FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Edelstein, NM Klenze, R Fanghanel, T Hubert, S AF Edelstein, NM Klenze, R Fanghanel, T Hubert, S TI Optical properties of Cm(III) in crystals and solutions and their application to Cm(III) speciation SO COORDINATION CHEMISTRY REVIEWS LA English DT Review DE Cm(III); optical properties; fluorescence; energy levels; crystals; speciation; aquatic system; trace concentration ID LASER FLUORESCENCE SPECTROSCOPY; CONCENTRATED ELECTROLYTE-SOLUTIONS; IN-STATU-NASCENDI; RARE-EARTH IONS; TIME-RESOLVED SPECTROFLUOROMETRY; ACTINIDE AQUO IONS; NEUTRAL PH RANGE; TRIVALENT ACTINIDES; FIELD ANALYSIS; CARBONATE COMPLEXATION AB Cm(III), atomic number 96, has the electronic configuration [Rn core, 5f(7)] and is the actinide analog of the lanthanide ion Gd3+ [Xe core, 4f(7)]. The ground term has only similar to 78% S-8(7/2) parentage due to the large spin-orbit interaction as compared to the almost 100% S-8(7/2) parentage for Gd3+. The electrostatic interaction between equivalent electrons in the f(7) shell results in a large gap between the octet state (S-8(7/2)) of the ground term and the sextet states (D-6(7/2), P-6(7/2), P-6(5/2), . . . ) of the excited multiplets. For Gd3+ this splitting results in a gap greater than 30,000 cm(-1). The greater spatial extent of the 5f electron shell results in a smaller electrostatic interaction between equivalent electrons in the 5f shell than in the 4f shell. Thus for Cm(III), this splitting is on the order of 16,800 cm(-1). The ground term multiplet splitting is small (similar to 2-50 cm(-1)) because the largest component of the ground multiplet has zero angular momentum. The large gap between the first excited multiplet and the ground term results in strong fluorescence. The lifetime of this fluorescence is sensitive to the number and nature of the ligands in the first coordination shell in solution and solid complexes as is the energy of the transition. From measurements of this lifetime the number of H2O molecules in this coordination shell can be determined. In this paper the theories necessary to analyze the energy level spectra of the Cm(III) in crystals and Cm(III) solution intensities are briefly discussed. Applications of Cm(III) fluorescence measurements for the determination of solution and solid species are reviewed. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Inst Nukl Entsorgung, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany. Inst Phys Nucl, CNRS, UMR8608, IN2P3, F-91406 Orsay, France. RP Edelstein, NM (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM nmedelstein@lbl.gov NR 97 TC 75 Z9 75 U1 0 U2 27 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0010-8545 J9 COORDIN CHEM REV JI Coord. Chem. Rev. PD APR PY 2006 VL 250 IS 7-8 BP 948 EP 973 DI 10.1016/j.ccr.2006.02.004 PG 26 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 041OR UT WOS:000237466000013 ER PT J AU Ilevbare, GO AF Ilevbare, GO TI Effect of sulfate on the passive and crevice corrosion properties of alloy 22 in 4 M sodium SO CORROSION LA English DT Article DE Alloy 22; breakdown potential; chloride; corrosion potential; crevice corrosion; cyclic polarization; inhibition; passive corrosion rate; repassivation potential; sulfate; temperature ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE; STAINLESS-STEEL; REPASSIVATION BEHAVIOR; LOCALIZED CORROSION; PITTING POTENTIALS; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; WATER CHEMISTRY; CHLORIDE; GROWTH; STABILIZATION AB The study of the electrochemical behavior of Alloy 22 (UNS NO6022) was carried out in 4 M sodium chloride (NaCl) and 4 M NaCl with sulfate additions of 0.4 M and 0.04 M between 45 degrees C and 105 degrees C with multiple crevice assembly specimens. The passive and crevice corrosion properties of Alloy 22 were investigated in these electrolytes. The susceptibility to corrosion was found to decrease in the presence of sulfate in solution. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Ilevbare, GO (reprint author), ISSI, 1111 N Civic Dr, Walnut Creek, CA 94596 USA. EM gilevbare@issi-net.com NR 36 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATL ASSN CORROSION ENG PI HOUSTON PA 1440 SOUTH CREEK DRIVE, HOUSTON, TX 77084-4906 USA SN 0010-9312 J9 CORROSION JI Corrosion PD APR PY 2006 VL 62 IS 4 BP 340 EP 356 PG 17 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 033ST UT WOS:000236870200006 ER PT J AU Jayaraj, J Sordelet, DJ Kim, DH Kim, YC Fleury, E AF Jayaraj, J Sordelet, DJ Kim, DH Kim, YC Fleury, E TI Corrosion behaviour of Ni-Zr-Ti-Si-Sn amorphous plasma spray coating SO CORROSION SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE metallic coating; amorphous structures; polarisation; corrosion ID SUPERCOOLED LIQUID; PITTING CORROSION; HIGH-STRENGTH; ALLOYS; CR; RESISTANCE AB Ni59Zr20Ti16Si2Sn3 amorphous material was deposited by a vacuum plasma spraying technique onto steel and copper substrates in order to investigate their behaviour in a corrosive environment. For comparison, the same alloy was prepared as amorphous ribbons by melt spinning. The amorphous nature of the coatings and ribbons was characterized by XRD, DSC and TEM, while XPS and AES analyses were performed to understand the origin of passivation and mode of corrosion. The corrosion behaviour of the coating was studied in H2SO4 and HCl solutions open to air at room temperature. Potentiodynamic polarisation and galvanic coupling tests were carried out on the substrate and the coating. It was found that the formation of Zr-, Ti- and Si-rich passive oxide layers provide a high corrosion resistance in H2SO4 solution while the breakdown of the passive layer by chloride ion adsorption was responsible for pitting corrosion of the Ni59Zr20Ti16Si2Sn3 amorphous ribbons in HCl solution. Galvanic corrosion was the dominant corrosion mechanism for the coating/copper hybrid structure, in contrast to the Ni59Zr20Ti16Si2Sn3 amorphous coating, which efficiently protected the steel substrate in the corrosive environment. (C) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Korea Inst Sci & Technol, Div Engn & Mat Sci, Seoul 130650, South Korea. KIST Univ Sci & Technol, Int R&D Acad, Seoul 130650, South Korea. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Mat & Engn Phys Program, Ames, IA 50014 USA. Yonsei Univ, Dept Met Engn, Ctr NonCrystalline Mat, Seoul 120749, South Korea. RP Fleury, E (reprint author), Korea Inst Sci & Technol, Div Engn & Mat Sci, POB 131, Seoul 130650, South Korea. EM efleury@kist.re.kr RI bang, changwook/J-7922-2012 NR 20 TC 45 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 19 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0010-938X J9 CORROS SCI JI Corrosion Sci. PD APR PY 2006 VL 48 IS 4 BP 950 EP 964 DI 10.1016/j.corsci.2005.04.006 PG 15 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 033JO UT WOS:000236843400012 ER PT J AU Nogales, E Wang, HW AF Nogales, E Wang, HW TI Structural intermediates in microtubule assembly and disassembly: how and why? SO CURRENT OPINION IN CELL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SLOWLY HYDROLYZABLE ANALOG; ALPHA-BETA-TUBULIN; ANGSTROM RESOLUTION; GTP HYDROLYSIS; KINESIN MOTOR; PLUS-END; DYNAMICS; COMPLEX; MODEL; PROTEINS AB Microtubules are cytoskeletal polymers made of repeating alpha beta-tubulin heterodimers that play essential roles in all eukaryotic cells. The complex dynamic behavior of microtubules, which is ultimately due to the tubulin subunit structure and its intrinsic GTPase activity, is key to the functions of these ubiquitous polymers. Microtubule assembly and disassembly do not take place by simple helical growth and shrinkage via individual subunits, but rather involve transient polymer intermediates, distinct from the microtubule, without parallel in other biological self-assembly systems. The discovery of these intermediates a decade ago has been followed recently by quantitative descriptions of their structure and their relationship to nucleotide state. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Nogales, E (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, 355 LSA, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM enogales@lbl.gov FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM 051487] NR 36 TC 109 Z9 114 U1 0 U2 15 PU CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0955-0674 J9 CURR OPIN CELL BIOL JI Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. PD APR PY 2006 VL 18 IS 2 BP 179 EP 184 DI 10.1016/j.ceb.2006.02.009 PG 6 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 028MX UT WOS:000236493000009 PM 16495041 ER PT J AU Nogales, E Wang, HW AF Nogales, E Wang, HW TI Structural mechanisms underlying nucleotide-dependent self-assembly of tubulin and its relatives SO CURRENT OPINION IN STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Review ID DIVISION PROTEIN FTSZ; SLOWLY HYDROLYZABLE ANALOG; BACTERIAL-CELL-DIVISION; ALPHA-BETA-TUBULIN; GTP HYDROLYSIS; ELECTRON CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; MICROTUBULE DYNAMICS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; DOUBLE RINGS; RESOLUTION AB The up-tubulin dimer assembles into microtubules, essential polymers in all eukaryotic cells. Microtubules are highly dynamic, a property that derives from tubulin's GTPase activity. Both the bacterial homolog, FtsZ, and the recently discovered bacterial tubulins from Prosthecobacter self-assemble in a nucleotide-dependent manner into protofilaments similar to those that form the microtubule wall. A number of structural studies of up-tubulin, gamma-tubulin (the isoform involved in microtubule nucleation), FtsZ and bacterial tubulin, in a variety of nucleotide and polymerization states, have been reported in the past few years. These studies have revealed the similarities and differences between these structures and their possible functional implications. In particular, a two-state mechanism has been proposed for the recycling of alpha beta-tubulin during the microtubule disassembly-assembly cycle; this mechanism may be unique to eukaryotic dimeric tubulin and the microtubule structure. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Nogales, E (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM enogales@lbl.gov FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM051487] NR 44 TC 97 Z9 100 U1 2 U2 14 PU CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0959-440X J9 CURR OPIN STRUC BIOL JI Curr. Opin. Struct. Biol. PD APR PY 2006 VL 16 IS 2 BP 221 EP 229 DI 10.1016/j.sbi.2006.03.005 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 038PJ UT WOS:000237234500013 PM 16549346 ER PT J AU Nelson, R Eisenberg, D AF Nelson, R Eisenberg, D TI Recent atomic models of amyloid fibril structure SO CURRENT OPINION IN STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Review ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; SOLID-STATE NMR; WATER-FILLED NANOTUBES; BETA-SHEET STRUCTURE; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; FORMING PEPTIDE; PRION; PARALLEL; PROTEIN; DOMAIN AB Despite the difficulties associated with determining atomic-level structures for materials that are fibrous, structural biologists are making headway in understanding the architecture of amyloid-like fibrils. It has long been recognized that these fibrils contain a cross-beta spine, with beta-strands perpendicular to the fibril axis. Recently, atomic structures have been determined for some of these cross-beta spines, revealing a pair of beta-sheets mated closely together by intermeshing sidechains in what has been termed a steric zipper. To explain the conversion of proteins from soluble to fibrous forms, several types of models have been proposed: refolding, natively disordered and gain of interaction. The gain-of-interaction models may additionally be subdivided into direct stacking, cross-beta spine, three-dimensional domain swapping and three-dimensional domain swapping with a cross-beta spine. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Howard Hughes Med Inst, DOE Inst Genom & Proteom, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Eisenberg, D (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Howard Hughes Med Inst, DOE Inst Genom & Proteom, Box 951570, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM david@mbi.ucia.edu FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM0-31299] NR 49 TC 226 Z9 234 U1 7 U2 56 PU CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0959-440X J9 CURR OPIN STRUC BIOL JI Curr. Opin. Struct. Biol. PD APR PY 2006 VL 16 IS 2 BP 260 EP 265 DI 10.1016/j.sbi.2006.03.007 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 038PJ UT WOS:000237234500018 PM 16563741 ER PT J AU Vikharev, AL Gorbachev, AM Kozlov, AV Koldanov, VA Litvak, AG Ovechkin, NM Radishev, DB Bykov, YV Caplan, M AF Vikharev, A. L. Gorbachev, A. M. Kozlov, A. V. Koldanov, V. A. Litvak, A. G. Ovechkin, N. M. Radishev, D. B. Bykov, Yu. V. Caplan, M. TI Diamond films grown by millimeter wave plasma-assisted CVD reactor SO DIAMOND AND RELATED MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th European Conference on Diamond, Diamond-Like Materials, Carbon Nanotubes, and Nitrides CY SEP 11-16, 2005 CL Toulouse, FRANCE DE diamond growth and characterization; microwave plasma; CVD; reactor design; millimeter waves ID DISCHARGES; DEPOSITION AB Polycrystalline diamond films are deposited in a novel MPACVD reactor based on 10 kW gyrotron operating at frequency 30 GHz. The influence of increasing the operating frequency of microwaves in CVD reactor that exceeds the conventionally used frequency 2.45 GHz on diamond deposition process is discussed. Polycrystalline diamond films are grown on silicon substrates with 60-90 mm diameter. The growth rate of diamond films, their quality and morphology at wide variation of process parameters (gas pressure, substrate temperature, microwave power, methane and argon concentrations) in gas mixture Ar/H-2/CH4 are investigated. High growth rates up to 9 mu m/h are obtained. The results of the diamond growth in 2.45 and 30 GHz MPACVD reactors are compared. The growth rate of diamond films in the 30 GHz reactor is shown to be 5 times greater than the growth rate in the 2.45 GHz reactor under identical process parameters. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V All rights reserved. C1 RAS, Inst Appl Phys, Nizhnii Novgorod 603155, Russia. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Vikharev, AL (reprint author), RAS, Inst Appl Phys, 46 Ulyanov Str, Nizhnii Novgorod 603155, Russia. EM val@appl.sci-nnov.ruval NR 14 TC 22 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-9635 J9 DIAM RELAT MATER JI Diam. Relat. Mat. PD APR-AUG PY 2006 VL 15 IS 4-8 SI SI BP 502 EP 507 DI 10.1016/j.diamond.2005.10.044 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 065JU UT WOS:000239157000009 ER PT J AU Nesladek, M Tromson, D Bergonzo, P Hubik, P Mares, JJ Kristofik, J Kindl, D Williams, OA Gruen, D AF Nesladek, M. Tromson, D. Bergonzo, P. Hubik, P. Mares, J. J. Kristofik, J. Kindl, D. Williams, O. A. Gruen, D. TI Low-temperature magnetoresistance study of electrical transport in N- and B-doped ultrananocrystalline and nanocrystalline diamond films SO DIAMOND AND RELATED MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th European Conference on Diamond, Diamond-Like Materials, Carbon Nanotubes, and Nitrides CY SEP 11-16, 2005 CL Toulouse, FRANCE DE U-NCD; NCD; doping; low-temperature transport; weak localisation ID THIN-FILMS; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AB In this paper, we discuss the transport mechanism in nitrogen-doped ultrananocrystalline (N-UNCD) and B-doped nanocrystalline (B-NCD) diamond thin films, which have recently attracted significant attention due to possible applications in electronics and bioelectronics. We present clear evidence that the transport in UNCD films at LHeT has low-dimensional quantum character and can be explained by a weak localisation (WL) model. Our model explains the negative magnetoresistance, observed in these films for the first time, and confirms the WL phenomena. For comparison, we have prepared thin B-NCD films, doped by B using TMB. Films with thickness of about 150 nm deposited on glass wafers are fully transparent and highly conductive. B-concentrations close to the Metal Insulating Transition (MIT) are confirmed by Raman measurements. We discuss the positive magnetoresistance data observed also for the first time in B-NCD films and compare the transport mechanism with UNCD films. (c) 2006 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 CEA Saclay, LIST, Rech Technol, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Acad Sci Czech Republ, Inst Phys, Prague 16253 6, Czech Republic. Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Nesladek, M (reprint author), CEA Saclay, LIST, Rech Technol, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. EM milos.nesladek@cea.de RI Williams, Oliver/B-2776-2009; Kindl, Dobroslav/G-6724-2014; Kristofik, Jozef/H-1357-2014; Mares, Jiri/H-2856-2014; Hubik, Pavel/F-8587-2014; Bergonzo, Philippe/A-6567-2015; OI Mares, Jiri/0000-0002-1669-724X; Hubik, Pavel/0000-0002-7321-8858; Bergonzo, Philippe/0000-0002-0647-9134; Williams, Oliver/0000-0002-7210-3004 NR 18 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-9635 J9 DIAM RELAT MATER JI Diam. Relat. Mat. PD APR-AUG PY 2006 VL 15 IS 4-8 SI SI BP 607 EP 613 DI 10.1016/j.diamond.2005.11.001 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 065JU UT WOS:000239157000031 ER PT J AU Matrab, T Chehimi, MM Boudou, JP Benedic, F Wang, J Naguib, NN Carlisle, JA AF Matrab, T. Chehimi, M. M. Boudou, J. P. Benedic, F. Wang, J. Naguib, N. N. Carlisle, J. A. TI Surface functionalization of ultrananocrystalline diamond using atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) initiated by electro-grafted aryldiazonium salts SO DIAMOND AND RELATED MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th European Conference on Diamond, Diamond-Like Materials, Carbon Nanotubes, and Nitrides CY SEP 11-16, 2005 CL Toulouse, FRANCE DE ATRP; diazonium salts; polymer brushes; ultrananocrystalline diamond (UNCD); protein adsorption ID HYDROGEN-TERMINATED DIAMOND; NANOCRYSTALLINE DIAMOND; CHEMICAL-MODIFICATION; DIAZONIUM SALTS; CARBON-FILMS; BRUSHES; WETTABILITY; TEMPERATURE; PROTEINS; GROWTH AB The integration of organic adlayers with diamond surfaces imparts many new properties to diamond materials, including lubrication, optical response.. chemical sensing, and biocompatibility. The development of new immobilization chemistries is required in which organic layers are covalently attached to the diamond surface. Poly(methyl methacrylate) and polystyrene brushes (PMMA, PS, respectively) were grown from the surfaces of ultrananocrystalline diamond (UNCD) thin films that were modified by the electrochemical reduction of the diazonium salt BF4-,+N2-C6H4-CH(CH3)-Br. The grafted -C6H4-CH(CH3)-Br species were effective in promoting surface initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP) of the vinyl monomers. Attempts to perform SI-ATRP from undoped diamond films produced by microwave plasma assisted chemical vapour deposition (MPACVD) process was rather unsuccesful due to a very low extent of electrochemical modification by the brominated aryl diazonium salts. The formation of the polymer brushes was confirmed by XPS. The polymer brushes were further evaluated as adsorbents for human serum albumin (HSA) used as a model protein. Protein adsorption decreased in the order PS > PMMA, that is the decreasing trend of hydrophobic character. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Paris 07, CNRS, UMR 7086, ITODYS, F-75005 Paris, France. Univ Paris 06, UMR 7618, F-75252 Paris 05, France. Univ Paris 13, LIMHP, CNRS, UPR 1311, F-93430 Villetaneuse, France. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Chehimi, MM (reprint author), Univ Paris 07, CNRS, UMR 7086, ITODYS, 1 Rue Guy de la Brosse, F-75005 Paris, France. EM chehimi@paris7.jussieu.fr NR 42 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 5 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-9635 J9 DIAM RELAT MATER JI Diam. Relat. Mat. PD APR-AUG PY 2006 VL 15 IS 4-8 SI SI BP 639 EP 644 DI 10.1016/j.diamond.2005.11.024 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 065JU UT WOS:000239157000038 ER PT J AU Williams, OA Daenen, M D'Haen, J Haenen, K Maes, J Moshchalkov, VV Nesladek, M Gruen, DM AF Williams, O. A. Daenen, M. D'Haen, J. Haenen, K. Maes, J. Moshchalkov, V. V. Nesladek, M. Gruen, D. M. TI Comparison of the growth and properties of ultrananocrystalline diamond and nanocrystalline diamond SO DIAMOND AND RELATED MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th European Conference on Diamond, Diamond-Like Materials, Carbon Nanotubes, and Nitrides CY SEP 11-16, 2005 CL Toulouse, FRANCE DE nanocrystalline; chemical vapour deposition; microstructure ID CARBON DIMER; FILMS; PLASMAS; MEMS AB In this paper we compare and contrast the growth and properties of ultrananocrystalline (UNCD) and nanocrystalline (NCD) diamond. These two structures, grown from hydrogen poor and hydrogen rich plasmas, respectively, have markedly different structural properties. We characterise the plasmas used for growth with in situ optical emission spectroscopy and dual wavelength pyrometry. The films are characterised with scanning electron microscopy in both plan view and cross section. Raman spectroscopy was used to investigate bonding. Finally we make a clear definition of these two different microstructures. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Hasselt Univ, Inst Mat Res, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium. IMEC, Div IMOMEC, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium. Katholieke Univ Leuven, Lab Solid State Phys & Magnetism, Pulsed Field Grp, B-3001 Louvain, Belgium. Argonne Natl Lab, Mat Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Williams, OA (reprint author), Hasselt Univ, Inst Mat Res, Wetenschapspk 1, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium. EM oliverwilliams@mac.com RI Daenen, Michael/A-5605-2008; Williams, Oliver/B-2776-2009; Haenen, Ken/G-8783-2011; Moshchalkov, Victor/I-7232-2013; D'Haen, Jan/K-1938-2016; OI Daenen, Michael/0000-0002-9221-4932; Haenen, Ken/0000-0001-6711-7367; Williams, Oliver/0000-0002-7210-3004 NR 16 TC 99 Z9 103 U1 1 U2 38 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-9635 J9 DIAM RELAT MATER JI Diam. Relat. Mat. PD APR-AUG PY 2006 VL 15 IS 4-8 SI SI BP 654 EP 658 DI 10.1016/j.diamond.2005.12.009 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 065JU UT WOS:000239157000041 ER PT J AU Aggadi, N Arnas, C Benedic, F Dominique, C Duten, X Silva, F Hassouni, K Gruen, DM AF Aggadi, N. Arnas, C. Benedic, F. Dominique, C. Duten, X. Silva, F. Hassouni, K. Gruen, D. M. TI Structural and chemical characterisation of soot particles formed in Ar/H-2/CH4 microwave discharges during nanocrystalline diamond film synthesis SO DIAMOND AND RELATED MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th European Conference on Diamond, Diamond-Like Materials, Carbon Nanotubes, and Nitrides CY SEP 11-16, 2005 CL Toulouse, FRANCE DE nanocrystalline diamond; plasma CVD; soot; microstructure ID INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; VAPOR-DEPOSITION; THIN-FILMS; PLASMA; GROWTH; TEMPERATURE; DIAGNOSTICS; ACETYLENE; FLAMES; GAS AB The structural and chemical analysis of the soot particles produced in a bell jar reactor under Ar/H-2/CH4 microwave discharges employed for nanocrystalline diamond film synthesis is carried out. SEM, TEM and HRTEM investigations show that the soot is mainly composed of polyhedral graphite particles of roughly 100 nm in size and of smaller particles of the same carbon structure, embedded in graphite crumpled sheets. Spheroid-shape particles of larger size (> 1 mu m), formed of graphite-like foils, are also observed. Amorphous-like states in the form of polyaromatic and aliphatic units are noticed. IR absorption spectroscopy evidences the presence of sp(3) aliphatic compounds and of sp(2) alkene groups containing chains (trans-polyacetylene). Small polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are also evidenced in the soot internal structure with this technique. This is in good agreement with the gas chromatography analysis of the soluble organic fraction containing soot, which exhibits the presence of PAH molecules with 2, 3 and 4 aromatic rings. Their presence is consistent with thermochemical Ar/H-2/CH4 plasma models taking into account the soot formation following homogeneous ways, which partly supports some of the growth mechanisms previously proposed for the soot particles. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V All rights reserved. C1 Univ Paris 13, CNRS, UPR 1311, Lab Ingn Mat & Hautes Press, F-93430 Villetaneuse, France. Univ Aix Marseille 1, Fac Sci St Jerome, Lab Phys Interact Ion & Mol, F-13397 Marseille 20, France. Argonne Natl Lab, Mat Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Benedic, F (reprint author), Univ Paris 13, CNRS, UPR 1311, Lab Ingn Mat & Hautes Press, 99 Av JB Clement, F-93430 Villetaneuse, France. EM benedic@limhp.univ-paris13.fr NR 29 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-9635 J9 DIAM RELAT MATER JI Diam. Relat. Mat. PD APR-AUG PY 2006 VL 15 IS 4-8 SI SI BP 908 EP 912 DI 10.1016/j.diamond.2005.11.044 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 065JU UT WOS:000239157000093 ER PT J AU Zhou, SX Zhou, H Walian, PJ Jap, BK AF Zhou, SX Zhou, H Walian, PJ Jap, BK TI The discovery and role of CD147 as a subunit of gamma-secretase complex SO DRUG NEWS & PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article ID AMYLOID-BETA-PEPTIDE; NONSTEROIDAL ANTIINFLAMMATORY DRUGS; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE PATIENTS; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; IMMUNOGLOBULIN SUPERFAMILY; INTRACELLULAR DOMAIN; CELL-SURFACE; A-BETA; INTRAMEMBRANE PROTEOLYSIS; PRESENILIN COFACTORS AB gamma-Secretase is a membrane protein complex with unusual aspartyl protease activity that cleaves a variety of type I transmembrane proteins, such as APP Notch and E-cadherin, within their transmembranous regions. gamma-Secretase was first recognized because of its role in the production of A beta peptides that are pathogenic in Alzheimer's disease. There is overwhelming evidence demonstrating that four components, presenilin, nicastrin, APH-1 and PEN-2, are necessary and sufficient for gamma-secretase activity. However, based on the findings of studies conducted on cells overexpressing these four components, the existence of regulatory components of the gamma-secretase complex has been postulated. Recently, an additional subunit of the gamma-secretase complex, membrane protein CD147, has been identified through the purification and characterization of endogenous complexes from HeLa cell membranes. Removal of CD147 from gamma-secretase complexes increases the production of A beta-peptides. Elucidating the molecular mechanism by which CD147 exerts its effect on the activity of the gamma-secretase complex will help us to further understand the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease, and may allow for the development of novel therapeutics. (c) 2006 Prous Science. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Zhou, SX (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM bkjap@lbl.gov FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM070511] NR 63 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 1 PU PROUS SCIENCE, SA PI BARCELONA PA PO BOX 540, PROVENZA 388, 08025 BARCELONA, SPAIN SN 0214-0934 J9 DRUG NEWS PERSPECT JI Drug News Perspect. PD APR PY 2006 VL 19 IS 3 BP 133 EP 138 DI 10.1358/dnp.2006.19.3.985932 PG 6 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 056IW UT WOS:000238517100001 PM 16804564 ER PT J AU Gering, KL AF Gering, KL TI Prediction of electrolyte viscosity for aqueous and non-aqueous systems: Results from a molecular model based on ion solvation and a chemical physics framework SO ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE electrolyte; viscosity; ion solvation; multi-solvent; lithium ID EQUILIBRIUM STATISTICAL MECHANICS; BINARY SOLVENT SYSTEMS; PROPYLENE CARBONATE; ETHYLENE CARBONATE; LITHIUM-SALTS; RAMAN; ASSOCIATION; MIXTURES; CONDUCTIVITY; SPECTROSCOPY AB Electrolyte viscosity is a macroscopic property, although its foundation lies on molecular-scale interactions between solvent and ionic species. A comprehensive understanding of viscosity behavior with respect to solvent composition, salt concentration and temperature is only possible with correct interpretations of molecular interactions and related quantities. This work introduces a new methodology for predicting electrolyte viscosity under a wide range of conditions, based on molecular, physical, and chemical properties. The general formalism is universal for aqueous and non-aqueous systems alike. Although the immediate application of the resultant model is candidate electrolytes for lithium ion batteries, other applications abound in the areas of industrial fluids, biological systems, and other electrochemical systems whose performance characteristics are tied to viscosity. Viscosity predictions are compared to experimental data for a number of electrolytes, demonstrating exceptional accuracy of predictions over wide temperature ranges and broad ranges of salt concentration. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Idaho Natl Engn Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Gering, KL (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM kevin.gering@inl.gov NR 52 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 3 U2 30 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0013-4686 J9 ELECTROCHIM ACTA JI Electrochim. Acta PD APR 1 PY 2006 VL 51 IS 15 BP 3125 EP 3138 DI 10.1016/j.electacta.2005.09.011 PG 14 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA 033KF UT WOS:000236845200019 ER PT J AU Bolinger, M Wiser, R Golove, W AF Bolinger, M Wiser, R Golove, W TI Accounting for fuel price risk when comparing renewable to gas-fired generation: the role of forward natural gas prices SO ENERGY POLICY LA English DT Article DE renewable energy; fuel price risk; natural gas ID NORMAL BACKWARDATION; STOCK-MARKET; FUTURES; SPECULATORS; RETURNS; SHOCKS; SPOT AB Unlike natural gas-fired generation, renewable generation (e.g., from wind, solar, and geothermal power) is largely immune to fuel price risk. If ratepayers are rational and value long-term price stability, then-contrary to common practice-any comparison of the levelized cost of renewable to gas-fired generation should be based on a hedged gas price input, rather than an uncertain gas price forecast. This paper compares natural gas prices that can be locked in through futures, swaps, and physical supply contracts to contemporaneous long-term forecasts of spot gas prices. We find that from 2000 to 2003, forward gas prices for terms of 2-10 years have been considerably higher than most contemporaneous long-term gas price forecasts. This difference is striking, and implies that comparisons between renewable and gas-fired generation based on these forecasts over this period have arguably yielded results that are biased in favor of gas-fired generation. (c) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Bolinger, M (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, 105 N Thetford Rd, Lyme, NH 03768 USA. EM mabolinger@lbl.gov NR 45 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0301-4215 J9 ENERG POLICY JI Energy Policy PD APR PY 2006 VL 34 IS 6 BP 706 EP 720 DI 10.1016/j.enpol.2004.07.008 PG 15 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 016VQ UT WOS:000235649300006 ER PT J AU Chen, CH Wang, BY Fu, QY Green, C Streets, DG AF Chen, CH Wang, BY Fu, QY Green, C Streets, DG TI Reductions in emissions of local air pollutants and co-benefits of Chinese energy policy: a Shanghai case study SO ENERGY POLICY LA English DT Article DE MARKAL; local air pollution; CO2 emissions ID HEALTH-BENEFITS; POLLUTION AB To better understand the reductions in local air pollution that will result from the implementation of current Chinese energy policy, as well as the co-benefit for greenhouse-gas emission reductions, a Shanghai case study was conducted. The MARKAL model was used to forecast energy consumption and emissions of local air pollutants under different energy policy scenarios and also to analyze the associated reductions in CO2 emissions. The results show that energy policies in Shanghai will significantly reduce SO2 and PM10 emissions and will also achieve the co-benefit of mitigating the increase of CO2 emissions. In energy policy scenarios, SO2 emissions during the period 2000-2020 will maintain the same level as in 2000; and the annual rate of increase of CO2 emissions will be reduced to 1.1-1.2%, compared with 2.7% under a business-as-usual scenario. The problem for the future will be NOx emissions. which are projected to increase by 60-70% by 2020, due to expansion of the transportation system. (c) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Shanghai Acad Environm Sci, Shanghai 200233, Peoples R China. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Washington, DC 20024 USA. RP Streets, DG (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave,DIS 900, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM dstreets@anl.gov OI Streets, David/0000-0002-0223-1350 NR 21 TC 34 Z9 37 U1 3 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0301-4215 J9 ENERG POLICY JI Energy Policy PD APR PY 2006 VL 34 IS 6 BP 754 EP 762 DI 10.1016/j.enpol.2004.07.007 PG 9 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 016VQ UT WOS:000235649300010 ER PT J AU Wyrobek, AJ Preston, RJ Mendelsohn, M AF Wyrobek, AJ Preston, RJ Mendelsohn, M TI In memory of Anthony "'Tony" Carrano SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Biographical-Item C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. US EPA, Off Res & Dev, NHEERL, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Wyrobek, AJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0893-6692 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PD APR PY 2006 VL 47 IS 3 BP 147 EP 149 DI 10.1002/em.20207 PG 3 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 027XE UT WOS:000236448600001 ER PT J AU Aden, NT Sinton, JE AF Aden, NT Sinton, JE TI Environmental implications of energy policy in China SO ENVIRONMENTAL POLITICS LA English DT Article AB Acquiring and using energy damages the environment more than almost any other set of human activities. However, increased energy usage does not necessarily lead to environmental degradation. As China's energy system undergoes sporadic bouts of market liberalisation, decentralisation, internationalisation, and urbanisation, governance plays an important role in influencing environmental outcomes. A review of institutional reforms since 1978, focusing on coal, hydropower, and rural energy, illustrates the role of government policy, implementation, and institutions in augmenting and abating the environmental degradation that can accompany expanded energy usage. This article explores the interaction between energy, governance, and the environment in China, and identifies key variables that can influence the environmental impacts of future energy usage. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Aden, NT (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, 1 Cyclotron Rd,90R4000, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM ntaden@lbl.gov NR 31 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 8 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 0964-4016 J9 ENVIRON POLIT JI Environ. Polit. PD APR PY 2006 VL 15 IS 2 BP 248 EP 270 DI 10.1080/09644010600562542 PG 23 WC Environmental Studies; Political Science SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Government & Law GA 038RW UT WOS:000237241900006 ER PT J AU Fair, JM Heikoop, JA AF Fair, JM Heikoop, JA TI Stable isotope dynamics of nitrogen sewage effluent uptake in a semi-arid wetland SO ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION LA English DT Article DE PCBs; wetland; stable isotope; effluent; birds; nitrogen ID TROPHIC POSITION; FOOD-WEB; DELTA-N-15; RATIOS; CARBON; DELTA-C-13; FEATHERS; N-15; PCB; BIOMAGNIFICATION AB Our objectives were to determine (1) how much N is transferred into the food web via plants from a wetland receiving not only inputs of treated sewage effluent, but also containing contaminants such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), (2) how birds, as consumers, utilize exogenous N and uptake PCBs in relation to the food web of the wetlands, (3) the feasibility of using isotopic analysis in estimating trophic levels in a semi-arid system. Our results demonstrate that there is very high spatial variability in the N isotopic composition of primary producers. Birds had lower variability in delta N-15, despite feeding at multiple trophic levels. In very high spatial variability in delta N-15 of primary producers, it is difficult to use N isotope techniques to define trophic levels relevant to the bioaccumulation of organic pollutants, but it is possible to track the flow of exogenous N through the food web. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Earth & Environm Sci Div, Hydrol Geochem & Geol Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Fair, JM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Earth & Environm Sci Div, Hydrol Geochem & Geol Grp, MS J495,MS D462, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM jmfair@lanl.gov; jheikoop@lanl.gov RI Heikoop, Jeffrey/C-1163-2011; OI Heikoop, Jeffrey/0000-0001-7648-3385 NR 30 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0269-7491 J9 ENVIRON POLLUT JI Environ. Pollut. PD APR PY 2006 VL 140 IS 3 BP 500 EP 505 DI 10.1016/j.envpol.2005.08.005 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 027JE UT WOS:000236410800014 PM 16213073 ER PT J AU Streets, DG Yu, C Bergin, MH Wang, XM Carmichael, GR AF Streets, DG Yu, C Bergin, MH Wang, XM Carmichael, GR TI Modeling study of air pollution due to the manufacture of export goods in China's Pearl River Delta SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HONG-KONG; SEASONAL CHARACTERISTICS; EMISSION SOURCES; ORGANIC-CARBON; TRACE-P; TRANSPORT; OZONE; REGION; QUALITY; IMPACTS AB The Pearl River Delta is a major manufacturing region on the south coast of China that produces more than $100 billion of goods annually for export to North America, Europe, and other parts of Asia. Considerable air pollution is caused by the manufacturing industries themselves and by the power plants, trucks, and ships that support them. We estimate that 10-40% of emissions of primary SO2, NOx, RSP, and VOC in the region are caused by export-related activities. Using the STEM-2K1 atmospheric transport model, we estimate that these emissions contribute 5-30% of the ambient concentrations Of SO2, NOx, NOz, and VOC in the region. One reason that the exported goods are cheap and therefore attractive to consumers in developed countries is that emission controls are lacking or of low performance. We estimate that state-of-the-art controls could be installed at an annualized cost of $0.3-3 billion, representing 0.3-3% of the value of the goods produced. We conclude that mitigation measures could be adopted without seriously affecting the prices of exported goods and would achieve considerable human health and other benefits in the form of reduced air pollutant concentrations in densely populated urban areas. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Decis & Informat Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. Univ Iowa, Ctr Global & Reg Environm Res, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Zhongshan Univ, Dept Environm Sci, Guangzhou 510275, Peoples R China. RP Argonne Natl Lab, Decis & Informat Sci Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM dstreets@anl.gov RI Wang, Xuemei/B-4521-2012; OI Streets, David/0000-0002-0223-1350 NR 21 TC 58 Z9 61 U1 2 U2 18 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD APR 1 PY 2006 VL 40 IS 7 BP 2099 EP 2107 DI 10.1021/es051275n PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 031GC UT WOS:000236691600019 PM 16646439 ER PT J AU Kelly, SD Rasbury, ET Chattopadhyay, S Kropf, AJ Kemner, KM AF Kelly, SD Rasbury, ET Chattopadhyay, S Kropf, AJ Kemner, KM TI Evidence of a stable uranyl site in ancient organic-rich calcite SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RAY-ABSORPTION-SPECTROSCOPY; PEDOGENIC CARBONATE; URANIUM; U(VI); REDUCTION; SEDIMENTATION; LUMINESCENCE; DEPOSITS; XAFS; AGES AB The mechanism of uranium (U) incorporation into calcite (calcium carbonate) is of fundamental importance to the fate and transport of U at the surface and in the shallow subsurface and has implications for (a) the accuracy of U-Pb and U-series isotope ratio methods used to determine the ages of ancient deposits and (b) potential remediation strategies based on sequestration of U in the subsurface. Extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy is uniquely suited to the study of U-calcite systems. The sensitivity of the EXAFS spectrum to the local atomic Ca coordination about U(VI) in the calcite structure results in an increase in the number and amplitude of Ca signals as the U(VI) becomes more ordered within the crystal structure. Our X-ray microprobe (10-mu m) measurements of an ancient 298 million-year-old organic-rich calcite (calcrete) clearly revealed three coordination shells of Ca atoms, defining a well-ordered calcite structure about uranyl to a distance of similar to 6.5 angstrom. These results indicate that uranyl is incorporated at the Ca2+ site in calcite and that the uranyl environment may evolve over longtime scales, becoming more calcite-like and more stable for long-term sequestration of uranium. These results therefore validate U-related dating methods and show that calcite can be effective at sequestering U in vadose zone sediments. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. RP Kelly, SD (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM skelly@anl.gov RI ID, MRCAT/G-7586-2011 NR 35 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 5 U2 23 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD APR 1 PY 2006 VL 40 IS 7 BP 2262 EP 2268 DI 10.1021/es051970v PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 031GC UT WOS:000236691600042 PM 16646462 ER PT J AU Garrido, F Illera, V Campbell, CG Garcia-Gonzalez, MT AF Garrido, F Illera, V Campbell, CG Garcia-Gonzalez, MT TI Regulating the mobility of Cd, Cu and Pb in an acid soil with amendments of phosphogypsum, sugar foam, and phosphoric rock SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SOIL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID INDUSTRIAL BY-PRODUCTS; CONTAMINATED SOIL; MINERALOGICAL IMPLICATIONS; METAL SOLUBILITY; IMMOBILIZATION; PHOSPHATE; SEDIMENTS; SORPTION; AL; BIOAVAILABILITY AB When acid soil has been contaminated by metals as a result of industrial discharges, accidental spills, or acid mine drainage it may be desirable to retain the metals in the soil rather than allow them to leach away. We have investigated the potential of phosphogypsum (PG), sugar foam (SF), and phosphoric rock (PR) to regulate the availability and mobility of Pb, Cd and Cu. We have also identified changes in attenuation during incubation for 1 year and the effect of aging on metal speciation in amended soils. We studied miscible displacement in columns of undisturbed soil previously treated with solutions of the amendments and soluble metals and, subsequently, single and sequential chemical metal extractions. All amendments increased the soil's metal retention capacity. This, in turn, increased the amount of metal extractable by diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA). However, over time the amounts of DTPA-extractable metal decreased, particularly for Cu and Pb. Both Cu and Cd were held preferentially within the acetic acid-extractable fraction (operationally defined exchangeable fraction - EX fraction), whereas Pb was associated mainly with the hydroxylammonium-extractable fraction (operationally defined bound to Fe and Al hydroxides - OX fraction). Both Pb and Cu in the oxide and organic fractions increased in the PG- and SF-treated soils. In general, the distribution of metal did not change in the PR-treated columns after the incubation. Finally, scanning electron microscopy in back-scattered electron mode (SEM-BSE) showed the formation of Al-hydroxy polymers which provides the soils with additional cation sorption capacity. In the PG- and PR-treated columns, P and S were associated with these formations. The three metals were associated with the Al polymers, probably through direct coordination or the formation of ternary complexes with the inorganic ligands phosphate and sulphate. C1 CSIC, Ctr ciencias Medioambientales, E-28006 Madrid, Spain. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Garrido, F (reprint author), CSIC, Ctr ciencias Medioambientales, Serrano 115 Dpdo, E-28006 Madrid, Spain. EM fernando.garrido@ccma.csic.es RI Garrido, Fernando/H-9868-2012; Garrido, Fernando/J-5602-2014 NR 36 TC 22 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 7 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1351-0754 J9 EUR J SOIL SCI JI Eur. J. Soil Sci. PD APR PY 2006 VL 57 IS 2 BP 95 EP 105 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2389.2005.00719.x PG 11 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 024DS UT WOS:000236175800002 ER PT J AU Aguilar-Saavedra, JA Ali, A Allanach, BC Arnowitt, R Baer, HA Bagger, JA Balazs, C Barger, V Barnett, M Bartl, A Battaglia, M Bechtle, P Belanger, G Belyaev, A Berger, EL Blair, G Boos, E Carena, M Choi, SY Deppisch, F De Roeckl, A Deschl, K Diaz, MA Djouadil, A Dutta, B Dutta, S Eberl, H Ellis, J Erler, J Fraas, H Freitas, A Fritzsche, T Godbole, PM Gounaris, GJ Guasch, J Gunion, J Haba, N Haber, HE Hagiwara, K Han, L Hang, T He, HJ Heinemeyer, S Hesselbach, S Hidaka, K Hinchliffe, I Hirsch, M Hohenwarter-Sodekl, K Hollik, W Hou, WS Hurth, T Jack, I Jiang, Y Jones, DRT Kalinowski, J Kamon, T Kane, G Kang, SK Kernreiter, T Kilian, W Kim, CS King, SF Kittel, O Klasen, M Kneur, JL Kovarik, K Kramer, M Kraml, S Lafaye, R Langacker, P Logan, HE Ma, WG Majerotto, W Martyn, HU Matchev, K Miller, DJ Mondragon, M Moortgat-Pick, G Moretti, S Mori, T Moultaka, G Muanza, S Muhlleitner, MM Mukhopadhyaya, B Nauenberg, U Nojiri, MM Nomura, D Nowak, H Okada, N Olive, KA Oller, W Peskin, M Pehn, T Polesello, G Porod, W Quevedo, F Rainwater, D Reuter, J Richardson, P Rolbieckid, K Roy, P Ruckl, R Rzehak, H Schleper, P Siyeon, K Skands, P Slavich, P Stockinger, D Sphicas, P Spira, M Tait, T Tovey, DR Valle, JWF Wagner, CEM Weber, C Weiglein, G Wienemann, P Xing, ZZ Yamada, Y Yang, JM Zerwas, D Zerwas, PM Zhang, RY Zhang, X Zhu, SH AF Aguilar-Saavedra, J. A. Ali, A. Allanach, B. C. Arnowitt, R. Baer, H. A. Bagger, J. A. Balazs, C. Barger, V. Barnett, M. Bartl, A. Battaglia, M. Bechtle, P. Belanger, G. Belyaev, A. Berger, E. L. Blair, G. Boos, E. Carena, M. Choi, S. Y. Deppisch, F. De Roeckl, A. Deschl, K. Diaz, M. A. Djouadil, A. Dutta, B. Dutta, S. Eberl, H. Ellis, J. Erler, J. Fraas, H. Freitas, A. Fritzsche, T. Godbole, P. M. Gounaris, G. J. Guasch, J. Gunion, J. Haba, N. Haber, H. E. Hagiwara, K. Han, L. Hang, T. He, H. -J. Heinemeyer, S. Hesselbach, S. Hidaka, K. Hinchliffe, I. Hirsch, M. Hohenwarter-Sodekl, K. Hollik, W. Hou, W. S. Hurth, T. Jack, I. Jiang, Y. Jones, D. R. T. Kalinowski, J. Kamon, T. Kane, G. Kang, S. K. Kernreiter, T. Kilian, W. Kim, C. S. King, S. F. Kittel, O. Klasen, M. Kneur, J. -L. Kovarik, K. Kramer, M. Kraml, S. Lafaye, R. Langacker, P. Logan, H. E. Ma, W. -G. Majerotto, W. Martyn, H. -U. Matchev, K. Miller, D. J. Mondragon, M. Moortgat-Pick, G. Moretti, S. Mori, T. Moultaka, G. Muanza, S. Muehlleitner, M. M. Mukhopadhyaya, B. Nauenberg, U. Nojiri, M. M. Nomura, D. Nowak, H. Okada, N. Olive, K. A. Oller, W. Peskin, M. Pehn, T. Polesello, G. Porod, W. Quevedo, F. Rainwater, D. Reuter, J. Richardson, P. Rolbieckid, K. Roy, P. Ruckl, R. Rzehak, H. Schleper, P. Siyeon, K. Skands, P. Slavich, P. Stockinger, D. Sphicas, P. Spira, M. Tait, T. Tovey, D. R. Valle, J. W. F. Wagner, C. E. M. Weber, Ch. Weiglein, G. Wienemann, P. Xing, Z. -Z. Yamada, Y. Yang, J. M. Zerwas, D. Zerwas, P. M. Zhang, R. -Y. Zhang, X. Zhu, S. -H. TI Supersymmetry parameter analysis: SPA convention and project SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Review ID E(+)E(-) LINEAR COLLIDERS; PROBE WMAP OBSERVATIONS; ONE-LOOP CORRECTIONS; EVEN HIGGS BOSONS; STANDARD MODEL; HADRON COLLIDERS; DIMENSIONAL REGULARIZATION; PHYSICS OPPORTUNITIES; PARTICLE PHYSICS; PAIR PRODUCTION AB High-precision analyses of supersymmetry parameters aim at reconstructing the fundamental supersymmetric theory and its breaking mechanism. A well defined theoretical framework is needed when higher-order corrections are included. We propose such a scheme, Supersymmetry Parameter Analysis SPA, based on a consistent set of conventions and input parameters. A repository for computer programs is provided which connect parameters in different schemes and relate the Lagrangian parameters to physical observables at LHC and high energy e(+)e(-) linear collider experiments, i.e., masses, mixings, decay widths and production cross sections for supersymmetric particles. In addition, programs for calculating high-precision low energy observables, the density of cold dark matter (CDM) in the universe as well as the cross sections for CDM search experiments are included. The SPA scheme still requires extended efforts on both the theoretical and experimental side before data can be evaluated in the future at the level of the desired precision. We take here an initial step of testing the SPA scheme by applying the techniques involved to a specific supersymmetry reference point. C1 Inst Super Tecn, Dept Fis, Lisbon, Portugal. Inst Super Tecn, CFTP, Lisbon, Portugal. DESY, D-2000 Hamburg, Germany. Univ Cambridge, DAMTP, Cambridge, England. Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Florida State Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. Univ Vienna, Inst Theoret Phys, Vienna, Austria. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Phys Theor Lab, Annecy Le Vieux, France. Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Univ London Royal Holloway & Bedford New Coll, Egham TW20 0EX, Surrey, England. MSU, Skobeltsyn Inst Nucl Phys, Moscow, Russia. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Chonbuk Natl Univ, Dept Phys, Chonju, South Korea. CERN, PH Dept, Geneva, Switzerland. Univ Freiburg, Inst Phys, Freiburg, Germany. Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Dept Phys, Santiago, Chile. Univ Paris 11, CNRS, LAL, IN2P3, F-91405 Orsay, France. Univ Delhi, Delhi 110007, India. Austrian Acad Sci, Inst Hochenergiephys, A-1050 Vienna, Austria. Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Fis, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. Univ Wurzburg, Inst Theoret Phys & Astrophys, Wurzburg, Germany. Univ Zurich, Inst Theoret Phys, CH-8001 Zurich, Switzerland. Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. Indian Inst Sci, Ctr High Energy Phys, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India. Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Dept Theoret Phys, GR-54006 Thessaloniki, Greece. Univ Barcelona, Fac Fis, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Tokushima, Inst Theoret Phys, Tokushima 770, Japan. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. KEK, Div Theory, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. Univ Sci & Technol China, Dept Modern Phys, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. Tsinghua Univ, Inst Modern Phys, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. Tsinghua Univ, Ctr High Energy Phys, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. Uppsala Univ, Uppsala, Sweden. Tokyo Gakugei Univ, Dept Phys, Tokyo, Japan. CSIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular, Valencia, Spain. Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Phys, Taipei, Taiwan. Univ Liverpool, Dept Math Sci, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. Warsaw Univ, Inst Theoret Phys, Warsaw, Poland. Univ Michigan, MCTP, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Seoul Natl Univ, Sch Phys, Seoul, South Korea. Yonsei Univ, Dept Phys, Seoul 120749, South Korea. Univ Southampton, Sch Phys & Astron, Southampton, Hants, England. Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, D-5300 Bonn, Germany. Univ Grenoble 1, Lab Phys Subatom & Cosmol, Grenoble, France. Univ Montpellier 2, CNRS, LPTA, IN2P3, Montpellier, France. Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Theoret Phys, D-5100 Aachen, Germany. Phys Particules Lab, Annecy Le Vieux, France. Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Carleton Univ, Dept Phys, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada. Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 1, D-5100 Aachen, Germany. Univ Florida, Dept Phys, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Univ Glasgow, Dept Phys & Astron, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland. Univ Tokyo, ICEPP, Tokyo, Japan. IPN Univ Lyon, CNRS, IN2P3, Lyon, France. Harish Chandra Res Inst, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, India. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Kyoto Univ, Yukawa Inst Theoret Phys, Kyoto 606, Japan. DESY, Zeuthen, Germany. Univ Minnesota, Willian I Fine Theoret Phys Inst, Minneapolis, MN USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. Univ Durham, IPPP, Durham, England. Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Bombay 400005, Maharashtra, India. Paul Scherrer Inst, Villigen, Switzerland. Univ Hamburg, Inst Expt Phys, Hamburg, Germany. Chung Ang Univ, Dept Phys, Seoul 156756, South Korea. Univ Sheffield, Dept Phys & Astron, Sheffield, S Yorkshire, England. Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Chinese Acad Sci, Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing, Peoples R China. Tohoku Univ, Dept Phys, Sendai, Miyagi 980, Japan. Peking Univ, Sch Phys, ITP, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. RP Aguilar-Saavedra, JA (reprint author), Inst Super Tecn, Dept Fis, Lisbon, Portugal. RI Boos, Eduard/D-9748-2012; Valle, Jose W.F./F-7573-2013; Hirsch, Martin/K-7605-2014; Belyaev, Alexander/F-6637-2015; Aguilar Saavedra, Juan Antonio/F-1256-2016; Guasch, Jaume/C-5040-2014; Rolbiecki, Krzysztof/A-5402-2017; OI Valle, Jose W.F./0000-0002-1881-5094; Olive, Keith/0000-0001-7201-5998; Allanach, Benjamin/0000-0003-4635-6830; Hirsch, Martin/0000-0001-6843-804X; Belyaev, Alexander/0000-0002-1733-4408; Aguilar Saavedra, Juan Antonio/0000-0002-5475-8920; Guasch, Jaume/0000-0001-9641-5355; Rolbiecki, Krzysztof/0000-0002-9645-9670; Peskin, Michael/0000-0001-6403-6828; rainwater, david/0000-0002-3668-4331; Han, Tao/0000-0002-5543-0716; Skands, Peter/0000-0003-0024-3822; Kim, Choong Sun/0000-0001-9477-8347; Rzehak, Heidi/0000-0003-2867-2629 NR 124 TC 221 Z9 221 U1 4 U2 40 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6044 EI 1434-6052 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD APR PY 2006 VL 46 IS 1 BP 43 EP 60 DI 10.1140/epjc/s2005-02460-1 PG 18 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 098YJ UT WOS:000241559400003 ER PT J AU Doring, M Ejiri, S Kaczmarek, O Karsch, F Laermann, E AF Doering, M. Ejiri, S. Kaczmarek, O. Karsch, F. Laermann, E. TI Screening of heavy quark free energies at finite temperature and non-zero baryon chemical potential SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Article ID QCD AB We analyze the dependence of heavy quark free energies on the baryon chemical potential mu(b) in 2-flavor QCD by performing a 6th order Taylor expansion in the chemical potential which circumvents the sign problem. The bare quark mass at (m) over cap /T = 0.4 corresponds to a pion mass of about 770 MeV and is thus not in the range of physical quark masses but the quark mass dependence is known. to be small above T-c. At N-tau = 4 the lattices are coarse, however, we are using improved (p4 staggered) fermions. The Taylor expansion coefficients of color singlet and color averaged free energies are calculated and from this the expansion coefficients for the corresponding screening masses are determined. We find that for small mu(b) the free energies of a static quark-antiquark pair decrease in a medium with a net excess of quarks and that screening is well described by a screening mass which increases with increasing mu(b). The mu(b)-dependent corrections to the screening masses are well described by perturbation theory for T greater than or similar to 2T(c). In particular, we find for all temperatures above T. that the expansion coefficients for singlet and color averaged screening masses differ by a factor 2. C1 Univ Bielefeld, Fak Phys, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. RP Doring, M (reprint author), Univ Bielefeld, Fak Phys, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany. RI Kaczmarek, Olaf/E-9932-2011 NR 18 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6044 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD APR PY 2006 VL 46 IS 1 BP 179 EP 189 DI 10.1140/epjc/s2005-02462-y PG 11 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 098YJ UT WOS:000241559400015 ER PT J AU Parsons, BF Strecker, KE Chandler, DW AF Parsons, BF Strecker, KE Chandler, DW TI Probing spin-orbit quenching in Cl(P-2)+H-2 via crossed molecular beam scattering SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL D LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Stereodynamics 2004 Conference CY 2004 CL Osaka, JAPAN ID THERMAL RATE-CONSTANT; REACTION DYNAMICS; F+H-2 REACTION; REACTIVITY; SECTIONS; F(P-2); ATOM AB In our previous work we investigated electronically non-adiabatic effects in Cl (P-2(3/2,1/2)) + D-2 using crossed molecular beam scattering coupled with velocity mapped ion imaging. The prior experiments placed limits on the cross-section for electronically non-adiabatic spin-orbit excitation Cl (P-2(3/2)) + D-2 -> Cl* (P-2(1/2))+ D-2 and electronically non-adiabatic spin-orbit quenching Cl* (P-2(1/2))+ D-2 -> Cl (P-2(3/2))+ D-2. In the present work, we investigate electronically non-adiabatic spin-orbit quenching for Cl* (P-2(1/2))+ H-2 which is the required first step for the reaction of Cl* to produce ground state HCl + H products. In these experiments we collide Cl (P-2) with H-2 at a series of fixed collision energies using a crossed molecular beam machine with velocity mapped ion imaging detection. Through an analysis of our ion images, we determine the fraction of electronically adiabatic scattering in Cl* + H2, which allows us to place limits on the cross-section for electronically non-adiabatic scattering or quenching. We determine the following quenching cross-sections sigma(quench) (2.1 kcal/mol) = 26 +/- 21 angstrom(2), sigma(quench) (4.0 kcal/mol) = 21 +/- 49 angstrom(2), and squench (5.6 kcal/mol) = 14 +/- 41 angstrom(2). C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Chandler, DW (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, 7011 E Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM chand@sandia.gov NR 25 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6060 J9 EUR PHYS J D JI Eur. Phys. J. D PD APR PY 2006 VL 38 IS 1 BP 15 EP 20 DI 10.1140/epjd/e2006-00018-2 PG 6 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 022CW UT WOS:000236033300003 ER PT J AU Brydon, PMR Gulacsi, M Bishop, AR AF Brydon, PMR Gulacsi, M Bishop, AR TI Electronic polarons in an extended Falicov-Kimball model SO EUROPHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MIXED-VALENCE MODEL; TRANSVERSE-FIELD; ISING-MODEL; RENORMALIZATION-GROUP; TRANSITIONS; BEHAVIOR AB We examine the one-dimensional spinless Falicov-Kimball model extended by a hybridization potential between the localized and itinerant electron states. Below half-filling we find a crossover from a mixed-valence metal to an integer-valence phase-separated state with increasing on-site Coulomb repulsion. This crossover regime is characterized by local competition between the strong- and weak-coupling behaviour, manifested by the formation of an electronic polaron liquid. A phase diagram is presented and discussed in detail. C1 Australian Natl Univ, Inst Adv Studies, Dept Theoret Phys, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Brydon, PMR (reprint author), Australian Natl Univ, Inst Adv Studies, Dept Theoret Phys, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0295-5075 J9 EUROPHYS LETT JI Europhys. Lett. PD APR PY 2006 VL 74 IS 1 BP 131 EP 137 DI 10.1209/epl/i2005-10509-0 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 024LR UT WOS:000236197000020 ER PT J AU Wille, HC Shvyd'ko, YV Alp, EE Ruter, HD Leupold, O Sergueev, I Ruffer, R Barla, A Sanchez, JP AF Wille, HC Shvyd'ko, YV Alp, EE Ruter, HD Leupold, O Sergueev, I Ruffer, R Barla, A Sanchez, JP TI Nuclear resonant forward scattering of synchrotron radiation from Sb-121 at 37.13 keV SO EUROPHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MOSSBAUER WAVELENGTH STANDARD; X-RAYS; SPECTROSCOPY; TEMPERATURE; DIFFRACTION; EXCITATION AB We report on the observation of nuclear resonant forward scattering of synchrotron radiation from Sb-121 nuclei. A temperature stabilized alpha-Al2O3 crystal Bragg backscattering high-resolution monochromator with a relative energy resolution of 2 x 10(-7) was introduced. As first spectroscopic applications the hyperfine parameters in Sb2O3, USb and DySb were determined. The energy of the nuclear transition in Sb-121 was measured to be 37.1298(2) keV, 40 times more precisely than reported before. The results open the field of nuclear resonance spectroscopy on antimony compounds taking advantage of the outstanding features of 3rd-generation synchrotron sources. Nuclear resonance scattering on Sb compounds at these sources allows element-specific dynamical studies on thermoelectric materials as well as studies on magnetism in micro- and nanometer dimensional systems like spintronic devices. C1 European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, F-38043 Grenoble, France. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Hamburg, Inst Expt Phys, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany. Hamburger Synchrontronstrahlungslab, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany. IPCMS, GEMME, F-67034 Strasbourg 2, France. CEA Grenoble, F-38054 Grenoble 9, France. RP Wille, HC (reprint author), European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, BP 220, F-38043 Grenoble, France. RI Wille, Hans-Christian/C-3881-2013; Barla, Alessandro/C-4282-2015; Sergueev, Ilya/N-6591-2013 OI Barla, Alessandro/0000-0002-5632-4915; Sergueev, Ilya/0000-0002-7614-2238 NR 33 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0295-5075 J9 EUROPHYS LETT JI Europhys. Lett. PD APR PY 2006 VL 74 IS 1 BP 170 EP 176 DI 10.1209/epl/i2005-10494-2 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 024LR UT WOS:000236197000026 ER PT J AU Travesset, A Vaknin, D AF Travesset, A Vaknin, D TI Bjerrum pairing correlations at charged interfaces SO EUROPHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID REFLECTION-ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY; ARACHIDIC ACID MONOLAYERS; AIR-WATER-INTERFACE; MEMBRANES; CATIONS; INVERSION; IONS AB Electrostatic correlations play a fundamental role in aqueous solutions. In this letter, we identify transverse and lateral correlations as two mutually exclusive regimes. We show that the transverse regime leads to binding by generalization of Bjerrum pair formation theory, yielding binding constants from first-principle statistical-mechanical calculations. We compare our theoretical predictions with experiments on charged membranes and Langmuir monolayers and find good agreement. We contrast our approach with existing theories in the strong-coupling limit and on charged modulated interfaces, and discuss different scenarios that lead to charge reversal and equal-sign attraction by macro-ions. C1 Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RI Vaknin, David/B-3302-2009 OI Vaknin, David/0000-0002-0899-9248 NR 29 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 1 U2 11 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0295-5075 J9 EUROPHYS LETT JI Europhys. Lett. PD APR PY 2006 VL 74 IS 1 BP 181 EP 187 DI 10.1209/epl/i2005-10512-5 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 024LR UT WOS:000236197000028 ER PT J AU Song, B Forrestal, MJ Chen, W AF Song, B Forrestal, MJ Chen, W TI Dynamic and quasi-static propagation of compaction waves in a low-density epoxy foam SO EXPERIMENTAL MECHANICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Conference of the Society-for-Experimental-Mechanics CY 2005 CL Portland, OR SP Soc Expt Mechan DE epoxy foam; compaction wave; split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB); quasi-static testing; locking solid material model ID IMPACT AB We conducted dynamic and quasi-static compression experiments with low-density (rho = 120 kg/m(3)) epoxy foam specimens. The specimens had a 10.0-mm-square cross-section and a length of 19.3 mm. Dynamic experiments were conducted with a modified split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB), and the quasi-static experiments were conducted with a hydraulic load frame device (MTS-810). In both cases, the specimens were loaded from one end at a constant velocity. Equally spaced grid lines were marked on the specimens to monitor the deformation history. Digital images taken at equally spaced time intervals gave the positions of each grid line. These images showed that a constant end-face velocity V produced a compaction wave front that traveled at a constant velocity C in both dynamic and quasi-static experiments. We described these results with a shockwave analysis that used a locking solid material model. C1 Purdue Univ, Sch Aeronaut & Astronaut, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Purdue Univ, Sch Mat Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Chen, W (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Sch Aeronaut & Astronaut, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM wchen@purdue.edu RI Song, Bo/D-3945-2011 NR 16 TC 19 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0014-4851 EI 1741-2765 J9 EXP MECH JI Exp. Mech. PD APR PY 2006 VL 46 IS 2 BP 127 EP 136 DI 10.1007/s11340-006-5860-7 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science; Mechanics GA 038CM UT WOS:000237196000002 ER PT J AU Wei, XM Yan, TF Hommes, NG Liu, XD Wu, LY McAlvin, C Klotz, MG Sayavedra-Soto, LA Zhou, JZ Arp, DJ AF Wei, XM Yan, TF Hommes, NG Liu, XD Wu, LY McAlvin, C Klotz, MG Sayavedra-Soto, LA Zhou, JZ Arp, DJ TI Transcript profiles of Nitrosomonas europaea during growth and upon deprivation of ammonia and carbonate SO FEMS MICROBIOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Nitrosomonas europaea; nitrifier; transcript profiles; gene expression; ammonia deprivation; starvation; microarrays ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; MICROARRAY ANALYSIS; PROTEIN; GENE; MONOOXYGENASE; EXPRESSION; OXIDATION; NITRITE; GLUTAREDOXINS; LIMITATION AB The transcriptome of Nitrosomonas europaea was analyzed with whole-genome microarrays. Growing cells were compared to cells deprived of (NH4)(2)SO4 and Na2CO3. Hybridization signals were detected for 76% of the genes represented on the array under either or both conditions. Transcript levels for 68% of the genes were at least twofold higher in growing cells than in deprived cells, while only 0.42% of the genes were present at more than twofold higher levels in deprived cells. Transcript levels for the remaining 7% of the genes did not change significantly with the treatments. These trends were confirmed for selected genes by Northern hybridizations and quantitative RT-PCR. Compared to heterotrophic bacteria, N. europaea downregulates a greater proportion of its genes and fewer genes appear to be associated with the adaptation to starvation. C1 Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. Cent S Univ, Sch Mineral Proc & Bioengn, Changsha, Peoples R China. Univ Louisville, Dept Biol, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. RP Arp, DJ (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM arpd@science.oregonstate.edu RI Klotz, Martin/D-2091-2009 OI Klotz, Martin/0000-0002-1783-375X NR 40 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 7 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0378-1097 J9 FEMS MICROBIOL LETT JI FEMS Microbiol. Lett. PD APR PY 2006 VL 257 IS 1 BP 76 EP 83 DI 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2006.00152.x PG 8 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 020UN UT WOS:000235938200011 PM 16553835 ER PT J AU Salmon, CP Knize, MG Felton, JS Zhao, B Seow, A AF Salmon, CP Knize, MG Felton, JS Zhao, B Seow, A TI Heterocyclic aromatic amines in domestically prepared chicken and fish from Singapore Chinese households SO FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE heterocyclic aromatic amines; food mutagens; Chinese diet; cooking method; marinating ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; GROUND-BEEF PATTIES; BREAST-CANCER RISK; ESI-MS-MS; MEAT-PRODUCTS; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; MODEL SYSTEMS; PAN RESIDUES; COOKED MEAT; FRIED BEEF AB Chicken and fish samples prepared by 42 Singapore Chinese in their homes were obtained. Researchers were present to collect data on raw sample weight, cooking time, maximum cooking surface temperature, and cooked sample weight. Each participant prepared one pan-fried fish sample and two pan-fried chicken samples, one marinated, one not marinated. The cooked samples were analyzed for live heterocyclic aromatic amine (HAA) mutagens, including MeIQx (2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline); 4,8-DiMelQx (2-imino-3,4,8-trimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline); 7,8-DiMelQx (2-amino-3,7,8-trimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline); PhIP (2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine), and IFP (2-amino-(1,6-dimethylfuro[3,2-e]imidazo[4,5-b])pyridine). A paired Student's t-test showed that marinated chicken had lower concentrations of PhIP (p < 0.05), but higher concentrations of MelQx (P < 0.05) and 4,8-DiMeIQx (p < 0.001) than non-marinated chicken, and also that weight loss due to cooking was less in marinated chicken than in non-marinated chicken (p < 0.001). Interestingly, the maximum cooking surface temperature was higher for fish than for either marinated or non-marinated chicken (p < 0.001), yet fish was lower in 4,8-DiMeIQx per gram than marinated or non-marinated chicken (p < 0.001), lower in PhIP than non-marinated chicken (p < 0.05), and lost less weight due to cooking than either marinated or non-marinated chicken (p < 0.001). Fish was also lower in MeIQx and 7,8-DiMelQx than marinated chickenl (p < 0.05). This study provides new information on HAA content in the Singapore Chinese diet. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biosci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Def Med & Environm Res Inst, Singapore, Singapore. Natl Univ Singapore, Fac Med, Dept Community Occupat & Family Med, Singapore 117597, Singapore. RP Knize, MG (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biosci Directorate, POB 808,L-452, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM knize1@llnl.gov FU NCI NIH HHS [CA55861] NR 61 TC 43 Z9 45 U1 2 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0278-6915 J9 FOOD CHEM TOXICOL JI Food Chem. Toxicol. PD APR PY 2006 VL 44 IS 4 BP 484 EP 492 DI 10.1016/j.fct.2005.08.022 PG 9 WC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA 032VJ UT WOS:000236803700004 PM 16226366 ER PT J AU Hepp, GR Kennamer, RA Johnson, MH AF Hepp, GR Kennamer, RA Johnson, MH TI Maternal effects in Wood Ducks: incubation temperature influences incubation period and neonate phenotype SO FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aix sponsa; Anatidae; parental care; reproductive success ID TURKEY ALECTURA-LATHAMI; FOWL LEIPOA-OCELLATA; KING-EIDER DUCKLINGS; EGG SIZE; EMBRYONIC-DEVELOPMENT; ADAPTIVE SIGNIFICANCE; AVIAN INCUBATION; NEST ATTENDANCE; BODY-SIZE; SURVIVAL AB Maternal effects often explain a significant amount of variation in offspring phenotype, and can be important in the evolution of life histories. Incubation of eggs is an important maternal effect, and optimal growth and development of avian embryos takes place within a narrow range of incubation temperatures, but the effect of incubation microclimate on neonate phenotype remains relatively unexplored in birds. In this study of Wood Ducks (Aix sponsa Linnaeus) we examined effects of incubation temperature on the length of incubation period and neonate quality. We monitored nest temperatures and incubation periods of naturally incubated Wood Duck nests and found a strong inverse relationship between incubation period and average nest temperature. Next, we collected three unincubated eggs from each of 48 nests, and randomly assigned eggs from each nest to one of three incubation temperatures (34.6, 36.0 and 37.4 degrees C). Experimental incubation temperatures overlapped average nest temperatures of naturally incubated Wood Duck nests. Hatching success varied with incubation temperature and was lowest for eggs incubated at the lowest temperature. Incubation period of experimental eggs decreased with increasing temperature but was not affected by fresh egg mass. Wood Duck embryos catabolized an estimated 34-38% of egg lipids and 25-33% of egg protein during incubation. Percentage change of lipids increased with decreasing incubation temperature, but not significantly. Embryos incubated at lower temperatures used a greater percentage of protein than embryos incubated at higher temperatures. In analyses using fresh egg mass as the covariate, we found that wet and dry mass of ducklings increased with increasing incubation temperature. Decreases in lipid content of Wood Duck neonates with decreasing incubation temperature were not significant, but eggs incubated at low temperatures produced ducklings that had reduced protein mass and that were structurally larger than ducklings from eggs incubated at high temperatures. Our study illustrates the importance of incubation temperature on the development of Wood Duck embryos. Decisions made by incubating parents that influence egg temperature can modify incubation period and offspring phenotype. Investigations of incubation as a reproductive cost should consider how parental decisions influence both parents and offspring. C1 Auburn Univ, Sch Forestry & Wildlife Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29801 USA. Med Coll Georgia, Dept Biostat AE 3035, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. RP Hepp, GR (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Sch Forestry & Wildlife Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM heppgar@auburn.edu NR 67 TC 60 Z9 63 U1 6 U2 20 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0269-8463 J9 FUNCT ECOL JI Funct. Ecol. PD APR PY 2006 VL 20 IS 2 BP 307 EP 314 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2435.2006.01108.x PG 8 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 042GZ UT WOS:000237517400016 ER PT J AU Gillooly, JF Allen, AP Savage, VM Charnov, EL West, GB Brown, JH AF Gillooly, JF Allen, AP Savage, VM Charnov, EL West, GB Brown, JH TI Response to Clarke and Fraser: effects of temperature on metabolic rate SO FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID COLD ADAPTATION; SIZE; TIME; FISH; DEPENDENCE; ECOLOGY; MUSCLE; SCALE C1 Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Harvard Univ, Bauer Ctr Genom Res, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Santa Fe Inst, Santa Fe, NM 87501 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Gillooly, JF (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Zool, POB 118525, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM gillooly@zoo.ufl.edu RI Allen, Andrew/B-8045-2011 OI Allen, Andrew/0000-0003-0304-7544 NR 21 TC 59 Z9 61 U1 4 U2 33 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0269-8463 J9 FUNCT ECOL JI Funct. Ecol. PD APR PY 2006 VL 20 IS 2 BP 400 EP 404 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2435.2006.01110.x PG 5 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 042GZ UT WOS:000237517400028 ER PT J AU Tabak, M Hinkel, D Atzeni, S Campbell, EM Tanaka, K AF Tabak, M Hinkel, D Atzeni, S Campbell, EM Tanaka, K TI Fast ignition: Overview and background SO FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review DE fast ignition; inertial fusion; hydrodynamics ID ELECTRON-TRANSPORT; PROTON-BEAMS; DT FUEL; DISTRIBUTED RADIATOR; LASER IRRADIATION; BURN PERFORMANCE; FUSION CAPSULES; SOLID TARGETS; DRIVE TARGETS; HOT-ELECTRONS AB Fast ignition is an approach to inertial fusion in which precompressed fuel is ignited with an external heat source. This arrangement can, in principle, lead to higher gains than conventional ignition produced by stagnation of convergent flows. In addition, because ignition is separate from the implosion in fast ignition, hydrodynamic mix has less opportunity to quench ignition than in the conventional process. This paper introduces some of the basic ideas of fast ignition: ignition requirements, gain curves based on simple energetic models, and integrated gain models including hohlraum and implosion physics. Because possible gains in this approach are so large, it is possible to examine the use of fuels with small tritium fractions, the so-called "advanced fuels." In addition, the historical background of this field is discussed. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Energet, I-00161 Rome, Italy. INFM, Rome, Italy. Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. Osaka Univ, Inst Laser Engn, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan. RP Tabak, M (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM tabak1@llnl.gov RI Atzeni, Stefano/F-5538-2012 OI Atzeni, Stefano/0000-0002-4339-2994 NR 107 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 1536-1055 J9 FUSION SCI TECHNOL JI Fusion Sci. Technol. PD APR PY 2006 VL 49 IS 3 BP 254 EP 277 PG 24 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 036NK UT WOS:000237077600003 ER PT J AU Sentoku, Y Kruer, W Matsuoka, M Pukhov, A AF Sentoku, Y Kruer, W Matsuoka, M Pukhov, A TI Laser hole boring and hot electron generation in the fast ignition scheme SO FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE laser hole boring; relativistic transparency; electron acceleration in plasma channel ID PLASMA INTERACTIONS; OVERDENSE PLASMA; OSAKA-UNIVERSITY; DENSITY PLASMA; PULSES; INTENSE; ABSORPTION; SIMULATION; TARGETS; LIGHT AB In the fast ignition scheme, the compressed core is surrounded by a 1-mm-scale coronal plasma. The critical density where the laser deposits energy is still more than 100 mu m away from the core. The distance is much longer than the laser focus radius or the core size. This situation raises an important question: How can we couple laser energy to the core from such a distance? One of the techniques that has been proposed to overcome this problem is hole boring by the ponderomotive pressure of the incident laser light. In this paper, the physics related to the laser hole boring, including the parametric instabilities, the channel formation, and the hot electron acceleration by ultraintense laser light, are discussed. The maximum density where the laser can propagate by hole boring is obtained as a function of the intensity. This agrees well with experimental observations, and it is confirmed by numerical simulations. The acceleration mechanism of hot electrons in the magnetic channel is also identified. The hot electrons are characterized by the numerical simulations. In summary, the critical issue of energy coupling in this scheme is raised and discussed. C1 Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89506 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Osaka Univ, Inst Laser Engn, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan. Univ Dusseldorf, Inst Theoret Phys, D-40225 Dusseldorf, Germany. RP Sentoku, Y (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Mail Stop 220, Reno, NV 89506 USA. EM sentoku@physics.unr.edu RI pukhov, alexander/C-8082-2016; Sentoku, Yasuhiko/P-5419-2014 NR 54 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 1536-1055 J9 FUSION SCI TECHNOL JI Fusion Sci. Technol. PD APR PY 2006 VL 49 IS 3 BP 278 EP 296 PG 19 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 036NK UT WOS:000237077600004 ER PT J AU Freeman, RR Batani, D Baton, S Key, M Stephens, R AF Freeman, RR Batani, D Baton, S Key, M Stephens, R TI The generation and transport of large currents in dense materials: The physics of electron transport relative to fast ignition SO FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE fast ignition fusion; charged particle transport; laser ionization ID LASER-PLASMA INTERACTIONS; INERTIAL CONFINEMENT FUSION; SOLID TARGETS; RESONANT ABSORPTION; PLASTIC TARGETS; SIMULATION; PULSES; BEAM; GAIN; DEPOSITION AB This paper reviews the physics of extremely high current propagation in dense materials. We consider explicitly the problem, of the generation of high-current, high-particle energy propagation arising from laser ionization in otherwise neutral targets. The paper concentrates upon the recent experimental results of measurements of the distribution of the laser-generated fast electrons, both in space as well as in energy. The emphasis is primarily to put into physical context the growing number of experimental observations under widely varying conditions. Little or no effort is made to summarize the theoretical or modeling work because of manuscript size limitations; however, when possible, experimental observations are tied to relevant attempts to model the observed behavior. The fundamental conclusion is that fast electron propagation, at a current density and kinetic energy relevant to fast ignition, is far from a solved problem and that target design for fast ignition will have to play a significant role to overcome some of the emerging physical obstacles. C1 Ohio State Univ, Coll Math & Phys Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Milan, Milan, Italy. INFM, Dipartimento Fis, Milan, Italy. Ecole Polytech, LULI, Palaiseau, France. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Gen Atom Inc, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. RP Freeman, RR (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Coll Math & Phys Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM freeman@mps.ohio-state.edu OI Stephens, Richard/0000-0002-7034-6141 NR 56 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 1536-1055 J9 FUSION SCI TECHNOL JI Fusion Sci. Technol. PD APR PY 2006 VL 49 IS 3 BP 297 EP 315 PG 19 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 036NK UT WOS:000237077600005 ER PT J AU Kodama, R Norreys, PA Sentoku, Y Campbell, RB AF Kodama, R Norreys, PA Sentoku, Y Campbell, RB TI Fast heating of high-density plasmas with a reentrant cone concept SO FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE fast ignition; fast heating; cone shell ID OVERDENSE PLASMAS; FUSION IGNITION; LASER; ABSORPTION; ELECTRONS; DYNAMICS; SPACE; PULSE AB A reentrant cone concept for efficient heating of high-density plasmas has been studied as an advanced fast ignition scheme. The roles of the reentrant cone, as indicated by particle-in-cell (PIC) code simulations and confirmed by basic experiments, are reviewed, particularly the efficient collection and guidance of the laser light into the cone tip and the direction of the energetic electrons into the high-density region. It has been shown that the energetic electrons converge to the tip of the cone as a result of the surface electron flow guided by self-generated quasi-static magnetic fields and electrostatic sheath fields. As a result, the energetic electron density at the tip is locally greater than the case of using an open geometry such as a normal flat foil target. Using these advantageous properties of the reentrant cone, efficient fast heating of imploded high-density plasmas has been demonstrated in integrated fast ignition experiments. A hybrid PIC code (LSP) has been used to understand the relativistic electron beam thermalization and subsequent heating of highly compressed plasmas. The simulation results are in reasonable agreement with the integrated experiments. Anomalous stopping appears to be present and is created by the growth and saturation of an electromagnetic filamentation mode that generates a strong back-electromagnetic force impeding energetic electrons. C1 Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Engn, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan. Osaka Univ, Inst Laser Engn, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89506 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Kodama, R (reprint author), Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Engn, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan. EM ryo@ile.osaka-u.ac.jp RI Kodama, Ryosuke/G-2627-2016; Sentoku, Yasuhiko/P-5419-2014 NR 22 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 1536-1055 J9 FUSION SCI TECHNOL JI Fusion Sci. Technol. PD APR PY 2006 VL 49 IS 3 BP 316 EP 326 PG 11 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 036NK UT WOS:000237077600006 ER PT J AU Hatchett, SP Clark, D Tabak, M Turner, RE Stoeckl, C Stephens, RB Shiraga, H Tanaka, K AF Hatchett, SP Clark, D Tabak, M Turner, RE Stoeckl, C Stephens, RB Shiraga, H Tanaka, K TI Hydrodynamics of conically guided fast ignition targets SO FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE fast ignition; inertial fusion; implosion ID FUSION IGNITION; PLASMA; OMEGA; DENSITY; CONE; FUEL AB The fast ignition concept requires the generation of a compact, dense, pure fuel mass accessible to an external ignition source. The current baseline fast ignition target is a shell fitted with a reentrant cone extending to near its center. Conventional direct or indirect drive collapses the shell near the tip of the cone, and then an ultraintense laser pulse focused to the inside cone tip generates high-energy electrons to ignite the dense fuel. Two-dimensional (2-D) calculations of this concept have sparsely explored the large design space available to optimize compaction of the fuel and maintain the integrity of the cone. Experiments have generally validated the modeling while revealing additional complexities. Away from the cone, the shell collapses much as does a conventional implosion, generating a hot, low-density, inner-core plasma that exhausts out toward the tip of the cone. The hot, low-density inner core can impede the compaction of the cold fuel, lowering the implosion/burn efficiency and the gain, and jetting toward the cone tip can affect the cone integrity. Thicker initial fuel layers, lower velocity implosions, and drive asymmetries can lead to decreased efficiency in converting implosion kinetic energy into compression. Fast ignition burn hydrodynamics can generate additional convergence and compression. We describe 2-D and one-dimensional approaches to optimizing designs for cone-guided fast ignition. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. Osaka Univ, Inst Laser Engn, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan. RP Hatchett, SP (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM hatchett1@llnl.gov RI Shiraga, Hiroyuki/I-9565-2015; OI Stephens, Richard/0000-0002-7034-6141 NR 36 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 1536-1055 J9 FUSION SCI TECHNOL JI Fusion Sci. Technol. PD APR PY 2006 VL 49 IS 3 BP 327 EP 341 PG 15 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 036NK UT WOS:000237077600007 ER PT J AU Slutz, SA Vesey, RA Hanson, DL Campbell, RB Cuneo, ME Mehlhorn, TA Porter, JL AF Slutz, SA Vesey, RA Hanson, DL Campbell, RB Cuneo, ME Mehlhorn, TA Porter, JL TI Z-pinch-driven fast ignition fusion studies at Sandia National Laboratories SO FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE pulsed power; fast ignition; fusion ID INERTIAL CONFINEMENT FUSION; COOLING-INDUCED DEFORMATION; CAPSULE IMPLOSIONS; DYNAMIC HOHLRAUMS; LASER; COMPRESSION; TEMPERATURE; SHELLS; GRATINGS; DENSITY AB Pulsed-power machines can deliver large electrical energies to Z-pinches, which efficiently convert this energy into X-rays that can indirectly drive capsule implosions to obtain high fusion fuel (D-T) densities. Presently, the Z machine generates 1.0 to 1.8 MJ of soft X-rays radiated from various Z-pinch loads. This output should be roughly doubled when Z is upgraded to ZR in 2006, making ZR an excellent machine to compress materials for fast ignition studies. The Z-Beamlet Laser (ZBL) has been installed adjacent to Z and is currently being used for X-ray backlighting. Presently, ZBL delivers up to 2 TW of 2 omega (526-nm-wavelength) light in pulses up to 1 ns long. Chirped-pulsed amplification is being added to the ZBL, which will increase the power a thousandfold enabling integrated fast ignitor experiments to be performed on the ZR facility beginning in 2007. Numerical simulations and analytic scaling, which have been performed to design such experiments, are presented in this paper. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Slutz, SA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM saslutz@sandia.gov NR 48 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 1536-1055 J9 FUSION SCI TECHNOL JI Fusion Sci. Technol. PD APR PY 2006 VL 49 IS 3 BP 374 EP 383 PG 10 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 036NK UT WOS:000237077600011 ER PT J AU Vesey, RA Campbell, RB Slutz, SA Hanson, DL Cuneo, ME Mehlhorn, TA Porter, JL AF Vesey, RA Campbell, RB Slutz, SA Hanson, DL Cuneo, ME Mehlhorn, TA Porter, JL TI Z-pinch-driven fast ignition fusion SO FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE inertial fusion; fast ignition; Z-pinches ID INERTIAL CONFINEMENT FUSION; ARRAY Z-PINCHES; X-RAY POWER; CAPSULE IMPLOSIONS; RADIATION SYMMETRY; DYNAMIC HOHLRAUMS; PLASMA; LASER; INSTABILITIES; SIMULATIONS AB Fast ignition using pulsed-power drivers combines the efficient production of X-rays to drive fusion fuel assembly with precise ultraintense laser pulses for fuel ignition. Z-pinches convert electrical energy into thermal X-ray energy with high efficiency, which makes them attractive drivers for indirect-drive fuel assembly. Currently, experiments use the Z-pinch vacuum hohlraum, in which the Z-pinch heats a hohlraum that reemits thermal X-rays to drive the capsule. Surface-guided hemispherical capsule implosion experiments in Z-pinch vacuum hohlraums are in progress to study energetics, symmetry control, and pulse shaping. Simulations including radiation asymmetry and glide-plane physics have been performed to optimize the imploded fuel. Higher density capsule implosions at a given driver energy may be possible using the Z-pinch dynamic hohlraum, in which the Z-pinch plasma itself creates the hohlraum. Capsule and hohlraum designs for both vacuum and dynamic hohlraum sources are in progress, including liquid cryogenic fuel capsules. Analytic models for D-T fuel heating and burn have been developed for scoping purposes and break-even scaling. Implicit particle-in-cell modeling of the interaction of laser-produced energetic particles with calculated fuel configurations demonstrates that details of the entire fuel/glide material density profile significantly affect the calculated energy deposition and thus the ignition requirements. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Vesey, RA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM ravesey@sandia.gov NR 63 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 1536-1055 J9 FUSION SCI TECHNOL JI Fusion Sci. Technol. PD APR PY 2006 VL 49 IS 3 BP 384 EP 398 PG 15 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 036NK UT WOS:000237077600012 ER PT J AU Logan, BG Bangerter, RO Callahan, DA Tabak, M Roth, M Perkins, LJ Caporaso, G AF Logan, BG Bangerter, RO Callahan, DA Tabak, M Roth, M Perkins, LJ Caporaso, G TI Assessment of potential for ion-driven fast ignition SO FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE fast ignition; heavy ion beams; longitudinal emittances ID PROTON-BEAMS; HEAVY-IONS; TARGET PHYSICS; FUSION-TARGETS; ENERGY-LOSS; DESIGN; PLASMA; GAIN; PROGRESS; DENSITY AB Critical issues and ion beam requirements are explored for fast ignition using ion beams to provide fuel compression using indirect drive and to provide separate short-pulse ignition heating using direct drive. Several ion species with different hohlraum geometries are considered for both accelerator-produced and laser-produced ion ignition beams. Ion-driven fast ignition targets are projected to have modestly higher gains than with conventional heavy ion fusion and may offer some other advantages for target fabrication and for use of advanced fuels. However, much more analysis and additional experiments are needed before conclusions can be drawn regarding the feasibility for meeting the ion beam transverse and longitudinal emittances, focal spots, pulse lengths, and target standoff distances required for ion-driven fast ignition. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. GSI Darmstadt, D-6100 Darmstadt, Germany. Univ Technol Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany. RP Logan, BG (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM bglogan@lbl.gov NR 34 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 1536-1055 J9 FUSION SCI TECHNOL JI Fusion Sci. Technol. PD APR PY 2006 VL 49 IS 3 BP 399 EP 411 PG 13 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 036NK UT WOS:000237077600013 ER PT J AU Borghesi, M Fuchs, J Bulanov, SV Mackinnon, AJ Patel, PK Roth, M AF Borghesi, M Fuchs, J Bulanov, SV Mackinnon, AJ Patel, PK Roth, M TI Fast ion generation by high-intensity laser irradiation of solid targets and applications SO FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review DE ion acceleration; laser-plasma interaction; inertial confinement fusion ID ACCELERATED PROTON-BEAMS; SHORT-PULSE LASER; 10(19) W CM(-2); PLASMA INTERACTIONS; ELECTRON-TRANSPORT; FAST IGNITION; DOSIMETRIC MEASUREMENTS; ELECTROMAGNETIC-FIELDS; UNDERDENSE PLASMAS; ISOTOPE PRODUCTION AB The acceleration of high-energy ion beams (up to several tens of mega-electron-volts per nucleon) following the interaction of short (t < 1 ps) and intense (I lambda(2) > 10(18) W(.)cm(-2.)mu m(-2)) laser pulses with solid targets has been one of the most active areas of research in the last few years. The exceptional properties of these beams (high brightness and high spectral cutoff, high directionality and laminarity, and short burst duration) distinguish them from the lower-energy ions accelerated in earlier experiments at moderate laser intensities. In view of these properties, laser-driven ion beams can be employed in a number of groundbreaking applications in the scientific, technological, and medical areas. This paper reviews the main experimental results obtained in this area in recent years, the properties of the accelerated beams, the relevant theoretical and computational models, and the main applications that have been implemented or proposed. C1 Queens Univ Belfast, Sch Math & Phys, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland. Univ Paris 06, Lab Utilisat Lasers Intenses, UMR 7605, CNRS,CEA,Ecole Polytech, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA. Kansai Res Estab, APRC, JAERI, Kizu, Japan. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. Tech Univ Darmstadt, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany. RP Queens Univ Belfast, Sch Math & Phys, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland. EM m.borghesi@qub.ac.uk RI Patel, Pravesh/E-1400-2011; Borghesi, Marco/K-2974-2012; MacKinnon, Andrew/P-7239-2014; Bulanov, Sergei/A-1721-2013; Fuchs, Julien/D-3450-2016 OI MacKinnon, Andrew/0000-0002-4380-2906; Fuchs, Julien/0000-0001-9765-0787 NR 168 TC 321 Z9 323 U1 3 U2 38 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 1536-1055 EI 1943-7641 J9 FUSION SCI TECHNOL JI Fusion Sci. Technol. PD APR PY 2006 VL 49 IS 3 BP 412 EP 439 PG 28 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 036NK UT WOS:000237077600014 ER PT J AU Key, MH Freeman, RR Hatchett, SP Mackinnon, AJ Patel, PK Snavely, RA Stephens, RB AF Key, MH Freeman, RR Hatchett, SP Mackinnon, AJ Patel, PK Snavely, RA Stephens, RB TI Proton fast ignition SO FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE proton fast ignition; inertial fusion; focused proton plasma jet ID LASER-PLASMA INTERACTIONS; SOLID-DENSITY TARGETS; ION-ACCELERATION; HOT-ELECTRONS; PHYSICS BASIS; FUSION; BEAMS; EMISSION; PULSES; ABSORPTION AB Fast ignition by a laser-generated, ballistically focused proton plasma jet is a more recently proposed alternative to the original concept of fast ignition by a laser-generated beam of relativistic electrons. It has potential advantages in less-complex energy transport into dense plasma but has been investigated only at a preliminary level. Recent successful target heating experiments motivate further investigation of its feasibility. The concept and requirements, the characteristics of the proton plasma jets, the recent experimental work on focusing the jets and heating solid targets, and the overall physics constraints and unresolved questions are discussed. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. RP Key, MH (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM key1@llnl.gov RI Patel, Pravesh/E-1400-2011; MacKinnon, Andrew/P-7239-2014; OI MacKinnon, Andrew/0000-0002-4380-2906; Stephens, Richard/0000-0002-7034-6141 NR 54 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 1536-1055 J9 FUSION SCI TECHNOL JI Fusion Sci. Technol. PD APR PY 2006 VL 49 IS 3 BP 440 EP 452 PG 13 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 036NK UT WOS:000237077600015 ER PT J AU Zuegel, JD Borneis, S Barty, C Legarrec, B Danson, C Miyanaga, N Rambo, PK Leblanc, C Kessler, TJ Schmid, AW Waxer, LJ Kelly, JH Kruschwitz, B Jungquist, R Moses, E Britten, J Jovanovic, I Dawson, J Blanchot, N AF Zuegel, JD Borneis, S Barty, C Legarrec, B Danson, C Miyanaga, N Rambo, PK Leblanc, C Kessler, TJ Schmid, AW Waxer, LJ Kelly, JH Kruschwitz, B Jungquist, R Moses, E Britten, J Jovanovic, I Dawson, J Blanchot, N TI Laser challenges for fast ignition SO FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review DE high-energy petawatt laser; fast ignition-inertial; confinement fusion; solid-state laser ID CHIRPED-PULSE-AMPLIFICATION; INERTIAL-CONFINEMENT FUSION; DIELECTRIC REFLECTION GRATINGS; PUMPED REGENERATIVE AMPLIFIER; PEROT SATURABLE ABSORBER; ND-GLASS LASER; TI-SAPPHIRE; HIGH-ENERGY; HIGH-POWER; DIFFRACTION GRATINGS AB The laser challenges and state of the art in high-energy, solid-state petawatt lasers for fast ignition (FI) research are reviewed. A number of new laser systems are currently under construction or being planned that will facilitate proof-of-principle FI experiments. Recent technological advances in each of the major ultrafast laser subsystems are reported, including chirped-pulse generation and broadband amplification in the front end, high-energy amplification, and pulse compression with adaptive wavefront correction. Unique challenges related to operating high-energy chirped-pulse-amplification laser systems for FI, such as protection from target back reflections, are also addressed. C1 Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. GSI Darmstadt, D-6100 Darmstadt, Germany. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. CEA, Le Barp, France. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Council Cent Lab Res Councils, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. Inst Laser Engn, Osaka, Japan. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Ecole Polytech, F-75230 Paris, France. RP Zuegel, JD (reprint author), Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, 250 E River Rd, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. EM zuegel@lle.rochester.edu RI Miyanaga, Noriaki/F-1340-2015 OI Miyanaga, Noriaki/0000-0002-9902-5392 NR 116 TC 64 Z9 70 U1 3 U2 21 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 1536-1055 J9 FUSION SCI TECHNOL JI Fusion Sci. Technol. PD APR PY 2006 VL 49 IS 3 BP 453 EP 482 PG 30 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 036NK UT WOS:000237077600016 ER PT J AU Hanson, DL Slutz, SA Vesey, RA Cuneo, ME AF Hanson, DL Slutz, SA Vesey, RA Cuneo, ME TI Liquid cryogenic targets for fast ignition fusion SO FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE concentric-shell target; liquid cryogenic fuel layer; hemispherical shell buckling strength ID INERTIAL CONFINEMENT FUSION; RADIOACTIVELY INDUCED SUBLIMATION; COOLING-INDUCED DEFORMATION; DISCHARGE POLYMER SHELLS; HYDROGEN ISOTOPES; FUEL LAYER; ICF TARGET; THERMAL-GRADIENT; POLYIMIDE SHELLS; FOAM SHELLS AB Fast ignition fusion targets require a uniform cryogenic D-T fuel layer for efficient fuel assembly. Uniform beta layering of solid D-T fuel within a fast ignition capsule will be complicated by the presence of a reentrant cone for short-pulse laser access. We discuss an alternative approach to cryogenic fast ignition targets currently being developed at Sandia National Laboratories in which a liquid cryogenic fuel layer is condensed from a low-pressure external gas supply and confined between concentric plastic shells. This concentric-shell cryogenic liquid fuel target concept is particularly well adapted to a hemispherical capsule configuration for single-sided X-ray drive. Liquid cryogenic D-T targets have a number of potential advantages, including greatly reduced system cost, temperature control, fill time, and cryogenic handling requirements, compared to beta-layered D-T targets. The shape and surface quality of the liquid fuel layer is determined entirely by the bounding shells, opening the possibility for simplified fast ignition fusion energy targets. Technology issues for target fabrication are discussed, and radiation-hydrodynamics simulations of liquid fuel capsule performance are presented. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Hanson, DL (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM dlhanso@sandia.gov NR 88 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 1536-1055 J9 FUSION SCI TECHNOL JI Fusion Sci. Technol. PD APR PY 2006 VL 49 IS 3 BP 500 EP 516 PG 17 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 036NK UT WOS:000237077600018 ER PT J AU Meier, WR Hogan, WJ AF Meier, WR Hogan, WJ TI Power plant and fusion chamber considerations for fast ignition SO FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE inertial fusion energy; fast ignition; power plant ID SOMBRERO; DESIGN AB Using a simple inertial fusion energy (IFE) power plant economic model, it is demonstrated that there are several potential advantages of an IFE power plant based upon fast ignition targets compared with one based upon central ignition targets. The fast ignition version can have a lower cost of electricity (COE) at the same output power, and a smaller fast ignition plant can have the same COE as a larger central ignition plant. This paper also considers the chamber issues raised by using fast ignition targets. Some direct-drive chamber concepts must be larger for cone focus fast ignition targets because of the increase in the X-ray output. On the other hand, the use of fast ignition hohlraum targets may allow the use of thick-liquid-wall chambers, bringing the benefits of a smaller chamber and containment building, smaller amounts of hazardous waste, and a faster and cheaper development path. However, many technology issues need resolution before these benefits can become a reality. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Meier, WR (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808,L-641, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM meier5@llnl.gov NR 22 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 1536-1055 J9 FUSION SCI TECHNOL JI Fusion Sci. Technol. PD APR PY 2006 VL 49 IS 3 BP 532 EP 541 PG 10 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 036NK UT WOS:000237077600020 ER PT J AU Templeton, AS Chu, KH Alvarez-Cohen, L Conrad, ME AF Templeton, AS Chu, KH Alvarez-Cohen, L Conrad, ME TI Variable carbon isotope fractionation expressed by aerobic CH4-oxidizing bacteria SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID LANDFILL COVER SOILS; METHANE OXIDATION; METHANOTROPHIC BACTERIA; STABLE CARBON; ATMOSPHERIC METHANE; SEASONAL-VARIATIONS; NITROGEN-SOURCES; FOREST SOILS; DELTA-D; HYDROGEN AB Carbon isotope fractionation factors reported for aerobic bacterial oxidation of CH4 (alpha(CH4-CO2)) range from 1.003 to 1.039. In a series of experiments designed to monitor changes in the carbon isotopic fractionation of CH4 by Type I and Type II methanotrophic bacteria, we found that the magnitude of fractionation was largely due to the first oxidation step catalyzed by methane monooxygenase (MMO). The most important factor that modulates the (alpha(CH4-CH3OH)) is the fraction of the total CH4 oxidized per unit time, which strongly correlates to the cell density of the growth cultures under constant flow conditions. At cell densities of less than 0.1 g/L, fractionation factors greater than 1.03 were observed, whereas at cell densities greater than 0.5 g/L the fractionation factors decreased to as low as 1.002. At low cell densities, low concentrations of MMO limit the amount of CH4 oxidized, while at higher cell densities, the overall rates of CH4 oxidation increase sufficiently that diffusion of CH4 from the gaseous to dissolved state and into the cells is likely the rate-determining step. Thus, the residual CH4 is more fractionated at low cell densities, when only a small fraction of the total CH4 has been oxidized, than at high cell densities, when up to 40% of the influent CH4 has been utilized. Therefore, since Rayleigh distillation behavior is not observed, delta C-13 values of the residual CH4 cannot be used to infer the amount oxidized in either laboratory or field-studies. The measured (alpha(CH4-CH3OH)) was the same for both Type I and Type II methanotrophs expressing particulate or soluble MMO. However, large differences in the delta C-13 values of biomass produced by the two types of methanotrophs were observed. Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b (Type II) produced biomass with delta C-13 values about 15 parts per thousand higher than the dissimilated CO2, whereas Methylomonas methanica (Type I) produced biomass with delta C-13 values only about 6 parts per thousand higher than the CO2. These effects were independent of the magnitude of the initial carbon isotope fractionation caused by MMO and were relatively constant despite changing ratios of assimilatory to dissimilatory carbon transformation by the organisms. This suggests that the difference in biomass carbon isotopes is primarily due to differences in the fractionation effect at the formaldehyde branch point in the metabolic pathway, rather than assimilation of CO2 by Type 11 methanotrophs. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Colorado, Dept Geol Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Dept Civil Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EO Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Ctr Isotope Geochem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Templeton, AS (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Geol Sci, 2200 Colorado Ave, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. EM alexis.templeton@colorado.edu RI Conrad, Mark/G-2767-2010; OI TEMPLETON, ALEXIS/0000-0002-9670-0647 NR 48 TC 95 Z9 98 U1 3 U2 37 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD APR 1 PY 2006 VL 70 IS 7 BP 1739 EP 1752 DI 10.1016/j.gca.2005.12.002 PG 14 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 030OL UT WOS:000236644000011 ER PT J AU Young, KC Maurice, PA Hersman, LE AF Young, Katherine C. Maurice, Patricia A. Hersman, Larry E. TI Acquisition of Fe from various natural organic matter isolates by aerobic pseudomonad bacteria SO GEOMICROBIOLOGY JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE bacteria; biodegradation; iron; organic matter; Pseudomonas ID NONPHOTOCHEMICAL IRON TRANSFORMATIONS; FULVIC ACID INTERACTIONS; SIDEROPHORE PRODUCTION; BACILLUS-SUBTILIS; HUMIC SUBSTANCES; IONIC-STRENGTH; GROWTH; FRACTIONATION; ECOSYSTEMS; ADSORPTION AB Iron (Fe) is an essential nutrient to most microorganisms. Aerobic microorganisms exhibit various strategies for acquiring Fe at near-neutral pH conditions, where Fe oxyhydroxides are insoluble. Although much research has focused on microbial acquisition of Fe from minerals, little is known about Fe acquisition from natural organic matter (NOM). Yet, in surface waters, soils and shallow sediments, Fe is often associated with natural organic matter (NOM), and this NOM-associated Fe could represent an important pool of Fe for microorganisms. Here, we investigated the growth of aerobic Pseudomonas mendocina on soil and surface water NOM samples containing Fe, under Fe-limited conditions. In the presence of NOM, bacteria grew to population sizes greater than in no-Fe-added controls, indicating that the bacteria were able to access Fe associated with NOM. Maximum population size correlated with the NOM-associated Fe concentration. In an additional experiment, Pseudomonas putida was able to acquire Fe from an NOM sample, demonstrating that this ability is not limited to P. mendocina. When Fe was added as 30 mu M FeEDTA plus NOM, together in the same reaction flasks, P. mendocina and P. putida growth was less than in the presence of 30 mu M FeEDTA alone. The fact that Fe sources are not simply additive and that the presence of NOM inhibits growth in FeEDTA suggests that further study on the responses of bacteria to a combination of Fe sources is needed to understand the complexities of bacterial Fe acquisition in the subsurface. C1 Univ Notre Dame, Dept Civil Engn & Geol Sci, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Maurice, PA (reprint author), Univ Notre Dame, Dept Civil Engn & Geol Sci, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. EM pmaurice@nd.edu NR 29 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 12 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0149-0451 J9 GEOMICROBIOL J JI Geomicrobiol. J. PD APR-JUN PY 2006 VL 23 IS 3-4 BP 183 EP 188 DI 10.1080/01490450600724167 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA 081TQ UT WOS:000240340300005 ER PT J AU Ritzi, RW Dai, ZX AF Ritzi, Robert W., Jr. Dai, Zhenxue TI Introduction: Modeling groundwater flow and reactive transport in physically and chemically heterogeneous media SO GEOSPHERE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Wright State Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Dayton, OH 45435 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Ritzi, RW (reprint author), Wright State Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Dayton, OH 45435 USA. OI Dai, Zhenxue/0000-0002-0805-7621 NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMERICA, INC PI BOULDER PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA SN 1553-040X J9 GEOSPHERE JI Geosphere PD APR PY 2006 VL 2 IS 2 BP 73 EP 73 DI 10.1130/GES0202INT.1 PG 1 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 167VJ UT WOS:000246480300001 ER PT J AU Sun, YW Lu, XJ AF Sun, Yunwei Lu, Xinjian TI A chloride transport model for identifying sequential bioreactive systems of chlorinated solvents SO GEOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE chloride; convergent reaction; chlorinated solvent; transport; first order ID MULTISPECIES TRANSPORT; BIODEGRADATION AB Chlorinated solvents, such as tetrachloroethylene (PCE) and trichloroethylene (TCE), are often biodegraded to produce daughter species under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. During the biodegradation, chloride is produced in groundwater as a byproduct. For this reason, chloride concentrations in contaminant plumes are elevated relative to background concentrations. Because of the neutral chemical behavior of chloride, it can be treated as an indicator to identify the sources of contaminants and to estimate biodegradation rates of chlorinated solvents. However, chloride is produced from multiple reactions in the PCE/TCE reaction chain. The partial differential equation of chloride transport, which is coupled with four reactants, can only be solved numerically. In this paper, we use singular value decomposition (SVD) to decouple the coupled partial differential equations into independent subsystems. Then, we derive the analytical solution of chloride transport and use it, in turn, as a handy tool to quantify biodegradation of chlorinated solvents. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Calif State Univ, Dept Management, E Bay, CA 94542 USA. RP Sun, YW (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RI Sun, Yunwei/C-9751-2010 NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMERICA, INC PI BOULDER PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA SN 1553-040X J9 GEOSPHERE JI Geosphere PD APR PY 2006 VL 2 IS 2 BP 83 EP 87 DI 10.1130/GES00038.1 PG 5 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 167VJ UT WOS:000246480300003 ER PT J AU Ojovan, MI Lee, WE Barinov, AS Startceva, IV Bacon, DH McGrail, BP Vienna, JD AF Ojovan, M. I. Lee, W. E. Barinov, A. S. Startceva, I. V. Bacon, D. H. McGrail, B. P. Vienna, J. D. TI Corrosion of low level vitrified radioactive waste in a loamy soil SO GLASS TECHNOLOGY-EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF GLASS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY PART A LA English DT Article ID VITRIFICATION AB Corrosion of radioactive borosilicate glass K-26, which has a high sodium content, was examined over 16 years storage in a loamy soil. The results indicate that under these storage conditions K-26 glass has a very low corrosion rate and safely retains radionuclides. C1 Univ Sheffield, Dept Mat Engn, Immobilisat Sci Lab, Sheffield S10 2TN, S Yorkshire, England. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci & Technol, Dept Mat, London, England. Sci & Ind Assoc Radon, Moscow, Russia. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Ojovan, MI (reprint author), Univ Sheffield, Dept Mat Engn, Immobilisat Sci Lab, Sheffield S10 2TN, S Yorkshire, England. EM M.Ojovan@sheffield.ac.uk NR 20 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU SOC GLASS TECHNOLOGY PI SHEFFIELD PA UNIT 9, TWELVE O CLOCK COURT, 21 ATTERCLIFFE RD, SHEFFIELD S4 7WW, S YORKSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 0017-1050 J9 GLASS TECHNOL-PART A JI Glass Technol.