FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Roy, S Fitzsimmons, MR Park, S Dorn, M Petracic, O Roshchin, IV Li, ZP Batlle, X Morales, R Misra, A Zhang, X Chesnel, K Kortright, JB Sinha, SK Schuller, IK AF Roy, S Fitzsimmons, MR Park, S Dorn, M Petracic, O Roshchin, IV Li, ZP Batlle, X Morales, R Misra, A Zhang, X Chesnel, K Kortright, JB Sinha, SK Schuller, IK TI Depth profile of uncompensated spins in an exchange bias system SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID NEUTRON-SCATTERING; FILMS; MULTILAYERS; MECHANISMS; ANISOTROPY AB We have used the unique spatial sensitivity of polarized neutron and soft x-ray beams in reflection geometry to measure the depth dependence of magnetization across the interface between a ferromagnet and an antiferromagnet. The net uncompensated magnetization near the interface responds to applied field, while uncompensated spins in the antiferromagnet bulk are pinned, thus providing a means to establish exchange bias. C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Duisburg Essen, D-47048 Duisburg, Germany. Univ Barcelona, Dept Fis Fonamental, E-08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. Univ Oviedo, Dept Fis, E-33007 Oviedo, Spain. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Roy, S (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RI Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012; Misra, Amit/H-1087-2012; Batlle, Xavier/H-5795-2012; Roshchin, Igor/I-5162-2012; Morales, Rafael/F-8215-2016; OI Petracic, Oleg/0000-0002-5138-9832; Morales, Rafael/0000-0003-1733-2039 NR 30 TC 135 Z9 135 U1 3 U2 33 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 22 PY 2005 VL 95 IS 4 AR 047201 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.047201 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 947XG UT WOS:000230680000055 PM 16090835 ER PT J AU Noonan, JP Hofreiter, M Smith, D Priest, JR Rohland, N Rabeder, G Krause, J Detter, JC Paabo, S Rubin, EM AF Noonan, JP Hofreiter, M Smith, D Priest, JR Rohland, N Rabeder, G Krause, J Detter, JC Paabo, S Rubin, EM TI Genomic sequencing of Pleistocene cave bears SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ANCIENT DNA; URSUS-SPELAEUS; MODERN HUMANS; DIVERSITY; EVOLUTION; MAIZE; BLAST AB Despite the greater information content of genomic DNA, ancient DNA studies have largely been limited to the amplification of mitochondrial sequences. Here we describe metagenomic libraries constructed with unamplified DNA extracted from skeletal remains of two 40,000-year-old extinct cave bears. Analysis of similar to 1 megabase of sequence from each library showed that despite significant microbial contamination, 5.8 and 1.1% of clones contained cave bear inserts, yielding 26,861 base pairs of cave bear genome sequence. Comparison of cave bear and modern bear sequences revealed the evolutionary relationship of these lineages. The metagenomic approach used here establishes the feasibility of ancient DNA genome sequencing programs. C1 US Dept Energy Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Genom Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Max Planck Inst Evolutionary Anthropol, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany. Univ Vienna, Inst Paleontol, A-1010 Vienna, Austria. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biosci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Rubin, EM (reprint author), US Dept Energy Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA. EM emrubin@lbl.gov RI Krause, Johannes/E-6640-2015; Hofreiter, Michael/A-3996-2017 OI Krause, Johannes/0000-0001-5475-4690; Hofreiter, Michael/0000-0003-0441-4705 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [T32 HL07279, U1 HL66681B] NR 18 TC 139 Z9 145 U1 3 U2 26 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JUL 22 PY 2005 VL 309 IS 5734 BP 597 EP 600 DI 10.1126/science.1113485 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 948SE UT WOS:000230735200044 PM 15933159 ER PT J AU Osterwalder, J Droubay, T Kaspar, T Williams, J Wang, CM Chambers, SA AF Osterwalder, J Droubay, T Kaspar, T Williams, J Wang, CM Chambers, SA TI Growth of Cr-doped TiO2 films in the rutile and anatase structures by oxygen plasma assisted molecular beam epitaxy SO THIN SOLID FILMS LA English DT Article DE magnetic properties and measurements; molecular beam epitaxy; chromium; titanium dioxide ID ROOM-TEMPERATURE FERROMAGNETISM; GAS-SENSING PROPERTIES; DIOXIDE THIN-FILMS; TITANIUM-DIOXIDE; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; DIFFRACTION; MAGNETISM; BEHAVIOR; NB AB As part of a search for new spintronic materials, highly ordered films of CrxTi1-xO2 in both the rutile and anatase structures and for several Cr concentrations ranging from x=0.02 to 0.16 were grown by oxygen plasma assisted molecular beam epitaxy. X-ray photoelectron diffiraction data of the Cr 2p level exhibit the same patterns and the same modulation amplitudes as those observed for Ti 2p, providing a strong indication that a large fraction of the Cr atoms occupy substitutional lattice sites in both structures. The Cr 2p core-level spectra as well as a Cr 3d related dopant signal above the valence band of TiO2 are characteristic of Cr3+ ions. At room temperature, Cr-doped anatase films exhibit ferromagnetic order with a saturation magnetization of similar to 0.6 mu B per Cr atom and strong in-plane anisotropy. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Zurich, Inst Phys, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental Sci Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Osterwalder, J (reprint author), Univ Zurich, Inst Phys, Schonberggasse 9, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland. EM osterwal@physik.unizh.ch RI Droubay, Tim/D-5395-2016 OI Droubay, Tim/0000-0002-8821-0322 NR 38 TC 41 Z9 43 U1 1 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0040-6090 J9 THIN SOLID FILMS JI Thin Solid Films PD JUL 22 PY 2005 VL 484 IS 1-2 BP 289 EP 298 DI 10.1016/j.tsf.2005.02.028 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 939BA UT WOS:000230045900045 ER PT J AU Chylek, P Lohmann, U AF Chylek, P Lohmann, U TI Ratio of the Greenland to global temperature change: Comparison of observations and climate modeling results SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID NORTH-ATLANTIC OSCILLATION; COSMIC-RAYS; ICE-SHEET; CLOUDS AB Temperature changes over Greenland are of special interest due to a possible melting of the Greenland Ice Sheet and resulting sea level rise. General Circulation Models ( GCMs) predict that the temperature changes in Greenland should proceed at a faster rate than the global temperature change. Until now there has been no confirmation that Greenland's long- term temperature changes are related to the global warming and that they proceed faster than the global temperature change. Using double correlations between the Greenland temperature records, North Atlantic Oscillation ( NAO) index and global temperature change we find a region of Greenland that is not affected by the NAO. Using this region as an indicator of Greenland's temperature change that is related to global warming, we find that the ratio of the Greenland to global temperature change due to global warming is 2.2 in broad agreement with GCM predictions. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Dalhousie Univ, Dept Phys & Atmospher Sci, Halifax, NS, Canada. ETH, Inst Atmospher & Climate Sci, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. RP Chylek, P (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS B244, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM chylek@lanl.gov RI Lohmann, Ulrike/B-6153-2009 OI Lohmann, Ulrike/0000-0001-8885-3785 NR 15 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JUL 21 PY 2005 VL 32 IS 14 AR L14705 DI 10.1029/2005GL023552 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 951GF UT WOS:000230916700010 ER PT J AU Vanden Wymelenberg, A Sabat, G Martinez, D Rajangam, AS Teeri, TT Gaskell, J Kersten, PJ Cullen, D AF Vanden Wymelenberg, A Sabat, G Martinez, D Rajangam, AS Teeri, TT Gaskell, J Kersten, PJ Cullen, D TI The Phanerochaete chrysosporium secretome: Database predictions and initial mass spectrometry peptide identifications in cellulose-grown medium SO JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Phanerochaete chrysosporium; genome; proteome; secretome; glycosyl hydrolase; cellulase ID MAIN ALPHA-GALACTOSIDASE; CELLOBIOSE DEHYDROGENASE; SPOROTRICHUM-PULVERULENTUM; ENZYME-SYSTEM; LIGNINOLYTIC CULTURES; TRICHODERMA-REESEI; BETA-GLUCOSIDASE; DEGRADING ENZYME; GLYOXAL OXIDASE; FUNGUS AB The white rot basidiomycete, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, employs an array of extracellular enzymes to completely degrade the major polymers of wood: cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. Towards the identification of participating enzymes, 268 likely secreted proteins were predicted using SignalP and TargetP algorithms. To assess the reliability of secretome predictions and to evaluate the usefulness of the current database, we performed shotgun LC-MS/MS on cultures grown on standard cellulose-containing medium. A total of 182 unique peptide sequences were matched to 50 specific genes, of which 24 were among the secretome subset. Underscoring the rich genetic diversity of R chrysosporium, identifications included 32 glycosyl hydrolases. Functionally interconnected enzyme groups were recognized. For example, the multiple endoglucanases and processive exocellobiohydrolases observed quite probably attack cellulose in a synergistic manner. In addition, a hemicellulolytic system included endoxylanases, alpha-galactosidase, acetyl xylan esterase, and alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase. Glucose and cellobiose metabolism likely involves cellobiose dehydrogenase, glucose oxidase, and various inverting glycoside hydrolases, all perhaps enhanced by an epimerase. To evaluate the completeness of the current database, mass spectroscopy analysis was performed on a larger and more inclusive dataset containing all possible ORFs. This allowed identification of a previously undetected hypothetical protein and a putative acid phosphatase. The expression of several genes was supported by RT-PCR amplification of their cDNAs. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Bacteriol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Genet & Biotechnol Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Joint Genome Inst, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Stockholm, Royal Inst Technol, AlbaNova Ctr, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. RP USDA, Forest Prod Lab, 1 Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM dcullen@facstaff.wisc.edu RI Teeri, Tuula/E-7509-2013 NR 54 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 2 U2 24 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1656 EI 1873-4863 J9 J BIOTECHNOL JI J. Biotechnol. PD JUL 21 PY 2005 VL 118 IS 1 BP 17 EP 34 DI 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2005.03.010 PG 18 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 943CD UT WOS:000230328500003 ER PT J AU Aldegunde, J de Miranda, MP Haigh, JM Kendrick, BK Saez-Rabanos, V Aoiz, FJ AF Aldegunde, J de Miranda, MP Haigh, JM Kendrick, BK Saez-Rabanos, V Aoiz, FJ TI How reactants polarization can be used to change and unravel chemical reactivity SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID DIFFERENTIAL CROSS-SECTIONS; HYDROGEN-EXCHANGE REACTION; POTENTIAL-ENERGY SURFACE; WAVE PACKET FORMULATION; BIMOLECULAR REACTIONS; VECTOR CORRELATION; DYNAMICAL STEREOCHEMISTRY; QUANTUM SCATTERING; ACTIVE CONTROL; S-MATRIX AB This article presents theoretical methods for the description of the directional effect of reactant rotation on the reactivity of atom-diatom systems and suggests an experiment that could be used to test theoretical predictions. The theory can be used in conjunction with both quantum reactive scattering and quasiclassical trajectory calculations, and is stated in general terms, which allows it to deal with arbitrary reactant polarizations. The illustrative results obtained for the benchmark H + D-2 reaction are also presented and show that under experimentally achievable conditions one can largely control reactive cross sections and product state distributions, while at the same time gaining valuable and at times surprising information on the reaction mechanism. C1 Univ Leeds, Sch Chem, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. Univ Salamanca, Fac Ciencias Quim, Dept Quim Fis, E-37008 Salamanca, Spain. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Div T12 MS B268, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Politecn Madrid, Escuela Tecn Super Ingn Montes, Dept Quim & Bioquim, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. Univ Complutense, Fac Quim, Dept Quim Fis, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. RP de Miranda, MP (reprint author), Univ Leeds, Sch Chem, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. EM m.miranda@leeds.ac.uk; aoiz@quim.ucm.es RI Aoiz, F. Javier/G-8240-2015; Aldegunde, Jesus/H-4448-2015 OI Aoiz, F. Javier/0000-0001-5718-5905; Aldegunde, Jesus/0000-0003-4685-0126 NR 69 TC 58 Z9 58 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD JUL 21 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 28 BP 6200 EP 6217 DI 10.1021/jp0512208 PG 18 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 945UB UT WOS:000230526600009 PM 16833960 ER PT J AU Avramov, PV Adamovic, I Ho, KM Wang, CZ Lu, WC Gordon, MS AF Avramov, PV Adamovic, I Ho, KM Wang, CZ Lu, WC Gordon, MS TI Potential energy surfaces of SimOn cluster formation and isomerization SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID SILICON-OXIDE CLUSTERS; CORRELATED MOLECULAR CALCULATIONS; DOUBLY NEGATIVE SYSTEMS; AB-INITIO CALCULATIONS; GAUSSIAN-BASIS SETS; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; ORBITAL METHODS; NANOWIRES; ABINITIO; ATOMS AB The reaction paths for formation and isomerization of a set of silica SimOn (m = 2,3, n = 1 - 5) nanoclusters have been investigated using second-order pertubation theory (MP2) with the 6-31G(d) basis set. The MP2/ 6-31G(d) calculations have predicted singlet ground states for all clusters excluding Si3O2. The total energies of the most important points on the potential energy surfaces (PES) have been determined using the completely renormalized (CR) singles and doubles coupled cluster method including perturbative triples, CR-CCSD(T) with the cc-pVTZ basis set. Although transition states have been located for many isomerization reactions, only for Si3O3 and Si3O4 have some transition states been found for the formation of a cluster from the separated reactants. In all other cases, the process of formation of SimOn clusters appears to proceed without potential energy barriers. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Russian Acad Sci, Siberian Branch, LV Kirensky Phys Inst, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia. RP Gordon, MS (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM mark@si.fi.ameslab.gov NR 52 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD JUL 21 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 28 BP 6294 EP 6302 DI 10.1021/jp058078v PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 945UB UT WOS:000230526600020 PM 16833971 ER PT J AU Farrell, D Cheng, Y McCallum, RW Sachan, M Majetich, SA AF Farrell, D Cheng, Y McCallum, RW Sachan, M Majetich, SA TI Magnetic interactions of iron nanoparticles in arrays and dilute dispersions SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID FINE-PARTICLE-SYSTEMS; DIPOLE INTERACTION; BEHAVIOR; SUPERLATTICES; NANOCRYSTALS; DYNAMICS; MODEL AB The magnetic properties of monodisperse Fe nanoparticles with over 4 orders of magnitude difference in concentration are studied by a combination of ordinary and remanent hysteresis loops, zero field cooled magnetization as a function of temperature, and magnetic relaxation rates. We compare the behavior of dilute dispersions with different concentrations, dispersions, and arrays made from the same particles, and nanoparticle arrays with different particle sizes and separations. The results are related to theoretical predictions and are used to create a unified picture of magnetostatic interactions within the assemblies. C1 Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. UCL, Ctr Nanotechnol, London WC1E 7HN, England. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. EM sm70@andrew.cmu.edu RI Majetich, Sara/B-1022-2015 OI Majetich, Sara/0000-0003-0848-9317 NR 38 TC 62 Z9 64 U1 1 U2 24 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD JUL 21 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 28 BP 13409 EP 13419 DI 10.1021/jp050161v PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 945UD UT WOS:000230526800003 PM 16852677 ER PT J AU Chen, SG Stradins, P Gregg, BA AF Chen, SG Stradins, P Gregg, BA TI Doping highly ordered organic semiconductors: Experimental results and fits to a self-consistent model of excitonic processes, doping, and transport SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID CRYSTALLINE PERYLENE DIIMIDES; DISORDERED MOLECULAR-SOLIDS; LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; CHARGE-TRANSPORT; THIN-FILMS; PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS; ENERGY-TRANSFER; SPACE-CHARGE; POLYMERS; PHTHALOCYANINE AB An in-depth study of n-type doping in a crystalline perylene diimide organic semiconductor (PPEEB) reveals that electrostatic attractions between the dopant electron and its conjugate dopant cation cause the free carrier density to be much lower than the doping density. Measurements of the dark currents as a function of field, doping density, electrode spacing, and temperature are reported along with preliminary Hall-effect measurements. The activation energy of the current, E-aJ, decreases with increasing field and with increasing dopant density, n(d), It is the measured change in E-aJ with nd that accounts primarily for the variations between PPEEB films; the two adjustable parameters employed to fit the current-voltage data proved to be almost constants, independent of nd and temperature. The free electron density and the electron mobility are nonlinearly coupled through their shared dependences on both field and temperature. The data are fit to a modified Poole-Frenkel-like model that is shown to be valid for three important electronic processes in organic (excitonic) semiconductors: excitonic effects, doping, and transport. At room temperature, the electron mobility in PPEEB films is estimated to be 0.3 cm(2)/VS; the fitted value of the mobility for an ideal PPEEB crystal is 3.4 +/- 2.7 cm(2)/VS. The modified Poole-Frenkel factor that describes the field dependence of the current is 2 +/- 1 x 10(-4) eV (cm/V)(1/2). The analytical model is surprisingly accurate for a system that would require a coupled set of nonlinear tensor equations to describe it precisely. Being based on general electrostatic considerations, our model can form the requisite foundation for treatments of more complex systems. Some analogies to adventitiously doped materials such as pi-conjugated polymers are proposed. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Gregg, BA (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM brian_gregg@nrel.gov NR 58 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 2 U2 22 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD JUL 21 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 28 BP 13451 EP 13460 DI 10.1021/jp0506080 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 945UD UT WOS:000230526800009 PM 16852683 ER PT J AU Wilcoxon, JP Provencio, PP AF Wilcoxon, JP Provencio, PP TI Chemical and optical properties of CdSe and CdSe/ZnS nanocrystals investigated using high-performance liquid chromatography SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID NANOCLUSTERS; PARTICLES; GOLD AB We apply a variety of characterization tools, including dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution size-exclusion chromatography (HRSEC), and X-ray fluorescence (XRF), to study CdSe and CdSe/ZnS semiconductor nanocrystals of various sizes. We compare the size monodispersity, composition, and optical properties such as absorbance, photoluminescence (PL), and photoluminescence excitation of samples synthesized by high-temperature organometallic decomposition methods to CdSe clusters synthesized in our laboratory using a room-temperature metathesis from ionic precursors in coordinating solvents. DLS revealed considerable aggregation in all the conventionally synthesized samples, while TEM showed significant size and shape polydispersity in the core/shell CdSe/ZnS nanoparticles. We demonstrate how HRSEC can be used to explore size and shape polydispersity in semiconductor nanocrystals by measurement of the spectral homogeneity of the PL and PLE of spectra obtained within cluster elution peaks observed by HRSEC. Using HRSEC, we show that size fractionation by solvent/nonsolvent precipitation is only partially effective in size selection and that discrete size populations are present in each fraction. HRSEC shows that our synthesis yields a single-size, blue-emitting, homogeneous population whose absorbance and PL correspond to those of the smallest-size fraction made by conventional synthesis. This suggests that especially stable discrete sizes are favored in both synthetic methods. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Nanostruct & Adv Mat Chem, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Wilcoxon, JP (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Nanostruct & Adv Mat Chem, Dept 1122,POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM jpwilco@sandia.gov NR 19 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD JUL 21 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 28 BP 13461 EP 13471 DI 10.1021/jp050062h PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 945UD UT WOS:000230526800010 PM 16852684 ER PT J AU Kanai, Y Cicero, G Selloni, A Car, R Galli, G AF Kanai, Y Cicero, G Selloni, A Car, R Galli, G TI A theoretical study of biotin chemisorption on Si-SiC(001) surfaces SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; WANNIER FUNCTIONS; STREPTAVIDIN AB Biotin is a promising candidate for functionalization of semiconducting surfaces, given its strong, unmatched affinity to specific proteins such as streptavidin and avidin. Using density functional theory, we have carried out a theoretical investigation of the structural and electronic properties of biotin chemisorbed on a biocompatible substrate; in particular we have considered the clean and hydroxylated Si-SiC(001) surfaces. Our calculations show that, upon chemisorption, biotin retains the electronic properties responsible for its strong affinity to proteins. While the electronic states of the hydroxylated surface undergo negligible changes in the presence of the molecule, those of the clean surface are considerably affected. C1 Princeton Univ, Dept Chem, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton Inst Sci & Technol Mat, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Kanai, Y (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Chem, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RI Kanai, Yosuke/B-5554-2016; OI Cicero, Giancarlo/0000-0002-2920-9882 NR 25 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD JUL 21 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 28 BP 13656 EP 13662 DI 10.1021/jp051260h PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 945UD UT WOS:000230526800037 PM 16852711 ER PT J AU Brand, HV AF Brand, HV TI Ab initio all-electron periodic Hartree-Fock study of hydrostatic compression of pentaerythritol tetranitrate SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID SHOCK INITIATION; CRYSTAL; SYSTEMS; CLUSTER; ZSM-5; PETN; HMX AB We present a computational study of hydrostatic compression effects on the pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) energetic material up to 22.7 GPa by means of the ab initio all-electron periodic Hartree-Fock quantum mechanical method with the STO-3G Gaussian basis set. We fitted the calculated volume-energy relation to the energy SJEOS polynomial function from which we obtained the compression dependence of the pressure (P), the bulk modulus (B), and its pressure derivative (Y). We also fitted the experimental volume-pressure relation to the pressure SJEOS polynomial function, which allowed us to calculate the experimental bulk modulus (B-exp) and its pressure derivative (B'(exp)). Our calculated values, B = 6.73 GPa and B' = 24.63, are in reasonable agreement with the values B-exp = 8.48 GPa and B'(exp) = 14.42 from our fit to the experimental X-ray data and with the value B-exp = 9.8 GPa that was derived from the experimental elastic constants. In addition, we present a discussion on how the lattice vectors and the internal coordinates (i.e., bond lengths, bond angles, and torsion angles) of the C(CH2ONO2)(4) molecules in the PETN lattice change during hydrostatic compression of the crystal. Our calculated results suggest that the C(CH2ONO2)4 molecules cannot be considered as being rigid but are in fact flexible, accommodating lattice compression through torsions, bendings in their bond angles, and contractions in their bond lengths. At pressures higher than about 8 GPa, however, both the C(CH2ONO2)(4) molecules and the c lattice vector seem to stiffen somewhat. The a lattice vector does not exhibit this stiffening. As a consequence, the pressure dependence of the c/a ratio shows a minimum at about 8 GPa. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Appl Phys Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, Appl Phys Div, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM brand@lanl.gov NR 37 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD JUL 21 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 28 BP 13668 EP 13675 DI 10.1021/jp051045v PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 945UD UT WOS:000230526800039 PM 16852713 ER PT J AU Naslund, LA Luning, J Ufuktepe, Y Ogasawara, H Wernet, P Bergmann, U Pettersson, LGM Nilsson, A AF Naslund, LA Luning, J Ufuktepe, Y Ogasawara, H Wernet, P Bergmann, U Pettersson, LGM Nilsson, A TI X-ray absorption spectroscopy measurements of liquid water SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID HYDROGEN-BOND NETWORK; RAMAN-SCATTERING; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; FINE-STRUCTURE; SOLID H2O; ICE; REARRANGEMENTS; ENERGETICS; SURFACES; EDGE AB Recent studies, based on X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and X-ray Raman scattering (XRS), have shown that the hydrogen bond network in liquid water consists mainly of water molecules with only two strong hydrogen bonds. Since this result is controversial, it is important to demonstrate the reliability of the experimental data, which is the purpose of this paper. Here we compare X-ray absorption spectra of liquid water recorded with five very different techniques sensitive to the local environment of the absorbing molecule. Overall, the spectra obtained with photon detection show a very close similarity and even the observable minor differences can be understood. The comparison demonstrates that XAS and XRS can indeed be applied reliably to study the local bonding of the water molecule and thus to reveal the hydrogen bond situation in bulk water. C1 Stockholm Univ, FYSIKUM, Albanova Univ Ctr, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Cukurova Univ, Dept Phys, TR-01330 Adana, Turkey. RP Stockholm Univ, FYSIKUM, Albanova Univ Ctr, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. EM nilsson@slac.stanford.edu RI Nilsson, Anders/E-1943-2011; Pettersson, Lars/F-8428-2011; Wernet, Philippe/A-7085-2013; ID, BioCAT/D-2459-2012; Pettersson, Lars/J-4925-2013; Ogasawara, Hirohito/D-2105-2009 OI Nilsson, Anders/0000-0003-1968-8696; Wernet, Philippe/0000-0001-7011-9072; Pettersson, Lars/0000-0003-1133-9934; Ogasawara, Hirohito/0000-0001-5338-1079 FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR-08630] NR 36 TC 76 Z9 76 U1 0 U2 23 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD JUL 21 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 28 BP 13835 EP 13839 DI 10.1021/jp052046q PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 945UD UT WOS:000230526800058 PM 16852732 ER PT J AU Williams, PT AF Williams, PT TI Three routes to jet collimation by the Balbus-Hawley magnetorotational instability SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE accretion, accretion discs; MHD; polarization; turbulence; stars : winds; outflows; galaxies : jets ID GAMMA-RAY BURST; SCALE MAGNETIC-FIELDS; ACCRETION DISKS; MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC SIMULATIONS; BLACK-HOLES; YOUNG STARS; SHEAR-FLOW; POLARIZATION; VISCOSITY; DYNAMO AB Three completely different lines of work have recently led to the conclusion that the magnetorotational instability (MRI) may create a hoop stress that collimates jets. One argument is based upon consideration that magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence, in general, and turbulence driven by the MRI, in particular, is more nearly viscoelastic than it is viscous. Another argument is based upon the dispersion relation for the MRI in the context of 1D simulations of core collapse. Yet a third argument rests in the results of direct numerical MHD simulations of collapsars and thick accretion flows. I elaborate on my previous work regarding the first argument above and I briefly discuss how these three sets of results are all related. I also discuss the different roles played by the magnetic tension and the magnetic pressure within the context of this work. I point out that this leads to consideration of the normal stress difference between the hoop stress and the radial stress, in preference to a focus on just the hoop stress itself. Additionally, I argue that simulations of thick accretion flows and collapsars are not self-consistent if they include a phenomenological model for an MRI-induced viscous stress but disregard these other MRI-induced stress components. I comment briefly on the RHESSI observation of polarization in the gamma-ray burst GRB0212206. I argue that this polarization is consistent with a tangled field, and does not require a large-scale organized field. Finally, I suggest that the role of magnetic fields in creating jets, as described here, should be understood not to work within the confines of magnetocentrifugal models of jets, but rather as an alternative to them. C1 City Coll San Francisco, Dept Astron, San Francisco, CA 94112 USA. RP Williams, PT (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Appl Phys, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM petwil@gmail.com NR 38 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD JUL 21 PY 2005 VL 361 IS 1 BP 345 EP 356 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2005.08906.x PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 942TC UT WOS:000230304300025 ER PT J AU Lin, JF Struzhkin, VV Jacobsen, SD Hu, MY Chow, P Kung, J Liu, HZ Mao, HK Hemley, RJ AF Lin, JF Struzhkin, VV Jacobsen, SD Hu, MY Chow, P Kung, J Liu, HZ Mao, HK Hemley, RJ TI Spin transition of iron in magnesiowustite in the Earth's lower mantle SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID POST-PEROVSKITE PHASE; THERMODYNAMIC PARAMETERS; SILICATE PEROVSKITE; HIGH-PRESSURE; DEEP MANTLE; STATE; EQUATION; TEMPERATURE; HETEROGENEITY; OXIDES AB Iron is the most abundant transition-metal element in the mantle and therefore plays an important role in the geochemistry and geodynamics of the Earth's interior(1-11). Pressure-induced electronic spin transitions of iron occur in magnesiowustite, silicate perovskite and post-perovskite(1-4,8,10,11). Here we have studied the spin states of iron in magnesiowustite and the isolated effects of the electronic transitions on the elasticity of magnesiowustite with in situ X-ray emission spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction to pressures of the lowermost mantle. An observed high-spin to low-spin transition of iron in magnesiowustite results in an abnormal compressional behaviour between the high-spin and the low-spin states. The high-pressure, low-spin state exhibits a much higher bulk modulus and bulk sound velocity than the low-pressure, high-spin state; the bulk modulus jumps by similar to 35 per cent and bulk sound velocity increases by similar to 15 per cent across the transition in (Mg-0.83, Fe-0.17) O. Although no significant density change is observed across the electronic transition, the jump in the sound velocities and the bulk modulus across the transition provides an additional explanation for the seismic wave heterogeneity in the lowermost mantle(12-21). The transition also affects current interpretations of the geophysical and geochemical models using extrapolated or calculated thermal equation-of-state data without considering the effects of the electronic transition(5,6,22,23). C1 Carnegie Inst Washington, Geophys Lab, Washington, DC 20015 USA. Carnegie Inst Washington, HPCAT, Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Inst Mineral Phys, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. RP Lin, JF (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM j.lin@gl.ciw.edu RI Liu, Haozhe/E-6169-2011; Lin, Jung-Fu/B-4917-2011; Struzhkin, Viktor/J-9847-2013; Jacobsen, Steven/F-3443-2013 OI Struzhkin, Viktor/0000-0002-3468-0548; Jacobsen, Steven/0000-0002-9746-958X NR 32 TC 215 Z9 221 U1 3 U2 53 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD JUL 21 PY 2005 VL 436 IS 7049 BP 377 EP 380 DI 10.1038/nature03825 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 947DK UT WOS:000230623400039 PM 16034415 ER PT J AU Fadley, CS AF Fadley, CS TI X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and diffraction in the hard X-ray regime: Fundamental considerations and future possibilities SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Hard X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy CY SEP 11-12, 2003 CL Grenoble, FRANCE SP ESRF, FOCUS GmbH, Gammadata Scienta, MB Sci AB, SPECS GmbH DE photoelectron spectroscopy; photoelectron diffraction; electronic structure; hard X-rays; synchrotron radiation ID MEAN FREE PATHS; PHOTOEMISSION-SPECTROSCOPY; RESOLVED PHOTOEMISSION; ELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; VALENCE-BAND; REFLECTION; SURFACE; RANGE; TRANSITIONS; RADIATION AB The prospects for extending X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray photoelectron diffraction (XPD) measurements into the hard X-ray regime of 5-15 keV excitation energies are discussed from a fundamental point of view, in some cases using prior results obtained in the 1-2 keV range as starting points of discussion, together with theoretical estimates of behavior at higher energies. Subjects treated are: the instrumentation improvements needed to optimize peak intensities; the tuning of experimental conditions to achieve bulk or surface sensitivity; the use of grazing incidence to suppress spectral backgrounds; the use of standing waves created by Bragg reflection from crystal planes or synthetic multilayers to achieve position-sensitive densities of states, compositions, and magnetizations; photoelectron diffraction and Kikuchi-band effects as element-specific local structure probes; and valence-level measurements, including the role of non-dipole effects and mechanisms leading to complete Brillouin zone averaging and density-of-states like spectra. Several distinct advantages are found for such high-energy extensions of the XPS and XPD techniques. (c) 2005 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Fadley, CS (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Div Sci Mat, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM fadley@physics.ucdavis.edu NR 38 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 7 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 21 PY 2005 VL 547 IS 1 BP 24 EP 41 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2005.05.009 PG 18 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 953KK UT WOS:000231075000004 ER PT J AU Kotani, A Parlebas, JC Le Fevre, P Chandesris, D Magnan, H Asakura, K Harada, I Ogasawara, H AF Kotani, A Parlebas, JC Le Fevre, P Chandesris, D Magnan, H Asakura, K Harada, I Ogasawara, H TI Theory of hard X-ray resonant photoelectron emission and related spectra in mixed valence Ce compounds SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Hard X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy CY SEP 11-12, 2003 CL Grenoble, FRANCE SP ESRF, FOCUS GmbH, Gammadata Scienta, MB Sci AB, SPECS GmbH DE hard X-ray resonant photoelectron emission; mixed valence Ce compound; surface/bulk effects; resonant X-ray emission spectroscopy; magnetic circular dichroism ID MAGNETIC CIRCULAR-DICHROISM; CORE-LEVEL XPS; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; SPECTROSCOPY; PHOTOEMISSION; SURFACE; CEFE2; CEPD7; EDGE; BIS AB Analyses of hard X-ray resonant photoelectron emission spectroscopy (HAX-R-PES) and related spectroscopies such as X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and resonant X-ray emission spectroscopy (RXES) are made for mixed valence Ce compounds with single impurity Anderson model. First, the spectra of Ce 2p(3/2) XAS (L-3 XAS) and the conventional Ce 3d X-ray photoelectron emission spectroscopy (XPS) are analyzed for CePd7, taking into account the bulk/surface sensitivity in XPS. Then it is shown that the bulk properties are more directly obtained from the Ce 3d HAX-RPES spectra, in which the Cc 2p-5d excitation is followed by the Cc 2p3d5d Auger decay. Furthermore, the Ce 3d HAX-RPES can reveal some hidden structures in the Ce L-3 XAS. From the analysis of the Ce HAX-RPES for CeRh3, we reveal the existence of the Ce 42 contribution in the L-3 XAS, and confirm an important role of the Coulomb interaction U-fd between Ce 4f and 5d elctrons in the XAS structure. For ferromagnetic mixed valence Ce compound CeFe2, the spectra of the CeL3 XAS and its magnetic circular dichroism (MCD-XAS) are analyzed, and the effect of U-fd is also important in explaining the relative peak positions of the XAS and MCD-XAS. Finally, the MCD in RXES (MCD-RXES) is calculated for CeFe2, and it is predicted theoretically that the excitation spectrum of MCD-RXES can also reveal the hidden structure of the 4f(2) configuration in the Ce L-3 XAS (and MCD-XAS) spectrum. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 RIKEN, Harima Inst, Mikazuki, Hyogo 6795148, Japan. Inst Mat Struct Sci, Photon Factory, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. CNRS, IPCMS, UM 7504, F-67034 Strasbourg, France. Univ Paris 11, CNRS, Lab Utilisat Rayonnement Electromagnet, F-91898 Orsay, France. SOLEIL, F-91192 Gif Sur Yvette, France. CEA, SPCSI, F-91192 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Okayama Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Phys, Okayama 7008530, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Inst Solid State Phys, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778581, Japan. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60438 USA. No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. RP Kotani, A (reprint author), RIKEN, Harima Inst, 1-1-1 Kouto, Mikazuki, Hyogo 6795148, Japan. EM kotani@spring8.or.jp NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 21 PY 2005 VL 547 IS 1 BP 124 EP 135 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2005.05.018 PG 12 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 953KK UT WOS:000231075000013 ER PT J AU Qi, JY Huesman, RH AF Qi, JY Huesman, RH TI Effect of errors in the system matrix on maximum a posteriori image reconstruction SO PHYSICS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID EMISSION COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; MONTE-CARLO; SCATTER CORRECTION; ATTENUATION COMPENSATION; SPECT RECONSTRUCTION; OPTICAL TOMOGRAPHY; PERFUSION SPECT; TRANSMISSION; RESTORATION; LIKELIHOOD AB Statistically based iterative image reconstruction methods have been developed for emission tomography. One important component in iterative image reconstruction is the system matrix, which defines the mapping from the image space to the data space. Several groups have demonstrated that an accurate system matrix can improve image quality in both single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET). While iterative methods are amenable to arbitrary and complicated system models, the true system response is never known exactly. In practice, one also has to sacrifice the accuracy of the system model because of limited computing and imaging resources. This paper analyses the effect of errors in the system matrix on iterative image reconstruction methods that are based on the maximum a posteriori principle. We derived an analytical expression for calculating artefacts in a reconstructed image that are caused by errors in the system matrix using the first-order Taylor series approximation. The theoretical expression is used to determine the required minimum accuracy of the system matrix in emission tomography. Computer simulations show that the theoretical results work reasonably well in low-noise situations. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Biomed Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Funct Imaging, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Qi, JY (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Biomed Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM qi@ucdavis.edu RI Qi, Jinyi/A-1768-2010 OI Qi, Jinyi/0000-0002-5428-0322 FU NIBIB NIH HHS [R01 EB000194, R01 EB00194] NR 51 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0031-9155 J9 PHYS MED BIOL JI Phys. Med. Biol. PD JUL 21 PY 2005 VL 50 IS 14 BP 3297 EP 3312 DI 10.1088/0031-9155/50/14/007 PG 16 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 952ZA UT WOS:000231043800007 PM 16177510 ER PT J AU Ossadtchi, A Mosher, JC Sutherling, WW Greenblatt, R Leahy, RM AF Ossadtchi, A Mosher, JC Sutherling, WW Greenblatt, R Leahy, RM TI Hidden Markov modelling of spike propagation from interictal MEG data SO PHYSICS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INDEPENDENT COMPONENT ANALYSIS; LOCALIZATION; MAGNETOENCEPHALOGRAPHY; ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY; FOCI; EEG AB For patients with partial epilepsy, automatic spike detection techniques applied to interictal MEG data often discover several potentially epileptogenic brain regions. An important determination in treatment planning is which of these detected regions are most likely to be the primary sources of epileptogenic activity. Analysis of the patterns of propagation activity between the detected regions may allow for detection of these primary epileptic foci. We describe the use of hidden Markov models (HMM) for estimation of the propagation patterns between several spiking regions from interictal MEG data. Analysis of the estimated transition probability matrix allows us to make inferences regarding the propagation pattern of the abnormal activity and determine the most likely region of its origin. The proposed HMM paradigm allows for a simple incorporation of the spike detector specificity and sensitivity characteristics. We develop bounds on performance for the case of perfect detection. We also apply the technique to simulated data sets in order to study the robustness of the method to the non-ideal specificity-sensitivity characteristics of the event detectors and compare results with the lower bounds. Our study demonstrates robustness of the proposed technique to event detection errors. We conclude with an example of the application of this method to a single patient. C1 Source Signal Imaging Inc, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biol & Quantum Phys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Huntingtonn Mem Hosp, Epilepsy & Brain Mapping Program, Pasadena, CA 91105 USA. Univ So Calif, Inst Signal & Image Proc, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. RP Ossadtchi, A (reprint author), Source Signal Imaging Inc, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. EM leahy@sipi.usc.edu RI Ossadtchi, Alexei/M-9067-2013 FU NIBIB NIH HHS [R01-EB002010]; NINDS NIH HHS [R43-NS051056, R01-NS020806] NR 24 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0031-9155 J9 PHYS MED BIOL JI Phys. Med. Biol. PD JUL 21 PY 2005 VL 50 IS 14 BP 3447 EP 3469 DI 10.1088/0031-9155/50/14/017 PG 23 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 952ZA UT WOS:000231043800017 PM 16177520 ER PT J AU Abbasi, RU Abu-Zayyad, T Amman, JF Archbold, G Atkins, R Bellido, JA Belov, K Belz, JW Ben Zvi, SY Bergman, DR Burt, GW Cao, Z Clay, RW Connolly, BC Deng, W Dawson, BR Fedorova, Y Findlay, J Finley, CB Hanlon, WF Hoffman, CM Hughes, GA Holzscheiter, MH Huntemeyer, P Jui, CCH Kim, K Kirn, MA Loh, EG Maestas, MM Manago, N Marek, LJ Martens, K Matthews, JAJ Matthews, JN O'Neill, A Painter, CA Perera, L Reil, K Riehle, R Roberts, M Sasaki, M Schnetzer, SR Simpson, KM Sinnis, G Smith, JD Snow, R Sokolsky, P Song, C Springer, RW Stokes, BT Thomas, JR Thomas, SB Thomson, GB Tupa, D Westerhoff, S Wiencke, LR Zech, A AF Abbasi, RU Abu-Zayyad, T Amman, JF Archbold, G Atkins, R Bellido, JA Belov, K Belz, JW Ben Zvi, SY Bergman, DR Burt, GW Cao, Z Clay, RW Connolly, BC Deng, W Dawson, BR Fedorova, Y Findlay, J Finley, CB Hanlon, WF Hoffman, CM Hughes, GA Holzscheiter, MH Huntemeyer, P Jui, CCH Kim, K Kirn, MA Loh, EG Maestas, MM Manago, N Marek, LJ Martens, K Matthews, JAJ Matthews, JN O'Neill, A Painter, CA Perera, L Reil, K Riehle, R Roberts, M Sasaki, M Schnetzer, SR Simpson, KM Sinnis, G Smith, JD Snow, R Sokolsky, P Song, C Springer, RW Stokes, BT Thomas, JR Thomas, SB Thomson, GB Tupa, D Westerhoff, S Wiencke, LR Zech, A CA High Resolution Fly's Eye Collabor TI Observation of the ankle and evidence for a high-energy break in the cosmic ray spectrum SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID RESOLUTION FLYS-EYE; ORIGIN; ARRAY AB We have measured the cosmic ray spectrum at energies above 10(17) eV using the two air fluorescence detectors of the High Resolution Fly's Eye experiment operating in monocular mode. We describe the detector, PMT and atmospheric calibrations, and the analysis techniques for the two detectors. We fit the spectrum to models describing galactic and extragalactic sources. Our measured spectrum gives an observation of a feature known as the "ankle" near 3 x 10(18) eV, and strong evidence for a suppression near 6 x 10(19) eV. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. Univ Utah, Dept Phys, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. Univ Utah, High Energy Astrophys Inst, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA, Australia. Univ Montana, Dept Phys & Astron, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA. Columbia Univ, Nevis Lab, New York, NY 10027 USA. Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan. RP Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, POB 849, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. EM bergman@physics.rutgers.edu RI Song, Chihwa/A-3455-2008; Martens, Kai/A-4323-2011; Belov, Konstantin/D-2520-2013 NR 33 TC 55 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 EI 1873-2445 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JUL 21 PY 2005 VL 619 IS 3-4 BP 271 EP 280 DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2005.05.064 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 943SA UT WOS:000230373400011 ER PT J AU Asatrian, HM Greub, C Hovhannisyan, A Hurth, T Poghosyan, V AF Asatrian, HM Greub, C Hovhannisyan, A Hurth, T Poghosyan, V TI Reduction of charm quark mass scheme dependence in (B)over-bar--> X-s gamma at the NNLL level SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID RARE B-DECAYS; QCD; B->S-GAMMA; B->S+GAMMA; GAMMA; LOOPS; NLO AB The uncertainty of the theoretical prediction of the (B) over bar -> X(s)gamma branching ratio at NLL level is dominated by the charm mass renormalization scheme ambiguity. In this Letter we calculate those NNLL terms which are related to the renormalization of m(c), in order to get an estimate of the corresponding uncertainty at the NNLL level. We find that these terms significantly reduce (by typically a factor of two) the error on BR((B) over bar -> X(s)gamma) induced by the definition of mc. Taking into account the experimental accuracy of around 10% and the future prospects of the B factories, we conclude that a NNLL calculation would increase the sensitivity of the observable B -> X(s)gamma to possible new degrees of freedom beyond the SM significantly. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. Univ Bern, Inst Theoret Phys, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland. CERN, Div Theoret Phys, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Asatrian, HM (reprint author), Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. EM greub@itp.unibe.ch NR 44 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JUL 21 PY 2005 VL 619 IS 3-4 BP 322 EP 332 DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2005.05.080 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 943SA UT WOS:000230373400017 ER PT J AU Wilson, JR Mathews, GJ Dalhed, HE AF Wilson, JR Mathews, GJ Dalhed, HE TI On rapidly rotating magnetic core-collapse supernovae SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE gravitation; hydrodynamics; instabilities; stars : rotation; supernovae : general ID NEUTRINO TRANSPORT; MASSIVE STARS; HYDRODYNAMICS; SIMULATIONS; EXPLOSIONS; EVOLUTION; PULSARS AB We have analyzed the magnetic effects that may occur in rapidly rotating core collapse supernovae. We consider effects from both magnetic turbulence and the formation of magnetic bubbles. For magnetic turbulence we have made a perturbative analysis for our spherically symmetric, core-collapse supernova model that incorporates the buildup of magnetic field energy in the matter accreting onto the proto-neutron star shortly after collapse and bounce. This significantly modifies the pressure profile and increases the heating of the material above the proto neutron star resulting in an explosion even in rotating stars that would not explode otherwise. Regarding magnetic bubbles, we show that a model with an initial uniform magnetic field similar to 10(8) G and uniform angular velocity of similar to 0.1 rad s(-1) can form magnetic bubbles due to the very nonhomologous nature of the collapse. It is estimated that the buoyancy of the bubbles causes matter in the proto-neutron star to rise, carrying neutrino-rich material to the neutron star surface. This increases the neutrino luminosity sufficiently at early times to achieve a successful neutrino-driven explosion. Both magnetic mechanisms thus provide new means for initiating a Type II core-collapse supernova. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Notre Dame, Ctr Astrophys, Notre Dame, IN USA. RP Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 26 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 20 PY 2005 VL 628 IS 1 BP 335 EP 342 DI 10.1086/430297 PN 1 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 948MR UT WOS:000230720500026 ER PT J AU O'Shea, BW Abel, T Whalen, D Norman, ML AF O'Shea, BW Abel, T Whalen, D Norman, ML TI Forming a primordial star in a relic HII region SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmology : theory; hydrodynamics; stars : formation ID POPULATION-III; RADIATIVE FEEDBACK; FRAGMENTATION; EVOLUTION AB There has been considerable theoretical debate over whether photoionization and supernova feedback from the first Population III stars facilitate or suppress the formation of the next generation of stars. We present results from an Eulerian adaptive mesh refinement simulation demonstrating the formation of a primordial star within a region ionized by an earlier nearby star. Despite the higher temperatures of the ionized gas and its flow out of the dark matter potential wells, this second star formed within 23 million years of its neighbor's death. The enhanced electron fraction within the H II region catalyzes rapid molecular hydrogen formation that leads to faster cooling in the subsequent star-forming halos than in the first halos. This "second generation" primordial protostar has a much lower accretion rate because, unlike the first protostar, it forms in a rotationally supported disk of similar to 10-100 M-circle dot. This is primarily due to the much higher angular momentum of the halo in which the second star forms. In contrast to previously published scenarios, such configurations may allow binaries or multiple systems of lower mass stars to form. These first high-resolution calculations offer insight into the impact of feedback upon subsequent populations of stars and clearly demonstrate how primordial chemistry promotes the formation of subsequent generations of stars even in the presence of the entropy injected by the first stars into the intergalactic medium. C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Ctr Astrophys & Space Sci, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Astrophys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP O'Shea, BW (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Ctr Astrophys & Space Sci, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM bwoshea@cosmos.ucsd.edu; tabel@stanford.edu; dwhalen@cosmos.ucsd.edu; mnorman@cosmos.ucsd.edu NR 22 TC 78 Z9 78 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 20 PY 2005 VL 628 IS 1 BP L5 EP L8 DI 10.1086/432683 PN 2 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 948MU UT WOS:000230720800002 ER PT J AU Yan, NQ Liu, SH Chang, SG Miller, C AF Yan, NQ Liu, SH Chang, SG Miller, C TI Method for the study of gaseous oxidants for the oxidation of mercury gas SO INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID ATMOSPHERIC MERCURY; COAL COMBUSTION; FLUE-GASES; SPECIATION; MOLECULES; KINETICS; STATES AB The oxidation rate constants of mercury gas (He) are difficult to determine because He easily adsorbs on reactor walls and the reactions can be catalyzed by the solid surface. Also, the UV light which is commonly used to monitor the He concentration can accelerate the reaction. We have demonstrated a procedure that allows the determination of gas-phase, surface-catalyzed, and photoinduced contributions in the kinetic study of the reaction of He with chlorine gas. By experimenting with several reactors having different surface-to-volume ratios, the relative contributions of gas-phase and surface-catalyzed reactions were determined. The pressure-dependent study revealed that the gas-phase oxidation was by means of a three-body collision process. The third-order rate constant was determined to be 7.5 (+/- 0.2) x 10(-39) cm(6)center dot molecules(-2)center dot s(-1) with N-2 as the third body at 297 +/- 1 degrees K. The surface catalyzed reaction on a quartz window was second order, and the rate constant was 2.7 x 10(-17) mL(2)center dot molecules(-1)center dot cm(-2) sec. The photoinduced contribution was obtained by comparing the He decay rate between continuous and intermittent irradiations. The utilization efficiency of 253.7 nm photons for He oxidations at a chlorine concentration of 6.5 x 1015 molecules center dot mL(-1) was < 6.7 x 10(-4) molecules -photon(-1). C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. RP Chang, SG (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM sgchang@lbl.gov RI Liu, Shou-Heng/B-3391-2008 OI Liu, Shou-Heng/0000-0002-4852-874X NR 30 TC 46 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 22 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0888-5885 J9 IND ENG CHEM RES JI Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. PD JUL 20 PY 2005 VL 44 IS 15 BP 5567 EP 5574 DI 10.1021/ie050377j PG 8 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 946ER UT WOS:000230555700021 ER PT J AU Velu, S Song, CS Engelhard, MH Chin, YH AF Velu, S Song, CS Engelhard, MH Chin, YH TI Adsorptive removal of organic sulfur compounds from jet fuel over K-exchanged NiY zeolites prepared by impregnation and ion exchange SO INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID DEEP DESULFURIZATION; SELECTIVE ADSORPTION; CELL APPLICATIONS; DIESEL FUEL; Y-ZEOLITES; CATALYSTS; GASOLINE; METAL; OIL; HYDRODESULFURIZATION AB NiY zeolites with different Ni loadings were synthesized by incipient wetness impregnation and liquid-phase ion-exchange methods using NH4Y and KY zeolites. These Ni-containing Y zeolites were tested as adsorbents for removing organic sulfur compounds from a model jet fuel containing 510 ppmw sulfur and a real JP-8 jet fuel containing 380 ppmw sulfur under ambient conditions either without reduction or after reduction around 600 degrees C. At the adsorption temperature of 80 degrees C, NiY zeolite containing 30 wt % Ni synthesized by incipient wetness impregnation of NH4Y zeolite was able to clean only about 10 mL of a model jet fuel per gram of the adsorbent to produce a desulfarized fuel containing below 1 ppmw sulfur. Under the same experimental conditions, a K-containing NiY zeolite cleaned about 30 mL of the fuel per gram of the adsorbent. A better sulfur adsorption performance was observed when the NiY zeolite was synthesized by ion exchange and reduced before sulfur adsorption. The reducibility and surface properties of some of the selected NiY zeolites were investigated by temperature-programmed reduction (TPR) and in-situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). TPR studies indicated that the reducibility of NiY zeolite was improved when K was present as a cocation. The in situ XPS studies of unreduced and reduced samples revealed that the presence of K as a cocation in the zeolite matrix helps Ni dispersion at the surface. The promoting effect of K on the sulfur adsorption performance of NiY zeolites was therefore attributed to improved reducibility and surface dispersion of Ni when K was present as a cocation. C1 Penn State Univ, Clean Fuels & Catalysis Program, Energy Inst, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Energy & GeoEnvironm, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Song, CS (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Clean Fuels & Catalysis Program, Energy Inst, 209 Acad Projects Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM csong@psu.edu RI Song, Chunshan/B-3524-2008; Engelhard, Mark/F-1317-2010; OI Song, Chunshan/0000-0003-2344-9911; Engelhard, Mark/0000-0002-5543-0812 NR 34 TC 60 Z9 68 U1 6 U2 40 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0888-5885 J9 IND ENG CHEM RES JI Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. PD JUL 20 PY 2005 VL 44 IS 15 BP 5740 EP 5749 DI 10.1021/ie0488492 PG 10 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 946ER UT WOS:000230555700040 ER PT J AU Kwon, YJ Standley, SM Goh, SL Frechet, JMJ AF Kwon, YJ Standley, SM Goh, SL Frechet, JMJ TI Enhanced antigen presentation and immunostimulation of dendritic cells using acid-degradable cationic nanoparticles SO JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE LA English DT Article DE degradable nanoparticle; antigen presentation; dendritic cells; adjuvant oligonucleotides; cancer vaccine ID PROTEIN-BASED VACCINES; TOLL-LIKE RECEPTOR-9; T-CELLS; CPG DNA; CANCER VACCINES; DELIVERY-SYSTEM; DC-SIGN; MICROPARTICLES; IMMUNOTHERAPY; RESPONSES AB Acid-degradable cationic nanoparticles encapsulating a model antigen (i.e., ovalburnin) were prepared by inverse microemulsion polymerization with acid-cleavable acetal cross-linkers. Incubation of these degradable nanoparticles with dendritic cells derived from bone marrow (BMDCs) resulted in the enhanced presentation of ovalbumin-derived peptides, as quantified by B3Z cells, a CD8(+) T cell hybridoma. The cationic nature of the particles contributed to the increased surface endocytosis (or phagocytosis) observed with BMDCs, which is the first barrier to overcome for successful antigen delivery. The acid sensitivity of the particles served to direct more ovalburnin antigens to be processed into the appropriately trimmed peptide fragments and presented via the,major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I pathway following hydrolysis within the acidic lysosomes. It was also shown that adjuvant molecules such as unmethylated CpG oligonucleotide's (CpG ODN) and anti-interleukin-10 oligonucleotides (AS10 ODN) could be co-delivered with the protein antigen for maximized cellular immune response. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr New Direct Organ Synth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Frechet, JMJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, 718 Latimer Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM frechet@cchem.berkeley.edu OI Frechet, Jean /0000-0001-6419-0163 FU NIBIB NIH HHS [R01EB002047] NR 45 TC 85 Z9 88 U1 3 U2 40 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-3659 J9 J CONTROL RELEASE JI J. Control. Release PD JUL 20 PY 2005 VL 105 IS 3 BP 199 EP 212 DI 10.1016/j.jconrel.2005.02.027 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Chemistry; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 949SE UT WOS:000230807600002 PM 15935507 ER PT J AU Berryman, JG AF Berryman, JG TI Pore fluid effects on shear modulus in a model of heterogeneous rocks, reservoirs, and granular media SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH LA English DT Article ID PARTIALLY SATURATED ROCKS; ELASTIC-WAVE VELOCITIES; VARIATIONAL APPROACH; SEISMIC VELOCITIES; EFFECTIVE STRESS; MULTIPHASE MATERIALS; DIFFERENTIAL SCHEME; RANDOM POLYCRYSTALS; POROUS-MEDIA; BOUNDS AB [1] To provide quantitative measures of the importance of fluid effects on shear waves in heterogeneous reservoirs, a model material called a "random polycrystal of porous laminates'' is introduced. This model poroelastic material has constituent grains that are layered ( or laminated), and each layer is an isotropic, microhomogeneous porous medium. All grains are composed of exactly the same porous constituents and have the same relative volume fractions. The order of lamination is not important because the up-scaling method used to determine the transversely isotropic ( hexagonal) properties of the grains is Backus averaging, which, for quasi-static or long-wavelength behavior, depends only on the volume fractions and layer properties. Grains are then jumbled together totally at random, filling all space, and producing an overall isotropic poroelastic medium. The poroelastic behavior of this medium is then analyzed using the Peselnick-Meister-Watt bounds ( of Hashin-Shtrikman type). We study the dependence of the shear modulus on pore fluid properties and determine the range of behavior to be expected. In particular, we compare and contrast these results to those anticipated from Gassmann's fluid substitution formulas and to the predictions of Mavko and Jizba for very low porosity rocks with flat cracks. This approach also permits the study of arbitrary numbers of constituents, but for simplicity, the numerical examples are restricted here to just two constituents. This restriction also permits the use of some special exact results available for computing the overall effective stress coefficient in any two-component porous medium. The bounds making use of polycrystalline microstructure are very tight. Results for the shear modulus demonstrate that the ratio of compliance differences R (i.e., shear compliance changes over bulk compliance changes when going from drained to undrained behavior, or vice versa) is usually nonzero and can take a wide range of values, both above and below the value R = 4/15 valid for low porosity, very low aspect ratio flat cracks. Results show that the overall shear modulus in this model can depend relatively strongly on mechanical properties of the pore fluids, sometimes ( but rarely) more strongly than the dependence of the overall bulk modulus on the fluids. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808 L-200, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM berryman1@llnl.gov RI Berryman, James/A-9712-2008 NR 58 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9313 EI 2169-9356 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth PD JUL 20 PY 2005 VL 110 IS B7 AR B07202 DI 10.1029/2004JB003576 PG 13 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 951HJ UT WOS:000230919900001 ER PT J AU Chia, EEM Vandervelde, D Salamon, MB Kikuchi, D Sugawara, H Sato, H AF Chia, EEM Vandervelde, D Salamon, MB Kikuchi, D Sugawara, H Sato, H TI Evolution of superconducting order in Pr(OS1-xRux)(4)Sb-12 SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article ID TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; PENETRATION DEPTH; MAGNETIC-FIELD; PR AB We report measurements of the magnetic penetration depth; in single crystals of Pr(Os1-xRux)(4)Sb-12 down to 0.1 K. Both lambda and superfluid density rho(s) exhibit an exponential behaviour for the x >= 0.4 samples, going from weak (x = 0.4, 0.6) to moderate coupling (x = 0.8). For the x <= 0.2 samples, both lambda and rho(s) vary as T-2 at low temperatures, but p, is s-wave-like at intermediate to high temperatures. Our data are consistent with the presence of an additional nodal low-temperature phase at T-c3 < 0.6 K, for small values of x. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Dept Phys, Hachioji, Tokyo 1920397, Japan. RP Chia, EEM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM elbert@lanl.gov RI Chia, Elbert/B-6996-2011 OI Chia, Elbert/0000-0003-2066-0834 NR 25 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD JUL 20 PY 2005 VL 17 IS 28 BP L303 EP L310 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/17/28/L01 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 952LG UT WOS:000231004400001 ER PT J AU Lewis, FD Zhang, LG Zuo, XB AF Lewis, FD Zhang, LG Zuo, XB TI Orientation control of fluorescence resonance energy transfer using DNA as a helical scaffold SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-TRANSFER; DONOR; HAIRPINS; LINKERS; PAIRS C1 Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Lewis, FD (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. EM lewis@chem.northwestern.edu RI Zuo, Xiaobing/F-1469-2010; OI Zuo, Xiaobing/0000-0002-0134-4804 NR 18 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JUL 20 PY 2005 VL 127 IS 28 BP 10002 EP 10003 DI 10.1021/ja0524402 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 947PG UT WOS:000230657900028 PM 16011355 ER PT J AU Pao, HY AF Pao, HY TI Probability-density function for total fields in a straight PEC rough-wall tunnel SO MICROWAVE AND OPTICAL TECHNOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE rough wall tunnel; wave propagation in tunnel; probability density function AB The probability-density function for the amplitude of the total field in a straight perfect electrical conductor (PEC) rough-wall tunnel is deduced front the mathematical models of random electromagnetic fields for the first time. The single-modal-field amplitude is Ricean distributed in the tunnel. This distribution is approximated as a Gaussian distribution. The probability-density functions for the total-field amplitude are the convolutions of the probability-density functions of each mode, and are Gaussian distributed. (c) 2005 Wiley periodicals, Inc. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Pao, HY (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0895-2477 J9 MICROW OPT TECHN LET JI Microw. Opt. Technol. Lett. PD JUL 20 PY 2005 VL 46 IS 2 BP 128 EP 132 DI 10.1002/mop.20921 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA 934VD UT WOS:000229736100010 ER PT J AU English, NJ AF English, NJ TI Molecular dynamics simulations of liquid water using various long range electrostatics techniques SO MOLECULAR PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID EXTERNAL ELECTROMAGNETIC-FIELDS; EFFECTIVE PAIR POTENTIALS; MONTE-CARLO SIMULATIONS; HYDROGEN-BOND KINETICS; COMPUTER-SIMULATIONS; DIELECTRIC-PROPERTIES; FLUCTUATING CHARGE; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; POLAR SYSTEMS; MODEL AB Water is one of the most extensively studied molecules, owing to its crucial role in biological processes. The water molecule is both highly polar and highly polarizable. Properties of water computed from molecular simulations are therefore critically dependent on both the intermolecular potential and the method for computing long-range electrostatic corrections. In this paper, the effects of the potential and the long-range electrostatic corrections are quantified for liquid water from 260 to 400 K. Simulations were carried out for a system of 256 molecules in the NVT ensemble. Thermodynamic, structural, dynamical, hydrogen bonding and dielectric properties have been computed for the flexible SPC and rigid SPC, SPC/E, TIP4P, TIP4P-Ew and TIP4P-FQ potentials, using the Lekner, Ewald and reaction field techniques to handle long-range electrostatics. The Lekner method gave the best overall agreement with experimental data, while the reaction field approach produced poorer results. Some measurable differences were found between the Lekner and Ewald techniques. For dielectric properties, the performance of the TIP4P-FQ model was superior relative to other potentials. For 256 molecules, the computational speeds of the Ewald and reaction field methods were found to be 2.5 to 3 times and 3.5 to 5 times faster than the Lekner technique, respectively. C1 US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Chem Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. RP English, NJ (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, POB 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. EM nenglish@chemcomp.com NR 57 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 10 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0026-8976 J9 MOL PHYS JI Mol. Phys. PD JUL 20 PY 2005 VL 103 IS 14 BP 1945 EP 1960 DI 10.1080/00268970500105003 PG 16 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 940GJ UT WOS:000230131400009 ER PT J AU Kim, J Dohnalek, Z Kay, BD AF Kim, J Dohnalek, Z Kay, BD TI Structural characterization of nanoporous Pd films grown via ballistic deposition SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE scanning electron microscopy (SEM); thermal desorption spectroscopy; growth; surface structure; morphology; roughness and topography; palladium; nitrogen molecule; dendritic and/or fractile surfaces ID GLANCING ANGLE DEPOSITION; AMORPHOUS SOLID WATER; SCULPTURED THIN-FILMS; MOLECULAR-BEAMS; GAS-PHASE; PALLADIUM; SURFACE; ADSORPTION; MORPHOLOGY; CLUSTERS AB Nanoporous Pd films were vapor-deposited onto an oxidized Mo(I 00) substrate at 22 K and various dosing angles. Temperature programmed desorption (TPD) of N-2 was used to determine the surface area of the Pd films immediately after deposition at 22 K, and following annealing. The surface area of Pd films was found to depend dramatically on the Pd dosing angle and annealing temperature. Pd films grown at 22 K with a 85 degrees deposition angle exhibit the highest surface area of 120 m(2)/g. Ex situ SEM imaging reveals that these films consist of a tilted array of nanocrystalline filaments. The annealing studies show that the films densify upon annealing and lose approximately 50% of their surface area by 300 K and are almost completely dense by 500 K. Pd deposition at elevated temperatures (< 300 K) produces denser Pd films compared to those grown at 22 K. Growth above 300 K leads to dewetting of Pd from the substrate. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental Sci Directorate, Div Chem Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Dohnalek, Z (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental Sci Directorate, Div Chem Sci, POB 999,Mail Stop K8-88, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM zdenek.dohnalek@pnl.gov; bruce.kay@pnl.gov OI Dohnalek, Zdenek/0000-0002-5999-7867 NR 58 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD JUL 20 PY 2005 VL 586 IS 1-3 BP 137 EP 145 DI 10.1016/j.susc.2005.05.008 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 942OC UT WOS:000230290700014 ER PT J AU Semin, BK Lovyagina, ER Timofeev, KN Ivanov, II Rubin, AB Seibert, M AF Semin, BK Lovyagina, ER Timofeev, KN Ivanov, II Rubin, AB Seibert, M TI Iron-blocking the high-affinity Mn-binding site in photosystem II facilitates identification of the type of hydrogen bond participating in proton-coupled electron transport via Y-Z(center dot) SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID OXYGEN-EVOLVING COMPLEX; WATER-OXIDIZING COMPLEX; TYROSINE Y-Z; AMINO-ACID-RESIDUES; ENZYME ACTIVE-SITE; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; MANGANESE CLUSTER; EXOGENOUS REDUCTANTS; REDUCTION KINETICS; MEMBRANE-FRAGMENTS AB Incubation of Mn-depleted PSII membranes [PSII(-Mn)] with Fe(II) is accompanied by the blocking of Y-Z(center dot) at the high-affinity Mn-binding site to exogenous electron donors [Semin et al. (2002) Biochemistry 41, 5854-5864] and a shift of the pK(app) of the hydrogen bond partner for Y-Z (base B) from 7.1 to 6.1 [Semin, B. K., and Seibert, M. (2004) Biochemistry 43, 6772-6782]. Here we calculate activation energies (E-a) for Y-Z(center dot) reduction in PSII(-Mn) and Fe-blocked PSII(-Mn) samples [PSII(-Mn, +Fe)] from temperature dependencies of the rate constants of the fast and slow components of the flash-probe fluorescence decay kinetics. At pH < pK(app) (e.g., 5.5), the decays are fit with one (fast) component in both types of samples, and E-a is equal to 42.2 +/- 2.9 kJ/mol in PSII(-Mn) and 46.4 +/- 3.3 kJ/mol in PSII(-Mn, +Fe) membranes. At pH > pK(app), the decay kinetics exhibit an additional slow component in PSII(-Mn, +Fe) membranes (E-a = 36.1 +/- 7.5 kJ/mol), which is much lower than the E-a of the corresponding component observed for Y-Z(center dot) reduction in PSII(-Mn) samples (48.1 +/- 1.7 kJ/mol). We suggest that the above difference results from the formation of a strong low barrier hydrogen bond (LBHB) between Y-Z and base B in PSII(-Mn, +Fe) samples. To confirm this, Fe-blocking was performed in D2O to insert D+, which has an energetic barrier distinct from H+, into the LBHB. Measurement of the pH effects on the rates of Y-Z(center dot) reduction in PSII(-Mn, +Fe) samples blocked in D2O shows a shift of the pK(app) from 6.1 to 7.6, and an increase in the E-a of the slow component. This approach was also used to measure the stability of the Y-Z(center dot) EPR signal at various temperatures in both kinds of membranes. In PSII(-Mn) membranes, the freeze-trapped Y-Z(center dot) radical is stable below 190 K, but half of the Y-Z(center dot) EPR signal disappears after a 1-min incubation when the sample is warmed to 253 K. In PSII(-Mn, +Fe) samples, the trapped Y-Z(center dot) radical is unstable at a much lower temperature (77 K). However, the insertion of D+ into the hydrogen bond between Y-Z and base B during the blocking process increases the temperature stability of the Y-Z(center dot) EPR signal at 77 K. Again, these results indicate that Fe-blocking involves Y-Z in the formation of a LBHB, which in turn is consistent with the suggested existence of a LBHB between Y-Z and base B in intact PSII membranes [Zhang, C., and Styring, S. (2003) Biochemistry 42, 8066-8076]. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Basic Sci Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Fac Biol, Dept Biophys, Moscow 119899, Russia. RP Seibert, M (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Basic Sci Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM mike_seibert@nrel.gov NR 72 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD JUL 19 PY 2005 VL 44 IS 28 BP 9746 EP 9757 DI 10.1021/bi047618w PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 944YB UT WOS:000230466000019 PM 16008359 ER PT J AU Williams, PT Blanche, PJ Krauss, RM AF Williams, PT Blanche, PJ Krauss, RM TI Behavioral versus genetic correlates of lipoproteins and adiposity in identical twins discordant for exercise SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Article DE exercise; genetics; lipids; lipoproteins; obesity ID HIGH-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; CORONARY HEART-DISEASE; BODY-MASS INDEX; APOLIPOPROTEINS A-I; RISK-FACTORS; HDL-CHOLESTEROL; OVERWEIGHT MEN; WEIGHT-LOSS; BIOLOGICAL DETERMINANTS; HERITAGE FAMILY AB Background - Lipoprotein and weight differences between vigorously active and sedentary monozygotic (MZ) twins were used to ( 1) estimate the effects of training while controlling for genotype and ( 2) estimate genetic concordance (ie, similarity) in the presence of divergent lifestyles. Methods and Results - Thirty-five pairs of MZ twins ( 25 male, 10 female) were recruited nationally who were discordant for vigorous exercise ( running distances differed by >= 40 km in male and >= 32 km in female twins). The active twins ran an average ( mean +/- SD) of 63.0 +/- 20.4 km/wk, whereas the mostly sedentary twins averaged 7.0 +/- 13.5 km/wk. The active twins had significantly lower body mass index ( difference +/- SE, - 2.12 +/- 0.57 kg/m(2), P = 0.0007) and significantly higher HDL cholesterol ( 0.14 +/- 0.04 mmol/L, P = 0.004), HDL2 ( 2.71 +/- 1.04 U, P = 0.01), and apolipoprotein (apo) A-I (0.10 +/- 0.03 g/L, P = 0.004). Despite the difference in lifestyle, when adjusted for sex, the correlations between the discordant MZ twin pairs were significant ( P < 0.01) for HDL cholesterol ( r = 0.69), apoA- I ( r = 0.58), and HDL2 ( r = 0.67). There was no significant MZ twin correlation for body mass index ( r = 0.17). None of the active twins having an overweight twin were themselves overweight. Conclusions - Behavior ( vigorous exercise) may reduce genetic influences on body mass index. In contrast, genetics ( or shared environment) substantially influences HDL cholesterol and HDL subclasses, even in the presence of extreme behavioral differences. There may be greater individual control over moderate degrees of obesity, whereas low HDL cholesterol may be largely predetermined and less effectively treated by vigorous exercise. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Donner Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Childrens Hosp Oakland, Res Inst, Oakland, CA 94609 USA. RP Williams, PT (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Donner Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM ptwilliams@lbl.gov FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-58621, HL072110] NR 48 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD JUL 19 PY 2005 VL 112 IS 3 BP 350 EP 356 DI 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.534578 PG 7 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 946UC UT WOS:000230597600009 PM 16009789 ER PT J AU DeLucia, EH Moore, DJ Norby, RJ AF DeLucia, EH Moore, DJ Norby, RJ TI Contrasting responses of forest ecosystems to rising atmospheric CO2: Implications for the global C cycle SO GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES LA English DT Article ID CARBON-DIOXIDE ENRICHMENT; NET PRIMARY PRODUCTION; ELEVATED CO2; SOIL RESPIRATION; DECIDUOUS FOREST; ROOT RESPIRATION; FACE EXPERIMENTS; LOBLOLLY-PINE; LAND-USE; TERRESTRIAL BIOSPHERE AB [1] In two parallel but independent experiments, Free Air CO2 Enrichment ( FACE) technology was used to expose plots within contrasting evergreen loblolly pine ( Pinus taeda L.) and deciduous sweetgum ( Liquidambar styraciflua L.) forests to the level of CO2 anticipated in 2050. Net primary production (NPP) and net ecosystem production (NEP) increased in both forests. In the year 2000, after exposing pine and sweetgum to elevated CO2 for approximately 5 and 3 years, a complete budget calculation revealed increases in net ecosystem production ( NEP) of 41% and 44% in the pine forest and sweetgum forest, respectively, representing the storage of an additional 174 gC m(-2) and 128 gC m(-2) in these forests. The stimulation of NPP without corresponding increases in leaf area index or light absorption in either forest resulted in 23 - 27% stimulation in radiation-use efficiency, defined as NPP per unit absorbed photosynthetically active radiation. Greater plant respiration contributed to lower NPP in the loblolly pine forest than in the sweetgum forest, and these forests responded differently to CO2 enrichment. Where the pine forest added C primarily to long-lived woody tissues, exposure to elevated CO2 caused a large increase in the production of labile fine roots in the sweetgum forest. Greater allocation to more labile tissues may cause more rapid cycling of C back to the atmosphere in the sweetgum forest compared to the pine forest. Imbalances in the N cycle may reduce the response of these forests to experimental exposure to elevated CO2 in the future, but even at the current stimulation observed for these forests, the effect of changes in land use on C sequestration are likely to be larger than the effect of CO2-induced growth stimulation. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Univ Illinois, Program Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP DeLucia, EH (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, 265 Morrill Hall,505 S Goodwin Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM delucia@uiuc.edu RI Norby, Richard/C-1773-2012; Moore, David/A-6268-2013 OI Norby, Richard/0000-0002-0238-9828; NR 82 TC 47 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 29 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0886-6236 EI 1944-9224 J9 GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEM CY JI Glob. Biogeochem. Cycle PD JUL 19 PY 2005 VL 19 IS 3 AR GB3006 DI 10.1029/2004GB002346 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 951GM UT WOS:000230917500001 ER PT J AU Kent, MS Yim, H Sasaki, DY Satija, S Seo, YS Majewski, J AF Kent, MS Yim, H Sasaki, DY Satija, S Seo, YS Majewski, J TI Adsorption of myoglobin to Cu(II)-IDA and Ni(II)-IDA functionalized Langmuir monolayers: Study of the protein layer structure during the adsorption process by neutron and X-ray reflectivity SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; ION AFFINITY-CHROMATOGRAPHY; SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS; MOLECULAR-ORIENTATION DISTRIBUTIONS; ULTRAFINE SILICA PARTICLES; SERUM-ALBUMIN ADSORPTION; SOLID LIQUID INTERFACES; AIR-WATER-INTERFACE; CONFORMATIONAL-CHANGES; CYTOCHROME-C AB The structure and orientation of adsorbed myoglobin as directed by metal-histidine complexation at the liquid-film interface was studied as a function of time using neutron and X-ray reflectivity (NR and XR, respectively). In this system, adsorption is due to the interaction between iminodiacetate JDA)chelated divalent metal ions Ni(II) and Cu(II) and histidine moieties at the outer surface of the protein. Adsorption was examined under conditions of constant area per lipid molecule at an initial pressure of 40 mN/m. Adsorption occurred over a time period of about 15 h, allowing detailed characterization of the layer structure throughout the process. The layer thickness and the in-plane averaged segment volume fraction were obtained at roughly 40 min intervals by NR. The binding constant of histidine with Cu(II)-IDA is known to be about four times greater than that of histidine with Ni(II)-IDA. The difference in interaction energy led to significant differences in the structure of the adsorbed layer. For Cu(II)-IDA, the thickness of the adsorbed layer at low protein coverage was : 20 A and the thickness increased almost linearly with increasing coverage to 42 A. For Ni(II)-IDA, the thickness at low coverage was similar to 38 A and increased gradually with coverage to 47 A. The in-plane averaged segment volume fraction of the adsorbed layer independently confirmed a thinner layer at low coverage for Cu(II)-IDA. These structural differences at the early stages are discussed in terms of either different preferred orientations for isolated chains in the two cases or more extensive conformational changes upon adsorption in the case of Cu(II)-IDA. Subphase dilution experiments provided additional insight, indicating that the adsorbed layer was not in equilibrium with the bulk solution even at low coverages for both IDA-chelated metal ions. We conclude that the weight of the evidence favors the interpretation based on more extensive conformational changes upon adsorption to Cu(II)-IDA. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos Neutron Scattering Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Kent, MS (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RI Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012 NR 75 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD JUL 19 PY 2005 VL 21 IS 15 BP 6815 EP 6824 DI 10.1021/la047433q PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 945MU UT WOS:000230507400024 PM 16008391 ER PT J AU Bell, JB Day, MS Shepherd, IG Johnson, MR Cheng, RK Grcar, JF Beckner, VE Lijewski, MJ AF Bell, JB Day, MS Shepherd, IG Johnson, MR Cheng, RK Grcar, JF Beckner, VE Lijewski, MJ TI Numerical simulation of a laboratory-scale turbulent V-flame SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE adaptive mesh refinement; low-Mach-number flow; turbulent premixed combustion ID PREMIXED FLAMES; OBSERVABLES; COMBUSTION; CHEMISTRY; EQUATIONS; METHANE; FLOWS AB We present a three-dimensional, time-dependent simulation of a laboratory-scale rod-stabilized premixed turbulent V-flame. The experimental parameters correspond to a turbulent Reynolds number, Re-t = 40, and to a Damkohler number, D-a = 6. The simulations are performed using an adaptive time-dependent low-Mach-number model with detailed chemical kinetics and a mixture model for differential species diffusion. The algorithm is based on a second-order projection formulation and does not require an explicit subgrid model for turbulence or turbulence/chemistry interaction. Adaptive mesh refinement is used to dynamically resolve the flame and turbulent structures. Here, we briefly discuss the numerical procedure and present detailed comparisons with experimental measurements showing that the computation is able to accurately capture the basic flame morphology and associated mean velocity field. Finally, we discuss key issues that arise in performing these types of simulations and the implications of these issues for using computation to form a bridge between turbulent flame experiments and basic combustion chemistry. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Ctr Computat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Bell, JB (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Ctr Computat Sci & Engn, Mail Stop 50A-1148,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jbbell@lbl.gov RI Johnson, Matthew/F-2672-2010 OI Johnson, Matthew/0000-0002-3637-9919 NR 25 TC 61 Z9 61 U1 1 U2 8 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JUL 19 PY 2005 VL 102 IS 29 BP 10006 EP 10011 DI 10.1073/pnas.0504140102 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 947SE UT WOS:000230665800006 PM 16006519 ER PT J AU Diaz-Avalos, R King, CY Wall, J Simon, M Caspar, DLD AF Diaz-Avalos, R King, CY Wall, J Simon, M Caspar, DLD TI Strain-specific morphologies of yeast prion amyloid fibrils SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE mass per length; scanning transmission electron microscopy; cross-beta ply; [PSI] propagation; nucleated assembly ID SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; FORMING PEPTIDE; PROTEIN; FILAMENTS; TRANSMISSION; PROPAGATION; DIVERSITY; FIBERS; ANALOG; MODEL AB Mass per length (mpl) measurements on single amyloid fibrils that specifically propagate the [VH], [VK], and [VL] strains of the yeast prion [PSI] reveal unanticipated differences in their structures. Many fibrils have approximate to 1.0 prion molecule per 4.7-angstrom cross-beta repeat period, which is consistent with a self-replicating model built by parallel beta-sheet hydrogen-bonding of like prion peptide segments, but other fibrils are definitely heavier. The predominantly straight fibrils of the dominant [VH] strain have a bimodal mpl distribution, corresponding to components with approximate to 1.0 and 1.2 prions per repeat. Fibrils of the weaker [VK] strain, which are almost all wavy, have a monodisperse mpl distribution with a mean of 1.15 prions per repeat. The recessive [VL] strain sample has approximate to 1.05 prions per repeat in single fibrils and includes approximate to 10% double fibrils, which are rare in the duplicate [VH] and [VK] samples. All of these samples were assembled from purified recombinant Sup35 prion protein by seeded growth on nuclei extracted from yeast bearing the three [PSI] strains. Infectious and noninfectious spontaneously assembled fibrils of the recombinant prion protein also display different heterogeneous morphologies. The strain-specific morphological differences we have observed directly confirm the structural prediction of the protein-only prion theory but do not have an obvious molecular explanation. C1 Florida State Univ, Inst Mol Biophys, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Diaz-Avalos, R (reprint author), Florida State Univ, Inst Mol Biophys, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. EM diaz@sb.fsu.edu FU NIBIB NIH HHS [5-P41-EB2181, P41 EB002181]; NINDS NIH HHS [NS24442] NR 36 TC 84 Z9 84 U1 0 U2 5 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JUL 19 PY 2005 VL 102 IS 29 BP 10165 EP 10170 DI 10.1073/pnas.0504599102 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 947SE UT WOS:000230665800033 PM 16006506 ER PT J AU Wang, YS Erdmann, N Giannone, RJ Wu, J Gomez, M Liu, Y AF Wang, YS Erdmann, N Giannone, RJ Wu, J Gomez, M Liu, Y TI An increase in telomere sister chromatid exchange in murine embryonic stem cells possessing critically shortened telomeres SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE murine telomerase reverse transcriptase; telomere signal-free end ID DOUBLE-STRAND BREAKS; DNA-DAMAGE RESPONSE; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; REPAIR PROTEINS; BINDING-FACTORS; BUDDING YEAST; MAINTENANCE; RECOMBINATION; MOUSE; MICE AB Telomerase deficiency leads to a progressive loss of telomeric DNA that eventually triggers cell apoptosis in human primary cells during prolonged growth in culture. Rare survivors can maintain telomere length through either activation of telomerase or recombination-based telomere lengthening, and thus proliferate indefinitely. We have explored the possibility that telomeres may be maintained through telomere sister chromatid exchange (T-SCE) in murine telomere reverse transcriptase-deficient (mTert(-/-)) splenocytes and ES cells. Because telomerase deficiency leads to gradual loss of telomeric DNA in mTert(-/-) splenocytes and ES cells and eventually to chromosomes with telomere signal-free ends (SFEs), we examined these cell types for evidence of sister chromatid exchange at telomeres, and observed an increase in T-SCEs only in a subset of mTert(-/-) splenocytes or ES cells that possessed multiple SFEs. Furthermore, T-SCEs were more often detected in ES cells than in splenocytes that harbored a similar frequency of SFEs. In mTert heterozygous (mTert(+/-)) ES cells or splenocytes, which are known to exhibit a decrease in average telomere length but no SFEs, no increase in T-SCE was observed. In addition to T-SCE, other genomic rearrangements (i.e., SCE) were also significantly increased in mTert(-/-) ES cells possessing critically short telomeres, but not in splenocytes. Our results suggest that animals and cell culture differ in their ability to carry out genomic rearrangements as a means of maintaining telomere integrity when telomeres become critically shortened. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Ontario Canc Inst, Adv Med Discovery Inst, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada. Campbell Family Inst Breast Canc Res, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada. RP Liu, Y (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM liuy3@ornl.gov FU NIA NIH HHS [AG16629-03] NR 64 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 2 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JUL 19 PY 2005 VL 102 IS 29 BP 10256 EP 10260 DI 10.1073/pnas.0504635102 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 947SE UT WOS:000230665800049 PM 16000404 ER PT J AU Qi, L Lee, BI Chen, SH Samuels, WD Exarhos, GJ AF Qi, L Lee, BI Chen, SH Samuels, WD Exarhos, GJ TI High-dielectric-constant silver-epoxy composites as embedded dielectrics SO ADVANCED MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID PERCOLATION-THRESHOLD; POLYMER COMPOSITES; CAPACITORS; BEHAVIOR AB The incorporation of organic-coated silver nanoparticles into an epoxy matrix (see Figure, a-f represent increasing Ag content) results in a flexible 0-3 type nanocomposite with a strikingly high dielectric constant (greater than 300). The composite retains the flexibility and other mechanical properties of the polymer matrix, and may be useful in applications where capacitors are embedded into printed circuit boards. C1 Clemson Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. Duke Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Dept Mat Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Clemson Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. EM burt.lee@ces.clemson.edu NR 23 TC 246 Z9 255 U1 15 U2 137 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0935-9648 EI 1521-4095 J9 ADV MATER JI Adv. Mater. PD JUL 18 PY 2005 VL 17 IS 14 BP 1777 EP + DI 10.1002/adma.200401816 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 947ZE UT WOS:000230685000016 ER PT J AU Hudait, MK Lin, Y Goss, SH Smith, P Bradley, S Brillson, LJ Johnston, SW Ahrenkiel, RK Ringel, SA AF Hudait, MK Lin, Y Goss, SH Smith, P Bradley, S Brillson, LJ Johnston, SW Ahrenkiel, RK Ringel, SA TI Evidence of interface-induced persistent photoconductivity in InP/In0.53Ga0.47As/InP double heterostructures grown by molecular-beam epitaxy SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID VAPOR-PHASE EPITAXY; HETEROINTERFACES; IN0.53GA0.47AS; ABRUPTNESS; DENSITY; MBE AB The impact of interface switching sequences on interface quality and minority carrier recombination in In0.53Ga0.47As/InP double heterostructure (DH) grown by solid-source molecular-beam epitaxy (MBE) was studied. As-2 exposure at the lower In0.53Ga0.47As/InP interface prior to In0.53Ga0.47As growth was found to cause enhanced As diffusion into the underlying InP that correlates with steadily increased photoconductive decay (PCD) lifetimes beyond the theoretical radiative and Auger limit. Low-temperature PCD measurements reveal that a persistent photoconductivity (PPC) process is responsible for the high "apparent" lifetimes. The PPC effect increases monotonically with As2 exposure on the InP surface, implying the involvement of interfacial defects in the carrier recombination dynamics of In0.53Ga0.47As/InP DHs grown by MBE. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Ohio State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Ohio State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Ringel, SA (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM ringel.5@ece.osu.edu NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUL 18 PY 2005 VL 87 IS 3 AR 032106 DI 10.1063/1.1994948 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 946TP UT WOS:000230596000034 ER PT J AU Ma, DDD Lee, ST Shinar, J AF Ma, DDD Lee, ST Shinar, J TI Strong polarization-dependent photoluminescence from silicon nanowire fibers SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID POROUS SILICON; SEMICONDUCTOR NANOWIRES; QUANTUM CONFINEMENT; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; LUMINESCENCE AB Fibers of highly oriented Si nanowires (SiNWs) were formed by drawing from a condensed SiNW suspension. The SiNW fiber, excited at 514.5 nm, produces a strong photoluminescence (PL) at room temperature. The PL spectrum shows three bands at 565-580, 605-640, and 680-690 nm, respectively, which are consistent with the PL of porous silicon. The relative intensity of these bands and the integrated intensity of the PL vary with the angle theta between the electric field of the polarized laser excitation and the fiber axis. The dependence on theta is attributed to the combined effects of the one-dimensional shape of the SiNW and the large dielectric contrast between the SiNW and the ambient. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 City Univ Hong Kong, Ctr Super Diamond & Adv Films, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. City Univ Hong Kong, Dept Phys & Mat Sci, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP City Univ Hong Kong, Ctr Super Diamond & Adv Films, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. EM apannale@cityu.edu.hk NR 21 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 22 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUL 18 PY 2005 VL 87 IS 3 AR 033107 DI 10.1063/1.1996838 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 946TP UT WOS:000230596000053 ER PT J AU van Benthem, K Lupini, AR Kim, M Baik, HS Doh, S Lee, JH Oxley, MP Findlay, SD Allen, LJ Luck, JT Pennycook, SJ AF van Benthem, K Lupini, AR Kim, M Baik, HS Doh, S Lee, JH Oxley, MP Findlay, SD Allen, LJ Luck, JT Pennycook, SJ TI Three-dimensional imaging of individual hafnium atoms inside a semiconductor device SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; RESOLUTION AB The aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscope allows probes to be formed with less than 1-A diameter, providing sufficient sensitivity to observe individual Hf atoms within the SiO2 passivating layer of a HfO2/SiO2/Si alternative gate dielectric stack. Furthermore, the depth resolution is sufficient to localize the atom positions to half-nanometer precision in the third dimension. From a through-focal series of images, we demonstrate a three-dimensional reconstruction of the Hf atom sites, representing a three-dimensional map of potential breakdown sites within the gate dielectric. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Samsunt Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Suwon 440600, South Korea. Samsung Elect Co Ltd, Yongin 449711, South Korea. Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. RP van Benthem, K (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM benthem@ornl.gov RI Findlay, Scott/C-9764-2013; Kim, Miyoung/C-8316-2012 OI Findlay, Scott/0000-0003-4862-4827; NR 26 TC 121 Z9 121 U1 2 U2 26 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUL 18 PY 2005 VL 87 IS 3 AR 034104 DI 10.1063/1.1991989 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 946TP UT WOS:000230596000070 ER PT J AU van Hest, MFAM Dabney, MS Perkins, JD Ginley, DS Taylor, MP AF van Hest, MFAM Dabney, MS Perkins, JD Ginley, DS Taylor, MP TI Titanium-doped indium oxide: A high-mobility transparent conductor SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID THIN-FILMS; COMBINATORIAL AB We report on the effects of titanium doping (0-7 at. %) on the optical and electrical properties of In2O3 using combinatorial deposition and analysis techniques. Maximum mobilities are observed at Ti concentrations of 1.5-2.5 at. % and are > 80 cm(2)/V s in sputtered films. The carrier concentration increased with titanium content to a high of 8.0 x 10(20) cm(-3). Data show that one carrier is generated per added Ti between 1 and 3 at. %. Conductivities up to 6260 Omega(-1) cm(-1) were observed. These remained very high > 5000 Omega(-1) cm(-1) across a wide compositional range. The optical transparency is high (> 85%) in a wide spectral range from 400 nm to at least 1750 nm. The work function of titanium-doped indium oxide varies substantially over the studied compositional range. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Colorado Sch Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP van Hest, MFAM (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM maikel_van_hest@nrel.gov NR 15 TC 77 Z9 78 U1 1 U2 25 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUL 18 PY 2005 VL 87 IS 3 AR 032111 DI 10.1063/1.1995957 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 946TP UT WOS:000230596000039 ER PT J AU Lukyanov, SL Tsvelik, AM Zamolodchikov, AB AF Lukyanov, SL Tsvelik, AM Zamolodchikov, AB TI Paperclip at theta=pi SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article ID CONFORMAL FIELD-THEORY; O(3) SIGMA-MODEL; SCHRODINGER-EQUATION; BOUNDARY INTERACTION; COULOMB-BLOCKADE; SYSTEMS AB We study the "paperclip" model of boundary interaction with the topological angle theta equal to pi. We propose exact expression for the disk partition function in terms of solutions of certain ordinary differential equation. Large distance asymptotic form of the partition function which follows from this proposal makes it possible to identify the infrared fixed point of the paperclip boundary flow at theta = pi. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Rutgers State Univ, NHETC, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. LD Landau Theoret Phys Inst, Chernogolovka 142432, Russia. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Ecole Normale Super, Phys Theor Lab, Chaire Int Rech Blaise Pascal, Paris 05, France. RP Lukyanov, SL (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, NHETC, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. EM sergei@physics.rutgers.edu NR 25 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 EI 1873-1562 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD JUL 18 PY 2005 VL 719 IS 1-2 BP 103 EP 120 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2005.04.040 PG 18 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 942MU UT WOS:000230287300006 ER PT J AU Simpson, CK White, RE Carlson, CN Wrobleski, DA Kuehl, CJ Croce, TA Steele, IM Scott, BL Young, VG Hanusa, TP Sattelberger, AP John, KD AF Simpson, CK White, RE Carlson, CN Wrobleski, DA Kuehl, CJ Croce, TA Steele, IM Scott, BL Young, VG Hanusa, TP Sattelberger, AP John, KD TI The role of alkali metal cations in MMA polymerization initiated by neutral and anionic allyl lanthanide complexes SO ORGANOMETALLICS LA English DT Article ID SOLID-STATE STRUCTURES; METHYL-METHACRYLATE POLYMERIZATION; PARAMAGNETIC-SUSCEPTIBILITY; CATALYSTS; STABILIZATION; REACTIVITY; CHEMISTRY; BUTADIENE; LIGANDS AB Reaction of 2 or 3 equiv of potassium 1,3-bis(trimethylsilyl)allyl (K[1,3-(SiMe3)(2)C3H3] = K[A']) with the triflate salts of Ce, Nd, Eu, Tb, and Yb gives the corresponding neutral bis(Yb, Eu) and tris-(Ce, Nd, Tb) allyl lanthanide complexes in yields ranging from 40 to 80%. These complexes, which have been crystallographically characterized, initiate the polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA), but with poor turnover frequencies when compared with the corresponding salt complexes of the type K[LnA'(3)]. K[A'] itself initiates MMA polymerization, however, and its presence as an ion-pair in the salt complexes may contribute to the activity of heterometallic lanthanide catalysts. C1 Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Chem, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Chem, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Minnesota, Dept Chem, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Hanusa, TP (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Chem, 221 Kirkland Hall, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. EM t.hanusa@vanderbilt.edu; kjohn@lanl.gov RI Scott, Brian/D-8995-2017; OI Scott, Brian/0000-0003-0468-5396; John, Kevin/0000-0002-6181-9330 NR 40 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0276-7333 J9 ORGANOMETALLICS JI Organometallics PD JUL 18 PY 2005 VL 24 IS 15 BP 3685 EP 3691 DI 10.1021/om050098w PG 7 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 945IG UT WOS:000230495600013 ER PT J AU Vecchi, PA Ellern, A Angelici, RJ AF Vecchi, PA Ellern, A Angelici, RJ TI Synthetic, structural, and kinetic studies of [CpRu(CO)(2)(mu(2)-eta(1)(S):eta(6)-DBT)RuCp*][PF6](2): A dibenzothiophene bridge between two ruthenium fragments SO ORGANOMETALLICS LA English DT Article ID DEEP HYDRODESULFURIZATION; CATALYTIC HYDRODESULFURIZATION; METAL COORDINATION; REMOTE ACTIVATION; DIESEL FUEL; SULFUR; COMPLEXES; MODELS; BONDS; 4,6-DIMETHYLDIBENZOTHIOPHENE AB The complexes [CpRu(CO)(2)(mu(2)-eta(1)(S):eta(6)-DBT)RuCp'](2+) (Cp' = eta(5)-C5H5 (3), eta(5)-C5Me5 (4)) were synthesized and shown by X-ray crystallography to contain a bridging dibenzothiophene ligand that is coordinated to {CpRu(CO)(2)}(+) through the sulfur atom and to {Cp'Ru}(+) through an arene ring (eta(6)). Kinetic studies of the displacement of the [Cp*Ru(eta(6)-DBT)](+) moiety in 4 by P(OPh)(3) show that the eta(6)-coordinated {Cp*Ru}(+) group weakens the Ru-S bond, as compared to that in [CpRu(CO)(2)(eta(1)(S)-DBT)](+), and greatly increases the rate of DBT dissociation. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Angelici, RJ (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM angelici@iastate.edu NR 29 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0276-7333 J9 ORGANOMETALLICS JI Organometallics PD JUL 18 PY 2005 VL 24 IS 15 BP 3725 EP 3730 DI 10.1021/om050158y PG 6 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 945IG UT WOS:000230495600017 ER PT J AU Ohtani, S Brandt, PC Mitchell, DG Singer, H Nose, M Reeves, GD Mende, SB AF Ohtani, S Brandt, PC Mitchell, DG Singer, H Nose, M Reeves, GD Mende, SB TI Storm-substorm relationship: Variations of the hydrogen and oxygen energetic neutral atom intensities during storm-time substorms SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID RING CURRENT DEVELOPMENT; PLASMA SHEET; GEOMAGNETIC STORM; MAGNETIC STORMS; TAIL CURRENT; MAGNETOSPHERIC SUBSTORMS; EARTHS MAGNETOSPHERE; ION DISTRIBUTIONS; EXPANSION PHASE; CURRENT SYSTEMS AB The present study observationally addresses the role of the magnetospheric substorm in the storm-time ring current intensification. The intensity of energetic neutral atom (ENA) emission, which is measured by the high-energy neutral atom (HENA) imager onboard the IMAGE satellite, is carefully used as a guide for inferring the change of the ring current intensity. First, a storm event of August 2000 is examined in detail with a focus on a substorm that occurred at the start of the storm recovery phase (as defined by Sym-H). During the expansion phase of this substorm, the Sym-H index recovered ( increased) as the geosynchronous magnetic field dipolarized. At the same time the low-energy (27-60 keV) hydrogen, high-energy (60-119 keV) hydrogen, and total oxygen(<160 keV for this event) ENA intensities increased, suggesting that the ring current intensified. The apparent recovery of Sym-H can therefore be attributed to the reduction of the tail current rather than the decay of the ring current. The substorm-related change of the ENA intensity is examined statistically by conducting a superposed epoch analysis, for which the onset of geosynchronous dipolarization is adopted as a reference time. The result reveals that the ENA intensity tends to decrease before substorm onsets and to increase after onsets, and so does the Sym-H index although its pre-onset decrease is less clear than the post-onset increase. It is therefore suggested that in the course of substorms, the change of the ring current intensity is opposite to what is expected from the change of the Sym-H index. The decay and intensification of the ring current can be attributed to substorm-related changes of the near-Earth magnetic field and convection. Another important result is that the response of the ENA intensity to substorms strongly depends on species and energy range. The variation of the low-energy hydrogen ENA intensity is not clearly organized by the substorm onset, and its relative change is less than 10%. The high-energy hydrogen intensity decreases by about 20% during the growth phase and then recovers to the initial level leaving no significant net increase. In contrast, the increase in the oxygen ENA intensity during the expansion phase overcompensates for the preceding reduction, resulting in a net increase of 20%. The net enhancement of the oxygen ENA intensity suggests the importance of non-adiabatic acceleration associated with near-Earth dipolarization. The timescale of dipolarization is comparable to the oxygen gyroperiod, and therefore the oxygen ions may be accelerated preferably by the associated inductive electric field. It is inferred that the substorm-related energization of the oxygen ions makes an important contribution to the storm-time ring current intensification. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. NOAA, Space Environm Ctr, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. Kyoto Univ, Data Anal Ctr Geomagnetism & Space Magnetism, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Ohtani, S (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Johns Hopkins Rd, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. EM ohtani@jhuapl.edu RI Nose, Masahito/B-1900-2015; Reeves, Geoffrey/E-8101-2011; Ohtani, Shinichi/E-3914-2016; Brandt, Pontus/N-1218-2016 OI Nose, Masahito/0000-0002-2789-3588; Reeves, Geoffrey/0000-0002-7985-8098; Ohtani, Shinichi/0000-0002-9565-6840; Brandt, Pontus/0000-0002-4644-0306 NR 75 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD JUL 16 PY 2005 VL 110 IS A7 AR A07219 DI 10.1029/2004JA010954 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 950DT UT WOS:000230838500001 ER PT J AU Kertesz, V Van Berkel, GJ Granger, MC AF Kertesz, V Van Berkel, GJ Granger, MC TI Study and application of a control led-potential electrochemistry- electrospray emitter for electrospray mass spectrometry SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CURRENT ELECTROLYTIC CELL; ION-SOURCE; ANALYTE OXIDATION; ONLINE; IONIZATION AB This paper discusses continued studies and new analytical applications of a recently developed three-electrode controlled-potential electrochemical cell incorporated into an electrospray ion source (Van Berkel, G. J.; Asano, K G.; Granger, M. C. AnaL Chem. 2004, 76, 1493-1499.). This cell contains a porous flow-through working electrode (i.e., the emitter electrode) with high surface area and auxiliary electrodes with small total surface area that are incorporated into the emitter electrode circuit to control the electrochemical reactions of analytes in the electrospray emitter. The current at the working and auxiliary electrodes, and current at the grounding points upstream and downstream of the emitter in the electrospray circuit, were recorded in this study, along with the respective mass spectra of model compound reserpine, under various operating conditions to better understand the electrochernical and electrospray operation of this emitter cell. In addition to the ability to control analyte oxidation in positive ion mode (or reduction in negative ion mode) in the electrospray emitter, this emitter cell system was shown to provide the ability to efficiently reduce analytes in positive ion mode and oxidize analytes in negative ion mode. This was demonstrated by the reduction of methylene blue in positive ion mode and oxidation of 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid in negative ion mode. Also, the ability to control electrochemical reactions via potential control was used to selectively ionize (oxidize) analytes with different standard electrochemical potentials within mixtures to different charge states to overcome overlapping molecular ion isotopic clusters. The analytical benefit of this ability was illustrated using a mixture of nickel and cobalt octaethylporphyrin. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Org & Biol Mass Spectrometry Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. ESA Biosci Inc, Chelmsford 01824, Essex, England. RP Kertesz, V (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Org & Biol Mass Spectrometry Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM kerteszv@ornl.gov; vanberkelgj@ornl.gov RI Granger, Michael/G-3299-2012; Kertesz, Vilmos/M-8357-2016 OI Granger, Michael/0000-0002-2385-6413; Kertesz, Vilmos/0000-0003-0186-5797 NR 15 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 16 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD JUL 15 PY 2005 VL 77 IS 14 BP 4366 EP 4373 DI 10.1021/ac0503411 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 945VL UT WOS:000230530300010 PM 16013847 ER PT J AU Li, HW Yeung, ES AF Li, HW Yeung, ES TI Direct observation of anomalous single-molecule enzyme kinetics SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ECO RI ENDONUCLEASE; DNA-MOLECULES; RNA-POLYMERASE; RESTRICTION ENDONUCLEASES; METAL-IONS; REAL-TIME; DYNAMICS; SEQUENCES; MICROSCOPE; DIFFUSION AB We report the direct measurement of the single-molecule enzymatic cleavage rates of ApaI-DNA complex in the presence of various concentrations of MgCl2 solution with total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy. We made use of the native adsorption properties of the two 12-base sticky ends of the DNA molecules to partially immobilize and stretch out the Apal-DNA complex onto a glass surface. Synchronous initiation of reaction was achieved by the influx of Me2+ solution. Once the DNA was cut, the two fragments (38 and 10 kb) would either collapse or further stretch out depending on the solution flow. The time required for cleaving each Apal-lambda-DNA complex was recorded and analyzed. At low concentrations, the higher the concentration of Mg2+, the faster the DNA was cut. However, Mg2+ ion is no longer the limiting factor when its concentration is greater than 5 mM. A surprising result is that at all concentrations the decrease in intact DNA population as a function of time is linear rather than exponential. This suggests that there exists a distribution of Apal conformations around the restriction site. C1 Iowa State Univ, USDOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Yeung, ES (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, USDOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM yeung@ameslab.gov NR 34 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 16 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD JUL 15 PY 2005 VL 77 IS 14 BP 4374 EP 4377 DI 10.1021/ac050408k PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 945VL UT WOS:000230530300011 PM 16013848 ER PT J AU Ford, MJ Deibel, MA Tomkins, BA Van Berkel, GJ AF Ford, MJ Deibel, MA Tomkins, BA Van Berkel, GJ TI Quantitative thin-layer chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis of caffeine using a surface sampling probe electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry system SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article AB Quantitative determination of caffeine on reversed-phase CS thin-layer chromatography plates using a surface sampling electrospray ionization system with tandem mass spectrometry detection is reported. The thin-layer chromatography/electrospray tandem mass spectrometry method employed a deuterium-labeled caffeine internal standard and selected reaction monitoring detection. Up to nine parallel caffeine bands on a single plate were sampled in a single surface scanning experiment requiring 35 min at a surface scan rate of 44 mu m/s. A reversed-phase HPLC/UV caffeine assay was developed in parallel to assess the mass spectrometry method performance. Limits of detection for the HPLC/UV and thin-layer chromatography/electrospray tandem mass spectrometry methods determined from the calibration curve statistics were 0.20 ng injected (0.50 mu L) and 1.0 ng spotted on the plate, respectively. Spike recoveries with standards and real samples ranged between 97 and 106% for both methods. The caffeine content of three diet soft drinks (Diet Coke, Diet Cherry Coke, Diet Pepsi) and three diet sport drinks (Diet Turbo Tea, Speed Stack Grape, Speed Stack Fruit Punch) was measured. The HPLC/UV and mass spectrometry determinations were in general agreement, and these values were consistent with the quoted values for two of the three diet colas. In the case of Diet Cherry Coke and the diet sports drinks, the determined caffeine amounts using both methods were consistently higher (by similar to 8% or more) than the literature values. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Organ & Biol Mass Spectrometry Grp, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Van Berkel, GJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Organ & Biol Mass Spectrometry Grp, Div Chem Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM vanberkelgj@ornl.gov OI Tomkins, Bruce/0000-0001-8520-1415 NR 17 TC 49 Z9 51 U1 10 U2 73 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD JUL 15 PY 2005 VL 77 IS 14 BP 4385 EP 4389 DI 10.1021/ac050488s PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 945VL UT WOS:000230530300013 PM 16013850 ER PT J AU Yang, WC Schmerr, MJ Jackman, R Bodemer, W Yeung, ES AF Yang, WC Schmerr, MJ Jackman, R Bodemer, W Yeung, ES TI Capillary electrophoresis-based noncompetitive immunoassay for the prion protein using fluorescein-labeled protein a as a fluorescent probe SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; COMPETITION ASSAY; CHROMATOGRAPHY; DETECT; PEPTIDES; FRAGMENT; APTAMERS; BINDING AB A novel CE-based noncompetitive immunoassay for prion protein (PrP) was established. Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled protein A (FITC-PrA) was used as a fluorescent probe to tag monoclonal antibody through noncovalent binding of FITC-PrA to the Fe region of the antibody. The FITC-PrA-Ab was incubated with the analyte, prion protein, under optimized condition, forming the immunocomplex FITC-PrA-Ab-PrP. The complex was separated and analyzed by capillary zone electrophoresis. The addition of carboxytnethyl-beta-cyclodextrin in the running buffer as dynamical coating reagent improved the reproducibility and the resolution. The complex was isolated in less than 1 min with theoretical plates of 3.8 X 10(4). Relative standard deviations of peak height and migration time for the complex were 3.46 and 1.48%, respectively. A linear relationship was established for the bovine recombinant prion protein (rPrP) concentration in the range from 0.2 to 2.0 mu g/mL and the peak height. The correlation factor was r(2) = 0.9969. The estimated detection limit for rPrP was similar to 6 ng/mL, which is 3 times the signal-to-noise ratio. The method was successfully applied for testing blood samples from scrapie-infected sheep. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Vet Labs Agcy, Imunochem Grp, Weybridge KT15 3NB, Surrey, England. German Primate Ctr, Gottingen, Germany. RP Schmerr, MJ (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM mschmerr@ameslab.gov RI Yang, Wen-chu/D-3497-2009 NR 28 TC 57 Z9 60 U1 4 U2 16 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD JUL 15 PY 2005 VL 77 IS 14 BP 4489 EP 4494 DI 10.1021/ac050231u PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 945VL UT WOS:000230530300027 PM 16013864 ER PT J AU Li, ZH Jones, Y Hossenlopp, J Cernosek, R Josse, F AF Li, ZH Jones, Y Hossenlopp, J Cernosek, R Josse, F TI Analysis of liquid-phase chemical detection using guided shear horizontal-surface acoustic wave sensors SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ENERGY RELATIONSHIPS; VAPOR SENSORS; RESPONSES; ARRAYS; MODE; COATINGS; DEVICES; SAW AB Direct chemical sensing in liquid environments using polymer-guided shear horizontal surface acoustic wave sensor platforms on 36 degrees rotated Y-cut LiTAO(3) is investigated. Design considerations for optimizing these devices for liquid-phase detection are systematically explored. Two different sensor geometries are experimentally and theoretically analyzed. Dual delay line devices are used with a reference line coated with poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and a sensing line coated with a chemically sensitive polymer, which acts as both a guiding layer and a sensing layer or with a PMMA waveguide and a chemically sensitive polymer. Results show the three-layer model provides higher sensitivity than the four-layer model. Contributions from mass loading and coating viscoelasticity changes to the sensor response are evaluated, taking into account the added mass, swelling, and plasticization. Chemically sensitive polymers are investigated in the detection of low concentrations (1 - 60 ppm) of toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes in water. A low-ppb level detection limit is estimated from the present experimental measurements. Sensor properties are investigated by varying the sensor geometries, coating thickness combinations, coating properties, and curing temperature for operation in liquid environments. Partition coefficients for polymer-aqueous analyte pairs are used to explain the observed trend in sensitivity for the polymers PMMA, poly(isobutylene), poly(epichlorohydrin), and poly(ethyl acrylate) used in this work. C1 Marquette Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. Marquette Univ, Microsensor Res Lab, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. Marquette Univ, Dept Chem, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Mircoanalyt Syst Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Josse, F (reprint author), Marquette Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, POB 1881, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. EM fabien.josse@marquette.edu NR 30 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD JUL 15 PY 2005 VL 77 IS 14 BP 4595 EP 4603 DI 10.1021/ac0504621 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 945VL UT WOS:000230530300041 PM 16013878 ER PT J AU Disselkamp, RS Denslow, KM Hart, TR White, JF Peden, CHF AF Disselkamp, RS Denslow, KM Hart, TR White, JF Peden, CHF TI The effect of cavitating ultrasound on the aqueous phase hydrogenation of cis-2-buten-1-ol and cis-2-penten-1-ol on Pd-black SO APPLIED CATALYSIS A-GENERAL LA English DT Article DE cavitating ultrasound; hydrogenation; isomerization; edible oils ID CARBONYL-COMPOUNDS AB We have studied the effect of cavitating ultrasound on the heterogeneous aqueous hydrogenation of cis-2-buten-1-ol (C4 olefin) and cis-2-penten-1-ol (C5 olefin) on Pd-black to form the trans-olefins (trans-2-buten-1-ol and trans-2-penten-1-ol) and saturated alcohols (1-butanol and 1-pentanol, respectively). Silent (and magnetically stirred) experiments served as control experiments. As described in an earlier publication by our group, we have added an inert dopant, 1-propanol, in the reaction mixture to ensure the rapid onset of cavitation in the ultrasound-assisted reactions that can lead to altered selectivity compared to silent reaction systems [R.S. Disselkamp, Ya-Huei Chin, C.H.F. Peden, J. Catal. 227 (2004) 552]. The motivation for this study is to examine whether cavitating ultrasound can reduce the [trans-olefinl saturated alcohol] molar ratio during the course of the reaction. This could have practical application in that it may offer an alternative processing methodology of synthesizing healthier edible seed oils by reducing trans-fat content. We have observed that cavitating ultrasound results in a [(trans-olefin/saturated alcohol)(ultrasound)/(trans-olefin/saturated alcohol)(silent)] ratio quantity less than 0.5 at the reaction mid-point for both the C4 and C5 olefin systems. This indicates that ultrasound reduces trans-olefin production compared to the silent control experiment. Furthermore, there is an added 30% reduction for the C5 versus C4 olefin compounds again at reaction mid-point. We attribute differences in the ratio quantity as a moment of inertia effect. In principle, the C4 versus C5 olefins has a similar to 52% increase in moment of inertia about C2=C3 double bond slowing isomerization. Since seed oils are C 18 multiple cis-olefins and have a moment of inertia even greater than our C5 olefin here, our study suggests that even a greater reduction in trans-olefin content may occur for partial hydrogenation of C18 seed oils. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Disselkamp, RS (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, 3335 Q Ave,POB 999,MS K8-93, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM robert.disselkamp@pnl.gov OI Peden, Charles/0000-0001-6754-9928; Hart, Todd/0000-0001-8013-0689 NR 8 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-860X J9 APPL CATAL A-GEN JI Appl. Catal. A-Gen. PD JUL 15 PY 2005 VL 288 IS 1-2 BP 62 EP 66 DI 10.1016/j.apcata.2005.04.040 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 947ZG UT WOS:000230685200009 ER PT J AU Silver, GL AF Silver, GL TI Analysis of three-dimensional grids: four- and five-point cubes SO APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTATION LA English DT Article DE interpolation; response surfaces; quadratic coefficients; curvature; cubes ID DIAMOND CONFIGURATION AB The estimation of quadratic coefficients on four or five data in prismatic array has been regarded as impossible. Estimates of these coefficients can be obtained by means of operational equations that use exponential representation. The coefficients are compared to the true values as obtained by Taylor expansions of the generating functions. If the data are monotonic, the accuracy of the estimations may be sufficient to interest experimentalists. (c) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Silver, GL (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663,MS E517, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM gsilver@lanl.gov NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0096-3003 J9 APPL MATH COMPUT JI Appl. Math. Comput. PD JUL 15 PY 2005 VL 166 IS 2 BP 457 EP 463 DI 10.1016/j.amc.2004.06.070 PG 7 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA 939US UT WOS:000230098500017 ER PT J AU Carpene, E Shinn, M Schaaf, P AF Carpene, E Shinn, M Schaaf, P TI Free-electron laser surface processing of titanium in nitrogen atmosphere SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Spring Meeting of the European-Materials-Research-Society CY MAY 24-28, 2004 CL Strasbourg, FRANCE SP European Mat Res Soc DE free-electron laser; titanium; titanium nitride; laser nitriding ID PULSED-LASER; IRRADIATION; METALS; ALLOY AB Surface treatment by means of pulsed laser beams in reactive atmospheres is an attractive technique to enhance the surface features, such as corrosion, wear resistances and hardness. Among all laser types, the free-electron laser (FEL) is relatively new for materials processing, its main peculiarity being the versatile pulse structure, with high repetition rates (the so-called macropulse). We have employed the FEL at the Jefferson Lab (Virginia, USA) to irradiate pure titanium substrates in nitrogen atmosphere. The influence of various experimental parameters (macropulse duration, spot overlap and laser fluence) on the nitrogen incorporation and the resulting microstructures has been investigated. It will be shown that the laser treatment is not only a successful way to form titanium nitride, but also that a proper set of the experimental parameters can efficiently control the growth mechanism and the crystallographic texture of the resulting nitride phase, leading to the synthesis of highly oriented delta-TiN(2 0 0) layers. As it will be shown, the surface features strongly depends on the irradiation conditions: in particular a very smooth, crack-free surface can be obtained with small spot overlap and long macropulses (1000 mu s), while the roughness increases with large overlap and short macropulses (<250 mu s). Accordingly, the degree of crystallographic texture is higher in the samples with the smother surface. Although the nitrogen content at the surface is rather independent of the irradiation conditions (being always close to 50 at.%), the hardness profiles of the TiN coating is influenced by the laser spot overlap and consequently by nitrogen gradient. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Gottingen, Inst Phys 1, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Free Electron Laser Grp, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Carpene, E (reprint author), Univ Gottingen, Inst Phys 1, Tammannstr 1, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. EM ecarpen@uni-goettingen.de RI Carpene, Ettore/A-9162-2013; Schaaf, Peter/B-4934-2009; OI Schaaf, Peter/0000-0002-8802-6621; Carpene, Ettore/0000-0003-3867-8178 NR 21 TC 22 Z9 29 U1 2 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4332 J9 APPL SURF SCI JI Appl. Surf. Sci. PD JUL 15 PY 2005 VL 247 IS 1-4 BP 307 EP 312 DI 10.1016/j.apsusc.2005.01.059 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 939UQ UT WOS:000230098300047 ER PT J AU Zhou, CLE Zemla, AT Roe, D Young, M Lam, M Schoeniger, JS Balhorn, R AF Zhou, CLE Zemla, AT Roe, D Young, M Lam, M Schoeniger, JS Balhorn, R TI Computational approaches for identification of conserved/unique binding pockets in the A chain of ricin SO BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Article ID ACTIVE-SITE; PROTEIN; PREDICTION; RESIDUES; LIGANDS; LIBRARY; TOXIN AB Motivation: Specific and sensitive ligand-based protein detection assays that employ antibodies or small molecules such as peptides, aptamers or other small molecules require that the corresponding surface region of the protein be accessible and that there be minimal cross-reactivity with non-target proteins. To reduce the time and cost of laboratory screening efforts for diagnostic reagents, we developed new methods for evaluating and selecting protein surface regions for ligand targeting. Results: We devised combined structure-and sequence-based methods for identifying 3D epitopes and binding pockets on the surface of the A chain of ricin that are conserved with respect to a set of ricin A chains and unique with respect to other proteins. We (1) used structure alignment software to detect structural deviations and extracted from this analysis the residue-residue correspondence, (2) devised a method to compare corresponding residues across sets of ricin structures and structures of closely related proteins, (3) devised a sequence-based approach to determine residue infrequency in local sequence context and (4) modified a pocket-finding algorithm to identify surface crevices in close proximity to residues determined to be conserved/unique based on our structure- and sequence-based methods. In applying this combined informatics approach to ricin A, we identified a conserved/ unique pocket in close proximity ( but not overlapping) the active site that is suitable for bi- dentate ligand development. These methods are generally applicable to identification of surface epitopes and binding pockets for development of diagnostic reagents, therapeutics and vaccines. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Zhou, CLE (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 E Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM zhou4@llnl.gov NR 30 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1367-4803 J9 BIOINFORMATICS JI Bioinformatics PD JUL 15 PY 2005 VL 21 IS 14 BP 3089 EP 3096 DI 10.1093/bioinformatics/bti498 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Statistics & Probability SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Computer Science; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Mathematics GA 941GX UT WOS:000230204400005 PM 15905278 ER PT J AU Sorescu, DC AF Sorescu, DC TI First principles calculations of the adsorption and diffusion of hydrogen on Fe(100) surface and in the bulk SO CATALYSIS TODAY LA English DT Article DE density-functional theory periodic calculations; chemisorption; diffusion; iron; hydrogen ID GENERALIZED GRADIENT APPROXIMATION; TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; ULTRASOFT PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; BASIS-SET; IRON; METALS; ATOMS; CO AB First-principles plane wave calculations based on spin-polarized density-functional theory (DFT) and the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) have been used to study the adsorption of hydrogen on Fe(1 0 0) surface and in the bulk. It was found that H-2 adsorption takes place dissociatively with a classical activation energy of about 3.5 kcal/mol. In the low coverage regime at theta = 0.25, H atom adsorbs at both two-folded and four-folded sites with a slight preference for the four-folded site. In the full coverage regime, there is a clear distinction between two-folded and four-folded adsorption sites with a net preference for adsorption at four-folded site. The dependence of H binding energy on coverage in the range 1.0 <= theta <= 3.0 was also determined and the corresponding sequence of sites filling has been analyzed. After filling all four-folded sites, it was found that occupation of two-folded followed by one-folded sites is possible while adsorption at nearby mixed two-folded and one-folded sites leads to H-H recombination. The minimum energy pathways for surface diffusion of atomic H between selected pairs of local minima indicate the existence of small classical barriers with values of about 1.9 kcal/mol. These barriers increase slightly with the increase of coverage. When H diffuses from surface to subsurface sites, the corresponding barriers are larger than on the surface with values in the range 7.5-9.5 kcal/mol. At these subsurface sites, the absorption energy is still exothermic relative to gas phase H-2 and increases with coverage. Once H penetrates the first two surface layers, the corresponding diffusion barriers decrease to values close to those obtained in bulk Fe. Absorption of H in bulk bcc Fe is endothermic relative to isolated gas phase H-2 and takes place at tetrahedral sites. The most favorable diffusion pathway among tetrahedral sites was found to pass through a trigonal site and has a low barrier of about 1.1 kcal/mol. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. RP Sorescu, DC (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. EM Dan.Sorescu@netl.doe.gov NR 44 TC 49 Z9 50 U1 5 U2 48 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5861 EI 1873-4308 J9 CATAL TODAY JI Catal. Today PD JUL 15 PY 2005 VL 105 IS 1 BP 44 EP 65 DI 10.1016/j.cattod.2005.04.010 PG 22 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 946MI UT WOS:000230576000005 ER PT J AU James, J Saldin, DK Zheng, T Tysoe, WT Sholl, DS AF James, J Saldin, DK Zheng, T Tysoe, WT Sholl, DS TI Structure and binding site of acetate on Pd(111) determined using density functional theory and low energy electron diffraction SO CATALYSIS TODAY LA English DT Article DE density functional theory; acetate; low energy electron diffraction ID COVERED PD(111); ACETIC-ACID; ADSORPTION; SURFACES; ETHYLENE; DECOMPOSITION; DISSOCIATION; INTENSITIES; MECHANISM; ADLAYERS AB Acetate adsorbs on Pd(1 1 1) as a disordered overlayer. We have used a recently developed LEED I-V technique that allows the structure of disordered molecular overlayers to be examined to determine the structure of acetate adsorbed on Pd(l 1 1). Our experimental results are compared with plane-wave density functional theory calculations. The calculated and observed adsorption geometries are in excellent agreement. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53211 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Surface Studies Lab, Milwaukee, WI 53211 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem & Biochem, Milwaukee, WI 53211 USA. Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. RP Sholl, DS (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. EM sholl@andrew.cmu.edu NR 28 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5861 J9 CATAL TODAY JI Catal. Today PD JUL 15 PY 2005 VL 105 IS 1 BP 74 EP 77 DI 10.1016/j.cattod.2005.04.009 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 946MI UT WOS:000230576000007 ER PT J AU Spalding, KL Bhardwaj, RD Buchholz, BA Druid, H Frisen, J AF Spalding, KL Bhardwaj, RD Buchholz, BA Druid, H Frisen, J TI Retrospective birth dating of cells in humans SO CELL LA English DT Article ID HIPPOCAMPAL NEUROGENESIS; MUTATION-RATE; ADULT MICE; STEM-CELL; DNA; NEOCORTEX; C-14; RADIOCARBON; LYMPHOCYTES; PRECURSORS AB The generation of cells in the human body has been difficult to study, and our understanding of cell turnover is limited. Testing of nuclear weapons resulted in a dramatic global increase in the levels of the isotope C-14 in the atmosphere, followed by an exponential decrease after 1963. We show that the level of C-14 in genomic DNA closely parallels atmospheric levels and can be used to establish the time point when the DNA was synthesized and cells were born. We use this strategy to determine the age of cells in the cortex of the adult human brain and show that whereas nonneuronal cells are exchanged, occipital neurons are as old as the individual, supporting the view that postnatal neurogenesis does not take place in this region. Retrospective birth dating is a generally applicable strategy that can be used to measure cell turnover in man under physiological and pathological conditions. C1 Karolinska Inst, Dept Cell & Mol Biol, Med Nobel Inst, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden. Karolinska Inst, Dept Forens Med, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Frisen, J (reprint author), Karolinska Inst, Dept Cell & Mol Biol, Med Nobel Inst, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden. EM jonas.frisen@cmb.ki.se RI Buchholz, Bruce/G-1356-2011; OI Druid, Henrik/0000-0002-9198-023X FU NCRR NIH HHS [P41 RR013461, RR13461] NR 46 TC 254 Z9 261 U1 2 U2 40 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 1100 MASSACHUSETTS AVE, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 USA SN 0092-8674 J9 CELL JI Cell PD JUL 15 PY 2005 VL 122 IS 1 BP 133 EP 143 DI 10.1016/j.cell.2005.04.028 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 950EC UT WOS:000230839400017 PM 16009139 ER PT J AU Shepard, R Minkoff, M Zhou, YK AF Shepard, R Minkoff, M Zhou, YK TI Software for computing eigenvalue bounds for iterative subspace matrix methods SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE bounds; eigenvalue; subspace; Ritz; Hermitian; generalized; gap; spread AB This paper describes software for computing eigenvalue bounds to the standard and generalized hermitian eigenvalue problem as described in [Y. Zhou, R. Shepard, M. Minkoff, Computing eigenvalue bounds for iterative subspace matrix methods, Comput. Phys. Comm. 167 (2005) 90-102]. The software discussed in this manuscript applies to any subspace method, including Lanczos, Davidson, SPAM, Generalized Davidson Inverse Iteration, Jacobi-Davidson, and the Generalized Jacobi-Davidson methods, and it is applicable to either outer or inner eigenvalues. This software can be applied during the subspace iterations in order to truncate the iterative process and to avoid unnecessary effort when converging specific eigenvalues to a required target accuracy, and it can be applied to the final set of Ritz values to assess the accuracy of the converged results. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Theoret Chem Grp, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Shepard, R (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Theoret Chem Grp, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM shepard@tcg.anl.gov; minkoff@mcs.anl.gov; zhou@mcs.anl.gov NR 1 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-4655 J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN JI Comput. Phys. Commun. PD JUL 15 PY 2005 VL 170 IS 1 BP 109 EP 114 DI 10.1016/j.cpc.2005.01.019 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 944TA UT WOS:000230450900008 ER PT J AU Elso, CM Tarver, AM Lu, XC Stubbs, LJ AF Elso, CM Tarver, AM Lu, XC Stubbs, LJ TI 14Gso: A translocation mutant mouse with a disruption of the Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome imprinted region. SO DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 64th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Development-Biology CY JUL 27-AUG 01, 2005 CL San Francisco, CA SP Soc Dev Biol C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0012-1606 J9 DEV BIOL JI Dev. Biol. PD JUL 15 PY 2005 VL 283 IS 2 MA 138 BP 603 EP 603 PG 1 WC Developmental Biology SC Developmental Biology GA 947YS UT WOS:000230683800159 ER PT J AU Collette, NM Chang, J Harland, RM Loots, GG AF Collette, NM Chang, J Harland, RM Loots, GG TI Overexpression of human sclerostin (Sost) in mice impairs limb development. SO DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 64th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Development-Biology CY JUL 27-AUG 01, 2005 CL San Francisco, CA SP Soc Dev Biol C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Genome Biol Div, Livermore, CA USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0012-1606 J9 DEV BIOL JI Dev. Biol. PD JUL 15 PY 2005 VL 283 IS 2 MA 187 BP 613 EP 613 PG 1 WC Developmental Biology SC Developmental Biology GA 947YS UT WOS:000230683800207 ER PT J AU Gu, BH Yan, H Zhou, P Watson, DB Park, M Istok, J AF Gu, BH Yan, H Zhou, P Watson, DB Park, M Istok, J TI Natural humics impact uranium bioreduction and oxidation SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ORGANIC-MATTER FRACTIONS; METAL-REDUCING BACTERIUM; ELECTRON-ACCEPTORS; REDOX PROPERTIES; FULVIC-ACID; SHEWANELLA-PUTREFACIENS; MICROBIAL REDUCTION; SUBSTANCES; IRON; U(VI) AB Although humic substances occur ubiquitously in soil and groundwater, their effect on the biological reduction of uranium(VI) and subsequent reoxidation of U(IV) is poorly understood. This study investigated the role of humics in enhancing the bioreduction of U(VI) in laboratory kinetic studies, in field push-pull tests, and in the presence or absence of metal ions such as Ca(2+) and Ni(2+), which are known to inhibit the biological reduction of U(VI). Results from laboratory experiments indicate that, under strict anaerobic conditions, the presence of humic materials enhanced the U(VI) reduction rates (up to 10-fold) and alleviated the toxicity effect of Ni2+ on microorganisms. Humic acid was found to be more effective than fulvic acid in enhancing the reduction of U(VI). Such an enhancement effect is attributed to the ability of these humics in facilitating electron-transfer reactions and/or in complexing Ca(2+) and Ni(2+) ions. Similarly, field push-pull tests demonstrated a substantially increased rate of U(VI) reduction when humic acid was introduced into the site groundwater. However, humics were also found to form complexes with reduced U(IV) and increased the oxidation of U(IV) (when exposed to oxygen) with an oxidation half-life on the order of a few minutes. Both of these processes render uranium soluble and potentially mobile in groundwater, depending on site-specific and dynamic geochemical conditions. Future studies must address the stability and retention of reduced U(IV) under realistic field conditions (e.g., in the presence of dissolved oxygen and low concentrations of complexing organics). C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oregon State Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Gu, BH (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM gub1@ornl.gov RI Gu, Baohua/B-9511-2012; Watson, David/C-3256-2016 OI Gu, Baohua/0000-0002-7299-2956; Watson, David/0000-0002-4972-4136 NR 45 TC 82 Z9 90 U1 6 U2 44 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUL 15 PY 2005 VL 39 IS 14 BP 5268 EP 5275 DI 10.1021/es050350r PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 945XL UT WOS:000230536200026 PM 16082956 ER PT J AU Gunter, KK Aschner, M Miller, LM Eliseev, R Salter, J Anderson, K Hammond, S Gunter, TE AF Gunter, KK Aschner, M Miller, LM Eliseev, R Salter, J Anderson, K Hammond, S Gunter, TE TI Determining the oxidation states of manganese in PC12 and nerve growth factor-induced PC12 cells SO FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE manganese toxicity; manganese oxidation states; PC12 cells; induced PC12 cells; XANES spectroscopy ID BLOOD-BRAIN-BARRIER; RAY ABSORPTION-EDGE; OXYGEN-EVOLVING COMPLEX; PHOTOSYNTHETIC APPARATUS; MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; CALCIUM-TRANSPORT; MITOCHONDRIA; SPECTROSCOPY; MECHANISM; STRIATUM AB Excessive brain Mn can produce toxicity with symptoms resembling parkinsonism. This syndrome, called "manganism," correlates with loss of dopamine in the striatum and cell death in the striatum and globus pallidus. A common hypothesis is that cell damage in Mn toxicity is caused by oxidation of important cell components by Mn3+. Determination of the amount of Mn3+ present, under a range of conditions, in neuronal cells and brain mitochondria represents an important step in evaluating the "damage through oxidation by Mn3+ hypothesis." In an earlier paper we used X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy to determine the amount of Mn2+ and Mn3+ in brain mitochondria under a range of conditions. Here we extend the study to investigate the evidence for formation of Mn3+ through oxidation of Mn2+ by ROS in PC12 cells and in PC12 cells induced with nerve growth factor (NGF) to display a phenotype more like that of neurons. Although the results suggest that very small amounts of Mn3+ might be present at low Mn levels, probably in Mn superoxide dismutase, Mn3+ is not stabilized by complex formation in these cells and therefore does not accumulate to detectable amounts. (C) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Dept Biochem & Biophys, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Dept Physiol & Pharmacol, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Gunter, TE (reprint author), Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Dept Biochem & Biophys, 575 Elmwood Ave, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. EM thomas_gunter@urmc.rochester.edu FU NIEHS NIH HHS [R01 ES10041] NR 46 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0891-5849 J9 FREE RADICAL BIO MED JI Free Radic. Biol. Med. PD JUL 15 PY 2005 VL 39 IS 2 BP 164 EP 181 DI 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2005.03.004 PG 18 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 944PL UT WOS:000230441100003 PM 15964508 ER PT J AU Catalano, JG Trainor, TP Eng, PJ Waychunas, GA Brown, GE AF Catalano, JG Trainor, TP Eng, PJ Waychunas, GA Brown, GE TI CTR diffraction and grazing-incidence EXAFS study of U(VI) adsorption onto alpha-Al2O3 and alpha-Fe2O3 (1(1)over-bar02) surfaces SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID INCIDENCE XAFS SPECTROSCOPY; METAL-OXIDE SURFACES; RAY-ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY; BOND-VALENCE PARAMETERS; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; ALPHA-ALUMINA; ISOELECTRIC POINTS; SORPTION COMPLEXES; MINERAL SURFACES AB Evaluation of the long-term health risks of uranium contamination in soils, sediments, and groundwater requires a fundamental understanding of the various processes affecting subsurface transport of uranium, including adsorption processes at mineral/water interfaces. In this study, the sites of binding and surface complexation of U(VI) adsorbed on the (1 (1) over bar 02) surfaces of alpha-Al2O3 and alpha-Fe2O3 have been determined using crystal truncation rod (CTR) diffraction and grazing incidence extended X-ray absorption fine structure (GI-EXAFS) spectroscopy. The available binding sites on the (1 (1) over bar 02) surfaces were constrained through bond valence and steric analyses. On both surfaces, U(VI) forms uranyl-carbonato ternary complexes to surface oxygens that are singly coordinated to aluminum or iron. On the alpha-Al2O3 (1 (1) over bar 02) surface, a monodentate complex results, whereas on the alpha-Fe2O3 (1 ($1) over bar 02) surface, the binding is bidentate to adjacent singly coordinated oxygen sites (i.e., binuclear). Differences in protonation of the singly coordinated oxygen atoms. surface charging, U(VI) aqueous speciation, substrate structure, or the electronic structure of surface functional groups may be the cause of these differences in adsorption geometry. Both XPS and CTR diffraction reveal higher U(VI) surface coverages on the alpha-Fe2O3 (1 (1) over bar 02) surface than on the alpha-Al2O3 (1 (1) over bar 02) surface. This difference cannot be the result of differences in defect concentration alone as CTR diffraction is not sensitive to U(VI) sorbed to defect sites, implying that the ce-FeA (1 (1) over bar 02) surface has an intrinsically higher affinity for U(VI). The surface complexes observed in this study are different from the bidentate, mononuclear complexes typically derived for U(VI) on powdered aluminum- and iron-(oxyhydr)oxides and clay minerals using U L-III-edge EXAFS spectroscopy. However, the presence of monodentate, mononuclear and bidentate, binuclear complexes may have been overlooked in past EXAFS studies on such substrates, as these complexes have U-AI or U-Fe interatomic distances that are too large to be easily detected by EXAFS spectroscopy. Copyright (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. C1 Stanford Univ, Dept Geol & Environm Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Chem & Biochem, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. Univ Chicago, Consortium Adv Radiat Sources, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. SLAC, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Catalano, JG (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Res, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM catalano@anl.gov RI Catalano, Jeffrey/A-8322-2013 OI Catalano, Jeffrey/0000-0001-9311-977X NR 85 TC 67 Z9 67 U1 7 U2 39 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD JUL 15 PY 2005 VL 69 IS 14 BP 3555 EP 3572 DI 10.1016/j.gca.2005.03.044 PG 18 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 947HW UT WOS:000230635000009 ER PT J AU Szego, K Bebesi, Z Erdos, G Foldy, L Crary, F McComas, DJ Young, DT Bolton, S Coates, AJ Rymer, AM Hartle, RE Sittler, EC Reisenfeld, D Bethelier, JJ Johnson, RE Smith, HT Hill, TW Vilppola, J Steinberg, J Andre, N AF Szego, K Bebesi, Z Erdos, G Foldy, L Crary, F McComas, DJ Young, DT Bolton, S Coates, AJ Rymer, AM Hartle, RE Sittler, EC Reisenfeld, D Bethelier, JJ Johnson, RE Smith, HT Hill, TW Vilppola, J Steinberg, J Andre, N TI The global plasma environment of Titan as observed by Cassini Plasma Spectrometer during the first two close encounters with Titan SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MHD MODEL; VOYAGER-1 AB The Cassini spacecraft flew by Titan on October 26, 2004 and December 13, 2004. In both cases it entered the ionosphere of Titan, allowing exploration of its plasma environment. Using observations from the Cassini Plasma Spectrometer (CAPS) and the Cassini magnetometer along the inbound legs of both flybys, we examine Titan's global plasma environment. On both occasions CAPS detected plasma populations distinct from those of the Kronian magnetosphere at about 1 - 1.5 Saturn radii from the moon. Closer to Titan CAPS observed drifting ion ring distributions originating from Titan and, in addition, a corotating flow that was significantly decelerated around the moon due to mass loading. Near the moon, but above the ionosphere, very cold plasma was dominant. We also compare the CAPS data to those of Voyager 1. C1 KFKI Res Inst Particle & Nucl Phys, H-1121 Budapest, Hungary. SW Res Inst, San Antonio, TX 78228 USA. UCL, Mullard Space Sci Lab, Dorking RH5 6NT, Surrey, England. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. Univ Montana, Dept Phys & Astron, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. Ctr Etud Environm Terr & Planetaires, F-94100 St Maur des Fosses, France. Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. Rice Univ, Dept Space Phys & Astron, Houston, TX 77005 USA. Univ Oulu, FIN-90014 Oulu, Finland. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Ctr Etud Spatiale Rayonnements, F-31028 Toulouse, France. RP Szego, K (reprint author), KFKI Res Inst Particle & Nucl Phys, Konkoly Thege Str 29-33,Bldg 3, H-1121 Budapest, Hungary. EM szego@rmki.kfki.hu RI Coates, Andrew/C-2396-2008; Reisenfeld, Daniel/F-7614-2015; Smith, Howard/H-4662-2016 OI Coates, Andrew/0000-0002-6185-3125; Smith, Howard/0000-0003-3537-3360 NR 13 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JUL 15 PY 2005 VL 32 IS 20 AR L20S05 DI 10.1029/2005GL022646 PG 5 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 950CF UT WOS:000230834500001 ER PT J AU Bai, FM Li, JF Viehland, D Wu, D Lograsso, TA AF Bai, FM Li, JF Viehland, D Wu, D Lograsso, TA TI Magnetic force microscopy investigation of domain structures in Fe-x at. % Ga single crystals (12 < x < 25) SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ALLOYS; MAGNETOELASTICITY; MAGNETOSTRICTION; TRANSFORMATIONS AB The domain structure of furnace-cooled (FC) and post-annealed (PA) Fe-x at. % Ga (x=12, 20, and 25) crystals has been investigated by magnetic force microscopy. For both FC and PA Fe-12 at. % Ga, the domains were found to be well-aligned and oriented along the [100] direction. For Fe-20 at. % Ga, although a preferred [100] orientation remained, a difference in morphology was found between FC and PA conditions-in the PA condition, clear dendritic domains were observed. For both FC and PA Fe-25 at. % Ga, a much reduced [100] preferred domain orientation was found, the domain size was notably reduced, and dendrite formation was not observed. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Virginia Tech, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Bai, FM (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM fbai@vt.edu RI Bai, Feiming/K-5762-2013 NR 15 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUL 15 PY 2005 VL 98 IS 2 AR 023904 DI 10.1063/1.1978971 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 951LJ UT WOS:000230931500060 ER PT J AU Cole, MW Nothwang, WD Demaree, JD Hirsch, S AF Cole, MW Nothwang, WD Demaree, JD Hirsch, S TI Integration of Ba1-xSrxTiO3-based active thin films with silicon-compatible materials and process science protocols to enable affordable on-the-move communications technologies SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CIRCUITS; TA2O5 AB Integration of Ba1-xSrxTiO3- (BST) based thin films with affordable Si substrates has a potentially significant commercial impact as the demand for high-frequency tunable devices intensifies. Utilizing a coplanar device design we have monolithically integrated, optimized, and fabricated a high-performance composite bilayer heterostructure, Si/Ta2O5/BST, whereby the base layer film Ta2O5 serves as a passive buffer layer to allow integration of BST active thin films with affordable Si substrates. Optimization of this design configuration was achieved by evaluating two heterostructure processing protocols: (1) a single-anneal and (2) a dual-anneal process protocol. The reliability susceptibility, i.e., the nonabrupt defect-laden bilayer film interface, of the single-anneal protocol deemed it inappropriate for the fabrication of this monolithic heterostructure design. In contrast, the defect-free, structurally abrupt bilayer and buffer layer film-substrate interfaces suggest the dual anneal process to be an excellent method for realizing monolithic integration of BST with affordable Si substrates. This work suggests that the coefficient of thermal expansion mismatch between the Ta2O5 buffer and the BST thin films in the coplanar device design serves to enhance the dielectric tunability of the device. Realization of this materials integration technology serves to promote broadscale implementation of affordable tunable microwave devices across a variety of advanced communications platforms. C1 USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Cole, MW (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM mcole@arl.army.mil NR 14 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUL 15 PY 2005 VL 98 IS 2 AR 024507 DI 10.1063/1.1977201 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 951LJ UT WOS:000230931500108 ER PT J AU Glaesemann, KR Fried, LE AF Glaesemann, KR Fried, LE TI Quantitative molecular thermochemistry based on path integrals SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID GAUSSIAN-BASIS SETS; SHELL PERTURBATION-THEORY; DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; CORRELATED WAVE-FUNCTIONS; CONSISTENT BASIS-SETS; MONTE-CARLO; FREE-ENERGIES; HARTREE-FOCK; SIMULATIONS; FOURIER AB The calculation of thermochemical data requires accurate molecular energies and heat capacities. Traditional methods rely upon the standard harmonic normal-mode analysis to calculate the vibrational and rotational contributions. We utilize path-integral Monte Carlo for going beyond the harmonic analysis and to calculate the vibrational and rotational contributions to ab initio energies. This is an application and an extension of a method previously developed in our group. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Glaesemann, KR (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM glaesemann1@llnl.gov RI Glaesemann, Kurt/B-4841-2010; Fried, Laurence/L-8714-2014; OI Fried, Laurence/0000-0002-9437-7700; Glaesemann, Kurt/0000-0002-9512-1395 NR 60 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUL 15 PY 2005 VL 123 IS 3 AR 034103 DI 10.1063/1.1954771 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 949YW UT WOS:000230825800003 PM 16080726 ER PT J AU Wang, J Yoo, S Bai, J Morris, JR Zeng, XC AF Wang, J Yoo, S Bai, J Morris, JR Zeng, XC TI Melting temperature of ice I-h calculated from coexisting solid-liquid phases SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Letter ID POTENTIAL FUNCTIONS; HEXAGONAL ICE; WATER; MODEL; SIMULATIONS; ENERGY C1 Univ Nebraska, Dept Chem, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Wang, J (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Chem, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. EM xczeng@phase2.unl.edu RI Bai, Jaeil /E-7909-2011; Morris, J/I-4452-2012 OI Bai, Jaeil /0000-0002-9647-6382; Morris, J/0000-0002-8464-9047 NR 17 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 3 U2 23 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUL 15 PY 2005 VL 123 IS 3 AR 036101 DI 10.1063/1.1950647 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 949YW UT WOS:000230825800044 PM 16080767 ER PT J AU Liliental-Weber, Z Tomaszewicz, T Zakharov, D O'Keefe, MA AF Liliental-Weber, Z Tomaszewicz, T Zakharov, D O'Keefe, MA TI Defects in p-doped bulk GaN crystals grown with Ga polarity SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Bulk Nitride Semiconductors III CY SEP 04-09, 2004 CL Zakopane, POLAND DE volume defects; growth from high-temperature solutions; nitrides ID ELECTRON-DIFFRACTION; MG; DISLOCATIONS; MICROSCOPY; PRESSURE AB The nature of defects formed in bulk GaN:Mg crystals grown with Ga polarity was determined by means of phase images obtained by direct reconstruction of the scattered electron wave from focal series of high-resolution electron microscope images. These defects are three-dimensional Mg-rich hexagonal pyramids (or truncated pyramids) with bases on the (0 0 0 1) plane and six walls on {1 1 (2) over bar 3) planes. In projection, the cross-sections of the defects are seen as triangles (or trapezoids). The defects are decorated by Mg on their bases and all six side-walls. GaN growing inside the defect walls shows polarity inversion with respect to the matrix. Due to lower growth rate cavities are formed in the central parts of the defect. It is proposed that lateral overgrowth of the cavities restores the matrix polarity on the defect base. The change of polarity starts from the defect tip and propagates to its base, changing the stacking sequence from AB in the matrix to BC inside the defect. The exchange of Ga and N sublattices within the defect leads to a displacement of 0.6 +/- 0.2 angstrom between Ga sublattices at the boundary between the outside and inside of the defect. Appearance of these defects coincides with the saturation of hole concentration in GaN:Mg at Mg concentration at a few times 10(19) cm(-3). (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Liliental-Weber, Z (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM z_liliental-weber@lbl.gov RI Liliental-Weber, Zuzanna/H-8006-2012; Zakharov, Dmitri/F-4493-2014 NR 28 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD JUL 15 PY 2005 VL 281 IS 1 BP 125 EP 134 DI 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2005.03.049 PG 10 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA 946NV UT WOS:000230580000019 ER PT J AU Gurvits, L Ledoux, J AF Gurvits, L Ledoux, J TI Markov property for a function of a Markov chain: A linear algebra approach SO LINEAR ALGEBRA AND ITS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE kth-order Markov chain; Rogers-Pitman matrix; hidden Markov chain ID FINITE CHARACTERIZATION; WEAK LUMPABILITY; MODELS; AGGREGATION; NETWORKS; SYSTEMS AB In this paper, we address whether a (probabilistic) function of a finite homogeneous Markov chain still enjoys a Markov-type property. We propose a complete answer to this question using a linear algebra approach. At the core of our approach is the concept of invariance of a set under a matrix. In that sense, the framework of this paper is related to the so-called "geometric approach" in control theory for linear dynamical systems. This allows us to derive a collection of new results under generic assumptions on the original Markov chain. In particular, we obtain a new criterion for a function of a Markov chain to be a homogeneous Markov chain. We provide a deterministic polynomial-time algorithm for checking this criterion. Moreover, a non-standard notion of observability for a linear system will be used. This allows one to show that the set of all stochastic matrices for which our criterion holds, is nowhere dense in the set of stochastic matrices. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Inst Natl Sci Appl, Ctr Math, F-35043 Rennes, France. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Ledoux, J (reprint author), Inst Natl Sci Appl, Ctr Math, 20 Ave Buttes de Coesmes, F-35043 Rennes, France. EM james.ledoux@insa-rennes.fr NR 43 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0024-3795 J9 LINEAR ALGEBRA APPL JI Linear Alg. Appl. PD JUL 15 PY 2005 VL 404 BP 85 EP 117 DI 10.1016/j.laa.2005.02.007 PG 33 WC Mathematics, Applied; Mathematics SC Mathematics GA 941ZO UT WOS:000230252900005 ER PT J AU Betz, AL Boreiko, RT Williams, BS Kumar, S Hu, Q Reno, JL AF Betz, AL Boreiko, RT Williams, BS Kumar, S Hu, Q Reno, JL TI Frequency and phase-lock control of a 3 THz quantum cascade laser SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CONSTANT AB We have locked the frequency of a 3 THz quantum cascade laser (QCL) to that of a far-infrared gas laser with a tunable microwave offset frequency. The locked QCL line shape is essentially Gaussian, with line-widths of 65 and 141 kHz at the -3 and -10 dB levels, respectively. The lock condition can be maintained indefinitely, without requiring temperature or bias current regulation of the QCL other than that provided by the lock error signal. The result demonstrates that a terahertz QCL can be frequency controlled with 1-part-in-10(8) accuracy, which is a factor of 100 better than that needed for a local oscillator in a heterodyne receiver for atmospheric and astronomic spectroscopy. (c) 2005 Optical Society of America. C1 Univ Colorado, Ctr Astrophys & Space Astron, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. MIT, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. MIT, Res Lab Elect, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Betz, AL (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Ctr Astrophys & Space Astron, UCB 593, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. EM betz@colorado.edu RI Williams, Benjamin/B-4494-2013 OI Williams, Benjamin/0000-0002-6241-8336 NR 13 TC 66 Z9 68 U1 2 U2 12 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD JUL 15 PY 2005 VL 30 IS 14 BP 1837 EP 1839 DI 10.1364/OL.30.001837 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 944EJ UT WOS:000230408700025 PM 16092362 ER PT J AU Partouche-Sebban, D Pelissier, JL Anderson, WW Hixson, RS Holtkamp, DB AF Partouche-Sebban, D Pelissier, JL Anderson, WW Hixson, RS Holtkamp, DB TI Investigation of shock-induced light from sapphire for use in pyrometry studies SO PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article DE bismuth; tin; pyrometry; sapphire; shock wave ID MODEL-POTENTIAL APPROACH; MELTING CURVE; BISMUTH; COMPRESSION; EMISSION; KBAR; WAVE AB Pyrometry measurements on shock-heated metals are often performed through a transparent window acting as a shock anvil. Sapphire is an interesting anvil because of its rather high shock impedance but is also known to emit light when shocked above its Hugoniot elastic limit (HEL). To study its optical response, we have carried out experiments in which c-cut sapphire (i.e. crystal orientation {0001}) was in contact with a metallic sample (tin or bismuth) or a lithium fluoride (LiF) window. The measurement of emitted light was performed using multi-wavelength pyrometry. In the experiments performed in the vicinity of the HEL of sapphire, the use of a LiF-sapphire compound window proved beneficial. Even though a significant amount of light is emitted over a large wavelength range by sapphire above its HEL, we notice that the signal rise is directly related to the volume of sapphire under shock-loading. Consequently, the light emitted by sapphire can be subtracted, allowing us to infer the true thermal radiation originating from the metal under study. A theoretical calculation of the expected pyrometry signals supports this point of view. These results give evidence that sapphire, despite its significant shock-induced optical emission above the HEL, can be used as a transparent anvil for quantitative pyrometry measurements at medium and high shock pressures. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Commissariat Energie Atom, F-91680 Bruyeres Le Chatel, France. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Commissariat Energie Atom, F-91680 Bruyeres Le Chatel, France. EM david.partouche@cea.fr NR 22 TC 14 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 EI 1873-2135 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD JUL 15 PY 2005 VL 364 IS 1-4 BP 1 EP 13 DI 10.1016/j.physb.2005.02.014 PG 13 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 941ZQ UT WOS:000230253100001 ER PT J AU Pelissier, JL Partouche-Sebban, D AF Pelissier, JL Partouche-Sebban, D TI Pyrometry measurements on shock-heated bismuth using PMMA and sapphire windows SO PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article DE bismuth; melting; PMMA; pyrometry; sapphire; shock ID MODEL-POTENTIAL APPROACH; MELTING CURVE; TEMPERATURE; COMPRESSION; INTERFACES; ANTIMONY; PHASE; RISE AB Lithium fluoride (LiF) is the most popular window material for temperature measurements under shock loading. But it can be interesting also to use polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) and sapphire as transparent anvils. since their shock impedances are, respectively, lower and higher than that of LiF. In the case of bismuth, this makes it possible to investigate under dynamic excitation a part of its (pressure, temperature) diagram, In the present experiments, the metallic plate is glued onto the window and the interpretation is somewhat complicated by extra phenomena occurring at the bismuth-glue interface. Fortunately, on the basis of theoretical considerations, a thorough analysis of the experimental results can be given and their accuracy greatly improved by using data on bismuth emissivity from previous measurements. This allowed us to plot experimental release isentropes and second-shock Hugoniot curves, which proved in good agreement with theoretical predictions. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Commissariat Energie Atom, F-91680 Bruyeres Le Chatel, France. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Commissariat Energie Atom, BP 12, F-91680 Bruyeres Le Chatel, France. EM jean-louis.pelissier@cea.fr NR 25 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 4 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 EI 1873-2135 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD JUL 15 PY 2005 VL 364 IS 1-4 BP 14 EP 28 DI 10.1016/j.physb.2005.03.033 PG 15 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 941ZQ UT WOS:000230253100002 ER PT J AU Marzik, JV Suplinskas, RJ Wilke, RHT Canfield, PC Finnemore, DK Rindfleisch, M Margolies, J Hannahs, ST AF Marzik, JV Suplinskas, RJ Wilke, RHT Canfield, PC Finnemore, DK Rindfleisch, M Margolies, J Hannahs, ST TI Plasma synthesized doped B powders for MgB2 superconductors SO PHYSICA C-SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE superconductors; nano-scale; powders ID CRITICAL-CURRENT DENSITY; MAGNESIUM DIBORIDE AB Gas phase plasma synthesis methods have been used to prepare nano-scale particles of C doped boron powder that are well suited for powder-in-tube (PIT) fabrication of superconducting wire. Mixtures of H-2, BCl3, and CH4 gas are injected into an induction plasma where doped boron powder is formed and collected on a stainless steel screen. The particles typically are similar to 20 nm in size and collect into lacy agglomerates in the 1-50 mu m size range. Pressed pellets of these powders heated in a Mg atmosphere are transformed to the MgB2 phase at temperatures ranging from 600 degrees C to 1200 degrees C. Critical current densities, J(c), at 5 K run from about 10(6) A/cm(2) at self-field to 4 x 104 A/cm(2) at 7 T. At 20 K, Jc ranges from 5 x 10(5) A/cm(2) at self-field to about 10(4) A/cm(2) at 3 T. Samples of pure B powder and B with 7.4%C powder were prepared as PIT wires having a combination Fe inner jacket and a cupro-nickel outer jacket. These PIT J(c) values are lower than, but comparable to the pressed pellet values. The PIT samples can be reacted in times on the order of 10 min and still exhibit greater than 10(5) A/cm(2) at 5 K and 2 T. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Specialty Mat Inc, Lowell, MA 01851 USA. Hyper Tech Res Inc, Columbus, OH 43212 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Mat Sci, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Florida State Univ, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. RP Finnemore, DK (reprint author), Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM finnemor@ameslab.gov RI Hannahs, Scott/B-1274-2008; Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014 OI Hannahs, Scott/0000-0002-5840-7714; NR 14 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD JUL 15 PY 2005 VL 423 IS 3-4 BP 83 EP 88 DI 10.1016/j.physc.2005.04.005 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 946PJ UT WOS:000230584200002 ER PT J AU Acosta, D Adelman, J Affolder, T Akimoto, T Albrow, MG Ambrose, D Amerio, S Amidei, D Anastassov, A Anikeev, K Annovi, A Antos, J Aoki, M Apollinari, G Arisawa, T Arguin, JF Artikov, A Ashmanskas, W Attal, A Azfar, F Azzi-Bacchetta, P Bacchetta, N Bachacou, H Badgett, W Barbaro-Galtieri, A Barker, GJ Barnes, VE Barnett, BA Baroiant, S Bauer, G Bedeschi, F Behari, S Belforte, S Bellettini, G Bellinger, J Belloni, A Ben-Haim, E Benjamin, D Beretvas, A Bhatti, A Binkley, M Bisello, D Bishai, M Blair, RE Blocker, C Bloom, K Blumenfeld, B Bocci, A Bodek, A Bolla, G Bolshov, A Bortoletto, D Boudreau, J Bourov, S Brau, B Bromberg, C Brubaker, E Budagov, J Budd, HS Burkett, K Busetto, G Bussey, P Byrum, KL Cabrera, S Campanelli, M Campbell, M Canelli, F Canepa, A Casarsa, M Castellano, S Carlsmith, D Carosi, R Carron, S Cavalli-Sforza, M Castro, A Catastini, P Cauz, D Cerri, A Cerrito, L Chapman, J Chen, YC Chertok, M Chiarelli, G Chlachidze, G Chlebana, F Cho, I Cho, K Chokheli, D Chou, JP Chuang, S Chung, K Chung, WH Chung, YS Cijliak, M Ciobanu, CI Ciocci, MA Clark, AG Clark, D Coca, M Connolly, A Convery, M Conway, J Cooper, B Copic, K Cordelli, M Cortiana, G Cranshaw, J Cuevas, J Cruz, A Culbertson, R Currat, C Cyr, D Dagenhart, D Da Ronco, S D'Auria, S de Barbaro, P De Cecco, S Deisher, A De Lentdecker, G Dell'Orso, M Demers, S Demortier, L Deninno, M De Pedis, D Derwent, PF Dionisi, C Dittmann, JR DiTuro, P Dorr, C Dominguez, A Donati, S Donega, M Donini, J D'Onofrio, M Dorigo, T Ebina, K Efron, J Ehlers, J Erbacher, R Erdmann, M Errede, D Errede, S Eusebi, R Fang, HC Farrington, S Fedorko, I Fedorko, WT Feild, RG Feindt, M Fernandez, JP Field, RD Flanagan, G Flaugher, B Flores-Castillo, LR Foland, A Forrester, S Foster, GW Franklin, M Freeman, JC Fujii, Y Furic, I Gajjar, A Galyardt, J Gallinaro, M Garcia-Sciveres, M Garfinkel, AF Gay, C Gerberich, H Gerdes, DW Gerchtein, E Giagu, S Giannetti, P Gibson, A Gibson, K Ginsburg, C Giolo, K Giordani, M Giunta, M Giurgiu, G Glagolev, V Glenzinski, D Gold, M Goldschmidt, N Goldstein, D Goldstein, J Gomez, G Gomez-Ceballos, G Goncharov, M Gonzalez, O Gorelov, I Goshaw, AT Gotra, Y Goulianos, K Gresele, A Griffiths, M Grosso-Pilcher, C Grundler, U da Costa, JG Haber, C Hahn, K Hahn, SR Halkiadakis, E Hamilton, A Han, BY Handler, R Happacher, F Hara, K Hare, M Harr, RF Harris, RM Hartmann, F Hatakeyama, K Hauser, J Hays, C Hayward, H Heinemann, B Heinrich, J Hennecke, M Herndon, M Hill, C Hirschbuehl, D Hocker, A Hoffman, KD Holloway, A Hou, S Houlden, MA Huffman, BT Huang, Y Hughes, RE Huston, J Ikado, K Incandela, J Introzzi, G Iori, M Ishizawa, Y Issever, C Ivanov, A Iwata, Y Iyutin, B James, E Jang, D Jayatilaka, B Jeans, D Jensen, H Jeon, EJ Jones, M Joo, KK Jun, SY Junk, T Kamon, T Kang, J Unel, MK Karchin, PE Kato, Y Kemp, Y Kephart, R Kerzel, U Khotilovich, V Kilminster, B Kim, DH Kim, HS Kim, JE Kim, MJ Kim, MS Kim, SB Kim, SH Kim, YK Kirby, M Kirsch, L Klimenko, S Knuteson, B Ko, BR Kobayashi, H Kong, DJ Kondo, K Konigsberg, J Kordas, K Korn, A Korytov, A Kotwal, AV Kovalev, A Kraus, J Kravchenko, I Kreymer, A Kroll, J Kruse, M Krutelyov, V Kuhlmann, SE Kwang, S Laasanen, AT Lai, S Lami, S Lammel, S Lancaster, M Lander, R Lannon, K Lath, A Latino, G Lauhakangas, R Lazzizzera, I Lecci, C LeCompte, T Lee, J Lee, J Lee, SW Lefevre, R Leonardo, N Leone, S Levy, S Lewis, JD Li, K Lin, C Lin, CS Lindgren, M Lipeles, E Liss, TM Lister, A Litvintsev, DO Liu, T Liu, Y Lockyer, NS Loginov, A Loreti, M Loverre, P Lu, RS Lucchesi, D Lujan, P Lukens, P Lungu, G Lyons, L Lys, J Lysak, R Lytken, E MacQueen, D Madrak, R Maeshima, K Maksimovic, P Maladinovic, N Manca, G Marginean, R Marino, C Martin, A Martin, M Martin, V Martinez, M Maruyama, T Matsunaga, H Mattson, M Mazzanti, P McFarland, KS McGivern, D McIntyre, PM McNamara, P Mehta, A Menzemer, S Menzione, A Merkel, P Mesropian, C Messina, A Miao, T Miles, J Miller, L Miller, R Miller, JS Mills, C Miquel, R Miscetti, S Mitselmakher, G Miyamoto, A Moggi, N Mohr, B Moore, R Morello, M Fernandez, PAM Muelmenstaedt, J Mukherjee, A Mulhearn, M Muller, T Mumford, R Munar, A Murat, P Nachtman, J Nahn, S Nakano, I Napier, A Napora, R Naumov, D Necula, V Nielsen, J Nelson, T Neu, C Neubauer, MS Nigmanov, T Nodulman, L Norniella, O Ogawa, T Oh, SH Oh, YD Ohsugi, T Okusawa, T Oldeman, R Orava, R Orejudos, W Osterberg, K Pagliarone, C Palencia, E Paoletti, R Papadimitriou, V Paramonov, AA Pashapour, S Patrick, J Pauletta, G Paulini, M Paus, C Pellett, D Penzo, A Phillips, TJ Piacentino, G Piedra, J Pitts, KT Plager, C Pondrom, L Pope, G Portell, X Poukhov, O Pounder, N Prakoshyn, F Pratt, T Pronko, A Proudfoot, J Ptohos, F Punzi, G Rademacker, J Rahaman, MA Rakitine, A Rappoccio, S Ratnikov, F Ray, H Reisert, B Rekovic, V Renton, P Rescigno, M Rimondi, F Rinnert, K Ristori, L Robertson, WJ Robson, A Rodrigo, T Rolli, S Roser, R Rossin, R Rott, C Russ, J Rusu, V Ruiz, A Ryan, D Saarikko, H Sabik, S Safonov, A St Denis, R Sakumoto, WK Salamanna, G Saltzberg, D Sanchez, C Santi, L Sarkar, S Sato, K Savard, P Savoy-Navarro, A Schlabach, P Schmidt, EE Schmidt, MP Schmitt, M Scodellaro, L Scott, AL Scribano, A Scuri, F Sedov, A Seidel, S Seiya, Y Semenov, A Semeria, F Sexton-Kennedy, L Sfiligoi, I Shapiro, MD Shears, T Shepard, PF Sherman, D Shimojima, M Shochet, M Shon, Y Shreyber, I Sidoti, A Sill, A Sinervo, P Sisakyan, A Sjolin, J Skiba, A Slaughter, AJ Sliwa, K Smirnov, D Smith, JR Snider, FD Snihur, R Soderberg, M Soha, A Somalwar, SV Spalding, J Spezziga, M Spinella, F Squillacioti, P Stadie, H Stanitzki, M Stelzer, B Stelzer-Chilton, O Stentz, D Strologas, J Stuart, D Suh, JS Sukhanov, A Sumorok, K Sun, H Suzuki, T Taffard, A Tafirout, R Takano, H Takashima, R Takeuchi, Y Takikawa, K Tanaka, M Tanaka, R Tanimoto, N Tecchio, M Teng, PK Terashi, K Tesarek, RJ Tether, S Thom, J Thompson, AS Thomson, E Tipton, P Tiwari, V Tkaczyk, S Toback, D Tollefson, K Tomura, T Tonelli, D Tonnesmann, M Torre, S Torretta, D Tourneur, S Trischuk, W Tsuchiya, R Tsuno, S Tsybychev, D Turini, N Ukegawa, F Unverhau, T Uozumi, S Usynin, D Vacavant, L Vaiciulis, A Varganov, A Vejcik, S Velev, G Veszpremi, V Veramendi, G Vickey, T Vidal, R Vila, I Vilar, R Vollrath, I Volobouev, I von der Mey, M Wagner, P Wagner, RG Wagner, RL Wagner, W Wallny, R Walter, T Wan, Z Wang, MJ Wang, SM Warburton, A Ward, B Waschke, S Waters, D Watts, T Weber, M Wester, WC Whitehouse, B Whiteson, D Wicklund, AB Wicklund, E Williams, HH Wilson, P Winer, BL Wittich, P Wolbers, S Wolfe, C Wolter, M Worcester, M Worm, S Wright, T Wu, X Wurthwein, F Wyatt, A Yagil, A Yamashita, T Yamamoto, K Yamaoka, J Yang, C Yang, UK Yao, W Yeh, GP Yoh, J Yorita, K Yoshida, T Yu, I Yu, S Yun, JC Zanello, L Zanetti, A Zaw, I Zetti, F Zhou, J Zucchelli, S AF Acosta, D Adelman, J Affolder, T Akimoto, T Albrow, MG Ambrose, D Amerio, S Amidei, D Anastassov, A Anikeev, K Annovi, A Antos, J Aoki, M Apollinari, G Arisawa, T Arguin, JF Artikov, A Ashmanskas, W Attal, A Azfar, F Azzi-Bacchetta, P Bacchetta, N Bachacou, H Badgett, W Barbaro-Galtieri, A Barker, GJ Barnes, VE Barnett, BA Baroiant, S Bauer, G Bedeschi, F Behari, S Belforte, S Bellettini, G Bellinger, J Belloni, A Ben-Haim, E Benjamin, D Beretvas, A Bhatti, A Binkley, M Bisello, D Bishai, M Blair, RE Blocker, C Bloom, K Blumenfeld, B Bocci, A Bodek, A Bolla, G Bolshov, A Bortoletto, D Boudreau, J Bourov, S Brau, B Bromberg, C Brubaker, E Budagov, J Budd, HS Burkett, K Busetto, G Bussey, P Byrum, KL Cabrera, S Campanelli, M Campbell, M Canelli, F Canepa, A Casarsa, M Castellano, S Carlsmith, D Carosi, R Carron, S Cavalli-Sforza, M Castro, A Catastini, P Cauz, D Cerri, A Cerrito, L Chapman, J Chen, YC Chertok, M Chiarelli, G Chlachidze, G Chlebana, F Cho, I Cho, K Chokheli, D Chou, JP Chuang, S Chung, K Chung, WH Chung, YS Cijliak, M Ciobanu, CI Ciocci, MA Clark, AG Clark, D Coca, M Connolly, A Convery, M Conway, J Cooper, B Copic, K Cordelli, M Cortiana, G Cranshaw, J Cuevas, J Cruz, A Culbertson, R Currat, C Cyr, D Dagenhart, D Da Ronco, S D'Auria, S de Barbaro, P De Cecco, S Deisher, A De Lentdecker, G Dell'Orso, M Demers, S Demortier, L Deninno, M De Pedis, D Derwent, PF Dionisi, C Dittmann, JR DiTuro, P Dorr, C Dominguez, A Donati, S Donega, M Donini, J D'Onofrio, M Dorigo, T Ebina, K Efron, J Ehlers, J Erbacher, R Erdmann, M Errede, D Errede, S Eusebi, R Fang, HC Farrington, S Fedorko, I Fedorko, WT Feild, RG Feindt, M Fernandez, JP Field, RD Flanagan, G Flaugher, B Flores-Castillo, LR Foland, A Forrester, S Foster, GW Franklin, M Freeman, JC Fujii, Y Furic, I Gajjar, A Galyardt, J Gallinaro, M Garcia-Sciveres, M Garfinkel, AF Gay, C Gerberich, H Gerdes, DW Gerchtein, E Giagu, S Giannetti, P Gibson, A Gibson, K Ginsburg, C Giolo, K Giordani, M Giunta, M Giurgiu, G Glagolev, V Glenzinski, D Gold, M Goldschmidt, N Goldstein, D Goldstein, J Gomez, G Gomez-Ceballos, G Goncharov, M Gonzalez, O Gorelov, I Goshaw, AT Gotra, Y Goulianos, K Gresele, A Griffiths, M Grosso-Pilcher, C Grundler, U da Costa, JG Haber, C Hahn, K Hahn, SR Halkiadakis, E Hamilton, A Han, BY Handler, R Happacher, F Hara, K Hare, M Harr, RF Harris, RM Hartmann, F Hatakeyama, K Hauser, J Hays, C Hayward, H Heinemann, B Heinrich, J Hennecke, M Herndon, M Hill, C Hirschbuehl, D Hocker, A Hoffman, KD Holloway, A Hou, S Houlden, MA Huffman, BT Huang, Y Hughes, RE Huston, J Ikado, K Incandela, J Introzzi, G Iori, M Ishizawa, Y Issever, C Ivanov, A Iwata, Y Iyutin, B James, E Jang, D Jayatilaka, B Jeans, D Jensen, H Jeon, EJ Jones, M Joo, KK Jun, SY Junk, T Kamon, T Kang, J Unel, MK Karchin, PE Kato, Y Kemp, Y Kephart, R Kerzel, U Khotilovich, V Kilminster, B Kim, DH Kim, HS Kim, JE Kim, MJ Kim, MS Kim, SB Kim, SH Kim, YK Kirby, M Kirsch, L Klimenko, S Knuteson, B Ko, BR Kobayashi, H Kong, DJ Kondo, K Konigsberg, J Kordas, K Korn, A Korytov, A Kotwal, AV Kovalev, A Kraus, J Kravchenko, I Kreymer, A Kroll, J Kruse, M Krutelyov, V Kuhlmann, SE Kwang, S Laasanen, AT Lai, S Lami, S Lammel, S Lancaster, M Lander, R Lannon, K Lath, A Latino, G Lauhakangas, R Lazzizzera, I Lecci, C LeCompte, T Lee, J Lee, J Lee, SW Lefevre, R Leonardo, N Leone, S Levy, S Lewis, JD Li, K Lin, C Lin, CS Lindgren, M Lipeles, E Liss, TM Lister, A Litvintsev, DO Liu, T Liu, Y Lockyer, NS Loginov, A Loreti, M Loverre, P Lu, RS Lucchesi, D Lujan, P Lukens, P Lungu, G Lyons, L Lys, J Lysak, R Lytken, E MacQueen, D Madrak, R Maeshima, K Maksimovic, P Maladinovic, N Manca, G Marginean, R Marino, C Martin, A Martin, M Martin, V Martinez, M Maruyama, T Matsunaga, H Mattson, M Mazzanti, P McFarland, KS McGivern, D McIntyre, PM McNamara, P Mehta, A Menzemer, S Menzione, A Merkel, P Mesropian, C Messina, A Miao, T Miles, J Miller, L Miller, R Miller, JS Mills, C Miquel, R Miscetti, S Mitselmakher, G Miyamoto, A Moggi, N Mohr, B Moore, R Morello, M Fernandez, PAM Muelmenstaedt, J Mukherjee, A Mulhearn, M Muller, T Mumford, R Munar, A Murat, P Nachtman, J Nahn, S Nakano, I Napier, A Napora, R Naumov, D Necula, V Nielsen, J Nelson, T Neu, C Neubauer, MS Nigmanov, T Nodulman, L Norniella, O Ogawa, T Oh, SH Oh, YD Ohsugi, T Okusawa, T Oldeman, R Orava, R Orejudos, W Osterberg, K Pagliarone, C Palencia, E Paoletti, R Papadimitriou, V Paramonov, AA Pashapour, S Patrick, J Pauletta, G Paulini, M Paus, C Pellett, D Penzo, A Phillips, TJ Piacentino, G Piedra, J Pitts, KT Plager, C Pondrom, L Pope, G Portell, X Poukhov, O Pounder, N Prakoshyn, F Pratt, T Pronko, A Proudfoot, J Ptohos, F Punzi, G Rademacker, J Rahaman, MA Rakitine, A Rappoccio, S Ratnikov, F Ray, H Reisert, B Rekovic, V Renton, P Rescigno, M Rimondi, F Rinnert, K Ristori, L Robertson, WJ Robson, A Rodrigo, T Rolli, S Roser, R Rossin, R Rott, C Russ, J Rusu, V Ruiz, A Ryan, D Saarikko, H Sabik, S Safonov, A St Denis, R Sakumoto, WK Salamanna, G Saltzberg, D Sanchez, C Santi, L Sarkar, S Sato, K Savard, P Savoy-Navarro, A Schlabach, P Schmidt, EE Schmidt, MP Schmitt, M Scodellaro, L Scott, AL Scribano, A Scuri, F Sedov, A Seidel, S Seiya, Y Semenov, A Semeria, F Sexton-Kennedy, L Sfiligoi, I Shapiro, MD Shears, T Shepard, PF Sherman, D Shimojima, M Shochet, M Shon, Y Shreyber, I Sidoti, A Sill, A Sinervo, P Sisakyan, A Sjolin, J Skiba, A Slaughter, AJ Sliwa, K Smirnov, D Smith, JR Snider, FD Snihur, R Soderberg, M Soha, A Somalwar, SV Spalding, J Spezziga, M Spinella, F Squillacioti, P Stadie, H Stanitzki, M Stelzer, B Stelzer-Chilton, O Stentz, D Strologas, J Stuart, D Suh, JS Sukhanov, A Sumorok, K Sun, H Suzuki, T Taffard, A Tafirout, R Takano, H Takashima, R Takeuchi, Y Takikawa, K Tanaka, M Tanaka, R Tanimoto, N Tecchio, M Teng, PK Terashi, K Tesarek, RJ Tether, S Thom, J Thompson, AS Thomson, E Tipton, P Tiwari, V Tkaczyk, S Toback, D Tollefson, K Tomura, T Tonelli, D Tonnesmann, M Torre, S Torretta, D Tourneur, S Trischuk, W Tsuchiya, R Tsuno, S Tsybychev, D Turini, N Ukegawa, F Unverhau, T Uozumi, S Usynin, D Vacavant, L Vaiciulis, A Varganov, A Vejcik, S Velev, G Veszpremi, V Veramendi, G Vickey, T Vidal, R Vila, I Vilar, R Vollrath, I Volobouev, I von der Mey, M Wagner, P Wagner, RG Wagner, RL Wagner, W Wallny, R Walter, T Wan, Z Wang, MJ Wang, SM Warburton, A Ward, B Waschke, S Waters, D Watts, T Weber, M Wester, WC Whitehouse, B Whiteson, D Wicklund, AB Wicklund, E Williams, HH Wilson, P Winer, BL Wittich, P Wolbers, S Wolfe, C Wolter, M Worcester, M Worm, S Wright, T Wu, X Wurthwein, F Wyatt, A Yagil, A Yamashita, T Yamamoto, K Yamaoka, J Yang, C Yang, UK Yao, W Yeh, GP Yoh, J Yorita, K Yoshida, T Yu, I Yu, S Yun, JC Zanello, L Zanetti, A Zaw, I Zetti, F Zhou, J Zucchelli, S CA CDF Collaboration TI Evidence for B-s(0)->phi phi decay and measurements of branching ratio and A(CP) for B+->phi K+ SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article AB We present the first evidence of charmless decays of the B-s(0) meson, the decay B-s(0)->phi phi, and a measurement of the branching ratio BR(B-s(0)->phi phi) using 180 pb(-1) of data collected by the CDF II experiment at the Fermilab Tevatron collider. In addition, the BR and direct CP asymmetry for the B+->phi K+ decay are measured. We obtain BR(B-s(0)->phi phi)=[14(-5)(+6)(stat)+/- 6(syst)]x10(-6), BR(B+->phi K+)=[7.6 +/- 1.3(stat)+/- 0.6(syst)]x10(-6), and A(CP)(B+->phi K+)=-0.07 +/- 0.17(stat)(-0.02)(+0.03)(syst). Both decays are governed in the standard model by second order (penguin) b -> s(s) over bar s amplitudes. C1 Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Inst Fis Altes Energies, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. Univ Bologna, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. Brandeis Univ, Waltham, MA 02254 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Cantabria, CSIC, Inst Fis Cantabria, E-39005 Santander, Spain. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Joint Inst Nucl Res, RU-141980 Dubna, Russia. Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. Univ Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys, Div High Energy Phys, FIN-00044 Helsinki, Finland. Helsinki Inst Phys, FIN-00044 Helsinki, Finland. Hiroshima Univ, Higashihiroshima 724, Japan. Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Univ Karlsruhe, Inst Expt Kernphys, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany. KEK, High Energy Accelerator Res Org, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Kyungpook Natl Univ, Ctr High Energy Phys, Taegu 702701, South Korea. Seoul Natl Univ, Seoul 151742, South Korea. Sungkyunkwan Univ, Suwon 440746, South Korea. Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England. UCL, London WC1E 6BT, England. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. McGill Univ, Inst Particle Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Okayama Univ, Okayama 7008530, Japan. Osaka City Univ, Osaka 588, Japan. Univ Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. Univ Padua, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova Trento, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Pisa, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. Scuola Normale Super Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. Rockefeller Univ, New York, NY 10021 USA. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma 1, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. Univ Trieste, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Udine, Italy. Univ Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Tufts Univ, Medford, MA 02155 USA. Waseda Univ, Tokyo 169, Japan. Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma 1, I-00185 Rome, Italy. RP Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RI Gorelov, Igor/J-9010-2015; Canelli, Florencia/O-9693-2016; Warburton, Andreas/N-8028-2013; Kim, Soo-Bong/B-7061-2014; Lysak, Roman/H-2995-2014; Scodellaro, Luca/K-9091-2014; Connolly, Amy/J-3958-2013; Cabrera Urban, Susana/H-1376-2015; Cavalli-Sforza, Matteo/H-7102-2015; ciocci, maria agnese /I-2153-2015; Prokoshin, Fedor/E-2795-2012; Muelmenstaedt, Johannes/K-2432-2015; Introzzi, Gianluca/K-2497-2015; Lancaster, Mark/C-1693-2008; Ruiz, Alberto/E-4473-2011; Robson, Aidan/G-1087-2011; De Cecco, Sandro/B-1016-2012; Wolter, Marcin/A-7412-2012; St.Denis, Richard/C-8997-2012; Azzi, Patrizia/H-5404-2012; manca, giulia/I-9264-2012; Amerio, Silvia/J-4605-2012; Punzi, Giovanni/J-4947-2012; messina, andrea/C-2753-2013; Annovi, Alberto/G-6028-2012; Chiarelli, Giorgio/E-8953-2012; Ivanov, Andrew/A-7982-2013 OI Gorelov, Igor/0000-0001-5570-0133; Canelli, Florencia/0000-0001-6361-2117; Osterberg, Kenneth/0000-0003-4807-0414; Warburton, Andreas/0000-0002-2298-7315; Scodellaro, Luca/0000-0002-4974-8330; ciocci, maria agnese /0000-0003-0002-5462; Prokoshin, Fedor/0000-0001-6389-5399; Muelmenstaedt, Johannes/0000-0003-1105-6678; Introzzi, Gianluca/0000-0002-1314-2580; Ruiz, Alberto/0000-0002-3639-0368; Azzi, Patrizia/0000-0002-3129-828X; Punzi, Giovanni/0000-0002-8346-9052; Annovi, Alberto/0000-0002-4649-4398; Chiarelli, Giorgio/0000-0001-9851-4816; Ivanov, Andrew/0000-0002-9270-5643 NR 22 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 15 PY 2005 VL 95 IS 3 AR 031801 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.031801 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 946TU UT WOS:000230596600015 ER PT J AU Reiter, P Khoo, TL Ahmad, I Afanasjev, AV Heinz, A Lauritsen, T Lister, CJ Seweryniak, D Bhattacharyya, P Butler, PA Carpenter, MP Chewter, AJ Cizewski, JA Davids, CN Greene, JP Greenlees, PT Helariutta, K Herzberg, RD Janssens, RVF Jones, GD Julin, R Kankaanpaa, H Kettunen, H Kondev, FG Kuusiniemi, P Leino, M Siem, S Sonzogni, AA Uusitalo, J Wiedenhover, I AF Reiter, P Khoo, TL Ahmad, I Afanasjev, AV Heinz, A Lauritsen, T Lister, CJ Seweryniak, D Bhattacharyya, P Butler, PA Carpenter, MP Chewter, AJ Cizewski, JA Davids, CN Greene, JP Greenlees, PT Helariutta, K Herzberg, RD Janssens, RVF Jones, GD Julin, R Kankaanpaa, H Kettunen, H Kondev, FG Kuusiniemi, P Leino, M Siem, S Sonzogni, AA Uusitalo, J Wiedenhover, I TI Structure of the odd-A, shell-stabilized nucleus No-253(102) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ROTATIONAL BAND; NO-254; SUPERHEAVY; FISSION; DECAY; ISOTOPES AB In-beam gamma-ray spectroscopic measurements have been made on No-253(102). A single rotational band was identified up to a probable spin of 39/2h, which is assigned to the 7/2(+)[624] Nilsson configuration. The bandhead energy and the moment of inertia provide discriminating tests of contemporary models of the heaviest nuclei. Novel methods were required to interprete the sparse data set associated with cross sections of around 50 nb. These methods included comparisons of experimental and simulated spectra, as well as testing for evidence of a rotational band in the gamma gamma matrix. C1 Univ Cologne, Inst Kernphys, D-50937 Cologne, Germany. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Univ Latvia, LV-2169 Salapils, Latvia. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Univ Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England. Rutgers State Univ, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. Univ Jyvaskyla, Jyvaskyla, Finland. Univ Oslo, Oslo, Norway. RP Univ Cologne, Inst Kernphys, Zulpicher Str 77, D-50937 Cologne, Germany. RI Herzberg, Rolf-Dietmar/E-1558-2011; Heinz, Andreas/E-3191-2014; Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015 OI Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734 NR 26 TC 52 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 15 PY 2005 VL 95 IS 3 AR 032501 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.032501 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 946TU UT WOS:000230596600016 PM 16090736 ER PT J AU Robinson, AP Woods, PJ Seweryniak, D Davids, CN Carpenter, MP Hecht, AA Peterson, D Sinha, S Walters, WB Zhu, S AF Robinson, AP Woods, PJ Seweryniak, D Davids, CN Carpenter, MP Hecht, AA Peterson, D Sinha, S Walters, WB Zhu, S TI Ground state proton radioactivity from Pr-121: When was this exotic nuclear decay mode first discovered? SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DRIP-LINE; (CO-53)M AB Ground-state proton radioactivity has been identified from Pr-121. A transition with a proton energy of E-p=882(10) keV [Q(p)=900(10) keV] and half-life t(1/2)=10(-3)(+6) ms has been observed and is assigned to the decay of a highly prolate deformed 3/2(+) or 3/2(-) Nilsson state. The present result is found to be incompatible with a previously reported observation of ground-state proton radioactivity from Pr-121, which would have represented the discovery of this phenomenon. C1 Univ Edinburgh, Sch Phys, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Midlothian, Scotland. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Univ Edinburgh, Sch Phys, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Midlothian, Scotland. RI Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015 OI Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734 NR 19 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 15 PY 2005 VL 95 IS 3 AR 032502 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.032502 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 946TU UT WOS:000230596600017 PM 16090737 ER PT J AU Li, BS Zhang, JZ AF Li, BS Zhang, JZ TI Pressure and temperature dependence of elastic wave velocity of MgSiO3 perovskite and the composition of the lower SO PHYSICS OF THE EARTH AND PLANETARY INTERIORS LA English DT Article DE elasticity; perovskite; lower mantle; equation-of-state; high pressure ID EARTHS LOWER MANTLE; SILICATE PEROVSKITE; (MG,FE)SIO3 PEROVSKITE; THERMOELASTIC PROPERTIES; SOUND VELOCITIES; SINGLE-CRYSTAL; DEEP MANTLE; 30 GPA; EQUATION; STATE AB Simultaneous measurements of compressional (P) and shear (S) wave velocities and unit cell volume (density) have been conducted on MgSiO3 perovskite to 9.2 GPa and 873 K using ultrasonic interferometry in conjunction with X-ray diffraction. Finite strain analysis of current data allowed us to determine the elastic moduli and their pressure derivatives independent of the pressure measurement. The results are K-S = 253(2) GPa, G = 173(1) GPa, partial derivative K-S/partial derivative P = 4.4(1) and partial derivative G/partial derivative P = 2.0(1). The temperature derivatives of the bulk and shear moduli were tightly constrained from acoustic velocity measurements, yielding partial derivative K-S/partial derivative T -0.021(2) GPa/K and partial derivative G/partial derivative T= -0.028(2) GPa/K. P and S wave velocities and density profiles for a pyrolite compositional model consisting of magnesium silicate perovskite and magnesiowustite are calculated at lower mantle depths along a 1600 K adiabatic geotherm, the results agree with those of seismic model PREM within 0.5, 0.5 and 0.3%, respectively, from 800 to similar to 2600 kin. The effect of Fe and Mg partitioning between magnesium silicate perovskite and magnesiowustite on the calculated velocities and density is negligibly small compared to the effects of composition and temperature. Simultaneous constraints from P and S wave velocities and density support for a homogeneous lower mantle with pyrolitic, composition. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 SUNY Stony Brook, Inst Mineral Phys, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, LANSCE Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Li, BS (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Inst Mineral Phys, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. EM bli@notes.cc.sunysb.edu RI Li, Baosheng/C-1813-2013 NR 50 TC 70 Z9 71 U1 1 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0031-9201 J9 PHYS EARTH PLANET IN JI Phys. Earth Planet. Inter. PD JUL 15 PY 2005 VL 151 IS 1-2 BP 143 EP 154 DI 10.1016/j.pepi.2005.02.004 PG 12 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 933YZ UT WOS:000229670200010 ER PT J AU Salle, B Cremers, DA Maurice, S Wiens, RC Fichet, P AF Salle, B Cremers, DA Maurice, S Wiens, RC Fichet, P TI Evaluation of a compact spectrograph for in-situ and stand-off Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy analyses of geological samples on Mars missions SO SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART B-ATOMIC SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy; LIBS; low pressure; Mars ID INDUCED PLASMA SPECTROMETER; X-RAY SPECTROMETER; ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS; EXPLORATION; LIBS; FEASIBILITY; ATMOSPHERE; SURFACES; ANALOGS; METALS AB Laser-induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) is actively under development for future use on surface probes to Mars. The analytical method can be deployed for in-situ and/or stand-off analysis with the latter embodiment providing the greatest advantages compared to previous and current elemental analysis methods used for planetary surface analysis. For this application, LIBS must be thoroughly investigated in terms of analytical capabilities and flight-rated instruments must be developed. Because of the low pressure of the predominantly CO(2) atmosphere on Mars, studies are needed to understand analytical requirements and to determine performance under these conditions. Stand-off analysis demands the most stringent requirements on instrumentation. Therefore, it must be determined if the high performance components that are normally used in a typical LIBS laboratory setup, which are generally not optimized for small size and weight, are essential to obtain the maximum scientific return from a mission. A key component of a LIBS apparatus is the detection system consisting of a spectrograph and a detector. Here we present an evaluation of one design of a compact spectrograph (Ocean Optics HR2000) for in-situ and stand-off LIBS analyses of geological samples under Mars atmospheric conditions. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Adv Chem Diagnost & Instrumentat Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Ctr Etud Spatiale Rayonnements, Observ Midi Pyrenees, F-31028 Toulouse, France. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Space & Atmospher Sci Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. CEA Saclay, DEN, DPC, SCP,LRSI, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. RP Salle, B (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Adv Chem Diagnost & Instrumentat Grp, POB 1663,MS J565, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM salle@carnac.cea.fr NR 30 TC 77 Z9 80 U1 3 U2 23 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0584-8547 J9 SPECTROCHIM ACTA B JI Spectroc. Acta Pt. B-Atom. Spectr. PD JUL 15 PY 2005 VL 60 IS 6 BP 805 EP 815 DI 10.1016/j.sab.2005.05.007 PG 11 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA 952TD UT WOS:000231027500005 ER PT J AU Wen, SB Mao, XL Russo, RE AF Wen, SB Mao, XL Russo, RE TI Comment on "three-dimensional analysis of laser induced plasmas in single and double pulse configuration" SO SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART B-ATOMIC SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Editorial Material AB Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is an effective technique for real-time chemical analysis of samples in the laboratory and in the field. The performance of LIBS can be significantly improved by replacing the conventional LIBS configuration from single pulse laser to double pulse laser ablation. Corsi et al. showed that by firing two lasers with microsecond order delay can increase LIBS sensitivity [M. Corsi, G. Cristoforetti, M. Giuffrida, M. Hidalgo, S. Legnaioli, V. Palleschi, A. Salvetti, E. Tognoni, C. Vallebona, Three-dimensional analysis of laser induced plasmas in single and double pulse configuration, Spectrochimica Acta, Part B 59 (2004) 723-735] [1]. By studying plume evolution, they attribute this enhancement to the faster plume expansion in double pulse laser ablation. Blast wave theory was used in Corsi's paper to explain the higher expansion speed observed in double pulse laser ablation. However, it is questionable whether the blast wave theorem applies in laser ablation where the shockwave is driven by a vapor plume of mass. We introduce an alternative way to explain the faster plume expansion during double pulse laser through a more general thermodynamic relation. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Russo, RE (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM rerusso@lbl.gov RI Palleschi, Vincenzo/A-3913-2012; Legnaioli, Stefano/M-8944-2014; CRISTOFORETTI, GABRIELE/C-9815-2015 OI Palleschi, Vincenzo/0000-0002-6377-7656; CRISTOFORETTI, GABRIELE/0000-0001-9420-9080 NR 6 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0584-8547 J9 SPECTROCHIM ACTA B JI Spectroc. Acta Pt. B-Atom. Spectr. PD JUL 15 PY 2005 VL 60 IS 6 BP 870 EP 872 DI 10.1016/j.sab.2005.05.004 PG 3 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA 952TD UT WOS:000231027500013 ER PT J AU Wunderlich, B AF Wunderlich, B TI The influence of the surface on the thermodynamics of the melting and glass transition of films and fibers SO THERMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th Lahnwitz Seminar on Thermodynamics and Calorimetry of Thin Films CY JUN 07-10, 2004 CL Rostock Warnemunde, GERMANY DE nanophase; microphase; polymer; nonequilibrium thermodynamics; glass transition; melting; rigid-amorphous fraction; surface; calorimetry; film; fiber; Gibbs-Thomson equation ID MASS POLYETHYLENE FIBERS; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; HEAT-CAPACITY; MOLAR-MASS; GEL-SPUN; TEMPERATURE; CALORIMETRY; CRYSTALLIZATION; POLYSTYRENE; POLYMERS AB The influence of the surface on the thermodynamics of the melting and glass transition of films and fibers is negligible as long as the dimension of the phase is macroscopic, i.e., is more than 1 mu m in all directions. The influence of the surface on microphases was discovered at the beginning of the 20th century, and is presently developing into the central topic for the description of hard and soft nanophase materials. The central issues of the thermal analysis of films and fibers, thus, are: the assessment of small sample masses, the evaluation of the nature of the surface, the treatment of irreversible phase structures, and the use of fast measurements to avoid reorganization of the metastable material without loss of precision. A short history of the roots of calorimetry of such small systems is used to arrive at a thermodynamic description of linear macromolecules in the amorphous state and, when partially crystallized, in the macroscopic, globally metastable structure which consists of multiple nanophases. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Wunderlich, B (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM wunderlich@chartertn.net NR 39 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0040-6031 J9 THERMOCHIM ACTA JI Thermochim. Acta PD JUL 15 PY 2005 VL 432 IS 2 BP 127 EP 134 DI 10.1016/j.tca.2005.01.010 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry GA 943BN UT WOS:000230326900002 ER PT J AU Wunderlich, B AF Wunderlich, B TI Discussion of problems of nonequilibrium thermodynamics of polymers as presented in the paper by Sommer and Reiter SO THERMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Editorial Material DE conformational entropy; surface free energy; nonequilibrium thermodynamics; flexible macromolecule; polymer; nanophase; microphase; melting; glass transition; rigid-amorphous fraction; calorimetry; thin film; soft-matter physics ID MOLECULE SINGLE-CRYSTALS; EXTENDED-CHAIN CRYSTALS; POLYETHYLENE; PRESSURE; CRYSTALLIZATION; CALORIMETRY; MORPHOLOGY; GROWTH; MELT AB A number of discussion points are raised concerning the nonequilibrium melting and crystallization as described in the paper by Sommer and Reiter.(1). (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Wunderlich, B (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM Wunderlich@CharterTN.net NR 32 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0040-6031 J9 THERMOCHIM ACTA JI Thermochim. Acta PD JUL 15 PY 2005 VL 432 IS 2 BP 148 EP 152 DI 10.1016/j.tca.2005.04.023 PG 5 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry GA 943BN UT WOS:000230326900004 ER PT J AU Gary, SP Lavraud, B Thomsen, MF Lefebvre, B Schwartz, SJ AF Gary, SP Lavraud, B Thomsen, MF Lefebvre, B Schwartz, SJ TI Electron anisotropy constraint in the magnetosheath: Cluster observations SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PROTON CYCLOTRON INSTABILITY; TEMPERATURE ANISOTROPY; SOLAR-WIND; SIGNATURES; BETA AB The whistler anisotropy instability is driven by the condition T-perpendicular to e/T-parallel to e>1, where the subscript e denotes electrons and the other subscripts denote directions relative to the background magnetic field B-o. Instability growth leads to enhanced field fluctuations which scatter the electrons; theory and simulations show that this scattering imposes an upper bound on the electron anisotropy in the form T-perpendicular to e/T-parallel to e-1=S-e/beta(alpha e)(parallel to e) with fitting parameters 0.1 less than or similar to S-e less than or similar to 1 and 0.5 less than or similar to alpha(e)<0.7 over 0.10 <=beta(parallel to e)<= 1.0 where (beta parallel to)e=8 pi n(e)T(parallel to e)/B-o(2). Here measurements from the PEACE instrument on the Cluster 1 spacecraft show that electron anisotropies in two crossings of the dayside terrestrial magnetosheath are constrained statistically by this equation with S-e similar or equal to 0.2 and alpha(e)similar or equal to 0.6. This is the first reported observation of this constraint in a space plasma. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, London, England. RP Gary, SP (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS D466, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM pgary@lanl.gov; lavraud@lanl.gov; mthomsen@lanl.gov; b.lefebvre@imperial.ac.uk; s.schwartz@imperial.ac.uk NR 21 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JUL 14 PY 2005 VL 32 IS 13 AR L13109 DI 10.1029/2005GL023234 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 950BU UT WOS:000230833400005 ER PT J AU Naslund, LA Edwards, DC Wernet, P Bergmann, U Ogasawara, H Pettersson, LGM Myneni, S Nilsson, A AF Naslund, LA Edwards, DC Wernet, P Bergmann, U Ogasawara, H Pettersson, LGM Myneni, S Nilsson, A TI X-ray absorption spectroscopy study of the hydrogen bond network in the bulk water of aqueous solutions SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID K-SHELL EXCITATION; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; RAMAN-SCATTERING; LIQUID WATER; FINE-STRUCTURE; IONS; PHOTOABSORPTION; SIMULATION; SPECTRA; EDGE AB We utilized X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and X-ray Raman scattering (XRS) in order to study the ion solvation effect on the bulk hydrogen bonding structure of water. The fine structures in the X-ray absorption spectra are sensitive to the local environment of the probed water molecule related to the hydrogen bond length and angles. By varying the concentration of ions, we can distinguish between contributions from water in the bulk and in the first solvation sphere. We show that the hydrogen bond network in bulk water, in terms of forming and breaking hydrogen bonds as detected by XAS/XRS, remains unchanged, and only the water molecules in the close vicinity to the ions are affected. C1 Stockholm Univ, Fysikum, AlbaNova, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Princeton Univ, Dept Chem, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. BESSY, D-12489 Berlin, Germany. Princeton Univ, Dept Geosci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RP Stockholm Univ, Fysikum, AlbaNova, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. EM nilsson@slac.stanford.edu RI Nilsson, Anders/E-1943-2011; Pettersson, Lars/F-8428-2011; Wernet, Philippe/A-7085-2013; ID, BioCAT/D-2459-2012; Pettersson, Lars/J-4925-2013; Ogasawara, Hirohito/D-2105-2009 OI Nilsson, Anders/0000-0003-1968-8696; Wernet, Philippe/0000-0001-7011-9072; Pettersson, Lars/0000-0003-1133-9934; Ogasawara, Hirohito/0000-0001-5338-1079 NR 53 TC 108 Z9 109 U1 1 U2 34 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD JUL 14 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 27 BP 5995 EP 6002 DI 10.1021/jp050413s PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 944YV UT WOS:000230468100005 PM 16833935 ER PT J AU Zhai, HJ Huang, X Cui, LF Li, X Li, J Wang, LS AF Zhai, HJ Huang, X Cui, LF Li, X Li, J Wang, LS TI Electronic and structural evolution and chemical bonding in ditungsten oxide clusters: W2On- and W2On (n=1-6) SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID TRANSITION-METAL CLUSTERS; PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; GOLD CLUSTERS; GAS-PHASE; BASIS-SETS; AB-INITIO; SEQUENTIAL OXIDATION; CATALYSTS; ATOMS; DENSITY AB We report a systematic and comprehensive investigation of the electronic structures and chemical bonding in a series of ditungsten oxide clusters, W2On- and W2On (n = 1-6), using anion photoelectron spectroscopy and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Well-resolved photoelectron spectra were obtained at several photon energies (2.331, 3.496, 4.661, 6.424, and 7.866 eV), and W 5d-based spectral features were clearly observed and distinguished from O 2p-based features. More complicated spectral features were observed for the oxygen-deficient clusters because of the W 5d electrons. With increasing oxygen content in W2On-, the photoelectron spectra were observed to shift gradually to higher binding energies, accompanied by a decreasing number of W 5d-derived features. A behavior of sequential oxidation as a result of charge transfers from W to O was clearly observed. A large energy gap (2.8 eV) was observed in the spectrum of W2O6-, indicating the high electronic stability of the stoichiometric W2O6 molecule. Extensive DFT calculations were carried out to search for the most stable structures of both the anion and neutral clusters. Time-dependent DFT method was used to compute the vertical detachment energies and compare to the experimental data. Molecular orbitals were used to analyze the chemical bonding in the ditungsten oxide clusters and to elucidate their electronic and structural evolution. C1 Washington State Univ, Dept Phys, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, WR Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Wang, LS (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Phys, 2710 Univ Dr, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM ls.wang@pnl.gov RI Li, Jun/E-5334-2011 OI Li, Jun/0000-0002-8456-3980 NR 64 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD JUL 14 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 27 BP 6019 EP 6030 DI 10.1021/jp051496f PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 944YV UT WOS:000230468100008 PM 16833938 ER PT J AU Greenwald, EE North, SW Georgievskii, Y Klippenstein, SJ AF Greenwald, EE North, SW Georgievskii, Y Klippenstein, SJ TI A two transition state model for radical-molecule reactions: A case study of the addition of OH to C2H4 SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Review ID NEGATIVE ACTIVATION-ENERGIES; CURVED ARRHENIUS PLOTS; GAS-PHASE REACTIONS; QUADRATIC CONFIGURATION-INTERACTION; PHOTOLYSIS-RESONANCE FLUORESCENCE; REACTION COORDINATE FRAMEWORK; TEMPERATURE-RANGE 343-1173-K; ABSOLUTE RATE CONSTANTS; RELATIVE RATE CONSTANTS; HYDROXYL RADICALS AB A two transition state model is applied to the study of the addition of hydroxyl radical to ethylene. This reaction serves as a prototypical example of a radical-molecule reaction with a negative activation energy in the high-pressure limit. The model incorporates variational treatments of both inner and outer transition states. The outer transition state is treated with a recently derived long-range transition state theory approach focusing on the longest-ranged term in the potential. High-level quantum chemical estimates are incorporated in a variational transition state theory treatment of the inner transition state. Anharmonic effects in the inner transition state region are explored with direct phase space integration. A two-dimensional master equation is employed in treating the pressure dependence of the addition process. An accurate treatment of the two separate transition state regions at the energy and angular momentum resolved level is essential to the prediction of the temperature dependence of the addition rate. The transition from a dominant outer transition state to a dominant inner transition state is predicted to occur at about 130 K, with significant effects from both transition states over the 10 to 400 K temperature range. Modest adjustment in the ab initio predicted inner saddle point energy yields theoretical predictions which are in quantitative agreement with the available experimental observations. The theoretically predicted capture rate is reproduced to within 10% by the expression [4.93 x 10(-12) (T/298)(-2488) exp(-107.9/RT) + 3.33 x 10(-12) (T/298)(0.451) exp(117.6/RT); with R = 1.987 and T in K] cm(3) molecules(-1) s(-1) over the 10-600 K range. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Dept Chem, College Stn, TX 77842 USA. RP Klippenstein, SJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM sjklipp@sandia.gov RI North, Simon/G-5054-2012; OI North, Simon/0000-0002-0795-796X; Klippenstein, Stephen/0000-0001-6297-9187 NR 114 TC 123 Z9 124 U1 4 U2 60 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD JUL 14 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 27 BP 6031 EP 6044 DI 10.1021/jp058041a PG 14 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 944YV UT WOS:000230468100009 PM 16833939 ER PT J AU Senosiain, JP Klippenstein, SJ Miller, JA AF Senosiain, JP Klippenstein, SJ Miller, JA TI The reaction of acetylene with hydroxyl radicals SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID QUADRATIC CONFIGURATION-INTERACTION; PHENOMENOLOGICAL RATE COEFFICIENTS; 2-DIMENSIONAL MASTER EQUATION; NEGATIVE ACTIVATION-ENERGIES; TRANSITION-STATE THEORY; RATE CONSTANTS; OH RADICALS; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; UNIMOLECULAR DISSOCIATION AB The potential energy surface for the reaction between OH and acetylene has been calculated using the RQCISD(T) method and extrapolated to the complete basis-set limit. Rate coefficients were determined for a wide range of temperatures and pressures, based on this surface and the solution of the one-dimensional and two-dimensional master equations. With a small adjustment to the association energy barrier (1.1 kcal/mol), agreement with experiments is good, considering the discrepancies in such data. The rate coefficient for direct hydrogen abstraction is significantly smaller than that commonly used in combustion models. Also in contrast to previous models, ketene + H is found to be the main product at normal combustion conditions. At low temperatures and high pressures, stabilization of the C2H2OH adduct is the dominant process. Rate coefficient expressions for use in modeling are provided. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Miller, JA (reprint author), POB 969,MS 9055, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM jamille@sandia.gov OI Klippenstein, Stephen/0000-0001-6297-9187 NR 98 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 1 U2 31 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD JUL 14 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 27 BP 6045 EP 6055 DI 10.1021/jp050737g PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 944YV UT WOS:000230468100010 PM 16833940 ER PT J AU Garberoglio, G Skoulidas, AI Johnson, JK AF Garberoglio, G Skoulidas, AI Johnson, JK TI Adsorption of gases in metal organic materials: Comparison of simulations and experiments SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; PATH-INTEGRAL SIMULATIONS; WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES; HYDROGEN STORAGE; SORPTION PROPERTIES; METHANE STORAGE; FORCE-FIELD; FRAMEWORKS; DESIGN; EQUILIBRIUM AB Molecular simulations using standard force fields,have been carried out to model the adsorption of various light gases on a number of different metal organic framework-type materials. The results have been compared with the available experimental data to test the validity of the model potentials. We observe good agreement between simulations and experiments for a number of different cases and very poor agreement in other cases. Possible reasons for the discrepancy in simulated and measured isotherms are discussed. We predict hydrogen adsorption isotherms at 77 and 298 K in a number of different metal organic framework materials. The importance of quantum diffraction effects and framework charges on the adsorption of hydrogen at 77 K is discussed. Our calculations indicate that at room temperature none of the materials that we have tested is able to meet the requirements for on-board hydrogen storage for fuel cell vehicles. We have calculated the volume available in a given sorbent at a specified adsorption energy (density of states). We discuss how this density of states can be used to assess the effectiveness of a sorbent material for hydrogen storage. C1 US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Chem Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. RP Johnson, JK (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. EM karlj@pitt.edu RI Johnson, Karl/E-9733-2013; OI Johnson, Karl/0000-0002-3608-8003; Garberoglio, Giovanni/0000-0002-9201-2716 NR 41 TC 291 Z9 297 U1 5 U2 59 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD JUL 14 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 27 BP 13094 EP 13103 DI 10.1021/jp050948l PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 944YT UT WOS:000230467900011 PM 16852629 ER PT J AU Haranczyk, M Rak, J Gutowski, M Radisic, D Stokes, ST Bowen, KH AF Haranczyk, M Rak, J Gutowski, M Radisic, D Stokes, ST Bowen, KH TI Intermolecular proton transfer in anionic complexes of uracil with alcohols SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID THEORETICAL AB-INITIO; EXCESS ELECTRON-ATTACHMENT; DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; MOLECULAR-ORBITAL METHODS; DIPOLE-BOUND ANIONS; GAS-PHASE ACIDITIES; GAUSSIAN-TYPE BASIS; NUCLEIC-ACID BASES; PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; ORGANIC-MOLECULES AB A series of 18 alcohols (ROH) has been designed with an enthalpy of deprotonation in the gas phase (H-DP) in the range 13.8-16.3 eV. The effects of excess electron attachment to the binary alcohol-uracil ((ROHU)-U-...) complexes have been studied at the density functional level with a B3LYP exchange-correlation functional and at the second-order Moller-Plesset perturbation theory level. The photoelectron spectra of anionic complexes of uracil with 3 alcohols (ethanol, 2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropanol, and 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol) have been measured with 2.54 eV photons. For ROHs with deprotonation enthalpies larger than 14.8 eV, only the (ROHU-)-U-... minimum exists on the potential energy surface of the anionic complex. For alcohols with deprotonation enthalpies in the range 14.3-14.8 eV, two minima might exist on the anionic potential energy surface, which correspond to the (RO-...HU.) and (ROHU.)-U-... structures. For ROHs with deprotonation enthalpies smaller than 14.3 eV, the excess electron attachment to the (ROHU)-U-... complex always induces a barrier-free proton transfer from the hydroxyl group of ROH to the 08 atom of U, with the product being (RO-...HU.). C1 Univ Gdansk, Dept Chem, PL-80952 Gdansk, Poland. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Chem, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RP Gutowski, M (reprint author), Univ Gdansk, Dept Chem, Sopbieskiego 18, PL-80952 Gdansk, Poland. EM maciej.gutowski@pnl.gov; kbowen@jhu.edu RI Haranczyk, Maciej/A-6380-2014 OI Haranczyk, Maciej/0000-0001-7146-9568 NR 69 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD JUL 14 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 27 BP 13383 EP 13391 DI 10.1021/jp050246w PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 944YT UT WOS:000230467900053 PM 16852671 ER PT J AU Boyle, TJ Tribby, LJ Alam, TM Bunge, SD Holland, GP AF Boyle, TJ Tribby, LJ Alam, TM Bunge, SD Holland, GP TI Catechol derivatives of Group 4 and 5 compounds SO POLYHEDRON LA English DT Article DE titanium; zirconium; hafnium; catechol; niobium; tantalum ID X-RAY STRUCTURES; SPECTROSCOPIC CHARACTERIZATION; MOLECULAR-STRUCTURES; GROUP-IV; COMPLEXES; ARYLOXIDES; TITANIUM; VANADIUM; LIGANDS; 3,5-DI-TERT-BUTYLCATECHOL AB The structural modifications of Group 4 and 5 metal alkoxides using the bidentate catechol (C6H3(OH)(2)-1,3 = cat-H-2) have been investigated. From the reaction of [Ti(mu-ONep)(ONeP)(3)](2) (ONep = OCH2CMe3), [Zr(mu-OPri)(ONep)(3) center dot HONep](2)(OPri = OCHMe2), Hf(OEt)(4) (OEt = OCH2Me) with 2 equivalents, and M(OEt)(5) (M = Nb or Ta) with 3 equiv. of cat-H-2 in pyridine (py), the complete removal of alkoxide ligands and isolation of the first neutral catechol derivatives of the Group 4 and 5 species were observed. The corresponding catechol derivatives were structurally characterized as: Ti-3(mu(3)-O)(mu-cat)(3)(cat)(cat-H)(2) (1), Zr-4(mu(4)-O)(mu-cat)(6)(mu-cat-H)(2)(py)(4) (2), Hf-4(mu(4)-O)(mu-cat)(6)(mu-cat-H)(2)(py)(4) (3), M(cat)(2)(cat-H)(py) (M = Nb (4); Ta (5)). Compound 1 is trinuclear with each octahedrally bound metal center having three chelating and three chelating bridging cat ligands, along with a mu(3)-O ligand, to form a corner-missing cube arrangement. Based on charge balance, two of the cat ligands must retain a hydrogen atom (cat-H). The congeners 2 and 3 adopt similar structures wherein each of the metal centers is eight coordinated, adopting a dodecahedral-like geometry. The metals are joined by a mu(4)-O ligand and each cation uses two chelating cat ligands to bridge to two other metal centers as well as coordinating a single py ligand. Again, based on charge balance, two of the ligands must be cat-H ligands. Compounds 1-3 are insoluble at room temperature in their parent solvent. Compounds 4 and 5 are mononuclear wherein each metal center formally adopts a seven coordination capped-trigonal prism involving three chelating catechol ligands, with one being cat-H, along with a coordinated pyridine ligand. Multinuclear NMR data indicate that the structures of 4 and 5 are retained in solution. TGA/DTA data indicated that compound 1 is a reasonable precursor for nanoparticles. 1 was used to generate nanoparticles of TiO2 from benzylalcohol. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Adv Mat Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. RP Boyle, TJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Adv Mat Lab, 1001 Univ Blvd SE, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. EM tjboyle@sandia.gov NR 34 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 4 U2 19 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0277-5387 J9 POLYHEDRON JI Polyhedron PD JUL 14 PY 2005 VL 24 IS 10 BP 1143 EP 1152 DI 10.1016/j.poly.2005.03.055 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA 940EF UT WOS:000230125800005 ER PT J AU Cotlet, M Vosch, T Habuchi, S Weil, T Mullen, K Hofkens, J De Schryver, F AF Cotlet, M Vosch, T Habuchi, S Weil, T Mullen, K Hofkens, J De Schryver, F TI Probing intramolecular Forster resonance energy transfer in a naphthaleneimide-peryleneimide-terrylenediimide-based dendrimer by ensemble and single-molecule fluorescence spectroscopy SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID LIGHT-HARVESTING COMPLEX; ELECTRON-TRANSFER; CONFORMATIONAL DYNAMICS; DIRECTIONAL ENERGY; CHROMOPHORES; GENERATION; SYSTEM; LEVEL; CORE; CRYSTALLOGRAPHY AB We report on the ensemble and single-molecule (SM) dynamics of Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET) in a multichromophoric rigid polyphenylenic dendrimer (triad) with spectrally different rylene chromophores featuring distinct absorption and emission spectra which cover the whole visible spectral range: a terrylenediimide (TDI) core, four perylenemonoimides (PMIs) attached at the scaffold, and eight naphthalenemonoimides (NMIs) at the rim. For FRET from PMI to TDI taking place with an efficiency of 99.5%, single triad molecules optically excited at 490 nm show fluorescence exclusively from the TDI side in the beginning of their emission. On 360-nm excitation, NMI chromophores transfer their excitation energy either directly or in a stepwise fashion to the core TDI, the latter case involving scaffold-substituted PMIs as intermediate acceptors. Indeed, SM experiments on 360-nm excitation evidence highly efficient FRET from NMI chromophores to the TDI core since individual triad molecules show fluorescence exclusively either from TDI or from an intermediate (oxidized) species but never from PMI. Because PMI and TDI are chromophores with high fluorescence quantum yields and high resistance to photobleaching compared to NMI, 360-nm excitation of a single triad molecule leads to bleaching of NMI chromophores with no chance for PMI to be observed. The spatial positioning and the spectral properties of the chosen rylene chromophores make this multichromophoric system an efficient light collector, able to capture light over the whole visible spectral range and to transfer it finally to the core TDI, the latter releasing it as red fluorescence. C1 Katholieke Univ Leuven, Dept Chem, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Max Planck Inst Polymer Res, D-55128 Mainz, Germany. Catholic Univ Louvain, Unite CMAT, B-1348 Louvain, Belgium. EM johan.hofkens@chem.kuleuven.ac.be; frans.deschryver@chem.kuleuven.ac.be RI Cotlet, Mircea/C-5004-2008; Vosch, Tom/B-4234-2015; OI Vosch, Tom/0000-0001-5435-2181; Habuchi, Satoshi/0000-0002-6663-2807; Hofkens, Johan/0000-0002-9101-0567 NR 37 TC 118 Z9 118 U1 2 U2 34 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JUL 13 PY 2005 VL 127 IS 27 BP 9760 EP 9768 DI 10.1021/ja042656o PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 944MX UT WOS:000230434200031 PM 15998080 ER PT J AU Monazam, ER Shadle, LJ Mei, JS Spenik, J AF Monazam, ER Shadle, LJ Mei, JS Spenik, J TI Identification and characteristics of different flow regimes in a circulating fluidized bed SO POWDER TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE transport velocity; circulating fluidized bed; flow regimes; gas solids flows; transient method; fast fluidization ID TRANSIENT METHOD; GAS; VELOCITIES; PARTICLES; TRANSPORT; CLASSIFICATION; TRANSITIONS AB A series of experiments was conducted in a 0.3-m diameter circulating fluidized bed (CFB) cold model to evaluate the operating flow regimes and their transitions. A single unambiguous experimental method was developed to identify the transitions between CFB operating regimes. Experiments were conducted at riser gas velocities ranging from dense phase turbulent, through fast fluidization (S-shape riser pressure profile), and up to dilute-phase flow regimes. A transient method was applied to a low density, Geldart Type B, cork bed material. Two distinct transition velocities were found by analyzing the time required to empty out all solids from the riser of the CFB after cutting off solids flow. The lowest transition velocity marked the transition between the dense-phase turbulent and the fast fluidization flow regimes, while a higher or second transition represented the transition between the fast fluidization and the dilute-phase flow regimes. Based on the experimental results, the axial pressures and its fluctuations along the riser exhibited markedly distinct profiles in each of the three different operating flow regime regions as defined by these two transport velocities. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. REM Engn Serv, PLLC, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Shadle, LJ (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, 3610 Collins Ferry Rd, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. EM lshadl@netl.doe.gov OI Shadle, Lawrence/0000-0002-6283-3628 NR 26 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0032-5910 J9 POWDER TECHNOL JI Powder Technol. PD JUL 13 PY 2005 VL 155 IS 1 BP 17 EP 25 DI 10.1016/j.powtec.2005.03.019 PG 9 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 955BN UT WOS:000231199800003 ER PT J AU Anbanandam, A Urbauer, RJB Bartlett, RK Smallwood, HS Squier, TC Urbauer, JL AF Anbanandam, A Urbauer, RJB Bartlett, RK Smallwood, HS Squier, TC Urbauer, JL TI Mediating molecular recognition by methionine oxidation: Conformational switching by oxidation of methionine in the carboxyl-terminal domain of calmodulin SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PROTEIN SECONDARY STRUCTURE; MEMBRANE CA-ATPASE; CIRCULAR-DICHROISM SPECTRA; CYCLIC-NUCLEOTIDE PHOSPHODIESTERASE; CHEMICAL-SHIFT INDEX; LIGHT-CHAIN KINASE; BINDING DOMAIN; MULTIDIMENSIONAL NMR; OXIDIZED CALMODULIN; SULFOXIDE REDUCTASE AB The C-terminus of calmodulin (CaM) functions as a sensor of oxidative stress, with oxidation of methionine 144 and 145 inducing a nonproductive association of the oxidized CaM with the plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPase (PMCA) and other target proteins to downregulate cellular metabolism. To better understand the structural underpinnings and mechanism of this switch, we have engineered a CaM mutant (CaM-L7) that pen-nits the site-specific oxidation of M 144 and M 145, and we have used NMR spectroscopy to identify structural changes in CaM and CaM-L7 and changes in the interactions between CaM-L7 and the CaM-binding sequence of the PMCA (C28W) due to methionine oxidation. In CaM and CaM-L7, methionine oxidation results in nominal secondary structural changes, but chemical shift changes and line broadening in NMR spectra indicate significant tertiary structural changes. For CaM-L7 bound to C28W, main chain and side chain chemical shift perturbations indicate that oxidation of M144 and Mk145 leads to large tertiary structural changes in the C-terminal hydrophobic pocet involving residues that comprise the interface with C28W. Smaller changes in the N-terminal domain also involving residues that interact with C28W are observed, as are changes in the central linker region. At the C-terminal helix, H-1(alpha), C-13(alpha), and (CO)-C-13 chemical shift changes indicate decreased helical character, with a complete loss of helicity for M144 and M145. Using C-13-filtered, C-13-edited NMR experiments, dramatic changes in intermolecular contacts between residues in the C-terminal domain of CaM-L7 and C28W accompany oxidation of M144 and M145, with an essentially complete loss of contacts between C28W and M144 and M145. We propose that the inability of CaM to fully activate the PMCA after methionine oxidation originates in a reduced helical propensity for M144 and M145, and results primarily from a global rearrangement of the tertiary structure of the C-terminal globular domain that substantially alters the interaction of this domain with the PMCA. C1 Univ Georgia, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. Univ Georgia, Dept Chem, Athens, GA 30602 USA. Univ Kansas, Dept Mol Biosci, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental Sci Directorate, Div Biol Sci, Cell Biol & Biochem Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Urbauer, JL (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, 120 Green St,Davison Life Sci Complex, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM urbauer@chem.uga.edu FU NIA NIH HHS [AG17996] NR 55 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD JUL 12 PY 2005 VL 44 IS 27 BP 9486 EP 9496 DI 10.1021/bi0504963 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 944YA UT WOS:000230465900010 PM 15996103 ER PT J AU Gout, D Barker, TJ Gourdon, O Miller, GJ AF Gout, D Barker, TJ Gourdon, O Miller, GJ TI A new superstructure for the BaAl4-structure type: An experimental and theoretical study of La2NiAl7 SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; STRUCTURAL STABILITY; POLAR INTERMETALLICS; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; TERNARY SILICIDES; ELECTRON COUNT; BAAL4-TYPE; AL; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; ALUMINIDES AB A new ternary aluminide, La2NiAl7, has been synthesized from the elements in sealed silica tubes. The crystal structure of La2NiAl7 was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and crystallizes in the tetragonal space group 14mm (No. 123) with Z = 4 and lattice parameters a = 6.221(3) and c = 21.403(2) angstrom. Refinement based on F-0(2) yielded R-1 = 0.0313 and wR(2) = 0.0392 [I > 2 sigma(I)]. It is a new structure type, which belongs to the family of BaAl4-related structures. The La2NiAl7 structure corresponds to a 3D superstructure (root 2a x root 2b x 2c) of the BaAl4-structure type, whereas La3Al11 is only a 1D superstructure (3a x b x c). Tight-binding band structure calculations using the density functional theory have been carried out to understand the structural stability of La2NiAl7 as well as La3Al11. C1 Iowa State Univ, US Dept Energy, Dept Chem & Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Miller, GJ (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, US Dept Energy, Dept Chem & Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM gmiller@iastate.edu NR 39 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0897-4756 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD JUL 12 PY 2005 VL 17 IS 14 BP 3661 EP 3667 DI 10.1021/cm050513a PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 945BL UT WOS:000230475600014 ER PT J AU Hammerl, A Hiskey, MA Holl, G Klapotke, TM Polborn, K Stierstorfer, R Weigand, JJ AF Hammerl, A Hiskey, MA Holl, G Klapotke, TM Polborn, K Stierstorfer, R Weigand, JJ TI Azidoformamidinium and guanidinium 5,5'-azotetrazolate salts SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID HYDROGEN-BOND PATTERNS; CHEMISTRY; DETONATIONS; AMINOGUANIDINE; DINITRAMIDE; SET AB Energetic salts of the 5,5'-azotetrazolate anion with different guandidinium cations were investigated, including bis(guanidinium) 5,5'-azotetrazolate (GZT), bis(aminoguanidinium) 5,5'-azotetrazolate (AGZT), bis(aminoguanidinium) 5,5'-azotetrazolate monohydrate (AGZTH), bis(diaminoguanidinium) 5,5'-azotetrazolate (DAGZT), bis(triaminoguanidinium) 5,5'-azotetrazolate (TAGZT), and bis(azidoformamidinium) 5,5'-azotetrazolate (AFZT). AGZT was obtained according to the literature as the monohydrate (AGZTH), and DAGZT was synthesized for the first time. All salts were fully characterized by vibrational spectroscopy (IR, Raman), multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, and elemental analysis. Safety testing (impact and friction sensitivity) was performed to find safe handling procedures. The crystal structures of AFZT and AGZTH, which crystallize in the monoclinic space groups P2(1)/n and C2/c, were determined. The thermal decomposition of the salts was monitored by differential scanning calorimetry, and the gaseous products of the explosions of all compounds were identified with mass spectrometry and IR spectroscopy. C1 Univ Munich, Chair Inorgan Chem, D-81377 Munich, Germany. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Swisttal Heimerzheim, Bundeswehr Res Inst Mat Fuels & Lubricants, D-53913 Swisttal, Germany. RP Klapotke, TM (reprint author), Univ Munich, Chair Inorgan Chem, Butenandstr 5-13, D-81377 Munich, Germany. EM tmk@cup.uni-muenchen.de RI Weigand, Jan/E-7618-2010; Stierstorfer, Joerg/B-5261-2015; Klapoetke, Thomas/B-6055-2014 OI Stierstorfer, Joerg/0000-0002-2105-1275; Klapoetke, Thomas/0000-0003-3276-1157 NR 49 TC 142 Z9 155 U1 2 U2 26 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0897-4756 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD JUL 12 PY 2005 VL 17 IS 14 BP 3784 EP 3793 DI 10.1021/cm050684f PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 945BL UT WOS:000230475600029 ER PT J AU Zeng, Z Natesan, K AF Zeng, Z Natesan, K TI Relationship between the growth of carbon nanofilaments and metal dusting corrosion SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; FE-CR; FILAMENT GROWTH; MECHANISM; GRAPHITE; NANOTUBES; NI; TEMPERATURE; CATALYSTS; ALLOYS AB Raman scattering, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy were used to study the mechanism of the catalytic crystallization of carbon and metal dusting corrosion. A mechanism is proposed for both metal dusting and the growth of carbon fibers. Carbon cannot crystallize well by deposition from carburizing gases at low temperature without catalytic activation because of its strong C-C bonds and high melting temperature. To form good crystalline carbon, the carbon atoms must dissolve, diffuse through metal particles, and crystallize on an appropriate facet that can act as a template to help the epitaxial growth of carbon crystals. In this process, metal particles are liberated from the pure metal and alloys. This liberation leads to the metal dusting phenomenon. The catalytic growth of carbon filaments is due to the transportation of carbon from one facet of a metal or carbide particle that favors carbon deposition to another facet that favors carbon precipitation. The free energy of poor crystalline carbon is higher than that of good crystalline carbon. The decrease in free energy from highly disordered carbon to well-ordered carbon is the driving force for metal dusting and for growth of carbon filaments through metal particles. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Zeng, Z (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM zeng@anl.gov NR 40 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 4 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0897-4756 EI 1520-5002 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD JUL 12 PY 2005 VL 17 IS 14 BP 3794 EP 3801 DI 10.1021/cm050712u PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 945BL UT WOS:000230475600030 ER PT J AU Hinz, JM Yamada, NA Salazar, EP Tebbs, RS Thompson, LH AF Hinz, JM Yamada, NA Salazar, EP Tebbs, RS Thompson, LH TI Influence of double-strand-break repair pathways on radiosensitivity throughout the cell cycle in CHO cells SO DNA REPAIR LA English DT Article DE homologous recombination; nonhomologous end joining; Fanconi anemia; DNA double-strand breaks; cell synchrony ID FANCONI-ANEMIA PROTEINS; CHINESE-HAMSTER CELLS; OXIDATIVE DNA-DAMAGE; X-RAY SENSITIVITY; HOMOLOGOUS RECOMBINATION; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; IONIZING-RADIATION; REPLICATION FORKS; VERTEBRATE CELLS; CHROMOSOME STABILITY AB Unrepaired DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) produced by ionizing radiation (IR) are a major determinant of cell killing. To determine the contribution of DNA repair pathways to the well-established cell cycle variation in IR sensitivity, we compared the radiosensitivity of wild-type CHO cells to mutant lines defective in nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ). homologous recombination repair (HRR), and the Fanconi anemia pathway. Cells were irradiated with IR doses that killed similar to 90% of each asynchronous population. separated into synchronous fractions by centrifugal elutriation, and assayed for survival (colony formation). Wild-type cells had lowest resistance in early G 1 and highest resistance in S phase, followed by declining resistance as cells move into G2/M. In contrast, HR-defective cells (xrcc3 mutation) were most resistant in early G1 and became progressively less resistant in S and G2/M. indicating that the S-phase resistance in wild-type cells requires HRR. Cells defective in NHEJ (dna-pk(cs) mutation) were exquisitely sensitive in early G1. most resistant in S phase, and then somewhat less resistant in G2/M. Fancg mutant cells had almost normal IR sensitivity and normal cell cycle dependence. suggesting that Fancg contributes modestly to survival and in a manner that is independent of cell cycle position. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biosci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Thompson, LH (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biosci Directorate, POB 808,L441, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM thompson14@llnl.gov FU NCI NIH HHS [CA89405] NR 79 TC 67 Z9 69 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1568-7864 J9 DNA REPAIR JI DNA Repair PD JUL 12 PY 2005 VL 4 IS 7 BP 782 EP 792 DI 10.1016/j.dnarep.2005.03.005 PG 11 WC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 943RK UT WOS:000230371700004 PM 15951249 ER PT J AU Lin, LH Hall, J Lippmann-Pipke, J Ward, JA Lollar, BS DeFlaun, M Rothmel, R Moser, D Gihring, TM Mislowack, B Onstott, TC AF Lin, LH Hall, J Lippmann-Pipke, J Ward, JA Lollar, BS DeFlaun, M Rothmel, R Moser, D Gihring, TM Mislowack, B Onstott, TC TI Radiolytic H-2 in continental crust: Nuclear power for deep subsurface microbial communities SO GEOCHEMISTRY GEOPHYSICS GEOSYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE continental crust; hydrogen; radiolysis; subsurface ecosystems; biogeosciences : geomicrobiology; biogeosciences : life in extreme environments ID SOUTH-AFRICA; WITWATERSRAND BASIN; REDOX CONDITIONS; HYDROGEN GAS; GEOCHEMISTRY; AQUIFER; ORIGIN; MICROORGANISMS; ECOSYSTEMS; GENERATION AB H-2 is probably the most important substrate for terrestrial subsurface lithoautotrophic microbial communities. Abiotic H-2 generation is an essential component of subsurface ecosystems truly independent of surface photosynthesis. Here we report that H-2 concentrations in fracture water collected from deep siliclastic and volcanic rock units in the Witwatersrand Basin, South Africa, ranged up to two molar, a value far greater than observed in shallow aquifers or marine sediments. The high H-2 concentrations are consistent with that predicted by radiolytic dissociation of H2O during radioactive decay of U, Th, and K in the host rock and the observed He concentrations. None of the other known H-2-generating mechanisms can account for such high H2 abundance either because of the positive free energy imposed by the high H-2 concentration or pH or because of the absence of required mineral phases. The radiolytic H-2 is consumed by methanogens and abiotic hydrocarbon synthesis. Our calculations indicate that radiolytic H-2 production is a ubiquitous and virtually limitless source of energy for deep crustal chemolithoautotrophic ecosystems. C1 Princeton Univ, Dept Geosci, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. Carnegie Inst Washington, Geophys Lab, Washington, DC 20015 USA. Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Palisades, NY 10964 USA. Geoforschungszentrum Potsdam, D-14473 Potsdam, Germany. Univ Toronto, Dept Geol & Geophys, Stable Isotope Lab, Toronto, ON M5S 3D1, Canada. GeoSyntec Consultants, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. Shaw Grp, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Lin, LH (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Geosci, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. RI Lin, Li-Hung/K-8091-2012; Lippmann-Pipke, Johanna/D-7987-2011; OI Lippmann-Pipke, Johanna/0000-0002-9765-3803; Lin, Li-Hung/0000-0002-0985-1464 NR 41 TC 50 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 33 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 1525-2027 J9 GEOCHEM GEOPHY GEOSY JI Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst. PD JUL 12 PY 2005 VL 6 AR Q07003 DI 10.1029/2004GC000907 PG 13 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 950BL UT WOS:000230832500003 ER PT J AU Mao, WL Meng, Y Shen, GY Prakapenka, VB Campbell, AJ Heinz, DL Shu, JF Caracas, R Cohen, RE Fei, YW Hemley, RJ Mao, HK AF Mao, WL Meng, Y Shen, GY Prakapenka, VB Campbell, AJ Heinz, DL Shu, JF Caracas, R Cohen, RE Fei, YW Hemley, RJ Mao, HK TI Iron-rich silicates in the Earth's D '' layer SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE core-mantle boundary; high pressure; mineral physics; post-perovskite ID CORE-MANTLE BOUNDARY; POST-PEROVSKITE PHASE; MGSIO3 PEROVSKITE; VELOCITY ZONES; ELASTICITY; TRANSITION; STABILITY; PRESSURE AB High-pressure experiments and theoretical calculations demonstrate that an iron-rich ferromagnesian silicate phase can be synthesized at the pressure-temperature conditions near the core-mantle boundary. The iron-rich phase is up to 20% denser than any known silicate at the core-mantle boundary. The high mean atomic number of the silicate greatly reduces the seismic velocity and provides an explanation to the low-velocity and ultra-low-velocity zones. Formation of this previously undescribed phase from reaction between the silicate mantle and the iron core may be responsible for the unusual geophysical and geochemical signatures observed at the base of the lower mantle. C1 Univ Chicago, Dept Geophys Sci, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Chicago, Chicago Ctr Cosmochem, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Carnegie Inst Sci, Geophys Lab, Washington, DC 20015 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, High Pressure Collaborat Access Team, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Chicago, James Franck Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Chicago, Ctr Adv Radiat Sources, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Univ Chicago, Dept Geophys Sci, 5734 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. EM wmao@uchicago.edu RI Mao, Wendy/D-1885-2009; Cohen, Ronald/B-3784-2010; Shen, Guoyin/D-6527-2011; Fei, Yingwei/F-3709-2011; Caracas, Razvan/C-8115-2012 OI Cohen, Ronald/0000-0001-5871-2359; Fei, Yingwei/0000-0001-9955-5353; NR 30 TC 64 Z9 64 U1 0 U2 11 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JUL 12 PY 2005 VL 102 IS 28 BP 9751 EP 9753 DI 10.1073/pnas.0503737102 PG 3 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 946AU UT WOS:000230545100005 PM 15994226 ER PT J AU Hughes, JR Cheng, JF Ventress, N Prabhakar, S Clark, K Anguita, E De Gobbi, M de Jong, P Rubin, E Higgs, DR AF Hughes, JR Cheng, JF Ventress, N Prabhakar, S Clark, K Anguita, E De Gobbi, M de Jong, P Rubin, E Higgs, DR TI Annotation of cis-regulatory elements by identification, subclassification, and functional assessment of multispecies conserved sequences SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE conserved noncoding elements; gene regulation; globin gene; comparative genomics ID GLOBIN GENE-CLUSTER; HUMAN TELOMERIC REGION; ALPHA-GLOBIN; INSITU HYBRIDIZATION; CHROMOSOME STRUCTURE; COMPARATIVE GENOMICS; MAMMALIAN EVOLUTION; CPG-ISLANDS; DNA; EXPRESSION AB An important step toward improving the annotation of the human genome is to identify cis-acting regulatory elements from primary DNA sequence. One approach is to compare sequences from multiple, divergent species. This approach distinguishes multispecies conserved sequences (MCS) in noncoding regions from more rapidly evolving neutral DNA. Here, we have analyzed a region of approximate to 238kb containing the human a globin cluster that was sequenced and/or annotated across the syntenic region in 22 species spanning 500 million years of evolution. Using a variety of bioinformatic approaches and correlating the results with many aspects of chromosome structure and function in this region, we were able to identify and evaluate the importance of 24 individual MCSs. This approach sensitively and accurately identified previously characterized regulatory elements but also discovered unidentified promoters, exons, splicing, and transcriptional regulatory elements. Together, these studies demonstrate an integrated approach by which to identify, subclassify, and predict the potential importance of MCSs. C1 John Radcliffe Hosp, Weatherall Inst Mol Med, MRC, Council Mol Heamatol Unit, Oxford OX3 9DS, England. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Energy Joint Genome Inst, Genom Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Childrens Hosp, Oakland, CA 94609 USA. Res Ctr Oakland, Oakland, CA 94609 USA. RP Higgs, DR (reprint author), John Radcliffe Hosp, Weatherall Inst Mol Med, MRC, Council Mol Heamatol Unit, Oxford OX3 9DS, England. EM doug.higgs@imm.ox.ac.uk RI De Gobbi, Marco/E-8136-2013; OI De Gobbi, Marco/0000-0003-4261-7642 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL66728] NR 45 TC 83 Z9 87 U1 3 U2 5 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JUL 12 PY 2005 VL 102 IS 28 BP 9830 EP 9835 DI 10.1073/pnas.0503401102 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 946AU UT WOS:000230545100019 PM 15998734 ER PT J AU Di Paola, C Gianturco, FA Lopez-Duran, D de Lara-Castells, MP Delgado-Barrio, G Villarreal, P Jellineke, J AF Di Paola, C Gianturco, FA Lopez-Duran, D de Lara-Castells, MP Delgado-Barrio, G Villarreal, P Jellineke, J TI Br-2(X)Microsolvation in helium clusters: Effect of the interaction on quantum solvent density distribution SO CHEMPHYSCHEM LA English DT Article DE ab initio calculations; bromine; cluster compounds; helium; microsolvation ID POTENTIAL-ENERGY SURFACES; MONTE-CARLO; LIQUID-HELIUM; AB-INITIO; MOLECULES; GAS; OCS; HE; CO; MICROSOLVATION AB The Born-Oppenheimer potential energy surface for the Br-2(X) molecule interacting with a varying number of He-4 bosons is constructed following two different schemes which employ either a full ab initio evaluation of the Br-2-He interaction forces or an estimate of the latter through an empirical model. Both descriptions are employed by carrying out diffusion Monte Carlo (DMC) calculations of the ground-state energies and quantum wave-functions for Br-2-(He)n clusters with n up to 24. The results clearly indicate, for both interactions, the occurrence of the full solvation of the molecular dopant within the quantum bosonic "solvent" but also show differences between the two models in terms of the expected density distributions of the surrounding particles within the shorter-range region that makes up the clusters with smaller n values. Our calculations also show that such differences become insignificant for the larger He-4 clusters surrounding the Br-2 molecule, where density profiles and bulk behaviour are chiefly driven by the solvent structure, once n values reach the region of 15-20 adatoms. C1 Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dept Chem, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Univ Roma La Sapienza, INFM, I-00185 Rome, Italy. CSIC, Inst Matemat & Fis Fundamental, E-28006 Madrid, Spain. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Gianturco, FA (reprint author), Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dept Chem, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy. EM fa.gianturco@caspur.it RI de Lara-Castells, Maria Pilar/C-5846-2014; Villarreal, Pablo/K-2397-2014 OI de Lara-Castells, Maria Pilar/0000-0001-8697-5770; NR 32 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 3 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1439-4235 J9 CHEMPHYSCHEM JI ChemPhysChem PD JUL 11 PY 2005 VL 6 IS 7 BP 1348 EP 1356 DI 10.1002/cphc.200400530 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 945SG UT WOS:000230521900021 PM 15968696 ER PT J AU Gorelsky, SI Basumallick, L Vura-Weis, J Sarangi, R Hodgson, KO Hedman, B Fujisawa, K Solomon, EI AF Gorelsky, SI Basumallick, L Vura-Weis, J Sarangi, R Hodgson, KO Hedman, B Fujisawa, K Solomon, EI TI Spectroscopic and DFT investigation of [M{HB(3,5-(i)Pr(2)pz)(3)}(SC6F5)] (M = Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn) model complexes: Periodic trends in metal-thiolate bonding SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONIC POPULATION ANALYSIS; MOLECULAR WAVE FUNCTIONS; BLUE COPPER PROTEINS; LIGAND K-EDGE; RAY-ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY; DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; ENERGY DECOMPOSITION; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; COBALT(II) DERIVATIVES AB A series of metal-varied [ML(SC6F5)] model complexes (where L = hydrotris(3,5-diisopropyl-1- pyrazolyl) borate and M = Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn) related to blue copper proteins has been studied by a combination of absorption, MCD, resonance Raman, and S K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopies. Density functional calculations have been used to characterize these complexes and calculate their spectra. The observed variations in geometry, spectra, and bond energies are interpreted in terms of changes in the nature of metal-ligand bonding interactions. The metal 3d-ligand orbital interaction, which contributes to covalent bonding in these complexes, becomes stronger going from Mn(II) to Co(II) (the a contribution) and to Cu(II) (the g contribution). This change in the covalency results from the increased effective nuclear charge of the metal atom in going from Mn(II) to Zn(II) and the change in the 3d orbital populations (d(5)-> d(10)). Ionic bonding also plays an important role in determining the overall strength of the ML+-SC6F5- interaction. However, there is a compensating effect: as the covalent contribution to the metal-ligand bonding increases, the ionic contribution decreases. These results provide insight into the Irving-Williams series, where it is found that the bonding of the ligand being replaced by the thiolate makes a major contribution to the observed order of the stability constants over the series of metal ions. C1 Stanford Univ, Dept Chem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Univ Tsukuba, Dept Chem, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058571, Japan. RP Fujisawa, K (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Chem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM Edward.Solomon@Stanford.edu FU NCRR NIH HHS [P41 RR001209, P41 RR001209-29, RR-01209] NR 64 TC 120 Z9 120 U1 8 U2 31 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD JUL 11 PY 2005 VL 44 IS 14 BP 4947 EP 4960 DI 10.1021/ic050371m PG 14 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 946EO UT WOS:000230555400014 PM 15998022 ER PT J AU Bryantsev, VS Hay, BP AF Bryantsev, VS Hay, BP TI Using the MMFF94 model to predict structures and energies for hydrogen-bonded urea-anion complexes SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE-THEOCHEM LA English DT Article DE MMFF94 force field; hydrogen bond complexes; anion; urea ID MOLECULAR-FORCE FIELD; VAN-DER-WAALS; CONFORMATIONAL PREORGANIZATION; BINDING PROPERTIES; DONOR GROUPS; RECEPTORS; RECOGNITION; HOST; DERIVATIVES; PARAMETERS AB The performance of the MMFF94 model has been compared with density functional theory (B3LYP/DZVP2) in calculation of hydrogen-bonded complexes of urea with three differently shaped CI-, NO3-, and CIO4- anions. After modification of selected van der Waals parameters, good agreement between the two methods was obtained for geometric parameters and relative conformational energies. Absolute values of MMFF94 binding energies are underestimated, but application of a systematic correction yields binding energies that are within +/- 1 kcal/mol of B3LYP/DZVP2 values. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Richland, WA 99354 USA. RP Hay, BP (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, POB 999, Richland, WA 99354 USA. EM ben.hay@pnl.gov RI Bryantsev, Vyacheslav/M-5111-2016 OI Bryantsev, Vyacheslav/0000-0002-6501-6594 NR 55 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-1280 J9 J MOL STRUC-THEOCHEM JI Theochem-J. Mol. Struct. PD JUL 11 PY 2005 VL 725 IS 1-3 BP 177 EP 182 DI 10.1016/j.theochem.2005.03.039 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 952CO UT WOS:000230979600026 ER PT J AU Power, JG Wang, H Conde, ME Gai, W Konecny, R Liu, W Yusof, Z AF Power, JG Wang, H Conde, ME Gai, W Konecny, R Liu, W Yusof, Z TI Transverse beam envelope measurements and the limitations of the 3-screen emittance method for space-charge dominated beams SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE electron beam; emittance; high brightness; photocathode; RF gun; beam envelope AB In its normal mode of operation, the Argonne Wakefield Accelerator Facility uses a high charge (10-100 nC), short pulse (3-5ps) drive bunch to excite high-gradient accelerating fields in various slow-wave structures. To generate this bunch, we designed a 1.5 cell, L-band, rf photocathode gun with an emittance compensating solenoid to give optimal performance at high charge; it has recently completed commissioning. More recently, we have begun to investigate the possibility of using this gun in a high-brightness, low-charge operating mode, with charge equal to approximately I nC, for high-precision measurements of wakefields. Two related measurements are reported on in this paper: (1) measurements of the transverse beam envelope are compared to predictions from the beam dynamics code PARMELA; and (2) investigations into the use of a modified 3-screen emittance measurement method that uses a beam envelope model that includes both space-charge and emittance effects. Both measurements were made for the 1 nC, 8 MeV beam in the drift region directly following the rf photocathode gun. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, High Energy Phys Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Power, JG (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, High Energy Phys Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM jp@anl.gov NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 11 PY 2005 VL 546 IS 3 BP 345 EP 355 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2005.02.034 PG 11 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 945YL UT WOS:000230538800001 ER PT J AU Perajarvi, K Cerny, J Hakala, J Huikari, J Jokinen, A Karvonen, P Kurpeta, J Lee, D Moore, I Penttila, H Popov, A Aysto, J AF Perajarvi, K Cerny, J Hakala, J Huikari, J Jokinen, A Karvonen, P Kurpeta, J Lee, D Moore, I Penttila, H Popov, A Aysto, J TI New ion-guide for the production of beams of neutron-rich nuclei between Z=20-28 SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE ion-guide; on-line isotope separation ID FUSION-EVAPORATION REACTIONS; MULTINUCLEON TRANSFER; IGISOL TECHNIQUE; DECAY; ISOTOPES; FISSION; COLLISIONS; MANGANESE; NICKEL; COBALT AB It has been shown for the first time that quasi- and deep-inelastic reactions can be successfully incorporated into the conventional Ion-Guide Isotope Separator On-Line (IGISOL) technique. This is of particular interest for characterizing the decay properties of refractory elements and is applied to neutron-rich nuclei between Z = 20-28. As a first step of this project, the kinematics of quasi- and deep-inelastic reactions, such as Au-197((CU)-C-65,X)Y, were studied. Based on these studies, a specialized IGISOL target chamber was designed and built. This chamber was tested in on- and off-line conditions at the Jyvaskyla IGISOL facility. Yields of radioactive, projectile-like species such as Co-62. 63 are about 0.8 ions/s/pnA corresponding to a total IGISOL efficiency of about 0.06%. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Jyvaskyla, Dept Phys, FIN-40014 Jyvaskyla, Finland. Univ Warsaw, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Nucl Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. St Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, Gatchina 188350, Russia. RP Perajarvi, K (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM KPerajarvi@lbl.gov RI Penttila, Heikki/A-4420-2013; Moore, Iain/D-7255-2014; Jokinen, Ari/C-2477-2017; OI Moore, Iain/0000-0003-0934-8727; Jokinen, Ari/0000-0002-0451-125X; Lee, Dongwon/0000-0003-3133-5199 NR 17 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 11 PY 2005 VL 546 IS 3 BP 418 EP 425 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2005.03.124 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 945YL UT WOS:000230538800007 ER PT J AU Fraenkel, Z Kozlov, A Naglis, M Ravinovich, I Shekhtman, L Tserruya, I Azmoun, B Woody, C Sawada, S Yokkaichi, S Milov, A Gunji, T Hamagaki, H Inuzuka, M Isobe, T Morino, Y Oda, SX Ozawa, K Saito, S Sakaguchi, T Yamaguchi, Y AF Fraenkel, Z Kozlov, A Naglis, M Ravinovich, I Shekhtman, L Tserruya, I Azmoun, B Woody, C Sawada, S Yokkaichi, S Milov, A Gunji, T Hamagaki, H Inuzuka, M Isobe, T Morino, Y Oda, SX Ozawa, K Saito, S Sakaguchi, T Yamaguchi, Y TI A hadron blind detector for the PHENIX experiment at RHIC SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE HBD; GEM; CsI photocathode; UV-photon detector; CF4 ID CSI-COATED GEM; AU COLLISIONS; GAS; PHOTOMULTIPLIER; OPERATION; CF4 AB A Hadron Blind Detector (HBD) is being developed for the PHENIX experiment at RHIC. It consists of a Cherenkov radiator operated with pure CF4 directly coupled in a windowless configuration to a triple-GEM detector element with a CsI photocathode and pad readout. The HBD operates in the bandwidth 6-11.5 eV (110-200 nm). We studied the detector response to minimum ionizing particles and to electrons. We present measurements of the CsI quantum efficiency, which are in very good agreement with previously published results over the bandwidth 6-8.3 eV and extend them up to 10.3 eV. Discharge probability and aging studies of the GEMs and the CsI photocathode in pure CF4 are presented. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Weizmann Inst Sci, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Univ Tokyo, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. Waseda Univ, Tokyo 1620044, Japan. RP Tserruya, I (reprint author), Weizmann Inst Sci, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. EM itzhak.tserruya@weizmann.ac.il RI HAMAGAKI, HIDEKI/G-4899-2014; Yokkaichi, Satoshi/C-6215-2017 NR 14 TC 68 Z9 68 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 EI 1872-9576 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 11 PY 2005 VL 546 IS 3 BP 466 EP 480 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2005.02.039 PG 15 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 945YL UT WOS:000230538800012 ER PT J AU Kim, SH AF Kim, SH TI A scaling law for the magnetic fields of superconducting undulators SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE synchrotron radiation; undulator; superconductivity ID DESIGN AB A scaling law for the calculation of the peak magnetic fields in the midplane of planar superconducting undulators (SCUs) was deduced from numerical analyses. The scaling law, which is a constant of (current density) x (period), requires the scaling of the SCU dimensions according to a period ratio. Under the scaling law, not only the peak field and coil maximum field, but also the whole field distribution remained unchanged. Using the scaling law, the peak fields for a period range of 8-40 mm were calculated from a data set computed for SCUs with NbTi superconducting coils for a period of 16 mm and a gap/period ratio g/lambda = 0.5. From numerical analyses for one case of coil dimensions, the dependence of the peak field on g/lambda. was deduced to exp(-pi g/lambda), which underestimated the peak field up to 4% for g/lambda > 0.2. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Kim, SH (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM shkim@aps.anl.gov NR 15 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUL 11 PY 2005 VL 546 IS 3 BP 604 EP 619 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2005.03.150 PG 16 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 945YL UT WOS:000230538800023 ER PT J AU Santi, P Beddingfield, DH Mayo, DR AF Santi, P Beddingfield, DH Mayo, DR TI Revised prompt neutron emission multiplicity distributions for Pu-236,Pu-238 SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article DE Pu-236; Pu-238; prompt neutron emission multiplicity ID FISSION; PROBABILITIES AB The prompt neutron en-fission multiplicity distributions and average values (P-v and < v >, respectively) for nuclei which decay via spontaneous fission have been reevaluated. In the cases of Pu-236 and Pu-238, inconsistencies were found in the recommended values for P-v and < v > that were given in the most recent compilation of neutron emission multiplicity distributions from the fission of uranium and transuranium nuclides. In correcting for these inconsistencies, the values of < v > for Pu-236 and Pu-238 have now been revised to 2.07 +/- 0.13 and 2.19 +/- 0.07, respectively. The corresponding neutron emission probabilities for these two nuclei have also been revised in order to take into account the new recommended < v > values. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Safeguards Sci & Technol Grp N1, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Santi, P (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Safeguards Sci & Technol Grp N1, MS E540, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM psanti@lanl.gov NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUL 11 PY 2005 VL 756 IS 3-4 BP 325 EP 332 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2005.04.002 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 939NA UT WOS:000230078500003 ER PT J AU Ikeda, T McLerran, L AF Ikeda, T McLerran, L TI Impact parameter dependence in the Balitsky-Kovchegov equation SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article ID GLUON DISTRIBUTION-FUNCTIONS; POMERON FAN DIAGRAMS; SMALL-X; LARGE NUCLEI; SATURATION; QCD; REPRESENTATION; SCATTERING; UNITARITY; EVOLUTION AB We study an impact parameter dependence of solutions of the Balitsky-Kovchegov (BK) equation. We argue that if the kernel of the BK integral equation is regulated to cutoff infrared singularities, then it can be approximated by an equation without diffusion in impact parameter. For some purposes, when momentum scales large compared to Lambda(QCD) are probed, the kernel may be approximated as massless. In particular, we find that the Froissart bound limit is saturated for physical initial conditions and seem to be independent of the cutoff as long as the cutoff is sufficiently large compared to the momentum scale associated with the large distance falloff of the impact parameter distribution. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN, BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Ikeda, T (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN, BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM takashi_ikeda@dol.hi-ho.ne.jp NR 38 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD JUL 11 PY 2005 VL 756 IS 3-4 BP 385 EP 398 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2005.03.019 PG 14 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 939NA UT WOS:000230078500006 ER PT J AU Efimov, A Taylor, AJ AF Efimov, A Taylor, AJ TI Cross-correlation frequency-resolved optical gating for studying ultrashort-pulse nonlinear dynamics in arbitrary fibers SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID PROPAGATION; PHASE AB We describe a cross-correlation frequency-resolved optical-gating system specifically designed for studying nonlinear pulse-propagation dynamics in fibers of arbitrary length at telecommunication wavelengths, The formation of optical solitons and the appearance of temporal phase slips are observed in 100 m of fiber. The wide phase-matching bandwidth and high sensitivity of this system allow us to visualize femtosecond-pulse evolution in a range of linear and nonlinear propagation regimes. (c) 2005 Optical Society of America. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Efimov, A (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, MST-10,Mail Stop K764, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM efimov@lanl.gov OI Efimov, Anatoly/0000-0002-5559-4147 NR 11 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD JUL 10 PY 2005 VL 44 IS 20 BP 4408 EP 4411 DI 10.1364/AO.44.004408 PG 4 WC Optics SC Optics GA 943PR UT WOS:000230366700029 PM 16045232 ER PT J AU Soderberg, AM Kulkarni, SR Fox, DB Berger, E Price, PA Cenko, SB Howell, DA Gal-Yam, A Leonard, DC Frail, DA Moon, D Chevalier, RA Hamuy, M Hurley, KC Kelson, D Koviak, K Krzeminski, W Kumar, P MacFadyen, A McCarthy, PJ Park, HS Peterson, BA Phillips, MM Rauch, M Roth, M Schmidt, BP Shectman, S AF Soderberg, AM Kulkarni, SR Fox, DB Berger, E Price, PA Cenko, SB Howell, DA Gal-Yam, A Leonard, DC Frail, DA Moon, D Chevalier, RA Hamuy, M Hurley, KC Kelson, D Koviak, K Krzeminski, W Kumar, P MacFadyen, A McCarthy, PJ Park, HS Peterson, BA Phillips, MM Rauch, M Roth, M Schmidt, BP Shectman, S TI An HST search for supernovae accompanying X-ray flashes SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE gamma rays : bursts; radiation mechanisms : nonthermal; X-rays : bursts ID CORE-COLLAPSE SUPERNOVAE; HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; LIGHT-CURVE; OPTICAL PHOTOMETRY; BURST AFTERGLOWS; IB SUPERNOVA; GRB 980425; ERROR BOX; GRB-030329; 2003DH AB We present the results from a Hubble Space Telescope ACS search for supernovae associated with X-ray flashes 020903, 040701, 040812, and 040916. We find strong evidence that XRF 020903 (z = 0.25) was associated with a SN 1998bw-like supernova and confirm this using optical spectroscopy at t similar to 25 days. We find no evidence, however, for SN1998bw-like supernovae associated with the other three events. In the case of XRF 040701 (z = 0.21), we rule out even a faint supernova similar to SN 2002ap, using template light curves for several local Type Ic supernovae. For the two cases in which the redshift is not known, XRFs 040812 and 040916, we derive robust redshift limits, assuming that they were accompanied by supernovae similar to SN 1998bw, and compare these limits with photometric redshift constraints provided by their host galaxies. We supplement this analysis with results for three additional events ( XRFs 011030, 020427, and 030723) and discuss the observed diversity of supernovae associated with X-ray flashes and gamma-ray bursts. We conclude that XRF-SNe exist but can be significantly fainter than SN 1998bw, possibly consistent with the observed spread in local Type Ibc supernovae. C1 CALTECH, Div Phys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Observ Carnegie Inst Washington, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA. Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. CALTECH, Space Radiat Lab 22047, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Univ Toronto, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H8, Canada. Natl Radio Astron Observ, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. Univ Virginia, Dept Astron, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Dept Astron, Austin, TX USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Weston, ACT 2611, Australia. RP Soderberg, AM (reprint author), CALTECH, Div Phys, 105-24, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RI Hamuy, Mario/G-7541-2016; OI Schmidt, Brian/0000-0001-6589-1287; MacFadyen, Andrew/0000-0002-0106-9013; Schmidt, Brian/0000-0002-8538-9195 NR 84 TC 79 Z9 81 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 10 PY 2005 VL 627 IS 2 BP 877 EP 887 DI 10.1086/430405 PN 1 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 941CH UT WOS:000230191800025 ER PT J AU Guzik, JA Watson, LS Cox, AN AF Guzik, JA Watson, LS Cox, AN TI Enhanced diffusion improve helioseismic agreement for solar models with revised abundances? SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE sun : abundances; sun : helioseismology; sun : interior; sun : oscillations ID EQUATION-OF-STATE; ELEMENT DIFFUSION; P-MODES; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; BISON DATA; SUN; OPAL; FREQUENCIES; ENVELOPE; UNCERTAINTIES AB Recent solar photospheric abundance analyses (by Asplund et al. and Lodders) revise the C, N, O, Ne, and Ar abundances downward by 0.15-0.2 dex compared to previous determinations by Grevesse & Sauval. The abundances of Fe and other elements are reduced by smaller amounts, 0.05-0.1 dex. With these revisions, the photospheric Z/X decreases to 0.0165 (or 0.0177, according to Lodders), and Z decreases to similar to 0.0122 (or 0.0133, according to Lodders). A number of papers (by, e. g., Basu & Antia, Montalban et al., Bahcall & Pinsonneault, Turck-Chieze et al., and Antia & Basu) report that solar models evolved with standard opacities and diffusion treatment using these new abundances give poor agreement with helioseismic inferences for sound-speed and density profile, convection-zone helium abundance, and convection-zone depth. These authors also considered a limited set of models with increased opacities, enhanced diffusion, or abundance variations to improve agreement, finding no entirely satisfactory solution. Here we explore evolved solar models with varying diffusion treatments, including enhanced diffusion with separate multipliers for helium and other elements, to reduce the photospheric abundances, while keeping the interior abundances about the same as earlier standard models. While enhanced diffusion improves agreement with some helioseismic constraints compared to a solar model evolved with the new abundances using nominal input physics, the required increases in thermal diffusion rates are unphysically large, and none of the variations tried completely restores the good agreement attained using the earlier abundances. A combination of modest opacity increases, diffusion enhancements, and abundance increases near the level of the uncertainties, while somewhat contrived, remains the most physically plausible means to restore agreement with helioseismology. The case for enhanced diffusion would be improved if the inferred convection-zone helium abundance could be reduced; we recommend reconsidering this derivation in light of new equations of state with modified abundances and other improvements. We also recommend considering, as a last resort, diluting the convection zone, which contains only 2.5% of the Sun's mass, by accretion of material depleted in the more volatile elements C, N, O, Ne, and Ar after the Sun arrived on the main sequence. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Thermonucl Appl Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Astrophys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Guzik, JA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Thermonucl Appl Grp, X-2,MS T-085, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM joy@lanl.gov; lwatson@astro.ox.ac.uk; anc@lanl.gov NR 62 TC 76 Z9 76 U1 0 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 10 PY 2005 VL 627 IS 2 BP 1049 EP 1056 DI 10.1086/430438 PN 1 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 941CH UT WOS:000230191800042 ER PT J AU Gu, MF Schmidt, M Beiersdorfer, P Chen, H Thorn, DB Trabert, E Behar, E Kahn, SM AF Gu, MF Schmidt, M Beiersdorfer, P Chen, H Thorn, DB Trabert, E Behar, E Kahn, SM TI Laboratory measurement and theoretical modeling of K-shell X-ray lines from inner-shell excited and ionized ions of oxygen SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE atomic data; galaxies : active ID REFLECTION GRATING SPECTROMETER; XMM-NEWTON; RESONANCE LINES; SPECTRA; ULTRAVIOLET; NGC-5548; IRON; SPECTROSCOPY; DIAGNOSTICS; WAVELENGTHS AB We present high-resolution laboratory spectra of K-shell X-ray lines from inner-shell excited and ionized ions of oxygen, obtained with a reflection grating spectrometer on the electron beam ion trap (EBIT-I) at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. Only with a multi-ion model including all major atomic collisional and radiative processes are we able to identify the observed K-shell transitions of oxygen ions from O III to O VI. The wavelengths and associated errors for some of the strongest transitions are given, taking into account both the experimental and modeling uncertainties. The present data should be useful in identifying the absorption features present in astrophysical sources, such as active galactic nuclei and X-ray binaries. They are also useful in providing benchmarks for the testing of theoretical atomic structure calculations. C1 Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, High Temp & Astrophys Div, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Tech Univ Dresden, D-01062 Dresden, Germany. Ruhr Univ Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Phys, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. RP Gu, MF (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, 382 Via Pueblo Mall, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. NR 31 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 6 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 10 PY 2005 VL 627 IS 2 BP 1066 EP 1071 DI 10.1086/430666 PN 1 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 941CH UT WOS:000230191800044 ER PT J AU Feibelman, PJ AF Feibelman, PJ TI A wetting layer breaks the ice rules SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID INITIO MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; FUNDAMENTAL-ASPECTS; SOLID-SURFACES; BASIS-SET; WATER; RU(0001); METALS; ADSORPTION AB Ab initio, calculations for a water layer on Ru(0 0 0 1) predict that to preserve O-Ru bonds, a substantial percentage of weaker, O-(HO)-O-... bonds will optimally be broken, even in its ground state. Thus, the axiom that wetting only occurs if water molecules bind more strongly to a surface than to each other is fundamental to understanding this wetting layer's structure. X-ray photoelectron spectra confirm the present prediction of similar to 6.7% broken H-bonds in the wetting layer at 150 K. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Surface & Interface Sci, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Sandia Natl Labs, Surface & Interface Sci, Mail Stop 1415, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM pjfeibe@sandia.gov NR 31 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 EI 1873-4448 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD JUL 10 PY 2005 VL 410 IS 1-3 BP 120 EP 124 DI 10.1016/j.cplett.2005.05.026 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 943CV UT WOS:000230330600024 ER PT J AU Lee, JE Choi, W Odde, S Mhin, BJ Balasubramanian, K AF Lee, JE Choi, W Odde, S Mhin, BJ Balasubramanian, K TI Electron affinity and inversion distortion of dibenzo-p-dioxin SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; DFT CALCULATION; PATTERN AB The photochemical fate of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, ubiquitous environmental pollutants, could be highly influenced by electron-donors such as triethylamine. Therefore, it is essential to have electron affinities of these species. We have performed density functional calculations for neutral and anion of dibenzo-p-dioxin (DD) to obtain the adiabatic electron affinity. We find that the order of D-2 and D-2h structures varies with the level of theory. The D-2h neutral DD undergoes inversion distortion into less symmetric D-2 anion upon electron attachment due to C-O-C bond cleavage. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Inst Data Anal & Visualizat, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Choi, W (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Inst Data Anal & Visualizat, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM wchoi@postech.ac.kr; mhin@mail.pcu.ac.kr; kbala@ucdavis.edu RI Choi, Wonyong/F-8206-2010 OI Choi, Wonyong/0000-0003-1801-9386 NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD JUL 10 PY 2005 VL 410 IS 1-3 BP 142 EP 146 DI 10.1016/j.cplett.2005.05.018 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 943CV UT WOS:000230330600028 ER PT J AU Reisert, B AF Reisert, B TI H1 inclusive cross-section measurements and an extraction of parton distribution functions SO MODERN PHYSICS LETTERS A LA English DT Article DE gross-section; proton structure; QCD fits ID DEEP-INELASTIC SCATTERING; EP SCATTERING; PERTURBATION-THEORY; PROTON COLLISIONS; HERA; Q(2); QCD AB An extraction of the parton distributions of the proton by a next-to-leading order QCD fit in the framework of the Standard Model is presented. The fit implements a novel decomposition of the quark species into up- and down-type quark distributions, which is the key to enable a determination of flavor separated parton distributions from a single experiment. The fit is performed on the inclusive unpolarized neutral and charged current cross-section measurements by the H1 collaboration at HERA. The discussion of uncertainties of parton distribution functions is based upon but extends the QCD analysis published together with the HI data. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, PPD, EEP Exp Phys, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Reisert, B (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, PPD, EEP Exp Phys, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM reisert@fnal.gov NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0217-7323 J9 MOD PHYS LETT A JI Mod. Phys. Lett. A PD JUL 10 PY 2005 VL 20 IS 21 BP 1557 EP 1571 DI 10.1142/S0217732305017706 PG 15 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 953LZ UT WOS:000231079100001 ER PT J AU Robinson, JC Sveum, NE Goncher, SJ Neumark, DM AF Robinson, JC Sveum, NE Goncher, SJ Neumark, DM TI Photofragment translational spectroscopy of allene, propyne, and propyne-d(3) at 193 nm SO MOLECULAR PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ADVANCED LIGHT-SOURCE; PHOTODISSOCIATION DYNAMICS; C3H4 SURFACE; PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; PHOTOIONIZATION MASS; CHEMICAL-DYNAMICS; MOLECULAR-BEAM; ISOMERIZATION; ABINITIO; PHOTOLYSIS AB The dissociation dynamics of allene, propyne, and propyne-d(3) at 193nm were investigated with photofragment translational spectroscopy. Products were either photoionized using tunable VUV synchrotron radiation or ionized with electron impact. Product time-of-flight data were obtained to determine centre-of-mass translational energy ( P( E-T)) distributions, and photoionization efficiency (P(E-T)) curves were measured for the hydrocarbon products. The two major product channels evident from this study are atomic and molecular hydrogen loss, with a H:H-2 branching ratio of 90: 10, regardless of precursor. The P(E-T) distribution for each channel is also largely independent of precursor. Both channels appear to occur following internal conversion to the ground electronic state. The propyne-d(3) results show that there is extensive isotopic scrambling prior to H(D) atom loss, and that the H:D product ratio is approximately unity. The PIE curves for H(D) atom loss from allene, propyne, and propyne-d(3) indicate that the dominant corresponding C3H3 product is the propargyl radical in all cases. There is some evidence from the PIE curves that the dominant C3H2 products from allene and propyne are propadienylidene (H2CCC:) and propargylene (HCCCH), respectively. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Neumark, DM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM dneumark@berkeley.edu RI Neumark, Daniel/B-9551-2009 OI Neumark, Daniel/0000-0002-3762-9473 NR 47 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0026-8976 J9 MOL PHYS JI Mol. Phys. PD JUL 10 PY 2005 VL 103 IS 13 BP 1765 EP 1783 DI 10.1080/00268970500074886 PG 19 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 937QP UT WOS:000229940900010 ER PT J AU Andersson, K Gomez, A Glover, C Nordlund, D Ostrom, H Schiros, T Takahashi, O Ogasawara, H Pettersson, LGM Nilsson, A AF Andersson, K Gomez, A Glover, C Nordlund, D Ostrom, H Schiros, T Takahashi, O Ogasawara, H Pettersson, LGM Nilsson, A TI Molecularly intact and dissociative adsorption of water on clean Cu(110): A comparison with the water/Ru(001) system SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE molecule-solid reactions; synchrotron radiation photoelectron spectroscopy; radiation damage; surface chemical reaction; water; copper; ruthenium; low index single crystal surfaces ID GAS SHIFT REACTION; VIBRATIONAL SPECTROSCOPY; COVERED CU(110); RU(001); SURFACES; H2O; CLUSTERS; BILAYER; OXYGEN; XPS AB An X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) study was undertaken of the water/Cu(1 1 0)-system finding non-dissociative adsorption on clean Cu(1 1 0) at temperatures below 150 K. Thermally induced dissociation of D(2)O is observed to occur above 150 K, similar to the H(2)O/Ru(0 0 1) system, with an experimentally derived activation barrier of 0.53-0.56 eV which is very close in magnitude to the derived activation barrier for desorption of 0.50-0.53 eV. X-ray and electron induced damage to the water overlayer was quantified and used to rationalize the results of a recent XPS study of the water/Cu(1 1 0)-system where partial dissociation was observed already at 90 K. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. Stockholm Univ, FYSIKUM, Albanova Univ Ctr, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Phys Sci & Engn, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. Hiroshima Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Chem, Higashihiroshima 7398526, Japan. RP Ogasawara, H (reprint author), Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, 2575 Sand Hill Rd,Menlo Pk, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM hirohito@slac.stanford.edu RI Nordlund, Dennis/A-8902-2008; Nilsson, Anders/E-1943-2011; Pettersson, Lars/F-8428-2011; Pettersson, Lars/J-4925-2013; Ogasawara, Hirohito/D-2105-2009; OI Nordlund, Dennis/0000-0001-9524-6908; Nilsson, Anders/0000-0003-1968-8696; Pettersson, Lars/0000-0003-1133-9934; Ogasawara, Hirohito/0000-0001-5338-1079; Andersson, Klas J./0000-0002-6064-5658 NR 28 TC 63 Z9 63 U1 0 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD JUL 10 PY 2005 VL 585 IS 3 BP L183 EP L189 DI 10.1016/j.susc.2005.04.024 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 940NH UT WOS:000230150700004 ER PT J AU Kim, Y Komissarov, AV Hall, GE Sears, TJ AF Kim, Y Komissarov, AV Hall, GE Sears, TJ TI Observation of the c(1)A(1) state of methylene by optical-optical double resonance SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC-ROTATION SPECTROSCOPY; SINGLET METHYLENE; ABSORPTION-SPECTROSCOPY; VISIBLE ABSORPTION; ELECTRONIC STATES; CH2; SPECTRUM; (1)A(1); TRANSITION; (CH2)-C-1 AB We report the observation of the rotationally resolved spectrum of the c (1)A(1) state of CH2 via sequential single-photon absorptions at visible and near-infrared wavelengths. Direct absorption from the lowest singlet state a (1)A(1) to c (1)A(1) occurs in the near UV, but it is weak because it corresponds to a two electron transition between the dominant single configuration approximations to the electronic wave functions. Some absorption lines in the c-a system were originally reported in 1966 [G. Herzberg and J. W. C. Johns, Proc. R. Soc. London, Ser. A 295, 107 (1966)], but the weak spectra could not be assigned at the time. Interest in the c (1)A(1) state was rekindled by recent ab initio results [S. N. Yurchenko, P. Jensen, Y. Li, R. J. Buenker, and P. R. Bunker, J. Mol. Spectrosc. 208, 136 (2001)] which prompted the present work. The new spectra provide accurate energies for rotational levels in the v(2)(linear)=11,l=1 level of the state, and permit assignment of most of the line positions measured by Herzberg and Johns. The double-resonance technique used may be easily extended to the measurement of lower rovibrational levels in the electronic state and possibly also to access the d (1)A(2) state which is theoretically expected to lie at similar energies but, for symmetry reasons, is not accessible from the lowest singlet state in a single electric-dipole transition. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Kim, Y (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM sears@bnl.gov RI Hall, Gregory/D-4883-2013; Sears, Trevor/B-5990-2013 OI Hall, Gregory/0000-0002-8534-9783; Sears, Trevor/0000-0002-5559-0154 NR 21 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUL 8 PY 2005 VL 123 IS 2 AR 024306 DI 10.1063/1.1988289 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 947NU UT WOS:000230653700012 PM 16050744 ER PT J AU Luo, SN Tschauner, O Tierney, TE Swift, DC Chipera, SJ Asimow, PD AF Luo, SN Tschauner, O Tierney, TE Swift, DC Chipera, SJ Asimow, PD TI Novel crystalline carbon-cage structure synthesized from laser-driven shock wave loading of graphite SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PRESSURE-POLYMERIZED PHASES; C-60 FULLERENE; NOBLE-GASES; TEMPERATURE; DIAMOND AB We report a novel crystalline carbon-cage structure synthesized from laser-driven shock wave loading of a graphite-copper mixture to about 14 +/- 2 GPa and 1000 +/- 200 K. Quite unexpectedly, it can be structurally related to an extremely compressed three-dimensional C-60 polymer with random displacement of C atoms around average positions equivalent to those of distorted C-60 cages. Thus, the present carbon-cage structure represents a structural crossing point between graphite interlayer bridging and C-60 polymerization as the two ways of forming diamond from two-dimensional and molecular carbon. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Nevada, High Pressure Sci & Engn Ctr, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP Luo, SN (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, P-24 Plasma Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM sluo@lanl.gov RI Asimow, Paul/E-7451-2010; Luo, Sheng-Nian /D-2257-2010 OI Asimow, Paul/0000-0001-6025-8925; Luo, Sheng-Nian /0000-0002-7538-0541 NR 43 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUL 8 PY 2005 VL 123 IS 2 AR 024703 DI 10.1063/1.1953562 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 947NU UT WOS:000230653700030 PM 16050762 ER PT J AU Meunier, V Sumpter, BG AF Meunier, V Sumpter, BG TI Amphoteric doping of carbon nanotubes by encapsulation of organic molecules: Electronic properties and quantum conductance SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MM3 FORCE-FIELD; CHARGE-TRANSFER; BASIS-SETS; GEOMETRY OPTIMIZATION; OXYGEN-ADSORPTION; ORBITAL METHODS; MECHANICS; TRANSPORT; HYDROCARBONS; CHEMISTRY AB In order to investigate and optimize the electronic transport processes in carbon nanotubes doped with organic molecules, we have performed large-scale quantum electronic structure calculations coupled with a Green's function formulation for determining the quantum conductance. Our approach is based on an original scheme where quantum chemistry calculations on finite systems are recast to infinite, nonperiodic (i.e., open) systems, therefore mimicking actual working devices. Results from these calculations clearly suggest that the electronic structure of a carbon nanotube can be easily manipulated by encapsulating appropriate organic molecules. Charge transfer processes induced by encapsulated organic molecules lead to efficient n- and p-type doping of the carbon nanotube. Even though a molecule can induce p and n doping, it is shown to have a minor effect on the transport properties of the nanotube as compared to a pristine tube. This type of doping therefore preserves the intrinsic properties of the pristine tube as a ballistic conductor. In addition, the efficient process of charge transfer between the organic molecules and the nanotube is shown to substantially reduce the susceptibility of the pi electrons of the nanotube to modification by oxygen while maintaining stable doping (i.e., no dedoping) at room temperature. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Meunier, V (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Meunier, Vincent/F-9391-2010; Sumpter, Bobby/C-9459-2013 OI Meunier, Vincent/0000-0002-7013-179X; Sumpter, Bobby/0000-0001-6341-0355 NR 57 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 EI 1089-7690 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUL 8 PY 2005 VL 123 IS 2 AR 024705 DI 10.1063/1.1931547 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 947NU UT WOS:000230653700032 PM 16050764 ER PT J AU Mayfield, KJ Shalliker, RA Catchpoole, HJ Sweeney, AP Wong, V Guiochon, G AF Mayfield, KJ Shalliker, RA Catchpoole, HJ Sweeney, AP Wong, V Guiochon, G TI Viscous fingering induced flow instability in multidimensional liquid chromatography SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article DE viscous fingering; acetonitrile; chromatographic system; heart cutting ID REVERSED-PHASE SEPARATIONS; SIZE-EXCLUSION CHROMATOGRAPHY; VISUALIZATION; MIGRATION; VISCOSITY; COLUMNS; MIXTURE AB Viscous fingering is a flow instability phenomenon that results in the destabilisation of the interface between two fluids of differing viscosities. The destabilised interface results in a complex mixing of the two fluids in a pattern that resembles fingers. The conditions that enhance this type of flow instability can be found in coupled chromatographic separation systems, even when the solvents used in each of the separation stages have seemingly similar chemical and physical properties (other than viscosity). For example, the viscosities of acetonitrile and methanol are sufficiently different that instability at the interface between these two solvents can be established and viscous fingering results. In coupled chromatographic systems, the volume of solvent transported from one separation dimension to the second often exceeds the injection volume by two or more orders of magnitude. As a consequence, viscous fingering may occur, when otherwise following the injection of normal analytical size injection plugs viscous fingering would not occur. The findings in this study illustrate the onset of viscous fingering in emulated coupled chromatographic systems and show the importance of correct solvent selection for optimum separation performance. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Guiochon, G (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM guiochon@utk.edu NR 24 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD JUL 8 PY 2005 VL 1080 IS 2 BP 124 EP 131 DI 10.1016/j.chroma.2005.04.093 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 941UB UT WOS:000230238600004 PM 16008050 ER PT J AU Koide, S Yang, XH Huang, XL Dunn, JJ Luft, BJ AF Koide, S Yang, XH Huang, XL Dunn, JJ Luft, BJ TI Structure-based design of a second-generation Lyme disease vaccine based on a C-terminal fragment of Borrelia burgdorferi OspA SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE outer surface protein A; recombinant vaccine; protein stability; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; rational design ID OUTER SURFACE PROTEIN; LAYER BETA-SHEET; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; IXODES-SCAPULARIS; ANTIGEN OSPA; CELL EPITOPE; MICE; IDENTIFICATION; TICK; SPECTROSCOPY AB Here, we describe a structure-based approach to reduce the size of an antigen protein for a subunit vaccine. Our method consists of (i) determining the three-dimensional structure of an antigen, (ii) identifying protective epitopes, (iii) generation of an antigen fragment that contains the protective epitope, and (iv) rational design to compensate for destabilization caused by truncation. Using this approach we have successfully developed a second-generation Lyme disease vaccine. Outer surface protein A (OspA) from the Lyme disease spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi elicits protective immunity that blocks transmission of Borrelia from the tick vector to the vaccinated animal, and thus has been a focus of vaccine development. OspA has two globular domains that are connected vi. a a unique single-layer P-sheet. All anti-OspA monoclonal antibodies that block Borrelia transmission bind to conformational epitopes in the C-terminal domain of OspA, suggesting the possibility of using the C-terminal domain alone as a recombinant protein-based vaccine. The removal of ineffective parts from the OspA antigen may reduce side effects and lead to a safer vaccine. We prepared a C-terminal fragment of OspA by removing similar to 45% of residues from the N terminus. Although the fragment retained the native conformation and affinity to a protective antibody, its vaccine efficacy and conformational stability were significantly reduced with respect to full-length OspA. We successfully stabilized the fragment by replacing amino acid residues involved in buried salt-bridges with residues promoting hydrophobic interactions. The mutations promoted the vaccine efficacy of the redesigned fragment to a level comparable to that of the full-length protein, demonstrating the importance of the antigen stability for OspA's vaccine efficacy. Our strategy should be useful for further refining OspA-based vaccines and developing recombinant vaccines for other diseases. (0 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Rochester, Med Ctr, Dept Biochem & Biophys, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Koide, S (reprint author), Univ Rochester, Med Ctr, Dept Biochem & Biophys, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. EM skoide@uchicago.edu; bluft@notes.cc.sunysb.edu OI Luft, Benjamin/0000-0001-9008-7004; Koide, Shohei/0000-0001-5473-4358 FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI 3756]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM 57215] NR 54 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0022-2836 J9 J MOL BIOL JI J. Mol. Biol. PD JUL 8 PY 2005 VL 350 IS 2 BP 290 EP 299 DI 10.1016/j.jmb.2005.04.066 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 940ZE UT WOS:000230183600009 PM 15935380 ER PT J AU Acosta, D Adelman, J Affolder, T Akimoto, T Albrow, MG Ambrose, D Amerio, S Amidei, D Anastassov, A Anikeev, K Annovi, A Antos, J Aoki, M Apollinari, G Arisawa, T Arguin, JF Artikov, A Ashmanskas, W Attal, A Azfar, F Azzi-Bacchetta, P Bacchetta, N Bachacou, H Badgett, W Barbaro-Galtieri, A Barker, GJ Barnes, VE Barnett, BA Baroiant, S Barone, M Bauer, G Bedeschi, F Behari, S Belforte, S Bellettini, G Bellinger, J Ben-Haim, E Benjamin, D Beretvas, A Bhatti, A Binkley, M Bisello, D Bishai, M Blair, RE Blocker, C Bloom, K Blumenfeld, B Bocci, A Bodek, A Bolla, G Bolshov, A Booth, PSL Bortoletto, D Boudreau, J Bourov, S Brau, B Bromberg, C Brubaker, E Budagov, J Budd, HS Burkett, K Busetto, G Bussey, P Byrum, KL Cabrera, S Campanelli, M Campbell, M Canepa, A Casarsa, M Carlsmith, D Carron, S Carosi, R Cavalli-Sforza, M Castro, A Catastini, P Cauz, D Cerri, A Cerrito, L Chapman, J Chen, C Chen, YC Chertok, M Chiarelli, G Chlachidze, G Chlebana, F Cho, I Cho, K Chokheli, D Chou, JP Chu, ML Chuang, S Chung, JY Chung, WH Chung, YS Ciobanu, CI Ciocci, MA Clark, AG Clark, D Coca, M Connolly, A Convery, M Conway, J Cooper, B Cordelli, M Cortiana, G Cranshaw, J Cuevas, J Culbertson, R Currat, C Cyr, D Dagenhart, D Da Ronco, S D'Auria, S de Barbaro, P De Cecco, S De Lentdecker, G Dell'Agnello, S Dell'Orso, M Demers, S Demortier, L Deninno, M De Pedis, D Derwent, PF Dionisi, C Dittmann, JR Dorr, C Doksus, P Dominguez, A Donati, S Donega, M Donini, J D'Onofrio, M Dorigo, T Drollinger, V Ebina, K Eddy, N Ehlers, J Ely, R Erbacher, R Erdmann, M Errede, D Errede, S Eusebi, R Fang, HC Farrington, S Fedorko, I Fedorko, WT Feild, RG Feindt, M Fernandez, JP Ferretti, C Field, RD Flanagan, G Flaugher, B Flores-Castillo, LR Foland, A Forrester, S Foster, GW Franklin, M Freeman, JC Fujii, Y Furic, I Gajjar, A Gallas, A Galyardt, J Gallinaro, M Garcia-Sciveres, M Garfinkel, AF Gay, C Gerberich, H Gerdes, DW Gerchtein, E Giagu, S Giannetti, P Gibson, A Gibson, K Ginsburg, C Giolo, K Giordani, M Giunta, M Giurgiu, G Glagolev, V Glenzinski, D Gold, M Goldschmidt, N Goldstein, D Goldstein, J Gomez, G Gomez-Ceballos, G Goncharov, M Gonzalez, O Gorelov, I Goshaw, AT Gotra, Y Goulianos, K Gresele, A Griffiths, M Grosso-Pilcher, C Grundler, U Guenther, M da Costa, JG Haber, C Hahn, K Hahn, SR Halkiadakis, E Hamilton, A Han, BY Handler, R Happacher, F Hara, K Hare, M Harr, RF Harris, RM Hartmann, F Hatakeyama, K Hauser, J Hays, C Hayward, H Heider, E Heinemann, B Heinrich, J Hennecke, M Herndon, M Hill, C Hirschhbuehl, D Hocker, A Hoffman, KD Holloway, A Hou, S Houlden, MA Huffman, BT Huang, Y Hughes, RE Huston, J Ikado, K Incandela, J Introzzi, G Iori, M Ishizawa, Y Issever, C Ivanov, A Iwata, Y Iyutin, B James, E Jang, D Jarrell, J Jeans, D Jensen, H Jeon, EJ Jones, M Joo, KK Jun, SY Junk, T Kamon, T Kang, J Unel, MK Karchin, PE Kartal, S Kato, Y Kemp, Y Kephart, R Kerzel, U Khotilovich, V Kilminster, B Kim, DH Kim, HS Kim, JE Kim, MJ Kim, MS Kim, SB Kim, SH Kim, TH Kim, YK King, BT Kirby, M Kirsch, L Klimenko, S Knuteson, B Ko, BR Kobayashi, H Koehn, P Kong, DJ Kondo, K Konigsberg, J Kordas, K Korn, A Korytov, A Kotelnikov, K Kotwal, AV Kovalev, A Kraus, J Kravchenko, I Kreymer, A Kroll, J Kruse, M Krutelyov, V Kuhlmann, SE Kwang, S Laasanen, AT Lai, S Lami, S Lammel, S Lancaster, J Lancaster, M Lander, R Lannon, K Lath, A Latino, G Lauhakangas, R Lazzizzera, I Le, Y Lecci, C LeCompte, T Lee, J Lee, J Lee, SW Lefevre, R Leonardo, N Leone, S Levy, S Lewis, JD Li, K Lin, C Lin, CS Lindgren, M Liss, TM Lister, A Litvintsev, DO Liu, T Liu, Y Lockyer, NS Loginov, A Loreti, M Loverre, P Lu, RS Lucchesi, D Lujan, P Lukens, P Lungu, G Lyons, L Lys, J Lysak, R MacQueen, D Madrak, R Maeshima, K Maksimovic, P Malferrari, L Manca, G Marginean, R Marino, C Martin, A Martin, M Martin, V Martinez, M Maruyama, T Matsunaga, H Mattson, M Mazzanti, P McFarland, KS McGivern, D McIntyre, PM McNamara, P NcNulty, R Mehta, A Menzemer, S Menzione, A Merkel, P Mesropian, C Messina, A Miao, T Miladinovic, N Miller, L Miller, R Miller, JS Miquel, R Miscetti, S Mitselmakher, G Miyamoto, A Miyazaki, Y Moggi, N Mohr, B Moore, R Morello, M Movilla Fernandez, PA Mukherjee, A Mulhearn, M Muller, T Mumford, R Munar, A Murat, P Nachtman, J Nahn, S Nakamura, I Nakano, I Napier, A Napora, R Naumov, D Necula, V Niell, F Nielsen, J Nelson, C Nelson, T Neu, C Neubauer, MS Newman-Holmes, C Nigmanov, T Nodulman, L Norniella, O Oesterberg, K Ogawa, T Oh, SH Oh, YD Ohsugi, T Okusawa, T Oldeman, R Orava, R Orejudos, W Pagliarone, C Palencia, E Paoletti, R Papadimitriou, V Pashapour, S Patrick, J Pauletta, G Paulini, M Pauly, T Paus, C Pellett, D Penzo, A Phillips, TJ Piacentino, G Piedra, J Pitts, KT Plager, C Pompos, A Pondrom, L Pope, G Portell, X Poukhov, O Prakoshyn, F Pratt, T Pronko, A Proudfoot, J Ptohos, F Punzi, G Rademachker, J Rahaman, MA Rakitine, A Rappoccio, S Ratnikov, F Ray, H Reisert, B Rekovic, V Renton, P Rescigno, M Rimondi, F Rinnert, K Ristori, L Robertson, WJ Robson, A Rodrigo, T Rolli, S Rosenson, L Roser, R Rossin, R Rott, C Russ, J Rusu, V Ruiz, A Ryan, D Saarikko, H Sabik, S Safonov, A St Denis, R Sakumoto, WK Salamanna, G Saltzberg, D Sanchez, C Sansoni, A Santi, L Sarkar, S Sato, K Savard, P Savoy-Navarro, A Schlabach, P Schmidt, EE Schmidt, MP Schmitt, M Scodellaro, L Scribano, A Scuri, F Sedov, A Seidel, S Seiya, Y Semeria, F Sexton-Kennedy, L Sfiligoi, I Shapiro, MD Shears, T Shepard, PF Sherman, D Shimojima, M Shochet, M Shon, Y Shreyber, I Sidoti, A Siegrist, J Siket, M Sill, A Sinervo, P Sisakyan, A Skiba, A Slaughter, AJ Sliwa, K Smirnov, D Smith, JR Snider, FD Snihur, R Soha, A Somalwar, SV Spalding, J Spezziga, M Spiegel, L Spinella, F Spiropulu, M Squillacioti, P Stadie, H Stelzer, B Stelzer-Chilton, O Strologas, J Stuart, D Sukhanov, A Sumorok, K Sun, H Suzuki, T Taffard, A Tafirout, R Takach, SF Takano, H Takashima, R Takeuchi, Y Takikawa, K Tanaka, M Tanaka, R Tanimoto, N Tapprogge, S Tecchio, M Teng, PK Terashi, K Tesarek, RJ Tether, S Thom, J Thompson, AS Thomson, E Tipton, P Tiwari, V Trkaczyk, S Toback, D Tollefson, K Tomura, T Tonelli, D Tonnesmann, M Torre, S Torretta, D Tourneur, S Trischuk, W Tseng, J Tsuchiya, R Tsuno, S Tsybychev, D Turini, N Turner, M Ukegawa, F Unverhau, T Uozumi, S Usynin, D Vacavant, L Vaiciulis, A Varganov, A Vataga, E Vejcik III, S Velev, G Veszpremi, V Veramendi, G Vickey, T Vidal, R Vila, I Vilar, R Vollrath, I Volobouev, I von der Mey, M Wagner, P Wagner, RG Wagner, RL Wagner, W Wallny, R Walter, T Yamashita, T Yamamoto, K Wan, Z Wang, MJ Wang, SM Warburton, A Ward, B Waschke, S Waters, D Watts, T Weber, M Wester III, WC Whitehouse, B Wicklund, AB Wicklund, E Williams, HH Wilson, P Winer, BL Wittich, P Wolbers, S Wolter, M Worcester, M Worm, S Wright, T Wu, X Wurthwein, F Wyatt, A Yagil, A Yang, C Yang, UK Yao, W Yeh, GP Yi, K Yoh, J Yoon, P Yorita, K Yoshida, T Yu, I Yu, S Yu, Z Yun, JC Zanello, L Zanetti, A Zaw, I Zetti, F Zhou, J Zsenei, A Zucchelli, S AF Acosta, D Adelman, J Affolder, T Akimoto, T Albrow, MG Ambrose, D Amerio, S Amidei, D Anastassov, A Anikeev, K Annovi, A Antos, J Aoki, M Apollinari, G Arisawa, T Arguin, JF Artikov, A Ashmanskas, W Attal, A Azfar, F Azzi-Bacchetta, P Bacchetta, N Bachacou, H Badgett, W Barbaro-Galtieri, A Barker, GJ Barnes, VE Barnett, BA Baroiant, S Barone, M Bauer, G Bedeschi, F Behari, S Belforte, S Bellettini, G Bellinger, J Ben-Haim, E Benjamin, D Beretvas, A Bhatti, A Binkley, M Bisello, D Bishai, M Blair, RE Blocker, C Bloom, K Blumenfeld, B Bocci, A Bodek, A Bolla, G Bolshov, A Booth, PSL Bortoletto, D Boudreau, J Bourov, S Brau, B Bromberg, C Brubaker, E Budagov, J Budd, HS Burkett, K Busetto, G Bussey, P Byrum, KL Cabrera, S Campanelli, M Campbell, M Canepa, A Casarsa, M Carlsmith, D Carron, S Carosi, R Cavalli-Sforza, M Castro, A Catastini, P Cauz, D Cerri, A Cerrito, L Chapman, J Chen, C Chen, YC Chertok, M Chiarelli, G Chlachidze, G Chlebana, F Cho, I Cho, K Chokheli, D Chou, JP Chu, ML Chuang, S Chung, JY Chung, WH Chung, YS Ciobanu, CI Ciocci, MA Clark, AG Clark, D Coca, M Connolly, A Convery, M Conway, J Cooper, B Cordelli, M Cortiana, G Cranshaw, J Cuevas, J Culbertson, R Currat, C Cyr, D Dagenhart, D Da Ronco, S D'Auria, S de Barbaro, P De Cecco, S De Lentdecker, G Dell'Agnello, S Dell'Orso, M Demers, S Demortier, L Deninno, M De Pedis, D Derwent, PF Dionisi, C Dittmann, JR Dorr, C Doksus, P Dominguez, A Donati, S Donega, M Donini, J D'Onofrio, M Dorigo, T Drollinger, V Ebina, K Eddy, N Ehlers, J Ely, R Erbacher, R Erdmann, M Errede, D Errede, S Eusebi, R Fang, HC Farrington, S Fedorko, I Fedorko, WT Feild, RG Feindt, M Fernandez, JP Ferretti, C Field, RD Flanagan, G Flaugher, B Flores-Castillo, LR Foland, A Forrester, S Foster, GW Franklin, M Freeman, JC Fujii, Y Furic, I Gajjar, A Gallas, A Galyardt, J Gallinaro, M Garcia-Sciveres, M Garfinkel, AF Gay, C Gerberich, H Gerdes, DW Gerchtein, E Giagu, S Giannetti, P Gibson, A Gibson, K Ginsburg, C Giolo, K Giordani, M Giunta, M Giurgiu, G Glagolev, V Glenzinski, D Gold, M Goldschmidt, N Goldstein, D Goldstein, J Gomez, G Gomez-Ceballos, G Goncharov, M Gonzalez, O Gorelov, I Goshaw, AT Gotra, Y Goulianos, K Gresele, A Griffiths, M Grosso-Pilcher, C Grundler, U Guenther, M da Costa, JG Haber, C Hahn, K Hahn, SR Halkiadakis, E Hamilton, A Han, BY Handler, R Happacher, F Hara, K Hare, M Harr, RF Harris, RM Hartmann, F Hatakeyama, K Hauser, J Hays, C Hayward, H Heider, E Heinemann, B Heinrich, J Hennecke, M Herndon, M Hill, C Hirschhbuehl, D Hocker, A Hoffman, KD Holloway, A Hou, S Houlden, MA Huffman, BT Huang, Y Hughes, RE Huston, J Ikado, K Incandela, J Introzzi, G Iori, M Ishizawa, Y Issever, C Ivanov, A Iwata, Y Iyutin, B James, E Jang, D Jarrell, J Jeans, D Jensen, H Jeon, EJ Jones, M Joo, KK Jun, SY Junk, T Kamon, T Kang, J Unel, MK Karchin, PE Kartal, S Kato, Y Kemp, Y Kephart, R Kerzel, U Khotilovich, V Kilminster, B Kim, DH Kim, HS Kim, JE Kim, MJ Kim, MS Kim, SB Kim, SH Kim, TH Kim, YK King, BT Kirby, M Kirsch, L Klimenko, S Knuteson, B Ko, BR Kobayashi, H Koehn, P Kong, DJ Kondo, K Konigsberg, J Kordas, K Korn, A Korytov, A Kotelnikov, K Kotwal, AV Kovalev, A Kraus, J Kravchenko, I Kreymer, A Kroll, J Kruse, M Krutelyov, V Kuhlmann, SE Kwang, S Laasanen, AT Lai, S Lami, S Lammel, S Lancaster, J Lancaster, M Lander, R Lannon, K Lath, A Latino, G Lauhakangas, R Lazzizzera, I Le, Y Lecci, C LeCompte, T Lee, J Lee, J Lee, SW Lefevre, R Leonardo, N Leone, S Levy, S Lewis, JD Li, K Lin, C Lin, CS Lindgren, M Liss, TM Lister, A Litvintsev, DO Liu, T Liu, Y Lockyer, NS Loginov, A Loreti, M Loverre, P Lu, RS Lucchesi, D Lujan, P Lukens, P Lungu, G Lyons, L Lys, J Lysak, R MacQueen, D Madrak, R Maeshima, K Maksimovic, P Malferrari, L Manca, G Marginean, R Marino, C Martin, A Martin, M Martin, V Martinez, M Maruyama, T Matsunaga, H Mattson, M Mazzanti, P McFarland, KS McGivern, D McIntyre, PM McNamara, P NcNulty, R Mehta, A Menzemer, S Menzione, A Merkel, P Mesropian, C Messina, A Miao, T Miladinovic, N Miller, L Miller, R Miller, JS Miquel, R Miscetti, S Mitselmakher, G Miyamoto, A Miyazaki, Y Moggi, N Mohr, B Moore, R Morello, M Movilla Fernandez, PA Mukherjee, A Mulhearn, M Muller, T Mumford, R Munar, A Murat, P Nachtman, J Nahn, S Nakamura, I Nakano, I Napier, A Napora, R Naumov, D Necula, V Niell, F Nielsen, J Nelson, C Nelson, T Neu, C Neubauer, MS Newman-Holmes, C Nigmanov, T Nodulman, L Norniella, O Oesterberg, K Ogawa, T Oh, SH Oh, YD Ohsugi, T Okusawa, T Oldeman, R Orava, R Orejudos, W Pagliarone, C Palencia, E Paoletti, R Papadimitriou, V Pashapour, S Patrick, J Pauletta, G Paulini, M Pauly, T Paus, C Pellett, D Penzo, A Phillips, TJ Piacentino, G Piedra, J Pitts, KT Plager, C Pompos, A Pondrom, L Pope, G Portell, X Poukhov, O Prakoshyn, F Pratt, T Pronko, A Proudfoot, J Ptohos, F Punzi, G Rademachker, J Rahaman, MA Rakitine, A Rappoccio, S Ratnikov, F Ray, H Reisert, B Rekovic, V Renton, P Rescigno, M Rimondi, F Rinnert, K Ristori, L Robertson, WJ Robson, A Rodrigo, T Rolli, S Rosenson, L Roser, R Rossin, R Rott, C Russ, J Rusu, V Ruiz, A Ryan, D Saarikko, H Sabik, S Safonov, A St Denis, R Sakumoto, WK Salamanna, G Saltzberg, D Sanchez, C Sansoni, A Santi, L Sarkar, S Sato, K Savard, P Savoy-Navarro, A Schlabach, P Schmidt, EE Schmidt, MP Schmitt, M Scodellaro, L Scribano, A Scuri, F Sedov, A Seidel, S Seiya, Y Semeria, F Sexton-Kennedy, L Sfiligoi, I Shapiro, MD Shears, T Shepard, PF Sherman, D Shimojima, M Shochet, M Shon, Y Shreyber, I Sidoti, A Siegrist, J Siket, M Sill, A Sinervo, P Sisakyan, A Skiba, A Slaughter, AJ Sliwa, K Smirnov, D Smith, JR Snider, FD Snihur, R Soha, A Somalwar, SV Spalding, J Spezziga, M Spiegel, L Spinella, F Spiropulu, M Squillacioti, P Stadie, H Stelzer, B Stelzer-Chilton, O Strologas, J Stuart, D Sukhanov, A Sumorok, K Sun, H Suzuki, T Taffard, A Tafirout, R Takach, SF Takano, H Takashima, R Takeuchi, Y Takikawa, K Tanaka, M Tanaka, R Tanimoto, N Tapprogge, S Tecchio, M Teng, PK Terashi, K Tesarek, RJ Tether, S Thom, J Thompson, AS Thomson, E Tipton, P Tiwari, V Trkaczyk, S Toback, D Tollefson, K Tomura, T Tonelli, D Tonnesmann, M Torre, S Torretta, D Tourneur, S Trischuk, W Tseng, J Tsuchiya, R Tsuno, S Tsybychev, D Turini, N Turner, M Ukegawa, F Unverhau, T Uozumi, S Usynin, D Vacavant, L Vaiciulis, A Varganov, A Vataga, E Vejcik III, S Velev, G Veszpremi, V Veramendi, G Vickey, T Vidal, R Vila, I Vilar, R Vollrath, I Volobouev, I von der Mey, M Wagner, P Wagner, RG Wagner, RL Wagner, W Wallny, R Walter, T Yamashita, T Yamamoto, K Wan, Z Wang, MJ Wang, SM Warburton, A Ward, B Waschke, S Waters, D Watts, T Weber, M Wester III, WC Whitehouse, B Wicklund, AB Wicklund, E Williams, HH Wilson, P Winer, BL Wittich, P Wolbers, S Wolter, M Worcester, M Worm, S Wright, T Wu, X Wurthwein, F Wyatt, A Yagil, A Yang, C Yang, UK Yao, W Yeh, GP Yi, K Yoh, J Yoon, P Yorita, K Yoshida, T Yu, I Yu, S Yu, Z Yun, JC Zanello, L Zanetti, A Zaw, I Zetti, F Zhou, J Zsenei, A Zucchelli, S TI Search for anomalous kinematics in t(t)over-bar Dilepton events at CDF II SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PRODUCTION CROSS-SECTION; FERMILAB AB We report on a search for anomalous kinematics of t (t) over bar dilepton events in p (p) over bar collisions at root s = 1: 96 TeV using 193 pb(-1) of data collected with the CDF II detector. We developed a new a priori technique designed to isolate the subset in a data sample revealing the largest deviation from standard model (SM) expectations and to quantify the significance of this departure. In the four-variable space considered, no particular subset shows a significant discrepancy, and we find that the probability of obtaining a data sample less consistent with the SM than what is observed is 1.0%-4.5%. C1 Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Inst Fis Altes Energies, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. Univ Bologna, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. Brandeis Univ, Waltham, MA 02254 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Cantabria, CSIC, Inst Fis Cantabria, E-39005 Santander, Spain. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Joint Nucl Res Inst, RU-141980 Dubna, Russia. Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. Univ Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Univ Helsinki, Helsinki Grp, Helsinki Inst Phys, FIN-00044 Helsinki, Finland. Univ Helsinki, Div High Energy Phys, Dept Phys Sci, FIN-00044 Helsinki, Finland. Hiroshima Univ, Higashihiroshima 724, Japan. Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Univ Karlsruhe, Inst Expt Kernphys, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany. High Energy Accelerator Res Org KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Seoul Natl Univ, Seoul 151742, South Korea. Kyungpook Natl Univ, Ctr High Energy Phys, Taegu 702701, South Korea. Sungkyunkwan Univ, Suwon 440746, South Korea. Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. UCL, London WC1E 6BT, England. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. McGill Univ, Inst Particle Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Okayama Univ, Okayama 7008530, Japan. Osaka City Univ, Osaka 588, Japan. Univ Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. Univ Padua, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova Trento, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Pisa, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56100 Pisa, Italy. Scuola Normale Super Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy. Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. Rockefeller Univ, New York, NY 10021 USA. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Sez Roma 1, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. Univ Trieste, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Udine, Italy. Univ Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Tufts Univ, Medford, MA 02155 USA. Waseda Univ, Tokyo 169, Japan. Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Acosta, D (reprint author), Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RI Prokoshin, Fedor/E-2795-2012; Introzzi, Gianluca/K-2497-2015; Gorelov, Igor/J-9010-2015; Leonardo, Nuno/M-6940-2016; Warburton, Andreas/N-8028-2013; Kim, Soo-Bong/B-7061-2014; Lysak, Roman/H-2995-2014; Gallas Torreira, Abraham Antonio/K-6508-2014; Scodellaro, Luca/K-9091-2014; Connolly, Amy/J-3958-2013; Paulini, Manfred/N-7794-2014; Russ, James/P-3092-2014; Lazzizzera, Ignazio/E-9678-2015; Cabrera Urban, Susana/H-1376-2015; Cavalli-Sforza, Matteo/H-7102-2015; ciocci, maria agnese /I-2153-2015; Lancaster, Mark/C-1693-2008; Ruiz, Alberto/E-4473-2011; Punzi, Giovanni/J-4947-2012; messina, andrea/C-2753-2013; Annovi, Alberto/G-6028-2012; Chiarelli, Giorgio/E-8953-2012; Robson, Aidan/G-1087-2011; De Cecco, Sandro/B-1016-2012; Wolter, Marcin/A-7412-2012; St.Denis, Richard/C-8997-2012; Azzi, Patrizia/H-5404-2012; manca, giulia/I-9264-2012; Amerio, Silvia/J-4605-2012; Ivanov, Andrew/A-7982-2013 OI Prokoshin, Fedor/0000-0001-6389-5399; Introzzi, Gianluca/0000-0002-1314-2580; Gorelov, Igor/0000-0001-5570-0133; Leonardo, Nuno/0000-0002-9746-4594; Osterberg, Kenneth/0000-0003-4807-0414; Warburton, Andreas/0000-0002-2298-7315; Gallas Torreira, Abraham Antonio/0000-0002-2745-7954; Scodellaro, Luca/0000-0002-4974-8330; Paulini, Manfred/0000-0002-6714-5787; Russ, James/0000-0001-9856-9155; Lazzizzera, Ignazio/0000-0001-5092-7531; ciocci, maria agnese /0000-0003-0002-5462; Ruiz, Alberto/0000-0002-3639-0368; Punzi, Giovanni/0000-0002-8346-9052; Annovi, Alberto/0000-0002-4649-4398; Chiarelli, Giorgio/0000-0001-9851-4816; Azzi, Patrizia/0000-0002-3129-828X; Ivanov, Andrew/0000-0002-9270-5643 NR 15 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 8 PY 2005 VL 95 IS 2 AR 022001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.022001 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 944OW UT WOS:000230439500009 PM 16090673 ER PT J AU Acosta, D Adelman, J Affolder, T Akimoto, T Albrow, MG Ambrose, D Amerio, S Amidei, D Anastassov, A Anikeev, K Annovi, A Antos, J Aoki, M Apollinari, G Arisawa, T Arguin, JF Artikov, A Ashmanskas, W Attal, A Azfar, F Azzi-Bacchetta, P Bacchetta, N Bachacou, H Badgett, W Barbaro-Galtieri, A Barker, GJ Barnes, VE Barnett, BA Baroiant, S Barone, M Bauer, G Bedeschi, F Behari, S Belforte, S Bellettini, G Bellinger, J Ben-Haim, E Benjamin, D Beretvas, A Bhatti, A Binkley, M Bisello, D Bishai, M Blair, RE Blocker, C Bloom, K Blumenfeld, B Bocci, A Bodek, A Bolla, G Bolshov, A Booth, PSL Bortoletto, D Boudreau, J Bourov, S Brau, B Bromberg, C Brubaker, E Budagov, J Budd, HS Burkett, K Busetto, G Bussey, P Byrum, KL Cabrera, S Campanelli, M Campbell, M Canepa, A Casarsa, M Carlsmith, D Carron, S Carosi, R Cavalli-Sforza, M Castro, A Catastini, P Cauz, D Cerri, A Cerrito, L Chapman, J Chen, C Chen, YC Chertok, M Chiarelli, G Chlachidze, G Chlebana, F Cho, I Cho, K Chokheli, D Chou, JP Chu, ML Chuang, S Chung, JY Chung, WH Chung, YS Ciobanu, CI Ciocci, MA Clark, AG Clark, D Coca, M Connolly, A Convery, M Conway, J Cooper, B Cordelli, M Cortiana, G Cranshaw, J Cuevas, J Culbertson, R Currat, C Cyr, D Dagenhart, D Da Ronco, S D'Auria, S de Barbaro, P De Cecco, S De Lentdecker, G Dell'Agnello, S Dell'Orso, M Demers, S Demortier, L Deninno, M De Pedis, D Derwent, PF Dionisi, C Dittmann, JR Dorr, C Doksus, P Dominguez, A Donati, S Donega, M Donini, J D'Onofrio, M Dorigo, T Drollinger, V Ebina, K Eddy, N Ehlers, J Ely, R Erbacher, R Erdmann, M Errede, D Errede, S Eusebi, R Fang, HC Farrington, S Fedorko, I Fedorko, WT Feild, RG Feindt, M Fernandez, JP Ferretti, C Field, RD Flanagan, G Flaugher, B Flores-Castillo, LR Foland, A Forrester, S Foster, GW Franklin, M Freeman, JC Fujii, Y Furic, I Gajjar, A Gallas, A Galyardt, J Gallinaro, M Garcia-Sciveres, M Garfinkel, AF Gay, C Gerberich, H Gerdes, DW Gerchtein, E Giagu, S Giannetti, P Gibson, A Gibson, K Ginsburg, C Giolo, K Giordani, M Giunta, M Giurgiu, G Glagolev, V Glenzinski, D Gold, M Goldschmidt, N Goldstein, D Goldstein, J Gomez, G Gomez-Ceballos, G Goncharov, M Gonzalez, O Gorelov, I Goshaw, AT Gotra, Y Goulianos, K Gresele, A Griffiths, M Grosso-Pilcher, C Grundler, U Guenther, M da Costa, JG Haber, C Hahn, K Hahn, SR Halkiadakis, E Hamilton, A Han, BY Handler, R Happacher, F Hara, K Hare, M Harr, RF Harris, RM Hartmann, F Hatakeyama, K Hauser, J Hays, C Hayward, H Heider, E Heinemann, B Heinrich, J Hennecke, M Herndon, M Hill, C Hirschbuehl, D Hocker, A Hoffman, KD Holloway, A Hou, S Houlden, MA Huffman, BT Huang, Y Hughes, RE Huston, J Ikado, K Incandela, J Introzzi, G Iori, M Ishizawa, Y Issever, C Ivanov, A Iwata, Y Iyutin, B James, E Jang, D Jarrell, J Jeans, D Jensen, H Jeon, EJ Jones, M Joo, KK Jun, SY Junk, T Kamon, T Kang, J Unel, MK Karchin, PE Kartal, S Kato, Y Kemp, Y Kephart, R Kerzel, U Khotilovich, V Kilminster, B Kim, DH Kim, HS Kim, JE Kim, MJ Kim, MS Kim, SB Kim, SH Kim, TH Kim, YK King, BT Kirby, M Kirsch, L Klimenko, S Knuteson, B Ko, BR Kobayashi, H Koehn, P Kong, DJ Kondo, K Konigsberg, J Kordas, K Korn, A Korytov, A Kotelnikov, K Kotwal, AV Kovalev, A Kraus, J Kravchenko, I Kreymer, A Kroll, J Kruse, M Krutelyov, V Kuhlmann, SE Kwang, S Laasanen, AT Lai, S Lami, S Lammel, S Lancaster, J Lancaster, M Lander, R Lannon, K Lath, A Latino, G Lauhakangas, R Lazzizzera, I Le, Y Lecci, C LeCompte, T Lee, J Lee, J Lee, SW Lefevre, R Leonardo, N Leone, S Levy, S Lewis, JD Li, K Lin, C Lin, CS Lindgren, M Liss, TM Lister, A Litvintsev, DO Liu, T Liu, Y Lockyer, NS Loginov, A Loreti, M Loverre, P Lu, RS Lucchesi, D Lujan, P Lukens, P Lungu, G Lyons, L Lys, J Lysak, R MacQueen, D Madrak, R Maeshima, K Maksimovic, P Malferrari, L Manca, G Marginean, R Marino, C Martin, A Martin, M Martin, V Martinez, M Maruyama, T Matsunaga, H Mattson, M Mazzanti, P McFarland, KS McGivern, D McIntyre, PM McNamara, P NcNulty, R Mehta, A Menzemer, S Menzione, A Merkel, P Mesropian, C Messina, A Miao, T Miladinovic, N Miller, L Miller, R Miller, JS Miquel, R Miscetti, S Mitselmakher, G Miyamoto, A Miyazaki, Y Moggi, N Mohr, B Moore, R Morello, M Fernandez, PAM Mukherjee, A Mulhearn, M Muller, T Mumford, R Munar, A Murat, P Nachtman, J Nahn, S Nakamura, I Nakano, I Napier, A Napora, R Naumov, D Necula, V Niell, F Nielsen, J Nelson, C Nelson, T Neu, C Neubauer, MS Newman-Holmes, C Nigmanov, T Nodulman, L Norniella, O Oesterberg, K Ogawa, T Oh, SH Oh, YD Ohsugi, T Okusawa, T Oldeman, R Orava, R Orejudos, W Pagliarone, C Palencia, E Paoletti, R Papadimitriou, V Pashapour, S Patrick, J Pauletta, G Paulini, M Pauly, T Paus, C Pellett, D Penzo, A Phillips, TJ Piacentino, G Piedra, J Pitts, KT Plager, C Pompos, A Pondrom, L Pope, G Portell, X Poukhov, O Prakoshyn, F Pratt, T Pronko, A Proudfoot, J Ptohos, F Punzi, G Rademacker, J Rahaman, MA Rakitine, A Rappoccio, S Ratnikov, F Ray, H Reisert, B Rekovic, V Renton, P Rescigno, M Rimondi, F Rinnert, K Ristori, L Robertson, WJ Robson, A Rodrigo, T Rolli, S Rosenson, L Roser, R Rossin, R Rott, C Russ, J Rusu, V Ruiz, A Ryan, D Saarikko, H Sabik, S Safonov, A Denis, RS Sakumoto, WK Salamanna, G Saltzberg, D Sanchez, C Sansoni, A Santi, L Sarkar, S Sato, K Savard, P Savoy-Navarro, A Schlabach, P Schmidt, EE Schmidt, MP Schmitt, M Scodellaro, L Scribano, A Scuri, F Sedov, A Seidel, S Seiya, Y Semeria, F Sexton-Kennedy, L Sfiligoi, I Shapiro, MD Shears, T Shepard, PF Sherman, D Shimojima, M Shochet, M Shon, Y Shreyber, I Sidoti, A Siegrist, J Siket, M Sill, A Sinervo, P Sisakyan, A Skiba, A Slaughter, AJ Sliwa, K Smirnov, D Smith, JR Snider, FD Snihur, R Soha, A Somalwar, SV Spalding, J Spezziga, M Spiegel, L Spinella, F Spiropulu, M Squillacioti, P Stadie, H Stelzer, B Stelzer-Chilton, O Strologas, J Stuart, D Sukhanov, A Sumorok, K Sun, H Suzuki, T Taffard, A Tafirout, R Takach, SF Takano, H Takashima, R Takeuchi, Y Takikawa, K Tanaka, M Tanaka, R Tanimoto, N Tapprogge, S Tecchio, M Teng, PK Terashi, K Tesarek, RJ Tether, S Thom, J Thompson, AS Thomson, E Tipton, P Tiwari, V Tkaczyk, S Toback, D Tollefson, K Tomura, T Tonelli, D Tonnesmann, M Torre, S Torretta, D Tourneur, S Trischuk, W Tseng, J Tsuchiya, R Tsuno, S Tsybychev, D Turini, N Turner, M Ukegawa, F Unverhau, T Uozumi, S Usynin, D Vacavant, L Vaiciulis, A Varganov, A Vataga, E Vejcik, S Velev, G Veszpremi, V Veramendi, G Vickey, T Vidal, R Vila, I Vilar, R Vollrath, I Volobouev, I von der Mey, M Wagner, P Wagner, RG Wagner, RL Wagner, W Wallny, R Walter, T Yamashita, T Yamamoto, K Wan, Z Wang, MJ Wang, SM Warburton, A Ward, B Waschke, S Waters, D Watts, T Weber, M Wester, WC Whitehouse, B Wicklund, AB Wicklund, E Williams, HH Wilson, P Winer, BL Wittich, P Wolbers, S Wolter, M Worcester, M Worm, S Wright, T Wu, X Wurthwein, F Wyatt, A Yagil, A Yang, C Yang, UK Yao, W Yeh, GP Yi, K Yoh, J Yoon, P Yorita, K Yoshida, T Yu, I Yu, S Yu, Z Yun, JC Zanello, L Zanetti, A Zaw, I Zetti, F Zhou, J Zsenei, A Zucchelli, S AF Acosta, D Adelman, J Affolder, T Akimoto, T Albrow, MG Ambrose, D Amerio, S Amidei, D Anastassov, A Anikeev, K Annovi, A Antos, J Aoki, M Apollinari, G Arisawa, T Arguin, JF Artikov, A Ashmanskas, W Attal, A Azfar, F Azzi-Bacchetta, P Bacchetta, N Bachacou, H Badgett, W Barbaro-Galtieri, A Barker, GJ Barnes, VE Barnett, BA Baroiant, S Barone, M Bauer, G Bedeschi, F Behari, S Belforte, S Bellettini, G Bellinger, J Ben-Haim, E Benjamin, D Beretvas, A Bhatti, A Binkley, M Bisello, D Bishai, M Blair, RE Blocker, C Bloom, K Blumenfeld, B Bocci, A Bodek, A Bolla, G Bolshov, A Booth, PSL Bortoletto, D Boudreau, J Bourov, S Brau, B Bromberg, C Brubaker, E Budagov, J Budd, HS Burkett, K Busetto, G Bussey, P Byrum, KL Cabrera, S Campanelli, M Campbell, M Canepa, A Casarsa, M Carlsmith, D Carron, S Carosi, R Cavalli-Sforza, M Castro, A Catastini, P Cauz, D Cerri, A Cerrito, L Chapman, J Chen, C Chen, YC Chertok, M Chiarelli, G Chlachidze, G Chlebana, F Cho, I Cho, K Chokheli, D Chou, JP Chu, ML Chuang, S Chung, JY Chung, WH Chung, YS Ciobanu, CI Ciocci, MA Clark, AG Clark, D Coca, M Connolly, A Convery, M Conway, J Cooper, B Cordelli, M Cortiana, G Cranshaw, J Cuevas, J Culbertson, R Currat, C Cyr, D Dagenhart, D Da Ronco, S D'Auria, S de Barbaro, P De Cecco, S De Lentdecker, G Dell'Agnello, S Dell'Orso, M Demers, S Demortier, L Deninno, M De Pedis, D Derwent, PF Dionisi, C Dittmann, JR Dorr, C Doksus, P Dominguez, A Donati, S Donega, M Donini, J D'Onofrio, M Dorigo, T Drollinger, V Ebina, K Eddy, N Ehlers, J Ely, R Erbacher, R Erdmann, M Errede, D Errede, S Eusebi, R Fang, HC Farrington, S Fedorko, I Fedorko, WT Feild, RG Feindt, M Fernandez, JP Ferretti, C Field, RD Flanagan, G Flaugher, B Flores-Castillo, LR Foland, A Forrester, S Foster, GW Franklin, M Freeman, JC Fujii, Y Furic, I Gajjar, A Gallas, A Galyardt, J Gallinaro, M Garcia-Sciveres, M Garfinkel, AF Gay, C Gerberich, H Gerdes, DW Gerchtein, E Giagu, S Giannetti, P Gibson, A Gibson, K Ginsburg, C Giolo, K Giordani, M Giunta, M Giurgiu, G Glagolev, V Glenzinski, D Gold, M Goldschmidt, N Goldstein, D Goldstein, J Gomez, G Gomez-Ceballos, G Goncharov, M Gonzalez, O Gorelov, I Goshaw, AT Gotra, Y Goulianos, K Gresele, A Griffiths, M Grosso-Pilcher, C Grundler, U Guenther, M da Costa, JG Haber, C Hahn, K Hahn, SR Halkiadakis, E Hamilton, A Han, BY Handler, R Happacher, F Hara, K Hare, M Harr, RF Harris, RM Hartmann, F Hatakeyama, K Hauser, J Hays, C Hayward, H Heider, E Heinemann, B Heinrich, J Hennecke, M Herndon, M Hill, C Hirschbuehl, D Hocker, A Hoffman, KD Holloway, A Hou, S Houlden, MA Huffman, BT Huang, Y Hughes, RE Huston, J Ikado, K Incandela, J Introzzi, G Iori, M Ishizawa, Y Issever, C Ivanov, A Iwata, Y Iyutin, B James, E Jang, D Jarrell, J Jeans, D Jensen, H Jeon, EJ Jones, M Joo, KK Jun, SY Junk, T Kamon, T Kang, J Unel, MK Karchin, PE Kartal, S Kato, Y Kemp, Y Kephart, R Kerzel, U Khotilovich, V Kilminster, B Kim, DH Kim, HS Kim, JE Kim, MJ Kim, MS Kim, SB Kim, SH Kim, TH Kim, YK King, BT Kirby, M Kirsch, L Klimenko, S Knuteson, B Ko, BR Kobayashi, H Koehn, P Kong, DJ Kondo, K Konigsberg, J Kordas, K Korn, A Korytov, A Kotelnikov, K Kotwal, AV Kovalev, A Kraus, J Kravchenko, I Kreymer, A Kroll, J Kruse, M Krutelyov, V Kuhlmann, SE Kwang, S Laasanen, AT Lai, S Lami, S Lammel, S Lancaster, J Lancaster, M Lander, R Lannon, K Lath, A Latino, G Lauhakangas, R Lazzizzera, I Le, Y Lecci, C LeCompte, T Lee, J Lee, J Lee, SW Lefevre, R Leonardo, N Leone, S Levy, S Lewis, JD Li, K Lin, C Lin, CS Lindgren, M Liss, TM Lister, A Litvintsev, DO Liu, T Liu, Y Lockyer, NS Loginov, A Loreti, M Loverre, P Lu, RS Lucchesi, D Lujan, P Lukens, P Lungu, G Lyons, L Lys, J Lysak, R MacQueen, D Madrak, R Maeshima, K Maksimovic, P Malferrari, L Manca, G Marginean, R Marino, C Martin, A Martin, M Martin, V Martinez, M Maruyama, T Matsunaga, H Mattson, M Mazzanti, P McFarland, KS McGivern, D McIntyre, PM McNamara, P NcNulty, R Mehta, A Menzemer, S Menzione, A Merkel, P Mesropian, C Messina, A Miao, T Miladinovic, N Miller, L Miller, R Miller, JS Miquel, R Miscetti, S Mitselmakher, G Miyamoto, A Miyazaki, Y Moggi, N Mohr, B Moore, R Morello, M Fernandez, PAM Mukherjee, A Mulhearn, M Muller, T Mumford, R Munar, A Murat, P Nachtman, J Nahn, S Nakamura, I Nakano, I Napier, A Napora, R Naumov, D Necula, V Niell, F Nielsen, J Nelson, C Nelson, T Neu, C Neubauer, MS Newman-Holmes, C Nigmanov, T Nodulman, L Norniella, O Oesterberg, K Ogawa, T Oh, SH Oh, YD Ohsugi, T Okusawa, T Oldeman, R Orava, R Orejudos, W Pagliarone, C Palencia, E Paoletti, R Papadimitriou, V Pashapour, S Patrick, J Pauletta, G Paulini, M Pauly, T Paus, C Pellett, D Penzo, A Phillips, TJ Piacentino, G Piedra, J Pitts, KT Plager, C Pompos, A Pondrom, L Pope, G Portell, X Poukhov, O Prakoshyn, F Pratt, T Pronko, A Proudfoot, J Ptohos, F Punzi, G Rademacker, J Rahaman, MA Rakitine, A Rappoccio, S Ratnikov, F Ray, H Reisert, B Rekovic, V Renton, P Rescigno, M Rimondi, F Rinnert, K Ristori, L Robertson, WJ Robson, A Rodrigo, T Rolli, S Rosenson, L Roser, R Rossin, R Rott, C Russ, J Rusu, V Ruiz, A Ryan, D Saarikko, H Sabik, S Safonov, A Denis, RS Sakumoto, WK Salamanna, G Saltzberg, D Sanchez, C Sansoni, A Santi, L Sarkar, S Sato, K Savard, P Savoy-Navarro, A Schlabach, P Schmidt, EE Schmidt, MP Schmitt, M Scodellaro, L Scribano, A Scuri, F Sedov, A Seidel, S Seiya, Y Semeria, F Sexton-Kennedy, L Sfiligoi, I Shapiro, MD Shears, T Shepard, PF Sherman, D Shimojima, M Shochet, M Shon, Y Shreyber, I Sidoti, A Siegrist, J Siket, M Sill, A Sinervo, P Sisakyan, A Skiba, A Slaughter, AJ Sliwa, K Smirnov, D Smith, JR Snider, FD Snihur, R Soha, A Somalwar, SV Spalding, J Spezziga, M Spiegel, L Spinella, F Spiropulu, M Squillacioti, P Stadie, H Stelzer, B Stelzer-Chilton, O Strologas, J Stuart, D Sukhanov, A Sumorok, K Sun, H Suzuki, T Taffard, A Tafirout, R Takach, SF Takano, H Takashima, R Takeuchi, Y Takikawa, K Tanaka, M Tanaka, R Tanimoto, N Tapprogge, S Tecchio, M Teng, PK Terashi, K Tesarek, RJ Tether, S Thom, J Thompson, AS Thomson, E Tipton, P Tiwari, V Tkaczyk, S Toback, D Tollefson, K Tomura, T Tonelli, D Tonnesmann, M Torre, S Torretta, D Tourneur, S Trischuk, W Tseng, J Tsuchiya, R Tsuno, S Tsybychev, D Turini, N Turner, M Ukegawa, F Unverhau, T Uozumi, S Usynin, D Vacavant, L Vaiciulis, A Varganov, A Vataga, E Vejcik, S Velev, G Veszpremi, V Veramendi, G Vickey, T Vidal, R Vila, I Vilar, R Vollrath, I Volobouev, I von der Mey, M Wagner, P Wagner, RG Wagner, RL Wagner, W Wallny, R Walter, T Yamashita, T Yamamoto, K Wan, Z Wang, MJ Wang, SM Warburton, A Ward, B Waschke, S Waters, D Watts, T Weber, M Wester, WC Whitehouse, B Wicklund, AB Wicklund, E Williams, HH Wilson, P Winer, BL Wittich, P Wolbers, S Wolter, M Worcester, M Worm, S Wright, T Wu, X Wurthwein, F Wyatt, A Yagil, A Yang, C Yang, UK Yao, W Yeh, GP Yi, K Yoh, J Yoon, P Yorita, K Yoshida, T Yu, I Yu, S Yu, Z Yun, JC Zanello, L Zanetti, A Zaw, I Zetti, F Zhou, J Zsenei, A Zucchelli, S TI Measurement of the cross section for prompt diphoton production in p(p)over-bar collisions at root s=1.96 TeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PHOTON PAIR PRODUCTION AB We report a measurement of the rate of prompt diphoton production in p (p) over bar collisions at root s = 1: 96 TeV using a data sample of 207 pb(-1) collected with the upgraded Collider Detector at Fermilab. The background from nonprompt sources is determined using a statistical method based on differences in the electromagnetic showers. The cross section is measured as a function of the diphoton mass, the transverse momentum of the diphoton system, and the azimuthal angle between the two photons and is found to be consistent with perturbative QCD predictions. C1 Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Inst Fis Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain. Univ Bologna, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. Brandeis Univ, Waltham, MA 02254 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Cantabria, CSIC, Inst Fis Cantabria, E-39005 Santander, Spain. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. 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UCL, London WC1E 6BT, England. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. McGill Univ, Inst Particle Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Okayama Univ, Okayama 7008530, Japan. Osaka City Univ, Osaka 588, Japan. Univ Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. Univ Padua, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova Trento, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Pisa, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56100 Pisa, Italy. Scuola Normale Super Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy. Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. Rockefeller Univ, New York, NY 10021 USA. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma 1, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. Univ Trieste, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Univ Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Tufts Univ, Medford, MA 02155 USA. Waseda Univ, Tokyo 169, Japan. Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Acosta, D (reprint author), Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RI Prokoshin, Fedor/E-2795-2012; Introzzi, Gianluca/K-2497-2015; Gorelov, Igor/J-9010-2015; Leonardo, Nuno/M-6940-2016; Warburton, Andreas/N-8028-2013; Kim, Soo-Bong/B-7061-2014; Lysak, Roman/H-2995-2014; Gallas Torreira, Abraham Antonio/K-6508-2014; Scodellaro, Luca/K-9091-2014; Connolly, Amy/J-3958-2013; Paulini, Manfred/N-7794-2014; Russ, James/P-3092-2014; Lazzizzera, Ignazio/E-9678-2015; Cabrera Urban, Susana/H-1376-2015; Cavalli-Sforza, Matteo/H-7102-2015; ciocci, maria agnese /I-2153-2015; Ivanov, Andrew/A-7982-2013; Lancaster, Mark/C-1693-2008; Ruiz, Alberto/E-4473-2011; Robson, Aidan/G-1087-2011; De Cecco, Sandro/B-1016-2012; Wolter, Marcin/A-7412-2012; Azzi, Patrizia/H-5404-2012; manca, giulia/I-9264-2012; Amerio, Silvia/J-4605-2012; Punzi, Giovanni/J-4947-2012; messina, andrea/C-2753-2013; Annovi, Alberto/G-6028-2012; Chiarelli, Giorgio/E-8953-2012 OI Prokoshin, Fedor/0000-0001-6389-5399; Introzzi, Gianluca/0000-0002-1314-2580; Gorelov, Igor/0000-0001-5570-0133; Leonardo, Nuno/0000-0002-9746-4594; Warburton, Andreas/0000-0002-2298-7315; Gallas Torreira, Abraham Antonio/0000-0002-2745-7954; Scodellaro, Luca/0000-0002-4974-8330; Paulini, Manfred/0000-0002-6714-5787; Russ, James/0000-0001-9856-9155; Lazzizzera, Ignazio/0000-0001-5092-7531; ciocci, maria agnese /0000-0003-0002-5462; Ivanov, Andrew/0000-0002-9270-5643; Ruiz, Alberto/0000-0002-3639-0368; Azzi, Patrizia/0000-0002-3129-828X; Punzi, Giovanni/0000-0002-8346-9052; Annovi, Alberto/0000-0002-4649-4398; Chiarelli, Giorgio/0000-0001-9851-4816 NR 15 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 8 PY 2005 VL 95 IS 2 AR 022003 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.022003 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 944OW UT WOS:000230439500011 PM 16090675 ER PT J AU Gade, A Bazin, D Becerril, A Campbell, CM Cook, JM Dean, DJ Dinca, DC Glasmacher, T Hitt, GW Howard, ME Mueller, WF Olliver, H Terry, JR Yoneda, K AF Gade, A Bazin, D Becerril, A Campbell, CM Cook, JM Dean, DJ Dinca, DC Glasmacher, T Hitt, GW Howard, ME Mueller, WF Olliver, H Terry, JR Yoneda, K TI Quadrupole deformation of the self-conjugate nucleus Kr-72 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MODEL MONTE-CARLO; COULOMB-EXCITATION; N=Z NUCLEI; SHAPE COEXISTENCE; DETECTORS; GERMANIUM; REGION AB We report on the first determination of the absolute B(E2;0(1)(+)-> 2(1)(+)) excitation strength in the N=Z nucleus Kr-72. Kr-72 is the heaviest N=Z nucleus for which this quantity has been measured and provides a benchmark in a region of the nuclear chart dominated by rapidly changing deformations and shapes mediated by the interplay of strongly oblate and prolate-driving orbitals. The deduced quadrupole deformation strength is in agreement with a variety of self-consistent models that predict an oblate shape for the ground state of Kr-72. Large-scale shell-model Monte Carlo calculations reproduce the experimental B(E2) value and link the result to the occupation of the deformation-driving g(9/2) orbit. C1 Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RI Gade, Alexandra/A-6850-2008; Glasmacher, Thomas/C-4462-2008; Campbell, Christopher/B-9429-2008; Hitt, George/F-7481-2011; Glasmacher, Thomas/H-9673-2014 OI Gade, Alexandra/0000-0001-8825-0976; Hitt, George/0000-0003-3161-3283; Glasmacher, Thomas/0000-0001-9436-2448 NR 34 TC 56 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 8 PY 2005 VL 95 IS 2 AR 022502 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.022502 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 944OW UT WOS:000230439500015 PM 16090679 ER PT J AU Silhanek, AV Harrison, N Batista, CD Jaime, M Lacerda, A Amitsuka, H Mydosh, JA AF Silhanek, AV Harrison, N Batista, CD Jaime, M Lacerda, A Amitsuka, H Mydosh, JA TI Quantum critical 5f electrons avoid singularities in U(Ru,Rh)(2)Si-2 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HIGH MAGNETIC-FIELDS; RUTHENATE SR3RU2O7; HEAVY; TRANSITION; URU2SI2; SUPERCONDUCTORS; METAMAGNETISM; CERU2SI2; STATES AB We present specific heat measurements of 4% Rh-doped URu2Si2 at magnetic fields around the proposed metamagnetic transition field H(m)similar to 34 T, revealing striking similarities to the isotructural Ce analog CeRu2Si2 for H > H-m. This suggests that strongly renormalized hybridized-band models apply equally well to both systems. The vanishing bandwidths as H -> H-m are consistent with a quantum-critical point close to H-m. The existence of a phase transition into an ordered phase in the vicinity of H-m for 4% Rh-doped URu2Si2, but not for CeRu2Si2, is consistent with a stronger superexchange in the case of the U 5f system. Irreversible processes at the transition indicate a strong coupling of the 5f orbitals to the lattice, most suggestive of electric quadrupolar order. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Hokkaido Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0600810, Japan. Leiden Univ, Kamerlingh Onnes Lab, Leiden, Netherlands. Max Planck Inst Chem Phys Stoffe, D-01187 Dresden, Germany. EM nharrison@lanl.gov RI Amitsuka, Hiroshi/K-8539-2012; Jaime, Marcelo/F-3791-2015; Batista, Cristian/J-8008-2016 OI Jaime, Marcelo/0000-0001-5360-5220; NR 30 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 8 PY 2005 VL 95 IS 2 AR 026403 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.026403 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 944OW UT WOS:000230439500042 PM 16090706 ER PT J AU Stoddard, N Pichler, P Duscher, G Windl, W AF Stoddard, N Pichler, P Duscher, G Windl, W TI Ab initio identification of the nitrogen diffusion mechanism in silicon SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; WAVE BASIS-SET; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; IMPLANTED NITROGEN; DEEP-LEVEL; OXYGEN; SI; SEMICONDUCTORS; COMPLEXES; CRYSTALS AB In this Letter, we present ab initio results identifying a new diffusion path for the nitrogen pair complex in silicon, resulting in an effective diffusivity of 67exp(-2.38 eV/kT) cm(2)/s. This nudged elastic band result is compared with other nitrogen diffusion paths and mechanisms, and is determined to have unmatched agreement with experimental results. It is also shown that careful consideration of total energy corrections and use of a fully temperature-dependent diffusion prefactor have modest but important effects on the calculation of diffusivity for paired and for interstitial nitrogen. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Fraunhofer IISB, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Ohio State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Stoddard, N (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RI Windl, Wolfgang/C-7255-2012; Duscher, Gerd/G-1730-2014 OI Windl, Wolfgang/0000-0001-5892-0684; Duscher, Gerd/0000-0002-2039-548X NR 35 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 8 PY 2005 VL 95 IS 2 AR 025901 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.025901 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 944OW UT WOS:000230439500036 PM 16090700 ER PT J AU Torija, MA Gai, Z Myoung, N Plummer, EW Shen, J AF Torija, MA Gai, Z Myoung, N Plummer, EW Shen, J TI Frozen low-spin interface in ultrathin Fe films on Cu(111) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MAGNETISM; CU(100); CU(001); GROWTH AB In ultrathin film systems, it is a major challenge to understand how a thickness-driven phase transition proceeds along the cross-sectional direction of the films. We use ultrathin Fe films on Cu(111) as a prototype system to demonstrate how to obtain such information using an in situ scanning tunneling microscope and the surface magneto-optical Kerr effect. The magnetization depth profile of a thickness-driven low-spin to high-spin magnetic phase transition is deduced from the experimental data, which leads us to conclude that a low-spin Fe layer at the Fe/Cu interface stays live upon the phase transition. The magnetically live low-spin phase is believed to be induced by a frozen fcc Fe layer that survives a thickness-driven fcc -> bcc structural transition. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Peking Univ, Dept Phys, Beijing 100080, Peoples R China. RP Shen, J (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM shenj@ornl.gov RI Gai, Zheng/B-5327-2012 OI Gai, Zheng/0000-0002-6099-4559 NR 20 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 8 PY 2005 VL 95 IS 2 AR 027201 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.027201 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 944OW UT WOS:000230439500047 PM 16090711 ER PT J AU Dagotto, E AF Dagotto, E TI Complexity in strongly correlated electronic systems SO SCIENCE LA English DT Review ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS; COPPER-OXIDE SUPERCONDUCTORS; TRANSITION-METAL OXIDES; PHASE-SEPARATION; MANGANITES; PHYSICS; STATE; SPIN; BI2SR2CACU2O8+DELTA; POLARIZATION AB A wide variety of experimental results and theoretical investigations in recent years have convincingly demonstrated that several transition metal oxides and other materials have dominant states that are not spatially homogeneous. This occurs in cases in which several physical interactions-spin, charge, lattice, and/or orbital-are simultaneously active. This phenomenon causes interesting effects, such as colossal magnetoresistance, and it also appears crucial to understand the high-temperature superconductors. The spontaneous emergence of electronic nanometer-scale structures in transition metal oxides, and the existence of many competing states, are properties often associated with complex matter where nonlinearities dominate, such as soft materials and biological systems. This electronic complexity could have potential consequences for applications of correlated electronic materials, because not only charge (semiconducting electronic), or charge and spin (spintronics) are of relevance, but in addition the lattice and orbital degrees of freedom are active, leading to giant responses to small perturbations. Moreover, several metallic and insulating phases compete, increasing the potential for novel behavior. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Dagotto, E (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. NR 77 TC 958 Z9 970 U1 30 U2 309 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JUL 8 PY 2005 VL 309 IS 5732 BP 257 EP 262 DI 10.1126/science.1107559 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 944SP UT WOS:000230449800032 PM 16002608 ER PT J AU Barnett, TP Pierce, DW AchutaRao, KM Gleckler, PJ Santer, BD Gregory, JM Washington, WM AF Barnett, TP Pierce, DW AchutaRao, KM Gleckler, PJ Santer, BD Gregory, JM Washington, WM TI Penetration of human-induced warming into the world's oceans SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; GREENHOUSE-GAS; OVERTURNING CIRCULATION; FINGERPRINT METHOD; INDIAN-OCEAN; HEAT UPTAKE; MODEL; SIMULATIONS; 20TH-CENTURY; ATTRIBUTION AB A warming signal has penetrated into the world's oceans over the past 40 years. The signal is complex, with a vertical structure that varies widely by ocean; it cannot be explained by natural internal climate variability or solar and volcanic forcing, but is well simulated by two anthropogenicaliy forced climate models. We conclude that it is of human origin, a conclusion robust to,observational. sampling and model differences. Changes in advection combine with surface forcing to give the overall warming pattern. The implications of this study suggest that society needs to seriously consider model predictions of future climate change. C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Div Climate Res, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Program Climate Model Diagnoses & Intercomparison, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. UK Med Off Hadley Ctr, Reading RG6 6BB, Berks, England. Univ Reading, Reading RG6 6BB, Berks, England. Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. RP Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Div Climate Res, 0224, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. EM tbarnett@ucsd.edu RI Santer, Benjamin/F-9781-2011; Gleckler, Peter/H-4762-2012; Gregory, Jonathan/J-2939-2016 OI Gleckler, Peter/0000-0003-2816-6224; Gregory, Jonathan/0000-0003-1296-8644 NR 28 TC 258 Z9 272 U1 5 U2 73 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 EI 1095-9203 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JUL 8 PY 2005 VL 309 IS 5732 BP 284 EP 287 DI 10.1126/science.1112418 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 944SP UT WOS:000230449800040 PM 15933161 ER PT J AU Keeler, GA Serkland, DK Geib, KM Peake, GM AF Keeler, GA Serkland, DK Geib, KM Peake, GM TI In situ OTDR for low-cost optical networks using singlemode 850 nm VCSEL SO ELECTRONICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB A new approach to optical time-domain reflectometry (OTDR) is proposed that will enable distributed fault monitoring in singlemode VCSEL-based networks. In situ OTDR uses the transmitter VCSEL already resident in data transceivers as both emitter and resonant-cavity photodiode for fault location measurements. Also valuable at longer wavelengths, the concept is demonstrated here using an 850 our oxide-confined VCSEL and simple electronics. The dead times and sensitivity obtained are adequate to detect the majority of faults anticipated in local- and metropolitan-area networks. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Compound Semicond Res Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Keeler, GA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Compound Semicond Res Lab, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM gakeele@sandia.gov NR 8 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEE-INST ELEC ENG PI HERTFORD PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD SG1 2AY, ENGLAND SN 0013-5194 J9 ELECTRON LETT JI Electron. Lett. PD JUL 7 PY 2005 VL 41 IS 14 BP 819 EP 820 DI 10.1049/el:20051503 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 946GQ UT WOS:000230560800028 ER PT J AU Jun, SI McKnight, TE Melechko, AV Simpson, ML Rack, PD AF Jun, SI McKnight, TE Melechko, AV Simpson, ML Rack, PD TI Characterisation of reactively sputtered silicon oxide for thin-film transistor fabrication SO ELECTRONICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB To overcome deficiencies of sputtered silicon dioxide (SiO2) films the RF magnetron sputtering process was optimised using a full factorial design of experiment. The optimised SiO2 film has a 5.7 MV/cm breakdown field and a 6.2 nm/min deposition rate at 10 W/cm(2) RF power, 3 mtorr pressure, 300 degrees C substrate temperature, and 56 V substrate bias. Thin-film transistors were also fabricated and characterised to show potential and prospective applications of the optimised SiO2 films. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mol Scale Engn & Nanoscale Technol Res Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Jun, SI (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM sjun3@utk.edu RI Melechko, Anatoli/B-8820-2008; Simpson, Michael/A-8410-2011; McKnight, Tim/H-3087-2011; OI Simpson, Michael/0000-0002-3933-3457; McKnight, Tim/0000-0003-4326-9117; Rack, Philip/0000-0002-9964-3254 NR 4 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 5 PU IEE-INST ELEC ENG PI HERTFORD PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD SG1 2AY, ENGLAND SN 0013-5194 J9 ELECTRON LETT JI Electron. Lett. PD JUL 7 PY 2005 VL 41 IS 14 BP 822 EP 823 DI 10.1049/el:20051045 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 946GQ UT WOS:000230560800030 ER PT J AU Camporeale, E Lapenta, G AF Camporeale, E Lapenta, G TI Model of bifurcated current sheets in the Earth's magnetotail: Equilibrium and stability SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID HYBRID-DRIFT INSTABILITY; THIN CURRENT SHEET; COLLISIONLESS MAGNETIC RECONNECTION; ION KINK INSTABILITY; SUBSTORM ONSET; KINETIC-THEORY; NEUTRAL SHEET; VLASOV THEORY; PLASMA SHEET; SIMULATIONS AB [1] Recent observations of CLUSTER have reconfirmed the recurring presence of bifurcated current sheets. The present paper revisits the model of Schindler and Birn ( 2002) to describe analytically bifurcated current sheets. Our contributions are in order. First, we describe a number of analytical velocity distribution functions that lead to bifurcated current sheets. Second, we derive necessary and sufficient conditions that determine when current sheets can be produced within the mathematical model of Schindler and Birn ( 2002). Third, we present a class of bifurcated current sheets, and we describe their properties. Fourth, we study the stability of bifurcated current sheets to the tearing instability finding that bifurcated current sheets tend to be more stable. Finally, we investigate the stability of bifurcated current sheets to the lower hybrid drift instability (LHDI) and kinking instability proving their presence. The work reported here is intended to extend and investigate the properties of instabilities from the typical but academic case of the Harris current sheet to current sheet equilibria that are more realisticly representative of the real magnetotail. C1 Politecn Torino, Dipartimento Energet, I-10129 Turin, Italy. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Camporeale, E (reprint author), Politecn Torino, Dipartimento Energet, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, I-10129 Turin, Italy. EM enrico@lanl.gov; lapenta@lanl.gov OI Lapenta, Giovanni/0000-0002-3123-4024 NR 60 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD JUL 7 PY 2005 VL 110 IS A7 AR A07206 DI 10.1029/2004JA010779 PG 21 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 947KJ UT WOS:000230642000001 ER PT J AU Huang, CS Reeves, GD Le, G Yumoto, K AF Huang, CS Reeves, GD Le, G Yumoto, K TI Are sawtooth oscillations of energetic plasma particle fluxes caused by periodic substorms or driven by solar wind pressure enhancements? SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID INTERPLANETARY MAGNETIC-FIELD; MAGNETOSPHERIC SUBSTORMS; SUDDEN IMPULSES; LOW-LATITUDE; EARTHS MAGNETOSPHERE; GEOTAIL OBSERVATIONS; STORMS; RECONNECTION; ONSETS; SHAPE AB [1] Energetic electron and proton fluxes measured by geosynchronous satellites often show sawtooth-like variations during magnetic storms. We examine whether the sawtooth oscillations and relevant magnetospheric-ionospheric disturbances are caused by periodic substorms or driven by a series of enhancements in the solar wind pressure. We show that there are significant differences between periodic substorms and solar wind-induced variations. The energetic fluxes at geosynchronous orbit may increase by orders of magnitude after each onset of periodic substorms and by 10 - 50% in response to a large solar wind pressure impulse. The sudden increases of the energetic fluxes during periodic substorms show significant time delays of 30 - 50 min at different longitudes/local times, indicating that the fluxes are injected on the nightside and then drift to the dayside. In contrast, the small flux increases caused by solar wind pressure enhancements occur almost simultaneously at all local times. The periodic substorms always have a strong spectrum peak at 2 - 3 hours, no matter whether the solar wind pressure and/or IMF have similar spectrum peaks. The nightside magnetospheric magnetic elevation angle shows a large ( 30 - 60 degrees) increase at each onset of periodic substorms through dipolarization and a small (< 10 degrees) decrease in response to a solar wind pressure impulse. Each cycle of periodic substorms can cause a deviation of 40 - 60 nT in the midlatitude geomagnetic field; the midlatitude geomagnetic deviations caused by solar wind pressure enhancements are proportional to the square root of the pressure change. The increase of the polar cap index caused by substorms is similar to 4 times that caused by solar wind pressure enhancements. We conclude that the sawtooth-like flux oscillations represent flux injections during periodic substorms and that the period of substorms is determined by the magnetosphere. C1 MIT, Haystack Observ, Westford, MA 01886 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NASA, Extraterr Phys Lab, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. Kyushu Univ, Space Environm Res Ctr, Fukuoka 812, Japan. RP Huang, CS (reprint author), MIT, Haystack Observ, Route 40, Westford, MA 01886 USA. EM cshuang@haystack.mit.edu; reeves@lanl.gov; guan.le@nasa.gov; yumoto@geo.kyushu-u.ac.jp RI Le, Guan/C-9524-2012; Reeves, Geoffrey/E-8101-2011 OI Le, Guan/0000-0002-9504-5214; Reeves, Geoffrey/0000-0002-7985-8098 NR 41 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9380 EI 2169-9402 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD JUL 7 PY 2005 VL 110 IS A7 AR A07207 DI 10.1029/2005JA011018 PG 19 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 947KJ UT WOS:000230642000002 ER PT J AU Bylaska, EJ Dupuis, M Tratnyek, PG AF Bylaska, EJ Dupuis, M Tratnyek, PG TI Ab initio electronic structure study of one-electron reduction of polychlorinated ethylenes SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID POLARIZABLE CONTINUUM MODEL; ION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; FREE-ENERGIES; CHLOROETHYLENE ANIONS; CHLORINATED METHANES; MOLECULAR-ENERGIES; WAVE-FUNCTIONS; BASIS-SETS; SOLVATION; DENSITY AB Polychlorethylene radicals, anions, and radical anions are potential intermediates in the reduction of polychlorinated ethylenes (C2Cl4, C2HCl3, trans-C2H2Cl2, cis-C2H2O2, 1,1-C2H2O2, C2H3Cl). Ab initio electronic structure methods were used to calculate the thermochemical properties, Delta H-f(o)(298.15 K), S degrees(298.15 K, 1 bar), and Delta G(S)(298.15 K, 1 bar) of 37 different polychloroethylenyl radicals, anions, and radical anion complexes, C2HyCl3-y*, C2HyCl3-y-, and C2HyCl4-y center dot- for y = 0-3, for the purpose of characterizing reduction mechanisms of polychlorinated ethylenes. In this study, 8 radicals, 7 anions, and 22 radical anions were found to have stable structures, i.e., minima on the potential energy surfaces. This multitude of isomers for C2HyCl4-y center dot- radical anion complexes are pi*, sigma*, and -H center dot center dot center dot Cl- structures. Several stable pi* radical anionic structures were obtained for the first time through the use of restricted open-shell theories. On the basis of the calculated thermochemical estimates, the overall reaction energetics (in the gas phase and aqueous phase) for several mechanisms of the first electron reduction of the polychlorinated ethylenes were determined. In almost all of the gas-phase reactions, the thermodynamically most favorable pathways involve -H center dot center dot center dot Cl- complexes of the C2HyCl4-y center dot- radical anion, in which a chloride ion is loosely bound to a hydrogen of a C2HxCl2-x center dot radical. The exception is for C2Cl4, in which the most favorable anionic structure is a loose sigma* radical anion complex, with a nearly iso-energetic pi* radical anion. Solvation significantly changes the product energetics with the thermodynamically most favorable pathway leading to C2HyCl3-y center dot + Cl-. The results suggest that a higher degree of chlorination favors reduction, and that reduction pathways involving the C2HyCl3-y- anions are high energy pathways. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental Sci Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, OGI Sch Sci & Engn, Beaverton, OR 97006 USA. RP Bylaska, EJ (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental Sci Div, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 60 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD JUL 7 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 26 BP 5905 EP 5916 DI 10.1021/jp0407526 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 941OV UT WOS:000230225000016 PM 16833925 ER PT J AU Bhirud, VA Iddir, H Browning, ND Gates, BC AF Bhirud, VA Iddir, H Browning, ND Gates, BC TI Intact and fragmented triosmium clusters on MgO: Characterization by X-ray absorption spectroscopy and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID ALUMINA; SURFACE; CHEMISORPTION; DECOMPOSITION; REACTIVITY; CARBONYLS; OS3(CO)12; CATALYSTS; SILICA AB Oxidative fragmentation of the clusters Os-3(CO)(12) adsorbed on MgO powder was investigated by X-ray absorption spectroscopy and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). Exposure of the clusters to air leads to their fragmentation, oxidation of the osmium, and formation of ensembles consisting of three Os atoms. X-ray absorption near-edge spectra demonstrate the oxidative nature of the fragmentation process. Extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectra indicate an average Os-Os distance of 3.33 angstrom and an Os-Os coordination number of 2, consistent with the formation of ensembles of three Os atoms on the support. STEM images confirm the presence of such trinuclear ensembles, and the diameters of the observed scattering centers (6.0 angstrom) match that indicated by the EXAFS results. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Natl Ctr Electron Microscopy, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Gates, BC (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. OI Browning, Nigel/0000-0003-0491-251X NR 19 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD JUL 7 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 26 BP 12738 EP 12741 DI 10.1021/jp0516011 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 941OS UT WOS:000230224700014 PM 16852578 ER PT J AU Kim, TW Park, SJ Jones, LE Toney, MF Park, KW Sung, YE AF Kim, TW Park, SJ Jones, LE Toney, MF Park, KW Sung, YE TI Structure and electrocatalysis of sputtered RuPt thin-film electrodes SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID METHANOL ELECTROOXIDATION; FUEL-CELLS; ALLOYS; PLATINUM; NANOPARTICLES; OXIDATION; CATALYSTS; ELECTROCHEMISTRY; TERNARY AB The structural and electrochemical properties of RuPt thin-film electrodes fabricated by radio frequency (rf) magnetron sputtering have been investigated. Grazing incidence X-ray diffraction data show a transition from a face-centered cubic (fee) to hexagonal cubic-packed (hcp) structure as the Ru percentage increases. The transition occurs gradually between 32 and 58% Ru, which is significantly different from the bulk RuPt phase diagram. The catalytic activity of the thin-film electrodes for methanol oxidation shows a broad peak near 40-60% Ru, consistent with previous reports. The relationship between catalytic activity and film structure is discussed and contrasted with previous investigations. C1 Gwangju Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Kwangju 500712, South Korea. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. Seoul Natl Univ, Sch Chem Engn, Seoul 151744, South Korea. Seoul Natl Univ, Res Ctr Energy Convers & Storage, Seoul 151744, South Korea. RP Gwangju Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Kwangju 500712, South Korea. RI jiseon, seo/N-1516-2015 NR 36 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD JUL 7 PY 2005 VL 109 IS 26 BP 12845 EP 12849 DI 10.1021/jp050616g PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 941OS UT WOS:000230224700029 PM 16852593 ER PT J AU Galli, G AF Galli, G TI Solid-state physics - Doping the undopable SO NATURE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Galli, G (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM galligygi1@llnl.gov NR 7 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 4 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD JUL 7 PY 2005 VL 436 IS 7047 BP 32 EP 33 DI 10.1038/436032a PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 942QJ UT WOS:000230296600027 PM 16001049 ER PT J AU Radisky, DC Levy, DD Littlepage, LE Liu, H Nelson, CM Fata, JE Leake, D Godden, EL Albertson, DG Nieto, MA Werb, Z Bissell, MJ AF Radisky, DC Levy, DD Littlepage, LE Liu, H Nelson, CM Fata, JE Leake, D Godden, EL Albertson, DG Nieto, MA Werb, Z Bissell, MJ TI Rac1b and reactive oxygen species mediate MMP-3-induced EMT and genomic instability SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID MAMMARY EPITHELIAL-CELLS; OXIDATIVE STRESS; MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASES; SPLICE VARIANT; TUMOR; EXPRESSION; TRANSFORMATION; SUPPRESSION; PROGRESSION; TRANSITION AB The tumour microenvironment can be a potent carcinogen, not only by facilitating cancer progression and activating dormant cancer cells, but also by stimulating tumour formation(1). We have previously investigated stromelysin-1/matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3), a stromal enzyme upregulated in many breast tumours(2), and found that MMP-3 can cause epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and malignant transformation in cultured cells(3-5), and genomically unstable mammary carcinomas in transgenic mice(3). Here we explain the molecular pathways by which MMP-3 exerts these effects: exposure of mouse mammary epithelial cells to MMP-3 induces the expression of an alternatively spliced form of Rac1, which causes an increase in cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). The ROS stimulate the expression of the transcription factor Snail and EMT, and cause oxidative damage to DNA and genomic instability. These findings identify a previously undescribed pathway in which a component of the breast tumour microenvironment alters cellular structure in culture and tissue structure in vivo, leading to malignant transformation. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Anat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Dharmacon Inc, Lafayette, CO 80026 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Lab Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Ctr Comprehens Canc, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Inst Neurosci Alicante, Dept Dev Neurobiol, Alacant 03550, Spain. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM dcradisky@lbl.gov; mjbissell@lbl.gov RI Nieto, Angela/A-6531-2008 OI Nieto, Angela/0000-0002-3538-840X FU NCI NIH HHS [R01 CA057621, R01 CA057621-07] NR 30 TC 654 Z9 675 U1 5 U2 56 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 EI 1476-4687 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD JUL 7 PY 2005 VL 436 IS 7047 BP 123 EP 127 DI 10.1038/nature03688 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 942QJ UT WOS:000230296600051 PM 16001073 ER PT J AU Tang, QL Zeng, GSL Gullberg, GT AF Tang, QL Zeng, GSL Gullberg, GT TI Analytical fan-beam and cone-beam reconstruction algorithms with uniform attenuation correction for SPECT SO PHYSICS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID EMISSION-COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; EXPONENTIAL RADON-TRANSFORM; IMAGE-RECONSTRUCTION; INVERSION-FORMULA; COLLIMATOR AB In this paper, we developed an analytical fan-beam reconstruction algorithm that compensates for uniform attenuation in SPECT. The new fan-beam algorithm is in the form of backprojection first, then filtering, and is mathematically exact. The algorithm is based on three components. The first one is the established generalized central-slice theorem, which relates the I D Fourier transform of a set of arbitrary data and the 2D Fourier transform of the backprojected image. The second one is the fact that the backprojection of the fan-beam measurements is identical to the backprojection of the parallel measurements of the same object with the same attenuator. The third one is the stable analytical reconstruction algorithm for uniformly attenuated Radon data, developed by Metz and Pan. The fan-beam algorithm is then extended into a cone-beam reconstruction algorithm, where the orbit of the focal point of the cone-beam imaging geometry is a circle. This orbit geometry does not satisfy Tuy's condition and the obtained cone-beam algorithm is an approximation. In the cone-beam algorithm, the cone-beam data are first backprojected into the 3D image volume; then a slice-by-slice filtering is performed. This slice-by-slice filtering procedure is identical to that of the fan-beam algorithm. Both the fan-beam and cone-beam algorithms are efficient, and computer simulations are presented. The new cone-beam algorithm is compared with Bronnikov's cone-beam algorithm, and it is shown to have better performance with noisy projections. C1 Univ Utah, Dept Phys, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. Univ Utah, Dept Radiol, Salt Lake City, UT 84108 USA. EO Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Utah, Dept Phys, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. EM tangql@physics.utah.edu; larry@ucair.med.utah.edu; gtgullberg@lbl.gov FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 100181]; NIBIB NIH HHS [EB00121] NR 24 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0031-9155 EI 1361-6560 J9 PHYS MED BIOL JI Phys. Med. Biol. PD JUL 7 PY 2005 VL 50 IS 13 BP 3153 EP 3170 DI 10.1088/0031-9155/50/13/013 PG 18 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 948HU UT WOS:000230707500013 PM 15972987 ER PT J AU Link, JM Yager, PM Anjos, JC Bediaga, I Gobel, C Machado, AA Magnin, J Massafferri, A de Miranda, JM Pepe, IM Polycarpo, E dos Reis, AC Carrillo, S Casimiro, E Cuautle, E Sanchez-Hernandez, A Uribe, C Vazquez, F Agostino, L Cinquini, L Cumalat, JP O'Reilly, B Segoni, I Stenson, K Butler, JN Cheung, HWK Chiodini, G Gaines, I Garbincius, PH Garren, LA Gottschalk, E Kasper, PH Kreymer, AE Kutschke, R Wang, M Benussi, L Bertani, M Bianco, S Fabbri, FL Zallo, A Reyes, M Cawlfield, C Kim, DY Rahimi, A Wiss, J Gardner, R Kryemadhi, A Chung, YS Kang, JS Ko, BR Kwak, JW Lee, KB Cho, K Park, H Alimonti, G Barberis, S Boschini, M Cerutti, A D'Angelo, P DiCorato, M Dini, P Edera, L Erba, S Inzani, P Leveraro, F Malvezzi, S Menasce, D Mezzadri, M Moroni, L Pedrini, D Pontoglio, C Prelz, F Rovere, M Sala, S Davenport, TF Arena, V Boca, G Bonomi, G Gianini, G Liguori, G Pegna, DL Merlo, MM Pantea, D Ratti, SP Riccardi, C Vitulo, P Hernandez, H Lopez, AM Mendez, H Paris, A Quinones, J Ramirez, JE Zhang, Y Wilson, JR Handler, T Mitchell, R Engh, D Hosack, M Johns, WE Luiggi, E Moore, JE Nehring, M Sheldon, PD Vaandering, EW Webster, M Sheaff, M AF Link, JM Yager, PM Anjos, JC Bediaga, I Gobel, C Machado, AA Magnin, J Massafferri, A de Miranda, JM Pepe, IM Polycarpo, E dos Reis, AC Carrillo, S Casimiro, E Cuautle, E Sanchez-Hernandez, A Uribe, C Vazquez, F Agostino, L Cinquini, L Cumalat, JP O'Reilly, B Segoni, I Stenson, K Butler, JN Cheung, HWK Chiodini, G Gaines, I Garbincius, PH Garren, LA Gottschalk, E Kasper, PH Kreymer, AE Kutschke, R Wang, M Benussi, L Bertani, M Bianco, S Fabbri, FL Zallo, A Reyes, M Cawlfield, C Kim, DY Rahimi, A Wiss, J Gardner, R Kryemadhi, A Chung, YS Kang, JS Ko, BR Kwak, JW Lee, KB Cho, K Park, H Alimonti, G Barberis, S Boschini, M Cerutti, A D'Angelo, P DiCorato, M Dini, P Edera, L Erba, S Inzani, P Leveraro, F Malvezzi, S Menasce, D Mezzadri, M Moroni, L Pedrini, D Pontoglio, C Prelz, F Rovere, M Sala, S Davenport, TF Arena, V Boca, G Bonomi, G Gianini, G Liguori, G Pegna, DL Merlo, MM Pantea, D Ratti, SP Riccardi, C Vitulo, P Hernandez, H Lopez, AM Mendez, H Paris, A Quinones, J Ramirez, JE Zhang, Y Wilson, JR Handler, T Mitchell, R Engh, D Hosack, M Johns, WE Luiggi, E Moore, JE Nehring, M Sheldon, PD Vaandering, EW Webster, M Sheaff, M TI Measurement of the doubly Cabibbo suppressed decay D-0 K+pi(-) and a search for charm mixing SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID FOCUS AB We present an analysis of the decay D-0 -> K+pi(-) based on FOCUS data. From a sample of 234 signal events, we find a branching ration of Gamma(D-0 -> K+pi(-))/Gamma(D-0 -> K-pi(+)) = (0.429(-0.061)(+0.063) +/- 0.027)% under the assumptions of no mixing and no CP violation. Allowing for CP violation, we find a branching ration of (0.429 +/- 0.063 +/- 0.028)% and a CP asymmetry of 0.18 +/- 0.04. The branching ratio for the case of mixing with no CP violation is (0.381(-0.163)(+0.167) +/- 0.092)%. We also present limits on charm mixing. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Ctr Brasileiro Pesquisas Fis, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. CINVESTAV, Mexico City 07000, DF, Mexico. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Guanajuato, Leon 37150, Guanajuato, Mexico. Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. Korea Univ, Seoul 136701, South Korea. Kyungpook Natl Univ, Taegu 702701, South Korea. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Univ Milan, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Univ N Carolina, Asheville, NC 28804 USA. Dipartimento Fis Teorica & Nucl, Pavia, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Univ Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, PR 00681 USA. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM stenson@fnal.gov RI Bonomi, Germano/G-4236-2010; Kwak, Jungwon/K-8338-2012; Anjos, Joao/C-8335-2013; Link, Jonathan/L-2560-2013; Benussi, Luigi/O-9684-2014; Gobel Burlamaqui de Mello, Carla /H-4721-2016; Menasce, Dario Livio/A-2168-2016; OI Bonomi, Germano/0000-0003-1618-9648; Link, Jonathan/0000-0002-1514-0650; Benussi, Luigi/0000-0002-2363-8889; Gobel Burlamaqui de Mello, Carla /0000-0003-0523-495X; Kutschke, Robert/0000-0001-9315-2879; Menasce, Dario Livio/0000-0002-9918-1686; bianco, stefano/0000-0002-8300-4124; Kryemadhi, Abaz/0000-0002-1240-2803 NR 10 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 EI 1873-2445 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JUL 7 PY 2005 VL 618 IS 1-4 BP 23 EP 33 DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2005.05.020 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 941DD UT WOS:000230194000004 ER PT J AU Zhu, S Janssens, R Lane, GJ Wiedenhover, I Carpenter, M Ahmad, I Byrne, AP Chowdhury, P Cline, D Deacon, AN Dracoulis, GD Freeman, SJ Hammond, NJ Jones, GD Khoo, TL Kondev, F Lauritsen, T Lister, CJ Macchiavelli, AO Moore, EF Seweryniak, D Smith, JF Wu, CY AF Zhu, S Janssens, R Lane, GJ Wiedenhover, I Carpenter, M Ahmad, I Byrne, AP Chowdhury, P Cline, D Deacon, AN Dracoulis, GD Freeman, SJ Hammond, NJ Jones, GD Khoo, TL Kondev, F Lauritsen, T Lister, CJ Macchiavelli, AO Moore, EF Seweryniak, D Smith, JF Wu, CY TI Strength of octupole correlations in the actinides: contrasting behavior in the isotones U-237 and Pu-239 SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID INTRINSIC REFLECTION ASYMMETRY; COINCIDENCE DATA SETS; COULOMB-EXCITATION; ROTATIONAL BANDS; HIGH-SPIN; NUCLEI; ODD; DEFORMATION; ISOTOPES AB A study of high spin states in the odd-neutron isotones Pu-239 and U-237 is reported. Striking differences were found in the high-spin properties of rotational bands built on the 1/2(+) [63 1] ground states in these two nuclei. These differences mirror those observed in the even-even Pu and U immediate neighbors and appear to be related to the strength of octupole correlations. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Australian Natl Univ, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Univ Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. Univ Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. Univ Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England. RP Zhu, S (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM janssens@anl.gov RI Dracoulis, George/A-8123-2008; Freeman, Sean/B-1280-2010; Lane, Gregory/A-7570-2011; Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015; OI Freeman, Sean/0000-0001-9773-4921; Lane, Gregory/0000-0003-2244-182X; Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734; Hammond, Neil/0000-0001-6390-8874; Byrne, Aidan/0000-0002-7096-6455 NR 30 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JUL 7 PY 2005 VL 618 IS 1-4 BP 51 EP 59 DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2005.05.039 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 941DD UT WOS:000230194000007 ER PT J AU Friar, JL Payne, GL AF Friar, JL Payne, GL TI The nuclear physics of hyperfine structure in hydrogenic atoms SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID CHIRAL LAGRANGIANS; DEUTERIUM; MOMENTS; FORCES AB The theory of QED corrections to hyperfine structure in light hydrogenic atoms and ions has recently advanced to the point that the uncertainty of these corrections is much smaller than 1 part per million (ppm), while the experiments are even more accurate. The difference of the experimental results and the corresponding QED theory is due to nuclear effects, which are primarily the result of the finite nuclear charge and magnetization distributions. This difference varies from tens to hundreds of ppm. We have calculated the dominant nuclear component of the Is hyperfine interval for deuterium, tritium and singly ionized helium, using a unified approach with modern second-generation potentials. The calculated nuclear corrections are within 3% of the experimental values for deuterium and tritium, but are roughly 20% discrepant for helium. The nuclear corrections for the trinucleon systems can be qualitatively understood by invoking SU(4) symmetry. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Iowa, Dept Phys & Astron, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. RP Friar, JL (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM friar@behemoth.lanl.gov NR 32 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JUL 7 PY 2005 VL 618 IS 1-4 BP 68 EP 76 DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2005.05.015 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 941DD UT WOS:000230194000009 ER PT J AU Muller, B Fries, RJ Bass, SA AF Muller, B Fries, RJ Bass, SA TI Thermal recombination: Beyond the valence quark approximation SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID QCD; TEMPERATURE; TWIST AB Quark counting rules derived from recombination models agree well with data on hadron production at intermediate transverse momenta in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. They convey a simple picture of hadrons consisting only of valence quarks. We discuss the inclusion of higher Fock states that add sea quarks and gluons to the hadron structure. We show that, when recombination occurs from a thermal medium, hadron spectra remain unaffected by the inclusion of higher Fock states. However, the quark number scaling for elliptic flow is somewhat affected. We discuss the implications for our understanding of data from the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN, BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Muller, B (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. EM fries@physics.umn.edu OI Bass, Steffen/0000-0002-9451-0954 NR 24 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 EI 1873-2445 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD JUL 7 PY 2005 VL 618 IS 1-4 BP 77 EP 83 DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2005.05.025 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 941DD UT WOS:000230194000010 ER PT J AU Silver, GL AF Silver, GL TI Analysis of three-dimensional grids: cubes and cubic coefficients SO APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTATION LA English DT Article DE interpolation; response surfaces; main-effect coefficients; operational equations; curvature AB It is widely believed that third-order coefficients cannot be estimated from eight or nine data in cubical array. Equations that are exact on first, second, and third powers of trilinear data can be used for the purpose. The estimates are compared to the values obtained by Taylor expansions of typical generating functions. First-order coefficients are obtained from higher-order terms by the method of least squares. On monotonic data, they are often closer to the true values than main-effect approximations. The accuracy of the coefficients may be sufficient to interest experimentalists. (c) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Silver, GL (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663,MS E500, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM gsilver@lanl.gov NR 4 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0096-3003 J9 APPL MATH COMPUT JI Appl. Math. Comput. PD JUL 6 PY 2005 VL 166 IS 1 BP 196 EP 203 DI 10.1016/j.amc.2004.04.087 PG 8 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA 937UE UT WOS:000229950500015 ER PT J AU Afkar, E Reguera, G Schiffer, M Lovley, DR AF Afkar, E Reguera, G Schiffer, M Lovley, DR TI A novel Geobacteraceae-specific outer membrane protein J (OmpJ) is essential for electron transport to Fe (III) and Mn (IV) oxides in Geobacter sulfurreducens SO BMC MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INSOLUBLE FE(III) OXIDE; SHEWANELLA-PUTREFACIENS MR-1; DISSIMILATORY FE(III); SUBSURFACE SEDIMENTS; POLYACRYLAMIDE GELS; REDUCTION; METALLIREDUCENS; BIOREMEDIATION; ENVIRONMENTS; GROUNDWATER AB Background: Metal reduction is thought to take place at or near the bacterial outer membrane and, thus, outer membrane proteins in the model dissimilatory metal-reducing organism Geobacter sulfurreducens are of interest to understand the mechanisms of Fe( III) reduction in the Geobacter species that are the predominant Fe( III) reducers in many environments. Previous studies have implicated periplasmic and outer membrane cytochromes in electron transfer to metals. Here we show that the most abundant outer membrane protein of G. sulfurreducens, OmpJ, is not a cytochrome yet it is required for metal respiration. Results: When outer membrane proteins of G. sulfurreducens were separated via SDS-PAGE, one protein, designated OmpJ ( outer membrane protein J), was particularly abundant. The encoding gene, which was identified from mass spectrometry analysis of peptide fragments, is present in other Geobacteraceae, but not in organisms outside this family. The predicted localization and structure of the OmpJ protein suggested that it was a porin. Deletion of the ompJ gene in G. sulfurreducens produced a strain that grew as well as the wild-type strain with fumarate as the electron acceptor but could not grow with metals, such as soluble or insoluble Fe ( III) and insoluble Mn (IV) oxide, as the electron acceptor. The heme c content in the mutant strain was ca. 50% of the wild-type and there was a widespread loss of multiple cytochromes from soluble and membrane fractions. Transmission electron microscopy analyses of mutant cells revealed an unusually enlarged periplasm, which is likely to trigger extracytoplasmic stress response mechanisms leading to the degradation of periplasmic and/or outer membrane proteins, such as cytochromes, required for metal reduction. Thus, the loss of the capacity for extracellular electron transport in the mutant could be due to the missing c-type cytochromes, or some more direct, but as yet unknown, role of OmpJ in metal reduction. Conclusion: OmpJ is a putative porin found in the outer membrane of the model metal reducer G. sulfurreducens that is required for respiration of extracellular electron acceptors such as soluble and insoluble metals. The effect of OmpJ in extracellular electron transfer is indirect, as OmpJ is required to keep the integrity of the periplasmic space necessary for proper folding and functioning of periplasmic and outer membrane electron transport components. The exclusive presence of ompJ in members of the Geobacteraceae family as well as its role in metal reduction suggest that the ompJ sequence may be useful in tracking the growth or activity of Geobacteraceae in sedimentary environments. C1 Univ Massachusetts, Dept Microbiol, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Reguera, G (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Microbiol, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. EM eman_afkar@yahoo.com; greguera@microbio.umass.edu; mschiffer@anl.gov; dlovley@microbio.umass.edu RI Afkar, Eman/I-2066-2016 OI Afkar, Eman/0000-0002-7442-4880 NR 47 TC 37 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 12 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2180 J9 BMC MICROBIOL JI BMC Microbiol. PD JUL 6 PY 2005 VL 5 AR 41 DI 10.1186/1471-2180-5-41 PG 11 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 955NK UT WOS:000231232500001 PM 16000176 ER PT J AU Reidys, CM AF Reidys, CM TI On certain morphisms of sequential dynamical systems SO DISCRETE MATHEMATICS LA English DT Article DE acyclic orientations; sequential dynamical system; orderings; symmetries; graph automorphisms ID ACYCLIC ORIENTATIONS C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, CCS, DSS, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Reidys, CM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, CCS, DSS, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM duck@santafe.edu NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0012-365X J9 DISCRETE MATH JI Discret. Math. PD JUL 6 PY 2005 VL 296 IS 2-3 BP 245 EP 257 DI 10.1016/j.disc.2005.03.013 PG 13 WC Mathematics SC Mathematics GA 952UJ UT WOS:000231030700009 ER PT J AU Linn, RR Cunningham, P AF Linn, RR Cunningham, P TI Numerical simulations of grass fires using a coupled atmosphere-fire model: Basic fire behavior and dependence on wind speed SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID DISCRETE FUEL-ELEMENTS; AIDED FIRESPREAD; SPREAD; ARRAYS AB Numerical simulations using a fire model, FIRETEC, coupled to an atmospheric dynamics model, HIGRAD, are examined to investigate several fundamental aspects of fire behavior in grasslands, and specifically the dependence of this behavior on the ambient atmospheric winds and on the initial length of the fire line. The FIRETEC model is based on a multi-phase transport approach, and incorporates representations of the physical processes that govern wildfires, such as combustion and radiative and convective heat exchange. Results from the coupled model show that the forward spread of the simulated fires increases with increasing ambient wind speed, and the spread rates are consistent with those observed in field experiments of grass fires; however, the forward spread also depends significantly on the initial length of the fire line, and for a given ambient wind speed the spread rate for long (100 m) lines is greater than that for short (16 m) lines. The spread of the simulated fires in the lateral direction also depends on the ambient wind speed and the length of the fire line, and a possible explanation for this effect is given. For weak ambient winds, the shape of the fire perimeter is dramatically different from that seen with higher wind speeds. The shape of the fire perimeter is also shown to depend on the initial length of the fire line. These differences in fire behavior are attributed to the differences in the nature of the coupled atmosphere-fire interactions among these cases, and are described in terms of the complex interplay between radiative and convective heat transfer. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Florida State Univ, Dept Meteorol, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Florida State Univ, Inst Geophys Fluid Dynam, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. RP Linn, RR (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM rrl@lanl.gov; cunningham@met.fsu.edu NR 37 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD JUL 6 PY 2005 VL 110 IS D13 AR D13107 DI 10.1029/2004JD005597 PG 19 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 947JY UT WOS:000230640800002 ER PT J AU Sale, K Song, LK Liu, YS Perozo, E Fajer, P AF Sale, K Song, LK Liu, YS Perozo, E Fajer, P TI Explicit treatment of spin labels in modeling of distance constraints from dipolar EPR and DEER SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-PARAMAGNETIC-RESONANCE; ORIENTATION; PELDOR C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Biosyst Res, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Florida State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Inst Mol Biophys, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Univ Virginia, Dept Mol Physiol & Biol Phys, Charlottesville, VA USA. Univ Virginia, Ctr Struct Biol, Charlottesville, VA USA. RP Sale, K (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Biosyst Res, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM klsale@sandia.gov; fajer@magnet.fsu.edu OI Liu, Yi-Shiuan/0000-0003-3205-8963 NR 12 TC 81 Z9 82 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JUL 6 PY 2005 VL 127 IS 26 BP 9334 EP 9335 DI 10.1021/ja051652w PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 941NG UT WOS:000230220900012 PM 15984837 ER PT J AU Yin, M Wu, CK Lou, YB Burda, C Koberstein, JT Zhu, YM O'Brien, S AF Yin, M Wu, CK Lou, YB Burda, C Koberstein, JT Zhu, YM O'Brien, S TI Copper oxide nanocrystals SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID CUPROUS-OXIDE; MONODISPERSE NANOCRYSTALS; CU-O; EXCITONS; SIZE; NANOPARTICLES; PARTICLES; LUMINESCENCE; SPECTROSCOPY; ABSORPTION AB It is well-known that inorganic nanocrystals are a benchmark model for nanotechnology, given that the tunability of optical properties and the stabilization of specific phases are uniquely possible at the nanoscale. Copper (I) oxide (Cu2O) is a metal oxide semiconductor with promising applications in solar energy conversion and catalysis. To understand the Cu/Cu2O/CuO system at the nanoscale, we have developed a method for preparing highly uniform monodisperse nanocrystals of Cu2O. The procedure also serves to demonstrate our development of a generalized method for the synthesis of transition metal oxide nanocrystals. Cu nanocrystals are initially formed and subsequently oxidized to form highly crystalline Cu2O. The volume change during phase transformation can induce crystal twinning. Absorption in the visible region of the spectrum gave evidence for the presence of a thin, epitaxial layer of CuO, which is blue-shifted, and appears to increase in energy as a function of decreasing particle size. XPS confirmed the thin layer of CuO, calculated to have a thickness of similar to 5 angstrom. We note that the copper (I) oxide phase is surprisingly well-stabilized at this length scale. C1 Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Appl Math, Mat Res Sci & Engn Ctr, New York, NY 10027 USA. Columbia Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Mat Res Sci & Engn Ctr, New York, NY 10027 USA. Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Chem, Ctr Chem Dynam & Nanomat Res, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Mat Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP O'Brien, S (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Appl Math, Mat Res Sci & Engn Ctr, New York, NY 10027 USA. EM so188@columbia.edu RI Burda, Clemens/C-5107-2008; Burda, Clemens/D-1933-2010; bartelsdoe, ludwig/F-8008-2011; O'Brien, Stephen/D-7682-2013; Lou, Yongbing/M-4878-2013 OI Burda, Clemens/0000-0002-7342-2840; Lou, Yongbing/0000-0002-8224-5057 NR 35 TC 456 Z9 467 U1 70 U2 566 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JUL 6 PY 2005 VL 127 IS 26 BP 9506 EP 9511 DI 10.1021/ja050006u PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 941NG UT WOS:000230220900052 PM 15984877 ER PT J AU Larson, RS AF Larson, RS TI Model for reaction-assisted polymer dissolution in LIGA SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE lithography; miscibility; modeling; photochemistry ID SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION LITHOGRAPHY; POLY(METHYL METHACRYLATE); X-RAY; STRUCTURAL-CHANGES; POLY-(METHYL METHACRYLATE); INDUCED DEGRADATION; ELECTRON-RESIST; DEVELOPER; PMMA; TEMPERATURE AB A new chemically oriented mathematical model for the development step of the LIGA process is presented (LIGA is an acronym for the German words Lithographic, Galvanoformung, and Abformung). The key assumption is that the developer can react with the polymeric resist material to increase the solubility of the latter, thereby partially overcoming the need to reduce the polymer size. The ease with which this reaction takes place is assumed to be determined by the number of side-chain scissions that occur during, the X-ray exposure phase of the process. The dynamics of the dissolution process are simulated by the solution of the reaction diffusion equations for this three-component, two-phase system, the three species being the unreacted and reacted polymers and the solvent. The mass fluxes are described by multicomponent diffusion (Stefan-Maxwell) equations, and the chemical potentials are assumed to be given by the Flory-Huggins theory. Sample calculations are used to determine the dependence of the dissolution rate on key system parameters such as the reaction rate constant, polymer size, solid-phase diffusivity, and Flory-Huggins interaction parameters. A simple photo-chemistry model is used to relate the reaction rate constant and the polymer size to the absorbed X-ray dose. The resulting formula for the dissolution rate as a function of the dose and temperature is fit to an extensive experimental database to evaluate a set of unknown global parameters. The results suggest that reaction-assisted dissolution is very important at low doses and low temperatures, the solubility of the unreacted polymer being too small for it to be dissolved at an appreciable rate. However, at high doses or at higher temperatures, the solubility is such that the reaction is no longer needed, and dissolution can take place via the conventional route. These results provide an explanation for the observed dependences of both the rate of dissolution and its activation energy on the absorbed dose. (c) 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Fluid & Thermal Sci Dept, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Sandia Natl Labs, Fluid & Thermal Sci Dept, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM rslarso@ca.sandia.gov NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0021-8995 EI 1097-4628 J9 J APPL POLYM SCI JI J. Appl. Polym. Sci. PD JUL 5 PY 2005 VL 97 IS 1 BP 25 EP 37 DI 10.1002/app.21722 PG 13 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 925QD UT WOS:000229066800004 ER PT J AU Jung, GY Li, ZY Wu, W Ganapathiappan, S Li, XM Olynick, DL Wang, SY Tong, WM Williams, RS AF Jung, GY Li, ZY Wu, W Ganapathiappan, S Li, XM Olynick, DL Wang, SY Tong, WM Williams, RS TI Improved pattern transfer in nanoimprint lithography at 30 nm half-pitch by substrate-surface functionalization SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS; IMPRINT LITHOGRAPHY; FABRICATION; ADHESION; DEPOSITION; RESOLUTION AB Resist detachment from the substrate during mold-substrate separation is one of the key challenges for nanoimprint lithography as the pitch of features decreases. We analyzed the problem by considering the surface and interfacial free energies of the initial state and the possible final states of the mold-polymer-substrate system and designed the chemistry of the system to provide the desired final state. We dramatically improved the resist adhesion to the substrate by assembling a monolayer of surface linker molecules on the substrate surface. A 37 nanowire pattern at 30 nm half-pitch was imprinted onto the surface-modified substrate. C1 Hewlett Packard Labs, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Hewlett Packard Corp, Inkjet Technol Platform, Technol Dev Operat, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. RP Williams, RS (reprint author), Hewlett Packard Labs, 1501 Page Mill Rd, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. EM stan.williams@hp.com RI Tong, William/D-2564-2010; Wu, Wei/D-1908-2011; Williams, R. Stanley/A-8281-2009; OI Williams, R. Stanley/0000-0003-0213-4259; Wang, Shih-Yuan/0000-0002-1212-3484 NR 18 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD JUL 5 PY 2005 VL 21 IS 14 BP 6127 EP 6130 DI 10.1021/la050021c PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 941XW UT WOS:000230248500002 PM 15982008 ER PT J AU Johnson, SB Brown, GE Healy, TW Scales, PJ AF Johnson, SB Brown, GE Healy, TW Scales, PJ TI Adsorption of organic matter at mineral/water interfaces. 6. Effect of inner-sphere versus outer-sphere adsorption on colloidal stability SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID AQUEOUS ALUMINA SUSPENSIONS; MONOVALENT ELECTROLYTE IONS; SHEAR YIELD-STRESS; COORDINATION CHEMISTRY; WATER INTERFACE; ALPHA-ALUMINA; SURFACE COMPLEX; ATR-FTIR; DISSOLUTION; PARTICLES AB The effects of the adsorption modes of several low molecular weight (LMW) organic anions (maleate, oxalate, and citrate) on the colloidal stability of corundum-water suspensions have been examined using electrokinetic and shear yield stress (tau(y)) measurements over a broad range of pH conditions and LMW organic anion concentrations. Consistent with previous studies, increasing concentrations of maleate, oxalate, and citrate progressively shift the electrokinetic isoelectric point and pH of the maximum shear yield stress (tau(y,max)) to more acidic conditions. Due to its predominant electrostatic driving force for adsorption, outer-spherically adsorbed maleate possesses a very limited ability to charge reverse the corundum-water interface or bind to the negatively charged corundum surface. By contrast, inner-spherically adsorbed oxalate and citrate can significantly charge reverse the corundum-water interface, with the extent of charge reversal being related to the relative binding strengths of the oxalate and citrate anions. Adsorbed maleate, oxalate, and citrate generate steric barriers to interparticle approach, leading to substantial reductions in the magnitude of tau(y,max) at low to intermediate concentrations of those LMW anions. At the highest anion concentrations investigated, however, increases in tau(y,max) are observed, and can be attributed to the formation of bridging Al(III)-organic surface precipitates, as suggested by in situ attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic measurements of corundum-oxalate suspensions at high oxalate concentrations. The extent of precipitate formation is greatest for the corundum-oxalate system due to the strong dissolution-enhancing properties of the inner-spherically adsorbed oxalate anion (i.e., its ability to generate enhanced concentrations of dissolved AI(Ill) which can then participate in precipitate formation). The effects of the LMW organic anion adsorption modes on both the forms of the measured tau(y) versus pH data, and the ability to quantitatively compare tau(y) and zeta potential data measured at different corundum concentrations, are also discussed. C1 Univ Melbourne, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Part Fluids Proc Ctr, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. Stanford Univ, Surface & Aqueous Geochem Grp, Dept Geol & Environm Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. SLAC, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Scales, PJ (reprint author), Univ Melbourne, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Part Fluids Proc Ctr, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. EM peterjs@unimelb.edu.au RI SCALES, PETER/I-8103-2013 OI SCALES, PETER/0000-0002-8033-3686 NR 62 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 1 U2 37 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD JUL 5 PY 2005 VL 21 IS 14 BP 6356 EP 6365 DI 10.1021/la047030q PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 941XW UT WOS:000230248500036 PM 15982042 ER PT J AU Doshi, DA Watkins, EB Israelachvili, JN Majewski, J AF Doshi, DA Watkins, EB Israelachvili, JN Majewski, J TI Reduced water density at hydrophobic surfaces: Effect of dissolved gases SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE interfacial water; neutron reflectivity; slip conditions ID LIQUID-VAPOR INTERFACES; LONG-RANGE; X-RAY; NEUTRON REFLECTIVITY; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; NANOBUBBLES; ATTRACTION; MONOLAYERS; FORCES; FILMS AB Here, direct noninvasive neutron reflectivity measurements reveal the presence of a reduced (deuterated) water density region, with a sigmoidal density profile at the hydrophobic silane-water interface that depends on the type and concentration of dissolved gases in the water. Removal of dissolved gases decreases the width of the reduced water density region, and their reintroduction leads to its increase. When compared with recent computer simulations, a locally fluctuating density profile is proposed, whereas preexisting nanobubbles are excluded. The presence of a fluctuating reduced water density region between two hydrophobic surfaces and the attractive "depletion force" to which it leads may help explain the hydrophobic force and its reported diminution in cleaerated water. Our results are also quantitatively consistent with recent dynamic surface force apparatus results that drastically revise previous estimates of the slip length of water flowing past hydrophobic surfaces from microns to approximate to 20 nm. Our observations, therefore, go a long way toward reconciling three quite different types of experiments and phenomena: water depletion at hydrophobic surfaces, water slip at hydrophobic surfaces, and the hydrophobic interaction. C1 Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Chem Engn, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. RP Israelachvili, JN (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Manuel Lujan Jr Neutron Scattering Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM jacob@engineering.ucsb.edu; jarek@lanl.gov RI Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012 NR 44 TC 172 Z9 175 U1 7 U2 60 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JUL 5 PY 2005 VL 102 IS 27 BP 9458 EP 9462 DI 10.1073/pnas.0504034102 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 944DN UT WOS:000230406000006 PM 15976022 ER PT J AU Pacheco, JM Brum, MCS Moraes, MP Golde, WT Grubman, MJ AF Pacheco, JM Brum, MCS Moraes, MP Golde, WT Grubman, MJ TI Rapid protection of cattle from direct challenge with foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) by a single inoculation with an adenovirus-vectored FMDV subunit vaccine SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE foot-and-mouth disease virus; replication-defective human adenovirus; subunit vaccine ID EXPRESSING CAPSID PROTEINS; OUTBREAK; SWINE; CANDIDATE; LESSONS; TYPE-5; ALPHA AB We have previously demonstrated that swine vaccinated with one dose of a replication-defective human adenovirus type 5 (Ad5) vector containing the capsid and 3C proteinase coding regions of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) were protected when challenged 7 days later with homologous virus. In the current study, we have extended this approach to cattle, the most economically important animals susceptible to FMD, Five cattle were vaccinated with the Ad5-FMDV subunit vaccine and these animals and 2 co-housed control animals were challenged intradermolingually 7 days later. Both control animals developed typical signs of FMD including fever and vesicular lesions on all 4 feet. All 5 vaccinated animals were protected against disseminated disease. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 USDA ARS, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. Univ Connecticut, Dept Pathobiol & Vet Sci, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. Oak Ridge Inst Sci Educ, PIADC Res Participat Program, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Grubman, MJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, N Atlantic Area,POB 848, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. EM mgrubman@piadc.ars.usda.gov OI Pacheco, Juan/0000-0001-5477-0201 NR 25 TC 80 Z9 91 U1 1 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD JUL 5 PY 2005 VL 337 IS 2 BP 205 EP 209 DI 10.1016/j.virol.2005.04.014 PG 5 WC Virology SC Virology GA 940PB UT WOS:000230155300001 PM 15893355 ER PT J AU Jiang, WL Weber, WJ Wang, CM Young, JS Boatner, LA Lian, J Wang, LM Ewing, RC AF Jiang, WL Weber, WJ Wang, CM Young, JS Boatner, LA Lian, J Wang, LM Ewing, RC TI Cadmium nanowire formation induced by ion irradiation SO ADVANCED MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID NANOPARTICLES; SILICON; GROWTH; ARRAYS AB Crystalline Cd nanowires (see Figure) are synthesized by extrusion/pulling of a decomposed Cd2Nb2O7 single crystal, in which decomposition and phase separation are induced by He+ irradiation. During the formation, soft metallic Cd is extruded/pulled out as nanowires through pores in the exfoliated layer and the underlying substrate. The nanowire has a crystalline Cd core with a thin shell of CdO that formed upon exposure to air. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Jiang, WL (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999,MSIN K8-93, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM weilin.jiang@pnl.gov RI Lian, Jie/A-7839-2010; Weber, William/A-4177-2008; Boatner, Lynn/I-6428-2013; OI Weber, William/0000-0002-9017-7365; Boatner, Lynn/0000-0002-0235-7594; Jiang, Weilin/0000-0001-8302-8313 NR 30 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 12 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0935-9648 J9 ADV MATER JI Adv. Mater. PD JUL 4 PY 2005 VL 17 IS 13 BP 1602 EP + DI 10.1002/adma.200500118 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 943QF UT WOS:000230368300004 ER PT J AU Backhaus, S Swift, GW Reid, RS AF Backhaus, S Swift, GW Reid, RS TI High-temperature self-circulating thermoacoustic heat exchanger SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB Thermoacoustic and Stirling engines and refrigerators use heat exchangers to transfer heat between the oscillating flow of their thermodynamic working fluids and external heat sources and sinks. An acoustically driven heat-exchange loop uses an engine's own pressure oscillations to steadily circulate its own thermodynamic working fluid through a physically remote high-temperature heat source without using moving parts, allowing for a significant reduction in the cost and complexity of thermoacoustic and Stirling heat exchangers. The simplicity and flexibility of such heat-exchanger loops will allow thermoacoustic and Stirling machines to access diverse heat sources and sinks. Measurements of the temperatures at the interface between such a heat-exchange loop and the hot end of a thermoacoustic-Stirling engine are presented. When the steady flow is too small to flush out the mixing chamber in one acoustic cycle, the heat transfer to the regenerator is excellent, with important implications for practical use. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Backhaus, S (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM backhaus@lanl.gov RI Backhaus, Scott/F-4285-2012 NR 9 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUL 4 PY 2005 VL 87 IS 1 AR 014102 DI 10.1063/1.1988981 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 942JE UT WOS:000230277900062 ER PT J AU Kim, Y Park, J Rosocha, LA Teslow, HL Herrmann, HW AF Kim, Y Park, J Rosocha, LA Teslow, HL Herrmann, HW TI Measurements of dioxygen fluoride (O2F) in an atmospheric pressure plasma jet SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID KINETICS; HELIUM AB When etching tantalum with a coaxial-cylinder-type atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) in a He/CF4/O-2 gas mixture, we found that the etch rates vary little with the distance between the plasma region and the substrate. Etch rates decrease by less than a factor of 3 when the distance increases from 0.3 to 20.3 cm in a closed tube that carries the APPJ effluent. These results indicate that reactive species may last up to 40 ms in the effluent. Ultraviolet absorption spectroscopy was employed to measure possible reactive species, specifically dioxygen fluoride (O2F) and ozone (O-3), in a parallel-plate type APPJ. O2F was found to be a significantly long-lived species, lasting up to 10 ms in the effluent with a constant density of about 10(15) cm(-3). Using a measured O-3 density profile, the concentration of atomic fluorine (F) was estimated to be about 10(13) cm(-3), which is two orders of magnitude lower than that of O2F at a distance of 1 cm away from the APPJ exit. In summary, F atoms produced inside the APPJ combine with O-2 molecules, producing O2F molecules, which can live long enough to reach and possibly etch metal surfaces. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Plasma Phys Grp P24, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. APJeT Inc, Santa Fe, NM 87507 USA. RP Kim, Y (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Plasma Phys Grp P24, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM yhkim@lanl.gov NR 13 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUL 4 PY 2005 VL 87 IS 1 AR 011502 DI 10.1063/1.1968420 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 942JE UT WOS:000230277900013 ER PT J AU Richardson, BS Birdwell, JF Pin, FG Jansen, JF Lind, RF AF Richardson, BS Birdwell, JF Pin, FG Jansen, JF Lind, RF TI Sodium borohydride based hybrid power system SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE hydrogen generations; sodium borohydride; catalyst; fuel cell; hybrid power system ID METALLO BOROHYDRIDES; RU CATALYST; HYDROLYSIS; HYDROGEN; ION; GENERATOR; ALUMINUM; KINETICS; BORON AB Sodium borohydride's properties make it a good source of hydrogen for use with a fuel cell for an on-demand system that is easily controllable and has no idle costs. Previous work, as described in the literature, indicated that ruthenium (Ru) is an efficient catalyst for generating hydrogen from sodium borohydride. Tests were conducted to evaluate catalyst loading with the results of these tests indicating that the hydrolysis rate is affected by the loading of the catalyst. It was also apparent that the substrate surface is not completely occupied by Ru at the lower loadings, and that increased loadings are needed to optimize the reaction rate. A differential rate test with a fixed bed reactor was also conducted. It was observed that temperature has a significant effect on the rate of reaction. Feed rate also affected the rate of reaction with lower feed rates (longer residence time in the reactor) having higher reaction rates. A bench-top hybrid system was also developed and tested. This test bed demonstrated how a system based on a chemically generated hydrogen-fed proton exchange membrane fuel cell could be integrated with batteries to provide a hybrid power system that can meet the demands of a highly varying electrical load up to four times the rated output of the fuel cell. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Richardson, BS (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008,Bldg 7601,MS-6305, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM richardsonbs@ornl.gov; birdwelljfjr@ornl.gov; pinfg@ornl.gov; jansenjf@ornl.gov; lindrf@ornl.gov NR 24 TC 56 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD JUL 4 PY 2005 VL 145 IS 1 BP 21 EP 29 DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2004.12.057 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 941NT UT WOS:000230222200004 ER PT J AU Chekanov, S Derrick, M Magill, S Miglioranzi, S Musgrave, B Repond, J Yoshida, R Mattingly, MCK Pavel, N Molina, AGY Antonioli, P Bari, G Basile, M Bellagamba, L Boscherini, D Bruni, A Bruni, G Romeo, GC Cifarelli, L Cindolo, E Contin, A Corradi, M De Pasquale, S Giusti, P Iacobucci, G Margotti, A Montanari, A Nania, R Palmonari, F Pesci, A Polini, A Rinaldi, L Sartorelli, G Zichichi, A Aghuzumtsyan, G Bartsch, D Brock, I Goers, S Hartmann, H Hilger, E Irrgang, P Jakob, HP Kind, OM Meyer, U Paul, E Rautenberg, J Renner, R Voss, KC Wang, M Wlasenko, M Bailey, DS Brook, NH Cole, JE Heath, GP Namsoo, T Robins, S Capua, M Fazio, S Mastroberardino, A Schioppa, M Susinno, G Tassi, E Kim, JY Ma, KJ Helbich, M Ning, Y Ren, Z Schmidke, WB Sciulli, F Chwastowski, J Eskreys, A Figiel, J Galas, A Olkiewicz, K Stopa, P Szuba, D Zawiejski, L Adamczyk, L Bold, T Grabowska-Bold, I Kisielewska, D Kowal, AM Lukasik, J Przybycien, M Suszycki, L Szuba, J Kotanski, A Slominski, W Adler, V Behrens, U Bloch, I Borras, K Drews, G Fourletova, J Geiser, A Gladkov, D Gottlicher, P Gutsche, O Haas, T Hain, W Horn, C Kahle, B Kotz, U Kowalski, H Kramberger, G Lelas, D Lim, H Lohr, B Mankel, R Melzer-Pellmann, IA Nguyen, CN Notz, D Nuncio-Quiroz, AE Raval, A Santamarta, R Schneekloth, U Stadie, H Stosslein, U Wolf, G Youngman, C Zeuner, W Schlenstedt, S Barbagli, G Gallo, E Genta, C Pelfer, PG Bamberger, A Benen, A Karstens, F Dobur, D Vlasov, NN Bussey, PJ Doyle, AT Dunne, W Ferrando, J Hamilton, J Saxon, DH Skillicorn, OH Gialas, I Carli, T Gosau, T Holm, U Krumnack, N Lohrmann, E Milite, M Salehi, H Schleper, P Schorner-Sadenius, T Stonjek, S Wichmann, K Wick, K Ziegler, A Ziegler, A Collins-Tooth, C Foudas, C Fry, C Goncalo, R Long, KR Tapper, AD Kataoka, M Nagano, K Tokushuku, K Yamada, S Yamazaki, Y Barakbaev, AN Boos, EG Pokrovskiy, NS Zhautykov, BO Son, D de Favereau, J Piotrzkowski, K Barreiro, F Glasman, C Jimenez, M Labarga, L del Peso, J Terron, J Zambrana, M Corriveau, F Liu, C Plamondon, M Robichaud-Veronneau, A Walsh, R Zhou, C Tsurugai, T Antonov, A Dolgoshein, BA Rubinsky, I Sosnovtsev, V Stifutkin, A Suchkov, S Dementiev, RK Ermolov, PF Gladilin, LK Katkov, II Khein, LA Korzhavina, IA Kuzmin, VA Levchenko, BB Lukina, OY Proskuryakov, AS Shcheglova, LM Zotkin, DS Zotkin, SA Abt, I Buttner, C Caldwell, A Liu, X Sutiak, J Coppola, N Grigorescu, G Keramidas, A Koffeman, E Kooijman, P Maddox, E Tiecke, H Vazquez, M Wiggers, L Brummer, N Bylsma, B Durkin, LS Ling, T Allfrey, PD Bell, MA Cooper-Sarkar, AM Cottrell, A Devenish, RCE Foster, B Grzelak, G Gwenlan, C Kohno, T Patel, S Straub, PB Walczak, R Bellan, P Bertolin, A Brugnera, R Carlin, R Ciesielski, R Dal Corso, F Dusini, S Garfagnini, A Limentani, S Longhin, A Stanco, L Turcato, M Heaphy, EA Metlica, F Oh, BY Whitmore, JJ Iga, Y D'Agostini, G Marini, G Nigro, A Hart, JC Abramowicz, H Gabareen, A Kananov, S Kreisel, A Levy, A Kuze, M Kagawa, S Tawara, T Hamatsu, R Kaji, H Kitamura, S Matsuzawa, K Ota, O Ri, YD Costa, M Ferrero, MI Monaco, V Sacchi, R Solano, A Arneodo, M Ruspa, M Fourletov, S Martin, JF Butterworth, JM Hall-Wilton, R Jones, TW Loizides, JH Sutton, MR Targett-Adams, C Wing, M Ciborowski, J Kulinski, P Luzniak, P Malka, J Nowak, RJ Pawlak, JM Sztuk, J Tymieniecka, T Tyszkiewicz, A Ukleja, A Ukleja, J Zarnecki, AF Adamus, M Plucinski, P Eisenberg, Y Hochman, D Karshon, U Lightwood, MS Brownson, E Danielson, T Everett, A Kcira, D Lammers, S Li, L Reeder, DD Rosin, M Ryan, P Savin, AA Smith, WH Dhawan, S Bhadra, S Catterall, CD Cui, Y Hartner, G Menary, S Noor, U Soares, M Standage, J Whyte, J AF Chekanov, S Derrick, M Magill, S Miglioranzi, S Musgrave, B Repond, J Yoshida, R Mattingly, MCK Pavel, N Molina, AGY Antonioli, P Bari, G Basile, M Bellagamba, L Boscherini, D Bruni, A Bruni, G Romeo, GC Cifarelli, L Cindolo, E Contin, A Corradi, M De Pasquale, S Giusti, P Iacobucci, G Margotti, A Montanari, A Nania, R Palmonari, F Pesci, A Polini, A Rinaldi, L Sartorelli, G Zichichi, A Aghuzumtsyan, G Bartsch, D Brock, I Goers, S Hartmann, H Hilger, E Irrgang, P Jakob, HP Kind, OM Meyer, U Paul, E Rautenberg, J Renner, R Voss, KC Wang, M Wlasenko, M Bailey, DS Brook, NH Cole, JE Heath, GP Namsoo, T Robins, S Capua, M Fazio, S Mastroberardino, A Schioppa, M Susinno, G Tassi, E Kim, JY Ma, KJ Helbich, M Ning, Y Ren, Z Schmidke, WB Sciulli, F Chwastowski, J Eskreys, A Figiel, J Galas, A Olkiewicz, K Stopa, P Szuba, D Zawiejski, L Adamczyk, L Bold, T Grabowska-Bold, I Kisielewska, D Kowal, AM Lukasik, J Przybycien, M Suszycki, L Szuba, J Kotanski, A Slominski, W Adler, V Behrens, U Bloch, I Borras, K Drews, G Fourletova, J Geiser, A Gladkov, D Gottlicher, P Gutsche, O Haas, T Hain, W Horn, C Kahle, B Kotz, U Kowalski, H Kramberger, G Lelas, D Lim, H Lohr, B Mankel, R Melzer-Pellmann, IA Nguyen, CN Notz, D Nuncio-Quiroz, AE Raval, A Santamarta, R Schneekloth, U Stadie, H Stosslein, U Wolf, G Youngman, C Zeuner, W Schlenstedt, S Barbagli, G Gallo, E Genta, C Pelfer, PG Bamberger, A Benen, A Karstens, F Dobur, D Vlasov, NN Bussey, PJ Doyle, AT Dunne, W Ferrando, J Hamilton, J Saxon, DH Skillicorn, OH Gialas, I Carli, T Gosau, T Holm, U Krumnack, N Lohrmann, E Milite, M Salehi, H Schleper, P Schorner-Sadenius, T Stonjek, S Wichmann, K Wick, K Ziegler, A Ziegler, A Collins-Tooth, C Foudas, C Fry, C Goncalo, R Long, KR Tapper, AD Kataoka, M Nagano, K Tokushuku, K Yamada, S Yamazaki, Y Barakbaev, AN Boos, EG Pokrovskiy, NS Zhautykov, BO Son, D de Favereau, J Piotrzkowski, K Barreiro, F Glasman, C Jimenez, M Labarga, L del Peso, J Terron, J Zambrana, M Corriveau, F Liu, C Plamondon, M Robichaud-Veronneau, A Walsh, R Zhou, C Tsurugai, T Antonov, A Dolgoshein, BA Rubinsky, I Sosnovtsev, V Stifutkin, A Suchkov, S Dementiev, RK Ermolov, PF Gladilin, LK Katkov, II Khein, LA Korzhavina, IA Kuzmin, VA Levchenko, BB Lukina, OY Proskuryakov, AS Shcheglova, LM Zotkin, DS Zotkin, SA Abt, I Buttner, C Caldwell, A Liu, X Sutiak, J Coppola, N Grigorescu, G Keramidas, A Koffeman, E Kooijman, P Maddox, E Tiecke, H Vazquez, M Wiggers, L Brummer, N Bylsma, B Durkin, LS Ling, T Allfrey, PD Bell, MA Cooper-Sarkar, AM Cottrell, A Devenish, RCE Foster, B Grzelak, G Gwenlan, C Kohno, T Patel, S Straub, PB Walczak, R Bellan, P Bertolin, A Brugnera, R Carlin, R Ciesielski, R Dal Corso, F Dusini, S Garfagnini, A Limentani, S Longhin, A Stanco, L Turcato, M Heaphy, EA Metlica, F Oh, BY Whitmore, JJ Iga, Y D'Agostini, G Marini, G Nigro, A Hart, JC Abramowicz, H Gabareen, A Kananov, S Kreisel, A Levy, A Kuze, M Kagawa, S Tawara, T Hamatsu, R Kaji, H Kitamura, S Matsuzawa, K Ota, O Ri, YD Costa, M Ferrero, MI Monaco, V Sacchi, R Solano, A Arneodo, M Ruspa, M Fourletov, S Martin, JF Butterworth, JM Hall-Wilton, R Jones, TW Loizides, JH Sutton, MR Targett-Adams, C Wing, M Ciborowski, J Kulinski, P Luzniak, P Malka, J Nowak, RJ Pawlak, JM Sztuk, J Tymieniecka, T Tyszkiewicz, A Ukleja, A Ukleja, J Zarnecki, AF Adamus, M Plucinski, P Eisenberg, Y Hochman, D Karshon, U Lightwood, MS Brownson, E Danielson, T Everett, A Kcira, D Lammers, S Li, L Reeder, DD Rosin, M Ryan, P Savin, AA Smith, WH Dhawan, S Bhadra, S Catterall, CD Cui, Y Hartner, G Menary, S Noor, U Soares, M Standage, J Whyte, J CA ZEUS Collaboration TI Exclusive electroproduction of phi mesons at HERA SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article ID INELASTIC E(+)P SCATTERING; CENTRAL TRACKING DETECTOR; ZEUS BARREL CALORIMETER; J/PSI MESONS; ELASTIC ELECTROPRODUCTION; VECTOR-MESONS; PHOTOPRODUCTION; DEEP; CONSTRUCTION; DESIGN AB Exclusive electroproduction of phi mesons has been studied in e (+/-) p collisions at root s = 318 GeV with the ZEUS detector at HERA using an integrated luminosity of 65.1 pb(-l). The gamma*p crosssection is presented in the kinematic range 2 GeV2 < Q(2) < 70 GeV2, 35 GeV < W < 145 GeV and vertical bar t vertical bar < 0.6 GeV2. The cross sections as functions of Q(2), W, t and helicity angle phi(h) are compared to cross sections for other vector mesons. The ratios R of the cross sections for longitudinally and transversely polarized virtual photons are presented as functions of Q2 and W. The data are also compared to predictions from theoretical models. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Andrews Univ, Berrien Springs, MI 49104 USA. Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, Berlin, Germany. Univ Bologna, Bologna, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, D-5300 Bonn, Germany. Univ Bristol, HH Wills Phys Lab, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. Univ Calabria, Dept Phys, I-87036 Cosenza, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-87036 Cosenza, Italy. Chonnam Natl Univ, Kwangju 500757, South Korea. Columbia Univ, Nevis Labs, New York, NY 10027 USA. Inst Nucl Phys, Krakow, Poland. AGHAGH Univ Sci & Technol, Fac Phys & Appl Comp Sci, Krakow, Poland. Jagiellonian Univ, Dept Phys, Krakow, Poland. DESY, D-2000 Hamburg, Germany. DESY, Zeuthen, Germany. Univ Florence, Florence, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-50125 Florence, Italy. Univ Freiburg, Fak Phys, D-7800 Freiburg, Germany. Univ Glasgow, Dept Phys & Astron, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland. Univ Aegean, Dept Engn Management & Finance, Mitilini, Greece. Univ Hamburg, Inst Phys Expt, Hamburg, Germany. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, High Energy Nucl Phys Grp, London, England. Natl Lab High Energy Phys, KEK, Inst Particle & Nucl Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Minist Educ & Sci Kazakhstan, Inst Phys & Technol, Almaaty, Kazakhstan. Kyungpook Natl Univ, Ctr High Energy Phys, Taegu, South Korea. Catholic Univ Louvain, Inst Nucl Phys, B-1348 Louvain, Belgium. Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Fis Teor, Madrid, Spain. McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Meiji Gakuin Univ, Fac Gen Educ, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan. Moscow Phys Engn Inst, Moscow, Russia. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Inst Nucl Phys, Moscow, Russia. Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. NIKHEF, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford, England. Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis, Padua, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Padua, Italy. Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Polytech Univ, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. Tel Aviv Univ, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Fac Exact Sci, Sch Phys, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Tokyo 152, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Tokyo 113, Japan. Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Dept Phys, Tokyo 158, Japan. Univ Turin, Turin, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Univ Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy. Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London, England. Warsaw Univ, Inst Expt Phys, Warsaw, Poland. Inst Nucl Studies, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Particle Phys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. York Univ, Dept Phys, N York, ON M3J 1P3, Canada. RP Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM yoshida@mail.desy.de RI dusini, stefano/J-3686-2012; Goncalo, Ricardo/M-3153-2016; Li, Liang/O-1107-2015; Doyle, Anthony/C-5889-2009; Capua, Marcella/A-8549-2015; Gladilin, Leonid/B-5226-2011; Suchkov, Sergey/M-6671-2015; De Pasquale, Salvatore/B-9165-2008; Wing, Matthew/C-2169-2008; Fazio, Salvatore /G-5156-2010; collins-tooth, christopher/A-9201-2012; Ferrando, James/A-9192-2012; Levchenko, B./D-9752-2012; Proskuryakov, Alexander/J-6166-2012; Dementiev, Roman/K-7201-2012; Wiggers, Leo/B-5218-2015; Tassi, Enrico/K-3958-2015 OI dusini, stefano/0000-0002-1128-0664; Goncalo, Ricardo/0000-0002-3826-3442; Li, Liang/0000-0001-6411-6107; Doyle, Anthony/0000-0001-6322-6195; Capua, Marcella/0000-0002-2443-6525; Arneodo, Michele/0000-0002-7790-7132; Chwastowski, Janusz/0000-0002-6190-8376; Gutsche, Oliver/0000-0002-8015-9622; Gladilin, Leonid/0000-0001-9422-8636; De Pasquale, Salvatore/0000-0001-9236-0748; Ferrando, James/0000-0002-1007-7816; Wiggers, Leo/0000-0003-1060-0520; NR 59 TC 63 Z9 63 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 EI 1873-1562 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD JUL 4 PY 2005 VL 718 IS 1-2 BP 3 EP 31 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2005.04.009 PG 29 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 939ND UT WOS:000230078800001 ER PT J AU Yakelis, NA Bergman, RG AF Yakelis, NA Bergman, RG TI Safe preparation and purification of sodium tetrakis[(3,5-trifluoromethyl)phenyllborate (NaBArF24): Reliable and sensitive analysis of water in solutions of fluorinated tetraarylborates SO ORGANOMETALLICS LA English DT Article ID H BOND ACTIVATION; COMPLEXES; IRIDIUM; POLYMERIZATION; CATALYSIS; EFFICIENT; REAGENT; DERIVATIVES; REACTIVITY; MECHANISM AB A safe, convenient preparation of the reagent sodium tetrakis[(3,5-trifluoromethyl)phenyl]borate (NaBArF24) has been devised by utilizing a magnesium-bromine exchange reaction in the absence of metallic magnesium. Purified material was then rigorously dried over P2O5 (NaBArF24 with < 500 ppm H2O by mass) or recrystallized as a hydrate (NaBArF(24)center dot(2.6 +/- 0.1)H2O). Accurate analysis of the water content of these samples by H-1 NMR was accomplished by using dimethylzirconocene (Cp2Zr(CH3)(2)). C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Bergman, RG (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM rbergman@berkeley.edu FU NIGMS NIH HHS [F32 GM066582, F32 GM066582-02S1] NR 33 TC 153 Z9 154 U1 2 U2 23 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0276-7333 J9 ORGANOMETALLICS JI Organometallics PD JUL 4 PY 2005 VL 24 IS 14 BP 3579 EP 3581 DI 10.1021/om0501428 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 940LG UT WOS:000230145400032 PM 19079785 ER PT J AU Reichhardt, C Reichhardt, CJO Hastings, MB AF Reichhardt, C Reichhardt, CJO Hastings, MB TI Glassy ratchets for collectively interacting particles SO PHYSICS LETTERS A LA English DT Article DE ratchet; colloid; collective interactions ID BROWNIAN MOTORS; TRANSPORT; SUPERCONDUCTORS; SYSTEMS; MOTION AB We show that ratchet effects can occur in a glassy media of interacting particles where there is no quenched substrate. We consider simulations of a disordered binary assembly of colloids in which only one species responds to a drive. We apply an asymmetric ac drive that would produce no net dc drift of an isolated overdamped particle. When interacting particles are present, the asymmetric ac drive produces a ratchet effect. A simple model captures many of the results from simulations, including flux reversals as a function of density and temperature. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Reichhardt, CJO (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM cjrx@lanl.gov NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9601 J9 PHYS LETT A JI Phys. Lett. A PD JUL 4 PY 2005 VL 342 IS 1-2 BP 162 EP 167 DI 10.1016/j.physleta.2005.05.031 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 941XS UT WOS:000230248100021 ER PT J AU Birn, J AF Birn, J TI Three-dimensional magnetotail equilibria with prescribed boundary shapes SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID GEOMAGNETIC TAIL; MAGNETIC-FIELD; PLASMA SHEET; MAGNETOSPHERE; GEOMETRY; FLOW AB [1] Three-dimensional magnetotail equilibrium configurations are presented that are derived from a prescribed outer flux surface, equivalent to a closed magnetopause. The explicit solutions neglect the effects of field-aligned currents, closely associated with a bending of field lines in the x, y plane, but include tail flaring in y and z. Most of the solutions are derived for an axisymmetric boundary, approximately consistent with force balance between the unperturbed solar wind and the magnetosphere at a closed magnetopause (Newtonian approximation). This force balance is used to relate the downtail variation of the tail radius to that of the total interior magnetotail pressure, equivalent to the lobe magnetic pressure. However, these properties are not sufficient to determine the tail configuration. We demonstrate this by deriving solutions with identical boundaries and identical variation of the total pressure along the tail but different amounts of field line flaring in the x, y plane. Under these conditions, stronger field line flaring is associated with a reduction of the magnetotail plasma pressure near midnight and an increase of the plasma sheet thickness from midnight toward the tail flanks. A reduction of the tail boundary flaring leads to an increase of the plasma sheet thickness near the Earth but does not significantly affect the cross-tail variation. Nonuniform boundary flaring with a flattening of the tail, corresponding to a more significant increase of the tail radius in y, can reduce the plasma sheet thickening from midnight to the tail flanks or even reverse it to a thinning. The explicit solutions illustrate the effects on the tail structure of both the instantaneous force balance between the magnetosphere and the solar wind and the history of this interaction, which affects the plasma and magnetic flux distribution inside the magnetotail. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Birn, J (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS D466, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM jbirn@lanl.gov NR 20 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD JUL 2 PY 2005 VL 110 IS A7 AR A07203 DI 10.1029/2004JA010869 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 945DW UT WOS:000230483100005 ER PT J AU Cheng, CC Russell, CT Reeves, GD Connors, M Moldwin, MB AF Cheng, CC Russell, CT Reeves, GD Connors, M Moldwin, MB TI On the relationships between double-onset substorm, pseudobreakup, and IMF variation: The 4 September 1999 event SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PI2 PULSATIONS; NORTHWARD TURNINGS; CONSECUTIVE BURSTS; MAGNETIC-FIELD; PROPAGATION; MAGNETOTAIL AB [1] The relationships between double-onset substorm, pseudobreakup, and IMF variation were investigated with magnetic, auroral, and particle observations from space to the ground during 0200 - 0600 UT on 4 September 1999. There were five consecutive bursts of Pi2 pulsations on the ground during the time of interest. The onset time of ground Pi2s maps to the same variation sequence in the IMF structure seen propagating to the Earth in multiple satellite observations in the upstream region. The comparison of auroral and energetic particle data with IMF observations shows that a sequence of two double-onset substorms intervened by a pseudobreakup appears in two distinct cycles of southward IMF followed by a northward interval. For the first substorm, the first onset begins when the By magnitude declines after the IMF turns southward for about 90 min, and the second onset occurs after northward turning of the IMF accompanied by an increasing By magnitude. The pseudobreakup appears while the IMF turns southward and the By magnitude slightly decreases. For the second substorm, the first onset commences while the IMF remains southward with a steady By magnitude, and the second onset occurs after the IMF becomes strongly northward and the By magnitude decreases instead. These observations can be explained with the two-neutral-point model. The first onset occurs when the IMF turns southward. Reconnection at the near-Earth neutral point first begins on closed field lines within the plasma sheet, and the second onset occurs when the IMF turns northward and reconnection at the distant neutral point ceases and reconnection at the near-Earth neutral point may reach the open flux of the tail lobes. In addition, a decrease in the By magnitude may help reduce magnetotail convection and release all the built-up flux to allow the onset to commence after northward turning of the IMF. If the IMF remains southward, the reduction of magnetotail convection due to a decreasing By would lead to a pseudobreakup instead. In contrast, an increasing By magnitude would increase magnetotail convection and weaken magnetospheric substorm after the IMF turns northward. Consequently, for the occurrence of double-onset substorms and pseudobreakups, not only the first onset begins spontaneously during steady southward IMF and the second onset appears after northward turning of the IMF but the By change also affects magnetotail convection which may evoke ( or abate) the substorm-related activation while the IMF turns southward ( or northward). C1 Natl Formosa Univ, Fac Phys, Huwei 63201, Taiwan. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Athabasca Univ, Ctr Sci, Athabasca, AB T9S 3A3, Canada. RP Cheng, CC (reprint author), Natl Formosa Univ, Fac Phys, Huwei 63201, Taiwan. EM cccheng@nfu.edu.tw RI Moldwin, Mark/F-8785-2011; Reeves, Geoffrey/E-8101-2011 OI Moldwin, Mark/0000-0003-0954-1770; Reeves, Geoffrey/0000-0002-7985-8098 NR 26 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD JUL 2 PY 2005 VL 110 IS A7 AR A07201 DI 10.1029/2004JA010778 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 945DW UT WOS:000230483100003 ER PT J AU Kapanidis, AN Laurence, TA Lee, NK Margeat, E Kong, XX Weiss, S AF Kapanidis, AN Laurence, TA Lee, NK Margeat, E Kong, XX Weiss, S TI Alternating-laser excitation of single molecules SO ACCOUNTS OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Review ID RESONANCE ENERGY-TRANSFER; FLUORESCENCE SPECTROSCOPY; CONFORMATIONAL DYNAMICS; RNA-POLYMERASE; DNA-MOLECULES; BIOMOLECULES; MICROSCOPY; COMPLEX; CELLS AB Single-molecule fluorescence spectroscopy addresses biological mechanisms and enables ultrasensitive diagnostics. We describe a new family of single-molecule fluorescence methods that uses alternating-laser excitation (ALEX) of diffusing or immobilized biomolecules to study their structure, interactions, and dynamics. This is accomplished using ratios that report on the distance between and the smichiometry of fluorophores attached to the molecules of interest. The principle of alternation is compatible with several time scales, allowing monitoring of fast dynamics or simultaneous monitoring of a large number of individual molecules. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Chem & Biochem, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Physiol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phy Biosci Inst, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Kapanidis, AN (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Chem & Biochem, 607 Charles E Young Dr E, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM a.kapanidis1@physics.ox.ac.uk; laurence2@llnl.gov; sweiss@chem.ucla.edu RI Laurence, Ted/E-4791-2011; Lee, Nam/C-9477-2013; weiss, shimon/B-4164-2009 OI Laurence, Ted/0000-0003-1474-779X; weiss, shimon/0000-0002-0720-5426 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [R01 GM065382-01, GM65382:01] NR 42 TC 149 Z9 152 U1 3 U2 39 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0001-4842 J9 ACCOUNTS CHEM RES JI Accounts Chem. Res. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 38 IS 7 BP 523 EP 533 DI 10.1021/ar0401348 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 948AI UT WOS:000230688000004 PM 16028886 ER PT J AU Lu, HP AF Lu, HP TI Probing single-molecule protein conformational dynamics SO ACCOUNTS OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Review ID ION CHANNELS; T4 LYSOZYME; FLUORESCENCE SPECTROSCOPY; GRAMICIDIN CHANNELS; LIVING CELLS; ENZYMATIC DYNAMICS; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; CA2+ CHANNELS; MICROSCOPY; DISORDER AB Protein conformational fluctuations and dynamics, often complex and associated with inhomogeneities, play a crucial role in biomolecular functions. It is extremely difficult to characterize such inhomogeneous dynamics in an ensemble-averaged measurement, especially when the proteins are involved in multiple-step, multiple-conformation complex chemical interactions and transformations, such as in enzymatic reactions, protein-protein interactions, and ion-channel membrane protein processes. Alternatively, single-molecule spectroscopy is a powerful approach to probing and analyzing protein conformational dynamics in real time. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental Sci Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Lu, HP (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental Sci Div, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM peter.lu@pnl.gov NR 50 TC 66 Z9 68 U1 1 U2 19 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0001-4842 J9 ACCOUNTS CHEM RES JI Accounts Chem. Res. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 38 IS 7 BP 557 EP 565 DI 10.1021/ar0401451 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 948AI UT WOS:000230688000008 PM 16028890 ER PT J AU Carey, SA Harries, KA AF Carey, SA Harries, KA TI Axial behavior and modeling of confined small-, medium-, and large-scale circular sections with carbon fiber-reinforced polymer jackets SO ACI STRUCTURAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE column; compression; confined concrete; dilation; Poisson's ratio; test ID CONCRETE COLUMNS AB The axial stress-strain behaviors of unconfined and confined concrete differ significantly. Confined concrete shows improved compressive strength and axial strain capacity over unconfined concrete. Traditional models of confined concrete assume constant confining pressure. While these models may work well in predicting behavior of columns confined by a material behaving in a plastic manner, they do not accurately predict behavior by concrete confined by fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composite jackets, which are elastic to failure. An experimental program involving axial load tests of small-, medium-, and large-scale circular concrete specimens is presented to identify scale effects in the axial behavior of confined concrete. At the relatively high level of confinement provided, a scale effect is not observed as similar results were observed regardless of column size. Appropriate parameters for modeling confined concrete are presented and recommendations for the modeling and design of axially-loaded confined concrete are proposed. C1 Bechtel Savannah River Inc, Aiken, SC USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Civil Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RP Carey, SA (reprint author), Bechtel Savannah River Inc, Savannah River Site, Aiken, SC USA. OI Harries, Kent/0000-0002-8421-2523 NR 27 TC 55 Z9 58 U1 9 U2 15 PU AMER CONCRETE INST PI FARMINGTON HILLS PA 38800 INTERNATIONAL WAY, COUNTRY CLUB DRIVE, PO BOX 9094, FARMINGTON HILLS, MI 48333-9094 USA SN 0889-3241 J9 ACI STRUCT J JI ACI Struct. J. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 102 IS 4 BP 596 EP 604 PG 9 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering; Materials Science GA 936WS UT WOS:000229886800011 ER PT J AU Yoon, SE Lindstrom, P Pascucci, V Manocha, D AF Yoon, SE Lindstrom, P Pascucci, V Manocha, D TI Cache-oblivious mesh layouts SO ACM TRANSACTIONS ON GRAPHICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT ACM SIGGRAPH 2005 Conference CY JUL 31-AUG 04, 2005 CL Los Angeles, CA SP ACM SIGGRAPH AB We present a novel method for computing cache-oblivious layouts of large meshes that improve the performance of interactive visualization and geometric processing algorithms. Given that the mesh is accessed in a reasonably coherent manner, we assume no particular data access patterns or cache parameters of the memory hierarchy involved in the computation. Furthermore, our formulation extends directly to computing layouts of multi-resolution and bounding volume hierarchies of large meshes. We develop a simple and practical cache-oblivious metric for estimating cache misses. Computing a coherent mesh layout is reduced to a combinatorial optimization problem. We designed and implemented an out-of-core multilevel minimization algorithm and tested its performance on unstructured meshes composed of tens to hundreds of millions of triangles. Our layouts can significantly reduce the number of cache misses. We have observed 2-20 times speedups in view-dependent rendering, collision detection, and isocontour extraction without any modification of the algorithms or runtime applications. C1 Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RI Yoon, Sung-eui/C-1678-2011; OI Manocha, Dinesh/0000-0001-7047-9801; Lindstrom, Peter/0000-0003-3817-4199 NR 36 TC 31 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 3 PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY PI NEW YORK PA 2 PENN PLAZA, STE 701, NEW YORK, NY 10121-0701 USA SN 0730-0301 EI 1557-7368 J9 ACM T GRAPHIC JI ACM Trans. Graph. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 24 IS 3 BP 886 EP 893 DI 10.1145/1073204.1073278 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA 955KB UT WOS:000231223700062 ER PT J AU Afonine, PV Grosse-Kunstleve, RW Adams, PD AF Afonine, PV Grosse-Kunstleve, RW Adams, PD TI A robust bulk-solvent correction and anisotropic scaling procedure SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION D-BIOLOGICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID PROTEIN DATA-BANK; LOW-RESOLUTION; MOLECULAR-REPLACEMENT; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; MACROMOLECULAR STRUCTURES; REFINEMENT; PHASES; DIFFRACTION; MODEL; CRYSTALLOGRAPHY AB A reliable method for the determination of bulk-solvent model parameters and an overall anisotropic scale factor is of increasing importance as structure determination becomes more automated. Current protocols require the manual inspection of refinement results in order to detect errors in the calculation of these parameters. Here, a robust method for determining bulk-solvent and anisotropic scaling parameters in macromolecular refinement is described. The implementation of a maximum-likelihood target function for determining the same parameters is also discussed. The formulas and corresponding derivatives of the likelihood function with respect to the solvent parameters and the components of anisotropic scale matrix are presented. These algorithms are implemented in the CCTBX bulk-solvent correction and scaling module. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Afonine, PV (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,Bldg 64R0121, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM pafonine@lbl.gov RI Adams, Paul/A-1977-2013 OI Adams, Paul/0000-0001-9333-8219 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [1P01GM063210, P01 GM063210] NR 37 TC 125 Z9 125 U1 0 U2 5 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0907-4449 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR D JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. D-Biol. Crystallogr. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 61 BP 850 EP 855 DI 10.1107/S0907444905007894 PN 7 PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography GA 939ZL UT WOS:000230113000002 PM 15983406 ER PT J AU Dauter, Z Botos, I LaRonde-Leblanc, N Wlodawer, A AF Dauter, Z Botos, I LaRonde-Leblanc, N Wlodawer, A TI Pathological crystallography: case studies of several unusual macromolecular crystals SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION D-BIOLOGICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID RAY-DIFFRACTION DATA; X-RAY; MOLECULAR REPLACEMENT; STRUCTURAL GENOMICS; REFINEMENT; SYMMETRY; COLLECTION; SYSTEM; MAD AB Although macromolecular crystallography is rapidly becoming largely routine owing to advances in methods of data collection, structure solution and refinement, difficult cases are still common. To remind structural biologists about the kinds of crystallographic difficulties that might be encountered, case studies of several successfully completed structure determinations that utilized less than perfect crystals are discussed here. The structure of the proteolytic domain of Archaeoglobus fulgidus Lon was solved with crystals that contained superimposed orthorhombic and monoclinic lattices, a case not previously described for proteins. Another hexagonal crystal form of this protein exhibited an unusually high degree of non-isomorphism. Crystals of A. fulgidus Rio1 kinase exhibited both pseudosymmetry and twinning. Ways of identifying the observed phenomena and approaches to solving and refining macromolecular structures when only less than perfect crystals are available are discussed here. C1 NCI, Prot Struct Sect, Macromol Crystallog Lab, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. NCI, Synchrotron Radiat Res Sect, Macromol Crystallog Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Wlodawer, A (reprint author), NCI, Prot Struct Sect, Macromol Crystallog Lab, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. EM wlodawer@ncifcrf.gov RI LaRonde-LeBlanc, Nicole/C-3399-2009 OI LaRonde-LeBlanc, Nicole/0000-0002-2778-8358 NR 39 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0907-4449 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR D JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. D-Biol. Crystallogr. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 61 BP 967 EP 975 DI 10.1107/S0907444905011285 PN 7 PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography GA 939ZL UT WOS:000230113000016 PM 15983420 ER PT J AU Rodriguez, MA Andrews, NL Boyle, TJ Frazer, CS AF Rodriguez, MA Andrews, NL Boyle, TJ Frazer, CS TI N-methylimidazolidinetrione SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION E-STRUCTURE REPORTS ONLINE LA English DT Article ID CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE AB In the crystal structure of the title compound, C4H4N2O3, the packing is dominated by intermolecular carbonyl-carbonyl interactions and N - H..... O hydrogen bonds. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Adv Mat Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. EM marodri@sandia.gov NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1600-5368 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR E JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. E.-Struct Rep. Online PD JUL PY 2005 VL 61 BP O2288 EP O2290 DI 10.1107/S1600536805019690 PN 7 PG 3 WC Crystallography SC Crystallography GA 940TK UT WOS:000230167400200 ER PT J AU Oganesyan, V Huang, C Adams, PD Jancarik, J Yokota, HA Kim, R Kim, SH AF Oganesyan, V Huang, C Adams, PD Jancarik, J Yokota, HA Kim, R Kim, SH TI Structure of a NAD kinase from Thermotoga maritima at 2.3 angstrom resolution SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION F-STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY AND CRYSTALLIZATION COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID ADENINE DINUCLEOTIDE KINASE; ELECTRON-DENSITY MAPS; MACROMOLECULAR STRUCTURES; AZOTOBACTER VINELANDII; PROTEIN; ENZYME; MOLSCRIPT; OVEREXPRESSION; INACTIVATION; PURIFICATION AB NAD kinase is the only known enzyme that catalyzes the formation of NADP, a coenzyme involved in most anabolic reactions and in the antioxidant defense system. Despite its importance, very little is known regarding the mechanism of catalysis and only recently have several NAD kinase structures been deposited in the PDB. Here, an independent investigation of the crystal structure of inorganic polyphosphate/ATP-NAD kinase, PPNK_THEMA, a protein from Thermotoga maritima, is reported at a resolution of 2.3 angstrom. The crystal structure was solved using single-wavelength anomalous diffraction ( SAD) data collected at the Se absorption-peak wavelength in a state in which no cofactors or substrates were bound. It revealed that the 258-amino-acid protein is folded into two distinct domains, similar to recently reported NAD kinases. The N-terminal alpha/beta-domain spans the first 100 amino acids and the last 30 amino acids of the polypeptide and has several topological matches in the PDB, whereas the other domain, which spans the middle 130 residues, adopts a unique beta-sandwich architecture and only appreciably matches the recently deposited PDB structures of NAD kinases. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley Struct Genom Ctr, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Kim, SH (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley Struct Genom Ctr, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM shkim@lbl.gov RI Adams, Paul/A-1977-2013 OI Adams, Paul/0000-0001-9333-8219 FU PHS HHS [62412] NR 38 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1744-3091 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR F JI Acta Crystallogr. F-Struct. Biol. Cryst. Commun. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 61 BP 640 EP 646 DI 10.1107/S1744309105019780 PN 7 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography GA 970OV UT WOS:000232320400005 PM 16511117 ER PT J AU Ugurlu, O Chumbley, LS Schlagel, DL Lograsso, TA AF Ugurlu, O Chumbley, LS Schlagel, DL Lograsso, TA TI Characterization of an atypical Widmanstatten structure in Gd5Si2Ge2 alloys SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE scanning electron microscopy; transmission electron microscopy; rare earth; precipitation; Widmanstatten ID RARE EARTH-GERMANIUM; PHASE-RELATIONSHIPS; SILICON COMPOUNDS; GD5SI4-GD5GE4; GD-5(SI2GE2); SYSTEM AB Bulk microstructures of Gd5Si2Ge2 alloys have been examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The microstructure of all samples showed existence of long linear features. The features in general are on the order of one micron or less in width and may be hundreds of microns in length. Oriented single crystals of Gd5Si2Ge2 have been used to study the crystal orientation of the linear features by using a combination of back-reflection Laue X-ray diffraction, SEM and TEM. It has been shown that these linear features grow as thin plates oriented in specific directions. Systematic energy dispersive spectrometry and selected area diffraction studies revealed that these thin plates have an hexagonal crystal structure and a composition consistent with Gd-5(SixGe1-x)(3). These results present the first conclusive identification of this phase and confirm an earlier study that suggested the features might possibly be a Widmanstatten structure that forms during the solidification. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Acta Materialia Inc.c. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Ugurlu, O (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM ozan@iastate.edu NR 18 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 53 IS 12 BP 3525 EP 3533 DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2005.04.009 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 942EB UT WOS:000230264600020 ER PT J AU Yoshida, R AF Yoshida, R TI Pentaquark searches at ZEUS SO ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Cracow Epiphany Conference on Hadron Spectroscopy CY JAN 06-08, 2005 CL Cracow, POLAND SP H Niewodnicaanski Nucl Phys, Jagellonian Uninv, M Smoluchowski Inst Phys, Polish Acad Sci, Polish Acad Arts & Sci, Univ Sci & Technol ID DEEP-INELASTIC SCATTERING; HERA AB The current status of pentaquark searches at the ZEUS experiment at HERA is summarised. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Yoshida, R (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA B, JAGELLONIAN UNIV, INST PHYSICS PI KRAKOW PA REYMONTA 4, 30-059 KRAKOW, POLAND SN 0587-4254 J9 ACTA PHYS POL B JI Acta Phys. Pol. B PD JUL PY 2005 VL 36 IS 7 BP 2201 EP 2211 PG 11 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 946FH UT WOS:000230557300005 ER PT J AU Mehen, T AF Mehen, T TI Excited D-s (and pentaquarks) in chiral perturbation theory SO ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Cracow Epiphany Conference on Hadron Spectroscopy CY JAN 06-08, 2005 CL Cracow, POLAND SP H Niewodnicaanski Nucl Phys, Jagellonian Uninv, M Smoluchowski Inst Phys, Polish Acad Sci, Polish Acad Arts & Sci, AGH, Univ Sci & Technol ID HEAVY-QUARK SYMMETRY; STRONG DECAYS; MESONS; STATES; RESONANCE; DYNAMICS; THETA(+); PARITY; SCALAR; MODEL AB I present results of a heavy hadron chiral perturbation theory analysis of the decays and masses of the recently discovered excited charm mesons. The present data on the electromagnetic branching ratios are consistent with heavy quark symmetry predictions and disfavor a molecular interpretation of these states. I also discuss model independent predictions for the strong decays of pentaquarks in the (10) over bar representation of SU(3) which can be used to constrain the angular momentum and parity quantum numbers of these states. C1 Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. NR 53 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU JAGIELLONIAN UNIV PRESS PI KRAKOW PA UL MICHALOWSKIEGO 9-2, KRAKOW, 31126, POLAND SN 0587-4254 EI 1509-5770 J9 ACTA PHYS POL B JI Acta Phys. Pol. B PD JUL PY 2005 VL 36 IS 7 BP 2341 EP 2350 PG 10 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 946FH UT WOS:000230557300018 ER PT J AU Graetz, J Reilly, JJ AF Graetz, J Reilly, JJ TI Nanoscale energy storage materials produced by hydrogen-driven metallurgical reactions SO ADVANCED ENGINEERING MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID LITHIUM; ELECTRODE; CAPACITY; HYDRIDES; CANI5; HDDR AB Nanoscale energy storage materials offer enhanced kinetics, material stability and gravimetric capacity, with respect to their bulk counterparts. Hydrogen-driven metallurgical reactions (HDMR) represent a novel method for synthesis of these nanomaterials. Nanoscale and nanocomposite electrodes for Li-ion batteries synthesized by HDMR demonstrate reversible lithium cycling at low temperature (298 degrees C). The nanocomposite electrodes are composed of an electrochemically active species (Li-Sn, Li-Al-Sn and Li-AlSi) imbedded within an inert Li2O matrix. These electrodes are prepared in the charged state and therefore do not suffer from the first cycle capacity loss that is characteristic of the intermetallic anodes. This novel synthesis technique may also be applied to the preparation of new hydrogen storage compounds. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Energy Sci & Technol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Graetz, J (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Energy Sci & Technol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM graetz@bnl.gov NR 16 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1438-1656 J9 ADV ENG MATER JI Adv. Eng. Mater. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 7 IS 7 BP 597 EP 601 DI 10.1002/adem.200500028 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 956SD UT WOS:000231319200006 ER PT J AU Maxwell, JL Boman, M Springer, RW Nobile, A DeFriend, K Espada, L Sandstrom, M Kommireddy, D Pegna, J Goodin, D AF Maxwell, JL Boman, M Springer, RW Nobile, A DeFriend, K Espada, L Sandstrom, M Kommireddy, D Pegna, J Goodin, D TI Process-structure map for diamond-like carbon fibers from ethene at hyperbaric pressures SO ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; AMORPHOUS-CARBON; GROWTH; FILMS; LCVD; KINETICS; SPECTRA; RODS AB High-pressure laser chemical vapor deposition (HP-LCVD) is a powerful tool for growing complex microstructures at rapid rates. Not only is it possible to deposit functionally graded materials, but new metastable phases, alloys, and composite materials may be realized. In this paper, the diversity of microstructures that may be obtained through HP-LCVD is demonstrated, including the growth of metastable materials, e.g., diamond-like carbon (DLC). For the first time, a pressure-temperature (P-T) phase diagram has been created for HP-LCVD, identifying nine distinct material phases of carbon from ethene. Regions of high sp(3) content are identified via Raman spectroscopy. The kinetics, rate limitations, and thermodynamics of the process are also characterized at hyperbaric pressures, creating a first-ever process-rate map-covering the entire useful pressure range for ethene. Thermodynamically enhanced growth is also documented for the first time, where the contribution of the heat of reaction is much greater than the incident laser power-demonstrating a quasi-self-sustaining reaction. Finally, sufficient information is provided to reconstruct specific fiber geometries, structures, and growth rates for potential industrial production of carbon fibers from the gas phase. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Inst Space & Response Div, ISR5, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Uppsala Univ, Dept Inorgan Chem, Angstrom Lab, SE-72121 Uppsala, Sweden. Louisiana Tech Univ, Inst Micromfg, Ruston, LA 71272 USA. Ecole Polytech, Montreal, PQ H3T 1J4, Canada. Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA USA. RP Maxwell, JL (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Inst Space & Response Div, ISR5, MS J566,DP O1S, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM jmaxwell@lanl.gov NR 30 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 8 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1616-301X J9 ADV FUNCT MATER JI Adv. Funct. Mater. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 15 IS 7 BP 1077 EP 1087 DI 10.1002/adfm.200400252 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 948RT UT WOS:000230734100003 ER PT J AU Ramamurti, R Sandberg, W Vaiana, P Kellogg, J Cylinder, D AF Ramamurti, R Sandberg, W Vaiana, P Kellogg, J Cylinder, D TI Computational fluid dynamics study of unconventional air vehicle configurations SO AERONAUTICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Bristol International Conference on Unmanned Air Vehicle Systems CY MAR 29-31, 2004 CL Univ Bristol, Bristol, ENGLAND HO Univ Bristol ID INSECT FLIGHT; AERODYNAMIC MECHANISMS AB Two unconventional micro air vehicles developed by the Naval Research Laboratory are described. One of the vehicles employs flapping wings which is inspired by the flight of birds or insects but does not copy it directly. The second vehicle is a stop-rotor hybrid vehicle employing a pair of single blade, rotary/fixed wing panels, attached at their roots to separate coaxial shafts. An unstructured grid based incompressible flow solver, called feflo, is used to simulate the flow past these novel configurations in order to determine the flight characteristics of these vehicles. C1 USN, Res Lab, Computat Phys & Fluid Dynam Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Naval Res Lab, Tact Elect Warfare Div, Pennsauken, NJ USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Ramamurti, R (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Computat Phys & Fluid Dynam Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 10 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROYAL AERONAUTICAL SOC PI LONDON PA 4 HAMILTON PL, LONDON W1J 7BQ, ENGLAND SN 0001-9240 J9 AERONAUT J JI Aeronaut. J. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 109 IS 1097 BP 337 EP 347 PG 11 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 958ZM UT WOS:000231486700004 ER PT J AU Yang, CF Li, M Mokili, JLK Winter, J Lubaki, NM Mwandagalirwa, KM Kasali, MJ Losoma, AJ Quinn, TC Bollinger, RC Lal, RB AF Yang, CF Li, M Mokili, JLK Winter, J Lubaki, NM Mwandagalirwa, KM Kasali, MJ Losoma, AJ Quinn, TC Bollinger, RC Lal, RB TI Genetic diversification and recombination of HIV type 1 group M in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Article ID SUBTYPE-A; VACCINE DEVELOPMENT; DIVERSITY; PREDOMINANCE; CONSEQUENCES; TRANSMISSION; DIAGNOSIS; EPIDEMIC; VIRUSES; AFRICA AB As the HIV-1 pandemic becomes increasingly complex, the genetic characterization of HIV strains bears important implications for vaccine research. To better understand the molecular evolution of HIV-1 viral diversity, we performed a comparative molecular analysis of HIV strains collected from high-risk persons in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). Analysis of the gag-p24, env-C2V3 and -gp41 regions from 83 specimens collected in 1999-2000 revealed that 44 (53%) had concordant subtypes in the three regions (14 subsubtype A1, 10 subtype G, 8 subtype D, 5 subtype C, 2 each subsubtype F1 and CRF01_AE, and one each of subtypes H and J, and subsubtype A2, while the remaining 39 (47%) had mosaic genomes comprising multiple subtype combinations. Similar multisubtype patterns were also observed in 24 specimens collected in 1985. Sequence analysis of the gag-pol region (2.1 kb) from 21 discordant specimens in the gag-p24, env-C2V3 and -gp41 regions in 1985 and 1999-2000 further confirmed the complex recombinant patterns. Despite the remarkable similarity in overall subtype distribution, the intra- and intersubtype distances of major subtypes A1 and G increased significantly from 1985 to 1999-2000 (p = 0.018 and p = 0.0016, respectively). Given the complexity of HIV-1 viruses circulating in DRC, efforts should focus on the development of vaccines that result in cross-clade immunity. C1 NCHSTP, HIV Immunol & Diagnost Branch, DHAP, CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, HIV SIV Vaccine Trial Database, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. PNLS, Kinshasa, Zaire. RP Yang, CF (reprint author), NCHSTP, HIV Immunol & Diagnost Branch, DHAP, CDC, Mail Stop D-12,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cyang1@cdc.gov RI Yang, Chunfu/G-6890-2013 NR 20 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 21 IS 7 BP 661 EP 666 DI 10.1089/aid.2005.21.661 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 955JX UT WOS:000231223300010 PM 16060838 ER PT J AU Tsyusko, OV Smith, MH Sharitz, RR Glenn, TC AF Tsyusko, OV Smith, MH Sharitz, RR Glenn, TC TI Genetic and clonal diversity of two cattail species, Typha latifolia and T. angustifolia (Typhaceae), from Ukraine SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY LA English DT Article DE cattails; clonal structure; genetic diversity; microsatellites; Typha angustifolia; Typha angustifolia; Ukraine ID POPULATION-STRUCTURE; MICROSATELLITE LOCI; SELF-FERTILIZATION; UNITED-STATES; PLANT; DNA; DIFFERENTIATION; SIZE; EVOLUTION; HABITAT AB Genetic and clonal diversity vary between two closely related cattail species (Typha angustifolia and T. latifolia) from Ukraine. This diversity was calculated from microsatellite data. Forty-eight percent of the total variation was partitioned between species, which formed distinct clusters in a dendrogram with no indication of hybrid populations. Typha angustifolia had higher heterozygosity at the species (H-es = 0.66) and population (H-ep = 0.49) levels than did T. latifolia (H-es = 0.37 and H-ep = 0.29, respectively). The higher number of alleles in T. angustifolia may be indicative of larger effective population sizes due to its higher seed production. Clonal diversity of T. angustifolia was lower than that of T. latifolia (N-g/N-e = 0.40 and 0.61, Simpson's D = 0.82 and 0.94, respectively). Correlations between clonal and genetic diversity were higher for T. latifolia than T. angustifolia, suggesting that the importance of factors and their interactions affecting this relationship are different for the two species. Latitudinal and longitudinal trends were not observed in either species despite the large sampling area. Population differentiation was relatively high with F-ST of 0.24 and 0.29 for T. angustifolia and T. latifolia, respectively. Weak isolation by distance was observed for T. latifolia but not for T. angustifolia. C1 Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Inst Ecol, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. RP Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Inst Ecol, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. EM tsyusko@srel.edu RI Glenn, Travis/A-2390-2008; OI Tsyusko, Olga/0000-0001-8196-1062 NR 62 TC 24 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 16 PU BOTANICAL SOC AMER INC PI ST LOUIS PA PO BOX 299, ST LOUIS, MO 63166-0299 USA SN 0002-9122 EI 1537-2197 J9 AM J BOT JI Am. J. Bot. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 92 IS 7 BP 1161 EP 1169 DI 10.3732/ajb.92.7.1161 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 942CP UT WOS:000230260800013 PM 21646138 ER PT J AU Williams, PT Blanche, PJ Rawlings, R Krauss, RM AF Williams, PT Blanche, PJ Rawlings, R Krauss, RM TI Concordant lipoprotein and weight responses to dietary fat change in identical twins with divergent exercise levels SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE twins; low-fat diet; high-carbohydrate diet; lipoproteins; lipoprotein(a); physical activity; LDL subclasses; apolipoproteins; cholesterol ID MODERATELY OVERWEIGHT MEN; LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; LDL-SUBCLASS PATTERNS; APOLIPOPROTEIN-A-I; HDL CHOLESTEROL; TRANSPORT RATES; PARTICLE-SIZE; RISK-FACTORS; MALE RUNNERS AB Background: Individuals vary greatly in their lipoprotein responses to low-fat diets, with some of this variation being attributable to genes. Objective: The purpose was to test the extent to which individual lipoprotein responses to diet can be attributed to genes in the presence of divergent exercise levels. Design: Twenty-eight pairs of male monozygotic twins (one twin mostly sedentary, the other running an average of 50 km/wk more than the sedentary twin) went from a 6-wk 40%-fat diet to a 6-wk 20%-fat diet in a crossover design. The diets reduced fat primarily by reducing saturated and polyunsaturated fat (both from 14% to 4%) while increasing carbohydrate intake from 45% to 65%. Results: Despite the twins' differences in physical activity, the dietary manipulation produced significantly correlated changes (P < 0.05) in the twins' total cholesterol (r = 0.56); LDL cholesterol (r 0.70); large, buoyant LDL [Svedberg flotation rate (S-f) 7-12; r 0.52]; apolipoprotein A-I (r = 0.49); lipoprotein(a) (r = 0.49); electrophoresis measurements of LDL-I (LDLs between 26 and 28.5 nm in diameter; r = 0.48), LDL-IIB (25.2-24.6 nm; r = 0.54), and LDL-IV (22-24.1 nm; r = 0.50); and body weight (r = 0.41). Replacing fats with carbohydrates significantly decreased the size and ultracentrifuge flotation rate of the major LDL and the LDL mass concentrations of large, buoyant LDL; LDL-I; HDL cholesterol; and apolipoprotein A-1 and significantly increased concentrations of LDL-IIIA (24.7-25.5 nm) and lipoprotein(a). Conclusions: Even in the presence of extreme differences in exercise, genes significantly affect changes in LDL, apolipoprotein A-1, lipoprotein(a), and body weight when dietary fats are replaced with carbohydrates. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Donner Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Childrens Hosp, Oakland Res Inst, Oakland, CA 94609 USA. RP Williams, PT (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Donner Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM ptwilliams@lbl.gov FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-18574, R01 HL072110] NR 42 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL NUTRITION PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, SUBSCRIPTIONS, RM L-3300, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0002-9165 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 82 IS 1 BP 181 EP 187 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 945BC UT WOS:000230474400027 PM 16002817 ER PT J AU Keener, WK Ward, TE AF Keener, WK Ward, TE TI An assay for N-glycosylase activity on single-stranded DNA using stable, nonhazardous reagents SO ANALYTICAL BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Editorial Material ID RIBOSOME-INACTIVATING PROTEINS; ADENINE; GELONIN C1 Idaho Natl Engn Lab, Dept Biotechnol, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Keener, WK (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn Lab, Dept Biotechnol, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM william.keener@det.amedd.army.mil NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0003-2697 J9 ANAL BIOCHEM JI Anal. Biochem. PD JUL 1 PY 2005 VL 342 IS 1 BP 170 EP 172 DI 10.1016/j.ab.2005.04.011 PG 3 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 942IW UT WOS:000230277100023 PM 15958196 ER PT J AU Boyer, AE Moura, H Woolfitt, AR Kalb, SR McWilliams, LG Pavlopoulos, A Schmidt, JG Ashley, DL Barr, JR AF Boyer, AE Moura, H Woolfitt, AR Kalb, SR McWilliams, LG Pavlopoulos, A Schmidt, JG Ashley, DL Barr, JR TI From the mouse to the mass spectrometer: Detection and differentiation of the endoproteinase activities of botulinum neurotoxins A-G by mass spectrometry SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID LASER-DESORPTION IONIZATION; CLOSTRIDIUM-BOTULINUM; IN-VITRO; INFANT BOTULISM; SEROTYPE-A; TOXIN; BIOASSAY; ASSAYS; FOODS; PURIFICATION AB We have developed an assay (Endopep-MS) that detects the specific endoproteinase activities of all seven BoNT types by mass spectrometry (MS). Each BoNT type cleaves a unique site on proteins involved in neuronal transmission. Target peptide substrates based on these proteins identify a BoNT type by its enzymatic action on the substrate and the production of two peptide products, which are then detected by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight MS or liquid chromatography electrospray ionization MS/MS. We showed the ability to detect all seven toxin types in a multiplexed assay format. The detection limits achieved range from 0.039 to 0.625 mouse LD50/mL for toxin types A, B, E, and F in a buffer system. The Endopep-MS assay is the first to differentiate all seven BoNT types, is sensitive, specific, and has the potential to quantify toxin activity. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Battelle Mem Inst, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Boyer, AE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM aboyer@cdc.gov; jbarr@cdc.gov OI Kalb, Suzanne/0000-0002-8067-136X; Schmidt, Jurgen/0000-0002-8192-9940 NR 36 TC 85 Z9 87 U1 0 U2 14 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD JUL 1 PY 2005 VL 77 IS 13 BP 3916 EP 3924 DI 10.1021/ac050485f PG 9 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 942GL UT WOS:000230270800023 PM 15987092 ER PT J AU Han, SI Garcia, S Lowery, TJ Ruiz, EJ Seeley, JA Chavez, L King, DS Wemmer, DE Pines, A AF Han, SI Garcia, S Lowery, TJ Ruiz, EJ Seeley, JA Chavez, L King, DS Wemmer, DE Pines, A TI NMR-based biosensing with optimized delivery of polarized Xe-129 to solutions SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; HYPERPOLARIZED XE-129; FUNCTIONALIZED XENON; BINDING PROTEIN; SPIN-EXCHANGE; SPECTROSCOPY; PROBE; MRI; SAMPLES; BLOOD AB Laser-enhanced (LE) Xe-129 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is an exceptional tool for sensing extremely small physical and chemical changes; however, the difficult mechanics of bringing polarized xenon and samples of interest together have limited applications, particularly to biological molecules. Here we present a method for accomplishing solution Xe-129 biosensing based on flow (bubbling) of LE Xe-129 gas through a solution in situ in the NMR probe, with pauses for data acquisition. This overcomes fundamental limitations of conventional solution-state LE Xe-129 NMR, e.g., the difficulty in transferring hydrophobic xenon into aqueous environments, and the need to handle the sample to refresh LE Xe-129 after an observation pulse depletes polarization. With this new method, we gained a factor of > 100 in sensitivity due to improved xenon transfer to the solution and the ability to signal average by renewing the polarized xenon. Polarized xenon in biosensors was detected at very low concentrations, <= 250 nanomolar, while retaining all the usual information from NMR. This approach can be used to simultaneously detect multiple sensors with different chemical shifts and is also capable of detecting signals from opaque, heterogeneous samples, which is a unique advantage over optical methods. This general approach is adaptable for sensing minute quantities of xenon in heterogeneous in vitro samples, in miniaturized devices and should be applicable to certain in-vivo environments. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Div Mat Sci, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Div Phys Biosci, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Han, SI (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Chem & Biochem, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. EM songi@chem.ucsb.edu RI Han, Songi/E-4723-2012 OI Han, Songi/0000-0001-6489-6246 NR 37 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD JUL 1 PY 2005 VL 77 IS 13 BP 4008 EP 4012 DI 10.1021/ac0500479 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 942GL UT WOS:000230270800035 PM 15987104 ER PT J AU Harris, WA Reilly, PTA Whitten, WB AF Harris, WA Reilly, PTA Whitten, WB TI MALDI of individual biomolecule-containing airborne particles in an ion trap mass spectrometer SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ASSISTED-LASER-DESORPTION/IONIZATION; DESORPTION IONIZATION; CONTROLLED DIMENSIONS; AERODYNAMIC LENSES; NOZZLE EXPANSIONS; MICROPARTICLES; DIVERGENCE; SCATTERING; RADIATION; DROPLETS AB Individual airborne biomolecule-containing particles were detected and characterized in near real-time by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) with an ion trap mass spectrometer. Biomolecule-containing particles were laboratory-generated and passed through a heated region containing a solution of matrix in equilibrium with the gas phase. Passage into a cooler region created a supersaturation, resulting in rapid deposition of the matrix vapor onto the biomolecule-containing particles, whereupon they were sampled into the inlet of our spectrometer. The coated particles were collimated and individually sized by light-scattering-based time-of-flight. When the sized particle reached the center of the ion trap, it was irradiated with a focused 266-nm laser, and the resulting ions were mass-analyzed. Mass spectra of leucine enkephalin, bradykinin, substance P, and polylysine-containing particles were determined with attomole sensitivity. Structural information of the peptides contained in an individual particle was obtained by tandem mass spectrometry. Analysis of the results yields insights into the aerosol laser ablation ionization process that suggests an optically limited mechanism for ion production that has interesting ramifications on the utility of aerosol-based MALDI as an analytical technique. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Reilly, PTA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM ReillyPT@ornl.gov NR 27 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD JUL 1 PY 2005 VL 77 IS 13 BP 4042 EP 4050 DI 10.1021/ac050187i PG 9 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 942GL UT WOS:000230270800040 PM 15987109 ER PT J AU Fu, CY Petrich, LI Daley, PF Burnham, AK AF Fu, CY Petrich, LI Daley, PF Burnham, AK TI Intelligent signal processing for detection system optimization SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID NEURAL-NETWORKS AB A wavelet-neural network signal processing method has demonstrated similar to 10-fold improvement over traditional signal processing methods for the detection limit of various nitrogen and phosphorus compounds from the output of a thermionic detector attached to a gas chromatograph. A blind test was conducted to validate the lower detection limit. All 14 of the compound spikes were detected when above the estimated threshold, including all 3 within a factor of 2 above the threshold. In addition, two of six spikes were detected at levels of half the concentration of the nominal threshold. Another two of the six would have been detected correctly if we had allowed human intervention to examine the processed data. One apparent false positive in five nulls was traced to a solvent impurity, whose presence was subsequently identified by analyzing a solvent aliquot evaporated to 1% residual volume, while the other four nulls were properly classified. We view this signal processing method as broadly applicable in analytical chemistry, and we advocate that advanced signal processing methods should be applied as directly as possible to the raw detector output so that less discriminating preprocessing and postprocessing does not throw away valuable signal. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Fu, CY (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM fu1@llnl.gov NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD JUL 1 PY 2005 VL 77 IS 13 BP 4051 EP 4057 DI 10.1021/ac049056s PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 942GL UT WOS:000230270800041 PM 15987110 ER PT J AU Gritti, F Guiochon, G AF Gritti, F Guiochon, G TI Adsorption mechanism in RPLC. Effect of the nature of the organic modifier SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PHASE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; OVERLOADED BAND PROFILES; IONIC-STRENGTH; MOBILE-PHASE; ISOTHERM PARAMETERS; IONIZABLE COMPOUNDS; INSULIN VARIANTS; DEAD VOLUME; RETENTION; BEHAVIOR AB The adsorption isotherms of phenol and caffeine were acquired by frontal analysis on two different adsorbents, Kromasil-C-18 and Discovery-C-18, with two different mobile phases, aqueous solutions of methanol (MeOH/H2O = 40/60 and 30/70, v/v) and aqueous solutions of acetonitrile (MeCN/H2O = 30/70 and 20/80, v/v). The adsorption isotherms are always strictly convex upward in methanol/water solutions. The calculations of the adsorption energy distribution confirm that the adsorption data for phenol are best modeled with the bi-Langmuir and the tri-Langinuir isotherm models for Kromasil-C-18 and Discovery-C-18, respectively. Because its molecule is larger and excluded from the deepest sites buried in the bonded layer, the adsorption data of caffeine follow bi-Langmuir isotherm model behavior on both adsorbents. In contrast, with acetonitrile/water solutions, the adsorption data of both phenol and caffeine deviate far less from linear behavior. They were best modeled by the sum of a Langmuir and a BET isotherm models. The Langmuir term represents the adsorption of the analyte on the high-energy sites located within the C-18 layers and the BET term its adsorption on the low-energy sites and its accumulation in an adsorbed multilayer system of acetonitrile on the bonded alkyl chains. The formation of a complex adsorbed phase containing up to four layers of acetonitrile (with a thickness of 3.4 angstrom each) was confirmed by the excess adsorption isotherm data measured for acetonitrile on Discovery-C-18. A simple interpretation of this change in the isotherm curvature at high concentrations when methanol is replaced with acetonitrile as the organic modifier is proposed, based on the structure of the interface between the C-18 chains and the bulk mobile phase. This new model accounts for all the experimental observations. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Guiochon, G (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. NR 40 TC 73 Z9 74 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD JUL 1 PY 2005 VL 77 IS 13 BP 4257 EP 4272 DI 10.1021/ac0580058 PG 16 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 942GL UT WOS:000230270800066 PM 15987135 ER PT J AU Zanotti, JM Smith, LJ Price, DL Saboungi, ML AF Zanotti, JM Smith, LJ Price, DL Saboungi, ML TI Inelastic neutron scattering as a probe of dynamics under confinement. The case of a PEO polymer melt SO ANNALES DE CHIMIE-SCIENCE DES MATERIAUX LA English DT Article ID SIMULATIONS; VYCOR; GLASS AB Results of a quasi-elastic incoherent neutron scattering study of the influence of confinement on polyethylene oxide (PEO) dynamics are presented. Owing to the large incoherent neutron scattering cross-section (sigma(s) = 80 barns) of the H-1 nucleus and the abundance of this element in polymeric systems, incoherent inelastic neutron scattering measurements are able to give a global view of the fast (ps time-range) local (few angstroems) polymer dynamics as sensed via the averaged individual motions of its hydrogen atoms. The confining medium is Vycor, a silica based hydrophilic porous glass. PEO is a semi crystalline polymer. PEO glass transition is clearly detected by neutron scattering (proton apparent mean-square displacement temperature dependence) at 208 +/- 3 K but no confinement effect is detected. At higher temperature, as measured by DSC, the PEO melting transition at 335 K is strongly attenuated under confinement, suggesting a significant increase of the PEO amorphous fraction with respect to the crystalline phase. Above the melting point, proton apparent mean-square displacement is dramatically reduced when the polymer is confined. In this paper, a detailed line shape analysis of the PEO quasi-elastic signal is presented. Despite a lack of profound physical significance, stretched exponentials are often used to describe polymer melts quasi-elastic neutron scattering and NMR relaxation data. We first analyze neutron inelastic data by use of such stretched exponentials. Then we derive a model of the local, short time dynamics of linear polymers in terms of (i) orientational diffusion along the polymer chain associated to (ii) local conformational transitions and (iii) longtime, large scale motions. For bulk and confined polymer, we find the scattering vector (Q) dependences of the three correlation times of the model to be consistent with Q(0), Q(-2) and Q(-4) power-laws. Overall, we observe a strong slowing down of the polymer dynamics under confinement. The original analysis we propose leads to a polymeric monomeric friction coefficient from which we estimate a 60% increase in the polymer viscosity under Vycor confinement. C1 CEA Saclay, CNRS, CEA, Lab Leon Brillouin, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, HFIR Ctr Neutron Scattering, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. CRMD, F-45071 Orleans, France. RP Zanotti, JM (reprint author), CEA Saclay, CNRS, CEA, Lab Leon Brillouin, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. RI Zanotti, Jean-Marc/C-3188-2008; Price, David Long/A-8468-2013; Saboungi, Marie-Louise/C-5920-2013 OI Zanotti, Jean-Marc/0000-0001-6474-3944; Saboungi, Marie-Louise/0000-0002-0607-4815 NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI PARIS PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE SN 0151-9107 J9 ANN CHIM-SCI MAT JI Ann. Chim.-Sci. Mat. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 30 IS 4 BP 353 EP 364 DI 10.3166/acsm.30.353-364 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 960HI UT WOS:000231580800004 ER PT J AU Jammes, C Geslot, B Rosa, R Imel, G Fougeras, P AF Jammes, C Geslot, B Rosa, R Imel, G Fougeras, P TI Comparison of reactivity estimations obtained from rod-drop and pulsed neutron on source experiments SO ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY LA English DT Article AB Experimental estimates of a subcritical level using rod-drop and pulsed neutron source (PNS) techniques are presented. First, three methods were applied to the same rod-drop data set: the prompt drop, area and linear fit methods. Second, two methods were applied to the same PNS data set: the prompt decay and area methods. Except for the prompt decay PNS method, all the other methods are in good-agreement. It is shown that the area PNS method is the least space-dependent and the most accurate. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 CEN Cadarache, Ctr Cadarache, DEN, CAD,DER,SPEx,LPE, F-13108 St Paul Les Durance, France. Ente Nuove Tecnol Energia & Ambiente, Ctr Casaccia, I-00060 Rome, Italy. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Jammes, C (reprint author), CEN Cadarache, Ctr Cadarache, DEN, CAD,DER,SPEx,LPE, F-13108 St Paul Les Durance, France. EM christian.jammes@cea.fr RI Jammes, Christian/H-3245-2013 OI Jammes, Christian/0000-0002-5970-7719 NR 13 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0306-4549 J9 ANN NUCL ENERGY JI Ann. Nucl. Energy PD JUL PY 2005 VL 32 IS 10 BP 1131 EP 1145 DI 10.1016/j.anucene.2005.02.013 PG 15 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 938GZ UT WOS:000229989200008 ER PT J AU He, ZL Wu, LY Li, XY Fields, MW Zhou, JZ AF He, ZL Wu, LY Li, XY Fields, MW Zhou, JZ TI Empirical establishment of oligonucleotide probe design criteria SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NEAREST-NEIGHBOR THERMODYNAMICS; DOT-T MISMATCHES; DNA MICROARRAYS; INTERNAL LOOPS; EXPRESSION; ARRAYS; PARAMETERS; SEQUENCES; SCALE; NMR AB Criteria for the design of gene-specific and group-specific oligonucleotide probes were established experimentally via an oligonucleotide array that contained perfect match (PM) and mismatch probes (50-mers and 70-mers) based upon four genes. The effects of probe-target identity, continuous stretch, mismatch position, and hybridization free energy on specificity were tested. Little hybridization was observed at a probe-target identity of <= 85% for both 50-mer and 70-mer probes. PM signal intensities (33 to 48%) were detected at a probe-target identity of 94% for 50-mer oligonucleotides and 43 to 55% for 70-mer probes at a probe-target identity of 96%. When the effects of sequence identity and continuous stretch were considered independently, a stretch probe (> 15 bases) contributed an additional 9% of the PM signal intensity compared to a nonstretch probe (<= 15 bases) at the same identity level. Cross-hybridization increased as the length of continuous stretch increased. A 35-base stretch for 50-mer probes or a 50-base stretch for 70-mer probes had approximately 55% of the PM signal. Little cross-hybridization was observed for probes with a minimal binding free energy greater than -30 kcal/mol for 50-mer probes or -40 kcal/mol for 70-mer probes. Based on the experimental results, a set of criteria are suggested for the design of gene-specific and group-specific oligonucleotide probes, and the experimentally established criteria should provide valuable information for new software and algorithms for microarray-based studies. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Miami Univ, Dept Microbiol, Oxford, OH 45056 USA. Harbin Inst Technol, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, Peoples R China. RP Zhou, JZ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM zhouj@ornl.gov RI He, Zhili/C-2879-2012 NR 35 TC 116 Z9 125 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 71 IS 7 BP 3753 EP 3760 DI 10.1128/AEM.71.7.3753-3760.2005 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 944RE UT WOS:000230445700047 PM 16000786 ER PT J AU Bond, DR Mester, T Nesbo, CL Izquierdo-Lopez, AV Collart, FL Lovley, DR AF Bond, DR Mester, T Nesbo, CL Izquierdo-Lopez, AV Collart, FL Lovley, DR TI Characterization of citrate synthase from Geobacter sulfurreducens and evidence for a family of citrate synthases similar to those of eukaryotes throughout the Geobacteraceae SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CITRIC-ACID CYCLE; CONTAMINATED AQUIFER; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; ELECTRON-ACCEPTORS; FE(III) REDUCTION; COENZYME-A; IRON; IDENTIFICATION; PURIFICATION; OXIDATION AB Members of the family Geobacteraceae are commonly the predominant Fe (III) -reducing microorganisms in sedimentary environments, as well as on the surface of energy-harvesting electrodes, and are able to effectively couple the oxidation of acetate to the reduction of external electron acceptors. Citrate synthase activity of these organisms is of interest due to its key role in acetate metabolism. Prior sequencing of the genome of Geobacter sulfurreducens revealed a putative citrate synthase sequence related to the citrate synthases of eukaryotes. All citrate synthase activity in G. sulfurreducens could be resolved to a single 49-kDa protein via affinity chromatography. The enzyme was successfully expressed at high levels in Escherichia coli with similar properties as the native enzyme, and kinetic parameters were comparable to related citrate synthases (k(cat) = 8.3 s(-1); K-m = 14.1 and 4.3 mu M for acetyl coenzyme A and oxaloacetate, respectively). The enzyme was dimeric and was slightly inhibited by ATP (K-i = 1.9 mM for acetyl coenzyme A), which is a known inhibitor for many eukaryotic, dimeric citrate synthases. NADH, an allosteric inhibitor of prokaryotic hexameric citrate synthases, did not affect enzyme activity. Unlike most prokaryotic dimeric citrate synthases, the enzyme did not have any methylcitrate synthase activity. A unique feature of the enzyme, in contrast to citrate synthases from both eukaryotes and prokaryotes, was a lack of stimulation by K+ ions. Similar citrate synthase sequences were detected in a diversity of other Geobacteraceae members. This first characterization of a eukaryotic-like citrate synthase from a prokaryote provides new insight into acetate metabolism in Geobacteraceae members and suggests a molecular target for tracking the presence and activity of these organisms in the environment. C1 Univ Massachusetts, Dept Microbiol, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. Dalhousie Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Halifax, NS, Canada. Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Bond, DR (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Inst Biotechnol, 140 Gortner,1479 Gortner Ave, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM dbond@umn.edu OI Bond, Daniel/0000-0001-8083-7107; Collart, Frank/0000-0001-6942-4483 NR 58 TC 34 Z9 38 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 71 IS 7 BP 3858 EP 3865 DI 10.1128/AEM.71.7.3858-3865.2005 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 944RE UT WOS:000230445700059 PM 16000798 ER PT J AU Mashal, K Harsh, JB Flury, M Felmy, AR AF Mashal, K Harsh, JB Flury, M Felmy, AR TI Analysis of precipitates from reactions of hyperalkaline solutions with soluble silica SO APPLIED GEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID TEMPERATURE HYDROTHERMAL CONDITIONS; NITRATE ENCLATHRATED SODALITE; CRYSTALLIZATION KINETICS; PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS; HANFORD SEDIMENTS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; BAYER PROCESS; TANK WASTE; MAS NMR; CANCRINITE AB Cancrinite, sodalite, and zeolite A have been found to form upon contacting hyperalkaline simulated tank waste (STW) with vadose zone sediments from the Hanford Reservation. Here, soluble silica and STW are used to study mineral formation and transformation. Two Hanford sediment fractions (diameters < 50 and > 50 mu m instead of soluble silica) are also used as silica sources for comparison. A series of batch experiments at 50 degrees C and 25 days duration were conducted by reacting 0.026 mol/kg soluble Si with 6 different STW solutions. The STW solutions differed in NaOH and Al concentrations. Cancrinite, sodalite, and zeolite A formed when soluble Si was used as the Si source. The minerals were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and Al-27 and Si-29 magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (MAS-NMR). Larger NaOH and Al concentrations favored formation of the more compact structures of cancrinite and sodalite. At larger NaOH concentration more Al for Si substitution occurred in the tetrahedral sites. A greater Al(4)/Al(6) ratio in the solids was found for the higher Si/Al ratio solutions based on NMR results. Mixtures of cancrinite and sodalite were characterized by particles with lepispheric morphology. At low Al concentration, increasing NaOH resulted in distinct hexagonal, prismatic particles common to crystalline cancrinite. At low Al/Si ratio, the characteristic cubic morphology of zeolite was observed in addition to cancrinite and socialite. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Ctr Multiphase Environm Res, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Flury, M (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Ctr Multiphase Environm Res, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM flury@mail.wsu.edu RI Mashal, Kholoud/G-9636-2013; Harsh, James/C-7455-2014; Flury, Markus/H-2983-2012 OI Mashal, Kholoud/0000-0001-9591-4216; Harsh, James/0000-0002-0177-3342; Flury, Markus/0000-0002-3344-3962 NR 44 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0883-2927 J9 APPL GEOCHEM JI Appl. Geochem. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 20 IS 7 BP 1357 EP 1367 DI 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2005.01.015 PG 11 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 950PA UT WOS:000230868200008 ER PT J AU Mandel, J Dohrmann, CR Tezaur, R AF Mandel, J Dohrmann, CR Tezaur, R TI An algebraic theory for primal and dual substructuring methods by constraints SO APPLIED NUMERICAL MATHEMATICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Symposium on Iterative Methods in Scientific Computing CY MAR 27-30, 2003 CL Univ Colorado, Denver, CO SP IMACS HO Univ Colorado DE iterative substructuring; balancing domain decomposition; finite element tearing and interconnecting; Lagrange multipliers; BDD; BDDC; FETI; FETI-DP; dual-primal ID BALANCING DOMAIN DECOMPOSITION; LAGRANGE MULTIPLIERS; STRUCTURAL MECHANICS; ENERGY MINIMIZATION; FETI METHODS; CONVERGENCE; PRECONDITIONERS; COEFFICIENTS; PLATE; DP AB FETI and BDD are two widely used substructuring methods for the solution of large sparse systems of linear algebraic equations arising from discretization of elliptic boundary value problems. The two most advanced variants of these methods are the FETI-DP and the BDDC methods, whose formulation does not require any information beyond the algebraic system of equations in a substructure form. We formulate the FETI-DP and the BDDC methods in a common framework as methods based on general constraints between the substructures, and provide a simplified algebraic convergence theory. The basic implementation blocks including transfer operators are common to both methods. It is shown that commonly used properties of the transfer operators in fact determine the operators uniquely. Identical algebraic condition number bounds for both methods are given in terms of a single inequality, and, under natural additional assumptions, it is proved that the eigenvalues of the preconditioned problems are the same. The algebraic bounds imply the usual polylogarithmic bounds for finite elements, independent of coefficient jumps between substructures. Computational experiments confirm the theory. (c) 2004 IMACS. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Stanford Univ, Inst Computat & Math Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Struct Dynam Res Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Univ Colorado, Dept Math, Denver, CO 80217 USA. RP Tezaur, R (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Inst Computat & Math Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM rtezaur@stanford.edu RI Mandel, Jan/A-2281-2009 OI Mandel, Jan/0000-0002-8489-5766 NR 23 TC 111 Z9 111 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9274 J9 APPL NUMER MATH JI Appl. Numer. Math. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 54 IS 2 BP 167 EP 193 DI 10.1016/j.apnum.2004.09.022 PG 27 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA 936VX UT WOS:000229884600006 ER PT J AU Matsekh, AM AF Matsekh, AM TI The Godunov-inverse iteration: A fast and accurate solution to the symmetric tridiagonal eigenvalue problem SO APPLIED NUMERICAL MATHEMATICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Symposium on Iterative Methods in Scientific Computing CY MAR 27-30, 2003 CL Univ Colorado, Denver, CO SP IMACS HO Univ Colorado DE symmetric tridiagonal eigenvalue problem; two-sided sturm sequence; inverse iteration AB We present a new algorithm for computing eigenvectors of real symmetric tridiagonal matrices based on Godunov's two-sided Sturm sequence method and inverse iteration, which we call the Godunov-inverse iteration. We use eigenvector approximations computed recursively from two-sided Sturm sequences as starting vectors in inverse iteration, replacing any nonnumeric elements of these approximate eigenvectors with uniform random numbers. We use the left-hand bounds of the smallest machine presentable eigenvalue intervals found by the bisection method as inverse iteration shifts, while staying within guaranteed error bounds. In most test cases convergence is reached after only one or two iterations, producing accurate residuals. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of IMACS. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, CCS 3, Comp & Computat Sci Div, Modeling Algorithms & Informat Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. Russian Acad Sci, Siberian Branch, Inst Computat Technol, Novosibirsk, Russia. RP Matsekh, AM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, CCS 3, Comp & Computat Sci Div, Modeling Algorithms & Informat Grp, POB 1663,MS B256, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. EM matsekh@lanl.gov NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9274 J9 APPL NUMER MATH JI Appl. Numer. Math. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 54 IS 2 BP 208 EP 221 DI 10.1016/j.apnum.2004.09.024 PG 14 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA 936VX UT WOS:000229884600008 ER PT J AU Puretzky, AA Geohegan, DB Jesse, S Ivanov, IN Eres, G AF Puretzky, AA Geohegan, DB Jesse, S Ivanov, IN Eres, G TI In situ measurements and modeling of carbon nanotube array growth kinetics during chemical vapor deposition SO APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING LA English DT Article ID MULTILAYERED METAL-CATALYSTS; RAPID GROWTH; ACETYLENE; DECOMPOSITION; FILMS; TEMPERATURES; MECHANISM; ALUMINUM; BEHAVIOR; RANGE AB Direct measurements of carbon nanotube growth kinetics are described based upon time-resolved reflectivity (TRR) of a HeNe laser beam from vertically aligned nanotube arrays (VANTAs) as they grow during chemical vapor deposition (CVD). Growth rates and terminal lengths were measured in situ for VANTAs growing during CVD between 535 degrees C and 900 degrees C on Si substrates with evaporated Al/Fe/Mo multi-layered catalysts and acetylene feedstock at different feedstock partial pressures. Methods of analysis of the TRR signals are presented to interpret catalyst particle formation and oxidation, as well as the porosity of the VANTAs. A rate-equation model is developed to describe the measured kinetics in terms of activation energies and rate constants for surface carbon formation and diffusion on the catalyst nanoparticle, nanotube growth, and catalyst over-coating. Taken together with the TRR data, this model enables basic understanding and optimization of growth conditions for any catalyst/feedstock combination. The model lends insight into the main processes responsible for the growth of VANTAs, the measured number of walls in the nanotubes at different temperatures, conditions for growth of single-wall carbon nanotube arrays, and likely catalyst poisoning mechanisms responsible for the sharp decline in growth rates observed at high temperatures. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Puretzky, AA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM 1ap@ornl.gov RI ivanov, ilia/D-3402-2015; Puretzky, Alexander/B-5567-2016; Jesse, Stephen/D-3975-2016; Geohegan, David/D-3599-2013; Eres, Gyula/C-4656-2017 OI ivanov, ilia/0000-0002-6726-2502; Puretzky, Alexander/0000-0002-9996-4429; Jesse, Stephen/0000-0002-1168-8483; Geohegan, David/0000-0003-0273-3139; Eres, Gyula/0000-0003-2690-5214 NR 39 TC 210 Z9 214 U1 6 U2 68 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0947-8396 J9 APPL PHYS A-MATER JI Appl. Phys. A-Mater. Sci. Process. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 81 IS 2 BP 223 EP 240 DI 10.1007/s00339-005-3256-7 PG 18 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 927ZB UT WOS:000229239800001 ER PT J AU Sigman, J Bae, HJ Norton, DP Boatner, LA AF Sigman, J Bae, HJ Norton, DP Boatner, LA TI Dielectric response of K(Ta,Nb)O-3 thin films SO APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING LA English DT Article ID PULSED-LASER DEPOSITION; TANTALATE-NIOBATE CRYSTALS; MICROWAVE PROPERTIES; SPONTANEOUS POLARIZATION; FERROELECTRICS; NONLINEARITY; KTA1-XNBXO3 AB The dielectric response of K(Nb,Ta)O-3 films grown on (001) MgAl2O4 (100) by pulsed laser deposition from a mosaic target of KTa0.63Nb0.37O3 and KNO3 has been examined. In particular, the effects of growth temperature (650-800 degrees C), growth pressure (1-100 mTorr O-2), and annealing conditions on the tunability, dielectric constant, and dielectric losses in interdigitated capacitor device structures fabricated with these films are described. Annealing treatments lead to a reduction in the loss tangents for most of the films considered. Figure of merit calculations indicate that the best dielectric response (tunability = 37%, tan delta = 0.022) is achieved for films grown at 750 degrees C in an oxygen pressure of 100 mTorr and then annealing at 1000 degrees C for 2 h in air. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Norton, DP (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM dnort@mse.ufl.edu RI Boatner, Lynn/I-6428-2013 OI Boatner, Lynn/0000-0002-0235-7594 NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0947-8396 J9 APPL PHYS A-MATER JI Appl. Phys. A-Mater. Sci. Process. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 81 IS 2 BP 289 EP 293 DI 10.1007/s00339-004-3203-z PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 927ZB UT WOS:000229239800010 ER PT J AU Funk, DJ Moore, DS McGrane, SD Reho, JH Rabie, RL AF Funk, DJ Moore, DS McGrane, SD Reho, JH Rabie, RL TI Ultra-fast spatial interferometry: a tool for characterizing material phase and hydrodynamic motion in laser-excited metals SO APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING LA English DT Article ID OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; EXCITATION; MICROSCOPY; ELECTRON AB We have used two-dimensional ultra-fast microscopic interferometry to observe the electron dynamics in optically excited aluminum and gold at a metal-glass interface illuminated with 130-fs, 800-nm laser pulses. We have also observed the hydrodynamic motion and the time-dependent changes in the optical properties of two metals (6061-T6 aluminum and ASTM 336 1018 steel) using the same technique. The interferometric technique allows construction of the two-dimensional spatial profile for laser-pumped materials with a temporal resolution of < 300 fs and out-of-plane spatial resolution of 0.5 nm using 130-fs probe pulses. The data allowed extraction of changes in the index of refraction providing evidence for melting in the gold targets. Fits to the diamond-turned aluminum data were obtained by assuming physically motivated functional forms for the expected hydrodynamic motion and the time-dependent complex index of refraction. These experiments offer a new path for the observation of phase changes and/or for temperature measurements in shocked or laser-excited materials, by allowing a determination of the complex refractive index under dynamic conditions and comparing the measured values to those obtained under static conditions. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. E Carolina Univ, Greenville, NC 27858 USA. RP Funk, DJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM djf@lanl.gov RI Moore, David/C-8692-2013 NR 19 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0947-8396 J9 APPL PHYS A-MATER JI Appl. Phys. A-Mater. Sci. Process. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 81 IS 2 BP 295 EP 302 DI 10.1007/s00339-005-3214-4 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 927ZB UT WOS:000229239800011 ER PT J AU Fill, EE Trushin, S Bruch, R Tommasini, R AF Fill, EE Trushin, S Bruch, R Tommasini, R TI Diffraction of laser-plasma-generated electron pulses SO APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS LA English DT Article ID TRANSIENT MOLECULAR-STRUCTURES; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; ULTRAFAST DIFFRACTION AB We report the observation of the Debye-Scherrer diffraction using electron pulses emitted from a fs-laser plasma. Titanium sapphire laser pulses with 1.6 mJ/45 fs at 1 kHz are focused on a moving steel tape at close to normal incidence. The laser plasma generated ejects a large number of electrons in the direction of polarization, with a continuous energy spectrum extending up to 100 keV. Selecting an energy range of these electrons and scattering them on a thin aluminium sample generates a "streaked" diffraction pattern with unique features. C1 Max Planck Inst Quantum Opt, D-85748 Garching, Germany. Univ Nevada, Reno, NV 89557 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Fill, EE (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Quantum Opt, D-85748 Garching, Germany. EM ernst.fill@mpq.mpg.de RI Tommasini, Riccardo/A-8214-2009 OI Tommasini, Riccardo/0000-0002-1070-3565 NR 11 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0946-2171 J9 APPL PHYS B-LASERS O JI Appl. Phys. B-Lasers Opt. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 81 IS 2-3 BP 155 EP 157 DI 10.1007/s00340-005-1904-4 PG 3 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA 947DQ UT WOS:000230624000002 ER PT J AU Knapp, FF Guillaume, M AF Knapp, FF Guillaume, M TI Obituary: Claude Brihaye SO APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES LA English DT Biographical-Item C1 ORNL, Nucl Med Program, Nucl Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Knapp, FF (reprint author), ORNL, Nucl Med Program, Nucl Sci & Technol Div, Bldg 4501,Mail Stop 6229,POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM knappffjr@ornl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0969-8043 J9 APPL RADIAT ISOTOPES JI Appl. Radiat. Isot. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 63 IS 1 BP 149 EP 149 DI 10.1016/j.apradiso.2005.03.001 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 937UK UT WOS:000229951100020 ER PT J AU Wunschel, D Schultz, I Skillman, A Wahl, K AF Wunschel, D Schultz, I Skillman, A Wahl, K TI Method for detection and quantitation of fathead minnow vitellogenin (Vtg) by liquid chromatography and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry SO AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE vitellogenin; ethynyl estradiol; HPLC; MALDI-MS; peptide mass fingerprinting ID TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; RAINBOW-TROUT; PIMEPHALES-PROMELAS; PROTEIN IDENTIFICATION; CELLULAR-PROTEINS; PURIFICATION; SEPARATION; INDUCTION; SYSTEM AB Vitellogenin (Vtg) is a well-recognized biomarker of estrogen exposure in many species, particularly fish. This large protein shares a high degree of sequence homology across a large number of species. Quantitative measurement is currently done using antibody-based assays. These assays frequently require purification of Vtg and antibody production from each species because there is poor cross reactivity between antibodies for different fish. Therefore, complementary methods of measuring Vtg are desirable. Mass spectrometric (MS) analysis coupled to database searching offers the promise of a general method for protein identification. In this study, we used the well-characterized Vtg from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) to evaluate the analytical parameters for matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) analysis of the intact protein. The low sensitivity observed for the intact protein demonstrated that a proteolytic digestion would be necessary for MALDI-MS identification of Vtg. An analytical scale high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) separation combined with MALDI-MS was used to measure and confirm the identity of Vtg from the plasma of an important species for regulatory agencies, fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas). The small volume requirement of this method (< 10 mu L) was found to be compatible with the plasma volume obtained from a few minnows. Importantly, the HPLC-MALDI-MS measurement of fathead minnow Vtg abundance after exposure to estradiol was similar to previously obtained enzyme linked immunosorbant assays (ELISA) data. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Marine Sci Lab, Sequim, WA 98382 USA. RP Wunschel, D (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM David.Wunschel@pnl.gov RI Wunschel, David/F-3820-2010 NR 27 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-445X J9 AQUAT TOXICOL JI Aquat. Toxicol. PD JUL 1 PY 2005 VL 73 IS 3 BP 256 EP 267 DI 10.1016/j.aquatox.2005.03.015 PG 12 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Toxicology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Toxicology GA 938HL UT WOS:000229990400004 PM 15894388 ER PT J AU Zogg, R Roth, K Brodrick, J AF Zogg, R Roth, K Brodrick, J TI Combined heat and power for residences SO ASHRAE JOURNAL LA English DT Editorial Material C1 TIAX, Home & Bldg Syst Grp, Cambridge, MA USA. US DOE, Bldg Technol Program, Washington, DC USA. RP Zogg, R (reprint author), TIAX, Home & Bldg Syst Grp, Cambridge, MA USA. NR 2 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HEATING REFRIGERATING AIR-CONDITIONING ENG, INC, PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 USA SN 0001-2491 J9 ASHRAE J JI ASHRAE J. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 47 IS 7 BP 142 EP 143 PG 2 WC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA 944ZY UT WOS:000230471200019 ER PT J AU Giveon, U Becker, RH Helfand, DJ White, RL AF Giveon, U Becker, RH Helfand, DJ White, RL TI A new catalog of radio compact HII regions in the Milky Way. II. The 1.4 GHz data SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE catalogs; Galaxy : general; HII regions ID GALACTIC PLANE; POPULATION; MASERS; STARS AB We use a new Very Large Array Galactic plane catalog at 1.4 GHz covering the first and second Galactic quadrants (340 degrees <= l <= 120 degrees; \b\ <= 0.degrees 8 with \b\ <= 1.degrees 8 for 350 degrees <= l <= 40 degrees and \b\ <= 2.degrees 5 for 100 degrees <= l <= 105 degrees) in conjunction with the MSX6C Galactic plane mid-infrared catalog to supplement and better understand our 5 GHz catalog. A radio catalog of this region was first published by Zoonematkermani et al., but we have rereduced the data with significantly improved calibration and mosaicking procedures, resulting in more than a tripling of the number of 1.4 GHz sources detected. Comparison of the new 1.4 GHz catalog and the MSX6C catalog resulted in a sample of 556 matches, out of which we estimate only 11 to be chance coincidences. Most of the matches show red Midcourse Space Experiment colors. The scale height of their Galactic latitude distribution is 24' - 28' (FWHM) or similar to 60 - 70 pc ( for a distance of 8.5 kpc), depending on longitude. The latitude distribution flattens out significantly above l approximate to 40 degrees, and the number of matches drops off sharply. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94566 USA. Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, New York, NY 10027 USA. Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RP Giveon, U (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM giveon@physics.ucdavis.edu; bob@igpp.ucllnl.org; djh@astro.columbia.edu; rlw@stsci.edu RI White, Richard/A-8143-2012 NR 17 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 130 IS 1 BP 156 EP 164 DI 10.1086/430459 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 939PW UT WOS:000230085900014 ER PT J AU Gorosabel, J Fynbo, JPU Fruchter, A Levan, A Hjorth, J Nugent, P Castro-Tirado, AJ Ceron, JMC Rhoads, J Bersier, D Burud, I AF Gorosabel, J Fynbo, JPU Fruchter, A Levan, A Hjorth, J Nugent, P Castro-Tirado, AJ Ceron, JMC Rhoads, J Bersier, D Burud, I TI A possible bright blue supernova in the afterglow of GRB 020305 SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE gamma rays : bursts; techniques : photometric ID GAMMA-RAY BURST; OPTICAL AFTERGLOW; UBVRI PHOTOMETRY; SN 1998BW; 1ST MONTH; SPECTROSCOPY; IINSN1998S; COLORS; 2002AP; LIGHT AB We report on ground- based and HST(+ STIS) imaging of the afterglow and host galaxy of the Gamma- Ray Burst ( GRB) of March 5, 2002. The GRB occurred in a R = 25.17 +/- 0.14 galaxy, which apparently is part of an interacting system. The lightcurve of the optical afterglow shows a rebrightening, or at least a plateau, 12 - 16 days after the gamma- ray event. UBVRIK ' multi- band imaging of the afterglow similar to 12 days after the GRB reveals a blue spectral energy distribution ( SED). The SED is consistent with a power- law with a spectral index of beta = - 0.63 +/- 0.16, but there is tentative evidence for deviations away from a power- law. Unfortunately, a spectroscopic redshift has not been secured for GRB 020305. From the SED we impose a redshift upper limit of z less than or similar to 2.8, hence excluding the pseudo redshift of 4.6 reported for this burst. We discuss the possibilities for explaining the lightcurve, SED and host galaxy properties for GRB 020305. The most natural interpretation of the lightcurve and the SED is an associated supernova ( SN). Our data can not precisely determine the redshift of the GRB. The most favoured explanation is a low redshift ( z similar to 0.2) SN, but a higher redshift ( z greater than or similar to 0.5) SN can not be excluded. We also discuss less likely scenarios not based on SNe, like a burst occurring in a z = 2.5 galaxy with an extinction curve similar to that of the MilkyWay. C1 CSIC, IAA, Granada 18080, Spain. Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Copenhagen 2100 0, Denmark. Univ Leicester, Dept Phys & Astron, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Gorosabel, J (reprint author), CSIC, IAA, POB 03004, Granada 18080, Spain. EM jgu@iaa.es RI Fynbo, Johan/L-8496-2014; Hjorth, Jens/M-5787-2014; OI Fynbo, Johan/0000-0002-8149-8298; Hjorth, Jens/0000-0002-4571-2306; Castro-Tirado, A. J./0000-0003-2999-3563 NR 60 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU E D P SCIENCES PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 437 IS 2 BP 411 EP 418 DI 10.1051/0004-6361:20052783 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 938CV UT WOS:000229978400006 ER PT J AU Nobil, S Amanullah, R Garavini, G Goobar, A Lidman, C Stanishev, V Aldering, G Antilogus, P Astier, P Burns, MS Conley, A Deustua, SE Ellis, R Fabbro, S Fadeyev, V Folatelli, G Gibbons, R Goldhaber, G Groom, DE Hook, I Howell, DA Kim, AG Knop, RA Nugent, PE Pain, R Perlmutter, S Quimby, R Raux, J Regnault, N Ruiz-Lapuente, P Sainton, G Schahmaneche, K Smith, E Spadafora, AL Thomas, RC Wang, L AF Nobil, S Amanullah, R Garavini, G Goobar, A Lidman, C Stanishev, V Aldering, G Antilogus, P Astier, P Burns, MS Conley, A Deustua, SE Ellis, R Fabbro, S Fadeyev, V Folatelli, G Gibbons, R Goldhaber, G Groom, DE Hook, I Howell, DA Kim, AG Knop, RA Nugent, PE Pain, R Perlmutter, S Quimby, R Raux, J Regnault, N Ruiz-Lapuente, P Sainton, G Schahmaneche, K Smith, E Spadafora, AL Thomas, RC Wang, L CA Supernova Cosmology Project TI Restframe I-band Hubble diagram for type Ia supernovae up to redshift z similar to 0.5 SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE cosmology : observations; stars : supernovae : general ID BVRI LIGHT CURVES; COSMOLOGICAL PARAMETERS; ACCELERATING UNIVERSE; SPACE-TELESCOPE; CLUSTER SURVEY; HOST GALAXY; B-BAND; CONSTRAINTS; EXTINCTION; PHOTOMETRY AB We present a novel technique for fitting restframe I-band light curves on a data set of 42 type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia). Using the result of the fit, we construct a Hubble diagram with 26 SNe from the subset at 0.01 < z < 0.1. Adding two SNe at z similar to 0.5 yields results consistent with a flat Lambda-dominated "concordance universe" (Omega(M), Omega(Lambda)) = (0.25, 0.75). For one of these, SN 2000fr, new near infrared data are presented. The high redshift supernova NIR data are also used to test for systematic effects in the use of SNe Ia as distance estimators. A flat, Lambda = 0, universe where the faintness of supernovae at z similar to 0.5 is due to grey dust homogeneously distributed in the intergalactic medium is disfavoured based on the high-z Hubble diagram using this small data-set. However, the uncertainties are large and no firm conclusion may be drawn. We explore the possibility of setting limits on intergalactic dust based on B-I and B-V colour measurements, and conclude that about 20 well measured SNe are needed to give statistically significant results. We also show that the high redshift restframe I-band data points are better fit by light curve templates that show a prominent second peak, suggesting that they are not intrinsically underluminous. C1 Univ Paris 06, CNRS, LPNHE, IN2P3, Paris, France. Univ Paris 07, CNRS, IN2P3, LPNHE, Paris, France. Univ Stockholm, Dept Phys, Albanova Univ Ctr, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. European So Observ, Santiago 19, Chile. EO Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Colorado Coll, Colorado Springs, CO 80903 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Amer Astron Soc, Washington, DC 20009 USA. CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. CENTRA Ctr M Astrofis, Lisbon, Portugal. IST, Dept Phys, Lisbon, Portugal. Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Nucl & Astrophys Lab, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37240 USA. Univ Barcelona, Dept Astron, Barcelona, Spain. RP Nobil, S (reprint author), Univ Paris 06, CNRS, LPNHE, IN2P3, Paris, France. EM serena@lpnhep.in2p3.fr RI Folatelli, Gaston/A-4484-2011; Stanishev, Vallery/M-8930-2013; Perlmutter, Saul/I-3505-2015 OI Stanishev, Vallery/0000-0002-7626-1181; Perlmutter, Saul/0000-0002-4436-4661 NR 68 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 1 PU E D P SCIENCES PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 437 IS 3 BP 789 EP U2 DI 10.1051/0004-6361:20042463 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 941JC UT WOS:000230210100007 ER PT J AU Urrutia, T Lacy, M Gregg, MD Becker, RH AF Urrutia, T Lacy, M Gregg, MD Becker, RH TI Chandra observations of 12 luminous red quasars SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies : active; quasars : general; X-rays : galaxies ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; ABSORPTION-LINE QUASARS; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; DEEP FIELD-SOUTH; X-RAY PROPERTIES; REDDENED QUASARS; STELLAR OBJECTS; POPULATION; SPECTRA; ULTRAVIOLET AB We present results of a study of 12 dust-reddened quasars with 0.4 < z < 2.21 and reddenings in the range 0.15 < E(B-V) < 1.7. We obtained ACIS-S X-ray spectra of these quasars, estimated the column densities toward them, and hence obtained the gas: dust ratios in the material obscuring the quasar. We detect all but one of the red quasars in the X-rays. Even though there is no obvious correlation between the X-ray-determined column densities of our sources and their optical color or reddening, all of the sources show absorbed X-ray spectra. When we correct the luminosity for absorption, they can be placed among luminous quasars; therefore, our objects belong to the group of high-luminosity analogs of the sources contributing to the X-ray background seen in deep X-ray observations. Such sources are also found in serendipitous shallow X-ray surveys. There is a hint that the mean spectral slope of the red quasar is higher than that of normal, unobscured quasars, which could be an indication for higher accretion rates and/or an evolutionary effect. We investigate the number density of these sources compared to type 2 AGNs based on the X-ray background and estimate how many moderate-luminosity red quasars may be found in deep X-ray fields. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. CALTECH, Spitzer Sci Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP Urrutia, T (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM urrutia@physics.ucdavis.edu; mlacy@ipac.caltech.edu; gregg@igpp.ucllnl.org; bob@igpp.ucllnl.org OI Urrutia, Tanya/0000-0001-6746-9936 NR 47 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 1 PY 2005 VL 627 IS 1 BP 75 EP 82 DI 10.1086/430165 PN 1 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 939PZ UT WOS:000230086200006 ER PT J AU Fortney, JJ Marley, MS Lodders, K Saumon, D Freedman, R AF Fortney, JJ Marley, MS Lodders, K Saumon, D Freedman, R TI Comparative planetary atmospheres: Models of TrES-1 and HD 209458B SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE binaries : eclipsing; planetary systems; radiative transfer; stars : individual (TrES-1, HD 209458) ID EXTRASOLAR GIANT PLANETS; HD 209458B; TRANSITING PLANET; THERMAL STRUCTURE; BROWN DWARFS; GLIESE 229B; CHEMISTRY; STAR; PREDICTIONS; ABUNDANCES AB We present new self-consistent atmosphere models for the transiting planets TrES-1 and HD 209458b. The planets were recently observed with the Spitzer Space Telescope in bands centered on 4.5 and 8.0 mu m, for TrES-1, and 24 mu m, for HD 209458b. We find that standard solar-metallicity models fit the observations for HD 209458b. For TrES-1, which has a T-eff similar to 300 K cooler, we find that models with a metallicity 3-5 times enhanced over solar abundances can match the 1 sigma error bar at 4.5 mu m and 2 sigma at 8.0 mu m. Models with solar abundances that include energy deposition into the stratosphere give fluxes that fall within the 2 sigma error bars in both bands. The best-fit models for both planets assume that reradiation of absorbed stellar flux occurs over the entire planet. For all models of both planets, we predict planet-to-star flux ratios in other Spitzer bandpasses. C1 NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Space Sci & Astrobiol Div, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. Washington Univ, Planetary Chem Lab, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. SETI Inst, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA. RP Fortney, JJ (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Space Sci & Astrobiol Div, MS 245-3, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. EM jfortney@arc.nasa.gov RI Marley, Mark/I-4704-2013; OI Fortney, Jonathan/0000-0002-9843-4354 NR 46 TC 132 Z9 133 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 1 PY 2005 VL 627 IS 1 BP L69 EP L72 DI 10.1086/431952 PN 2 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 939QC UT WOS:000230086500018 ER PT J AU Wozniak, PR Vestrand, WT Wren, JA White, RR Evans, SM Casperson, D AF Wozniak, PR Vestrand, WT Wren, JA White, RR Evans, SM Casperson, D TI Raptor observations of the early optical afterglow from GRB 050319 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmology : observations; gamma rays : bursts; shock waves ID GAMMA-RAY BURST; ROBOTIC TELESCOPE; EMISSION; SYSTEM; GRB-021211; RADIATION; FLASH; SKY AB The RAPid Telescopes for Optical Response (RAPTOR) system at Los Alamos National Laboratory observed GRB 050319 starting 25.4 s after gamma-ray emission triggered the Burst Alert Telescope (BAT) on board the Swift satellite. Our well-sampled light curve of the early optical afterglow is composed of 32 points (derived from 70 exposures) that measure the flux decay during the first hour after the GRB. The GRB 050319 light curve measured by RAPTOR can be described as a relatively gradual flux decline (power-law index alpha = -0.38) with a transition, at about similar to 400 s after the GRB, to a faster flux decay (alpha = -0.91). The addition of other available measurements to the RAPTOR light curve suggests that another emission component emerged after similar to 10(4) s. We hypothesize that the early afterglow emission is powered by extended energy injection or delayed reverse-shock emission followed by the emergence of forward-shock emission. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Wren, JA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS D466, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM jwren@lanl.gov; rwhite@lanl.gov; dcasperson@lanl.gov OI Evans, Stuart/0000-0002-1873-0752 NR 38 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 1 PY 2005 VL 627 IS 1 BP L13 EP L16 DI 10.1086/431975 PN 2 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 939QC UT WOS:000230086500004 ER PT J AU Yi, W Wu, XL Lee, TH Doggett, NA Her, CT AF Yi, W Wu, XL Lee, TH Doggett, NA Her, CT TI Two variants of MutS homolog hMSH5: Prevalence in humans and effects on protein interaction SO BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE hMSH5; hMSH4; MUtS homolog; DNA mismatch repair; alternative splicing ID CEREVISIAE MSH5 GENE; DNA MISMATCH REPAIR; ALKYLATION TOLERANCE; MEIOSIS; INSTABILITY; CLONING AB MSH5 is known to play functional roles in an array of cellular processes such as DNA damage response and meiotic homologous recombination. Here, we report the characterization of an hMSH5 splicing variant (hMSH5sv) that resulted from the retention of the last 51 bp of hMSH5 intron 6, in which the encoded 17-amino acid insertion between codons 179 and 180 does not compromise its capability to interact with hMSH4. We have also identified an hMSH5 polymorphism (C84T) that altered codon 29 of the hMSH5 gene resulting in a proline-to-serine change (P29S). The interaction domains of hMSH4 and hMSH5 have also been resolved. The P29S alteration is located within the interacting domain and leads to a weakened protein interaction with hMSH4. Together, our present study revealed the existence of two forms of hMSH5 variants in human cells. The different properties associated with these two hMSH5 variants underscore the potential functional diversity of the human hMSH5 gene. (C) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Washington State Univ, Sch Mol Biosci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Washington State Univ, Ctr Reprod Biol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Her, CT (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Sch Mol Biosci, POB 644660, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM cher@wsu.edu FU NCI NIH HHS [CA101796] NR 16 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0006-291X J9 BIOCHEM BIOPH RES CO JI Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. PD JUL 1 PY 2005 VL 332 IS 2 BP 524 EP 532 DI 10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.04.154 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 932RY UT WOS:000229572300031 PM 15907804 ER PT J AU Krutz, LJ Beyrouty, CA Gentry, TJ Wolf, DC Reynolds, CM AF Krutz, LJ Beyrouty, CA Gentry, TJ Wolf, DC Reynolds, CM TI Selective enrichment of a pyrene degrader population and enhanced pyrene degradation in Bermuda grass rhizosphere SO BIOLOGY AND FERTILITY OF SOILS LA English DT Article DE pyrene; phytoremediation; rhizosphere; Cynodon dactylon; degrader population; biodegradation ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; PROBABLE-NUMBER PROCEDURE; MICROBIAL-POPULATIONS; SOIL SAMPLES; PHYTOREMEDIATION; MINERALIZATION; MICROORGANISMS; ATRAZINE; DISSIPATION; PAHS AB Rhizosphere soil has a more diverse and active microbial community compared to nonvegetated soil. Consequently, the rhizosphere pyrene degrader population (PDP) and pyrene degradation may be enhanced compared to nonvegetated bulk soil (NVB). The objectives of this growth chamber study were to compare ( 1) Bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon cv. Guymon) growth in pyrene- contaminated and noncontaminated soils and ( 2) pyrene degradation and PDP among NVB, Bermuda grass bulk ( BB), and Bermuda grass rhizosphere soil ( BR). Soils were amended with pyrene at 0 and 500 mg kg(-1), seeded with Bermuda grass, and thinned to two plants per pot 14 days after planting (DAP). Pyrene degradation was evaluated over 63 days. The PDP was enumerated via a most probable number (MPN) procedure at 63 DAP. Bermuda grass root growth was more sensitive to pyrene contamination than shoot growth. Pyrene degradation followed first-order kinetics. Pyrene degradation was significantly greater in BR compared to BB and NVB with rate constants of 0.082, 0.050, and 0.052 day(-1), respectively. The PDPs were 8.01, 7.30, and 6.83 log(10) MPN g(-1) dry soil for BR, BB, and NVB, respectively. The largest PDP was in soil with the most rapid pyrene degradation. These results indicate that Bermuda grass can grow in pyrene-contaminated soil and enhance pyrene degradation through a rhizosphere effect. C1 ARS, USDA, SWSRU, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. USACE Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Purdue Univ, Dept Agron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Univ Arkansas, Dept Crop & Soil Environm Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. RP Krutz, LJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, SWSRU, POB 350, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM jkrutz@ars.usda.gov NR 54 TC 22 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0178-2762 J9 BIOL FERT SOILS JI Biol. Fertil. Soils PD JUL PY 2005 VL 41 IS 5 BP 359 EP 364 DI 10.1007/s00374-005-0844-9 PG 6 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 931UT UT WOS:000229511700008 ER PT J AU Moran-Mirabal, JM Edel, JB Meyer, GD Throckmorton, D Singh, AK Craighead, HG AF Moran-Mirabal, JM Edel, JB Meyer, GD Throckmorton, D Singh, AK Craighead, HG TI Micrometer-sized supported lipid bilayer arrays for bacterial toxin binding studies through total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SURFACE-PLASMON RESONANCE; CHOLERA-TOXIN; GANGLIOSIDE; MEMBRANES; CHOLESTEROL; SPECIFICITY; MICROARRAYS; RECEPTORS; KINETICS; AFFINITY AB In this article, we present the use of micron-sized lipid domains, patterned onto planar substrates and within microfluidic channels, to assay the binding of bacterial toxins via total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy. The lipid domains were patterned using a polymer lift-off technique and consisted of ganglioside-populated distearoylphosphatidylcholine: cholesterol supported lipid bilayers (SLBs). Lipid patterns were formed on the substrates by vesicle fusion followed by polymer lift-off, which revealed micron-sized SLBs containing either ganglioside G(T1b) or G(M1). The ganglioside-populated SLB arrays were then exposed to either cholera toxin B subunit or tetanus toxin C fragment. Binding was assayed on planar substrates by total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy down to 100 M concentration for cholera toxin subunit B and 10 nM for tetanus toxin fragment C. Apparent binding constants extracted from three different models applied to the binding curves suggest that binding of a protein to a lipid-based receptor is influenced by the microenvironment of the SLB and the substrate on which the bilayer is formed. Patterning of SLBs inside microfluidic channels also allowed the preparation of lipid domains with different compositions on a single device. Arrays within microfluidic channels were used to achieve segregation and selective binding from a binary mixture of the toxin fragments in one device. The binding and segregation within the microfluidic channels was assayed with epifluorescence as proof of concept. We propose that the method used for patterning the lipid microarrays on planar substrates and within microfluidic channels can be easily adapted to proteins or nucleic acids and can be used for biosensor applications and cell stimulation assays under different flow conditions. C1 Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA USA. RP Moran-Mirabal, JM (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM hgc1@cornell.edu RI Edel, Joshua/A-4148-2008; Moran-Mirabal, Jose/B-6908-2008; Edel, Joshua/I-7699-2012; Moran-Mirabal, Jose/K-8888-2012 OI Moran-Mirabal, Jose/0000-0002-4811-3085; Edel, Joshua/0000-0001-5870-8659; NR 35 TC 61 Z9 62 U1 3 U2 16 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 BP 296 EP 305 DI 10.1529/biophysj.104.054346 PG 10 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 939ZX UT WOS:000230114500032 PM 15833994 ER PT J AU Bowen, ME Weninger, K Ernst, J Chu, S Brunger, AT AF Bowen, ME Weninger, K Ernst, J Chu, S Brunger, AT TI Single-molecule studies of synaptotagmin and complexin binding to the SNARE complex SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID RESONANCE ENERGY-TRANSFER; MEMBRANE-FUSION; C2B DOMAIN; 3-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURE; PHOSPHOLIPID-BINDING; SPECTROSCOPIC RULER; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; PLASMA-MEMBRANE; C-2 DOMAIN; T-SNARE AB The assembly of multiprotein complexes at the membrane interface governs many signaling processes in cells. However, very few methods exist for obtaining biophysical information about protein complex formation at the membrane. We used single molecule fluorescence resonance energy transfer to study complexin and synaptotagmin interactions with the SNARE complex in deposited lipid bilayers. Using total internal reflectance microscopy, individual binding events at the membrane could be resolved despite an excess of unbound protein in solution. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)-efficiency derived distances for the complexin-SNARE interaction were consistent with the crystal structure of the complexin-SNARE complex. The unstructured N-terminal region of complexin showed broad distributions of FRET efficiencies to the SNARE complex, suggesting that information on conformational variability can be obtained from FRET efficiency distributions. The low-affinity interaction of synaptotagmin with the SNARE complex changed dramatically upon addition of Ca2+ with high FRET efficiency interactions appearing between the C2B domain and linker domains of synaptotagmin and the membrane proximal portion of the SNARE complex. These results demonstrate that single molecule FRET can be used as a "spectroscopic ruler'' to simultaneously gain structural and kinetic information about transient multiprotein complexes at the membrane interface. C1 Stanford Univ, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Cellular & Mol Physiol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Neurol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Neurol Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Chu, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,Mail Stop 50A-4119, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM schu@lbl.gov; brunger@stanford.edu OI Brunger, Axel/0000-0001-5121-2036 FU NIMH NIH HHS [R01 MH063105, R01-MH63105-01] NR 73 TC 68 Z9 69 U1 1 U2 9 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 BP 690 EP 702 DI 10.1529/biophysj.104.054064 PG 13 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 939ZX UT WOS:000230114500067 PM 15821166 ER PT J AU McClendon, S Vu, DM Clinch, K Callender, R Dyer, RB AF McClendon, S Vu, DM Clinch, K Callender, R Dyer, RB TI Structural transformations in the dynamics of Michaelis complex formation in lactate dehydrogenase SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB The dynamical nature of the binding of a substrate surrogate to lactate dehydrogenase is examined on the nanoseconds to milliseconds timescale by laser-induced temperature-jump relaxation spectroscopy. Fluorescence emission of the nicotinamide group of bound NADH is used to defi the pathway and kinetics of substrate binding. Assignment of specific kinetic states and elucidation of their structures are accomplished using isotope edited infrared absorption spectroscopy. Such studies are poised to yield a detailed picture of the coupling of protein dynamics to function. C1 Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Biochem, Bronx, NY 10461 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Ind Res Ltd, Lower Hutt, New Zealand. RP Dyer, RB (reprint author), Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Biochem, Bronx, NY 10461 USA. EM bdyer@lanl.gov FU NIBIB NIH HHS [R01 EB001958, EB01958]; NIGMS NIH HHS [R01 GM053640, P01 GM068036, GM068036] NR 6 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 4 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 BP L7 EP L9 DI 10.1529/biophysj.105.064675 PG 3 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 939ZX UT WOS:000230114500003 PM 15879476 ER PT J AU Kim, KH Tucker, M Nguyen, Q AF Kim, KH Tucker, M Nguyen, Q TI Conversion of bark-rich biomass mixture into fermentable sugar by two-stage dilute acid-catalyzed hydrolysis SO BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE two-stage dilute acid-catalyzed hydrolysis; bark; sawmill residues; Hemlock; softwood; biomass; pretreatment; sugar ID SULFURIC-ACID; COUNTERCURRENT EXTRACTION; ENZYMATIC-HYDROLYSIS; PRETREATMENT; SOFTWOODS; HEMICELLULOSE; EXPLOSION AB Despite high availability and low cost, bark has not actively been considered as a biomass feedstock for producing bio-based products due to its high content of extractives and lignin. In this study, to investigate the feasibility of utilizing bark-rich sawmill residues for producing value-added materials, the mixed Hemlock hog fuel/pin chips (85:15 by dry weight) from a local sawmill were converted into fermentable sugar by two-staige dilute sulfuric acid-catalyzed hydrolysis. Combining the sugar yields from the first-stage (190 degrees C for 150 s with 1.1% acid) and second-stage (210 degrees C for 115 s with 2.5% acid) hydrolyses, which aimed to maximize the recovery of mannose/galactose and glucose, respectively, 13.6 g of glucose (46% theoretical maximum), 10.5 g of mannose and galactose (98% theoretical maximum), and 2.8 g of xylose (85% theoretical maximum) were obtained per. 100 g of the original dry feedstock. (c) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Korea Univ, Coll Life & Environm Sci, Div Food Sci, Seoul 136713, South Korea. Biotechnol Div Fuels & Chem, Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Kim, KH (reprint author), Korea Univ, Coll Life & Environm Sci, Div Food Sci, Seoul 136713, South Korea. EM khekim@korea.ac.kr RI Kim, Kyoung Heon/F-1059-2013 OI Kim, Kyoung Heon/0000-0003-4600-8668 NR 21 TC 40 Z9 44 U1 2 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0960-8524 J9 BIORESOURCE TECHNOL JI Bioresour. Technol. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 96 IS 11 BP 1249 EP 1255 DI 10.1016/j.biortech.2004.10.017 PG 7 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA 907UG UT WOS:000227742900007 PM 15734312 ER PT J AU Rogers, YC Munk, AC Meincke, LJ Han, CS AF Rogers, YC Munk, AC Meincke, LJ Han, CS TI Closing bacterial genomic sequence gaps with adaptor-PCR SO BIOTECHNIQUES LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; AMPLIFICATION; DNA; ADJACENT; WALKING; PRIMER; LOCUS C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Joint Genome Inst, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Han, CS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Joint Genome Inst, Mail Stop M888, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM han_cliff@lanl.gov NR 11 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU EATON PUBLISHING CO PI WESTBOROUGH PA ONE RESEARCH DRIVE, SUITE 400A, PO BOX 1070, WESTBOROUGH, MA 01581-6070 USA SN 0736-6205 J9 BIOTECHNIQUES JI Biotechniques PD JUL PY 2005 VL 39 IS 1 BP 31 EP + DI 10.2144/05391BM01 PG 3 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 946PI UT WOS:000230584100007 PM 16060365 ER PT J AU Gavin, IM Kukhtin, A Glesne, D Schabacker, D Chandler, DP AF Gavin, IM Kukhtin, A Glesne, D Schabacker, D Chandler, DP TI Analysis of protein interaction and function with a 3-dimensional MALDI-MS protein array SO BIOTECHNIQUES LA English DT Article ID RESONANCE MASS-SPECTROMETRY; TRYPSIN-INHIBITOR; MICROARRAYS; MICROCHIPS; PROTEOMICS; COMPLEX; TECHNOLOGY AB Protein profiling and characterization of protein interactions in biological samples ultimately require indicator-free methods of signal detection, which likewise offer an opportunity to distinguish specific interactions from nonspecific protein binding. Here we describe a new 3-dimensional protein microchip for detecting biomolecular interactions with matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS); the microchip comprises a high-density array of methacrylate polymer elements containing immobilized proteins as capture molecules and directly interfaces with a commercially available mass spectrometer. We demonstrated the performance of the chip in three types of experiments by detecting antibody-antigen interactions, enzymatic activity, and enzyme-inhibitor interactions. MALDI-MS biochip-based tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) immunoassays demonstrated the feasibility of detecting antigens in complex biological samples by identifying molecular masses of bound proteins even at high nonspecific protein binding. By detecting model interactions of trypsin with trypsin inhibitors, we showed that the protein binding capacity of methacrylate polymer elements and the sensitivity of MALDI-MS detection of proteins bound to these elements surpassed that of other 2- and 3-dimensional substrates tested. Immobilized trypsin retained functional (enzymatic) activity within the protein microchip and the specificity of macromolecular interactions even in complex biological samples. We believe that the underlying technology should therefore be extensible to whole-proteome protein expression profiling and interaction mapping. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Biochip Technol Ctr, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Gavin, IM (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Biochip Technol Ctr, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM igavin@anl.gov NR 31 TC 23 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 5 PU EATON PUBLISHING CO PI WESTBOROUGH PA ONE RESEARCH DRIVE, SUITE 400A, PO BOX 1070, WESTBOROUGH, MA 01581-6070 USA SN 0736-6205 J9 BIOTECHNIQUES JI Biotechniques PD JUL PY 2005 VL 39 IS 1 BP 99 EP 107 DI 10.2144/05391RR02 PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 946PI UT WOS:000230584100017 PM 16060374 ER PT J AU Heidbreder, CA Gardner, EL Xi, ZX Thanos, PK Mugnaini, M Hagan, JJ Ashby, CR AF Heidbreder, CA Gardner, EL Xi, ZX Thanos, PK Mugnaini, M Hagan, JJ Ashby, CR TI The role of central dopamine D-3 receptors in drug addiction: a review of pharmacological evidence SO BRAIN RESEARCH REVIEWS LA English DT Review DE addiction; brain stimulation reward; conditioned place preference; dopamine D-3 receptors; SB-2770111-A; self-administration ID COCAINE-SEEKING BEHAVIOR; CONDITIONED PLACE PREFERENCE; NUCLEUS-ACCUMBENS CORE; STRESS-INDUCED RELAPSE; DISCRIMINATIVE STIMULUS PROPERTIES; CORTICOTROPIN-RELEASING-FACTOR; FREELY MOVING RATS; H-3 QUINPIROLE BINDING; POSTSESSION INTRAAMYGDALA NAFADOTRIDE; INTRACRANIAL SELF-STIMULATION AB The cfYNA for the doparnine D-3 receptor was isolated and characterized in 1990. Subsequent studies have indicated that D3 receptors, as well as D-3 receptor mRNA, are primarily localized in limbic regions in mammals. This finding led to the postulate that D3 receptors may be involved in drug dependence and addiction. However, this hypothesis has been difficult to test due to the lack of compounds with high selectivity for central D-3 receptors. The interpretation of results from studies using mixed D-2/D-3 agonists and/or antagonists is problematic because these agents have low selectivity for D-3 over D-2 receptors and it is likely that their actions are primarily related to D-2 receptor antagonism and possibly interaction with other neurotransmitter receptors. Currently, with the synthesis and characterization of new highly selective D-3 receptor antagonists such as SB-277011-A this difficulty has been surmounted. The purpose of the present article is to review, for the first time, the effects of various putative D-3 receptor selective compounds in animal models of drug dependence and addiction. The results obtained with highly selective D-3 receptor antagonists such as SB-277011-A, SB-414796, and NGB-2904 indicate that central D-3 receptors may play an important role in drug-induced reward, drug-taking, and cue-, drug-, and stress-induced reinstatement of drug-seeking behavior. Provided these results can be extrapolated to human drug addicts, they suggest that selective DA D-3 receptor antagonists may prove effective as potential pharmacotherapeutic agents to manage drug dependence and addiction. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 St Johns Univ, Coll Pharm & Allied Hlth Profess, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Jamaica, NY 11439 USA. GlaxoSmithKline Pharmaceut, Ctr Excellence Drug Discovery Psychiat, I-37135 Verona, Italy. Natl Inst Drug Abuse, Intramural Res Program, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Ashby, CR (reprint author), St Johns Univ, Coll Pharm & Allied Hlth Profess, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, 8000 Utopia Pkwy, Jamaica, NY 11439 USA. EM crashby@ix.netcom.com FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z99 DA999999] NR 315 TC 191 Z9 195 U1 2 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-0173 J9 BRAIN RES REV JI Brain Res. Rev. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 49 IS 1 BP 77 EP 105 DI 10.1016/j.brainresrev.2004.12.033 PG 29 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 945XX UT WOS:000230537400005 PM 15960988 ER PT J AU Di Mascio, M Percus, JK Percus, OE Markowitz, M Ho, DD Perelson, AS AF Di Mascio, M Percus, JK Percus, OE Markowitz, M Ho, DD Perelson, AS TI Duration of an intermittent episode of viremia SO BULLETIN OF MATHEMATICAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY AB HIV-1 infected patients after being treated with potent combinations of antiretroviral drugs for 2-6 months typically reach a state in which virus can no longer be detected within their blood. These patients with undetectable virus occasionally have viral load measurements that are above the limit of detection of current assays. Such measurements are called blips. Here we examine the possibility that such blips represent infrequent measurements taken during a period of time in which there is a transient elevation of virus in the patient's blood, i.e., a so-called transient episode of viremia. By analyzing time series of blips from a large number of patients, we conclude that transient episodes of viremia exist and that on average they extend for a period of about 3 weeks. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Society for Mathematical Biology. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NYU, Courant Inst Math Sci, New York, NY 10012 USA. Rockefeller Univ, Aaron Diamond AIDS Res Ctr, New York, NY 10016 USA. RP Perelson, AS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, MS K710, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM asp@lanl.gov FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR06555, RR00102]; NIAID NIH HHS [AI40387, AI41534, AI47033, AI28433] NR 6 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0092-8240 J9 B MATH BIOL JI Bull. Math. Biol. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 67 IS 4 BP 885 EP 900 DI 10.1016/j.bulm.2004.11.003 PG 16 WC Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA 932BI UT WOS:000229528800012 PM 15893558 ER PT J AU Gonzales, AD Light, YK Zhang, ZD Iqbal, T Lane, TW Martino, A AF Gonzales, AD Light, YK Zhang, ZD Iqbal, T Lane, TW Martino, A TI Proteomic analysis of the CO2-concentrating mechanism in the open-ocean cyanobacterium Synechococcus WH8102 SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE BOTANIQUE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Symposium on Inorganic Carbon Utilization by Aquatic Photosynthetic Organisms CY AUG 24-28, 2004 CL St Sauveur, CANADA SP Univ Toronto, Dept Bot, Univ Toronto, Dept Biol, Canadian Soc Plant Physiologists DE proteomics; CO2-concentrating mechanism; carboxysome; cyanobacteria; Synechococcus ID CO2 CONCENTRATING MECHANISMS; INORGANIC CARBON LIMITATION; THIOBACILLUS-NEAPOLITANUS; BICARBONATE TRANSPORTER; CARBOXYSOME SHELL; SP PCC7942; NORTH-SEA; MARINE; GENE; PROCHLOROCOCCUS AB The open-ocean cyanobacterium Synechococcus WH8102 has recently been sequenced, making high-throughput mass spectrometry(MS)-based proteomics studies possible. Here, we used 1D and 2D gel electrophoresis, matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization - time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) MS, and two-hybrid analysis to study the composition and protein interactions within the carboxysome, a protein-rich polyhedral body involved in the CO2-concentrating mechanism. We identified the Rubisco large and small subunits and CsoS1 and CsoS2 in the carboxysome-rich particulate fraction and thus conclude the proteins were solely associated with the carboxysome. We also determined that the carboxysome fraction contained numerous membrane-associated proteins, consistent with the presence of membrane contamination. Two-hybrid analysis indicated that CsoS2 and OrfA strongly interacted. They formed dimers and interacted with each other. To our knowledge, this is the first indication of OrfA being biochemically linked to the carboxysome. The epsilon-class carbonic anhydrase CsoS3 did not interact with other carboxysome components in a binary manner. CsoS3 may not interact, or it may only bind, in fully formed multiprotein complexes. Finally, growth rates and protein expression were unchanged between 100 and 750 mu L center dot L-1 CO2. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Biosyst Res Dept, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Martino, A (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Biomol & Chem Anal Dept, POB 5800,MS0886, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM martino@sandia.gov OI Lane, Todd/0000-0002-5816-2649 NR 40 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 6 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0008-4026 J9 CAN J BOT JI Can. J. Bot.-Rev. Can. Bot. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 83 IS 7 BP 735 EP 745 DI 10.1139/B05-056 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 965XY UT WOS:000231985400006 ER PT J AU Deng, ZQ Guensch, GR McKinstry, CA Mueller, RP Dauble, DD Richmond, MC AF Deng, ZQ Guensch, GR McKinstry, CA Mueller, RP Dauble, DD Richmond, MC TI Evaluation of fish-injury mechanisms during exposure to turbulent shear flow SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID PASSAGE SURVIVAL; COLUMBIA RIVER; TURBINES; EFFICIENCY; WATER; DAM AB Understanding the factors that injure or kill turbine-passed fish is important to the operation and design of the turbines. Motion-tracking analysis was performed on high-speed, high-resolution digital videos of juvenile salmonids exposed to a laboratory-generated shear environment to isolate injury mechanisms. Hatchery-reared fall chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, 93-128 mm in length) were introduced into a submerged, 6.35-cm-diameter water jet at velocities ranging from 12.2 to 19.8 m center dot s(-1), with a reference control group released at 3 m center dot s(-1). Injuries typical of turbine-passed fish were observed and recorded. Three-dimensional trajectories were generated for four locations on each fish released. Time series of velocity, acceleration, force, jerk, and bending angle were computed from the three-dimensional trajectories. The onset of minor, major, and fatal injuries occurred at nozzle velocities of 12.2, 13.7, and 16.8 m center dot s(-1), respectively. Opercle injuries occurred at 12.2 m center dot s(-1) nozzle velocity, while eye injuries, bruising, and loss of equilibrium were common at velocities of 16.8 m center dot s(-1) and above. Of the computed dynamic parameters, acceleration showed the strongest predictive power for eye and opercle injuries and overall injury level, and it may provide the best potential link between laboratory studies of fish injury, field studies designed to collect similar data in situ, and numerical modeling. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Balance Hydrol Inc, Berkeley, CA 94710 USA. RP Deng, ZQ (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM zhiqun.deng@pnl.gov RI Richmond, Marshall/D-3915-2013; Deng, Daniel/A-9536-2011 OI Richmond, Marshall/0000-0003-0111-1485; Deng, Daniel/0000-0002-8300-8766 NR 29 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 2 U2 7 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0706-652X J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 62 IS 7 BP 1513 EP 1522 DI 10.1139/F05-091 PG 10 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 960NB UT WOS:000231599300004 ER PT J AU Perry, LL Bright, NG Carroll, RJ Scott, MC Allen, MS Applegate, BM AF Perry, LL Bright, NG Carroll, RJ Scott, MC Allen, MS Applegate, BM TI Molecular characterization of autoinduction of bioluminescence in the Microtox (R) indicator strain Vibrio fischeri ATCC 49387 SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE quorum sensing; bioluminescence; Vibrio fischeri ID L-HOMOSERINE LACTONE; LIGHT ORGAN; GENE-EXPRESSION; BACTERIAL BIOLUMINESCENCE; TRANSCRIPTIONAL ACTIVATOR; STRUCTURAL IDENTIFICATION; PHOTOBACTERIUM-FISCHERI; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; LUXR; LUMINESCENCE AB Repeated attempts to clone the luxI from Vibrio fischeri ATCC 49387 failed to produce a clone carrying a functional LuxI. Sequence data from the clones revealed the presence of a polymorphism when compared with previously published luxI sequences, prompting further characterization of bioluminescence regulation in V. fischeri ATCC 49387. Further investigation of V. fischeri ATCC 49387 revealed that its LuxI protein lacks detectable LuxI activity due to the presence of a glutamine residue at position 125 in the deduced amino acid sequence. Specific bioluminescence in V. fischeri ATCC 49387 increases with increasing cell density, indicative of a typical autoinduction response. However, conditioned medium from this strain does not induce bioluminescence in an ATCC 49387 luxR-plux-based acyl homoserine lactone reporter strain, but does induce bioluminescence in ATCC 49387. It has been previously shown that a V. fischeri MJ-1 luxI mutant exhibits autoinduction of bioluminescence through N-octanoyl-L-homoserine lactone, the product of the AinS autoinducer synthase. However, a bioreporter based on luxR-plux from V. fischeri ATCC 49387 responded poorly to conditioned medium from V. fischeri ATCC 49387 and also responded poorly to authentic N-octanoyl-DL-homoserine lactone. A similar MJ-1-based bioreporter showed significant induction under the same conditions. A putative ainS gene cloned from ATCC 49387, unlike luxI from ATCC 49387, expresses V. fischeri autoinducer synthase activity in Escherichia coli. This study suggests that a regulatory mechanism independent of LuxR and LuxI but possibly involving AinS is responsible for the control of autoinduction of bioluminescence in V. fischeri ATCC 49387. C1 Purdue Univ, Dept Food Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, MENT Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Applegate, BM (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Food Sci, 745 Agr Mall Dr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM applegate@foodsci.purdue.edu NR 37 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0008-4166 J9 CAN J MICROBIOL JI Can. J. Microbiol. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 51 IS 7 BP 549 EP 557 DI 10.1139/W05-019 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology; Microbiology GA 965YB UT WOS:000231985700004 PM 16175203 ER PT J AU Wu, XX Radovic, LR AF Wu, XX Radovic, LR TI Inhibition of catalytic oxidation of carbon/carbon composites by boron-doping SO CARBON LA English DT Article DE carbon/carbon composites; boron-doping; catalyst; oxidation; X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; reactivity ID CARBON-CARBON COMPOSITES; FIBER MICROSTRUCTURE; SUBSTITUTIONAL BORON; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; OXYGEN REACTION; GRAPHITE; BEHAVIOR; OXIDE; GRAPHITIZATION; TEMPERATURE AB The inhibition effect of high temperature boron-doping on the catalytic oxidation of carbon/carbon composites was investigated. Boron-doping at 2500 degrees C was found to improve the oxidation resistance of catalyst-loaded composites. Evident inhibition mechanisms include the reduction of active site number by increasing the crystallite size and the site blockage by formed boron oxide. Boron-doping at less than 1.0 wt.% was found to almost completely suppress the catalytic effect of calcium acetate after a slight carbon conversion. This inhibition effect was much less significant in the case of potassium-catalyzed oxidation where only a slight inhibition effect was observed. This is believed to be the essential result of the unique properties of potassium catalyst. Due to its wetting ability and mobility, potassium catalyst could form and maintain good interfacial contact with any exposed carbon surface regions. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Penn State Univ, Dept Energy & Geoenvironm Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Wu, XX (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Carbon Mat & Technol Grp, POB 2008,1 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM wux@ornl.gov RI Radovic, Ljubisa/B-3306-2012 NR 39 TC 29 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 30 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0008-6223 J9 CARBON JI Carbon PD JUL PY 2005 VL 43 IS 8 BP 1768 EP 1777 DI 10.1016/j.carbon.2005.02.029 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 938FX UT WOS:000229986400021 ER PT J AU Gu, XH Zhang, J Dong, JH Nenoff, TM AF Gu, XH Zhang, J Dong, JH Nenoff, TM TI A platinum-cobalt-loaded NaY zeolite membrane for nonoxidative conversion of methane to higher hydrocarbons and hydrogen SO CATALYSIS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Pt-Co/NaY; catalytic membrane; methane; nonoxidative conversion; single-step ID BIMETALLIC CATALYSTS; REACTION SEQUENCE; 2-STEP REACTION AB Platinum - Cobalt- loaded NaY zeolite ( Pt - Co/ NaY) membranes were synthesized for continuous, single- step nonoxidative conversion of methane to higher hydrocarbons ( C2+) and hydrogen. During isothermal operation at 300 degrees C, CH4. owed on the feed side of the membrane whilst H-2. owed through the sweep side of the membrane. The C2+ products formed continuously on the H-2 sweep side. The results indicate that the Pt - Co/ NaY catalytic membrane can overcome the two- step limitation for nonoxidative CH4 conversion. C1 New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, PRRC, Engn Dept Petr & Chem, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Dong, JH (reprint author), New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, PRRC, Engn Dept Petr & Chem, 801 Leroy Pl, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. EM jhdong@nmt.edu NR 15 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 16 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1011-372X J9 CATAL LETT JI Catal. Lett. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 102 IS 1-2 BP 9 EP 13 DI 10.1007/s10562-005-5196-4 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 936RE UT WOS:000229872300002 ER PT J AU Coons, J Halley, P McGlashan, S Tran-Cong, T AF Coons, J Halley, P McGlashan, S Tran-Cong, T TI Bounding the stability and rupture condition of emulsion and foam films SO CHEMICAL ENGINEERING RESEARCH & DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th World Congress of Chemical Engineering CY JUL 10-14, 2005 CL Glasgow, SCOTLAND DE thin films; stability; critical thickness; spontaneous rupture; scaling law ID THIN LIQUID-FILMS; CRITICAL THICKNESS; DRAINAGE AB A scaling law is presented that provides a complete solution to the equations bounding the stability and rupture of thin films. The scaling law depends on the fundamental physicochemical properties of the film and interface to calculate bounds for the critical thickness and other key film thicknesses, the relevant waveforms associated with instability and rupture, and film lifetimes. Critical thicknesses calculated from the scaling law are shown to bound the values reported in the literature for numerous emulsion and foam films. The majority of critical thickness values are between 15 to 40% lower than the upper bound critical thickness provided by the scaling law. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Engn Sci & Applicat Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Queensland, Dept Chem Engn, St Lucia, Qld, Australia. Univ So Queensland, Fac Engn & Surveying, Toowoomba, Qld 4350, Australia. RP Coons, J (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Engn Sci & Applicat Div, POB 1663,MSC930, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM jimc@lanl.gov RI Tran-Cong, Thanh/G-1077-2010; Coons, Jim/G-5159-2011; Halley, Peter/F-8435-2014; OI Tran-Cong, Thanh/0000-0002-7919-1879; Halley, Peter/0000-0001-8014-6613; Coons, Jim/0000-0003-1392-298X NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU INST CHEMICAL ENGINEERS PI RUGBY PA 165-189 RAILWAY TERRACE, DAVIS BLDG, RUGBY CV21 3HQ, ENGLAND SN 0263-8762 J9 CHEM ENG RES DES JI Chem. Eng. Res. Des. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 83 IS A7 BP 915 EP 925 DI 10.1205/cherd.04346 PG 11 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 948EA UT WOS:000230697600022 ER PT J AU Woods, JB Beach, DB Nygren, CL Xue, ZL AF Woods, JB Beach, DB Nygren, CL Xue, ZL TI CVD of titanium oxide thin films from the reaction of tetrakis(dimethylamido)titanium with oxygen SO CHEMICAL VAPOR DEPOSITION LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; ATOMIC LAYER DEPOSITION; GATE DIELECTRICS; ZIRCONIUM; HAFNIUM; MOCVD; PRECURSORS; GROWTH; COMPLEXES; DIOXIDE C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Woods, JB (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM beachdb@ornl.gov; xue@novell.chem.utk.edu NR 31 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0948-1907 J9 CHEM VAPOR DEPOS JI Chem. Vapor Depos. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 11 IS 6-7 BP 289 EP 291 DI 10.1002/cvde.200504205 PG 3 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 951AT UT WOS:000230901800002 ER PT J AU Manne, AS Richels, RG Edmonds, JA AF Manne, AS Richels, RG Edmonds, JA TI Market exchange rates or purchasing power parity: Does the choice make a difference to the climate debate? SO CLIMATIC CHANGE LA English DT Article AB Critics of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's Special Report on Emission Scenarios claim that the use of market exchange rates (MER) rather than purchasing power parity (PPP) to measure gross domestic product (GDP) has led to a significant upward bias in projections of greenhouse gas emissions, and hence unrealistically high future temperature. Rather than revisit the debate on the choice of exchange rates, we address a much simpler question: when it comes to temperature change, how much does it matter if potential GDP is expressed in MER rather than PPP? Employing a computable general equilibrium model designed to examine a variety of issues in the climate debate, we find that there is a difference, but that it is only minor. C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EPRI, Palo Alto, CA USA. PNNL, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Manne, AS (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM rrichels@epri.com NR 8 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-0009 J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE JI Clim. Change PD JUL PY 2005 VL 71 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 8 DI 10.1007/s10584-005-0470-4 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 955IJ UT WOS:000231219300001 ER PT J AU Katta, VR Blevins, LG Roquemore, WM AF Katta, VR Blevins, LG Roquemore, WM TI Dynamics of an inverse diffusion flame and its role in polycyclic-aromatic-hydrocarbon and soot formation SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME LA English DT Article DE inverse diffusion flame; soot; PAH; flicker; soot inception; benzene ID PARTICLES; GROWTH; COMBUSTION; TRANSPORT; MODELS AB Residence time and thermo-chemical environment are important factors in the soot-formation process in flames. Recent studies have revealed that the soot generated in an inverse diffusion flame (IDF) is not fully carbonized as it is in a normal diffusion flame. For understanding the chemical and physical structure of the partially carbonized soot formed in inverse diffusion flames, knowledge of the flow dynamics of these flames is required. A time-dependent, detailed-chemistry computational-fluid-dynamics (CID) model is developed for simulation of an ethylene-air inverse jet-diffusion flame that has been studied experimentally. Steady-state simulations show that all of the polycyclic-aromatic-hydrocarbon (PAH) species are produced outside the flame surface on the fuel side. Unsteady simulations reveal that buoyancy-induced vortices establish outside the flame because of the low fuel jet velocity (similar to 40 cm/s) employed. These vortices in inverse diffusion flames, as opposed to those in normal diffusion flames, appear primarily in the exhaust jet. The advection of these vortices at 17.2 Hz increases mixing and causes PAH species to be more uniformly distributed in downstream locations. While the concentrations of rapidly formed radical and product species are not altered appreciably by the flame oscillation, concentrations of certain slowly formed PAH species are significantly changed. The dynamics of 20-nm tracer particles injected from the 1200 K fuel-side contour line suggest that soot particles are reheated and cooled alternately while being entrained into and advected by the buoyancy-induced vortices. This flow pattern could explain the experimentally observed large size and slight carbonization of IDF soot particles. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of The Combustion Institute. C1 Innovat Sci Solut Inc, Dayton, OH 45440 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Prop Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Katta, VR (reprint author), Innovat Sci Solut Inc, 2766 Indian Ripple Rd, Dayton, OH 45440 USA. EM vrkatta@erinet.com NR 32 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0010-2180 J9 COMBUST FLAME JI Combust. Flame PD JUL PY 2005 VL 142 IS 1-2 BP 33 EP 51 DI 10.1016/j.combustflame.2005.02.006 PG 19 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 936SC UT WOS:000229874700004 ER PT J AU Grayson, KL Cook, LW Todd, MJ Pierce, D Hopkins, WA Gatten, RE Dorcas, ME AF Grayson, KL Cook, LW Todd, MJ Pierce, D Hopkins, WA Gatten, RE Dorcas, ME TI Effects of prey type on specific dynamic action, growth, and mass conversion efficiencies in the horned frog, Ceratophrys cranwelli SO COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY A-MOLECULAR & INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE amphibian; Ceratophrys cranwelli; diet; mass conversion efficiency; oxygen consumption; prey type; specific dynamic action ID STANDARD METABOLIC-RATE; MEAL SIZE; POSTPRANDIAL METABOLISM; OXYGEN-CONSUMPTION; PYTHON-MOLURUS; BUFO-MARINUS; BODY-SIZE; TEMPERATURE; ENERGETICS; TOAD AB To be most energetically profitable, predators should ingest prey with the maximal nutritional benefit while minimizing the cost of processing. Therefore, when determining the quality of prey items, both the cost of processing and nutritional content must be considered. Specific dynamic :action (SDA), the increase in metabolic rate associated with feeding in animals, is a significant processing cost that represents the total cost of digestion and assimilation of nutrients from prey. We examined the effects of an invertebrate diet (earthworms) and a vertebrate diet (newborn mice) on mass conversion efficiencies, growth, and SDA in the Chacoan horned frog, Ceratophrys cranwelli. We found the earthworm diet to be significantly lower in lipid, protein, and energy content when compared to the diet of newborn mice. Growth and mass conversion efficiencies were significantly higher in frogs fed newborn mice. However, mean SDA did not differ between frogs fed the two diets, a finding that contradicts many studies that indicate SDA increases with the protein content of the meal. Together, our results indicate that future studies evaluating the effect of meal type on bioenergetics of herpetofauna are warranted and may provide significant insight into the underlying factors driving SDA. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Davidson Coll, Dept Biol, Davidson, NC 28035 USA. Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. Univ N Carolina, Dept Biol, Greensboro, NC 27402 USA. RP Grayson, KL (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Dept Biol, Gilmer Hall 243, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. EM krgrayson@virginia.edu NR 45 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1095-6433 J9 COMP BIOCHEM PHYS A JI Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A-Mol. Integr. Physiol. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 141 IS 3 BP 298 EP 304 DI 10.1016/j.cbpb.2005.05.052 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Physiology; Zoology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Physiology; Zoology GA 956XC UT WOS:000231332400006 PM 15985380 ER PT J AU Isenburg, M Lindstrom, P Snoeyink, J AF Isenburg, M Lindstrom, P Snoeyink, J TI Lossless compression of predicted floating-point geometry SO COMPUTER-AIDED DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International CAD Conference and Exhibition CY MAY 24-28, 2004 CL THAILAND DE mesh compression; geometry coding; lossless; floating-point ID MESHES AB The size of geometric data sets in scientific and industrial applications is constantly increasing. Storing surface or volume meshes in standard uncompressed formats results in large files that are expensive to store and slow to load and transmit. Scientists and engineers often refrain from using mesh compression because currently available schemes modify the mesh data. While connectivity is encoded in a lossless manner, the floating-point coordinates associated with the vertices are quantized onto a uniform integer grid to enable efficient predictive compression. Although a fine enough grid can usually represent the data with sufficient precision, the original floating-point values will change, regardless of grid resolution. In this paper we describe a method for compressing floating-point coordinates with predictive coding in a completely lossless manner. The initial quantization step is omitted and predictions are calculated in floating-point. The predicted and the actual floating-point values are broken up into sign, exponent, and mantissa and their corrections are compressed separately with context-based arithmetic coding. As the quality of the predictions varies with the exponent, we use the exponent to switch between different arithmetic contexts. We report compression results using the popular parallelogram predictor, but our approach will work with any prediction scheme. The achieved bit-rates for lossless floating-point compression nicely complement those resulting from uniformly quantizing with different precisions. (c) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ N Carolina, Coll Arts & Sci, Dept Comp Sci, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Univ N Carolina, Coll Arts & Sci, Dept Comp Sci, Campus Box 3175,Sitterson Hall, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM isenburg@cs.unc.edu OI Snoeyink, Jack/0000-0002-3887-4008; Lindstrom, Peter/0000-0003-3817-4199 NR 25 TC 37 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0010-4485 EI 1879-2685 J9 COMPUT AIDED DESIGN JI Comput.-Aided Des. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 37 IS 8 BP 869 EP 877 DI 10.1016/j.cad.2004.09.015 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA 915RV UT WOS:000228322600010 ER PT J AU Neaton, JB Khoo, KH Spataru, CD Louie, SG AF Neaton, JB Khoo, KH Spataru, CD Louie, SG TI Electron transport and optical properties of carbon nanostructures from first principles SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Europhysics Conference on Computational Physics CY SEP 01-04, 2004 CL Genoa, ITALY DE first-principles density functional theory; nonequilibrium electron transport; many-body Green's functions; GW approximation; Bethe-Salpeter equation; carbon nanotubes; atomic wires ID QUASI-PARTICLE ENERGIES; ATOM WIRES; NANOTUBES; SPECTRA; CONDUCTANCE; RESISTANCE; GAS AB Recent developments in ab initio studies of the nonlinear electron transport and optical properties of nanostructures are discussed. As examples of applications, results are presented for carbon atomic wires and single-walled carbon nanotubes. For the carbon atomic wires, strong nonlinearities in the I-V characteristics and conductance are obtained, and the role of interface chemistry and lead composition is demonstrated to be extremely important in determining its transport properties. For single-walled carbon nanotubes, explicit treatment of many-electron interactions shows that excitonic effects are dominant in these quasi-one dimensional systems and thus essential to explain the observed optical absorption spectra. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mol Foundry, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mol Foundry, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM sglouie@berkeley.edu RI Khoo, Khoong Hong/G-3983-2012; Neaton, Jeffrey/F-8578-2015 OI Khoo, Khoong Hong/0000-0002-4628-1202; Neaton, Jeffrey/0000-0001-7585-6135 NR 27 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-4655 EI 1879-2944 J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN JI Comput. Phys. Commun. PD JUL 1 PY 2005 VL 169 IS 1-3 BP 1 EP 8 DI 10.1016/j.cpc.2005.03.003 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 945UQ UT WOS:000230528100002 ER PT J AU Raty, JY Galli, G AF Raty, JY Galli, G TI First principle study of nanodiamond optical and electronic properties SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Europhysics Conference on Computational Physics CY SEP 01-04, 2004 CL Genoa, ITALY DE nanodiamond; ab initio; optical proper-ties; fullerene ID DIAMOND; MODEL AB Nanometer sized diamond has been found in meteorites, proto-planetary nebulae and interstellar dusts, as well as in residues of detonation and in diamond films. Remarkably, the size distribution of diamond nanoparticles appears to be peaked around 2-5 nm, and to be largely independent of preparation conditions. Using ab-initio calculations, we have shown that in this size range nanodiamond has a fullerene-like surface and, unlike silicon and germanium, exhibits very weak quantum confinement effects. We called these carbon nanoparticles bucky-diamonds: their atomic structure, predicted by simulations, is consistent with many experimental findings. In addition, we carried out calculations of the stability of nanodiamond, which provided a unifying explanation of its size distribution in extra-terrestrial samples, and in ultra-nano crystalline diamond (UNCD) films. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Liege, Dept Phys, B-4000 Sart Tilman Par Liege, Belgium. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Univ Liege, Dept Phys, B-4000 Sart Tilman Par Liege, Belgium. EM jyraty@ulg.ac.be NR 14 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-4655 EI 1879-2944 J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN JI Comput. Phys. Commun. PD JUL 1 PY 2005 VL 169 IS 1-3 BP 14 EP 19 DI 10.1016/j.cpc.2005.03.005 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 945UQ UT WOS:000230528100004 ER PT J AU Kremer, K Sukumaran, SK Everaers, R Grest, GS AF Kremer, K Sukumaran, SK Everaers, R Grest, GS TI Entangled polymer systems SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Europhysics Conference on Computational Physics CY SEP 01-04, 2004 CL Genoa, ITALY DE molecular dynamics; polymers; reptation; tube model; primitive path analysis; elastic modulus; structure property relations ID CHAIN DIMENSIONS; MELTS; DYNAMICS; LENGTH; SIMULATIONS; REPTATION; POLYETHYLENE; LIQUIDS; PACKING; NETWORK AB Topological constraints, referred to as entanglements in the literature, dominate the viscoelastic behavior of high molecular weight polymeric liquids. To give a microscopic foundation of the phenomenological tube models which successfully describe this behavior, we have recently introduced a method for identifying the so-called primitive path mesh that characterizes the microscopic topological state of (computer generated) conformations of long-chain polymer networks, melts and solutions. Here we give a short account of this approach and discuss some applications. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V All rights reserved. C1 Max Planck Inst Polymer Res, D-55021 Mainz, Germany. Max Planck Inst Phys Komplexer Syst, Dresden, Germany. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Max Planck Inst Polymer Res, Postfach 3148, D-55021 Mainz, Germany. EM kremer@mpip-mainz.mpg.de; physks@leeds.ac.uk; everaers@mpipks-dresden.mpg.de; gsgrest@sandia.gov RI Kremer, Kurt/G-5652-2011; Everaers, Ralf/K-2228-2013; Umlauf, Ursula/D-3356-2014; MPIP, Theory/I-9884-2014 OI Everaers, Ralf/0000-0002-6843-2753; NR 33 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 35 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-4655 EI 1879-2944 J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN JI Comput. Phys. Commun. PD JUL 1 PY 2005 VL 169 IS 1-3 BP 75 EP 81 DI 10.1016/j.cpc.2005.03.019 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 945UQ UT WOS:000230528100018 ER PT J AU Damjanovic, A Garcia-Moreno, B Lattman, EE Garcia, AE AF Damjanovic, A Garcia-Moreno, B Lattman, EE Garcia, AE TI Molecular dynamics study of hydration of the protein interior SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Europhysics Conference on Compuitational Physics CY SEP 01-04, 2004 CL Genova, ITALY DE staphylococcal nuclease; internal ionizable residues; water ID WATER PENETRATION AB Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were performed to study the patterns of hydration of cavities in the interior of staphylococcal nuclease (SN) and of the variants V66E and V66K. In these variants the polar groups of Glu and Lys are internal, and they affect the polarity and size of a small internal cavity. Internal water molecules were identified in the simulations based on their coordination state. They were characterized in terms of their residence times, average locations, dipole moment fluctuations, hydrogen bonding interactions, and interaction energies. The best agreement in the locations of MD and crystallographically determined water molecules was found for molecules that have residence times of several ns, and which display small mean square displacements in the MID simulations. In the simulations the hydrophobic cavity near Val-66 in the wild type contains a relatively disordered water molecule that has never been seen crystallographically. Consideration of the protein dynamics was found to be important when studying hydration in the protein interior: inside the protein the interaction energies of water molecules fluctuate less than in bulk water, giving rise to a favorable contribution to the chemical potential. The analysis of the MD trajectories revealed that the fluctuations in the protein structure (especially the loop elements) can strongly influence protein hydration by changing the patterns or strengths of hydrogen bonding interactions between water molecules and the protein, or by providing potential energy barriers for water penetration. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biophys, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Damjanovic, A (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biophys, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM adamjan1@jhu.edu NR 8 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-4655 J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN JI Comput. Phys. Commun. PD JUL 1 PY 2005 VL 169 IS 1-3 BP 126 EP 129 DI 10.1016/j.cpc.2005.03.030 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 945UQ UT WOS:000230528100029 ER PT J AU McGrath, MJ Siepmann, JI Kuo, IFW Mundy, CJ VandeVondele, J Sprik, M Hutter, E Mohamed, F Krack, M Parrinello, M AF McGrath, MJ Siepmann, JI Kuo, IFW Mundy, CJ VandeVondele, J Sprik, M Hutter, E Mohamed, F Krack, M Parrinello, M TI Toward a Monte Carlo program for simulating vapor-liquid phase equilibria from first principles SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Europhysics Conference on Computational Physics CY SEP 01-04, 2004 CL Genoa, ITALY DE Gibbs ensemble Monte Carlo; density functional theory; water ID INITIO MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; GENERALIZED GRADIENT APPROXIMATION; SPACE GAUSSIAN PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; GIBBS ENSEMBLE; FORCE-FIELDS; COMPUTER-SIMULATIONS; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; WATER; SCHEME AB Efficient Monte Carlo algorithms are combined with the Quickstep energy routines of CP2K to develop a program that allows for Monte Carlo simulations in the canonical, isobaric-isothermal, and Gibbs ensembles using a first principles description of the physical system. Configurational-bias Monte Carlo techniques and pre-biasing using an inexpensive approximate potential are employed to increase the sampling efficiency and to reduce the frequency of expensive ab initio energy evaluations. The new Monte Carlo program has been validated through extensive comparison with molecular dynamics simulations using the programs CPMD and CP2K. Preliminary results for the vapor-liquid coexistence properties (T = 473 K) of water using the Becke-Lee-Yang-Parr exchange and correlation energy functionals, a triple-zeta valence basis set augmented with two sets of d-type or p-type polarization functions, and Goedecker-Teter-Hutter pseudopotentials are presented. The preliminary results indicate that this description of water leads to an underestimation of the saturated liquid density and heat of vaporization and, correspondingly, an overestimation of the saturated vapor pressure. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Univ Minnesota, Dept Chem & Chem Engn, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Univ Minnesota, Dept Mat Sci, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Cambridge, Dept Chem, Cambridge CB2 1EW, England. Univ Zurich, Inst Phys Chem, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland. Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Chem Phys Lab, CH-6904 Lugano, Switzerland. RP Univ Minnesota, Dept Chem & Chem Engn, 207 Pleasant St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. EM siepmann@chem.umn.edu RI VandeVondele, Joost/L-6420-2013; Krack, Matthias/D-1802-2009 OI VandeVondele, Joost/0000-0002-0902-5111; Krack, Matthias/0000-0002-2082-7027 NR 42 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 6 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-4655 EI 1879-2944 J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN JI Comput. Phys. Commun. PD JUL 1 PY 2005 VL 169 IS 1-3 BP 289 EP 294 DI 10.1016/j.cpc.2005.03.065 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 945UQ UT WOS:000230528100063 ER PT J AU Canning, A Raczkowski, D AF Canning, A Raczkowski, D TI Scaling first-principles plane-wave codes to thousands of processors SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Europhysics Conference on Computational Physics CY SEP 01-04, 2004 CL Genoa, ITALY DE electronic structure; density functional theory; parallelization ID TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS AB We present some novel computational methods for scaling up first-principles plane-wave based codes to thousands of processors avoiding communication and latency bottlenecks. This allows our code to scale to more processors and larger systems than previous plane-wave codes that are typically limited in scaling to a few hundred processors. We present performance data for the plane-wave pseudopotential code PARATEC (PARAllel Total Energy Code) on the IBM SP, Cray X1, NEC SX6 Earth Simulator in Japan and the SGI Altix. This data shows how plane-wave codes can be scaled to the teraflop regime even though they require global communications on parallel machines. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 CRD, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP CRD, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM acanning@lbl.gov NR 10 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-4655 EI 1879-2944 J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN JI Comput. Phys. Commun. PD JUL 1 PY 2005 VL 169 IS 1-3 BP 449 EP 453 DI 10.1016/j.cpc.2005.03.099 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 945UQ UT WOS:000230528100097 ER PT J AU Da Re, RE Hopkins, MD AF Da Re, RE Hopkins, MD TI Electronic spectroscopy and photophysics of metal-alkylidyne complexes SO COORDINATION CHEMISTRY REVIEWS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th International Symposium on Photochemistry and Photophysics of Coordination Compounds CY JUL 04-09, 2004 CL Hong Kong, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Royal Soc Chem, Amer Chem Soc, Univ Hong Kong, Elsevier Sci Publishers, Jobin Yvon Inc, Croucher Fdn, Mainland, Young Res Asia & Abroad DE excited state; luminescence; emission lifetime; quantum yield; spin-orbit coupling ID TUNGSTEN-BENZYLIDYNE COMPLEXES; EXCITED-STATE PROPERTIES; CARBYNE COMPLEXES; PHOTOREDOX PROPERTIES; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES; FLUID SOLUTION; DONOR LIGANDS; OXO COMPLEXES; TRIPLE BOND; MOLYBDENUM AB The electronic-absorption and -emission spectroscopy and photophysical properties of metal-alkylidyne (-carbyne) complexes are reviewed. Emission has been observed in fluid solution at room temperature from compounds of a variety of different metals (Mo, W, Re, Os) and electron configurations (d(0), d(1), d(2)). The emissive excited states are of the types d(xy) -> pi*, pi -> pi*, pi -> d(xy), and MLCT. This compositional and electronic diversity enables the luminescence properties of metal-alkylidyne complexes to be broadly tuned. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Chicago, Dept Chem, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Struct & Isotope Chem Grp, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Hopkins, MD (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Dept Chem, 5735 E Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. EM mhopkins@uchicago.edu NR 40 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0010-8545 J9 COORDIN CHEM REV JI Coord. Chem. Rev. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 249 IS 13-14 BP 1396 EP 1409 DI 10.1016/j.ccr.2005.03.011 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 957UK UT WOS:000231398600011 ER PT J AU Lister, TE Mizia, RE Pinhero, PJ Trowbridge, TL Delezene-Briggs, K AF Lister, TE Mizia, RE Pinhero, PJ Trowbridge, TL Delezene-Briggs, K TI Studies of the corrosion properties of Ni-Cr-Mo-Gd neutron-absorbing alloys SO CORROSION LA English DT Article DE alloy composition; corrosion rate; gadolinium; localized corrosion; neutron-absorbing material; nickel-based alloy; temperature; Yucca Mountain Repository ID STAINLESS-STEEL; MOLYBDENUM; WASTE AB The corrosion properties of Ni-Cr-Mo-Gd alloys that are being developed for use as a neutron-absorbing structural material were examined. The corrosion work was part of a larger alloy development program. The corrosion properties were examined by both electrochemical and longer-term immersion testing in standard test solutions and in simulated solutions used in corrosion testing by the Yucca Mountain Project. The addition of Gd to a Ni-Cr-Mo alloy results in the formation of a gadolinide (Ni5Gd) secondary phase. This phase was observed to preferentially dissolve under electrochemical testing at anodic potentials. The reaction appears to be mostly limited to the secondary phase exposed to the surface. A brief comparison with another neutron-absorbing alloy, borated stainless steel, is made. C1 Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID USA. ASTM Int, W Conshohocken, PA 19428 USA. ASME Int, New York, NY 10016 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Lehigh Univ, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. RP Lister, TE (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID USA. EM tedd.lister@inl.gov NR 23 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU NATL ASSN CORROSION ENG PI HOUSTON PA 1440 SOUTH CREEK DRIVE, HOUSTON, TX 77084-4906 USA SN 0010-9312 J9 CORROSION JI Corrosion PD JUL PY 2005 VL 61 IS 7 BP 706 EP 717 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 945IB UT WOS:000230495100008 ER PT J AU Belharouak, I Amine, K AF Belharouak, I Amine, K TI New active titanium oxyphosphate material for lithium batteries SO ELECTROCHEMISTRY COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE lithium batteries; Ni0.5TiOPO4; oxyphosphate ID ELECTRODE MATERIALS; PHOSPHATES; LIFEPO4 AB Ni0.5TiOPO4 oxyphosphate has been identified in the (NiO-TiO2-P2O5) ternary diagram as a new insertion compound for lithium batteries. The 3-dimensional structure of this material consists of corner sharing octahedra [TiO6], isolated [PO4] tetrahedra, and [NiO6] octahedra located between the titanium chains. The material also contains octahedral vacant sites that constitute favorable sites for lithium insertion. The Ni0.5TiOPO4 electrode intercalates three lithium atoms during the first discharge with an equivalent specific capacity of 415 mAh/g. The cell based on this new cathode material operates at 1.8 V vs. metallic lithium and exhibits low area specific impedance values. The large observed capacity and the fairly good cycling characteristics of the cell based on this new cathode material make this system an excellent system for applications that require low voltage and high energy density. (C) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem Engn, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Belharouak, I (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem Engn, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM belharouak@cmt.anl.gov RI Amine, Khalil/K-9344-2013; OI Belharouak, Ilias/0000-0002-3985-0278 NR 11 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1388-2481 J9 ELECTROCHEM COMMUN JI Electrochem. Commun. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 7 IS 7 BP 648 EP 651 DI 10.1016/j.elecom.2005.04.014 PG 4 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA 941YZ UT WOS:000230251400002 ER PT J AU Amine, K Liu, J Belharouak, I AF Amine, K Liu, J Belharouak, I TI High-temperature storage and cycling of C-LiFePO4/graphite Li-ion cells SO ELECTROCHEMISTRY COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Li-ion battery; olivine; LiFePO4; lithium bis-oxalatoborate; high-temperature ID BATTERIES; LIFEPO4; LIBOB; IRON AB The high-temperature storage and cycling characteristics of prismatic Li-ion cells with carbon-coated LiFePO4 cathodes, MCMB graphite anodes and a LiPF6/EC-DEC electrolyte were investigated. The cells showed a significant capacity fade when cycled at 37 and 55 degrees C. Li-Sn reference electrode studies indicated that the interfacial impedance of the graphite electrode increased significantly during high-temperature cycling. Carbon-coated LiFePO4 electrodes were found to release iron ions into the electrolyte when aged at these temperatures; EDAX analyses confirmed the presence of iron at the surface of the graphite electrodes. The observed impedance rise of the graphite electrodes and the consequent capacity fade of the cells were attributed to the formation of interfacial films that were produced on the graphite electrodes as a result of possible catalytic effects of the metallic iron particles. The cycling stability of the cells was improved significantly when the LiPF6 electrolyte salt was replaced with the lithium bis-oxalatoborate LiB(C2O4)(2) salt. (C) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem Engn, Electrochem Technol Program, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Amine, K (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem Engn, Electrochem Technol Program, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM amine@cmt.anl.gov RI Amine, Khalil/K-9344-2013; OI Belharouak, Ilias/0000-0002-3985-0278 NR 14 TC 200 Z9 225 U1 11 U2 159 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1388-2481 J9 ELECTROCHEM COMMUN JI Electrochem. Commun. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 7 IS 7 BP 669 EP 673 DI 10.1016/j.elecom.2005.04.018 PG 5 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA 941YZ UT WOS:000230251400006 ER PT J AU Schad, M Lipton, MS Giavalisco, P Smith, RD Kehr, J AF Schad, M Lipton, MS Giavalisco, P Smith, RD Kehr, J TI Evaluation of two-dimensional electrophoresis and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry for tissue-specific protein profiling of laser-microdissected plant samples SO ELECTROPHORESIS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd Symposium on Bioanalysis CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2005 CL Munich, GERMANY DE capillary liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry; laser microdissection; pressure catapulting; mass spectrometry; proteomics; SEQUEST; shotgun peptide sequencing; two-dimensional electrophoresis ID PARAFFIN-EMBEDDED TISSUES; CELL MICROARRAY ANALYSIS; CAPTURE MICRODISSECTION; GENE-EXPRESSION; PROTEOMIC ANALYSIS; MESSENGER-RNA; YEAST PROTEOME; DYNAMIC-RANGE; BRAIN SAMPLES; IN-VIVO AB Laser microdissection (LM) allows the collection of homogeneous tissue- and cell-specific plant samples. The employment of this technique with subsequent protein analysis has thus far not been reported for plant tissues, probably due to the difficulties associated with defining a reasonable cellular morphology and, in parallel, allowing efficient protein extraction from tissue samples. The relatively large sample amount needed for successful proteome analysis is an additional issue that complicates protein profiling on a tissue- or even cell-specific level. In contrast to transcript profiling that can be performed from very small sample amounts due to efficient amplification strategies, there is as yet no amplification procedure for proteins available. In the current study, we compared different tissue preparation techniques prior to LM/laser pressure catapulting (LMPC) with respect to their suitability for protein retrieval. Cryosectioning was identified as the best compromise between tissue morphology and effective protein extraction. After collection of vascular bundles from Arabidopsis thaliana stem tissue by LMPC, proteins were extracted and subjected to protein analysis, either by classical two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE), or by high-efficiency liquid chromatography (LC) in conjunction with tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). Our results demonstrate that both methods can be used with LMPC collected plant material. But because of the significantly lower sample amount required for LC-MS/MS than for 2-DE, the combination of LMPC and L.C-MS/MS has a higher potential to promote comprehensive proteome analysis of specific plant tissues. C1 Max Planck Inst Mol Physiol, Dept Willmitzer, D-14424 Potsdam, Germany. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA USA. RP Kehr, J (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Mol Physiol, Dept Willmitzer, D-14424 Potsdam, Germany. EM kehr@mpimp-golm.mpg.de RI Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012 OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349 NR 50 TC 49 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 10 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0173-0835 J9 ELECTROPHORESIS JI Electrophoresis PD JUL PY 2005 VL 26 IS 14 BP 2729 EP 2738 DI 10.1002/elps.200410399 PG 10 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 952UT UT WOS:000231031700007 PM 15971193 ER PT J AU Myers, DR AF Myers, DR TI Solar radiation modeling and measurements for renewable energy applications: data and model quality SO ENERGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st Internationa Conference on Measurement and Modelling of Solar Radiation and Daylight CY SEP 15-16, 2003 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND ID IRRADIANCE; DIFFUSE; UNCERTAINTY; SURFACE AB Measurement and modeling of broadband and spectral terrestrial solar radiation is important for the evaluation and deployment of solar renewable energy systems. We discuss recent developments in the calibration of broadband solar radiometric instrumentation and improving broadband solar radiation measurement accuracy. An improved diffuse sky reference and radiometer calibration and characterization software for outdoor pyranometer calibrations are outlined. Several broadband solar radiation model approaches, including some developed at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, for estimating direct beam, total hemispherical and diffuse sky radiation are briefly reviewed. The latter include the Bird clear sky model for global, direct beam, and diffuse terrestrial solar radiation; the Direct Insolation Simulation Code (DISC) for estimating direct beam radiation from global measurements; and the MET-STAT (Meteorological and Statistical) and Climatological Solar Radiation (CSR) models that estimate solar radiation from meteorological data. We conclude that currently the best model uncertainties are representative of the uncertainty in measured data. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Myers, DR (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM daryl_myers@nrel.gov NR 40 TC 64 Z9 64 U1 1 U2 17 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0360-5442 J9 ENERGY JI Energy PD JUL PY 2005 VL 30 IS 9 BP 1517 EP 1531 DI 10.1016/j.energy.2004.04.034 PG 15 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels GA 929SO UT WOS:000229366400003 ER PT J AU Mills, E Sartor, D AF Mills, E Sartor, D TI Energy use and savings potential for laboratory fume hoods SO ENERGY LA English DT Article ID BENEFITS AB Fume hoods-small but essential safety devices used in laboratory environments-are highly energy-intensive, each one consuming more energy than three homes in an average U.S. climate. Increasing airflow rates in an effort to enhance safety not only elevates energy use but can in fact compromise safety by causing dangerous turbulence that can foil containment. New design strategies have been demonstrated to reduce energy use by 75%, while maintaining or enhancing safety. The energy savings potential for these hoods across the United States is $1.5 billion annually. If incorporated in new laboratory construction, high-performance fume hoods can also yield substantial first-cost savings by allowing downsizing of heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning infrastructure. However, there are material hurdles to widespread adoption of new fume hood technologies. The problems reside in regulations and standards that stipulate absolute airflow rates, rather than direct metrics of containment and safety. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Energy Anal Dept, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Mills, E (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Energy Anal Dept, 1 Cyclotron Rd,Mailstop 90-4000, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM emills@lbl.gov NR 8 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0360-5442 J9 ENERGY JI Energy PD JUL PY 2005 VL 30 IS 10 BP 1859 EP 1864 DI 10.1016/j.energy.2004.11.008 PG 6 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels GA 927BQ UT WOS:000229167800012 ER PT J AU Lin, J AF Lin, J TI A light diet for a giant appetite: An assessment of China's fluorescent lamp standard SO ENERGY LA English DT Article AB Lighting has been one of the fastest growing electric end uses in China over the last 20 years, with an average annual growth rate of 14%. Fluorescent lighting provides a significant portion of China's lighting needs. In 1998, China produced 680 million fluorescent lamps, of which 420 million were linear fluorescent lamps of various diameters (T8-T12). There are substantial variations both in energy efficiency and lighting performance among locally produced fluorescent lamps. Such variations present a perfect opportunity for policy intervention through energy efficiency standards to promote the adoption of more efficient fluorescent lamps in China. This paper analyzes China's 2003 minimum efficiency standard for linear fluorescent lamps and presents an assessment of its likely impacts on China's lighting energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. © 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Lin, J (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, MS 90-4000,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM j_lin@lbl.gov NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0360-5442 J9 ENERGY JI Energy PD JUL PY 2005 VL 30 IS 10 BP 1873 EP 1887 DI 10.1016/j.energy.2004.09.008 PG 15 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels GA 927BQ UT WOS:000229167800014 ER PT J AU Link, DD Baltrus, JP Zandhuis, P Hreha, DC AF Link, DD Baltrus, JP Zandhuis, P Hreha, DC TI Extraction, separation, and identification of polar oxygen species in jet fuel SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article ID CHROMATOGRAPHY; OXIDATION; ADDITIVES; LUBRICITY; DEPOSITS; ALCOHOLS AB Polar species in jet fuel, such as phenols, may be responsible for a number of performance characteristics of the fuel. However, because they are present at trace levels in fuels, the isolation and detection of these species is difficult. This work describes the development of a simple extraction method using methanol to remove polar phenolic components from petroleum-derived fuels. The method uses the affinity for polar components in the fuel, such as phenols, to partition into methanol, facilitating their removal by typical liquid-liquid extraction protocols. The method is amenable to large fuel sample volumes, thus minimizing limitations encountered with trace oxygenate concentrations, and has proven to be efficient for the removal of many oxygen-containing compounds, including alcohols, carboxylic acids, and phenols from fuel matrixes. The method has been successfully applied to a variety of phenols and appears to be less susceptible to the environment around the -OH group than other extraction methods. Moderate amounts of alkanes and aromatics are also removed using this extraction method, which may present problems when using certain detection schemes. An adsorption technique based on HPLC with a silica column was developed to further separate the extract into one fraction containing alkanes and aromatics and another fraction containing polar species including phenols. The effectiveness of the methanol extraction and HPLC fractionation method was illustrated by data from spiking studies, which show the removal of oxygenates, even hindered phenols, from spiked solvents, from spiked fuels, and from spiked petroleum-derived fuels (JP-8). The method was used to isolate and identify several phenolic species in petroleum-derived jet fuels. C1 US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. Parsons Project Serv Inc, South Pk, PA 15129 USA. RP Link, DD (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, POB 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. EM dlink@netl.doe.gov NR 12 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0887-0624 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 19 IS 4 BP 1693 EP 1698 DI 10.1021/ef040095g PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 948HH UT WOS:000230706200063 ER PT J AU Goodman, AL Favors, RN Hill, MM Larsen, JW AF Goodman, AL Favors, RN Hill, MM Larsen, JW TI Structure changes in Pittsburgh No.8 coal caused by sorption of CO2 gas SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article ID ARGONNE PREMIUM COALS; CARBON-DIOXIDE; PORE STRUCTURE; METHANE; ISOTHERMS; PRESSURE; MOISTURE; DRY C1 US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. Purdue Univ, Dept Chem, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. Penn State Univ, Energy Inst, Acad Projects 209, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Goodman, AL (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. EM angela.goodman@netl.doe.gov NR 18 TC 33 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0887-0624 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 19 IS 4 BP 1759 EP 1760 DI 10.1021/ef050051n PG 2 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 948HH UT WOS:000230706200074 ER PT J AU Mathew, P Kromer, JS Sezgen, O Meyers, S AF Mathew, P Kromer, JS Sezgen, O Meyers, S TI Actuarial pricing of energy efficiency projects: lessons foul and fair SO ENERGY POLICY LA English DT Article DE energy efficiency; actuarial pricing; risk management ID RISK AB Recent market convulsions in the energy industry have generated a plethora of post-mortem analyses on a wide range of issues, including accounting rules, corporate governance, commodity markets, and energy policy. While most of these analyses have focused on business practices related to wholesale energy trading, there has been limited analysis of retail energy services, particularly energy efficiency projects. We suggest that there were several business concepts and strategies in the energy efficiency arena whose inherent value may have been masked by the larger failure of companies such as Enron. In this paper, we describe one such concept, namely, actuarial pricing of energy efficiency projects, which leverages a portfolio-based approach to risk management. First, we discuss the business drivers, contrasting this approach with conventional industry practice. We then describe the implementation of this approach, including an actuarial database, pricing curves, and a pricing process compatible with commodity pricing. We conclude with a discussion of the prospects and barriers for the further development of transparent and quantifiable risk management products for energy efficiency, a prerequisite for developing energy efficiency as a tradeable commodity. We address these issues from an experiential standpoint, drawing mostly on our experience in developing and implementing such strategies at Enron. (c) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Washington, DC 20024 USA. Teton Energy Partners, Berkeley, CA 94703 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Rat Energy Network, Austin, TX 78731 USA. RP Mathew, P (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 901 D St SW,Suite 950, Washington, DC 20024 USA. EM pamathew@lbl.gov NR 18 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0301-4215 J9 ENERG POLICY JI Energy Policy PD JUL PY 2005 VL 33 IS 10 BP 1319 EP 1328 DI 10.1016/j.enpol.2003.12.008 PG 10 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 914EA UT WOS:000228206800009 ER PT J AU Bird, L Bolinger, M Gagliano, T Wiser, R Brown, M Parsons, B AF Bird, L Bolinger, M Gagliano, T Wiser, R Brown, M Parsons, B TI Policies and market factors driving wind power development in the United States SO ENERGY POLICY LA English DT Article DE renewable energy policy; wind energy development; wind energy markets AB In the United States, there has been substantial recent growth in wind energy generating capacity, with growth averaging 24 percent annually during the past five years. About 1700 MW of wind energy capacity was installed in 2001, while another 410 MW became operational in 2002. During 2003, development activity has remained strong, with an estimated 1600 MW of capacity installed. With this growth, an increasing number of States are experiencing investment in wind energy projects: currently about half of all States host at least one wind power project. This paper explores the key factors at play in the 12 States in which a substantial amount of wind energy capacity has been developed or planned. Some of the factors that are examined include policy drivers, such as Renewable Portfolio Standards (RPS), Federal and State financial incentives; as well as market drivers, such as consumer demand for green power, natural gas price volatility, and wholesale market rules. (c) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Energy Anal Off, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Natl Conf State Legislatures, Denver, CO 80230 USA. RP Bird, L (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Energy Anal Off, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM lori_bird@nrel.gov; mabolinger@lbl.gov; troy.gagliano@ncsl.org; rhwiser@lbl.gov; matthew.brown@ncsl.org; brian_parsons@nrel.gov NR 23 TC 104 Z9 105 U1 2 U2 27 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0301-4215 J9 ENERG POLICY JI Energy Policy PD JUL PY 2005 VL 33 IS 11 BP 1397 EP 1407 DI 10.1016/j.enpol.2003.12.018 PG 11 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 919OT UT WOS:000228628100004 ER PT J AU Amadi, SU Dandekar, AY Chukwu, GA Khataniar, S Patil, SL Haslebacher, WF Chaddock, J AF Amadi, SU Dandekar, AY Chukwu, GA Khataniar, S Patil, SL Haslebacher, WF Chaddock, J TI Measurement of the wax appearance temperature of gas-to-liquids products, Alaska North Slope Crude, and their blends SO ENERGY SOURCES LA English DT Article DE GTL; ANSC oil; blends; TAPS; WAT ID PIPELINE SYSTEM TAPS; GTL AB As part of a major project on studying the operational challenges in gas-to-liquids (GTL) transportation through the Trans Alaska Pipeline System ( TAPS), the wax appearance temperatures (WAT) of GTL products and the Alaska North Slope Crude (ANSC) and their blends were measured. The WAT measurements of GTL products were based on the American Society for Testing and Materials ( ASTM) D3117 standard, whereas the WAT measurements of ANSC and its blends with the GTL products were measured by the viscometry technique. The reliability of the viscometry technique was ascertained by comparing the WATs of the colorless GTL products measured by the ASTM D 3117 method. The WATs measured by the viscometry technique and the ASTM D3117 method were found to be in excellent agreement. C1 Univ Alaska, Dept Petr Engn, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. US DOE, Morgantown Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV USA. RP Dandekar, AY (reprint author), Univ Alaska, Dept Petr Engn, POB 755880, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. EM ffayd@uaf.edu NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0090-8312 J9 ENERG SOURCE JI Energy Sources PD JUL PY 2005 VL 27 IS 9 BP 831 EP 838 DI 10.1080/00908310490450737 PG 8 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 927GQ UT WOS:000229180900006 ER PT J AU Roe, JH Hopkins, WA Jackson, BP AF Roe, JH Hopkins, WA Jackson, BP TI Species- and stage-specific differences in trace element tissue concentrations in amphibians: implications for the disposal of coal-combustion wastes SO ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION LA English DT Article DE amphibians; Bufo terrestris; coal combustion wastes; complex life cycles; metamorphosis; natural attentuation; Rana sphenocephala; trace elements ID BULLFROGS RANA-CATESBEIANA; TERRESTRIAL BUFFER ZONES; BUFO-TERRESTRIS; SOUTHERN TOADS; TADPOLES; SELENIUM; SITE AB Information on species- and stage-specific patterns of contaminant accumulation is generally lacking for amphibians, yet Such information Could provide valuable knowledge on how amphibians interact with contaminants. We assessed concentrations of As, Cd, Cu, Ni. Pb, Se, Sr, and Zn in whole bodies of larval, recently metamorphosed, and adult life stages in Bufo terrestris and Rana sphenocephala front a site that Currently receives coal combustion waste (CCW) discharge, a site where CCW was formerly discharged that has undergone natural attenuation for 30 years, and a nearby reference site. For the majority of elements (As, Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb. Zn). concentrations were highest in larvae, but Se and Sr concentrations remained elevated in later life stages, likely because these elements are S and Ca analogs, respectively, and are thus retained throughout structural changes during metamorphosis. Element concentrations were generally higher in B. terrestris than in R. sphenocephala. Concentrations of As, Se, and Sr were up to 11-35 times higher in metamorphs emigrating from CCW-polluted wetlands compared to unpolluted wetlands, suggesting metamorphosed amphibians can transport trace elements from aquatic disposal basins to nearby uncontaminated terrestrial habitats. In addition. anurans utilizing naturally revegetated sites LIP to 30 years after CCW disposal ceases are exposed to trace elements. although to a lesser degree than sites where CCW is currently discharged. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. RP Hopkins, WA (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, PO Drawer E, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. EM hopkins@srel.edu NR 40 TC 32 Z9 34 U1 2 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0269-7491 J9 ENVIRON POLLUT JI Environ. Pollut. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 136 IS 2 BP 353 EP 363 DI 10.1016/j.envpol.2004.11.019 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 926RT UT WOS:000229141000016 PM 15840543 ER PT J AU Marsik, FJ Keeler, GJ Lindberg, SE Zhang, H AF Marsik, FJ Keeler, GJ Lindberg, SE Zhang, H TI Air-surface exchange of gaseous mercury over a mixed sawgrass-cattail stand within the Florida Everglades SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NUTRIENT REMOVAL PROJECT; ATMOSPHERIC MERCURY; AIR/SURFACE EXCHANGE; AIR/WATER EXCHANGE; CONTAMINATED SOILS; DRY DEPOSITION; EMISSION; WATERS; FLUX; DISTRIBUTIONS AB The Florida Everglades Dry Deposition Study (FEDDS) was conducted to test newly developed measurement techniques used to quantify the dry-deposition of speciated mercury to the Florida Everglades ecosystem. One component of FEDDS employed micrometeorological and dynamic flux chamber techniques to study the air-surface exchange of gaseous elemental mercury over a mixed sawgrass/cattail marsh within Water Conservation Area 3. These measurements provided information related to the magnitudes of, and processes associated with, the bidirectional flux of gaseous elemental mercury within this ecosystem for use in the development of a canopy-scale mercury dry deposition model. During the 2000 FEDDS study period, on average elemental gaseous mercury was emitted from the ecosystem during the daytime (16 30 ng m(-2) h(-1)), with deposition observed at night (-1 +/- 4 ng m(-2) h(-1)). The measured fluxes followed a diurnal pattern and were positively correlated with ambient temperature, solar radiation, and water vapor fluxes and negatively correlated with carbon dioxide fluxes. Our study results suggest that while flux-gradient techniques currently used in many mercury air-surface exchange studies can provide useful information on the general nature of mercury fluxes and the environmental parameters that influence them, there is sufficient uncertainty in the measurement of vertical gradients of gaseous elemental mercury to warrant caution in the interpretation of such measurements, especially during periods typically characterized as having small gradients (day/night transition periods and well-mixed conditions). C1 Univ Michigan, Lab Air Qual, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Tennessee Technol Univ, Cookeville, TN 38505 USA. RP Marsik, FJ (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Lab Air Qual, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM marsik@umich.edu RI Mason, Robert/A-6829-2011 NR 53 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 19 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUL 1 PY 2005 VL 39 IS 13 BP 4739 EP 4746 DI 10.1021/es0404015 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 941WS UT WOS:000230245500021 PM 16053071 ER PT J AU Gu, BH Wu, WM Ginder-Vogel, MA Yan, H Fields, MW Zhou, J Fendorf, S Criddle, CS Jardine, PM AF Gu, BH Wu, WM Ginder-Vogel, MA Yan, H Fields, MW Zhou, J Fendorf, S Criddle, CS Jardine, PM TI Bioreduction of uranium in a contaminated soil column SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SULFATE-REDUCING BACTERIA; MICROBIAL REDUCTION; NATURAL-WATERS; U(VI); TRANSPORT; CR(VI); BIOREMEDIATION; PRECIPITATION; SPECIATION; SEDIMENTS AB The bioreduction of soluble uranium [U(VI)] to sparingly soluble U(IV) species is an attractive remedial technology for contaminated soil and groundwater due to the potential for immobilizing uranium and impeding its migration in subsurface environments. This manuscript describes a column study designed to simulate a three-step strategy proposed for the remediation of a heavily contaminated site at the U.S. Department of Energy's NABIR Field Research Center in Oak Ridge, TN. The soil is contaminated with high concentrations of uranium, aluminum, and nitrate and has a low, highly buffered pH (similar to 3.5). Steps proposed for remediation are (i) flushing to remove nitrate and aluminum, 00 neutralization to establish pH conditions favorable for biostimulation, and (iii) biostimulation for U(VI) reduction. We simulated this sequence using a packed soil column containing undisturbed aggregates of U(VI)-contaminated saprolite that was flushed with an acidified salt solution (pH 4.0), neutralized with bicarbonate (60 mM), and then biostimulated by adding ethanol. The column was operated anaerobically in a closed-loop recirculation setup. However, during the initial month of biostimulation, ethanol was not utilized, and U(VI) was not reduced. A bacterial culture enriched from the site groundwater was subsequently added, and the consumption of ethanol coupled with sulfate reduction immediately ensued. The aqueous concentration of U(VI) initially increased, evidently because of the biological production of carbonate, a ligand known to solubilize uranyl. After similar to 50 days, aqueous U(VI) concentrations rapidly decreased from similar to 17 to < 1 mg/L. At the conclusion of the experiment,the presence of reduced solid phase U(IV) was confirmed using X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy. The results indicate that bioreduction to immobilize uranium is potentially feasible at this site; however, the stability of the reduced U(IV) and its potential reoxidation will require further investigation, as do the effects of groundwater chemistry and competitive microbial processes, such as methanogenesis. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Geog & Environm Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Miami Univ, Dept Microbiol, Oxford, OH 45056 USA. RP Gu, BH (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM gubl@ornl.gov RI Gu, Baohua/B-9511-2012 OI Gu, Baohua/0000-0002-7299-2956 NR 40 TC 91 Z9 93 U1 7 U2 61 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUL 1 PY 2005 VL 39 IS 13 BP 4841 EP 4847 DI 10.1021/es050011y PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 941WS UT WOS:000230245500032 PM 16053082 ER PT J AU Francis, AJ Dodge, CJ McDonald, JA Halada, GP AF Francis, AJ Dodge, CJ McDonald, JA Halada, GP TI Decontamination of uranium-contaminated steel surfaces by hydroxycarboxylic acid with uranium recovery SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CITRATE COMPLEXES; CARBON-STEEL; CITRIC-ACID; IRON; ADSORPTION; URANYL; PHOTODEGRADATION; MICROORGANISMS; BIODEGRADATION; REMEDIATION AB We developed a simple, safe method to remove uranium from contaminated metallic surfaces so that the materials can be recycled or disposed of as low-level radioactive or nonradioactive waste. Surface analysis of rusted uranium contaminated plain carbon-steel coupons by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy showed that uranium was predominantly associated with ferrihydrite, lepidocrocite, and magnetite, or occluded in the matrix of the corrosion product as uranyl hydroxide and schoepite (UO(3)center dot 2H(2)O). Citric acid formulations, consisting of oxalic acid-hydrogen peroxidecitric acid (OPC) or citric acid-hydrogen peroxidecitric acid (CPC), were used to remove uranium from the coupons. The efficiency of uranium removal varied from 68% to 94% depending on the extent of corrosion, the association of uranium with the iron oxide matrix, and the accessibility of the occluded contaminant. Decontaminated coupons clearly showed evidence of the extensive removal of rust and uranium. The waste solutions containing uranium and iron from decontamination by OPC and CPC were treated first by subjecting them to biodegradation followed by photodegradation. Biodegradation of a CPC solution by Pseudomonas fluorescens resulted in the degradation of the citric acid with concomitant precipitation of Fe (> 96%), whereas U that remained in solution was recovered (> 99%) by photodegradation as schoepite. In contrast, in an OPC solution citric acid was biodegraded but not oxalic acid, and both Fe and U remained in solution. Photodegradation of this OPC solution resulted in the precipitation of iron as ferrihydrite and uranium as uranyl hydroxide. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Environm Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. RP Francis, AJ (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Environm Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM francis1@bnl.gov NR 34 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUL 1 PY 2005 VL 39 IS 13 BP 5015 EP 5021 DI 10.1021/es048887c PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 941WS UT WOS:000230245500055 PM 16053105 ER PT J AU Kennamer, RA Stout, JR Jackson, BP Colwell, SV Brisbin, IL Burger, J AF Kennamer, RA Stout, JR Jackson, BP Colwell, SV Brisbin, IL Burger, J TI Mercury patterns in wood duck eggs from a contaminated reservoir in South Carolina, USA SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Aix sponsa; mercury; egg-laying sequence; Savannah River site ID CHORIOALLANTOIC MEMBRANES; LAYING SEQUENCE; AQUATIC BIRDS; RESIDUES; SELENIUM; LAKE; ORGANOCHLORINES; EXPOSURE; FEATHERS; WILDLIFE AB Mercury contamination of wildlife populations has been documented widely in recent years as biomonitoring has become an important tool for assessing environmental contamination. Avian eggs provide an ideal assay material for Hg biomonitoring, particularly when the collection of eggs is simplified by using cavity-nesting species that nest in easily monitored nest boxes. However. studies are needed that address the dynamics of how Hg is distributed within eggs, and how Hg is deposited naturally within clutches laid by a single female and among clutches laid by different females occupying the same contaminated environment. We collected 138 eggs from 13 complete clutches of box-nesting wood ducks (Aix sponsa) during 1991 and 1992 at a contaminated reservoir of the U.S. Department of Energy's Savannah River Site in South Carolina, USA. Total Hg residues in egg components and clutches were determined, partitioning of Hg among egg components was examined, and effects of egg-laying sequence on egg component H, levels were determined. Mean albumen Hg was 0.22 ppm wet mass, mean yolk Hg was 0.04 P m, and mean shell Hg was 0.03 ppm. On average, 86.1% of total egg Hg was concentrated in the albumen, 11.2% in the yolk, and 2.7% in the shell. Mercury concentrations in all egg components varied significantly among clutches and between successive clutches laid by the same female in the same year. Laying sequence significantly affected Hg concentrations in the albumen and shell, but not in the yolk. Declines of albumen Hg due to laying sequence were more pronounced for clutches that contained higher average Hg levels. Our results suggest that collection of first-laid eggs may be preferable for assessing maximal Hg exposure to developing embryos. and that monitoring Hg levels through the use of empty eggshells following brood departure from nests may be valid only if the laying sequence is known. C1 Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Div Life Sci, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Environm & Occupat Hlth Sci Inst, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. SE Reg Off, Natl Pk Serv, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. RP Kennamer, RA (reprint author), Savannah River Ecol Lab, PO Drawer E, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. EM kennamer@srel.edu FU NIEHS NIH HHS [ESO 5022] NR 54 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 13 PU SETAC PI PENSACOLA PA 1010 NORTH 12TH AVE, PENSACOLA, FL 32501-3367 USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 24 IS 7 BP 1793 EP 1800 DI 10.1897/03-661.1 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 937XU UT WOS:000229960700027 PM 16050598 ER PT J AU Chekanov, S Derrick, M Magill, S Miglioranzi, S Musgrave, B Repond, J Yoshida, R Mattingly, MCK Pavel, N Yagues, AG Antonioli, P Bari, G Basile, M Bellagamba, L Boscherini, D Bruni, A Bruni, G Romeo, GC Cifarelli, L Cindolo, F Contin, A Corradi, M De Pasquale, S Giusti, P Iacobucci, G Margotti, A Montanari, A Nania, R Palmonari, F Pesci, A Polini, A Rinaldi, L Sartorelli, G Zichichi, A Aghuzumtsyan, G Bartsch, D Brock, I Goers, S Hartmann, H Hilger, E Irrgang, P Jakob, HP Kind, OM Meyer, U Paul, E Rautenberg, J Renner, R Voss, KC Wang, M Wlasenko, M Bailey, DS Brook, NH Cole, JE Heath, GP Namsoo, T Robins, S Capua, M Fazio, S Mastroberardino, A Schioppa, M Susinno, G Tassi, E Kim, JY Ma, KJ Helbich, M Ning, Y Ren, Z Schmidke, WB Sciulli, F Chwastowski, J Eskreys, A Figiel, J Galas, A Olkiewicz, K Stopa, P Szuba, D Zawiejski, L Adamczyk, L Bold, T Grabowska-Bold, I Kisielewska, D Kowal, AM Lukasik, J Przybycien, M Suszycki, L Szuba, J Kotanski, A Slominski, W Adler, V Behrens, U Bloch, I Borras, K Drews, G Fourletova, J Geiser, A Gladkov, D Gottlicher, PG Gutsche, O Haas, T Hain, W Horn, C Kahle, B Kotz, U Kowalski, H Kramberger, G Lelas, D Lim, H Lohr, B Mankel, R Melzer-Pellman, IA Nguyen, CN Notz, D Nuncio-Quiroz, AE Raval, A Santamarta, R Schneekloth, U Stadie, H Stosslein, U Wolf, G Youngman, C Zeuner, W Schlenstedt, S Barbagli, G Gallo, E Genta, C Pelfer, PG Bamberger, A Benen, A Karstens, F Dobur, D Vlasov, NN Bussey, PJ Doyle, AT Dunne, W Ferrando, J Hamilton, J Saxon, DH Skillicorn, IO Gialas, I Carli, T Gosau, T Holm, U Krumnack, N Lohrmann, E Milite, M Salehi, H Schleper, P Schorner-Sadenius, T Stonjek, S Wichmann, K Wick, K Ziegler, A Ziegler, A Collins-Tooth, C Foudas, C Fry, C Goncalo, R Long, KR Tapper, AD Kataoka, M Nagano, K Tokushuku, K Yamada, S Yamazaki, Y Barakbaev, AN Boos, EG Pokrovskiy, NS Zhautykov, BO Son, D de Favereau, J Piotrzkowski, K Barreiro, F Glasman, C Jimenez, M Labarga, L del Peso, J Terron, J Zambrana, M Corriveau, F Liu, C Plamondon, M Robichaud-Veronneau, A Walsh, R Zhou, C Tsurugai, T Antonov, A Dolgoshein, BA Rubinsky, I Sosnovtsev, V Stifutkin, A Suchkov, S Dementiev, RK Ermolov, PF Gladilin, LK Katkov, II Khein, LA Korzhavina, IA Kuzmin, VA Levchenko, BB Lukina, OY Proskuryakov, AS Shcheglova, LM Zotkin, DS Zotkin, SA Abt, I Buttner, C Caldwell, A Liu, X Sutiak, J Coppola, N Grigorescu, G Keramidas, A Koffeman, E Kooijman, P Maddox, E Tiecke, H Vazquez, M Wiggers, L Brummer, N Bylsma, B Durkin, LS Ling, TY Allfrey, PD Bell, MA Sarkar, AMC Cottrell, A Devenish, RCE Foster, B Gwenlan, C Kohno, T Gorzo, KK Patel, S Straub, PB Walczak, R Bellan, P Bertolin, A Brugnera, R Carlin, R Ciesielski, R Dal Corso, F Dusini, S Garfagnini, A Limentani, S Longhin, A Stanco, L Turcato, M Heaphy, EA Metlica, F Oh, BY Whitmore, JJ Iga, Y D'Agostini, G Marini, G Nigro, A Hart, JC Abramowicz, H Gabareen, A Kananov, S Kreisel, A Levy, A Kuze, M Kagawa, S Tawara, T Hamatsu, R Kaji, H Kitamura, S Matsuzawa, K Ota, O Ri, YD Costa, M Ferrero, MI Monaco, V Sacchi, R Solano, A Arneodo, M Ruspa, M Fourletov, S Martin, JF Butterworth, JM Hall-Wilton, R Jones, TW Loizides, JH Sutton, MR Targett-Adams, C Wing, M Ciborowski, J Grzelak, G Kulinski, P Luzniak, P Malka, J Nowak, RJ Pawlak, JM Sztuk, J Tymieniecka, T Tyszkiewicz, A Ukleja, A Ukleja, J Zarnecki, AF Adamus, M Plucinski, P Eisenberg, Y Hochman, D Karshon, U Lightwood, MS Brownson, E Danielson, T Everett, A Kcira, D Lammers, S Li, L Reeder, DD Rosin, M Ryan, P Savin, AA Smith, WH Dhawan, S Bhadra, S Catterall, CD Cui, Y Hartner, G Menary, S Noor, U Soares, M Standage, J Whyte, J AF Chekanov, S Derrick, M Magill, S Miglioranzi, S Musgrave, B Repond, J Yoshida, R Mattingly, MCK Pavel, N Yagues, AG Antonioli, P Bari, G Basile, M Bellagamba, L Boscherini, D Bruni, A Bruni, G Romeo, GC Cifarelli, L Cindolo, F Contin, A Corradi, M De Pasquale, S Giusti, P Iacobucci, G Margotti, A Montanari, A Nania, R Palmonari, F Pesci, A Polini, A Rinaldi, L Sartorelli, G Zichichi, A Aghuzumtsyan, G Bartsch, D Brock, I Goers, S Hartmann, H Hilger, E Irrgang, P Jakob, HP Kind, OM Meyer, U Paul, E Rautenberg, J Renner, R Voss, KC Wang, M Wlasenko, M Bailey, DS Brook, NH Cole, JE Heath, GP Namsoo, T Robins, S Capua, M Fazio, S Mastroberardino, A Schioppa, M Susinno, G Tassi, E Kim, JY Ma, KJ Helbich, M Ning, Y Ren, Z Schmidke, WB Sciulli, F Chwastowski, J Eskreys, A Figiel, J Galas, A Olkiewicz, K Stopa, P Szuba, D Zawiejski, L Adamczyk, L Bold, T Grabowska-Bold, I Kisielewska, D Kowal, AM Lukasik, J Przybycien, M Suszycki, L Szuba, J Kotanski, A Slominski, W Adler, V Behrens, U Bloch, I Borras, K Drews, G Fourletova, J Geiser, A Gladkov, D Gottlicher, PG Gutsche, O Haas, T Hain, W Horn, C Kahle, B Kotz, U Kowalski, H Kramberger, G Lelas, D Lim, H Lohr, B Mankel, R Melzer-Pellman, IA Nguyen, CN Notz, D Nuncio-Quiroz, AE Raval, A Santamarta, R Schneekloth, U Stadie, H Stosslein, U Wolf, G Youngman, C Zeuner, W Schlenstedt, S Barbagli, G Gallo, E Genta, C Pelfer, PG Bamberger, A Benen, A Karstens, F Dobur, D Vlasov, NN Bussey, PJ Doyle, AT Dunne, W Ferrando, J Hamilton, J Saxon, DH Skillicorn, IO Gialas, I Carli, T Gosau, T Holm, U Krumnack, N Lohrmann, E Milite, M Salehi, H Schleper, P Schorner-Sadenius, T Stonjek, S Wichmann, K Wick, K Ziegler, A Ziegler, A Collins-Tooth, C Foudas, C Fry, C Goncalo, R Long, KR Tapper, AD Kataoka, M Nagano, K Tokushuku, K Yamada, S Yamazaki, Y Barakbaev, AN Boos, EG Pokrovskiy, NS Zhautykov, BO Son, D de Favereau, J Piotrzkowski, K Barreiro, F Glasman, C Jimenez, M Labarga, L del Peso, J Terron, J Zambrana, M Corriveau, F Liu, C Plamondon, M Robichaud-Veronneau, A Walsh, R Zhou, C Tsurugai, T Antonov, A Dolgoshein, BA Rubinsky, I Sosnovtsev, V Stifutkin, A Suchkov, S Dementiev, RK Ermolov, PF Gladilin, LK Katkov, II Khein, LA Korzhavina, IA Kuzmin, VA Levchenko, BB Lukina, OY Proskuryakov, AS Shcheglova, LM Zotkin, DS Zotkin, SA Abt, I Buttner, C Caldwell, A Liu, X Sutiak, J Coppola, N Grigorescu, G Keramidas, A Koffeman, E Kooijman, P Maddox, E Tiecke, H Vazquez, M Wiggers, L Brummer, N Bylsma, B Durkin, LS Ling, TY Allfrey, PD Bell, MA Sarkar, AMC Cottrell, A Devenish, RCE Foster, B Gwenlan, C Kohno, T Gorzo, KK Patel, S Straub, PB Walczak, R Bellan, P Bertolin, A Brugnera, R Carlin, R Ciesielski, R Dal Corso, F Dusini, S Garfagnini, A Limentani, S Longhin, A Stanco, L Turcato, M Heaphy, EA Metlica, F Oh, BY Whitmore, JJ Iga, Y D'Agostini, G Marini, G Nigro, A Hart, JC Abramowicz, H Gabareen, A Kananov, S Kreisel, A Levy, A Kuze, M Kagawa, S Tawara, T Hamatsu, R Kaji, H Kitamura, S Matsuzawa, K Ota, O Ri, YD Costa, M Ferrero, MI Monaco, V Sacchi, R Solano, A Arneodo, M Ruspa, M Fourletov, S Martin, JF Butterworth, JM Hall-Wilton, R Jones, TW Loizides, JH Sutton, MR Targett-Adams, C Wing, M Ciborowski, J Grzelak, G Kulinski, P Luzniak, P Malka, J Nowak, RJ Pawlak, JM Sztuk, J Tymieniecka, T Tyszkiewicz, A Ukleja, A Ukleja, J Zarnecki, AF Adamus, M Plucinski, P Eisenberg, Y Hochman, D Karshon, U Lightwood, MS Brownson, E Danielson, T Everett, A Kcira, D Lammers, S Li, L Reeder, DD Rosin, M Ryan, P Savin, AA Smith, WH Dhawan, S Bhadra, S Catterall, CD Cui, Y Hartner, G Menary, S Noor, U Soares, M Standage, J Whyte, J CA ZEUS Collaboration TI An NLO QCD analysis of inclusive cross-section and jet-production data from the ZEUS experiment SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Article ID DEEP-INELASTIC SCATTERING; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; PERTURBATION-THEORY; E(+)P SCATTERING; LEADING-ORDER; EP SCATTERING; HERA; ALPHA(S); PHOTOPRODUCTION; PHOTON AB The ZEUS inclusive differential cross-section data from HERA, for charged and neutral current processes taken with e(+) and e(-) beams, together with differential cross-section data on inclusive jet production in e+ p scattering and dijet production in gamma p scattering, have been used in a new NLO QCD analysis to extract the parton distribution functions of the proton. The input of jet-production data constrains the gluon and allows an accurate extraction of alpha(s)( M-Z) at NLO; alpha(s)( M-Z) = 0.1183 +/- 0.0028( exp.) +/- 0.0008( model). An additional uncertainty from the choice of scales is estimated as +/- 0.005. This is the first extraction of as( M-Z) from HERA data alone. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Andrews Univ, Berrien Springs, MI 49104 USA. Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, Berlin, Germany. Univ Bologna, Bologna, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, D-5300 Bonn, Germany. Univ Bristol, HH Wills Phys Lab, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. Univ Calabria, Dept Phys, I-87036 Cosenza, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-87036 Cosenza, Italy. Chonnam Natl Univ, Kwangju 500757, South Korea. Columbia Univ, Nevis Labs, New York, NY 10027 USA. Inst Nucl Phys, Krakow, Poland. AGH Univ Sci & Technol, Fac Phys & Appl Com Sci, Krakow, Poland. Jagiellonian Univ, Dept Phys, Krakow, Poland. DESY, D-2000 Hamburg, Germany. DESY, Zeuthen, Germany. Univ Florence, Florence, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-50125 Florence, Italy. Univ Freiburg, Fak Phys, D-7800 Freiburg, Germany. Univ Glasgow, Dept Phys & Astron, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland. Univ Hamburg, Inst Phys Expt, Hamburg, Germany. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, High Energy Nucl Phys Grp, London, England. Natl Lab High Energy Phys, KEK, Inst Particle & Nucl Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. Minist Educ & Sci Kazakhstan, Inst Phys & Technol, Alma Ata, Kazakhstan. Kyungpook Natl Univ, Ctr High Energy Phys, Taegu 702701, South Korea. Catholic Univ Louvain, Inst Nucl Phys, B-1348 Louvain, Belgium. Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Fis Teor, Madrid, Spain. McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Meiji Gakuin Univ, Fac Gen Educ, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan. Moscow Engn Phys Inst, Moscow 115409, Russia. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Inst Nucl Phys, Moscow, Russia. Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. NIKHEF, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford, England. Univ Padua, Dept Fis, Padua, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Padua, Italy. Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Polytech Univ, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, Rome, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Rome, Italy. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. Tel Aviv Univ, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Fac Exact Sci, Sch Phys, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Tokyo 152, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Tokyo 113, Japan. Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Dept Phys, Tokyo 158, Japan. Univ Turin, Turin, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Univ Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London, England. Warsaw Univ, Inst Expt Phys, Warsaw, Poland. Inst Nucl Studies, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Particle Phys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. York Univ, Dept Phys, N York, ON M3J 1P3, Canada. UCL, London, England. Max Planck Inst, Munich, Germany. RP Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Suchkov, Sergey/M-6671-2015; dusini, stefano/J-3686-2012; Goncalo, Ricardo/M-3153-2016; Li, Liang/O-1107-2015; Capua, Marcella/A-8549-2015; Tassi, Enrico/K-3958-2015; Gladilin, Leonid/B-5226-2011; De Pasquale, Salvatore/B-9165-2008; Wing, Matthew/C-2169-2008; Fazio, Salvatore /G-5156-2010; Doyle, Anthony/C-5889-2009; collins-tooth, christopher/A-9201-2012; Ferrando, James/A-9192-2012; Levchenko, B./D-9752-2012; Proskuryakov, Alexander/J-6166-2012; Dementiev, Roman/K-7201-2012; Wiggers, Leo/B-5218-2015 OI dusini, stefano/0000-0002-1128-0664; Goncalo, Ricardo/0000-0002-3826-3442; Li, Liang/0000-0001-6411-6107; Capua, Marcella/0000-0002-2443-6525; Arneodo, Michele/0000-0002-7790-7132; Longhin, Andrea/0000-0001-9103-9936; Gutsche, Oliver/0000-0002-8015-9622; Raval, Amita/0000-0003-0164-4337; Gladilin, Leonid/0000-0001-9422-8636; De Pasquale, Salvatore/0000-0001-9236-0748; Doyle, Anthony/0000-0001-6322-6195; Ferrando, James/0000-0002-1007-7816; Wiggers, Leo/0000-0003-1060-0520 NR 49 TC 112 Z9 112 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6044 EI 1434-6052 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD JUL PY 2005 VL 42 IS 1 BP 1 EP 16 DI 10.1140/epjc/s2005-02293-x PG 16 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 953ZK UT WOS:000231123700001 ER PT J AU Li, X Wang, LS AF Li, X Wang, LS TI Probing the electronic structure of mono-nitrogen doped aluminum clusters using anion photoelectron spectroscopy SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL D LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Symposium on Small Particles and Inorganic Clusters CY SEP 06-10, 2004 CL Nanjing, PEOPLES R CHINA ID SIMPLE METAL-CLUSTERS; SHELL STRUCTURE; TRANSITION; PHYSICS; EVOLUTION; NITRIDE; CARBON; MODEL AB We report a photoelectron spectroscopic investigation of mono-nitrogen doped aluminum cluster anions AlnN- (n = 2-22). Well-resolved spectra were obtained at three photon energies (355, 266, and 193 nm), revealing the structural and electronic evolution as the number of aluminum atoms increases in the doped clusters. For small AlnN (n < 9) clusters, the Al atoms may be viewed to be monovalent, similar to pure aluminum clusters. Even-odd alternation of the electron affinities was observed for AlnN clusters, suggesting that neutral clusters with odd n are closed shell and those with even n are open shell. The most interesting observation is the similarity between the spectra of AlnN- and Al(n-1) for n > 12. This observation suggests that these clusters can be described as (AlN)Al(n-1), i.e., an AlN unit weakly interacting with Al(n-1)- clusters. The electronic and atomic structural implications of this observation are discussed. C1 Washington State Univ, Dept Phys, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Li, X (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Phys, 2710 Univ Dr, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM ls.wang@pnl.gov NR 25 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6060 J9 EUR PHYS J D JI Eur. Phys. J. D PD JUL PY 2005 VL 34 IS 1-3 BP 9 EP 14 DI 10.1140/epjd/e2005-00100-3 PG 6 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 946HJ UT WOS:000230562700002 ER PT J AU Zhao, J Wang, J Jellinek, J Yoo, S Zeng, XC AF Zhao, J Wang, J Jellinek, J Yoo, S Zeng, XC TI Stuffed fullerene structures for medium-sized silicon clusters SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL D LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Symposium on Small Particles and Inorganic Clusters CY SEP 06-10, 2004 CL Nanjing, PEOPLES R CHINA ID BINDING MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; STABILITY; IONS; OPTIMIZATION; RELAXATION; ALGORITHM; GEOMETRY AB The structural properties of medium-sized silicon clusters (Si-40, Si-45 and Si-50) have been studied using an unbiased global genetic algorithm search incorporated with a tight-binding model, followed by gradient-corrected density functional calculations. Stuffed fullerene cages are obtained as energetically favorite structures. The stuffing/cage ratio (m/n for Si-m@Si-n) can be understood by a space filling picture. The present results, along with our recent works on Si-N (N=27-39) clusters [20], suggest that stuffed fullerene cages are the preferred structural growth pattern of medium-sized silicon clusters. C1 Univ N Carolina, Dept Phys & Astron, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Nebraska, Dept Chem, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. Univ Nebraska, Ctr Mat Res & Anal, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. RP Zhao, J (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Phys & Astron, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM xczeng@phase2.unl.edu RI Wang, Jinlan/B-3507-2012; Zhao, Jijun/I-6030-2015 NR 28 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 10 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6060 J9 EUR PHYS J D JI Eur. Phys. J. D PD JUL PY 2005 VL 34 IS 1-3 BP 35 EP 37 DI 10.1140/epjd/e2005-00113-x PG 3 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 946HJ UT WOS:000230562700007 ER PT J AU Miyajima, K Knickelbein, MB Nakajima, A AF Miyajima, K Knickelbein, MB Nakajima, A TI Stern-Gerlach studies of organometallic sandwich clusters SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL D LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Symposium on Small Particles and Inorganic Clusters CY SEP 06-10, 2004 CL Nanjing, PEOPLES R CHINA ID ELECTRON-PARAMAGNETIC-RES; X-ALPHA-MO; LANTHANIDE COMPLEXES; SPIN RELAXATION; IONIZATION ENERGIES; DEFLECTION SPECTRUM; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; NICKEL CLUSTERS; FREE-IRON; SPECTROSCOPY AB Stern-Gerlach type magnetic deflection measurements were performed for two types of multiple sandwich clusters: vanadium-benzene V-n(C6H6)(n+1) and terbium-cyclooctatetraene Tb-n(C8H8)(n+1). Beams of V-n(C6H6)(n+1) clusters (n = 1-4) showed symmetric broadening induced by the inhomogeneous field, indicating free spin behavior similar to that displayed by isolated paramagnetic atoms. By contrast, beams of Tb-n(C8H8)(n+1) clusters displayed one-sided deflection, indicating that fast spin relaxation occurs within the clusters. The difference in the magnetic deflection behavior exhibited by these two systems is explained by their electronic structures, specifically the bonding characteristics between metal atoms and ligand molecules. C1 Keio Univ, Fac Sci & Technol, Dept Chem, Japan Sci & Technol Agcy,CREST,Kohoku Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2238522, Japan. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Miyajima, K (reprint author), Keio Univ, Fac Sci & Technol, Dept Chem, Japan Sci & Technol Agcy,CREST,Kohoku Ku, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2238522, Japan. EM nakajima@chem.keio.ac.jp RI Miyajima, Ken/C-8422-2013 OI Miyajima, Ken/0000-0002-5385-8911 NR 38 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6060 J9 EUR PHYS J D JI Eur. Phys. J. D PD JUL PY 2005 VL 34 IS 1-3 BP 177 EP 182 DI 10.1140/epjd/e2005-00135-4 PG 6 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 946HJ UT WOS:000230562700038 ER PT J AU Hu, XS Jiao, XS Narayanan, S Jiang, Z Sinha, SK Lurio, LB Lal, J AF Hu, XS Jiao, XS Narayanan, S Jiang, Z Sinha, SK Lurio, LB Lal, J TI Resonantly enhanced off-specular X-ray scattering from polymer/polymer interfaces SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL E LA English DT Article ID IMMISCIBLE POLYMERS; INCOMPATIBLE POLYMERS; CAPILLARY WAVES; REFLECTIVITY; NEUTRON; SURFACE AB We have used measurements of the absolute intensity of diffuse X-ray scattering to extract the interfacial tension of a buried polymer/polymer interface. Diffuse scattering was excited by an X-ray standing wave whose phase was adjusted to have a high intensity at the polymer/polymer interface and simultaneously a node at the polymer/air interface. This method permits the capillary-wave-induced roughness of the interface, and hence the interfacial tension, to be measured independently of the polymer/polymer interdiffusion. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Hu, XS (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM jlal@anl.gov RI Jiang, Zhang/A-3297-2012 OI Jiang, Zhang/0000-0003-3503-8909 NR 23 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1292-8941 J9 EUR PHYS J E JI Eur. Phys. J. E PD JUL PY 2005 VL 17 IS 3 BP 353 EP 359 DI 10.1140/epje/i2004-10147-4 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Polymer Science SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics; Polymer Science GA 966NK UT WOS:000232026500008 PM 16025193 ER PT J AU Galperin, YM Shantsev, DV Bergli, J Altshuler, BL AF Galperin, YM Shantsev, DV Bergli, J Altshuler, BL TI Rabi oscillations of a qubit coupled to a two-level system SO EUROPHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB The problem of Rabi oscillations in a qubit coupled to a fluctuator and in contact with a heath bath is considered. A scheme is developed for taking into account both phase and energy relaxation in a phenomenological way, while taking full account of the quantum dynamics of the four-level system subject to a driving AC field. Significant suppression of the Rabi oscillations is found when the qubit and fluctuator are close to resonance. The effect of the fluctuator state on the read-out signal is discussed. This effect is shown to modify the observed signal significantly. This may be relevant to recent experiments by Simmonds et al. C1 Univ Oslo, Dept Phys, N-0316 Oslo, Norway. Russian Acad Sci, AF Ioffe Physicotech Inst, St Petersburg 194021, Russia. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Princeton Univ, Dept Phys, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. NEC Labs Amer Inc, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. RP Galperin, YM (reprint author), Univ Oslo, Dept Phys, POB 1048 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway. EM iouri.galperine@fys.uio.no RI Galperin, Yuri/A-1851-2008; Bergli, Joakim/A-1707-2008 OI Galperin, Yuri/0000-0001-7281-9902; NR 12 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 3 PU E D P SCIENCES PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0295-5075 J9 EUROPHYS LETT JI Europhys. Lett. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 71 IS 1 BP 21 EP 27 DI 10.1209/epl/i2005-10053-y PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 941JK UT WOS:000230210900004 ER PT J AU Zanotti, JM Bellissent-Funel, MC Chen, SH AF Zanotti, JM Bellissent-Funel, MC Chen, SH TI Experimental evidence of a liquid-liquid transition in interfacial water SO EUROPHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SUPERCOOLED WATER; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; GLASS-TRANSITION; LOW-TEMPERATURES; DYNAMICS; BEHAVIOR; SILICA; MODEL; ICE AB At ambient pressure, bulk liquid water shows an anomalous increase of thermodynamic quantities and apparent divergences of dynamic properties on approaching a temperature T-s of 228 K. At normal pressure, supercooled water spontaneously freezes below the homogeneous nucleation temperature, T-H = 235 K. Upon heating, the two forms of Amorphous Solid Water (ASW), LDA ( Low Density Amorphous Ice) and HDA ( High Density Amorphous Ice), crystallise above T-X = 150 K. As a consequence, up to now no experiment has been able to explore the properties of liquid water in this very interesting temperature range between 150 and 235 K. We present nanosecond-time-scale measurements of local rotational and translational dynamics of interfacial, non-crystalline, water from 77 to 280 K. These experimental dynamic results are combined with calorimetric and diffraction data to show that after exhibiting a glass transition at 165 K, interfacial water experiences a first-order liquid-liquid transition at 240K from a low-density to a high-density liquid. This is the first direct evidence of the existence of a liquid-liquid transition involving water. C1 CEA Saclay, Leon Brillouin Lab, CNRS, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Argonne Natl Lab, Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. MIT, Dept Nucl Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Zanotti, JM (reprint author), CEA Saclay, Leon Brillouin Lab, CNRS, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. EM jmzanotti@cea.fr RI Zanotti, Jean-Marc/C-3188-2008 OI Zanotti, Jean-Marc/0000-0001-6474-3944 NR 20 TC 112 Z9 113 U1 2 U2 12 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0295-5075 J9 EUROPHYS LETT JI Europhys. Lett. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 71 IS 1 BP 91 EP 97 DI 10.1209/epl/i2004-10529-2 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 941JK UT WOS:000230210900014 ER PT J AU Rozenberg, GK Pasternak, MP Xu, WM Dubrovinsky, LS Carlson, S Taylor, RD AF Rozenberg, GK Pasternak, MP Xu, WM Dubrovinsky, LS Carlson, S Taylor, RD TI Consequences of pressure-instigated spin crossover in RFeO3 perovskites; a volume collapse with no symmetry modification SO EUROPHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID 100 GPA; IRON(II); SPECTROSCOPY; TRANSITION; COMPLEXES; STATE AB High-pressure X-ray diffraction, Mossbauer, and Raman studies in the antiferromagnetic insulators RFeO3 orthorhombic perovskites (R = Pr, Eu, Lu) disclose an unusual phenomena of a reversible first-order isostructural phase transition around 50 GPa concurring with an abrupt similar to 5% volume decrease. It is shown experimentally that this transformation concurs with, and is driven by, a high-to-low-spin transition taking place in Fe3+; a manifestation of a new kind of isostructural phase transition. These studies suggest that the RFeO3 perovskite is a rather sturdy oxide-structure, maintaining its original structural symmetry beyond 125 GPa. C1 Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. Univ Bayreuth, Bayer Geoinst, D-8580 Bayreuth, Germany. European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, F-38043 Grenoble, France. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Rozenberg, GK (reprint author), Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. NR 24 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 2 U2 15 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0295-5075 J9 EUROPHYS LETT JI Europhys. Lett. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 71 IS 2 BP 228 EP 234 DI 10.1209/epl/i2005-10071-9 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 953VH UT WOS:000231108600011 ER PT J AU Bussmann-Holder, A Bishop, AR Egami, T AF Bussmann-Holder, A Bishop, AR Egami, T TI Relaxor ferroelectrics and intrinsic inhomogeneity SO EUROPHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PHASE-TRANSITIONS; QUANTUM BREATHERS; POLARIZATION; BEHAVIOR; SYSTEMS; MODEL AB Relaxor ferroelectrics (RF) are characterized by diffuse ferroelectric transitions and high and frequency-dependent dielectric susceptibilities. Non-RFs show high dielectric responses only in the direct vicinity of the transition temperature whereas RFs exhibit high responses over a large temperature range. Despite their long history, the microscopic origin of RFs is still unknown due to their structural complexity. RF behaviour is exclusively observed in nonstoichiometric, mixed ion systems, and represents a composite of dielectrically soft matrix and highly polarizable doped ions. Here we propose a multi-component scenario with intrinsic inhomogeneity, which shows that spatially localized excitations (discrete breathers) coupled to the soft matrix yield a self-consistent multi-length scale response and successfully explains the relaxor ferroelectric behaviour. C1 Max Planck Inst Solid State Res, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Bussmann-Holder, A (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Solid State Res, Heisenbergstr 1, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. NR 37 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 9 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0295-5075 J9 EUROPHYS LETT JI Europhys. Lett. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 71 IS 2 BP 249 EP 255 DI 10.1209/epl/i2005-10076-4 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 953VH UT WOS:000231108600014 ER PT J AU Moen, DS Winne, CT Reed, RN AF Moen, DS Winne, CT Reed, RN TI Habitat-mediated shifts and plasticity in the evaporative water loss rates of two congeneric pit vipers (Squamata, Viperidae, Agkistrodon) SO EVOLUTIONARY ECOLOGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE habitat aridity; habitat transition; phylogeny; semi-aquatic; snakes ID SKIN RESISTANCE; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; HUMIDITY ACCLIMATION; ANOLIS-CAROLINENSIS; DESERT SNAKE; PERMEABILITY; METABOLISM; ARIDITY; TEMPERATURES; FLEXIBILITY AB Question: Are increased rates of total evaporative water loss (TEWL) associated with evolutionary transitions from terrestrial to aquatic habitats? Do individuals acclimated to wet conditions demonstrate higher TEWL rates than those acclimated to dry conditions? Organisms: Individuals of the snake species Agkistrodon piscivorus (Viperidae, semi-aquatic) and Agkistrodon contortrix (terrestrial) collected from the Savannah River Site, Aiken, SC, USA. Methods: We held individuals in either wet or dry acclimation conditions for 10 days. We then measured TEWL of individuals in an environmental chamber and tested the effects of humidity acclimation and species on TEWL rate. The TEWL rate was evaluated in the context of hypothesized habitat transitions within Agkistrodon. Results: The semi-aquatic A. piscivorus exhibited higher TEWL rates than A. contortrix, the species which represents the putatively ancestral condition (terrestriality). The higher TEWL rate in A. piscivorus is concordant with the evolutionary shift to aquatic habitats in this species. Additionally, snakes in wet acclimation treatments had higher TEWL rates than those in dry treatments, as predicted. C1 Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. RP Moen, DS (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Ecol & Evolut, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. EM dmoen@life.bio.sunysb.edu NR 37 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 5 PU EVOLUTIONARY ECOLOGY LTD PI TUCSON PA UNIV ARIZONA, 321 BIOSCIENCES WEST, TUCSON, AZ 85721 USA SN 1522-0613 J9 EVOL ECOL RES JI Evol. Ecol. Res. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 7 IS 5 BP 759 EP 766 PG 8 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 937SU UT WOS:000229946600008 ER PT J AU Gangenahalli, GU Millholland, JM Kalota, A Bennet, P Sutherland, BM Gewirtz, AM AF Gangenahalli, GU Millholland, JM Kalota, A Bennet, P Sutherland, BM Gewirtz, AM TI Protection of normal human CD34+cells from radiation found in the deep space environment SO EXPERIMENTAL HEMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 34th Annual Meeting of the International-Society-for-Experimental-Hematology CY JUL 30-AUG 02, 2005 CL Univ Glasgow, Glasgow, SCOTLAND HO Univ Glasgow C1 Univ Penn, Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0301-472X J9 EXP HEMATOL JI Exp. Hematol. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 33 IS 7 SU 1 MA 297 BP 115 EP 115 PG 1 WC Hematology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Hematology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 951DB UT WOS:000230908100285 ER PT J AU Eisenberg, D Nelson, R Sawaya, MR Balbirnie, M Madsen, A Riekel, C Sambashivan, S Liu, Y Gingery, M Grothe, R AF Eisenberg, D Nelson, R Sawaya, MR Balbirnie, M Madsen, A Riekel, C Sambashivan, S Liu, Y Gingery, M Grothe, R TI Structural studies of amyloid SO FEBS JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 30th Congress of the Federation-of-European-Biochemical-Societies (FEBS)/9th IUBMB Conference CY JUL 02-07, 2005 CL Budapest, HUNGARY SP Federat European Biochem Soc, Int Union Biochem & Mol Biol C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, DOE Inst Genom & Proteom, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Copenhagen, Dept Chem, Ctr Crystallog Studies, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. ESRF, Grenoble, France. EM david@mbi.ucla.edu NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1742-464X J9 FEBS J JI FEBS J. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 272 SU 1 BP 78 EP 79 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 005MG UT WOS:000234826100265 ER PT J AU Coleman, MA Miller, KA Beernink, PT Yoshikawa, DM Albala, JS AF Coleman, MA Miller, KA Beernink, PT Yoshikawa, DM Albala, JS TI The use of protein arrays in proteomic applications SO FEBS JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT IUBMB 50th Anniversary Symposium CY JUL 02-07, 2005 CL Budapest, HUNGARY SP Int Union Biochem Molecular Biol C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. EM coleman16@llnl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1742-464X J9 FEBS J JI FEBS J. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 272 SU 1 BP 504 EP 504 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 005MG UT WOS:000234826102538 ER PT J AU Alkofer, R Holl, A Kloker, M Krassnigg, A Roberts, CD AF Alkofer, R Holl, A Kloker, M Krassnigg, A Roberts, CD TI On nucleon electromagnetic form factors SO FEW-BODY SYSTEMS LA English DT Article ID DYSON-SCHWINGER EQUATIONS; QUARK-DIQUARK MODEL; CHIRAL-SYMMETRY; FADDEEV APPROACH; BARYON STRUCTURE; VECTOR-MESONS; BAG MODEL; PION; QCD; COVARIANT AB Poincare-covariant Faddeev equation, which describes baryons as composites of confined-quarks and - nonpointlike-diquarks, is solved to obtain masses and Faddeev amplitudes for the nucleon and D. The amplitudes are a component of a nucleon-photon vertex that automatically fulfills the Ward-Takahashi identity for on-shell nucleons. These elements are sufficient for the calculation of a quark core contribution to the nucleons' electromagnetic form factors. An accurate description of the static properties is not possible with the core alone but the error is uniformly reduced by the incorporation of meson-loop contributions. Such contributions to form factors are noticeable for Q(2) less than or similar to 2 GeV2 but vanish with increasing momentum transfer. Hence, larger Q(2) experiments probe the quark core. The calculated behaviour of G(E)(p)(Q(2))/G(M)(p) (Q(2)) on Q(2) is an element of [2, 6] GeV2 agrees with that inferred from polarization transfer data. Moreover, root Q(2)F(2)(Q(2))/F-1(Q(2)) approximate to constant on this domain. These outcomes result from correlations in the proton's amplitude. C1 Univ Tubingen, Inst Theoret Phys, D-72076 Tubingen, Germany. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Rostock, Fachbereich Phys, D-18051 Rostock, Germany. RP Alkofer, R (reprint author), Univ Tubingen, Inst Theoret Phys, Morgenstelle 14, D-72076 Tubingen, Germany. OI Roberts, Craig/0000-0002-2937-1361 NR 83 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER WIEN PI VIENNA PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0177-7963 J9 FEW-BODY SYST JI Few-Body Syst. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 37 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 31 DI 10.1007/s00601-005-0110-6 PG 31 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 948MV UT WOS:000230720900001 ER PT J AU Gritzo, LA Senseny, PE Xin, YB Thomasc, JR AF Gritzo, LA Senseny, PE Xin, YB Thomasc, JR TI The international FORUM of fire research directors: A position paper on verification and validation of numerical fire models SO FIRE SAFETY JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE fire modeling; verification; validation; uncertainty AB The international FORUM of Fire research directors periodically takes positions on issues dealing with the direction and implementation of fire research with the potential for significant impact on safety and/or global practices, standards and test methods. This short communication represents the FORUM's position on the validation of numerical fire models. These models are increasingly being used on the fire protection engineering community, and have the potential for a significant impact with the increasing acceptance of performance based fire codes. The FORUM position is to require verification and validation of these models. Activities should include; code verification to identify and reduce coding errors, calculation verification to establish appropriate model usage, and model validation to provide a quantitative assessment of the predictive capabilities of a model. Peer-reviewed documentation of these activities should be published in the open literature. The importance of verification of models for fire phenomenon, and an overview of these activities, are discussed. (C) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. FM Global, Norwood, MA 02062 USA. Natl Res Council Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada. RP Gritzo, LA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM lagritz@sandia.gov NR 10 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0379-7112 J9 FIRE SAFETY J JI Fire Saf. J. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 40 IS 5 BP 485 EP 490 DI 10.1016/j.firesaf.2005.02.001 PG 6 WC Engineering, Civil; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 953RN UT WOS:000231098300007 ER PT J AU Klein, JE AF Klein, JE TI Shell temperatures for a single-heater diffuser SO FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Tritium Science and Technology CY SEP 12-17, 2004 CL Baden Baden, GERMANY AB A new diffuser/permeator design has been proposed for a new Savannah River Site tritium project. The use of a single heaterwell in the center of the shell had raised concerns that the Pd/Ag coils may be shielding radiative heat transfer to the walls thus reducing Pd/Ag tube temperatures near the shell below the recommended minimum operating temperature. The diffuser was fitted with thermocouples to measure shell temperatures during testing. Tests were run with the shell evacuated, helium Feed flows of 0, 1000, and 2000 sccm; Bleed pressures ranging from 0 to 203 kPa, and heater temperatures of 650, 675, and 700 degrees C Hydrogen permeation tests were run with two hydrogen/helium mixtures and Feed rates to simulate 1st and 2nd stage diffuser operations. Approximately 20 hours were required to bring the diffuser from ambient temperature to steady-state conditions. For tests with a heater temperature of 675 degrees C and no hydrogen flow, helium flow rate and pressure had little impact on the measured shell temperatures, the thermowell temperature, roughly 415 degrees C, and altered heater output by only 11 watts. Conversely, controlling the thermowell temperature to 415 degrees C during hydrogen permeation tests increased heater power output, lowered heater temperature, and increased shell temperatures. The tests showed the diffuser can perform its intended function with reasonable assurance that the Pd/Ag tubes were within the recommended temperature range. C1 Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Savannah River Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. RP Klein, JE (reprint author), Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Savannah River Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. EM james.klein@srs.gov NR 2 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 1536-1055 J9 FUSION SCI TECHNOL JI Fusion Sci. Technol. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 48 IS 1 BP 59 EP 62 PG 4 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 944MO UT WOS:000230433300014 ER PT J AU Estochen, EG Klein, JE AF Estochen, EG Klein, JE TI Metal hydride wall stress measurements on a four-inch short (FISH) bed SO FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Tritium Science and Technology CY SEP 12-17, 2004 CL Baden Baden, GERMANY ID STORAGE AB A 38 cm (15 inch) long metal hydride bed fabricated using 11.4 cm (4.5 inch) O.D., standard schedule 316/316L stainless steel pipe was fitted with 22 strain gauges to measure tangential and longitudinal stress resulting from hydride absorption and desorption cycling. Tests were conducted using two different LaNi4.25Al0.75 metal hydride fill-levels in the bed. Tests conducted with hydride filled to two-thirds (1.75L) of the 2.63L total bed volume resulted in a maximum stress less than one-third of the pipe's ASME Code allowable, for hydride absorption up to a hydrogen-to-metal ratio (HIM) of 0.86 After 15 absorption/desorption tests and hydride passivation, examination of the bed interior revealed a significant decrease in particle size and increase in hydride height. The second fill level had 0.4L of fresh hydride added to the bed's cycled hydride material, and 56 absorption/desorption tests, up to a gas loading of 0.83 H/M performed Second fill tests resulted in maximum stresses less than 40% of the ASME Code allowable. Post-test bed radiographs showed a further increase in the apparent hydride fill height, and internal component deformation. C1 Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Savannah River Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. RP Estochen, EG (reprint author), Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Savannah River Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. EM james.klein@srs.gov NR 6 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 1536-1055 J9 FUSION SCI TECHNOL JI Fusion Sci. Technol. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 48 IS 1 BP 79 EP 82 PG 4 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 944MO UT WOS:000230433300019 ER PT J AU Hsu, RH Klein, JE AF Hsu, RH Klein, JE TI Palladium-coated kieselguhr for simultaneous separation and storage of tritium SO FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Tritium Science and Technology CY SEP 12-17, 2004 CL Baden Baden, GERMANY AB Palladium finely dispersed in a substrate of kieselguhr (diatomaceous earth) has been successfully used for tritium storage, separation and pumping for a number of years at the Savannah River Site (SRS)(1-2). Recently SRS has designed and built a new Pd/ kieselguhr flow through bed (FTB) prototype for separating tritium from other gases and simultaneously storing the tritium on palladium. The FTB prototype uses single-pass liquid nitrogen for cooling during tritium absorption/loading/storage and electrical heaters for desorption/unloading of tritium. Fourteen (14) hydrogen absorption/desorption or loading/ unloading cycles have been conducted with the new FTB prototype. Test results show that all design performance objectives have been successfully achieved recover >95% of hydrogen gas from feed gas, <5% hydrogen in discharge gas, and >99.9% hydrogen in the desorbed product gas. This paper will discuss the design and operation of the FTB, and results of performance tests such as separation efficiency, hydrogen/tritium storage capacity and temperature profiles during prep cooling, hydrogen loading and unloading. C1 Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Savannah River Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. RP Hsu, RH (reprint author), Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Savannah River Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. EM robert.hsu@srs.gov NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 1536-1055 J9 FUSION SCI TECHNOL JI Fusion Sci. Technol. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 48 IS 1 BP 83 EP 87 PG 5 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 944MO UT WOS:000230433300020 ER PT J AU Arias, AA Schmierer, EN Gettemy, D Howard, DW Wermer, JR Tuggle, DG AF Arias, AA Schmierer, EN Gettemy, D Howard, DW Wermer, JR Tuggle, DG TI Thermal Cycling Absorption Process (TCAP): Instrument and simulation development status at Los Alamos National Laboratory SO FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Tritium Science and Technology CY SEP 12-17, 2004 CL Baden Baden, GERMANY AB The Thermal Cycling Absorption Process (TCAP) Project at Los Alamos National Laboratory has been a collaborative effort with Savannah River Site to demonstrate the Tube-in-Tube (TnT) column design and to improve TCAP science. TnT TCAP is an alternative design which uses a liquid to thermally cycle the metal hydride packed column. Inert gas displacement tests and deuterium pulse tests have been performed on the TnT TCAP column. The inert gas displacement tests are designed to measure plug flow in the column while the deuterium pulse tests determine the separation ability of the column. A residual gas analyzer measures the gases in the exit stream and the experimental results are compared with pulse test model results. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. RP Arias, AA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, C927,POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM arias@lanl.gov NR 6 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 1536-1055 J9 FUSION SCI TECHNOL JI Fusion Sci. Technol. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 48 IS 1 BP 159 EP 162 PG 4 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 944MO UT WOS:000230433300037 ER PT J AU Hsu, RH Holder, JS AF Hsu, RH Holder, JS TI Testing of a prototype SAES ST909 getter bed for conditioning gas to a trituim stripper system SO FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Tritium Science and Technology CY SEP 12-17, 2004 CL Baden Baden, GERMANY AB SAES St909 getter beds are used to condition the gas feed to certain tritium stripper systems in the Tritium Facilities at the Savannah River Site. Low-oxygen and low-moisture waste gas containing nitrogen, helium or argon is pre-conditioned by the St909 getter prior to tritium stripping and discharge to the environment. SRS has recently built and tested a full-scale St909 Prototype Getter Bed to replace an existing design. The Bed was activated, loaded with nitrogen and tested for effectiveness in gettering oxygen and cracking water, methane and carbon dioxide at two temperatures, three pressures and three flow rates (residence times). Tests have been conducted using carrier gases of nitrogen and helium. This paper will discuss the new St909 getter bed design and test results. C1 Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. RP Hsu, RH (reprint author), Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. EM robert.hsu@srs.gov NR 2 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 1536-1055 J9 FUSION SCI TECHNOL JI Fusion Sci. Technol. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 48 IS 1 BP 171 EP 174 PG 4 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 944MO UT WOS:000230433300040 ER PT J AU Gentile, CA Langish, SW Skinner, CH Ciebiera, LP AF Gentile, CA Langish, SW Skinner, CH Ciebiera, LP TI Comparison and evaluation of various tritium decontamination techniques and processes SO FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Tritium Science and Technology CY SEP 12-17, 2004 CL Baden Baden, GERMANY AB In support of fusion energy development, various techniques and processes have been developed over the past two decades for the removal and decontamination of tritium from a variety of items, surfaces, and components. The motivational force for tritium decontamination by chemical, physical, mechanical, or a combination of these methods, is driven by two underlying forces. The first of these motivational forces is safety. Safety is paramount to the established culture associated with fusion energy. The second of these motivational forces is cost. In all aspects, less tritium contamination equals lower operational and disposal costs. This paper will discuss and evaluate the various processes employed for tritium removal and decontamination. C1 Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Gentile, CA (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451,James Forrestal Campus, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM cgentile@pppl.gov NR 8 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 1536-1055 J9 FUSION SCI TECHNOL JI Fusion Sci. Technol. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 48 IS 1 BP 200 EP 203 PG 4 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 944MO UT WOS:000230433300045 ER PT J AU Willms, RS AF Willms, RS TI Simplified estimation of tritium inventory in stainless steel SO FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Tritium Science and Technology CY SEP 12-17, 2004 CL Baden Baden, GERMANY ID HYDROGEN TRANSPORT; SOLUBILITY AB An important part of tritium facility waste management is estimating the residual tritium inventory in stainless steel. This was needed as part of the decontamination and decommissioning associated with the Tritium Systems Test Assembly at Los Alamos National Laboratory. In particular, the disposal path for three, large tanks would vary substantially depending on the tritium inventory in the stainless steel walls. For this purpose the time-dependant diffusion equation was solved using previously measured parameters. These results were compared to previous work that measured the tritium inventory in the stainless steel wall of a 50-L tritium container. Good agreement was observed These results are reduced to a simple algebraic equation that can readily be used to estimate tritium inventories in room temperature stainless steel based on tritium partial pressure and exposure time. Results are available for both constant partial pressure exposures and for varying partial pressures. Movies of the time dependant results were prepared which are particularly helpful for interpreting results and drawing conclusions. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Willms, RS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mail Stop J964, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. EM willms@lanl.gov NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 1536-1055 J9 FUSION SCI TECHNOL JI Fusion Sci. Technol. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 48 IS 1 BP 204 EP 207 PG 4 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 944MO UT WOS:000230433300046 ER PT J AU Perevezentsev, A Bell, A Brennan, D Miller, A Healer, A Gentile, C Ciebiera, L Langish, S AF Perevezentsev, A Bell, A Brennan, D Miller, A Healer, A Gentile, C Ciebiera, L Langish, S TI Detritiation of the jet carbon tiles by flame heating SO FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Tritium Science and Technology CY SEP 12-17, 2004 CL Baden Baden, GERMANY ID FUSION MACHINES; 1ST WALL AB Operation with tritium plasma led to contamination of the JET in-vessel components with tritium at a level exceeding 12kBq/g, which is the Low Level Waste (LLW) threshold in the UK. Carbon tiles used at JET for protecting the pumped divertor and inner wall against heat and neutron flux create one of the Intermediate Level Waste (ILW) streams to deal with during the JET decommissioning in the future. To reduce quantity and cost of ILW disposal from JET, the study has been initiated for development of detritiation techniques. This paper presents a brief description of the study of the JET carbon tiles detritiation using flame heating. C1 EURATOM, Culham Sci Ctr, Abingdon OX14 3DB, Oxon, England. Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08453 USA. RP Perevezentsev, A (reprint author), EURATOM, Culham Sci Ctr, Abingdon OX14 3DB, Oxon, England. NR 6 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 1536-1055 J9 FUSION SCI TECHNOL JI Fusion Sci. Technol. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 48 IS 1 BP 212 EP 215 PG 4 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 944MO UT WOS:000230433300048 ER PT J AU Anderl, RA Longhurst, GR Pawelko, RJ Sharpe, JP Schuetz, ST Petti, DA AF Anderl, RA Longhurst, GR Pawelko, RJ Sharpe, JP Schuetz, ST Petti, DA TI The Safety and Tritium Applied Research (STAR) Facility: Status-2004 SO FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Tritium Science and Technology CY SEP 12-17, 2004 CL Baden Baden, GERMANY ID OXIDATION; TUNGSTEN; FLIBE; VOLATILIZATION; RETENTION; EXPOSURE; DUST AB The Safety and Tritium Applied Research (STAR) Facility, a US DOE National User Facility at the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (INEEL), comprises capabilities and infrastructure to support both tritium and non-tritium research activities important to the development of safe and environmentally friendly fusion energy. Research thrusts include (1) interactions of tritium and deuterium with plasma-facing-component (PFC) materials, (2) fusion safety issues [PFC material chemical reactivity and dust/debris generation, activation product mobilization, tritium behavior infusion systems], and (3) molten salts and fusion liquids for tritium breeder and coolant applications. This paper updates the status of STAR and the capabilities for ongoing research activities, with an emphasis on the development, testing and integration of the infrastructure to support tritium research activities. Key elements of this infrastructure include a tritium storage and assay system, a tritium cleanup system to process glovebox and experiment tritiated effluent gases, and facility tritium monitoring systems. C1 Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Fus Safety Program, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Anderl, RA (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Fus Safety Program, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM raa@inel.gov NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 1536-1055 J9 FUSION SCI TECHNOL JI Fusion Sci. Technol. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 48 IS 1 BP 243 EP 249 PG 7 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 944MO UT WOS:000230433300055 ER PT J AU Tesch, C Carlson, R Michelotti, R Rogers, M Willms, S AF Tesch, C Carlson, R Michelotti, R Rogers, M Willms, S TI Tritium Systems Test Assembly (TSTA) stabilization SO FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Tritium Science and Technology CY SEP 12-17, 2004 CL Baden Baden, GERMANY AB The Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) Tritium Systems Test Assembly (TSTA) project was begun in 1978 to develop, design, and demonstrate the technology and safe operation of selected tritium processing systems required for a fusion reactor. In 2001, the US Department of Energy (DOE) determined that TSTA's mission was complete and that the facility should be stabilized. At the completion of the stabilization project in 2003, TSTA was categorized as a radiological facility. Before stabilization was complete, the tritium inventory at TSTA was grouped in the following categories: tritium gas mixed with hydrogen isotopes, tritiated water absorbed on molecular sieve, tritium held up as a hydride on various metals, and tritium held up in process components. For each of these, tritium content was characterized, a path for removal was determined, and the proper disposal package was developed. Hydrogen exchange, calorimetry, direct sampling, pressure/composition/temperature, radiological smear surveys, and controlled regeneration were used to determine the tritium inventory for each category of tritium. After removal, the tritium inventory was either (1) sent to other facilities for reuse processing or (2) buried at the LANL radioactive waste disposal site. One complete experimental system was packaged and transferred to another DOE site for future use. Special burial containers were designed and fabricated for the inventory buried at the LANL radioactive waste disposal site. The project was conducted with low tritium emission to the environment and negligible personnel exposure. After the tritium removal was complete, all remaining hardware and piping were opened and vented; the facility emission was below 1 Ci per day. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Tesch, C (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. EM tesch@lanl.gov NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 1536-1055 J9 FUSION SCI TECHNOL JI Fusion Sci. Technol. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 48 IS 1 BP 258 EP 261 PG 4 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 944MO UT WOS:000230433300057 ER PT J AU Poore, AS Jacobs, WD AF Poore, AS Jacobs, WD TI New systems for waste processing of tritium-containing gases at the Savannah River site SO FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Tritium Science and Technology CY SEP 12-17, 2004 CL Baden Baden, GERMANY AB A project to relocate and consolidate tritium processing activities from old, second generation buildings to newer buildings was initiated in the late 1990's at the Savannah River Site. The new waste gas processing systems located in the newer facility utilize recent technology, including metal getters, an innovative permeator design, and TCAP (Thermal Cycling Absorption Process) technology for removal of residual tritium prior to releasing the effluent to the environment. Startup testing results (using protium and deuterium) and corresponding lessons learned for these systems are presented. These systems have since successfully completed tritium startup testing and are operational. C1 Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Savannah River Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. RP Poore, AS (reprint author), Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Savannah River Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. EM anita.poore@srnl.doe.gov NR 7 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 1536-1055 J9 FUSION SCI TECHNOL JI Fusion Sci. Technol. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 48 IS 1 BP 298 EP 301 PG 4 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 944MO UT WOS:000230433300065 ER PT J AU Longhurst, GR Anderl, RA Pawelko, RJ Stoots, CJ AF Longhurst, GR Anderl, RA Pawelko, RJ Stoots, CJ TI Storage and assay of tritium in STAR SO FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Tritium Science and Technology CY SEP 12-17, 2004 CL Baden Baden, GERMANY AB The Safety and Tritium Applied Research (STAR) facility at the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (INEEL) is currently being commissioned to investigate tritium-related safety questions for fusion and other technologies. The tritium inventory for the STAR facility will be maintained below 1.5 g to avoid the need for STAR to be classified as a Category 3 nuclear facility. A key capability in successful operation of the STAR facility is the ability to receive, inventory, and dispense tritium to the various experiments underway there. The system central to that function is the Tritium Storage and Assay System (SAS). The SAS has four major functions: (1) receiving and holding tritium, (2) assaying, (3) dispensing, and (4) purifying hydrogen isotopes from non-hydrogen species. This paper describes the design and operation of the STAR SAS and the procedures used for tritium accountancy in the STAR facility. C1 Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Longhurst, GR (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM gxl@inel.gov NR 3 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 1536-1055 J9 FUSION SCI TECHNOL JI Fusion Sci. Technol. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 48 IS 1 BP 332 EP 336 PG 5 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 944MO UT WOS:000230433300071 ER PT J AU Paglieri, SN Richmond, S Snow, RC Morris, JS Tuggle, DG AF Paglieri, SN Richmond, S Snow, RC Morris, JS Tuggle, DG TI High-concentration tritium sensor SO FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Tritium Science and Technology CY SEP 12-17, 2004 CL Baden Baden, GERMANY ID SILICON; RANGE AB A bi-layer device was fabricated and tested for the direct collection of electrons emitted by tritium beta decay. The sensor functions at high pressures and concentrations where previously no simple and cost effective direct measurement technique existed for tritium. A polished KOVAR(TM) (Fe-Ni-Co alloy) rod was coated with a I-pm thick insulating layer of alumina using electron-beam evaporation, physical vapor deposition (PVD) of alumina with oxygen dosing. The alumina deposition process was optimized to minimize pinholes and obtain a stable coating with high resistivity. The detector exhibited a nanoampere electrical response over a few decades of tritium concentration, up to pure tritium at 200 kPa. The sensor has been in service for several months now without showing signs of degradation and no discernible physical damage or change in efficiency has been observed. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Paglieri, SN (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM steve.paglieri@lanl.gov NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 1536-1055 J9 FUSION SCI TECHNOL JI Fusion Sci. Technol. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 48 IS 1 BP 349 EP 353 PG 5 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 944MO UT WOS:000230433300074 ER PT J AU Willms, RS Dogruel, D Myers, R Farrell, R AF Willms, RS Dogruel, D Myers, R Farrell, R TI A new solid state tritium surface monitor SO FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Tritium Science and Technology CY SEP 12-17, 2004 CL Baden Baden, GERMANY ID DETECTORS AB Traditionally the amount of tritium on a surface is determined by swiping the surface with a material such as filter paper and counting the removed tritium by scintillation. While effective, this method can be time consuming, can alter the surface, only measures removable tritium and produces radioactive waste. For a given application each of these considerations may or may not be a disadvantage. A solid state monitor, on the other hand, has the potential to provide rapid analysis, not alter the surface, measure all tritium on a surface and produce little or not radioactive waste. This allure has promoted open wall ion chamber and PIN diode-based tritium surface monitor development, and these techniques have enjoyed certain success. Recently the first tests were performed with an avalanche photodiode (APD) for surface tritium measurement. While quite similar in concept to PIN diode based measurements, side-by-side testing showed that the APD provided substantially better counting efficiency. Considerations included count rate, background, sensitivity, stability and effect of ambient light. Of particular importance in the US, the APD was able to measure concentrations down to the "free release" limit, i.e., the concentration below which items can be removed from radiological control areas. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. Radiat Monitoring Devices Inc, Watertown, MA 02472 USA. RP Willms, RS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mail Stop J964, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. EM willms@lanl.gov NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 1536-1055 J9 FUSION SCI TECHNOL JI Fusion Sci. Technol. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 48 IS 1 BP 409 EP 412 PG 4 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 944MO UT WOS:000230433300089 ER PT J AU Klein, JE AF Klein, JE TI In-bed accountability development for a passively cooled, electrically heated hydride (PACE) bed SO FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Tritium Science and Technology CY SEP 12-17, 2004 CL Baden Baden, GERMANY ID STORAGE BEDS; TRITIUM; CALORIMETRY AB A nominal 1500 STP-L PAssively Cooled, Electrically heated hydride (PACE) Bed has been developed for implementation into a new Savannah River Site tritium project. The 1.2 meter (four-foot) long process vessel contains on internal "U-tube" for tritium In-Bed Accountability (IBA) measurements. IBA will be performed on six, 12.6 kg production metal hydride storage beds. IBA tests were done on a prototype bed using electric heaters to simulate the radiolytic decay of tritium. Tests had gas flows from 10 to 100 SLPM through the U-tube or 100 SLPM through the bed's vacuum jacket. IBA inventory measurement errors at the 95% confidence level were calculated using the correlation of IBA gas temperature rise, or (hydride) bed temperature rise above ambient temperature, versus simulated tritium inventory. Prototype bed IBA inventory errors at 100 SLPM were the largest for gas flows through the vacuum jacket: 15.2 grams for the bed temperature rise and 11.5 grams for the gas temperature rise. For a 100 SLPM U-tube flow, the inventory error was 2.5 grams using bed temperature rise and 1.6 grams using gas temperature rise. For 50 to 100 SLPM U-tube flows, the IBA gas temperature rise inventory errors were nominally one to two grams that increased above four grams for flows less than 50 SLPM. For 50 to 100 SLPM U-tube flows, the IBA bed temperature rise inventory errors were greater than the gas temperature rise errors, but similar errors were found for both methods at gas flows of 20, 30, and 40 SLPM. Electric heater IBA tests were done for six production hydride beds using a 45 SLPM U-tube gas flow. Of the duplicate runs performed on these beds, five of the six beds produced IBA inventory errors of approximately three grams: consistent with results obtained in the laboratory prototype tests. C1 Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. RP Klein, JE (reprint author), Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. EM james.klein@srs.gov NR 7 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 1536-1055 J9 FUSION SCI TECHNOL JI Fusion Sci. Technol. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 48 IS 1 BP 416 EP 419 PG 4 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 944MO UT WOS:000230433300091 ER PT J AU Longhurst, GR Ambrosek, J AF Longhurst, GR Ambrosek, J TI Verification and validation of the tritium transport code TMAP7 SO FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Tritium Science and Technology CY SEP 12-17, 2004 CL Baden Baden, GERMANY ID POLYCRYSTALLINE TUNGSTEN; HYDROGEN AB The TMAP code has been upgraded to version 7, which includes radioactive decay along with many features implemented in prior versions. Pursuant to acceptance and release for distribution, the code was exercised in a variety of problem types to demonstrate that it provides results in agreement with theoretical results for cases where those are available. It has also been used to model certain experimental results. In this paper, the capabilities of the TAMP7 code are demonstrated by presenting some of the results from the verification and validation process. C1 Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. Univ Utah, Dept Chem & Fuels Engn, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. RP Longhurst, GR (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM gxl@inel.gov NR 7 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 1536-1055 J9 FUSION SCI TECHNOL JI Fusion Sci. Technol. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 48 IS 1 BP 468 EP 471 PG 4 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 944MO UT WOS:000230433300101 ER PT J AU Cowgill, DF AF Cowgill, DF TI Helium nano-bubble evolution in aging metal tritides SO FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Tritium Science and Technology CY SEP 12-17, 2004 CL Baden Baden, GERMANY ID AGED PALLADIUM TRITIDE; EQUATION-OF-STATE; PRESSURE; RELEASE; TEM; FLUID; DECAY AB ,4 continuum-scale, evolutionary model of bubble nucleation, growth and He release for aging metal tritides is described which accounts for major features of the tritide database. Bubble nucleation, modeled as self-trapping of interstitially diffusing He atoms, occurs during the first few days following tritium introduction into the metal Bubble growth by dislocation loop punching yields good agreement between He atomic volumes and bubble pressures determined from bulk swelling and He-3 NMR data. The bubble spacing distribution determined from NMR is shown to remain fixed with age, justifying the separation of nucleation and growth phases and providing a sensitive test of the growth formulation. Late in life, bubble interactions are proposed to produce cooperative stress effects, which lower the bubble pressure. Helium generated near surfaces and surface-connected porosity accounts for the low-level early helium release. Use of an average ligament stress criterion predicts an onset of inter-bubble fracture in good agreement with the He/Metal ratio observed for rapid He release. From the model, it is concluded that He retention can be controlled through control of bubble nucleation. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Cowgill, DF (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 969, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM dfcowgi@sandia.gov NR 28 TC 40 Z9 42 U1 4 U2 22 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 1536-1055 J9 FUSION SCI TECHNOL JI Fusion Sci. Technol. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 48 IS 1 BP 539 EP 544 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 944MO UT WOS:000230433300117 ER PT J AU Bach, HT Schwarz, RB Tuggle, DG AF Bach, HT Schwarz, RB Tuggle, DG TI Hydrogen, deuterium and tritium in palladium: An elastic constants study SO FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Tritium Science and Technology CY SEP 12-17, 2004 CL Baden Baden, GERMANY ID SYSTEM; MODULI; PDHX AB We have used resonant ultrasound spectroscopy to measure the three independent elastic constants of Pd-H, Pd-D, and Pd-T single crystal at 300K as a function of hydrogen, deuterium, and tritium concentration, respectively. The addition of interstitial H (D, or T) atoms, located at (0, 1/2, 0) in the fcc Pd lattice, affects all three elastic constants C', C-44, and B. In the mixed (a+beta) phase, and with increasing H isotope, the shear modulus C' shows an abnormal softening whereas C-44 and B do not. This is explained in terms of Zener-type anelastic relaxations affecting the shape of the hydride phases in the coherent(alpha+beta) two-phase mixture In the single A phase, C' shows a strong isotope dependence whereas C-44 and B show none. This behavior is explained in terms of differences in the excitation of optical phonons. In Pd-T, He-3 is produced by the radioactive decay of tritium. We have measured in situ the swelling and the change in the elastic constants in Pd-T as a function of aging time. Aging (He formation) affects all three elastic constants. These measurements are being used to understand the early stages of H-3-He-3 cluster formation in aged Pd-T crystal. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Engn Sci & Applicat Div, Tritium Sci & Engn Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Struct & Property Relat Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Bach, HT (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Engn Sci & Applicat Div, Tritium Sci & Engn Grp, MS C927, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM hbach@lanl.gov NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 1536-1055 J9 FUSION SCI TECHNOL JI Fusion Sci. Technol. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 48 IS 1 BP 545 EP 550 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 944MO UT WOS:000230433300118 ER PT J AU Tanabe, T Sugiyama, K Skinner, CH Bekris, N Gentile, CA Coad, JP AF Tanabe, T Sugiyama, K Skinner, CH Bekris, N Gentile, CA Coad, JP TI Tritium retention in the gap between the plasma-facing carbon tiles used in D-T discharge phase in JET and TFTR SO FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Tritium Science and Technology CY SEP 12-17, 2004 CL Baden Baden, GERMANY ID FUSION TEST REACTOR; DEPOSITION; REMOVAL; WALL AB Tritium accumulating in codeposits in the gaps between plasma facing components is a safety concern in next step fusion machines as suitable removal techniques have yet not been developed. We report on Imaging Plate measurements of the tritium areal distribution on the side surface of graphite/CFC tiles installed in the TFTR bumper limiter and JET Mk IIA divertor, both of which were exposed to D-T discharges. The tritium profiles on the four sides of TFTR tiles showed a short- and long-range decay pattern. In case of JET divertor tiles, only a small amount of tritium retention was detected on the tiles side facing the toroidal direction, while tritium retention was very large on the side facing the poloidal direction. These retention properties showed that the orientation or alignment of plasma facing component plays important role on the tritium retention in the gaps of those machines. C1 Nagoya Univ, Grad Sch Engn, Chikusa Ku, Nagoya, Aichi 4648603, Japan. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Tritium Lab, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany. EURATOM, Culham Sci Ctr, Abingdon OX14 3DB, Oxon, England. RP Tanabe, T (reprint author), Nagoya Univ, Grad Sch Engn, Chikusa Ku, Furo Cho, Nagoya, Aichi 4648603, Japan. EM tanabe@cirse.nagoya-u.ac.jp RI Bekris Dr, Nicolas/F-9104-2014 OI Bekris Dr, Nicolas/0000-0003-3621-9082 NR 12 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 1536-1055 EI 1943-7641 J9 FUSION SCI TECHNOL JI Fusion Sci. Technol. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 48 IS 1 BP 577 EP 580 PG 4 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 944MO UT WOS:000230433300125 ER PT J AU Heung, LK Staack, GC AF Heung, LK Staack, GC TI Hydrogen isotope exchange properties of porous solids containing hydrogen SO FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Tritium Science and Technology CY SEP 12-17, 2004 CL Baden Baden, GERMANY ID STRIPPER AB The use of catalysts to improve the exchange kinetics between hydrogen isotopes in the gas phase and that in the solid phase was investigated. Granules of alumina, silica and molecular sieve were coated with platinum as the catalyst. The granules saturated with water at room humidity were packed in a 2-cm diameter column for isotope exchange tests. Deuterium and protium were alternately fed through the column at a constant rate. Isotope concentration in column effluent was monitored to generate isotope break-through curves. The curves were analyzed to produce information on the kinetics and capacity of the material. The results showed that all materials tested provided some extent of isotope exchange but some were superior both in kinetics and capacity. This paper will present the test results. C1 Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Savannah River Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. RP Heung, LK (reprint author), Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Savannah River Lab, 773-A,C-149, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. EM leung.heung@srs.gov NR 4 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 1536-1055 J9 FUSION SCI TECHNOL JI Fusion Sci. Technol. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 48 IS 1 BP 585 EP 588 PG 4 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 944MO UT WOS:000230433300127 ER PT J AU Venhaus, T Poths, J AF Venhaus, T Poths, J TI Observations on He-3 release from ErT2 films SO FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Tritium Science and Technology CY SEP 12-17, 2004 CL Baden Baden, GERMANY ID METAL TRITIDES; HELIUM RELEASE; ERBIUM; DESORPTION AB We have hydrided thin (500 nm) films of Er with tritium to a stoichiometry of ErT2, and have been observing their He-3 release characteristics at very low He-3/Er ratios. The films are stored in vacuum-tight metal containers and sampled on a timescale ranging from a day to several months. Analysis is performed with very high sensitivity using static noble gas mass spectrometry. For the first several years, He-3 release is a fairly constant function of helium generation, and does not depend on the amount of helium accumulated in the film. There appears to be somewhat higher helium release at very early times (up to 2%), decreasing over 6 months to a fairly flat value (0.7%). This observation is consistent with a bubble nucleation and growth mechanism. The very early release behavior does not appear to be dependent upon the presence or growth of surface oxide layers. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Venhaus, T (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663,MS-C927, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM venhaus@lanl.gov NR 15 TC 4 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 1536-1055 J9 FUSION SCI TECHNOL JI Fusion Sci. Technol. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 48 IS 1 BP 601 EP 604 PG 4 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 944MO UT WOS:000230433300131 ER PT J AU Fukada, S Anderl, RA Sagara, A Nishikawa, M AF Fukada, S Anderl, RA Sagara, A Nishikawa, M TI Diffusion coefficient of tritium through molten salt Flibe and rate of tritium leak from fusion reactor system SO FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Tritium Science and Technology CY SEP 12-17, 2004 CL Baden Baden, GERMANY ID RECOVERY; BEHAVIOR; BLANKET AB Diffusion coefficients of hydrogen isotopes in Flibe were correlated with making reference to previous relating data of F- ion self-diffusivity and Flibe viscosity and so on. Rates of tritium permeation through structural materials in a fusion reactor system with Flibe blanket were estimated comparatively under conditions with or without a Flibe permeation barrier. A way to lower the tritium leak rate below a level regulated by law was proposed, and its effectiveness was discussed. C1 Kyushu Univ, Fukuoka 8128581, Japan. Idaho Natl Engn & Environm Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. Natl Inst Fus Sci, Toki 5095292, Japan. RP Fukada, S (reprint author), Kyushu Univ, Fukuoka 8128581, Japan. EM sfukada@nucl.kyushi-u.ac.jp; raa@inel.gov; sagara.akio@nifs.ac.jp; nishikaw@nucl.kyushu-u.ac.jp NR 14 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 1536-1055 J9 FUSION SCI TECHNOL JI Fusion Sci. Technol. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 48 IS 1 BP 666 EP 669 PG 4 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 944MO UT WOS:000230433300147 ER PT J AU North, M Macal, C Campbell, P AF North, M Macal, C Campbell, P TI Oh behave! Agent-based behavioral representations in problem solving environments SO FUTURE GENERATION COMPUTER SYSTEMS-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ESCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Scientific Visualisation and Human-Machine Interaction in a Problem Solving Environment CY JUN, 2003 CL Melbourne, AUSTRALIA DE problem solving environments; agent-based modelling; behavioral representations AB The development of deregulated electricity systems around the world has produced the need for simulation systems that are capable of addressing the complexities that arise in the new markets. Agent-based models allow the use of complex adaptive systems approaches that are capable of producing tools or problem solving environments that can address the behavior of each of the participants within the electricity market. The agents in the tools are allowed to establish their own objectives and apply their own decision rules. They can be developed to learn from their previous experiences and change their behavior when future opportunities arise. In this paper, we will argue that the same type of agent-based technology that is used to produce "realistic" agent behavior in agent-based simulation tools at Argonne National Laboratory can also be used to embed these tools in problem solving environments. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM north@anl.gov; macal@anl.gov; campbell@anl.gov NR 8 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-739X EI 1872-7115 J9 FUTURE GENER COMP SY JI Futur. Gener. Comp. Syst. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 21 IS 7 BP 1192 EP 1198 DI 10.1016/j.future.2004.04.006 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA 942NI UT WOS:000230288700022 ER PT J AU Loots, GG Kneissel, M Keller, H Baptist, M Chang, J Collette, NM Ovcharenko, D Plajzer-Frick, I Rubin, EM AF Loots, GG Kneissel, M Keller, H Baptist, M Chang, J Collette, NM Ovcharenko, D Plajzer-Frick, I Rubin, EM TI Genomic deletion of a long-range bone enhancer misregulates sclerostin in Van Buchem disease SO GENOME RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID DELTA-BETA-THALASSEMIA; CHROMOSOME 17Q12-Q21; BMP ANTAGONIST; GLOBIN GENE; SOST GENE; REGION; DENSITY; IDENTIFICATION; MARKERS; PROTEIN AB Mutations in distant regulatory elements can have a negative impact on human development and health, yet because of the difficulty of detecting these critical sequences, we predominantly focus on coding sequences for diagnostic purposes. We have undertaken a comparative sequence-based approach to characterize a large noncoding region deleted in patients affected by Van Buchem (VB) disease, a severe sclerosing bone dysplasia. Using BAC recombination and transgenesis, we characterized the expression of human sclerostin (SOST) from normal (SOSTwt or Van Buchem (SOSTvb Delta) alleles. Only the SOSTwt allele faithfully expressed high levels of human SOST in the adult bone and had an impact on bone metabolism, consistent with the model that the VB noncoding deletion removes a SOST-specific regulatory element. By exploiting cross-species sequence comparisons with in vitro and in vivo enhancer assays, we were able to identify a candidate enhancer element that drives human SOST expression in osteoblast-like cell lines in vitro and in the skeletal anlage of the embryonic day 14.S (E14.S) mouse embryo, and discovered a novel function for sclerostin during limb development. Our approach represents a framework for characterizing distant regulatory elements associated with abnormal human phenotypes. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Novartis Inst Biomed Res, Basel, Switzerland. US DOE, Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA. Lawrence Livermore Lab, Genome Biol Div, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Loots, GG (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM loots1@llnl.gov FU NICHD NIH HHS [HD47853-01, R01 HD047853] NR 35 TC 233 Z9 249 U1 1 U2 8 PU COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS, PUBLICATIONS DEPT PI WOODBURY PA 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2924 USA SN 1088-9051 J9 GENOME RES JI Genome Res. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 15 IS 7 BP 928 EP 935 DI 10.1101/gr.3437105 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 944JQ UT WOS:000230424000003 PM 15965026 ER PT J AU Alm, EJ Huang, KH Price, MN Koche, RP Keller, K Dubchak, IL Arkin, AP AF Alm, EJ Huang, KH Price, MN Koche, RP Keller, K Dubchak, IL Arkin, AP TI The MicrobesOnline web site for comparative genomics SO GENOME RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID CONSERVED DOMAIN ALIGNMENTS; PROTEIN FAMILIES; SWISS-PROT; DATABASE; GENE; RESOURCE; IDENTIFICATION; SUPPLEMENT; SEQUENCE; INTERPRO AB At present, hundreds of microbial genomes have been sequenced, and hundreds more are currently in the pipeline. The Virtual Institute for Microbial Stress and Survival has developed a publicly available Suite of Web-based comparative genomic tools (http://www.microbesonline.org) designed to facilitate multispecies comparison among prokaryotes. Highlights of the MicrobesOnline Web site include operon and regulon predictions, a multispecies genome browser, a multispecies Gene Ontology browser, a comparative KEGG metabolic pathway viewer, a Bioinformatics Workbench for in-depth sequence analysis, and Gene Carts that allow users to save genes of interest for further study while they browse. In addition, we provide an interface for genome annotation, which like all of the tools reported here, is freely available to the scientific community. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Genom Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Howard Hughes Med Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Arkin, AP (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM aparkin@lbl.gov RI Arkin, Adam/A-6751-2008; OI Arkin, Adam/0000-0002-4999-2931; Price, Morgan/0000-0002-4251-0362 NR 35 TC 136 Z9 144 U1 0 U2 8 PU COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS, PUBLICATIONS DEPT PI WOODBURY PA 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2924 USA SN 1088-9051 J9 GENOME RES JI Genome Res. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 15 IS 7 BP 1015 EP 1022 DI 10.1101/gr.3844805 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 944JQ UT WOS:000230424000013 PM 15998914 ER PT J AU Boily, JF Sjoberg, S Persson, P AF Boily, JF Sjoberg, S Persson, P TI Structures and stabilities of Cd(II) and Cd(II)-phthalate complexes at the goethite/water interface SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID BENZENECARBOXYLATE SURFACE COMPLEXATION; SOLID-SOLUTION INTERFACE; (ALPHA-FEOOH)/WATER INTERFACE; WATER INTERFACE; ALPHA-FEOOH; OXYHYDROXIDE MINERALS; IRON OXYHYDROXIDE; PROTON BINDING; ION ADSORPTION; FERRIC-OXIDE AB The complexation of Cd(II) and Cd(II)-phthalate at the goethite/water interface were investigated by EXAFS and IR spectroscopy, by batch adsorption experiments and by potentiometric titrations at 298.15 K. The EXAFS spectra showed Cd(IT) to form only inner-sphere corner-sharing complexes with the goethite surface sites in the presence and absence of phthalate. EXAFS spectra also showed the presence of Cd(II)-chloride complexes in 0.1 mol/L NaCl. IR spectra also showed phthalate to form (1) an inner-sphere complex with adsorbed corner-sharing Cd(II) surface complexes in the pH 3.5 to 9.5 and (2) an outer-sphere complex with the same type of corner-sharing Cd(II) complex however at pH > 6, in addition to the inner- and outer-sphere complexes of phthalate reported in a previous study. The potentiometric fitration and the batch adsorption data were used to constrain the formation constants of the different Cd(II)-phthalate surface complexes on the dominant {110} and the {001} planes of the goethite. The models were carried out with the Charge Distribution Multisite Complexation model coupled to the Three Plane Model and can predict the molecular-scale speciation of cadmium and phthalate in the presence of goethite. Cd(II) adsorption models calibrated on a 90 m(2)/g goethite also could accurately predict experimental data for a 37 m(2)/g goethite of slightly different basic charging properties. Copyright (C) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Umea Univ, Dept Chem Inorgan Chem, S-90187 Umea, Sweden. RP Boily, JF (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM boily@pnl.gov RI Persson, Per/D-7388-2012 OI Persson, Per/0000-0001-9172-3068 NR 68 TC 30 Z9 32 U1 4 U2 25 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 EI 1872-9533 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD JUL 1 PY 2005 VL 69 IS 13 BP 3219 EP 3235 DI 10.1016/j.gca.2004.12.013 PG 17 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 944ZS UT WOS:000230470500003 ER PT J AU Edwards, DC Nielsen, SB Jarzecki, AA Spiro, TG Myneni, SCB AF Edwards, DC Nielsen, SB Jarzecki, AA Spiro, TG Myneni, SCB TI Experimental and theoretical vibrational spectroscopy studies of acetohydroxamic acid and desferrioxamine B in aqueous solution: Effects of pH and iron complexation SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID HYDROXAMIC ACIDS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; SURFACE COMPLEXATION; CHELATING PROPERTIES; FERRIOXAMINE-E; SIDEROPHORES; DISSOCIATION; GOETHITE; SOLUBILIZATION; DISSOLUTION AB The deprotonation and iron complexation of the hydroxamate siderophore, desferrioxamine B (desB), and a model hydroxamate ligand, acetohydroxamic acid (aHa), were studied using infrared, resonance Raman and UV-vis spectroscopy. The experimental spectra were interpreted by a comparison with DFT calculated spectra of aHa (partly hydrated) and desB (reactive groups of unhydrated molecule) at the B3LYP/6-31G* level of theory. The ab initio models include three water molecules surrounding the deprotonation site of aHa to account for partial hydration. Experiments and calculations were also conducted in D2O to verify spectral assignments. These studies of aHa suggest that the cis-keto-aHa is the dominant form, and its deprotonation occurs at the oxime oxygen atom in aqueous solutions. The stable form of iron-complexed aHa is identified as Fe(aHa)(3) for a wide range of pH conditions. The spectral information of aHa and an ab initio model of desB were used to interpret the chemical state of different functional groups in desB. Vibrational spectra of desB indicate that the oxime and amide carbonyl groups can be identified unambiguously. Vibrational spectral analysis of the oxime carbonyl after deprotonation and iron complexation of desB indicates that the conformational changes between anion and the iron-complexed anion are small. Enhanced electron delocalization in the oxime group of Fe-desB when compared to that of Fe(aHa)(3) may be responsible for higher stability constant of the former. Copyright (C) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. C1 Princeton Univ, Dept Chem, Frick Lab, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Princeton Univ, Dept Geosci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Edwards, DC (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Chem, Frick Lab, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. EM dcedward@princeton.edu RI Brondsted Nielsen, Steen/G-5844-2016 NR 40 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 2 U2 27 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD JUL 1 PY 2005 VL 69 IS 13 BP 3237 EP 3248 DI 10.1016/j.gca.2005.01.030 PG 12 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 944ZS UT WOS:000230470500004 ER PT J AU Spycher, N Pruess, K AF Spycher, N Pruess, K TI CO2-H2O mixtures in the geological sequestration of CO2 center dot. II. Partitioning in chloride brines at 12-100 degrees C and up to 600 bar SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID PHASE-EQUILIBRIA; CARBON-DIOXIDE; SODIUM-CHLORIDE; CO2 SOLUBILITY; GAS SOLUBILITY; THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES; ELEVATED-TEMPERATURES; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; PURE WATER AB Correlations presented by Spycher et al. (2003) to compute the mutual solubilities of CO2 and H2O are extended to include the effect of chloride salts in the aqueous phase. This is accomplished by including, in the original formulation, activity coefficients for aqueous CO2 derived from several literature sources, primarily for NaCl solutions. Best results are obtained when combining the solubility correlations of Spycher et al. (2003) with the activity coefficient formulation of Rumpf et al. (1994) and Duan and Sun (2003), which can be extended to chloride solutions other than NaCl. This approach allows computing mutual solubilities in a noniterative manner with an accuracy typically within experimental uncertainty for solutions up to 6 molal NaCl and 4 molal CaCl2. Copyright (C) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Spycher, N (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, MS 90-1116,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM nspycher@lbl.gov RI Spycher, Nicolas/E-6899-2010 NR 40 TC 216 Z9 220 U1 5 U2 44 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD JUL 1 PY 2005 VL 69 IS 13 BP 3309 EP 3320 DI 10.1016/j.gca.2005.01.015 PG 12 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 944ZS UT WOS:000230470500010 ER PT J AU Briner, JP Kaufman, DS Manley, WE Finkel, RC Caffee, MW AF Briner, JP Kaufman, DS Manley, WE Finkel, RC Caffee, MW TI Cosmogenic exposure dating of late Pleistocene moraine stabilization in Alaska SO GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE cosmogenic exposure dating; moraine; Alaska; last glacial maximum; penultimate glaciation ID SOUTHWESTERN AHKLUN MOUNTAINS; LAST GLACIAL MAXIMUM; KIGLUAIK MOUNTAINS; HOLOCENE GLACIER; SOIL-DEVELOPMENT; SIERRA-NEVADA; CENTRAL YUKON; BROOKS RANGE; AGE; CHRONOLOGY AB Seventy-three new Be-10/Al-26 ages from 57 moraine boulders and 2 tors, together with 43 previously published cosmogenic exposure ages from 41 moraine boulders, allow us to critique the use of cosmogenic exposure (CE) dating of moraine boulders in Alaska. Boulder exhumation during moraine degradation likely gives rise to the largest uncertainty in constraining the timing of initial moraine stabilization following ice retreat. Isotopic inheritance appears to be most important for moraines deposited close to their cirque headwalls. Boulder-surface (bedrock) erosion rate can be roughly constrained and leads to a range in moraine stabilization ages. Snow-cover history is difficult to constrain, but its effect is thought to be minor for the tall boulders sampled. Despite these complications, the CE ages provide important new information regarding the timing of the last and penultimate glaciations in Alaska. Three penultimate moraines yielded CE ages that overlap with marine isotope stage (MIS) 4/early MIS 3 (45-65 ka) rather than MIS 6 (ca. 140 ka). Based on a combination of our new CE chronologies and existing C-14 ages from six study areas, glaciers retreated from their local late Wisconsin maxima: ca. 24-27 ka, Kokrines Hills (west-interior Alaska); ca. 24-26 ka, northeastern Brooks Range (NE Alaska); ca. 21-23 ka, Yukon Tanana Upland (east-interior Alaska); ca. 22 ka, Ahklun Mountains (SW Alaska); ca. 20 ka, western Alaska Range (central Alaska); ca. 16-18 ka, Chuilnuk Mountains (SW Alaska). Overall, glacier retreat was concurrent with the peak of the last global glacial maximum, probably in response to limited moisture availability. C1 Univ Colorado, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. No Arizona Univ, Dept Geol, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. No Arizona Univ, Dept Environm Sci, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Purdue Univ, Purdue Rare Isotope Measurement Lab, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Purdue Univ, Dept Phys, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Briner, JP (reprint author), SUNY Buffalo, Dept Geol, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. EM jbriner@buffalo.edu; darrell.kaufman@nau.edu; william.manley@colorado.edu; finkel1@llnl.gov; mcaffee@physics.purdue.edu RI Kaufman, Darrell/A-2471-2008; Caffee, Marc/K-7025-2015 OI Kaufman, Darrell/0000-0002-7572-1414; Caffee, Marc/0000-0002-6846-8967 NR 69 TC 99 Z9 101 U1 9 U2 22 PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMERICA, INC PI BOULDER PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA SN 0016-7606 J9 GEOL SOC AM BULL JI Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 117 IS 7-8 BP 1108 EP 1120 DI 10.1130/B25649.1 PG 13 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 938HS UT WOS:000229991100019 ER PT J AU Zhang, LB Rector, JW Hoversten, GM AF Zhang, LB Rector, JW Hoversten, GM TI Eikonal solver in the celerity domain SO GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE fast sweeping method; finite-difference methods; traveltime ID FINITE-DIFFERENCE CALCULATION; HAMILTON-JACOBI EQUATIONS; TRAVEL-TIMES; COMPUTATION; MEDIA AB A finite-difference method for computing the first-arrival traveltimes by solving the eikonal equation in the celerity domain has been developed. This algorithm incorporates the head and diffraction wave. We also adapt a fast sweeping method, which is extremely simple to implement in any number of dimensions, to obtain accurate first-arrival times in complex velocity models. The method, which is stable and computationally efficient, can handle instabilities due to caustics and provide head wave traveltimes. Numerical examples demonstrate that the celerity domain eikonal solver provides accurate first-arrival traveltimes. This new method is three times accurate more than the second-order fast marching method in a linear velocity model with the same spacing. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Zhang, LB (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM lbzhang@lbl.gov NR 20 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0956-540X J9 GEOPHYS J INT JI Geophys. J. Int. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 162 IS 1 BP 1 EP 8 DI 10.1111/j.1365-246X.2005.02626.x PG 8 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 937GR UT WOS:000229913100001 ER PT J AU Xia, JH Doll, WE Miller, RD Gamey, TJ Emond, AM AF Xia, JH Doll, WE Miller, RD Gamey, TJ Emond, AM TI A moving hum filter to suppress rotor noise in high-resolution airborne magnetic data SO GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Article AB A unique filtering approach is developed to eliminate helicopter rotor noise. It is designed to suppress harmonic noise from a rotor that varies slightly in amplitude, phase, and frequency and that contaminates aeromagnetic data. The filter provides a powerful harmonic noise-suppression tool for data acquired with modern large-dynamic-range recording systems. This three-step approach - polynomial fitting, bandpass filtering, and rotor-noise synthesis - significantly reduces rotor noise without altering the spectra of signals of interest. Two steps before hum filtering - polynomial fitting and bandpass filtering - are critical to accurately model the weak rotor noise. During rotor-noise synthesis, amplitude, phase, and frequency are determined. Data are processed segment by segment so that there is no limit on the length of data. The segment length changes dynamically along a line based on modeling results. Modeling the rotor noise is stable and efficient. Real-world data examples demonstrate that this method can suppress rotor noise by more than 95% when implemented in an aeromagnetic data-processing flow. C1 Univ Kansas, Kansas Geol Survey, Lawrence, KS 66047 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Xia, JH (reprint author), Univ Kansas, Kansas Geol Survey, 1930 Constant Ave, Lawrence, KS 66047 USA. EM jxia@kgs.ku.edu; dollwe@ornl.gov; rmiller@kgs.ku.edu; gameytj@orl.gov; aemond@mines.utah.edu NR 14 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU SOC EXPLORATION GEOPHYSICISTS PI TULSA PA 8801 S YALE ST, TULSA, OK 74137 USA SN 0016-8033 J9 GEOPHYSICS JI Geophysics PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 70 IS 4 BP G69 EP G76 DI 10.1190/1.1990216 PG 8 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 949TH UT WOS:000230810500010 ER PT J AU Vasco, DW Ferretti, A AF Vasco, DW Ferretti, A TI On the use of quasi-static deformation to understand reservoir fluid flow SO GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PERMANENT SCATTERERS; SURFACE DISPLACEMENT; RADAR INTERFEROMETRY; SAR INTERFEROMETRY; PRESSURE; CONSOLIDATION; DISLOCATIONS; SUBSIDENCE; INVERSION; MODEL AB Deformation above a producing reservoir provides a valuable source of information concerning fluid flow and flow properties. Quasi-static deformation occurs when the displacements are so slow that we may neglect inertial terms in the equations of motion. We present a method for inferring reservoir volume change and flow properties, such as permeability, from observations of quasi-static deformation. Such displacements may represent surface deformation such as tilt, leveling, interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR), or bathymetry observations or subsurface deformation, as inferred from time-lapse seismic surveys. In our approach, the equation for fluid flow in a deforming reservoir provides a mapping from estimated fractional volume changes to reservoir permeability variations. If the reservoir behaves poroelastically over the interval of interest, all the steps in this approach are linear. Thus, the inference of reservoir permeability from deformation data becomes a linear inverse problem. In an application to the Wilmington oil field in California, we find that observed surface displacements, obtained by leveling and InSAR, are indeed compatible with measured reservoir volume fluxes. We find that the permeability variations in certain layers coincide with faultblock boundaries suggesting that, in some cases, faults are controlling fluid flow at depth. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Politecn Milan, Dipartimento Elettron & Informaz, I-20133 Milan, Italy. RP Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd,90-1116, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM dwvasco@lbl.gov; alessandro.ferretti@treuropa.com RI Vasco, Donald/I-3167-2016 OI Vasco, Donald/0000-0003-1210-8628 NR 53 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 4 U2 8 PU SOC EXPLORATION GEOPHYSICISTS PI TULSA PA 8801 S YALE ST, TULSA, OK 74137 USA SN 0016-8033 EI 1942-2156 J9 GEOPHYSICS JI Geophysics PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 70 IS 4 BP O13 EP O27 DI 10.1190/1.1993711 PG 15 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 949TH UT WOS:000230810500019 ER PT J AU Wu, CL Harris, JM Nihei, KT Nakagawa, S AF Wu, CL Harris, JM Nihei, KT Nakagawa, S TI Two-dimensional finite-difference seismic modeling of an open fluid-filled fracture: Comparison of thin-layer and linear-slip models SO GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 72nd Annual International Meeting of the Society-for Exploration-Geophysicists CY OCT 06-11, 2002 CL Salt Lake City, UT SP Soc Explorat Geophys ID WAVES; GRIDS AB Within the context of seismic wave propagation, fractures can be described as thin layers or linear-slip interfaces. In this paper, numerical simulations of elastic wave propagation in a medium with a single fracture represented by these two models are performed by 2D finite-difference codes: a variable-grid isotropic code for the thin-layer model and a regular-grid anisotropic code for the linear-slip model. Numerical results show excellent agreement between the two models for wavefields away from the fracture; the only discrepancy between the two is the presence of a slow wave traveling primarily within the fracture fluid of the thin-layer model. The comparison of the computational cost shows that modeling of the linear-slip model is more efficient than that of the thin-layer model. This study demonstrates that the linear-slip model is an efficient and accurate modeling approach for the remote seismic characterization of fractures. C1 Stanford Univ, Dept Geophys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Wu, CL (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Geophys, 397 Panama Mall, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM clwu@pangea.stanford.edu; harris@pangea.stanford.edu; ktnihei@lbl.gov; snakagawa@lbl.gov RI Nakagawa, Seiji/F-9080-2015; Nihei, Kurt/K-1239-2016 OI Nakagawa, Seiji/0000-0002-9347-0903; NR 14 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 5 PU SOC EXPLORATION GEOPHYSICISTS PI TULSA PA 8801 S YALE ST, TULSA, OK 74137 USA SN 0016-8033 J9 GEOPHYSICS JI Geophysics PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 70 IS 4 BP T57 EP T62 DI 10.1190/1.1988187 PG 6 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 949TH UT WOS:000230810500025 ER PT J AU McLin, SG AF McLin, SG TI Estimating aquifer transmissivity from specific capacity using MATLAB SO GROUND WATER LA English DT Article AB Historically, specific capacity information has been used to calculate aquifer transmissivity when pumping test data are unavailable. This paper presents a simple computer program written in the MATLAB programming language that estimates transmissivity from specific capacity data while correcting for aquifer partial penetration and well efficiency. The program graphically plots transmissivity as a function of these factors so that the user can visually estimate their relative importance in a particular application. The program is compatible with any computer operating system running MATLAB, including Windows, Macintosh OS, Linux, and Unix. Two simple examples illustrate program usage. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP McLin, SG (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663,MS-K497, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. EM sgm@lanl.gov NR 5 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0017-467X J9 GROUND WATER JI Ground Water PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 43 IS 4 BP 611 EP 614 DI 10.1111/j.1745-6584.2005.0101.x PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA 943DB UT WOS:000230331200018 PM 16029186 ER PT J AU Tomasi, D AF Tomasi, D TI Clinical MR neuroimaging: Diffusion, perfusion and spectroscopy SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Book Review C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Tomasi, D (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, POB 5000, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Tomasi, Dardo/J-2127-2015 NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 BP 95 EP 96 DI 10.1097/00004032-200507000-00011 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 937JL UT WOS:000229920300011 ER PT J AU Abelquist, EW AF Abelquist, EW TI MARSSIM final status survey approach for soils at the rocky flats closure project. SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 SU S BP S86 EP S87 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 938FS UT WOS:000229985900233 ER PT J AU Allen, RW Buckley, WF AF Allen, RW Buckley, WF TI Nuclear and radiological threats. SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 SU S BP S91 EP S91 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 938FS UT WOS:000229985900245 ER PT J AU Antonio, EJ Rhoads, K AF Antonio, EJ Rhoads, K TI Collective dose to minority and low-income populations from radionuclide air emissions at the Hanford Site SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 SU S BP S41 EP S41 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 938FS UT WOS:000229985900109 ER PT J AU Bailey, PD Yu, C Kamboj, S Cheng, JJ AF Bailey, PD Yu, C Kamboj, S Cheng, JJ TI Early-phase emergency-worker-protection stay time tables for responders with a variety of health physics information and personal protective equipment SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US Dept Homeland Secur, Environm Measurements Lab, New York, NY 10014 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 SU S BP S23 EP S23 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 938FS UT WOS:000229985900059 ER PT J AU Bair, WJ AF Bair, WJ TI Herbert M. Parker, a health physics legend SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 SU S BP S60 EP S60 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 938FS UT WOS:000229985900163 ER PT J AU Baker, SI Moore, EF Pardo, RC Savard, G AF Baker, SI Moore, EF Pardo, RC Savard, G TI Shielding cask for a Cf-252 ion source SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 SU S BP S34 EP S34 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 938FS UT WOS:000229985900088 ER PT J AU Bamberger, JA Penn, LL Glissmeyer, JA AF Bamberger, JA Penn, LL Glissmeyer, JA TI Evaluating atmospheric release fractions from water jet waste 2 retrieval. SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 SU S BP S69 EP S69 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 938FS UT WOS:000229985900187 ER PT J AU Barnett, JM Ballinger, MY Recknagle, KP Yokuda, ST AF Barnett, JM Ballinger, MY Recknagle, KP Yokuda, ST TI Computational modeling of a stack sampling location for radioactive air emissions SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 SU S BP S39 EP S40 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 938FS UT WOS:000229985900105 ER PT J AU Biwer, BM LePoire, DJ Lazaro, MA Allison, T Kamboj, S Chen, SY AF Biwer, BM LePoire, DJ Lazaro, MA Allison, T Kamboj, S Chen, SY TI Risk-RDD, a radiological incident risk management tool. SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 SU S BP S63 EP S64 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 938FS UT WOS:000229985900171 ER PT J AU Boerner, AJ AF Boerner, AJ TI Highlights of the first fifty years of the Health Physics Society SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 SU S BP S60 EP S60 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 938FS UT WOS:000229985900162 ER PT J AU Buhl, T AF Buhl, T TI Radiation, risk and RECA - Equitable compensation for uranium mining and milling workers, NTS downwinders, and on-site test participants SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Santa Fe, NM 87505 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 SU S BP S46 EP S47 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 938FS UT WOS:000229985900125 ER PT J AU Conklin, WC Domotor, SL Wallo, A AF Conklin, WC Domotor, SL Wallo, A TI Operational guidelines and their application within a framework for consequence management of a radiological dispersal device incident SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US DOE, Washington, DC 20585 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 SU S BP S24 EP S24 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 938FS UT WOS:000229985900060 ER PT J AU Cummings, FM AF Cummings, FM TI The HPS Laboratory Accreditation Program SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Idaho Natl Engn Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 SU S BP S43 EP S43 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 938FS UT WOS:000229985900115 ER PT J AU Davidson, GR Kathren, RL Shockley, VE Thomas, EM AF Davidson, GR Kathren, RL Shockley, VE Thomas, EM TI Estimation of organ doses from diagnostic X-rays for dose reconstruction SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 GRD Analyt Inc, Glenview, IL USA. Washington State Univ, Richland, WA USA. Dade Moeller & Associates Inc, Richland, WA USA. Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Cincinnati, OH USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 SU S BP S53 EP S53 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 938FS UT WOS:000229985900142 ER PT J AU Domotor, SL Higley, KA Yu, C LePoire, D Klett, T Kamboj, S AF Domotor, SL Higley, KA Yu, C LePoire, D Klett, T Kamboj, S TI Enhanced capabilities of RESRAD-BIOTA: A computer program providing a graded approach for assessing radiological impact to nonhuman biota SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Oregon State Univ, Radiat Ctr 100, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. US DOE, Washington, DC 20585 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 SU S BP S5 EP S5 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 938FS UT WOS:000229985900013 ER PT J AU Fasso, A AF Fasso, A TI Accelerator shielding design: From protons to electrons, from America to Europe and back - Morgan lecture SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 SLAC RP, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 SU S BP S33 EP S33 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 938FS UT WOS:000229985900085 ER PT J AU Fish, M Murray, W AF Fish, M Murray, W TI ORAU Team Worker Outreach Program's use of TopHat to address worker and stakeholder concerns SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Cincinnati, OH 45212 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 SU S BP S52 EP S52 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 938FS UT WOS:000229985900140 ER PT J AU Fix, JJ Strom, DJ Traub, RJ AF Fix, JJ Strom, DJ Traub, RJ TI Correcting neutron dosimetry records for epidemiology. Part I: Determining a bias factor. SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99336 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 SU S BP S67 EP S67 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 938FS UT WOS:000229985900180 ER PT J AU Fresquez, PR Vasquez-Tator, LM Lopez, EA AF Fresquez, PR Vasquez-Tator, LM Lopez, EA TI Tritium concentrations in vegetation as a function of distance from a low-level radioactive waste site at Los Alamos National Laboratory SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 SU S BP S4 EP S4 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 938FS UT WOS:000229985900010 ER PT J AU Fritz, BG Dirkes, RL Glines, WM AF Fritz, BG Dirkes, RL Glines, WM TI Soil sampling to demonstrate compliance with Department of Energy (DOE) authorized limits for the radiological release of Hanford Reach National Monument lands in accordance with DOe order 5400.5 requirements. SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Dept Energy, Richland Operat Off, Richland, WA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 SU S BP S83 EP S83 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 938FS UT WOS:000229985900222 ER PT J AU Fuehne, DP Hamilton, EJ AF Fuehne, DP Hamilton, EJ TI LANL's approach to meeting Rad-NESHAP external audit requirements SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Meteorol & Air Qual Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Hamilton Qual Consulting, Los Alamos, NM USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 SU S BP S38 EP S39 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 938FS UT WOS:000229985900102 ER PT J AU Gadd, MS McLean, TD Seagraves, DT Olsher, RH Mallett, MW AF Gadd, MS McLean, TD Seagraves, DT Olsher, RH Mallett, MW TI Los Alamos National Laboratory neutron reference field characterization studies SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 SU S BP S9 EP S9 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 938FS UT WOS:000229985900023 ER PT J AU Glissmeyer, J AF Glissmeyer, J TI Co-locating air sampling probes and flow sensors SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Battelle Pacific NW Labs, Richland, WA 99354 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 SU S BP S39 EP S39 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 938FS UT WOS:000229985900103 ER PT J AU Hearnsberger, DW Brackett, EM Merwin, SE Cragle, DL Kenoyer, JL AF Hearnsberger, DW Brackett, EM Merwin, SE Cragle, DL Kenoyer, JL TI Coworker dosimetry distributions used in dose reconstructions for the Energy Employees Occupational Illness Compensation Program Act (EEOICPA) SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Dade Moeller & Associates, Nashua, NH 03062 USA. Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 SU S BP S52 EP S52 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 938FS UT WOS:000229985900141 ER PT J AU Hoyt, JR Shipler, DB Ames, KR Sitsler, RB Jones, RA Antonio, EJ AF Hoyt, JR Shipler, DB Ames, KR Sitsler, RB Jones, RA Antonio, EJ TI Radiation Portal Monitor calibration 2 and startup. SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 SU S BP S64 EP S64 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 938FS UT WOS:000229985900173 ER PT J AU Kouzes, RT Ely, JH AF Kouzes, RT Ely, JH TI Spies, lies, and nuclear threats: Radiation detection at borders. SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 SU S BP S90 EP S90 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 938FS UT WOS:000229985900244 ER PT J AU Last, GV Napier, BA AF Last, GV Napier, BA TI Adaptation of the Features, Events, and Processes (FEP) methodology to environmental restoration SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 SU S BP S5 EP S5 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 938FS UT WOS:000229985900014 ER PT J AU Lee, PL Jannik, GT Shine, EP Dixon, KL Roach, JL Oliver, TO AF Lee, PL Jannik, GT Shine, EP Dixon, KL Roach, JL Oliver, TO TI Multidisciplinary approach to achievement of risk-based end-states for facility decommissioning at the Savannah River Site. SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Savannah River Natl Lab, N Augusta, SC 29841 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 SU S BP S71 EP S71 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 938FS UT WOS:000229985900193 ER PT J AU Leonowich, JA AF Leonowich, JA TI Update on Radio Frequency Radiation; Standards and Homeland Security SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 SU S BP S38 EP S38 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 938FS UT WOS:000229985900100 ER PT J AU Leonowich, JA AF Leonowich, JA TI Z136.1 laser standard update SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 SU S BP S37 EP S37 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 938FS UT WOS:000229985900098 ER PT J AU Liu, JC Rokni, SH Asano, Y Casey, WR Donahue, RJ Job, PK AF Liu, JC Rokni, SH Asano, Y Casey, WR Donahue, RJ Job, PK TI Comparison of shielding design and operational radiation safety issues for synchrotron radiation facilities SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 SU S BP S34 EP S34 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 938FS UT WOS:000229985900087 ER PT J AU McConn, RJ Bliss, M Scherpelz, RI Jordan, DV Barnett, DS AF McConn, RJ Bliss, M Scherpelz, RI Jordan, DV Barnett, DS TI Calculated response functions for a fiber optic neutron spectrometer. SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI Bliss, Mary/G-2240-2012 OI Bliss, Mary/0000-0002-7565-4813 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 SU S BP S63 EP S63 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 938FS UT WOS:000229985900170 ER PT J AU McConn, RJ Siciliano, ER Schweppe, JE AF McConn, RJ Siciliano, ER Schweppe, JE TI Introduction of an electronic van module for use in MCNP SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 SU S BP S13 EP S13 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 938FS UT WOS:000229985900035 ER PT J AU McLaughlin, DA AF McLaughlin, DA TI Review of two recent transuranic intake events at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Operat Safety Serv Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 SU S BP S21 EP S21 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 938FS UT WOS:000229985900054 ER PT J AU McLean, TD Romero, LL Seagraves, DT Olsher, RH Devine, RT AF McLean, TD Romero, LL Seagraves, DT Olsher, RH Devine, RT TI Calibration and response of neutron bubble dosimeters from thermal energies to 60 MeV. SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 SU S BP S68 EP S68 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 938FS UT WOS:000229985900183 ER PT J AU Miller, ML Fate, RE Peace, JL Nagy, MD Goering, TL AF Miller, ML Fate, RE Peace, JL Nagy, MD Goering, TL TI An overview of a public hearing process conducted in New Mexico regarding the fate of a former landfill at Sandia National Laboratories SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 SU S BP S43 EP S43 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 938FS UT WOS:000229985900113 ER PT J AU Minnema, DM Putman, VL AF Minnema, DM Putman, VL TI Criticality accidents from the victims' perspectives SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Natl Nucl Secur Adm, US DOE, Mt Airy, MD 21771 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 SU S BP S49 EP S50 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 938FS UT WOS:000229985900135 ER PT J AU Moeller, DW Toohey, RE Moeller, MP Dooley, DA AF Moeller, DW Toohey, RE Moeller, MP Dooley, DA TI Update on subtitle B of the Energy Employee Occupational Illness Compensation Program Act (EEOICPA) SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Dade Moeller & Associates, New Bern, NC 28562 USA. Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 SU S BP S50 EP S50 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 938FS UT WOS:000229985900136 ER PT J AU Murphy, MK Carter, GL Kriss, AA Smith, PJ Berg, RK AF Murphy, MK Carter, GL Kriss, AA Smith, PJ Berg, RK TI Are there large variations in low-energy response between your Bicron Micro-rem survey meters? SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Battelle PNNL, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 SU S BP S11 EP S11 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 938FS UT WOS:000229985900028 ER PT J AU Murray, WE AF Murray, WE TI ORAU Team Worker Outreach Program for NIOSH SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Cincinnati, OH 45212 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 SU S BP S51 EP S51 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 938FS UT WOS:000229985900139 ER PT J AU Napier, BA Glines, WM AF Napier, BA Glines, WM TI Development of authorized limits for the radiological release of portions of the Hanford Reach National Monument. SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Dept Energy, Richland Operat Off, Richland, WA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 SU S BP S82 EP S82 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 938FS UT WOS:000229985900221 ER PT J AU Napier, BA AF Napier, BA TI Estimating risks of environmental radionuclides using GENII Version 2 SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 SU S BP S45 EP S46 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 938FS UT WOS:000229985900122 ER PT J AU Nelson, DR Parzyck, DC AF Nelson, DR Parzyck, DC TI Updating the Department of Energy Accelerator Safety Order and guide SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US DOE, Off Sci, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. US DOE, Fermilab Site Off, Washington, DC 20585 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 SU S BP S33 EP S34 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 938FS UT WOS:000229985900086 ER PT J AU Noska, MA Cunningham, WC Yu, C Cheng, JJ Kamboj, S Domotor, S Wallo, A AF Noska, MA Cunningham, WC Yu, C Cheng, JJ Kamboj, S Domotor, S Wallo, A TI Operational guidelines for food products potentially contaminated from a radiological dispersal device incident SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA, Ctr Devices & Radiol Hlth, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. US FDA, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 SU S BP S25 EP S25 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 938FS UT WOS:000229985900063 ER PT J AU Piper, RK Murphy, MK Thompson, AK AF Piper, RK Murphy, MK Thompson, AK TI Phenomenon involving the change in neutron survey meter efficiency versus accumulated dose SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Battelle PNNL, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 SU S BP S30 EP S30 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 938FS UT WOS:000229985900077 ER PT J AU Rabovsky, JL Wambach, PF Rao, N AF Rabovsky, JL Wambach, PF Rao, N TI Analyses of internal doses received by department of energy workers. SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US DOE, Off Worker Protect Policy & Programs, Washington, DC 20585 USA. US DOE, Off Occupat Hlth, Washington, DC 20585 USA. US DOE, Off Analyt Studies, Washington, DC 20585 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 SU S BP S82 EP S82 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 938FS UT WOS:000229985900220 ER PT J AU Ramsdell, JV Athey, GF McGuire, SA AF Ramsdell, JV Athey, GF McGuire, SA TI Implications of coming changes in the RASCAL atmospheric dispersion algorithms SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99353 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 SU S BP S3 EP S3 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 938FS UT WOS:000229985900007 ER PT J AU Rhoads, K Fritz, BG Staven, LH Diediker, LP Dyekman, DL AF Rhoads, K Fritz, BG Staven, LH Diediker, LP Dyekman, DL TI Comparison of measured and modeled radionuclide air concentrations in the environment following emissions from the Hanford Site SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 SU S BP S40 EP S40 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 938FS UT WOS:000229985900107 ER PT J AU Scherpelz, RI Choe, DO Smetanin, M Traub, RJ Eckerman, KF Vasilenko, E AF Scherpelz, RI Choe, DO Smetanin, M Traub, RJ Eckerman, KF Vasilenko, E TI Calculation of organ doses from external radiation for Mayak worker dose reconstruction SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 SU S BP S26 EP S26 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 938FS UT WOS:000229985900066 ER PT J AU Schwahn, SO AF Schwahn, SO TI DOELAP experiences in accreditation SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US DOE, Idaho Falls, ID 83401 USA. RI Schwahn, Scott/C-2530-2016 OI Schwahn, Scott/0000-0001-7105-3095 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 SU S BP S57 EP S57 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 938FS UT WOS:000229985900155 ER PT J AU Schwahn, SO AF Schwahn, SO TI Results of recent phantom backscatter studies SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US DOE, Idaho Falls, ID 83401 USA. RI Schwahn, Scott/C-2530-2016 OI Schwahn, Scott/0000-0001-7105-3095 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 SU S BP S28 EP S28 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 938FS UT WOS:000229985900072 ER PT J AU Sengupta, S Holeman, GR Hooda, B Recieniello, RN Kahnhauser, HF AF Sengupta, S Holeman, GR Hooda, B Recieniello, RN Kahnhauser, HF TI Environmental monitoring of external radiation levels at Brookhaven National Laboratory SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Holeman Consultants, Flemington, NJ USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 SU S BP S4 EP S4 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 938FS UT WOS:000229985900011 ER PT J AU Singh, MS Shingleton, KL AF Singh, MS Shingleton, KL TI Angular distribution of X-ray differential flux, ambient and effective dose intensity from 1 to 20 MeV electron accelerators SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 SU S BP S35 EP S35 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 938FS UT WOS:000229985900091 ER PT J AU Smetanin, M Knyasev, V Scherpelz, RI Vasilenko, E Fix, JJ Gorelov, M AF Smetanin, M Knyasev, V Scherpelz, RI Vasilenko, E Fix, JJ Gorelov, M TI The response of personnel dosimeters worn by workers at Mayak Production Association Facilities SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99336 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 SU S BP S27 EP S27 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 938FS UT WOS:000229985900067 ER PT J AU Smith, LL Alvarez, JL AF Smith, LL Alvarez, JL TI ANSI 1999 compliance testing at ORNL SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Rad NESHAP Program, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 SU S BP S39 EP S39 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 938FS UT WOS:000229985900104 ER PT J AU Stansbury, PS Strom, DJ AF Stansbury, PS Strom, DJ TI How one chapter offers a successful health physics review course SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Pasco, WA 99301 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 SU S BP S16 EP S16 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 938FS UT WOS:000229985900042 ER PT J AU Strenge, DL Pelton, MA AF Strenge, DL Pelton, MA TI Human health impact evaluation methods for a multiple source analysis using the Multimedia Pollutant Assessment System (MEPAS) SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 SU S BP S4 EP S4 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 938FS UT WOS:000229985900009 ER PT J AU Strom, DJ Anspaugh, LR Flynn, J Hoffman, FO Kocher, DC Locke, PA Merges, PJ Napier, BA White, EI AF Strom, DJ Anspaugh, LR Flynn, J Hoffman, FO Kocher, DC Locke, PA Merges, PJ Napier, BA White, EI TI Approaches to risk management in remediation of radioactively contaminated sites. SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. SENES Oak Ridge Inc, Oak Ridge, TN USA. Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. Natl Council Radiat Protect & Measurements, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 SU S BP S84 EP S84 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 938FS UT WOS:000229985900226 ER PT J AU Strom, DJ Scherpelz, RI Fix, JJ Traub, RJ AF Strom, DJ Scherpelz, RI Fix, JJ Traub, RJ TI Correcting neutron dosimetry records for epidemiology. Part II: Dose imputation and uncertainty. SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 SU S BP S67 EP S67 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 938FS UT WOS:000229985900181 ER PT J AU Strom, DJ AF Strom, DJ TI Dose-rate dependence of high-dose health effects in humans from photon radiation with application to radiological terrorism SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 SU S BP S62 EP S62 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 938FS UT WOS:000229985900167 ER PT J AU Sullivan, R Monette, F Johnson, R Lindley, R Adduci, J LePoire, D AF Sullivan, R Monette, F Johnson, R Lindley, R Adduci, J LePoire, D TI Radiological theft and diversion incidents: Analysis of world-wide events occurring in Calendar Year 2003 SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 SU S BP S61 EP S62 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 938FS UT WOS:000229985900166 ER PT J AU Taylor, TP Simpson, BA Dale, DE AF Taylor, TP Simpson, BA Dale, DE TI RDD emergency response decision support SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 SU S BP S25 EP S26 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 938FS UT WOS:000229985900064 ER PT J AU Teplyakov, I Gorelov, MV Vasilenko, EK Alexandrova, O Fix, JJ Scherpelz, RI AF Teplyakov, I Gorelov, MV Vasilenko, EK Alexandrova, O Fix, JJ Scherpelz, RI TI Doe Mayak worker study: Occupational dose characteristics SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 SU S BP S26 EP S26 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 938FS UT WOS:000229985900065 ER PT J AU Traub, RJ McDonald, JC Lynch, TP AF Traub, RJ McDonald, JC Lynch, TP TI Monte Carlo simulations of photon emissions from the lungs of NORMAN voxel phantom help to certify calibration phantom lungs SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 SU S BP S20 EP S20 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 938FS UT WOS:000229985900052 ER PT J AU Vaziri, KV AF Vaziri, KV TI NuMI work-cell shielding design SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 SU S BP S34 EP S34 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 938FS UT WOS:000229985900089 ER PT J AU Walker, LS Olsher, RH Oostens, J James, M AF Walker, LS Olsher, RH Oostens, J James, M TI High energy neutron spectral unfolding using activation foils SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 SU S BP S34 EP S35 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 938FS UT WOS:000229985900090 ER PT J AU Yu, C Cheng, J Kamboj, S Miron, A LePoire, D Biwer, B AF Yu, C Cheng, J Kamboj, S Miron, A LePoire, D Biwer, B TI Modeling of RDD scenarios and derivation of operational guidelines for RDD consequence management SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 89 IS 1 SU S BP S24 EP S24 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 938FS UT WOS:000229985900061 ER PT J AU Hassani, V Dickens, J Bell, KJ AF Hassani, V Dickens, J Bell, KJ TI The fin-on-plate heat exchanger: A new configuation for air-cooled power plants SO HEAT TRANSFER ENGINEERING LA English DT Article AB The objective of this work was to study performance of a new design for air-cooled heat rejections units to be used in power plants or process industries. This heat exchanger was specially designed to provide a trite counter-current flow path for the vapor (process fluid) and the air. In this new design, offset strip fins were used along the path of the air, thus providing a low pressure drop path for air while periodically breaking the thermal and hydraulic boundary layers at each fin strip. The air-side pressure drop was lower in this configuration compared to the conventional tube-and-fin heat exchangers because the drag force was significantly reduced. Lower pressure drops allowed air at higher velocities to be passed through the fins, hence achieving higher air-side heat-transfer coefficients by as much as 80% for the same pressure drop. In this work, we experimentally investigated the processes of heat and mass transfer in film condensation of steam in forced-flow through the plate side of this new heat exchanger. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Oklahoma State Univ, Sch Chem Engn, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. RP Hassani, V (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM Vahab_Hassani@nrel.gov NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0145-7632 J9 HEAT TRANSFER ENG JI Heat Transf. Eng. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 26 IS 6 BP 7 EP 15 DI 10.1080/0145763059050826 PG 9 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Thermodynamics; Engineering; Mechanics GA 938YU UT WOS:000230040100003 ER PT J AU Zhou, SH Zhou, J Meng, QY Ajimura, S Akikawa, H Alburger, DE Banu, A Chrien, RE Franklin, GB Franz, J Hashimoto, O Hayakawa, T Hotchi, H Imai, K Kishimoto, T May, M Millener, DJ Minami, S Miura, Y Miyoshi, T Mizunuma, K Nagae, T Nakamura, SN Nakazawa, K Okayasu, Y Pile, P Quinn, BP Rusek, A Sato, Y Sutter, R Takahashi, H Tang, L Tamura, H Tanida, K Ukai, M Yuan, L AF Zhou, SH Zhou, J Meng, QY Ajimura, S Akikawa, H Alburger, DE Banu, A Chrien, RE Franklin, GB Franz, J Hashimoto, O Hayakawa, T Hotchi, H Imai, K Kishimoto, T May, M Millener, DJ Minami, S Miura, Y Miyoshi, T Mizunuma, K Nagae, T Nakamura, SN Nakazawa, K Okayasu, Y Pile, P Quinn, BP Rusek, A Sato, Y Sutter, R Takahashi, H Tang, L Tamura, H Tanida, K Ukai, M Yuan, L TI First observation of the Lambda N tensor interaction SO HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS-CHINESE EDITION LA Chinese DT Article DE hyper-nuclei; Lambda N tensor interaction; gamma-ray spectroscopy AB In a O-16(Lambda) gamma-ray spectroscopy experiment with HYPERBALL, two gamma-ray transitions from the 6.6MeV excited 1(2)(-) state to both ground-states spin-doublet members 1(1)(-) and O- have been observed. The measured ground-state doublet spacing is 26.4 +/- 1.6(stat) +/- 0.5 (syst) keV. Thus a small but nonzero strength of the tensor interaction between a Lambda and a nucleon is deduced to be T = + 0.03 MeV. The excitation energy of the 1(2)(-) state is also determined to be 6561.7 +/- 1.1 (stat) +/- 1.7 ( syst) keV. C1 Tohoku Univ, Dept Phys, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan. Osaka Univ, Dept Phys, Toyonaka, Osaka 55600043, Japan. Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto 60685023, Japan. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. GSI Darmstadt, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Freiburg, Dept Phys, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany. KEK, Inst Paricle & Nucl Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. Gifu Univ, Dept Phys, Gifu 5011193, Japan. Hampton Univ, Dept Phys, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. RP Zhou, SH (reprint author), Tohoku Univ, Dept Phys, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan. EM shzhou@iris.ciae.ac.cn NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SCIENCE PRESS PI BEIJING PA 16 DONGHUANGCHENGGEN NORTH ST, BEIJING 100717, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 0254-3052 J9 HIGH ENERG PHYS NUC JI High Energy Phys. Nucl. Phys.-Chin. Ed. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 29 IS 7 BP 627 EP 631 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 946DG UT WOS:000230551800001 ER PT J AU Oswald, WW Anderson, PM Brown, TA Brubaker, LB Hu, FS Lozhkin, AV Tinner, W Kaltenrieder, P AF Oswald, WW Anderson, PM Brown, TA Brubaker, LB Hu, FS Lozhkin, AV Tinner, W Kaltenrieder, P TI Effects of sample mass and macrofossil type on radiocarbon dating of arctic and boreal lake sediments SO HOLOCENE LA English DT Article DE radiocarbon dating; lake sediments; sample mass; plant macrofossils; AMS; chronology; palaeoecology; Siberia; Alaska; Holocene ID TERRESTRIAL PLANT MACROFOSSILS; LATE-GLACIAL EVENTS; NORTHWESTERN ALASKA; NORTHERN ALASKA; LATE QUATERNARY; CALIBRATION PROGRAM; BAFFIN-ISLAND; NEW-ZEALAND; C-14 DATA; TUNDRA AB Dating lake sediments by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) C-14 analysis of terrestrial plant macrofossils overcomes one of the main problems associated with dating bulk sediment samples, i.e., the presence of old organic matter. Even so, many AMS dates from arctic and boreal sites appear to misrepresent the age of the sediment. To understand the nature of these apparent dating anomalies better, we conducted a series of C-14 dating experiments using samples from Alaskan and Siberian lake-sediment cores. First, to test whether our analytical procedures introduced a sample-mass bias, we obtained C-14 dates for different-sized pieces of single woody macrofossils. In these sample-mass experiments, statistically equivalent ages were found for samples as small as 0.05 mg C. Secondly, to assess whether macrofossil type influenced dating results, we conducted sample-type experiments in which C-14 dates were obtained for different macrofossil types sieved from the same depth in the sediment. We dated materials from multiple levels in sediment cores from Upper Capsule Lake (North Slope, northern Alaska) and Grizzly Lake (Copper River Basin, southern Alaska) and from single depths in other records from northern Alaska. In several of the experiments there were significant discrepancies between dates for different plant tissues, and in most cases wood and charcoal were older than other macrofossil types, usually by several hundred years. This pattern suggests that C-14 dates for woody macrofossils may misrepresent the age of the sediment by centuries, perhaps because of their longer terrestrial residence time and the potential in-built age of long-lived plants. This study identifies why some C-14 dates appear to be inconsistent with the overall age-depth trend of a lake-sediment record, and it may guide the selection of C-14 samples in future studies. C1 Univ Washington, Coll Forest Resources, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Quaternary Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Geol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Russian Acad Sci, NE Interdisciplinary Res Inst, Far E Branch, Magadan, Russia. Univ Bern, Inst Plant Sci, Bern, Switzerland. RP Oswald, WW (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Harvard Forest, POB 68, Petersham, MA 01366 USA. EM woswald@fas.harvard.edu RI Tinner, Willy/F-6727-2013 NR 53 TC 66 Z9 67 U1 1 U2 14 PU ARNOLD, HODDER HEADLINE PLC PI LONDON PA 338 EUSTON ROAD, LONDON NW1 3BH, ENGLAND SN 0959-6836 J9 HOLOCENE JI Holocene PD JUL PY 2005 VL 15 IS 5 BP 758 EP 767 DI 10.1191/0959683605hl849rr PG 10 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA 949AU UT WOS:000230758100011 ER PT J AU Adams, SM Ryon, MG Smith, JG AF Adams, SM Ryon, MG Smith, JG TI Recovery in diversity of fish and invertebrate communities following remediation of a polluted stream: investigating causal relationships SO HYDROBIOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE recovery; restoration; fish and macroinvertebrate communities; causal relationships ID ENVIRONMENTAL STRESSORS; ECOSYSTEM RECOVERY; DISTURBANCE; BIOMARKERS; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; ACCUMULATION; PERIPHYTON; RIVER AB Spatial and ternporal responses of biota to anthropogenic disturbance were measured over a 15 year period in a contaminated stream undergoing remediation and recovery. Along the spatial gradient of the stream, levels of contaminants decreased downstream along with improved responses of instream biota at several levels of biological organization. Recovery of the biota in this stream over the 15 year study period is demonstrated by the temporal relationships between levels of decreasing contaminants and the concomitant responses of the periphyton, macroinvertebrate, and fish communities and changes in the various bioindicators of individual fish health. Decreases in contaminants over a temporal scale were followed closely by an improvement in physiological and organismal-level indicators, increases in the diversity of macroinvertebrate and fish communities, and rapid increases in the chlorophyll a biomass and photosynthesis rate of the periphyton community. These results emphasize that field studies designed to assess and evaluate the effectiveness of restoration activities on stream recovery should incorporate a variety of response endpoints ranging from sensitive and short-term responses to long-term but ecological relevant indicators of change. The close spatial and temporal relationships observed between changes in physicochemical factors and positive responses in various components of the stream biota over the 15-year study period suggest a strong cause and effect relationship between remediation activities and stream recovery. Understanding causal relationships and the mechanistic processes between environmental stressors, stress responses of biota, and the recovery process is important in the effective management and restoration of aquatic ecosystems. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Adams, SM (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM Adamssm@ornl.gov NR 51 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 7 U2 26 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0018-8158 EI 1573-5117 J9 HYDROBIOLOGIA JI Hydrobiologia PD JUL 1 PY 2005 VL 542 BP 77 EP 93 DI 10.1007/s10750-004-3951-y PG 17 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 964KE UT WOS:000231879200012 ER PT J AU Schneider, L Howard, K Glover, S Lockner, T Dinallo, M AF Schneider, L Howard, K Glover, S Lockner, T Dinallo, M TI A new capability to detect and locate insulation defects in complex wiring systems SO IEEE ELECTRICAL INSULATION MAGAZINE LA English DT Article DE wiring diagnostic; pulse arrested spark discharge (PASD); defect location; time domain reflectometry C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Schneider, L (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM sfglove@sandia.gov NR 6 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0883-7554 J9 IEEE ELECTR INSUL M JI IEEE Electr. Insul. Mag. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 21 IS 4 BP 14 EP 20 DI 10.1109/MEI.2005.1489985 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 948SZ UT WOS:000230737300004 ER PT J AU Turner, DD Holz, RE AF Turner, DD Holz, RE TI Retrieving cloud fraction in the field-of-view of a high-spectral resolution infrared radiometer SO IEEE GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LETTERS LA English DT Article DE clouds; high spectral resolution; infrared measurements; remote sensing ID EMITTED RADIANCE INTERFEROMETER; RADIATIVE-TRANSFER; WATER-VAPOR; ATMOSPHERES; SCATTERING; ALGORITHM; SHEBA; LIDAR AB The combination of radiance from both clear and cloudy regions of sky within the instrument's field of view (FOV) adds significant uncertainty to retrievals of atmospheric state profiles and cloud microphysical properties from infrared spectro-radiometers. In this letter, we use observations of radiance from both the 8-13 and 3-5 mu m bands to retrieve estimates of the cloud fraction in the instrument's FOV, as well as microphysical cloud properties, from high-spectral-resolution infrared radiometers. Cloud fraction derived from imagers as well as high-time-resolution observations show good agreement and high correlation with our derived cloud fraction values. This is shown for both ground-based and aircraft-based observations. We also demonstrate that the use of the additional information in the 3-5 mu m band extends the dynamic range and accuracy of microphysical properties that can be retrieved from infrared radiance data. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Climate Phys Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Turner, DD (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Climate Phys Grp, MS K9-24, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM dave.turner@pnl.gov NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1545-598X J9 IEEE GEOSCI REMOTE S JI IEEE Geosci. Remote Sens. Lett. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 2 IS 3 BP 287 EP 291 DI 10.1109/LGRS.2005.850533 PG 5 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 949NT UT WOS:000230796100010 ER PT J AU Merritt, SY Chaitkin, SD AF Merritt, SY Chaitkin, SD TI One from menu A, one from menu B SO IEEE INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS MAGAZINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 50th Annual Pulp and Paper Industry Technical Conference CY JUN 27-JUL 01, 2004 CL Victoria, CANADA SP IEEE Ind Applicat Soc, Pulp & Paper Ind Comm C1 Merritt & Associates, Bedford, VA 24523 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Merritt, SY (reprint author), Merritt & Associates, Bedford, VA 24523 USA. EM STAARLEN@aol.com NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1077-2618 J9 IEEE IND APPL MAG JI IEEE Ind. Appl. Mag. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 11 IS 4 BP 66 EP 71 DI 10.1109/MIA.2005.1458279 PG 6 WC Engineering, Industrial; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 936OP UT WOS:000229865600011 ER PT J AU Jacobs, RR Anderson, RR Chiou, A Esterowitz, L Izatt, JA Matthews, DL AF Jacobs, RR Anderson, RR Chiou, A Esterowitz, L Izatt, JA Matthews, DL TI Introduction to the issue on biophotonics SO IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, NSF, CBST, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Wellman Labs Photomed, Boston, MA 02114 USA. Natl Yang Ming Univ, Sch Med Technol & Engn, Taipei 112, Taiwan. Natl Sci Fdn, Arlington, VA 22230 USA. Duke Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Univ Calif Davis, NSF, CBST, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. RP Jacobs, RR (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, NSF, CBST, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1077-260X J9 IEEE J SEL TOP QUANT JI IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 11 IS 4 BP 729 EP 729 DI 10.1109/JSTQE.2005.857675 PG 1 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA 990FL UT WOS:000233728500001 ER PT J AU Demos, SG Lieber, CA Lin, B Ramsamooj, R AF Demos, SG Lieber, CA Lin, B Ramsamooj, R TI Imaging of tissue microstructures using a multimodal microscope design SO IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE fluorescence microscopy; medical and biological imaging; microscopy; tissue diagnostics ID INDUCED FLUORESCENCE SPECTROSCOPY; REAL-TIME; TOMOGRAPHY; RESOLUTION; CANCER AB We investigate a microscope design that offers high signal sensitivity and hyperspectral imaging capabilities and allows for implementation of various optical imaging approaches while its operational complexity is minimized. This system uses long working distance microscope objectives that enable for of faxis illumination of the tissue, thereby allowing for excitation at any optical wavelength and nearly eliminating spectral noise from the optical elements. Preliminary studies using human and animal tissues demonstrate the feasibility of this approach for real-time imaging of intact tissue microstructures using autofluorescence and light scattering imaging methods. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis Ctr Biophoton Sci & Technol, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis Med Ctr, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. RP Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM Demos1@llnl.gov; clieber@bwius.jnj.com; belin@ucdavis.edu; ramsamooj@ucdmc.ucdavis.edu NR 23 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1077-260X EI 1558-4542 J9 IEEE J SEL TOP QUANT JI IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 11 IS 4 BP 752 EP 758 DI 10.1109/JSTQE.2005.857385 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA 990FL UT WOS:000233728500003 ER PT J AU Demos, SG Bold, R White, RD Ramsamooj, R AF Demos, SG Bold, R White, RD Ramsamooj, R TI Investigation of near-infrared autofluorescence imaging for the detection of breast cancer SO IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE breast cancer; medical and biological imaging; spectroscopic imaging; tissue diagnostics ID HORMONE REPLACEMENT THERAPY; REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY; RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; TISSUE; MAMMOGRAPHY; DIAGNOSIS; IDENTIFICATION; POLARIZATION; FLUORESCENCE; CONTRAST AB Detection of breast cancer in fresh tissue obtained from surgery is investigated using near-infrared autofluorescence imaging under laser excitation at 532 and 632.8 nm. The differences in intensity between the three main components of breast tissue (cancer, fibrous, and adipose) are estimated and compared to those obtained from cross-polarized light scattering images recorded tinder polarized illumination at 700 nm. The optical spectroscopic images for each tissue sample were subsequently compared with the histopathology slides. The experimental results indicate that the intensity of the near-infrared emission is considerably different in breast cancer compared to that of the adjacent nonneoplastic tissues (adipose and fibrous tissue). The experimental results suggest that 632.8-nm excitation offers key advantages compared to 532 nut excitation. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Med Ctr, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Sch Med, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. RP Demos, SG (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM Demos1@llnl.gov; richard.bold@ucdmc.ucdavis.edu; rwdeverewhite@ucdavis.edu; rajendra.ramsamooj@ucdmc.ucdavis.edu NR 31 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1077-260X J9 IEEE J SEL TOP QUANT JI IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 11 IS 4 BP 791 EP 798 DI 10.1109/JSTQE.2005.857682 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA 990FL UT WOS:000233728500008 ER PT J AU Gourley, PL Naviaux, RK AF Gourley, PL Naviaux, RK TI Optical phenotyping of human mitochondria in a biocavity laser SO IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE biocavity laser; biomedical science; biopsy; cells confocal microscopy; finite-element method; flow cytometry; laser; light scattering; Mie scattering; microcavity; microfluidics; microscopy; mitochondria; mitochondrial disease; nanophotonics; nano-squeezed light; optical modes; organelles; refractive index; spectroscopy ID NEAR-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY; PERMEABILITY TRANSITION; CYTOCHROME-OXIDASE; BIOLOGICAL CELLS; FLOW-CYTOMETRY; BRAIN; DEATH; BIOENERGETICS; MECHANISMS; APOPTOSIS AB We report a new nanolaser technique for measuring characteristics of human mitochondria. Because mitochondria are so small, it has been difficult to study large populations using standard light microscope or flow cytometry techniques. We recently discovered a nanooptical transduction method for highspeed analysis of submicrometer organelles that is well suited to mitochondrial studies. This ultrasensitive detection technique uses nanosqueezing of light into photon modes imposed by the ultrasmall organelle dimensions in a semiconductor biocavity laser. In this paper, we use the method to study the lasing spectra of normal and diseased mitochondria. We find that the diseased mitochondria exhibit larger physical diameter and standard deviation. These morphological differences are also revealed in the lasing spectra. The diseased specimens have a larger spectral linewidth than normal, and have more variability in their statistical distributions. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Biomol Mat & Interfaces Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Med, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Pediat, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. RP Gourley, PL (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Biomol Mat & Interfaces Dept, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM plgourl@sandia.gov NR 48 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 9 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1077-260X J9 IEEE J SEL TOP QUANT JI IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 11 IS 4 BP 818 EP 826 DI 10.1109/JSTQE.2005.857680 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA 990FL UT WOS:000233728500012 ER PT J AU Chan, JW Winhold, H Lane, SM Huser, T AF Chan, JW Winhold, H Lane, SM Huser, T TI Optical trapping and coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) spectroscopy of submicron-size particles SO IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE biophotonics; coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS); laser tweezers; Raman spectroscopy ID BIOLOGICAL CELLS; HIGH-SENSITIVITY; LIPID VESICLES; LASER TWEEZERS; MICROSCOPY; MANIPULATION; BILAYERS AB Optical trapping combined with coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) spectroscopy is demonstrated for the first time as a new technique for the chemical analysis of individual particles over an extended period of time with high temporal resolution. Single submicron-size particles suspended in aqueous media are optically trapped and immobilized using two tightly focused collinear laser beams from two pulsed Ti:Sapphire laser sources. The particles can remain stably trapped at the focus for many tens of minutes. The same lasers generate a CARS vibrational signal from the molecular bonds in the trapped particle when the laser frequencies are tuned to a vibrational mode of interest, providing chemical information about the sample. The technique is characterized using single polystyrene beads and unilamellar phospholipid vesicles as test samples and can be extended to the study of living biological samples. This novel method could potentially be used to monitor rapid dynamics of biological processes in single particles on short time scales that cannot be achieved by using other vibrational spectroscopy techniques. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Davis, NSF, Ctr Biophoton Sci & Technol, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. RP Chan, JW (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM chan19@llnl.gov; winhold2@llnl.gov; slane@llnl.gov; huser1@llnl.gov RI Huser, Thomas/H-1195-2012; Chan, James/J-3829-2014 OI Huser, Thomas/0000-0003-2348-7416; NR 31 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 3 U2 18 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1077-260X J9 IEEE J SEL TOP QUANT JI IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 11 IS 4 BP 858 EP 863 DI 10.1109/JSTQE.2005.857381 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA 990FL UT WOS:000233728500017 ER PT J AU Fore, S Laurence, TA Yeh, Y Balhorn, R Hollars, CW Cosman, M Huser, T AF Fore, S Laurence, TA Yeh, Y Balhorn, R Hollars, CW Cosman, M Huser, T TI Distribution analysis of the photon correlation spectroscopy of discrete numbers of dye molecules conjugated to DNA SO IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE DNA-protein complexes; Hanbury-Brown and Twiss; photon antibunching; protein complexes; single molecule fluorescence; time-correlated single photon counting ID SINGLE-MOLECULE; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; FLUORESCENCE; XPA; BINDING; REPAIR; RPA AB The formation of protein complexes with other proteins and nucleic acids is critical to biological function. Although it is relatively easy to identify the components present in these complexes, it is often difficult to determine their exact stoichiometry and obtain information about the homogeneity of the sample from bulk measurements. We demonstrate the use of single molecule photon-pair correlation spectroscopy to distinguish between discrete numbers of molecules in biological complexes. Fluorescence photon antibunching is observed from a single molecule by employing time-correlated single photon counting in combination with a Hanbury-Brown and Twiss coincidence setup. In addition, pulsed laser excitation and time-tagged time-resolved data collection allow for the measurement of photon arrival times with nanosecond time resolution. The interphoton time distribution between consecutively arriving photons can be calculated and provides a measure of the second-order temporal correlation function. Analysis of this function yields an absolute measure of the number of molecules, N, present in a given complex. It is this ability to measure N that renders this technique powerful for determining stoichiometries in complex biological systems at the single molecule level. We investigate the counting efficiency and statistics of photon antibunching of specifically designed biological samples labeled with multiple copies of the same fluorescent dye and derive conclusions about its use in the analytical evaluation of complex biological samples. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Davis, NSF, Ctr Biophoton Sci & Technol, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. RP Fore, S (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM huser1@llnl.gov RI Laurence, Ted/E-4791-2011; Huser, Thomas/H-1195-2012 OI Laurence, Ted/0000-0003-1474-779X; Huser, Thomas/0000-0003-2348-7416 NR 26 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1077-260X J9 IEEE J SEL TOP QUANT JI IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 11 IS 4 BP 873 EP 880 DI 10.1109/JSTQE.2005.857738 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA 990FL UT WOS:000233728500019 ER PT J AU Small, W Metzger, MF Wilson, TS Maitland, DJ AF Small, W Metzger, MF Wilson, TS Maitland, DJ TI Laser-activated shape memory polymer microactuator for thrombus removal following ischemic stroke: Preliminary in vitro analysis SO IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE diode laser; indocyanine green (ICG); ischemic stroke; shape memory polymer (SMP) ID TISSUE-PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; PROUROKINASE; THERAPY; PROACT; ARTERY AB Due to the narrow (3-h) treatment window for effective use of the thrombolytic drug recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rt-PA), there is a need to develop alternative treatments for ischemic stroke. We are developing an intravascular device for mechanical thrombus removal using shape memory polymer (SNIP). We propose to deliver the SMP microactuator in its secondary straight rod form (length = 4 cm, diameter = 350 mu m) through a catheter distal to the vascular occlusion. The microactuator, which is mounted on the end of an optical fiber, is then transformed into its primary corkscrew shape by laser heating (diode laser, lambda = 800 nm) above its soft-phase glass transition temperature (T-gs = 55 degrees C). Once deployed, the microactuator is retracted, and the captured thrombus is removed to restore blood flow. The SMP is doped with indocyanine green (ICG) dye to increase absorption of the laser light. Successful deployment of the microactuator depends on the optical properties of the ICG-doped SMP, as well as the optical coupling efficiency of the interface between the optical fiber and the SMP. Spectrophotometry, thermal imaging, and computer simulation aided the initial design effort and continue to be useful tools for optimization of the dye concentration and laser power. Thermomechanical testing was performed to characterize the elastic modulus of the SMP. We have demonstrated laser activation of the SMP microactuator in air at room temperature, suggesting this concept is a promising therapeutic alternative to rt-PA. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Sierra Intervent LLC, Berkeley, CA 94705 USA. RP Small, W (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM small3@llnl.gov; sierraint@comcast.net; wilson97@llnl.gov; maitland1@llnl.glov NR 17 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 12 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1077-260X J9 IEEE J SEL TOP QUANT JI IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 11 IS 4 BP 892 EP 901 DI 10.1109/JSTQE.2005.857748 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA 990FL UT WOS:000233728500021 ER PT J AU Tam, HL Huber, R Li, KF Wong, WH Pun, YB Xia, HB Cheah, KW AF Tam, HL Huber, R Li, KF Wong, WH Pun, YB Xia, HB Cheah, KW TI Surface plasmon coupling in hexagonal textured metallic microcavity SO IEEE JOURNAL ON SELECTED AREAS IN COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE light extraction; microcavity; photonic crystal; plasmonic coupling ID LIGHT-EMITTING DIODE AB The coupling of surface plasmons to the photonic modes in hexagonal textured metallic microcavity was studied. Two types of sample structures (symmetric and asymmetric) were investigated. Both angle-resolved transmission and photoluminescent measurements showed the presence of surface plasmon modes for the textured metallic microcavity samples. For the asymmetric structured sample, the bandgap was observed at the Brillouin zone edge. The simulation of the photonic band structure using decoupled approximation for the standing wave modes agrees with the experimental result. We have derived the surface modes due to various interfaces in the microcavity. It was found that the surface plasmon modes from metal/air interface are most dominant, and was observed to couple strongly with both the transverse electric and transverse magnetic modes. Light extraction enhancement due to surface plasmon coupling was achieved with directional enhancement as much as 12 times compared with planar microcavity for the symmetric structured sample. C1 Hong Kong Baptist Univ, Ctr Adv Luminescence Mat, Dept Phys, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. City Univ Hong Kong, Dept Elect Engn, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. RP Tam, HL (reprint author), Hong Kong Baptist Univ, Ctr Adv Luminescence Mat, Dept Phys, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. EM hltam@phys.hkbu.edu.hk; ruhub@ph.tum.de; 01401041@hkbu.edu.hk; eewhwong@cityu.edu.hk; eeeybpun@cityu.edu.hk; xiajb@red.semi.ac.cn; kwcheah@hkbu.edu.hk OI Pun, Edwin/0000-0002-1360-6787 NR 8 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0733-8716 J9 IEEE J SEL AREA COMM JI IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 23 IS 7 BP 1330 EP 1334 DI 10.1109/JSAC.2005.0851209 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 941RP UT WOS:000230232200005 ER PT J AU Bishop, M Frincke, D AF Bishop, M Frincke, D TI A human endeavor - Lessons from Shakespeare and beyond SO IEEE SECURITY & PRIVACY LA English DT Article C1 Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, CyberSecur Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Bishop, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM bishop@cs.ucdavis.edu; deborah.frincke@pnl.gov NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 1540-7993 J9 IEEE SECUR PRIV JI IEEE Secur. Priv. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 3 IS 4 BP 49 EP 51 DI 10.1109/MSP.2005.87 PG 3 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA 949DC UT WOS:000230764100008 ER PT J AU Dvorak, SL Pao, HY AF Dvorak, SL Pao, HY TI A new solution for the problem of plane wave, diffraction by a 2-D aperture in a ground plane SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION LA English DT Article DE diffraction; electromagnetic propagation; equivalent sources; incomplete Lipschitz-Hankel integrals ID APPROXIMATE SOLUTIONS; 2-DIMENSIONAL WAVES; SERIES EXPANSIONS; COMPUTATION AB In this paper, we develop novel closed-form representations for the diffraction integrals associated with the classical problem of plane wave diffraction by a two-dimensional aperture in a ground plane. After approximating the aperture field by the incident field, spectral-domain techniques are used to represent the diffracted fields as inverse Fourier transforms, which are often referred to as the angular spectrum. The resulting inverse Fourier transforms are integrated analytically by using contour deformation techniques, thereby yielding closed-form representations for the diffracted fields that only involve rapidly-computable special functions. The diffracted fields that are computed using the closed-form representations are validated by comparing with results obtained by direct numerical integration of the diffraction integrals. C1 Univ Arizona, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Dvorak, SL (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM dvorak@ece.ari-zona.edu; pao2@llnl.gov NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-926X J9 IEEE T ANTENN PROPAG JI IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 53 IS 7 BP 2299 EP 2306 DI 10.1109/TAP.2005.850747 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 944IL UT WOS:000230420600022 ER PT J AU Olsson, RH Buhl, DL Sirota, AM Buzsaki, G Wise, KD AF Olsson, RH Buhl, DL Sirota, AM Buzsaki, G Wise, KD TI Band-tunable and multiplexed integrated circuits for simultaneous recording and stimulation with microelectrode arrays SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE DC baseline stabilization; neural-recording amplifier; neural recording array; time-division multiplexer ID BEHAVING RAT; AMPLIFIER; HIPPOCAMPUS; INTERFACE; SIGNAL AB Two thin-film microelectrode arrays with integrated circuitry have been developed for extracellular neural recording in behaving animals. An eight-site probe for simultaneous neural recording and stimulation has been designed that includes on-chip amplifiers that can be individually bypassed, allowing direct access to the iridium sites for electrical stimulation. The on-probe amplifiers have a gain of 38.9 dB, an upper-cutoff frequency of 9.9 kHz, and an input-referred noise of 9.2 mu V (rms) integrated from 100 Hz; to 10 kHz. The low-frequency cutoff of the amplifier is tunable to allow the recording of field potentials and minimize stimulus artifact. The amplifier consumes 68 mu W from +/- 1.5 V supplies and occupies 0.177 mm(2) in 3 mu m features. In vivo recordings have shown that the preamplifiers can record single-unit activity 1 ms after the onset of stimulation on sites as close as 20 mu m to the stimulating electrode. A second neural recording array has been developed which multiplexes 32 neural signals onto four output data leads. Providing gain on this array eliminates the need for bulky head-mounted circuitry and reduces motion artifacts. The time-division multiplexing circuitry has crosstalk between consecutive channels of less than 6% at a sample rate of 20 kHz per channel. Amplified, time-division-multiplexed multichannel neural recording allows the large-scale recording of neuronal activity in freely behaving small animals with minimum number of interconnect leads. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, MEMS Device Technol Grp, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Ctr Mol & Behav Neurosci, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. Univ Michigan, Ctr Wireless Integrated MicroSyst, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Sandia Natl Labs, MEMS Device Technol Grp, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM rholsso@sandia.gov; dlbuhl@andromeda.rutgers.edu; wise@umich.edu OI Buzsaki, Gyorgy/0000-0002-3100-4800 FU NINDS NIH HHS [N01-NS02329] NR 27 TC 85 Z9 88 U1 3 U2 9 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9294 EI 1558-2531 J9 IEEE T BIO-MED ENG JI IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 52 IS 7 BP 1303 EP 1311 DI 10.1109/TBME.2005.847540 PG 9 WC Engineering, Biomedical SC Engineering GA 938CW UT WOS:000229978500016 PM 16041994 ER PT J AU Lee, S Ibey, BL Xu, WJ Wilson, MA Ericson, MN Cote, GL AF Lee, S Ibey, BL Xu, WJ Wilson, MA Ericson, MN Cote, GL TI Processing of pulse oximeter data using discrete wavelet analysis SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE artificial organ; DWT; FFT; perfusion; pulse oximeter; wavelet AB A wavelet-based signal processing technique was employed to improve an implantable blood perfusion monitoring system. Data was acquired from both in vitro and in vivo sources: a perfusion model and the proximal jejunum of an adult pig. Results showed that wavelet analysis could isolate perfusion signals from raw, periodic, in vitro data as well as fast Fourier transform (FFT) methods. However, for the quasi-periodic in vivo data segments, wavelet analysis provided more consistent results than the FFT analysis for data segments of 50, 10, and 5 s in length. Wavelet analysis has thus been shown to require less data points for quasi-periodic data than FFT analysis making it a good choice for an indwelling perfusion monitor where power consumption and reaction time are paramount. C1 Texas A&M Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Surg, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Cote, GL (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM sjlee@tamu.edu; bli6339@tainu.edu; xuw@msx.upmc.edu; Mark.Wilson5@med.va.gov; ericsonmn@ornl.gov; gcote@tamu.edu RI Lee, Seung Joon/M-8163-2013; Ericson, Milton/H-9880-2016 OI Ericson, Milton/0000-0002-6628-4865 NR 10 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9294 J9 IEEE T BIO-MED ENG JI IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 52 IS 7 BP 1350 EP 1352 DI 10.1109/TBME.2005.847538 PG 3 WC Engineering, Biomedical SC Engineering GA 938CW UT WOS:000229978500022 PM 16042000 ER PT J AU Subramanian, H Ibey, BL Xu, WJ Wilson, MA Ericson, MN Cote, GL AF Subramanian, H Ibey, BL Xu, WJ Wilson, MA Ericson, MN Cote, GL TI An autocorrelation-based time domain analysis technique for monitoring perfusion and oxygenation in transplanted organs SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE autocorrelation; FFT; perfusion; transplant; pulse oximeter ID PULSE OXIMETRY; SIGNAL AB In designing an implantable sensor for perfusion monitoring of transplant organs the ability of the sensor to gather perfusion information with limited power consumption and in near real time is paramount. The following work was performed to provide a processing method that is able to predict perfusion and oxygenation change within the blood flowing through a transplanted organ. For this application, an autocorrelation-based algorithm was used to reduce the acquisition time required for fast Fourier transform (FFT) analysis while retaining the accuracy inherent to FFT analysis. In order to provide data proving that the developed method is able to predict perfusion as accurately as FFT two experiments were developed isolating both periodic and quasi-periodic cardiac frequencies. It was shown that the autocorrelation-based method was able to perform comparably with FFT (limited to a sampling frequency of 300 Hz) and maintain accuracy down to acquisition times as low as 4 s in length. C1 Texas A&M Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Surg, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Cote, GL (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM hariharan@tamu.edu; bli6339@tamu.edu; xuw@msx.upme.edu; Mark.wilson5@med.va.gov; ericsonmn@ornl.gov; gcote@tamu.edu RI Ericson, Milton/H-9880-2016; OI Ericson, Milton/0000-0002-6628-4865; Subramanian, Hariharan/0000-0003-0126-2718 NR 15 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9294 J9 IEEE T BIO-MED ENG JI IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 52 IS 7 BP 1355 EP 1358 DI 10.1109/TBME.2005.847552 PG 4 WC Engineering, Biomedical SC Engineering GA 938CW UT WOS:000229978500024 PM 16042002 ER PT J AU Smith, JT Morrison, HF AF Smith, JT Morrison, HF TI Optimizing receiver configurations for resolution of equivalent dipole polarizabilities in situ SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE dipole polarizabilities; electromagnetic induction; nonlinear optimization; unexploded ordnance (UXO) ID DISCRIMINATION AB Equivalent dipole polarizabilities are a succinct way to summarize the inductive response of an isolated conductive body at distances greater than the scale of the body. At any time lag or frequency, an equivalent dipole polarizability response is comprised of nine parameters: six specifying an equivalent dipole polarizability matrix (which is symmetric) and three specifying the apparent location of the body center. Smith and Morrison have given equations for calculating uncertainties in equivalent dipole polarizability and position based on analysis of an iterative linearized inversion. Here, the root mean squared uncertainty in polarizability is weighted and summed over a number of control points and minimized using an evolutionary algorithm for a number of instrument designs. Three families of designs are presented: single-transmitter systems for use on a two-dimensional grid of positions with negligible error in relative instrument location, two-transmitter systems for use on a line of positions with negligible error in relative instrument location, and three-transmitter systems for stand alone use. Results for the one and two-transmitter systems are strongly degraded by errors in instrument position, whereas the three-transmitter systems are insensitive to instrument positioning errors. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Smith, JT (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jtsmith@lbl.gov NR 12 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0196-2892 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD JUL PY 2005 VL 43 IS 7 BP 1490 EP 1498 DI 10.1109/TGRS.2005.846869 PG 9 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 940MZ UT WOS:000230149900006 ER PT J AU Staunton, RH Berry, JB Dunn, CA AF Staunton, RH Berry, JB Dunn, CA TI Compatibility study of fuel-cell protective relaying and the local distribution system SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER DELIVERY LA English DT Article DE Device 32; distribution; fuel cell; harmonics; protective relaying AB The goal of this study was to characterize the compatibility between the protective relaying system of a fully commercialized, 200-kW fuel cell and the local electric power system. This study was motivated by the fact that for several reasons, distribution utility engineers are uncomfortable with the "synthesized" protective relaying and hardware that is generally provided in distributed-generation (DG) systems. This study collected power grid disturbance electrical data and event-related, building-load electrical data over a period of six months. The study dealt with a larger-than-expected number of interruptions to grid-connect power generation. Problems relating primarily to load tracking and also to low power factor, complex load balance dynamics, and possible harmonic-distortion-induced instrumentation error produced some valuable conclusions and several recommendations that would be useful for companies interested in installing a grid-connected DG system. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Knoxville, TN 37932 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Lenoir City Util Board, Lenoir City, TN 37771 USA. RP Staunton, RH (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Knoxville, TN 37932 USA. EM stauntonrh@ornl.gov; berryjb@ornl.gov; cdunn@lcub1.com NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0885-8977 J9 IEEE T POWER DELIVER JI IEEE Trans. Power Deliv. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 20 IS 3 BP 1825 EP 1829 DI 10.1109/TPWRD.2005.0848651 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 941OC UT WOS:000230223100005 ER PT J AU Bruemmer, DJ Few, DA Boring, RL Marble, JL Walton, MC Nielsen, CW AF Bruemmer, DJ Few, DA Boring, RL Marble, JL Walton, MC Nielsen, CW TI Shared understanding for collaborative control SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SYSTEMS MAN AND CYBERNETICS PART A-SYSTEMS AND HUMANS LA English DT Article DE dynamic autonomy; human-robot interaction (HRI); mixed initiative; shared control AB This paper presents results from three experiments in which human operators were teamed with a mixed-initiative robot control system to accomplish various indoor search and exploration tasks. By assessing human workload and error together with overall performance, these experiments provide an objective means to contrast different modes of robot autonomy and to evaluate both the usability of the interface and the effectiveness of autonomous robot behavior. The first experiment compares the performance achieved when the robot takes initiative to support human driving with the opposite case when the human takes initiative to support autonomous robot driving. The utility of robot autonomy is shown through achievement of better performance when the robot is in the driver's seat. The second experiment introduces a virtual three-dimensional (3-D) map representation that supports collaborative understanding of the task and environment. When used in place of video, the 3-D map reduced operator workload and navigational error. By lowering bandwidth requirements. use of the virtual 3-D interface enables long-range, nonline-of-sight communication. Results from the third experiment extend the findings of experiment I by showing that collaborative control can increase performance and reduce error even when the complexity of the environment is increased and workload is distributed amongst multiple operators. C1 Idaho Natl Engn Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. Brigham Young Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Provo, UT 84602 USA. RP Bruemmer, DJ (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM david.bruemmer@inl.gov NR 0 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 6 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1083-4427 J9 IEEE T SYST MAN CY A JI IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. Paart A-Syst. Hum. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 35 IS 4 BP 494 EP 504 DI 10.1109/TSMCA.2005.850599 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Cybernetics; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA 936OO UT WOS:000229865500007 ER PT J AU Hwa, LM Duchaineau, MA Joy, KI AF Hwa, LM Duchaineau, MA Joy, KI TI Real-time optimal adaptation for planetary geometry and texture: 4-8 tile hierarchies SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VISUALIZATION AND COMPUTER GRAPHICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Visualization 2004 Conference CY OCT 10-15, 2004 CL Austin, TX SP IEEE, ATI, Sgi, Sun, Pacific NW Natl Lab, IBM Res, nVIDIA, Kitware, Mitsubishi Elect, ChevronTexaco, Natl Lib Med DE large data set visualization; level-of-detail techniques; view dependent visualization; adaptive textures; out-of-core algorithms; procedural terrain generation ID VISUALIZATION AB The real-time display of huge geometry and imagery databases involves view-dependent approximations, typically through the use of precomputed hierarchies that are selectively refined at runtime. A classic motivating problem is terrain visualization in which planetary databases involving billions of elevation and color values are displayed on PC graphics hardware at high frame rates. This paper introduces a new diamond data structure for the basic selective-refinement processing, which is a streamlined method of representing the well-known hierarchies of right triangles that have enjoyed much success in real-time, view-dependent terrain display. Regular-grid tiles are proposed as the payload data per diamond for both geometry and texture. The use of 4-8 grid refinement and coarsening schemes allows level-of-detail transitions that are twice as gradual as traditional quadtree-based hierarchies, as well as very high-quality low-pass filtering compared to subsampling-based hierarchies. An out-of-core storage organization is introduced based on Sierpinski indices per diamond, along with a tile preprocessing framework based on fine-to-coarse, same-level, and coarse-to-fine gathering operations. To attain optimal frame-to-frame coherence and processing-order priorities, dual split and merge queues are developed similar to the Realtime Optimally Adapting Meshes ( ROAM) Algorithm, as well as an adaptation of the ROAM frustum culling technique. Example applications of lake-detection and procedural terrain generation demonstrate the flexibility of the tile processing framework. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Inst Data Anal & Visualizat, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Comp Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP 607 Westview Pl, Chula Vista, CA 91910 USA. EM lok.hwa@gmail.com; duchaine@llnl.gov; joy@cs.ucdavis.edu NR 32 TC 25 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 7 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 1077-2626 EI 1941-0506 J9 IEEE T VIS COMPUT GR JI IEEE Trans. Vis. Comput. Graph. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 11 IS 4 BP 355 EP 368 DI 10.1109/TVCG.2005.65 PG 14 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA 924OM UT WOS:000228988200002 PM 16138547 ER PT J AU Husbands, P Simon, H Ding, C AF Husbands, P Simon, H Ding, C TI Term norm distribution and its effects on Latent Semantic Indexing SO INFORMATION PROCESSING & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE information retrieval; LSI; TREC ID RETRIEVAL; INFORMATION AB Latent Semantic Indexing (LSI) uses the singular value decomposition to reduce noisy dimensions and improve the performance of text retrieval systems. Preliminary results have shown modest improvements in retrieval accuracy and recall, but these have mainly explored small collections. In this paper we investigate text retrieval on a larger document collection (TREC) and focus on distribution of word norm (magnitude). Our results indicate the inadequacy of word representations in LSI space on large collections. We emphasize the query expansion interpretation of LSI and propose an LSI term normalization that achieves better performance on larger collections. (c) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Husbands, P (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM pjrhusbands@lbl.gov; hdsimon@lbl.gov; chqding@lbl.gov NR 22 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0306-4573 J9 INFORM PROCESS MANAG JI Inf. Process. Manage. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 41 IS 4 BP 777 EP 787 DI 10.1016/j.ipm.2004.03.006 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Information Science & Library Science SC Computer Science; Information Science & Library Science GA 908CG UT WOS:000227764200004 ER PT J AU Manges, WW AF Manges, WW TI Inflation is our friend SO INTECH LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Manges, WW (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM mangesww@ornl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INSTRUMENT SOCIETY AMERICA PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA 67 ALEXANDER DRIVE, P O BOX 12277, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709 USA SN 0192-303X J9 INTECH JI Intech PD JUL PY 2005 VL 52 IS 7 BP 92 EP 92 PG 1 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 948SJ UT WOS:000230735700039 ER PT J AU Stroo, HF Nakles, DV Kreitinger, JP Loehr, RC Hawthorne, SB Luthy, RG Holman, HY LaPierre, A AF Stroo, Hans F. Nakles, David V. Kreitinger, Joseph P. Loehr, Raymond C. Hawthorne, Steven B. Luthy, Richard G. Holman, Hoi-Ying LaPierre, Adrienne TI Improving Risk Assessments for Manufactured Gas Plant Soils by Measuring PAH Availability SO INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Bioavailability; Bioaccessibility; Lampblack; Ingestion; Dermal absorption AB Remediation of soils at oil-gas manufactured gas plant (MGP) sites is driven primarily by the human health risks posed by the carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), particularly benzo[a] pyrene (BaP), that are associated with lampblack residues. Although PAHs on lampblack are tightly sorbed, risk assessments do not account for this reduced availability. A multi-investigator study of 7 oil-gas MGP site soil samples demonstrated that the dermal and ingestion absorption factors are far lower than current default assumptions used in risk assessments. Using these sample-specific absorption factors in standard risk assessment equations increased risk-based cleanup levels by a factor of 72 on average (with a range from 23 to 142 times the default level). The rapidly released fraction of the BaP in each sample, as measured by supercritical fluid extraction, was closely correlated (r(2) = 0.96) to these calculated cleanup levels. The weight of evidence developed during this research indicates that the risks posed by PAHs on lampblack are far less than assumed when using default absorption factors and that a tiered evaluation protocol employing chemical analyses, chemical release data, and in vitro bioassays can be used to establish more realistic site-specific criteria. C1 [Stroo, Hans F.; Nakles, David V.; Kreitinger, Joseph P.] RETEC Grp, Monroeville Ctr 1, Suite 1015, Monroeville, PA 15146 USA. [Loehr, Raymond C.] Univ Texas Austin, Environm & Water Resources Engn Program, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Hawthorne, Steven B.] Univ N Dakota, Energy & Environm Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58201 USA. [Luthy, Richard G.] Stanford Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Stanford, CA 93405 USA. [Holman, Hoi-Ying] EO Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [LaPierre, Adrienne] Iris Environm, Oakland, CA 94612 USA. RP Stroo, HF (reprint author), RETEC Grp, Monroeville Ctr 1, Suite 1015, Monroeville, PA 15146 USA. EM hstroo@retec.com FU Gas Technology Institute; Southern California Gas Company; Southern California Edison; Pacific Gas Electric; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FC26-98FT40321] FX This work was funded by the Gas Technology Institute, the Southern California Gas Company, Southern California Edison, and Pacific Gas & Electric. The advice and guidance of Ron Jensen, Anita Bohrnerud, Robert Doss, Dianne Saber, and Steve DiZio are deeply appreciated. SBH also acknowledges the partial financial support of the U.S. Department of Energy under Cooperative Agreement DE-FC26-98FT40321. However, any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of DOE or any of the funding organizations. NR 29 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1551-3777 EI 1551-3793 J9 INTEGR ENVIRON ASSES JI Integr. Environ. Assess. Manag. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 1 IS 3 BP 259 EP 266 DI 10.1897/2004-009R.1 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA V43WQ UT WOS:000209711900006 PM 16639887 ER PT J AU Baldocchi, DD Black, TA Curtis, PS Falge, E Fuentes, JD Granier, A Gu, L Knohl, A Pilegaard, K Schmid, HP Valentini, R Wilson, K Wofsy, S Xu, L Yamamoto, S AF Baldocchi, DD Black, TA Curtis, PS Falge, E Fuentes, JD Granier, A Gu, L Knohl, A Pilegaard, K Schmid, HP Valentini, R Wilson, K Wofsy, S Xu, L Yamamoto, S TI Predicting the onset of net carbon uptake by deciduous forests with soil temperature and climate data: a synthesis of FLUXNET data SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY LA English DT Article DE phenology; eddy covariance; CO2 exchange; canopy photosynthesis ID UNITED-STATES; EDDY COVARIANCE; ENERGY FLUXES; LONG-TERM; ATMOSPHERE EXCHANGE; ECOSYSTEM EXCHANGE; DIOXIDE EXCHANGE; BEECH FOREST; WATER-VAPOR; CO2 FLUX AB We tested the hypothesis that the date of the onset of net carbon uptake by temperate deciduous forest canopies corresponds with the time when the mean daily soil temperature equals the mean annual air temperature. The hypothesis was tested using over 30 site-years of data from 12 field sites where CO2 exchange is being measured continuously with the eddy covariance method. The sites spanned the geographic range of Europe, North America and Asia and spanned a climate space of 16 degrees C in mean annual temperature. The tested phenology rule was robust and worked well over a 75 day range of the initiation of carbon uptake, starting as early as day 88 near Ione, California to as late as day 147 near Takayama, Japan. Overall, we observed that 64% of variance in the timing when net carbon uptake started was explained by the date when soil temperature matched the mean annual air temperature. We also observed a strong correlation between mean annual air temperature and the day that a deciduous forest starts to be a carbon sink. Consequently we are able to provide a simple phenological rule that can be implemented in regional carbon balance models and be assessed with soil and temperature outputs produced by climate and weather models. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Ecosyst Sci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ British Columbia, Fac Agr Sci, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. Ohio State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Univ Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany. Univ Virginia, Dept Environm Sci, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. INRA, Champenoux, France. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Max Planck Inst Biogeochem, Jena, Germany. RISOE, Roskilde, Denmark. Indiana Univ, Dept Geog, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. Univ Tuscia, Dept Forest Sci & Environm, Viterbo, Italy. NOAA, Atmospher Turbulence & Diffus Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA. Harvard Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058569, Japan. Univ Calif Berkeley, ESPM, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Baldocchi, DD (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Ecosyst Sci Div, 151 Hilgard Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM baldocchi@nature.berkeley.edu RI Valentini, Riccardo/D-1226-2010; Schmid, Hans Peter/I-1224-2012; Pilegaard, Kim/I-7137-2013; Knohl, Alexander/F-9453-2014; Baldocchi, Dennis/A-1625-2009; Gu, Lianhong/H-8241-2014 OI Valentini, Riccardo/0000-0002-6756-5634; Schmid, Hans Peter/0000-0001-9076-4466; Pilegaard, Kim/0000-0002-5169-5717; Knohl, Alexander/0000-0002-7615-8870; Baldocchi, Dennis/0000-0003-3496-4919; Gu, Lianhong/0000-0001-5756-8738 NR 55 TC 102 Z9 110 U1 1 U2 47 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0020-7128 J9 INT J BIOMETEOROL JI Int. J. Biometeorol. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 49 IS 6 BP 377 EP 387 DI 10.1007/s00484-005-0256-4 PG 11 WC Biophysics; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Physiology SC Biophysics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Physiology GA 946GE UT WOS:000230559600004 PM 15688192 ER PT J AU Pereyra, R Shen, YL AF Pereyra, R Shen, YL TI Characterization of indentation-induced 'particle crowding' in metal matrix composites SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DAMAGE MECHANICS LA English DT Article ID TENSILE-STRENGTH; HARDNESS; BEHAVIOR; MICROSTRUCTURE; STRESS AB A direct experimental characterization of reinforcement configuration in an indentation-deformed metal matrix composite is undertaken. The primary objective is to quantify the possible local increase in particle concentration, which has been proposed to cause inconsistency in the indentation hardness and the overall composite strength. Quantitative metallography on the post-indented material is carried out to measure the particle volume fraction. Multiple cross sections of an indentation are investigated with the statistically significant results obtained. A distinct increase in particle concentration induced by the indentation is found. The spatial distribution of particle concentration is also examined in detail. The residual compressive stress field remained in the material upon unloading, as illustrated by the finite element analysis, is shown to be in qualitative agreement with the measurement. C1 Univ New Mexico, Dept Mech Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Shen, YL (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Mech Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RI Shen, Yu-Lin/C-1942-2008 NR 19 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 1056-7895 J9 INT J DAMAGE MECH JI Int. J. Damage Mech. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 14 IS 3 BP 197 EP 213 DI 10.1177/1056789505048603 PG 17 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Materials Science; Mechanics GA 939CH UT WOS:000230049400001 ER PT J AU Ye, M Zyren, J Shore, J AF Ye, M Zyren, J Shore, J TI A monthly crude oil spot price forecasting model using relative inventories SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FORECASTING LA English DT Article DE forecast modeling; crude oil price; petroleum inventory ID UNITED-STATES; EXPECTATIONS AB This paper presents a short-tern forecasting model of monthly West Texas Intermediate crude oil spot prices using readily available OECD industrial petroleum inventory levels. The model provides good in-sample and out-of-sample dynamic forecasts for the post-Gulf War time period. In-sample and out-of-sample forecasts from the model are compared with those derived from other models. The model is intended for the practicing forecaster and designed to be simple enough to implement easily in a spreadsheet or other software package, with the variables easy to update. The simplicity and ease of updating make this model attractive for investigating various scenarios to see the impacts that market changes can have on monthly crude oil spot prices if inventories, production, imports, or demand change. Finally, the model structure can easily be updated periodically should there be a fundamental market change or a shift in the normal level of inventories. (c) 2005 International Institute of Forecasters. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 St Marys Coll Maryland, Dept Econ, St Marys City, MD 20686 USA. US DOE, Petr Div, Off Oil & Gas, Energy Informat Adm, Washington, DC 20585 USA. RP Ye, M (reprint author), St Marys Coll Maryland, Dept Econ, St Marys City, MD 20686 USA. EM mhye@smcm.edu NR 15 TC 48 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-2070 J9 INT J FORECASTING JI Int. J. Forecast. PD JUL-SEP PY 2005 VL 21 IS 3 BP 491 EP 501 DI 10.1016/j.ijforecast.2005.01.001 PG 11 WC Economics; Management SC Business & Economics GA 949PN UT WOS:000230800700007 ER PT J AU Lee, SHD Applegate, DV Ahmed, S Calderone, SG Harvey, TL AF Lee, SHD Applegate, DV Ahmed, S Calderone, SG Harvey, TL TI Hydrogen from natural gas: part I - autothermal reforming in an integrated fuel processor SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY LA English DT Article DE hydrogen; natural gas; reforming; reformer; fuel cells; fuel processing ID CATALYTIC PARTIAL OXIDATION; CELL SYSTEMS; METHANE AB A fuel processor, which incorporates a catalytic autothermal reformer (ATR), a sulfur trap, and a water-gas-shift (WGS) bed engineered to. thermally integrate the ATR and WGS processes for improved thermal efficiency, was developed and tested with, natural gas as a hydrogen generator for fuel cell applications. In this study, the fuel processor was successfully run over 2300 h of continuous operation at 3.1-16.0 kWth input energy capacities. Test results obtained from characterizing the ATR performance show that the reformer achieved over 40% H-2 (dry basis) in the ATR reformate and 96-99.9% methane conversion over the entire test duration. The methane reforming efficiency reached over 90% at 16.0 kWth input energy level (or equivalent to 29 L/min fuel processing rate), but decreased with decreasing fuel processing rate. The oxygen-to-fuel molar ratio and the fuel processing rate were found to be the key operating parameters in determining the ATR bed temperature, the methane conversion, and the methane reforming efficiency. © 2004 International Association for Hydrogen Energy. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem Engn, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. H2fuel, LLC, Mt Prospect, IL 60056 USA. RP Lee, SHD (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem Engn, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM lee@cmt.anl.gov NR 22 TC 95 Z9 103 U1 3 U2 15 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0360-3199 J9 INT J HYDROGEN ENERG JI Int. J. Hydrog. Energy PD JUL PY 2005 VL 30 IS 8 BP 829 EP 842 DI 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2004.09.010 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA 931YQ UT WOS:000229521800003 ER PT J AU Vergados, JD Quentin, P Strottman, D AF Vergados, JD Quentin, P Strottman, D TI Direct detection of supersymmetric dark matter: Theoretical rates for transitions to excited states SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS E-NUCLEAR PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE supersymmetry; WIMPS; CDM; nuclear structure; iodine; excited states; collective model ID INTERACTING MASSIVE PARTICLES; SPIN-DEPENDENT SCATTERING; NUCLEUS SCATTERING; POWER SPECTRUM; CROSS-SECTIONS; DIRECT SEARCH; HEAVY-NUCLEI; WIMP SEARCH; MAXIMA-1; GE-73 AB The recent WMAP data have confirmed that exotic dark matter together with the vacuum energy (cosmological constant) dominate in the flat universe. Supersymmetry provides a natural dark matter candidate, the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP). Thus direct dark matter detection is central to particle physics and cosmology. Most of the research on this issue has hitherto focused on the detection of the recoiling nucleus. In this paper, we study transitions to the excited states, focusing on the first excited state at 50 keV of Iodine A = 127. We find that the transition rate to this excited state is less than or similar to 10 percent of the transition to the ground state. So, in principle, the extra signature of the gamma ray following its de-excitation can be exploited experimentally. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret Phys, T DO, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Ioannina, Div Theoret Phys, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece. RP Vergados, JD (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret Phys, T DO, T-6,POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 64 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0218-3013 J9 INT J MOD PHYS E JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. E-Nucl. Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 14 IS 5 BP 751 EP 762 DI 10.1142/S0218301305003508 PG 12 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 963AN UT WOS:000231775100003 ER PT J AU Tsang, CF Jing, LR Stephansson, O Kautsky, F AF Tsang, CF Jing, LR Stephansson, O Kautsky, F TI The DECOVALEX III project: A summary of activities and lessons learned SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ROCK MECHANICS AND MINING SCIENCES LA English DT Article AB Initiated in 1992, the DECOVALEX project is an international collaboration for advancing the understanding and modeling of coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical (THM) processes in geologic systems. The project has made important scientific achievements through three stages and is progressing in its fourth stage. It has played a key role in the development of mathematical modeling and in situ testing of coupled THM processes in fractured rock and buffer/backfill materials, a subject of importance for performance assessment of radioactive waste geologic repositories. This paper summarizes studies under the most recent stage of the project, DECOVALEX III (2000-2003). These studies include those of two major field experiments: (a) the FEBEX experiment at Grimsel, Switzerland, investigating coupled THM processes in a crystalline rock-bentonite system, and (b) the Drift Scale Test (DST) experiment at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, investigating coupled THM processes in unsaturated tuff. These are two of the largest multiyear heater tests undertaken to date for the study of coupled THM processes in geological systems. In addition, three so-called benchmark tests are also studied to evaluate the impact of coupled THM processes under different scenarios and geometries. Within the DECOVALEX project, multiple research teams participated in each of the studies, using different approaches and computer codes. Comparisons of results have provided insight into coupled THM processes, which in turn has stimulated further development of our modeling capabilities. Lessons learned from these studies are discussed. The scientific advances and enhanced insight gained through this kind of international cooperation illustrate the effectiveness of the DECOVALEX project. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Royal Inst Technol, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden. Geoforschungszentrum Potsdam, D-14473 Potsdam, Germany. Swedish Nucl Power Inspectorate, SE-10658 Stockholm, Sweden. RP Tsang, CF (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM cftsang@lbl.gov NR 55 TC 26 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1365-1609 J9 INT J ROCK MECH MIN JI Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. PD JUL-SEP PY 2005 VL 42 IS 5-6 BP 593 EP 610 DI 10.1016/j.ijrmms.2005.03.003 PG 18 WC Engineering, Geological; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Engineering; Mining & Mineral Processing GA 960HH UT WOS:000231580700002 ER PT J AU Alonso, EE Alcoverro, J Coste, F Malinsky, L Merrien-Soukatchoff, V Kadiri, I Nowak, T Shao, H Nguyen, TS Selvadurai, APS Armand, G Sobolik, SR Itamura, M Stone, CM Webb, SW Rejeb, A Tijani, M Maouche, Z Kobayashi, A Kurikami, H Ito, A Sugita, Y Chijimatsu, M Borgesson, L Hernelind, J Rutqvist, J Tsang, CF Jussila, P AF Alonso, EE Alcoverro, J Coste, F Malinsky, L Merrien-Soukatchoff, V Kadiri, I Nowak, T Shao, H Nguyen, TS Selvadurai, APS Armand, G Sobolik, SR Itamura, M Stone, CM Webb, SW Rejeb, A Tijani, M Maouche, Z Kobayashi, A Kurikami, H Ito, A Sugita, Y Chijimatsu, M Borgesson, L Hernelind, J Rutqvist, J Tsang, CF Jussila, P TI The FEBEX benchmark test: case definition and comparison of modelling approaches SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ROCK MECHANICS AND MINING SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE benchmark; case history; nuclear waste; bentonite; thermo-hydro-mechanical analysis; numerical analysis ID BENTONITE AB The FEBEX (Full-scale Engineered Barriers Experiment in Crystalline Host Rock) "in situ" test was installed at the Grimsel Test Site underground laboratory (Switzerland) and is a near-to-real scale simulation of the Spanish reference concept of deep geological storage in crystalline host rock. A modelling exercise, aimed at predicting field behaviour, was divided in three parts. In Part A, predictions for both the total water inflow to the tunnel as well as the water pressure changes induced by the boring of the tunnel were required. In Part B, predictions for local field variables, such as temperature, relative humidity, stresses and displacements at selected points in the bentonite barrier, and global variables, such as the total input power to the heaters were required. In Part C, predictions for temperature, stresses, water pressures and displacements in selected points of the host rock were required. Ten Modelling Teams from Europe, North America and Japan were involved in the analysis of the test. Differences among approaches may be found in the constitutive models used, in the simplifications made to the balance equations and in the geometric symmetries considered. Several aspects are addressed in the paper: the basic THM physical phenomena which dominate the test response are discussed, a comparison of different modelling results with actual measurements is presented and a discussion is given to explain the performance of the various predictions. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Politecn Catalunya, Dept Geotech Engn & Geosci, Barcelona 08034, Spain. Ecole Polytech, G3S, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. Ecole Mines, Lab Environm Geomecan & Ouvrages, F-54042 Nancy, France. Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Ecole Mines Paris, Paris, France. Kyoto Univ, Kyoto, Japan. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. Helsinki Univ Technol, Helsinki, Finland. McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T5, Canada. RP Alonso, EE (reprint author), Univ Politecn Catalunya, Dept Geotech Engn & Geosci, Edificio D-2,Campus Nord, Barcelona 08034, Spain. EM eduardo.alonso@upc.es RI Alonso, Eduardo/O-4249-2014; Rutqvist, Jonny/F-4957-2015; Alonso, Eduardo/H-2651-2015 OI Rutqvist, Jonny/0000-0002-7949-9785; Alonso, Eduardo/0000-0003-2472-3951 NR 19 TC 58 Z9 62 U1 1 U2 15 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1365-1609 J9 INT J ROCK MECH MIN JI Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. PD JUL-SEP PY 2005 VL 42 IS 5-6 BP 611 EP 638 DI 10.1016/j.ijrmms.2005.03.004 PG 28 WC Engineering, Geological; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Engineering; Mining & Mineral Processing GA 960HH UT WOS:000231580700003 ER PT J AU Rutqvist, J Barr, D Datta, R Gens, A Millard, A Olivella, S Tsang, CF Tsang, Y AF Rutqvist, J Barr, D Datta, R Gens, A Millard, A Olivella, S Tsang, CF Tsang, Y TI Coupled thermal-hydrological-mechanical analyses of the Yucca Mountain Drift Scale Test - Comparison of field measurements to predictions of four different numerical models SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ROCK MECHANICS AND MINING SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE coupled processes; modeling; thermal; hydrological; mechanical; measurements; permeability; fractured rock ID HEATER TEST; DEFORMATION; ROCK AB The Yucca Mountain Drift Scale Test (DST) is a multiyear, large-scale underground heating test designed to study coupled thermal-hydrological-mechanical-chemical behavior in unsaturated fractured and welded tuff. As part of the international cooperative code-comparison project DEvelopment of COupled models and their VALidation against EXperiments, four research teams used four different numerical models to simulate and predict coupled thermal-hydrological-mechanical (THM) processes at the DST. The simulated processes included heat transfer, liquid and vapor water movements, rock-mass stress and displacement, and stress-induced changes in fracture permeability. Model predictions were evaluated by comparison to measurements of temperature, water saturation, displacement, and air permeability. The generally good agreement between simulated and measured THM data shows that adopted continuum model approaches are adequate for simulating relevant coupled THM processes at the DST. Moreover, thermal-mechanically induced rock-mass deformations were reasonably well predicted using elastic models, although some individual displacements appeared to be better captured using an elasto-plastic model. It is concluded that fracture closure/opening caused by change in normal stress across fractures is the dominant mechanism for thermal-stress-induced changes in intrinsic fracture permeability at the DST, whereas fracture shear dilation appears to be less significant. This indicates that such changes in intrinsic permeability at the DST, which are within one order of magnitude, are likely to be mostly reversible. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 LBNL, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. US DOE, Office Repository Dev, Las Vegas, NV 89036 USA. Bechtel SAIC Co, Las Vegas, NV 89144 USA. Tech Univ Catalunya, Geotech Engn Dept, Barcelona 08034, Spain. CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. RP Rutqvist, J (reprint author), LBNL, Div Earth Sci, MS 90-1116,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jrutqvist@lbl.gov RI Rutqvist, Jonny/F-4957-2015; Gens, Antonio/H-2825-2015; OI Rutqvist, Jonny/0000-0002-7949-9785; Gens, Antonio/0000-0001-7588-7054; Olivella, Sebastia/0000-0003-3976-4027 NR 32 TC 50 Z9 66 U1 1 U2 12 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1365-1609 J9 INT J ROCK MECH MIN JI Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. PD JUL-SEP PY 2005 VL 42 IS 5-6 BP 680 EP 697 DI 10.1016/j.ijrmms.2005.03.008 PG 18 WC Engineering, Geological; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Engineering; Mining & Mineral Processing GA 960HH UT WOS:000231580700007 ER PT J AU Sonnenthal, E Ito, A Spycher, N Yui, M Apps, J Sugita, Y Conrad, M Kawakami, S AF Sonnenthal, E Ito, A Spycher, N Yui, M Apps, J Sugita, Y Conrad, M Kawakami, S TI Approaches to modeling coupled thermal, hydrological, and chemical processes in the Drift Scale Heater Test at Yucca Mountain SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ROCK MECHANICS AND MINING SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID REACTIVE GEOCHEMICAL TRANSPORT; SATURATED FRACTURED ROCKS; NONISOTHERMAL FLUID-FLOW; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; PRECIPITATION; DISSOLUTION; SYSTEMS; PHASE AB A large-scale underground thermal test (Drift Scale Test DST) in fractured volcanic tuff resulted in changes to water and gas chemistry as well as mineral precipitation and dissolution in fractures. Thermal, hydrological, and chemical (THC) processes in the DST were modeled by Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory "LBNL" and Japan Nuclear Cycle Development Institute "JNC" as part of the international working group DECOVALEX. Predictions of THC processes in the DST for the 4-year heating and 4-year cooling periods were initially performed by the LBNL group, with the current model reflecting a revised heater operation history and model. JNC used primarily the original data from the prediction and created a new model to evaluate a selected set of data. The approaches taken by the groups differed in several ways and a comparison of the methodologies and results of the simulations allow for a better understanding of modeling coupled processes in unsaturated fractured rock. The LBNL model represented the fractures and rock matrix as a fully interacting dual-continuum (in terms of fluid, heat, and chemical transport) with the local mineral-water-gas reactions treated by kinetic and equilibrium reactions. The JNC model represented the fractures and matrix as a single effective continuum, with equilibrium mineral-water reactions controlling the chemical evolution. Both models considered aqueous species transport, with gas phase CO2 transport only considered in the LBNL model. Comparisons to data collected from the DST illustrate the behavior of the models and their ability to capture the relevant THC processes. Overall, both models capture the temperature evolution in the rock quite closely, although the JNC model gave a closer match to the initial temperature rise in the rock, likely owing to the use of site-specific thermal data as opposed to average properties used for the LBNL model. Both models showed the contrasting solubility effects of increasing temperature on calcite and silica solubility; yet the dual-continuum approach better represented the effects of boiling and condensation on aqueous species chemistry and the distribution of mineral precipitation. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 LBNL, ESD, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Sonnenthal, E (reprint author), LBNL, ESD, MS 90-1116,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM elsonnenthal@lbl.gov RI Conrad, Mark/G-2767-2010; Sonnenthal, Eric/A-4336-2009; Spycher, Nicolas/E-6899-2010 NR 32 TC 44 Z9 53 U1 1 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1365-1609 J9 INT J ROCK MECH MIN JI Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. PD JUL-SEP PY 2005 VL 42 IS 5-6 BP 698 EP 719 DI 10.1016/j.ijrmms.2005.03.009 PG 22 WC Engineering, Geological; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Engineering; Mining & Mineral Processing GA 960HH UT WOS:000231580700008 ER PT J AU Chijimatsu, M Nguyen, TS Jing, L De Jonge, J Kohlmeier, M Millard, A Rejeb, A Rutqvist, J Souley, M Sugita, Y AF Chijimatsu, M Nguyen, TS Jing, L De Jonge, J Kohlmeier, M Millard, A Rejeb, A Rutqvist, J Souley, M Sugita, Y TI Numerical study of the THM effects on the near-field safety of a hypothetical nuclear waste repository - BMT1 of the DECOVALEX III project. Part 1: Conceptualization and characterization of the problems and summary of results SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ROCK MECHANICS AND MINING SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID KAMAISHI MINE AB Geological disposal of the spent nuclear fuel often uses the concept of multiple barrier systems. In order to predict the performance of these barriers, mathematical models have been developed, verified and validated against analytical solutions, laboratory tests and field experiments within the international DECOVALEX III project. These models in general consider the full coupling of thermal (T), hydraulic (H) and mechanical (M) processes that would prevail in the geological media around the repository. For Bench Mark Test no. 1 (BMTI) of the DECOVALEX III project, seven multinational research teams studied the implications of coupled THM processes on the safety of a hypothetical nuclear waste repository at the near-field and are presented in three accompanying papers in this issue. This paper is the first of the three companion papers, which provides the conceptualization and characterization of the BMT1 as well as some general conclusions based on the findings of the numerical studies. It also shows the process of building confidence in the mathematical models by calibration with a reference T-H-M experiment with realistic rock mass conditions and bentonite properties and measured outputs of thermal, hydraulic and mechanical variables. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Hazama Corp, Minato Ku, Tokyo 1058479, Japan. CNSC, Ottawa, ON, Canada. Royal Inst Technol KTH, Stockholm, Sweden. Univ Tubingen, Tubingen, Germany. Univ Hannover, Hannover, Germany. CEA, Paris, France. IRSN, Paris, France. LBNL, Berkeley, CA USA. Ecole Mines, INERIS, LAEGO, Nancy, France. JNC Dev Inst, Ibaraki, Japan. RP Chijimatsu, M (reprint author), Hazama Corp, Minato Ku, 2-5-5 Toranomon, Tokyo 1058479, Japan. EM mchiji@hazama.co.jp RI Rutqvist, Jonny/F-4957-2015 OI Rutqvist, Jonny/0000-0002-7949-9785 NR 11 TC 15 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1365-1609 J9 INT J ROCK MECH MIN JI Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. PD JUL-SEP PY 2005 VL 42 IS 5-6 BP 720 EP 730 DI 10.1016/j.ijrmms.2005.03.010 PG 11 WC Engineering, Geological; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Engineering; Mining & Mineral Processing GA 960HH UT WOS:000231580700009 ER PT J AU Millard, A Rejeb, A Chijimatsu, M Jing, L De Jonge, J Kohlmeier, M Nguyen, TS Rutqvist, J Souley, M Sugita, Y AF Millard, A Rejeb, A Chijimatsu, M Jing, L De Jonge, J Kohlmeier, M Nguyen, TS Rutqvist, J Souley, M Sugita, Y TI Numerical study of the THM effects on the near-field safety of a hypothetical nuclear waste repository - BMT1 of the DECOVALEX III project. Part 2: Effects of THM coupling in continuous and homogeneous rocks SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ROCK MECHANICS AND MINING SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE thermo-hydro-mechanical couplings; performance assessment; radioactive wastes ID KAMAISHI MINE AB An evaluation of the importance of the thermo-hydro-mechanical couplings (THM) on the performance assessment of a deep underground radioactive waste repository has been made as a part of the international DECOVALEX III project. It is a numerical study that simulates a generic repository configuration in the near field in a continuous and homogeneous hard rock. A periodic repository configuration comprises a single vertical borehole, containing a canister surrounded by an over-pack and a bentonite layer, and the backfilled upper portion of the gallery. The thermo-hydro-mechanical evolution of the whole configuration is simulated over a period of 100 years. The importance of the rock mass's intrinsic permeability has been investigated through scoping calculations with three values: 10(-17), 10(-18) and 10(-19) m(2). Comparison of the results predicted by fully coupled THM analysis as well as partially coupled TH, TM and HM analyses, in terms of several predefined indicators of importance for performance assessment, enables us to identify the effects of the different combinations of couplings, which play a crucial role with respect to safety issues. The results demonstrate that temperature is hardly affected by the couplings. In contrast, the influence of the couplings on the mechanical stresses is considerable. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 CENS, CEA, DM2S, LM2S, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. IRSN, Paris, France. Hazama Corp, Minato Ku, Tokyo 1078658, Japan. Royal Inst Technol KTH, Stockholm, Sweden. Univ Tubingen, Tubingen, Germany. Univ Hannover, Hannover, Germany. CNSC, Ottawa, ON, Canada. LBNL, Berkeley, CA USA. Ecole Mines, INERIS, LAEGO, Nancy, France. JNC Dev Inst, Ibaraki, Japan. RP Millard, A (reprint author), CENS, CEA, DM2S, LM2S, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. EM alain.millard@cea.fr RI Rutqvist, Jonny/F-4957-2015 OI Rutqvist, Jonny/0000-0002-7949-9785 NR 8 TC 14 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1365-1609 J9 INT J ROCK MECH MIN JI Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. PD JUL-SEP PY 2005 VL 42 IS 5-6 BP 731 EP 744 DI 10.1016/j.ijrmms.2005.03.011 PG 14 WC Engineering, Geological; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Engineering; Mining & Mineral Processing GA 960HH UT WOS:000231580700010 ER PT J AU Rutqvist, J Chijimatsu, M Jing, L Millard, A Nguyen, TS Rejeb, A Sugita, Y Tsang, CF AF Rutqvist, J Chijimatsu, M Jing, L Millard, A Nguyen, TS Rejeb, A Sugita, Y Tsang, CF TI A numerical study of THM effects on the near-field safety of a hypothetical nuclear waste repository - BMT1 of the DECOVALEX III project. Part 3: Effects of THM coupling in sparsely fractured rocks SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ROCK MECHANICS AND MINING SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE modelling; coupled processes; fractured rock bentonite; THM; nuclear waste disposal ID KAMAISHI MINE AB As a part of the international DECOVALEX III project, and the European BENCHPAR project, the impact of thermal-hydrological-mechanical (THM) couplings on the performance of a bentonite-back-filled nuclear waste repository in near-field crystalline rocks is evaluated in a Bench-Mark Test problem (BMT1) and the results are presented in a series of three companion papers in this issue. This is the third paper with focuses on the effects of THM processes at a repository located in a sparsely fractured rock. Several independent coupled THM analyses presented in this paper show that THM couplings have the most significant impact on the mechanical stress evolution, which is important for repository design, construction and post-closure monitoring considerations. The results show that the stress evolution in the bentonite-back-filled excavations and the surrounding rock depends on the post-closure evolution of both fields of temperature and fluid pressure. It is further shown that the time required to full resaturation may play an important role for the mechanical integrity of the repository drifts. In this sense, the presence of hydraulically conducting fractures in the near-field rock might actually improve the mechanical performance of the repository. Hydraulically conducting fractures in the near-field rocks enhances the water supply to the buffers/back-fills, which promotes a more timely process of resaturation and development of swelling pressures in the back-fill, thus provides timely confining stress and support to the rock walls. In one particular case simulated in this study, it was shown that failure in the drift walls could be prevented if the compressive stresses in back-fill were fully developed within 50 yr, which is when thermally induced rock strain begins to create high differential (failure-prone) stresses in the near-field rocks. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 LBNL, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Hazama Corp, Tokyo, Japan. Royal Inst Technol KTH, Stockholm, Sweden. CEA, Paris, France. CNSC, Ottawa, ON, Canada. IRSN, Paris, France. JNC Dev Inst, Ibaraki, Japan. RP Rutqvist, J (reprint author), LBNL, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jrutqvist@lbl.gov RI Rutqvist, Jonny/F-4957-2015 OI Rutqvist, Jonny/0000-0002-7949-9785 NR 10 TC 24 Z9 32 U1 2 U2 13 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1365-1609 J9 INT J ROCK MECH MIN JI Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. PD JUL-SEP PY 2005 VL 42 IS 5-6 BP 745 EP 755 DI 10.1016/j.ijrmms.2005.03.012 PG 11 WC Engineering, Geological; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Engineering; Mining & Mineral Processing GA 960HH UT WOS:000231580700011 ER PT J AU Min, KB Rutqvist, J Tsang, CF Jing, LR AF Min, KB Rutqvist, J Tsang, CF Jing, LR TI Thermally induced mechanical and permeability changes around a nuclear waste repository - a far-field study based on equivalent properties determined by a discrete approach SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ROCK MECHANICS AND MINING SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE equivalent continuum; fractured rock mass; nuclear waste repository ID FRACTURED ROCK MASSES; COUPLED HYDROMECHANICAL BEHAVIOR; ELEMENT METHOD; POROUS ROCKS; FORMULATION; CONSOLIDATION; MODELS; TENSOR AB A numerical investigation is conducted on the impacts of the thermal loading history on the evolution of mechanical response and permeability field of a fractured rock mass containing a hypothetical nuclear waste repository. The geological data are extracted from the site investigation results at Sellafield, England. A combined methodology of discrete and continuum approaches is presented. The results of a series of simulations based on the DFN-DEM (discrete fracture network-distinct element method) approach provide the mechanical and hydraulic properties of fractured rock masses, and their stress-dependencies. These properties are calculated on a representative scale that depends on fracture network characteristics and constitutive models of intact rock and fractures. In the present study, data indicate that the large scale domain can be divided into four regions with different property sets corresponding to the depth. The results derived by the DFN-DEM approach are then passed on to a large-scale analysis of the far-field problem for the equivalent continuum analysis. The large-scale far-field analysis is conducted using a FEM code, ROCMAS for coupled thermo-mechanical process. The results show that the thermal stresses of fractured rock masses vary significantly with mechanical properties determined at the representative scale. Vertical heaving and horizontal tensile displacement are observed above the repository. Observed stress and displacement fields also shows significant dependency on how the mechanical properties are characterized. The permeability changes induced by the thermal loading show that it generally decreases close to the repository. However, change of permeability is small, i.e., a factor of two, and thermally induced dilation of fracture was not observed. Note that the repository excavation effects were not considered in the study. The work presented in this paper is the result of efforts on a benchmark test (BMT2) within the international co-operative projects DECOVALEX III and BENCHPAR. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Royal Inst Technol KTH, Engn Geol & Geophys Res Grp, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden. LBNL, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Min, KB (reprint author), Royal Inst Technol KTH, Engn Geol & Geophys Res Grp, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden. EM kibok@kth.se RI Min, Ki-Bok/B-5374-2008; Rutqvist, Jonny/F-4957-2015 OI Min, Ki-Bok/0000-0001-7463-7395; Rutqvist, Jonny/0000-0002-7949-9785 NR 31 TC 14 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 11 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1365-1609 J9 INT J ROCK MECH MIN JI Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. PD JUL-SEP PY 2005 VL 42 IS 5-6 BP 765 EP 780 DI 10.1016/j.ijrmms.2005.03.014 PG 16 WC Engineering, Geological; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Engineering; Mining & Mineral Processing GA 960HH UT WOS:000231580700013 ER PT J AU Ohman, J Niemi, A Tsang, CF AF Ohman, J Niemi, A Tsang, CF TI Probabilistic estimation of fracture transmissivity from Wellbore hydraulic data accounting for depth-dependent anisotropic rock stress SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ROCK MECHANICS AND MINING SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE anisotropy; borehole analysis; fracture transmissivity; stress-field ID HYDROMECHANICAL BEHAVIOR; MODEL; CONDUCTIVITY; DEFORMATION; NETWORKS; JOINTS; FLOW AB A new method is introduced that incorporates the use of hydrological and rock mechanical data in assigning transmissivities for fracture-network models. The hydrological data comes from fixed-interval packer tests carried out in a borehole and the rock-mechanical data are the prevailing in situ depth-dependent stress-field and the stress-closure relationship of fractures. In the model, the fracture transmissivity distribution is considered to be constituted of two components, one deterministic stress-induced component and the other a stochastic component that describes the intrinsic variability of fractures in a network. The outcome is a tensorial description of fracture transmissivities in an anisotropic stress-regime, where the transmissivity for an arbitrarily oriented fracture in the network is determined by its orientation in relation to the ambient stress-field. These transmissivities are conditioned such that the overall results satisfy the hydraulic packer test data. The suggested procedure is applied to an example data set from a site at Sellafield, England. The results show that the probabilistic approach, relying on hydraulic data alone, may underestimate the true variability in fracture transmissivities, since the typically vertical boreholes entail a sampling bias towards horizontal fractures that are predominantly subject to vertical stress. The suggested method helps to account for the true underlying three-dimensional variability that is incompletely resolved by using the hydraulic borehole data alone. This method is likely to have the largest impact at low stress-levels, in strongly anisotropic stress-fields, for borehole directions parallel to one principal stress, and for fracture network geometries characterized by sets orthogonal to the three principal stresses. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Uppsala Univ, Dept Earth Sci, S-75236 Uppsala, Sweden. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Ohman, J (reprint author), Uppsala Univ, Dept Earth Sci, Villavagen 16, S-75236 Uppsala, Sweden. EM johan.ohman@hyd.uu.se NR 37 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1365-1609 J9 INT J ROCK MECH MIN JI Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. PD JUL-SEP PY 2005 VL 42 IS 5-6 BP 793 EP 804 DI 10.1016/j.ijrmms.2005.03.016 PG 12 WC Engineering, Geological; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Engineering; Mining & Mineral Processing GA 960HH UT WOS:000231580700015 ER PT J AU Wu, HL Huang, YX Acosta, EP Rosenkranz, SL Kuritzkes, DR Eron, JJ Perelson, AS Gerber, JG AF Wu, HL Huang, YX Acosta, EP Rosenkranz, SL Kuritzkes, DR Eron, JJ Perelson, AS Gerber, JG TI Modeling long-term HIV dynamics and antiretroviral response - Effects of drug potency, pharmacokinetics, adherence, and drug resistance SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE correlation analysis; drug exposures; drug resistance; dynamic parameter estimation; IIIV dynamic modeling; treatment efficacy ID AIDS CLINICAL-TRIALS; IN-VIVO; VIRAL DYNAMICS; BASE-LINE; THERAPY; PLASMA; INFECTION; DECAY; CLEARANCE; EFFICACY AB We propose a long-term HIV-1 dynamic model by considering drug potency, drug exposure, and drug susceptibility. Using a Bayesian approach, HIV-1 dynamic parameters were estimated by fitting the model to viral load data from a phase 1/2 randomized clinical study of 2 indinavir (IDV)/ritonavir (RTV) containing highly active antiretroviral (ARV) therapy regimens in HIV-infected subjects who had previously failed protease inhibitor-containing ARV therapies. A large between-subject variation in estimated viral dynamic parameters was observed. even after accounting for variations in drug exposure and drug susceptibility, suggesting that characteristics of HIV-1 dynamics are host dependent. Significant correlations of baseline factors such as HIV- I RNA levels and CD4(+) cell counts with viral dynamic parameters were found. These correlations coincide with biologic interaction mechanisms between HIV and the host immune system and also provide an explanation for the correlations between the baseline viral load and phase I viral decay rate, for which inconsistent results have been reported in the literature. The relations between vital dynamic parameters and virologic response were established. and these results suggest that viral dynamic parameters may play in important role in determining treatment success or failure. In particular, we estimated a drug efficacy threshold for each patient that can be used to assess whether an ARV regimen is potent enough to Suppress HIV viruses in the individual patient. Our findings indicate that it is necessary to individualize the ARV regimen to treat HIV-1 infected patients. The proposed mathematic models andstatistical techniques may provide a framework to simulate and predict antiviral response for individual patients. C1 Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Dept Biostat & Computat Biol, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. Univ Alabama, Div Clin Pharmacol, Sch Med, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Frontier Sci & Technol Res Fdn Inc, Boston, MA USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Partners AIDS Res Ctr, Cambridge, MA USA. Brigham & Womens Hosp, Cambridge, MD USA. Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Biol & Biophys Grp, Los Alamos, NM USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Clin Pharmacol, Denver, CO 80202 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Infect Dis, Denver, CO 80202 USA. RP Wu, HL (reprint author), Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Dept Biostat & Computat Biol, 601 Elmwood Ave,Box 630, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. EM hwu@bst.rochester.edu FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR06555, RR00046]; NIAID NIH HHS [AI052765, AI055290, AI38855, AI28433, AI32775, AI50410] NR 50 TC 54 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD JUL 1 PY 2005 VL 39 IS 3 BP 272 EP 283 DI 10.1097/01.qai.0000165907.04710.da PG 12 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 940YQ UT WOS:000230182200003 PM 15980686 ER PT J AU Thompson, RC Kramer, J Hayes, RJ AF Thompson, RC Kramer, J Hayes, RJ TI Response of an urban bus flywheel battery to a rapid loss-of-vacuunn event SO JOURNAL OF ADVANCED MATERIALS LA English DT Article AB The University of Texas at Austin Center for Electromechanics (UT-CEM) has developed a 2 kW-hr flywheel battery for energy management on a hybrid electric urban bus. The battery recovers braking energy and stores excess energy generated by the prime mover (e.g., internal combustion engine). The flywheel rotor, fabricated from high-strength composites, spins at 40,000 rpm at full charge (similar to 900 mls tip speed), and is housed in a vacuum enclosure to minimize windage drag. Also integrated into the enclosure is a composite containment system that has been proof-tested to provide additional safety. Ensuring flywheel safety is a major issue that must be addressed in using flywheels for transportation applications. A large leak caused by a service failure of the vacuum system could damage the flywheel before the energy dump system has time to act. A rapid loss-of-vacuum test on a rotor similar to that planned for the urban bus flywheel was conducted. Instrumentation, during the flywheel spin test recorded increasing flywheel surface temperature (> 316 degrees C or 600 degrees F) following an intentional and abrupt loss of vacuum. No severe damage was noted on the surface of the flywheel, which was later retested to a higher speed to assess structural integrity. This paper provides an analysis of the data from that test and discusses the experimental results as they pertain to safety of the bus flywheel. C1 Univ Texas, Ctr Electromech, Austin, TX 78758 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Winter Pk, CO USA. RP Thompson, RC (reprint author), Univ Texas, Ctr Electromech, 10100 Burnet Rd, Austin, TX 78758 USA. NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU SAMPE PUBLISHERS PI COVINA PA 1161 PARKVIEW DRIVE, COVINA, CA 91722 USA SN 1070-9789 J9 J ADV MATER-COVINA JI J. Adv. Mater. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 37 IS 3 BP 42 EP 50 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 004BZ UT WOS:000234728300008 ER PT J AU Silver, EW Eskenazi, B Evenson, DP Block, G Young, S Wyrobek, AJ AF Silver, EW Eskenazi, B Evenson, DP Block, G Young, S Wyrobek, AJ TI Effect of antioxidant intake on sperm chromatin stability in healthy nonsmoking men SO JOURNAL OF ANDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE fertility; spermatozoa; nutrition; oxidative stress; DNA fragmentation ID OXIDATIVE DNA-DAMAGE; STRUCTURE ASSAY; MALE-INFERTILITY; HUMAN-FERTILITY; SEMEN QUALITY; BETA-CAROTENE; VITAMIN-A; DENATURATION; SPERMATOZOA; SUPPLEMENTATION AB Oxidative stress is detrimental to sperm function and a significant factor in the etiology of male infertility. This report examines the association between dietary and supplementary intake of the antioxidants vitamin C, vitamin E, and beta-carotene and sperm chromatin integrity. Eighty-seven healthy male volunteers donated semen samples, completed food-frequency questionnaires, and provided information about their sociodemographic characteristics, medical and reproductive histories, and lifestyle habits. Sperm chromatin integrity was measured using the DNA fragmentation index (DFI) and related parameters, obtained from the sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA (R)). SCSA measures the susceptibility of sperm DNA to acid-induced denaturation in situ. After adjusting for age and duration of abstinence, there was no dose-response association between any DFI outcome and any antioxidant intake measure. Non-close-related associations were found between beta-carotene intake and both the standard deviation of DFI (SD DFI) and the percent of immature sperm. Participants with moderate, but not high, beta-carotene intake had an increase in SD DFI compared with participants with low intake (adjusted means 206.7 and 180.5, respectively; P = .03), as well as an increase in the percentage of immature sperm (adjusted means 6.9% and 5.0%, respectively; P = .04). If antioxidant intake in the range studied is indeed beneficial for fertility in healthy men, it does not appear to be mediated through the integrity of sperm chromatin. The results of this study do not preclude possible beneficial effects of high antioxidant intake on sperm chromatin integrity for men with fertility problems. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. S Dakota State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biol & Biotechnol Res Program, Livermore, CA USA. RP Eskenazi, B (reprint author), 2150 Shattuck Ave,Suite 600, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM eskenazi@berkeley.edu RI Block, Gladys/E-3304-2010 FU NIA NIH HHS [1 U01 AG12554]; NIEHS NIH HHS [P42 ES04705] NR 37 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER SOC ANDROLOGY, INC PI LAWRENCE PA C/O ALLEN PRESS, INC PO BOX 368, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0196-3635 J9 J ANDROL JI J. Androl. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 26 IS 4 BP 550 EP 556 DI 10.2164/jandrol.04165 PG 7 WC Andrology SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 936MA UT WOS:000229858900016 PM 15955895 ER PT J AU McFarlane, SA Long, CN Flynn, DM AF McFarlane, SA Long, CN Flynn, DM TI Impact of island-induced clouds on surface measurements: Analysis of the ARM Nauru Island Effect Study data SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article ID HEAT ISLANDS; ATMOSPHERE; CONVECTION; RADIATION; PACIFIC; FLOW AB An Atmospheric Radiation and Cloud Station (ARCS) was established on the island of Nauru by the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Program. Analysis of the Nauru99 field experiment data indicated that measurements at the ARCS were affected by a cloud plume that was induced by diurnal heating of the island. During the Nauru Island Effects Study, instrumentation was installed at a second site to develop criteria for identifying when the cloud plume occurs and to quantify its effect on ARCS measurements. The plume directional heading and frequency of occurrence are affected by the large-scale tropical circulation. During the present study, in which an El Nino was developing, Nauru was in a region of active convection, and easterly trade winds were not dominant; plumes were observed in 25% of satellite images. and only one-half of the observed plumes were downwind of the ARCS site. Surface wind direction, surface air temperature, and downwelling solar radiation at the two sites were used to identify periods when the cloud plume affected surface measurements. Differences in low-cloud frequency and surface radiation between plume-affected and non-plume-affected periods were examined. Existence of the cloud plume increased the average low-cloud frequency of occurrence from 20%, to 35%, decreased the average down-welling, shortwave radiation by 50-60 W m(-2), and increased the average downwelling longwave radiation by 5-10 W m(-2). Installing a suite of surface meteorological instruments and a global shortwave radiometer at a second site will allow for the long-term quantification of the cloud plume effect on the radiation field at the ARCS site. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP McFarlane, SA (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999-MS K9-24, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM sally.mcfarlane@pnl.gov RI McFarlane, Sally/C-3944-2008 NR 21 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0894-8763 J9 J APPL METEOROL JI J. Appl. Meteorol. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 44 IS 7 BP 1045 EP 1065 DI 10.1175/JAM2241.1 PG 21 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 955JA UT WOS:000231221000006 ER PT J AU Barnat, EV Hebner, GA AF Barnat, EV Hebner, GA TI Plasma nonuniformities induced by dissimilar electrode metals SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID NEGATIVE-ION DENSITY; SURFACE DEPENDENT ELECTRON; ENERGY-DISTRIBUTIONS; REFERENCE CELL; DISCHARGES AB Nonuniformities in both sheath electric field and plasma excitation were observed around dissimilar metals placed on a rf electrode. Spatial maps of the rf sheath electric field obtained by laser-induced fluorescence-dip (LIF-dip) spectroscopy show that the sheath structure was a function of the electrode metal. In addition to the electric-field measurements, LIF, optical emission, and Langmuir probe measurements show nonuniform excitation around the dissimilar metals. The degree and spatial extent of the discharge nonuniformities were dependent on discharge conditions and the history of the metal surfaces. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Barnat, EV (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM evbarna@sandia.gov NR 23 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUL 1 PY 2005 VL 98 IS 1 AR 013305 DI 10.1063/1.1941481 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 953FO UT WOS:000231062200009 ER PT J AU Dhar, S Feldman, LC Wang, S Isaacs-Smith, T Williams, JR AF Dhar, S Feldman, LC Wang, S Isaacs-Smith, T Williams, JR TI Interface trap passivation for SiO2/(0001) C-terminated 4H-SiC SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID OXIDE-SEMICONDUCTOR STRUCTURES; SILICON-CARBIDE; BAND-EDGES; C(000(1)OVER-BAR) FACE; OXIDATION METHOD; POLYTYPE; DENSITY; STATES AB Interface trap passivation at the SiO2/carbon-terminated (0001) face of 4H-SiC utilizing nitridation and hydrogenation has been evaluated. The SiO2/SiC interface, created by dry thermal oxidation on the C face, shows appreciably higher interface state density near the conduction band compared to the (0001) Si face. A postoxidation anneal in nitric oxide followed by a postmetallization anneal in hydrogen results in dramatic reduction of the trap density by over an order of magnitude near the conduction band. The electrical measurements have been correlated with the interfacial chemistry. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Vanderbilt Univ, Interdisciplinary Mat sci, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Auburn Univ, Dept Phys, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. RP Dhar, S (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Interdisciplinary Mat sci, 221 Kirkland Hall, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. EM sarit.dhar@vanderbilt.edu NR 26 TC 44 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUL 1 PY 2005 VL 98 IS 1 AR 014902 DI 10.1063/1.1938270 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 953FO UT WOS:000231062200113 ER PT J AU Murray, CE Yan, HF Noyan, IC Cai, Z Lai, B AF Murray, CE Yan, HF Noyan, IC Cai, Z Lai, B TI High-resolution strain mapping in heteroepitaxial thin-film features SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID EDGE-INDUCED STRESS; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; BIMETAL THERMOSTATS; SUBSTRATE; DISTRIBUTIONS; CRYSTALS; STRIPES; FIELDS; LINES; RAMAN AB Heteroepitaxial thin-film features that are lattice matched to the underlying substrate undergo elastic relaxation at the free edges of the feature. To characterize the degree of elastic relaxation, we employed synchrotron-based x-ray diffraction techniques to map the change in lattice spacing in the thin film at a submicron resolution. Measurements, were conducted on 0.24-mu m thick, heteroepitaxially grown SiGe strips of various widths on Si (001). A comparison of the SiGe diffraction peak positions across the features provides a real-space mapping of the extent of elastic relaxation as a function of linewidth. The resultant in-plane normal film stress measurements were compared to calculated values from several elastic mechanical models to assess their validity in predicting stress distributions within the features. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 IBM Corp, Div Res, TJ Watson Res Ctr, Yorktown Hts, NY 10598 USA. Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Appl Math, New York, NY 10027 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Murray, CE (reprint author), IBM Corp, Div Res, TJ Watson Res Ctr, POB 218, Yorktown Hts, NY 10598 USA. EM conal@us.ibm.com RI Yan, Hanfei/F-7993-2011 OI Yan, Hanfei/0000-0001-6824-0367 NR 26 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUL 1 PY 2005 VL 98 IS 1 AR 013504 DI 10.1063/1.1938277 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 953FO UT WOS:000231062200014 ER PT J AU Puscasu, I Pralle, M McNeal, M Daly, J Greenwald, A Johnson, E Biswas, R Ding, CG AF Puscasu, I Pralle, M McNeal, M Daly, J Greenwald, A Johnson, E Biswas, R Ding, CG TI Extraordinary emission from two-dimensional plasmonic-photonic crystals SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID BAND-GAP; LIGHT; TRANSMISSION; GRATINGS; LATTICE; EDGE; THIN AB A metallodielectric architecture is employed to readily tailor the spectral properties of a bulk material for application to infrared sources and spectroscopic sensors. We exploit the interaction between surface plasmons at a metal interface with a photonic crystal in silicon to control the spectral response of the surface in reflection, absorption, and emission. The design uses Si-based thermally isolated suspended bridge structures fabricated using conventional photolithography techniques. The tunable narrow spectral response is defined by the symmetry and periodicity of the metallodielectric photonic crystal. Individual subresonances are recognized within this bandwidth. We model their origin through calculations of surface-plasmon modes in the metallic grating overlayer. Periodic arrays of holes in thin metal layers lead to coupled plasmons at the two metal-dielectric interfaces that, in turn, couple to modes in the underlying silicon-air photonic crystal. The model provides crucial physical insight into the interaction between surface plasmons and photonic crystals, with good agreement with the experimental results. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Ion Opt Incorp, Dept Res & Dev, Waltham, MA 02452 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50014 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Microelect Res Ctr, Ames, IA 50014 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50014 USA. RP Puscasu, I (reprint author), Ion Opt Incorp, Dept Res & Dev, Waltham, MA 02452 USA. EM ipuscasu@ion-optics.com NR 29 TC 41 Z9 43 U1 2 U2 24 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUL 1 PY 2005 VL 98 IS 1 AR 013531 DI 10.1063/1.1947899 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 953FO UT WOS:000231062200041 ER PT J AU Fair, JM Breshears, DD AF Fair, JM Breshears, DD TI Drought stress and fluctuating asymmetry in Quercus undulata leaves: confounding effects of absolute and relative amounts of stress? SO JOURNAL OF ARID ENVIRONMENTS LA English DT Article DE water-limitation; growth; leaves; wavyleaf oak ID CARBON-ISOTOPE DISCRIMINATION; DEVELOPMENTAL INSTABILITY; SEMIARID WOODLAND; SOIL-MOISTURE; PLANT-GROWTH; BIRCH LEAVES; WATER-USE; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; STABILITY; AVAILABILITY AB One of the most general types of stress experienced by plants is water-limitation, which becomes particularly pronounced during periods of drought. We evaluated fluctuating asymmetry (FA) in Quercus undulata leaves for two subsequent dry years: 2001, when precipitation was 25% below average, and 2002, when precipitation was 65% below average, from a plot receiving ambient water and one in which water was excluded. In the first and less severe drought year, ambient-water trees had a slightly higher index of FA than the water-exclusion trees, contrary to expectations. However, in the second and much more extreme drought year, water-exclusion trees exhibited greater FA as expected, but in additional observations water-supplement trees exhibited by far the greatest amount of FA, contrary to expected. Further data on plant water potential confirmed that degree of plant stress corresponded to plot treatments: water exclusion > ambient water > water supplement. Stable carbon isotope ratios indicated that trees on the water-supplement plots were less stressed than ambient-water and water-exclusion trees, and leaf size was much greater for water-supplement trees than ambient-water or water-exclusion trees. We hypothesize that the complexity of the results could be due to the confounding effects of relative vs. absolute stress. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Arizona, Sch Natl Resources, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Univ Arizona, Inst Study Planet Earth, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Fair, JM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mail Stop J495, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM jmfair@lanl.gov RI Breshears, David/B-9318-2009 OI Breshears, David/0000-0001-6601-0058 NR 46 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 13 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0140-1963 J9 J ARID ENVIRON JI J. Arid. Environ. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 62 IS 2 BP 235 EP 249 DI 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2004.11.010 PG 15 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 927UX UT WOS:000229227100004 ER PT J AU Weier, JF Weier, HUG Nureddin, A Pedersen, RA Racowsky, C AF Weier, JF Weier, HUG Nureddin, A Pedersen, RA Racowsky, C TI Aneuploidy involving chromosome 1 in failed-fertilized human oocytes is unrelated to maternal age SO JOURNAL OF ASSISTED REPRODUCTION AND GENETICS LA English DT Article DE chromosome 1 aneuploidy; failed-fertilized oocytes; fluorescence in situ hybridization; maternal age ID IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION; UNFERTILIZED HUMAN OOCYTES; FISH ANALYSIS; MEIOSIS-I; SPONTANEOUS-ABORTIONS; INSITU HYBRIDIZATION; PREGNANCY WASTAGE; TRISOMY FORMATION; GENETIC-ANALYSIS; HUMAN EMBRYOS AB Purpose: To study whether maternal meiotic errors in failed-fertilized oocytes involving chromosome 1 occur at frequencies similar to those involving other autosomes, and whether their frequency is affected by maternal age. aneusomy and chromatid pre-division involving chromosomes 1, 16, 18, and 21 were determined for 273 failed-fertilized oocytes. Results : The aneuploidy rate for chromosome 1 was 15.8%, and was neither age-dependent nor significantly different from that for chromosomes 16, 18 or 21. Only chromosome 16 exhibited an age-dependent increase in aneusomy rates. The frequency of chromatid pre-division was lower for chromosome 1 than for chromosome 18 (11.9% vs. 25.4%; p = 0.01), but not different from that for chromosomes 16 or 21. Conclusion: Aneuploidy involving chromosome 1 in failed-fertilized oocytes is unrelated to maternal age and occurs at a frequency similar to that for chromosomes 16, 18, and 21. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Med, Dept Obstet Gynecol & Reprod Sci, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. EO Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Obstet Gynecol & Reprod Biol, Boston, MA USA. RP Weier, JF (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Med, Dept Obstet Gynecol & Reprod Sci, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. EM jlfung@itsa.ucsf.edu NR 46 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1058-0468 J9 J ASSIST REPROD GEN JI J. Assist. Reprod. Genet. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 22 IS 7-8 BP 285 EP 293 DI 10.1007/s10815-005-5999-7 PG 9 WC Genetics & Heredity; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Genetics & Heredity; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA 969XO UT WOS:000232269400003 PM 16195825 ER PT J AU Kollias, P Clothiaux, EE Albrecht, BA Miller, MA Moran, KP Johnson, KL AF Kollias, P Clothiaux, EE Albrecht, BA Miller, MA Moran, KP Johnson, KL TI The atmospheric radiation measurement program cloud profiling radars: An evaluation of signal processing and sampling strategies SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MEAN-FREQUENCY ESTIMATORS; OBJECTIVE DETERMINATION; DOPPLER SPECTRA; STRATUS CLOUDS; LIQUID WATER; STRATOCUMULUS; MICROPHYSICS; SIMULATION; TURBULENCE; LEVEL AB The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Atmospheric Radiation Measurements (ARM) program operates millimeter-wavelength cloud radars (MMCRs) in several specific locations within different climatological regimes. These vertically pointing cloud profiling radars supply the three most important Doppler spectrum moment estimates, which are the radar reflectivity (or zero moment), the mean Doppler velocity (or first moment), and the Doppler spectrum width (or second moment), as a function of time and height. The ARM MMCR Doppler moment estimates form the basis of a number of algorithms for retrieving cloud microphysical and radiative properties. The retrieval algorithms are highly sensitive to the quality and accuracy of the MMCR Doppler moment estimates. The significance of these sensitivities should not be underestimated, because the inherent physical variability of clouds, instrument-induced noise, and sampling strategy limitations all potentially introduce errors into the Doppler moment estimates. In this article, the accuracies of the first three Doppler moment estimates from the ARM MMCRs are evaluated for a set of typical cloud conditions from the three DOE ARM program sites. Results of the analysis suggest that significant errors in the Doppler moment estimates are possible in the current configurations of the ARM MMCRs. In particular, weakly reflecting clouds with low signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs), as well as turbulent clouds with nonzero updraft and downdraft velocities that are coupled with high SNR, are shown to produce degraded Doppler moment estimates in the current ARM MMCR operational mode processing strategies. Analysis of the Doppler moment estimates and MMCR receiver noise characteristics suggests that the introduction of a set of quality control criteria is necessary for identifying periods of degraded receiver performance that leads to larger uncertainties in the Doppler moment estimates. Moreover, the temporal sampling of the ARM MMCRs was found to be insufficient for representing the actual dynamical states in many types of clouds, especially boundary layer clouds. New digital signal processors (DSPs) are currently being developed for the ARM MMCRs. The findings presented in this study will be used in the design of a new set of operational strategies for the ARM MMCRs once they have been upgraded with the new DSPs. C1 Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Div Meteorol & Phys Oceanog, Coral Gables, FL 33149 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Meteorol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Div Appl Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NOAA, Environm Technol Lab, Boulder, CO USA. RP Kollias, P (reprint author), Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Div Meteorol & Phys Oceanog, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Coral Gables, FL 33149 USA. EM pkollias@rsmas.miami.edu NR 28 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0739-0572 J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 22 IS 7 BP 930 EP 948 DI 10.1175/JTECH1749.1 PG 19 WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 960MA UT WOS:000231595500011 ER PT J AU Maggio, C Coleman, L Marshall, T Stolzenburg, M Stanley, M Hamlin, T Krehbiel, P Rison, W Thomas, R AF Maggio, C Coleman, L Marshall, T Stolzenburg, M Stanley, M Hamlin, T Krehbiel, P Rison, W Thomas, R TI Lightning-initiation locations as a remote sensing tool of large thunderstorm electric field vectors SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID VHF RADIO PICTURES; DISCHARGES; SYSTEM; INTRACLOUD; CORONA AB The lightning data that are recorded with a three-dimensional lightning mapping array (LMA) are compared with data from an electric field change sensor (in this case a flat-plate antenna operated both as a "slow" and a "fast" antenna). The goal of these comparisons is to quantify any time difference that may exist between the initial responses of the two instruments to a lightning flash. The data consist of 136 flashes from two New Mexico thunderstorms. It is found that the initial radiation source detected by the LMA usually precedes the initial response of both the slow and fast antennas. In a small number of cases, the flat-plate antenna response precedes the initial LMA source, but by no more than 2 ms. The observations of such a close time coincidence suggest that the first LMA radiation source of each flash was located at or very near the flash-initiation point. Thus, the first LMA radiation source and the initial sequence of sources from a lightning flash can be used as remote sensing tools to give information about the magnitude of the electric field (relative to lightning-initiation thresholds) and the direction of the electric field at the initiation location. C1 Univ Mississippi, Dept Phys & Astron, University, MS 38677 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Geophys Res Ctr, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. RP Univ Mississippi, Dept Phys & Astron, 108 Lewis Hall,POB 1848, University, MS 38677 USA. EM crmaggio@hotmail.com OI Stolzenburg, Maribeth/0000-0001-8773-8101 NR 30 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0739-0572 EI 1520-0426 J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 22 IS 7 BP 1059 EP 1068 DI 10.1175/JTECH1750.1 PG 10 WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 960MA UT WOS:000231595500020 ER PT J AU Gaspar, AH Marraffini, LA Glass, EM DeBord, KL Ton-That, H Schneewind, O AF Gaspar, AH Marraffini, LA Glass, EM DeBord, KL Ton-That, H Schneewind, O TI Bacillus anthracis Sortase A (SrtA) anchors LPXTG motif-containing surface proteins to the cell wall envelope SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS SORTASE; GRAM-POSITIVE BACTERIA; LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; STREPTOCOCCUS-PYOGENES; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; COLLAGEN ADHESIN; SEPTIC ARTHRITIS; TOXIN COMPONENTS; IN-VITRO AB Cell wall-anchored surface proteins of gram-positive pathogens play important roles during the establishment of many infectious diseases, but the contributions of surface proteins to the pathogenesis of anthrax have not yet been revealed. Cell wall anchoring in Staphylococcus aureus occurs by a transpeptidation mechanism requiring surface proteins with C-terminal sorting signals as well as sortase enzymes. The genome sequence of Bacillus anthracis encodes three sortase genes and eleven surface proteins with different types of cell wall sorting signals. Purified B. anthracis sortase A cleaved peptides encompassing LPXTG motif-type sorting signals between the threonine (T) and the glycine (G) residues in vitro. Sortase A activity could be inhibited by thiol-reactive reagents, similar to staphylococcal sortases. B. anthracis parent strain Sterne 34F(2), but not variants lacking the srt4 gene, anchored the collagen-binding MSCRAMM (microbial surface components recognizing adhesive matrix molecules) BasC (BA5258/BAS4884) to the bacterial cell wall. These results suggest that B. anthracis SrtA anchors surface proteins bearing LPXTG motif sorting signals to the cell wall envelope of vegetative bacilli. C1 Univ Chicago, Dept Microbiol, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Mol Genet & Cell Biol, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Schneewind, O (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Dept Microbiol, 920 E 58th St, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. EM oschnee@bsd.uchicago.edu OI Ton-That, Hung/0000-0003-1611-0469 FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI052474, 1-U54-AI-057153, U54 AI057153, AI52474, R01 AI038897, AI38897] NR 74 TC 54 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 187 IS 13 BP 4646 EP 4655 DI 10.1128/JB.187.13.4646-4655.2005 PG 10 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 939AS UT WOS:000230045100039 PM 15968076 ER PT J AU Kurella, A Dahotre, NB AF Kurella, A Dahotre, NB TI Review paper: Surface modification for bioimplants: The role of laser surface engineering SO JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Review DE biornaterials; interface; surface modification; bioimplants; osteointegration; lasers; coating; texturing ID CALCIUM-PHOSPHATE COATINGS; THIN-FILMS; HYDROXYAPATITE COATINGS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; CELL BEHAVIOR; IN-VITRO; BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS; PROCESSING PARAMETERS; TOPOGRAPHICAL CONTROL; STABILIZED ZIRCONIA AB Often hard implants undergo detachment from the host tissue due to inadequate biocompatibility and poor osteointegration. Changing surface chemistry and physical topography of the surface influences biocompatibility. At present, the understanding of biocompatibility of both virgin and modified surfaces of bioimplant materials is limited and a great deal of research is being dedicated to this aspect. In view of this, the current review casts new light on research related to the surface modification of biomaterials, especially materials for prosthetic applications. A brief overview of the major surface modification techniques has been presented, followed by an in-depth discussion on laser surface modifications that have been explored so far along with those that hold tremendous potential for bioimplant applications. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Mat Proc Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM ndahotre@utk.edu NR 105 TC 144 Z9 149 U1 11 U2 74 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0885-3282 EI 1530-8022 J9 J BIOMATER APPL JI J. Biomater. Appl. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 20 IS 1 BP 5 EP 50 DI 10.1177/0885328205052974 PG 46 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 939RI UT WOS:000230089700001 PM 15972362 ER PT J AU Nalla, RK Stolken, JS Kinney, JH Ritchie, RO AF Nalla, RK Stolken, JS Kinney, JH Ritchie, RO TI Fracture in human cortical bone: local fracture criteria and toughening mechanisms SO JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS LA English DT Article DE bone; fracture; toughening; microstructure ID FATIGUE-CRACK-PROPAGATION; TRABECULAR BONE; GROWTH RESISTANCE; BRITTLE MATERIALS; DIFFUSE DAMAGE; TOUGHNESS; MICROCRACKING; ORIENTATION; FAILURE; STRAIN AB Micromechanical models for fracture initiation that incorporate local failure criteria have been widely developed for metallic and ceramic materials; however, few such micromechanical models have been developed for the fracture of bone. In fact, although the fracture event in "hard" mineralized tissues such as bone is commonly believed to be locally strain-controlled, only recently has there been experimental evidence (using double-notched four-point bend testing) to support this widely held belief. In the present study, we seek to shed further light on the nature of the local cracking events that precede catastrophic fracture in human cortical bone, and to define their relationship to the microstructure. Specifically, numerical computations are reported that demonstrate that the stress and strain states ahead of such a notch are qualitatively similar irrespective of the deformation mechanism (pressure-insensitive plasticity vs. pressure-sensitive microcracking). Furthermore, we use the double-notched test to examine crack-microstructure interactions from a perspective of determining the salient toughening mechanisms in bone and to characterize how these may affect the anisotropy in fracture properties. Based on preliminary micromechanical models of these processes, the relative contributions of various toughening mechanisms are established. In particular, crack deflection and uncracked-ligament bridging are identified as the major mechanisms of toughening in cortical bone. (c) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Ritchie, RO (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM roritchie@lbl.gov RI Ritchie, Robert/A-8066-2008 OI Ritchie, Robert/0000-0002-0501-6998 FU NIDCR NIH HHS [5R01 DE015633] NR 50 TC 121 Z9 123 U1 3 U2 32 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0021-9290 J9 J BIOMECH JI J. Biomech. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 38 IS 7 BP 1517 EP 1525 DI 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2004.07.010 PG 9 WC Biophysics; Engineering, Biomedical SC Biophysics; Engineering GA 939WM UT WOS:000230103300016 PM 15922763 ER PT J AU Fitzgerald, JT Michalopoulou, A Pivetti, CD Raman, RN Troppmann, C Demos, SG AF Fitzgerald, JT Michalopoulou, A Pivetti, CD Raman, RN Troppmann, C Demos, SG TI Real-time assessment of in vivo renal ischemia using laser autofluorescence imaging SO JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS LA English DT Article DE ischemia; laser imaging; autofluorescence; kidney ID FLUORESCENCE; SPECTROSCOPY; VIABILITY; KIDNEYS AB Potentially transplantable kidneys experience warm ischemia, and this injury is difficult to quantify. We investigate optical spectroscopic methods for evaluating, in real time, warm ischemic kidney injury and reperfusion. Vascular pedicles of rat kidneys are clamped unilaterally for 18 or 85 min, followed by 18 or 35 min of reperfusion, respectively. Contralateral, uninjured kidneys serve as controls. Autofluorescence and cross-polarized light scattering images are acquired every 15 s using 335-nm laser excitation (autofluorescence) and 650 +/- 20-nm linearly polarized illumination (light scattering). We analyze changes of injured-to-normal kidney autofluorescence intensity ratios during ischemia and reperfusion phases. The effect of excitation with 260 nm is also explored. Average injured-to-normal intensity ratios under 335-nm excitation decrease from 1.0 to 0.78 at 18 min of ischemia, with a return to baseline during 18 min of reperfusion. However, during 85 min of warm ischemia, average intensity ratios level off at 0.65 after 50 min, with no significant change during 35 min of reperfusion. 260-nm excitation results in no autofluorescence changes with ischemia. Cross-polarized light scattering images at 650 nm suggest that changes in hemoglobin absorption are not related to observed temporal behavior of the autofluorescence signal. Real-time detection of kidney tissue changes associated with warm ischemia and reperfusion using laser spectroscopy is feasible. Normalizing autofluorescence changes under 335 nm using the autofluorescence measured under 260-nm excitation may eliminate the need for a control kidney. (C) 2005 Society of Photo-Optical instrumentation Engineers. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. Univ Calif Davis, Med Ctr, Dept Urol, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. RP Fitzgerald, JT (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Transplant Bldg Rm 2021,2315 Stockton Blvd, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. EM hellfitz@aol.com NR 15 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPIE-INT SOCIETY OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 1083-3668 J9 J BIOMED OPT JI J. Biomed. Opt. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 10 IS 4 AR 044018 DI 10.1117/1.1993327 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Optics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Optics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 977JJ UT WOS:000232799200027 PM 16178651 ER PT J AU Price, JR Aykac, D Gleason, SS Chourey, K Liu, Y AF Price, JR Aykac, D Gleason, SS Chourey, K Liu, Y TI Quantitative comparison of mitotic spindles by confocal image analysis SO JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS LA English DT Article DE image analysis; subcellular imaging; confocal microscopy; fluorescence microscopy; mitotic spindle; gene knockout ID CELL-DIVISION; MICROSCOPY; P53; APOPTOSIS; ROTATION; PROTEIN; MITOSIS AB The mitotic spindle is a subcellular protein structure that facilitates chromosome segregation and is crucial to cell division. We describe an image processing approach to quantitatively characterize and compare mitotic spindles that have been imaged three dimensionally using confocal microscopy with fixed-cell preparations. The proposed approach is based on a set of features that are computed from each image stack representing a spindle. We compare several spindle datasets of varying biological (genotype) and/or environmental (drug treatment) conditions. The goal of this effort is to aid biologists in detecting differences between spindles that may not be apparent under subjective visual inspection, and furthermore, to eventually automate such analysis in high-throughput scenarios (thousands of images) where manual inspection would be unreasonable. Experimental results on positive- and negative-control data indicate that the proposed approach is indeed effective. Differences are detected when it is known they do exist (positive control) and no differences are detected when there are none (negative control). In two other experimental comparisons, results indicate structural spindle differences that biologists had not observed previously. (C) 2005 Society of Photo-Optical instrumentation Engineers. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Image Sci & Machine Vis Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mammalian Genet Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Price, JR (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Image Sci & Machine Vis Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM pricejr@ornl.gov OI , /0000-0002-9216-3813 NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOCIETY OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 1083-3668 J9 J BIOMED OPT JI J. Biomed. Opt. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 10 IS 4 AR 044012 DI 10.1117/1.1955531 PG 12 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Optics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Optics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 977JJ UT WOS:000232799200022 PM 16178646 ER PT J AU Rhodes, MD Pokrovski, KA Bell, AT AF Rhodes, MD Pokrovski, KA Bell, AT TI The effects of zirconia morphology on methanol synthesis from CO and H-2 over Cu/ZrO2 catalysts Part II. Transient-response infrared studies SO JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS LA English DT Article DE methanol synthesis; infrared spectroscopy; Cu : ZrO2 : H-2 : CO ID SUPPORTED COPPER-CATALYSTS; AEROGEL CATALYSTS; CU-ZRO2 CATALYSTS; MONOCLINIC ZIRCONIA; CARBON-MONOXIDE; ADSORPTION; SURFACE; HYDROGENATION; CU/SIO2; DIOXIDE AB The interactions of CO, CO/H-2. H-2, D-2, and CH3OH with t-ZrO2. m-ZrO2. Cu/t-ZrO2, and Cu/m-ZrO2 were investigated by in situ infrared spectroscopy with the aim Of Understanding the nature of species involved in methanol synthesis and the dynamics of the formation and consumption of these species. With both phases of ZrO2, the primary surface species observed during CO hydrogenation were bidentate formate groups. b-HCOO-Zr, and methoxide groups, CH3O-Zr. Transient-response experiment,. indicated that the rate-limiting step for each catalyst is the reductive elimination of methoxide species. Relative to 1.2 wt%, Cu/t-ZrO2,. however. spillover of 11 atoms and the formation and reduction of formate and methoxide species proceeded more rapidly on the more active 1.2 wt% Cu/m-ZrO2. Steady-state intensities of surface species were also larger on 1.2 wt% Cu/m-ZrO2,. These differences are attributed to the higher reactivity of the hydroxyl groups on the Surface of m-ZrO2. Increasing the Cu surface area on m-ZrO2 increases the rate of reductive elimination of methoxide species up to a maximum value, determined by the eventual saturation Of the ZrO2, surface with 11 atoms. via spillover from Cu. The product of the apparent rate coefficient for reductive elimination of methoxide species and the surface concentration of these species increases linearly with increasing Cu surface area. which is consistent with the proportionality seen in the rate of methanol synthesis at steady state. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Bell, AT (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM bell@cchem.berkeley.edu NR 38 TC 50 Z9 55 U1 2 U2 43 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9517 J9 J CATAL JI J. Catal. PD JUL 1 PY 2005 VL 233 IS 1 BP 210 EP 220 DI 10.1016/j.jcat.2005.04.027 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 940CU UT WOS:000230122100021 ER PT J AU Clegg, SL Rard, JA Miller, DG AF Clegg, SL Rard, JA Miller, DG TI Isopiestic determination of the osmotic and activity coefficients of NaCl+SrCl2+H2O at 298.15 K and representation with an extended ion-interaction model SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING DATA LA English DT Article ID MUTUAL DIFFUSION-COEFFICIENTS; THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES; ELEVATED-TEMPERATURES; STRONTIUM CHLORIDE; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; SODIUM-CHLORIDE; T=298.15 K; 25-DEGREES-C; MIXTURES; SRCL2 AB Isopiestic vapor-pressure measurements were made at 298.15 K for aqueous NaCl + SrCl2 solutions using NaCl(aq) as the reference standard. The measurements for these ternary solutions were made at NaCl ionic strength fractions of y(1) = 0.17066, 0.47366, and 0.82682 for the water activity range of 0.9835 >= aw >= 0.8710. Our results, and those from two previous isopiestic studies, were combined and used with previously determined parameters for NaCI(aq) and those determined here for SrCl2(aq) to evaluate mixing parameters (S)theta(Na,Sr) = (0.0562 +/- 0.0007) kg-mol(-1) and psi(Na,Sr,) = -(0.00705 +/- 0.00017) kg(2)center dot mol(-2) for an extended form of Pitzer's ion-interaction model. These model parameters are valid for ionic strengths of I <= 7.0 mol center dot kg(-1), where higher-order electrostatic effects have been included in the mixture model. If the fitting range is extended to the saturated solution molalities, then S theta(Na),Sr = (0.07885 +/- 0.00195) kg-mol(-1), and psi(Na,Sr,Cl) = -(0.01230 +/- 0.00033) kg(2)center dot mol(-2). The extended ion-interaction model parameters obtained from available isopiestic data for SrCl2(aq) at 298.15 K yield recommended values of the water activities and osmotic and activity coefficients. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Energy & Environm Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ E Anglia, Sch Environm Sci, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk, England. RP Rard, JA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Energy & Environm Directorate, POB 5508, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM s.clegg@uea.ac.uk; rard1@llnl.gov; dmiller@llnl.gov NR 25 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-9568 J9 J CHEM ENG DATA JI J. Chem. Eng. Data PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 50 IS 4 BP 1162 EP 1170 DI 10.1021/je0495987 PG 9 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Engineering GA 946LJ UT WOS:000230573400011 ER PT J AU Kalemos, A Dunning, TH Mavridis, A AF Kalemos, A Dunning, TH Mavridis, A TI The electronic structure of vanadium carbide, VC SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID LOW-LYING STATES; TITANIUM CARBIDE; IRON CARBIDE; BASIS-SETS; MOLECULES; CATIONS; SCANDIUM; ATOMS; SCC+; CRC+ AB Within an energy range of 2.4 eV, we have explored 29 of the 36 states of the diatomic molecule VC that arise from the atoms in their ground state, V(4s(2)3d(3); F-4)+ C(2s(2)2p(2); P-3). We use multireference methods with large atomic natural orbital basis sets. The ground state is of (2)Delta symmetry with the first two excited states, (4)Delta and (2)Sigma(+), located 4.2 and 7.0 kcal/mol above the X state. All the states examined in this work are relatively strongly bound and show significant charge transfer from V to C. The binding energy of the X (2)Delta state is estimated to be 95.3 kcal/ mol in good agreement with the experimental value. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Tennessee, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Joint Inst Computat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Tennessee, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Natl & Kapodistrian Univ Athens, Dept Chem, Phys Chem Lab, Athens 15710, Greece. RP Kalemos, A (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Joint Inst Computat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. OI Kalemos, Apostolos/0000-0002-1022-0029 NR 23 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUL 1 PY 2005 VL 123 IS 1 AR 014301 DI 10.1063/1.1926228 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 945HM UT WOS:000230493600004 PM 16035829 ER PT J AU Kalemos, A Dunning, TH Mavridis, A AF Kalemos, A Dunning, TH Mavridis, A TI First principles investigation of chromium carbide, CrC SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID LOW-LYING STATES; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; TITANIUM CARBIDE; IRON CARBIDE; BASIS-SETS; CATIONS; SCANDIUM; ATOMS; SCC+; FEC AB We have investigated the electronic structure of 14 states of the experimentally unknown diatomic molecule chromium carbide, CrC, using standard multireference configuration interaction methods and high quality basis sets. We report potential curves, binding energies, and a number of spectroscopic parameters. The ground state of CrC, X (3)Sigma(-), displays triple-bond character with a binding energy of D-e=89 kcal/mol and an internuclear separation of r(e)= 1.63 angstrom. The first excited state (1 (5)Sigma(-)) lies 9.2 kcal/ mol higher. All the states studied are fairly ionic, featuring an electron transfer of 0.3-0.5e(-) from the metal atom to the carbon atom. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Tennessee, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Joint Inst Computat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Tennessee, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Natl & Kapodistrian Univ, Dept Chem, Chem Phys Lab, Athens 15710, Greece. RP Kalemos, A (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Joint Inst Computat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. OI Kalemos, Apostolos/0000-0002-1022-0029 NR 17 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUL 1 PY 2005 VL 123 IS 1 AR 014302 DI 10.1063/1.1926247 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 945HM UT WOS:000230493600005 PM 16035830 ER PT J AU Kowalski, K AF Kowalski, K TI Implementation of the locally renormalized CCSD(T) approaches for arbitrary reference function SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID COUPLED-CLUSTER METHODS; MOLECULAR ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; SINGLE-REFERENCE FORMALISM; BODY PERTURBATION THEORIES; POTENTIAL-ENERGY SURFACES; OPEN-SHELL SYSTEMS; VIBRATIONAL FREQUENCIES; CONFIGURATION-INTERACTION; DOUBLES METHOD; BASIS SETS AB Several new variants of the locally-renormalized coupled-cluster (CC) approaches that account for the effect of triples (LR-CCSD(T)) have been formulated and implemented for arbitrary reference states using the TENSOR CONTRACTION ENGINE functionality, enabling the automatic generation of an efficient parallel code. Deeply rooted in the recently derived numerator-denominator-connected (NDC) expansion for the ground-state energy [K. Kowalski and P. Piecuch, J. Chem. Phys. 122, 074107 (2005)], LR-CCSD (T) approximations use, in analogy to the completely renormalized CCSD(T) (CR-CCSD(T)) approach, the three-body moments in constructing the noniterative corrections to the energies obtained in CC calculations with singles and doubles (CCSD). In contrast to the CR-CCSD(T) method, the LR-CCSD(T) approaches discussed in this paper employ local denominators, which assure the additive separability of the energies in the noninteracting system limit when the localized occupied spin-orbitals are employed in the CCSD and LR-CCSD(T) calculations. As clearly demonstrated on several challenging examples, including breaking the bonds of the F-2, N-2, and CN molecules, the LR-CCSD(T) approaches are capable of providing a highly accurate description of the entire potential-energy surface (PES), while maintaining the characteristic N-7 scaling of the ubiquitous CCSD(T) approach. Moreover, as illustrated numerically for the ozone molecule, the (LR-CCSD(T)) approaches yield highly competitive values for a number of equilibrium properties including bond lengths, angles, and harmonic frequencies. c 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, William R Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Kowalski, K (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, William R Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM karol.kowalski@pnl.gov NR 53 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUL 1 PY 2005 VL 123 IS 1 AR 014102 DI 10.1063/1.1944723 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 945HM UT WOS:000230493600003 PM 16035828 ER PT J AU Prendergast, D Grossman, JC Galli, G AF Prendergast, D Grossman, JC Galli, G TI The electronic structure of liquid water within density-functional theory SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID GENERALIZED GRADIENT APPROXIMATION; PERIODIC BOUNDARY-CONDITIONS; 1ST PRINCIPLES SIMULATIONS; RAY-ABSORPTION SPECTRA; AB-INITIO CALCULATIONS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; SUPERCRITICAL CONDITIONS; CHARGE-TRANSFER; HYDROGEN AB In the last decade, computational studies of liquid water have mostly concentrated on ground-state properties. However, recent spectroscopic measurements have been used to infer the structure of water, and the interpretation of optical and x-ray spectra requires accurate theoretical models of excited electronic states, not only of the ground state. To this end, we investigate the electronic properties of water at ambient conditions using ab initio density-functional theory within the generalized gradient approximation (DFT/GGA), focusing on the unoccupied subspace of Kohn-Sham eigenstates. We generate long (250 ps) classical trajectories for large supercells, up to 256 molecules, from which uncorrelated configurations of water molecules are extracted for use in DFT/GGA calculations of the electronic structure. We find that the density of occupied states of this molecular liquid is well described with 32-molecule supercells using a single k point (k=0) to approximate integration over the first Brillouin zone. However, the description of the unoccupied electronic density of states (u-EDOS) is sensitive to finite size effects. Small, 32-molecule supercell calculations, using the Gamma-point approximation, yield a spuriously isolated state above the Fermi level. Nevertheless, the more accurate u-EDOS of large, 256-molecule supercells may be reproduced using smaller supercells and increased k-point sampling. This indicates that the electronic structure of molecular liquids such as water is relatively insensitive to the long-range disorder in the molecular structure. These results have important implications for efficiently increasing the accuracy of spectral calculations for water and other molecular liquids. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, L-415,POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM prendergast2@llnl.gov RI Prendergast, David/E-4437-2010 NR 56 TC 61 Z9 61 U1 2 U2 20 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 EI 1089-7690 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUL 1 PY 2005 VL 123 IS 1 AR 014501 DI 10.1063/1.1940612 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 945HM UT WOS:000230493600024 PM 16035849 ER PT J AU Prodan, ID Scuseria, GE Sordo, JA Kudin, KN Martin, RL AF Prodan, ID Scuseria, GE Sordo, JA Kudin, KN Martin, RL TI Lattice defects and magnetic ordering in plutonium oxides: A hybrid density-functional-theory study of strongly correlated materials SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DELTA-PLUTONIUM; EXCHANGE; DIOXIDE; APPROXIMATIONS; ENERGY; PUO2 AB Experimental studies of actinide oxides are challenging, and conventional electronic structure calculations fail to qualitatively reproduce the scarce data. We employ a new generation of hybrid density functionals to model a defective plutonium dioxide lattice. The procedure is first tested against stoichiometric bulk PuO2 and Pu2O3, for which predictions agree well with experiment where known. The interstitial oxygen in PuO2.25 is found to be singly charged, consistent with experimental observations and contrary to the O2- previously proposed theoretically. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Rice Univ, Dept Chem, Houston, TX 77251 USA. Univ Oviedo, Dept Quim Fis & Analit, Oviedo 33007, Spain. Princeton Univ, Dept Chem, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Prodan, ID (reprint author), Rice Univ, Dept Chem, Houston, TX 77251 USA. EM guscus@rice.edu; rlmartin@lanl.gov RI Kudin, Konstantin/A-7723-2008; Scuseria, Gustavo/F-6508-2011 NR 39 TC 77 Z9 77 U1 1 U2 21 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUL 1 PY 2005 VL 123 IS 1 AR 014703 DI 10.1063/1.1953427 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 945HM UT WOS:000230493600034 PM 16035859 ER PT J AU Rathbone, GJ Poliakoff, ED Bozek, JD Toffoli, D Lucchese, RR AF Rathbone, GJ Poliakoff, ED Bozek, JD Toffoli, D Lucchese, RR TI Photoelectron trapping in N(2)O 7 sigma -> k sigma resonant ionization SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID VIBRATIONAL BRANCHING RATIOS; RESOLVED PHOTOELECTRON; MOLECULAR PHOTOIONIZATION; CROSS-SECTIONS; PHOTON ENERGY; BASIS-SETS; SPECTROSCOPY; SCATTERING; AUTOIONIZATION; SPECTRUM AB Vibrationally resolved photoelectron spectroscopy of the N(2)O(+)(A (2)Sigma(+)) state is used to compare the dependence of the photoelectron dynamics on molecular geometry for two shape resonances in the same ionization channel. Spectra are acquired over the photon energy range of 18 <= h nu <= 55 eV. There are three single-channel resonances in this range, two in the 7 sigma -> k sigma channel and one in the 7 sigma -> k pi channel. Vibrational branching ratio curves are determined by measuring vibrationally resolved photoelectron spectra as a function of photon energy, and theoretical branching ratio curves are generated via Schwinger variational scattering calculations. In the region 30 <= h nu <= 40 eV, there are two shape resonances (k sigma and k pi). The k sigma ionization resonance is clearly visible in vibrationally resolved measurements at h nu=35 eV, even though the total cross section in this channel is dwarfed by the cross section in the degenerate, more slowly varying 7 sigma -> k pi channel. This k sigma resonance is manifested in non-Franck-Condon behavior in the approximately antisymmetric nu(3) stretching mode, but it is not visible in the branching ratio curve for the approximately symmetric nu(1) stretch. The behavior of the 35-eV k sigma resonance is compared to a previously studied N(2)O 7 sigma -> k sigma shape resonance at lower energy. The mode sensitivity of the 35-eV k sigma resonance is the opposite of what was observed for the lower-energy resonance. The contrasting mode-specific behavior observed for the high- and low-energy 7 sigma -> k sigma resonances can be explained on the basis of the "approximate" symmetry of the quasibound photoelectron resonant wave function, and the contrasting behavior reflects differences in the continuum electron trapping. An examination of the geometry dependence of the photoelectron dipole matrix elements shows that the k sigma resonances have qualitatively different dependences on the individual bond lengths. The low-energy resonance is influenced only by changes in the end-to-end length of the molecule, whereas the higher-energy resonance depends on the individual N-N and N-O bond lengths. Branching ratios are determined for several vibrational levels, including the symmetry-forbidden bending mode, and all of the observed behavior is explained in the context of an independent particle, Born-Oppenheimer framework. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Louisiana State Univ, Dept Chem, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Dept Chem, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Poliakoff, ED (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Dept Chem, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM epoliak@lsu.edu RI Bozek, John/E-4689-2010; Bozek, John/E-9260-2010; Toffoli, Daniele/G-4897-2011 OI Bozek, John/0000-0001-7486-7238; Toffoli, Daniele/0000-0002-8225-6119 NR 38 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUL 1 PY 2005 VL 123 IS 1 AR 014307 DI 10.1063/1.1946738 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 945HM UT WOS:000230493600010 PM 16035835 ER PT J AU Peralta, JE Batista, ER Scuseria, GE Martin, RL AF Peralta, JE Batista, ER Scuseria, GE Martin, RL TI All-electron hybrid density functional calculations on UFn and UCln (n=1-6) SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL THEORY AND COMPUTATION LA English DT Article ID DOUGLAS-KROLL TRANSFORMATION; STANDARD ENTHALPIES; VALENCE-ELECTRON; AB-INITIO; THERMOCHEMISTRY; URANIUM; MOLECULES; SPECTRA; HEXAFLUORIDES; COMPLEXES AB We calculate the bond dissociation energies of the series UFn and UCln (n = 1-6) using the all-electron third-order Douglas-Kroll-Hess approximation in combination with hybrid density functionals. The spin-orbit (SO) operator is included self -consistently using the nuclear-only SO and the screened-nuclear SO approximations. Results are in very good agreement with experimental values, with the exception of the smallest molecules of each series, UF and UCI. By shifting the one-electron orbital energies of UF6 and UCl6 to match the HOMO level with the ASCF calculated value of the first ionization energy, we are able to reproduce the main features of the photoelectron spectrum of these two molecules. C1 Rice Univ, Dept Chem, Houston, TX 77005 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Scuseria, GE (reprint author), Rice Univ, Dept Chem, Houston, TX 77005 USA. EM guscus@rice.edu RI Peralta, Juan/C-2631-2008; Peralta, Juan/C-3978-2008; Scuseria, Gustavo/F-6508-2011 OI Peralta, Juan/0000-0003-2849-8472; Peralta, Juan/0000-0003-2849-8472; NR 33 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1549-9618 J9 J CHEM THEORY COMPUT JI J. Chem. Theory Comput. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 1 IS 4 BP 612 EP 616 DI 10.1021/ct050047g PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 961TV UT WOS:000231685600012 PM 26641682 ER PT J AU Mather, JH AF Mather, JH TI Seasonal variability in clouds and radiation at the Manus ARM site SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE LA English DT Article ID MADDEN-JULIAN OSCILLATION; TROPICAL WESTERN PACIFIC; LIFE-CYCLE; TOGA COARE; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; ATMOSPHERIC RADIATION; MARITIME CONTINENT; DIURNAL CYCLE; PART I; CLIMATE AB The Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) program operates three climate observation stations in the tropical western Pacific region. One of these sites, located on Manus Island in Papua New Guinea, has been operating since 1996. The Manus ARM site includes an extensive array of instruments chosen to observe cloud properties, water vapor and temperature profiles, and the surface radiation budget. This dataset provides an opportunity to examine variability in tropical cloudiness on a wide range of time scales. The focus of this study is on the annual cycle. Analysis of cloud distribution and radiation data from Manus reveals a clear annual cycle in clouds associated with convective activity. The most convectively active period is found to be the Northern Hemisphere summer, while the least active period is the Northern Hemisphere autumn. Outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) data are also examined in order to relate observations at Manus with the surrounding region. Significant differences are found between the annual cycle at Manus and adjacent large islands within the Maritime Continent. Analysis of the combined ARM-OLR data suggests that during the Northern Hemisphere winter, a significant amount of the high clouds observed over Manus are associated with continental convection over the large Maritime Continent islands. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. RP Mather, JH (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999,MS K9-24, Richland, WA 99354 USA. EM jim.mather@pnl.gov NR 34 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0894-8755 J9 J CLIMATE JI J. Clim. PD JUL 1 PY 2005 VL 18 IS 13 BP 2417 EP 2428 DI 10.1175/JCLI3401.1 PG 12 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 950XN UT WOS:000230892100017 ER PT J AU Bell, NS Schendel, ME Piech, M AF Bell, NS Schendel, ME Piech, M TI Rheological properties of nanopowder alumina coated with adsorbed fatty acids SO JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE nanoparticle dispersion; oscillatory rheology; alumina; steric separation ID STABILIZED SILICA DISPERSIONS; CLUSTER-CLUSTER AGGREGATION; VISCOELASTIC PROPERTIES; HYDROPHOBIC SURFACES; PHASE-SEPARATION; COUNTERION SIZE; COLLOIDAL GELS; SUSPENSIONS; ATTRACTIONS; MODEL AB The rheological properties of a nanosized alumina powder coated with fatty acid steric stabilizers of varying chain length were investigated. The storage and loss moduli of the complex modulus were measured to characterize the behavior of the flocculated systems. As chain length increased, there was a transition from an elastic response to fluid behavior. However, the fluid system developed elastic characteristics at relatively low volume fractions of 22%. The length of the steric barrier required to produce the fluid dispersion was estimated to be similar to 2 nm and correlates with attractive interactions on the order of the system thermal energy. Moreover, in the flocculated systems, the storage modulus was found to be higher than reported previously in the literature. These higher values were related to the additional attractive forces due to van der Waals attractions between the hydrocarbon tails of the adsorbed fatty acid layers. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Bell, NS (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM nsbell@sandia.gov NR 39 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 12 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9797 J9 J COLLOID INTERF SCI JI J. Colloid Interface Sci. PD JUL 1 PY 2005 VL 287 IS 1 BP 94 EP 106 DI 10.1016/j.jcis.2005.01.113 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 943AP UT WOS:000230324300012 PM 15914153 ER PT J AU Zhu, HG Pan, ZW Hagaman, EW Liang, CD Overbury, SH Dai, S AF Zhu, HG Pan, ZW Hagaman, EW Liang, CD Overbury, SH Dai, S TI Facile one-pot synthesis of gold nanoparticles stabilized with bifunctional amino/siloxy ligands SO JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE synthesis; gold; nanoparticles; silica; core-shell ID AQUEOUS CHLOROAURATE IONS; CATALYTIC-ACTIVITY; MESOPOROUS SILICA; CONTROLLED GROWTH; SIZE; NANOCRYSTALS; MOLECULES; COLLOIDS; DNA; NANODISPERSIONS AB A method for the direct one-pot synthesis of amine-stabilized gold nanoparticles using 3-(trimethoxysilylpropyl)diethylenetriamine (TMSP dien) is described. The amine groups of this bifunctional molecule act as a stabilizer for gold nanoparticles as they form by reduction of HAuCl4. Highly stable gold nanoparticles with sizes tunable between 8 and 20 nm can be readily obtained. This method is quite simple to implement and environmentally benign as there is no need to add an external reducing reagent. The incorporated siloxy functionality was subsequently used to form a silica shell around the gold particle. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Dai, S (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM dais@ornl.gov RI Liang, Chengdu/G-5685-2013; Overbury, Steven/C-5108-2016; Dai, Sheng/K-8411-2015; OI Overbury, Steven/0000-0002-5137-3961; Dai, Sheng/0000-0002-8046-3931; Pan, Zhengwei/0000-0002-3854-958X NR 43 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 8 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9797 J9 J COLLOID INTERF SCI JI J. Colloid Interface Sci. PD JUL 1 PY 2005 VL 287 IS 1 BP 360 EP 365 DI 10.1016/j.jcis.2005.01.106 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 943AP UT WOS:000230324300044 PM 15914185 ER PT J AU Baker, GA AF Baker, GA TI Counter-examples to the Baker-Garnmel-Wills conjecture and patchwork convergence SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Orthogonal Functions and Related Topics held in Honor of Olav Njastad CY AUG 12-16, 2003 CL Roros, NORWAY DE Pade approximants; Baker-Gammel-Wills conjecture; spurious poles ID PADE APPROXIMANTS; RESOLVENT SET; FRACTIONS AB I review some of the by now classic conjectures concerning the pointwise convergence of the diagonal Pade approximants and the very recent counter-examples to all of them. As the counter-examples all correspond to bounded associated continued fractions (Wall's family of complex, bounded J-matrices), I review and extend some of the known convergence results. I propose a new conjecture which I call the patchwork conjecture, which restores uniform convergence by means of the use of a finite number of infinite sequences of diagonal Pade approximants instead of just one as in the classic conjectures. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Grp T11, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Baker, GA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Grp T11, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM gbj@viking.lanl.gov NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0377-0427 J9 J COMPUT APPL MATH JI J. Comput. Appl. Math. PD JUL 1 PY 2005 VL 179 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 14 DI 10.1016/j.cam.2004.09.031 PG 14 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA 926QH UT WOS:000229137200003 ER PT J AU Guo, DX Drake, JB AF Guo, DX Drake, JB TI A global semi-Lagrangian spectral model of the shallow water equations with variable resolution SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE semi-Lagrangian; spectral; conformal transformation; variable resolution; shallow water equations ID INTEGRATION SCHEME; FORECAST MODEL; SPHERE AB A new formulation of a semi-implicit, semi-Lagrangian spectral method is given together with a conformal mapping of the underlying Gaussian grid. The mapping based on the Schmidt transformation focuses grid resolution on a particular region. The advective form of the vorticity-divergence equations allows the conformal map to be incorporated in a semi-Lagrangian transport step while maintaining an efficient spectral transform algorithm. The shallow water equations on the sphere are solved to test the variable resolution spectral model. By focusing on a specified location, local details of the flow are more accurately resolved. Accuracy and stability of the method are compared with uniform spectral solutions. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Univ N Carolina, Dept Math & Stat, Wilmington, NC 28403 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Comp Sci & Math, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Guo, DX (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Math & Stat, 601 S Coll Rd, Wilmington, NC 28403 USA. EM guod@uncw.edu NR 21 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9991 J9 J COMPUT PHYS JI J. Comput. Phys. PD JUL 1 PY 2005 VL 206 IS 2 BP 559 EP 577 DI 10.1016/j.jcp.2004.12.020 PG 19 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 929ZD UT WOS:000229384400008 ER PT J AU Yan, B Qu, YX Mao, FL Olman, VN Xu, Y AF Yan, B Qu, YX Mao, FL Olman, VN Xu, Y TI PRIME: A mass spectrum data mining tool for de novo sequencing and PTMs identification SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd Tsinghua International Bioinformatics Workshop CY JUN, 2004 CL Tsinghua, PEOPLES R CHINA DE de novo sequencing; graph algorithm; protein post-translational modifications; proteomics; tandem mass spectrometry ID POSTTRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATIONS; SPECTROMETRY; PHOSPHOPROTEOME; PROTEOMICS; ALGORITHM; PEPTIDES; SOFTWARE AB De novo sequencing is one of the most promising proteomics techniques for identification of protein post-translation modifications (PTMs) in studying protein regulations and functions. We have developed a computer tool PRIME for identification of b and y ions in tandem mass spectra, a key challenging problem in de novo sequencing. PRIME utilizes a feature that ions of the same and different types follow different mass-difference distributions to separate b from y ions correctly. We have formulated the problem as a graph partition problem. A linear integer-programming algorithm has been implemented to solve the graph partition problem rigorously and efficiently. The performance of PRIME has been demonstrated on a large amount of simulated tandem mass spectra derived from Yeast genome and its power of detecting PTMs has been tested on 216 simulated phosphopeptides. C1 Univ Georgia, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Computat Syst Biol Lab, Athens, GA 30602 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Biol Inst, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Xu, Y (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Computat Syst Biol Lab, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM xyn@bmb.uga.edu NR 20 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU SCIENCE PRESS PI BEIJING PA 16 DONGHUANGCHENGGEN NORTH ST, BEIJING 100717, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1000-9000 J9 J COMPUT SCI TECHNOL JI J. Comput. Sci. Technol. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 20 IS 4 BP 483 EP 490 DI 10.1007/s11390-005-0483-5 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA 948JP UT WOS:000230712400007 ER PT J AU Altman, SJ Peplinski, WJ Rivers, ML AF Altman, SJ Peplinski, WJ Rivers, ML TI Evaluation of synchrotron X-ray computerized microtomography for the visualization of transport processes in low-porosity materials SO JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE computerized microtomography; X-ray attenuation; crystalline rock; pore space; contaminant transport; synchrotron radiation; visualization ID FRACTURED CRYSTALLINE ROCKS; POROUS-MEDIA; MATRIX DIFFUSION; TRACER TEST; FLOW; COEFFICIENTS; ADSORPTION; SIMULATION; MICROSCOPY; SANDSTONE AB Synchrotron-source X-ray computerized microtomography (CMT) is evaluated as a method to visualize transport processes. We conclude that CMT is adequate for visualization of transport experiments if the right conditions exist. Namely, 1) not much more than one-order-of-magnitude range in concentration data is needed for the study, 2) the pore space in the samples are greater than approximately 2-50 mu m, depending on the sample size and system setup; 3) the sample is fine-grained enough so that a representative elemental volume (REV) can be contained by a 2-10 mm diameter sample, and 4) the transport process is slow enough that significant changes do not occur within the 25-50 min (and possibly less in the future) needed to collect data for one three-dimensional image. Absorption edge difference imaging (AEDI) in association with CMT is introduced as a method to enhance pore-space visualization. We successfully imaged the pore space in a low-porosity granodiodte, diorite and fine-grained granite cores and a higher-porosity soil aggregate sample. We found that the pore space important to transport in the core samples was smaller than what we were able to visualize with CMT. We also made rudimentary associations of minerals with pore-space location. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Geohydrol Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Univ Chicago, CARS, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Altman, SJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Geohydrol Dept, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM sjaltma@sandia.gov; wjpepli@sandia.gov; RIVERS@cars3.uchicago.edu NR 39 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-7722 J9 J CONTAM HYDROL JI J. Contam. Hydrol. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 78 IS 3 BP 167 EP 183 DI 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2005.05.004 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources GA 953UA UT WOS:000231104800002 PM 16019110 ER PT J AU Hu, QH Zhao, PH Moran, JE Seaman, JC AF Hu, QH Zhao, PH Moran, JE Seaman, JC TI Sorption and transport of iodine species in sediments from the Savannah River and Hanford Sites SO JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE iodine; sorption; transport; sediment ID CHEMICAL FORMS; SOIL; TRACER; I-129; IODATE; MINERALS; TRANSFORMATION; I-129/I-127; ENVIRONMENT; SPECIATION AB Iodine is an important element in studies of environmental protection and human health, global-scale hydrologic processes and nuclear nonproliferation. Biogeochemical cycling of iodine is complex, because iodine occurs in multiple oxidation states and as inorganic and organic species that may be hydrophilic, atmophilic, and biophilic. In this study, we applied new analytical techniques to study the sorption and transport behavior of iodine species (iodide, iodate, and 4-iodoaniline) in sediments collected at the Savannah River and Hanford Sites, where anthropogenic 1 29, from prior nuclear fuel processing activities poses an environmental risk. We conducted integrated column and batch experiments to investigate the interconversion, sorption and transport of iodine species, and the sediments we examined exhibit a wide range in organic matter, clay mineralogy, soil pH, and texture. The results of our experiments illustrate complex behavior with various processes occurring, including iodate reduction, irreversible retention or mass loss of iodide, and rate-limited and nonlinear sorption. There was an appreciable iodate reduction to iodide, presumably mediated by the structural Fe(II) in some clay minerals; therefore, careful attention must be given to potential interconversion among species when interpreting the biogeochemical behavior of iodine in the environment. The different iodine species exhibited dramatically different sorption and transport behavior in three sediment samples, possessing different physico-chemical properties, collected from different depths at the Savannah River Site. Our study yielded additional insight into processes and mechanisms affecting the geochemical cycling of iodine in the environment, and provided quantitative estimates of key parameters (e.g., extent and rate of sorption) for risk assessment at these sites. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem Biol & Nucl Sci Div, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Adv Analyt Ctr Environm Sci, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. RP Hu, QH (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem Biol & Nucl Sci Div, 7000 E Ave,MS L-231, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM hu7@llnl.gov RI Hu, Qinhong/C-3096-2009 OI Hu, Qinhong/0000-0002-4782-319X NR 55 TC 82 Z9 85 U1 2 U2 40 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-7722 J9 J CONTAM HYDROL JI J. Contam. Hydrol. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 78 IS 3 BP 185 EP 205 DI 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2005.05.007 PG 21 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources GA 953UA UT WOS:000231104800003 PM 16019109 ER PT J AU Vasilic, R Vasiljevic, N Dimitrov, N AF Vasilic, R Vasiljevic, N Dimitrov, N TI Open circuit stability of underpotentially deposited Pb monolayer on Cu(111) SO JOURNAL OF ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE underpotential deposition; lead; copper; electrocatalysis; adsorption isotherm; redox exchange ID IN-SITU STM; SINGLE-CRYSTAL; OXYGEN REDUCTION; ELECTROCHEMICAL DETECTION; ELECTRODE SURFACES; RU NANOPARTICLES; LEAD; ADSORPTION; ADLAYERS; AU(111) AB The stability of underpotentially deposited (UPD) Pb layer on Cu(1 1 1) is investigated by conventional electrochemical techniques in perchlorate solution at open circuit potential (OCP). In situ scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) is employed to monitor and ascertain structural and morphological changes at characteristic potentials. A corrosion-like mechanism associated with UPD layer stripping powered by reduction processes is found to operate in the system of interest in absence of potential control. OCP transients suggest strong dependence of the Pb layer stability upon the concentration of oxidizing agents, such as oxygen and/or nitrate ions, present in the solution. It is found that the increase of the oxidizing agent concentration results in a proportional decrease of the Pb UPD layer stripping time at OCP. The concentration of the dissolved oxygen is found to affect the UPD layer behavior in the entire range of underpotentials in accordance with the strong affinity of the Pb2+/Cu(1 1 1) system to the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). In contrast to oxygen, nitrate ions appear to play active role only in the potential range positive to the UPD peaks where mostly bare Cu surface is in contact with the solution. Specifically adsorbing Cl- ions are examined as a possible inhibitor of the reduction processes operating in the Pb underpotential range. Concentrations of Cl- ions as low as 1 X 10(-4) M are found to stabilize the Pb UPD layer by a factor of 2.5. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 SUNY Binghamton, Mat Sci & Engn Program, Binghamton, NY 13902 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. SUNY Binghamton, Dept Chem, Binghamton, NY 13902 USA. RP Dimitrov, N (reprint author), SUNY Binghamton, Mat Sci & Engn Program, POB 6000, Binghamton, NY 13902 USA. EM dimitrov@binghamton.edu OI Vasiljevic, Natasa/0000-0002-7515-9708 NR 43 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0022-0728 J9 J ELECTROANAL CHEM JI J. Electroanal. Chem. PD JUL 1 PY 2005 VL 580 IS 2 BP 203 EP 212 DI 10.1016/j.jelechem.2005.03.028 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry GA 938HQ UT WOS:000229990900003 ER PT J AU Kabasawa, E Nakamura, J Morimoto, T Yamada, N Kuroki, K Yamazaki, H Okada, K Oka, K Tezuka, Y Denlinger, JD Perera, RCC AF Kabasawa, E Nakamura, J Morimoto, T Yamada, N Kuroki, K Yamazaki, H Okada, K Oka, K Tezuka, Y Denlinger, JD Perera, RCC TI X-ray spectroscopy study on the electronic structure of hole-doped edge-shared chains in Ca2+xY2-xCu5O10 SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY AND RELATED PHENOMENA LA English DT Article DE XAS; XES; edge-shared chain; one-dimensional cuprate; localized hole ID SPECTRAL WEIGHT; CUO2 CHAINS; SYSTEM; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; ABSORPTION; EMISSION; NACUO2 AB X-ray absorption (XAS) and emission (YES) spectroscopy near O K edge has been performed on edge-shared CuO chain compounds Ca2+xY2-xCu5O10 (0.0 <= x <= 2.0) using poly- and single-crystalline samples. Two large peaks are observed at 528 eV (P-H) and 530 eV (P-H) in the XAS spectra. The intensity of the PH peak monotonically increases and that of the Pu monotonically decreases with hole doping. The two characteristic peaks in the XAS spectra at PH and P-U, which are assigned for the polycrystalline samples to the hole and upper Hubbard band (UHB) states, respectively. The theoretical calculations reproduce the experimental XAS results, especially that the PH peak decreases by hole doping. The spectral weight transfer from the P-U peak to the PH peak of the edge-shared chain by hole doping is strongly suppressed in comparison with that of the CuO2 plane. From the single crystal measurements of undoped Ca2Y2Cu5O10, the spectra of XAS and XES are interpreted in terms of a square-like CuO4 plaquette for the compound. As for the hole-doped Ca3YCu5O10 sample, the plaquette containing a doped hole is found to be square-like, and the plaquettes with no doped holes are found to be rectangle-like. We concluded that the doped hole is localized associated with the lattice deformation. The electric properties are discussed based on our result. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All Rights Reserved. C1 Univ Electrocommun, Dept Appl Phys & Chem, Chofu, Tokyo 1828585, Japan. Okayama Univ, Grad Sch Nat Sci & Technol, Okayama 7008530, Japan. Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, AIST, Nanoelect Res Inst, NeRI, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058568, Japan. Hirosaki Univ, Dept Elect & Informat Syst Engn, Hirosaki, Aomori 0368560, Japan. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Ctr Xray Opt, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Kabasawa, E (reprint author), Univ Electrocommun, Dept Appl Phys & Chem, 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu, Tokyo 1828585, Japan. EM eiki@santa.pc.uec.ac.jp RI OKADA, Kozo/B-1464-2011 NR 28 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0368-2048 J9 J ELECTRON SPECTROSC JI J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 148 IS 1 BP 65 EP 72 DI 10.1016/j.elspec.2005.03.001 PG 8 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA 937CW UT WOS:000229903200010 ER PT J AU Tarver, CM Urtiew, PA Tran, TD AF Tarver, CM Urtiew, PA Tran, TD TI Sensitivity of 2,6-diamino3,5-dinitropyrazine-1-oxide SO JOURNAL OF ENERGETIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE sensitivity; decomposition; thermal; LLM-105 ID DETONATION-WAVES; EXPLOSIVES AB The thermal and shock sensitivities of plastic bonded explosive formations based on 2,6-diamino-3,5-dinitropyrazine-1-oxide (commonly called LLM-105 for Lawrence Livermore Molecule # 105) are reported. The One-Dimensional Time to Explosion (ODTX) apparatus was used to generate times to thermal explosion at various initial temperatures. A four-reaction chemical decomposition model was developed to calculate the time to thermal explosion versus inverse temperature curve. Three embedded manganin pressure gauge experiments were fired at different initial pressures to measure the pressure buildup and the distance required for transition to detonation. An Ignition and Growth reactive model was calibrated to this shock initiation data. LLM-105 exhibited thermal and shock sensitivities intermediate between those of triaminotrinitrobenzene (TATB) and octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazine (HMX). C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Energet Mat Ctr, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Tarver, CM (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Energet Mat Ctr, POB 5508, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM tarver1@llnl.gov NR 22 TC 26 Z9 32 U1 4 U2 15 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0737-0652 J9 J ENERG MATER JI J. Energ. Mater. PD JUL-SEP PY 2005 VL 23 IS 3 BP 183 EP 203 DI 10.1080/07370650591001853 PG 21 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Engineering; Materials Science GA 962FL UT WOS:000231716300004 ER PT J AU Blevins, LG Cauley, TH AF Blevins, LG Cauley, TH TI Fine particulate formation during switchgrass/coal cofiring SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING FOR GAS TURBINES AND POWER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition CY NOV 17-22, 2002 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP Amer Soc Mech Engineers ID MUNICIPAL SEWAGE-SLUDGE; STRAW-FIRED BOILERS; CO-FIRING STRAW; PULVERIZED COAL; COMBUSTION CONDITIONS; PILOT-SCALE; PARTICLES; EMISSIONS; BIOMASS; HEALTH AB Experiments to examine the effects of biomass/coal cofiring on fine particle formation were performed in the Sandia Multi-Fuel Combustor using fuels of pure coal, three combinations of switchgrass and coal, and pure switchgrass. For this work, fine particles with aerodynamic diameter between 10 nm and 1 mu m were examined. A constant solid-fuel thermal input of 8 kW was maintained. The combustion products were cooled from 1200 to 420 degrees C during passage through the 4.2 m long reactor to simulate the temperatures experienced in the convection pass of a boiler. Fine particle number densities, mass concentrations, and total integrated number and mass concentrations at the reactor exit were determined using a scanning mobility particle sizer The fine particle number concentrations for cofiring were much higher than those achieved with dedicated coal combustion. However the total integrated mass concentration of particles remained essentially constant for all levels of cofiring from 0% coal to 100% coal. The constant mass concentration is significant because pending environmental regulations are likely to be based on particle mass rather than particle size. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Blevins, LG (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, POB 969,MS 9052, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM lgblevi@sandia.gov NR 42 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 7 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0742-4795 J9 J ENG GAS TURB POWER JI J. Eng. Gas. Turbines Power-Trans. ASME PD JUL PY 2005 VL 127 IS 3 BP 457 EP 463 DI 10.1115/1.1804540 PG 7 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 948HG UT WOS:000230706100001 ER PT J AU Nguyen, BN Tucker, BJ Khaleel, MA AF Nguyen, BN Tucker, BJ Khaleel, MA TI A mechanistic approach to matrix cracking coupled with fiber-matrix debonding in short-fiber composites SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article DE short-fiber composite; matrix cracking; fiber-matrix debonding; fiber pull-out; multiscale modeling; finite element analysis; acoustic emission ID MORI-TANAKA THEORY; REINFORCED POLYPROPYLENE; DAMAGE; STIFFNESS; STRESS AB A micro-macro mechanistic approach to damage in short-fiber composites is developed in this paper. At the microscale, a reference aligned fiber composite is considered for the analysis of the damage mechanisms such as matrix cracking and fiber-matrix debonding using the modified Mori-Tanaka model. The associated damage variables are defined, and the stiffness reduction law dependent on these variables is established. The stiffness of a random fiber composite containing random matrix microcracks and imperfect interfaces is then obtained from that of the reference composite, which is averaged over all possible orientations and weighted by an orientation distribution function. The macroscopic response is determined using a continuum damage mechanics approach and finite element analysis. Final failure resulting from saturation of matrix microcracks, fiber pull-out and breakage is modeled by a vanishing element technique. The model is validated using the experimental results found in literature as well as the results obtained for a random chopped fiber glass-vinyl ester system. Acoustic emission techniques were used to quantify the amount and type of damage during quasi-static testing. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Nguyen, BN (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM ba.nguyen@pnl.gov OI khaleel, mohammad/0000-0001-7048-0749 NR 21 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 4 U2 15 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0094-4289 J9 J ENG MATER-T ASME JI J. Eng. Mater. Technol.-Trans. ASME PD JUL PY 2005 VL 127 IS 3 BP 337 EP 350 DI 10.1115/1.1924565 PG 14 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 940FR UT WOS:000230129600010 ER PT J AU McPherson, TN Burian, SJ Stenstrom, MK Turin, HJ Brown, MJ Suffet, IH AF McPherson, TN Burian, SJ Stenstrom, MK Turin, HJ Brown, MJ Suffet, IH TI Trace metal pollutant load in urban runoff from a Southern California watershed SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID QUALITY AB In order to implement efficient and effective management strategies for coastal water quality in Southern California, it is important to consider the relative pollutant contributions from urban dry-weather flow (DWF) and wet-weather flow (WWF). This study uses both historical flow coupled with water quality monitoring data and computer modeling to characterize the annual DWF and WWF discharges from an urban catchment in Los Angeles, Calif. The DWF and WWF pollutant loading of the trace metals copper, lead, nickel, and chromium for 6 water years dating from 1991 to 1996 is predicted. The results indicate that DWF contributes a considerable amount of flow and pollutants. Approximately, 9-25 % of the total annual Ballona Creek flow volume is DWF The simulations indicate DWF accounts for 54, 19, 33, and 44 % of the average annual load of total chromium, copper, lead, and nickel, respectively. In the dry season, the simulations indicate DWF accounts for 89, 59, 58, and 90 % of the load of total chromium, copper, lead, and nickel, respectively. This research suggests DWF controls may be an important part of pollution mitigation plans for urban stormwater drainage systems in Southern California. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, CINC, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Utah, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Civil Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Publ Hlth, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP McPherson, TN (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, CINC, MS-F607,D-3, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM tmac@lanl.gov RI Stenstrom, Michael/A-3177-2008; OI Stenstrom, Michael/0000-0001-6157-0718; Brown, Michael J./0000-0002-8069-0835; Burian, Steven/0000-0003-0523-4968 NR 31 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 9 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9372 EI 1943-7870 J9 J ENVIRON ENG JI J. Environ. Eng.-ASCE PD JUL PY 2005 VL 131 IS 7 BP 1073 EP 1080 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(2005)131:7(1073) PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 939GH UT WOS:000230060000013 ER PT J AU Yan, F Williams, S Griffin, GD Jagannathan, R Plunkett, SE Shafer, KH Vo-Dinh, T AF Yan, F Williams, S Griffin, GD Jagannathan, R Plunkett, SE Shafer, KH Vo-Dinh, T TI Near-real-time determination of hydrogen peroxide generated from cigarette smoke SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING LA English DT Article ID QUANTITATIVE-ANALYSIS; AQUEOUS EXTRACTS; TAR EXTRACTS; H2O2; CELLS; 2',7'-DICHLOROFLUORESCIN; MITOCHONDRIA; SUPEROXIDE; MECHANISM; RESONANCE AB The ability to monitor hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in aqueous smoke extracts will advance our understanding of the relationship between cigarette smoke-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, and disease and help elucidate the pathways by which the various smoke constituents exert their pathogenic effects. We have demonstrated, for the first time, the measurement of H2O2 production from cigarette smoke without prior separation of the sample. Cigarettes were tested on a commercial smoking machine, such that the whole smoke or gas vapor phase was bubbled through phosphate buffered saline solution at pH 7.4. Aliquots of these solutions were analyzed using an Amplex Red/horseradish peroxidase fluorimetric assay that required only a 2 minute incubation time, facilitating the rapid, facile collection of data. Catalase was used to demonstrate the selectivity and specificity of the assay for H2O2 in the complex smoke matrix. We measured similar to 7-8 mu M H2O2 from two reference cigarettes (i.e., 1R4F and 2R4F). We also observed 9x more H2O2 from whole smoke bubbled samples compared to the gas vapor phase, indicating that the major constituent(s) responsible for H2O2 formation reside in the particulate phase of cigarette smoke. Aqueous solutions of hydroquinone and catechol, both of which are particulate phase constituents of cigarette smoke, generated no H2O2 even though they are free radical precursors involved in the production of reactive oxygen species in the smoke matrix. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Adv Biomed Sci & Technol Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Phillip Morris USA Res Ctr, Richmond, VA USA. RP Vo-Dinh, T (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Adv Biomed Sci & Technol Grp, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM vodinht@ornl.gov RI Yan, Fei/P-1330-2014 OI Yan, Fei/0000-0001-5983-143X NR 34 TC 21 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 10 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1464-0325 J9 J ENVIRON MONITOR JI J. Environ. Monit. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 7 IS 7 BP 681 EP 687 DI 10.1039/b502061a PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 950YE UT WOS:000230893900005 PM 15986047 ER PT J AU Punshon, T Lanzirotti, A Harper, S Bertsch, PM Burger, J AF Punshon, T Lanzirotti, A Harper, S Bertsch, PM Burger, J TI Distribution and speciation of metals in annual rings of black willow SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID RAY-ABSORPTION-SPECTROSCOPY; CHEMICAL SPECIATION; NICKEL LOCALIZATION; ALYSSUM-LESBIACUM; NI; HYPERACCUMULATOR; URANIUM; SEDIMENTS; PLANTS; COMPARTMENTATION AB Information on the spatial distribution and speciation of metals in nonhyperaccumulator plants is lacking. This study used synchrotron X-ray fluorescence (SXRF) compositional imaging to investigate the spatial distribution of Ni, Mn, Cu, Zn, and Fe in annual rings of black willow (Salix nigra L.) collected from a metal-contaminated area, and used X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) to investigate Ni and Mn speciation in regions of the annual rings with elevated Ni concentrations. Annual rings were recollected in early 2003 from an individual known to be enriched with Ni from previous studies. Compositional imaging showed Ni and associated co-contaminants conservatively located in an annual ring. When compared with a corresponding photomicrograph, SXRF compositional images showed that metals were sharply constrained by the boundaries of the annual ring, indicating a sudden onset and cessation of uptake, and a lack of post-growth mobility of the metals. There was a particularly strong correlation between Ni and Mn in the metal-enriched annual ring (r = 0.8822), which suggested similar transport and binding behavior of these elements. X-ray absorption spectroscopy showed Ni and Mn to be present in the 2+ oxidation state. X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy (XANES) fingerprinting of localized, highly Ni-enriched regions within the lumen of willow xylem vessels found similarities with Ni-pectic acid complexes, Ni-histidine, and NiSO4. C1 Rutgers State Univ, Div Life Sci, Consorium Risk Evaluat Stake Holder Participat, Environm & Occupat Hlth Sci Int, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. Univ Chicago, Consortium Adv Radiat Sources, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. RP Punshon, T (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Div Life Sci, Consorium Risk Evaluat Stake Holder Participat, Environm & Occupat Hlth Sci Int, 604 Allison Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. EM punshon@srel.edu NR 39 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 4 U2 14 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 34 IS 4 BP 1165 EP 1173 DI 10.2134/jeq2004.0461 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 950AF UT WOS:000230829300002 PM 15942035 ER PT J AU Um, W Serne, RJ Yabusaki, SB Owen, AT AF Um, W Serne, RJ Yabusaki, SB Owen, AT TI Enhanced radionuclide immobilization and flow path modifications by dissolution and secondary precipitates SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID CANCRINITE PHASE-TRANSFORMATION; SPENT BAYER LIQUOR; NEVADA TEST-SITE; HANFORD SITE; SUBSURFACE SEDIMENTS; NITRATE-CANCRINITE; ZEOLITIZED TUFFS; TANK WASTE; SODALITE; KINETICS AB Caustic radioactive wastes that have leaked at Hanford Site (Richland, WA) induce mineral dissolution and subsequent secondary precipitation that influence the fate and transport of contaminants present in the waste solutions. The effects of secondary mineral precipitates, formed after contacting solids with simulated caustic wastes, on the flow path changes and radionuclide immobilization were investigated by reacting quartz, a mixture of quartz and biotite, and a Hanford sediment (Warden soil: coarse-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Xeric Haplocambids) with simulated caustic tank waste solution. Continuous Si dissolution and concomitant secondary mineral precipitation were the principal reactions observed in both batch and flow-through tests. Nitrate-cancrinite was the dominant secondary precipitate on mineral surfaces after 3- to 10-d reaction times in batch experiments. X-ray microtomography images of a reacted quartz column revealed that secondary precipitates cemented quartz grains together and modified pore geometry in the center of the column. Along the circumference of the packed column, however, quartz dissolution continuously occurred, suggesting that wastes that leaked from buried tanks in the past likely did not migrate vertically as modeled in risk assessments but rather the pathways likely changed to be dominantly horizontal on precipitation of secondary precipitate phases in the Hanford vadose zone. Based on batch equilibrium sorption results on the reacted sediments, the dominant secondary precipitates (cancrinites) on the mineral surfaces enhanced the sorption capacity of typical Hanford sediment for radionuclides (129)(-I), Se-79(VI), Tc-99(VII), and Sr-90(II), all of which are of major concern at the Hanford site. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. RP Um, W (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999,MS P7-22, Richland, WA 99354 USA. EM wooyong.um@pnl.gov NR 30 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 34 IS 4 BP 1404 EP 1414 DI 10.2134/jeq2004.0395 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 950AF UT WOS:000230829300028 PM 15998863 ER PT J AU Battaglia, M Datta, A De Roeck, A Kong, K Matchev, KT AF Battaglia, M Datta, A De Roeck, A Kong, K Matchev, KT TI dContrasting supersymmetry and universal extra dimensions at the CLIC multi-TeV e(+)e(-) collider SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE field theories in higher dimensions; supersymmetry phenomenology; beyond standard model; compactification and string models ID MAGNETIC-MOMENT; DARK-MATTER; PARTICLE; IMPACT; BULK; MUON; LHC AB Universal extra dimensions and supersymmetry have rather similar experimental signatures at hadron colliders. The proper interpretation of an LHC discovery in either case may therefore require further data from a lepton collider. In this paper we identify methods for discriminating between the two scenarios at the linear collider. We study the processes of Kaluza-Klein muon pair production in universal extra dimensions in parallel to smuon pair production in supersymmetry, accounting for the effects of detector resolution, beam-beam interactions and accelerator induced backgrounds. We find that the angular distributions of the final state muons, the energy spectrum of the radiative return photon and the total cross-section measurement are powerful discriminators between the two models. Accurate determination of the particle masses can be obtained both by a study of the momentum spectrum of the final state leptons and by a scan of the particle pair production thresholds. We also calculate the production rates of various Kaluza-Klein particles and discuss the associated signatures. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Michigan, MCTP, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. CERN, Geneva, Switzerland. Univ Florida, Dept Phys, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Phys, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM MBattaglia@lbl.gov; asesh@umich.edu; Albert.de.Roeck@cern.ch; kong@phys.ufl.edu; matchev@phys.ufl.edu NR 47 TC 58 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 IS 7 AR 033 DI 10.1088/1126-6708/2005/07/033 PG 20 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 950JW UT WOS:000230854400045 ER PT J AU Delgado, A Tait, TMP AF Delgado, A Tait, TMP TI A fat Higgs with a fat top SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE supersymmetric effective theories; supersymmetric standard model; beyond standard model ID SUPERSYMMETRIC STANDARD MODELS; BOSON MASS; GAUGE-THEORIES; BREAKING; UNIFICATION; SPECTRUM; SECTOR; MSSM AB A new variant of the supersymmetric fat Higgs model is presented in which the MSSM Higgses as well as the top quark are composite. The underlying theory is an s-confining SU( 3) gauge theory with the MSSM gauge groups realized as gauged sub-groups of the chiral flavor symmetries. This motivates the large Yukawas necessary for the large top mass and SM-like Higgs of mass >> M-Z in a natural way as the residual of the strong dynamics responsible for the composites. This removes fine-tuning associated with these couplings present in the original fat Higgs and ''new fat Higgs" models, respectively. C1 CERN, Div TH, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, HEP Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP CERN, Div TH, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. EM antonio.delgado@cern.ch; tait@fnal.gov NR 52 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 IS 7 AR 023 PG 19 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 950JW UT WOS:000230854400055 ER PT J AU DeWolfe, O Giryavets, A Kachru, S Taylor, W AF DeWolfe, O Giryavets, A Kachru, S Taylor, W TI Type IIA moduli stabilization SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE superstring vacua ID SOFT SUPERSYMMETRY BREAKING; CALABI-YAU ORIENTIFOLDS; STRING THEORY; COSMOLOGICAL CONSTANT; FLUX; COMPACTIFICATIONS; VACUA; SUPERPOTENTIALS; NEUTRALIZATION; MANIFOLDS AB We demonstrate that flux compactications of type IIA string theory can classically stabilize all geometric moduli. For a particular orientifold background, we explicitly construct an infinite family of supersymmetric vacua with all moduli stabilized at arbitrarily large volume, weak coupling, and small negative cosmological constant. We obtain these solutions from both ten-dimensional and four-dimensional perspectives. For more general backgrounds, we study the equations for supersymmetric vacua coming from the effective superpotential and show that all geometric moduli can be stabilized by fluxes. We comment on the resulting picture of statistics on the landscape of vacua. C1 Princeton Univ, Dept Phys, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, SLAC, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. MIT, Ctr Theoret Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP DeWolfe, O (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Phys, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. EM odewolfe@princeton.edu; giryav@stanford.edu; skachru@stanford.edu; wati@mit.edu NR 88 TC 173 Z9 173 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 IS 7 AR 066 PG 42 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 950JW UT WOS:000230854400012 ER PT J AU Hubeny, VE Rangamani, M Ross, SF AF Hubeny, VE Rangamani, M Ross, SF TI Causal structures and holography SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE AdS-CFT and dS-CFT correspondence; penrose limit and pp-wave background; non-commutative geometry ID NONCOMMUTATIVE GAUGE-THEORY; FIELD-THEORIES; YANG-MILLS; SUPERGRAVITY; GRAVITY AB We explore the description of bulk causal structure in a dual field theory. We observe that in the spacetime dual to a spacelike non-commutative field theory, the causal structure in the boundary directions is modified asymptotically. We propose that this modi cation is described in the dual theory by a modi cation of the micro-causal light cone. Previous studies of this micro-causal light cone for spacelike non-commutativite field theories agree with the expectations from the bulk spacetime. We describe the spacetime dual to field theories with lightlike non-commutativity, and show that they generically have a drastic modi cation of the light cone in the bulk: the spacetime is non-distinguishing. This means that the spacetime while being devoid of closed timelike or null curves, has causal curves that are "almost closed". We go on to show that the micro-causal light cone in the field theory agrees with this prediction from the bulk. C1 Ctr Particle Theory, Durham DH1 3LE, England. Dept Mat Sci, Sci Labs, Durham DH1 3LE, England. Univ Calif Berkeley, LBNL, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, LBNL, Theoret Phys Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Hubeny, VE (reprint author), Ctr Particle Theory, S Rd, Durham DH1 3LE, England. EM veronika.hubeny@durham.ac.uk; mukund.rangamani@durham.ac.uk; s.f.ross@durham.ac.uk NR 39 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 IS 7 AR 037 PG 32 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 950JW UT WOS:000230854400041 ER PT J AU Ji, XD Ma, JP Yuan, F AF Ji, XD Ma, JP Yuan, F TI Transverse-momentum-dependent gluon distributions and semi-inclusive processes at hadron colliders SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Higgs physics; QCD; parton model; hadronic colliders ID HIGGS-BOSON PRODUCTION; FINAL-STATE INTERACTIONS; SPIN PRODUCTION ASYMMETRIES; DEEP-INELASTIC SCATTERING; TO-BACK JETS; SINGLE-SPIN; DRELL-YAN; LOGARITHMIC CORRECTIONS; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; HARD-SCATTERING AB We study transverse-momentum-dependent (TMD) gluon distributions and related factorization theorems for gluon-initiated semi-inclusive processes at hadron colliders. Gauge-invariant TMD gluon distributions are introduced, and their relations to the integrated (Feynman) parton distributions are established when the transverse momentum is large. Through explicit calculations, soft-collinear factorization is verified at one-loop order for scalar particle ( e. g. Higgs) production. Summation over large double logarithms is performed through solving Collins-Soper equation. We reproduce the known result in the limit that the transverse momentum of the scalar is large. C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Acad Sinica, Inst Theoret Phys, Beijing 100080, Peoples R China. Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN, BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Ji, XD (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM xji@physics.umd.edu; majp@itp.ac.cn; fyuan@physics.umd.edu RI Yuan, Feng/N-4175-2013 NR 73 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 IS 7 AR 020 PG 26 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 950JW UT WOS:000230854400058 ER PT J AU Larson, DT Murayama, H Perez, G AF Larson, DT Murayama, H Perez, G TI Right-handed new physics remains strangely beautiful SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE CP violation; beyond standard model; B-physics ID NEUTRAL-KAON SYSTEM; DIRECT CP VIOLATION; EXTRA DIMENSIONS; B-FACTORIES; DECAYS; ASYMMETRIES; MATRIX; MODELS AB Current data on CP violation in Bd -> eta'KS and Bd -> phi KS, taken literally, suggest new physics contributions in b -> s transitions. Despite a claim to the contrary, we point out that right-handed operators with a single weak phase can account for both deviations thanks to the two-fold ambiguity in the extraction of the weak phase from the corresponding CP-asymmetry. This observation is welcome since large mixing in the right-handed sector is favored by many GUT models and frameworks which address the flavor puzzle. There are also interesting correlations with the B-s system which provide a way to test this scenario in the near future. C1 Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Theoret Phys Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Larson, DT (reprint author), Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Theoret Phys Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM dtlarson@socrates.berkeley.edu; murayama@lbl.gov; gperez@lbl.gov RI Murayama, Hitoshi/A-4286-2011 NR 47 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 IS 7 AR 057 PG 15 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 950JW UT WOS:000230854400021 ER PT J AU Sugihara, T AF Sugihara, T TI Matrix product representation of gauge invariant states in a Z(2) lattice gauge theory SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE renormalization group; lattice gauge field theories; gauge symmetry ID QUANTUM RENORMALIZATION-GROUPS; MASSIVE SCHWINGER MODEL; LIGHT-CONE; THERMODYNAMICS; FORMULATION; SYSTEMS; CHAIN AB The Gauss law needs to be imposed on quantum states to guarantee gauge invariance when one studies gauge theory in hamiltonian formalism. In this work, we propose an efficient variational method based on the matrix product ansatz for a Z(2) lattice gauge theory on a spatial ladder chain. Gauge invariant low-lying states are identified by evaluating expectation values of the Gauss law operator after numerical diagonalization of the gauge hamiltonian. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN, BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Sugihara, T (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN, BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM sugihara@bnl.gov NR 31 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 IS 7 AR 022 PG 15 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 950JW UT WOS:000230854400056 ER PT J AU Topgaard, D Sakellariou, D Pines, A AF Topgaard, D Sakellariou, D Pines, A TI NMR spectroscopy in inhomogeneous B-0 and B-1 fields with non-linear correlation SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE LA English DT Article DE inhomogeneous magnetic fields; chemical shift; numerical optimization; adiabatic pulses; z-rotation ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; BROAD-BAND INVERSION; HIGH-RESOLUTION; ADIABATIC PULSES; CHEMICAL-SHIFT; DIFFUSION MEASUREMENTS; WAVELET-TRANSFORM; COMPOSITE PULSES; SINGLE SCAN; SPECTRA AB Resolved NMR spectra from samples in inhomogeneous B-0 and B-1 fields can be obtained with the so-called "ex situ" methodology, employing a train of composite or adiabatic z-rotation RF pulses to periodically refocus the inhomogeneous broadening during the detection of the time-domain signal. Earlier schemes relied on a linear correlation between the inhomogeneous B0 and B, fields. Here the pulse length, bandwidth, and amplitude of the adiabatic pulses of the hyperbolic secant type are adjusted to improve the refocusing for a setup with non-linear correlation. The field correlation is measured using a two-dimensional nutation experiment augmented with a third dimension with varying RF carrier frequency accounting for off-resonance effects. The pulse optimization is performed with a computer algorithm using the experimentally determined field correlation and a standard adiabatic z-rotation pulse as a starting point for the iterative optimization procedure. The shape of the z-rotation RF pulse is manipulated to provide refocusing for the conditions given by the sample-, magnet-, and RF-coil geometry. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Div Mat Sci, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Div Mat Sci, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Topgaard, D (reprint author), Lund Univ, POB 124, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden. EM daniel.topgaard@fkem.lu.se RI Sakellariou, Dimitrios/F-2846-2010 OI Sakellariou, Dimitrios/0000-0001-7424-5543 NR 38 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 11 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1090-7807 J9 J MAGN RESON JI J. Magn. Reson. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 175 IS 1 BP 1 EP 10 DI 10.1016/j.jmr.2005.03.006 PG 10 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Physics; Spectroscopy GA 939CP UT WOS:000230050200001 PM 15949743 ER PT J AU Volegov, PL Mosher, JC Espy, MA Kraus, RH AF Volegov, PL Mosher, JC Espy, MA Kraus, RH TI On concomitant gradients in low-field MRI SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE LA English DT Article DE magnetic resonance imaging; low field; ultra-low field; concomitant gradients; distortions ID MICROTESLA MAGNETIC-FIELDS; ROOM-TEMPERATURE SAMPLES; INSIDE-OUT NMR; QUANTUM INTERFERENCE DEVICE; SQUID DETECTED NMR; DC SQUID; RESONANCE; MAGNETOENCEPHALOGRAPHY; ARTIFACTS; AMPLIFIER AB Growing interest in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at ultra-low magnetic fields (ULF, similar to mu T fields) has been motivated by several advantages over its counterparts at higher magnetic fields. These include narrow line widths, the possibility of novel imaging schemes, reduced imaging artifacts from susceptibility variations within a sample, and reduced system cost and complexity. In addition, ULF NMR/MRI with superconducting quantum interference devices is compatible with simultaneous measurements of biomagnetic signals, a capability conventional systems cannot offer. Acquisition of MRI at ULF must, however, account for concomitant gradients that would otherwise result in severe image distortions. In this paper, we introduce the general theoretical framework that describes concomitant gradients, explain why such gradients are more problematic at low field, and present possible approaches to correct for these unavoidable gradients in the context of a non-slice-selective MRI protocol. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biol & Quantum Phys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Kraus, RH (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biol & Quantum Phys Grp, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM rkraus@lanl.gov NR 30 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1090-7807 J9 J MAGN RESON JI J. Magn. Reson. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 175 IS 1 BP 103 EP 113 DI 10.1016/j.jmr.2005.03.015 PG 11 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Physics; Spectroscopy GA 939CP UT WOS:000230050200011 PM 15869890 ER PT J AU Kumagai, K Fujiyoshi, Y Furukawa, Y Kogerler, P AF Kumagai, K Fujiyoshi, Y Furukawa, Y Kogerler, P TI H-1-NMR studies on spin dynamics in molecular nanomagnet V15 SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Nanomagnetism CY NOV 15-19, 2004 CL Havana, CUBA SP Int Union Crystallog, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys, Abdus Salam Int Ctr Theoret Phys, CLAF, Univ Havana, Inst Mat & Regents, Fac Phys, Cuban Phys Soc DE NMR; hyperfine interaction; relaxation time; V15 cluster ID GROUND-STATE; PROTON NMR; MAGNETIZATION; V-15; TRANSITIONS; RELAXATION; CLUSTERS AB H-1-NMR study of a molecular magnet K-6[V15As6O42(H2O)]8H(2)O (in short, V15) provides evidences for a gradual slowing of fluctuations of the V4+ spins with increasing magnetic field. The temperature and magnetic field dependence of 1/T-1 is well explained by a model in terms of spin phonon interaction in the magnetic field region (H > 2.7 T) where the ground state of the V15 cluster is S = (3)/(2). On the other hand, the T-1 data is not reproduced by the model in the low magnetic field region where the ground state is formed by two S doubly degenerate states, suggesting importance of additional contribution to the spin dynamics of V4+ moments due to peculiarities of the S=(1)/(2) triangle configuration in the V15 cluster. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Hokkaido Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Div Phys, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0600810, Japan. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Kumagai, K (reprint author), Hokkaido Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Div Phys, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0600810, Japan. EM kumagai@phys.sci.hokudai.ac.jp RI Kogerler, Paul/H-5866-2013 OI Kogerler, Paul/0000-0001-7831-3953 NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-8853 J9 J MAGN MAGN MATER JI J. Magn. Magn. Mater. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 294 IS 2 SI SI BP 141 EP 146 DI 10.1016/j.jmmm.2005.03.027 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 941SC UT WOS:000230233500010 ER PT J AU Lakhani, S Bissell, M AF Lakhani, S Bissell, M TI Introduction: The role of myoepithelial cells in integration of form and function in the mammary gland SO JOURNAL OF MAMMARY GLAND BIOLOGY AND NEOPLASIA LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Life Sci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Royal Brisbane & Womens Hosp, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. RP Bissell, M (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Life Sci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM mjbissell@lbl.gov NR 0 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1083-3021 J9 J MAMMARY GLAND BIOL JI J. Mammary Gland Biol. Neoplasia PD JUL PY 2005 VL 10 IS 3 BP 197 EP 198 DI 10.1007/s10911-005-9580-x PG 2 WC Oncology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Physiology SC Oncology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Physiology GA 052HK UT WOS:000238224600001 PM 16807799 ER PT J AU Gudjonsson, T Adriance, MC Sternlicht, MD Petersen, OW Bissell, MJ AF Gudjonsson, T Adriance, MC Sternlicht, MD Petersen, OW Bissell, MJ TI Myoepithelial cells: Their origin and function in breast morphogenesis and neoplasia SO JOURNAL OF MAMMARY GLAND BIOLOGY AND NEOPLASIA LA English DT Article DE breast myoepithelial cells; progenitors; polarity; collagen; laminin-1 ID HUMAN MAMMARY-GLAND; EPITHELIAL STEM-CELLS; RECONSTITUTED BASEMENT-MEMBRANE; MALIGNANT BREAST; GENE-EXPRESSION; IMMUNOMAGNETIC SEPARATION; DESMOSOMAL ADHESION; CARCINOMA-CELLS; CANCER; DIFFERENTIATION AB The human breast epithelium is a branching ductal system composed of an inner layer of polarized luminal epithelial cells and an outer layer of myoepithelial cells that terminate in distally located terminal duct lobular units (TDLUs). While the luminal epithelial cell has received the most attention as the functionally active milk-producing cell and as the most likely target cell for carcinogenesis, attention on myoepithelial cells has begun to evolve with the recognition that these cells play an active part in branching morphogenesis and tumor suppression. A major question that has been the subject of investigation pertains to how the luminal epithelial and myoepithelial lineages are related and precisely how they arise from a common putative stem cell population within the breast. Equally important is the question of how heterotypic signaling occurs between luminal epithelial and surrounding myoepithelial cells in normal breast morphogenesis and neoplasia. In this review we discuss data from our laboratories and from others regarding the cellular origin of human myoepithelial cells, their function in maintaining tissue polarity in the normal breast, and their role during neoplasia. C1 Univ Iceland, Fac Med, Reykjavik, Iceland. Iceland Canc Soc, Mol & Cell Biol Res Lab, Reykjavik, Iceland. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Life Sci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Anat, San Francisco, CA USA. Panum Inst, Inst Med Anat, Struct Cell Biol Unit, Copenhagen, Denmark. RP Gudjonsson, T (reprint author), Univ Iceland, Fac Med, Reykjavik, Iceland. EM thorarinn@krabb.is; mjbissell@lbl.gov FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 64786, R01 CA057621-07, CA 57621, R01 CA064786, R01 CA064786-08, R37 CA064786, R01 CA057621] NR 82 TC 100 Z9 101 U1 1 U2 9 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1083-3021 J9 J MAMMARY GLAND BIOL JI J. Mammary Gland Biol. Neoplasia PD JUL PY 2005 VL 10 IS 3 BP 261 EP 272 DI 10.1007/s10911-005-9586-4 PG 12 WC Oncology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Physiology SC Oncology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Physiology GA 052HK UT WOS:000238224600007 PM 16807805 ER PT J AU Ford, MJ Kertesz, V Van Berkel, GJ AF Ford, MJ Kertesz, V Van Berkel, GJ TI Thin-layer chromatography/electrospray ionization triple-quadrupole linear ion trap mass spectrometry system: analysis of rhodamine dyes separated on reversed-phase C-8 plates SO JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article DE thin-layer chromatography; surface sampling; electrospray; linear ion trap; rhodamine dyes; pen ink ID SURFACE SAMPLING PROBE AB The direct analysis of separated rhodamine dyes on reversed-phase C-8 thin-layer chromatography plates using a surface sampling/electrospray emitter probe coupled with a triple-quadrupole linear ion trap mass spectrometer is presented. This report represents continuing work to advance the performance metrics and utility of this basic surface sampling electrospray mass spectrometry system for the analysis of thin-layer chromatography plates. Experimental results examining the role of sampling probe spray end configuration on liquid aspiration rate and gas-phase ion signal generated are discussed. The detection figures-of-merit afforded by full-scan, automated product ion and selected reaction monitoring modes of operation were examined. The effect of different eluting solvents on mass spectrum signal levels with the reversed-phase C-8 plate was investigated. The combined effect of eluting solvent flow-rate and development lane surface scan rate on preservation of chromatographic resolution was also studied. Analysis of chromatographically separated red pen ink extracts from eight different pens using selected reaction monitoring demonstrated the potential of this surface sampling electrospray mass spectrometry system for targeted compound analysis with real samples. Copyright (c) 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Organ & Biol Mass Spectrometry Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Van Berkel, GJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Organ & Biol Mass Spectrometry Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM vanberkelgi@ornl.gov RI Kertesz, Vilmos/M-8357-2016 OI Kertesz, Vilmos/0000-0003-0186-5797 NR 16 TC 33 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 3 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 1076-5174 J9 J MASS SPECTROM JI J. Mass Spectrom. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 40 IS 7 BP 866 EP 875 DI 10.1002/jms.796 PG 10 WC Biophysics; Chemistry, Organic; Spectroscopy SC Biophysics; Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA 952HN UT WOS:000230994700002 PM 15724234 ER PT J AU Robertson, IM Kirk, M Messerschmidt, U Yang, J Hull, R AF Robertson, IM Kirk, M Messerschmidt, U Yang, J Hull, R TI Untitled SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Max Planck Inst Microstruct Phys, D-06120 Halle Saale, Germany. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. Univ Virginia, Dept Mat Sci, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. RP Robertson, IM (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 1304 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 20 IS 7 BP 1617 EP 1617 DI 10.1557/JMR.2005.0238 PG 1 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 942QE UT WOS:000230296100001 ER PT J AU Birtcher, RC Kirk, MA Furuya, K Lumpkin, GR Ruault, MO AF Birtcher, RC Kirk, MA Furuya, K Lumpkin, GR Ruault, MO TI In situ transmission electron microscopy investigation of radiation effects SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Review ID HEAVY-ION IRRADIATION; INDUCED PHASE-TRANSFORMATION; BEAM-INDUCED AMORPHIZATION; AUSTENITIC STAINLESS-STEEL; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; DISPLACEMENT CASCADES; DEFECT CLUSTERS; HIGH-VOLTAGE; MARTENSITIC TRANSFORMATIONS; INTERMETALLIC COMPOUNDS AB In situ observation is of great value in the study of radiation damage utilizing electron or ion irradiation. We summarize the facilities and give examples of work found around the world. In situ observations of irradiation behavior have fallen into two broad classes. One class consists of long-term irradiation, with observations of microstructural evolution as a function of the radiation dose in which the advantage of in situ observation has been the maintenance of specimen position, orientation, and temperature. A second class has involved the recording of individual damage events in situations in which subsequent evolution would render the correct interpretation of ex situ observations impossible. In this review, examples of the first class of observation include ion-beam amorphization, damage accumulation, plastic flow, implant precipitation, precipitate evolution under irradiation, and damage recovery by thermal annealing. Examples of the second class of observation include single isolated ion impacts that produce defects in the form of dislocation loops, amorphous zones, or surface craters, and single ion impact-sputtering events. Experiments in both classes of observations attempt to reveal the kinetics underlying damage production, accumulation, and evolution. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Natl Inst Mat Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 30150003, Japan. Univ Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 6DA, England. Ctr Spectrometrie Nucl & Spectrometrie Masse, F-91405 Orsay, France. RP Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM birtcher@anl.gov RI Lumpkin, Gregory/A-7558-2008 NR 129 TC 27 Z9 31 U1 4 U2 24 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0884-2914 EI 2044-5326 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 20 IS 7 BP 1654 EP 1683 DI 10.1557/JMR.2005.0242 PG 30 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 942QE UT WOS:000230296100005 ER PT J AU Zhou, GW Yang, JC AF Zhou, GW Yang, JC TI Initial oxidation kinetics of Cu(100), (110), and (111) thin films investigated by in situ ultra-high-vacuum transmission electron microscopy SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Review ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; UHV-TEM; OXYGEN; SURFACES; CU(001); GROWTH; ALLOYS; CU2O; RECONSTRUCTION; RELAXATION AB The initial oxidation stages of Cu(100), (110), and (I 11) surfaces have been investigated by using in situ ultra-high-vacuum transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques to visualize the nucleation and growth of oxide islands. The kinetic data on the nucleation and growth of oxide islands shows a highly enhanced initial oxidation rate on the Cu(110) surface as compared with Cu(100), and it is found that the dominant mechanism for the nucleation and growth is oxygen surface diffusion in the oxidation of Cu(I 00) and (I 10). The oxidation of Cu(I 11) shows a dramatically different behavior from that of the other two orientations, and the in situ TEM observation reveals that the initial stages of Cu(1 11) oxidation are dominated by the nucleation of oxide islands at temperatures lower than 550 degrees C, and are dominated by two-dimensional oxide growth at temperatures higher than 550 degrees C. This dependence of the oxidation behavior on the crystal orientation and temperature is attributed to the structures of the oxygen-chemisorbed layer, oxygen surface diffusion, surface energy, and the interfacial strain energy. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. RP Zhou, GW (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM gzhou@anl.gov NR 33 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 6 U2 40 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 20 IS 7 BP 1684 EP 1694 DI 10.1557/JMR.2005.0239 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 942QE UT WOS:000230296100006 ER PT J AU Stoddard, N Duscher, G Windl, W Rozgonyi, G AF Stoddard, N Duscher, G Windl, W Rozgonyi, G TI A new understanding of near-threshold damage for 200 keV irradiation in silicon SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID DEFECTS; SI; SEMICONDUCTORS AB Recently we reported room temperature point defect creation and subsequent extended defect nucleation in nitrogen-doped silicon during 200 kV electron irradiation, while identical irradiation of nitrogen-free silicon produced no effect. In this paper, first principles calculations are combined with new transmission electron microscope (TEM) observations to support a new model for elastic electron-si I icon interactions in the TEM, which encompasses both nitrogen doped and nitrogen free silicon. Specifically, the nudged elastic band method was used to study the energetics along the diffusion path during an electron collision event in the vicinity of a nitrogen pair. It was found that the 0 K estimate for the energy barrier of a knock-on event is lowered from similar to 12 to 6.2 eV. However, this is still inadequate to explain the observations. We therefore propose an increase in the energy barrier for Frenkel pair recombination associated with N-2-V bonding. Concerning pure silicon, stacking fault formation near irradiation-induced holes demonstrates the participation of bulk processes. In low oxygen float zone material, 2-5 nm voids were formed, while oxygen precipitation in Czochralski Si has been verified by electron energy-loss spectroscopy. Models of irradiation-induced point defect aggregation are presented and it is concluded that these must be bulk and not surface mediated phenomena. (c) 2005 Springer Science + Business Media, Inc. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Stoddard, N (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Box 7907, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM ngstodda@ncsu.edu RI Windl, Wolfgang/C-7255-2012; Duscher, Gerd/G-1730-2014 OI Windl, Wolfgang/0000-0001-5892-0684; Duscher, Gerd/0000-0002-2039-548X NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-2461 J9 J MATER SCI JI J. Mater. Sci. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 40 IS 14 BP 3639 EP 3650 DI 10.1007/s10853-005-1059-z PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 948PX UT WOS:000230729300007 ER PT J AU Doorn, SK AF Doorn, SK TI Raman studies of new carbon nanotube sample types SO JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review DE carbon nanotube; Raman spectroscopy; nanotube; imaging ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; HIPCO PROCESS; CAPILLARY-ELECTROPHORESIS; SPECTROSCOPY; SEPARATION; EXCITATION; SCATTERING; ULTRALONG; GROWTH; MODES AB Generation of new carbon nanotube sample types, including individualized nanotubes suspended in surfactant solutions and recently synthesized ultralong nanotubes, has enabled new experimental studies that provide useful insight into nanotube structure and photophysical behavior. We present a review of Raman studies performed in our laboratory on these newly available sample types. Results from Raman excitation profile studies of individualized HiPco-produced nanotubes have confirmed fluorescence-based chirality assignments and have revealed chiral-dependences in the Raman scattering cross-sections. These studies have also enabled a direct evaluation of the effects of nanotube bundling on electronic and vibrational structure. Confocal Raman imaging is demonstrated as a useful technique for probing vibrational structure of ultralong nanotubes over large length scales and has resulted in the detection and imaging of a semiconcluctor-to-metallic nanotube intramolecular junction. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Doorn, SK (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, C-ACS,MS-J563, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 73 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHERS PI STEVENSON RANCH PA 25650 NORTH LEWIS WAY, STEVENSON RANCH, CA 91381-1439 USA SN 1533-4880 J9 J NANOSCI NANOTECHNO JI J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 5 IS 7 BP 1023 EP 1034 DI 10.1166/jnn.2005.170 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 942XN UT WOS:000230316300003 PM 16108422 ER PT J AU Fernando, KAS Lin, Y Zhou, B Grah, M Joseph, R Allard, LF Sun, YP AF Fernando, KAS Lin, Y Zhou, B Grah, M Joseph, R Allard, LF Sun, YP TI Poly(ethylene-co-vinyl alcohol) functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes and related nanocomposites SO JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE carbon nanotubes; functionalization; nanocomposites; poly(ethylene-co-vinyl alcohol); solubility ID TRANSFER RADICAL POLYMERIZATION; COMPOSITE; CHEMISTRY AB Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) were functionalized by poly(ethylene-co-vinyl alcohol) (EVOH) copolymer under carbodiimide-activated esterification reaction conditions, Similar to the parent EVOH copolymer, the EVOH-functionalized carbon nanotubes are soluble in highly polar solvent systems such as DMSO and hot ethanol-water mixtures. The soluble EVOH-SWNT sample was characterized by various techniques, including optical absorption, Raman, NMR, electron microscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. The common solubility of EVOH and EVOH-SWNT allowed their intimate mixing in solution, and thus the fabrication of nanocomposites in which the SWNTs are homogeneously dispersed in the polymer matrix. C1 Clemson Univ, Dept Chem, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. Clemson Univ, Lab Emerging Mat & Technol, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. Cryovac N Amer, Duncan, SC 29334 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, High Temp Mat Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Sun, YP (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Chem, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. NR 20 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHERS PI STEVENSON RANCH PA 25650 NORTH LEWIS WAY, STEVENSON RANCH, CA 91381-1439 USA SN 1533-4880 J9 J NANOSCI NANOTECHNO JI J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 5 IS 7 BP 1050 EP 1054 DI 10.1166/jnn.2005.156 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 942XN UT WOS:000230316300007 PM 16108426 ER PT J AU Liu, GD Lin, YH AF Liu, GD Lin, YH TI A renewable electrochemical magnetic immunosensor based on gold nanoparticle labels SO JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE magnetic beads; gold nanoparticle; electrochemical immunosensor ID STRIPPING POTENTIOMETRIC DETECTION; AMPEROMETRIC IMMUNOSENSORS; IMMUNOASSAY; ELECTRODES; TECHNOLOGY; SENSOR; ASSAY; ACID AB A particle-based renewable electrochemical magnetic immunosensor was developed by using magnetic beads and gold nanoparticle labels. Anti-IgG antibody-modified magnetic beads were attached to a renewable carbon paste transducer surface by magnet that was fixed inside the sensor. Gold nanoparticle labels were capsulated to the surface of magnetic beads by sandwich immunoassay. Highly sensitive electrochemical stripping analysis offers a simple and fast method to quantify the capatured gold nanoparticle tracers and avoid the use of an enzyme label and substrate. The stripping signal of gold nanoparticles is related to the concentration of target IgG in the sample solution. A transmission electron microscopy image shows that the gold nanoparticles were successfully capsulated to the surface of magnetic beads through sandwich immunoreaction events. The parameters of immunoassay, including the loading of magnetic beads, the amount of gold nanoparticle conjugate, and the immunoreaction time, were optimized, The detection limit of 0.02 mu g ml(-1) of IgG was obtained under optimum experimental conditions. Such particle-based electrochemical magnetic immunosensors could be readily used for simultaneous parallel detection of multiple proteins by using multiple inorganic metal nanoparticle tracers and are expected to open new opportunities for disease diagnostics and biosecurity. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Lin, YH (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI Lin, Yuehe/D-9762-2011 OI Lin, Yuehe/0000-0003-3791-7587 NR 28 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 3 U2 13 PU AMER SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHERS PI STEVENSON RANCH PA 25650 NORTH LEWIS WAY, STEVENSON RANCH, CA 91381-1439 USA SN 1533-4880 J9 J NANOSCI NANOTECHNO JI J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 5 IS 7 BP 1060 EP 1065 DI 10.1166/jnn.2005.178 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 942XN UT WOS:000230316300009 PM 16108428 ER PT J AU Ding, YS Lin, KS Logan, J Benveniste, H Carter, P AF Ding, YS Lin, KS Logan, J Benveniste, H Carter, P TI Comparative evaluation of positron emission tomography radiotracers for imaging the norepinephrine transporter: (S,S) and (R,R) enantiomers of reboxetine analogs ([C-11]methylreboxetine, 3-Cl-[C-11]methylreboxetine and [F-18]fluororeboxetine), (R)-[C-11]nisoxetine, [C-11]oxaprotiline and [C-11]lortalamine SO JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE lortalamine; nisoxetine; norepinephrine transporter; oxaprotiline; positron emission tomography; reboxetine ID RAT-BRAIN MEMBRANES; IN-VIVO EVALUATION; UPTAKE SITES; BINDING-SITES; LABELED NOREPINEPHRINE; THREO-METHYLPHENIDATE; H-3 NISOXETINE; BABOON BRAIN; PET; SEROTONIN AB We have synthesized and evaluated several new ligands for imaging the norepinephrine transporter (NET) system in baboons with positron emission tomography (PET). Ligands possessing high brain penetration, high affinity and selectivity, appropriate lipophilicity (log P = 1.0-3.5), high plasma free fraction and reasonable stability in plasma were selected for further studies. Based on our characterization studies in baboons, including C-11-labeled (R)-nisoxetine (Nis), oxaprotiline (Oxap), lortalamine (Lort) and new analogs of methylreboxetine (MRB), in conjunction with our earlier evaluation of C-11 and F-18 derivatives of reboxetine, MRB and their individual (R,R) and (S,S) enantiomers, we have identified the superiority of (S,S)-[C-11]MRB and the suitability of MRB analogs [(S,S)-[C-11]MRB > (S,S)-[C-11]3-Cl-MRB > (S,S)-[F-18]fluoro-reboxentine] as potential NET ligands for PET. In contrast, Nis, Oxap and Lort displayed high uptake in striatum (higher than in thalamus). The use of these ligands is further limited by high non-specific binding and relatively low specific signal, as is characteristic of many earlier NET ligands. Thus, to our knowledge (S,S)-[C-11]MRB remains by far the most promising NET ligand for PET studies. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Ding, YS (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM ding@bnl.gov FU NIBIB NIH HHS [EB002630]; NIDA NIH HHS [DA-06278] NR 65 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 5 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0022-3042 J9 J NEUROCHEM JI J. Neurochem. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 94 IS 2 BP 337 EP 351 DI 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2005.03202.x PG 15 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 942NN UT WOS:000230289200006 PM 15998285 ER PT J AU Pesanelli, EJ AF Pesanelli, EJ TI Processing color figures: That was then, this is now SO JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 APS, Art Dept, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Pesanelli, EJ (reprint author), APS, Art Dept, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM epesanel@the-aps.org NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3077 J9 J NEUROPHYSIOL JI J. Neurophysiol. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 94 IS 1 BP 1 EP 1 DI 10.1152/jn.00384.2005 PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Physiology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Physiology GA 940HY UT WOS:000230135500001 ER PT J AU Kramer, MJ Sordelet, DJ AF Kramer, MJ Sordelet, DJ TI Polymorphism in the short-range order of Zr(70)Pd(30) metallic glasses SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS LA English DT Article ID LIQUID-METALS; X-RAY; ALLOYS; DIFFRACTION; DEVITRIFICATION; NOBLE; PD AB We investigated the origin of the short-range order (SRO) of Zr-Pd based metallic glasses by different processing routes: melt spinning (MS) and mechanical milling (MM). The atomic pair distribution function (PDF) was observed using high energy synchrotron X-rays. Reverse Monte Carlo (RMC) simulations of the experimentally measured atomic pair distributions were performed to identify contrasting aspects of the partial pair distributions and differences in local chemical order between isochemical amorphous alloys prepared by these two very different synthesis techniques. The MS alloy is shown to have a SRO dominated by a random polyhedral configuration close to icosahedral symmetry. The MM samples have SRO to medium-range order (MRO) which is topologically similar to the MoSi(2)-type structure (I4/mmm), but chemically closer to the Al(2)Cu-type structure (I4/mcm). (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, USDOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Kramer, MJ (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, USDOE, Ames Lab, 37 Wilhelm Hall, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM mjkramer@ameslab.gov NR 20 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3093 J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids PD JUL 1 PY 2005 VL 351 IS 19-20 BP 1586 EP 1593 DI 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2005.03.042 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 938HM UT WOS:000229990500005 ER PT J AU Sen, S Aitken, BG Khalid, S AF Sen, S Aitken, BG Khalid, S TI Short-range structure and chemical order in In-Ge sulfide and selenide glasses by X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS LA English DT Article ID CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; CHALCOGENIDE GLASSES; RIGIDITY PERCOLATION; INDIUM; EXAFS AB The nearest-neighbor coordination environments of In and Ge atoms in In-Ge sulfide and selenide glasses have been studied with In and Ge K-edge EXAFS spectroscopy. The Ge atoms are coordinated to 4 S (Se) atoms in all sulfide (selenide) glasses. The In atoms are found to be present in the In3+ state and are tetrahedrally coordinated by 4 S nearest neighbors in the S-excess glass and similar to 3.6 S + similar to 0.4 Ge neighbors in the stoichiometric and S-deficient glass. These results imply a two coordinated state for the S atoms and preservation of chemical order in all glasses. The In atoms in a stoichiometric selenide glass are found to be coordinated to 4 Se nearest neighbors, although possible partial contribution from Ge nearest neighbors similar to that observed in the case of sulfides can not be disregarded. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Corning Inc, Glass Res Div, Corning, NY 14831 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Sen, S (reprint author), Corning Inc, Glass Res Div, Corning, NY 14831 USA. EM sbsen@ucdavis.edu NR 30 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3093 EI 1873-4812 J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids PD JUL 1 PY 2005 VL 351 IS 19-20 BP 1710 EP 1715 DI 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2005.04.004 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 938HM UT WOS:000229990500023 ER PT J AU Auman, LE Loewen, EP Gesell, TF Ohno, S AF Auman, LE Loewen, EP Gesell, TF Ohno, S TI The chemical kinetics of alkaline extraction of tellurium from lead-bismuth eutectic SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE lead-bismuth eutectic; alkaline extraction; polonium; tellurium; chemical kinetics; Arrhenius rate law AB Developing the technology to remove neutron activation products from lead-bismuth eutectic requires understanding the chemical kinetics of the removal reaction. Polonium-210, an important radioactive product caused by neutron activation of lead-bismuth eutectic, poses a radiological hazard if a system breach occurred or system maintenance is performed. Methods to remove Po-210 have been discussed in the literature. One approach under consideration is to develop a system that would chemically remove Po-210. The removal method under investigation in this research is alkaline extraction. Chemical kinetic measurements were made to determine first and second order rate constants and the activation energy at various temperatures using tellurium as a surrogate. First and second order alkaline extraction rate constants were measured to be: k(1) =2.17e(-40,483/RT) and k(2) = 8.18e(-74,018/RT) where R is the ideal gas constant and T is the temperature in degrees Kelvin. Alkaline extraction is dependent on temperature and was found to follow the Arrhenius rate law. The activation energy (E-a) ranged between 40,483-74,018 J(.)mol(-1). With a strong foundation of surrogate work completed, this work should be validated using Po-210. C1 Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. Idaho State Univ, Dept Phys, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA. Japan Nucl Cycle Dev Inst, Oarai Engn Ctr, Oarai, Ibaraki 3111393, Japan. RP Idaho Natl Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM laurence.auman@inl.gov NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0022-3131 EI 1881-1248 J9 J NUCL SCI TECHNOL JI J. Nucl. Sci. Technol. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 42 IS 7 BP 618 EP 625 DI 10.1080/18811248.2004.9726429 PG 8 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 963DY UT WOS:000231784800004 ER PT J AU Holm, DD Wingate, BIA AF Holm, DD Wingate, BIA TI Baroclinic instabilities of the two-layer quasigeostrophic alpha model SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID CAMASSA-HOLM EQUATIONS; TURBULENCE; WAVES; FLOWS AB The class of alpha models for turbulence may be derived by applying Lagrangian averaging to the exact fluid equations and then making a Closure approximation based on Taylor's hypothesis of frozen-in fluctuations. This derivation provides a closed expression for the unknown pseudomomentum in the generalized Lagrangian mean theory of Andrews and McIntyre. In the current study, the mean effects of turbulence on baroclinic instability are explored, as determined by the two-layer quasigeostrophic-alpha model in quasigeostrophic (QG) balance. The QG-alpha model is found to lower the critical wavenumber, reduce the bandwidth of instability, and preserve the value of forcing at onset in the baroclinic case. It also preserves the fundamental dependence of baroclinic instability on the gradient of the potential vorticity. These results encourage using the alpha-model approach-base on combining Lagrangian averaging with Taylor's hypothesis closure approximations-in simulations of global ocean circulation, because this class of turbulence closure models allows Lagrangian-averaged effects of baroclinic instability to be simulated on a coarse mesh. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Math, London, England. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Comp & Computat Sci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Wingate, BIA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, MS B284, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. OI Holm, Darryl D/0000-0001-6362-9912 NR 20 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0022-3670 J9 J PHYS OCEANOGR JI J. Phys. Oceanogr. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 35 IS 7 BP 1287 EP 1296 DI 10.1175/JPO2741.1 PG 10 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 953FM UT WOS:000231062000009 ER PT J AU Desnica-Frankovic, ID Desnica, UV Furic, K Wagner, J Haynes, TE AF Desnica-Frankovic, ID Desnica, UV Furic, K Wagner, J Haynes, TE TI Hall effect and Raman analysis of residual damage and free electron concentration in Si-implanted GaAs: a quest for better doping efficiency SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS LA English DT Article ID GALLIUM-ARSENIDE; SCATTERING; DISORDER; GE AB To tackle the problem of insufficient electrical activation of Si+ dopant in GaAs, we have studied a series of heavily Si-implanted and thermally annealed GaAs samples (two different doses, each implanted at three different temperatures and with two implantation rates). A comparative analysis of electrical and optical measurements was done on the same set of samples and correlated with implantation parameters. By temperature dependent Hall-effect measurements carrier density and carrier mobility were determined over the 20-300 K range. The mobility data were analyzed taking into account different scattering mechanisms. The implantation-induced initial damage was determined by Rutherford backscattering, whereas the amount of residual damage present in the samples after thermal annealing was estimated by Raman spectroscopy. Additionally, scattering by LO phonon-plasmon coupled modes was used to study the properties of the free electron gas in the implanted layer, including its depth distribution. Free carrier concentrations deduced from the analysis of the plasmon modes agree with the Hall-effect results. Multi-energy implantation in combination with higher implant temperature is suggested as a way to increase doping efficiency by reducing high local concentrations and lessen the probability of compensating defects formation. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Rudjer Boskovic Inst, Div Mat Phys, Zagreb, Croatia. Fraunhofer Inst, D-79108 Freiburg, Germany. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Desnica-Frankovic, ID (reprint author), Rudjer Boskovic Inst, Div Mat Phys, POB 180, Zagreb, Croatia. EM ddesnica@irb.hr RI Haynes, Tony/P-8932-2015 OI Haynes, Tony/0000-0003-2871-4745 NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-3697 J9 J PHYS CHEM SOLIDS JI J. Phys. Chem. Solids PD JUL PY 2005 VL 66 IS 7 BP 1158 EP 1163 DI 10.1016/j.jpcs.2005.04.009 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 961BG UT WOS:000231636300004 ER PT J AU Zhang, JZ Zhao, YS Pantea, C Qian, J Daemen, LL Rigg, PA Hixson, RS Greeff, CW Gray, GT Yang, YP Wang, LP Wang, YB Uchida, T AF Zhang, JZ Zhao, YS Pantea, C Qian, J Daemen, LL Rigg, PA Hixson, RS Greeff, CW Gray, GT Yang, YP Wang, LP Wang, YB Uchida, T TI Experimental constraints on the phase diagram of elemental zirconium SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS LA English DT Article DE metals; amorphous materials; X-ray diffraction; phase transitions; high pressure ID HIGH-PRESSURE; TRANSITIONS; TEMPERATURE; TITANIUM; KINETICS; METAL; ZR AB The phase diagram of zirconium metal has been studied using synchrotron X-ray diffraction and time-of-flight neutron scattering at temperatures and pressures up to 1273 K and 17 GPa. The equilibrium phase boundary of the alpha-omega transition has a dT/dP slope of 473 K/GPa, and the extrapolated transition pressure at ambient temperature is located at 3.4 GPa. For the omega-beta transition, the phase boundary has a negative dT/dP slope of 15.5 K/GPa between 6.4 and 15.3 GPa, which is substantially smaller than a previously reported value of - 39 +/- 5 K/GPa in the pressure range of 32-35 GPa. This difference indicates a significant curvature of the phase boundary between 15.3 and 35 GPa. The alpha-omega-beta triple point was estimated to be at 4.9 GPa and 953 K, which is comparable to previous results obtained from a differential thermal analysis. Except for the three known crystalline forms, the beta phase of zirconium metal was found to possess an extraordinary glass forming ability at pressures between 6.4 and 8.6 GPa. This transformation leads to a limited stability field for the beta phase in the pressure range of 6-16 GPa and to complications of high-temperature portion of phase diagram for zirconium metal. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, LANSCE Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, T Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, DX Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, MST Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Inst Mineral Phys, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Univ Chicago, Adv Photon Source, Argonne Natl Lab, GESCARS, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Zhang, JZ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, LANSCE Div, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM jzhang@lanl.gov RI Pantea, Cristian/D-4108-2009; Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012; Greeff, Carl/N-3267-2013; OI Pantea, Cristian/0000-0002-0805-8923; Greeff, Carl/0000-0003-0529-0441; Wang, Yanbin/0000-0001-5716-3183 NR 28 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 11 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-3697 J9 J PHYS CHEM SOLIDS JI J. Phys. Chem. Solids PD JUL PY 2005 VL 66 IS 7 BP 1213 EP 1219 DI 10.1016/j.jpcs.2005.03.004 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 961BG UT WOS:000231636300013 ER PT J AU Suzuki, M AF Suzuki, M TI Baryon helicity in B decay SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM CHROMODYNAMICS; EXCLUSIVE PROCESSES; MESON DECAYS; SU(3) PREDICTIONS; FORM-FACTORS; MODEL AB The unexpectedly large transverse polarization measured in the decay B phi K* poses the question whether it is accounted for as a strong interaction effect or possibly points to a hidden nonstandard weak interaction. We extend here the perturbative argument to the helicity structure of the two-body baryonic decay and discuss qualitatively on how the baryonic B decay modes might help us in understanding the issue raised by B -> phi K*. We find among others that the helicity +1/2 amplitude dominates the leading order in the B((b) over barq) decay and that unlike the B -> VV decay the dominant amplitude is sensitive to the right-handed b -> s current, if any, in the penguin interaction. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 30 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 EI 1361-6471 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 31 IS 7 BP 755 EP 767 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/31/7/019 PG 13 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 950PF UT WOS:000230868700020 ER PT J AU Mishustin, IN Satarov, LM Strottman, D Greiner, W AF Mishustin, IN Satarov, LM Strottman, D Greiner, W TI Possible production of strongly bound baryonia in relativistic heavy-ion collisions SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MODEL AB Properties of a hypothetical scalar baryonium with the quark content (uds (u) over bar(d) over bar(s) over bar ) are discussed. The MIT bag model predicts its mass to be unexpectedly low, approximately 1210 MeV. Possible hadronic decay modes of this state are analysed. Ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions provide favourable conditions for the formation of such particles from the baryon-free quark-gluon plasma. We estimate multiplicities of such exotic baryonia on the basis of a simple thermal model. C1 Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Frankfurt Inst Adv Studies, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany. Russian Res Ctr, Kurchatov Inst, Moscow 123182, Russia. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Mishustin, IN (reprint author), Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Frankfurt Inst Adv Studies, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany. NR 27 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 EI 1361-6471 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 31 IS 7 BP 803 EP 808 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/31/7/022 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 950PF UT WOS:000230868700023 ER PT J AU Barnes, MD Mehta, A Kumar, P Sumpter, BG Noid, DW AF Barnes, MD Mehta, A Kumar, P Sumpter, BG Noid, DW TI Confinement effects on the structure and dynamics of polymer systems from the mesoscale to the nanoscale SO JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART B-POLYMER PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE blends; conjugated polymers; fluorescence; light scattering; nanoparticles; simulations ID ANGULAR OPTICAL-SCATTERING; SINGLE-MOLECULE SPECTROSCOPY; RESOLVED LIGHT-SCATTERING; PHASE-SEPARATION; SPINODAL DECOMPOSITION; CONJUGATED POLYMERS; COMPUTER-SIMULATIONS; REFRACTIVE-INDEX; BICONTINUOUS MICROEMULSIONS; LEVITATED MICRODROPLETS AB In this article, we review some of our recent progress in experimental and simulation methods for generating, characterizing, and modeling polymer microparticles and nanoparticles in a number of polymer and polymer-blend systems. By using instrumentation developed for probing single fluorescent molecules in micrometer-sized liquid droplets, we have shown that polymer particles of nearly arbitrary size and composition can be made with a size dispersion that is ultimately limited by the chain length and number distribution within the droplets. Depending on the time-scale for solvent evaporation-a tunable parameter in our experiments-the phase separation of otherwise immiscible polymers can be avoided by confinement effects, and homogeneous polymer-blend microparticles or nanoparticles can be produced. These particles have tunable properties that can be controlled by the simple adjustment of the size of the particle or the relative mass fractions of the polymer components in solution. Physical, optical, and mechanical properties of a variety of microparticles and nanoparticles, differing in size and composition, have been examined with extensive classical molecular dynamics calculations in conjunction with experiments to gain deeper insights into the fundamental nature of their structure, dynamics, and properties. (c) 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 Univ Massachusetts, Dept Chem, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Life Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Chem Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Barnes, MD (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Chem, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. EM mdbarnes@chem.umass.edu RI Sumpter, Bobby/C-9459-2013 OI Sumpter, Bobby/0000-0001-6341-0355 NR 98 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 17 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0887-6266 J9 J POLYM SCI POL PHYS JI J. Polym. Sci. Pt. B-Polym. Phys. PD JUL 1 PY 2005 VL 43 IS 13 BP 1571 EP 1590 DI 10.1002/polb.20460 PG 20 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 938SM UT WOS:000230023200002 ER PT J AU Kim, CW Frey, MW Marquez, M Joo, YL AF Kim, CW Frey, MW Marquez, M Joo, YL TI Preparation of submicron-scale, electrospun cellulose fibers via direct dissolution SO JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART B-POLYMER PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE cellulose; electrospinning; coagulation; dimethylacetamide (DMAc); lithium chloride (LiCl) ID N,N-DIMETHYLACETAMIDE LITHIUM-CHLORIDE; MESOPHASE FORMATION; POLYMER FIBERS; CHAIN RIGIDITY; DERIVATIVES; JET AB Cellulose nonwoven mats of submicron-sized fibers (150 nm-500 nm in diameter) were obtained by electrospinning cellulose solutions. A solvent system based on lithium chloride (LiCl) and N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc) was used, and the effects of W temperature of the collector, (ii) type of collector (aluminum mesh and cellulose filter media), and (iii) postspinning treatment, such as coagulation with water, on the morphology of electrospun fibers were investigated. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction studies of as-spun fibers at room temperature reveal that the morphology of cellulose fibers evolves with time due to moisture absorption and swelling caused by the residual salt and solvent. Although heating the collector greatly enhances the stability of the fiber morphology, the removal of salt by coagulation and DMAc by heating the collector was necessary for the fabrication of dry and stable cellulose fibers with limited moisture absorption and swelling. The presence and removal of the salt before and after coagulation have been identified by electron microprobe and X-ray diffraction studies. When cellulose filter media is used as a collector, dry and stable fibers were obtained without the coagulation step, and the resulting electrospun fibers exhibit good adhesion to the filter media. (c) 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 Cornell Univ, Sch Chem & Biomol Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. Cornell Univ, Dept Text & Apparel, Ithaca, NY USA. Kraft Foods R&D, Nanotechnol Lab, Glenview, IL USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Joo, YL (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Sch Chem & Biomol Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM ylj2@cornell.edu NR 20 TC 83 Z9 89 U1 5 U2 40 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0887-6266 J9 J POLYM SCI POL PHYS JI J. Polym. Sci. Pt. B-Polym. Phys. PD JUL 1 PY 2005 VL 43 IS 13 BP 1673 EP 1683 DI 10.1002/polb.20475 PG 11 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 938SM UT WOS:000230023200011 ER PT J AU Jacobs, JM Adkins, JN Qian, WJ Liu, T Shen, YF Camp, DG Smith, RD AF Jacobs, JM Adkins, JN Qian, WJ Liu, T Shen, YF Camp, DG Smith, RD TI Utilizing human blood plasma for proteomic biomarker discovery SO JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE biomarker; plasma; serum; human; proteomics; mass spectrometry; MS ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; HUMAN SERUM PROTEOME; CATALYZED O-16-TO-O-18 EXCHANGE; CYSTEINYL-PEPTIDE ENRICHMENT; HIGH-THROUGHPUT; 2-DIMENSIONAL ELECTROPHORESIS; HEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMA; QUANTITATIVE PROTEOMICS; GLOBAL ANALYSIS; YEAST PROTEOME AB Candidate proteomic biomarker discovery from human plasma holds both incredible clinical potential as well as significant challenges. The dynamic range of proteins within plasma is known to exceed 10(10), and many potential biomarkers are likely present at lower protein abundances. At present, proteomic based MS analyses provide a dynamic range typically not exceeding similar to 10(3) in a single spectrum, and similar to 10(4)-10(6) when combined with on-line separations (e.g., reversed-phase gradient liquid chromatography), and thus are generally insufficient for low level biomarker detection directly from human plasma. This limitation is providing an impetus for the development of experimental methodologies and strategies to increase the possible number of detections within this biofluid. Discussed is the diversity of available approaches currently used by our laboratory and others to utilize human plasma as a viable medium for biomarker discovery. Various separation, depletion, enrichment, and quantitative efforts as well as recent improvements in MS capabilities have resulted in measurable improvements in the detection and identification of lower abundance proteins (by similar to 10-10(2)). Despite these improvements, further advances are needed to provide a basis for discovery of candidate biomarkers at very low levels. Continued development of depletion and enrichment techniques, coupled with improved pre-MS separations (both at the protein and pepticle level) holds promise in extending the dynamic range of proteomic analysis. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Biol Sci Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Smith, RD (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Biol Sci Div, POB 999,MSIN K8-98, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI Qian, Weijun/C-6167-2011; Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012; Liu, Tao/A-9020-2013; Adkins, Joshua/B-9881-2013 OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349; Liu, Tao/0000-0001-9529-6550; Adkins, Joshua/0000-0003-0399-0700 FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR 18522]; NIGMS NIH HHS [U54 GM 62119-02] NR 92 TC 189 Z9 193 U1 3 U2 36 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1535-3893 J9 J PROTEOME RES JI J. Proteome Res. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 4 IS 4 BP 1073 EP 1085 DI 10.1021/pr0500657 PG 13 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 954VV UT WOS:000231184200004 PM 16083256 ER PT J AU Wu, S Kaiser, NK Meng, D Anderson, GA Zhang, K Bruce, JE AF Wu, S Kaiser, NK Meng, D Anderson, GA Zhang, K Bruce, JE TI Increased protein identification capabilities through novel tandem MS calibration strategies SO JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE proteomics; FTICR-MS; LC-MS/MS; multiplexed CID; COFI; protein identification ID ION-CYCLOTRON RESONANCE; FTICR MASS-SPECTROMETRY; CAPILLARY LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; MULTIPLY-CHARGED IONS; ACCURATE MASS; SEQUENCE DATABASES; PEPTIDE; PROTEOMICS; DISSOCIATION; TAGS AB High mass measurement accuracy is critical for confident protein identification and characterization in proteomics research. Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FTICR) mass spectrometry is a unique technique which can provide unparalleled mass accuracy and resolving power. However, the mass measurement accuracy of FTICR-MS can be affected by space charge effects. Here, we present a novel internal calibrant-free calibration method that corrects for space charge-induced frequency shifts in FTICR fragment spectra called Calibration Optimization on Fragment Ions (COFI). This new strategy utilizes the information from fixed mass differences between two neighboring peptide fragment ions (such as Y-1 and Y-2) to correct the frequency shift after data collection. COR has been successfully applied to LC-FTICR fragmentation data. Mascot MS/MS ion search data demonstrate that most of the fragments from BSA tryptic digested peptides can be identified using a much lower mass tolerance window after applying COR to LC-FTICR-MS/MS of BSA tryptic digest. Furthermore, COR has been used for multiplexed LC-CID-FTICR-MS which is an attractive technique because of its increased duty cycle and dynamic range. After the application of COR to a multiplexed LC-CID-FTICR-MS of BSA tryptic digest, we achieved an average measured mass accuracy of 2.49 ppm for all the identified BSA fragments. C1 Washington State Univ, Dept Chem, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Washington State Univ, Dept EECS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Bruce, JE (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Chem, POB 644630, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM james_bruce@wsu.edu NR 38 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1535-3893 J9 J PROTEOME RES JI J. Proteome Res. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 4 IS 4 BP 1434 EP 1441 DI 10.1021/pr0501057 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 954VV UT WOS:000231184200045 PM 16083297 ER PT J AU Wietfeldt, FE Dewey, MS Gilliam, DM Nico, JS Fei, X Snow, WM Greene, GL Pauwels, J Eykens, R Lamberty, A Van Gestel, J AF Wietfeldt, FE Dewey, MS Gilliam, DM Nico, JS Fei, X Snow, WM Greene, GL Pauwels, J Eykens, R Lamberty, A Van Gestel, J TI Measurement of the neutron lifetime by counting trapped protons SO JOURNAL OF RESEARCH OF THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Precision Measurements with Slow Neutrons CY APR 05-07, 2004 CL Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD HO Natl Inst Stand & Technol DE neutron lifetime; trapped protons ID (LIF)-LI-6 REFERENCE DEPOSITS; INELASTICALLY SCATTERED NEUTRONS; STORING ULTRACOLD NEUTRONS; CHARGED-PARTICLE REACTIONS; B-10 AB We measured the neutron decay lifetime by counting in-beam neutron decay recoil protons trapped in a quasi-Penning trap. The absolute neutron beam fluence was measured by capture in a thin (LiF)-Li-6 foil detector with known efficiency. The combination of these measurements gives the neutron lifetime: tau(n)=(886.8 +/- 1.2 +/- 3.2) s, where the first (second) uncertainty is statistical (systematic) in nature. This is the most precise neutron lifetime determination to date using an in-beam method. C1 Tulane Univ, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA. Univ Tennessee, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Reference Mat & Measurements, B-2440 Geel, Belgium. RP Wietfeldt, FE (reprint author), Tulane Univ, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. EM msdewey@nist.gov; david.gilliam@nist.gov; jnico@nist.gov NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE PI WASHINGTON PA SUPERINTENDENT DOCUMENTS,, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 USA SN 1044-677X J9 J RES NATL INST STAN JI J. Res. Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 110 IS 4 BP 327 EP 331 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 971FG UT WOS:000232366900004 PM 27308145 ER PT J AU Dzhosyuk, SN Copete, A Doyle, JM Yang, L Coakley, KJ Golub, R Korobkina, E Kreft, T Lamoreaux, SK Thompson, AK Yang, GL Huffman, PR AF Dzhosyuk, SN Copete, A Doyle, JM Yang, L Coakley, KJ Golub, R Korobkina, E Kreft, T Lamoreaux, SK Thompson, AK Yang, GL Huffman, PR TI Determination of the neutron lifetime using magnetically trapped neutrons SO JOURNAL OF RESEARCH OF THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Precision Measurements with Slow Neutrons CY APR 05-07, 2004 CL Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD HO Natl Inst Stand & Technol DE magnetic trapping; neutron lifetime; superthermal neutron production; ultracold neutrons AB We report progress on an experiment to measure the neutron lifetime using magnetically trapped neutrons. Neutrons are loaded into a 1.1 T deep superconducting Ioffe-type trap by scattering 0.89 nm neutrons in isotopically pure superfluid He-4. Neutron decays are detected in real time using the scintillation light produced in the helium by the beta-decay electrons. The measured trap lifetime at a helium temperature of 300 mK and with no ameliorative magnetic ramping is substantially shorter than the free neutron lifetime. This is attributed to the presence of neutrons with energies higher than the magnetic potential of the trap. Magnetic field ramping is implemented to eliminate these neutrons, resulting in an 833(-63)(+74)s trap lifetime, consistent with the currently accepted value of the free neutron lifetime. C1 Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Hahn Meitner Inst Berlin GmbH, D-1000 Berlin, Germany. Tulane Univ, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. RP Dzhosyuk, SN (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. OI Huffman, Paul/0000-0002-2562-1378 NR 4 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 4 PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE PI WASHINGTON PA SUPERINTENDENT DOCUMENTS,, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 USA SN 1044-677X J9 J RES NATL INST STAN JI J. Res. Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 110 IS 4 BP 339 EP 343 DI 10.6028/jres.110.050 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 971FG UT WOS:000232366900006 PM 27308147 ER PT J AU Bowman, JD Penttila, SI AF Bowman, JD Penttila, SI TI On the measurement of the neutron lifetime using ultracold neutrons in a vacuum quadrupole trap SO JOURNAL OF RESEARCH OF THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Precision Measurements with Slow Neutrons CY APR 05-07, 2004 CL Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD HO Natl Inst Stand & Technol DE chaos; neutron lifetime; neutron trap; quadrupole trap; ultra cold neutrons ID BETA-ASYMMETRY; DECAY AB We present a conceptual design for an experiment to measure the neutron lifetime (similar to 886 s) with an accuracy of 10(-4). The lifetime will be measured by observing the decay rate of a sample of ultracold neutrons (UCN) confined in vacuum in a magnetic trap. The UCN collaboration at Los Alamos National Laboratory has developed a prototype UCN source that is expected to produce a bottled UCN density of more than 100/cm(3) [1]. The availability of such an intense source makes it possible to approach the measurement of the neutron lifetime in a new way. We argue below that it is possible to measure the neutron lifetime to 10(-4) in a vacuum magnetic trap. The measurement involves no new technology beyond the expected UCN density. If even higher densities are available, the experiment can be made better and/or less expensive. We present the design and methodology for the measurement. The slow loss of neutrons that have stable orbits, but are not energetically trapped would produce a systematic uncertainty in the measurement. We discuss a new approach, chaotic cleaning, to the elimination of quasi-neutrons from the trap by breaking the rotational symmetry of the quadrupole trap. The neutron orbits take on a chaotic character and mode mixing causes the neutrons on the quasi-bound orbits to leave the trap. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Bowman, JD (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. NR 8 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE PI WASHINGTON PA SUPERINTENDENT DOCUMENTS,, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 USA SN 1044-677X J9 J RES NATL INST STAN JI J. Res. Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 110 IS 4 BP 361 EP 366 DI 10.6028/jres.110.054 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 971FG UT WOS:000232366900010 PM 27308151 ER PT J AU Wilburn, WS Bowman, JD Mitchell, GS O'Donnell, JM Penttila, SI Seo, PN Calarco, JR Hersmann, FW Chupp, TE Cianciolo, TV Rykaczewski, KP Young, GR De Souza, RT Snow, WM Desai, D Greene, GL Grzywacz, RK Frlez, E Pocanic, D Gentile, TR Gudkov, V Jones, GL AF Wilburn, WS Bowman, JD Mitchell, GS O'Donnell, JM Penttila, SI Seo, PN Calarco, JR Hersmann, FW Chupp, TE Cianciolo, TV Rykaczewski, KP Young, GR De Souza, RT Snow, WM Desai, D Greene, GL Grzywacz, RK Frlez, E Pocanic, D Gentile, TR Gudkov, V Jones, GL TI Measurement of neutron decay parameters - The abBA experiment SO JOURNAL OF RESEARCH OF THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Precision Measurements with Slow Neutrons CY APR 05-07, 2004 CL Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD HO Natl Inst Stand & Technol DE neutron beta decay; weak interactions ID BETA-EMISSION ASYMMETRY; POLARIZED NEUTRONS; SPIN ASYMMETRY; GA-GV; SPECTRUM AB We are developing an experiment to measure the correlations a, A, and B, and the Fierz interference term b in neutron decay, with a precision of approximately 10(-4). The experiment uses an electromagnetic spectrometer in combination with two large-area segmented silicon detectors to detect the proton and electron from the decay in coincidence, with 4 pi acceptance for both particles. For the neutron-polarization-dependent observables A and B, precision neutron polarimetry is achieved through the combination of a pulsed neutron beam, under construction at the SNS, and a polarized He-3 neutron polarizer. Measuring a and A in the same apparatus provides a redundant determination of lambda=g(A)/g(V). Uncertainty in lambda dominates the uncertainty of CKM unitarity tests. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Hamilton Coll, Clinton, NY 13323 USA. RP Wilburn, WS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. EM thomas.gentile@nist.gov RI Frlez, Emil/B-6487-2013 NR 16 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE PI WASHINGTON PA SUPERINTENDENT DOCUMENTS,, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 USA SN 1044-677X J9 J RES NATL INST STAN JI J. Res. Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 110 IS 4 BP 389 EP 393 DI 10.6028/jres.110.058 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 971FG UT WOS:000232366900014 PM 27308155 ER PT J AU Bowman, JD AF Bowman, JD TI On the measurement of the electron-neutrino correlation in neutron beta decay SO JOURNAL OF RESEARCH OF THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Precision Measurements with Slow Neutrons CY APR 05-07, 2004 CL Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD HO Natl Inst Stand & Technol DE electron-neutrino correlation; neutron beta decay AB I present a new approach to the measurement of a, the electron-neutrino correlation, in neutron beta decay. A precise measurement of a can lead to a precise determination of ratio of the axial vector and vector coupling constants, G(a)/G(v). Coincidences between electrons and protons are detected in a field-expansion spectrometer. The field-expansion spectrometer is designed to make 1/TOF approximate to vertical bar p(p)vertical bar. TOF and p(p) are the proton time of flight and momentum. Two segmented Si detectors view both electrons and protons in 4 pi geometry. The time of flight between the electron and proton are accurately measured in a long, approximate to 1 m, drift distance. The electron energy is accurately measured in the Si detectors. The proton momentum and electron energy determine the electron-neutrino opening angle. I have shown that by sorting the data on proton time of flight and electron energy, a can be determined with a statistical relative standard uncertainty of approximate to 2.4/root n, where n is the number of decays observed. The approach has a number of advantages. The acceptance of the spectrometer is 4p for both particles. Thin-dead-layer segmented Si detectors as well as all other components in the apparatus, are commercially available. There are no material apertures to determine the acceptance of the apparatus. The charged particles interact only with electric and magnetic fields before striking the detectors. Coincident detection of electrons and protons reduces backgrounds, and allows the in situ determination of backgrounds. In the analysis, it is not necessary to sort on the relative electron and proton direction and hence electron back scattering does not cause systematic uncertainties. A time of flight spectrum is obtained for each electron energy. Different parts of the spectra have different sensitivities to a. The medium time of flight parts of the spectra that are insensitive to a can be used to verify the accuracy of the electric and magnetic field determinations. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Bowman, JD (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. NR 1 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE PI WASHINGTON PA SUPERINTENDENT DOCUMENTS,, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 USA SN 1044-677X J9 J RES NATL INST STAN JI J. Res. Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 110 IS 4 BP 407 EP 410 DI 10.6028/jres.110.061 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 971FG UT WOS:000232366900017 PM 27308158 ER PT J AU Seo, PN Bowman, JD Mitchell, GS Penttila, SI Wilburn, WS AF Seo, PN Bowman, JD Mitchell, GS Penttila, SI Wilburn, WS TI Detector development for the abBA experiment SO JOURNAL OF RESEARCH OF THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Precision Measurements with Slow Neutrons CY APR 05-07, 2004 CL Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD HO Natl Inst Stand & Technol DE dead layer; electron-backscattering event; neutron beta decay; silicon detector AB We have developed a new type of field-expansion spectrometer to measure the neutron beta decay correlations (a, b, B, and A). A precision measurement of these correlations places stringent requirements on charged particle detectors. The design employs large area segmented silicon detectors to detect both protons and electrons in coincidence. Other requirements include good energy resolution (<5 keV), a thin dead layer to allow observation of 30-keV protons, fast timing resolution(similar to 1 ns) to reconstruct electron-backscattering events, and nearly unity efficiency. We report results of testing commercially available surface-barrier silicon detectors for energy resolution and timing performance, and measurement of the dead-layer thickness of ion-implanted silicon detectors with a 3.2 MeV alpha source. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Seo, PN (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE PI WASHINGTON PA SUPERINTENDENT DOCUMENTS,, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 USA SN 1044-677X J9 J RES NATL INST STAN JI J. Res. Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 110 IS 4 BP 427 EP 429 DI 10.6028/jres.110.065 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 971FG UT WOS:000232366900021 PM 27308162 ER PT J AU Desai, D Greene, G Mahurin, R Bowman, D Calarco, J AF Desai, D Greene, G Mahurin, R Bowman, D Calarco, J TI Simulation of charged particle trajectories in the neutron decay correlation experiment abBA SO JOURNAL OF RESEARCH OF THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Precision Measurements with Slow Neutrons CY APR 05-07, 2004 CL Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD HO Natl Inst Stand & Technol DE abBA experiment; abBA spectrometer; charged particle trajectory; coincidence experiment; computer simulation; guiding center approximation AB The proposed neutron decay correlation experiment, abBA, will directly detect the direction of emission of decay protons and electrons as well as providing spectroscopic information for both particles. In order to provide this information, the abBA experiment incorporates spatially varying electric and magnetic fields. We report on detailed simulations of the decay particle trajectories in order to assess the impact of various systematic effects on the experimental observables. These include among others; adiabaticity of particle orbits, tracking of orbits, reversal of low energy protons due to inhomogeneous electric field, and accuracy of proton time of flight measurements. Several simulation methods were used including commercial software (Simion), custom software, as well as analytical tools based on the use of adiabatic invariants. Our results indicate that the proposed field geometry of the abBA spectrometer will be substantially immune to most systematic effects and that transport calculations using adiabatic invariants agree well with solution of the full equations of motion. C1 Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RP Desai, D (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE PI WASHINGTON PA SUPERINTENDENT DOCUMENTS,, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 USA SN 1044-677X J9 J RES NATL INST STAN JI J. Res. Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 110 IS 4 BP 443 EP 448 DI 10.6028/jres.110.068 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 971FG UT WOS:000232366900024 PM 27308165 ER PT J AU Markoff, DM Cianciolo, V Britton, CL Cooper, RG Greene, GL AF Markoff, DM Cianciolo, V Britton, CL Cooper, RG Greene, GL TI Development of a position sensitive neutron detector with high efficiency and energy resolution for use at high-flux beam sources SO JOURNAL OF RESEARCH OF THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Precision Measurements with Slow Neutrons CY APR 05-07, 2004 CL Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD HO Natl Inst Stand & Technol DE cold neutrons; ionization chamber; MicroMegas detector; neutron detector AB We are developing a high-efficiency neutron detector with 1 cm position resolution and coarse energy resolution for use at high-flux neutron source facilities currently proposed or under construction. The detector concept integrates a segmented He-3 ionization chamber with the position sensitive, charged particle collection methods of a MicroMegas detector. Neutron absorption on the helium produces protons and tritons that ionize the fill gas. The charge is amplified in the field region around a wire mesh and subsequently detected in current mode by wire strips mounted on a substrate. One module consisting of a high-voltage plate, a field-shaping high-voltage plate, a grid and wire strips defines a detection region. For 100% efficiency, detector modules are consecutively placed along the beam axis. Analysis over several regions with alternating wire strip orientation provides a two-dimensional beam profile. By using He-3, a 1/nu absorption gas, each axial region captures neutrons of a different energy range, providing an energy-sensitive detection scheme especially useful at continuous beam sources. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN USA. RP Markoff, DM (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE PI WASHINGTON PA SUPERINTENDENT DOCUMENTS,, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 USA SN 1044-677X J9 J RES NATL INST STAN JI J. Res. Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 110 IS 4 BP 449 EP 452 DI 10.6028/jres.110.069 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 971FG UT WOS:000232366900025 PM 27308166 ER PT J AU Herczeg, P AF Herczeg, P TI The T-Odd R and D correlations in beta decay SO JOURNAL OF RESEARCH OF THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Precision Measurements with Slow Neutrons CY APR 05-07, 2004 CL Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD HO Natl Inst Stand & Technol DE beta decay; CP-violation; physics beyond the Standard Model; time-reversal violation ID ELECTRIC-DIPOLE MOMENT; CP-VIOLATION; STANDARD MODEL; LIMIT; INVARIANCE; SCALAR; NE-19; TESTS AB We review and discuss the time-reversal-odd R and D correlations in neutron and nuclear beta decay. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Herczeg, P (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 42 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 5 PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE PI WASHINGTON PA SUPERINTENDENT DOCUMENTS,, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 USA SN 1044-677X J9 J RES NATL INST STAN JI J. Res. Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 110 IS 4 BP 453 EP 459 DI 10.6028/jres.110.070 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 971FG UT WOS:000232366900026 PM 27308167 ER EF