polarimetry Telescopes SO NUOVO CIMENTO DELLA SOCIETA ITALIANA DI FISICA C-GEOPHYSICS AND SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th Workshop on Gamma-Ray Bursts in the Afterglow Era CY OCT 18-22, 2004 CL Rome, ITALY ID GAMMA-RAY BURSTS; POLARIZATION; FLUX; AFTERGLOWS AB Funded by $1.2M in grants and donations, we are now building PROMPT at CTIO. When completed in late 2005, PROMPT will consist of six 0.41-meter diameter Ritchey-Chretien telescopes on rapidly slewing mounts that respond to GRB alerts within seconds, when the afterglow is potentially extremely bright. Each mirror and camera coating is being optimized for a different wavelength range and function, including a NIR imager, two red-optimized imagers, a blue-optimized imager, an UV-optimized imager, and an optical polarimeter. PROMPT will be able to identify high-redshift events by dropout and distinguish these events from the similar signatures of extinction. In this way, PROMPT will act as a distance-finder scope for spectroscopic follow up on the larger 4.1-meter diameter SOAR telescope, which is also located at CTIO. When not chasing GRBs, PROMPT serves broader educational objectives across the state of North Carolina. Enclosure construction and the first two telescopes are now complete and functioning: PROMPT observed Swift's first GRB in December 2004. We upgrade from two to four telescope in February 2005 and from four to six telescopes in mid-2005. C1 Univ N Carolina, Dept Phys & Astron, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA. Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. Univ N Carolina, Dept Phys & Opt Sci, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA. Hampden Sydney Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Hampden Sydney, VA 23943 USA. Univ N Carolina, Morehead Planetarium & Sci Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Reichart, D (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Phys & Astron, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA. RI Evans, Charles/M-2377-2015 OI Evans, Charles/0000-0001-5578-1033 NR 8 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOCIETA ITALIANA DI FISICA PI BOLOGNA PA VIA SARAGOZZA, 12, I-40123 BOLOGNA, ITALY SN 1124-1896 J9 NUOVO CIMENTO C JI Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. C-Geophys. Space Phys. PD JUL-OCT PY 2005 VL 28 IS 4-5 BP 767 EP 770 DI 10.1393/ncc/i2005-10149-6 PG 4 GA 997RW UT WOS:000234266300062 ER PT J AU Hoover, AS Kippen, RM Meegan, CA Fishman, GJ Wilson, RB Wilson-Hodge, CA Kouveliotou, C Lichti, GG von Kienlin, A Diehl, R Greiner, J Schoenfelder, V Steinle, H Preece, RD Briggs, MS Paciesas, WS Bhat, PN Connaughton, V AF Hoover, AS Kippen, RM Meegan, CA Fishman, GJ Wilson, RB Wilson-Hodge, CA Kouveliotou, C Lichti, GG von Kienlin, A Diehl, R Greiner, J Schoenfelder, V Steinle, H Preece, RD Briggs, MS Paciesas, WS Bhat, PN Connaughton, V TI The GLAST burst monitor instrument response simulation system SO NUOVO CIMENTO DELLA SOCIETA ITALIANA DI FISICA C-GEOPHYSICS AND SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th Workshop on Gamma-Ray Bursts in the Afterglow Era CY OCT 18-22, 2004 CL Rome, ITALY AB The GLAST Burst Monitor (GBM) is designed to provide wide field of view observations of gamma-ray bursts from 10 keV to 25 MeV. The GRIM is composed of twelve NaI and two BGO detectors that are widely dispersed about the GLAST spacecraft. Reconstructing burst locations and energy spectra from these separated detectors requires detailed knowledge of the response to direct and scattered burst radiation. A simulation software package based on the GEANT4 Monte Carlo toolset is being developed to fulfill this requirement. We will discuss the architecture of our simulation system and evaluate the scientific capabilities of the GBM. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NASA, Natl Space Sci Technol Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA. Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. Univ Alabama, Natl Space Sci Technol Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA. RP Hoover, AS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. OI Preece, Robert/0000-0003-1626-7335 NR 3 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOCIETA ITALIANA DI FISICA PI BOLOGNA PA VIA SARAGOZZA, 12, I-40123 BOLOGNA, ITALY SN 1124-1896 J9 NUOVO CIMENTO C JI Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. C-Geophys. Space Phys. PD JUL-OCT PY 2005 VL 28 IS 4-5 BP 797 EP 800 DI 10.1393/ncc/i2005-10156-7 PG 4 GA 997RW UT WOS:000234266300068 ER PT J AU Hong, S Yamaoka, K Terada, Y Ohno, A Tsutsui, A Endo, Y Kotoku, J Okada, Y Mori, A Fukazawa, Y Kamae, T Kokubun, M Makishima, K Murakami, T Nakazawa, K Nomachi, M Tashiro, M Takahashi, I Takahashi, T Yonetoku, D Watanabe, S AF Hong, S Yamaoka, K Terada, Y Ohno, A Tsutsui, A Endo, Y Kotoku, J Okada, Y Mori, A Fukazawa, Y Kamae, T Kokubun, M Makishima, K Murakami, T Nakazawa, K Nomachi, M Tashiro, M Takahashi, I Takahashi, T Yonetoku, D Watanabe, S CA HXD-II Team TI Performance of GRB monitor with Astro-E2 Hard X-ray Detector (HXD-II) SO NUOVO CIMENTO DELLA SOCIETA ITALIANA DI FISICA C-GEOPHYSICS AND SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th Workshop on Gamma-Ray Bursts in the Afterglow Era CY OCT 18-22, 2004 CL Rome, ITALY AB The Hard X-ray Detector (HXD-II) is one of the three instruments onboard the Astro-E2 satellite scheduled for launch in 2005. The HXD-II consists of 16 main counters (Well units), surrounded by 20 active shield counters (Anti units). The Anti units have a large geometrical area of similar to 800 cm(2) with an uncollimated field of view covering similar to 2 pi steradian. Utilizing 2.6 cm thick BGO crystals: they realize a large effective area of 400 cm(2) for 1 MeV photons. In the energy range of 300-5000 keV, the expected effective area is significantly larger than those of other gamma-ray burst instruments, such as CGRO/BATSE, HETE-2/FREGATE, and GLAST/GBM. Therefore. the Anti units act as a Wideband All-sky, Monitor (WAM) for gamma-ray bursts in the energy range of 50-5000 keV. C1 Saitama Univ, Dept Phys, Urawa, Saitama 338, Japan. Inst Phys & Chem Res, Wako, Saitama, Japan. Aoyama Gakuin Univ, Dept Math & Phys, Tokyo 150, Japan. Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 730, Japan. Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Tokyo 152, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Tokyo 113, Japan. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Kanazawa Univ, Dept Phys, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920, Japan. Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Tokyo, Japan. Osaka Univ, Nucl Phys Lab, Suita, Osaka 565, Japan. RP Hong, S (reprint author), Saitama Univ, Dept Phys, Urawa, Saitama 338, Japan. RI Tashiro, Makoto/J-4562-2012; Terada, Yukikatsu/A-5879-2013; XRAY, SUZAKU/A-1808-2009 OI Terada, Yukikatsu/0000-0002-2359-1857; NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOCIETA ITALIANA DI FISICA PI BOLOGNA PA VIA SARAGOZZA, 12, I-40123 BOLOGNA, ITALY SN 1124-1896 J9 NUOVO CIMENTO C JI Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. C-Geophys. Space Phys. PD JUL-OCT PY 2005 VL 28 IS 4-5 BP 821 EP 824 DI 10.1393/ncc/i2005-10164-7 PG 4 GA 997RW UT WOS:000234266300074 ER PT J AU Hoover, AS Kippen, RM McConnell, ML AF Hoover, AS Kippen, RM McConnell, ML TI The MeV spectra of gamma-ray bursts measured with COMPTEL SO NUOVO CIMENTO DELLA SOCIETA ITALIANA DI FISICA C-GEOPHYSICS AND SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th Workshop on Gamma-Ray Bursts in the Afterglow Era CY OCT 18-22, 2004 CL Rome, ITALY AB The past decade has produced a wealth of observational data oil the energy spectra of prompt emission from gamma-ray-bursts. Most of the data cover the energy range from a few to several hundred keV. One set of higher energy observations comes from the Imaging Compton Telescope COMPTEL on the Compton Observatory, which measured in the energy range from 0.75 to 30 MeV. We analyzed the full 9.2 years COMPTEL data to reveal the significant detection of 44 gamma-ray bursts. We present preliminary results obtained in the process of preparing a final catalog of the spectral analysis of these events. In addition: we compare the COMPTEL spectra to simultaneous BATSE measurements for purposes of cross-calibration. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RP Hoover, AS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 3 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOCIETA ITALIANA DI FISICA PI BOLOGNA PA VIA SARAGOZZA, 12, I-40123 BOLOGNA, ITALY SN 1124-1896 J9 NUOVO CIMENTO C JI Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. C-Geophys. Space Phys. PD JUL-OCT PY 2005 VL 28 IS 4-5 BP 825 EP 828 DI 10.1393/ncc/i2005-10165-6 PG 4 GA 997RW UT WOS:000234266300075 ER PT J AU McLean, K Fenimore, E Palmer, D Barthelmy, S Gehrels, N Krimm, H Markwardt, C Parsons, A Tueller, J Stephens, M AF McLean, K Fenimore, E Palmer, D Barthelmy, S Gehrels, N Krimm, H Markwardt, C Parsons, A Tueller, J Stephens, M TI Follow up ability for GRB observations on Swift SO NUOVO CIMENTO DELLA SOCIETA ITALIANA DI FISICA C-GEOPHYSICS AND SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th Workshop on Gamma-Ray Bursts in the Afterglow Era CY OCT 18-22, 2004 CL Rome, ITALY AB Swift is the first satellite to autonomously select its own targets and slew to them. To test the ability of the narrow field of view instruments (NFIs) to follow up gamma ray burst (GRB) triggers, we simulate a series of randomly positioned bursts. This allows us to explore haw, the follow tip observations of the NFIs will proceed. Each located burst in the simulation is followed by four hours without bursts, to allow for the NFIs to follow up the GRB triggers. We simulated 50 bursts that were triggered and located by the Burst Alert Telescope (BAT) and observed by the NFIs to probe the follow up parameter space. The discovery orbit (when the burst is first observed after the trigger) has NFI observation durations that are random in duration, while the average observation per full-orbit (the orbits after the discovery orbit) is approximately 2500 seconds, which would then take four full orbits to fulfill the autonomous observation requirement. The NFI observations can only begin after Swift has settled on the ORB's location, which takes about a hundred seconds. This average hundred seconds limits to rapid follow tip observations by the NFIs, leaving the earliest optical observations to ground-based robotic telescopes. C1 Univ Texas, Richardson, TX 75080 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP McLean, K (reprint author), Univ Texas, Richardson, TX 75080 USA. RI Barthelmy, Scott/D-2943-2012; Gehrels, Neil/D-2971-2012; Tueller, Jack/D-5334-2012; Parsons, Ann/I-6604-2012 NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOCIETA ITALIANA DI FISICA PI BOLOGNA PA VIA SARAGOZZA, 12, I-40123 BOLOGNA, ITALY SN 1124-1896 J9 NUOVO CIMENTO C JI Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. C-Geophys. Space Phys. PD JUL-OCT PY 2005 VL 28 IS 4-5 BP 837 EP 840 DI 10.1393/ncc/i2005-10168-3 PG 4 GA 997RW UT WOS:000234266300078 ER PT J AU Longo, F Omodei, N Band, D Bonnell, JT Brigida, M Cohen-Tanugi, J Giannitrapani, R Kamae, T Norris, JP Winai, M AF Longo, F Omodei, N Band, D Bonnell, JT Brigida, M Cohen-Tanugi, J Giannitrapani, R Kamae, T Norris, JP Winai, M TI Gamma Ray Bursts and Data Challenge One: Searching GRB in one week of simulated GLAST LAT data SO NUOVO CIMENTO DELLA SOCIETA ITALIANA DI FISICA C-GEOPHYSICS AND SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th Workshop on Gamma-Ray Bursts in the Afterglow Era CY OCT 18-22, 2004 CL Rome, ITALY AB GLAST (Gamma-ray Large Area Space Telescope) is a gamma-ray astronomy mission that will be launched in mid 2007. The main instrument is the LAT (Large Area Telescope), a, pair conversion telescope with sensitivity in the range 20 MeV-300 GeV. Data, Challenge One (DC1) was the simulation of one week of observation of the entire gamma-ray sky by the LAT detector. The simulated data was similar to the real data, which allowed for the development of scientific software. In this paper we present the GRB simulations and the detection algorithms developed by the GLAST GRB and Solar Flare Science Team. C1 Univ Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Trieste, Italy. Univ Siena, I-53100 Siena, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, Pisa, Italy. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. Univ Bari, I-70121 Bari, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, Bari, Italy. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Univ Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy. RP Longo, F (reprint author), Univ Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. OI Omodei, Nicola/0000-0002-5448-7577 NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOCIETA ITALIANA DI FISICA PI BOLOGNA PA VIA SARAGOZZA, 12, I-40123 BOLOGNA, ITALY SN 1124-1896 J9 NUOVO CIMENTO C JI Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. C-Geophys. Space Phys. PD JUL-OCT PY 2005 VL 28 IS 4-5 BP 841 EP 844 DI 10.1393/ncc/i2005-10169-2 PG 4 GA 997RW UT WOS:000234266300079 ER PT J AU Nakagawa, YE Yamazaki, T Sakamaoto, T Yoshida, A Kawai, N Tamagawa, T Shirasaki, Y Torii, K Suzuki, M Matsuoka, M Fenimore, EE Galassi, M AF Nakagawa, YE Yamazaki, T Sakamaoto, T Yoshida, A Kawai, N Tamagawa, T Shirasaki, Y Torii, K Suzuki, M Matsuoka, M Fenimore, EE Galassi, M CA HETE-2 WXM Team TI In-flight calibration and detector response matrices for WXM/HETE-2 SO NUOVO CIMENTO DELLA SOCIETA ITALIANA DI FISICA C-GEOPHYSICS AND SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th Workshop on Gamma-Ray Bursts in the Afterglow Era CY OCT 18-22, 2004 CL Rome, ITALY AB The HETE-2 carries the Wide-field X-ray Monitor (WXM) which consists of four identical one-dimensional position-sensitive proportional counters and the electronics for signal processing. It is placed beneath two one-dimensional coded aperture masks and sensitive to X-rays from 2 to 25 keV. The detector response matrices (DRMs) of the WXM is calculated numerically based on the preflight ground measurements for each anode wire. Since the launch of HETE-2, in-flight calibrations have been carried out utilizing data of Crab nebula. Ail unexpected excess appeared in low energy spectra (2-4 keV) of the WXM since December 2002. We found the excess being oil all increasing trend. It is possibly explained by a gradual loss of the aluminum-coated Kapton film which covers the coded masks. We developed the new DRMs generator based on the variation of the thickness of aluminum-coated Kapton film. C1 Aoyama Gakuin Univ, Dept Math & Phys, Kanagawa, Japan. Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Meguro Ku, Tokyo 152, Japan. Inst Phys & Chem Res, Wako, Saitama, Japan. Natl Astron Observ Japan, Tokyo, Japan. Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Osaka, Japan. Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Nakagawa, YE (reprint author), Aoyama Gakuin Univ, Dept Math & Phys, Kanagawa, Japan. NR 3 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOCIETA ITALIANA DI FISICA PI BOLOGNA PA VIA SARAGOZZA, 12, I-40123 BOLOGNA, ITALY SN 1124-1896 J9 NUOVO CIMENTO C JI Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. C-Geophys. Space Phys. PD JUL-OCT PY 2005 VL 28 IS 4-5 BP 849 EP 852 DI 10.1393/ncc/i2005-10171-8 PG 4 GA 997RW UT WOS:000234266300081 ER PT J AU Min, MZ Fang, CQ Fayek, M AF Min, MZ Fang, CQ Fayek, M TI Petrography and genetic history of coffinite and uraninite from the Liueryiqi granite-hosted uranium deposit, SE China SO ORE GEOLOGY REVIEWS LA English DT Review DE granite; uranium; coffinite; banded texture; genesis; Liueryiqi; China ID CIGAR LAKE DEPOSIT; ISOTOPIC ANALYSES; MINERALS; GEOCHEMISTRY; MECHANISMS; SILICATE; CANADA; MEXICO; BASIN; ORE AB Coffinite and uraninite banded aggregates from the Liueryiqi granite-hosted uranium deposit, SE China, form a unique "bull's-eye" texture. These aggregates consist of concentric bands of uraninite and coffinite that range in thickness from 1 to 10 mu m. Electron microprobe analyses indicate that coffinite and uraninite contain Ca and Al impurities. Altered uraninite, feldspar, quartz or pyrite grains form the center of these aggregates. Other minerals associated with the "bull's-eye" aggregates are marcasite, sphalerite, galena, chalcopyrite, bornite, clausthalite, microcrystalline quartz, fluorite and calcite. The aggregates occur within highly altered and brecciated zones of a two-mica leucogranite. The mineral assemblage associated with these aggregates is consistent with low-temperature fluids (similar to 125 to 200 degrees C), pH=6.0 to 8.5, Eh=-0.640 to -0.704 V, and dissolved silica contents of 10(-3.5) to 10(-2.7) mol/l (19 to 120 ppm as SiO2). At depth, CO2 concentrations of mineralizing fluids percolating through the breccia and fractured zones of the altered host granites likely ranged from 3.5 to 2.6 mol% at temperatures between 126 and 178 degrees C and a lithostatic pressure of 500 to 800 bars. Uranium was likely transported as a uranyl dicarbonate ion, which is the dominant dissolved uranium carbonate species in the pH range 6.0 to 8.5. Periodic changes in dissolved silica content in the mineralizing fluids resulted in the formation of the coffinite-uraninite intergrowth-banded aggregates. The precipitating mechanism resulting in the precipitation of the reduced uranium phases was likely the oxidation of reduced S2- and Se2-, which were supplied by the mineralizing fluids and were in equilibrium with uranyl ions. (C)2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Nanjing Univ, Dept Earth Sci, State Key Lab Mineral Deposit Res, Nanjing 210093, Peoples R China. Nanjing Univ, State Key Lab Solid State Microstruct, Nanjing 210093, Peoples R China. Univ Tennessee, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, ORNL, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Min, MZ (reprint author), Nanjing Univ, Dept Earth Sci, State Key Lab Mineral Deposit Res, Nanjing 210093, Peoples R China. EM mzmin@nju.edu.cn NR 31 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-1368 J9 ORE GEOL REV JI Ore Geol. Rev. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 26 IS 3-4 BP 187 EP 197 DI 10.1016/j.oregeorev.2004.10.006 PG 11 WC Geology; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Geology; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing GA 955TI UT WOS:000231250100001 ER PT J AU Min, MZ Xu, HF Chen, J Fayek, M AF Min, MZ Xu, HF Chen, J Fayek, M TI Evidence of uranium biomineralization in sandstone-hosted roll-front uranium deposits, northwestern China SO ORE GEOLOGY REVIEWS LA English DT Review DE roll-front uranium deposit; sandstone; biommeralization; China ID DESULFOVIBRIO-DESULFURICANS; U(VI) REDUCTION; MINERALS; ORE; MICROORGANISMS; WASTE; IRON AB We show evidence that the primary uranium minerals, uraninite and coffinite, from high-grade ore samples (U3O8>0.3%) in the Wuyiyi, Wuyier, and Wuyisan sandstone-hosted roll-front uranium deposits, Xinjiang, northwestern China were biogenically precipitated and psuedomorphically replace fungi and bacteria. Uranium (VI), which was the sole electron acceptor, was likely to have been enzymically reduced. Post-mortem accumulation of uranium may have also occurred through physio-chemical interaction between uranium and negatively-charged cellular sites, and inorganic adsorption or precipitation reactions. These results suggest that microorganisms may have played a key role in formation of the sandstone- or roll-type uranium deposits, which are among the most economically significant uranium deposits in the world. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Nanjing Univ, Dept Earth Sci, State Key Lab Mineral Deposit Res, Nanjing 210093, Peoples R China. Nanjing Univ, State Key Lab Solid State Microstruct, Nanjing 210093, Peoples R China. Univ New Mexico, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Univ Tennessee, ORNL, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Min, MZ (reprint author), Nanjing Univ, Dept Earth Sci, State Key Lab Mineral Deposit Res, Nanjing 210093, Peoples R China. EM mzmin@nju.edu.cn NR 35 TC 35 Z9 48 U1 4 U2 25 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-1368 J9 ORE GEOL REV JI Ore Geol. Rev. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 26 IS 3-4 BP 198 EP 206 DI 10.1016/j.oregeorev.2004.10.003 PG 9 WC Geology; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Geology; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing GA 955TI UT WOS:000231250100002 ER PT J AU Olevsky, EA Kushnarev, B Maximenko, A Tikare, V Braginsky, M AF Olevsky, EA Kushnarev, B Maximenko, A Tikare, V Braginsky, M TI Modelling of anisotropic sintering in crystalline ceramics SO PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE LA English DT Article ID NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; DIMENSIONAL CHANGE; GRAIN-BOUNDARY; PARTICLE-SHAPE; SHRINKAGE; DIFFUSION; GROWTH; KINETICS; GRAVITY; SURFACE AB We present a model that describes anisotropic shrinkage during sintering in a powder compact of aligned, elongated particles by deriving the anisotropic sintering stress and the anisotropic generalized viscosity as a function of material and geometric parameters. The powder compact consists of elongated particles, which are perfectly aligned and simply packed with elliptical pores at all the quadra-junctions between the particles. The model considers mass transport by grain boundary diffusion and surface diffusion. Shrinkage rates are calculated for a variety of geometries and are compared to kinetic Monte Carlo simulations. C1 San Diego State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Olevsky, EA (reprint author), San Diego State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. EM eolevsky@mail.sdsu.edu NR 29 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 7 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1478-6435 J9 PHILOS MAG JI Philos. Mag. PD JUL 1 PY 2005 VL 85 IS 19 BP 2123 EP 2146 DI 10.1080/14786430412331331989 PG 24 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics GA 944US UT WOS:000230456400003 ER PT J AU Sauer, K Yano, J Yachandra, VK AF Sauer, K Yano, J Yachandra, VK TI X-ray spectroscopy of the Mn4Ca cluster in the water-oxidation complex of Photosystem II SO PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Congress on Photosynthesis CY AUG 29-SEP 03, 2004 CL Montreal, CANADA DE EXAFS; manganese cluster; oxygen evolution; Photosystem II; water-oxidation; X-ray dichroism; X-ray spectroscopy ID OXYGEN-EVOLVING COMPLEX; ABSORPTION-SPECTROSCOPY; MANGANESE CLUSTER; MN-CLUSTER; PHOTOSYNTHETIC APPARATUS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; ANGSTROM RESOLUTION; EXAFS SPECTROSCOPY; CENTERED OXIDATION; OXIDIZING COMPLEX AB The water-oxidation complex of Photosystem II (PS II) contains a heteronuclear cluster of 4 Mn atoms and a Ca atom. Ligands to the metal cluster involve bridging O atoms, and O and N atoms from amino acid side-chains of the D1 polypeptide of PS II, with likely additional contributions from water and CP43. Although moderate resolution X-ray diffraction-based structures of PS II have been reported recently, and the location of the Mn4Ca cluster has been identified, the structures are not resolved at the atomic level. X-ray absorption (XAS), emission (XES), resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) provide independent and potentially highly accurate sources of structural and oxidation-state information. When combined with polarized X-ray studies of oriented membranes or single-crystals of PS II, a more detailed picture of the cluster and its disposition in PS II is obtained. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Melvin Calvin Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Sauer, K (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM khsauer@lbl.gov; jyano@lbl.gov; vkyachandra@lbl.gov RI ID, BioCAT/D-2459-2012 FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR-08630, P41 RR008630]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM 55302, R01 GM055302, R56 GM055302] NR 53 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-8595 J9 PHOTOSYNTH RES JI Photosynth. Res. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 85 IS 1 BP 73 EP 86 DI 10.1007/s11120-005-0638-9 PG 14 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 923GD UT WOS:000228897000006 PM 15977060 ER PT J AU Axelrod, HL Okamura, MY AF Axelrod, HL Okamura, MY TI The structure and function of the cytochrome c(2): reaction center electron transfer complex from Rhodobacter sphaeroides SO PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Congress on Photosynthesis CY AUG 29-SEP 03, 2004 CL Montreal, CANADA DE bacterial photosynthesis; inter-protein electron transfer; membrane proteins; protein-protein interaction ID PHOTOSYNTHETIC REACTION-CENTER; X-RAY-STRUCTURE; PHOTOOXIDIZED BACTERIOCHLOROPHYLL DIMER; PROTEIN-PROTEIN INTERACTIONS; SITE-DIRECTED MUTAGENESIS; OPTICAL LINEAR DICHROISM; L-SUBUNIT PLAYS; RHODOPSEUDOMONAS-VIRIDIS; TETRAHEME CYTOCHROME; BC(1) COMPLEX AB In the photosynthetic bacterium, Rhodobacter sphaeroides, the mobile electron carrier, cytochrome c(2) (cyt c(2)) transfers an electron from reduced heme to the photooxidized bacteriochlorophyll dimer in the membrane bound reaction center (RC) as part of the light induced cyclic electron transfer chain. A complex between these two proteins that is active in electron transfer has been crystallized and its structure determined by X-ray diffraction. The structure of the cyt:RC complex shows the cyt c(2) (cyt c(2)) positioned at the center of the periplasmic surface of the RC. The exposed heme edge from cyt c(2) is in close tunneling contact with the electron acceptor through an intervening bridging residue, Tyr L162 located on the RC surface directly above the bacteriochlorophyll dimer. The binding interface between the two proteins can be divided into two regions: a short-range interaction domain and a long-range interaction domain. The short-range domain includes residues immediately surrounding the tunneling contact region around the heme and Tyr L162 that display close intermolecular contacts optimized for electron transfer. These include a small number of hydrophobic interactions, hydrogen bonds and a pi-cation interaction. The long-range interaction domain consists of solvated complementary charged residues; positively charged residues from the cyt and negatively charged residues from the RC that provide long range electrostatic interactions that can steer the two proteins into position for rapid association. C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys 0319, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Joint Ctr Struct Genom, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Okamura, MY (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys 0319, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM mokamura@physics.ucsd.edu FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM-1391, GM041637-15] NR 66 TC 32 Z9 38 U1 1 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-8595 J9 PHOTOSYNTH RES JI Photosynth. Res. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 85 IS 1 BP 101 EP 114 DI 10.1007/s11120-005-1368-8 PG 14 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 923GD UT WOS:000228897000008 PM 15977062 ER PT J AU Ross, C Kupper, FC Vreeland, V Waite, H Jacobs, RS AF Ross, C. Kuepper, F. C. Vreeland, V. Waite, H. Jacobs, R. S. TI THE WOUND REPAIR MECHANISM IN THE GIANT UNICELLULAR CHLOROPHYTE DASYCLADUS VERMICULARIS IS A TWO-STAGE PROCESS SO PHYCOLOGIA LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Ross, C.; Kuepper, F. C.; Waite, H.; Jacobs, R. S.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Interdept Program Marine Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Vreeland, V.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Kuepper, F. C.] Scottish Associat Marine Sci, Dunstaffnage Marine Lab, Oban PA37 1QA, Argyll, Scotland. EM fck@sams.ac.uk NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT PHYCOLOGICAL SOC PI LAWRENCE PA NEW BUSINESS OFFICE, PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0031-8884 J9 PHYCOLOGIA JI Phycologia PD JUL PY 2005 VL 44 IS 4 MA 140 BP 59 EP 59 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA V81JZ UT WOS:000205501500141 ER PT J AU Choi, IH Yu, PY AF Choi, IH Yu, PY TI Structural and optical properties of cubic-CdS and hexagonal-CdS thin films grown by MOCVD on GaAs substrates using a single-source precursor C14H30CdN2S4 SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI B-BASIC SOLID STATE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID RAMAN; EPILAYERS; CRYSTALS AB We have grown single-phase thin films of CdS on GaAs substrates. The structure of the CdS film has been determined by X-ray diffraction to be either zincblende or wurtzite depending on whether the orientation of the substrate is [100] or [111]. The films are found to be strained by 1% or less. The quality of the films have also been characterized by temperature dependent photoluminescence (PL) and multiphonon resonant Raman scattering (RRS). The PL spectra are dominated by excitonic emission. The observed peak energies are equal to those reported in bulk CdS within experimental errors. RRS of as many seven longitudinal optical (LO) phonon have been observed. The overall quality of the thin films are found to be comparable to those of bulk CdS samples. (c) 2005 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim. C1 Chung Ang Univ, Dept Phys, Seoul, South Korea. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Yu, PY (reprint author), Chung Ang Univ, Dept Phys, Seoul, South Korea. EM pyyu@lbl.gov RI Schaff, William/B-5839-2009 NR 16 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 7 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0370-1972 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI B JI Phys. Status Solidi B-Basic Solid State Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 242 IS 8 BP 1610 EP 1616 DI 10.1002/pssb.200440040 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 946IE UT WOS:000230564800012 ER PT J AU Panguluri, RP Zeng, CG Weitering, HH Sullivan, JM Erwin, SC Nadgorny, B AF Panguluri, RP Zeng, CG Weitering, HH Sullivan, JM Erwin, SC Nadgorny, B TI Spin polarization and electronic structure of ferromagnetic Mn5Ge3 epilayers SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI B-BASIC SOLID STATE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ANDREEV REFLECTION AB Germanium-based alloys hold great promise for future spintronics applications, due to their potential for integration with conventional Si-based electronics. High-quality single phase Mn5Ge3(0001) films, grown by solid-phase epitaxy on Ge(111) and GaAs(111), exhibit strong ferromagnetism up to the Curie temperature T-c - 296 K. Point Contact Andreev Reflection (PCAR) measurements on Mn5Ge3 epilayers reveal a spin-polarization P = 42 5% for both substrates. We also calculate the spin polarization of bulk Mn5Ge3 in the diffusive and ballistic regimes using density-functional theory (DFT). The measured spin polarization exceeds the theoretical estimates of PDFT = 35 +/- 5% and 10 +/- 5% for the diffusive and ballistic limits, respectively. C1 Wayne State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Naval Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC USA. RP Nadgorny, B (reprint author), Wayne State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. EM nadgorny@physics.wayne.edu RI Erwin, Steven/B-1850-2009 NR 17 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 12 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0370-1972 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI B JI Phys. Status Solidi B-Basic Solid State Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 242 IS 8 BP R67 EP R69 DI 10.1002/pssb.200510030 PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 946IE UT WOS:000230564800001 ER PT J AU Bailey, DH Frolov, AM AF Bailey, DH Frolov, AM TI Positron annihilation in the bipositronium Ps(2) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID EXCITONIC MOLECULE; BINDING-ENERGY; ION AB The (e(-),e(+))-pair annihilation in the bipositronium Ps(2) (or e(-)e(+)e(-)e(+)) is considered. In particular, the two-, three-, one-, and zero-photon annihilation rates are determined to high accuracy. The corresponding analytical expressions for these annihilation rates are also presented. By using our most recent and accurate variational wave functions produced for the ground S(L=0) state of the bipositronium Ps(2) (E=-0.516 003 7754 a.u.) we have found for the two-photon annihilation rate Gamma(2 gamma)approximate to 4.664 24 x 10(9) s(-1), while Gamma(3 gamma)(Ps(2))approximate to 1.2022 x 10(6) s(-1), Gamma(1 gamma)approximate to 1.954 x 10(-1) s(-1), and Gamma(0 gamma)approximate to 2.34 x 10(-9) s(-1). Also, a large number of bound state properties have been determined for this system. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Queens Univ, Dept Phys, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada. RP Bailey, DH (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Mail Stop 50B-2239, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 21 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 EI 1094-1622 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 1 AR 014501 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.72.-14501 PN A-B PG 4 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 950VU UT WOS:000230887300169 ER PT J AU Benredjem, D Moller, C Dubau, J Kuba, J Smith, RF Mosse, C AF Benredjem, D Moller, C Dubau, J Kuba, J Smith, RF Mosse, C TI Modeling of the saturated Ni-like silver x-ray laser SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID LINE-SHAPE CALCULATIONS; BEAM OPTICS; 13.9 NM; GAIN; EXCITATION; IONS AB This paper reports on the modeling of the Ni-like silver transient x-ray laser at the wavelength of 13.9 nm. Time-dependent populations and gain are calculated consistently with the output intensity. Two-dimensional refraction, i.e., in the direction of the driving laser and parallel to the slab target surface, is modeled by a ray trace code which is a postprocessor of a hydrodynamic code. Temperatures and electron-density variations are given by the hydrocode. Our calculations show that interaction of the x-ray laser field with the amplifying medium, and refraction, affect the output intensity and reduce the gain values by a large factor: from many hundreds per cm, as predicted by collisional-radiative models ignoring the above interaction, to one hundred per cm, at most. C1 Univ Paris 11, LIXAM, Ctr Orsay, F-91405 Orsay, France. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Aix Marseille 1, PIIM, Ctr St Jerome, F-13397 Marseille, France. RP Benredjem, D (reprint author), Univ Paris 11, LIXAM, Ctr Orsay, Batiment 350, F-91405 Orsay, France. NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 EI 1094-1622 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 1 AR 013821 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.72.013821 PN A-B PG 8 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 950VU UT WOS:000230887300154 ER PT J AU Jones, S Macek, JH Madison, DH AF Jones, S Macek, JH Madison, DH TI Three-Coulomb-wave Pluvinage model for Compton double ionization of helium in the region of the cross-section maximum SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID SCATTERING AB Double ionization of ground-state helium by the Compton scattering of a photon is calculated using the well-known product of three Coulomb waves (3C) wave function for the final double-continuum state of the atom and the Pluvinage wave function for the initial ground state (also a product of three Coulomb waves). The theoretical model fails to predict both the shape and the overall magnitude of the observed integrated cross section vs incident-photon energy. However, when the monopole part of the electron-photon interaction is removed by an ad hoc procedure, qualitative agreement is obtained, although the absolute size of the cross section is still almost an order of magnitude too large. C1 Univ Missouri, Dept Phys, Lab Atom Mol & Opt Res, Rolla, MO 65409 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Jones, S (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Phys, Lab Atom Mol & Opt Res, Rolla, MO 65409 USA. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 1 AR 012718 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.72.012718 PG 3 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 950VU UT WOS:000230887300098 ER PT J AU Munger, CT AF Munger, CT TI Magnetic Johnson noise constraints on electron electric dipole moment experiments SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article AB Magnetic fields from statistical fluctuations in currents in conducting materials broaden atomic linewidths by the Zeeman effect. The constraints imposed by this broadening on the design of experiments that measure the electric dipole moment of the electron are analyzed. Contrary to the predictions of Lamoreaux [S. K. Lamoreaux, Phys. Rev. A 60, 1717 (1999)], the standard material for high-permeability magnetic shields proves to be as significant a source of broadening as is an ordinary metal. A scheme that would replace this standard material with ferrite is proposed. C1 Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94320 USA. RP Munger, CT (reprint author), Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, 2575 Sand Hill Rd,Mail Stop 59, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM charles@slac.stanford.edu NR 24 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 1 AR 012506 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.72.012506 PG 6 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 950VU UT WOS:000230887300075 ER PT J AU Paz, JP Roncaglia, AJ Saraceno, M AF Paz, JP Roncaglia, AJ Saraceno, M TI Qubits in phase space: Wigner-function approach to quantum-error correction and the mean-king problem SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID STATE DETERMINATION; TOMOGRAPHY AB We analyze and further develop a method to represent the quantum state of a system of n qubits in a phase-space grid of NxN points (where N=2(n)). The method, which was recently proposed by Wootters and co-workers (Gibbons , Phys. Rev. A 70, 062101 (2004).), is based on the use of the elements of the finite field GF(2(n)) to label the phase-space axes. We present a self-contained overview of the method, we give insights into some of its features, and we apply it to investigate problems which are of interest for quantum-information theory: We analyze the phase-space representation of stabilizer states and quantum error-correction codes and present a phase-space solution to the so-called mean king problem. C1 Univ Buenos Aires, Fac Ciencias Exactas & Nat, Dept Fis, RA-1428 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. LANL, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. CNEA, Unidad Actividad Fis, Tandar, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. Univ Nacl San Martin, Escuela Ciencia & Tecnol, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. RP Paz, JP (reprint author), Univ Buenos Aires, Fac Ciencias Exactas & Nat, Dept Fis, Pabellon 1,Ciudad Univ, RA-1428 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. RI Paz, Juan/C-5947-2008 NR 40 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 1 AR 012309 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.72.012309 PG 19 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 950VU UT WOS:000230887300039 ER PT J AU Perebeinos, V Allen, PB Pederson, M AF Perebeinos, V Allen, PB Pederson, M TI Reexamination of the Jahn-Teller instability in C6H6+ and C6H6- SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID LOWER ELECTRONIC STATES; BENZENE CATION; POLYACETYLENE; APPROXIMATION; SIMULATIONS; INTENSITIES; MOLECULES; CONSTANTS AB The benzene cation (C6H6+) has a doublet (e(1g)) ground state in hexagonal ring (D-6h) geometry. Therefore a Jahn-Teller (JT) distortion will lower the energy. The present theoretical study yields a model Huckel-type Hamiltonian that includes an electron-phonon coupling of the e(1g) electronic ground state with the two e(2g) vibrational modes: in-plane ring-bending and C-C bond-stretching. We treat also a third e(2g) C-H bending mode which has less influence. We obtain the electron-phonon couplings from density functional theory which gives a JT energy lowering of 1024 cm(-1) in agreement with previous quantum chemistry calculations. We find a nonadiabatic solution for vibrational spectra and predict frequencies shifts of both the benzene cation and anion. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. USN, Res Lab, Complex Syst Theory Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Perebeinos, V (reprint author), IBM Corp, Div Res, TJ Watson Res Ctr, Yorktown Hts, NY 10598 USA. NR 31 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 1 AR 012501 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.72.012501 PG 6 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 950VU UT WOS:000230887300070 ER PT J AU Pindzola, MS Robicheaux, F Ludlow, JA Colgan, J Griffin, DC AF Pindzola, MS Robicheaux, F Ludlow, JA Colgan, J Griffin, DC TI Electron-impact excitation and ionization of H-2(+) using a configuration-average distorted-wave method SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID HYDROGEN MOLECULE; COLLISIONS; IONS; SCATTERING; PHOTOIONIZATION; HE AB A configuration-average distorted-wave method is developed to calculate electron-impact excitation and ionization cross sections for diatomic molecules and their ions. The method is based on the construction of bound and continuum orbitals on a two-dimensional numerical lattice in (r, theta) center-of-mass polar coordinates. Our first applications are the calculation of 1s sigma -> 2p sigma and 1s sigma -> 2p pi excitation cross sections and 1s sigma ->epsilon l lambda ionization cross sections for H-2(+). Comparisons are made with plane-wave Born, distorted-wave, and R-matrix calculations, as well as experimental measurements. C1 Auburn Univ, Dept Phys, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Rollins Coll, Dept Phys, Winter Pk, FL 32789 USA. RP Pindzola, MS (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Dept Phys, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. RI Robicheaux, Francis/F-4343-2014; OI Robicheaux, Francis/0000-0002-8054-6040; Colgan, James/0000-0003-1045-3858 NR 25 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 1 AR 012716 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.72.012716 PG 6 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 950VU UT WOS:000230887300096 ER PT J AU Ahluwalia, R Lookman, T Saxena, A Cao, WW AF Ahluwalia, R Lookman, T Saxena, A Cao, WW TI Domain-size dependence of piezoelectric properties of ferroelectrics SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID TITANATE SINGLE-CRYSTALS; BARIUM-TITANATE AB The domain-size dependence of the piezoelectric properties of ferroelectrics is investigated using a continuum Ginzburg-Landau model that incorporates long-range elastic and electrostatic interactions. Microstructures with the desired domain sizes are created by quenching from the paraelectric phase by biasing the initial conditions. Three different two-dimensional microstructures with different sizes of the 90 degrees domains are simulated. An electric field is applied along the polar as well as nonpolar directions and the piezoelectric response is simulated as a function of domain size for both cases. The simulations show that the piezoelectric coefficients are enhanced by reducing the domain size, consistent with recent experimental results of Wada and Tsurumi [Br. Ceram. Trans. 103, 93 (2004)] on domain-engineered BaTiO3 single crystals. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Penn State Univ, Inst Mat Res, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Math, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Ahluwalia, R (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Cao, Wenwu/F-6091-2012 OI Cao, Wenwu/0000-0002-2447-1486 NR 17 TC 67 Z9 69 U1 1 U2 36 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 1 AR 014112 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.014112 PG 13 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 950WQ UT WOS:000230889800056 ER PT J AU Albao, MA Evans, MMR Nogami, J Zorn, D Gordon, MS Evans, JW AF Albao, MA Evans, MMR Nogami, J Zorn, D Gordon, MS Evans, JW TI Monotonically decreasing size distributions for one-dimensional Ga rows on Si(100) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; THIN-FILM GROWTH; MEDIATED ISLAND GROWTH; CRITICAL CLUSTER-SIZE; EPITAXIAL-GROWTH; NUCLEATION; DIFFUSION; SURFACES; SI(001); MODEL AB Deposition at room temperature of Ga on Si(100) produces single-atom-wide metal rows orthogonal to the Si-dimer rows. Detailed analysis using scanning tunneling microscopy reveals a monotonically decreasing size (i.e., length) distribution for these rows. This is unexpected for homogeneous nucleation without desorption, conditions which are operative in this system. Kinetic Monte Carlo simulation of an appropriate atomistic model indicates that this behavior is primarily a consequence of the feature that the capture of diffusing atoms is greatly inhibited in the Ga/Si(100) system. The modeling also determines activation barriers for anisotropic terrace diffusion, and recovers the experimental distribution of metal rows. In addition, we analyze a variety of other generic deposition models and determine that the propensity for a large population of small islands in general reflects an enhanced nucleation rate relative to the aggregation rate. C1 US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys & Astron, Eau Claire, WI 54702 USA. Univ Toronto, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Toronto, ON M5S 3E4, Canada. Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Math, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Albao, MA (reprint author), US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. OI Nogami, Jun/0000-0002-4758-0546 NR 40 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 3 AR 035426 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.035426 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 950WU UT WOS:000230890200170 ER PT J AU Aryanpour, K Moreno, J Jarrell, M Fishman, RS AF Aryanpour, K Moreno, J Jarrell, M Fishman, RS TI Magnetism in semiconductors: A dynamical mean-field study of ferromagnetism in Ga1-xMnxAs SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID CORRELATED ELECTRON-SYSTEMS; III-V SEMICONDUCTORS; TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; DIMENSIONS; LATTICE; MODEL; D=INFINITY; (GA,MN)AS; FERMIONS; LIMIT AB We employ the dynamical mean-field approximation to perform a systematic study of magnetism in Ga1-xMnxAs. Our model incorporates the effects of the strong spin-orbit coupling on the J=3/2 GaAs valence bands and of the exchange interaction between the randomly distributed magnetic ions and the itinerant holes. The ferromagnetic phase transition temperature T-c is obtained for different values of the impurity-hole coupling J(c) and of the hole concentration n(h) at the Mn doping of x=0.05. We also investigate the temperature dependence of the local magnetization and spin polarization of the holes. By comparing our results with those for a single band Hamiltonian, we conclude that the spin-orbit coupling in Ga1-xMnxAs gives rise to frustration in the ferromagnetic order, strengthening recent findings by Zarand and Janko [Phys. Rev. Lett. 89, 047201 (2002)]. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Clemson Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Dept Phys, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Aryanpour, K (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RI Moreno, Juana/D-5882-2012; Fishman, Randy/C-8639-2013 NR 35 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 4 AR 045343 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.045343 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 950WV UT WOS:000230890300126 ER PT J AU Bailey, WE Russek, SE Zhang, XG Butler, WH AF Bailey, WE Russek, SE Zhang, XG Butler, WH TI Experimental separability of channeling giant magnetoresistance in Co/Cu/Co SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SPIN-VALVES; MULTILAYERS; SCATTERING; BULK; TRANSPORT AB The magnitude of the electronic channeling contribution is a significant open issue in the understanding of giant magnetoresistance (GMR). We show that for the technologically important system Co/Cu/Co, channeling GMR can be isolated and quantified experimentally through measurement in the limit of rapid surface diffuse scattering. First-principles based Boltzmann transport calculations are compared with experimental in situ magnetoconductance data, which support the possibility of a significant contribution from channeling. Cyclic control of atomic-scale surface roughness, applied during in situ measurement, will enable a quantitative estimate of the channeling contribution. C1 Columbia Univ, Mat Sci Program, Dept Appl Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Bailey, WE (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Mat Sci Program, Dept Appl Phys, 500 W 120th St, New York, NY 10027 USA. EM web54@columbia.edu NR 14 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 1 AR 012409 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.012409 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 950WQ UT WOS:000230889800018 ER PT J AU Bangura, AF Coldea, AI Singleton, J Ardavan, A Akutsu-Sato, A Akutsu, H Turner, SS Day, P Yamamoto, T Yakushi, K AF Bangura, AF Coldea, AI Singleton, J Ardavan, A Akutsu-Sato, A Akutsu, H Turner, SS Day, P Yamamoto, T Yakushi, K TI Robust superconducting state in the low-quasiparticle-density organic metals beta(')-(BEDT-TTF)(4)[(H3O)M(C2O4)(3)]center dot Y: Superconductivity due to proximity to a charge-ordered state SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID BEDT-TTF BIS(ETHYLENE-DITHIO)TETRATHIAFULVALENE; HIGH MAGNETIC-FIELDS; TRANSFER SALTS; FERMI-SURFACE; CRITICAL-TEMPERATURE; MOLECULAR-METALS; MOTT TRANSITION; MAGNETORESISTANCE; KAPPA-(BEDT-TTF)(2)CU(NCS)(2); PRESSURE AB We report magnetotransport measurements on the quasi-two-dimensional charge-transfer salts beta(')-(BEDT-TTF)(4)[(H3O)M(C2O4)(3)]Y, with Y=C6H5NO2 and C6H5CN using magnetic fields of up to 45 T and temperatures down to 0.5 K. A surprisingly robust superconducting state with an in-plane upper critical field B-c2 parallel to approximate to 33 T, comparable to the highest critical field of any BEDT-TTF superconductor, and critical temperature T-c approximate to 7 K is observed when M=Ga and Y=C6H5NO2. The presence of magnetic M ions reduces the in-plane upper critical field to approximate to 18 T for M=Cr and Y=C6H5NO2 and M=Fe and Y=C6H5CN. Prominent Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations are observed at low temperatures and high magnetic fields, showing that the superconducting salts possess Fermi surfaces with one or two small quasi-two-dimensional pockets, their total area comprising less than or similar to 6% of the room-temperature Brillouin zone; the quasiparticle effective masses were found to be enhanced when the ion M was magnetic (Fe or Cr). The low effective masses and quasiparticle densities, and the systematic variation of the properties of the beta(')-(BEDT-TTF)(4)[(H3O)M(C2O4)(3)]Y salts with unit-cell volume points to the possibility of a superconducting groundstate with a charge-fluctuation-mediated superconductivity mechanism such as that proposed by Merino and McKenzie [Phys. Rev. Lett. 87, 237002 (2001)], rather than the spin-fluctuation mechanism appropriate for the kappa-(BEDT-TTF)(2)X salts. C1 Univ Oxford, Clarendon Lab, Oxford OX1 3PU, England. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. UCL Royal Inst Great Britain, Davy Faraday Res Lab, London W1X 4BS, England. Inst Mol Sci, Okazaki, Aichi 4448585, Japan. RP Univ Oxford, Clarendon Lab, Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3PU, England. RI Coldea, Amalia/C-1106-2013 NR 46 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 1 AR 014543 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.014543 PG 13 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 950WQ UT WOS:000230889800198 ER PT J AU Bartolome, E Granados, X Palau, A Puig, T Obradors, X Navau, C Pardo, E Sanchez, A Claus, H AF Bartolome, E Granados, X Palau, A Puig, T Obradors, X Navau, C Pardo, E Sanchez, A Claus, H TI Magnetization and critical current of finite superconducting YBa2Cu3O7 rings SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID TRANSPORT CURRENTS; AC SUSCEPTIBILITY; MAPPING SYSTEM; CERAMIC RINGS; HIGH-TC; FIELD; DISKS; SAMPLES AB The irreversible magnetization of finite melt-textured YBa2Cu3O7 rings in perpendicular applied fields, affected by demagnetizing effects, is presented. The influence of the ring aspect ratio on the initial flux penetration and magnetization loops is studied by Hall probe and SQUID magnetometry. A general methodology based on the critical state model is developed in order to determine the critical current density from the field of full penetration H-pen in finite rings. We demonstrate that due to the field dependence of the critical current, the full penetration field H-pen of a finite ring does not coincide in general with the "kink" appearing in the initial magnetization curve. However, under certain conditions [very thin/narrow rings, or weak J(c)(H) dependence] the two fields collapse, and the critical current density can then be easily determined from the "kink" in the initial magnetization curve. In this latter situation, we develop an expression to determine the critical current density from the magnetic field measured at the center of the ring by Hall probe magnetometry. C1 CSIC, Inst Ciencia Mat Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain. Escola Univ Salesiana Sarria, Barcelona 08017, Spain. Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Dept Fis, Grp Electromagnetisme, Bellaterra 08193, Spain. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Bartolome, E (reprint author), CSIC, Inst Ciencia Mat Barcelona, Campus UA Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain. RI Sanchez, Alvaro/C-7041-2008; Obradors, Xavier/A-8146-2012; Palau, Anna/C-2947-2014; Pardo, Enric/A-7566-2008; Puig, Teresa/O-1077-2013; Navau, Carles/O-9936-2015 OI Sanchez, Alvaro/0000-0002-2988-0289; Palau, Anna/0000-0002-2217-164X; Pardo, Enric/0000-0002-6375-4227; Puig, Teresa/0000-0002-1873-0488; Navau, Carles/0000-0003-4763-5305 NR 39 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 2 AR 024523 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.024523 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 950WT UT WOS:000230890100142 ER PT J AU Baskes, MI Lawson, AC Valone, SM AF Baskes, MI Lawson, AC Valone, SM TI Lattice vibrations in delta-plutonium: Molecular dynamics calculation SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID EMBEDDED-ATOM METHOD; PU; TEMPERATURES; EQUILIBRIUM; IMPURITIES; POTENTIALS; DEFECTS; METAL; GA AB Analysis of previous experimental neutron diffraction measurements has shown that the amplitude of lattice vibrations in delta-Pu alloys increases more rapidly than linearly with temperature. Using a recently developed Modified Embedded Atom Method (MEAM) potential for the Pu-Ga system, molecular dynamics (MD) calculations show an almost linear increase of the lattice vibrations with temperature. However, these same MD calculations show that the predicted neutron diffraction peak intensities vary with temperature in a nonlinear fashion similar to experiment. By using two MEAM models of Pu, the first including both itinerant and localized f-electron behavior and the second, identical to the first, but with the itinerant f-electron behavior suppressed, this non-Debye behavior is shown to arise directly from the Pu itinerant f-electrons in the model and the resultant metastability of delta-Pu. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Baskes, MI (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 32 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 14 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 1 AR 014129 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.014129 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 950WQ UT WOS:000230889800073 ER PT J AU Batista, CD Nussinov, Z AF Batista, CD Nussinov, Z TI Generalized Elitzur's theorem and dimensional reductions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID UNIFORMLY FRUSTRATED SYSTEM; BLOCK COPOLYMER MELTS; SPIN SYSTEMS; PHASE; MODELS; ORDER; ANTIFERROMAGNETISM; MAGNETISM; GLASSES AB We extend Elitzur's theorem to systems with symmetries intermediate between global and local. In general, our theorem formalizes the idea of dimensional reduction. We apply the results of this generalization to many systems that are of current interest. These include liquid crystalline phases of quantum Hall systems, orbital systems, geometrically frustrated spin lattices, Bose metals, and models of superconducting arrays. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Washington Univ, Dept Phys, St Louis, MO 63160 USA. RP Batista, CD (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Batista, Cristian/J-8008-2016 NR 55 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 4 AR 045137 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.045137 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 950WV UT WOS:000230890300053 ER PT J AU Belesi, M Lascialfari, A Procissi, D Jang, ZH Borsa, F AF Belesi, M Lascialfari, A Procissi, D Jang, ZH Borsa, F TI Proton NMR wipeout effect due to slow fluctuations of the magnetization in single molecule magnets SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID HIGH-SPIN MOLECULES; GROUND-STATE SPINS; MN12O12 ACETATE; MU-SR; CLUSTER; RELAXATION; RESONANCE; HYSTERESIS; DYNAMICS; CRYSTAL AB We report a detailed H-1 NMR study on the spin dynamics of single molecule magnets as a function of temperature and external magnetic field. A gradual loss of the H-1 NMR signal intensity (wipeout effect) is observed on decreasing the temperature for all the investigated ferromagnetic clusters. This effect is accompanied by a simultaneous enhancement of the spin-spin and spin-lattice relaxation rate T-2(-1) and T-1(-1), respectively. The complications entered in the interpretation of the signal loss by the wipeout effect are overcome, and the information about the spin dynamics is retrieved, by implementing a simple and intuitive model that captures the main physical characteristics of the problem and reveals a universal behavior of the spin dynamics for all the clusters. According to our analysis the origin of the wipeout effect as well as the enhancement of the relaxation rates T-1(-1) and T-2(-1) in the FM clusters is related to a decrease of the lifetime broadening parameter of the magnetic energy levels, down to the range of the H-1 Larmor frequency. The temperature dependence of the lifetime broadening can be described at intermediate temperatures by a power law dependence on T similar to that observed in antifferomagnetic rings. C1 Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Univ Pavia, Dipartimento Fis A Volta, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Univ Pavia, Unita INFM, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Kookmin Univ, Dept Phys, Seoul, South Korea. RP Belesi, M (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM belesi@ameslab.gov RI Belesi, Maria Eleni/A-5717-2009 NR 39 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 1 AR 014440 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.014440 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 950WQ UT WOS:000230889800128 ER PT J AU Blum, V Zunger, A AF Blum, V Zunger, A TI Prediction of ordered structures in the bcc binary systems of Mo, Nb, Ta, and W from first-principles search of approximately 3,000,000 possible configurations SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; TRANSITION-METAL ALLOYS; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; INTERMETALLIC COMPOUNDS; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; STABILITY DIAGRAM; BASIS-SET AB We predict ground states of the refractory alloys Nb-Mo, Nb-W, Ta-Mo, and Ta-W by combining first-principles calculated energies of the order of 50 configurations for each system with a "mixed-basis cluster expansion," whose interaction types are chosen with a genetic algorithm search. We find ground states that deviate substantially from the simplified predictions in the literature. These ground states are linked to relatively complex underlying interactions, leading to substantially lower order-disorder transition temperatures than would be expected from simple interaction models, consistent with the extent of the experimentally observed bcc solid solution phases. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Max Planck Gesell, Fritz Haber Inst, Faradayweg 4-6, D-14195 Berlin, Germany. RI Zunger, Alex/A-6733-2013; Blum, Volker/J-6591-2012 OI Blum, Volker/0000-0001-8660-7230 NR 38 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 2 AR 020104 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.020104 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 950WT UT WOS:000230890100004 ER PT J AU Caha, O Mikulik, P Novak, J Holy, V Moss, SC Norman, A Mascarenhas, A Reno, JL Krause, B AF Caha, O Mikulik, P Novak, J Holy, V Moss, SC Norman, A Mascarenhas, A Reno, JL Krause, B TI Spontaneous lateral modulation in short-period superlattices investigated by grazing-incidence X-ray diffraction SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID STRAINED-LAYER SUPERLATTICES; MORPHOLOGY; CRYSTALS; DEFECTS; GROWTH AB The process of spontaneous lateral composition modulation in short-period InAs/AlAs superlattices has been investigated by grazing-incidence x-ray diffraction. We have developed a theoretical description of x-ray scattering from laterally modulated structures that makes it possible to determine the lateral composition modulation directly without assuming any structure model. From experimental intensity distributions in reciprocal space we have determined the amplitudes of the modulation and its degree of periodicity and their dependence on the number of superlattice periods. From the data it follows that the modulation process cannot be explained by bunching of monolayer steps and most likely, it is caused by stress-driven morphological instabilities of the growing surface. C1 Masaryk Univ, Inst Condensed Matter Phys, CS-61137 Brno, Czech Republic. Charles Univ, Dept Elect Struct, Prague, Czech Republic. Univ Houston, Dept Phys, Houston, TX 77204 USA. Univ Houston, Texas Ctr Superconduct & Adv Mat, Houston, TX 77204 USA. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, F-38043 Grenoble, France. RP Caha, O (reprint author), Masaryk Univ, Inst Condensed Matter Phys, Kotlarska 2, CS-61137 Brno, Czech Republic. RI Norman, Andrew/F-1859-2010; Mikulik, Petr/E-1791-2012; Caha, Ondrej/E-4716-2012; Novak, Jiri/I-1808-2013; Holy, Vaclav/E-1508-2017 OI Norman, Andrew/0000-0001-6368-521X; Novak, Jiri/0000-0003-4664-746X; Holy, Vaclav/0000-0002-0370-6928 NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 3 AR 035313 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.035313 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 950WU UT WOS:000230890200112 ER PT J AU Calzolari, A Buongiorno Nardelli, M AF Calzolari, A Buongiorno Nardelli, M TI First principles theory of artificial metal chains on NiAl(110) surface - art. no. 045146 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SCANNING TUNNELING MICROSCOPE; GOLD ATOMS; RIPPLED RELAXATION; BAND-STRUCTURE; CONDUCTANCE; MOLECULE; STATES; PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; SPECTROSCOPY; SCATTERING AB Using first-principle calculations we have studied the stable phases of metal-atom chains on the (110) surface of NiAl. Our investigation is mainly focused on the technologically relevant case of Au chains, but the results will be analyzed in the broader framework of a family of metallic systems. We demonstrate that the nature of the adatom (Au, Mn, Ni, Cu, Al, H, C, Na, K, and Ca) is responsible for different levels of interaction with the substrate and gives rise to a variety of electronic behaviors. With some transition metals (such as Au, Mn, Ni, and Cu) the NiAl surface acts as a simple structural template for the formation of the artificial one-dimensional system and does not affect the electronic properties of the chains. With other atomic species (H, C, Na, K, and Ca) we observe substantially different couplings and stronger interactions. We demonstrate that the different electronic properties of the various adatoms are responsible for different couplings with the substrate and compare our findings with the existing experimental results. Finally, in the case of Au chains we have investigated the role of adatom-adatom interactions in the formation of such one-dimensional structures. C1 Univ Modena, INFM, Natl Res Ctr Nanostruct & Biosyst Surfaces, I-41100 Modena, Italy. Univ Modena, Dipartimento Fis, I-41100 Modena, Italy. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Ctr High Performance Simulat, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, CCS CSM, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Calzolari, A (reprint author), Univ Modena, INFM, Natl Res Ctr Nanostruct & Biosyst Surfaces, I-41100 Modena, Italy. RI Calzolari, Arrigo/B-8448-2015 OI Calzolari, Arrigo/0000-0002-0244-7717 NR 56 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 4 AR 045416 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.045416 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 950WV UT WOS:000230890300155 ER PT J AU Chan, TL Wang, CZ Lu, ZY Ho, KM AF Chan, TL Wang, CZ Lu, ZY Ho, KM TI A first-principles study of Group IV dimer chains on Si(100) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; SI AD-DIMERS; HOMOEPITAXIAL GROWTH; SURFACE-DIFFUSION; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; SI(001) SURFACE; ELECTRON-GAS; DYNAMICS; PB; NUCLEATION AB First-principles calculations of Pb and Sn dimer chains on Si(100) are performed up to 0.5 ML coverage, including the possibility of mixed PbSi and SnSi dimer chains. Simulated STM images for pure Pb and Sn dimer chains are found to have a better agreement with experimental observations. In order to understand whether the STM images are influenced by the dynamics of the dimer chains, we have studied the rocking barriers of dimer chains on Si(100). The rocking frequencies of Pb dimer chains are found to be small, therefore the dynamics of the Pb dimer chain will have little effects on the STM images. However, a dynamical effect may have to be taken into account for Sn dimer chains due to their higher rocking frequency. We have also studied the tendency of intermixing of Ge, Pb, and Sn with Si on a Si(100) surface. Our analysis shows that the formation of mixed dimers depends on the source of Si atoms available for Pb and Sn to carry out the intermixing. Mixed dimer chains are energetically more favorable than the pure dimer chains only when Si atoms are codeposited with Pb or Sn, or the dimer chains are formed near step edges of the Si(100) substrate. A mechanism similar to Ge intermixing with Si on Si(100) is not favored by Pb and Sn, and there is a lack of a favorable channel for Pb and Sn to intermix with Si to form mixed dimers when Si is not deposited epitaxially in experiments, which can hinder the formation of PbSi and SnSi dimer chains. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Theoret Phys, Beijing 100080, Peoples R China. RP Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RI 上官, 敏慧/E-8964-2012 NR 37 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 4 AR 045405 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.045405 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 950WV UT WOS:000230890300144 ER PT J AU Cheng, RH Guslienko, KY Fradin, FY Pearson, JE Ding, HF Li, DQ Bader, SD AF Cheng, RH Guslienko, KY Fradin, FY Pearson, JE Ding, HF Li, DQ Bader, SD TI Step-decorated ferromagnetic Fe nanostripes on Pt(997) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC-ANISOTROPY; TRANSITION-METALS; W(110) SURFACES; ULTRATHIN FE; FILMS; NANOSTRUCTURES; ANTIFERROMAGNETISM; PERCOLATION; MONOLAYER; CU(111) AB We investigate the step decoration growth and magnetic properties of Fe grown on a Pt(997) vicinal single crystal by means of reflection high energy electron diffraction (RHEED), scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), and the surface magneto-optical Kerr effect (SMOKE). Pt(997) has 2 nm wide, (111)-oriented terraces separated by ordered, monoatomic steps along the [1 (1) over bar0] direction. The Fe is grown at room temperature as wedges with thickness ranging from 0 to 4 monolayers (ML). RHEED and STM show that Fe stripes form at low coverage due to step decoration. SMOKE data taken along a wedge indicate that the Fe is ferromagnetic above 0.2 ML with its magnetic easy axis canted from surface normal direction. As temperature is increased near the Curie temperature, there is an irreversible spin reorientation to the perpendicular out-of-plane direction. The canting can be understood as arising from a competition between an in-plane, step-induced magnetic anisotropy and a perpendicular surface anisotropy associated with extended terraces due to the polarization of the proximal Pt. Above 1.7 ML the perpendicular easy axis reorients to in-plane, along the step direction, due to the dominance of the shape anisotropy. The magnetic anisotropy energy is extracted by fitting the temperature dependence of the coercivity data. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Bader, Samuel/A-2995-2013; Ding, haifeng/B-4221-2010 OI Ding, haifeng/0000-0001-7524-0779 NR 36 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 1 AR 014409 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.014409 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 950WQ UT WOS:000230889800097 ER PT J AU Christianson, AD Lawrence, JM Zarestky, JL Suzuki, HS Thompson, JD Hundley, MF Sarrao, JL Booth, CH Antonio, D Cornelius, AL AF Christianson, AD Lawrence, JM Zarestky, JL Suzuki, HS Thompson, JD Hundley, MF Sarrao, JL Booth, CH Antonio, D Cornelius, AL TI Antiferromagnetism in Pr3In SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SINGLET-GROUND-STATE; PR3TL AB We present neutron diffraction, magnetic susceptibility and specific heat data for a single-crystal sample of the cubic (Cu3Au structure) compound Pr3In. Antiferromagnetic order occurs below T-N=12 K with propagation vector (0,0,0.5 +/-delta) where delta approximate to 1/12. The neutron diffraction results can be approximated with a model where the moments in each of the three Pr sublattices form ferromagnetic sheets perpendicular to and alternating in sign along the propagation direction, with a 12-unit-cell square-wave modulation. The very small specific heat anomaly that we observe at T-N=12 K may be a consequence of the fact that the ordered moment is induced in the Gamma(1) singlet when T < T-N. The magnetic susceptibility indicates that in addition to the antiferromagnetic transition at 12 K, there may be a transition near 70 K below which there is a very small remnant magnetization (0.005 mu(B)). C1 Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Natl Inst Mat Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050047, Japan. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. RP Christianson, AD (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. RI Booth, Corwin/A-7877-2008; Cornelius, Andrew/A-9837-2008; christianson, andrew/A-3277-2016 OI christianson, andrew/0000-0003-3369-5884 NR 11 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 2 AR 024402 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.024402 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 950WT UT WOS:000230890100061 ER PT J AU Christie, JK Guthrie, M Tulk, CA Benmore, CJ Klug, DD Taraskin, SN Elliott, SR AF Christie, JK Guthrie, M Tulk, CA Benmore, CJ Klug, DD Taraskin, SN Elliott, SR TI Modeling the atomic structure of very high-density amorphous ice SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; PRESSURE; WATER; TRANSITION; SOLIDS; LIQUID; ORDER AB The structure of very high-density amorphous (VHDA) ice has been modeled by positionally disordering three crystalline phases, namely ice IV, VI, and XII. These phases were chosen because only they are stable or metastable in the region of the ice phase diagram where VHDA ice is formed, and their densities are comparable to that of VHDA ice. An excellent fit to the medium range of the experimentally observed pair-correlation function g(r) of VHDA ice was obtained by introducing disorder into the positions of the H2O molecules, as well as small amounts of molecular rotational disorder, disorder in the O-H bond lengths and disorder in the H-O-H bond angles. The low-k behavior of the experimental structure factor, S(k), is also very well reproduced by this disordered-crystal model. The fraction of each phase present in the best-fit disordered model is very close to that observed in the probable crystallization products of VHDA ice. In particular, only negligible amounts of ice IV are predicted, in accordance with the experimental observation. C1 Univ Cambridge, Dept Chem, Cambridge CB2 1EW, England. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Spallat Neutron Source, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Natl Res Council Canada, Ottawa, ON KA1 0R6, Canada. RP Univ Cambridge, Dept Chem, Lensfield Rd, Cambridge CB2 1EW, England. EM jkc25@cam.ac.uk RI Christie, Jamieson/C-1516-2009; Guthrie, Malcolm/K-3099-2012; Tulk, Chris/R-6088-2016; OI Tulk, Chris/0000-0003-3400-3878; Christie, Jamieson/0000-0001-6105-561X; Benmore, Chris/0000-0001-7007-7749 NR 24 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 1 AR 012201 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.012201 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 950WQ UT WOS:000230889800003 ER PT J AU Controzzi, D Tsvelik, AM AF Controzzi, D Tsvelik, AM TI Excitation spectrum of doped two-leg ladders: A field theory analysis SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SPIN-ORBITAL MODEL; BETHE-ANSATZ SOLUTION; 2 DIMENSIONS; S-MATRIX; INTEGRABLE MODELS; SYMMETRY-BREAKING; PHASE-DIAGRAM; FIXED-POINTS; FERMI-LIQUID; SR14CU24O41 AB xWe apply quantum field theory to study the excitation spectrum of doped two-leg ladders. It follows from our analysis that throughout most of the phase diagram the spectrum consists of degenerate quartets of kinks and antikinks and a multiplet of vector particles split according to the symmetry of the problem as 3+2+1. This basic picture experiences corrections when one moves through the phase diagram. In some regions the splitting may become very small and in others it is so large that some multiplets are pushed in the continuum and become unstable. At second-order transition lines masses of certain particles vanish. Very close to the first-order transition line additional generations of particles emerge. Strong interactions in some sectors may generate additional bound states (like breathers) in the asymmetric charge sector. We briefly describe the properties of various correlation functions in different phases. C1 Sch Adv Int Studies, I-34014 Trieste, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-34014 Trieste, Italy. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Sch Adv Int Studies, Via Beirut 4, I-34014 Trieste, Italy. NR 68 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 3 AR 035110 DI 10.1103/PhysRev.72.035110 PG 21 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 950WU UT WOS:000230890200061 ER PT J AU Correa, VF Okraku, WE Betts, JB Migliori, A Sarrao, JL Lacerda, AH AF Correa, VF Okraku, WE Betts, JB Migliori, A Sarrao, JL Lacerda, AH TI High-magnetic-field thermal expansion and elastic properties of CeRhIn5 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; CEIRIN5 AB We report high-magnetic-field thermal expansion and magnetostriction results on CeRhIn5 single crystals. Several phase transitions, both first and second order, are observed when the field is applied perpendicular to the crystallographic c axis. The magnetic field dependence of the thermal-expansion coefficient above 15 K, where the magnetic correlations are negligible, can be explained supposing an almost pure vertical bar +/- 5/2 > ground state doublet, in apparent contradiction with neutron scattering experiments. Although the spin-lattice interaction is relevant in this compound, the effect of the magnetic correlations on the elastic properties is relatively weak, as revealed by resonant ultrasound spectroscopy experiments. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Occidental Coll, Los Angeles, CA 90041 USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 1 AR 012407 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.012407 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 950WQ UT WOS:000230889800016 ER PT J AU Ding, HF Schmid, AK Keavney, DJ Li, D Cheng, R Pearson, JE Fradin, FY Bader, SD AF Ding, HF Schmid, AK Keavney, DJ Li, D Cheng, R Pearson, JE Fradin, FY Bader, SD TI Selective growth of Co nanoislands on an oxygen-patterned Ru(0001) surface SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID METAL-SURFACES; FILMS; NANOSTRUCTURES; OXIDATION; MAGNETISM; STRIPES; CHAINS; FE AB We present a combined low energy electron microscopy and photoemission electron microscopy study of Co nanoislands grown on pure and partially oxidized Ru(0001) surfaces at 650-850 K. When Co is deposited on pure Ru(0001) at the temperature above approximate to 700 K, it first forms a wetting monolayer and then Co nanoislands abruptly nucleate. Partial oxidization of the clean Ru(0001) surface gives rise to large rhombus-shaped Ru-O patches (of 10 mu m scale). On this surface at approximate to 730 K the Co islands form with different density in the Ru and Ru-O regions, and at approximate to 800 K the Co islands only grow in the pure Ru regions. We attribute this selectivity to differences in the temperature dependence of the sticking coefficients for Co on the pure Ru and Ru-O regions. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Argonne Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM hfding@gmail.com RI Bader, Samuel/A-2995-2013; Ding, haifeng/B-4221-2010 OI Ding, haifeng/0000-0001-7524-0779 NR 31 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 3 AR 035413 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.035413 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 950WU UT WOS:000230890200157 ER PT J AU Drymiotis, FR Lashley, JC Kimura, T Lawes, G Smith, JL Thoma, DJ Fisher, RA Phillips, NE Mudryk, Y Pecharsky, VK Moya, X Planes, A AF Drymiotis, FR Lashley, JC Kimura, T Lawes, G Smith, JL Thoma, DJ Fisher, RA Phillips, NE Mudryk, Y Pecharsky, VK Moya, X Planes, A TI Specific heat of single-crystal HfV2: Strong-coupling conventional superconductivity and the effect of the martensitic transition SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; ELASTIC PROPERTIES; LOW-TEMPERATURES; TOTAL-ENERGY; PHASE; TA; NB; TRANSFORMATION; STATE; ZRV2 AB Specific-heat (C) measurements on single crystals of HfV2 were made from 1 to 150 K in magnetic fields (B) to 14 T applied along the [110] axis. The type-II superconductor HfV2 has a martensitic transition at T-M similar to 118 K and becomes superconducting at T-c similar to 8 to 9 K. Specific heats are thermal-history dependent and T-c increases following repeated cooling cycles from ambient temperature through T-M. This progression is probably related to an incomplete structural transition from cubic-to-orthorhombic symmetry at T-M and the related strains that are produced. Differential scanning calorimetry through T-M had a hysteresis of similar to 1 K related to cooling and warming cycles between 90 and 140 K with no other effect on the martensitic transition. An x-ray determination of phase contents for one sample was used to establish a ratio (similar to 1:10) of cubic-to-orthorhombic phases below T-M. Both phases are superconducting, but only a sharp, anomaly is observed at T-c, which can be rationalized if both phases have nearly identical T-c's. From fits to the specific heat above T-c, a representative derived Debye temperature (Theta(D)), characterizing the low-temperature lattice specific heat, is 177 K. At T-c the ratio Delta C(T-c)/gamma T-c=2.07, with T-c=8.00 K and gamma=42.1 mJ K-2 mol(-1), is representative of the specific-heat measurements and indicates strong coupling. This ratio is nearly independent of variations in T-c and C associated with repeated cooling from ambient temperature through T-M. The conventional superconducting state specific heat can be fitted with the alpha model for strong coupling using an energy gap Delta(0)/k(B)T(c)=2.1. It has an associated electron-phonon coupling constant lambda=1.45. Both parameters are similar to those for the type-I superconductor Pb. In the normal state the Sommerfeld constant (gamma) depends on the thermal history, with a general increase as T-c increases. For B > 0 the superconducting anomaly shifts to lower temperatures and the Sommerfeld constant in the vortex state (gamma(v)) is linear in B with values and slopes that depend on the thermal history. Extrapolating gamma(v)(B) vs B to gamma yields upper critical fields (B-c2) ranging from 29 to 35 T. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Univ Barcelona, Dept Estructura & Constituents Mat, E-08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. RP Drymiotis, FR (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Planes, Antoni/O-1904-2015 OI Planes, Antoni/0000-0001-5213-5714 NR 39 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 2 AR 024543 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.024543 PG 13 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 950WT UT WOS:000230890100162 ER PT J AU Erdin, S AF Erdin, S TI London study of vortex states in a superconducting film due to a magnetic dot SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ARRAY AB Here we report a study of vortex states in a thin superconducting film with a magnetic dot grown upon it by means of a method based on London-Maxwell equations. Vortices with a single quantum flux (Phi(0) = hc/2e), giant vortices (vortices with multiple flux), as well as antivortices (vortices with negative vorticity) are taken into consideration. It turns out that giant vortices occur when the dot's size is sufficiently smaller (R <= 4.5 xi) than the effective penetration depth Lambda. In the case of a dot with sufficiently large size (R >= 6 xi), the vortices with a single quantum flux dominate the vortex states. Their geometrical patterns are predicted up to seven vortices. Our calculations do not show the spontaneous appearance of antivortices. C1 No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Erdin, S (reprint author), No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. RI Erdin, Serkan/B-4988-2008 OI Erdin, Serkan/0000-0001-6587-2625 NR 22 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 1 AR 014522 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.014522 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 950WQ UT WOS:000230889800177 ER PT J AU Ertekin, E Chrzan, DC AF Ertekin, E Chrzan, DC TI Ideal torsional strengths and stiffnesses of carbon nanotubes SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; WAVE BASIS-SET; SHEAR AB The ideal torsional strengths of a class of carbon nanotubes, and the torsional stiffnesses of all carbon nanotubes are computed using a novel combination of an ab initio electronic structure total energy technique and a physically motivated scaling form. The specific torsional strengths of multi-walled tubes are predicted to exceed those of steel by approximately a factor of 20. Closed-form expressions that bound the torsional stiffnesses are also presented. The predictions of the theory give excellent agreement with available experimental data. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Ertekin, E (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM dcchrzan@berkeley.edu RI Ertekin, Elif/D-6764-2013 NR 17 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 4 U2 8 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 4 AR 045425 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.045425 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 950WV UT WOS:000230890300164 ER PT J AU Evans, MH Joannopoulos, JD Pantelides, ST AF Evans, MH Joannopoulos, JD Pantelides, ST TI Electronic and mechanical properties of planar and tubular boron structures SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID CARBON NANOTUBES; AB-INITIO; NANOWIRES; TEMPERATURE; COMPOSITES; PRESSURE; DYNAMICS; SYSTEMS AB We report the results of first-principles calculations showing that boron can form a wide variety of metastable planar and tubular forms with unusual electronic and mechanical properties. The preferred planar structure is a buckled triangular lattice that breaks the threefold ground state degeneracy of the flat triangular plane. When the plane is rolled into a tube, the ground state degeneracy leads to a strong chirality dependence of the binding energy and elastic response, an unusual property that is not found in carbon nanotubes. The achiral (n,0) tubes derive their structure from the flat triangular plane. The achiral (n,n) boron nanotubes arise from the buckled plane, and have large cohesive energies and different structures as a result. (n,n) boron nanotubes have an internal relaxation mechanism that results in a very low Poisson ratio. The strong variation in elastic properties of boron nanotubes makes them the mechanical analogue of carbon nanotubes, and may make them ideal candidates for applications in composite materials and nanoelectromechanical systems. C1 MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Evans, MH (reprint author), MIT, Dept Phys, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. NR 28 TC 72 Z9 73 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 4 AR 045434 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.045434 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 950WV UT WOS:000230890300173 ER PT J AU Glans, PA Learmonth, T Smith, KE Valla, T Johnson, PD Hulbert, SL McCarroll, W Greenblatt, M AF Glans, PA Learmonth, T Smith, KE Valla, T Johnson, PD Hulbert, SL McCarroll, W Greenblatt, M TI Charge-density-wave gap in the quasi-two-dimensional conductor Na0.9Mo6O17 measured by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID PURPLE BRONZE K0.9MO6O17; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; INSTABILITY; POTASSIUM; OXIDES AB The charge-density-wave gap in the quasi-two-dimensional conductor Na0.9Mo6O17 has been measured using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. The gap opening is accompanied by the creation of a new zone boundary and a subsequent backfold of the bands. The position of the point of minimum binding energy of the band dispersion has been determined in both energy and momentum. A change of the momentum of this point at very low temperatures is consistent with the existence of a second phase transition, previously observed by magnetic susceptibility and specific heat measurements. Symmetry arguments are used to show that the features found in the electronic structure are best described by using the monoclinic nomenclature, even though the measured low-energy electron diffraction patterns are hexagonal. C1 Boston Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Dept Chem, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. RP Smith, KE (reprint author), Boston Univ, Dept Phys, 590 Commonwealth Ave, Boston, MA 02215 USA. EM ksmith@bu.edu RI Glans, Per-Anders/G-8674-2016 NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 3 AR 035115 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.035115 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 950WU UT WOS:000230890200066 ER PT J AU Glatzel, P de Groot, FMF Manoilova, O Grandjean, D Weckhuysen, BM Bergmann, U Barrea, R AF Glatzel, P de Groot, FMF Manoilova, O Grandjean, D Weckhuysen, BM Bergmann, U Barrea, R TI Range-extended EXAFS at the L edge of rare earths using high-energy-resolution fluorescence detection: A study of La in LaOCl SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ABSORPTION FINE-STRUCTURE; SPECTROSCOPY; CATALYSTS; SYSTEMS; XAFS AB We present extended x-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) data at the La L-2 edge in LaOCl that were recorded on the L beta(1) fluorescence line with an analyzer energy bandwidth of 1.3 eV. We show that by taking advantage of the high-energy-resolution fluorescence detection (HERFD) it is possible to extend the energy range for L-2 EXAFS analysis beyond the L-1 edge if the sample is optically thin. The arguments presented here generally apply to fluorescence-detected absorption spectroscopy if the fluorescence lines are sufficiently separated in energy. Calculations using an atomic multiplet model show that intensity due to 2p4d multiple-electron excitations is reduced in HERFD spectra. The technique has the potential of considerably improving EXAFS analyses at low energies (< 10 keV) when absorption edges lie within a few hundred electron volts. C1 European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, F-38043 Grenoble, France. Univ Utrecht, Dept Inorgan Chem & Catalysis, Debye Inst, NL-3584 CA Utrecht, Netherlands. Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, BioCAT, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, BP 220, F-38043 Grenoble, France. RI Glatzel, Pieter/E-9958-2010; de Groot, Frank/A-1918-2009; ID, BioCAT/D-2459-2012; Institute (DINS), Debye/G-7730-2014; Weckhuysen, Bert/D-3742-2009 OI Glatzel, Pieter/0000-0001-6532-8144; Weckhuysen, Bert/0000-0001-5245-1426 NR 28 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 21 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 1 AR 014117 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.014117 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 950WQ UT WOS:000230889800061 ER PT J AU Graf, MJ Lookman, T Wills, JM Wallace, DC Lashley, JC AF Graf, MJ Lookman, T Wills, JM Wallace, DC Lashley, JC TI Strong electron-phonon coupling in delta-phase stabilized Pu SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID TEMPERATURE HEAT-CAPACITY; NONADIABATIC SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; TRANSITION-TEMPERATURE; LATTICE VIBRATIONS; ACTINIDE ELEMENTS; MIGDALS THEOREM; PLUTONIUM; METALS; RESISTIVITY; NEPTUNIUM AB Heat capacity measurements of the delta-phase stabilized alloy Pu(0.95)Al(0.05) suggest that strong electron-phonon coupling is required to explain the moderate renormalization of the electronic density of states near the Fermi energy. We calculate the heat capacity contributions from the lattice and electronic degrees of freedom as well as from the electron-lattice coupling term and find good overall agreement between experiment and theory assuming a dimensionless electron-phonon coupling parameter of order unity, lambda similar to 0.8. This large electron-phonon coupling parameter is comparable to reported values in superconducting metals with face-centered cubic crystal structure, for example, Pd (lambda approximate to 0.7) and Pb (lambda approximate to 1.5). Further, our analysis shows evidence of a sizable residual low-temperature entropy contribution, S(res)approximate to 0.4k(B) (per atom). We can fit the residual specific heat to a two-level system. Therefore, we speculate that the observed residual entropy originates from crystal-electric-field effects of the Pu atoms or from self-irradiation-induced defects frozen in at low temperatures. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Graf, MJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 61 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 4 AR 045135 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.045135 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 950WV UT WOS:000230890300051 ER PT J AU Gu, RY Antropov, VP AF Gu, RY Antropov, VP TI Dominance of the spin-wave contribution to the magnetic phase transition in FeRh SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ORDERED ALLOY FERH; RH ALLOYS; BAND-STRUCTURE; PRESSURE; DYNAMICS; MOMENTS AB Density functional calculations are performed to investigate the phase transition in FeRh alloy. The effective exchange coupling, the critical temperature of magnetic phase transition, and the adiabatic spin wave spectrum have been obtained. Different contributions to the free energy of different phases are estimated. It has been found that the antiferro-ferromagnetic transition in FeRh occurs mostly due to the spin wave excitations. C1 Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Gu, RY (reprint author), Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 28 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 4 U2 17 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 1 AR 012403 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.012403 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 950WQ UT WOS:000230889800012 ER PT J AU Guslienko, KY Slavin, AN AF Guslienko, KY Slavin, AN TI Boundary conditions for magnetization in magnetic nanoelements SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SPIN-WAVES AB We show that the dynamic magnetization at the edges of a thin magnetic element with a finite lateral size can be described by new effective boundary conditions that take into account inhomogeneous demagnetizing fields near the element edges. These fields play a dominant role in the effective pinning of the dynamic magnetization at the boundaries of mesoscopic- and nanosized magnetic elements. The derived effective boundary conditions generalize well-known Rado-Weertman boundary conditions and are reduced to them in the limiting case of a very thin magnetic element. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Oakland Univ, Dept Phys, Rochester, MI 48309 USA. RP Guslienko, KY (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM gusliyenko@anl.gov NR 19 TC 76 Z9 77 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 1 AR 014463 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.014463 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 950WQ UT WOS:000230889800151 ER PT J AU Gweon, GH Mo, SK Allen, JW Ast, CR Hochst, H Sarrao, JL Fisk, Z AF Gweon, GH Mo, SK Allen, JW Ast, CR Hochst, H Sarrao, JL Fisk, Z TI Hidden one-dimensional electronic structure and non-Fermi-liquid angle-resolved photoemission line shapes of eta-Mo4O11 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID DENSITY WAVE INSTABILITY; SUPERCONDUCTORS; SURFACE; MO4O11; METALS AB We report angle-resolved photoemission spectra (ARPES) of eta-Mo4O11, a layered metal that undergoes two-charge density wave (CDW) transitions at 109 K and 30 K. We have directly observed the "hidden one-dimensional (hidden 1D)" Fermi surface and an anisotropic gap opening associated with the 109 K transition, in agreement with the band theoretical description of the CDW transition. In addition, as in other hidden 1D materials such as NaMo6O17, the ARPES line shapes show certain anomalies, which we discuss in terms of non-Fermi-liquid physics and possible roles of disorder. C1 Univ Michigan, Randall Lab Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Synchrotron Radiat, Stoughton, WI 53589 USA. Florida State Univ, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. RP Gweon, GH (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, MS 2-200,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Mo, Sung-Kwan/F-3489-2013; Ast, Christian/A-7223-2016 OI Mo, Sung-Kwan/0000-0003-0711-8514; NR 20 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 19 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 3 AR 035126 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.035126 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 950WU UT WOS:000230890200077 ER PT J AU Hastings, MB Wen, XG AF Hastings, MB Wen, XG TI Quasiadiabatic continuation of quantum states: The stability of topological ground-state degeneracy and emergent gauge invariance SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID RESONATING-VALENCE-BOND; SPIN SYSTEMS; HALL STATES; ANTIFERROMAGNETS; CHAINS; ORDER; TRANSITIONS; SURFACES; PHASE; MODEL AB We define for quantum many-body systems a quasiadiabatic continuation of quantum states. The continuation is valid when the Hamiltonian has a gap, or else has a sufficiently small low-energy density of states, and thus is away from a quantum phase transition. This continuation takes local operators into local operators, while approximately preserving the ground-state expectation values. We apply this continuation to the problem of gauge theories coupled to matter, and propose the distinction of perimeter law versus "zero law" to identify confinement. We also apply the continuation to local bosonic models with emergent gauge theories. We show that local gauge invariance is topological and cannot be broken by any local perturbations in the bosonic models in either continuous or discrete gauge groups. We show that the ground-state degeneracy in emergent discrete gauge theories is a robust property of the bosonic model, and we argue that the robustness of local gauge invariance in the continuous case protects the gapless gauge boson. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Hastings, MB (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM hastings@lanl.gov NR 35 TC 97 Z9 97 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 4 AR 045141 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.045141 PG 14 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 950WV UT WOS:000230890300057 ER PT J AU Hayashi, H Kawata, M Sato, A Udagawa, Y Inami, T Ishii, K Ogasawara, H Nanao, S AF Hayashi, H Kawata, M Sato, A Udagawa, Y Inami, T Ishii, K Ogasawara, H Nanao, S TI Fine structure in the quadrupolar transition of the Ho L-3 pre-edge observed by lifetime-broadening-suppressed XANES spectroscopy SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-SCATTERING; RESONANT RAMAN-SCATTERING; RARE-EARTH COMPOUNDS; EXCITATION CHANNELS; CIRCULAR-DICHROISM; L(III) EDGE; L(3) EDGE AB The 2p3d resonant inelastic x-ray-scattering spectra of Ho2O3 are measured under 0.7 eV resolution and analyzed in terms of an equation based on the Kramers-Heisenberg formula. Broadening due to core-hole lifetime (4.26 eV) is completely suppressed to give sharp absorption bands with width of < 0.5 eV together with energy position uncertainty similar to 0.3 eV. Observed bands are assigned to be well-known 2p -> 4f quadrupolar transitions that are otherwise buried under lifetime-broadened intense 2p -> 5d dipole transition. The present work opens up an opportunity to study 4f-5d interactions more accurately. C1 Tohoku Univ, IMRAM, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan. JST, PRESTO, Kawaguchi, Saitama 3320012, Japan. JAERI, SRRC, Mikazuki, Hyogo 6795148, Japan. No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, APS, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Tokyo, IIS, Meguro Ku, Tokyo 1538505, Japan. RP Hayashi, H (reprint author), Tohoku Univ, IMRAM, Katahira 2-1-1, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan. EM hayashi@tagen.tohoku.ac.jp OI Hayashi, Hisashi/0000-0002-8504-4066 NR 27 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 4 AR 045114 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.045114 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 950WV UT WOS:000230890300030 ER PT J AU Hikihara, T Furusaki, A Matveev, KA AF Hikihara, T Furusaki, A Matveev, KA TI Renormalization of impurity scattering in one-dimensional interacting electron systems in magnetic field SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID CORRELATED HUBBARD-MODEL; LUTTINGER-LIQUID; QUANTUM WIRES; EXPONENTS; CHAIN; GAS AB We study the renormalization of a single impurity potential in one-dimensional interacting electron systems in the presence of magnetic field. Using the bosonization technique and Bethe ansatz solutions, we determine the renormalization group flow diagram for the amplitudes of scattering of up- and down-spin electrons by the impurity in a quantum wire at low electron density and in the Hubbard model at less than half filling. In the absence of magnetic field the repulsive interactions are known to enhance backscattering and make the impurity potential impenetrable in the low-energy limit. On the contrary, we show that in a strong magnetic field the interaction may suppress the backscattering of majority-spin electrons by the impurity potential in the vicinity of the weak-potential fixed point. This implies that in a certain temperature range the impurity becomes almost transparent for the majority-spin electrons while it is impenetrable for the minority-spin ones. The impurity potential can thus have a strong spin-filtering effect. C1 Hokkaido Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Div Phys, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0600810, Japan. RIKEN, Condensed Matter Theory Lab, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Hikihara, T (reprint author), Hokkaido Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Div Phys, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0600810, Japan. RI Furusaki, Akira/B-3204-2008; Hikihara, Toshiya/A-1771-2013 OI Furusaki, Akira/0000-0001-8394-0003; NR 25 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 3 AR 035301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.035301 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 950WU UT WOS:000230890200100 ER PT J AU Ishimaru, M Bae, IT Hirata, A Hirotsu, Y Valdez, JA Sickafus, KE AF Ishimaru, M Bae, IT Hirata, A Hirotsu, Y Valdez, JA Sickafus, KE TI Volume swelling of amorphous SiC during ion-beam irradiation SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SILICON-GERMANIUM ALLOYS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; INTERATOMIC POTENTIALS; STRUCTURAL RELAXATION; COMPUTER-SIMULATION; CARBIDE; AMORPHIZATION; RECRYSTALLIZATION; IMPLANTATION; A-SI1-XCX-H AB Relationships between chemical short-range order and volume swelling of amorphous silicon carbide (SiC) under radiation environments have been examined using energy-filtering transmission electron microscopy in combination with imaging plate techniques. Single crystals of 4H-SiC with (0001) orientation were irradiated with 300 keV xenon ions to a fluence of 10(15) cm(-2) at cryogenic (120 K) and elevated (373 K) temperatures. A continuous amorphous layer was formed in both specimens, but the magnitude of their volume change was different: volume swelling becomes more pronounced with decreasing irradiation temperatures. From radial distribution function analyses, it was found that the amount of Si-Si atomic pairs increases more rapidly than that of C-C atomic pairs with the progress of chemical disordering. We discuss the ion-beam-induced swelling in amorphous SiC within the context of our results as well as previous observations. C1 Osaka Univ, Inst Sci & Ind Res, Ibaraki, Osaka 5670047, Japan. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Ishimaru, M (reprint author), Osaka Univ, Inst Sci & Ind Res, Ibaraki, Osaka 5670047, Japan. RI Hirata, Akihiko/A-4850-2010 NR 45 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 3 U2 22 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 2 AR 024116 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.024116 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 950WT UT WOS:000230890100037 ER PT J AU Jeffries, JR Frederick, NA Bauer, ED Kimura, H Zapf, VS Hof, KD Sayles, TA Maple, MB AF Jeffries, JR Frederick, NA Bauer, ED Kimura, H Zapf, VS Hof, KD Sayles, TA Maple, MB TI Superconductivity and non-Fermi liquid behavior near antiferromagnetic quantum critical points in CeRh1-xCoxIn5 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID F-ELECTRON MATERIALS; HIGH-PRESSURE; LOW TEMPERATURE; MAGNETISM; FERROMAGNETISM; Y1-XUXPD3; CEPD2SI2; CERHIN5; CECOIN5; METALS AB Single crystals of CeRh1-xCoxIn5 have been investigated by means of specific heat measurements at zero pressure and electrical resistivity measurements under nearly hydrostatic pressure up to 28 kbar. Specific heat measurements for samples of CeRh1-xCoxIn5 with cobalt concentrations of x=0.65, 0.71, 0.77, 0.87, and 0.93 confirm the existence of antiferromagnetism for 0 <= x <= 0.7 and suggest the existence of a quantum critical point at x(c)similar to 0.75. Entropy versus x isotherms below similar to 5 K and the normalized residual resistivity rho(0 K)/rho(290 K) versus x curve both display maxima near x(c)similar to 0.75, suggesting further evidence for the existence and location of the quantum critical point. Electrical resistivity measurements under pressure for samples with x=0.1, 0.2, 0.4, and 0.6 reveal antiferromagnetism, pressure-induced superconductivity, and the coexistence of antiferromagnetism and superconductivity. Normalized residual resistivity rho(0 K)/rho(290 K) versus pressure P curves and the evolution of the power-law exponent n favor the existence of quantum critical points at critical pressures P(c)similar to 23 kbar, similar to 21 kbar, and similar to 7 kbar for samples with x=0.1, 0.2, and 0.4, respectively. C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Inst Pure & Appl Phys Sci, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany. RP Jeffries, JR (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RI Kimura, Hikari/A-8181-2010; Bauer, Eric/D-7212-2011; Zapf, Vivien/K-5645-2013 OI Zapf, Vivien/0000-0002-8375-4515 NR 38 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 3 U2 9 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 2 AR 024551 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.024551 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 950WT UT WOS:000230890100170 ER PT J AU Jho, YD Kyrychenko, FV Kono, J Wei, X Crooker, SA Sanders, GD Reitze, DH Stanton, CJ Solomon, GS AF Jho, YD Kyrychenko, FV Kono, J Wei, X Crooker, SA Sanders, GD Reitze, DH Stanton, CJ Solomon, GS TI Role of Coulomb interactions in dark-bright magnetoexciton mixing in strained quantum wells SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC-FIELD; ENERGY-LEVELS; EXCITON; SEMICONDUCTORS; STATES; RESONANCE; HOLE AB Coupled magnetoexciton states between allowed ("bright") and forbidden ("dark") transitions are found in absorption spectra of strained In0.2Ga0.8As/GaAs quantum wells with increasing magnetic field up to 30 T. We find large (similar to 9 meV) energy splittings in the mixed states. The observed anticrossing behavior is independent of polarization, and sensitive only to the parity of the quantum confined states. Detailed experimental and theoretical investigations indicate that valence band complexity does not play a role. We find that the excitonic Coulomb interaction is a necessary condition for the anticrossing to occur, while the magnitude of the energy splitting correlates with strain. In addition, we determine the spin composition of the mixed states. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Phys, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Rice Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Houston, TX 77005 USA. Florida State Univ, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Stanford Univ, Solid State Labs, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Jho, YD (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Phys, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. NR 37 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 4 AR 045340 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.045340 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 950WV UT WOS:000230890300123 ER PT J AU Kucheyev, SO Baumann, TF Sterne, PA Wang, YM van Buuren, T Hamza, AV Terminello, LJ Willey, TM AF Kucheyev, SO Baumann, TF Sterne, PA Wang, YM van Buuren, T Hamza, AV Terminello, LJ Willey, TM TI Surface electronic states in three-dimensional SnO2 nanostructures SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-ABSORPTION; GAS SENSORS; TIN OXIDE; SPECTROSCOPY; PHOTOEMISSION; NANOPARTICLES; CHEMISTRY; NANOBELTS; FILMS; TIO2 AB The electronic structure of three-dimensional SnO2 nanostructures (aerogels) is studied by soft x-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy. High-resolution O K-edge and Sn M-3- and M-4,M-5-edge XANES spectra of monolithic nanocrystalline rutile SnO2 aerogels with different surface areas (i.e., different surface-to-volume atom fractions) are compared with spectra of full-density rutile SnO2 and tetragonal SnO. Spectra are interpreted based on the electronic densities of states in SnO2 calculated with both cluster (self-consistent real-space multiple scattering) and band-structure (linear muffin-tin orbital) methods. Results show that, in contrast to the currently widely accepted picture, the presence of undercoordinated surface atoms not only affects the Fermi level position but also changes the structure of the conduction band by introducing additional Sn-related electronic states close to the conduction band minimum. These additional states are due to oxygen deficiency and are attributed to a surface reconstruction of SnO2 nanoparticles forming the aerogel skeleton. Results of this study are important for understanding the physical processes underlying the performance of gas sensors based on SnO2 nanostructures. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Kucheyev, SO (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM kucheyev@llnl.gov RI Willey, Trevor/A-8778-2011; Wang, Yinmin (Morris)/F-2249-2010 OI Willey, Trevor/0000-0002-9667-8830; NR 39 TC 53 Z9 54 U1 2 U2 29 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 3 AR 035404 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.035404 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 950WU UT WOS:000230890200148 ER PT J AU Lany, S Zunger, A AF Lany, S Zunger, A TI Anion vacancies as a source of persistent photoconductivity in II-VI and chalcopyrite semiconductors SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID HETEROJUNCTION SOLAR-CELLS; PARTICLE BAND-STRUCTURE; AB-INITIO CALCULATIONS; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; ISOELECTRONIC TRAPS; ALXGA1-XAS ALLOYS; GALLIUM PHOSPHIDE; TOTAL-ENERGY; UNDOPED ZNO AB Using first-principles electronic structure calculations we identify the anion vacancies in II-VI and chalcopyrite Cu-III-VI(2) semiconductors as a class of intrinsic defects that can exhibit metastable behavior. Specifically, we predict persistent electron photoconductivity (n-type PPC) caused by the oxygen vacancy V(O) in n-ZnO, originating from a metastable shallow donor state of V(O). In contrast, we predict persistent hole photoconductivity (p-type PPC) caused by the Se vacancy V(Se) in p-CuInSe(2) and p-CuGaSe(2). We find that V(Se) in the chalcopyrite materials is amphoteric having two "negative-U"-like transitions, i.e., a double-donor transition epsilon(2+/0) close to the valence band and a double-acceptor transition epsilon(0/2-) closer to the conduction band. We introduce a classification scheme that distinguishes two types of defects: type alpha, which have a defect-localized-state (DLS) in the band gap, and type beta, which have a resonant DLS within the host bands (e.g., the conduction band for donors). In the latter case, the introduced carriers (e.g., electrons) relax to the band edge where they can occupy a perturbed-host state. Type alpha is nonconducting, whereas type beta is conducting. We identify the neutral anion vacancy as type alpha and the doubly positively charged vacancy as type beta. We suggest that illumination changes the charge state of the anion vacancy and leads to a crossover between alpha- and beta-type behavior, resulting in metastability and PPC. In CuInSe(2), the metastable behavior of V(Se) is carried over to the (V(Se)-V(Cu)) complex, which we identify as the physical origin of PPC observed experimentally. We explain previous puzzling experimental results in ZnO and CuInSe(2) in the light of this model. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Lany, S (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RI Zunger, Alex/A-6733-2013; OI Lany, Stephan/0000-0002-8127-8885 NR 78 TC 328 Z9 329 U1 4 U2 119 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 3 AR 035215 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.035215 PG 13 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 950WU UT WOS:000230890200097 ER PT J AU Ledieu, J Hoeft, JT Reid, DE Smerdon, JA Diehl, RD Ferralis, N Lograsso, TA Ross, AR McGrath, R AF Ledieu, J Hoeft, JT Reid, DE Smerdon, JA Diehl, RD Ferralis, N Lograsso, TA Ross, AR McGrath, R TI Copper adsorption on the fivefold Al70Pd21Mn9 quasicrystal surface SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID GROWTH; FILMS; DIFFRACTION; NUCLEATION; ENERGY; PHASE; STEP; LEED AB Recently we reported the formation of a quasiperiodic Cu thin film on the fivefold icosahedral Al-Pd-Mn quasicrystal using scanning tunneling microscopy, low energy electron diffraction, and Auger electron spectroscopy. Here we provide details pertaining to the growth, stability, and structure of this film. Structural information has been gained by LEED measurements carried out at 85 K. Cu atoms are organized periodically with a nearest-neighbor distance of 2.5 +/- 0.1 angstrom along the aperiodically spaced rows. Above 8 ML spontaneous mass transport resulting in island formation has been observed by STM. These observations point to ascending adatoms being responsible for the formation of 3D features. Finally, flashing the multilayer film to 570 K results in the desorption or diffusion of Cu into the bulk and the formation of five domains of a periodic structure. C1 Univ Liverpool, Surface Sci Res Ctr, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. Univ Liverpool, Dept Phys, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Univ Liverpool, Surface Sci Res Ctr, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. EM Ledieu@lsg2m.org RI McGrath, Ronan/A-1568-2009; Ledieu, Julian/F-1430-2010 OI McGrath, Ronan/0000-0002-9880-5741; NR 30 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 3 AR 035420 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.035420 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 950WU UT WOS:000230890200164 ER PT J AU Li, ZY Sang, HY Lin, LL Ho, KM AF Li, ZY Sang, HY Lin, LL Ho, KM TI Evanescent-wave-assisted wideband continuous tunability in photonic crystal channel-drop filters SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID GAP; GUIDES AB We use a plane-wave-based transfer-matrix method to investigate the intrinsic optical properties of channel-drop filters built from parallel photonic crystal waveguides coupled through localized cavities with a better spectrum resolution than the usual finite-difference time-domain technique. We find that a continuously tunable wide band (with > 4% bandwidth) of high channel-drop efficiency (over 98.5%) in a short distance comparable to the light wavelength can be realized by simply changing the cavity rod radius continuously. The coupling of cavity modes with both the extending guided mode continuum and the localized interface modes is believed to contribute to the wide-band tunability. C1 Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Beijing 100080, Peoples R China. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Li, ZY (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Phys, POB 603, Beijing 100080, Peoples R China. EM lizy@aphy.iphy.ac.cn NR 20 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 3 AR 035103 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.035103 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 950WU UT WOS:000230890200054 ER PT J AU Lima, AL Tsokol, AO Gschneidner, KA Pecharsky, VK Lograsso, TA Schlagel, DL AF Lima, AL Tsokol, AO Gschneidner, KA Pecharsky, VK Lograsso, TA Schlagel, DL TI Magnetic properties of single-crystal DyAl2 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID TRANSITION AB We measured the magnetic properties and heat capacity of three DyAl2 single crystals with the magnetic field oriented along the three principal crystallographic directions: [100], [110], and [111]. The isothermal entropy change versus temperature curves were obtained from heat capacity and magnetization data for these directions. The experimental results were successfully explained by a mean field model that includes spin reorientation, exchange interactions, and crystalline electric field effects. The anomalous magnetocaloric effect along the [111] direction predicted by theory was confirmed experimentally. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Mat & Engn Phys Program, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Lima, AL (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Mat & Engn Phys Program, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 25 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 2 AR 024403 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.024403 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 950WT UT WOS:000230890100062 ER PT J AU Lobo, RPSM LaVeigne, JD Reitze, DH Tanner, DB Barber, ZH Jacques, E Bosland, P Burns, MJ Carr, GL AF Lobo, RPSM LaVeigne, JD Reitze, DH Tanner, DB Barber, ZH Jacques, E Bosland, P Burns, MJ Carr, GL TI Photoinduced time-resolved electrodynamics of superconducting metals and alloys SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID QUASI-PARTICLE DYNAMICS; RECOMBINATION TIME; PAIR BREAKING; THIN-FILMS; NONEQUILIBRIUM SUPERCONDUCTORS; INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; QUASIPARTICLES; YBA2CU3O7-DELTA; RELAXATION; LIFETIMES AB The photoexcited state in superconducting metals and alloys was studied via pump-probe spectroscopy. A pulsed Ti:sapphire laser was used to create the nonequilibrium state and the far-infrared pulses of a synchrotron storage ring, to which the laser is synchronized, measured the changes in the material optical properties. Both the time- and frequency-dependent photoinduced spectra of Pb, Nb, NbN, Nb0.5Ti0.5N, and Pb0.75Bi0.25 superconducting thin films were measured in the low-fluence regime. The time-dependent data establish the regions where the relaxation rate is dominated either by the phonon escape time (phonon bottleneck effect) or by the intrinsic quasiparticle recombination time. The photoinduced spectra measure directly the reduction of the superconducting gap due to an excess number of quasiparticles created by the short laser pulses. This gap shift allows us to establish the temperature range over which the low fluence approximation is valid. C1 Ecole Super Phys & Chim Ind Ville Paris, Lab Phys Solide, CNRS, UPR 5, F-75231 Paris, France. Univ Florida, Dept Phys, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Univ Cambridge, Dept Mat Sci & Met, Cambridge CB2 3QZ, England. CEA Saclay, DAPNIA, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Lobo, RPSM (reprint author), Ecole Super Phys & Chim Ind Ville Paris, Lab Phys Solide, CNRS, UPR 5, 10 Rue Vauquelin, F-75231 Paris, France. EM lobo@espci.fr RI Burns, Michael/D-2939-2011; OI Burns, Michael/0000-0001-9804-405X; Lobo, Ricardo/0000-0003-2355-6856 NR 47 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 2 AR 024510 DI 10.1103/PhysBevB.72.024510 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 950WT UT WOS:000230890100129 ER PT J AU Lyo, SK AF Lyo, SK TI Electron-hole binding in a quantum-dot lattice: Excitonic oscillator strength SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ENERGY-TRANSFER; WELL; SOLIDS; STATES; MODEL; GAAS AB We study the excitonic oscillator strength and energies arising from the binding of an electron and a hole interacting through an attractive potential in a tunnel-coupled quantum-dot lattice. The effect of interdot tunneling of the electron and the hole and their attraction on the exciton oscillator strength and exciton binding is evaluated in one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) lattices. For short-range interaction, we find that close packing of the quantum dots into a 2D lattice can result in a nearly abrupt loss of electron-hole binding and the oscillator strength in contrast with a 1D lattice, where the effect is gradual. Numerical application includes general electron-hole attraction in 1D lattices and on-site plus nearest-neighbor attraction in 2D lattices. The time-dependent behavior of the oscillator strength is also examined for 1D on-site attraction. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Taejon 305701, South Korea. RP Lyo, SK (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 4 AR 045322 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.045322 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 950WV UT WOS:000230890300105 ER PT J AU Magen, C Morellon, L Algarabel, PA Ibarra, MR Arnold, Z Kamarad, J Lograsso, TA Schlagel, DL Pecharsky, VK Tsokol, AO Gschneidner, KA AF Magen, C Morellon, L Algarabel, PA Ibarra, MR Arnold, Z Kamarad, J Lograsso, TA Schlagel, DL Pecharsky, VK Tsokol, AO Gschneidner, KA TI Hydrostatic pressure control of the magnetostructural phase transition in Gd5Si2Ge2 single crystals SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; GIANT MAGNETORESISTANCE; MAGNETIC REFRIGERANTS; GD-5(SIXGE1-X)(4); GD-5(SI2GE2); SYSTEM; GD-5(SI1-XGEX)(4); GD-5(SI1.8GE2.2); GD5SI4-GD5GE4; COMPOUND AB Magnetic and structural properties of single crystalline Gd5Si2Ge2 under hydrostatic pressure have been characterized by using magnetization, linear thermal expansion, and compressibility measurements. A strong dependence of Curie temperature on pressure, dT(C)/dP=+4.8 K/kbar, is observed in contrast with the smaller values of about 3 K/kbar found in polycrystalline specimens. This difference reflects the role the microstructure may play in pressure-induced magnetic-crystallographic phase changes, likely related to stress relaxation at the grain boundaries, domain pinning and/or nucleation of defects. The pressure dependence of the critical magnetic field, d(dH(C)/dT)/dP, drops at the rate -0.122(5)kOe/K kbar, which points to an enhancement of the magnetoelastic coupling with pressure. The latter affects the magnetocaloric behavior of the material at the rate d(Delta S-M)/dP congruent to 1.8 J/kg K kbar. The linear thermal expansion confirms the strongly anisotropic change of the lattice parameters through the orthorhombic to monoclinic crystallographic transformation with Delta a/a=+0.94%, Delta b/b=-0.13%, and Delta c/c=-0.22%. The structural transition temperature varies with pressure synchronously with the Curie temperature, and the size and shape of the strain anomalies remain nearly unaffected by the hydrostatic pressure, indicating, respectively, that the structural and magnetic transformations remain coupled, and the anisotropic behavior of the lattice is preserved as pressure increases. The room temperature linear compressibility data show that the magnetostructural transformation can be triggered isothermally at similar to 6 kbar and that the compressibility is anisotropic. C1 Univ Zaragoza, Dept Fis Mat Condensada, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain. Univ Zaragoza, Inst Ciencia Mat Aragon, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain. CSIC, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain. Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Phys, Prague 18221 8, Czech Republic. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Mat & Engn Phys Program, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Morellon, L (reprint author), Univ Zaragoza, Dept Fis Mat Condensada, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain. EM morellon@posta.unizar.es RI Magen, Cesar/A-2825-2013; Arnold, Zdenek/B-2107-2012; Kamarad, Jiri/G-5880-2014; Algarabel, Pedro/K-8583-2014; Ibarra, Manuel Ricardo/K-1150-2014 OI Kamarad, Jiri/0000-0003-3502-9930; Algarabel, Pedro/0000-0002-4698-3378; Ibarra, Manuel Ricardo/0000-0003-0681-8260 NR 48 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 2 AR 024416 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.024416 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 950WT UT WOS:000230890100075 ER PT J AU Marrows, CH Steadman, P Hampson, AC Michez, LA Hickey, BJ Telling, ND Arena, DA Dvorak, J Langridge, S AF Marrows, CH Steadman, P Hampson, AC Michez, LA Hickey, BJ Telling, ND Arena, DA Dvorak, J Langridge, S TI Probing magnetic ordering in multilayers using soft x-ray resonant magnetic scattering SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ANTIFERROMAGNETICALLY COUPLED MULTILAYERS; COFE THIN-FILMS; GIANT MAGNETORESISTANCE; EXCHANGE SCATTERING; NEUTRON REFLECTOMETRY; ROUGH SURFACES; DIFFUSE; HYSTERESIS AB We have carried out resonant magnetic x-ray scattering from Co/Ru multilayers with weak antiferromagnetic coupling. We have measured hysteresis loops at different points in reciprocal space (specular or diffuse, integer or half-order peaks), which reveal a rich variety of different shapes. These arise from different degrees of mixing of the scattering arising from the field dependence of the order parameters describing the degree of ferromagnetic, antiferromagnetic correlations in the sample, with the off-specular measurements giving information about their lateral extent. We make a comparison with macroscopic measurements that give information about the degree of different forms of magnetic order averaged over the whole sample in real space. C1 Univ Leeds, EC Stoner Lab, Sch Phys & Astron, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. Daresbury Lab, Warrington WA4 4AD, Cheshire, England. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Montana State Univ, Dept Phys, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. RP Marrows, CH (reprint author), Univ Leeds, EC Stoner Lab, Sch Phys & Astron, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. EM c.h.marrows@leeds.ac.uk RI Marrows, Christopher/D-7980-2011; Hickey, B J/B-3333-2016; OI Hickey, B J/0000-0001-8289-5618; Marrows, Christopher/0000-0003-4812-6393; Langridge, Sean/0000-0003-1104-0772 NR 48 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 2 AR 024421 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.024421 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 950WT UT WOS:000230890100080 ER PT J AU Masuda, T Zheludev, A Roessli, B Bush, A Markina, M Vasiliev, A AF Masuda, T Zheludev, A Roessli, B Bush, A Markina, M Vasiliev, A TI Spin waves and magnetic interactions in LiCu2O2 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID COMPETING INTERACTIONS; EXCITATION SPECTRUM; COMPOUND LICU2O2; CHAIN; DIMERIZATION; ANTIFERROMAGNET; STATE AB The quasi-one-dimensional helimagnet LiCu2O2 was studied by single crystal inelastic neutron scattering. The dispersion relation of spin wave excitations was measured in the vicinity of the principal magnetic Bragg reflection. A spin wave theoretical analysis of the data yields an estimate of the relevant exchange constants and explains the mechanism of geometric frustration that leads to helimagnetism. It is found that the simple antiferromagnetic J(1)-J(2) model that was previously proposed is inadequate for LiCu2O2. The experimental findings are generally in a qualitative agreement with first principles calculations of [A. A. Gippius, E. N. Morozova, A. S. Moskvin, A. V. Zalessky, A. A. Bush, M. Baenitz, H. Rosner, and S.-L. Drechsler, Phys. Rev. B 70, 020406 (2004)], though certain important discrepancies remain to be explained. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. ETH, Neutron Scattering Lab, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. Paul Scherrer Inst, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. Moscow Radiotech Inst Elect & Automat, Moscow 117464, Russia. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Low Temp Phys Dept, Moscow 119992, Russia. RP Masuda, T (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Markina, Maria/B-8487-2009; Vasiliev, Alexander/A-7562-2008; Alexandr, Bush/R-2287-2016 OI Markina, Maria/0000-0001-8177-3387; Alexandr, Bush/0000-0003-3990-9847 NR 21 TC 86 Z9 88 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 1 AR 014405 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.014405 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 950WQ UT WOS:000230889800093 ER PT J AU Mena, FP van der Marel, D Sarrao, JL AF Mena, FP van der Marel, D Sarrao, JL TI Optical conductivity of CeMIn5 (M=Co, Rh, Ir) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ANDERSON MODEL; KONDO-LATTICE; GAP AB The optical properties of the heavy fermion family CeMIn5 (M=Co, Rh, Ir) have been determined in the photon energy range from 2 meV to 4.5 eV using the combination of near normal incidence reflectivity (2 meV-0.8 eV) and ellipsometry (0.8-4.5 eV). In all compounds signatures of the formation of a coherent state are found. However, as a result of the competition with antiferromagnetism, the energy region where the coherent state occurs is much lower in the compound that orders magnetically. C1 Univ Groningen, Ctr Mat Sci, NL-9747 AG Groningen, Netherlands. Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Mat Condensee, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Mena, FP (reprint author), Univ Groningen, Ctr Mat Sci, NL-9747 AG Groningen, Netherlands. RI Mena, Fausto Patricio/H-8193-2013; van der Marel, Dirk/G-4618-2012 OI Mena, Fausto Patricio/0000-0001-8616-0854; van der Marel, Dirk/0000-0001-5266-9847 NR 26 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 4 AR 045119 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.045119 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 950WV UT WOS:000230890300035 ER PT J AU Merkulov, IA Meleshko, AV Wells, JC Cui, H Merkulov, VI Simpson, ML Lowndes, DH AF Merkulov, IA Meleshko, AV Wells, JC Cui, H Merkulov, VI Simpson, ML Lowndes, DH TI Two growth modes of graphitic carbon nanofibers with herring-bone structure SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID DEPOSITION; NANOTUBES; FILAMENTS; SURFACES; ARRAYS; CONES AB A simple mathematical model of the carbon nanofiber catalytic growth process is presented. Two major types of the fiber-catalyst interface shapes have been identified and described having qualitatively different structure in the center of a nanofiber. Presently, we discuss that the appearance of the irregular structure in the nanofiber central area is a result of curved-interface-growth kinematics. We suggest the method to determine the phenomenological parameters of the developed model from experimental data. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Wells, JC (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Melechko, Anatoli/B-8820-2008; Simpson, Michael/A-8410-2011; Wells, Jack/D-3675-2016 OI Simpson, Michael/0000-0002-3933-3457; Wells, Jack/0000-0002-5083-3030 NR 28 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 4 AR 045409 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.045409 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 950WV UT WOS:000230890300148 ER PT J AU Moreno, NO Bauer, ED Sarrao, JL Hundley, MF Thompson, JD Fisk, Z AF Moreno, NO Bauer, ED Sarrao, JL Hundley, MF Thompson, JD Fisk, Z TI Thermodynamic and transport properties of single-crystalline UMGa5 (M=Fe,Co,Ni,Ru,Rh,Pd,Os,Ir,Pt) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID FERMI-SURFACE PROPERTIES; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; HEAT; ANTIFERROMAGNETISM; CERHIN5; CEIRIN5; SYSTEMS; UPDGA5 AB We report the results of magnetic susceptibility, specific heat, and electrical resistivity measurements on UMGa5 (M=Fe,Co,Ni,Ru,Rh,Pd,Os,Ir,Pt) single crystals. Antiferromagnetic ordering was observed for M=Ni, Pd, and Pt, with ordering temperatures T-N=80 K, 28 K, and 23.5 K, respectively. For the UMGa5 compounds with transition metals from the Fe and Co columns, itinerant paramagnetic behavior is observed. The evolution of this behavior is discussed in terms of f-ligand interaction with an emphasis on the role played by f-d hybridization. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Moreno, NO (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Bauer, Eric/D-7212-2011; Moreno, Nelson/H-1708-2012 OI Moreno, Nelson/0000-0002-1672-4340 NR 42 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 3 AR 035119 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.035119 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 950WU UT WOS:000230890200070 ER PT J AU Morosan, E Bud'ko, SL Canfield, PC AF Morosan, E Bud'ko, SL Canfield, PC TI Magnetic ordering and effects of crystal electric field anisotropy in the hexagonal compounds RPtIn (R=Y,Gd-Lu) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID KONDO SYSTEM CENIIN; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; LA-ND; CEPTIN; HEAT; SM; SUSCEPTIBILITY; TRANSPORT; ALLOYS; YBPTIN AB Single crystals of RPtIn R=Y, Gd-Lu were grown out of In-rich ternary solution. Powder x-ray diffraction data on all of these compounds were consistent with the hexagonal ZrNiAl-type structure (space group P (6) over bar 2m). The R=Tb and Tm members of the series appear to order antiferromagnetically (T-N=46.0 and 3.0 K, respectively), whereas the R=Gd, Dy-Er compounds have at least a ferromagnetic component of the magnetization along the c axis. The magnetic ordering temperatures of all of these systems seem to scale well with the de Gennes factor, whereas the curious switching from ferromagnetic to antiferromagnetic ordering across the series is correlated with a change in anisotropy, such that, in the low-temperature paramagnetic state, chi(ab)>chi(c) for the antiferromagnetic compounds and chi(c)>chi(ab) for the rest. In order to characterize the magnetic ordering across the RPtIn series, a three-dimensional model of the magnetic moments in Fe2P-type systems was developed, using the three coplanar Ising-like systems model previously introduced for the extremely planar TbPtIn compound: given the orthorhombic point symmetry of the R sites, we assumed the magnetic moments to be confined to six nonplanar easy axes, whose in-plane projections are rotated by 60 degrees with respect to each other. Such a model is consistent with the reduced high-field magnetization values observed for the RPtIn compounds R=Tb-Tm, and qualitatively reproduces the features of the angular dependent magnetization of HoxY1-xPtIn at H=55 kG. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Morosan, E (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RI Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014 NR 25 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 1 AR 014425 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.014425 PG 16 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 950WQ UT WOS:000230889800113 ER PT J AU Musfeldt, JL Swietlik, R Olejniczak, I Eldridge, JE Geiser, U AF Musfeldt, JL Swietlik, R Olejniczak, I Eldridge, JE Geiser, U TI Understanding electron-molecular vibrational coupling in organic molecular solids: Experimental evidence for strong coupling of the 890-cm(-1) mode in ET-based materials SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID CHARGE-TRANSFER SALTS; BEDT-TTF; RAMAN-SPECTRA; PHONON; DONOR; CRYSTAL; ANIONS; SUPERCONDUCTORS; CONDUCTORS; KAPPA-(BEDT-TTF)2CUBR AB We report a detailed analysis of the vibrational response of several model organic molecular conductors and superconductors. We demonstrate that the 890 cm(-1) mode, originally assigned and discussed as nu(60) (B-3g) in the D-2h point group symmetry, displays an unusual sensitivity to both chemical and physical tuning for a wide variety of materials. Based upon the analysis of these combined spectral results as well as an assessment of the local molecular and crystallographic structure, we find ample experimental evidence for vibronic coupling of the 890 cm(-1) mode. This mode is not vibronically active within the planar dynamics framework, and its presence in the optical conductivity demonstrates that local symmetry breaking effects are important in layered organic molecular materials. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Polish Acad Sci, Inst Mol Phys, PL-60179 Poznan, Poland. Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Musfeldt, JL (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. NR 43 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 1 AR 014516 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.014516 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 950WQ UT WOS:000230889800171 ER PT J AU Narvaez, GA Bester, G Zunger, A AF Narvaez, GA Bester, G Zunger, A TI Pressure effects on neutral and charged excitons in self-assembled (In,Ga)As/GaAs quantum dots SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID HYDROSTATIC-PRESSURE; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; DEPENDENCE; STATES; GAAS; SEMICONDUCTORS; NANOSTRUCTURES; NANOCRYSTALS; SPECTRA AB By combining an atomistic pseudopotential method with the configuration-interaction approach, we predict the pressure dependence of the binding energies of neutral and charged excitons: X-0 (neutral monoexciton), X- and X+ (charged trions), and XX0 (biexciton) in lens-shaped, self-assembled In0.6Ga0.4As/GaAs quantum dots. We predict that (i) with applied pressure the binding energy of X-0 and X+ increases and that of X- decreases, whereas the binding energy of XX0 is nearly pressure independent. (ii) Correlations have a small effect in the binding energy of X-0, whereas they largely determine the binding energy of X-, X+, and XX0. (iii) Correlations depend weakly on pressure; thus, the pressure dependence of the binding energies can be understood within the Hartree-Fock approximation and it is controlled by the pressure dependence of the direct Coulomb integrals J. Our results in (i) can thus be explained by noting that holes are more localized than electrons, so the Coulomb energies obey J((hh)) > J((eh)) > J((ee)). C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Narvaez, GA (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RI Bester, Gabriel/I-4414-2012; Zunger, Alex/A-6733-2013 OI Bester, Gabriel/0000-0003-2304-0817; NR 26 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 4 AR 041307 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.041307 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 950WV UT WOS:000230890300009 ER PT J AU Novosad, V Fradin, FY Roy, PE Buchanan, KS Guslienko, KY Bader, SD AF Novosad, V Fradin, FY Roy, PE Buchanan, KS Guslienko, KY Bader, SD TI Magnetic vortex resonance in patterned ferromagnetic dots SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SINGLE-DOMAIN; STATE; PERMALLOY; DYNAMICS AB We report a high-resolution experimental detection of the resonant behavior of magnetic vortices confined in small disk-shaped ferromagnetic dots. The samples are magnetically soft Fe-Ni disks of diameter 1.1 and 2.2 mu m and thickness 20 and 40 nm, patterned via electron-beam lithography onto microwave coplanar waveguides. The vortex excitation spectra were probed by a vector network analyzer operating in reflection mode, which records the derivative of the real and the imaginary impedance as a function of frequency. The spectra show well-defined resonance peaks in magnetic fields smaller than the characteristic vortex annihilation field. Resonances at 162 and 272 MHz were detected for disks of 2.2- and 1.1-mu m-diameter with thickness 40 nm, respectively. A resonance peak at 83 MHz was detected for 20-nm thick, 2-mu m-diameter disks. The resonance frequencies exhibit weak field dependence and scale as a function of the dot geometrical aspect ratio. The measured frequencies are well described by micromagnetic and analytical calculations that rely only on known properties of the dots (such as the dot diameter, thickness, saturation magnetization, and exchange stiffness constant) without any adjustable parameters. We find that the observed resonance originates from the translational motion of the magnetic vortex core. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Novosad, V (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM novosad@anl.gov RI Bader, Samuel/A-2995-2013; Novosad, Valentyn/C-2018-2014; Novosad, V /J-4843-2015; OI Buchanan, Kristen/0000-0003-0879-0038 NR 21 TC 173 Z9 175 U1 4 U2 48 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 2 AR 024455 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.024455 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 950WT UT WOS:000230890100114 ER PT J AU Olamit, J Arenholz, E Li, ZP Petracic, O Roshchin, IV Morales, R Batlle, X Schuller, IK Liu, K AF Olamit, J Arenholz, E Li, ZP Petracic, O Roshchin, IV Morales, R Batlle, X Schuller, IK Liu, K TI Loop bifurcation and magnetization rotation in exchange-biased Ni/FeF2 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ANTI-FERROMAGNETIC DOMAINS; NANOSTRUCTURES; ANISOTROPY; BILAYERS; FILMS; MODEL AB Exchange-biased Ni/FeF2 films have been investigated using vector coil vibrating-sample magnetometry as a function of the cooling field strength H-FC. In films with epitaxial FeF2, a loop bifurcation develops with increasing H-FC as it divides into two sub-loops shifted oppositely from zero field by the same amount. The positively biased sub-loop grows in size with H-FC until only a single positively shifted loop is found. Throughout this process, the negative and positive (sub)loop shifts maintain the same discrete value. This is in sharp contrast to films with twinned FeF2 where the exchange field gradually changes with increasing H-FC. The transverse magnetization shows clear correlations with the longitudinal subloops. Interestingly, over 85% of the Ni reverses its magnetization by rotation, either in one step or through two successive rotations. These results are due to the single-crystal nature of the antiferromagnetic FeF2, which breaks down into two opposite regions of large domains. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Duisburg Essen, D-47048 Duisburg, Germany. Univ Oviedo, Dept Fis, E-33007 Oviedo, Spain. Univ Barcelona, Dept Fis Fonamental, E-08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. RP Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM kailiu@ucdavis.edu RI Liu, Kai/B-1163-2008; Batlle, Xavier/H-5795-2012; Roshchin, Igor/I-5162-2012; Morales, Rafael/F-8215-2016; OI Liu, Kai/0000-0001-9413-6782; Petracic, Oleg/0000-0002-5138-9832; Morales, Rafael/0000-0003-1733-2039 NR 29 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 1 AR 012408 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.012408 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 950WQ UT WOS:000230889800017 ER PT J AU Persson, C Zhao, YJ Lany, S Zunger, A AF Persson, C Zhao, YJ Lany, S Zunger, A TI n-type doping of CuInSe2 and CuGaSe2 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID TOTAL-ENERGY; SOLAR-CELLS; II-VI; HETEROJUNCTION AB The efficiency of CuInSe2 based solar cell devices could improve significantly if CuGaSe2, a wider band gap chalcopyrite semiconductor, could be added to the CuInSe2 absorber layer. This is, however, limited by the difficulty of doping n-type CuGaSe2 and, hence, in its alloys with CuInSe2. Indeed, wider-gap members of semiconductor series are often more difficult to dope than lower-gap members of the same series. We find that in chalcopyrites, there are three critical values of the Fermi energy E-F that control n-type doping: (i) E-F(n,pin) is the value of E-F where the energy to form Cu vacancies is zero. At this point, the spontaneously formed vacancies (=acceptors) kill all electrons. (ii) E-F(n,comp) is the value of E-F where the energy to form a Cu vacancy equals the energy to form an n-type dopant, e.g., Cd-Cu. (iii) E-F(n,site) is the value of E-F where the formation of Cd-on-In is equal to the formation of Cd-on-Cu. For good n-type doping, E-F(n,pin), E-F(n,comp), and E-F(n,site) need to be as high as possible in the gap. We find that these quantities are higher in the gap in CuInSe2 than in CuGaSe2, so the latter is difficult to dope n-type. In this work, we calculate all three critical Fermi energies and study theoretically the best growth condition for n-type CuInSe2 and CuGaSe2 with possible cation and anion doping. We find that the intrinsic defects such as V-Cu and In-Cu or Ga-Cu play significant roles in doping in both chalcopyrites. For group-II cation (Cd, Zn, or Mg) doping, the best n-type growth condition is In/Ga-rich, and maximal Se-poor, which is also the optimal condition for stabilizing the intrinsic In-Cu/Ga-Cu donors. Bulk CuInSe2 can be doped at equilibrium n-type, but bulk CuGaSe2 cannot be due to the low formation energy of intrinsic Cu-vacancy. For halogen anion doping, the best n-type materials growth is still under In/Ga-rich, and maximal Se-poor conditions. These conditions are not best for halogen substitutional defects, but are optimal for intrinsic In-Cu/Ga-Cu donors. Again, CuGaSe2 cannot be doped n-type by halogen doping, while CuInSe2 can. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Persson, C (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RI Zhao, Yu-Jun/A-1219-2011; Zunger, Alex/A-6733-2013; OI Zhao, Yu-Jun/0000-0002-6923-1099; Lany, Stephan/0000-0002-8127-8885 NR 22 TC 258 Z9 258 U1 10 U2 89 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 3 AR 035211 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.035211 PG 14 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 950WU UT WOS:000230890200093 ER PT J AU Petrovic, C Lee, Y Vogt, T Lazarov, ND Bud'ko, SL Canfield, PC AF Petrovic, C Lee, Y Vogt, T Lazarov, ND Bud'ko, SL Canfield, PC TI Kondo insulator description of spin state transition in FeSb2 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; THERMAL-EXPANSION; BINARY PNICTIDES; MARCASITE; SEMICONDUCTORS; TEMPERATURE; GAP AB The thermal expansion and heat capacity of FeSb2 at ambient pressure agrees with a picture of a temperature induced spin state transition within the Fe t(2g) multiplet. However, high pressure powder diffraction data show no sign of a structural phase transition up to 7 GPa. A bulk modulus B=84(3) GPa has been extracted and the temperature dependence of the Gruneisen parameter has been determined. We discuss here the relevance of a Kondo insulator description for this material. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Inst Nucl Sci, Lab Theoret & Solid State Phys, Belgrade 11001, Serbia Monteneg. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Petrovic, C (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Petrovic, Cedomir/A-8789-2009; Vogt, Thomas /A-1562-2011; Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014; Lee, Yongjae/K-6566-2016 OI Petrovic, Cedomir/0000-0001-6063-1881; Vogt, Thomas /0000-0002-4731-2787; NR 32 TC 81 Z9 81 U1 5 U2 32 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 4 AR 045103 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.045103 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 950WV UT WOS:000230890300019 ER PT J AU Sham, TK Gordon, RA Heald, SM AF Sham, TK Gordon, RA Heald, SM TI Resonant inelastic x-ray scattering at the Ce L-3 edge of CePO4 and CeO2: Implications for the valence of CeO2 and related phenomena SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID CHARGE-TRANSFER EXCITATIONS; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; EMISSION SPECTRA; RAMAN-SCATTERING; ABSORPTION; SPECTROSCOPY; STATE; IONS; PRO2 AB We report a resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) study of trivalent CePO4 and tetravalent CeO2 at the Ce L-3 edge. It is found that (a) an intense RIXS multiplet is observed in the preedge of CeO2 and it is attributed to 2p-4f quadrupole transitions while this behavior is not seen in CePO4, (b) CePO4 shows the normal diminishing RIXS and the emerging nondispersed L alpha(1) fluorescence with excitations above the edge while CeO2 shows a more complex behavior, and (c) the energy of the fluorescence x ray exhibits a dip when excited at the second resonance of the double white line of CeO2, in contrast to the nondispersive behavior observed in CePO4. These observations indicate that strong correlation exists in RIXS and that CeO2 is Ce (IV) in the ground state. C1 Univ Western Ontario, Dept Chem, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, ONC, CAT, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Sham, TK (reprint author), Univ Western Ontario, Dept Chem, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada. NR 24 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 3 U2 15 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 3 AR 035113 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.035113 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 950WU UT WOS:000230890200064 ER PT J AU Sharma, HR Shimoda, M Ross, AR Lograsso, TA Tsai, AP AF Sharma, HR Shimoda, M Ross, AR Lograsso, TA Tsai, AP TI Real-space observation of quasicrystalline Sn monolayer formed on the fivefold surface of icosahedral Al-Cu-Fe quasicrystal SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID EPITAXIAL FILM GROWTH; PERIODIC SURFACES; NUCLEATION; ADSORPTION AB We investigate a thin Sn film grown at elevated temperatures on the fivefold surface of an icosahedral Al-Cu-Fe quasicrystal by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). At about one monolayer coverage, the deposited Sn is found to form a smooth film of height consistent with one-half of the lattice constant of the bulk Sn. Analysis based on the Fourier transform and autocorrelation function derived from high-resolution STM images reveals that Sn grows pseudomorphically and hence exhibits a quasicrystalline structure. C1 Natl Inst Mat Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050047, Japan. Japan Sci & Technol Agcy, SORST, Kawaguchi, Saitama 3320012, Japan. Ames Lab, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Tohoku Univ, Inst Multidisciplinary Res Adv Mat, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan. RP Sharma, HR (reprint author), Natl Inst Mat Sci, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050047, Japan. EM hemraj.sharma@nims.go.jp OI Shimoda, Masahiko/0000-0002-6822-2836; Sharma, Hem Raj/0000-0003-0456-6258 NR 20 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 4 AR 045428 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.045428 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 950WV UT WOS:000230890300167 ER PT J AU Shen, TD Schwarz, RB Thompson, JD AF Shen, TD Schwarz, RB Thompson, JD TI Soft magnetism in mechanically alloyed nanocrystalline materials SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID FE-CU; GRAIN-SIZE; THERMAL-DECOMPOSITION; FE-10-PERCENT NI; AMORPHOUS-ALLOYS; FE-20-PERCENT NI; CO; POWDERS; MICROSTRUCTURE; FERROMAGNETS AB We study the magnetic properties of nanocrystalline Fe80Cu20 (at. %) and Fe92Al2Si6 (wt %) alloy powders prepared by mechanical alloying. Although these powders have crystallite sizes of approximately 10 nm, their coercivity is rather high, 20-30 Oe. We demonstrate that the main contribution to the coercivity in mechanically alloyed powders arises from the long-range fluctuations in the residual stress, which couples to total anisotropy factor via the magnetostriction of the alloy. The residual stress can be partially reduced by annealing within a narrow temperature range. We have modified the "random anisotropy model" to take into account the residual stress in the mechanically alloyed nanocrystalline powders. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Shen, TD (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Mail Stop G755, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM tdshen@lanl.gov NR 51 TC 60 Z9 60 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 1 AR 014431 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.014431 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 950WQ UT WOS:000230889800119 ER PT J AU Simon, F Janossy, A Feher, T Muranyi, F Garaj, S Forro, L Petrovic, C Bud'ko, S Ribeiro, RA Canfield, PC AF Simon, F Janossy, A Feher, T Muranyi, F Garaj, S Forro, L Petrovic, C Bud'ko, S Ribeiro, RA Canfield, PC TI Magnetic-field-induced density of states in MgB2: Spin susceptibility measured by conduction-electron spin resonance SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SUPERCONDUCTING MGB2; HEAT; BORON; MODEL AB The magnetic-field dependence of the electron spin susceptibility chi(s) was measured in the superconducting state of high-purity MgB2 fine powders from the intensity of the conduction-electron spin resonance at 3.8, 9.4, and 35 GHz. The measurements confirm that a large part of the density of states is restored at low temperatures at fields below 1 T in qualitative agreement with the closing of the pi band gaps in the two-band model. However, the increase of chi(s) with field and temperature is larger than expected from current superconductor models of MgB2. C1 Budapest Univ Technol & Econ, Inst Phys & Solids, Magnet Fields Res Grp, Hungarian Acad Sci, H-1521 Budapest, Hungary. Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Inst Phys Complex Matter, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, US Dept Enegy, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Budapest Univ Technol & Econ, Inst Phys & Solids, Magnet Fields Res Grp, Hungarian Acad Sci, POB 91, H-1521 Budapest, Hungary. RI Petrovic, Cedomir/A-8789-2009; Ribeiro, Raquel/B-9041-2012; Simon, Ferenc/G-7580-2011; Janossy, Andras/H-5415-2012; Garaj, Slaven/B-9782-2013; Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014 OI Petrovic, Cedomir/0000-0001-6063-1881; Ribeiro, Raquel/0000-0001-6075-1701; Simon, Ferenc/0000-0001-9822-4309; Garaj, Slaven/0000-0001-5529-4040; NR 29 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 1 AR 012511 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.012511 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 950WQ UT WOS:000230889800040 ER PT J AU Soderlind, P Landa, A AF Soderlind, P Landa, A TI Crystal stability and equation of state for Am: Theory SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID HIGH-PRESSURE; BRILLOUIN-ZONE; SPECIAL POINTS; PHASE; AMERICIUM; PU; APPROXIMATION; NP AB Density-functional electronic-structure calculations for americium metal concur with the recent reinterpretation of its high-pressure phases (AmIII and AmIV). The pressure-induced increased dominance of 5f-electron bonding (delocalization) is well described by electronic-structure calculations when electron spin and orbital correlations are considered. Also the calculated equation of state (EOS) agrees with experimental findings to a degree typically found for simpler metals. Am is known to adopt low-symmetry crystal structures at 10 GPa (AmIII: face-centered orthorhombic) and 16 GPa (AmIV: primitive orthorhombic). These transitions are reproduced by theory with a remarkable accuracy (11 and 16 GPa). At higher compression (60%) theory predicts a new bcc phase, AmV, to be stable. We argue that the AmI phase is stabilized by contributions from the d shell to the cohesion whereas all other phases follow from 5f-electron bonding. AmIV has often been associated with the face-centered orthorhombic alpha-U phase, which was its original interpretation. We show that AmIV is in fact closely related to the alpha-Np structure, which is of the same type (primitive orthorhombic). This distinction is important and explains the believed discord between theory and experiment for AmIV in the past. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Soderlind, P (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 36 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 2 AR 024109 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.024109 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 950WT UT WOS:000230890100030 ER PT J AU Trinkle, DR Hatch, DM Stokes, HT Hennig, RG Albers, RC AF Trinkle, DR Hatch, DM Stokes, HT Hennig, RG Albers, RC TI Systematic pathway generation and sorting in martensitic transformations: Titanium alpha to omega SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID TIGHT-BINDING; HIGH-PRESSURE; PHASE; TRANSITION; ZIRCONIUM; PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; MECHANISM; METALS AB Martensitic phase transitions appear in a diverse range of natural and engineering material systems. Examination of the energetics and kinetics of the transformation requires an understanding of the atomic mechanism for the transformation. A systematic pathway generation and sorting algorithm is presented and applied to the problem of the titanium alpha to omega transformation under pressure. The transformation pathways are separated into strain and shuffle components. All pathways are constructed within energetically motivated strain and shuffle constraints, and efficiently sorted by their energy barriers. The geometry and symmetry details of the seven lowest energy barrier pathways are given. The lack of a single simple geometric criterion for determining the lowest energy pathway shows the necessity of atomistic studies for pathway determination. The general algorithm can determine the pathway for any martensitic transformation. C1 USAF, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Dayton, OH 45433 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Brigham Young Univ, Provo, UT 84602 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP USAF, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Dayton, OH 45433 USA. RI Hennig, Richard/A-2978-2008; Trinkle, Dallas/E-6609-2010 OI Hennig, Richard/0000-0003-4933-7686; NR 29 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 18 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 1 AR 014105 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.014105 PG 11 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 950WQ UT WOS:000230889800049 ER PT J AU Vojta, T Schmalian, J AF Vojta, T Schmalian, J TI Quantum Griffiths effects in itinerant heisenberg magnets SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID FERMI-LIQUID BEHAVIOR; ISING SPIN-GLASS; RANDOM IMPURITIES; PHASE-TRANSITION; MCCOY SINGULARITIES; SYSTEMS; MODEL; FERROMAGNET; CHAIN; TEMPERATURE AB We study the influence of quenched disorder on quantum phase transitions in itinerant magnets with Heisenberg spin symmetry, paying particular attention to rare disorder fluctuations. In contrast to the Ising case where the Landau damping of the spin fluctuations suppresses the tunneling of the rare regions, the Heisenberg system displays strong power-law quantum Griffiths singularities in the vicinity of the quantum critical point. We discuss these phenomena based on general scaling arguments, and we illustrate them by an explicit calculation for O(N) spin symmetry in the large-N limit. We also discuss broad implications for the classification of quantum phase transitions in the presence of quenched disorder. C1 Univ Missouri, Dept Phys, Rolla, MO 65409 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Vojta, T (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Phys, Rolla, MO 65409 USA. RI Schmalian, Joerg/H-2313-2011 NR 49 TC 59 Z9 59 U1 3 U2 11 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 4 AR 045438 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.045438 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 950WV UT WOS:000230890300177 ER PT J AU Wang, LW AF Wang, LW TI Elastic quantum transport calculations using auxiliary periodic boundary conditions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-TRANSPORT; 1ST-PRINCIPLES; WIRES; CONDUCTANCE; MOLECULE; JUNCTION AB An efficient new method is presented to calculate the elastic (coherent) quantum transports using auxiliary periodic boundary conditions. This method allows the use of conventional ground state ab initio programs (e.g., planewave pseudopotential programs) with some small changes. The scattering states of the transport problem are solved exactly in a fast and numerically stable procedure. The total computational time of this method is similar to a conventional ground state calculation, which makes it possible to calculate the elastic quantum transports for large systems. Details of this method are presented so it can be implemented by the readers. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Computat Res Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Wang, LW (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Computat Res Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 28 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 4 AR 045417 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.045417 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 950WV UT WOS:000230890300156 ER PT J AU Wixom, RR Wright, AF AF Wixom, RR Wright, AF TI Binding of the N interstitial with neutral MgH in p-type GaN investigated with density functional theory SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID INITIO MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; WURTZITE GAN; EXCHANGE; HYDROGEN; THERMODYNAMICS; CONFIGURATIONS; TRANSITION; ENERGIES; BARRIERS; DEFECTS AB Density-functional theory and the generalized gradient approximation were utilized to investigate the interaction of N interstitials with neutral MgH centers in p-type GaN. Formation energies and the corresponding local-energy minimum configurations of the defect complex are reported along with the energy to dissociate the complex into isolated MgH and a N interstitial. The conclusion is that N interstitials will bind with MgH centers in p-type GaN(Mg,H), with binding energies of 0.71, 0.44, and 0.29 eV in the +3, +2, and +1 charge states, respectively. Hydrogen local-mode vibrational frequencies for the bound complex were estimated and compared to previous results for isolated MgH. The binding of a N interstitial to MgH perturbs the H stretch-mode frequency by 25 cm(-1). These results are discussed in the context of recent experiments at Sandia National Laboratories, which suggest that N interstitials, created by proton irradiation, become mobile during subsequent annealing and bind with MgH centers in p-type GaN(Mg,H). C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Wixom, RR (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 39 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 2 AR 024114 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.024114 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 950WT UT WOS:000230890100035 ER PT J AU Zhang, LX Zhang, SB Xue, QK Jia, JF Wang, EG AF Zhang, LX Zhang, SB Xue, QK Jia, JF Wang, EG TI Electronic structure of identical metal cluster arrays on Si(111)-7X7 surfaces SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ADSORPTION AB By using first-principles density-functional theory, we calculate the electronic properties of In and Al metal cluster arrays on Si(111), compared with those of the bare 7 x 7 surface. A systematic trend concerning how the formation of the clusters affects the band structures near the Fermi level is revealed. We show that the formation of the metal clusters does not actually introduce additional metallic states near the Fermi level, but rather makes the surfaces less metallic. Charge redistribution on the surfaces due to the cluster formation is also analyzed. We predict two different two-dimensional electron gases on the metal-covered surfaces, one with connecting metallic regions and one without. C1 Chinese Acad Sci, State Key Lab Surface Phys, Beijing 100080, Peoples R China. Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Int Ctr Quantum Struct, Beijing 100080, Peoples R China. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Chinese Acad Sci, State Key Lab Surface Phys, Beijing 100080, Peoples R China. RI Krausnick, Jennifer/D-6291-2013; Zhang, Shengbai/D-4885-2013 OI Zhang, Shengbai/0000-0003-0833-5860 NR 17 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 3 AR 033315 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.033315 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 950WU UT WOS:000230890200031 ER PT J AU Adams, J Aggarwal, MM Ahammed, Z Amonett, J Anderson, BD Arkhipkin, D Averichev, GS Badyal, SK Bai, Y Balewski, J Barannikova, O Barnby, LS Baudot, J Bekele, S Belaga, VV Bellwied, R Berger, J Bezverkhny, BI Bharadwaj, S Bhasin, A Bhati, AK Bhatia, VS Bichsel, H Bielcik, J Bielcikova, J Billmeier, A Bland, LC Blyth, CO Bonner, BE Botje, M Boucham, A Brandin, AV Bravar, A Bystersky, M Cadman, RV Cai, XZ Caines, H Sanchez, MCD Castillo, J Catu, O Cebra, D Chajecki, Z Chaloupka, P Chattopadhyay, S Chen, HF Chen, Y Cheng, J Cherney, M Chikanian, A Christie, W Coffin, JP Cormier, TM Cramer, JG Crawford, HJ Das, D Das, S de Moura, MM Derevschikov, AA Didenko, L Dietel, T Dogra, SM Dong, WJ Dong, X Draper, JE Du, F Dubey, AK Dunin, VB Dunlop, JC Mazumdar, MRD Eckardt, V Edwards, WR Efimov, LG Emelianov, V Engelage, J Eppley, G Erazmus, B Estienne, M Fachini, P Faivre, J Fatemi, R Fedorisin, J Filimonov, K Filip, P Finch, E Fine, V Fisyak, Y Fomenko, K Fu, J Gagliardi, CA Gaillard, L Gans, J Ganti, MS Gaudichet, L Guerts, F Ghazikhanian, V Ghosh, P Gonzalez, JE Grachov, O Grebenyuk, O Grosnick, D Guertin, SM Guo, Y Gupta, A Gutierrez, TD Hallman, TJ Hamed, A Hardtke, D Harris, JW Heinz, M Henry, TW Hepplemann, S Hippolyte, B Hirsch, A Hjort, E Hoffmann, GW Huang, HZ Huang, SL Hughes, EW Humanic, TJ Igo, G Ishihara, A Jacobs, P Jacobs, WW Janik, M Jiang, H Jones, PG Judd, EG Kabana, S Kang, K Kaplan, M Keane, D Khodyrev, VY Kiryluk, J Kisiel, A Kislov, EM Klay, J Klein, SR Koetke, DD Kollegger, T Kopytine, M Kotchenda, L Kramer, M Kravtsov, P Kravtsov, VI Krueger, K Kuhn, C Kulikov, AI Kumar, A Kutuev, RK Kuznetsov, AA Lamont, MAC Landgraf, JM Lange, S Laue, F Lauret, J Lebedev, A Lednicky, R Lehocka, S LeVine, MJ Li, C Li, Q Li, Y Lin, G Lindenbaum, SJ Lisa, MA Liu, F Liu, L Liu, QJ Liu, Z Ljubicic, T Llope, WJ Long, H Langacre, RS Lopez-Noriega, M Love, WA Lu, Y Ludlam, T Lynn, D Ma, GL Ma, JG Ma, YG Magestro, D Mahajan, S Mahapatra, DP Majka, R Mangotra, LK Manweiler, R Margetis, S Markert, C Martin, L Marx, JN Matis, HS Matulenko, YA McClain, CJ McShane, TS Meissner, F Melnick, Y Meschanin, A Miller, ML Minaev, NG Mironov, C Mischke, A Mishra, DK Mitchell, J Mohanty, B Molnar, L Moore, CF Morozov, DA Munhoz, MG Nandi, BK Nayak, SK Nayak, TK Nelson, JM Netrakanti, PK Nikitin, VA Nogach, LV Nurushev, SB Odyniec, G Ogawa, A Okorokov, V Oldenburg, M Olson, D Pal, SK Panebratsev, Y Panitkin, SY Pavlinov, AI Pawlak, T Peitzmann, T Perevoztchikov, V Perkins, C Peryt, W Petrov, VA Phatak, SC Picha, R Planinic, M Pluta, J Porile, N Porter, J Poskanzer, AM Potekhin, M Potrebenikova, E Potukuchi, BVKS Prindle, D Pruneau, C Putschke, J Rakness, G Raniwala, R Raniwala, S Ravel, O Ray, RL Razin, SV Reichhold, D Reid, JG Renault, G Retiere, F Ridiger, A Ritter, HG Roberts, JB Rogachevskiy, OV Romero, JL Rose, A Roy, C Ruan, L Sahoo, R Sakrejda, I Salur, S Sandweiss, J Sarsour, M Savin, I Sazhin, PS Schambach, J Scharenberg, RP Schmitz, N Schweda, K Seger, J Seyboth, P Shahaliev, E Shao, M Shao, W Sharma, M Shen, WQ Shestermanov, KE Shimanskiy, SS Sichtermann, E Simon, F Singaraju, RN Skoro, G Smirnov, N Snellings, R Sood, G Sorensen, P Sowinski, J Speltz, J Spinka, HM Srivastava, B Stadnik, A Stanislaus, TDS Stock, R Stolpovsky, A Strikhanov, M Stringfellow, B Suaide, AAP Sugarbaker, E Suire, C Sumbera, M Surrow, B Symons, TJM de Toledo, AS Szarwas, P Tai, A Takahashi, J Tang, AH Tarnowsky, T Thein, D Thomas, JH Timoshenko, S Tokarev, M Trainor, TA Trentalange, S Tribble, RE Tsai, OD Ulery, J Ullrich, T Underwood, DG Urkinbaev, A van Buren, G van Leeuwen, M Molen, AMV Varma, R Vasilevski, IM Vasiliev, AN Vernet, R Vigdor, SE Viyogi, YP Vokal, S Voloshin, SA Vznuzdaev, M Waggoner, WT Wang, F Wang, G Wang, G Wang, XL Wang, Y Wang, Y Wang, ZM Ward, H Watson, JW Webb, JC Wells, R Westfall, GD Wetzler, A Whitten, C Wieman, H Wissink, SW Witt, R Wood, J Wu, J Xu, N Xu, Z Xu, ZZ Yamamoto, E Yepes, P Yurevich, VI Zanevsky, YV Zhang, H Zhang, WM Zhang, ZP Zoulkarneev, R Zoulkarneeva, Y Zubarev, AN Braem, A Davenport, M Cataldo, GD Bari, DD Martinengo, P Nappi, E Paic, G Posa, E Puiz, F Schyns, E AF Adams, J Aggarwal, MM Ahammed, Z Amonett, J Anderson, BD Arkhipkin, D Averichev, GS Badyal, SK Bai, Y Balewski, J Barannikova, O Barnby, LS Baudot, J Bekele, S Belaga, VV Bellwied, R Berger, J Bezverkhny, BI Bharadwaj, S Bhasin, A Bhati, AK Bhatia, VS Bichsel, H Bielcik, J Bielcikova, J Billmeier, A Bland, LC Blyth, CO Bonner, BE Botje, M Boucham, A Brandin, AV Bravar, A Bystersky, M Cadman, RV Cai, XZ Caines, H Sanchez, MCD Castillo, J Catu, O Cebra, D Chajecki, Z Chaloupka, P Chattopadhyay, S Chen, HF Chen, Y Cheng, J Cherney, M Chikanian, A Christie, W Coffin, JP Cormier, TM Cramer, JG Crawford, HJ Das, D Das, S de Moura, MM Derevschikov, AA Didenko, L Dietel, T Dogra, SM Dong, WJ Dong, X Draper, JE Du, F Dubey, AK Dunin, VB Dunlop, JC Mazumdar, MRD Eckardt, V Edwards, WR Efimov, LG Emelianov, V Engelage, J Eppley, G Erazmus, B Estienne, M Fachini, P Faivre, J Fatemi, R Fedorisin, J Filimonov, K Filip, P Finch, E Fine, V Fisyak, Y Fomenko, K Fu, J Gagliardi, CA Gaillard, L Gans, J Ganti, MS Gaudichet, L Guerts, F Ghazikhanian, V Ghosh, P Gonzalez, JE Grachov, O Grebenyuk, O Grosnick, D Guertin, SM Guo, Y Gupta, A Gutierrez, TD Hallman, TJ Hamed, A Hardtke, D Harris, JW Heinz, M Henry, TW Hepplemann, S Hippolyte, B Hirsch, A Hjort, E Hoffmann, GW Huang, HZ Huang, SL Hughes, EW Humanic, TJ Igo, G Ishihara, A Jacobs, P Jacobs, WW Janik, M Jiang, H Jones, PG Judd, EG Kabana, S Kang, K Kaplan, M Keane, D Khodyrev, VY Kiryluk, J Kisiel, A Kislov, EM Klay, J Klein, SR Koetke, DD Kollegger, T Kopytine, M Kotchenda, L Kramer, M Kravtsov, P Kravtsov, VI Krueger, K Kuhn, C Kulikov, AI Kumar, A Kutuev, RK Kuznetsov, AA Lamont, MAC Landgraf, JM Lange, S Laue, F Lauret, J Lebedev, A Lednicky, R Lehocka, S LeVine, MJ Li, C Li, Q Li, Y Lin, G Lindenbaum, SJ Lisa, MA Liu, F Liu, L Liu, QJ Liu, Z Ljubicic, T Llope, WJ Long, H Langacre, RS Lopez-Noriega, M Love, WA Lu, Y Ludlam, T Lynn, D Ma, GL Ma, JG Ma, YG Magestro, D Mahajan, S Mahapatra, DP Majka, R Mangotra, LK Manweiler, R Margetis, S Markert, C Martin, L Marx, JN Matis, HS Matulenko, YA McClain, CJ McShane, TS Meissner, F Melnick, Y Meschanin, A Miller, ML Minaev, NG Mironov, C Mischke, A Mishra, DK Mitchell, J Mohanty, B Molnar, L Moore, CF Morozov, DA Munhoz, MG Nandi, BK Nayak, SK Nayak, TK Nelson, JM Netrakanti, PK Nikitin, VA Nogach, LV Nurushev, SB Odyniec, G Ogawa, A Okorokov, V Oldenburg, M Olson, D Pal, SK Panebratsev, Y Panitkin, SY Pavlinov, AI Pawlak, T Peitzmann, T Perevoztchikov, V Perkins, C Peryt, W Petrov, VA Phatak, SC Picha, R Planinic, M Pluta, J Porile, N Porter, J Poskanzer, AM Potekhin, M Potrebenikova, E Potukuchi, BVKS Prindle, D Pruneau, C Putschke, J Rakness, G Raniwala, R Raniwala, S Ravel, O Ray, RL Razin, SV Reichhold, D Reid, JG Renault, G Retiere, F Ridiger, A Ritter, HG Roberts, JB Rogachevskiy, OV Romero, JL Rose, A Roy, C Ruan, L Sahoo, R Sakrejda, I Salur, S Sandweiss, J Sarsour, M Savin, I Sazhin, PS Schambach, J Scharenberg, RP Schmitz, N Schweda, K Seger, J Seyboth, P Shahaliev, E Shao, M Shao, W Sharma, M Shen, WQ Shestermanov, KE Shimanskiy, SS Sichtermann, E Simon, F Singaraju, RN Skoro, G Smirnov, N Snellings, R Sood, G Sorensen, P Sowinski, J Speltz, J Spinka, HM Srivastava, B Stadnik, A Stanislaus, TDS Stock, R Stolpovsky, A Strikhanov, M Stringfellow, B Suaide, AAP Sugarbaker, E Suire, C Sumbera, M Surrow, B Symons, TJM de Toledo, AS Szarwas, P Tai, A Takahashi, J Tang, AH Tarnowsky, T Thein, D Thomas, JH Timoshenko, S Tokarev, M Trainor, TA Trentalange, S Tribble, RE Tsai, OD Ulery, J Ullrich, T Underwood, DG Urkinbaev, A van Buren, G van Leeuwen, M Molen, AMV Varma, R Vasilevski, IM Vasiliev, AN Vernet, R Vigdor, SE Viyogi, YP Vokal, S Voloshin, SA Vznuzdaev, M Waggoner, WT Wang, F Wang, G Wang, G Wang, XL Wang, Y Wang, Y Wang, ZM Ward, H Watson, JW Webb, JC Wells, R Westfall, GD Wetzler, A Whitten, C Wieman, H Wissink, SW Witt, R Wood, J Wu, J Xu, N Xu, Z Xu, ZZ Yamamoto, E Yepes, P Yurevich, VI Zanevsky, YV Zhang, H Zhang, WM Zhang, ZP Zoulkarneev, R Zoulkarneeva, Y Zubarev, AN Braem, A Davenport, M Cataldo, GD Bari, DD Martinengo, P Nappi, E Paic, G Posa, E Puiz, F Schyns, E CA Star Collaboration STAR-RICH Collaboration TI Azimuthal anisotropy in Au plus Au collisions at root S-NN=200 GeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; RELATIVISTIC NUCLEAR COLLISIONS; TIME PROJECTION CHAMBER; STAR-RICH DETECTOR; ELLIPTIC FLOW; AU+AU COLLISIONS; COLLECTIVE FLOW; PHASE-TRANSITION; SIGNATURE; QCD AB The results from the STAR Collaboration on directed flow (v(1)), elliptic flow (v(2)), and the fourth harmonic (v(4)) in the anisotropic azimuthal distribution of particles from Au+Au collisions at root s(NN) = 200 GeV are summarized and compared with results from other experiments and theoretical models. Results for identified particles are presented and fit with a blast-wave model. Different anisotropic flow analysis methods are compared and nonflow effects are extracted from the data. For v(2), scaling with the number of constituent quarks and parton coalescence are discussed. For v(4), scaling with v(2)(2) and quark coalescence are discussed. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland. Univ Birmingham, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Creighton Univ, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. AS CR, Inst Nucl Phys, CR-25068 Prague, Czech Republic. JINR, Lab High Energy, Dubna, Russia. JINR, Particle Phys Lab, Dubna, Russia. Goethe Univ Frankfurt, D-6000 Frankfurt, Germany. Inst Phys, Bhubaneswar 751005, Orissa, India. Indian Inst Technol, Bombay 400076, Maharashtra, India. Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA. Inst Rech Subatom, Strasbourg, France. Univ Jammu, Jammu 180001, India. Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Moscow Engn Phys Inst, Moscow, Russia. CUNY City Coll, New York, NY 10031 USA. NIKHEF, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Univ Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, Rajasthan, India. Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA. Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Univ Sci & Technol China, Anhui 230027, Peoples R China. Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Shanghai 201800, Peoples R China. SUBATECH, Nantes, France. Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Tsinghua Univ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. Valparaiso Univ, Valparaiso, IN 46383 USA. Ctr Variable Energy Cyclotron, Kolkata 700064, W Bengal, India. Warsaw Univ Technol, Warsaw, Poland. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. CCNU HZNU, Inst Particle Phys, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Univ Zagreb, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia. RI Barnby, Lee/G-2135-2010; Mischke, Andre/D-3614-2011; Takahashi, Jun/B-2946-2012; Chen, Yu/E-3788-2012; Planinic, Mirko/E-8085-2012; Peitzmann, Thomas/K-2206-2012; Witt, Richard/H-3560-2012; Castillo Castellanos, Javier/G-8915-2013; Voloshin, Sergei/I-4122-2013; Lednicky, Richard/K-4164-2013; Sumbera, Michal/O-7497-2014; Skoro, Goran/F-3642-2010; Skoro, Goran/P-1229-2014; Strikhanov, Mikhail/P-7393-2014; Dogra, Sunil /B-5330-2013; Kisiel, Adam/O-8754-2015; Chaloupka, Petr/E-5965-2012; Suaide, Alexandre/L-6239-2016; Okorokov, Vitaly/C-4800-2017; Ma, Yu-Gang/M-8122-2013 OI Barnby, Lee/0000-0001-7357-9904; Takahashi, Jun/0000-0002-4091-1779; Peitzmann, Thomas/0000-0002-7116-899X; Castillo Castellanos, Javier/0000-0002-5187-2779; Sumbera, Michal/0000-0002-0639-7323; Skoro, Goran/0000-0001-7745-9045; Strikhanov, Mikhail/0000-0003-2586-0405; Kisiel, Adam/0000-0001-8322-9510; Suaide, Alexandre/0000-0003-2847-6556; Okorokov, Vitaly/0000-0002-7162-5345; Ma, Yu-Gang/0000-0002-0233-9900 NR 92 TC 439 Z9 444 U1 1 U2 22 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 EI 1089-490X J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 1 AR 014904 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.72.014904 PG 23 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 950WL UT WOS:000230889300049 ER PT J AU Adler, SS Afanasiev, S Aidala, C Ajitanand, NN Akiba, Y Alexander, J Amirikas, R Aphecetche, L Aronson, SH Averbeck, R Awes, TC Azmoun, R Babintsev, V Baldisseri, A Barish, KN Barnes, PD Bassalleck, B Bathe, S Batsouli, S Baublis, V Bazilevsky, A Belikov, S Berdnikov, Y Bhagavatula, S Boissevain, JG Borel, H Borenstein, S Brooks, ML Brown, DS Bruner, N Bucher, D Buesching, H Bumazhnov, V Bunce, G Burward-Hoy, JM Butsyk, S Camard, X Chai, JS Chand, P Chang, WC Chernichenko, S Chi, CY Chiba, J Chiu, M Choi, IJ Choi, J Choudhury, RK Chujo, T Cianciolo, V Cobigo, Y Cole, BA Constantin, P d'Enterria, DG David, G Delagrange, H Denisov, A Deshpande, A Desmond, EJ Devismes, A Dietzsch, O Drapier, O Drees, A du Rietz, R Durum, A Dutta, D Efremenko, YV El Chenawi, K Enokizono, A En'yo, H Esumi, S Ewell, L Fields, DE Fleuret, F Fokin, SL Fox, BD Fraenkel, Z Frantz, JE Franz, A Frawley, AD Fung, SY Garpman, S Ghosh, TK Glenn, A Gogiberidze, G Gonin, M Gosset, J Goto, Y de Cassagnac, RG Grau, N Greene, SV Perdekamp, MG Guryn, W Gustafsson, HA Hachiya, T Haggerty, JS Hamagaki, H Hansen, AG Hartouni, EP Harvey, M Hayano, R Hayashi, N He, X Heffner, M Hemmick, TK Heuser, JM Hibino, M Hill, JC Holzmann, W Homma, K Hong, B Hoover, A Ichihara, T Ikonnikov, VV Imai, K Isenhower, D Ishihara, M Issah, M Isupov, A Jacak, BV Jang, WY Jeong, Y Jia, J Jinnouchi, O Johnson, BM Johnson, SC Joo, KS Jouan, D Kametani, S Kamihara, N Kang, JH Kapoor, SS Katou, K Kelly, S Khachaturov, B Khanzadeev, A Kikuchi, J Kim, DH Kim, DJ Kim, DW Kim, E Kim, GB Kim, HJ Kistenev, E Kiyomichi, A Kiyoyama, K Klein-Boesing, C Kobayashi, H Kochenda, L Kochetkov, V Koehler, D Kohama, T Kopytine, M Kotchetkov, D Kozlov, A Kroon, PJ Kuberg, CH Kurita, K Kuroki, Y Kweon, MJ Kwon, Y Kyle, GS Lacey, R Ladygin, V Lajoie, JG Lebedev, A Leckey, S Lee, DM Lee, S Leitch, MJ Li, XH Lim, H Litvinenko, A Liu, MX Liu, Y Maguire, CF Makdisi, YI Malakhov, A Manko, VI Mao, Y Martinez, G Marx, MD Masui, H Matathias, F Matsumoto, T McGaughey, PL Melnikov, E Messer, F Miake, Y Milan, J Miller, TE Milov, A Mioduszewski, S Mischke, RE Mishra, GC Mitchell, JT Mohanty, AK Morrison, DP Moss, JM Muhlbacher, F Mukhopadhyay, D Muniruzzaman, M Murata, J Nagamiya, S Nagle, JL Nakamura, T Nandi, BK Nara, M Newby, J Nilsson, P Nyanin, AS Nystrand, J O'Brien, E Ogilvie, CA Ohnishi, H Ojha, ID Okada, K Ono, M Onuchin, V Oskarsson, A Otterlund, I Oyama, K Ozawa, K Pal, D Palounek, APT Pantuev, VS Papavassiliou, V Park, J Parmar, A Pate, SF Peitzmann, T Peng, JC Peresedov, V Pinkenburg, C Pisani, RP Plasil, F Purschke, ML Purwar, AK Rak, J Ravinovich, I Read, KF Reuter, M Reygers, K Riabov, V Riabov, Y Roche, G Romana, A Rosati, M Rosnet, P Ryu, SS Sadler, ME Saito, N Sakaguchi, T Sakai, M Sakai, S Samsonov, V Sanfratello, L Santo, R Sato, HD Sato, S Sawada, S Schutz, Y Semenov, V Seto, R Shaw, MR Shea, TK Shibata, TA Shigaki, K Shiina, T Silva, CL Silvermyr, D Sim, KS Singh, CP Singh, V Sivertz, M Soldatov, A Soltz, RA Sondheim, WE Sorensen, SP Sourikova, IV Staley, F Stankus, PW Stenlund, E Stepanov, M Ster, A Stoll, SP Sugitate, T Sullivan, JP Takagui, EM Taketani, A Tamai, M Tanaka, KH Tanaka, Y Tanida, K Tannenbaum, MJ Tarjan, P Tepe, JD Thomas, TL Tojo, J Torii, H Towell, RS Tserruya, I Tsuruoka, H Tuli, SK Tydesjo, H Tyurin, N van Hecke, HW Velkovska, J Velkovsky, M Veszpremi, V Villatte, L Vinogradov, AA Volkov, MA Vznuzdaev, E Wang, XR Watanabe, Y White, SN Wohn, FK Woody, CL Xie, W Yang, Y Yanovich, A Yokkaichi, S Young, GR Yushmanov, IE Zajc, WA Zhang, C Zhou, S Zhou, SJ Zolin, L AF Adler, SS Afanasiev, S Aidala, C Ajitanand, NN Akiba, Y Alexander, J Amirikas, R Aphecetche, L Aronson, SH Averbeck, R Awes, TC Azmoun, R Babintsev, V Baldisseri, A Barish, KN Barnes, PD Bassalleck, B Bathe, S Batsouli, S Baublis, V Bazilevsky, A Belikov, S Berdnikov, Y Bhagavatula, S Boissevain, JG Borel, H Borenstein, S Brooks, ML Brown, DS Bruner, N Bucher, D Buesching, H Bumazhnov, V Bunce, G Burward-Hoy, JM Butsyk, S Camard, X Chai, JS Chand, P Chang, WC Chernichenko, S Chi, CY Chiba, J Chiu, M Choi, IJ Choi, J Choudhury, RK Chujo, T Cianciolo, V Cobigo, Y Cole, BA Constantin, P d'Enterria, DG David, G Delagrange, H Denisov, A Deshpande, A Desmond, EJ Devismes, A Dietzsch, O Drapier, O Drees, A du Rietz, R Durum, A Dutta, D Efremenko, YV El Chenawi, K Enokizono, A En'yo, H Esumi, S Ewell, L Fields, DE Fleuret, F Fokin, SL Fox, BD Fraenkel, Z Frantz, JE Franz, A Frawley, AD Fung, SY Garpman, S Ghosh, TK Glenn, A Gogiberidze, G Gonin, M Gosset, J Goto, Y de Cassagnac, RG Grau, N Greene, SV Perdekamp, MG Guryn, W Gustafsson, HA Hachiya, T Haggerty, JS Hamagaki, H Hansen, AG Hartouni, EP Harvey, M Hayano, R Hayashi, N He, X Heffner, M Hemmick, TK Heuser, JM Hibino, M Hill, JC Holzmann, W Homma, K Hong, B Hoover, A Ichihara, T Ikonnikov, VV Imai, K Isenhower, D Ishihara, M Issah, M Isupov, A Jacak, BV Jang, WY Jeong, Y Jia, J Jinnouchi, O Johnson, BM Johnson, SC Joo, KS Jouan, D Kametani, S Kamihara, N Kang, JH Kapoor, SS Katou, K Kelly, S Khachaturov, B Khanzadeev, A Kikuchi, J Kim, DH Kim, DJ Kim, DW Kim, E Kim, GB Kim, HJ Kistenev, E Kiyomichi, A Kiyoyama, K Klein-Boesing, C Kobayashi, H Kochenda, L Kochetkov, V Koehler, D Kohama, T Kopytine, M Kotchetkov, D Kozlov, A Kroon, PJ Kuberg, CH Kurita, K Kuroki, Y Kweon, MJ Kwon, Y Kyle, GS Lacey, R Ladygin, V Lajoie, JG Lebedev, A Leckey, S Lee, DM Lee, S Leitch, MJ Li, XH Lim, H Litvinenko, A Liu, MX Liu, Y Maguire, CF Makdisi, YI Malakhov, A Manko, VI Mao, Y Martinez, G Marx, MD Masui, H Matathias, F Matsumoto, T McGaughey, PL Melnikov, E Messer, F Miake, Y Milan, J Miller, TE Milov, A Mioduszewski, S Mischke, RE Mishra, GC Mitchell, JT Mohanty, AK Morrison, DP Moss, JM Muhlbacher, F Mukhopadhyay, D Muniruzzaman, M Murata, J Nagamiya, S Nagle, JL Nakamura, T Nandi, BK Nara, M Newby, J Nilsson, P Nyanin, AS Nystrand, J O'Brien, E Ogilvie, CA Ohnishi, H Ojha, ID Okada, K Ono, M Onuchin, V Oskarsson, A Otterlund, I Oyama, K Ozawa, K Pal, D Palounek, APT Pantuev, VS Papavassiliou, V Park, J Parmar, A Pate, SF Peitzmann, T Peng, JC Peresedov, V Pinkenburg, C Pisani, RP Plasil, F Purschke, ML Purwar, AK Rak, J Ravinovich, I Read, KF Reuter, M Reygers, K Riabov, V Riabov, Y Roche, G Romana, A Rosati, M Rosnet, P Ryu, SS Sadler, ME Saito, N Sakaguchi, T Sakai, M Sakai, S Samsonov, V Sanfratello, L Santo, R Sato, HD Sato, S Sawada, S Schutz, Y Semenov, V Seto, R Shaw, MR Shea, TK Shibata, TA Shigaki, K Shiina, T Silva, CL Silvermyr, D Sim, KS Singh, CP Singh, V Sivertz, M Soldatov, A Soltz, RA Sondheim, WE Sorensen, SP Sourikova, IV Staley, F Stankus, PW Stenlund, E Stepanov, M Ster, A Stoll, SP Sugitate, T Sullivan, JP Takagui, EM Taketani, A Tamai, M Tanaka, KH Tanaka, Y Tanida, K Tannenbaum, MJ Tarjan, P Tepe, JD Thomas, TL Tojo, J Torii, H Towell, RS Tserruya, I Tsuruoka, H Tuli, SK Tydesjo, H Tyurin, N van Hecke, HW Velkovska, J Velkovsky, M Veszpremi, V Villatte, L Vinogradov, AA Volkov, MA Vznuzdaev, E Wang, XR Watanabe, Y White, SN Wohn, FK Woody, CL Xie, W Yang, Y Yanovich, A Yokkaichi, S Young, GR Yushmanov, IE Zajc, WA Zhang, C Zhou, S Zhou, SJ Zolin, L CA PHENIX Collaboaration TI Production of phi mesons at midrapidity in root S-NN=200 GeVAu+Au collisions at relativistic energies SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; SULFUR-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS; PROTON-PROTON COLLISIONS; CENTRALITY DEPENDENCE; FINITE-TEMPERATURE; PB+PB COLLISIONS; BARYON NUMBER; DENSE MATTER; STRANGENESS AB We present the results of phi meson production in the K+K- decay channel from Au+Au collisions at root s(NN) =200 GeV as measured at midrapidity by the PHENIX detector at Brookhaven National Laboratory's Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. Precision resonance centroid and width values are extracted as a function of collision centrality. No significant variation from the Particle Data Group accepted values is observed, contrary to some model predictions. The phi transverse mass spectra are fitted with a linear exponential function for which the derived inverse slope parameter is seen to be constant as a function of centrality. However, when these data are fitted by a hydrodynamic model the result is that the centrality-dependent freeze-out temperature and the expansion velocity values are consistent with the values previously derived from fitting identified charged hadron data. As a function of transverse momentum the collisions scaled peripheral-to-central yield ratio R-CP for the phi is comparable to that of pions rather than that of protons. This result lends support to theoretical models that distinguish between baryons and mesons instead of particle mass for explaining the anomalous (anti) proton yield. C1 Abilene Christian Univ, Abilene, TX 79699 USA. Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. Banaras Hindu Univ, Dept Phys, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India. Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Bombay 400085, Maharashtra, India. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. China Inst Atom Energy, Beijing, Peoples R China. Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Sci, Ctr Nucl Study, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. Nevis Labs, Irvington, NY 10533 USA. Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. CEA Saclay, Dapnia, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Debrecen Univ, H-4010 Debrecen, Hungary. Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Georgia State Univ, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. Hiroshima Univ, Higashihiroshima 7398526, Japan. Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Moscow Region, Russia. KAERI, Cyclotron Applicat Lab, Seoul, South Korea. Kangnung Natl Univ, Kangnung 210702, South Korea. KEK, High Energy Accelerator Res Org, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. RMKI, KFKI, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary. Korea Univ, Seoul 136701, South Korea. Kurchatov Inst, Russian Res Ctr, Moscow, Russia. Kyoto Univ, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. Ecole Polytech, CNRS, Lab Leprince Ringuet, IN2P3, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Clermont Ferrand, LPC, CNRS, IN2P3, F-63177 Aubiere, France. Lund Univ, Dept Phys, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden. Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany. Myongji Univ, Yongin 449728, Kyonggido, South Korea. Nagasaki Inst Appl Sci, Nagasaki 8510193, Japan. Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. New Mexico State Univ, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Paris 11, IPN, CNRS, IN2P3, F-91406 Orsay, France. Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, Gatchina, Russia. RIKEN, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. Brookhaven Natl Lab, BNL Res Ctr, RIKEN, Upton, NY 11973 USA. St Petersburg State Tech Univ, St Petersburg, Russia. Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis, BR-05315970 Sao Paulo, Brazil. Seoul Natl Univ, Syst Elect Lab, Seoul, South Korea. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook Univ, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook Univ, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Univ Nantes, SUBATECH, CNRS, IN2P3,Ecole Mines, F-44307 Nantes, France. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. Univ Tsukuba, Inst Phys, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Waseda Univ, Adv Sci & Technol Res Inst, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1620044, Japan. Weizmann Inst Sci, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. Yonsei Univ, IPAP, Seoul 120749, South Korea. EM zajc@nevis.columbia.edu RI seto, richard/G-8467-2011; Peitzmann, Thomas/K-2206-2012; du Rietz, Rickard/I-3794-2013; En'yo, Hideto/B-2440-2015; Hayano, Ryugo/F-7889-2012; HAMAGAKI, HIDEKI/G-4899-2014; Durum, Artur/C-3027-2014; Yokkaichi, Satoshi/C-6215-2017; Taketani, Atsushi/E-1803-2017; Semenov, Vitaliy/E-9584-2017 OI Peitzmann, Thomas/0000-0002-7116-899X; du Rietz, Rickard/0000-0002-9884-9058; Hayano, Ryugo/0000-0002-1214-7806; Taketani, Atsushi/0000-0002-4776-2315; NR 79 TC 76 Z9 76 U1 6 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 1 AR 014903 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.72.014903 PG 23 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 950WL UT WOS:000230889300048 ER PT J AU Arsene, I Bearden, IG Beavis, D Besliu, C Budick, B Boggild, H Chasman, C Christensen, CH Christiansen, P Cibor, J Debbe, R Enger, E Gaardhoje, JJ Germinario, M Hagel, K Ito, H Jipa, A Jundt, F Jordre, JI Jorgensen, CE Karabowicz, R Kim, EJ Kozik, T Larsen, TM Lee, JH Lee, YK Lindal, S Lystad, R Lovhoiden, G Majka, Z Makeev, A Mikelsen, M Murray, M Natowitz, J Neumann, B Nielsen, BS Ouerdane, D Planeta, R Rami, F Ristea, C Ristea, O Rohrich, D Samset, BH Sandberg, D Sanders, SJ Scheetz, RA Staszel, P Tveter, TS Videbaek, F Wada, R Yin, Z Zgura, IS AF Arsene, I Bearden, IG Beavis, D Besliu, C Budick, B Boggild, H Chasman, C Christensen, CH Christiansen, P Cibor, J Debbe, R Enger, E Gaardhoje, JJ Germinario, M Hagel, K Ito, H Jipa, A Jundt, F Jordre, JI Jorgensen, CE Karabowicz, R Kim, EJ Kozik, T Larsen, TM Lee, JH Lee, YK Lindal, S Lystad, R Lovhoiden, G Majka, Z Makeev, A Mikelsen, M Murray, M Natowitz, J Neumann, B Nielsen, BS Ouerdane, D Planeta, R Rami, F Ristea, C Ristea, O Rohrich, D Samset, BH Sandberg, D Sanders, SJ Scheetz, RA Staszel, P Tveter, TS Videbaek, F Wada, R Yin, Z Zgura, IS CA BRAHMS Collaboration TI Centrality dependent particle production at y=0 and y similar to 1 in Au+Au collisions at root s(NN)=200 GeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; BRAHMS EXPERIMENT; PHENOMENOLOGY; PERSPECTIVE; RATIO AB Particle production of identified charged hadrons, pi(+/-), K+/-, p, and p in Au+Au collisions at root s(NN) = 200 GeV, has been studied as a function of transverse momentum and collision centrality at y = 0 and y similar to 1 by the BRAHMS experiment at Brookhaven National Laboratory's Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider. Significant collective transverse flow at kinetic freeze-out has been observed in the collisions. The magnitude of the flow rises with the collision centrality. Proton and kaon yields relative to the pion production increase strongly as the transverse momentum increases and also increase with centrality. Particle yields per participant nucleon show a weak dependence on the centrality for all particle species. Hadron production remains relatively constant within one unit around midrapidity in Au+n Au collisions at root s(NN) = 200 GeV. C1 Univ Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Inst Rech Subatom, Strasbourg, France. Univ Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France. Inst Nucl Phys, Krakow, Poland. Jagiellonian Univ, Smoluchkowski Inst Phys, Krakow, Poland. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. NYU, New York, NY 10003 USA. Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Univ Bergen, Dept Phys, Bergen, Norway. Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. Univ Oslo, Dept Phys, Oslo, Norway. RP Univ Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania. RI Christensen, Christian Holm/A-4901-2010; Christensen, Christian/D-6461-2012; Bearden, Ian/M-4504-2014; Samset, Bjorn H./B-9248-2012 OI Christensen, Christian Holm/0000-0002-1850-0121; Christensen, Christian/0000-0002-1850-0121; Bearden, Ian/0000-0003-2784-3094; Samset, Bjorn H./0000-0001-8013-1833 NR 40 TC 59 Z9 59 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 1 AR 014908 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.72.014908 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 950WL UT WOS:000230889300053 ER PT J AU Bonneau, L Quentin, P AF Bonneau, L Quentin, P TI Fission barriers and fission paths of the Se-70 nucleus within a microscopic approach SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID ASYMMETRIC FISSION; HEAVIEST ELEMENTS; GROUND-STATE; HARTREE-FOCK; HEAVY-NUCLEI; MASS; SHAPES; ENERGY; DISTRIBUTIONS; SE-70,SE-76 AB The fission barriers as well as different fission paths of the Se-70 nucleus have been microscopically investigated within a constrained Skyrme-Hartree-Fock plus BCS approach using the SkM(*) effective interaction. The effects of intrinsic reflection asymmetric deformations have been taken into account while axial symmetry around the fission direction has been assumed. The two-body part of the center of mass correction has been included in a perturbative way and has been found to weakly contribute to the calculated barrier heights. Upper limits of the latter have been evaluated as the heights with respect to the ground state energy of the lowest saddle points obtained along continuous paths in a reasonably dimensioned collective space connecting one-body shaped and two-body shaped configurations. They have been found somewhat higher than what is expected from other theoretical studies. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. CEN Bordeaux Gradignan, CNRS, IN2P3, F-33175 Gradignan, France. Univ Bordeaux 1, F-33175 Gradignan, France. RP Bonneau, L (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, MS B283, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 38 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 1 AR 014311 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.72.014311 PG 13 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 950WL UT WOS:000230889300028 ER PT J AU du Rietz, R Williams, SJ Rudolph, D Ekman, J Fahlander, C Andreoiu, C Axiotis, M Bentley, MA Carpenter, MP Chandler, C Charity, RJ Clark, RM Cromaz, M Dewald, A de Angelis, G Della Vedova, F Fallon, P Gadea, A Hammond, G Ideguchi, E Lenzi, SM Macchiavelli, AO Marginean, N Mineva, MN Moller, O Napoli, DR Nespolo, M Reviol, W Rusu, C Saha, B Sarantites, DG Seweryniak, D Tonev, D Ur, CA AF du Rietz, R Williams, SJ Rudolph, D Ekman, J Fahlander, C Andreoiu, C Axiotis, M Bentley, MA Carpenter, MP Chandler, C Charity, RJ Clark, RM Cromaz, M Dewald, A de Angelis, G Della Vedova, F Fallon, P Gadea, A Hammond, G Ideguchi, E Lenzi, SM Macchiavelli, AO Marginean, N Mineva, MN Moller, O Napoli, DR Nespolo, M Reviol, W Rusu, C Saha, B Sarantites, DG Seweryniak, D Tonev, D Ur, CA TI Investigation of high-spin states in Fe-53 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID SHELL-MODEL; RESPONSE CHARACTERISTICS; CHANNEL-SELECTION; GAMMASPHERE AB The fusion-evaporation reactions Si-28(S-32,1 alpha 2p1n)Fe-53 at 125 MeV and Mg-24(S-32,2p1n)Fe-53 at a 95-MeV beam energy were used to investigate excited states in Fe-53. The combination of the Gammasphere Ge detector array and ancillary devices led to the construction of an extensive level scheme comprising some 90 transitions connecting 40 states. The lifetime of the yrast 25/2(-) state and upper limits for the lifetimes of a number of additional states were determined using the Cologne plunger device coupled to the GASP gamma-ray spectrometer. The experimental results are compared to large-scale shell-model calculations using different sets of two-body matrix elements. In particular, predictions on electromagnetic decay properties such as lifetimes, branching ratios, and mixing ratios are studied in detail. C1 Lund Univ, Dept Phys, S-22100 Lund, Sweden. Univ Keele, Sch Chem & Phys, Keele ST5 5BG, Staffs, England. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Legnaro, I-35020 Legnaro, Italy. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Washington Univ, Dept Chem, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Cologne, Inst Kernphys, D-50937 Cologne, Germany. Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis, I-35141 Padua, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35141 Padua, Italy. RP du Rietz, R (reprint author), Lund Univ, Dept Phys, S-22100 Lund, Sweden. RI Rudolph, Dirk/D-4259-2009; Lenzi, Silvia/I-6750-2012; Ekman, Jorgen/C-1385-2013; Axiotis, Michail/D-3550-2013; Napoli, Daniel R./D-9863-2012; du Rietz, Rickard/I-3794-2013; Gadea, Andres/L-8529-2014; Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015; Dewald, Alfred/O-5810-2015; Marginean, Nicolae Marius/C-4732-2011; Mineva, Milena/L-4894-2016 OI Rudolph, Dirk/0000-0003-1199-3055; Napoli, Daniel R./0000-0002-8154-6958; du Rietz, Rickard/0000-0002-9884-9058; Gadea, Andres/0000-0002-4233-1970; Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734; NR 25 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 1 AR 014307 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.72.014307 PG 10 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 950WL UT WOS:000230889300024 ER PT J AU Fong, D Hwang, JK Ramayya, AV Hamilton, JH Luo, YX Gore, PM Jones, EF Walters, WB Rasmussen, JO Stoyer, MA Zhu, SJ Lee, IY Macchiavelli, AO Wu, SC Daniel, AV Ter-Akopian, GM Oganessian, YT Cole, JD Donangelo, R Ma, WC AF Fong, D Hwang, JK Ramayya, AV Hamilton, JH Luo, YX Gore, PM Jones, EF Walters, WB Rasmussen, JO Stoyer, MA Zhu, SJ Lee, IY Macchiavelli, AO Wu, SC Daniel, AV Ter-Akopian, GM Oganessian, YT Cole, JD Donangelo, R Ma, WC TI Negative parity bands of Pd-115 and band structures in Pd-113,Pd-115,Pd-117 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID ION-INDUCED FISSION; PALLADIUM ISOTOPES; IDENTIFICATION; DECAY; STATES AB Level structures of Pd-113,Pd-115,Pd-117 have been studied using the Gammasphere and a spontaneous fission source of Cf-252. A new 85.1-keV transition was identified in Pd-113. This indicates that the spin and parity of the isomeric state is 9/2(-) rather than the previously assigned 11/2(-). New low-energy transitions are confirmed in Pd-115,Pd-117. In Pd-115, the 39.0.- and 49.0-keV transitions are shown to be in prompt coincidence. This coincidence relationship indicates a spin and parity assignment of 1/2(+) for the ground state rather than the previously assigned 3/2(+). C1 Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Modern Phys, Lanzhou, Peoples R China. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Tsing Hua Univ, Dept Phys, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. JINR, Flerov Lab Nucl React, Dubna, Russia. Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Inst Fis, BR-21945 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Mississippi State Univ, Dept Phys, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Fong, D (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. NR 15 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 1 AR 014315 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.72.014315 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 950WL UT WOS:000230889300032 ER PT J AU Friar, JL Payne, GL AF Friar, JL Payne, GL TI Nuclear corrections to hyperfine structure in light hydrogenic atoms SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID DEUTERIUM; MOMENTS; PROTON AB Hyperfine intervals in light hydrogenic atoms and ions are among the most accurately measured quantities in physics. The theory of QED corrections has recently advanced to the point that uncalculated terms for hydrogenic atoms and ions are probably smaller than 0.1 parts per million (ppm), and the experiments are even more accurate. The difference of the experiments and QED theory is interpreted as the effect on the hyperfine interaction of the (finite) nuclear charge and magnetization distributions, and this difference varies from tens to hundreds of ppm. We have calculated the dominant component of the 1s hyperfine interval for deuterium, tritium, and singly ionized helium, using modern second-generation potentials to compute the nuclear component of the hyperfine splitting for the deuteron and the trinucleon systems. The calculated nuclear corrections are within 3% of the experimental values for deuterium and tritium, but are about 20% discrepant for singly ionized helium. The nuclear corrections for the trinucleon systems can be qualitatively understood by the invoking of SU(4) symmetry. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Iowa, Dept Phys & Astron, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. RP Friar, JL (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 37 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 1 AR 014002 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.72.014002 PG 11 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 950WL UT WOS:000230889300011 ER PT J AU Friar, JL Payne, GL AF Friar, JL Payne, GL TI Deuteron dipole polarizabilities and sum rules SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID EFFECTIVE-FIELD THEORY; ELECTRIC POLARIZABILITY; MAGNETIC MOMENTS; ATOMS AB The scalar, vector, and tensor components of the (generalized) deuteron electric dipole polarizability are calculated, as well as their logarithmic modifications. Several of these quantities arise in the treatment of the nuclear corrections to the deuterium Lamb shift and the deuterium hyperfine structure. A variety of second-generation potential models are used, and a (subjective) error is assigned to the calculations. The zero-range approximation is used to analyze a subset of the results, and a simple relativistic version of this approximation is developed. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Iowa, Dept Phys & Astron, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. RP Friar, JL (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 23 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 1 AR 014004 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.72.014004 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 950WL UT WOS:000230889300013 ER PT J AU Gregorich, KE Loveland, W Peterson, D Zielinski, PM Nelson, SL Chung, YH Dullmann, CE Folden, CM Aleklett, K Eichler, R Hoffman, DC Omtvedt, JP Pang, GK Schwantes, JM Soverna, S Sprunger, P Sudowe, R Wilson, RE Nitsche, H AF Gregorich, KE Loveland, W Peterson, D Zielinski, PM Nelson, SL Chung, YH Dullmann, CE Folden, CM Aleklett, K Eichler, R Hoffman, DC Omtvedt, JP Pang, GK Schwantes, JM Soverna, S Sprunger, P Sudowe, R Wilson, RE Nitsche, H TI Attempt to confirm superheavy element production in the Ca-48+U-238 reaction SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID SEPARATOR; NUCLEI; DETECTORS; ISOTOPES; CA-48 AB An attempt to confirm production of superheavy elements in the reaction of Ca-48 beams with actinide targets has been performed using the U-238(Ca-48,3n)(283)112 reaction. Two Ca-48 projectile energies were used that spanned the energy range where the largest cross sections have been reported for this reaction. No spontaneous fission events were observed. No alpha decay chains consistent with either reported or theoretically predicted element 112 decay properties were observed. The cross-section limits reached are significantly smaller than the recently reported cross sections. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Oregon State Univ, Dept Chem, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Hallym Univ, Dept Chem, Chunchon 200702, South Korea. Uppsala Univ, Dept Chem, SE-75105 Uppsala, Sweden. Paul Scherrer Inst, Labor Radio & Umweltchem, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. Univ Bern, Dept Chem & Biochem, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland. Univ Oslo, Dept Chem, NO-0316 Oslo, Norway. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Gregorich, KE (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Schwantes, Jon/A-7318-2009; Wilson, Richard/H-1763-2011; Eichler, Robert/G-5130-2011; Omtvedt, Jon Petter/C-8194-2011; Folden, Charles/F-1033-2015 OI Wilson, Richard/0000-0001-8618-5680; Omtvedt, Jon Petter/0000-0002-1822-7348; Folden, Charles/0000-0002-2814-3762 NR 27 TC 85 Z9 85 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 1 AR 014605 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.72.014605 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 950WL UT WOS:000230889300037 ER PT J AU Jeon, SY AF Jeon, SY TI Boltzmann equation in classical and quantum field theory SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID GLUON DISTRIBUTION-FUNCTIONS; HILBERT-SPACE STRUCTURE; TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM; LARGE NUCLEI; COLLISIONS; MECHANICS; DYNAMICS AB Improving upon the previous treatment by Mueller and Son, we derive the Boltzmann equation that results from a classical scalar field theory. This is obtained by starting from the corresponding quantum field theory and taking the classical limit with particular emphasis on the path integral and perturbation theory. A previously overlooked Van Vleck determinant is shown to control the tadpole type of self-energy that can still appear in the classical perturbation theory. Further comments on the validity of the approximations and possible applications are also given. C1 McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN, Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Jeon, SY (reprint author), McGill Univ, Dept Phys, 3600 Univ St, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. NR 24 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 EI 1089-490X J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 1 AR 014907 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.72.014907 PG 10 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 950WL UT WOS:000230889300052 ER PT J AU Lestone, JP AF Lestone, JP TI Temperature of low-energy ternary fission from the dependence of particle yields on the mass of the fissioning system SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID NEUTRON FISSION; ALPHA-PARTICLES; LIGHT-NUCLEI; COLD-FISSION; EMISSION; U-235; DISTRIBUTIONS; PU-239 AB In thermal neutron-induced and spontaneous fission the addition of two neutrons to a neutron-even system produces only minor changes to the shape, kinetic energy, and temperature of the scission configuration. If these changes are assumed negligible and if ternary fission is associated with a statistical process then the ratio of ternary fission yields for systems differing by two atomic mass units can be used to infer a nuclear temperature. The yields of hydrogen, helium, lithium, and beryllium isotopes ejected perpendicular to the direction of the main fragments from U-233,U-235(n(th),f), Pu-239,Pu-241(n(th),f), and Cf-250,Cf-252 spontaneous fission give a nuclear temperature T=1.24 +/- 0.10 MeV. The yield of polar alpha particles from U-233,U-235(n(th),f) give T=1.13 +/- 0.24 MeV. These results are in agreement with other inferred low-energy ternary fission temperatures and support the idea that both equatorial and polar ternary fission involve a statistical process where the ejected particles are in equilibrium with a heat bath with a temperature slightly hotter than 1 MeV. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Appl Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Lestone, JP (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Appl Phys, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 23 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 1 AR 014604 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.72.014604 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 950WL UT WOS:000230889300036 ER PT J AU Marcucci, LE Viviani, M Schiavilla, R Kievsky, A Rosati, S AF Marcucci, LE Viviani, M Schiavilla, R Kievsky, A Rosati, S TI Electromagnetic structure of A=2 and 3 nuclei and the nuclear current operator SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID ELASTIC ELECTRON-SCATTERING; RADIATIVE NEUTRON-CAPTURE; MONTE-CARLO CALCULATIONS; ABSOLUTE CROSS-SECTION; FEW-BODY NUCLEI; FORM-FACTORS; EXCHANGE CURRENTS; DEUTERON SCATTERING; BREAKUP THRESHOLD; MOMENTUM-TRANSFER AB Different models for conserved two- and three-body electromagnetic currents are constructed from two- and three-nucleon interactions, using either meson-exchange mechanisms or minimal substitution in the momentum dependence of these interactions. The connection between these two different schemes is elucidated. A number of low-energy electronuclear observables, including (i) np radiative capture at thermal neutron energies and deuteron photodisintegration at low energies, (ii) nd and pd radiative capture reactions, and (iii) isoscalar and isovector magnetic form factors of H-3 and He-3, are calculated to make a comparative study of these models for the current operator. The realistic Argonne v(18) two-nucleon and Urbana IX or Tucson-Melbourne three-nucleon interactions are taken as a case study. For A=3 processes, the bound and continuum wave functions, both below and above deuteron breakup threshold, are obtained with the correlated hyperspherical harmonics method. Three-body currents give small but significant contributions to some of the polarization observables in the H-2(p,gamma)He-3 process and the H-2(n,gamma)H-3 cross section at thermal neutron energies. It is shown that the use of a current that did not exactly satisfy current conservation with the two- and three-nucleon interactions in the Hamiltonian was responsible for some of the discrepancies reported in previous studies between the experimental and theoretical polarization observables in pd radiative capture. C1 Univ Pisa, Dept Phys Enrico Fermi, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy. Old Dominion Univ, Dept Phys, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Marcucci, LE (reprint author), Univ Pisa, Dept Phys Enrico Fermi, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. RI kievsky, alejandro/A-7123-2011 NR 100 TC 93 Z9 93 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 1 AR 014001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.72.014001 PG 29 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 950WL UT WOS:000230889300010 ER PT J AU Phillips, DR Wallace, SJ Devine, NK AF Phillips, DR Wallace, SJ Devine, NK TI Electron-deuteron scattering in the equal-time formalism: Beyond the impulse approximation SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID ELECTROMAGNETIC FORM-FACTORS; NUCLEON-NUCLEON-SCATTERING; STRUCTURE-FUNCTION A(Q(2)); RELATIVISTIC BOUND-STATES; BETHE-SALPETER-EQUATION; MESON-EXCHANGE CURRENTS; LIGHT-FRONT DYNAMICS; ONE-BOSON-EXCHANGE; MOMENTUM-TRANSFER; ELASTIC-SCATTERING AB Using a three-dimensional formalism that includes relativistic kinematics, the effects of negative-energy states, approximate boosts of the two-body system, and current conservation, we calculate the electromagnetic form factors of the deuteron up to Q(2) of 4 GeV2. This is done with a dynamical boost for two-body systems with spin. We first compute form factors in impulse approximation, but then also add an isoscalar meson-exchange current of pion range that involves the gamma pi contact operator associated with pseudovector pi N coupling. We also consider effects of the rho pi gamma meson-exchange current. The experimentally measured quantities A,B, and t(20) are calculated over the kinematic range probed in recent Jefferson Laboratory experiments. The rho pi gamma meson-exchange current provides significant strength in A at large Q(2) and the gamma pi contact-term exchange current shifts t(20), providing good agreement with the data from the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility. Relativistic effects and the gamma pi meson-exchange current do not provide an explanation of the B observable, but the rho pi gamma current could help to provide agreement if a nonstandard value is used for the tensor rho N coupling that enters this contribution. C1 Ohio Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Athens, OH 45701 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98190 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Jefferson Lab, Div Theory, Newport News, VA 23006 USA. Gen Sci Corp, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Phillips, DR (reprint author), Ohio Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Athens, OH 45701 USA. NR 74 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 EI 1089-490X J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 1 AR 014006 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.72.014006 PG 14 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 950WL UT WOS:000230889300015 ER PT J AU Prakhov, S Nefkens, BMK Allgower, CE Arndt, RA Bekrenev, V Briscoe, WJ Clajus, M Comfort, JR Craig, K Grosnick, D Isenhower, D Knecht, N Koetke, D Koulbardis, A Kozlenko, N Kruglov, S Lolos, G Lopatin, I Manley, DM Manweiler, R Marusic, A McDonald, S Olmsted, J Papandreou, Z Peaslee, D Phaisangittisakul, N Price, JW Ramirez, AF Sadler, M Shafi, A Spinka, H Stanislaus, TDS Starostin, A Staudenmaier, HM Strakovsky, II Supek, I Tippens, WB Workman, RL AF Prakhov, S Nefkens, BMK Allgower, CE Arndt, RA Bekrenev, V Briscoe, WJ Clajus, M Comfort, JR Craig, K Grosnick, D Isenhower, D Knecht, N Koetke, D Koulbardis, A Kozlenko, N Kruglov, S Lolos, G Lopatin, I Manley, DM Manweiler, R Marusic, A McDonald, S Olmsted, J Papandreou, Z Peaslee, D Phaisangittisakul, N Price, JW Ramirez, AF Sadler, M Shafi, A Spinka, H Stanislaus, TDS Starostin, A Staudenmaier, HM Strakovsky, II Supek, I Tippens, WB Workman, RL TI Measurement of pi(-)p ->eta n from threshold to p(pi-)=747 MeV/c SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID ETA-MESON; CROSS-SECTIONS; DECAY; PHOTOPRODUCTION AB The differential cross section for eta production in reaction pi(-)p ->eta n has been measured over the full angular range at seven incident pi(-) beam momenta from threshold to p(pi)(-)=747 MeV/c using the Crystal Ball multiphoton spectrometer. The angular distributions are S wave dominated. At 10 MeV/c above threshold, a small D-wave contribution appears that interferes with the main S wave. The total eta production cross section sigma(tot) is obtained by integration of d sigma/d Omega. Starting at threshold, sigma(tot) rises rapidly, as expected for S-wave-dominated production. The features of the pi(-)p ->eta n cross section are strikingly similar to those of the SU(3) flavor-related process K(-)p ->eta Lambda. Comparison of the pi(-)p ->eta n reaction is made with eta photoproduction. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. George Washington Univ, Washington, DC 20052 USA. Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, Gatchina 188350, Russia. Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. Valparaiso Univ, Valparaiso, IN 46363 USA. Abilene Christian Univ, Abilene, TX 79699 USA. Univ Regina, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada. Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Karlsruhe, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany. Rudjer Boskovic Inst, Zagreb 10002, Croatia. RP Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RI Marusic, Ana/E-7683-2013 OI Marusic, Ana/0000-0001-6272-0917 NR 20 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 1 AR 015203 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.72.015203 PG 12 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 950WL UT WOS:000230889300057 ER PT J AU Starostin, A Prakhov, S Nefkens, BMK Abaev, VV Allgower, CE Bekrenev, VS Briscoe, WJ Clajus, M Comfort, JR Craig, K Grosnick, D Isenhower, D Knecht, N Koetke, DD Kozlenko, NG Kruglov, SP Kulbardis, AA Lolos, G Lopatin, IV Manley, DM Manweiler, R Marusic, A McDonald, S Olmsted, J Papandreou, Z Peaslee, DC Phaisangittisakul, N Price, JW Ramirez, AF Sadler, M Shafi, A Spinka, H Stanislaus, TDS Staudenmaier, HM Supek, I Tippens, WB AF Starostin, A Prakhov, S Nefkens, BMK Abaev, VV Allgower, CE Bekrenev, VS Briscoe, WJ Clajus, M Comfort, JR Craig, K Grosnick, D Isenhower, D Knecht, N Koetke, DD Kozlenko, NG Kruglov, SP Kulbardis, AA Lolos, G Lopatin, IV Manley, DM Manweiler, R Marusic, A McDonald, S Olmsted, J Papandreou, Z Peaslee, DC Phaisangittisakul, N Price, JW Ramirez, AF Sadler, M Shafi, A Spinka, H Stanislaus, TDS Staudenmaier, HM Supek, I Tippens, WB CA Crystal Ball Collaboration TI Measurement of pi(-)p ->pi(0)n in the vicinity of the eta threshold SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID ELASTIC-SCATTERING; P REACTIONS; BACKWARD; PHOTOPRODUCTION; ENERGIES; ANGLES; CUSP AB We report a new measurement of the differential cross section for pi(-)p ->pi(0)n from p(pi)=649 to 752 MeV/c, which is around the opening of the eta channel (685 MeV/c). Our data support the main features of the pi(-)p charge-exchange differential cross sections generated by the SAID pi N partial-wave analysis. The opening of the eta channel has a clear effect on the shape of the excitation function for d sigma(pi(-)p ->pi(0)n), which is most noticeable in the backward direction. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, RU-188300 Gatchina, Russia. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. George Washington Univ, Washington, DC 20052 USA. Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. Valparaiso Univ, Valparaiso, IN 46383 USA. Abilene Christian Univ, Abilene, TX 79699 USA. Univ Regina, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada. Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Karlsruhe, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany. Rudjer Boskovic Inst, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia. RP Starostin, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RI Marusic, Ana/E-7683-2013 OI Marusic, Ana/0000-0001-6272-0917 NR 19 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 1 AR 015205 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.72.015205 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 950WL UT WOS:000230889300059 ER PT J AU Stefanova, EA Benczer-Koller, N Kumbartzki, GJ Sharon, YY Zamick, L Robinson, SJQ Bernstein, L Cooper, JR Judson, D Taylor, MJ McMahan, MA Phair, L AF Stefanova, EA Benczer-Koller, N Kumbartzki, GJ Sharon, YY Zamick, L Robinson, SJQ Bernstein, L Cooper, JR Judson, D Taylor, MJ McMahan, MA Phair, L TI Near spherical shell-model structure of the 2(1)(+) state in (40)Ar from g-factor measurements SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID QUADRUPOLE-MOMENTS; NUCLEI; EXCITATION; ISOTOPES; VELOCITY; CA-44; TI-48; CORE; IONS AB The g factor of the 2(1)(+) state in (40)Ar has been measured by use of Coulomb excitation in inverse kinematics and the transient magnetic-field technique. The resulting g factor, g(2(1)(+))=-0.015(42), is in reasonable agreement with shell-model calculations within the (full sd)(pi)(full fp)(nu) space, without including core excitations. Although highly deformed admixtures in the wave function cannot be completely ruled out, they are small, in contrast to the case of (42)Ca. C1 Bulgarian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res Nucl Energy, BG-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria. Univ So Indiana, Dept Geol & Phys, Evansville, IN 47712 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Brighton, Sch Engn, Brighton BN2 4GJ, E Sussex, England. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Stefanova, EA (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. RI Taylor, Michael/N-1725-2015 OI Taylor, Michael/0000-0002-8718-3684 NR 40 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 1 AR 014309 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.72.014309 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 950WL UT WOS:000230889300026 ER PT J AU Turbide, S Gale, C Jeon, SY Moore, GD AF Turbide, S Gale, C Jeon, SY Moore, GD TI Energy loss of leading hadrons and direct photon production in evolving quark-gluon plasma SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID P(T) AZIMUTHAL ASYMMETRY; HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; QCD PREDICTIONS; ORDER; JETS; BREMSSTRAHLUNG; FRAGMENTATION; PARTICLES; RADIATION AB We calculate the nuclear modification factor of neutral pions and the photon yield at high p(T) in central Au-Au collisions at the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider (RHIC) (root s = 200 GeV) and Pb-Pb collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) (root s = 5500 GeV). A leading-order accurate treatment of jet energy loss in the medium has been convolved with a physical description of the initial spatial distribution of jets and a one dimensional hydrodynamic expansion. We reproduce the nuclear modification factor for pions R-AA at RHIC, assuming an initial temperature T-i = 370 MeV and a formation time tau(i) = 0.26 fm/c, corresponding to dN/dy = 1260. The resulting suppression depends on the particle rapidity density dN/dy but weakly on the initial temperature. The jet energy loss treatment is also included in the calculation of high p(T) photons. Photons coming from primordial hard N-N scattering are the dominant contribution at RHIC for p(T) > 5 GeV, whereas at the LHC, the range 8 < p(T) < 14 GeV is dominated by jet-photon conversion in the plasma. C1 McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Res Ctr, RIKEN, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP McGill Univ, Dept Phys, 3600 Univ St, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. NR 68 TC 140 Z9 145 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 1 AR 014906 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.72.014906 PG 15 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 950WL UT WOS:000230889300051 ER PT J AU Abazov, VM Abbott, B Abolins, M Acharya, BS Adams, M Adams, T Agelou, M Agram, JL Ahn, SH Ahsan, M Alexeev, GD Alkhazov, G Alton, A Alverson, G Alves, GA Anastasoaie, M Andeen, T Anderson, S Andrieu, B Arnoud, Y Askew, A Asman, B Jesus, ACSA Atramentov, O Autermann, C Avila, C Badaud, F Baden, A Baldin, B Balm, PW Banerjee, S Barberis, E Bargassa, P Baringer, P Barnes, C Barreto, J Bartlett, JF Bassler, U Bauer, D Bean, A Beauceron, S Begel, M Bellavance, A Beri, SB Bernardi, G Bernhard, R Bertram, I Besancon, M Beuselinck, R Bezzubov, VA Bhat, PC Bhatnagar, V Binder, M Biscarat, C Black, KM Blackler, I Blazey, G Blekman, F Blessing, S Bloch, D Blumenschein, U Boehnlein, A Boeriu, O Bolton, TA Borcherding, F Borissov, G Bos, K Bose, T Brandt, A Brock, R Brooijmans, G Bross, A Buchanan, NJ Buchholz, D Buehler, M Buescher, V Burdin, S Burnett, TH Busato, E Buszello, CP Butler, JM Cammin, J Caron, S Carvalho, W Casey, BCK Cason, NM Castilla-Valdez, H Chakrabarti, S Chakraborty, D Chan, KM Chandra, A Chapin, D Charles, F Cheu, E Cho, DK Choi, S Choudhary, B Christiansen, T Christofek, L Claes, D Clement, B Clement, C Coadou, Y Cooke, M Cooper, WE Coppage, D Corcoran, M Cothenet, A Cousinou, MC Cox, B Crepe-Renaudin, S Cutts, D da Motta, H Das, M Davies, B Davies, G Davis, GA De, K de Jong, P de Jong, SJ Cruz-Burelo, EDL Martins, CDO Dean, S Degenhardt, JD Deliot, F Demarteau, M Demina, R Demine, P Denisov, D Denisov, SP Desai, S Diehl, HT Diesburg, M Doidge, M Dong, H Doulas, S Dudko, LV Duflot, L Dugad, SR Duperrin, A Dyer, J Dyshkant, A Eads, M Edmunds, D Edwards, T Ellison, J Elmsheuser, J Elvira, VD Eno, S Ermolov, P Eroshin, OV Estrada, J Evans, H Evdokimov, A Evdokimov, VN Fast, J Fatakia, SN Feligioni, L Ferapontov, AV Ferbel, T Fiedler, F Filthaut, F Fisher, W Fisk, HE Fleck, I Fortner, M Fox, H Fu, S Fuess, S Gadfort, T Galea, CF Gallas, E Galyaev, E Garcia, C Garcia-Bellido, A Gardner, J Gavrilov, V Gay, A Gay, P Gele, D Gelhaus, R Genser, K Gerber, CE Gershtein, Y Gillberg, D Ginther, G Gmyrek, B Golling, T Gollub, N Gomez, B Gounder, K Goussiou, A Grannis, PD Greder, S Greenlee, H Greenwood, ZD Gregores, EM Gris, P Grivaz, JF Groer, L Grunendahl, S Grunewald, MW Gurzhiev, SN Gutierrez, G Gutierrez, P Haas, A Hadley, NJ Hagopian, S Hall, I Hall, RE Han, C Han, L Hanagaki, K Harder, K Harel, A Harrington, R Hauptman, JM Hauser, R Hays, J Hebbeker, T Hedin, D Heinmiller, JM Heinson, AP Heintz, U Hensel, C Hesketh, G Hildreth, MD Hirosky, R Hobbs, JD Hoeneisen, B Hohlfeld, M Hong, SJ Hooper, R Houben, P Hu, Y Huang, J Hynek, V Iashvili, I Illingworth, R Ito, AS Jabeen, S Jaffre, M Jain, S Jain, V Jakobs, K Jenkins, A Jesik, R Johns, K Johnson, M Jonckheere, A Jonsson, P Juste, A Kafer, D Kahn, S Kajfasz, E Kalinin, AM Kalk, J Karmanov, D Kasper, J Kau, D Kaur, R Kehoe, R Kermiche, S Kesisoglou, S Khanov, A Kharchilava, A Kharzheev, YM Kim, H Kim, TJ Klima, B Kohli, JM Kopal, M Korablev, VM Kotcher, J Kothari, B Koubarovsky, A Kozelov, AV Kozminski, J Kryemadhi, A Krzywdzinski, S Kulik, Y Kumar, A Kunori, S Kupco, A Kurca, T Kvita, J Lager, S Lahrichi, N Landsberg, G Lazoflores, J Le Bhan, AC Lebrun, P Lee, WM Leflat, A Lehner, F Leonidopoulos, C Leveque, J Lewis, P Li, J Li, QZ Lima, JGR Lincoln, D Linn, SL Linnemann, J Lipaev, VV Lipton, R Lobo, L Lobodenko, A Lokajicek, M Lounis, A Love, P Lubatti, HJ Lueking, L Lynker, M Lyon, AL Maciel, AKA Madaras, RJ Mattig, P Magass, C Magerkurth, A Magnan, AM Makovec, N Mal, PK Malbouisson, HB Malik, S Malyshev, VL Mao, HS Maravin, Y Martens, M Mattingly, SEK Mayorov, AA McCarthy, R McCroskey, R Meder, D Melnitchouk, A Mendes, A Merkin, M Merritt, KW Meyer, A Meyer, J Michaut, M Miettinen, H Mitrevski, J Molina, J Mondal, NK Moore, RW Moulik, T Muanza, GS Mulders, M Mutaf, YD Nagy, E Narain, M Naumann, NA Neal, HA Negret, JP Nelson, S Neustroev, P Noeding, C Nomerotski, A Novaes, SF Nunnemann, T Nurse, E O'Dell, V O'Neil, DC Oguri, V Oliveira, N Oshima, N Garzon, GJOY Padley, P Parashar, N Park, SK Parsons, J Partridge, R Parua, N Patwa, A Pawloski, G Perea, PM Perez, E Petroff, P Petteni, M Piegaia, R Pleier, MA Podesta-Lerma, PLM Podstavkov, VM Pogorelov, Y Pompos, A Pope, BG da Silva, WLP Prosper, HB Protopopescu, S Qian, J Quadt, A Quinn, B Rani, KJ Ranjan, K Rapidis, PA Ratoff, PN Reucroft, S Rijssenbeek, M Ripp-Baudot, I Rizatdinova, F Robinson, S Rodrigues, RF Royon, C Rubinov, P Ruchti, R Rud, VI Sajot, G Sanchez-Hernandez, A Sanders, MP Santoro, A Savage, G Sawyer, L Scanlon, T Schaile, D Schamberger, RD Schellman, H Schieferdecker, P Schmitt, C Schwanenberger, C Schwartzman, A Schwienhorst, R Sengupta, S Severini, H Shabalina, E Shamim, M Shary, V Shchukin, AA Shephard, WD Shivpuri, RK Shpakov, D Sidwell, RA Simak, V Sirotenko, V Skubic, P Slattery, P Smith, RP Smolek, K Snow, GR Snow, J Snyder, S Soldner-Rembold, S Song, X Sonnenschein, L Sopczak, A Sosebee, M Soustruznik, K Souza, M Spurlock, B Stanton, NR Stark, J Steele, J Stevenson, K Stolin, V Stone, A Stoyanova, DA Strandberg, J Strang, MA Strauss, M Strohmer, R Strom, D Strovink, M Stutte, L Sumowidagdo, S Sznajder, A Talby, M Tamburello, P Taylor, W Telford, P Temple, J Tomoto, M Toole, T Torborg, J Towers, S Trefzger, T Trincaz-Duvoid, S Tuchming, B Tully, C Turcot, AS Tuts, PM Uvarov, L Uvarov, S Uzunyan, S Vachon, B Kooten, RV van Leeuwen, WM Varelas, N Varnes, EW Vartapetian, A Vasilyev, IA Vaupel, M Verdier, P Vertogradov, LS Verzocchi, M Villeneuve-Seguier, F Vlimant, JR Von Toerne, E Vreeswijk, M Anh, TV Wahl, HD Wang, L Warchol, J Watts, G Wayne, M Weber, M Weerts, H Wermes, N White, A White, V Wicke, D Wijngaarden, DA Wilson, GW Wimpenny, SJ Wittlin, J Wobisch, M Womersley, J Wood, DR Wyatt, TR Xu, Q Xuan, N Yacoob, S Yamada, R Yan, M Yasuda, T Yatsunenko, YA Yen, Y Yip, K Yoo, HD Youn, SW Yu, J Yurkewicz, A Zabi, A Zatserklyaniy, A Zdrazil, M Zeitnitz, C Zhang, D Zhang, X Zhao, T Zhao, Z Zhou, B Zhu, J Zielinski, M Zieminska, D Zieminski, A Zitoun, R Zutshi, V Zverev, EG AF Abazov, VM Abbott, B Abolins, M Acharya, BS Adams, M Adams, T Agelou, M Agram, JL Ahn, SH Ahsan, M Alexeev, GD Alkhazov, G Alton, A Alverson, G Alves, GA Anastasoaie, M Andeen, T Anderson, S Andrieu, B Arnoud, Y Askew, A Asman, B Jesus, ACSA Atramentov, O Autermann, C Avila, C Badaud, F Baden, A Baldin, B Balm, PW Banerjee, S Barberis, E Bargassa, P Baringer, P Barnes, C Barreto, J Bartlett, JF Bassler, U Bauer, D Bean, A Beauceron, S Begel, M Bellavance, A Beri, SB Bernardi, G Bernhard, R Bertram, I Besancon, M Beuselinck, R Bezzubov, VA Bhat, PC Bhatnagar, V Binder, M Biscarat, C Black, KM Blackler, I Blazey, G Blekman, F Blessing, S Bloch, D Blumenschein, U Boehnlein, A Boeriu, O Bolton, TA Borcherding, F Borissov, G Bos, K Bose, T Brandt, A Brock, R Brooijmans, G Bross, A Buchanan, NJ Buchholz, D Buehler, M Buescher, V Burdin, S Burnett, TH Busato, E Buszello, CP Butler, JM Cammin, J Caron, S Carvalho, W Casey, BCK Cason, NM Castilla-Valdez, H Chakrabarti, S Chakraborty, D Chan, KM Chandra, A Chapin, D Charles, F Cheu, E Cho, DK Choi, S Choudhary, B Christiansen, T Christofek, L Claes, D Clement, B Clement, C Coadou, Y Cooke, M Cooper, WE Coppage, D Corcoran, M Cothenet, A Cousinou, MC Cox, B Crepe-Renaudin, S Cutts, D da Motta, H Das, M Davies, B Davies, G Davis, GA De, K de Jong, P de Jong, SJ Cruz-Burelo, EDL Martins, CDO Dean, S Degenhardt, JD Deliot, F Demarteau, M Demina, R Demine, P Denisov, D Denisov, SP Desai, S Diehl, HT Diesburg, M Doidge, M Dong, H Doulas, S Dudko, LV Duflot, L Dugad, SR Duperrin, A Dyer, J Dyshkant, A Eads, M Edmunds, D Edwards, T Ellison, J Elmsheuser, J Elvira, VD Eno, S Ermolov, P Eroshin, OV Estrada, J Evans, H Evdokimov, A Evdokimov, VN Fast, J Fatakia, SN Feligioni, L Ferapontov, AV Ferbel, T Fiedler, F Filthaut, F Fisher, W Fisk, HE Fleck, I Fortner, M Fox, H Fu, S Fuess, S Gadfort, T Galea, CF Gallas, E Galyaev, E Garcia, C Garcia-Bellido, A Gardner, J Gavrilov, V Gay, A Gay, P Gele, D Gelhaus, R Genser, K Gerber, CE Gershtein, Y Gillberg, D Ginther, G Gmyrek, B Golling, T Gollub, N Gomez, B Gounder, K Goussiou, A Grannis, PD Greder, S Greenlee, H Greenwood, ZD Gregores, EM Gris, P Grivaz, JF Groer, L Grunendahl, S Grunewald, MW Gurzhiev, SN Gutierrez, G Gutierrez, P Haas, A Hadley, NJ Hagopian, S Hall, I Hall, RE Han, C Han, L Hanagaki, K Harder, K Harel, A Harrington, R Hauptman, JM Hauser, R Hays, J Hebbeker, T Hedin, D Heinmiller, JM Heinson, AP Heintz, U Hensel, C Hesketh, G Hildreth, MD Hirosky, R Hobbs, JD Hoeneisen, B Hohlfeld, M Hong, SJ Hooper, R Houben, P Hu, Y Huang, J Hynek, V Iashvili, I Illingworth, R Ito, AS Jabeen, S Jaffre, M Jain, S Jain, V Jakobs, K Jenkins, A Jesik, R Johns, K Johnson, M Jonckheere, A Jonsson, P Juste, A Kafer, D Kahn, S Kajfasz, E Kalinin, AM Kalk, J Karmanov, D Kasper, J Kau, D Kaur, R Kehoe, R Kermiche, S Kesisoglou, S Khanov, A Kharchilava, A Kharzheev, YM Kim, H Kim, TJ Klima, B Kohli, JM Kopal, M Korablev, VM Kotcher, J Kothari, B Koubarovsky, A Kozelov, AV Kozminski, J Kryemadhi, A Krzywdzinski, S Kulik, Y Kumar, A Kunori, S Kupco, A Kurca, T Kvita, J Lager, S Lahrichi, N Landsberg, G Lazoflores, J Le Bhan, AC Lebrun, P Lee, WM Leflat, A Lehner, F Leonidopoulos, C Leveque, J Lewis, P Li, J Li, QZ Lima, JGR Lincoln, D Linn, SL Linnemann, J Lipaev, VV Lipton, R Lobo, L Lobodenko, A Lokajicek, M Lounis, A Love, P Lubatti, HJ Lueking, L Lynker, M Lyon, AL Maciel, AKA Madaras, RJ Mattig, P Magass, C Magerkurth, A Magnan, AM Makovec, N Mal, PK Malbouisson, HB Malik, S Malyshev, VL Mao, HS Maravin, Y Martens, M Mattingly, SEK Mayorov, AA McCarthy, R McCroskey, R Meder, D Melnitchouk, A Mendes, A Merkin, M Merritt, KW Meyer, A Meyer, J Michaut, M Miettinen, H Mitrevski, J Molina, J Mondal, NK Moore, RW Moulik, T Muanza, GS Mulders, M Mutaf, YD Nagy, E Narain, M Naumann, NA Neal, HA Negret, JP Nelson, S Neustroev, P Noeding, C Nomerotski, A Novaes, SF Nunnemann, T Nurse, E O'Dell, V O'Neil, DC Oguri, V Oliveira, N Oshima, N Garzon, GJOY Padley, P Parashar, N Park, SK Parsons, J Partridge, R Parua, N Patwa, A Pawloski, G Perea, PM Perez, E Petroff, P Petteni, M Piegaia, R Pleier, MA Podesta-Lerma, PLM Podstavkov, VM Pogorelov, Y Pompos, A Pope, BG da Silva, WLP Prosper, HB Protopopescu, S Qian, J Quadt, A Quinn, B Rani, KJ Ranjan, K Rapidis, PA Ratoff, PN Reucroft, S Rijssenbeek, M Ripp-Baudot, I Rizatdinova, F Robinson, S Rodrigues, RF Royon, C Rubinov, P Ruchti, R Rud, VI Sajot, G Sanchez-Hernandez, A Sanders, MP Santoro, A Savage, G Sawyer, L Scanlon, T Schaile, D Schamberger, RD Schellman, H Schieferdecker, P Schmitt, C Schwanenberger, C Schwartzman, A Schwienhorst, R Sengupta, S Severini, H Shabalina, E Shamim, M Shary, V Shchukin, AA Shephard, WD Shivpuri, RK Shpakov, D Sidwell, RA Simak, V Sirotenko, V Skubic, P Slattery, P Smith, RP Smolek, K Snow, GR Snow, J Snyder, S Soldner-Rembold, S Song, X Sonnenschein, L Sopczak, A Sosebee, M Soustruznik, K Souza, M Spurlock, B Stanton, NR Stark, J Steele, J Stevenson, K Stolin, V Stone, A Stoyanova, DA Strandberg, J Strang, MA Strauss, M Strohmer, R Strom, D Strovink, M Stutte, L Sumowidagdo, S Sznajder, A Talby, M Tamburello, P Taylor, W Telford, P Temple, J Tomoto, M Toole, T Torborg, J Towers, S Trefzger, T Trincaz-Duvoid, S Tuchming, B Tully, C Turcot, AS Tuts, PM Uvarov, L Uvarov, S Uzunyan, S Vachon, B Kooten, RV van Leeuwen, WM Varelas, N Varnes, EW Vartapetian, A Vasilyev, IA Vaupel, M Verdier, P Vertogradov, LS Verzocchi, M Villeneuve-Seguier, F Vlimant, JR Von Toerne, E Vreeswijk, M Anh, TV Wahl, HD Wang, L Warchol, J Watts, G Wayne, M Weber, M Weerts, H Wermes, N White, A White, V Wicke, D Wijngaarden, DA Wilson, GW Wimpenny, SJ Wittlin, J Wobisch, M Womersley, J Wood, DR Wyatt, TR Xu, Q Xuan, N Yacoob, S Yamada, R Yan, M Yasuda, T Yatsunenko, YA Yen, Y Yip, K Yoo, HD Youn, SW Yu, J Yurkewicz, A Zabi, A Zatserklyaniy, A Zdrazil, M Zeitnitz, C Zhang, D Zhang, X Zhao, T Zhao, Z Zhou, B Zhu, J Zielinski, M Zieminska, D Zieminski, A Zitoun, R Zutshi, V Zverev, EG CA D0 Collaboration TI Search for right-handed W bosons in top quark decay SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID STANDARD-MODEL; POLARIZATION; B->S-GAMMA; HELICITY; PHYSICS AB We present a measurement of the fraction f(+) of right-handed W bosons produced in top quark decays, based on a candidate sample of t (t) over bar events in the lepton+jets decay mode. These data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 230 pb(-1), collected by the D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron p (p) over bar Collider at root s=1.96 TeV. We use a constrained fit to reconstruct the kinematics of the t (t) over bar and decay products, which allows for the measurement of the leptonic decay angle theta(*) for each event. By comparing the cos theta(*) distribution from the data with those for the expected background and signal for various values of f(+), we find f(+)=0.00 +/- 0.13(stat)+/- 0.07(syst). This measurement is consistent with the standard model prediction of f(+)=3.6 x 10(-4). C1 Univ Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. Ctr Brasileiro Pesquisas Fis, LAFEX, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Univ Estado Rio De Janeiro, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Fis Teor, BR-01405 Sao Paulo, Brazil. Simon Fraser Univ, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. Univ Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada. McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ, Canada. York Univ, Toronto, ON M3J 2R7, Canada. Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. Univ Los Andes, Bogota, Colombia. Charles Univ Prague, Ctr Particle Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. Czech Tech Univ, CR-16635 Prague, Czech Republic. Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Phys, Ctr Particle Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. Univ San Francisco Quito, Quito, Ecuador. Univ Clermont Ferrand, Lab Phys Corpusculaire, CNRS, Clermont Ferrand, France. Univ Grenoble 1, Lab Phys Subatom & Cosmol, CNRS, Grenoble, France. Univ Aix Marseille 2, CPPM, CNRS, Marseille, France. CNRS, Lab Accelerateur Lineaire, F-91405 Orsay, France. Univ Paris 06, LPNHE, CNRS, Paris, France. Univ Paris 07, LPNHE, CNRS, Paris, France. CEA Saclay, DAPNIA, Serv Phys Particules, Saclay, France. Univ Strasbourg, IReS, CNRS, Strasbourg, France. Univ Haute Alsace, Mulhouse, France. Univ Lyon 1, Inst Phys Nucl Lyon, CNRS, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France. Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst A, D-5100 Aachen, Germany. Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, D-5300 Bonn, Germany. Univ Freiburg, Inst Phys, Freiburg, Germany. Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-6500 Mainz, Germany. Univ Munich, Munich, Germany. Univ Wuppertal, Fachbereich Phys, Wuppertal, Germany. Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. Univ Delhi, Delhi 110007, India. Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Bombay 400005, Maharashtra, India. Univ Coll Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland. Korea Univ, Korea Detector Lab, Seoul 136701, South Korea. CINVESTAV, Mexico City 14000, DF, Mexico. NIKHEF H, FOM Inst, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Amsterdam, NIKHEF H, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Radboud Univ Nijmegen, NIKHEF H, Nijmegen, Netherlands. Joint Nucl Res Inst, Dubna, Russia. Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Moscow, Russia. Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, St Petersburg, Russia. Lund Univ, Lund, Sweden. Royal Inst Technol, Stockholm, Sweden. Stockholm Univ, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. Uppsala Univ, Uppsala, Sweden. Univ Lancaster, Lancaster, England. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci & Technol, London, England. Univ Manchester, Manchester, Lancs, England. Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Calif State Univ Fresno, Fresno, CA 93740 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. No Illinois Univ, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 60506 USA. Louisiana Tech Univ, Ruston, LA USA. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA. Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Langston Univ, Langston, OK 73050 USA. Univ Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019 USA. Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA. Univ Texas, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. So Methodist Univ, Dallas, TX 75275 USA. Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77005 USA. Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Univ Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. RI Alves, Gilvan/C-4007-2013; Santoro, Alberto/E-7932-2014; Deliot, Frederic/F-3321-2014; Sharyy, Viatcheslav/F-9057-2014; KIM, Tae Jeong/P-7848-2015; Sznajder, Andre/L-1621-2016; Oguri, Vitor/B-5403-2013; Telford, Paul/B-6253-2011; Nomerotski, Andrei/A-5169-2010; Shivpuri, R K/A-5848-2010; Gutierrez, Phillip/C-1161-2011; Dudko, Lev/D-7127-2012; Leflat, Alexander/D-7284-2012; Merkin, Mikhail/D-6809-2012; Novaes, Sergio/D-3532-2012; Yip, Kin/D-6860-2013; De, Kaushik/N-1953-2013; Fisher, Wade/N-4491-2013; OI Sharyy, Viatcheslav/0000-0002-7161-2616; KIM, Tae Jeong/0000-0001-8336-2434; Sznajder, Andre/0000-0001-6998-1108; Weber, Michele/0000-0002-2770-9031; Melnychuk, Oleksandr/0000-0002-2089-8685; Bassler, Ursula/0000-0002-9041-3057; Filthaut, Frank/0000-0003-3338-2247; Naumann, Axel/0000-0002-4725-0766; Dudko, Lev/0000-0002-4462-3192; Novaes, Sergio/0000-0003-0471-8549; Yip, Kin/0000-0002-8576-4311; De, Kaushik/0000-0002-5647-4489; Fatakia, Sarosh/0000-0003-0430-3191; Bertram, Iain/0000-0003-4073-4941 NR 23 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 1 AR 011104 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.72.011104 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 950WM UT WOS:000230889400004 ER PT J AU Afanasev, AV Brodsky, SJ Carlson, CE Chen, YC Vanderhaeghen, M AF Afanasev, AV Brodsky, SJ Carlson, CE Chen, YC Vanderhaeghen, M TI Two-photon exchange contribution to elastic electron-nucleonscattering at large momentum transfer SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID SCATTERING CROSS SECTION; MAGNETIC FORM-FACTORS; COMPTON-SCATTERING; RADIATIVE-CORRECTIONS; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; NUCLEON SCATTERING; QUANTUM ELECTRODYNAMICS; POLARIZATION TRANSFER; PROTON SCATTERING; HIGH-ENERGY AB We estimate the two-photon exchange contribution to elastic electron-proton scattering at large momentum transfer by using a quark-parton representation of virtual Compton scattering. We thus can relate the two-photon exchange amplitude to the generalized parton distributions which also enter in other wide-angle scattering processes. We find that the interference of one- and two-photon exchange contribution is able to substantially resolve the difference between electric form factor measurements from Rosenbluth and polarization transfer experiments. Two-photon exchange has additional consequences which could be experimentally observed, including nonzero polarization effects and a positron-proton/electron-proton scattering asymmetry. The predicted Rosenbluth plot is no longer precisely linear; it acquires a measurable curvature, particularly at large laboratory angle. C1 Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Coll William & Mary, Dept Phys, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Phys, Taipei 10617, Taiwan. RP Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. EM afanas@jlab.org; sjbth@slac.stanford.edu; carlson@physics.wm.edu; snyang1@phys.ntu.edu.tw; marcvdh@jlab.org NR 71 TC 119 Z9 119 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 1 AR 013008 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.72.013008 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 950WM UT WOS:000230889400018 ER PT J AU Albright, CH AF Albright, CH TI Bounds on the neutrino mixing angles and CP phase for an SO(10) model with lopsided mass matrices SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID PROBE WMAP OBSERVATIONS; FERMION MASSES; GRAND UNIFICATION; SYMMETRIC TEXTURE; OSCILLATIONS; VIOLATION; BARYOGENESIS; DECAY; HIERARCHY; VACUUM AB The bounds on the neutrino mixing angles and CP Dirac phase for an SO(10) model with lopsided mass matrices, arising from the presence of 16(H) and 16(H) Higgs representations, are studied by variation of the one real and three unknown complex input parameters for the right-handed Majorana neutrino mass matrix. The scatter plots obtained favor nearly maximal atmospheric neutrino mixing, while the reactor neutrino mixing lies in the range 10(-5) less than or similar to sin(2)theta(13) less than or similar to 1 x 10(-2) with values greater than 10(-3) most densely populated. A rather compelling scenario within the model follows, if we restrict the three unknown complex parameters to their imaginary axes and set two of them equal. We then find the scatter plots are reduced to narrow bands, as the mixing angles and CP phase become highly correlated and predictive. The bounds on the mixing angles and phase then become 0.45 less than or similar to sin(2)theta(23) less than or similar to 0.55, 0.38 less than or similar to tan(2)theta(12) less than or similar to 0.50, 0.002 less than or similar to sin(2)theta(13) less than or similar to 0.003, and 60 degrees less than or similar to +/-delta(CP) less than or similar to 85 degrees. Moreover, successful leptogenesis and subsequent baryogenesis are also obtained, with eta(B) increasing from (2.7 to 6.3) x 10(-10) as sin(2)theta(23) increases from 0.45 to 0.55. C1 No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. EM albright@fnal.gov OI Albright, Carl/0000-0002-2252-6359 NR 76 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 1 AR 013001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.72.013001 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 950WM UT WOS:000230889400011 ER PT J AU Aubert, B Barate, R Boutigny, D Couderc, F Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Poireau, V Tisserand, V Zghiche, A Grauges, E Palano, A Pappagallo, M Pompili, A Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Ofte, I Stugu, B Abrams, GS Battaglia, M Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Charles, E Day, CT Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kukartsev, G Lynch, G Mir, LM Oddone, PJ Orimoto, TJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Ronan, MT Wenzel, WA Barrett, M Ford, KE Harrison, TJ Hart, AJ Hawkes, CM Morgan, SE Watson, AT Fritsch, M Goetzen, K Held, T Koch, H Lewandowski, B Pelizaeus, M Peters, K Schroeder, T Steinke, M Boyd, JT Burke, JP Chevalier, N Cottingham, WN Kelly, MP Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T Hearty, C Knecht, NS Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Khan, A Kyberd, P Teodorescu, L Blinov, AE Blinov, VE Bukin, AD Druzhinin, VP Golubev, VB Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Solodov, EP Yushkov, AN Best, D Bondioli, M Bruinsma, M Chao, M Eschrich, I Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M Mommsen, RK Roethel, W Stoker, DP Buchanan, C Hartfiel, BL Weinstein, AJR Foulkes, SD Gary, JW Long, O Shen, BC Wang, K Zhang, L del Re, D Hadavand, HK Hill, EJ MacFarlane, DB Paar, HP Rahatlou, S Sharma, V Berryhill, JW Campagnari, C Cunha, A Dahmes, B Hong, TM Lu, A Mazur, MA Richman, JD Verkerke, W Beck, TW Eisner, AM Flacco, CJ Heusch, CA Kroseberg, J Lockman, WS Nesom, G Schalk, T Schumm, BA Seiden, A Spradlin, P Williams, DC Wilson, MG Albert, J Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Hitlin, DG Narsky, I Piatenko, T Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Andreassen, R Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Blanc, F Bloom, P Chen, S Ford, WT Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Rankin, P Ruddick, WO Smith, JG Ulmer, KA Wagner, SR Zhang, J Chen, A Eckhart, EA Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Zeng, Q Feltresi, E Hauke, A Spaan, B Altenburg, D Brandt, T Brose, J Dickopp, M Klose, V Lacker, HM Nogowski, R Otto, S Petzold, A Schott, G Schubert, J Schubert, KR Schwierz, R Sundermann, JE Bernard, D Bonneaud, GR Grenier, P Schrenk, S Thiebaux, C Vasileiadis, G Verderi, M Bard, DJ Clark, PJ Gradl, W Muheim, F Playfer, S Xie, Y Andreotti, M Azzolini, V Bettoni, D Bozzi, C Calabrese, R Cibinetto, G Luppi, E Negrini, M Piemontese, L Anulli, F Baldini-Ferroli, R Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Finocchiaro, G Patteri, P Peruzzi, IM Piccolo, M Zallo, A Buzzo, A Capra, R Contri, R Vetere, ML Macri, M Monge, MR Passaggio, S Patrignani, C Robutti, E Santroni, A Tosi, S Bailey, S Brandenburg, G Chaisanguanthum, KS Morii, M Won, E Dubitzky, RS Langenegger, U Marks, J Schenk, S Uwer, U Bhimji, W Bowerman, DA Dauncey, PD Egede, U Flack, RL Gaillard, JR Morton, GW Nash, JA Nikolich, MB Taylor, GP Charles, MJ Mader, WF Mallik, U Mohapatra, AK Cochran, J Crawley, HB Eyges, V Meyer, WT Prell, S Rosenberg, EI Rubin, AE Yi, J Arnaud, N Davier, M Giroux, X Grosdidier, G Hocker, A Diberder, FL Lepeltier, V Lutz, AM Oyanguren, A Petersen, TC Pierini, M Plaszczynski, S Rodier, S Roudeau, P Schune, MH Stocchi, A Wormser, G Cheng, CH Lange, DJ Simani, MC Wright, DM Bevan, AJ Chavez, CA Coleman, JP Forster, IJ Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R George, KA Hutchcroft, DE Parry, RJ Payne, DJ Schofield, KC Touramanis, C Cormack, CM Lodovico, FD Sacco, R Brown, CL Cowan, G Flaecher, HU Green, MG Hopkins, DA Jackson, PS McMahon, TR Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Brown, D Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, NR Barlow, RJ Hodgkinson, MC Lafferty, GD Naisbit, MT Williams, JC Chen, C Farbin, A Hulsbergen, WD Jawahery, A Kovalskyi, D Lae, CK Lillard, V Roberts, DA Simi, G Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Hertzbach, SS Kofler, R Koptchev, VB Li, X Moore, TB Saremi, S Staengle, H Willocq, S Cowan, R Koeneke, K Sciolla, G Sekula, SJ Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Kim, H Patel, PM Robertson, SH Lazzaro, A Lombardo, V Palombo, F Bauer, JM Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Godang, R Kroeger, R Reidy, J Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Zhao, HW Brunet, S Cote, D Taras, P Viaud, B Nicholson, H Cavallo, N Nardo, GD Gatto, C Lista, L Monorchio, D Paolucci, P Piccolo, D Sciacca, C Baak, M Bulten, H Raven, G Snoek, HL Wilden, L Jessop, CP LoSecco, JM Allmendinger, T Benelli, G Gan, KK Honscheid, K Hufnagel, D Jackson, PD Kagan, H Kass, R Pulliam, T Rahimi, AM Ter-Antonyan, R Wong, QK Brau, J Frey, R Igonkina, O Lu, M Potter, CT Sinev, NB Strom, D Torrence, E Colecchia, F Dorigo, A Galeazzi, F Margoni, M Morandin, M Posocco, M Rotondo, M Simonetto, F Stroili, R Voci, C Benayoun, M Briand, H Chauveau, J David, P Buono, LD de la Vaissiere, C Hamon, O John, MJJ Leruste, P Malcles, J Ocariz, J Roos, L Therin, G Behera, PK Gladney, L Guo, QH Panetta, J Biasini, M Covarelli, R Pacetti, S Pioppi, M Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bucci, F Calderini, G Carpinelli, M Cenci, R Forti, F Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Marchiori, G Morganti, M Neri, N Paoloni, E Rama, M Rizzo, G Walsh, J Haire, M Judd, D Paick, K Wagoner, DE Biesiada, J Danielson, N Elmer, P Lau, YP Lu, C Olsen, J Smith, AJS Telnov, AV Bellini, F Cavoto, G D'Orazio, A Marco, ED Faccini, R Ferrarotto, F Ferroni, F Gaspero, M Gioi, LL Mazzoni, MA Morganti, S Piredda, G Polci, F Tehrani, FS Voena, C Schroder, H Wagner, G Waldi, R Adye, T Groot, ND Franek, B Gopal, GP Olaiya, EO Wilson, FF Aleksan, R Emery, S Gaidot, A Ganzhur, SF Giraud, PF Graziani, G de Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Legendre, M London, GW Mayer, B Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Purohit, MV Weidemann, AW Wilson, JR Yumiceva, FX Abe, T Allen, MT Aston, D Bartoldus, R Berger, N Boyarski, AM Buchmueller, OL Claus, R Convery, MR Cristinziani, M Dingfelder, JC Dong, D Dorfan, J Dujmic, D Dunwoodie, W Fan, S Field, RC Glanzman, T Gowdy, SJ Hadig, T Halyo, V Hast, C Hryn'ova, T Innes, WR Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Leith, DWGS Libby, J Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Marsiske, H Messner, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Ozcan, VE Perazzo, A Perl, M Ratcliff, BN Roodman, A Salnikov, AA Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Snyder, A Stelzer, J Strube, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Suzuki, K Swain, S Thompson, JM Va'vra, J Weaver, M Wisniewski, WJ Wittgen, M Wright, DH Yarritu, AK Yi, K Young, CC Burchat, PR Edwards, AJ Majewski, SA Petersen, BA Roat, C Ahmed, M Ahmed, S Alam, MS Ernst, JA Saeed, MA Saleem, M Wappler, FR Zain, SB Bugg, W Krishnamurthy, M Spanier, SM Eckmann, R Ritchie, JL Satpathy, A Schwitters, RF Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Ye, S Bianchi, F Bona, M Gallo, F Gamba, D Bomben, M Bosisio, L Cartaro, C Cossutti, F Ricca, GD Dittongo, S Grancagnolo, S Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vitale, L Martinez-Vidal, F Panvini, RS Banerjee, S Bhuyan, B Brown, CM Fortin, D Hamano, K Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Sobie, RJ Back, JJ Harrison, PF Latham, TE Mohanty, GB Band, HR Chen, X Cheng, B Dasu, S Datta, M Eichenbaum, AM Flood, KT Graham, M Hollar, JJ Johnson, JR Kutter, PE Li, H Liu, R Mellado, B Mihalyi, A Pan, Y Prepost, R Tan, P von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, J Wu, SL Yu, Z Greene, MG Neal, H Fabozzi, F AF Aubert, B Barate, R Boutigny, D Couderc, F Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Poireau, V Tisserand, V Zghiche, A Grauges, E Palano, A Pappagallo, M Pompili, A Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Ofte, I Stugu, B Abrams, GS Battaglia, M Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Charles, E Day, CT Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kukartsev, G Lynch, G Mir, LM Oddone, PJ Orimoto, TJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Ronan, MT Wenzel, WA Barrett, M Ford, KE Harrison, TJ Hart, AJ Hawkes, CM Morgan, SE Watson, AT Fritsch, M Goetzen, K Held, T Koch, H Lewandowski, B Pelizaeus, M Peters, K Schroeder, T Steinke, M Boyd, JT Burke, JP Chevalier, N Cottingham, WN Kelly, MP Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T Hearty, C Knecht, NS Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Khan, A Kyberd, P Teodorescu, L Blinov, AE Blinov, VE Bukin, AD Druzhinin, VP Golubev, VB Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Solodov, EP Yushkov, AN Best, D Bondioli, M Bruinsma, M Chao, M Eschrich, I Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M Mommsen, RK Roethel, W Stoker, DP Buchanan, C Hartfiel, BL Weinstein, AJR Foulkes, SD Gary, JW Long, O Shen, BC Wang, K Zhang, L del Re, D Hadavand, HK Hill, EJ MacFarlane, DB Paar, HP Rahatlou, S Sharma, V Berryhill, JW Campagnari, C Cunha, A Dahmes, B Hong, TM Lu, A Mazur, MA Richman, JD Verkerke, W Beck, TW Eisner, AM Flacco, CJ Heusch, CA Kroseberg, J Lockman, WS Nesom, G Schalk, T Schumm, BA Seiden, A Spradlin, P Williams, DC Wilson, MG Albert, J Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Hitlin, DG Narsky, I Piatenko, T Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Andreassen, R Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Blanc, F Bloom, P Chen, S Ford, WT Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Rankin, P Ruddick, WO Smith, JG Ulmer, KA Wagner, SR Zhang, J Chen, A Eckhart, EA Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Zeng, Q Feltresi, E Hauke, A Spaan, B Altenburg, D Brandt, T Brose, J Dickopp, M Klose, V Lacker, HM Nogowski, R Otto, S Petzold, A Schott, G Schubert, J Schubert, KR Schwierz, R Sundermann, JE Bernard, D Bonneaud, GR Grenier, P Schrenk, S Thiebaux, C Vasileiadis, G Verderi, M Bard, DJ Clark, PJ Gradl, W Muheim, F Playfer, S Xie, Y Andreotti, M Azzolini, V Bettoni, D Bozzi, C Calabrese, R Cibinetto, G Luppi, E Negrini, M Piemontese, L Anulli, F Baldini-Ferroli, R Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Finocchiaro, G Patteri, P Peruzzi, IM Piccolo, M Zallo, A Buzzo, A Capra, R Contri, R Vetere, ML Macri, M Monge, MR Passaggio, S Patrignani, C Robutti, E Santroni, A Tosi, S Bailey, S Brandenburg, G Chaisanguanthum, KS Morii, M Won, E Dubitzky, RS Langenegger, U Marks, J Schenk, S Uwer, U Bhimji, W Bowerman, DA Dauncey, PD Egede, U Flack, RL Gaillard, JR Morton, GW Nash, JA Nikolich, MB Taylor, GP Charles, MJ Mader, WF Mallik, U Mohapatra, AK Cochran, J Crawley, HB Eyges, V Meyer, WT Prell, S Rosenberg, EI Rubin, AE Yi, J Arnaud, N Davier, M Giroux, X Grosdidier, G Hocker, A Diberder, FL Lepeltier, V Lutz, AM Oyanguren, A Petersen, TC Pierini, M Plaszczynski, S Rodier, S Roudeau, P Schune, MH Stocchi, A Wormser, G Cheng, CH Lange, DJ Simani, MC Wright, DM Bevan, AJ Chavez, CA Coleman, JP Forster, IJ Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R George, KA Hutchcroft, DE Parry, RJ Payne, DJ Schofield, KC Touramanis, C Cormack, CM Lodovico, FD Sacco, R Brown, CL Cowan, G Flaecher, HU Green, MG Hopkins, DA Jackson, PS McMahon, TR Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Brown, D Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, NR Barlow, RJ Hodgkinson, MC Lafferty, GD Naisbit, MT Williams, JC Chen, C Farbin, A Hulsbergen, WD Jawahery, A Kovalskyi, D Lae, CK Lillard, V Roberts, DA Simi, G Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Hertzbach, SS Kofler, R Koptchev, VB Li, X Moore, TB Saremi, S Staengle, H Willocq, S Cowan, R Koeneke, K Sciolla, G Sekula, SJ Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Kim, H Patel, PM Robertson, SH Lazzaro, A Lombardo, V Palombo, F Bauer, JM Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Godang, R Kroeger, R Reidy, J Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Zhao, HW Brunet, S Cote, D Taras, P Viaud, B Nicholson, H Cavallo, N Nardo, GD Gatto, C Lista, L Monorchio, D Paolucci, P Piccolo, D Sciacca, C Baak, M Bulten, H Raven, G Snoek, HL Wilden, L Jessop, CP LoSecco, JM Allmendinger, T Benelli, G Gan, KK Honscheid, K Hufnagel, D Jackson, PD Kagan, H Kass, R Pulliam, T Rahimi, AM Ter-Antonyan, R Wong, QK Brau, J Frey, R Igonkina, O Lu, M Potter, CT Sinev, NB Strom, D Torrence, E Colecchia, F Dorigo, A Galeazzi, F Margoni, M Morandin, M Posocco, M Rotondo, M Simonetto, F Stroili, R Voci, C Benayoun, M Briand, H Chauveau, J David, P Buono, LD de la Vaissiere, C Hamon, O John, MJJ Leruste, P Malcles, J Ocariz, J Roos, L Therin, G Behera, PK Gladney, L Guo, QH Panetta, J Biasini, M Covarelli, R Pacetti, S Pioppi, M Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bucci, F Calderini, G Carpinelli, M Cenci, R Forti, F Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Marchiori, G Morganti, M Neri, N Paoloni, E Rama, M Rizzo, G Walsh, J Haire, M Judd, D Paick, K Wagoner, DE Biesiada, J Danielson, N Elmer, P Lau, YP Lu, C Olsen, J Smith, AJS Telnov, AV Bellini, F Cavoto, G D'Orazio, A Marco, ED Faccini, R Ferrarotto, F Ferroni, F Gaspero, M Gioi, LL Mazzoni, MA Morganti, S Piredda, G Polci, F Tehrani, FS Voena, C Schroder, H Wagner, G Waldi, R Adye, T Groot, ND Franek, B Gopal, GP Olaiya, EO Wilson, FF Aleksan, R Emery, S Gaidot, A Ganzhur, SF Giraud, PF Graziani, G de Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Legendre, M London, GW Mayer, B Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Purohit, MV Weidemann, AW Wilson, JR Yumiceva, FX Abe, T Allen, MT Aston, D Bartoldus, R Berger, N Boyarski, AM Buchmueller, OL Claus, R Convery, MR Cristinziani, M Dingfelder, JC Dong, D Dorfan, J Dujmic, D Dunwoodie, W Fan, S Field, RC Glanzman, T Gowdy, SJ Hadig, T Halyo, V Hast, C Hryn'ova, T Innes, WR Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Leith, DWGS Libby, J Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Marsiske, H Messner, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Ozcan, VE Perazzo, A Perl, M Ratcliff, BN Roodman, A Salnikov, AA Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Snyder, A Stelzer, J Strube, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Suzuki, K Swain, S Thompson, JM Va'vra, J Weaver, M Wisniewski, WJ Wittgen, M Wright, DH Yarritu, AK Yi, K Young, CC Burchat, PR Edwards, AJ Majewski, SA Petersen, BA Roat, C Ahmed, M Ahmed, S Alam, MS Ernst, JA Saeed, MA Saleem, M Wappler, FR Zain, SB Bugg, W Krishnamurthy, M Spanier, SM Eckmann, R Ritchie, JL Satpathy, A Schwitters, RF Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Ye, S Bianchi, F Bona, M Gallo, F Gamba, D Bomben, M Bosisio, L Cartaro, C Cossutti, F Ricca, GD Dittongo, S Grancagnolo, S Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vitale, L Martinez-Vidal, F Panvini, RS Banerjee, S Bhuyan, B Brown, CM Fortin, D Hamano, K Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Sobie, RJ Back, JJ Harrison, PF Latham, TE Mohanty, GB Band, HR Chen, X Cheng, B Dasu, S Datta, M Eichenbaum, AM Flood, KT Graham, M Hollar, JJ Johnson, JR Kutter, PE Li, H Liu, R Mellado, B Mihalyi, A Pan, Y Prepost, R Tan, P von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, J Wu, SL Yu, Z Greene, MG Neal, H Fabozzi, F CA BABAR Collaboration TI Search for the decay tau(-->)4 pi(-)3 pi(+)(pi(0))nu(tau) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID MONTE-CARLO AB A search for the decay of the tau lepton to seven charged pions and one or zero pi(0) mesons was performed using the BABAR detector at the PEP-II asymmetric-energy e(+)e(-) collider. The analysis uses 232.2 fb(-1) of data at center-of-mass energies on or near the Upsilon(4S) resonance. We observe 24 events with an expected background of 21.6 +/- 1.3 events. Without evidence for a signal, we calculate an upper limit of B(tau(-)-> 4 pi(-)3 pi(+)(pi(0))nu(tau))< 3.0 x 10(-7) at 90% confidence level. This is an improvement by nearly an order of magnitude over the previously established limit. In addition, we set upper limits for the exclusive decays tau(-)-> 4 pi(-)3 pi(+)nu(tau) and tau(-)-> 4 pi(-)3 pi(+)pi(0)nu(tau). C1 Lab Annecy Le Vieux Phys Particules, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. Univ Autonoma Barcelona, IFAE, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. Univ Bari, Dipartmento Fis, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Univ Bergen, Inst Phys, N-5007 Bergen, Norway. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. Ruhr Univ Bochum, Inst Expt Phys, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. Univ Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. Brunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England. Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Univ Dortmund, Inst Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany. Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Kern & Teilchenphys, D-01062 Dresden, Germany. Ecole Polytech, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. Univ Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Midlothian, Scotland. Univ Ferrara, Dipartimento Fis, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Genoa, Dipartimento Fis, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Univ Heidelberg, Inst Phys, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London SW7 2AZ, England. Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Lab Accelerateur Lineaire, F-91898 Orsay, France. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Liverpool, Liverpool L69 72E, Merseyside, England. Univ London, London E1 4NS, England. Univ London Royal Holloway & Bedford New Coll, Egham TW20 0EX, Surrey, England. Univ Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. Univ Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. MIT, Nucl Sci Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA. Univ Montreal, Lab Rene JA Levesque, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. Mt Holyoke Coll, S Hadley, MA 01075 USA. Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Sci Fis, I-80126 Naples, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-80126 Naples, Italy. Natl Inst Nucl & High Energy Phys, NIKHEF, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Univ Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Univ Paris 06, F-75252 Paris, France. Univ Paris 07, Lab Phys Nucl & Hautes Energies, F-75252 Paris, France. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis, Scuola Normale Super Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. Prairie View A&M Univ, Prairie View, TX 77446 USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Univ Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. CEA Saclay, DSM Dapnia, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. SUNY Albany, Albany, NY 12222 USA. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Univ Texas, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Sperimentale, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Univ Valencia, CSIC, IFIC, E-46071 Valencia, Spain. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Univ Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6, Canada. Univ Warwick, Dept Phys, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. Univ Basilicata, I-85100 Potenza, Italy. RP Aubert, B (reprint author), Lab Annecy Le Vieux Phys Particules, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. RI Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Pappagallo, Marco/R-3305-2016; Calcaterra, Alessandro/P-5260-2015; Frey, Raymond/E-2830-2016; Oyanguren, Arantza/K-6454-2014; Luppi, Eleonora/A-4902-2015; Kravchenko, Evgeniy/F-5457-2015; Calabrese, Roberto/G-4405-2015; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/G-7212-2015; Martinez Vidal, F*/L-7563-2014; Kolomensky, Yury/I-3510-2015; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/J-5049-2012; Grancagnolo, Sergio/J-3957-2015; Lusiani, Alberto/N-2976-2015; Morandin, Mauro/A-3308-2016; Lusiani, Alberto/A-3329-2016; Negrini, Matteo/C-8906-2014; Monge, Maria Roberta/G-9127-2012; Peters, Klaus/C-2728-2008; Lista, Luca/C-5719-2008; Bellini, Fabio/D-1055-2009; Neri, Nicola/G-3991-2012; Forti, Francesco/H-3035-2011; Rotondo, Marcello/I-6043-2012; Patrignani, Claudia/C-5223-2009; de Sangro, Riccardo/J-2901-2012; M, Saleem/B-9137-2013; Cavallo, Nicola/F-8913-2012; Saeed, Mohammad Alam/J-7455-2012 OI Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Pappagallo, Marco/0000-0001-7601-5602; Calcaterra, Alessandro/0000-0003-2670-4826; Frey, Raymond/0000-0003-0341-2636; Oyanguren, Arantza/0000-0002-8240-7300; Luppi, Eleonora/0000-0002-1072-5633; Calabrese, Roberto/0000-0002-1354-5400; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/0000-0002-4276-715X; Martinez Vidal, F*/0000-0001-6841-6035; Kolomensky, Yury/0000-0001-8496-9975; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/0000-0002-6520-4480; Grancagnolo, Sergio/0000-0001-8490-8304; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Morandin, Mauro/0000-0003-4708-4240; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Negrini, Matteo/0000-0003-0101-6963; Monge, Maria Roberta/0000-0003-1633-3195; Peters, Klaus/0000-0001-7133-0662; Bellini, Fabio/0000-0002-2936-660X; Neri, Nicola/0000-0002-6106-3756; Forti, Francesco/0000-0001-6535-7965; Rotondo, Marcello/0000-0001-5704-6163; Patrignani, Claudia/0000-0002-5882-1747; de Sangro, Riccardo/0000-0002-3808-5455; Saeed, Mohammad Alam/0000-0002-3529-9255 NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 1 AR 012003 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.72.012003 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 950WM UT WOS:000230889400007 ER PT J AU Aubert, B Barate, R Boutigny, D Couderc, F Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Poireau, V Tisserand, V Zghiche, A Grauges, E Palano, A Pappagallo, M Pompili, A Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Ofte, I Stugu, B Abrams, GS Battaglia, M Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Charles, E Day, CT Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kukartsev, G Lynch, G Mir, LM Oddone, PJ Orimoto, TJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Ronan, MT Wenzel, WA Barrett, M Ford, KE Harrison, TJ Hart, AJ Hawkes, CM Morgan, SE Watson, AT Fritsch, M Goetzen, K Held, T Koch, H Lewandowski, B Pelizaeus, M Peters, K Schroeder, T Steinke, M Boyd, JT Burke, JP Chevalier, N Cottingham, WN Kelly, MP Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T Hearty, C Knecht, NS Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Khan, A Kyberd, P Teodorescu, L Blinov, AE Blinov, VE Bukin, AD Druzhinin, VP Golubev, VB Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Solodov, EP Yushkov, AN Best, D Bondioli, M Bruinsma, M Chao, M Eschrich, I Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M Mommsen, RK Roethel, W Stoker, DP Buchanan, C Hartfiel, BL Weinstein, AJR Foulkes, SD Gary, JW Long, O Shen, BC Wang, K Zhang, L del Re, D Hadavand, HK Hill, EJ MacFarlane, DB Paar, HP Rahatlou, S Sharma, V Berryhill, JW Campagnari, C Cunha, A Dahmes, B Hong, TM Lu, A Mazur, MA Richman, JD Verkerke, W Beck, TW Eisner, AM Flacco, CJ Heusch, CA Kroseberg, J Lockman, WS Nesom, G Schalk, T Schumm, BA Seiden, A Spradlin, P Williams, DC Wilson, MG Albert, J Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Hitlin, DG Narsky, I Piatenko, T Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Andreassen, R Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Blanc, F Bloom, P Chen, S Ford, WT Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Rankin, P Ruddick, WO Smith, JG Ulmer, KA Wagner, SR Zhang, J Chen, A Eckhart, EA Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Zeng, Q Feltresi, E Hauke, A Spaan, B Altenburg, D Brandt, T Brose, J Dickopp, M Klose, V Lacker, HM Nogowski, R Otto, S Petzold, A Schott, G Schubert, J Schubert, KR Schwierz, R Sundermann, JE Bernard, D Bonneaud, GR Grenier, P Schrenk, S Thiebaux, C Vasileiadis, G Verderi, M Bard, DJ Clark, PJ Gradl, W Muheim, F Playfer, S Xie, Y Andreotti, M Azzolini, V Bettoni, D Bozzi, C Calabrese, R Cibinetto, G Luppi, E Negrini, M Piemontese, L Anulli, F Baldini-Ferroli, R Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Finocchiaro, G Patteri, P Peruzzi, IM Piccolo, M Zallo, A Buzzo, A Capra, R Contri, R Vetere, ML Macri, M Monge, MR Passaggio, S Patrignani, C Robutti, E Santroni, A Tosi, S Bailey, S Brandenburg, G Chaisanguanthum, KS Morii, M Won, E Dubitzky, RS Langenegger, U Marks, J Schenk, S Uwer, U Bhimji, W Bowerman, DA Dauncey, PD Egede, U Flack, RL Gaillard, JR Morton, GW Nash, JA Nikolich, MB Taylor, GP Charles, MJ Mader, WF Mallik, U Mohapatra, AK Cochran, J Crawley, HB Eyges, V Meyer, WT Prell, S Rosenberg, EI Rubin, AE Yi, J Arnaud, N Davier, M Giroux, X Grosdidier, G Hocker, A Diberder, FL Lepeltier, V Lutz, AM Oyanguren, A Petersen, TC Pierini, M Plaszczynski, S Rodier, S Roudeau, P Schune, MH Stocchi, A Wormser, G Cheng, CH Lange, DJ Simani, MC Wright, DM Bevan, AJ Chavez, CA Coleman, JP Forster, IJ Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R George, KA Hutchcroft, DE Parry, RJ Payne, DJ Schofield, KC Touramanis, C Cormack, CM Lodovico, FD Sacco, R Brown, CL Cowan, G Flaecher, HU Green, MG Hopkins, DA Jackson, PS McMahon, TR Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Brown, D Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, NR Barlow, RJ Hodgkinson, MC Lafferty, GD Naisbit, MT Williams, JC Chen, C Farbin, A Hulsbergen, WD Jawahery, A Kovalskyi, D Lae, CK Lillard, V Roberts, DA Simi, G Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Hertzbach, SS Kofler, R Koptchev, VB Li, X Moore, TB Saremi, S Staengle, H Willocq, S Cowan, R Koeneke, K Sciolla, G Sekula, SJ Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Kim, H Patel, PM Robertson, SH Lazzaro, A Lombardo, V Palombo, F Bauer, JM Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Godang, R Kroeger, R Reidy, J Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Zhao, HW Brunet, S Cote, D Taras, P Viaud, B Nicholson, H Cavallo, N Nardo, GD Fabozzi, F Gatto, C Lista, L Monorchio, D Paolucci, P Piccolo, D Sciacca, C Baak, M Bulten, H Raven, G Snoek, HL Wilden, L Jessop, CP LoSecco, JM Allmendinger, T Benelli, G Gan, KK Honscheid, K Hufnagel, D Jackson, PD Kagan, H Kass, R Pulliam, T Rahimi, AM Ter-Antonyan, R Wong, QK Brau, J Frey, R Igonkina, O Lu, M Potter, CT Sinev, NB Strom, D Torrence, E Colecchia, F Dorigo, A Galeazzi, F Margoni, M Morandin, M Posocco, M Rotondo, M Simonetto, F Stroili, R Voci, C Benayoun, M Briand, H Chauveau, J David, P Buono, LD de la Vaissiere, C Hamon, O John, MJJ Leruste, P Malcles, J Ocariz, J Roos, L Therin, G Behera, PK Gladney, L Guo, QH Panetta, J Biasini, M Covarelli, R Pacetti, S Pioppi, M Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bucci, F Calderini, G Carpinelli, M Cenci, R Forti, F Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Marchiori, G Morganti, M Neri, N Paoloni, E Rama, M Rizzo, G Walsh, J Haire, M Judd, D Paick, K Wagoner, DE Biesiada, J Danielson, N Elmer, P Lau, YP Lu, C Olsen, J Smith, AJS Telnov, AV Bellini, F Cavoto, G D'Orazio, A Marco, ED Faccini, R Ferrarotto, F Ferroni, F Gaspero, M Gioi, LL Mazzoni, MA Morganti, S Piredda, G Polci, F Tehrani, FS Voena, C Schroder, H Wagner, G Waldi, R Adye, T Groot, ND Franek, B Gopal, GP Olaiya, EO Wilson, FF Aleksan, R Emery, S Gaidot, A Ganzhur, SF Giraud, PF Graziani, G de Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Legendre, M London, GW Mayer, B Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Purohit, MV Weidemann, AW Wilson, JR Yumiceva, FX Abe, T Allen, MT Aston, D Bartoldus, R Berger, N Boyarski, AM Buchmueller, OL Claus, R Convery, MR Cristinziani, M Dingfelder, JC Dong, D Dorfan, J Dujmic, D Dunwoodie, W Fan, S Field, RC Glanzman, T Gowdy, SJ Hadig, T Halyo, V Hast, C Hryn'ova, T Innes, WR Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Leith, DWGS Libby, J Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Marsiske, H Messner, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Ozcan, VE Perazzo, A Perl, M Ratcliff, BN Roodman, A Salnikov, AA Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Snyder, A Stelzer, J Strube, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Suzuki, K Swain, S Thompson, JM Va'vra, J Weaver, M Wisniewski, WJ Wittgen, M Wright, DH Yarritu, AK Yi, K Young, CC Burchat, PR Edwards, AJ Majewski, SA Petersen, BA Roat, C Ahmed, M Ahmed, S Alam, MS Ernst, JA Saeed, MA Saleem, M Wappler, FR Zain, SB Bugg, W Krishnamurthy, M Spanier, SM Eckmann, R Ritchie, JL Satpathy, A Schwitters, RF Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Ye, S Bianchi, F Bona, M Gallo, F Gamba, D Bomben, M Bosisio, L Cartaro, C Cossutti, F Ricca, GD Dittongo, S Grancagnolo, S Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vitale, L Martinez-Vidal, F Panvini, RS Banerjee, S Bhuyan, B Brown, CM Fortin, D Hamano, K Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Sobie, RJ Back, JJ Harrison, PF Latham, TE Mohanty, GB Band, HR Chen, X Cheng, B Dasu, S Datta, M Eichenbaum, AM Flood, KT Graham, M Hollar, JJ Johnson, JR Kutter, PE Li, H Liu, R Mellado, B Mihalyi, A Pan, Y Prepost, R Tan, P von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, J Wu, SL Yu, Z Greene, MG Neal, H AF Aubert, B Barate, R Boutigny, D Couderc, F Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Poireau, V Tisserand, V Zghiche, A Grauges, E Palano, A Pappagallo, M Pompili, A Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Ofte, I Stugu, B Abrams, GS Battaglia, M Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Charles, E Day, CT Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kukartsev, G Lynch, G Mir, LM Oddone, PJ Orimoto, TJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Ronan, MT Wenzel, WA Barrett, M Ford, KE Harrison, TJ Hart, AJ Hawkes, CM Morgan, SE Watson, AT Fritsch, M Goetzen, K Held, T Koch, H Lewandowski, B Pelizaeus, M Peters, K Schroeder, T Steinke, M Boyd, JT Burke, JP Chevalier, N Cottingham, WN Kelly, MP Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T Hearty, C Knecht, NS Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Khan, A Kyberd, P Teodorescu, L Blinov, AE Blinov, VE Bukin, AD Druzhinin, VP Golubev, VB Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Solodov, EP Yushkov, AN Best, D Bondioli, M Bruinsma, M Chao, M Eschrich, I Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M Mommsen, RK Roethel, W Stoker, DP Buchanan, C Hartfiel, BL Weinstein, AJR Foulkes, SD Gary, JW Long, O Shen, BC Wang, K Zhang, L del Re, D Hadavand, HK Hill, EJ MacFarlane, DB Paar, HP Rahatlou, S Sharma, V Berryhill, JW Campagnari, C Cunha, A Dahmes, B Hong, TM Lu, A Mazur, MA Richman, JD Verkerke, W Beck, TW Eisner, AM Flacco, CJ Heusch, CA Kroseberg, J Lockman, WS Nesom, G Schalk, T Schumm, BA Seiden, A Spradlin, P Williams, DC Wilson, MG Albert, J Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Hitlin, DG Narsky, I Piatenko, T Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Andreassen, R Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Blanc, F Bloom, P Chen, S Ford, WT Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Rankin, P Ruddick, WO Smith, JG Ulmer, KA Wagner, SR Zhang, J Chen, A Eckhart, EA Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Zeng, Q Feltresi, E Hauke, A Spaan, B Altenburg, D Brandt, T Brose, J Dickopp, M Klose, V Lacker, HM Nogowski, R Otto, S Petzold, A Schott, G Schubert, J Schubert, KR Schwierz, R Sundermann, JE Bernard, D Bonneaud, GR Grenier, P Schrenk, S Thiebaux, C Vasileiadis, G Verderi, M Bard, DJ Clark, PJ Gradl, W Muheim, F Playfer, S Xie, Y Andreotti, M Azzolini, V Bettoni, D Bozzi, C Calabrese, R Cibinetto, G Luppi, E Negrini, M Piemontese, L Anulli, F Baldini-Ferroli, R Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Finocchiaro, G Patteri, P Peruzzi, IM Piccolo, M Zallo, A Buzzo, A Capra, R Contri, R Vetere, ML Macri, M Monge, MR Passaggio, S Patrignani, C Robutti, E Santroni, A Tosi, S Bailey, S Brandenburg, G Chaisanguanthum, KS Morii, M Won, E Dubitzky, RS Langenegger, U Marks, J Schenk, S Uwer, U Bhimji, W Bowerman, DA Dauncey, PD Egede, U Flack, RL Gaillard, JR Morton, GW Nash, JA Nikolich, MB Taylor, GP Charles, MJ Mader, WF Mallik, U Mohapatra, AK Cochran, J Crawley, HB Eyges, V Meyer, WT Prell, S Rosenberg, EI Rubin, AE Yi, J Arnaud, N Davier, M Giroux, X Grosdidier, G Hocker, A Diberder, FL Lepeltier, V Lutz, AM Oyanguren, A Petersen, TC Pierini, M Plaszczynski, S Rodier, S Roudeau, P Schune, MH Stocchi, A Wormser, G Cheng, CH Lange, DJ Simani, MC Wright, DM Bevan, AJ Chavez, CA Coleman, JP Forster, IJ Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R George, KA Hutchcroft, DE Parry, RJ Payne, DJ Schofield, KC Touramanis, C Cormack, CM Lodovico, FD Sacco, R Brown, CL Cowan, G Flaecher, HU Green, MG Hopkins, DA Jackson, PS McMahon, TR Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Brown, D Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, NR Barlow, RJ Hodgkinson, MC Lafferty, GD Naisbit, MT Williams, JC Chen, C Farbin, A Hulsbergen, WD Jawahery, A Kovalskyi, D Lae, CK Lillard, V Roberts, DA Simi, G Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Hertzbach, SS Kofler, R Koptchev, VB Li, X Moore, TB Saremi, S Staengle, H Willocq, S Cowan, R Koeneke, K Sciolla, G Sekula, SJ Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Kim, H Patel, PM Robertson, SH Lazzaro, A Lombardo, V Palombo, F Bauer, JM Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Godang, R Kroeger, R Reidy, J Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Zhao, HW Brunet, S Cote, D Taras, P Viaud, B Nicholson, H Cavallo, N Nardo, GD Fabozzi, F Gatto, C Lista, L Monorchio, D Paolucci, P Piccolo, D Sciacca, C Baak, M Bulten, H Raven, G Snoek, HL Wilden, L Jessop, CP LoSecco, JM Allmendinger, T Benelli, G Gan, KK Honscheid, K Hufnagel, D Jackson, PD Kagan, H Kass, R Pulliam, T Rahimi, AM Ter-Antonyan, R Wong, QK Brau, J Frey, R Igonkina, O Lu, M Potter, CT Sinev, NB Strom, D Torrence, E Colecchia, F Dorigo, A Galeazzi, F Margoni, M Morandin, M Posocco, M Rotondo, M Simonetto, F Stroili, R Voci, C Benayoun, M Briand, H Chauveau, J David, P Buono, LD de la Vaissiere, C Hamon, O John, MJJ Leruste, P Malcles, J Ocariz, J Roos, L Therin, G Behera, PK Gladney, L Guo, QH Panetta, J Biasini, M Covarelli, R Pacetti, S Pioppi, M Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bucci, F Calderini, G Carpinelli, M Cenci, R Forti, F Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Marchiori, G Morganti, M Neri, N Paoloni, E Rama, M Rizzo, G Walsh, J Haire, M Judd, D Paick, K Wagoner, DE Biesiada, J Danielson, N Elmer, P Lau, YP Lu, C Olsen, J Smith, AJS Telnov, AV Bellini, F Cavoto, G D'Orazio, A Marco, ED Faccini, R Ferrarotto, F Ferroni, F Gaspero, M Gioi, LL Mazzoni, MA Morganti, S Piredda, G Polci, F Tehrani, FS Voena, C Schroder, H Wagner, G Waldi, R Adye, T Groot, ND Franek, B Gopal, GP Olaiya, EO Wilson, FF Aleksan, R Emery, S Gaidot, A Ganzhur, SF Giraud, PF Graziani, G de Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Legendre, M London, GW Mayer, B Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Purohit, MV Weidemann, AW Wilson, JR Yumiceva, FX Abe, T Allen, MT Aston, D Bartoldus, R Berger, N Boyarski, AM Buchmueller, OL Claus, R Convery, MR Cristinziani, M Dingfelder, JC Dong, D Dorfan, J Dujmic, D Dunwoodie, W Fan, S Field, RC Glanzman, T Gowdy, SJ Hadig, T Halyo, V Hast, C Hryn'ova, T Innes, WR Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Leith, DWGS Libby, J Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Marsiske, H Messner, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Ozcan, VE Perazzo, A Perl, M Ratcliff, BN Roodman, A Salnikov, AA Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Snyder, A Stelzer, J Strube, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Suzuki, K Swain, S Thompson, JM Va'vra, J Weaver, M Wisniewski, WJ Wittgen, M Wright, DH Yarritu, AK Yi, K Young, CC Burchat, PR Edwards, AJ Majewski, SA Petersen, BA Roat, C Ahmed, M Ahmed, S Alam, MS Ernst, JA Saeed, MA Saleem, M Wappler, FR Zain, SB Bugg, W Krishnamurthy, M Spanier, SM Eckmann, R Ritchie, JL Satpathy, A Schwitters, RF Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Ye, S Bianchi, F Bona, M Gallo, F Gamba, D Bomben, M Bosisio, L Cartaro, C Cossutti, F Ricca, GD Dittongo, S Grancagnolo, S Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vitale, L Martinez-Vidal, F Panvini, RS Banerjee, S Bhuyan, B Brown, CM Fortin, D Hamano, K Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Sobie, RJ Back, JJ Harrison, PF Latham, TE Mohanty, GB Band, HR Chen, X Cheng, B Dasu, S Datta, M Eichenbaum, AM Flood, KT Graham, M Hollar, JJ Johnson, JR Kutter, PE Li, H Liu, R Mellado, B Mihalyi, A Pan, Y Prepost, R Tan, P von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, J Wu, SL Yu, Z Greene, MG Neal, H TI Search for the rare decays B+->(D(*)+KS0) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID ANNIHILATION AB We report on the search for the rare decays B+-> (D(*)+KS0) in approximately 226 x Upsilon(4S)-> B (B) over bar decays collected with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II asymmetric-energy B factory at SLAC. We do not observe any significant signal and we set 90% confidence-level upper limits on the branching fractions, B(B+-> (D+K0))< 0.5 x 10(-5) and B(B+-> (D*+K0))< 0.9 x 10(-5). C1 Lab Phys Particle, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. Univ Autonoma Barcelona, IFAE, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. Univ Bari, Dipartmento Fis, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Univ Bergen, Inst Phys, N-5007 Bergen, Norway. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. Ruhr Univ Bochum, Inst Expt Phys, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. Univ Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. Brunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England. Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Univ Dortmund, Inst Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany. Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Kern & Teilchenphys, D-01062 Dresden, Germany. Ecole Polytech, LLR, F-99128 Palaiseau, France. Univ Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Midlothian, Scotland. Univ Ferrara, Dipartimento Fis, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Genoa, Dipartimento Fis, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Heidelberg Univ, Inst Phys, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London SW7 2AZ, England. Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Lab Accelerateur Linaire, F-91898 Orsay, France. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Liverpool, Liverpool L69 72E, Merseyside, England. Univ London, London E1 4NS, England. Univ London Royal Holloway & Bedford New Coll, Egham TW20 0EX, Surrey, England. Univ Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. Univ Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. MIT, Nucl Sci Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA. Univ Montreal, Lab Rene JA Levesque, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. Mt Holyoke Coll, S Hadley, MA 01075 USA. Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Sci Fisiche, I-80126 Naples, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-80126 Naples, Italy. NIKHEF H, Natl Inst Nucl Phys & High Energy Phys, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Univ Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Univ Paris 06, Lab Phys Nucl & Hautes Energies, F-75252 Paris, France. Univ Paris 07, Lab Phys Nucl & Hautes Energies, F-75252 Paris, France. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. Univ Pisa, Scuola Normale Super, Dipartimento Fis, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. Prairie View A&M Univ, Prairie View, TX 77446 USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Univ Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. DSM Dapnia, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. SUNY Albany, Albany, NY 12222 USA. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Univ Texas, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Sperimentale, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Univ Trieste, Dipartmento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Univ Valencia, CSIC, IFIC, E-46071 Valencia, Spain. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Univ Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6, Canada. Univ Warwick, Dept Phys, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. RP Lab Phys Particle, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. RI Neri, Nicola/G-3991-2012; Roe, Natalie/A-8798-2012; Rotondo, Marcello/I-6043-2012; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/J-5049-2012; de Sangro, Riccardo/J-2901-2012; Saeed, Mohammad Alam/J-7455-2012; Negrini, Matteo/C-8906-2014; Lusiani, Alberto/N-2976-2015; Lusiani, Alberto/A-3329-2016; Peters, Klaus/C-2728-2008; de Groot, Nicolo/A-2675-2009; Grancagnolo, Sergio/J-3957-2015; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/G-7212-2015; M, Saleem/B-9137-2013; Oyanguren, Arantza/K-6454-2014; Lista, Luca/C-5719-2008; Cavallo, Nicola/F-8913-2012; Patrignani, Claudia/C-5223-2009; Kravchenko, Evgeniy/F-5457-2015; Forti, Francesco/H-3035-2011; Martinez Vidal, F*/L-7563-2014; Monge, Maria Roberta/G-9127-2012; Kolomensky, Yury/I-3510-2015; Di Lodovico, Francesca/L-9109-2016; Morandin, Mauro/A-3308-2016; Bellini, Fabio/D-1055-2009; Calabrese, Roberto/G-4405-2015; Luppi, Eleonora/A-4902-2015; Frey, Raymond/E-2830-2016; Pappagallo, Marco/R-3305-2016; Calcaterra, Alessandro/P-5260-2015; crosetti, nanni/H-3040-2011; Sarti, Alessio/I-2833-2012 OI Neri, Nicola/0000-0002-6106-3756; Rotondo, Marcello/0000-0001-5704-6163; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/0000-0002-6520-4480; de Sangro, Riccardo/0000-0002-3808-5455; Saeed, Mohammad Alam/0000-0002-3529-9255; Negrini, Matteo/0000-0003-0101-6963; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Peters, Klaus/0000-0001-7133-0662; Grancagnolo, Sergio/0000-0001-8490-8304; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/0000-0002-4276-715X; Oyanguren, Arantza/0000-0002-8240-7300; Patrignani, Claudia/0000-0002-5882-1747; Forti, Francesco/0000-0001-6535-7965; Martinez Vidal, F*/0000-0001-6841-6035; Monge, Maria Roberta/0000-0003-1633-3195; Kolomensky, Yury/0000-0001-8496-9975; Di Lodovico, Francesca/0000-0003-3952-2175; Morandin, Mauro/0000-0003-4708-4240; Bellini, Fabio/0000-0002-2936-660X; Calabrese, Roberto/0000-0002-1354-5400; Luppi, Eleonora/0000-0002-1072-5633; Frey, Raymond/0000-0003-0341-2636; Pappagallo, Marco/0000-0001-7601-5602; Calcaterra, Alessandro/0000-0003-2670-4826; Sarti, Alessio/0000-0001-5419-7951 NR 13 TC 374 Z9 376 U1 2 U2 23 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 1 AR 011102 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.72.011102 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 950WM UT WOS:000230889400002 ER PT J AU Bodwin, GT Lee, J Sinclair, DK AF Bodwin, GT Lee, J Sinclair, DK TI Spin correlations and velocity scaling in color-octet nonrelativistic QCD matrix elements SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID HADRONIC PRODUCTION; HEAVY QUARKONIUM; LATTICE QCD; J-PSI; GLUON FRAGMENTATION; B-DECAYS; UPSILON; STATES; DISTRIBUTIONS; SPECTROSCOPY AB yWe compute spin-dependent decay matrix elements for S-wave charmonium and bottomonium in lattice nonrelativistic quantum chromodynamics (NRQCD). Particular emphasis is placed upon the color-octet matrix elements, since the corresponding production matrix elements are expected to appear in the dominant contributions to the production cross sections at large transverse momenta. We use three slightly different versions of the heavy-quark lattice Green's functions in order to minimize the contributions that scale as powers of the ultraviolet cutoff. The lattice matrix elements that we calculate obey the hierarchy that is suggested by the velocity-scaling rules of NRQCD. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Korea Univ, Dept Phys, Seoul 136701, South Korea. RP Bodwin, GT (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 43 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 1 AR 014009 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.72.014009 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 950WM UT WOS:000230889400028 ER PT J AU Bodwin, GT Braaten, E Lee, J AF Bodwin, GT Braaten, E Lee, J TI Comparison of the color-evaporation model and the nonrelativistic QCD factorization approach in charmonium production SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID DYNAMICAL PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; TO-BACK JETS; QUARKONIUM PRODUCTION; HADRONIC COLLISIONS; FERMILAB TEVATRON; HEAVY QUARKONIUM; J/PSI PRODUCTION; MATRIX-ELEMENTS; GLOBAL ANALYSIS; PSI-PRODUCTION AB We compare the color-evaporation model (CEM) and nonrelativistic QCD (NRQCD) factorization predictions for inclusive quarkonium production. Using the NRQCD factorization formulas for quarkonium production and for perturbative QQ production, we deduce relationships that are implied by the CEM between the nonperturbative NRQCD matrix elements that appear in the factorization formula for quarkonium production. These relationships are at odds with the phenomenological values of the matrix elements that have been extracted from the Tevatron data for charmonium production at large transverse momentum. A direct comparison of the CEM and NRQCD factorization predictions with the CDF charmonium production data reveals that the CEM fits to the data are generally unsatisfactory, while the NRQCD factorization fits are generally compatible with the data. The inclusion of kT smearing improves the CEM fits substantially, but significant incompatibilities remain. The NRQCD factorization fits to the chi(c) data indicate that multiple gluon radiation is an essential ingredient in obtaining the correct shape of the cross section as a function of pT. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Korea Univ, Dept Phys, Seoul 136701, South Korea. RP Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 51 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 1 AR 014004 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.72.014004 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 950WM UT WOS:000230889400023 ER PT J AU Cheng, HY Chua, CK Soni, A AF Cheng, HY Chua, CK Soni, A TI Effects of final-state interactions on mixing-induced CP violation in penguin-dominated B decays SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID QCD FACTORIZATION; K-S; ASYMMETRIES; AMPLITUDES; PHYSICS; MATRIX; PHASES AB Motivated by the recent indications of the possibility of sizable deviations of the mixing-induced CP violation parameter, S-f, in the penguin-dominated b -> sq (q) over bar transition decays such as B-0->(phi,omega,rho(0),eta('),eta,pi(0),f(0))K-S from sin2 beta determined from B -> J/psi K-S, we study final-state rescattering effects on their decay rates and CP violation. Recent observations of large direct CP asymmetry in modes such as B-0-> K(+)pi(-),rho(-)pi(+) suggest that final-state phases in two-body B decays may not be small. It is therefore important to examine these long-distance effects on penguin-dominated decays. Such long-distance effects on S-f are found to be generally small [i.e. O(1-2%)] or negligible except for the omega K-S and rho(0)K(S) modes where S-f is lowered by around 15% for the former and increased by the same percentage for the latter. However, final-state rescattering can enhance the omega K-S, phi K-S, eta(')K(S), rho(0)K(S), and pi(0)K(S) rates significantly and flip the signs of direct CP asymmetries of the last two modes. Direct CP asymmetries in omega K-S and rho(0)K(S) channels are predicted to be A(omega KS)approximate to-0.13 and A(rho)(0)K(S)approximate to 0.47, respectively. However, direct CP asymmetry in all the other b -> s penguin-dominated modes that we study is found to be rather small (less than or similar to a few percent), rendering these modes a viable place to search for the CP-odd phases beyond the standard model. Since Delta S-f (equivalent to-eta(f)S(f)-S-J/psi KS, with eta(f) being the CP eigenvalue of the final state f) and A(f) are closely related, the theoretical uncertainties in the mixing-induced parameter S-f and the direct CP asymmetry parameter A(f) are also coupled. Based on this work, it seems difficult to accommodate parallel to Delta S(f)parallel to > 0.10 within the standard model for B-0->(phi,omega,rho(0),eta('),eta,pi(0))K-S; in particular, eta(')K(S) is especially clean in our picture. For f(0)K(S), at present we cannot make reliable estimates. The sign of the central value of Delta S-f for all the modes we study is positive but quite small, compared to the theoretical uncertainties, so that at present conclusive statements on the sign are difficult to make. C1 Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei 115, Taiwan. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei 115, Taiwan. NR 55 TC 90 Z9 90 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 1 AR 014006 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.72.014006 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 950WM UT WOS:000230889400025 ER PT J AU Chung, DJH Kolb, EW Riotto, A Senatore, L AF Chung, DJH Kolb, EW Riotto, A Senatore, L TI Isocurvature constraints on gravitationally produced superheavy dark matter SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID PROBE WMAP OBSERVATIONS; ENERGY COSMIC-RAYS; COSMOLOGICAL CONSTRAINTS; SUPERSYMMETRY-BREAKING; GRAVITINOS; INFLATION; ANISOTROPIES AB We show that the isocurvature perturbations imply that the gravitationally produced superheavy dark matter must have masses larger than a few times the Hubble expansion rate at the end of inflation. This together with the bound on tensor to scalar contribution to the CMB induces a lower bound on the reheating temperature for superheavy dark matter to be about 10(7) GeV. Hence, if the superheavy dark-matter scenario is embedded in supergravity models with gravity mediated supersymmetry breaking, the gravitino bound will squeeze this scenario. Furthermore, the CMB constraint strengthens the statement that a gravitationally produced superheavy dark-matter scenario prefers a relatively large tensor mode amplitude if the reheating temperature must be less than 10(9) GeV. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Ctr Particle Astrophys, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. MIT, Ctr Theoret Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Chung, DJH (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM danielchung@wisc.edu; rocky@fnal.gov; antonio.riotto@pd.infn.it; senatore@mit.edu NR 46 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 2 AR 023511 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.72.023511 PG 22 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 950WO UT WOS:000230889600021 ER PT J AU de Florian, D Vogelsang, W AF de Florian, D Vogelsang, W TI Threshold resummation for the prompt-photon cross section revisited SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID QCD HARD SCATTERING; LEADING-ORDER; P(P)OVER-BAR COLLISIONS; FRAGMENTATION FUNCTION; HADRONIC COLLISIONS; ROOT-S=1.8 TEV; QUARK; PREDICTIONS; SINGLE AB We study the resummation of large logarithmic perturbative corrections to the partonic cross sections relevant for the process pp ->gamma X at high transverse momentum of the photon. These corrections arise near the threshold for the partonic reaction and are associated with soft-gluon emission. We especially focus on the resummation effects for the contribution to the cross section where the photon is produced in jet fragmentation. Previous calculations in perturbation theory at fixed order have established that this contribution is a subdominant part of the cross section. We find, however, that it is subject to much larger resummation effects than the direct (nonfragmentation) piece and therefore appears to be a significant contribution in the fixed-target regime, not much suppressed with respect to the direct part. Inclusion of threshold resummation for the fragmentation piece leads to some improvement in comparisons between theoretical calculations and experimental data. C1 Univ Buenos Aires, FCEYN, Dept Fis, RA-1428 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN, BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Univ Buenos Aires, FCEYN, Dept Fis, Pabellon 1,Ciudad Univ,Capital Fed, RA-1428 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. RI de Florian, Daniel/B-6902-2011 OI de Florian, Daniel/0000-0002-3724-0695 NR 56 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 1 AR 014014 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.72.014014 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 950WM UT WOS:000230889400033 ER PT J AU Gorham, PW Saltzberg, D Field, RC Guillian, E Milincic, R Miocinovic, P Walz, D Williams, D AF Gorham, PW Saltzberg, D Field, RC Guillian, E Milincic, R Miocinovic, P Walz, D Williams, D TI Accelerator measurements of the Askaryan effect in rock salt: A roadmap toward teraton underground neutrino detectors SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID HIGH-ENERGY NEUTRINOS; ULTRAHIGH-ENERGY; RADIO DETECTION; COSMIC-RAYS; RADIATION; ELECTRONS; EMISSION; SHOWERS; PULSES AB We report on further SLAC measurements of the Askaryan effect: coherent radio emission from charge asymmetry in electromagnetic cascades. We used synthetic rock salt as the dielectric medium, with cascades produced by GeV bremsstrahlung photons at the Final Focus Test Beam. We extend our prior discovery measurements to a wider range of parameter space and explore the effect in a dielectric medium of great potential interest to large-scale ultra-high-energy neutrino detectors: rock salt (halite), which occurs naturally in high purity formations containing in many cases hundreds of km(3) of water-equivalent mass. We observed strong coherent pulsed radio emission over a frequency band from 0.2-15 GHz. A grid of embedded dual-polarization antennas was used to confirm the high degree of linear polarization and track the change of direction of the electric-field vector with azimuth around the shower. Coherence was observed over 4 orders of magnitude of shower energy. The frequency dependence of the radiation was tested over 2 orders of magnitude of UHF and microwave frequencies. We have also made the first observations of coherent transition radiation from the Askaryan charge excess, and the result agrees well with theoretical predictions. Based on these results we have performed a detailed and conservative simulation of a realistic GZK neutrino telescope array within a salt dome, and we find it capable of detecting 10 or more contained events per year from even the most conservative GZK neutrino models. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Phys & Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA USA. RP Gorham, PW (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. NR 50 TC 74 Z9 75 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 2 AR 023002 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.72.023002 PG 22 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 950WO UT WOS:000230889600007 ER PT J AU Kadota, K Dodelson, S Hu, W Stewart, ED AF Kadota, K Dodelson, S Hu, W Stewart, ED TI Precision of inflaton potential reconstruction from CMB using the general slow-roll approximation SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID PROBE WMAP OBSERVATIONS; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; PRIMORDIAL POWER SPECTRUM; COSMOLOGICAL PARAMETERS; DATA RELEASE; ANISOTROPY; 2ND-ORDER AB Through a principal component analysis, we study how accurately cosmic microwave background observables can constrain inflaton potentials in a model-independent manner. We apply the general slow-roll approximation in our analysis where we allow, in contrast to the standard slow-roll approximation, the possibility of variations in V''(phi) and take into account the fact that horizon crossing is not an instantaneous event. Our analysis provides a set of modes to be used in fitting observables. We find that of order five of these modes will be constrained by future observations, so a fully general data analysis package could use the amplitudes of just a handful of modes as free parameters and retain all relevant information in the data. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Ctr Particle Astrophys, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Northwestern Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, Taejon 305701, South Korea. Univ Toronto, Canadian Inst Theoret Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H8, Canada. RP Kadota, K (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Ctr Particle Astrophys, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RI Stewart, Ewan/C-1565-2011 NR 38 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 2 AR 023510 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.72.023510 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 950WO UT WOS:000230889600020 ER PT J AU Kusenko, A Loveridge, LC Shaposhnikov, M AF Kusenko, A Loveridge, LC Shaposhnikov, M TI Supersymmetric dark-matter Q-balls and their interactions in matter SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID FLAT-DIRECTION BARYOGENESIS; SCALAR FIELD THEORIES; STANDARD MODEL; NONTOPOLOGICAL SOLITONS; PARTICLELIKE SOLUTIONS; MSSM AB Supersymmetric extensions of the Standard Model contain nontopological solitons, Q-balls, which can be stable and can be a form of cosmological dark matter. Understanding the interaction of SUSY Q-balls with matter fermions is important for both astrophysical limits and laboratory searches for these dark-matter candidates. We show that a baryon scattering off a baryonic SUSY Q-ball can convert into its antiparticle with a high probability, while the baryon number of the Q-ball is increased by two units. For a SUSY Q-ball interacting with matter, this process dominates over those previously discussed in the literature. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN, BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Theoret Phys, BSP, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. RP Kusenko, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. NR 38 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 2 AR 025015 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.72.025015 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 950WO UT WOS:000230889600076 ER PT J AU Lasscock, BG Hedditch, J Kamleh, W Leinweber, DB Melnitchouk, W Thomas, AW Williams, AG Young, RD Zanotti, JM AF Lasscock, BG Hedditch, J Kamleh, W Leinweber, DB Melnitchouk, W Thomas, AW Williams, AG Young, RD Zanotti, JM TI Search for the pentaquark resonance signature in lattice QCD SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID FLIC FERMIONS; BARYON; MASS; DECUPLET; STATES; PHENOMENOLOGY; SCATTERING; COLLISIONS; THETA(+); ENERGY AB Claims concerning the possible discovery of the Theta(+)pentaquark, with minimal quark content uudd (s) over bar s, have motivated our comprehensive study into possible pentaquark states using lattice QCD. We review various spin-1/2 pentaquark interpolating fields in the literature and create a new candidate ideal for lattice QCD simulations. Using these interpolating fields we attempt to isolate a signal for a five-quark resonance. Calculations are performed using improved actions on a large 20(3) x 40 lattice in the quenched approximation. The standard lattice resonance signal of binding at quark masses near the physical regime, observed for established baryon resonances, is not observed for spin-1/2 pentaquark states. Thus we find no evidence supporting the existence of a spin- 1/2 pentaquark resonance in quenched QCD. C1 Univ Adelaide, Special Res Ctr Subatom Struct Matter, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. DESY, NIC, John Von Neumann Inst Comp, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. RP Univ Adelaide, Special Res Ctr Subatom Struct Matter, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. RI Thomas, Anthony/G-4194-2012; Zanotti, James/H-8128-2012; Young, Ross/H-8207-2012; Williams, Anthony/I-6698-2012; Leinweber, Derek/J-6705-2013; OI Thomas, Anthony/0000-0003-0026-499X; Zanotti, James/0000-0002-3936-1597; Leinweber, Derek/0000-0002-4745-6027; Williams, Anthony/0000-0002-1472-1592 NR 91 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 1 AR 014502 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.72.014502 PG 22 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 950WM UT WOS:000230889400039 ER PT J AU Mehen, T Tiburzi, BC AF Mehen, T Tiburzi, BC TI Quarks with twisted boundary conditions in the epsilon regime SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID QCD DIRAC OPERATOR; LATTICE QCD; FINITE-TEMPERATURE; CHIRAL-SYMMETRY; PHASE-DIAGRAM; AXIAL CURRENT; DENSITY; SIMULATIONS; SPECTRA; MOMENTA AB We study the effects of twisted boundary conditions on the quark fields in the epsilon regime of chiral perturbation theory. We consider the SU(2)(L) x SU(2)(R) chiral theory with nondegenerate quarks and the SU(3)(L) x SU(3)(R) chiral theory with massless up and down quarks and massive strange quarks. The partition function and condensate are derived for each theory. Because flavor-neutral Goldstone bosons are unaffected by twisted boundary conditions chiral symmetry is still restored in finite volumes. The dependence of the condensate on the twisting parameters can be used to extract the pion decay constant from simulations in the epsilon regime. The relative contribution to the partition function from sectors of different topological charge is numerically insensitive to twisted boundary conditions. C1 Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Univ Washington, Inst Nucl Theory, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Mehen, T (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. EM mehen@phy.duke.edu; bctiburz@phy.duke.edu NR 49 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 1 AR 014501 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.72.014501 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 950WM UT WOS:000230889400038 ER PT J AU Nomura, Y Tweedie, B AF Nomura, Y Tweedie, B TI Supersymmetric fine-tuning problem and TeV-scale exotic scalars SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID DARK-MATTER; HIGGS MASS; SUPERGRAVITY MODELS; GRAND UNIFICATION; PARTICLE PHYSICS; EXTRA DIMENSION; GALACTIC-CENTER; BREAKING; SEARCH; CONSTRAINTS AB A general framework is presented for supersymmetric theories that do not suffer from fine-tuning in electroweak symmetry breaking. Supersymmetry is dynamically broken at a scale Lambda approximate to(10-100) TeV, which is transmitted to the supersymmetric standard model sector through standard model gauge interactions. The dynamical supersymmetry-breaking sector possesses an approximate global SU(5) symmetry, whose SU(3)xSU(2)xU(1) subgroup is explicitly gauged and identified as the standard model gauge group. This SU(5) symmetry is dynamically broken at the scale Lambda, leading to pseudo-Goldstone boson states, which we call xyons. We perform a detailed estimate for the xyon mass and find that it is naturally in the multi-TeV region. We study general properties of xyons, including their lifetime, and study their collider signatures. A generic signature is highly ionizing tracks caused by stable charged bound states of xyons, which may be observed at the CERN LHC. We also consider cosmology in our scenario and find that a consistent picture can be obtained. Our framework is general and does not depend on the detailed structure of the Higgs sector, nor on the mechanism of gaugino-mass generation. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Theoret Phys Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. OI Nomura, Yasunori/0000-0002-1497-1479 NR 82 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 1 AR 015006 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.72.015006 PG 28 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 950WM UT WOS:000230889400050 ER PT J AU Nunokawa, H Parke, S Funchal, RZ AF Nunokawa, H Parke, S Funchal, RZ TI Another possible way to determine the neutrino mass hierarchy SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID BETA-BEAM; OSCILLATION; FLUX AB We show that by combining high precision measurements of the atmospheric delta m(2) in both the electron and muon neutrino (or antineutrino) disappearance channels one can determine the neutrino mass hierarchy. The required precision is a very challenging fraction of one per cent for both measurements. At even higher precision, sensitivity to the cosine of the CP violating phase is also possible. This method for determining the mass hierarchy of the neutrino sector does not depend on matter effects. C1 Pontificia Univ Catolica Rio de Janeiro, Dept Fis, BR-22452970 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Dept Theoret Phys, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis, BR-05315970 Sao Paulo, Brazil. RP Pontificia Univ Catolica Rio de Janeiro, Dept Fis, CP 38071, BR-22452970 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. EM nunokawa@fis.puc-rio.br; parke@fnal.gov; zukanov@if.usp.br RI Zukanovich Funchal, Renata/C-5829-2013; OI Zukanovich Funchal, Renata/0000-0001-6749-0022; Parke, Stephen/0000-0003-2028-6782 NR 42 TC 91 Z9 91 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 1 AR 013009 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.72.013009 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 950WM UT WOS:000230889400019 ER PT J AU Sher, A Appel, R Atoyan, GS Bassalleck, B Bergman, DR Cheung, N Dhawan, S Do, H Egger, J Eilerts, S Fischer, H Herold, W Issakov, VV Kaspar, H Kraus, DE Lazarus, DM Lichard, P Lowe, J Lozano, J Ma, H Majid, W Pislak, S Poblaguev, AA Rehak, P Sher, A Thompson, JA Truol, P Zeller, ME AF Sher, A Appel, R Atoyan, GS Bassalleck, B Bergman, DR Cheung, N Dhawan, S Do, H Egger, J Eilerts, S Fischer, H Herold, W Issakov, VV Kaspar, H Kraus, DE Lazarus, DM Lichard, P Lowe, J Lozano, J Ma, H Majid, W Pislak, S Poblaguev, AA Rehak, P Sher, A Thompson, JA Truol, P Zeller, ME TI Improved upper limit on the decay K+->pi(+)mu(+)e(-) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID VIOLATION; MASSES AB Based on results of a search for the lepton-family-number-violating decay K+->pi(+)mu(+)e(-) with data collected by experiment E865 at the Alternating Gradient Synchrotron of Brookhaven National Laboratory, we place an upper limit on the branching ratio at 2.1 x 10(-11) (90% C.L.). Combining the results with earlier E865 data and those of a previous experiment, E777, an upper limit on the branching ratio of 1.3 x 10(-11) (90% C.L.) is obtained. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Russian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, Moscow 117312, Russia. Paul Scherrer Inst, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. Univ Zurich, Inst Phys, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland. RP Sher, A (reprint author), TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. RI Lichard, Peter/A-4459-2010 OI Lichard, Peter/0000-0003-1581-8545 NR 18 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 1 AR 012005 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.72.012005 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 950WM UT WOS:000230889400009 ER PT J AU Shintani, E Aoki, S Ishizuka, N Kanaya, K Kikukawa, Y Kuramashi, Y Okawa, M Taniguchi, Y Ukawa, A Yoshie, T AF Shintani, E Aoki, S Ishizuka, N Kanaya, K Kikukawa, Y Kuramashi, Y Okawa, M Taniguchi, Y Ukawa, A Yoshie, T CA CP-PACS Collaboration TI Neutron electric dipole moment from lattice QCD SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID ELECTROMAGNETIC FORM-FACTORS; EXACTLY MASSLESS QUARKS; YANG-MILLS THEORY; GAUGE-THEORIES; SUM-RULES; CHIRAL FERMIONS; LIMIT AB We carry out a feasibility study for the lattice QCD calculation of the neutron electric dipole moment (NEDM) in the presence of the theta term. We develop the strategy to obtain the nucleon EDM from the CP- odd electromagnetic form factor F-3 at small theta, in which NEDM is given by lim(q2 -> 0 theta)F(3)(q(2))/(2m(N)), where q is the momentum transfer and m(N) is the nucleon mass. We first derive a formula which relates F-3, a matrix element of the electromagnetic current between nucleon states, with vacuum expectation values of nucleons and/ or the current. In the expansion of theta, the parity-odd part of the nucleon- current- nucleon three-point function contains contributions not only from the parity-odd form factors but also from the parity-even form factors multiplied by the parity-odd part of the nucleon two- point function, and, therefore, the latter contribution must be subtracted to extract F-3. We then perform an explicit lattice calculation employing the domain- wall quark action with the renormalization group improved gauge action in quenched QCD at a(-1) similar or equal to 2 GeV on a 16(3) x 32 x 16 lattice. At the quark mass m(f)a = 0: 03, corresponding to m(pi)/m(rho) similar or equal to 0:63, we accumulate 730 configurations, which allow us to extract the parityodd part in both two- and three- point functions. Employing two different Dirac gamma matrix projections, we show that a consistent value for F-3 cannot be obtained without the subtraction described above. We obtain F-3(q(2) similar or equal to 0:58 GeV2)/(2m(N))= -0:024(5) e . fm for the neutron and F-3(q(2) similar or equal to 0: 58 GeV2)/(2mN) = 0:021(6)e . fm for the proton. C1 Univ Tsukuba, Grad Sch Pure & Appl Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058571, Japan. Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN, BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Tsukuba, Ctr Computat Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058577, Japan. Nagoya Univ, Dept Phys, Nagoya, Aichi 4648602, Japan. Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. RP Univ Tsukuba, Grad Sch Pure & Appl Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058571, Japan. RI Ukawa, Akira/A-6549-2011; Kuramashi, Yoshinobu /C-8637-2016; Shintani, Eigo/C-8623-2016 NR 44 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 1 AR 014504 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.72.014504 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 950WM UT WOS:000230889400041 ER PT J AU Hastings, MB AF Hastings, MB TI Statistical mechanics of interfering links SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID AD HOC COMMUNICATION; BETHE LATTICE; SPIN-GLASS; NETWORKS; CAPACITY AB We consider the statistical mechanics of interfering transmissions in a wireless communications protocol. In this case, a connection between two nodes requires all other nodes within communication distance of the given two nodes to remain quiet on the given channel. This leads to an interesting problem of dimers on a lattice, with a restriction that no two dimers can overlap or be nearest neighbors. We consider both an equilibrium and a nonequilibrium, "greedy" dynamics for the links; the equilibrium properties of the model are found to exhibit an interesting spin-glass transition at maximum density on certain lattices, while the greedy construction is related to the problem of random sequential adsorption. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Hastings, MB (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM hastings@lanl.gov NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 1 AR 015102 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.72.015102 PN 2 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 950VS UT WOS:000230887100002 ER PT J AU Marschand, LW Brown, M Lurio, LB Law, BM Uran, S Kuzmenko, I Gog, T AF Marschand, LW Brown, M Lurio, LB Law, BM Uran, S Kuzmenko, I Gog, T TI X-ray specular reflectivity study of a critical binary fluid mixture SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID CRITICAL-ADSORPTION PROFILE; ORDER-PARAMETER PROFILE; EXTRAORDINARY TRANSITION; NEUTRON REFLECTION; SURFACE; REFLECTOMETRY AB We have used direct inversion of x-ray reflectivity data to extract the liquid-vapor interface composition profile and the related critical scaling function of a binary mixture of dodecane and tetrabromoethane. The mixture was in the one-phase region above its critical point. The results indicate the formation of a monolayer of the lower surface tension component followed by an abrupt change to a mixed composition which gradually relaxes to the bulk composition deep within the fluid. C1 No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. Kansas State Univ, Dept Phys, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. RI Law, Bruce/I-3605-2013 OI Law, Bruce/0000-0002-3877-8497 NR 19 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0045 EI 2470-0053 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 1 AR 011509 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.72.011509 PN 1 PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 950VR UT WOS:000230886900049 PM 16089972 ER PT J AU Mason, RJ Dodd, ES Albright, BJ AF Mason, RJ Dodd, ES Albright, BJ TI Hot-electron surface retention in intense short-pulse laser-matter interactions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID FAST IGNITION; PROTON-BEAMS; TRANSPORT; PLASMA; SIMULATION; TARGETS; FUSION; FIELDS; GENERATION; DENSITY AB Implicit hybrid plasma simulations predict that a significant fraction of the energy deposited into hot electrons can be retained near the surface of targets with steep density gradients illuminated by intense short-pulse lasers. This retention derives from the lateral transport of heated electrons randomly emitted in the presence of spontaneous magnetic fields arising near the laser spot, from geometric effects associated with a small hot-electron source, and from E fields arising in reaction to the ponderomotive force. Below the laser spot hot electrons are axially focused into a target by the B fields, and can filament in moderate Z targets by resistive Weibel-like instability, if the effective background electron temperature remains sufficiently low. Carefully engineered use of such retention in conjunction with ponderomotive density profile steepening could result in a reduced hot-electron range that aids fast ignition. Alternatively, such retention may disturb a deeper deposition needed for efficient radiography and backside fast ion generation. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Res Applicat Corp, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Mason, RJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM mason@lanl.gov; esdodd@lanl.gov; balbright@lanl.gov NR 36 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 1 AR 015401 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.72.015401 PN 2 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 950VS UT WOS:000230887100006 PM 16090028 ER PT J AU Ripoll, M Ernst, MH AF Ripoll, M Ernst, MH TI Power law tails of time correlations in a mesoscopic fluid model SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID VELOCITY-AUTOCORRELATION FUNCTION; STATIONARY RANDOM-MEDIA; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS CALCULATIONS; DISSIPATIVE PARTICLE DYNAMICS; 3 DIMENSIONS; BEHAVIOR; DECAY; EQUATION; DENSITY; TERMS AB In a quenched mesoscopic fluid, modeling transport processes at high densities, we perform computer simulations of the single particle energy autocorrelation function C-e(t), which is essentially a return probability. This is done to test the predictions for power law tails, obtained from mode coupling theory. We study both off and on-lattice systems in one- and two-dimensions. The predicted long time tail similar to t(-d/2) is in excellent agreement with the results of computer simulations. We also account for finite size effects, such that smaller systems are fully covered by the present theory as well. C1 Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Festkorperforsch, D-52425 Julich, Germany. Univ Nacl Educ Distancia, Dept Fis Fundamental, Madrid 28040, Spain. Los Alamos Natl Lab, CNLS, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Utrecht, Inst Theoret Phys, NL-3508 TD Utrecht, Netherlands. RP Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Festkorperforsch, D-52425 Julich, Germany. RI Ripoll, Marisol /G-4434-2013 OI Ripoll, Marisol /0000-0001-9583-067X NR 24 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0045 EI 2470-0053 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 1 AR 011101 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.72.011101 PN 1 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 950VR UT WOS:000230886900008 PM 16089931 ER PT J AU Westfahl, H Schmalian, J AF Westfahl, H Schmalian, J TI Correlated disorder in random block copolymers SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID 1ST-ORDER PHASE-TRANSITIONS; MICROPHASE SEPARATION; RENORMALIZATION-GROUP; CRITICAL-BEHAVIOR; DIBLOCK COPOLYMER; EPSILON-EXPANSION; QUENCHED DISORDER; GLASS-TRANSITION; SYSTEMS; MELTS AB We study the effect of a random Flory-Huggins parameter in a symmetric diblock copolymer melt which is expected to occur in a copolymer where one block is near its structural glass transition. In the clean limit the microphase segregation between the two blocks causes a weak, fluctuation induced first order transition to a lamellar state. Using a renormalization group approach combined with the replica trick to treat the quenched disorder, we show that beyond a critical disorder strength, which depends on the length of the polymer chain, the character of the transition is changed. The system becomes dominated by strong randomness and a glassy rather than an ordered lamellar state occurs. A renormalization of the effective disorder distribution leads to nonlocal disorder correlations that reflect strong compositional fluctuation on the scale of the radius of gyration of the polymer chains. The reason for this behavior is shown to be the chain length dependent role of critical fluctuations, which are less important for shorter chains and become increasingly more relevant as the polymer length increases and the clean first order transition becomes weaker. C1 Lab Nacl Luz Sncrotron ABTLuS, BR-13084971 Campinas, SP, Brazil. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Westfahl, H (reprint author), Lab Nacl Luz Sncrotron ABTLuS, BR-13084971 Campinas, SP, Brazil. RI Schmalian, Joerg/H-2313-2011 NR 55 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 1 AR 011806 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.72.011806 PN 1 PG 11 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 950VR UT WOS:000230886900069 PM 16089992 ER PT J AU Yang, L Fukuto, M AF Yang, L Fukuto, M TI Modulated phase of phospholipids with a two-dimensional square lattice SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID LECITHIN BILAYERS; LIPID-BILAYERS; RIPPLE PHASE; MULTIMEMBRANE; MEMBRANES; FILMS AB We report an observation of a modulated phase of phospholipids in which intrabilayer density modulations form an in-plane square lattice. Similar to the well-known ripple (P-beta(')) phase, this phase can be induced by either dehydration or cooling from the liquid crystalline (L-alpha) phase. However, further lowering of hydration or temperature induces either an untilted straight-chain gel phase (L-beta), or the tilted L-beta(') phase after a brief appearance of the P-beta(') phase. The structural characteristics of this phase support the notion that the coupling between variations in local chain tilt and bilayer shape plays an important role in the formation of modulated phases. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Yang, L (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Yang, Lin/D-5872-2013 OI Yang, Lin/0000-0003-1057-9194 NR 13 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 1 AR 010901 DI 10.1103/PhtsRevE.72.010901 PN 1 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 950VR UT WOS:000230886900005 PM 16089928 ER PT J AU Aubert, B Barate, R Boutigny, D Couderc, F Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Poireau, V Tissserand, V Zghiche, A Grauges-Pous, E Palano, A Pompili, A Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Ofte, I Stugu, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Charles, E Day, CT Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kukartsev, G Lynch, G Mir, LM Oddone, PJ Orimoto, TJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Ronan, MT Wenzel, WA Barrett, M Ford, KE Harrison, TJ Hart, AJ Hawkes, CM Morgan, SE Watson, AT Fritsch, M Goetzen, K Held, T Koch, H Lewandowski, B Pelizaeus, M Peters, K Schroeder, T Steinke, M Boyd, JT Burke, JP Chevalier, N Cottingham, WN Kelly, MP Latham, TE Wilson, FF Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T Hearty, C Knecht, NS Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Khan, A Kyberd, P Teodorescu, L Blinov, AE Blinov, VE Druzhinin, VP Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Solodov, EP Yushkov, AN Best, D Bruinsma, M Chao, M Eschrich, I Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M Mommsen, RK Roethel, W Stoker, DP Buchanan, C Hartfiel, BL Weinstein, AJR Foulkes, SD Gary, JW Long, O Shen, BC Wang, K del Re, D Hadavand, HK Hill, EJ MacFarlane, DB Paar, HP Rahatlou, S Sharma, V Berryhill, JW Campagnari, C Cunha, A Dahmes, B Hong, TM Lu, A Mazur, MA Richman, JD Verkerke, W Beck, TW Eisner, AM Flacco, CJ Heusch, CA Kroseberg, J Lockman, WS Nesom, G Schalk, T Schumm, BA Seiden, A Spradlin, P Williams, DC Wilson, MG Albert, J Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Hitlin, DG Narsky, I Piatenko, T Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Yang, S Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Blanc, F Bloom, P Chen, S Ford, WT Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Rankin, P Ruddick, WO Smith, JG Ulmer, KA Zhang, J Zhang, L Chen, A Eckhart, EA Harton, JL Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Zeng, Q Spaan, B Altenburg, D Brandt, T Brose, J Dickopp, M Feltresi, E Hauke, A Lacker, HM Maly, E Nogowski, R Otto, S Petzold, A Schott, G Schubert, J Schubert, KR Schwierz, R Sundermann, JE Bernard, D Bonnneaud, GR Grenier, P Schrenk, S Thiebaux, C Vasileiadis, G Verderi, M Bard, DJ Clark, PJ Muheim, F Playfer, S Xie, Y Andreotti, M Azzolini, V Bettoni, D Bozzi, C Calabrese, R Cibinetto, G Luppi, E Negrini, M Piemontese, L Sarti, A Anulli, F Baldini-Ferroli, R Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Finocchiaro, G Patteri, P Peruzzi, IM Piccolo, M Zallo, A Buzzo, A Capra, R Contri, R Crosetti, G Lo Vetere, M Macri, M Monge, MR Passaggio, S Patrignani, C Robutti, E Santroni, A Tosi, S Bailey, S Brandenburg, G Chaisanguanthum, KS Morii, M Won, E Dubitzky, RS Langenegger, U Marks, J Uwer, U Bhimji, W Bowerman, DA Dauncey, PD Egede, U Gaillard, JR Morton, GW Nash, JA Nikolich, MB Taylor, GP Charles, MJ Grenier, GJ Mallik, U Mohapatra, AK Cochran, J Crawley, HB Lamsa, J Meyer, WT Prell, S Rosenberg, EI Rubin, AE Yi, J Arnaud, N Davier, M Giroux, X Grosdidier, G Hocker, A Le Diberder, F Lepeltier, V Lutz, AM Petersen, TC Pierini, M Plaszczynski, S Schune, MH Wormser, G Cheng, CH Lange, DJ Simani, MC Wright, DM Bevan, AJ Chavez, CA Coleman, JP Forster, IJ Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R Hutchhcroft, DE Parry, RJ Payne, DJ Touramanis, C Cormack, CM Di Lodovico, F Brown, CL Cowan, G Flack, RL Flaecher, HU Green, MG Jackson, PS McMahon, TR Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Winter, MA Brown, D Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, NR Barlow, RJ Hodgkinson, MC Lafferty, GD Naisbit, MT Williams, JC Chen, C Farbin, A Hulsbergen, WD Jawahery, A Kovalskyi, D Lae, CK Lillard, V Roberts, DA Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Hertzbach, SS Kofler, R Koptchev, VB Moore, TB Saremi, S Staengle, H Willocq, S Cowan, R Koeneke, K Sciolla, G Sekula, SJ Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Patel, PM Robertson, SH Lazzaro, A Lombardo, V Palombo, F Bauer, JM Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Godang, R Kroeger, R Reidy, J Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Zhao, HW Brunet, S Cote, D Taras, P Nicholson, H Cavallo, N Fabozzi, F Gatto, C Lista, L Monorchio, D Paolucci, P Piccolo, D Sciacca, C Baak, M Bulten, H Raven, G Snoek, HL Wilden, L Jessop, CP LoSecco, JM Allmendinger, T Bennelli, G Gan, KK Honscheid, K Hufnagel, D Kagan, H Kass, R Pulliam, T Rahimi, AM Ter-Antonyan, R Wong, QK Brau, J Frey, R Igonkina, O Lu, M Potter, CT Sinev, NB Strom, D Torrence, E Colecchia, F Dorigo, A Galeazzi, F Margoni, M Morandin, M Posocco, M Rotondo, M Simonetto, F Stroili, R Voci, C Benayoun, M Briand, H Chauveau, J David, P Del Buono, L de la Vaissiere, C Hamon, O John, MJJ Leruste, P Malcles, J Ocariz, J Roos, L Therin, G Behera, PK Gladney, L Guo, QH Panetta, J Biasini, M Covarelli, R Pioppi, M Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bondioli, M Bucci, F Calderini, G Carpinelli, M Forti, F Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Marchiori, G Morganti, M Neri, N Paoloni, E Rama, M Rizzo, G Simi, G Walsh, J Haire, M Judd, D Paick, K Wagoner, DE Danielson, N Elmer, P Lau, YP Lu, C Miftakov, V Olsen, J Smith, AJS Telnov, AV Bellini, F Cavoto, G D'Orazio, A Di Marco, E Faccini, R Ferrarotto, F Ferroni, F Gaspero, M Li Gioi, L Mazzoni, MA Morganti, S Piredda, G Polci, F Tehrani, FS Voena, C Christ, S Schroder, H Wagner, G Waldi, R Adye, T De Groot, N Franek, B Gopal, GP Olaiya, EO Aleksan, R Emery, S Gaidot, A Ganzhur, SF Giraud, PF de Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Legendre, M London, GW Mayer, B Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Purohit, MV Weidemann, AW Wilson, JR Yumiceva, FX Abe, T Aston, D Bartoldus, R Berger, N Boyarski, AM Buchmueller, OL Claus, R Convery, MR Cristinziani, M De Nardo, G Dingfelder, JC Dong, D Dorfan, J Dujmic, D Dunwoodie, W Fan, S Field, RC Glanzman, T Gowdy, SJ Hadig, T Halyo, V Hast, C Hrny'ova, T Innes, WR Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Leith, DWGS Libby, J Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Marsiske, H Messner, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Ozcan, VE Perazzo, A Perl, M Ratcliff, BN Roodman, A Salnikov, AA Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Snyder, A Soha, A Stelzer, J Strube, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weaver, M Wisniewski, WJ Wittgen, M Wright, DH Yarritu, AK Young, CC Burchat, PR Edwards, AJ Majewski, SA Petersen, BA Roat, C Ahmed, M Ahmed, S Alam, MS Ernst, JA Saeed, MA Saleem, M Wappler, FR Bugg, W Krishnamurthy, M Spanier, SM Eckmann, R Kim, H Ritchie, JL Satpathy, A Schwitters, RF Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Ye, S Bianchi, F Bona, M Gallo, F Gamba, D Bosisio, L Cartaro, C Cossutti, F Della Ricca, G Dittongo, S Grancagnolo, S Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vitale, L Vuagnin, G Martinez-Vidal, F Panvini, RS Banerjee, S Bhuyan, B Brown, CM Fortin, D Hamano, K Jackson, PD Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Sobie, RJ Back, JJ Harrison, PF Mohanty, GB Band, HR Chen, X Cheng, B Dasu, S Datta, M Eichenbaum, AM Flood, KT Graham, M Hollar, JJ Johnson, JR Kutter, PE Li, H Liu, R Mihalyi, A Pan, Y Prepost, R Tan, P von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, J Wu, SL Yu, Z Greene, MG Neal, H AF Aubert, B Barate, R Boutigny, D Couderc, F Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Poireau, V Tissserand, V Zghiche, A Grauges-Pous, E Palano, A Pompili, A Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Ofte, I Stugu, B Abrams, GS Borgland, AW Breon, AB Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Charles, E Day, CT Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadel, RW Kadyk, J Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kukartsev, G Lynch, G Mir, LM Oddone, PJ Orimoto, TJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Ronan, MT Wenzel, WA Barrett, M Ford, KE Harrison, TJ Hart, AJ Hawkes, CM Morgan, SE Watson, AT Fritsch, M Goetzen, K Held, T Koch, H Lewandowski, B Pelizaeus, M Peters, K Schroeder, T Steinke, M Boyd, JT Burke, JP Chevalier, N Cottingham, WN Kelly, MP Latham, TE Wilson, FF Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T Hearty, C Knecht, NS Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Thiessen, D Khan, A Kyberd, P Teodorescu, L Blinov, AE Blinov, VE Druzhinin, VP Golubev, VB Ivanchenko, VN Kravchenko, EA Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Solodov, EP Yushkov, AN Best, D Bruinsma, M Chao, M Eschrich, I Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Mandelkern, M Mommsen, RK Roethel, W Stoker, DP Buchanan, C Hartfiel, BL Weinstein, AJR Foulkes, SD Gary, JW Long, O Shen, BC Wang, K del Re, D Hadavand, HK Hill, EJ MacFarlane, DB Paar, HP Rahatlou, S Sharma, V Berryhill, JW Campagnari, C Cunha, A Dahmes, B Hong, TM Lu, A Mazur, MA Richman, JD Verkerke, W Beck, TW Eisner, AM Flacco, CJ Heusch, CA Kroseberg, J Lockman, WS Nesom, G Schalk, T Schumm, BA Seiden, A Spradlin, P Williams, DC Wilson, MG Albert, J Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Hitlin, DG Narsky, I Piatenko, T Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Yang, S Jayatilleke, S Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Blanc, F Bloom, P Chen, S Ford, WT Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Rankin, P Ruddick, WO Smith, JG Ulmer, KA Zhang, J Zhang, L Chen, A Eckhart, EA Harton, JL Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Zeng, Q Spaan, B Altenburg, D Brandt, T Brose, J Dickopp, M Feltresi, E Hauke, A Lacker, HM Maly, E Nogowski, R Otto, S Petzold, A Schott, G Schubert, J Schubert, KR Schwierz, R Sundermann, JE Bernard, D Bonnneaud, GR Grenier, P Schrenk, S Thiebaux, C Vasileiadis, G Verderi, M Bard, DJ Clark, PJ Muheim, F Playfer, S Xie, Y Andreotti, M Azzolini, V Bettoni, D Bozzi, C Calabrese, R Cibinetto, G Luppi, E Negrini, M Piemontese, L Sarti, A Anulli, F Baldini-Ferroli, R Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Finocchiaro, G Patteri, P Peruzzi, IM Piccolo, M Zallo, A Buzzo, A Capra, R Contri, R Crosetti, G Lo Vetere, M Macri, M Monge, MR Passaggio, S Patrignani, C Robutti, E Santroni, A Tosi, S Bailey, S Brandenburg, G Chaisanguanthum, KS Morii, M Won, E Dubitzky, RS Langenegger, U Marks, J Uwer, U Bhimji, W Bowerman, DA Dauncey, PD Egede, U Gaillard, JR Morton, GW Nash, JA Nikolich, MB Taylor, GP Charles, MJ Grenier, GJ Mallik, U Mohapatra, AK Cochran, J Crawley, HB Lamsa, J Meyer, WT Prell, S Rosenberg, EI Rubin, AE Yi, J Arnaud, N Davier, M Giroux, X Grosdidier, G Hocker, A Le Diberder, F Lepeltier, V Lutz, AM Petersen, TC Pierini, M Plaszczynski, S Schune, MH Wormser, G Cheng, CH Lange, DJ Simani, MC Wright, DM Bevan, AJ Chavez, CA Coleman, JP Forster, IJ Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R Hutchhcroft, DE Parry, RJ Payne, DJ Touramanis, C Cormack, CM Di Lodovico, F Brown, CL Cowan, G Flack, RL Flaecher, HU Green, MG Jackson, PS McMahon, TR Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Winter, MA Brown, D Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, NR Barlow, RJ Hodgkinson, MC Lafferty, GD Naisbit, MT Williams, JC Chen, C Farbin, A Hulsbergen, WD Jawahery, A Kovalskyi, D Lae, CK Lillard, V Roberts, DA Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Hertzbach, SS Kofler, R Koptchev, VB Moore, TB Saremi, S Staengle, H Willocq, S Cowan, R Koeneke, K Sciolla, G Sekula, SJ Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Patel, PM Robertson, SH Lazzaro, A Lombardo, V Palombo, F Bauer, JM Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Godang, R Kroeger, R Reidy, J Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Zhao, HW Brunet, S Cote, D Taras, P Nicholson, H Cavallo, N Fabozzi, F Gatto, C Lista, L Monorchio, D Paolucci, P Piccolo, D Sciacca, C Baak, M Bulten, H Raven, G Snoek, HL Wilden, L Jessop, CP LoSecco, JM Allmendinger, T Bennelli, G Gan, KK Honscheid, K Hufnagel, D Kagan, H Kass, R Pulliam, T Rahimi, AM Ter-Antonyan, R Wong, QK Brau, J Frey, R Igonkina, O Lu, M Potter, CT Sinev, NB Strom, D Torrence, E Colecchia, F Dorigo, A Galeazzi, F Margoni, M Morandin, M Posocco, M Rotondo, M Simonetto, F Stroili, R Voci, C Benayoun, M Briand, H Chauveau, J David, P Del Buono, L de la Vaissiere, C Hamon, O John, MJJ Leruste, P Malcles, J Ocariz, J Roos, L Therin, G Behera, PK Gladney, L Guo, QH Panetta, J Biasini, M Covarelli, R Pioppi, M Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bondioli, M Bucci, F Calderini, G Carpinelli, M Forti, F Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Marchiori, G Morganti, M Neri, N Paoloni, E Rama, M Rizzo, G Simi, G Walsh, J Haire, M Judd, D Paick, K Wagoner, DE Danielson, N Elmer, P Lau, YP Lu, C Miftakov, V Olsen, J Smith, AJS Telnov, AV Bellini, F Cavoto, G D'Orazio, A Di Marco, E Faccini, R Ferrarotto, F Ferroni, F Gaspero, M Li Gioi, L Mazzoni, MA Morganti, S Piredda, G Polci, F Tehrani, FS Voena, C Christ, S Schroder, H Wagner, G Waldi, R Adye, T De Groot, N Franek, B Gopal, GP Olaiya, EO Aleksan, R Emery, S Gaidot, A Ganzhur, SF Giraud, PF de Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Legendre, M London, GW Mayer, B Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Purohit, MV Weidemann, AW Wilson, JR Yumiceva, FX Abe, T Aston, D Bartoldus, R Berger, N Boyarski, AM Buchmueller, OL Claus, R Convery, MR Cristinziani, M De Nardo, G Dingfelder, JC Dong, D Dorfan, J Dujmic, D Dunwoodie, W Fan, S Field, RC Glanzman, T Gowdy, SJ Hadig, T Halyo, V Hast, C Hrny'ova, T Innes, WR Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Leith, DWGS Libby, J Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Marsiske, H Messner, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Ozcan, VE Perazzo, A Perl, M Ratcliff, BN Roodman, A Salnikov, AA Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Snyder, A Soha, A Stelzer, J Strube, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Va'vra, J Wagner, SR Weaver, M Wisniewski, WJ Wittgen, M Wright, DH Yarritu, AK Young, CC Burchat, PR Edwards, AJ Majewski, SA Petersen, BA Roat, C Ahmed, M Ahmed, S Alam, MS Ernst, JA Saeed, MA Saleem, M Wappler, FR Bugg, W Krishnamurthy, M Spanier, SM Eckmann, R Kim, H Ritchie, JL Satpathy, A Schwitters, RF Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Ye, S Bianchi, F Bona, M Gallo, F Gamba, D Bosisio, L Cartaro, C Cossutti, F Della Ricca, G Dittongo, S Grancagnolo, S Lanceri, L Poropat, P Vitale, L Vuagnin, G Martinez-Vidal, F Panvini, RS Banerjee, S Bhuyan, B Brown, CM Fortin, D Hamano, K Jackson, PD Kowalewski, R Roney, JM Sobie, RJ Back, JJ Harrison, PF Mohanty, GB Band, HR Chen, X Cheng, B Dasu, S Datta, M Eichenbaum, AM Flood, KT Graham, M Hollar, JJ Johnson, JR Kutter, PE Li, H Liu, R Mihalyi, A Pan, Y Prepost, R Tan, P von Wimmersperg-Toeller, JH Wu, J Wu, SL Yu, Z Greene, MG Neal, H TI Branching fraction and CP asymmetries of B-0 ->(KSKSKS0)-K-0-K-0 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID B DECAYS; VIOLATION; PHYSICS AB We present measurements of the branching fraction and time-dependent CP-violating asymmetries in B-0-> (KSKSKS0)-K-0-K-0 decays based on 227x10(6) Upsilon(4S)-> B (B) over bar decays collected with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II asymmetric-energy B factory at SLAC. We obtain a branching fraction of (6.9(-0.8)(+0.9)+/- 0.6)x10(-6), and CP asymmetries C=-0.34(-0.25)(+0.28)+/- 0.05 and S=-0.71(-0.32)(+0.38)+/- 0.04, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second systematic. C1 Univ Autonoma Barcelona, IFAE, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. Univ Bari, Dipartimento Fis, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Univ Bari, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Univ Bergen, Inst Phys, N-5007 Bergen, Norway. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. Ruhr Univ Bochum, Inst Expt Phys 1, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. Univ Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. Brunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England. Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Univ Dortmund, Inst Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany. Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Kernund Teilchenphys, D-01062 Dresden, Germany. Ecole Polytech, LLR, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. Univ Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Midlothian, Scotland. Univ Ferrara, Dipartmento Fis, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Univ Ferrara, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Genoa, Dipartimento Fis, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Univ Genoa, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Heidelberg Univ, Inst Phys, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London SW7 2AZ, England. Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Lab Accelerateur Lineaire, F-91898 Orsay, France. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Liverpool, Liverpool L69 72E, Merseyside, England. Queen Mary Univ London, London E1 4NS, England. Univ London Royal Holloway & Bedford New Coll, Egham TW20 0EX, Surrey, England. Univ Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. Univ Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. MIT, Nucl Sci Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Univ Milan, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA. Univ Montreal, Lab Rene JA Levesque, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. Mt Holyoke Coll, S Hadley, MA 01075 USA. Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Sci Fis, I-80126 Naples, Italy. Univ Naples Federico II, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-80126 Naples, Italy. NIKHEF H, Natl Inst Nucl Phys & High Energy Phys, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Univ Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Univ Padua, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Univ Paris 06, Lab Phys Nucl & Hautes Energies, F-75252 Paris, France. Univ Paris 07, Lab Phys Nucl & Hautes Energies, F-75252 Paris, France. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. Univ Perugia, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. Scuola Normale Super Pisa, Dipartimento Fis, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. Univ Pisa, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. Prairie View A&M Univ, Prairie View, TX 77446 USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Univ Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. CEA Saclay, DSM Dapnia, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Univ S Carolina, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. SUNY Albany, Albany, NY 12222 USA. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Univ Texas, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Sperimentale, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Univ Turin, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Univ Trieste, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Univ Valencia, CSIC, IFIC, E-46071 Valencia, Spain. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Univ Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6, Canada. Univ Warwick, Dept Phys, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. Univ Basilicata, I-85100 Potenza, Italy. RP Phys Particules Lab, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. RI Forti, Francesco/H-3035-2011; Rotondo, Marcello/I-6043-2012; Patrignani, Claudia/C-5223-2009; de Sangro, Riccardo/J-2901-2012; Sarti, Alessio/I-2833-2012; Peters, Klaus/C-2728-2008; de Groot, Nicolo/A-2675-2009; Lista, Luca/C-5719-2008; Bellini, Fabio/D-1055-2009; crosetti, nanni/H-3040-2011; Roe, Natalie/A-8798-2012; Neri, Nicola/G-3991-2012; Cavallo, Nicola/F-8913-2012; Saeed, Mohammad Alam/J-7455-2012; Negrini, Matteo/C-8906-2014; Monge, Maria Roberta/G-9127-2012; Oyanguren, Arantza/K-6454-2014; Luppi, Eleonora/A-4902-2015; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Kravchenko, Evgeniy/F-5457-2015; Calabrese, Roberto/G-4405-2015; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/G-7212-2015; Martinez Vidal, F*/L-7563-2014; Kolomensky, Yury/I-3510-2015; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/J-5049-2012; Grancagnolo, Sergio/J-3957-2015; M, Saleem/B-9137-2013; Lusiani, Alberto/N-2976-2015; Morandin, Mauro/A-3308-2016; Lusiani, Alberto/A-3329-2016; Di Lodovico, Francesca/L-9109-2016; Pappagallo, Marco/R-3305-2016; Calcaterra, Alessandro/P-5260-2015; Frey, Raymond/E-2830-2016 OI Forti, Francesco/0000-0001-6535-7965; Rotondo, Marcello/0000-0001-5704-6163; Patrignani, Claudia/0000-0002-5882-1747; de Sangro, Riccardo/0000-0002-3808-5455; Sarti, Alessio/0000-0001-5419-7951; Peters, Klaus/0000-0001-7133-0662; Bellini, Fabio/0000-0002-2936-660X; Neri, Nicola/0000-0002-6106-3756; Saeed, Mohammad Alam/0000-0002-3529-9255; Negrini, Matteo/0000-0003-0101-6963; Monge, Maria Roberta/0000-0003-1633-3195; Oyanguren, Arantza/0000-0002-8240-7300; Luppi, Eleonora/0000-0002-1072-5633; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Calabrese, Roberto/0000-0002-1354-5400; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/0000-0002-4276-715X; Martinez Vidal, F*/0000-0001-6841-6035; Kolomensky, Yury/0000-0001-8496-9975; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/0000-0002-6520-4480; Grancagnolo, Sergio/0000-0001-8490-8304; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Morandin, Mauro/0000-0003-4708-4240; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Di Lodovico, Francesca/0000-0003-3952-2175; Pappagallo, Marco/0000-0001-7601-5602; Calcaterra, Alessandro/0000-0003-2670-4826; Frey, Raymond/0000-0003-0341-2636 NR 22 TC 72 Z9 73 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 1 PY 2005 VL 95 IS 1 AR 011801 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.011801 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 942IG UT WOS:000230275500019 PM 16383973 ER PT J AU Bastea, S AF Bastea, S TI Comment on "Model for heat conduction in nanofluids" SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Bastea, S (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM bastea2@llnl.gov NR 5 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 1 PY 2005 VL 95 IS 1 AR 019401 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.019401 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 942IG UT WOS:000230275500077 PM 16090663 ER PT J AU Daniel, M Bauer, ED Han, SW Booth, CH Cornelius, AL Pagliuso, PG Sarrao, JL AF Daniel, M Bauer, ED Han, SW Booth, CH Cornelius, AL Pagliuso, PG Sarrao, JL TI Perturbing the superconducting planes in CeCoIn5 by Sn substitution SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-FERMION MATERIALS; UNCONVENTIONAL SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; BEHAVIOR; CEIRIN5; ALLOYS AB In contrast to substitution on the Co or Ce site, Sn substitution has a remarkably strong effect on superconductivity in CeCoIn5-xSnx, with T-c -> 0 beyond only similar to 3.6% Sn. Instead of being randomly distributed on in-plane and out-of-plane In sites, extended x-ray absorption fine structure measurements show the Sn atoms preferentially substitute within the Ce-In plane. This result highlights the importance of the In(1) site to impurity scattering and clearly demonstrates the two-dimensional nature of superconductivity in CeCoIn5. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Santa Fe, NM 87501 USA. Chonbuk Natl Univ, Jeonju 561756, South Korea. Univ Estadual Campinas, IFGW, BR-13083970 Campinas, SP, Brazil. RP Daniel, M (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Booth, Corwin/A-7877-2008; Cornelius, Andrew/A-9837-2008; Bauer, Eric/D-7212-2011; Pagliuso, Pascoal/C-9169-2012; Inst. of Physics, Gleb Wataghin/A-9780-2017 NR 36 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 1 PY 2005 VL 95 IS 1 AR 016406 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.016406 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 942IG UT WOS:000230275500053 PM 16090639 ER PT J AU Kozma, B Hastings, MB Korniss, G AF Kozma, B Hastings, MB Korniss, G TI Diffusion processes on power-law small-world networks SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CHAINS; WALKS AB We consider diffusion processes on power-law small-world networks in different dimensions. In one dimension, we find a rich phase diagram, with different transient and recurrent phases, including a critical line with continuously varying exponents. The results were obtained using self-consistent perturbation theory and can also be understood in terms of a scaling theory, which provides a general framework for understanding processes on small-world networks with different distributions of long-range links. C1 Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Phys Appl Phys & Astron, Troy, NY 12180 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Kozma, B (reprint author), Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Phys Appl Phys & Astron, 110 8th St, Troy, NY 12180 USA. RI Korniss, Gyorgy/A-7360-2011 NR 17 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 1 PY 2005 VL 95 IS 1 AR 018701 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.018701 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 942IG UT WOS:000230275500076 PM 16090662 ER PT J AU Park, J Nebel, RA Stange, S Murali, SK AF Park, J Nebel, RA Stange, S Murali, SK TI Experimental observation of a periodically oscillating plasma sphere in a gridded inertial electrostatic confinement device SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID UNIFORM-DENSITY; FUSION SYSTEMS; PENNING TRAP; EQUILIBRIUM; STABILITY; FLUID; FOCUS AB The periodically oscillating plasma sphere (POPS) [D. C. Barnes and R. A. Nebel, Phys. Plasmas 5, 2498 (1998).] oscillation has been observed in a gridded inertial electrostatic confinement device. In these experiments, ions in the virtual cathode exhibit resonant behavior when driven at the POPS frequency. Excellent agreement between the observed POPS resonance frequency and theoretical predictions has been observed for a wide range of potential well depths and for three different ion species. The results provide the first experimental validation of the POPS concept proposed by Barnes and Nebel [R. A. Nebel and D. C. Barnes, Fusion Technol. 34, 28 (1998).]. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Park, J (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. NR 20 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 1 PY 2005 VL 95 IS 1 AR 015003 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.015003 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 942IG UT WOS:000230275500039 PM 16090625 ER PT J AU Wang, S Haiman, Z Hu, W Khoury, J May, M AF Wang, S Haiman, Z Hu, W Khoury, J May, M TI Weighing neutrinos with galaxy cluster surveys SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DARK ENERGY; COSMOLOGICAL PARAMETERS; REDSHIFT SURVEYS AB Large future galaxy cluster surveys, combined with cosmic microwave background observations, can achieve a high sensitivity to the masses of cosmologically important neutrinos. We show that a weak lensing selected sample of >= 100 000 clusters could tighten the current upper bound on the sum of masses of neutrino species by an order of magnitude, to a level of 0.03 eV. Since this statistical sensitivity is below the best existing lower limit on the mass of at least one neutrino species, a future detection is likely, provided that systematic errors can be controlled to a similar level. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA. Columbia Univ, Dept Astron, New York, NY 10027 USA. Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. MIT, Ctr Theoret Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Wang, S (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 37 TC 58 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 1 PY 2005 VL 95 IS 1 AR 011302 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.011302 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 942IG UT WOS:000230275500015 PM 16090601 ER PT J AU Borland, M AF Borland, M TI Simulation and analysis of using deflecting cavities to produce short x-ray pulses with the Advanced Photon Source SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article AB We present detailed simulations and analysis of Zholents's [ A. Zholents, P. Heimann, M. Zolotorev, and J. Byrd, Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., Sect. A 425, 385 ( 1999).] concept for using deflecting cavities in a synchrotron light source storage ring for the purpose of producing short x-ray pulses. In particular, we look at the optimization and performance of such a system for the Advanced Photon Source. We find the concept is practical and that x-ray pulse durations of about 1.5 ps FWHM should be achievable with more than 15% of the original intensity retained. Issues covered include lattice design, emittance degradation, lifetime, photon beam modeling, errors, and optimum choice of rf parameters. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Borland, M (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 24 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD JUL PY 2005 VL 8 IS 7 AR 074001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.8.074001 PG 18 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 951LN UT WOS:000230931900008 ER PT J AU Lim, JK Frigola, P Travish, G Rosenzweig, JB Anderson, SG Brown, WJ Jacob, JS Robbins, CL Tremaine, AM AF Lim, JK Frigola, P Travish, G Rosenzweig, JB Anderson, SG Brown, WJ Jacob, JS Robbins, CL Tremaine, AM TI Adjustable, short focal length permanent-magnet quadrupole based electron beam final focus system SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article ID THOMSON-SCATTERING; PLASMA; ACCELERATION; PLEIADES AB Advanced high-brightness beam applications such as inverse-Compton scattering (ICS) depend on achieving of ultrasmall spot sizes in high current beams. Modern injectors and compressors enable the production of high-brightness beams having needed short bunch lengths and small emittances. Along with these beam properties comes the need to produce tighter foci, using stronger, shorter focal length optics. An approach to creating such strong focusing systems using high-field, small-bore permanent-magnet quadrupoles (PMQs) is reported here. A final-focus system employing three PMQs, each composed of 16 neodymium iron boride sectors in a Halbach geometry has been installed in the PLEIADES ICS experiment. The field gradient in these PMQs is 560 T/m, the highest ever reported in a magnetic optics system. As the magnets are of a fixed field strength, the focusing system is tuned by adjusting the position of the three magnets along the beam line axis, in analogy to familiar camera optics. This paper discusses the details of the focusing system, simulation, design, fabrication, and experimental procedure in creating ultrasmall beams at PLEIADES. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM jlim@physics.ucla.edu RI Travish, Gil/H-4937-2011 OI Travish, Gil/0000-0002-4787-0949 NR 26 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD JUL PY 2005 VL 8 IS 7 AR 072401 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.8.072401 PG 17 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 951LN UT WOS:000230931900006 ER PT J AU Luo, Y Cameron, P Della Penna, A Laster, J Marusic, A Pilat, F Roser, T Trbojevic, D AF Luo, Y Cameron, P Della Penna, A Laster, J Marusic, A Pilat, F Roser, T Trbojevic, D TI Fast and robust global decoupling with coupling angle modulation SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article AB We describe a fast and robust global decoupling scheme, coupling angle modulation. This novel technique introduces an extra rotating coupling coefficient into the coupled optics to determine the global decoupling strengths. The eigentune split is used as the observable during the modulation. The two eigentunes are tracked with a high-resolution phase locked loop tune measurement system. In the article, the principle of coupling angle modulation is presented, followed by its application to the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). Coupling angle modulation coupling correction has been used for the global coupling correction on the nonstop RHIC ramp. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Luo, Y (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM yluo@bnl.gov RI Marusic, Ana/E-7683-2013 OI Marusic, Ana/0000-0001-6272-0917 NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD JUL PY 2005 VL 8 IS 7 AR 074002 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.8.074002 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 951LN UT WOS:000230931900009 ER PT J AU Moretti, A Qian, Z Norem, J Torun, Y Li, D Zisman, M AF Moretti, A Qian, Z Norem, J Torun, Y Li, D Zisman, M TI Effects of high solenoidal magnetic fields on rf accelerating cavities SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article AB We have measured the effects of high ( 0 - 4.5 T) magnetic fields on the operating conditions of 805 MHz accelerating cavities, and discovered that the maximum accelerating gradient drops as a function of the axial magnetic field. While the maximum gradient of any cavity is governed by a number of factors including conditioning, surface topology and materials, we argue that J x B forces within the emitters are the mechanism for enhanced breakdown in magnetic fields. The pattern of emitters changes over time and we show an example of a bright emitter which disappears during a breakdown event. We also present unique measurements of the distribution of enhancement factors, beta, of secondary emitters produced in breakdown events during conditioning. We believe these secondary emitters can also be breakdown triggers, and the secondary emitter spectrum helps to determine the maximum operating field. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. IIT, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Moretti, A (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM norem@anl.gov NR 10 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD JUL PY 2005 VL 8 IS 7 AR 072001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.8.072001 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 951LN UT WOS:000230931900004 ER PT J AU Tennant, CD Beard, KB Douglas, DR Jordan, KC Merminga, L Pozdeyev, EG Smith, TI AF Tennant, CD Beard, KB Douglas, DR Jordan, KC Merminga, L Pozdeyev, EG Smith, TI TI First observations and suppression of multipass, multibunch beam breakup in the Jefferson Laboratory free electron laser upgrade SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article AB The multipass, multibunch beam breakup (BBU) instability imposes a potentially severe limitation to the average current that can be accelerated in an energy-recovery linac. Simulation results for Jefferson Lab's free electron laser (FEL) upgrade driver are presented which predict the occurrence of BBU below the nominal operating current of the machine. In agreement with simulation, BBU was observed and preliminary measurements to identify the higher-order mode causing the instability are shown. In addition, measurements performed to experimentally determine the threshold current are described. Using a newly developed two-dimensional BBU simulation code, we study the effect of optical suppression techniques, first proposed in 1980 [ R. E. Rand and T. I. Smith, Part. Accel. 11, 1 ( 1980)], on the threshold current of the FEL. Specifically we consider the effect of ( 1) reflecting the betatron planes about an axis that is at 45 degrees between the vertical and horizontal axes and ( 2) rotating the betatron planes by 90 degrees. In two-pass recirculators, a 90 degrees rotation can be effective at increasing the threshold current for BBU. The successful installation of a five skew-quadrupole reflector in the backleg of the FEL has been shown to be effective at suppressing the instability and comments on preliminary operational experience will be given. C1 Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Tennant, CD (reprint author), Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD JUL PY 2005 VL 8 IS 7 AR 074403 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.8.074403 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 951LN UT WOS:000230931900012 ER PT J AU Zhang, ZY Tantawi, SG Ruth, RD AF Zhang, ZY Tantawi, SG Ruth, RD TI Distributed grating-assisted coupler for optical all-dielectric electron accelerator SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article ID WAVE-GUIDES; FIBER; LASER; BEAMS; FABRICATION; PROFILE; LIGHT AB A Bragg waveguide consisting of multiple dielectric layers with alternating index of refraction becomes an excellent option to form electron accelerating structure powered by high power laser sources. It provides confinement of a synchronous speed-of-light mode with extremely low loss. However, laser field cannot be coupled into the structure collinearly with the electron beam. There are three requirements in designing input coupler for a Bragg electron accelerator: side coupling, selective mode excitation, and high coupling efficiency. We present a side-coupling scheme using a distributed grating-assisted coupler to inject the laser power into the waveguide. Side coupling is achieved by a grating with a period on the order of an optical wavelength. The phase matching condition results in resonance coupling thus providing selective mode excitation capability. The coupling efficiency is limited by profile matching between the outgoing beam and the incoming beam, which has normally a Gaussian profile. We demonstrate a nonuniform distributed grating structure generating an outgoing beam with a Gaussian profile, therefore, increasing the coupling efficiency. C1 Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Zhang, ZY (reprint author), Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM zhiyuz@SLAC.Stanford.EDU NR 25 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD JUL PY 2005 VL 8 IS 7 AR 071302 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.8.071302 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 951LN UT WOS:000230931900003 ER PT J AU Zhang, JZ Zhao, YS AF Zhang, JZ Zhao, YS TI Effects of defect and pressure on the thermal expansivity of Fe(x)O SO PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF MINERALS LA English DT Article DE synchrotron X-ray diffraction; high pressure; wustite; thermoelastic properties ID TRANSITION-METAL OXIDES; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; WUSTITE FE1-XO; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; PHASE-BOUNDARY; FERROUS OXIDE; TEMPERATURE; DECOMPOSITION; STOICHIOMETRY; EQUILIBRIA AB Pressure - volume - temperature measurements have been carried out using synchrotron X-ray diffraction for wustite at static pressures of 1.9, 2.6, and 5.4 GPa. Our results revealed that the composition change of wustite and, hence, rearrangements of defect structures are primarily caused by the magnetite ( Fe(3)O(4)) exsolution at temperatures of 523 - 723 K. Based on the isobaric volume - temperature data collected during cooling, the contribution of compositional variations to the unit-cell volumes of wustite in the ranges of 300 - 673 K and 723 1073 K is negligibly small, within the experimental uncertainties. These observations suggest that the measured volume changes in the range of 300 - 673 K and 723 1,073 K can be attributed to the metal - oxygen bond expansion. Owing to the magnetite exsolution, thermal expansion data are obtained in each experiment at 1.9, 2.6, and 5.4 GPa for wustite of two different compositions, Fe(0.987)O and Fe(0.942)O. At all three pressures, Fe(0.942)O shows a thermal expansion that is about 30% larger than Fe(0.987)O. Such findings represent the first experimental evidence of a substantial effect of nonstoichiometry on thermal expansivity, and based on previous thermodynamic calculations of the defect formation and interaction, this effect is likely associated with the distinct defects arrangements in iron-rich and more iron-deficient wustite. This study also presents thermal equations of state for wustite of two different compositions. Such volume-related properties at high temperatures are experimentally difficult to obtain in wustite but important for thermodynamic studies in the binary Fe - O system. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, LANSCE Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Zhang, JZ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, LANSCE Div, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM jzhang@lanl.gov RI Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012 NR 36 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0342-1791 J9 PHYS CHEM MINER JI Phys. Chem. Miner. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 32 IS 4 BP 241 EP 247 DI 10.1007/s00269-005-0447-x PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mineralogy SC Materials Science; Mineralogy GA 948NT UT WOS:000230723500002 ER PT J AU Kirfel, A Lippmann, T Blaha, P Schwarz, K Cox, DF Rosso, KM Gibbs, GV AF Kirfel, A Lippmann, T Blaha, P Schwarz, K Cox, DF Rosso, KM Gibbs, GV TI Electron density distribution and bond critical point properties for forsterite, Mg(2)SiO(4), determined with synchrotron single crystal X-ray diffraction data SO PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF MINERALS LA English DT Article DE deformation and ELF maps; net atomic charges; basins; SiO and MgO bonded interactions ID DARWIN TRANSFER EQUATIONS; TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; WAVE BASIS-SET; CHARGE-DENSITY; SIO BOND; LOCALIZATION FUNCTION; SPHERICAL CRYSTALS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; SILICA POLYMORPHS; DOCKING SITES AB A generalized X-ray scattering factor model experimental electron density distribution has been generated for the orthosilicate forsterite, using an essentially extinction and absorption free set of single crystal diffraction data recorded with intense, high energy synchrotron X-ray radiation (E = 100.6 keV). A refinement of the model converged with an R( F)= 0.0061. An evaluation of the bond critical point, bcp, properties of the distribution at the ( 3, - 1) stationary points for the SiO and MgO bonded interactions, yielded values that agree typically within similar to 5%, on average, with theoretical values generated with quantum chemical computational strategies, using relatively robust basis sets. On the basis of this result, the modeling of the experimental distribution is considered to be adequate. As the bcp properties increase in magnitude, the MgO and SiO bonds decrease in length as calculated for a number of rock forming silicates. As asserted by Coppens (X-ray charge densities and chemical bonding. Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1997), large negative del(2)rho(r(c)) values, characteristic of shared interactions involving first row atoms, may not be characteristic of closed shell covalent bonded interactions involving second row Si, P and S atoms bonded to O. This study adds new evidence to the overall relatively good agreement between theoretical bcp properties generated with computational quantum strategies, on the one hand, and experimental properties generated with single crystal high energy synchrotron diffraction data on the other. The similarity of results not only provides a basis for using computational strategies for studying and modeling structures, defects and the reactivity of representative structures, but it also provides a basis for improving our understanding of the crystal chemistry of earth materials and the character of the SiO bonded interaction. C1 Virginia Tech, Dept Geosci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. Univ Bonn, Mineral Petrol Inst, D-53115 Bonn, Germany. GKSS Forschungszentrum Geesthacht GmbH, D-21502 Geesthacht, Germany. Vienna Univ Technol, Inst Mat Chem, A-1060 Vienna, Austria. Virginia Tech, Dept Chem Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, WR Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Virginia Tech, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. Virginia Tech, Dept Math, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Gibbs, GV (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Geosci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM gvgibbs@vt.edu RI Blaha, Peter/F-2847-2010 NR 74 TC 44 Z9 45 U1 5 U2 17 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0342-1791 J9 PHYS CHEM MINER JI Phys. Chem. Miner. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 32 IS 4 BP 301 EP 313 DI 10.1007/s00269-005-0468-5 PG 13 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mineralogy SC Materials Science; Mineralogy GA 948NT UT WOS:000230723500009 ER PT J AU Mellado, JP Sarkar, S Zhou, Y AF Mellado, JP Sarkar, S Zhou, Y TI Large-eddy simulation of Rayleigh-Taylor turbulence with compressible miscible fluids SO PHYSICS OF FLUIDS LA English DT Article ID FINITE-DIFFERENCE SCHEMES; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; MIXING LAYER; SCALING ANALYSIS; GROWTH-RATE; INSTABILITY; FLOWS; TRANSITION; RESOLUTION; SCALAR AB Turbulence developed from Rayleigh-Taylor instability between two compressible miscible fluids in an unbounded domain is addressed in this paper. It is demonstrated that the turbulent Mach number in the turbulent core has an upper bound, independent of the density ratio under a broad range of initial mean configurations. The initial thermodynamic state of the system determines the amount of potential energy per unit mass involved in the turbulent mixing stage, and thus the characteristic level of turbulent fluctuations that is achievable is linked to the characteristic speed of sound such that the turbulent Mach number is limited. For the particular case of an ideal gas, this bound on the turbulent Mach number is found to be between 0.25 and 0.6, depending on the particular initial thermodynamic state. Hence, intrinsic compressibility effects (those owing to large Mach number) are likely to be limited in the turbulent stage of a pure Rayleigh-Taylor problem. This result is confirmed by large-eddy simulations (LES) of systems with density jumps at the interface of 3: 1, a density ratio for which there is extensive data available in the literature. The LES predictions of the mixing depth growth and overall mixing agree with results previously obtained in incompressible configurations with a negligibly small Mach number, and the data fully describing the Reynolds stresses and the budget of the (resolved) turbulent kinetic energy equation are provided. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Sarkar, S (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM ssarkar@mae.ucsd.edu RI Mellado, Juan Pedro/B-2000-2014 OI Mellado, Juan Pedro/0000-0001-7506-6539 NR 50 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-6631 J9 PHYS FLUIDS JI Phys. Fluids PD JUL PY 2005 VL 17 IS 7 AR 076101 DI 10.1063/1.1965130 PG 20 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA 947HJ UT WOS:000230633700041 ER PT J AU Boedo, JA Rudakov, DL Hollmann, E Gray, DS Burrell, KH Moyer, RA McKee, GR Fonck, R Stangeby, PC Evans, TE Snyder, PB Leonard, AW Mahdavi, MA Schaffer, MJ West, WP Fenstermacher, ME Groth, M Allen, SL Lasnier, C Porter, GD Wolf, NS Colchin, RJ Zeng, L Wang, G Watkins, JG Takahashi, T AF Boedo, JA Rudakov, DL Hollmann, E Gray, DS Burrell, KH Moyer, RA McKee, GR Fonck, R Stangeby, PC Evans, TE Snyder, PB Leonard, AW Mahdavi, MA Schaffer, MJ West, WP Fenstermacher, ME Groth, M Allen, SL Lasnier, C Porter, GD Wolf, NS Colchin, RJ Zeng, L Wang, G Watkins, JG Takahashi, T CA DII-D Team TI Edge-localized mode dynamics and transport in the scrape-off layer of the DIII-D tokamak SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID PARTICLE LOSSES; ELM ENERGY; D DIVERTOR; DENSITY; EXTRAPOLATION; ITER; SOL; INSTABILITIES; PLASMAS; PROBE AB High temporal and spatial resolution measurements in the boundary of the DIII-D tokamak show that edge-localized modes (ELMs) are produced in the low field side, are poloidally localized and are composed of fast bursts (similar to 20 to 40 mu s long) of hot, dense plasma on a background of less dense, colder plasma (similar to 5x10(18) m(-3), 50 eV) possibly created by the bursts themselves. The ELMs travel radially in the scrape-off layer (SOL), starting at the separatrix at similar to 450 m/s, and slow down to similar to 150 m/s near the wall, convecting particles and energy to the SOL and walls. The temperature and density in the ELM plasma initially correspond to those at the top of the density pedestal but quickly decay with radius in the SOL. The temperature decay length (similar to 1.2 to 1.5 cm) is much shorter than the density decay length (similar to 3 to 8 cm), and the latter decreases with increasing pedestal (and SOL) density. The local particle and energy flux (assuming T-i=T-e) at the midplane wall during the bursts are 10% to 50% (similar to 1 to 2x10(21) m(-2) s(-1)) and 1% to 2% (similar to 20 to 30 kW/m(2)), respectively, of the LCFS fluxes, indicating that particles are transported radially much more efficiently than heat. Evidence is presented suggesting toroidal rotation of the ELM plasma in the SOL. The ELM plasma density and temperature increase linearly with discharge/pedestal density up to a Greenwald fraction of similar to 0.6, and then decrease resulting in more benign (grassier) ELMs. (C) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Boedo, JA (reprint author), Gen Atom Co, POB 85608, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. RI Groth, Mathias/G-2227-2013 NR 32 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD JUL PY 2005 VL 12 IS 7 AR 072516 DI 10.1063/1.1949224 PG 11 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 946TR UT WOS:000230596200047 ER PT J AU Morrison, KA Paul, SF Davidson, RC AF Morrison, KA Paul, SF Davidson, RC TI Electron plasma expansion rate studies on the Electron Diffusion Gauge experimental device SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID ASYMMETRY-INDUCED TRANSPORT; BACKGROUND GAS-PRESSURE; MALMBERG-PENNING TRAP; NONNEUTRAL PLASMAS; COLLISIONAL TRANSPORT; DYNAMICS; PARTICLES; MODES AB The expansion of pure electron plasmas due to collisions with background neutral gas atoms in the Electron Diffusion Gauge experimental device is observed to be in good agreement with the predictions of a macroscopic fluid model with uniform electron temperature. Measurements of the expansion with a two-dimensional (2-D), phosphor-screen density diagnostic suggest that expansion rates measured with the 1-D diagnostic were observed concurrently with substantial changes in the plasma that are not due to electron-neutral collisions. Measurements of the on-axis, parallel plasma temperature evolution support this conclusion and further indicate that the plasmas are continuously losing energy during the expansion, presumably through inelastic collisions with trace background gases. (C) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Morrison, KA (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD JUL PY 2005 VL 12 IS 7 AR 072310 DI 10.1063/1.1952828 PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 946TR UT WOS:000230596200029 ER PT J AU Mueller, D Nelson, BA Hamp, WT Redd, AJ Jarboe, TR O'Neill, RG Smith, RJ AF Mueller, D Nelson, BA Hamp, WT Redd, AJ Jarboe, TR O'Neill, RG Smith, RJ TI Observation of persistent edge current driven by coaxial helicity Injection SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID PLASMA; SUSTAINMENT; TOKAMAK; TORUS AB Coaxial Helicity Injection (CHI) has been used on the National Spherical Torus Experiment [Ono , Nucl. Fusion 40, 557 (2000)], the Helicity Injected Torus (HIT) [Nelson , Phys. Rev. Lett. 72, 3666 (1994)] and HIT-II [Jarboe , Phys. Plasmas 5, 1807 (1998)] to initiate plasma and to drive up to 400 kA of toroidal current. On HIT-II, CHI initiated discharges have been successfully coupled to Ohmic sustainment [Raman , Phys. Plasmas 11, 2565 (2004)]. This paper presents the first results on the use of CHI to demonstrate the persistence of edge current drive in a pre-established single null diverted inductive discharge. Edge current drive has the potential to improve plasma stability limits [Menard , Nucl. Fusion 37, 595 (1997)]. While most current drive methods drive current in the interior of the plasma, CHI is well suited for driving current in the edge plasma. (C) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Mueller, D (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 453, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 8 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD JUL PY 2005 VL 12 IS 7 AR 070702 DI 10.1063/1.1941254 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 946TR UT WOS:000230596200002 ER PT J AU Raitses, Y Staack, D Smirnov, A Fisch, NJ AF Raitses, Y Staack, D Smirnov, A Fisch, NJ TI Space charge saturated sheath regime and electron temperature saturation in Hall thrusters SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID STATIONARY PLASMA THRUSTERS; SEGMENTED ELECTRODE; SECONDARY; EMISSION; PROBE; FLOW; WALL; OPERATION; DIVERTOR; PLUME AB Existing electron-wall interaction models predict that secondary electron emission in Hall thrusters is significant and that the near-wall sheaths are space charge saturated. The experimental electron-wall collision frequency is computed using plasma parameters measured in a laboratory Hall thruster. In spite of qualitative similarities between the measured and predicted dependencies of the maximum electron temperature on the discharge voltage, the deduced electron-wall collision frequency for high discharge voltages is much lower than the theoretical value obtained for space charge saturated sheath regime, but larger than the wall recombination frequency. The observed electron temperature saturation appears to be directly associated with a decrease of the Joule heating rather than with the enhancement of the electron energy loss at the walls due to a strong secondary electron emission. Another interesting experimental result is related to the near-field plasma plume, where electron energy balance appears to be independent on the magnetic field. (C) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Raitses, Y (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM yraitses@pppl.gov RI Staack, David/A-5430-2010 NR 57 TC 57 Z9 58 U1 4 U2 10 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD JUL PY 2005 VL 12 IS 7 AR 073507 DI 10.1063/1.1944328 PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 946TR UT WOS:000230596200076 ER PT J AU Redi, MH Dorland, W Fiore, CL Baumgaertel, JA Belli, EM Hahm, TS Hammett, GW Rewoldt, G AF Redi, MH Dorland, W Fiore, CL Baumgaertel, JA Belli, EM Hahm, TS Hammett, GW Rewoldt, G TI Microturbulent drift mode stability before internal transport barrier formation in the Alcator C-Mod radio frequency heated H-mode SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID TOKAMAK PLASMAS; ION-TRANSPORT; TURBULENCE; ELECTRON; INSTABILITIES; STABILIZATION; SIMULATIONS AB H-mode experiments on Alcator C-Mod [I. H. Hutchinson, R. L. Boivin, F. Bombarda , Phys. Plasmas 1, 1511 (1994)], which exhibit an internal transport barrier (ITB), have been examined with gyrokinetic calculations, before barrier formation. Ion temperature gradient (ITG) and electron temperature gradient (ETG) modes are unstable outside the barrier region and not strongly growing in the core; in the barrier region ITG is only weakly unstable. Linear calculations support the picture that ITG and ETG modes drive high transport outside the ITB, and that weakly unstable ITG modes in the barrier region correlate with reduced particle transport and improved thermal confinement even before the ITB is established, without the need for ExB shear stabilization. Long-wavelength mode stability in the barrier region is analyzed in the context of a phase diagram for ion and electron drift waves by varying the temperature and density scale lengths. Results from the gyrokinetic code GS2 [M. Kotschenreuther, G. Rewoldt, W. M. Tang , Comput. Phys. Commun. 88, 128 (1995)] are compared to standard threshold models and benchmark successfully against the experiment in the plasma core. (C) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Univ Maryland, Inst Plasma Res, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Redi, MH (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RI Hammett, Gregory/D-1365-2011; Dorland, William/B-4403-2009 OI Hammett, Gregory/0000-0003-1495-6647; Dorland, William/0000-0003-2915-724X NR 39 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD JUL PY 2005 VL 12 IS 7 AR 072519 DI 10.1063/1.1947795 PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 946TR UT WOS:000230596200050 ER PT J AU Ritchie, B AF Ritchie, B TI Spectral equation-of-state theory for dense, partially ionized matter SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID TRANSFORM COMPUTATIONAL METHODS; HOT; TEMPERATURES; MODEL AB The Schrodinger equation is solved in time and space to implement a finite-temperature equation-of-state theory for dense, partially ionized matter. The time-dependent calculation generates a spectrum of quantum states. Eigenfunctions are calculated from a knowledge of the spectrum and used to calculate the electronic pressure and energy. Results are given for Be and LiD and compared with results from the INFERNO model [D. A. Liberman, Phys. Rev. B 20, 4981 (1979)]. (C) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Ritchie, B (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD JUL PY 2005 VL 12 IS 7 AR 072704 DI 10.1063/1.1946730 PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 946TR UT WOS:000230596200059 ER PT J AU Robey, HF Perry, TS Park, HS Amendt, P Sorce, CM Compton, SM Campbell, KM Knauer, JP AF Robey, HF Perry, TS Park, HS Amendt, P Sorce, CM Compton, SM Campbell, KM Knauer, JP TI Experimental measurement of Au M-band flux in indirectly driven double-shell implosions SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID NATIONAL-IGNITION-FACILITY; TARGETS; DESIGN; OMEGA AB Indirectly driven double-shell implosions are being investigated as a possible noncryogenic path to ignition on the National Ignition Facility [J. A. Paisner, J. D. Boyes, S. A. Kumpan, W. H. Lowdermilk, and M. S. Sorem, Laser Focus World 30, 75 (1994)]. In recent double-shell experiments, the inner shell trajectory was shown to exhibit a strong sensitivity to the temporal history of the M-band (2-5 keV) radiation emitted from the Au hohlraum wall. A large time-dependent discrepancy was observed between measurement and simulation of the x-ray flux in this range. In order to better characterize the radiation environment seen in these implosions, an experimental campaign was conducted on the Omega laser. A number of diagnostics were used to measure both the temporal and spectral nature of the M-band flux. Results were obtained from an absolutely calibrated 12-channel filtered x-ray diode array (Dante) as well as two streaked crystal spectrometers and an absolutely calibrated time-integrated spectrometer (Henway). X-ray backlighting was also used to directly measure the effect of M-band radiation on the trajectory of the inner shell. The data from all diagnostics are shown to be in excellent agreement and provide a consistent picture of the M-band flux. These results are being used to constrain and improve the simulation of hohlraum-generated M-band radiation that will be necessary for the design of future double-shell implosions employing higher-Z inner shells. (C) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. RP Robey, HF (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Perry, Theodore/K-3333-2014 OI Perry, Theodore/0000-0002-8832-2033 NR 18 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD JUL PY 2005 VL 12 IS 7 AR 072701 DI 10.1063/1.1927543 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 946TR UT WOS:000230596200056 ER PT J AU Winske, D Omidi, N AF Winske, D Omidi, N TI Plasma expansion in the presence of a dipole magnetic field SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID BARIUM RELEASES; SOLAR-WIND; STABILITY; SIMULATIONS; PROPULSION; MODES; EQUILIBRIUM; CLOUDS; SHOCK AB Simulations of the initial expansion of a plasma injected into a stationary magnetized background plasma in the presence of a dipole magnetic field are carried out in two dimensions with a kinetic ion, massless fluid electron (hybrid) electromagnetic code. For small values of the magnetic dipole, the injected ions have large gyroradii compared to the scale length of the dipole field and are essentially unmagnetized. As a result, these ions expand, excluding the ambient magnetic field and plasma to form a diamagnetic cavity. However, for stronger magnetic dipoles, the ratio of the gyroradii of the injected ions to the dipole field scale length is small so that they remain magnetized, and hence trapped in the dipole field, as they expand. The trapping and expansion then lead to additional plasma currents and resulting magnetic fields that not only exclude the background field but also interact with the dipole field in a more complex manner that stretches the closed dipole field lines. A criterion to distinguish between the two regimes is derived and is then briefly discussed in the context of applying the results to the plasma sail scheme for the propulsion of small spacecraft in the solar wind. (C) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Appl Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. SciberNet Inc, Solana Beach, CA 92075 USA. RP Winske, D (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Appl Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 35 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD JUL PY 2005 VL 12 IS 7 AR 072514 DI 10.1063/1.1947487 PG 12 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 946TR UT WOS:000230596200045 ER PT J AU Lebowitz, J Panofsky, W Rice, S AF Lebowitz, J Panofsky, W Rice, S TI Melba Newell Phillips - Obituary SO PHYSICS TODAY LA English DT Biographical-Item C1 Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. SLAC, Stanford, CA USA. Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Lebowitz, J (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0031-9228 J9 PHYS TODAY JI Phys. Today PD JUL PY 2005 VL 58 IS 7 BP 80 EP 81 DI 10.1063/1.2012480 PG 2 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 942AC UT WOS:000230254300036 ER PT J AU Crease, RP AF Crease, RP TI Lessons from graduate school SO PHYSICS WORLD LA English DT Editorial Material C1 SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Philosophy, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Crease, RP (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Philosophy, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. EM rcrease@notes.cc.sunysb.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8585 J9 PHYS WORLD JI Phys. World PD JUL PY 2005 VL 18 IS 7 BP 15 EP 15 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 952KX UT WOS:000231003500019 ER PT J AU Graham, JH Miller, RM AF Graham, JH Miller, RM TI Mycorrhizas: Gene to function SO PLANT AND SOIL LA English DT Review DE AM; arbuscular mycorrhizas; CHO; carbohydrate; ECM; ectomycorrhizas; ERH; extraradical hyphae; IRH; intraradical hyphae ID FUNGUS GLOMUS-INTRARADICES; PLANT COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; VESICULAR-ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAE; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION PATHWAYS; MEDICAGO-TRUNCATULA ROOTS; SYMBIOSIS-REGULATED GENES; FIR PSEUDOTSUGA-MENZIESII; HYACINTHOIDES-NON-SCRIPTA; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; TRIFOLIUM-SUBTERRANEUM L AB Substantial progress has been made toward development of molecular tools for identification and quantification of mycorrhizal fungi in roots and evaluation of the diversity of ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi and the phylogeny and genetic structure of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. rDNA analysis confirms high diversity of ECM fungi on their hosts, and for AM fungi has revealed considerable genetic variation within and among morphologically similar AM fungal species. The fungal and plant genes, regulation of their expression, and biochemical pathways for nutrient exchange between symbiotic partners are now coming under intense study and will eventually be used to define the ecological nutritional role of the fungi. While molecular biological approaches have increased understanding of the mycorrhizal symbiosis, such knowledge about these lower-scale processes has yet to influence our understanding of larger-scale responses to any great extent. C1 Univ Florida, Ctr Agr Res & Educ, IFAS, Lake Alfred, FL 33850 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Dept Soil & Water Sci, Div Environm Res, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Graham, JH (reprint author), Univ Florida, Ctr Agr Res & Educ, IFAS, Lake Alfred, FL 33850 USA. EM jhg@crec.ifas.ufl.edu NR 218 TC 21 Z9 25 U1 4 U2 32 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0032-079X J9 PLANT SOIL JI Plant Soil PD JUL PY 2005 VL 274 IS 1-2 BP 79 EP 100 DI 10.1007/s11104-004-1419-5 PG 22 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 992HW UT WOS:000233876000005 ER PT J AU Hidema, J Teranishi, M Iwamatsu, Y Hirouchi, T Ueda, T Sato, T Burr, B Sutherland, BM Yamamoto, K Kumagai, T AF Hidema, J Teranishi, M Iwamatsu, Y Hirouchi, T Ueda, T Sato, T Burr, B Sutherland, BM Yamamoto, K Kumagai, T TI Spontaneously occurring mutations in the cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer photolyase gene cause different sensitivities to ultraviolet-B in rice SO PLANT JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE ultraviolet-B; cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer; photolyase; photorepair; Oryza sativa; gene mutation; UVB sensitivity ID ORYZA-SATIVA L.; NUCLEOTIDE EXCISION-REPAIR; NEAR-UV RADIATION; WEIGHT PLANT DNA; JAPANESE LOWLAND; QUANTITATIVE TRAITS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; RESISTANT MUTANT; 2 CULTIVARS; ARABIDOPSIS AB Sensitivity to ultraviolet-B (UVB) radiation (280-320 nm) varies widely among rice cultivars. We previously indicated that UV-resistant rice cultivars are better able to repair cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) through photorepair than are UV-sensitive cultivars. In this paper, we report that UVB sensitivity in rice, in part, is the result of defective CPD photolyase alleles. Surjamkhi (indica) exhibited greater sensitivity to UVB radiation and was more deficient in CPD photorepair ability compared with UV-resistant Sasanishiki (japonica). The deficiency in CPD photorepair in Surjamkhi resulted from changes in two nucleotides at positions 377 and 888 in the photolyase gene, causing alterations of two deduced amino acids at positions 126 and 296 in the photolyase enzyme. A linkage analysis in populations derived from Surjamkhi and Sasanishiki showed that UVB sensitivity is a quantitative inherited trait and that the CPD photolyase locus is tightly linked with a quantitative trait locus that explains a major portion of the genetic variation for this trait. These results suggest that spontaneously occurring mutations in the CPD photolyase gene cause different degrees of sensitivity to UVB in rice, and that the resistance of rice to UVB radiation could be increased by increasing the photolyase function through conventional breeding or bioengineering. C1 Tohoku Univ, Grad Sch Life Sci, Dept Environm Life Sci, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan. Tohoku Univ, Grad Sch Life Sci, Dept Biomol Sci, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan. Natl Inst Agrobiol Sci, Dept Mol Genet, Appl Genom Lab, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058602, Japan. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Hidema, J (reprint author), Tohoku Univ, Grad Sch Life Sci, Dept Environm Life Sci, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan. EM j-hidema@ige.tohoku.ac.jp NR 49 TC 27 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0960-7412 J9 PLANT J JI Plant J. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 43 IS 1 BP 57 EP 67 DI 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2005.02428.x PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 935SM UT WOS:000229803700005 PM 15960616 ER PT J AU Marois, C Doyon, R Nadeau, D Racine, R Riopel, M Vallee, P Lafreniere, D AF Marois, C Doyon, R Nadeau, D Racine, R Riopel, M Vallee, P Lafreniere, D TI TRIDENT: An infrared differential imaging camera optimized for the detection of methanated substellar companions SO PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC LA English DT Article ID ADAPTIVE OPTICS SEARCH; SPECKLE NOISE; BROWN DWARF; EXTRASOLAR PLANETS; FAINT COMPANIONS; SYSTEM; STARS; DISCOVERY; HAWAII AB We describe a near- infrared camera in use at the Canada- France- Hawaii Telescope ( CFHT) and at the 1.6 m telescope of the Observatoire du mont Megantic ( OMM). The camera is based on a Hawaii- 1 1024 x 1024 HgCdTe array detector. Its main feature is the acquisition of three simultaneous images at three wavelengths across the methane absorption bandhead at 1.6 mu m, enabling, in theory, an accurate subtraction of the stellar point- spread function ( PSF) and the detection of faint close, methanated companions. The instrument has no coronagraph and features fast data acquisition, yielding high observing efficiency on bright stars. The performance of the instrument is described, and it is illustrated by laboratory tests and CFHT observations of the nearby stars GL 526, upsilon And, and chi And. TRIDENT can detect ( 6 delta ) a methanated companion with Delta H = 9.5 at 0."5 separation from the star in 1 hr of observing time. Non - common- path aberrations and amplitude modulation differences between the three optical paths are likely to be the limiting factors preventing further PSF attenuation. Instrument rotation and reference- star subtraction improve the detection limit by a factor of 2 and 4, respectively. A PSF noise attenuation model is presented to estimate the non - common- path wave- front difference effect on PSF subtraction performance. C1 Univ Montreal, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Univ Montreal, Dept Phys, CP 6128,Succursale A, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. EM cmarois@igpp.ucllnl.org; doyon@astro.umontreal.ca; nadeau@astro.umontreal.ca; racine@astro.umontreal.ca; riopel@astro.umontreal.ca; vallee@astro.umontreal.ca; david@astro.umontreal.ca OI Riopel, Martin/0000-0003-0187-6218; Lafreniere, David/0000-0002-6780-4252 NR 40 TC 68 Z9 68 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-6280 EI 1538-3873 J9 PUBL ASTRON SOC PAC JI Publ. Astron. Soc. Pac. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 117 IS 833 BP 745 EP 756 DI 10.1086/431347 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 939PG UT WOS:000230084300011 ER PT J AU Owen, LA Finkel, RC Barnard, PL Ma, HZ Asahi, K Caffee, MW Derbyshire, E AF Owen, LA Finkel, RC Barnard, PL Ma, HZ Asahi, K Caffee, MW Derbyshire, E TI Climatic and topographic controls on the style and timing of Late Quaternary glaciation throughout Tibet and the Himalaya defined by Be-10 cosmogenic radionuclide surface exposure dating SO QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS LA English DT Article ID INDIAN-SUMMER MONSOON; EURASIAN SNOW COVER; NORTHERN PAKISTAN; LATE PLEISTOCENE; MOUNT EVEREST; ICE CORE; PLATEAU; GLACIERS; HOLOCENE; VALLEY AB Temporal and spatial changes in glacier cover throughout the Late Quaternary in Tibet and the bordering mountains are poorly defined because of the inaccessibility and vastness of the region, and the lack of numerical dating. To help reconstruct the timing and extent of glaciation throughout Tibet and the bordering mountains, we use geomorphic mapping and Be-10 cosmogenic radionuclide (CRN) surface dating in study areas in southeastern (Gonga Shan), southern (Karola Pass) and central (Western Nyainqentanggulha Shan and Tanggula Shan) Tibet, and we compare these with recently determined numerical chronologies in other parts of the plateau and its borderlands. Each of the study regions receives its precipitation mainly during the south Asian summer monsoon when it falls as snow at high altitudes. Gonga Shan receives the most precipitation (> 2000 mm a(-1)) while, near the margins of monsoon influence, the Karola Pass receives moderate amounts of precipitation (500-600 mm a(-1)) and, in the interior of the plateau, little precipitation falls on the western Nyainqentanggulha Shan (similar to 300 mm a(-1)) and the Tanggula Shan (400-700 mm a(-1)). The higher precipitation values for the Tanggula Shan are due to strong orographic effects. In each region, at least three sets of moraines and associated landforms are preserved, providing evidence for multiple glaciations. The Be-10 CRN surface exposure dating shows that the formation of moraines in Gonga. Shan occurred during the early-mid Holocene, Neoglacial and Little Ice Age, on the Karola Pass during the Lateglacial, Early Holocene and Neoglacial, in the Nyainqentanggulha Shan date during the early part of the last glacial cycle, global Last Glacial Maximum and Lateglacial, and on the Tanggula Shan during the penultimate glacial cycle and the early part of the last glacial cycle. The oldest moraine succession in each of these regions varies from the early Holocene (Gonga Shan), Lateglacial (Karola Pass), early Last Glacial (western Nyainqentanggulha Shan), and penultimate glacial cycle (Tanggula Shan). We believe that the regional patterns and timing of glaciation reflect temporal and spatial variability in the south Asian monsoon and, in particular, in regional precipitation gradients. In zones of greater aridity, the extent of glaciation has become increasingly restricted throughout the Late Quaternary leading to the preservation of old (> 100 ka) glacial landforms. In contrast, in regions that are very strongly influenced by the monsoon (> 1600 mm a(-1)), the preservation potential of pre-Lateglacial moraine successions is generally extremely poor. This is possibly because Lateglacial and Holocene glacial advances may have been more extensive than early glaciations and hence may have destroyed any landform or sedimentary evidence of earlier glaciations. Furthermore, the intense denudation, mainly by fluvial and mass movement processes, which characterize these wetter environments, results in rapid erosion and re-sedimentation of glacial and associated landforms, which also contributes to their poor preservation potential. (c) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Cincinnati, Dept Geol, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. US Geol Survey, Pacific Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA. Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Saline Lakes, Xining, Qinghai, Peoples R China. Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Dept Geog, Tokyo 1920397, Japan. Purdue Univ, Dept Phys, PRIME Lab, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Univ London, Royal Holloway & Bedford New Coll, Dept Geog, Quaternary Res Ctr, Egham TW20 0EX, Surrey, England. RP Owen, LA (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Dept Geol, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. EM lewis.owen@uc.edu RI Caffee, Marc/K-7025-2015 OI Caffee, Marc/0000-0002-6846-8967 NR 75 TC 163 Z9 191 U1 6 U2 36 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0277-3791 J9 QUATERNARY SCI REV JI Quat. Sci. Rev. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 24 IS 12-13 BP 1391 EP 1411 DI 10.1016/j.quascirev.2004.10.014 PG 21 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA 933PZ UT WOS:000229646700006 ER PT J AU Ding, LH Shingyoji, M Chen, FQ Hwang, JJ Burma, S Lee, C Cheng, JF Chen, DJ AF Ding, LH Shingyoji, M Chen, FQ Hwang, JJ Burma, S Lee, C Cheng, JF Chen, DJ TI Gene expression profiles of normal human fibroblasts after exposure to ionizing radiation: A comparative study of low and high doses SO RADIATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID ACTIVATED PROTEIN-KINASE; DNA-DAMAGE; GAMMA-IRRADIATION; CDNA MICROARRAY; MESSENGER-RNA; GROWTH-FACTOR; CDKN1A P21; PROSTATE CARCINOMA; ADAPTIVE RESPONSE; STRESS RESPONSES AB Several types of cellular responses to ionizing radiation, such as the adaptive response or the bystander effect, suggest that low-dose radiation may possess characteristics that distinguish it from its high-dose counterpart. Accumulated evidence also implies that the biological effects of low-dose and high-dose ionizing radiation are not linearly distributed. We have investigated, for the first time, global gene expression changes induced by ionizing radiation at doses as low as 2 cGy and have compared this to expression changes at 4 Gy. We applied cDNA microarray analyses to G(1)-arrested normal human skin fibroblasts subjected to X irradiation. Our data suggest that both qualitative and quantitative differences exist between gene expression profiles induced by 2 cGy and 4 Gy. The predominant functional groups responding to low-dose radiation are those involved in cell-cell signaling, signal transduction, development and DNA damage responses. At high dose, the responding genes are involved in apoptosis and cell proliferation. Interestingly, several genes, such as cytoskeleton components ANLN and KRT15 and cell-cell signaling genes GRAP2 and GPR51, were found to respond to low-dose radiation but not to high-dose radiation. Pathways that are specifically activated by low-dose radiation were also evident. These quantitative and qualitative differences in gene expression changes may help explain the non-linear correlation of biological effects of ionizing radiation from low dose to high dose. (c) 2005 by Radiation Research Society. C1 Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Div Mol Radiat Biol, Dept Radiat Oncol, Dallas, TX 75390 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Natl Yang Ming Univ, Dept Med Radiat Technol, Inst Radiol Sci, Taipei 112, Taiwan. RP Chen, DJ (reprint author), Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Div Mol Radiat Biol, Dept Radiat Oncol, 5801 Forest Pk Rd, Dallas, TX 75390 USA. EM david.chen@UTSouthwestern.edu NR 68 TC 134 Z9 145 U1 2 U2 13 PU RADIATION RESEARCH SOC PI OAK BROOK PA 820 JORIE BOULEVARD, OAK BROOK, IL 60523 USA SN 0033-7587 J9 RADIAT RES JI Radiat. Res. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 164 IS 1 BP 17 EP 26 DI 10.1667/RR3354 PG 10 WC Biology; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 939YK UT WOS:000230108500003 PM 15966761 ER PT J AU Sandoval, L Holechek, J Biggs, J Valdez, R VanLeeuwen, D AF Sandoval, L Holechek, J Biggs, J Valdez, R VanLeeuwen, D TI Elk and mule deer diets in north-central New Mexico SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE rangelands; forage; wildlife; competition; grazing ID MICROHISTOLOGICAL ANALYSIS; BOTANICAL COMPOSITION; FECAL ANALYSIS; FOOD-HABITS AB Botanical composition of mule deer and elk diets in winter, spring, summer, and autumn was studied during 1998 and 1999 on woodland rangeland in north-central New Mexico using microhistological analysis of fecal samples. Our study area had no livestock grazing for 60 years but was moderately grazed by mule deer and elk. Elk and mule deer shared 3 of the top 5 key forage species when diets were pooled across seasons and years. These 3 species were oak (Quercus sp.), ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Dougl.), and mullein (Verbascum thapsus L.). When data were pooled across seasons and years, overall dietary overlap between mule deer and elk was 64%. Diet overlaps of 50% or more occurred between mule deer and elk in all 4 seasons in both years of study. Throughout both years, mule deer and elk diets were dominated by browse. Mountain mahogany (Cercocarpus montanus Raf.) was the most abundant browse plant in mule deer diets; ponderosa pine was most abundant in elk diets. Both animals selected forbs, which were in low supply during the study. Scarlet globemallow (Sphaeralcea coccinea Pursh), a nutritious forb, was common in both mule deer and elk diets. Our study and others from woodland rangelands in New Mexico show high potential for forage competition between mule deer and elk. Elk are more dietarily adaptable to changing forage availability than are mule deer. Our study indicates that diets of mule deer and elk are not complementary on woodland rangelands in New Mexico. Therefore, grazing capacity is not increased by common-use grazing of the 2 animals. Both mule deer and elk herds have been increasing on our study area. Therefore, if use of common forage species is kept at moderate levels on southwestern woodland rangelands, mule deer herds can be maintained or increased when elk are present. C1 New Mexico State Univ, Dept Anim & Range Sci, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. New Mexico State Univ, Dept Fishery & Wildlife Sci, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. New Mexico State Univ, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RP Holechek, J (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, Dept Anim & Range Sci, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. EM holechek@nmsu.edu NR 50 TC 5 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 14 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 58 IS 4 BP 366 EP 372 DI 10.2111/1551-5028(2005)058[0366:EAMDDI]2.0.CO;2 PG 7 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 949PB UT WOS:000230799500006 ER PT J AU Gangopadhyay, AK Lee, GW Kelton, KF Rogers, JR Goldman, AI Robinson, DS Rathz, TJ Hyers, RW AF Gangopadhyay, AK Lee, GW Kelton, KF Rogers, JR Goldman, AI Robinson, DS Rathz, TJ Hyers, RW TI Beamline electrostatic levitator for in situ high energy x-ray diffraction studies of levitated solids and liquids SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID NONCONTACT MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUE; SURFACE-TENSION; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; UNDERCOOLED MELTS; VISCOSITY; ALLOYS; ZR; NI; TEMPERATURES; FURNACE AB Determinations of the phase formation sequence, crystal structures and the thermo-physical properties of materials at high temperatures are hampered by contamination from the sample container and environment. Containerless processing techniques, such as electrostatic (ESL), electromagnetic, aerodynamic, and acoustic levitation, are most suitable for these studies. An adaptation of ESL for in situ structural studies of a wide range of materials using high energy (30-130 keV) x rays at a synchrotron source is described here. This beamline ESL (BESL) allows the in situ determination of the atomic structures of equilibrium solid and liquid phases, undercooled liquids and time-resolved studies of solid-solid and liquid-solid phase transformations. The use of area detectors enables the rapid acquisition of complete diffraction patterns over a wide range (0.5-14 A(-1)) of reciprocal space. The wide temperature range (300-2500 K), containerless processing environment under high vacuum (10(-7)-10(-8) Torr), and fast data acquisition capability, make BESL particularly well suited for phase stability studies of high temperature solids and liquids. An additional, but important, feature of BESL is the capability for simultaneous measurements of a host of thermo-physical properties including the specific heat, enthalpy of transformation, solidus and liquidus temperatures, density, viscosity, and surface tension, all on the same sample during the structural measurements. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Washington Univ, Dept Phys, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Univ Alabama, Huntsville, AL 35801 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RP Gangopadhyay, AK (reprint author), Washington Univ, Dept Phys, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. EM anup@wuphys.wustl.edu RI Hyers, Robert/G-3755-2010 NR 28 TC 47 Z9 50 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 76 IS 7 AR 073901 DI 10.1063/1.1932447 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 944NU UT WOS:000230436600030 ER PT J AU Kim, JS Miller, R Nantista, C AF Kim, JS Miller, R Nantista, C TI Design of a standing-wave multicell radio frequency cavity beam monitor for simultaneous position and emittance measurement SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article AB High precision, nondisruptive emittance measurement through second moment monitoring requires precise beam position at the measurement location. We present the design and analysis of a multicavity standing wave structure for a pulse-to-pulse beam position-emittance measurement system in which the quadrupole and the dipole standing wave modes resonate at harmonics of a presumed beam bunch train frequency. As an application for the Next Linear Collider (NLC) beams, an optimized nine-cavity standing-wave structure is designed for simultaneous high precision beam position and emittance measurement. It operates with the pi-phase advance quadrupole mode resonating at the 16th harmonic (11.424 GHz) of the NLC bunch frequency and the 3 pi/4-phase advance dipole mode at the 12th harmonic (8.568 GHz). The output powers from these modes are estimated for the NLC beams. Measurement resolution is estimated to be on the micron scale for rms beam size and on the nanometer scale for beam position. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 EAR Tech Inc, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Kim, JS (reprint author), EAR Tech Inc, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. EM kim@far-tech.com NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 EI 1089-7623 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 76 IS 7 AR 073302 DI 10.1063/1.1946407 PG 9 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 944NU UT WOS:000230436600010 ER PT J AU King, JA Akli, K Snavely, RA Zhang, B Key, MH Chen, CD Chen, M Hatchett, SP Koch, JA MacKinnon, AJ Patel, PK Phillips, T Town, RPJ Freeman, RR Borghesi, M Romagnani, L Zepf, M Cowan, T Stephens, R Lancaster, KL Murphy, CD Norreys, P Stoeckl, C AF King, JA Akli, K Snavely, RA Zhang, B Key, MH Chen, CD Chen, M Hatchett, SP Koch, JA MacKinnon, AJ Patel, PK Phillips, T Town, RPJ Freeman, RR Borghesi, M Romagnani, L Zepf, M Cowan, T Stephens, R Lancaster, KL Murphy, CD Norreys, P Stoeckl, C TI Characterization of a picosecond laser generated 4.5 keV TiK-alpha source for pulsed radiography SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID SPECTROSCOPY; EMISSION AB K alpha radiation generated by interaction of an ultrashort (1 ps) laser with thin (25 mu m) Ti foils at high intensity (2x10(16) W/cm(2)) is analyzed using data from a spherical Bragg crystal imager and a single hit charge-coupled device spectrometer together with Monte Carlo simulations of K alpha brightness. Laser to K alpha and electron conversion efficiencies have been determined. We have also measured an effective crystal reflectivity of 3.75 +/- 2%. Comparison of imager data with data from the relatively broadband single hit spectrometer has revealed a reduction in crystal collection efficiency for high K alpha yield. This is attributed to a shift in the K-shell spectrum due to Ti ionization. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Queens Univ Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland. Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA USA. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Chilton, Oxon, England. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, London, England. Univ Rochester, LLE, Rochester, NY USA. RP King, JA (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM king55@llnl.gov RI Patel, Pravesh/E-1400-2011; Borghesi, Marco/K-2974-2012; Zepf, Matt/M-1232-2014; MacKinnon, Andrew/P-7239-2014; Cowan, Thomas/A-8713-2011; OI MacKinnon, Andrew/0000-0002-4380-2906; Cowan, Thomas/0000-0002-5845-000X; Stephens, Richard/0000-0002-7034-6141 NR 14 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 76 IS 7 AR 076102 DI 10.1063/1.1940091 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 944NU UT WOS:000230436600060 ER PT J AU Koch, JA Barbee, TW Izumi, N Tommasini, R Mancini, RC Welser, LA Marshall, FJ AF Koch, JA Barbee, TW Izumi, N Tommasini, R Mancini, RC Welser, LA Marshall, FJ TI Multispectral x-ray imaging with a pinhole array and a flat Bragg mirror SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID NATIONAL IGNITION FACILITY; BENT CRYSTALS; HIGH-ENERGY; PLASMAS; OMEGA; MICROSCOPY; EMISSION; SYSTEM AB We describe a multiple monochromatic x-ray imager designed for implosion experiments. This instrument uses an array of pinholes in front of a flat multilayered Bragg mirror to provide many individual quasimonochromatic x-ray pinhole images spread over a wide spectral range. We discuss design constraints and optimizations, and we discuss the specific details of the instrument we have used to obtain temperature and density maps of implosion plasmas. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA. Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. RP Koch, JA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808,L-481, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI IZUMI, Nobuhiko/J-8487-2016; Tommasini, Riccardo/A-8214-2009 OI IZUMI, Nobuhiko/0000-0003-1114-597X; Tommasini, Riccardo/0000-0002-1070-3565 NR 16 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 76 IS 7 AR 073708 DI 10.1063/1.1940614 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 944NU UT WOS:000230436600028 ER PT J AU Nolen, JA Reed, CB Novick, VJ Specht, JR Bogaty, JM Plotkin, P Momozaki, Y AF Nolen, JA Reed, CB Novick, VJ Specht, JR Bogaty, JM Plotkin, P Momozaki, Y TI Behavior of liquid lithium jet irradiated by 1 MeV electron beams up to 20 kW SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID RIA AB Experiments were conducted to demonstrate the stable operation of the windowless liquid lithium target under extreme thermal loads that are equivalent to uranium beams from the proposed Rare Isotope Accelerator (RIA) driver linac. The cross section of the windowless liquid lithium target was 5 mmx10 mm and the velocity of the liquid lithium was varied up to 6 m/s. Thermal loads up to 20 kW within a beam spot of 1 mm in diameter were applied on the windowless liquid lithium target by 1 MeV electron beams. The maximum power density and total power deposited within the target was equivalent to that of a 200 kW, 400 MeV/u uranium beam. It was demonstrated that the windowless liquid lithium target flowing at as low as 1.8 m/s stably operates at a beam energy deposition up to 20 kW without disruption or excess vaporization. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Nucl Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Phys Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Energy Technol Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Nucl Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Nolen, JA (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Nucl Engn Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 7 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 76 IS 7 AR 073501 DI 10.1063/1.1942530 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 944NU UT WOS:000230436600014 ER PT J AU Seel, SC Thompson, CV AF Seel, SC Thompson, CV TI Piezoresistive microcantilevers for in situ stress measurements during thin film deposition SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID INTRINSIC STRESS; METAL-FILMS; CURVATURE MEASUREMENTS; VAPOR-DEPOSITION; INTERNAL-STRESS; REAL-TIME; EVOLUTION; SILICON; GROWTH; COPPER AB Conventional thin film stress measurements detect the physical deflection of a cantilever substrate induced by the stress in a deposited film. We have developed an electrical technique for in situ stress measurement that detects the piezoresistive response of resistors fabricated within the surface of a 20-mu m-thick Si microcantilever substrate. By using Si cantilevers fabricated from (110) wafers, boron-implanted resistors oriented along < 110 > in-plane directions, which have a large piezoresistive response, were used for sensing the biaxial stress in the substrate surface resulting from the stress that developed in a deposited film. Resistors oriented along < 001 > in-plane directions, which have the least sensitive piezoresistive response and a temperature-dependent resistivity, were used to monitor the substrate temperature during deposition. Intrinsic stresses related to the thin film formation process, excluding thermal stresses, were measured for Cu during deposition as a function of film thickness and as a function of time during interruptions of growth. The piezocantilever's insensitivity to both mechanical vibration and substrate alignment, good signal-to-noise ratio, and the potential for stress measurement during chemical vapor deposition are improvements over conventional thin film stress measurement techniques. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 MIT, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Seel, SC (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Surface & Interface Sci Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 41 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 76 IS 7 AR 075103 DI 10.1063/1.1947067 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 944NU UT WOS:000230436600049 ER PT J AU Spear, JD AF Spear, JD TI Shot noise in x-ray measurements with p-i-n diodes SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article AB The importance of shot noise is considered for situations in which p-i-n diodes monitor x-ray radiation. An expression for shot noise is derived in terms of the photon energy, the pair creation energy of the diode material, and the photocurrent. Statistical analysis shows that the Fano factor can be neglected for noise calculations. A lock-in amplifier measured the low frequency photocurrent noise from an unbiased silicon p-i-n photodiode that monitored radiation in the range of 6-16 keV at a synchrotron beamline. With ordinary electronic amplification and shielding, shot noise dominated other noise sources for photocurrents exceeding about 5 pA. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Sci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Spear, JD (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Sci Div, M-S 6-2100, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jdspear@LBL.gov NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 76 IS 7 AR 076101 DI 10.1063/1.1947776 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 944NU UT WOS:000230436600059 ER PT J AU Maier, T Jarrell, M Pruschke, T Hettler, MH AF Maier, T Jarrell, M Pruschke, T Hettler, MH TI Quantum cluster theories SO REVIEWS OF MODERN PHYSICS LA English DT Review ID FALICOV-KIMBALL MODEL; DYNAMICAL MEAN-FIELD; DILUTE MAGNETIC-ALLOYS; CORRELATED ELECTRON-SYSTEMS; ZERO-TEMPERATURE PROPERTIES; DIMENSIONAL HUBBARD-MODEL; IMPURITY ANDERSON MODEL; COHERENT POTENTIAL APPROXIMATION; RENORMALIZATION-GROUP APPROACH; ENERGY-FUNCTIONAL APPROACH AB This article reviews quantum cluster theories, a set of approximations for infinite lattice models which treat correlations within the cluster explicitly, and correlations at longer length scales either perturbatively or within a mean-field approximation. These methods become exact when the cluster size diverges, and most recover the corresponding mean-field approximation when the cluster size becomes 1. Although quantum cluster theories were originally developed to treat disordered systems, they have more recently been applied to the study of ordered and disordered correlated systems, which will be the focus of this review. After a brief historical review, the authors provide detailed derivations of three cluster formalisms: the cluster perturbation theory, the dynamical cluster approximation, and the cellular dynamical mean-field theory. They compare their advantages and review their applications to common models of correlated electron systems. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Dept Phys, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. Univ Gottingen, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Inst Nanotechnol, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany. RP Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM maierta@ornl.gov RI Pruschke, Thomas/H-5046-2011; Pruschke, Thomas/H-5065-2011; Maier, Thomas/F-6759-2012 OI Maier, Thomas/0000-0002-1424-9996 NR 193 TC 652 Z9 655 U1 6 U2 47 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0034-6861 EI 1539-0756 J9 REV MOD PHYS JI Rev. Mod. Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 77 IS 3 BP 1027 EP 1080 DI 10.1103/RevModPhys.77.1027 PG 54 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 972HB UT WOS:000232443800009 ER PT J AU Heathman, S Haire, RG Le Bihan, T Lindbaum, A Idiri, M Normile, P Li, S Ahuja, R Johansson, B Lander, GH AF Heathman, S Haire, RG Le Bihan, T Lindbaum, A Idiri, M Normile, P Li, S Ahuja, R Johansson, B Lander, GH TI A high-pressure structure in curium linked to magnetism SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES; TRANSITION-METALS; 5F ELECTRONS; SYSTEMS AB Curium ties at the center of the actinide series and has a half-filled shell. with seven 5f electrons spatially residing inside its radon core. As a function of pressure, curium exhibits five different crystallographic phases up to 100 gigapascals, of which all but one are also found in the preceding element, americium. We describe here a structure in curium, Cm III, with monoctinic symmetry, space group C2/c, found at intermediate pressures (between 37 and 56 gigapascals). Ab initio electronic structure calculations agree with the observed sequence of structures and establish that it is the spin polarization of curium's 5f electrons that stabilizes Cm Ill. The results reveal that curium is one of a few elements that has a lattice structure stabilized by magnetism. C1 Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Transuranium Elements, D-76125 Karlsruhe, Germany. Royal Inst Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden. Univ Uppsala, Dept Phys, S-75121 Uppsala, Sweden. Vienna Univ Technol, Inst Solid State Phys, A-1040 Vienna, Austria. European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, F-38043 Grenoble, France. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Heathman, S (reprint author), Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Transuranium Elements, Postfach 2340, D-76125 Karlsruhe, Germany. EM heathman@itu.fzk.de RI LE BIHAN, Tristan/I-5063-2013; Normile, Peter/I-2320-2015 OI Normile, Peter/0000-0002-8851-9899 NR 20 TC 70 Z9 70 U1 0 U2 21 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JUL 1 PY 2005 VL 309 IS 5731 BP 110 EP 113 DI 10.1126/science.1112453 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 941KD UT WOS:000230212800068 PM 15994550 ER PT J AU Han, QY Xu, HB AF Han, QY Xu, HB TI Fluidity of alloys under high pressure die casting, conditions SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE casting; aluminum alloys; solidification; thermodynamics; fluidity AB The fluidity length is generally inversely proportional to the solidification interval of an alloy. We report that, under high pressure die casting conditions, this relationship does not hold. Rather, the fluidity length increases with decreasing solidus temperature of an alloy. © 2005 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Han, QY (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM hanq@ornl.gov NR 7 TC 20 Z9 25 U1 2 U2 9 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 53 IS 1 BP 7 EP 10 DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2005.03.025 PG 4 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 931VP UT WOS:000229513900002 ER PT J AU Dalla Torre, F Van Swygenhoven, H Schaublin, R Spatig, P Victoria, M AF Dalla Torre, F Van Swygenhoven, H Schaublin, R Spatig, P Victoria, M TI Mechanical behaviour of nanocrystalline electrodeposited Ni above room temperature SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE nanostructured Ni; mechanical properties; sulphur segregation; lubricant ID TENSILE PROPERTIES; NICKEL; DEFORMATION; FRACTURE AB Tensile properties and microstructure of Danocrystalline electrodeposited Ni at temperatures between room temperature and 330&DEG; C are presented. Above 300&DEG; C low flow stress and high tensile elongation are observed along with grain growth and segregation of sulphur to the grain boundaries causing the formation of a Ni-sulphide phase. © 2005 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Paul Scherrer Inst, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. EPFL, Swiss Confederat, EURATOM, FTM,CRPP, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Politecn Madrid, Madrid, Spain. RP Dalla Torre, F (reprint author), Monash Univ, Sch Phys & Mat Engn, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. EM florian.dallatorre@gmx.ch RI Schaeublin, Robin/O-1426-2016 OI Schaeublin, Robin/0000-0002-8379-9705 NR 15 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 4 U2 23 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 53 IS 1 BP 23 EP 27 DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2005.03.026 PG 5 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 931VP UT WOS:000229513900005 ER PT J AU Trivedi, R AF Trivedi, R TI The role of heterogeneous nucleation on microstructure evolution in peritectic systems SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE heterogeneous nucleation; directional solidification; polyphase microstructure; peritectic solidification; surface energy ID STEPS AB A model is developed for nucleation of the second phase at the growing primary phase in directional solidification. The results are summarized in the form of a nucleation map in the (θ, φ) space, where θ and φ are the contact angles at the liquid-primary phase interface and at the wall-liquid interface. © 2005 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Iowa State Univ, Met & Ceram Sci Program, Ames Lab, USDOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Trivedi, R (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Met & Ceram Sci Program, Ames Lab, USDOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM trivedi@ameslab.gov NR 7 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 53 IS 1 BP 47 EP 52 DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2005.03.019 PG 6 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 931VP UT WOS:000229513900009 ER PT J AU Santella, ML Engstrom, T Storjohann, D Pan, TY AF Santella, ML Engstrom, T Storjohann, D Pan, TY TI Effects of friction stir processing on mechanical properties of the cast aluminum alloys A319 and A356 SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE aluminum alloys; casting; friction stir welding; mechanical properties; surface structure ID MICROSTRUCTURAL MODIFICATION; FATIGUE BEHAVIOR; HEAT-TREATMENT AB Surfaces of A319 and A356 castings were treated by friction stir processing to reduce porosity and to create more uniform distributions of second-phase particles. Dendritic microstructures were eliminated in stir zones. The ultimate tensile strengths, ductilities, and fatigue lives of both alloys were increased by the friction stir processing. (c) 2005 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. S Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Dept Mat & Met Engn, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA. Ford Motor Co, Sci Res Labs, Dearborn, MI 48124 USA. RP Santella, ML (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM santellaml@ornl.gov NR 20 TC 100 Z9 109 U1 2 U2 24 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 53 IS 2 BP 201 EP 206 DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2005.03.040 PG 6 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 934EH UT WOS:000229689200011 ER PT J AU Stein, S Friedrich, A Newman, A AF Stein, S Friedrich, A Newman, A TI Dependence of possible characteristic earthquakes on spatial sampling: Illustration for the Wasatch seismic zone, Utah SO SEISMOLOGICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GUTENBERG-RICHTER C1 Northwestern Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Univ Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Stein, S (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. EM seth@earth.northwestern.edu; anke@mit.alum.edu; anewman@lanl.gov RI Friedrich, Anke/G-2921-2011; Newman, Andrew/E-7682-2012 OI Friedrich, Anke/0000-0002-6938-8563; Newman, Andrew/0000-0001-7414-1197 NR 14 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI EL CERRITO PA PLAZA PROFESSIONAL BLDG, SUITE 201, EL CERRITO, CA 94530 USA SN 0895-0695 J9 SEISMOL RES LETT JI Seismol. Res. Lett. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 76 IS 4 BP 432 EP 436 PG 5 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 947BH UT WOS:000230616700004 ER PT J AU Hu, Q Williams, BS Kumar, S Callebaut, H Kohen, S Reno, JL AF Hu, Q Williams, BS Kumar, S Callebaut, H Kohen, S Reno, JL TI Resonant-phonon-assisted THz quantum-cascade lasers with metal-metal waveguides SO SEMICONDUCTOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LIQUID-NITROGEN TEMPERATURE; MU-M; INTERSUBBAND EMISSION; SEMICONDUCTOR; SUPERLATTICES; SCATTERING; TRANSPORT AB We report our development of terahertz (THz) quantum-cascade lasers (QCLs) based on two novel features. First, the depopulation of the lower radiative level is achieved through resonant longitudinal optical (LO-)phonon scattering. This depopulation mechanism is robust at high temperatures and high injection levels. In contrast to infrared QCLs that also use LO-phonon scattering for depopulation, in our THz lasers the selectivity of the depopulation scattering is achieved through a combination of resonant tunnelling and LO-phonon scattering, hence the term resonant phonon. This resonant-phonon scheme allows a highly selective depopulation of the lower radiative level with a sub-picosecond lifetime, while maintaining a relatively long upper level lifetime (> 5 ps) that is due to upper-to-ground-state scattering. The second feature of our lasers is that mode confinement is achieved by using a novel double-sided metal-metal waveguide, which yields an essentially unity mode confinement factor and therefore a low total cavity loss at THz frequencies. Based on these two unique features, we have achieved some record performance, including, but not limited to, the highest pulsed operating temperature of 137 K, the highest continuous-wave operating temperature of 97 K, and the longest wavelength of 141 mu m (corresponding to 2.1 THz) without the assistance of a magnetic field. C1 MIT, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. MIT, Elect Res Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Dept 1123, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Hu, Q (reprint author), MIT, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RI Williams, Benjamin/B-4494-2013 OI Williams, Benjamin/0000-0002-6241-8336 NR 32 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0268-1242 J9 SEMICOND SCI TECH JI Semicond. Sci. Technol. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 20 IS 7 BP S228 EP S236 DI 10.1088/0268-1242/20/7/013 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 948IM UT WOS:000230709300014 ER PT J AU Padmanabhan, R McCune, W Veroff, R AF Padmanabhan, R McCune, W Veroff, R TI Levi's commutator theorems for cancellative semigroups SO SEMIGROUP FORUM LA English DT Editorial Material DE cancellative semigroup; commutator; automated theorem proving AB A conjecture of Padmanabhan, on provability in cancellative semigroups, is addressed. Several of Levi's group theory commutator theorems are proved for cancellative semigroups. The proofs, found by automated deduction, support the conjecture. C1 Univ Manitoba, Dept Math, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada. Univ New Mexico, Dept Comp Sci, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60419 USA. RP Padmanabhan, R (reprint author), Univ Manitoba, Dept Math, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada. EM padman@cc.umanitoba.ca; mccune@mcs.anl.gov; veroff@cs.unm.edu NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0037-1912 J9 SEMIGROUP FORUM JI Semigr. Forum PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 71 IS 1 BP 152 EP 157 DI 10.1007/s00233-005-0506-0 PG 6 WC Mathematics SC Mathematics GA 969UD UT WOS:000232259600012 ER PT J AU Lee, J Kim, J Kim, J Jia, HF Kim, MI Kwak, JH Jin, SM Dohnalkova, A Park, HG Chang, HN Wang, P Grate, JW Hyeon, T AF Lee, J Kim, J Kim, J Jia, HF Kim, MI Kwak, JH Jin, SM Dohnalkova, A Park, HG Chang, HN Wang, P Grate, JW Hyeon, T TI Simple synthesis of hierarchically ordered mesocellular mesoporous silica materials hosting crosslinked enzyme aggregates SO SMALL LA English DT Article DE crosslinking; enzymes; mesoporous materals; silica; template synthesis ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; CARBON MOLECULAR-SIEVES; CAGE-LIKE PORES; POROUS-SILICA; METAL-OXIDES; TRIBLOCK COPOLYMER; NANOPOROUS CARBON; POLYMER FOAMS; LOW-COST; TEMPLATES AB Hierarchically ordered mesocellular mesoporous silica materials (HMMS) were synthesized using a single structure-directing agent. The mesocellular pores are synthesized without adding any pore expander; the pore walls are composed of SBA-15 type mesopores. Small-angle X-ray scattering revealed the presence of uniform' pore structures with two different sizes. Using HMMS as a nanoscopic template, hierarchically ordered mesocellular mesoporous carbon (HMMC) and polymer (HMMP) materials were synthesized. HMMS was used as a host for enzyme immobilization. To improve the retention of enzymes in HMMS, we adsorbed enzymes, and then employed crosslinking using glutaraldehyde (GA). The resulting crosslinked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs) show an impressive stability with extremely high enzyme loadings. For example, 0.5 g alpha-chymotrypsin (CT) could be loaded in 1 g of silica with no activity decrease observed with rigorous shaking over one month. In contrast, adsorbed CT without GA treatment resulted in a lower loading, which further decreased due to continuous leaching of adsorbed CT under shaking. The activity of crosslinked CT aggregates in HMMS was approximate to 10 times higher than that of the adsorbed CT, which represents a 74-fold increase in activity per unit weight of HMMS due to higher CT loading. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Seoul Natl Univ, Sch Chem Engn, Seoul, South Korea. Seoul Natl Univ, Natl Creat Res Initiat Ctr Oxide Nanocrystalline, Seoul, South Korea. Univ Akron, Dept Chem Engn, Akron, OH 44325 USA. Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Taejon 305701, South Korea. RP Lee, J (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM jungbae.Kim@pnl.gov; thyeon@plaza.snu.ac.kr RI PARK, HYUN GYU/C-1597-2011; Chang, HN/B-9351-2011; Hyeon, Taeghwan/J-5315-2012; Kwak, Ja Hun/J-4894-2014; Lee, Jinwoo/G-3330-2016; Lee, Junyoung/D-5463-2012; OI Lee, Jinwoo/0000-0001-6347-0446; Kim, Jaeyun/0000-0002-4687-6732; Lee, Junyoung/0000-0001-6689-2759; Kim, Moon Il/0000-0003-1844-0939 NR 82 TC 150 Z9 155 U1 4 U2 68 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1613-6810 J9 SMALL JI Small PD JUL PY 2005 VL 1 IS 7 BP 744 EP 753 DI 10.1002/smll.200500035 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 936SY UT WOS:000229876900014 PM 17193518 ER PT J AU Firestone, MA Dietz, ML Seifert, S Trasobares, S Miller, DJ Zaluzec, NJ AF Firestone, MA Dietz, ML Seifert, S Trasobares, S Miller, DJ Zaluzec, NJ TI Ionogel-templated synthesis and organization of anisotropic gold nanoparticles SO SMALL LA English DT Article DE gels; gold; nanoparticles; photoreduction; template synthesis ID IMIDAZOLIUM IONIC LIQUIDS; PLASMON RESONANCE-SPECTRUM; SILVER NANOPARTICLES; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; HYDROGENATION REACTIONS; NANOSPHERE LITHOGRAPHY; METAL NANOPARTICLES; MESOPOROUS SILICA; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION AB Photochemical reduction of tetrachloroaurate (AuCl4-) ions in the highly constrained aqueous domains of a nanostructured ionogel template, formed via self-assembly of the ionic liquid 1-decyl-3-methy-limidazolium chloride (C(10)mim(+) Cl-) in water, results in the formation of anisotropic gold nanoparticles with a variety of sizes and morphologies, which include previously unattainable trigonal prismatic nanorods. Unexpectedly, small-angle X-ray scattering studies of the Au-ionogel composite reveal that the in situ formation of the nanoparticles increases the mesoscopic order of the ionogel, which results in its conversion to a near-monodomain structure. The findings demonstrate that nanostructured, ionic liquid-based gels can be used to template the formation of new nanoparticle morphologies with technologically important optical, electronic, and catalytic properties. It may also be possible to design soft templates that permit the fabrication of highly ordered nanoparticle array-hydrogel composites, thereby enabling control and tuning of the collective properties of the encapsulated nanoparticles. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Firestone, MA (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM firestone@anl.gov RI Trasobares, Susana/H-5282-2015 OI Trasobares, Susana/0000-0003-3820-4327 NR 62 TC 71 Z9 75 U1 5 U2 76 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1613-6810 J9 SMALL JI Small PD JUL PY 2005 VL 1 IS 7 BP 754 EP 760 DI 10.1002/smll.200500030 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 936SY UT WOS:000229876900015 PM 17193519 ER PT J AU Kim, H Lee, S Moon, JW Rao, PSC AF Kim, H Lee, S Moon, JW Rao, PSC TI Gas transport of volatile organic compounds in unsaturated soils: Quantitative analysis of retardation processes SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID POROUS-MEDIA; PHASE TRANSPORT; DIVERSE SET; ADSORPTION; CHEMICALS; TRICHLOROETHYLENE; HYDROCARBONS; INTERFACE; VAPORS; SILICA AB Knowledge of the gas transport of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) through unsaturated soils is important for understanding the fate of these contaminants. However, studies have not been performed for examining the retardation of VOCs, based on quantitative analyses of processes contributing to retardation as the function of water content during gas flow through unsaturated soils. No investigations have evaluated whether different factors that contribute to VOC retardation during gas transport have an additive effect, such that the sum of different effects can be used to predict overall transport velocity. A series of gas transport experiments was conducted in a son column over a range of water contents, using a soil with low organic carbon content (approximately 0.1%), and tetrachloroethene (PCE) and 1,1,1-trichloroethane (TCA) as representative VOCs. Three phase-partitioning processes (partitioning into soil water, adsorption at the soil particles, adsorption at the air-water interface) were evaluated independently. The sum of retardation effects from these processes was then compared with the observed VOC retardation factors. Measured retardation factors for PCE and TCA were in good agreement with those predicted over the range of water contents (0.02-0.24) examined in this study, supporting the additive nature of different phase-partitioning processes for the gas transport of VOCs in soils. Also, the relative contribution of each phase-partitioning process to the total retardation of VOCs during gas transport was a strong function of water content. C1 Hallym Univ, Dept Environm Syst Engn, Chuncheon City 200702, Gangwon, South Korea. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Purdue Univ, Sch Civil Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Kim, H (reprint author), Hallym Univ, Dept Environm Syst Engn, Chuncheon City 200702, Gangwon, South Korea. EM heonki@hallym.ac.kr RI Moon, Ji-Won/A-9186-2011 OI Moon, Ji-Won/0000-0001-7776-6889 NR 21 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 10 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 69 IS 4 BP 990 EP 995 DI 10.2136/sssaj2003.0208 PG 6 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 949BQ UT WOS:000230760300004 ER PT J AU Radcliffe, DE West, LT Singer, J AF Radcliffe, DE West, LT Singer, J TI Gravel effect on wastewater infiltration from septic system trenches SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY; UNSATURATED FLOW; EFFLUENT AB Septic systems have been developed that use a chamber rather than gravel in drain line trenches. Gravel is thought to impede infiltration due to a masking effect, a reduction in biomat hydraulic conductivity when the gravel is embedded, or due to fine particles that wash off the gravel and form a low-conductivity layer, but results from studies on the effect of gravel have varied. Our objective was to determine the effect of gravel masking and embedded gravel on water How in septic system trenches. We used the finite-element numerical model HYDRUS-2D for our analysis. We simulated water movement from the trench bottom into the Bt1 and BC horizons of a Cecil soil. Gravel masking generally had little effect. In the BC horizon where the biomat hydraulic conductivity was one order of magnitude less than that of the soil, embedded gravel produced a chamber-to-gravel system infiltration ratio of 1.50. When sidewall flow was included in the BC horizon, the effect of embedded gravel was lessened and the infiltration ratio dropped to 1.33. In the Bt1 horizon where the biomat hydraulic conductivity was four orders of magnitude less than that of the soil, embedded gravel had more of an effect, producing an infiltration ratio of 1.93, close to the manufacturer's claim that chamber systems have twice the infiltration rate of gravel systems. When sidewall flow was included in the Bt1 horizon, the effect of gravel was diminished with an infiltration ratio of 1.70. Gravel had less of an effect than claimed by the manufacturer of the chamber system because lateral gradients pulling water into the areas beneath gravel particles compensated, in part, for the reduced cross-sectional area available for infiltration in the gravel systems. C1 Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29803 USA. RP Radcliffe, DE (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM dradclif@uga.edu NR 17 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 6 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 69 IS 4 BP 1217 EP 1224 DI 10.2136/sssaj2004.0302 PG 8 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 949BQ UT WOS:000230760300029 ER PT J AU Shukla, MK Lal, R Ebinger, MH AF Shukla, MK Lal, R Ebinger, MH TI Physical and chemical properties of a minespoil eight years after reclamation in Northeastern Ohio SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID RECLAIMED MINED LAND; SOUTHEASTERN OHIO; SURFACE MINE; COAL-MINE; SOIL; MINESOILS; INFILTRATION; QUALITY; PRODUCTS; CARBON AB The potential of using flue gas desulfurization by-products (FGD) for the reclamation of acid minespoil was assessed in Tuscarawas County of Ohio, USA. In Treatment 1, 280 Mg ha(-1) of FGD was incorporated into the graded spoil to a depth of 20 cm. In Treatment 2,280 Mg ha(-1) of FGD and 112 Mg ha(-1) of yard waste compost were incorporated into the graded spoil (FGDC). In Treatment 3, 112 Mg ha(-1) of limestone was incorporated into the graded spoil and was covered with 20 cm of graded borrowed topsoil (BTS). Six cores and six bulk soil samples were obtained from each treatment for the 0- to 10-cm depth in summer 2002. From the 10- to 20-cm depth, only bulk soil samples were obtained. Bulk and core soil samples were also collected from an unreclaimed spoil (SP) and a nearby unmined soil (UMS). Among the three reclamation treatments, BTS showed better soil quality with higher soil organic C (28.5 Mg ha(-1)), waterstable aggregation (556 g kg(-1)), and mean weight diameter (3.2 mm) of aggregates than FGDC or FGD treatments. The FGDC had higher soil inorganic and organic C than FGD. However, saturated hydraulic conductivity (K-s), cumulative infiltration (I), infiltration rates at 5 min (i(s)) and 2.5 h (i(c)), and soil pH were similar among three treatments. Among treatments and controls, soil bulk density (rho(b),) was lower for FGD, FGDC, and UMS than BTS and SP; and water-stable aggregation and mean weight diameter of the aggregates was higher for UMS and BTS than FGDC, FGD, and SP for both depths. The I and i(c) were similar among UMS and treatments. Reclamation improved the soil quality with higher soil pH (approximate to 7) and inorganic and soil organic C than in the SP. With respect to FGD, the soil organic C in FGDC increased at the rate of 0.64 Mg ha(-1) yr(-1) for the 0- to 10-cm depth. Overall, BTS was the best reclamation treatment. However, if topsoil is unavailable or transport is expensive, FGDC can be used as an effective reclamation material. C1 Ohio State Univ, FAES, Sch Nat Resources, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Shukla, MK (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, FAES, Sch Nat Resources, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM shukla.9@osu.edu RI Lal, Rattan/D-2505-2013 NR 50 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 3 U2 16 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 69 IS 4 BP 1288 EP 1297 DI 10.2136/sssaj2004.0221 PG 10 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 949BQ UT WOS:000230760300037 ER PT J AU Park, S Kang, K Si, W Yoon, WS Lee, Y Moodenbaugh, AR Lewis, LH Vogt, T AF Park, S Kang, K Si, W Yoon, WS Lee, Y Moodenbaugh, AR Lewis, LH Vogt, T TI Synthesis and characterization of Na0.3RhO2 center dot 0.6H(2)O - a semiconductor with a weak ferromagnetic component SO SOLID STATE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Na0.3RhO2 (.) 0.6H(2)O; semiconductor; ferromagnetic ID PHASE AB We have prepared the oxyhydrate Na(0.3)RhO(2)center dot 0.6H(2)O by extracting Na+ cations from NaRhO2 and intercalating water molecules using an aqueous solution of Na2S2O8. Rietveld refinement, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) reveal that a non-stoichiometric Na-0.3(H2O)(0.6) network separates layers of edge-sharing RhO6 octahedra containing Rh3+ (4d(6), S=0) and Rh4+ (4d(5), S= 1/2). The resistivities of NaRhO2 and Na(0.3)RhO(2)center dot 0.6H(2)O (T < 300) reveal insulating and semi-conducting behavior with activation gaps of 134 and 7.8 meV, respectively. Both Na(0.3)RhO(2)center dot 0.6H(2)O and NaRhO2 show paramagnetism at room temperature, however, the sodium-deficient sample exhibits simultaneously a weak but experimentally reproducible ferromagnetic component. Both samples exhibit a temperature-independent Pauli paramagnetism, for NaRhO2, at T > 50 K and for Na(0.3)RhO(2)center dot 0.6H(2)O at T > 25 K. The relative magnitudes of the temperature-independent magnetic susceptibilities, that of the oxide sample being half that of the oxyhydrate, is consistent with a higher density of thermally accessible electron states at the Ferrm level in the hydrated sample. At low temperatures the magnetic moments rise sharply, providing evidence of localized and weakly-ordered electronic spins with effective moment per formula unit values of 2.0 X 10(-1) mu(B) for NaRhO2 and 0.8 X 10(-1) mu(B) for Na(0.3)RhO(2)center dot 0.6H(2)O. (c) 2005 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Mat Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Vogt, T (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Bld 510, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM tvogt@bill.gov RI Yoon, Won-Sub/H-2343-2011; Vogt, Thomas /A-1562-2011; Lee, Yongjae/K-6566-2016; OI Vogt, Thomas /0000-0002-4731-2787; Moodenbaugh, Arnold/0000-0002-3415-6762 NR 12 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-1098 J9 SOLID STATE COMMUN JI Solid State Commun. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 135 IS 1-2 BP 51 EP 56 DI 10.1016/j.ssc.2005.03.063 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 938JQ UT WOS:000229996300012 ER PT J AU Xu, C Moore, JE AF Xu, C Moore, JE TI Nonequilibrium charge density wave ordering from anomalous velocity in itinerant helical magnets SO SOLID STATE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE anomalous hall effect; charge density wave AB The Karplus-Luttinger anomalous velocity is shown to lead to electric-field-induced charge accumulation in nearly ferromagnetic noncollinear magnets with itinerant electrons, like MnSi. For helical magnetic ordering, the balance between this accumulation and the Coulomb interaction leads to a nonequilibrium charge density wave state with the period of the helix, even when such accumulation is forbidden by an approximate gauge-like symmetry in the absence of electric field. We compute the strength of such charge accumulation as an example of how unexpected many-electron physics is induced by the inclusion of the one-electron Karplus-Luttinger term whenever the local exchange field felt by conduction electrons does not satisfy the current-free Maxwell equations. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Moore, JE (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jemoore@berkeley.edu RI Moore, Joel/O-4959-2016 OI Moore, Joel/0000-0002-4294-5761 NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-1098 EI 1879-2766 J9 SOLID STATE COMMUN JI Solid State Commun. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 135 IS 1-2 BP 62 EP 66 DI 10.1016/j.ssc.2005.03.059 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 938JQ UT WOS:000229996300014 ER PT J AU Tian, GX Wang, JC Shen, YF Rao, LF AF Tian, GX Wang, JC Shen, YF Rao, LF TI Extraction of strontium from HLLW using N,N,N ',N '-tetraisobutyl 3-oxa-glutaramide SO SOLVENT EXTRACTION AND ION EXCHANGE LA English DT Article DE TBDGA; Sr2+; high level liquid waste ID ACIDIC RADIOACTIVE-WASTE; SOLVENT-EXTRACTION; CROWN-ETHERS; METAL-IONS; SUBSTITUTED METALLACARBORANES; NUCLEAR-WASTES; UNEX PROCESS; SEPARATION; ACTINIDES; CESIUM AB The properties of N,N,N',N'-tetra-isobutyl-3-oxa-glutaramide (TiBOGA) to extract Sr2+ were investigated. The effect of diluents on the extraction of Sr2+ was studied using kerosene, 1-octanol, toluene, and chloroform. Considering the formation of the third phase, and increase of D-Sr, the distribution ratio of Sr2+ the mixture of 40/60 (V/V)% 1-octanol/kerosene (KO) was chosen as the diluent in experiments. The dependence of D-Sr on the concentration of TiBOGA in the organic phase and on the activity of NO3- in the aqueous phase suggested the extracted complex to be Sr(TiBOGA)(3)(NO3)(2) in the organic phase. The thermodynamic parameters were calculated from the dependence of the extraction constant (K) on temperature. The calculated values of K, Delta G(0), Delta H-0, and Delta S-0 are 1.04 x 10(3), -17.1 kJ mol(-1), -48.9 kJ mol(-1), and -107 J mol(-1) K-1, respectively. Separation of Sr2+ from a simulated acidic high level liquid waste (HLLW) was carried out using 0.2 mol/L TiBOGA in 40/60% 1-octanol/KO as organic phase. The results indicate that TiBOGA has good selectivity for Sr2+ over other metal ions in the simulated acidic HLLW. The separation factor (SF) for Sr2+ over other metal ions are >4 x 10(3) except with Ba2+ which is 129. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Glenn T Seaborg Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Tsing Hua Univ, Inst Nucl & New Energy Technol, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. RP Tian, GX (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Glenn T Seaborg Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM tianguoxin97@tsinghua.edu.cn; Lrao@lbl.gov NR 17 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 3 U2 9 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0736-6299 J9 SOLVENT EXTR ION EXC JI Solvent Extr. Ion Exch. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 23 IS 4 BP 519 EP 528 DI 10.1081/SEI-200068502 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 955YN UT WOS:000231266200004 ER PT J AU Tranter, TJ Tillotson, RA Todd, TA AF Tranter, TJ Tillotson, RA Todd, TA TI Laboratory-scale column testing using crystalline silicotitanate (IONSIV (TM) IE-911) for removing cesium from acidic tank waste simulant. 1: Cesium exchange capacity of a 15-cm(3) column and dynamic stability of the exchange media SO SOLVENT EXTRACTION AND ION EXCHANGE LA English DT Article DE cesium-137; crystalline silicotitanate; ion-exchange; nuclear waste ID ION-EXCHANGE; STRONTIUM AB Bench-scale column tests were performed using a commercial form of crystalline silicotitanate (CST) for removing radio-cesium from a surrogate acidic tank solution representative of liquid waste stored at the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (INEEL). An engineered form of CST ion exchanger, known as IONSIV(TM) IE-911 (UOP, Mt. Laurel, NJ, USA), was tested in 15 cm(3) columns at a flow rate of 5 bed volumes per hour. These experiments showed the ion exchange material to have reasonable selectivity and capacity for removing cesium from the complex chemical matrix of the solution. However, previous testing indicated that partial neutralization of the feed stream was necessary to increase the stability of the ion exchange media. Thus, in these studies, CST degradation was determined as a function of throughput in order to better assess the stability characteristics of the exchanger for potential future waste treatment applications. Results of these tests indicate that the degradation of the CST reaches a maximum very soon after the acidic feed is introduced to the column and then rapidly declines. Total dissolution of bed material did not exceed 3% under the experimental regime used. C1 Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Tranter, TJ (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM ttranter@INEL.gov RI Todd, Terry /O-4930-2016 OI Todd, Terry /0000-0003-1324-6950 NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0736-6299 J9 SOLVENT EXTR ION EXC JI Solvent Extr. Ion Exch. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 23 IS 4 BP 583 EP 593 DI 10.1081/SEI-200062611 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 955YN UT WOS:000231266200008 ER PT J AU Tranter, TJ Tillotson, RD Todd, TA Argyle, MD AF Tranter, TJ Tillotson, RD Todd, TA Argyle, MD TI Laboratory-scale column testing using crystalline silicotitanate (IONSIV (TM) IE-911) for removing cesium from acidic tank waste simulant. 