-Eur. J. Glass Sci. Technol. Part A PD APR PY 2006 VL 47 IS 2 BP 48 EP 55 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 101SE UT WOS:000241760000003 ER PT J AU Aranibar, JN Berry, JA Riley, WJ Pataki, DE Law, BE Ehleringer, JR AF Aranibar, JN Berry, JA Riley, WJ Pataki, DE Law, BE Ehleringer, JR TI Combining meteorology, eddy fluxes, isotope measurements, and modeling to understand environmental controls of carbon isotope discrimination at the canopy scale SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE atmospheric controls; biosphere-atmosphere exchange; canopy scale; carbon fluxes; carbon isotope discrimination; ecophysiological model; eddy fluxes; parameter constraints; photosynthesis; stomatal conductance ID WATER-VAPOR EXCHANGE; BROAD-LEAVED FOREST; PONDEROSA PINE; ECOSYSTEM RESPIRATION; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE; C-13 DISCRIMINATION; PHLOEM SAP; DIOXIDE; PHOTOSYNTHESIS AB Estimates of terrestrial carbon isotope discrimination are useful to quantify the terrestrial carbon sink. Carbon isotope discrimination by terrestrial ecosystems may vary on seasonal and interannual time frames, because it is affected by processes (e.g. photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, and respiration) that respond to variable environmental conditions (e.g. air humidity, temperature, light). In this study, we report simulations of the temporal variability of canopy-scale C-3 photosynthetic carbon isotope discrimination obtained with an ecophysiologically based model (ISOLSM) designed for inclusion in global models. ISOLSM was driven by half-hourly meteorology, and parameterized with eddy covariance measurements of carbon and energy fluxes and foliar carbon isotope ratios from a pine forest in Metolius (OR). Comparing simulated carbon and energy fluxes with observations provided a range of parameter values that optimized the simulated fluxes. We found that the sensitivity of photosynthetic carbon isotope discrimination to the slope of the stomatal conductance equation (m, Ball-Berry constant) provided an additional constraint to the model, reducing the wide parameter space obtained from the fluxes alone. We selected values of m that resulted in similar simulated long-term discrimination as foliar isotope ratios measured at the site. The model was tested with C-13 measurements of ecosystem (delta(R)) and foliar (delta(f)) respiration. The daily variability of simulated C-13 values of assimilated carbon (delta(A)) was similar to that of observed delta(f), and higher than that of observed and simulated delta(R). We also found similar relationships between environmental factors (i.e. vapor pressure deficit) and simulated delta(R) as measured in ecosystem surveys of delta(R). Therefore, ISOLSM reasonably simulated the short-term variability of delta(A) controlled by atmospheric conditions at the canopy scale, which can be useful to estimate the variability of terrestrial isotope discrimination. Our study also shows that including the capacity to simulate carbon isotope discrimination, together with simple ecosystem isotope measurements, can provide a useful constraint to land surface and carbon balance models. C1 Univ Utah, Dept Biol, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Global Ecol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Irvine, CA USA. Oregon State Univ, Coll Forestry, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Univ Utah, Dept Biol, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. EM aranibar@alumni.virginia.edu RI Berry, Joseph/B-8211-2009; Pataki, Diane/F-9732-2011; Riley, William/D-3345-2015; OI Berry, Joseph/0000-0002-5849-6438; Riley, William/0000-0002-4615-2304; Law, Beverly/0000-0002-1605-1203 NR 89 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 3 U2 27 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1354-1013 EI 1365-2486 J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. PD APR PY 2006 VL 12 IS 4 BP 710 EP 730 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01121.x PG 21 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 029GT UT WOS:000236549600010 ER PT J AU Han, EY Bolch, WE Eckerman, KF AF Han, EY Bolch, WE Eckerman, KF TI Revisions to the ORNL series of adult and pediatric computational phantoms for use with the mird schema SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE dose, internal; modeling, dose assessment; Monte Carlo; nuclear medicine ID INTERNAL DOSE ASSESSMENT; RADIONUCLIDE-S VALUES; ABSORBED FRACTIONS; MODEL; ORGAN; FLUOROSCOPY; RADIOLOGY; SOFTWARE; THERAPY; MUCOSA AB The age-dependent series of stylized computational phantoms developed at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory in the late 1970's to early 1980's has found wide applicability in dosimetry studies ranging from dose coefficient compilations for external and internal photon emitters, simulations of patient radiological exams, and dose reconstruction activities. In the present study, we report on a series of revisions to the Oak Ridge National Laboratory series for their intended use within the MIRD schema of medical internal dosimetry. These revisions were made to (1) incorporate recent developments in stylized models of the head, brain, kidneys, rectosigmoid colon, and extra-pulmonary airways; (2) incorporate new models of the salivary glands and the mucosa layer of the urinary bladder, alimentary tract organs, and respiratory airways; (3) adopt reference values of elemental tissue compositions and mass densities from ICRP Publication 89 and ICRU Report 46; (4) provide for explicit treatment of left and right organs within organ pairs; (5) provide for a systematic tabulation of electron absorbed fractions as a function of energy and subject age for all internal organs; and (6) provide for methods of deriving patient-specific values of the specific absorbed fraction for both electrons and photons through interpolation/extrapolation of their phantom-derived values. While tomographic computational phantoms provide improved anatomic realism given the CT or MR image sets used in their construction, there does not yet exist a comprehensive series of reference pediatric tomographic phantoms, nor the ability to simulate very fine anatomic structures as can be modeled via mathematical approximation. Consequently, stylized pediatric phantoms will continue to rill this data need in medical dosimetry. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Nucl & Radiol Engn, Adv Lab Radiat Dosimetry Studies, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Biomed Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Life Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Bolch, WE (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Nucl & Radiol Engn, Adv Lab Radiat Dosimetry Studies, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM wbolch@ufl.edu FU PHS HHS [R32/CCR416743] NR 60 TC 50 Z9 53 U1 2 U2 7 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD APR PY 2006 VL 90 IS 4 BP 337 EP 356 DI 10.1097/01.HP.0000192318.13190.c4 PG 20 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 024JY UT WOS:000236192500004 PM 16538139 ER PT J AU Musolino, SV Harper, FT AF Musolino, SV Harper, FT TI Emergency response guidance for the first 48 hours after the outdoor detonation of an explosive radiological dispersal device SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE emergency planning; terrorism; aerosols; emergencies, radiological AB Strategies and decisions to protect emergency responders, the public, and critical infrastructure against the effects of a radiological dispersal device detonated outdoors must be made in the planning stage, not in the early period just after an attack. This contrasts with planning for small-scale types of radiological or nuclear emergencies, or for a large-scale nuclear-power-type accident that evolves over many hours or days before radioactivity is released to the environment, such that its effects can be prospectively modeled and analyzed. By the time it is known an attack has occurred, most likely there will have been casualties, all the radioactive material will have been released, plume growth will be progressing, and there will be no time left for evaluating possible countermeasures. This paper offers guidance to planners, first responders, and senior decision makers to assist them in developing strategies for protective actions and operational procedures for the first 48 hours after an explosive radiological dispersal device has been detonated. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Nonproliferat & Natl Secur Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, High Consequence Assessment & Technol Program, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Musolino, SV (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Nonproliferat & Natl Secur Dept, POB 5000, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM musolino@bnl.gov NR 8 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD APR PY 2006 VL 90 IS 4 BP 377 EP 385 DI 10.1097/01.HP.0000196111.16261.ed PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 024JY UT WOS:000236192500008 PM 16538143 ER PT J AU Narumanchi, SVJ Murthy, JY Amon, CH AF Narumanchi, SVJ Murthy, JY Amon, CH TI Boltzmann transport equation-based thermal modeling approaches for hotspots in microelectronics SO HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Thermal Science Seminar (ITSS 2) CY JUN 13-16, 2004 CL Bled, SLOVENIA SP Amer Soc Mech Engineers, Assoc Mech Engineers Slovenia, Int Inst Refrigerat Commiss B1, Int Ctr Heat & Mass Transfer DE micro; nanoscale; sub-continuum thermal transport; BTE; hotspot; NMOS transistors; SOI ID ON-INSULATOR TRANSISTORS; FINITE-VOLUME METHOD; HEAT-CONDUCTION; THIN-FILMS; PHONON TRANSPORT; SILICON FILMS; MONTE-CARLO; SUPERLATTICES; MICROSTRUCTURES; DEVICES AB Fourier diffusion has been found to be inadequate for the prediction of heat conduction in modern microelectronics, where extreme miniaturization has led to feature sizes in the sub-micron range. Over the past decade, the phonon Boltzmann transport equation (BTE) in the relaxation time approximation has been employed to make thermal predictions in dielectrics and semiconductors at micro-scales and nano-scales. This paper presents a review of the BTE-based solution methods widely employed in the literature and recently developed by the authors. First, the solution approaches based on the gray formulation of the BTE are presented. The semi-gray approach, moments of the Boltzmann equation, the lattice Boltzmann approach, and the ballistic-diffusive approximation are also discussed. Models which incorporate greater details of phonon dispersion are also presented. Hotspot self-heating in sub-micron SOI transistors and transient electrostatic discharge in NMOS transistors are also examined. Results, which illustrate the differences between some of these models reveal the importance of developing models that incorporate substantial details of phonon physics. The impact of boundary conditions on thermal predictions is also investigated. C1 Carnegie Mellon Univ, Inst Complex Engineered Syst, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO USA. Purdue Univ, Sch Mech Engn, Lafayette, IN USA. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. RP Amon, CH (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Inst Complex Engineered Syst, 5000 Forbes Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. EM camon@cmu.edu OI Narumanchi, Sreekant/0000-0001-5337-6069 NR 60 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 2 U2 26 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0947-7411 J9 HEAT MASS TRANSFER JI Heat Mass Transf. PD APR PY 2006 VL 42 IS 6 BP 478 EP 491 DI 10.1007/s00231-005-0645-6 PG 14 WC Thermodynamics; Mechanics SC Thermodynamics; Mechanics GA 016QI UT WOS:000235634600004 ER PT J AU Marchetti, F Pearson, FS Bishop, JB Wyrobek, AJ AF Marchetti, F Pearson, FS Bishop, JB Wyrobek, AJ TI Etoposide induces chromosomal abnormalities in mouse spermatocytes and stem cell spermatogonia SO HUMAN REPRODUCTION LA English DT Article DE aneuploidy; chemotherapy; FISH; male germ cells; structural aberrations ID DNA TOPOISOMERASE-II; IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION; TESTICULAR CANCER; MULTICOLOR FISH; HUMAN SPERM; INHIBITOR ETOPOSIDE; CLEAVABLE COMPLEX; ANTICANCER DRUGS; HEALTHY-MEN; ANEUPLOIDY AB BACKGROUND: Etoposide (ET) is a chemotherapeutic agent widely used in the treatment of leukaemia, lymphomas and many solid tumours such as testicular and ovarian cancers, all of which are common in patients of reproductive age. The purpose of the study was to characterize the long-term effects of ET on male germ cells using sperm fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analyses. METHODS: Chromosomal aberrations (partial duplications and deletions) and whole chromosomal aneuploidies were detected in sperm of mice treated with a clinical dose of ET. Semen samples were collected at 25 and 49 days after dosing to investigate the effects of ET on meiotic pachytene cells and spermatogonial stem-cells, respectively. RESULTS: ET treatment resulted in major increases in the frequencies of sperm-carrying chromosomal aberrations in both meiotic pachytene (27- to 578-fold) and spermatogonial stem-cells (8- to 16-fold), but aneuploid sperm were induced only after treatment of meiotic cells (27-fold) with no persistent effects in stem cells. CONCLUSION: These results show that ET may have long-lasting effects on the frequencies of sperm with structural aberrations. This has important implications for cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy with ET because they may remain at higher risk for abnormal reproductive outcomes long after the end of chemotherapy. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biosci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NIEHS, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Marchetti, F (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biosci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM marchetti2@llnl.gov OI Marchetti, Francesco/0000-0002-9435-4867 FU NIEHS NIH HHS [Y01-ES-8016-5] NR 55 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0268-1161 J9 HUM REPROD JI Hum. Reprod. PD APR PY 2006 VL 21 IS 4 BP 888 EP 895 DI 10.1093/humrep/dei416 PG 8 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA 025GN UT WOS:000236253500008 PM 16311288 ER PT J AU Luhmann, JG Johnson, RE Tokar, RL Ledvina, SA Cravens, TE AF Luhmann, JG Johnson, RE Tokar, RL Ledvina, SA Cravens, TE TI A model of the ionosphere of Saturn's rings and its implications SO ICARUS LA English DT Article DE atmospheres; dynamics; ices; planetary rings; Saturn; Saturn, magnetosphere ID OXYGEN ATMOSPHERE; MAGNETOSPHERE; PLASMA; INSERTION; DYNAMICS; CURRENTS; SURFACE; EUROPA; TORUS AB The detection of cold O-2(+) and O+ ions in the vicinity of Saturn's rings during the Cassini Orbiter orbit insertion confirmed expectations that the rings would have a water product atmosphere and ionosphere. These observations prompted a new look at their origin and nature by Johnson et al. [Johnson, R.E., Luhmann, J.G., Tokar, R.L., Bouhram, M., Berthelier, J.J., Sittler, E.C., Cooper, J.F., Hill, T.W.. Crary, F.J., Young, D.T., 2006. Icarus 180, 393-402], but also raised questions about the ionosphere's spatial distribution and fate that inspired the ionospheric model described in this report. Here a test particle model with some Monte Carlo aspects is used to consider the behavior of the O-2(+) and O+ ions produced in the atmosphere of Saturn's rings. Key features of these calculations include the Johnson et al. description of the production of the ring atmosphere, and the effects of the offset dipole magnetic field of Saturn. The results suggest that the latter should produce some possibly observable asymmetries in both the inner ring ionosphere and the precipitation of ring ions into the atmosphere of Saturn. Further in situ observations of the rings are not currently planned, but remote sensing instruments on Cassini may provide future observational tests of the model. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. RP Luhmann, JG (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, 7 Gauss Way, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jgluhmann@ssl.berkeley.edu OI Ledvina, Stephen/0000-0002-2450-775X NR 18 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0019-1035 J9 ICARUS JI Icarus PD APR PY 2006 VL 181 IS 2 BP 465 EP 474 DI 10.1016/j.icarus.2005.11.022 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 032AF UT WOS:000236745600012 ER PT J AU Walker, ML Humphreys, DA Mazon, D Moreau, D Okabayashi, M Osborne, TH Schuster, E AF Walker, ML Humphreys, DA Mazon, D Moreau, D Okabayashi, M Osborne, TH Schuster, E TI Emerging applications in tokamak plasma control - Control solutions for next-generation tokamaks SO IEEE CONTROL SYSTEMS MAGAZINE LA English DT Article ID RESISTIVE WALL MODE; INTERNAL TRANSPORT BARRIERS; ACTIVE FEEDBACK STABILIZATION; EDGE LOCALIZED MODES; TIME PROFILE CONTROL; NEOCLASSICAL TEARING MODES; DIII-D PLASMAS; H-MODE; HIGH-BETA; ASDEX UPGRADE C1 Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92138 USA. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Lehigh Univ, Dept Mech Engn & Mech, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. RP Walker, ML (reprint author), Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92138 USA. EM walker@fusion.gat.com OI Walker, Michael/0000-0002-4341-994X NR 76 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1066-033X J9 IEEE CONTR SYST MAG JI IEEE Control Syst. Mag. PD APR PY 2006 VL 26 IS 2 BP 35 EP 63 DI 10.1109/MCS.2006.1615272 PG 29 WC Automation & Control Systems SC Automation & Control Systems GA 026SX UT WOS:000236363700011 ER PT J AU Meyer, GD Moran-Mirabal, JM Branch, DW Craighead, HG AF Meyer, GD Moran-Mirabal, JM Branch, DW Craighead, HG TI Nonspecific binding removal from protein microarrays using thickness shear mode resonators SO IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE nonspecific binding; protein microarray; quartz crystal resonator; ultrasonic AB Nonspecific binding is a universal problem that reduces bioassay sensitivity and specificity. We demonstrate that ultrasonic waves, generated by 5-MHz quartz crystal resonators, accelerate nonspecifically bound protein desorption from sensing and nonsensing areas of micropatterned protein arrays, controllably and nondestructively cleaning the micropatterns. Nonsensing area fluorescent intensity values dropped by more than 85% and sensing area fluorescent intensity dropped 77% due to nonspecific binding removal at an input power of 14 W. After patterning, antibody films were many layers thick with nonspecifically bound protein, and aggregates obscured patterns. Quartz crystal resonators removed excess antibody layers and aggregates leaving highly uniform films, as evidenced by smaller spatial variations in fluorescent intensity and atomic force microscope surface roughness values. Fluorescent intensity values obtained after 14-W QCR operation were more repeatable and uniform. C1 Cornell Univ, Sch Appl Phys, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Microsensor Sci & Technol Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87122 USA. Cornell Univ, Sch Appl Phys, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Meyer, GD (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Sch Appl Phys, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM gdm24@cornell.edu; jmm248@cornell.edu; dwbranc@sandia.gov; hgc1@cornell.edu RI Moran-Mirabal, Jose/B-6908-2008; Moran-Mirabal, Jose/K-8888-2012 OI Moran-Mirabal, Jose/0000-0002-4811-3085; NR 8 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1530-437X J9 IEEE SENS J JI IEEE Sens. J. PD APR PY 2006 VL 6 IS 2 BP 254 EP 261 DI 10.1109/JSEN.2006.870172 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 028GG UT WOS:000236474400003 ER PT J AU Ordonez, R Spooner, JT Passino, KM AF Ordonez, R Spooner, JT Passino, KM TI Experimental studies in nonlinear discrete-time adaptive prediction and control SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON FUZZY SYSTEMS LA English DT Article ID RECURRENT NEURAL NETWORKS; FUZZY CONTROL; DYNAMICAL-SYSTEMS; UNIVERSAL APPROXIMATORS; SERIES PREDICTION; NET CONTROLLER; FEEDBACK; STABILIZATION; IDENTIFICATION; PERFORMANCE AB This paper presents implementation results using recently introduced discrete-time adaptive prediction and control techniques using online function approximators. We consider a process control experiment as our test bed, and develop a discrete-time adaptive predictor for liquid volume and a discrete-time adaptive controller for reference volume tracking. We use Takagi-Sugeno (TS) fuzzy systems as our function approximators, and for both prediction and control we investigate the use of a least-squares update of the fuzzy system's parameters. C1 Univ Dayton, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Ohio State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Ordonez, R (reprint author), Univ Dayton, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. EM ordonez@ieee.org NR 50 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1063-6706 J9 IEEE T FUZZY SYST JI IEEE Trans. Fuzzy Syst. PD APR PY 2006 VL 14 IS 2 BP 275 EP 286 DI 10.1109/TFUZZ.2005.864079 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA 032WL UT WOS:000236806800010 ER PT J AU De Geronimo, G Bolotnikov, AE Carini, G Fried, J O'Connor, P Soldner, SA AF De Geronimo, G Bolotnikov, AE Carini, G Fried, J O'Connor, P Soldner, SA TI Characterization of an ASIC for CPG sensors with grid-only depth of interaction sensing SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE application specific integrated circuit (ASIC); co-planar-grid (CPG); CZT ID CDZNTE DETECTORS; OPTIMIZATION AB A new version of the front-end application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) for co-planar-grid (CPG) sensors is presented. Compared to the first version, the ASIC is optimized for signal/noise performance, modified in peaking time, and it implements timing signals to measure the depth of interaction using the grids signals only. Experimental results using state-of the-art CPG sensors and different approaches for reducing the error due to electron trapping are reported. A new technique that makes use of the sum and difference of the grids signals is also presented. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Nonproliferat & natl Secur Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Energy Environm & Natl Secur Directorate, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Palermo, Dept Elect Engn, I-90100 Palermo, Italy. eV Prod, Saxonburg, PA 16056 USA. RP De Geronimo, G (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Nonproliferat & natl Secur Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD APR PY 2006 VL 53 IS 2 BP 456 EP 461 DI 10.1109/TNS.2006.871260 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 037JH UT WOS:000237142400006 ER PT J AU Baldini, L Brez, A Himel, T Hirayama, M Johnson, RP Kroeger, W Latronico, L Minuti, M Nelson, D Rando, R Sadrozinski, HFW Sgro, C Spandre, G Spencer, EN Sugizaki, M Tajima, H Cohen-Tanugi, J Ziegler, M AF Baldini, L Brez, A Himel, T Hirayama, M Johnson, RP Kroeger, W Latronico, L Minuti, M Nelson, D Rando, R Sadrozinski, HFW Sgro, C Spandre, G Spencer, EN Sugizaki, M Tajima, H Cohen-Tanugi, J Ziegler, M TI The silicon tracker readout electronics of the gamma-ray large area space telescope SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE application specific integrated circuits; data acquisition; gamma-ray astronomy detectors; multichip modules; silicon radiation detectors ID GLAST; DETECTOR; DESIGN AB A unique electronics system has been built and tested for reading signals from the silicon-strip detectors of the Gamma-ray Large Area Space Telescope mission. The system amplifies and processes signals from 884 736 36-cm strips using only 160 W of power, and it achieves close to 100 % detection efficiency with noise occupancy sufficiently low to allow it to self trigger. The design of the readout system is described, and results are presented from ground-based testing of the completed detector system. C1 Univ Pisa, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Dipartimento Fis, I-56100 Pisa 3, Italy. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, SCIPP, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis, I-35131 Padua, Italy. RP Baldini, L (reprint author), Univ Pisa, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Dipartimento Fis, I-56100 Pisa 3, Italy. EM rjohnson@scipp.ucsc.edu RI Baldini, Luca/E-5396-2012; Rando, Riccardo/M-7179-2013; Sgro, Carmelo/K-3395-2016; OI Sgro', Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214; Baldini, Luca/0000-0002-9785-7726 NR 14 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD APR PY 2006 VL 53 IS 2 BP 466 EP 473 DI 10.1109/TNS.2006.871259 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 037JH UT WOS:000237142400008 ER PT J AU Armstrong, S Assamagan, KA Baines, JTM Bee, CP Bellomo, M Biglietti, M Bogaerts, JA Boisvert, V Bosman, M Carlino, G Caron, B Casado, P Cataldi, G Cavalli, D Cervetto, M Comune, G Muino, PC Conventi, F De Santo, A de Seixas, JM Gomez, MD Di Mattia, A dos Anjos, A Dosil, M Ellis, N Emeliyanov, D Epp, B Falciano, S Farilla, A George, S Ghete, V Gonzalez, S Grothe, M Kabana, S Khomich, A Kilvington, G Konstantinidis, N Kootz, A Lowe, A Luminari, L Maeno, T Masik, J Meessen, C Mello, AG Merino, G Moore, R Morettini, P Negri, A Nikitin, N Nisati, A Padilla, C Panikashvili, N Parodi, F Perez-Reale, V Pinfold, JL Pinto, P Primavera, M Qian, Z Resconi, S Rosati, S Sanchez, C Santamarina, C Scannicchio, DA Schiavi, C Segura, E Sivoklokov, S Soluk, R Stefanidis, E Sushkov, S Sutton, M Tapprogge, S Thomas, E Touchard, F Pinto, BV Ventura, A Vercesi, V Werner, P Wheeler, S Wickens, FJ Wiedenmann, W Wielers, M Zobernig, H AF Armstrong, S Assamagan, KA Baines, JTM Bee, CP Bellomo, M Biglietti, M Bogaerts, JA Boisvert, V Bosman, M Carlino, G Caron, B Casado, P Cataldi, G Cavalli, D Cervetto, M Comune, G Muino, PC Conventi, F De Santo, A de Seixas, JM Gomez, MD Di Mattia, A dos Anjos, A Dosil, M Ellis, N Emeliyanov, D Epp, B Falciano, S Farilla, A George, S Ghete, V Gonzalez, S Grothe, M Kabana, S Khomich, A Kilvington, G Konstantinidis, N Kootz, A Lowe, A Luminari, L Maeno, T Masik, J Meessen, C Mello, AG Merino, G Moore, R Morettini, P Negri, A Nikitin, N Nisati, A Padilla, C Panikashvili, N Parodi, F Perez-Reale, V Pinfold, JL Pinto, P Primavera, M Qian, Z Resconi, S Rosati, S Sanchez, C Santamarina, C Scannicchio, DA Schiavi, C Segura, E Sivoklokov, S Soluk, R Stefanidis, E Sushkov, S Sutton, M Tapprogge, S Thomas, E Touchard, F Pinto, BV Ventura, A Vercesi, V Werner, P Wheeler, S Wickens, FJ Wiedenmann, W Wielers, M Zobernig, H TI Implementation and performance of the third level muon trigger of the ATLAS experiment at LHC SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE ATLAS; event filter; HLT; muons AB The trigger system of the ATLAS experiment at the LHC aims at a high selectivity in order to keep the full physics potential while reducing the 40 MHz initial event rate imposed by the LHC bunch crossing down to similar to 100 Hz, as required by the data acquisition system. Algorithms working in the final stage of the trigger environment (Event Filter) are implemented to run both in a "wrapped" mode (reconstructing tracks in the entire Muon Spectrometer) and in a "seeded" mode (according to a dedicated strategy that performs pattern recognition only in regions of the detector where trigger hypotheses have been produced at earlier stages). The working principles of the offline muon reconstruction and identification algorithms (MOORE and Muld) implemented and used in the framework of the Event Filter are discussed in this paper. The reconstruction performance of these algorithms is presented for both modes in terms of efficiency, momentum resolution, rejection power and execution times on several samples of simulated single muon events, also taking into account the high background environment expected for ATLAS. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. Univ Aix Marseille 2, CNRS, IN2P3, Ctr Phys Particules Marseille, F-13284 Marseille 07, France. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Univ Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. CERN, European Org Nucl Res, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. IFAE, Barcelona, Spain. Univ Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-80125 Naples, Italy. Univ Naples Federico 2, Naples, Italy. Univ Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H1, Canada. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-73100 Lecce, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Univ Milan, Milan, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Univ Genoa, Genoa, Italy. Univ Bern, High Energy Phys Lab, Bern, Switzerland. Univ London Royal Holloway & Bedford New Coll, Egham TW20 0EX, Surrey, England. Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Univ Geneva, Sect Phys, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Rome, Italy. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Rome, Italy. Leopald Franzens Univ, Inst Expt Phys, Innsbruck, Austria. Univ Rome Roma Tre, Rome, Italy. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Mannheim, Lehrstuhl Informat 5, D-6800 Mannheim 1, Germany. UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London, England. Berg Univ Wuppertal, Fachbereich Phys, Wuppertal, Germany. Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Inst Nucl Phys, Moscow, Russia. Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Phys, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, D-6500 Mainz, Germany. Univ Lisbon, Fac Ciencias, CFNUL, Lisbon, Portugal. Univ Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H1, Canada. Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Univ Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3P4, Canada. RP Armstrong, S (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM andrea.ventura@le.infn.it RI Bosman, Martine/J-9917-2014; Ventura, Andrea/A-9544-2015; Casado, Pilar/H-1484-2015; Santamarina Rios, Cibran/K-4686-2014 OI Bosman, Martine/0000-0002-7290-643X; Ventura, Andrea/0000-0002-3368-3413; Casado, Pilar/0000-0002-0394-5646; Cataldi, Gabriella/0000-0001-8066-7718; Nisati, Aleandro/0000-0002-5080-2293; Merino, Gonzalo/0000-0002-9540-5742; Santamarina Rios, Cibran/0000-0002-9810-1816 NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD APR PY 2006 VL 53 IS 2 BP 500 EP 505 DI 10.1109/TNS.2006.871504 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 037JH UT WOS:000237142400012 ER PT J AU Castoldi, A Galimberti, A Gatti, E Guazzoni, C Rehak, P Struder, L AF Castoldi, A Galimberti, A Gatti, E Guazzoni, C Rehak, P Struder, L TI X-ray 2-D position-sensing with multilinear silicon drift detectors SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE high-rate spectroscopy; position-sensing detector; silicon drift detectors; X-ray imaging ID TRANSPORT AB To be position sensitive, silicon drift detectors (SDDs) require a trigger signal synchronous with the interaction time (i.e., the start of the electrons' motion) since the interaction position along the drift coordinate is obtained from the measurement of the electrons' drift time. In the case of a photon interaction, the trigger must be provided by the detector itself. One way to obtain a fast trigger signal exploits the induction signal given by the holes collected by the p(+) strips close to the interaction point. We have designed and instrumented a multilinear SDD especially intended to study the self-triggering technique and its application to two-dimensional (2-D) X-ray position sensing. The measured position resolution along the drift coordinate is of the order of 10 ns with 10 keV photons, leading to a position resolution of 30 mu m rms at typical drift velocities. A comparable position resolution can be obtained on the lateral coordinate. By engineering the electron trajectory in the collection region, the anode capacitance can be minimized (< 0.1 pF) leading to excellent energy resolution even at room temperature. C1 Politecn Milan, Dipartimento Ingn Nucl, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Milano, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Politecn Milan, Dipartimento Elettron & Informaz, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Instrumentat Div, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-81739 Munich, Germany. RP Castoldi, A (reprint author), Politecn Milan, Dipartimento Ingn Nucl, I-20133 Milan, Italy. EM Andrea.Castoldi@polimi.it; Chiara.Guazzoni@mi.infn.it RI Guazzoni, Chiara/A-5070-2008 OI Guazzoni, Chiara/0000-0001-6399-8670 NR 7 TC 18 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD APR PY 2006 VL 53 IS 2 BP 601 EP 606 DI 10.1109/TNS.2006.870180 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 037JH UT WOS:000237142400029 ER PT J AU Bolotnikov, AE Camarda, GC Carini, GA Fiederle, A Li, L McGregor, S McNeil, W Wright, GW James, RB AF Bolotnikov, AE Camarda, GC Carini, GA Fiederle, A Li, L McGregor, S McNeil, W Wright, GW James, RB TI Performance characteristics of Frisch-ring CdZnTe detectors SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE CdZnTe; detectors; Frisch-ring; room-temperature semiconductor detectors; virtual Frisch-grid ID SEMICONDUCTOR RADIATION DETECTOR; GRID STRUCTURE AB The performance characteristics of Frisch-ring CdZnTe (CZT) detectors are described and compared with other types of CZT devices. The Frisch-ring detector is a bar-shaped CZT crystal with a geometrical aspect ratio of similar to 1 : 2. The side surfaces of the detector are coated with an insulating layer followed by a metal layer deposited directly upon the insulator. The simple design operates as a single-carrier device. Despite the simplicity of this approach, its performance depends on many factors that are still not fully understood. We describe results of testing several detectors fabricated from CZT material produced by different vendors and compare the results with numerical simulations of these devices. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11793 USA. Univ Freiburg, Freiburger Mat Forschungszentrum, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Yinnel Tech Inc, South Bend, IN 46619 USA. Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Bolotnikov, AE (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11793 USA. EM bolotnik@bnl.gov NR 15 TC 41 Z9 43 U1 1 U2 11 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD APR PY 2006 VL 53 IS 2 BP 607 EP 614 DI 10.1109/TNS.2006.871509 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 037JH UT WOS:000237142400030 ER PT J AU Hennig, W Tan, H Warburton, WK McIntyre, JI AF Hennig, W Tan, H Warburton, WK McIntyre, JI TI Single-channel beta-gamma coincidence detection of radioactive xenon using digital pulse shape analysis of phoswich detector signals SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE beta-gamma coincidence detection; digital pulse shape analysis; phoswich detector; radioxenon monitoring AB Monitoring radioactive xenon in the atmosphere is one of several methods used to detect nuclear weapons testing. To increase sensitivity, monitoring stations use a complex system of separate beta and gamma detectors to detect beta-gamma coincidences from the Xe isotopes of interest, which is effective but requires such careful gain matching and calibration that it is difficult to operate in the field. To simplify the system, a phoswich detector has been designed, consisting of optically coupled plastic and CsI scintillators to absorb beta particles and gamma rays, respectively. Digital pulse shape analysis (PSA) of the detector signal is used to determine if radiation interacted in either or both parts of the detector and to measure the energy deposited in each part, thus using only a single channel of readout electronics to detect beta-gamma coincidences and to measure both energies. Experiments with a prototype detector show that the technique can clearly separate event types, does not degrade the energy resolution, and has an error rate for detecting coincidences of less than 0.1%. Monte Carlo simulations of radiation transport and light collection in the proposed detector were performed to obtain optimum values for its design parameters and an estimate of the coincidence detection efficiency (82%-92%) and the background rejection rate (better than 99%). C1 XIA LLC, Newark, CA 94560 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Hennig, W (reprint author), XIA LLC, Newark, CA 94560 USA. EM whennig@xia.com RI McIntyre, Justin/P-1346-2014 OI McIntyre, Justin/0000-0002-3706-4310 NR 4 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 6 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD APR PY 2006 VL 53 IS 2 BP 620 EP 624 DI 10.1109/TNS.2006.870447 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 037JH UT WOS:000237142400032 ER PT J AU Adelman, J Annovi, A Bardi, A Belforte, S Carosi, R Catastini, P Cerri, A Dell'Orso, M Galeotti, S Giannetti, R Lewis, J Liu, T Maruyama, T Morsani, F Pedreschi, E Piendibene, M Pitkanen, M Reisert, B Ristori, L Shochet, M Spinella, F Yang, U AF Adelman, J Annovi, A Bardi, A Belforte, S Carosi, R Catastini, P Cerri, A Dell'Orso, M Galeotti, S Giannetti, R Lewis, J Liu, T Maruyama, T Morsani, F Pedreschi, E Piendibene, M Pitkanen, M Reisert, B Ristori, L Shochet, M Spinella, F Yang, U TI The "Road Warrior" for the CDF online silicon vertex tracker SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB The Online Silicon Vertex Tracker (SVT) is a new trigger processor dedicated to the 2-D reconstruction of charged particle trajectories at Level 2 of the CDF [1] trigger. The SVT links the digitized pulse heights found within the Silicon Vertex detector to the tracks reconstructed in the Central Outer Tracker by the Level I Fast Track finder. The SVT was recently modified in order to increase its efficiency. The new configuration uses all the Silicon Vertex detector layers. On the other hand the processing time has increased. This can be a problem at higher luminosities of the Tevatron. The "Road Warrior" is a new board that eliminates redundant track candidates before Track Fitting. It is based on the principle of the Associative Memory. The algorithm used is described in the paper, as well as the hardware implementation. C1 Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-34012 Trieste, Italy. LBNL, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. FNAL, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. RP Adelman, J (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RI Annovi, Alberto/G-6028-2012 OI Annovi, Alberto/0000-0002-4649-4398 NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD APR PY 2006 VL 53 IS 2 BP 648 EP 652 DI 10.1109/TNS.2006.871256 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 037JH UT WOS:000237142400037 ER PT J AU Smirnov, AN Raitses, Y Fisch, NJ AF Smirnov, AN Raitses, Y Fisch, NJ TI Electron cross-field transport in a miniaturized cylindrical Hall thruster SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 32nd International Conference on Plasma Science (ICOPS 2005) CY JUN, 2005 CL Monterey, CA DE Bohm diffusion; electron transport; Hall discharge; Langmuir probes; plasma propulsion; turbulence ID WALL CONDUCTIVITY; NEAR-WALL; PLASMA; DISCHARGE; FLOW AB Conventional annular Hall thrusters become inefficient when scaled to low power. Cylindrical Hall thrusters, which have lower surface-to-volume ratio, are more promising for scaling down. They presently exhibit performance comparable with conventional annular Hall thrusters. The present paper gives a review of the experimental and numerical investigations of electron cross-field transport in the 2.6-cm miniaturized cylindrical Hall thruster (100-W power level). We show that, in order to explain the discharge current observed for the typical operating conditions, the electron anomalous collision frequency nu(B) has to be on the order of the Bohm value, nu(B) approximate to omega(c)/16. The contribution of electron-wall collisions to cross-field transport is found to be insignificant. The optimal regimes of thruster operation at low background pressure (below 10(-5) torr) in the vacuum tank appear to be different from those at higher pressure (similar to 10(-4) torr). C1 Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Smirnov, AN (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM asmirnov@pppl.gov NR 45 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD APR PY 2006 VL 34 IS 2 BP 132 EP 141 DI 10.1109/TPS.2006.872185 PN 1 PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 035VN UT WOS:000237029900002 ER PT J AU Kantsyrev, VL Safronova, AS Fedin, DA Ivanov, VV Esaulov, AA Nalajala, V Shrestha, I Pokala, S Williamson, K Ouart, ND Yilmaz, MF Laca, P Cowan, TE Rudakov, LI Jones, B Coverdale, CA Deeney, C LePell, PD Velikovich, AL Chuvatin, AS AF Kantsyrev, VL Safronova, AS Fedin, DA Ivanov, VV Esaulov, AA Nalajala, V Shrestha, I Pokala, S Williamson, K Ouart, ND Yilmaz, MF Laca, P Cowan, TE Rudakov, LI Jones, B Coverdale, CA Deeney, C LePell, PD Velikovich, AL Chuvatin, AS TI Radiation properties and implosion dynamics of planar and cylindrical wire arrays, asymmetric and symmetric, uniform and combined X-pinches on the UNR 1-MA Zebra generator SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 32nd International Conference on Plasma Science (ICOPS 2005) CY JUN, 2005 CL Monterey, CA DE wire arrays; X-pinches; X-ray imaging; X-ray spectroscopy; Z-pinch ID VACUUM-SPARK PLASMA; CAPILLARY DISCHARGE; RAY SPECTROSCOPY; SPECTROPOLARIMETRY; EMISSION; BACKLIGHTER; ENERGY; MO AB In the following experiments, we studied implosions of different wire arrays and X-pinches produced on the 1-MA Zebra generator at the University of Nevada, Reno. Diagnostics included both spatially-resolved and time-gated X-ray imaging and spectroscopy, and laser probing. In particular, we compared planar wire arrays, to which little energy could be coupled via the conventional magnetic-to-kinetic conversion mechanism, to cylindrical wire arrays of comparable dimensions and mass. The planar wire arrays were shown to radiate much higher peak power and more energy in subkiloelectronvolt and kiloelectronvolt spectral ranges than cylindrical wire arrays. We tested the theoretical conjecture that enhanced resistivity due to the small-scale inhomogeneity of wire-array plasmas has a major effect on dynamics, energy coupling and radiation performance of wire-array Z-pinches. The study of Al, Alumel, and W cylindrical wire arrays shows a wide variety of characteristic behaviors in plasma implosions discussed hereinafter. Additional experimental results for symmetric and asymmetric, uniform stainless steel, Cu, Mo, combined Al/Mo, Mo/Al, Al/W, W/Al, and Mo/W X-pinches are also presented. New data for the total radiation yield are obtained. The planar structures of X-pinch plasma and the corresponding electron beam was observed for most of X-pinches. The generation of hot spots along original wires positions-cooler than those from the cross-wire region-and arc structures with hot spots between wires were found for X-pinches composed from Al, Cu, and W wires. C1 Univ Nevada, Reno, NV 89557 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Energy Res Ctr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Icarus Res Inc, Bethesda, MD 20824 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. KTech, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Ecole Polytech, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. RP Kantsyrev, VL (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Reno, NV 89557 USA. EM victor@physics.unr.edu RI Velikovich, Alexander/B-1113-2009; Cowan, Thomas/A-8713-2011 OI Cowan, Thomas/0000-0002-5845-000X NR 38 TC 48 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 6 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD APR PY 2006 VL 34 IS 2 BP 194 EP 212 DI 10.1109/TPS.2006.872173 PN 1 PG 19 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 035VN UT WOS:000237029900008 ER PT J AU Jones, B Deeney, C Coverdale, CA Meyer, CJ LePell, PD AF Jones, B Deeney, C Coverdale, CA Meyer, CJ LePell, PD TI Monochromatic X-ray self-emission imaging of imploding wire array Z-pinches on the Z accelerator SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 32nd International Conference on Plasma Science (ICOPS 2005) CY JUN, 2005 CL Monterey, CA DE magnetohydrodynamics; nonhomogenous media; plasma measurements; plasma pinch; K-shell radiation; X-ray imaging; X-ray measurements; X-ray production ID DIAMOND PHOTOCONDUCTING DETECTORS; SANDIA-Z-MACHINE; IMPLOSIONS; PLASMA; SIMULATIONS; DIAGNOSTICS; PHYSICS; ARGON; POWER AB A monochromatic X-ray self-emission imaging diagnostic has been developed for the Z accelerator, which drives 20 MA in 100 ns to implode wire array Z-pinches, generating up to 250 TW of soft X-ray radiation. This instrument reflects eight pinhole images from a flat Cr/C multilayer mirror (MLM) onto a 1-ns time-resolved microchannel plate detector. The MLM reflects 277-eV photons with similar to 5-eV bandwidth and 20% peak reflectivity, and an aluminized parylene filter shields the detector from visible light. High-energy bremsstrahlung X-rays do not follow the reflected beam path, and so the background on the shielded detector is reduced compared to a standard pinhole camera. The MLM-reflected images offer low-photon-energy spectral resolution that filtration alone cannot, yielding high-quality images of the final stages of the Z-pinch implosion. Initial data on Z from a Cu wire array will be presented. Observed phenomena include implosion instabilities, zippered implosion of a piston onto a precursor column during the onset of stagnation, accretion of trailing colder mass during the X-ray pulse, and cathode reemission. The inferred implosion velocity is significantly less than thin-shell implosion model calculations, and well below what is required for efficient Cu K-shell radiation. Instability-dominated, bright-spot Cu K-shell emission is seen on a second adjacent eight-frame filtered pinhole camera that is in the same beamline. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Ktech Corp Inc, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. RP Jones, B (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 43 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD APR PY 2006 VL 34 IS 2 BP 213 EP 222 DI 10.1109/TPS.2006.872177 PN 1 PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 035VN UT WOS:000237029900009 ER PT J AU Zhang, SY Wurden, GA Intrator, TP Ruden, EL Waganaar, WJ Grabowski, CT Renneke, RM Degnan, JH AF Zhang, SY Wurden, GA Intrator, TP Ruden, EL Waganaar, WJ Grabowski, CT Renneke, RM Degnan, JH TI High-density field-reversed configuration plasma for magnetized target fusion SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 32nd International Conference on Plasma Science (ICOPS 2005) CY JUN, 2005 CL Monterey, CA DE field-reversed configuration; fusion reactors; magnetized target fusion; plasma confinement; plasma generation; plasma measurements; plasma pinch; plasmas ID FRX-L; COMPRESSION; IMPLOSION AB Field reversed theta pinch technology is employed with programmed cusp fields at the theta coil ends to form high-density field-reversed configuration (FRC) plasmas. The well-formed FRC plasmas have volume-averaged density of 2 - 4 X 10(22) m(-3), total temperature (T-e + T-i) of 300-500 eV, and plasma lifetime between 10-20 mu s in 50-70 mtorr of deuterium static gas fill. The achieved FRC parameters are very close to the desired target plasma requirements for magnetized target fusion. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Plasma Phys Grp P24, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. Sci Applicat Int Corp, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. RP Zhang, SY (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM szhang9@wisc.edu RI Wurden, Glen/A-1921-2017 OI Wurden, Glen/0000-0003-2991-1484 NR 19 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD APR PY 2006 VL 34 IS 2 BP 223 EP 228 DI 10.1109/TPS.2006.872164 PN 1 PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 035VN UT WOS:000237029900010 ER PT J AU Wang, ZH Ticos, CM Dorf, LA Wurden, GA AF Wang, ZH Ticos, CM Dorf, LA Wurden, GA TI Microparticle probes for laboratory plasmas SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 32nd International Conference on Plasma Science (ICOPS 2005) CY JUN, 2005 CL Monterey, CA DE hypervelocity; internal magnetic field measurement; ion flow measurement; microparticle; plasma flow measurement; plasma gun ID DUST BEAM INJECTION; FLOWING PLASMA; ION COLLECTION; HYPERVELOCITY; SCATTERING; CHARGE; ACCELERATION; PARTICLES; PHYSICS; SPHERE AB Two applications of microparticles: (micron-size particles) for laboratory plasma diagnosis are discussed. The first application is about injecting hypervelocity microparticles [(RDI) for hypervelocity dust injection] for internal magnetic field measurement in high-temperature plasmas. Since the concept of HDI has already been examined in details in our previous works, the primary focus here is to compare different schemes of microparticle acceleration. A new design of HDI based on plasma-dynamic accelerator is described to inject multiple microparticles to velocities around 10 km/s simultaneously. The other application is about using microparticles to measure plasma flow [(mPTV) for microparticle tracer velocimetry]. Directions of plasma flow at multiple locations can be measured simultaneously using mPTV because ion drag dominates over other forces inside laboratory plasmas of order 10(19) m(-3) in density and a few electron volts in temperature. In addition to complex interactions between a microparticle with plasma, the magnitude of plasma flow may not be obtained directly from the microparticle velocity because of the time it takes for each microparticle to relax to local plasma velocity. In summary, microparticles are naturally small objects in all three dimensions and can, therefore, become useful diagnostics for laboratory plasmas with minimal perturbation. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Plasma Phys Grp P24, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Wang, ZH (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Plasma Phys Grp P24, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Ticos, Catalin/F-1677-2011; Wurden, Glen/A-1921-2017 OI Wurden, Glen/0000-0003-2991-1484 NR 35 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD APR PY 2006 VL 34 IS 2 BP 242 EP 248 DI 10.1109/TPS.2006.872161 PN 1 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 035VN UT WOS:000237029900013 ER PT J AU Ekdahl, C Abeyta, EO Aragon, P Archuleta, R Bartsch, R Bender, H Briggs, R Broste, W Carlson, C Chan, KCD Dalmas, D Eversole, S Frayer, D Gallegos, R Harrison, J Hughes, T Jacquez, E Johnson, D Johnson, J McCuistian, BT Montoya, N Mostrom, C Nath, S Oro, D Rowton, L Sanchez, M Scarpetti, R Schauer, M Schulze, M Tang, Y Tipton, A Tom, CY AF Ekdahl, C Abeyta, EO Aragon, P Archuleta, R Bartsch, R Bender, H Briggs, R Broste, W Carlson, C Chan, KCD Dalmas, D Eversole, S Frayer, D Gallegos, R Harrison, J Hughes, T Jacquez, E Johnson, D Johnson, J McCuistian, BT Montoya, N Mostrom, C Nath, S Oro, D Rowton, L Sanchez, M Scarpetti, R Schauer, M Schulze, M Tang, Y Tipton, A Tom, CY TI Long-pulse beam stability experiments on the DARHT-II linear induction accelerator SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE accelerator measurement systems; accelerators; induction accelerators; particle beams; stability AB When completed, the DARHT-II linear induction accelerator (LIA) will produce a 2-kA, 17-MeV electron beam in a 1600-ns flat-top pulse. In initial tests, DARHT-II accelerated beams with current pulse lengths from 500 to 1200 ns full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) with more than 1.2-kA, 12.5-MeV peak current and energy. Experiments have now been done with a similar to 1600-ns pulse length. These pulse lengths are all significantly longer than any other multimegaelectronvolt LIA, and they define a novel regime for high-current beam dynamics, especially with regard to beam stability. Although the initial tests demonstrated insignificant beam-breakup instability (BBU), the pulse length was too short to determine whether ion-hose instability would be present toward the end of a long, 1600-ns pulse. The 1600-ns pulse experiments reported here resolved these issues for the long-pulse DARHT-II LIA. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Bechtel Nevada, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. SAIC, Walnut Creek, CA 94596 USA. ATK Miss Res Corp, Albuquerque, NM 87110 USA. Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. RP Ekdahl, C (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM cekdahl@lanl.gov NR 21 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD APR PY 2006 VL 34 IS 2 BP 460 EP 466 DI 10.1109/TPS.2006.872481 PN 3 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 035VR UT WOS:000237030300007 ER PT J AU Wei, Y Chow, CL Vianco, P Fang, F AF Wei, Y Chow, CL Vianco, P Fang, F TI Isothermal fatigue damage model for lead-free solder SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DAMAGE MECHANICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress CY NOV 13-19, 2004 CL Anaheim, CA SP ASME DE damage; strain rate; isothermal fatigue; lead-free solder ID LOW-CYCLE FATIGUE; CONSTITUTIVE MODEL; ALLOY AB This article presents an investigation of lead-free solder material 95.5Sn-3.9Ag-0.6Cu under isothermal fatigue loading. The effects of strain rate on hysteresis loop and fatigue life over the total strain range from 0.4 to 1% at room temperature are investigated. A fatigue damage model is established to characterize the isothermal fatigue behavior of the material with the theory of damage mechanics. A fatigue failure criterion is proposed based on the concept of damage accumulation in solder material. The model takes into account the effect of strain rate in the development of constitutive and damage evolution equations. The life prediction is compared with the testing data and has shown a good agreement. C1 Univ Michigan, Dept Mech Engn, Dearborn, MI 48128 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Wei, Y (reprint author), Ford Motor Co, ATNPC, 35500 Plymouth Rd,Box 214, Livonia, MI 48150 USA. EM weiyong1998@yahoo.com NR 12 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 1056-7895 J9 INT J DAMAGE MECH JI Int. J. Damage Mech. PD APR PY 2006 VL 15 IS 2 BP 109 EP 119 DI 10.1177/1056789506060732 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Materials Science; Mechanics GA 031KH UT WOS:000236703000002 ER PT J AU Berryman, JG AF Berryman, JG TI Estimates and rigorous bounds on pore-fluid enhanced shear modulus in poroelastic media with hard and soft anisotropy SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DAMAGE MECHANICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress CY NOV 13-19, 2004 CL Anaheim, CA SP ASME DE anisotropy; poroelasticity; shear deformation; solid-fluid interaction ID POROUS-MEDIA; RANDOM POLYCRYSTALS; SEISMIC VELOCITIES; VARIATIONAL METHOD; ELASTIC PROPERTIES; ROCKS; DEPENDENCE; COMPRESSIBILITY; CONSTITUENTS; ATTENUATION AB A general analysis of poroelasticity for hexagonal, tetragonal, and cubic symmetry shows that four eigenvectors are pure shear modes with no coupling to the pore-fluid mechanics. The remaining two eigenvectors are linear combinations of pure compression and uniaxial shear, both of which are coupled to the fluid mechanics. The analysis proceeds by first reducing the problem to a 2 x 2 system. The poroelastic system including both anisotropy in the solid elastic frame (i.e., with 'hard anisotropy'), and also anisotropy of the poroelastic coefficients (the 'soft anisotropy') is then studied in some detail. In the presence of anisotropy and spatial heterogeneity, mechanics of the pore fluid induces shear dependence on fluid bulk modulus in the overall poroelastic system. This effect is always present (though sometimes small in magnitude) in the systems studied, and can be comparatively large (up to a maximum increase of about 20%) in some porous media - including porous glass and SchLIler-Cotton Valley sandstone presented here. General conclusions about poroelastic shear behavior are also related to some recently derived product formulas that determine overall shear response of these systems. Another method is also introduced based on rigorous Hashin-Shtrikman-style bounds for nonporous random polycrystals, followed by related self-consistent estimates of mineral constants for polycrystals. Then, another self-consistent estimation method is formulated for the porous case, and used to estimate drained and undrained effective poroelastic constants. These estimates are compared and contrasted with the results of the first method and a unified picture of the overall behavior is found in three computed examples for polycrystals of grains having tetragonal symmetry. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808 L-200, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM berryman1@llnl.gov RI Berryman, James/A-9712-2008 NR 36 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 3 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 1056-7895 EI 1530-7921 J9 INT J DAMAGE MECH JI Int. J. Damage Mech. PD APR PY 2006 VL 15 IS 2 BP 133 EP 167 DI 10.1080/1056789506060736 PG 35 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Materials Science; Mechanics GA 031KH UT WOS:000236703000004 ER PT J AU Worrell, E Price, L AF Worrell, E Price, L TI An integrated benchmarking and energy savings tool for the iron and steel industry SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GREEN ENERGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Process Development in Iron and Steel Making CY JUN 06-09, 2004 CL Lulea, SWEDEN ID EFFICIENCY; EMISSIONS AB Benchmarking call be a useful tool for understanding energy consumption patterns in all industrial facility and for designing policies to improve energy efficiency. Energy benchmarking for industry is a process in which the energy performance of an individual plant is compared against a common metric that represents 'standard' or 'optimal' performance. While benchmarking provides insights into the relative energy performance of the plant, it is also a good starting point for analysis of further improvement opportunities. In this paper, the development of all integrated benchmarking and energy efficiency evaluation tool, named BEST (Benchmarking and Energy Savings Tool), is described. The tool is based on a process-step benchmarking approach that allows for a wide variety of differences in feedstocks and products to be included in a fair comparison. BEST has been developed to support two Chinese integrated iron and steel plants in designing a strategic energy management program. BEST has been successfully applied to develop strategic energy-efficiency improvement targets. We describe the tool and report on its use. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Worrell, E (reprint author), Ecofys Energy & Environm, POB 8408, NL-3503 RK Utrecht, Netherlands. EM e.worrell@ecofys.nl RI Worrell, Ernst/L-5455-2013 OI Worrell, Ernst/0000-0002-0199-9755 NR 6 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 13 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1543-5075 J9 INT J GREEN ENERGY JI Int. J. Green Energy PD APR-JUN PY 2006 VL 3 IS 2 BP 117 EP 126 DI 10.1080/01971520500543962 PG 10 WC Thermodynamics; GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Energy & Fuels SC Thermodynamics; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Energy & Fuels GA 050TL UT WOS:000238111300002 ER PT J AU Laurinavichene, TV Fedorov, AS Ghirardi, ML Seibert, M Tsygankov, AA AF Laurinavichene, TV Fedorov, AS Ghirardi, ML Seibert, M Tsygankov, AA TI Demonstration of sustained hydrogen photoproduction by immobilized, sulfur-deprived Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cells SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY LA English DT Article DE hydrogen production; green algae; sulfur deprivation; immobilized cells; fiber glass matrix; photobioreactor; photosystem II; light intensity; Chlamydomonas reinharchtii ID LIGHT-INTENSITY; WATER-TREATMENT; H-2; PHOTOEVOLUTION; MICROALGAE; EVOLUTION; CULTURES; O-2 AB It was demonstrated that immobilized, sulfur-deprived algal cultures can photoproduce H-2. After identifying the optimal material and procedures for immobilization of Chlamyodomonas reinhardtii at high cell density, we examined the effect of liquid mixing, sulfate content, acetate levels and light intensity on the H-2-production activity of the culture. Our results indicate that (a) liquid mixing is important to provide homogeneous conditions for the immobilized culture; (b) sulfur deprivation is necessary for hydrogen production by immobilized cultures; and (c) high light intensity decreases H-2 production. The maximum total volume of H-2 produced by the system (160 ml of reactor volume) was 380 ml over 23 days, and the highest rate of H2 production observed was 45ml day(-1). Cell immobilization significantly increased the duration of the H-2-photoproduction phase (up to 4 weeks), maintained specific rates of H-2 photoproduction similar to those of suspension cultures and showed potential for large increases in H-2 production. (c) 2005 International Association for Hydrogen Energy. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 RAS, Inst Basic Biol Problems, Pushchino 142290, Moscow Region, Russia. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Fedorov, AS (reprint author), RAS, Inst Basic Biol Problems, Pushchino 142290, Moscow Region, Russia. EM falek@issp.serpukhov.su RI Tsygankov, Anatoly/K-6541-2013 OI Tsygankov, Anatoly/0000-0003-2376-5658 NR 28 TC 87 Z9 90 U1 1 U2 20 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0360-3199 J9 INT J HYDROGEN ENERG JI Int. J. Hydrog. Energy PD APR PY 2006 VL 31 IS 5 BP 659 EP 667 DI 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2005.05.002 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA 031DD UT WOS:000236683400013 ER PT J AU Hardy, JC Towner, IS Savard, G AF Hardy, JC Towner, IS Savard, G TI Mass measurements and superallowed beta decay SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article DE atomic mass; Q-value; systematics ID MAGNESIUM ISOTOPES; ENERGY CALIBRATION; ATOMIC MASSES; GAMMA-RAYS; PRECISION; MG-25(P,GAMMA)AL-26; RESONANCES; CAPTURE; VALUES AB A recent Penning-trap measurement of the masses of V-46 and Ti-16 leads to a Q(EC) value that disagrees significantly with the previously accepted value, and destroys overall consistency among the nine most precisely characterized T = 1 superallowed beta emitters. This raises the possibility of a systematic discrepancy between Penning-trap measurements and the reaction-based measurements upon which the QEC values depended in the past. We carefully re-analyze (n, gamma) and (p, gamma) reaction measurements in the 24 <= A <= 28 mass region, and compare the results to very precise Penning-trap measurements of the stable nuclei Mg-21, Mg-26 and Si-21. We thus determine upper limits to possible systematic effects in the reaction results, and go on to establish limits for the mass of radioactive Al-26 to which future on-line Penning-trap measurements can be compared. We stress the urgency of identifying or ruling out possible systematic effects. (C) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Texas A&M Univ, Inst Cyclotron, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Hardy, JC (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Inst Cyclotron, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM hardy@comp.tamu.edu NR 29 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3806 J9 INT J MASS SPECTROM JI Int. J. Mass Spectrom. PD APR 1 PY 2006 VL 251 IS 2-3 BP 95 EP 101 DI 10.1016/j.ijms.2005.12.052 PG 7 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA 038OL UT WOS:000237232100004 ER PT J AU Hausladen, PA Beene, JR Galindo-Uribarri, A Larochelle, Y Liang, JF Mueller, PE Shapira, D Stracener, DW Thomas, J Varner, RL Wollnik, H AF Hausladen, PA Beene, JR Galindo-Uribarri, A Larochelle, Y Liang, JF Mueller, PE Shapira, D Stracener, DW Thomas, J Varner, RL Wollnik, H TI Opportunistic mass measurements at the Holifield Radioactive Ion Beam Facility SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article DE nuclear masses; radioactive ion beams ID SECONDARY-ELECTRON EMISSION; POSITION; HRIBF AB A technique for measuring mass differences has been developed at the Holifield Radioactive Ion Beam Facility (HRMF) that requires no specialized equipment. Mass differences are measured as position differences between known and unknown-mass isobars, dispersed at the image of the energy-analyzing magnet following the 25 MV tandem post-accelerator, and identified by an energy-loss measurement. The technique has been demonstrated on neutron-rich Cu77-79 and Ge83-86 isotopes produced using the isotope separator online (ISOL) method with the U-231(p,fission) reaction, where a mass accuracy of 500 keV was achieved. These nuclides are well suited to the measurement technique, as they readily migrate out of the production target and to the ion source and comprise the most neutron-rich elements of the isobarically mixed beam. Because modest precision mass values can be obtained with only a few tens of counts of the nuclide of interest among orders of magnitude more of the isobaric neighbors closer to stability, the sensitivity of this technique makes it appropriate for initial mass measurements far from stability. (C) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. RP Hausladen, PA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci & Technol, Bldg 3500,MS-6010, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM hausladenpa@ornl.gov NR 9 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3806 J9 INT J MASS SPECTROM JI Int. J. Mass Spectrom. PD APR 1 PY 2006 VL 251 IS 2-3 BP 119 EP 124 DI 10.1016/j.ijms.2006.01.020 PG 6 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA 038OL UT WOS:000237232100007 ER PT J AU Stoitsov, MV Dobaczewski, J Nazarewicz, W Borycki, P AF Stoitsov, MV Dobaczewski, J Nazarewicz, W Borycki, P TI Large-scale self-consistent nuclear mass calculations SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article DE nuclear mass; many-body problem; density functional theory; large scale calculation; spontaneous symmetry breaking ID DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; PARTICLE NUMBER PROJECTION; FOCK-BOGOLYUBOV EQUATIONS; MEAN-FIELD MODELS; SPIN-ORBIT TERM; BAND TERMINATION; ENERGY DENSITY; SKYRME FORCES; DRIP-LINE; SYMMETRY AB The program of systematic large-scale self-consistent nuclear mass calculations that is based on the nuclear density functional theory represents a rich scientific agenda that is closely aligned with the main research directions in modern nuclear structure and astrophysics, especially the radioactive nuclear beam physics. The quest for the microscopic understanding of the phenomenon of nuclear binding represents, in fact, a number of fundamental and crucial questions of the quantum many-body problem, including the proper treatment of correlations and dynamics in the presence of symmetry breaking. Recent advances and open problems in the field of nuclear mass calculations are presented and discussed. (C) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Joint Inst Heavy Ion Res, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Bulgarian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res & Nucl Energy, BU-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria. Univ Warsaw, Inst Theoret Phys, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. Warsaw Univ Technol, Inst Phys, PL-00662 Warsaw, Poland. RP Nazarewicz, W (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM witek@utk.edu NR 79 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3806 J9 INT J MASS SPECTROM JI Int. J. Mass Spectrom. PD APR 1 PY 2006 VL 251 IS 2-3 BP 243 EP 251 DI 10.1016/j.ijms.2006.01.040 PG 9 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA 038OL UT WOS:000237232100022 ER PT J AU Savard, G Wang, JC Sharma, KS Sharma, H Clark, JA Boudreau, C Buchinger, F Crawford, JE Greene, JP Gulick, S Hecht, AA Lee, JKP Levand, AF Scielzo, ND Trimble, W Vaz, J Zabransky, BJ AF Savard, G Wang, JC Sharma, KS Sharma, H Clark, JA Boudreau, C Buchinger, F Crawford, JE Greene, JP Gulick, S Hecht, AA Lee, JKP Levand, AF Scielzo, ND Trimble, W Vaz, J Zabransky, BJ TI Studies of neutron-rich isotopes with the CPT mass spectrometer and the CARIBU project SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article DE mass measurement; Penning trap; neutron-rich isotopes ID PENNING TRAP; HEAVY; ACCURACY; VALUES AB The heavy neutron-rich isotopes area is the least explored region of the nuclear landscape. Although sensitive techniques exist to gather the required information on these isotopes, they just have not been made available in sufficient quantity and with the right properties for many of the most basic studies. Recent measurements at the Canadian Penning trap (CPT) mass spectrometer, using isotopes produced from the fission of Cf-252 stopped in the CPT gas catcher system, have allowed the mass of a number of neutron-rich isotopes to be determined. This approach is being further pursued in the CAREBU project with the installation of a new dedicated heavily shielded source and gas catcher that will yield four orders of magnitude higher neutron-rich isotope yield at low energy for mass measurements and Coulomb barrier energy for nuclear structure studies. (C) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Manitoba, Dept Phys & Astron, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada. McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Univ Maryland, Dept Chem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Savard, G (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM savard@anl.gov RI Crawford, John/A-3771-2012; OI Trimble, William L./0000-0001-7029-2676 NR 31 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3806 J9 INT J MASS SPECTROM JI Int. J. Mass Spectrom. PD APR 1 PY 2006 VL 251 IS 2-3 BP 252 EP 259 DI 10.1016/j.ijms.2006.01.047 PG 8 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA 038OL UT WOS:000237232100023 ER PT J AU Liu, L Zhang, JJ Han, W Pu, C Caverlee, J Park, S Critchlow, T Buttler, D Coleman, M AF Liu, Ling Zhang, Jianjun Han, Wei Pu, Calton Caverlee, James Park, Sungkeun Critchlow, Terence Buttler, David Coleman, Matthew TI XWRAPComposer: A multi-page data extraction service SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WEB SERVICES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE code generator; data extraction; service oriented architecture; Web services ID INFORMATION-SOURCES; ACCESS; INTEGRATION AB We present a service-oriented architecture and a set of techniques for developing wrapper code generators, including the methodology of designing an effective wrapper program construction facility and a concrete implementation, called XWRAPComposer Our wrapper generation framework has two unique design goals. First, we explicitly separate tasks of building wrappers that are specific to a Web service from the tasks that are repetitive for any service, thus the code can be generated as a wrapper library component and reused automatically by the wrapper generator system. Second, we use inductive learning algorithms that derive information flow and data extraction patterns by reasoning about sample pages or sample specifications. More importantly, we design a declarative rule-based script language for multi page information extraction, encouraging a clean separation of the information extraction semantics from the information flow control and execution logic of wrapper programs. We implement these design principles with the development of the XWRAPComposer toolkit, which can semi-automatically generate WSDL-enabled wrapper programs. We illustrate the problems and challenges of multipage data extraction in the context of bioinformatics applications and evaluate the design and development of XWRAPComposer through our experiences of integrating various BLAST services. C1 Georgia Inst Technol, Coll Comp, DiSL Lab, Res Program, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. IBM Corp, Res, Almaden Res Ctr, Armonk, NY 10504 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, BKC, Livermore, CA USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Biomed Biosci, Livermore, CA USA. RP Liu, L (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Coll Comp, DiSL Lab, Res Program, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. OI Coleman, Matthew/0000-0003-1389-4018 NR 45 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU IDEA GROUP PUBLISHING PI HERSHEY PA 701 E CHOCOLATE AVE, STE 200, HERSHEY, PA 17033-1240 USA SN 1545-7362 J9 INT J WEB SERV RES JI Int. J. Web. Serv. Res. PD APR-JUN PY 2006 VL 3 IS 2 BP 33 EP 60 DI 10.4018/jwsr.2006040102 PG 28 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA 090LB UT WOS:000240951700003 ER PT J AU Lin, HH Gaschen, BK Collie, M El-Fishaway, M Chen, ZW Korber, BT Beatrice, ST Zhang, LQ AF Lin, HH Gaschen, BK Collie, M El-Fishaway, M Chen, ZW Korber, BT Beatrice, ST Zhang, LQ TI Genetic characterization of diverse HIV-1 strains in an immigrant population living in New York City SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE HIV-1 subtype; NYC; vaccine; immigrants; CRF (circulating recombination forms) ID LANGERHANS CELL TROPISM; UNITED-STATES; TYPE-1 SUBTYPE; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; SENTINEL SITE; GROUP-O; SEQUENCES; SURVEILLANCE; RECOMBINANT; TRANSMISSION AB New York City (NYC) is one of the original foci of the HIV-1 epidemic and has a greater number of AIDS cases than any other city in the United States. NYC also hosts the highest number of immigrants among the nation's cities: more than 2 million among a total Population of 8 million. Such a high rate of immigration could act as a potential source for introducing and disseminating novel HIV-1 strains into the United States. Our current study focuses oil the genetic characterization of HIV-1 strains circulating in an immigrant Population in NYC. Of the 505 HIV-1-positive specimens obtained, 196 were available for viral sequencing from the C2 to V3 region of env. Phylogenetic analysis using maximum-likelihood and neighbor-joining methods demonstrated that non-B subtypes and circulating recombinant forms (CRFs) accounted for 43.4% (85 of 196 cases), whereas the remaining 56.6% (111 of 196) cases had viral variants similar to the typical North American subtype B virus. Of those non-B subtypes and CRFs, subtype A and CRF02 dominated (63.5% combined); other subtypes, including C, D, F1, G, CRF01_AE, and CRF06_cpx, were also detected. Two HIV-1 sequences do not Cluster with any known Subtypes or CRFs. Furthermore, the distribution of non-B subtypes and CRFs was consistent with the Countries of origin, suggesting that many of the study subjects were likely infected in their home Country before they entered the United States. Subtype B viruses identified in the immigrant population showed no significant differences from the typical North American B subtype, however, indicating that a significant proportion of the immigrants must have been infected after they came to the United States. Public health officials and physicians should be aware of the growing genetic diversity of HIV-1 in this country, particularly in areas with sizable immigrant populations. C1 Rockefeller Univ, Aaron Diamond AIDS Res Ctr, New York, NY 10016 USA. Dept Hlth, New York, NY USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Zhang, LQ (reprint author), Rockefeller Univ, Aaron Diamond AIDS Res Ctr, 455 1st Ave,7th Floor, New York, NY 10016 USA. EM sbeatric@health.nyc.gov; lzhang@adarc.org OI Korber, Bette/0000-0002-2026-5757 FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI-46964] NR 35 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD APR 1 PY 2006 VL 41 IS 4 BP 399 EP 404 DI 10.1097/01.qai.0000200663.47838.f1 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 031YN UT WOS:000236741200001 PM 16652046 ER PT J AU Zhu, YT AF Zhu, YT TI Nanostructured materials: From laboratory to commercialization SO JOM LA English DT Editorial Material ID SEVERE PLASTIC-DEFORMATION; METALS C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Zhu, YT (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 1047-4838 J9 JOM-US JI JOM PD APR PY 2006 VL 58 IS 4 BP 27 EP 27 DI 10.1007/s11837-006-0211-9 PG 1 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing GA 033CT UT WOS:000236824700003 ER PT J AU Lowe, TC AF Lowe, TC TI Metals and alloys nanostructured by severe plastic deformation: Commercialization pathways SO JOM LA English DT Article ID HIGH-PRESSURE TORSION; GRAIN-REFINEMENT; MECHANISMS; ALUMINUM AB Severe plastic deformation, which refines grain size and introduces nanoscale features in metals and alloys, offers the prospect of enhancing metal properties beyond the levels otherwise attainable. It allows stable deformation to larger strains than most conventional metal-forming methods, thereby increasing the degree of strengthening possible. Before a process can be commercialized, it must be established that there are significant market drivers. Once those drivers are established, an array of factors must be considered that can impede or augment commercialization. This work will introduce four of these: competition from other materials, appropriability, maturity of design paradigm, and distribution of complementary assets. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Sci & Technol Base Programs, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Lowe, TC (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Sci & Technol Base Programs, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. EM tlowe@lanl.gov NR 25 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 5 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 1047-4838 J9 JOM-US JI JOM PD APR PY 2006 VL 58 IS 4 BP 28 EP 32 DI 10.1007/s11837-006-0212-8 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing GA 033CT UT WOS:000236824700004 ER PT J AU Valiev, RZ Estrin, Y Horita, Z Langdon, TG Zehetbauer, MJ Zhu, YT AF Valiev, RZ Estrin, Y Horita, Z Langdon, TG Zehetbauer, MJ Zhu, YT TI Producing bulk ultrafine-grained materials by severe plastic deformation SO JOM LA English DT Article ID HIGH-PRESSURE TORSION; NANOSTRUCTURED MATERIALS; PROFILE ANALYSIS; ARB PROCESS; STRAIN-RATE; METALS; ALUMINUM; ALLOYS; CU; DUCTILITY AB This overview highlights very recent achievements and new trends in one of the most active and developing fields in modern materials science: the production of bulk ultrafine-grained (UFG) materials using severe plastic deformation (SPD). The article also summarizes the chronology of early work in SPD processing and presents clear and definitive descriptions of the terminology currently in use in this research at-ea. Special attention is given to the principles of the various SPD processing techniques as well as the major structural features and unique properties of bulk UFG materials that underlie their prospects for widespread practical utilization. C1 Ufa State Aviat Tech Univ, Inst Phys Adv Mat, Ufa, Russia. Tech Univ Clausthal, Inst Mat Sci & Technol, D-3392 Clausthal Zellerfeld, Germany. Kyushu Univ, Fac Engn, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Fukuoka, Japan. Univ So Calif, Dept Aerosp & Mech Engn, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ So Calif, Dept Mat Sci, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Vienna, Dept Phys Mat, Vienna, Austria. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Valiev, RZ (reprint author), Ufa State Aviat Tech Univ, Inst Phys Adv Mat, Ufa, Russia. EM langdon@usc.edu RI Langdon, Terence/B-1487-2008; Zhu, Yuntian/B-3021-2008 OI Zhu, Yuntian/0000-0002-5961-7422 NR 67 TC 780 Z9 812 U1 22 U2 185 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1047-4838 EI 1543-1851 J9 JOM-US JI JOM PD APR PY 2006 VL 58 IS 4 BP 33 EP 39 DI 10.1007/s11837-006-0213-7 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing GA 033CT UT WOS:000236824700005 ER PT J AU Tomkins, BA Van Berkel, GJ Jenkins, RA Counts, RW AF Tomkins, BA Van Berkel, GJ Jenkins, RA Counts, RW TI Quantitation of cotinine in nonsmoker saliva using chip-based nanoelectrospray tandem mass spectrometry SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ENVIRONMENTAL TOBACCO-SMOKE; RESPIRABLE SUSPENDED PARTICLES; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; AIR-QUALITY; ION SUPPRESSION; HUMAN PLASMA; EXPOSURE; INFUSION; NICOTINE; POPULATION C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Stat & Data Sci Grp, Div Math & Comp Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Organ & Biol Mass Spectrometry Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Tomkins, BA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Bldg 4500 S,Mail Stop 6120, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM tomkinsba@ornl.gov OI Tomkins, Bruce/0000-0001-8520-1415 NR 32 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU PRESTON PUBLICATIONS INC PI NILES PA 7800 MERRIMAC AVE PO BOX 48312, NILES, IL 60648 USA SN 0146-4760 J9 J ANAL TOXICOL JI J. Anal. Toxicol. PD APR PY 2006 VL 30 IS 3 BP 178 EP 186 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Toxicology GA 031TJ UT WOS:000236726700003 PM 16803652 ER PT J AU Sauter, NK Grosse-Kunstleve, RW Adams, PD AF Sauter, NK Grosse-Kunstleve, RW Adams, PD TI Improved statistics for determining the Patterson symmetry from unmerged diffraction intensities SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID DATA-COLLECTION; OSCILLATION CAMERA; UNIT CELLS; ALGORITHMS AB Procedures for detecting the point-group symmetry of macromolecular data sets are examined and enhancements are proposed. To validate a point group, it is sufficient to compare pairs of Bragg reflections that are related by each of the group's component symmetry operators. Correlation is commonly expressed in the form of a single statistical quantity (such as R-merge) that incorporates information from all of the observed reflections. However, the usual practice of weighting all pairs of symmetry-related intensities equally can obscure the fact that the various symmetry operators of the point group contribute differing fractions of the total set. In some cases where particular symmetry elements are significantly under-represented, statistics calculated globally over all observations do not permit conclusions about the point group and Patterson symmetry. The problem can be avoided by repartitioning the data in a way that explicitly takes note of individual operators. The new analysis methods, incorporated into the program LABELIT (http://cci.lbl.gov/labelit), can be performed early enough during data acquisition, and are quick enough that it is feasible to pause to optimize the data collection strategy. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Sauter, NK (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, 1 Cyclotron Rd,Bldg 64R0121, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM nksauter@lbl.gov RI Sauter, Nicholas/K-3430-2012; Adams, Paul/A-1977-2013 OI Adams, Paul/0000-0001-9333-8219 NR 29 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0021-8898 J9 J APPL CRYSTALLOGR JI J. Appl. Crystallogr. PD APR PY 2006 VL 39 BP 158 EP 168 DI 10.1107/S0021889805042299 PN 2 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA 021NZ UT WOS:000235991200004 ER PT J AU Tuncer, E Macdonald, JR AF Tuncer, E Macdonald, JR TI Comparison of methods for estimating continuous distributions of relaxation times SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SPECTRA; DISCRIMINATION; INVERSION; IMPEDANCE; RESONANCE AB The nonparametric estimation of the distribution of relaxation-time approach is not as frequently used in the analysis of dispersed response of dielectric or conductive materials as are other immittance data analysis methods based on parametric curve fitting techniques. Nevertheless, such distributions can yield important information about the physical processes present in measured material. In this paper, we apply two quite different numerical inversion methods to estimate the distribution of relaxation times for glassy Li0.5La0.5TiO3 dielectric frequency-response data at 225 K. Both methods yield unique distributions that agree very closely with the actual exact one accurately calculated from the corrected bulk-dispersion Kohlrausch model established independently by means of parametric data fit using the corrected modulus formalism method. The obtained distributions are also greatly superior to those estimated using approximate function equations given in the literature. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Fus Energy, Appl Superconductiv Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ N Carolina, Dept Phys & Astron, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RP Tuncer, E (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Fus Energy, Appl Superconductiv Grp, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM tuncere@ornl.gov OI Tuncer, Enis/0000-0002-9324-4324 NR 35 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD APR 1 PY 2006 VL 99 IS 7 AR 074106 DI 10.1063/1.2188053 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 032JO UT WOS:000236770900048 ER PT J AU Roberts, C Anderson, KL Murphy, E Projan, SJ Mounts, W Hurlburt, B Smeltzer, M Overbeek, R Disz, T Dunman, PM AF Roberts, C Anderson, KL Murphy, E Projan, SJ Mounts, W Hurlburt, B Smeltzer, M Overbeek, R Disz, T Dunman, PM TI Characterizing the effect of the Staphylococcus aureus virulence factor regulator, SarA, on log-phase mRNA half-lives SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; GENE-EXPRESSION; BACILLUS-SUBTILIS; 2-COMPONENT SYSTEM; IN-VITRO; MOLECULAR ARCHITECTURE; GLOBAL REGULATOR; BINDING PROTEIN; DNA TOPOLOGY; GLPD LEADER AB Bacterial pathogens regulate virulence factor expression at both the level of transcription initiation and mRNA processing/turnover. Within Staphylococcus aureus, virulence factor transcript synthesis is regulated by a number of two-component regulatory systems, the DNA binding protein SarA, and the SarA family of homologues. However, little is known about the factors that modulate mRNA stability or influence transcript degradation within the organism. As our entree to characterizing these processes, S. aureus GeneChips were used to simultaneously determine the mRNA half-lives of all transcripts produced during log-phase growth. It was found that the majority of log-phase transcripts (90%) have a short half-life (< 5 min), whereas others are more stable, suggesting that cis- and/or trans-acting factors influence S. aureus mRNA stability. In support of this, it was found that two virulence factor transcripts, cna and spa, were stabilized in a sarA-dependent manner. These results were validated by complementation and real-time PCR and suggest that SarA may regulate target gene expression in a previously unrecognized manner by posttranscriptionally modulating mRNA turnover. Additionally, it was found that S. aureus produces a set of stable RNA molecules with no predicted open reading frame. Based on the importance of the S. aureus agr RNA molecule, RNAIII, and small stable RNA molecules within other pathogens, it is possible that these RNA molecules influence biological processes within the organism. C1 Univ Nebraska, Med Ctr, Dept Pathol & Microbiol, Omaha, NE 68198 USA. Wyeth Ayerst Res, Bacterial Vaccines, Pearl River, NY 10965 USA. Wyeth Biol Technol, Cambridge, MA 02140 USA. USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. Fellowship Interpretat Genomes, Burr Ridge, IL 60527 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Dunman, PM (reprint author), 986495 Nebraska Med Ctr, Omaha, NE 68198 USA. EM pdunman@unmc.edu NR 62 TC 68 Z9 72 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD APR PY 2006 VL 188 IS 7 BP 2593 EP 2603 DI 10.1128/JB.188.7.2593-2603.2006 PG 11 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 027GP UT WOS:000236403300033 PM 16547047 ER PT J AU Nunez, C Esteve-Nunez, A Giometti, C Tollaksen, S Khare, T Lin, W Lovley, DR Methe, BA AF Nunez, C Esteve-Nunez, A Giometti, C Tollaksen, S Khare, T Lin, W Lovley, DR Methe, BA TI DNA microarray and proteomic analyses of the RpoS regulon in Geobacter sulfurreducens SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GENERAL STRESS-RESPONSE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; FE(III) REDUCTION; SIGMA-FACTOR; STATIONARY-PHASE; 2-DIMENSIONAL ELECTROPHORESIS; PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; TISSUE PROTEINS; CELL FRACTIONS AB The regulon of the sigma factor RpoS was defined in Geobacter sulfurreducens by using a combination of DNA microarray expression profiles and proteomics. An rpoS mutant was examined under steady-state conditions with acetate as an electron donor and fumarate as an electron acceptor and with additional transcriptional profiling using Fe(III) as an electron acceptor. Expression analysis revealed that RpoS acts as both a positive and negative regulator. Many of the RpoS-dependent genes determined play roles in energy metabolism, including the tricarboxylic acid cycle, signal transduction, transport, protein synthesis and degradation, and amino acid metabolism and transport. As expected, RpoS activated genes involved in oxidative stress resistance and adaptation to nutrient limitation. Transcription of the cytochrome c oxidase operon, necessary for G. sulfurreducens growth using oxygen as an electron acceptor, and expression of at least 13 c-type cytochromes, including one previously shown to participate in Fe(III) reduction (MacA), were RpoS dependent. Analysis of a subset of the rpoS mutant proteome indicated that 15 major protein species showed reproducible differences in abundance relative to those of the wild-type strain. Protein identification using mass spectrometry indicated that the expression of seven of these proteins correlated with the microarray data. Collectively, these results indicate that RpoS exerts global effects on G. sulfurreducens physiology and that RpoS is vital to G. sulfurreducens survival under conditions typically encountered in its native subsurface environments. C1 Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Biotechnol, Dept Mol Microbiol, Cuernavaca 62210, Morelos, Mexico. Univ Massachusetts, Dept Microbiol, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Argonne, IL USA. IIT Res Inst, Chicago, IL USA. Inst Genom Res, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. RP Nunez, C (reprint author), Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Biotechnol, Dept Mol Microbiol, Av Univ 2001,Col Chamilpa, Cuernavaca 62210, Morelos, Mexico. EM cinthia@ibt.unam.mx NR 61 TC 37 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD APR PY 2006 VL 188 IS 8 BP 2792 EP 2800 DI 10.1128/JB.188.8.2792-2800.2006 PG 9 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 032AL UT WOS:000236746200006 PM 16585740 ER PT J AU Hansen, DF Gorelsky, SI Sarangi, R Hodgson, KO Hedman, B Christensen, HEM Solomon, EI Led, JJ AF Hansen, DF Gorelsky, SI Sarangi, R Hodgson, KO Hedman, B Christensen, HEM Solomon, EI Led, JJ TI Reinvestigation of the method used to map the electronic structure of blue copper proteins by NMR relaxation SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE electronic structure; blue copper proteins; plastocyanin; NMR; paramagnetic nuclear relaxation; DFT ID ACTIVE-SITE STRUCTURE; PLASTOCYANIN SINGLE-CRYSTALS; NUCLEAR-RELAXATION; ANABAENA-VARIABILIS; SPECTROSCOPIC PROPERTIES; PARAMAGNETIC RELAXATION; SPINACH PLASTOCYANIN; CU(II) PLASTOCYANIN; ANGSTROM RESOLUTION; POPULATION ANALYSIS AB A previous method for mapping the electron spin distribution in blue copper proteins by paramagnetic nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxation (Hansen DF, Led JJ, 2004, J Am Chem Soc 126:1247-1253) suggested that the blue copper site of plastocyanin from Anabaena variabilis (A.v.) is less covalent than those found for other plastocyanins by other experimental methods, such as X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Here, a detailed spectroscopic study revealed that the electronic structure of A.v. plastocyanin is similar to those of other plastocyanins. Therefore, the NMR approach was reinvestigated using a more accurate geometric structure as the basis for the mapping, in contrast to the previous approach, as well as a more complete spin distribution model including Gaussian-type natural atomic orbitals instead of Slater-type hydrogen-like atomic orbitals. The refinement results in a good agreement between the electron spin density derived from paramagnetic NMR and the electronic structure description obtained by the other experimental methods. The refined approach was evaluated against density functional theory (DFT) calculations on a model complex of the metal site of plastocyanin in the crystal phase. In general, the agreement between the experimental paramagnetic relaxation rates and the corresponding rates obtained by the DFT calculations is good. Small deviations are attributed to minor differences between the solution structure and the crystal structure outside the first coordination sphere. Overall, the refined approach provides a complementary experimental method for determining the electronic structure of paramagnetic metalloproteins, provided that an accurate geometric structure is available. C1 Univ Copenhagen, Dept Chem, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. Stanford Univ, Dept Chem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Tech Univ Denmark, Dept Chem, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. RP Univ Copenhagen, Dept Chem, Univ Pk 5, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. EM led@kiku.dk OI Christensen, Hans Erik Molager/0000-0002-9540-8679 NR 72 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0949-8257 EI 1432-1327 J9 J BIOL INORG CHEM JI J. Biol. Inorg. Chem. PD APR PY 2006 VL 11 IS 3 BP 277 EP 285 DI 10.1007/s00775-005-0070-9 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 029SZ UT WOS:000236586000003 ER PT J AU Szailer, T Kwak, JH Kim, DH Hanson, JC Peden, CHF Szanyi, J AF Szailer, T Kwak, JH Kim, DH Hanson, JC Peden, CHF Szanyi, J TI Reduction of stored NOx on Pt/Al2O3 and Pt/BaO/Al2O3 catalysts with H-2 and CO SO JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS LA English DT Article DE NOx reduction; reduction efficiency Pt/Al2O3; Pt/BaO/Al2O3; FTIR; TR-XRD ID OXYGEN-RICH CONDITIONS; FT-IR; STORAGE; SPECTROSCOPY; ADSORPTION; ISOCYANATE; MECHANISM; BAO/AL2O3; PLATINUM; OXIDES AB in situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, coupled with mass spectrometry a the efficiency of nitrate reduction with CO and H-2 on Pt/Al-2-O-3 and Pt/BaO/Al2O3 NOx storage reduction (NSR) catalysts. Surface nitrates NO2 adsorption. and their reduction efficiencies were examined oil the catalysts together with the analysis of the gas-phase were generated by NO2 composition in the presence of the two different reductants. H-2 was found to be a more effective reducing agent than CO. In particular, the reduction of surface nitrates proceeds very efficiently with H-2 even at low temperatures (similar to 420 K). During reduction with CO2 isocyanates form and adsorb on the oxide components of the catalyst; however, these surface isocyanates readily react with water to form CO2 and ammonia. The NH3 at higher temperatures (> 473 K) to produce N-2. In the absence of H2O the NCO species are stable to high temperatures and are removed from the catalyst only when they react with NOx thermal decomposition products to form N-2 and CO2 The results of this study point to a complex reaction mechanism involving tile removal of Surface oxygen atoms from Pt particles by either H-2 or CO2 the direct reduction of stored NOx with H-2 (low-temperature NOx reduction), the formation and subsequent hydrolysis of NCO species, and the direct reaction of NCO with decomposing NOx (high-temperature NOx reduction). (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Inst Interfacial Catalysis, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Szanyi, J (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Inst Interfacial Catalysis, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM janos.szanyi@pnl.gov RI Hanson, jonathan/E-3517-2010; Kwak, Ja Hun/J-4894-2014; Kim, Do Heui/I-3727-2015; OI Peden, Charles/0000-0001-6754-9928 NR 31 TC 117 Z9 120 U1 7 U2 39 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9517 J9 J CATAL JI J. Catal. PD APR 1 PY 2006 VL 239 IS 1 BP 51 EP 64 DI 10.1016/j.jcat.2006.01.014 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 027MN UT WOS:000236419800006 ER PT J AU Herrera, JE Kwak, JH Hu, JZ Wang, Y Peden, CHF Macht, J Iglesia, E AF Herrera, JE Kwak, JH Hu, JZ Wang, Y Peden, CHF Macht, J Iglesia, E TI Synthesis, characterization, and catalytic function of novel highly dispersed tungsten oxide catalysts on inesoporous silica SO JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS LA English DT Article DE tungsten oxide; SBA-15; methanol dehydration; 2-butanol dehydration; DRS UV-vis; TEM; H-1 NMR; XRD; TPO ID MESOPOROUS MOLECULAR-SIEVES; BRONSTED ACID SITES; SKELETAL ISOMERIZATION; ISOBUTANE DEHYDROGENATION; SELECTIVE ISOMERIZATION; ACTIVATED CARBON; SURFACE-ACIDITY; METAL-OXIDES; PROTON NMR; DEHYDRATION AB The physical and chemical properties of tungsten oxide supported on SBA-15 rnesoporous silica prepared by a controlled grafting process through atomic layer deposition (ALD) were studied using complementary characterization methods. X-ray diffraction, optical absorption, and transmission electron microscopy showed that tungsten oxide species are highly dispersed on SBA-15 surfaces, even at 30 wt% WO, content (surface density, 1.33 WOx/nm(2)). ALD methods led to samples with much better thermal stability than those prepared via impregnation. Dehydration reactions of 2-butanol and methanol dehydration were used as probe reactions. Differences in reaction rates between the samples prepared by ALD and conventional impregnation may reflect the sintering resistance of catalysts prepared by ALD. Notably, temperature-programmed oxidation of spent catalysts showed that carbon formation was not responsible for the different dehydration rates in samples prepared by ALD and impregnation. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Inst Interfacial Catalysis, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Peden, CHF (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Inst Interfacial Catalysis, POB 999,MS K8-98, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM chuck.peden@pnl.gov RI Hu, Jian Zhi/F-7126-2012; Wang, Yong/C-2344-2013; Kwak, Ja Hun/J-4894-2014; Iglesia, Enrique/D-9551-2017 OI Iglesia, Enrique/0000-0003-4109-1001 NR 61 TC 86 Z9 86 U1 6 U2 62 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9517 J9 J CATAL JI J. Catal. PD APR 1 PY 2006 VL 239 IS 1 BP 200 EP 211 DI 10.1016/j.jcat.2006.01.034 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 027MN UT WOS:000236419800020 ER PT J AU Firestone, R AF Firestone, R TI A consideration of the potassium-argon radiometric method for dating minerals - Response SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL EDUCATION LA English DT Letter C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Firestone, R (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM RBFirestone@lbl.gov OI Firestone, Richard/0000-0003-3833-5546 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-9584 J9 J CHEM EDUC JI J. Chem. Educ. PD APR PY 2006 VL 83 IS 4 BP 547 EP 548 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Education, Scientific Disciplines SC Chemistry; Education & Educational Research GA 022CI UT WOS:000236031900006 ER PT J AU Beaton, M Bricklin, J Charland, LC Edwards, JCW Farber, I Faw, B Gennaro, RJ Kaernbach, C Nunn, C Panksepp, J Prinz, J Ratcliffe, M Ross, JA Murray, S Stapp, H Watt, DF AF Beaton, Michael Bricklin, Jonathan Charland, Louis C. Edwards, Jonathan C. W. Farber, Ilya Faw, Bill Gennaro, Rocco J. Kaernbach, Christian Nunn, Chris Panksepp, Jaak Prinz, Jesse Ratcliffe, Matthew Ross, J. Andrew Murray, Shanahan Stapp, Henry Watt, Douglas F. TI Switched-on consciousness - Clarifying what it means - Response to de Quincey SO JOURNAL OF CONSCIOUSNESS STUDIES LA English DT Editorial Material ID NONCONCEPTUAL CONTENT; PERCEPTION; PROPERTY; STATE; MIND C1 Univ Sussex, Ctr Res Cognit Sci, Brighton BN1 9RH, E Sussex, England. Univ Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada. Singapore Management Univ, Singapore, Singapore. Indiana State Univ, Terre Haute, IN 47809 USA. Univ Bonn, D-5300 Bonn, Germany. Bowling Green State Univ, Bowling Green, OH 43403 USA. Washington State Univ, Endowed Chair Anim Wellbeing Sci, Sch Vet, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Univ N Carolina, Dept Philosophy, Chapel Hill, NC USA. Univ Durham, Durham DH1 3HP, England. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Comp, London SW7 2AZ, England. Univ Calif Berkeley, Theoret Phys Grp, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Boston Univ, Sch Med, Quincy Med Ctr, Boston, MA 02118 USA. RP Beaton, M (reprint author), Univ Sussex, Ctr Res Cognit Sci, Brighton BN1 9RH, E Sussex, England. EM M.J.S.Beaton@Sussex.ac.uk; bricklin@earthlink.net; charland@uwo.ca; jo.edwards@ucl.ac.uk; ilya@reductio.com; bfaw@bpc.edu; rocco@indstate.edu; cmhnunn@btinternet.com; jpanksepp@vetmed.wsu.edu; jesse@subcortex.com; m.j.ratcliffe@durham.ac.uk; me@andyross.net; m.shanahan@imperial.ac.uk; hpstapp@lbl.gov; dfwatt@rcn.com NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU IMPRINT ACADEMIC PI EXETER PA PO BOX 200, EXETER EX5 5YX, DEVON, ENGLAND SN 1355-8250 J9 J CONSCIOUSNESS STUD JI J. Conscious. Stud. PD APR PY 2006 VL 13 IS 4 BP 13 EP 36 PG 24 WC Philosophy; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Philosophy; Social Sciences - Other Topics GA 044TO UT WOS:000237695500003 ER PT J AU Barenboim, G Requejo, OM Quigg, C AF Barenboim, G Requejo, OM Quigg, C TI Observational constraints on undulant cosmologies SO JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE dark energy theory; cosmological constant experiments; power spectrum ID FLUX-AVERAGING ANALYSIS; EQUATION-OF-STATE; IA SUPERNOVA DATA; DARK ENERGY; GALAXY CLUSTERS; CONSTANT; UNIVERSE; MODEL; QUINTESSENCE; EVOLUTION AB In an undulant universe, cosmic expansion is characterized by alternating periods of acceleration and deceleration. We examine cosmologies in which the dark energy equation of state varies periodically with the number of e-foldings of the scale factor of the universe, and use observations to constrain the frequency of oscillation. We find a tension between a forceful response to the cosmic coincidence problem and the standard treatment of structure formation. C1 Univ Valencia, Dept Fis Teor, E-46100 Valencia, Spain. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Dept Theoret Phys, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Univ Valencia, Dept Fis Teor, Carrer Dr Moliner 50, E-46100 Valencia, Spain. EM Gabriela.Barenboim@uv.es; omena@fnal.gov; quigg@fnal.gov OI Quigg, Chris/0000-0002-2728-2445 NR 50 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1475-7516 J9 J COSMOL ASTROPART P JI J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. PD APR PY 2006 IS 4 AR 008 DI 10.1088/1475-7516/2006/04/008 PG 21 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 040HJ UT WOS:000237369300004 ER PT J AU Smalley, JF Newton, MD Feldberg, SW AF Smalley, JF Newton, MD Feldberg, SW TI A simple comparison of interfacial electron-transfer rates for surface-attached and bulk solution-dissolved redox moieties SO JOURNAL OF ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE interfacial electron-transfer kinetics; electron tunneling; surface-attached redox couples; solution-dissolved redox couples ID SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS; TRANSFER KINETICS; ALKANETHIOL MONOLAYERS; MERCURY-ELECTRODES; DEPENDENCE; FERROCENE; GOLD; MOLECULES; JUNCTIONS; DISTANCE AB A relationship is developed that facilitates a comparison between the standard electron-transfer rate constant (k(0)) of a redox couple covalently attached (as a constituent of a self-assembled monolayer (SAM)) to an electrode and the k(0) of a similar redox couple dissolved in an electrolyte solution in contact with a similar (but not electroactive) electrode/SAM assembly. Such comparisons performed for ferrocene and ruthenium redox couples demonstrate that the (normalized) rate of electron-transfer (and, also, the electronic coupling) for a solution-dissolved couple through an alkanethiol SAM/aqueous electrolyte solution interface is, within one order of magnitude, equal to that for a covalently attached redox species. A related comparison involving the Marcus theory limiting rate constants for solution-dissolved couples and the Arrhenius preexponential factors for attached couples supplies additional evidence for this surprising result. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Smalley, JF (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM smalley@bnl.gov NR 31 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 2 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0022-0728 J9 J ELECTROANAL CHEM JI J. Electroanal. Chem. PD APR 1 PY 2006 VL 589 IS 1 BP 1 EP 6 DI 10.1016/j.jelechem.2005.11.036 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry GA 033RX UT WOS:000236867900001 ER PT J AU Petit, L Schulthess, TC Svane, A Temmerman, WM Szotek, Z Janotti, A AF Petit, L Schulthess, TC Svane, A Temmerman, WM Szotek, Z Janotti, A TI Valency configuration of transition metal impurities in ZnO SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 47th Electronic Materials Conference CY JUN, 2005 CL Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA HO Univ Calif Santa Barbara DE correlated electrons; diluted magnetic semiconductors; self-interaction correction ID MN-DOPED ZNO; DILUTED MAGNETIC SEMICONDUCTORS; SPIN-DENSITY APPROXIMATION; FERROMAGNETIC PROPERTIES; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; THIN-FILMS; OXIDE; SPINTRONICS; ZN1-XCOXO AB We use the self-interaction corrected local spin-density approximation to investigate the ground state valency configuration of transition metal (TM = Mn, Co) impurities in n- and p-type ZnO. We find that in pure Zn1-xTMxO, the localized TM2+ configuration is energetically favored over the itinerant d-electron configuration of the local spin density (LSD) picture. Our calculations indicate furthermore that the (+/0) donor level is situated in the ZnO gap. Consequently, for n-type conditions, with the Fermi energy epsilon(F) close to the conduction band minimum, TM remains in the 2+ charge state, while for p-type conditions, with epsilon(F) close to the valence band maximum, the 3+ charge state is energetically preferred. In the latter scenario, modeled here by co-doping with N, the additional delocalized d-electron charge transfers into the entire states at the top of the valence band, and hole carriers will only exist, if the N concentration exceeds the TM impurity concentration. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Computat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Aarhus, Dept Phys & Astron, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark. SERC, Daresbury Lab, Warrington WA4 4AD, Cheshire, England. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Mat, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. RP Petit, L (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM 18p@ornl.gov RI Petit, Leon/B-5255-2008; Janotti, Anderson/F-1773-2011; OI Janotti, Anderson/0000-0001-5028-8338; Petit, Leon/0000-0001-6489-9922 NR 32 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 6 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD APR PY 2006 VL 35 IS 4 BP 556 EP 561 DI 10.1007/s11664-006-0099-8 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 036UQ UT WOS:000237101800010 ER PT J AU Bogart, KHA Crofton, J AF Bogart, KHA Crofton, J TI Calculations and measurements of contact resistance of semi-transparent Ni/Pd contacts to p-GaN SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 47th Electronic Materials Conference CY JUN, 2005 CL Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA HO Univ Calif Santa Barbara DE p-GaN; contact; Pd; x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS); Ni ID LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; NI/AU OHMIC CONTACTS; OXIDIZED NI/AU; ELECTRICAL-PROPERTIES; TRANSPARENCY; NI; PERFORMANCE; MECHANISM; FILMS; POWER AB Calculations of specific contact resistance as a function of doping and barrier height were performed for p-type GaN. These calculations took into account two valence bands, each with different effective masses, and show that at low doping, the heavy hole band accounts for most of the conduction, whereas at heavier doping, the light hole band dominates conduction. These calculations also indicate the barrier height for typical contacts to p-GaN is between 0.75 eV and 1 eV. Specific contact resistance measurements were made for oxidized Ni/Au, Pd, and oxidized Ni/Pd ohmic contact metal schemes to p-GaN. The Ni/Pd contact had the lowest specific contact resistance, 6 x 10(-4) ohm cm(2). Auger sputter depth profile analysis showed some Ni diffused away from the GaN surface to the contact surface with the bulk of the Pd located in between two areas of Ni. Both Ni and Pd interdiffused with the GaN at the semiconductor surface. The majority of the oxygen observed was with the Ni as NiO. Angle-resolved-x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (AR-XPS) analyses showed the formation of predominantly NiO and PdO species, with higher Ni and Pd oxides at the contact surface. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Murray State Univ, Murray, KY 42071 USA. Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. RP Bogart, KHA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM khbogar@sandia.gov NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 11 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD APR PY 2006 VL 35 IS 4 BP 605 EP 612 DI 10.1007/s11664-006-0107-z PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 036UQ UT WOS:000237101800018 ER PT J AU Chung, T Limb, J Ryou, JH Lee, W Li, P Yoo, DW Zhang, XB Shen, SC Dupuis, RD Keogh, D Asbeck, P Chukung, B Feng, M Zakharov, D Lilienthal-Weber, Z AF Chung, T Limb, J Ryou, JH Lee, W Li, P Yoo, DW Zhang, XB Shen, SC Dupuis, RD Keogh, D Asbeck, P Chukung, B Feng, M Zakharov, D Lilienthal-Weber, Z TI Growth of InGaN HBTs by MOCVD SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 47th Electronic Materials Conference CY JUN, 2005 CL Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA HO Univ Calif Santa Barbara DE heterojunction bipolar transistor (HBT); gallium nitride (GaN); metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD); InGaN ID HETEROJUNCTION BIPOLAR-TRANSISTORS; HIGH-CURRENT GAIN; GAN; VOLTAGE AB The design and growth of GaN/InGaN heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBTs) by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) are studied. Atomic-force microscopy (AFM) images of p(+)InGaN base layers (similar to 100 nm) deposited under various growth conditions indicate that the optimal growth temperature is limited to the range between 810 and 830 degrees C due to a trade-off between surface roughness and indium incorporation. At these temperatures, the growth pressure must be kept above 300 Torr in order to keep surface pit density under control. An InGaN graded-composition emitter is adopted in order to reduce the number of V-shaped defects, which appear at the interface between GaN emitter and InGaN base and render an abrupt emitter-base heterojunction nearly impossible. However, the device performance is severely limited by the high p-type base contact resistance due to surface etching damage, which resulted from the emitter mesa etch. C1 Georgia Inst Technol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Illinois, Ctr Micro & Nanoelect, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Chung, T (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, 777 Atlantic Dr, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM tchung@ece.gatech.edu RI Zakharov, Dmitri/F-4493-2014 NR 11 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 11 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD APR PY 2006 VL 35 IS 4 BP 695 EP 700 DI 10.1007/s11664-006-0123-z PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 036UQ UT WOS:000237101800034 ER PT J AU Wimer, JG Keairns, D Parsons, EL Ruether, JA AF Wimer, JG Keairns, D Parsons, EL Ruether, JA TI Integration of gas turbines adapted for syngas fuel with cryogenic and membrane-based air separation units: Issues to consider for system studies SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING FOR GAS TURBINES AND POWER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article AB The purpose of this paper is to aid systems analysts in the design, modeling, and assessment of advanced, gasification-based power generation systems,featuring air separation units (ASUs) integrated with gas turbines adapted for syngas fuel. First, the fundamental issues associated with operating a gas turbine on syngas will be reviewed, along with the motivations for extracting air from the turbine-compressor and/or injecting nitrogen into the turbine expander. Configurations for nitrogen-only and air-nitrogen ASU integration will be described, including the benefits and drawbacks of each. Cryogenic ASU technology will be summarized for both low-pressure and elevated-pressure applications and key design and integration issues will be identified and discussed. Finally, membrane-bared ASU technology will be described and contrasted with cryogenic technology in regard to system design and integration. C1 Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. RP Wimer, JG (reprint author), Natl Energy Technol Lab, 3610 Collins Ferry Rd, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. NR 23 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0742-4795 J9 J ENG GAS TURB POWER JI J. Eng. Gas. Turbines Power-Trans. ASME PD APR PY 2006 VL 128 IS 2 BP 271 EP 280 DI 10.1115/1.2056535 PG 10 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 036AU UT WOS:000237043900005 ER PT J AU Roberts, RA Brouwer, J Liese, E Gemmen, RS AF Roberts, RA Brouwer, J Liese, E Gemmen, RS TI Dynamic simulation of carbonate fuel cell-gas turbine hybrid systems SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING FOR GAS TURBINES AND POWER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 49th International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition CY JUN 13-17, 2004 CL Vienna, AUSTRIA AB Hybrid fuel cell/gas turbine systems provide an efficient means of producing electricity from fossil fuels with ultra low emissions. However, there are many significant challenges involved in integrating the fuel cell with the gas turbine and other components of this type of system. The fuel cell and the gas turbine must maintain efficient operation and electricity production while protecting equipment during perturbations that may occur when the system is connected to the utility grid or in stand-alone mode. This paper presents recent dynamic simulation results from two laboratories focused on developing tools to aid in the design and dynamic analyses of hybrid fuel cell systems. The simulation results present the response of a carbonate fuel cell/gas turbine, or molten carbonate fuel cell/gas turbine, (MCFCIGGT) hybrid system to a load demand perturbation. Initial results suggest that creative control strategies will be needed to ensure a flexible system with wide turndown and robust dynamic operation. C1 Univ Calif Irvine, Natl Fuel Cell Res Ctr, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV USA. RP Roberts, RA (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Natl Fuel Cell Res Ctr, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. NR 11 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 8 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0742-4795 J9 J ENG GAS TURB POWER JI J. Eng. Gas. Turbines Power-Trans. ASME PD APR PY 2006 VL 128 IS 2 BP 294 EP 301 DI 10.1115/1.1852565 PG 8 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 036AU UT WOS:000237043900008 ER PT J AU Pint, BA AF Pint, BA TI Stainless steels with improved oxidation resistance for recuperators SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING FOR GAS TURBINES AND POWER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 49th International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition CY JUN 13-17, 2004 CL Vienna, AUSTRIA ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE OXIDATION; WATER-VAPOR; MICROTURBINES; CORROSION; ALLOYS AB New materials are being evaluated to replace type 347 stainless steel in microturbine recuperators operating at higher temperatures in order to increase the efficiency of the microturbine. Commercial alloys 120 and 625 are being tested along with potentially lower cost substitutes, such as Fe-20Cr-25Ni and Fe-20Cr-20Ni. Long-term testing of these materials at 650-700 degrees C shows excellent corrosion resistance to a simulated exhaust gas environment. Testing at 800 degrees C has been used to further differentiate the performance of the various materials. The depletion of Cr from foils of there materials is being used to evaluate the rate of attack. Although those alloys with the highest Ni and Cr contents have longer lives in this environment, lower alloyed steels may have sufficient protection at a lower cost. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Pint, BA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM pintba@ornl.gov RI Pint, Bruce/A-8435-2008 OI Pint, Bruce/0000-0002-9165-3335 NR 32 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 4 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0742-4795 J9 J ENG GAS TURB POWER JI J. Eng. Gas. Turbines Power-Trans. ASME PD APR PY 2006 VL 128 IS 2 BP 370 EP 376 DI 10.1115/1.2056531 PG 7 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 036AU UT WOS:000237043900017 ER PT J AU Prime, MB Hill, MR AF Prime, MB Hill, MR TI Uncertainty, model error, and order selection for series-expanded, residual-stress inverse solutions SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article ID HOLE-DRILLING METHOD; DISTRIBUTIONS; COMPOSITE; PLATE AB Measuring the spatial variation of residual stresses often requires the solution of an elastic inverse problem such as a Volterra equation. Using a maximum likelihood estimate (least squares fit), a series expansion for the spatial distribution of stress or underlying eigenstrain can be an effective solution. Measurement techniques that use a series expansion inverse include incremental slitting (crack compliance), incremental hole drilling, a modified Sach's method, and others. This paper presents a comprehensive uncertainty analysis and order selection methodology, with detailed development for the slitting method. For the uncertainties in the calculated stresses caused by errors in the measured data, an analytical formulation is presented which includes the usually ignored but important contribution of covariances between the fit parameters. Using Monte Carlo numerical simulations, it is additionally demonstrated that accurate uncertainty estimates require the estimation of model error; the ability of the chosen series expansion to fit the actual stress variation. An original method for estimating model error for a series expansion inverse solution is presented. Finally, it is demonstrated that an optimal order for the series expansion can usually be chosen by minimizing the estimated uncertainty in the calculated stresses. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Engn Sci & Applicat Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Mech & Aeronaut Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Prime, MB (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Engn Sci & Applicat Div, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM prime@lanl.gov RI Hill, Michael/A-2525-2016; OI Hill, Michael/0000-0002-9168-211X; Prime, Michael/0000-0002-4098-5620 NR 45 TC 38 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 8 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0094-4289 J9 J ENG MATER-T ASME JI J. Eng. Mater. Technol.-Trans. ASME PD APR PY 2006 VL 128 IS 2 BP 175 EP 185 DI 10.1115/1.2172278 PG 11 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 028ZC UT WOS:000236526300008 ER PT J AU Petrova, AE Krasnorusskii, VN Sarrao, J Stishov, SM AF Petrova, AE Krasnorusskii, VN Sarrao, J Stishov, SM TI On the tricritical point in MnSi under high pressures SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL AND THEORETICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM PHASE-TRANSITION; ITINERANT FERROMAGNET; HYDROSTATIC-PRESSURE; SPIN FLUCTUATIONS; ELECTRON; STATE AB The magnetic susceptibility of a MnSi single crystal is measured in the region of the ferromagnetic phase transition under pressures up to 0.8 GPa in compressed helium. It is found that the tricritical point on the phase-transition curve corresponds to a much lower pressure and a considerably higher temperature (P-tr approximate to 0.355 GPa and T-tr approximate to 25.2 K) than was reported earlier (P-tr approximate to 1.2 GPa and T-tr approximate to 12 K). New results impose certain limitations on theoretical analysis of tricritical phenomena in MnSi. C1 Russian Acad Sci, Inst High Pressure Phys, Troitsk 142190, Moscow, Russia. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Petrova, AE (reprint author), Russian Acad Sci, Inst High Pressure Phys, Troitsk 142190, Moscow, Russia. EM sergei@hppi.troitsk.ru NR 20 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 7 PU MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA/SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1578 USA SN 1063-7761 J9 J EXP THEOR PHYS+ JI J. Exp. Theor. Phys. PD APR PY 2006 VL 102 IS 4 BP 636 EP 639 DI 10.1134/S1063776106040121 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 044VQ UT WOS:000237701500012 ER PT J AU Kharaka, YK Cole, DR Thordsen, JJ Kakouros, E Nance, HS AF Kharaka, YK Cole, DR Thordsen, JJ Kakouros, E Nance, HS TI Gas-water-rock interactions in sedimentary basins: CO2 sequestration in the Frio Formation, Texas, USA SO JOURNAL OF GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Fluid Evolution, Migration and Interaction in Sedimentary Basin and Orogenic Belts CY MAY 16-21, 2006 CL Univ Windsor, Dept Earth Sci, Windsor, CANADA HO Univ Windsor, Dept Earth Sci DE CO2 sequestration; global warming; chemical composition of fluid; Frio Formation AB To investigate the potential for the geologic storage Of CO2 in saline sedimentary aquifers, 1600 ton Of CO2 were injected at similar to 1500 m depth into a 24-m sandstone section of the Frio Formation - a regional reservoir in the US Gulf Coast. Fluid samples obtained from the injection and observation wells before, during and after CO2 injection show a Na-Ca-Cl type brine with 93,000 mg/L TDS and near saturation of CH4 at reservoir conditions. As injected CO2 gas reached the observation well, results showed sharp drops in pH (6.5 to 5.7), pronounced increases in alkalinity (100 to 3000 mg/L as HCO3) and Fe (30 to 1100 mg/L), and significant shifts in the isotopic compositions of H2O and DIC. Geochemical modeling indicates that brine pH would have dropped lower, but for buffering by dissolution of calcite and Fe oxyhydroxides. Post-injection results show the brine gradually returning to its pre-injection composition. (C) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Texas, Bur Econ Geol, Austin, TX 78713 USA. RP Kharaka, YK (reprint author), US Geol Survey, MS 427,345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM ykharaka@usgs.gov NR 10 TC 62 Z9 69 U1 1 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-6742 J9 J GEOCHEM EXPLOR JI J. Geochem. Explor. PD APR-JUN PY 2006 VL 89 IS 1-3 SI SI BP 183 EP 186 DI 10.1016/j.gexplo.2005.11.077 PG 4 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 043TZ UT WOS:000237626100043 ER PT J AU Sun, JG AF Sun, JG TI Analysis of pulsed thermography methods for defect depth prediction SO JOURNAL OF HEAT TRANSFER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article DE pulsed thermography; infrared thermal imaging; defect depth prediction; delamination ID THERMAL-DIFFUSIVITY MEASUREMENTS; FLASH METHOD; COMPOSITES; TIME AB Pulsed thermography is an effective technique for quantitative prediction of defect depth within a specimen. Several methods have been reported in the literature. In this paper, using an analysis based on a theoretical one-dimensional solution of pulsed thermography, we analyzed four representative methods. We show that all of the methods are accurate and converge to the theoretical solution under ideal conditions. Three methods can be directly used to predict defect depth. However because defect features that appear oil the surface during a pulsed thermography test are always affected by three-dimensional heat conduction within the test specimen, the performance and accuracy of these methods differs for defects of various sizes and depths. This difference is demonstrated and evaluated front a set of pulsed thermography data obtained from a specimen with several flat-bottom holes as simulated defects. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Sun, JG (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 23 TC 70 Z9 78 U1 1 U2 11 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0022-1481 J9 J HEAT TRANS-T ASME JI J. Heat Transf.-Trans. ASME PD APR PY 2006 VL 128 IS 4 BP 329 EP 338 DI 10.1115/1.2165211 PG 10 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Engineering GA 035DC UT WOS:000236979300001 ER PT J AU Belyaev, A Nadolsky, PM Yuan, CP AF Belyaev, A Nadolsky, PM Yuan, CP TI Transverse momentum resummation for Higgs boson produced via b(b)over-bar fusion at hadron colliders SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE NLO computations; Higgs physics; QCD; heavy quarks physics ID W-GLUON FUSION; TO-LEADING-ORDER; FERMILAB-TEVATRON; LOGARITHMIC CORRECTIONS; O(ALPHA-S) CORRECTIONS; QUARK PRODUCTION; BOTTOM QUARKS; HEAVY; COLLISIONS; PARTICLE AB We study the impact of initial-state multiple parton radiation on transverse momentum (q(T)) distribution of Higgs boson produced via bottom quark fusion at hadron colliders. The shape of the resulting q(T) distribution is affected by the bottom-quark mass corrections and by the strong kinematical behavior of the bottom-quark parton density. We account for both features in the full range of q(T). To do this, we formulate the resummation calculation in a general-mass factorization (S-ACOT) scheme and introduce a correction in the resummed-term to account for the effect from large-q(T) kinematics of Higgs boson. The results of this resummation are compared to fixed-order and PYTHIA predictions. C1 Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Belyaev, A (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM belyaev@pa.msu.edu; nadolsky@hep.anl.gov; yuan@pa.msu.edu NR 88 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD APR PY 2006 IS 4 AR 004 PG 22 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 040HG UT WOS:000237369000055 ER PT J AU Kachru, S McGreevy, J Svrcek, P AF Kachru, S McGreevy, J Svrcek, P TI Bounds on masses of bulk fields in string compactifications SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE supersymmetry breaking; Superstring Vacua; flux compactifications; supersymmetry phenomenology ID SUPERSYMMETRY BREAKING AB In string compactification on a manifold X, in addition to the string scale and the normal scales of low-energy particle physics, there is a Kaluza-Klein scale (1)/(R) associated with the size of X. We present an argument that generic string models with low-energy supersymmetry have, after moduli stabilization, bulk fields with masses which are parametrically lighter than (1)/(R). We discuss the implications of these light states for anomaly mediation and gaugino mediation scenarios. C1 Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, SLAC, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM skachru@stanford.edu; mcgreevy@stanford.edu; svrcek@stanford.edu NR 59 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD APR PY 2006 IS 4 AR 023 PG 15 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 040HG UT WOS:000237369000036 ER PT J AU Bihl, F Frahm, N Di Giammarino, L Sidney, J John, M Yusim, K Woodberry, T Sango, K Hewitt, HS Henry, L Linde, CH Chisholm, JV Zaman, TM Pae, E Mallal, S Walker, BD Sette, A Korber, BT Heckerman, D Brander, C AF Bihl, Florian Frahm, Nicole Di Giammarino, Loriana Sidney, John John, Mina Yusim, Karina Woodberry, Tonia Sango, Kaori Hewitt, Hannah S. Henry, Leah Linde, Caitlyn H. Chisholm, John V., III Zaman, Tauheed M. Pae, Eunice Mallal, Simon Walker, Bruce D. Sette, Alessandro Korber, Bette T. Heckerman, David Brander, Christian TI Impact of HLA-B alleles, epitope binding affinity, functional avidity, and viral coinfection on the immunodominance of virus-specific CTL responses SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; T-CELL RESPONSES; EPSTEIN-BARR-VIRUS; LYMPHOCYTE RESPONSES; SUBDOMINANT EPITOPES; DNA IMMUNIZATION; TRANSGENIC MICE; VACCINE DESIGN; HIV-INFECTION; MEMORY AB Immunodominance is variably used to describe either the most frequently detectable response among tested individuals or the strongest response within a single individual, yet factors determining either inter- or intraindividual immunodominance are still poorly understood. More than 90 individuals were tested against 184 HIV- and 92 EBV-derived, previously defined CTL epitopes. The data show that HLA-B-restricted epitopes were significantly more frequently recognized than HLA-A- or HLA-C-restricted epitopes. HLA-B-restricted epitopes also induced responses of higher magnitude than did either HLA-A- or HLA-C-restricted epitopes, although this comparison only reached statistical significance for EBV epitopes. For both viruses, the magnitude and frequency of recognition were correlated with each other, but not with the epitope binding affinity to the restricting HLA allele. The presence or absence of HIV coinfection did not impact EBV epitope immunodominance patterns significantly. Peptide titration studies showed that the magnitude of responses was associated with high functional avidity, requiring low concentration of cognate peptide to respond in in vitro assays. The data support the important role of HLA-B alleles in antiviral immunity and afford a better understanding of the factors contributing to inter- and intraindividual immunodominance. C1 Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Partners AIDS Res Ctr, Charlestown, MA 02129 USA. La Jolla Inst Allergy & Immunol, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. Murdoch Univ, Perth, WA, Australia. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Menzies Sch Hlth Res, Darwin, NT, Australia. Fenway Community Hlth Ctr, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Microsoft Res, Redmond, WA 98052 USA. RP Brander, C (reprint author), Massachusetts Gen Hosp E, Partners AIDS Res Ctr, 5th Floor,Room 5239,149 13th St, Charlestown, MA 02129 USA. EM cbrander@partners.org OI Korber, Bette/0000-0002-2026-5757 FU NIAID NIH HHS [N01-AI-15422, R21-AI-05542102] NR 48 TC 111 Z9 111 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD APR 1 PY 2006 VL 176 IS 7 BP 4094 EP 4101 PG 8 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 059YY UT WOS:000238769300034 PM 16547245 ER PT J AU Morita, CT Jin, CG Wang, H Raker, AM Sarikonda, G Lee, HK Samuelson, MI Marker-Hermann, E Pasa-Tolic, L Kolas-Nieves, E Giner, JL Kuzuyama, T Puan, KJ AF Morita, Craig T. Jin, Chenggang Wang, Hong Raker, Amy M. Sarikonda, Ghanashyam Lee, Hoi K. Samuelson, Megan I. Marker-Hermann, Elisabeth Pasa-Tolic, Ljijana Kolas-Nieves, Edward Giner, Jose-Luis Kuzuyama, Tomohisa Puan, Kia-Joo TI Pattern recognition of a microbial metabolite by human V gamma 2V delta 2 T cells SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Association-of-Immunologists CY MAY 12-16, 2006 CL Boston, MA SP Amer Assoc Immunologists C1 Univ Iowa, Coll Med, Interdisciplinary Grp Immunol, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Dr Horst Schmidt Kliniken GmbH, Int Med 4, D-65191 Wiesbaden, Germany. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Albert Einstein Coll Med, Lab Mol Anal & Proteom, Bronx, NY 10461 USA. SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. Univ Tokyo, Lab Cell Biotechnol, Biotechnol Res Ctr, Tokyo 1138657, Japan. RI Morita, Craig/C-1365-2011 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD APR 1 PY 2006 VL 176 SU S BP S96 EP S96 PG 1 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 060YD UT WOS:000238837100442 ER PT J AU Wang, ZC Metcalf, B Ribeiro, RM McClure, H Kaur, A AF Wang, Zichun Metcalf, Benjamin Ribeiro, Ruy M. McClure, Harold Kaur, Amitinder TI Th-1 type cytotoxic CD8+T lymphocyte responses to simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) are a consistent feature of natural SIV infection in sooty mangabeys SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Association-of-Immunologists CY MAY 12-16, 2006 CL Boston, MA SP Amer Assoc Immunologists C1 Harvard Univ, New England Reg Primate Res Ctr, Sch Med, Div Immunol, Southborough, MA 01772 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Emory Univ, Yerkes Natl Primate Res Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD APR 1 PY 2006 VL 176 SU S BP S90 EP S90 PG 1 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 060YD UT WOS:000238837100415 ER PT J AU Ostroumov, PN Aseev, VN Kolomiets, AA AF Ostroumov, P. N. Aseev, V. N. Kolomiets, A. A. TI Application of a new procedure for design of 325 MHz RFQ SO JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION LA English DT Article DE accelerator modelling and simulations (multi-particle dynamics; single-particle dynamics); acceleration cavities and magnets superconducting (high-temperature superconductor; radiation hardened magnets; normal-conducting; permanent magnet devices; wigglers and undulators); instrumentation for particle accelerators and storage rings low energy (linear accelerators, cyclotrons, electrostatic accelerators) AB A new procedure for designing Radio Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ) accelerators has been developed. We present an integrated RFQ design procedure, which is based on modern three-dimensional field map calculations and beam dynamics simulations. The design procedure was integrated with the beam dynamics design and simulation codes DESRFQ & TRACK and applied to the development of a 325 MHz RFQ capable of delivering a 2.5 MeV H(-) beam with 40 mA peak current for the proton driver (PD) at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL). C1 [Ostroumov, P. N.; Aseev, V. N.; Kolomiets, A. A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Ostroumov, PN (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM ostroumov@phy.anl.gov NR 15 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1748-0221 J9 J INSTRUM JI J. Instrum. PD APR PY 2006 VL 1 AR P04002 DI 10.1088/1748-0221/1/04/P04002 PG 15 WC Instruments & Instrumentation SC Instruments & Instrumentation GA V44AE UT WOS:000202974800003 ER PT J AU Lehman, JM Laag, E Michaud, EJ Yoder, BK AF Lehman, J. M. Laag, E. Michaud, E. J. Yoder, B. K. TI An essential role for primary cilia signalling in hair follicle morphogenesis SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 67th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Investigative-Dermatology CY MAY 03-06, 2006 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Soc Investigat Dermatol C1 Univ Alabama, Birmingham, AL USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mammalian Genet Grp, Life Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK STREET, 9TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0022-202X J9 J INVEST DERMATOL JI J. Invest. Dermatol. PD APR PY 2006 VL 126 SU 1 MA 586 BP 98 EP 98 PG 1 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 117RU UT WOS:000242891500584 ER PT J AU Studenov, AR Jivan, S Lu, J Adam, MJ Jensen, SB O'Neil, JP Ding, YS AF Studenov, A. R. Jivan, S. Lu, J. Adam, M. J. Jensen, S. B. O'Neil, J. P. Ding, Y. -S. TI An improved method for the radiosynthesis of [C-11]d-threo-methylphenidate SO JOURNAL OF LABELLED COMPOUNDS & RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS LA English DT Article DE [C-11]methylphenidate; dopamine transporter; SPE purification ID PET AB An improved method to remove the 2-nitrophenylsulfenyl protecting group in the conventional radiosynthesis of the PET radiotracer [C-11]d-threo-methylphenidate was developed. The method uses the nonvolatile reagents sulfuric acid and L-cysteine. In addition it was demonstrated that solid phase extraction (SPE, C18 and ion exchange) can be used to purify the final product instead of semi-preparative HPLC. Copyright (c) 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 TRIUMF, PET Grp, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. Aarhus Univ Hosp, PET Ctr, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Studenov, AR (reprint author), TRIUMF, PET Grp, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. EM studenov@triumf.ca NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0362-4803 J9 J LABELLED COMPD RAD JI J. Label. Compd. Radiopharm. PD APR PY 2006 VL 49 IS 5 BP 455 EP 458 DI 10.1002/jlcr.1065 PG 4 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry GA 050WV UT WOS:000238121100005 ER PT J AU Granwehr, J Seeley, JA AF Granwehr, J Seeley, JA TI Sensitivity quantification of remote detection NMR and MRI SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE LA English DT Article DE NMR; MRI; remote detection; sensitivity; indirect detection; flow ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; XENON; SPECTRA; FLOW; DEVICES; SAMPLES; NOISE; FIELD; SPINS AB A sensitivity analysis is presented of the remote detection NMR technique, which facilitates the spatial separation of encoding and detection of spin magnetization. Three different cases are considered: remote detection of a transient signal that must be encoded point-by-point like a free induction decay, remote detection of an experiment where the transient dimension is reduced to one data point like phase encoding in an imaging experiment, and time-of-flight (TOF) flow visualization. For all cases, the sensitivity enhancement is proportional to the relative sensitivity between the remote detector and the circuit that is used for encoding, It is shown for the case of an encoded transient signal that the sensitivity does not scale unfavorably with the number of encoded points compared to direct detection. Remote enhancement scales as the square root of the ratio of corresponding relaxation times in the two detection environments. Thus, remote detection especially increases the sensitivity of imaging experiments of porous materials with large susceptibility gradients, which cause a rapid dephasing of transverse spin magnetization. Finally, TOF remote detection, in which the detection volume is smaller than the encoded fluid volume, allows partial images corresponding to different time intervals between encoding and detection to be recorded. These partial images, which contain information about the fluid displacement, can be recorded, in an ideal case, with the same sensitivity as the full image detected in a single step with a larger coil. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Granwehr, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM joga@waugh.cchem.berkeley.edu NR 24 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1090-7807 J9 J MAGN RESON JI J. Magn. Reson. PD APR PY 2006 VL 179 IS 2 BP 280 EP 289 DI 10.1016/j.jmr.2005.12.006 PG 10 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Physics; Spectroscopy GA 035VQ UT WOS:000237030200013 PM 16412671 ER PT J AU Krishnan, VV AF Krishnan, VV TI Radiation damping in microcoil NMR probes SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE LA English DT Article DE radiation damping; microcoil probe; NMR; water ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; HIGH-RESOLUTION NMR; DIPOLAR DEMAGNETIZING FIELD; SIGNAL-TO-NOISE; LIQUID NMR; SAMPLES; SPECTROSCOPY; SUPPRESSION; GRADIENTS; EQUATIONS AB Radiation damping arises from the field induced in the receiver coil by large bulk magnetization and tends to selectively drive this magnetization back to equilibrium Much faster than relaxation processes. The demand for increased sensitivity in mass-limited samples has led to the development of microcoil NMR probes that are capable of obtaining high quality NMR spectra with small sample volumes (nL-mu L). Microcoil probes are optimized to increase sensitivity by increasing either the sample-to-coil ratio (filling factor) of the probe or quality factor of the detection coil. Though radiation damping effects have been studied in standard NMR probes, these effects have not been measured in the microcoil probes. Here a systematic evaluation of radiation damping effects in a microcoil NMR probe is presented and the results are compared with similar measurements in conventional large volume samples. These results show that radiation-damping effects in microcoil probe is much more pronounced than in 5 mm probes, and that it is critically important to optimize NMR experiments to minimize these effects. As microcoil probes provide better control of the bulk magnetization, with good RF and B-0 inhomogeneity.. in addition to negligible dipolar field effects due to nearly spherical sample volumes, these probes can be used exclusively to Study the complex behavior of radiation damping. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biosci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Krishnan, VV (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM vvkrish@gmail.com RI Krishnan, Krish/A-6859-2010 NR 39 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1090-7807 J9 J MAGN RESON JI J. Magn. Reson. PD APR PY 2006 VL 179 IS 2 BP 294 EP 298 DI 10.1016/j.jmr.2005.12.011 PG 5 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Physics; Spectroscopy GA 035VQ UT WOS:000237030200015 PM 16427795 ER PT J AU Fritsch, V Moreno, NO Thompson, JD Sarrao, JL Bobev, S AF Fritsch, V Moreno, NO Thompson, JD Sarrao, JL Bobev, S TI Antiferromagnetic order and evolution of magnetic entropy in RE4Zn5Ge6 (RE = Y, Gd-Lu) SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE magnetically ordered materials; crystal growth; crystal structure; susceptibility; heat capacity; resistivity ID CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; GERMANIDES; HEAT; PR; LA; ND AB We investigated the physical properties of eight new polar intermetallic phases RE4Zn5Ge6 (RE = Y, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Lu). The compounds are isostructural and crystallize in a novel orthorhombic structure type, space group Cmc2(1) (No. 36), Pearson's symbol oC60. With the exception of the Y- and Lu-variants, all compounds show the onset of antiferromagnetic order below T = 20 K. Although the observed Weiss temperatures correspond fairly well to the respective Neel-temperatures, the magnetic entropy associated with the antiferromagnetic transitions is not recovered until temperatures one order of magnitude higher, due to the influence of crystal field effects. (C) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Delaware, Dept Chem & Biochem, Newark, DE 19716 USA. RP Fritsch, V (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM fritsch@lanl.gov RI Moreno, Nelson/H-1708-2012; Fritsch, Veronika/P-1352-2016 OI Moreno, Nelson/0000-0002-1672-4340; Fritsch, Veronika/0000-0002-6620-4554 NR 15 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-8853 J9 J MAGN MAGN MATER JI J. Magn. Magn. Mater. PD APR PY 2006 VL 299 IS 1 BP 87 EP 93 DI 10.1016/j.jmmm.2005.03.087 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 003FJ UT WOS:000234666800012 ER PT J AU McCallum, RW Lewis, LH Kramer, MJ Dennis, KW AF McCallum, RW Lewis, LH Kramer, MJ Dennis, KW TI Magnetic aspects of the ferromagnetic "bulk metallic glass" alloy system Nd-Fe-Al SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE bulk metallic glass; ferromagnet; Ac susceptibility; phase diagram; coecivity ID SUPERCOOLED LIQUID REGION; AMORPHOUS-ALLOYS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; MU-PHASE; BEHAVIOR; ND6FE13-XAL1+X; COERCIVITY AB Detailed structural and magnetic characterization was carried Out Oil nominally amorphous melt-spin ribbon based on the composition Nd60OFe30-xAl10+x to pursue the origins of its anomalously large coercivity values. The combined structural and magnetic analyses point to the existence of antiferromagnetic motes within the melt-spun ribbon. The average diameter of these motes is 1.2 +/- 0.5 rim and their crystal Structure is related to the Nd6Fe13-xAl1+x, delta-phase structure, which under equilibrium conditions is the primary solidification phase near the Nd60Fe30Al10 composition. These motes are hypothesized to strongly couple to the Ferromagnetic matrix phase in an "exchange-bias"-type manner and confer extremely high values of coercivity at low temperature. The composition dependence of the delta-phase Neel temperature is reflected in the composition dependence of the onset of large values of coercivity in the melt spun ribbons. The results obtained from melt-spun ribbons are compared to those obtained from a 10 gm drop-cast ingot 6 mm diameter of the same nominal composition and are found to be internally consistent. Delineation of the solidification pathway in the vicinity of the composition RE60Fe30Al10 provides a sound physical explanation of the variety of microstructures and associated variety of magnetic behavior round in cast and melt-spun forms of this material. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Mat Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP McCallum, RW (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM mccallum@ameslab.gov NR 35 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-8853 J9 J MAGN MAGN MATER JI J. Magn. Magn. Mater. PD APR PY 2006 VL 299 IS 2 BP 265 EP 280 DI 10.1016/j.jmmm.2005.04.013 PG 16 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 004GL UT WOS:000234739900004 ER PT J AU Bud'ko, SL Canfield, PC AF Bud'ko, SL Canfield, PC TI Evaluation of a long-time temperature drift in a commercial Quantum Design MPMS SQUID magnetometer using Gd2O3 as a standard SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE magnetic relaxation; MPMS magentometer; temperature drift ID RARE-EARTH-OXIDES; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; SUSCEPTIBILITY; RELAXATION AB The long-time temperature drift in a commercial Quantum Design MPMS SQUID magnetometer was evaluated using time-dependent magnetization measurements of Gd2O3. In contrast to earlier claims, the amplitude of the drift was found not to exceed 1-1.5 K. After System stabilization for 30 min, the temperature deviation did not exceed 0.2 K and the temperature was fully stabilized in less than 3 h. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Bud'ko, SL (reprint author), Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM budko@ameslab.gov RI Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014 NR 11 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-8853 J9 J MAGN MAGN MATER JI J. Magn. Magn. Mater. PD APR PY 2006 VL 299 IS 2 BP 281 EP 287 DI 10.1016/j.jmmm.2005.04.014 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 004GL UT WOS:000234739900005 ER PT J AU Jiles, DC Song, SH Snyder, JE Pecharsky, VK Lograsso, TA Wu, D Pecharsky, AO Mudryk, Y Dennis, KW McCallum, RW AF Jiles, DC Song, SH Snyder, JE Pecharsky, VK Lograsso, TA Wu, D Pecharsky, AO Mudryk, Y Dennis, KW McCallum, RW TI Thermal expansion and magnetostriction in Pr(n+2)(n+1)Nin(n-1)+2Sin(n+1) compounds SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE thermal expansion; magnetostriction; Pr5Ni2Si3 compound; Pr15Ni7Si10 compound AB Thermal expansion and magnetostriction of members of a homologous series of compounds based on the alloy series Pr(n+2)(n+1)Nin(n-1)+2Sin(n+1) have been measured. The crystal structures of these compounds are closely interrelated because they form trigonal prismatic columns in which the number of trigonal prisms that form the base of the trigonal columns is determined by the value of n in the chemical formula. Two compositions were investigated, Pr5Ni2Si3 and Pr15Ni7Si10, corresponding to n = 3 and n = 4, respectively. The results were analyzed and used to determine the location of magnetic phase transitions by calculating the magnetic contribution to thermal expansion using the Gruneisen-Debye theory. This allowed more precise determination of the magnetic transition temperatures than could be achieved using the total thermal expansion. The results show two phase transitions in each material, one corresponding to the Curie temperature and the other at a lower temperature exhibiting characteristics of a spin reorientation transition. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Mat & Engn Phys Program, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Jiles, DC (reprint author), Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Mat & Engn Phys Program, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RI Jiles, David/H-9548-2012 NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-8853 J9 J MAGN MAGN MATER JI J. Magn. Magn. Mater. PD APR PY 2006 VL 299 IS 2 BP 288 EP 299 DI 10.1016/j.jmmm.2005.04.015 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 004GL UT WOS:000234739900006 ER PT J AU Yu, MH Lewis, LH Moodenbaugh, AR AF Yu, MH Lewis, LH Moodenbaugh, AR TI Assessment of the magnetic entropy change in the metallic antiperovskite Mn3GaC1-delta (delta=0, 0.22) SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE magnetic entropy change; Mn3GaC; antiperovskite ID MN3GAC; TRANSITION; FIELD; PRESSURE AB The character of the magnetic phase transitions in the metallic antiperovskite Mn3GaCl1-delta (delta = 0, 0.22) was analyzed to better evaluate the associated magnetic entropy changes under various field and temperature conditions. The stoichiometric Mn3GaC compound exhibits an abrupt magnetostructural transition at T = 159 K that produces a large entropy change Delta S-M with a plateau-like temperature dependence. A unique spike in Delta S-M, Of Mn3GaC at T = 156.5 K, associated with the abrupt magnetic transformation, is attributed to the interplay between the temperature- and field-induced transitions. The peak magnitude of this entropy change spike approaches 33 J/kgK, over two times the averaged Delta S-M. It was observed that the field development of Delta S-M mimics the analogous magnetization behavior. An analytical phenomenological model based on the temperature and field dependence of the magnetization of this type of magnetic transition was developed to account for these results. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Mat Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Yu, MH (reprint author), Univ New Orleans, Adv Mat Res Inst, New Orleans, LA 70148 USA. EM myu1@uno.edu NR 15 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-8853 J9 J MAGN MAGN MATER JI J. Magn. Magn. Mater. PD APR PY 2006 VL 299 IS 2 BP 317 EP 326 DI 10.1016/j.jmmm.2005.04.020 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 004GL UT WOS:000234739900010 ER PT J AU Han, ZH Budnick, JI Hines, WA Klamut, PW Maxwell, M Dabrowski, B AF Han, ZH Budnick, JI Hines, WA Klamut, PW Maxwell, M Dabrowski, B TI Study of the Ru sublattice magnetic structure in the magnetic superconductor RuSr2GdCu2O8 SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE magnetic structure; type-I antiferromagnet; magnetic superconductor; NMR ID HIGH-PRESSURE SYNTHESIS; CUPRATES RUSR(2)LNCU(2)O(8); PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; DC MAGNETIZATION; FERROMAGNETISM; COEXISTENCE; RUSR2EUCU2O8; RUSR2YCU2O8; NMR; GD AB in order to investigate the Ru sublattice magnetic structure, I study of the field dependence of the Ru-99.101 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) has been carried out on the magnetic superconductor RuSr2GdCu2O8. it is found that the Ru-99,Ru-101 NMR signal intensity increases significantly with applied magnetic field LIP to approximate to 3 kOe, beyond which, it progressively decreases. In addition, a shift of the NMR peaks to lower frequency is observed to begin at approximate to 1.3 kOe. These behaviors are shown to be accompanied by a field-induced Ru moment spin-flop in the ab planes, and are understood in terms of a previously proposed type-I antiferromagnetic ordering for the Ru sublattice. Based on this model, the inter-plane antiferromagnetic exchange coupling is determined to be approximate to 1.8 kOe along with a reversible in-plane spin-flop which is characterized by a field 0.6 kOe. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Connecticut, Dept Phys, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. Univ Connecticut, Inst Mat Sci, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Polish Acad Sci, Inst Low Temp & Struct Res, PL-50950 Wroclaw, Poland. RP Han, ZH (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Dept Phys, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. EM zhan@phys.uconn.edu RI Han, Zhaohui/A-1118-2007 NR 27 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-8853 J9 J MAGN MAGN MATER JI J. Magn. Magn. Mater. PD APR PY 2006 VL 299 IS 2 BP 338 EP 347 DI 10.1016/j.jmmm.2005.04.022 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 004GL UT WOS:000234739900012 ER PT J AU McCallum, RW AF McCallum, RW TI The requirements for hysteresis in the recoil loop of an exchange-coupled permanent magnet SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIZATION; FIELD AB A simple mean field model for an exchange-coupled permanent magnet containing a distribution of coercivities provides a qualitative description for the origin of time-independent hysteresis in the recoil loop and demonstrates that the area of the recoil loop is not a valid metric for the interaction strength, The conclusions of this model may be applied to two-phase exchange-coupled "spring magnets" as well as to crystallographically single-phase material where the distribution in coercivities arise from variations in microstructures. When the mean field interaction with the magnetization of the hard component exceeds the coercivity of the soft component, the interaction field serves as an effective bias field shifting the major loop of the soft component into the second quadrant of the magnetization curve with respect to the applied field. The area enclosed in the recoil is demonstrated to be a function of the mean field interaction strength, the distribution of coercivities, the volume fraction of the soft component, and the field from which the recoil is measured. The area of the recoil loop is expected to approach zero for both weak and strong interactions. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50014 USA. RP McCallum, RW (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50014 USA. EM mccallum@ameslab.gov NR 11 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-8853 J9 J MAGN MAGN MATER JI J. Magn. Magn. Mater. PD APR PY 2006 VL 299 IS 2 BP 472 EP 479 DI 10.1016/j.jmmm.2005.05.006 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 004GL UT WOS:000234739900030 ER PT J AU Demos, SG Vogel, AJ Gandjbakhche, AH AF Demos, Stavros G. Vogel, Abby J. Gandjbakhche, Amir H. TI Advances in optical spectroscopy and imaging of breast lesions SO JOURNAL OF MAMMARY GLAND BIOLOGY AND NEOPLASIA LA English DT Article DE optical imaging; spectroscopy; optical mammography; optical biopsy; breast imaging; functional imaging ID NEAR-INFRARED TOMOGRAPHY; INDUCED FLUORESCENCE SPECTROSCOPY; ELECTRICAL-IMPEDANCE TOMOGRAPHY; ELASTIC-SCATTERING SPECTROSCOPY; TUMORS IN-VIVO; RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; CANCER DIAGNOSIS; OXYGEN-SATURATION; REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY AB A review is presented of recent advances in optical imaging and spectroscopy and the use of light for addressing breast cancer issues. Spectroscopic techniques offer the means to characterize tissue components and obtain functional information in real time. Three-dimensional optical imaging of the breast using various illumination and signal collection schemes in combination with image reconstruction algorithms may provide a new tool for cancer detection and treatment monitoring. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Sch Med, Ctr Med, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. NIH, Lab Integrat & Med Biophys, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Demos, SG (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM demos1@llnl.gov FU Intramural NIH HHS NR 99 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1083-3021 J9 J MAMMARY GLAND BIOL JI J. Mammary Gland Biol. Neoplasia PD APR PY 2006 VL 11 IS 2 BP 165 EP 181 DI 10.1007/s10911-006-9022-4 PG 17 WC Oncology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Physiology SC Oncology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Physiology GA 111OP UT WOS:000242463000007 PM 17091396 ER PT J AU Jiang, W Shutthanandan, V Zhang, Y Thevuthasan, S Weber, WJ Exarhos, GJ AF Jiang, W Shutthanandan, V Zhang, Y Thevuthasan, S Weber, WJ Exarhos, GJ TI Hydrogen behavior in Mg+-implanted graphite SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID LOCAL VIBRATIONAL-MODES; MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; STORAGE PROPERTIES; MAGNESIUM; TEMPERATURES; DEUTERIUM; HYDRIDES AB A graphite wafer has been implanted with Mg+ to produce a uniform Mg concentration. Subsequent H+ implantation covered the Mg+-implanted and -unimplanted regions. Ion-beam analysis shows a higher H retention in graphite embedded with Mg than in regions without Mg. A small amount of H diffuses out of the H+-implanted graphite during thermal annealing at temperatures up to 300 degrees C. However, significant H release from the region implanted with Mg+ and H+ ions occurs at 150 degrees C; further release is also observed at 300 degrees C. The results suggest that there are efficient H trapping centers and fast pathways for H diffusion in the Mg+-implanted graphite, which may prove highly desirable for reversible H storage. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Jiang, W (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM weilin.jiang@pnl.gov RI Weber, William/A-4177-2008; OI Weber, William/0000-0002-9017-7365; Jiang, Weilin/0000-0001-8302-8313 NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD APR PY 2006 VL 21 IS 4 BP 811 EP 815 DI 10.1557/JMR.2006.0121 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 031SE UT WOS:000236723500002 ER PT J AU Zhou, J Hsiung, LM AF Zhou, J Hsiung, LM TI Long-term phase instability in a water-quenched uranium alloy SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID STRAIN-RATE DEFORMATION; NIOBIUM ALLOYS; NB; DECOMPOSITION; CORROSION; BEHAVIOR; SYSTEM AB The U-6 wt% Nb (U6Nb) alloy in the water-quenched (WQ) state has been in service for a number of years. Its long-term reliability is affected by the changes of the alloy microstructure and mechanical properties during service. In this paper, the water quenched U-6 wt% Nb (WQ-U6Nb) alloy in service for 15 years at ambient temperatures was studied using an analytical transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis. We found that the long-term natural aging resulted in a disorder-order phase transformation, leading to the formation of anti-phase boundaries (APBs). The newly found ordered phase was then identified by proposing two phase transform schemes, which were also discussed with regards to the potential subsequence of the microstructural evolution for the alloy in further service. The initial study also provides convincing evidence for the disorder-order transformation, which has been predicted by numerous studies to be a transient thermodynamic event before spinodal decomposition. This suggests that the long-term naturally aged WQ-U6Nb is a good model alloy to study thermodynamic and kinetic phenomena requiring chronic processes. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Hsiung, LM (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM hsiung1@llnl.gov NR 23 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 13 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD APR PY 2006 VL 21 IS 4 BP 904 EP 909 DI 10.1557/JMR.2006.0101 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 031SE UT WOS:000236723500013 ER PT J AU Sathyamurthy, S Paranthaman, M Heatherly, L Martin, PA Specht, ED Goyal, A Kodenkandath, T Li, XP Rupich, MW AF Sathyamurthy, S Paranthaman, M Heatherly, L Martin, PA Specht, ED Goyal, A Kodenkandath, T Li, XP Rupich, MW TI Solution-processed lanthanum zirconium oxide as a barrier layer for high I-c-coated conductors SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID CRITICAL-CURRENT DENSITY; INCLINED-SUBSTRATE DEPOSITION; CHEMICAL SOLUTION DEPOSITION; SUPERCONDUCTING TAPES; BUFFER LAYERS; FABRICATION; FILMS; GROWTH AB High-quality lanthanum zirconium oxide (La2Zr2O7 or LZO) films have been deposited and processed on Ni-W substrates using a sol-gel processing approach. It has been demonstrated that crack-free coatings with thicknesses up to 100 nm can be processed in a single step, while thicker coatings (200-225 nm) were processed using a multiple coating and annealing process. Using simulated metalorganic deposition (MOD)-YBa2Cu3O7-delta (YBCO) processing conditions, the barrier properties of the sol-gel LZO coating with a thickness of 120 nm were found to be comparable to that of the standard 3-layer buffer stack deposited using physical vapor deposition. Secondary ion mass spectroscopy depth profile analysis of LZO films annealed in oxygen-18 shows that LZO effectively stops the diffusion of Ni within the first 80-100 nm. Using MOD processes, a CeO2 cap layer and superconducting YBCO layer were deposited on sol-gel LZO/Ni-W. For the first time, using such an all-solution conductor architecture, a critical current (I-c) of 140 A/cm with a corresponding critical current density (J(c)) of 1.75 MA/cm(2) has been demonstrated. Using a very thin Y2O3 seed layer (similar to 10 nm) deposited by electron beam evaporation; improved texture quality in the LZO layers has been demonstrated. The performance of the LZO deposited on these samples was evaluated using a sputtered CeO2 cap layer and MOD YBCO layer. Critical currents of up to 255 A/cm (3.2 MA/cm(2)) with 0.8-mu m-thick YBCO films have been demonstrated, comparable to the performance of films grown using physical vapor deposited yttria stabilized zirconia as a barrier layer. Similar experiments using an MOD-CeO2 cap layer and MOD-YBCO layer yielded critical currents of 200 A/cm (2.5 MA/cm(2)) with 0.8-Rm-thick YBCO films. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Amer Supercond Corp, Westborough, MA 01581 USA. RP Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM sathyamurths@ornl.gov RI Specht, Eliot/A-5654-2009; Paranthaman, Mariappan/N-3866-2015 OI Specht, Eliot/0000-0002-3191-2163; Paranthaman, Mariappan/0000-0003-3009-8531 NR 16 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 4 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0884-2914 EI 2044-5326 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD APR PY 2006 VL 21 IS 4 BP 910 EP 914 DI 10.1557/JMR.2006.0112 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 031SE UT WOS:000236723500014 ER PT J AU Yang, B Liu, CT Nieh, TG Morrison, ML Liaw, PK Buchanan, RA AF Yang, B Liu, CT Nieh, TG Morrison, ML Liaw, PK Buchanan, RA TI Localized heating and fracture criterion for bulk metallic glasses SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID PLASTIC-FLOW; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; FORMING LIQUIDS; AMORPHOUS ALLOY; BUBBLE RAFT; SHEAR BANDS; DEFORMATION; TEMPERATURE; BEHAVIOR; NANOINDENTATION AB In this study, we demonstrated that the failure of bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) results from a sudden temperature rise within a shear band. Using a shear transformation zone model, we successfully calculated the temperature within a shear band and found it consistent with the observation from an in situ infrared thermographic system. The instantaneous temperature within a shear band at fracture agrees remarkably well with the glass transition temperature (T-g), providing a new criterion to determine the strength of BMGs from their T-g. This agreement also discloses the fact that catastrophic failure of BMG is caused by the sudden drop in viscosity inside the shear band when the instantaneous temperature within a shear band approaches T-g. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Nieh, TG (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM tnieh@utk.edu RI Nieh, Tai-Gang/G-5912-2011; OI Nieh, Tai-Gang/0000-0002-2814-3746; Morrison, Mark/0000-0003-1956-0932 NR 50 TC 75 Z9 75 U1 2 U2 22 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD APR PY 2006 VL 21 IS 4 BP 915 EP 922 DI 10.1557/JMR.2006.0124 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 031SE UT WOS:000236723500015 ER PT J AU Feldmann, DM Holesinger, TG Cantoni, C Feenstra, R Nelson, NA Larbalestier, DC Verebelyi, DT Li, X Rupich, M AF Feldmann, DM Holesinger, TG Cantoni, C Feenstra, R Nelson, NA Larbalestier, DC Verebelyi, DT Li, X Rupich, M TI Grain orientations and grain boundary networks of YBa2Cu3O7-delta films deposited by metalorganic and pulsed laser deposition on biaxially textured Ni-W substrates SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID YBCO-COATED CONDUCTORS; CRITICAL-CURRENT DENSITY; TRIFLUOROACETATE PRECURSORS; TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; THICK-FILMS; OXIDE-FILMS; IBAD; SUPERCONDUCTORS; MICROSTRUCTURE; PERFORMANCE AB We report a detailed study of the grain orientations and grain boundary (GB) networks in YBa2CU3O7-delta (YBCO) films similar to 0.8 mu m thick grown by both the in situ pulsed laser deposition (PLD) process and the ex situ metalorganic deposition (MOD) process on rolling-assisted biaxially textured substrates (RABiTS). The PLD and MOD growth processes result in columnar and laminar YBCO grain structures, respectively. In the MOD-processed sample [full-width critical current density J(c)(0 T, 77 K) = 3.4 MA/cm(2)], electron back-scatter diffraction (EBSD) revealed an improvement in both the in-plane and out-of-plane alignment of the YBCO relative to the template that resulted in a significant reduction of the total grain boundary misorientation angles. A YBCO grain structure observed above individual template grains was strongly correlated to larger out-of-plane tilts of the template grains. YBCO GBs meandered extensively about their corresponding template GBs and through the thickness of the film. In contrast, the PLD-processed film [full width J(c)(0 T, 77 K) = 0.9 MA/cm(2)] exhibited nearly perfect epitaxy, replicating the template grain orientations. No GB meandering was observed in the PLD-processed film with EBSD. Direct transport measurement of the intra-grain J(c)(0 T, 77 K) values of PLD and MOD-processed films on RABiTS revealed values up to 4.5 and 5.1 MA/cm(2), respectively. As the intra-grain J(c) values were similar, the significantly higher full-width J(c) for the MOD-processed sample is believed to be due to the improved grain alignment and extensive GB meandering. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Amer Supercond, Westborough, MA 01581 USA. RP Feldmann, DM (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM feldmann@cae.wisc.edu RI Larbalestier, David/B-2277-2008; Cantoni, Claudia/G-3031-2013 OI Larbalestier, David/0000-0001-7098-7208; Cantoni, Claudia/0000-0002-9731-2021 NR 36 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 3 U2 15 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD APR PY 2006 VL 21 IS 4 BP 923 EP 934 DI 10.1557/JMR.2006.0110 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 031SE UT WOS:000236723500016 ER PT J AU Andre, N Labbe, N Rials, T Kelley, S AF Andre, N Labbe, N Rials, T Kelley, S TI Assessment of wood load condition by near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; DEFORMATION MICROMECHANICS; CELLULOSE FIBERS; NORWAY SPRUCE; STIFFNESS; COMPOSITES; PREDICTION; SOFTWOODS; MODULUS; SPECTRA AB The assessment of the mechanical properties of wood using non-destructive evaluation (NDE) tools has been widely developed and refined. These NDE tools mainly rely on vibrational, ultrasonic or stress-wave approaches. Vibrational techniques generally show higher correlations between the estimated modulus of elasticity (MOE), or modulus of rupture (MOR), and the measured MOE, or MOR, than stress-wave techniques. They are, however, relatively difficult to apply in the field due to boundary conditions common in many timber structures. Thus, improved tools for assessing timber structures are still needed. Recently, near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy (500-2400 nm) has shown promise for predicting the MOE and MOR of wood. This work focuses on extending the use of NIR for measuring the load applied to small wood beams. The reflectance NIR spectrum was measured as the applied load was increased. Good correlations (r > 0.96) between the measured load and the predicted load were obtained using spectra taken from both the tension and compression surfaces of the small wood beams. (c) 2006 Springer Science + Business Media, Inc. C1 Univ Tennessee, Tennessee Forest Prod Ctr, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO USA. RP Andre, N (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Tennessee Forest Prod Ctr, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM nandre@utk.edu NR 41 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0022-2461 J9 J MATER SCI JI J. Mater. Sci. PD APR PY 2006 VL 41 IS 7 BP 1879 EP 1886 DI 10.1007/s10853-006-4433-6 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 034ZA UT WOS:000236968200002 ER PT J AU Bertini, S Cacciatori, SL Cerchiai, BL AF Bertini, S Cacciatori, SL Cerchiai, BL TI On the euler angles for SU(N) SO JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PARAMETRIZATION; G(2) AB In this paper we reconsider the problem of the Euler parametrization for the unitary groups. After constructing the generic group element in terms of generalized angles, we compute the invariant measure on SU(N) and then we determine the full range of the parameters, using both topological and geometrical methods. In particular, we show that the given parametrization realizes the group SU(N+1) as a fibration of U(N) over the complex projective space CPn. This justifies the interpretation of the parameters as generalized Euler angles. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Univ Milan, Dipartimento Matemat, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Milano, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Theory Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Bertini, S (reprint author), Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, Via Celoria 16, I-20133 Milan, Italy. EM bertiste@tiscalinet.it; sergio.cacciatori@mi.infn.it; blcerchiai@lbl.gov OI Cerchiai, Bianca Letizia/0000-0002-0109-0330; Cacciatori, Sergio Luigi/0000-0002-4167-9123 NR 6 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0022-2488 J9 J MATH PHYS JI J. Math. Phys. PD APR PY 2006 VL 47 IS 4 AR 043510 DI 10.1063/1.2190898 PG 13 WC Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 037HD UT WOS:000237136800031 ER PT J AU Flelds, MW Schryver, JC Brandt, CC Yan, T Zhou, JZ Palumbo, A AF Flelds, MW Schryver, JC Brandt, CC Yan, T Zhou, JZ Palumbo, A TI Confidence intervals of similarity values determined for cloned SSU rRNA genes from environmental samples SO JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE clone; environmental; error analysis; SSU rRNA genes; sequencing ID MICROBIAL DIVERSITY; SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; DNA; BACTERIA; SAGE; SOIL AB The goal of this research was to investigate the influence of the error rate of sequence determination on the differentiation of cloned SSU rRNA gene sequences for assessment of community structure. SSU rRNA cloned sequences from groundwater samples that represent different bacterial divisions were sequenced multiple times with the same sequencing primer. From comparison of sequence alignments with unedited data, confidence intervals were obtained from both a 'double binomial' model of sequence comparison and by non-parametric methods. The results indicated that similarity values below 0.9946 are likely derived from dissimilar sequences at a confidence level of 0.95, and not sequencing errors. The results confirmed that screening by direct sequence determination could be reliably used to differentiate at the species level. However, given sequencing errors comparable to those seen in this study, sequences with similarities above 0.9946 should be treated as the same sequence if a 95% confidence is desired (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Miami Univ, Dept Microbiol, Oxford, OH 45056 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Engn Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Palumbo, A (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008,MS-6038, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM palumboav@ornl.gov RI Palumbo, Anthony/A-4764-2011 OI Palumbo, Anthony/0000-0002-1102-3975 NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-7012 EI 1872-8359 J9 J MICROBIOL METH JI J. Microbiol. Methods PD APR PY 2006 VL 65 IS 1 BP 144 EP 152 DI 10.1016/j.mimet.2005.07.001 PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA 032ZF UT WOS:000236814700015 ER PT J AU Kearney, SP Phinney, LM Baker, MS AF Kearney, SP Phinney, LM Baker, MS TI Spatially resolved temperature mapping of electrothermal actuators by surface Raman scattering SO JOURNAL OF MICROELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition CY NOV, 2005 CL Orlando, FL SP ASME DE MEMS thermal actuators; polycrystalline silicon; Raman scattering; temperature mapping; V-shaped electrothermal actuator ID THERMAL ACTUATORS; SILICON; SPECTROSCOPY; DEPENDENCE; SI AB In this paper, we report spatially resolved temperature profiles along the legs of working V-shaped electrothermal (ET) actuators using a surface Raman scattering technique. The Raman probe provides nonperturbing optical data with a spatial resolution of 1.2 mu m, which is required to observe the 3-mu m-wide actuator beams. A detailed uncertainty analysis reveals that our Raman thermometry of polycrystalline silicon is performed with fidelity of +/- 10 to 11 K when the peak location of the Stokes-shifted optical phonon signature is used as an indicator of temperature. This level of uncertainty is sufficient for temperature mapping of many working thermal MEMS devices which exhibit characteristic temperature differences of several hundred Kelvins. To our knowledge, these are the first quantitative and spatially resolved temperature data available for thermal actuator structures. This new temperature data set can be used for validation of actuator thermal design models and these new results are compared with finite-difference simulations of actuator thermal performance. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Thermal Fluid Expt Sci Dept, Engn Sci Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, MEMS Device Technol Dept, Microsyst Sci Technol & Components Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Kearney, SP (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Thermal Fluid Expt Sci Dept, Engn Sci Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM spkearn@sandia.gov NR 21 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 2 U2 7 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1057-7157 J9 J MICROELECTROMECH S JI J. Microelectromech. Syst. PD APR PY 2006 VL 15 IS 2 BP 314 EP 321 DI 10.1109/JMEMS.2006.872233 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 032JH UT WOS:000236770200005 ER PT J AU Bajt, S Dai, ZR Nelson, EJ Wall, MA Alameda, JB Nguyen, NQ Baker, SL Robinson, JC Taylor, JS Aquila, A Edwards, NV AF Bajt, Sasa Dai, Zu Rong Nelson, Erik J. Wall, Mark A. Alameda, Jennifer B. Nguyen, Nhan Q. Baker, Sherry L. Robinson, Jeffrey C. Taylor, John S. Aquila, Andrew Edwards, Nora Virginia TI Oxidation resistance and microstructure of ruthenium-capped extreme ultraviolet lithography multilayers SO JOURNAL OF MICROLITHOGRAPHY MICROFABRICATION AND MICROSYSTEMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Emerging Lithographic Technologies IX CY MAR 01-03, 2005 CL San Jose, CA SP SPIE DE extreme ultraviolet lithography; multilayer; capping layer; molybdenum/silicon; ruthenium; microstructure; oxidation; thermal stability ID CAPPING LAYERS; MO-SI; OPTICS; CONTAMINATION; RADIATION; STABILITY; MIRRORS; PERFORMANCE; REFLECTANCE; MITIGATION AB The oxidation resistance of protective capping layers for extreme ultraviolet lithography (EUVL) multilayers depends on their microstructure. Differently prepared Ru-capping layers, deposited on Mo/Si EUVL multilayers, are investigated to establish their baseline structural, optical, and surface properties in an as-deposited state. The same capping layer structures are then tested for their thermal stability and oxidation resistance. The best performing Ru-capping layer structure is analyzed in detail with transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Compared to other Ru-capping layer preparations studied here, it is the only one that shows grains with preferential orientation. This information is essential to model and optimize the performance of EUVL multilayers. (C) 2006 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. SEMATECH, Austin, TX 78741 USA. RP Bajt, S (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM bajt@llnl.gov RI Dai, Zurong/E-6732-2010; Bajt, Sasa/G-2228-2010 NR 25 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPIE-INT SOCIETY OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 1537-1646 J9 J MICROLITH MICROFAB JI J. Microlithogr. Microfabr. Microsyst. PD APR-JUN PY 2006 VL 5 IS 2 AR 023004 DI 10.1117/1.22010271 PG 13 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Optics GA 070CE UT WOS:000239497100011 ER PT J AU Zhang, WW Culley, DE Wu, G Brockman, FJ AF Zhang, WW Culley, DE Wu, G Brockman, FJ TI Two-component signal transduction systems of Desulfovibrio vulgaris: Structural and phylogenetic analysis and deduction of putative cognate pairs SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE signal transduction; phylogenetic analysis; microarray; Desulfovibrio vulgaris ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI K-12; SULFATE-REDUCING BACTERIA; GENE-EXPRESSION ANALYSIS; MULTISTEP PHOSPHORELAY; BACILLUS-SUBTILIS; HISTIDINE KINASES; STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; REGULATORY SYSTEMS; GENOMIC ANALYSIS; HMC OPERON AB A large number of two-component signal transduction systems (TCSTS) including 59 putative sensory histidine kinases (HK) and 55 response regulators (RR) were identified from the Desulfovibrio vulgaris genome. In this study, the structural and phylogenetic analyses of all putative TCSTSs in D. vulgaris were performed. The results showed that D. vulgaris contained 21 hybrid-type HKs, implying that multiple-step phosphorelay may be a common signal transduction mechanism in D. vulgaris. Despite the low sequence similarity that restricted the resolution of the phylogenetic analyses, most TCSTS components of D. vulgaris were found clustered into several subfamilies previously recognized in Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis. An attempt was made in this investigation to identify the possible cognate HK-RR pairs not linked on the chromosome in D. vulgaris based on similar expression patterns in response to various environmental and genetic changes. Expression levels of all HK and RR genes were measured using whole-genome microarrays. Five groups of HK-RR genes not linked on the chromosome were identified as possible cognate pairs in D. vulgaris. The results provided a preliminary list of possible cognate HK-RR pairs and constitute a basis for further exploration of interaction and physiological function of TCSTSs in D. vulgaris. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Dept Microbiol, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Biol Sci, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. RP Zhang, WW (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Dept Microbiol, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM Weiwen.Zhang@pnl.gov NR 54 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0022-2844 J9 J MOL EVOL JI J. Mol. Evol. PD APR PY 2006 VL 62 IS 4 BP 473 EP 487 DI 10.1007/s00239-005-0116-1 PG 15 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 030FZ UT WOS:000236621100007 PM 16547644 ER PT J AU Chen, XB Mao, SS AF Chen, XB Mao, SS TI Synthesis of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanomaterials SO JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review DE titanium dioxide; nanomaterials; nanoparticles; nanorods; nanowires; nanotubes; mesoporous/nanoporous materials ID SENSITIZED SOLAR-CELLS; LOW-TEMPERATURE SYNTHESIS; CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; THIN-FILM PHOTOCATALYSTS; MESOPOROUS METAL-OXIDES; ELECTRON-TRANSFER DYNAMICS; WATER-SPLITTING REACTIONS; THERMAL PLASMA OXIDATION; SHUTTLE REDOX MEDIATOR; AQUEOUS TICL4 SOLUTION AB Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is a promising material for many emerging applications. Even more promising are the benefits offered by the material when its length scale is reduced to the nanometer range. Nanomaterials usually exhibit unique properties resulting from either the extremely large surface area-to-volume ratio or the quantum confinement effect of energy carriers. In this article we present an overview of recent progress in the synthesis of TiO2 nanomaterials. The topics include synthesis of TiO2 nanoparticles, nanorods, nanowires, nanotubes, and mesoporous/nanoporous materials using different preparation approaches such as sol-gel, sol, hydrothermal, solvothermal, and vapor deposition. The applications of TiO2 nanomaterials are also briefly summarized. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Environm Energy Technol Div, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Environm Energy Technol Div, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 374 TC 145 Z9 149 U1 35 U2 290 PU AMER SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHERS PI VALENCIA PA 26650 THE OLD RD, STE 208, VALENCIA, CA 91381-0751 USA SN 1533-4880 EI 1533-4899 J9 J NANOSCI NANOTECHNO JI J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. PD APR PY 2006 VL 6 IS 4 BP 906 EP 925 DI 10.1166/jnn.2006.160 PG 20 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 036KE UT WOS:000237069200003 PM 16736747 ER PT J AU Liu, GD Lin, YH AF Liu, GD Lin, YH TI Carbon nanotube-tem plated assembly of protein SO JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE carbon nanotube; template; layer-by-layer self-assembly; proteins; biosensors ID LAYER-BY-LAYER; SUPERCRITICAL-FLUID; ELECTROCHEMICAL BIOSENSORS; PALLADIUM NANOPARTICLES; CLAY NANOPARTICLES; MULTILAYER FILMS; ULTRATHIN FILMS; FUEL-CELLS; FUNCTIONALIZATION; DNA AB This paper describes a novel general strategy for fabricating protein-polyion multilayers by electrostatic layer-by-layer (LBL) self-assembly on carbon nanotube templates. Such a noncovalent functionalization method is important for preserving the activity of biomolecular, the mechanical, and electrical properties of carbon nanotubes. Glucose oxidase and poly(diallyldimethylammonium) chloride polymer (PDDA) were used as models to investigate the LBL process on CNT templates. High-resolution TEM and electrochemical characterization confirm the formation of LBL nanostructures on carboxyl functionalized carbon nanotubes. We have also demonstrated the applications of these nanoshell bioreactors to direct electrochemistry of protein and biosensing. This strategy can be applied to assemble other biological molecules such as antibody, antigen, and DNA for wide bioassay applications. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Lin, YH (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI Lin, Yuehe/D-9762-2011 OI Lin, Yuehe/0000-0003-3791-7587 NR 62 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 17 PU AMER SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHERS PI STEVENSON RANCH PA 25650 NORTH LEWIS WAY, STEVENSON RANCH, CA 91381-1439 USA SN 1533-4880 J9 J NANOSCI NANOTECHNO JI J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. PD APR PY 2006 VL 6 IS 4 BP 948 EP 953 DI 10.1166/jnn.2006.133 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 036KE UT WOS:000237069200005 PM 16736749 ER PT J AU Weston, RE AF Weston, Ralph E., Jr. TI When is an isotope effect non-mass dependent? SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Isotope Science and Engineering from Basics to Applications (ISE 2005) CY SEP 21-23, 2005 CL Nagoya, JAPAN SP Nagoya Univ, 21st Cent COE Program DE isotope effects; isotopic exchange reactions ID INDEPENDENT FRACTIONATION; INTRAMOLECULAR THEORY; OZONE; COEFFICIENTS; MOLECULES; SPECTRUM; CM(-1); OXYGEN; H2S AB In the formation of ozone by an electric discharge in molecular oxygen, substitution of O-18 and O-17 for O-16 produces equal kinetic isotope effects. This may be taken as a paradigm of non-mass dependent isotope effects. However, a number of other reactions have been thus labeled, even when deviations from the expected ratio of similar to 0.5 for (O-17/O-16)/(O-18/O-16) are a few parts per thousand. Several equilibrium constants are calculated for isotopic exchange reactions involving oxygen and sulfur isotope effects, and it is shown that exact calculations can differ from this approximate ratio by a few percent. The conclusion is that the label "non-mass dependent" should be applied with care. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Weston, RE (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM Weston@bnl.gov NR 29 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 9 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0022-3131 EI 1881-1248 J9 J NUCL SCI TECHNOL JI J. Nucl. Sci. Technol. PD APR PY 2006 VL 43 IS 4 BP 295 EP 299 DI 10.1080/18811248.2006.9711092 PG 5 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 052PJ UT WOS:000238245300002 ER PT J AU Shaughnessy, RJ Sextro, RG AF Shaughnessy, RJ Sextro, RG TI What is an effective portable air cleaning device? A review SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE LA English DT Review DE air cleaner; clean air delivery rate; effectiveness; gas; particle; portable air cleaner ID INDOOR AIR; PARTICLES; CLEANERS; VENTILATION; DEPOSITION; DELIVERY; ROOM AB The use of pot-table air cleaning devices in residential settings has been steadily growing over the last 10 years. Three out of every 10 households now contain a portable air cleaning device. This increased use of air cleaners is accompanied by, if not influenced by, a fundamental belief by consumers that the air cleaners are providing an improved indoor air environment. However, there is a wide variation in the performance of air cleaners that is dependent on the specific air cleaner design and various indoor factors. The most widely used method in the United States to assess the performance of new air cleaners is the procedure described in the American National Standards Institute (ANSI)/Association of Home Appliance Manufacturers (AHAM) AC-1-2002. This method describes both the test conditions and the testing protocol. The protocol yields a performance metric that is based art the measured decay rate of contaminant concentrations with the air cleaner operating compared with the measured decay rate with the air cleaner turned off. The resulting metric, the clean air delivery rate (CADR), permits both an intercomparison of performance among various air cleaners and a comparison of air cleaner operation to other contaminant removal processes. lit this article, we comment on the testing process, discuss its applicability to various contaminants, and evaluate the resulting performance metrics for effective air cleaning. C1 Univ Tulsa, Indoor Air Program, Dept Chem Engn, Tulsa, OK 74114 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Indoor Environm Dept, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Shaughnessy, RJ (reprint author), Univ Tulsa, Indoor Air Program, Dept Chem Engn, 2611 S Trenton Ave, Tulsa, OK 74114 USA. EM rjstulsau@aol.com NR 41 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 13 U2 37 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1545-9624 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON HYG JI J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. PD APR PY 2006 VL 3 IS 4 BP 169 EP 181 DI 10.1080/15459620600580129 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 030FG UT WOS:000236619000004 PM 16531290 ER PT J AU Anderson, N Bouhelier, A Novotny, L AF Anderson, N Bouhelier, A Novotny, L TI Near-field photonics: tip-enhanced microscopy and spectroscopy on the nanoscale SO JOURNAL OF OPTICS A-PURE AND APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article DE near-field; single-walled carbon nanotubes; vibrational spectroscopy; gold nanoparticles; plasmons ID SCANNING OPTICAL MICROSCOPY; NOBLE-METAL NANOPARTICLES; SINGLE CARBON NANOTUBES; RAMAN-SCATTERING; SURFACE-PLASMON; GOLD NANORODS; MOLECULES; LIGHT; FLUORESCENCE; PROBE AB Any detailed study of the interaction of electromagnetic radiation with nanoscale systems is limited by diffraction effects in classical optical systems. Near-field microscopy extends conventional imaging beyond this self-imposed barrier and is used to perform microscopy and spectroscopy with ultra-high spatial resolution. In this article we will discuss the use of the enhanced electric field created at the apex of a sharp laser-irradiated metal tip as a means of producing a truly nanoscale light source. This confined light source can be used to excite locally vibrational modes along carbon nanotubes or to investigate surface charge oscillations in optically resonant nanoparticles. We report the use of such a technique to demonstrate localized photofluorescence and Raman imaging with sub 20 nm spatial resolution. C1 Univ Rochester, Inst Opt, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Anderson, N (reprint author), Univ Rochester, Inst Opt, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. EM novotny@optics.rochester.edu RI Bouhelier, Alexandre/A-1960-2010 NR 50 TC 60 Z9 61 U1 3 U2 16 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1464-4258 J9 J OPT A-PURE APPL OP JI J. Opt. A-Pure Appl. Opt. PD APR PY 2006 VL 8 IS 4 SI SI BP S227 EP S233 DI 10.1088/1464-4258/8/4/S24 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA 046LJ UT WOS:000237812800025 ER PT J AU Shivle, S Siegel, HJ Maciejewski, AA Sugavanam, P Banka, T Castain, R Chindam, K Dussinger, S Pichumani, P Satyasekaran, P Saylor, W Sendek, D Sousa, J Sridharan, J Velazco, J AF Shivle, S Siegel, HJ Maciejewski, AA Sugavanam, P Banka, T Castain, R Chindam, K Dussinger, S Pichumani, P Satyasekaran, P Saylor, W Sendek, D Sousa, J Sridharan, J Velazco, J TI Static allocation of resources to communicating subtasks in a heterogeneous ad hoc grid environment SO JOURNAL OF PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED COMPUTING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th Heterogeneous Computing Workshop (HCW 2004) CY APR, 2004 CL Santa Fe, NM SP IEEE DE ad hoc grids; communication scheduling; mapping; resource allocation; task scheduling ID DISTRIBUTED COMPUTING SYSTEMS; INDEPENDENT TASKS; ALGORITHMS AB An ad hoc grid is a heterogeneous computing and communication system that allows a group of mobile devices to accomplish a mission, often in a hostile environment. Energy management is a major concerti ill ad hoc grids. The problem studied here focuses on statically assigning resources in an ad hoc grid to an application composed of communicating subtasks. The goal of the allocation is to minimize the average percentage of energy consumed by the application to execute across the machines in the ad hoc grid, while meeting an application execution time constraint. This pre-computed allocation is then used when the application is deployed in a mission. Six different heuristic approaches of varying time complexities have been designed and compared via simulations to solve this ad hoc grid allocation problem. Also. a lower bound based on the performance metric has been designed to compare the performance of the heuristics developed. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Colorado State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Colorado State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Adv Comp Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. HP Technol, Ft Collins, CO 80528 USA. Stelex, San Juan, PR USA. RP Sugavanam, P (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM ssameer@engr.colostate.edu; hj@engr.colostate.edu; aam@engr.colostate.edu; prasanna@engr.colostate.edu; tarunb@engr.colostate.edu; rhc@lanl.gov; kiran@engr.colostate.edu; sjd@fc.hp.com; prkash@engr.colostate.edu; moses@engr.colostate.edu; sendekdm@lamar.colostate.edu; jso@fc.hp.com; jaya@engr.colostate.edu; jose.velazco@abbott.com NR 31 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0743-7315 J9 J PARALLEL DISTR COM JI J. Parallel Distrib. Comput. PD APR PY 2006 VL 66 IS 4 BP 600 EP 611 DI 10.1016/j.jpda.2005.10.005 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA 028XM UT WOS:000236522100012 ER PT J AU White, TL Martin, KB Oji, LN DiPrete, DP Wilmarth, WR AF White, TL Martin, KB Oji, LN DiPrete, DP Wilmarth, WR TI Analysis of high-level waste for tetraphenylborate using HPLC SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article AB One waste remediation process used at the Savannah River Site was the in-tank precipitation of the beta-emitting Cs-137 from high-level waste (HLW) using sodium tetraphenylborate (NaTPB) followed by processing the resulting decontaminated filtrate into grout at the Saltstone Production Facility (SPF). A simple method was developed for the monitoring of tetraphenylborate (TPB) in high-level waste (HLW) containing up to 0.38 Ci/gal of Cs-137. Separation was achieved by extraction of the high sodium-bearing waste with acetonitrile followed by analysis using reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The sample preparation method allowed for the handling of an organic extraction layer that had 94% less acitivity than the HLW sample. The subsequent HPLC analysis of the extraction layer determined the TPB concentration in HLW waste to 0.8 mg/l with a %rsd of 8. C1 Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Savannah River Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. RP White, TL (reprint author), Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Savannah River Lab, Westinghouse Savannah River Site,773-A B-160, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. EM thomas02.white@srs.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD APR PY 2006 VL 268 IS 1 BP 65 EP 69 DI 10.1007/s10967-006-0125-6 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 020IM UT WOS:000235902200010 ER PT J AU Silver, GL AF Silver, GL TI Work of plutonium(IV) disproportionation: Alternative perspectives SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article AB The work of disproportionation of tetravalent plutonium can be estimated in two ways. In the first way, the Pu4+ cation generates three other oxidation states and PuOH3+. In the second way, the sum of Pu4+ and PuOH3+ generates three other oxidation states and fraction of PuOH(3+)changes. The methods yield different estimates of the work of Pu4+ disproportionation. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Silver, GL (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663,MS E517, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM gsilver@lanl.gov NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD APR PY 2006 VL 268 IS 1 BP 171 EP 173 DI 10.1556/JRNC.268.2006.1.31 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 020IM UT WOS:000235902200031 ER PT J AU Chen, K Leona, M Vo-Dinh, KC Yan, F Wabuyele, MB Vo-Dinh, T AF Chen, K Leona, M Vo-Dinh, KC Yan, F Wabuyele, MB Vo-Dinh, T TI Application of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) for the identification of anthraquinone dyes used in works of art SO JOURNAL OF RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE SERS; anthraquinone dyes; historical textiles; art and archaeology ID SILVER ELECTRODE; SPECTRA; NANOPARTICLES; SPECTROSCOPY; MICROSCOPY; PIGMENTS; PYRIDINE; ALIZARIN; RESINS AB Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) was investigated for applications in the analysis of anthraquinone dyes used in works of art. Two SERS procedures were developed and evaluated with three frequently used anthraquinone dyes, alizarin, carminic acid and lac dye. The first procedure involves coating a layer of silver nanoparticles directly on pieces of filter paper stained with the dyes of interest by thermal evaporation to induce SERS effect. In the second procedure, a SERS-active Ag-Al2O3 substrate was prepared by spin-coating an alumina-nanoparticle layer onto a glass slide to provide the nanostructure of the substrate, followed by thermally evaporating a layer of silver nanoparticles on top of the alumina layer. Aliquots of dye solutions were delivered onto this substrate to be analyzed. Intense SERS spectra characteristic of alizarin, carminic acid and lac dye were obtained using both SERS procedures. The effects of two parameters, the concentration of the alumina suspension and the thickness of the silver nanoparticle layer on the performance of the Ag-Al2O3 substrate were examined with alizarin as the model compound. Comparative studies were conducted between the Ag-Al2O3 substrate and the SERS substrate prepared using Tollens reaction. The Ag-Al2O3 substrate was shown to offer larger enhancement and improved reproducibility than the Tollens substrates. Finally, the potential applicability of the Ag-Al2O3 substrate for the analysis of real artifact objects was illustrated by the identification of alizarin extracted from a small piece of textile dyed using traditional methods and materials. The limit of detection for alizarin was estimated to be 7 x 10(-15) g from tests performed on solutions of known concentration. Copyright (c) 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Metropolitan Museum Art, New York, NY 10028 USA. ATD Co, Sci Art Media Dept, Knoxville, TN 37933 USA. RP Oak Ridge Natl Lab, 1 Bethel Valley Rd,MS 6101, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM vodinht@ornl.gov RI Yan, Fei/P-1330-2014 OI Yan, Fei/0000-0001-5983-143X NR 24 TC 61 Z9 61 U1 4 U2 51 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0377-0486 EI 1097-4555 J9 J RAMAN SPECTROSC JI J. Raman Spectrosc. PD APR PY 2006 VL 37 IS 4 BP 520 EP 527 DI 10.1002/jrs.1426 PG 8 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA 018LY UT WOS:000235767000008 ER PT J AU Bobev, S Fritsch, V Thompson, JD Sarrao, JL AF Bobev, S Fritsch, V Thompson, JD Sarrao, JL TI Synthesis, structure and physical properties of GdCU4Al and GdCU4Ga SO JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE rare-earth intermetallics; crystal structure; magnetic measurements; GdCu4Al; GdCu4Ga; AB(5)-type intemetallics ID ORTHORHOMBIC CECU6 STRUCTURE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; CU AB Two non-stoichiometric Gd compounds, GdCu5-Tr-x(x) (Tr = Al,Ga) have been synthesized from the corresponding elements by high temperature reactions in scaled tantalum containers. They crystallize in the hexagonal CaCu5-type (Pearson's symbol hP6, space group P6/mnum, No. 191) with lattice parameters determined front single-crystal X-ray diffraction at room temperature as follows: a=5.0831(10)angstrom; c=4.156(2)angstrom for GdCu(3.98(4))A(1.02(4)), and a=5.1025(10)angstrom; c=4.155(2)angstrom for GdCu3.9(1)Ga1.1(1), respectively. Structure refinements from single crystal X-ray diffraction data reveal that substitution of Cu for At or Ga takes place preferably oil one of the two transition metal sites with site symmetry mmm (3q). Both compounds order antiferromagnetically below similar to 40K and similar to 36K respectively, its determined from temperature dependent de-magnetization, resistivity and heat-capacity measurements. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Delaware, Dept Chem & Biochem, Newark, DE 19716 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Bobev, S (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Chem & Biochem, Newark, DE 19716 USA. EM sbobev@chem.udel.edu RI Fritsch, Veronika/P-1352-2016 OI Fritsch, Veronika/0000-0002-6620-4554 NR 28 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-4596 J9 J SOLID STATE CHEM JI J. Solid State Chem. PD APR PY 2006 VL 179 IS 4 BP 1035 EP 1040 DI 10.1016/j.jssc.2005.12.034 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 028PW UT WOS:000236501300011 ER PT J AU Huq, A Mitchell, JF Zheng, H Chapon, LC Radaelli, PG Knight, KS Stephens, PW AF Huq, A Mitchell, JF Zheng, H Chapon, LC Radaelli, PG Knight, KS Stephens, PW TI Structural and magnetic properties of the Kagome antiferromagnet YbBaCo4O7 SO JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE geometric frustration; cobaltite; charge-order; neutron diffraction; Kagome; mixed-valent ID SRCR9PGA12-9PO19; STATE AB The mixed-valent compound YbBaCo4O7 is built up of Kagome sheets of CoO4 tetrahedra, linked in the third dimension by a triangular layer of CoO4 tetrahedra in an analogous fashion to that found in the known geometrically frustrated magnets such as pyrochlores and SrCr9xGa12-9xO19 (SCGO). We have undertaken a study of the structural and magnetic properties of this compound using combined high-resolution powder neutron and synchrotron X-ray diffraction. YbBaCo4O7 undergoes a first-order trigonal -> orthorhombic phase transition at 175 K. We show that this transition occurs as a response to a markedly underbonded Ba2+ site in the high-temperature phase and does not appear to involve charge ordering of Co2+/Co3+ ions in the tetrahedra. The symmetry lowering relieves the geometric frustration of the structure, and a long-range-ordered 3-D antiferromagnetic state develops below 80 K. (c) 2006 Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Rutherford Appleton Lab, CCLRC, ISIS Facil, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. RP Mitchell, JF (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM mitchell@anl.gov RI Radaelli, Paolo/C-2952-2011; Huq, Ashfia/J-8772-2013 OI Radaelli, Paolo/0000-0002-6717-035X; Huq, Ashfia/0000-0002-8445-9649 NR 22 TC 96 Z9 97 U1 1 U2 19 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-4596 J9 J SOLID STATE CHEM JI J. Solid State Chem. PD APR PY 2006 VL 179 IS 4 BP 1136 EP 1145 DI 10.1016/j.jssc.2006.01.010 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 028PW UT WOS:000236501300023 ER PT J AU Sullens, TA Almond, PM Byrd, JA Beitz, JV Bray, TH Albrecht-Schmitt, TE AF Sullens, TA Almond, PM Byrd, JA Beitz, JV Bray, TH Albrecht-Schmitt, TE TI Extended networks, porous sheets, and chiral frameworks. Thorium materials containing mixed geometry anions: Structures and properties of Th(SeO3)SeO4), Th(IO3)(2)(SeO4)(H2O)(3)center dot H2O,and Th(Cro(4))(IO3)(2) SO JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE thorium chromate; thorium iodate; thorium selenite; thorium selenate; hydrothermal crystal growth; single crystal structure; thermal behavior; nonlinear optics ID DIMENSIONAL URANYL IODATES; BOND-VALENCE PARAMETERS; RARE-EARTH IODATES; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; HYDROTHERMAL SYNTHESIS; NITRATE DEPOSITS; SELENITE; SELENATES; CHILE; BETA-AGNPO2(SEO3) AB Three novel Th(IV) Compounds containing heavy oxoanions, Th(SeO3)(SeO4) (1), Th(IO3)(2)(SeO4)(H2O)(3) center dot H2O (2), and Th(CrO4)(IO3)(2) (3), have been synthesized under mild hydrothermal conditions. Each of these three distinct structures contain trigonal pyramidal and tetrahedral oxoanions. compound 1 adopts a three-dimensional structure formed from ThO9 tricapped trigonal prisms, trigonal pyramidal selenite, SeO32-, anions containing Se(IV), and tetrahedral selenate, SeO42-, anions containing Se(VI). The structure of 2 contains two-dimensional Porous sheets and occluded water molecules. The Th centers are found as isolated ThO9 tricapped trigonal prisms and are bound by four trigonal pyramidal iodate anions, two tetrahedral selenate anions, and three coordinating water molecules. In the structure of 3, the Th(IV) cations are found as ThO9 tricapped trigonal prisms. Each Th center is bound by six IO31- anions and three CrO42- anions forming a chiral three-dimensional structure. Second-harmonic generation of 532 run light front 1064 run radiation by a polycrystalline sample of 3 was observed. Crystallographic data (193 K, MoK alpha, = 0.71073): 1; monoclinic, P2(1)/c; a = 7.0351(5) angstrom, b = 9.5259(7) angstrom, c = 9.0266(7) angstrom, beta = 103.128(1), Z = 4 R(F) = 2.47% for 91 parameters with 1462 reflections with I > 2 sigma(1); 2, monoclinic, P2(1)/n, a = 7.4889(9) angstrom, b = 8.002(l) angstrom, beta = 20.165(3) angstrom, beta = 100.1142(2) Z = 4, R(F) = 4.71% for 158 parameters with 2934 reflections with I > 2 sigma(I); 3, orthorhombic, P2(1)2(1)2(1), a = 7.3672(5) angstrom, b = 9.3617(6) angstrom, c = 11.9201(7) angstrom, Z = 4, R(F) = 2.04% for 129 parameters with 2035 reflections with I > 2 sigma(I). (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Auburn Univ, Dept Chem, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. Auburn Univ, EC Leach Nucl Sci Ctr, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Albrecht-Schmitt, TE (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Dept Chem, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM albreth@auburn.edu NR 62 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 11 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-4596 EI 1095-726X J9 J SOLID STATE CHEM JI J. Solid State Chem. PD APR PY 2006 VL 179 IS 4 BP 1192 EP 1201 DI 10.1016/j.jssc.2006.01.017 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 028PW UT WOS:000236501300030 ER PT J AU Suleimenov, OM Boily, JF AF Suleimenov, O. M. Boily, Jean-Francois TI Pressure dependence of the acid/base equilibria of methyl orange in aqueous solutions to 1000 bar at 20 degrees C SO JOURNAL OF SOLUTION CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE methyl orange; pressure; equilbria; UV-Vis spectrophotometry ID DISSOCIATION AB The pressure dependence on the acid/base equilibria of methyl orange in aqueous solution was measured at 20 degrees C in the 1-1000 bar range with a newly designed flow-through spectrophotometric cell. Combined chemometric and thermodynamic analyses of the UV-Vis spectrophotometric data were used to extract the dissociation constants as well as the changes in molar volume and isothermal compressibility of methyl orange as a function of pressure. The results show that increasing the pressure promotes the deprotonation of methyl orange, with pK values ranging from 3.505 at 1 bar to 3.445 +/- 0.002 at 1000 bar. Increasing the pressure also yields small negative changes in the molar volume ranging from -6.9 cm(3) . mol(-1) at 1 bar to -1.7 cm(3) . mol(-1) at 1000 bar. The isothermal compressibility of methyl orange in this pressure range was estimated using the second derivative of second and third order polynomial fits to the constants, and resulted in a constant value of -48.4 x 10(-4) cm(3) . mol(-1) . bar(-1) in the former case, but increasing values from -107 x10(-4) cm(3) .mol(-1) . bar(-1) at 1 bar to 3.43 x 10(-4) cm(3) . mol(-1) . bar(-1) at 1000 bar in the latter case. Molar absorption coefficients for the protonated and deprotonated species were also shown to be only slightly effected by pressure changes and can be used to accurately predict the absorption spectra of methyl orange as a function of pressure. C1 Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Mineral & Petrol, Zurich, Switzerland. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Suleimenov, OM (reprint author), Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Mineral & Petrol, Zurich, Switzerland. EM boily@pnl.gov NR 13 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 7 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0095-9782 J9 J SOLUTION CHEM JI J. Solut. Chem. PD APR PY 2006 VL 35 IS 4 BP 541 EP 549 DI 10.1007/s10953-005-9014-9 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 063EB UT WOS:000238998000005 ER PT J AU Lemaitre, A Maloney, C AF Lemaitre, A Maloney, C TI Sum rules for the quasi-static and visco-elastic response of disordered solids at zero temperature SO JOURNAL OF STATISTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE amorphous solids; Born-Huang approximation; visco-elasticity; non-affine ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS METHOD; MONTE CARLO CALCULATIONS; SOFT GLASSY MATERIALS; ELASTIC-CONSTANTS; COMPRESSED EMULSIONS; ANISOTROPIC SOLIDS; GRANULAR MEDIA; FOAM MECHANICS; RANDOM PACKING; BUBBLE-SCALE AB We study exact results concerning the non-affine displacement fields observed by Tanguy et al. [Europhys. Lett. 57, 423 (2002), Phys. Rev. B 66, 174205 (2002)] and their contributions to elasticity. A normal mode analysis permits us to estimate the dominant contributions to the non-affine corrections to elasticity and relate these corrections to the correlator of a fluctuating force field. We extend this analysis to the visco-elastic dynamical response of the system. C1 Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, CMS MSTD, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Paris 06, LMDH, UMR 7603, F-75005 Paris, France. RP Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. RI Maloney, Craig/A-1923-2012; Lemaitre, Anael/F-1972-2010 OI Lemaitre, Anael/0000-0002-6865-9245 NR 69 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0022-4715 EI 1572-9613 J9 J STAT PHYS JI J. Stat. Phys. PD APR PY 2006 VL 123 IS 2 BP 415 EP 453 DI 10.1007/s10955-005-9015-5 PG 39 WC Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 038AR UT WOS:000237190300007 ER PT J AU Park, K Chow, JC Watson, JG Trimble, DL Doraiswamy, P Park, K Arnott, WP Stroud, KR Bowers, K Bode, R Petzold, A Hansen, ADA AF Park, K Chow, JC Watson, JG Trimble, DL Doraiswamy, P Park, K Arnott, WP Stroud, KR Bowers, K Bode, R Petzold, A Hansen, ADA TI Comparison of continuous and filter-based carbon measurements at the Fresno Supersite SO JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Particulate Matter Supersites Program and Related Studies CY FEB, 2005 CL Atlanta, GA ID AEROSOL LIGHT-ABSORPTION; SAN-JOAQUIN VALLEY; BLACK CARBON; ELEMENTAL CARBON; AIR-QUALITY; ORGANIC-CARBON; CAMPAIGN 1999; INSTRUMENT; PARTICLES; TRANSMITTANCE AB Results from six continuous and semicontinuous black carbon (BC) and elemental carbon (EC) measurement methods are compared for ambient samples collected from December 2003 through November 2004 at the Fresno Supersite in California. Instruments included a multi-angle absorption photometer (MAAP; lambda = 670 nm); a dual-wavelength (X = 370 and 880 nm) aethalometer; seven-color (X = 370, 470, 520, 590, 660, 880, and 950 nm) aethalometers; the Sunset Laboratory carbon aerosol analysis field instrument; a photoacoustic light absorption analyzer (lambda = 1047 nm); and the R&P 5400 ambient carbon particulate monitor. All of these acquired BC or EC measurements over periods of 1 min to 1 hr. Twenty-four-hour integrated filter samples were also acquired and analyzed by the Interagency Monitoring of Protected Visual Environments (IMPROVE) thermal/optical reflectance carbon analysis protocol. Site-specific mass absorption efficiencies estimated by comparing light absorption with IMPROVE EC concentrations were 5.5 m(2)/g for the MAAP, 10 m(2)/g for the aethalometer at a wavelength of 880 nm, and 2.3 m(2)/g for the photoacoustic analyzer, these differed from the default efficiencies of 6.5, 16.6, and 5 m(2)/g, respectively. Scaling absorption by inverse wavelength did not provide equivalent light absorption coefficients among the instruments for the Fresno aerosol measurements. Ratios of light absorption at 370 nm to those at 880 nm from the aethalometer were nearly twice as high in winter as in summer. This is consistent with wintertime contributions from vehicle exhaust and from residential wood combustion, which is believed to absorb more shorter-wavelength light. To reconcile BC and EC measurements obtained by different methods, a better understanding is needed of the wavelength dependence of light-absorption and mass-absorption efficiencies and how they vary with different aerosol composition. C1 Desert Res Inst, Reno, NV USA. Gwangju Inst Sci & Technol, Kwangju, South Korea. Univ Nevada, Reno, NV 89557 USA. Calif Air Resources Board, Sacramento, CA USA. Deutsch Zentrum Luft & Raumfahrt Oberpfaffenhofen, Inst Phys Atmosphere, Wessling, Germany. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Chow, JC (reprint author), Desert Res Inst, Reno, NV USA. EM judy.chow@dri.edu; judy.chow@dri.edu RI Watson, John/E-6869-2010; Park, Kihong/F-8366-2011; Petzold, Andreas/J-2347-2012 OI Watson, John/0000-0002-1752-6899; Petzold, Andreas/0000-0002-2504-1680 NR 55 TC 60 Z9 60 U1 1 U2 20 PU AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOC PI PITTSBURGH PA ONE GATEWAY CENTER, THIRD FL, PITTSBURGH, PA 15222 USA SN 1047-3289 J9 J AIR WASTE MANAGE JI J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. PD APR PY 2006 VL 56 IS 4 BP 474 EP 491 PG 18 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 033ZZ UT WOS:000236894900011 PM 16681212 ER PT J AU Nguyen, BN Koeppel, BJ Ahzi, S Khaleel, MA Singh, P AF Nguyen, BN Koeppel, BJ Ahzi, S Khaleel, MA Singh, P TI Crack growth in solid oxide fuel cell materials: From discrete to continuum damage modeling SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID YTTRIA-STABILIZED ZIRCONIA; GRAIN-BOUNDARY CAVITATION; SHORT-FIBER COMPOSITES; MECHANISTIC APPROACH; FRACTURE; TOUGHNESS; STRENGTH AB This paper addresses the damage and fracture issues of glass and ceramic materials used in solid oxide fuel cells. Analyses of an internal crack and of an interface crack between dissimilar materials were conducted using a modified boundary layer modeling approach. In this approach, fracture is allowed to occur in a small process window situated at an initial crack tip. Elastic displacement crack-tip fields are prescribed as remote boundary conditions. Crack propagation was first modeled discretely. Next, a continuum damage mechanics (CDM) model for brittle materials was developed to capture damage and crack growth in the process window. In particular, the damage model was applied to a glass-ceramic material that had been developed in-house for sealing purposes. Discrete and continuum damage solutions were then compared. Finally, the CDM model was used to determine the crack propagation direction as a function of a mode mixity measure. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Nguyen, BN (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM ba.nguyen@pnl.gov RI Singh, Prabhakar/M-3186-2013; OI khaleel, mohammad/0000-0001-7048-0749 NR 32 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 6 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD APR PY 2006 VL 89 IS 4 BP 1358 EP 1368 DI 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2005.00874.x PG 11 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 024DM UT WOS:000236175200029 ER PT J AU Page, JS Tolmachev, AV Tang, KQ Smith, RD AF Page, JS Tolmachev, AV Tang, KQ Smith, RD TI Theoretical and experimental evaluation of the low m/z transmission of an electrodynamic ion funnel SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article ID IONIZATION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ELECTROSPRAY-IONIZATION; INTERFACE; GUIDE AB The transmission of ions at low m/z can often be either necessary for an application or problematic (e.g., when large numbers of low m/z ions consume a large fraction of an ion trap's capacity). The low m/z ion transmission limit of an electrodynamic ion funnel has been characterized using both experimental and theoretical approaches. A theoretical model is developed based on a series of infinite wire conductors that represent the ring electrodes of the ion funnel. Mathematical relationships for both low and high m/z cutoffs of the idealized two-dimensional system are derived. The low m/z cutoff is also evaluated through a series of experiments that show it is influenced by both the RF frequency and the DC electric field gradient. However, unlike multipole ion glides, there is no marked dependence of the low m/z cutoff on the RF amplitude, in agreement with theoretical results. With this new understanding, ion funnels can be designed and configured to better match the m/z range requirements for various applications. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, 3335 Q Ave K8-98,POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012 OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349 FU NCRR NIH HHS [P41 RR018522, RR18522] NR 23 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 4 U2 24 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1044-0305 EI 1879-1123 J9 J AM SOC MASS SPECTR JI J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. PD APR PY 2006 VL 17 IS 4 BP 586 EP 592 DI 10.1016/j.jasms.2005.12.013 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical; Spectroscopy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA 031OF UT WOS:000236713200012 PM 16503158 ER PT J AU Cockerill, K Passell, H Tidwell, V AF Cockerill, K Passell, H Tidwell, V TI Cooperative modeling: Building bridges between science and the public SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE water resource planning; public participation; water policy; cooperative modeling; system dynamics ID RIO-GRANDE; PERCEPTIONS AB As freshwater resources become more scarce and water management becomes more contentious, new planning approaches are essential to maintain ecologic, economic, and social stability. One technique involves cooperative modeling in which scientists and stakeholders work together to develop a computer simulation model to assist in planning efforts. In the Middle Rio Grande region of New Mexico, where water management is hotly debated, a stakeholder team used a system dynamics approach to create a computer simulation model to facilitate producing a regional plan. While the model itself continues to be valuable, the process for creating the model was also valuable in helping stakeholders jointly develop understanding of and approaches to addressing complex issues. In this paper, the authors document results from post-project interviews designed to identify strengths and weaknesses of cooperative modeling; to determine if and how the model facilitated the planning process; and to solicit advice for others considering model aided planning. Modeling team members revealed that cooperative modeling did facilitate water planning. Interviewees suggested that other groups try to reach consensus on a guiding vision or philosophy for their project and recognize that cooperative modeling is time intensive. The authors also note that using cooperative modeling as a tool to build bridges between science and the public requires consistent communication about both the process and the product. C1 Appalachian State Univ, Sustainable Dev Program, Interdisciplinary Studies Dept, Boone, NC 28608 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Geosci & Environm Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Geohydrol Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Cockerill, K (reprint author), Appalachian State Univ, Sustainable Dev Program, Interdisciplinary Studies Dept, ASU Box 32080, Boone, NC 28608 USA. EM kmcabh@earthlink.net RI Cockerill, Kristan/J-7179-2012 NR 23 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER WATER RESOURCES ASSOC PI MIDDLEBURG PA 4 WEST FEDERAL ST, PO BOX 1626, MIDDLEBURG, VA 20118-1626 USA SN 1093-474X J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc. PD APR PY 2006 VL 42 IS 2 BP 457 EP 471 DI 10.1111/j.1752-1688.2006.tb03850.x PG 15 WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 035WG UT WOS:000237031800013 ER PT J AU Ahn, DC Sofronis, P Minich, R AF Ahn, DC Sofronis, P Minich, R TI On the micromechanics of void growth by prismatic-dislocation loop emission SO JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICS AND PHYSICS OF SOLIDS LA English DT Article DE void growth; dislocation loop; plasticity; defect interactions ID STRAIN GRADIENT PLASTICITY; TRIAXIAL STRESS-FIELDS; DUCTILE FRACTURE; FREE SURFACE; SIZE; SIMULATION; COHERENCY; MECHANISM; DYNAMICS; BEHAVIOR AB Experimental evidence and recent molecular dynamics simulations of void growth indicate that prismatic dislocation loop emission by externally applied stresses is a viable mechanism of void growth under shock loading conditions when diffusive processes are given no time to operate. In this paper, the process of growth by loop emission is studied in a model system comprised of a void in an infinite linearly elastic and isotropic solid loaded axisymmetrically by remote applied stresses. First, the interaction between applied stresses, the stress field of a single dislocation loop or a pile-up of loops next to the void, the surface energy expenditure on void surface change, and the lattice resistance to the motion of loops is reviewed. The necessary condition for interstitial loop emission is used to determine the equilibrium positions of the loops as well as the maximum number of loops in a pile-up under given applied stresses. For the parameters of the model-material with purely hydrostatic loading, the numerical results yield a volume change for the void, which when normalized by the initial undeformed volume, exhibits a strong dependence on the size of the void for radii less than similar to 400 times the lattice Burgers vector. For larger voids, the normalized volume change was found to be independent of the void radius. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Mech & Ind Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Sofronis, P (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Mech & Ind Engn, 1206 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM sofronis@uiuc.edu NR 47 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 16 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-5096 EI 1873-4782 J9 J MECH PHYS SOLIDS JI J. Mech. Phys. Solids PD APR PY 2006 VL 54 IS 4 BP 735 EP 755 DI 10.1016/j.jmps.2005.10.011 PG 21 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Mechanics; Physics GA 028YO UT WOS:000236524900004 ER PT J AU Kawasaki, S Sada, T Miyoshi, T Kotegawa, H Mukuda, H Kobayashi, TC Fukuhara, T Maezawa, K Itoh, KM Haller, EE AF Kawasaki, S Sada, T Miyoshi, T Kotegawa, H Mukuda, H Kobayashi, TC Fukuhara, T Maezawa, K Itoh, KM Haller, EE TI Evidence for unconventional superconducting fluctuations in heavy-fermion compound CeNi2Ge2 SO JOURNAL OF THE PHYSICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN LA English DT Article DE heavy fermion; CeNi2Ge2; NQR; resistance; unconventional superconductivity ID MAGNETIC CRITICALITY; NORMAL-STATE; PRESSURE; BEHAVIOR; PHASES AB We present evidence for unconventional superconducting fluctuations in a heavy-fermion compound CeNi2Ge2. The temperature dependence of the Ge-73 nuclear-spin-lattice-relaxation rate 1/T-1 indicates the development of magnetic correlations and the formation of a Fermi-liquid state at temperatures lower than T-FL = 0.4 K, where 1/T1T is constant. The resistance and 1/T1T measured on an as-grown sample decrease below 7(c)(onset) = 0.2 K and T-c(NQR) = 0.1 K, respectively: these are indicative of the onset of superconductivity. However, after annealing the sample to improve its quality. these superconducting signatures disappear. These results are consistent with the emergence of unconventional superconducting fluctuations in close proximity to a quantum critical point from the superconducting to the normal phase in CeNi2Ge2. C1 Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Engn Sci, Dept Mat Engn Sci, Toyonaka, Osaka 5608531, Japan. Okayama Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Phys, Okayama 7008530, Japan. Toyama Prefectural Univ, Fac Engn, Toyama 93903, Japan. Keio Univ, Dept Appl Phys & PhysicoInformat, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2238522, Japan. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Kawasaki, S (reprint author), Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Engn Sci, Dept Mat Engn Sci, Toyonaka, Osaka 5608531, Japan. EM shinji@nmr.mp.es.osaka-u.ac.jp RI KOBAYASHI, Tatsuo/B-1527-2011; KAWASAKI, Shinji/B-2586-2011; Itoh, Kohei/C-5738-2014 NR 18 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 9 PU PHYSICAL SOC JAPAN PI TOKYO PA YUSHIMA URBAN BUILDING 5F, 2-31-22 YUSHIMA, BUNKYO-KU, TOKYO, 113-0034, JAPAN SN 0031-9015 J9 J PHYS SOC JPN JI J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. PD APR PY 2006 VL 75 IS 4 AR 043702 DI 10.1143/JPSJ.75.043702 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 036HO UT WOS:000237062400008 ER PT J AU Reidel, S AF Reidel, S TI Comment on Philpotts and Philpotts (2005): Crystal-mush compaction in the Cohassett flood-basalt flow, Hanford, Washington SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH LA English DT Editorial Material DE Columbia River Basalt Group; Grande Ronde Basalt; compaction ID COLUMBIA RIVER BASALT C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Battelle Pacific NW Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Reidel, S (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, MS K6-81,POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM sp.reidel@pnl.gov NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0377-0273 J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res. PD APR 1 PY 2006 VL 152 IS 1-2 BP 189 EP 193 DI 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2005.11.001 PG 5 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 027XG UT WOS:000236448800012 ER PT J AU Alvarez, G Moreo, A Dagotto, E AF Alvarez, G Moreo, A Dagotto, E TI Complexity in high-temperature superconductors SO LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID T-J MODEL; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; PHASE-SEPARATION; HUBBARD-MODEL; TRANSITION; INSULATOR; STRIPES; OXIDES AB A spin-fermion and Landau-Ginzburg model for high-temperature superconductors are formulated and analyzed with unbiased numerical techniques. A study of the competition between d-wave superconductivity and anti ferromagnetism in the clean limit suggests that the phase diagram is not universal. When chemical disorder is considered, a '' clustered state '' with short-range order but without long-range order appears, leading to the possibility of a giant proximity effect. The influence of disorder on the spectral function is also addressed, and results are compared to available-angle resolved photoemission data for cuprates. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Alvarez, G (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM alvarezcampg@ornl.gov NR 39 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1063-777X J9 LOW TEMP PHYS+ JI Low Temp. Phys. PD APR-MAY PY 2006 VL 32 IS 4-5 BP 290 EP 297 DI 10.1063/1.2199428 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 054QG UT WOS:000238393100003 ER PT J AU Chen, Q Levin, K Stajic, J AF Chen, Q. Levin, K. Stajic, J. TI Applying BCS-BEC crossover theory to high-temperature superconductors and ultracold atomic Fermi gases SO LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS LA English DT Review ID BOSE-EINSTEIN-CONDENSATION; T-C; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; NORMAL-STATE; MAGNETIC FLUCTUATIONS; PSEUDOGAP STATE; PAIRING GAP; EXCITATIONS; HEAT; BI2SR2CACU2O8+DELTA AB This review is written at the time of the twentieth anniversary of the discovery of high-temperature superconductors, which nearly coincides with the important discovery of the super-fluid phases of ultracold trapped fermionic atoms. We show how these two subjects have much in common. Both have been addressed from the perspective of the BCS-Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) crossover scenario, which is designed to treat short coherence length superfluids with transition temperatures which are '' high '' with respect to the Fermi energy. A generalized mean field treatment of BCS-BEC crossover at general temperatures T-,T- based on the BCS-Leggett ground state, has met with remarkable success in the fermionic atomic systems. Here we summarize this success in the context of four different cold atom experiments, all of which provide indications, direct or indirect, for the existence of a pseudogap. This scenario also provides a physical picture of the pseudogap phase in the underdoped cuprates which is a central focus of high T-c research. We summarize successful applications of BCS-BEC crossover to key experiments in high T-c systems, including the phase diagram, specific heat, and vortex core STM data, along with the Nernst effect, and exciting recent data on the superfluid density in very underdoped samples. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Chicago, James Franck Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Chen, Q (reprint author), Univ Chicago, James Franck Inst, 5640 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. EM qchen@jfi.uchicago.edu RI Chen, Qijin/A-7798-2009 OI Chen, Qijin/0000-0002-7168-162X NR 118 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1063-777X EI 1090-6517 J9 LOW TEMP PHYS+ JI Low Temp. Phys. PD APR-MAY PY 2006 VL 32 IS 4-5 BP 406 EP 423 DI 10.1063/1.2199443 PG 18 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 054QG UT WOS:000238393100014 ER PT J AU Remington, BA Allen, P Bringa, EM Hawreliak, J Ho, D Lorenz, KT Lorenzana, H McNaney, JM Meyers, MA Pollaine, SW Rosolankova, K Sadik, B Schneider, MS Swift, D Wark, J Yaakobi, B AF Remington, BA Allen, P Bringa, EM Hawreliak, J Ho, D Lorenz, KT Lorenzana, H McNaney, JM Meyers, MA Pollaine, SW Rosolankova, K Sadik, B Schneider, MS Swift, D Wark, J Yaakobi, B TI Material dynamics under extreme conditions of pressure and strain rate SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review DE material dynamics; high pressure strength; laser experiments ID ABSORPTION FINE-STRUCTURE; DUCTILE-BRITTLE TRANSITION; INDUCED SHOCK COMPRESSION; SOLID-STATE EXPERIMENTS; COPPER-ALUMINUM ALLOYS; ALPHA-IRON; CONSTITUTIVE DESCRIPTION; MONOCRYSTALLINE COPPER; TAYLOR INSTABILITY; TIME SCALES AB Solid state experiments at extreme pressures (10-100 GPa) and strain rates (10(6)-10(8) s(-1)) are being developed on high energy laser facilities, and offer the possibility for exploring new regimes of materials science. These extreme solid state conditions can be accessed with either shock loading or with a quasi-isentropic ramped pressure drive. Velocity interferometer measurements establish the high pressure conditions. Constitutive models for solid state strength under these conditions are tested by comparing 2D continuum simulations with experiments measuring perturbation growth from the Rayleigh-Taylor instability in solid state samples. Lattice compression, phase and temperature are deduced from extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) measurements, from which the shock induced alpha-omega phase transition in Ti and the alpha-epsilon phase transition in Fe, are inferred to occur on subnanosec time scales. Time resolved lattice response and phase can also be measured with dynamic X-ray diffraction measurements, where the elastic plastic (1D-3D) lattice relaxation in shocked Cu is shown to occur promptly (< 1 ns). Subsequent large scale molecular dynamics (MD) simulations elucidate the microscopic dislocation dynamics that underlies this 1D-3D lattice relaxation. Deformation mechanisms are identified by examining the residual microstructure in recovered samples. The slip-twinning threshold in single crystal Cu shocked along the [001] direction is shown to occur at shock strengths of similar to 20 GPa, whereas the corresponding transition for Cu shocked along the [134] direction occurs at higher shock strengths. This slip twinning threshold also depends on the stacking fault energy (SFE), being lower for low SFE materials. Designs have been developed for achieving much higher pressures, P > 1000 GPa, in the solid state on the National Ignition Facility (NIF) laser. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. Univ Oxford, Oxford, England. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY USA. RP Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM remington2@llnl.gov RI Bringa, Eduardo/F-8918-2011; McNaney, James/F-5258-2013; Meyers, Marc/A-2970-2016 OI Meyers, Marc/0000-0003-1698-5396 NR 62 TC 67 Z9 69 U1 1 U2 51 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0267-0836 EI 1743-2847 J9 MATER SCI TECH-LOND JI Mater. Sci. Technol. PD APR PY 2006 VL 22 IS 4 BP 474 EP 488 DI 10.1179/174328406X91069 PG 15 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 034OR UT WOS:000236939800011 ER PT J AU El Fakhria, G Sitek, A Zimmerman, RE Ouyang, J AF El Fakhria, G Sitek, A Zimmerman, RE Ouyang, J TI Generalized five-dimensional dynamic and spectral factor analysis SO MEDICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE simultaneous dual isotope SPECT; dynamic and spectral factor analyses ID DOPAMINE; PD AB We have generalized the spectral factor analysis and the factor analysis of dynamic sequences (FADS) in SPECT imaging to a five-dimensional general factor analysis model (5D-GFA), where the five dimensions are the three spatial dimensions, photon energy, and time. The generalized model yields a significant advantage in terms of the ratio of the number of equations to that of unknowns in the factor analysis problem in dynamic SPECT studies. We solved the 5D model using a least-squares approach. In addition to the traditional non-negativity constraints, we constrained the solution using a priori knowledge of both time and energy, assuming that primary factors (spectra) are Gaussian-shaped with full-width at half-maximum equal to gamma camera energy resolution. 5D-GFA was validated in a simultaneous pre-/post-synaptic dual isotope dynamic phantom study where Tc-99m and I-123 activities were used to model early Parkinson disease studies. 5D-GFA was also applied to simultaneous perfusion/dopamine transporter (DAT) dynamic SPECT in rhesus monkeys. In the striatal phantom, 5D-GFA yielded significantly more accurate and precise estimates of both primary Tc-99m (bias=6.4% 4.3%) and I-123 (-1.7% +/- 6.9%) time activity curves (TAC) compared to conventional FADS (biases=15.5% 10.6% in Tc-99m and 8.3%+/- 12.7% in 1231, p < 0.05). Our technique was also validated in two primate dynamic dual isotope perfusion/DAT transporter studies. Biases of Tc-99m-HMPAO and I-123-DAT activity estimates with respect to estimates obtained in the presence of only one radionuclide (sequential imaging) were significantly lower with 5D-GFA (9.4% 4.3% for Tc-99m-HMPAO and 8.7%+/- 4.1% for I-123-DAT) compared to biases greater than 15% for volumes of interest (VOI) over the reconstructed volumes (p < 0.05). 5D-GFA is a novel and promising approach in dynamic SPECT imaging that can also be used in other modalities. It allows accurate and precise dynamic analysis while compensating for Compton scatter and cross-talk. (c) 2006 American Association of Physicists in Medicine. C1 Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Brigham & Womens Hosp, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP El Fakhria, G (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM elfakhri@bwh.harvard.edu OI Sitek, Arkadiusz/0000-0002-0677-4002 FU NIBIB NIH HHS [R01 EB001989-10, EB-005876, EB001989, R01 EB001989, R01 EB001989-09, R01-EB000802] NR 17 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC PHYSICISTS MEDICINE AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0094-2405 J9 MED PHYS JI Med. Phys. PD APR PY 2006 VL 33 IS 4 BP 1016 EP 1024 DI 10.1118/1.2179168 PG 9 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 035YS UT WOS:000237038300024 PM 16696478 ER PT J AU Perricone, MJ Dupont, JN AF Perricone, MJ Dupont, JN TI Effect of composition on the solidification behavior of several Ni-Cr-Mo and Fe-Ni-Cr-Mo alloys SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID AUSTENITIC STAINLESS-STEEL; NB-BEARING SUPERALLOYS; MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVELOPMENT; CRACKING SUSCEPTIBILITY; CORROSION-RESISTANCE; WELDING METALLURGY; CHROMIUM AB The microstructural development of several Ni-Cr-Mo and Fe-Ni-Cr-Mo alloys over a range of conditions has been examined. A commercial alloy, AL-6XN, was chosen for analysis along with three experimental compositions to isolate the contribution of individual alloying elements to the overall microstructural development. Detailed microstructural characterization on each alloy demonstrated that the observed solidification reaction sequences were primarily dependent on the segregation behavior of molybdenum (Mo), which was unaffected by the large difference ill cooling rate between differential thermal analysis (DTA) samples and welded specimens. This explains the invariance of the amount of eutectic constituent observed in the microstructure in the welded and DTA conditions. Multicomponent liquidus projections developed using the CALPHAD approach were combined with solidification path calculations as a first step to understanding the observed solidification reaction sequences. Discrepancies between the calculations and observed reaction sequences were resolved by proposing slight modifications to the calculated multicomponent liquidus projections. C1 Lehigh Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. RP Perricone, MJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Joining & Coatings Div, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM mperric@sandia.gov NR 46 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 10 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD APR PY 2006 VL 37A IS 4 BP 1267 EP 1280 DI 10.1007/s11661-006-1078-7 PG 14 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 034VY UT WOS:000236959900018 ER PT J AU Rivard, JDK Sabau, AS Blue, CA Harper, DC Kiggans, JO AF Rivard, JDK Sabau, AS Blue, CA Harper, DC Kiggans, JO TI Modeling and processing of liquid-phase-sintered gamma-TiAl during high-density infrared processing SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID TITANIUM ALUMINIDES; SHEET FABRICATION; NICKEL SHEET AB A new method for the rapid processing of thin gage sheet of traditionally difficult-to-process materials, such as gamma-TiAl, has been modeled and experimentally developed. The method uses high density infrared (HDI) rapid heating of a plasma arc lamp to liquid-phase sinter powder metal compact precursors to structures of varying densities. Material properties for precursor gamma-TiAl compacts were effectively chosen or determined and then used with a finite-volume heat-transfer modeling code to model the process. With the aid of the model, processing parameters were determined that allowed for a temperature gradient across the sheet that would produce a liquid-phase cast structure on the surface, residual powder on the backside, and a middle layer solid + liquid zone. Temperature and phase fields were predicted through the thickness of the sheet using the model. Fine grain, lamellar structured materials were produced in the liquid-phase-sintered zone. C1 Strateg Anal, Arlington, VA 22201 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Proc Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Rivard, JDK (reprint author), Strateg Anal, Arlington, VA 22201 USA. EM jrivard@sainc.com RI Sabau, Adrian/B-9571-2008; kiggans, james/E-1588-2017 OI Sabau, Adrian/0000-0003-3088-6474; kiggans, james/0000-0001-5056-665X NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD APR PY 2006 VL 37A IS 4 BP 1289 EP 1299 DI 10.1007/s11661-006-1081-z PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 034VY UT WOS:000236959900020 ER PT J AU Xing, Q Huang, X Hansen, N AF Xing, Q Huang, X Hansen, N TI Recovery of heavily cold-rolled aluminum: Effect of local texture SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID COMMERCIALLY PURE ALUMINUM; CONTINUOUS RECRYSTALLIZATION; GRAIN-ORIENTATION; SUBGRAIN GROWTH; LARGE STRAINS; MICROSTRUCTURE; DEFORMATION; STRENGTH; ALLOYS; DEPENDENCE AB Commercial-purity aluminum, AA1200, was cold-rolled to 2 true thickness strain of 2 and annealed at low temperatures. The microstructural evolution and the changes of the rolling, cube, Goss, and other texture components were characterized thoroughly by transmission electron microscopy. Both the deformation microstructure and the annealing behavior were found to be texture dependent, In the deformed structure, texture components other than the rolling, cube, and Goss showed a broader orientation spread as well as a larger content of stored energy. Structural coarsening took place during the annealing and depended on the local texture environment. Other texture components showed more pronounced coarsening than the rolling components. The orientational heterogeneity in the deformed structure influenced the heterogeneous structural coarsening during the recovery. C1 Riso Natl Lab, Mat Res Dept, Ctr Fundamental Res Met Struct Four Dimens, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark. RP Huang, X (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM xiaoxu.huang@risoc.dk NR 32 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 2 U2 17 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD APR PY 2006 VL 37A IS 4 BP 1311 EP 1322 DI 10.1007/s11661-006-1083-x PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 034VY UT WOS:000236959900022 ER PT J AU Goldstein, JI Michael, JR AF Goldstein, JI Michael, JR TI The formation of plessite in meteoritic metal SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON BACKSCATTER DIFFRACTION; ORIENTATION RELATIONSHIPS; IRON-METEORITES; ATAXITES; GRAIN AB Plessite is a mixture of body-centered cubic (bcc) kamacite (alpha), face-centered cubic (fcc) taenite (gamma), and/or ordered FeNi-tetrataenite (gamma') phases and is observed in the metal of iron, stony-iron, and chondritic meteorites. The formation of plessite was studied by measuring the orientation of the bcc and fcc phases over large regions of plessite using electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) analysis in five ataxites, the Carlton IAB-IIICD iron, and zoneless plessite metal in the Kernouve H6 chondrite. The EBSD results show that there are a number of different orientations of the bcc kamacite phase in the plessite microstructure. These orientations reflect the reaction path gamma (fcc) -> alpha(2) (bcc) in which the (alpha(2) phase forms during cooling below the martensite start temperature, M-s, on the close-packed planes of the parent fee phase according to one or more of the established orientation relationships (Kurdjumov-Sachs, Nishiyama-Wasserman, and Greninger-Troiano) for the fcc to bcc transformation. The EBSD results also show that the orientation of the taenite and/or tetrataenite regions at the interfaces of prior alpha(2) (martensite) laths, is the same as that of the single crystal parent taenite gamma phase of the meteorite. Therefore, the parent taenite gamma was retained at the interfaces of martensite laths during cooling after the formation of martensite. The formation of plessite is described by the reaction gamma -> alpha(2) + gamma -> alpha + gamma. This reaction is inconsistent with the decomposition of martensite laths to form gamma phase as described by the reaction gamma -> alpha(2) -> alpha + gamma, which is the classical mechanism proposed by previous investigators. The varying orientations of the fine exsolved taenite and/or tetrataenite within decomposed martensite laths, however, are a response to the decomposition of cc, (martensite) laths at low temperature and are formed by the reaction alpha(2) -> alpha + gamma. C1 Univ Massachusetts, Engn Lab 313, Dept Mech & Ind Engn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Mat Characterizat Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Goldstein, JI (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Engn Lab 313, Dept Mech & Ind Engn, 160 Governors Dr, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. EM jig0@ecs.umass.edu NR 19 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 2 U2 13 PU METEORITICAL SOC PI FAYETTEVILLE PA DEPT CHEMISTRY/BIOCHEMISTRY, UNIV ARKANSAS, FAYETTEVILLE, AR 72701 USA SN 1086-9379 J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci. PD APR PY 2006 VL 41 IS 4 BP 553 EP 570 PG 18 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 038IF UT WOS:000237212300006 ER PT J AU Ji, Q Chen, Y Ji, LL Jiang, XM Leung, KN AF Ji, Q Chen, Y Ji, LL Jiang, XM Leung, KN TI Ion beam imprinting system for nanofabrication SO MICROELECTRONIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 31st International Conference on Micro- and Nano-Engineering CY SEP 19-22, 2005 CL Vienna, AUSTRIA DE nanofabrication; ion beam imprinting; plasma-assisted thin film deposition; nanopores AB An ion beam imprinting system has been developed in Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. In order to push ion beam imprinting technology to nanometer regime, it is very important to fabricate membranes with arrays of apertures only a few nanometers in diameter. In this article, we describe a simple method of forming nanopore arrays by simultaneously shrinking apertures of micrometer dimensions using plasma-assisted thin-film deposition. Nanopores of 13 nm in diameter and nanoslits of 20 nm in width have been fabricated. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Nucl Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Ji, Q (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 5R0121, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM qji@lbl.gov NR 9 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-9317 J9 MICROELECTRON ENG JI Microelectron. Eng. PD APR-SEP PY 2006 VL 83 IS 4-9 BP 796 EP 799 DI 10.1016/j.mee.2006.01.094 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Optics; Physics GA 043EG UT WOS:000237581900044 ER PT J AU Seo, HW Chen, QY Tu, LW Chen, M Wang, XM Hsiao, CL Tu, YJ Shao, L Lozano, O Chu, WK AF Seo, HW Chen, QY Tu, LW Chen, M Wang, XM Hsiao, CL Tu, YJ Shao, L Lozano, O Chu, WK TI GaN nanorod assemblies on self-implanted (111) Si substrates SO MICROELECTRONIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 31st International Conference on Micro- and Nano-Engineering CY SEP 19-22, 2005 CL Vienna, AUSTRIA DE GaN; nanostructure; nanotrench; nanorod; surface modification; self-implantation; silicon ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; POINT-DEFECTS; DIFFUSION; SILICON AB Periodic arrays of GaN nanostructures are fabricated by MBE growth on self-implanted (111) Si substrates. Nanocapillary condensation is found to be an effective catalytic process fostering the formation of epitaxially aligned GaN nanorods in company with the thin film matrix. Changes of Si substrate surface morphology prior to deposition as a result of ion bombardments are responsible for the enhanced nanorod growth. This is attributed to the nanocapillary condensation of Ga droplets that serve as a medium to the vapor-liquid-solid growth of nanorods out of its supporting matrix, (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Houston, Dept Phys, Houston, TX 77004 USA. Univ Houston, Texas Ctr Superconductiv, Houston, TX 77004 USA. Natl Sun Yat Sen Univ, Dept Phys, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan. Natl Sun Yat Sen Univ, Ctr Nanosci & Nanotechnol, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Chen, QY (reprint author), Univ Houston, Dept Phys, Houston, TX 77004 USA. EM Qchen@uh.edu RI Hsiao, Ching-Lien/A-7409-2015; OI Hsiao, Ching-Lien/0000-0001-7192-0670; Lozano Garcia, Omar/0000-0003-3156-5779 NR 10 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-9317 J9 MICROELECTRON ENG JI Microelectron. Eng. PD APR-SEP PY 2006 VL 83 IS 4-9 BP 1714 EP 1717 DI 10.1016/j.mee.2006.01.258 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Optics; Physics GA 043EG UT WOS:000237581900264 ER PT J AU Schenkel, T Liddle, JA Bokor, J Persaud, A Park, SJ Shangkuan, J Lo, CC Kwon, S Lyon, SA Tyryshkin, AM Rangelow, IW Sarov, Y Schneider, DH Ager, J de Sousa, R AF Schenkel, T. Liddle, J. A. Bokor, J. Persaud, A. Park, S. J. Shangkuan, J. Lo, C. C. Kwon, S. Lyon, S. A. Tyryshkin, A. M. Rangelow, I. W. Sarov, Y. Schneider, D. H. Ager, J. de Sousa, R. TI Strategies for integration of donor electron spin qubits in silicon SO MICROELECTRONIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 31st International Conference on Micro- and Nano-Engineering CY SEP 19-22, 2005 CL Vienna, AUSTRIA DE quantum computing; electron spin resonance; ion implantation; single electron transistor ID SINGLE-ION IMPLANTATION; QUANTUM COMPUTER; TRANSISTORS AB Spins of electrons bound to donor electrons are attractive candidates for exploration of quantum information processing in silicon. We present results from our development of donor electron spin qubit structures. Donors are placed into isotopically enriched (28)Si by ion implantation. The coherence properties of donor implants in pre-device structures are probed by pulsed electron spin resonance (ESR). The spin de-coherence time, T(2), for (121)Sb donors implanted into a peak depth of 50 nm from a thermal oxide interface is 0.3 ms at 5 K, increasing to 0.75 ms when the silicon surface is passivated with hydrogen. A technique for formation of donor arrays by ion implantation with scanning force microscope alignment is presented, and we discuss coherence limiting factors with respect to the implementation of a single spin readout scheme. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Pfizer Ctr Theoret Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EO, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Princeton Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Univ Kassel, Inst Microstruct Technol & Analyt, D-3500 Kassel, Germany. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP de Sousa, R (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM T_Schenkel@LBL.gov RI Liddle, James/A-4867-2013; Tyryshkin, Alexei/A-5219-2008; de Sousa, Rogerio/C-1078-2008; Bokor, Jeffrey/A-2683-2011; OI Liddle, James/0000-0002-2508-7910; de Sousa, Rogerio/0000-0003-4258-270X; Ager, Joel/0000-0001-9334-9751 NR 15 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-9317 J9 MICROELECTRON ENG JI Microelectron. Eng. PD APR-SEP PY 2006 VL 83 IS 4-9 BP 1814 EP 1817 DI 10.1016/j.mee.2006.01.234 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Optics; Physics GA 043EG UT WOS:000237581900285 ER PT J AU Eidenbenz, S Kumar, VSA Zust, S AF Eidenbenz, Stephan Kumar, V. S. Anil Zust, Sibylle TI Equilibria in topology control games for ad hoc networks SO MOBILE NETWORKS & APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Joint Workshop on Foundations of Mobile Computing CY 2003 CL San Diego, CA DE ad hoc networks; wireline networks; directional antenna networks; game theory; Nash equilibrium; topology control AB We study topology control problems in ad hoc networks where network nodes get to choose their power levels in order to ensure desired connectivity properties. Unlike most other work on this topic, we assume that the network nodes are owned by different entities, whose only goal is to maximize their own utility that they get out of the network without considering the overall performance of the network. Game theory is the appropriate tool to study such selfish nodes: we define several topology control games in which the nodes need to choose power levels in order to connect to other nodes in the network to reach their communication partners while at the same time minimizing their costs. We study Nash equilibria and show that-among the games we define-these can only be guaranteed to exist if each network node is required to be connected to all other nodes (we call this the STRONG CONNECTIVITY GAME). For a variation called CONNECTIVITY GAME, where each node is only required to be connected (possibly via intermediate nodes) to a given set of nodes, we show that Nash equilibria do not necessarily exist. We further study how to find Nash equilibria with incentive-compatible algorithms and compare the cost of Nash equilibria to the cost of a social optimum, which is a radius assignment that minimizes the total cost in a network where nodes cooperate. We also study variations of the games; one where nodes not only have to be connected, but k-connected, and one that we call the REACHABILITY GAME, where nodes have to reach as many other nodes as possible, while keeping costs low. We extend our study of the STRONG CONNECTIVITY GAME and the CONNECTIVITY GAME to wireless networks with directional antennas and wireline networks, where nodes need to choose neighbors to which they will pay a link. Our work is a first step towards game-theoretic analyses of topology control in wireless and wireline networks. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. Virginia Tech, Virginia Bioinformat Inst, Blacksburg, VA USA. Virginia Tech, Dept Comp Sci, Blacksburg, VA USA. RP Eidenbenz, S (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS M997,POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. EM eidenben@lanl.gov; akumar@vbi.vt.edu; zust@lanl.gov OI Eidenbenz, Stephan/0000-0002-2628-1854 NR 20 TC 35 Z9 38 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1383-469X EI 1572-8153 J9 MOBILE NETW APPL JI Mobile Netw. Appl. PD APR PY 2006 VL 11 IS 2 BP 143 EP 159 DI 10.1007/s11036-005-4468-y PG 17 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Information Systems; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Telecommunications GA 046UA UT WOS:000237835400004 ER PT J AU Bouville, M Hu, SY Chen, LQ Chi, DZ Srolovitz, DJ AF Bouville, Mathieu Hu, Shenyang Chen, Long-Qing Chi, Dongzhi Srolovitz, David J. TI Phase-field model for grain boundary grooving in multi-component thin films SO MODELLING AND SIMULATION IN MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID SPINODAL DECOMPOSITION; AGGLOMERATION; STABILITY; EVOLUTION; KINETICS; SI(001); ALLOY; NISI AB Polycrystalline thin films can be unstable with respect to island formation ( agglomeration) through grooving where grain boundaries intersect the free surface and/or thin film - substrate interface. We develop a phase-field model to study the evolution of the phases, composition, microstructure and morphology of such thin films. The phase-field model is quite general, describing compounds and solid solution alloys with sufficient freedom to choose solubilities, grain boundary and interface energies and heats of segregation to all interfaces. We present analytical results which describe the interface profiles, with and without segregation, and confirm them using in numerical simulations. We demonstrate that the present model accurately reproduces theoretical grain boundary groove angles both at and far from equilibrium. As an example, we apply the phase-field model to the special case of a Ni(Pt)Si (nickel/platinum silicide) thin film on an initially flat silicon substrate. C1 Inst Mat Res & Engn, Singapore 117602, Singapore. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Inst High Performance Comp, Singapore 117528, Singapore. Princeton Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RP Bouville, M (reprint author), Inst Mat Res & Engn, Singapore 117602, Singapore. EM m-bouville@imre.a-star.edu.sg RI Bouville, Mathieu/A-4196-2008; Chen, LongQing/I-7536-2012; OI Chen, LongQing/0000-0003-3359-3781; HU, Shenyang/0000-0002-7187-3082 NR 26 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 13 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0965-0393 EI 1361-651X J9 MODEL SIMUL MATER SC JI Model. Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng. PD APR PY 2006 VL 14 IS 3 BP 433 EP 443 DI 10.1088/0965-0393/14/3/007 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 046LM UT WOS:000237813100007 ER PT J AU Gomez, M Wu, J Schreiber, V Dunlap, J Dantzer, F Wang, YS Liu, Y AF Gomez, M Wu, J Schreiber, V Dunlap, J Dantzer, F Wang, YS Liu, Y TI PARP1 is a TRF2-associated poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase and protects eroded telomere SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Article ID CRITICALLY SHORT TELOMERES; DNA-DAMAGE; FUNCTIONAL INTERACTION; POLYMERASE-2 PARP-2; IN-VIVO; CELLS; REPAIR; LENGTH; MOUSE; TRF2 AB Poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase 1 (PARP1) is well characterized for its role in base excision repair (BER), where it is activated by and binds to DNA breaks and catalyzes the poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of several substrates involved in DNA damage repair. Here we demonstrate that PARP1 associates with telomere repeat binding factor 2 (TRF2) and is capable of poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of TRF2, which affects binding of TRF2 to telomeric DNA. Immunostaining of interphase cells or metaphase spreads shows that PARP1 is detected sporadically at normal telomeres, but it appears preferentially at eroded telomeres caused by telomerase deficiency or damaged telomeres induced by DNA-damaging reagents. Although PARP1 is dispensable in the capping of normal telomeres, Parp1 deficiency leads to an increase in chromosome end-to-end fusions or chromosome ends without detectable telomeric DNA in primary murine cells after induction of DNA damage. Our results suggest that upon DNA damage, PARP1 is recruited to damaged telomeres, where it can help protect telomeres against chromosome end-to-end fusions and genomic instability. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Strasbourg 1, Dept Integrite Genome, UMR7175,LC1, Ecole Super Biotechnol Strasbourg, F-67412 Illkirch Graffenstaden, France. Univ Tennessee, Div Biol, Microscopy Facil, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Biochem & Cellular & Mol Biol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Wang, YS (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM ywa@ornl.gov; liuy3@ornl.gov RI Dantzer, Francoise/O-2126-2016; Schreiber, Valerie/M-5007-2016 OI Schreiber, Valerie/0000-0003-0507-639X NR 44 TC 60 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PD APR PY 2006 VL 17 IS 4 BP 1686 EP 1696 DI 10.1091/mbc.E05-07-0672 PG 11 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 030TP UT WOS:000236657900018 PM 16436506 ER PT J AU Fang, RH Elias, DA Monroe, ME Shen, YF Mcintosh, M Wang, P Goddard, CD Callister, SJ Moore, RJ Gorby, YA Adkins, JN Fredrickson, JK Lipton, MS Smith, RD AF Fang, RH Elias, DA Monroe, ME Shen, YF Mcintosh, M Wang, P Goddard, CD Callister, SJ Moore, RJ Gorby, YA Adkins, JN Fredrickson, JK Lipton, MS Smith, RD TI Differential label-free quantitative proteomic analysis of Shewanella oneidensis cultured under aerobic and suboxic conditions by accurate mass and time tag approach SO MOLECULAR & CELLULAR PROTEOMICS LA English DT Article ID PROTEIN IDENTIFICATION TECHNOLOGY; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; PUTREFACIENS MR-1; OUTER-MEMBRANE; SPECTROMETRY; MIXTURES; REDUCTION; ABUNDANCE; YEAST AB We describe the application of LC-MS without the use of stable isotope labeling for differential quantitative proteomic analysis of whole cell lysates of Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 cultured under aerobic and suboxic conditions. LC-MS/MS was used to initially identify peptide sequences, and LC-FTICR was used to confirm these identifications as well as measure relative peptide abundances. 2343 peptides covering 668 proteins were identified with high confidence and quantified. Among these proteins, a subset of 56 changed significantly using statistical approaches such as statistical analysis of microarrays, whereas another subset of 56 that were annotated as performing housekeeping functions remained essentially unchanged in relative abundance. Numerous proteins involved in anaerobic energy metabolism exhibited up to a 10-fold increase in relative abundance when S. oneidensis was transitioned from aerobic to suboxic conditions. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Computat Proteom Lab, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. RP Smith, RD (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, POB 999,MSIN K8-98, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI Elias, Dwayne/B-5190-2011; Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012; Adkins, Joshua/B-9881-2013 OI Elias, Dwayne/0000-0002-4469-6391; Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349; Adkins, Joshua/0000-0003-0399-0700 NR 32 TC 77 Z9 83 U1 3 U2 7 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 1535-9476 J9 MOL CELL PROTEOMICS JI Mol. Cell. Proteomics PD APR PY 2006 VL 5 IS 4 BP 714 EP 725 DI 10.1074/mcp.M500301-MCP200 PG 12 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 030QE UT WOS:000236648600010 PM 16401633 ER PT J AU McAliley, LR Willis, RE Ray, DA White, PS Brochu, CA Densmore, LD AF McAliley, LR Willis, RE Ray, DA White, PS Brochu, CA Densmore, LD TI Are crocodiles really monophyletic? Evidence for subdivisions from sequence and morphological data SO MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Crocodylus; Crocodylus cataphractus; c-mos; ODC; mitochondrial ND6; mitochondrial control region; systematics; Mecistops ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; CONTROL REGION; MOLECULAR SYSTEMATICS; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCES; NORTH-AMERICA; C-MOS; DNA; DIVERGENCE; CROCODYLUS AB Recently, the phylogenetic placement of the African slender snouted crocodile, Crocodylus cataphractus, has come under scrutiny and herein we address this issue using molecular and morphological techniques. Although it is often recognized as being a "basal" form, morphological studies have traditionally placed C cataphractus within the genus Crocodylus, while molecular studies have suggested that C. cataphractus is very distinct from other Crocodylus. To address the relationship of this species to its congeners we have sequenced portions of two nuclear genes (C-mos 302 bp and ODC 294 bp), and two mitochondrial genes (ND6-tRNA(glu)-cytB 347 bp and control region 457 bp). Analyses of these molecular datasets, both as individual gene sequences and as concatenated sequences, support the hypothesis that C cataphractus is not a member of Crocodylus or Osteolaemus. Examination of 165 morphological characters supports and strengthens our resurrection of an historic genus, Mecistops (Gray 1844) for cataphractus. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Texas Tech Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Genet Variat Initiat, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Iowa, Dept Geosci, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. RP McAliley, LR (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Dept Biol Sci, POB 43131, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. EM rexmcaliley@excite.com NR 70 TC 42 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 13 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1055-7903 J9 MOL PHYLOGENET EVOL JI Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. PD APR PY 2006 VL 39 IS 1 BP 16 EP 32 DI 10.1016/j.ympev.2006.01.012 PG 17 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 029AU UT WOS:000236531000002 PM 16495085 ER PT J AU Trepalin, SV Yarkov, AV Pletnev, IV Gakh, AA AF Trepalin, Sergei V. Yarkov, Alexander V. Pletnev, Igor V. Gakh, Andrei A. TI A Java chemical structure editor supporting the modular chemical descriptor language (MCDL) SO MOLECULES LA English DT Article DE MCDL format; Java; open source; structure editor; structure diagram generation ID DATABASE; CONNECTIVITY; GENERATION; MOLECULES; LIBRARIES; NOTATION; INTERNET; VALENCE; DESIGN; SMILES AB A compact Modular Chemical Descriptor Language (MCDL) chemical structure editor (Java applet) is described. The small size (approximately 200 K-B) of the applet allows its use to display and edit chemical structures in various Internet applications. The editor supports the MCDL format, in which structures are presented in compact canonical form and is capable of restoring bond orders as well as of managing atom and bond drawing overlap. A small database of cage and large cyclic fragment is used for optimal representation of difficult-to-draw molecules. The improved algorithm of the structure diagram generation can be used for other chemical notations that lack atomic coordinates (SMILES, InChl). C1 RAS, Inst Physiol Act Cpds, Chernogolovka, Moscow Region, Russia. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Dept Chem, Moscow 117234, Russia. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Trepalin, SV (reprint author), RAS, Inst Physiol Act Cpds, Chernogolovka, Moscow Region, Russia. EM trep@chemical-block.com; gakhaa@ornl.gov NR 27 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 2 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1420-3049 J9 MOLECULES JI Molecules PD APR PY 2006 VL 11 IS 4 BP 219 EP 231 DI 10.3390/11040219 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 062JJ UT WOS:000238940100002 PM 17962754 ER PT J AU Gilbert, B Huang, F Lin, Z Goodell, C Zhang, HZ Banfield, JF AF Gilbert, B Huang, F Lin, Z Goodell, C Zhang, HZ Banfield, JF TI Surface chemistry controls crystallinity of ZnS nanoparticles SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM DOTS; NANOCRYSTALLINE TITANIA; SEMICONDUCTOR CLUSTERS; CDSE NANOCRYSTALS; WATER; TEMPERATURE; TRANSFORMATION; SCATTERING; STABILITY; ACCURACY AB Combined small-angle and high energy wide-angle X-ray scattering measurements of nanoparticle size and structure permit interior strain and disorder to be observed directly in the real-space pair distribution function (PDF). PDF analysis showed that samples of ZnS nanoparticles with similar mean diameters (3.2-3.6 nm) but synthesized and treated with different low-temperature procedures possess a dramatic range of interior disorder. We used Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to detect the surface species and the nature of surface chemical interactions. Our results suggest that there is a direct correlation between the strength of surface-ligand interactions and interior crystallinity. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Chinese Acad Sci, Fujian Inst Res Struct Matter, Fujian 350002, Peoples R China. RP Gilbert, B (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM bgilbert@lbl.gov RI Gilbert, Benjamin/E-3182-2010 NR 46 TC 56 Z9 57 U1 2 U2 41 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD APR PY 2006 VL 6 IS 4 BP 605 EP 610 DI 10.1021/nl052201c PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 034GE UT WOS:000236916200005 PM 16608252 ER PT J AU Wiley, BJ Xiong, YJ Li, ZY Yin, YD Xia, YN AF Wiley, BJ Xiong, YJ Li, ZY Yin, YD Xia, YN TI Right bipyramids of silver: A new shape derived from single twinned seeds SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SURFACE-PLASMON RESONANCE; POLYOL SYNTHESIS; NANOPARTICLES; NANOSTRUCTURES; GOLD; NANOCUBES; SPECTROSCOPY; MORPHOLOGY; PARTICLES; CRYSTAL AB Silver nanoparticles with a single (1111) twin were selectively nucleated and grown for the first time to produce right bipyramids 75-150 nm in edge length. Key to the production of single twinned seeds was the addition of NaBr to a polyol synthesis in which AgNO(3) is reduced by ethylene glycol in the presence of poly(vinyl pyrrolidone). Examination of nanoparticles; at different stages of the reaction with electron microscopy revealed that the spherical, single twinned seeds grew to become right bipyramids through enlargement of their (100) facets. The UV-vis-NIR spectrum exhibited by right bipyramids is distinct from that of any other silver nanostructure, and their sharp corners make these new nanoparticles especially promising for enhancement of Raman scattering. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Chem Engn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Chem, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Beijing 100080, Peoples R China. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Xia, YN (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Chem Engn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM xia@chem.washington.edu RI Wiley, Benjamin/A-7003-2008; Yin, Yadong/D-5987-2011; Xiong, Yujie/G-3203-2010; Xia, Younan/E-8499-2011 OI Yin, Yadong/0000-0003-0218-3042; NR 32 TC 245 Z9 255 U1 17 U2 130 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD APR PY 2006 VL 6 IS 4 BP 765 EP 768 DI 10.1021/nl060069q PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 034GE UT WOS:000236916200033 PM 16608280 ER PT J AU Zhang, TT Stilwell, JL Gerion, D Ding, LH Elboudwarej, O Cooke, PA Gray, JW Alivisatos, AP Chen, FF AF Zhang, TT Stilwell, JL Gerion, D Ding, LH Elboudwarej, O Cooke, PA Gray, JW Alivisatos, AP Chen, FF TI Cellular effect of high doses of silica-coated quantum dot profiled with high throughput gene expression analysis and high content cellomics measurements SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PROTEIN-KINASE; SPINDLE CHECKPOINT; TACC1 PROTEIN; LONG-TERM; IN-VIVO; CELLS; CYTOTOXICITY; ACTIVATION; BUB1; STRA13 AB Quantum dots (Qdots) are now used extensively for labeling in biomedical research, and this use is predicted to grow because of their many advantages over alternative labeling methods. Uncoated Qdots made of core/shell CdSe/ZnS are toxic to cells because of the release of Cd2+ ions into the cellular environment. This problem has been partially overcome by coating Qdots with polymers, poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), or other inert molecules. The most promising coating to date, for reducing toxicity, appears to be PEG. When PEG-coated silanized Qdots (PEG-silane-Qdots) are used to treat cells, toxicity is not observed, even at dosages above 10-20 nM, a concentration inducing death when cells are treated with polymer or mercaptoacid coated Qdots. Because of the importance of Qdots in current and future biomedical and clinical applications, we believe it is essential to more completely understand and verify this negative global response from cells treated with PEG-silane-Qdots. Consequently, we examined the molecular and cellular response of cells treated with two different dosages of PEG-silane-Qdots. Human fibroblasts were exposed to 8 and 80 nM of these Qdots, and both phenotypic as well as whole genome expression measurements were made. PEG-silane-Qdots did not induce any statistically significant cell cycle changes and minimal apoptosis/necrosis in lung fibroblasts (IMR-90) as measured by high content image analysis, regardless of the treatment dosage. A slight increase in apoptosis/necrosis was observed in treated human skin fibroblasts (HSF-42) at both the low and the high dosages. We performed genome-wide expression array analysis of HSF-42 exposed to doses 8 and 80 nM to link the global cell response to a molecular and genetic phenotype. We used a gene array containing similar to 22,000 total probe sets, containing 18,400 probe sets from known genes. Only similar to 50 genes (similar to 0.2% of all the genes tested) exhibited a statistically significant change in expression level of greater than 2-fold. Genes activated in treated cells included those involved in carbohydrate binding, intracellular vesicle formation, and cellular response to stress. Conversely, PEG-silane-Qdots induce a down-regulation of genes involved in controlling the M-phase progression of mitosis, spindle formation, and cytokinesis. Promoter analysis of these results reveals that expression changes may be attributed to the down-regulation of FOXM and BHLB2 transcription factors. Remarkably, PEG-silane-Qdots, unlike carbon nanotubes, do not activate genes indicative of a strong immune and inflammatory response or heavy-metal-related toxicity. The experimental evidence shows that CdSe/ZnS Qdots, if appropriately protected, induce negligible toxicity to the model cell system studied here, even when exposed to high dosages. This study indicates that PEG-coated silanized Qdots pose minimal impact to cells and are a very promising alternative to uncoated Qdots. C1 Berkley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Affymetrix Inc, Santa Clara, CA 95051 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Lab Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Comprehens Canc Ctr, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Chen, FF (reprint author), Berkley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, MS 977Ro225A,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM f_chen@lbl.gov RI Alivisatos , Paul /N-8863-2015 OI Alivisatos , Paul /0000-0001-6895-9048 FU NCI NIH HHS [U54 CA112970-05, P50 CA089520, P50 CA112970, P50 CA89520, R21 CA095393, U54 CA112970] NR 58 TC 235 Z9 246 U1 11 U2 67 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD APR PY 2006 VL 6 IS 4 BP 800 EP 808 DI 10.1021/nl0603350 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 034GE UT WOS:000236916200040 PM 16608287 ER PT J AU Zhang, K Chang, HY Fu, AH Alivisatos, AP Yang, H AF Zhang, K Chang, HY Fu, AH Alivisatos, AP Yang, H TI Continuous distribution of emission states from single CdSe/ZnS quantum dots SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FLUORESCENCE INTERMITTENCY; SEMICONDUCTOR NANOCRYSTALS; INTENSITY; PHOTOIONIZATION; CHARGE AB The photoluminescence dynamics of colloidal CdSe/ZnS/streptavidin quantum dots were studied using time-resolved single-molecule spectroscopy. Statistical tests of the photon-counting data suggested that the simple "on/off" discrete state model is inconsistent with experimental results. Instead, a continuous emission state distribution model was found to be more appropriate. Autocorrelation analysis of lifetime and intensity fluctuations showed a nonlinear correlation between them. These results were consistent with the model that charged quantum dots were also emissive, and that time-dependent charge migration gave rise to the observed photoluminescence dynamics. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Zhang, Kai/G-6437-2010; Alivisatos , Paul /N-8863-2015 OI Zhang, Kai/0000-0002-6687-4558; Alivisatos , Paul /0000-0001-6895-9048 NR 23 TC 172 Z9 172 U1 1 U2 50 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 EI 1530-6992 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD APR PY 2006 VL 6 IS 4 BP 843 EP 847 DI 10.1021/nl060483q PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 034GE UT WOS:000236916200048 PM 16608295 ER PT J AU McCarty, KF AF McCarty, KF TI Deterministic positioning of three-dimensional structures on a substrate by film growth SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SELF-ORGANIZATION; CRYSTAL-SURFACES; THIN-FILMS; NUCLEATION; NANOSTRUCTURES; ARRAYS; AG; MICROSCOPY; INTERFACE; NANODOTS AB A process to fabricate three-dimensional crystalline structures at controlled locations on a substrate during film growth and annealing is demonstrated. Low-energy electron microscopy reveals that silver is transported to regions on a tungsten surface with closely spaced atomic steps. By controlling the substrate topography using a focused ion beam to machine small holes, this general mechanism produces an array of cylinders as a silver film dewets the substrate. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP McCarty, KF (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM mccarty@sandia.gov RI McCarty, Kevin/F-9368-2012 OI McCarty, Kevin/0000-0002-8601-079X NR 32 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD APR PY 2006 VL 6 IS 4 BP 858 EP 861 DI 10.1021/nl060030l PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 034GE UT WOS:000236916200051 PM 16608298 ER PT J AU D'haeseleer, P AF D'haeseleer, P TI What are DNA sequence motifs? SO NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DISCOVERY; DATABASE; LOGOS AB Sequence motifs are becoming increasingly important in the analysis of gene regulation. How do we define sequence motifs, and why should we use sequence logos instead of consensus sequences to represent them? Do they have any relation with binding affinity? How do we search for new instances of a motif in this sea of DNA? C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Microbial Syst Div, Biosci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP D'haeseleer, P (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Microbial Syst Div, Biosci Directorate, POB 808,L-448, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM patrikd@llnl.gov OI D'haeseleer, Patrik/0000-0003-0007-8150 NR 10 TC 98 Z9 100 U1 1 U2 2 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK STREET, 9TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1087-0156 J9 NAT BIOTECHNOL JI Nat. Biotechnol. PD APR PY 2006 VL 24 IS 4 BP 423 EP 425 DI 10.1038/nbt0406-423 PG 3 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 032HU UT WOS:000236766300024 PM 16601727 ER PT J AU Bigioni, TP Lin, XM Nguyen, TT Corwin, EI Witten, TA Jaeger, HM AF Bigioni, TP Lin, XM Nguyen, TT Corwin, EI Witten, TA Jaeger, HM TI Kinetically driven self assembly of highly ordered nanoparticle monolayers SO NATURE MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID NANOCRYSTAL SUPERLATTICES; NUCLEATION; CRYSTALS; DEPOSITS; GROWTH AB When a drop of a colloidal solution of nanoparticles dries on a surface, it leaves behind coffee-stain-like rings of material with lace-like patterns or clumps of particles in the interior(1-6). These non-uniform mass distributions are manifestations of far-from-equilibrium effects, such as fluid flows(1) and solvent fluctuations during late-stage drying(2). However, recently a strikingly different drying regime promising highly uniform, long-range-ordered nanocrystal monolayers has been found(7,8). Here we make direct, real-time and real-space observations of nanocrystal self-assembly to reveal the mechanism. We show how the morphology of drop-deposited nanoparticle films is controlled by evaporation kinetics and particle interactions with the liquid - air interface. In the presence of an attractive particle - interface interaction, rapid early-stage evaporation dynamically produces a two-dimensional solution of nanoparticles at the liquid - air interface, from which nanoparticle islands nucleate and grow. This self-assembly mechanism produces monolayers with exceptional long-range ordering that are compact over macroscopic areas, despite the far-from-equilibrium evaporation process. This new drop-drying regime is simple, robust and scalable, is insensitive to the substrate material and topography, and has a strong preference for forming monolayer films. As such, it stands out as an excellent candidate for the fabrication of technologically important ultra thin film materials for sensors, optical devices and magnetic storage media. C1 Univ Chicago, James Franck Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscle Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Jaeger, HM (reprint author), Univ Chicago, James Franck Inst, 5640 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. EM h-jaeger@uchicago.edu RI Nguyen, Toan/B-1956-2009 OI Nguyen, Toan/0000-0002-6331-2453 NR 20 TC 570 Z9 570 U1 65 U2 561 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1476-1122 J9 NAT MATER JI Nat. Mater. PD APR PY 2006 VL 5 IS 4 BP 265 EP 270 DI 10.1038/nmat1611 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 029AO UT WOS:000236530400015 PM 16547519 ER PT J AU Cui, J Chu, YS Famodu, OO Furuya, Y Hattrick-Simpers, J James, RD Ludwig, A Thienhaus, S Wuttig, M Zhang, ZY Takeuchi, I AF Cui, J Chu, YS Famodu, OO Furuya, Y Hattrick-Simpers, J James, RD Ludwig, A Thienhaus, S Wuttig, M Zhang, ZY Takeuchi, I TI Combinatorial search of thermoelastic shape-memory alloys with extremely small hysteresis width SO NATURE MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID NI-CU ALLOYS; THIN-FILMS; TRANSFORMATION; BEHAVIOR AB Reversibility of structural phase transformations has profound technological implications in a wide range of applications from fatigue life in shape-memory alloys (SMAs) to magnetism in multiferroic oxides. The geometric nonlinear theory of martensite universally applicable to all structural transitions has been developed. It predicts the reversibility of the transitions as manifested in the hysteresis behaviour based solely on crystal symmetry and geometric compatibilities between phases. In this article, we report on the veri. cation of the theory using the high-throughput approach. The thin-film composition-spread technique was devised to rapidly map the lattice parameters and the thermal hysteresis of ternary alloy systems. A clear relationship between the hysteresis and the middle eigenvalue of the transformation stretch tensor as predicted by the theory was observed for the first time. We have also identified a new composition region of titanium-rich SMAs with potential for improved control of SMA properties. C1 GE Gloabl Res Ctr, Mat Anal & Chem Sci, Niskayuna, NY 12309 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Hirosaki Univ, Dept Intelligent Machines & Syst Engn, Hirosaki, Aomori 0368561, Japan. Univ Minnesota, Dept Aerosp Engn & Mech, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Caeser Res Ctr, D-53175 Bonn, Germany. Ruhr Univ Bochum, Inst Werkstoffe, D-44780 Bonn, Germany. Univ Maryland, Ctr Supercond Res, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Cui, J (reprint author), GE Gloabl Res Ctr, Mat Anal & Chem Sci, Niskayuna, NY 12309 USA. EM cui@crd.ge.com RI Ludwig, Alfred/G-1111-2011; Panithipongwut, Chatr/A-1648-2013 OI Ludwig, Alfred/0000-0003-2802-6774; NR 15 TC 219 Z9 222 U1 18 U2 167 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1476-1122 J9 NAT MATER JI Nat. Mater. PD APR PY 2006 VL 5 IS 4 BP 286 EP 290 DI 10.1038/nmat1593 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 029AO UT WOS:000236530400019 PM 16518396 ER PT J AU Harel, E Granwehr, J Seeley, JA Pines, A AF Harel, E Granwehr, J Seeley, JA Pines, A TI Multiphase imaging of gas flow in a nanoporous material using remote-detection NMR SO NATURE MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; LASER-POLARIZED XENON; SILICA AEROGELS; XE-129 NMR; CARBON AEROGELS; CHEMICAL-SHIFT; POROUS-MEDIA; DIFFUSION; MRI; VISUALIZATION AB Pore structure and connectivity determine how microstructured materials perform in applications such as catalysis, fluid storage and transport, filtering or as reactors. We report a model study on silica aerogel using a time-of-flight magnetic resonance imaging technique to characterize the flow field and explain the effects of heterogeneities in the pore structure on gas flow and dispersion with Xe-129 as the gas-phase sensor. The observed chemical shift allows the separate visualization of unrestricted xenon and xenon confined in the pores of the aerogel. The asymmetrical nature of the dispersion pattern alludes to the existence of a stationary and a flow regime in the aerogel. An exchange time constant is determined to characterize the gas transfer between them. As a general methodology, this technique provides insights into the dynamics of flow in porous media where several phases or chemical species may be present. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Pines, A (reprint author), MIT, Lincoln Lab, 244 Wood St, Lexington, MA 02420 USA. EM pines@cchem.berkeley.edu NR 40 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 2 U2 43 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1476-1122 J9 NAT MATER JI Nat. Mater. PD APR PY 2006 VL 5 IS 4 BP 321 EP 327 DI 10.1038/nmat1598 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 029AO UT WOS:000236530400024 PM 16518395 ER PT J AU Mcculloch I Heeney, M Bailey, C Genevicius, K Macdonald I Shkunov, M Sparrowe, D Tierney, S Wagner, R Zhang, WM Chabinyc, ML Kline, RJ Mcgehee, MD Toney, MF AF Mcculloch, I Heeney, M Bailey, C Genevicius, K Macdonald, I Shkunov, M Sparrowe, D Tierney, S Wagner, R Zhang, WM Chabinyc, ML Kline, RJ Mcgehee, MD Toney, MF TI Liquid-crystalline semiconducting polymers with high charge-carrier mobility SO NATURE MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID FIELD-EFFECT MOBILITY; THIN-FILM TRANSISTORS; REGIOREGULAR POLY(3-HEXYLTHIOPHENE); CONJUGATED POLYMERS; MOLECULAR-WEIGHT; POLYTHIOPHENES; DEVICES; PERFORMANCE; RESOLUTION; PENTACENE AB Organic semiconductors that can be fabricated by simple processing techniques and possess excellent electrical performance, are key requirements in the progress of organic electronics. Both high semiconductor charge-carrier mobility, optimized through understanding and control of the semiconductor microstructure, and stability of the semiconductor to ambient electrochemical oxidative processes are required. We report on new semiconducting liquid-crystalline thieno[3,2-b] thiophene polymers, the enhancement in charge-carrier mobility achieved through highly organized morphology from processing in the mesophase, and the effects of exposure to both ambient and low-humidity air on the performance of transistor devices. Relatively large crystalline domain sizes on the length scale of lithographically accessible channel lengths (similar to 200 nm) were exhibited in thin films, thus offering the potential for fabrication of single-crystal polymer transistors. Good transistor stability under static storage and operation in a low-humidity air environment was demonstrated, with charge-carrier field-effect mobilities of 0.2-0.6 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1) achieved under nitrogen. C1 Merck Chem, Southampton SO16 7QD, Hants, England. Palo Alto Res Ctr, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Mcculloch I (reprint author), Merck Chem, Chilworth Sci Pk, Southampton SO16 7QD, Hants, England. EM iain.mcculloch@merckchem.co.uk RI Kline, Regis/B-8557-2008; MacDonald, Iain/B-5023-2009; Chabinyc, Michael/E-2387-2011; Heeney, Martin/O-1916-2013; MacDonald, Iain/K-1686-2015 OI Heeney, Martin/0000-0001-6879-5020; MacDonald, Iain/0000-0001-5937-9973 NR 30 TC 1361 Z9 1367 U1 50 U2 502 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1476-1122 J9 NAT MATER JI Nat. Mater. PD APR PY 2006 VL 5 IS 4 BP 328 EP 333 DI 10.1038/nmat1612 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 029AO UT WOS:000236530400025 PM 16547518 ER PT J AU Chakhalian, J Freeland, JW Srajer, G Strempfer, J Khaliullin, G Cezar, JC Charlton, T Dalgliesh, R Bernhard, C Cristiani, G Habermeier, HU Keimer, B AF Chakhalian, J Freeland, JW Srajer, G Strempfer, J Khaliullin, G Cezar, JC Charlton, T Dalgliesh, R Bernhard, C Cristiani, G Habermeier, HU Keimer, B TI Magnetism at the interface between ferromagnetic and superconducting oxides SO NATURE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID THIN-FILMS; CIRCULAR-DICHROISM; TRANSITION; STRAIN; MANGANITES C1 Max Planck Inst Solid State Res, D-70561 Stuttgart, Germany. Univ Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, F-38043 Grenoble 9, France. Rutherford Appleton Lab, ISIS Facil, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. RP Chakhalian, J (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Solid State Res, D-70561 Stuttgart, Germany. EM j.chakhalian@fkf.mpg.de RI Criginski Cezar, Julio/B-2731-2008; Criginski Cezar, Julio/D-5039-2012; Chakhalian, Jak/F-2274-2015 OI Criginski Cezar, Julio/0000-0002-7904-6874; NR 25 TC 256 Z9 257 U1 6 U2 108 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1745-2473 J9 NAT PHYS JI Nat. Phys. PD APR PY 2006 VL 2 IS 4 BP 244 EP 248 DI 10.1038/nphys272 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 035DE UT WOS:000236979500013 ER PT J AU Stevenson, JD Schmalian, J Wolynes, PG AF Stevenson, JD Schmalian, J Wolynes, PG TI The shapes of cooperatively rearranging regions in glass-forming liquids SO NATURE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID 1ST-ORDER TRANSITION THEORY; DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; LENNARD-JONES LIQUID; MODE-COUPLING THEORY; HARD-SPHERE GLASS; SUPERCOOLED LIQUIDS; LENGTH SCALE; HETEROGENEOUS DYNAMICS; STRUCTURAL RELAXATION; PERCOLATION CLUSTERS AB The cooperative rearrangement of groups of many molecules has long been thought to underlie the dramatic slowing of liquid dynamics on cooling towards the glassy state. For instance, there exists experimental evidence for cooperatively rearranging regions (CRRs) on the nanometre length scale near the glass transition. The random first-order transition (RFOT) theory of glasses predicts that, near the glass-transition temperature, these regions are compact, but computer simulations and experiments on colloids suggest CRRs are string-like. Here, we present a microscopic theory within the framework of RFOT, which unites the two situations. We show that the shapes of CRRs in glassy liquids should change from being compact at low temperatures to fractal or 'stringy' as the dynamical crossover temperature from activated to collisional transport is approached from below. This theory predicts a correlation of the ratio of the dynamical crossover temperature to the laboratory glass-transition temperature, and the heat-capacity discontinuity at the glass transition. The predicted correlation quantitatively agrees with experimental results for 21 materials. C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Chem & Biochem, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Stevenson, JD (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM jstevens@physics.ucsd.edu; pwolynes@ucsd.edu RI Stevenson, Jacob/F-8776-2010; Schmalian, Joerg/H-2313-2011 NR 50 TC 134 Z9 136 U1 6 U2 57 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1745-2473 J9 NAT PHYS JI Nat. Phys. PD APR PY 2006 VL 2 IS 4 BP 268 EP 274 DI 10.1038/nphys261 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 035DE UT WOS:000236979500018 ER PT J AU Tuli, JK AF Tuli, JK TI Nuclear data sheets SO NUCLEAR DATA SHEETS LA English DT Editorial Material ID ODD-A NUCLEI; FLUORESCENCE YIELDS; STATES; TRANSITIONS C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0090-3752 EI 1095-9904 J9 NUCL DATA SHEETS JI Nucl. Data Sheets PD APR PY 2006 VL 107 IS 4 BP I EP XI PG 11 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 027VO UT WOS:000236444100001 ER PT J AU Basunia, MS AF Basunia, MS TI Nuclear data sheets for A=176 SO NUCLEAR DATA SHEETS LA English DT Review ID HIGH-SPIN STATES; RARE-EARTH NUCLEI; PROTON INELASTIC-SCATTERING; EVEN-EVEN NUCLEI; DEFICIENT PLATINUM ISOTOPES; DOUBLY DECOUPLED STRUCTURES; LIGHT TUNGSTEN ISOTOPES; GAMMA-RAY SPECTROSCOPY; CAPTURE CROSS-SECTIONS; HIGH-K ISOMERS AB Evaluated spectroscopic data and level schemes from radioactive decay and nuclear reaction studies are presented for all nuclei with mass number A=176. This evaluation for A=176 supersedes the earlier one by E. Browne and Hue Junde (1998Br13), published in Nuclear Data Sheets 84, 337 (1998). C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Basunia, MS (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 320 TC 50 Z9 52 U1 1 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0090-3752 J9 NUCL DATA SHEETS JI Nucl. Data Sheets PD APR PY 2006 VL 107 IS 4 BP 791 EP + DI 10.1016/j.nds.2006.03.001 PG 235 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 027VO UT WOS:000236444100002 ER PT J AU Salnikov, A AF Salnikov, A TI Evolution of the configuration database design SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Workshop on Advanced Computing and Analysis Techniques in Physics Research CY MAY 22-27, 2005 CL Zeuthen, GERMANY SP DESY DE database; online; configuration AB The BABAR experiment at SLAC successfully collects physics data since 1999. One of the major parts of its on-line system is the configuration database which provides other parts of the system with the configuration data necessary for data taking. Originally the configuration database was implemented in the Objectivity/DB ODBMS. Recently BABAR performed a successful migration of its event store from Objectivity/DB to ROOT and this prompted a complete phase-out of the Objectivity/DB in all other BABAR, databases. It required the complete redesign of the configuration database to hide any implementation details and to support multiple storage technologies. In this paper we describe the process of the migration of the configuration database, its new design, implementation strategy and details. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Salnikov, A (reprint author), Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM salnikov@slac.stanford.edu NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD APR 1 PY 2006 VL 559 IS 1 BP 22 EP 25 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2005.11.156 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 029LR UT WOS:000236564600006 ER PT J AU Fine, V Malitsky, N Talman, R AF Fine, V Malitsky, N Talman, R TI Interactive analysis environment of unified accelerator libraries SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Workshop on Advanced Computing and Analysis Techniques in Physics Research CY MAY 22-27, 2005 CL Zeuthen, GERMANY SP DESY DE framework; modeling; analysis; visualization; GUI AB Unified Accelerator Libraries (UAL, http://www.ual.bnl.gov) software is an open accelerator simulation environment addressing a broad spectrum of accelerator tasks ranging from efficient online-oriented modeling to full-scale realistic beam dynamics studies. The paper introduces a new package integrating UAL Simulation algorithms with the QT-based Graphical User Interface and the ROOT data analysis and visualization framework (http://root.cerii.ch). The primary user application is implemented as an interactive and configurable Accelerator Physics Player. Its interface to visualization components is based on the QT layer (http://root.bnl.gov) supported by the STAR experiment. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Fine, V (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, POB 5000, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM fine@bnl.gov NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD APR 1 PY 2006 VL 559 IS 1 BP 67 EP 70 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2005.11.191 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 029LR UT WOS:000236564600016 ER PT J AU Stockinger, K Wu, KS Brun, R Canal, P AF Stockinger, K Wu, KS Brun, R Canal, P TI Bitmap indices for fast end-user physics analysis in ROOT SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Workshop on Advanced Computing and Analysis Techniques in Physics Research CY MAY 22-27, 2005 CL Zeuthen, GERMANY SP DESY DE bitmap index; speed data base access; ROOT; ROOT trees; fast queries; physics analysis AB Most physics analysis jobs involve multiple selection steps on the input data. These selection steps are called cuts or queries. A common strategy to implement these queries is to read all input data from files and then process the queries in memory. In many applications the number of variables used to define these queries is a relative small portion of the overall data set therefore reading all variables into memory takes unnecessarily long time. In this paper we describe an integration effort that can significantly reduce this unnecessary reading by using an efficient compressed bitmap index technology. The primary advantage of this index is that it can process arbitrary combinations of queries very efficiently, while most other indexing technologies suffer from the "curse of dimensionality" as the number of queries increases. By integrating this index technology with the ROOT analysis framework, the end-users can benefit from the added efficiency without having to modify their analysis programs. Our performance results show that for multi-dimensional queries, bitmap indices outperform the traditional analysis method up to a factor of 10. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 European Org Nucl Res, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Brun, R (reprint author), European Org Nucl Res, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. EM rene.brun@cern.ch NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD APR 1 PY 2006 VL 559 IS 1 BP 99 EP 102 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2005.11.127 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 029LR UT WOS:000236564600023 ER PT J AU Fettouhi, A Weick, H Portillo, M Becker, F Boutin, D Geissel, H Knobel, RK Kurcewicz, J Kurcewicz, W Kurpeta, J Litvinov, Y Livesay, RJ Morrissey, DJ Munzenberg, G Nolen, JA Ogawa, H Sakamoto, N Scheidenberger, C Stadlmann, J Winkler, M Yao, N AF Fettouhi, A Weick, H Portillo, M Becker, F Boutin, D Geissel, H Knobel, RK Kurcewicz, J Kurcewicz, W Kurpeta, J Litvinov, Y Livesay, RJ Morrissey, DJ Munzenberg, G Nolen, JA Ogawa, H Sakamoto, N Scheidenberger, C Stadlmann, J Winkler, M Yao, N TI Gas-solid effect in mean charge and slowing down of uranium ions at 60.2 and 200 MeV/u SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Symposium on Swift Heavy Ions in Matter CY MAY 28-31, 2005 CL Aschaffenburg, GERMANY DE stopping power; stopping force; gas-solid; charge states; heavy ions ID CHANGING CROSS-SECTIONS; HEAVY-IONS; STOPPING POWERS; STATES AB Charge-state distributions and energy-loss measurements of uranium ions in gases and solids at incident energies of 60.2 and 200 MeV/u were performed with the magnetic spectrometer FRS at GSI Darmstadt. The charge distribution was investigated in various gases and solids. We observed a gas-solid effect in ionization and mean charge. This effect arises from the shorter collision time in solids comparable with the lifetimes of the excited states of the projectile. Simultaneously, the stopping force was measured for the same targets. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Gesell Schwerionenforsch mbH, Darmstadt, Germany. Univ Giessen, Inst Phys 2, Giessen, Germany. Michigan State Univ, Natl Supercond Cyclotron Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Warsaw Univ, Inst Expt Phys, Warsaw, Poland. Colorado Sch Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Nara Womens Univ, Dept Phys, Nara 630, Japan. RP Fettouhi, A (reprint author), Gesell Schwerionenforsch mbH, Darmstadt, Germany. EM Andre.Fettouhi@exp2.physik.uni-giessen.de OI Fettouhi, Andre/0000-0002-8869-1728 NR 12 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD APR PY 2006 VL 245 IS 1 BP 32 EP 35 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2005.11.060 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 025SZ UT WOS:000236288500007 ER PT J AU Sisterson, JM Chadwick, MB AF Sisterson, JM Chadwick, MB TI Cross section measurements for neutron-induced reactions in Ti, Fe and Ni at several neutron energies ranging from 70.7 to 151.6 MeV SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article DE spallation reactions; quasi-monoenergetic neutron beams; cross section measurements ID COSMOGENIC NUCLIDES; EXCITATION-FUNCTIONS; NOBLE-GASES; RADIONUCLIDES; CHONDRITE; COPPER; MODEL; CO-59; IRON AB Cross sections for neutron-induced reactions producing relatively short-lived radionuclides were measured in natural targets of Ti, Fe and Ni using quasi-monoenergetic neutron beams at several different neutron energies between 70.7 and 151.6 MeV. Comparisons of these new measurements were made with energy integrated cross section measurements and reported data measured at low neutron energies Lis well as with MC-ALICE calculations. These cross section measurements are part of a systematic study to measure relevant cross sections needed to better understand cosmic ray interactions with extraterrestrial materials. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Harvard Univ, Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Sch Med, Francis H Burr Proton Therapy Ctr, Boston, MA 02114 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Adv Simulat & Comp, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Sisterson, JM (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Sch Med, Francis H Burr Proton Therapy Ctr, 30 Fruit St, Boston, MA 02114 USA. EM jsisterson@partners.org NR 36 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD APR PY 2006 VL 245 IS 2 BP 371 EP 378 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2005.12.002 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 028PO UT WOS:000236500500005 ER PT J AU Geer, S AF Geer, S TI Physics at an upgraded Fermilab Proton Driver SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on High Intensity Frontier (HIF 2005) CY MAY 28-JUN 01, 2005 CL La Biodola, ITALY ID NEUTRINO OSCILLATIONS; PARTICLES; DECAY; MODEL AB In 2004 the Fermilab Long Range Planning Committee identified a new high intensity Proton Driver as an attractive option for the future, primarily motivated by the recent exciting developments in neutrino physics. Over the last few months a physics study has developed the physics case for the Fermilab Proton Driver. The potential physics opportunities are discussed. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Geer, S (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 38 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 EI 1873-3832 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD APR PY 2006 VL 154 BP 42 EP 55 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2006.01.063 PG 14 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 025SY UT WOS:000236288400006 ER PT J AU Plum, MA AF Plum, MA CA SNS collaboration TI SNS machine status report SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on High Intensity Frontier (HIF 2005) CY MAY 28-JUN 01, 2005 CL La Biodola, ITALY AB The Spallation Neutron Source is now under construction in Oak Ridge, TN, USA. Commissioning of the accelerator complex began in 2002 and is scheduled to be complete in April 2006. In this paper we will briefly discuss the status of each major accelerator system and give some examples of some recent commissioning results. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Spallat Neutron Source, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Plum, MA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Spallat Neutron Source, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD APR PY 2006 VL 154 BP 105 EP 110 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2006.01.057 PG 6 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 025SY UT WOS:000236288400012 ER PT J AU Ray, R AF Ray, R TI The NO nu A experiment SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on High Intensity Frontier (HIF 2005) CY MAY 28-JUN 01, 2005 CL La Biodola, ITALY C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Ray, R (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM rray@fnal.gov NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD APR PY 2006 VL 154 BP 179 EP 184 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2006.01.049 PG 6 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 025SY UT WOS:000236288400020 ER PT J AU Montgomery, HE AF Montgomery, HE TI Looking to the future: A Fermilab viewpoint SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Editorial Material AB This is a short paper summarising a presentation of the evolution of the Fermilab program for the next five to ten years. Emphasis is given to the Fermilab accelerator complex, but external collaboration is emphasised. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Montgomery, HE (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD APR PY 2006 VL 154 BP 189 EP 191 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.206.02.116 PG 3 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 025SY UT WOS:000236288400022 ER PT J AU Kim, YH Kim, SJ Suh, KY Rempe, JL Cheung, FB Kim, SB AF Kim, YH Kim, SJ Suh, KY Rempe, JL Cheung, FB Kim, SB TI Internal vessel cooling feasibility attributed by critical heat flux in inclined rectangular gap SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE gap cooling; inclination angle; visualization ID SATURATED LIQUID-HELIUM; SURFACE ORIENTATION; NATURAL-CONVECTION; SEVERE ACCIDENT; REACTOR VESSEL; VERTICAL SURFACES; ENHANCED SURFACES; FORCED-CONVECTION; NARROW CHANNELS; LOWER PLENA AB This paper addresses the pool boiling critical heat flux (CHF) phenomena in one-dimensional inclined rectangular channels by changing the orientation of a copper test heater assembly. In a pool of saturated water at atmospheric pressure, an account is taken of the gap sizes of 1, 2, 5, and 10 nun and the surface orientation angles from the downward-facing position (180 deg) to the vertical position (90 deg). Tests are conducted on the basis of the visualization of boiling phenomena utilizing a high-speed digital camera. In addition, an engineering correlation relating to the CHF near the vertical position is developed anchored in the experimental results. It is observed that the CHF generally decreases as the surface inclination angle increases and as the gap size decreases. In the downward-facing position (180 deg), on the other hand, the vapor escape and liquid refill are accelerated by the squeezing gap so that the CHF tends to increase as the gap size decreases. It is also found that there exists a transition angle, around which the CHF changes with a rapid slope on account of the CHF triggering mechanism differring with the inclination angle. C1 Seoul Natl Univ, Seoul 151742, South Korea. Idaho Natl Engn Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Korea Atom Energy Res Inst, Taejon 305600, South Korea. RP Kim, YH (reprint author), Korean Intellectual Property Off, Govt Complex, Taejon 302701, South Korea. EM kysuh@snu.ac.kr OI Rempe, Joy/0000-0001-5527-3549 NR 68 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5450 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD APR PY 2006 VL 154 IS 1 BP 13 EP 40 PG 28 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 030EF UT WOS:000236616200002 ER PT J AU Ghosh, AK Maji, AK Leonard, MT Rao, DV Letellier, BC Urgessa, GS Ashbaugh, SG AF Ghosh, AK Maji, AK Leonard, MT Rao, DV Letellier, BC Urgessa, GS Ashbaugh, SG TI Accumulation and head-loss characteristics of selected pressurized water reactor loca-generated debris SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE accumulation; head loss; calcium silicate AB In the event of a loss-of-coolant accident within the containment of a pressurized water reactor (PWR), piping thermal insulation and other materials in the vicinity of the break will be dislodged by break jet impingement. A series of tests was conducted on two different closed-loop test setups that were specifically designed to study the accumulation of debris and the consequent head loss across sump screens in PWRs. This paper addresses issues related to accumulation of transported debris on the sump screen and the consequent head loss. New test data that provide insights on head loss across a debris bed consisting of fragments of calcium silicate were generated. C1 New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Dycoda LLC, Belen, NM 87002 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Ghosh, AK (reprint author), New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. EM ashok@nmt.edu NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5450 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD APR PY 2006 VL 154 IS 1 BP 69 EP 84 PG 16 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 030EF UT WOS:000236616200005 ER PT J AU Wigeland, RA Bauer, TH Fanning, TH Morris, EE AF Wigeland, RA Bauer, TH Fanning, TH Morris, EE TI Separations and transmutation criteria to improve utilization of a geologic repository SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE spent-fuel processing; geologic repository; thermal limits ID YUCCA MOUNTAIN AB This paper describes the results of a study that uses the thermal performance of the repository to establish chemical separations and transmutation criteria for commercial spent nuclear fuel of benefit to a geologic repository, as measured by the allowable increase in utilization of repository space. The method for determining the chemical elements to be separated is based on the thermal performance of the repository. The important chemical elements are identified, the order of importance of the separated elements is established, and the relationship between the efficiency of the chemical separation and the resulting increase in utilization is determined. The proposed repository at Yucca Mountain is used as an example of a geologic repository for the purposes of illustrating the magnitude of the bene fits that are possible and the implications for repository size and operation. This work is being done in support of the U.S. Department of Energy Advanced Fuel Cycle Initiative, where numerous reactor, processing, and recycling strategies are being examined to determine the impact on issues important to the viability of nuclear electricity generation, including the disposal of spent nuclear fuel and nuclear waste. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Nucl Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Wigeland, RA (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Nucl Engn Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM wigeland@ra.anl.gov NR 7 TC 50 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5450 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD APR PY 2006 VL 154 IS 1 BP 95 EP 106 PG 12 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 030EF UT WOS:000236616200007 ER PT J AU Campbell, MR Wang, Y Andrew, SE Liu, Y AF Campbell, MR Wang, Y Andrew, SE Liu, Y TI Msh2 deficiency leads to chromosomal abnormalities, centrosome amplification, and telomere capping defect SO ONCOGENE LA English DT Article DE mismatch repair; centrosome amplification; telomere capping; chromosomal abnormalities ID DNA MISMATCH REPAIR; CANCER-CELLS; GENE; SUSCEPTIBILITY; PROLIFERATION; RECOMBINATION; ABERRATIONS; MUTATION; MOUSE; MICE AB Msh2 is a key mammalian DNA mismatch repair (MMR) gene and mutations or deficiencies in mammalian Msh2 gene result in microsatellite instability (MSI+) and the development of cancer. Here, we report that primary mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) deficient in the murine MMR gene Msh2 (Msh2(-/-)) showed a significant increase in chromosome aneuploidy, centrosome amplification, and defective mitotic spindle organization and unequal chromosome segregation. Although Msh2(-/-) mouse tissues or primary MEFs had no apparent change in telomerase activity, telomere length, or recombination at telomeres, Msh2(-/-) MEFs showed an increase in chromosome end-to-end fusions or chromosome ends without detectable telomeric DNA. These data suggest that MSH2 helps to maintain genomic stability through the regulation of the centrosome and normal telomere capping in vivo and that defects in MMR can contribute to oncogenesis through multiple pathways. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Alberta, Dept Med Genet, Edmonton, AB, Canada. RP Liu, Y (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM liuy3@ornl.gov NR 20 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0950-9232 J9 ONCOGENE JI Oncogene PD APR PY 2006 VL 25 IS 17 BP 2531 EP 2536 DI 10.1038/sj.onc.1209277 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Oncology; Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Oncology; Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 034RJ UT WOS:000236948000011 PM 16331258 ER PT J AU Pfeifer, T Gallmann, L Abel, MJ Neumark, DM Leone, SR AF Pfeifer, T Gallmann, L Abel, MJ Neumark, DM Leone, SR TI Single attosecond pulse generation in the multicycle-driver regime by adding a weak second-harmonic SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HIGH-HARMONIC-GENERATION; IONIZATION; FIELDS AB We present a method of producing single attosecond pulses by high-harmonic generation with multicycle driver laser pulses. This can be achieved by tailoring the driving pulse so that attosecond pulses are produced only every full cycle of the oscillating laser field rather than every half-cycle. It is shown by classical and quantum-mechanical model calculations that even a minor addition (1%) of phase-locked second-harmonic light to the 800 nm fundamental driver pulse for high-harmonic generation leads to a major (15%) difference in the maximum kinetic energies of the recombining electrons in adjacent half-cycles. (c) 2006 Optical Society of America. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Pfeifer, T (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM tpfeifer@lbl.gov RI Neumark, Daniel/B-9551-2009; Gallmann, Lukas/E-5204-2014 OI Neumark, Daniel/0000-0002-3762-9473; Gallmann, Lukas/0000-0003-3167-8271 NR 15 TC 162 Z9 169 U1 2 U2 24 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD APR 1 PY 2006 VL 31 IS 7 BP 975 EP 977 DI 10.1364/OL.31.000975 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 026QV UT WOS:000236358100041 PM 16599229 ER PT J AU Fortier, TM Bartels, A Diddams, SA AF Fortier, TM Bartels, A Diddams, SA TI Octave-spanning Ti : sapphire laser with a repetition rate > 1 GHz for optical frequency measurements and comparisons SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GENERATION AB We demonstrate a self-referenced, octave-spanning, mode-locked Ti:sapphire laser with a scalable repetition rate (550 MHz-1.35 GHz). We use the frequency comb output of the laser, without additional broadening in optical fiber, for simultaneous measurements against atomic optical standards at 534, 578, 563, and 657 nm and to stabilize the laser offset frequency. (c) 2006 Optical Society of America. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Phys Div P23, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Gigaopt GmbH, D-78462 Constance, Germany. NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. RP Diddams, SA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Phys Div P23, MS H803, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM sdiddams@boulder.nist.gov RI Bartels, Albrecht/B-3456-2009; Diddams, Scott/L-2819-2013 NR 9 TC 108 Z9 111 U1 1 U2 17 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD APR 1 PY 2006 VL 31 IS 7 BP 1011 EP 1013 DI 10.1364/OL.31.001011 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 026QV UT WOS:000236358100053 PM 16599240 ER PT J AU Brady, MP Pint, BA Lu, ZG Zhu, JH Milliken, CE Kreidler, ED Miller, L Armstrong, TR Walker, LR AF Brady, M. P. Pint, B. A. Lu, Z. G. Zhu, J. H. Milliken, C. E. Kreidler, E. D. Miller, L. Armstrong, T. R. Walker, L. R. TI Comparison of oxidation behavior and electrical properties of doped NiO- and Cr2O3-forming alloys for solid-oxide, fuel-cell metallic interconnects SO OXIDATION OF METALS LA English DT Article DE metallic interconnect; NiO; solid-oxide fuel cell; Cr2O3; electrical properties ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE; NICKEL; RESISTANCE; KINETICS AB The goal of this paper was to determine if NiO-forming alloys are a viable alternative to Cr2O3-forming alloys for solid-oxide fuel-cell (SOFC) metallic interconnects. The oxide-scale growth kinetics and electrical properties of a series of Li- and Y2O3-alloyed, NiO-forming Ni-base alloys and La-, Mn-, and Ti-alloyed Fe-18Cr-9W and Fe-25Cr base ferritic Cr2O3-forming alloys were evaluated. The addition of Y2O3 and Li reduced the NiO scale growth rate and increased its electrical conductivity. The area-specific-resistance (ASR) values were comparable to those of the best (lowest ASR) ferritic alloys examined. Oxidation of the ferritic alloys at 800 degrees C in air and air+10% H2O (water vapor) indicated that Mn additions resulted in faster oxidation kinetics/thicker oxide scales, but also lower oxide scale ASRs. Relative in-cell performance in model SOFC stacks operated at 850 degrees C indicated a 60-80% reduction in ASR by Ni+Y2O3, Ni+Y2O3, Li, and Fe-25Cr+La,Mn,Ti interconnects over those made from a baseline, commercial Cr2O3-forming alloy. Collectively, these results indicate that NiO-forming alloys show potential for use as metallic interconnects. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Tennessee Technol Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Cookeville, TN 38505 USA. Technol Management Inc, Cleveland, OH USA. RP Brady, MP (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, MS 6115, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM bradymp@ornl.gov RI Brady, Michael/A-8122-2008; Pint, Bruce/A-8435-2008; Zhu, Jiahong/C-1230-2017; OI Brady, Michael/0000-0003-1338-4747; Pint, Bruce/0000-0002-9165-3335; Lu, Zigui/0000-0001-9848-7088 NR 37 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 3 U2 11 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0030-770X J9 OXID MET JI Oxid. Met. PD APR PY 2006 VL 65 IS 3-4 BP 237 EP 261 DI 10.1007/s11085-006-9018-x PG 25 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 096DE UT WOS:000241356400007 ER PT J AU Prasad, L Skourikhine, AN AF Prasad, L Skourikhine, AN TI Vectorized image segmentation via trixel agglomeration SO PATTERN RECOGNITION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Workshop on Graph-Based Representations CY APR, 2005 CL Poitier, FRANCE SP Scho Engn ENSICAEN, Univ Poitiers, IAPR-TC15 DE image segmentation; Delaunay triangulation; vectorization; perceptual grouping; trixel; polygonal decomposition; region and boundary duality AB We present a broad algorithmic framework for transforming an image comprised of pixels into a vectorized image segmented into polygons that can be subsequently used in image analysis, understanding, and high-level representation. We introduce a new entity-the trixel-that is an adaptive, local, triangular unit of region-contour Picture description. Adjacent trixels are merged based on certain elementary heuristic criteria of perceptual organization, modeled as geometric filters on trixel edges. The connected components of a trixel grouping graph, with vertices representing trixels and edges between vertices corresponding to merged adjacent trixels, yield polygons that segment the image. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Pattern Recognition Society. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Prasad, L (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663,MS D436, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM prisad@lanl.gov; alexei@lanl.gov OI Skurikhin, Alexei/0000-0001-5606-4933; Prasad, Lakshman/0000-0003-3967-3643 NR 12 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0031-3203 J9 PATTERN RECOGN JI Pattern Recognit. PD APR PY 2006 VL 39 IS 4 BP 501 EP 514 DI 10.1016/j.patcog.2005.10.014 PG 14 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA 019TI UT WOS:000235859200002 ER PT J AU Sachdeva, R Istratov, AA Radetic, T Xu, X Deenapanray, PNK Weber, ER AF Sachdeva, R Istratov, AA Radetic, T Xu, X Deenapanray, PNK Weber, ER TI Optical, electrical, and diffusion properties of hafnium and zirconium in single-crystal silicon SO PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 23rd International Conference on Defects in Semiconductors CY JUL 24-29, 2005 CL Awaji Isl, JAPAN DE silicon; hafnium; optical; diffusion ID SI AB A study of optical, electrical, and diffusion properties of Hf and Zr in silicon is presented. Photoluminescence spectra were observed in Hf-implanted silicon. Isotope substitution confirms that the observed signal is Hf related. Several deep-level defects were found for Hf in both the upper and lower half of silicon band gap, and their parameters were tabulated. Dominant defect in deep-level spectra was determined to be a donor. Diffusion study of Zr-implanted samples indicated that Zr tends to diffuse Out to the surface. Outdiffusion and precipitation of Zr which was found to form platelets, as confirmed by transmission electron microscopy, does not allow the traditional diffusion models to be used; however, an estimate of Zr diffusivity was performed, yielding a value of 2.8 x 10(-15) cm(2)/s at 1100 degrees C. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Natl Ctr Electron Microscopy, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Australian Natl Univ, Ctr Sustainable Energy Syst, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. RP Sachdeva, R (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM ravinder@berkeley.edu NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD APR 1 PY 2006 VL 376 BP 420 EP 423 DI 10.1016/j.physb.2005.12.108 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 039TH UT WOS:000237329500105 ER PT J AU Li, SX Yu, KM Wu, J Jones, RE Walukiewicz, W Ager, JW Shan, W Haller, EE Lu, H Schaff, WJ AF Li, SX Yu, KM Wu, J Jones, RE Walukiewicz, W Ager, JW Shan, W Haller, EE Lu, H Schaff, WJ TI Native defects in InxGa1-xN alloys SO PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 23rd International Conference on Defects in Semiconductors CY JUL 24-29, 2005 CL Awaji Isl, JAPAN DE InN; InGaN; native defects; Fermi stabilization energy ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; FUNDAMENTAL-BAND GAP; INN; ABSORPTION; SEMICONDUCTORS; GROWTH; FILMS AB To elucidate the role of native defects in determining the electronic and optical properties of In1-xGaxN, energetic particle irradiation (electrons, protons, and He-4(+)) has been used to intentionally introduce point defects into InxGa1-xN alloys. Optical absorption, Hall effect, and capacitance-voltage (CV) measurements are used to evaluate properties of these materials. Irradiation produces donor-like defects in InxGa1-xN with x > 0.34, while acceptor-like defects form in Ga-rich InxGa1-xN (x < 0.34). A sufficiently high irradiation dose pins the Fermi level at the Fermi level stabilization energy (E-FS), as predicted by the amphoteric defect model. Pinning of the Fermi level at this energy is also responsible for the surface electron accumulation effect in unirradiated In-rich In1-xGaxN. (c) 2005 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Cornell Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Walukiewicz, W (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM W_Walukiewicz@lbl.gov RI Yu, Kin Man/J-1399-2012; Wu, Junqiao/G-7840-2011; OI Yu, Kin Man/0000-0003-1350-9642; Wu, Junqiao/0000-0002-1498-0148; Ager, Joel/0000-0001-9334-9751 NR 23 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD APR 1 PY 2006 VL 376 BP 432 EP 435 DI 10.1016/j.physb.2005.12.111 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 039TH UT WOS:000237329500108 ER PT J AU Jones, RE Li, SX Hsu, L Yu, KM Walukiewicz, W Lillental-Weber, Z Ager, JW Haller, EE Lu, H Schaff, WJ AF Jones, RE Li, SX Hsu, L Yu, KM Walukiewicz, W Lillental-Weber, Z Ager, JW Haller, EE Lu, H Schaff, WJ TI Native-defect-controlled n-type conductivity in InN SO PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 23rd International Conference on Defects in Semiconductors CY JUL 24-29, 2005 CL Awaji Isl, JAPAN DE InN; radiation; native defects; mobility ID SEMICONDUCTORS AB High-energy particle irradiation has been shown previously to be a method for n-type doping of InN. Here we irradiated InN with H+ and He+ particles to study the dependence of the electron mobility on electron concentrations varying from mid-10(18) to mid-10(20) cm(-3). We find that the electron mobility is limited by scattering from the ionized defects created by irradiation, resulting in a strong correlation between mobility and electron concentration. Furthermore, our calculations suggest that the radiation-induced defects may be triply charged donors. (c) 2005 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Minnesota, Gen Coll, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Cornell Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Walukiewicz, W (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 02 R200, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM w_walukiewicz@lbl.gov RI Yu, Kin Man/J-1399-2012; Liliental-Weber, Zuzanna/H-8006-2012; OI Yu, Kin Man/0000-0003-1350-9642; Ager, Joel/0000-0001-9334-9751 NR 15 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD APR 1 PY 2006 VL 376 BP 436 EP 439 DI 10.1016/j.physb.2005.12.112 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 039TH UT WOS:000237329500109 ER PT J AU Yang, Q Feick, H Weber, ER AF Yang, Q Feick, H Weber, ER TI Defects related to N-sublattice damage in electron irradiated GaN SO PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 23rd International Conference on Defects in Semiconductors CY JUL 24-29, 2005 CL Awaji Isl, JAPAN DE electron irradiation; gallium nitride; photoluminescence; nitrogen vacancy ID NATIVE DEFECTS AB Defects related to the N-sublattice of GaN are studied with electron irradiation. Selective damage of the N-sublattice is achieved by irradiating the samples with 0.42MeV electrons. A new shallow donor B, with binding energy of 24.9 +/- 0.4 meV was found after irradiation with ground state bound exciton emission at 3.4732eV. Among the possible defects, the nitrogen vacancy (V-N) is the most likely candidate for the new donor B-1. In addition, an interesting change in the excitonic luminescence of the irradiated sample is observed under focused 267 nm laser beam illumination at cryogenic temperatures. The intensities of ONXA and SiGaXA, the total band edge luminescence intensity, and the luminescence decay lifetime of free and bound excitons all increase with laser exposure time, and the relative intensity of the B-I-bound exciton emission decreases. This effect is not observed with below bandgap illumination. We propose that this reflects the light-induced dissociation of non-radiative defect complexes of O-N and Si-Ga with N-i, subsequently the migration of Ni and then at least partial annihilation of Ni with VN. The new donor BI-bound exciton emission and the light-induced instability start to disappear upon annealing around 300 degrees C, indicating the thermal dissociation of donor-nitrogen complexes and annihilation of the irradiation-induced vacancy- and interstitial-type defects. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Weber, ER (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 374 Hearst Mem Min Bldg, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM weber@berkeley.edu NR 11 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD APR 1 PY 2006 VL 376 BP 447 EP 450 DI 10.1016/j.physb.2005.12.115 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 039TH UT WOS:000237329500112 ER PT J AU Liliental-Weber, Z Zakharov, DN Yu, KM Ager, JW Walukiewicz, W Haller, EE Lu, H Schaff, WJ AF Liliental-Weber, Z Zakharov, DN Yu, KM Ager, JW Walukiewicz, W Haller, EE Lu, H Schaff, WJ TI Compositional modulation in InxGa1-xN SO PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 23rd International Conference on Defects in Semiconductors CY JUL 24-29, 2005 CL Awaji Isl, JAPAN DE compositional modulation; InGaN; TEM; X-ray ID PHASE-SEPARATION; HETEROSTRUCTURES; EPITAXY; LAYERS; ALLOY AB Transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction were used to study compositional modulation in InxGa1-xN layers grown with compositions close to the miscibility gap. The samples (0.34 < x < 0.8) were deposited by molecular beam epitaxy using either a 200nm-thick AlN or GaN buffer layer grown on a sapphire substrate. In the TEM imaging mode this modulation is seen as black/white fringes which can be considered as self-assembled thin quantum wells. Periodic compositional modulation leads to extra electron diffraction spots and satellite reflections in X-ray diffraction in the 0-20 coupled geometry. The modulation period was determined using both methods. Larger modulation periods were observed for layers with higher In content and for those having larger mismatch with the underlying AlN buffer layer. Compositional modulation was not observed for a sample with x = 0.34 grown oil a GaN buffer layer. Modulated films tend to have large "Stokes shifts" between their absorption edge and photoluminescence peak. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Cornell Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Liliental-Weber, Z (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM z_liliental-weber@lbl.gov RI Liliental-Weber, Zuzanna/H-8006-2012; Yu, Kin Man/J-1399-2012; Zakharov, Dmitri/F-4493-2014; OI Yu, Kin Man/0000-0003-1350-9642; Ager, Joel/0000-0001-9334-9751 NR 20 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD APR 1 PY 2006 VL 376 BP 468 EP 472 DI 10.1016/j.physb.2005.12.120 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 039TH UT WOS:000237329500117 ER PT J AU Wright, AF Myers, SM Sanati, M Estreicher, SK AF Wright, AF Myers, SM Sanati, M Estreicher, SK TI Formation of VNH and MgVNH in p-type GaN(Mg,H) SO PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 23rd International Conference on Defects in Semiconductors CY JUL 24-29, 2005 CL Awaji Isl, JAPAN DE gallium nitride; magnesium doping; nitrogen vacancy; hydrogen ID TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; WAVE BASIS-SET; MG-DOPED GAN; NATIVE DEFECTS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; GALLIUM NITRIDE; COMPENSATION; HYDROGEN; CONFIGURATIONS; DIFFUSION AB The reactions V-N(+1) + H+ -> (VNH)(+2) and (MgVN)(0) + H+ -> (MgVNH)(+1) in GaN were investigated using density-functional theory. Estimates of the reaction rates indicate that (VNH)(+2) and (MgVNH)(+1) will form rapidly above 400 degrees C, and modeling predicts that their populations will be substantial at elevated temperatures. These results indicate that compensation by V-N is important in p-type GaN and that H suppression of V-N, formation is less effective than previously suggested.(c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. RP Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM afwrigh@sandia.gov NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 EI 1873-2135 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD APR 1 PY 2006 VL 376 BP 477 EP 481 DI 10.1016/j.physb.2005.12.122 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 039TH UT WOS:000237329500119 ER PT J AU Jinschek, JR Kislelowski, C AF Jinschek, JR Kislelowski, C TI Time, energy, and spatially resolved TEM investigations of defects in InGaN SO PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 23rd International Conference on Defects in Semiconductors CY JUL 24-29, 2005 CL Awaji Isl, JAPAN DE electron microscopy; EELS; InGaN; band gap; strain ID TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPE; MOLECULAR SIMULATION; QUANTUM-WELLS; STRAIN; MISCIBILITY; RESOLUTION; TERNARY; ALLOYS AB A novel sample preparation technique is reported to fabricate electron transparent samples from devices utilizing a FIB process with a successive wet etching step. The high quality of the obtained samples allows for band gap-and chemical composition measurements of InxGa1-xN quantum wells where electron beam induced damage can be controlled and shown to be negligible. The results reveal indium enrichment in nanoclusters and defects that cause fluctuations of the band gap energy and can be measured by low loss Electron Energy Spectroscopy with nm resolution. Comparing our time, energy, and spatially resolved measurements of band gap energies, chemical composition, and their related fluctuations with literature data, we find quantitative agreement if the band gap energy of InN is 1.5-2 eV. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, NCEM, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Kislelowski, C (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, NCEM, 1 Cyclotron Rd,Blg 72-125,LBNL, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM cfkisielowski@lbl.gov NR 17 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD APR 1 PY 2006 VL 376 BP 536 EP 539 DI 10.1016/j.physb.2005.12.136 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 039TH UT WOS:000237329500133 ER PT J AU Specht, P Xu, X Armitage, R Weber, ER Erni, R Kisielowski, C AF Specht, P Xu, X Armitage, R Weber, ER Erni, R Kisielowski, C TI Local band and defect transitions in InGaN observed by valence electron energy loss spectroscopy SO PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 23rd International Conference on Defects in Semiconductors CY JUL 24-29, 2005 CL Awaji Isl, JAPAN DE band gap; defect transition; VEELS; nitrides ID GAP; INN AB The interface of an annealed GaN/InN heterostructure was investigated by valence electron energy loss spectroscopy (VEELS). A monochromated electron beam provides an energy resolution of 180meV at a beam size of 1 nm in scanning transmission electron microscopy mode. Although simulteanously performed energy dispersive spectra (EDS) scans reveal an 80 nm wide InGaN interdiffusion area, alloying is locally minimal and phase separation is commonly found. Various defect transitions in the range between I and less than 0.7 eV were observed together with room temperature band transitions of 1.7 and 3.3 eV for InN and GaN, respectively. An enhanced concentration of vacancies accumulated at the interface may explain the pronounced interdiffusion and some of the observed defect transitions. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Natl Ctr Electron Microscopy, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Specht, P (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM specht@Berkeley.edu RI Erni, Rolf/P-7435-2014 OI Erni, Rolf/0000-0003-2391-5943 NR 18 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD APR 1 PY 2006 VL 376 BP 552 EP 555 DI 10.1016/j.physb.2005.12.139 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 039TH UT WOS:000237329500136 ER PT J AU Du, MH Limpijumnong, S Zhang, SB AF Du, MH Limpijumnong, S Zhang, SB TI Ion relaxation and hydrogen LVM in H-irradiated GaAsN SO PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 23rd International Conference on Defects in Semiconductors CY JUL 24-29, 2005 CL Awaji Isl, JAPAN DE ion implantation; dilute III-V nitrides; hydrogen; IR modes AB First-principles calculations show that the hydrogen configurations in GaAsN depend on how hydrogen is introduced into the sample. Since proton and neutral H have different ground states, the proton injected into the sample by H-irradiation follows a unique energy pathway to form a charged dihydride, instead of the charge-neutral H(2)(center dot) monohydride. The subsequent charge neutralization causes the spontaneous canting of the dihydrides. The resulting canted N-2H structure explains the recent puzzling IR observation, the recoveries of the GaAs band gap and lattice parameter, and the dihydride symmetry deter-mined by the XANES experiment. It may also have broad implications for ion implantation studies in other solids. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Suranaree Univ Technol, Natl Synchrotron Res Ctr, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand. Suranaree Univ Technol, Sch Phys, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand. RP Du, MH (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM mao_hua_du@nrel.gov RI Schaff, William/B-5839-2009; Du, Mao-Hua/B-2108-2010; Krausnick, Jennifer/D-6291-2013; Zhang, Shengbai/D-4885-2013 OI Du, Mao-Hua/0000-0001-8796-167X; Zhang, Shengbai/0000-0003-0833-5860 NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD APR 1 PY 2006 VL 376 BP 583 EP 586 DI 10.1016/j.physb.2005.12.147 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 039TH UT WOS:000237329500144 ER PT J AU Dubon, OD Scarpulla, MA Farshchi, R Yu, KM AF Dubon, OD Scarpulla, MA Farshchi, R Yu, KM TI Doping and defect control of ferromagnetic semiconductors formed by ion implantation and pulsed-laser melting SO PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 23rd International Conference on Defects in Semiconductors CY JUL 24-29, 2005 CL Awaji Isl, JAPAN DE ferromagnetic semiconductors; laser processing; ion implantation ID CURIE-TEMPERATURE; MAGNETIC SEMICONDUCTORS; GA1-XMNXAS AB We demonstrate a simple but effective route for the synthesis of ferromagnetic semiconductors that combines Mn ion implantation (11) and pulsed-laser melting (PLM). By this process Ga(1-x)Mn(x)As films exhibiting a ferromagnetic Curie temperature (T(C)) exceeding 130 K have been synthesized. These materials possess electrical and magnetic characteristics similar to molecular beam epitaxy-grown (MBE-grown) films that are tunable through experimental parameters such as implantation dose, laser energy fluence, and co-doping with Te donors. We have also used H-PLM to form ferromagnetic single-crystalline Ga(1-x)Mn(x)P films. These films display magnetic properties similar to their arsenide counterparts despite remaining non-metallic and becoming strongly insulating at low temperatures. Unlike as-grown MBE films, both Ga(1-x)Mn(x)P and Ga(1-x)Mn(x)As formed by II-PLM do not contain Mn at interstitial sites; instead, nonsubstitutional Mn atoms are found to be randomly located, perhaps as clusters. As a result, post-PLM thermal annealing at temperatures higher than 300 degrees C leads to a decrease in TC as Mn atoms leave substitutional sites. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Dubon, OD (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM oddubon@berkeley.edu RI Scarpulla, Michael/C-7941-2009; Yu, Kin Man/J-1399-2012; OI Yu, Kin Man/0000-0003-1350-9642; Scarpulla, Michael/0000-0002-6084-6839 NR 14 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD APR 1 PY 2006 VL 376 BP 630 EP 634 DI 10.1016/j.physb.2005.12.159 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 039TH UT WOS:000237329500156 ER PT J AU Limpijumnong, S Li, XN Wei, SH Zhang, SB AF Limpijumnong, S Li, XN Wei, SH Zhang, SB TI Probing deactivations in Nitrogen doped ZnO by vibrational signatures: A first principles study SO PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 23rd International Conference on Defects in Semiconductors CY JUL 24-29, 2005 CL Awaji Isl, JAPAN DE Zno; first principles; vibrational frequency; wide band gap ID SPECTROSCOPY AB Based on first principles calculations, we investigate two probable types of deactivation mechanisms that hinder current efforts of doping ZnO p-type. (i) Passivation by Hydrogen. H prefers to bind with No at the anti-bonding site and form NO-H complexes with a binding energy of about 1 eV. (ii) Passivation by the formation of substitutional diatomic molecules (SDM). Carbon impurities and excess N strongly prefer to passivate No and form low-energy SDM on the Oxygen site, (NC)(O) or (N-2)(O), both of which are donors with several-eV binding energies. Our calculated vibrational frequencies of No-H complexes and SDMs are consistent with the frequencies recently observed by IR measurement on N-doped ZnO, which is not p-type. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Suranaree Univ Technol, Sch Phys, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand. Natl Synchrotron Res Ctr, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO USA. RP Limpijumnong, S (reprint author), Suranaree Univ Technol, Sch Phys, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand. EM sukit@sut.ac.th RI Krausnick, Jennifer/D-6291-2013; Zhang, Shengbai/D-4885-2013 OI Zhang, Shengbai/0000-0003-0833-5860 NR 16 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD APR 1 PY 2006 VL 376 BP 686 EP 689 DI 10.1016/j.physb.2005.12.172 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 039TH UT WOS:000237329500169 ER PT J AU Gomez-Gardenes, J Floria, LM Bishop, AR AF Gomez-Gardenes, J. Floria, L. M. Bishop, A. R. TI Discrete breathers in two-dimensional anisotropic nonlinear Schrodinger lattices SO PHYSICA D-NONLINEAR PHENOMENA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Nonlinear Physics - Condensed Matter, Dynamical Systems and Biophysics CY MAY 30-31, 2005 CL Inst Henri Poincare, Paris, FRANCE HO Inst Henri Poincare DE discrete breathers; intrinsic localized modest; nonlinear Schrodinger lattices; collapse phenomena ID WAVE-GUIDE ARRAYS; TRAVELING BREATHERS; ENERGY THRESHOLDS; LOCALIZED MODES; SOLITONS; EQUATIONS; DYNAMICS; SYSTEMS; OSCILLATORS; STABILITY AB We study the structure and stability of discrete breathers (both pinned and mobile) in two-dimensional nonlinear anisotropic Schrodinger lattices. Starting from a set of identical one-dimensional systems we develop the continuation of the localized pulses from the weakly coupled regime (strongly anisotropic) to the homogeneous one (isotropic). Mobile discrete breathers are seen to be a superposition of a localized mobile core and an extended background of two-dimensional nonlinear plane waves. This structure is in agreement with previous results on one-dimensional breather mobility. The study of the stability of both pinned and mobile solutions is performed using standard Floquet analysis. Regimes of quasi-collapse are found for both types of solutions, while another kind of instability (responsible for the discrete breather fission) is found for mobile solutions. The development of such instabilities is studied, examining typical trajectories oil the unstable nonlinear manifold. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Univ Zaragoza, Dept Fis Mat Condensada, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain. Univ Zaragoza, CSIC, ICMA, Dept Teoria & Simulac Sistemas Complejos, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain. Univ Zaragoza, Inst Biocomputac & Fis Sistemas Complejos BIFI, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Gomez-Gardenes, J (reprint author), Univ Zaragoza, Dept Fis Mat Condensada, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain. EM gardenes@unizar.es RI Gomez-Gardenes, Jesus/A-3226-2009; Floria, Luis Mario/L-7261-2014; Gomez-Gardenes, Jesus/B-5818-2009 OI Floria, Luis Mario/0000-0002-1406-8810; Gomez-Gardenes, Jesus/0000-0001-5204-1937 NR 53 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2789 J9 PHYSICA D JI Physica D PD APR 1 PY 2006 VL 216 IS 1 BP 31 EP 43 DI 10.1016/j.physd.2005.12.017 PG 13 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA 042QX UT WOS:000237545000003 ER PT J AU Machon, D Daisenberger, D Soignard, E Shen, G Kawashima, T Takayama-Muromachi, E McMillan, PF AF Machon, D Daisenberger, D Soignard, E Shen, G Kawashima, T Takayama-Muromachi, E McMillan, PF TI High pressure - high temperature studies and reactivity of gamma-Mo(2)N and delta-MoN SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI A-APPLICATIONS AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID NITRIDE; TRANSITION AB A combination of high pressure - high temperature synthesis and laser-heated diamond anvil cell experiments, using synchrotron X-ray diffraction has been used to investigate the phases in the Mo(2)N-MoN system under these conditions. Under conditions of high nitrogen activity, delta-MoN appears to be a limiting phase i.e. there is no evidence for formation of new compounds such as Mo(3)N(4) or Mo(3)N(5), that are encountered in the Zr-N, Hf-N or Ta-N systems. When gamma-Mo(2)N is heated or prepared under conditions of high N(2) activity, 8-MoN is formed. The results indicate (a) that there is no stable cubic stoichiometric "gamma-MoN" phase formed even under conditions of high pressure - high temperature and high N(2) activity, and (b) that no solid solution is formed between gamma-Mo(2)N and delta-MoN. (c) 2006 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim. C1 UCL, Dept Chem, London, England. UCL, Mat Chem Ctr, London, England. Arizona State Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, GSECARS, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Natl Inst Mat Sci, Superconducting Mat Ctr, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050044, Japan. Royal Inst Great Britain, Davy Faraday Res Lab, London W1X 4BS, England. RP McMillan, PF (reprint author), UCL, Dept Chem, 20 Gordon St, London, England. EM p.f.mcmillan@uci.ac.uk RI Shen, Guoyin/D-6527-2011 NR 19 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1862-6300 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI A JI Phys. Status Solidi A-Appl. Mat. PD APR PY 2006 VL 203 IS 5 BP 831 EP 836 DI 10.1002/pssa.200521008 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 038BG UT WOS:000237192000006 ER PT J AU Varga, K Pantelides, ST AF Varga, K Pantelides, ST TI Lagrange-function approach to real-space order-N electronic-structure calculations SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI B-BASIC SOLID STATE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on State-of-Art, Developments and Perspectives of Real-Space Electronic Structure Methods in Condensed-Matter and Chemical Physics CY JUN 20-24, 2005 CL Lyon, FRANCE ID DISCRETE VARIABLE REPRESENTATION; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; DENSITY; SYSTEMS; PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; ACCURACY; MESHES; MODEL AB The Lagrange functions are a family of analytical, complete, and orthonormal basis sets that are suitable for efficient, accurate, real-space, order-N electronic-structure calculations. Convergence is controlled by a single monotonic parameter, the dimension of the basis set, and computational complexity is lower than that of conventional approaches. In this paper we review their construction and applications in linear-scaling electronic-structure calculations. (c) 2006 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim. C1 Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Varga, K (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. EM kalman.varga@vanderbilt.edu RI Varga, Kalman/A-7102-2013 NR 39 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0370-1972 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI B JI Phys. Status Solidi B-Basic Solid State Phys. PD APR PY 2006 VL 243 IS 5 BP 1110 EP 1120 DI 10.1002/pssb.200541415 PG 11 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 035LB UT WOS:000237001400014 ER PT J AU Bennink, RS AF Bennink, RS TI Two-color photon polarization entanglement using a single nonlinear crystal SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID PAIRS AB We demonstrate a scheme for producing polarization-entangled photons of different wavelengths. The scheme is a variation of the conventional single-crystal, frequency-degenerate type-II scheme and offers similar brightness, quality of entanglement, and ease of alignment. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Bennink, RS (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM benninkrs@ornl.gov NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 4 AR 043814 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.73.043814 PG 5 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 037LG UT WOS:000237147700137 ER PT J AU Colgan, J Pindzola, MS Childers, G Khakoo, MA AF Colgan, J Pindzola, MS Childers, G Khakoo, MA TI Low-energy electron-impact single ionization of helium SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID ATOMIC-HYDROGEN; CROSS-SECTION; SHARING KINEMATICS; SCATTERING; THRESHOLD AB A study is made of low-energy electron-impact single ionization of ground-state helium. The time-dependent close-coupling method is used to calculate total integral, single differential, double differential, and triple differential ionization cross sections for impact electron energies ranging from 32 to 45 eV. For all quantities, the calculated cross sections are found to be in very good agreement with experiment, and for the triple differential cross sections, good agreement is also found with calculations made using the convergent close-coupling technique. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Auburn Univ, Dept Phys, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. Calif State Univ Fullerton, Dept Phys, Fullerton, CA 92834 USA. RP Colgan, J (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. OI Colgan, James/0000-0003-1045-3858 NR 20 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 4 AR 042710 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.73.042710 PG 7 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 037LG UT WOS:000237147700078 ER PT J AU Damski, B AF Damski, B TI Shock waves in a one-dimensional Bose gas: From a Bose-Einstein condensate to a Tonks gas SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID IMPENETRABLE BOSONS; GROUND-STATE; PROPAGATION; TRAPS; ATOMS; SOUND AB We derive and analyze shock-wave solutions of hydrodynamic equations describing repulsively interacting one-dimensional Bose gas. We also use the number-conserving Bogolubov approach to verify accuracy of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation in shock wave problems. We show that quantum corrections to dynamics of shocks (dark-shock-originated solitons) in a Bose-Einstein condensate are negligible (important) for a realistic set of system parameters. We point out possible signatures of a Bose-Einstein condensate-Tonks crossover in shock dynamics. Our findings can be directly verified in different experimental setups. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Damski, B (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theory, MS-B213, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Damski, Bogdan/E-3027-2013 NR 40 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 EI 1094-1622 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 4 AR 043601 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.73.043601 PG 10 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 037LG UT WOS:000237147700105 ER PT J AU LaGattuta, KJ AF LaGattuta, KJ TI Behavior of H-2(+) and H-2 in strong laser fields simulated by fermion molecular dynamics SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID EFFECTIVE HAMILTONIAN-STRUCTURE; MULTIPHOTON IONIZATION; ATOMS; PHOTOIONIZATION; HYDROGEN AB In this paper we describe an application of fermion molecular dynamics to the simulation of the behavior of H-2(+) and H-2 immersed in a strong laser field. The laser field consists of a single short pulse of linearly polarized long wavelength radiation; viz., t(pulse)similar to 100 fs, lambda=758 nm, and 10(13)<= I-0 < 10(14) W/cm(2). Results are compared with data from recent laboratory measurements. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP LaGattuta, KJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS-B259, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 29 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 4 AR 043404 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.73.043404 PG 11 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 037LG UT WOS:000237147700091 ER PT J AU Sarkisov, GS Beigman, IL Shevelko, VP Struve, KW AF Sarkisov, GS Beigman, IL Shevelko, VP Struve, KW TI Interferometric measurements of dynamic polarizabilities for metal atoms using electrically exploding wires in vacuum SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID DIPOLE POLARIZABILITIES; SHEARING INTERFEROMETER; AIR WEDGE; IONS; ELECTRON AB Measurements within 10% accuracy of the dynamic dipole polarizabilities alpha(lambda) for five nonrefractory metal atoms (Mg, Ag, Al, Cu, and Au) at laser wavelengths of lambda=532 and 1064 nm are presented using electrical explosion of thin wires in vacuum and a novel laser probing integrated-phase technique. The technique is based on single-wavelength interferometry and does not require axial symmetry of the tested object. Theoretical prediction of alpha(lambda) for wavelengths lambda=355, 532, and 1064 nm, as well as the static dipole polarizabilities alpha(st), are also presented. An agreement within 20% was obtained between calculated data, recommended static polarizabilities alpha(st), and the measured dynamic polarizabilities alpha(532 nm) and alpha(1064 nm). C1 Ktech Corp Inc, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. PN Lebedev Phys Inst, Moscow 119991, Russia. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Ktech Corp Inc, 1300 Eubank Blvd, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. EM gssarki@sandia.gov RI Shevelko, Viacheslav/M-7527-2015 NR 24 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9926 EI 2469-9934 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 4 AR 042501 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.73.042501 PG 8 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 037LG UT WOS:000237147700064 ER PT J AU Stalnaker, JE Budker, D Freedman, SJ Guzman, JS Rochester, SM Yashchuk, VV AF Stalnaker, JE Budker, D Freedman, SJ Guzman, JS Rochester, SM Yashchuk, VV TI Dynamic Stark effect and forbidden-transition spectral line shapes SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID PARITY NONCONSERVATION; ATOMIC YTTERBIUM; PRECISION-MEASUREMENT; CESIUM; POLARIZABILITIES; LIFETIMES; FIELDS; 6S(2) AB We report on an experimental and theoretical study of the dynamic (ac) Stark effect on a forbidden transition. A general framework for parametrizing and describing off-resonant ac-Stark shifts is presented. A model is developed to calculate spectral line shapes resulting from resonant excitation of atoms in an intense standing light wave in the presence of off-resonant ac-Stark shifts. The model is used in the analysis and interpretation of a measurement of the ac-Stark shifts of the static-electric-field-induced 6s(2) S-1(0)-> 5d6s(3)D(1) transition at 408 nm in atomic Yb. The results are in agreement with estimates of the ac-Stark shift of the transition under the assumption that the shift is dominated by that of the 6s(2) S-1(0) ground state. A detailed description of the experiment and analysis is presented. A biproduct of this work is an independent determination (from the saturation behavior of the 408-nm transition) of the Stark transition polarizability, which is found to be in agreement with our earlier measurement. This work is part of the ongoing effort aimed at a precision measurement of atomic parity-violation effects in Yb. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Stalnaker, JE (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, 325 S Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. EM budker@socrates.berkeley.edu RI Budker, Dmitry/F-7580-2016 OI Budker, Dmitry/0000-0002-7356-4814 NR 28 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 13 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 4 AR 043416 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.73.0433416 PG 13 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 037LG UT WOS:000237147700103 ER PT J AU Akimov, AV Scherbakov, AV Yakovlev, DR Merkulov, IA Bayer, M Waag, A Molenkamp, LW AF Akimov, AV Scherbakov, AV Yakovlev, DR Merkulov, IA Bayer, M Waag, A Molenkamp, LW TI Multiple transfer of angular momentum quanta from a spin-polarized hole to magnetic ions in Zn1-xMnxSe/Zn1-yBeySe quantum wells SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID RELAXATION; SYSTEM; GAS AB The magnetization kinetics in (Zn,Mn)Se/(Zn,Be)Se quantum wells has been studied on a ps-time scale after pulsed laser excitation. The magnetization induced by an external magnetic field is reduced by up to 30% during similar to 100 ps due to spin and energy transfer from photocarriers to a Mn spin system. The giant Zeeman splitting leads to a complete spin polarization of the carriers, resulting in a strong suppression of flip-flop processes between carriers and magnetic ions. Therefore, a multiple angular momentum transfer from each spin-polarized hole to the Mn ions becomes the dominant mechanism in the magnetization dynamics. A model based on spin-momentum coupling in the valence band is suggested for explaining this transfer. C1 Univ Dortmund, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany. AF Ioffe Phys Tech Inst, St Petersburg 194021, Russia. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Tech Univ Carolo Wilhelmina Braunschweig, Inst Semicond Technol, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany. Univ Wurzburg, Inst Phys, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany. RP Akimov, AV (reprint author), Univ Dortmund, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany. OI Molenkamp, Laurens/0000-0003-4833-5179 NR 15 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 16 AR 165328 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.73.165328 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 037OG UT WOS:000237155800082 ER PT J AU Bagus, PS Ilton, ES AF Bagus, PS Ilton, ES TI Effects of covalency on the p-shell photoemission of transition metals: MnO SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-PHOTOELECTRON; EMISSION SPECTRA; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; MULTIPLET STRUCTURE; VACANCY LEVELS; XPS; NIO; SPECTROSCOPY; MOLECULES; MECHANISM AB The effect of the solid-state environment for an Mn cation in MnO on the Mn 2p- and 3p-shell x-ray photoemission spectra (XPS) has been investigated using ab initio relativistic wave functions for an embedded MnO6 cluster model of MnO. These wave functions include many-body effects due to the angular momentum coupling and recoupling of the open-shell electrons. They also include the covalent mixing of the metal d orbitals with ligand p orbitals. The treatment of covalency has not been included previously in ab initio theoretical studies of the 2p-shell XPS of transition-metal complexes. In this work, covalent interactions between the metal and ligands are treated on an equal footing with spin-orbit splittings. The four-component spinors used in these wave functions are optimized separately for the ground and for the 2p- and 3p-hole configurations. This orbital relaxation leads to a "closed-shell" interatomic screening of the Mn core hole. The different orbital sets optimized for the ground and core-ionized configurations mean that mutually nonorthogonal orbital sets are used to determine the matrix elements for the XPS relative intensities. Our treatment of the transition intensities is rigorous, and no approximations are introduced to handle the orbital nonorthogonality. The closed-shell screening is important because changes in the XPS obtained for the MnO6 cluster from that obtained for an isolated Mn2+ cation can be directly linked to this screening and to the consequent reduction in the values of certain exchange integrals. The present work is compared to prior, semiempirical calculations; these comparisons allow us to identify unresolved questions about the origin of certain features of the MnO XPS and to suggest further calculations to resolve these questions. C1 Univ N Texas, Dept Chem, Denton, TX 76203 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Bagus, PS (reprint author), Univ N Texas, Dept Chem, Denton, TX 76203 USA. RI Bagus, Paul/M-1273-2015 NR 68 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 22 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 15 AR 155110 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.73.155110 PG 14 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 037OA UT WOS:000237155100034 ER PT J AU Blanter, YM Vinokur, VM Glazman, LI AF Blanter, YM Vinokur, VM Glazman, LI TI Weak localization in metallic granular media SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID QUASI-PARTICLE LIFETIME; INSULATOR-TRANSITION; BEHAVIOR AB We investigate the interference correction to the conductivity of a medium consisting of metallic grains connected by tunnel junctions. Tunneling conductance between the grains, e(2)g(T)/pi h, is assumed to be large, g(T)<< 1. We demonstrate that the weak localization correction to conductivity exhibits a crossover at temperature T similar to g(T)(2)delta, where delta is the mean level spacing in a single grain. At the crossover, the phase relaxation time determined by the electron-electron interaction becomes of the order of the dwell time of an electron in a grain. Below the crossover temperature, the granular array behaves as a continuous medium, while above the crossover the weak localization effect is largely a single-junction phenomenon. We elucidate the signatures of the granular structure in the temperature and magnetic field dependence of the weak localization correction. C1 Delft Univ Technol, Kavli Inst Nanosci, NL-2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands. Weizmann Inst Sci, Braun Ctr Submicron Res, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Condensed Matter Phys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Minnesota, WI Fine Theoret Phys Inst, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Delft Univ Technol, Kavli Inst Nanosci, Lorentzweg 1, NL-2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands. NR 24 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 16 AR 165322 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.73.165322 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 037OG UT WOS:000237155800076 ER PT J AU Cady, A Haskel, D Lang, JC Islam, Z Srajer, G Ankudinov, A Subias, G Garcia, J AF Cady, A Haskel, D Lang, JC Islam, Z Srajer, G Ankudinov, A Subias, G Garcia, J TI Site-specific magnetization reversal studies of magnetite SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID CIRCULAR-DICHROISM; VERWEY TRANSITION; SCATTERING; PHASE AB The mechanism of magnetization reversal in magnetite (Fe3O4) single crystals was studied using site-specific magnetic sensitive diffraction anomalous near-edge structure. By exploiting the angular dependence of the cross section, we are able to show that the mechanism of reversal involves a mixture of coherent rotation and domain formation. The results reveal additional details to that provided by XMCD measurements, which average over nonequivalent sites. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Zaragoza, CSIC, Inst Ciencia Mat Aragon, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain. RP Cady, A (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Garcia, Joaquin/G-9957-2015; Subias-Peruga, Maria Gloria/H-2591-2015 OI Garcia, Joaquin/0000-0002-7252-3471; Subias-Peruga, Maria Gloria/0000-0002-9029-1977 NR 22 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 14 AR 144416 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.73.144416 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 037NU UT WOS:000237154500056 ER PT J AU Cricchio, F Belonoshko, AB Burakovsky, L Preston, DL Ahuja, R AF Cricchio, F Belonoshko, AB Burakovsky, L Preston, DL Ahuja, R TI High-pressure melting of lead SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ULTRAHIGH-PRESSURE; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; TEMPERATURES; EQUATION; METALS; STATE; CORE; IRON; DIFFRACTION; COMPRESSION AB The melting curve of the hexagonal close-packed (hcp) phase of lead (Pb) has been determined over a wide pressure range using both ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations and classical molecular dynamics (CMD) employing an effective pair potential. The AIMD simulations are based on a density functional theory (DFT) in the generalized gradient approximation (GGA). The Pb melting curve, constructed using a well-established theoretical scheme, is in excellent agreement with the AIMD results. Our calculated equation of state (EOS) of hcp Pb is in excellent agreement with experimental data up to 40 GPa. Our melting curve agrees very well with melting temperatures obtained in both shock-wave and diamond-anvil cell (DAC) experiments, but at higher pressures our curve lies between the two data sets. C1 Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys, Condensed Matter Theory Grp, SE-75121 Uppsala, Sweden. Royal Inst Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden. Royal Inst Technol, AlbaNova Univ Ctr, Condensed Matter Theory Grp, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Cricchio, F (reprint author), Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys, Condensed Matter Theory Grp, POB 530, SE-75121 Uppsala, Sweden. OI Belonoshko, Anatoly/0000-0001-7531-3210 NR 33 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 14 AR 140103 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.73.140103 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 037NU UT WOS:000237154500003 ER PT J AU Demchenko, DO Wang, LW AF Demchenko, DO Wang, LW TI Optical transitions and nature of Stokes shift in spherical CdS quantum dots SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; EXCITON-STATES; NANOCRYSTALS; EXCHANGE; ENERGY; ABSORPTION; EQUATION; COULOMB; DARK AB We study the structure of the energy spectra along with the character of the states participating in optical transitions in colloidal CdS quantum dots using the ab initio accuracy charge patching method combined with the folded spectrum calculations of electronic structure of thousand-atom nanostructures. In particular, attention is paid to the nature of the large resonant Stokes shift observed in CdS quantum dots. We find that the top of the valence-band state is bright, in contrast with the results of numerous k(.)p calculations, and determine the limits of applicability of the k(.)p approach. The calculated electron-hole exchange splitting suggests the spin-forbidden valence state may explain the nature of the '' dark exciton '' in CdS quantum dots. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Demchenko, DO (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 34 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 15 AR 155326 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.73.155326 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 037OA UT WOS:000237155100076 ER PT J AU Dordevic, SV Homes, CC Gu, GD Si, W Wang, YJ AF Dordevic, SV Homes, CC Gu, GD Si, W Wang, YJ TI Effect of a magnetic field on the electron-boson spectral function of cuprate superconductors SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTOR; ANTIFERROMAGNETIC ORDER; INFRARED PROPERTIES; SPIN EXCITATIONS; RESONANCE; OXIDE AB We have performed magneto-optical measurements on a series of high-T-c superconductors with magnetic field up to 18 T. Similar to previous reports in smaller fields, the results reveal that the optical constants, both in the normal and superconducting state, of several families of high-T-c cuprates are completely insensitive to the application of external magnetic field. These magneto-optical results seem to indicate that either the bosonic mode responsible for pairing is not magnetic in origin, or the charge carriers are not very strongly coupled to it. We discuss the results within the existing theoretical models. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. RP Dordevic, SV (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Gu, Genda/D-5410-2013 OI Gu, Genda/0000-0002-9886-3255 NR 23 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 13 AR 132501 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.73.132501 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 037NN UT WOS:000237153800018 ER PT J AU Fishman, RS Popescu, F Alvarez, G Maier, T Moreno, J AF Fishman, RS Popescu, F Alvarez, G Maier, T Moreno, J TI Short-range ordered phase of the double-exchange model in infinite dimensions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID TO-POLARON CROSSOVER; MEAN-FIELD THEORY; SPIN-GLASS; COLOSSAL-MAGNETORESISTANCE; FERROMAGNETIC TRANSITION; BETHE LATTICE; TEMPERATURE; MANGANITES; SUSCEPTIBILITY; APPROXIMATION AB Using the dynamical mean-field theory, we have evaluated the magnetic instabilities and T=0 phase diagram of the double-exchange model on a Bethe lattice in infinite dimensions. In addition to ferromagnetic (FM) and antiferromagnetic (AF) phases, we also study a class of disordered phases with magnetic short-range order (SRO). In the weak-coupling limit, a SRO phase has a higher transition temperature than the AF phase for all fillings p below 1 and can even have a higher transition temperature than the FM phase. At T=0 and for small Hund's coupling J(H), a SRO state has lower energy than either the FM or AF phases for 0.26 <= p < 1. Phase separation is absent in the J(H)-> 0 limit but appears for any nonzero value of J(H). C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Florida State Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ N Dakota, Dept Phys, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. RP Fishman, RS (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Moreno, Juana/D-5882-2012; Fishman, Randy/C-8639-2013; Maier, Thomas/F-6759-2012 OI Maier, Thomas/0000-0002-1424-9996 NR 34 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 14 AR 140405 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.73.140405 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 037NU UT WOS:000237154500008 ER PT J AU Fitzsimmons, MR Park, S Dumesnil, K Dufour, C Pynn, R Borchers, JA Rhyne, JJ Mangin, P AF Fitzsimmons, MR Park, S Dumesnil, K Dufour, C Pynn, R Borchers, JA Rhyne, JJ Mangin, P TI Vector magnetization depth profile of a Laves-phase exchange-coupled superlattice obtained using a combined approach of micromagnetic simulation and neutron reflectometry SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID THIN-FILMS; GD/FE MULTILAYERS; SPRING MAGNET; SCATTERING; BEHAVIOR; ANISOTROPY AB Owing to the coexistence of ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic exchange coupling in an exchange-coupled Laves-phase superlattice composed of DyFe2 and YFe2 layers, the field dependence of the magnetization depth profile is complex. Using an approach that combines micromagnetic simulation and analysis of neutron scattering data, we have obtained the depth dependence of magnetization across the DyFe2/YFe2 interfaces. We find that the exchange interaction across the interface is reduced compared to the exchange interaction of the constituent layers, thereby compromising the ability of this system to resist magnetization reversal in large applied fields. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. Univ H Poincare Nancy 1, Phys Mat Lab, F-54506 Vandoeuvre Les Nancy, France. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. CEA Saclay, CNRS, UMR 12, Leon Brillouin Lab, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. RP Fitzsimmons, MR (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012; OI DUMESNIL, Karine/0000-0002-2304-4490 NR 38 TC 28 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 13 AR 134413 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.73.134413 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 037NN UT WOS:000237153800067 ER PT J AU Goossens, DJ Welberry, TR Hagen, ME Fernandez-Baca, JA AF Goossens, DJ Welberry, TR Hagen, ME Fernandez-Baca, JA TI Structural phase transition in deuterated benzil C14D10O2: Neutron inelastic scattering SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID 110 DEGREES K; RAMAN-SCATTERING; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; MAGNETIC EXCITATIONS; CRYSTALLINE BENZIL; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; SOFT-PHONON; SRTIO3; SPECTROSCOPY; BEHAVIOR AB Neutron inelastic scattering has been used to examine the structural phase transition in deuterated benzil C14D10O2. The transition in benzil, in which the unit cell goes from a trigonal P3(1)21 unit cell above T-C to a cell doubled P2(1) unit cell below T-C, leads to the emergence of a Bragg peak at the M-point of the high temperature Brillouin zone. It has previously been suggested that the softening of a transverse optic phonon at the Gamma-point leads to the triggering of an instability at the M-point causing the transition to occur. This suggestion has been investigated by measuring the phonon spectrum at the M-point for a range of temperatures above T-C and the phonon dispersion relation along the Gamma-M direction just above T-C. It is found that the transverse acoustic phonon at the M-point is of lower energy than the Gamma-point optic mode and has a softening with temperature as T approaches T-C from above that is much faster than that of the Gamma-point optic mode. This behavior is inconsistent with the view that the Gamma-point mode is responsible for triggering the phase transition. Rather the structural phase transition in benzil appears to be driven by a conventional soft TA mode at the M-point. C1 Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Chem, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Spallat Neutron Source, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Neutron Scattering, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Goossens, DJ (reprint author), Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Chem, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. EM goossens@rsc.anu.edu.au RI Fernandez-Baca, Jaime/C-3984-2014; Welberry, Thomas/H-7847-2014; OI Fernandez-Baca, Jaime/0000-0001-9080-5096; Welberry, Thomas/0000-0002-6906-9191; Goossens, Darren/0000-0003-0776-2692 NR 43 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 13 AR 134116 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.73.134116 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 037NN UT WOS:000237153800045 ER PT J AU Guziewicz, E Durakiewicz, T Oppeneer, PM Joyce, JJ Thompson, JD Olson, CG Butterfield, MT Wojakowski, A Moore, DP Arko, AJ AF Guziewicz, E Durakiewicz, T Oppeneer, PM Joyce, JJ Thompson, JD Olson, CG Butterfield, MT Wojakowski, A Moore, DP Arko, AJ TI Angle-resolved photoemission study of dispersive and narrow-band 5f states in UAsSe SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; ELECTRICAL-RESISTIVITY; NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; DELTA-PLUTONIUM; URANIUM; METALS; FERROMAGNETS; MAGNETISM AB Single crystals of ferromagnetic UAsSe have been investigated by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) in the photon energy range between 20 eV and 110 eV. Electron kinetic energy intensities are collected as a function of angle and mapped onto the materials reciprocal space. Energy-band mapping has been carried out both for a several-eV-wide energy interval as well as for a narrow energy interval of less than 1 eV from the Fermi energy. The main features of the deduced energy bands can be explained by band-structure calculations. In the interval close to the Fermi energy, the very high energy and momentum resolution allows the observation of a narrow, yet dispersive photoemission peak mainly of 5f character situated within 50 meV of the Fermi energy. The Lorentzian linewidth was found to be about 35 meV with a dispersion of 30 meV along the Gamma to Z direction and 40 meV dispersion along the Gamma to X direction in the Brillouin zone. We have also found broader (linewidth about 70 meV), hybridized f-character bands with a conventional dispersion of about 1 eV along the Gamma to X and the Z to R directions in the Brillouin zone. An intriguing electronic structure emerges for UAsSe in which both relatively dispersive and narrow 5f bands are present. The occurrence of 5f-band dispersions stipulates that the electronic structure of UAsSe requires lattice periodicity to be taken into account. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Polish Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Warsaw, Poland. Univ Uppsala, Dept Phys, S-75121 Uppsala, Sweden. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Polish Acad Sci, Inst Low Temp & Struct Res, Wroclaw, Poland. RP Guziewicz, E (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM Elzbieta.Guziewicz@ifpan.edu.pl RI Guziewicz, Elzbieta/S-4910-2016; OI Guziewicz, Elzbieta/0000-0001-6158-5258; Moore, David/0000-0002-0645-587X NR 48 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 15 AR 155119 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.73.155119 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 037OA UT WOS:000237155100043 ER PT J AU Helgren, E Zeng, L Burch, K Basov, D Hellman, F AF Helgren, E Zeng, L Burch, K Basov, D Hellman, F TI Field- and concentration-tuned scaling of a quantum phase transition in a magnetically doped semiconductor SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID METAL-INSULATOR-TRANSITION; DISORDERED-SYSTEMS; SI-B; CONDUCTIVITY; ALLOYS AB Scaling analysis was performed on families of DC and AC conductivity curves falling on the metallic and insulating sides of the metal-insulator transition in the amorphous magnetically doped semiconductor, a-GdxSi1-x. The transport curves were obtained both as a function of discretely varying both the gadolinium dopant concentration, x, and separately by changing an applied magnetic field, H. Both tuning parameters result in correlation length exponents of nu=1 and dynamical scaling exponents of z=2. Temperature-frequency results differ markedly as compared to previous work on the nonmagnetic analog a-NbxSi1-x. Our data also indicate a broader than predicted parameter space showing quantum critical behavior, and a phenomenologically determined quantum critical line in the zero temperature x-H plane is presented. The results are explained in terms of a single tunable parameter, namely disorder. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Mat Sci Program, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, MST, CINT, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Helgren, E (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Zeng, Li/B-5932-2008; MSD, Nanomag/F-6438-2012 NR 25 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 15 AR 155201 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.73.155201 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 037OA UT WOS:000237155100045 ER PT J AU Ijaduola, AO Thompson, JR Feenstra, R Christen, DK Gapud, AA Song, X AF Ijaduola, AO Thompson, JR Feenstra, R Christen, DK Gapud, AA Song, X TI Critical currents of ex situ YBa2Cu3O7-delta thin films on rolling assisted biaxially textured substrates: Thickness, field, and temperature dependencies SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID CRITICAL-CURRENT DENSITIES; PULSED-LASER DEPOSITION; COATED CONDUCTORS; II SUPERCONDUCTORS; CONVERSION; VORTICES; TAPES; GRAIN AB The critical current density J(c) flowing in thin YBa2Cu3O7-delta (YBCO) films of various thicknesses d has been studied magnetometrically, both as a function of applied field H and temperature T, with a central objective to determine the dominant source of vortex pinning in these materials. The films, grown by a BaF2 ex situ process and deposited on buffered rolling assisted biaxially textured substrates ("RABiTS") substrates of Ni-5% W, have thicknesses d ranging from 28 nm to 1.5 mu m. Isothermal magnetization loops M(H;T) and remanent magnetization M-rem(T) in H=0 were measured with H parallel to c-axis (i.e., normal to film plane). The resulting J(c)(d) values (obtained from a modified critical state model) increase with thickness d, peak near d similar to 120 nm, and thereafter decrease as the films get thicker. For a wide range of temperatures and intermediate fields, we find J(c)proportional to H-alpha with alpha similar to(0.56-0.69) for all materials. This feature can be attributed to pinning by large random defects, which theoretically has power-law exponent alpha=5/8. Calculated values for the size and density of defects are comparable with those observed by TEM in the films. As a function of temperature, we find J(c)(T,sf)similar to[1-(T/T-c)(2)](n) with n similar to 1.2-1.4. This points to "delta T-c pinning" (pinning that suppresses T-c locally) in these YBCO materials. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Appl Superconduct Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Ijaduola, AO (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. OI Gapud, Albert/0000-0001-9048-9230 NR 45 TC 45 Z9 46 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 13 AR 134502 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.73.134502 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 037NN UT WOS:000237153800085 ER PT J AU Kaspar, TC Droubay, T Shutthanandan, V Heald, SM Wang, CM McCready, DE Thevuthasan, S Bryan, JD Gamelin, DR Kellock, AJ Toney, MF Hong, X Ahn, CH Chambers, SA AF Kaspar, TC Droubay, T Shutthanandan, V Heald, SM Wang, CM McCready, DE Thevuthasan, S Bryan, JD Gamelin, DR Kellock, AJ Toney, MF Hong, X Ahn, CH Chambers, SA TI Ferromagnetism and structure of epitaxial Cr-doped anatase TiO2 thin films SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID DILUTED MAGNETIC SEMICONDUCTORS; MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; TEMPERATURE FERROMAGNETISM; GROWTH; OXIDES; ACTIVATION; EXCHANGE; RUTILE; METAL; SNO2 AB The materials and magnetic properties of Cr-doped anatase TiO2 thin films deposited on LaAlO3(001) and SrTiO3(001) substrates by oxygen-plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy have been studied in detail to elucidate the origin of ferromagnetic ordering. Cr substitution for Ti in the anatase lattice, with no evidence of Cr interstitials, segregation, or secondary phases, was independently confirmed by transmission electron microscopy with energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, extended x-ray absorption fine structure, and Rutherford backscattering spectrometry in the channeling geometry. Epitaxial films deposited at similar to 0.1 angstrom/s were found to have a highly defected crystalline structure, as quantified by high-resolution x-ray diffraction (XRD). These films were also ferromagnetic at room temperature with a moment of similar to 0.5 mu(B)/Cr, Curie temperatures in the range of 400-700 degrees C, and exhibited shape and in-plane magnetocrystalline anisotropy. However, no free carrier spin polarization was observed by Hall effect measurements, raising questions about the mechanism of magnetism. Films deposited slowly (similar to 0.015 angstrom/s) possessed a nearly perfect crystalline structure as characterized by XRD. Contrary to expectations, these films exhibited negligible ferromagnetism at all Cr concentrations. Annealing in vacuum to generate additional oxygen defects and free carrier electrons did not significantly increase the ferromagnetic ordering in either fast- or slow-grown films. These results contradict both oxygen-vacancy-derived free-carrier-mediated exchange and F-center-mediated bound magnetic polaron exchange mechanisms, and instead indicate the primary role of extended structural defects in mediating the ferromagnetic ordering in doped anatase films. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental Sci Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Chem, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. IBM Corp, Almaden Res Ctr, San Jose, CA 95120 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. Yale Univ, Dept Appl Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Kaspar, TC (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental Sci Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM sa.chambers@pnl.gov RI Hong, Xia/B-6710-2014; Droubay, Tim/D-5395-2016 OI Hong, Xia/0000-0002-7873-5774; Droubay, Tim/0000-0002-8821-0322 NR 47 TC 65 Z9 65 U1 4 U2 40 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 15 AR 155327 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.73.155327 PG 12 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 037OA UT WOS:000237155100077 ER PT J AU Kim, SH Hwang, S Shon, YS Ogletree, DF Salmeron, M AF Kim, SH Hwang, S Shon, YS Ogletree, DF Salmeron, M TI Electronic interactions between gold nanoclusters in constrained geometries SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID METAL-INSULATOR-TRANSITION; SURFACE FORCES APPARATUS; STRUCTURAL FORCES; ARTIFICIAL SOLIDS; MICA SURFACES; QUANTUM DOTS; CLUSTERS; NANOPARTICLES; NANOCRYSTALS; SPECTROSCOPY AB The interactions between gold nanoclusters dispersed in decane (C10H22) when confined in narrow gaps of a few nanometers were investigated. The diameter of the gold core was 1.8 nm. The clusters were capped off with alkanethiol molecules of different lengths (C6S and C15S) to prevent metallic contact with each other. By applying force to the gap walls, the cluster suspension was squeezed out of the gap in a nearly continuous way. In the case of the shorter ligand C6S, the width of the minimum gap at the highest applied force was 7 nm (similar to 3 cluster diameters). In contrast with the continuous decrease in thickness, the gap capacitance exhibited stepwise increases, which are interpreted as Mott type insulator-to-metal transition of aggregates of clusters under pressure when the average distance between the metallic cores becomes less than similar to 1 nm. With longer ligands, C15S, the thickness of the minimum gap was 12-15 nm. In that case, no discontinuous steps in thickness or capacitance were observed, showing that the longer ligand effectively prevents exchange interactions between the metallic cores of the nanoclusters. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Western Kentucky Univ, Dept Chem, Bowling Green, KY 42101 USA. RP Salmeron, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM mbsalmeron@lbl.gov RI Kim, Sang Hoon/A-4645-2013; Ogletree, D Frank/D-9833-2016; OI Kim, Sang Hoon/0000-0002-5032-4658; Ogletree, D Frank/0000-0002-8159-0182; Shon, Young-Seok/0000-0003-4765-6130 NR 33 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 15 AR 155406 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.73.155406 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 037OA UT WOS:000237155100093 ER PT J AU Kuz'min, MD Chernyshov, AS Pecharsky, VK Gschneidner, KA Tishin, AM AF Kuz'min, MD Chernyshov, AS Pecharsky, VK Gschneidner, KA Tishin, AM TI Temperature dependence of the ferromagnetic order parameter in Gd, Tb, and Dy SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SPONTANEOUS MAGNETIZATION; ISOTROPIC FERROMAGNET; PHASE-TRANSITIONS AB Temperature dependence of spontaneous magnetization, M-s(T), corresponding to the single-domain ferromagnetic state, has been studied experimentally using high-purity single crystals of Gd, Tb, and Dy. The resulting M-s(T) curves follow the "3/2-5/2-1/3 law." Anomalies due to the crystal-field gap and to the helix-ferromagnet transition in Tb and Dy are practically indiscernible. C1 IFW Dresden, Leibniz Inst Festkorper & Werkstofforsch, D-01171 Dresden, Germany. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Dept Phys, Moscow 119992, Russia. RP Kuz'min, MD (reprint author), IFW Dresden, Leibniz Inst Festkorper & Werkstofforsch, PF 270116, D-01171 Dresden, Germany. RI Tishin, Alexander/E-8705-2014 OI Tishin, Alexander/0000-0003-2252-7279 NR 17 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 3 U2 6 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 13 AR 132403 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.73.132403 PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 037NN UT WOS:000237153800010 ER PT J AU Lai, K Lu, TM Pan, W Tsui, DC Lyon, S Liu, J Xie, YH Muhlberger, M Schaffler, F AF Lai, K Lu, TM Pan, W Tsui, DC Lyon, S Liu, J Xie, YH Muhlberger, M Schaffler, F TI Valley splitting of Si/Si1-xGex heterostructures in tilted magnetic fields SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID 2-DIMENSIONAL ELECTRON-GAS; INVERSION LAYER; ENERGY-LEVELS; SI; APPROXIMATION; PHASE AB We have investigated the valley splitting of two-dimensional electrons in high-quality Si/Si1-xGex heterostructures under tilted magnetic fields. For all the samples in our study, the valley splitting at filling factor nu=3 (Delta(3)) is significantly different before and after the coincidence angle, at which energy levels cross at the Fermi level. On both sides of the coincidence, a linear dependence of Delta(3) on the electron density was observed, while the slope of these two configurations differs by more than a factor of 2. We argue that screening of the Coulomb interaction from the low-lying filled levels, which also explains the observed spin-dependent resistivity, is responsible for the large difference of Delta(3) before and after the coincidence. C1 Princeton Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Linz, Inst Halbleiterphys, A-4040 Linz, Austria. RP Lai, K (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RI Lu, Tzu-Ming/A-2625-2008; Muhlberger, Michael/A-6586-2010; Schaffler, Friedrich/C-7026-2017; OI Schaffler, Friedrich/0000-0002-7093-2554; Muhlberger, Michael/0000-0001-7542-8552 NR 22 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 16 AR 161301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.73.161301 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 037OG UT WOS:000237155800006 ER PT J AU Lee, B Wang, LW AF Lee, B Wang, LW TI Electronic structure of zinc-blende AlxGa1-xN: Screened-exchange study SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL CALCULATIONS; BAND-STRUCTURE; ALLOYS; GAN; PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; SEMICONDUCTORS; DIODES; ALN AB We present a first principle investigation of the electronic structure and the band gap bowing parameter of zinc-blende AlxGa1-xN using both local density approximation and screened-exchange density functional method. The calculated screened exchange local density approximation (sX-LDA) band gaps for GaN and AlN are 95% and 90% of the experimentally observed values, respectively, while LDA underestimates the gaps to 62% and 70%. In contrast to the gap itself, the band gap bowing parameter is found to be very similar in sX-LDA and LDA. Because of the difference in the conduction band structure, the direct to indirect band gap crossover is predicted to occur at different Al concentration. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Computat Res Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Computat Res Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM bhlee@lbl.gov NR 22 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 15 AR 153309 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.73.153309 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 037OA UT WOS:000237155100016 ER PT J AU Maddox, BR Yoo, CS Kasinathan, D Pickett, WE Scalettar, RT AF Maddox, BR Yoo, CS Kasinathan, D Pickett, WE Scalettar, RT TI High-pressure structure of half-metallic CrO2 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; PHASE-TRANSITION; RUTILE-TYPE; RAMAN-SPECTRUM; STISHOVITE; COMPRESSIBILITY; COLLAPSE; DIOXIDES AB Evidence for a structural phase transition from rutile alpha-CrO2 phase I (P4(2)/mnm) to orthorhombic beta-CrO2 phase II (CaCl2-like, Pnnm) is presented using angle-resolved synchrotron x-ray diffraction and high-sensitivity confocal Raman spectroscopy. The transition to the CaCl2 structure, which appears to be second order, occurs at 12 +/- 3 GPa without any measurable discontinuity in volume, but is accompanied by an apparent increase in compressibility. Raman data are also presented to show further evidence for a second-order structural phase transition as well to demonstrate soft-mode behavior of the B-1g phonon mode. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Maddox, BR (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RI Kasinathan, Deepa/M-8825-2015 OI Kasinathan, Deepa/0000-0002-9063-6867 NR 35 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 17 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 14 AR 144111 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.73.144111 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 037NU UT WOS:000237154500030 ER PT J AU Maniv, T Zhuravlev, V Wosnitza, J Ignatchik, O Bergk, B Canfield, PC AF Maniv, T Zhuravlev, V Wosnitza, J Ignatchik, O Bergk, B Canfield, PC TI Broadening of the superconducting transition by fluctuations in three-dimensional metals at high magnetic fields SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID VAN-ALPHEN OSCILLATIONS; VORTEX-LIQUID-STATE; II SUPERCONDUCTORS; PERTURBATION-SERIES; TUNNELING SPECTROSCOPY; FERMI-SURFACE; YNI2B2C; LATTICE; HEAT; GAP AB The Bragg-chain model of the two-dimensional (2D) vortex state at high magnetic field [V. N. Zhuravlev and T. Maniv, Phys. Rev. B 60, 4277 (1999)] is extended to an array of coupled superconducting (SC) layers. Application to MgB2 and YNi2B2C yields good quantitative agreement with high-field magnetization measurements, indicating that the smeared transitions observed in these materials are, at least in great part, due to SC fluctuations. Similar to the situation in a 2D system, the melting of the vortex lattice in strongly coupled SC layers is predicted to occur well below the mean field H-c2. C1 Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Chem, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. Forschungszentrum Rossendorf EV, HLD, D-01314 Dresden, Germany. Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Festkorperphys, D-01062 Dresden, Germany. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Maniv, T (reprint author), Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Chem, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. RI Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014 NR 42 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 13 AR 134521 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.73.134521 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 037NN UT WOS:000237153800104 ER PT J AU Meersschaut, J L'abbe, C Almeida, FM Jiang, JS Pearson, J Welp, U Gierlings, M Maletta, H Bader, SD AF Meersschaut, J L'abbe, C Almeida, FM Jiang, JS Pearson, J Welp, U Gierlings, M Maletta, H Bader, SD TI Hard-axis magnetization behavior and the surface spin-flop transition in antiferromagnetic Fe/Cr(100) superlattices SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID LAYERS AB We investigated the hard-axis magnetization behavior of a biaxial antiferromagnetic Fe/Cr(100) superlattice. We discovered a surface spin-flop transition that separates the field-induced nonsymmetric state at low fields and the symmetric twisted state at higher fields. We studied the transition via realistic model calculations using the Landau-Lifshitz equations of motion, via stray field observations using magneto-optic indicator film imaging, and via polarized-neutron reflectivity measurements. C1 Katholieke Univ Leuven, Inst Kern & Stralingsfys, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium. Katholieke Univ Leuven, INPAC, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Hahn Meitner Inst Berlin GmbH, D-14109 Berlin, Germany. RP Meersschaut, J (reprint author), Katholieke Univ Leuven, Inst Kern & Stralingsfys, Celestijnenlaan 200D, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium. EM Johan.Meersschaut@fys.kuleuven.be RI Bader, Samuel/A-2995-2013 NR 20 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 14 AR 144428 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.73.144428 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 037NU UT WOS:000237154500068 ER PT J AU Moore, JD Perkins, GK Bugoslavsky, Y Cohen, LF Chattopadhyay, MK Roy, SB Chaddah, P Gschneidner, KA Pecharsky, VK AF Moore, JD Perkins, GK Bugoslavsky, Y Cohen, LF Chattopadhyay, MK Roy, SB Chaddah, P Gschneidner, KA Pecharsky, VK TI Correlating the local magnetic properties of the magnetic phase transition in Gd5Ge4 using scanning Hall probe imaging SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID DOPED MANGANITES AB We present a study of scanning Hall probe imaging on a bulk sample of the prototype giant magnetocaloric material Gd5Ge4 across the magnetic field-induced antiferromagnetic to ferromagnetic and the reverse ferromagnetic to antiferromagnetic transitions at 35 K. We confirm that the sample presents phase coexistence of both antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic phases through the crossover region in the field-temperature plane indicative of the first order nature of the phase transition. By studying the features of the local magnetization-field loops corresponding to the pixel size of 30 mu m x 30 mu m across the entire image region we show that the two magnetic transitions are not spatially symmetric and, therefore, are not governed entirely by static inhomogeneity. Our work adds further support to the idea that random strain fields play a considerable role in defining the magnetic behavior across the field driven transition. C1 Blackett Lab, London SW7 2BZ, England. Raja Ramanna Ctr Adv Technol, Magnet & Supercond Mat Sect, Indore 452013, India. UGC, DAE, Consortium Sci Res, Indore 452017, India. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Moore, JD (reprint author), Blackett Lab, Prince Consort Rd, London SW7 2BZ, England. NR 26 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 14 AR 144426 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.73.144426 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 037NU UT WOS:000237154500066 ER PT J AU Norman, MR Chubukov, AV AF Norman, MR Chubukov, AV TI High-frequency behavior of the infrared conductivity of cuprates SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID T-C SUPERCONDUCTORS; NORMAL STATE; PHENOMENOLOGY; YBA2CU3O7; SPECTRA; METALS; LIQUID; MODE AB We analyze recent infrared conductivity data in the normal state of the cuprates. We find that the high-frequency behavior, which has been suggested as evidence for quantum-critical scaling, is generally characteristic of electrons interacting with a broad spectrum of bosons. From explicit calculations, we find a frequency exponent for the modulus of the conductivity, and a phase angle, in good agreement with experiment. The data indicate an upper cutoff of the boson spectrum of the order of 300 meV. This implies that the bosons are of electronic origin rather than phonons. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Norman, MR (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Norman, Michael/C-3644-2013 NR 22 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 14 AR 140501 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.73.140501 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 037NU UT WOS:000237154500013 ER PT J AU Opeil, CP Schulze, RK Manley, ME Lashley, JC Hults, WL Hanrahan, RJ Smith, JL Mihaila, B Blagoev, KB Albers, RC Littlewood, PB AF Opeil, CP Schulze, RK Manley, ME Lashley, JC Hults, WL Hanrahan, RJ Smith, JL Mihaila, B Blagoev, KB Albers, RC Littlewood, PB TI Valence-band UPS, 6p core-level XPS, and LEED of a uranium (001) single crystal SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-PHOTOELECTRON; HEAVY-ELECTRON METALS; ALPHA-URANIUM; ELASTIC MODULI; THIN-LAYERS; TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE; PHASE-TRANSITION; LIGHT ACTINIDES; SPECTROSCOPY; THORIUM AB Valence-band ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy (UPS) at 173 K and 6p core-level x-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) at room temperature were performed on a high quality uranium single crystal. Significant agreement is found with first-principles electronic band-structure calculations, using a generalized gradient approximation (GGA). In addition, using low energy electron diffraction (LEED) for the (001) surface, we find a well-ordered orthorhombic crystallographic structure representative of the bulk material. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Cavendish Lab, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England. RP Opeil, CP (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Cavendish, TCM/C-9489-2009; Littlewood, Peter/B-7746-2008; Mihaila, Bogdan/D-8795-2013; Manley, Michael/N-4334-2015; OI Mihaila, Bogdan/0000-0002-1489-8814; Schulze, Roland/0000-0002-6601-817X NR 60 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 23 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 16 AR 165109 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.73.165109 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 037OG UT WOS:000237155800022 ER PT J AU Paudyal, D Pecharsky, VK Gschneidner, KA Harmon, BN AF Paudyal, D Pecharsky, VK Gschneidner, KA Harmon, BN TI Electron correlation effects on the magnetostructural transition and magnetocaloric effect in Gd5Si2Ge2 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ADIABATIC TEMPERATURE-CHANGE; PHASE-TRANSITION; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; GIANT MAGNETORESISTANCE; CORRELATION-ENERGY; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; GD(0001) SURFACE; ENTROPY CHANGE; GD-5(SIXGE1-X)(4); GD-5(SI2GE2) AB Electron correlation effects on the electronic structure of Gd5Si2Ge2 have been studied using the tight binding linear muffin-tin orbital method within the framework of the local spin density approximation with the Coulomb correlation parameter approach. The magnetostructural transition temperature (T-M) and the magnetocaloric effect (isothermal magnetic entropy change, Delta S-M) have been calculated using this method by applying the scalar relativistic band theory and the nonlocal exchange correlation parametrization of the exchange correlation potential together with a magnetothermodynamic model. Both T-M and Delta S-M are in good agreement with experimental values. C1 Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Mat & Engn Phys Program, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Condensed Matter Phys Program, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Pecharsky, VK (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Mat & Engn Phys Program, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM vitkp@ameslab.gov NR 60 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 2 U2 13 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 14 AR 144406 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.73.144406 PG 12 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 037NU UT WOS:000237154500046 ER PT J AU Reehuis, M Ulrich, C Prokes, K Gozar, A Blumberg, G Komiya, S Ando, Y Pattison, P Keimer, B AF Reehuis, M Ulrich, C Prokes, K Gozar, A Blumberg, G Komiya, S Ando, Y Pattison, P Keimer, B TI Crystal structure and high-field magnetism of La2CuO4 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID NEUTRON-SCATTERING; TRANSITION; ANTIFERROMAGNETISM; ORDER; PURE AB Neutron diffraction was used to determine the crystal structure and magnetic ordering pattern of a La2CuO4 single crystal, with and without applied magnetic field. A previously unreported, subtle monoclinic distortion of the crystal structure away from the orthorhombic space group Bmab was detected. The distortion is also present in lightly Sr-doped crystals. A refinement of the crystal structure shows that the deviation from orthorhombic symmetry is predominantly determined to drive a continuous reorientation of the copper spins from the orthorhombic b axis to the c axis, directly confirming predictions based on prior magnetoresistance and Raman scattering experiments. A spin-flop transition induced by a c-axis oriented field previously reported for nonstoichiometric La2CuO4 is also observed, but the transition field (11.5 T) is significantly larger than that in the previous work. C1 Max Planck Inst Festkorperforsch, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. Hahn Meitner Inst Berlin GmbH, D-14109 Berlin, Germany. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Bell Labs, Lucent Technol, Murray Hill, NJ 07974 USA. Cent Res Inst Elect Power Ind, Komae, Tokyo 2018511, Japan. ESRF, SNBL, F-38042 Grenoble 9, France. Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Crystallog Lab, BSP Dorigny, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. RP Reehuis, M (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Festkorperforsch, Heisenbergstr 1, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. RI Ando, Yoichi/B-8163-2013; Reehuis, Manfred/J-3383-2013 OI Ando, Yoichi/0000-0002-3553-3355; Reehuis, Manfred/0000-0002-6461-4074 NR 32 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 3 U2 19 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 14 AR 144513 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.73.144513 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 037NU UT WOS:000237154500083 ER PT J AU Samara, GA Barnes, CE AF Samara, GA Barnes, CE TI Pressure dependence of the configurational bistability and deep electronic levels of the MFe center in InP SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID DEFORMATION POTENTIALS; BISTABLE DEFECT; NATIVE DEFECTS; DOPED SILICON; SEMICONDUCTORS; RELAXATION; VACANCIES; MODEL; EDGE AB The influence of hydrostatic pressure on the structural bistability and electronic properties of the processing-induced MFe center in Fe-doped n-type InP was investigated. Earlier work has shown that, when occupied by electrons, the center can be reversibly placed in either of two configurations, termed A and B, by the proper choice of electric biasing conditions and temperature. Pressure strongly modifies the energetics and kinetics of the various electronic transitions and of the transformations associated with the center. The activation volumes (Delta V-*) for these processes were determined. In the absence of barriers to electron capture, or for small barriers, Delta V-* can be interpreted as the breathing mode relaxation associated with electron emission or capture. At pressures >= 8 kbar, the center exists only in the A configuration regardless of bias conditions, because at these pressures the energetics and kinetics of the various processes have changed so much as to always favor the A configuration. It is also shown that, whereas the A -><- B transformations are charge state controlled at 1 bar, this is not the case at high pressure where the transformations can be brought about without electron emission or hole capture. Earlier tentative atomic models for the center are discussed, and it is shown that some features of one of the models including the signs of the breathing mode relaxations associated with the various electron emissions are consistent with the experimental results, but issues remain. The results are also found to be generally consistent with first-principles calculations on defects in InP, but it is emphasized that whereas these calculations are for simple defects, the defects associated with the MFe center are more complex. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Samara, GA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 15 AR 155206 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.73.155206 PG 11 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 037OA UT WOS:000237155100050 ER PT J AU Sonier, JE Hundley, MF Thompson, JD AF Sonier, JE Hundley, MF Thompson, JD TI Effect of delocalized vortex core states on the specific heat of Nb SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID S-WAVE SUPERCONDUCTORS; DENSITY-OF-STATES; II SUPERCONDUCTORS; FERMI-SURFACE; 2H-NBSE2; LINES; GAP AB The magnetic field (B) dependence of the electronic specific heat for a simple BCS type-II superconductor has been determined from measurements on pure niobium (Nb). Contrary to expectations, the electronic specific heat coefficient gamma(T,B) is observed to be a sublinear function of B at fields above the lower critical field H-c1. This behavior is attributed to the delocalization of quasiparticles bound to the vortex cores. The results underscore the ambiguity of interpretation that arises in specific heat studies of this kind on newly discovered type-II superconductors, and also emphasize the need to do such measurements under field-cooled conditions. C1 Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Phys, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. Canadian Inst Adv Res, Toronto, ON M5G 1Z8, Canada. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Sonier, JE (reprint author), Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Phys, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. NR 23 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 13 AR 132504 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.73.132504 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 037NN UT WOS:000237153800021 ER PT J AU Sorescu, DC AF Sorescu, DC TI First-principles calculations of the adsorption and hydrogenation reactions of CHx(x=0,4) species on a Fe(100) surface SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID GENERALIZED GRADIENT APPROXIMATION; INITIO MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; SULFUR MODIFIED FE(100); AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; ULTRASOFT PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; BASIS-SET; CARBON-MONOXIDE; 1ST PRINCIPLES; CO AB A previous set of investigations related to adsorption, diffusion, and dissociation properties of CO [D. C. Sorescu, D. L. Thompson, M. M. Hurley, and C. F. Chabalowski, Phys. Rev. B 66, 035416 (2002)] and H-2 [D. C. Sorescu, Catal. Today 105, 44 (2005)] on Fe(100) surface have been extended to the case of chemisorption properties of CHx (x=0,4) species on the same surface. Similar to our previous studies, the current work is based on first-principles plane-wave calculations using spin-polarized density functional theory (DFT) and the generalized gradient approximation (GGA). The calculations employ slab geometry and periodic boundary conditions. It was determined that CHx (x=0,2) species preferentially adsorb at the four-folded sites while the CH3 species prefer the binding at the bridge site. In contradistinction, the CH4 molecule is only weakly physisorbed on the surface, independent of surface site or molecular orientation. In the case of the C atom, the adsorption investigations have been extended to include both the coverage effects as well as the possibility for absorption at subsurface sites. The presence of the C atom at either hollow or subsurface sites was found to increase the stability of the other atomic (C, H, O) and molecular or radical species [CO, CHx (x=1,4)] adsorbed on the surface. Beside chemisorption properties, the activation energies for surface diffusion have been determined for all individual CHx (x=0,3)species while in the case of C atom diffusion to subsurface sites have also been considered. Finally, we have determined the minimum energy path for the elementary hydrogenation reactions of CHx (x=0,3) species. We found that for the ensemble of surface processes involving dissociation of CO and H-2 on Fe(100) surface followed by hydrogenation of CHx (x=0,3) species with formation of CH4, the CO dissociation is the rate determining step with an activation energy of 24.5 kcal/mol. C1 US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. RP US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. NR 51 TC 58 Z9 60 U1 9 U2 35 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 15 AR 155420 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.73.155420 PG 17 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 037OA UT WOS:000237155100107 ER PT J AU Tokiwa, Y Radu, T Coldea, R Wilhelm, H Tylczynski, Z Steglich, F AF Tokiwa, Y Radu, T Coldea, R Wilhelm, H Tylczynski, Z Steglich, F TI Magnetic phase transitions in the two-dimensional frustrated quantum antiferromagnet Cs2CuCl4 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID TRIANGULAR-LATTICE; LOW-TEMPERATURES AB We report magnetization and specific heat measurements in the two-dimensional frustrated spin-1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnet Cs2CuCl4 at temperatures down to 0.05 K and high magnetic fields up to 11.5 T applied along a, b, and c axes. The low-field susceptibility chi(T)similar or equal to M/B shows a broad maximum around 2.8 K characteristic of short-range antiferromagnetic correlations and the overall temperature dependence is well described by high temperature series expansion calculations for the partially frustrated triangular lattice with J=4.46 K and J(')/J=1/3. At much lower temperatures (<= 0.4 K) and in in-plane field (along b and c axes) several new intermediate-field ordered phases are observed in between the low-field incommensurate spiral and the high-field saturated ferromagnetic state. The ground state energy extracted from the magnetization curve shows strong zero-point quantum fluctuations in the ground state at low and intermediate fields. C1 Max Planck Inst Chem Phys Solids, D-01187 Dresden, Germany. Univ Oxford, Clarendon Lab, Oxford OX1 3PU, England. Adam Mickiewicz Univ Poznan, Inst Phys, PL-61614 Poznan, Poland. RP Tokiwa, Y (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Radu, Teodora/C-2554-2012; Tokiwa, Yoshifumi/P-6593-2015; Wilhelm, Heribert/C-6871-2017 OI Tokiwa, Yoshifumi/0000-0002-6294-7879; Wilhelm, Heribert/0000-0002-9890-7895 NR 14 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 3 U2 12 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 13 AR 134414 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.73.134414 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 037NN UT WOS:000237153800068 ER PT J AU Wilke, RHT Bud'ko, SL Canfield, PC Farmer, J Hannahs, ST AF Wilke, RHT Bud'ko, SL Canfield, PC Farmer, J Hannahs, ST TI Systematic study of the superconducting and normal-state properties of neutron-irradiated MgB2 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID WIRE SEGMENTS; TEMPERATURE; DEPENDENCE; TRANSITION; PRESSURE; SPECTRUM; PURITY; BORON AB We have performed a systematic study of the evolution of the superconducting and normal state properties of neutron-irradiated MgB2 wire segments as a function of fluence and post exposure annealing temperature and time. All fluences used suppressed the transition temperature, T-c, below 5 K and expanded the unit cell. For each annealing temperature T-c recovers with annealing time and the upper critical field, H-c2(T=0), approximately scales with T-c. By judicious choice of fluence, annealing temperature, and time, the T-c of damaged MgB2 can be tuned to virtually any value between 5 and 39 K. For higher annealing temperatures and longer annealing times, the recovery of T-c tends to coincide with a decrease in the normal state resistivity and a systematic recovery of the lattice parameters. C1 US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Univ Missouri, Res Reactor, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. Florida State Univ, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. RP Wilke, RHT (reprint author), US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RI Hannahs, Scott/B-1274-2008; Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014 OI Hannahs, Scott/0000-0002-5840-7714; NR 51 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 13 AR 134512 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.73.134512 PG 17 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 037NN UT WOS:000237153800095 ER PT J AU Wu, T Zurbuchen, MA Saha, S Wang, RV Streiffer, SK Mitchell, JF AF Wu, T Zurbuchen, MA Saha, S Wang, RV Streiffer, SK Mitchell, JF TI Observation of magnetoelectric effect in epitaxial ferroelectric film/manganite crystal heterostructures SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SOLID-SOLUTION SYSTEM; CHEMICAL SOLUTION DEPOSITION; THIN-FILMS; THERMODYNAMIC THEORY; LAMINATE COMPOSITES; STRESS DEVELOPMENT; MAGNETIC-FIELD; TITANATE; POLARIZATION; OXIDES AB A multiferroic heterostructure is constructed by growing an epitaxial piezoelectric Pb(Zr-0.3,Ti-0.7)O-3 film on a magnetostrictive layered manganite single crystal of composition La1.2Sr1.8Mn2O7. The efficient mechanical coupling at the interface results in a remarkable magnetoelectric (ME) effect. The ME voltage is similar to 87% of the theoretical value predicted by a phenomenological thermodynamic model. The ME effect peaks at the ferromagnetic transition temperature of the manganite, a consequence of its magnetostrictive characteristics. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Wu, T (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Streiffer, Stephen/A-1756-2009; Wu, Tom/A-1158-2012; Zurbuchen, Mark/H-1664-2012 OI Wu, Tom/0000-0003-0845-4827; Zurbuchen, Mark/0000-0002-8947-6309 NR 49 TC 69 Z9 71 U1 2 U2 35 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 13 AR 134416 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.73.134416 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 037NN UT WOS:000237153800070 ER PT J AU Yang, K Xie, BP Shen, DW Zhao, JF Ou, HW Wei, J Wang, S Wang, YH Lu, DH He, RH Arita, M Qiao, S Ino, A Namatame, H Taniguchi, M Xu, FQ Kaneko, N Eisaki, H Feng, DL AF Yang, K Xie, BP Shen, DW Zhao, JF Ou, HW Wei, J Wang, S Wang, YH Lu, DH He, RH Arita, M Qiao, S Ino, A Namatame, H Taniguchi, M Xu, FQ Kaneko, N Eisaki, H Feng, DL TI Normal-state electronic structure in the heavily overdoped regime of Bi1.74Pb0.38Sr1.88CuO6+delta single-layer cuprate superconductors: An angle-resolved photoemission study SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; QUANTUM CRITICAL-BEHAVIOR; T-C; FERMI-SURFACE; PSEUDOGAP; PHYSICS; PHONON; BI2SR2CACU2O8+DELTA; SPECTROSCOPY; CRITICALITY AB We explore the electronic structure in the heavily overdoped regime of the single-layer cuprate superconductor Bi1.74Pb0.38Sr1.88CuO6+delta. We found that the nodal quasiparticle behavior is dominated mostly by phonons, while the antinodal quasiparticle line shape is dominated by spin fluctuations. Moreover, while long range spin fluctuations diminish at very high doping, the local magnetic fluctuations still dominate the quasiparticle dispersion, and the system exhibits a strange metal behavior in the entire overdoped regime. C1 Fudan Univ, Dept Phys, Appl Surface Phys State Key Lab, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China. Fudan Univ, Synchrotron Radiat Res Ctr, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China. Stanford Univ, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Synchrotron Radiat Ctr, Higashihiroshima 7398526, Japan. Hiroshima Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Higashihiroshima 7398526, Japan. Univ Sci & Technol China, Natl Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Hefei 230027, Peoples R China. AIST, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058568, Japan. RP Yang, K (reprint author), Fudan Univ, Dept Phys, Appl Surface Phys State Key Lab, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China. EM dlfeng@fudan.edu.cn RI He, Ruihua/A-6975-2010; Wang, Yihua/I-5407-2013 OI Wang, Yihua/0000-0002-5590-5881 NR 43 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 14 AR 144507 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.73.144507 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 037NU UT WOS:000237154500077 ER PT J AU Yayon, Y Lu, XH Crommie, MF AF Yayon, Y Lu, XH Crommie, MF TI Bimodal electronic structure of isolated Co atoms on Pt(111) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article AB We have used low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy to probe the local electronic structure of Co adatoms on the Pt(111) surface. Two varieties of Co adatoms that differ in their dI/dV(V) spectra are identified. We find that this contrast in spectral density is due to the adatom binding site on the surface. Atoms at different surface lattice sites (i.e., fcc versus hcp sites) exhibit different local densities of states (LDOS). Manipulation of a Co atom from one kind of lattice site to the other results in the expected change in its LDOS. dI/dV(V) spectra measured in this study were normalized using a method that compensates for differences in tunneling current that occur at different points on the surface. Such normalized spectra are shown to be useful in predicting the spatial contrast of dI/dV maps. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Yayon, Y (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Lu, Xinghua/F-2655-2010 NR 7 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 15 AR 155401 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.73.155401 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 037OA UT WOS:000237155100088 ER PT J AU Yuhasz, WM Butch, NP Sayles, TA Ho, PC Jeffries, JR Yanagisawa, T Frederick, NA Maple, MB Henkie, Z Pietraszko, A McCall, SK McElfresh, MW Fluss, MJ AF Yuhasz, WM Butch, NP Sayles, TA Ho, PC Jeffries, JR Yanagisawa, T Frederick, NA Maple, MB Henkie, Z Pietraszko, A McCall, SK McElfresh, MW Fluss, MJ TI Multiple ordered phases in the filled skutterudite compound PrOs4As12 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-FERMION SUPERCONDUCTOR; PRFE4P12; PROS4SB12; STATE AB Magnetization, specific heat, and electrical resistivity measurements were made on single crystals of the filled skutterudite compound PrOs4As12. Specific heat measurements indicate an electronic specific heat coefficient gamma similar to 50-200 mJ/mol K-2 at temperatures 10 K <= T <= 18 K, and similar to 1 J/mol K-2 for T <= 1.6 K. The combined measurements reveal the presence of two, or possibly three, ordered phases at temperatures below similar to 2.3 K and in fields below similar to 3 T. The low temperature phase displays antiferromagnetic characteristics, while the nature of the ordering in the other phase(s) has yet to be determined. C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Inst Pure & Appl Phys Sci, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Polish Acad Sci, Inst Low Temp & Struct Res, PL-50950 Wroclaw, Poland. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RI YANAGISAWA, Tatsuya/B-3199-2008; Yuhasz, William/C-9418-2009; McCall, Scott/G-1733-2014 OI YANAGISAWA, Tatsuya/0000-0003-4558-8824; McCall, Scott/0000-0002-7979-4944 NR 31 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 14 AR 144409 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.73.144409 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 037NU UT WOS:000237154500049 ER PT J AU Abdurashitov, JN Gavrin, VN Girin, SV Gorbachev, VV Gurkina, PP Ibragimova, TV Kalikhov, AV Khairnasov, NG Knodel, TV Matveev, VA Mirmov, IN Shikhin, AA Veretenkin, EP Vermul, VM Yants, VE Zatsepin, GT Bowles, TJ Elliott, SR Teasdale, WA Cleveland, BT Haxton, WC Wilkerson, JF Nico, JS Suzuki, A Lande, K Khomyakov, YS Poplavsky, VM Popov, VV Mishin, OV Petrov, AN Vasiliev, BA Voronov, SA Karpenko, AI Maltsev, VV Oshkanov, NN Tuchkov, AM Barsanov, VI Janelidze, AA Korenkova, AV Kotelnikov, NA Markov, SY Selin, VV Shakirov, ZN Zamyatina, AA Zlokazov, SB AF Abdurashitov, JN Gavrin, VN Girin, SV Gorbachev, VV Gurkina, PP Ibragimova, TV Kalikhov, AV Khairnasov, NG Knodel, TV Matveev, VA Mirmov, IN Shikhin, AA Veretenkin, EP Vermul, VM Yants, VE Zatsepin, GT Bowles, TJ Elliott, SR Teasdale, WA Cleveland, BT Haxton, WC Wilkerson, JF Nico, JS Suzuki, A Lande, K Khomyakov, YS Poplavsky, VM Popov, VV Mishin, OV Petrov, AN Vasiliev, BA Voronov, SA Karpenko, AI Maltsev, VV Oshkanov, NN Tuchkov, AM Barsanov, VI Janelidze, AA Korenkova, AV Kotelnikov, NA Markov, SY Selin, VV Shakirov, ZN Zamyatina, AA Zlokazov, SB TI Measurement of the response of a Ga solar neutrino experiment to neutrinos from a Ar-37 source SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID ORBITAL-ELECTRON-CAPTURE; INNER BREMSSTRAHLUNG; CROSS-SECTIONS; GALLIUM; DECAY; CHLORINE; NUCLEI AB An intense source of Ar-37 was produced by the (n,alpha) reaction on Ca-40 by irradiating 330 kg of calcium oxide in the fast neutron breeder reactor at Zarechny, Russia. The Ar-37 was released from the solid target by dissolution in acid, collected from this solution, purified, sealed into a small source, and brought to the Baksan Neutrino Observatory where it was used to irradiate 13 tonnes of gallium metal in the Russian-American gallium solar neutrino experiment SAGE. Ten exposures of the gallium to the source, whose initial strength was 409 +/- 2kCi, were carried out during the period April to September 2004. The Ge-71 produced by the reaction Ga-71(nu(e),e(-))Ge-71 was extracted, purified, and counted. The measured production rate was 11.0(-0.9)(+1.0) (stat)+/- 0.6 (syst) atoms of Ge-71/d, which is 0.79(-0.10)(+0.09) of the theoretically calculated production rate. When all neutrino source experiments with gallium are considered together, there is an indication the theoretical cross section has been overestimated. C1 Russian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, RU-117312 Moscow, Russia. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. Tohoku Univ, Res Ctr Neutrino Sci, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan. Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. OKB Mech Engn, RU-603074 Nizhnii Novgorod, Russia. Beloyarsk Nucl Power Plant, RU-624250 Zarechnyi, Sverdlovsk, Russia. Inst Nucl Mat, RU-624250 Zarechnyi, Sverdlovsk, Russia. RP Abdurashitov, JN (reprint author), Russian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, RU-117312 Moscow, Russia. RI Abdurashitov, Dzhonrid/B-2206-2014; Yants, Viktor/C-1038-2014 OI Abdurashitov, Dzhonrid/0000-0002-1577-1364; NR 31 TC 136 Z9 137 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 4 AR 045805 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.73.045805 PG 12 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 037OV UT WOS:000237157300085 ER PT J AU Borycki, PJ Dobaczewski, J Nazarewicz, W Stoitsov, MV AF Borycki, PJ Dobaczewski, J Nazarewicz, W Stoitsov, MV TI Pairing renormalization and regularization within the local density approximation SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID FOCK-BOGOLYUBOV EQUATIONS; GROUND-STATE PROPERTIES; SPHERICAL NUCLEI; DRIP-LINE AB We discuss methods used in mean-field theories to treat pairing correlations within the local density approximation. Pairing renormalization and regularization procedures are compared in spherical and deformed nuclei. Both prescriptions give fairly similar results, although the theoretical motivation, simplicity, and stability of the regularization procedure make it a method of choice for future applications. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Warsaw Univ Technol, Inst Phys, PL-00662 Warsaw, Poland. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Warsaw Univ, Inst Theoret Phys, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. Joint Inst Heavy Ion Res, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Bulgarian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res & Nucl Energy, BU-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria. RP Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. NR 30 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 EI 1089-490X J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 4 AR 044319 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.73.044319 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 037OV UT WOS:000237157300031 ER PT J AU Doring, M Oset, E Strottman, D AF Doring, M Oset, E Strottman, D TI Chiral dynamics in the gamma p ->pi(0)eta p and gamma p ->pi K-0(0)Sigma(+) reactions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID DOUBLE-PION-PHOTOPRODUCTION; PERTURBATION-THEORY; BARYON RESONANCES; UNITARY APPROACH; NUCLEON; MESON; QUARK; DECUPLET; DECAYS; STATES AB Using a chiral unitary approach for meson-baryon scattering in the strangeness zero sector, where the N-*(1535)S-11 resonance is dynamically generated, we study the reactions gamma p ->pi(0)eta p and gamma p ->pi(0)K(0)Sigma(+) at photon energies at which the final states are produced close to threshold. Among several reaction mechanisms, we find the most important is the excitation of the Delta(*)(1700)D-33 state, which subsequently decays into a pseudoscalar meson and a baryon belonging to the Delta(1232)P-33 decuplet. Hence, the reaction provides useful information with which to test current theories of the dynamical generation of the low-lying 3/2(-) states. The first reaction is shown to lead to sizable cross sections and the N-*(1535)S-11 resonance shape is seen clearly in the eta p invariant mass distribution. The same dynamical model is shown to lead to much smaller cross sections at low energies in the second reaction. Predictions are made for cross sections and invariant mass distributions that can be compared with ongoing experiments at ELSA. C1 Univ Valencia, CSIC, Inst Invest Paterna, Dept Fis Teor,Ctr Mixto, E-46071 Valencia, Spain. Univ Valencia, CSIC, Inst Invest Paterna, Ctr Mixto,IFIS, E-46071 Valencia, Spain. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Doring, M (reprint author), Univ Valencia, CSIC, Inst Invest Paterna, Dept Fis Teor,Ctr Mixto, Aptd 22085, E-46071 Valencia, Spain. EM doering@ific.uv.es; oset@ific.uv.es; dds@ific.uv.es NR 42 TC 63 Z9 63 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 EI 1089-490X J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 4 AR 045209 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.73.045209 PG 17 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 037OV UT WOS:000237157300074 ER PT J AU Hackenburg, RW AF Hackenburg, RW TI Neutron-proton effective range parameters and zero-energy shape dependence SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID TOTAL CROSS-SECTION; NUCLEON-NUCLEON-INTERACTION; SCATTERING-AMPLITUDES; CHARGE-INDEPENDENCE; CARBON; DEUTERIUM; HYDROGEN AB The low-energy np elastic-scattering parameters, including the zero-energy free-proton cross section sigma(0), are determined with a substantially improved precision over previous values, using available np-scattering data below 3 MeV. The method includes a careful handling of a correlation between the singlet and triplet effective ranges which does not seem to have been previously treated. This correlation is responsible for a large systematic error in the singlet effective range and spoils a model-independent determination of the zero-energy triplet effective range. It is shown that improved cross section measurements between 20 and 600 keV (laboratory neutron energy) are needed to overcome the degrading effect of this correlation. The values obtained for the zero-energy cross section and the scattering lengths and effective ranges for the singlet and triplet are: sigma(0)=20.4278(78) b, a(t)=5.4112(15) fm, a(s)=-23.7148(43) fm, r(t)=1.7436(19) fm, r(s)=2.750(18) fm (systematic error: -0.059 fm). The widely used measurement of the zero-energy free-proton elastic cross section from W. Dilg, Phys. Rev. C 11, 103 (1975), appears to be in error. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM hack@bnl.gov NR 46 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 4 AR 044002 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.73.044002 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 037OV UT WOS:000237157300005 ER PT J AU Hwang, JK Ramayya, AV Hamilton, JH Luo, YX Daniel, AV Ter-Akopian, GM Cole, JD Zhu, SJ AF Hwang, JK Ramayya, AV Hamilton, JH Luo, YX Daniel, AV Ter-Akopian, GM Cole, JD Zhu, SJ TI Half-life measurements of several states in Sr-95,Sr-97,Zr-97,Zr-100,Zr-104,Mo-106, and Ce-148 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID GAMMA-RAYS; FISSION; DEFORMATION; NUCLEI; LEVEL AB Half-lives T-1/2 of states in Sr-95,Sr-97, Zr-97,Zr-100,Zr-104, Mo-106, and Ce-148, which decay by delayed gamma transitions, were determined by using a new time-gated triple gamma coincidence method. Transition energy dependent effects such as time walks, time jitters, amplitude walks, and possible timing fluctuations of Ge detectors that contribute to the width of the time window were taken into consideration by comparing prompt and delayed cascades with similar transition energies. It is shown that the normalized triple gamma coincidence counts of two prompt cascades with similar transition energies are similar. Also, it is observed that the real triple gamma coincidence counts in the prompt cascades change systematically with the widths of the coincidence time window and the transition energies. Half-lives of states in Zr-100,Zr-104 were measured for the first time. The half-lives of states in the delayed cascades were determined by using the prompt cascades with transition energies similar to those in delayed cascades. The half-life of the 2(+) state in Zr-104 is measured to be 2.0(3) ns. The B(E2;2(+)-> 0(+))(e(2) b(2)) value and quadrupole deformation beta(2) are 0.40(6) (e(2) b(2)) and 0.47(7), respectively. Zr-104 has the most deformed 2(+) state among medium and heavy even-even nuclei, except for Sr-102. This method is only approximately valid, but it is believed to be generally within 10% of the true value. C1 Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Joint Inst Nucl Res Dubna, Flerov Natl Lab, Dubna, Russia. Idaho Natl Engn Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. Tsing Hua Univ, Dept Phys, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. RP Hwang, JK (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys, 221 Kirkland Hall, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. NR 25 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 4 AR 044316 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.73.044316 PG 12 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 037OV UT WOS:000237157300028 ER PT J AU Jaikumar, P Roberts, CD Sedrakian, A AF Jaikumar, P Roberts, CD Sedrakian, A TI Direct Urca neutrino rate in color superconducting quark matter SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID PAIR EMISSION; BETA-DECAY; STARS; SUPERFLUID; BREMSSTRAHLUNG; QCD; TEMPERATURE; BREAKING; DENSITY; MODEL AB If deconfined quark matter exists inside compact stars, the primary cooling mechanism is neutrino radiation via the direct Urca processes d -> u+e+ -> nu(e) and u+e -> d+nu(e). Below a critical temperature, T-c, quark matter forms a color superconductor, one possible manifestation of which is a condensate of < ud > quark Cooper pairs in an electric-charge neutralizing background of electrons. We compute the neutrino emission rate from such a phase, including charged pair-breaking and recombination effects, and find that on a material temperature domain below T-c the pairing-induced suppression of the neutrino emission rate is not uniformly exponential. If gapless modes are present in the condensed phase, the emissivity at low temperatures is moderately enhanced above that of completely unpaired matter. The importance of charged current pair-breaking processes for neutrino emission both in the fully gapped and partially gapped regimes is emphasized. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Rostock, Inst Phys, D-18051 Rostock, Germany. Univ Tubingen, Inst Theoret Phys, D-72076 Tubingen, Germany. RP Jaikumar, P (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. OI Roberts, Craig/0000-0002-2937-1361 NR 52 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 EI 1089-490X J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 4 AR 042801 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.73.042801 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 037OV UT WOS:000237157300003 ER PT J AU Kozub, RL Bardayan, DW Batchelder, JC Blackmon, JC Brune, CR Champagne, AE Cizewski, JA Greife, U Gross, CJ Jewett, CC Livesay, RJ Ma, Z Moazen, BH Nesaraja, CD Sahin, L Scott, JP Shapira, D Smith, MS Thomas, JS AF Kozub, RL Bardayan, DW Batchelder, JC Blackmon, JC Brune, CR Champagne, AE Cizewski, JA Greife, U Gross, CJ Jewett, CC Livesay, RJ Ma, Z Moazen, BH Nesaraja, CD Sahin, L Scott, JP Shapira, D Smith, MS Thomas, JS TI Neutron single particle strengths from the (d,p) reaction on F-18 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID NUCLEI AB The F-19 nucleus has been studied extensively. However, there have been no comprehensive experimental studies of F-18+n single-particle components in F-19, and no measure of neutron vacancies in the F-18 ground state, as such experiments require a (radioactive) F-18 target or beam. We have used the H-2(F-18,p)F-19 reaction to selectively populate states in F-19 that are of F-18+n character. The 108.5-MeV radioactive F-18(+9) beam was provided by the Holifield Radioactive Ion Beam Facility at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Proton-recoil coincidence data were taken for both alpha-decaying and particle-stable final states. Angular distributions and spectroscopic factors were measured for nine proton groups, corresponding to 13 states in F-19. The results are compared to shell model calculations. C1 Tennessee Technol Univ, Dept Phys, Cookeville, TN 38505 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Ohio Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Athens, OH 45701 USA. Univ N Carolina, Dept Phys & Astron, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Phys, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Dumlupinar Univ, Dept Phys, TR-43100 Kutahya, Turkey. RP Tennessee Technol Univ, Dept Phys, Cookeville, TN 38505 USA. NR 15 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 4 AR 044307 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.73.044307 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 037OV UT WOS:000237157300019 ER PT J AU Laget, JM AF Laget, JM TI Rescattering in meson photoproduction from few body systems SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID LARGE MOMENTUM-TRANSFER; COLOR TRANSPARENCY; PION-PHOTOPRODUCTION; HIGH-ENERGIES; ELECTROPRODUCTION; DEPENDENCE; SCATTERING; DEUTERIUM; NUCLEI; REGION AB Exclusive reactions induced at high momentum transfer in few body systems provide us with an original way to study the production and propagation of hadrons in cold nuclear matter. In very well-defined parts of the phase space, the reaction amplitude develops a logarithmic singularity. It is on solid ground since it depends on only on-shell elementary amplitudes and on low momentum components of the nuclear wave function. This is the best window for studying the propagation of exotic configurations of hadrons such as the onset of color transparency. It may appear earlier in meson-photoproduction reactions, more particularly in the strange sector, than in the more classical quasi-elastic scattering of electrons. More generally, those reactions provide us with the best tool to determine the cross section of the scattering of various hadrons (strange particles, vector mesons) from the nucleon and to obtain the production of possible exotic states. C1 Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Laget, JM (reprint author), Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. NR 53 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 4 AR 044003 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.73.044003 PG 13 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 037OV UT WOS:000237157300006 ER PT J AU Liddick, SN Mantica, PF Brown, BA Carpenter, MP Davies, AD Horoi, M Janssens, RVF Morton, AC Mueller, WF Pavan, J Schatz, H Stolz, A Tabor, SL Tomlin, BE Wiedeking, M AF Liddick, SN Mantica, PF Brown, BA Carpenter, MP Davies, AD Horoi, M Janssens, RVF Morton, AC Mueller, WF Pavan, J Schatz, H Stolz, A Tabor, SL Tomlin, BE Wiedeking, M TI Half-life and spin of Mn-60(g) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID BETA-DECAY; MANGANESE; ISOTOPES; SCHEMES; NUCLEI; NICKEL; COBALT; BEAMS; FE-60; CA-48 AB A value of 0.28 +/- 0.02 s has been deduced for the half-life of the ground state of Mn-60, in sharp contrast to the previously adopted value of 51 +/- 6 s. Access to the low-spin Mn-60 ground state was accomplished via beta decay of the 0(+) Cr-60 parent nuclide. New low-energy states in Mn-60 have been identified from beta-delayed gamma-ray spectroscopy. The new, shorter half-life of Mn-60(g) is not suggestive of isospin-forbidden beta decay, and new spin and parity assignments of 1(+) and 4(+) have been adopted for the ground and isomeric beta-decaying states, respectively, of Mn-60. C1 Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Michigan State Univ, Dept Chem, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Cent Michigan Univ, Dept Phys, Mt Pleasant, MI 48859 USA. Florida State Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. RP Liddick, SN (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RI Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015; Morton, Colin/K-1561-2015 OI Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734; Morton, Colin/0000-0003-0214-7551 NR 27 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 4 AR 044322 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.73.044322 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 037OV UT WOS:000237157300034 ER PT J AU Majumder, A Wang, EK Wang, XN AF Majumder, A Wang, EK Wang, XN TI Modified fragmentation function from quark recombination SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; RADIATIVE ENERGY-LOSS; GLUON RADIATION; QCD; BREMSSTRAHLUNG; SCATTERING; A+A AB Within the framework of the constituent quark model, it is shown that the single-hadron fragmentation function of a parton can be expressed as a convolution of a shower diquark or triquark distribution function and quark recombination probability if the interference between amplitudes of quark recombination with different momenta is neglected. The recombination probability is determined by the hadron's wave function in the constituent quark model. The shower diquark or triquark distribution functions of a fragmenting jet are defined in terms of overlapping matrices of constituent quarks and parton field operators. They are similar in form to dihadron or trihadron fragmentation functions in terms of parton operator and hadron states. Extending the formalism to the field theory at finite temperature, we automatically derive contributions to the effective single-hadron fragmentation function from the recombination of shower and thermal constituent quarks. Such contributions involve single-quark or diquark distribution functions that in turn can be related to diquark or triquark distribution functions by means of sum rules. We also derive QCD evolution equations for quark distribution functions that in turn determine the evolution of the effective jet fragmentation functions in a thermal medium. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Huazhong Normal Univ, Inst Particle Phys, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. RP Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. OI Wang, Xin-Nian/0000-0002-9734-9967 NR 48 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 4 AR 044901 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.73.044901 PG 18 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 037OV UT WOS:000237157300053 ER PT J AU Niculescu, I Arrington, J Ent, R Keppel, CE AF Niculescu, I Arrington, J Ent, R Keppel, CE TI Moments of nuclear and nucleon structure functions at low Q(2) and the momentum sum rule SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID INELASTIC ELECTRON-SCATTERING; DEUTERON STRUCTURE FUNCTIONS; OFF-SHELL CORRECTIONS; QUARK-HADRON DUALITY; MUON SCATTERING; COORDINATE SPACE; DEPENDENCE; PROTON; IRON AB New nuclear structure function data from Jefferson Lab covering the higher-x and lower-Q(2) regime make it possible to extract the higher-order F-2 moments for iron and deuterium at low four-momentum transfer squared Q(2). These moments allow for an experimental investigation of the nuclear momentum sum rule and a direct comparison of the nonsinglet nucleon moment with lattice QCD results. C1 James Madison Univ, Harrisonburg, VA 22807 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23602 USA. Hampton Univ, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. RP Niculescu, I (reprint author), James Madison Univ, Harrisonburg, VA 22807 USA. RI Arrington, John/D-1116-2012 OI Arrington, John/0000-0002-0702-1328 NR 43 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 4 AR 045206 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.73.045206 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 037OV UT WOS:000237157300071 ER PT J AU Osipenko, M Ricco, G Simula, S Battaglieri, M Ripani, M Adams, G Ambrozewicz, P Anghinolfi, M Asavapibhop, B Asryan, G Audit, G Avakian, H Bagdasaryan, H Baillie, N Ball, JP Baltzell, NA Barrow, S Batourine, V Beard, K Bedlinskiy, I Bektasoglu, M Bellis, M Benmouna, N Biselli, AS Bonner, BE Bouchigny, S Boiarinov, S Bradford, R Branford, D Brooks, WK Bultmann, S Burkert, VD Butuceanu, C Calarco, JR Careccia, SL Carman, DS Cazes, A Chen, S Cole, PL Coleman, A Coltharp, P Cords, D Corvisiero, P Crabb, D Cummings, JP De Sanctis, E DeVita, R Degtyarenko, PV Denizli, H Dennis, L Deur, A Dharmawardane, KV Djalali, C Dodge, GE Donnelly, J Doughty, D Dragovitsch, P Dugger, M Dytman, S Dzyubak, OP Egiyan, H Egiyan, KS Elouadrhiri, L Empl, A Eugenio, P Fatemi, R Fedotov, G Feuerbach, RJ Forest, TA Funsten, H Garcon, M Gavalian, G Gilfoyle, GP Giovanetti, KL Girod, FX Goetz, JT Golovatch, E Gordon, CIO Gothe, RW Griffioen, KA Guidal, M Guillo, M Guler, N Guo, L Gyurjyan, V Hadjidakis, C Hakobyan, RS Hardie, J Heddle, D Hersman, FW Hicks, K Hleiqawi, I Holtrop, M Hu, J Huertas, M Hyde-Wright, CE Ilieva, Y Ireland, DG Ishkhanov, BS Ito, MM Jenkins, D Jo, HS Joo, K Juengst, HG Kellie, JD Khandaker, M Kim, KY Kim, K Kim, W Klein, A Klein, FJ Klimenko, AV Klusman, M Kossov, M Kramer, LH Kubarovsky, V Kuhn, J Kuhn, SE Lachniet, J Laget, JM Langheinrich, J Lawrence, D Lee, T Li, J Lima, ACS Livingston, K Lukashin, K Manak, JJ Marchand, C McAleer, S McKinnon, B McNabb, JWC Mecking, BA Mehrabyan, S Melone, JJ Mestayer, MD Meyer, CA Mikhailov, K Minehart, R Mirazita, M Miskimen, R Mokeev, V Morand, L Morrow, SA Mueller, J Mutchler, GS Nadel-Turonski, P Napolitano, J Nasseripour, R Nefedov, G Niccolai, S Niculescu, G Niculescu, I Niczyporuk, BB Niyazov, RA Nozar, M O'Rielly, GV Ostrovidov, AI Park, K Pasyuk, E Philips, SA Pierce, J Pivnyuk, N Pocanic, D Pogorelko, O Polli, E Pozdniakov, S Preedom, BM Price, JW Prok, Y Protopopescu, D Qin, LM Raue, BA Riccardi, G Ritchie, BG Ronchetti, F Rosner, G Rossi, P Rowntree, D Rubin, PD Sabatie, F Salgado, C Santoro, JP Sapunenko, V Schumacher, RA Serov, VS Sharabian, YG Shaw, J Skabelin, AV Smith, ES Smith, LC Sober, DI Stavinsky, A Stepanyan, SS Stepanyan, S Stokes, BE Stoler, P Strauch, S Suleiman, R Taiuti, M Taylor, S Tedeschi, DJ Thoma, U Thompson, R Tkabladze, A Todor, L Tur, C Ungaro, M Vineyard, MF Vlassov, AV Weinstein, LB Weygand, DP Williams, M Wolin, E Wood, MH Yegneswaran, A Yun, J Zana, L Zhang, J AF Osipenko, M Ricco, G Simula, S Battaglieri, M Ripani, M Adams, G Ambrozewicz, P Anghinolfi, M Asavapibhop, B Asryan, G Audit, G Avakian, H Bagdasaryan, H Baillie, N Ball, JP Baltzell, NA Barrow, S Batourine, V Beard, K Bedlinskiy, I Bektasoglu, M Bellis, M Benmouna, N Biselli, AS Bonner, BE Bouchigny, S Boiarinov, S Bradford, R Branford, D Brooks, WK Bultmann, S Burkert, VD Butuceanu, C Calarco, JR Careccia, SL Carman, DS Cazes, A Chen, S Cole, PL Coleman, A Coltharp, P Cords, D Corvisiero, P Crabb, D Cummings, JP De Sanctis, E DeVita, R Degtyarenko, PV Denizli, H Dennis, L Deur, A Dharmawardane, KV Djalali, C Dodge, GE Donnelly, J Doughty, D Dragovitsch, P Dugger, M Dytman, S Dzyubak, OP Egiyan, H Egiyan, KS Elouadrhiri, L Empl, A Eugenio, P Fatemi, R Fedotov, G Feuerbach, RJ Forest, TA Funsten, H Garcon, M Gavalian, G Gilfoyle, GP Giovanetti, KL Girod, FX Goetz, JT Golovatch, E Gordon, CIO Gothe, RW Griffioen, KA Guidal, M Guillo, M Guler, N Guo, L Gyurjyan, V Hadjidakis, C Hakobyan, RS Hardie, J Heddle, D Hersman, FW Hicks, K Hleiqawi, I Holtrop, M Hu, J Huertas, M Hyde-Wright, CE Ilieva, Y Ireland, DG Ishkhanov, BS Ito, MM Jenkins, D Jo, HS Joo, K Juengst, HG Kellie, JD Khandaker, M Kim, KY Kim, K Kim, W Klein, A Klein, FJ Klimenko, AV Klusman, M Kossov, M Kramer, LH Kubarovsky, V Kuhn, J Kuhn, SE Lachniet, J Laget, JM Langheinrich, J Lawrence, D Lee, T Li, J Lima, ACS Livingston, K Lukashin, K Manak, JJ Marchand, C McAleer, S McKinnon, B McNabb, JWC Mecking, BA Mehrabyan, S Melone, JJ Mestayer, MD Meyer, CA Mikhailov, K Minehart, R Mirazita, M Miskimen, R Mokeev, V Morand, L Morrow, SA Mueller, J Mutchler, GS Nadel-Turonski, P Napolitano, J Nasseripour, R Nefedov, G Niccolai, S Niculescu, G Niculescu, I Niczyporuk, BB Niyazov, RA Nozar, M O'Rielly, GV Ostrovidov, AI Park, K Pasyuk, E Philips, SA Pierce, J Pivnyuk, N Pocanic, D Pogorelko, O Polli, E Pozdniakov, S Preedom, BM Price, JW Prok, Y Protopopescu, D Qin, LM Raue, BA Riccardi, G Ritchie, BG Ronchetti, F Rosner, G Rossi, P Rowntree, D Rubin, PD Sabatie, F Salgado, C Santoro, JP Sapunenko, V Schumacher, RA Serov, VS Sharabian, YG Shaw, J Skabelin, AV Smith, ES Smith, LC Sober, DI Stavinsky, A Stepanyan, SS Stepanyan, S Stokes, BE Stoler, P Strauch, S Suleiman, R Taiuti, M Taylor, S Tedeschi, DJ Thoma, U Thompson, R Tkabladze, A Todor, L Tur, C Ungaro, M Vineyard, MF Vlassov, AV Weinstein, LB Weygand, DP Williams, M Wolin, E Wood, MH Yegneswaran, A Yun, J Zana, L Zhang, J CA CLAS Collaboration TI Measurement of the deuteron structure function F-2 in the resonance region and evaluation of its moments SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID INELASTIC ELECTRON-SCATTERING; LONGITUDINAL RESPONSE FUNCTIONS; STRUCTURE-FUNCTION A(Q(2)); MAGNETIC FORM-FACTORS; QUARK-HADRON DUALITY; MUON SCATTERING; ELECTROMAGNETIC STRUCTURE; RADIATIVE-CORRECTIONS; PROTON SCATTERING; CROSS-SECTION AB Inclusive electron scattering off the deuteron has been measured to extract the deuteron structure function F-2 with the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS) at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility. The measurement covers the entire resonance region from the quasielastic peak up to the invariant mass of the final-state hadronic system W similar or equal to 2.7 GeV with four-momentum transfers Q(2) from 0.4 to 6 (GeV/c)(2). These data are complementary to previous measurements of the proton structure function F-2 and cover a similar two-dimensional region of Q(2) and Bjorken variable x. Determination of the deuteron F-2 over a large x interval including the quasielastic peak as a function of Q(2), together with the other world data, permit a direct evaluation of the structure function moments for the first time. By fitting the Q(2) evolution of these moments with an OPE-based twist expansion we have obtained a separation of the leading twist and higher twist terms. The observed Q(2) behavior of the higher twist contribution suggests a partial cancelation of different higher twists entering into the expansion with opposite signs. This cancelation, found also in the proton moments, is a manifestation of the "duality" phenomenon in the F-2 structure function. C1 Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Genova, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Gen Nucl Phys Inst, RU-119899 Moscow, Russia. Univ Rome, I-00146 Rome, Italy. Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Catholic Univ Amer, Washington, DC 20064 USA. CEA Saclay, Serv Phys Nucl, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Christopher Newport Univ, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Univ Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. Univ Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Midlothian, Scotland. Florida Int Univ, Miami, FL 33199 USA. Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. George Washington Univ, Washington, DC 20052 USA. Univ Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. Idaho State Univ, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Inst Phys Nucl, Orsay, France. Univ Bonn, Inst Strahlen & Kernphys, D-5300 Bonn, Germany. Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, RU-117259 Moscow, Russia. James Madison Univ, Harrisonburg, VA 22807 USA. Kyungpook Natl Univ, Taegu 702701, South Korea. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA. Norfolk State Univ, Norfolk, VA 23504 USA. Ohio Univ, Athens, OH 45701 USA. Old Dominion Univ, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Troy, NY 12180 USA. Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77005 USA. Univ Richmond, Richmond, VA 23173 USA. Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Union Coll, Schenectady, NY 12308 USA. Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. Coll William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. RP Osipenko, M (reprint author), Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. RI Zhang, Jixie/A-1461-2016; Ireland, David/E-8618-2010; Bektasoglu, Mehmet/A-2074-2012; Protopopescu, Dan/D-5645-2012; riccardi, gabriele/A-9269-2012; Zana, Lorenzo/H-3032-2012; Ishkhanov, Boris/E-1431-2012; Brooks, William/C-8636-2013; Schumacher, Reinhard/K-6455-2013; Meyer, Curtis/L-3488-2014; Sabatie, Franck/K-9066-2015; Osipenko, Mikhail/N-8292-2015; OI Ireland, David/0000-0001-7713-7011; Brooks, William/0000-0001-6161-3570; Schumacher, Reinhard/0000-0002-3860-1827; Meyer, Curtis/0000-0001-7599-3973; Sabatie, Franck/0000-0001-7031-3975; Osipenko, Mikhail/0000-0001-9618-3013; Sapunenko, Vladimir/0000-0003-1877-9043; Hyde, Charles/0000-0001-7282-8120; Simula, Silvano/0000-0002-5533-6746; Bellis, Matthew/0000-0002-6353-6043 NR 88 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 EI 1089-490X J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 4 AR 045205 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.73.045205 PG 22 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 037OV UT WOS:000237157300070 ER PT J AU Sayer, RO Guber, KH Leal, LC Larson, NM Rauscher, T AF Sayer, RO Guber, KH Leal, LC Larson, NM Rauscher, T TI R-matrix analysis of Cl neutron cross sections up to 1.2 MeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID BESSEL-FUNCTIONS; CAPTURE; DEPENDENCE; CHLORINE; COULOMB; CL-35 AB We have analyzed and evaluated Cl-35, Cl-37, and Cl-nat neutron cross section data in the resolved resonance region with the multilevel Reich-Moore R-matrix formalism. Energies and widths were determined for 388 resonances in the range 0.2 to 1200 keV. New J assignments were made for 33 resonances, and parities were assigned for 15 of these resonances. Neutron strength functions were calculated for both s and p waves; our results include the first reported p-wave values for Cl. Resonance analyses were carried out with the computer code SAMMY, which utilizes Bayes' method, a generalized least-squares technique. Because SAMMY now has the ability to calculate charged-particle penetrabilities, it was possible to include a proton exit channel in the analysis and to deduce proton widths for several resonances. Our resonance parameter representation describes the data much better than previous evaluations, and it should lead to improved criticality safety calculations for systems where Cl is present. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Nucl Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Basel, Inst Phys, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland. RP Sayer, RO (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Nucl Sci & Technol Div, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM sayerro@ornl.gov RI Rauscher, Thomas/D-2086-2009 OI Rauscher, Thomas/0000-0002-1266-0642 NR 32 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 EI 1089-490X J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 4 AR 044603 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.73.044603 PG 16 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 037OV UT WOS:000237157300043 ER PT J AU Stoenner, RW Klobuchar, RL Haustein, PE Virtes, GJ Cumming, JB Loveland, W AF Stoenner, RW Klobuchar, RL Haustein, PE Virtes, GJ Cumming, JB Loveland, W TI Angular distributions in multifragmentation SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID PROTON-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS; HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; SC FRAGMENTS; BACKWARD EMISSION; U-238; PRODUCTS; MECHANISMS; YIELDS AB Angular distributions are reported for Ar-37 and Xe-127 from 381-GeV Si-28+Au interactions and for products between Na-24 and Gd-149 from 28-GeV H-1+Au. Sideward peaking and forward deficits for multifragmentation products are significantly enhanced for heavy ions compared with protons. Projectile kinetic energy does not appear to be a satisfactory scaling variable. The data are discussed in terms of a kinetic-focusing model in which sideward peaking is due to transverse motion of the excited product from the initial projectile-target interaction. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Oregon State Univ, Dept Chem, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Stoenner, RW (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM cumming@bnl.gov RI Cumming, James/I-3358-2013 OI Cumming, James/0000-0001-6930-0958 NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 4 AR 047602 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.73.047602 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 037OV UT WOS:000237157300091 ER PT J AU Tandel, SK Chowdhury, P Seabury, EH Ahmad, I Carpenter, MP Fischer, SM Janssens, RVF Khoo, TL Lauritsen, T Lister, CJ Seweryniak, D Shimizu, YR AF Tandel, SK Chowdhury, P Seabury, EH Ahmad, I Carpenter, MP Fischer, SM Janssens, RVF Khoo, TL Lauritsen, T Lister, CJ Seweryniak, D Shimizu, YR TI High-K isomers and rotational structures in W-174 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID HIGH-SPIN STATES; DECAY; ISOTOPES; NUCLEI; HF-172; BANDS; OS; TRANSITIONS; ALIGNMENT; OS-178 AB High-spin states in W-174 (Z = 74) have been populated using the reaction Te-128(Ti-50, 4n)W-174 at beam energies of 215 and 225 MeV. The Gammasphere array was used to detect the gamma rays emitted by the evaporation residues. Four previously known collective band structures have been extended, and 16 new rotational sequences observed. Two are built upon isomeric states, one corresponding to a two-quasiparticle K = 8 isomer, the other to a four-quasiparticle K = 12 isomer, with the latter exhibiting strong K-violating Delta K=12 decays to the ground state band. Nucleonic configurations for the two- and four-quasiparticle excitations are proposed, and Woods-Saxon cranking calculations are presented to understand the rotational structures. Decay mechanisms of multi-quasiparticle K isomers are discussed in terms of the prevalent phenomenological models, with special emphasis on gamma-tunneling calculations. Surprisingly, the latter underpredict the decay hindrance for the K = 12 isomer by three orders of magnitude, unlike all other isomer decays in this mass region. C1 Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Kyushu Univ, Dept Phys, Fukuoka 8128581, Japan. RP Tandel, SK (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. RI Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015 OI Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734 NR 34 TC 22 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 4 AR 044306 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.73.044306 PG 19 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 037OV UT WOS:000237157300018 ER PT J AU Witala, H Golak, J Skibinski, R Glockle, W Nogga, A Epelbaum, E Kamada, H Kievsky, A Viviani, M AF Witala, H Golak, J Skibinski, R Glockle, W Nogga, A Epelbaum, E Kamada, H Kievsky, A Viviani, M TI Testing nuclear forces by polarization transfer coefficients in d((p)over-right-arrow,(p)over-right-arrow)d and d((p)over-right-arrow,(d)over-right-arrow)p reactions at E-p(lab)=22.7 MeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID ELASTIC-SCATTERING; 3-NUCLEON FORCE; CHIRAL LAGRANGIANS; CROSS-SECTION; DEUTERON; CONVERGENCE; EXPANSION; CONTINUUM; MODELS; PHASES AB The proton to proton polarization transfer coefficients K-x(x'),K-y(y'), and K-z(x'), and the proton to deuteron polarization transfer coefficients K-x(x'),K-y(y'),K-z(x'), K(x)(y')z('),K(y)(z')z('),K(z)(y')z('),K(y)(x')z('), and K(y)(x')x(')-y(')y(') were measured in d(p,p)d and d(p,d)p reactions, respectively, at E-p(lab)=22.7 MeV. The data were compared to predictions of modern nuclear forces obtained by solving the three-nucleon Faddeev equations in momentum space. Realistic (semi)phenomenological nucleon-nucleon potentials combined with model three-nucleon forces and modern chiral nuclear forces were used. The AV18, CD Bonn, and Nijm I and II nucleon-nucleon interactions were applied alone or combined with the Tucson-Melbourne 99 three-nucleon force, adjusted separately for each potential to reproduce the triton binding energy. For the AV18 potential, the Urbana IX three-nucleon force was also used. In addition, chiral NN potentials in the next-to-leading order and chiral two- and three-nucleon forces in the next-to-next-to-leading order were applied. Only when three-nucleon forces are included does a satisfactory description of all data result. For the chiral approach, the restriction to the forces in the next-to-leading order is insufficient. Only when going over to the next-to-next-to-leading order does one get a satisfactory description of the data, similar to the one obtained with the (semi)phenomenological forces. C1 Jagiellonian Univ, M Smoluchowski Inst Phys, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland. Ruhr Univ Bochum, Inst Theoret Phys 2, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Kernphys, D-52425 Julich, Germany. Jefferson Lab, Div Theory, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Kyushu Inst Technol, Fac Engn, Dept Phys, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 8048550, Japan. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56100 Pisa, Italy. RP Jagiellonian Univ, M Smoluchowski Inst Phys, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland. RI Nogga, Andreas/A-3354-2008; kievsky, alejandro/A-7123-2011 OI Nogga, Andreas/0000-0003-2156-748X; NR 43 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 4 AR 044004 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.73.044004 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 037OV UT WOS:000237157300007 ER PT J AU Yuan, L Sarsour, M Miyoshi, T Zhu, X Ahmidouch, A Androic, D Angelescu, T Asaturyan, R Avery, S Baker, OK Bertovic, I Breuer, H Carlini, R Cha, J Chrien, R Christy, M Cole, L Danagoulian, S Dehnhard, D Elaasar, M Empl, A Ent, R Fenker, H Fujii, Y Furic, M Gan, L Garrow, K Gasparian, A Gueye, P Harvey, M Hashimoto, O Hinton, W Hu, B Hungerford, E Jackson, C Johnston, K Juengst, H Keppel, C Lan, K Liang, Y Likhachev, VP Liu, JH Mack, D Margaryan, A Markowitz, P Mkrtchyan, H Nakamura, SN Petkovic, T Reinhold, J Roche, J Sato, Y Sawafta, R Simicevic, N Smith, G Stepanyan, S Sutter, R Tadevosyan, V Takahashi, T Tanida, K Tang, L Ukai, M Uzzle, A Vulcan, W Wells, S Wood, S Xu, G Yamaguchi, H Yan, C AF Yuan, L Sarsour, M Miyoshi, T Zhu, X Ahmidouch, A Androic, D Angelescu, T Asaturyan, R Avery, S Baker, OK Bertovic, I Breuer, H Carlini, R Cha, J Chrien, R Christy, M Cole, L Danagoulian, S Dehnhard, D Elaasar, M Empl, A Ent, R Fenker, H Fujii, Y Furic, M Gan, L Garrow, K Gasparian, A Gueye, P Harvey, M Hashimoto, O Hinton, W Hu, B Hungerford, E Jackson, C Johnston, K Juengst, H Keppel, C Lan, K Liang, Y Likhachev, VP Liu, JH Mack, D Margaryan, A Markowitz, P Mkrtchyan, H Nakamura, SN Petkovic, T Reinhold, J Roche, J Sato, Y Sawafta, R Simicevic, N Smith, G Stepanyan, S Sutter, R Tadevosyan, V Takahashi, T Tanida, K Tang, L Ukai, M Uzzle, A Vulcan, W Wells, S Wood, S Xu, G Yamaguchi, H Yan, C CA HNSS Colaboration TI Hypernuclear spectroscopy using the (e,e'K+) reaction SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID LAMBDA-HYPERNUCLEI; LIGHT HYPERNUCLEI; HYPERON STARS; MODEL; ELECTROPRODUCTION; PHOTOPRODUCTION; LI-7(LAMBDA); STATES AB A pioneering experiment in Lambda hypernuclear spectroscopy, undertaken at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (JLab), was recently reported. The experiment used the high precision, continuous electron beam at JLab, and a special arrangement of spectrometer magnets to measure the hypernuclear spectrum from C and Li-7 targets using the (e,e'K+) reaction. The B-12(Lambda) spectrum found in this investigation was previously published, but is reported here in more detail, with improved resolution. In addition, the results of a He-7(Lambda) spectrum also obtained in the experiment, are shown. This latter spectrum indicates the need for a more detailed few-body calculation of the hypernucleus and the reaction process. The success of the experiment demonstrates the potential of the (e,e'K+) reaction for high resolution spectroscopy of hypernuclear spectra. C1 Hampton Univ, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. Univ Houston, Houston, TX 77204 USA. Tohoku Univ, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan. N Carolina Agr & Tech State Univ, Greensboro, NC 27411 USA. Univ Zagreb, Zagreb 41000, Croatia. Univ Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania. Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. So Univ New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70126 USA. Louisiana Tech Univ, Ruston, LA 71272 USA. Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Florida Int Univ, Miami, FL 33199 USA. Coll William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. Univ Tokyo, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. Old Dominion Univ, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. RP Yuan, L (reprint author), Hampton Univ, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. RI Zhu, Xiaofeng/B-9493-2011; Androic, Darko/A-7482-2008; Fujii, Yu/D-3413-2015 OI Fujii, Yu/0000-0001-6625-2241 NR 42 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 4 AR 044607 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.73.044607 PG 11 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 037OV UT WOS:000237157300047 ER PT J AU Adamson, P Alexopoulos, T Allison, WWM Alner, GJ Anderson, K Andreopoulos, C Andrews, M Andrews, R Arroyo, C Avvakumov, S Ayres, DS Baller, B Barish, B Barker, MA Barnes, PD Barr, G Barrett, WL Beall, E Becker, BR Belias, A Bergfeld, T Bernstein, RH Bhattacharya, D Bishai, M Blake, A Bocean, V Bock, B Bock, GJ Boehm, J Boehnlein, DJ Bogert, D Border, PM Bower, C Boyd, S Buckley-Geer, E Byon-Wagner, A Cabrera, A Chapman, JD Chase, TR Chernichenko, SK Childress, S Choudhary, BC Cobb, JH Cossairt, JD Courant, H Crane, DA Culling, AJ Dawson, JW DeMuth, DM De Santo, A Dierckxsens, M Diwan, MV Dorman, M Drake, G Ducar, R Durkin, T Erwin, AR Escobar, CO Evans, J Fackler, OD Harris, EF Feldman, GJ Felt, N Fields, TH Ford, R Frohne, MV Gallagher, HR Gebhard, M Godley, A Gogos, J Goodman, MC Gornushkin, Y Gouffon, P Grashorn, E Grossman, N 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Ryabov, VA Saakyan, R Sanchez, MC Saoulidou, N Schneps, J Schoessow, PV Schreiner, P Schwienhorst, R Semenov, VK Seun, SM Shanahan, P Shield, PD Smart, W Smirnitsky, V Smith, C Smith, PN Sousa, A Speakman, B Stamoulis, P Stefanik, A Sullivan, P Swan, JM Symes, PA Tagg, N Talaga, RL Tetteh-Lartey, E Thomas, J Thompson, J Thomson, MA Thron, JL Trendler, R Trevor, J Trostin, I Tsarev, VA Tzanakos, G Urheim, J Vahle, P Vakili, M Vaziri, K Velissaris, C Verebryusov, V Viren, B Wai, L Ward, CP Ward, DR Watabe, M Weber, A Webb, RC Wehmann, A West, N White, C White, RF Wojcicki, SG Wright, DM Wu, QK Yan, WG Yang, T Yumiceva, FX Yun, JC Zheng, H Zois, M Zwaska, R CA MMINOS Collaboration TI First observations of separated atmospheric nu(mu) and (nu)over-bar(mu) events in the MINOS detector SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID TOTAL CROSS-SECTION; GEV ENERGY-RANGE; NEUTRINO FLUX; SUPER-KAMIOKANDE; UNIFIED APPROACH; SYSTEM; MUONS; RATIO; SCATTERING; PROTONS AB The complete 5.4 kton MINOS far detector has been taking data since the beginning of August 2003 at a depth of 2070 meters water-equivalent in the Soudan mine, Minnesota. This paper presents the first MINOS observations of nu(mu) and (nu) over bar (mu) charged-current atmospheric neutrino interactions based on an exposure of 418 days. The ratio of upward- to downward-going events in the data is compared to the Monte Carlo expectation in the absence of neutrino oscillations, giving R(up/down)(data)/R(up/down)(MC)=0.62(-0.14)(+0.19)(stat.)+/- 0.02(sys.). An extended maximum likelihood analysis of the observed L/E distributions excludes the null hypothesis of no neutrino oscillations at the 98% confidence level. Using the curvature of the observed muons in the 1.3 T MINOS magnetic field nu(mu) and (nu) over bar (mu) interactions are separated. The ratio of (nu) over bar (mu) to nu(mu) events in the data is compared to the Monte Carlo expectation assuming neutrinos and antineutrinos oscillate in the same manner, giving R((nu) over bar mu)/nu(data)(mu)/R((nu) over bar mu)/nu(MC)(mu)=0.96(-0.27)(+0.38)(stat.)+/- 0.15(sys.), where the errors are the statistical and systematic uncertainties. Although the statistics are limited, this is the first direct observation of atmospheric neutrino interactions separately for nu(mu) and (nu) over bar (mu). C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Athens, Dept Phys, GR-15771 Athens, Greece. Benedictine Univ, Dept Phys, Lisle, IL 60532 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. CALTECH, Lauritsen Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Lab, Dept Phys, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England. Univ Estadual Campinas, IF, BR-13083970 Campinas, SP, Brazil. Chinese Acad Sci, Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Coll France, APC, F-75231 Paris 05, France. Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA. Harvard Univ, High Energy Phys Lab, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. IIT, Div Phys, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. Indiana Univ, Dept Phys, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. Inst High Energy Phys, RU-140284 Protvino, Moscow Region, Russia. Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, High Energy Expt Phys Dept, Moscow 117218, Russia. James Madison Univ, Dept Phys, Harrisonburg, VA 22807 USA. Joint Inst Nucl Res, RU-141980 Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia. PN Lebedev Phys Inst, Dept Nucl Phys, Moscow 117924, Russia. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Univ Minnesota, Dept Phys, Duluth, MN 55812 USA. Univ Oxford, Subdept Particle Phys, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis, BR-05315970 Sao Paulo, Brazil. Univ S Carolina, Dept Phys & Astron, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Univ Sussex, Dept Phys & Astron, Brighton BN1 9QH, E Sussex, England. Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Univ Texas, Dept Phys, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Tufts Univ, Dept Phys, Medford, MA 02155 USA. UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London WC1E 6BT, England. Western Washington Univ, Dept Phys, Bellingham, WA 98225 USA. Coll William & Mary, Dept Phys, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Adamson, P (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. 