2: Determination of cesium exchange capacity and effective mass transfer coefficient from a 500-cm(3) column experiment SO SOLVENT EXTRACTION AND ION EXCHANGE LA English DT Article DE cesium-137; crystalline silicotitanate; ion-exchange; nuclear waste AB A semi-scale column test was performed using a commercial form of crystalline silicotitanate (CST) for removing radio-cesium from a surrogate acidic tank solution, which represents liquid waste stored at the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (INEEL). The engineered form of CST ion exchanger, known as IONSIV(TM) IE-911 (UOP, Mt. Laurel, NJ, USA), was tested in a 500-cm(3) column to obtain a cesium breakthrough curve. The cesium exchange capacity of this column matched the one obtained from previous testing with a 15-cm(3) column. A numerical algorithm using implicit finite difference approximations was developed to solve the governing mass transport equations for the CST columns. An effective mass transfer coefficient was derived from solving these equations for previously reported 15 cm(3) tests. The effective mass transfer coefficient was then used to predict the cesium breakthrough curve for the 500-cm(3) column and compared to the experimental data reported in this paper. The calculated breakthrough curve showed excellent agreement with the data from the 500-cm(3) column even though the interstitial velocity was a factor of two greater. Thus, this approach should provide a reasonable method for scale up to larger columns for treating actual tank waste. C1 Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Tranter, TJ (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM ttranter@INEL.gov RI Todd, Terry /O-4930-2016 OI Todd, Terry /0000-0003-1324-6950 NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0736-6299 J9 SOLVENT EXTR ION EXC JI Solvent Extr. Ion Exch. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 23 IS 4 BP 595 EP 609 DI 10.1081/SEI-200062613 PG 15 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 955YN UT WOS:000231266200009 ER PT J AU Kaiser, SE Brickner, JH Reilein, AR Fenn, TD Walter, P Brunger, AT AF Kaiser, SE Brickner, JH Reilein, AR Fenn, TD Walter, P Brunger, AT TI Structural basis of FFAT motif-mediated ER targeting SO STRUCTURE LA English DT Article ID SPERM PROTEIN MSP; OXYSTEROL-BINDING PROTEIN; ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM; MACROMOLECULAR STRUCTURES; MEMBRANE-PROTEIN; STRUCTURE REFINEMENT; ASCARIS-SUUM; VAP; SOFTWARE; DYNAMICS AB The FFAT motif is a targeting signal responsible for localizing a number of proteins to the cytosolic surface of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and to the nuclear membrane. FFAT motifs bind to members of the highly conserved VAP protein family, which are tethered to the cytoplasmic face of the ER by a C-terminal transmembrane domain. We have solved crystal structures of the rat VAP-A MSP homology domain alone and in complex with an FFAT motif. The co-crystal structure was used to design a VAP mutant that disrupts rat and yeast VAP-FFAT interactions in vitro. The FFAT binding-defective mutant also blocked function of the VAP homolog Scs2p in yeast. Finally, overexpression of the FFAT binding-defective VAP in COS7 cells dramatically altered ER morphology. Our data establish the structural basis of FFAT-mediated ER targeting and suggest that FFAT-targeted proteins play an important role in determining ER morphology. C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Dept Mol & Cellular Physiol,James H Clark Ctr, Dept Neurol & Neurol Sci,Howard Hughes Med Inst, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Howard Hughes Med Inst, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Biochem & Biophys, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Brunger, AT (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Dept Mol & Cellular Physiol,James H Clark Ctr, Dept Neurol & Neurol Sci,Howard Hughes Med Inst, E300-C,318 Campus Dr, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM brunger@stanford.edu OI Brunger, Axel/0000-0001-5121-2036 NR 33 TC 100 Z9 103 U1 0 U2 3 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 1100 MASSACHUSETTS AVE, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 USA SN 0969-2126 J9 STRUCTURE JI Structure PD JUL PY 2005 VL 13 IS 7 BP 1035 EP 1045 DI 10.1016/j.str.2005.04.010 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA 949YG UT WOS:000230824200012 PM 16004875 ER PT J AU Thompson, JR Sorge, KD Cantoni, C Kerchner, HR Christen, DK Paranthaman, M AF Thompson, JR Sorge, KD Cantoni, C Kerchner, HR Christen, DK Paranthaman, M TI Vortex pinning and slow creep in high-J(c) MgB2 thin films: a magnetic and transport study SO SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SINGLE-CRYSTAL MGB2; HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS; PHASE-DIAGRAM; MAGNESIUM DIBORIDE; CURRENT DENSITY; FLUX-CREEP; RELAXATION; ANISOTROPY; YBA2CU3O7-DELTA; DEPENDENCE AB We have investigated the pinning of vortices in high-J(C) films of polycrystalline MgB2, by studying the dependence of current density J on electric field E using both magnetic and transport methods. Precursor films of amorphous boron, deposited on sapphire substrates, were converted to 0.6 mu m thick MgB2 by post-annealing in the presence of Mg vapour at 890 degrees C for 1 h. In magnetic studies, a SQUID magnetometer was used conventionally to determine the induced current density by the Bean model. The decay of J with time t was determined unconventionally with the sample fixed in position, by monitoring the SQUID feedback voltage proportional to J versus time. The logarithmic decay rate S = -d ln(J)/d ln(t) was found to be very low in the H-T phase space away from the irreversibility line. Complementary four-probe transport studies of E(J) were analysed as a power law dependence of the form E proportional to J(n) and used to obtain the corresponding creep rate S = 1/(n - 1). Effective values for n approach and often significantly exceed 100. From these results, we estimate the effective energy U-0 for vortex pinning, as a function of magnetizing field H. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Thompson, JR (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM JRT@UTK.EDU RI Paranthaman, Mariappan/N-3866-2015; Cantoni, Claudia/G-3031-2013 OI Paranthaman, Mariappan/0000-0003-3009-8531; Cantoni, Claudia/0000-0002-9731-2021 NR 50 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-2048 J9 SUPERCOND SCI TECH JI Supercond. Sci. Technol. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 18 IS 7 BP 970 EP 976 DI 10.1088/0953-2048/18/7/008 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 952TB UT WOS:000231027300010 ER PT J AU Cansiz, A Hull, JR Gundogdu, O AF Cansiz, A Hull, JR Gundogdu, O TI Translational and rotational dynamic analysis of a superconducting levitation system SO SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BEARINGS; MAGNETS; FORCES; HTS AB The rotational dynamics of a disc-shaped permanent magnet rotor levitated over a high temperature superconductor was studied experimentally and theoretically. The interaction between the rotor magnet and the superconductor was modelled by assuming the magnet to be a magnetic dipole and the superconductor a diamagnet. In the magnetomechanical analysis of the superconductor part, the frozen image concept was combined with the diamagnetic image, and the damping in the system was neglected. The interaction potential of the system is the combination of magnetic and gravitational potentials. From the dynamical analysis the equations of motion of the permanent magnet were stated as a function of lateral, vertical, tilt, precision and rotating angles. The vibration behaviour and correlation of the vibration of one direction with that of another were determined with a numerical calculation based on the Runge-Kutta method. The various vibrational frequencies identified were vertical, radial, tilt, precession and rotation. The tests performed for experimental verifications were translational and rotational. The permanent magnet was 'spun up' under vacuum conditions to analyse the dynamics of the free 'spin down' behaviour of the permanent magnet. C1 Ataturk Univ, Elect Elect Engn Dept, Erzurum, Turkey. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Ataturk Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Erzurum, Turkey. RP Cansiz, A (reprint author), Ataturk Univ, Elect Elect Engn Dept, Erzurum, Turkey. EM acansiz@atauni.edu.tr RI Cansiz, Ahmet/A-5885-2012 NR 18 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 24 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-2048 J9 SUPERCOND SCI TECH JI Supercond. Sci. Technol. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 18 IS 7 BP 990 EP 996 DI 10.1088/0953-2048/18/7/011 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 952TB UT WOS:000231027300013 ER PT J AU Owings, RR Exarhos, GJ Windisch, CF Holloway, PH Wen, JG AF Owings, RR Exarhos, GJ Windisch, CF Holloway, PH Wen, JG TI Process enhanced polaron conductivity of infrared transparent nickel-cobalt oxide SO THIN SOLID FILMS LA English DT Article DE nickel cobalt oxide; electrical properties; optical properties; Polaron conductor; infrared transparent conducting oxide; combinatorial sputtering; Verwey transition ID ELECTRONIC CONDUCTION; TRANSITION POINT; SPINEL FILMS AB The effects of gas composition during combinatorial sputtering of p-type polaron conducting films and the effects of total chamber gas pressure and different target-to-substrate distance show correlated variations in electrical and optical properties. Optimum conductivity from combinatorially deposited films containing equal parts of nickel and cobalt is achieved when sputtered in a gas mixture of 50% argon and 50% oxygen from oxide targets, with the best film conductivity of 375 S cm(-1) achieved using growth conditions that promote complete oxidation. The gas pressure study shows that deposition at relatively low chamber pressures followed by subsequent quenching of heated samples in air leads to enhanced conductivity. Conductivity is enhanced even further at lower chamber pressure deposition due to a higher growth rate and increased adatom mobility during growth due to the larger molecular mean free path. Increased distance of target-to-substrate decreased the film density, increased film porosity and decreased conductivity, but increased optical transparency between 2 and 10 Pin. Post deposition heat treatment improves film conductivity when followed by rapid quenching, but degrades film conductivity when followed by slow cooling in air. Optical transparency degrades as electrical conductivity improves and vice versa. The temperature dependence of conductivity showed that the activation energy of electrical conductivity is lower for films rapidly quenched than for films that are slowly cooled following heat treatment. Rapid cooling of films from 375 degrees C to room temperature is postulated to increase the concentration of defects or induce a disordered charge distribution state that increases the concentration of polarons and lowers the activation energy for electrical conductivity. Slow cooling allows defects to anneal out, resulting in improved transparency across the infrared region but a lower electrical conductivity. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Mat, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Illinois, Ctr Microanal Mat, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Owings, RR (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, 325 Broadway,MS 818-03, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. EM owings@boulder.nist.gov NR 16 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 3 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0040-6090 J9 THIN SOLID FILMS JI Thin Solid Films PD JUL 1 PY 2005 VL 483 IS 1-2 BP 175 EP 184 DI 10.1016/j.tsf.2005.01.011 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 934BK UT WOS:000229681700030 ER PT J AU Lee, YJ AF Lee, YJ TI Effects of titanium liners prepared by ionized physical vapor deposition on source/drain series resistance SO THIN SOLID FILMS LA English DT Article DE plasma processing and deposition; sputtering; titanium; tungsten ID PLASMA; FILMS; CONTACT AB The source/drain series resistance of Ti liners of varying thickness deposited using ionized physical vapor deposition (IPVD) was investigated in the W plug process of high-density semiconductor devices. The contact resistance was measured using specially designed test structures, containing 1000 contacts in a chain, which were placed in the silicon streets between the dice on the wafer. The resistivity of 100-nm-thick Ti films was similar to 60 mu Omega cm and the stress was tensile irrespective of the alternating current plasma power. With increasing alternating current power, the stress of the films decreased slightly to similar to-2 x 10(9) dyn/cm(2). The step coverage was similar to 50% for IPVD and better for collimated PVD Ti. The contact resistance of 30-nm-thick Ti films deposited by IPVD on both P+ and N+ silicon was better than that of 20-nm-thick IPVD Ti films and 60-nm-thick collimated PVD Ti films. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Lee, YJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM yjlee2@lbl.gov NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0040-6090 J9 THIN SOLID FILMS JI Thin Solid Films PD JUL 1 PY 2005 VL 483 IS 1-2 BP 367 EP 371 DI 10.1016/j.tsf.2004.12.054 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 934BK UT WOS:000229681700059 ER PT J AU Diehnelt, CW Peterman, SM Budde, WL AF Diehnelt, CW Peterman, SM Budde, WL TI Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and accurate m/z measurements of cyclic peptide cyanobacteria toxins SO TRAC-TRENDS IN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE cyanobacteria; cyclic peptide; Fourier transform; ion cyclotron resonance; ion-fragmentation mechanism; LC-MS; LC-MS2; LC-MSn; linear ion trap; mass spectrometer ID HEPTAPEPTIDE HEPATOTOXINS; STRUCTURAL-CHARACTERIZATION; OSCILLATORIA-AGARDHII; MICROCYSTINS; NOSTOC; NODULARIN; WATER AB Microcystins are cyclic peptide hepatotoxins that are produced by several genera of cyanobacteria. We briefly review the molecular structural features of 67 reported cyclic heptapeptide microcystins and a related cyclic pentapeptide toxin. These substances present a significant analytical challenge because multiple toxins are often found in any given cyanobacteria or water sample, and it is likely that some structural variants have yet to be identified. We briefly describe a hybrid linear ion trap - Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (LT-FT-ICR) mass spectrometer equipped with a liquid chromatography (LC)/electrospray sample-introduction system. This instrument system was used to obtain LC/mass spectrometry (MS) data from the commercially available cyanobacteria toxins (microcystin-LR, -YR, -RR and nodularin). We review the electrospray mass spectra of these toxins and the significance of accurate m/z measurements of toxin precursor and product ions. We discuss the collision-induced dissociation of [M + H](+), [M + H](2+), and fragment ions in terms of ion-fragmentation pathways and mechanisms. The principal focus of this review is the potential for the efficient determination of microcystin structures with these MS techniques when no analytical standards are available or when new microcystin toxins are present in a sample. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. Thermo Electron Corp, Somerset, NJ 08873 USA. RP Budde, WL (reprint author), US EPA, 26 W Martin L King Jr Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM budde.william@epa.gov NR 27 TC 41 Z9 43 U1 2 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0165-9936 J9 TRAC-TREND ANAL CHEM JI Trac-Trends Anal. Chem. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 24 IS 7 BP 622 EP 634 DI 10.1016/j.trac.2005.04.013 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 958IE UT WOS:000231437100018 ER PT J AU Igathinathane, C Womac, AR Sokhansanj, S Pordesimo, LO AF Igathinathane, C Womac, AR Sokhansanj, S Pordesimo, LO TI Sorption equilibrium moisture characteristics of selected corn stover components SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASAE LA English DT Article DE bioenergy; biomass; corn; equilibrium; isotherms; moisture content; relative humidity; sorption; storage; stover ID ISOTHERMS; EQUATIONS; BIOMASS; WHEAT; RICE AB Corn stover equilibrium moisture isotherms were developed to aide biomass engineering of consistent, uniform-quality feedstock supplies for renewable bioenergy and bioproducts. Equilibrium moisture content (EMC) and equilibrium relative humidity (ERH) sorption data of corn leaf, stalk skin, and stalk pith were experimentally determined using the static gravimetric method at six temperatures ranging from 10 degrees C to 40 degrees C and at ten ERH values ranging from 0.11 to 0.98. The greatest EMC values for corn leaf and stalk pith generally corresponded with ERH below and above 0.90, respectively, at all temperatures. Only at some intermediate ERH range at 20 degrees C to 40 degrees C was stalk skin EMC greater than stalk pith EMC. Corn stover components followed a type II isotherm typically observed among food materials. EMC of all components was proportional to ERH and inversely proportional to temperature. Observed EMC ranges were 3.9% to 56.4%, 3.1% to 41.1%, and 2.7% to 71.5% dry basis (d.b.) for corn leaf, stalk skin, and stalk pith, respectively. Calculated whole-stalk EMC values ranged from 3.1% to 49.2% d.b. Isotherm data were fitted with the EMC model of Henderson, and modified versions of Henderson, Chung-Pfost, Halsey Oswin, and Guggenheim-Anderson-deBoer The modified Oswin model (R-2 > 0.98; F > 2085) followed by the modified Halsey model (R-2 > 0.97; F > 1758) produced the best fit for corn stover components studied. The Henderson, modified Henderson, and modified Chung-Pfost models were not suitable since these models did not produce randomized residuals. The modified Oswin model (R-2 = 0.99; F = 6274) best described the stalk EMC. Results have practical applications in corn stover collection method and timing; process handling, grinding, and drying requirements; transportation efficiency of dry matter; and necessary storage environment, shelf life, and potential microorganism safety hazards. For example, results indicated that higher EMC values for corn stover leaf may result in greater propensity for the onset of mold growth and may determine minimal storage requirements or potential advantages in separating leaf from stalk fractions. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Biosyst Engn & Environm Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. USDA ARS, Instrument & Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Womac, AR (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Biosyst Engn & Environm Sci, 2506 EJ Chapman Dr, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM aworriac@utk.edu OI Cannayen, Igathinathane/0000-0001-8884-7959 NR 33 TC 26 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0001-2351 J9 T ASAE JI Trans. ASAE PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 48 IS 4 BP 1449 EP 1460 PG 12 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 961KX UT WOS:000231662300016 ER PT J AU Sun, YW Lu, XJ AF Sun, YW Lu, XJ TI A screening model for evaluating the degradation and transport of MTBE and other fuel oxygenates in groundwater SO TRANSPORT IN POROUS MEDIA LA English DT Article DE solution; MTBE; reaction; degradation; transport; first-order decay ID MULTISPECIES TRANSPORT; BORDEN AQUIFER; BIODEGRADATION; ATTENUATION; SUBSURFACE AB Methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) has received high attention since it contributed to cleaner air but adversely contaminated thousands of underground storage tank sites. Because MTBE is very soluble in water, it is difficult to remove from solution by conventional remediation techniques, therefore, biodegradation of MTBE has become a remediation alternative. In order to understand the transport and transformation processes, in this paper, we present a closed form analytical solution, which can be applied as a screening tool. The possible reaction pathways of first-order reactions are described as a reaction matrix. The singular value decomposition is conducted analytically to decouple the partial differential equations of the multi-species transport system coupled by the reaction matrix into multiple independent subsystems. Therefore, the complexity of mathematical description for the reactive transport system is significantly reduced and the analytical expressions can be derived. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94660 USA. Calif State Univ Hayward, Hayward, CA 94542 USA. RP Sun, YW (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94660 USA. RI Sun, Yunwei/C-9751-2010 NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0169-3913 J9 TRANSPORT POROUS MED JI Transp. Porous Media PD JUL PY 2005 VL 60 IS 1 BP 75 EP 88 DI 10.1007/s11242-004-3552-2 PG 14 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 904PI UT WOS:000227509800004 ER PT J AU Evans, RD More, KL Darragh, CV Nixon, HP AF Evans, RD More, KL Darragh, CV Nixon, HP TI Transmission electron microscopy of boundary-lubricated bearing surfaces. Part II: Mineral oil lubricant with sulfur- and phosphorus-containing gear oil additives SO TRIBOLOGY TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Article DE tapered roller bearing; boundary lubrication; oxides; surface films; transmission electron microscopy (TEM); wear; additives ID X-RAY-ABSORPTION; ANTIWEAR FILM FORMATION; ROLLING-CONTACT FATIGUE; CHEMICAL-CHARACTERIZATION; CALCIUM SULFONATE; LINE-CONTACT; BASIC ZDDPS; STEEL; SPECTROSCOPY; ROUGHNESS AB Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was performed on cross-sectional samples of tapered roller bearing cone surfaces that were tested at two levels of local boundary lubrication severity, Lambda similar to 1.1 and 0.3. Unlike our previously reported work in which a base mineral oil was used, the bearing tests were conducted in mineral oil with sulfur- and phosphorus-containing gear oil additives. Structural and compositional characterization of undetached antiwear surface layers on the base steel (cone raceway) revealed that the films contained crystalline and amorphous regions. A sharp interface (< similar to 10 nm) that separated the surface layer and base steel was imaged. The surface layer for the cone tested at Lambda similar to 1.1 consisted of Fe, O, and P, whereas that for the cone tested at Lambda similar to 0.3 consisted of Fe, O, P C, Ca, and S Various TEM analytical techniques were used to study the segregation of these elements throughout the antiwear surface layer volume. C1 Timken Co, Canton, OH 44706 USA. Case Western Reserve Univ, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Timken Co, Canton, OH 44706 USA. RI More, Karren/A-8097-2016; OI More, Karren/0000-0001-5223-9097; Evans, Ryan/0000-0003-4549-8247 NR 28 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 11 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1040-2004 EI 1547-397X J9 TRIBOL T JI Tribol. Trans. PD JUL-SEP PY 2005 VL 48 IS 3 BP 299 EP 307 DI 10.1080/05698190590965602 PG 9 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 965EG UT WOS:000231932400004 ER PT J AU Blau, PJ Shaffer, SJ Ludema, KC Rainforth, WM Truhan, JJ Swanson, P Knapp, J AF Blau, PJ Shaffer, SJ Ludema, KC Rainforth, WM Truhan, JJ Swanson, P Knapp, J TI Special issue: 15th international conference on wear of materials - San Diego, USA, 24-28 April 2005 - Foreword SO WEAR LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Battelle Mem Inst, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Univ Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, S Yorkshire, England. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN USA. RP Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0043-1648 EI 1873-2577 J9 WEAR JI Wear PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 259 IS 1-6 SI SI BP 3 EP 3 DI 10.1016/j.wear.2005.05.004 PN 1 PG 1 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 943EJ UT WOS:000230334800002 ER PT J AU Blau, PJ Jolly, BC AF Blau, PJ Jolly, BC TI Wear of truck brake lining materials using three different test methods SO WEAR LA English DT Article DE brake linings; friction materials; cast iron; wear testing; transfer films AB Frictional stability and wear resistance are key performance requirements for heavy truck brake linings. Lining-counterface friction affects the rate of vehicle deceleration, but wear also affects stopping characteristics because uneven or high wear can alter the contact geometry of the lining, change the pattern of frictional heat generation, and degrade the response of the braking system. Inertia dynamometer wear tests are commonly conducted in the linings industry, but are expensive and time consuming. It is therefore of interest to seek more convenient, lower-cost test methods that still enable wear rates of various linings to be effectively differentiated. The purposes of the current study were to determine whether the wear of brake lining materials can be measured in shorter-term laboratory tests, and if so, to determine to what extent the relative ranking of several lining materials' wear resistance depends on the method of testing. To investigate these issues, three commercial truck brake lining materials were worn against gray cast iron using three different laboratory-scale wear testing machines. Assessments of wear by gravimetric methods and dimensional changes using the same test apparatus were compared. The three linings ranked in similar order in all three kinds of wear tests, but the relative differences between the wear of one lining and another differed among the test methods. Results are discussed in terms of what test conditions are required to simulate brake lining wear in trucks, and how in situ lining material aging and transfer film formation can affect the wear of brake lining materials. Differences in the entrapment of third-bodies entering the contact had an important influence on the wear results and an additional set of block-on-ring experiments was conducted to demonstrate that effect. Removing wear debris with a wiper pad altered the relative wear ranking of the three materials. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. E Tennessee State Univ, Johnson City, TN 37614 USA. RP Blau, PJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, POB 2008,M-S 6063, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM blaupj@ornl.gov NR 13 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0043-1648 J9 WEAR JI Wear PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 259 SI SI BP 1022 EP 1030 DI 10.1016/j.wear.2004.12.022 PN 2 PG 9 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 943QX UT WOS:000230370300030 ER PT J AU Qu, J Truhan, JJ Blau, PJ Meyer, HM AF Qu, J Truhan, JJ Blau, PJ Meyer, HM TI Scuffing transition diagrams for heavy duty diesel fuel injector materials in ultra low-sulfur fuel-lubricated environment SO WEAR LA English DT Article DE scuffing; transition diagram; scuffing detection; surface roughness; tribochemical film ID LOW-LUBRICITY FUELS; SLIDING WEAR; CONTACTS AB In order to meet stricter emissions requirements, advanced heavy duty diesel fuel injection systems will be required to resist scuffing at higher pressures, temperatures and in ultra low-sulfur fuels. Using a 3D friction-scuffing mapping technique, scuffing transition diagrams were generated for diesel fuel injector materials to exemplify the effects of surface finish and sliding velocity on scuffing characteristics in a fuel-lubricated environment. On-highway #2 diesel fuel and Jet A aviation fuel were selected as a baseline and a surrogate of ultra low-sulfur fuel, respectively. Two material combinations, self-mated AISI 52 100 steel and MgO partially stabilized zirconia (TTZ) against 52100 steel, were tested at three composite roughness levels. Scuffing generally initiated at the low-sliding-velocity stroke ends, which had the worst lubrication condition. Materials survived longer in the diesel fuel than in the aviation fuel. TTZ/steel showed higher scuffing resistance than steel/steel. Among the three roughness levels, self-mated steel exhibited best scuffing resistance at the intermediate level, while TTZ against steel seemed to favor the roughest level. Surface morphology examination (optical and scanning electron microscopy) and chemical analysis (energy dispersive spectroscopy and scanning auger microprobe) were conducted to investigate the wear modes and tribochemical film compositions. A mixture of abrasive wear, adhesive wear, and plastic deformation has been observed. The worn surfaces in #2 diesel fuel presented higher non-carbide carbon concentration and a thinner iron oxide-rich layer than those in Jet A fuel. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Qu, J (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, POB 2008,MS 6063, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM qujn@ornl.gov OI Qu, Jun/0000-0001-9466-3179 NR 20 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0043-1648 J9 WEAR JI Wear PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 259 SI SI BP 1031 EP 1040 DI 10.1016/j.wear.2005.02.019 PN 2 PG 10 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 943QX UT WOS:000230370300031 ER PT J AU Truhan, JJ Qu, J Blau, PJ AF Truhan, JJ Qu, J Blau, PJ TI The effect of lubricating oil condition on the friction and wear of piston ring and cylinder liner materials in a reciprocating bench test SO WEAR LA English DT Article DE piston ring; cylinder liner; oil condition AB A test method has been developed to evaluate the friction and wear behavior of candidate piston ring and cylinder liner materials for heavy-duty diesel engine applications. Oil condition and its effects are important aspects of this test method and are the focus of this work. The test uses actual piston ring segments sliding on flat specimens of liner material to simplify alignment and to multiply the stress to the level normally seen in engine operation. Reciprocating tests were conducted at 10 Hz and 10 mm stroke at 100 degrees C. Test oils consisted of fully formulated lubricating oils that were conditioned in ASTM standard engine tests. The point contact between the ring segment and flat counter-face, the applied load and elevated temperature, all result in boundary lubrication, which simulates the environment near top-ring-reversal. The oil condition was defined by variables, such as spectroscopic elemental concentrations, soot level, oxidation, and contaminant particle concentration. Compared with engine-measured wear rates, ring wear was magnified by at least an order of magnitude and the liner by about 1.5-2 orders of magnitude as needed for an accelerated test. However, the basic wear mechanism, abrasive wear, was the same as in the engine. The soot concentration also had a strong effect on liner wear but no effect on ring wear. The oil viscosity has a mild effect on the friction at high load in boundary lubrication conditions. The viscosity of the conditioned oils tested here was related to the soot content rather than the oxidation levels. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Truhan, JJ (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM truhanjjjr@ornl.gov OI Qu, Jun/0000-0001-9466-3179 NR 10 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0043-1648 J9 WEAR JI Wear PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 259 SI SI BP 1048 EP 1055 DI 10.1016/j.wear.2005.01.025 PN 2 PG 8 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 943QX UT WOS:000230370300033 ER PT J AU Lin, HT Brady, MP Richards, RK Layton, DM AF Lin, HT Brady, MP Richards, RK Layton, DM TI Characterization of erosion and failure processes of spark plugs after field service in natural gas engines SO WEAR LA English DT Article DE spark plug; natural gas reciprocating engine; Ir electrode; Pt electrode; erosion ID IRIDIUM AB Microstructural and optical spectroscopic analyses were carried out on as-received and used spark plugs after field service in natural gas (NG) reciprocating engines. The objective of this work was to examine the corrosion and erosion mechanisms of natural gas engine spark plug as well as identify the primary life limiting processes during field operation. The optical emission spectroscopic analysis showed a strong Ca signal in the exposed spark plugs and scanning electron microscopy showed substantial formation of Ca-enriched glassy oxide phase(s) on the electrode surfaces. In addition, intergranular cracking was observed in the subsurface region of both iridium (Ir) and platinum-tungsten (Pt-W) alloy electrode insert tips. The coalescence and subsequent growth of these cracks would accelerate the wear of the electrodes and shorten the lifetime of the spark plugs. Also, extensive internal oxidation and subsequent crack generation occurred along the interface between Ni-base alloy electrode and Pt-W alloy tip insert during field service, which would result in substantial degradation in the ignitability and performance of the electrodes, and thus spark plug failure. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Engn Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Lin, HT (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM linh@ornl.gov RI Brady, Michael/A-8122-2008 OI Brady, Michael/0000-0003-1338-4747 NR 8 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0043-1648 J9 WEAR JI Wear PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 259 SI SI BP 1063 EP 1067 DI 10.1016/j.wear.2005.01.042 PN 2 PG 5 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 943QX UT WOS:000230370300035 ER PT J AU Truhan, JJ Menon, R Blau, PJ AF Truhan, JJ Menon, R Blau, PJ TI The evaluation of various cladding materials for down-hole drilling applications using the pin-on-disk test SO WEAR LA English DT Article DE drilling; claddings; friction coefficient; slurry AB Eleven different hard-face claddings were evaluated for banding deep-hole drilling shafts to minimize friction and wear with the well casings. Friction forces were measured using 4140 pins on disks clad with both current commercial alloys and several developmental alloys. These were lubricated with simulated "mud" slurry consisting of bentonite clay and silica powder mixed in water. Loads and speeds were varied to determine the sensitivity of friction with operating conditions. The friction coefficients varied between 0.3 and 0.4 for all cases. Although the range is relatively narrow, differences of this magnitude could still be important in reducing the energy required to drill. Higher rotational speeds resulted in slightly lower friction coefficients, but the effect of loads between 2 and 5 N were not significant. The results were also evaluated with respect to alloy composition, oxide film composition, surface hardness and surface roughness, all variables which could have an effect on the friction coefficient. The lower alloy content iron based compositions seemed to produce lower friction coefficients, possibly due to the production of iron oxide flakes which could act as a solid lubricant. Although the hardness of the claddings varied over a wide range, there was no apparent relationship to friction as was also the case for the surface roughness. The microstructures of higher friction claddings had finer and more homogeneous features than lower friction claddings. (c) 2005 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Univ Tennessee, Ctr Mat Proc, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Stoody Co, Bowling Green, KY USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Truhan, JJ (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Ctr Mat Proc, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM truhanjjjr@ornl.gov NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0043-1648 J9 WEAR JI Wear PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 259 SI SI BP 1308 EP 1313 DI 10.1016/j.wear.2005.02.073 PN 2 PG 6 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 943QX UT WOS:000230370300064 ER PT J AU Doyle, BL Walsh, DS Kotula, PG Rossi, P Schulein, T Rohde, M AF Doyle, BL Walsh, DS Kotula, PG Rossi, P Schulein, T Rohde, M TI An annular Si drift detector mu PIXE system using AXSIA analysis SO X-RAY SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th PIXE Conference CY JUN 04-08, 2004 CL Portoroz, SLOVENIA ID IMAGES AB Sandia and Rontec have developed an annular, 12-element, 60 mm(2), Peltier-cooled, translatable, silicon drift detector called the SDD-12. The body of the SDD-12 is only 22.8 mm in total thickness and easily fits between the sample and the upstream wall of the Sandia microbeam chamber. At a working distance of 1 mm, the solid angle is 1.09 sr. The energy resolution is 170 eV at count rates < 40 kcps and 200 eV for rates of 1 Mcps. X-ray count rates must be maintained below 50 kcps when protons are allowed to strike the full area of the SDD. Another innovation with this new mu PIXE system is that the data are analyzed using Sandia's Automated eXpert Spectral Image Analysis (AXSIA). Copyright (c) 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Rontec GmbH, Berlin, Germany. RP Doyle, BL (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,MS 1056, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM bldoyle@sandia.gov RI Kotula, Paul/A-7657-2011 OI Kotula, Paul/0000-0002-7521-2759 NR 9 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0049-8246 J9 X-RAY SPECTROM JI X-Ray Spectrom. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 34 IS 4 BP 279 EP 284 DI 10.1002/xrs.840 PG 6 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA 945KG UT WOS:000230500800004 ER PT J AU Canfield, HE Wilson, CJ Lane, LJ Crowell, KJ Thomas, WA AF Canfield, HE Wilson, CJ Lane, LJ Crowell, KJ Thomas, WA TI Modeling scour and deposition in ephemeral channels after wildfire SO CATENA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the Soil-Erosion-Network CY NOV 17-19, 2003 CL Tucson, AZ SP Soil Eros Network DE wildfire; erosion; sediment transport modeling; scour; deposition ID SEDIMENT; EROSION; DISTURBANCE; TIME AB The area burned by wildfire in the states of Arizona and New Mexico in the southwestern US has been increasing in recent years. In many cases, high severity bums have caused dramatic increases in runoff and sediment yield from burned watersheds. This paper describes the potential and limitations of the HEC6T sediment transport model to describe changes in channel scour and deposition following the Cerro Grande fire near Los Alamos, New Mexico. Following the fire, Pueblo Canyon, near Los Alamos, was subject to a peak flow two orders of magnitudes higher than any discharge in the 7-year period of record, and twice the initial post-fire estimate of the 100-year event. HEC6T requires that the limits of scour and deposition on a cross-section be specified prior to application. This was achieved by using geomorphologic principles, predicted post-bum hydrology and long-term estimates of channel change derived from air photos, to estimate post-fire channel widths. Because significant quantities of silt and clay were present in the runoff, erosion shear stress and erosion rate parameters for cohesive sediments had to be obtained experimentally. After a sensitivity analysis, an optimization routine was used to estimate the optimal model parameter values for sensitive parameters. HEC6T was able to accurately model the change in cumulative sediment volume change derived from Airborne Laser Swath Mapping (ALSM, often called Lidar) taken before and after the large post-fire event. One discrepancy between the HEC6T model prediction and the ALSM-estimated change was that the ALSM-estimated change showed the greatest amount of deposition in a portion of the canyon with increasing slope, which the HEC6T model did not predict.Any sediment transport model will predict increased sediment transport capacity with increasing energy slope, so that it was considered to be beyond the capability of any sediment transport model to predict this deposition. Therefore, HEC6T simulated the overall changes in scour and deposition within reasonable expectation of the capabilities of physically-based sediment transport modeling indicating that it is capable of modeling sediment transport in ephemeral channels following wildfire. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V All rights reserved. C1 USDA ARS, SW Watershed Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, EES 2, Atmospher Climate & Environm Dynam, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Mobile Boundary Hydraul, Clinton, MS 39056 USA. RP Canfield, HE (reprint author), USDA ARS, SW Watershed Res Ctr, 2000 E Allen Rd, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. EM ecanfield@tucson.ars.ag.gov NR 40 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0341-8162 J9 CATENA JI Catena PD JUN 30 PY 2005 VL 61 IS 2-3 BP 273 EP 291 DI 10.1016/j.catena.2005.03.013 PG 19 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Geology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 942QT UT WOS:000230297600013 ER PT J AU Steckel, JA AF Steckel, JA TI Ab initio modelling of neutral and cationic Hg-benzene complexes SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MERCURY-PHOTOSENSITIZED REACTIONS; GROUND-STATE PROPERTIES; ABINITIO PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; ARENES; DIMER; ELECTRON; ELEMENTS AB The interactions of Hg with benzene, thiophene and furan are studied by means of coupled cluster and second order Moller-Plesset perturbation theory (MP2) calculations. Hg forms Mulliken outer pi complexes with benzene, furan and thiophene, with binding energies of -0.15, -0.13 and -0.13 eV, respectively. The (Hg-benzene)(+) complex has a minimum energy structure in the form of a pi(eta(2)) complex with a binding energy of -2.18 eV. A low-energy (3)(Hg-benzene) complex with a binding energy of -1.34 eV has been identified. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. Parsons Project Serv Inc, South Pk, PA 15129 USA. RP US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, POB 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. EM steckel@netf.doe.gov NR 35 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 EI 1873-4448 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 30 PY 2005 VL 409 IS 4-6 BP 322 EP 330 DI 10.1016/j.cplett.2005.03.124 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 941NL UT WOS:000230221400032 ER PT J AU Rickert, DE Dingley, K Ubick, E Dix, KJ Molina, L AF Rickert, DE Dingley, K Ubick, E Dix, KJ Molina, L TI Determination of the tissue distribution and excretion by accelerator mass spectrometry of the nonadecapeptide C-14-Moli1901 in beagle dogs after intratracheal instillation SO CHEMICO-BIOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS LA English DT Article DE accelerator mass spectrometry; cystic fibrosis; Moli1901; dog; distribution; pharmacokinetics ID BIOCHEMICAL SAMPLES; DURAMYCIN; PEPTIDE; PHOSPHATIDYLETHANOLAMINE; MEMBRANES; GRAPHITE AB Moli1901 is a 19 residue polycyclic peptide antibiotic which increases chloride transport and water mobilization in airway epithelium. These properties suggest that it may be a useful treatment for cystic fibrosis (CF). In this study, we used accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) to quantify Moli1901 following administration of only 0.045 mu Ci of C-14-Molilgol per dog. Limits of quantitation of AMS were 0.03 (urine) to 0.3 (feces) ng equiv. Moli 1901/g. Administration of C-14-Moli 1901 by intratracheal instillation (approximately 100 mu g) into the left cranial lobe of the lung of beagle dogs resulted in retention of 64% of the dose in the left cranial lobe for up to 28 days. Whole blood and plasma concentrations of C-14 were < 5 ng/ml at all times after the dose. Concentrations of 14C in whole blood and plasma declined over the first day after the dose and rose thereafter, with the rise in plasma concentrations lagging behind those in whole blood. During the first 3 days after the dose, plasma accounted for the majority of C-14 in whole blood, but after that time, plasma accounted for only 25-30% of the 14C in whole blood. Tissue (left and right caudal lung lobe, liver, kidney, spleen, brain) and bile concentrations were low, always less than 0.25% the concentrations found in the left cranial lung lobe. Approximately 13% of the dose was eliminated in urine and feces in 28 days, with fecal elimination accounting for about 10% of the dose. The data presented here are consistent with that obtained in other species. Moli1901 is slowly absorbed and excreted from the lung, and it does not accumulate in other tissues. MoH1901 is currently in the clinic and has proven to be safe in single dose studies in human volunteers and cystic fibrosis patients by the inhalation route. No information on the disposition of the compound in humans is available. This study in dogs demonstrates the feasibility of obtaining that information using C-14-Moli 1901 and AMS. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Lantibio Inc, Chapel Hill, NC 27517 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Lovelace Resp Res Inst, Albuquerque, NM 87108 USA. RP Molina, L (reprint author), Lantibio Inc, Chapel Hill, NC 27517 USA. EM lmolina@lantibio.com FU NCRR NIH HHS [P41 RR13461] NR 20 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0009-2797 J9 CHEM-BIOL INTERACT JI Chem.-Biol. Interact. PD JUN 30 PY 2005 VL 155 IS 1-2 BP 55 EP 61 DI 10.1016/j.cbi.2005.04.002 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 948ZC UT WOS:000230753200006 PM 15893299 ER PT J AU Sandi, G Kizilel, R Carrado, KA Fernandez-Saavedra, R Castagnola, N AF Sandi, G Kizilel, R Carrado, KA Fernandez-Saavedra, R Castagnola, N TI Effect of the silica precursor on the conductivity of hectorite-derived polymer nanocomposites SO ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Symposium on Polymer Electrolytes (ISPE-9) CY AUG 22-27, 2004 CL Mragowo, POLAND DE polymer nanocomposite membranes; sol particle effect; lithium transference numbers; ionic conductivity ID POLY(ETHYLENE OXIDE); BATTERY APPLICATIONS; CLAY-MINERALS; ELECTROLYTES; INTERCALATION; TRANSPORT; FILLER AB New hectorite and organo-hectorite clays have been prepared using different silica sol sources, in order to examine the importance of sol particle size, pH, and surface chemistry on the final matrix. Polymer-clay nanocomposites (PCN) are prepared by intercalating polyethylene oxide in the clay layers of lithium hectorites. The resulting films are physically and electrochemically evaluated. Conductivity values, activation energies, and lithium transference numbers indicate that the PCNs are single ion conductors with transference numbers close to unity. The activation energies are in the range of 0.02 V, two orders of magnitude lower than the conventional polymer electrolytes. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. IIT, Dept Environm Chem & Engn, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. CSIC, Inst Ciencia Mat Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. RP Sandi, G (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM gsandi@anl.gov NR 28 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0013-4686 J9 ELECTROCHIM ACTA JI Electrochim. Acta PD JUN 30 PY 2005 VL 50 IS 19 BP 3891 EP 3896 DI 10.1016/j.electacta.2005.02.040 PG 6 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA 940ZJ UT WOS:000230184100017 ER PT J AU Streets, DG Aunan, K AF Streets, DG Aunan, K TI The importance of China's household sector for black carbon emissions SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; CLIMATE; AEROSOLS; TRENDS; OZONE AB The combustion of coal and biofuels in Chinese households is a large source of black carbon ( BC), representing about 10-15% of total global emissions during the past two decades, depending on the year. How the Chinese household sector develops during the next 50 years will have an important bearing on future aerosol concentrations, because the range of possible outcomes ( about 550 Gg yr(-1)) is greater than total BC emissions in either the United States or Europe ( each about 400-500 Gg yr(-1)). In some Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change scenarios biofuels persist in rural China for at least the next 50 years, whereas in other scenarios a transition to cleaner fuels and technologies effectively mitigates BC emissions. This paper discusses measures and policies that would help this transition and also raises the possibility of including BC emission reductions as a post-Kyoto option for China and other developing countries. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Decis & Informat Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. CICERO, N-0318 Oslo, Norway. RP Argonne Natl Lab, Decis & Informat Sci Div, DIS-900,9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM dstreets@anl.gov OI Streets, David/0000-0002-0223-1350 NR 26 TC 25 Z9 27 U1 4 U2 12 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JUN 30 PY 2005 VL 32 IS 12 AR L12708 DI 10.1029/2005GL022960 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 945CR UT WOS:000230479900007 ER PT J AU Bauer, JM AF Bauer, JM CA BABAR Collaboration TI Radiative penguin decays of B mesons: Measurements of B -> K*gamma, B -> K-2(*)(1430)gamma, and search for B-o -> phi gamma SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the Division of Particles and Fields of the American-Physical-Society CY AUG 26-31, 2004 CL Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, Div Particles & Fields HO Univ Calif Riverside DE radiative penguin; rare decay; B meson; K*gamma; K*(1430)gamma; phi gamma ID DETECTOR AB Electromagnetic radiative penguin decays of the B meson were studied with the BABAR detector at SLAC's PEP-II asymmetric-energy B Factory. Branching fractions and isospin asymmetry of the decay B -> K*gamma, branching fractions of B -> K-2*(1430)gamma, and a search for B-0->phi gamma are presented. The decay rates may be enhanced by contributions from non-standard model processes. C1 Univ Mississippi, Dept Phys & Astron, University, MS 38677 USA. RP Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, MS 61,POB 20450, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0217-751X EI 1793-656X J9 INT J MOD PHYS A JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. A PD JUN 30 PY 2005 VL 20 IS 16 BP 3621 EP 3623 DI 10.1142/S0217751X05027126 PG 3 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 957LC UT WOS:000231370300011 ER PT J AU Fang, HC AF Fang, HC CA CDF II collaboration TI Moments of the hadronic mass distribution in semileptonic B meson decays SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the Division of Particles and Fields of the American-Physical-Society CY AUG 26-31, 2004 CL Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, Div Particles & Fields HO Univ Calif Riverside AB We present a measurement of the first and second moments of the squared-mass distribution of charm hadrons in semileptonic decays of B mesons based on similar to 180 pb(-1) of data taken with the CDF II detector at the Fermilab Tevatron. For a minimum lepton momentum of 0.7 GeV/c in the B meson rest frame, we measure the first two moments of the D**-> D((*))pi component to be < m(D)(**)(2)> = (5.83 +/- 0.16(stat) +/- 0.08(syst)) (GeV/c(2))(2) and <(m(D**)(2) - < m(D**)(2)>)(2)> = (1.30 +/- 0.69(stat) +/- 0.22(syst)) (GeV/c(2))(4). Combining these values with known contributions from the D and D* components, we obtain the overall charm hadron moments < M-Xc(2)>-m((D) over bar)(2) = (0.467 +/- 0.038(stat) +/- 0.019(syst) +/- 0.065(BR))(GeV/c(2))(2) and <(M-Xc(2-) < M-Xc(2)>)(2)> = (1.05 +/- 0.26(stat) +/- 0.08(exp) +/- 0.10(BR)) (GeV/c(2))(4) where m((D) over bar) is the spin-averaged D meson mass and the subscript "BR" denotes the uncertainty from the branching ratios used to combine the D, D* and D** components. From these moments we also determine the non-perturbative Heavy Quark Effective Theory parameters A and lambda(1) in the pole and 1S mass schemes. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM hcfang@lbl.gov NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0217-751X EI 1793-656X J9 INT J MOD PHYS A JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. A PD JUN 30 PY 2005 VL 20 IS 16 BP 3657 EP 3659 DI 10.1142/S0217751X05027229 PG 3 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 957LC UT WOS:000231370300021 ER PT J AU Dingfelder, J AF Dingfelder, J CA BABA Collaboration TI Determination of [V-ub] from tagged and untagged B(B)over-bar events with the BABAR detector SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the Division of Particles and Fields of the American-Physical-Society CY AUG 26-31, 2004 CL Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, Div Particles & Fields HO Univ Calif Riverside DE V-ub; B meson; BABAR AB Measurements of charmless semileptonic B-meson decays and the CKM matrix element vertical bar V-ub vertical bar are reported based on a sample of 88 million B (B) over bar events recorded with the BABAR detector. Decays B -> X(u)lv are selected from both tagged and untagged B (B) over bar events and separated from the dominant charm background, B -> X(c)lv, using different kinematic variables: the lepton momentum E-l, the squared four-momentum transfer q(2), and the hadronic mass m(X). The extrapolation to the total decay rate to determine vertical bar V-ub vertical bar is performed for different theoretical models. We have also measured branching ratios for the exclusive semileptonic decays B -> pi(rho, omega, eta, eta', a(0))l nu, where a high signal purity is reached by fully or partially reconstructing the second B(.)meson. C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0217-751X EI 1793-656X J9 INT J MOD PHYS A JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. A PD JUN 30 PY 2005 VL 20 IS 16 BP 3707 EP 3711 DI 10.1142/S0217751X05027382 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 957LC UT WOS:000231370300037 ER PT J AU Berger-Hryn'ova, T AF Berger-Hryn'ova, T CA BABAR Collaboration TI A study of B+ -> p(p)over-barK(+) and a search for a circle dot(*++) pentaquark candidate in B decay SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the Division of Particles and Fields of the American-Physical-Society CY AUG 26-31, 2004 CL Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, Div Particles & Fields HO Univ Calif Riverside DE B decay; baryonic; pentaquark AB A study of the decay B+ -> ppK(+) is performed using 81 fb(-1) of data collected at the Y(4S) with the BABAR detector at PEP-II. The branching fraction of B+ -> ppK(+) is measured to be (6.7 +/- 0.9 +/- 0.6) x 10(-6). An upper limit on the branching fraction of B+ -> theta*(++)p, where theta*(++) is a narrow state decaying to pK(+), is set to be 1.5 x 10(-7) for 1.43 < m(theta*(++)) < 1.85GeV/c(2) at 90% confidence level. All results axe preliminary. C1 SLAC, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP SLAC, MS 61,2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0217-751X EI 1793-656X J9 INT J MOD PHYS A JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. A PD JUN 30 PY 2005 VL 20 IS 16 BP 3749 EP 3752 DI 10.1142/S0217751X05027503 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 957LC UT WOS:000231370300049 ER PT J AU Berger, EL Qiu, JW Wang, YL AF Berger, EL Qiu, JW Wang, YL TI Upsilon transverse momentum at hadron colliders SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the Division of Particles and Fields of the American-Physical-Society CY AUG 26-31, 2004 CL Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, Div Particles & Fields HO Univ Calif Riverside DE heavy quarkonium; QCD resummation; perturbative QCD AB We predict the shape of the transverse momentum p(T) spectrum of Y production. The distribution at low p(T) is dominated by the region of small impact parameter b and may be computed reliably in perturbation theory We resum to all orders in the strong coupling a. the process-independent large logarithmic contributions that arise from initial-state gluon showers in the Small p(T)(<= M-Y) region. The cross section at large p(T) is represented by the O(alpha(3)(3)) lowest-order non-vanishing perturbative contribution. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM berger@anl.gov; jwq@iastate.edu; yiliwa@iastate.edu NR 6 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0217-751X EI 1793-656X J9 INT J MOD PHYS A JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. A PD JUN 30 PY 2005 VL 20 IS 16 BP 3753 EP 3755 DI 10.1142/S0217751X05027515 PG 3 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 957LC UT WOS:000231370300050 ER PT J AU Tzanov, M Adams, T Alton, A Avvakumov, S de Barbaro, L de Barbaro, P Bernstein, RH Bodek, A Bolton, T Boyd, S Brau, J Buchholz, D Budd, H Bugel, L Conrad, J Drucker, RB Fleming, BT Formaggio, J Frey, R Goldman, J Goncharov, M Harris, DA Kim, JH Koutsoliotas, S Johnson, RA Lamm, MJ Marsh, W Mason, D McFarland, KS McNulty, C Naples, D Nienaber, P Radescu, V Romosan, A Sakumoto, WK Schellman, S Shaevitz, MH Spentzouris, P Stern, EG Suwonjandee, N Tobien, N Vaitaitis, A Vakili, M Yang, UK Yu, J Zeller, GP Zimmerman, ED AF Tzanov, M Adams, T Alton, A Avvakumov, S de Barbaro, L de Barbaro, P Bernstein, RH Bodek, A Bolton, T Boyd, S Brau, J Buchholz, D Budd, H Bugel, L Conrad, J Drucker, RB Fleming, BT Formaggio, J Frey, R Goldman, J Goncharov, M Harris, DA Kim, JH Koutsoliotas, S Johnson, RA Lamm, MJ Marsh, W Mason, D McFarland, KS McNulty, C Naples, D Nienaber, P Radescu, V Romosan, A Sakumoto, WK Schellman, S Shaevitz, MH Spentzouris, P Stern, EG Suwonjandee, N Tobien, N Vaitaitis, A Vakili, M Yang, UK Yu, J Zeller, GP Zimmerman, ED CA NuTeV Collaboration TI NuTeV structure function measurement SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the Division of Particles and Fields of the American-Physical-Society CY AUG 26-31, 2004 CL Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, Div Particles & Fields HO Univ Calif Riverside DE nutev; structure function ID CROSS-SECTIONS AB The NuTeV experiment obtained high statistics samples of neutrino and antineutrino charged current events during the 1996-1997 Fermilab fixed target run. The experiment combines sign-selected neutrino and antineutrino beams and the upgraded CCFR iron-scintillator neutrino detector. A precision continuous calibration beam was used to determine the muon and hadron energy scales to a precision of 0.7% and 0.43% respectively. The structure functions F-2(x,Q(2)) and xF(3)(x, Q(2)) obtained by fitting the y-dependence of the sum and the difference of the v and v differential cross sections, are presented. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Columbia Univ, New York, NY USA. Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL USA. Univ Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. RP Tzanov, M (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RI Frey, Raymond/E-2830-2016; OI Frey, Raymond/0000-0003-0341-2636; Bernstein, Robert/0000-0002-7610-950X NR 9 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0217-751X J9 INT J MOD PHYS A JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. A PD JUN 30 PY 2005 VL 20 IS 16 BP 3759 EP 3761 DI 10.1142/S0217751X05027539 PG 3 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 957LC UT WOS:000231370300052 ER PT J AU Vitev, I AF Vitev, I TI Probing the phases of QCD in ultra-relativistic nuclear collisions SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the Division of Particles and Fields of the American-Physical-Society CY AUG 26-31, 2004 CL Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, Div Particles & Fields HO Univ Calif Riverside DE relativistic heavy ions; soft hadrons and thermalization; perturbative QCD; coherent power corrections; non-Abelian energy loss ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; ENERGY-LOSS; MATTER; AU AB The status of RHIC theory and phenomenology is reviewed with an emphasis on the indications for the creation of a new deconfined state of matter. The critical role of high energy nuclear physics in the development of theoretical tools that address various aspects of the QCD many body dynamics is highlighted. The perspectives for studying, nuclear matter under even more extreme conditions at the LHC and the overlap with high energy physics is discussed. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Div Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Vitev, I (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theory, Mail Stop H846, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 42 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0217-751X J9 INT J MOD PHYS A JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. A PD JUN 30 PY 2005 VL 20 IS 16 BP 3777 EP 3782 DI 10.1142/S0217751X0502759X PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 957LC UT WOS:000231370300058 ER PT J AU Xu, ZB AF Xu, ZB CA STAR Collaboration TI pi(+/-) spectra in Au plus Au collisions at root S-NN=62.4 GeV SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the Division of Particles and Fields of the American-Physical-Society CY AUG 26-31, 2004 CL Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, Div Particles & Fields HO Univ Calif Riverside DE dE/dx; particle identification; jet quenching; nuclear modification factor AB The combination of the ionization energy loss (dE/dx) from Time Projection Chamber (TPC) at similar or equal to 8% resolution and multi-gap resistive plate chamber time-of-flight (TOF) at 85ps provides powerful particle identification. We present spectra of identified charged pions from transverse momentum p(T) similar or equal to 0.2 GeV/c to 7-8 GeV/c in Au+Au collisions at root s(NN) = 62.4 GeV. Physics implications will be discussed. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Xu, ZB (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0217-751X J9 INT J MOD PHYS A JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. A PD JUN 30 PY 2005 VL 20 IS 16 BP 3783 EP 3785 DI 10.1142/S0217751X05027606 PG 3 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 957LC UT WOS:000231370300059 ER PT J AU Kaczmarek, O Karsch, F Petreczky, P Zantow, F AF Kaczmarek, O Karsch, F Petreczky, P Zantow, F TI The QGP phase and the coupling SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the Division of Particles and Fields of the American-Physical-Society CY AUG 26-31, 2004 CL Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, Div Particles & Fields HO Univ Calif Riverside ID LOOP C1 Univ Bielefeld, Fak Phys, D-33501 Bielefeld, Germany. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Kaczmarek, O (reprint author), Univ Bielefeld, Fak Phys, D-33501 Bielefeld, Germany. RI Kaczmarek, Olaf/E-9932-2011 NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0217-751X J9 INT J MOD PHYS A JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. A PD JUN 30 PY 2005 VL 20 IS 16 BP 3789 EP 3791 DI 10.1142/S0217751X0502762X PG 3 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 957LC UT WOS:000231370300061 ER PT J AU Lujan, P AF Lujan, P CA CDF Run IIb Collaboration TI Design, preproduction, and performance of the CDF Run IIb silicon detector SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the Division of Particles and Fields of the American-Physical-Society CY AUG 26-31, 2004 CL Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, Div Particles & Fields HO Univ Calif Riverside DE CDF Run IIb; SVX4; stave; supermodule; silicon tracker AB A new silicon detector was designed by the CDF collaboration for Run IIb of the Tevatron at Fermilab. The main building block of the new detector is a "supermodule" or "stave", an innovative, compact and lightweight structure of several readout hybrids and sensors with a bus cable running directly underneath the sensors to carry power, data, and control signals to and from the hybrids. The hybrids use a new, radiation-hard readout chip the SVX4 chip. A number of SVX4 chips, readout hybrids, sensors, and supermodules were produced and tested in preproduction. The performance (including radiation-hardness) and yield of these components met or exceeded all design goals. The detector design goals, solutions, and performance results are presented. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM pjlujan@lbl.gov NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0217-751X EI 1793-656X J9 INT J MOD PHYS A JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. A PD JUN 30 PY 2005 VL 20 IS 16 BP 3811 EP 3814 DI 10.1142/S0217751X05027692 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 957LC UT WOS:000231370300068 ER PT J AU Drake, G Repond, J Underwood, D Wicklund, AB Xia, L AF Drake, G Repond, J Underwood, D Wicklund, AB Xia, L TI A digital hadron calorimeter with resistive plate chambers for the Linear Collider SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the Division of Particles and Fields of the American-Physical-Society CY AUG 26-31, 2004 CL Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, Div Particles & Fields HO Univ Calif Riverside DE calorimetry; Linear Collider; resistive plate chamber; Particle Flow AB We report on the development of a digital hadron calorimeter for the future International Linear Collider. Te calorimeter is of the sandwich type with iron absorber plates and resistive plate chamber as active medium. The readout pads are very finely segmented, with an axes. of 1 cm(2), and are being read out digitally. We present the design, construction and testing of various prototype chambers as well as the development of a readout system capable of handling a large number of channels. We plan to construct a 1 m(3) prototype section of the calorimeter containing approximately 400,000 channels. The section will undergo testing in various particle beams. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, HEP Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Drake, G (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, HEP Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0217-751X J9 INT J MOD PHYS A JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. A PD JUN 30 PY 2005 VL 20 IS 16 BP 3830 EP 3833 DI 10.1142/S0217751X05027746 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 957LC UT WOS:000231370300073 ER PT J AU Summers, DJ Bracker, SB Cremaldi, LM Godang, R Cline, DB Garren, AA Hanson, GG Klier, A Kahn, SA Kirk, HG Palmer, RB AF Summers, DJ Bracker, SB Cremaldi, LM Godang, R Cline, DB Garren, AA Hanson, GG Klier, A Kahn, SA Kirk, HG Palmer, RB TI 6D ionization muon cooling with tabletop rings SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the Division of Particles and Fields of the American-Physical-Society CY AUG 26-31, 2004 CL Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, Div Particles & Fields HO Univ Calif Riverside DE beam cooling; cyclotron; muon; black hole ID NONLINEAR ACCELERATION; MU(+)MU(-) COLLIDERS; CYCLOTRON TRAP; KEV ENERGIES; FIXED RF; BEAM; ANTICYCLOTRON; ANTIPROTONS; PHYSICS; COOLER AB Progress on six dimensional ionization muon cooling with relatively small rings of magnets is described. Lattices being explored include scaling sector cyclotrons with edge focusing and strong focusing, fixed field alternating gradient (FFAG) rings. Ionization cooling is provided by high pressure hydrogen gas which removes both transverse and longitudinal momentum. Lost longitudinal momentum is replaced using radio frequency (RF) cavities, giving a net transverse emittance reduction. The longer path length in the hydrogen of higher momentum muons decreases longitudinal emittance at the expense of transverse emittance. Thus emittance exchange allows these rings to cool in all six dimensions and not just transversely. Alternatively, if the RF is located after the ring, it may be possible to cool the muons by stopping them as they spiral adiabatically into a central swarm. As p -> 0, Delta p -> 0. The resulting cooled muons can lead to an intense muon beam which could be a source for neutrino factories or muon colliders. C1 Univ Mississippi Univ Oxford, Dept Phys & Astron, University, MS 38677 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Phys, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Univ Mississippi Univ Oxford, Dept Phys & Astron, University, MS 38677 USA. EM summers@phy.olemiss.edu NR 80 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0217-751X EI 1793-656X J9 INT J MOD PHYS A JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. A PD JUN 30 PY 2005 VL 20 IS 16 BP 3851 EP 3856 DI 10.1142/S0217751X05027795 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 957LC UT WOS:000231370300078 ER PT J AU Fukui, Y Cline, DB Garren, AA Kirk, HG AF Fukui, Y Cline, DB Garren, AA Kirk, HG TI A muon cooling ring with Lithium lenses SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the Division of Particles and Fields of the American-Physical-Society CY AUG 26-31, 2004 CL Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, Div Particles & Fields HO Univ Calif Riverside AB We discuss particle tracking simulations in a storage ring with Lithium lens inserts designed for the transverse phase space cooling of muons by the ionization cooling. In a hard-edged magnetic element model, we demonstrate the equilibrium normalized transverse emittance of 0.3 mm*rad which is necessary for a Higgs Factory, a low energy mu+mu- Collider. For the 6 dimensional phase spare cooling of muons, a method of using bent Lithium lenses were discussed. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Fukui, Y (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. EM fukui@slac.stanford.edu NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0217-751X J9 INT J MOD PHYS A JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. A PD JUN 30 PY 2005 VL 20 IS 16 BP 3857 EP 3860 DI 10.1142/S0217751X05027801 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 957LC UT WOS:000231370300079 ER PT J AU Hamilton, JA Luitz, S AF Hamilton, JA Luitz, S CA BaBar Computing Grp TI A new scalable multi-node event logging system for BaBar SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the Division of Particles and Fields of the American-Physical-Society CY AUG 26-31, 2004 CL Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, Div Particles & Fields HO Univ Calif Riverside DE events; logging; scalability AB The BaBar experiment is currently operating near the rate limit of its ability to log event data to disk and tape using the existing hardware and software systems. Consequently we have chosen to design and implement a new system for logging event data. The new system is designed to be scalable, so that the data rate can be increased by adding systems at one of three levels. It also has the property that data can be logged at almost unlimited burst rates without introducing dead time. The key to these features lies in the use of many nodes within the level three trigger system of BaBar. This allows the events to first be logged to local disks within the trigger system, and then later to be merged to any of multiple merge servers in non-real-time. C1 Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Hamilton, JA (reprint author), Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, 2275 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0217-751X J9 INT J MOD PHYS A JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. A PD JUN 30 PY 2005 VL 20 IS 16 BP 3865 EP 3867 DI 10.1142/S0217751X05027825 PG 3 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 957LC UT WOS:000231370300081 ER PT J AU Malon, D AF Malon, D TI What your next experiment's data will look like: Event stores in the large hadron collider era SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the Division of Particles and Fields of the American-Physical-Society CY AUG 26-31, 2004 CL Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, Div Particles & Fields HO Univ Calif Riverside DE data management; databases; event stores AB Each new generation of collider experiments confronts the challenge of delivering an event store having at least the performance and functionality of current-generation stores, in the presence of an order of magnitude more data and new computing paradigms (object orientation just a few years ago; grid and service-based computing today). The ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider, for example, will produce 1.6-megabyte events at 200 Hz-an annual raw data volume of 3.2 petabytes. With derived and simulated data, the total volume may approach 10 petabytes per year. Scale, however, is not the only challenge. In the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) experiments, the preponderance of computing power will come from outside the host laboratory. More significantly, no single site will host a complete copy of the event store-data will be distributed, not simply replicated for convenience, and many physics analyses will routinely require distributed (grid) computing. This paper uses the emerging ATLAS computing model to provide a glimpse of how next-generation event stores are taking shape, touching on key issues in navigation, distribution, scale, coherence, data models and representation, metadata infrastructure, and the role(s) of databases in event store management. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Decis & Informat & Sci Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Malon, D (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Decis & Informat & Sci Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0217-751X J9 INT J MOD PHYS A JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. A PD JUN 30 PY 2005 VL 20 IS 16 BP 3871 EP 3873 DI 10.1142/S0217751X05027849 PG 3 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 957LC UT WOS:000231370300083 ER PT J AU Vaniachine, A Malon, D Vranicar, M AF Vaniachine, A Malon, D Vranicar, M TI Advanced technologies for distributed database services hyperinfrastructure SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the Division of Particles and Fields of the American-Physical-Society CY AUG 26-31, 2004 CL Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, Div Particles & Fields HO Univ Calif Riverside DE database; computational grid; data security; collective dynamics AB HEP collaborations are deploying grid technologies to address petabyte-scale data processing challenges. In addition to file-based event data, HEP data processing requires access to terabytes of non-event data (detector conditions, calibrations, etc.) stored in relational databases. Inadequate for non-event data delivery in these amounts, database access control technologies for grid computing axe limited to encrypted message transfers. To overcome these database access limitations one must go beyond the existing grid infrastructure. A proposed hyperinfrastructure of distributed database services implements efficient secure data access methods. We introduce several technologies laying a foundation of a new hyperinfrastructure. We present efficient secure data transfer methods and secure grid query engine technologies federating heterogeneous databases. Lessons learned in a production environment of ATLAS Data Challenges are presented. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Decis & Informat Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. PIOCON Technol, Naperville, IL 60563 USA. RP Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Vanyashin, Aleksandr/H-7796-2013 OI Vanyashin, Aleksandr/0000-0002-0367-5666 NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0217-751X EI 1793-656X J9 INT J MOD PHYS A JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. A PD JUN 30 PY 2005 VL 20 IS 16 BP 3877 EP 3879 DI 10.1142/S0217751X05027862 PG 3 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 957LC UT WOS:000231370300085 ER PT J AU Wicke, D AF Wicke, D TI Data reprocessing on worldwide distributed systems SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the Division of Particles and Fields of the American-Physical-Society CY AUG 26-31, 2004 CL Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, Div Particles & Fields HO Univ Calif Riverside DE grid; distributed computing; data challenge ID SAM AB The DO experiment faces many challenges in terms of enabling access to large datasets for physicists on four continents. The strategy for solving these problems on worldwide distributed computing clusters is presented. Since the beginning of Run II of the Tevatron (March 2001) all Monte-Carlo simulations for the experiment have been produced at remote systems. For data analysis, a system of regional analysis centers (RACs) was established which supply the associated institutes with the data. This structure, which is similar to the tiered structure foreseen for the LHC was used in Fall 2003 to reprocess all DO data with a much improved version of the reconstruction software. This makes DO the first running experiment that has implemented and operated all important computing tasks of a high energy physics experiment on systems distributed worldwide. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Wicke, D (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0217-751X J9 INT J MOD PHYS A JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. A PD JUN 30 PY 2005 VL 20 IS 16 BP 3880 EP 3882 DI 10.1142/S0217751X05027874 PG 3 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 957LC UT WOS:000231370300086 ER PT J AU Baldwin, NE Chesler, EJ Kirov, S Langston, MA Snoddy, JR Williams, RW Zhang, B AF Baldwin, NE Chesler, EJ Kirov, S Langston, MA Snoddy, JR Williams, RW Zhang, B TI Computational, integrative, and comparative methods for the elucidation of genetic coexpression networks SO JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID EXPRESSION; MOUSE; COMPLEX; ALGORITHMS; ONTOLOGY; STRAINS; BIOLOGY; PROTEIN; LOCI; MICE AB Gene expression microarray data can be used for the assembly of genetic coexpression network graphs. Using mRNA samples obtained from recombinant inbred Mus musculus strains, it is possible to integrate allelic variation with molecular and higher-order phenotypes. The depth of quantitative genetic analysis of microarray data can be vastly enhanced utilizing this mouse resource in combination with powerful computational algorithms, platforms, and data repositories. The resulting network graphs transect many levels of biological scale. This approach is illustrated with the extraction of cliques of putatively coregulated genes and their annotation using gene ontology analysis and cis-regulatory element discovery. The causal basis for coregulation is detected through the use of quantitative trait locus mapping. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Comp Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Anat & Neurobiol, Memphis, TN 38163 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Langston, MA (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Harvard Ctr Neurodegenerat & Repair, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM langston@cs.utk.edu RI Langston, Michael/A-9484-2011; OI Kirov, Stefan/0000-0002-4650-1789; Williams, Robert/0000-0001-8924-4447 NR 44 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU HINDAWI PUBLISHING CORPORATION PI SYLVANIA PA PO BOX 1210, SYLVANIA, OH 43560 USA SN 1110-7243 J9 J BIOMED BIOTECHNOL JI J. Biomed. Biotechnol. PD JUN 30 PY 2005 IS 2 BP 172 EP 180 DI 10.1155/JBB.2005.172 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 984DH UT WOS:000233282200014 ER PT J AU Zhang, JS Li, N Chen, YT AF Zhang, JS Li, N Chen, YT TI Dynamics of high-temperature oxidation accompanied by scale removal and implications for technological applications SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID WATER-VAPOR; KINETICS; ALLOYS; VOLATILIZATION; ENVIRONMENTS; CORROSION; CHLORINE; METALS; EROSION; OXYGEN AB The dynamics of a broad class of high-temperature oxidation accompanied by scale dissociation, volatilization, corrosion and erosion is theoretically analyzed through a dimensionless Tedmon's equation. The dependence of early stage, transition and asymptotic dynamics on oxidation (parabolic) and scale removal (linear) rate constants, and oxide initial conditions, are classified into distinct and universal categories. This analysis provides a simple yet powerful roadmap to study material performance in many technologically important applications, including the use of early stage measurement to predict long-term behaviors and screen materials. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Decis Applicat Div, Nucl Design & Risk Anal, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Nevada, Dept Mech Engn, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. RP Zhang, JS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Decis Applicat Div, Nucl Design & Risk Anal, D-5,Ms-K575, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM jzhang@cnls.lanl.gov RI Zhang, Jinsuo/H-4717-2012 OI Zhang, Jinsuo/0000-0002-3412-7769 NR 15 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD JUN 30 PY 2005 VL 342 IS 1-3 BP 1 EP 7 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2005.03.003 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 943LI UT WOS:000230354800001 ER PT J AU Hodge, AM Foreman, R Gallegos, GF AF Hodge, AM Foreman, R Gallegos, GF TI Residual stress analysis in thick uranium films SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID SUBSTRATE BIAS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; COATINGS; DEPOSITION; MICROSTRUCTURE; TEMPERATURE; TOPOGRAPHY; STRAIN AB Residual stress analysis was performed on thick, 1-25 mu m, depleted uranium (DU) films deposited on an Al substrate by magnetron sputtering. Two distinct characterization techniques were used to measure substrate curvature before and after deposition. Stress evaluation was performed using the Benabdi/Roche equation, which is based on beam theory of a bi-layer material. The residual stress evolution was studied as a function of coating thickness and applied negative bias voltage (0, -200, -300 V). The stresses developed were always compressive; however, increasing the coating thickness and applying a bias voltage presented a trend towards more tensile stresses and thus an overall reduction of residual stresses. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Mfg & Mat Engn Div, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, 7000 E Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM hodge4@llnl.gov NR 23 TC 4 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 EI 1873-4820 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD JUN 30 PY 2005 VL 342 IS 1-3 BP 8 EP 13 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2005.03.024 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 943LI UT WOS:000230354800002 ER PT J AU Doerner, RP Baldwin, MJ Causey, RA AF Doerner, RP Baldwin, MJ Causey, RA TI Beryllium-tungsten mixed-material interactions SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID EROSION; BOMBARDMENT; CARBON AB A beryllium-seeded deuterium plasma is used to investigate beryllium-tungsten mixed-material properties. Beryllium accumulation on tungsten surfaces exposed to deuterium plasma containing only a small beryllium impurity concentration (0.1%) is observed. The beryllium seeding oven utilizes a tungsten crucible to hold the hot beryllium. This crucible destructively melted after only 100 h of operation and at temperatures that never exceeded 1550 degrees C. A tungsten-beryllide alloy appears to have formed in the melt zone of the tungsten crucible. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Doerner, RP (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM rdoerner@ucsd.edu NR 14 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD JUN 30 PY 2005 VL 342 IS 1-3 BP 63 EP 67 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2005.03.016 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 943LI UT WOS:000230354800009 ER PT J AU Allen, TR Cole, JI Gan, J Was, GS Dropek, R Kenik, EA AF Allen, TR Cole, JI Gan, J Was, GS Dropek, R Kenik, EA TI Swelling and radiation-induced segregation in austentic alloys SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID CR-NI ALLOYS; GRAIN-BOUNDARY SEGREGATION; STAINLESS-STEEL; ELECTRON-IRRADIATION; OVERSIZED ELEMENTS; TEMPERATURE; MECHANISM AB To elucidate the relationship between radiation-induced segregation and swelling in austenitic stainless steels, a series of alloys were irradiated with 3.2 MeV protons to doses of 0.5 and 1.0 dpa at 400 degrees C. Three alloy series were irradiated, the first to examine the effect of bulk nickel in Fe-16-18Cr-xNi, the second to determine the effect of Mo and P in an Fe-16Cr-13Ni base alloy, and the third to examine the effect of oversized solute Zr addition to an Fe-18Cr-0.5Ni alloy. The addition of nickel in Fe-16-18Cr-xNi caused a significant decrease in swelling and increase in segregation. The addition of Mo+P to Fe-16Cr-13Ni eliminated swelling and reduced segregation. The addition of Zr to Fe-18Cr-9.5Ni decreased swelling and altered the segregation. Comparison of swelling with changes in lattice parameter and shear modulus caused by the segregation showed that swelling correlates well with the decreases in lattice parameter caused by radiation-induced segregation. Those alloys whose segregation decreased the lattice parameter the greatest showed the lowest swelling. These results are consistent with theoretical predictions made by Wolfer. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Argonne Natl Lab W, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Allen, TR (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, 1500 Engn Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM allen@engr.wisc.edu OI Allen, Todd/0000-0002-2372-7259; Cole, James/0000-0003-1178-5846 NR 36 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 3 U2 34 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD JUN 30 PY 2005 VL 342 IS 1-3 BP 90 EP 100 DI 10.1016/j.nucmat.2005.02.008 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 943LI UT WOS:000230354800012 ER PT J AU Edwards, DJ Singh, BN Bilde-Sorensen, JB AF Edwards, DJ Singh, BN Bilde-Sorensen, JB TI Initiation and propagation of cleared channels in neutron-irradiated pure copper and a precipitation hardened CuCrZr alloy SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID PLASTIC-FLOW LOCALIZATION; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; INTERSTITIAL LOOPS; TENSILE PROPERTIES; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; STAINLESS-STEEL; BCC METALS; DISLOCATIONS; DEFORMATION; DAMAGE AB The formation of 'cleared' channels in neutron irradiated metals and alloys have been frequently reported for more than 40 years. So far, however, no unambiguous and conclusive evidence showing as to how and where these channels are initiated has emerged. In the following we present experimental results illustrating initiation and propagation of channels during post-irradiation deformation of neutron irradiated copper and a copper alloy. The observations strongly suggest that the channels are initiated at boundaries, large inclusions and even at previously formed cleared channels. Some of the channels have been observed to penetrate through both the twin boundaries and grain boundaries. It is argued that the high stress level reached during post-irradiation tensile tests activate dislocation sources at the sites of stress concentrations at boundaries and interfaces. The propagation of these newly generated dislocations in the matrix causes the formation of cleared channels. Implications of these results are discussed with specific reference to the origin and consequences of plastic flow localization. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Riso Natl Lab, Dept Mat Res, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Mat Struct & Performance Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Singh, BN (reprint author), Riso Natl Lab, Dept Mat Res, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark. EM bachu.singh@risoe.dk NR 41 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 2 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD JUN 30 PY 2005 VL 342 IS 1-3 BP 164 EP 178 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2005.04.001 PG 15 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 943LI UT WOS:000230354800020 ER PT J AU Shkrob, IA Sauer, MC AF Shkrob, IA Sauer, MC TI Electron trapping by polar molecules in alkane liquids: Cluster chemistry in dilute solution SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Review ID AQUEOUS SOLVATED ELECTRON; PUMP-PROBE SPECTROSCOPY; PAIR SEPARATION TECHNIQUE; HYDRATED ELECTRON; PULSE-RADIOLYSIS; EXCESS ELECTRONS; TRANSIENT ABSORPTION; NONPOLAR-SOLVENTS; N-HEXANE; PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY AB Experimental observations are presented on condensed-phase analogues of gas-phase dipole-bound anions and negatively charged clusters of polar molecules. Both monomers and small clusters of such molecules can reversibly trap conduction band electrons in dilute alkane solutions. The dynamics and energetics of this trapping have been studied using pulse radiolysis-transient absorption spectroscopy and time-resolved photoconductivity. Binding energies, thermal detrapping rates, and absorption spectra of excess electrons attached to monomer and multimer solute traps are obtained, and possible structures for these species are discussed. "Dipole coagulation" (stepwise growth of the solute cluster around the cavity electron) predicted by Mozumder in 1972 is observed. The acetonitrile monomer is shown to solvate the electron by its methyl group, just as the alkane solvent does. The electron is dipole-bound to the CN group; the latter points away from the cavity. The resulting negatively charged species has a binding energy of 0.4 eV and absorbs in the infrared. Molecules of straight-chain aliphatic alcohols solvate the excess electron by their OH groups; at equilibrium, the predominant electron trap is a trimer or a tetramer, and the binding energy of this solute trap is ca. 0.8 eV. Trapping by smaller clusters is opposed by the entropy that drives the equilibrium toward the electron in a solvent trap. For alcohol monomers, the trapping does not occur; a slow proton-transfer reaction occurs instead. For the acetonitrile monomer, the trapping is favored energetically, but the thermal detachment is rapid (ca. 1 ns). Our study suggests that a composite cluster anion consisting of a few polar molecules imbedded in an alkane "matrix" might be the closest gas-phase analogue to the core of solvated electron in a neat polar liquid. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM shkrob@anl.gov NR 135 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 4 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD JUN 30 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 25 BP 5754 EP 5769 DI 10.1021/jp050564v PG 16 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 940CZ UT WOS:000230122600026 PM 16833908 ER PT J AU Wang, RM Chen, YF Fu, YY Zhang, H Kisielowski, C AF Wang, RM Chen, YF Fu, YY Zhang, H Kisielowski, C TI Bicrystalline hematite nanowires SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID ONE-DIMENSIONAL NANOSTRUCTURES; OXIDE NANOWIRES; GROWTH; ARRAYS; DIFFUSION; NANOBELTS; OXIDATION; WHISKERS; IRON AB Bicrystalline nanowires of hematite (alpha-Fe2O3) have been successfully synthesized by the oxidation of pure iron. The product was characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution TEM in combination with focal series reconstruction, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and electron energy-loss spectroscopy. The bicrystalline nanowires have diameters of 20-80 nm and lengths up to 20 mu m. All of the investigated materials are found to be alpha-Fe2O3 with a rhombohedral crystal structure. Investigations indicate that most of the bicrystalline nanowires are nanotwins with ellipsoidal heads. The orientation relationship between the nanotwins can be described as (1110)(M)// (1110)(T), [110](M)//[110](T). An energy-filtered TEM investigation indicates that the ellipsoidal head is iron-rich. The growth mechanism of such unique nanostructures is considered to be a solid-phase growth via surface and internal diffusions of molecules from base to tip. C1 Peking Univ, Dept Phys, State Key Lab Mesoscop Phys, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Natl Ctr Electron Microscopy, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Peking Univ, Dept Phys, State Key Lab Mesoscop Phys, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. EM rmwang@pku.edu.cn; CFKisielowski@lbl.gov RI Chen, Yaofeng/D-6341-2012; Wang, Rongming/B-2163-2010 OI Wang, Rongming/0000-0003-4075-6956 NR 23 TC 99 Z9 101 U1 3 U2 23 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD JUN 30 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 25 BP 12245 EP 12249 DI 10.1021/jp051197q PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 940DC UT WOS:000230122900003 PM 16852510 ER PT J AU White, JM Henderson, MA AF White, JM Henderson, MA TI Trimethyl acetate on TiO2(110): Preparation and anaerobic photolysis SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID PHOTOINDUCED REDOX REACTION; ACETIC-ACID; SURFACE; WATER; PHOTOCATALYSIS; SEMICONDUCTOR AB The preparation and anaerobic ultraviolet photolysis of trimethyl acetate (TMA) on rutile TiO2(1 1 0) have been examined with an emphasis on reaction paths. Substrates for photolysis were prepared by dosing trimethyl acetic acid at 100, 300, and 550 K. The chemistry was characterized by mass spectrometry during dosing and by H2O adsorption and temperature programmed desorption (TPD) after dosing. Using TPD after photolysis and mass spectrometry during photolysis, the products ejected and retained during photolysis were sought. The photolysis results are interpreted using the following mechanistic model. Photons with energies exceeding 3 eV create electron-hole pairs in the substrate. With probabilities of 10(-5) or lower, the holes initiate TMA chemistry by extracting an electron from the T orbital Of the carboxylate moiety. The accompanying electrons are trapped at the surface and inhibit subsequent events of this chemistry. The electron-deficient intermediate, TMA*, decarboxylates to form CO2 and either chemisorbed tert-butyl (-C(CH3)(3)) or physisorbed i-butene. For photolysis at 100 or 200 K, the -C(CH3)(3) accumulates and there is a slow photon-driven secondary reaction that, with a source of H, hydrogenates adsorbed tert-butyl to physisorbed i-butane. For photolysis at 300 K, -C(CH3)(3) thermally reacts to form and desorb i-butene and i-butane during photolysis. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Interfacial Chem & Engn Grp, Richland, WA 99353 USA. RP Henderson, MA (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Interfacial Chem & Engn Grp, Richland, WA 99353 USA. EM ma.henderson@pnl.gov NR 18 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 22 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD JUN 30 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 25 BP 12417 EP 12430 DI 10.1021/jp050944g PG 14 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 940DC UT WOS:000230122900030 PM 16852537 ER PT J AU Tamam, L Kraack, H Sloutskin, E Ocko, BM Pershan, PS Ulman, A Deutsch, M AF Tamam, L Kraack, H Sloutskin, E Ocko, BM Pershan, PS Ulman, A Deutsch, M TI Structure of mercaptobiphenyl monolayers on mercury SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS; SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; LANGMUIR FILMS; LIQUID MERCURY; ALKANETHIOL MONOLAYERS; SURFACE; AU(111); METAL; THIOLS AB The molecular-scale structure and phase behavior of single-component Langmuir films of 4'-methyl-4-mercaptobiphenyl (MMB) and 4'-perfluoromethyl-4-mercaptobiphenyl (FMMB) on mercury were studied using surface tensiometry, grazing incidence X-ray diffraction, and X-ray reflectivity. At low coverages, a condensed but in-plane disordered single layer of surface-parallel molecules is found for both compounds. At high coverages, both compounds exhibit in-plane-ordered phases of standing-up molecules. For MMB, the biphenyl core dominates the structure, yielding a centered-rectangular unit cell with an area A(x) of 21.8 angstrom(2)/ molecule, with molecules tilted by similar to 14 degrees from the surface normal in the nearest-neighbor direction, and a coherence length xi of > 1000 angstrom for the crystalline domains. For FMMB, the perfluoromethyl group dominates the structure, yielding a hexagonal unit cell with untilted molecules, an area A(x) of 24.2 angstrom(2)/molecule, and a much smaller of similar to 110 angstrom. The structure is discussed in comparison with self-assembled monolayers of MMB on crystalline Au(111) and similar-length alkanethiolate SAMs on Au(111) and on mercury. The differences in the structure are discussed and traced to the differences in the substrate's surface structure, and in the molecular cross section and rigidity. C1 Bar Ilan Univ, Dept Phys, IL-52900 Ramat Gan, Israel. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Bar Ilan Univ, Dept Chem, IL-52900 Ramat Gan, Israel. RP Deutsch, M (reprint author), Bar Ilan Univ, Dept Phys, IL-52900 Ramat Gan, Israel. EM deutsch@mail.biu.ac.il NR 52 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD JUN 30 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 25 BP 12534 EP 12543 DI 10.1021/jp050278j PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 940DC UT WOS:000230122900043 PM 16852550 ER PT J AU Chao, WL Harteneck, BD Liddle, JA Anderson, EH Attwood, DT AF Chao, WL Harteneck, BD Liddle, JA Anderson, EH Attwood, DT TI Soft X-ray microscopy at a spatial resolution better than 15nm SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-BEAM LITHOGRAPHY; MAGNETIC NANOSTRUCTURES; TRANSMISSION MICROSCOPY; WATER; TOMOGRAPHY; DOMAINS AB Analytical tools that have spatial resolution at the nanometre scale are indispensable for the life and physical sciences. It is desirable that these tools also permit elemental and chemical identification on a scale of 10 nm or less, with large penetration depths. A variety of techniques(1-7) in X-ray imaging are currently being developed that may provide these combined capabilities. Here we report the achievement of sub-15-nm spatial resolution with a soft X-ray microscope - and a clear path to below 10 nm - using an overlay technique for zone plate fabrication. The microscope covers a spectral range from a photon energy of 250 eV (similar to 5 nm wavelength) to 1.8 keV (similar to 0.7 nm), so that primary K and L atomic resonances of elements such as C, N, O, Al, Ti, Fe, Co and Ni can be probed. This X-ray microscopy technique is therefore suitable for a wide range of studies: biological imaging in the water window(8,9); studies of wet environmental samples(10,11); studies of magnetic nanostructures with both elemental and spin-orbit sensitivity(12-14); studies that require viewing through thin windows, coatings or substrates ( such as buried electronic devices in a silicon chip(15)); and three-dimensional imaging of cryogenically fixed biological cells(9,16). C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Ctr Xray Opt, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Chao, WL (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Ctr Xray Opt, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 2-400, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM wlchao@lbl.gov RI Liddle, James/A-4867-2013 OI Liddle, James/0000-0002-2508-7910 NR 31 TC 526 Z9 547 U1 15 U2 110 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD JUN 30 PY 2005 VL 435 IS 7046 BP 1210 EP 1213 DI 10.1038/nature03719 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 940JJ UT WOS:000230140500038 PM 15988520 ER PT J AU Adams, JD Rogers, B Manning, L Hu, Z Thundat, T Cavazos, H Minne, SC AF Adams, JD Rogers, B Manning, L Hu, Z Thundat, T Cavazos, H Minne, SC TI Piezoelectric self-sensing of adsorption-induced microcantilever bending SO SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL LA English DT Article DE piezoelectric; cantilever; adsorption; bending; sensor ID ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; RESONANCE-FREQUENCY; INTEGRATED ACTUATOR; CANTILEVER ARRAY; OPTICAL-LEVER; SENSOR; RESOLUTION; NANOMECHANICS; RECOGNITION; STRESS AB A self-sensing, self-actuating, piezoelectric microcantilever is used to detect adsorption-induced bending. Bending is measured by bringing the resonating cantilever into intermittent contact with a surface, the elevation of which is maintained by a piezotube in feedback. When the cantilever bends, its oscillatory amplitude changes and the piezotube is adjusted to compensate. Cantilever amplitude is detected using the voltage output of the piezoelectric film. Bending in this test was caused by mercury adsorption onto gold. A 50 ppb mercury concentration in nitrogen gas was detected. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Nevada, Dept Engn Mech, Reno, NV 89557 USA. Univ Nevada, Nevada Ventures Nanosci Program, Reno, NV 89557 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Nanodevices Inc, Santa Barbara, CA 93111 USA. RP Rogers, B (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Engn Mech, Reno, NV 89557 USA. EM jdadams@unr.edu; rogers@unr.edu RI Hu, Zhiyu/J-7742-2013 NR 34 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0924-4247 J9 SENSOR ACTUAT A-PHYS JI Sens. Actuator A-Phys. PD JUN 30 PY 2005 VL 121 IS 2 BP 457 EP 461 DI 10.1016/j.sna.2005.03.058 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 934TK UT WOS:000229731300021 ER PT J AU Sanchez, CA Krieger, RI Khandaker, N Moore, RC Holts, KC Neidel, LL AF Sanchez, CA Krieger, RI Khandaker, N Moore, RC Holts, KC Neidel, LL TI Accumulation and perchlorate exposure potential of lettuce produced in the Lower Colorado River region SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE perchlorate exposure; nitrate; Lactuca sativa L.; iceberg lettuce; romaine lettuce; leaf lettuce; butterhead lettuce ID LAS-VEGAS WASH; NITRATE; PLANTS; VEGETATION; TRANSPORT; ANIONS; SOIL AB The Colorado River is contaminated with perchlorate concentrations of 1.5-8 mu g/L, an anion linked to thyroid dysfunction. Over 90% of the lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) consumed during the winter months in the United States is produced in the Lower Colorado River region. Studies were conducted in this region to survey the potential for lettuce perchlorate accumulation and estimate potential human exposure to perchlorate from lettuce. Total uptake of perchlorate in the above-ground plant of iceberg lettuce was approximately 5 g/ha. Exposure estimates ranged from 0.45 to 1.8 mu g/day depending on lettuce types and trimming. For all lettuce types, hypothetical exposures were less than 4% of the reference dose recommended by the National Academy of Sciences. Results show the relative iodide uptake inhibition potential because of lettuce nitrate was 2 orders of magnitude greater than that associated with the corresponding trace levels of perchlorate. These data support the conclusion that potential perchlorate exposures from lettuce irrigated with Colorado River water are negligible relative to acute or long-term harmful amounts. C1 Univ Arizona, Yuma Agr Ctr, Dept Soil Water & Environm Sci, Yuma, AZ 85364 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Entomol, Personal Chem Exposure Program, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Sanchez, CA (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Yuma Agr Ctr, Dept Soil Water & Environm Sci, Yuma, AZ 85364 USA. EM sanchez@ag.arizona.edu NR 49 TC 71 Z9 76 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD JUN 29 PY 2005 VL 53 IS 13 BP 5479 EP 5486 DI 10.1021/jf050380d PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 938ZB UT WOS:000230040800064 PM 15969537 ER PT J AU Qiu, SR Wierzbicki, A Salter, EA Zepeda, S Orme, CA Hoyer, JR Nancollas, GH Cody, AM De Yoreo, JJ AF Qiu, SR Wierzbicki, A Salter, EA Zepeda, S Orme, CA Hoyer, JR Nancollas, GH Cody, AM De Yoreo, JJ TI Modulation of calcium oxalate monohydrate crystallization by citrate through selective binding to atomic steps SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID FORCE MICROSCOPY; CRYSTAL-GROWTH; ELECTROSTATIC POTENTIALS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; INHIBITION; SURFACE; DISSOLUTION; ADDITIVES; KINETICS; DENSITY AB The majority of human kidney stones are composed primarily of calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) crystals. Thus, determining the molecular modulation of COM crystallization by urinary constituents is crucial for understanding and controlling renal stone disease, A comprehensive molecular-scale view of COM shape modification by citrate, obtained through a combination of in situ atomic force microscopy and molecular modeling, is presented here. We find that while the most important factors determining binding strength are coordination between COO- groups on citrate and Ca ions in the lattice, as well as H-bonds formed between the OH group of citrate and an oxalate group, the nonplanar geometry of the steps provides the most favorable environment due to the ability of the step-edge to accommodate all Ca, COO coordinations with minimal strain. However, binding to all steps and terraces on the (010) face is much less favorable than on the ((1) over bar 01) face due to electrostatic repulsion between oxalate and COO- groups, For example, the maximum binding energy, -166.5 kJ mol(-1), occurs for the [101] step on the (101) face, while the value for the [021] step on the (010) face is only -56.9 kJ mol(-1). This high selectivity leads to preferential binding to steps on the ((1) over bar 01) face that pins step motion. Yet anisotropy in interaction strength on this face drives anisotropic changes in step kinetics that are responsible for shape modification of macroscopic COM crystals. Thus, the molecular scale growth kinetics and the bulk crystal habit are fully consistent with the simulations. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Chem & Mat Sci, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ S Alabama, Dept Chem, Mobile, AL 36688 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Davis, CA 95615 USA. Univ Penn, Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. SUNY Buffalo, Dept Chem, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Geol & Atmospher Sci, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Qiu, SR (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Chem & Mat Sci, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM qiu2@llnl.gov RI Orme, Christine/A-4109-2009 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK33501, DK61673] NR 34 TC 85 Z9 90 U1 6 U2 55 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JUN 29 PY 2005 VL 127 IS 25 BP 9036 EP 9044 DI 10.1021/ja043591s PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 938NR UT WOS:000230010600044 PM 15969581 ER PT J AU Schwartz, JM Stapp, HP Beauregard, M AF Schwartz, JM Stapp, HP Beauregard, M TI Quantum physics in neuroscience and psychology: a neurophysical model of mind-brain interaction SO PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Review DE mind; consciousness; brain; neuroscience; neuropsychology; quantum mechanics AB Neuropsychological research on the neural basis of behaviour generally posits that brain mechanisms will ultimately suffice to explain all psychologically described phenomena. This assumption stems from the idea that the brain is made up entirely of material particles and fields, and that all causal mechanisms relevant to neuroscience can therefore be formulated solely in terms of properties of these elements. Thus, terms having intrinsic mentalistic and/or experiential content (e.g. 'feeling', 'knowing' and 'effort') are not included as primary causal factors. This theoretical restriction is motivated primarily by ideas about the natural world that have been known to be fundamentally incorrect for more than three-quarters of a century. Contemporary basic physical theory differs profoundly from classic physics on the important matter of how the consciousness of human agents enters into the structure of empirical phenomena. The new principles contradict the older idea that local mechanical processes alone can account for the structure of all observed empirical data. Contemporary physical theory brings directly and irreducibly into the overall causal structure certain psychologically described choices made by human agents about how they will act. This key development in basic physical theory is applicable to neuroscience, and it provides neuroscientists and psychologists with an alternative conceptual framework for describing neural processes. Indeed, owing to certain structural features of ion channels critical to synaptic function, contemporary physical theory must in principle be used when analysing human brain dynamics. The new framework, unlike its classic-physics-based predecessor, is erected directly upon, and is compatible with, the prevailing principles of physics. It is able to represent more adequately than classic concepts the neuroplastic mechanisms relevant to the growing number of empirical studies of the capacity of directed attention and mental effort to systematically alter brain function. C1 Univ Montreal, CERNEC, Dept Psychol, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Neuropsychiat, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Montreal, Dept Radiol, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. Univ Montreal, CRSN, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. RP Beauregard, M (reprint author), Univ Montreal, CERNEC, Dept Psychol, CP 6128,Succursale Ctr Ille, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. EM mario.beauregard@umontreal.ca NR 39 TC 91 Z9 93 U1 1 U2 21 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 0962-8436 J9 PHILOS T R SOC B JI Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci. PD JUN 29 PY 2005 VL 360 IS 1458 BP 1309 EP 1327 DI 10.1098/rstb.2004.1598 PG 19 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA 956RM UT WOS:000231317500013 PM 16147524 ER PT J AU Toops, TJ Smith, DB Partridge, WP AF Toops, TJ Smith, DB Partridge, WP TI Quantification of the in situ DRIFT spectra of Pt/K/gamma-Al2O3 NOx adsorber catalysts SO APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL LA English DT Article DE NOx adsorber catalysts; lean NOx traps; quantified DRIFFS; chemisorption; potassium; Pt; gamma-Al2O3; Pt/K/Al2O3 ID INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; ADSORPTION; REDUCTION; DIFFRACTION; ALUMINA; STORAGE; NITRATE; SYSTEM; TPD AB A method to quantify DRIFT spectral features associated with the in situ adsorption of gases on a NO, adsorber catalyst, Pt/K/Al2O3, is described. To implement this method, the multicomponent catalyst is analysed with DRIFT and chemisorption to determine that under operating conditions the surface comprised a Pt phase, a pure γ-Al2O3 phase with associated hydroxyl groups at the surface, and an alkalizedAl(2)O(3) Phase where the surface -OH groups are replaced by -OK groups. Both DRIFTS and chemisorption experiments show that 93-97 % of the potassium exists in this form. The phases have a fractional surface area of 1.1 % for the 1.7 run-sized Pt, 34 % for pure Al2O3 and 65 % for the alkalized-Al2O3. NO2 and CO2 chemisorption at 250&DEG; C is implemented to determine the saturation uptake value, which is observed with NO2/m(2). This method can be implemented to quantitatively monitor the formation of carboxylates and nitrates on Pt/K/Al2O3 during both lean and rich periods of the NOx adsorber catalyst cycle. © 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Knoxville, TN 37932 USA. RP Toops, TJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, 2360 Cherahala Blvd, Knoxville, TN 37932 USA. EM toopstj@ornl.gov NR 30 TC 65 Z9 69 U1 1 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-3373 J9 APPL CATAL B-ENVIRON JI Appl. Catal. B-Environ. PD JUN 28 PY 2005 VL 58 IS 3-4 BP 245 EP 254 DI 10.1016/j.apcatb.2004.10.021 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 931WB UT WOS:000229515100011 ER PT J AU Toops, TJ Smith, DB Epling, WS Parks, JE Partridge, WP AF Toops, TJ Smith, DB Epling, WS Parks, JE Partridge, WP TI Quantified NO(x)adsorption on Pt/K/gamma-Al2O3 and the effects of CO2 and H2O SO APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL LA English DT Article DE lean NOx traps; DRIFTS; chemisorption; potassium; Pt; gamma-Al2O3 ID SELECTIVE CATALYTIC-REDUCTION; NOX STORAGE; ZEOLITE CATALYSTS; WATER-VAPOR; INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; ADSORPTION; PT(111); SURFACE; OXIDE; DEACTIVATION AB A multi-component NOx-trap catalyst consisting of Pt and K supported on γ-Al2O3 was studied at 250&DEG; C to determine the roles of the individual catalyst components, to identify the adsorbing species during the lean capture cycle, and to assess the effects of H2O and CO2 on NO, storage. The Al2O3 support was shown to have NOx trapping capability with and without Pt present (at 250&DEG; C Pt/Al2O3 adsorbs 2.3 μ mols NOx/m(2)). NOx is primarily trapped on Al2O3 in the form of nitrates with monodentate, chelating and bridged forms apparent in Diffuse Reflectance mid-Infrared Fourier Transform Spectroscopy (DRIFTS) analysis. The addition of K to the catalyst increases the adsorption capacity to 6.2 μ mol NOx/m(2), and the primary storage form on K is a free nitrate ion. Quantitative DRIFTS analysis shows that 12 % of the nitrates on a Pt/K/Al2O3 catalyst Lire coordinated on the Al2O3 support at saturation. When 5 % CO, was included. In a feed stream with 300 ppm NO and 12 % O-2, the amount of K-based nitrate storage decreased by 45 % after 1 h on stream due to the competition of adsorbed free nitrates with carboxylates for adsorption sites. When 5 % H2O was included in a feed stream with 300 pprn NO and 12 % O-2, the amount of K-based nitrate storage decreased by only 16 % after I h, but the Al2O3-based nitrates decreased by 92 %. Interestingly, with both 5 % CO2 and 5 % H2O in the feed, the total storage only decreased by 11 %, as the hydroxyl groups generated on Al2O3 destabilized the K-CO2 bond; specifically, H2O mitigates the NOx storage capacity losses associated with carboxylate competition. © 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Fuels Engines & Emiss Res Ctr, Knoxville, TN 37932 USA. EmeraChem, Knoxville, TN 37932 USA. RP Toops, TJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Fuels Engines & Emiss Res Ctr, 2360 Cherahala Blvd, Knoxville, TN 37932 USA. EM toopstj@ornl.gov NR 43 TC 102 Z9 103 U1 1 U2 35 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-3373 J9 APPL CATAL B-ENVIRON JI Appl. Catal. B-Environ. PD JUN 28 PY 2005 VL 58 IS 3-4 BP 255 EP 264 DI 10.1016/j.apcatb.2004.10.022 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 931WB UT WOS:000229515100012 ER PT J AU Chervin, CN Clapsaddle, BJ Chiu, HW Gash, AE Satcher, JH Kauzlarich, SM AF Chervin, CN Clapsaddle, BJ Chiu, HW Gash, AE Satcher, JH Kauzlarich, SM TI Aerogel synthesis of yttria-stabilized zirconia by a non-alkoxide sol-gel route SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRICAL-PROPERTIES; IONIC-CONDUCTIVITY; RAMAN-SCATTERING; OXIDE; MICROSTRUCTURE; TRANSITION; SYSTEM; PHASE; ELECTROLYTES; MONOLITHS AB Homogeneous, nanocrystalline powders of yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) were prepared using a non-alkoxide sol-gel method. Monolithic gels, free of precipitation, were prepared by addition of propylene oxide to aqueous solutions of Zr4+ and Y3+ chlorides at room temperature. The gels were dried with supercritical CO2(l), resulting in amorphous aerogels that crystallized into stabilized ZrO2 following calcination at 500 degrees C. The aerogels and resulting crystalline products were characterized using in situ temperature profile X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, thermal analysis, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), nitrogen adsorption/desorption analysis, and elemental analysis by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy. TEM and N-2 adsorption/desorption analysis of an aerogel prepared by this method indicated a porous network structure with a high surface area (409 m(2)/g). The crystallized YSZ maintained high surface area (159 m2/g) upon formation of homogeneous, nanoparticles (similar to 10 nm). Ionic conductivity at 1000 degrees C of sintered YSZ (1500 degrees C, 3 h) was 0.13 +/- 0.02 Omega(-1) cm(-1). Activation energies for the conduction processes from 1000 to 550 degrees C and 550-400 degrees C were 0.95 +/- 0.09 and 1.12 +/- 0.05 eV, respectively. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Outreach, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. NR 51 TC 65 Z9 70 U1 3 U2 75 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0897-4756 EI 1520-5002 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD JUN 28 PY 2005 VL 17 IS 13 BP 3345 EP 3351 DI 10.1021/cm0503679 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 939MB UT WOS:000230075800007 ER PT J AU Baskaran, D Mays, JW Bratcher, MS AF Baskaran, D Mays, JW Bratcher, MS TI Noncovalent and nonspecific molecular interactions of polymers with multiwalled carbon nanotubes SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID SIDEWALL FUNCTIONALIZATION; POLYMERIZATION; SOLUBILIZATION; STRENGTH; WATER AB Polymer composites containing variable amounts of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) have been prepared using solution dispersion and melt-shear mixing. Various polymer composites with 1 wt % MWNTs have been found to dissolve homogeneously in organic solvents. The amount of polymer coated or wrapped MWNTs dissolved in the solution was quantified using UV-vis absorbance at 500 nm and the concentration ratio of [MWNTs](solution)/[MWNTs](composite) was close to 1. A nonspecific polymer adsorption through multiple-weak molecular interactions of CH groups with MWNTs in the composites has been identified through FTIR spectroscopy. The composites of polybutadiene with different wt % of MWNTs showed slight changes in the CH bending vibrations, indicating the presence of intermolecular CH-pi interactions. The dissolution of various polymer composites containing low concentration of MWNTs in organic solvents was attributed to polymer coating on the MWNTs via noncovalent and nonspecific CH-pi interactions. The dissolution of MWNTs in organic solvents using common polymers used in this study indicates that the coating or wrapping is a general phenomenon occurring between polymers and carbon nanotubes. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, AMSL,WM,MA,APG, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Natl Chem Lab, Div Polymer Sci & Engn, Pune 411008, Maharashtra, India. RP Baskaran, D (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, 552 Buehler Hall, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM baskaran@utk.edu RI Durairaj, Baskaran/C-3692-2009 OI Durairaj, Baskaran/0000-0002-6886-5604 NR 41 TC 228 Z9 235 U1 11 U2 69 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0897-4756 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD JUN 28 PY 2005 VL 17 IS 13 BP 3389 EP 3397 DI 10.1021/cm047866e PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 939MB UT WOS:000230075800013 ER PT J AU Yu, SF Welp, U Hua, LZ Rydh, A Kwok, WK Wang, HH AF Yu, SF Welp, U Hua, LZ Rydh, A Kwok, WK Wang, HH TI Fabrication of palladium nanotubes and their application in hydrogen sensing SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID TEMPLATE SYNTHESIS; MEMBRANES; ARRAYS; NANOMATERIALS; SENSORS; NANOSTRUCTURES; SEPARATIONS; TRANSPORT; SWITCHES AB A new electroless plating method was used to deposit palladium nanotubes within the pores. of track-etched polycarbonate membranes. The morphology of the deposited palladium nanostructures were characterized with the use of field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDX), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The largely expanded surface area and granular nature of the nanotubes make them ideal for applications that require high surface area. One of the applications investigated here is hydrogen sensing. Palladium nanotubes excel in high sensitivity, low detection limit, and fast response times in hydrogen sensing compared to sputtered Pd thin film on glass. The response time ranges from a few seconds to tens of seconds depending on the concentration of hydrogen. The hydrogen sensing behavior can be understood with the Langmuir adsorption isotherm theory at very low hydrogen concentration. The high sensitivity and fast response time in the nanotube imbedded samples imply that the nanostructures create not only larger surface areas but also many more favorable sites for hydrogen adsorption to occur. These new nanostructured sensing elements are superior to the conventional thin film sensors especially in the low hydrogen concentration region. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Wang, HH (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM hau.wang@anl.gov RI Rydh, Andreas/A-7068-2012 OI Rydh, Andreas/0000-0001-6641-4861 NR 31 TC 93 Z9 95 U1 1 U2 25 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0897-4756 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD JUN 28 PY 2005 VL 17 IS 13 BP 3445 EP 3450 DI 10.1021/cm048191i PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 939MB UT WOS:000230075800021 ER PT J AU Cao, GH Skrotzki, W Simon, P Wimbush, SC Holzapfel, B AF Cao, GH Skrotzki, W Simon, P Wimbush, SC Holzapfel, B TI Transmission electron microscopy and high-resolution electron microscopy investigation of the microstructure of an YNi2B2C thin film SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID GROWTH; MGO AB An YNi2B2C thin film grown on a MgO(001) substrate by pulsed laser deposition has been investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high-resolution electron microscopy (HREM). Plan-view TEM analyses show that the film consists of isolated rectangular YNi2B2C grains distributed within a second phase. This phase was identified as monoclinic Y2Ni15B6 with lattice parameters a = 1.42 nm, b = 1.07 nm, c = 0.96 nm, and beta = 95 degrees. Within the YNi2B2C grains, a hexagonal Y0.915Ni4.12B phase with lattice parameters a = 1.49 nm and c = 0.69 nm is intergrown with a cubic Y2O3 phase with lattice parameter a = 1.06 nm. The orientation relationships between YNi2B2C, Y2O3, and Y0.915Ni4.12B are analyzed, and the mechanisms of phase formation are discussed. C1 Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Struct Phys, D-01062 Dresden, Germany. Max Planck Inst Chem Phys Solids, D-01187 Dresden, Germany. IFW Dresden, D-01171 Dresden, Germany. RP Cao, GH (reprint author), Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, 206 Met Dev, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM ghcao@ameslab.gov; werner.skrotzki@physik.tu-dresden.de RI Holzapfel, Bernhard/D-3669-2009; Wimbush, Stuart/F-3736-2011 OI Wimbush, Stuart/0000-0003-1636-643X NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0897-4756 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD JUN 28 PY 2005 VL 17 IS 13 BP 3558 EP 3562 DI 10.1021/cm050006t PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 939MB UT WOS:000230075800037 ER PT J AU Tierney, HE Roussel-Dupre, RA Symbalisty, EMD Beasley, WH AF Tierney, HE Roussel-Dupre, RA Symbalisty, EMD Beasley, WH TI Radio frequency emissions from a runaway electron avalanche model compared with intense, transient signals from thunderstorms SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID AIR BREAKDOWN; RAY PULSES; RADIATION; DISCHARGES; SIMULATIONS; EQUATION; SYSTEM AB We present a one-dimensional model of a runaway electron avalanche in a thunderstorm electric field. Previous simulations have calculated the ionization rates and energy distribution functions for runaway electrons, for various atmospheric values of E/p, through the solution of the modified relativistic Boltzmann equation. We use the field-and pressure-dependent ionization rates in a hydrodynamic macroscopic treatment. The runaway electron avalanche modeled here includes the production of runaway and low-energy electrons, electric field relaxation, electron attachment, and runaway electron loss. The model ambient electric field is established from two disks of charge with a sinusoidally spatially varying charge density of 9 nC/m(3) peak amplitude. The peak ambient electric field from this configuration is 538 kV/m at 5 km. The numerically calculated radio frequency radiation exhibits relativistic effects. We hypothesize that runaway electron avalanches are sources of intense HF/VHF impulses radiated from within electrified clouds. The results from this case study are compared with ground-based and FORTE satellite observations of HF and VHF radiation observed during the rise portion of narrow bipolar pulses ( NBP). Given the specified rates and ambient environment, the radiation electric field HF and VHF spectra covering 3 - 25, 26 - 48, and 60 - 66 MHz are in agreement with observations for limited angular ranges. The modeled peak radiation electric field in the time domain is just below one standard deviation from the observed mean for NBPs. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. Univ Oklahoma, Sch Meteorol, Norman, OK 73019 USA. RP Tierney, HE (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. EM htierney@lanl.gov NR 42 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD JUN 28 PY 2005 VL 110 IS D12 AR D12109 DI 10.1029/2004JD005381 PG 11 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 945DG UT WOS:000230481400001 ER PT J AU Scully, SWJ Aguilar, A Emmons, ED Phaneuf, RA Halka, M Leitner, D Levin, JC Lubell, MS Puttner, R Schlachter, AS Covington, AM Schippers, S Muller, A McLaughlin, BM AF Scully, SWJ Aguilar, A Emmons, ED Phaneuf, RA Halka, M Leitner, D Levin, JC Lubell, MS Puttner, R Schlachter, AS Covington, AM Schippers, S Muller, A McLaughlin, BM TI K-shell photoionization of Be-like carbon ions: experiment and theory for C2+ SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS B-ATOMIC MOLECULAR AND OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CROSS-SECTIONS; ISOELECTRONIC SEQUENCE; C-III; AUGER; IONIZATION; BERYLLIUM; RECOMBINATION; FLUORESCENCE; SPECTROSCOPY; SCATTERING AB Absolute cross-section measurements for K-shell photoionization of Be-like C2+ ions have been performed in the photon energy range 292-325 eV. These measurements have been made using the photon-ion merged-beam endstation at the Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. Absolute measurements compared with theoretical results from the R-matrix method indicate that the primary C2+ ion beam consisted of 62% groundstate (1s(2)2S(2) S-1) and 38% metastable state (1s(2)2s(2)p (3)p(o)) ions. Reasonable agreement is seen between theory and experiment for absolute photoionization cross sections, resonance energies and autoionization linewidths of K-shell-vacancy Auger states. C1 Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Embry Riddle Aeronaut Univ, Prescott, AZ 86329 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. CUNY City Coll, Phys Dept, New York, NY 10031 USA. Free Univ Berlin, Inst Experimentalphys d, D-14195 Berlin, Germany. Univ Giessen, Inst Atom & Molekulphys, D-35392 Giessen, Germany. Harvard Univ, Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, ITAMP, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Scully, SWJ (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, MS 220, Reno, NV 89557 USA. EM s.scully@qub.ac.uk; b.mclaughlin@qub.ac.uk RI Muller, Alfred/A-3548-2009; Schippers, Stefan/A-7786-2008 OI Muller, Alfred/0000-0002-0030-6929; Schippers, Stefan/0000-0002-6166-7138 NR 46 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-4075 J9 J PHYS B-AT MOL OPT JI J. Phys. B-At. Mol. Opt. Phys. PD JUN 28 PY 2005 VL 38 IS 12 BP 1967 EP 1975 DI 10.1088/0953-4075/38/12/011 PG 9 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 959JF UT WOS:000231513300013 ER PT J AU Holland, DMP Shaw, DA Walker, IC McEwen, IJ Apra, E Guest, MF AF Holland, DMP Shaw, DA Walker, IC McEwen, IJ Apra, E Guest, MF TI A study of the valence shell photoelectron and photoabsorption spectra of CF3SF5 SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS B-ATOMIC MOLECULAR AND OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CORRELATED MOLECULAR CALCULATIONS; GAUSSIAN-BASIS SETS; TRIFLUOROMETHYL SULFUR PENTAFLUORIDE; PHOTOIONIZATION QUANTUM EFFICIENCY; ENERGY-ELECTRON ATTACHMENT; ION-PAIR FORMATION; CROSS-SECTION; INNER-SHELL; ATMOSPHERIC IMPLICATIONS; SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION AB The outer valence shell photoelectron spectrum of CF3SF5 has been studied experimentally and theoretically. Synchrotron radiation has been used to record angle-resolved outer valence shell photoelectron spectra of CF3SF5 in the photon energy range 18-60 eV. These spectra have allowed photoelectron asymmetry parameters and branching ratios to be derived. The Outer Valence Green's Function approach has been employed to calculate the molecular orbital configuration and associated binding energies. A charge distribution analysis has also been obtained. Assignments have been proposed for the peaks observed in the photoelectron spectrum. The absolute photoabsorption cross section of CF3SF5 has been measured from threshold to 40 eV, and strongly resembles that of SF6. Assignments, involving intravalence transitions, have been proposed for some of the principal features appearing in the photoabsorption spectrum of CF3SF5. C1 Daresbury Lab, Warrington WA4 4AD, Cheshire, England. Heriot Watt Univ, Dept Chem, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, Midlothian, Scotland. Pacific NW Natl Lab, William R Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Holland, DMP (reprint author), Daresbury Lab, Warrington WA4 4AD, Cheshire, England. RI Apra, Edoardo/F-2135-2010 OI Apra, Edoardo/0000-0001-5955-0734 NR 50 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-4075 J9 J PHYS B-AT MOL OPT JI J. Phys. B-At. Mol. Opt. Phys. PD JUN 28 PY 2005 VL 38 IS 12 BP 2047 EP 2067 DI 10.1088/0953-4075/38/12/017 PG 21 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 959JF UT WOS:000231513300019 ER PT J AU Griffin, DC Ballance, CP Pindzola, MS Robicheaux, F Loch, SD Ludlow, JA Witthoeft, MC Colgan, J Fontes, CJ Schultz, DR AF Griffin, DC Ballance, CP Pindzola, MS Robicheaux, F Loch, SD Ludlow, JA Witthoeft, MC Colgan, J Fontes, CJ Schultz, DR TI The validity of classical trajectory and perturbative quantal methods for electron-impact ionization from excited states in H-like ions SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS B-ATOMIC MOLECULAR AND OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CROSS-SECTIONS; ATOMIC-HYDROGEN; R-MATRIX; EXCITATION AB To test the validity of classical trajectory and perturbative quantal methods for electron-impact ionization of H-like ions from excited states, we have performed advanced close-coupling calculations of ionization from excited states in H, Li2+ and B4+ using the R-matrix with pseudo states and the time-dependent close-coupling methods. Comparisons with our classical trajectory Monte Carlo (CTMC) and distorted-wave (DW) calculations show that the CTMC method is more accurate than the DW method for H, but does not improve with n and grows substantially worse with Z, while the DW method improves with Z and grows worse with n. C1 Rollins Coll, Dept Phys, Winter Pk, FL 32789 USA. Auburn Univ, Dept Phys, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. Univ Strathclyde, Dept Phys, Glasgow G4 0NG, Lanark, Scotland. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Griffin, DC (reprint author), Rollins Coll, Dept Phys, Winter Pk, FL 32789 USA. RI Robicheaux, Francis/F-4343-2014; OI Robicheaux, Francis/0000-0002-8054-6040; Colgan, James/0000-0003-1045-3858 NR 21 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-4075 J9 J PHYS B-AT MOL OPT JI J. Phys. B-At. Mol. Opt. Phys. PD JUN 28 PY 2005 VL 38 IS 12 BP L199 EP L206 DI 10.1088/0953-0475/38/12/L01 PG 8 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 959JF UT WOS:000231513300001 ER PT J AU Helms, B Liang, CO Hawker, CJ Frechet, JMJ AF Helms, B Liang, CO Hawker, CJ Frechet, JMJ TI Effects of polymer architecture and nanoenvironment in acylation reactions employing dendritic (dialkylamino)pyridine catalysts SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID ASYMMETRIC CATALYSIS; DIVERGENT SYNTHESIS; ORGANIC-SYNTHESIS; DENDRIMERS; COMPLEXES; 4-DIALKYLAMINOPYRIDINES; LIGANDS AB The role of architecture and nanoenvironment in the catalytic properties of dendritic polymers containing 4-(dialkylamino)pyridines was investigated in the context of acylation reactions employing sterically demanding tertiary alcohols as substrates. Frechet-type benzyl ether and aliphatic ester dendrimers were prepared in a convergent manner from a common trivalent core containing three DMAP groups while a linear polymer was dendronized with aliphatic esters using a divergent growth scheme. Catalysis experiments clearly indicate that nanoenvironment plays the dominant role in determining the activity of the polymer catalysts, with the polyester platform being superior to the benzyl ether. Polymer architecture played little or no role in affecting catalysis. With respect to molecular transport and catalysis, this represents the first comparative study of the effect of architecture and nanoenvironment using structurally similar dendritic materials. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Mat Res Lab, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. RP Frechet, JMJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM frechet@berkeley.edu RI Hawker, Craig/G-4971-2011; OI Hawker, Craig/0000-0001-9951-851X; Frechet, Jean /0000-0001-6419-0163; Helms, Brett/0000-0003-3925-4174 NR 33 TC 75 Z9 76 U1 0 U2 16 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD JUN 28 PY 2005 VL 38 IS 13 BP 5411 EP 5415 DI 10.1021/ma050701m PG 5 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 938SO UT WOS:000230023400011 ER PT J AU Zhang, ZC Lyons, LJ Amine, K West, R AF Zhang, ZC Lyons, LJ Amine, K West, R TI Network-type ionic conductors based on oligoethyleneoxy-functionalized pentamethylcyclopentasiloxanes SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID SOLID POLYMER ELECTROLYTES; OLIGO(OXYETHYLENE) SIDE-CHAINS; POLY(ETHYLENE OXIDE); NMR-SPECTROSCOPY; CONDUCTIVITY; SILOXANE; HYDROSILYLATION; COMPLEXES; TRANSPORT; POLYPHOSPHAZENES AB Network-type solid polymer electrolytes (NSPEs) were synthesized containing oligoethylene oxide chains, CH3(OCH2CH2)(3)(CH2)(3)-, within the network structures. Hydrosilylation reactions of precursors 1 and 2 (oligoethyleneoxy partially substituted pentamethylccyclopentasiloxanes (D-5(H))) with an alpha,omega-diallyloligo(ethylene glycol) were employed for the formation of the cross-linked networks. The conductivities of the network polymer/LiX complexes with variable EO/Li ratios were measured by impedance experiments. NSPE-2, with 36.0% cross-linking density, exhibited higher conductivity than NSPE-1, with 43.8%. The optimum conductivity (sigma = 9.24 x 10(-5) S/cm at 25 degrees C, 2.11 x 10(-4) S/cm at 37 degrees C) was found for NSPE-2 with lithium bis(oxalato)borate (LiBOB). LiBOB-doped polymers exhibited higher conductivity than those doped with LiTFSI at the same salt concentration. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Organosilicon Res Ctr, Dept Chem, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Grinnell Coll, Dept Chem, Grinnell, IA 50112 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem Technol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP West, R (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Organosilicon Res Ctr, Dept Chem, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RI Amine, Khalil/K-9344-2013 NR 40 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD JUN 28 PY 2005 VL 38 IS 13 BP 5714 EP 5720 DI 10.1021/ma050066k PG 7 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 938SO UT WOS:000230023400051 ER PT J AU Tang, YJ Felix, AM Boro, BJ Zakharov, LN Rheingold, AL Kemp, RA AF Tang, YJ Felix, AM Boro, BJ Zakharov, LN Rheingold, AL Kemp, RA TI Syntheses and X-ray crystal structures of monomeric zinc and mercury bis(silylamides) SO POLYHEDRON LA English DT Article DE Zn silylamides; Hg silylamides; CO2 reactions; structures; synthesis ID CARBON-DIOXIDE; HETEROCUMULENE METATHESIS; 2-COORDINATE; DERIVATIVES; COMPLEXES; MAGNESIUM; AMIDE; DIFFRACTION; CADMIUM; MODE AB Lithium amides Li[N(SiMe3(R)] (R = -SiPh2'Bu and adamantyl), generated in situ from the reaction of the corresponding secondary amine with (n)butyllithium, have been treated with anhydrous ZnCl2 and HgBr2 to yield the corresponding homoleptic metal silylamides Zn[N(SiMe3)(SiPh2'Bu)](2) (1), Hg[N(SiMe3)(SiPh2'Bu)](2) (2), Zn[N(SiMe3)(Ad)](2) (3) and Hg[N(SiMe3)(Ad)](2) (4). All complexes are monomeric and have been fully characterized by H-1 NMR, C-13 NMR spectra and elemental analyses, as well as single crystal X-ray crystallography. X-ray diffraction analyses indicated that the complexes 1-4 are two coordinate with roughly linear N-M-N arrangements, although the N-Zn-N angle in 1 deviates significantly at 167.87 degrees. An unusual feature of the adamantyl-containing compounds is that 3 adopts a syn arrangement of the Ad groups, while 4 shows an anti arrangement in the solid state. We have investigated the interactions of these complexes with CO2 and have determined that 1, 2 and 4 do not react with CO2 while 3 reacts to form (Ad)N=C=N(Ad). (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ New Mexico, Dept Chem, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Chem & Biochem, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Adv Mat Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. RP Kemp, RA (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Chem, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. EM rakemp@unm.edu NR 34 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0277-5387 J9 POLYHEDRON JI Polyhedron PD JUN 28 PY 2005 VL 24 IS 9 BP 1093 EP 1100 DI 10.1016/j.poly.2005.02.029 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA 936NY UT WOS:000229863900014 ER PT J AU Davies, JE Hellwig, O Fullerton, EE Jiang, JS Bader, SD Zimanyi, GT Liu, K AF Davies, JE Hellwig, O Fullerton, EE Jiang, JS Bader, SD Zimanyi, GT Liu, K TI Anisotropy dependence of irreversible switching in Fe/SmCo and FeNi/FePt exchange spring magnet films SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID RECORDING MEDIA; BEHAVIOR AB Magnetization reversal in exchange-spring magnet films has been investigated by a first-order reversal curve (FORC) technique and vector magnetometry. In Fe/epitaxial-SmCo films, the reversal proceeds by a reversible rotation of the Fe soft layer, followed by an irreversible switching of the SmCo hard layer. The switching fields are clearly manifested by separate steps in both longitudinal and transverse hysteresis loops, as well as sharp boundaries in the FORC distribution. In FeNi/polycrystalline-FePt films, particularly with thin FeNi, the switching fields are masked by the smooth and step-free major loop. However, the FORC diagram still displays a distinct onset of irreversible switching and transverse hysteresis loops exhibit a pair of peaks, whose amplitude is larger than the maximum possible contribution from the FeNi layer alone. This suggests that the FeNi and FePt layers reverse in a continuous process via a vertical spiral. The successive versus continuous rotation of the soft/hard layer system is primarily due to the different crystal structure of the hard layer, which results in different anisotropies. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Hitachi Global Storage Technol, San Jose, CA 95120 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Davies, JE (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM kailiu@ucdavis.edu RI Davies, Joseph/C-4384-2008; Liu, Kai/B-1163-2008; Bader, Samuel/A-2995-2013; Fullerton, Eric/H-8445-2013 OI Davies, Joseph/0000-0001-5727-2371; Liu, Kai/0000-0001-9413-6782; Fullerton, Eric/0000-0002-4725-9509 NR 21 TC 88 Z9 90 U1 8 U2 64 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 27 PY 2005 VL 86 IS 26 AR 262503 DI 10.1063/1.1954898 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 939RL UT WOS:000230090000037 ER PT J AU Majumdar, A Choi, KK Reno, JL Tsui, DC AF Majumdar, A Choi, KK Reno, JL Tsui, DC TI Voltage tunable superlattice infrared detector for mid- and long-wavelength detection SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PHOTODETECTOR AB We have designed and fabricated a voltage tunable superlattice (SL) infrared photodetector where the detection wavelength switches from the 3-5 mu m midwavelength infrared (MWIR) range under negative bias to the 8-12 mu m long-wavelength infrared (LWIR) range under large positive bias. The structure consists of multiple periods of two different SLs that are separated by undoped blocking barriers on one side and heavily doped layers on the other side. The background-limited temperature with F/1.2 optics is 110 and 70 K for mid- and long-wavelength detection, respectively. This voltage tunable MWIR/LWIR detector has a performance comparable to those of one-color quantum-well infrared detectors designed for the respective wavelength ranges. C1 Princeton Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Majumdar, A (reprint author), Intel Corp, Mail Stop RA3-252,5200 NE Elam Young Pkwy, Hillsboro, OR 97124 USA. EM amlan.majumdar@intel.com RI Choi, Kwong-Kit/K-9205-2013 NR 12 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 27 PY 2005 VL 86 IS 26 AR 261110 DI 10.1063/1.977206 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 939RL UT WOS:000230090000010 ER PT J AU Rosenberg, RA Shenoy, GK Heigl, F Lee, ST Kim, PSG Zhou, XT Sham, TK AF Rosenberg, RA Shenoy, GK Heigl, F Lee, ST Kim, PSG Zhou, XT Sham, TK TI Effects of in situ vacuum annealing on the surface and luminescent properties of ZnS nanowires SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; WURTZITE ZNS; SULFIDE; NANOBELTS AB We have monitored the changes that occur in the x-ray-excited optical luminescence, absorption, and photoemission spectra as a function of vacuum annealing time and temperature for ZnS nanowires. All measurements were done in situ. Initial heating causes desorption of surface oxides and a concurrent reduction in the intensity of all the luminescence peaks, which we attribute to the creation of surface states that quench the luminescence. Extended annealing causes diffusion of Au from the particle used to nucleate the wire growth, which results in an increase in intensity of its associated luminescent band at 520 nm. Changes were also observed in the Zn L- and S K-edge x-ray absorption spectra, which are consistent with this interpretation. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Canadian Synchrotron Radiat Facil, Stoughton, WI 53589 USA. City Univ Hong Kong, COSDAF, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. City Univ Hong Kong, Dept Phys & Math Sci, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. Univ Western Ontario, Dept Chem, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada. RP Rosenberg, RA (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM rar@aps.anl.gov RI Rosenberg, Richard/K-3442-2012 NR 18 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 27 PY 2005 VL 86 IS 26 AR 263115 DI 10.1063/1.1984096 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 939RL UT WOS:000230090000064 ER PT J AU Young, DL Crandall, RS AF Young, DL Crandall, RS TI Strongly temperature-dependent free-energy barriers measured in a polycrystalline semiconductor SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MEYER-NELDEL RULE; SPECTROSCOPY; CUIN1-XGAXSE2; DEFECTS; STATES; TRAPS; BULK AB We measured temperature-dependent changes in free-energy barriers for emission of holes and electrons from metastable defects in polycrystalline CuIn1-xGaxSe2 using transient capacitance techniques. The free-energy barrier for holes increases by 17 meV, while the barrier for electrons decreases by 30 meV as the temperature increases from 380 to 400 K. The usual relation between thermal emission time and activation energy is reversed in this temperature range (we find a shorter emission time for the larger activation energy). Large entropy changes of +15 k(B) and -21 k(B) for the electron and hole emission, respectively, are calculated using transition-rate theory. These entropy terms in the free energy barrier account for the temperature dependences and the emission time inversion. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Young, DL (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM david_young@nrel.gov NR 20 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 27 PY 2005 VL 86 IS 26 AR 262107 DI 10.1063/1.1977211 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 939RL UT WOS:000230090000031 ER PT J AU Zhang, DQ Moore, S Wei, J Alkhateeb, A Gangadean, D Mahmood, H Lantrips, J McIlroy, DN LaLonde, AD Norton, MG Young, JS Wang, CM AF Zhang, DQ Moore, S Wei, J Alkhateeb, A Gangadean, D Mahmood, H Lantrips, J McIlroy, DN LaLonde, AD Norton, MG Young, JS Wang, CM TI Potassium chloride nanowire formation inside a microchannel glass array SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; GROWTH AB The synthesis of KCl nanowires has been achieved by atomic layer deposition inside high aspect ratio channels of microchannel glass. The average diameter of the KCl nanowires is 250 nm, with a minimum observed diameter of 50 nm, and lengths up to 5 mu m. The Cl precursor was TaCl5, while the source of K was determined to be impurities in the microchannel glass substrate. The process for KC1 nanowire formation is a three-step chemical process that simultaneously etches K from the substrate concomitant with the formation of chlorine gas. It is postulated that the curvature of the channels may influence the diameters of the KCl nanowires. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Idaho, Dept Phys, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. Washington State Univ, Sch Mech & Mat Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, WR Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP McIlroy, DN (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Dept Phys, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. EM dmcilroy@uidaho.edu RI Alkhateeb Aljaafari, Abdullah/G-2803-2016 OI Alkhateeb Aljaafari, Abdullah/0000-0001-7742-6665 NR 14 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 27 PY 2005 VL 86 IS 26 AR 263110 DI 10.1063/1.1977202 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 939RL UT WOS:000230090000059 ER PT J AU Rudd, DJ Sazinsky, MH Lippard, SJ Hedman, B Hodgson, KO AF Rudd, DJ Sazinsky, MH Lippard, SJ Hedman, B Hodgson, KO TI X-ray, absorption spectroscopic study of the reduced hydroxylases of methane monooxygenase and toluene/o-xylene monooxygenase: Differences in active site structure and effects of the coupling proteins MMOB and ToMOD SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID METHYLOCOCCUS-CAPSULATUS BATH; PSEUDOMONAS-STUTZERI OX1; METHYLOSINUS-TRICHOSPORIUM OB3B; DIIRON CENTER; COMPONENT-B; DIOXYGEN ACTIVATION; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; OXIDATION-STATES; CATALYTIC CYCLE; FINE-STRUCTURE AB The diiron active sites of the reduced hydroxylases from methane monooxygenase (MMOHred) and toluene/o-xylene monooxygenase (ToMOH(red)) have been investigated by X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). Results of Fe K-edge and extended X-ray absorption fine structure analysis reveal subtle differences between the hydroxylases that may be correlated to access of the active site. XAS data were also recorded for each hydroxylase in the presence of its respective coupling protein. MMOB affects the outer-shell scattering contributions in the diiron site of MMOHred, whereas ToMOD exerts its main effect on the first-shell ligation of ToMOH(red); it also causes a slight decrease in the Fe-Fe separation. These results provide an initial step toward delineating the differences in structure and reactivity in bacterial multicomponent monooxygenase proteins. C1 Stanford Univ, Dept Chem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. MIT, Dept Chem, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Dept Chem, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Hodgson, KO (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Chem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM hodgson@ssrl.slac.stanford.edu FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR-01209]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM-32134] NR 37 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD JUN 27 PY 2005 VL 44 IS 13 BP 4546 EP 4554 DI 10.1021/ic048794w PG 9 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 938EM UT WOS:000229982700019 PM 15962961 ER PT J AU Baskaran, D Mays, JW Bratcher, MS AF Baskaran, D Mays, JW Bratcher, MS TI Polymer adsorption in the grafting reactions of hydroxyl terminal polymers with multi-walled carbon nanotubes SO POLYMER LA English DT Article DE multi-walled carbon nanotubes; polymer grafting; non-covalent functionalization ID TRANSFER RADICAL POLYMERIZATION; SIDEWALL FUNCTIONALIZATION; SURFACE; SOLUBILIZATION AB Melt stirring of non-functional polymers such as poly(ethylene oxide) dimethylether (PEO-Me) and polystyrene (PS-H) with multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) in the absence of solvent for 48 h induced a substantial amount of polymer adsorption on the MWNTs. The chloroform extraction of the reaction products using centrifugation yielded black colored solutions exhibiting UV absorbance corresponding to the presence of MWNTs. The adsorption of polymer was confirmed on the surfaces of solvent washed residual and recovered MWNTs from the reactions using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and FT-IR spectroscopy. Covalent grafting reactions carried out using hydroxyl-terminated PEO-OH and PS-OH with acid chloride containing MWNTs under identical melt stirring condition produced similar results. The presence of polymer on the residual and recovered MWNTs irrespective of the nature of the terminal groups indicates that the adsorption of polymers poses a problem in accurately determining the grafting efficiency. FT IR spectra of the PEO-g-MWNTs shows a substantial shift in CH stretching vibrations indicating a plausible weak intermolecular interaction with pi electrons of the MWNTs. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, AMSRL,WM,MA, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Baskaran, D (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM baskaran@utk.edu RI Durairaj, Baskaran/C-3692-2009 OI Durairaj, Baskaran/0000-0002-6886-5604 NR 24 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 3 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0032-3861 J9 POLYMER JI Polymer PD JUN 27 PY 2005 VL 46 IS 14 BP 5050 EP 5057 DI 10.1016/j.polymer.2005.04.012 PG 8 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 937SJ UT WOS:000229945500009 ER PT J AU Celina, M Clough, R Jones, G AF Celina, M Clough, R Jones, G TI Polymer degradation initiated via infectious behavior SO POLYMER LA English DT Article DE polymer degradation; infectious processes; material interaction ID THERMAL-OXIDATION; CHEMILUMINESCENCE ANALYSIS; SOLID POLYPROPYLENE; MODEL AB Understanding polymer degradation phenomena is of critical importance for material reliability. A novel dual stage chemiluminescence detection system has been developed and applied to probe for material interaction effects during polymer degradation. Evidence is presented for the first time that in an oxidizing environment a degrading polymer A (in this case polypropylene, PP) is capable of infecting a different polymer B (in this case polybutadiene, HTPB) over a relatively large distance. In the presence of the degrading material A, the thermal degradation of polymer B is observed over a significantly shorter time period. Infectious intermediate volatiles front material A are able to initiate and shorten the degradation processes in material B. This observation documents infectious behavior that will have significant consequences for materials interactions, understanding material degradation processes and long-term aging effects in combined material exposures. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Celina, M (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM mccelin@sandia.gov NR 24 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0032-3861 J9 POLYMER JI Polymer PD JUN 27 PY 2005 VL 46 IS 14 BP 5161 EP 5164 DI 10.1016/j.polymer.2005.04.033 PG 4 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 937SJ UT WOS:000229945500021 ER PT J AU Szybist, JP Boehman, AL Taylor, JD McCormick, RL AF Szybist, JP Boehman, AL Taylor, JD McCormick, RL TI Evaluation of formulation strategies to eliminate the biodiesel NOx effect SO FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE biodiesel; diesel; NO; fuel formulation; bulk modulus; injection timing; emissions ID EMISSIONS; ENGINES AB In this paper, we explore the efficacy of (1) reducing the iodine value of soy-derived biodiesel fuels through increasing the methyl oleate (methyl ester of oleic acid) content and (2) addition of cetane improvers, as strategies to combat the biodiesel NOx effect: the increase in NOx emissions observed in most studies of biodiesel and biodiesel blends. This is accomplished by spiking a conventional soy-derived biodiesel fuel with methyl oleate or with cetane improver. The impact on bulk modulus of compressibility, fuel injection timing, cetane number, combustion, and emissions were examined. The conventional B20 blend produced a NOx increase of 3-5% relative to petroleum diesel, depending on injection timing. However, by using a B20 blend where the biodiesel portion contained 76% methyl oleate, the biodiesel NOx effect was eliminated and a NOx neutral blend was produced. The bulk modulus of petroleum diesel was measured to be 2% lower than 1320, yielding a shift in fuel injection timing of 0.1-0.3 crank angle. The bulk modulus of the high methyl oleate B20 blend was measured to be 0.5% lower than 1320, not enough to have a measurable impact on fuel injection timing. Increasing the methyl oleate portion of the biodiesel to 76% also had the effect of increasing the cetane number from 48.2 for conventional B20 to 50.4, but this effect is small compared to the increase to 53.5 achieved by adding 1000 ppm of 2-ethylhexyl nitrate (EHN) to B20. For the particular engine tested, NOx emissions were found to be insensitive to ignition delay, maximum cylinder temperature, and maximum rate of heat release. The dominant effect on NOx emissions was the timing of the combustion process, initiated by the start of injection, and propagated through the timing of maximum heat release rate and maximum temperature. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Penn State Univ, Energy Inst, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Ctr Transportat Technol & Syst, Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Boehman, AL (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Energy Inst, 405 Acad Act Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM boehman@ems.psu.edu RI Ye, Peng/E-2742-2010; McCormick, Robert/B-7928-2011 NR 18 TC 170 Z9 178 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-3820 J9 FUEL PROCESS TECHNOL JI Fuel Process. Technol. PD JUN 25 PY 2005 VL 86 IS 10 BP 1109 EP 1126 DI 10.1016/j.fuproc.2004.11.006 PG 18 WC Chemistry, Applied; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 930GJ UT WOS:000229403500006 ER PT J AU Chen, SY Dhruva, B Kurien, S Sreenivasan, KR Taylor, MA AF Chen, SY Dhruva, B Kurien, S Sreenivasan, KR Taylor, MA TI Anomalous scaling of low-order structure functions of turbulent velocity SO JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS LA English DT Article ID REYNOLDS-NUMBER TURBULENCE; EXTENDED SELF-SIMILARITY; FLOWS; STATISTICS AB It is now believed that the scaling exponents of moments of velocity increments are anomalous, or that the departures from Kolmogorov's (1941) self-similar scaling increase nonlinearly with the increasing order of the moment. This appears to be true whether one considers velocity increments themselves or their absolute values. However, moments of order lower than 2 of the absolute values of velocity increments have not been investigated thoroughly for anomaly. Here, we discuss the importance of the scaling of non-integer moments of order between +2 and -1, and obtain them from direct numerical simulations at moderate Taylor microscale Reynolds numbers R-lambda <= 450, and experimental data at high Reynolds numbers (R-lambda <= 10000). The relative difference between the measured exponents and Kolmogorov's prediction increases as the moment order decreases towards -1, thus showing that the anomaly is manifested in low-order moments as well. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Schlumberger Cambridge Res Ltd, Cambridge CB3 0EL, England. Los Alamos Natl Lab, CNLS, Los Alamos, NM 87505 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Math Modeling & Anal Grp T7, Los Alamos, NM 87505 USA. Int Ctr Theoret Phys, I-34014 Trieste, Italy. RP Chen, SY (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RI Chen, Shiyi/A-3234-2010 NR 26 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 3 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 USA SN 0022-1120 J9 J FLUID MECH JI J. Fluid Mech. PD JUN 25 PY 2005 VL 533 BP 183 EP 192 DI 10.1017/S002211200500443X PG 10 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA 948EK UT WOS:000230698600008 ER PT J AU Princevac, M Fernando, HJS Whiteman, CD AF Princevac, M Fernando, HJS Whiteman, CD TI Turbulent entrainment into natural gravity-driven flows SO JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS LA English DT Article ID SCHMIDT; PLUMES; LAYER AB Observations of entrainment into natural gravity-driven flows on sloping surfaces are described. It is shown that the laboratory-based entrainment law of Ellison & Turner (1959), which is often used for modelling of atmospheric and oceanic flows, underestimates the entrainment rates substantially, arguably due to the fact that the laboratory flows have been conducted at Reynolds numbers (Re less than or similar to 10(3)) below what is required for mixing transition (Re similar to 10(3)-10(4)) whereas natural flows occur at much higher Reynolds numbers (Re similar to 10(7)). A new entrainment law of the form E similar to Ri(-3/4) is proposed for the atmospheric Richardson number range 0.15 < Ri < 1.5. In contrast to the laboratory observation that entrainment ceases at Ri = 0.8, field observations show continuous entrainment over the entire Richardson number range. C1 Arizona State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Environm Fluid Dynam Program, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Mech Engn, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. NR 22 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 13 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0022-1120 EI 1469-7645 J9 J FLUID MECH JI J. Fluid Mech. PD JUN 25 PY 2005 VL 533 BP 259 EP 268 DI 10.1017/S0022112005004441 PG 10 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA 948EK UT WOS:000230698600012 ER PT J AU Guiochon, G AF Guiochon, G TI Csaba Horvath and preparative liquid chromatography SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Review DE HPLC; competitive isotherms; displacement chromatography; frontal analysis; gradient elution; isotherm determination; nonlinear chromatography; stoichiometric displacement model ID PERFORMANCE DISPLACEMENT CHROMATOGRAPHY; REVERSED-PHASE CHROMATOGRAPHY; NONPOLAR STATIONARY PHASES; ADSORPTION-ISOTHERMS; ION-EXCHANGE; OPERATING PARAMETERS; FRONTAL CHROMATOGRAPHY; LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY; OCTADECYL-SILICA; RAPID ANALYSIS AB Few chromatographers have been interested in furthering preparative liquid chromatography. The pioneers, Tswett, Kuhn and Lederer, A.J.P. Martin, Tiselius, isolated fractions but as an intermediate step in the analysis of their samples. The progress in electronics and sensors, and in their miniaturization has lead to the paradoxical situation that the analysts never see the transient pure fractions that their detector quantitates. Yet, over the last 25 years, preparative liquid chromatography has become an important industrial process for the separation, the extraction, and/or the purification of many pharmaceuticals or pharmaceutical intermediates, including pure enantiomers, purified peptides and proteins, compounds that are manufactured at the relatively large industrial scale of a few kilograms to several hundred tons per year. This development that has strongly affected the modem pharmaceutical industry is mainly due to the pioneering work of Csaba Horvath. His work in preparative HPLC was critical at both the practical and the theoretical levels. He was the first scientist in modem times to pay serious attention to the relationships between the curvature of the equilibrium isotherms, the competitive nature of nonlinear isotherms, and the chromatographic band profiles of complex mixtures. The thermodynamics of multi-component phase equilibria and mass transfer kinetics in chromatography attracted his interest and were the focus of ground-breaking contributions. He investigated displacement chromatography, an old method invented by Tiselius that Csaba was first to implement in HPLC. This choice was explained by the essential characteristic of displacement chromatography, in that it delivers fractions that can be far more concentrated than the feed. Remarkably, once the basics of nonlinear chromatography had been mastered in his group, most of the applications that were studied by his coworkers dealt with peptides of various sizes and with proteins. Thus, all the applications of preparative HPLC in the biotechnologies derive directly from Csaba's work. Although displacement did not pan out as a general method, the reasons are related more to practical constraints of the production of pharmaceuticals and to the long period of cheap energy that might be ending now. This report reviews Csaba's work in nonlinear chromatography. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Guiochon, G (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM guiochon@utk.edu NR 65 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD JUN 24 PY 2005 VL 1079 IS 1-2 BP 7 EP 23 DI 10.1016/j.chroma.2005.04.099 PG 17 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 941QB UT WOS:000230228200004 PM 16038287 ER PT J AU Steinberg, JT Gosling, JT Skoug, RM Wiens, RC AF Steinberg, JT Gosling, JT Skoug, RM Wiens, RC TI Suprathermal electrons in high-speed streams from coronal holes: Counterstreaming on open field lines at 1 AU SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID LARGE HELIOCENTRIC DISTANCES; SOLAR-WIND; INTERACTION REGIONS; COROTATING SHOCKS; PIONEER-10; EVOLUTION; MISSION; EVENTS; MODEL AB [ 1] Using ACE and Genesis data, suprathermal electron measurements within high-speed streams and their associated corotating interaction regions ( CIRs) have been analyzed. Enhanced fluxes of sunward streaming suprathermal electrons are consistently observed following the passage of a corotating interaction region ( CIR) over spacecraft at 1 AU. A backstreaming electron beam, produced at the CIR, is observed whether the CIRs are bounded by reverse shocks or reverse pressure waves. Because an antisunward directed electron strahl distribution is also normally present, electron counterstreaming results. Counterstreaming following CIRs can last for more than 2 days, after which time a 1 AU spacecraft is magnetically connected to a CIR at 3-5 AU. Although electron counterstreaming is frequently associated with closed field lines of interplanetary coronal mass ejections ( ICMEs), electron counterstreaming associated with CIRs occurs on open field lines. Occasionally, electron counterstreaming associated with CIR-produced suprathermal electrons is also seen within the slow wind preceding a CIR. In each such case observed the counterstreaming lasted less than 1 day. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Steinberg, JT (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663,MS D466, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM jsteinberg@lanl.gov NR 27 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD JUN 24 PY 2005 VL 110 IS A6 AR A06103 DI 10.1029/2005JA011027 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 940UP UT WOS:000230171400007 ER PT J AU Stajic, J Elezovic-Hadzic, S AF Stajic, J Elezovic-Hadzic, S TI Hamiltonian walks on Sierpinski and n-simplex fractals SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A-MATHEMATICAL AND GENERAL LA English DT Article ID SELF-AVOIDING WALKS; PACKED LOOP MODEL; COLLAPSE TRANSITION; CRITICAL-BEHAVIOR; COMPACT POLYMERS; LINEAR-POLYMERS; FIELD-THEORY; LATTICES; FAMILY; PATHS AB We study Hamiltonian walks (HWs) on Sierpinski and n-simplex fractals. Via numerical analysis of exact recursion relations for the number of HWs we calculate the connectivity constant omega and find the asymptotic behaviour of the number of HWs. Depending on whether or not the polymer collapse transition is possible on a studied lattice, different scaling relations for the number of HWs are obtained. These relations are, in general, different from the well-known form characteristic of homogeneous lattices which has thus far been assumed to also hold for fractal lattices. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Belgrade, Fac Phys, YU-11001 Belgrade, Serbia Monteneg. RP Stajic, J (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM jstajic@lanl.gov; suki@ff.bg.ac.yu NR 40 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0305-4470 J9 J PHYS A-MATH GEN JI J. Phys. A-Math. Gen. PD JUN 24 PY 2005 VL 38 IS 25 BP 5677 EP 5695 DI 10.1088/0305-4470/38/25/006 PG 19 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 950UW UT WOS:000230884600008 ER PT J AU Karpeev, D Schober, CM AF Karpeev, D Schober, CM TI Local Lagrangian formalism and discretization of the Heisenberg magnet model SO MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTERS IN SIMULATION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Nonlinear Evolution Equations and Wave Phenomena CY APR 07-10, 2003 CL Athens, GA SP IMACS DE multisymplectic structure; geometric integrators; finite element methods AB In this paper we develop the Lagrangian and multisymplectic structures of the Heisenberg magnet (HM) model which are then used as the basis for geometric discretizations of HM. Despite a topological obstruction to the existence of a global Lagrangian density, a local variational formulation allows one to derive local conservation laws using a version of Nother's theorem from the formal variational calculus of Gelfand-Dikii. Using the local Lagrangian form we extend the method of Marsden, Patrick and Schkoller to derive local multisymplectic discretizations directly from the variational principle. We employ a version of the finite element method to discretize the space of sections of the trivial magnetic spin bundle N = M x S-2 over an appropriate space-time M. Since sections do not form a vector space, the usual FEM bases can be used only locally with coordinate transformations intervening on element boundaries, and conservation properties are guaranteed only within an element. We discuss possible ways of circumventing this problem, including the use of a local version of the method of characteristics, non-polynomial FEM bases and Lie-group discretization methods. (c) 2005 IMACS. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Cent Florida, Dept Math, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Schober, CM (reprint author), Univ Cent Florida, Dept Math, POB 161364, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. EM karpeev@mcs.anl.gov; cschober@mail.ucf.edu NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4754 J9 MATH COMPUT SIMULAT JI Math. Comput. Simul. PD JUN 24 PY 2005 VL 69 IS 3-4 BP 304 EP 321 DI 10.1016/j.matcom.2005.01.007 PG 18 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA 938UT UT WOS:000230029600009 ER PT J AU Kevrekidis, PG Malomed, BA Frantzeskakis, DJ Bishop, AR Nistazakis, HE Carretero-Gonzalez, R AF Kevrekidis, PG Malomed, BA Frantzeskakis, DJ Bishop, AR Nistazakis, HE Carretero-Gonzalez, R TI Domain walls of single-component Bose-Einstein condensates in external potentials SO MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTERS IN SIMULATION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Nonlinear Evolution Equations and Wave Phenomena CY APR 07-10, 2003 CL Athens, GA SP IMACS DE domain wall; soliton; matter waves; optical lattice; Bose-Einstein condensation ID CONVECTION PATTERNS; SOLITONS; WAVE; DYNAMICS; BOUNDARIES; INSTABILITY; STABILITY; EQUATIONS; SYMMETRY; SYSTEMS AB We demonstrate the possibility of creating domain walls described by a single component Gross-Pitaevskii equation with attractive interactions, in the presence of an optical-lattice potential. While it is found that the domain wall is unstable in an infinite system, we show that the external magnetic trap can stabilize it. Stable solutions also include "twisted" domain walls, as well as asymmetric solitons. The results apply as well to spatial solitons in planar nonlinear optical waveguides with transverse modulation of the refractive index. (c) 2005 IMACS. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 San Diego State Univ, Dept Math & Stat, Nonlinear Dynam Syst Grp, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Dept Math & Stat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. Tel Aviv Univ, Fac Engn, Dept Interdisciplinary Studies, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. Univ Athens, Dept Phys, Athens 15784, Greece. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies & Theoret Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP San Diego State Univ, Dept Math & Stat, Nonlinear Dynam Syst Grp, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. EM carreter@sciences.sdsu.edu NR 53 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4754 EI 1872-7166 J9 MATH COMPUT SIMULAT JI Math. Comput. Simul. PD JUN 24 PY 2005 VL 69 IS 3-4 BP 334 EP 345 DI 10.1016/j.matcom.2005.01.016 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA 938UT UT WOS:000230029600011 ER PT J AU Hamilton, DJ Mamyan, VH Aniol, KA Annand, JRM Bertin, PY Bimbot, L Bosted, P Calarco, JR Camsonne, A Chang, GC Chang, TH Chen, JP Choi, S Chudakov, E Danagoulian, A Degtyarenko, P de Jager, CW Deur, A Dutta, D Egiyan, K Gao, H Garibaldi, F Gayou, O Gilman, R Glamazdin, A Glashausser, C Gomez, J Hansen, JO Hayes, D Higinbotham, D Hinton, W Horn, T Howell, C Hunyady, T Hyde-Wright, CE Jiang, X Jones, MK Khandaker, M Ketikyan, A Kubarovsky, V Kramer, K Kumbartzki, G Laveissiere, G LeRose, J Lindgren, RA Margaziotis, DJ Markowitz, P McCormick, K Meziani, ZE Michaels, R Moussiegt, P Nanda, S Nathan, AM Nikolenko, DM Nelyubin, V Norum, BE Paschke, K Pentchev, L Perdrisat, CF Piasetzky, E Pomatsalyuk, R Punjabi, VA Rachek, I Radyushkin, A Reitz, B Roche, R Roedelbronn, M Ron, G Sabatie, F Saha, A Savvinov, N Shahinyan, A Shestakov, Y Sirca, S Slifer, K Solvignon, P Stoler, P Tajima, S Sulkosky, V Todor, L Vlahovic, B Weinstein, LB Wang, K Wojtsekhowski, B Voskanyan, H Xiang, H Zheng, X Zhu, L AF Hamilton, DJ Mamyan, VH Aniol, KA Annand, JRM Bertin, PY Bimbot, L Bosted, P Calarco, JR Camsonne, A Chang, GC Chang, TH Chen, JP Choi, S Chudakov, E Danagoulian, A Degtyarenko, P de Jager, CW Deur, A Dutta, D Egiyan, K Gao, H Garibaldi, F Gayou, O Gilman, R Glamazdin, A Glashausser, C Gomez, J Hansen, JO Hayes, D Higinbotham, D Hinton, W Horn, T Howell, C Hunyady, T Hyde-Wright, CE Jiang, X Jones, MK Khandaker, M Ketikyan, A Kubarovsky, V Kramer, K Kumbartzki, G Laveissiere, G LeRose, J Lindgren, RA Margaziotis, DJ Markowitz, P McCormick, K Meziani, ZE Michaels, R Moussiegt, P Nanda, S Nathan, AM Nikolenko, DM Nelyubin, V Norum, BE Paschke, K Pentchev, L Perdrisat, CF Piasetzky, E Pomatsalyuk, R Punjabi, VA Rachek, I Radyushkin, A Reitz, B Roche, R Roedelbronn, M Ron, G Sabatie, F Saha, A Savvinov, N Shahinyan, A Shestakov, Y Sirca, S Slifer, K Solvignon, P Stoler, P Tajima, S Sulkosky, V Todor, L Vlahovic, B Weinstein, LB Wang, K Wojtsekhowski, B Voskanyan, H Xiang, H Zheng, X Zhu, L CA Jefferson Lab Hall A Collaboration TI Polarization transfer in proton Compton scattering at high momentum transfer SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PERTURBATIVE QCD; FORM-FACTORS; REAL AB Compton scattering from the proton was investigated at s=6.9 GeV2 and t=-4.0 GeV2 via polarization transfer from circularly polarized incident photons. The longitudinal and transverse components of the recoil proton polarization were measured. The results are in disagreement with a prediction of perturbative QCD based on a two-gluon exchange mechanism, but agree well with a prediction based on a reaction mechanism in which the photon interacts with a single quark carrying the spin of the proton. C1 Univ Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Calif State Univ Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90032 USA. Univ Clermont Ferrand, IN2P3, F-63177 Clermont Ferrand, France. Inst Phys Nucl, F-91406 Orsay, France. Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Temple Univ, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27708 USA. TUNL, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Sanita, I-00161 Rome, Italy. Inst Super Sanita, I-00161 Rome, Italy. Coll William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. Kharkov Phys & Technol Inst, UA-61108 Kharkov, Ukraine. Old Dominion Univ, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. Norfolk State Univ, Norfolk, VA 23504 USA. Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Troy, NY 12180 USA. Florida Int Univ, Miami, FL 33199 USA. CNRS, IN2P3, Inst Sci Nucl, F-38016 Grenoble, France. Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. St Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, Gatchina 188350, Russia. Tel Aviv Univ, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. N Carolina Cent Univ, Durham, NC 27707 USA. RP Hamilton, DJ (reprint author), Univ Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. RI Gao, Haiyan/G-2589-2011; Mamyan, Vahe/K-4778-2012; Higinbotham, Douglas/J-9394-2014; Sabatie, Franck/K-9066-2015 OI Higinbotham, Douglas/0000-0003-2758-6526; Sabatie, Franck/0000-0001-7031-3975 NR 26 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 24 PY 2005 VL 94 IS 24 AR 242001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.242001 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 939SF UT WOS:000230092000015 ER PT J AU Parish, MM Mihaila, B Simons, BD Littlewood, PB AF Parish, MM Mihaila, B Simons, BD Littlewood, PB TI Fermion-mediated BCS-BEC crossover in ultracold K-40 gases SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID BOSE-CONDENSATION; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AB Studies of Feshbach resonance phenomena in fermionic alkali gases have drawn heavily on the intuition afforded by a Fermi-Bose theory which presents the Feshbach molecule as a featureless Bose particle. While this model may provide a suitable platform to explore the Li-6 system, we argue that its application to K-40, where the hyperfine structure is inverted, is inappropriate. Introducing a three-state Fermi model, where a spin state is shared by the open and closed channel states, we show that effects of "Pauli blocking" appear in the internal structure of the condensate wave function. C1 Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Lab, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Parish, MM (reprint author), Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Lab, Madingley Rd, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England. RI Cavendish, TCM/C-9489-2009; Littlewood, Peter/B-7746-2008; Mihaila, Bogdan/D-8795-2013; Parish, Meera/E-5102-2013 OI Mihaila, Bogdan/0000-0002-1489-8814; NR 18 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 24 PY 2005 VL 94 IS 24 AR 240402 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.240402 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 939SF UT WOS:000230092000002 ER PT J AU Zarand, G Moca, CP Janko, B AF Zarand, G Moca, CP Janko, B TI Scaling theory of magnetoresistance in disordered local moment ferromagnets SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID COLOSSAL-MAGNETORESISTANCE; CARRIER DENSITY; LOW-TEMPERATURE; LOCALIZATION; SYSTEMS; CONDUCTIVITY; MANGANITES; DEPENDENCE; ANOMALIES AB We present a scaling theory of magnetotransport in Anderson-localized disordered ferromagnets. Within our framework a pronounced magnetic-field-sensitive resistance peak emerges naturally for temperatures near the magnetic phase transition. We find that the resistance anomaly is a direct consequence of the change in localization length caused by the magnetic transition. For increasing values of the external magnetic field, the resistance peak is gradually depleted and pushed towards higher temperatures. Our results are in good agreement with magnetoresistance measurements on a variety of disorder magnets. C1 Budapest Univ Technol & Econ, H-1521 Budapest, Hungary. Univ Oradea, Dept Phys, Oradea 410087, Romania. Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Univ Notre Dame, Inst Theoret Sci, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Zarand, G (reprint author), Budapest Univ Technol & Econ, H-1521 Budapest, Hungary. RI Zarand, Gergely/D-4571-2009; Moca, Catalin Pascu/D-9507-2014 NR 27 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 24 PY 2005 VL 94 IS 24 AR 247202 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.247202 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 939SF UT WOS:000230092000054 ER PT J AU Zhou, GW Slaughter, WS Yang, JC AF Zhou, GW Slaughter, WS Yang, JC TI Terraced hollow oxide pyramids SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID OXIDATION; GROWTH; NANOSTRUCTURES; SURFACES; ALLOYS; METALS; NICKEL; OXYGEN AB We report in situ transmission electron microscope dynamic observations of the growth of Cu2O islands during oxidation of (001)Cu thin films at similar to 900 degrees C, which show that the oxide islands have an initially square shape that transits to a terraced pyramid morphology as growth proceeds. The surface topology obtained from ex situ atomic force microscopy observation indicates that the terraced oxide pyramids have a hollow structure. A simple mechanical mechanism based on elastic-plastic deformation is proposed to explain the formation of this completely new oxide structure. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Mech Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. RP Zhou, GW (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 18 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 24 PY 2005 VL 94 IS 24 AR 246101 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.246101 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 939SF UT WOS:000230092000037 ER PT J AU Taatjes, CA Hansen, N McIlroy, A Miller, JA Senosiain, JP Klippenstein, SJ Qi, F Sheng, LS Zhang, YW Cool, TA Wang, J Westmoreland, PR Law, ME Kasper, T Kohse-Hoinghaus, K AF Taatjes, CA Hansen, N McIlroy, A Miller, JA Senosiain, JP Klippenstein, SJ Qi, F Sheng, LS Zhang, YW Cool, TA Wang, J Westmoreland, PR Law, ME Kasper, T Kohse-Hoinghaus, K TI Enols are common intermediates in hydrocarbon oxidation SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID OXIDE FUEL-CELL; VINYL ALCOHOL; COMBUSTION; ISOMERS; ETHANOL; FLAME; ACETALDEHYDE; EMISSIONS; KINETICS; SYSTEMS AB Models for chemical mechanisms of hydrocarbon oxidation rely on spectrometric identification of molecular structures in flames. Carbonyl (keto) compounds are well-established combustion intermediates. However, their less-stable enol tautomers, bearing OH groups adjacent to carbon-carbon double bonds, are not included in standard models. We observed substantial quantities of two-, three-, and four-carbon enols by photoionization mass spectrometry of flames burning representative compounds from modern fuel blends. Concentration profiles demonstrate that enol flame chemistry cannot be accounted for purely by keto-enol tautomerization. Currently accepted hydrocarbon oxidation mechanisms will likely require revision to explain the formation and reactivity, of these unexpected compounds. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Colorado, JILA, Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Univ Sci & Technol China, Natl Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Hefei 230026, Anhui, Peoples R China. Cornell Univ, Sch Appl & Engn Phys, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Dept Chem Engn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. Univ Bielefeld, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany. RP Taatjes, CA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Mail Stop 9055, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM cataatj@sandia.gov RI Kohse-Hoinghaus, Katharina/A-3867-2012; Hansen, Nils/G-3572-2012; Qi, Fei/A-3722-2012; Kasper, Tina/A-2975-2017 OI Kasper, Tina/0000-0003-3993-5316 NR 27 TC 210 Z9 225 U1 11 U2 128 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JUN 24 PY 2005 VL 308 IS 5730 BP 1887 EP 1889 DI 10.1126/science.1112532 PG 3 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 940BZ UT WOS:000230120000033 PM 15890844 ER PT J AU Mirica, LM Vance, M Rudd, DJ Hedman, B Hodgson, KO Solomon, EI Stack, TDP AF Mirica, LM Vance, M Rudd, DJ Hedman, B Hodgson, KO Solomon, EI Stack, TDP TI Tyrosinase reactivity in a model complex: An alternative hydroxylation mechanism SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID SIDE-ON PEROXO; (2+) CORE; PHENOLASE ACTIVITY; DIOXYGEN; OXYGENATION; BINDING; LIGAND; INTERMEDIATE; REDUCTION; CHEMISTRY AB The binuclear copper enzyme tyrosinase activates O-2 to form a mu-eta(2):eta(2)-peroxodicopper(II) complex, which oxidizes phenols to catechols. Here, a synthetic mu-eta(2):eta(2)-peroxodicopper(II) complex, with an absorption spectrum similar to that of the enzymatic active oxidant, is reported to rapidly hydroxylate phenolates at -80 degrees C. Upon phenolate addition at extreme temperature in solution (-120 degrees C), a reactive intermediate consistent with a bis-mu-oxodicopper(III)phenolate complex, with the O-O bond fully cleaved, is observed experimentally. The subsequent hydroxylation step has the hallmarks of an electrophilic aromatic substitution mechanism, similar to tyrosinase. Overall, the evidence for sequential O-O bond cleavage and C-O bond formation in this synthetic complex suggests an alternative intimate mechanism to the concerted or late stage O-O bond scission generally accepted for the phenol hydroxylation reaction performed by tyrosinase. C1 Stanford Univ, Dept Chem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Hedman, B (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Chem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM hedman@ssrl.slac.stanford.edu; hodgson@ssrl.slac.stanford.edu; edward.solomon@stanford.edu; stack@stanford.edu FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR01209]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK31450]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM50730] NR 26 TC 169 Z9 170 U1 4 U2 31 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JUN 24 PY 2005 VL 308 IS 5730 BP 1890 EP 1892 DI 10.1126/science.1112081 PG 3 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 940BZ UT WOS:000230120000034 PM 15976297 ER PT J AU Lin, JF Sturhahn, W Zhao, JY Shen, GY Mao, HK Hemley, RJ AF Lin, JF Sturhahn, W Zhao, JY Shen, GY Mao, HK Hemley, RJ TI Sound velocities of hot dense iron: Birch's law revisited SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID DIAMOND-ANVIL CELL; SITU X-RAY; NUCLEAR RESONANT SCATTERING; EARTHS INNER-CORE; HIGH-PRESSURE; GRUNEISEN-PARAMETER; OF-STATES; 300 GPA; EPSILON-IRON; TEMPERATURE AB Sound velocities of hexagonal close-packed iron (hcp-Fe) were measured at pressures up to 73 gigapascals and at temperatures up to 1700 kelvin with nuclear inelastic x-ray scattering in a laser-heated diamond anvil cell. The compressional-wave velocities (V-p) and shear-wave velocities (V-S) of hcp-Fe decreased significantly with increasing temperature under moderately high pressures. V-P and V-S under high pressures and temperatures thus cannot be fitted to a linear relation, Birch's law, which has been used to extrapolate measured sound velocities to densities of iron in Earth's interior. This result means that there are more light elements in Earth's core than have been inferred from linear extrapolation at room temperature. C1 Carnegie Inst Washington, Geophys Lab, Washington, DC 20015 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Lin, JF (reprint author), Carnegie Inst Washington, Geophys Lab, 5251 Broad Branch Rd NW, Washington, DC 20015 USA. EM j.lin@gl.ciw.edu RI Lin, Jung-Fu/B-4917-2011; Shen, Guoyin/D-6527-2011 NR 32 TC 84 Z9 89 U1 1 U2 17 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JUN 24 PY 2005 VL 308 IS 5730 BP 1892 EP 1894 DI 10.1126/science.1111724 PG 3 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 940BZ UT WOS:000230120000035 PM 15976298 ER PT J AU Ram, RJ VerBerkmoes, NC Thelen, MP Tyson, GW Baker, BJ Blake, RC Shah, M Hettich, RL Banfield, JF AF Ram, RJ VerBerkmoes, NC Thelen, MP Tyson, GW Baker, BJ Blake, RC Shah, M Hettich, RL Banfield, JF TI Community proteomics of a natural microbial biofilm SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ACID-MINE DRAINAGE; LEPTOSPIRILLUM-FERROOXIDANS; SHOTGUN PROTEOMICS; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; YEAST PROTEOME; IRON; IDENTIFICATION; CHROMATOGRAPHY; METABOLISM; PEPTIDE AB Using genomic and mass spectrometry-based proteomic methods, we evaluated gene expression, identified key activities, and examined partitioning of metabolic functions in a natural acid mine drainage (AMD) microbial biofilm community. We detected 2033 proteins from the five most abundant species in the biofilm, including 48% of the predicted proteins from the dominant biofilm organism, Leptospirillum group II. Proteins involved in protein refolding and response to oxidative stress appeared to be highly expressed, which suggests that damage to biomolecules is a key challenge for survival. We validated and estimated the relative abundance and cellular localization of 357 unique and 215 conserved novel proteins and determined that one abundant novel protein is a cytochrome central to iron oxidation and AMD formation. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Tennessee, Grad Sch Genome Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biosci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Xavier Univ, Coll Pharm, New Orleans, LA 70125 USA. RP Banfield, JF (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jill@seismo.berkeley.edu RI Thelen, Michael/C-6834-2008; Tyson, Gene/C-6558-2013; Thelen, Michael/G-2032-2014; Baker, Brett/P-1783-2014; Hettich, Robert/N-1458-2016 OI Thelen, Michael/0000-0002-2479-5480; Thelen, Michael/0000-0002-2479-5480; Baker, Brett/0000-0002-5971-1021; Hettich, Robert/0000-0001-7708-786X NR 26 TC 396 Z9 433 U1 8 U2 110 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JUN 24 PY 2005 VL 308 IS 5730 BP 1915 EP 1920 DI 10.1126/science. 1109070 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 940BZ UT WOS:000230120000042 PM 15879173 ER PT J AU Sturhahn, W Jackson, JM Lin, JF AF Sturhahn, W Jackson, JM Lin, JF TI The spin state of iron in minerals of Earth's lower mantle SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HIGH-PRESSURE; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; PHASE-TRANSITION; FERRIC IRON; PEROVSKITE; CHEMISTRY; OXIDES; GPA AB [ 1] The spin state of Fe( II) and Fe( III) at temperatures and pressures typical for the Earth's lower mantle is discussed. We predict an extended high-spin to low-spin crossover region along the geotherm for Fe-dilute systems depending on crystal-field splitting, pairing energy, and cooperative interactions. In particular, spin transitions in ferromagnesium silicate perovskite and ferropericlase, the dominant lower mantle components, should occur in a wide temperature-pressure range. We also derive a gradual volume change associated with such transitions in the lower mantle. The gradual density changes and the wide spin crossover regions seem incompatible with lower mantle stratification resulting from a spin transition. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Geol, Urbana, IL 60801 USA. Carnegie Inst Washington, Geophys Lab, Washington, DC 20015 USA. RP Sturhahn, W (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM sturhahn@aps.anl.gov RI Lin, Jung-Fu/B-4917-2011 NR 27 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 3 U2 13 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JUN 23 PY 2005 VL 32 IS 12 AR L12307 DI 10.1029/2005GL022802 PG 5 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 940TZ UT WOS:000230169700005 ER PT J AU Gao, YD Macdonald, RG AF Gao, YD Macdonald, RG TI Determination of the rate constants for the NCO((XII)-I-2)+Cl(P-2) and Cl(P-2)+CINCO(X(1)A ') reactions at 293 and 345 K SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID PHOTODISSOCIATION DYNAMICS; RECOMBINATION REACTIONS; CHLORINE ISOCYANATE; MICROWAVE-SPECTRUM; GAS-PHASE; NCO; CL; KINETICS; SYSTEM; STATES AB The rate constant for the reaction of the isocyanato radical, NCO(X(2)Pi) with chlorine atoms, Cl(P-2), has been measured at 293 +/- 2 and 345 +/- 3 K to be (6.9 +/- 3.8) x 10(-11) and (4.0 +/- 2.2) x 10(-11) cm(3) molecules(-1) s,(-1) respectively, where the uncertainties include both random and systematic errors. The measurements were carried out at pressures of 1.3-6.2 Torr with either Ar or CF4 as the bath gas and were independent of both pressure and nature of the third body. Equal concentrations of NCO and Cl atoms were created by 248 nm photolysis of CINCO. The reaction was monitored by following the temporal dependence of NCO(X(2)Pi) using time-resolved infrared absorption spectroscopy on rotational transitions of the NCO(10(1)1) <- (00(1)0) combination band. The reaction rate constant was determined by using a simple chemical model and minimizing the sum of the residuals between the experimental and computer generated temporal NCO concentration profiles. The reaction Cl + CINCO -> Cl-2 + NCO was found to contribute to the observed NCO. The rate constant for this reaction was found to be (2.4 +/- 1.6) x 10(-13) and (1.9 +/- 1.2) x 10(-13) cm(3) molecules(-1) s,(-1) at 293 and 345 K, respectively, where the uncertainties include both random and systematic erTor. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Macdonald, RG (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM rgmacdonald@anl.gov NR 59 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD JUN 23 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 24 BP 5388 EP 5397 DI 10.1021/jp058038r PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 936PC UT WOS:000229866900019 PM 16839064 ER PT J AU Clark, AE Martin, RL Hay, PJ Green, JC Jantunen, KC Kiplinger, JL AF Clark, AE Martin, RL Hay, PJ Green, JC Jantunen, KC Kiplinger, JL TI Electronic structure, excited states, and photoelectron spectra of uranium, thorium, and zirconium bis(ketimido) complexes (C5R5)(2)M[-NCPh2](2) (M = Th, U, Zr; R = H, CH3) SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; ELEMENT ORGANOMETALLIC COMPLEXES; VARIABLE PHOTON ENERGY; METAL CHARGE-TRANSFER; EXCITATION-ENERGIES; RESPONSE THEORY; SPECTROSCOPY; MOLECULES; VALENCE; IMPLEMENTATION AB Organometallic actinide bis(ketimide) complexes (C5Me5)(2)An[-N=C(Ph)(R)](2) (where R = Ph, Me, and CH2Ph) of thorium(IV) and uranium(IV) have recently been synthesized that exhibit chemical, structural, and spectroscopic (UV-Visible, resonance-enhanced Raman) evidence for unusual actinide-ligand bonding. [Da Re et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2005, 127, 682; Jantunen et al., Organometallics, 2004, 23, 4682; Morris et al., Organometallics, 2004, 23, 5142.] Similar evidence has been observed for the group 4 analogue (C5H5)(2)-Zr[-N=CPh2](2). [Da Re et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2005, 127, 682.] These compounds have important implications for the development of new heavy-element systems that possess novel electronic and magnetic properties. Here, we have investigated M-ketimido bonding (M = Th, U, Zr), as well as the spectroscopic properties of the highly colored bis-ketimido complexes, using density functional theory (DFT). Photoelectron spectroscopy (PES) has been used to experimentally elucidate the ground-state electronic structure of the thorium and uranium systems. Careful examination of the ground-state electronic structure, as well as a detailed modeling of the photoelectron spectra, reveals similar bonding interactions between the thorium and uranium compounds. Using time-dependent DFT (TDDFT), we have assigned the bands in the previously reported UV-Visible spectra for (C5Me5)(2)Th[-N=CPh2](2), (C5Me5)(2)U[-N=CPh2](2), and (C5H5)(2)Zr[-N=CPh2](2). The low-energy transitions are attributed to ligand-localized N p -> C=N pi* excitations. These excited states may be either localized on a single ketimido unit or may be of the ligand-ligand charge-transfer type. Higher-energy transitions are cyclopentadienyl pi -> CN pi* or cyclopentadienyl pi -> phenyl pi* in character. The lowest-energy excitation in the (C5Me5)(2)U[-N Ph-2](2) compound is attributed to f-f and metal-ligand charge-transfer transitions that are not available in the thorium and zirconium analogues. Geometry optimization and vibrational analysis of the lowest-energy triplet state of the zirconium and thorium compounds also aids in the assignment and understanding of the resonance-enhanced Raman data that has recently been reported. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Oxford, Inorgan Chem Lab, Oxford OX1 3QR, England. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Clark, AE (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Mail Stop B268, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM auclark@lanl.gov RI Kiplinger, Jaqueline/B-9158-2011 OI Kiplinger, Jaqueline/0000-0003-0512-7062 NR 39 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD JUN 23 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 24 BP 5481 EP 5491 DI 10.1021/jp050339d PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 936PC UT WOS:000229866900031 PM 16839076 ER PT J AU Eah, SK Jaeger, HM Scherer, NF Wiederrecht, GP Lin, XM AF Eah, SK Jaeger, HM Scherer, NF Wiederrecht, GP Lin, XM TI Scattered light interference from a single metal nanoparticle and its mirror image SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Letter ID SILVER NANOPARTICLES; SPONTANEOUS-EMISSION; FLUORESCENCE; RESONANCE; SURFACE; ATOM AB The spatial distribution of surface plasmon scattering from a single nanoparticle changes dramatically near a metal surface as a result of interference from the direct scattered light and indirect scattered light from the mirror reflection. The unique interference patterns have been reproduced by Simulations based on Huygens-Fresnel wave propagation theory. The large spectral width of the surface plasmon scattering enables a vertical distance measurement with 10 nm resolution through this nonintrusive far field interferometry. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Chicago, James Franck Inst, Dept Chem, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Chicago, James Franck Inst, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Lin, XM (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM xmlin@anl.gov RI Eah, Sang-Kee/E-2343-2012 NR 25 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD JUN 23 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 24 BP 11858 EP 11861 DI 10.1021/jp0511395 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 936PG UT WOS:000229867300002 PM 16852457 ER PT J AU Barnard, AS Russo, SP Snook, IK AF Barnard, AS Russo, SP Snook, IK TI First-principles modeling of dopants in C-29 and C29H24 nanodiamonds SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID DIAMOND SINGLE-CRYSTALS; AB-INITIO; DOPED DIAMOND; ELECTRONIC STATES; HYDROGEN COMPLEXES; ENDOHEDRAL ATOMS; CARBON-FILMS; PHOSPHORUS; STABILITY; FULLERENE AB Presented here is our continuing first-principles density functional theory study of the structural stability of a select group of dopants in diamond nanocrystals. On the basis of the work of others concerning dopants in diamond and endohedral atoms in fullerenes, the dopants selected for use here are oxygen, aluminum, silicon, phosphorus, and sulfur. These atoms were included substitutionally in the center of a 29-carbon-atom nanodiamond crystal, and each structure was relaxed using the Vienna Ab Initio Simulation Package. We describe the bonding and structure of the relaxed doped nanocrystals via examination of the electron charge density and point group symmetry. In combination with our previously reported results, it is anticipated that these results will assist in providing a better understanding of the mechanical stability of doped nanodiamonds for use in diamond nanodevices. C1 RMIT Univ, Sch Appl Sci, Melbourne, Vic 3001, Australia. Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Russo, SP (reprint author), RMIT Univ, Sch Appl Sci, GPO Box 2476V, Melbourne, Vic 3001, Australia. EM salvy.russo@rmit.edu.au RI Barnard, Amanda/A-7340-2011; snook, ian/A-3427-2009; Russo, Salvy/E-5837-2011; OI Barnard, Amanda/0000-0002-4784-2382; Russo, Salvy/0000-0003-3589-3040 NR 54 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD JUN 23 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 24 BP 11991 EP 11995 DI 10.1021/jp051519q PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 936PG UT WOS:000229867300024 PM 16852479 ER PT J AU Miyabe, K Guiochon, G AF Miyabe, K Guiochon, G TI Extrathermodynamic study of surface diffusion in reversed-phase liquid chromatography with silica gels bonded with alkyl ligands of different chain lengths SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID ENTHALPY-ENTROPY COMPENSATION; COLUMN RADIAL HETEROGENEITY; MASS-TRANSFER; LINEAR CHROMATOGRAPHY; RESTRICTED DIFFUSION; MOLECULAR-DIFFUSION; HOMOLOGOUS SERIES; MOBILE-PHASE; PERFORMANCE; RETENTION AB Surface diffusion on adsorbents made of silica gels bonded to C-1, C-4, C-8, and C-18 alkyl ligands was studied in reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC) from the viewpoints of two extrathermodynamic relationships: enthalpy-entropy compensation (EEC) and linear free-energy relationship (LFER). First, the values of the surface diffusion coefficient (D-s), normalized by the density of the alkyl ligands, were analyzed with the modified Arrhenius equation, following the four approaches proposed in earlier research. This showed that an actual EEC resulting from substantial physicochemical effects occurs for surface diffusion and suggested a mechanistic similarity of molecular migration by surface diffusion, irrespective of the alkyl chain length. Second, a new model based on EEC was derived to explain the LFER between the logarithms of D-s measured under different RPLC conditions. This showed that the changes of free energy, enthalpy, and entropy of surface diffusion are linearly correlated with the carbon number in the alkyl ligands of the bonded phases and that the contribution of the C-18 ligand to the changes of the thermodynamic parameters corresponds to that of the C-10 ligand. The new LFER model correlates the slope and intercept of the LFER to the compensation temperatures derived from the EEC analyses and to several parameters characterizing the molecular contributions to the changes in enthalpy and entropy. Finally, the new model was used to estimate D-s under various RPLC conditions. The values of D-s that were estimated from only two original experimental D-s data were in agreement with corresponding experimental D-s values, with relative errors of similar to 20%, irrespective of some RPLC conditions. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Toyama Univ, Fac Engn, Toyama 9308555, Japan. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Guiochon, G (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. NR 56 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD JUN 23 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 24 BP 12038 EP 12048 DI 10.1021/jp058028q PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 936PG UT WOS:000229867300030 PM 16852485 ER PT J AU Henderson, MA AF Henderson, MA TI Photooxidation of acetone on TiO2(110): Conversion to acetate via methyl radical ejection SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID HETEROGENEOUS PHOTOCATALYTIC OXIDATION; GAS-PHASE; PHOTODISSOCIATION DYNAMICS; TROPOSPHERIC CONDITIONS; ORGANIC-MOLECULES; TITANIUM-DIOXIDE; GASEOUS ACETONE; SINGLE-CRYSTAL; TIO2 SURFACES; MASS-SPECTRA AB It is generally held that radicals form and participate in heterogeneous photocatalytic processes on oxide surfaces, although understanding the mechanistic origins and fates of such species is difficult. In this study, photodesorption and thermal desorption techniques show that acetone is converted into acetate on the surface of TiO2 (110) in a two-step process that involves, first, a thermal reaction between acetone and coadsorbed oxygen to make a surface acetone-oxygen complex, followed second by a pholocatalytic reaction that ejects a methyl radical from the surface and converts the acetone-oxygen complex into acetate. Designation of the photodesorption species to methyl radicals was confirmed using isotopically labeled acetone. The yield of photodesorbed methyl radicals correlates well with the amount of acetone depleted and with the yield of acetate left on the surface, both gauged using postirradiation temperature programmed desorption (TPD). The thermal reaction between adsorbed acetone and oxygen to form the acetone-oxygen complex exhibits an approximate activation barrier of about 10 kJ/mol. A prerequisite to this reaction is the presence of surface Ti3+ sites that enable O-2 adsorption. Creation of these sites by Vacuum reduction of the surface prior to acetone and oxygen coadsorption results in an initial spike in the acetone photooxidation rate, but replenishment of these sites by photolytic means (i.e., by trapping excited electrons at the surface) appears to be a slow step in a sustained reaction. Evidence in this study for the ejection of organic radicals from the surface during photooxidation catalysis on TiO2 provides support for mechanistic pathways that involve both adsorbed and nonadsorbed species. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Interfacial Chem & Engn Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Henderson, MA (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Interfacial Chem & Engn Grp, POB 999,MS K8-93, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM ma.henderson@pnl.gov NR 72 TC 78 Z9 78 U1 5 U2 31 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD JUN 23 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 24 BP 12062 EP 12070 DI 10.1021/jp0507546 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 936PG UT WOS:000229867300033 PM 16852488 ER PT J AU Abazov, V Abbott, B Abdesselam, A Abolins, M Abramov, V Acharya, BS Adams, DL Adams, M Ahmed, SN Alexeev, GD Alton, A Alves, GA Arnoud, Y Avila, C Babintsev, VV Babukhadia, L Bacon, TC Baden, A Baffioni, S Baldin, B Balm, PW Banerjee, S Barberis, E Baringer, P Barreto, J Bartlett, KF Bassler, U Bauer, D Bean, A Beaudette, F Begel, M Belyaev, A Beri, SB Bernardi, G Bertram, I Besson, A Beuselinck, R Bezzubov, VA Bhat, PC Bhatnagar, V Bhattacharjee, M Blazey, G Blekman, F Blessing, S Boehnlein, A Bojko, NI Bolton, TA Borcherding, F Bos, K Bose, T Brandt, A Briskin, G Brock, R Brooijmans, G Bross, A Buchholz, D Buehler, M Buescher, V Burtovoi, VS Butler, JM Canelli, F Carvalho, W Casey, D Castilla-Valdez, H Chakraborty, D Chan, KM Chekulaev, SV Cho, DK Choi, S Chopra, S Claes, D Clark, AR Connolly, B Cooper, WE Coppage, D Crepe-Renaudin, S Cummings, MAC Cutts, D da Motta, H Davis, GA De, K de Jong, SJ Demarteau, M Demina, R Demine, P Denisov, D Denisov, SP Desai, S Diehl, HT Diesburg, M Doulas, S Dudko, LV Duflot, L Dugad, SR Duperrin, A Dyshkant, A Edmunds, D Ellison, J Eltzroth, JT Elvira, V Engelmann, R Eno, S Ermolov, P Eroshin, OV Estrada, J Evans, H Evdokimov, VN Ferbel, T Filthaut, F Fisk, HE Fortner, M Fox, H Fu, S Fuess, S Gallas, E Galyaev, AN Gao, M Gavrilov, V Genser, K Gerber, CE Gershtein, Y Ginther, G Gomez, B Goncharov, PI Gounder, K Goussiou, A Grannis, PD Greenlee, H Greenwood, ZD Grinstein, S Groer, L Grunendahl, S Gurzhiev, SN Gutierrez, G Gutierrez, P Hadley, NJ Haggerty, H Hagopian, S Hagopian, V Hall, RE Han, C Hansen, S Hauptman, JM Hebert, C Hedin, D Heinmiller, JM Heinson, AP Heintz, U Hildreth, MD Hirosky, R Hobbs, JD Hoeneisen, B Huang, J Huang, Y Iashvili, I Illingworth, R Ito, AS Jaffre, M Jain, S Jain, V Jesik, R Johns, K Johnson, M Jonckheere, A Jostlein, H Juste, A Kahl, W Kahn, S Kajfasz, E Kalinin, AM Karmanov, D Karmgard, D Kehoe, R Kesisoglou, S Khanov, A Kharchilava, A Klima, B Kohli, JM Kostritskiy, AV Kotcher, J Kothari, B Kozelov, AV Kozlovsky, EA Krane, J Krishnaswamy, MR Krivkova, P Krzywdzinski, S Kubantsev, M Kuleshov, S Kulik, Y Kunori, S Kupco, A Kuznetsov, VE Landsberg, G Lee, WM Leflat, A Lehner, F Leonidopoulos, C Li, J Li, QZ Lima, JGR Lincoln, D Linn, SL Linnemann, J Lipton, R Lueking, L Lundstedt, C Luo, C Maciel, AKA Madaras, RJ Malyshev, VL Manankov, V Mao, HS Marshall, T Martin, MI Mattingly, SEK Mayorov, AA McCarthy, R McMahon, T Melanson, HL Melnitchouk, A Merkin, M Merritt, KW Miao, C Miettinen, H Mihalcea, D Mokhov, N Mondal, NK Montgomery, HE Moore, RW Mutaf, YD Nagy, E Narain, M Narasimharn, VS Naumann, NA Neal, HA Negret, JP Nelson, S Nomerotski, A Nunnemann, T O'Neil, D Oguri, V Oshima, N Padley, P Parashar, N Partridge, R Parua, N Patwa, A Peters, O Petroffe, P Piegaia, R Pope, BG Prosper, HB Protopopescu, S Reay, NW Reucroft, S Ridel, M Rijssenbeek, M Rizatdinova, F Rockwell, T Royon, C Rubinov, P Ruchti, R Sabirov, BM Sajot, G Santoro, A Sawyer, L Schamberger, RD Schellman, H Schwartzman, A Shabalina, E Shivpuri, RK Shpakov, D Shupe, M Sidwell, RA Simak, V Sirotenko, V Slattery, P Smith, RP Snow, GR Snow, J Snyder, S Solomon, J Song, Y Sorin, V Sosebee, M Sotnikova, N Soustruznik, K Souza, M Stanton, NR Steinbruck, G Stoker, D Stolin, V Stone, A Stoyanova, DA Strang, MA Strauss, M Strovink, M Stutte, L Sznajder, A Talby, M Taylor, W Tentindo-Repond, S Trippe, TG Turcot, AS Tuts, PM Van Kooten, R Vaniev, V Varelas, N Villeneuve-Seguier, F Volkov, AA Vorobiev, AP Wahl, HD Wang, ZM Warchol, J Watts, G Wayne, M Weerts, H White, A Whiteson, D Wijngaarden, DA Willis, S Wimpenny, SJ Womersley, J Wood, DR Xu, Q Yamada, R Yasuda, T Yatsunenko, YA Yip, K Yu, J Zanabria, M Zhang, X Zhou, B Zhou, Z Zielinski, M Zieminska, D Zieminski, A Zutshi, V Zverev, EG Zylberstejn, A AF Abazov, V Abbott, B Abdesselam, A Abolins, M Abramov, V Acharya, BS Adams, DL Adams, M Ahmed, SN Alexeev, GD Alton, A Alves, GA Arnoud, Y Avila, C Babintsev, VV Babukhadia, L Bacon, TC Baden, A Baffioni, S Baldin, B Balm, PW Banerjee, S Barberis, E Baringer, P Barreto, J Bartlett, KF Bassler, U Bauer, D Bean, A Beaudette, F Begel, M Belyaev, A Beri, SB Bernardi, G Bertram, I Besson, A Beuselinck, R Bezzubov, VA Bhat, PC Bhatnagar, V Bhattacharjee, M Blazey, G Blekman, F Blessing, S Boehnlein, A Bojko, NI Bolton, TA Borcherding, F Bos, K Bose, T Brandt, A Briskin, G Brock, R Brooijmans, G Bross, A Buchholz, D Buehler, M Buescher, V Burtovoi, VS Butler, JM Canelli, F Carvalho, W Casey, D Castilla-Valdez, H Chakraborty, D Chan, KM Chekulaev, SV Cho, DK Choi, S Chopra, S Claes, D Clark, AR Connolly, B Cooper, WE Coppage, D Crepe-Renaudin, S Cummings, MAC Cutts, D da Motta, H Davis, GA De, K de Jong, SJ Demarteau, M Demina, R Demine, P Denisov, D Denisov, SP Desai, S Diehl, HT Diesburg, M Doulas, S Dudko, LV Duflot, L Dugad, SR Duperrin, A Dyshkant, A Edmunds, D Ellison, J Eltzroth, JT Elvira, V Engelmann, R Eno, S Ermolov, P Eroshin, OV Estrada, J Evans, H Evdokimov, VN Ferbel, T Filthaut, F Fisk, HE Fortner, M Fox, H Fu, S Fuess, S Gallas, E Galyaev, AN Gao, M Gavrilov, V Genser, K Gerber, CE Gershtein, Y Ginther, G Gomez, B Goncharov, PI Gounder, K Goussiou, A Grannis, PD Greenlee, H Greenwood, ZD Grinstein, S Groer, L Grunendahl, S Gurzhiev, SN Gutierrez, G Gutierrez, P Hadley, NJ Haggerty, H Hagopian, S Hagopian, V Hall, RE Han, C Hansen, S Hauptman, JM Hebert, C Hedin, D Heinmiller, JM Heinson, AP Heintz, U Hildreth, MD Hirosky, R Hobbs, JD Hoeneisen, B Huang, J Huang, Y Iashvili, I Illingworth, R Ito, AS Jaffre, M Jain, S Jain, V Jesik, R Johns, K Johnson, M Jonckheere, A Jostlein, H Juste, A Kahl, W Kahn, S Kajfasz, E Kalinin, AM Karmanov, D Karmgard, D Kehoe, R Kesisoglou, S Khanov, A Kharchilava, A Klima, B Kohli, JM Kostritskiy, AV Kotcher, J Kothari, B Kozelov, AV Kozlovsky, EA Krane, J Krishnaswamy, MR Krivkova, P Krzywdzinski, S Kubantsev, M Kuleshov, S Kulik, Y Kunori, S Kupco, A Kuznetsov, VE Landsberg, G Lee, WM Leflat, A Lehner, F Leonidopoulos, C Li, J Li, QZ Lima, JGR Lincoln, D Linn, SL Linnemann, J Lipton, R Lueking, L Lundstedt, C Luo, C Maciel, AKA Madaras, RJ Malyshev, VL Manankov, V Mao, HS Marshall, T Martin, MI Mattingly, SEK Mayorov, AA McCarthy, R McMahon, T Melanson, HL Melnitchouk, A Merkin, M Merritt, KW Miao, C Miettinen, H Mihalcea, D Mokhov, N Mondal, NK Montgomery, HE Moore, RW Mutaf, YD Nagy, E Narain, M Narasimharn, VS Naumann, NA Neal, HA Negret, JP Nelson, S Nomerotski, A Nunnemann, T O'Neil, D Oguri, V Oshima, N Padley, P Parashar, N Partridge, R Parua, N Patwa, A Peters, O Petroffe, P Piegaia, R Pope, BG Prosper, HB Protopopescu, S Reay, NW Reucroft, S Ridel, M Rijssenbeek, M Rizatdinova, F Rockwell, T Royon, C Rubinov, P Ruchti, R Sabirov, BM Sajot, G Santoro, A Sawyer, L Schamberger, RD Schellman, H Schwartzman, A Shabalina, E Shivpuri, RK Shpakov, D Shupe, M Sidwell, RA Simak, V Sirotenko, V Slattery, P Smith, RP Snow, GR Snow, J Snyder, S Solomon, J Song, Y Sorin, V Sosebee, M Sotnikova, N Soustruznik, K Souza, M Stanton, NR Steinbruck, G Stoker, D Stolin, V Stone, A Stoyanova, DA Strang, MA Strauss, M Strovink, M Stutte, L Sznajder, A Talby, M Taylor, W Tentindo-Repond, S Trippe, TG Turcot, AS Tuts, PM Van Kooten, R Vaniev, V Varelas, N Villeneuve-Seguier, F Volkov, AA Vorobiev, AP Wahl, HD Wang, ZM Warchol, J Watts, G Wayne, M Weerts, H White, A Whiteson, D Wijngaarden, DA Willis, S Wimpenny, SJ Womersley, J Wood, DR Xu, Q Yamada, R Yasuda, T Yatsunenko, YA Yip, K Yu, J Zanabria, M Zhang, X Zhou, B Zhou, Z Zielinski, M Zieminska, D Zieminski, A Zutshi, V Zverev, EG Zylberstejn, A CA DO Collaboration TI Helicity of the W boson in lepton plus jets t(t)over-bar events SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID TOP-QUARK; HADRON COLLIDERS; COLLISIONS; DETECTOR AB We examine properties of t (t) over bar candidate events in lepton +jets final states to establish the helicities of W bosons in t -> W + b decays. Our analysis is based on a direct calculation of a probability density for each event to correspond to a t (t) over bar final state, as a function of the helicity of the W boson. Using the 125 events/pb of data collected by the DO experiment at the Fermilab Tevatron p (p) over bar Collider at root s- = 1.8 TeV, we obtain a longitudinal helicity fraction F-0 = 0.56 +/- 0.3 1, consistent with the prediction of F-0 = 0.70 from the standard model. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. Ctr Brasileiro Pesquisas Fis, LAFEX, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Univ Estado Rio De Janeiro, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Univ Los Andes, Bogota, Colombia. Charles Univ, Ctr Particle Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. Acad Sci Czech Republ, Inst Phys, Ctr Particle Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. Univ San Francisco Quito, Quito, Ecuador. Univ Grenoble 1, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Phys Subatom & Cosmol, Grenoble, France. Univ Mediterranee, CNRS, CPPM, IN2P3, Marseille, France. CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Accelerateur Lineaire, F-91405 Orsay, France. Univ Paris 06, LPNHE, Paris, France. Univ Paris 07, CNRS, IN3P3, Paris, France. CEA Saclay, DAPNIA, Serv Phys Particules, Gif Sur Yvette, France. Univ Freiburg, Inst Phys, Freiburg, Germany. Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. Univ Delhi, Delhi 110007, India. Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Bombay 400005, Maharashtra, India. CINVESTAV, Mexico City 14000, DF, Mexico. Univ Amsterdam, NIKHEF, Amsterdam, Netherlands. FOM, Inst NIKHEF, NL-1098 SJ Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Nijmegen, NIKHEF, Nijmegen, Netherlands. Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Moscow, Russia. Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. Univ Lancaster, Lancaster, England. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London, England. Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Calif State Univ Fresno, Fresno, CA 93740 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. No Illinois Univ, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. Louisiana Tech Univ, Ruston, LA 71272 USA. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Langston Univ, Langston, OK 73050 USA. Univ Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019 USA. Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA. Univ Texas, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77005 USA. Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Abazov, V (reprint author), Univ Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. EM canelli@fnal.gov RI Chekulaev, Sergey/O-1145-2015; Nomerotski, Andrei/A-5169-2010; Shivpuri, R K/A-5848-2010; Gutierrez, Phillip/C-1161-2011; Dudko, Lev/D-7127-2012; Leflat, Alexander/D-7284-2012; Merkin, Mikhail/D-6809-2012; Yip, Kin/D-6860-2013; Kuleshov, Sergey/D-9940-2013; De, Kaushik/N-1953-2013; Oguri, Vitor/B-5403-2013; Alves, Gilvan/C-4007-2013; Belyaev, Alexander/F-6637-2015; Sznajder, Andre/L-1621-2016; Canelli, Florencia/O-9693-2016 OI Dudko, Lev/0000-0002-4462-3192; Yip, Kin/0000-0002-8576-4311; Kuleshov, Sergey/0000-0002-3065-326X; De, Kaushik/0000-0002-5647-4489; Belyaev, Alexander/0000-0002-1733-4408; Sznajder, Andre/0000-0001-6998-1108; Canelli, Florencia/0000-0001-6361-2117 NR 19 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JUN 23 PY 2005 VL 617 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 10 DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2005.04.069 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 935UH UT WOS:000229808400001 ER PT J AU Lu, LC Burnstein, RA Chakravorty, A Chen, YC Choong, WS Clark, K Dukes, EC Durandet, C Felix, J Fu, Y Gidal, G Gustafson, HR Holmstrom, T Huang, M James, C Jenkins, CM Jones, TD Kaplan, DM Longo, MJ Luebke, W Luk, KB Nelson, KS Park, HK Perroud, JP Rajaram, D Rubin, HA Volk, J White, CG White, SL Zyla, P AF Lu, LC Burnstein, RA Chakravorty, A Chen, YC Choong, WS Clark, K Dukes, EC Durandet, C Felix, J Fu, Y Gidal, G Gustafson, HR Holmstrom, T Huang, M James, C Jenkins, CM Jones, TD Kaplan, DM Longo, MJ Luebke, W Luk, KB Nelson, KS Park, HK Perroud, JP Rajaram, D Rubin, HA Volk, J White, CG White, SL Zyla, P CA HyperCP Collaboration TI Observation of parity violation in the Omega(-)->Lambda K- decay SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article DE omega-minus decays; parity violation; alpha decay parameter ID OMEGA; HYPERON; LIFETIME; SPIN AB The alpha decay parameter in the process Omega(-) -> Lambda K- has been measured from a sample of 4.50 million unpolarized Omega(-) decays recorded by the HyperCP (E871) experiment at Fermilab and found lobe [1.78 +/- 0.19(stat) +/- 10.16(syst)] x 10(-2). This is the first unambiguous evidence for a nonzero alpha decay parameter, and hence parity violation, in the Omega(-) -> Lambda K- decay. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Acad Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Guanajuato, Leon 37000, Mexico. IIT, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. Univ Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Univ S Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688 USA. Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. RP Acad Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. EM craigdukes@virginia.edu NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 EI 1873-2445 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JUN 23 PY 2005 VL 617 IS 1-2 BP 11 EP 17 DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2005.04.067 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 935UH UT WOS:000229808400002 ER PT J AU Li, TJ Nandi, S AF Li, TJ Nandi, S TI Hidden gauge symmetries: a new possibility at the colliders SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID TOP-QUARK; STANDARD MODEL; RENORMALIZATION; TOPCOLOR; FIELDS; COLOR AB We consider a new physics possibility at the colliders: the observation of TeV scale massive vector bosons in the non-adjoint representations under the Standard Model (SM) gauge symmetry. To have a unitary and renormalizable theory, we propose a class of models with gauge symmetry Pi(i)G(i) x SU(3)(C)' x SU(2)(L)' x U(1)(Y)', where the SM fermions and Higgs fields are singlets under the hidden gauge symmetry Pi(i)G(i), and such massive vector bosons appear after the gauge symmetry is spontaneously broken down to the SM gauge symmetry. We discuss the model with SU(5) hidden gauge symmetry in detail, and comment on the generic phenomenological implications. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Princeton Univ Sch Nat Sci, Inst Adv Study, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Phys, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Li, TJ (reprint author), Princeton Univ Sch Nat Sci, Inst Adv Study, Einstein Dr, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. EM tli@ias.edu NR 19 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JUN 23 PY 2005 VL 617 IS 1-2 BP 112 EP 117 DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2005.04.066 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 935UH UT WOS:000229808400014 ER PT J AU Hill, TW Rymer, AM Burch, JL Crary, FJ Young, DT Thomsen, MF Delapp, D Andre, N Coates, AJ Lewis, GR AF Hill, TW Rymer, AM Burch, JL Crary, FJ Young, DT Thomsen, MF Delapp, D Andre, N Coates, AJ Lewis, GR TI Evidence for rotationally driven plasma transport in Saturn's magnetosphere SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID IO TORUS; JOVIAN MAGNETOSPHERE; JUPITERS INNER; INTERCHANGE; COROTATION; SIGNATURES AB [ 1] Radial convective transport of plasma in a rotation-dominated magnetosphere implies alternating longitudinal sectors of cooler, denser plasma moving outward and hotter, more tenuous plasma moving inward. The Cassini Plasma Spectrometer ( CAPS) has provided dramatic new evidence of this process operating in the magnetosphere of Saturn. The inward transport of hot plasma is accompanied by adiabatic gradient and curvature drift, producing a V-shaped dispersion signature on a linear energy-time plot. Of the many (similar to 100) such signatures evident during the first two Cassini orbits, we analyze a subset ( 48) that are sufficiently isolated to allow determination of their ages, widths, and injection locations. Ages are typically < 10.8 hr ( Saturn's rotation period) but range up to several rotation periods. Widths are typically < 1 RS ( Saturn's radius) but range up to several RS. Injection locations are randomly distributed in local time and in Saturnian longitude. The apex of the V sometimes coincides with a localized density cavity in the cooler background plasma, and usually coincides with a localized diamagnetic depression of the magnetic field strength. These signatures are fully consistent with the convective motions that are expected to result from the centrifugal interchange instability. C1 Rice Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Houston, TX 77005 USA. UCL, Mullard Space Sci Lab, Dorking RH5 6NT, Surrey, England. SW Res Inst, Space Sci & Engn Div, San Antonio, TX 78228 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Ctr Etud Spatiale Rayonnements, F-31028 Toulouse, France. RP Hill, TW (reprint author), Rice Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Houston, TX 77005 USA. EM hill@rice.edu RI Coates, Andrew/C-2396-2008 OI Coates, Andrew/0000-0002-6185-3125 NR 17 TC 79 Z9 79 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JUN 22 PY 2005 VL 32 IS 14 AR L14S10 DI 10.1029/2005GL022620 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 940UC UT WOS:000230170000001 ER PT J AU Thompson, DN Ginosar, DM Burch, KC Zalewski, DJ AF Thompson, DN Ginosar, DM Burch, KC Zalewski, DJ TI Extended catalyst longevity via supercritical isobutane regeneration of a partially deactivated USY alkylation catalyst SO INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID SOLID ACID CATALYST; ZEOLITE; FLUIDS; HYDROCARBONS; CHEMISTRY; TRENDS; COKE AB Off-line, in situ activity recovery of a partially deactivated USY zeolite catalyst used for isobutane/ butene alkylation was examined in a continuous-flow reaction system employing supercritical isobutane. Catalyst samples were deactivated in a controlled manner by running them to either a fixed butene conversion level of 95% or a fixed time-on-stream of 3 h and then exposing the catalyst to supercritical isobutane to restore activity. Activity recovery was determined by comparing alkylation activity before and after the regeneration step. Both single and multiple regenerations were performed. Use of a 95% butene conversion level criterion to terminate the reaction step afforded 86% activity recovery for a single regeneration and provided nine sequential reaction steps for the multiple regeneration studies. Employing a fixed, 3 h time-on-stream criterion resulted in nearly complete activity recovery for a single regeneration, and 24 reaction steps were demonstrated in sequence for the multiple regeneration process, producing only minor product yield declines per step. This resulted in a 12-fold increase in catalyst longevity versus unregenerated catalyst. C1 Idaho Natl Engn Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. Marathon Ashland Petr LLC, Catlettsburg, KY 41129 USA. RP Ginosar, DM (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM daniel.ginosar@inl.gov RI Ginosar, Daniel/C-2357-2017 OI Ginosar, Daniel/0000-0002-8522-1659 NR 19 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0888-5885 J9 IND ENG CHEM RES JI Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. PD JUN 22 PY 2005 VL 44 IS 13 BP 4534 EP 4542 DI 10.1021/ie050176f PG 9 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 936QH UT WOS:000229870000007 ER PT J AU Leng, YS Krstic, PS Wells, JC Cummings, PT Dean, DJ AF Leng, YS Krstic, PS Wells, JC Cummings, PT Dean, DJ TI Interaction between benzenedithiolate and gold: Classical force field for chemical bonding SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS; AU(111) SURFACE; ELECTRON-TRANSPORT; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; WAVE-FUNCTIONS; ADSORPTION; CONDUCTANCE; THIOLATE; GEOMETRY AB We have constructed a group of classical potentials based on ab initio density-functional theory (DFT) calculations to describe the chemical bonding between benzenedithiolate (BDT) molecule and gold atoms, including bond stretching, bond angle bending, and dihedral angle torsion involved at the interface between the molecule and gold clusters. Three DFT functionals, local-density approximation (LDA), PBE0, and X3LYP, have been implemented to calculate single point energies (SPE) for a large number of molecular configurations of BDT-1, 2 Au complexes. The three DFT methods yield similar bonding curves. The variations of atomic charges from Mulliken population analysis within the molecule/metal complex versus different molecular configurations have been investigated in detail. We found that, except for bonded atoms in BDT-1, 2 Au complexes, the Mulliken partial charges of other atoms in BDT are quite stable, which significantly reduces the uncertainty in partial charge selections in classical molecular simulations. Molecular-dynamics (MD) simulations are performed to investigate the structure of BDT self-assembled monolayer (SAM) and the adsorption geometry of S adatoms on Au (111) surface. We found that the bond-stretching potential is the most dominant part in chemical bonding. Whereas the local bonding geometry of BDT molecular configuration may depend on the DFT functional used, the global packing structure of BDT SAM is quite independent of DFT functional, even though the uncertainty of some force-field parameters for chemical bonding can be as large as similar to 100%. This indicates that the intermolecular interactions play a dominant role in determining the BDT SAMs global packing structure. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. EM yongsheng.leng@vanderbilt.edu RI Wells, Jack/D-3675-2016; Cummings, Peter/B-8762-2013 OI Wells, Jack/0000-0002-5083-3030; Cummings, Peter/0000-0002-9766-2216 NR 49 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 EI 1089-7690 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUN 22 PY 2005 VL 122 IS 24 AR 244721 DI 10.1063/1.1942468 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 943DN UT WOS:000230332400072 PM 16035807 ER PT J AU Paricaud, P Predota, M Chialvo, AA Cummings, PT AF Paricaud, P Predota, M Chialvo, AA Cummings, PT TI From dimer to condensed phases at extreme conditions: Accurate predictions of the properties of water by a Gaussian charge polarizable model SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; LIQUID-VAPOR INTERFACE; COEXISTENCE PROPERTIES; 1ST PRINCIPLES; AB-INITIO; SELF-DIFFUSION; REACTION FIELD; PRESSURE-DEPENDENCE; POTENTIAL FUNCTIONS; STATE CONDITIONS AB Water exhibits many unusual properties that are essential for the existence of life. Water completely changes its character from ambient to supercritical conditions in a way that makes it possible to sustain life at extreme conditions, leading to conjectures that life may have originated in deep-sea vents. Molecular simulation can be very useful in exploring biological and chemical systems, particularly at extreme conditions for which experiments are either difficult or impossible; however this scenario entails an accurate molecular model for water applicable over a wide range of state conditions. Here, we present a Gaussian charge polarizable model (GCPM) based on the model developed earlier by Chialvo and Cummings [Fluid Phase Equilib. 