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Meyer, WT Prell, S Rosenberg, EI Rubin, AE Yi, JI Schott, G Arnaud, N Davier, M Giroux, X Grosdidier, G Hocker, A Le Diberder, F Lepeltier, V Lutz, AM Oyanguren, A Petersen, TC Plaszczynski, S Rodier, S Roudeau, P Schune, MH Stocchi, A Wang, W Wormser, G Cheng, CH Lange, DJ Wright, DM Bevan, AJ Chavez, CA Forster, IJ Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R George, KA Hutchcroft, DE Parry, RJ Payne, DJ Schofield, KC Touramanis, C Di Lodovico, F Menges, W Sacco, R Brown, CL Cowan, G Flaecher, HU Green, MG Hopkins, DA Jackson, PS McMahon, TR Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Brown, DN Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, NR Barlow, RJ Chia, YM Edgar, CL Hodgkinson, MC Kelly, MP Lafferty, GD Naisbit, MT Williams, JC Chen, C Hulsbergen, WD Jawahery, A Kovalskyi, D Lae, CK Roberts, DA Simi, G Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Hertzbach, SS Kofler, R Li, X Moore, TB Saremi, S Staengle, H Willocq, SY Cowan, R Koeneke, K Sciolla, G Sekula, SJ Spitznagel, M Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Kim, H Patel, PM Robertson, SH Lazzaro, A Lombardo, V Palombo, F Bauer, JM Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Godang, R Kroeger, R Reidy, J Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Zhao, HW Brunet, S Cote, D Taras, P Viaud, FB Nicholson, H Cavallo, N De Nardo, G Fabozzi, F Gatto, C Lista, L Monorchio, D Paolucci, P Piccolo, D Sciacca, C Baak, M Bulten, H Raven, G Snoek, HL Wilden, L Jessop, CP LoSecco, JM Allmendinger, T Benelli, G Gan, KK Honscheid, K Hufnagel, D Jackson, PD Kagan, H Kass, R Pulliam, T Rahimi, AM Ter-Antonyan, R Wong, QK Blount, NL Brau, J Frey, R Igonkina, O Lu, M Potter, CT Rahmat, R Sinev, NB Strom, D Strube, J Torrence, E Galeazzi, F Margoni, M Morandin, M Posocco, M Rotondo, M Simonetto, F Stroili, R Voci, C Benayoun, M Chauveau, J David, P Del Buono, L de la Vaissiere, C Hamon, O John, MJJ Leruste, P Malcles, J Ocariz, J Roos, L Therin, G Behera, PK Gladney, L Guo, QH Panetta, J Biasini, M Covarelli, R Pacetti, S Pioppi, M Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bucci, F Calderini, G Carpinelli, M Cenci, R Forti, F Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Marchiori, G Morganti, M Neri, N Paoloni, E Rama, M Rizzo, G Walsh, J Haire, M Judd, D Wagoner, DE Biesiada, J Danielson, N Elmer, P Lau, YP Lu, C Olsen, J Smith, AJS Telnov, AV Bellini, F Cavoto, G D'Orazio, A Di Marco, E Faccini, R Ferrarotto, F Ferroni, F Gaspero, M Gioi, LL Mazzoni, MA Morganti, S Piredda, G Polci, F Tehrani, FS Voena, C Schroder, H Waldi, R Adye, T De Groot, N Franek, B Gopal, GP Olaiya, EO Wilson, FF Aleksan, R Emery, S Gaidot, A Ganzhur, SF Graziani, G de Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Legendre, M London, GW Mayer, B Vasseur, G Yeche, C Zito, M Purohit, MV Weidemann, AW Wilson, JR Abe, T Allen, MT Aston, D Bartoldus, R Berger, N Boyarski, AM Buchmueller, OL Claus, R Coleman, JP Convery, MR Cristinziani, M Dingfelder, JC Dong, D Dorfan, J Dujmic, D Dunwoodie, W Fan, S Field, RC Glanzman, T Gowdy, SJ Hadig, T Halyo, V Hast, C Hryn'ova, T Innes, WR Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Leith, DWGS Libby, J Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL Marsiske, H Messner, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Ozcan, VE Perazzo, A Perl, M Ratcliff, BN Roodman, A Salnikov, AA Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Snyder, A Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Suzuki, K Swain, SK Thompson, JM Va'vra, J van Bakel, N Weaver, M Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Wittgen, M Wright, DH Yarritu, AK Yi, K Young, CC Burchat, PR Edwards, AJ Majewski, SA Petersen, BA Roat, C Ahmed, M Ahmed, S Alam, MS Bula, R Ernst, JA Saeed, MA Wappler, FR Zain, SB Bugg, W Krishnamurthy, M Spanier, SM Eckmann, R Ritchie, JL Satpathy, A Schwitters, RF Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Ye, S Bianchi, F Bona, M Gallo, F Gamba, D Bomben, M Bosisio, L Cartaro, C Cossutti, F Della Ricca, G Dittongo, S Grancagnolo, S Lanceri, L Vitale, L Azzolini, V Martinez-Vidal, F Panvini, RS Banerjee, S Bhuyan, B Brown, CM Fortin, D Hamano, K Kowalewski, R Nugent, IM Roney, JM Sobie, RJ Back, JJ Harrison, PF Latham, TE Mohanty, GB Band, HR Chen, X Cheng, B Dasu, S Datta, M Eichenbaum, AM Flood, KT Graham, MT Hollar, JJ Johnson, JR Kutter, PE Li, H Liu, R Mellado, B Mihalyi, A Mohapatra, AK Pan, Y Pierini, M Prepost, R Tan, P Wu, SL Yu, Z Neal, H CA BABAR Collaboration TI Search for the rare decays B-0 -> D(s)(()+)a(0(2))(-) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID VIOLATION AB We have searched for the decays B-0-> D(s)(+)a(0)(-), B-0-> D(s)(*+)a(0)(-), B-0-> D(s)(+)a(2)(-) and B-0-> D(s)(*+)a(2)(-) in a sample of about 230x10(6) Upsilon(4S)-> B (B) over bar decays collected with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II asymmetric-energy B Factory at SLAC. We find no evidence for these decays and set upper limits at 90% C.L. on the branching fractions: B(B-0-> D(s)(+)a(0)(-))< 1.9x10(-5), B(B-0-> D(s)(*+)a(0)(-))< 3.6x10(-5), B(B-0-> D(s)(+)a(2)(-))< 1.9x10(-4), and B(B-0-> D(s)(*+)a(2)(-))< 2.0x10(-4). C1 Univ Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. Phys Particules Lab, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. Univ Autonoma Barcelona, IFAE, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. Univ Bari, Dipartmento Fis, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Univ Bergen, Inst Phys, N-5007 Bergen, Norway. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. Ruhr Univ Bochum, Inst Expt Phys, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. Univ Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. Brunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England. 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RI Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Di Lodovico, Francesca/L-9109-2016; Pappagallo, Marco/R-3305-2016; Calcaterra, Alessandro/P-5260-2015; Calabrese, Roberto/G-4405-2015; Lusiani, Alberto/A-3329-2016; Lusiani, Alberto/N-2976-2015; Kolomensky, Yury/I-3510-2015; Kravchenko, Evgeniy/F-5457-2015; Rotondo, Marcello/I-6043-2012; Martinez Vidal, F*/L-7563-2014; Oyanguren, Arantza/K-6454-2014; Luppi, Eleonora/A-4902-2015; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/G-7212-2015; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/J-5049-2012; Grancagnolo, Sergio/J-3957-2015; Morandin, Mauro/A-3308-2016; Lista, Luca/C-5719-2008; Bellini, Fabio/D-1055-2009; Neri, Nicola/G-3991-2012; Forti, Francesco/H-3035-2011; Patrignani, Claudia/C-5223-2009; Peters, Klaus/C-2728-2008; de Groot, Nicolo/A-2675-2009; de Sangro, Riccardo/J-2901-2012; Cavallo, Nicola/F-8913-2012; Saeed, Mohammad Alam/J-7455-2012; Negrini, Matteo/C-8906-2014; Monge, Maria Roberta/G-9127-2012; Frey, Raymond/E-2830-2016; Roe, Natalie/A-8798-2012 OI Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Di Lodovico, Francesca/0000-0003-3952-2175; Pappagallo, Marco/0000-0001-7601-5602; Calcaterra, Alessandro/0000-0003-2670-4826; Calabrese, Roberto/0000-0002-1354-5400; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Kolomensky, Yury/0000-0001-8496-9975; Rotondo, Marcello/0000-0001-5704-6163; Martinez Vidal, F*/0000-0001-6841-6035; Oyanguren, Arantza/0000-0002-8240-7300; Luppi, Eleonora/0000-0002-1072-5633; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/0000-0002-4276-715X; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/0000-0002-6520-4480; Grancagnolo, Sergio/0000-0001-8490-8304; Morandin, Mauro/0000-0003-4708-4240; Bellini, Fabio/0000-0002-2936-660X; Neri, Nicola/0000-0002-6106-3756; Forti, Francesco/0000-0001-6535-7965; Patrignani, Claudia/0000-0002-5882-1747; Peters, Klaus/0000-0001-7133-0662; de Sangro, Riccardo/0000-0002-3808-5455; Saeed, Mohammad Alam/0000-0002-3529-9255; Negrini, Matteo/0000-0003-0101-6963; Monge, Maria Roberta/0000-0003-1633-3195; Frey, Raymond/0000-0003-0341-2636; NR 16 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 EI 1550-2368 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. 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D PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 7 AR 071103 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.73.071103 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 037PF UT WOS:000237158500003 ER PT J AU Aubert, B Barate, R Boutigny, D Couderc, F Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Poireau, V Tisserand, V Zghiche, A Grauges, E Palano, A Pappagallo, M Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Ofte, I Stugu, B Abrams, GS Battaglia, M Best, DS Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Charles, E Day, CT Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadyk, JA Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kukartsev, G Lynch, G Mir, LM Oddone, PJ Orimoto, TJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Ronan, MT Wenzel, WA Barrett, M Ford, KE Harrison, TJ Hart, AJ Hawkes, CM Morgan, SE Watson, AT Fritsch, M Goetzen, K Held, T Koch, H Lewandowski, B Pelizaeus, M Peters, K Schroeder, T Steinke, M Boyd, JT Burke, JP Cottingham, WN Walker, D Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T Fulsom, BG Hearty, C Knecht, NS Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Khan, A Kyberd, P Saleem, M Teodorescu, L Blinov, VE Bukin, AD Buzykaev, A Druzhinin, VP Golubev, VB Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Solodov, EP Todyshev, KY Bondioli, M Bruinsma, M Chao, M Curry, S Eschrich, I Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Lund, P Mandelkern, M Mommsen, RK Roethel, W Stoker, DP Abachi, S Buchanan, C Foulkes, SD Gary, JW Long, O Shen, BC Wang, K Zhang, L del Re, D Hadavand, HK Hill, EJ Paar, HP Rahatlou, S Sharma, V Berryhill, JW Campagnari, C Cunha, A Dahmes, B Hong, TM Richman, JD Beck, TW Eisner, AM Flacco, CJ Heusch, CA Kroseberg, J Lockman, WS Nesom, G Schalk, T Schumm, BA Seiden, A Spradlin, P Williams, DC Wilson, MG Albert, J Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Hitlin, DG Narsky, I Piatenko, T Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Andreassen, R Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Antillon, EA Blanc, F Bloom, PC Chen, S Ford, WT Hirschauer, JF Kreisel, A Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Ruddick, WO Smith, JG Ulmer, KA Wagner, SR Zhang, J Chen, A Eckhart, EA Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Winklmeier, 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Brunet, S Cote, D Simard, M Taras, P Viaud, FB Nicholson, H Cavallo, N De Nardo, G Fabozzi, F Gatto, C Lista, L Monorchio, D Piccolo, D Sciacca, C Baak, M Bulten, H Raven, G Snoek, HL Jessop, CP LoSecco, JM Allmendinger, T Benelli, G Gan, KK Honscheid, K Hufnagel, D Jackson, PD Kagan, H Kass, R Pulliam, T Rahimi, AM Ter-Antonyan, R Wong, QK Blount, NL Brau, J Frey, R Igonkina, O Lu, M Rahmat, R Sinev, NB Strom, D Strube, J Torrence, E Galeazzi, F Gaz, A Margoni, M Morandin, M Pompili, A Posocco, M Rotondo, M Simonetto, F Stroili, R Voci, C Benayoun, M Chauveau, J David, P Del Buono, L de la Vaissiuere, C Hamon, O Hartfiel, BL John, MJJ Leruste, P Malcles, J Ocariz, J Roos, L Therin, G Behera, PK Gladney, L Panetta, J Biasini, M Covarelli, R Pioppi, M Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bucci, F Calderini, G Carpinelli, M Cenci, R Forti, F Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Marchiori, G Mazur, MA Morganti, M Neri, N Paoloni, E Rama, M Rizzo, G Walsh, J Haire, M Judd, D Wagoner, DE Biesiada, J Danielson, N Elmer, P Lau, YP Lu, C Olsen, J Smith, AJS Telnov, AV Bellini, F Cavoto, G D'Orazio, A Di Marco, E Faccini, R Ferrarotto, F Ferroni, F Gaspero, M Gioi, LL Mazzoni, MA Morganti, S Piredda, G Polci, F Tehrani, FS Voena, C Schroder, H Waldi, R Adye, T De Groot, N Franek, B Olaiya, EO Wilson, FF Emery, S Gaidot, A Ganzhur, SF de Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Legendre, M Mayer, B Vasseur, G Yeeche, C Zito, M Park, W Purohit, MV Weidemann, AW Wilson, JR Allen, MT Aston, D Bartoldus, R Bechtle, P Berger, N Boyarski, AM Claus, R Coleman, JP Convery, MR Cristinziani, M Dingfelder, JC Dong, D Dorfan, J Dujmic, D Dunwoodie, W Field, RC Glanzman, T Gowdy, SJ Halyo, V Hast, C Hryn'ova, T Innes, WR Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Leith, DWGS Libby, J Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL MacFarlane, DB Marsiske, H Messner, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Ozcan, VE Perazzo, A Perl, M Ratcliff, BN Roodman, A Salnikov, AA Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Snyder, A Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Suzuki, K Swain, SK Thompson, JM Va'vra, J van Bakel, N Weaver, M Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Wittgen, M Wright, DH Yarritu, AK Yi, K Young, CC Burchat, PR Edwards, AJ Majewski, SA Petersen, BA Roat, C Wilden, L Ahmed, S Alam, MS Bula, R Ernst, JA Jain, V Pan, B Saeed, MA Wappler, FR Zain, SB Bugg, W Krishnamurthy, M Spanier, SM Eckmann, R Ritchie, JL Satpathy, A Schwitters, RF Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Ye, S Bianchi, F Bona, M Gallo, F Gamba, D Bomben, M Bosisio, L Cartaro, C Cossutti, F Della Ricca, G Dittongo, S Grancagnolo, S Lanceri, L Vitale, L Azzolini, V Martinez-Vidal, F Panvini, RS Banerjee, S Bhuyan, B Brown, CM Fortin, D Hamano, K Kowalewski, R Nugent, IM Roney, JM Sobie, RJ Back, JJ Harrison, PF Latham, TE Mohanty, GB Band, HR Chen, X Cheng, B Dasu, S Datta, M Eichenbaum, AM Flood, KT Graham, MT Hollar, JJ Johnson, JR Kutter, PE Li, H Liu, R Mellado, B Mihalyi, A Mohapatra, AK Pan, Y Pierini, M Prepost, R Tan, P Wu, SL Yu, Z Neal, H AF Aubert, B Barate, R Boutigny, D Couderc, F Karyotakis, Y Lees, JP Poireau, V Tisserand, V Zghiche, A Grauges, E Palano, A Pappagallo, M Chen, JC Qi, ND Rong, G Wang, P Zhu, YS Eigen, G Ofte, I Stugu, B Abrams, GS Battaglia, M Best, DS Brown, DN Button-Shafer, J Cahn, RN Charles, E Day, CT Gill, MS Gritsan, AV Groysman, Y Jacobsen, RG Kadyk, JA Kerth, LT Kolomensky, YG Kukartsev, G Lynch, G Mir, LM Oddone, PJ Orimoto, TJ Pripstein, M Roe, NA Ronan, MT Wenzel, WA Barrett, M Ford, KE Harrison, TJ Hart, AJ Hawkes, CM Morgan, SE Watson, AT Fritsch, M Goetzen, K Held, T Koch, H Lewandowski, B Pelizaeus, M Peters, K Schroeder, T Steinke, M Boyd, JT Burke, JP Cottingham, WN Walker, D Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T Fulsom, BG Hearty, C Knecht, NS Mattison, TS McKenna, JA Khan, A Kyberd, P Saleem, M Teodorescu, L Blinov, VE Bukin, AD Buzykaev, A Druzhinin, VP Golubev, VB Onuchin, AP Serednyakov, SI Skovpen, YI Solodov, EP Todyshev, KY Bondioli, M Bruinsma, M Chao, M Curry, S Eschrich, I Kirkby, D Lankford, AJ Lund, P Mandelkern, M Mommsen, RK Roethel, W Stoker, DP Abachi, S Buchanan, C Foulkes, SD Gary, JW Long, O Shen, BC Wang, K Zhang, L del Re, D Hadavand, HK Hill, EJ Paar, HP Rahatlou, S Sharma, V Berryhill, JW Campagnari, C Cunha, A Dahmes, B Hong, TM Richman, JD Beck, TW Eisner, AM Flacco, CJ Heusch, CA Kroseberg, J Lockman, WS Nesom, G Schalk, T Schumm, BA Seiden, A Spradlin, P Williams, DC Wilson, MG Albert, J Chen, E Dubois-Felsmann, GP Dvoretskii, A Hitlin, DG Narsky, I Piatenko, T Porter, FC Ryd, A Samuel, A Andreassen, R Mancinelli, G Meadows, BT Sokoloff, MD Antillon, EA Blanc, F Bloom, PC Chen, S Ford, WT Hirschauer, JF Kreisel, A Nauenberg, U Olivas, A Ruddick, WO Smith, JG Ulmer, KA Wagner, SR Zhang, J Chen, A Eckhart, EA Soffer, A Toki, WH Wilson, RJ Winklmeier, F Zeng, Q Altenburg, DD Feltresi, E Hauke, A Jasper, H Spaan, B Brandt, T Klose, V Lacker, HM Nogowski, R Petzold, A Schubert, J Schubert, KR Schwierz, R Sundermann, JE Volk, A Bernard, D Bonneaud, GR Grenier, P Latour, E Thiebaux, C Verderi, M Bard, DJ Clark, PJ Gradl, W Muheim, F Playfer, S Xie, Y Andreotti, M Bettoni, D Bozzi, C Calabrese, R Cibinetto, G Luppi, E Negrini, M Piemontese, L Anulli, F Baldini-Ferroli, R Calcaterra, A de Sangro, R Finocchiaro, G Pacetti, S Patteri, P Peruzzi, IM Piccolo, M Zallo, A Buzzo, A Capra, R Contri, R Lo Vetere, M Macri, MM Monge, MR Passaggio, S Patrignani, C Robutti, E Santroni, A Tosi, S Brandenburg, G Chaisanguanthum, KS Morii, M Wu, J Dubitzky, RS Marks, J Schenk, S Uwer, U Bhimji, W Bowerman, DA Dauncey, PD Egede, U Flack, RL Gaillard, JR Nash, JA Nikolich, MB Vazquez, WP Chai, X Charles, MJ Mader, WF Mallik, U Ziegler, V Cochran, J Crawley, HB Dong, L Eyges, V Meyer, WT Prell, S Rosenberg, EI Rubin, AE Schott, G Arnaud, N Davier, M Grosdidier, G Hocker, A Le Diberder, F Lepeltier, V Lutz, AM Oyanguren, A Petersen, TC Pruvot, S Rodier, S Roudeau, P Schune, MH Stocchi, A Wang, WF Wormser, G Cheng, CH Lange, DJ Wright, DM Chavez, CA Forster, IJ Fry, JR Gabathuler, E Gamet, R George, KA Hutchcroft, DE Payne, DJ Schofield, KC Touramanis, C Bevan, AJ Di Lodovico, F Menges, W Sacco, R Brown, CL Cowan, G Flaecher, HU Hopkins, DA Jackson, PS McMahon, TR Ricciardi, S Salvatore, F Brown, DN Davis, CL Allison, J Barlow, NR Barlow, RJ Chia, YM Edgar, CL Kelly, MP Lafferty, GD Naisbit, MT Williams, JC Yi, JI Chen, C Hulsbergen, WD Jawahery, A Kovalskyi, D Lae, CK Roberts, DA Simi, G Blaylock, G Dallapiccola, C Hertzbach, SS Li, X Moore, TB Saremi, S Staengle, H Willocq, SY Cowan, R Koeneke, K Sciolla, G Sekula, SJ Spitznagel, M Taylor, F Yamamoto, RK Kim, H Patel, PM Potter, CT Robertson, SH Lazzaro, A Lombardo, V Palombo, F Bauer, JM Cremaldi, L Eschenburg, V Godang, R Kroeger, R Reidy, J Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Zhao, HW Brunet, S Cote, D Simard, M Taras, P Viaud, FB Nicholson, H Cavallo, N De Nardo, G Fabozzi, F Gatto, C Lista, L Monorchio, D Piccolo, D Sciacca, C Baak, M Bulten, H Raven, G Snoek, HL Jessop, CP LoSecco, JM Allmendinger, T Benelli, G Gan, KK Honscheid, K Hufnagel, D Jackson, PD Kagan, H Kass, R Pulliam, T Rahimi, AM Ter-Antonyan, R Wong, QK Blount, NL Brau, J Frey, R Igonkina, O Lu, M Rahmat, R Sinev, NB Strom, D Strube, J Torrence, E Galeazzi, F Gaz, A Margoni, M Morandin, M Pompili, A Posocco, M Rotondo, M Simonetto, F Stroili, R Voci, C Benayoun, M Chauveau, J David, P Del Buono, L de la Vaissiuere, C Hamon, O Hartfiel, BL John, MJJ Leruste, P Malcles, J Ocariz, J Roos, L Therin, G Behera, PK Gladney, L Panetta, J Biasini, M Covarelli, R Pioppi, M Angelini, C Batignani, G Bettarini, S Bucci, F Calderini, G Carpinelli, M Cenci, R Forti, F Giorgi, MA Lusiani, A Marchiori, G Mazur, MA Morganti, M Neri, N Paoloni, E Rama, M Rizzo, G Walsh, J Haire, M Judd, D Wagoner, DE Biesiada, J Danielson, N Elmer, P Lau, YP Lu, C Olsen, J Smith, AJS Telnov, AV Bellini, F Cavoto, G D'Orazio, A Di Marco, E Faccini, R Ferrarotto, F Ferroni, F Gaspero, M Gioi, LL Mazzoni, MA Morganti, S Piredda, G Polci, F Tehrani, FS Voena, C Schroder, H Waldi, R Adye, T De Groot, N Franek, B Olaiya, EO Wilson, FF Emery, S Gaidot, A Ganzhur, SF de Monchenault, GH Kozanecki, W Legendre, M Mayer, B Vasseur, G Yeeche, C Zito, M Park, W Purohit, MV Weidemann, AW Wilson, JR Allen, MT Aston, D Bartoldus, R Bechtle, P Berger, N Boyarski, AM Claus, R Coleman, JP Convery, MR Cristinziani, M Dingfelder, JC Dong, D Dorfan, J Dujmic, D Dunwoodie, W Field, RC Glanzman, T Gowdy, SJ Halyo, V Hast, C Hryn'ova, T Innes, WR Kelsey, MH Kim, P Kocian, ML Leith, DWGS Libby, J Luitz, S Luth, V Lynch, HL MacFarlane, DB Marsiske, H Messner, R Muller, DR O'Grady, CP Ozcan, VE Perazzo, A Perl, M Ratcliff, BN Roodman, A Salnikov, AA Schindler, RH Schwiening, J Snyder, A Stelzer, J Su, D Sullivan, MK Suzuki, K Swain, SK Thompson, JM Va'vra, J van Bakel, N Weaver, M Weinstein, AJR Wisniewski, WJ Wittgen, M Wright, DH Yarritu, AK Yi, K Young, CC Burchat, PR Edwards, AJ Majewski, SA Petersen, BA Roat, C Wilden, L Ahmed, S Alam, MS Bula, R Ernst, JA Jain, V Pan, B Saeed, MA Wappler, FR Zain, SB Bugg, W Krishnamurthy, M Spanier, SM Eckmann, R Ritchie, JL Satpathy, A Schwitters, RF Izen, JM Kitayama, I Lou, XC Ye, S Bianchi, F Bona, M Gallo, F Gamba, D Bomben, M Bosisio, L Cartaro, C Cossutti, F Della Ricca, G Dittongo, S Grancagnolo, S Lanceri, L Vitale, L Azzolini, V Martinez-Vidal, F Panvini, RS Banerjee, S Bhuyan, B Brown, CM Fortin, D Hamano, K Kowalewski, R Nugent, IM Roney, JM Sobie, RJ Back, JJ Harrison, PF Latham, TE Mohanty, GB Band, HR Chen, X Cheng, B Dasu, S Datta, M Eichenbaum, AM Flood, KT Graham, MT Hollar, JJ Johnson, JR Kutter, PE Li, H Liu, R Mellado, B Mihalyi, A Mohapatra, AK Pan, Y Pierini, M Prepost, R Tan, P Wu, SL Yu, Z Neal, H CA BABAR Collaboration TI Branching fraction limits for B-0 decays to eta ' eta, eta 'pi(0) and eta pi(0) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID QCD FACTORIZATION AB We describe searches for decays to two-body charmless final states eta(')eta, eta(')pi(0) and eta pi(0) of B-0 mesons produced in e(+)e(-) annihilation. The data, collected with the BABAR detector at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, represent 232x10(6) produced B (B) over bar pairs. The results for branching fractions are, in units of 10(-6) (upper limits at 90% C.L.): B(B-0->eta(')eta)=0.2(-0.5)(+0.7)+/- 0.4(< 1.7), B(B-0->eta pi(0))=0.6(-0.4)(+0.5)+/- 0.1(< 1.3), and B(B-0->eta(')pi(0))=0.8(-0.6)(+0.8)+/- 0.1(< 2.1). The first error quoted is statistical and the second systematic. C1 Phys Particules Lab, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. Univ Barcelona, Fac Fis, Dept Estructura & Constituents Mat, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. Univ Bari, Dipartmento Fis, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Univ Bari, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-70126 Bari, Italy. Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. Univ Bergen, Inst Phys, N-5007 Bergen, Norway. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. Ruhr Univ Bochum, Inst Phys Expt, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. Univ Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. Brunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England. Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Univ Dortmund, Inst Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany. Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Kern & Teilchenphys, D-01062 Dresden, Germany. Ecole Polytech, LLR, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. Univ Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Midlothian, Scotland. Univ Ferrara, Dipartmento Fis, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. Univ Genoa, Dipartimento Fis, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Heidelberg Univ, Inst Phys, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London SW7 2AZ, England. Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Univ Karlsruhe, Inst Expt Kernphys, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany. CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Accelerateur Lineaire, F-91898 Orsay, France. Univ Paris 11, Ctr Sci Orsay, F-91898 Orsay, France. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England. Univ London, Queen Mary, London E1 4NS, England. Univ London Royal Holloway & Bedford New Coll, Egham TW20 0EX, Surrey, England. Univ Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. Univ Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. MIT, Nucl Sci Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA. Univ Montreal, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. Mt Holyoke Coll, S Hadley, MA 01075 USA. Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Sci Fis, I-80126 Naples, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-80126 Naples, Italy. NIKHEF, Natl Inst Nucl Phys & High Energy Phys, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Univ Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-35131 Padua, Italy. Univ Paris 06, Lab Phys Nucl & Hautes Energies, F-75252 Paris, France. Univ Paris 07, Lab Phys Nucl & Hautes Energies, F-75252 Paris, France. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. Univ Pisa, Scuola Normale Super Pisa, Dipartimento Fis, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. Prairie View A&M Univ, Prairie View, TX 77446 USA. Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Univ Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. CEA Saclay, DSM Dapnia, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. SUNY Albany, Albany, NY 12222 USA. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Univ Texas, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Sperimentale, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Univ Trieste, Dipartmento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. Univ Valencia, CSIC, IFIC, E-46071 Valencia, Spain. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Phys Corpusculaire Lab, Clermont Ferrand, France. Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. Univ Basilicata, I-85100 Potenza, Italy. Univ Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6, Canada. Univ Warwick, Dept Phys, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. RP Martinez-Vidal, F (reprint author), Phys Particules Lab, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. RI Di Lodovico, Francesca/L-9109-2016; Pappagallo, Marco/R-3305-2016; Calcaterra, Alessandro/P-5260-2015; Frey, Raymond/E-2830-2016; Oyanguren, Arantza/K-6454-2014; Luppi, Eleonora/A-4902-2015; Calabrese, Roberto/G-4405-2015; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/G-7212-2015; Martinez Vidal, F*/L-7563-2014; Kolomensky, Yury/I-3510-2015; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/J-5049-2012; Grancagnolo, Sergio/J-3957-2015; Lusiani, Alberto/N-2976-2015; Morandin, Mauro/A-3308-2016; Lusiani, Alberto/A-3329-2016; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Peters, Klaus/C-2728-2008; de Groot, Nicolo/A-2675-2009; Negrini, Matteo/C-8906-2014; Monge, Maria Roberta/G-9127-2012; Lista, Luca/C-5719-2008; Bellini, Fabio/D-1055-2009; Neri, Nicola/G-3991-2012; Forti, Francesco/H-3035-2011; Rotondo, Marcello/I-6043-2012; Patrignani, Claudia/C-5223-2009; de Sangro, Riccardo/J-2901-2012; Cavallo, Nicola/F-8913-2012; Saeed, Mohammad Alam/J-7455-2012 OI Di Lodovico, Francesca/0000-0003-3952-2175; Pappagallo, Marco/0000-0001-7601-5602; Calcaterra, Alessandro/0000-0003-2670-4826; Frey, Raymond/0000-0003-0341-2636; Oyanguren, Arantza/0000-0002-8240-7300; Luppi, Eleonora/0000-0002-1072-5633; Calabrese, Roberto/0000-0002-1354-5400; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/0000-0002-4276-715X; Martinez Vidal, F*/0000-0001-6841-6035; Kolomensky, Yury/0000-0001-8496-9975; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/0000-0002-6520-4480; Grancagnolo, Sergio/0000-0001-8490-8304; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Morandin, Mauro/0000-0003-4708-4240; Lusiani, Alberto/0000-0002-6876-3288; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Peters, Klaus/0000-0001-7133-0662; Negrini, Matteo/0000-0003-0101-6963; Monge, Maria Roberta/0000-0003-1633-3195; Bellini, Fabio/0000-0002-2936-660X; Neri, Nicola/0000-0002-6106-3756; Forti, Francesco/0000-0001-6535-7965; Rotondo, Marcello/0000-0001-5704-6163; Patrignani, Claudia/0000-0002-5882-1747; de Sangro, Riccardo/0000-0002-3808-5455; Saeed, Mohammad Alam/0000-0002-3529-9255 NR 19 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 EI 1550-2368 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 7 AR 071102 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.73.071102 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 037PF UT WOS:000237158500002 ER PT J AU Bedaque, PF Sato, I Walker-Loud, A AF Bedaque, PF Sato, I Walker-Loud, A TI Finite volume corrections to pi pi scattering SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID TWISTED BOUNDARY-CONDITIONS; CHIRAL PERTURBATION-THEORY; QUANTUM-FIELD THEORIES; LATTICE QCD; WILSON FERMIONS; ENERGY-SPECTRUM; PHASE-SHIFTS; LENGTH; STATES; QUARKS AB Lattice QCD studies of hadron-hadron interactions are performed by computing the energy levels of the system in a finite box. The shifts in energy levels proportional to inverse powers of the volume are related to scattering parameters in a model independent way. In addition, there are nonuniversal exponentially suppressed corrections that distort this relation. These terms are proportional to e(pi)(-m)L and become relevant as the chiral limit is approached. In this paper we report on a one-loop chiral perturbation theory calculation of the leading exponential corrections in the case of I=2 pi pi scattering near threshold. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Bedaque, PF (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM bedaque@umd.edu; isato@lbl.gov; walkloud@u.washington.edu NR 48 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 7 AR 074501 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.73.074501 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 037PF UT WOS:000237158500047 ER PT J AU Bennett, GW Bousquet, B Brown, HN Bunce, G Carey, RM Cushman, P Danby, GT Debevec, PT Deile, M Deng, H Deninger, W Dhawan, SK Druzhinin, VP Duong, L Efstathiadis, E Farley, FJM Fedotovich, GV Giron, S Gray, FE Grigoriev, D Grosse-Perdekamp, M Grossmann, A Hare, MF Hertzog, DW Huang, X Hughes, VW Iwasaki, M Jungmann, K Kawall, D Kawamura, M Khazin, BI Kindem, J Krienen, F Kronkvist, I Lam, A Larsen, R Lee, YY Logashenko, I McNabb, R Meng, W Mi, J Miller, JP Mizumachi, Y Morse, WM Nikas, D Onderwater, CJG Orlov, Y Ozben, CS Paley, JM Peng, Q Polly, CC Pretz, J Prigl, R Putlitz, GZ Qian, T Redin, SI Rind, O Roberts, BL Ryskulov, N Sedykh, S Semertzidis, YK Shagin, P Shatunov, YM Sichtermann, EP Solodov, E Sossong, M Steinmetz, A Sulak, LR Timmermans, C Trofimov, A Urner, D von Walter, P Warburton, D Winn, D Yamamoto, A Zimmerman, D AF Bennett, GW Bousquet, B Brown, HN Bunce, G Carey, RM Cushman, P Danby, GT Debevec, PT Deile, M Deng, H Deninger, W Dhawan, SK Druzhinin, VP Duong, L Efstathiadis, E Farley, FJM Fedotovich, GV Giron, S Gray, FE Grigoriev, D Grosse-Perdekamp, M Grossmann, A Hare, MF Hertzog, DW Huang, X Hughes, VW Iwasaki, M Jungmann, K Kawall, D Kawamura, M Khazin, BI Kindem, J Krienen, F Kronkvist, I Lam, A Larsen, R Lee, YY Logashenko, I McNabb, R Meng, W Mi, J Miller, JP Mizumachi, Y Morse, WM Nikas, D Onderwater, CJG Orlov, Y Ozben, CS Paley, JM Peng, Q Polly, CC Pretz, J Prigl, R Putlitz, GZ Qian, T Redin, SI Rind, O Roberts, BL Ryskulov, N Sedykh, S Semertzidis, YK Shagin, P Shatunov, YM Sichtermann, EP Solodov, E Sossong, M Steinmetz, A Sulak, LR Timmermans, C Trofimov, A Urner, D von Walter, P Warburton, D Winn, D Yamamoto, A Zimmerman, D CA Muon g-2 Collaboration TI Final report of the E821 muon anomalous magnetic moment measurement at BNL SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID BY-LIGHT CONTRIBUTION; STORAGE-RING MAGNET; HADRONIC CONTRIBUTIONS; G-2 EXPERIMENT; ELECTROMAGNETIC INTERACTIONS; SCATTERING CONTRIBUTION; ELECTROWEAK CORRECTIONS; E(+)E(-) ANNIHILATION; PRECISE MEASUREMENT; BOHR MAGNETONS AB We present the final report from a series of precision measurements of the muon anomalous magnetic moment, a(mu)=(g-2)/2. The details of the experimental method, apparatus, data taking, and analysis are summarized. Data obtained at Brookhaven National Laboratory, using nearly equal samples of positive and negative muons, were used to deduce a(mu)(Expt)=11659208.0(5.4)(3.3)x10(-10), where the statistical and systematic uncertainties are given, respectively. The combined uncertainty of 0.54 ppm represents a 14-fold improvement compared to previous measurements at CERN. The standard model value for a(mu) includes contributions from virtual QED, weak, and hadronic processes. While the QED processes account for most of the anomaly, the largest theoretical uncertainty, approximate to 0.55 ppm, is associated with first-order hadronic vacuum polarization. Present standard model evaluations, based on e(+)e(-) hadronic cross sections, lie 2.2-2.7 standard deviations below the experimental result. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Boston Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. Cornell Univ, Newman Lab, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. Fairfield Univ, Fairfield, CT 06430 USA. Univ Groningen, Kernfys Versneller Inst, NL-9747 AA Groningen, Netherlands. Univ Heidelberg, Inst Phys, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. KEK, High Energy Accelerator Res Org, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. Univ Minnesota, Dept Phys, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Tokyo Univ Sci, Tokyo 1538902, Japan. Tokyo Inst Technol, Meguro Ku, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Bennett, GW (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Jungmann, Klaus/A-7142-2010; jungmann, klaus/H-1581-2013; Semertzidis, Yannis K./N-1002-2013; Logashenko, Ivan/A-3872-2014; Iwasaki, Masahiko/M-8433-2014 OI jungmann, klaus/0000-0003-0571-4072; Iwasaki, Masahiko/0000-0002-3460-9469 NR 74 TC 933 Z9 941 U1 3 U2 43 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 7 AR 072003 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.73.072003 PG 41 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 037PF UT WOS:000237158500009 ER PT J AU Bousso, R Freivogel, B AF Bousso, R Freivogel, B TI Asymptotic states of the bounce geometry SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article AB We consider the question of asymptotic observables in cosmology. We assume that string theory contains a landscape of vacua, and that metastable de Sitter regions can decay to a zero cosmological constant by bubble nucleation. The asymptotic properties of the corresponding bounce solution should be incorporated in a nonperturbative quantum theory of cosmology. A recent proposal for such a framework defines an S matrix between the past and future boundaries of the bounce. We analyze in detail the properties of asymptotic states in this proposal, finding that generic small perturbations of the initial state cause a global crunch. We conclude that late-time amplitudes should be computed directly. This would require a string theory analog of the no-boundary proposal. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr Theoret Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Bousso, R (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 41 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 8 AR 083507 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.73.083507 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 037PQ UT WOS:000237159600019 ER PT J AU Chisholm, JR AF Chisholm, JR TI Clustering of primordial black holes: Basic results SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID PROBE WMAP OBSERVATIONS; DENSITY PERTURBATIONS; EARLY UNIVERSE; DARK-MATTER; SPATIAL CORRELATIONS; GRAVITATIONAL-WAVES; HYBRID INFLATION; GALAXY FORMATION; MACHO BINARIES; GAMMA-RAYS AB We investigate the spatial clustering properties of primordial black holes (PBHs). With minimal assumptions, we show that PBHs created in the radiation era are highly clustered. Using the peaks theory model of bias, we compute the PBH two-point correlation function and power spectrum. For creation from an initially adiabatic power spectrum of perturbations, the PBH power spectrum contains both isocurvature and adiabatic components. The absence of observed isocurvature fluctuations today constrains the mass range in which PBHs may serve as dark matter. We briefly discuss other consequences of PBH clustering. C1 Univ Florida, Inst Fundamental Theory, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Ctr Particle Astrophys, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Chisholm, JR (reprint author), Univ Florida, Inst Fundamental Theory, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM chisholm@phys.ufl.edu NR 84 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 EI 1550-2368 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 8 AR 083504 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.73.083504 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 037PQ UT WOS:000237159600016 ER PT J AU Dudek, JJ Edwards, RG Richards, DG AF Dudek, JJ Edwards, RG Richards, DG TI Radiative transitions in charmonium from lattice QCD SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID QUARK-MODEL; MESONS; DECAY; CHROMODYNAMICS AB Radiative transitions between charmonium states offer an insight into the internal structure of heavy-quark bound states within QCD. We compute, for the first time within lattice QCD, the transition form factors of various multipolarities between the lightest few charmonium states. In addition, we compute the experimentally unobservable, but physically interesting vector form factors of the eta(c), J/psi, and chi(c0). To this end we apply an ambitious combination of lattice techniques, computing three-point functions with heavy domain-wall fermions on an anisotropic lattice within the quenched approximation. With an anisotropy xi=3 at a(s)similar to 0.1 fm we find a reasonable gross spectrum and a hyperfine splitting similar to 90 MeV, which compares favorably with other improved actions. In general, after extrapolation of lattice data at nonzero Q(2) to the photopoint, our results agree within errors with all well-measured experimental values. Furthermore, results are compared with the expectations of simple quark models where we find that many features are in agreement; beyond this we propose the possibility of constraining such models using our extracted values of physically unobservable quantities such as the J/psi quadrupole moment. We conclude that our methods are successful and propose to apply them to the problem of radiative transitions involving hybrid mesons, with the eventual goal of predicting hybrid meson photoproduction rates at the GlueX experiment. C1 Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Dudek, JJ (reprint author), Jefferson Lab, Mail Stop 12H2,12000 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. EM dudek@jlab.org NR 57 TC 92 Z9 92 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 EI 1550-2368 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 7 AR 074507 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.73.074507 PG 23 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 037PF UT WOS:000237158500053 ER PT J AU Eichten, EJ Lane, K Quigg, C AF Eichten, EJ Lane, K Quigg, C TI New states above charm threshold (vol D 73, art no 014014, 2006) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Correction C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Dept Theoret Phys, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Boston Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA. RP Eichten, EJ (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Dept Theoret Phys, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 1 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 7 AR 079903 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.73.079903 PG 1 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 037PF UT WOS:000237158500086 ER PT J AU Hill, CT AF Hill, CT TI Anomalies, Chern-Simons terms and chiral delocalization in extra dimensions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID MASSIVE GAUGE-THEORIES; SPLIT FERMIONS AB Gauge invariant topological interactions, such as the D=5 Chern-Simons (CS) term, are required in models in extra dimensions that split anomaly free representations. The Chern-Simons term is necessary to maintain the overall anomaly cancellations of the theory, but it can have significant, observable, physical effects. The CS term locks the Kaluza-Klein (KK)-mode parity to the parity of space-time, leaving a single parity symmetry. It leads to new processes among KK modes e.g., the decay of a KK mode to a 2-body final state of KK modes. A formalism for the effective interaction among KK modes is constructed, and the decay of a KK mode to KK mode plus zero mode is analyzed as an example. We elaborate the general KK-mode current and anomaly structure of these theories. This includes a detailed study of the triangle diagrams and the associated "consistent anomalies" for Weyl spinors on the boundary branes. We also develop the non-Abelian formalism. We illustrate this by showing in a simple way how a D=5 Yang-Mills "quark flavor" symmetry leads to the D=4 chiral Lagrangian of mesons and the quantized Wess-Zumino-Witten term. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Hill, CT (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM hill@fnal.gov NR 28 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 8 AR 085001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.73.085001 PG 25 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 037PQ UT WOS:000237159600068 ER PT J AU Holman, R Martin, MR AF Holman, R Martin, MR TI Boundary localized symmetry breaking and topological defects SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID RANDALL-SUNDRUM MODEL; MAGNETIC MONOPOLES; EXTRA DIMENSIONS; COSMIC STRINGS; BULK AB We discuss the structure of topological defects in the context of extra dimensions where the symmetry breaking terms are localized. These defects develop structure in the extra dimension which differs from the case where symmetry breaking is not localized. This new structure can lead to corrections to the mass scale of the defects which is not captured by a simple effective theory obtained by integrating out the extra dimension. We also consider the Higgsless model of symmetry breaking and show that no finite energy defects appear in some situations where they might have been expected. C1 Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Holman, R (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. EM rh4a@andrew.cmu.edu; mrmartin@lanl.gov NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 8 AR 085006 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.73.085006 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 037PQ UT WOS:000237159600073 ER PT J AU Idilbi, A Ji, XD Ma, JP Yuan, F AF Idilbi, A Ji, XD Ma, JP Yuan, F TI Threshold resummation for Higgs production in effective field theory SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID BOSON PRODUCTION; CROSS-SECTION; ORDER SOFT; QCD; RENORMALIZATION; COLLIDERS; LOOPS AB We present an effective field theory approach to resum the large double logarithms originated from soft-gluon radiations at small final-state hadron invariant masses in Higgs and vector boson (gamma(*),W,Z) production at hadron colliders. The approach is conceptually simple, independent of details of an effective field theory formulation, and valid to all orders in subleading logarithms. As an example, we show the result of summing the next-to-next-to-next-to leading logarithms is identical to that of the standard pQCD factorization method. C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Peking Univ, Dept Phys, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. Acad Sinica, Inst Theoret Phys, Beijing 100080, Peoples R China. Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN, BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RI Yuan, Feng/N-4175-2013 NR 33 TC 76 Z9 76 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 7 AR 077501 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.73.077501 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 037PF UT WOS:000237158500080 ER PT J AU Kogut, JB Sinclair, DK AF Kogut, JB Sinclair, DK TI Evidence for O(2) universality at the finite temperature transition for lattice QCD with 2 flavors of massless staggered quarks SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID CHIRAL PHASE-TRANSITION; MONTE-CARLO; 2-FLAVOR QCD; THERMODYNAMICS; MODEL; EQUATION; STATE; N-T=6 AB We simulate lattice QCD with 2 flavours of massless quarks on lattices of temporal extent N-t=8, to study the finite temperature transition from hadronic matter to a quark-gluon plasma. A modified action which incorporates an irrelevant chiral 4-fermion interaction is used, which allows simulations at zero quark mass. We obtain excellent fits of the chiral condensates to the magnetizations of a 3-dimensional O(2) spin model on lattices small enough to model the finite size effects. This gives predictions for correlation lengths and chiral susceptibilities from the corresponding spin-model quantities. These are in good agreement with our measurements over the relevant range of parameters. Binder cumulants are measured, but the errors are too large to draw definite conclusions. From the properties of the O(2) spin model on the relatively small lattices with which we fit our data, we can see why earlier attempts to fit staggered lattice data to leading-order infinite-volume scaling functions, as well as finite size scaling studies, failed and led to erroneous conclusions. C1 US DOE, Div High Energy Phys, Washington, DC 20585 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, TQHN, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, HEP Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Kogut, JB (reprint author), US DOE, Div High Energy Phys, Washington, DC 20585 USA. NR 32 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 EI 1550-2368 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 7 AR 074512 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.73.074512 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 037PF UT WOS:000237158500058 ER PT J AU Londergan, JT Murdock, DP Thomas, AW AF Londergan, JT Murdock, DP Thomas, AW TI Parton charge symmetry violation: Electromagnetic effects and W production asymmetries SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID NEUTRINO-NUCLEON SCATTERING; DISTRIBUTIONS; ALPHA(S); FREEDOM; PROTON; QUARKS AB Recent phenomenological work has examined two different ways of including charge symmetry violation in parton distribution functions. First, a global phenomenological fit to high energy data has included charge symmetry breaking terms, leading to limits on the magnitude of parton charge symmetry breaking. In a second approach, two groups have included the coupling of partons to photons in the QCD evolution equations. One possible experiment that could search for isospin violation in parton distributions is a measurement of the asymmetry in W production at a collider. In this work we include both of the postulated sources of parton charge symmetry violation. We show that, given charge symmetry violation of a magnitude consistent with existing high energy data, the expected W production asymmetries would be quite small, generally less than 1%. C1 Indiana Univ, Dept Phys & Nucl Theory Ctr, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. Tennessee Technol Univ, Dept Phys, Cookeville, TN 38505 USA. Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Londergan, JT (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Dept Phys & Nucl Theory Ctr, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. EM tlonderg@indiana.edu; murdock@tntech.edu; awthomas@jlab.org RI Thomas, Anthony/G-4194-2012 OI Thomas, Anthony/0000-0003-0026-499X NR 30 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 EI 1550-2368 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 7 AR 076004 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.73.076004 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 037PF UT WOS:000237158500077 ER PT J AU Mena, O Palomares-Ruiz, S Pascoli, S AF Mena, O Palomares-Ruiz, S Pascoli, S TI Determining the neutrino mass hierarchy and CP-violation in NO nu A with a second off-axis detector SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Review ID DOUBLE-BETA-DECAY; SUPER-BEAM FACILITY; ATMOSPHERIC NEUTRINOS; OSCILLATION EXPERIMENTS; PARAMETRIC-RESONANCE; MAJORANA NEUTRINOS; T-VIOLATION; 3-NEUTRINO OSCILLATIONS; SOLAR; EARTH AB We consider a Super-NO nu A-like experimental configuration based on the use of two detectors in a long-baseline experiment as NO nu A. We take the far detector as in the present NO nu A proposal and add a second detector at a shorter baseline. The location of the second off-axis detector is chosen such that the ratio L/E is the same for both detectors, being L the baseline and E the neutrino energy. We consider liquid argon and water-Cerenkov techniques for the second off-axis detector and study, for different experimental setups, the detector mass required for the determination of the neutrino mass hierarchy, for different values of theta(13). We also study the capabilities of such an experimental setup for determining CP-violation in the neutrino sector. Our results show that by adding a second off-axis detector a remarkable enhancement on the capabilities of the current NO nu A experiment could be achieved. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Dept Theoret Phys, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. CERN, Div Theory, Dept Phys, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. Univ Durham, Dept Phys, IPPP, Durham DH1 3LE, England. RP Mena, O (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Dept Theoret Phys, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM omena@fnal.gov; sergio.palomares-ruiz@vanderbilt.edu; Silvia.Pascoli@cern.ch RI Palomares-Ruiz, Sergio/K-8048-2014 OI Palomares-Ruiz, Sergio/0000-0001-9049-2288 NR 157 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 EI 1550-2368 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 7 AR 073007 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.73.073007 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 037PF UT WOS:000237158500018 ER PT J AU Mocsy, A Petreczky, P AF Mocsy, A Petreczky, P TI Quarkonia correlators above deconfinement SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID HEAVY QUARKONIUM; BOUND-STATES; GLUON PLASMA; QCD; TEMPERATURE; POTENTIALS; LATTICE; NRQCD AB We study the quarkonia correlators above deconfinement using the potential model with screened temperature-dependent potentials. We find that while the qualitative features of the spectral functions, such as the survival of the 1S state, can be reproduced by potential models, the temperature dependence of the correlators disagree with the recent lattice data. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Frankfurt, Inst Theoret Phys, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany. Univ Frankfurt, FIAS, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany. RP Mocsy, A (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM mocsy@bnl.gov; petreczk@quark.phy.bnl.gov NR 42 TC 91 Z9 91 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 7 AR 074007 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.73.074007 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 037PF UT WOS:000237158500030 ER PT J AU Mukherjee, A Vogelsang, W AF Mukherjee, A Vogelsang, W TI Threshold resummation for W-boson production at BNL RHIC SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID DRELL-YAN PROCESS; LIGHT-QUARK SEA; ANTIQUARK FLAVOR ASYMMETRY; SOFT GLUON RESUMMATION; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; QCD CORRECTIONS; SPIN ASYMMETRIES; SEMIINCLUSIVE DIS; CROSS-SECTIONS; GOTTFRIED SUM AB We study the resummation of large logarithmic perturbative corrections to the partonic cross sections relevant for the process pp ->(WX)-X-+/- at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). At RHIC, polarized protons are available, and spin asymmetries for this process will be used for precise measurements of the up and down quark and antiquark distributions in the proton. The corrections arise near the threshold for the partonic reaction and are associated with soft-gluon emission. We perform the resummation to next-to-leading logarithmic accuracy, for the rapidity-differential cross section. We find that resummation leads to relatively moderate effects on the cross sections and spin asymmetries. C1 Indian Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Bombay 400076, Maharashtra, India. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Indian Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Bombay 400076, Maharashtra, India. EM asmita@phy.iitb.ac.in; vogelsan@quark.phy.bnl.gov NR 77 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 7 AR 074005 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.73.074005 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 037PF UT WOS:000237158500028 ER PT J AU Sidorov, AV Weiss, C AF Sidorov, AV Weiss, C TI Higher twists in polarized DIS and the size of the constituent quark SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID DEEP-INELASTIC-SCATTERING; SPIN STRUCTURE FUNCTIONS; EXACT CHIRAL-SYMMETRY; QUENCHED LATTICE QCD; PARTON SUM-RULES; N-C LIMIT; POWER CORRECTIONS; GLUON CONDENSATE; PRECISION-MEASUREMENT; MATRIX-ELEMENTS AB The spontaneous breaking of chiral symmetry implies the presence of a short-distance scale in the QCD vacuum, which phenomenologically may be associated with the size of the constituent quark, rho approximate to 0.3 fm. We discuss the role of this scale in the matrix elements of the twist-4 and 3 quark-gluon operators determining the leading power (1/Q(2))-corrections to the moments of the nucleon spin structure functions. We argue that the flavor-nonsinglet twist-4 matrix element, f(2)(u-d), has a sizable negative value of the order rho(-2), due to the presence of sea quarks with virtualities similar to rho(-2) in the proton wave function. The twist-3 matrix element, d(2), is not related to the scale rho(-2). Our arguments support the results of previous calculations of the matrix elements in the instanton vacuum model. We show that this qualitative picture is in agreement with the phenomenological higher-twist correction extracted from an NLO QCD fit to the world data on g(1)(p) and g(1)(n), which include recent data from the Jefferson Lab Hall A and COMPASS experiments. We comment on the implications of the short-distance scale rho for quark-hadron duality and the x-dependence of higher-twist contributions. C1 Joint Inst Nucl Res, Bogoliubov Lab Theoret Phys, Dubna 141980, Russia. Jefferson Lab, Ctr Theory, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Sidorov, AV (reprint author), Joint Inst Nucl Res, Bogoliubov Lab Theoret Phys, Dubna 141980, Russia. NR 56 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 7 AR 074016 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.73.074016 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 037PF UT WOS:000237158500039 ER PT J AU Silverstein, E AF Silverstein, E TI Dimensional mutation and spacelike singularities SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID HETEROTIC STRINGS; QUANTUM-GRAVITY; COSMOLOGY; MODEL AB I argue that string theory compactified on a Riemann surface crosses over at small volume to a higher dimensional background of supercritical string theory. Several concrete measures of the count of degrees of freedom of the theory yield the consistent result that at finite volume, the effective dimensionality is increased by an amount of order 2h/V for a surface of genus h and volume V in string units. This arises in part from an exponentially growing density of states of winding modes supported by the fundamental group, and passes an interesting test of modular invariance. Further evidence for a plethora of examples with the spacelike singularity replaced by a higher dimensional phase arises from the fact that the sigma model on a Riemann surface can be naturally completed by many gauged linear sigma models, whose RG flows approximate time evolution in the full string backgrounds arising from this in the limit of large dimensionality. In recent examples of spacelike singularity resolution by tachyon condensation, the singularity is ultimately replaced by a phase with all modes becoming heavy and decoupling. In the present case, the opposite behavior ensues: more light degrees of freedom arise in the small radius regime. We comment on the emerging zoology of cosmological singularities that results. C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. NR 37 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 8 AR 086004 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.73.086004 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 037PQ UT WOS:000237159600085 ER PT J AU Xu, QH Liang, ZT Sichtermann, E AF Xu, QH Liang, ZT Sichtermann, E TI Anti-Lambda polarization in high energy pp collisions with polarized beams SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID DEEP-INELASTIC-SCATTERING; NEUTRON SPIN STRUCTURE; CHARGED CURRENT INTERACTIONS; STRUCTURE-FUNCTION G(1)(N); (LAMBDA)OVER-BAR POLARIZATION; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; BARYON PRODUCTION; NOMAD EXPERIMENT; QCD ANALYSIS; PROTON AB We study the polarization of the anti-Lambda particle in polarized high energy pp collisions at large transverse momenta. The anti-Lambda polarization is found to be sensitive to the polarization of the antistrange sea of the nucleon. We make predictions using different parametrizations of the polarized quark distribution functions. The results show that the measurement of longitudinal anti-Lambda polarization can distinguish different parametrizations, and that similar measurements in the transversely polarized case can give some insights into the transversity distribution of the antistrange sea of nucleon. C1 Shandong Univ, Dept Phys, Jinan 250100, Peoples R China. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Xu, QH (reprint author), Shandong Univ, Dept Phys, Jinan 250100, Peoples R China. NR 57 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 EI 1550-2368 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 7 AR 077503 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.73.077503 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 037PF UT WOS:000237158500082 ER PT J AU Das, D Martin, RM Kalos, MH AF Das, D Martin, RM Kalos, MH TI Quantum Monte Carlo method using a stochastic Poisson solver SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID STRUCTURAL-PROPERTIES; DOTS; SIMULATIONS; HYDROGEN; SYSTEMS; HELIUM; SOLIDS; ATOMS AB The quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) technique is an extremely powerful method to treat many-body systems. Usually the quantum Monte Carlo method has been applied in cases where the interaction potential has a simple analytic form, like the 1/r Coulomb potential. However, in a complicated environment as in a semiconductor heterostructure, the evaluation of the interaction itself becomes a nontrivial problem. Obtaining the potential from any grid-based finite-difference method for every walker and every step is infeasible. We demonstrate an alternative approach of solving the Poisson equation by a classical Monte Carlo calculation within the overall quantum Monte Carlo scheme. We have developed a modified "walk on spheres" algorithm using Green's function techniques, which can efficiently account for the interaction energy of walker configurations, typical of quantum Monte Carlo algorithms. This stochastically obtained potential can be easily incorporated with variational, diffusion, and other Monte Carlo techniques. We demonstrate the validity of this method by studying a simple problem, the polarization of a helium atom in the electric field of an infinite capacitor. C1 Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Das, D (reprint author), Univ Illinois, 1110 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 4 AR 046702 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.73.046702 PN 2 PG 14 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 037KX UT WOS:000237146800087 PM 16711950 ER PT J AU Jarzynski, C AF Jarzynski, C TI Rare events and the convergence of exponentially averaged work values SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID FREE-ENERGY DIFFERENCES; FLUCTUATION-DISSIPATION RELATIONS; EQUILIBRIUM FREE-ENERGIES; JARZYNSKI EQUALITY; NONEQUILIBRIUM MEASUREMENTS; STEADY-STATES; 2ND LAW; STOCHASTIC DYNAMICS; RESPONSE THEORY; THEOREM AB Equilibrium free energy differences are given by exponential averages of nonequilibrium work values; such averages, however, often converge poorly, as they are dominated by rare realizations. I show that there is a simple and intuitively appealing description of these rare but dominant realizations. This description is expressed as a duality between "forward" and "reverse" processes, and provides both heuristic insights and quantitative estimates regarding the number of realizations needed for convergence of the exponential average. Analogous results apply to the equilibrium perturbation method of estimating free energy differences. The pedagogical example of a piston and gas [R.C. Lua and A.Y. Grosberg, J. Phys. Chem. B 109, 6805 (2005)] is used to illustrate the general discussion. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Jarzynski, C (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, T-13,MS B213, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM chrisj@lanl.gov RI Jarzynski, Christopher/B-4490-2009 OI Jarzynski, Christopher/0000-0002-3464-2920 NR 68 TC 163 Z9 163 U1 3 U2 33 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 4 AR 046105 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.73.046105 PN 2 PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 037KX UT WOS:000237146800013 PM 16711876 ER PT J AU Martinolli, E Koenig, M Baton, SD Santos, JJ Amiranoff, F Batani, D Perelli-Cippo, E Scianitti, F Gremillet, L Melizzi, R Decoster, A Rousseaux, C Hall, TA Key, MH Snavely, R MacKinnon, AJ Freeman, RR King, JA Stephens, R Neely, D Clarke, RJ AF Martinolli, E Koenig, M Baton, SD Santos, JJ Amiranoff, F Batani, D Perelli-Cippo, E Scianitti, F Gremillet, L Melizzi, R Decoster, A Rousseaux, C Hall, TA Key, MH Snavely, R MacKinnon, AJ Freeman, RR King, JA Stephens, R Neely, D Clarke, RJ TI Fast-electron transport and heating of solid targets in high-intensity laser interactions measured by K alpha fluorescence SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID IRRADIATED TARGETS; DEPOSITION; IGNITION; SPECTRA; PLASMAS; PULSES AB We present experimental results on fast-electron energy deposition into solid targets in ultrahigh intensity laser-matter interaction. X-ray K alpha emission spectroscopy with absolute photon counting served to diagnose fast-electron propagation in multilayered targets. Target heating was measured from ionization-shifted K alpha emission. Data show a 200 mu m fast-electron range in solid Al. The relative intensities of spectrally shifted Al K alpha lines imply a mean temperature of a few tens of eV up to a 100 mu m depth. Experimental results suggest refluxing of the electron beam at target rear side. They were compared with the predictions of both a collisional Monte Carlo and a collisional-electromagnetic, particle-fluid transport code. The validity of the code modeling of heating in such highly transient conditions is discussed. C1 Univ Paris 06, Ecole Polytech, CNRS, CEA,Lab Utilisat Lasers Intenses,UMR7605, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. Univ Milano Bicocca, Dipartimento Fis G Occhialini, I-20126 Milan, Italy. DAM, Commissariat Energie Atom, Bruyeres Le Chatel, France. Univ Essex, Colchester CO4 3SQ, Essex, England. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Gen Atom, Inertial Fus Technol Div, Energy Grp, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Cent Laser Facil, Chilton, England. RP Martinolli, E (reprint author), Univ Paris 06, Ecole Polytech, CNRS, CEA,Lab Utilisat Lasers Intenses,UMR7605, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. RI Gremillet, Laurent/C-5636-2008; Koenig, Michel/A-2167-2012; MacKinnon, Andrew/P-7239-2014; OI MacKinnon, Andrew/0000-0002-4380-2906; Perelli Cippo, Enrico/0000-0002-8151-3427 NR 33 TC 57 Z9 58 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 EI 1550-2376 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 4 AR 046402 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.73.046402 PN 2 PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 037KX UT WOS:000237146800071 PM 16711934 ER PT J AU Reichhardt, C Reichhardt, CJO AF Reichhardt, C Reichhardt, CJO TI Coarsening of topological defects in oscillating systems with quenched disorder SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID FLUX-LINE-LATTICE; VORTEX LATTICES; DRIVEN; DYNAMICS; TRANSITION AB We use large scale simulations to study interacting particles in two dimensions in the presence of both an ac drive and quenched disorder. As a function of ac amplitude, there is a crossover from a low drive regime where the colloid positions are highly disordered to a higher ac drive regime where the system dynamically reorders. We examine the coarsening of topological defects formed when the system is quenched from a disordered low ac amplitude state to a high ac amplitude state. When the quench is performed close to the disorder-order crossover, the defect density decays with time as a power law with alpha=1/4 to 1/3. For deep quenches, in which the ac drive is increased to high values such that the dynamical shaking temperature is strongly reduced, we observe a logarithmic decay of the defect density into a grain boundary dominated state. We find a similar logarithmic decay of defect density in systems containing no pinning. We specifically demonstrate these effects for vortices in thin film superconductors, and discuss implications for dynamical reordering transition studies in these systems. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Reichhardt, C (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. OI Reichhardt, Cynthia/0000-0002-3487-5089 NR 34 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 4 AR 046122 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.73.046122 PN 2 PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 037KX UT WOS:000237146800030 PM 16711893 ER PT J AU Snezhko, A Aranson, IS Kwok, WK AF Snezhko, A Aranson, IS Kwok, WK TI Dynamic self-assembly of magnetic particles on the fluid interface: Surface-wave-mediated effective magnetic exchange SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID VIBRATED GRANULAR LAYER; FARADAY INSTABILITY; PATTERNS AB We report on studies of dynamic self-assembled structures induced by a vertical alternating magnetic field in an ensemble of magnetic particles suspended on a liquid surface. We find the formation of nontrivially ordered dynamic snakelike objects in a certain range of field magnitudes and frequencies. In order to probe the properties of the "snakes," we study their magnetic response to in-plane magnetic field applied at different angles with respect to its axis. The segments of the snake exhibit long-range antiferromagnetic ordering mediated by the surface waves, while each segment is composed of ferromagnetically aligned chains of microparticles. We propose a simple phenomenological model where the effect of surface waves is replaced by an effective exchange interaction to describe the observations. In the framework of the proposed model, the effective exchange constant corresponding to different regimes of magnetic driving was extracted from the experimental data. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Snezhko, A (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Aranson, Igor/I-4060-2013 NR 22 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 4 AR 041306 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.73.041306 PN 1 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 037KU UT WOS:000237146400020 PM 16711792 ER PT J AU Torgerson, JR Lamoreaux, SK AF Torgerson, JR Lamoreaux, SK TI Reply to "Comment on 'low-frequency character of the Casimir force between metallic films' " SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Editorial Material ID MU-M RANGE AB We respond to the "Comment on 'Low-frequency character of the Casimir force between metallic films,' " by G. Bimonte, which points out an error in our earlier work [Phys. Rev. E 70, 047102(R) (2004)]. In particular, after correcting the error, the frequency range of the finite temperature contribution to the Casimir force is expanded and exceeds the range of validity for use of the Leontovich boundary. We estimate the size of the thermal effect with a modified boundary condition, and show that it agrees with the result of Bimonte, within the errors of previous experiments. An accurate (subpercent) calculation of the finite temperature contribution remains a theoretical challenge. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Phys Div P23, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Torgerson, JR (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Phys Div P23, MS H803, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD APR PY 2006 VL 73 IS 4 AR 048102 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE73.048102 PN 2 PG 2 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 037KX UT WOS:000237146800103 ER PT J AU Chang, XY Ben-Zvi, I Kewisch, J AF Chang, Xiangyun Ben-Zvi, Ilan Kewisch, Joerg TI Emittance compensation of compact superconducting guns and booster linac system SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article ID RF AB We discuss the mechanics of emittance compensation for a compact superconducting rf gun with a solenoid, a drift space, and a linac system, and give general rules for designing such a system. It is preferable to ensure that the cathode is recessed and that the solenoid is close to it. The drift length, the solenoid's strength, the size of the waist spot, and the linac's accelerating gradient can be determined from the size of the beam's spot at the gun exit, all of which are easily obtained from simulations. Chromaticity effects generally start at the solenoid but can be ignored in the gun. The energy spread extends the spread of the slices' waist positions, and therefore degrades the emittance compensation. The gun cavity should be designed to minimize energy spread at the gun's exit; this can be achieved by shortening the effective length of the cavity cell. The linac gradient required to minimize chromaticity by focusing at the linac entrance is larger than the gradient required for matching the linac's invariant envelope. The applied solution must be a compromise between these two parameters. For a beam with limited energy spread, its waist must be in front of the linac's entrance. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Chang, XY (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD APR PY 2006 VL 9 IS 4 AR 044201 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.9.044201 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 043NH UT WOS:000237607400005 ER PT J AU Ciovati, G Kneisel, P AF Ciovati, G Kneisel, P TI Measurement of the high-field Q drop in the TM010 and TE011 modes in a niobium cavity SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article ID SUPERCONDUCTING CAVITIES; RESISTANCE AB In the last few years superconducting radio-frequency (rf) cavities made of high-purity ( residual resistivity ratio > 200) niobium achieved accelerating gradients close to the theoretical limits. An obstacle towards achieving reproducibly higher fields is represented by "anomalous'' losses causing a sharp degradation of the cavity quality factor when the peak surface magnetic field (B-p) is above about 90 mT, in the absence of field emission. This effect, called "Q drop'' has been measured in many laboratories with single- and multicell cavities mainly in the gigahertz range. In addition, a low-temperature (100 - 140 degrees C) "in situ'' baking of the cavity was found to be beneficial in reducing the Q drop. In order to gain some understanding of the nature of these losses, a single- cell cavity has been tested in the TM010 and TE011 modes at 2 K. The feature of the TE011 mode is to have zero electric field on the cavity surface, so that electric field effects can be excluded as a source for the Q drop. This article will present some of the experimental results for different cavity treatments and will compare them with existing models. C1 Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. Old Dominion Univ, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. RP Ciovati, G (reprint author), Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. NR 25 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD APR PY 2006 VL 9 IS 4 AR 042001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.9.042001 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 043NH UT WOS:000237607400002 ER PT J AU Heifets, S Novokhatski, A AF Heifets, S Novokhatski, A TI Coherent beam stability in the low momentum compaction lattice SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article AB The beam dynamics for a quasi-isochronous lattice differs from that in the usual case of a lattice with a large positive momentum compaction factor. In particular, the quasi-isochronous lattice allows us to double the number of bunches which may be an attractive option for colliders. However, microwave instability and, as we show, longitudinal head-tail instability set the threshold for the beam current. C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. RP Heifets, S (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD APR PY 2006 VL 9 IS 4 AR 044402 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.9.044402 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 043NH UT WOS:000237607400010 ER PT J AU Qiang, J Lidia, S Ryne, RD Limborg-Deprey, C AF Qiang, Ji Lidia, Steve Ryne, Robert D. Limborg-Deprey, Cecile TI Three-dimensional quasistatic model for high brightness beam dynamics simulation SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article ID RF AB In this paper, we present a three-dimensional quasistatic model for high brightness beam dynamics simulation in rf/dc photoinjectors, rf linacs, and similar devices on parallel computers. In this model, electrostatic space-charge forces within a charged particle beam are calculated self-consistently at each time step by solving the three-dimensional Poisson equation in the beam frame and then transforming back to the laboratory frame. When the beam has a large energy spread, it is divided into a number of energy bins or slices so that the space-charge forces are calculated from the contribution of each bin and summed together. Image-charge effects from conducting photocathode are also included efficiently using a shifted-Green function method. For a beam with large aspect ratio, e. g., during emission, an integrated Green function method is used to solve the three-dimensional Poisson equation. Using this model, we studied beam transport in one Linac Coherent Light Sources photoinjector design through the first traveling wave linac with initial misalignment with respect to the accelerating axis. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94309 USA. RP Qiang, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 28 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD APR PY 2006 VL 9 IS 4 AR 044204 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.9.044204 PG 10 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 043NH UT WOS:000237607400008 ER PT J AU Rose, DV Genoni, TC Welch, DR Mazarakis, MG AF Rose, D. V. Genoni, T. C. Welch, D. R. Mazarakis, M. G. TI Resistive hose growth of intense ion beams propagating in air SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article ID RELATIVISTIC ELECTRON-BEAM; REDUCED-DENSITY CHANNEL; PLASMA CHANNEL; GAS CELL; TRANSPORT; INSTABILITY; FUSION; SIMULATION; DYNAMICS; TRACKING AB The growth of the resistive hose instability for intense proton beams is examined using three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations. The simulation results are compared with a time-dependent model of resistive hose growth that uses a spread-mass formulation and a time-dependent conductivity model. Radius tailoring of the beam head is shown to suppress high-frequency instability growth. In addition, the effects of a reduced-density plasma channel on the growth of the resistive hose instability is calculated. C1 Voss Sci LLC, Albuquerque, NM 87108 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Rose, DV (reprint author), Voss Sci LLC, Albuquerque, NM 87108 USA. EM David.Rose@vosssci.com NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD APR PY 2006 VL 9 IS 4 AR 044403 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.9.044403 PG 10 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 043NH UT WOS:000237607400011 ER PT J AU Potter, BG Chandra, H Simmons-Potter, K Jamison, GM Thomes, WJ AF Potter, B. G., Jr. Chandra, H. Simmons-Potter, K. Jamison, G. M. Thomes, W. J., Jr. TI Photoinduced refractive index change and absorption bleaching in poly(methylphenylsilane) under varied ambients SO PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF GLASSES-EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF GLASS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY PART B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Joint Meeting of the Glass and Optical Materials Division of the American-Ceramic-Society/14th International Symposium on Non-Oxide Glasses CY NOV 07-12, 2004 CL Cape Canaveral, FL SP Amer Ceram Soc, Int Soc Non Oxide Glasses ID POLYSILANE HIGH POLYMERS; THIN-FILMS; SPECTROSCOPY AB Polysilane materials exhibit large photo-induced refractive index changes under low incident optical fluences, making them attractive candidates for applications in which rapid patterning of photonic device structures is desired immediately prior to their use. This agile fabrication strategy for integrated photonics inherently requires that optical exposure, and associated material response, occurs in nonlaboratory environments, motivating the study of environmental conditions on the photoinduced response of the material. The present work examines the impact of atmosphere on the photosensitive response of poly(methylphenylsilane) (PMPS) thin films in terms of both photoinduced absorption change and refractive index modification. Material was subjected to UV light exposure resonant with the lowest energy optical transition associated with the conjugated Si-Si backbone. Exposures were performed in both aerobic and anaerobic atmospheres (oxygen, air, nitrogen, and 5% H-2/95% N-2). The results clearly demonstrate that the photosensitive response of this model polysilane material was dramatically affected by local environment, exhibiting a photoinduced refractive index change, when exposed under an oxygen containing atmosphere, that was twice that observed under anaerobic conditions. This effect is discussed in terms of photo-oxidation processes within the polysilane structure and in the context of the need for predictable photosensitive refractive index change in varied photoimprinting environments. C1 Univ Arizona, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Univ Arizona, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Potter, BG (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM bgpotter@mse.arizona.edu NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU SOC GLASS TECHNOLOGY PI SHEFFIELD PA UNIT 9, TWELVE O CLOCK COURT, 21 ATTERCLIFFE RD, SHEFFIELD S4 7WW, S YORKSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 0031-9090 J9 PHYS CHEM GLASSES-B JI Phys. Chem. Glasses-Eur. J. Glass Sci. Technol. Part B PD APR PY 2006 VL 47 IS 2 BP 105 EP 109 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Ceramics SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 075NO UT WOS:000239892100008 ER PT J AU Ali, M Marasinghe, K Hart, R Benmore, C Wyckoff, N Brow, R AF Ali, Mehdi Marasinghe, Kanishka Hart, Robert Benmore, Chris Wyckoff, Nathaniel Brow, Richard TI Normalisation and sample composition analysis of binary rare earth phosphate glasses by high energy x-ray scattering SO PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF GLASSES-EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF GLASS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY PART B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Joint Meeting of the Glass and Optical Materials Division of the American-Ceramic-Society/14th International Symposium on Non-Oxide Glasses CY NOV 07-12, 2004 CL Cape Canaveral, FL SP Amer Ceram Soc, Int Soc Non Oxide Glasses ID DIFFRACTION AB Accurate normalisation of high energy x-ray scattering data may be accomplished when the composition of the sample is known and the experimental corrections are either negligible or have been rigorously applied. However, for samples with unknown compositions, a priori normalisation is impossible. For binary rare earth phosphate glasses we demonstrate an iterative method for determining both the appropriate normalisation as well as determining the ratio of rare earth to glass former. The isotropic scattering is compared for several estimated compositions and fitted to the measured data over different Q-ranges. For high energy x-ray data (E=115keV) where the attenuation and multiple scattering corrections are very small the sample composition is insensitive to the Q-range used. We demonstrate this method for a rare earth phosphate glass sample and compare the results with established methods of atomic composition determination. The accuracy and applicability of the method is briefly discussed. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Expt Facil Div, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ N Dakota, Dept Phys, Grand Forks, ND 58201 USA. Univ Missouri, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Rolla, MO 65409 USA. RP Benmore, C (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Expt Facil Div, Adv Photon Source, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM benmore@anl.gov OI Benmore, Chris/0000-0001-7007-7749 NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC GLASS TECHNOLOGY PI SHEFFIELD PA UNIT 9, TWELVE O CLOCK COURT, 21 ATTERCLIFFE RD, SHEFFIELD S4 7WW, S YORKSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 0031-9090 J9 PHYS CHEM GLASSES-B JI Phys. Chem. Glasses-Eur. J. Glass Sci. Technol. Part B PD APR PY 2006 VL 47 IS 2 BP 146 EP 149 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Ceramics SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 075NO UT WOS:000239892100015 ER PT J AU Guiheen, JV Haines, CD Sigel, GH Epstein, RI Thiede, J Patterson, WM AF Guiheen, James V. Haines, Chris D. Sigel, George H., Jr. Epstein, Richard I. Thiede, Jared Patterson, Wendy M. TI Yb3+ and Tm3+-doped fluoroaluminate classes for anti-Stokes cooling SO PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF GLASSES-EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF GLASS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY PART B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Joint Meeting of the Glass and Optical Materials Division of the American-Ceramic-Society/14th International Symposium on Non-Oxide Glasses CY NOV 07-12, 2004 CL Cape Canaveral, FL SP Amer Ceram Soc, Int Soc Non Oxide Glasses ID ALF3-BASED GLASSES; LASER AB Fluoroaluminate glasses capable of exhibiting anti-Stokes cooling were prepared and their thermal and optical properties were characterised. Glass compositions were based on an environmentally stable aluminofluoride, 40AlF(3).12BaF(2).22CaF(2). 16YF(3).10SrF(2) (mol%), doped with ytterbium or thulium. Ytterbium and thulium levels ranged from 0.5x10(20)/cm(3) to 4.0x10(20)/cm(3). Additions of ytterbium and thulium stabilise a the glass matrix until high dopant concentrations. The effect of dopant concentration on the optical and thermal properties was clearly distinguishable, and indicates that the glass network was stabilised until microcrystallite formation occurs at a higher loading. For the Yb3+ specimens, optical pumping at 980 nm showed an intense emission peak at 980 nm. Increasing the Yb3+ concentration from 0.5x10(20)/cm(3) to 3.0x10(20)/cm(3) produced a broad and intense peak centered at 1010 nm. Additionally, optical pumping at 930 nm produced an in tense peak at 1060 nm for samples with less than 1.0x10(20)/cm(3) Yb3+. As doping levels increased, the emission intensity of the 1060 nm peak decreased and contributed to extensive broadening of the 1010 nm peak. For the Tm3+ samples, optical pumping at 800 nm resulted in emission at 1460, 1800, 2300 and 2900 nm. The 1800 nm emission, which is due to the F-3(4) -> H-3(6) transition and is of interest to anti-Stokes cooling, increased in intensity with increasing Tm3+ concentration up to 1x10(20)/cm(3). Examination of the optical absorption, emission, and excited state lifetime data indicated these glasses were capable of demonstrating the anti-Stokes effect, and recent anti-Stokes experiments confirm optical cooling in some of these glasses. C1 Rutgers State Univ, Fiber Opt Mat Res Program, Piscataway, NJ USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Los Alamos, NM USA. Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Guiheen, JV (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Fiber Opt Mat Res Program, Piscataway, NJ USA. NR 22 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU SOC GLASS TECHNOLOGY PI SHEFFIELD PA UNIT 9, TWELVE O CLOCK COURT, 21 ATTERCLIFFE RD, SHEFFIELD S4 7WW, S YORKSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 0031-9090 J9 PHYS CHEM GLASSES-B JI Phys. Chem. Glasses-Eur. J. Glass Sci. Technol. Part B PD APR PY 2006 VL 47 IS 2 BP 167 EP 176 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Ceramics SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 075NO UT WOS:000239892100020 ER PT J AU Gross, F Musatov, IV Simonov, YA AF Gross, F. Musatov, I. V. Simonov, Yu. A. TI Regge behavior of DIS structure functions in scalar theories SO PHYSICS OF ATOMIC NUCLEI LA English DT Article ID VIRTUAL COMPTON-SCATTERING; ELECTROPRODUCTION; DISTRIBUTIONS; SINGULARITY AB The Bethe-Salpeter formalism is used to incorporate the valence Regge behavior into the total DIS amplitude. For a special case of scalar quarks with massless scalar exchange, the model is solved both analytically and numerically and exact scaling is found for the valence quark contribution F-2(x) similar to (1/x)(l(0)-1) which mimicks the rho-trajectory term. The solution solves a long-standing problem by showing that the coefficient ill the Regge pole expansion is indeed fine-tuned to give the expected scaling. The method allows for generalization to the region of nonzero momentum transfer and calculation of the DVCS amplitude. C1 Jefferson Lab, Theory Grp, Newport News, VA USA. Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. RP Gross, F (reprint author), Jefferson Lab, Theory Grp, Newport News, VA USA. NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA/SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1578 USA SN 1063-7788 EI 1562-692X J9 PHYS ATOM NUCL+ JI Phys. Atom. Nuclei PD APR PY 2006 VL 69 IS 4 BP 699 EP 711 DI 10.1134/S1063778806040144 PG 13 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 058FK UT WOS:000238650700014 ER PT J AU Cabot, W AF Cabot, W TI Comparison of two- and three-dimensional simulations of miscible Rayleigh-Taylor instability SO PHYSICS OF FLUIDS LA English DT Article ID RICHTMYER-MESHKOV INSTABILITIES; NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS; MIXING TRANSITION; SCALING LAWS; 3 DIMENSIONS; RESOLUTION; TURBULENCE; CODE AB A comparison of two-dimensional and three-dimensional high-resolution numerical large-eddy simulations of planar, miscible Rayleigh-Taylor instability flows is presented. The resolution of the three-dimensional simulation is sufficient to attain a fully turbulent state. A number of different statistics from the mixing region (e.g., growth rates, probability distribution functions, mixedness measures, and spectra) are used to demonstrate that two-dimensional flow simulations differ substantially from the three-dimensional one. It is found that the two-dimensional flow grows more quickly than its three-dimensional counterpart at late times, develops larger structures, and is much less well mixed. These findings are consistent with the concept of inverse cascade in two-dimensional flow, as well as the influence of a reduced effective Atwood number on miscible flow. (C) 2006 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Cabot, W (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM cabot1@llnl.gov NR 23 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-6631 J9 PHYS FLUIDS JI Phys. Fluids PD APR PY 2006 VL 18 IS 4 AR 045101 DI 10.1063/1.2191856 PG 9 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA 037HE UT WOS:000237136900033 ER PT J AU Graham, JP Holm, DD Mininni, P Pouquet, A AF Graham, JP Holm, DD Mininni, P Pouquet, A TI Inertial range scaling, Karman-Howarth theorem, and intermittency for forced and decaying Lagrangian averaged magnetohydrodynamic equations in two dimensions SO PHYSICS OF FLUIDS LA English DT Article ID FULLY-DEVELOPED TURBULENCE; LARGE-EDDY SIMULATION; STOKES-ALPHA MODEL; SUBGRID-SCALE; SOLAR-CYCLE; ENERGY-DISSIPATION; FLUID-DYNAMICS; FLOWS; FLUCTUATIONS; FIELD AB We present an extension of the Karman-Howarth theorem to the Lagrangian averaged magnetohydrodynamic (LAMHD-alpha) equations. The scaling laws resulting as a corollary of this theorem are studied in numerical simulations, as well as the scaling of the longitudinal structure function exponents indicative of intermittency. Numerical simulations for a magnetic Prandtl number equal to unity are presented both for freely decaying and for forced two-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence, solving the MHD equations directly, and employing the LAMHD-alpha equations at 1/2 and 1/4 resolution. Linear scaling of the third-order structure function with length is observed. The LAMHD-alpha equations also capture the anomalous scaling of the longitudinal structure function exponents up to order 8. (C) 2006 American Institute of Physics. C1 Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Geophys Turbulence Program, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Math, London SW7 2AZ, England. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Comp & Computat Sci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Graham, JP (reprint author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Geophys Turbulence Program, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. RI Pietarila Graham, Jonathan/B-5222-2008; OI Pietarila Graham, Jonathan/0000-0003-1862-0526; Mininni, Pablo/0000-0001-6858-6755; Holm, Darryl D/0000-0001-6362-9912 NR 59 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-6631 J9 PHYS FLUIDS JI Phys. Fluids PD APR PY 2006 VL 18 IS 4 AR 045106 DI 10.1063/1.2194966 PG 14 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA 037HE UT WOS:000237136900038 ER PT J AU Amendt, P AF Amendt, P TI Bell-Plesset effects for an accelerating interface with contiguous density gradients SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID RAYLEIGH-TAYLOR INSTABILITY; INERTIAL CONFINEMENT FUSION; NATIONAL-IGNITION-FACILITY; RICHTMYER-MESHKOV INSTABILITY; VIOLENTLY COLLAPSING BUBBLES; TARGET DESIGNS; STRATIFIED FLUIDS; GROWTH-RATES; COMPRESSIBILITY; PLASMA AB A Plesset-type treatment [M. S. Plesset, J. Appl. Phys. 25, 96 (1954)] is used to assess the effects of contiguous density gradients at an accelerating spherical classical interface on Rayleigh-Taylor and Bell-Plesset perturbation growth. Analytic expressions are obtained that describe enhanced Rayleigh-Taylor instability growth from contiguous density gradients aligned with the acceleration and which increase the effective Atwood number of the perturbed interface. A new pathway for geometric amplification of surface perturbations on an accelerating interface with contiguous density gradients is identified. A resonance condition between the density-gradient scale length and the radius of the interface is also predicted based on a linearized analysis of Bernoulli's equation, potentially leading to enhanced perturbation growth. Comparison of the analytic treatment with detailed two-dimensional single-mode growth-factor simulations shows good agreement for low-mode numbers where the effects of spherical geometry are most manifested. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Amendt, P (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 41 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD APR PY 2006 VL 13 IS 4 AR 042702 DI 10.1063/1.2174718 PG 14 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 037HF UT WOS:000237137000033 ER PT J AU Dunaevsky, A Goltsov, A Greenberg, J Valeo, E Fisch, NJ AF Dunaevsky, A Goltsov, A Greenberg, J Valeo, E Fisch, NJ TI Formation of laser plasma channels in a stationary gas SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID RAMAN BACKSCATTERING; PULSE AMPLIFICATION; WAVE-GUIDE AB Plasma channels with nonuniformity of about +/- 3.5% have been produced by a 0.3 J, 100 ps laser pulses in a nonflowing gas, contained in a cylindrical chamber. The laser beam passed through the chamber along its axis via pinholes in the chamber walls. Plasma channels with an electron density in the range of 10(18)-10(19) cm(-3) were formed in pure He, N(2), Ar, and Xe. A uniform channel forms in an optimal pressure range at a certain time delay, depending on the gas molecular weight. The interaction of the laser beam with the gas leaking out of the chamber through the pinholes was not significant. However, the formation of the ablative plasma on the walls of pinholes by the wings of radial profile of the laser beam plays an important role in the plasma channel formation and its uniformity. A low-current glow discharge initiated in the chamber improves the uniformity of the plasma channel slightly, while a high-current arc discharge leads to overdense plasma near the front pinhole and further refraction of the laser beam. These results indicate the potential for using nonflowing gas targets to create uniform plasma channels. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics. C1 Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. TRINITI, Troitsk 142190, Russia. Princeton Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Dept MAE, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Dunaevsky, A (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. NR 22 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD APR PY 2006 VL 13 IS 4 AR 043106 DI 10.1063/1.2195383 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 037HF UT WOS:000237137000041 ER PT J AU Hudson, SR AF Hudson, SR TI Derivatives of the local ballooning growth rate with respect to surface label, field line label, and ballooning parameter SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID STABILITY; STELLARATOR; INSTABILITIES; MODES; SPECTRUM; COBRA; CODE AB Expressions for the derivative of the local ballooning growth rate with respect to surface label, field line label, and ballooning-parameter are presented. Such expressions lead to increased computational efficiency for ballooning stability applications. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics. C1 Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Hudson, SR (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RI Hudson, Stuart/H-7186-2013 OI Hudson, Stuart/0000-0003-1530-2733 NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD APR PY 2006 VL 13 IS 4 AR 042511 DI 10.1063/1.2193537 PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 037HF UT WOS:000237137000027 ER PT J AU Lanier, NE Magelssen, GR Batha, SH Fincke, JR Horsfield, CJ Parker, KW Rothman, SD AF Lanier, NE Magelssen, GR Batha, SH Fincke, JR Horsfield, CJ Parker, KW Rothman, SD TI Validation of the radiation hydrocode RAGE against defect-driven mix experiments in a compressible, convergent, and miscible plasma system SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID INERTIAL CONFINEMENT FUSION; OMEGA LASER; NOVA; GROWTH; PERTURBATION; INSTABILITY; SIMULATION; IMPLOSION; FLUIDS; MODEL AB Accurate predictive hydrodynamics codes increase the efficiency with which ignition will be achieved at the National Ignition Facility (NIF) [J. W. Hogan , J. Nucl. Fus. 41, 567 (2001)]. By validating these codes against well-diagnosed experiments, additional confidence in their predictive capability is attained. This work presents comparisons between the predictive simulations of the Los Alamos hydrocode RAGE [R. M. Baltrusaitus et al., Phys. Fluids 8, 2471 (1996)] and data obtained from cylindrical defect-driven mix experiments conducted on the OMEGA [T. R. Boehly , Opt. Commun. 133, 495 (1997)] laser. The results show that RAGE accurately captures much of the bulk hydrodynamics of the experiments. However, persistent discrepancies with respect to the small-scale fluid flows remain. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Atom Weapons Estab, Aldermaston, England. RP Lanier, NE (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM nlanier@lanl.gov NR 34 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD APR PY 2006 VL 13 IS 4 AR 042703 DI 10.1063/1.2192502 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 037HF UT WOS:000237137000034 ER PT J AU Mendel, CW Pointon, TD Savage, ME Seidel, DB Magne, I Vezinet, R AF Mendel, CW Pointon, TD Savage, ME Seidel, DB Magne, I Vezinet, R TI Losses at magnetic nulls in pulsed-power transmission line systems SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID ION DIODE; FLOW AB Pulsed-power systems operating in the terawatt regime must deal with large electron flows in vacuum transmission lines. In most parts of these transmission lines the electrons are constrained by the self-magnetic field to flow parallel to the conductors. In very low impedance systems, such as those used to drive Z-pinch radiation sources, the currents from multiple transmission lines are added together. This addition necessarily involves magnetic nulls that connect the positive and negative electrodes. The resultant local loss of magnetic insulation results in electron losses at the anode in the vicinity of the nulls. The lost current due to the magnetic null might or might not be appreciable. In some cases the lost current due to the null is not large, but is spatially localized, and may create a gas and plasma release from the anode that can lead to an excessive loss, and possibly to catastrophic damage to the hardware. In this paper we describe an analytic model that uses one geometric parameter (aside from straightforward hardware size measurements) that determines the loss to the anode, and the extent of the loss region when the driving source and load are known. The parameter can be calculated in terms of the magnetic field in the region of the null calculated when no electron flow is present. The model is compared to some experimental data, and to simulations of several different hardware geometries, including some cases with multiple nulls, and unbalanced feeds. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Ctr Etud Gramat, Gramat, France. Cove Consulting, Belle Haven, VA 23306 USA. RP Mendel, CW (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM mendel@swcp.com; isabelle.magne@edf.fr NR 19 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD APR PY 2006 VL 13 IS 4 AR 043105 DI 10.1063/1.2192731 PG 14 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 037HF UT WOS:000237137000040 ER PT J AU Sinars, DB Cuneo, ME Yu, EP Lebedev, SV Cochrane, KR Jones, B MacFarlane, JJ Mehlhorn, TA Porter, JL Wenger, DF AF Sinars, DB Cuneo, ME Yu, EP Lebedev, SV Cochrane, KR Jones, B MacFarlane, JJ Mehlhorn, TA Porter, JL Wenger, DF TI Measurements and simulations of the ablation stage of wire arrays with different initial wire sizes SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID SANDIA-NATIONAL-LABORATORIES; FUSION CAPSULE IMPLOSIONS; Z-PINCH EXPERIMENTS; ENERGY DEPOSITION; DYNAMICS; DRIVEN; ACCELERATOR; HOHLRAUMS; FACILITY; PHASE AB Comparisons of 20 mm diameter, 300-wire tungsten arrays with different initial wire sizes were made on the 20 MA Sandia Z facility. Radiographic measurements of each wire array, taken at the same point in the current during the wire ablation stage, show systematic differences. A detailed comparison of the radiography and self-emission data with simulations and analytic models suggests that a variation in the mass ablation rate with wire size may be responsible. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, London SW7 2BW, England. Ktech Corp Inc, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. Prism Computat Sci, Madison, WI 53711 USA. RP Sinars, DB (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM dbsinar@sandia.gov NR 39 TC 36 Z9 38 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD APR PY 2006 VL 13 IS 4 AR 042704 DI 10.1063/1.2184307 PG 13 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 037HF UT WOS:000237137000035 ER PT J AU Tang, XZ Boozer, AH AF Tang, XZ Boozer, AH TI Spherical tokamak with a plasma center column SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID COAXIAL HELICITY INJECTION; CURRENT DRIVE; TILTING INSTABILITY; SPHEX SPHEROMAK; RELAXED STATES; TORUS PLASMAS; RELAXATION; EQUILIBRIUM; PROGRESS; PHYSICS AB Low aspect ratio toroidal pinches such as the standard (q > 1) and the ultralow q (q < 1) spherical tori or tokamaks (ST), would have a far more robust reactor engineering design if a plasma center column (PCC) can be used in place of a material center post. Biased electrodes across the plasma center column would drive a plasma current to produce the toroidal magnetic field in lieu of the toroidal field (TF) coils. The operation of such a device is naturally divided into two distinct phases: formation by driven relaxation under magnetic helicity injection and sustainment by auxiliary current drive and heating such as rf and neutral beam injection (NBI). The initial design constraints of a ST-PCC experiment are primarily motivated by the formation rather than the sustainment physics. With a Taylor-relaxed plasma as the baseline case, it is shown that three essential factors guide the design. First, the flux amplification factor determines the aspect ratio of the ST-PCC. Second, the plasma shaping in general and plasma elongation in particular gives the most freedom in shaping the q profile of the relaxed plasma. Two examples are the standard spherical tokamak with q > 1 throughout the plasma and the ultralow q (ULQ) spherical tokamak with q much less than unity for the bulk of the plasma. Third, the vacuum bias magnetic flux plays the second most important role in modifying the q profile. As an example, it is shown how the bias flux can be designed to delineate a standard spheromak experiment from that of an ULQ ST-PCC. These physics understandings help define the design space of the ST-PCC experiments and directions for optimization. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Appl Math, New York, NY 10027 USA. RP Tang, XZ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM xtang@lanl.gov NR 32 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD APR PY 2006 VL 13 IS 4 AR 042514 DI 10.1063/1.2195381 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 037HF UT WOS:000237137000030 ER PT J AU Theobald, W Akli, K Clarke, R Delettrez, JA Freeman, RR Glenzer, S Green, J Gregori, G Heathcote, R Izumi, N King, JA Koch, JA Kuba, J Lancaster, K MacKinnon, AJ Key, M Mileham, C Myatt, J Neely, D Norreys, PA Park, HS Pasley, J Patel, P Regan, SP Sawada, H Shepherd, R Snavely, R Stephens, RB Stoeckl, C Storm, M Zhang, B Sangster, TC AF Theobald, W Akli, K Clarke, R Delettrez, JA Freeman, RR Glenzer, S Green, J Gregori, G Heathcote, R Izumi, N King, JA Koch, JA Kuba, J Lancaster, K MacKinnon, AJ Key, M Mileham, C Myatt, J Neely, D Norreys, PA Park, HS Pasley, J Patel, P Regan, SP Sawada, H Shepherd, R Snavely, R Stephens, RB Stoeckl, C Storm, M Zhang, B Sangster, TC TI Hot surface ionic line emission and cold K-inner shell emission from petawatt-laser-irradiated Cu foil targets SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID FAST IGNITER RESEARCH; PLASMA INTERACTIONS; ELECTRON-TRANSPORT; SOLID INTERACTIONS; RELATIVISTIC ELECTRONS; PULSE; INTENSITY; DENSITY; ALPHA; IONIZATION AB A hot, 2 to 3 keV electron temperature surface plasma was observed in the interaction of a 0.7 ps petawatt laser beam with solid copper-foil targets at intensities > 10(20) W/cm(2). Copper K-shell spectra were measured in the range of 8 to 9 keV using a single-photon-counting x-ray charged-coupled-device camera. In addition to K-alpha and K-beta inner-shell lines, the emission contained the Cu He-alpha and Ly(alpha) lines, allowing the temperature to be inferred. These lines have not been observed previously with ultrafast laser pulses. For intensities less than 3 x 10(18) W/cm(2), only the K-alpha and K-beta inner-shell emissions are detected. Measurements of the absolute K-alpha yield as a function of the laser intensity are in general agreement with a model that includes refluxing and confinement of the suprathermal electrons in the target volume. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Ohio State Univ, Coll Math & Phys Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. RP Theobald, W (reprint author), Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, 250 E River Rd, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. RI Patel, Pravesh/E-1400-2011; MacKinnon, Andrew/P-7239-2014; IZUMI, Nobuhiko/J-8487-2016; Brennan, Patricia/N-3922-2015; Sawada, Hiroshi/Q-8434-2016; OI MacKinnon, Andrew/0000-0002-4380-2906; IZUMI, Nobuhiko/0000-0003-1114-597X; Sawada, Hiroshi/0000-0002-7972-9894; Stephens, Richard/0000-0002-7034-6141 NR 57 TC 81 Z9 81 U1 2 U2 15 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD APR PY 2006 VL 13 IS 4 AR 043102 DI 10.1063/1.2188912 PG 11 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 037HF UT WOS:000237137000037 ER PT J AU Woodruff, S Hooper, EB Pearlstein, LD Bulmer, R Hill, DN Holcomb, CT McLean, HS Moller, J Stallard, BW Wood, RD AF Woodruff, S Hooper, EB Pearlstein, LD Bulmer, R Hill, DN Holcomb, CT McLean, HS Moller, J Stallard, BW Wood, RD TI Observation of a pressure limit in a gun-driven spheromak SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID MHD STABILITY; CONFINEMENT; ENERGY; TORUS AB Density in a spheromak is lowered by action of a m/n=2/4 island, after which the electrons heat rapidly to give profiles of nT(before)=nT(after), indicating that the spheromak heats up to a pressure limit. The spheromak core remains at T-e similar to 150 eV for similar to 1/2 ms during a period exhibiting low amplitude incoherent fluctuations consistent with a pressure-driven mode, giving the volume-averaged electron beta similar to 3% and peak beta(e) of similar to 6%. Calculations show that measured pressure profiles are close to the Mercier limit. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Woodruff, S (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD APR PY 2006 VL 13 IS 4 AR 044506 DI 10.1063/1.2188086 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 037HF UT WOS:000237137000051 ER PT J AU Salamin, YI Hu, SX Hatsagortsyan, KZ Keitel, CH AF Salamin, YI Hu, SX Hatsagortsyan, KZ Keitel, CH TI Relativistic high-power laser-matter interactions SO PHYSICS REPORTS-REVIEW SECTION OF PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Review ID HIGH-HARMONIC-GENERATION; ABOVE-THRESHOLD IONIZATION; HIGH-INTENSITY LASER; NONSEQUENTIAL DOUBLE-IONIZATION; NONLINEAR THOMSON SCATTERING; STATIC-ELECTRIC-FIELD; STRONG ELECTROMAGNETIC-WAVE; CIRCULARLY-POLARIZED LIGHT; IMAGINARY-TIME METHOD; HIGH-ORDER HARMONICS AB Recent advances in laser technology have pushed the frontier of maximum intensity achieved to about 10(22) W/cm(2) and investigators currently believe even higher intensities may be reached in the near future. This, combined with other breakthroughs on the fronts of short pulse generation and high repetition rates, have stimulated considerable progress, theoretical as well as experimental, in the field of laser-matter interactions. It is now possible to laser-accelerate electrons to a few hundred MeV and laser-induced pair-production and nuclear physics experiments have made significant progress. This article is devoted to a review of the recent advances in the field and stresses quantum phenomena that require laser field intensities in excess of the relativistic threshold of similar to 10(18) W/cm(2). Interactions with free electrons, with highly-charged ions and with atoms and clusters, are reviewed. Electron laser acceleration, atomic quantum dynamics, high harmonic generation, quantum electrodynamical effects and nuclear interactions in plasmas and ions, are among the important topics covered in the article. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Max Planck Inst Nucl Phys, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. Amer Univ Sharjah, Dept Phys, Sharjah, U Arab Emirates. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Grp T 4, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Yerevan State Univ, Dept Quantum Elect, Yerevan 375025, Armenia. RP Max Planck Inst Nucl Phys, Saupfercheckweg 1, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. EM keitel@mpi-hd.mpg.de RI Hu, Suxing/A-1265-2007; Hatsagortsyan, Karen/A-8508-2008; Salamin, Yousef/B-2815-2011; Hatsagortsyan, Karen/B-7091-2009 OI Hu, Suxing/0000-0003-2465-3818; Salamin, Yousef/0000-0003-2343-4031; Hatsagortsyan, Karen/0000-0002-1407-9122 NR 627 TC 308 Z9 314 U1 12 U2 82 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-1573 EI 1873-6270 J9 PHYS REP JI Phys. Rep.-Rev. Sec. Phys. Lett. PD APR PY 2006 VL 427 IS 2-3 BP 41 EP 155 DI 10.1016/j.physrep.2006.01.002 PG 115 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 030KA UT WOS:000236632100001 ER PT J AU Weiglein, G Barklow, T Boos, E De Roeck, A Desch, K Gianotti, F Godbole, R Gunion, JF Haber, HE Heinemeyer, S Hewett, JL Kawagoe, K Monig, K Nojiri, MM Polesello, G Richard, F Riemann, S Stirling, WJ Akeroyd, AG Allanach, BC Asner, D Asztalos, S Baer, H Battaglia, M Baur, U Bechtle, P Belanger, G Belyaev, A Berger, EL Binoth, T Blair, GA Boogert, S Boudjema, F Bourilkov, D Buchmuller, W Bunichev, V Cerminara, G Chiorboli, M Davoudiasl, H Dawson, S De Curtis, S Deppisch, F Diaz, MA Dittmar, M Djouadi, A Dominici, D Ellwanger, U Feng, JL Ginzburg, IF Giolo-Nicollerat, A Gjelsten, BK Godfrey, S Grellscheid, D Gronberg, J Gross, E Guasch, J Hamaguchi, K Han, T Hisano, J Hollik, W Hugonie, C Hurth, T Jiang, J Juste, A Kalinowski, J Kilian, W Kinnunen, R Kraml, S Krawczyk, M Krokhotine, A Krupovnickas, T Lafaye, R Lehti, S Logan, HE Lytken, E Martin, V Martyn, HU Miller, DJ Moretti, S Moortgat, F Moortgat-Pick, G Muhlleitner, M Niezurawski, P Nikitenko, A Orr, LH Osland, P Osorio, AF Pas, H Plehn, T Porod, W Pukhov, A Quevedo, F Rainwater, D Ratz, M Redelbach, A Reina, L Rizzo, T Ruckl, R Schreiber, HJ Schumacher, M Sherstnev, A Slabospitsky, S Sola, J Sopczak, A Spira, M Spiropula, M Sullivan, Z Szleper, M Tait, TMP Tata, X Tovey, DR Tricomi, A Velasco, M Wackeroth, D Wagner, CEM Weinzierl, S Wienemann, P Yanagida, T Zarnecki, AF Zerwas, D Zerwas, PM Zivkovic, L AF Weiglein, G Barklow, T Boos, E De Roeck, A Desch, K Gianotti, F Godbole, R Gunion, JF Haber, HE Heinemeyer, S Hewett, JL Kawagoe, K Monig, K Nojiri, MM Polesello, G Richard, F Riemann, S Stirling, WJ Akeroyd, AG Allanach, BC Asner, D Asztalos, S Baer, H Battaglia, M Baur, U Bechtle, P Belanger, G Belyaev, A Berger, EL Binoth, T Blair, GA Boogert, S Boudjema, F Bourilkov, D Buchmuller, W Bunichev, V Cerminara, G Chiorboli, M Davoudiasl, H Dawson, S De Curtis, S Deppisch, F Diaz, MA Dittmar, M Djouadi, A Dominici, D Ellwanger, U Feng, JL Ginzburg, IF Giolo-Nicollerat, A Gjelsten, BK Godfrey, S Grellscheid, D Gronberg, J Gross, E Guasch, J Hamaguchi, K Han, T Hisano, J Hollik, W Hugonie, C Hurth, T Jiang, J Juste, A Kalinowski, J Kilian, W Kinnunen, R Kraml, S Krawczyk, M Krokhotine, A Krupovnickas, T Lafaye, R Lehti, S Logan, HE Lytken, E Martin, V Martyn, HU Miller, DJ Moretti, S Moortgat, F Moortgat-Pick, G Muhlleitner, M Niezurawski, P Nikitenko, A Orr, LH Osland, P Osorio, AF Pas, H Plehn, T Porod, W Pukhov, A Quevedo, F Rainwater, D Ratz, M Redelbach, A Reina, L Rizzo, T Ruckl, R Schreiber, HJ Schumacher, M Sherstnev, A Slabospitsky, S Sola, J Sopczak, A Spira, M Spiropula, M Sullivan, Z Szleper, M Tait, TMP Tata, X Tovey, DR Tricomi, A Velasco, M Wackeroth, D Wagner, CEM Weinzierl, S Wienemann, P Yanagida, T Zarnecki, AF Zerwas, D Zerwas, PM Zivkovic, L CA LHCILC Study Grp TI Physics interplay of the LHC and the ILC SO PHYSICS REPORTS-REVIEW SECTION OF PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Review ID TOP-QUARK PRODUCTION; NEUTRAL HIGGS-BOSON; ELECTROWEAK SYMMETRY-BREAKING; SUPERSYMMETRIC STANDARD MODEL; LARGE HADRON COLLIDER; LINEAR E(+)E(-) COLLIDERS; LEPTON-FLAVOR VIOLATION; PRODUCTION NEAR-THRESHOLD; MEDIATED SUSY BREAKING; GRAND UNIFIED THEORIES AB Physics at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and the International e(+)e(-) Linear Collider (ILC) will be complementary in many respects, as has been demonstrated at previous generations of hadron and lepton colliders. This report addresses the possible interplay between the LHC and ILC in testing the Standard Model and in discovering and determining the origin of new physics. Mutual benefits for the physics programme at both machines can occur both at the level of a combined interpretation of Hadron Collider and Linear Collider data and at the level of combined analyses of the data, where results obtained at one machine can directly influence the way analyses are carried out at the other machine. Topics under study comprise the physics of weak and strong electroweak symmetry breaking, supersymmetric models, new gauge theories, models with extra dimensions, and electroweak and QCD precision physics. The status of the work that has been carried out within the LHC/ILC Study Group so far is summarized in this report. Possible topics for future studies are outlined. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Durham, Inst Particle Phys Phenomenol, Durham DH1 3LE, England. Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Skobeltsyn Inst Nucl Phys, Moscow 119992, Russia. CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. Univ Hamburg, Inst Phys Expt, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany. Indian Inst Sci, Ctr Theoret Studies, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India. Univ Calif Davis, Davis Inst HEP, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. Kobe Univ, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan. DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. Kyoto Univ, YITP, Kyoto, Japan. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. LAL, Orsay, France. KEK Theory Grp, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050891, Japan. DAMTP, CMS, Cambridge CB3 0WA, England. Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA. LLNL, Livermore, CA USA. Florida State Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. SUNY Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. LAPTH, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. Argonne Natl Lab, HEP Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Wurzburg, Inst Theoret Phys & Astrophys, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany. Univ London Royal Holloway & Bedford New Coll, Egham TW20 0EX, Surrey, England. UCL, London, England. Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. DESY, D-22603 Hamburg, Germany. Univ Turin, Turin, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Univ Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-95123 Catania, Italy. Inst Adv Study, Sch Nat Sci, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Florence, Dept Phys, Florence, Italy. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-50125 Florence, Italy. Catholic Univ Chile, Dept Fis, Santiago, Chile. ETH, Inst Particle Phys, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. Univ Montpellier 2, LPMT, F-34095 Montpellier 5, France. Univ Paris 11, Phys Theor Lab, F-91405 Orsay, France. Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. RAS, SB, Sobolev Inst Math, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. Univ Oslo, Dept Phys, N-0316 Oslo, Norway. Carleton Univ, Dept Phys, Ottawa Carleton Inst Phys, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada. Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, D-5300 Bonn, Germany. Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Particle Phys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. Paul Scherrer Inst, Theory Grp LTP, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Tokyo, ICRR, Tokyo, Japan. Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. Inst Fis Corpuscular, E-46071 Valencia, Spain. Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Dept Theoret Phys, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. Warsaw Univ, Inst Theoret Phys, Warsaw, Poland. Helsinki Inst Phys, Helsinki, Finland. Osterr Akad Wissensch, Inst Hochenergiephys, Vienna, Austria. ITEP, Moscow, Russia. LAPP Annecy, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. Univ Copenhagen, Inst Math, DK-2100 Copenhagen O, Denmark. Univ Edinburgh, Sch Phys, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 1, D-52074 Aachen, Germany. Univ Glasgow, Dept Phys & Astron, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland. Univ Southampton, Sch Phys & Astron, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England. Warsaw Univ, Inst Phys Expt, Warsaw, Poland. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London, England. Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. Univ Bergen, Dept Phys, N-5007 Bergen, Norway. Univ Manchester, Manchester, Lancs, England. Univ Zurich, Inst Theoret Phys, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland. Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Moscow Region, Russia. Univ Barcelona, Dept Estructura & Constituents Mat, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. Univ Barcelona, CER Astrophys Particle Phys & Cosmol, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. Univ Lancaster, Lancaster, England. Northwestern Univ, Dept Phys, Evanston, IL USA. Univ Hawaii, Dept Phys & Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Univ Sheffield, Dept Phys & Astron, Sheffield S3 7RH, S Yorkshire, England. Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany. Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Res Ctr Early Universe, Tokyo, Japan. RP Univ Durham, Inst Particle Phys Phenomenol, Durham DH1 3LE, England. EM georg.weiglein@durham.ac.uk RI Boos, Eduard/D-9748-2012; Yanagida, Tsutomu/A-4394-2011; Osland, Per/H-5061-2011; Belyaev, Alexander/F-6637-2015; Krawczyk, Maria/B-3184-2012; Guasch, Jaume/C-5040-2014; Juste, Aurelio/I-2531-2015; OI Osland, Per/0000-0002-6727-5311; Sola, Joan/0000-0002-5295-8275; Han, Tao/0000-0002-5543-0716; Allanach, Benjamin/0000-0003-4635-6830; Belyaev, Alexander/0000-0002-1733-4408; Guasch, Jaume/0000-0001-9641-5355; Juste, Aurelio/0000-0002-1558-3291; rainwater, david/0000-0002-3668-4331; Tricomi, Alessia Rita/0000-0002-5071-5501; Dawson, Sally/0000-0002-5598-695X NR 910 TC 279 Z9 279 U1 9 U2 44 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-1573 EI 1873-6270 J9 PHYS REP JI Phys. Rep.-Rev. Sec. Phys. Lett. PD APR PY 2006 VL 426 IS 2-6 BP 47 EP 358 DI 10.1016/j.physrep.2005.12.003 PG 312 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 030JY UT WOS:000236631900001 ER PT J AU Crease, RP AF Crease, RP TI Critical point off-hand remarks SO PHYSICS WORLD LA English DT Editorial Material C1 SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Philosophy, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Crease, RP (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Philosophy, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. EM rcrease@notes.cc.sunysb.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8585 J9 PHYS WORLD JI Phys. World PD APR PY 2006 VL 19 IS 4 BP 14 EP 14 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 033DR UT WOS:000236827200017 ER PT J AU Coiner, H Schroder, G Wehinger, E Liu, CJ Noel, JP Schwab, W Schroder, J AF Coiner, H Schroder, G Wehinger, E Liu, CJ Noel, JP Schwab, W Schroder, J TI Methylation of sulfhydryl groups: a new function for a family of small molecule plant O-methyltransferases SO PLANT JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Catharanthus roseus; S-methyltransferase; O-methyltransferase; evolution; protein modeling; homology-based cDNA cloning ID ACID/5-HYDROXYFERULIC ACID 3/5-O-METHYLTRANSFERASE; METHIONINE S-METHYLTRANSFERASE; CATHARANTHUS-ROSEUS L; THIOPURINE METHYLTRANSFERASE; THIOL METHYLTRANSFERASE; SUBSTRATE-SPECIFICITY; PHENYLPROPANOID METABOLISM; BRASSICA-OLERACEA; IN-VITRO; EXPRESSION AB In plants, type I and II S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent O-methyltransferases (OMTs) catalyze most hydroxyl group methylations of small molecules. A homology-based RT-PCR strategy using Catharanthus roseus (Madagascar periwinkle) RNA previously identified six new type I plant OMT family members. We now describe the molecular and biochemical characterization of a seventh protein. It shares 56-58% identity with caffeic acid OMTs (COMTs), but it failed to methylate COMT substrates, and had no activity with flavonoids. However, the in vitro incubations revealed unusually high background levels without added substrates. A search for the responsible component revealed that the enzyme methylated dithiothreitol (DTT), the reducing agent added for enzyme stabilization. Unexpectedly, product analysis revealed that the methylation occurred on a sulfhydryl moiety, not on a hydroxyl group. Analysis of 34 compounds indicated a broad substrate range, with a preference for small hydrophobic molecules. Benzene thiol (K-m 220 mu M) and furfuryl thiol (K-m 60 mu M) were the best substrates (6-7-fold better than DTT). Small isosteric hydrophobic substrates with hydroxyl groups, like phenol and guaiacol, were also methylated, but the activities were at least 5-fold lower than with thiols. The enzyme was named C. roseus S-methyltransferase 1 (CrSMT1). Models based on the COMT crystal structure suggest that S-methylation is mechanistically identical to O-methylation. CrSMT1 so far is the only recognized example of an S-methyltransferase in this protein family. Its properties indicate that a few changes in key residues are sufficient to convert an OMT into a S-methyltransferase (SMT). Future functional investigations of plant methyltransferases should consider the possibility that the enzymes may direct methylation at sulfhydryl groups. C1 Univ Freiburg, Inst Biol 2, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany. Tech Univ Munich, FG Biomol Lebensmitteltechnol, D-85354 Freising Weihenstephan, Germany. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Salk Inst Biol Studies, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Jack H Skirball Ctr Chem Biol & Prote, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. RP Schroder, J (reprint author), Univ Freiburg, Inst Biol 2, Schanzlestr 1, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany. EM joachim.schroeder@biologie.uni-freiburg.de FU Howard Hughes Medical Institute NR 60 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 10 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0960-7412 J9 PLANT J JI Plant J. PD APR PY 2006 VL 46 IS 2 BP 193 EP 205 DI 10.1111/J.1365-313X.2006.02680.x PG 13 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 027EN UT WOS:000236396700003 PM 16623883 ER PT J AU Hallam, SJ Mincer, TJ Schleper, C Preston, CM Roberts, K Richardson, PM DeLong, EF AF Hallam, SJ Mincer, TJ Schleper, C Preston, CM Roberts, K Richardson, PM DeLong, EF TI Pathways of carbon assimilation and ammonia oxidation suggested by environmental genomic analyses of marine Crenarchaeota SO PLOS BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID AUTOTROPHIC CO2 FIXATION; ARCHAEBACTERIUM THERMOPROTEUS-NEUTROPHILUS; EUBACTERIUM CHLOROFLEXUS-AURANTIACUS; PARTICULATE METHANE MONOOXYGENASE; HYDROGENOBACTER-THERMOPHILUS TK-6; ARCHAEON CENARCHAEUM-SYMBIOSUM; DIFFERENT OCEANIC PROVINCES; CITRATE CLEAVAGE REACTION; 3-HYDROXYPROPIONATE CYCLE; NITROSOMONAS-EUROPAEA AB Marine Crenarchaeota represent an abundant component of oceanic microbiota with potential to significantly influence biogeochemical cycling in marine ecosystems. Prior studies using specific archaeal lipid biomarkers and isotopic analyses indicated that planktonic Crenarchaeota have the capacity for autotrophic growth, and more recent cultivation studies support an ammonia-based chemolithoautotrophic energy metabolism. We report here analysis of fosmid sequences derived from the uncultivated marine crenarchaeote, Cenarchaeum symbiosum, focused on the reconstruction of carbon and energy metabolism. Genes predicted to encode multiple components of a modified 3-hydroxypropionate cycle of autotrophic carbon assimilation were identified, consistent with utilization of carbon dioxide as a carbon source. Additionally, genes predicted to encode a near complete oxidative tricarboxylic acid cycle were also identified, consistent with the consumption of organic carbon and in the production of intermediates for amino acid and cofactor biosynthesis. Therefore, C. symbiosum has the potential to function either as a strict autotroph, or as a mixotroph utilizing both carbon dioxide and organic material as carbon sources. From the standpoint of energy metabolism, genes predicted to encode ammonia monooxygenase subunits, ammonia permease, urease, and urea transporters were identified, consistent with the use of reduced nitrogen compounds as energy sources fueling autotrophic metabolism. Homologues of these genes, recovered from ocean waters worldwide, demonstrate the conservation and ubiquity of crenarchaeal pathways for carbon assimilation and ammonia oxidation. These findings further substantiate the likely global metabolic importance of Crenarchaeota with respect to key steps in the biogeochemical transformation of carbon and nitrogen in marine ecosystems. C1 MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Univ Bergen, Dept Biol, Bergen, Norway. Monterey Bay Aquarium Res Inst, Moss Landing, CA USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Geog & Environm Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA USA. RP DeLong, EF (reprint author), MIT, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. OI Mincer, Tracy/0000-0002-4644-5609 NR 77 TC 345 Z9 364 U1 6 U2 87 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1544-9173 J9 PLOS BIOL JI PLoS. Biol. PD APR PY 2006 VL 4 IS 4 BP 520 EP 536 AR E95 DI 10.1371/journal.pbio.0040095 PG 17 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA 036JD UT WOS:000237066500006 PM 16533068 ER PT J AU Drell, SD AF Drell, SD TI The shadow of the bomb, 2006 SO POLICY REVIEW LA English DT Reprint C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU HOOVER INSTITUTION PI STANFORD PA STANFORD UNIV, STANFORD, CA 94305-601 USA SN 0146-5945 J9 POLICY REV JI Policy Rev. PD APR-MAY PY 2006 IS 136 BP 55 EP 68 PG 14 WC Political Science SC Government & Law GA 031SS UT WOS:000236724900004 ER PT J AU Buice, ES Yang, H Smith, ST Hocken, RJ Seugling, RM AF Buice, ES Yang, H Smith, ST Hocken, RJ Seugling, RM TI Evaluation of a novel UHMWPE bearing for applications in precision slideways SO PRECISION ENGINEERING-JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETIES FOR PRECISION ENGINEERING AND NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE UHMWPE; bearing design; precision slideways; wear; vacuum; friction coefficient ID MOLECULAR-WEIGHT POLYETHYLENE; WEAR; COUNTERFACE AB This paper presents a novel slideway bearing design comprised of a thin-film (0.1-0.2 turn) ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) bound to a rigid hemispherical substrate. Two prototype bearing designs were fabricated and tested to characterize the coefficient of friction (dynamic and static) and wear of the polymer. In addition, similar bearings were incorporated into a kinematically constrained rectilinear carriage to determine the repeatability of motion during multiple traverses. The first bearing had a radius of curvature on the order of 2.38 mm incorporating an UHMWPE film thickness between 0.1 and 0.2 mm. The friction coefficient was measured to be 0.16 at a normal load of 11.5 N while changing to 0.19 as the normal load is decreased to 2.2 N, at a surface speed of 4.2 mm s(-1). This bearing failed after a traverse of approximately 700 to at a load of 11.5 N. A similar evaluation procedure was carried out on a bearing of radius 6.35 mm resulting in a friction coefficient of 0.13 at a normal load of 27.8 N while changing to 0.19 as the load is decreased to 2.2 N, and the bearing endured a traverse of over 2.2 kin at a load of approximately 28 N (in both air and vacuum conditions) with a surface speed of 4.2 mm s(-1). The second bearing prototype was further subjected to a repeatability test. In this set-up, a carriage incorporating five bearings was traversed in a nominally linear path while vertical deviations for multiple traverses were treasured by a custom built displacement sensor. Deviations from a linear path were observed to repeat to within a few nanometers about nominal variations of less than 10 net for a traverse distance of 10 mm. This system and other subsystems used to characterize the friction coefficient and noise of the polymer bearing are presented. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Univ N Carolina, Ctr Precis Metrol, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Buice, ES (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Ctr Precis Metrol, 9201 Univ City Blvd, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA. EM esbuice@uncc.edu NR 15 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0141-6359 J9 PRECIS ENG JI Precis. Eng.-J. Int. Soc. Precis. Eng. Nanotechnol. PD APR PY 2006 VL 30 IS 2 BP 185 EP 191 DI 10.1016/j.precisioneng.2005.07.003 PG 7 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Manufacturing; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 030KZ UT WOS:000236634700008 ER PT J AU Souers, PC Andreski, HG Batteux, J Bratton, B Cabacungan, C Cook, CF Fletcher, S Garza, R Grimsley, D Handly, J Hernandez, A McMaster, P Molitoris, JD Palmer, R Prindiville, J Rodriguez, J Schneberk, D Wong, B Vitello, P AF Souers, PC Andreski, HG Batteux, J Bratton, B Cabacungan, C Cook, CF Fletcher, S Garza, R Grimsley, D Handly, J Hernandez, A McMaster, P Molitoris, JD Palmer, R Prindiville, J Rodriguez, J Schneberk, D Wong, B Vitello, P TI Dead zones in LX-17 and PBX 9502 SO PROPELLANTS EXPLOSIVES PYROTECHNICS LA English DT Article DE dead zone; corner turning; X-ray; failure; reactive flow ID REACTIVE FLOW; INITIATION; DETONATION; TATB AB Pin and X-ray corner turning data have been taken on ambient LX-17 and PBX 9052, and the results are listed in tables as an aid to future modeling. The results have been modeled at 4 zones/mm with a reactive flow approach that varies the burn rate as a function of pressure. A single rate format is used to simulate failure and detonation in different pressure regimes. A pressure cut-off must also be reached to initiate the burn. Corner turning and failure are modeled using an intermediate pressure rate region, and detonation occurs at high pressure. The TATB booster is also modeled using reactive flow, and X-ray tomography is used to partition the ram-pressed hemisphere into five different density regions. The model reasonably fits the bare corner turning experiment but predicts a smaller dead zone with steel confinement, in contradiction with experiment. The same model also calculates the confined and unconfined cylinder detonation velocities and predicts the failure of the unconfined cylinder at 3.75 mm radius. The PBX 9502 shows a smaller dead zone than LX-17. An old experiment that showed a large apparent dead zone in Composition B was repeated with X-ray transmission and no dead zone was seen. This confirms the idea that a variable burn rate is the key to modeling. The model also produces initiation delays, which are shorter than those found in time-to-detonation. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Energet Mat Ctr, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Souers, PC (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Energet Mat Ctr, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM souers1@llnl.gov NR 23 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0721-3115 J9 PROPELL EXPLOS PYROT JI Propellants Explos. Pyrotech. PD APR PY 2006 VL 31 IS 2 BP 89 EP 97 DI 10.1002/prep.200600014 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Applied; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 039KL UT WOS:000237304400002 ER PT J AU Shin, DH Kim, JS Yokota, H Kim, R Kim, SH AF Shin, DH Kim, JS Yokota, H Kim, R Kim, SH TI Crystal structure of the DUF16 domain of MPN010 from Mycoplasma pneumoniae SO PROTEIN SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE DUF16; MPN010; hypothetical protein; coiled-coil; stutter ID SURFACTANT PROTEIN-D; COILED COILS; PROGRAM; MECHANISM; SOFTWARE; MOTILITY; GENOME; MAD AB We have determined the crystal structure of the DUF16 domain of unknown function encoded by the gene MPN010 of Mycoplasma pneumoniae at 1.8 angstrom resolution. The crystal structure revealed that this domain is composed of two separated homotrimeric coiled-coils. The shorter one consists of 11 highly conserved residues. The sequence comprises noncanonical heptad repeats that induce a right-handed coiled-coil structure. The longer one is composed of approximately nine heptad repeats. In this coiled-coil structure, there are three distinguishable regions that confer unique structural properties compared with other known homotrimeric coiled-coils. The first part, containing one stutter, is an unusual phenylalanine-rich region that is not found in any other coiled-coil structures. The second part is a highly conserved glutamine-rich region, frequently found in other trimeric coiled-coil structures. The last part is composed of prototype heptad repeats. The phylogenetic analysis of the DUF16 family together with a secondary structure prediction shows that the DUF16 family can be classified into five subclasses according to N-terminal sequences. Based on the structural comparison with other coiled-coil structures, a probable molecular function of the DUF16 family is discussed. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley Struct Genom Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Ewha Womans Univ, Coll Pharm, Seoul 120750, South Korea. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Kim, SH (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley Struct Genom Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM SHKim@cchem.berkeley.edu FU NIGMS NIH HHS [P50 GM062412] NR 38 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS, PUBLICATIONS DEPT PI WOODBURY PA 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2924 USA SN 0961-8368 J9 PROTEIN SCI JI Protein Sci. PD APR PY 2006 VL 15 IS 4 BP 921 EP 928 DI 10.1110/ps.051993506 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 031WA UT WOS:000236734200025 PM 16522803 ER PT J AU DiDonato, M Krishna, SS Schwarzenbacher, R McMullan, D Jaroszewski, L Miller, MD Abdubek, M Agarwalla, S Ambing, E Axelrod, H Biorac, T Chiu, HJ Deacon, AM Elsliger, MA Feuerhelm, J Godzik, A Grittini, C Grzechnik, SK Hale, J Hampton, E Haugen, J Hornsby, M Klock, HE Knuth, MW Koesema, E Kreusch, A Kuhn, P Lesley, SA Moy, K Nigoghossian, E Okach, L Paulsen, J Quijano, K Reyes, R Rife, C Spraggon, G Stevens, RC van den Bedem, H Velasquez, J White, A Wolf, G Xu, QP Hodgson, KO Wooley, J Wilson, IA AF DiDonato, M Krishna, SS Schwarzenbacher, R McMullan, D Jaroszewski, L Miller, MD Abdubek, M Agarwalla, S Ambing, E Axelrod, H Biorac, T Chiu, HJ Deacon, AM Elsliger, MA Feuerhelm, J Godzik, A Grittini, C Grzechnik, SK Hale, J Hampton, E Haugen, J Hornsby, M Klock, HE Knuth, MW Koesema, E Kreusch, A Kuhn, P Lesley, SA Moy, K Nigoghossian, E Okach, L Paulsen, J Quijano, K Reyes, R Rife, C Spraggon, G Stevens, RC van den Bedem, H Velasquez, J White, A Wolf, G Xu, QP Hodgson, KO Wooley, J Wilson, IA TI Crystal structure of a single-stranded DNA-binding protein (TM0604) from Thermotoga maritima at 2.60 A resolution SO PROTEINS-STRUCTURE FUNCTION AND BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI SSB; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; QUATERNARY STRUCTURE; DOMAIN; VALIDATION; REFINEMENT; GEOMETRY C1 Scripps Res Inst, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Menlo Pk, CA USA. San Diego Supercomp Ctr, La Jolla, CA USA. Novartis Res Fdn, Genom Inst, San Diego, CA USA. Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. RP Wilson, IA (reprint author), Scripps Res Inst, BCC206,10550 N Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. EM Wilson@scripps.edu RI subramanian, srikrishna/D-5004-2009; Godzik, Adam/A-7279-2009; Stevens, Raymond/K-7272-2015 OI subramanian, srikrishna/0000-0002-3263-1048; Godzik, Adam/0000-0002-2425-852X; Stevens, Raymond/0000-0002-4522-8725 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [P50 GM62411, U54 GM074898] NR 26 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 18 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0887-3585 J9 PROTEINS JI Proteins PD APR 1 PY 2006 VL 63 IS 1 BP 256 EP 260 DI 10.1002/prot.20841 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 023NM UT WOS:000236133500028 PM 16435371 ER PT J AU Liang, L Anderson-Cook, CM Robinson, TJ AF Liang, L Anderson-Cook, CM Robinson, TJ TI Fraction of design space plots for split-plot designs SO QUALITY AND RELIABILITY ENGINEERING INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE design assessment; graphical methods; restricted randomization; alphabetic optimality; hard-to-change factors; split-plot ID RESPONSE-SURFACE DESIGNS; PREDICTION CAPABILITY; MIXTURE AB In industrial experiments, restrictions on the execution of the experimental runs or tire existence of one or more hard-to-change factors often leads to split-plot experiments, where there are two types of experimental units and two independent randomizatious. Tire resulting compound symmetric error structure, as well as the settings of whole-plot and subplot factors, play important roles in the performance of split-plot experiments. When the practitioner is interested in predicting the response, a response surface design for a second-order model such as a central composite design (CCD) is often used. The prediction variance of second-order designs under a split-plot error structure is often of interest. In this paper, fraction of design space (FDS) plots are adapted to split-plot designs. In addition to the global curve exploring the entire design space, sliced curves at various whole-plot levels are presented to study prediction performance for subregions in the design space. Tire different sizes of the constrained subregions are accounted for by the proportioual size of the sliced curves. Tire construction and use of tire FDS plots are demonstrated through two examples of the restricted CCD in split-plot schemes. We also consider the impact of the variance ratio on design performance. Copyright (C) 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Duke Clin Res Inst, Durham, NC 27705 USA. Univ Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. RP Anderson-Cook, CM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM c-and-cook@lanl.gov NR 13 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0748-8017 J9 QUAL RELIAB ENG INT JI Qual. Reliab. Eng. Int. PD APR PY 2006 VL 22 IS 3 BP 275 EP 289 DI 10.1002/qre.770 PG 15 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Industrial; Operations Research & Management Science SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA 040FL UT WOS:000237364300005 ER PT J AU Reimer, PJ Baillie, MGL McCormac, G Reimer, RW Bard, E Beck, JW Blackwell, PG Buck, CE Burr, GS Edwards, RL Friedrich, M Guilderson, TP Manning, S Guilderson, TP Southon, JR Hogg, AG Stuiver, M Hughen, KA van der Plicht, J Kromer, B van der Plicht, J Manning, S Weyhenmeyer, CE AF Reimer, PJ Baillie, MGL McCormac, G Reimer, RW Bard, E Beck, JW Blackwell, PG Buck, CE Burr, GS Edwards, RL Friedrich, M Guilderson, TP Manning, S Guilderson, TP Southon, JR Hogg, AG Stuiver, M Hughen, KA van der Plicht, J Kromer, B van der Plicht, J Manning, S Weyhenmeyer, CE TI Comment on "Radiocarbon calibration curve spanning 0 to 50,000 years BP based on paired Th-230/U-234/U-238 and C-14 dates on pristine corals" by R.G. Fairbanks et al. (Quaternary Science Reviews 24 (2005) 1781-1796) and "Extending the radiocarbon calibration beyond 26,000 years before present using fossil corals" by T.-C. Chin et al. (Quaternary Science Reviews 24 (2005) 1797-1808) SO QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS LA English DT Letter ID CAL KYR BP; AGE CALIBRATION; TIME-SCALE; RECORD; SEA; TERRESTRIAL; CHRONOLOGY; WORKSHOP; BARBADOS; PROGRAM C1 Queens Univ Belfast, CHRONO Ctr Climate Chronol & Environm, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland. CEREGE, UMR 6635, F-13545 Aix En Provence 4, France. Univ Arizona, Dept Phys, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Univ Sheffield, Dept Probabil & Stat, Sheffield S3 7RH, S Yorkshire, England. Univ Arizona, Dept Geosci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Univ Minnesota, Dept Geol & Geophys, Minneapolis, MN USA. Univ Hohenheim, Inst Bot, D-70593 Stuttgart, Germany. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry L397, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Ocean Sci Dept, Santa Cruz, CA 92697 USA. Univ Waikato, Radiocarbon Dating Lab, Hamilton, New Zealand. Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Marine Chem & Geochem, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. Heidelberger Akad Wissensch, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Univ Toronto, Dept Fine Art, Toronto, ON M5S 3G3, Canada. Univ Reading, Dept Archaeol, Reading RG6 6AB, Berks, England. Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Univ Washington, Quaternary Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Groningen, Centrum Isotopen Onderzoek, NL-9747 AG Groningen, Netherlands. Leiden Univ, Fac Archaeol, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. Syracuse Univ, Dept Earth Sci, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. RP Reimer, PJ (reprint author), Queens Univ Belfast, CHRONO Ctr Climate Chronol & Environm, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland. EM p.j.reimer@qub.ac.uk RI van der Plicht, Johannes/B-9994-2013; Bard, Edouard/G-7717-2014; Reimer, Paula/I-5915-2015; Blackwell, Paul/F-2885-2017 OI Blackwell, Paul/0000-0002-3141-4914 NR 41 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 11 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0277-3791 J9 QUATERNARY SCI REV JI Quat. Sci. Rev. PD APR PY 2006 VL 25 IS 7-8 BP 855 EP 862 DI 10.1016/j.quascirev.2005.09.009 PG 8 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA 041NX UT WOS:000237464000012 ER PT J AU O'Connell, P AF O'Connell, P TI The impact of the draft 2005 recommendations of ICRP on secondary derived regulatory values being considered by the US Department of Energy SO RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY LA English DT Article AB The US Department of Energy, Office of Environment, Safety and Health, Office of Health is responsible for maintaining the Department of Energy's occupational radiation protection rule, Title 10 Code of Federal Regulations, Part 835, Occupational Radiation Protection. The Department of Energy is evaluating amending its rule to include the dose assessment methodology recommended in International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) Publications 60 and 68. On 21 June 2004 the ICRP posted their draft, Recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection 2005, which included revisions to the recommended dose assessment methodology. The Department of Energy compared the draft recommendations to determine their effect on the changes the Department of Energy is currently considering. C1 US DOE, Off Environm Safety & Hlth, Washington, DC 20585 USA. RP O'Connell, P (reprint author), US DOE, Off Environm Safety & Hlth, Washington, DC 20585 USA. EM peter.o'connell@eh.doe.gov NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0144-8420 J9 RADIAT PROT DOSIM JI Radiat. Prot. Dosim. PD APR PY 2006 VL 118 IS 1 BP 97 EP 101 DI 10.1093/rpd/nci320 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 039QM UT WOS:000237321300016 PM 16105895 ER PT J AU Yelon, A Movaghar, B Crandall, RS AF Yelon, A Movaghar, B Crandall, RS TI Multi-excitation entropy: its role in thermodynamics and kinetics SO REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS LA English DT Review ID MEYER-NELDEL RULE; A-SI-H; HYDROGENATED AMORPHOUS-SILICON; ELECTRON-TRANSFER REACTIONS; STRETCHED-EXPONENTIAL RELAXATION; CAPTURE CROSS-SECTIONS; THIN-FILM TRANSISTORS; TIME-OF-FLIGHT; COMPENSATION LAW; ISOKINETIC RELATIONSHIP AB This review concerns the concept of multi-excitation entropy (MEE) and its consequences. When a fluctuation involving a large number of excitations occurs, for example, when a large activation barrier is overcome, there must be a large entropy associated with this fluctuation. First, the concepts of free energy and entropy, of activated processes and the Arrhenius and Eyring equations are reviewed. The tendency to neglect entropy, whose value is difficult to determine, in modelling kinetic processes, is briefly discussed. We then present a review of the experimental observations of the phenomenon which is variously known as the Compensation Law, the lsokinetic Rule and the Meyer-Neldel Rule (MNR). These observations include examples from chemistry, condensed matter physics, biology and geology. Arguments are then presented for the importance of entropy and particularly of MEE in both kinetics and thermodynamics, when activation energies are large. After a discussion of non-entropic models of compensation, we present results which support the MEE model as an explanation of MNR. The behaviour of systems with low activation energies, or at high temperatures, to which the MEE model does not apply, is then discussed. Several consequences of MEE, including applications to the interpretation of experimental data, particularly the unification of models of dc and ac electrical properties of materials are considered. The high temperature behaviour of systems which obey the MNR at low temperature is then explained, and the idea of a total entropy, of which the MEE is a part, is introduced, as is the correlation between the two empirical parameters encountered in MNR. Finally, these ideas lead to verified predictions of reasonable values of attempt frequencies and cross sections in kinetic processes, which initially appear unreasonable. C1 Ecole Polytech, Dept Genie Phys & Reseau Quebecois Mat Pointe, Montreal, PQ H3C 3A7, Canada. Univ Leeds, Sch Chem, Ctr Self Organising Mol Syst, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Movaghar, B (reprint author), Ecole Polytech, Dept Genie Phys & Reseau Quebecois Mat Pointe, POB 6079,Stn CV, Montreal, PQ H3C 3A7, Canada. NR 207 TC 98 Z9 99 U1 1 U2 28 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0034-4885 J9 REP PROG PHYS JI Rep. Prog. Phys. PD APR PY 2006 VL 69 IS 4 BP 1145 EP 1194 DI 10.1088/0034-4885/69/4/R04 PG 50 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 044NX UT WOS:000237680500004 ER PT J AU Allegrini, F McComas, DJ Young, DT Berthelier, JJ Covinhes, J Illiano, JM Riou, JF Funsten, HO Harper, RW AF Allegrini, F McComas, DJ Young, DT Berthelier, JJ Covinhes, J Illiano, JM Riou, JF Funsten, HO Harper, RW TI Energy loss of 1-50 keV H, He, C, N, O, Ne, and Ar ions transmitted through thin carbon foils SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID ULTRATHIN FOILS; TIME AB Thin foils are used extensively in space plasma spectrometers, for example, for generation of a coincidence measurement via secondary electron emission in time-of-flight mass spectrometers and charge conversion of energetic neutral atoms (ENAs) in ENA imagers. An ion or neutral atom passing through the carbon foil experiences energy loss and straggling that can degrade the energy resolution or mass resolution. These effects need to be quantified in order to permit efficient instrument development and modeling. We present measurements of energy loss and energy loss straggling for H, He, C, N, O, Ne, and Ar ions between 1 and 50 keV passing through carbon foils of different thicknesses (nominally between 0.5 and 3.0 mu g/cm(2)). We derive empirical relationships for the energy loss and energy loss straggling as a function of foil thickness, ion species, and ion energy. In particular, below similar to 10 keV the energy loss of hydrogen seems to vary with foil thickness and the energy loss straggling seems to vary with the square root of the thickness. Our results apply equally well to ions and neutral atoms. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics. C1 SW Res Inst, San Antonio, TX 78228 USA. CETP, F-94100 St Maur, France. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Allegrini, F (reprint author), SW Res Inst, 6220 Culebra Rd, San Antonio, TX 78228 USA. RI Funsten, Herbert/A-5702-2015 OI Funsten, Herbert/0000-0002-6817-1039 NR 22 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD APR PY 2006 VL 77 IS 4 AR 044501 DI 10.1063/1.2185490 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 037HA UT WOS:000237136500040 ER PT J AU DeCiantis, JL Seguin, FH Frenje, JA Berube, V Canavan, MJ Chen, CD Kurebayashi, S Li, CK Rygg, JR Schwartz, BE Petrasso, RD Delettrez, JA Regan, SP Smalyuk, VA Knauer, JP Marshall, FJ Meyerhofer, DD Roberts, S Sangster, TC Stoeckl, C Mikaelian, K Park, HS Robey, HF AF DeCiantis, JL Seguin, FH Frenje, JA Berube, V Canavan, MJ Chen, CD Kurebayashi, S Li, CK Rygg, JR Schwartz, BE Petrasso, RD Delettrez, JA Regan, SP Smalyuk, VA Knauer, JP Marshall, FJ Meyerhofer, DD Roberts, S Sangster, TC Stoeckl, C Mikaelian, K Park, HS Robey, HF TI Proton core imaging of the nuclear burn in inertial confinement fusion implosions SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID DRIVE LASER-FUSION; RHO-R; ENERGY-LOSS; PLASMAS; TARGETS; OMEGA; CAPSULES; EMISSION AB A proton emission imaging system has been developed and used extensively to measure the nuclear burn regions in the cores of inertial confinement fusion implosions. Three imaging cameras, mounted to the 60-beam OMEGA laser facility [T. R. Boehly , Opt. Commun. 133, 495 (1997)], use the penetrating 14.7 MeV protons produced from D He-3 fusion reactions to produce emission images of the nuclear burn spatial distribution. The technique relies on penumbral imaging, with different reconstruction algorithms for extracting the burn distributions of symmetric and asymmetric implosions. The hardware and design considerations required for the imaging cameras are described. Experimental data, analysis, and error analysis are presented for a representative symmetric implosion of a fuel capsule with a 17-mu m-thick plastic shell and 18 atm D He-3 gas fill. The radial burn profile was found to have characteristic radius R-burn, which we define as the radius containing half the D He-3 reactions, of 32 +/- 2 mu m (burn radii measured for other capsule types range from 20 to 80 mu m). Potential sources of error due to proton trajectory changes from interactions with electric fields and scattering in capsule and camera hardware are estimated with simple analytic and Monte Carlo calculations; they are predicted to be small compared with statistical errors. Experimental tests were performed to look for any inconsistencies between results from different cameras and different imaging geometries, or evidence of error due to ambient electric or magnetic fields, and none were found. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics. C1 MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Rochester, Dept Mech Engn, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. RP DeCiantis, JL (reprint author), MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM seguin@mit.edu NR 30 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD APR PY 2006 VL 77 IS 4 AR 043503 DI 10.1063/1.2173788 PG 9 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 037HA UT WOS:000237136500013 ER PT J AU Lanier, NE Cowan, JS Workman, J AF Lanier, NE Cowan, JS Workman, J TI Characterization and cross calibration of Agfa D4, D7, and D8 and Kodak SR45 x-ray films against direct exposure film at 4.0-5.5 keV SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article AB Kodak direct exposure film (DEF) [B. L. Henke , J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 3, 1540 (1986)] has been the standard for moderate energy (1-10 keV) x-ray diagnostic applications among the high-energy-density and inertial confinement fusion research communities. However, market forces have prompted Kodak to discontinue production of DEF, leaving these specialized communities searching for a replacement. We have conducted cross-calibration experiments and film characterizations on five possible substitutes for Kodak DEF. The film types studied were Kodak's Biomax MR (BMR) and SR45 along with Agfa's D8, D7, and D4sc. None of the films tested matched the speed of DEF. BMR and D8 were closest but D8 exhibited lower noise, with superior resolution and dynamic range. Agfa D7, Agfa D4sc, and Kodak SR45 were significantly less sensitive than BMR and D8, however, the improvements they yielded in resolution and dynamic range warrant their use if experimental constraints allow. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Lanier, NE (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. NR 13 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD APR PY 2006 VL 77 IS 4 AR 043504 DI 10.1063/1.2194509 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 037HA UT WOS:000237136500014 ER PT J AU Lipfert, J Millett, IS Seifert, S Doniach, S AF Lipfert, J Millett, IS Seifert, S Doniach, S TI Sample holder for small-angle x-ray scattering static and flow cell measurements SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID ADVANCED PHOTON SOURCE; BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES; CYTOCHROME-C AB We present the design of a sample holder for small-angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) that can be used for both static and flow cell measurements, allowing to switch between these two types of measurement without having to realign the detector and camera geometry. The device makes possible high signal-to-noise experiments with sample volumes as small as 16 mu l and can be thermocontrolled using a standard circulating water bath. The setup has been used successfully for a range of biological SAXS measurements, including peptides, detergent micelles, membrane proteins, and nucleic acids. As a performance test, we present scattering data for horse heart cytochrome c, collected at the BESSRC CAT beam line 12-ID of the Advanced Photon Source. The design drawings are provided in the supplementary material. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics. C1 Stanford Univ, Geballe Lab Adv Mat, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Geballe Lab Adv Mat, Dept Appl Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Geballe Lab Adv Mat, Biophys Program, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Expt Facil Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Lipfert, J (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Geballe Lab Adv Mat, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. NR 22 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD APR PY 2006 VL 77 IS 4 AR 046108 DI 10.1063/1.2194484 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 037HA UT WOS:000237136500066 ER PT J AU Shu, JN Wilson, KR Ahmed, M Leone, SR AF Shu, JN Wilson, KR Ahmed, M Leone, SR TI Coupling a versatile aerosol apparatus to a synchrotron: Vacuum ultraviolet light scattering, photoelectron imaging, and fragment free mass spectrometry SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID THERMAL VAPORIZATION; EVAPORATED-FILMS; ALKALI IODIDE; PARTICLES; BEAM; INSTRUMENTATION; CHEMISTRY; RADIATION; NOZZLE; FINE AB An aerosol apparatus has been coupled to the Chemical Dynamics Beamline of the Advanced Light Source at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. This apparatus has multiple capabilities for aerosol studies, including vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) light scattering, photoelectron imaging, and mass spectroscopy of aerosols. By utilizing an inlet system consisting of a 200 mu m orifice nozzle and aerodynamic lenses, aerosol particles of similar to 50 nm- similar to 1 mu m in diameter can be sampled directly from atmospheric pressure. The machine is versatile and can probe carbonaceous aerosols generated by a laboratory flame, nebulized solutions of biological molecules, hydrocarbon aerosol reaction products, and synthesized inorganic nanoparticles. The sensitivity of this apparatus is demonstrated by the detection of nanoparticles with VUV light scattering, photoelectron imaging, and charged particle detection. In addition to the detection of nanoparticles, the thermal vaporization of aerosols on a heater tip leads to the generation of intact gas phase molecules. This phenomenon coupled to threshold single photon ionization, accessible with tunable VUV light, allows for fragment-free mass spectrometry of complex molecules. The initial experiments with light scattering, photoelectron imaging, and aerosol mass spectrometry reported here serve as a demonstration of the design philosophy and multiple capabilities of the apparatus. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem & Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Leone, SR (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem & Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM srl@berkeley.edu RI Ahmed, Musahid/A-8733-2009 NR 31 TC 27 Z9 29 U1 2 U2 27 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD APR PY 2006 VL 77 IS 4 AR 043106 DI 10.1063/1.2194474 PG 10 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 037HA UT WOS:000237136500007 ER PT J AU Tachizaki, T Muroya, T Matsuda, O Sugawara, Y Hurley, DH Wright, OB AF Tachizaki, T Muroya, T Matsuda, O Sugawara, Y Hurley, DH Wright, OB TI Scanning ultrafast Sagnac interferometry for imaging two-dimensional surface wave propagation SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID ACOUSTIC-WAVES; REAL-TIME; ELASTIC PROPERTIES; ULTRASONIC-WAVES; LASER GENERATION; LIGHT-PULSES; THIN-FILMS; HOLOGRAPHY; SOLIDS; VISUALIZATION AB We describe an improved two-dimensional optical scanning technique combined with an ultrafast Sagnac interferometer for delayed-probe imaging of surface wave propagation. We demonstrate the operation of this system, which involves the use of a single focusing objective, by monitoring surface acoustic wave propagation on opaque substrates with picosecond temporal and micron lateral resolutions. An improvement in the lateral resolution by a factor of 3 is achieved in comparison with previous setups for similar samples. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics. C1 Hokkaido Univ, Grad Sch Engn, Dept Appl Phys, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0608628, Japan. Univ Southampton, Sch Phys & Astron, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England. Idaho Natl Engn Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Matsuda, O (reprint author), Hokkaido Univ, Grad Sch Engn, Dept Appl Phys, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0608628, Japan. EM assp@kino-ap.eng.hokudai.ac.jp RI Matsuda, Osamu/A-7193-2012 OI Matsuda, Osamu/0000-0002-0736-1242 NR 56 TC 68 Z9 68 U1 1 U2 31 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD APR PY 2006 VL 77 IS 4 AR 043713 DI 10.1063/1.2194518 PG 12 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 037HA UT WOS:000237136500031 ER PT J AU Balatsky, AV Vekhter, I Zhu, JX AF Balatsky, A. V. Vekhter, I. Zhu, Jian-Xin TI Impurity-induced states in conventional and unconventional superconductors SO REVIEWS OF MODERN PHYSICS LA English DT Review ID D-WAVE SUPERCONDUCTORS; DENSITY-OF-STATES; T-C SUPERCONDUCTORS; HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS; NUMERICAL RENORMALIZATION-GROUP; HEAVY-FERMION SUPERCONDUCTORS; QUASI-PARTICLE LOCALIZATION; TIME-REVERSAL-SYMMETRY; SPIN-FLUCTUATION SCATTERING; LOCAL ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE AB This review presents recent developments in the understanding of how impurities influence the electronic states in the bulk properties of superconductors. The focus is on quasilocalized states in the vicinity of impurity sites in conventional and unconventional superconductors and the goal is to provide a unified framework for their description. The nonmagnetic impurity resonances in unconventional superconductors are directly related to the Yu-Shiba-Rusinov states around magnetic impurities in conventional s-wave systems. The physics behind these states, including the quantum phase transition between screened and unscreened impurities, are reviewed and recent work on d-wave superconductors is emphasized. The bound states are seen in scanning-tunneling spectroscopy measurements on high-T-c cuprates, which are described in detail. This paper discusses very recent progress in our understanding of states coupled to impurity sites, which have their own dynamics. Also reviewed are inelastic electron-tunneling spectroscopy features that could be seen by scanning-tunneling microscopy in real space and their Fourier-transformed images and impurity resonances in the presence of an order competing with superconductivity. The last part of the review is devoted to the influence of local deviations of the impurity concentration from its average value on the density of states in s-wave superconductors. Discussed is how these fluctuations affect the density of states and it is shown that s-wave superconductors are, strictly speaking, gapless in the presence of an arbitrarily small concentration of magnetic impurities. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Louisiana State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. RP Balatsky, AV (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM avb@lanl.gov; vekhter@phys.lsu.edu; jxzhu@lanl.gov RI Vekhter, Ilya/M-1780-2013; OI Zhu, Jianxin/0000-0001-7991-3918 NR 368 TC 525 Z9 527 U1 17 U2 116 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0034-6861 EI 1539-0756 J9 REV MOD PHYS JI Rev. Mod. Phys. PD APR-JUN PY 2006 VL 78 IS 2 BP 373 EP 433 DI 10.1103/RevModPhys.78.373 PG 61 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 058YC UT WOS:000238699500002 ER PT J AU Aranson, IS Tsimring, LS AF Aranson, Igor S. Tsimring, Lev S. TI Patterns and collective behavior in granular media: Theoretical concepts SO REVIEWS OF MODERN PHYSICS LA English DT Review ID LONG DRUM MIXER; REVERSIBLE AXIAL SEGREGATION; SURFACE FLOWS; VERTICAL VIBRATIONS; ROTATING CYLINDERS; NONLINEAR DYNAMICS; SIZE SEGREGATION; SAND RIPPLES; HORIZONTAL VIBRATIONS; LONGITUDINAL VORTICES AB Granular materials are ubiquitous in our daily lives. While they have been the subject of intensive engineering research for centuries, in the last two decades granular matter has attracted significant attention from physicists. Yet despite major efforts by many groups, the theoretical description of granular systems remains largely a plethora of different, often contradictory concepts and approaches. Various theoretical models have emerged for describing the onset of collective behavior and pattern formation in granular matter. This review surveys a number of situations in which nontrivial patterns emerge in granular systems, elucidates important distinctions between these phenomena and similar ones occurring in continuum fluids, and describes general principles and models of pattern formation in complex systems that have been successfully applied to granular systems. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Inst Nonlinear Sci, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Aranson, IS (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM aronson@msd.anl.gov; ltsimring@ucsd.edu RI Aranson, Igor/I-4060-2013 NR 368 TC 427 Z9 434 U1 19 U2 151 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0034-6861 EI 1539-0756 J9 REV MOD PHYS JI Rev. Mod. Phys. PD APR-JUN PY 2006 VL 78 IS 2 BP 641 EP 692 DI 10.1103/RevModPhys.78.641 PG 52 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 058YC UT WOS:000238699500008 ER PT J AU Dombroski, MJ Fischbeck, PS AF Dombroski, MJ Fischbeck, PS TI An integrated physical dispersion and behavioral response model for risk assessment of radiological dispersion device (RDD) events SO RISK ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE behaviorally realistic risk assessment; parametric risk analysis; radiological dispersion device ID TIME; CASUALTIES; SURVIVAL AB A radiological dispersion device (RDD) or "dirty" bomb is a conventional explosive wrapped in radiological material. Terrorists may use an RDD to disperse radioactive material across a populated area, causing casualties and/or economic damage. Nearly all risk assessment models for RDDs make unrealistic assumptions about public behavior in their health assessments, including assumptions that the public would stand outside in a single location indefinitely. In this article, we describe an approach for assessing the risks of RDD events incorporating both physical dispersion and behavioral response variables. The general approach is tested using the City of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania as a case study. Atmospheric models simulate an RDD attack and its likely fallout, while radiation exposure models assess fatal cancer risk. We model different geographical distributions of the population based on time of day. We evaluate aggregate health impacts for different public responses (i.e., sheltering-in-place, evacuating). We find that current RDD models in use can be improved with the integration of behavioral components. Using the results from the model, we show how risk varies across several behavioral and physical variables. We show that the best policy to recommend to the public depends on many different variables, such as the amount of trauma at ground zero, the capability of emergency responders to get trauma victims to local hospitals quickly and efficiently, how quickly evacuations can take place in the city, and the amount of shielding available for shelterers. Using a parametric analysis, we develop behaviorally realistic risk assessments, we identify variables that can affect an optimal risk reduction policy, and we find that decision making can be improved by evaluating the tradeoff between trauma and cancer fatalities for various RDD scenarios before they occur. C1 Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Engn & Publ Policy, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Social & Decis Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. RP Dombroski, MJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermere Natl Lab, Syst & Decis Sci Sect, L-228,7000 E Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM Broski2@llnl.gov NR 44 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 3 U2 12 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0272-4332 J9 RISK ANAL JI Risk Anal. PD APR PY 2006 VL 26 IS 2 BP 501 EP 514 DI 10.1111/j.1539-6924.2006.00742 PG 14 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA 025EQ UT WOS:000236248500016 PM 16573636 ER PT J AU Leontis, NB Altman, RB Berman, HM Brenner, SE Brown, JW Engelke, DR Harvey, SC Holbrook, SR Jossinet, F Lewis, SE Major, F Mathews, DH Richardson, JS Williamson, JR Westhof, E AF Leontis, NB Altman, RB Berman, HM Brenner, SE Brown, JW Engelke, DR Harvey, SC Holbrook, SR Jossinet, F Lewis, SE Major, F Mathews, DH Richardson, JS Williamson, JR Westhof, E TI The RNA Ontology Consortium: An open invitation to the RNA community SO RNA-A PUBLICATION OF THE RNA SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE biological ontology; RNA; sequence alignments; 3D structure; RNA motifs ID STRUCTURAL MOTIFS; NUCLEIC-ACID; 3-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURES; RIBOSOMAL-RNA; BASE-PAIRS; IDENTIFICATION; INFORMATION; ALIGNMENT; DATABASE AB The aim of the RNA Ontology Consortium (ROC) is to create an integrated conceptual framework - an RNA Ontology (RO) - with a common, dynamic, controlled, and structured vocabulary to describe and characterize RNA sequences, secondary structures, three-dimensional structures, and dynamics pertaining to RNA function. The RO should produce tools for clear communication about RNA structure and function for multiple uses, including the integration of RNA electronic resources into the Semantic Web. These tools should allow the accurate description in computer-interpretable form of the coupling between RNA architecture, function, and evolution. The purposes for creating the RO are, therefore, (1) to integrate sequence and structural databases; (2) to allow different computational tools to interoperate; (3) to create powerful software tools that bring advanced computational methods to the bench scientist; and (4) to facilitate precise searches for all relevant information pertaining to RNA. For example, one initial objective of the ROC is to define, identify, and classify RNA structural motifs described in the literature or appearing in databases and to agree on a computer-interpretable definition for each of these motifs. To achieve these aims, the ROC will foster communication and promote collaboration among RNA scientists by coordinating frequent face-to-face workshops to discuss, debate, and resolve difficult conceptual issues. These meeting opportunities will create new directions at various levels of RNA research. The ROC will work closely with the PDB/NDB structural databases and the Gene, Sequence, and Open Biomedical Ontology Consortia to integrate the RO with existing biological ontologies to extend existing content while maintaining interoperability. C1 Bowling Green State Univ, Dept Chem, Bowling Green, OH 43402 USA. Bowling Green State Univ, Ctr Biomol Sci, Bowling Green, OH 43402 USA. Stanford Univ, Med Ctr, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Chem, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Microbiol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Biol Chem, Ann Arbor, MI 48103 USA. Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Biol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Dept Biol Struct, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Montreal, Dept Informat & Rech Operat, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. Univ Rochester, Med Ctr, Dept Biochem & Biophys, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. Duke Univ, Dept Biochem, Durham, NC 27710 USA. Scripps Res Inst, Dept Mol Biol, Skaggs Inst Chem Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. Univ Strasbourg 1, Inst Biol Mol & Cellulaire, CNRS, UPR Architecture & React,ARN, F-67084 Strasbourg, France. RP Leontis, NB (reprint author), Bowling Green State Univ, Dept Chem, Bowling Green, OH 43402 USA. EM Leontis@bgnet.bgsu.edu RI Williamson, James/B-2891-2009; Leontis, Neocles/E-8866-2011; Smith, Barry/A-9525-2011; Brenner, Steven/A-8729-2008; OI Williamson, James/0000-0002-8772-468X; Leontis, Neocles/0000-0003-3521-5119; Smith, Barry/0000-0003-1384-116X; Brenner, Steven/0000-0001-7559-6185; Lewis, Suzanna/0000-0002-8343-612X FU NIGMS NIH HHS [R01 GM034869, R01 GM074127, R15 GM055898, R15 GM055898-04] NR 51 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 1 U2 6 PU COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS, PUBLICATIONS DEPT PI WOODBURY PA 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2924 USA SN 1355-8382 J9 RNA JI RNA-Publ. RNA Soc. PD APR PY 2006 VL 12 IS 4 BP 533 EP 541 DI 10.1261/rna.2343206 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 031JH UT WOS:000236700200001 PM 16484377 ER PT J AU Kenny, PA Nelson, CM Bissell, MJ AF Kenny, PA Nelson, CM Bissell, MJ TI The ecology of tumors SO SCIENTIST LA English DT Article ID IN-VIVO; PHENOTYPE; CANCER; CELLS AB The microenvironment a tumor exists in shapes its development and progression. Wounds and infection may be key in this development. The manipulation of the tumor microenvironment is an attractive therapeutic concept. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Kenny, PA (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM mbissell@the-scientist.com RI Kenny, Paraic/A-3120-2008 FU NCI NIH HHS [U54 CA126552, U54 CA143836, U01 CA143233, U54 CA112970-01, U54 CA112970, R01 CA057621, U54 CA143836-01, R01 CA064786, U54 CA126552-01, R01 CA064786-06, R01 CA057621-11, U01 CA143233-01] NR 13 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU SCIENTIST INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3535 MARKET ST, SUITE 200, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-3385 USA SN 0890-3670 J9 SCIENTIST JI Scientist PD APR PY 2006 VL 20 IS 4 BP 30 EP 35 PG 6 WC Information Science & Library Science; Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Information Science & Library Science; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 028ZZ UT WOS:000236528700018 PM 21132085 ER PT J AU Zhang, M Yang, B Chu, J Nieh, TG AF Zhang, M Yang, B Chu, J Nieh, TG TI Hardness enhancement in nanocrystalline tantalum thin films SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE nanocrystalline tantalum; nanoindentation; hardness; thin films; sputtering ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; DIFFUSION BARRIER; MICROHARDNESS; METALLIZATION; DEFORMATION; DEPENDENCE; NICKEL; ALLOYS; TA; FE AB Nanocrystalline tantalum thin film was prepared by radio frequency magnetron sputtering on a glass substrate. The structure and mechanical properties of the as-deposited thin film were investigated by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and nanoindentation. The salient feature in the present tantalum thin film with a grain size of 76.5 nm is the remarkable enhancement of hardness, being about one order of magnitude higher than that of bulk coarse-grained tantalum. (c) 2006 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Natl Ocean Univ, Inst Mat Engn, Chilung 202, Taiwan. RP Nieh, TG (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM tnieh@utk.edu RI Nieh, Tai-Gang/G-5912-2011 OI Nieh, Tai-Gang/0000-0002-2814-3746 NR 29 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 3 U2 14 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD APR PY 2006 VL 54 IS 7 BP 1227 EP 1230 DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2005.12.027 PG 4 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 011GM UT WOS:000235256200002 ER PT J AU Yang, B Riester, L Nieh, TG AF Yang, B Riester, L Nieh, TG TI Strain hardening and recovery in a bulk metallic glass under nanoindentation SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE metallic glasses; nano indentation; strain hardening; yield phenomenon; shear bands ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; PLASTIC-DEFORMATION; ALLOYS; FLOW; INDENTATION; FAILURE; SCIENCE AB Hardening and recovery phenomena, which have not been recognized in amorphous materials at room temperature before, were observed in a bulk metallic glass (BMG) using an instrumented nanoindentation. From designed cyclic experiments, we observed the hardness of the BMG increased each time when the sample was reloaded immediately after unloading and then gradually reduced to a stable value before the next unloading. This phenomenon was explained using a free-volume model for amorphous structure. (c) 2006 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Met & Ceram Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Nieh, TG (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM yangbl@ornl.gov RI Nieh, Tai-Gang/G-5912-2011 OI Nieh, Tai-Gang/0000-0002-2814-3746 NR 19 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 6 U2 21 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD APR PY 2006 VL 54 IS 7 BP 1277 EP 1280 DI 10.1016/j.scriptant.2005.12.049 PG 4 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 011GM UT WOS:000235256200011 ER PT J AU Wang, D Flanagan, TB Shanahan, KL AF Wang, D Flanagan, TB Shanahan, KL TI H diffusion through partially internally oxidized Pd-alloy membranes SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE hydrogen diffusion; multilayers ID HYDROGEN PERMEATION; AL ALLOYS; NI; COMPOSITES; FE AB The H flux (J) has been measured through multilayer membranes of Pd and Pd-Al alloy prepared by internal oxidation of the alloy. A plot of 1/J against thickness of the Pd layers, 2d(Pd), is linear for a series of different 2dPd values. This justifies assumptions of the model used to derive the relation between 1/J and 2d(Pd). D-H for Pd and the alloy can be obtained from intercepts of the plot using known p(H2)-H content isotherms. Since it has been shown that internal oxidation leads to more reproducible and poison-resistant Pd based membranes, the multilayer technique is an alternate way to obtain D-H for Pd alloys. (c) 2006 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Vermont, Dept Chem, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. Univ Vermont, Mat Sci Program, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. Westinghouse Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. RP Flanagan, TB (reprint author), Univ Vermont, Dept Chem, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. EM ted.flanagan@uvm.edu NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD APR PY 2006 VL 54 IS 7 BP 1317 EP 1320 DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2005.12.018 PG 4 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 011GM UT WOS:000235256200018 ER PT J AU Kohn, E Denisenko, A Kubovic, M Zimmermann, T Williams, OA Gruen, DM AF Kohn, E Denisenko, A Kubovic, M Zimmermann, T Williams, OA Gruen, DM TI A new diamond based heterostructure diode SO SEMICONDUCTOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ULTRANANOCRYSTALLINE DIAMOND; FILMS; CONDUCTIVITY; PLASMA; LAYERS AB A diamond based heterostructure diode containing a p-type doped diamond active layer and an n-type doped ultra-nano-crystalline top layer has been investigated. Analysis suggests that the configuration is that of a merged diode, containing two areas of different interfacial barrier potentials in parallel related to the ultra-nano-crystalline grains and the grain boundaries, respectively. Thus this heterostructure may be ideally suited to combine low forward losses with high blocking voltages in diamond high power rectifiers. C1 Univ Ulm, Dept Electron Devices & Circuits, D-89081 Ulm, Germany. Argonne Natl Labs, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Kohn, E (reprint author), Univ Ulm, Dept Electron Devices & Circuits, D-89081 Ulm, Germany. EM erhard.kohn@uni-ulm.de RI Williams, Oliver/B-2776-2009; OI Williams, Oliver/0000-0002-7210-3004 NR 18 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0268-1242 J9 SEMICOND SCI TECH JI Semicond. Sci. Technol. PD APR PY 2006 VL 21 IS 4 BP L32 EP L35 DI 10.1088/0268-1242/21/4/L02 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 036DZ UT WOS:000237052500002 ER PT J AU Stan, L Arendt, PN DePaula, RF Usov, I Groves, JR AF Stan, L Arendt, PN DePaula, RF Usov, I Groves, JR TI Effect of substrate temperature on the texture of MgO films grown by ion beam assisted deposition SO SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID YBCO-COATED CONDUCTORS; IBAD-MGO AB In this paper, the role of substrate temperature in the crystalline texture of MgO films grown by ion beam assisted deposition (IBAD) is investigated. This study reveals that the best in-plane alignment for MgO films grown on Y2O3/Si is obtained at similar to 25 degrees C. At this temperature, MgO films with an in-plane orientation distribution as low as 3.7 degrees full width at half maximum (FWHM) have been attained. MgO films deposited at temperatures higher than 100 degrees C have broad in-plane alignment. Although the deposition at the lowest temperature (-150 degrees C) did not improve the in-plane texture, the acceptable deviation from the optimum ion to molecule ratio for achieving biaxially textured films was the largest. As a trend, the acceptable ion to molecule deviation decreases with increasing substrate temperature. This study is especially important for continuous IBAD MgO depositions where less restrictive conditions are desired. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Superconduct Technol Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Stan, L (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Superconduct Technol Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 10 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-2048 J9 SUPERCOND SCI TECH JI Supercond. Sci. Technol. PD APR PY 2006 VL 19 IS 4 BP 365 EP 367 DI 10.1088/0953-2048/19/4/020 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 039AC UT WOS:000237270400023 ER PT J AU Vojenciak, M Souc, J Ceballos, JM Gomory, F Klincok, B Pardo, E Grilli, F AF Vojenciak, M Souc, J Ceballos, JM Gomory, F Klincok, B Pardo, E Grilli, F TI Study of ac loss in Bi-2223/Ag tape under the simultaneous action of ac transport current and ac magnetic field shifted in phase SO SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID T-C SUPERCONDUCTORS; HTS TAPES; DIFFERENCE AB Investigation of ac loss under the simultaneous action of the transport ac current and the external ac magnetic field is of prime importance for the reliable prediction of dissipation in electric power devices such as motors/generators, transformers and transmission cables. An experimental rig allowing us to perform ac loss measurements in such conditions, on short (10 cm) tape samples of high-temperature superconductor Bi-2223/Ag, was designed and tested. Both the electromagnetic and thermal methods were incorporated, allowing us to combine the better sensitivity of the former and the higher reliability of the latter. Our main aim was to see how the ac loss depends on the phase shift between the transport current and the external magnetic field. Such a shift could have different values in various applications. While in a transformer winding, the maximum phase shift at full load will probably not exceed a few degrees, in a three phase transmission cable in tri-axial configuration it is around 120 degrees. Therefore, we explored the whole range of phase shifts from 0 to 360 degrees. Surprisingly, the maxima of dissipation did not coincide with zero shift as expected from qualitative considerations. C1 Slovak Acad Sci, Ctr Excellence CENG, Inst Elect Engn, Bratislava, Slovakia. Univ Extremadura, Sch Ind Engn, Badajoz, Extremadura, Spain. Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Dept Fis, Grp Electromagnet, E-08193 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Superconduct Technol Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Zilina, Zalina, Slovakia. RP Grilli, F (reprint author), Slovak Acad Sci, Ctr Excellence CENG, Inst Elect Engn, Bratislava, Slovakia. EM eleksouc@savba.sk RI Pardo, Enric/A-7566-2008 OI Pardo, Enric/0000-0002-6375-4227 NR 33 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-2048 J9 SUPERCOND SCI TECH JI Supercond. Sci. Technol. PD APR PY 2006 VL 19 IS 4 BP 397 EP 404 DI 10.1088/0953-2048/19/4/026 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 039AC UT WOS:000237270400029 ER PT J AU Kim, K Paranthaman, M Norton, DP Aytug, T Cantoni, C Gapud, AA Goyal, A Christen, DK AF Kim, K Paranthaman, M Norton, DP Aytug, T Cantoni, C Gapud, AA Goyal, A Christen, DK TI A perspective on conducting oxide buffers for Cu-based YBCO-coated conductors SO SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review ID TEXTURED NI TAPES; THIN-FILMS; COPPER-FILMS; OXIDATION RESISTANCE; TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; LANIO3 MULTILAYERS; ION-IMPLANTATION; LATIO3+X FILMS AB The physical and electrical characteristics of oxide buffer layers for Cu-based coated conductors are reviewed, with emphasis on the need for conductive buffers and advanced Cu-based substrates. Methods for preventing Cu oxidation are discussed because it is an anticipated problem for applications using Cu-based rolling assisted biaxially textured substrates (RABiTS). C1 Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Kim, K (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM khkim@ufl.edu RI Paranthaman, Mariappan/N-3866-2015; Cantoni, Claudia/G-3031-2013; OI Paranthaman, Mariappan/0000-0003-3009-8531; Cantoni, Claudia/0000-0002-9731-2021; Gapud, Albert/0000-0001-9048-9230 NR 60 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 10 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-2048 J9 SUPERCOND SCI TECH JI Supercond. Sci. Technol. PD APR PY 2006 VL 19 IS 4 BP R23 EP R29 DI 10.1088/0953-2048/19/4/R01 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 039AC UT WOS:000237270400003 ER PT J AU Stepanovsky, S Yakes, M Yeh, V Hupalo, M Tringides, MC AF Stepanovsky, S Yakes, M Yeh, V Hupalo, M Tringides, MC TI The dense alpha-root/3x root 3Pb/Si(111) phase: A comprehensive STM and SPA-LEED study of ordering, phase transitions and interactions SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE equilibrium thermodynamics and statistical mechanics; low energy electron diffraction (LEED); scanning tunneling microscopy (STM); epitaxy; lead on silicon ID SI(111) SURFACES; LOW-TEMPERATURES; ISING-MODEL; PB; PB/SI(111); LATTICES; GROWTH AB The T-0 phase diagram for the system Pb/Si(1 1 1) was determined in the coverage range 6/5 ML < theta < 4/3 ML from complementary STM and SPA-LEED experiments. This coverage is within the range where a "Devil's Staircase" (DS) has been realized. The numerous DS phases answer conflicting information in the Pb/Si(1 1 1) literature and update the previously published phase diagram. The measurements reveal the thermal stability of the different linear DS phases with the transition temperature found to be a function of phase period. Because of additional complexity in the experimental system (i.e. two-dimensionality and Mold symmetry) the linear DS phases transform at higher temperature into commensurate phases of 3-fold symmetry HIC (historically named "hexagonal incommensurate phase"). Different types of HIC phases have been discovered differing in the size of the supercell built out of root 3 x root 3 domains separated by domain walls of the root 7 x root 3 phase. The detailed structures of these HIC phases (coverage, binding site, twist angle, etc.) have been deduced from the comparison of STM images and diffraction patterns. After heating the system to even higher temperature the HIC phase transforms into the disordered phase. For sufficiently high coverage a SIC ("striped incommensurate phase" which is also built from root 3 x root 3 domains but meandering root 7 x root 3 domain walls) is observed which also disorders at high temperatures. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys, Ames Lab, USDOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Tringides, MC (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys, Ames Lab, USDOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM tringides@ameslab.gov RI Yakes, Michael/E-5510-2011 NR 30 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 EI 1879-2758 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD APR 1 PY 2006 VL 600 IS 7 BP 1417 EP 1430 DI 10.1016/j.susc.2005.12.041 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 034VB UT WOS:000236957600005 ER PT J AU Zhou, J Mullins, DR AF Zhou, J Mullins, DR TI Adsorption and reaction of formaldehyde on thin-film cerium oxide SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE cerium; aldehydes; thermal desorption spectroscopy; soft X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; near edge extended x-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS); catalysis ID FORMIC-ACID; SURFACES; METHANOL; DECOMPOSITION; OXIDATION; CATALYSTS; NEXAFS; H2CO; IR; CO AB Formaldehyde adsorption and reaction have been studied on cerium oxide thin films that were vapor deposited on Ru(0001). The formaldehyde behavior was examined as a function of temperature, exposure and Ce oxidation state. Formaldehyde chemisorbs on fully oxidized CeO2 as dioxymethylene, CH2O2. The dioxymethylene decomposes and desorbs as formaldehyde between 200 K and 400 K. No other products are formed. On reduced ceria, formaldehyde also adsorbs as dioxymethylene. In addition to the formaldehyde desorption between 200 K and 400 K, a more strongly bound form of dioxymethylene is formed that produces formaldehyde at 440 K. Above 400 K, some of the dioxymethylene reacts to form formate and methoxy on the surface. These species decompose to produce H-2, CO and CH2O above 500 K. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Mullins, DR (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008,MS 6201, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM mullinsdr@ornl.gov NR 26 TC 58 Z9 62 U1 2 U2 40 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD APR 1 PY 2006 VL 600 IS 7 BP 1540 EP 1546 DI 10.1016/j.susc.2006.02.009 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 034VB UT WOS:000236957600019 ER PT J AU Mullins, DR Robbins, MD Zhou, J AF Mullins, DR Robbins, MD Zhou, J TI Adsorption and reaction of methanol on thin-film cerium oxide SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE cerium; alcohols; thermal desorption spectroscopy; soft X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; near-edge extended x-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS); catalysis ID STRUCTURE SENSITIVITY; SINGLE-CRYSTAL; SURFACES; SPECTROSCOPY; FORMALDEHYDE; CHEMISORPTION; DESORPTION; TIO2(001); RU(0001); NEXAFS AB Methanol adsorption and reaction has been studied on cerium oxide thin films that were vapor deposited on Ru(0 0 0 1). The methanol behavior was examined as a function of temperature and Ce oxidation state. Methanol reacts at low temperatures with fully oxidized CeO2 to produce water at 200 K while formaldehyde and methanol desorb near 560 K. This leads to the reduction of the ceria. On reduced ceria, more methanol can be adsorbed and it undergoes more extensive decomposition producing CO and H-2 near 640 K in addition to formaldehyde and water. As the degree of ceria reduction increases, more H-2 and less H2O are produced. TPD experiments using isotopically labeled CH3OD show that deuterated water is produced from the oxidized surface at low temperatures, whereas the deuterium is stabilized on the reduced surface and is incorporated into the dihydrogen that desorbs near 600 K. High resolution C Is and O 1s XPS and C k-edge NEXAFS measurements were performed to quantify the amount of methanol adsorbed and to identify the adsorbed species. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Mullins, DR (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008,MS 6201, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM mullinsdr@ornl.gov NR 30 TC 92 Z9 92 U1 3 U2 67 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD APR 1 PY 2006 VL 600 IS 7 BP 1547 EP 1558 DI 10.1016/j.susc.2006.02.011 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 034VB UT WOS:000236957600020 ER PT J AU Evans, JW Thiel, PA Bartelt, MC AF Evans, J. W. Thiel, P. A. Bartelt, M. C. TI Morphological evolution during epitaxial thin film growth: Formation of 2D islands and 3D mounds SO SURFACE SCIENCE REPORTS LA English DT Review DE homoepitaxial thin film growth; island nucleation and growth; multilayer kinetic roughening; mound formation; surface diffusion; step-edge barrier; atomistic lattice-gas models; kinetic Monte Carlo simulation ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; ENERGY-ELECTRON-DIFFRACTION; SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; BY-LAYER GROWTH; SURFACE SELF-DIFFUSION; RATE-EQUATION APPROACH; STEP-EDGE DIFFUSION; METAL 100 SURFACES; COOPERATIVE SEQUENTIAL ADSORPTION; CRITICAL CLUSTER-SIZE AB Homoepitaxy provides an ideal testing ground for fundamental concepts in film growth. The rich variety of complex far-from-equilibrium morphologies which can form during deposition contrasts with the simple equilibrium structure of homoepitaxial films. These complex morphologies result from the inhibition on the time-scale of deposition of various equilibrating surface diffusion processes. A sophisticated framework for analysis of such phenomena derives from the concepts and methodology of Statistical Physics. Kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC) simulation of suitable atomistic lattice-gas models has elucidated the growth behavior of numerous specific systems. In this review, we describe in detail submonolayer nucleation and growth of two-diniensional islands during deposition. The traditional mean-field treatment is quite successful in capturing the behavior of mean island densities, but it fails to predict island size distributions. The latter are provided by simulation of appropriate atomistic models, as well as by suitable hybrid models. Recent developments towards providing reliable analytic beyond-mean-field theories are also discussed. Kinetic roughening of multilayer films during deposition is also described with particular emphasis on the formation of mounds (multilayer stacks of 2D islands) induced by step-edge barriers to downward transport. We describe results for mound evolution from realistic atomistic simulations, predictions of phenomenological continuum theories, and efforts to derive more reliable coarse-grained formulations. For both regimes, we demonstrate how atomistic modeling can be used extract key activation barriers by comparison with experimental data from scanning tunneling microscopy and surface sensitive diffraction. Significantly, suitable tailored atomistic models are often shown to have predictive capability for growth over a broad range of temperatures. Finally, we comment briefly on other deposition processes such as heteroepitaxial growth and chemisorption. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Iowa State Univ, USDOE, Dept Math, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, USDOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, USDOE, Dept Chem, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Iowa State Univ, Inst Phys Res & Technol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Evans, JW (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, USDOE, Dept Math, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM evans@ameslab.gov NR 430 TC 372 Z9 377 U1 31 U2 268 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-5729 J9 SURF SCI REP JI Surf. Sci. Rep. PD APR PY 2006 VL 61 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 128 DI 10.1016/j.surfrep.2005.08.004 PG 128 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 044LS UT WOS:000237674500001 ER PT J AU Cary, SPL Winger, JA Derbyshire, ER Marletta, MA AF Cary, SPL Winger, JA Derbyshire, ER Marletta, MA TI Nitric oxide signaling: no longer simply on or off SO TRENDS IN BIOCHEMICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Review ID SOLUBLE GUANYLATE-CYCLASE; CARBON-MONOXIDE; RELAXING FACTOR; MOLECULAR-BASIS; SYNERGISTIC ACTIVATION; INDEPENDENT ACTIVATION; NATRIURETIC PEPTIDE; MYOCARDIAL-FUNCTION; TERM POTENTIATION; NERVOUS-SYSTEM AB Nitric oxide (NO) triggers various physiological responses in numerous tissues by binding and activating soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) to produce the second messenger cGMP. In vivo, basal NO/cGMP signaling maintains a resting state in target cells (for example, resting tone in smooth muscle), but an acute burst of NO/cGMP signaling triggers rapid responses (such as smooth muscle relaxation). Recent studies have shown that the sGC heterodimer comprises at least four modular domains per subunit. The N-terminal heme domain is a member of the H-NOX family of domains that bind O-2 and/or NO and are conserved in prokaryotes and higher eukaryotes. Studies of these domains have uncovered the molecular basis for ligand discrimination by sGC. Other work has identified two temporally distinct states of sGC activation by NO: formation of a stable NO-heme complex results in a low-activity species, and additional NO produces a transient fully active enzyme. Nucleotides also allosterically modulate the duration and intensity of enzyme activity. Together, these studies suggest a biochemical basis for the two distinct types of NO/cGMP signal observed in vivo. C1 Genentech Inc, San Francisco, CA 94080 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Phys Biosci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Marletta, MA (reprint author), Genentech Inc, 1 DNA Way, San Francisco, CA 94080 USA. EM marletta@berkeley.edu RI Winger, Jonathan/B-3885-2010 OI Winger, Jonathan/0000-0003-1413-3384 NR 75 TC 138 Z9 144 U1 2 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0968-0004 J9 TRENDS BIOCHEM SCI JI Trends Biochem.Sci. PD APR PY 2006 VL 31 IS 4 BP 231 EP 239 DI 10.1016/j.tibs.2006.02.003 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 038WG UT WOS:000237259600007 PM 16530415 ER PT J AU Baker-Austin, C Wright, MS Stepanauskas, R McArthur, JV AF Baker-Austin, C Wright, MS Stepanauskas, R McArthur, JV TI Co-selection of antibiotic and metal resistance SO TRENDS IN MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Review ID PLANKTONIC PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; DENTAL AMALGAM FILLINGS; MERCURY RESISTANCE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; HEAVY-METAL; WASTE-WATER; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; ENTEROBACTER-CLOACAE; MULTIDRUG-RESISTANCE; ENTEROCOCCUS-FAECIUM AB There is growing concern that metal contamination functions as a selective agent in the proliferation of antibiotic resistance. Documented associations between the types and levels of metal contamination and specific patterns of antibiotic resistance suggest that several mechanisms underlie this co-selection process. These co-selection mechanisms include co-resistance (different resistance determinants present on the same genetic element) and cross-resistance (the same genetic determinant responsible for resistance to antibiotics and metals). Indirect but shared regulatory responses to metal and antibiotic exposure such as biofilm induction also represent potential co-selection mechanisms used by prokaryotes. Metal contamination, therefore, represents a long-standing, widespread and recalcitrant selection pressure with both environmental and clinical importance that potentially contributes to the maintenance and spread of antibiotic resistance factors. C1 Savannah River Ecol Lab, Drawer E, SC 29803 USA. Univ Georgia, Inst Ecol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. Bigelow Lab Ocean Sci, W Boothbay Harbor, ME 04575 USA. RP Baker-Austin, C (reprint author), Savannah River Ecol Lab, Drawer E, SC 29803 USA. EM baker@srel.edu RI Garcia-Armisen, Tamara/A-6173-2008; OI Stepanauskas, Ramunas/0000-0003-4458-3108 NR 77 TC 297 Z9 318 U1 26 U2 170 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0966-842X J9 TRENDS MICROBIOL JI Trends Microbiol. PD APR PY 2006 VL 14 IS 4 BP 176 EP 182 DI 10.1016/j.tim.2006.02.006 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA 038WB UT WOS:000237259100007 PM 16537105 ER PT J AU Reese, SJ Hurley, DH Rollins, HW AF Reese, SJ Hurley, DH Rollins, HW TI Effect of surface acoustic waves on the catalytic decomposition of ethanol employing a comb transducer for ultrasonic generation SO ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE surface acoustic waves (SAW); heterogeneous catalysis; comb transducer; ethanol decomposition ID FILM; OXIDATION; STRAIN AB The effect of surface acoustic waves, generated on a silver catalyst using a comb transducer, on the catalytic decomposition of ethanol is examined. The comb transducer employs purely mechanical means for surface acoustic wave (SAW) transduction. Unlike interdigital SAW transducers on piezoelectric substrates, the complicating effects of heat generation due to electromechanical coupling, high electric fields between adjacent electrodes, and acoustoelectric currents are avoided. The ethanol decomposition reactions are carried out at 473 K. The rates of acetaldehyde and ethylene production are retarded when acoustic waves are applied. The rates recover to varying degrees when acoustic excitation ceases. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Hurley, DH (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM David.Hurley@inl.gov RI Rollins, Harry/B-6327-2017; OI Rollins, Harry/0000-0002-3926-7445; Reese, Stephen/0000-0003-1390-292X NR 18 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1350-4177 J9 ULTRASON SONOCHEM JI Ultrason. Sonochem. PD APR PY 2006 VL 13 IS 3 BP 283 EP 286 DI 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2005.09.011 PG 4 WC Acoustics; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Acoustics; Chemistry GA 027PM UT WOS:000236427500015 PM 16359905 ER PT J AU Causgrove, TP Dyer, RB AF Causgrove, TP Dyer, RB TI Nonequilibrium protein folding dynamics: laser-induced pH-jump studies of the-helix-coil transition SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID L-GLUTAMIC ACID; FAST EVENTS; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; TEMPERATURE-JUMP; KINETICS; POLYPEPTIDES; PEPTIDES; WATER; APOMYOGLOBIN; NUCLEATION AB The kinetics of the helix-coil transition of poly-L-glutamate were measured in the range of 40 ns to 10 s using a laser-induced pH-jump coupled with time-resolved infrared spectroscopy. Folding of the polypeptide in D2O was initiated by photolyzing o-nitrobenzaldehyde, which releases a deuteron, creating a rapid decrease in pD. Side-chain deuteration and conformational changes were monitored independently by varying the IR probe wavelength. The kinetics of the peptide conformational changes observed in the amide I region depended on the initial fraction of helical residues. With essentially no initial helix, amide I absorption changes were indistinguishable from those of instrument response, leading to the conclusion that helix initiation occurs in less than 40 ns. When the initial helix fraction is 0.13, the folding lifetime is lengthened to 625 ns, as predicted by helix-coil theory. We also observe evidence for a kinetically-trapped, nonproductive intermediate formed as the result of rapid deuteration of the unfolded state. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys & Life Sci, Corpus Christi, TX 78412 USA. RP Dyer, RB (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Mail Stop J586, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM bdyer@lanl.gov NR 38 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0301-0104 J9 CHEM PHYS JI Chem. Phys. PD MAR 31 PY 2006 VL 323 IS 1 BP 2 EP 10 DI 10.1016/j.chemphys.2005.08.032 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 033JP UT WOS:000236843500002 ER PT J AU Garcia-Munoz, JL Mortimer, R Llobet, A Alonso, JA Martinez-Lope, MJ Cottrell, SP AF Garcia-Munoz, JL Mortimer, R Llobet, A Alonso, JA Martinez-Lope, MJ Cottrell, SP TI mu SR study of short-range charge order in YNiO3 above the monoclinic-orthorhombic transition SO PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on Muon Spin Rotation, Relaxation and Resonance CY AUG 08-12, 2005 CL Oxford Univ, St Annes Coll, Dept Phys, Oxford, ENGLAND SP Hamamatsi Photon, ISIS Fac, Triumf Fac HO Oxford Univ, St Annes Coll, Dept Phys DE charge order; metal-insulator transition; muon; correlated electron system; perovskite compounds; charge disproportionation ID METAL-INSULATOR-TRANSITION; EQUALS RARE-EARTH; RNIO3 PEROVSKITES AB LnNiO(3) compounds exhibit charge disproportionation (CD) and electron localization at T-CD = T-MI. We have investigated possible charge fluctuations above the monoclinic-to-orthorhombic transition in YNiO3. Correlated anomalies were observed in muon relaxation, infrared absorption and transport measurements in a temperature range of more than 100 K above TCD. These results indicate partial glassy freezing of electrons well above the long-range order of disproportionated Ni pairs. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 CSIC, Inst Ciencia Mat Barcelona, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. DSTL, Sevenoaks TN14 7BP, Kent, England. Lujan Neutron Scattering Ctr, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. CSIC, Inst Ciencia Mat, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. Rutherford Appleton Lab, ISIS Facil, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. RP CSIC, Inst Ciencia Mat Barcelona, Campus Univ Bellaterra, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. EM garcia.munoz@icmab.es RI Alonso, Jose Antonio/A-5245-2011; Llobet, Anna/B-1672-2010; Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012; Garcia-Munoz, Jose Luis /A-7983-2015 OI Alonso, Jose Antonio/0000-0001-5329-1225; Garcia-Munoz, Jose Luis /0000-0002-4174-2794 NR 14 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 EI 1873-2135 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD MAR 31 PY 2006 VL 374 BP 87 EP 90 DI 10.1016/j.physb.2005.11.022 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 027BN UT WOS:000236388800022 ER PT J AU MacLaughlin, DE Rose, MS Anderson, JE Shu, L Heffner, RH Kimura, T Morris, GD Bernal, OO AF MacLaughlin, DE Rose, MS Anderson, JE Shu, L Heffner, RH Kimura, T Morris, GD Bernal, OO TI Critical slowing down in the geometrically frustrated pyrochlore antiferromagnet Gd2Ti2O7 SO PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on Muon Spin Rotation, Relaxation and Resonance CY AUG 08-12, 2005 CL Oxford Univ, St Annes Coll, Dept Phys, Oxford, ENGLAND SP Hamamatsi Photon, ISIS Fac, Triumf Fac HO Oxford Univ, St Annes Coll, Dept Phys DE geometrical frustration; mu SR; pyrochlores; Gd2Ti2O7 ID RELAXATION AB Longitudinal-field muon spin relaxation experiments have been carried out in the paramagnetic state of single-crystal Gd2Ti2O7 just above the phase transition at T-m = 1.0 K. At high applied fields the exponential relaxation time T-1 is proportional to field, whereas T-1 saturates below a crossover field B-c that is similar to 2.5 T at 1.5 K and decreases as T-m is approached. At low fields the relaxation rate increases markedly as the freezing temperature is approached, as expected for critical slowing down of the spin fluctuations, but the increase is suppressed by applied field. This behavior is consistent with the very long autocorrelation function cutoff time implied by the low value of B-c. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Phys, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Tokai, Ibaraki 3191195, Japan. TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. Calif State Univ Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90032 USA. RP Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Phys, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. EM macl@physics.ucr.edu RI Shu, Lei/E-7524-2012 NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 EI 1873-2135 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD MAR 31 PY 2006 VL 374 BP 142 EP 144 DI 10.1016/j.physb.2005.11.036 PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 027BN UT WOS:000236388800036 ER PT J AU Heffner, RH Morris, GD Fluss, MJ Chung, B MacLaughlin, DE Shu, L Anderson, JE AF Heffner, RH Morris, GD Fluss, MJ Chung, B MacLaughlin, DE Shu, L Anderson, JE TI New limits on the ordered moments in alpha-Pu and Ga-stabilized delta-Pu SO PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on Muon Spin Rotation, Relaxation and Resonance CY AUG 08-12, 2005 CL Oxford Univ, St Annes Coll, Dept Phys, Oxford, ENGLAND SP Hamamatsi Photon, ISIS Fac, Triumf Fac HO Oxford Univ, St Annes Coll, Dept Phys DE plutonium magnetism; f-electron; mu SR ID SPIN RELAXATION; PLUTONIUM; ELECTRONS; FIELD; AUFE AB We present the first mu SR measurements ever performed on elemental Pu, and set the most stringent upper limits to date on the magnitude of the ordered moment mu(ord) in alpha-Pu and delta-stabilized Pu (alloyed with 4.3 at% Ga). Assuming a nominal hyperfine coupling field of 1 kOe/mu B we find mu(ord) <= 10(-3) mu(B) at T congruent to 4 K. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Tokai, Ibaraki 3191195, Japan. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Phys, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. RP Heffner, RH (reprint author), Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Tokai, Ibaraki 3191195, Japan. EM robert.heffner@jaea.go.jp RI Shu, Lei/E-7524-2012; Chung, Brandon/G-2929-2012 NR 14 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD MAR 31 PY 2006 VL 374 BP 163 EP 166 DI 10.1016//j.physb.2005.11.042 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 027BN UT WOS:000236388800042 ER PT J AU MacLaughlin, DE Rose, MS Bernal, OO Heffner, RH Nieuwenhuys, GJ Chau, R Maple, MB AF MacLaughlin, DE Rose, MS Bernal, OO Heffner, RH Nieuwenhuys, GJ Chau, R Maple, MB TI Susceptibility inhomogeneity and non-Fermi liquid behavior in UCu5-xPtx SO PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on Muon Spin Rotation, Relaxation and Resonance CY AUG 08-12, 2005 CL Oxford Univ, St Annes Coll, Dept Phys, Oxford, ENGLAND SP Hamamatsi Photon, ISIS Fac, Triumf Fac HO Oxford Univ, St Annes Coll, Dept Phys DE non-Fermi liquid; mu SR; susceptibility inhomogeneity; UCu5-xPtx; UCu5-xPdx ID KONDO DISORDER; SYSTEMS; ALLOYS; NMR AB Transverse-field mu SR shifts and relaxation rates have been measured in the non-Fermi liquid (NFL) alloy system UCu5-xPtx, x = 1.0, 1.5, and 2.5. At low temperatures the fractional spread in Knight shifts delta K/K approximate to delta X/X is 2 for x = 1, but is only half this value for x = 1.5 and 2.5. In a disorder-driven scenario where the NFL behavior is due to a broadly distributed (Kondo or Griffiths-phase cluster) characteristic energy E, our results indicate that delta E/E-av approximate to (delta K/K)(T -> 0) is similar for UCu5-xPdx (x = 1 and 1.5) and UCu4Pt, but is reduced for UCu5-xPtx, x = 1.5 and 2.5. This reduction is due to a marked increase of E with increasing x; the spread delta E is found to be roughly independent of x. Our results correlate with the observed suppression of other NFL anomalies for x > 1 in UCu5-xPtx but not in UCu5-xPdx, and are further evidence for the importance of disorder in the NFL behavior of both these alloy systems. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Phys, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Calif State Univ Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90032 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Tokai, Ibaraki 3191195, Japan. Leiden Univ, Kamerlingh Onnes Lab, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Inst Pure & Appl Phys Sci, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Phys, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. EM macl@physics.ucr.edu NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 EI 1873-2135 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD MAR 31 PY 2006 VL 374 BP 174 EP 176 DI 10.1016/j.physb.2005.11.044 PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 027BN UT WOS:000236388800045 ER PT J AU MacLaughlin, DE Rose, MS Anderson, JE Bernal, OO Heffner, RH Nieuwenhuys, GJ Baurnbach, RE Butch, NP Maple, MB AF MacLaughlin, DE Rose, MS Anderson, JE Bernal, OO Heffner, RH Nieuwenhuys, GJ Baurnbach, RE Butch, NP Maple, MB TI Effect of annealing on glassy dynamics and non-Fermi liquid behavior in UCu4Pd SO PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on Muon Spin Rotation, Relaxation and Resonance CY AUG 08-12, 2005 CL Oxford Univ, St Annes Coll, Dept Phys, Oxford, ENGLAND SP Hamamatsi Photon, ISIS Fac, Triumf Fac HO Oxford Univ, St Annes Coll, Dept Phys DE non-Fermi liquid; mu SR; glassy spin dynamics; UCu5-xPdx ID UCU5-XPDX; DISORDER; NMR AB Longitudinal-field muon spin relaxation (LF-mu SR) experiments have been performed in unannealed and annealed samples of the heavy-fermion compound UCu4Pd to study the effect of disorder on non-Fermi liquid behavior in this material. The muon spin relaxation functions G(t, H) obey the time-field scaling relation G(t, H) = G(t/H-7) previously observed in this compound. The observed scaling exponent y = 0.3 +/- 0. 1, independent of annealing. Fits of the stretched-exponential relaxation function G(t) = exp[-(At)(K)] to the data yielded stretching exponentials K < 1 for all samples. Annealed samples exhibited a reduction of the relaxation rate at low temperatures, indicating that annealing shifts fluctuation noise power to higher frequencies. There was no tendency of the inhomogeneous spread in rates to decrease with annealing, which modifies but does not eliminate the glassy spin dynamics reported previously in this compound. The correlation with residual resistivity previously observed for a number of NFL heavy-electron materials is also found in the present work. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Phys, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Calif State Univ Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90032 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Tokai, Ibaraki 3191195, Japan. Leiden Univ, Kamerlingh Onnes Lab, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Inst Pure & Appl Phys Sci, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP MacLaughlin, DE (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Phys, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. EM macl@physics.ucr.edu NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD MAR 31 PY 2006 VL 374 BP 177 EP 179 DI 10.1016/j.physb.2005.11.046 PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 027BN UT WOS:000236388800046 ER PT J AU Morris, GD Heffner, RH Bauer, ED Morales, LA Sarrao, JL Fluss, MJ MacLaughlin, DE Shu, L Anderson, JE AF Morris, GD Heffner, RH Bauer, ED Morales, LA Sarrao, JL Fluss, MJ MacLaughlin, DE Shu, L Anderson, JE TI mu SR studies of the superconducting order parameter in PuCoGa5 SO PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on Muon Spin Rotation, Relaxation and Resonance CY AUG 08-12, 2005 CL Oxford Univ, St Annes Coll, Dept Phys, Oxford, ENGLAND SP Hamamatsi Photon, ISIS Fac, Triumf Fac HO Oxford Univ, St Annes Coll, Dept Phys DE plutonium superconductivity; mu SR; penetration depth ID D-WAVE SUPERCONDUCTOR; PENETRATION DEPTH; II SUPERCONDUCTORS; VORTEX STATE AB We present transverse-field (TF) measurements of the in-plane magnetic-field penetration depth),(T) in single-crystalline PuCoGa5 (T-c = 18.5 K) for 0.06 T applied field (approximate to 2 - 5 x H-cl). We find that the temperature dependence of the superfluid density, and therefore Delta lambda(T) = lambda(T) - lambda(0), is proportional to T for T/T-c <= 0.5. We estimate that the measured lambda(0) = 241(3) nm. ZF measurements find no evidence for time-reversal symmetry violation. The ZF and TF measurements are consistent with an even-parity (pseudo-spin singlet), d-wave pairing state. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Tokai, Ibaraki 3191195, Japan. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Phys, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. RP Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Tokai, Ibaraki 3191195, Japan. EM heffner@popsvr.tokai.jaeri.go.jp RI Bauer, Eric/D-7212-2011; Shu, Lei/E-7524-2012; OI Bauer, Eric/0000-0003-0017-1937 NR 23 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 EI 1873-2135 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD MAR 31 PY 2006 VL 374 BP 180 EP 183 DI 10.1016/j.physb.2005.11.047 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 027BN UT WOS:000236388800047 ER PT J AU Heffner, RH Morris, GD Bauer, ED Sarrao, JL Thompson, JD MacLaughlin, DE Shu, L AF Heffner, RH Morris, GD Bauer, ED Sarrao, JL Thompson, JD MacLaughlin, DE Shu, L TI Evolution of the heavy fermion state in Ce2IrIn8 SO PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on Muon Spin Rotation, Relaxation and Resonance CY AUG 08-12, 2005 CL Oxford Univ, St Annes Coll, Dept Phys, Oxford, ENGLAND SP Hamamatsi Photon, ISIS Fac, Triumf Fac HO Oxford Univ, St Annes Coll, Dept Phys DE Ce2IrIn8; mu SR; heavy fermion; Knight shift anomaly AB We report mu SR Knight shift and susceptibility studies for I T applied field along the crystalline c- and a-axes of the heavy fermion compound Ce2IrIn8. Below a characteristic temperature T* one observes a 'Knight-shift anomaly' in which the Knight shift constant K no longer scales linearly with X. This anomaly is consistent with a scaling law in which the susceptibility X is composed of a hightemperature component corresponding to non-interacting local moments and a low-temperature component x(cf) similar to(1 - T/T*) In(T*/T) which characterizes the heavy-electron state below T*. We find that T* is anisotropic, with T-a* = 59(3) K and T-c* = 24(1) K, and derive C the magnitudes of X-cf(a,c). (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Phys, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Tokai, Ibaraki 3191195, Japan. TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. RP Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM heffner@popsvr.tokai.jaeri.go.jp RI Bauer, Eric/D-7212-2011; Shu, Lei/E-7524-2012; OI Bauer, Eric/0000-0003-0017-1937 NR 9 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 EI 1873-2135 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD MAR 31 PY 2006 VL 374 BP 184 EP 187 DI 10.1016/j.physb.2005.11.048 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 027BN UT WOS:000236388800048 ER PT J AU Mohottala, HE Wells, BO Budnick, JI Hines, WA Niedermayer, C Bernhard, C Moodenbaugh, AR Chou, FC AF Mohottala, HE Wells, BO Budnick, JI Hines, WA Niedermayer, C Bernhard, C Moodenbaugh, AR Chou, FC TI Electronic phase separation in La2-xSrxCuO4+y SO PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on Muon Spin Rotation, Relaxation and Resonance CY AUG 08-12, 2005 CL Oxford Univ, St Annes Coll, Dept Phys, Oxford, ENGLAND SP Hamamatsi Photon, ISIS Fac, Triumf Fac HO Oxford Univ, St Annes Coll, Dept Phys DE electronically driven phase separation; muon spin rotation; super-oxygenated; high T-c superconductors ID T-J MODEL; ORDER; ANTIFERROMAGNETISM; BEHAVIOR AB We have discovered an electronically driven phase separation in super-oxygenated La2-xSrxCuO4+y, with various Sr contents. The samples have been characterized by muon spin rotation and bulk magnetization measurements. For all Sr levels with x < 0.125, excess oxygen produces samples with a superconducting phase with T-C near 40 K and a separate magnetic phase, a spin density wave that also orders near 40 K. The observed magnetic region is closely related to the anomalous, 1/8th hole doped, magnetic versions of La2CuO4, and the superconducting region is optimally doped. The two phases are likely to be the only stable ground states in this region of the phase diagram. This simple two-component system may represent the most direct observation of electronic phase separation in cuprate superconductors. Thus La2CuO4, doped with substitutional Sr and interstitial 0 introduces an interesting new material system for the field of high-temperature superconductivity. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. ETHZ, Neutron Scattering Lab, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. Paul Scherrer Inst, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. Max Planck Inst Festkorperforsch, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Mat Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. MIT, Ctr Mat Sci & Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Univ Connecticut, U-3046,2152 Hillside Rd, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. EM wells@phys.uconn.edu RI Niedermayer, Christof/K-4436-2014; OI Moodenbaugh, Arnold/0000-0002-3415-6762 NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 EI 1873-2135 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD MAR 31 PY 2006 VL 374 BP 199 EP 202 DI 10.1016/j.physb.2005.11.054 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 027BN UT WOS:000236388800052 ER PT J AU Shu, L MacLaughlin, DE Heffner, RH Callaghan, FD Sonier, JE Morris, GD Bernal, OO Bosse, A Anderson, JE Yuhasz, WM Frederick, NA Maple, MB AF Shu, L MacLaughlin, DE Heffner, RH Callaghan, FD Sonier, JE Morris, GD Bernal, OO Bosse, A Anderson, JE Yuhasz, WM Frederick, NA Maple, MB TI Penetration depth study in the heavy-fermion superconductor PrOs4Sb12 SO PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on Muon Spin Rotation, Relaxation and Resonance CY AUG 08-12, 2005 CL Oxford Univ, St Annes Coll, Dept Phys, Oxford, ENGLAND SP Hamamatsi Photon, ISIS Fac, Triumf Fac HO Oxford Univ, St Annes Coll, Dept Phys DE heavy-fermion systems; superconductor; PrOs4Sb12; transverse-field muon spin relaxation ID MU-SR; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; SUPERFLUID DENSITY; GAP FUNCTION; YBA2CU3O6.95; SR2RUO4; NODES AB The penetration depth lambda in the filled-skutterudite heavy-fermion superconductor PrOS4Sb12 has been measured using transverse-field muon spin rotation (TF-mu SR). It is found to be temperature-independent at low temperatures, consistent with a nonzero gap for quasiparticle excitations. In contrast, radiofrequency (RF) measurements yield a stronger temperature dependence of lambda(T), indicative of point nodes in the gap. A similar to 10% discrepancy is found at low temperatures. This may be due to mechanisms that modify the vortex-state field distribution, or to the surface scattering which breaks pairs in an odd-parity superconductor. Alternatively, it may be a matter of field orientation of nodal gap structure in the mu SR measurements. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Phys, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Naka, Ibaraki 3191195, Japan. Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Phys, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. Calif State Univ Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90032 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Tech Univ Carolo Wilhelmina Braunschweig, Inst Phys Kondensierten Mat, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany. RP Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Phys, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. EM macl@physics.ucr.edu RI Yuhasz, William/C-9418-2009; Shu, Lei/E-7524-2012 NR 25 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 EI 1873-2135 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD MAR 31 PY 2006 VL 374 BP 247 EP 250 DI 10.1016/j.physb.2005.11.066 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 027BN UT WOS:000236388800064 ER PT J AU Abulencia, A Acosta, D Adelman, J Affolder, T Akimoto, T Albrow, MG Ambrose, D Amerio, S Amidei, D Anastassov, A Anikeev, K Annovi, A Antos, J Aoki, M Apollinari, G Arguin, J-F Arisawa, T Artikov, A Ashmanskas, W Attal, A Azfar, F Azzi-Bacchetta, P Azzurri, P Bacchetta, N Bachacou, H Badgett, W Barbaro-Galtieri, A Barnes, VE Barnett, BA Baroiant, S Bartsch, V Bauer, G Bedeschi, F Behari, S Belforte, S Bellettini, G Bellinger, J Belloni, A Ben Haim, E Benjamin, D Beretvas, A Beringer, J Berry, T Bhatti, A Binkley, M Bisello, D Bishai, M Blair, RE Blocker, C Bloom, K Blumenfeld, B Bocci, A Bodek, A Boisvert, V Bolla, G Bolshov, A Bortoletto, D Boudreau, J Bourov, S Boveia, A Brau, B Bromberg, C Brubaker, E Budagov, J Budd, HS Budd, S Burkett, K Busetto, G Bussey, P Byrum, KL Cabrera, S Campanelli, M Campbell, M Canelli, F Canepa, A Carlsmith, D Carosi, R Carron, S Casarsa, M Castro, A Catastini, P Cauz, D Cavalli-Sforza, M Cerri, A Cerrito, L Chang, SH Chapman, J Chen, YC Chertok, M Chiarelli, G Chlachidze, G Chlebana, F Cho, I Cho, K Chokheli, D Chou, JP Chu, PH Chuang, SH Chung, K Chung, WH Chung, YS Ciljak, M Ciobanu, CI Ciocci, MA Clark, A Clark, D Coca, M Connolly, A Convery, ME Conway, J Cooper, B Copic, K Cordelli, M Cortiana, G Cruz, A Cuevas, J Culbertson, R Cyr, D DaRonco, S D'Auria, S D'Onofrio, M Dagenhart, D de Barbaro, P De Cecco, S Deisher, A De Lentdecker, G Dell'Orso, M Demers, S Demortier, L Deng, J Deninno, M De Pedis, D Derwent, PF Dionisi, C Dittmann, JR DiTuro, P Dorr, C Dominguez, A Donati, S Donega, M Dong, P Donini, J Dorigo, T Dube, S Ebina, K Efron, J Ehlers, J Erbacher, R Errede, D Errede, S Eusebi, R Fang, HC Farrington, S Fedorko, I Fedorko, WT Feild, RG Feindt, M Fernandez, JP Field, R Flanagan, G Flores-Castillo, LR Foland, A Forrester, S Foster, GW Franklin, M Freeman, JC Fujii, Y Furic, I Gajjar, A Gallinaro, M Galyardt, J Garcia, JE Garcia Sciveres, M Garfinkel, AF Gay, C Gerberich, H Gerchtein, E Gerdes, D Giagu, S di Giovanni, GP Giannetti, P Gibson, A Gibson, K Ginsburg, C Giokaris, N Giolo, K Giordani, M Giunta, M Giurgiu, G Glagolev, V Glenzinski, D Gold, M Goldschmidt, N Goldstein, J Gomez, G Gomez-Ceballos, G Goncharov, M Gonzalez, O Gorelov, I Goshaw, AT Gotra, Y Goulianos, K Gresele, A Griffiths, M Grinstein, S Grosso-Pilcher, C Grundler, U da Costa, JG Haber, C Hahn, SR Hahn, K Halkiadakis, E Hamilton, A Han, BY Handler, R Happacher, F Hara, K Hare, M Harper, S Harr, RF Harris, RM Hatakeyama, K Hauser, J Hays, C Hayward, H Heijboer, A Heinemann, B Heinrich, J Hennecke, M Herndon, M Heuser, J Hidas, D Hill, CS Hirschbuehl, D Hocker, A Holloway, A Hou, S Houlden, M Hsu, SC Huffman, BT Hughes, RE Huston, J Ikado, K Incandela, J Introzzi, G Iori, M Ishizawa, Y Ivanov, A Iyutin, B James, E Jang, D Jayatilaka, B Jeans, D Jensen, H Jeon, EJ Jones, M Joo, KK Jun, SY Junk, TR Kamon, T Kang, J Karagoz-Unel, M Karchin, PE Kato, Y Kemp, Y Kephart, R Kerzel, U Khotilovich, V Kilminster, B Kim, DH Kim, HS Kim, JE Kim, MJ Kim, MS Kim, SB Kim, SH Kim, YK Kirby, M Kirsch, L Klimenko, S Klute, M Knuteson, B Ko, BR Kobayashi, H Kondo, K Kong, DJ Konigsberg, J Kordas, K Korytov, A Kotwal, AV Kovalev, A Kraus, J Kravchenko, I Kreps, M Kreymer, A Kroll, J Krumnack, N Kruse, M Krutelyov, V Kuhlmann, SE Kusakabe, Y Kwang, S Laasanen, AT Lai, S Lami, S Lammel, S Lancaster, M Lander, RL Lannon, K Lath, A Latino, G Lazzizzera, I Lecci, C LeCompte, T Lee, J Lee, J Lee, SW Lefevre, R Leonardo, N Leone, S Levy, S Lewis, JD Li, K Lin, C Lin, CS Lindgren, M Lipeles, E Liss, TM Lister, A Litvintsev, DO Liu, T Liu, Y Lockyer, NS Loginov, A Loreti, M Loverre, P Lu, RS Lucchesi, D Lujan, P Lukens, P Lungu, G Lyons, L Lys, J Lysak, R Lytken, E Mack, P MacQueen, D Madrak, R Maeshima, K Maksimovic, P Manca, G Margaroli, F Marginean, R Marino, C Martin, A Martin, M Martin, V Martinez, M Maruyama, T Matsunaga, H Mattson, ME Mazini, R Mazzanti, P McFarland, KS McGivern, D McIntyre, P McNamara, P McNulty, R Mehta, A Menzemer, S Menzione, A Merkel, P Mesropian, C Messina, A von der Mey, M Miao, T Miladinovic, N Miles, J Miller, R Miller, JS Mills, C Milnik, M Miquel, R Miscetti, S Mitselmakher, G Miyamoto, A Moggi, N Mohr, B Moore, R Morello, M Fernandez, PM Mulmenstadt, J Mukherjee, A Mulhearn, M Muller, T Mumford, R Murat, P Nachtman, J Nahn, S Nakano, I Napier, A Naumov, D Necula, V Neu, C Neubauer, MS Nielsen, J Nigmanov, T Nodulman, L Norniella, O Ogawa, T Oh, SH Oh, YD Okusawa, T Oldeman, R Orava, R Osterberg, K Pagliarone, C Palencia, E Paoletti, R Papadimitriou, V Papikonomou, A Paramonov, AA Parks, B Pashapour, S Patrick, J Pauletta, G Paulini, M Paus, C Pellett, DE Penzo, A Phillips, TJ Piacentino, G Piedra, J Pitts, K Plager, C Pondrom, L Pope, G Portell, X Poukhov, O Pounder, N Prakoshyn, F Pronko, A Proudfoot, J Ptohos, F Punzi, G Pursley, J Rademacker, J Rahaman, A Rakitin, A Rappoccio, S Ratnikov, F Reisert, B Rekovic, V van Remortel, N Renton, P Rescigno, M Richter, S Rimondi, F Rinnert, K Ristori, L Robertson, WJ Robson, A Rodrigo, T Rogers, E Rolli, S Roser, R Rossi, M Rossin, R Rott, C Ruiz, A Russ, J Rusu, V Ryan, D Saarikko, H Sabik, S Safonov, A Sakumoto, WK Salamanna, G Salto, O Saltzberg, D Sanchez, C Santi, L Sarkar, S Sato, K Savard, P Savoy-Navarro, A Scheidle, T Schlabach, P Schmidt, EE Schmidt, MP Schmitt, M Schwarz, T Scodellaro, L Scott, AL Scribano, A Scuri, F Sedov, A Seidel, S Seiya, Y Semenov, A Semeria, F Sexton-Kennedy, L Sfiligoi, I Shapiro, MD Shears, T Shepard, PF Sherman, D Shimojima, M Shochet, M Shon, Y Shreyber, I Sidoti, A Sill, A Sinervo, P Sisakyan, A Sjolin, J Skiba, A Slaughter, AJ Sliwa, K Smirnov, D Smith, JR Snider, FD Snihur, R Soderberg, M Soha, A Somalwar, S Sorin, V Spalding, J Spinella, F Squillacioti, P Stanitzki, M Staveris-Polykalas, A St Denis, R Stelzer, B Stelzer-Chilton, O Stentz, D Strologas, J Stuart, D Suh, JS Sukhanov, A Sumorok, K Sun, H Suzuki, T Taffard, A Tafirout, R Takashima, R Takeuchi, Y Takikawa, K Tanaka, M Tanaka, R Tecchio, M Teng, PK Terashi, K Tether, S Thom, J Thompson, AS Thomson, E Tipton, P Tiwari, V Tkaczyk, S Toback, D Tokar, S Tollefson, K Tomura, T Tonelli, D Tonnesmann, M Torre, S Torretta, D Tourneur, S Trischuk, W Tsuchiya, R Tsuno, S Turini, N Ukegawa, F Unverhau, T Uozumi, S Usynin, D Vacavant, L Vaiciulis, A Vallecorsa, S Varganov, A Vataga, E Velev, G Veramendi, G Veszpremi, V Vickey, T Vidal, R Vila, I Vilar, R Vollrath, I Volobouev, I WUrthwein, F Wagner, P Wagner, RG Wagner, RL Wagner, W Wallny, R Walter, T Wan, Z Wang, MJ Wang, SM Warburton, A Ward, B Waschke, S Waters, D Watts, T Weber, M Wester, WC Whitehouse, B Whiteson, D Wicklund, AB Wicklund, E Williams, HH Wilson, P Winer, BL Wittich, P Wolbers, S Wolfe, C Worm, S Wright, T Wu, X Wynne, SM Yagil, A Yamamoto, K Yamaoka, J Yamashita, Y Yang, C Yang, UK Yao, WM Yeh, GP Yoh, J Yorita, K Yoshida, T Yu, I Yu, SS Yun, JC Zanello, L Zanetti, A Zaw, I Zetti, F Zhang, X Zhou, J Zucchelli, S AF Abulencia, A Acosta, D Adelman, J Affolder, T Akimoto, T Albrow, MG Ambrose, D Amerio, S Amidei, D Anastassov, A Anikeev, K Annovi, A Antos, J Aoki, M Apollinari, G Arguin, J-F Arisawa, T Artikov, A Ashmanskas, W Attal, A Azfar, F Azzi-Bacchetta, P Azzurri, P Bacchetta, N Bachacou, H Badgett, W Barbaro-Galtieri, A Barnes, VE Barnett, BA Baroiant, S Bartsch, V Bauer, G Bedeschi, F Behari, S Belforte, S Bellettini, G Bellinger, J Belloni, A Ben Haim, E Benjamin, D Beretvas, A Beringer, J Berry, T Bhatti, A Binkley, M Bisello, D Bishai, M Blair, RE Blocker, C Bloom, K Blumenfeld, B Bocci, A Bodek, A Boisvert, V Bolla, G Bolshov, A Bortoletto, D Boudreau, J Bourov, S Boveia, A Brau, B Bromberg, C Brubaker, E Budagov, J Budd, HS Budd, S Burkett, K Busetto, G Bussey, P Byrum, KL Cabrera, S Campanelli, M Campbell, M Canelli, F Canepa, A Carlsmith, D Carosi, R Carron, S Casarsa, M Castro, A Catastini, P Cauz, D Cavalli-Sforza, M Cerri, A Cerrito, L Chang, SH Chapman, J Chen, YC Chertok, M Chiarelli, G Chlachidze, G Chlebana, F Cho, I Cho, K Chokheli, D Chou, JP Chu, PH Chuang, SH Chung, K Chung, WH Chung, YS Ciljak, M Ciobanu, CI Ciocci, MA Clark, A Clark, D Coca, M Connolly, A Convery, ME Conway, J Cooper, B Copic, K Cordelli, M Cortiana, G Cruz, A Cuevas, J Culbertson, R Cyr, D DaRonco, S D'Auria, S D'Onofrio, M Dagenhart, D de Barbaro, P De Cecco, S Deisher, A De Lentdecker, G Dell'Orso, M Demers, S Demortier, L Deng, J Deninno, M De Pedis, D Derwent, PF Dionisi, C Dittmann, JR DiTuro, P Dorr, C Dominguez, A Donati, S Donega, M Dong, P Donini, J Dorigo, T Dube, S Ebina, K Efron, J Ehlers, J Erbacher, R Errede, D Errede, S Eusebi, R Fang, HC Farrington, S Fedorko, I Fedorko, WT Feild, RG Feindt, M Fernandez, JP Field, R Flanagan, G Flores-Castillo, LR Foland, A Forrester, S Foster, GW Franklin, M Freeman, JC Fujii, Y Furic, I Gajjar, A Gallinaro, M Galyardt, J Garcia, JE Garcia Sciveres, M Garfinkel, AF Gay, C Gerberich, H Gerchtein, E Gerdes, D Giagu, S di Giovanni, GP Giannetti, P Gibson, A Gibson, K Ginsburg, C Giokaris, N Giolo, K Giordani, M Giunta, M Giurgiu, G Glagolev, V Glenzinski, D Gold, M Goldschmidt, N Goldstein, J Gomez, G Gomez-Ceballos, G Goncharov, M Gonzalez, O Gorelov, I Goshaw, AT Gotra, Y Goulianos, K Gresele, A Griffiths, M Grinstein, S Grosso-Pilcher, C Grundler, U da Costa, JG Haber, C Hahn, SR Hahn, K Halkiadakis, E Hamilton, A Han, BY Handler, R Happacher, F Hara, K Hare, M Harper, S Harr, RF Harris, RM Hatakeyama, K Hauser, J Hays, C Hayward, H Heijboer, A Heinemann, B Heinrich, J Hennecke, M Herndon, M Heuser, J Hidas, D Hill, CS Hirschbuehl, D Hocker, A Holloway, A Hou, S Houlden, M Hsu, SC Huffman, BT Hughes, RE Huston, J Ikado, K Incandela, J Introzzi, G Iori, M Ishizawa, Y Ivanov, A Iyutin, B James, E Jang, D Jayatilaka, B Jeans, D Jensen, H Jeon, EJ Jones, M Joo, KK Jun, SY Junk, TR Kamon, T Kang, J Karagoz-Unel, M Karchin, PE Kato, Y Kemp, Y Kephart, R Kerzel, U Khotilovich, V Kilminster, B Kim, DH Kim, HS Kim, JE Kim, MJ Kim, MS Kim, SB Kim, SH Kim, YK Kirby, M Kirsch, L Klimenko, S Klute, M Knuteson, B Ko, BR Kobayashi, H Kondo, K Kong, DJ Konigsberg, J Kordas, K Korytov, A Kotwal, AV Kovalev, A Kraus, J Kravchenko, I Kreps, M Kreymer, A Kroll, J Krumnack, N Kruse, M Krutelyov, V Kuhlmann, SE Kusakabe, Y Kwang, S Laasanen, AT Lai, S Lami, S Lammel, S Lancaster, M Lander, RL Lannon, K Lath, A Latino, G Lazzizzera, I Lecci, C LeCompte, T Lee, J Lee, J Lee, SW Lefevre, R Leonardo, N Leone, S Levy, S Lewis, JD Li, K Lin, C Lin, CS Lindgren, M Lipeles, E Liss, TM Lister, A Litvintsev, DO Liu, T Liu, Y Lockyer, NS Loginov, A Loreti, M Loverre, P Lu, RS Lucchesi, D Lujan, P Lukens, P Lungu, G Lyons, L Lys, J Lysak, R Lytken, E Mack, P MacQueen, D Madrak, R Maeshima, K Maksimovic, P Manca, G Margaroli, F Marginean, R Marino, C Martin, A Martin, M Martin, V Martinez, M Maruyama, T Matsunaga, H Mattson, ME Mazini, R Mazzanti, P McFarland, KS McGivern, D McIntyre, P McNamara, P McNulty, R Mehta, A Menzemer, S Menzione, A Merkel, P Mesropian, C Messina, A von der Mey, M Miao, T Miladinovic, N Miles, J Miller, R Miller, JS Mills, C Milnik, M Miquel, R Miscetti, S Mitselmakher, G Miyamoto, A Moggi, N Mohr, B Moore, R Morello, M Fernandez, PM Mulmenstadt, J Mukherjee, A Mulhearn, M Muller, T Mumford, R Murat, P Nachtman, J Nahn, S Nakano, I Napier, A Naumov, D Necula, V Neu, C Neubauer, MS Nielsen, J Nigmanov, T Nodulman, L Norniella, O Ogawa, T Oh, SH Oh, YD Okusawa, T Oldeman, R Orava, R Osterberg, K Pagliarone, C Palencia, E Paoletti, R Papadimitriou, V Papikonomou, A Paramonov, AA Parks, B Pashapour, S Patrick, J Pauletta, G Paulini, M Paus, C Pellett, DE Penzo, A Phillips, TJ Piacentino, G Piedra, J Pitts, K Plager, C Pondrom, L Pope, G Portell, X Poukhov, O Pounder, N Prakoshyn, F Pronko, A Proudfoot, J Ptohos, F Punzi, G Pursley, J Rademacker, J Rahaman, A Rakitin, A Rappoccio, S Ratnikov, F Reisert, B Rekovic, V van Remortel, N Renton, P Rescigno, M Richter, S Rimondi, F Rinnert, K Ristori, L Robertson, WJ Robson, A Rodrigo, T Rogers, E Rolli, S Roser, R Rossi, M Rossin, R Rott, C Ruiz, A Russ, J Rusu, V Ryan, D Saarikko, H Sabik, S Safonov, A Sakumoto, WK Salamanna, G Salto, O Saltzberg, D Sanchez, C Santi, L Sarkar, S Sato, K Savard, P Savoy-Navarro, A Scheidle, T Schlabach, P Schmidt, EE Schmidt, MP Schmitt, M Schwarz, T Scodellaro, L Scott, AL Scribano, A Scuri, F Sedov, A Seidel, S Seiya, Y Semenov, A Semeria, F Sexton-Kennedy, L Sfiligoi, I Shapiro, MD Shears, T Shepard, PF Sherman, D Shimojima, M Shochet, M Shon, Y Shreyber, I Sidoti, A Sill, A Sinervo, P Sisakyan, A Sjolin, J Skiba, A Slaughter, AJ Sliwa, K Smirnov, D Smith, JR Snider, FD Snihur, R Soderberg, M Soha, A Somalwar, S Sorin, V Spalding, J Spinella, F Squillacioti, P Stanitzki, M Staveris-Polykalas, A St Denis, R Stelzer, B Stelzer-Chilton, O Stentz, D Strologas, J Stuart, D Suh, JS Sukhanov, A Sumorok, K Sun, H Suzuki, T Taffard, A Tafirout, R Takashima, R Takeuchi, Y Takikawa, K Tanaka, M Tanaka, R Tecchio, M Teng, PK Terashi, K Tether, S Thom, J Thompson, AS Thomson, E Tipton, P Tiwari, V Tkaczyk, S Toback, D Tokar, S Tollefson, K Tomura, T Tonelli, D Tonnesmann, M Torre, S Torretta, D Tourneur, S Trischuk, W Tsuchiya, R Tsuno, S Turini, N Ukegawa, F Unverhau, T Uozumi, S Usynin, D Vacavant, L Vaiciulis, A Vallecorsa, S Varganov, A Vataga, E Velev, G Veramendi, G Veszpremi, V Vickey, T Vidal, R Vila, I Vilar, R Vollrath, I Volobouev, I WUrthwein, F Wagner, P Wagner, RG Wagner, RL Wagner, W Wallny, R Walter, T Wan, Z Wang, MJ Wang, SM Warburton, A Ward, B Waschke, S Waters, D Watts, T Weber, M Wester, WC Whitehouse, B Whiteson, D Wicklund, AB Wicklund, E Williams, HH Wilson, P Winer, BL Wittich, P Wolbers, S Wolfe, C Worm, S Wright, T Wu, X Wynne, SM Yagil, A Yamamoto, K Yamaoka, J Yamashita, Y Yang, C Yang, UK Yao, WM Yeh, GP Yoh, J Yorita, K Yoshida, T Yu, I Yu, SS Yun, JC Zanello, L Zanetti, A Zaw, I Zetti, F Zhang, X Zhou, J Zucchelli, S CA CDF Collaboration TI Measurement of the inclusive jet cross section using the k(T) algorithm in p(p)over-bar collisions at root s=1.96 TeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HADRON-COLLISIONS; CALORIMETER AB We report on a measurement of the inclusive jet production cross section as a function of the jet transverse momentum in p (p) over bar collisions at root s =1.96 TeV using data collected with the upgraded Collider Detector at Fermilab in run II, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 385 pb(-1). The measurement is carried out for jets with rapidity 0.1 direction of the Ge(111) substrate, culminating in a compressed monoclinic modification of FeGe. Whereas monoclinic FeGe is antiferromagnetic in the bulk, the nanowires are surprisingly strong ferromagnets below similar to 200 K with an average magnetic moment of 0.8 mu(B) per Fe atom. Density functional calculations indicate an unusual stabilization mechanism for the observed ferromagnetism: lattice compression destabilizes the antiferromagnetic Peierls-like ground state observed in the bulk while increased p-d hybridization suppresses the magnetic moments and stabilizes ferromagnetism. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Zeng, CG (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RI Kent, Paul/A-6756-2008; Varela, Maria/H-2648-2012; Varela, Maria/E-2472-2014; Stocks, George Malcollm/Q-1251-2016; OI Kent, Paul/0000-0001-5539-4017; Varela, Maria/0000-0002-6582-7004; Stocks, George Malcollm/0000-0002-9013-260X; Eisenbach, Markus/0000-0001-8805-8327 NR 31 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 6 U2 24 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAR 31 PY 2006 VL 96 IS 12 AR 127201 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.96.127201 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 028DL UT WOS:000236467000067 ER PT J AU Zhou, CG Schulthess, TC Torbrugge, S Landau, DP AF Zhou, CG Schulthess, TC Torbrugge, S Landau, DP TI Wang-Landau algorithm for continuous models and joint density of states SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID RANDOM-WALK; SIMULATION; PROTEINS AB We present a modified Wang-Landau algorithm for models with continuous degrees of freedom. We demonstrate this algorithm with the calculation of the joint density of states of ferromagnet Heisenberg models and a model polymer chain. The joint density of states contains more information than the density of states of a single variable-energy, but is also much more time consuming to calculate. We present strategies to significantly speed up this calculation for large systems over a large range of energy and order parameter. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci & Comp Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Math, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Georgia, Ctr Simulat Phys, Athens, GA 30602 USA. Univ Osnabruck, Fachbereich Phys, D-49076 Osnabruck, Germany. RP Zhou, CG (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci & Comp Sci, POB 2008,MS6493, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 24 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAR 31 PY 2006 VL 96 IS 12 AR 120201 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.96.120201 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 028DL UT WOS:000236467000001 ER PT J AU Keegstra, K Walton, J AF Keegstra, K Walton, J TI Plant science - beta-glucans - Brewer's bane, dietician's delight SO SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material ID SYNTHASE; FAMILY; GENES AB Identification of the enzyme that synthesizes a polysaccharide in plant cell walls will allow manipulation of grasses to enhance their utility as food, feed, and fuel. C1 Michigan State Univ, US DOE, Plant Res Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Keegstra, K (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, US DOE, Plant Res Lab, Plant Biol Bldg, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM keegstra@msu.edu; walton@msu.edu NR 11 TC 18 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD MAR 31 PY 2006 VL 311 IS 5769 BP 1872 EP 1873 DI 10.1126/science.1125938 PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 027BD UT WOS:000236387800029 PM 16574854 ER PT J AU Kang, S Goyal, A Li, J Gapud, AA Martin, PM Heatherly, L Thompson, JR Christen, DK List, FA Paranthaman, M Lee, DF AF Kang, S Goyal, A Li, J Gapud, AA Martin, PM Heatherly, L Thompson, JR Christen, DK List, FA Paranthaman, M Lee, DF TI High-performance high-T-c superconducting wires SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID YBA2CU3O7-DELTA FILMS; COATED CONDUCTORS; CRITICAL CURRENTS; COLUMNAR DEFECTS; THICK-FILMS AB We demonstrated short segments of a superconducting wire that meets or exceeds performance requirements for many large-scale applications of high-temperature superconducting materials, especially those requiring a high supercurrent and/or a high engineering critical current density in applied magnetic fields. The performance requirements for these varied applications were met in 3-micrometer-thick YBa2Cu3O7-delta films epitaxially grown via pulsed laser ablation on rolling assisted biaxially textured substrates. Enhancements of the critical current in self-field as well as excellent retention of this current in high applied magnetic fields were achieved in the thick films via incorporation of a periodic array of extended columnar defects, composed of self-aligned nanodots of nonsuperconducting material extending through the entire thickness of the film. These columnar defects are highly effective in pinning the superconducting vortices or flux lines, thereby resulting in the substantially enhanced performance of this wire. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Goyal, A (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM goyala@ornl.gov RI Christen, David/A-9709-2008; Paranthaman, Mariappan/N-3866-2015; OI Paranthaman, Mariappan/0000-0003-3009-8531; Gapud, Albert/0000-0001-9048-9230 NR 19 TC 286 Z9 293 U1 5 U2 48 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD MAR 31 PY 2006 VL 311 IS 5769 BP 1911 EP 1914 DI 10.1126/science.1124872 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 027BD UT WOS:000236387800041 PM 16574864 ER PT J AU Park, YJ Doeff, MA AF Park, YJ Doeff, MA TI Synthesis and electrochemical characterization of M2Mn3O8 (M=Ca, Cu) compounds and derivatives SO SOLID STATE IONICS LA English DT Article DE manganese oxides; lithium battery cathodes; divalent cations ID RECHARGEABLE LITHIUM BATTERIES; OXIDE INTERGROWTH ELECTRODES; MANGANESE; SUBSTITUTION; CU2MN3O8; ION AB M2Mn3O8 (M=Ca2+, Cu2+) compounds were synthesized and characterized in lithium cells. The M2+ cations, which reside in the van der Waals gaps between adjacent sheets of Mn3O84- may be replaced chemically (by ion-exchange) or electrochemically with Li. More than 7 Li+/Cu2Mn3O8 may be inserted electrochemically, with concomitant reduction of Cu2+ to Cu metal, but less Li can be inserted into Ca2Mn3O8. In the case of Cu2+, this process is partially reversible when the cell is charged above 3.5 V vs. Li, but intercalation of Cu+ rather than Cu2+ and Li+/Cu+ exchange occurs during the subsequent discharge. If the cell potential is kept below 3AV, the Li in excess of 4 Li+/Cu2Mn3O8 can be cycled reversibly. The unusual mobility of +2 cations in a layered structure has important implications both for the design of cathodes for Li batteries and for new systems that could be based on M2+ intercalation compounds. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Elect & Telecommun Res Inst, Power Source Device Team, Taejon 305350, South Korea. RP Doeff, MA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM mmdoeff@lbl.gov RI Doeff, Marca/G-6722-2013 OI Doeff, Marca/0000-0002-2148-8047 NR 17 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 5 U2 36 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2738 J9 SOLID STATE IONICS JI Solid State Ion. PD MAR 31 PY 2006 VL 177 IS 9-10 BP 893 EP 900 DI 10.1016/j.ssi.2006.02.001 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 044AH UT WOS:000237643900013 ER PT J AU Totemeier, TC Wright, JK AF Totemeier, TC Wright, JK TI Residual stress determination in thermally sprayed coatings - a comparison of curvature models and X-ray techniques SO SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE residual stress; thermal spray; HVOF; iron alloys; X-ray diffraction ID PROGRESSIVELY DEPOSITED COATINGS; IRON ALUMINIDE COATINGS; THICKNESS; GEOMETRY; STEEL AB Residual stresses were calculated from the curvature of coating-substrate coupons using three different models: a simple two-beam elastic model, the Tsui-Clyne progressive deposition model, and the Tsui-Clyne progressive deposition model with substrate plasticity. The coatings studied were metallic and prepared by high-velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) thermal spraying. The calculated stresses were compared to those measured on the same coupons using X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. Coating surface stresses calculated using the two-beam elastic model disagreed with those measured using XRD for coupons with significant curvature. Trends in residual stresses (with varying coating and substrate thickness, substrate material, and HVOF spray particle velocity) predicted by the elastic and elastic-plastic versions of the Tsui-Clyne progressive deposition model agreed with the trends measured by XRD. The magnitudes of stresses calculated using the Tsui-Clyne model agreed with the XRD measurements for coatings sprayed at low particle velocities but were significantly more compressive for coatings sprayed at higher velocities. Accounting for substrate plasticity in the Tsui-Clyne model improved the agreement with the XRD results, but only slightly. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Totemeier, TC (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, POB 1625,MS 2218, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM terry.totemeier@inl.gov OI Wright, Jill/0000-0001-8909-8144 NR 29 TC 36 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0257-8972 J9 SURF COAT TECH JI Surf. Coat. Technol. PD MAR 31 PY 2006 VL 200 IS 12-13 BP 3955 EP 3962 DI 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2005.06.003 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 021KH UT WOS:000235981600036 ER PT J AU Wu, ZL Zhang, C Stair, PC AF Wu, ZL Zhang, C Stair, PC TI Influence of absorption on quantitative analysis in Raman spectroscopy SO CATALYSIS TODAY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st Conference on Operando Spectroscopy CY 2003 CL Lunteren, NETHERLANDS DE Raman spectroscopy; quantitative analysis; absorption; scattering; internal standard; external standard; diffuse reflectance; correction ID METAL-OXIDE CATALYSTS; RESONANCE RAMAN; IN-SITU; SUPPORTED CATALYSTS; SELF-ABSORPTION; COKE FORMATION; UV; ULTRAVIOLET; SCATTERING; CONVERSION AB Absorption of both the excitation and Raman scattered light by the sample (self-absorption) is common in UV Raman spectroscopy and sometimes in visible and FT-Raman spectroscopy due to electronic or vibrational excitation. Self-absorption affects Raman bands and usually results in a non-linear relationship between the Raman intensity and sample concentration. This paper compares quantitative analysis methods for Raman measurements of absorbing liquid and solid samples. Methods based on both internal and external standards can be used to correct for self-absorption. Examples including both liquid (1-methylnaphthalene/isooctane) and solid (V/delta-Al2O3) systems were used to compare the effectiveness of these methods. The results show that as long as certain restrictions on the use of these analysis methods are satisfied, the self-absorption problem in Raman spectroscopy can be accurately corrected. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Ctr Catalysis & Surface Sci, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Northwestern Univ, Inst Environm Catalysis, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Stair, PC (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Ctr Catalysis & Surface Sci, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. EM pstair@northwestem.edu RI Wu, Zili/F-5905-2012 OI Wu, Zili/0000-0002-4468-3240 NR 29 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5861 J9 CATAL TODAY JI Catal. Today PD MAR 30 PY 2006 VL 113 IS 1-2 BP 40 EP 47 DI 10.1016/j.cattod.2005.11.007 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 024AT UT WOS:000236168000006 ER PT J AU Travis, BJ Schubert, G AF Travis, BJ Schubert, G TI Hydrothermal convection in carbonaceous chondrite parent bodies (vol 240, pg 234, 2005) SO EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS LA English DT Correction C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Schubert, G (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM bjtravis@lanl.gov; schubert@ucla.edu NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0012-821X J9 EARTH PLANET SC LETT JI Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. PD MAR 30 PY 2006 VL 243 IS 3-4 BP 851 EP 851 DI 10.1016/j.epsi.2006.01.020 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 029YP UT WOS:000236600600044 ER PT J AU Pasyanos, ME Franz, GA Ramirez, AL AF Pasyanos, ME Franz, GA Ramirez, AL TI Reconciling a geophysical model to data using a Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm: An application to the Yellow Sea-Korean Peninsula region SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH LA English DT Article ID NEIGHBORHOOD ALGORITHM; CRUSTAL STRUCTURE; INVERSE PROBLEMS; MOUNTAIN BELT; NORTH-AFRICA; UPPER-MANTLE; SURFACE; CONSTRAINTS; BENEATH; IRAN AB [1] In an effort to build seismic models that are the most consistent with multiple data sets we have applied a new probabilistic inverse technique. This method uses a Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm to sample models from a prior distribution and test them against multiple data types to generate a posterior distribution. While computationally expensive, this approach has several advantages over deterministic models, notably the seamless reconciliation of different data types that constrain the model, the proper handling of both data and model uncertainties, and the ability to easily incorporate a variety of prior information, all in a straightforward, natural fashion. A real advantage of the technique is that it provides a more complete picture of the solution space. By mapping out the posterior probability density function, we can avoid simplistic assumptions about the model space and allow alternative solutions to be identified, compared, and ranked. Here we use this method to determine the crust and upper mantle structure of the Yellow Sea and Korean Peninsula region. The model is parameterized as a series of seven layers in a regular latitude-longitude grid, each of which is characterized by thickness and seismic parameters (Vp, Vs, and density). We use surface wave dispersion and body wave traveltime data to drive the model. We find that when properly tuned (i.e., the Markov chains have had adequate time to fully sample the model space and the inversion has converged), the technique behaves as expected. The posterior model reflects the prior information at the edge of the model where there is little or no data to constrain adjustments, but the range of acceptable models is significantly reduced in data-rich regions, producing values of sediment thickness, crustal thickness, and upper mantle velocities consistent with expectations based on knowledge of the regional tectonic setting. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, L-205,POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM pasyanos1@llnl.gov RI Pasyanos, Michael/C-3125-2013 NR 26 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9313 EI 2169-9356 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth PD MAR 30 PY 2006 VL 111 IS B3 AR B03313 DI 10.1029/2005JB003851 PG 15 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 031VI UT WOS:000236732100003 ER PT J AU Schaake, J Duan, QY AF Schaake, J Duan, QY TI The model parameter estimation experiment (MOPEX) - Preface SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 NOAA, Natl Weather Serv, Off Hydrol Dev, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Energy & Environm Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Schaake, J (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Weather Serv, Off Hydrol Dev, 1325 EW Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM john.schaake@noaa.gov; qduan@llml.gov RI Duan, Qingyun/C-7652-2011 OI Duan, Qingyun/0000-0001-9955-1512 NR 1 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1694 J9 J HYDROL JI J. Hydrol. PD MAR 30 PY 2006 VL 320 IS 1-2 SI SI BP 1 EP 2 DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2005.07.054 PG 2 WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 027WY UT WOS:000236448000001 ER PT J AU Duan, Q Schaake, J Andreassian, V Franks, S Goteti, G Gupta, HV Gusev, YM Habets, F Hall, A Hay, L Hogue, T Huang, M Leavesley, G Liang, X Nasonova, ON Noilhan, J Oudin, L Sorooshian, S Wagener, T Wood, EF AF Duan, Q Schaake, J Andreassian, V Franks, S Goteti, G Gupta, HV Gusev, YM Habets, F Hall, A Hay, L Hogue, T Huang, M Leavesley, G Liang, X Nasonova, ON Noilhan, J Oudin, L Sorooshian, S Wagener, T Wood, EF TI Model Parameter Estimation Experiment (MOPEX): An overview of science strategy and major results from the second and third workshops SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd MOPEX Workshop CY JUL, 2003 CL Sapporo, JAPAN SP MOPEX DE MOPEX; a priori parameter estimation; model calibration; rainfall-runoff modeling; regionalization; uncertainty analysis ID GLOBAL OPTIMIZATION; MULTICRITERIA METHODS; HYDROLOGIC-MODELS; RIVER-BASIN; LAND; UNCERTAINTY; SCHEMES; PRECIPITATION; SENSITIVITY; PREDICTION AB The Model Parameter Estimation Experiment (MOPEX) is an international project aimed at developing enhanced techniques for the a priori estimation of parameters in hydrologic models and in land surface parameterization schemes of atmospheric models. The MOPEX science strategy involves three major steps: data preparation, a priori parameter estimation methodology development, and demonstration of parameter transferability. A comprehensive MOPEX database has been developed that contains historical hydrometeorological data and land surface characteristics data for many hydrologic basins in the United States (US) and in other countries. This database is being continuously expanded to include more basins in all parts of the world. A number of international MOPEX workshops have been convened to bring together interested hydrologists and land surface modelers from all over world to exchange knowledge and experience in developing a priori parameter estimation techniques. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Energy & Environm Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NOAA, Natl Weather Serv, Off Hydrol Dev, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Cemagref, Grp Hydrol, Antony, France. Univ Newcastle, Dept Civil Surveying & Environm Engn, Callaghan, NSW, Australia. Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Irvine, CA USA. Univ Arizona, Dept Hydrol & Water Resources, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Russian Acad Sci, Inst Water Problems, Moscow, Russia. Meteo France, Toulouse, France. GEWEX, Water Resources Appl Project, Cooma, Australia. US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Irvine, CA USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Princeton Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RP Duan, Q (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Energy & Environm Directorate, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM qduan@llnl.gov RI Andreassian, Vazken/B-6226-2008; Wagener, Thorsten/C-2062-2008; Gupta, Hoshin/D-1642-2010; sorooshian, soroosh/B-3753-2008; Franks, Stewart/C-6502-2013; Nasonova, Olga/B-6093-2014; Duan, Qingyun/C-7652-2011; gusev, yugeniy/G-4711-2014; Huang, Maoyi/I-8599-2012 OI Habets, Florence/0000-0003-1950-0921; Wagener, Thorsten/0000-0003-3881-5849; Gupta, Hoshin/0000-0001-9855-2839; sorooshian, soroosh/0000-0001-7774-5113; Duan, Qingyun/0000-0001-9955-1512; gusev, yugeniy/0000-0003-3886-2143; Huang, Maoyi/0000-0001-9154-9485 NR 46 TC 221 Z9 230 U1 4 U2 56 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1694 J9 J HYDROL JI J. Hydrol. PD MAR 30 PY 2006 VL 320 IS 1-2 SI SI BP 3 EP 17 DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2005.07.031 PG 15 WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 027WY UT WOS:000236448000002 ER PT J AU Lin, YC Sundholm, D Juselius, J Cui, LF Li, X Zhai, HJ Wang, LS AF Lin, YC Sundholm, D Juselius, J Cui, LF Li, X Zhai, HJ Wang, LS TI Experimental and computational studies of alkali-metal coinage-metal clusters SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID INCLUDING ATOMIC ORBITALS; NMR CHEMICAL-SHIFTS; PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; CORRELATION-ENERGY; DENSITY; ANTIAROMATICITY; MOLECULES; AL-4(2-) AB Coinage and alkali metal mixed clusters, M4Na- (M = Cu, An) have been investigated experimentally using photoelectron spectroscopy and computationally at correlated ab initio levels. The related Cu4Li-, Ag4Li-, Ag4Na-, and Au4Li- clusters as well as the neutral Cu4Li2 and Cu4Na2 clusters have also been studied computationally. The calculations show that the two lowest isomers of the negatively charged clusters include a pyramidal C-4v structure and a planar C-2v species. For Cu4Li- and Cu4Na-, the C-4v structure is calculated at correlated ab initio level to be 30.9 and 16.9 kJ/mol below the planar C-2v, isomer, whereas the planar isomers of Au4Li- and Ai(4)Na(-) are found to be 29.7 and 49.4 U/mol below the pyramidal ones. For Ag4Li- and Ag4Na-, the pyramidal isomers are the lowest ones. Comparison of the calculated and measured photoelectron spectra Of Cu4Na- and Au4Na- shows that the pyramidal Cu4Na- cluster of C-4v symmetry and the planar Au4Na- of C-2v symmetry are detected experimentally. Calculations of the magnetically induced current density in Cu4Li- and Cu4Li2 using the Gauge-Including Magnetically Induced Current (GIMIC) method show that strong, ring currents are sustained mainly by the highest-occupied molecular orbital primarily derived from the Cu 4s. The GIMIC calculations thus show that the Cu-4(2-) ring is sigma-aromatic and that the d orbitals do not play any significant role for the electron delocalization effects. The present study does not support the notion that the square-planar Cu-4(2-) is the first example of d-orbital aromatic molecules. C1 Univ Helsinki, Dept Chem, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland. Univ Tromso, Dept Chem, N-9037 Tromso, Norway. Washington State Univ, Dept Phys, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, WR Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Wang, LS (reprint author), Univ Helsinki, Dept Chem, POB 55 AI Virtanens Plats 1, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland. EM sundholm@chem.helsinki.fi; jonas.juselius@chem.uit.no; ls.wang@pnl.gov OI Sundholm, Dage Matts Borje/0000-0002-2367-9277 NR 43 TC 57 Z9 58 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD MAR 30 PY 2006 VL 110 IS 12 BP 4244 EP 4250 DI 10.1021/jp056789n PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 027HW UT WOS:000236407000013 PM 16553376 ER PT J AU Dohnalek, Z Kim, J Bondarchuk, O White, JM Kay, BD AF Dohnalek, Z Kim, J Bondarchuk, O White, JM Kay, BD TI Physisorption of N-2, O-2, and CO on fully oxidized TiO2(110) SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-OXYGEN; RUTILE 110; N-ALKANES; ADSORPTION; SURFACE; DESORPTION; NITROGEN; MGO(100); CLUSTER; VACUUM AB Physisorption of N-2, O-2, and CO was studied on fully oxidized TiO2 (110) using beam reflection and temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) techniques. Sticking coefficients for all three molecules are nearly equal (0.75 +/- 0.05) and approximately independent of coverage suggesting that adsorption occurs via a precursor-mediated mechanism. Excluding multilayer coverages, the TPD spectra for all three adsorbates exhibit three distinct coverage regimes that can be interpreted in accord with previous theoretical studies of N, adsorption. At low coverages (0-0.5 N-2/Ti4+), N-2 molecules bind head-on to five-coordinated Ti4+ ions. The adsorption occurs preferentially on the Till sites that do not have neighboring adsorbates. This arrangement minimizes the repulsive interactions between the adsorbed molecules along the Till rows resulting in a relatively small shift of the TPD peak (105 -> 90 K) with increasing coverage. At higher N-2 coverages (0.5-1.0 N-2/Ti4+) the nearest-neighbor Till sites become occupied. The close proximity of the adsorbates results in strong repulsion thus giving rise to a significant shift of the TPD leading edges (90 -> 45 K) with increasing coverage. For N-2/Ti4+ > 1, an additional low-temperature peak (similar to 43 K) is present and is ascribed to N-2 adsorption on bridge-bonded oxygen rows. The results for O-2 and CO are qualitatively similar. The repulsive adsorbate-adsorbate interactions are largest for CO, most likely due to alignment of CO dipole moments. The coverage-dependent binding energies of O-2, N-2, and CO are determined by inverting TPD profiles. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental Sci Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Inst Interfacial Catalysis, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Texas, Texas Mat Inst, Ctr Mat Chem, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Dohnalek, Z (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental Sci Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM Zdenek.Dohnalek@pnl.gov; Bruce.Kay@pnl.gov OI Dohnalek, Zdenek/0000-0002-5999-7867; Bondarchuk, Oleksandr/0000-0001-7380-8930 NR 38 TC 105 Z9 105 U1 3 U2 48 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD MAR 30 PY 2006 VL 110 IS 12 BP 6229 EP 6235 DI 10.1021/jp0564905 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 027HZ UT WOS:000236407400055 PM 16553438 ER PT J AU Fuentes-Cabrera, M Sumpter, BG Lipkowski, P Wells, JC AF Fuentes-Cabrera, M Sumpter, BG Lipkowski, P Wells, JC TI Size-expanded yDNA bases: An ab initio study SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID NUCLEIC-ACID BASES; PAIRED GENETIC HELIX; DNA BASES; GROUND-STATE; AMINO-GROUPS; ANALOGS; MOLECULES; CHARACTER; EXCHANGE; SYSTEM AB xDNA and yDNA are new classes of synthetic nucleic acids characterized by having base-pairs with one of the bases larger than the natural congeners. Here these larger bases are called x- and y-bases. We recently investigated and reported the structural and electronic properties of the x-bases (Fuentes-Cabrera et al. J. Phys. Chem. B 2005, 109, 21135-21139). Here we extend this study by investigating the structure and electronic properties of the y-bases. These studies are framed within our interest that xDNA and yDNA Could function as nanowires, for they could have smaller HOMO-LUMO gaps than natural DNA. The limited amount of experimental structural data in these synthetic duplexes makes it necessary to first understand smaller models and, subsequently, to use that information to build larger models. In this paper, we report the results on the chemical and electronic structure of the y-bases. In particular, we predict that the y-bases have smaller HOMO-LUMO gaps than their natural congeners, which is an encouraging result for it indicates that yDNA could have a smaller HOMO-LUMO gap than natural DNA. Also, we predict that the y-bases are less planar than the natural ones. Particularly interesting are our results corresponding to yG. Our studies show that yG is unstable because it is less aromatic and has a Coulombic repulsion that involves the amino group, as compared with a more stable tautomer. However, yG has a very small HOMO-LUMO gap, the smallest of all the size-expanded bases we have considered. The results of this study provide useful information that may allow the synthesis of an yG-mimic that is stable and has a small HOMO-LUMO gap. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Wroclaw Univ Technol, Inst Theoret & Phys Chem, PL-50379 Wroclaw, Poland. RP Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM fuentescabma@ornl.gov RI Wells, Jack/D-3675-2016; Lipkowski, Pawel/E-7729-2010; Sumpter, Bobby/C-9459-2013; Fuentes-Cabrera, Miguel/Q-2437-2015 OI Wells, Jack/0000-0002-5083-3030; Sumpter, Bobby/0000-0001-6341-0355; Fuentes-Cabrera, Miguel/0000-0001-7912-7079 NR 33 TC 40 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD MAR 30 PY 2006 VL 110 IS 12 BP 6379 EP 6384 DI 10.1021/jp057356n PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 027HZ UT WOS:000236407400074 PM 16553457 ER PT J AU Riedel, M Long, PE Collett, TS AF Riedel, M Long, PE Collett, TS TI Estimates of in situ gas hydrate concentration from resistivity monitoring of gas hydrate bearing sediments during temperature equilibration SO MARINE GEOLOGY LA English DT Article DE gas hydrate concentration; electrical resistivity; marine sediments ID METHANE; CONSTRAINTS; RIDGE AB As part of Ocean Drilling Program Leg 204 at southern Hydrate Ridge off Oregon we have monitored changes in sediment electrical resistivity during controlled gas hydrate dissociation experiments. Two cores were used, each filled with gas hydrate bearing sediments (predominantly mud/silty mud). One core was from Site 1249 (1249F-9H3), 42.1 m below seafloor (mbsf) and the other from Site 1248 (1248C-4Xl), 28.8 mbsf. At Site 1247, a third experiment was conducted oil a core without gas hydrate (1247B-2Hl, 3.6 mbsf). First, the cores were imaged using an infra-red (IR) camera upon recovery to map the gas hydrate occurrence through dissociation cooling. Over a period of several hours, successive runs on the multi-sensor track (includes sensors for P-wave velocity, resistivity, magnetic susceptibility and gamma-ray density) were carried out complemented by X-ray imaging on core 1249F-9H3. After complete equilibration to room temperature (17-18 degrees C) and complete gas hydrate dissociation, the final measurement of electrical resistivity was used to calculate pore-water resistivity and salinities. The calculated pore-water freshening after dissociation is equivalent to a gas hydrate concentration in situ of 35-70% along core 1249F-9H3 and 20-35% for core 1248C-4Xl assuming seawater salinity of in situ pore fluid. Detailed analysis of the IR scan, X-ray images and split-core photographs showed the hydrate mainly occurred disseminated throughout the core. Additionally, in core 1249F-9H3, a single hydrate filled vein, approximately 10 cm long and dipping at about 65 degrees, was identified. Analyses of the logging-while-drilling (LWD) resistivity data revealed a structural dip of 40-80 degrees in the interval between 40 and 44 mbsf. We further analyzed all resistivity data measured oil the recovered core during Leg 204. Generally poor data quality due to gas cracks allowed analyses to be carried out only at selected intervals at Sites 1244, 1245, 1246, 1247, 1248, 1249, and 1252. With a few exceptions, data from these intervals yield low to no gas hydrate concentration which corresponds to estimates from downhole resistivity logs. However, since the gas cracking may be the result of gas hydrate dissociation, this is a biased sampling. Cores that had contained some gas hydrate may have been excluded. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Nat Resources Canada, Geol Survey Canada Pacific Sidney Subdiv, Pacific Geosci Ctr, Sidney, BC, Canada. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. US Geol Survey Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA. RP Riedel, M (reprint author), Nat Resources Canada, Geol Survey Canada Pacific Sidney Subdiv, Pacific Geosci Ctr, 9860 W Saanich Rd, Sidney, BC, Canada. EM mriedel@NRCan.gc.ca RI Long, Philip/F-5728-2013 OI Long, Philip/0000-0003-4152-5682 NR 25 TC 13 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0025-3227 J9 MAR GEOL JI Mar. Geol. PD MAR 30 PY 2006 VL 227 IS 3-4 BP 215 EP 225 DI 10.1016/j.margeo.2005.10.007 PG 11 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography SC Geology; Oceanography GA 026MD UT WOS:000236342100004 ER PT J AU Wig, A Arakawa, ET Passian, A Ferrell, TL Thundat, T AF Wig, A Arakawa, ET Passian, A Ferrell, TL Thundat, T TI Photothermal spectroscopy of Bacillus anthracis and Bacillus cereus with microcantilevers SO SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL LA English DT Article DE microcantilever; sensor; photothermal ID MICROCALORIMETRIC SPECTROSCOPY; RECOGNITION; SUBTILIS; SENSORS; SPORES AB Microcalorimetric optical and infrared spectroscopy is a method of determining the spectral absorption of small quantities of materials over a wide range of incident wavelengths. In this paper, the first spectroscopic results for microcantilevers coated with Bacillus anthracis (BA) are presented. These results, for B. anthracis from 2.5 to 14.5 mu m, are compared with results from microcantilevers coated with Bacillus cereus (BC) and standard spectroscopic absorption data. The results demonstrate strong correlation between the deflection measurements and the reference spectroscopic absorption peaks. An advantage of this microcantilever-based method over traditional spectroscopy is that much smaller amounts of material (nanogram quantities) can be detected in comparison with the milligram amounts needed for standard methods. Another advantage is that the complete system can be relatively small without sacrificing spectral resolution. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Wig, A (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM wigag@ornl.gov NR 15 TC 44 Z9 45 U1 1 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-4005 J9 SENSOR ACTUAT B-CHEM JI Sens. Actuator B-Chem. PD MAR 30 PY 2006 VL 114 IS 1 BP 206 EP 211 DI 10.1016/j.snb.2005.04.029 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 021TS UT WOS:000236009300028 ER PT J AU Kim, H Lessard, MR LaBelle, J Johnson, JR AF Kim, H Lessard, MR LaBelle, J Johnson, JR TI Narrow-band extremely low frequency (ELF) wave phenomena observed at South Pole Station SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CUSP WIDTH; WHISTLERS; BZ AB Extremely low frequency (ELF) magnetic pulsations which show a whistler-like spectral structure have been measured at South Pole Station. An initial survey of the first 70 days of data revealed narrow-band ELF pulsations with slowly varying frequency over time. The narrow-band (a few Hz) signatures maintain their bandwidth as their frequencies decrease from 110 to 50 Hz (and their second harmonics) over the course of 40-90 s. Although the narrow-band ELF waves have a signature somewhat similar to very low frequency (VLF) whistlers, their duration and frequency range are much different from those of whistlers; they also show an unusual characteristic where their frequency often increases before it decreases. These events show a peak in their magnetic local time (MLT) occurrence distribution near the pre-midnight region, a result that contrasts sharply with the only three previously published studies of these waves. Two possibilities of generation mechanism are discussed. C1 Univ New Hampshire, Ctr Space Sci, Durham, NH 03824 USA. Dartmouth Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Wilder Lab 6127, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Kim, H (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, Ctr Space Sci, Morse Hall, Durham, NH 03824 USA. EM hyomin.kim@unh.edu NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD MAR 29 PY 2006 VL 33 IS 6 AR L06109 DI 10.1029/2005GL023638 PG 5 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 031UI UT WOS:000236729300001 ER PT J AU Lai, CT Riley, W Owensby, C Ham, J Schauer, A Ehleringer, JR AF Lai, CT Riley, W Owensby, C Ham, J Schauer, A Ehleringer, JR TI Seasonal and interannual variations of carbon and oxygen isotopes of respired CO2 in a tallgrass prairie: Measurements and modeling results from 3 years with contrasting water availability SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID NOCTURNAL ECOSYSTEM RESPIRATION; GLOBAL 3-DIMENSIONAL MODEL; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; LEAF WATER; STABLE-ISOTOPE; TERRESTRIAL VEGETATION; ANDROPOGON-GERARDII; ANHYDRASE ACTIVITY; NONSTEADY STATE; SURFACE FLUXES AB We made weekly measurements of carbon (delta C-13) and oxygen (delta O-18) isotopes of atmospheric CO2 in a C-3/C-4 tallgrass prairie during the growing season for 3 years with contrasting soil moisture conditions. Air samples above and within canopies were collected using 100-ml flasks at night to characterize isotopic composition of ecosystem respiration. We used a two-source mixing line (Keeling plot) approach to estimate isotope ratios of ecosystem respired CO2 for both carbon (delta C-13(R)) and oxygen (delta O-18(R)). Measured net ecosystem CO2 exchange (NEE) showed the largest net carbon uptake in 2004, followed by 2003 and 2002. This interannual difference in NEE strongly depends on the amount and distribution of precipitation received by this tallgrass prairie. Precipitation also affects the timing of the seasonal transition from C-3 dominance in spring to C-4 dominance in summer. Variations of delta C-13(R) showed that C-4 plants dominated ecosystem respiration in 2003 and 2004, except in early spring when C-3 plants were more active. In contrast, contributions of C-3 plants were relatively higher for an extended period in the summer of 2002, when a severe drought occurred. Typically, C-3 forbs extract water and nutrients from soil layers below that of the C-4 grasses and remain photosynthetically active in periods when C-4 grasses have water stress that limits photosynthesis. Drought-reduced C-4 grass photosynthesis was lower than temperature-limited C-3 forb growth during this period. We used an integrated isotope land surface model (ISOLSM) to simulate (and compare to measurements) net CO2 fluxes, delta O-18 values of leaf and soil water, and delta O-18 values of aboveground and soil respiration. The Keeling plot analysis becomes less reliable for estimating delta O-18(R) values when the surface soil is dry. We suspect this is due to low CO2 production in the soil when water is limiting, in which case the invasion (abiotic) effect is more significant. ISOLSM reasonably captured seasonal variations of measured delta O-18(R) in all 3 years, indicating the model's consistency of predicting delta O-18(R) in different soil water conditions. Model simulations also showed that nighttime delta O-18 values of aboveground respiration were variable, often becoming very positive in water-stressed conditions primarily because of the low relative humidity and resultant elevated delta O-18 values of leaf water. C1 Univ Utah, Dept Biol, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Univ Utah, Dept Biol, 257S 1400E, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. EM lai@biology.utah.edu RI Riley, William/D-3345-2015 OI Riley, William/0000-0002-4615-2304 NR 93 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 22 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X EI 2169-8996 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD MAR 29 PY 2006 VL 111 IS D8 AR D08S06 DI 10.1029/2005JD006436 PG 14 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 031UW UT WOS:000236730800003 ER PT J AU Shailos, A Bird, JP Lilly, MP Reno, JL Simmons, JA AF Shailos, A Bird, JP Lilly, MP Reno, JL Simmons, JA TI Spin-polarized transport through a quantum point contact in strongly quantizing magnetic fields: mimicking the 0.7 scenario SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article ID DIMENSIONAL ELECTRON-GAS; CONDUCTANCE; CHANNELS; WIRES; DOT AB We study the influence of a normal magnetic field on the 0.7 feature exhibited by quantum point contacts (QPCs). The magnetic field is used to induce the formation of edge states whose spin splitting and spatial separation can be varied directly via the applied field. By appropriate control of the gate voltage, the QPC can be configured so that its conductance is determined by the two spin-resolved edge states of the lowest Landau level, mimicking the two-channel picture that has been suggested in discussions of the 0.7 feature. Under these conditions, a clear 0.7 feature is only observed at weak magnetic fields, where any spin gap is small and the two edge states are strongly overlapping. A similar feature is also seen at high magnetic fields, but only once the temperature is increased such that the thermal energy is comparable to the size of the spin gap. The connection of these results to the processes that lead to the 0.7 feature is discussed. C1 Arizona State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Nanostruct Res Grp, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. SUNY Buffalo, Dept Elect Engn, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Nanostruct & Semicond Phys Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Shailos, A (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Nanostruct Res Grp, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. RI Bird, Jonathan/G-4068-2010 OI Bird, Jonathan/0000-0002-6966-9007 NR 27 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD MAR 29 PY 2006 VL 18 IS 12 BP 3277 EP 3284 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/18/12/009 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 037CD UT WOS:000237123400010 ER PT J AU Eisenberg, D Marcotte, E McLachlan, AD Pellegrini, M AF Eisenberg, D Marcotte, E McLachlan, AD Pellegrini, M TI Bioinformatic challenges for the next decade(s) SO PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE bioinformatics; genome; proteome ID RIBOSWITCHES AB The science of bioinformatics has developed in the wake of methods to determine the sequences of the informational macromolecules-DNAs, RNAs and proteins. But in a wider sense, the biological world depends in its every process on the transmission of information, and hence bioinformatics is the fundamental core of biology. We here give a consideration of some of the key problems of bioinformatics in the coming decade, and perhaps longer. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Howard Hughes Med Inst, UCLA DOE Inst Genom & Proteom, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Texas, Inst Mol & Cellular Biol, Austin, TX 78712 USA. MRC, Mol Biol Lab, Cambridge CB2 2QH, England. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Mol Cellular & Dev Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Eisenberg, D (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Howard Hughes Med Inst, UCLA DOE Inst Genom & Proteom, Box 951570, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM david@mbi.ucla.edu NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU ROYAL SOCIETY PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 0962-8436 J9 PHILOS T ROY SOC B JI Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci. PD MAR 29 PY 2006 VL 361 IS 1467 BP 525 EP 527 DI 10.1098/rstb.2005.1797 PG 3 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA 019AD UT WOS:000235806600015 PM 16524841 ER PT J AU Chandonia, JM Kim, SH AF Chandonia, John-Marc Kim, Sung-Hou TI Structural proteomics of minimal organisms: Conservation of protein fold usage and evolutionary implications SO BMC STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HIDDEN MARKOV-MODELS; MYCOPLASMA-GENITALIUM; GENOME SEQUENCE; WHOLE-GENOME; TROPHERYMA-WHIPPLEI; TARGET SELECTION; DATABASE; SCOP; SUPERFAMILY; BLOCHMANNIA AB Background: Determining the complete repertoire of protein structures for all soluble, globular proteins in a single organism has been one of the major goals of several structural genomics projects in recent years. Results: We report that this goal has nearly been reached for several "minimal organisms" - parasites or symbionts with reduced genomes - for which over 95% of the soluble, globular proteins may now be assigned folds, overall 3-D backbone structures. We analyze the structures of these proteins as they relate to cellular functions, and compare conservation of fold usage between functional categories. We also compare patterns in the conservation of folds among minimal organisms and those observed between minimal organisms and other bacteria. Conclusion: We find that proteins performing essential cellular functions closely related to transcription and translation exhibit a higher degree of conservation in fold usage than proteins in other functional categories. Folds related to transcription and translation functional categories were also overrepresented in minimal organisms compared to other bacteria. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Kim, SH (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM JMChandonia@lbl.gov; shkim@cchem.berkeley.edu FU NIGMS NIH HHS [P50 GM062412, 1-P50-GM62412] NR 59 TC 5 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2237 J9 BMC STRUCT BIOL JI BMC Struct. Biol. PD MAR 28 PY 2006 VL 6 AR 7 DI 10.1186/1472-6807-6-7 PG 14 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 060UV UT WOS:000238828000001 PM 16566839 ER PT J AU Sabra, KG Roux, P Gerstoft, P Kuperman, WA Fehler, MC AF Sabra, KG Roux, P Gerstoft, P Kuperman, WA Fehler, MC TI Extracting coherent coda arrivals from cross-correlations of long period seismic waves during the Mount St. Helens 2004 eruption SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FIELD-FIELD CORRELATIONS; GREENS-FUNCTION; TEMPORAL CHANGE; OPEN SYSTEMS; VOLCANO; EMERGENCE; TIME; SCATTERING; NOISE AB We computed cross-correlations of seismic waves generated by Long-Period (LP) events in the frequency band [0.8-2.2 Hz]. The data were recorded in the vicinity of Mount St Helens (MSH) during an eruptive period from September to December 2004. The time symmetric coherent coda arrivals of the time-derivative of the cross-correlation function (DCF), resulting from scattering and topographic effects in MSH area, correspond to arrivals of the Green's function (GF) between the two stations. The DCF waveforms computed on an hourly basis show a remarkable consistency over time periods of several hours but show temporal variations on longer time-scales. We investigated the emergence rate of the symmetric arrivals of the DCF and discussed their potential applications for volcano monitoring. C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Marine Phys Lab, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Sabra, KG (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Marine Phys Lab, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM ksabra@ucsd.edu RI Gerstoft, Peter/B-2842-2009; roux, philippe/B-8538-2014; OI Gerstoft, Peter/0000-0002-0471-062X NR 25 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD MAR 28 PY 2006 VL 33 IS 6 AR L06313 DI 10.1029/2005GL025563 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 031UH UT WOS:000236729200007 ER PT J AU Zubarev, DY Alexandrova, AN Boldyrev, AI Cui, LF Li, X Wang, LS AF Zubarev, DY Alexandrova, AN Boldyrev, AI Cui, LF Li, X Wang, LS TI On the structure and chemical bonding of Si-6(2-) and Si-6(2-) in NaSi6- upon Na+ coordination SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID QUADRATIC CONFIGURATION-INTERACTION; ULTRAVIOLET PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; DELTAHEDRAL SILICON CLUSTERS; TRANSITION-METAL CLUSTERS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; ELECTRON LOCALIZATION; SI CLUSTERS; PHOTOEMISSION SPECTRA; SEMIDIRECT ALGORITHMS; SEMIEMPIRICAL METHODS AB Photoelectron spectroscopy was combined with ab initio calculations to elucidate the structure and bonding in Si-6(2-) and NaSi6-. Well-resolved electronic transitions were observed in the photoelectron spectra of Si-6(-) and NaSi6- at three photon energies (355, 266, and 193 nm). The spectra of NaSi6- were observed to be similar to those of Si-6(-) except that the electron binding energies of the former are lower, suggesting that the Si-6 motif in NaSi6- is structurally and electronically similar to that in Si-6(-). The electron affinities of Si-6 and NaSi6 were measured fairly accurately to be 2.23 +/- 0.03 eV and 1.80 +/- 0.05 eV, respectively. Global minimum structure searches for Si-6(2-) and NaSi6- were performed using gradient embedded genetic algorithm followed by B3LYP, MP2, and CCSD(T) calculations. Vertical electron detachment energies were calculated for the lowest Si-6(-) and NaSi6- structures at the CCSD(T)/6-311+G(2df), ROVGF/6-311+G(2df), UOVGF/6-311+G(2d), and time-dependent B3LYP/6-311+G(2df) levels of theory. Experimental vertical detachment energies were used to verify the global minimum structure for NaSi6-. Though the octahedral Si-6(2-), analogous to the closo form of borane B6H62-, is the most stable form for the bare hexasilicon dianion, it is not the kernel for the NaSi6- global minimum. The most stable isomer of NaSi6- is based on a Si-6(2-) motif, which is distorted into C-2v symmetry similar to the ground state structure of Si-6(-). The octahedral Si-6(2-) coordinated by a Na+ is a low-lying isomer and was also observed experimentally. The chemical bonding in Si-6(2-) and NaSi6- was understood using natural bond orbital, molecular orbital, and electron localization function analyses. C1 Utah State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Logan, UT 84322 USA. Washington State Univ, Dept Phys, Richland, WA 99354 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Zubarev, DY (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM boldyrev@cc.usc.edu; ls.wan@pnl.gov RI Boldyrev, Alexander/C-5940-2009 OI Boldyrev, Alexander/0000-0002-8277-3669 NR 73 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD MAR 28 PY 2006 VL 124 IS 12 AR 124305 DI 10.1063/1.2177254 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 028CP UT WOS:000236464000019 PM 16599672 ER PT J AU Cohen, JS AF Cohen, JS TI Reactive collisions of atomic antihydrogen with H, He+ and He SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS B-ATOMIC MOLECULAR AND OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID NEGATIVE-MESON MODERATION; DIABATIC-STATE TREATMENT; CROSS-SECTIONS; HYDROGEN-ATOM; CAPTURE; ANTIPROTON; SCATTERING; APPROXIMATION; ANNIHILATION; PHYSICS AB The fermion molecular dynamics (FMD) method is used to determine the rearrangement and destruction cross sections for collisions of antihydrogen ((H) over bar) with H, He+ and He at collision energies above 0.1 au. The results for the (H) over bar and He+ targets satisfactorily merge with previous calculations done for lower collision energies. Despite the absence of a critical distance, the destruction cross section for collisions of (H) over bar with He, previously uncalculated, is found to be comparable with the destruction cross sections for (H) over bar collisions with H and He+. All three cross sections are shown to be given quite reasonably by simple classical orbiting formulae at energies that are very low but still high enough for L > 0 partial waves to be dominant. The cross sections for formation of the antiprotonic atoms (Pn or (p) over bar He) and their initial quantum numbers with the (H) over bar projectile are found to be significantly different from the analogous cross sections for (p) over bar projectiles. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Cohen, JS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM cohen@lanl.gov NR 46 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-4075 EI 1361-6455 J9 J PHYS B-AT MOL OPT JI J. Phys. B-At. Mol. Opt. Phys. PD MAR 28 PY 2006 VL 39 IS 6 BP 1517 EP 1536 DI 10.1088/0953-4075/39/6/019 PG 20 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 039DD UT WOS:000237280000025 ER PT J AU Pindzola, MS Robicheaux, F Colgan, J AF Pindzola, MS Robicheaux, F Colgan, J TI Electron-impact double ionization of H- SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS B-ATOMIC MOLECULAR AND OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID HELIUM; IONS AB Electron-impact double ionization cross sections for H- are calculated using a non-perturbative time-dependent close-coupling theory. The total wavefunction for the three-electron system is represented by a coupled channels expansion involving simple products of three-dimensional radial lattices and six-dimensional coupled spherical harmonics. Following time evolution of the total wavefunction according to the Schrodinger equation, collision probabilities are found by projection of the total wavefunction onto fully antisymmetric products of spatial and spin functions representing three outgoing Coulomb waves. The completely ab initio double ionization cross section results for H- are found to be more than a factor of 5 below the experimental measurements of Peart et al (1971 J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Phys. 4 88) and in excellent agreement with the experimental measurements of Yu et al (1992 J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 25 4593). C1 Auburn Univ, Dept Phys, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Pindzola, MS (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Dept Phys, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. NR 10 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-4075 J9 J PHYS B-AT MOL OPT JI J. Phys. B-At. Mol. Opt. Phys. PD MAR 28 PY 2006 VL 39 IS 6 BP L127 EP L131 DI 10.1088/0953-4075/39/6/L04 PG 5 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 039DD UT WOS:000237280000004 ER PT J AU Dentinger, PM Simmons, BA Cruz, E Sprague, M AF Dentinger, PM Simmons, BA Cruz, E Sprague, M TI DNA-mediated delivery of lipophilic molecules via hybridization to DNA-based vesicular aggregates SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID DRUG-DELIVERY; VESICLES; LIPOSOMES; AMPHIPHILES; POLYMERS AB A scheme is presented for stabilizing hydrophobic molecules and releasing them into aqueous solution via DNA hybridization. A tetradecyl hydrophobic tail is covalently attached to synthetic oligomers. and the resulting amphiphilic molecules take Lip substantial amounts of orange OT and pyrene dyes in aqueous environments. The resulting structures do not affect the surface tension and are predominantly spherical as shown by light scattering and TEM, and the pyrene fluorescence is consistent with a hydrophobic environment. It is Concluded that the amphiphilic DNA creates vesicular domains upon which the hydrophobic dyes reside and are stabilized in solution. Upon exposure to the complementary strand, the pyrene dye is released from the structures. showing that the scheme can be used for unlabeled or DNA-mediated drug delivery. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Dentinger, PM (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 969, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM pmdenti@sandia.gov OI Sprague, Matthew/0000-0002-3526-7077; Simmons, Blake/0000-0002-1332-1810 NR 19 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD MAR 28 PY 2006 VL 22 IS 7 BP 2935 EP 2937 DI 10.1021/la053005o PG 3 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 033JN UT WOS:000236843300004 PM 16548535 ER PT J AU Leonhard, K Prausnitz, JM Radke, CJ AF Leonhard, K Prausnitz, JM Radke, CJ TI Three-dimensional lattice Monte Carlo simulations of model proteins. IV. Proteins at an oil-water interface SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID ACID INTERACTION ENERGIES; FOLDING THERMODYNAMICS; KINETICS; SURFACE AB Lattice Monte Carlo simulations describe the adsorption of protein-like heteropolymer chains at an oil/water interface. The heteropolymers are designed sequences of 27 and 64 amino acid-type lattice sites taken from a 20-letter alphabet. We use our recently suggested energy scale to model oil and water. We investigate the effect of the oil parameters on adsorption properties of a single chain and on the aggregation of adsorbed chains while keeping the water parameters fixed to their Optimum values found previously. By varying the oil parameters, we can cause a large range of adsorption behavior: from no adsorption to reversible adsorption to irreversible adsorption. We compare adsorption at a liquid/ solid interface to that at a liquid/liquid interface. A liquid interface leads to stronger adsorption and denaturation than a solid interface with the same water and oil interaction parameters. We propose "optimal" oil parameters and use them to study multichain adsorption at a liquid interface. C1 Lehrstuhl Tech Thermodynam, D-52062 Aachen, Germany. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Leonhard, K (reprint author), Lehrstuhl Tech Thermodynam, Schinkelstr 8, D-52062 Aachen, Germany. EM leonhard@ltt.rwath-aachen.de RI Leonhard, Kai/B-2127-2009 NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD MAR 28 PY 2006 VL 22 IS 7 BP 3265 EP 3272 DI 10.1021/la052535h PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 033JN UT WOS:000236843300056 PM 16548587 ER PT J AU Jesse, S Baddorf, AP Kalinin, SV AF Jesse, S Baddorf, AP Kalinin, SV TI Dynamic behaviour in piezoresponse force microscopy SO NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HIGH-FREQUENCY RESPONSE; FERROELECTRIC DOMAIN; NANOMETER-SCALE; CANTILEVERS; FRICTION; RESOLUTION; POLARIZATION; NANOSTRUCTURES; RECONSTRUCTION; SENSITIVITY AB Frequency-dependent dynamic behaviour in piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM) implemented on a beam-deflection atomic force microscope (AFM) is analysed using a combination of modelling and experimental measurements. The PFM signal is comprised of contributions from local electrostatic forces acting on the tip, distributed forces acting on the cantilever, and three components of the electromechanical response vector. These interactions result in the flexural and torsional oscillations of the cantilever, detected as vertical and lateral PFM signals. The relative magnitudes of these contributions depend on geometric parameters of the system, on the stiffnesses and frictional forces of the tip-surface junction, and on the frequency of operation. The dynamic signal formation mechanism in PFM is analysed and conditions for optimal PFM imaging are formulated. An experimental approach for probing cantilever dynamics using frequency-bias spectroscopy and deconvolution of electromechanical and electrostatic contrast is implemented. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM sergei2@ornl.gov RI Kalinin, Sergei/I-9096-2012; Jesse, Stephen/D-3975-2016; Baddorf, Arthur/I-1308-2016 OI Kalinin, Sergei/0000-0001-5354-6152; Jesse, Stephen/0000-0002-1168-8483; Baddorf, Arthur/0000-0001-7023-2382 NR 56 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 5 U2 50 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0957-4484 EI 1361-6528 J9 NANOTECHNOLOGY JI Nanotechnology PD MAR 28 PY 2006 VL 17 IS 6 BP 1615 EP 1628 DI 10.1088/0957-4484/17/6/014 PG 14 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 031NS UT WOS:000236711900014 PM 26558568 ER PT J AU Dube, DH Prescher, JA Quang, CN Bertozzi, CR AF Dube, DH Prescher, JA Quang, CN Bertozzi, CR TI Probing mucin-type O-linked glycosylation in living animals SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE azide; Staudinger ligation; glycan; N-azidoacetylgalactosamine; metabolic labeling ID GLCNAC-MODIFIED PROTEINS; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; CELL-SURFACE; IN-VIVO; ALTERED GLYCOSYLATION; STAUDINGER LIGATION; CANCER; LECTINS; GLYCOPROTEINS; CHEMISTRY AB Changes in O-linked protein glycosylation are known to correlate with disease states but are difficult to monitor in a physiological setting because of a lack of experimental tools. Here, we report a technique for rapid profiling of O-linked glycoproteins in living animals by metabolic labeling with N-azidoacetylgalactosamine (GalNAz) followed by Staudinger ligation with phosphine probes. After injection of mice with a peracetylated form of GalNAz, azide-labeled glycoproteins were observed in a variety of tissues, including liver, kidney, and heart, in serum, and on isolated splenocytes. B cell glycoproteins were robustly labeled with GalNAz but T cell glycoproteins were not, suggesting fundamental differences in glycosylation machinery or metabolism. Furthermore, GalNAz-labeled B cells could be selectively targeted with a phosphine probe by Staudinger ligation within the living animal. Metabolic labeling with GalNAz followed by Staudinger ligation provides a means for proteomic analysis of this posttranslational modification and for identifying O-linked glycoprotein fingerprints associated with disease. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Sci Mat, Dept Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Bertozzi, CR (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM crb@berkeley.edu FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM66047, R01 GM066047] NR 51 TC 114 Z9 115 U1 5 U2 41 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD MAR 28 PY 2006 VL 103 IS 13 BP 4819 EP 4824 DI 10.1073/pnas.0506855103 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 028FO UT WOS:000236472500008 PM 16549800 ER PT J AU Gawlik, W Krzemien, L Pustelny, S Sangla, D Zachorowski, J Graf, M Sushkov, AO Budker, D AF Gawlik, W Krzemien, L Pustelny, S Sangla, D Zachorowski, J Graf, M Sushkov, AO Budker, D TI Nonlinear magneto-optical rotation with amplitude modulated light SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID RESONANCE FLUORESCENCE; MAGNETOMETER AB The technique of nonlinear magneto-optical rotation with amplitude modulated light is developed. The technique is an alternative to its counterpart with frequency modulated light and can be applied to sensitive measurements of magnetic fields ranging from microgauss to the Earth-field level. The rotation signals exhibit nontrivial features such as narrowed non-Lorentzian line shapes and multicomponent resonances. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Gawlik, W (reprint author), Jagiellonian Univ, Marian Smoluchowski Inst Phys, Ctr Bada Magnetooptycznych, Reymonta 4, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland. EM gawlik@uj.edu.pl; pustelny@uj.edu.pl RI Budker, Dmitry/F-7580-2016 OI Budker, Dmitry/0000-0002-7356-4814 NR 15 TC 41 Z9 43 U1 10 U2 25 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAR 27 PY 2006 VL 88 IS 13 AR 131108 DI 10.1063/1.2190457 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 028CW UT WOS:000236465100008 ER PT J AU Han, WQ AF Han, WQ TI Silicon doped boron carbide nanorod growth via a solid-liquid-solid process SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID NANOWIRES; NANOTUBES AB Here we report the synthesis of silicon doped boron carbide (Si-doped B4C) nanorods via a solid reaction using activated carbon, boron, and silicon powder as reactants. These nanorods have been studied by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, electron energy loss spectroscopy, and energy-dispersive x-ray spectrometry. The diameter of Si-doped B4C nanorods ranges from 15 to 70 nm. The length of Si-doped B4C nanorods is up to 30 mu m. NixCoyBz nanoparticles are used as catalysts for the growth of Si-doped B4C nanorods. A solid-liquid-solid growth mechanism is proposed. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Han, WQ (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM whan@bnl.gov RI Han, WQ/E-2818-2013 NR 16 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAR 27 PY 2006 VL 88 IS 13 AR 133118 DI 10.1063/1.2190468 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 028CW UT WOS:000236465100084 ER PT J AU Kweskin, SJ Komvopoulos, K Somorjai, GA AF Kweskin, SJ Komvopoulos, K Somorjai, GA TI Conformational changes at polymer gel interfaces upon saturation with various liquids studied by infrared-visible sum frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID POLY(METHYL METHACRYLATE); WATER; SFG; POLYSTYRENE; HYDROGELS; SAPPHIRE; METHYL AB Molecular restructuring at the free surface of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) films and the buried interface with a sapphire substrate due to submersion into deuterated water (D2O) and acetonitrile (d(3)ACN) was investigated by infrared-visible sum frequency generation (SFG) vibrational spectroscopy. Film hydration by saturation with D2O and d(3)ACN resulted in polymer swelling. Because of the amphiphilic nature of PHEMA, direct information about polymer restructuring was obtained due to the existence of hydrophilic and hydrophobic moieties. SFG results provided insight into the restructuring behavior at the PHEMA surface and buried interface upon swelling due to the diffusion of the two different liquids. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Kweskin, SJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM kyriakos@me.berkeley.edu NR 19 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAR 27 PY 2006 VL 88 IS 13 AR 134105 DI 10.1063/1.2188388 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 028CW UT WOS:000236465100117 ER PT J AU Lokshin, KA Zhao, YS AF Lokshin, KA Zhao, YS TI Fast synthesis method and phase diagram of hydrogen clathrate hydrate SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HIGH-PRESSURES; CLUSTERS; METHANE; STORAGE AB We report a very fast method for hydrogen clathrate production. The formation of hydrogen clathrate from H-2 gas and ice-Ih at 77-273 K occurs at least 100 times faster compared to the reaction with water. This effect is probably the result of a partial penetration of hydrogen into the ice-Ih body, which favors clathrate formation. With the ice method, the ice-Ih/48H(2)*136H(2)O system can quickly trap and release up to 3.77 mass % of hydrogen, which gives it an advantage over other chemical-bonding hydrogen storage technologies. New data on the hydrogen-water phase diagram are presented and discussed. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, LANSCE 12, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Lokshin, KA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, LANSCE 12, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. EM lokshin@lanl.gov RI Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012 NR 16 TC 48 Z9 50 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAR 27 PY 2006 VL 88 IS 13 AR 131909 DI 10.1063/1.2190273 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 028CW UT WOS:000236465100025 ER PT J AU Palau, A Puig, T Obradors, X Feenstra, R Gapud, AA Specht, ED Feldmann, DM Holesinger, TG AF Palau, A Puig, T Obradors, X Feenstra, R Gapud, AA Specht, ED Feldmann, DM Holesinger, TG TI Grain and grain-boundary critical currents in coated conductors with noncorrelating YBa2Cu3O7 and substrate grain-boundary networks SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CRITICAL-CURRENT DENSITY; THIN-FILMS; PRECURSORS; GROWTH; TAPES AB The superconducting grain-boundary (GB) network of coated conductors (CCs) is usually assumed to be a replica of the substrate network. In this letter, we analyze IBAD and RABITS CCs, where such replica either do or do not exist. We have analyzed the effect of GB overgrowth on the critical currents by quantifying the average superconducting grain size and determining the intragrain and grain-boundary critical current densities, J(c)(G) and J(c)(GB). We have employed a recently developed inductive methodology enabling the simultaneous determination of these three parameters. We show that the percolative J(c)(GB) may be reduced by 50% if the GB networks do not correlate, while J(c)(G) and the grain pinning properties appear unaffected. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics. C1 CSIC, Inst Ciencia Mat Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Appl Supercond Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Palau, A (reprint author), CSIC, Inst Ciencia Mat Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain. EM teresa.puig@icmab.es RI Obradors, Xavier/A-8146-2012; Palau, Anna/C-2947-2014; Puig, Teresa/O-1077-2013; OI Palau, Anna/0000-0002-2217-164X; Puig, Teresa/0000-0002-1873-0488; Gapud, Albert/0000-0001-9048-9230 NR 14 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAR 27 PY 2006 VL 88 IS 13 AR 132508 DI 10.1063/1.2172737 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 028CW UT WOS:000236465100052 ER PT J AU Salvadori, MC Vaz, AR Teixeira, FS Cattani, M Brown, IG AF Salvadori, MC Vaz, AR Teixeira, FS Cattani, M Brown, IG TI Thermoelectric effect in very thin film Pt/Au thermocouples SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRICAL-RESISTIVITY; METALLIC-FILMS; IRON FILMS; POWER; CONDUCTIVITY; DEPOSITION; COUPLES AB The thickness dependence of the thermoelectric power of Pt films of variable thicknesses on a reference Au film has been determined for the case when the Pt film thickness, t, is not large compared to the charge-carrier mean free path. Pt film thicknesses down to 2.2 nm were investigated. We find that Delta S-F=S-B-S-F (where S-B and S-F are the thermopowers of the Pt bulk and film, respectively) does not vary linearly as 1/t is the case for thin film thermocouples when the film thickness is large compared to the charge-carrier mean free path. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Phys, BR-05315970 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Phys, Caixa Postal 66318, BR-05315970 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. EM mcsalvadori@if.usp.br RI Teixeira, Fernanda/A-9395-2013; Cattani, Mauro/N-9749-2013; Salvadori, Maria Cecilia/A-9379-2013; Vaz, Alfredo/K-8655-2015 NR 24 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 5 U2 20 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAR 27 PY 2006 VL 88 IS 13 AR 133106 DI 10.1063/1.2189192 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 028CW UT WOS:000236465100072 ER PT J AU Ison, EA Abboud, KA Boncella, JM AF Ison, EA Abboud, KA Boncella, JM TI Synthesis and reactivity of molybdenum imido diamido metallacyclopentenes and metallacyclopentadienes and the mechanism of ethylene exchange with metallacyclopentane complexes SO ORGANOMETALLICS LA English DT Article ID CARBON BOND-CLEAVAGE; ASYMMETRIC OLEFIN METATHESIS; RAY CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES; ALKYLIDENE COMPLEXES; ACETYLENE CYCLOTRIMERIZATION; METAL-COMPLEXES; ALKYNES; LIGANDS; ZIRCONACYCLOPENTADIENES; CYCLOADDITION AB In this paper the reactivity of the previously reported metallacyclopentane complex [Mo(NPh)(o-(Me3SiN)(2)C6H4)(CH2)(4)] (1) is reported. Complex I reacts with acetylenes via ethylene exchange to form novel Mo imido metallacyclopentene complexes, [Mo(NPh)(O-(Me3SiN)(2)C6H4)(CRCR'(CH2)(2))(4)] (R = Ph, R' = H, 4a; R = H, R' = Ph, 4b; R, R' = CO2Et, 4c). The kinetics of the formation of 4c from 1, in the presence of excess diethyl acetylenedicarboxylate (DEAC), was examined. The activation parameters for the formation of 4c were found to be Delta H-not equal = 20.5(2.3) kcal mol(-1) and Delta S-not equal = -14.8(6.6) cal (mol K)(-1). The metallacyclopentadiene complex [(NPh)Mo(C(Ph)CHCHC(Ph)){o-(Me3SiN)(2)C6H4}] (7) was synthesized by the oxidative coupling of two phenylacetylene molecules. Compound 7 is active as a catalyst for the cyclotrimerization of phenylacetylene. X-ray crystal structures of 1, 4b, and 7 are reported. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Chem, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Univ Florida, Ctr Catalysis, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Boncella, JM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, POB 1663,Mail Stop J-514, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM boncella@lanl.gov OI Boncella, James/0000-0001-8393-392X NR 59 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0276-7333 J9 ORGANOMETALLICS JI Organometallics PD MAR 27 PY 2006 VL 25 IS 7 BP 1557 EP 1564 DI 10.1021/om050280x PG 8 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 025SV UT WOS:000236288100007 ER PT J AU Karshtedt, D McBee, JL Bell, AT Tilley, TD AF Karshtedt, D McBee, JL Bell, AT Tilley, TD TI Stoichiometric and catalytic arene activations by platinum complexes containing bidentate monoanionic nitrogen-based ligands SO ORGANOMETALLICS LA English DT Review ID C-H ACTIVATION; TRANSITION-METAL-COMPLEXES; OXIDATIVE ADDITION-REACTIONS; HYDROGEN BOND ACTIVATION; REDUCTIVE ELIMINATION; CARBON BONDS; ANTI-MARKOVNIKOV; INTERMOLECULAR HYDROAMINATION; HOMOGENEOUS CATALYSIS; UNACTIVATED OLEFINS AB New platinum complexes based on incorporation of the bidentate, monoanionic 2-(2'-pyridyl)indolide (PyInd) ligand, or two closely related ligands, have been prepared. Reaction of the dimethyl complex K[(PyInd)PtMe2] (K[2a]) in benzene at 150 degrees C produces the diphenyl species K[(PyInd)PtPh2)] (K[3a]), a transformation that appears to proceed via direct oxidative addition of benzene to the 16-electon Pt(II) center. Complex K[2a] also undergoes oxidative addition of Me3SiOTf (OTf = triflate) to give (PyInd)Pt(SiMe3)Me-2 (4), a rare five-coordinate Pt(IV)-silyl species. Additionally, reactions that involve stereoselective formation of products of the type (PyInd)Pt(X)(L), including the structurally characterized complexes (PyInd)Pt(Ph)(MeCN) (6) and (PyInd)Pt(Cl)(C2H4) (7), have been observed. These results indicate that the sites trans to the pyridinyl and indolyl fragments of the PyInd ligand are electronically differentiated. Studies of catalytic reactions that presumably proceed via the 14-electron fragment (PyInd)PtR reveal moderate activities for the hydroarylation of norbornene by benzene and other arenes at 140 degrees C. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem & Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Bell, AT (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem & Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM tdtilley@berkeley.edu OI Bell, Alexis/0000-0002-5738-4645 NR 114 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 2 U2 14 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0276-7333 J9 ORGANOMETALLICS JI Organometallics PD MAR 27 PY 2006 VL 25 IS 7 BP 1801 EP 1811 DI 10.1021/om0600902 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 025SV UT WOS:000236288100035 ER PT J AU Ritchie, B AF Ritchie, B TI Relativistic bound states SO PHYSICS LETTERS A LA English DT Article AB The Hamiltonian for Dirac's second-order equation depends nonlinearly on the potential V and the energy E. For this reason the magnetic contribution to the Hamiltonian for s-waves, which has a short range, is attractive for a repulsive Coulomb potential (V > 0) and repulsive for an attractive Coulomb potential (V < 0). Previous studies are confined to the latter case, where strong net attraction near a high-Z nucleus accelerates electrons to velocities close to the speed of light. The Hamiltonian is linear in the product EV/mc(2). Usually solutions are found in the regime E = mc(2) + epsilon, where except for high Z, epsilon << mc(2). Here it is shown that for V > 0 the attractive magnetic term and the linear repulsive term combine to support a bound state near E = 0.5mc(2) corresponding to a binding energy E-b = -epsilon = 0.5mc(2). (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Ritchie, B (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM ritchie1@llnl.gov NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9601 EI 1873-2429 J9 PHYS LETT A JI Phys. Lett. A PD MAR 27 PY 2006 VL 352 IS 3 BP 239 EP 241 DI 10.1016/j.physleta.2005.12.094 PG 3 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 025DW UT WOS:000236246500013 ER PT J AU Rodgers, A Fowler, AR Al-Amri, AMS Al-Enezi, A AF Rodgers, A Fowler, AR Al-Amri, AMS Al-Enezi, A TI The March 11, 2002 Masafi, United Arab Emirates earthquake: Insights into the seismotectonics of the northern Oman mountains SO TECTONOPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE United Arab Emirates; Oman mountains; semail ophiolite; Arabian-Eurasian collision ID STRUCTURAL EVOLUTION; SOURCE PARAMETERS; OPHIOLITE; TECTONICS; ORIGIN; SEISMOGRAMS; MARGIN; STATES AB A moderate (M similar to 5) earthquake struck the northeastern United Arab Emirates (UAE) and northern Oman on March 11, 2002. The event was felt over a wide area of the northern Emirates and was accompanied by smaller (felt) events before and after the March I I main shock. The event was large enough to be detected and located by global networks at teleseismic distances. We estimated focal mechanism and depth from broadband complete regional waveform modeling. We report a normal mechanism with a slight right-lateral strike-slip component consistent with the large-scale tectonics. The normal component suggests relaxation of obducted crust of the Semail ophiolite (specifically, the Khor Fakkan Block) while the right-lateral strike-slip component of the mechanism is consistent with shear across the Oman Line. Felt earthquakes are rare in the region, however no regional seismic network exists in the UAE to determine local seismicity. This event offers a unique opportunity to study the active tectonics of the region as well as inform future studies of seismic hazard in the UAE and northern Oman. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Atmospher Earth & Energy Dept, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. United Arab Emirates Univ, Dept Geol, Al Ain, U Arab Emirates. King Saud Univ, Dept Geol, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. King Saud Univ, Seism Studies Ctr, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Kuwait Inst Sci Res, Environm & Urban Dev Div, Safat 13109, Kuwait. RP Rodgers, A (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Atmospher Earth & Energy Dept, L-205,7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM rodgers7@llnl.gov RI Rodgers, Arthur/E-2443-2011 NR 29 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0040-1951 J9 TECTONOPHYSICS JI Tectonophysics PD MAR 27 PY 2006 VL 415 IS 1-4 BP 57 EP 64 DI 10.1016/j.tecto.2005.11.008 PG 8 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 029LG UT WOS:000236563300004 ER PT J AU Ahle, LE AF Ahle, Larry E. TI Nuclear science with radioactive targets SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM ahle1@llnl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 122-NUCL PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125906750 ER PT J AU Alivisatos, AP AF Alivisatos, A. Paul TI Optical and X-ray scattering studies of DNA-directed nanocrystal groupings SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA USA. EM alivis@berkeley.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 349-COLL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125903349 ER PT J AU Alivisatos, AP AF Alivisatos, A. Paul TI Development of new nanocrystal based solar cells SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM alivis@berkeley.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 228-IEC PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125904813 ER PT J AU Amolins, MW Wang, XP AF Amolins, Michael W. Wang, Xiaoping TI Investigation of non-platinum based electrocatalysts for proton exchange membrane fuel cell cathodes SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Augustana Coll, Dept Chem, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Dept Chem Engn, Fuel Cell Grp, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM mwamolins@ole.augie.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 159-IEC PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125904745 ER PT J AU Amonette, JE AF Amonette, James E. TI Reductive degradation of tetrachloromethane (CCl4) by iron: Progress and prognosis SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM Jim.amonette@pnl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 86-ENVR PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125904085 ER PT J AU Andersen, LK Frei, H AF Andersen, Lars K. Frei, Heinz TI Dynamics of CO in mesoporous silica sieves monitored by time-resolved FT-IR spectroscopy SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Calvin Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM klembt@phys.au.dk NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 4-CATL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125900650 ER PT J AU Anderson, TM Cao, R Slonkina, E Kirk, ML Musaev, DG Morokuma, K Hardcastle, KI Hedman, B Hodgson, KO Hill, CL AF Anderson, Travis M. Cao, Rui Slonkina, Elena Kirk, Martin L. Musaev, Djamaladdin G. Morokuma, Keiji Hardcastle, Kenneth I. Hedman, Britt Hodgson, Keith O. Hill, Craig L. TI Terminal gold-oxo complexes exist SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Emory Univ, Dept Chem, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Chem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Univ New Mexico, Dept Chem, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, SLAC, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. EM tmander@emory.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 738-INOR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125906129 ER PT J AU Arai, Y Joye, J Bargar, JR Davis, JA AF Arai, Yuji Joye, Jennifer Bargar, John R. Davis, James A. TI Effects of pCO2 on uranyl-silicate ternary surface species at the hematite-water interface SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. US Geol Survey, Div Water Resources, Reston, VA 22092 USA. EM yarai@usgs.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 28-GEOC PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125904455 ER PT J AU Arora, P Gordon, MS AF Arora, Pooja Gordon, Mark S. TI Diffusion of atomic oxygen on Si(100) surface SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM pooja@si.fi.ameslab.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 547-PHYS PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125908664 ER PT J AU Arora, P Gordon, MS AF Arora, Pooja Gordon, Mark S. TI Theoretical study of solvation of NaOH SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Spedding Ames Lab 201, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. US DOE, Ames Lab, Washington, DC 20585 USA. EM pooja@si.fi.ameslab.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 159-PHYS PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125908274 ER PT J AU Balachandran, UB Lee, TH Song, SJ Chen, L Dorris, SE AF Balachandran, U. Balu Lee, T. H. Song, S. J. Chen, Ling Dorris, Steven E. TI Hydrogen production by water dissociation using mixed-conducting dense ceramic membranes SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, Ceram Sect, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM balu@et.anl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 33-PETR PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125908033 ER PT J AU Balakrishnan, N Lee, TG Forrey, RC Stancil, PC Schultz, DR Ferland, GJ AF Balakrishnan, N. Lee, Teck-Ghee Forrey, R. C. Stancil, P. C. Schultz, D. R. Ferland, G. J. TI Quantal close-coupling calculations of rotational transitions in H-2-H-2 collisions SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Univ Nevada, Dept Chem, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Univ Georgia, Dept Phys & Astron, Athens, GA 30602 USA. Univ Kentucky, Dept Phys & Astron, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. EM naduvala@unlv.nevada.edu; leetg@ornl.gov RI Lee, Teck Ghee/D-5037-2012 OI Lee, Teck Ghee/0000-0001-9472-3194 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 469-PHYS PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125908587 ER PT J AU Ban-Weiss, G Chen, JY Buchholz, BB Dibble, RW AF Ban-Weiss, George Chen, JY. Buchholz, BB. Dibble, Robert W. TI A numerical investigation into the anomalous slight NOx increase when burning biodiesel; A new (old) theory SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Combust Anal Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectr, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA USA. EM georgebw@me.berkeley.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 13-FUEL PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125904265 ER PT J AU Baros, CM Boyle, TJ Rodriguez, MA Hernandez-Sanchez, BA AF Baros, Christina M. Boyle, Timothy J. Rodriguez, Mark A. Hernandez-Sanchez, Bernadette A. TI Tunable dielectric constant nanomaterials: Synthesis and characterization of alkaline earth titanium alkoxide single source precursors SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Adv Mat Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. EM cmbaros@sandia.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 331-CHED PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125901327 ER PT J AU Barry, BA Cooper, IB De Riso, A Brewer, S Vu, D Dyer, RB AF Barry, Bridgette A. Cooper, Ian B. De Riso, Antonio Brewer, Scott Vu, Dung Dyer, R. Brian TI Time-resolved vibrational spectroscopy detects an intermediate in the photosynthetic oxygen-evolving cycle SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Biochem, Petit Inst Bioengn & Biosci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Integrated Spect Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 753-INOR PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125906144 ER PT J AU Bauer, CA Schroeder, F Skulan, AJ Hermes, S Talin, AA Anderson, RJ Fischer, RA Simmons, BA Allendorf, MD AF Bauer, Christina A. Schroeder, Felicitas Skulan, Andrew J. Hermes, Stephan Talin, Albert A. Anderson, Richard J. Fischer, Roland A. Simmons, Blake A. Allendorf, Mark D. TI Electronic and luminescent properties of metal-organic frameworks: Toward gas sensors SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Nanoscale Sci & Technol Dept, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Ruhr Univ Bochum, Lehrstuhl Anorgan Chem 2, D-4630 Bochum, Germany. Sandia Natl Labs, Microfluid Dept, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM cbauer@sandia.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 709-INOR PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125906100 ER PT J AU Bauer, E Neu, M Ehler, DS McClesky, M Wong, AS AF Bauer, Eve Neu, Mary Ehler, Deborah S. McClesky, Mark Wong, Amy S. TI Rapid beryllium analysis in the presence of plutonium using the BeFinder method SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, CSIC, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM ebauer@lanl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 6-TECH PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125909914 ER PT J AU Bauer, E Stout, SA Reilly, SD Lichtner, PC Neu, M AF Bauer, Eve Stout, Stephen A. Reilly, Sean D. Lichtner, Peter C. Neu, Mary TI Uranyl and plutonyl interactions with delta-MnO2 SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Hydrol Geochem & Geol Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM ebauer@lanl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 200-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125904199 ER PT J AU Becker, JA AF Becker, John A. TI Measurements of neutron-induced partial gamma-ray cross sections for nuclear data at LANSCE/WNR/GEANIE SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, N Div, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM jabecker@llnl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 148-NUCL PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125906776 ER PT J AU Bernstein, LA Burke, J Phair, LW Fallon, P Moody, KJ McMahan, M Lyles, B Ai, H Clark, R Macchiavelli, AO Lee, I Wiedeking, M Sinha, S AF Bernstein, L. A. Burke, J. Phair, L. W. Fallon, P. Moody, K. J. McMahan, M. A. Lyles, B. F. Ai, H. Clark, R. M. Macchiavelli, A. O. Lee, I. Y. Wiedeking, M. Sinha, S. TI Determination of the U-237(n,gamma) and U-237(n,2n) cross sections using the surrogate ratio technique SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, N Div, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Nucl Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 151-NUCL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125906779 ER PT J AU Beste, A Harrison, RJ Britt, PF Buchanan, AC AF Beste, Ariana Harrison, Robert J. Britt, Phillip F. Buchanan, A. C., III TI Ab initio study for the hydrogen abstraction reactions on toluene and tetralin SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN USA. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM bestea@ornl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 130-FUEL PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125904397 ER PT J AU Blackmon, JC AF Blackmon, J. C. TI Laboratory measurements probing the role of radioactive nuclei in the cosmos SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM blackmon@ornl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 94-NUCL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125906722 ER PT J AU Boldyrev, AI Wang, LS Zubarev, DY Cui, LF AF Boldyrev, Alexander I. Wang, Lai-Sheng Zubarev, Dmitry Yu. Cui, Li Feng TI Peculiarities in chemical bonding in multiply charged silicon clusters: Joint ab-initio and photoelectron spectroscopy study SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Utah State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Logan, UT 84322 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Washington State Univ, Dept Phys, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM boldyrev@cc.usu.edu; dzoubarev@cc.usu.edu RI Boldyrev, Alexander/C-5940-2009 OI Boldyrev, Alexander/0000-0002-8277-3669 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 445-PHYS PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125908562 ER PT J AU Bowman, MK Smith, SD Samseth, J Rasmussen, KO Spontak, RJ AF Bowman, Michelle K. Smith, Steven D. Samseth, Jon Rasmussen, Kim O. Spontak, Richard J. TI Effect of nanoparticle surface functionality on the phase behavior and morphology of block copolymer nanocomposites SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Procter & Gamble Co, Miami Valley Innovat Ctr, Cincinnati, OH 45202 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM mkbowman@unity.ncsu.edu RI Rasmussen, Kim/B-5464-2009 OI Rasmussen, Kim/0000-0002-4029-4723 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 283-PMSE PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125909280 ER PT J AU Bratlie, KM Flores, LD Somorjai, GA AF Bratlie, Kaitlin M. Flores, Lucio D. Somorjai, G. A. TI Catalytic reactions of cyclic C-6 hydrocarbons on platinum single crystal studied by sum frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM kmbratlie@lbl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 341-COLL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125903341 ER PT J AU Bratlie, KM Flores, LD Somorjai, GA AF Bratlie, Kaitlin M. Flores, Lucio D. Somorjai, Gabor A. TI Surface vibrational spectroscopy of benzene hydrogenation on Pt(111): Pressure and temperature effects SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM kmbratlie@lbl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 116-COLL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125903116 ER PT J AU Britt, PF Buchanan, AC Skeen, JT Ilgner, R Horita, J AF Britt, Phillip F. Buchanan, A. C., III Skeen, J. Todd Ilgner, Ralph Horita, Juske TI Origin of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from the combustion of biomass using C-13-labeling and gas chromatography-combustion-isotope ratio mass spectrometry (GC-C-IRMS) SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Chem Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM brittpf@ornl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 72-FUEL PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125904332 ER PT J AU Brooks, SC Dong, W Carroll, SL Kelly, SD Kemner, K AF Brooks, Scott C. Dong, Wenming Carroll, Sue L. Kelly, Shelly Kemner, Ken TI Influence of EDTA and pH on uranium(VI) bioreduction in the presence of calcium ions SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Res, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Brooks, Scott/B-9439-2012; Dong, Wenming/G-3221-2015 OI Brooks, Scott/0000-0002-8437-9788; Dong, Wenming/0000-0003-2074-8887 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 122-GEOC PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125904549 ER PT J AU Bryant, JL AF Bryant, Janet L. TI Chemistry chameleons: How an MBA can help leverage a chemistry career SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM janetlbryant@pnl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 5-YCC PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125909945 ER PT J AU Bryantsev, V Hay, BP AF Bryantsev, Vyacheslav Hay, Benjamin P. TI De novo structure-based design of tris-urea tripodal and macrocyclic anion receptors SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM vyacheslav.bryantsev@pnl.gov RI Bryantsev, Vyacheslav/M-5111-2016 OI Bryantsev, Vyacheslav/0000-0002-6501-6594 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 164-COMP PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125903700 ER PT J AU Bunting, BG Wildman, CB AF Bunting, Bruce G. Wildman, Craig B. TI A comparison of biodiesel combustion performance with that of three other diesel fuels in a homogeneous charge compression ignition engine SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Fuels Engines & Emiss Res Ctr, Knoxville, TN 37932 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 11-ENVR PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125904263 ER PT J AU Burrell, AK McCleskey, TM Del Sesto, RE Baker, GA Baker, SN AF Burrell, Anthony K. McCleskey, T. Mark Del Sesto, Rico E. Baker, Gary A. Baker, Sheila N. TI Spectroscopic grade ionic liquids SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. EM burrell@lanl.gov RI McCleskey, Thomas/J-4772-2012 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 202-IEC PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125904788 ER PT J AU Burrows, PE Bryant, JL AF Burrows, Paul E. Bryant, Janet L. TI R&D's contribution: The nanoscience and nanotechnology initiative at PNNL SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, ESTD, Div Mat Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 27-BMGT PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125900553 ER PT J AU Cang, H Xu, CS Yang, H AF Cang, Hu Xu, C. Shan Yang, Haw TI 3-D Confocal tracking of a single particle and concurrent optical readout SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM hucang@gmail.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 295-PHYS PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125908411 ER PT J AU Cao, J Xia, GD Platon, A King, DL Wang, Y AF Cao, James Xia, Gordon Platon, Alex King, David L. Wang, Yong TI Low temperature aqueous phase reforming of sorbitol for hydrogen production SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Energy Sci & Technol Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM yongwang@pnl.gov RI Wang, Yong/C-2344-2013 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 3-PETR PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125908003 ER PT J AU Catalano, JG Park, CY Zhang, Z Fenter, P AF Catalano, Jeffrey G. Park, Changyong Zhang, Zhan Fenter, Paul TI Simultaneous inner- and outer-sphere As( V) adsorption on alpha-Al2O3 SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM catalano@anl.gov RI Catalano, Jeffrey/A-8322-2013; Park, Changyong/A-8544-2008 OI Catalano, Jeffrey/0000-0001-9311-977X; Park, Changyong/0000-0002-3363-5788 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 17-GEOC PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125904444 ER PT J AU Chadwick, MB Talou, P Kawano, T Vieira, DJ Wilkerson, CW Little, RC AF Chadwick, Mark B. Talou, Patrick Kawano, Toshihiko Vieira, David J. Wilkerson, Charles W., Jr. Little, Robert C. TI Nuclear cross sections for national security applications in radiochemistry SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Nucl Phys Grp, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, CINC, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM mbchadwick@lanl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 93-NUCL PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125906721 ER PT J AU Chan, BC Hess, RF Feng, P Hulvey, Z Conradson, SD Abney, KD Dorhout, PK AF Chan, Benny C. Hess, Ryan F. Feng, Patrick Hulvey, Zeric Conradson, Steven D. Abney, Kent D. Dorhout, Peter K. TI Synthesis and characterization of ternary and quaternary actinide chalcogenides SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Dickinson Coll, Dept Chem, Carlisle, PA 17050 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Nucl Mat Technol, Los Alamos, NM USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM USA. Colorado State Univ, Dept Chem, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM chanb@dickinson.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 542-INOR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125905539 ER PT J AU Checco, A Misner, M Russell, TP Ocko, BM AF Checco, Antonio Misner, Matthew Russell, Thomas P. Ocko, Benjamin M. TI Graphoepitaxy of diblock-copolymers microdomains by using chemical patterns SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Dept Polymer Sci & Engn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM checco@bnl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 329-POLY PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125909839 ER PT J AU Chen, BL Liang, CD Yang, J Contreras, DS Dai, S AF Chen, Banglin Liang, Chengdu, Sr. Yang, Jun Contreras, Damacio Steven Dai, Sheng TI A microporous metal-organic framework for gas chromatographic separation of alkanes SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Univ Texas, Dept Chem, Edinburg, TX 78541 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Chem, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Univ Texas Pan Amer, Dept Chem, Edinburg, TX 78539 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM banglin@utpa.edu RI Liang, Chengdu/G-5685-2013; Dai, Sheng/K-8411-2015 OI Dai, Sheng/0000-0002-8046-3931 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 16 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 763-INOR PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125906154 ER PT J AU Chung, SW Huang, Y Cheung, CL Chatterji, A Lin, TW Johnson, JE Belcher, AM De Yoreo, JJ AF Chung, Sung-Wook Huang, Yu Cheung, Chin-Li Chatterji, Anju Lin, Tianwei Johnson, John E. Belcher, Angela M. De Yoreo, James J. TI Directed self-assembly of virus particles at chemical templates SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Chem & Mat Sci, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. Univ Nebraska, Dept Chem, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. Scripps Res Inst, Dept Biol Mol, La Jolla, CA USA. MIT, Dept Mat Sci & Engn & Biol Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM chung20@llnl.gov; deyoreo1@llnl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 441-COLL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125903441 ER PT J AU Clair, MS Smith, SL Harrison, JO O'Loughlin, EJ Kemner, KM Boyanov, MI Scherer, MM AF Clair, Martin St. Smith, Sharon L. Harrison, Justine O. O'Loughlin, Edward J. Kemner, Ken M. Boyanov, Max I. Scherer, Michelle M. TI U(VI) reaction with green rusts: Influence of anions SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Coe Coll, Dept Chem, Cedar Rapids, IA 52402 USA. Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Biosci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Environm Res Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM mstclair@coe.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 216-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125904215 ER PT J AU Cleland, C Deshpande, A Omberg, KM AF Cleland, Cathy Deshpande, Alina Omberg, Kristin M. TI Detection of agents in water: Requirements and practical considerations SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Decis Applicat Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM ccleland@lanl.gov RI Omberg, Kristin/I-5972-2013 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 21-IEC PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125904605 ER PT J AU Clements, JP Devol, TA O'Hara, MJ Egorov, OB AF Clements, John P. DeVol, Timothy A. O'Hara, Matthew J. Egorov, Oleg B. TI Characterization of SuperLig (R) 620 solid phase extraction resin with applications for automated process monitoring SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Clemson Univ, Anderson, SC 29625 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM jpcleme@clemson.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 275-IEC PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125904860 ER PT J AU Contescu, CI Gallego, NC Pickel, JM Blom, DA Burchell, TD AF Contescu, Cristian I. Gallego, Nidia C. Pickel, Joseph M. Blom, Douglas A. Burchell, Timothy D. TI Carbon fiber composite monoliths for catalyst supports SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Carbon Mat Technol Grp, Met & Ceram Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Chem Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM contescuci@ornl.gov RI Contescu, Cristian/E-8880-2011; Burchell, Tim/E-6566-2017 OI Contescu, Cristian/0000-0002-7450-3722; Burchell, Tim/0000-0003-1436-1192 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 51-FUEL PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125904307 ER PT J AU Cowley, RE Bontchev, RP Duesler, E Smith, JM AF Cowley, Ryan E. Bontchev, Ranko P. Duesler, Eileen Smith, Jeremy M. TI Synthesis and reactivity of four-coordinate cobalt(II) amido and alkoxo complexes supported by bulky carbene ligands SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 New Mexico State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Univ New Mexico, Dept Chem, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Univ Rochester, Dept Chem, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 266-INOR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125905265 ER PT J AU Cramer, SP AF Cramer, Stephen P. TI Nuclear resonant vibrational spectroscopy (NRVS), SRPACS, and NFS of Fe-S model compounds, Fe-S proteins, and nitrogenase SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Univ Calif Davis, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Appl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM spcramer@ucdavis.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 325-INOR PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125905322 ER PT J AU Criscenti, LJ Finley-Jones, H AF Criscenti, Louise J. Finley-Jones, Haley TI Calculated alkaline earth metal complexation in aqueous solutions and to gibbsite surfaces SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Geochem, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. No Arizona Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. EM ljcrisc@sandia.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 508-PHYS PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125908626 ER PT J AU Cronauer, DC Krause, T Salinas, J Wagner, AL Wagner, JP AF Cronauer, Donald C. Krause, Theodore Salinas, Jon Wagner, Aaron L. Wagner, Jon P. TI Comparison of Rh, Pt and Rh-Pt supported on an oxide-ion conducting substrate as catalysts for autothermal reforming methane SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem Engn, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM dccronauer@anl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 129-FUEL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125904396 ER PT J AU Crowell, RA Oulianov, DA Korovyanko, O Rey-de-Castro, R Elles, CG Gosztola, DJ Shkrob, IA AF Crowell, Robert A. Oulianov, Dmitri A. Korovyanko, Oleg Rey-de-Castro, Roberto Elles, Christopher G. Gosztola, David J. Shkrob, Ilya A. TI Fast radiolytic reactions and spur dynamics in liquid water SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM rob_crowell@anl.gov RI Gosztola, David/D-9320-2011 OI Gosztola, David/0000-0003-2674-1379 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 89-PHYS PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125908204 ER PT J AU Custelcean, R Gorbunova, MG Moyer, BA Hay, BP AF Custelcean, Radu Gorbunova, Maryna G. Moyer, Bruce A. Hay, Benjamin P. TI Anion coordination and separation with metal-organic frameworks SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM custelceanr@ornl.gov RI Moyer, Bruce/L-2744-2016 OI Moyer, Bruce/0000-0001-7484-6277 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 99-INOR PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125905098 ER PT J AU Czernik, S Evans, R French, R AF Czernik, Stefan Evans, Robert French, Richard TI Hydrogen from biomass: Distributed production by steam reforming of biomass pyrolysis oil SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 NREL, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM stefan_czernik@nrel.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 1-PETR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125908001 ER PT J AU Dahanayaka, DH Wasielewski, DJ Day, ES Kelle, DW White, DR Bumm, LA Achermann, M Klimov, VI AF Dahanayaka, Daminda H. Wasielewski, Daniel J. Day, Emily S. Kelle, David W. White, Daniel R. Bumm, Lloyd A. Achermann, Marc Klimov, Victor I. TI High-resolution scanning probe microscopy of optically-resonant atomically-flat nanoparticle substrates SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Univ Oklahoma, Dept Phys & Astron, Norman, OK 73019 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM USA. EM bumm@nhn.ou.edu RI Achermann, Marc/A-1849-2011; Day, Emily/A-9026-2012 OI Achermann, Marc/0000-0002-3939-9309; Day, Emily/0000-0002-8707-826X NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 352-COLL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125903352 ER PT J AU Dai, S Luo, HM AF Dai, Sheng Luo, Huimin TI Tailoring ionic liquids for separation and sensing SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Nucl Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM dais@ornl.gov RI Dai, Sheng/K-8411-2015 OI Dai, Sheng/0000-0002-8046-3931 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 300-IEC PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125904885 ER PT J AU Dang, LX AF Dang, Liem X. TI Computational studies of ion solvation in aqueous environments SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM liem.dang@pnl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 92-PHYS PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125908207 ER PT J AU Daniel-Taylor, SD Boyle, TJ Raymond, R AF Daniel-Taylor, Sherrika D. Boyle, Timothy J. Raymond, Rebecca TI Flourescent lanthanide nanomaterials SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Adv Mat Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. EM sddanie@sandia.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 758-INOR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125906149 ER PT J AU Daniel-Taylor, SD Boyle, TJ Wang, J Russell, T Majzoub, EH Ronnebro, E AF Daniel-Taylor, Sherrika D. Boyle, Timothy J. Wang, James Russell, Troy Majzoub, Eric H. Ronnebro, Ewa TI Imides, amides and borohydrides: H-storage materials SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Adv Mat Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. EM sddanie@sandia.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 241-INOR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125905240 ER PT J AU Dardenne, YMXM AF Dardenne, Yves Michel Xavier Marie TI Stockpile radiochemistry at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Stockpile Radiochem Grp, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 92-NUCL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125906720 ER PT J AU Dayton, DC Bain, RL Phillips, S Magrini-Bair, KA Feik, C AF Dayton, David C. Bain, Richard L. Phillips, Steven Magrini-Bair, Kimberly A. Feik, Calvin TI Catalytic tar reforming for cleanup and conditioning of biomass-derived syngas SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Natl Bioenergy Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM david_dayton@nrel.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 10-PETR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125908010 ER PT J AU Decker, A Chow, MS Kemsley, JN Lehnert, N Solomon, EI AF Decker, Andrea Chow, Marina S. Kemsley, Jyllian N. Lehnert, Nicolai Solomon, Edward I. TI Reactivity of activated bleomycin: An experimental and computational study SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Dept Chem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM andrea.decker@stanford.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 755-INOR PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125906146 ER PT J AU DeFriend, KA Espinoza, BF Nobile, A Loy, DA AF DeFriend, Kimberly A. Espinoza, Brent F. Nobile, Arthur, Jr. Loy, Douglas A. TI Creating macroporous voids in silica aerogels SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Univ Arizona, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM defriend@lanl.gov RI Loy, Douglas/D-4847-2009 OI Loy, Douglas/0000-0001-7635-9958 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 280-COLL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125903280 ER PT J AU Del Sesto, RE McCleskey, TM Burrell, AK Baker, GA Wilkes, JS Thompson, JD AF Del Sesto, Rico E. McCleskey, T. Mark Burrell, Anthony K. Baker, Gary A. Wilkes, John S. Thompson, Joe D. TI Paramagnetic ionic liquids SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN USA. EM ricod@lanl.gov RI McCleskey, Thomas/J-4772-2012 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 265-IEC PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125904850 ER PT J AU Delmau, LH Haverlock, TJ Bazelaire, E Bonnesen, PV Ditto, ME Moyer, BA AF Delmau, Laetitia H. Haverlock, Tamara J. Bazelaire, Eve Bonnesen, Peter V. Ditto, Mary E. Moyer, Bruce A. TI Alternatives to nitric acid stripping in the Caustic-Side Solvent Extraction (CSSX) process SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Chem Separat Grp, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM delmaulh@ornl.gov RI Moyer, Bruce/L-2744-2016 OI Moyer, Bruce/0000-0001-7484-6277 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 12-NUCL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125906640 ER PT J AU Dey, A Hedman, B Hodgson, KO Solomon, EI AF Dey, Abhishek Hedman, Britt Hodgson, Keith O. Solomon, Edward I. TI Sulfur K-edge XAS and DFT of non-heme iron enzymes Superoxide Reductase and Nitrile Hydratase: Role of the axial thiolate in reactivity SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Stanford Univ, Dept Chem, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM abbeyde@stanford.edu RI Dey, Abhishek/D-2825-2013 OI Dey, Abhishek/0000-0002-9166-3349 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 756-INOR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125906147 ER PT J AU Dikan, AP Carroll, MK Anderson, AM Baker, GA AF Dikan, Andrew P. Carroll, Mary K. Anderson, Ann M. Baker, Gary A. TI Evaluation of the sensing capabilities of silica aerogels and xerogels doped with DCMPVP SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Union Coll, Dept Chem, Schenectady, NY 12308 USA. Union Coll, Dept Mech Engn, Schenectady, NY 12308 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 198-ANYL PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125900305 ER PT J AU Dong, H Moon, KS Jiang, HJ Wong, C Baskes, MI Hua, F AF Dong, Hai Moon, Kyoung-Sik Jiang, Hongjin Wong, Cp. Baskes, M. I. Hua, Fay TI Computer simulation of nano tin melting behavior: Effect of particle size and temperature ramping up rate SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Biochem, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Intel Corp, Mat Technol Operat, Santa Clara, CA 95051 USA. EM hai.dong@mse.gatech.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 290-COMP PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125903827 ER PT J AU Dong, H Moon, KS Fan, LH Wong, CP Baskes, MI AF Dong, Hai Moon, Kyoung-sik Fan, Lianhua Wong, C. P. Baskes, M. I. TI Molecular dynamics study of lead free interconnect materials for electronic packaging applications SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM hai.dong@mse.gatech.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 189-IEC PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125904775 ER PT J AU Dong, WM Brooks, SC AF Dong, Wenming Brooks, Scott C. TI Effects of pH, EDTA and Ca2+on oxidation rate of biogenic uraninite and U(IV)-EDTA complexes SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Brooks, Scott/B-9439-2012; Dong, Wenming/G-3221-2015 OI Brooks, Scott/0000-0002-8437-9788; Dong, Wenming/0000-0003-2074-8887 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 785-INOR PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125906176 ER PT J AU Dong, WM Brooks, SC Kelly, S Kemner, KM Orlandini, KA AF Dong, Wenming Brooks, Scott C. Kelly, Shelly Kemner, K. M. Orlandini, Kent A. TI Determination of the formation constants of ternary complexes of uranyl and carbonate with alkaline earth metals (Mg2+, Ca2+, Sr2+, and Ba2+) by using anion exchange method SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Res, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Brooks, Scott/B-9439-2012; Dong, Wenming/G-3221-2015 OI Brooks, Scott/0000-0002-8437-9788; Dong, Wenming/0000-0003-2074-8887 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 784-INOR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125906175 ER PT J AU Dragojevic, II Gregorich, KE Duellmann, CE Folden, CM Garcia, MA Gates, JM Nelson, SL Sudowe, R Nitsche, H AF Dragojevic, I. I. Gregorich, K. E. Duellmann, Ch. E. Folden, C. M., III Garcia, M. A. Gates, J. M. Nelson, S. L. Sudowe, R. Nitsche, H. TI Measurement of the Ti-48 (Pb-208, xn) (256-xn)Rf excitation function SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Div Nucl Sci, LBNL, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 80-NUCL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125906708 ER PT J AU Duff, MC Crump, SL Heckendorn, F Martin, KB Peters, TB Young, JE Mount, K Kelly, RL Wagner, T Watts, G Leggitt, JL Koons, RD AF Duff, Martine C. Crump, Steven L. Heckendorn, Frank Martin, Keisha B. Peters, T. B. Young, John E. Mount, Kelly Kelly, Ronald L. Wagner, Timothy Watts, Gabriel Leggitt, Jeffrey L. Koons, Robert D. TI Facilitating traditional evidentiary examinations of radioactive and other hazardous evidence forms SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. FBI Lab, Explos Unit, Washington, DC 20535 USA. FBI Lab, Latent Print Unit, Washington, DC 20535 USA. FBI Lab, Questioned Document Unit, Washington, DC 20535 USA. FBI Lab, Biol Sci Unit, Washington, DC 20535 USA. FBI Lab, Forens Sci Res Unit, Washington, DC 20535 USA. EM Martine.Duff@srnl.doe.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 59-NUCL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125906687 ER PT J AU Early, B Fletcher, B Cosman, M Ngu-Schwemlein, M AF Early, Beth Fletcher, Brian Cosman, Monique Ngu-Schwemlein, Maria TI Extracellular domain of myelin oligodentrocyte glycoprotein: Expression and thermal stability studies SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Univ S Alabama, Dept Chem, Mobile, AL 36688 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biol & Biotechnol Res Program, Livermore, CA USA. EM lee303@jaguar1.usouthal.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 704-CHED PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125902028 ER PT J AU Elles, CG Jailaubekov, A Bradforth, SE Shkrob, I Crowell, RA AF Elles, Christopher G. Jailaubekov, Askat Bradforth, Stephen E. Shkrob, Ilya Crowell, Robert A. TI Two-photon ionization of liquid water from 8.3 to 12.4 eV SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Univ So Calif, Dept Chem, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. EM elles@anl.gov RI Bradforth, Stephen/B-5186-2008 OI Bradforth, Stephen/0000-0002-6164-3347 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 90-PHYS PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125908205 ER PT J AU Ensor, M Runde, W Peper, SM Brodnax, LF AF Ensor, Melissa Runde, Wolfgang Peper, Shane M. Brodnax, Lia F. TI Aqueous alkaline actinide chemistry for advanced nuclear materials processing SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Univ S Sewanee, Dept Chem, Sewanee, TN 37383 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 878-CHED PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125902200 ER PT J AU Farrow, MJ Zavadil, KR Pile, DL Yelton, WG Bunker, BC AF Farrow, Matthew J. Zavadil, Kevin R. Pile, Donald L. Yelton, W. Graham Bunker, Bruce C. TI Electrochemically programmable bioactive interfaces at beta-cyclodextrin SAMS SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM mfarrow@sandia.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 400-COLL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125903400 ER PT J AU Fauth, DJ Filburn, TP Gray, ML Keller, MJ AF Fauth, Daniel J. Filburn, Thomas P. Gray, McMahan L. Keller, Murphy J., III TI CO2 capture by immobilized amine sorbents: Effect of trace gas contaminants SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 US DOE, Nalt Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. Univ Hartford, Dept Engn Mech, Hartford, CT 06117 USA. EM fauth@netl.doe.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 47-FUEL PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125904303 ER PT J AU Finck, PJ AF Finck, Phillip J. TI Scientific challenges for future nuclear energy systems SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM pfinck@anl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 125-NUCL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125906753 ER PT J AU Ford, RG Wilkin, RT Scheckel, KG Kukkadapu, RK Zachara, JM AF Ford, Robert G. Wilkin, Richard T. Scheckel, Kirk G. Kukkadapu, Ravi K. Zachara, John M. TI Solid phase speciation of metal and metalloid partitioning to iron- and sulfur-rich sediments SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 US EPA, Ground Water & Ecosyst Restorat Div, Ada, OK 74820 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM ford.robert@epamail.epa.gov RI Scheckel, Kirk/C-3082-2009 OI Scheckel, Kirk/0000-0001-9326-9241 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 89-GEOC PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125904516 ER PT J AU Fryxell, GE Mattigod, SV Lin, YH Wu, H Parker, KE Xu, JD Raymond, K AF Fryxell, Glen E. Mattigod, Shas V. Lin, Yuehe Wu, Hong Parker, Kent E. Xu, Jide Raymond, Kenneth TI Heavy metal separations using functional nanoporous sorbents: Hierarchical assemblies of ligand arrays SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM glen.fryxell@pnl.gov RI Lin, Yuehe/D-9762-2011 OI Lin, Yuehe/0000-0003-3791-7587 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 295-IEC PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125904880 ER EF