150, 73 (1998)] which is, to our knowledge, the first that satisfies the water monomer and dimer properties, and simultaneously yields very accurate predictions of dielectric, structural, vapor-liquid equilibria, and transport properties, over the entire fluid range. This model would be appropriate for simulating biological and chemical systems at both ambient and extreme conditions. The particularity of the GCPM model is the use of Gaussian distributions instead of points to represent the partial charges on the water molecules. These charge distributions combined with a dipole polarizability and a Buckingham exp-6 potential are found to play a crucial role for the successful and simultaneous predictions of a variety of water properties. This work not only aims at presenting an accurate model for water, but also at proposing strategies to develop classical accurate models for the predictions of structural, dynamic, and thermodynamic properties. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Aqueous Chem & Geochem Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ S Bohemia, Dept Med Phys & Biophys, Ceske Budejovice 37004, Czech Republic. RP Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Chem Engn, 221 Kirkland Hall, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. EM peter.cummings@vanderbilt.edu RI Predota, Milan/A-2256-2009; Cummings, Peter/B-8762-2013; OI Predota, Milan/0000-0003-3902-0992; Cummings, Peter/0000-0002-9766-2216; paricaud, patrice/0000-0003-4028-7133 NR 83 TC 137 Z9 139 U1 2 U2 42 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 EI 1089-7690 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUN 22 PY 2005 VL 122 IS 24 AR 244511 DI 10.1063/1.1940033 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 943DN UT WOS:000230332400051 PM 16035786 ER PT J AU Rodriguez, JA Perez, M Evans, J Liu, G Hrbek, J AF Rodriguez, JA Perez, M Evans, J Liu, G Hrbek, J TI Reaction of SO2 with Au/CeO2(111): Importance of O vacancies in the activation of gold SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID AU NANOPARTICLES; SULFUR-DIOXIDE; OXIDE SURFACES; CO OXIDATION; ADSORPTION; CATALYSTS; TITANIA; TIO2(110); CHEMISTRY; CLUSTER AB Synchrotron-based high-resolution photoemission was used to study the adsorption and chemistry of SO2 on Au/CeO2(111) and AuOx/CeO2 surfaces. The heat of adsorption of the molecule on Au nanoparticles supported on stoichiometric CeO2(111) was 4-7 kcal/mol larger than on Au(111). However, there was negligible dissociation of SO2 on the Au/CeO2(111) surfaces. The full decomposition of SO2 was observed only after introducing O vacancies in the ceria support. AuOx/CeO2 surfaces were found to be much less chemically active than Au/CeO2(111) or Au/CeO2-x(111) surfaces. The active sites in {Au+AuOx}/ceria catalysts should involve pure gold nanoparticles in contact with O vacancies. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Cent Univ Venezuela, Fac Ciencias, Caracas 1020A, Venezuela. RP Rodriguez, JA (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM rodrigez@bnl.gov RI Hrbek, Jan/I-1020-2013 NR 29 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUN 22 PY 2005 VL 122 IS 24 AR 241101 DI 10.1063/1.1946748 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 943DN UT WOS:000230332400001 PM 16035736 ER PT J AU Rosso, KM Ilton, ES AF Rosso, KM Ilton, ES TI Effects of compositional defects on small polaron hopping in micas SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID OXIDATION-REDUCTION MECHANISM; DIOCTAHEDRAL SMECTITES; MOSSBAUER-SPECTROSCOPY; TRIOCTAHEDRAL MICAS; CRYSTAL-CHEMISTRY; ELECTRON-TRANSFER; CHARGE-TRANSFER; ANNITE; IRON; MINERALS AB Hartree-Fock calculations and electron transfer (ET) theory were used to model the effects of compositional defects on ET in the brucite-like octahedral sheet of mica. ET was modeled as an Fe-II/III valence interchange reaction across shared octahedral edges of the M2-M2 iron sublattice. The model entails the hopping of localized electrons and small polaron behavior. Hartree-Fock calculations indicate that substitution of F for structural OH bridges increases the reorganization energy gimel, decreases the electronic coupling matrix element V-AB, and thereby substantially decreases the hopping rate. The gimel increase arises from modification of the metal-ligand bond force constants, and the VAB decrease arises from reduction of superexchange interaction through anion bridges. Deprotonation of an OH bridge, consistent with a possible mechanism of maintaining charge neutrality during net oxidation, yields a net increase in the ET rate. Although substitution of Al or Mg for Fe in M1 sites distorts the structure of adjacent Fe-occupied M2 sites, the distortion has little net impact on ET rates through these M2 sites. Hence the main effect of Al or Mg substitution for Fe, should it occur in the M2 sublattice, is to block ET pathways. Collectively, these findings pave the way for larger-scale oxidation/reduction models to be constructed for realistic, compositionally diverse micas. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Rosso, KM (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999,K8-96, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM kevin.rosso@pnl.gov NR 41 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUN 22 PY 2005 VL 122 IS 24 AR 244709 DI 10.1063/1.1943407 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 943DN UT WOS:000230332400060 PM 16035795 ER PT J AU Dixon, DA de Jong, WA Peterson, KA Christe, KO Schrobilgen, GJ AF Dixon, DA de Jong, WA Peterson, KA Christe, KO Schrobilgen, GJ TI Heats of formation of xenon fluorides and the fluxionality of XeF6 from high level electronic structure calculations SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID CORRELATED MOLECULAR CALCULATIONS; MULTINUCLEAR MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; GAUSSIAN-BASIS SETS; CONSISTENT BASIS-SETS; DIATOMIC DISSOCIATION-ENERGIES; CLUSTER CONNECTED-QUADRUPLES; DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORIES; AB-INITIO THERMOCHEMISTRY; CONVERGENT BASIS-SETS; ATOMIZATION ENERGIES AB Atomization energies at 0 K and heats of formation at 0 and 298 K are predicted for XeF+, XeF-, XeF2, XeF4, XeF5-, and XeF6 from coupled cluster theory (CCSD(T)) calculations with new correlation-consistent basis sets for Xe. To achieve near chemical accuracy (+/- 1 kcal/mol), up to four corrections were added to the complete basis set binding energies based on frozen core coupled cluster theory energies: a correction for core-valence effects, a correction for scalar relativistic effects, a correction for first-order atomic spin-orbit effects, and in some cases, a second-order spin-orbit correction. Vibrational zero-point energies were computed at the coupled cluster level of theory. The structure of XeF6 is difficult to obtain with the C-3v and O-h structures having essentially the same energy. The O-h structure is only 0.19 kcal/mol below the C-3v one at the CCSD(T)/CBS level using an approximate geometry for the C-3v structure. With an optimized C-3v geometry, the C-3v structure would probably become slightly lower in energy than the Oh one. The calculated heats of formation for the neutral XeFn fluorides are less negative than the experimental values from the equilibrium measurements by 2.0, 7.7, and 12.2 kcal/mol for n = 2, 4, and 6, respectively. For the experimental values, derived from the photoionization measurements, this discrepancy becomes even larger, suggesting a need for a redetermination of the experimental values. Evidence is presented for the fluxionality of XeF6 caused by the presence of a sterically active, free valence electron pair on Xe. C1 Univ Alabama, Dept Chem, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Willian R Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Washington State Univ, Dept Chem, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Univ So Calif, Loker Hydrocarbon Res Inst, Los Angeles, CA 93524 USA. McMaster Univ, Dept Chem, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada. RP Dixon, DA (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Chem, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. EM dadixon@bama.ua.edu RI DE JONG, WIBE/A-5443-2008; Christe, Karl/O-4885-2014 OI DE JONG, WIBE/0000-0002-7114-8315; Christe, Karl/0000-0003-0661-5519 NR 90 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 16 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JUN 22 PY 2005 VL 127 IS 24 BP 8627 EP 8634 DI 10.1021/ja0423116 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 938DX UT WOS:000229981200019 PM 15954767 ER PT J AU Stephenson, NA Bell, AT AF Stephenson, NA Bell, AT TI A study of the mechanism and kinetics of cyclooctene epoxidation catalyzed by iron(III) tetrakispentafluorophenyl porphyrin SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID TERT-BUTYL HYDROPEROXIDE; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; IRON PORPHYRIN; HETEROLYTIC CLEAVAGE; ALKYL HYDROPEROXIDES; OLEFIN EPOXIDATION; HEME-OXYGENASE; ELECTRON-RICH; COMPLEX; OXIDATION AB A study has been conducted of the mechanism and kinetics of cyclooctene epoxidation by hydrogen peroxide catalyzed by iron(III) tetrakispentafluorophenyl [F20TPPFe(III)] porphyrin. The formation of cyclooctene oxide, the only product, was determined by gas chromatography, and the consumption of hydrogen peroxide was determined by H-1 NMR. UV-visible spectroscopy was used to identify the state of the porphyrin as a function of solvent composition and reaction conditions and to follow the kinetics of porphyrin degradation. F20TPPFe(III) was found to be inactive in the chloride-ligated form, but became active when the chloride ligand was replaced by a methoxide ligand. The methoxide-ligated form of F20TPPFe(III) reacts with hydrogen peroxide to form an iron(III) hydroperoxide species, which then undergoes both heterolytic and homolytic cleavage to form iron(IV) pi-radical cations and iron(IV) oxo species, respectively. The iron(IV) pi-radical cations are responsible for the epoxidation of cyclooctene, whereas the iron(IV) oxo species are responsible for hydrogen peroxide decomposition. The kinetics of cyclooctene epoxidation and hydrogen peroxide decomposition developed from the proposed mechanism describe the experimentally observed kinetics accurately. The rate parameters derived from a fit of the model to the experimental data are consistent with previous estimates of the magnitude of these parameters. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Bell, AT (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM bell@cchem.berkeley.edu OI Bell, Alexis/0000-0002-5738-4645 NR 47 TC 72 Z9 73 U1 0 U2 17 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JUN 22 PY 2005 VL 127 IS 24 BP 8635 EP 8643 DI 10.1021/ja043380n PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 938DX UT WOS:000229981200020 PM 15954768 ER PT J AU Petkov, V Parvanov, V Trikalitis, P Malliakas, C Vogt, T Kanatzidis, MG AF Petkov, V Parvanov, V Trikalitis, P Malliakas, C Vogt, T Kanatzidis, MG TI Three-dimensional structure of nanocomposites from atomic pair distribution function analysis: Study of polyaniline and (polyaniline)(0.5)V2O5 center dot 1.0H(2)O SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; LOCAL-STRUCTURE; THIN-FILMS; PROGRAM AB The three-dimensional structures of emeraldine base polyaniline (PANI) and (polyaniline)(0.5)V(2)O(5.)1.0H(2)O have been determined by total X-ray scattering experiments. Atomic pair distribution functions (PDF) were measured to obtain experimental observables against which structural models were tested and refined. The PDF approach is necessary because of the limited structural coherence in these nanostructured materials. Polyaniline possesses a well-defined local atomic arrangement that can be described in terms of an 84-atom orthorhombic unit cell. The nanocomposite (PANI)(0.5)V(2)O(5)center dot 1.0H(2)O too is locally well ordered and may be described in terms of a small number of structure-sensible parameters. The PDF approach allows the construction of structure models of PANI and (PANI)(0.5)V(2)O(5)center dot 1.0H(2)O on the basis of which important materials' properties can be explained predicted and possibly improved. C1 Cent Michigan Univ, Dept Phys, Mt Pleasant, MI 48859 USA. Michigan State Univ, Dept Chem, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Petkov, V (reprint author), Cent Michigan Univ, Dept Phys, Mt Pleasant, MI 48859 USA. EM petkov@phy.cmich.edu; kanatzidis@chemistry.msu.edu RI Trikalitis, Pantelis/E-5696-2011; Vogt, Thomas /A-1562-2011 OI Vogt, Thomas /0000-0002-4731-2787 NR 28 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 19 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JUN 22 PY 2005 VL 127 IS 24 BP 8805 EP 8812 DI 10.1021/ja051315n PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 938DX UT WOS:000229981200039 PM 15954787 ER PT J AU Vergara, LI Meyer, FW Krause, HF AF Vergara, LI Meyer, FW Krause, HF TI Target orientation dependence of the charge fractions observed for low-energy multicharged ions (Neq+ and Fq+) backscattered from RbI(100) SO SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on Surface Modification of Materials by Ion Beams CY SEP 21-26, 2003 CL San Antonio, TX SP SW Res Inst DE ion-surface scattering; multi-charged ions; projectile neutralization; RbI; Marlowe trajectory simulations ID LARGE-ANGLE BACKSCATTERING; SITE-RESOLVED NEUTRALIZATION; QUASI-BINARY COLLISIONS; AU(110); TIME; INCIDENT AB Using a time-of-flight (TOF) technique we have investigated projectile neutralization in the backscattering from RbI(100) of Ne and F multicharged ions in the keV energy range. The energy distributions and charge fractions were measured as a function of the polar incidence angle and the target azimuthal orientation. We found significant variations in the neutralization probability for the different projectiles suggesting that level matching effects play an important role. The observed scattered charge state distributions show significant dependences on both incidence and azimuth angle. These variations are attributed not only to the presence or absence of encounters with nearest neighbors, but also to the presence of more atoms lying along particular directional strings. Interpretation of the results was facilitated by carrying out detailed trajectory simulations. Sample data for few-keV F7+ and Ne8+ incident projectiles are presented to illustrate the underlying concepts. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Vergara, LI (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM vergarali@ornl.gov NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0257-8972 J9 SURF COAT TECH JI Surf. Coat. Technol. PD JUN 22 PY 2005 VL 196 IS 1-3 BP 19 EP 24 DI 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2004.08.080 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 929VV UT WOS:000229375600005 ER PT J AU Skuratov, VA Zinkle, SJ Efimov, AE Havancsak, K AF Skuratov, VA Zinkle, SJ Efimov, AE Havancsak, K TI Surface defects in Al2O3 and MgO irradiated with high-energy heavy ions SO SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on Surface Modification of Materials by Ion Beams CY SEP 21-26, 2003 CL San Antonio, TX SP SW Res Inst DE heavy-ion irradiation; surface defects; surface topography; atomic force microscopy; ionizing energy loss; radiation damage; electron microscopy ID THERMAL SPIKE DESCRIPTION; TRACK FORMATION; DAMAGE CREATION; MICROSCOPY; INSULATORS; IMPACTS; ALLOYS; SOLIDS; LIF AB The structure of hillock-like defects on the surface of monocrystalline Al2O3 and MgO, induced by individual (0.5-3.4) MeV/amu Kr and Bi ions, has been studied as a function of ion energy, fluence, irradiation temperature and angle of ion incidence using scanning tunneling microscopy. It was found that mean hillock height on sapphire surface depends linearly on the incident electron stopping power and increases by two times on average when hillocks start to overlap. Noticeable changes in defect shape are registered only under strong deviation from normal beam incidence (more than 60 degrees) and no specific features (radial coherent mass transport outwards from the track core) typical for shock-wave-like mechanism were observed. Transmission electron microscopy characterization of Al2O3 irradiated with 710 MeV Bi ions showed no evidence that a bulk phase change could be responsible for nanoscale surface damage production. As a possible reason for hillock formation, the plastic deformation due to the defects created by the Coulomb explosion mechanism in the target subsurface layer is considered. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Joint Inst Nucl Res, Ctr Appl Phys, Flerov Lab Nucl React, Dubna 141980, Russia. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Eotvos Lorand Univ, Dept Solid State Phys, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary. RP Skuratov, VA (reprint author), Joint Inst Nucl Res, Ctr Appl Phys, Flerov Lab Nucl React, Dubna 141980, Russia. EM skuratov@jinr.ru RI Efimov, Anton/A-9229-2012; OI Zinkle, Steven/0000-0003-2890-6915 NR 26 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0257-8972 J9 SURF COAT TECH JI Surf. Coat. Technol. PD JUN 22 PY 2005 VL 196 IS 1-3 BP 56 EP 62 DI 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2004.08.095 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 929VV UT WOS:000229375600012 ER PT J AU Denmark, D Ueda, A Shao, CL Wu, MH Mu, R White, CW Vlahovic, DB Muntele, CI Ila, D Liu, YC AF Denmark, D Ueda, A Shao, CL Wu, MH Mu, R White, CW Vlahovic, DB Muntele, CI Ila, D Liu, YC TI Indium phosphide nanocrystals formed in silica by sequential ion implantation SO SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on Surface Modification of Materials by Ion Beams CY SEP 21-26, 2003 CL San Antonio, TX SP SW Res Inst DE InP quantum dot; surface phonon; ion implantation ID GLASS; ABSORPTION; BEHAVIOR; SPECTRA; INP AB Fused silica substrates were implanted with: (1) phosphorus only, (2) indium only, and (3) phosphorus plus indium ions. Vibrational and electronic characterizations have been performed on the P only and In only samples to obtain an understanding of the thermal annealing behavior in order to obtain a meaningful guide for the fabrication of InP quantum dots (QDs) formed by sequential ion implantation of In and P in SiO2. Thermal annealing procedures for InP synthesis have been established and InP quantum dots are confirmed by TEM, XRD and far infrared measurements. Far IR spectra show a single resonance at 323 cm(-1) rather than two absorption peaks in its counterpart of bulk InP crystals. The single band absorption is attributed to the surface phonon of InP quantum dots which will appear between transverse optical (TO) and longitudinal optical (LO) phonon modes of the bulk. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Fisk Univ, Dept Phys, Nashville, TN 37203 USA. NE Normal Univ, Ctr Adv Optoelect Funct Mat Res, Changchun, Peoples R China. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN USA. N Carolina Cent Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27707 USA. Alabama A&M Univ, Ctr Irradiat Mat, Normal, AL 35762 USA. RP Mu, R (reprint author), Fisk Univ, Dept Phys, Nashville, TN 37203 USA. EM rmu@fisk.edu NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0257-8972 J9 SURF COAT TECH JI Surf. Coat. Technol. PD JUN 22 PY 2005 VL 196 IS 1-3 BP 123 EP 129 DI 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2004.08.086 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 929VV UT WOS:000229375600025 ER PT J AU Rodrigues, MG da Cruz, NC Rangel, EC Zimmerman, RL Ila, D Poker, DB Hensley, DK AF Rodrigues, MG da Cruz, NC Rangel, EC Zimmerman, RL Ila, D Poker, DB Hensley, DK TI Effects of ion beam on nanoindentation characteristics of glassy polymeric carbon surface SO SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on Surface Modification of Materials by Ion Beams CY SEP 21-26, 2003 CL San Antonio, TX SP SW Res Inst DE glassy polymeric carbon; surface hardness AB Glassy polymeric carbon (GPC) is a useful material for medical applications due to its chemical inertness and biocompatible characteristics. Mitral and aortic and hydrocephalic valves are examples of GPC prosthetic devices that have been fabricated and commercialized in Brazil. In this work, ion beam was used to improve the mechanical characteristics of GPC surface and therefore to avoid the propagation of microcracks where the cardiac valves are more fragile. A control group of phenolic resin samples heat-treated at 300, 400, 700, 1000, 1500, and 2500 degrees C was characterized by measuring their hardness and Young's reduced elastic modulus with the depth of indentation. The control group was compared to results obtained with samples heat-treated at 700, 1000, and 1500 degrees C and bombarded with energetic ions of silicon, carbon, oxygen, and gold at energies of 5, 6, 8, and 10 MeV, respectively, with fluences between 10x10(13) and 10x10(16) ions/cm(2). GPC nonbombarded samples showed that hardness depends on the heat treatment temperature (HTT), with a maximum hardness for heat treatment at 1000 degrees C. The comparison between the control group and bombarded group also showed that hardness, after bombardment, had a greater increase for samples prepared at 700 degrees C than for samples prepared at higher temperatures. The Young's elastic modulus presents an exponential relationship with depth. The parameters obtained by fitting depend on the HTT and on the ion used in the bombardment more than on energy and fluence. The hardness results show clearly that bombardment can promote carbonization, increase the linkage between the chains of the polymeric material, and promote recombination of broken bonds in lateral groups that are more numerous for samples heat-treated at 700 degrees C. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Alabama A&M Univ, Ctr Irradiat Mat, Normal, AL 35762 USA. USP, FFCLRP, Dept Phys & Math, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil. UNESP, Dept Phys & Chem, Guaratingueta, SP, Brazil. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, SAMC, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Zimmerman, RL (reprint author), Alabama A&M Univ, Ctr Irradiat Mat, Normal, AL 35762 USA. EM rlzimm@cim.aamu.edu RI Cruz, Nilson/C-8519-2012; Rangel, Elidiane/D-3261-2012; Hensley, Dale/A-6282-2016 OI Cruz, Nilson/0000-0002-0354-3890; Rangel, Elidiane/0000-0001-7909-190X; Hensley, Dale/0000-0001-8763-7765 NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0257-8972 J9 SURF COAT TECH JI Surf. Coat. Technol. PD JUN 22 PY 2005 VL 196 IS 1-3 BP 251 EP 256 DI 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2004.08.094 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 929VV UT WOS:000229375600050 ER PT J AU Oztarhan, A Brown, I Bakkaloglu, C Watt, G Evans, P Oks, E Nikolaev, A Tek, Z AF Oztarhan, A Brown, I Bakkaloglu, C Watt, G Evans, P Oks, E Nikolaev, A Tek, Z TI Metal vapour vacuum arc ion implantation facility in Turkey SO SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on Surface Modification of Materials by Ion Beams CY SEP 21-26, 2003 CL San Antonio, TX SP SW Res Inst DE ion implantation; surface modification; ion beams; duplex treatment; tribology; surface treatment AB A vacuum arc ion source based metal ion implantation facility is built and in operation at TUBITAK (The Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey), Izmir, Turkey and a surface modification research and development program is being carried out here. The system is similar to the one in Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, which was first built and developed by Brown et al. The broad-beam ion source can be repetitively pulsed at rates up to similar to 50 pulses per second and the extracted ion beam current can be up to -1 A peak or similar to 10 mA time averaged. The ion source extraction voltage can be increased up to 110 kV. Additionally, mixed metal and gas ion beams were generated by a magnetic field, which was obtained through a magnet coil located in front of anode plate and by adding gas in the discharge region. This modified system was used to form buried layers of mixed metal-gas species such as Ti+N (on 316 SS and Ti alloy samples) and Zr and W (316 SS and Ti alloy samples, respectively) of which their hardness, coefficient of friction and wear volumes were measured and their RBS results were obtained. The anodic electrochemical tests showed that the corrosion resistance of Ti implanted 304 SS samples was increased with the dose. Micro structures of Ti implanted surfaces of 304 SS samples were examined with SEM before and after the corrosion tests and the results showed that the pittings were formed mostly in the areas where implanted Ti concentration was less. Recently, the system is equipped with TOF for measuring the charge state distribution of ions. R&D work is planned for the purpose of forming tribologically enhanced materials for industrial applications by using ion implantation, PVD coating, plasma nitriding and their combinations. The results showed that the hardness and performance of ion implanted (with various metals and N) PVD coated cutting inserts increased remarkably. The use of ion implantation techniques in modifying the properties of textile and other materials and optimising the performance of textile and other industrial machine parts and tools is also being investigated and some of the results are presented in this work. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Ege Univ, Dept Bioengn, TR-35100 Izmir, Turkey. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. AOSB, ELTAS, TR-35200 Izmir, Turkey. Australian Nucl Sci & Technol Org, Menai, NSW 2234, Australia. Inst High Current Elect, Tomsk, Russia. Celal Bayar Univ Fen Edebiyet, Fak Fiz Bolumu, TR-45040 Muradiye, Manisa, Turkey. RP Oztarhan, A (reprint author), Ege Univ, Dept Bioengn, TR-35100 Izmir, Turkey. EM aoztarhan@smmib05.net RI Oks, Efim/A-9409-2014; Nikolaev, Alexey/R-2154-2016 OI Oks, Efim/0000-0002-9323-0686; Nikolaev, Alexey/0000-0003-2724-3697 NR 6 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0257-8972 J9 SURF COAT TECH JI Surf. Coat. Technol. PD JUN 22 PY 2005 VL 196 IS 1-3 BP 327 EP 332 DI 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2004.08.178 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 929VV UT WOS:000229375600066 ER PT J AU da Costa, MEHM Sanchez, CMT Jacobsohn, LG Freire, FL AF da Costa, MEHM Sanchez, CMT Jacobsohn, LG Freire, FL TI Structural, mechanical, and nanoscale tribological properties of nitrogen-incorporated fluorine-carbon films SO THIN SOLID FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Synthesis, Characterisation and Advanced Application of Amorphous Carbon Films CY MAY 24-28, 2004 CL Strasbourg, FRANCE SP French Res Network, French Minist Res, French Minist Defense DE self-bias voltage; ion beam analysis; Raman spectroscopy ID GAS-MIXTURES; PLASMA DECOMPOSITION; THIN-FILMS; DEPOSITION; FRICTION; NITRIDE AB Nitrogen incorporation into hard fluorinated carbon films deposited by rf-plasma decomposition of CH(4)-CF(4)-N(2) mixtures was studied as a function of the self-bias voltage. The self-bias voltage, V(b), which was controlled by the rf power input, ranged from -100 to -600 V The structural and chemical characterization of the films was performed by Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and ion beam analysis (IBA). The film hardness was measured by nanoindentation and the internal stress determined from the bending of the substrate. The friction behavior was investigated by atomic force microscopy in lateral force mode. The film composition and the chemical ambient of carbon and nitrogen atoms were independent of V(b) as revealed by IBA and XPS, respectively. In particular, the absence of F-rich CF(n) groups, together with the low H and F content, suggests a high degree of interconnectivity of the film network in agreement with hardness and stress values. Raman results suggest that polymer-like films were obtained at -100 V and that more graphitic structures were obtained for films deposited at -600 V The atomic density, hardness and internal stress are strongly dependent on the self-bias voltage, presenting a broad maximum in the range of -270 and -420 V. These results confirm the importance of the ion bombardment during film growth on the mechanical properties of the films. The friction coefficient was independent of the self-bias voltage. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Pontificia Univ Catolica Rio de Janeiro, Dept Fis, BR-22453970 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Freire, FL (reprint author), Pontificia Univ Catolica Rio de Janeiro, Dept Fis, Rua Marques Sao Vicente,225 Gavea,Caixa Postal 38, BR-22453970 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. EM lazaro@vdg.fis.puc-rio.br OI Jacobsohn, Luiz/0000-0001-8991-3903 NR 30 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0040-6090 J9 THIN SOLID FILMS JI Thin Solid Films PD JUN 22 PY 2005 VL 482 IS 1-2 BP 109 EP 114 DI 10.1016/j.tsf.2004.11.161 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 934BI UT WOS:000229681500019 ER PT J AU Bajpayee, NS McGrath, WJ Mangel, WF AF Bajpayee, NS McGrath, WJ Mangel, WF TI Interaction of the adenovirus proteinase with protein cofactors with high negative charge densities SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID T7 DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC-ACID; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; CHAIN INITIATION; BINARY COMPLEXES; DNA; PEPTIDE; CONFORMATION; TEMPERATURE; POLYMERASE; BINDING AB The interactions of the human adenovirus proteinase (AVP) with polymers with high negative charge densities were characterized. AVP utilizes two viral cofactors for maximal enzyme activity (k(cat)/K-m), the 11-amino acid peptide from the C-terminus of virion precursor protein pVI (pVIc) and the viral DNA. The viral DNA stimulates covalent AVP-pVIc complexes (AVP-pVIc) as a polyanion with a high negative charge density. Here, the interactions of AVP-pVIc with different polymers with high negative charge densities, polymers of glutamic acid (polyE), were characterized. The rate of substrate hydrolysis by AVP-pVIc increased with increasing concentrations of polyE. At higher concentrations of polyE, the increase in the rate of substrate hydrolysis approached saturation. Although glutamic acid did not stimulate enzyme activity, glutamic acid and NaCl could displace DNA from AVP-pVlc-(DNA) complexes; the K-i values were 230 and 329 nM, respectively. PolyE binds to the DNA binding site on AVP-pVIc as polyE and DNA compete for binding to AVP-pVIc. The equilibrium dissociation constant for 1.3 kDa polyE binding to AVP-pVIc was 56 nM. On average, one molecule of AVP-pVIc binds to 12 residues in polyE. Comparison of polyE and 12-mer single-stranded DNA interacting with AVP-pVIc revealed the binding constants are similar, as are the Michaelis-Menten constants for substrate hydrolysis. The number of ion pairs formed upon the binding of 1.3 kDa polyE to AVP-pVIc was 2, and the nonelectrostatic change in free energy upon binding was -6.5 kcal. These observations may be physiologically relevant as they infer that AVP may bind to proteins that have regions of negative charge density. This would restrict activation of the enzyme to the locus of the cofactor within the cell. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Biol Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Mangel, WF (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Biol Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM Mangel@bnl.gov FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI41599] NR 28 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD JUN 21 PY 2005 VL 44 IS 24 BP 8721 EP 8729 DI 10.1021/bi0502240 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 938JD UT WOS:000229994900018 PM 15952779 ER PT J AU Gregor, WG Cinco, RM Yu, H Yachandra, VK Britt, RD AF Gregor, WG Cinco, RM Yu, H Yachandra, VK Britt, RD TI Influence of the 33 kDa manganese-stabilizing protein on the structure and substrate accessibility of the oxygen-evolving complex of photosystem II SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PHOTOSYNTHETIC WATER OXIDATION; ENVELOPE MODULATION SPECTROSCOPY; PARAMAGNETIC-RESONANCE SIGNAL; RAY-ABSORPTION-SPECTROSCOPY; PULSED EPR; S-2 STATE; EXTRINSIC PROTEINS; NITROGEN LIGATION; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; MN CLUSTER AB The 33 kDa manganese-stabilizing extrinsic protein binds to the lumenal side of photosystem II (PS II) close to the Mn4Ca cluster of the oxygen-evolving complex, where it limits access of small molecules to the metal site. Our previous finding that the removal of this protein did not alter the magnetic coupling regime within the manganese cluster, measured by electron spin-echo envelope modulation [Gregor, W., and Britt, R. D. (2000) Photosynth. Res. 65, 175-185], prompted us to examine whether this accessibility control is also true for substrate water, using the same pulsed EPR technique. Comparing the deuteron modulation of the S-2-state multiline signal of PS II membranes, equilibrated with deuterated water (D2O) after removal or retention of the 33 kDa protein, we observed no change in the number and the distance of deuterons magnetically coupled to manganese, indicating that the number and distance of water molecules bound to the manganese cluster are independent of bound 33 kDa protein in the S-1 state, in which the sample was poised prior to cryogenic illumination. A simple modulation depth analysis revealed a distance of 2.5-2.6 angstrom between the closest deuteron and manganese. These results are in agreement with our refined X-ray absorption analysis. The manganese K-edge positions, reflecting their oxidation states, and the extended X-ray absorption fine structure amplitudes and distances between the manganese ions and their oxygen and nitrogen ligands (1.8, 2.7, and 3.3-3.4 angstrom) were independent of bound 33 kDa protein. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Gregor, WG (reprint author), Univ Vet Med Vienna, Res Inst Biochem Pharmacol & Toxicol, Vienna, Austria. EM Wolfgang.Gregor@vu-wien.ac.at FU NIGMS NIH HHS [R01 GM055302, R01 GM048242, R29 GM048242, R56 GM055302, GM48242, GM55302] NR 48 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD JUN 21 PY 2005 VL 44 IS 24 BP 8817 EP 8825 DI 10.1021/bi047400+ PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 938JD UT WOS:000229994900027 PM 15952788 ER PT J AU Shin, TJ AF Shin, TJ TI In situ infrared spectroscopy study on imidization reaction and imidization-induced refractive index and thickness variations in microscale thin films of a poly(amic ester) SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID DIFFERENTIAL SCANNING CALORIMETRY; GLASS-TRANSITION BEHAVIORS; DEFINED BRUSH POLYIMIDE; FULLY RODLIKE BACKBONE; CHAIN RIGIDITIES; ALTERNATING COPOLYIMIDES; PHOTOREACTIVE POLYIMIDE; MOLECULAR-REORIENTATION; MISCIBILITY BEHAVIOR; AROMATIC POLYIMIDES AB Poly(amic ester) (PAE) is a soluble precursor of polyimide that has attracted interest from both the microelectronic and the flat-panel display industries because of its several important advantages, including excellent solubility, high hydrolytic stability, and solvent-free film formation, over the polyimide precursor, poly(amic acid), for which monomer-polymer equilibration always occurs in solution due to its carboxylic acid groups. In this study, poly(3,4'-oxydiphenylene pyromellitamic diethyl ester) (PMDA-3,4'-ODA PAE) was chosen as a PAE precursor, and its thermal imidization behavior in microscale thin films was investigated quantitatively for the first time using time-resolved infrared (IR) spectroscopy. In addition, the variations of the film refractive index and thickness with temperature and time were determined in detail from the time-resolved IR spectra and are fully interpreted in this paper by considering the imidization kinetics of the precursor. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Pohang Univ Sci & Technol, Polymer Res Inst, Ctr Integrated Mol Syst, Dept Chem, Pohang 790784, South Korea. Pohang Univ Sci & Technol, Div Mol & Life Sci, Program BK21, Pohang 790784, South Korea. RP Shin, TJ (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM ree@postech.edu RI Shin, Tae Joo/R-7434-2016 OI Shin, Tae Joo/0000-0002-1438-3298 NR 36 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 3 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD JUN 21 PY 2005 VL 21 IS 13 BP 6081 EP 6085 DI 10.1021/la050470c PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 936WO UT WOS:000229886300064 PM 15952863 ER PT J AU Challinor, A Chon, G AF Challinor, A Chon, G TI Error analysis of quadratic power spectrum estimates for cosmic microwave background polarization: sampling covariance SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE methods : analytical; methods : numerical; cosmic microwave background ID PROBE WMAP OBSERVATIONS; GABOR TRANSFORMS; GRAVITY-WAVES; TEMPERATURE; SPHERE; MAPS AB Quadratic methods with heuristic weighting (e.g. pseudo-C-l or correlation function methods) represent an efficient way to estimate power spectra of the cosmic microwave background ( CMB) anisotropies and their polarization. We construct the sample covariance properties of such estimators for CMB polarization, and develop semi-analytic techniques to approximate the pseudo-Cl sample covariance matrices at high Legendre multipoles, taking account of the geometric effects of mode coupling and the mixing between the electric ( E) and magnetic ( B) polarization that arise for observations covering only part of the sky. The E-B mixing ultimately limits the applicability of heuristically weighted quadratic methods to searches for the gravitational-wave signal in the large-angle B-mode polarization, even for methods that can recover ( exactly) unbiased estimates of the B-mode power. We show that for surveys covering 1 or 2 per cent of the sky, the contribution of E-mode power to the covariance of the recovered B-mode power spectrum typically limits the tensor-to-scalar ratio that can be probed with such methods to similar to 0.05. C1 Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Lab, Astrophys Grp, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Computat Res Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Challinor, A (reprint author), Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Lab, Astrophys Grp, Madingley Rd, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England. EM a.d.challinor@mrao.cam.ac.uk NR 41 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD JUN 21 PY 2005 VL 360 IS 2 BP 509 EP 532 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2005.09076.x PG 24 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 933OM UT WOS:000229642800010 ER PT J AU Rapetti, D Allen, SW Weller, J AF Rapetti, D Allen, SW Weller, J TI Constraining dark energy with X-ray galaxy clusters, supernovae and the cosmic microwave background SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE supernovae : general; galaxies : clusters : general; cosmic microwave background; cosmology : observations; cosmology : theory; X-rays : galaxies : clusters ID PROBE WMAP OBSERVATIONS; HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; EQUATION-OF-STATE; HIGH-REDSHIFT SUPERNOVAE; COSMOLOGICAL CONSTANT; LUMINOSITY DISTANCE; POWER SPECTRUM; ANISOTROPY; UNIVERSE; ACCELERATION AB We present new constraints on the evolution of dark energy from an analysis of cosmic microwave background, supernova and X-ray galaxy cluster data. Our analysis employs a minimum of priors and exploits the complementary nature of these data sets. We examine a series of dark energy models with up to three free parameters: the current dark energy equation of state w(0), the early-time equation of state wet, and the scalefactor at transition at. From a combined analysis of all three data sets, assuming a constant equation of state and that the Universe is flat, we measure w(0) = -1.05(-0.12)(+0.10) Including wet as a free parameter and allowing the transition scalefactor to vary over the range 0.5 < alpha(t) < 0.95 where the data sets have discriminating power, we measure w(0) = -1.27(-0.39)(+0.33) and w(et) = -0.66(-0.62)(+0.44). We find no significant evidence for evolution in the dark energy equation-of-state parameter with redshift. Marginal hints of evolution in the supernovae data become less significant when the cluster constraints are also included in the analysis. The complementary nature of the data sets leads to a tight constraint on the mean matter density Omega m and alleviates a number of other parameter degeneracies, including that between the scalar spectral index n(s), the physical baryon density Omega(b)h(2) and the optical depth tau. This complementary nature also allows us to examine models in which we drop the prior on the curvature. For non-flat models with a constant equation of state, we measure w(0) = -1.09(-0.15)(+0.12) and obtain a tight constraint on the current dark energy density Omega(de) = 0.70 +/- 0.03. For dark energy models other than a cosmological constant, energy-momentum conservation requires the inclusion of spatial perturbations in the dark energy component. Our analysis includes such perturbations, assuming a sound speed c(s)(2) = 1 in the dark energy fluid as expected for quintessence scenarios. For our most general dark energy model, not including such perturbations would lead to spurious constraints on wet, which would be tighter than those mentioned above by approximately a factor of 2 with the current data. C1 Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. Univ Barcelona, Dept Astron & Meteorol, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. NASA, Fermilab Astrophys Grp, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London WC1E 6BT, England. RP Rapetti, D (reprint author), Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Madingley Rd, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. EM drapetti@ast.cam.ac.uk RI Rapetti, David/E-6032-2015; OI Rapetti, David/0000-0003-2196-6675; Weller, Jochen/0000-0002-8282-2010 NR 49 TC 107 Z9 107 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD JUN 21 PY 2005 VL 360 IS 2 BP 555 EP 564 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2005.09067.x PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 933OM UT WOS:000229642800013 ER PT J AU Watanabe, H Abe, K Aikawa, Y Akune, Y Doroshenko, M Harada, E Hsiung, YB Ikei, T Ikemoto, Y Inoue, S Inagaki, T Kawakubo, N Kobayashi, S Kojima, T Kurilin, AS Lee, SY Lim, GY Nix, J Ogawa, I Okuno, H Omata, K Oba, T Perdue, GN Sakashita, K Sato, T Shinkawa, T Sugaya, Y Sumida, T Tsamalaidze, Z Tsukamoto, T Wah, YW Yamaga, M Yamanaka, T Yoshimura, Y AF Watanabe, H Abe, K Aikawa, Y Akune, Y Doroshenko, M Harada, E Hsiung, YB Ikei, T Ikemoto, Y Inoue, S Inagaki, T Kawakubo, N Kobayashi, S Kojima, T Kurilin, AS Lee, SY Lim, GY Nix, J Ogawa, I Okuno, H Omata, K Oba, T Perdue, GN Sakashita, K Sato, T Shinkawa, T Sugaya, Y Sumida, T Tsamalaidze, Z Tsukamoto, T Wah, YW Yamaga, M Yamanaka, T Yoshimura, Y TI Neutral beam line to study K-L(0)->pi(0)v(v)over-bar decay at the KEK 12-GeV proton synchrotron SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE neutral beam line; pencil beam; K-L(0) -> pi(0)v(v)over-bar AB A neutral beam line was constructed at the 12-GeV proton synchrotron of KEK for an experiment to study K-L(0) -> pi(0)v (v) over bar decay. It was designed to make a well-collimated K-L(0) beam with small gamma and neutron halos. In a series of beam-survey experiments, beam profiles and energy spectra of gamma's and neutrons were measured. It was confirmed that the beam was sharply collimated with a halo-to-core flux ratio lower than 10(-4). These experimental results were well reproduced by a Monte-Carlo simulation based on the GEANT-3 program. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Saga Univ, Dept Phys, Saga 8408502, Japan. High Energy Accelerator Res Org, KEK, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Osaka Univ, Dept Phys, Osaka 5600043, Japan. Dubna Joint Nucl Res Inst, Dubna 141980, Moscow Region, Russia. Pusan Natl Univ, Dept Phys, Pusan 609735, South Korea. Natl Def Acad, Kanagawa 2398686, Japan. Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. RP Watanabe, H (reprint author), KEK Bldg 4,Oho 1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. EM nabe@post.kek.jp NR 6 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 21 PY 2005 VL 545 IS 3 BP 542 EP 553 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2005.02.011 PG 12 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 942FJ UT WOS:000230268000002 ER PT J AU Silver, E Austin, G Beeman, J Goulding, F Haller, EE Landis, D Madden, N AF Silver, E Austin, G Beeman, J Goulding, F Haller, EE Landis, D Madden, N TI An NTD germanium-based microcalorimeter with 3.1 eV energy resolution at 6 keV SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE microcalorimeter; X-ray spectroscopy ID X-RAY; SPECTROMETERS AB This paper reports recent advances in our microcalorimeter spectrometer that result in an energy resolution of 3.1 eV FWHM for 6keV X-rays. We have developed a detailed model that indicates that further minor improvements will realize 2eV FWHM at 6keV and well under 2eV at I keV. The results demonstrate the value of the microcalorimeter for many applications where a premium exists for very fine resolution in the 0.2-10 keV energy band. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Silver, E (reprint author), Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM esilver@cfa.harvard.edu NR 8 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 21 PY 2005 VL 545 IS 3 BP 683 EP 689 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2005.02.024 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 942FJ UT WOS:000230268000014 ER PT J AU Lang, K Day, J Ellerts, S Fuqua, S Guillen, A Kordosky, M Lang, M Liu, J Opaska, W Proga, M Vahle, P Winbow, A Drake, G Thomas, J Andreopoulos, C Saoulidou, N Stamoulis, P Tzanakos, G Zois, M Weber, A Michael, D AF Lang, K Day, J Ellerts, S Fuqua, S Guillen, A Kordosky, M Lang, M Liu, J Opaska, W Proga, M Vahle, P Winbow, A Drake, G Thomas, J Andreopoulos, C Saoulidou, N Stamoulis, P Tzanakos, G Zois, M Weber, A Michael, D TI Characterization of 1600 Hamamatsu 16-anode photomultipliers for the MINOS Far detector SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Review DE photomultipliers; multi-anode photomultipliers; scintillator readout; fiber readout; neutrino mass; neutrino oscillations ID ELECTRON MULTIPLICATION; NEUTRINO OSCILLATIONS; STATISTICS; SYSTEM AB We are reporting results of the characterization of over 1600 multi-anode R5900-00-M16 photomultipliers manufactured by Hamamatsu Photonics K.K., and installed in the MINOS Far detector. We have conducted extensive tests of the uniformity of gain and collection efficiency of individual anodes, the cross-talk among all 16 channels, the dark noise, and the linearity of response. In our studies we used a blue light-emitting diode to illuminate phototubes through 1.2mm diameter optical fibers. In this paper, we present summaries of the main characteristics of the tested photomultipliers. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. UCL, London WC1E 6BT, England. Univ Athens, Athens 15571, Greece. Univ Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP Lang, K (reprint author), Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. EM lang@hep.utexas.edu OI Weber, Alfons/0000-0002-8222-6681 NR 27 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 21 PY 2005 VL 545 IS 3 BP 852 EP 871 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2005.02.041 PG 20 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 942FJ UT WOS:000230268000033 ER PT J AU Lawson, AC Roberts, JA Martinez, B Von Dreele, RB Storey, B Hawkins, HT Ramos, M Hampel, FG Davis, CC Pereyra, RA Mitchell, JN Freibert, F Valone, SM Claytor, TN Viskoe, DA Schonfeld, FW AF Lawson, AC Roberts, JA Martinez, B Von Dreele, RB Storey, B Hawkins, HT Ramos, M Hampel, FG Davis, CC Pereyra, RA Mitchell, JN Freibert, F Valone, SM Claytor, TN Viskoe, DA Schonfeld, FW TI Lattice constants and anisotropic microstrain at low temperature in Pu-242-Ga alloys SO PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE LA English DT Article ID PU-GA ALLOYS; PHENOMENOLOGICAL MODEL; PHASE-TRANSFORMATIONS; POWDER DIFFRACTION; DELTA-PHASE; STABILITY; PLUTONIUM AB We attempted to characterize by neutron powder diffraction the monoclinic alpha' phase that is known to form at low temperatures in dilute Pu-Ga alloys. This attempt was unsuccessful, as we did not detect any transformation to the alpha' phase, but instead observed a line-broadening effect in the fcc delta phase. This effect is large enough to be visible in the raw diffraction data and is highly anisotropic in crystal space. The onset temperature of the line broadening (150 K) coincides with previous observations of the delta-alpha' transformation. Bulk alpha' was not observed. We believe that the development of alpha' nuclei creates a spatially inhomogeneous stress distribution in the delta matrix, which in turn exhibits an anisotropic response, governed by its elastic anisotropy. We have analysed this observation of anisotropic microstrains in terms of the fictive microstresses required to produce them by elastic deformation. During the course of this work, we found a pseudo-isotope effect in the room temperature lattice constants of Pu-Ga alloys. The alloys made from nominal Pu-242 isotope show systematically higher lattice constants than the corresponding Pu-239 alloys, and the size of the effect is proportional to the Ga concentration. We believe that this effect is associated with the higher levels of radiation damage from isotopic impurities in the Pu-242 alloys. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Lawson, AC (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM lawson@lanl.gov RI Mitchell, Jeremy/E-2875-2010; OI Mitchell, Jeremy/0000-0001-7109-3505; Freibert, Franz/0000-0003-4434-3446 NR 26 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 12 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1478-6435 J9 PHILOS MAG JI Philos. Mag. PD JUN 21 PY 2005 VL 85 IS 18 BP 2007 EP 2022 DI 10.1080/14786430412331314681 PG 16 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics GA 944UP UT WOS:000230456100005 ER PT J AU Okita, T Wolfer, WG Garner, FA Sekimura, N AF Okita, T Wolfer, WG Garner, FA Sekimura, N TI Effects of titanium additions to austenitic ternary alloys on microstructural evolution and void swelling SO PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE LA English DT Article ID FE-CR-NI; FAST-NEUTRONS; DOSE-RATE; PHOSPHORUS; TEMPERATURE; IRRADIATION; DEPENDENCE; STEELS; JOYO; TI AB Ternary austenitic model alloys were modified with 0.25 wt.% titanium and irradiated in the Fast Flux Test Reactor (FFTF) at dose rates ranging over more than two orders in magnitude. While lowering of the dose rate strongly increases swelling by shortening the incubation dose, the steady-state swelling rate is not affected by dose rate. Although titanium addition strongly alters the void microstructure, swelling at about 420 degrees C does not change with titanium additions, but the sensitivity to dose rate is preserved. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. RP Wolfer, WG (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM wolfer1@llnl.gov NR 37 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1478-6435 J9 PHILOS MAG JI Philos. Mag. PD JUN 21 PY 2005 VL 85 IS 18 BP 2033 EP 2048 DI 10.1080/14786430412331331871 PG 16 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics GA 944UP UT WOS:000230456100007 ER PT J AU Barenblatt, GI Chorin, AJ Prostokishin, VM AF Barenblatt, GI Chorin, AJ Prostokishin, VM TI The turbulent wall jet: A triple-layered structure and incomplete similarity SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE turbulence; turbulent jets; scaling; power law AB We demonstrate using the high-quality experimental data that turbulent wall jet flows consist of two self-similar layers: a top layer and a wall layer, separated by a mixing layer where the velocity is close to maximum. The top and wall layers are significantly different from each other, and both exhibit incomplete similarity, i.e., a strong influence of the width of the slot that had previously been neglected. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Math, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Russian Acad Sci, Inst Oceanol, Moscow 117218, Russia. RP Barenblatt, GI (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Math, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM gibarenblatt@lbl.gov OI Prostokishin, Valeriy/0000-0001-6185-9642 NR 19 TC 26 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 7 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JUN 21 PY 2005 VL 102 IS 25 BP 8850 EP 8853 DI 10.1073/pnas.0503186102 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 939CI UT WOS:000230049500013 PM 15947075 ER PT J AU Miller, MA Knobelspiesse, K Frouin, R Bartholomew, MJ Reynolds, RM Pietras, C Fargion, G Quinn, P Thieuleux, F AF Miller, MA Knobelspiesse, K Frouin, R Bartholomew, MJ Reynolds, RM Pietras, C Fargion, G Quinn, P Thieuleux, F TI Analysis of shipboard aerosol optical thickness measurements from multiple sunphotometers aboard the R/V Ronald H. Brown during the Aerosol Characterization Experiment-Asia SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID SUN PHOTOMETERS; RADIOMETER; CALIBRATION; AERONET; DESIGN; OCEANS AB Marine sunphotometer measurements collected aboard the R/V Ronald H. Brown during the Aerosol Characterization Experiment-Asia (ACE-Asia) are used to evaluate the ability of complementary instrumentation to obtain the best possible estimates of aerosol optical thickness and Angstrom exponent from ships at sea. A wide range of aerosol conditions, including clean maritime conditions and highly polluted coastal environments, were encountered during the ACE-Asia cruise. The results of this study suggest that shipboard hand-held sunphotometers and fast-rotating shadow-band radiometers (FRSRs) yield similar measurements and uncertainties if proper measurement protocols are used and if the instruments are properly calibrated. The automated FRSR has significantly better temporal resolution (2 min) than the hand-held sunphotometers when standard measurement protocols are used, so it more faithfully represents the variability of the local aerosol structure in polluted regions. Conversely, results suggest that the hand-held sunphotometers may perform better in clean, maritime air masses for unknown reasons. Results also show that the statistical distribution of the Angstrom exponent measurements is different when the distributions from hand-held surphotometers are compared with those from the FRSR and that the differences may arise from a combination of factors. (c) 2005 Optical Society of America C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Earth Syst Sci Div, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, NASA SIMBIOS Project, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Sci & Technol, Villeneuve Dascq, France. RP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Earth Syst Sci Div, Bldg 490D, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM miller@bnl.gov RI Quinn, Patricia/R-1493-2016; Knobelspiesse, Kirk/S-5902-2016 OI Quinn, Patricia/0000-0003-0337-4895; Knobelspiesse, Kirk/0000-0001-5986-1751 NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD JUN 20 PY 2005 VL 44 IS 18 BP 3805 EP 3820 DI 10.1364/AO.44.003805 PG 16 WC Optics SC Optics GA 938IC UT WOS:000229992100022 PM 15989056 ER PT J AU Kayastha, VK Yap, YK Pan, Z Ivanov, IN Puretzky, AA Geohegan, DB AF Kayastha, VK Yap, YK Pan, Z Ivanov, IN Puretzky, AA Geohegan, DB TI High-density vertically aligned multiwalled carbon nanotubes with tubular structures SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GROWTH AB Ammonia (NH3) gas was thought to be essential for the growth of vertically aligned multiwalled carbon nanotubes (VA-MWCNTs) and led to the formation of bamboo-like structures. Here, we show that VA-MWCNTs with ideal tubular structures can be grown on substrates by various mixed gases with or without NH3 gas. The growth of these VA-MWCNTs is guided by a growth model that combined the dissociative adsorption of acetylene molecules (C2H2) and the successive vapor-liquid-solid growth mechanism. Results indicate that the key factor for growing these VA-MWCNTs is a balance between the decomposition rate of the C2H2 molecules on the iron catalyst and the subsequent diffusion and segregation rates of carbon. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Phys, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Yap, YK (reprint author), Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Phys, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. EM ykyap@mtu.edu RI ivanov, ilia/D-3402-2015; Puretzky, Alexander/B-5567-2016; Geohegan, David/D-3599-2013 OI ivanov, ilia/0000-0002-6726-2502; Puretzky, Alexander/0000-0002-9996-4429; Geohegan, David/0000-0003-0273-3139 NR 15 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 20 PY 2005 VL 86 IS 25 AR 253106 DI 10.1063/1.1952575 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 936LU UT WOS:000229858300050 ER PT J AU Wu, T Mitchell, JF AF Wu, T Mitchell, JF TI Negative differential resistance in mesoscopic manganite structures SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID COLOSSAL MAGNETORESISTANCE; DOPED MANGANITES; PHASE; RESISTIVITY; STATE; FILMS AB Step-like negative differential resistance is observed in patterned Pr-0.65(Ca0.75Sr0.25)(0.35)MnO3 structures with mesoscopic (micrometer) length scales. Key to the appearance of the steps is a field- and temperature-dependent mixture of ferromagnetic metal (FMM) and charge ordered insulating (COI) phases found in this material. Notably, such steps in the current-voltage curves have not been observed in bulk or unpatterned films of this material, suggesting that the commensurability between device dimensions and the size of competing FMM and COI domains are important conditions for observing this effect. We offer a semiquantitative resistor-network model of the steps that posits a local Joule heating-induced phase transition of FMM to COI. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Wu, T (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM mitchell@anl.gov RI Wu, Tom/A-1158-2012 OI Wu, Tom/0000-0003-0845-4827 NR 19 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 20 PY 2005 VL 86 IS 25 AR 252505 DI 10.1063/1.1946904 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 936LU UT WOS:000229858300037 ER PT J AU Yang, A Chen, Z Zuo, X Arena, D Kirkland, J Vittoria, C Harris, VG AF Yang, A Chen, Z Zuo, X Arena, D Kirkland, J Vittoria, C Harris, VG TI Cation-disorder-enhanced magnetization in pulsed-laser-deposited CuFe2O4 films SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ABSORPTION FINE-STRUCTURE; FERRITE AB Copper ferrite films have been deposited on (100) MgO substrates by pulsed-laser deposition. The oxygen pressure used in deposition was varied from 1 to 120 mTorr with the substrate temperature fixed at 700 degrees C. Magnetization values are measured to increase with oxygen pressure, reaching a maximum value of 2480 G, which is a 42% increase over the bulk equilibrium value. Extended x-ray absorption spectroscopy shows that the Cu cation inversion delta [defined as (Cu1-deltaFedelta)(tet)[CudeltaFe2-delta]O-oct(4)] decreases monotonically from 0.72 to 0.55 with increasing saturation magnetization. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Northeastern Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Nankai Univ, Coll Informat Tech Sci, Tianjin 300071, Peoples R China. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. SFA Inc, Landover, MD 20785 USA. RP Yang, A (reprint author), Northeastern Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM fyang@ece.neu.edu RI Harris, Vincent/A-8337-2009; Zuo, Xu/H-3358-2014 OI Zuo, Xu/0000-0001-9440-1021 NR 15 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 20 PY 2005 VL 86 IS 25 AR 252510 DI 10.1063/1.1952571 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 936LU UT WOS:000229858300042 ER PT J AU Lopez, S Reimers, D Gregg, MD Wisotzki, L Wucknitz, O Guzman, A AF Lopez, S Reimers, D Gregg, MD Wisotzki, L Wucknitz, O Guzman, A TI Metal abundances in a damped Ly alpha system along two lines of sight at z=0.93 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmology : observations; galaxies : abundances; intergalactic medium; quasars : absorption lines; quasars : individual (HE 0512-3329) ID ABSORPTION-LINES; HIGH REDSHIFTS; HE 1104-1805; DUST; GALAXIES; QSO; GAS; IONIZATION; METALLICITY; ENRICHMENT AB We study metal abundances in the z = 0.9313 damped Ly alpha system observed along the two lines of sight, A and B, toward the gravitationally lensed double QSO HE 0512-3329. Spatially resolved Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph spectra constrain the neutral-gas column density to be N(H I) = 1020.5 cm(-2) in both A and B. UV-visual Echelle Spectrograph spectra ( spectral resolution FWHM = 9.8 km s(-1)) show, in contrast, significant line-of-sight differences in the column densities of Mn II and Fe II; these are not due to observational systematics. We find that [Mn/H] = -1.44 and [Fe/H] = -1.52 in damped Ly alpha system A, while [Mn/H] = -0.98 and [Fe/H] > -1.32, and possibly as high as [Fe/H] approximate to -1, in damped Ly alpha system B. A careful assessment of possible systematic errors leads us to conclude that these transverse differences are significant at a 5 sigma level or greater. Although nucleosynthesis effects may also be at play, we favor differential dust depletion as the main mechanism producing the observed abundance gradient. The transverse separation is 5 h(70)(-1) kpc at the redshift of the absorber, which is also likely to be the lensing galaxy. The derived abundances therefore probe two opposite sides of a single galaxy hosting both damped Ly alpha systems. This is the first time firm abundance constraints have been obtained for a single damped system probed by two lines of sight. The significance of this finding for the cosmic evolution of metals is discussed. C1 Univ Chile, Dept Astron, Santiago, Chile. Hamburger Sternwarte, D-21029 Hamburg, Germany. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Astrophys Inst Potsdam, D-14482 Potsdam, Germany. Univ Potsdam, Inst Phys, D-14469 Potsdam, Germany. RP Lopez, S (reprint author), Univ Chile, Dept Astron, Santiago, Chile. RI Lopez, Sebastian /I-5657-2016 OI Lopez, Sebastian /0000-0003-0389-0902 NR 37 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 20 PY 2005 VL 626 IS 2 BP 767 EP 775 DI 10.1086/429956 PN 1 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 935PU UT WOS:000229795000011 ER PT J AU Torres, DF Romero, GE Barcons, X Lu, YJ AF Torres, DF Romero, GE Barcons, X Lu, YJ TI Probing the precession of the inner accretion disk in cygnus X-1 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE X-rays : binaries; X-rays : individual (Cygnus X-1) ID X-RAY BINARIES; K-ALPHA-EMISSION; ASCA OBSERVATIONS; COMPACT OBJECTS; LINE; VARIABILITY; RADIATION; GALAXIES; ORIGIN; DRIVEN AB We show that changes in the orientation of the inner accretion disk of Cyg X-1 affect the shape of the broad Fe K alpha emission line emitted from this object, in such a way that eV-level spectral resolution observations ( such as those that will be carried out by the Astro-E2 satellite) can be used to analyze the dynamics of the disk. We present here a potential diagnostic tool supported by numerical simulations by which a few observations of Cyg X-1, separated in time, can determine whether its accretion disk actually precesses, and if so, determine its period and precession angle. This approach could also be used for similar studies in other microquasar systems. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. IAR, RA-1894 Villa Elisa, Argentina. CSIC, UC, Inst Fis Cantabria, Santander 39005, Spain. Univ Sci & Technol China, Ctr Astrophys, Hefei 230026, Anhui, Peoples R China. RP Torres, DF (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 E Ave,L-413, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM dtorres@igpp.ucllnl.org; romero@irma.iar.unlp.edu.ar; barcons@ifca.unican.es; lyj@astron.berkeley.edu RI Barcons, Xavier/L-3335-2014; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016 OI Barcons, Xavier/0000-0003-1081-8861; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065 NR 39 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 20 PY 2005 VL 626 IS 2 BP 1015 EP 1019 DI 10.1086/430125 PN 1 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 935PU UT WOS:000229795000033 ER PT J AU Willman, B Dalcanton, JJ Martinez-Delgado, D West, AA Blanton, MR Hogg, DW Barentine, JC Brewington, HJ Harvanek, M Kleinman, SJ Krzesinski, J Long, D Neilsen, EH Nitta, A Snedden, SA AF Willman, B Dalcanton, JJ Martinez-Delgado, D West, AA Blanton, MR Hogg, DW Barentine, JC Brewington, HJ Harvanek, M Kleinman, SJ Krzesinski, J Long, D Neilsen, EH Nitta, A Snedden, SA TI A new Milky Way dwarf galaxy in Ursa Major SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies : dwarf; local group ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; SATELLITE GALAXIES; DATA RELEASE; SAGITTARIUS; SYSTEM; HALO; ANDROMEDA; STREAM; CORE AB In this Letter, we report the discovery of a new dwarf satellite to the Milky Way, located at ( alpha(2000), delta(2000)) p ( 158 degrees.72, 51 degrees.92) in the constellation of Ursa Major. This object was detected as an overdensity of red, resolved stars in Sloan Digital Sky Survey data. The color- magnitude diagram of the Ursa Major dwarf looks remarkably similar to that of Sextans, the lowest surface brightness Milky Way companion known, but with approximately an order of magnitude fewer stars. Deeper follow- up imaging confirms that this object has an old and metal-poor stellar population and is similar to 100 kpc away. We roughly estimate and pc for this M-v = -6.75 r(1/2) = 250 dwarf. Its luminosity is several times fainter than the faintest known Milky Way dwarf. However, its physical size is typical for dwarf spheroidal galaxies. Even though its absolute magnitude and size are presently quite uncertain, Ursa Major is likely the lowest luminosity and lowest surface brightness galaxy yet known. C1 NYU, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Particle Phys, New York, NY 10003 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. CSIC, Inst Astrofis Andalucia, E-18080 Granada, Spain. Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. Apache Point Observ, Sunspot, NM 88349 USA. Cracow Pedag Univ, Mt Suhora Observ, PL-30084 Krakow, Poland. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Blanton, MR (reprint author), NYU, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Particle Phys, 4 Washington Pl, New York, NY 10003 USA. EM beth.willman@nyu.edu RI West, Andrew/H-3717-2014; OI Hogg, David/0000-0003-2866-9403 NR 32 TC 291 Z9 291 U1 0 U2 3 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 20 PY 2005 VL 626 IS 2 BP L85 EP L88 DI 10.1086/431760 PN 2 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 935PW UT WOS:000229795200004 ER PT J AU Lee, JD AF Lee, JD CA CDF Collaborat D0 Collaborat TI Drell-Yan production at the Fermilab Tevatron SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the Division of Particles and Fields of the American-Physical-Society CY AUG, 2004 CL Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, Div Particles & Fields HO Univ Calif Riverside DE W boson; Z boson; Drell-Yan; new phenomena AB Using data from p (p) over bar collisions at root s = 1.96 TeV collected by the CDF and D0 detectors, we present measurements of the Drell-Yan inclusive differential cross section and forward-backward charge asymmetry as a function of invariant mass. We compare these measurements with Standard Model predictions, and present searches for new physics that could appear as deviations from the Standard Model in the Drell-Yan differential cross section. C1 Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. RP Lee, JD (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500,MS318, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0217-751X J9 INT J MOD PHYS A JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. A PD JUN 20 PY 2005 VL 20 IS 15 BP 3236 EP 3239 DI 10.1142/S0217751X05026248 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 954LA UT WOS:000231155400005 ER PT J AU Maravin, YY AF Maravin, YY CA CDF Collaborat D0 Collaborat TI Di-boson physics at the Tevatron SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the Division of Particles and Fields of the American-Physical-Society CY AUG, 2004 CL Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, Div Particles & Fields HO Univ Calif Riverside DE di-boson physics; tevatron; CDF; DO ID FERMILAB TEVATRON; RUN-II; CDF AB Using almost twice the luminosity of Run I, we present preliminary results on di-boson final states production at the Tevatron. These results include cross section measurements of most di-boson final states including the first measurement of WW cross section. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Naperville, IL 60563 USA. RP Maravin, YY (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, MS 357,POB 500, Naperville, IL 60563 USA. EM maravin@fnal.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0217-751X J9 INT J MOD PHYS A JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. A PD JUN 20 PY 2005 VL 20 IS 15 BP 3253 EP 3257 DI 10.1142/S0217751X05026273 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 954LA UT WOS:000231155400008 ER PT J AU Culbertson, R AF Culbertson, R CA CDF Collaboration TI Analysis of diphoton events at CDF SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the Division of Particles and Fields of the American-Physical-Society CY AUG, 2004 CL Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, Div Particles & Fields HO Univ Calif Riverside DE CDF; photon; QCD; cross section; search; GMSB; SUSY; graviton ID PHOTON PAIR PRODUCTION AB The Collider Detector at Fermilab Collaboration has analyzed events with two photons in the central detector. The cross section is measured and compared to theoretical models. The diphoton mass spectrum is searched for anomalous narrow peaks and a search for gauge-mediated SUSY is performed with events with two photons and missing E-t. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Culbertson, R (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0217-751X J9 INT J MOD PHYS A JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. A PD JUN 20 PY 2005 VL 20 IS 15 BP 3270 EP 3272 DI 10.1142/S0217751X05026315 PG 3 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 954LA UT WOS:000231155400012 ER PT J AU Melnitchouk, A AF Melnitchouk, A TI Search for non-SM light Higgs boson in the h -> gamma gamma channel at DO in Run II SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the Division of Particles and Fields of the American-Physical-Society CY AUG, 2004 CL Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, Div Particles & Fields HO Univ Calif Riverside DE Higgs; fermiophobic; photon AB A search for non-SM light Higgs boson with an enhanced branching fraction into photons in p (p) over bar collisions at the Fermilab Tevatron is presented using Run II DO data taken between April 2002 and September 2003. We set 95% CL limits on the diphoton branching fraction as a function of Higgs mass for Fermiophobic and Topcolor Higgs scenarios. C1 Univ Mississippi, Dept Phys & Astron, University, MS 38677 USA. RP Melnitchouk, A (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, MS 352, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 5 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0217-751X J9 INT J MOD PHYS A JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. A PD JUN 20 PY 2005 VL 20 IS 15 BP 3305 EP 3307 DI 10.1142/S0217751X05026406 PG 3 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 954LA UT WOS:000231155400021 ER PT J AU Dawson, S Jackson, CB Reina, L Wackeroth, D AF Dawson, S Jackson, CB Reina, L Wackeroth, D TI Higgs boson production with bottom quarks at hadron colliders SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the Division of Particles and Fields of the American-Physical-Society CY AUG, 2004 CL Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, Div Particles & Fields HO Univ Calif Riverside DE Higgs; MSSM AB We present results for the production cross section of a Higgs boson with a pair of b (b) over bar quarks, including next-to-leading order (NLO) QCD corrections. C1 Florida State Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. SUNY Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. RP Dawson, S (reprint author), Florida State Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. NR 7 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0217-751X J9 INT J MOD PHYS A JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. A PD JUN 20 PY 2005 VL 20 IS 15 BP 3353 EP 3355 DI 10.1142/S0217751X05026558 PG 3 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 954LA UT WOS:000231155400036 ER PT J AU Graf, NA AF Graf, NA TI Linear collider detector simulation overview SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the Division of Particles and Fields of the American-Physical-Society CY AUG, 2004 CL Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, Div Particles & Fields HO Univ Calif Riverside DE international linear collider; detector simulations AB We describe the ILC detector simulation environment, which features a flexible GEANT4-based detector response program and a Java toolkit, for full event reconstruction and analysis. The toolkit is currently being used for detector design and physics analysis for a future e(+)e(-) linear collider. The reconstruction components are fully modular and axe available for tasks from digitization of tracking detector signals through to cluster finding, pattern recognition, fitting, jetfinding, and analysis. C1 SLAC, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Graf, NA (reprint author), SLAC, Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM Norman.Graf@slac.stanford.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0217-751X J9 INT J MOD PHYS A JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. A PD JUN 20 PY 2005 VL 20 IS 15 BP 3385 EP 3388 DI 10.1142/S0217751X05026601 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 954LA UT WOS:000231155400041 ER PT J AU Becker, K Becker, M Dasgupta, K Tatar, R AF Becker, K Becker, M Dasgupta, K Tatar, R TI Geometric transitions, non-Kahler geometries and string vacua SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the Division of Particles and Fields of the American-Physical-Society CY AUG 26-31, 2004 CL Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, Div Particles & Fields HO Univ Calif Riverside DE geometric transition; non-Kahler manifolds; superpotentials ID LARGE N-DUALITY; MIRROR SYMMETRY; MATRIX MODELS; COMPACTIFICATIONS; MANIFOLDS AB We summarize an explicit construction of a duality cycle for geometric transitions in type II and heterotic theories. We emphasize that the manifolds with torsion constructed with this duality cycle are crucial for understanding different phenomena appearing in effective field theories. C1 Univ Utah, Dept Phys, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Theoret Phys Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Becker, K (reprint author), Univ Utah, Dept Phys, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. NR 32 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0217-751X EI 1793-656X J9 INT J MOD PHYS A JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. A PD JUN 20 PY 2005 VL 20 IS 15 BP 3442 EP 3448 DI 10.1142/S0217751X05026753 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 954LA UT WOS:000231155400056 ER PT J AU Okamoto, M AF Okamoto, M TI Semileptonic decays of D, B, K mesons and the full CKM matrix from unquenched lattice QCD SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the Division of Particles and Fields of the American-Physical-Society CY AUG 26-31, 2004 CL Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, Div Particles & Fields HO Univ Calif Riverside DE semileptonic decay; CKM matrix; lattice QCD ID QUARKS; HEAVY AB We use lattice QCD to fully determine,the CKM matrix. [V-cd], [V-cs], [V-ub], [V-cb], and [V-us] are, respectively, directly determined with our lattice results for form factors of semileptonic D -> pi lv, D -> Klv, B -> pi lv, B -> Dlv and K -> pi lv decays. The accuracy is comparable to that of the Particle Data Group averages. In addition, [V-ud], [V-tb], [V-ts] and [V-td] are determined by using unitaxity of the CKM matrix and the experimental result for sin(2 beta). In this way, we obtain all 9 CKM matrix elements, where the only theoretical input is lattice QCD. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 22 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0217-751X EI 1793-656X J9 INT J MOD PHYS A JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. A PD JUN 20 PY 2005 VL 20 IS 15 BP 3469 EP 3475 DI 10.1142/S0217751X05026789 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 954LA UT WOS:000231155400059 ER PT J AU Yamazaki, T AF Yamazaki, T CA CP-PACS Collaborat TI I=2S-wave pion scattering phase shift with two flavor fullQCD SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the Division of Particles and Fields of the American-Physical-Society CY AUG, 2004 CL Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, Div Particles & Fields HO Univ Calif Riverside ID QUANTUM-FIELD THEORIES; LATTICE; MATRIX; STATES; QCD AB We present a lattice calculation of the scattering phase shift for the I = 2 S-wave pion-pion system in the continuum limit with two-flavor dynamical effect. Calculations are made at three lattice spacings, using the finite volume method proposed by Luscher in the center of mass system, and its extension to the laboratory system by Rummukainen and Gottlieb. C1 RIKEN, BNL, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Yamazaki, T (reprint author), RIKEN, BNL, Res Ctr Bldg 510A, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0217-751X J9 INT J MOD PHYS A JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. A PD JUN 20 PY 2005 VL 20 IS 15 BP 3476 EP 3479 DI 10.1142/S0217751X05026790 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 954LA UT WOS:000231155400060 ER PT J AU Redlinger, G AF Redlinger, G TI First results from BNL E949 SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the Division of Particles and Fields of the American-Physical-Society CY AUG, 2004 CL Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, Div Particles & Fields HO Univ Calif Riverside DE CKM matrix; rare kaon decays; CP violation AB The first result from BNL E949 for the rare kaon decay K+ -> pi(+)vv is described. One candidate event was seen with a signal-to-noise ratio of 0.9. Combined with the two events previously reported by E787, the best estimate of the branching ratio is B(K+ -> pi(+)v $$(v) over bar)= 1.47(-0.89)(+1.30) x 10(-10). C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Redlinger, G (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0217-751X J9 INT J MOD PHYS A JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. A PD JUN 20 PY 2005 VL 20 IS 15 BP 3507 EP 3509 DI 10.1142/S0217751X05026844 PG 3 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 954LA UT WOS:000231155400065 ER PT J AU Lange, DJ AF Lange, DJ CA BABAR Collaboration TI Improved measurement of CP-violation in B -> (c(c)over-bar)K-(*)0 decays SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the Division of Particles and Fields of the American-Physical-Society CY AUG, 2004 CL Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, Div Particles & Fields HO Univ Calif Riverside DE CP violation; B decays ID B-DECAYS AB We present results on time-dependent CP asymmetries in neutral B decays. The amplitude of the CP asymmetry.. sin2 beta in the Standard Model, is derived from decay-time distributions from events in which one neutral B meson is fully reconstructed in a final state containing a charmonium meson and the other B meson is determined to be either a B-0 or (B) over bar (0) from its decay products. Using data collected by the BABAR detector at the PEP-H asymmetric-energy B Factory at SLAC, we measure sin2 beta = 0.722 +/- 0.040(stat) +/- 0.023(syst) and cos2 beta = 2.72(_0.79)(+050)(stat) +/- 0.27(syst), determining the sign of cos2 beta to be positive at 86% CL. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Lange, DJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Mail Stop L-050,7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0217-751X J9 INT J MOD PHYS A JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. A PD JUN 20 PY 2005 VL 20 IS 15 BP 3522 EP 3526 DI 10.1142/S0217751X05026881 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 954LA UT WOS:000231155400069 ER PT J AU Boos, EE Mikhailov, YS Smolyakov, MN Volobuev, IP AF Boos, EE Mikhailov, YS Smolyakov, MN Volobuev, IP TI Energy scales in a stabilized brane world SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article DE branes; large extra dimensions; radion stabilization ID RANDALL-SUNDRUM MODEL; HIERARCHY AB Brane world gravity looks different for observers on positive and negative tension branes. First we consider the well-known RS1 model with two branes embedded into the AdS(5) space-time and recall the results on the relations between the energy scales for an observer on the negative tension brane, which is supposed to be "our" brane. Then from the point of view of this observer we study energy scales and masses for the radion and graviton excitations in a stabilized brane world model. We argue that there may be several possibilities leading to scales of the order 1-10 TeV or even less for new physics effects on our brane. In particular, an interesting scenario can arise in the case of a "symmetric" brane world with a nontrivial warp factor in the bulk, which however takes equal values on both branes. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Skobeltsyn Inst Nucl Phys, Moscow 119992, Russia. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Dept Phys, Moscow 119992, Russia. RP Boos, EE (reprint author), Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Skobeltsyn Inst Nucl Phys, Moscow 119992, Russia. EM boos@theory.sinp.msu.ru; smolyakov@theory.sinp.msu.ru; volobuev@theory.sinp.msu.ru RI Smolyakov, Mikhail/E-1637-2012; Boos, Eduard/D-9748-2012; Volobuev, Igor/J-5677-2013 NR 23 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD JUN 20 PY 2005 VL 717 IS 1-2 BP 19 EP 33 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2005.04.012 PG 15 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 933TY UT WOS:000229657000002 ER PT J AU Andreotti, M Bagnasco, S Baldini, W Bettoni, D Borreani, G Buzzo, A Calabrese, R Cester, R Cibinetto, G Dalpiaz, P Garzoglio, G Gollwitzer, KE Graham, A Hu, M Joffe, D Kasper, J Lasio, G Lo Vetere, M Luppi, E Macri, M Mandelkern, M Marchetto, F Marinelli, M Menichetti, E Metreveli, Z Mussa, R Negrini, M Obertino, MM Pallavicini, M Pastrone, N Patrignani, C Pordes, S Robutti, E Roethel, W Rosen, J Rumerio, P Rusack, RW Santroni, A Schultz, J Seo, SH Seth, KK Stancari, G Stancari, M Tomaradze, A Uman, I Vidnovic, T Werkema, S Zweber, P AF Andreotti, M Bagnasco, S Baldini, W Bettoni, D Borreani, G Buzzo, A Calabrese, R Cester, R Cibinetto, G Dalpiaz, P Garzoglio, G Gollwitzer, KE Graham, A Hu, M Joffe, D Kasper, J Lasio, G Lo Vetere, M Luppi, E Macri, M Mandelkern, M Marchetto, F Marinelli, M Menichetti, E Metreveli, Z Mussa, R Negrini, M Obertino, MM Pallavicini, M Pastrone, N Patrignani, C Pordes, S Robutti, E Roethel, W Rosen, J Rumerio, P Rusack, RW Santroni, A Schultz, J Seo, SH Seth, KK Stancari, G Stancari, M Tomaradze, A Uman, I Vidnovic, T Werkema, S Zweber, P CA Fermilab E835 Collaborat TI Measurement of the resonance parameters of the X1(1(3)P(1)) and X2(1(3)P(2)) states of charmonium formed in antiproton-proton annihilations SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article ID FERMILAB; J/PSI AB We have studied the P-3(J) (chi(C)) states of charmonium in formation by antiproton-proton annihilations in experiment E835 at the Fermilab Antiproton Source. We report new measurements of the mass, width, and B(chi(cJ) -> (p) over barp)Gamma(chi(cJ) -> J/psi + anything) for the chi(c1) and chi(c2) by means of the inclusive reaction (p) over barp -> X-cJ -> J/psi + anything -> (e(+)e(-)) + anything. Using the sub-sample of events where chi(cJ) -> gamma + J/psi -> y + (e(+)e(-)) is fully reconstructed, we derive B(chi(cJ) -> (p) over barp)Gamma(chi(cJ) -> J/psi + gamma). We summarize the results of the E760 (updated) and E835 measurements of mass, width and B(chi(cJ) -> (p) over barp)Gamma(chi(cJ) -> J/psi + gamma) (J = 0, 1, 2) and discuss the significance of these measurements. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Inst Nzl Fis Nucl, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Univ Ferrara, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Inst Nazl Fis Nucl, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Univ Genoa, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Inst Nazl Fis Nucl, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Univ Turin, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Inst Nzl Fis Nucl, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. EM markm@uci.edu RI Pallavicini, Marco/G-5500-2012; Patrignani, Claudia/C-5223-2009; Bagnasco, Stefano/J-4324-2012; Negrini, Matteo/C-8906-2014; Luppi, Eleonora/A-4902-2015; Calabrese, Roberto/G-4405-2015; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/J-5049-2012; OI Mussa, Roberto/0000-0002-0294-9071; Pallavicini, Marco/0000-0001-7309-3023; Patrignani, Claudia/0000-0002-5882-1747; Negrini, Matteo/0000-0003-0101-6963; Luppi, Eleonora/0000-0002-1072-5633; Calabrese, Roberto/0000-0002-1354-5400; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/0000-0002-6520-4480; Cibinetto, Gianluigi/0000-0002-3491-6231 NR 12 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 EI 1873-1562 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD JUN 20 PY 2005 VL 717 IS 1-2 BP 34 EP 47 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2005.03.042 PG 14 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 933TY UT WOS:000229657000003 ER PT J AU Dodin, IY Fisch, NJ AF Dodin, IY Fisch, NJ TI Variational formulation of the Gardner's restacking algorithm SO PHYSICS LETTERS A LA English DT Article DE phase-space restacking; distribution function; wave-plasma interaction ID PLASMAS; ENERGY; WAVES AB The incompressibility of the phase flow of Hamiltonian wave-plasma interactions restricts the class of realizable wave-driven transformations of the particle distribution. After the interaction, the distribution remains composed of the original phase-space elements, or local densities, which are only rearranged ("restacked") by the wave. A variational formalism is developed to study the corresponding limitations on the energy and momentum transfer. A case of particular interest is a toroidal plasma immersed in a dc magnetic field. The restacking algorithm by Gardner [Phys. Fluids 6 (1963) 839] is formulated precisely. The minimum energy state for a plasma with a given current is determined. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Dodin, IY (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM idodin@pppl.gov NR 8 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9601 J9 PHYS LETT A JI Phys. Lett. A PD JUN 20 PY 2005 VL 341 IS 1-4 BP 187 EP 192 DI 10.1016/j.physleta.2005.04.078 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 937SF UT WOS:000229945100025 ER PT J AU Coates, AJ McAndrews, HJ Rymer, AM Young, DT Crary, FJ Maurice, S Johnson, RE Baragiola, RA Tokar, RL Sittler, EC Lewis, GR AF Coates, AJ McAndrews, HJ Rymer, AM Young, DT Crary, FJ Maurice, S Johnson, RE Baragiola, RA Tokar, RL Sittler, EC Lewis, GR TI Plasma electrons above Saturn's main rings: CAPS observations SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID IMAGING SCIENCE; MAGNETOSPHERE; SPECTROMETER AB We present observations of thermal ( similar to 0.6 - 100eV) electrons observed near Saturn's main rings during Cassini's Saturn Orbit Insertion (SOI) on 1 July 2004. We find that the intensity of electrons is broadly anticorrelated with the ring optical depth at the magnetic footprint of the field line joining the spacecraft to the rings. We see enhancements corresponding to the Cassini division and Encke gap. We suggest that some of the electrons are generated by photoemission from ring particle surfaces on the illuminated side of the rings, the far side from the spacecraft. Structure in the energy spectrum over the Cassini division and A-ring may be related to photoelectron emission followed by acceleration, or, more likely, due to photoelectron production in the ring atmosphere or ionosphere. C1 UCL, Mullard Space Sci Lab, Dorking RH5 6NT, Surrey, England. SW Res Inst, San Antonio, TX 78228 USA. Observ Midi Pyrenees, F-31400 Toulouse, France. Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Coates, AJ (reprint author), UCL, Mullard Space Sci Lab, Holmbury St Mary, Dorking RH5 6NT, Surrey, England. EM ajc@mssl.ucl.ac.uk RI Coates, Andrew/C-2396-2008 OI Coates, Andrew/0000-0002-6185-3125 NR 20 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JUN 18 PY 2005 VL 32 IS 14 AR L14S09 DI 10.1029/2005GL022694 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 938GN UT WOS:000229988000001 ER PT J AU Lavraud, B Thomsen, MF Taylor, MGGT Wang, YL Phan, TD Schwartz, SJ Elphic, RC Fazakerley, A Reme, H Balogh, A AF Lavraud, B Thomsen, MF Taylor, MGGT Wang, YL Phan, TD Schwartz, SJ Elphic, RC Fazakerley, A Reme, H Balogh, A TI Characteristics of the magnetosheath electron boundary layer under northward interplanetary magnetic field: Implications for high-latitude reconnection SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DAYSIDE MAGNETOPAUSE; CUSP RECONNECTION; CLUSTER SURVEY; EXTERIOR CUSP; IMF; SHEAR; MAGNETOSPHERE; PEACE AB [1] We analyze Cluster data to explore the statistical properties of the magnetosheath electron boundary layer, observed outside the high-latitude dayside magnetopause, under northward interplanetary magnetic field ( IMF). We investigate the dependence of the presence and directionality of heated magnetosheath electrons in this layer on the geomagnetic dipole tilt and IMF tilt angles. The statistical results illustrate that the dipole tilt angle primarily controls the directionality of heated electrons in the magnetosheath boundary layer outside of the magnetopause. By contrast, the effect of the IMF tilt angle appears marginal. If the presence of such heated electrons is taken to be the signature of magnetosheath field lines that have reconnected with the high-latitude magnetic field of the Earth, tailward of the cusp, these results indicate that the dipole tilt determines in which hemisphere high-latitude reconnection of a given magnetosheath field line occurs first. The marginal impact of the IMF tilt angle may indicate that its potential effect is partially removed by the IMF passage through the bow shock and subsequent magnetic field draping at the dayside magnetopause. The frequent detection of bidirectional heated electrons outside the magnetopause additionally suggests that magnetosheath field lines may frequently reconnect in both hemispheres. Such a finding would support double high-latitude reconnection as a potential mechanism for low-latitude boundary layer formation under northward IMF. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ London, Queen Mary, Astron Unit, London E1 4NS, England. UCL, Mullard Space Sci Lab, Dorking RH5 6NT, Surrey, England. Ctr Etud Spatiale Rayonnements, F-31028 Toulouse, France. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, London SW7 2AZ, England. RP Lavraud, B (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663,MS D466, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM lavraud@lanl.gov NR 23 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD JUN 18 PY 2005 VL 110 IS A6 AR A06209 DI 10.1029/2004JA010808 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 938IT UT WOS:000229993900002 ER PT J AU Yu, CH Parikh, AN Groves, JT AF Yu, CH Parikh, AN Groves, JT TI Direct patterning of membrane-derivatized colloids using in-situ UV-ozone photolithography SO ADVANCED MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID SUPPORTED LIPID-BILAYERS; PHOSPHOLIPID-BILAYERS; COMPOSITION ARRAYS; CELL-ADHESION; FLUID; MANIPULATION; DYNAMICS; SURFACES; WATER; GLASS AB A lithographic method of patterning lipid bilayer membranes on the surface of colloidal particles is described. Three-dimensional, micrometer-resolution patterns on the single fluid lipid bilayer membranes supported on silica microspheres have been generated by in-situ UV photolithography (see Figure). This technique is based on the direct photochemical removal of lipids from the colloid surface in an aqueous environment. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM JTGroves@lbl.gov RI Yu, Cheng-han/K-8732-2013; PARIKH, ATUL/D-2243-2014 OI PARIKH, ATUL/0000-0002-5927-4968 NR 26 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 15 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0935-9648 EI 1521-4095 J9 ADV MATER JI Adv. Mater. PD JUN 17 PY 2005 VL 17 IS 12 BP 1477 EP 1480 DI 10.1002/adma.200401586 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 936YK UT WOS:000229891300004 ER PT J AU Xiao, XC Elam, JW Trasobares, S Auciello, O Carlisle, JA AF Xiao, XC Elam, JW Trasobares, S Auciello, O Carlisle, JA TI Synthesis of a self-assembled hybrid of ultrananocrystalline diamond and carbon nanotubes SO ADVANCED MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; THIN-FILMS; GROWTH AB A self-assembled hybrid of ultranano-crystalline diamond (UNCD) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is successfully prepared by their simultaneous growth in an argon-rich Ar/CH4 plasma (see Figure and cover). Control of the relative fractions and configurations of UNCD and CNTs in the hybrid material is demonstrated. This new synthesis pathway enables the development of new nanocarbons with unique mechanical, tribological, and electrochemical properties. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Syst, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Argonne Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM Carlisle@anl.gov RI Trasobares, Susana/H-5282-2015 OI Trasobares, Susana/0000-0003-3820-4327 NR 27 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 17 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0935-9648 EI 1521-4095 J9 ADV MATER JI Adv. Mater. PD JUN 17 PY 2005 VL 17 IS 12 BP 1496 EP 1500 DI 10.1002/adma.200401581 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 936YK UT WOS:000229891300009 ER PT J AU Findikoglu, AT Choi, W Matias, V Holesinger, TG Jia, QX Peterson, DE AF Findikoglu, AT Choi, W Matias, V Holesinger, TG Jia, QX Peterson, DE TI Well-oriented silicon thin films with high carrier mobility on polycrystalline substrates SO ADVANCED MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID BEAM-ASSISTED DEPOSITION; MGO; SAPPHIRE AB Si thin films, grown using ion-beam-assisted deposition of buffer layers on polycrystalline metal-alloy tapes (see Figure), show out-of-plane and in-plane mosaic spreads of 0.8 and 1.3, respectively, and a room-temperature Hall mobility of 89 cm(2) V-1 S-1 for a doping concentration of 4.4 x 10(16) cm(3). These results provide proof-of-concept for a promising materials technology that does not require lattice-matched, single-crystal substrates for deposition of well-oriented, high-carrier-mobility semiconductor thin films. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM findik@lanl.gov RI Jia, Q. X./C-5194-2008 NR 14 TC 59 Z9 59 U1 1 U2 10 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0935-9648 EI 1521-4095 J9 ADV MATER JI Adv. Mater. PD JUN 17 PY 2005 VL 17 IS 12 BP 1527 EP 1531 DI 10.1002/adma.20050040 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 936YK UT WOS:000229891300017 ER PT J AU Baumann, TF Kucheyev, SO Gash, AE Satcher, JH AF Baumann, TF Kucheyev, SO Gash, AE Satcher, JH TI Facile synthesis of a crystalline, high-surface-area SnO2 aerogel SO ADVANCED MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID SOL-GEL SYNTHESIS; OXIDE THIN-FILM; NANOCRYSTALLINE SNO2; HYDROGEN SENSOR; ION BATTERIES; GAS SENSORS; GROWTH; NANOPARTICLES; TEMPERATURE; MONOLITHS AB Preparation of a low-density, high-surface-area SnO2 aerogel (see Figure inset), comprised of interconnected, randomly oriented crystalline (rutile) SnO2 nanoparticles similar to 3-5 nm in size is reported. X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopy at the Sri M-4.5 edge reveals that the electronic structure of the SnO2 aerogel is similar to that of tetragonal SnO, rather than SnO2 or beta-Sn, with additional Sn-related electronic states close to the conduction band minimum. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM baumann2@llnl.gov NR 35 TC 77 Z9 82 U1 12 U2 96 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0935-9648 EI 1521-4095 J9 ADV MATER JI Adv. Mater. PD JUN 17 PY 2005 VL 17 IS 12 BP 1546 EP 1548 DI 10.1002/adma.200500074 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 936YK UT WOS:000229891300022 ER PT J AU Rybin, AV Vadeiko, IP Bishop, AR AF Rybin, AV Vadeiko, IP Bishop, AR TI Non-adiabatic manipulation of slow-light solitons SO NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ATOMIC MEDIUM; PULSES; STORAGE; SYSTEM AB We provide an exact analytic description of decelerating, stopping and reaccelerating optical solitons in atomic media in the non-adiabatic regime. Dynamical control over slow-light pulses is realized via a nonlinear interplay between the solitons and the controlling field generated by an auxiliary laser. This leads to recovery of optical information. We discuss physically interesting features of our solution, which are in good agreement with recent experiments. C1 Univ Jyvaskyla, Dept Phys, FIN-04351 Jyvaskyla, Finland. Univ St Andrews, Sch Phys & Astron, St Andrews KY16 9SS, Fife, Scotland. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Rybin, AV (reprint author), Univ Jyvaskyla, Dept Phys, POB 35, FIN-04351 Jyvaskyla, Finland. EM andrei.rybin@phys.jyu.fi; iv3@st-andrews.ac.uk; arb@lanl.gov NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1367-2630 J9 NEW J PHYS JI New J. Phys. PD JUN 17 PY 2005 VL 7 AR 146 DI 10.1088/1367-2630/7/1/146 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 936DU UT WOS:000229836500003 ER PT J AU Abazov, VM Abbott, B Abolins, M Acharya, BS Adams, M Adams, T Agelou, M Agram, JL Ahn, SH Ahsan, M Alexeev, GD Alkhazov, G Alton, A Alverson, G Alves, GA Anastasoaie, M Andeen, T Anderson, S Andrieu, B Arnoud, Y Askew, A Asman, B Jesus, ACSA Atramentov, O Autermann, C Avila, C Badaud, F Baden, A Baldin, B Balm, PW Banerjee, S Barberis, E Bargassa, P Baringer, P Barnes, C Barreto, J Bartlett, JF Bassler, U Bauer, D Bean, A Beauceron, S Begel, M Bellavance, A Beri, SB Bernardi, G Bernhard, R Bertram, I Besancon, M Beuselinck, R Bezzubov, VA Bhat, PC Bhatnagar, V Binder, M Biscarat, C Black, KM Blackler, I Blazey, G Blekman, F Blessing, S Bloch, D Blumenschein, U Boehnlein, A Boeriu, O Bolton, TA Borcherding, F Borissov, G Bos, K Bose, T Brandt, A Brock, R Brooijmans, G Bross, A Buchanan, NJ Buchholz, D Buehler, M Buescher, V Burdin, S Burnett, TH Busato, E Butler, JM Bystricky, J Caron, S Carvalho, W Casey, BCK Cason, NM Castilla-Valdez, H Chakrabarti, S Chakraborty, D Chan, KM Chandra, A Chapin, D Charles, F Cheu, E Cho, DK Choi, S Choudhary, B Christiansen, T Christofek, L Claes, D Clement, B Clement, C Coadou, Y Cooke, M Cooper, WE Coppage, D Corcoran, M Cothenet, A Cousinou, MC Cox, B Crepe-Renaudin, S Cristetiu, M Cutts, D da Motta, H Davies, B Davies, G Davis, GA De, K de Jong, P de Jong, SJ De la Cruz-Burelo, E Martins, CD Dean, S Degenhardt, JD Deliot, F Demarteau, M Demina, R Demine, P Denisov, D Denisov, SP Desai, S Diehl, HT Diesburg, M Doidge, M Dong, H Doulas, S Dudko, LV Duflot, L Dugad, SR Duperrin, A Dyer, J Dyshkant, A Eads, M Edmunds, D Edwards, T Ellison, J Elmsheuser, J Elvira, VD Eno, S Ermolov, P Eroshin, OV Estrada, J Evans, D Evans, H Evdokimov, A Evdokimov, VN Fast, J Fatakia, SN Feligioni, L Ferbel, T Fiedler, F Filthaut, F Fisher, W Fisk, HE Fleck, I Fortner, M Fox, H Fu, S Fuess, S Gadfort, T Galea, CF Gallas, E Galyaev, E Garcia, C Garcia-Bellido, A Gardner, J Gavrilov, V Gay, P Gele, D Gelhaus, R Genser, K Gerber, CE Gershtein, Y Ginther, G Golling, T Gomez, B Gounder, K Goussiou, A Grannis, PD Greder, S Greenlee, H Greenwood, ZD Gregores, EM Gris, P Grivaz, JF Groer, L Grunendahl, S Grunewald, MW Gurzhiev, SN Gutierrez, G Gutierrez, P Haas, A Hadley, NJ Hagopian, S Hall, I Hall, RE Han, C Han, L Hanagaki, K Harder, K Harrington, R Hauptman, JM Hauser, R Hays, J Hebbeker, T Hedin, D Heinmiller, JM Heinson, AP Heintz, U Hensel, C Hesketh, G Hildreth, MD Hirosky, R Hobbs, JD Hoeneisen, B Hohlfeld, M Hong, SJ Hooper, R Houben, P Hu, Y Huang, J Iashvili, I Illingworth, R Ito, AS Jabeen, S Jaffre, M Jain, S Jain, V Jakobs, K Jenkins, A Jesik, R Johns, K Johnson, M Jonckheere, A Jonsson, P Juste, A Kafer, D Kahl, W Kahn, S Kajfasz, E Kalinin, AM Kalk, J Karmanov, D Kasper, J Kau, D Kaur, R Kehoe, R Kermiche, S Kesisoglou, S Khanov, A Kharchilava, A Kharzheev, YM Kim, H Klima, B Klute, M Kohli, JM Kopal, M Korablev, VM Kotcher, J Kothari, B Koubarovsky, A Kozelov, AV Kozminski, J Kryemadhi, A Krzywdzinski, S Kuleshov, S Kulik, Y Kumar, A Kunori, S Kupco, A Kurca, T Kvita, J Lager, S Lahrichi, N Landsberg, G Lazoflores, J Le Bihan, AC Lebrun, P Lee, WM Leflat, A Lehner, F Leonidopoulos, C Leveque, J Lewis, P Li, J Li, QZ Lima, JGR Lincoln, D Linn, SL Linnemann, J Lipaev, VV Lipton, R Lobo, L Lobodenko, A Lokajicek, M Lounis, A Love, P Lubatti, HJ Lueking, L Lynker, M Lyon, AL Maciel, AKA Madaras, RJ Mattig, P Magass, C Magerkurth, A Magnan, AM Makovec, N Mal, PK Malbouisson, HB Malik, S Malyshev, VL Mao, HS Maravin, Y Martens, M Mattingly, SEK Mayorov, AA McCarthy, R McCroskey, R Meder, D Melanson, HL Melnitchouk, A Mendes, A Merkin, M Merritt, KW Meyer, A Michaut, M Miettinen, H Mitrevski, J Mokhov, N Molina, J Mondal, NK Moore, RW Muanza, GS Mulders, M Mutaf, YD Nagy, E Narain, M Naumann, NA Neal, HA Negret, JP Nelson, S Neustroev, P Noeding, C Nomerotski, A Novaes, SF Nunnemann, T Nurse, E O'Dell, V O'Neil, DC Oguri, V Oliveira, N Oshima, N Garzon, GOJO Padley, P Parashar, N Park, SK Parsons, J Partridge, R Parua, N Patwa, A Perea, PM Perez, E Petroff, P Petteni, M Phaf, L Piegaia, R Pleier, MA Podesta-Lerma, PLM Podstavkov, VM Pogorelov, Y Pope, BG da Silva, WLP Prosper, HB Protopopescu, S Qian, J Quadt, A Quinn, B Rani, KJ Ranjan, K Rapidis, PA Ratoff, PN Reay, NW Reucroft, S Rijssenbeek, M Ripp-Baudot, I Rizatdinova, F Rodrigues, RF Royon, C Rubinov, P Ruchti, R Rud, VI Sajot, G Sanchez-Hernandez, A Sanders, MP Santoro, A Savage, G Sawyer, L Scanlon, T Schaile, D Schamberger, RD Schellman, H Schieferdecker, P Schmitt, C Schwartzman, A Schwienhorst, R Sengupta, S Severini, H Shabalina, E Shamim, M Shary, V Shchukin, AA Shephard, WD Shivpuri, RK Shpakov, D Sidwell, RA Simak, V Sirotenko, V Skubic, P Slattery, P Smith, RP Smolek, K Snow, GR Snow, J Snyder, S Soldner-Rembold, S Song, X Sonnenschein, L Sopczak, A Sosebee, M Soustruznik, K Souza, M Spurlock, B Stanton, NR Stark, J Steele, J Stevenson, K Stolin, V Stone, A Stoyanova, DA Strandberg, J Strang, MA Strauss, M Strohmer, R Strom, D Strovink, M Stutte, L Sumowidagdo, S Sznajder, A Talby, M Tamburello, P Taylor, W Telford, P Temple, J Thomas, E Thooris, B Tomoto, M Toole, T Torborg, J Towers, S Trefzger, T Trincaz-Duvoid, S Tuchming, B Tully, C Turcot, AS Tuts, PM Uvarov, L Uvarov, S Uzunyan, S Vachon, B Van Kooten, R van Leeuwen, WM Varelas, N Varnes, EW Vartapetian, A Vasilyev, IA Vaupel, M Verdier, P Vertogradov, LS Verzocchi, M Villeneuve-Seguier, F Vlimant, JR Von Toerne, E Vreeswijk, M Vu Anh, T Wahl, HD Walker, R Wang, L Wang, ZM Warchol, J Watts, G Wayne, M Weber, M Weerts, H Wegner, M Wermes, N White, A White, V Wicke, D Wijngaarden, DA Wilson, GW Wimpenny, SJ Wittlin, J Wobisch, M Womersley, J Wood, DR Wyatt, TR Xu, Q Xuan, N Yacoob, S Yamada, R Yan, M Yasuda, T Yatsunenko, YA Yen, Y Yip, K Yoo, HD Youn, SW Yu, J Yurkewicz, A Zabi, A Zatserklyaniy, A Zdrazil, M Zeitnitz, C Zhang, D Zhang, X Zhao, T Zhao, Z Zhou, B Zhu, J Zielinski, M Zieminska, D Zieminski, A Zitoun, R Zutshi, V Zverev, EG AF Abazov, VM Abbott, B Abolins, M Acharya, BS Adams, M Adams, T Agelou, M Agram, JL Ahn, SH Ahsan, M Alexeev, GD Alkhazov, G Alton, A Alverson, G Alves, GA Anastasoaie, M Andeen, T Anderson, S Andrieu, B Arnoud, Y Askew, A Asman, B Jesus, ACSA Atramentov, O Autermann, C Avila, C Badaud, F Baden, A Baldin, B Balm, PW Banerjee, S Barberis, E Bargassa, P Baringer, P Barnes, C Barreto, J Bartlett, JF Bassler, U Bauer, D Bean, A Beauceron, S Begel, M Bellavance, A Beri, SB Bernardi, G Bernhard, R Bertram, I Besancon, M Beuselinck, R Bezzubov, VA Bhat, PC Bhatnagar, V Binder, M Biscarat, C Black, KM Blackler, I Blazey, G Blekman, F Blessing, S Bloch, D Blumenschein, U Boehnlein, A Boeriu, O Bolton, TA Borcherding, F Borissov, G Bos, K Bose, T Brandt, A Brock, R Brooijmans, G Bross, A Buchanan, NJ Buchholz, D Buehler, M Buescher, V Burdin, S Burnett, TH Busato, E Butler, JM Bystricky, J Caron, S Carvalho, W Casey, BCK Cason, NM Castilla-Valdez, H Chakrabarti, S Chakraborty, D Chan, KM Chandra, A Chapin, D Charles, F Cheu, E Cho, DK Choi, S Choudhary, B Christiansen, T Christofek, L Claes, D Clement, B Clement, C Coadou, Y Cooke, M Cooper, WE Coppage, D Corcoran, M Cothenet, A Cousinou, MC Cox, B Crepe-Renaudin, S Cristetiu, M Cutts, D da Motta, H Davies, B Davies, G Davis, GA De, K de Jong, P de Jong, SJ De la Cruz-Burelo, E Martins, CD Dean, S Degenhardt, JD Deliot, F Demarteau, M Demina, R Demine, P Denisov, D Denisov, SP Desai, S Diehl, HT Diesburg, M Doidge, M Dong, H Doulas, S Dudko, LV Duflot, L Dugad, SR Duperrin, A Dyer, J Dyshkant, A Eads, M Edmunds, D Edwards, T Ellison, J Elmsheuser, J Elvira, VD Eno, S Ermolov, P Eroshin, OV Estrada, J Evans, D Evans, H Evdokimov, A Evdokimov, VN Fast, J Fatakia, SN Feligioni, L Ferbel, T Fiedler, F Filthaut, F Fisher, W Fisk, HE Fleck, I Fortner, M Fox, H Fu, S Fuess, S Gadfort, T Galea, CF Gallas, E Galyaev, E Garcia, C Garcia-Bellido, A Gardner, J Gavrilov, V Gay, P Gele, D Gelhaus, R Genser, K Gerber, CE Gershtein, Y Ginther, G Golling, T Gomez, B Gounder, K Goussiou, A Grannis, PD Greder, S Greenlee, H Greenwood, ZD Gregores, EM Gris, P Grivaz, JF Groer, L Grunendahl, S Grunewald, MW Gurzhiev, SN Gutierrez, G Gutierrez, P Haas, A Hadley, NJ Hagopian, S Hall, I Hall, RE Han, C Han, L Hanagaki, K Harder, K Harrington, R Hauptman, JM Hauser, R Hays, J Hebbeker, T Hedin, D Heinmiller, JM Heinson, AP Heintz, U Hensel, C Hesketh, G Hildreth, MD Hirosky, R Hobbs, JD Hoeneisen, B Hohlfeld, M Hong, SJ Hooper, R Houben, P Hu, Y Huang, J Iashvili, I Illingworth, R Ito, AS Jabeen, S Jaffre, M Jain, S Jain, V Jakobs, K Jenkins, A Jesik, R Johns, K Johnson, M Jonckheere, A Jonsson, P Juste, A Kafer, D Kahl, W Kahn, S Kajfasz, E Kalinin, AM Kalk, J Karmanov, D Kasper, J Kau, D Kaur, R Kehoe, R Kermiche, S Kesisoglou, S Khanov, A Kharchilava, A Kharzheev, YM Kim, H Klima, B Klute, M Kohli, JM Kopal, M Korablev, VM Kotcher, J Kothari, B Koubarovsky, A Kozelov, AV Kozminski, J Kryemadhi, A Krzywdzinski, S Kuleshov, S Kulik, Y Kumar, A Kunori, S Kupco, A Kurca, T Kvita, J Lager, S Lahrichi, N Landsberg, G Lazoflores, J Le Bihan, AC Lebrun, P Lee, WM Leflat, A Lehner, F Leonidopoulos, C Leveque, J Lewis, P Li, J Li, QZ Lima, JGR Lincoln, D Linn, SL Linnemann, J Lipaev, VV Lipton, R Lobo, L Lobodenko, A Lokajicek, M Lounis, A Love, P Lubatti, HJ Lueking, L Lynker, M Lyon, AL Maciel, AKA Madaras, RJ Mattig, P Magass, C Magerkurth, A Magnan, AM Makovec, N Mal, PK Malbouisson, HB Malik, S Malyshev, VL Mao, HS Maravin, Y Martens, M Mattingly, SEK Mayorov, AA McCarthy, R McCroskey, R Meder, D Melanson, HL Melnitchouk, A Mendes, A Merkin, M Merritt, KW Meyer, A Michaut, M Miettinen, H Mitrevski, J Mokhov, N Molina, J Mondal, NK Moore, RW Muanza, GS Mulders, M Mutaf, YD Nagy, E Narain, M Naumann, NA Neal, HA Negret, JP Nelson, S Neustroev, P Noeding, C Nomerotski, A Novaes, SF Nunnemann, T Nurse, E O'Dell, V O'Neil, DC Oguri, V Oliveira, N Oshima, N Garzon, GOJO Padley, P Parashar, N Park, SK Parsons, J Partridge, R Parua, N Patwa, A Perea, PM Perez, E Petroff, P Petteni, M Phaf, L Piegaia, R Pleier, MA Podesta-Lerma, PLM Podstavkov, VM Pogorelov, Y Pope, BG da Silva, WLP Prosper, HB Protopopescu, S Qian, J Quadt, A Quinn, B Rani, KJ Ranjan, K Rapidis, PA Ratoff, PN Reay, NW Reucroft, S Rijssenbeek, M Ripp-Baudot, I Rizatdinova, F Rodrigues, RF Royon, C Rubinov, P Ruchti, R Rud, VI Sajot, G Sanchez-Hernandez, A Sanders, MP Santoro, A Savage, G Sawyer, L Scanlon, T Schaile, D Schamberger, RD Schellman, H Schieferdecker, P Schmitt, C Schwartzman, A Schwienhorst, R Sengupta, S Severini, H Shabalina, E Shamim, M Shary, V Shchukin, AA Shephard, WD Shivpuri, RK Shpakov, D Sidwell, RA Simak, V Sirotenko, V Skubic, P Slattery, P Smith, RP Smolek, K Snow, GR Snow, J Snyder, S Soldner-Rembold, S Song, X Sonnenschein, L Sopczak, A Sosebee, M Soustruznik, K Souza, M Spurlock, B Stanton, NR Stark, J Steele, J Stevenson, K Stolin, V Stone, A Stoyanova, DA Strandberg, J Strang, MA Strauss, M Strohmer, R Strom, D Strovink, M Stutte, L Sumowidagdo, S Sznajder, A Talby, M Tamburello, P Taylor, W Telford, P Temple, J Thomas, E Thooris, B Tomoto, M Toole, T Torborg, J Towers, S Trefzger, T Trincaz-Duvoid, S Tuchming, B Tully, C Turcot, AS Tuts, PM Uvarov, L Uvarov, S Uzunyan, S Vachon, B Van Kooten, R van Leeuwen, WM Varelas, N Varnes, EW Vartapetian, A Vasilyev, IA Vaupel, M Verdier, P Vertogradov, LS Verzocchi, M Villeneuve-Seguier, F Vlimant, JR Von Toerne, E Vreeswijk, M Vu Anh, T Wahl, HD Walker, R Wang, L Wang, ZM Warchol, J Watts, G Wayne, M Weber, M Weerts, H Wegner, M Wermes, N White, A White, V Wicke, D Wijngaarden, DA Wilson, GW Wimpenny, SJ Wittlin, J Wobisch, M Womersley, J Wood, DR Wyatt, TR Xu, Q Xuan, N Yacoob, S Yamada, R Yan, M Yasuda, T Yatsunenko, YA Yen, Y Yip, K Yoo, HD Youn, SW Yu, J Yurkewicz, A Zabi, A Zatserklyaniy, A Zdrazil, M Zeitnitz, C Zhang, D Zhang, X Zhao, T Zhao, Z Zhou, B Zhu, J Zielinski, M Zieminska, D Zieminski, A Zitoun, R Zutshi, V Zverev, EG CA DO Collaboration TI Measurement of inclusive differential cross sections for Upsilon(1S) production in p(p)over-bar collisions at root s=1.96 TeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID OCTET QUARKONIA PRODUCTION; ROOT S=1.8 TEV; HADRONIC COLLISIONS; J/PSI; HADROPRODUCTION; CHARMONIUM; MESONS; DECAYS; SOFT AB We present measurements of the inclusive production cross sections of the Upsilon(1S) bottomonium state in p (p) over bar collisions at root s=1.96 TeV. Using the Upsilon(1S)->mu(+)mu(-) decay mode for a data sample of 159 +/- 10 pb(-1) collected by the D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron collider, we determine the differential cross sections as a function of the Upsilon(1S) transverse momentum for three ranges of the Upsilon(1S) rapidity: 0 <\y(Upsilon)\<= 0.6, 0.6 <\y(Upsilon)\<= 1.2, and 1.2 <\y(Upsilon)\<= 1.8. C1 Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. Univ Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. Ctr Brasileiro Pesquisas Fis, LAFEX, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Univ Estado Rio de Janeiro, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Fis Teor, BR-01405 Sao Paulo, Brazil. Univ Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada. Simon Fraser Univ, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. York Univ, Toronto, ON M3J 2R7, Canada. McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ, Canada. Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. Univ Los Andes, Bogota, Colombia. Charles Univ Prague, Ctr Particle Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. Czech Tech Univ, CR-16635 Prague, Czech Republic. Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Phys, Ctr Particle Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. Univ San Francisco Quito, Quito, Ecuador. Univ Clermont Ferrand, Phys Corpusculaire Lab, CNRS, IN2P3, Clermont Ferrand, France. Univ Grenoble 1, Lab Phys Subatom & Cosmol, CNRS, IN2P3, Grenoble, France. Univ Aix Marseille 2, CPPM, CNRS, IN2P3, Marseille, France. Lab Accelerateur Lineaire, CNRS, IN2P3, F-91405 Orsay, France. Univ Paris 06, LPNHE, CNRS, IN2P3, Paris, France. Univ Paris 07, LPNHE, CNRS, IN2P3, Paris, France. CEA, Serv Phys Particules, DAPNIA, Saclay, France. Univ Strasbourg, IReS, CNRS, IN2P3, Strasbourg, France. Univ Haute Alsace, Mulhouse, France. Univ Lyon 1, Inst Phys Nucl Lyon, CNRS, IN2P3, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France. Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3A, D-5100 Aachen, Germany. Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, D-5300 Bonn, Germany. Univ Freiburg, Inst Phys, Freiburg, Germany. Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-6500 Mainz, Germany. Univ Munich, Munich, Germany. Univ Wuppertal, Fachbereich Phys, Wuppertal, Germany. Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. Univ Delhi, Delhi 110007, India. Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Bombay 400005, Maharashtra, India. Univ Coll Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland. Korea Univ, Korea Detector Lab, Seoul 136701, South Korea. CINVESTAV, Mexico City 14000, DF, Mexico. FOM, Inst NIKHEF, NL-1098 SJ Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Amsterdam, NIKHEF, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Radboud Univ Nijmegen, NIKHEF, Nijmegen, Netherlands. Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Moscow, Russia. Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, St Petersburg, Russia. Lund Univ, Lund, Sweden. Royal Inst Technol, Stockholm, Sweden. Stockholm Univ, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. Uppsala Univ, Uppsala, Sweden. Univ Lancaster, Lancaster, England. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London, England. Univ Manchester, Manchester, Lancs, England. Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Calif State Univ Fresno, Fresno, CA 93740 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. No Illinois Univ, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. Louisiana Tech Univ, Ruston, LA 71272 USA. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA. Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Langston Univ, Langston, OK 73050 USA. Univ Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019 USA. Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA. Univ Texas, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. So Methodist Univ, Dallas, TX 75275 USA. Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77005 USA. Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. RI Kuleshov, Sergey/D-9940-2013; Canelli, Florencia/O-9693-2016; Bargassa, Pedrame/O-2417-2016; Juste, Aurelio/I-2531-2015; Merkin, Mikhail/D-6809-2012; De, Kaushik/N-1953-2013; Santoro, Alberto/E-7932-2014; Sznajder, Andre/L-1621-2016; Oguri, Vitor/B-5403-2013; Fisher, Wade/N-4491-2013; Sharyy, Viatcheslav/F-9057-2014; Yip, Kin/D-6860-2013; Novaes, Sergio/D-3532-2012; Telford, Paul/B-6253-2011; Gutierrez, Phillip/C-1161-2011; Leflat, Alexander/D-7284-2012; Deliot, Frederic/F-3321-2014; Nomerotski, Andrei/A-5169-2010; Alves, Gilvan/C-4007-2013; Shivpuri, R K/A-5848-2010; Dudko, Lev/D-7127-2012 OI Fatakia, Sarosh/0000-0003-0430-3191; Bertram, Iain/0000-0003-4073-4941; Madaras, Ronald/0000-0001-7399-2993; Begel, Michael/0000-0002-1634-4399; Haas, Andrew/0000-0002-4832-0455; Weber, Michele/0000-0002-2770-9031; Melnychuk, Oleksandr/0000-0002-2089-8685; Bassler, Ursula/0000-0002-9041-3057; Filthaut, Frank/0000-0003-3338-2247; Naumann, Axel/0000-0002-4725-0766; Kuleshov, Sergey/0000-0002-3065-326X; Canelli, Florencia/0000-0001-6361-2117; Sawyer, Lee/0000-0001-8295-0605; Bargassa, Pedrame/0000-0001-8612-3332; Hedin, David/0000-0001-9984-215X; Wahl, Horst/0000-0002-1345-0401; Juste, Aurelio/0000-0002-1558-3291; de Jong, Sijbrand/0000-0002-3120-3367; Landsberg, Greg/0000-0002-4184-9380; Blessing, Susan/0000-0002-4455-7279; Gershtein, Yuri/0000-0002-4871-5449; Duperrin, Arnaud/0000-0002-5789-9825; Hoeneisen, Bruce/0000-0002-6059-4256; Malik, Sudhir/0000-0002-6356-2655; Leonidopoulos, Christos/0000-0002-7241-2114; Blekman, Freya/0000-0002-7366-7098; Blazey, Gerald/0000-0002-7435-5758; Evans, Harold/0000-0003-2183-3127; Beuselinck, Raymond/0000-0003-2613-7446; Heinson, Ann/0000-0003-4209-6146; grannis, paul/0000-0003-4692-2142; Qian, Jianming/0000-0003-4813-8167; Bean, Alice/0000-0001-5967-8674; Strovink, Mark/0000-0001-7020-7769; De, Kaushik/0000-0002-5647-4489; Sznajder, Andre/0000-0001-6998-1108; Sharyy, Viatcheslav/0000-0002-7161-2616; Yip, Kin/0000-0002-8576-4311; Novaes, Sergio/0000-0003-0471-8549; Dudko, Lev/0000-0002-4462-3192 NR 24 TC 80 Z9 80 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 17 PY 2005 VL 94 IS 23 AR 232001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.232001 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 936LS UT WOS:000229858100016 PM 15904361 ER PT J AU Adler, SS Afanasiev, S Aidala, C Ajitanand, NN Akiba, Y Alexander, J Amirikas, R Aphecetche, L Aronson, SH Averbeck, R Awes, TC Azmoun, R Babintsev, V Baldisseri, A Barish, KN Barnes, PD Bassalleck, B Bathe, S Batsouli, S Baublis, V Bazilevsky, A Belikov, S Berdnikov, Y Bhagavatula, S Boissevain, JG Borel, H Borenstein, S Brooks, ML Brown, DS Bruner, N Bucher, D Buesching, H Bumazhnov, V Bunce, G Burward-Hoy, JM Butsyk, S Camard, X Chai, JS Chand, P Chang, WC Chernichenko, S Chi, CY Chiba, J Chiu, M Choi, IJ Choi, J Choudhury, RK Chujo, T Cianciolo, V Cobigo, Y Cole, BA Constantin, P d'Enterria, D David, G Delagrange, H Denisov, A Deshpande, A Desmond, EJ Devismes, A Dietzsch, O Drapier, O Drees, A du Rietz, R Durum, A Dutta, D Efremenko, YV El Chenawi, K Enokizono, A En'yo, H Esumi, S Ewell, L Fields, DE Fleuret, F Fokin, SL Fox, BD Fraenkel, Z Frantz, JE Franz, A Frawley, AD Fung, SY Garpman, S Ghosh, TK Glenn, A Gogiberidze, G Gonin, M Gosset, J Goto, Y de Cassagnac, RG Grau, N Greene, SV Perdekamp, MG Guryn, W Gustafsson, HA Hachiya, T Haggerty, JS Hamagaki, H Hansen, AG Hartouni, EP Harvey, M Hayano, R Hayashi, N He, X Heffner, M Hemmick, TK Heuser, JM Hibino, M Hill, JC Holzmann, W Homma, K Hong, B Hoover, A Ichihara, T Ikonnikov, VV Imai, K Isenhower, D Ishihara, M Issah, M Isupov, A Jacak, BV Jang, WY Jeong, Y Jia, J Jinnouchi, O Johnson, BM Johnson, SC Joo, KS Jouan, D Kametani, S Kamihara, N Kang, JH Kapoor, SS Katou, K Kelly, S Khachaturov, B Khanzadeev, A Kikuchi, J Kim, DH Kim, DJ Kim, DW Kim, E Kim, GB Kim, HJ Kistenev, E Kiyomichi, A Kiyoyama, K Klein-Boesing, C Kobayashi, H Kochenda, L Kochetkov, V Koehler, D Kohama, T Kopytine, M Kotchetkov, D Kozlov, A Kroon, PJ Kuberg, CH Kurita, K Kuroki, Y Kweon, MJ Kwon, Y Kyle, GS Lacey, R Ladygin, V Lajoie, JG Lebedev, A Leckey, S Lee, DM Lee, S Leitch, MJ Li, XH Lim, H Litvinenko, A Liu, MX Liu, Y Maguire, CF Makdisi, YI Malakhov, A Manko, VI Mao, Y Martinez, G Marx, MD Masui, H Matathias, F Matsumoto, T McGaughey, PL Melnikov, E Messer, F Miake, Y Milan, J Miller, TE Milov, A Mioduszewski, S Mischke, RE Mishra, GC Mitchell, JT Mohanty, AK Morrison, DP Moss, JM Muhlbacher, F Mukhopadhyay, D Muniruzzaman, M Murata, J Nagamiya, S Nagle, JL Nakamura, T Nandi, BK Nara, M Newby, J Nilsson, P Nyanin, AS Nystrand, J O'Brien, E Ogilvie, CA Ohnishi, H Ojha, ID Okada, K Ono, M Onuchin, V Oskarsson, A Otterlund, I Oyama, K Ozawa, K Pal, D Palounek, APT Pantuev, V Papavassiliou, V Park, J Parmar, A Pate, SF Peitzmann, T Peng, JC Peresedov, V Pinkenburg, C Pisani, RP Plasil, F Purschke, ML Purwar, AK Rak, J Ravinovich, I Read, KF Reuter, M Reygers, K Riabov, V Riabov, Y Roche, G Romana, A Rosati, M Rosnet, P Ryu, SS Sadler, ME Saito, N Sakaguchi, T Sakai, M Sakai, S Samsonov, V Sanfratello, L Santo, R Sato, HD Sato, S Sawada, S Schutz, Y Semenov, V Seto, R Shaw, MR Shea, TK Shibata, TA Shigaki, K Shiina, T Silva, CL Silvermyr, D Sim, KS Singh, CP Singh, V Sivertz, M Soldatov, A Soltz, RA Sondheim, WE Sorensen, SP Sourikova, IV Staley, F Stankus, PW Stenlund, E Stepanov, M Ster, A Stoll, SP Sugitate, T Sullivan, JP Takagui, EM Taketani, A Tamai, M Tanaka, KH Tanaka, Y Tanida, K Tannenbaum, MJ Tarjan, P Tepe, JD Thomas, TL Tojo, J Torii, H Towell, RS Tserruya, I Tsuruoka, H Tuli, SK Tydesjo, H Tyurin, N van Hecke, HW Velkovska, J Velkovsky, M Veszpremi, V Villatte, L Vinogradov, AA Volkov, MA Vznuzdaev, E Wang, XR Watanabe, Y White, SN Wohn, FK Woody, CL Xie, W Yang, Y Yanovich, A Yokkaichi, S Young, GR Yushmanov, IE Zajc, WA Zhang, C Zhou, S Zhou, SJ Zolin, L AF Adler, SS Afanasiev, S Aidala, C Ajitanand, NN Akiba, Y Alexander, J Amirikas, R Aphecetche, L Aronson, SH Averbeck, R Awes, TC Azmoun, R Babintsev, V Baldisseri, A Barish, KN Barnes, PD Bassalleck, B Bathe, S Batsouli, S Baublis, V Bazilevsky, A Belikov, S Berdnikov, Y Bhagavatula, S Boissevain, JG Borel, H Borenstein, S Brooks, ML Brown, DS Bruner, N Bucher, D Buesching, H Bumazhnov, V Bunce, G Burward-Hoy, JM Butsyk, S Camard, X Chai, JS Chand, P Chang, WC Chernichenko, S Chi, CY Chiba, J Chiu, M Choi, IJ Choi, J Choudhury, RK Chujo, T Cianciolo, V Cobigo, Y Cole, BA Constantin, P d'Enterria, D David, G Delagrange, H Denisov, A Deshpande, A Desmond, EJ Devismes, A Dietzsch, O Drapier, O Drees, A du Rietz, R Durum, A Dutta, D Efremenko, YV El Chenawi, K Enokizono, A En'yo, H Esumi, S Ewell, L Fields, DE Fleuret, F Fokin, SL Fox, BD Fraenkel, Z Frantz, JE Franz, A Frawley, AD Fung, SY Garpman, S Ghosh, TK Glenn, A Gogiberidze, G Gonin, M Gosset, J Goto, Y de Cassagnac, RG Grau, N Greene, SV Perdekamp, MG Guryn, W Gustafsson, HA Hachiya, T Haggerty, JS Hamagaki, H Hansen, AG Hartouni, EP Harvey, M Hayano, R Hayashi, N He, X Heffner, M Hemmick, TK Heuser, JM Hibino, M Hill, JC Holzmann, W Homma, K Hong, B Hoover, A Ichihara, T Ikonnikov, VV Imai, K Isenhower, D Ishihara, M Issah, M Isupov, A Jacak, BV Jang, WY Jeong, Y Jia, J Jinnouchi, O Johnson, BM Johnson, SC Joo, KS Jouan, D Kametani, S Kamihara, N Kang, JH Kapoor, SS Katou, K Kelly, S Khachaturov, B Khanzadeev, A Kikuchi, J Kim, DH Kim, DJ Kim, DW Kim, E Kim, GB Kim, HJ Kistenev, E Kiyomichi, A Kiyoyama, K Klein-Boesing, C Kobayashi, H Kochenda, L Kochetkov, V Koehler, D Kohama, T Kopytine, M Kotchetkov, D Kozlov, A Kroon, PJ Kuberg, CH Kurita, K Kuroki, Y Kweon, MJ Kwon, Y Kyle, GS Lacey, R Ladygin, V Lajoie, JG Lebedev, A Leckey, S Lee, DM Lee, S Leitch, MJ Li, XH Lim, H Litvinenko, A Liu, MX Liu, Y Maguire, CF Makdisi, YI Malakhov, A Manko, VI Mao, Y Martinez, G Marx, MD Masui, H Matathias, F Matsumoto, T McGaughey, PL Melnikov, E Messer, F Miake, Y Milan, J Miller, TE Milov, A Mioduszewski, S Mischke, RE Mishra, GC Mitchell, JT Mohanty, AK Morrison, DP Moss, JM Muhlbacher, F Mukhopadhyay, D Muniruzzaman, M Murata, J Nagamiya, S Nagle, JL Nakamura, T Nandi, BK Nara, M Newby, J Nilsson, P Nyanin, AS Nystrand, J O'Brien, E Ogilvie, CA Ohnishi, H Ojha, ID Okada, K Ono, M Onuchin, V Oskarsson, A Otterlund, I Oyama, K Ozawa, K Pal, D Palounek, APT Pantuev, V Papavassiliou, V Park, J Parmar, A Pate, SF Peitzmann, T Peng, JC Peresedov, V Pinkenburg, C Pisani, RP Plasil, F Purschke, ML Purwar, AK Rak, J Ravinovich, I Read, KF Reuter, M Reygers, K Riabov, V Riabov, Y Roche, G Romana, A Rosati, M Rosnet, P Ryu, SS Sadler, ME Saito, N Sakaguchi, T Sakai, M Sakai, S Samsonov, V Sanfratello, L Santo, R Sato, HD Sato, S Sawada, S Schutz, Y Semenov, V Seto, R Shaw, MR Shea, TK Shibata, TA Shigaki, K Shiina, T Silva, CL Silvermyr, D Sim, KS Singh, CP Singh, V Sivertz, M Soldatov, A Soltz, RA Sondheim, WE Sorensen, SP Sourikova, IV Staley, F Stankus, PW Stenlund, E Stepanov, M Ster, A Stoll, SP Sugitate, T Sullivan, JP Takagui, EM Taketani, A Tamai, M Tanaka, KH Tanaka, Y Tanida, K Tannenbaum, MJ Tarjan, P Tepe, JD Thomas, TL Tojo, J Torii, H Towell, RS Tserruya, I Tsuruoka, H Tuli, SK Tydesjo, H Tyurin, N van Hecke, HW Velkovska, J Velkovsky, M Veszpremi, V Villatte, L Vinogradov, AA Volkov, MA Vznuzdaev, E Wang, XR Watanabe, Y White, SN Wohn, FK Woody, CL Xie, W Yang, Y Yanovich, A Yokkaichi, S Young, GR Yushmanov, IE Zajc, WA Zhang, C Zhou, S Zhou, SJ Zolin, L CA PHENIX Collaboration TI Centrality dependence of direct photon production in root S-NN=200 GeVAu+Aucollisions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; LEADING ORDER AB The first measurement of direct photons in Au+Au collisions at root s(NN)=200 GeV is presented. The direct photon signal is extracted as a function of the Au+Au collision centrality and compared to next-to-leading order perturbative quantum chromodynamics calculations. The direct photon yield is shown to scale with the number of nucleon-nucleon collisions for all centralities. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Abilene Christian Univ, Abilene, TX 79699 USA. Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. Banaras Hindu Univ, Dept Phys, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India. Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Bombay 400085, Maharashtra, India. Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. China Inst Atom Energy, Beijing, Peoples R China. Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Sci, Ctr Nucl Study, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. Nevis Labs, Irvington, NY 10533 USA. CEA Saclay, Dapnia, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Debrecen Univ, H-4010 Debrecen, Hungary. Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Georgia State Univ, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. Hiroshima Univ, Higashihiroshima 7398526, Japan. Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Moscow Region, Russia. KAERI, Cyclotron Applicat Lab, Seoul, South Korea. Kangnung Natl Univ, Kangnung 210702, South Korea. High Energy Accelerator Res Org, KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. KFKI Res Inst Particle & Nucl Phys, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary. Korea Univ, Seoul 136701, South Korea. Russian Res Ctr, Kurchatov Inst, Moscow, Russia. Kyoto Univ, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. Ecole Polytech, Lab Leprince Ringuet, CNRS, IN2P3, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Clermont Ferrand, LPC, CNRS, IN2P3, F-63177 Aubiere, France. Lund Univ, Dept Phys, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden. Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany. Myongji Univ, Yongin 449728, Kyonggido, South Korea. Nagasaki Inst Appl Sci, Nagasaki 8510193, Japan. Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. New Mexico State Univ, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Paris 11, IPN Orsay, CNRS, IN2P3, F-91406 Orsay, France. Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, Gatchina, Russia. Inst Phys & Chem Res, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. St Petersburg State Tech Univ, St Petersburg, Russia. Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis, BR-05315970 Sao Paulo, Brazil. Seoul Natl Univ, Syst Elect Lab, Seoul, South Korea. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Univ Nantes, Ecole Mines Nantes, SUBATECH, CNRS,IN2P3, F-44307 Nantes, France. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. Univ Tsukuba, Inst Phys, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Waseda Univ, Adv Res Inst Sci & Engn, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1620044, Japan. Weizmann Inst Sci, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. Yonsei Univ, IPAP, Seoul 120749, South Korea. RP Adler, SS (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Semenov, Vitaliy/E-9584-2017; seto, richard/G-8467-2011; du Rietz, Rickard/I-3794-2013; En'yo, Hideto/B-2440-2015; Hayano, Ryugo/F-7889-2012; HAMAGAKI, HIDEKI/G-4899-2014; Durum, Artur/C-3027-2014; Peitzmann, Thomas/K-2206-2012; Yokkaichi, Satoshi/C-6215-2017; Taketani, Atsushi/E-1803-2017 OI du Rietz, Rickard/0000-0002-9884-9058; Hayano, Ryugo/0000-0002-1214-7806; Peitzmann, Thomas/0000-0002-7116-899X; Taketani, Atsushi/0000-0002-4776-2315 NR 19 TC 242 Z9 244 U1 7 U2 10 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 17 PY 2005 VL 94 IS 23 AR 232301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.232301 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 936LS UT WOS:000229858100018 PM 16090462 ER PT J AU Adler, SS Afanasiev, S Aidala, C Ajitanand, NN Akiba, Y Al-Jamel, A Alexander, J Amirikas, R Aoki, K Aphecetche, L Armendariz, R Aronson, SH Averbeck, R Awes, TC Azmoun, B Azmoun, R Babintsev, V Baldisseri, A Barish, KN Barnes, PD Bassalleck, B Bathe, S Batsouli, S Baublis, V Bauer, F Bazilevsky, A Belikov, S Bennett, R Berdnikov, Y Bhagavatula, S Bjorndal, MT Boissevain, JG Borel, H Borenstein, S Boyle, K Brooks, ML Brown, DS Bruner, N Bucher, D Buesching, H Bumazhnov, V Bunce, G Burward-Hoy, JM Butsyk, S Camard, X Campbell, S Chai, JS Chand, P Chang, WC Chernichenko, S Chi, CY Chiba, J Chiu, M Choi, IJ Choi, J Choudhury, RK Chujo, T Cianciolo, V Cleven, CR Cobigo, Y Cole, BA Comets, MP Constantin, P Csanad, M Csorgo, T d'Enterria, D Dahms, T Das, K David, G Delagrange, H Denisov, A Deshpande, A Desmond, EJ Devismes, A Dietzsch, O Dion, A Drachenberg, JL Drapier, O Drees, A Drees, KA Dubey, AK du Rietz, R Durum, A Dutta, D Dzhordzhadze, V Efremenko, YV Egdemir, J El Chenawi, K Enokizono, A En'yo, H Espagnon, B Esumi, S Ewell, L Fields, DE Fleuret, F Fokin, SL Forestier, B Fox, BD Fraenkel, Z Frantz, JE Franz, A Frawley, AD Fukao, Y Fung, SY Gadrat, S Garpman, S Gastineau, F Germain, M Ghosh, TK Glenn, A Gogiberidze, G Gonin, M Gosset, J Goto, Y de Cassagnac, RG Grau, N Greene, SV Perdekamp, MG Gunji, T Guryn, W Gustafsson, HA Hachiya, T Henni, AH Haggerty, JS Hagiwara, MN Hamagaki, H Hansen, AG Harada, H Hartouni, EP Haruna, K Harvey, M Haslum, E Hasuko, K Hayano, R Hayashi, N He, X Heffner, M Hemmick, TK Heuser, JM Hibino, M Hiejima, H Hill, JC Hobbs, R Holmes, M Holzmann, W Homma, K Hong, B Hoover, A Horaguchi, T Hur, HM Ichihara, T Ikonnikov, VV Imai, K Inaba, M Isenhower, D Isenhower, L Ishihara, M Isobe, T Issah, M Isupov, A Jacak, BV Jang, WY Jeong, Y Jia, J Jin, J Jinnouchi, O Johnson, BM Johnson, SC Joo, KS Jouan, D Kajihara, F Kametani, S Kamihara, N Kaneta, M Kang, JH Kapoor, SS Katou, K Kawagishi, T Kazantsev, AV Kelly, S Khachaturov, B Khanzadeev, A Kikuchi, J Kim, DH Kim, DJ Kim, DW Kim, E Kim, GB Kim, HJ Kim, YS Kinney, E Kinnison, WW Kiss, A Kistenev, E Kiyomichi, A Kiyoyama, K Klein-Boesing, C Kobayashi, H Kochenda, L Kochetkov, V Koehler, D Kohama, T Komkov, B Konno, M Kopytine, M Kotchetkov, D Kozlov, A Kroon, PJ Kuberg, CH Kunde, GJ Kurihara, N Kurita, K Kuroki, Y Kweon, MJ Kwon, Y Kyle, GS Lacey, R Ladygin, V Lajoie, JG Le Bornec, Y Lebedev, A Leckey, S Lee, DM Lee, MK Lee, S Leitch, MJ Leite, MAL Li, XH Lim, H Litvinenko, A Liu, MX Liu, Y Maguire, CF Makdisi, YI Malakhov, A Malik, MD Manko, VI Mao, Y Martinez, G Marx, MD Masui, H Matathias, F Matsumoto, T McCain, MC McGaughey, PL Melnikov, E Messer, F Miake, Y Milan, J Miller, TE Milov, A Mioduszewski, S Mischke, RE Mishra, GC Mitchell, JT Mohanty, AK Morrison, DP Moss, JM Moukhanova, TV Muhlbacher, F Mukhopadhyay, D Muniruzzaman, M Murata, J Nagamiya, S Nagata, Y Nagle, JL Naglis, M Nakamura, T Nandi, BK Nara, M Newby, J Nguyen, M Nilsson, P Norman, B Nyanin, AS Nystrand, J O'Brien, E Ogilvie, CA Ohnishi, H Ojha, ID Okada, H Okada, K Omiwade, OO Ono, M Onuchin, V Oskarsson, A Otterlund, I Oyama, K Ozawa, K Pal, D Palounek, APT Pantuev, V Papavassiliou, V Park, J Park, WJ Parmar, A Pate, SF Pei, H Peitzmann, T Peng, JC Pereira, H Peresedov, V Peressounko, DY Pinkenburg, C Pisani, RP Plasil, F Purschke, ML Purwar, AK Qu, H Rak, J Ravinovich, I Read, KF Reuter, M Reygers, K Riabov, V Riabov, Y Roche, G Romana, A Rosati, M Rosendahl, SSE Rosnet, P Rukoyatkin, P Rykov, VL Ryu, SS Sadler, ME Sahlmueller, B Saito, N Sakaguchi, T Sakai, M Sakai, S Samsonov, V Sanfratello, L Santo, R Sato, HD Sato, S Sawada, S Schutz, Y Semenov, V Seto, R Sharma, D Shaw, MR Shea, TK Shein, I Shibata, TA Shigaki, K Shiina, T Shimomura, M Shohjoh, T Shoji, K Sickles, A Silva, CL Silvermyr, D Sim, KS Simon-Gillo, J Singh, CP Singh, V Sivertz, M Skutnik, S Smith, WC Soldatov, A Soltz, RA Sondheim, WE Sorensen, SP Sourikova, IV Staley, F Stankus, PW Stenlund, E Stepanov, M Ster, A Stoll, SP Sugitate, T Suire, C Sullivan, JP Sziklai, J Tabaru, T Takagi, S Takagui, EM Taketani, A Tamai, M Tanaka, KH Tanaka, Y Tanida, K Tannenbaum, MJ Taranenko, A Tarjan, P Tepe, JD Thomas, TL Togawa, M Tojo, J Torii, H Towell, RS Tram, VN Tserruya, I Tsuchimoto, Y Tsuruoka, H Tuli, SK Tydesjo, H Tyurin, N Valle, H van Hecke, HW Velkovska, J Velkovsky, M Vertesi, R Veszpremi, V Villatte, L Vinogradov, AA Volkov, MA Vznuzdaev, E Wagner, M Wang, XR Watanabe, Y Wessels, J White, SN Willis, N Winter, D Wohn, FK Woody, CL Wysocki, M Xie, W Yang, Y Yanovich, A Yokkaichi, S Young, GR Younus, I Yushmanov, IE Zajc, WA Zaudkte, O Zhang, C Zhou, S Zhou, SJ Zimanyi, J Zolin, L AF Adler, SS Afanasiev, S Aidala, C Ajitanand, NN Akiba, Y Al-Jamel, A Alexander, J Amirikas, R Aoki, K Aphecetche, L Armendariz, R Aronson, SH Averbeck, R Awes, TC Azmoun, B Azmoun, R Babintsev, V Baldisseri, A Barish, KN Barnes, PD Bassalleck, B Bathe, S Batsouli, S Baublis, V Bauer, F Bazilevsky, A Belikov, S Bennett, R Berdnikov, Y Bhagavatula, S Bjorndal, MT Boissevain, JG Borel, H Borenstein, S Boyle, K Brooks, ML Brown, DS Bruner, N Bucher, D Buesching, H Bumazhnov, V Bunce, G Burward-Hoy, JM Butsyk, S Camard, X Campbell, S Chai, JS Chand, P Chang, WC Chernichenko, S Chi, CY Chiba, J Chiu, M Choi, IJ Choi, J Choudhury, RK Chujo, T Cianciolo, V Cleven, CR Cobigo, Y Cole, BA Comets, MP Constantin, P Csanad, M Csorgo, T d'Enterria, D Dahms, T Das, K David, G Delagrange, H Denisov, A Deshpande, A Desmond, EJ Devismes, A Dietzsch, O Dion, A Drachenberg, JL Drapier, O Drees, A Drees, KA Dubey, AK du Rietz, R Durum, A Dutta, D Dzhordzhadze, V Efremenko, YV Egdemir, J El Chenawi, K Enokizono, A En'yo, H Espagnon, B Esumi, S Ewell, L Fields, DE Fleuret, F Fokin, SL Forestier, B Fox, BD Fraenkel, Z Frantz, JE Franz, A Frawley, AD Fukao, Y Fung, SY Gadrat, S Garpman, S Gastineau, F Germain, M Ghosh, TK Glenn, A Gogiberidze, G Gonin, M Gosset, J Goto, Y de Cassagnac, RG Grau, N Greene, SV Perdekamp, MG Gunji, T Guryn, W Gustafsson, HA Hachiya, T Henni, AH Haggerty, JS Hagiwara, MN Hamagaki, H Hansen, AG Harada, H Hartouni, EP Haruna, K Harvey, M Haslum, E Hasuko, K Hayano, R Hayashi, N He, X Heffner, M Hemmick, TK Heuser, JM Hibino, M Hiejima, H Hill, JC Hobbs, R Holmes, M Holzmann, W Homma, K Hong, B Hoover, A Horaguchi, T Hur, HM Ichihara, T Ikonnikov, VV Imai, K Inaba, M Isenhower, D Isenhower, L Ishihara, M Isobe, T Issah, M Isupov, A Jacak, BV Jang, WY Jeong, Y Jia, J Jin, J Jinnouchi, O Johnson, BM Johnson, SC Joo, KS Jouan, D Kajihara, F Kametani, S Kamihara, N Kaneta, M Kang, JH Kapoor, SS Katou, K Kawagishi, T Kazantsev, AV Kelly, S Khachaturov, B Khanzadeev, A Kikuchi, J Kim, DH Kim, DJ Kim, DW Kim, E Kim, GB Kim, HJ Kim, YS Kinney, E Kinnison, WW Kiss, A Kistenev, E Kiyomichi, A Kiyoyama, K Klein-Boesing, C Kobayashi, H Kochenda, L Kochetkov, V Koehler, D Kohama, T Komkov, B Konno, M Kopytine, M Kotchetkov, D Kozlov, A Kroon, PJ Kuberg, CH Kunde, GJ Kurihara, N Kurita, K Kuroki, Y Kweon, MJ Kwon, Y Kyle, GS Lacey, R Ladygin, V Lajoie, JG Le Bornec, Y Lebedev, A Leckey, S Lee, DM Lee, MK Lee, S Leitch, MJ Leite, MAL Li, XH Lim, H Litvinenko, A Liu, MX Liu, Y Maguire, CF Makdisi, YI Malakhov, A Malik, MD Manko, VI Mao, Y Martinez, G Marx, MD Masui, H Matathias, F Matsumoto, T McCain, MC McGaughey, PL Melnikov, E Messer, F Miake, Y Milan, J Miller, TE Milov, A Mioduszewski, S Mischke, RE Mishra, GC Mitchell, JT Mohanty, AK Morrison, DP Moss, JM Moukhanova, TV Muhlbacher, F Mukhopadhyay, D Muniruzzaman, M Murata, J Nagamiya, S Nagata, Y Nagle, JL Naglis, M Nakamura, T Nandi, BK Nara, M Newby, J Nguyen, M Nilsson, P Norman, B Nyanin, AS Nystrand, J O'Brien, E Ogilvie, CA Ohnishi, H Ojha, ID Okada, H Okada, K Omiwade, OO Ono, M Onuchin, V Oskarsson, A Otterlund, I Oyama, K Ozawa, K Pal, D Palounek, APT Pantuev, V Papavassiliou, V Park, J Park, WJ Parmar, A Pate, SF Pei, H Peitzmann, T Peng, JC Pereira, H Peresedov, V Peressounko, DY Pinkenburg, C Pisani, RP Plasil, F Purschke, ML Purwar, AK Qu, H Rak, J Ravinovich, I Read, KF Reuter, M Reygers, K Riabov, V Riabov, Y Roche, G Romana, A Rosati, M Rosendahl, SSE Rosnet, P Rukoyatkin, P Rykov, VL Ryu, SS Sadler, ME Sahlmueller, B Saito, N Sakaguchi, T Sakai, M Sakai, S Samsonov, V Sanfratello, L Santo, R Sato, HD Sato, S Sawada, S Schutz, Y Semenov, V Seto, R Sharma, D Shaw, MR Shea, TK Shein, I Shibata, TA Shigaki, K Shiina, T Shimomura, M Shohjoh, T Shoji, K Sickles, A Silva, CL Silvermyr, D Sim, KS Simon-Gillo, J Singh, CP Singh, V Sivertz, M Skutnik, S Smith, WC Soldatov, A Soltz, RA Sondheim, WE Sorensen, SP Sourikova, IV Staley, F Stankus, PW Stenlund, E Stepanov, M Ster, A Stoll, SP Sugitate, T Suire, C Sullivan, JP Sziklai, J Tabaru, T Takagi, S Takagui, EM Taketani, A Tamai, M Tanaka, KH Tanaka, Y Tanida, K Tannenbaum, MJ Taranenko, A Tarjan, P Tepe, JD Thomas, TL Togawa, M Tojo, J Torii, H Towell, RS Tram, VN Tserruya, I Tsuchimoto, Y Tsuruoka, H Tuli, SK Tydesjo, H Tyurin, N Valle, H van Hecke, HW Velkovska, J Velkovsky, M Vertesi, R Veszpremi, V Villatte, L Vinogradov, AA Volkov, MA Vznuzdaev, E Wagner, M Wang, XR Watanabe, Y Wessels, J White, SN Willis, N Winter, D Wohn, FK Woody, CL Wysocki, M Xie, W Yang, Y Yanovich, A Yokkaichi, S Young, GR Younus, I Yushmanov, IE Zajc, WA Zaudkte, O Zhang, C Zhou, S Zhou, SJ Zimanyi, J Zolin, L CA PHENIX Collaboration TI Saturation of azimuthal anisotropy in Au plus Au collisions at root S-NN=62-200 GeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; ELLIPTIC FLOW; PHENIX; ENERGY; MATTER AB New measurements are presented for charged hadron azimuthal correlations at midrapidity in Au+Au collisions at root s(NN)=62.4 and 200 GeV. They are compared to earlier measurements obtained at root s(NN)=130 GeV and in Pb+Pb collisions at root s(NN)=17.2 GeV. Sizeable anisotropies are observed with centrality and transverse momentum (p(T)) dependence characteristic of elliptic flow (v(2)). For a broad range of centralities, the observed magnitudes and trends of the differential anisotropy, v(2)(p(T)), change very little over the collision energy range root s(NN)=62-200 GeV, indicating saturation of the excitation function for v(2) at these energies. Such a saturation may be indicative of the dominance of a very soft equation of state for root s(NN)similar to 60-200 GeV. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Abilene Christian Univ, Abilene, TX 79699 USA. Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. Banaras Hindu Univ, Dept Phys, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India. Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Bombay 400085, Maharashtra, India. Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. China Inst Atom Energy, Beijing, Peoples R China. Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Sci, Ctr Nucl Study, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. Nevis Labs, Irvington, NY 10533 USA. CEA Saclay, Dapnia, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Debrecen Univ, H-4010 Debrecen, Hungary. Eotvos Lorand Univ, ELTE, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary. Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Georgia State Univ, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. Hiroshima Univ, Higashihiroshima 7398526, Japan. Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Moscow Region, Russia. KAERI, Cyclotron Applicat Lab, Seoul, South Korea. Kangnung Natl Univ, Kangnung 210702, South Korea. High Energy Accelerator Res Org, KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. KFKI Res Inst Particle & Nucl Phys, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary. Korea Univ, Seoul 136701, South Korea. Russian Res Ctr, Kurchatov Inst, Moscow, Russia. Kyoto Univ, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. Ecole Polytech, Lab Leprince Ringuet, CNRS, IN2P3, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Clermont Ferrand, LPC, CNRS, IN2P3, F-63177 Aubiere, France. Lund Univ, Dept Phys, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden. Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany. Myongji Univ, Yongin 449728, Kyonggido, South Korea. Nagasaki Inst Appl Sci, Nagasaki 8510193, Japan. Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. New Mexico State Univ, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Paris 11, IPN Orsay, CNRS, IN2P3, F-91406 Orsay, France. Peking Univ, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, Gatchina, Russia. Inst Phys & Chem Res, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Rikkyo Univ, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1718501, Japan. St Petersburg State Tech Univ, St Petersburg, Russia. Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis, BR-05315970 Sao Paulo, Brazil. Seoul Natl Univ, Syst Elect Lab, Seoul, South Korea. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Univ Nantes, Ecole Mines Nantes, SUBATECH, CNRS,IN2P3, F-44307 Nantes, France. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. Univ Tsukuba, Inst Phys, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Waseda Univ, Adv Res Inst Sci & Engn, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1620044, Japan. Weizmann Inst Sci, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. Yonsei Univ, IPAP, Seoul 120749, South Korea. RP Adler, SS (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Csanad, Mate/D-5960-2012; Csorgo, Tamas/I-4183-2012; du Rietz, Rickard/I-3794-2013; En'yo, Hideto/B-2440-2015; Hayano, Ryugo/F-7889-2012; HAMAGAKI, HIDEKI/G-4899-2014; Durum, Artur/C-3027-2014; Yokkaichi, Satoshi/C-6215-2017; Taketani, Atsushi/E-1803-2017; Semenov, Vitaliy/E-9584-2017 OI du Rietz, Rickard/0000-0002-9884-9058; Hayano, Ryugo/0000-0002-1214-7806; Taketani, Atsushi/0000-0002-4776-2315; NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 8 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 17 PY 2005 VL 94 IS 23 AR 232302 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.232302 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 936LS UT WOS:000229858100019 ER PT J AU Cartoixa, X Wang, LW AF Cartoixa, X Wang, LW TI Microscopic dielectric response functions in semiconductor quantum dots SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SILICON; CONSTANT AB We calculate and model the microscopic dielectric response function for quantum dots using first principle methods. We find that the response is bulklike inside the quantum dots, and the reduction of the macroscopic dielectric constants is a surface effect. We present a model for the microscopic dielectric function which reproduces well the directly calculated results and can be used to solve the Poisson equation in a nanosystem. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Computat Res Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Cartoixa, X (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Computat Res Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 15 TC 50 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 17 PY 2005 VL 94 IS 23 AR 236804 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.236804 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 936LS UT WOS:000229858100051 PM 16090495 ER PT J AU Crooker, SA Smith, DL AF Crooker, SA Smith, DL TI Imaging spin flows in semiconductors subject to electric, magnetic, and strain fields SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SPINTRONICS; TRANSISTOR; BAND AB Using scanning Kerr microscopy, we directly acquire two-dimensional images of spin-polarized electrons flowing laterally in bulk epilayers of nGaAs. Optical injection provides a local dc source of polarized electrons, whose subsequent drift and/or diffusion is controlled with electric, magnetic, and-in particular-strain fields. Spin precession induced by controlled uniaxial stress along the < 110 > axes demonstrates the direct k-linear spin-orbit coupling of electron spin to the shear (off diagonal) components of the strain tensor, epsilon(xy). C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Crooker, SA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 17 TC 133 Z9 133 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 17 PY 2005 VL 94 IS 23 AR 236601 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.236601 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 936LS UT WOS:000229858100045 PM 16090489 ER PT J AU Dobaczewski, J Engel, J AF Dobaczewski, J Engel, J TI Nuclear time-reversal violation and the schiff moment of Ra-225 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID P-ODD; T-ODD AB We present a comprehensive mean-field calculation of the Schiff moment of the nucleus Ra-225, the quantity that determines the static electric-dipole moment of the corresponding atom if time-reversal (T) invariance is violated in the nucleus. The calculation breaks all possible intrinsic symmetries of the nuclear mean field and includes, in particular, both exchange and direct terms from the full finite-range T-violating nucleon-nucleon interaction, and the effects of short-range correlations. The resulting Schiff moment, which depends on three unknown T-violating pion-nucleon coupling constants, is much larger than in Hg-199, the isotope with the best current experimental limit on its atomic electric-dipole moment. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Joint Inst Heavy Ion Res, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Warsaw, Inst Theoret Phys, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. Univ N Carolina, Dept Phys & Astron, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RP Dobaczewski, J (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM Jacek.Dobaczewski@fuw.edu.pl; engelj@physics.unc.edu NR 22 TC 56 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 17 PY 2005 VL 94 IS 23 AR 232502 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.232502 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 936LS UT WOS:000229858100021 PM 16090465 ER PT J AU Kolesnikov, RA Krommes, JA AF Kolesnikov, RA Krommes, JA TI Transition to collisionless ion-temperature-gradient-driven plasma turbulence: A dynamical systems approach SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ZONAL FLOWS; TRANSPORT; SIMULATIONS; MODEL AB The transition to collisionless ion-temperature-gradient-driven plasma turbulence is considered by applying dynamical systems theory to a model with 10 degrees of freedom. The study of a four-dimensional center manifold predicts a "Dimits shift" of the threshold for turbulence due to the excitation of zonal flows and establishes (for the model) the exact value of that shift. C1 Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Kolesnikov, RA (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 23 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 17 PY 2005 VL 94 IS 23 AR 235002 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.235002 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 936LS UT WOS:000229858100033 PM 16090477 ER PT J AU Miller, CE Majewski, J Gog, T Kuhl, TL AF Miller, CE Majewski, J Gog, T Kuhl, TL TI Characterization of biological thin films at the solid-liquid interface by X-ray reflectivity SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SENSITIVE NEUTRON REFLECTOMETRY; ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; LIPID-BILAYERS; MEMBRANE-STRUCTURE; MODEL MEMBRANES; STANDING WAVES; IN-SITU; MONOLAYERS; DIFFUSION; BEHAVIOR AB We demonstrate that 18 keV x rays can be used to study organic thin films at the solid-liquid interface by x-ray reflectivity. We establish that this is a powerful technique for investigating biological systems in a previously inaccessible manner. Our measurements enabled the density distribution of single phospholipid bilayer membranes in bulk water to be measured with unprecedented precision. Previously, characterization of biomimetic structures normal to a "buried" interface was a domain of neutron reflectivity. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Biophys Grad Grp, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Manuel Lujan Jr Neutron Scattering Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Miller, CE (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Biophys Grad Grp, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RI Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012 NR 33 TC 69 Z9 70 U1 1 U2 31 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 17 PY 2005 VL 94 IS 23 AR 238104 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.238104 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 936LS UT WOS:000229858100063 PM 16090507 ER PT J AU Sagi, E Ofer, O Keren, A Gardner, JS AF Sagi, E Ofer, O Keren, A Gardner, JS TI Quest for frustration driven distortion in Y2Mo2O7 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PHASE-TRANSITION; SYSTEM AB We investigated the nature of the freezing in the geometrically frustrated Heisenberg spin glass Y2Mo2O7 by measuring the temperature dependence of the static internal magnetic field distribution above the spin-glass temperature, T-g, using the muon spin relaxation technique. The evolution of the field distribution cannot be explained by changes in the spin susceptibility alone and suggests a lattice deformation. This possibility is addressed by numerical simulations of the Heisenberg Hamiltonian with magnetoelastic coupling at T > 0. C1 Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Phys, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. RP Sagi, E (reprint author), Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Phys, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. RI Gardner, Jason/A-1532-2013 NR 17 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 17 PY 2005 VL 94 IS 23 AR 237202 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.237202 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 936LS UT WOS:000229858100055 PM 16090499 ER PT J AU Kilambi, H Beckel, ER Berchtold, KA Stansbury, JW Bowman, CN AF Kilambi, H Beckel, ER Berchtold, KA Stansbury, JW Bowman, CN TI Influence of molecular dipole on monoacrylate monomer reactivity SO POLYMER LA English DT Article DE acrylate; dipole moment; polymerization kinetics ID LIGHT-INDUCED POLYMERIZATION; ACRYLIC-MONOMERS; MULTIFUNCTIONAL MONOMERS; PHOTOPOLYMERIZATION; CARBAMATE; ACRYLATES AB Numerous acrylate monomers have been synthesized and evaluated extensively as a means to explore the relationship between molecular polarity and monomer reactivity. Various monomers, characterized by high values of dipole moment, were polymerized in bulk, and no correlation of dipole moment to monomer reactivity was established. Solution polymerization studies were performed on phenyl carbamate ethyl acrylate and several substituted derivatives to observe the effects of changing solvent polarity on the polymerization kinetics. The results of solution polymerization studies indicated that traditional dilution effects, which suppress the polymerization kinetics, dominate the reactions. Changes in solvent polarity had minimal impact on the polymerization kinetics. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Restorat Dent, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. RP Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. EM christopher.bowman@colorado.edu RI Bowman, Christopher/B-1490-2008 OI Bowman, Christopher/0000-0001-8458-7723 NR 26 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0032-3861 EI 1873-2291 J9 POLYMER JI Polymer PD JUN 17 PY 2005 VL 46 IS 13 BP 4735 EP 4742 DI 10.1016/j.polymer.2005.04.006 PG 8 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 933XW UT WOS:000229667200025 ER PT J AU Fornasiero, F Ung, M Radke, CJ Prausnitz, JM AF Fornasiero, F Ung, M Radke, CJ Prausnitz, JM TI Glass-transition temperatures for soft-contact-lens materials. Dependence on water content SO POLYMER LA English DT Article DE soft contact lenses; modulated differential scanning calorimetry; glass transition ID DIFFERENTIAL SCANNING CALORIMETRY; SURFACE MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; WHEAT GLUTEN; TEAR-FILM; COPOLYMERS; BEHAVIOR; DSC; HUMIDITY; POLYMERS; VAPOR AB Glass-transition temperatures for three soft-contact-lens (SCL) materials are measured by modulated differential scanning calorimetry as a function of SCL hydration, as determined by thermogravimetric analysis. The SCL materials are: a conventional hydrogel (SofLens((R)) 38, polymacon) with a low water content at saturation; a conventional hydrogel (SofLens((R)) One Day, hilafilcon A) with a high water content at saturation; and a siloxane-hydrogel (PureVision (TM), balafilcon A). Polymacon, hilafilcon A, and balafilcon A turn glassy at 35 degrees C when their water contents drop below 10.4, 13.5, and 6 wt%, respectively. These water contents correspond to the equilibrium water uptake at 35 degrees C for polymacon, hilafilcon A, and balafilcon A at relative humidities, RH, of 74, 64, and 57%, respectively. Our results suggest that the outer surface of a soft contact lens worn on the eye may develop a glassy skin when exposed to air at low relative humidity. This glassy skin may alter fluid transport through the soft contact lens, and influence SCL-wear comfort. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Prausnitz, JM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM f_fornasiero@berkeley.edu; mtu@uclink.berkeley.edu; radke@berkeley.edu; prausnit@cchem.berkeley.edu RI Fornasiero, Francesco/I-3802-2012 NR 38 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0032-3861 J9 POLYMER JI Polymer PD JUN 17 PY 2005 VL 46 IS 13 BP 4845 EP 4852 DI 10.1016/j.polymer.2005.03.084 PG 8 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 933XW UT WOS:000229667200035 ER PT J AU Cooper, PK Nouspikel, T Clarkson, SG AF Cooper, PK Nouspikel, T Clarkson, SG TI Defective transcription coupled repair of oxidative base damage in Cockayne syndrome patients from XP group G (Retraction of vol 275, pg 990, 1997) SO SCIENCE LA English DT Correction C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Univ Geneva, Med Ctr, Dept Genet & Microbiol, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. RP Cooper, PK (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Bldg 934, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 1 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JUN 17 PY 2005 VL 308 IS 5729 BP 1740 EP 1740 PG 1 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 937LY UT WOS:000229926800018 PM 15961651 ER PT J AU Mayeda, K Malagnini, L Phillips, WS Walter, WR Dreger, D AF Mayeda, K Malagnini, L Phillips, WS Walter, WR Dreger, D TI 2-D or not 2-D, that is the question: A northern California test SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SOURCE SPECTRA; CODA; ATTENUATION; MOMENT; EARTHQUAKES; MAGNITUDES; ENERGY; WAVES AB Reliable estimates of the seismic source spectrum are necessary for accurate magnitude and energy estimation. In particular, how seismic radiated energy scales with increasing earthquake size has been the focus of recent debate within the community and has direct implications on earthquake source physics studies as well as hazard mitigation. The 1-D coda methodology of Mayeda et al. [ 2003] has provided the lowest variance estimate of the source spectrum when compared against traditional approaches that use direct S-waves, thus making it ideal for networks that have sparse station distribution. The 1-D coda methodology has been mostly confined to regions of approximately uniform complexity. For larger, more geophysically complicated regions, 2-D path corrections may be required. The complicated tectonics of the northern California region coupled with high quality broadband seismic data provides for an ideal "apples-to-apples" test of 1-D and 2-D path assumptions on direct waves and their coda. Using the same station and event distribution, we compared 1-D and 2-D path corrections and observed the following results: (1) 1-D coda results reduced the amplitude variance relative to direct S-waves by roughly a factor of 8 (800%); (2) Applying a 2-D correction to the coda resulted in up to 40% variance reduction from the 1-D coda results; (3) 2-D direct S-wave results, though better than 1-D direct waves, were significantly worse than the 1-D coda. We found that coda-based moment-rate source spectra derived from the 2-D approach were essentially identical to those from the 1-D approach for frequencies less than similar to 0.7-Hz, however for the high frequencies (0.7 <= f <= 8.0-Hz), the 2-D approach resulted in inter-station scatter that was generally 10-30% smaller. For complex regions where data are plentiful, a 2-D approach can significantly improve upon the simple 1-D assumption. In regions where only 1-D coda correction is available it is still preferable over 2-D direct wave-based measures. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. Ist Nazl Geofis & Vulcanol, I-00143 Rome, Italy. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Seismol Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Mayeda, K (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. EM kmayeda@llnl.gov RI Walter, William/C-2351-2013 OI Walter, William/0000-0002-0331-0616 NR 14 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JUN 16 PY 2005 VL 32 IS 12 AR L12301 DI 10.1029/2005GL022882 PG 5 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 938FW UT WOS:000229986300004 ER PT J AU Hawke, BR Gillis, JJ Giguere, TA Blewett, DT Lawrence, DJ Lucey, PG Smith, GA Spudis, PD Taylor, GJ AF Hawke, BR Gillis, JJ Giguere, TA Blewett, DT Lawrence, DJ Lucey, PG Smith, GA Spudis, PD Taylor, GJ TI Remote sensing and geologic studies of the Balmer-Kapteyn region of the Moon SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS LA English DT Article ID LUNAR-SURFACE; MARE BASALTS; BASIN DEPOSITS; CLEMENTINE; VOLCANISM; ORIGIN; CRATER; IRON; FEO; GEOCHEMISTRY AB The Balmer-Kapteyn ( B-K) region is located just east of Mare Fecunditatis on the east limb of the Moon. It is centered on the Balmer-Kapteyn basin, a pre-Nectarian impact structure that exhibits two rings, approximately 225 km and 450 km in diameter. Clementine multispectral images and Lunar Prospector ( LP) gamma-ray spectrometer ( GRS) data were used to investigate the composition, age, and origin of geologic units in the region. A major expanse of cryptomare was mapped within the B-K basin. Spectral and chemical data obtained for dark-haloed craters ( DHCs) established that these impact craters excavated mare basalt from beneath higher-albedo, highland-rich surface units. The buried basalts exposed by DHCs in the region are dominated by low-titanium mare basalts. The fresh DHC FeO values ( 15.0-15.7 wt.%) that best represent those of buried mare basalts are well within the range of values exhibited by high-alumina mare basalts. While most cryptomare deposits occur beneath surfaces that range in age from Imbrian to Nectarian, it is possible that some mare flows were emplaced during pre-Nectarian time. Most cryptomare deposits in the B-K region were formed by the contamination of mare surfaces by highland-rich distal ejecta from surrounding impact craters. These Balmer- type cryptomare deposits are usually associated with light plains units. Major LP-GRS FeO enhancements are associated with cryptomaria in the Balmer-Kapteyn, Lomonosov-Fleming, Schiller-Schickard, and Mendel-Rydberg regions. C1 Univ Hawaii, Hawaii Inst Geophys & Planetol, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Interg Corp, Honolulu, HI USA. NovaSol, Honolulu, HI 96843 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20743 USA. RP Hawke, BR (reprint author), Univ Hawaii, Hawaii Inst Geophys & Planetol, 2525 Correa Rd,Post 504, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. EM hawke@higp.hawaii.edu RI Blewett, David/I-4904-2012; Lawrence, David/E-7463-2015 OI Blewett, David/0000-0002-9241-6358; Lawrence, David/0000-0002-7696-6667 NR 78 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-PLANET JI J. Geophys. Res.-Planets PD JUN 16 PY 2005 VL 110 IS E6 AR E06004 DI 10.1029/2004JE002383 PG 16 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 938IF UT WOS:000229992400002 ER PT J AU Minofar, B Vrbka, L Mucha, M Jungwirth, P Yang, X Wang, XB Fu, YJ Wang, LS AF Minofar, B Vrbka, L Mucha, M Jungwirth, P Yang, X Wang, XB Fu, YJ Wang, LS TI Interior and interfacial aqueous solvation of benzene dicarboxylate dianions and their methylated analogues: A combined molecular dynamics and photoelectron spectroscopy study SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID MULTIPLY-CHARGED ANIONS; PHTHALATE-ESTERS; PHOTODETACHMENT; ATMOSPHERE; CLUSTERS; SULFATE; WATER; ACIDS; BULK; IONS AB Aqueous solvation of benzene dicarboxylate dianions (BCD2-) was studied by means of photoelectron spectroscopy and molecular dynamics simulations. Photoelectron spectra of hydrated o- and p-BCD2- with up to 25 water molecules were obtained. An even-odd effect was observed for the p-BCD2- system as a result of the alternate solvation of the two negative charges. However, the high polarizability of the benzene ring makes the two carboxylate groups interact with each other in p-BCD2-, suppressing the strength of this even-odd effect compared with the linear dicarboxylate dianions linked by an aliphatic chain. No even-odd effect was observed for the o-BCD2- system, because each solvent molecule can interact with the two carboxylate groups at the same time due to their proximity. For large solvated clusters, the spectral features of the solute decreased while the solvent features became dominant, suggesting that both o- and p-BCD2- are situated in the center of the solvated clusters. Molecular dynamics simulations with both nonpolarizable and polarizable force fields confirmed that all three isomers (o-, m-, and p-BCD2-) solvate in the aqueous bulk. However, upon methylation the hydrophobic forces overwhelm electrostatic interactions and, as a result, the calculations predict that the tetramethyl-o-BCD2- is located at the water surface with the carboxylate groups anchored in the liquid and the methylated benzene ring tilted away from the aqueous phase. C1 Acad Sci Czech Republ, Inst Organ Chem & Biochem, CR-16610 Prague, Czech Republic. Acad Sci Czech Republ, Ctr Biomol & Complex Mol Syst, CR-16610 Prague, Czech Republic. Washington State Univ, Dept Phys, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, WR Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Jungwirth, P (reprint author), Acad Sci Czech Republ, Inst Organ Chem & Biochem, Flemingovo Nam 2, CR-16610 Prague, Czech Republic. EM pavel.jungwirth@uochb.cas.cz; ls.wang@pnl.gov RI Minofar, Babak/I-4326-2012; Jungwirth, Pavel/D-9290-2011; Minofar, Babak/D-7361-2016 OI Jungwirth, Pavel/0000-0002-6892-3288; NR 27 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD JUN 16 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 23 BP 5042 EP 5049 DI 10.1021/jp050836u PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 935AQ UT WOS:000229751600010 PM 16833856 ER PT J AU Dixon, DA Gutowski, M AF Dixon, DA Gutowski, M TI Thermodynamic properties of molecular borane amines and the [BH4-][NH4+] salt for chemical hydrogen storage systems from ab initio electronic structure theory SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID DIATOMIC DISSOCIATION-ENERGIES; BASIS-SET CONVERGENCE; GAUSSIAN-BASIS SETS; MICROWAVE-SPECTRUM; WAVE-FUNCTIONS; PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; CORRELATED CALCULATIONS; ATOMIZATION ENERGIES; TRIPLE EXCITATIONS; HEATS AB The heats of formation for the borane amines BH3NH3, BH2NH2, and HBNH, tetrahedral BH4-, and the BN molecule have been calculated by using ab initio molecular orbital theory. Coupled cluster calculations with single and double excitations and perturbative triples (CCSD(T)) were employed for the total valence electronic energies. Correlation consistent basis sets were used, up through the augmented quadruple-zeta, to extrapolate to the complete basis set limit. Core/valence, scalar relativistic, and spin-orbit corrections were included in an additive fashion to predict the atomization energies. Geometries were calculated at the CCSD(T) level up through at least aug-cc-pVTZ and frequencies were calculated at the CCSD(T)/aug-cc-pVDZ level. The heats of formation (in kcal/mol) at 0 K in the gas phase are Delta H-f(BH3NH3) = -9.1, Delta H-f(BH2NH2) = -15.9, Delta Hf(BHNH) = 13.6, Delta H-f(BN) = 146.4, and Delta H-f (BH4-) = -11.6. The reported experimental value for Delta H-f(BN) is clearly in error. The beat of formation of the salt [BH4-][NH4+](s) has been estimated by using an empirical expression for the lattice energy and the calculated heats of formation of the two component ions. The calculations show that both BH3NH3(g) and [BH4-][NH4+](S) can serve as good hydrogen storage systems which release H-2 in a slightly exothermic process. The hydride affinity of BH3 is calculated to be 72.2 kcal/ mol, in excellent agreement with the experimental value at 298 K of 74.2 +/- 2.8 kcal/mol. C1 Univ Alabama, Dept Chem, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Dixon, DA (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Chem, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. NR 91 TC 148 Z9 149 U1 5 U2 21 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD JUN 16 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 23 BP 5129 EP 5135 DI 10.1021/jp0445627 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 935AQ UT WOS:000229751600021 PM 16833867 ER PT J AU Yu, HG Muckerman, JT Francisco, JS AF Yu, HG Muckerman, JT Francisco, JS TI Direct ab initio dynamics study of the OH plus HOCO reaction SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID TRANS-HOCO; TRAJECTORY CALCULATIONS; PRESSURE-DEPENDENCE; CORRELATION-ENERGY; RATE CONSTANTS; WAVE-FUNCTIONS; BASIS-SETS; CO; RADICALS; SPECTRUM AB The reaction between OH and HOCO has been examined using the coupled-cluster method to locate and optimize the critical points on the ground-state potential energy surface. The energetics are refined using the coupled-cluster method with basis set extrapolation to the complete basis set (CBS) limit. Results show that the OH + HOCO reaction produces H2O + CO2 as final products and the reaction passes through an HOC(O)OH intermediate. In addition, the CH + HOCO reaction has been studied using a direct dynamics method with a dual-level ab initio theory. Dynamics calculations show that hydrogen bonding plays an important role during the initial stages of the reaction. The thermal rate constant is estimated over the temperature range 250-800 K. The OH + HOCO reaction is found to be nearly temperature-independent at lower temperatures, and at 300 K, the thermal rate constant is predicted to be 1.03 x 10(-11) cm(3) molecule(-1) s(-1). In addition, there may be an indication of a small peak in the rate constant at a temperature between 300 and 400 K. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Purdue Univ, Dept Chem, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Yu, HG (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM hgy@bnl.gov; francisc@purdue.edu RI Muckerman, James/D-8752-2013; Yu, Hua-Gen/N-7339-2015 NR 43 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD JUN 16 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 23 BP 5230 EP 5236 DI 10.1021/jp051458w PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 935AQ UT WOS:000229751600034 PM 16833880 ER PT J AU Wang, GF Van Hove, MA Ross, PN Baskes, MI AF Wang, GF Van Hove, MA Ross, PN Baskes, MI TI Surface structures of cubo-octahedral Pt-Mo catalyst nanoparticles from Monte Carlo simulations SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE CALCULATIONS; EMBEDDED-ATOM-METHOD; 100 CRYSTAL FACES; H-2/CO MIXTURES; CO TOLERANCE; BIMETALLIC CATALYSTS; METAL NANOPARTICLES; OXYGEN REDUCTION; ALLOY CATALYSTS; FUEL-CELLS AB The surface structures of cubo-octahedral Pt-Mo nanoparticles have been investigated using the Monte Carlo method and modified embedded atom method potentials that we developed for Pt-Mo alloys. The cubo-octahedral Pt-Mo nanoparticles are constructed with disordered fcc configurations, with sizes from 2.5 to 5.0 nm, and with Pt concentrations from 60 to 90 atom %. The equilibrium Pt-Mo nanoparticle configurations were generated through Monte Carlo simulations allowing both atomic displacements and element exchanges at 600 K. We predict that the Pt atoms weakly segregate to the surfaces of such nanoparticles. The Pt concentrations in the surface are calculated to be 5-14 atom % higher than the Pt concentrations of the nanoparticles. Moreover, the Pt atoms preferentially segregate to the facet sites of the surface, while the Pt and Mo atoms tend to alternate along the edges and vertexes of these nanoparticles. We found that decreasing the size or increasing the Pt concentration leads to higher Pt concentrations but fewer Pt-Mo pairs in the Pt-Mo nanoparticle surfaces. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Strust Property Relat Grp MST8, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Wang, GF (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM gfwang@lbl.gov RI Van Hove, Michel/A-9862-2008 OI Van Hove, Michel/0000-0002-8898-6921 NR 46 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 4 U2 15 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD JUN 16 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 23 BP 11683 EP 11692 DI 10.1021/jp050116n PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 935AS UT WOS:000229751800041 PM 16852434 ER PT J AU Janssens, RVF AF Janssens, RVF TI Nuclear physics - Elusive magic numbers SO NATURE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Janssens, RVF (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM janssens@anl.gov NR 6 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 3 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD JUN 16 PY 2005 VL 435 IS 7044 BP 897 EP 898 DI 10.1038/435897a PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 935RN UT WOS:000229799700029 PM 15959502 ER PT J AU Wang, HW Nogales, E AF Wang, HW Nogales, E TI Nucleotide-dependent bending flexibility of tubulin regulates microtubule assembly SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID SLOWLY HYDROLYZABLE ANALOG; ALPHA-BETA-TUBULIN; CRYOELECTRON MICROSCOPY; STRUCTURAL-CHANGES; GTP HYDROLYSIS; DYNAMICS; ENDS; INFORMATION; COLCHICINE; RESOLUTION AB The atomic structure of tubulin in a polymerized, straight protofilament is clearly distinct from that in a curved conformation bound to a cellular depolymerizer. The nucleotide contents are identical, and in both cases the conformation of the GTP-containing, intra-dimer interface is indistinguishable from the GDP-containing, inter-dimer contact. Here we present two structures corresponding to the start and end points in the microtubule polymerization and hydrolysis cycles that illustrate the consequences of nucleotide state on longitudinal and lateral assembly. In the absence of depolymerizers, GDP-bound tubulin shows distinctive intra-dimer and inter-dimer interactions and thus distinguishes the GTP and GDP interfaces. A cold-stable tubulin polymer with the non-hydrolysable GTP analogue GMPCPP, containing semi-conserved lateral interactions, supports a model in which the straightening of longitudinal interfaces happens sequentially, starting with a conformational change after GTP binding that straightens the dimer enough for the formation of lateral contacts into a non-tubular intermediate. Closure into a microtubule does not require GTP hydrolysis. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Nogales, E (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM enogales@lbl.gov FU NIGMS NIH HHS [P01 GM051487] NR 20 TC 182 Z9 188 U1 1 U2 22 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD JUN 16 PY 2005 VL 435 IS 7044 BP 911 EP 915 DI 10.1038/nature03606 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 935RN UT WOS:000229799700038 PM 15959508 ER PT J AU Fridmann, J Wiedenhover, I Gade, A Baby, LT Bazin, D Brown, BA Campbell, CM Cook, JM Cottle, PD Diffenderfer, E Dinca, DC Glasmacher, T Hansen, PG Kemper, KW Lecouey, JL Mueller, WF Olliver, H Rodriguez-Vieitez, E Terry, JR Tostevin, JA Yoneda, K AF Fridmann, J Wiedenhover, I Gade, A Baby, LT Bazin, D Brown, BA Campbell, CM Cook, JM Cottle, PD Diffenderfer, E Dinca, DC Glasmacher, T Hansen, PG Kemper, KW Lecouey, JL Mueller, WF Olliver, H Rodriguez-Vieitez, E Terry, JR Tostevin, JA Yoneda, K TI 'Magic' nucleus Si-42 SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID N=28 SHELL CLOSURE; NEUTRON-RICH NUCLEI; DRIP-LINE; ISOTOPES; FRAGMENTATION; REGION; BEAM AB Nuclear shell structures-the distribution of the quantum states of individual protons and neutrons-provide one of our most important guides for understanding the stability of atomic nuclei. Nuclei with 'magic numbers' of protons and/or neutrons (corresponding to closed shells of strongly bound nucleons) are particularly stable(1,2). Whether the major shell closures and magic numbers change in very neutron-rich nuclei (potentially causing shape deformations) is a fundamental, and at present open, question(3,4). A unique opportunity to study these shell effects is offered by the Si-42 nucleus, which has 28 neutrons-a magic number in stable nuclei-and 14 protons. This nucleus has a 12-neutron excess over the heaviest stable silicon nuclide, and has only one neutron fewer than the heaviest silicon nuclide observed so far(5). Here we report measurements of Si-42 and two neighbouring nuclei using a technique involving one- and two-nucleon knockout from beams of exotic nuclei(6,7). We present strong evidence for a well-developed proton subshell closure at Z = 14 (14 protons), the near degeneracy of two different (s(1/2) and d(3/2)) proton orbits in the vicinity of Si-42, and a nearly spherical shape for Si-42. C1 Florida State Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Surrey, Sch Elect & Phys Sci, Dept Phys, Surrey GU2 7XH, England. RP Cottle, PD (reprint author), Florida State Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. EM cottle@phy.fsu.edu RI Gade, Alexandra/A-6850-2008; Glasmacher, Thomas/C-4462-2008; Campbell, Christopher/B-9429-2008; Glasmacher, Thomas/H-9673-2014 OI Gade, Alexandra/0000-0001-8825-0976; Glasmacher, Thomas/0000-0001-9436-2448 NR 28 TC 75 Z9 76 U1 1 U2 9 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD JUN 16 PY 2005 VL 435 IS 7044 BP 922 EP 924 DI 10.1038/nature03619 PG 3 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 935RN UT WOS:000229799700041 PM 15959511 ER PT J AU Karliner, M Lipkin, HJ AF Karliner, M Lipkin, HJ TI New tests for experiments producing pentaquarks SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID STATE AB The distribution of the squared momentum difference vertical bar P(A)vertical bar(2) - vertical bar P(B)vertical bar(2) between the momenta in the laboratory system of two experimentally observed particles A and B provides a test for whether an observed mass peak indicates a real resonance rather than nonresonant background or kinematic reflection. The angular distribution of the relative momenta in the center-of-mass system exhibits a forward-backward symmetry in the production and decay of any resonance with a definite parity. This symmetry is not expected in other nonresonant processes and can be expressed without needing angular distributions in terms of the easily measured momenta in the laboratory frame that are already measured and used to calculate the invariant mass of the system. Our test is especially useful for low statistics experiments where the full angular distribution cannot be determined. It can be applied to both fixed-target and collider searches for the Theta(+) and Theta(c) pentaquarks. (c) 2005 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Lab, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England. Tel Aviv Univ, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Fac Exact Sci, Sch Phys & Astron, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Particle Phys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Karliner, M (reprint author), Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Lab, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England. EM marek@proton.tau.ac.il; ftlipkin@weizmann.ac.il NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JUN 16 PY 2005 VL 616 IS 3-4 BP 191 EP 195 DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2005.04.048 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 934IX UT WOS:000229703600005 ER PT J AU Bedaque, PE Chen, JW AF Bedaque, PE Chen, JW TI Twisted valence quarks and hadron interactions on the lattice SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID CHIRAL PERTURBATION-THEORY; NUCLEAR-FORCES; QUENCHED QCD; LAGRANGIANS; LOGARITHMS; STATES AB We consider QCD with valence and sea quarks obeying different boundary conditions. We point out that the energy of low lying two hadron states do not depend on the boundary condition of the sea quarks (up to exponentially small corrections). Thus, the advantages in using twisted boundary conditions on the lattice QCD extraction of nucleon-nucleon phase shifts can be gained without the need of new gauge configurations, even in fully unquenched calculations. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Phys, Taipei 10617, Taiwan. Natl Taiwan Univ, Natl Ctr Theoret Sci Taipei, Taipei 10617, Taiwan. RP Bedaque, PE (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM pfbedaque@lbl.gov; jwc@phys.ntu.edu.tw OI Chen, Jiunn-Wei/0000-0002-8650-9371 NR 22 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JUN 16 PY 2005 VL 616 IS 3-4 BP 208 EP 214 DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2005.04.045 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 934IX UT WOS:000229703600008 ER PT J AU West, TO McBride, AC AF West, TO McBride, AC TI The contribution of agricultural lime to carbon dioxide emissions in the United States: dissolution, transport, and net emissions SO AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE agriculture; calcium carbonate; greenhouse gas emissions; land use; ocean biogeochemistry; soil carbon sequestration ID ANTHROPOGENIC CO2; CALCIUM; FERTILIZERS; IMPACT; RIVER; ALKALINITY; LYSIMETERS; INCREASE; ULTISOL; SYSTEM AB Agricultural lime (aglime) is commonly applied to soils in the eastern U.S. to increase soil pH. Aglime includes crushed limestone (CaCO3) and crushed dolomite (MgCa(CO3)(2)). Following the supposition by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) that all C in aglime is eventually released as CO2 to the atmosphere, the U.S. EPA estimated that 9 Tg (Teragram = 10(12) g = 10(6) metric tonne) CO2 was emitted from an approximate 20 Tg of applied aglime in 2001. A review of historic data on aglime production and use indicates that 30 Tg may better represent the annual U.S. consumption of aglime. More importantly, our review of terrestrial and ocean C dynamics indicates that it is unlikely that all C from aglime is released to the atmosphere following application to soils. On the contrary, the primary pathway for aglime dissolution is reaction with carbonic acid (H2CO3) which results in uptake of CO2, Depending on soil pH and nitrogen fertilizer use, a fraction of aglime may react with strong acid sources such as nitric acid (HNO3) thereby releasing CO2. Data on soil leaching and river transport of calcium (Ca2+) and bicarbonate (HCO3-) suggest that a significant portion of dissolved aglime constituents may leach through the soil and be transported by rivers to the ocean. Much of the fraction transported to the ocean will precipitate as CaCO3. Bicarbonate remaining in the soil profile is expected to release CO2 following re-acidification of the soil over time. Our analysis indicates that net CO2 emissions from the application of aglime is 0.059 Mg C per Mg limestone and 0.064 Mg C per Mg dolomite. This is in contrast to lPCC estimates of 0.12 and 0.13 Mg C per Mg limestone and dolomite, respectively. Based on our best estimate, the application of 20-30 Tg of aglime in the U.S., consisting of 80% limestone and 20% dolomite, would have resulted in a net 4.4-6.6 Tg CO2 emissions in 2001. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Swarthmore Coll, Swarthmore, PA 19081 USA. RP West, TO (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM westto@ornl.gov RI West, Tristram/C-5699-2013 OI West, Tristram/0000-0001-7859-0125 NR 36 TC 81 Z9 90 U1 10 U2 60 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8809 J9 AGR ECOSYST ENVIRON JI Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. PD JUN 15 PY 2005 VL 108 IS 2 BP 145 EP 154 DI 10.1016/j.agee.2005.01.002 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 931LI UT WOS:000229486400005 ER PT J AU Koester, CJ Moulik, A AF Koester, CJ Moulik, A TI Trends in environmental analysis SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Review ID SOLID-PHASE MICROEXTRACTION; 2-DIMENSIONAL GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; INDUCTIVELY-COUPLED PLASMA; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; FLIGHT-MASS-SPECTROMETRY; PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; SEMIPERMEABLE-MEMBRANE DEVICES; POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS; PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS; ION MOBILITY SPECTROMETRY C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Forens Sci Ctr, Tech Informat Dept, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Koester, CJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Forens Sci Ctr, Tech Informat Dept, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 199 TC 69 Z9 75 U1 1 U2 26 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD JUN 15 PY 2005 VL 77 IS 12 BP 3737 EP 3754 DI 10.1021/ac0505674 PG 18 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 938HV UT WOS:000229991400002 PM 15952754 ER PT J AU Di Niro, R Ferrara, F Not, T Bradbury, ARM Chirdo, F Marzari, R Sblattero, D AF Di Niro, R Ferrara, F Not, T Bradbury, ARM Chirdo, F Marzari, R Sblattero, D TI Characterizing monoclonal antibody epitopes by filtered gene fragment phage display SO BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE epitope mapping; beta-lactamase; phage display; transglutaminase ID TISSUE TRANSGLUTAMINASE; CELIAC-DISEASE; LINEAR EPITOPES; LIBRARIES; IDENTIFICATION; EXPRESSION; PEPTIDES; PROTEIN; SPECIFICITY; RECEPTOR AB In the present paper, we describe a novel approach to map monoclonal antibody epitopes, using three new monoclonal antibodies that recognize h-TG2 (human transglutaminase 2) as an example. The target gene was fragmented and cloned upstream of an antibiotic-resistance gene, in the vector pPAO2, to select for in-frame polypeptides. After removal of the antibiotic-resistance gene by Cre/Lox recombination, an antigen fragment phage display library was created and selected against specific monoclonal antibodies. Using the h-TG2 fragment library, we were able. to identify epitopes. This technique can also be broadly applied to the study of protein-protein interactions. C1 Univ Trieste, Dept Biol, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Univ Trieste, Dept Sci Reprod & Dev, I-34100 Trieste, Italy. IRCCS, I-34100 Trieste, Italy. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Natl Univ La Plata, Fac Ciencias Exactas, Catedra Inmunol, RA-1900 La Plata, Argentina. RP Sblattero, D (reprint author), Univ Trieste, Dept Biol, Via Giorgieri 10, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. EM daniele@icgeb.org OI Not, Tarcisio/0000-0003-1059-3009 NR 32 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU PORTLAND PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA THIRD FLOOR, EAGLE HOUSE, 16 PROCTER STREET, LONDON WC1V 6 NX, ENGLAND SN 0264-6021 J9 BIOCHEM J JI Biochem. J. PD JUN 15 PY 2005 VL 388 BP 889 EP 894 DI 10.1042/BJ20041983 PN 3 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 942BX UT WOS:000230259000020 PM 15720292 ER PT J AU Cabusora, L Sutton, E Fulmer, A Forst, CV AF Cabusora, L Sutton, E Fulmer, A Forst, CV TI Differential network expression during drug and stress response SO BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Article ID MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; METABOLIC PATHWAYS; ALIGNMENT; INSIGHTS; GENOMICS; COMPLEX; GENE AB Motivation: The application of microarray chip technology has led to an explosion of data concerning the expression levels of the genes in an organism under a plethora of conditions. One of the major challenges of systems biology today is to devise generally applicable methods of interpreting this data in a way that will shed light on the complex relationships between multiple genes and their products. The importance of such information is clear, not only as an aid to areas of research like drug design, but also as a contribution to our understanding of the mechanisms behind an organism's ability to react to its environment. Results: We detail one computational approach for using gene expression data to identify response networks in an organism. The method is based on the construction of biological networks given different sets of interaction information and the reduction of the said networks to important response sub-networks via the integration of the gene expression data. As an application, the expression data of known stress responders and DNA repair genes in Mycobacterium tuberculosis is used to construct a generic stress response sub-network. This is compared to similar networks constructed from data obtained from subjecting M. tuberculosis to various drugs; we are thus able to distinguish between generic stress response and specific drug response. We anticipate that this approach will be able to accelerate target identification and drug development for tuberculosis in the future. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Procter & Gamble Co, Miami Valley Labs, Cincinnati, OH 45253 USA. RP Forst, CV (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663,Mailstop M888, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM chris@lanl.gov NR 25 TC 69 Z9 74 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1367-4803 J9 BIOINFORMATICS JI Bioinformatics PD JUN 15 PY 2005 VL 21 IS 12 BP 2898 EP 2905 DI 10.1093/bioinformatics/bti440 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Statistics & Probability SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Computer Science; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Mathematics GA 937OE UT WOS:000229934600017 PM 15840709 ER PT J AU Bostick, BC Theissen, KM Dunbar, RB Vairavamurthy, MA AF Bostick, BC Theissen, KM Dunbar, RB Vairavamurthy, MA TI Record of redox status in laminated sediments from Lake Titicaca: A sulfur K-edge X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) study SO CHEMICAL GEOLOGY LA English DT Article DE sulfur speciation; X-ray absorption spectroscopy; calcite; holocene climate; laminated sediments; productivity ID OXYGEN-MINIMUM ZONE; SOUTH-AMERICA; STRUCTURE SPECTROSCOPY; STABLE-ISOTOPE; ORGANIC SULFUR; CLIMATE; PERU; BOLIVIA; SULFATE; FLUCTUATIONS AB Laminated sediments are commonly used to examine limnological and ecological processes on short time scales. Here, we examine changes in sulfur speciation of lamination couplets from Lake Titicaca, South America using X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy. The dark-colored layer of each lamination couplet contains a significant fraction of reduced organic sulfides, with smaller fractions of iron sulfides and sulfate. In contrast, the light-colored layer of each couplet is primarily composed of sulfate. In all laminae, the sulfate is present as inorganic sulfate substituted in calcite. The differences in speciation likely reflect changes in productivity during sediment deposition. During the warm, productive summer months, micritic calcite precipitation was induced in oxidized surface waters due to pH changes induced by consumption of dissolved CO2-this calcite incorporates dissolved sulfate and forms the light-colored layers. This pulse of productivity creates organic matter that partially decomposes during the austral winter months, consuming oxygen and delivering organic-rich sediment to the lake bottom. This decomposition, and the possible presence of a halocline, kept bottom waters low in oxygen, and lead to the production of organic matter rich in reduced sulfur. These data suggest that these laminations are deposited annually and illustrate the utility of S K-edge XANES for the analysis of laminated sediments. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Dartmouth Coll, Dept Earth Sci, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Geog & Environm Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Univ St Thomas, Dept Geol, St Paul, MN 55105 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Energy Sci & Technol Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Bostick, BC (reprint author), Dartmouth Coll, Dept Earth Sci, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM benjamin.c.bostick@dartmouth.edu NR 42 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 3 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2541 J9 CHEM GEOL JI Chem. Geol. PD JUN 15 PY 2005 VL 219 IS 1-4 BP 163 EP 174 DI 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2005.02.004 PG 12 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 936RQ UT WOS:000229873500010 ER PT J AU Weber, S Maire, PH Loubere, R Riazuelo, G Michel, P Tikhonchuk, V Ovadia, J AF Weber, S Maire, PH Loubere, R Riazuelo, G Michel, P Tikhonchuk, V Ovadia, J TI A transport simulation code for inertial confinement fusion relevant laser-plasma interaction SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE laser-plasma interaction; Lagrangian hydrodynamics; discontinuous galerkin method; non-local transport; inertial confinement fusion ID NONLOCAL ELECTRON-TRANSPORT; BEAMS AB We present a code for the simulation of laser-plasma interaction processes relevant for applications in inertial confinement fusion. The code consists of a fully nonlinear hydrodynamics in two spatial dimensions using a Lagrangian, discontinuous Galerkin-type approach, a paraxial treatment of the laser field and a spectral treatment of the dominant non-local transport terms. The code is fully parallelized using MPI in order to be able to simulate macroscopic plasmas. One example of a fully nonlinear evolution of a laser beam in an underdense plasma is presented for the conditions previewed for the future MegaJoule laser project. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Bordeaux 1, CELIA, F-33405 Talence, France. CEA, DAM DIF DPTA, F-91680 Bruyeres Le Chatel, France. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. Ecole Polytech, LULI, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. CEA, CESTA, DAM, DEV, F-33114 Le Barp, France. RP Weber, S (reprint author), Univ Bordeaux 1, CELIA, F-33405 Talence, France. EM weber@celia.u-bordeaux1.fr RI Michel, Pierre/J-9947-2012; Maire, Pierre-Henri/H-6219-2013 OI Maire, Pierre-Henri/0000-0002-4180-8220 NR 21 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-4655 J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN JI Comput. Phys. Commun. PD JUN 15 PY 2005 VL 168 IS 3 BP 141 EP 158 DI 10.1016/j.cpc.2005.01.017 PG 18 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 938FI UT WOS:000229984900001 ER PT J AU Jin, RS Junutula, JR Matern, HT Ervin, KE Scheller, RH Brunger, AT AF Jin, RS Junutula, JR Matern, HT Ervin, KE Scheller, RH Brunger, AT TI Exo84 and Sec5 are competitive regulatory Sec6/8 effectors to the RalA GTPase SO EMBO JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE exocyst; exocytosis; GTP-binding protein; Ral effector; Sec6/8 complex ID EXOCYST COMPLEX; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES; SUBUNIT INTERACTIONS; MAMMALIAN EXOCYST; STRUCTURAL BASIS; PROTEIN; MEMBRANE; BINDING; EXOCYTOSIS; RAS AB The Sec6/8 complex, also known as the exocyst complex, is an octameric protein complex that has been implicated in tethering of secretory vesicles to specific regions on the plasma membrane. Two subunits of the Sec6/8 complex, Exo84 and Sec5, have recently been shown to be effector targets for active Ral GTPases. However, the mechanism by which Ral proteins regulate the Sec6/8 activities remains unclear. Here, we present the crystal structure of the Ral-binding domain of Exo84 in complex with active RalA. The structure reveals that the Exo84 Ral-binding domain adopts a pleckstrin homology domain fold, and that RalA interacts with Exo84 via an extended interface that includes both switch regions. Key residues of Exo84 and RalA were found that determine the specificity of the complex interactions; these interactions were confirmed by mutagenesis binding studies. Structural and biochemical data show that Exo84 and Sec5 competitively bind to active RalA. Taken together, these results further strengthen the proposed role of RalA-regulated assembly of the Sec6/8 complex. C1 Stanford Univ, Dept Cellular & Mol Physiol, Howard Hughes Med Inst, James H Clark Ctr, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Genentech Inc, San Francisco, CA 94080 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Dept Cellular & Mol Physiol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Dept Neurol & Neurol Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Brunger, AT (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Cellular & Mol Physiol, Howard Hughes Med Inst, James H Clark Ctr, E300C,318 Campus Dr, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM brunger@stanford.edu RI Jin, Rongsheng/M-7797-2013; OI Jin, Rongsheng/0000-0003-0348-7363; Brunger, Axel/0000-0001-5121-2036; Junutula, Jagath Reddy/0000-0002-5942-4428 NR 40 TC 78 Z9 81 U1 1 U2 5 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 USA SN 0261-4189 J9 EMBO J JI Embo J. PD JUN 15 PY 2005 VL 24 IS 12 BP 2064 EP 2074 DI 10.1038/sj.emboj.7600699 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 945OE UT WOS:000230511000002 PM 15920473 ER PT J AU Zhou, P Gu, BH AF Zhou, P Gu, BH TI Extraction of oxidized and reduced forms of uranium from contaminated soils: Effects of carbonate concentration and pH SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SURFACE COMPLEXATION MODEL; MICROBIAL REDUCTION; U(VI) REDUCTION; ADSORPTION; SEDIMENTS; BIOREMEDIATION; PRECIPITATION; SOLUBILITY; GOETHITE; CR(VI) AB Uranium may present in soil as precipitated, sorbed, complexed, and reduced forms, which impact its mobility and fate in the subsurface soil environment. In this study, a uranium-contaminated soil was extracted with carbonate/ bicarbonate at varying concentrations (0-1 M), pHs, and redox conditions in an attempt to evaluate their effects on the extraction efficiency and selectivity for various forms of uranium in the soil. Results indicate that at least three different forms of uranium existed in the contaminated soil: uranium(VI) phosphate minerals, reduced U(IV) phases, and U(VI) complexed with soil organic matter. A small fraction of U(VI) could be sorbed onto soil minerals. The mechanism involved in the leaching of U(VI) by carbonates appears to involve three processes which may act concurrently or independently: the dissolution of uranium(VI) phosphate and other mineral phases, the oxidation-complexation of U(IV) under oxic conditions, and the desorption of U(VI)-organic matter complexes at elevated pH conditions. This study suggests that, depending on site-specific geochemical conditions, the presence of small quantities of carbonate/bicarbonate could result in a rapid and greatly increased leaching and the mobilization of U(VI) from the contaminated soil. Even the reduced U(IV) phases (only sparingly soluble in water) are subjected to rapid oxidation and therefore potential leaching into the environment. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Gu, BH (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, MS 6036,POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM gub1@ornl.gov RI Gu, Baohua/B-9511-2012 OI Gu, Baohua/0000-0002-7299-2956 NR 34 TC 99 Z9 100 U1 8 U2 67 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUN 15 PY 2005 VL 39 IS 12 BP 4435 EP 4440 DI 10.1021/es0483443 PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 934QU UT WOS:000229724100020 PM 16047778 ER PT J AU He, YT Traina, SJ AF He, YT Traina, SJ TI Cr(VI) reduction and immobilization by magnetite under alkaline pH conditions: The role of passivation SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CHROMATE REDUCTION; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; IRON-OXIDE; CHROMIUM; SURFACES; KINETICS; TRANSFORMATIONS; FERRIHYDRITE; REMEDIATION; SORPTION AB This study investigated COO reduction and immobilization by magnetite under alkaline pH conditions similar to those present at the Hanford site. Compared to acidic and neutral pH, chromium(VI) reduction by magnetite at high pH conditions is limited (< 20% of potential reduction capacity), and the extent of reduction does not vary significantly with increasing NaOH concentration. This is due to the formation of maghemite, goethite, and/or Fe(1-x)Cr(x)OOH, which may form a passivation layer on the magnetite surface, stopping further chromate reduction. Maghemite is formed in lower NaOH concentrations. The extent of goethite formation increases with NaOH concentration. Goethite may be formed through two mechanisms: (i) dissolution of magnetite leads to the precipitation of goethite and/or (ii) dissolution of newly formed maghemite intermediate, followed by precipitation of goethite. Extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy shows that Cr has a similar structural environment at alkaline pH as at acidic and circumneutral conditions. C1 Ohio State Univ, Environm Sci Grad Program, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Univ Calif, Sierra Nevada Res Inst, Merced, CA 95344 USA. RP He, YT (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM he.51@osu.edu NR 42 TC 62 Z9 64 U1 7 U2 59 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUN 15 PY 2005 VL 39 IS 12 BP 4499 EP 4504 DI 10.1021/es0483692 PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 934QU UT WOS:000229724100028 PM 16047786 ER PT J AU Wendling, LA Harsh, JB Ward, TE Palmer, CD Hamilton, MA Boyle, JS Flury, M AF Wendling, LA Harsh, JB Ward, TE Palmer, CD Hamilton, MA Boyle, JS Flury, M TI Cesium desorption from lllite as affected by exudates from rhizosphere bacteria SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CHARGE COMPENSATING CATION; SILICATE MINERALS; ORGANIC-MATTER; RADIOCESIUM; ADSORPTION; SORPTION; ILLITE; SOILS; NUTRITION; BIOTITE AB Biogeochemical processes in the rhizosphere can significantly alter interactions between contaminants and soil minerals. In this study, several strains of bacteria that exude aluminum (Al)-chelating compounds were isolated from the rhizosphere of crested wheatgrass (Agropyron desertorum) collected from the Idaho National Laboratory (INL). We examined the effects of exudates from bacteria in the genera Bacillus, Ralstonia, and Enterobacteron cesium (Cs) desorption from illite. Exudates from these strains of bacteria significantly enhanced Cs desorption from illite. In addition, Cs desorption increased with increasing Bacillus exudate concentrations. Cesium desorption from illite as a function of both exudate type and concentration was positively correlated with Al dissolution, suggesting that the Al-complexing ability of the exudates played an important role in enhancing Cs desorption. The density of frayed edge sites (FES) on illite increased as a result of treatment with bacterial exudates, while the Cs/K selectivity of FES decreased. These results suggest that exudates from bacteria isolated from the rhizosphere can enhance Cs desorption from frayed edges of illite and, therefore, can alter Cs availability in micaceous soils. C1 Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Washington State Univ, Ctr Multiphase Environm Res, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Wendling, LA (reprint author), USDA ARS, POB 646120, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM lawendling@wsu.edu RI Wendling, Laura/C-3660-2011; Wendling, Laura/A-2745-2014; Flury, Markus/H-2983-2012 OI Wendling, Laura/0000-0002-5728-3684; Flury, Markus/0000-0002-3344-3962 NR 35 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 27 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUN 15 PY 2005 VL 39 IS 12 BP 4505 EP 4512 DI 10.1021/es048809p PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 934QU UT WOS:000229724100029 PM 16047787 ER PT J AU O'Brien, M O'Kiely, P Forristal, PD Fuller, HT AF O'Brien, M O'Kiely, P Forristal, PD Fuller, HT TI Fungi isolated from contaminated baled grass silage on farms in the Irish Midlands SO FEMS MICROBIOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE baled silage; fungus; mould; Penicillium roqueforti ID PENICILLIUM-ROQUEFORTI; DAMAGE AB The incidence of fungal growth on baled grass silage was recorded on 35 farms in the Irish Midlands in 2003. Fungal colonies were visible on 58 of 64 bales examined and the number of colonies per bale ranged from 1 to 12. On average, 5 % of bale surface areas were affected. The fungus most prevalent on bales was Penicillium roqueforti, present on 86 % of bales and representing 52 % of all isolates. Other moulds isolated were Penicillium paneum, Geotrichum, Fusarium and mucoraccous species. Schizophyllum commune was observed protruding through the plastic film on bales on 17 of the 35 farms. (c) 2005 Federation of European Microbiological Societies. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 TEAGASC, Grange Res Ctr, Dunsany, Meath, Ireland. TEAGASC, Crops Res Ctr, Oak Park, Carlow, Ireland. Univ Coll Dublin, Dept Bot, Dublin 4, Ireland. RP O'Brien, M (reprint author), TEAGASC, Grange Res Ctr, Dunsany, Meath, Ireland. EM mobrien@grange.teagasc.ie OI O'Brien, Martin/0000-0003-1096-1991 NR 21 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1097 J9 FEMS MICROBIOL LETT JI FEMS Microbiol. Lett. PD JUN 15 PY 2005 VL 247 IS 2 BP 131 EP 135 DI 10.1016/j.femsle.2005.04.037 PG 5 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 939AY UT WOS:000230045700004 PM 15927422 ER PT J AU Tang, M Cecconi, C Kim, H Bustamante, C Rio, DC AF Tang, M Cecconi, C Kim, H Bustamante, C Rio, DC TI Guanosine triphosphate acts as a cofactor to promote assembly of initial P-element transposase-DNA synaptic complexes SO GENES & DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE DNA-binding proteins; DNA rearrangements; GTP-binding proteins; protein-DNA complexes; transposition ID DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; IN-VITRO; GENOME; ENDONUCLEASE; PURIFICATION; SUPERFAMILY; MECHANISM; PROTEINS; SEQUENCE; RAG2 AB P transposable elements in Drosophila are members of a larger class of mobile elements that move using a cut-and-paste mechanism. P-element transposase uses guanosine triphosphate (GTP) as a cofactor for transposition. Here, we use atomic force microscopy (AFM) to visualize protein-DNA complexes formed during the initial stages of P-element transposition. These studies reveal that GTP acts to promote assembly of the first detectable noncovalent precleavage synaptic complex. This initial complex then randomly and independently cleaves each P-element end. These data show that GTP acts to promote protein-DNA assembly, and may explain why P-element excision often leads to unidirectional deletions. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr Integrat Genom, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Div Genet Genom & Dev, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Rio, DC (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr Integrat Genom, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Div Genet Genom & Dev, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM don_rio@berkeley.edu RI Cecconi, Ciro/K-5028-2016 OI Cecconi, Ciro/0000-0002-6101-2609 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [R01 GM048862, R01 GM48862] NR 33 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS, PUBLICATIONS DEPT PI COLD SPRING HARBOR PA 1 BUNGTOWN RD, COLD SPRING HARBOR, NY 11724 USA SN 0890-9369 J9 GENE DEV JI Genes Dev. PD JUN 15 PY 2005 VL 19 IS 12 BP 1422 EP 1425 DI 10.1101/gad.1317605 PG 4 WC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 938FB UT WOS:000229984200003 PM 15964992 ER PT J AU Couture, JF Collazo, E Brunzelle, JS Trievel, RC AF Couture, JF Collazo, E Brunzelle, JS Trievel, RC TI Structural and functional analysis of SET8, a histone H4 Lys-20 methyltransferase SO GENES & DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE histone modifications; protein lysine methylation; SET domain; transcription; mitosis; substrate specificity ID ELECTRON-DENSITY MAPS; LYSINE METHYLTRANSFERASES; MACROMOLECULAR STRUCTURES; PRODUCT SPECIFICITY; CATALYTIC MECHANISM; METHYLATION; PURIFICATION; EXPRESSION; CHROMATIN; DOMAIN AB SET8 (also known as PR-SET7) is a histone H4-Lys-20-specific methyltransferase that is implicated in cell- cycle-dependent transcriptional silencing and mitotic regulation in metazoans. Herein we report the crystal structure of human SET8 (hSET8) bound to a histone H4 peptide bearing Lys-20 and the product cofactor S-adenosylhomocysteine. Histone H4 intercalates in the substrate-binding cleft as an extended parallel P-strand. Residues preceding Lys-20 in H4 engage in an extensive array of salt bridge, hydrogen bond, and van der Waals interactions with hSET8, while the C-terminal residues bind through predominantly hydrophobic interactions. Mutational analysis of both the substrate-binding cleft and histone H4 reveals that interactions with residues in the N and C termini of the H4 peptide are critical for conferring substrate specificity. Finally, analysis of the product specificity indicates that hSET8 is a monomethylase, consistent with its role in the maintenance of Lys-20 monomethylation during cell division. C1 Univ Michigan, Dept Biol Chem, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Life Sci Collaborat Access Team, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Trievel, RC (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Biol Chem, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM rtrievel@umich.edu NR 38 TC 142 Z9 149 U1 0 U2 13 PU COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS, PUBLICATIONS DEPT PI WOODBURY PA 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2924 USA SN 0890-9369 J9 GENE DEV JI Genes Dev. PD JUN 15 PY 2005 VL 19 IS 12 BP 1455 EP 1465 DI 10.1101/gad.1318405 PG 11 WC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 938FB UT WOS:000229984200008 PM 15933070 ER PT J AU Cail, TL Hochella, MF AF Cail, TL Hochella, MF TI The effects of solution chemistry on the sticking efficiencies of viable Enterococcus faecalis: An atomic force microscopy and modeling study SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID ADHESION-DEFICIENT BACTERIA; POROUS-MEDIA; BROWNIAN PARTICLES; COLLISION EFFICIENCY; COLLOIDAL PARTICLES; MINERAL SURFACES; DEPOSITION; TRANSPORT; FILTRATION; AQUIFER AB Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) theory in combination with the interaction force boundary layer (IFBL) model have been used to empirically and theoretically calculate sticking efficiencies (a) of Enterococcus faecalis cells against a silica glass surface. Sticking efficiencies were calculated in solutions of varying pH and ionic strength and related to maximum distances of transport through a hypothetical soil block using colloid filtration theory. AFM measurements show that the repulsive and attractive forces between E. jaecalis cells and a glass surface are a function of ionic strength but are less sensitive to changes in solution pH. Zeta (zeta)-potential measurements of the cells and glass surfaces correlate with these trends. Calculated DLVO energy profiles predict much greater sensitivity to changing solution chemistry. Sticking efficiencies derived from AFM measurements range from 9.6 X 10(-17) to 1 in solutions of low ionic strength (IS) and from 2.6 X 10(-33) to I at higher IS. Corresponding a values determined from DLVO theory are essentially zero in all tested solutions. Sticking efficiencies calculated in this study are smaller than values determined from column and field studies in similar systems; however, a derived from AFM data and the IFBL model more closely represent field data than do values calculated from DLVO energy values. A comparison with different methods of calculating a suggests that reversible adhesion may be significant in column-scale transport studies. Copyright (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. C1 Virginia Tech, Dept Geosci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Cail, TL (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM banktl@ornl.gov NR 44 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 4 U2 11 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD JUN 15 PY 2005 VL 69 IS 12 BP 2959 EP 2969 DI 10.1016/j.gca.2005.01.017 PG 11 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 940PO UT WOS:000230156600002 ER PT J AU Catalano, JG Brown, GE AF Catalano, JG Brown, GE TI Uranyl adsorption onto montmorillonite: Evaluation of binding sites and carbonate complexation SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID SOCIETY SOURCE CLAYS; X-RAY-ABSORPTION; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; BASE-LINE; SORPTION COMPLEXES; DIOCTAHEDRAL SMECTITES; QUENCHING MECHANISMS; OCTAHEDRAL SHEET; METAL-IONS; URANIUM AB The fate and transport of uranium in contaminated soils and sediments may be affected by adsorption onto the surface of minerals such as montmorillonite. Extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy has been used to investigate the adsorption of uranyl (UO22+) onto Wyoming montmorillonite. At low pH (similar to 4) and low ionic strength (10(-3) M), uranyl has an EXAFS spectrum indistinguishable from the aqueous uranyl cation, indicating binding via cation exchange. At near-neutral pH (similar to 7) and high ionic strength (1 M), the equatorial oxygen shell of uranyl is split, indicating inner-sphere binding to edge sites. Linear-combination fitting of the spectra of samples reacted under conditions where both types of binding are possible reveals that cation exchange at low ionic strengths on SWy-2 may be more important than predicted by past surface complexation models of U(VI) adsorption on related montmorillonites. Analysis of the binding site on the edges of montmorillonite suggests that U(VI) sorbs preferentially to [Fe(O,OH)(6)] octahedral sites over [Al(O,OH)(6)] sites. When bound to edge sites, U(VI) occurs as uranyl-carbonato ternary surface complexes in systems equilibrated with atmospheric, CO2, Polymeric surface complexes were not observed under any of the conditions studied. Current surface complexation models of uranyl sorption on clay minerals may need to be reevaluated to account for the possible increased importance of cation exchange reactions at low ionic strengths, the presence of reactive octahedral iron surface sites, and the formation of uranyl-carbonato ternary surface complexes. Considering the adsorption mechanisms observed in this study, future studies of U(VI) transport in the environment should consider how uranium retardation will be affected by changes in key solution parameters, such as pH, ionic strength, exchangeable cation composition, and the presence or absence of CO2. Copyright (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. C1 Stanford Univ, Surface & Aqueous Geochem Grp, Dept Geog & Environm Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. SLAC, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Catalano, JG (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, ER 203,9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM catalano@anl.gov RI Catalano, Jeffrey/A-8322-2013 OI Catalano, Jeffrey/0000-0001-9311-977X NR 65 TC 127 Z9 128 U1 10 U2 67 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD JUN 15 PY 2005 VL 69 IS 12 BP 2995 EP 3005 DI 10.1016/j.gca.2005.01.025 PG 11 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 940PO UT WOS:000230156600005 ER PT J AU Wasylenki, LE Dove, PM Wilson, DS De Yoreo, JJ AF Wasylenki, LE Dove, PM Wilson, DS De Yoreo, JJ TI Nanoscale effects of strontium on calcite growth: An in situ AFM study in the absence of vital effects SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID PLANKTONIC-FORAMINIFERA; TRACE-ELEMENT; PRECIPITATION RATE; MAGNESIUM; MODEL; CRYSTALS; RATIOS; MG2+; SR2+; BIOMINERALIZATION AB This experimental study presents in situ measurements of step migration rates for layer growth of calcite at various levels of superaturation and fluid Sr concentrations. Our results show that Sr has complex behavior as an impurity. At low concentrations, Sr promotes faster growth. This effect may be associated with slight shifts in calcite solubility when Sr is incorporated or may be due to as yet uncharacterized kinetic effects. At higher concentrations, Sr stops step advancement by pinning kink-sites or step edges. The threshold concentration of Sr needed to halt growth is positively correlated with supersaturation. Addition of Sr to the calcite growth system leads to significant changes in hillock morphology. Hillocks become elongate perpendicular to the projection of the c-glide plane, in contrast to the changes previously reported for Mg. Step edges also become scalloped, and the boundary between the obtuse-stepped flanks disappears and is replaced by a new step direction with edges parallel to [010]. Incorporation of Sr was measured at two supersaturation levels and identical fluid [Sr]. The results indicate a strong positive correlation between fluid supersaturation and crystal Sr content. Further, Sr is strongly fractionated between obtuse- and acute-stepped flanks by a factor of approximately two. The sensitivity of Sr uptake to supersaturation may explain apparently contradictory results in the literature regarding whether Sr uptake in the calcite produced by one-celled marine organisms is controlled by temperature. In addition, Sr contents of natural calcite samples may be good indicators of the levels of supersaturation at which the crystals grew. Results of this investigation demonstrate the importance of understanding impurity-specific interactions with calcite growth surfaces at the microscopic scale. Despite similar chemical behavior in some systems, Mg and Sr clearly have very different effects on calcite growth. If Sr and other impurities are to be used as robust indicators of growth conditions in natural calcite samples, well grounded understanding of the mechanisms of recording trace element signatures in calcite is an essential Step toward correctly deciphering paleoenvironmental signals from fossil calcite compositions. Copyright (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. C1 Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Geosci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Chem & Mat Sci, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Dove, PM (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Geosci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM dove@vt.edu RI Dove, Patricia/A-7911-2010 NR 48 TC 70 Z9 70 U1 6 U2 37 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD JUN 15 PY 2005 VL 69 IS 12 BP 3017 EP 3027 DI 10.1016/j.gca.2004.12.019 PG 11 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 940PO UT WOS:000230156600007 ER PT J AU Liu, YG Daum, PH McGraw, RL AF Liu, YG Daum, PH McGraw, RL TI Size truncation effect, threshold behavior, and a new type of autoconversion parameterization SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CLOUD MICROPHYSICAL PROCESSES; CLIMATE MODELS; WATER-CONTENT; RADIATION; RADIUS AB A function defined as the size truncation function is introduced to quantify the effect of truncating the cloud droplet size distribution on the autoconversion rate. It is shown that the size truncation function can be used as a threshold function to represent the threshold behavior associated with the autoconversion process, providing a physical basis for the threshold function. Comparisons of the new threshold function with those ad hoc threshold functions associated with existing Kessler-type and Sundqvist-type parameterizations reveals the degree of approximations of the two empirical parameterizations. Application of the new threshold function leads to a new type of autoconversion parameterization that is fully analytical, physics-based, and removes the ad hoc nature of threshold representation in existing autoconversion parameterizations. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Div Atmospher Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Liu, YG (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Div Atmospher Sci, Bldg 815E, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM lyg@bnl.gov; phdaum@bnl.gov; rlm@bnl.gov RI Liu, Yangang/H-6154-2011 NR 23 TC 47 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JUN 15 PY 2005 VL 32 IS 11 AR L11811 DI 10.1029/2005GL022636 PG 5 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 938FU UT WOS:000229986100004 ER PT J AU Sittler, EC Thomsen, M Chornay, D Shappirio, MD Simpson, D Johnson, RE Smith, HT Coates, AJ Rymer, AM Crary, F McComas, DJ Young, DT Reisenfeld, D Dougherty, M Andre, N AF Sittler, EC Thomsen, M Chornay, D Shappirio, MD Simpson, D Johnson, RE Smith, HT Coates, AJ Rymer, AM Crary, F McComas, DJ Young, DT Reisenfeld, D Dougherty, M Andre, N TI Preliminary results on Saturn's inner plasmasphere as observed by Cassini: Comparison with Voyager SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MAGNETOSPHERE; DYNAMICS; IONS AB We present an analysis of Saturn's inner plasmasphere as observed by the Cassini Plasma Spectrometer ( CAPS) experiment during Cassini's initial entry into Saturn's magnetosphere when the spacecraft was inserted into orbit around Saturn. The ion fluxes are divided into two subgroups: protons and water group ions. We present the relative amounts of these two groups and the first estimates of their fluid parameters: ion density, flow velocity and temperature. We also compare this data with electron plasma measurements. Within the plasmasphere and inside of Enceladus' orbit, water group ions are about a factor of similar to 10 greater than protons in number with number densities exceeding 40 cm(-3). Within this inner region the spacecraft acquires a negative potential so that the electron density is underestimated. The electron and proton temperatures, which could not be measured in this region by Voyager, are T similar to 2 eVat L similar to 3. Also, within this inner region the protons, because of a negative spacecraft potential, appear to be super-corotating. By enforcing the condition that protons and water group ions are co-moving we may be able to acquire an independent estimate of the spacecraft potential relative to that estimated when comparing ion-electron measurements. Using our estimates of plasma properties, we estimate the importance of the rotating plasma on the stress balance equation for the inner magnetosphere and corresponding portion of the ring current. C1 NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. UCL, Mullard Space Sci Lab, Dorking RH5 6NT, Surrey, England. SW Res Inst, San Antonio, TX 78228 USA. Univ Montana, Dept Phys & Astron, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, London SW7 2BZ, England. Ctr Etud Spatiale Rayonnements, F-31028 Toulouse, France. RP Sittler, EC (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM edward.c.sittler@nasa.gov RI Coates, Andrew/C-2396-2008; Reisenfeld, Daniel/F-7614-2015; Smith, Howard/H-4662-2016 OI Coates, Andrew/0000-0002-6185-3125; Smith, Howard/0000-0003-3537-3360 NR 19 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JUN 15 PY 2005 VL 32 IS 14 AR L14S07 DI 10.1029/2005GL022653 PG 5 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 938GH UT WOS:000229987400001 ER PT J AU Appelhans, AD Dahl, DA AF Appelhans, AD Dahl, DA TI SIMION ion optics simulations at atmospheric pressure SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article DE ion optics; IMS; SIMION; ion transport; ion trajectory simulation ID MOBILITIES; TRANSPORT; MODEL; GAS; CS AB A method for simulating the motions of charged particles in atmospheric pressure conditions in electrostatic and magnetic fields has been developed and implemented in a user program for SIMION 7.0 and the predictive capability of the model tested against experiment. The statistical diffusion simulation (SDS) user program avoids the computationally intensive issues of high collision rates by employing collision statistics to simulate the effects of millions of collisions per time step. Ion motions are simulated by a combined viscous ion mobility and random ion jumping approach. Comparison of the model predictions against measurement of Cs+ transport through room air, N-2, Xe, Ar, and He collision gases in a simple drift cell at pressures from 6 to 640 Torr are favorable and provide confidence that the approach is viable. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Appelhans, AD (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Chem MS 2208,POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM anthony.appethans@inl.gov NR 14 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 3 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3806 J9 INT J MASS SPECTROM JI Int. J. Mass Spectrom. PD JUN 15 PY 2005 VL 244 IS 1 BP 1 EP 14 DI 10.1016/j.ijms.2005.03.010 PG 14 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA 943DS UT WOS:000230333100001 ER PT J AU Bei, H George, EP Brown, DW Pharr, GM Choo, H Porter, WD Bourke, MAM AF Bei, H George, EP Brown, DW Pharr, GM Choo, H Porter, WD Bourke, MAM TI Thermal-expansion behavior of a directionally solidified NiAl-Mo composite investigated by neutron diffraction and dilatometry SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; MICROSTRUCTURES; FRACTURE; ALLOYS; DEFORMATION; EUTECTICS; CR AB The thermal expansion of directionally solidified NiAl-Mo eutectic alloys consisting of nanoscale Mo fibers embedded in a NiAl matrix was analyzed by neutron diffraction and dilatometry. From room temperature to 800 degrees C, perpendicular to the fiber direction, the NiAl and Mo phases expand independently with average coefficients of thermal expansion (CTEs) of 16.0x10(-6) degrees C-1 and 5.8x10(-6) degrees C-1, respectively. Parallel to the fiber direction, they coexpand up to 650 degrees C with an average CTE of 12.8x10(-6) degrees C-1, but above this temperature the Mo fibers expand more than the NiAl matrix. This anomalous behavior is the result of the load transfer to the Mo fibers when the NiAl matrix softens. The average CTE of the composite parallel to the fiber direction was determined by dilatometry to be 13.0x10(-6) degrees C-1, which is approximately 11% lower than the value predicted by a simple rule of mixtures using the CTEs of the constituent phases. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Lujan Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP George, EP (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM beih@ornl.gov; georgeep@ornl.gov RI Choo, Hahn/A-5494-2009; George, Easo/L-5434-2014; OI Choo, Hahn/0000-0002-8006-8907; Bei, Hongbin/0000-0003-0283-7990 NR 20 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 15 PY 2005 VL 97 IS 12 AR 123503 DI 10.1063/1.1929853 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 942JG UT WOS:000230278100022 ER PT J AU Choi, JH Stipe, CB Koshland, CP Sawyer, RF Lucas, D AF Choi, JH Stipe, CB Koshland, CP Sawyer, RF Lucas, D TI NaCl particle interaction with 193-nm light: Ultraviolet photofragmentation and nanoparticle production SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID INDUCED ION FORMATION; GAP SINGLE-CRYSTALS; LASER-ABLATION; BREAKDOWN THRESHOLDS; METAL NANOPARTICLES; AEROSOL-PARTICLES; ALKALI-HALIDES; IRRADIATION; DESORPTION; RADIATION AB The interaction of nanoscale NaCl particles with 193-nm photons is studied to better understand particle disintegration and production by ultraviolet photofragmentation. The particles are irradiated in a constrained air stream with laser fluences from 0.08 to 0.23 J/cm(2) with single and multiple pulses striking the particles. The resulting particle size distributions are measured with a scanning mobility particle sizer and the morphology is analyzed qualitatively by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Photofragmentation of NaCl particles at 193 nm produces gas-phase species as well as small solid-phase fragments without significantly heating the particles or creating a plasma. The irradiated particles have a mean diameter from 20 to 55 nm (depending on the photon energy) and a number concentration an order of magnitude higher than the 118-nm mean diameter nonirradiated particles. The SEM images before and after 193-nm irradiation reveal that the irradiated particles are less fractal and more spherical. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Seattle Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Seattle, WA 98122 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM d_lucas@lbl.gov RI Sawyer, Robert/B-5013-2014 NR 52 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 15 PY 2005 VL 97 IS 12 AR 124315 DI 10.1063/1.1948511 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 942JG UT WOS:000230278100100 ER EF